davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
DELVING INTO MOTHER EARTH
Man Has Gone Far Underground In Search of Rlohes That She
 Has Concealed.

For centuries man has been engaged in burrowing his way deeper and deeper into the crust Of old Mother Earth, In order to extract the minerals which she hides beneath her surface.
 A century ago 1000 feet was thought to be a stupendous depth for any shaft; for in those days there were no engines capable of pumping from greater depths, and no system Of ven- tilation had been devised which would make it possible to work In galleries at a greater distance from the surface.
 Coal pits over 5000 feet deep are now fairly common in England. while Belgium has two which exceed 4.o0O feet in depth.
 But coal is not alone in having deep pits. There is in Australia silver mine whose bottom Is $500 feet below the surface, while a gold mine at Ben digo. In Australia, has been sunk to 4,SOO feet.
 A famous Transvaal gold-mining company is sinking a shaft which, when complete, wiu measure more than 1000 feet.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
Stones That Absorb Water.

Stone k by no means lmperyious to water. Some kinds, notably coarse saudstunrs. hold a large percentage. Even marbles absorb quantities. The ub>orpriye capacity of limestones ranges from : per cent or more down Co practically zero. Porous IimestoneS to which the pore space ranges from 10 to l5 per cent, will absorb from 4 to 6 per cent of water according to the United States geological survey, Department of the Interior, whereas semlcrystal- line and crystalline limeStoHes or mar bIcs have lower percentages of pore space and absorption, such marbles as those from Vermont, Tennessee and Georgia being almost nOnabsorbent. Pumice stone, which Is usually lighter than water, owing to It's great amount of pore space, will absorb large Quan- titles of water; obs!dIan and volcanic glass which are of the same chemical composition az pumice stone, but sey- erul times heavier than water will ab- sorb none. Quartzlte, granite and the numerous eruptive rocks are pracu- cally lmperviOus to water.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
HAD IDEAL DEMOCRATIC RULE
In Early Years of the Republic, Roman Citizens in Mass Meeting
 Enacted Laws.

The constitution of the Roman re- public. especially during the early centuries of its existence, was demo- cratic beyond any constitution known today. The citizens of Rome assem- blrd in mass meeting called the rum.tla. and enacted the laws, and the people each year elected two chief ex- rcutiye officers, who were called con- suls. Another important office was that of the tribune, who was also elected for year. He possessed the veto power, that is, he could veto or mnuI laws passed by the comitia, and was held 10 be the special and powerful guardian of popular rights and the welfare of the commonwealth. The number was increased, and the body of trlbunes became one of the most powerful parts of the govern mrnt. According to the modern use of the word, tribune Is a champion of. the rights and liberties of the peo- pie.
 The word also had another mean ing being used as a name for plat form and especially the platform and pulpItLike structure In the French chamber of deputies from which a member addresses the assembly.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
"cockIes of the Heart"

Psychologists will tell one that there are no "cockles" In the heart, and yet people have usSeverated for many years that certain incidents have warmed the cookies of their hearts" EtymologIsts have been puzzled over the expression, and so far have sought In vain its derivation. The theory most favored Hes in the general re- scmbIance, more fancled perhaps than real. between the human heart and the cockleShell, the base of the heart being compared to the hinge of the hIvulvC.
 Whether by coincidence or other. wise. the scientific name for the cockIcshell family Is cardIum, mean ing the heart, from the Latin, although originating in the Greek language. The cockleshen long ago was the em- blem of the pilgrim returning from the Holy land.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
HAS MANY CLAIGS TO FAME
Island of Jersey Has Been Called Wonderland-RealIy Is an
 Interesting Place.

The island of Jersey ts famed for many things. remarks the Under the Clock" columuist of the London Daily News. e. lilies, golfers, won ders," potatoes and cabbages ten Ieet high, to mention only u few of its most obvious speciulitIcs. But its chief claim to fame is that it is the residu- grv legatee of the old Norman duchN therefore the iuheritor (aud presum- ably the proprletor) of the British emnfre. Jerseymen undoubtedly fought in Williams victorious army, at Hast ings. and to this day the island has a constitution and laws which have been little altered since the reign of King John. and which, on occasions, have even dared to defy the thunderS of the privy council.
 The inhabitants are a most Intense " loyal people, and the two greatest blows that can be offered to their bride are. first to confuse their island with Guernsey, and second, to call them French. Fancy the joy of the Jersey contingent which was welcomed Into Fermoy with the strains of the Marseinaise! Jersey has never been conquered; England has, the dedue- ton Is obvious. --.--
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
U. 5. District Court Has SkagWaY
 Session

On Sunday morning the court of fcfals of the U. s. District court of the first division arrived on the Spokane aud Monday morning held a short term of court.
 The term of court was held in Shagwuy in order to hear and pass on tho applications of a number of wou.d-be citizens who had filed ap- pucurious. The court room was crowded with citizens when court opened and after careful question ing by the [. s. District attorney \. C. Snoup. as well us Judge Reed. tle following we'll known men were made full Hedged United States cit f.as. sam Hanson. Ed. Hestness, t J NcCouu. Lionel Talbot, Father r. q Gallant. Clyde R. L. Rogers, Martin Irieu. Karl Larson and An drew S,~eed
 All were heartily congratulated by many friends after court adjourn
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
Provisions Of
 Currency Bill

Washington. Dec. 17.-Chairman Currv's new Alaskan bill, which was presented to the House yesterday, and is the expression of tae admin fstration with reference to the de- velopment of Alaska, has in 1t the following provisions:
 The forestry service will be trans ferred to the Interior department, as will the forest preservation; the leasing of lands for furbearing ami. nal propagation; the development Inf water power. the control of the Natives of Alaska: the matnten- ance of roads and trails, though the present board of Ioad commission CTS will continue to function under inc direction of the secretary of the interior istead of the war depart ment as at present. No provision is made in the bill that would com pel the commission which is to su- pery.s se the development of the ter ritory to reside in Aaska. This was a provision desired. but which was not put in the bill.
 Assurance was given the commit tee by Secretary Fall that he would select persons who would be in AL sska continuously ln order that they might direct the work 10 be done there by the Interior depart rDanf
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
SANG WITH PATRIOTIC FERVOR
Britain owes Great Debt to Charles Dibdln for Ills Work in Popu-
 larizlnq the Navy.

Charles Dlbdln did more to gain re cruits for the British navy In the ns- val war between France and England than all of the press gangs combined, and to him belongs the credit of typi- flying the British sailor as a being of reckless courage, generosity and sim ple-heartedness. He sang his patriotic songs with a fervor which was con tagious and his notes were caught up and repeated throughout the land, es- pecially those which referred to Ad- miral Nelson. For this the government gave him a pension of 200 a year. He was paralyzed about year before his death, which occurred July 20, 1874. The great mass of his songs however, are now forgotten, although some of his operas still infrequently are heard, and his melody and sweet ness are exCelled by few. Djbdin wrote a dozen novels, a history of the stage and an autobiography. He was the eighteenth child of a SOuthamp ton silversmith, and his mother was nearly fifty years of age at his birth In 1745. Dlbdln's parents designed him for the church, but he would have none of the life of the cleric and ran away 10 London 10 be near the theaters. When only sixteen he man. aged to bring out one of hls operas, ''The Shepherds Artifce," at Covent Garden, the very theater which made him musical director some years la- ter.-ChlcagO Journal.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
Musical "Performanees.r

The columnist of the London Daily Express adds a sequel to the story of the London vlolinlst who, when the conductor announced at a Strauss re hcarsal. Tod und Verklarung" would be played next, observed: Good heavens, I've just played thatW
 When Strauss came over to conduct his "Slufonia Domestican-or was It "Ueldenlehen?'-wIt the London Symphony orchestra he finished re- hearsal by thanking the orchestra for what. he said, was the finest Inter Drcrutlon of his work he had yet heard.
 Whereupon one of the horn players turned to a colleague and remarked casually: "WeIl, I've still got two pages to play, anyhow"
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
MRS. LEILA F.. CHOW
 PASSES AWAY IN SEATTLE

Nr. John M Keller received a ..5.rgram yesterday conveying the .uta.Hgence of the death of Mrs, Leila F.. Crow. mother of Mrs. KeI-
 Mrs. Crow went to Seattle several ..ag.s ago in search of health and ..- been under treatment during ... entire time since leaving Skag- a.g. and while her condition was considered serious, it was not r.aasht uuru recently that it would ..I fatally.
 Unau receiving advice early in November that her mothers coudi- ..r had become more serious, Mrs Keller immediately left for the states to be at her mothers bed
 Mrs. Crow has made her home u.-r her daughter in SkaEway for ....r.l wears and Was most estim- .... woman. and was loved and re-
 ...d ay all who knew her. At % .ma of her departure for the ...s Mrs. Crow vas secretary of
 gv# chapter. Order of the East .-a Sur. and she was also mem .- .u several Iraternal societies in ...,la. being an active worker in  .. of them.
 Mrs. Crow leaves one married son, Mr. Fred Lindsey of Seattle, and her ..-.re-. Mrs. John M. Keller of ..s ...y. to mourn her loss.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
LEO SIMMONS GETS
 WHITEHORSE COLLECTORSIiIP

Word has been received that Leo simmons. who has been collector of customs at Carcross ever since it was started. has been appointed col lector al Wh.tehors5. This position is the head of the customs in south ern Yukon and is well meriJed advancement for N. Simmons.
 The place was made vacant by the illness and resignation of Fred Mac lehman. who held the office for over fifteen years.
 It is not known who will succeed NIr. Simmons at CarCross.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20

Word was received in Skagway yesterday that Doctor Culbertson of Whitehorse had been called 10 Atlin in consultation with Doctor Rogers. From Joe information gathered it seems that Chris Beaton who was injured some time ago. would have to be operated on and Doctor Culbertsou will asst the To- cal doctor.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20

Now t seems that the Dempsey Carpentler matinee having been a box ing exhibition instead of prize fight there Is no objection to showing i.D moving pictures of transporting them from one state 10 another all oi which goes to show there k something In a name after all.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
Piles Cured in 8 co II Days

Druggists refund money if PAZO OINTMENT fails to cure Itching, Blind. Bleeding or Protruding Piles Instantly relieves Itching Piles, and you can get restful sleep after first application. soc.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20

To Cure q CoIn in One Day
 Take Groves LAXATIVE BROMO OUININE tablets. The genuine bears the signature of E. W. Grove. soc.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20
NOTICE

When you want anything moved Trunks. Baggage or anything else, Call uU tie John Williams, U. S. Transfer Go. Also wood, l6 inch, del. cred. $45O, and coal, per ton, delivered, SIS.
The daily Alaskan., 1921-12-20

Subscribe for the Daily Alaskan
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

EQve Ahmed At Eradication OF
1cvfe Tox1n-A -Antitoxin is
~ Ready for Distribution.
om State Board of Healthy
p1Gh, May 24--Another forward
" the protection of the public
~ - announced by the State
Qerd Of Health. the newest move be-
aimed at the eradication of diph-
<&>S1A. Through DR.. C. A. Shore, di-
<xEo<4r OF the state laboratory of hy-
notice is being sent the ply
9!<tans of the state that toxin-anti-
<<eNn Is now ready for distribution
- the nominal charge of ten cents
nor the three doses needed to give
*1omunity
Toxin-anhtoxin is different front
dtphtheria antitoxin. The latter is
ueed for treatment and in 1000 unit
doses. for immediate protection. The
Immunity rendered by the toxin-anti-
toxin mixture is believed to last for
c ears.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02
VALUE OF A TECHNICAL
EDUCATION

A technical education is tn.
best insurance against hard
times. In earning capacity. it
may equal an estate of $4,000
For the unframed are the posi-
tons of poverty and obscurity.
Times are hard in South Caro-
lima, but the cost of an education
at Clemson College Is compare
lively low-sufficiently low to be
within the reach Of any ambi-
tious young man in South Caro-
lima.
Scholarships, free tuition and
the payment by the United States
Government to R. o. T. C. stu
dents, still further reduce the
cost
Do not allow the financial
difficulties to keep you from
entering college this fall to pre-
pare yourself for the opportuni-
ties that lie ahead.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

Having qualified as executor Of
the estate OF Joseph .. Hayes. deceas-
ed. notice is hereby given that all
persons holding claims against the
estate are hereby notified to present
same duly authenticated within the
time provided by law or this notice
will be plead In bar of their recovery.
All persons indebted to the said
estate are hereby notified to make
immediate payment to the undersign-
ed executor.
L. F. johnson,
8 26 st. Executor.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02
DEGREE COURSES

Agriculture (Seven Majors)
Architecture.
Chemistry.
Chemical Engineering.
Civil Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Textile Industry
Industrial Education
General Science
SHORT COURSES
Agricultural
Textile Industry
Pre- Medical.
SUMMER SCHOOL
June 1s--July 2s
AGRICULTURAL Teachers
Cotton Graders
College Makeup.
Removal Of Entrance Conditions
Agricultural Club Boys
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02
SCHOLARSHIPS AND ExAMI.
NATTON3

The college maintains one hum
ored and seventy four-year
scholarships in the Agricultural
and Textile Courses. Each scho-
larship means $500 to help nav
expenses and $3.50 for tuition
apportioned equally over the
four years.
Also fifty-two scholarships in
the One Year Agricultural
Course. these scholarships are
worth 500 and tuition Of $40.
The scholarships must be won
by competitive examinations
which ere held by each County
Superintendent of Education on
July 9Th. It Is worth your while
to try for one Of these scholar
ships.
Credit for examinations pass-
ed at the county seat will be CIV
en- to those who ale not applying
for scholarships but for entrance.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

Seeds from the chaulmoogra tree
OF India. the oil Of which forms the
Nse Of treatment successfully used
Va treating leprosy, have been re-
seiyed In the Philippine Islands by
the Bureau Of Science. An attempt
VIII be made to grow the tree for
this purpose.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

i@n"s aoo"
Great Falls daily tribune., 1921-01-07

on the future Of the Marxist revolu-
tion throughout the world.
Particularly striking. in this con-
nection, was Mr.. Martov's descrlp-
tion of the Bolshevist reign OF ter
ror in Russia, which, under the terms
of the Third international, is recog-
nized as a system of government
permissible for Socialists. Murd-
ers, mass arrests, the forbidding OF
any publication or of any meetings,
Imprisonment with enforced labor
without any trial, daily punishment
for strikes or. simply for the collec-
tive presentation of demands tor
worknen, the forbidding Of the cleo
ton by workmen to soviets OF repre-
sentatives of certain parties, these
and other similar coercive measures
were set forth by Mr.. Martov as part
of Lenine's method for maintaining
himself in power. He urged upon
his audience at Halle that the Inter
national proletariat should recognize
Bolshevist terrorism as demoralizing
ard inadmissible wherever it should
be applied, and should thus assist
the Russian proletariat to get rid
of it.
mot the least incisive part Of Mr.,
Martov's speech was that wherein
he attacked the policy of Moscow IN
regard to the Near and Mid East.
Here, again, he could see nothing
but opportunism run riot, disposi-.
tion to use the Orient, with all its
immense possibilities, merely as
chessman on the board Of the diplo-
matte struggle with the entente the
same reckless determination on the
part of Moscow to secure its own
ends, no matter what the cost to
humanity or to the prospects OF the
real revolution. Mr.. Martov's state
ment is, of course, only one more
testimony added to great mass OF
conflicting evidence. Still, the fact
that the Menshevist leader is wholly
in favor of social revolution on the
lines of pure Marxism entities his
views to special weight and eonsid-
Grafton"
Great Falls daily tribune., 1921-01-07
TDEST EDITORIALS
LID O F THE d A Y
(selected for The Tribune9
PURITAN VS.. PROFiTEER.

The Journal does not believe that the
American people really want Puritan
Sunday; but it believes they will get q
Puritan Sunday unless there is radical
change in leadership and alignment OF
the forces opposed to it, Between FUR
itans and profiteers, the voters are hkeiy
to choose the Puritans.
I'm to date. nearly all the outcrry
against "sabbatarian reform is raised
by those who are turning a day OF rest
into a day of profit. The Sunday news
papers, in particular. are leading the
fight and do not seem to see that TINS is
a case where their arguments are DIS
credited in advance.
The Sunday newspaper is one of the
most profitable ana least commendabIe
DEVELOPMENTS of modern Journalism 1t
is a thing for revenue only. Containing,
almost invariably. less news than the aF-
erage weekday issue, it pads out with
features and pictures until it becomes a
burden to the mails and serious drain
on the forests which furnish paper pulp.
But all padding is done with the object
of furnishing carrying medium for ad-
yertising. which is published in such
quantities that Sunday often brings 4
publisher more revenue than all the other
issues of the week.
Now. this is legitimate in the present
state of legal and business codes, and if
the American people had any serious OBJ
lection to Sunday papers they wouldn't
buy EN-. But one can be amused at
clown without taking the clown as a
guide 1t is so in the case of the Sunday
papers. Popular as they are. when they
speak in their own cause, theaR Influence
ends, and every one knows that when Il
Sunday newspaper opposes the Puritan
Sunday" is is playing q marching tune
one word for the dear public and vol
ume for itself
Against this obviously selfish appeal
for a1"liberal Sunday" is arrayed gen.
eral staff Of zealots and enthusiasts that
put through national prohibition. These
men may be as narrow and intolerant as
they are described but they are in
deadly earnest and are mot moved by
hope Of financial gain. They have
large organization. they are accustomed
TO victory; they are shrewd politicians,
and their disinterestedness in money
sense, insures them the respect of the
general public
Unless this lineup of the opposing,
forces is changed, the Puritan Sunday
will win, and at comparatively early
date. The champions of amusement
and recreation on 'the first day of the
week, commonly called Sunday should
choose leaders who can come before tne
public with clean hands; otherwise the
Sabbatarian revival soon viii be an ac
connlished fact. ~ Chicago Journal
fDem
Great Falls daily tribune., 1921-01-07
LIVESTOCK SHR|Nko
F|FTY-ONE M!IlI()I.
DURING YEAR 1870
Loss in Valuation of Range Stock
Makes Biggest Cut in aion-
tana's Resources.

Helena, Jan 6-The total property
valuation Of Montana for 1920 is Si,G6s.-
o24. 100, compared with $1.7oi 800. .3--.}
in 1919. according to figures announced
Thursday by the state board of equallza-
ton The heaviest decline occurred in
the valuation of livestock and tGtailed
SOL o00.000. There was slight decline
from 1919 in the value of real estate
other than farm lands. In 1920 there
were 44.751 ,72S acres of farm and graz
ing lauds returned for assessment com
pared with IL .903, ,S2S acres in 1919. The
average valuation in 1920 was S14.72 an
acre compared with S15.4S an acre in
1919 The value of< farm and grazing
lands in 1920 was S65S.Go5, 142 aud in
1919 S649,00S527. improvements on
these lands in 1920 were valued at $780,
S24,462 compared with $71.422 $50 in
1919
All other real estate, valued at ssf
492. 80 in 1920 was valued at $30l. .5o5.-
S5s in 1919. Livestock. valued at s10S,
Sal 500 in 1920. was valued at $780,,
026,565 in 1919. All other personal prop
erty was worth S2S4 103, ,021 in 1920 and
in 1919 s2S3,572 .S92 Assessments of
inter counties properties totalled $234,
1852 in 1920 and in 1919 S235, ,S33,
S22
The total railroad assessment in 1920
was So, 440 .S42 and that of public util-
tiles ,696,012.
Great Falls daily tribune., 1921-01-07

tana and their re-investment in some
other state where such additional
taxation did not prevail. 1t might
cause its investment in tax-free
securities at home or even send it to
foreign countries in search of better
wages. In that case our latter end
would be worse than our first, SO
far as getting taxes out of these
incomes, for we would get nothing
at all, and our undeveloped resources
Galley TWO-TAXATION
would miss connection with capital
needed for their development.
Montana has already an income
tax. 1t is not very heavy one, and
it only applies to corporations. In
good years it produces quite lot
of revenue. In bad years like the
past one when many corporations
have made little or no money it does
not amount to great deal. But it
strikes US that the legislature should
go little slow about raising the
rates. They might do so and get
less money for the state than they
do now besides working other harm
to the state. When Uncle Sam gets
his slice out of incomes there is not
going to be a great deal left that
can be taken without killing off the
goose.
However, there is one part of
Governor Dixon's recommendation
concerning a state income tax that
appears both practical and equitable
to us. We can see no reason why
the private individual or the busi-
ness partnership should be exempted
from state income tax now applied
to corporations alone. IF the limit
of exempt individual incomes were
placed at $1,000 for single men and
$4,000 for married men as Governor
Dixon suggests, it certainly would
put lot of additional money in the
treasury of the state with no evil
results that we can see. In fact the
exemption for married men might be
put at $4,000, as the United States
now puts it, without any harm as
long as the rate is kept pretty low.
It is the super-tax on large incomes
that furnishes, the danger point as
we have, said. If by means of such
taxes the normal wages of capital
is cut to figure too low, we may
lose it entirely and we cannot afford
to do this, especially at time like
the present when the whole world is
seeking capital and offering more
and more inducements to get it to
come to them and lend them its
services in production.