davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
This Christmas

The best Christmas since 1916. Nineteen and seventeen found embroiled in war, two million young men of America in Europe, the way in training camps preparing to go. There had never been the earth little peace good will to men," It looked s if peace could only with exhaus- tion or annihiation; if the only residuum would hatred break again when strength to fight should be restored.
 4 year later another Christmas gloomy one. The world was then nomnally at peace but the worlds wounds fresh and bleeding. Most Ameri- homes had been touched by the great war. Nearly everyone had lost relative, friend familiar acquaintance A great plague had swept the land.
 The succeeding Christmas found the country in state of financial confusion uncertain of the future Europe was in a ferment. Old forms of government crumbiing at of points the fire which we believed the armstice had extinguished was flaming out. It appeared that the very ruins would be destroyed, that nothing could be salvaged from the world conflagration Anarchy spreading The tide of bolshevism threatening western Europe
 The Christmas of 1920 found us the depth of business depression. We could look down short distance upon those more unfortunately situated But the look upward to the sunny heights long one.
 On of these occasions, though had we des- paired It was Christmas. If there little in the
  there was the joy which Christmas brings On these days at least. there good will.
 We are now to better Christmas. There is vet political uncertainty depression, but the skies clearing. We on firm founda- tion We can see whither going. upward and into light There is though yet intense suffering in the Near East where millions being trampled by the Fourth Horseman but the Christmas spirit will quicken our efforts toward their relief.
 The spirit of brotherhood has been strengthened. Representatives of the great nations who hold or war in their hands gathered in confer ence which looks to the establishment of world peace.
 They have left behind them sefishness and poli- tical over-reaching. They have met to make war more unlikely if not impossible. Never before has there been such a meeting. Never the rainbow Of promise so bright; great assurance that there would never be another deluge of blood Never was there such an exhibition of national good will such augury of peace
 In this respect this is the best Christmas the world has ever celebrated.
 It has brought immeasurably nearer to that height from which we may view "a new heaven and a new earth and where we may witness the passing "the first heaven and the first earth' We may hear more plainly Voice Behold the tabernacle of God is with men, and he shall dwell with them and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them and be their God'
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
By Frederic J. Haskin

WASHINGTON, D. C., Dee. 24. The reason we have war is that there are certain arrangements of cells in the brains of most men which cause them to become excited and to want to fight when bands play and bugles call and patriotic speech es are made.
 Peace will be possibly only when, by education, the mind of the race has been changed so that war, and all it's attendant sights and sounds, cause a different reaction in men and women.
 This is the opinion of George W. Grille, a celebrated American surgeon, who took advantage of his service in France during the war. to make a special study of the effect of war upon human beings, and who pub lished his conclusions in book called "A Mechanistic View of War and Peace"
 Crile's wives are of especial interest just now, because the armament con- ference, if it is doing nothing else, is proving once more that whether we are to have war or peace is a question which depends upon the average man and not upon the gov ernments.
 Governments are war making bod ies in the nature of the case. The disarmament conference was called, not because the governments wanted peace or believed it was possible, but because public opinion demanded it. Now that it is gathered. the diplo- mats are busily jockeying around for advantages in the way of armament Meanwhile the common man is fed his daily dose of platitudes about universal brotherhood and the like.
 Man Must Fight
 As Grille points out. universal brotherhood is largely dream. Man is a fighting animal.
 Grille is celebrated for his diScoV- cry that emotions in man produce absolute changes in his blood, and that the blood does not return tC normal until those emotions have been discharged in action. When yoJ become angry you feel a pressing need for action. If you cannot figh you will stamp your foot. wave youl arms kick the cat, or do something else "to relieve your feelings" as yoJ say. This action which you crave il really d physical necessity. If vol were repeatedly made angry and kep from all action and expression O your mood. you would die of acid il the blood, for anger produces a def nite dicharge of acid substances iron your liver, and other internal organs All of this Grille and others hav' proved beyond question.
 What remains somewhat mysteri ous is why given stimulus produce! one emotion in one man and anothe emotion in another man. Why doe danger make one man want to figh and another want to run away? Wh. does a band playing a patriotic ai make most men want to fight? Grille assumes that there are cer tain arrangements of brain cells il each individual which determine hi reaction 10 a given stimulus. and tha these arrangements are dependen ! upon both hercdity and education In word. your reaction to a give
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25

on through his education, and his adult reading, he learns of war as glorious adventure for brave men. He is taught to abhor individual fighting, bu. to reverence the mass fighting known as war.
 When comm on men all over the world see war for just what it is, when the word awakens aversion instead of enthusiasm, then and then only will it be doomed, says Grille. He urges that war be painted at least fairly-that both sides be shown As an example Of what he means he prints some pictures in his book, two on a page The lower picture on one page IS typical illustration from a school history. of a fife and drum corps bravely marching to bat tie. Above t Grille prints a picture which he labels ''The End Effect" " of a man with his whole mouth and nose and chin blown off by a hand grenade. Again he prints a typical patriotic painting of cavalry charge and above it picture from the World war O. a fIelG after a charge, strewn with dead and writhing men.
 If men were taught from childhood what war really is. what its actual effects are on the individual and on the race, what it's benefits are and who gets them, the whole reaction to war would be modified. It would be twice as hard for politicians to make a war as it is now.
 This task in education is probably task for journalism and literature rather than for the schools. And there are signs that it is being done For example, two of the most widely read books of the fall season are a novel which describes the actual ex- perience of some Americans in the last war. with every detail of horror and hardsh D put in, and a book which tells what the next war will be like, with poison gas and aiI bombs in full action Such books dc more for the cause of international peace than sixteen disarmament con- ferences.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
Questions And .AnsUers

(Any reader can get the answer to any question by writing The Re- publican Information Bureau, Fred eric J. Haskin, Director. Washing ton, D. C. This offer applies strictly to information. The Bureau cannot give advice on legal. medical. and financial matters. It does not at tempt to settle domestic troubles, nor to undertake exhaustive research on any subject. Write you question plainly and briefly. Give full name <nd address and enclose two cents in stamps for return postage. All re- plies are sent direct to the inquirer
 c. Are crops as good in Ireland this year as usual? J. r.
 A. The preliminary report for Ire lands crops and live stock for 1921 shows a decrease in average of all crops, as compared with crops in 1920. The greatest decrease is in the acreage of flax which was 127,- 900 acres in 1920 and 10000 acres in 1921. There has been an increase in number of cattle and sheep, but falling off in number of pigs and horses in comparison with 1920.
 Q. What are the five points on the shields in the center of the Portu- guese flag. w. J. II.
 A A Portuguese delegate to the conference says that these five points signify the five wounds of Christ.
 Q What country is first in pro- duction of cattle and sheep? M. H.
 A. According to statistics con- piled for the past 10 years, British India raises the greatest number of cattle, and Australia the greatest number of sheep.
 Q. How long is a Sabbath's Day Journey II. R. O.
 A. A Sabbath's day journey is popularly supposed to be about one mile.
 e. Is it true that a storage bat tery. will reverse its voltage if it is | cooled enough? J. r. P. A. You doubtless refer to a state ment made by the Bureau of Stand ards to the effect that when storage | batteries or dry cells are cooled down | to ITO degrees below zero Centigrade | the temperature of liquid air. these producers of electricity may reverse | their voltage.
 Q. Who made the first safety razor? J. K R.
 | A. The first safety razor was that made by Michael Hunter of Sheffield England. in 1S7S
 e. We catch fish in a pond neal | our farm ir which there are Din, | logs. These fish seem to taste o | turpentine. If fish can absorb tur. i pentine. why don't fish living in salt | water taste salty? J. A. c. i A. The BuTeaJ of Fisheries say. l that this is result of physiological ! and chemical assimilation l. car ! be hkened to the fact that whcr 1 iodine is applied to human beings some systcma systems absorb it S,
 readily that it can be tasted Other, absorb it slowly and impcrCeptIbly
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25

would be. In all first class towns" there must be payment by each sa- loon of yearly 300-peso federal tax. together with a 200-peso state tax. each with. accompanying 25 per cent federal tax on the collected sum. Then 200-peso monthly state tax must be paid, with no restriction on the amount of tax that each munich pality may levy. Spirits carrying more than Is per cent alcohol will te kept in governmental bonded ware houses to be drawn as needed for sale, after payment of an added peso to each quarJ-Internationa
 Will Build Theater
 YUMA-Constructio work will commence some time this week upon a large theater and office building which is to be erected upon the cor ner of Main and Third streets upon the site of the old Yuma thester which was destroyed by fire last sum mer. The new building will extend from Ben Francis service station of I Main street to the corner and is 10 have a frontage of 14o feet on Third street-Sun.
 Elect Scout Officers
 TUCSON-Election of officers for the ensuing year, members of the executive board and the council featured the session of the Boy Scouts council held last night at the chamber of commerce office. En- thusiasm held sway throughout the session. which was well attended by officials and members of the various bodies of the organization
 The following officials were chosen to serve during the year 1922. L. c. James, president; Nathan Kendall first vice. president: pr. J. I. Butizr< second vice president; Marry Hoi- bert, treasurer, and c. F. Morton. scout commissioner. Star-
 Milling to Begin
 PRESCOTT-Milling of custom ores from the Verde Inspiration claims in the Black Hills mining dis trict is to start in the near future, it was stated yesterday by Ed Meek. president cf the Verde Inspiration company. The Inspiration plant for some time has been milling custom ores taken from adjoining properties. On completion of the cyanide plant, which has been delivered on the ground, and is now under process of erection, work on Inspiration ores will start for the production of gold val ues.-Journal- Miner.
 Open New Road
 MIAMI-The fill across Pinto creek has progressed to such an extent as to permit through passage of traffic. 1 thereby obviating the necessity of ! taking the long climb up and down Pinto cresk canyon, according to word received locally yesterday In this | connection announcement was made this morning by contractor S. Y- Fawcett that, while the fill is by no means completed as yet, autos will be permitted to cross at such times as possible.-Silver Belt
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25

should not be distracted from efforts of his at torneys prove his insanity if that is established it no difference whether he did did not kill Kennedy. If. his attorneys aver he did not kill Kennedy. his state of mind is matter of no the jury.
 Usually when plea of insanity is interposed that is admission that the defendant committed the act which he is charged. When the defendant stands the theory of his innocence the time of the jury need wasted in inquring into the state of his mind
 This of course, is the view of layman, but juries are always made up of aymen.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
PEACE AS A STATE OF MIND

stimulus is partly determined when you are born but can be changed to some extent in the course of your life.
 All men tend to react to many stimuli with a desire to fight and destroy This is inevitable because man, throughout his history, has been fighting for his very life. He has fought the jungle beasts. the ele ments. all the forces of nature. Tribes of men have fought with each other for survival, and so have indi- vidual men. Those who would not or could not fight have perished and have left no offspring. The best fighters have won the most mates and left the most descendants. Hence man is pre- -eminently fighting anil nal, and to proceed on any other as- sumption is futile.
 But men can fight in many diff ferent ways. For example. individ uals used to fight with each other physically and destructively. Now there is comparatively little of that in civilized countries. Individuals i fight each other in business and 1 trade and in the arts. All of the ! games they play. from dominoes to | football, are mock battles. These | things satisfy the fighting impulse without destroying the racS. As men have progressed. larger | and larger units of organizations ! have given up destructive fighting | for competition. First families band | ed together, then tribes, then small nations, and then large ones. 1t is ! only among the nations themselves 1 that destructive physical combat still persists. And it becomes more de- 1 structive all the time. As Grille points
 
 1 war is that it is destroying the race. 1 The World war, with it's ten millions of the best young men slain. was the worst blow that ever befell the human race. And yet we are now busily getting ready for another world war, which will be far more destructive than the last, and which | will not spare America as the last one did. because America will be the very center of it.
 Why does this madness go on: Why have not nations learned to sub- Innate their fighting power, as in dividuals have done?
 Crile's answer is that, while edu- cation has carefully curbed the in- dividual fighting impulse, it has carefully cultivated the nationa fighting impulse. The common mar has been taught that he must no slit his neighbor's throat and take his money, but he is taught that hi: nation may rightfully attack a neigh boring nation with a gun, sword poison, and starvation.
 There is no real difference il moral value between the two form: of fighting. but the internationa fighting is usually dignified with 6 lot of fake moral issues.
 We Are Educated for War
 The common man responds $, quickly to a call for war becaus, all of his education nas been directed 10 prepare him for response 10 tha call. He is always taught that wa is glorious. From the first pictur, , he sees ill his school history books
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
THE INNBADDs ON IRISH FREE
 DOM

Well, I see Ireland has won its freedom said Ignatius Innbadd, as he made a pretense of studying the terms of the Irish treaty.
 Its. about time replied Mrs. Inn badd, who was before her marriage q Miss Della Hennessey. It has taken the English 700 years to find out what every other nation discovered years ago."
 What was that?'
 That you can't lick an Irishman, ." she replied.
 From now on. as I understand it, 1" said Innbadd. the Irish will have to fight purely for pleasure and only among themselves.
 "As read the treaty terms" went on Ignatius. Ireland gets the same kind of liberty, personal and other wise. that Canada has. I'm betting she is grateful that she didn't get the same kind of personal liberty that America has,"
 '.Oh. the. Irish don't drink any more than any other people" rebuked the wife. although I'll admit that if the United States was what 1t used to be there'd be a great many peo- pie in what might be termed an Irish spree state lOhlSht anu tHdl my old dad would have been amongst 'em."
 How do you think Irish freedom will work out2 asked Ignatius.
 Well. I think the struggles of the Irish people are far from over The greatest struggle they have ever known will be to get used to broth erly love with England. When you've had the nose thumbing habit 700 years it's no cinch to break it. The old school of St. Patrick's Day ora tors in the United States will be i'm convenieuced as much as anybody and if England has a heart she will allow the oId-timers To deuounCe her on this annual occasion just for old times sake and the morning news papers,
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
Too Many Defenses

To the layman it appears that Bureh charged
 .,o ,,rrder of Kennedy at Los Angeles has been '..a.ted bv his attorneys with too many defenses- ,'a+,, innocence and insanity. The fact that two have been introduced seems to indicate that attorneys lack confidence in either of '''' and such lack of confidence is likely to be . o-o,,gncaed to the jury It is not always wise to f.aye tvo strings to one bow
 Il, Ialrcb is insane the attention 0i =@z <-7s
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
GERMAN LABOR BILL

The German cabinet has sent the Reichstag a bill legalizing the eght-hour working day. How ever, Germany has had such day since 1918. being the first European country after Finland this step. The bills most remarkable provision is pro- hbition directed not against the employer but the .employe by which provision. workmen forbidden to work for themselves for other employers in their regular branch of industry after they their regular eight hours their chief employer
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
THE CHRISTMAS SPIRIT
BY OR. FRANK CRANE Copyright. 1921, by Frank Crane)

Great is the change that has come the world since last Christmas.
 War hatreds are evaporating Y
 Nations are disarming $
 The spirit of brotherly love-the real spirit of Christmas is subduing the emotions of men.
 The pendulum is swinging back, and the angels again singing Peace on earth-good will to men,
 There is more to Christmas than Santa Claus, sprt- terng roasted turkeys, holly, mstetoe, chimes and gift laden Christmas trees.
 The real Christmas is more than day, season or holiday, spirit of nsefish, charitable heart.
 Christmas is the anniversary of the birth of spirit ual civilization.
 The greatest event in human history occurred 1921 years ago tomorrow.
 The birth of Christ-December 25 in the year 1- tend the Merry Christmas spirit until it includes Ill dAys of the calendar.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
NOT RESPONSIBLE

How did this get broken. Mary?'
 ''It fell off the pedestal ma'm."
 How did you upset the pedestal?'
 T touched it, the chair bumped it, am"
 did you push the chair?"
 T did not, ma'am. It the table done that. All did to push the sofa up against the table. An goodness knows can't what's goin' to happen that far off"-London Telegraph.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
A LIMIT TO vAInR

The swain and his swaness just encoun- tered bulldog that looked if his bite might be quite bad his bark.
 sWhy Percy she exclaimed he started strategic retreat, you always swore you would face death for me"
 -'I would" he flung back his shoulder but that darn dog isn't dead "-London Opinion.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
KNEW HIMS ELF

An Indianapolis visiting her Swear old grandson. and day him standing before the mirror looking at himself, and saying:
 Yes; that's me-"
 Thomas" said grandmother, You should say, That IT.
 Thomas looked puzzled and then replied:
 Well it might be T. but it looks like me- Indianapolis News.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
A BRITTLE TALE

Explorer (story tellng)-It cold at wintering camp didn't pet the ships dog.
 Fair One-Goodness! Why not?
 Explorer-Well, you see, his tail was frozen stiff it would have broken off if he'd started wag it-Houston Post.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
THE ONCE OVER
By H. I. PHILLIPS

Ireland will have it's own army. I see.'
 Its about time she had her own army. The Irish have been doing the heavy fighting in other nationx' armies for years"
 q see by Article VI that the Irish agree to let British warships enter Irish waters without hissing the shippers remarked Ignatius. "Still, the peace hasn't been put through formally yet Irene Daly has got to act on it."
 ''who?" asked Mrs. Innbadd.
 Irene Daly," repeated Ignatius.
 You mean the Dali Eireann.'' cor- rected the wife, you big simp-"
 Have it your way. never met the lady" returned Innbadd.
 ''what else do you observe in the treaty terms?' asked the wife.
 ''The Irish are to have their own fist-al policy"
 P Not fist-sl." snapped Mrs. Inn- badd. You mean fiscal
 -
 q read that King George is de- lighted" said Mrs. Innbadd
 Yes" replied Ignatius. He now feels that he can safely pass under buildings III the course or CO1Slr0C- tion without carrying a brick-proof umbrella. By the way I was just thinking of a wise crack. It's to the effect that while Great Britain has the freedom of the seas Ireland has the freedom of the Henesseys."
 I'll bust another vase over your head if you pull anything like that" declared Mrs. Inbadd. You ought 10 be too glad a great people have gained their freedom to be making cheap puns about 'em.''
 q am glad" insisted Ignatius. "but there's one thing l want tC see. or hear. before I'll believe Ireland and England are really at peace
 Whats that2" demanded Mrs. In- badd, nee Henncsscy.
 'T want 10 be around when the Irish societies are asked 10 sing God Save the King at an annual ouliDs.@
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
DOWN ON THE FARM

Alsernon (city cousn)-What has that got the bell strapped round her neck for?
 Bobby-Thats call the calf when dinners ready.-Life.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
ONE NEVER CAN TELL

Was that a new girl l you with last nisht?' 'Clo indeed. That just the old painted ,ver."-New York Sun.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
|~BERTON BRALEYS 11nYpoEM
 NlWhri8tn tntAHa

Christmas again! spirits grow merrer, drops selfish, conventional barrier, Hearts beat lightly and footsteps grow airier
 This is the glorious period, when All round planet. whatever the latitude, Mortals glowing with love and with gratitude, Life the moment is full of beatude,
 Christmas again! This is the happy and this is the jolly day, This is the dearest and tenderest folly day, This is magical, mstletoe- holly day,
 Which with but in the Come n, we're good little pals all together o your dignity's tether now, Old folks young folks we're birds of a feather
 Christmas here! Isn't good o be friends with humanity Practicing something like true Christianity? go back the greed and the vanity Which have made and among men2 Chrstmastime sprt-how splendid a thrill it is! Lett preserve it, all abilities; a to it, practice live il, until it is tf Christmas againi
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
SUNDAY MORNING. DECEMBER 25. 1921

It IS the Christmas time: And up and doaUaa 'taOirt heaUen and earth, In glorious grief aud solemn mirth, The shining angels climb.
 -Mulock.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-25
We Are Educated for War

The common man responds so quickly to a call for war because all of his education has been directed to prepare him for response 10 that call He is always taught that war is glorious From the first picture he sees i'll his school history books.