Evening star., 1921-12-11

!. When starting the engine the
| spark lever should be in the retard
position. This facilitates easy start
Ing, lessening the cranking operation
and preventing the possibility Of
back-kick. After engine starts adj
| vance the spark about halfway on the
steering wheel tangent, and allow 1t
to remain In that position while the
car is getting under way and gears
are being shifted. When in high
speed the spark lever may be moved
to about three-fourths advanced for
average driving speeds. advancing it
fully for high speed and retarding to
half or lower for low speed. When
gear, such as on hills. or in sand or
mud. advance the spark farther than
1t would be carried in high gear for
average speeds. as the engine re-
wolves more rapidly. When In high
gear and travelling slowly, the spark
before quick acceleration in the car
speed is made. 1t is during this ac-
celeration that the greatest strain Is
placed upon the engine, and When
fully advanced spark would produce
knocking and laborinG. Also when
the car is straining through soft and
rough roads. on high. do not overtax
the engine by giving it too much
spark advance-about half way up
the tangent is enough.
2. There Is no variation IN the ar
pressure Of tires for different sea-
sons, the specified pressure being IN
tended for all seasons. warm or colo.
Although there is some expansion III
tire imitation in warm weather ana
especially during excessive speed at
which the car may be driven. this ex-
pansion is not noticeable and In no
way endangers the tire If the correct
imitation is maintained. The same ap-
plies to contraction, which. II there is
any, Is slight in winter
g. The oil gauge may vary In indl-
|cating pressure of the oil circulating
through the engine under certain con-
ditions, such as temperature. low oil
level in crankcase. use OF wrong OIL
or system being clogged. II the en-.
gine is cold the pressure registered
at the gauge will be greater when the
machine is first started than when
warmed by running, when the oil has
become thin. Oil which will not en-
dure the cold test. which will CONCEAL
in winter. should not be used in the
|engine, as the pump circulating 1t
cannot draw it from the oil pan.
High pressure registered by the gauge
may indicate that the circulation of
somewhere in the system. A safe
plan to follow IL this pressure con-
tinues after the engine is warm is to
stop the engine and clean the oil
lines. Also. II no pressure registers
when the engine starts, or II the In
dicator hand returns to zero after
having registered with engine still
running. do not continue to run the
engine: first Investigate and remedy
the trouble.
T. hydrometer must be used to
test the specific gravity of storage
battery. Clear water tests at 1000.
When the acid is added to make the
testing at maximum strength of 1885
to 1900. Thus. at full strength, the
hydrometer will not sink as deeply
into the solution as it would in thin
or weak solution or water. With
fully charged battery all the acid is
mixed with the water in the cells.
When the battery is discharged the
plates within it absorb the acid. leav-
ing the solution weaker or thinner,
and when a hydrometer will sink
deeper in the solution and indicate a
lower gravity. The battery's condi-
test of the solution with a hydrometer.
although this test does not indicate
the condition of the individual sets
OF positive or negative plates.
D. The carburetor auxiliary air inlet
seldom need be changed for cold
weather driving. as it is necessary to
admit extra air to the carburetor mix
ture when the engine is warm and
for high speed running. The cold-air
opening of the inlet manifold, however.
can be closed almost entirely in cold
weather. This opening is used to admit
cooling air to the manifold heated by
exhaust gases or hot water from the
engine. to prevent the manifold from
overheating and expanding the charges
OF fuel to too great a degree, and only
need be opened on long or fast runs.
s. Never place q wire across the posi-
tive and negative terminals of storage
battery to get spark for the purpose
of aScertaining the condition Of the bat
terry. This is q good method Of quickly
discharging the battery even though the
connection Is made for a very short
time, and in addition is a sure way to
ruin the plates within, causing disinte-
grafton and buckling.
: Z. A tire casing must be examined in
side as we'll as outside to judge it worth
retreading. If there have been large
cuts in the tread. extending through to
the cord or fabric carcass beneath,
chances are that water has gone to the
carcass and started deterioration. es-
pecially II the tire is old. making re-
treading impractical. If the fabric is
cut in a number of places, or If broken
OF damaged inside do not retread it. All
layers Of fabric or cord must be tight
together, looseness between them 'ould
cause friction and loosening OF the tread
and making that spot of the tire weak.
The casing must not be rim cut. or worn