davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
GERMANS CONF DENT
 IF WINNING UPPER SILES|A ELECTION
IRepubIican A. p. Leased Wirel


 BRESLAU.. Silesia, March 15-More than 100 00o of Upper Silesia native sons and daughters from Germany have reached their voting precincts in the plebiscite zones. Their presence is in- fecting the population with unbounded enthusiasm and has served to give German hopes an impetus.
 Policing arrangements for Sunday, the voting day, have been perfected.
 One novelty of voting day will be the balloting by inmates of jails and other penal institutions who are eligible. They also will receive d German and a Polish ballot. The valid ballot will be deposited in a ballot box, while the other one must be burned.
 The prison voting places will be equipped with candles which the in mates will use to burn the unused bal lot, as the prison officials claim this method will prevent the prisoners from obtaining "scribbling paper" with which they eventually would be enabled to carry on communication between themselves.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
GUST OMS KILLED MAN MHO.
 WOUNDED HIM IN DUEL NEAR NACO
IRepubIlcan A. p. Leased WireJ

BISBEE, Ariz., March 15.-Discovery today Of the body of Antonio Huerta, with a 45 caliber automatic lying near by, about 100 yards from the scene of last nights shooting of Marshal Me Donald, federal customs inspector, by a Mexican liquor smuggler. was the first evidence that McDonald's return ing fire struck it's mark The smuggler, after shooting and escaping from Me Donald, who had arrested him, last night fled toward the border east of Naco Mcdonald who, was hit three times, tonight remained in a serious condition at a local hospital.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
Booze Runner Killed
 By Prohibition. Agent
Republican A. p. Leased Wirel

FL PASO. Tex, March 15-Jose Avila, a Mexican died early today from the effects of a bullet wound received last night in a running fight with a prohibition enforcement officer Ac- cording to officers. Avila and four com papions were challenged at a point near the Mexican border and fired when they were called upon to halt. Avila was the only one hit when the fire was returned. His companions escaped. leaving behind them four sacks of liquor.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
wage reduction will be held at Pitts

wage reduction will be held at Pitts burg March 3l.
 The company announced today the contemplated downward revision of salaries and wages would become ef- fective April 20. The notice of the company informing the employees or the nronosed cux announced by the di rectors last week, is dated March 11 and will be posted not alter than Thursday.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
WILSON'S AT cAPITO.

WASHINGTON, March 15.-MT. and Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, while motoring today, drove into the white house grounds. Their automobile stopped at the entrance of their former home and they handed an usher cards for the president and Mrs. Harding. The presi- dent had just left for the golf links.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
Judge Dooling VIII
 Help Clear Federal
 Calendar Ira Tucson
TRepublIcan A. p. Leased WIrel

TUCSON, March 15.-Federal Judge M T. Dooling of San Francisco. who presided at the trial of Jack Dempsey when he was tried on charges of evad- ing the selective service act during the war, arrived here today to hold court during the latter part of March and April He was sent here because of the heavy court calendar. Judge Will liam Sawtelle also is holding federal court at the present time.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
Appeal Adoption Case


 YUMA-Notice of appeal to the su- preme court in the matter of the adop- tion of Julia Fidencia Rizo was given in open court yesterday morning by council representing the girls father Epigmenio Rizo. The notice of appeal development out of the trial on adop- ton proceeding filed some weeks ago in which Pastor Burruel and wife of the Palomas district sought to adopt the little girl and make her a member of their family. At the trial it devei oped that the father of the little & year-old girl some five years ago brought his sven children and depos- ited them on the doorstep of the Bur ruel household, leaving shortly after the five years MT. and Mrs Burruel have cared for the little girl and be- came very much attached to her and before the hearing filed a petition for adoption. The father of the girl op posed the adoption proceedings and em- ployed counsel to defend his interests. After voluminous evidence Judge In- graham ruled that the abandonment of the young minor for fl~- years by her father was sufficient to destroy all legal right that he may have had 10 her possession and that 1t would be to the best interest of the little girl to permit the Burruels. who are fairly we'll to do. to adopt her. So the mat ter stood until yesterday when a mo- ton for new trial and stay of judg- ment was denied by the judge. There upon notice of appeal to the supreme court was given.-Sun.
 Sues For Fire Loss
 TOMBSTONE-As a result of the Lowell fire which occurred last year when hundreds of thousands of dollars of property was destroyed. a suit was filed in the. supreme court in Tomb stone this afternoon by the Bisbee Lumber company. corporation, against the Bisbee- Naco Water com pany, a corporation, involving almost $40, 900. which the plaintiff claims is due to them through a loss sustained by the failure of the defendant to fur nish sufficient water to extinguish the fire-Prospector.
 Sell Booze Hauier
 TUCSON TT Unusual interest was shown in the sale of a 1918 model Kissel car this morning at 10 o'clock | by Deputy United States Marshal James II. Treahey before the federal court on Congress street. although only a few of the large crowd bid. The car was sold for the sum of s325 to H. A. Wimberly.
 It was in excellent condition gen.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
Pennsylvania Rail
 Managers To Confer
 With Men March 3I
TRepubIican A. F. Leased Wire

PHILADELPHIA, Pa, March 15.-I Conferences between regional general managers of the Pennsylvania railroad system and representatives of it's 210,- 900 employees to consider proposed
Arizona republican., 1921-03-16
Border Junk Dealers Held For Receiuing
 CoUernY71erst Property
Republican A. p. Leased WIre1

TUCSON, Ariz. March 15.-Abe Rat ner and $. Stone. Nogales, Ariz., second hand dealers, were found guilty in fed eral court today of having in their pos session stolen government property. They will be sentenced later. The two men bought shoes and blankets that soldiers had stolen at an army camp there, it was proven. More than 400 blankets were taken from them, it was brought out at the trial.
Evening star., 1921-07-31

production of helium, making this
rare gas available for military use.
short time ago word was received
that helium in comparatively large
quantities had been found in the
boric acid sotfione of Larderello, Tus-
cany. Italy. 1t has also been found
in other parts of Europe, but usually
in very small quantities.
HelIum is one of the very rare
inert gases. Every attempt to make
these gases enter into chemical
combination has, so far, failed. He
lium is the second lightest gas
known, the first being hydrogen. 1t
has 92.6 per cent of the lifting power
of hydrogen, but 1t has the advantage
of being free from the danger of ex-
plosion or ignition. and the reason of
this is it's inertness. 1t is the near
est perfect gas Of which We have any
knowledge today: it is monatomic.
and liquefies at even a lower tenn
perature than hydrogen. Prof. Onnes,
by evaporating il in vacuum, pro-
duced il in liquid form.
In order that the reader may not
wonder why We did not produce
great quantities OF IL for Army and
commercial use in 1919 it is best to
explain that but a small amount
could be isolated at that time. and
the cost was but a mere tritie of
$4,000 cubic foot, and while the
bureau of mines. acting with other
agencies later, was enabled to pro-
duce larger quantities. helium did
not become an article of COM
Evening star., 1921-07-31
Is One Of the Nations Valuable Assets in Peace and War

merce to be bartered in by any one
BY almost sIperhuman efforts 1900.
900 cubic feet has been produced. anc
the cost of producing this amount
was reduced to s5.1S6. .000-quite
saving. but not yet enough to per
NIT "blimps" to be filled with the
gas-that is, for everyday use.
T the time of the signing of the
armistics about 15O.000 cubic feet
Of the gas was on the dock in steel
cylinders ready to ship to France,
the gas being under a pressure OF
1000 pounds. From all observations
that have been made, the supply is
limited. and the officials of the gov
ernment are taking steps to conserve
it. of which the United States is sup
posed TO have the largest amount IN
the world. The helfum so far recor-
cred has not reached a purity OF
100 per cent.
Those who visit the offices of the
bureau of mines in Washington and
pass from office to office are not like
ly to realize that these courteous. but
quiet and reserved men are carrying
on "a work which not only saves
thousands of lives every year. not
only saves hundreds Of millions of
dollars. but looks to the conservation
of hundreds of millions Of dollars
worth of resources. The bureau of
mines is national asset, not liza
bility.
Evening star., 1921-07-31
nv JAMES a. BUCHANAN.

w YHEN Congress passed the
NNj act establishing the ou-
" " reau of mines, those VINO
took cogaizance of tns
fact at all had but slight conception
of what such a step would mean 20
the people of the coantry. There
we're many who had the idea thai II
was simply to be bureau designed
for the purpose of Inspecting tim
bering tagging and other devices
used in mining to render shafts. tun-
nels. Slopes and other workings sane
SO that human life might be SAFE
guarded but as time has gone on the
bureau has proven its usefulness In
many fields of endeavor. IL has ever
tried to be a useful instrument in the
developing OF certain of the natural
resources of the country, 1t is prse-
ticaliy impossible to figure in dollars
the value of the work done by tois
branch of the Interior Department..
The bures u of mines is a we'll oiled.
noiSeless machine, and while it's head
quarters are located in washington
the majority of its work. both con
structive and investigative, is carried
on outside of the nstion's capital.
AS one enters the office of Director
Balm and Is shown through the rest
of the rooms, he ipvolHntarity COM
pares 1t to the executive offices OF
some large and successful corpora
ton There are no piles of dog -eared
pamphlets litt.ring up the corners OF
any of the rooms.
Before describing the work of the
bureau il is perhaps hest TO say that
II includes an investigation hrancn'
which consists of the technical df-
vision and the division of mining ex-
perment stations. The technical! dt-
vision embraces the division OF MIN
ing. division of mine. al technology.
fuels division, metallureical division
and the division of petroleum and
natural gas. The operations branch
includes officers of administ alton.
educational Information. the division
of mine rescue cars and stations. eN-
plosfves and routine office adnAn-
iStration.
A portion Of the work Of the bureau
that primarily engages the attention OF
the public is that which pertains to the
conservation of human life, and the bu-
reau. recognizing the fact that the
miners occupation is a hazardous one.
has ever been striving 10 minimize the
dangers that beset those who work un-
derground and to this end numerous
devices have been invented. men have
been trained in first and ard mine les
cue work until we find today. numerous
inine rescue teams scattered throughout
different parts of the country. At St.
Louis. in September of this year, an m
ternational first aid and mine rescue
meet will be held in the Coliseum. At
this time numerous teams that have
been trained by employees of the bureau
Of mines will participate and strive for
prizes. In the mining communities
throughout the country the rescue teams
are regarded as everyday heroes 1t Is
only a matter of about ten years ago
that the late Joseph A. Holmes. the frst
director of the bureau. introduced oAy-
gen rescue apparatus. ard from .tnis
start has grown the formation Of teams
in practically everv mining camp In rfe
United States. There IRE so many
Of these teams that should disaster Of
great magnitude take place rescue
train would probably In the course Of
Evening star., 1921-07-31

forty or fifty miles be able to pick up
more than the number Of experienced
lifesavers that would be needed
y y
THE wearing Of the helmet to pro-
tect one against the poisonous
gases Of a mine does no; constitute all
of the rescue work. for after a man mas
been brought up to the collar of shaft
he is very often in such a condition that
it is hard to tell whether he is a dead
miner or live one. and il is here tina;
the balance of the rescue team con lnues
the work begun by their fellows. A
minute or two of delay may he fatai to
a man who has beep brought up to the
surface after inhaline the noxious gases
below. In addition to the employees OF
the bureau, there are probably 100000
men in the country who have been
trained by the bureau Of mines In nrst
aid or mine rescue work or both. OF
the million or more men employed IN
the mining industry there are more tnan
5000 killed each year while at WORK.
The lifesaving work is responsible tor
the saving of over 5000 lives. With the
advent of the airoplane these rescue
workers can be rapidly transported 70
the scene of mine disasters.
Under the direction of the bureau OF
mines different forms of explosives
the permissible list. For instance. an
gassy and dusty mines black pow0er
and dynamite are more dangerous than
the explosives permitted by the ou-
reau. Mine operators have, In the
great majority Of cases. gladly "a
operated with the bureau in order tnat
adequate ventilation and an effective
controlling OF the dust menace IN
coal mines may be had. Mine lnspec-
tors. both national and state, have
compelled the use of proper timbering
so that the danger of cave-ins has been
greatly reduced. 1t is generally un-
derstood by the public that the miners
working underground must have artf-
fetal light and either heed or carrying
lamps or candles are used. One of the
a stockholder who, when he came to
Tonopah. New. to attend directors
meeting. scrutinized the sheet carry
ing the expenditures most closely
When he came to an article calling
for several hundred dollars worth of
and upon being told that the miners
worked underground at night he is
alleged to have said: Why not put
IN a double shift in the daytime and
save the candles| -.
Under the direction of the bureau
other devices have been suggested for
the saving Of life. among, them being
safety catches for mine cages, gates
for safeguarding mine shafts. stand
ard platforms, safe practices Tor
engines. ladders for use about mines,
haulage equipment. cagfng devices.
safe construction Of cages and skips,
the determination of the deterioration
OF wire ropes used for the lifting and
lowering of cages. etc. belts for power
transmission. etc. ut
Before taking the field mine res
cuers are put through course of
training at the Pittsburgh station and
actual mining conditions. are simu-
lated. The bureau isv constantly
preaching not only safety first. but
safety always, and upon the different
tours Of instruction the fact that It
pays to be careful at ALI times h
hammered into those for whose bene-
Evening star., 1921-07-31
Bureau of. Mines

mt the lectures are DelnR given. rne
bureau. under the safety work plan,
has provided posting boards and bull
letins and these are placed In con-
spicuous locations SO chat the miner.
every day, has a constant warning
presented to him. Numerous publ
cations are furnished to the miners.
one of the most interesting is the
Miners Safety and Health Almanac.
1t is replete with Information that ~
not only beneficial to the miner. but
would. with certain additions. he 4
valuable text book for every home IN
the land.
In the earlier days of mining scant
attention was paid to the housing
problem as far as it affected the
miner. In the coal mines of the east
tumble down board structures. suffi
cient only in part to keep out the
rain and snow. were considered good
enough for the underground man. In
the western camps where gold. silver,
copper. lead and other metals were
produced. any old kind of a shack or
cheap duck tent was the order of the
day. but with the advent Of safety
devices in the mines came a realiza
ton that the matter of housing was
also an important feature of the in
dustry and while some OF the larger
mining companies at first rebelled in
providing sanitary conditions. the
bureau of mines speedily convinced
them. fOrcibly in some cases. that it
was not only for the benefit of the
miner but to their best interest as
well. to see that the man who
brought up the coal or minerals was
properly cared for.
THE result has been that in many
communities there are well con-
strurted. prettily designed homes.
prizes for the neatest street. the best
kept garden and other conditions.
The bureau has inaugurated a sys-
TEN Of safety signals. now in use in
nearly every mine in the country.
Foremen and shift bosses are COM
PEELED to explain to the miner just
what each drawing apparatus means.
Books with photographs showing
safe and unsafe methods of mining
are given to the worker. The i'm
portance OF the need of safety is
carefully explained to him and from
time to time a volunteer mine res
cue team quizzes him on his lessons
and when the representative of the
bureau visits the locality the men are
questioned on the above subjects they
have had explained 70 them. THIS
practice of ever hammering in the
slogan Of safety first has not only
resulted in the saving of thousands
of lives. but it has been the means
of saving vast sums of money, not
only to the mine owner. but TO the
miner. for mine accident of any
magnitude means quite an extended
lar-off from work.
Joseph Austin Holmes was for ten
years. beginning in 1891 to 1901. pro-
fessor of geology in the University Of
North Carolina. His whole life was
wrapped up in mining. metallurGy.
chemistry of explosives and electricity.
Not content with viewing the mines OF
this country. he travelled extensively
through Belgium France Great
Britain and sthe other countries Of
Europe. He visited the countries for
the special purpose OF studying
methods that might lessen the loss Of
lives and prevent the wastage of
natural resources When he was
chosen to organize the department Of
n.i!Ies and metallurgy Of the Louisiana
purchase exposition at st. Louis he
Evening star., 1921-07-31

than S5 Fer cent. and often 1t has
run as low as so per cent. Recipro-
eating tables and other means have
been used, but they have not yielded
the desired amount of the precious
metal. and the bureau of mines is
working on a plan that will. II sue
cessful. enable the miner to know
that he is saving from 80 to 80 per
cent.
While the bureau does not. as a rule,
make any tests for individuals or
compa MES, in the case of Alaska its
services are to be had because of the
scarcity Of private laboratories ES-
periments are being carried on in the
matter Of other ores, for Alaska has
other precious metals than those
washed out from the beaches or
creeks md the work on the complex
ores is being carried on by the ex-
perts that have been sent out by
the bureau. In the old days II man
Evening star., 1921-07-31

I realized that here was the long-wished-
| for opportunity and through his efforts
| a commission was appointed TO
, analyze and test the coal resources OF
the United States and also to study
structural materials.
| The report of this commission Is a
valuable contribution to science and
! technology The United States has
ever been the prodiEal nation. but
here and there has been man who
had vision. one who realised that the
supply was not inexhaustible, a man
who could draw q mental picture OF
a great experimental station where all
manner and kinds of accidents could
be studied.
The result is the Pittsburgh station
Of the bureau. the finest institution
of it's kind in the world. In this
magnificent structure are to be found
Instruments and devices that have not
only been instrumental in saving
human life. but also have been the
means of stopping millions Of dollars
of waste. To DR.. Holmes belongs
much of the credit for bringing into
being a bureau that Is a national
asset.
With the advent of the automobile
came an add"G danger. namely. the
exhaust gases from automobile
engines. a new hazard. and it was not
so noticeable until the time arrived
when nearly every on owned a car.
Then garages were filled TO over
/, flowing with automobiles. These
warehouses. stables or structures OF
similar character. Proper ventila tion
had not been carefully considered.
The result was that numerous deaths
occurred from what was called "petro-
mor;is" The term is not good o"".
as the cause of death in these cases
Is due to carbon monoxide poisoning.
The bureau has prepared bulletin
giving the proper method Of resussita-
lion for those who have been poisoned
by carbon monoxide. 1t contains tne
following instructions: When a person
is found overcome in q garage. throw
the doors wide open and remove the
person to fresh air at one. II a tank of
oxygen and a breathing mask are at
hand and the person is breathing, ad-
minister oxygen through the mask for
twenty minutes. If the person is not
breat athing, give artificial respiration by
the prone pressure or Shaefer method
The bureau cautions against waiting for
the arrival Of physician. commence
the first aid work at once. II no doctor
is availables continue the artificial respi-
ration without interruption until natural
breathing Isl restored. or for at least
three hours.i 1t Is most unwise to give
any liquid by mouth until the victim is
fully conscious. Under no circumstances
should thel person be permitted to stand
or walk; tn make him walk may cause
death. Owners Of small garages are
warned motto run their engines unless
the doors and windows are wide open.
THE rapidly increasing use Of auto
I mobiles and motor trucks is Great
ing a new problem. namely. the
proper ventilation of subways. tunnels
and other confined spaces through which
the machines must PASS. One striking
example is the vehicular tunnel that is
to connect New York city and New Jer-
feet long. Another is the tunnel at
Pittsburgh. $500 feet in length, and q
third Is proposed that will connect Bos.
Evening star., 1921-07-31

discovered what appeared to be min
eYal- bearing rock he had to either
! 'mush" many miles to An assayer at
Nomes or send, his sample by dog
team to the nearest point where
steamer was ready to sail for Seattle,
and then he had to wait months be-
fore he learned what the rock con-
tanned.
With the ever-increasing scarcity
and cost Of wood the problems of
heat. lighting and power have steadily
become more acute. The bureau has
been making tests of the Ignite found
in the Nenana field and also has been
making a survey of the practicability
of the transmission of power electri-
cally to the districts where mining is
carried on.
y X y
ONE Of the greatest scientific and
technical triumphs has been the
Evening star., 1921-07-31

latter will be approximately 5000 feet.
1t requires no great stretch Of imagina-
tton to picture the conditions that would
obtain with dozens of pleasure cars and
trucks all chugging through the tunnels,
rious tests have been made by the bu-
reau aud a solution Of the problem is
close at hand. These tests have been
made. in part. by attaching an accu-
rately graduated tube containing gaso-
line to the carbureter, and another
device is fastened to the exhaust pipe
so that the gas sample may be secured.
Another phase Of the activities Of the
Evening star., 1921-07-31

LIE Gives First Interview Regarding the
L L Much Talked of Questionnaires and
Tells of Startling Revelations Concerning
Present Mentality Of Nation-Memory as the
Most Necessary Quality-American Brain
Atrophies Rapidly Bureau of Stand
ards. In Washington. Is One Organization
Which Functions 100 Per Cent