davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Farmers Are Robbed
MIDDLE MEN PROSPER WHILE
RICE GROWERS STARVE
Producer Gets $18 For Car Load of
Grain Which Retails For Ten
Cents a Pound

Washington-While rice is retail
ing in the nations capital for 10
cents pound, Arkansas rice growers
are paid 25 cents a bushel and less
for this product, according to letters
to Senator Robinson from several rice
growing farmers of that state. The
writer's make bitter complaint against
the Southern Rice Growers associa-
tion and mills, which handle the rice.
Senator Robinson has introduced
resolution to investigate this in
dustry and the plan is supported by
farmers who show that they are in
debt as result of their efforts last
year.
T. T. Hasty, of Almyra, Arkansas,
writes: 81 had 1000 bushels of rice,
milled, and it netted me $5475O,
about 20 cents bushel, | averaged
80 bushels to the acre and when the
crop was all disposed Of it left me
$4,000 behind on the actual running
expenses, and | can't obtain one dol
lar to make this crop. The banks
will not help US to even pay our
taxes"
VIM. Penrose, Of Hunter, Arkansas,
writes: "To my certain knowledge
the neighborhood has received Just
$3.50 under the contracts" with the
Southern Rice Growers association)
From Lonoke, Ark, comes this in
formation: "The producer can not Let
report on his rice. 1t looks very
much to US like the head of the as
sociation is owned and controlled by
the mill. Letters are written daily
to the head officers of the association,
but no replies are received therefrom.
The by-products at this time will pay
the milling expenses, as they are
selling them high"
j. M. Henderson, Jr, of De Witt,
says a neighbor turned in his rice
to the mills last fall and a few davs
ago "received a draft amounting to
two cents bushel." Another received
II cents on 5000 bushels of good
rice. 81 heard Of another" says the
writer, "who got $18 for a car of
rice. Children are in rags and with
out sufficient food. Honest men can
not pay interest on their debts, can
not borrow a dollar, or get credit for
supplies"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Living Wage Theory
Rejected by Roads

Chicago-The theory of a living
wage was declared an attempt to Gre
ate a "super- privileged GLASS;" by
John G.. Walber before the railway
labor board, in presenting the rail
roads opposition to wage demands
of employees.
Mr.. Walber is secretary of pub
licity and information bureau main
tanned by eastern railroads. While
unknown, he is a convenient spokes-
man for those who lack the courage
to openly take this stand.
The witness assured the board that
the railroads are not ignoring the
humanitarian considerations, but
there must be "just and reason
able wage" for just anu reasonable
service.
To inject the living wage into this
question would upset all percon-
ceived notions Of running railroad
and dealing with employees, he said
Mr.. Walber seemed astounded at
the thought that a railroad worker
should be guaranteed a living wage,
although he made no protest against
the Cummins-Esch law, which guar
antees interest on railroad stock. He
referred to a living wage as "emolu-
mentS."
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Vast Sums Expended
On European Babies

Washington-Child welfare work
supported by state funds is part of
government activity in Great Britain,
Austria, Belgium, France, Germany
and Italy, according to a report by
the United States children's bureau.
In all of these countries, it is stated,
laws designed to reduce infant NOR
tality have been in force for num-
Der of years. This legislation for
bids the industrial employment of
mothers before and after child birth
and provides for maternity insurance.
Experience shows that this is not
sufficient, according to the report,
and more direct and special meas
ures to save the lives of babies have
received government encouragement
and aid chiefly during the past decade.
Appropriations are being made for
the support and extension of baby
health centers and home visiting,
notably in Great Britain, France, Bel
GUM and Italy
In England, practically every as
pect of infant and maternity welfare
is covered. Since 1914 that country
has been making grants of so per
cent of approved expenditures on in
fant welfare work done by voluntary
agencies or municipal or county
authorities.
In France subsidies up to 20 per
cent of approved outlay are given to
infant welfare organizations by the
government.
The Belgian government pays half
the cost of health centers and other
health activities.
In 1918-19 Great Britain spent
258,5OO pound sterling of government
funds on infant welfare and in 1918
France appropriated 650,0OO francs
for infant welfare work in addition
to 100000 francs for nursing prem
iums and maternity benefits.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
What Steel Trust Pays

New York-Writing in the New
York World, s. S. Fontaine says that
the average wages paia by the steel
trust per employe last year was 1896
per day. This is exclusive of the gen
eral administrative and selling force,
and if these latter are included, 20.
gether with Judge Gary's salary, the
average would be 81.
Or, in other words, the average
wage of the managers, directors, su-
perlntendents, etc, Of the steel trust,
from Judge Gary down, is only 4
cents a day more than the average
wage paid workers in the mills, ac
cording to Mr.. Fontaine.
A Pittsburgh correspondent to the
Evening Post quotes a series of sta
tistics which show an average of 81. 80
day less than the figures of the
New York World correspondent. The
Pittsburgh man writes:
GA reduction from 46 cents to 81
cents an hour reduces the rate for
day form S3.68 to 1926 for eight
hour men; from $500 to $4.O7 for 10
hour men, and from $6.44 to S518
for 12-hour men,"
This is an average of $500 a day
for the old rate, and an average re-
duction to $4.07, for all employees.
This old rate is lower than Mr..
Fontaine's figures after the 20 per
cent cut. He claims the average
wage last year was $6.96. A 20 per
cent reduction from this amount
leaves $5.57, which was only earned
by the 12-hOur men last year, ac-
cording to the other correspondent.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Thieving Railroads
WATERED STOCK DIVIDENS is
GRIPPING NATION
Time to Call a Halt When TranspOr.
tatiOn Costs More Than Growers
Get For Products

Washington-Relief "from the in
tolerable railway rates that have
brought on business stagnation
throughout the country" was urged
by Mr. Capper in a senate speech.
The Kansas lawmaker has introduced
a bill which would repeal the 6 per
cent guarantee to railroad stock
holders.
81 have never known a more
alarming situation, SO far as the
business of the west is concerned" "
he said.
"The people have paid the railroads
nearly $1,0OO,0O0,O00 within the last
few years by way of government
guaranty. On top of that they have
paid higher rail rates, amounting to
from so to 83 per cent.
when railroads get more for haul
ing farm products than the producers
are paid for producing them it is
evident that freight rates are entirely
too high.
"Texas rice growers can ship rice
across the ocean to Liverpool and
from Liverpool back to New York
cheaper than they can ship it by rail
direct from Beaumont, Texas, to
New York
Cotton can be shipped from Gal
weston to Bremen, a distance of 5000
miles, for 35 cents a hundred pounds
But to ship by rail bail of cotton
from the interior of Texas a distance
of 800 miles costs 95 cents hundred
about three times as much.
Spinach, cabbage and onions rot
in the fields of Texas; hay and corn
are wasting in Kansas; fruits are
stacked in California, and hides are
going to waste in all parts of the
country because these products can
not be shipped over American rail
roads at profit.
"Mr. President, nothing is going to
be gained by maintaining rail rates
at a point which makes the railways
too expensive for the people to use.
"The way out is to encourage the
people to use the railroads by max
ing it possible for them to ship
goods and travel; to give business
chance to create more business.
Theer is no profit in rusting rails for
anybody"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20

progressive farm paper. The mem
bers of the House were frightened
and requested by vote of 70 to %,
that the bill be returned from the
Senate, where it was being considered
The Senate, controlled by reaction
aries, refused to comply with this de-
mand and the Objectionable bill was
passed.
Gov. Nate Kendall, who was relied
upon to do what the interests wanted,
promptly vetoed the measure, which
was a hard blow to the reactionaries.
He was told that he was digging his
political grave, but was disturbed not
a bit, calmly remarking that it would
be an illustrious grave.
The reverse Of this picture, as
presented by Pennsylvania and New
York, is not so pleasant.
More than a dozen progressive
measures have been removed from
the law books of Pennsylvania, which
has practically reverted to the con-
dition that obtained 25 years ago.
Every law providing for nonpartisan
elections has been repealed and the
judiciary and municipal Offices have
returned to the political pie counter.
The workers sustained their mos
serious reverse when the full-crew
bill was repealed, depriving 1900 men
of employment and removing safe
guards for the general public This
leaves this question exactly where it
was 16 years ago, when the first at
tempt to secure its enactment failed.
Among the bills passed by the legis-
lature of New York, in spite of the
opposition of labor, were the fol-
lowing: Amendments to the labor
law to permit women to be employed
at metal polishing; allowing women
to work all night in printing plants;
authorizing the payment Of wages by
check; permitting construction of
water works without regard to the
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Get Kind of Government They Deserve
By Charles NJ. Kelley

What actually happens when pro-
ducers take an active, intelligent in
terest in politics and what they may
expect when they fail to do so are
emphasized by the records made by
the four outstanding State legis-
misunderstanding because two of
them were made up in large part of
progressive members and the other
two were dominated by "hard-boiled'
reactionaries, controlled by selfish
business and political interests.
In New York and Pennsylvania
scores of progressive laws, secured
after years of struggle, have been
wiped off the statute books and evil
laws substituted In Iowa and Wis
consin, where the workers and farm
ers co-operated in political effort and
stood guard in defense of popular
rights and liberties, reaction was
checked and turned back.
The moral is that the people get
exactly the kind of government they
deserve.
In Wisconsin, where the general
assembly is winding up it's term,
efforts were made to get through
some characteristic reactionary pro-
posals, but all failed.
In Iowa the farmers and workers
made brave fight last fall and while
they did not defeat Senator Cummins
or elect their candidate for governor,
they did secure a substantial repre-
sentation in the legislature and by
their brilliant and aggressive cam
paign put the fear of God in the
hearts of weakened reactionaries.
One incident strikingly, illustrates
this point. The lower house of Iowa
had approved a public utilities bill
containg joker, extending indefi-
nitely the life of oublic utility fran
chises. 1t was caught by Senator
Brookhart in the Senate and exposed
by the Iowa Homestead, courageous,
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Depression World Wide

Worldwide business
depression is indicated by monthly
reports from commercial attaches
and trade commissioners in foreign
countries, according to the govern
ment's bureau of foreign and omestic
commerce.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Huge Steel Profits

New York-The Cambria Steel Co.
reports clear profit in 1920 of $9,-
893,116. This is equal to 22.2 per cent
on the capital stock. Profits in 1919
were 93 per cent on the capital stock,
and ST. per cent in 1917.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Painters Hold Wages

Kansas City, Mo.-Three locals of
painters and paperhangers in this
city have renewed their wage agree
ment with employers. Last years
rates and working conditions will
prevail.
Bloomfield, N. IA strike of
painters in this vicinity has been
avoided by contractors agreeing to a
wage rate of So day.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
BARRIERS Join Union

Indianapolis-Officers of the Jour
neymen Barbers' International union
report the issuance of these recent
charters: Slick and Hugo, Okla.
Staten Island, N. Y; The Dalles, Ore.
Mckinney and Bay City, Texas; Dan
vile, Clifton Forge and Charlottes-
vile, Va.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
BARRIERS Avoid Strike

St. Paul, Minn.-The citizens al
lance failed to check a wage agree
ment between BARRIERS and employers,
The new contract calls for $25 week
and SO per cent of all receipts over
$35. Former working conditions will
continue.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Lawyers GOuge Workers

Newark, N. War on lawyers
who gouge injured workers has been
declared by Deputy Commissioner of
Labor Goas. The official says the
states compensation bureau is for
the purpose of aiding these workers,
who are victims Of systematic
scheme to eXtort fees.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Will Examine Employees

Harrisburg, Pa.-Governor Sproul
has signed the Miller bill requiring
every person employed in hotels, res
taurants, dining cars and public eat
ing places in this state to obtain a
physicians certificate showing free
dom from infectious or contagious
diseases.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Reueal Full Crew"

Harrisburg, Pa.-Governor Sproul
has signed the bill which repeals the
railroad full crew law The full crew
law was passed by the state legis-
lature a few years ago in spite of de
termined opposition by the railroads.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Builders Hold Line

Charleston, w. Va. = The Con-
tractors association has renewed it's
agreement with the building trades
council. The 44-hour week and last
years wage rates will continue.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Paper Makers Gain

Glen Falls, N. Y.-The Finch Pruyn
company, one Of the largest paper
manufacturers in the country, has
signed an agreement with organized
paper makers. Last years wages
and working conditions will be re-
tanned.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Heads Labor Board

Chicago-Judge R. M. Barton has
been reelected chairman Of the rail-
way labor board. He represents the
public on the board, and was recently
reappointed by the president.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Fur Workers Gain

San Francisco-The Fur Workers
union has secured a new agreement
which raises rates and continues the
44-hour week.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
GENERAL LABOR NEWS
Short Items Gathered For Benefit of
Hasty Readers
Abolish Civil Service

Albany, N. Y.-Despite objections
by organized labor Governor Miller
has signed a bill which practically
abolishes civil service rules in the re-
organized state industrial commission
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
Brewing Company Signs

Newark, N. J. Stationary en-
gineers employed by the Ballentine
Brewing company have secured a
wage scale of $45 for six-day week.
The fremen's contract calls for $40
week.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1921-05-20
WHAT LABOR IS DOING
Wage Increases and Progress Made
Throughout the Country
Bakers Raise Wages

Baltimore - Organized bakers in
this city have secured a new agree
ment which provides for wage in
creaseS.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
Friday, February Is, 1921
Silesia News

TIE monthly meeting of the Broad
Greek Citizens Association was held
Saturday. February II, 1921, at the
Silesia School. There was large at
tendance and several new members
enrolled. Road problems were discuss-
ed, the treasurer's report was submit
ted, and committee OF three was ap-
pointed to provide better lighting facil-
tiles for the school. The Association
recently purchased a piano which is
not only to be used for its entertain
ments, but also to .give the school
children an opportunity to receive
musical instruction. The main topic
under discussion Was the proposed con-
solidation of the schools at Friendly and
Silesia and other schools in the vicinity
that may express desire to join. Mr..
E. S. Burroughs, County Superintend-
ent of Schools, recently addressed an
audience of residents of this
and neighboring communities on the
question of consolidated schools, set
ting forth in detail their advantage, as
sources of education, over oneroom
structures, and the procedure to OBJ
tain such schools. Saturdays meeting
was pronounced success, and closed
with community singing.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
BREVITIES

Mr. Harry Buck. one of our leading
merchants, is at home sick.
Mrs. L. A. Griffith, of this town
is visiting her son, DIR. F. Webb Grif
| fifth. of Asheville, North Carolina.
Services at the Church of the Atone
ment during Lent-Friday evenings al
I'd. m. Holy Communion on End Sun
dav of each month at II a. M, other
Sundays at p. m. All Invited.
Mr.. Arthur,,L. Vickers. Deputy Col
lector, will be in Upper Marlboro at
the Court House, February 81 to %, in
elusive, for the purpose of assisting
1920 tax payers to make their returns.
Miss Juliet Phelps Bowie. aged
twelve years, eldest daughter of Mr..
and Mrs. Booth Bowie, of the Forest,
died in Baltimore on Saturday last.
Funeral services were held Monday at
2:3O p. M, at "Fairview'
The good open weather has enabled
many farmers to do lots of ploWlng.
Such mild winter, with practically 20
snow whatever, is hardly within the rec
objection of our oldest residents.
"A very sad funeral was that of
Mrs. C. w. Mitchell which was held at
Trinity Church yesterday morning at
eleven o'clock. Her death occurred
Monday evening at their home near
here. Mrs. Mitchell was a most in
dustrious woman, devoted to her fami-
ly, and beloved by her neighb RS. To
her large family we extend our ssin-
cere sympathy.
AT the session of Court Appeals on
Friday last. Mr.. Francis Magruder
Hall was duly admitted to the practice
of law in all the courts of Maryland.
The attorneys oath was administered
to him by C. C. Magruder, Clerk of
the Court of Appeals and he thereupon
signed the Test Book of that Court, as
an attorney at law. We congratulate
him and wish him a successful career
IN the practice of his profession.
"A fair sized crowd of tobacco grow
ers attended The meeting of the Mary
and Tobacco Growers Association in
the Court House here on Friday last.
The meeting was called to.order by Mr..
A. T. Robinson, who introduced the
new manager of the Association,
George l. Gardiner, who made an ad-
iress, followed by Ex-Congressman
Thomas Parran, Clarence M. Roberts,
w. Mitchell Digges. The keynote of
each speaker was more members.
They claimed that if every grower
would join the Association, a much
better price awould be received for
5heir product, especially the inferior
grades. We believe that every man
who grows tobacco should join the As
sociation.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
Then and No W

Do you remember the days before
we had telephones or automob les, the
days before the movie came into exist
ence, the days when electric lights were
used only in public buildings and in
homes of the very rich? They're not
SO far back in the dark ages at that.
Scarcely generation, in fact.
When the modernizing changes did
take place, the cities were the frs: t.
benefit. First the telephone, which
put Offices and factories, business places
in generally and many private homes,
into easy communication with eacE
other. Then electric lights, spreading
with the telephone from stores and
public buildings to private residences
Next the autombile, beginning with the
old ''one-lungers" that chugged along
the streets and stalled frequently and
at the most inconvenient places. And
last of all movies, which have grown t.
present proportions from the "nickle
theater" beginning. While all of these
things came first to CITY people, it is
gratifying to note that they are now
nearly as common in the country as in
town.
Telephone lines were extended quite
rapidly, until .now practically every
farm house is in easy communication
with neighbors and with the city A
great Improvement over the days when
it was necessary TO hitch up and drive
several miles III order to deliver short
message or transact some simple busi-
ness. Then, as soon as the ausomo-
bile had been proved prac tica!, as 500
as there Was a fair chance of exDecting z
it to run several miles without attend
tion and to get along without constant
repairs, it was.taken up rapidly by the
farmer, until today there is scarcely a
farm without its Car and many with
trucks and tractors as well.
Electric Hghgs and the movies were
late in coming to the country, but their
day has finally arrived. The farm cleo
trio plant has been developed to the
point where it gives complete electric
service-light every where and plenty OF
power for pumping, milking, separating
sewing machine, washing, sweeping
and other kinds of farm work And
these same plants have made possible
moyie theaters in every country village
Electricity is the force which has
placed the country even with the city's
enjoyment of every modern conven
ience.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
ST. Day Scale Adopted By Farmers In
Kent

A massmeeting of farmers was held
in William Smith Hall, Washington
College. Kent county, recently. The
purpose of the meeting was to discuss
farm labor.
A scale of wages considered fair both
to farmers and laborers was recon-
mended as follows:
A standard days work on farm to
be from sun-up ito sun-down, laborer
to be ready to go to work at sun-up
and finish his work at sun-down.
The maximum wage for month la
borer to be $25 month, with board
and keep for laborer's horse, or $50 a
month with board and no keep for the
horse.
The maximum wage for a day la
borer for regular farm work I'd be 81
a day and board.
The maximum Wage for day labor
er for special farm work to be So day
and board, special farm work to be con-
strued to mean cstting wheat, harvest
ing hay, filling silo and cutting corn.
The wage for husking corn to be 25
cents barrel, without board.
The maximum wage for woman S
work in a farmhouse kitchen, including
washing, to be SIS month, or $40
month without washing.
The maximum wage for day work
in the kitchen for a woman to be rs
cents.
When laborer is from one-half to
one hour late his brel kfast is to be
forfeited. -
The chairman was directed to ap-
point committees IN each section of the
county to.place these recommendations
before the farmers for their accept
ance or rejection.
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
Notice of
Annual Levy
Office of County Commissioners
Upper Marlboro, Mo,

Office of County Commissioners
Upper Marlboro, Mo,
February s, 1921.
'NHE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
L of Prince Georges county, will be
IN session on
TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY AND
THURSDAY
March 1st. 2nd and BIRD, 1921
forthe purpose of adjusting all the ac-
counts against the county, preparatory
o the Annual Levy. All accounts
.gainst the county mnst be typewriter
nd pro gerly aathen icated and filed at
ne Office of the County Commissioners
on or before
THE 1ST DAY OF MARCH, 1891,
aud if not flied, will not De considered
in the Levy
By order of the Board:
JOHN T. FISHER, Clerk
The Prince George's enquirer and southern Maryland advertiser., 1921-02-18
AG1orious Tradi-
ton is the
Spring Hat

Every year comes the
fresh new pleasure Of So
lecting Spring Millinery,
every year the delightful
query of whether it shall be
feathers or flowers, a large
or q small one. This sea-
sons modes are charming.
It is not q moment too early
to select the Hat for your
suit, the Hat for sports
wear and the Hat to accom-
pany lively frocks. Sailor,
of-the-face and close fitting
turban styles that are in de-
mand.