Evening star., 1921-11-23
INVASION BY SOVIET
BIG BLOW TO CHINA
Refusal to Give Up Outer
Mongolia Adds New Com
pIication to Problems.
BY PAUL SCOTT MOwRER.

A new complication has suddenly
arisen in the already wellnigh mex
tricable China question. Complete
confirmation has just been received
that the soviet Russian troops who
entered Outer Mongolia last July to
oppose the Russian adventurer, Baron
Ungern, have remained there. and are
exercising the actual authority. under
the cloak of so-called Mongolian
soviet. They are not only there, but
Chtcherin. Russian commissary for
are going to stay there. At his in
stigation. the Monaghan soviet gov
ernment" has declared its independ.
ence of China. Outer Mongolia has
seemingly fallen completely into the
thus, for the first time in its brief
but bloody history. has extended it's
sway over territory never included in
the old Russian empire.
Thinks Highly of Dependency.
This is undoubtedly a hard blow for
China. which thinks so highly of its
Mongolian dependency that the day
when Monaghan autonomy was abro-
gated, in 1917, was declared a Chinese
national holiday. Thus, not only Is
Britain backing the independence
movement which threatens to lose
Tibet to China: not only is Japan
frmly intrenched in Manchuria and
!Gner Mongolia. but now soviet Russia
has seized upon Outer Mongolia. Vast
areas OF China's former territory bid
fair to be lost forever. Britain and
Japan are now present in Washington,
and. II they like. can enter into agree
ments which will preserve China's
sovereignty over Tibet, Manchuria and
Inner Mongolia. But soviet Russia is
absent. Who in Washington would
venture to undertake the job of ex-
pelling the soviet troops who now oc-
cupy Urgar the seat of the Outer Mon
golian government? The conference
In attempting to deal with this prob
lem.
Moscow Toying for Months.
Various past events support the idea
that Moscow has been toying for
months with the idea Of extending its
power into Mongolia. 1t was not un-
til Baron Ungern. backed. it is said.
by Japan. entered Mongolia with a
motley force Of adventurers. expelled
the tll-organized Chinese soldiery and
established himself IN Urga, where he
OF the Mongolian religion. "the living
BudSha.' that the Russian soviets
found their opportunity. In response
to an appeal" from "the provisional
government Of Mongolia" that is to
say, from certain malcontents with
whom the soviet agents had intrigued
In Urga. soviet Russian troops, to the
numbef of 10000. advanced into Mon
golia, met and defeated Ungern, who
was captured. and set UP a soviet gov
ernment. supposedly Mongolian. but
really a puppet in their hands. I'm
say. executed: but others say that he
has been sent to Moscow for q more
formal trial. The soviet Russian gar
rison in Urga has apparently been
fixed ct about 1000, at which figure it
now stands.
Russia's intentions were first ex-
pressed In note. about August IL,
1921, from Chitcherin to the peoples
revolutionary government of Mongo-
lila, guaranteeing the free develop
ment" Of the Mongolian people on a
basis of autonomy and Of 'the organ
ization of a machinery of popular rev.
olutionary authority"
The puppet revolutionary govern
Inent. which the soviet troops set UP
in Urga, declared Mongolia's inde-
pendence Of China in q document pub
lished about October and addressed
to all countries. Recalling how Mon
golian autonomy was established by
the kiakhta agreement OF 1915, be-
tween Russia, China and Mongolia.
and how this autonomy was abrogated
Dy Cnlna IN 1871, the document goes
on to relate that the Chinese troops
having fed without offering resist
ance to Baron Cngern, the Mongolians
themselves, aided by the government
of soviet Russia. arose and expelled
Ungern's followers and established a
peoples government"
This government will not. however, I'M
dertake any hostile acts against China,
the document proceeds. "on condition
that China ceases to interfere in any
way with Mongolian independence.
The document IL signed "Bodo." premier
and minister OF foreign affairs of the
peoples Mongolian government.
Moscow at Root.
Reliable reports received by certain
delegations In Washington confirm that,
beneath the usual bolshevist verbiage
Of Independence and democracy, it is
really soviet Russia-it is really Mos
COW. which, by means Of its troops,
Yields the real power today in Urga,
conflscating. making and enforcing laws
and rules. even seixing gifts of cattle
for shipment to Russia. Another "state"
Is thus added to the Russian soviet fed
eration." watch already includes the
Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia and the
Azerbaidjan; and another problem is
added to the long list which faces the
delegates to the Washington conference.
Copyright, 1921