davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1921-03-13
Is Germany Counting on Us!

The Republique Franchise, Paris,
calls attention to the many evidences
that German government officials are
counting strongly on President Hard
ing's sympathy to get them out OF
some of their obligations under the
Versailles treaty. The paper believes
that Mr.. Harding will recognize that
the unsatisfactory situation in
Europe is largely the fault of his pre-
decessor and that he will not there
fore seek to correct Mr.. Wilson's
mistakes at the expense OF France.
The writer says:
many in despair puts her hopes in
America. In 1916. already. tired of
the war she appealed for the media
ton Of Mr. Wilson. This having
failed, she decided to start unre-
stricted submarine warfare. which
finally decided the United States to
join our side. In October, 1918, at
last conquered, our enemy held on to
Mr.. Wilson's fourteen points as
drowning man clutches life buoy.
All the same, they had to submit to
the armistice of November IL, 1918.
and the treaty Of June 2S. 1919.
To-day. in order to escape the con-
sequences of defeat and to elude the
Versailles stipulations and the Paris
decisions. DR.. Simons says, at Carls-
ruhe, that he is counting on the turn
which relations will take between
the United States and Germany
I'VE do not think that Mr.. Harding
will be disposed, in spite of the So
licitations of the pro-Germans in the
United States, to answer the des-
perate appeal Of DR.. Simons very IA
vorably. He knows very well that
any steps taken by him in the sense
of the Carlsruhe speech would result
in increasing the bad faith OF the
Germans and melting them to throw
Off the mask and disown the sigma
ture which they affixed to the treaty
of Versailles. We are quite con-
WINGED that Harding would never en-
courage a people any more than an
Individual, to break his given word
and to change a treaty into scrap
of paper. ~ IN, cermanv-|
according to DR.. Simons-in the east
where a new soviet attack in the
srr;np against Poland would just suit
tha Reich. and in America where Mr.
Hsrding's coming into office may be
the signal for q change of front raw
orshIe to the former Hohenzollern
ut is Mr.. Wilson's fault" concludes
tho writer. that we have an imper-
feet treaty and a defective frontier.
II is impossible that his successor
Ion think of preventing US to gather
the miserable fruit of dearly bought
victory
Evening star., 1921-03-13

4 S result of the war. the
~ United States has moved
~ to the forefront among the
nations of the world en-
gagged in foreign commerce. Real
izinS that domestic. financial and
commercial stability depend in
large measure on the sale of our
surplus goods abroad. leading
bankers and business men of the
country are trying to devise means
of financing our exports.
Under the leadership of the
American Bankers Association
and with the Endorsement of the
Chamber Of Commerce of the Unit
ed States. an effort is being made
to organize hundred million dol
lar corporation. to be known as
the Foreign Trade Financing Cor
poration. which. under the Edge
law, could finance exports to the
extent of billion dollars.
Committees have been organized
in all of the principal cities of the
country to take charge of this
work. The committees represent
banking. commercial and financial
interests. The Washington COM
mittee consists of II. H. Mckee.
president of the National Capital
Bank; E. l. Stock of +. L. Stock &
Co, and Gray Silver. American
): X K X
There is a very grave danger,
according to Mr.. Stock, that the
attempt to get the corporation 60
ing will fail unless the public
comes to a realization of the ex-
tent to which its interests are in
volved and supports the bankers
and business men in the movement
that is now under way.
This is a thing" said Mr.. Stock,
"in which every man, woman and
child in the country is concerned.
whether he knows it or not. Only
why should I be interested in
foreign trade? MY business has
nothing to do with exports or i'm
ports
"'You may think you are not in
terested,' l said, but if you will
stop to think you will realize that
you are. When you sat down to
breakfast this morning your cof-
fee and sugar and perhaps your
grapefruit came from abroad.
The chances are that the shoes
you wore down to your Office were
made from foreign leather, just
as it is likely the suit you have
on was made from Australian
wool. Your shaving brush prob
ably was made from imported
bristles, and the rug in your hall
Evening star., 1921-03-13
To Be or Not to Be-ALibrarian

gests scathingly that the larger
part OF the wages Of the librarian
are evidently psychic!
is it not curious anomaly that
in a country recognized all over
the world as leading in library
facilities and library methods,
whose library schools have a
large quota of foreign students
who are trained hero in order to
introduce American methods into
their own countries, that our own
people apparently cannot follow
the calling because the salaries
are 20 disproportionate to the edu-
cation and training demandedr'
1T have always wanted to take
up library work but I could not
live on the salary paid.' is a re-
mark made to US frequently. With
the many interesting careers now
open to women there has been a
great decrease in the number of
persons taking up librarianship."
X + +
why do Librarians stay in a
profession which has SO small a
financial reward" DR.. Bowerman
was asked.
Because" he said, 'lt is our
belief that this condition is tenn
porary. There has been a marked
improvement in the library SAL
aries paid throughout the country
in the last two years; and Amer
leans care too much for educa-
tional opportunities to starve Ii
braries to the point Of extinction.
AS soon as the conditions are
properly understood by the gen.
eral public they are improved and
a better salary scale is introduced.
We cannot believe that where
there are SO many expressions of
appreciation of the real value Of
library service in community
that better salaries will not be
speedily forthcoming. If you
could hear what is said to us
daily by persons whom we are
able to help. you would feel hope
full, too. For instance, there is
scarcely day when some teach
er does not say that she simply
could not teach without the as
sistance the library furnishes her,
and business men say repeatedly
that the information service the
library affords is worth every
thing to them in connection with
their daily work. From rich and
poor. well educated and little edu-
Gated people. these expressions of
appreciation are endless.
Libraries, as at present con-
Quoted. you must remember, are
of comparatively recent growth.
SO that it is not strange that
there has been a period of small
salaries: but libraries are on the
map now and we all look for i'm.
proved salaries as q recognition
Of their value to the community"
Evening star., 1921-03-13
William ]. GALLAGHER.

For nearly fifty years William ].
Gallagher served The Star faithfully
and valuably, as messenger boy, as
apprentice, as printer. Yesterday he
died after . brief illness. in the forty.
ninth year Of his service.
In q complex organization often the
most important tasks are those as.
signed to the humblest and least
known individuals. Mr.. Gallagher
wsst at one of those points of vital
consequence. yet little known outside
o1 the of1ice. He had seen The Star
gr1V from a four-page paper to its
present size. He had seen it pass
Through the evolution to machine
composition. He had seen the old
rat presses replaced by the per.
fsSthg web presses. And he had
grown with the paper. Upon him
rested in late years in large degree
the responsibility for the closest DOS
sible approach to typographical cor.
rectness. and in discharging that re-
sponsibility he manifested an extraor
binary degree Of alertness and a re-
riarkable memory. upon which those
associated with him learned to depend
for guidance.
Beloved by his associates, highly re-
spected by all who knew him, Mr.
Gallagher 10 mourned a. q friend BY
those responsible for the publication
Of The Star. in the development and
success Of which he from boyhood to
manhood took pride.
Evening star., 1921-03-13
~ II Y. what headpieces
nn them library ladies
must have to know

II Y. "hdC nedUpieCes
M them library ladies
vi must have to know
everything in them
books" burst from woman OF
foreign birth as she watched
librarian assist her high school
daughter and other seekers after
knowledge.
Though this may be a more
hattering opinion Of their INTEL
lectual attainments than the
librarians themselves would care
to claim, it is not generally recog-
nized how high the qualifications
are for library work and how
much education and professional
training is demanded. No one. 1t
seems, may enter the ranks of a
modern library staff without a
full academic high school course
and for advanced positions partial
or full college courses are re-
ouired, including knowledge OF
one or more languages. Added to
this there must be one or more
wears of special training in library
technique. Moreover. the libra
rian must have unusual personal
qualifications adapted to public
service. which requires tact and
an understanding of the individual
needs of readers.
"It Is necessary" the chief libra
rian Of the Public Library told the
reporter, that members of our
staff should have the most thor
oush training, since library work
is primarily educational. When
ono realizes that the books issued
annually from the press are legion.
that much of the most valuable ma
terial is only available in ephemeral
form, and how much the tastes Of
over $4,000 registered readers neces-
sarily vary. one gets some idea OF
the magnitude of the task Of library
work which. in a nutshell. consists
of fitting the right books to the in
dividual needs of readers. There is,
of course, large amount of routine
work incidental to this end, but the
object Of it all is to supply in
Quirers with desired information and
that calls for years of education,
training and experience.
In spite of the growth OF our
our work. we find it increasingly
difficult to attract competent per-
sons owing to our low salary scale.
In fact, we are placed in rather an
ironical position in interviewing ap-
plicants. since we require very high
qualifications and offer salary less
than would be paid day laborer.
x X =
$50 notoriously low are library
salaries that a national lawmak-
er said last year that he thought
the library schools must give spe-
cial COURSES in how to live on
nothing a year; and some one sug-
Evening star., 1921-03-13
Millions of Books.

Whether the 1900, 900 books that
are available in the District Of Co
lumbia to public use constitute the
largest single assemblage Of volumes
in the world, the fact stands as an
impressive proof that Washington is
a notable book center. These 7,600.-
600 volumes are located in about ITS
different libraries. half Of the total
number belonging to the government
and the others to associations, schools
and other semi-public institutions.
These figures, brought forward at
q recent meeting OF the District
Library Association, are impressive.
A city that has books worth from
SIS. .ooo, 900 to $50, 100000 is rich indeed.
A city that has more than seven and
a half million books available for pub.
lie reading and reference is remark
ably equipped. Probably few Wash
ingtonians realize just how abundant
this wealth Of information is here at
the capital. For many years, indeed,
they were actually In effect deprived
of library facilities. The Library of
Congress was open for circulation
purposes to but very few. There
was no adequate public circulating
collection. That lack has now been
supplied in the Public Library, and
the general use Of the Library OF Con.
gress has immensely increased since
the transfer Of that collection to the
commodious new building 1t now oc.
cupies.
Many students ana researchers and
writer's have chosen Washington for
Evening star., 1921-03-13
DIGEST OF FOREIGN PRESS

! two great clans, Satsuma and Chosu.
! has broken out again, this time over
the engagement of his Imperial High,
ness Hirohito. crown prince of Japan!
to the Princess Nagako. daughter. of
Prince Kuniyoshi.
| Pretty eighteen-year-ol Nagako
is daughter Of Satsuma blood. Nat
urally it behooved the great ones of
| Chosu, headed by Prince Yamagata,
to lodge their protest. Strengthen
Satsuma with a royal marriage?
Never! The bones of a thousand
| leng-dead Chosu Samurai would turn
in their graves.
All of which is very interesting and
typically Japanese. Yamagata's pro-
test has been Quashed; the overbear-
ing Chosu leader will resign from the
council of elders: Satsuma and
Chosu will sleep peacefully in their
beds. The word of the Tenno (whom
Europeans will call the Mikado) has
gone forth. The heaven-born has
spoken. The marriage will take
place. And-there you are.
Now take glance back over the
years. Forget that Japan ever
owned dreadnaught. Dismiss
thoughts of Shakespearean plays in
Tokio-look, in fact, on Toxic as il
was in the days when Yedo was it's
name and Samurai swashbuckled
down her streets, two-sworded and
proud.
The emperor in those days was
(court nobles), and then only through
a bamboo screen. He entered noe
at all in the politics of the nation.
That function devolved on the sho-
gun, the virtual ruler of Japan. and
it was to the shogun-the lord of all
the feudal princes-that Satsuma and
Chosu would complain-after they
had fought.
Satsuma in those days was a mighty
clan. At the call of those two
Daimyo ten thousand sword scab-
bardS, lacQuered and reverenced, gilt
tered in the morning sun. The noun
tain passes scintillated of nights with
the fiaring torches of the clan rum
ners, two-sWorded and painting, car:
rying their messages of war and
blood to the smaller lords and head
men of the villages. Day and night
bodies of Samurai, armed to the teeth
in their crab-like, lacQuered steel.
swarmed to the castles of their lords.
PROFESSIONS of them thronged the
Tokaido and the Kisokadio-the great
highways of Japan: professions
headed by fierce swordsmen iron
war fans at their sides, clearing the
way with their shouts Of: "Shita no
iro! Shita no iro.-Bow down! Bow
dowuv--for none save the Samurai
might stand when the great ones
swept by.
All! Those far-on days, when Sa-
tsuma fought Chosu; when father lay
dying on mis- sons breast, and the
finest blood in all Yamato dimmed
the blades OF those wonder swords,
the katana of the Samurai, forged as
no European smith could ever forge
sharp, true and glittering.
Today those swords rest peaceful in
their scabbards. The glass cases OF
the museums of Toxic house the
blades of Saigo Takamori. the herp
of Satsuma, and Minamoto Yoritomo,
the first shogun of Japan.
Yamagata of Chosu wears modern
tailored clothes today. At the word
of the Tenno. Satsuma is silent;
Chosu bows consent. -
Ledo Is no more. y.
Where the sun flashed on helm and
breastplate but fifty years ago fA0b
trans now clang their way. -
Evening star., 1921-03-13
Feudal Japan.

1t is hard to realize that SIX years
after America had concluded the nrst
great struggle in which modern
trench warfare played an important
part and Europe was recovering
from the havoc of Bismarck's bloody
fighting machine. Japan was still wit
Messing the conflicts of armored
knights and crossword men. This
fact. and the truism that Nippon. de-
spite her modern dreadnaughts, her
railways and her woman Suffrage. Is
still old Japan beneath the surface.
is pointed out by writer In the
London Express.
The old, old rivalry between those
Evening star., 1921-03-13
1920 and 1924.

Thomas Taggart, as a candidate for
the United States Senate a victim last
November of the republican cyclone,
says in an interview:
"If the democrats will take care of
themselves for a little while, the re-
publicans will make circumstances
vide all the recognizing necessary.
All we have to do is to do our duty
to the country, properly help the ad-
ministration where 1t should be help
ed and in 1929 we will be in fine
shape. l do not think the democratic
now. II we do this. If the papers
keep the people fairly advised. my
judgment is that in 1924 the demo-
cratic party will come back as strong
If not stronger than the republica n
party did last year. 1 firmly believe
this"
Would the country benefit from such
an overwhelming triumph by the
democrats in 1924 as the republicans
achieved last year? How 30? If, as
Mr.. Taggart seems convinced. the re-
publicans are going to fail signally
to improve their opportunity, how
could the democrats hope to improve
theirs? And should they fail too,
what would be left but still another
swing back to the republicans, and
another failure?
AS everybody knows, last years
abnormal majority grew out Of
abnormal conditions. The country's
affairs had reached a sort Of chaos.
Great numbers Of men and women
voted more to end something than to
start something. They were tired Of
what had come to be known as Will
sonism. So, to get rid Of it, they turn
ed to the other side. Anything, they
seemed to think, would be an i'm
provement on what then was.
Mr.. Taggart thinks these men and
women made a mistake: that they will
correct it three years hence, and be
supported by large numbers Of men
and women who that year will be
eager to get rid Of something.
Dropsicai majoFities are not good
sign in this country. AS already
stated. they are an evidence Of the
abnormal. What We want to do is to
end this and return to what Mr.. Hard
ing describes a. normally. Violent
swings Of the pendulum should not
occur often, however natural and
necessary they are at times.
Evening star., 1921-03-13
Too Busy for Jail,

The other morning the keeper Of
the Pickens county. Ala. Jail, on max.
iig his rounds. found one of his guests
uaisains. A man who had been ar.
rested on . charge Of forgery had
taken French leave by means not ex.
planned. But he was polite. He left
a'"P r. c." card. 20 to speak. On his
buAk vas . note which read: I'm
too busy to be wasting my time here" {"
Which inspires the reflection that a
Sfeat deal Of time IL wasted" in pris-
Oh. In most cases people who have
6sep arrested for some crime or mis-.
aez.aaaee ara held in idleness await.
iil trisl or even serving sentences.
TAW hsys nothing to do. In the peni-
Ssskiastss thsy ere put to work at
Evening star., 1921-03-13
POLITICS AT HOME
A Hoosier City's Distinction.

Secretary DENLY Is a native of
Evansville. Ind, a city of seventy or
eighty thousand people, situated on
the Ohio river midway between the
falls of that stream, at Louisville. KY,
and it's mouth, at Cairo. Ill. This is
the first cabinet Office the place has
drawn in the lottery of politics. but
it has the distinction of furnishing
two of the most successful diplomats
the country has known in half a cen
tury.
One of these men was Charles
DENLY, the father of Secretary DENLY,
a leader of the bar in southern In
diana for many years. Indifferent to
the honors of office during that time,
but who when advanced in life ac-
cepted appointment as minister to
China, and served in the post for
twelve years-through the two Cleve-
land administrations and one Harri-
son administration. He developed a
decided talent for diplomacy, and if
living would be an ideal man for the
work at Peking today.
The other man was John w. Foster.
long a resident Of Washington, and
who died only few years ago. He
early developed talent for politics.
served with great success as lieu
tenant Of Oliver P. Morton, and in
1873 received as the reward for brill
liant work done in the Grant cam
paign Of the previous year the ap-
pointment as minister to Mexico From
that post he was transferred to Spain.
and from Spain to Russia. In all
three posts and also in his short serv-
ice as Secretary of State. he made
an excellent record. Later, he wrote
on diplomacy, and the work ranks
among the ablest and most readable
of American contributions to the sub
ject.
Col. DENLY and Col. Foster, as they
were called-Col. Foster, though, in
the civil war reached the rank of
brigadier general-differed as to pol
itics, the former being democrat.
the latter republican, but were
warm personal friends, and members
of the same bar. Both are buried at
Evansville.
Evening star., 1921-03-13

@. How many amendments have oeen
made to the Constitution?
A. Eighteen.
@. What is the distinctive feature OF
the drst ten?
A. Immediately after the Constttu-
tion had been adopted, 1t was felt that
il lacked sufficient safeguards for the
protection of the individual citizen:
These safeguards were incorporated
in the first ten amendments, which
are popularlY known as 1.-The bill OF
rights"
O. What are the important provi-
sions of these ten amendments?
A. The nrst provides that Congress
shall make no Law respecting an estAb-
lishment Of religion or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof. or abridginE the
freedom Of speech or OF the press; or
Evening star., 1921-03-13
A Catechism of the Constitution
BY HENRY LTrCHFIELD WEST.
yssued by the National Security League.
Copyright, 1917
In Twelve Lessons-No. 10.

Of the right Of the people peaceably
to assemble and petition the govern
ment for redress of grievances. The
second declares that the right of the
people to keep and bear arms shall
not be infringed; and the third pro-
tects householders from having SOL
diers forcibly quartered upon them in
time OF peace or in time of war ex-
cept In manner prescribed by law.
Q. What other safeguards are pro-
vided?
A. The fourth amendment provides
that the right of the people to be Sc
cure In their persons. houses. papers
and effects against unreasonable
searches and seisuree shall not be
violated, and no warrants shall issue
but upon probable cause, duly sworn
to, and particularly describing the
place to be searched and the persons
or things to be seized
Evening star., 1921-03-13
Missouri.

Senator Reed spoke Of Champ
Clark AZ the best beloved public man
in his state.
Missouri has always cottoned
strongly to her gifted sons. Thomas
II, Benton was a source Of great pride
to her.
At a later day, and for years. Sen
ators Vest and Cockrell exercised
great influence at home. They were
wholly unlike. Mr.. Vest was ready
and very effective debater. and often
in action. He loved and excelled in,
vigorous cut-and-thrust engagement.
Gen. Cockrell. on the other hand, sell
dom participated in debate. but was
an industrious committeeman, and a
sort Of watchdog Of the Treasury. He
kept close track Of the calendar, and
wanted an explanation Of every money
bill.
Richard p. Bland. "Silver Dick"
was another popular son. Not snowy,
but 2 very earnest, man. he topped
the snowy men at home with ease.
Missouri gave him as strong support
for the democratic presidential NOM
inaton in 1896 as she gave Champ
Clark in 1912.
In 1886 Mr.. Bland was very strong
in the running, but lost in the end to
Mr.. Bryan. In 1904 Gen. Cockrell.
though not q candidate, was voted for
by Mr.. Bryan, who did not want Judge
Parker nominated. In 1912 Mr.. Clark,
put forward by Missouri, developed
wonderful strength, and was defeated
only by the detection Of Mr.. Bryan
and the two.thirds rule.
Missouri is one Of the few states in
the Union without an Official nick
name, though sometimes it has been
called. without apparent reason, the
Bullion state" The Ozark country
is full Of local color. and the people
full Of energy and assertion. How
would the Show Me state answer?
That phrase has obtained wide cir
cul.tion and popularity. and IL strik.
ingly original.