Paragould soliphone., 1921-07-18
FIRST AID METHODS
 IN DROWNING CASES
ARKANSAS GAZETTE)

1 knowledge of proper first aid, local swimming instructors believe The science of physiology teaches that the actual cause of death from supply of pure air to the lungs, and that artificial respiration may often be employed to replenish the lungs to the end that life is saved In this connection advocates of outdoor recreation also are of the opinion that many lives might be saved through wider knowledge of first aid in case of gunshot wounds and burns.
 PRINCIPLES OF ASSASSINATION
 The following principles of resus- citation of drowning persons, pub lished from an authoritive work on life saving, may prove beneficial to this end:
 The first essential is to get the person out of the water and not a moment should be lost before con- mencing artificial respiration. In carrying the victim to shore do not have his face downward. nor his feet higher than his head Loosen the clothing around the neck and chest. See that the throat and mouth are clear of any mucous, sea-weed or other material, so that the air may pass in and out freely; then lay the body face down. The rescuer should then stand astride the vic- tim's body and, leaning forward :. should grasp him with both hands under the waist. He should then straighten up, thereby lifting the center of the body from the ground, the arms and legs remaining on1 the ground In this position a slight shaking will force the water from the lungs, stomach, and throat. After moment of this shaking, lay the body on the ground in position for performing artificial respiration. Always work where there is plenty of fresh air and if there is a crowd of spectators, be sure to keep them well back from the victim.
 ''The Shafer method of artificial respiration is to lay the victim face downward with the head turned to one side and the mouth opened. The upper arms should be put in posi- ton at right angles to the body. The operator should kneel astride or on one side of the victims body. He should place his hands flat in the small of the victims back, on each side of the spine with the thumbs nearly touching, parallel to the spine and pointing toward the head, and with finger spread out on each side of the body over the lowest ribs. He should lean forward, and, keeping the arms straight, steadily allow the weight of the body to fall upon them and so produce a firm downward pressure, which must not be violent, the object being to press downward toward the s III OI uSI tO uCCiSooC thC size of the chest cavity. By this means the air is driven out of the victims lungs Then the operator should immediately swing back ward, releasing the pressure rapid ly but without lifting his hands from the victims body, thus allow ing the ribs to spring back and increase the size of the chest cavity. This pressure and relaxation is re- peated by the operator as he swings his body forward and backward, |12 to 15 times a minute, with out any pause.
 "The pulmoter is an invention that has accomplished wonderful results It is an oxygen-fed machine primarily intended to induce respra- tion by artificial means in persons apparently drowned where breathing has stopped but where there is still vitality. The apparatus initiates mic manner, and the pulsations of the mechanism are so timed that the normal number of respirations | per minute are obtained"
 BURNS, GUNSHOT WOUNDS A first aid treatment of gunsnot | wounds that has been prescribed is as follows:
 | Do not probe for bullet. Swab the entrance and exit with tincture of iodine and apply sterile dress ing. A swabbing with iodine or the application 50 per cent alcohol wet dressing, or peroxide of hydrogen, serves with a gauge dressing Blank cartridge wounds all demand doc- tors care. When the bullet enters the chest or abdomen it is treated as any other punctured wound in those localities.
 In case severe burns the following first aid treatment is prescribed
 before the arrival of doctor: l Remove the clothing by cutting it away If it sticks to the burned
 flesh, cut around it and leave it ad-
 herent. Get the patient ill bed and