davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Americans Take
Motor TRIPS in Cuba

Special Dispatch to TIE NEW YoRK HreaIp
HAVANA, Dec. 24.-President Alfred
Iayas has given attention to the matter
or the public highways, and owing to his
direction most OF the roads leading out
OF Havana have been resurfaced and
placed in excellent condition for motor
ing. Many Of the arriving visitors from
the United States are bringing down
their own automobiles.
AT the Sevilla Hotel from New York
are w. d. Staples, Raymond Inigi, Mr.
and Mrs. c. r. Gregory, Miss Agnes
Marshall, Mr.. and Mrs. j. w. Wagner,
Mr.. and Mrs. v. Longshore Engle. Sam
uel Tomblatt, Miss Adele Livingston,
H. T. Stebbing, Oliver Marsh. Edward
Marvin, John c. Patrick. A. f. Berbade,
w. L. Dolier. DR.. and Mrs. A. Euhhorud.
Louis Wolfang. Mr.. and Mrs. Charles
Conner. Miss Marie ]. Lederer, L. b.
Schneider. Mr.. and Mrs. +. Miller, b. f.
Newberry, +. C. Dittmars. j. II. French
and John II. Hawkinson.
Visitors from other points include Mr.
and Mrs f. A NTcHugh of Oakland,
Cal (; ]. Claude Bedford Of Philadelphia,
Mrs. S. M. Lederer of st. Louis, Mr.. and
Mrs. +. Newman of Saltwater Mimi !;
j. NJ. Rogers of Washington. Mr.. and
Mrs. John c. Craig of Knoxville Tenn. !;
Mr.. and Mrs. W. Il. Engler of Phila-
hSipiliu. anu hTS. ID. r. MeSerNey
and Mr.. and Mrs. T. A. Knudson Of
Chicago. Sam Lewis, Allan Peele and r.
J. O'Reilly of Portland Ore. Charles j.
Lynn and s. K Lilly. Jr.. Of Indian
apolis; Mr.. and Mrs. II. w. Jenkins Of
Chicago. Mr.. and Mrs. J. ]. Shropshire
Of Lexington. Mr.. and Mrs. +. L. New
comb Of Elizabeth, N. j.; Mr.. and Mrs.
e A. Greenbaum of Cleveland C. G..
Catlin Of Detroit Mr.. and Mrs Windsor
Surrevey of Jacksonville, Mr.. and Mrs.
\. y. Pierce of ST. Louis.
Horace Stoneham OF New York ar
rived with a party Of guests on board
his yacht the Casco, and with Mrs.
Stoneham and son, Charles Stoneham.
is at the Sevilla.
Visitors from abroad include r. IT.
Schilling of London. Condesa de Perretti
de la Rosa and Contesse Perretti, r. G..
Abreu, Mr. and Mrs. Rafael Bernal. all
from Paris Edmund Goulding of Lon
don, F. Cugat of Barcelona. T. A. Hus-
sey of London and G. Toyoda Of Toxic.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Carols Sung by
Children on LaWn
at Hot Springs
Santa Claus DasheS Down
Mountain in Sleigh-So-
journers at Resort.

Special Dispatch to THE New York HERALD.
Hot SPRINGS, Va. Dec. 24.-The holi-
days at the Homestead are marked by
a number of old time customs The
great hall is hung with garlands and
decorated with Christmas plants and
flowers At the end OF the hall is placed
a huge fir tree. gay with old fashioned
ornaments.
Last night village children sang carols
on the lawn beside an illuminated fr
tree. and the appearance OF Santa Claus.
who dashed down the mountain side In a
sleigh. modified TO suit the mild climatic
conditions OF this Allegheny valley IN
which snow plays 80 Insignificant a part.
A specially arranged dinner always
marks Christmas Day IN the Homestead.
and a special concert; also very late
film is shown In the theatre.
Mr.. Frederick l. Cox OF the Inter-
state Commerce Commission. who Is con-
valescent after the recent wreck at the
Manhattan Transfer. was Joined on
Thursday by Mrs Cox and their family
for the holiday period.
Mr. and Mrs Carroll w. Laird arrived
early in the week from New York to
pass their honeymoon here. Mr.. and
Mrs. Henry Carson came in on Monday
lFOlI 1r<enWlCn. SOIlI. OlntT dETlNalS
OF the week include Messrs. r. q.
Bryan of New York. Henry Holland of
Boston. John z. Sutliffe of Philadelphia,
Hiram Bingham, J. L. Baker and c. NJ.
Bakewell Of New Haven.
The Baron and Bar roness Rosenkrantz
are to remain at Roseloe until after the
holidays and then will start for New
York to sail early in January on board
the Olympic for France, where they will
pass the winter. principally in Cannes
and Monte Carlo.
Miss Helen Norris, daughter Of Com
mander James Avery Norris and Mrs.
Norris, and who is to be married on
December 28 to Mr.. A. Carlton McKen-
ney, was entertained at tea by Miss
Nancy Cowardin.
Mrs. Zachary Tinker Is remaining at
lakewood until early in January. She
gave luncheon to-day. Mr.. and Mrs.
Samuel B. Bogert Of New York gave a
dinner on Tuesday at Bienvenu.
Mr.. and Mrs. George r. Read were en-
tertained at tea In the Homestead by
Miss Christine w. Biddle before thew
started for New York Miss Biddle
later returned to her home in Philadel-
phia- Mrs. Henry p. Gardner left for
Washington to make a brief visit before
returning to New York. Mr. and Mrs.
Warren Murdock started for New York
by automobile.
Others leaving here were Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry b. March, Mr.. and Mrs. George
X. Hill. Mr.. and Mrs. Vincent F. Mon
talbano. Mr.. and Mrs. John H. Kelly,
Lieut.-Col. Robert Marsh. Messrs. H. I.
White and Frank A. Dillingham; of New
York, Mr.. and Mrs. John Sanders.
Mr.. and Mrs. Eugene Meyer, Jr, and Mr..
Z. f. Fickler of Washington, Mr.. and
Mrs. William II. Sharoe Of Ottawa, Mr..
and Mrs. Robert E. McMath of Ashe-
viNe. N. c., and Mrs. M. E. Marsh Of
Los Angeles.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Weddings and Engagements

Mr.. Perkins Is executive secretary to
Postmaster-General Hays and during
the war served overseas with the 304th
Field Artillery. He Is the son OF the
late George w. Perkins, who was a
member of the firm of J. p. Morgan &
Co. His bride was Miss Linn Merck,
daughter OF Mr.. and Mrs. George Merck
of Llewellyn Park. West Orange. y. j.
Their wedding took place I'm Grace
Church on lower Broadway
Mr.. and Mrs. George B. Wagstaff
when they return from their honeymoon
will make their home In this city. Their
marriage took place last Saturday In
Greenwich, Conn.,. but the small recep-
tion following the ceremony by the Rev.
Lewis r. Streeter. pastor of the John
Street Methodist Episcopal Church, this
city. was held at the home of Mr.. Wag-
staff's brother and sister-in-law, Mr..
and Mrs David Wagstaff, 26 West
Fifty-second street. Mrs. Wagstaff was
Mrs. Dorothy rockingham Arnold,
daughter OF Mr. and Mrs. c. Frederick
rockingham of 81 West Fifty-eighth
street. Mr.. wagstaff IL a son Of the
late Col Alfred wagstaff.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Mead Rushmore
will live at 120 East Forty-ninth street
when they return from their honeymoon.
Their marriage took place last Saturday
in the chapel OF Old Trinity Church, the
Rev. Charles Taggat Steele. a class
mate of the bridegroom. officiating. Mrs.
Rushmore was Miss Virginia T. Odom.
daughter of the late John d. Odom and
Mrs. Odom OF this city. She was given
away by her brother, Mr.. william Odom,
and was unattended. Mr.. Rushmore.
who Is the son OF DIR. and Mrs. Edward
c. Rushmore OF Tuxedo Park. had Mr..
John Munroe for his best man.
In the chapel of st. Bartholomew's
Church on Wednesday evening Miss
Dorothy Britton Longman. daughter OF
Mr.. and Mrs. James Seel Gill Of IA East
Skieth street, was married to Mr..
s<tArt English Kimball. son of Mr. and
Mrs. Walter Kimball of Hood River,
ore. The ceremony was performed by
the Rev. Or. leighton Parks. assisted
by the Rev. Henry Ssttig, rector Of st.
Philips Church, Brooklyn. IL was fol-
lowed by reception at the Hotel
Gotham. after which Mr.. Kimbali and
his bride left for n Southern wedding
trip.
The bride. who was given away by her
brother. Mr.. Tremper Longman, was at
tended by her cousin. Miss Mathilda
Rapelje Smith. Miss Jean Whiting and
Mrs. Tremper Longman. Mr.. Philip
Henry English was best man for his
cousin and the ushers were the Messrs
Harold Kimball English, another cousin
Paul ,Barbeau valle. John Lothrop Priest
and Gordon Hunt Michler.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

there is tea and dancing in the hotel
ballroom. where a huge log fire adds to
the spirit of holiday cheer which pre-
walls.
a large reservation has been made for
the New Years eve celebration. Among
those who are entertaining guests for
the holidays are Senator and Mrs. Will
lam H. Reynolds, Mr.. and Mrs. Russell
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

and elsewhere are taking advantage of
the opportunity of spending the holidays
at the seashore The beach and board
walk have been crowded with prom
enaders. Among the outdoor pastimes
that are being enjoyed are frostfishing
parties. beach fire parties. roller skating
on the boardwalk and golf az the Lido
golf links. In the afternoon ana evening
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

Ellis. Mr.. and Mrs. Elmer L. Smathers.
Mr. and Mrs. Paschael a. Carter. Mr..
and Mrs. Herbert Shaw. Mr. Felix
Isman, Capt Fl. $. Verify. Mrs. Freder-
lex De Costa. Mr.. Edward J. Farrell Mr.
Lawrence J. Tracey, Mr.. and Mrs. John
]. Lawlor. Jr.. Mr.. Frank Tilford. Mr.
Edward +. Croker. Mr.. and Mrs. Charles
APPEL. Mr.. and Mrs. Charles c. Clark
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

BdTeC MCCOSkeT, TO MT. EuWdTQ L. 1OT-
coran. Miss McCosker's father was the
late David McCosker. Mr.. Corcoran Is
the son OF Mr.. and Mrs. Dominic Cor
coran of Mechanicville, n. Y. He nov
is living at the Catholic Club.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ernest A Smith oil
South Orange, n. j., have sent out
invitations for the marriage OF their
daughter, Miss Isabella G. Goff, to Mr..
Manton b. Metcalf. Jr., son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Manton B. Metcalf Of 375 Park
avenue. The wedding will take place
on January 4 In the Church OF the Holy
Communion. Orange Mr.. Metcalf. whd
Is a graduate OF Harvard. class of 1916,
served as Lieutenant in the United
States Flying Corps during the war
He will have for his best man his
brother, Mr. Jesse Metcalf, and for ush-
ers, Mr.. Rove Metcalf. another brother ;
Messrs. Dixon Potter. Theodore Whit
more, Newcomb Baker, Gadis Plum and
Frank Gearhard.
Miss Con- Is the granddaughter OF
Mr. and Mrs. Lyman B. Goff of Provi.
dence, r. l.
Tn marriage of Miss Joanna W. De
Bevoise to Mr.. Charles V. Lott, will
take place on Thursday In Elmhurst.
the Rev. DR.. Clearwater officiating. Miss
De Bevoise Is a member of one OF the
oldest families on Long Island Hef
father, Mr.. William g. Dc Bevoisc,
comes from family that was among
the original settlers OF the Astoria Sec
tion. and her mother. who was Cornelia
Rapalje. comes from n family long
established in Newtown.
Miss Josephine Sutphin, daughter Of
Mrs. Joseph II. Sutphin OF so Prospect
Park West, Brooklyn, will be married
70 Mr.. Frederick Gum Brinsmade or
Tuesday. January 8, at the home OF
her mother. The ceremony will be Of
o'clock Mr.. Brinsmade Is the son
of Mr.. and Mrs. John Chaplin Brinsmade
Of Washington, Conn.,, where after their
honeymoon he and his bride will make
their home.
Miss Natalie Portia Collins. daughter
OF Mr.. and Mrs Theodore Young. will
be married 10 Mr.. Eugene G.. Gibney
OF the Board of Education and director
OF community md recreation contcrs. on
Wednesday morning In tho Church OF
Our Lady os Lourdes.
Mr.. end Mrs. George w, Perkins. Jr,
whose marriage took place Saturday of
last week, will make their home ut 2l2p
Bancroft place, Washington, d. c., whore
they will be at home after January 1.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

Mr.. and Mrs, George w, Perkins, Jr,
whose marriage took place Saturday of
last week, will make their home ut 212g
Bancroft place Washington, ID. c.. where
they will be at home after January /.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Parties at Long Beach
For HOLIDAY Season

Special Dispatch TO THE NEW York HERALD.
LoNo BEACH, Dec. 24.-The prevailing
open winter has added much to the
charm of the season at Long Beach. and
with the Hotel Nassau open at this
period for the first time in many years
many persons from New York. Brooklyn
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

Mr.. and Mrs. John Gracey Mr.. and Mrs
Wilfred NJ. Thompson Of Flushing. MI.
and Mrs Robert Fromert, Mr.. and Mrs
James Plant, Mr.. Malcolm Clark, MI
Louis Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. Je--A
Froelich. Mrs. Charles j. Duffy, Mrs.
Oscar Hermann, Mr.. and Mrs. John
Williams, Mr.. and Mrs. Martin McHale.
Capt. and Mrs. Frank T. Coffin.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15
TEMPLE BETHEL SCHOOL
FACULTY MEET TONIGHT

The faculty Of the rehgioNo L
of Temple Bethel will meet tonight at
the home of Miss Bertha Llcu,en at
7:45 d. Freund win address the group
on THE Significance of Chanukah,
and How to Present the Story to the
Pupils"
The following two weeks will keep
the teachers OF the school preoccupied
with the rehearsing of a Chanukah
play which will be presented by the
children of the school at the Progress
Club. Sunday night, Dec. IS, the first
night of Chanukah--the Feast of Ded-
ica+'o1
Anyone interested in the religious
wo... ~ oar -unooi is welcome to the
meeting at $3.50, after the confidential
reports Of the teachers are made.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15
YACHT ARRIVES
FROM ILLINOIS
Viva NJ, Owned by Captain Osborn,
Comes into Harbor After Long
Journey from Peoria.

After a cruise of approximately
1900 miles the yacht Viva NJ. came
into the harTbor shortly after noon
yesterday with Capt. A. c. Osborn and
wife and Jack Suffer, mechanician,
aboard and moored at Capt. Edmund
sons wharf for several days stay in
this port.
The party left Peoria, H., abur1t the
middle of October and from there
cruised down the Illinois river into
the Mississippi. thence down the Mis-
sissippi to New Orleans, and from the
Louisiana city over to Pensacola, via
Mobile point
The party halls from Duluth, Mdnn,
but the yacht was loaded on a rail-
road car at Racine, Mich, and trans
ported to the Illinois river at Peoria,
where the trip down the river to the
gulf was started. During the trip
many thrilling experiences were en-
countered which to hear told by the
members of the party are interesting
to say the least.
There were four yachts to start the
cruise but on account of one of the
party to arrive yesterday contracting
malaria on the river trip there was a
delay of several days in New Orleans,
and the other boats passed the Viva NJ.
and proceeded to Pensacola, spending
only a short while here a few days ago
to take on gas, and then resuming the
journey on down the Florida coast
These were the Sunshine and the I'll.
say SO, which were in port about a
Week ago.
Capt. Osborn is no stranger in our
H,Nr 10 n hi Fra
made the trip down from their northern
home last winter by automobile, but
desiring a variety, and perhaps novel
ty they chose the water route this
season and Judging by the many in
teresting things they have to tell about
the journey down from their home
they made a good choice.
WILHELM our city last year Mr.. and
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15

Mrs. Osborn became acquainted with
the Crenshaw family, and while here
this year the party viii be the guests
Of Capt. Jack and family They viii
spend several days visiting Pensacola
and viii probably take up their jour
ney again about Sunday
The Viva M. is a trim little craft
and sails under the official insignia of
U. 989. She measures over all 36 feet
and is equipped with all modern con-
veniences, having large. comfortable
quarters for each member OF the party,
complete kitchen equipment, etc
From here the party will cruise
down the west coast of Florida, stop
ping at the different points Of inter-
est down the coast for fuel or pleasure
and will enter San Carlos bay, proceed
from there to Fort Meyers via the
Caloosahatchee river. After a short
stay at Fort Meyers the journey will
be resumed and the itinerary calls for
a trip up the above named river into
Lake Okeechobee down through the
recently completed Miami canal and
on to the city of Miami itself
The remainder of the winter months
will be spent in and around Miami
and when the spring opens the party
will again board their yacht for a long
cruise up the Atlantic coast, later go
ing into the St. Lawrence river, and
through the Great Lakes to their home
in the Minnesota city.
This is indeed an extensive cruise,
and almost every variety of climate
and all kinds of weather and condi-
lions will have been encountered by
the time the trip is completed. which
will be some time in the late fall next
year. Captain Osborn and his party
seemed to be well pleased with the
sample of weather that our part CT the
state has to offer and will doubtless
tell his friends of Pensacola and it's
hospitality as he goes on along his
route.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15
PLACE ROUND TRIP
TICKETS ON SALE
Louisville and Nashville Railway Will
Charge Only Fare and a Half
During Holidays,

Effective Dec, 81, the Louisville s:
Nashville railroad company will place
on sale round-trip tickets for a fare
and a half, according to its holiday
custom, which was regularly main
tanned prior to the war, but is resumed
for the first time since hostilities dur
ing the present holiday season.
Tickets will be on sale from Dec. 81
until Christmas day, the time limit
being Jan. 4.
Boys and girls planning to return
home for Christmas and others who
intend making holiday trips will learn
of this announcement with much
pleasure.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15
HOSIERY
Ladies and Children's Shoes

Ladies and ChiIdren's Shoes
One Line OF Ladies' Shoss in
black, tan and gray kid, mostly all
sizes, $500 to $3.50 values, now
1896; discontinued lines, in high
tops.
One lot of ladies' kid boudoir Slip
pers, $3.50 values for 1890. $50
Ore lot of ladies black canvas and
kid Juiiettes for .Sf.Oo
Ladies Comfy Slippers, $3.50
values for ...............S 1.95
Ladies Comfy Slippers, 81 value,
for $1,000. ....-........-.S 1.6o
Ladies Comfy Slippers, $f.75 val
ue, for ..-..-..... so
chiIdren's Comfy Slippers, 500
value for go
children's Comfy Slippers, $50
value for ......-...---... 20
chiIdren's Comfy Slippers, s125
value TOR LOO
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15

REMEMBER THERE IS NOTHING
RESERVED IN THIS SALE
COM IN AND MAX YOUR PUR-
cHAsES FOR CHRISTMAS.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-12-15

One lot of children's Shoes, Wal
on make, discontinued lines; not all
izss; regular $500 Shoes and $500
Shoes for S4.00.
The Kenna record. (Kenna, Roosevelt County, N.M.) 190?-1924, 1921-07-29

who was third in the row, no face
saw was in the least familiar-two
being prOnouncedly Spanish, the 9TH
ers not so easily recognized as to ma
uOnality. / had no difficulty whatever
in overhearing their voices, and grasp
ing the sense of what they were say
ing. AS a general thing the words used
were English, although occasionally
some one requested an explanation in
Spanish, which was Immediately given.
However, almost the first sentence
overheard convinced me that I had ar
rived too late to learn directly the ma
ture of those instructions received
from Washington. Alva was asking a
question.
"But we are ready to act now" he
said impatiently, his foreign accent
faint, yet plainly perceptible, shave
been reaGy for a month past What
necessity then is there for further de-
lay7"
The woman, whom he evidently ad-
dressed, must have been very close to
the door; her voice soft, but speaking
with clear enunciation, sounded almost
within reach of my hand.
''The reason is Valparaiso, Of
course" she said "lt is not Washing
ton at ALL When you strike, the people
must be ready there. You say you are
prepared, senior. That is what l was
sent to learn, and l find you are not
prepared"
"Not ready We are organized and
sworn to service"
She seemed to lean forward. her
voice changing almost to a whisper.
q see that. your eagerness, your de-
voHon. But that is not readiness for
such duty. Who has been chosen for
the act itself-the post of danger? No
one. Until the man l need not name
dies, we can accomplish nothing. You
have taken no ballot. If the single
word was flashed tonight, Co. and It
may be. who among you Is authorized
to execute the OrdeF2"
The Kenna record. (Kenna, Roosevelt County, N.M.) 190?-1924, 1921-07-29
Measure upl

To measure up a man must have a
clear insight into his own ability. Many
fellows overrate themselves and go
down to ignomlnious disaster in the
first great crash of conflicting inter
ests. Others underrate themselves
and never attempt what seems diff
cult. Neither class can count on
much success. Valor lies not In bucking
the impossible. That's just plain fool
conduct. Valor often lies in having
sense enough to let things alone that
are beyond your strength or expert
ence. There's no gain In butting your
head against a wall just because the
thing at issue does not square with
your principles. The wiser course is
for you to work toward the end Of
doing good where you can and having
the years to come in which to add your
contribution to the common good. You
compound your influence by starting
on that plan now and adding each
days quota as 1t comes.
The Kenna record. (Kenna, Roosevelt County, N.M.) 190?-1924, 1921-07-29
What are you doing here? p
she gasPed. 'Listening?"
GRO BE CONTINUEDl
LAKE OF FIRE NEVER QUIET
Spectacle Furnished by Hawaiian VOL
cano May Well Be Said to Be
Everlasting.

Hawail's lake Of everlasting fire
has never been quiet so far as Hllo
local records or traditions testify.
That is, not quiet for any length of
time.
1t covers itself with black sheet
Of lava which looks like wet rubber
at intervals as regular as the breath
ing of a sleeper. This black covering
no sooner completely hides the llv-
ing, angry red lava than it cracks and
splits with startling noises, breaks in
to cakes which sink into the burning
pit, and the molten lava of the lake
Is again In commotiOn. The whole
strange performance, as l recall, the
freezing over, the breaking up, the
renewed billowing of fire, takes less
than ten minutes.
The lake so called, is an opening q
hundred yards or so wide in the floor
of the crater, which is eight miles in
circumference. 1t can be compared
to a hole in ice; the crater floor, al
though Of black, hardened lava, is in
physical character like rough shore
Ice, the surface of the lake like water
kept in commotion by wind, except
for the periodic freezing over. The
live lava of the lake rolls in waves
which break against its shore, sending
up spindrift, which, blown from the
top of the waves, hardens into hair
like glass. The natives call this glass
"Pele's hair" that lady being the Cod
dess of Fire.
Little wonder that the excellent
deacon who had sat on the edge of the
lake in wonder and terror piously an
swered one who asked him what the
lake was like: Brother, it's a hi
Of a hole New York Sun.
The Kenna record. (Kenna, Roosevelt County, N.M.) 190?-1924, 1921-07-29
WOMEN NEED SWAMP-ROOT

Thousands of women have kidney and
bladder trouble and never suspect it.
WOmen's complaints often prove to be
nothing else but kidney trouble or the
result of kidney or bladder disease.
If the kidneys are not in a healthy
condition, they may cause the other or
gans to become diseased.
Pain in the back, headache, loss of am.
bition, nervousness, are often times symp.
toms of kidney trouble.
Don't delay starting treatment. DR..
hilmers Swamp Root, a physicians pre-
scription, obtained at any drug store, NAV
be just the remedy needed to overcome
such conditions.
Get medium or large size bottle inn
mediately from any drug store.
However, if you wish first to test this
great preparation send ten cents to DR..
Kilmer & Co., Binghamton, N. Y, for
sample bottle. When writing be sure and
mention this paper.