The New York herald., 1921-04-13


approoriations In aid OF educational
purposes the last fiscal year were
no less than s65, 900. 900. There need
be no fear of undue Capitalization
OF of creating Federal bureaucracy
to dominate affairs better to be left
in State control. We must. of course.
avoid overlapping the activities by
the several States, and we must ever
resist the growing demand on tho
Federal treasury for the perform
apce of service for which the State
Is obligated TO its citizenship.
Somewhat related to the forego-
ing human problems Is the race
question. Congress ought to wipe
the stain of barbaric lynching from
the banners of free and orderly
representative democracy. We face
the fact that many millions Of peo-
pie of African descent are numbered
among our population and that In a
number of States they constitute a
very large proportion of the total
population.
1t is unnecessary to recount the
difficulties incident to the condition,
nor to emphasize the fact that 1t ID
a condition which cannot bc re-
moved. There has been suggestion,
however, that some of it's difficulties
might be ameliorated by a humane
and enlightened consideration OF IL
study OF its many aspects and an
effort to formulate. IL not a policy,
at least a national attitude OF mind
calculated to bring about the most
satisfactory possible adjustment or
relations between the races. and or
each race to the national life. one
PROPOSAL Is the creation OF COM
mission embracing representatives
Of both races. to study and report
on the entire subject. The pro-
posal has real merit ! am con-
yinced that in mutual tolerance,
understanding, charity, recognition
of the interdependence of the races,
and the maintenance of the rights
of citizenship lies the road to right
cous adjustment.
1t is needless to call your atten-
ton to the unfinished business In
herited from the preceding Congress.
The appropriation bills for army and
navy will have your early consid-
GRAFTON.
Neither branch of the Govern
ment can be unnindful Of the call
for reduced expenditure for these de-
partments of our national defences.
Our Government is In accord with
the wish to eliminate the burdens
of heavy armaments. The United
States ever will be in harmony with
such a movement toward the higher
attainments Of peace. But we shall
not entirely discard our agencies for
defence until there Is removed the
need to defend. We are ready to
cooperate with other nations to
approximate disarmament, but
merest prudence forbids that we
disarm alone.
No Threat I'm Navy Plans.
The naval programme, which had
its beginning in what seemed the
highest assurances of peace. can
carry no threat after the latest
proof of our national unselhshness.
The reasonable limitation Of per-
sonnel may be combined with econ
omies OF administration to lift the
burdens of excessive outlay.
The War Department IS reducing
the personnel OF the army from the
maximum provided by law in June,
1920, to the minimum directed by
Congress in a subsequent enactment.
When further reduction is compati-
BILE with national security 1t may
we'll have the sanction OF Congress.
so that system of voluntary mill
tary training may offer to our young
manhood the advantages NJ physi-
cal development, discipline and
commitment to service, and consti-
tute the army reserve in return for
the training.
L Nearly two and half years ago
the world war came TO an end and
yet we find ourselves to-day in tho
technical state OF war, though ac-
tually at peace. while Europe Is at
technical peace. far from tranquil
lity and little progress toward the
hoped for restoration.
1t Ill becomes us to express inn
patience that the European bellfg-
erents are not yet In full agreement.
when We ourselves have been unable
to bring constituted authority into
accord In our own relations to the
formally proclaimed peace.
Little avails In reciting the causes
OF delay in Europe or our own fall
ure to agree. But there Is no longer
excuse for uncertainties respecting
some phases of our foreign relation
ship. In the existing League OF
Nations, worid-governing with its
super-powers. this republic will have
no part There can be no misintcr-
probation, and there will be no be-
trayal OK the deliberate expression
OF the American people In the recent
election, and settled i'm our decision:
for ourselves IL Is only fair to say
to the world in general and TO our
associates I'm war N particular that
the league covenant can have no
sanction by us.
The aim to associate nations to
prevent war, preserve peace and
promote civilization our people most
cordially applauded. We yearned
for this new instrument of justice,
but we can have no part In a COM
initial to an agency of force in un-
known contingencies we can recog-
nize no super-authority.
League and the Treaty.
Manifestiy the highest purpose Of
the League of Nations was defeated
in linking II with the treaty OF peace
and making It the enforcing agency
Of tire vlctors of the world. Inter
national association for permanent
peace must be conceived solely as an
instrumentality of justice, unasso-
ciated with the passions of yester-
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