The New York herald., 1921-10-23
ny JOSEPH r.. DRANEY.

| ASpH0H fTOouccIS.
| Easy access to and from his prd
pective home is the primary reQuisl
| which the would-be purchaser of re|
| estate in suburban territory demand
In these days Of low cost motor tra7
| the highway or street Is the outstan|
ing feature Of accessibility, to subj
ban homes. and highway is Of use
| the owner Of a motor vehicle only
proportion to the quality Of its paw
ment. No real estate development
| these days can fan to take into accou|
| a comprehensive and practicable schcrl
| of paving.
| A census Of city paving. recen.
| compiled by the United States Geolog
cal Survey, shows that Of 364 901.6l
| square yards of paved streets In II
1876 leading cities of the country. 81
| 476,345 consisted Of surface-treatt
gravel, 5s.412.7S0 Of surface-treats
waterbound macadam. 14.279.%s4
bituminous macadam. 26.430.112 OF a
| phaltic concrete, 105.712.821 Of 'he
asphalt, 5o.963.74S Of brick 10.74i.6i
| If Portland cement concrete. 6.25s.6i
Of asphalt block, 10.313.420 of WOO
block and 37.09S,414 of stone bloq
The percentage ratio to the whf
was: brick, IA per cent; stone bioq
1O.2 per cent; Portland cement cd
crete. 2.s per cent; sheet asphalt,
per cent; asphaltic concrete. 7.3
cent: aspalt block. IL per cent:
luminous macadam. 3.91 per cent; Y
terbound macadam, 16 per cent q
gravel, 1923 per cent.
Companion of Various Types
The types most favored, not onlytr
paved streets but for improved rols,
included not only the asphaltic typesMt
brick and nacadam. Brick Is desirple
but more costly than some types. &c
adam Is q satisfactory type when M
bined with bituminous binder Yicn
makes the road dustless and pr4nts
ravelling. Portland cement concre is
not resilient. but 1t forms an exdlent
foundation for the resilient sutces.
When used with bituminous fillePrick
is semi-resilient Asphalt surfac9have
an average life ranging from fenty
to twenty-five years and founftions'
if thus protected, should last r less
than thirty years. When fovdation
is covered with a shock aloroing
surface that receives the inject OF
heavy traffic the base need nd be 80
thick. thus affording a matters econ
omy.
Investigation shows that dung the
years 1915 to 1920 the price offsphaitic
paving materials increased 65 PR cent,
highway labor $50 per cent. td other
materials from 80 to $50 per cht. Costs
OF both labor and materials at now on
the decline, however. and tAre Is q
strong reaction In favor OF reduced
freight rates. All Of this, q course.
means cheaper streets.
Cost Enters Into Selection.
Cost of the pavement in relatAn to the
total cost Of q real estate development
Is. Of course. a primary factor, II the
total investment demands modest OUT
lay for paving 1t is necessary to turn 70
those types which meet modern require
ments and yet do not run into excessive
figures. The long standard vate'bound
macadam type Of thoroughfsre Is dusty
and ravels quickly under last moving
motor traffic. but this typebf pavement
made famous century agt by the prac-
tical minded Scotchman, John Louoen
MacAdam. is fundamentally sound ano
economical, provided It be made DUST
less This is done vcr simply ana a.
little more cost than bt the old macao
am method through the use Of binder
according to what is known as thu
"penetration method" This produces
pavement known as aiphalt-macadam
This type retains all ths advantages o.
macadam but substitutes the asphalti'
binder for the mortar which formerly
was produced by combination OF wa
ter and rock dust.
The economy over sie old type IL
effected through the elihination or tne
sprinkiing cart during construction
which offsets most Of the additiona
cost. in using asphalt u an average o.
about twenty pounds TO- the square yaro
or 100 tons to the mile, If sixteen foo'
roadway. The total additional cost FOL
the mile Of roadway probably would no'
be more than $2,500. The asphalt may
be applied by means o, mechanical dis'
tributors or by hand from pouring pots
and thus requires a minimum OF equip
ment.
The Pavement Far Excellence.
When the development is on large
and more expensive scale the pavemen
may consist Of SHEET asphalt or asphalti
concrete as these types are In the loni
run very economical because OF lo7
maintenance OUTLAY. The most famou
avenues and boulerards In the world ar
paved with these asphalt surfaces, nota
BILE examples in this country being F1itl
avenue. New York Michigan Boulevard
Chicago: Broad street, Philadelphia
Pennsylvania avenue. Washington. ID. q
ana many others. The city types
pavement are rapidly finding favor o.
suburban streets and on country hign
ways and II Is not st all uncommon no'
to encounter a pavement similar to IN
Fifth avenue type outside the boundarie
Of our cities. In fact the increased COS
OF Portland cement and the necessity
adopting metal reenforcements for tina
tyne Of pavement now make 1t possiol
to construct city asphalt types at YER
little more cost than the unsurface
cement concrete types.
A form OF construction immensel
popular on the Pacific coast, but whic
has not as yet been introduced yer
fully In the East. is popularity known
''black base" This type comprises
mixture Of asphalt and crushed ston
for the base or foundation a. we'll as 70
the wearing course or surface, thus PR
viding an elastic, roiseless and who'll
waterproof street or roadway Tor II
entire thickness. For real estate develop
ments this type would be an ideal on
as in addition to its elasticity and II
noiselessness II Is absolutely sanitar
and hygienic because II IL impervior
TO moisture and gives of no dust. 1t
claimed also that those asphalts whic
are refined from petroleum have man
therapeutic qualities.
ueuaaps Must Be Considered.
A consideration Of primary weight
selecting q pavement for real esta'