davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-04-08
American Federation Sec
rotary Calls for Two
Year Bar to
Aliens
By FRANK MORRISON

Secretary, American Federation Of
Labor
4 TITLE may be written upon
the subject Of immigration
that has not been published.
The Government has printed up
ward Of fifty volumes OF reports,
Investigations and hearings
Millions OF dollars have been
spent IN propaganda IN favor OF and
against the immigrant and immi-
grafton. Millions OF dollars have
been expended in Educating the
immigrant 10 TT him for the duties
OF American citizenship.
Millions Of immigrants have been
given advantages IN education that
have not been received by the boys
and girls of America. Statistics for
the entire United States show, IN
1910, 3,606.6i5 illiterate native
Americans. The American labor
movement does not oppose the edu-
catlon OF immigrants. Rather II
favOrs education for al the people,
and Il believes that while IN no
manner restricting instruction to
our alien population, greater atten-
ton should be given IN this regard
TO our native illiterates, who are
Just as eager 10 obtain education as
are the immigrants.
In January, 1921, the United
States Department Of Labors sur
vey of unemployment showed that
there were 3,473. 40 fewer workers
engaged N industry than II the
previous year. This indicates that
over four million workers were idle.
AT the same time, our immigration
lothclals were reporting over 100000
immigrants arriving each month
During the war and for a short
time afterward. workers who we're
retained IN industry, and members
Fot their families who were recruited
TO war industrial service, were en-
abled to save some of their earn
ings. Those savings are now being
drawn TO live upon Many of those
who bought Liberty Bonds have
sold them The false conclusion
has been reached by some writer's
that there IS little suffering among
our people because this army of the
unemployed is still silent That
silence is due TO the fact that the
people out of work have not entirely
exhausted their wartime resources,
and the hope that there will be a
(revival III industry at a near date
But beyond II, screened by a fog
'of despair, a bread fine is forming.
Beyond that, charity is building its
soup kitchens. On the horizon of
industry there looms the tramp.
These are the conditions which the
workers of this country see deveE
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-04-08
Free immigration Means Bread Lines
For American Workers, Says Leader

which the workers for generations
have been imbued with the eco
nomie concept OF the serf. This
concept destroys self-reliance, re-
jects the spirit of independence,
denies the principles Of equality and
OF liberty. This immigrant con-
cept OF subsection clashes with the
American concept OF freedom. By
the very force OF numbers, the
American concept IS bound 10 give
way. The immigrant thus trans
plants the serf life of his native sod
TO the free lie Of America.
This is the crushing fact with
which the American worker must
contend 1t IS that which inspires
the American labor movement to
regard the immigration question in
its economic relation TO the inter
ests OF both the American people
and the immigrants themselves.
In It's broad aspect immigration
is caused by bad economic oondi-
tons The emigrant leaves his
native land 10 improve his manner
OF living. He has been told that IN
America he shall find happiness.
Coming here, he IS cast into the
mills or the mines. After a time,
the mills and the mines are closed.
There is a readjustment of wages
lower wages. The American
worker, with his higher standard
of living, is crowded out The i'm
migrant, with his lower standard of
living, remains 49, al the lower
wages. This process IS repeated.
In a short time, the American
worker passes out of the industry.
The standard Of living among the
workers in that industry is lowered.
This exerts a strong influence upon
the general standard. All labor in
America IS adversely affected Even
the immigrant has gained nothing
through his immigration, and the
American people have lost economic
ground that must be recovered.
Were immigration to this coun-
try TO be stopped for a period-say,
two years-the oppressed might
abolish oppression in their own
sity of immigrating to the United
states.
The American labor movement
does not desire to lessen the oppor-
tunity of any man or woman 10
obtain a better life, but in justice
10 the men and women of America
wko have helped to build up our
free institutions, it cannot quietly
submit 10 the operation OF sinister
- G,,o-~oe ~art,t~b tend 20 IacfroVr the
economic and social standards of
the workers OF this country.
NorE-This article is one Of
series By leading authorities 1Uho are
cooperating N nGtion-1tfde effort
10 arouse the public to q realisation Of
tie need, so Sf,ikiHgly pointed out By
Frances 4. Kellor ~ her recent 1vork,
Enumeration and the Future" for
Ill
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-04-08

Secretary, American Federation Of
Labor
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
ITALY's GREAT DESIRE IS
 PRESERVATION OF PEACE

Washington, Nov 2.-(By The A. P) During the Washington conference on armament and Far Eastern questions Italy Twill never hesitate to Five all her support to any proposal which, may elim- mate future conflicts and assure peace" Senator C%rlo Schanzer, president of the Italian delegation to the conference, said in a statement tonight. I've feel con- vinced" he @dded that the conference will reach a substantial conclusion ant that the friendly relationship between 'he United States and Italy will be consa crated by even closer links of friendship.
 When it was necessary to defend her national rights and to fight for liberty and justice, Italy proved to be able to stand the hardest moral and material sacrifices and to fight gloriously until the day of victory. But the Italian people, following their nature, their traditions and education, are sincerely peace low ing. Italy has not only showed her strong willingness on the question of the reduction of armaments, but has done something more by reducing her army az much as was compatible with her na- tional security.
 "The political artion of Italy has al ways been inspired by the ideal of preser- vation of peace and by the purpose of settling peacefully all questions that might arise among nations.
 Italian policy in central Europe has shown on many occasions that Italy al- ways follows the same peaceful ideals. With the treaty of Repallo, Italy has settled her questions with Jugo Slavia ; and also recently 1t was Italy who, with her mediation seems able to avoid a war betv cen Austria, and Hungary over the Iuestlon of Burgenand, preventing per haps J still more serious conflict in cen tral Europe.
 Teace is for Italy the supreme ideal not only peace with her neighbors, but also the general peace of the world. Italy wants above all to overcome the econ | omicical consequences of the past war to develop again her production and her i trade and to re-establish her fnancia
 situation Of course, Italy has the duty
 of safeguarding her national interests l and her security, but this does not pre-. vett her from being opposed to any new l war whCn We reNember that the econ
 omical system of the world must form | one sole block, we understand that an!
 war today represents an economical dis
 aster, not only for the countries whicl are called to fight, but also for every
 others country war means destruction o
 wealth, paralyzation of industry and in | terruption of international trades"
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
BRANDEGEE PREPARING FOR
 WATSON INVESTIGATION
(Special to The Bulletinl

Washington, Nov. 1.-The senate gave Senator Brandegee what might be called a vote of confidence in naming him as chairman of the special investigating committee to look into the extraordin- ary accusations made by Senator Watson of Gergia, regarding all } q hanging of soldiers in Franc without the formality of a court martial" Watson made scene in the senate chamber when chal- lenged to give the desired pros but said he would present 1t to the military com mittee. As a result the special commits tee was named with Mr. Brandegee at it's head. Later in the day Mir Brandegee said 10 your correspondent that he would call the committee together as soon as possible and then mark out the line of in vestigation which would be followed by them. Until that could be done he had no comment 10 make on the probable course that would be taken beyond say
 ing that he assumed the investigation would be conducted here in Washington
 The committee named by the senate was Brandegee, chairman; Willis Ernst. Pomerene and Overman. Mir. pomerene decines to serve on account of other as signments, and his place was quickly fill ed by the appointment of another demo- err t. Vice President Coolidge and Pres ide It Protempore Cummins were both ab- sen. this afternoon so the filling of the POrlerene vacancy went over
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
HEARINGS ON PERMANENT
 TARIFF BILL OPEN TO-DAY

Washington. Nov. 2-The senate ghn- ance committee Is scheduled tomorrow ia reopen public hearings on the prema1ent tarif bill. Chairman Penrose announced tonight that the first schedule to be taken ID would be that Of agricultural proe-cfs and that at least the first days session would be devoted to rates on wool and wpolen products.
 Air. Penrose said also it was planned to take committee action on the resoiu- ton extending the emergency tariff.
 There were indications that some cif efr-ences might arise in the comulittes with respect 10 the emergency tariff ex- tension. Senator Mclean. a committed member. has prepared an amendment de- signed to offset the disparity in exchange but il was said that members Of the house ways and means tcoulmittee who orig inally put forward the resolution extend- ing the emergency law were opposed 10 any changes mad had gained support for their views among some finance commit tee members.
 House leaders are said 10 hold that while the differences in exchange should ] be corrected. an attempt to amend the resolution might result il parliamentary | delay which woud cause the temporary tariff to lapse.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
REDUCTION IN REDIscoUNr
 RATES or RESERVE BANKS

Washington. Nov. 2.-Reductioa of one per cent in re-diseount rates Of efderaI reserve banks at Chicago. st. Louis and Kansas City and of one-half one pes cent at reserve banks at New York. Philadelphia. Richmond. Atlanta and San Francisco. were announced today by the federal reserve board.
 Re-discount rates of the banks Of Boston, Cleveland. Minneapolis and Dal> las have not been changed as the direc- tors of those banks have not as yet held meeting on the subject.
 New rates st the eight banks making reductions are as follows:
 Four and one-half per cent. New York and Philadelphia: five per cent. Chicago. St- Louis. Kansas City and San Francis co. and five and one-half per cent, Rlch- mond and Atlanta
 The rates in force at the other hanlza which have not been changes as yet are.
 Five per cent, Bozton; five and one- half per cent. Cleveland wand six per cent, Minneapolis and Dallas
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
TECHNICAL ADVISERS FOR
 ARMAMENT DELEGATES


 Washington, Nov. 2-Conferences be- tween the American delegation to inc conference on armament limitation and the staffs of technical advisers assigned to aid the delegation will continue even after the conference itself has opened.
 It was indicated today at the state de- partment where the American delegates again were in session with Secretary Denby and the naval advisers that there would probably be no termination of this discussion of naval armament matters or of any other specific matters to come LID before the international gatherings, the meetings going on as occasion required even after the conference was in ses sion.
 So far the American delegates are un- derstood to have concerned themselves in their joint discussions primarily with naval armament matters. no other sub- jects such as those involving a possible association of nations nlan or a world court having been considered. In study ing the naval matters the delegates are understood to be preparing to take the initiative and make a substantial offer in the conference looking to reduction of naval program The United States called the conference, it was pointed ont. and expects to be ready to sumbit a
 very liberal offer on it's own behalf look ing to such reductions.
 The first meeting .: the conference is now scheduled for 10.5o o'clock on the | morning of Saturday, NovAaber 12. in the auditorium of the building erected by the Daughters of the American Rev olution. Formal notice of the hour ofd meeting and of the necessity to postpone | convoking the conference from the orig | inal date of November II, will be sent
 within day or so by the state depart
 ment to the embassies of the powers rep resented in the deliberations.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
LLOYD GEORGE CANCELS HIS PASSAGE ON THE AQU|TAN|A
Still Intends to Come Washington at the Earliest Possible Moment Assumption is That the Premier Hopes to See Settlement of the Irish Problem, or Least Basis of Agreement, Before His Departure.

interpretation placed on !t is that AI-. Lloyd George hopes that . few dave delay in his departure will enable him 10 see a settlement reached. or at les-s the basis of an agreement arrived ar which can be worked out during his ab- senoe from the c Intry. In this connec- ton importance IS attached to the fact that Sir James Craig. the Ulster pre- mier is coming 10 London Saturday.
 The promoters of the lord mayors banquet. which is 10 be held Novembes 9. have been anxious to have Nr. Lloyd George speaksat the dinner. al which for many years it has been customary. for the prime minister to make a political pronouncemeni. Mir. Lloyd George. how ever. has declined 10 make any pror1iss to attend the function. and this is taken in some quarters as showing that he stili is hopeful of being able to sail for ths | United States within a week
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
OFFER OF MILK DRIVERS L
 TO ARBITRATE DECA.

New York, Nov. 2.-Prospects for an early settlement of the strike of 10000 milk wagon drivers, salesmen and plat form men vanished tonight when the molk conference board, the employers organization, Voted against submitting the matters in dispute tS arbitration
 The board, in a letter given to Health Commissioner Copeland for submissioo t. the strikers meeting at Madison Square Garden, said
 We deem it inadvisable and unwise for the public interest to merely defer a problem where conditions call for a SO lution
 Earlier in the day union leade's greed to recommend to the strikers that they return to their jobs on the terms of the old wage agreement, pending a round ta- Die discussion with their employers. The contract under which the men had been working expired Novfmber l. The men demanded an increase of five lod- lars week in their new contract, where as the employers had proposed a general wage reduction.
 Before starting with the letter for Madison Square Garden, Commissioner Copeland declared the employers had taken stand against the public interests and were Sacrificing human life in all elloTI 10 DTedk the union.
 These employers" he added, want the open shop and I hold them respon- sible for breaking up the plan for arb1- tration."
 In rejecting the arbitration proposal, the employers stated that to temporize at this time would do no good. ''The proposal now mede, would in ef- feet" their letter said, restore the very control over our business to those who have created this crisis and whose at titude of mind has been fully indicated by what has already occurred To con- tinue the menace of such action is inn possible"
 L. Elkin Nathans the boards secre- l tary, said that normal delivery of milk with pronar proteoeio- would be pu. effect as soon as possible. | All comp4n..-. s o5ded, twill take on new and old men beginning Thursday morning at the old scale. They are will | ing to do this because they will not be hampered by numerous union regulations | They also are willing to increase slightly | the wages of some inside men who dc general utility work"
 The slight increase, it was said, would apply to some inside workers whose
 present wage is less than $50 a week
 Tn offering the existing scale to all who
 may be accepted, board officials said 1 they are not receding in effect from thei1 their contentious that decreases in somt positions would be just.
 Bebore the milk conference board
 made public it's rejection of the arbitra tion proposal the strikers at their meet 1 ing had voted to return to work, provid
 ed arbitration could be agreed upon.
 Commissioner Copeland addressed th' mass meeting. placing responsibility or l the distributors for the continuance O
 the strike He urged the men to refrair | from violence.
 The commissioner said that hereafte he would not deal with the conferenc board as an organization but with ii
 individual members. He asked the strik
 CTS to leave the difficulty to the mayo
 and the board of health for settlement.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03

London. Nov. ? Cby the 4. P.)-Pre- mier Lloyd George has definitely can celled his passage on the steamer Aqui- tania, on which he was to have proceed ed to the United States November ,. to attend the Washington conference.
 This fact became officially known here tonight for the first time. IL had been known. however. for some days that tine critical stage the Irish negotiations had reached probably would prevent AIr. Lloyd George from sailing on Saturday.
 Owing to the grave turn in Irish af- fairs it is not even possible to fix a provisional date for the premier's sail ing, but he still intends to go to Wash ington at the earliest moment possible.
 The cancellation by the premier of his passage is considered a favorable rather than ar unfavorable sign Of the progress of the Irish negotiations. Tho
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
WATSON CHARGES INCREDIBLE
 EX-SEC'Y BAKER SAYS

Cleveland, Nov. 2.-Charges of Senator Watson that American soldier in France were hanged withoct trial and were sub- jected to barbarious treatment were de- clared to be 'preposterous and incredible by Newton D. Baker, former secretary of war, tonight
 France was not a bowling wilderness but a civilized country MT. Baker said. Tt was pretty well crowded with Amer ican men and women who would have been quick to report anything of tiLH kind.
 If a single American soldier had been hanged without trial word of it would have come to this country and proper mea sures would have been taken. The senator's charges are preposterous and incredible"
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
Expenditure Committee.

Washington. Nov. 2.-Notice was given in the senate today by Senator Watson. democrat. Georgia, that he in tended 90 present 10 the senate itself evidence on his charges that American s-'Iie-s had been hanged overseas with ou. courtuartiaL
 The Geo-Eia senator declared that he would not he bundled IT in any com -t-tce room" and have his evidence "ru-omb-1 with senators in report mo- body won q read" but would make his s-rt f- trs o-en senate. The senator satf ls-=- that he would reserve de- -i='-- vhe,r-- he would appear al all be- f--. fNe special senate committee ap- pointed -0 investigate his charges.
 Ss-ar-- W7ts1n's statements today ware --a-e .- another hours clash over --s .-vt=f-caffou when Senator Rrande- -r- -rrgh+ .-7r. Con0scticGt. chairman -r tr- s-e--af committee presented a formal -.ea-u-i1n authorizing the com --t.rr t1 take testimony under oath and -..-a.-a witnesses and papers. The -.rr.-t on drew sharp comment from -a-at.- Watson and also involved him -aF and Senator Reed in n soirited dis -r=z.rr wft several republicans re- -a-f.r- tre proposed investigation
 Senator Watson reiterated his charges --r Gse lref they au had been made - 1918 hv former Senator ChamberlaiA rr Oregon. now a shipping board mem r-- The Georgia senator also declared today -ha- he had received letters and .--ar-srrs from former service men and ---Ffa-- i- Philadelphia and New York -rr-~--i1- his charges. According 10 h-= information. he said. other gallows man tr7- pictured in the photograph he presented yesterday in the senate, had h-s- erected and used in France.
 Tho question of whether the senate committee proposed to investigate Sen s--- Wa-z0-'s statements or the charges hs made was raised hy Senator Reed who declared that in his belief the in- vretira -i1- was a grave mistake" and a- unfortunate precedent. Senator's re- marks re conten7ed. were ''privileged-' win ar--u1-a hTity only 10 the sena- .--s home constituents. This view was --aIenre1 sharply by Senator Brsnde- zee Se17'0- Lodge. of Massachusetts. -s71tr-a7 leader. and others.
 Senator E-audeEee disavowed any -r--rro os -ufting the senator from Georgia on tri7r' and said the senate had ordered -u investigation of the truth or faisitv of Nr. Watson's charges
 1s t-ue any ofF-ers connected with -hr E-rfr no s-7-r <Sa-e uurderers and tr-~ ought 70 be hanged" said Senator T--ricres
 Senator F-7.7erne had his resolution -'T-h-r- rho committee with full author '-v. -rf---e1 t0 fha senate expenditures committee hu- did not ask for immediati r-f'-- 1t wae reported favorably al .H- -'0-- 0f 'oa7y's debate but wen -r--. Senator Reed, during the discus f~ advised senators 70 think over
 H- case and hir-od at a motion to qua sl .r '~rI.-v. saving hs believed that unol -rfrr'.0- ~-U7forz might consider "th. ~r-- course would be 10 discharge th m committee"
 Senator Watson h todav'e dahsre i-70 attacked Senator Wadsworth h
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
OF UNION
 OIL TO VOTE ON MERCER

New York. Nov. 2.-stockholders of the Union oil company of Delaware will meet here November r to consider merger with the Royal Dutch-Shell Transport and Trading Company. which is controlled by the British and Dutch interests.
 Terms of the proposed merger have been outlined. but the exact conditions will depend upon word awaited from abroad.
 It is understood that in the prosDee- tive consolidation the foreign interests will contro. - per cent. of the stock of the new company. the balance goinz .' Union oil shareholders.
 The announcement regarding the mcr- ger was made la-e today hy Hayden, Stone and Company. bankers, of New York and Boston.
 The Union Oil Company has operated largely in California and controls a nun.er Of subsidiary and affiliated com nauies including the Commonwealth Pe- troleum Corporation. Western Union or Company. United Western Conso' dated Ou Company. Dunlon or Company. Ed dystone Of Corporation. Columbia oil Producing Company and the Puente oi Company
 { Its capital stock consists of five mi | lion shares of no par value. Of whic' about 1867 000 have been issued. ! The Royal Dutch Company was incor ] no7ated at The HaEue in 1890 and ;'' ! American company. which is corporatel
 known as the Royal Dutch Company O !, New York. Is owned by American inter ests. which also have a predominstini 1 interes in the Shell Company Of Cali | fornia.
 1 Shell transport and trading Is nri i mariiy a British corporation. distrihutln Isnl transporting petroleum products 1 owning a large number Of tank steamer
 and operating can factories in all part Of the world.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-11-03
WOMAN BURNED TO DEATH
 IN \ CLOTHES CLOSET

Newark. \. J.. Nov. 2.-AIrs. Agnes Murphy burned 10 death today in a clothes closet or her third floor apartment
 Police at first expressed belief that she lit a match in the dark closet and tainted when garments hanging inside caught fire. Later they were puzzled when a step daughter found a note in the next room reading T am innocent God is my judge
 William Murphy. the husband. who lost his job as a shoe salesman yesterday, identied the writing as his wife's upri his return from seeking work. He was unable to explain the meaning of the note.
 Mrs Murphy's nine year old son. Rob- ert, heard poundinss on the clothes closet door when he returned from school. Opcn- ing it. his mother fell forward in flames. The boy ran. crying. My mother is burn ing up," but when help arrived she was dead.