davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
BONUS FOR FORMER
SOLDIERS OPPOSED
BY ORGANIZATION

WSHINGTON. June Is. - The
chamber Of commerce Of the United
States opened today a campaign
arainst the proposed cash bonus for
former service men, sending a state
ment Of its position to the president,
the cabinet. members Of congress and
400 trade and commercial organi-
cations. While insistent on the
physical and mental rehabilitation Of
disabled men. it said. the organization
seriously doubted benefits which
might come from cash payments to
physically capable veterans.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
. |
SEVERAL BADLY INJURED

WICHITA. Kan. June lS. Three
or four unknown men believed 10 b.
harvest hands are severely INJURED
and another is pinioncd underneath
wreckage gradually dying in sight of
rescue workers at Tollervillc. eight
miles northeast of here. where a Mis-
souri, Pacific freight train was wreck
cd tonight. according TO statement
given out al the office of the road.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
LADIES' TAILORS
CENSOR SUITS OF
CHICAGO BATHERS


CHICAGO, ILL.,, June IS
Seamstresses with pins, needles,
thread and other requisites Of the
ladies taller, were stationed at Chi
cago beaches today to censor the
bathing suits worn by women and
sew in these wearers who violat-
ed prohibitions against the display
of legs and shoulders, which were
made effective this year.
Last year the style of costumes
worn at the beaches was left al
most entirely, it was explained, 10
the conscience Of the wearer. The
result led to the adoption this year
Of strict regulations which are
now being enforced with needles
sand thread.
Hundreds of women who an
peared today in last years cons
cience" suits kept the beach
'ailor ceBsors busy.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
USES DAGGER WHEN
ATTACKING OFFICER

A report of the usual Saturday
.baile" trouble reached Officers in
the city at an early hour this morn
ing. The trouble was said to have oc
curred at an open air dance hall
about six miles east of the city. A
man. alleged to have been in an in
soxicatad condition, attacked a spe-
cial officar with a dagger, and the
officer fired one shot at the man,
the report was. but missed. He later
suhdued the the man by using the
butt end Of his pistol. The man will
recover.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19

The statement by Mr.. O'Brien that
the new constructor will not follow
the entire existing right of-way of
the Rio Grande railway, is TIE first
news that virtually new road Il to
be built. The building Of this lT.2
miles Of new grade means. Mr..
O'Brien said, the eventual abandon
ment Of thirteen miles Of the present
track. Although this new route, which
will follow higher land to the north
Of the present roadbed. will make
the road approximately four miles
longer than it now IL, it will relieve
the railroad of operation of trackage
through non producing territory. In
addition TO that, the portion Of the
line TO be abandoned has over 8 900
feet of trestle and supported track,
most Of which has been subject to
damage by overflow and he main
tenance Of which has entailed very
heavy expense TO the railroad com
pany. In the entire 17.2 miles OF
grade there will be only one bridge,
which will be seventy feet in length,
Mr.. O'Brien said. This bridge is over
drainage ditch.
The new grade will leave he re-
sent right-Of f-way at point about
eight miles northeast Of Brownsville,
and two miles east Of the Mesquite.
Ii will turn slightly to the northeast
and follow the higher land across the
flats TO a point about a mile from
Point Isabel where IL will rejoin the
present road bed. This survey was
made several years ago.
OF the eight miles Of track from
Brownsville to where the new grade
starts five miles j. laid with sixty
five pound steel and has two
bridges Of standard dimensions one
over a drainage ditch and the other
over the rcsaca at the Mesquite, "a
village.
Mr.. O'Brien said that materials
will ~ assembled AZ rapidly az need
cd. and that he j. well pleased with
the prices at which they are being
offered. 81 have made my plans so
that we will not be swamped with
materials" he said Just as rapidly
as the progress calls for materials
they will be available for use
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
4 KILLED WHEN TWO
INTERURBANS CRASH
tHy The Associated Press

JACKSON, Mich. June ls-Four
persons were killed. six injured Sc
riously and ten other hurt in rear
end collision of two westbound De
rot interurban ears near Ann Arbor
late today. According TO reports a
wood car was telescoped by the stee'
car, the dead and most Of the injur
ID being occupatns Of the wood car.
The cause o fthe accident has not
been determined.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
THREE OUTRAGES ON
BARCELONA STREETS
ORy The Associated rresSl

BARCELONA. June Is. Three
outrages occurred here today. Felio
Boal, formerly secretary Of the ma
tional federation Of labor. was shot
at , o'clock theis morning. He was
well known in labor circles and pos
sesSed a great influence over radicals.
The second assassination occurred
short distance away few minutes
later. Jose Domincuez. prominent
syndjcalist in the building trades
being shot dead. Both had recently
been released from Jail. Ayoung un-
identified man was the third victim.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
CROWN FORCES In
DUBLIN AMBUSCADED
OEy The Associated Prcssl

DUBLIN. June is. -- Crown fore
es were ambushed tonight AT the
junction Of Ryders row and Capel
street. The streets were swept with
bullets. and three men. three women
and one little girl wounded. Casncl-
ties among the crown forces were not
repOrted
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
GOODYEAR PRICES DOWN
Ny The Ass"'ia'"d rr"~Sl

AKRON. Ohio. June lS-The
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company
today announced reduction in prices
Of pneumatic and sold truck tires.
Reductions on six, seven and eight
inch pneumatic truck tires average
% X per cent; on solid truck tires
and the average reduction is ten per
cent. Reductions on pneumatic tires
over eight inches are less than ten
per cent. The reduction brings prices
nr~ "tica.ly to pre-war levels, it was
said.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
RESIGNATION DUTCH
MINISTRY CONSIDERED

TIE HAGUE. June Is. - Queen
Wilhelmina j. considering the res
ignation Of the ministry. She has
asked the premier to carry on the
function Of his office during nego-
tiations.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19

PORTSMOUTH, \. NJ. June Is
For the first time in its l65 years
the New Hampshire Gazette. which
boasts Of being the oldest weekly
newspaper in the United States. did
not appear on the streets today. The
compositor'S strike that began in 10
cal plants last Monday il assigned ~
fhn rpaSnn.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
500 ARREST AT CHICAGO


CHICAGO, ILL.,. June is More
than 500 men were arrested today in
"A serious Of raids on alleged gam
bling resorts by pilicemcn under di-
rection Of the states attorneys of
flee. The raids were inspired, il was
said. by a determination to rid the
city of widespread gambling.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
MRS. LEWEN CONVICTED

DETROOIT, Mich, June lS-Mrs.
Elizabeth Lewen. 5S years old. was
convicted of first degree murder by
a jury in recorders court late to
night in connection with the death
last month of six year old Max Ern-
est. She. was sentenced to life inn
prisonment at the Detroit houe Of
correction.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
HEAT CAUSES DEATHS
lRv The Associated Press

CHICAGO. vi. June 1s-Several
death and many prostrations attri-
r--.oa 20 heat were reported today
when the mercury touched 95 for the
second time in 48 hours. Showers
which fell during the afternoon fail
ed to bring any relief.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
KIER is CONVICTED
CRv The Associatcd Press)

ELDORAnO, Kan, June Is. A
verdict Of second degree manslaught-
er was returned by jury here late
tonight against Glenn kier. on trial
charged with murder in connection
with the death Of Rov Greenfield.
an Eidorado taxicab driver who was
t'lled April 20, last. Kier il 20 years
old.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
REoCCUPATIoN COMPLETED

TOXIC, June 1S. The re occupa-
tion of Nikolaievhk and Other points in
northern Siberia by j. ase troops
has been completed. Ling to an
official announcement ~ today.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
.17.2 MILES WILL FOLLOW LINE
TO NORTH OF PRESENT ROADBED
ID. A. O'Byien Announces That
13 Miles of Present Road Is
Planned For Abandonment
WIN IN SPITE OF GREAT OBSTACLES

"Obaees that been
Never before section been forced because Of such
obstacles undertake it's people the financing
of railroad
of railroad building believe The people the Valley
the Of these obstacles the
position
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
.
NOTED CHINAMAN DEAD
Ry The Associated pressl

tHy The Associated I'reSSl
TOXIC, June is. -Nagao Ariga,
constitutional advisor TO the presi-
dent Of the Chinese republic, and an
authority and writer on international
law, it dead.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
MARQUIS BABESIMA DEAD
nv The Assnciatcd rrcsSl

TOXIC. June 1S. The death is
announced Of Marquis Nachieo Bah
esima, court councillor and at one
time minister plenipotentiary to It.
alV.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1921-06-19
WEATHER REPORT

East and West Texas: Sunday and
Monday, partly cloudy.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
Measured By Responsibilities.
 Legislatures Fail
(Con4inued from Page One. }

T E.
 Only 25 per cent. of the members of any given legislature have had previous legislative experience; and cut in 1921 only 19 per cent. had sat in any previous legislature. Farmers constitute one-third of our state leg islature; lawyers one-fourth and busi- ness men fifth. Less than half, in short, have by virtue of their occu- pations, been in contact with the conditions which must be their chief concern in law making"
 Discussing the subject of forestry in Connecticut, Prof. J. w. Tourney of the Yale Forest school, said that the number of abandoned farms in Connecticut was due in part to the destruction of forest growth, which once assured a profitable winter in
 dustry for farmers
 Although the state now boasts of 4S per cent of her total area as for est" he said, 'its growing capacity is so low and the quality and kinds of timber so inferior, we are forced to send out of the state for S3 per cent. of all the saw timber we consume and upon which we pay yearly from three to four million dollars in freight alone. We should work for increased publicly owned forests by the nation, by states and local communities, req sonaible public regulation of forest forestry movement"
 Prof. F. F. Fairchild followed with a discussion of taxation of, for and by the people,"
 Mrs. w. H. Deming presided at the morning session
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
Harding Stresses Right of Negro
 To Advantages

(Continued from Page One.)
 "I wish that both ahe tradition of solidly Democratic South and the tra- dition of a solidly Republican black race might be broken up.'
 ''I would insist upon equal educa- tional opportunity for both.'
 'Men of bosh races may we'll stand uncompromisingly against every sug- gestion of social equality. This is not a question of social equality but a question of recognizing a fundamen- tai. eternal, unacceptable difference"
 Racial aE1algamation there can not be. Partnership of She races in developing the highest aims of all hu. manity there must be if humanity is to achieve the ends which we have set for it.''
 ''The black man should seek 90 be, and he should be encouraged to be, the best possible black man and not the best possible imitation of a white man."
 The Presidents address. which brought him from Washington on his first extended trip into the South since inauguration, was delivered at a. semi-centennia1 ce1ebratioan of the founding of the City of Birmingham. It was devoted almost exclusively to the race ion, although MT. Har- ding also took occasion to praise the South for its industrial recovery and ership of reunited nation.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
GAS INDUSTRY
 ON VERGE OF THIRD CHANGE

Chicago, Oct. 26-As a result of in- creaslngly heavy demands made upon the oil resources of the nation, the manufactured gas industry is now on the verge of it's third revolutionary change-the radical reduction in the heating value requirements and per hapS the eventual elimination or the use of petroleum in its manufacture to engineer members or the American Gas Association, who will discuss this subject at the annual meeting of the association here on November to 12.
 The gas industry of the United States at present uses approximately one billion gallons of oil annually, ac- cording to these engineers. High prices of petroleum products, result ing from their wide and varied use, and the probability that shale oil will be a suitable substitute, makes it practically certain that coal will be the only fuel used in the future by manufacturers of artificial gas such as is used for cooking and illumina- tion in the homes of 49,000,00O Amer jeans and in thousands of industries, the engineers claim.
 Radical changes in the heat re- quirements of gas and the introduc- tion of many fuel conservation meas ures in Europe during the war and since, intended to conserve the worlds s fuel supplies, are being studied at first hand by the association which has sent an engineer for the associa- tion across the Atlantic to make an investigation and report. He will make a report which will be part of a report of a committee, which is mak- ing a worldwide study of the oil situation. His report is expected to be the last word in the latest devel- opments in the economical manufac- ture of gas. He has visited England, Germany, France Italy and other countries.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
DID NOT TURN
 IN WAR TAX

Rome, Oct. 26 Americans who have paid the Italian luxury tax de- manded in the so-called deluxe res taurants of Rome will be ~chagrined to learn that four of those restaurants which draw large numbers of visitors from overseas did not turn that tax money into the Italian treasury at all but simply put 1t in the restaurant cash draw.
 The restaurants which have just been discovered by the Italian police as collecting this money from the public under the guise of a national tax have all been brought to account for the illegal manipulation of ac- counts and have been fined 1000, 900 lire by the Italian Finance depart ment. The Umberto restaurant paid the highest fine which aggregated 55S.S0 lire. The Castello dei Cesari paid 78,191 lire, the Regina, 391, 800 lire. and the Taverna Russia 23,9O0 lire. (At normal exchange 1000, 900 lii e would be equivalent to about s2O0,00O; at current rates to about $4O,OOO)
 The walters of these restaurants would present the bill to the custom CTS adding on ten per cent for the luxury tax. No record was kept of the ten percent on the bill and ac- cOrdingly no return was made to the Italian Finance department. When the authorities discovered the ruse they took the books of these restau- rants and placed a fine amounting to the discrepancies.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
BANDITS HOLD UP TRAIN

MeXico City, Oct. 26.-Fourteen bandits who held up Laredo bound passenger train on the outskirts of this city, fleeing with 100000 pesos after killing three soldiers and two passengers. have been captured their summary execution is probable and it was not known today whether they had already been killed or not. All the stolen bullion was recovered. A Guatemalan diplomat who was on the train lost all his official papers.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
ENGLISH PRINCE
 SAILS FOR INDIA

Lndn, Oct. 26.-The Prince of Wales departed today on a trip around the world. He will go first to India and later to Japan and Canada. The prince sailed on the Battleship Re nown upon which he travelled when he visited Canada about a year ago.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-10-26
W. K. NOLAN l83 Fairfield Ave.
Between Main and Broad
 Streets

Between Main and Broad
 Streets
 In all our lines, we cater to the discriminating part of the public which com- pines good taste with sound economy, in select ing it's footwear. No mat ter how difficult the foot, we fit it correctIy-or de- cline the sale. We have siXty-ffVe years of reputa- tiOn to think of.
 Beside the Edwin C. Burt CaHtilever, we have selected as the best pro- duct of American facto- ries, the Grover and Doro- thy Dodd full lines of WOmen'S shoes.
 For young people, we provide the best in stylish, service-giving shoes for growing girls and misses.
 Boys Weather-reSiSting, Shapely shoes in all sizes and fancy shoes, ballet slippers and plain foot wear for little folks.
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
REGELE NICnITA MORT

ANTIBES, Franta.-Regele Nj
chita al Muntenegrului murit In
l Martie in localitate. Regina TIA
liei, fata hui Nichita, a fost avizata
despre moartea tatalui sau 81 e as
teptata Gu regele Victor Emanuil
sd vina la inmormintare care nu sd
site inca cand va fl.
Nicolae I-ul a fost nascut in 1841.
FL fost proclamat de principe al
Muntenegrului in 1860, ca succe-
,prul unchiului sau, Daniil I. I'm
Y91O, Gu ocazia jubileului sau de
PO ami fost proclamat de rege al
|N1untenegrului. Muntenegru luat
parte in rasboiul mondial de par
tea aliatilor, lar in 1918, Sirbii au
convocat adunare nationala, care
s'a declarat pentru destituirea !ui
Nicolae 81 pentru alipirea la Sirbia.
De atunci Nicolae 81 guvernul sau
traiau in Franta.
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
GUvERNUL A CERUT
COLABORAREA
FEDERATIEI

lie Progress, oficiosul conser-
vatorilor progresisti anunta GU toa
ia certitudinea urmatoarele:
In urma fOrmidabilei infran-
grei electorate suferita de guvern
dol membri al cabinetului au fost
.insarcinati sd sondeze Federatia
daca mar consimti sa dea spriji
gnvernului Averescu in vederea u.
nei colaborari.
ssCredem a sti CD Federatia a
hotarit sd refuze formal orice ofer.
ta venita din partea cabinetului ac
tual.
Informatia categorical oficiosu
lui progresist, pusa in legatur& cg
svonurile care Sc 1anseaza de cAtvs
timp despre un acord polite &c q
Il pc Gale Sd Sc inchee fntre d-ni
Al. Marghiloman 81 /. Mihalache
are hevoe de IN cuvint autorizs'
din psrtea Fedsratiei.
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03

Il i
Ca orice ON polite sau slujbds
care Sc aIege de popor, 81 H. l..
Taylor, care cendidsosd la functia
de gycfier laEtribnnclal cercului
Knor, Kentucky, a dat 81 Ell an ma
nifest polite. Iotd continutM:
"Sunt sD cGndidat republican la
ce-a nsai rdn.as sin oficiul tribuna-
lulNi dcestM cerc, functia de gre
fier. In fumctid oceasta nu Sc pld-
teste salar d0cd M poti infige ma
ma IN sensenul tau nenorocit care
{ slit sd vind iinaintea trib unalului.
En- sant calificat pentru aceastd
funclie. Eu suit IN stare sd n,d-
nuiesc n,asiadlde scris 81 nn voi
fl slit sd jupoi de pelc pc nenoro-
citnl meM semen. Eu am on,orit
sopdrIe pc ldnSd gordurile celc
vechi; am dlergos dupd flMuri, du-
pd dcuste, dapd vrdbii, dupd CD
rdbusi 81 dupd licurici. Am ausit
bahditat bufnifsi 81 tipdtM cucure-
lei, 6tratul uulpei de pc piscurile
inalte 81 cdnteeele .greerilor din
y
crdpdturile malhrilor 81 am crdpat
busteni Gu pane, lovind IN ca cu
n,aiul de nuc. Am sd viu sd dau
0 rcstd Ia toti. | Pdnd acum nam
mici IN adversGr, dor docd Sc ga
ivi rre-unul, md psnd cd Il voi da
goand de care ma mai vdzut.
III. 4. Taydprt Barbo,trmlle,
Knor County, Hy."
Cetind m,amifsstut original al d.
Taylor tdrd sd }anti sd-i pdtrunsi
intelesal, ~ facl,ippresia cd un
fel DC Ndstrsti sysa, slor ,sacd
esti IN stare sd-i ofi cimilitura,
Vezi cd nu-s 0 ndzdrdvdnie CT un
manifest cu tale, IN parabole asa
cum q putnt-o spMne omul ca sd
mu-si gdseascd Bacdul, IN loc sd a.
jungd IN functm la care aspird.
VI C4RIBUS.
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
PAcEA FRANCEzA.
TURCA
Delegatii nationalist vor SEM
ma pacea Ia Paris.

LONDRA, 2 Martie. a aflat
astazi ca pacea intre Franta 81 ma
tionaltisii turci Sc va SIENNA proba-
bill maine, sau in orice caz inainte
de sfirsitul saptamanei. Semnarea
pacei va avea loc la Paris.
Delegate turci de aici 81 guver-
null francez au 81 telegrafiat GU
vernului de Angora a lui Mustafs
Kemal Pasa pentru incetarea osti.
litatilor.
Att delegatii turei al guvernului
de Angora cat 81 al guvernului din
Constantinopol au PRINT instruc-
tiuni Sc accepte propunerile ALA
tilor pentfu 0 comisiune care sc
cerceteze dorintele populatinnei
grece 81 turce in districtul Smirns
81 in Tracia.
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
500 RoSn AREsTAJI
Trupele italiene IS lupt& q
Comuni3tii.

FLORENTA, Italia, 3 Martie.
Patru suite de communist au dus %
lupta inversunata eri in fata Guar
tier,llni neutrality-suspicious. devastat Gu
gnarzii regal 81 fascist. In cele
din ur,na comnnistii au fost In
yinsi u risipin de trupele de ca
valerie.
San fSctit cinci suite de arestari.
Extremistii sp fortat pe lqcratori
dela tramvaie sl pardseasca lucru.
Servici,il tramvaielor ~ reluat
mai tirxin snh protectia p0litiei.
III
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
FoRIELE PANAMEI CTS
TI6A o. NOUA lSBtNDA
1tupels Costa Ricsi b6tute din
nou q mai captureasA IN Va.

WASHINGTON, 2 Martie.
Dupa rapoarte prilnite Ia legatiu-
aea Panamei, So reluat luptele IN
stre trnpele Panamei 81 ale Costa
Ricei pentrn teritorul Coto care 9
disputat.
9 telesfama primita de legatia
nee e. tyupele costa ricane au dat
seri un non atac in districtul Cotc
81 tr,lpsle Panamsi a mai captu.
rat nn vas " motor 81 100 de q.
Iiaeni.
O telegrana precedenta primiti
nusinieI IA sIesatie sieea et tra'
psls RaRemei ~ cepturAt u ~
ep ltoi lll 60 ~ ye1it sjutos
|s y ) Z u opIo. d
America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1921-03-03
DeIsgatii eerInani
au PRINT ultlnlat

LONDRA, 3 Martie. -Aliatii au
predat- un ultimat delegation ger
mani ca sd primeasca conditiile a.
liatilor prezentate lor Luhi.
Lloyd George spus delegation
ca in caz de refuz vor Ii luate ur-
matoarele represalii:
Ocupatia Drisbergului, a punctc-
lor din Ruhr 81 a Dusseldorfului.
Perceperea unei take potrivite
asupra tuturor exporturilor ger
NAME .lAa1l
Crearea unei linii de wanna dea-
lungul Rinului.
Mihistrul de rasboiu al Frantei,
Barthou, a parasit All Londra pen
tru a fl la resortul sau in caz de
lipsa.
Ocuparea oraselor germane poate
Fl efeptuita fara intregirea trupe-
lro de ocupatie. Ocupatia va taia
total valea Ruhrului de restul Ger
maniei. In afara de ocupatie s'a
planuit ocuparea tuturor caselor
de wanna.
Atitudinea Statelor Unite sc as
teapta Gu mare grije. Daily News
spune ca guvernul american in
formal despre toate miscarile poll.
ticianilOr.
Tn delegat german a declarat
urmatoarele: "Noi vom face t0t
posibilul So facem propositiile noa-
sire eat de attractive. Unicul'smo.
tiv care near face Sd parasim Lon
dra ar fl daca aliatii near cere 81
iscalim hotaririle din Paris fara
nici reserva. "