davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15

man empire was more disastrous to the world at large than the conditions we now face threaten to be-"
 MT. Cockran's speech followed on the heels of pleas of Chairman Ford ney, Representative Young of North Dakota and other republicans for a unified stand by their party in SUD- port of the measure.
 TREADWAY FLOPS
 During the debate Representative Treadway, republican. Massachusetts who@ opposed the bill in the last Con gress, announced his support of the proposition this time explaining that there were several reasons why a man who voted against it before could vote for it now, chief among them be- ing the guiding advice of our great leader, the President"
 MT. Treadways declaration was quickly followed by a series of cries, wool, wool' from the democratic side of the chamber. He replied that he felt the time had arrived when he could support the bill regardless of the wool provisions which were altered by the Senate in the last session.
 The Texas delegation showed a split again notwithstanding the binding resolution of the democratic caucus yesterday. Representative Garner, al- thcuSH uS NOleu TOT the Dill last SeS- sion, was in charge of the opposition today as the floor manager, while Representative Rudspeth spoke at length in support of the bill criticiz- ing 1t only te the extent that hides were not included in the protected list. MT. Hudspeth also assailed provisions Of the Underwood tariff act, which he declared had made sheep sell on the streets of El Paso Tex, at 55 cents a head and wool at four cents a pound.
 TAX QUESTION ENTERS
 Tax questions entered into the dis cussions several times and Represen- tative Frear, republican, Wisconsin, vigorously attacked the proposed sales tax. He was followed by Representa- tive Longworth, republican, Ohio, who said, MT. Frear is no more opposed to the sales tax than I am."
 MT. Fordney took occasion to re- ply to statements in the minority re- port which he said did him a "very great injustice" He referred to charges that he favored the bill be- cause of private commercial connec- tions which the minority report held would profit by the emergency tariff
 T never owned dollars worth of sugar stock in my life,'' Mir. Fordney exclaimed heatedly. Tt is from princi- pie that I support this measure"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
SOUTHERN FARMS AMPLY SUPPLIED
 WITH LABORERS
Alabama and Other States, Federal Report Says, Can not Handle Army of Un-
 employed Men
By HUGH W. ROBERTS Washington Bureau The Age Herald
 BOO Davidson RuiIdinR

Washington, April 14.--(Special.)- The farm labor situation. according to the department of agriculture. is easier than it has been in the last three years
 The relative supply, according to the statisticians of the department, is 95.2, the relative demand s7 5, and the ratio of supply to demand 1OS.S. The reports from the several states in- clude the following:
 Alabama-Supply more plentiful and less expensive.
 Arkansas = Supply exceeds the de mand over the entire state.
 Florida-Supply plentiful and wages greatly reduced.
 orgia-Supply abundant, but no money with which to hire it; negro la- bor leaving as employment cannot be found.
 Louisiana-Supply ample: situation much better than last year.
 Mississippi-Supply generally plenti- full and more efficient than for several years.
 South Carolina-Supply normal.
 Tennessee-Supply plentiful in most localities, but wages remain higher than farmers feel able to pay.
 Texas--Labor sufficient for all re- quirements of the cotton crop
 Virginia-Supply ample for demand which appears to be less than usual.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
VIVIANI PRAISES
 HARDING'S ADDRESS
By Associated Press

New York, April 14.--Rene viviani, for mer premier of France, tonight praised President Harding's congressional ad- dress as firm and virile announce ment to the world of Germany's respon- abilities for the war and of her oblga- tions to make reparations"
 He was the principal speaker at ban quet given in his honor by the Franco American society.
 The French envoy declared that as France did not dishonor herself during the war so she would not dishonor her self in peace.
 We were the victims of the war" he said, but I assure you we will not be the victims of peace. If it is necessary to go to Germany for the reparations money we shall go.
 Speaking of the political conditions in this country, he declared he did not rec ognze either republican or democrat.
 Republican-democrat; what do these words mean?" he exclaimed T know only one America, a beautiful America which is similar to France in its every conceDfion of life"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15

America-she must throw the weight of her great power against the char acter of war that was being waged by Germany
 Ten men said it to the one man who would beas in heaviest measure the burden of that decision.
 And the one man who never evaded responsibility shared the view of his associates, and put his shoulders un- der the burden. From that hour he bore 1t with unfaltering courage. In the end it broke his health. but it never broke his spirit.
 Decision to call Congress in session on April 2, instead of on April 16. was quickly reached in the light of the bigger decision.
 It was when these matters had been settled that member of the cabinet read aloud a sheaf of telegrams con- veying the impression that the people of America were clamoring for war. and 1t was in response to this display of feeling that the President spoke the words with which I began my narrative.
 q WANT TO BE RIGHT
 We are not governed by opinion in our conclusion" said he. "I want to do right. whether 1t is popular or not"
 The next morning the President is- sued his proclamation summoning Con- gress for April g. to receive com munication by the executive on grave questions of national policy which should be taken immediately under consideration"
 In the meantime, returning from the cabinet meeting to the navy depart ment, had ordered the fleet to pro- ceed at once from it's maneuvering ground in Cuban waters to Hampton roads. If war was coming. we wanted our ships nearer home. But the details which have to do with the navy pro- gramme in these immediately pre-war days belong to another story
 The third article by Former Secre- tary Daniels, telling of the mobiliza- tion of the navy, will be printed in l The Age-Herald tomorrow.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
Dallas County Man Cures
 Domestic Care--- Weeds Cook

Selma, April )-La- bor troubles nt Tom Latham's home at Fremont reached such an acute stage that Mir. Latham de- cided to stabilize the economic con- ditiOn by making it impossible for the cook to quit. He married the cook.
 Today when Mir. Latham and Miss Minnie simpson of Stanton appeared before Judge W. M. Vaughan at the probate office, he was handed the usual query:
 "What seeketh thou." quoth the court.
 "I want a paper for cook" came the response, plainly and distinctly.
 "A cOOkf" politely inquired
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
DEATH MESSAGE RECEIVED
Moses P. Wright Will Be Buried In
 Tuskegee Today

Roanoke, April 14.-(Special.)- .)-News was received here by wire yesterday of the death of Moses P Wright. which occurred Tuesday night at the summer home of w. w. Campbell and J. c. Wright, near Indian Pass, Fla. The deceased had been in i'll health for several years, but pneumonia was the immediate cause of his death. The body will be sent to Tuskegee, the home of the deceased, and inferred Friday morning. MT. Wright was the brother of J. c. Wright and Mrs. Ida Johnston of Roanoke, who were with him in his last illness.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
ABANDONED MINES
 TO BE DISCUSSED

Washington, April 14-(Special) J. Congressional action necessary to im- mediately open the abandoned mines of the south and place the mining in- dustry on a going basis will be dis cussed at a conference with the ways and means subcommittee on metals and the representatives of the mineral division of the Southern Tariff asso- citation here on Monday. April IS, ac- cording to a statement issued today at the tariff associations headquar- ters.
 The Fordney emergency bill, which it is understood will be rushed through Congress, Is expected to af- ford temporary aid to the farmers, but no authoritative relief measure has been announced for opening the mines and it will probably require several months to enact the permanent tariff bill if it follows the usual course.
 Chairman Tilson of the ways and means subcommittee on metals, in dis cussing the conference, said, We are facing a very serious situation and we hope to work out some acceptable plan for immediately reviYing mineral production" Among the mining in- dustries that will send delegates tc the conference are: Asbestos, barium barytes, bauxite, cement, clay, ferro alloys, gypsum, graphite, marble monozite, manganese mica, potash pyrites. quicksilver. sulphur, tale and zinc.
 Washington, April 14.-(Special.)- Representative volstead, author of the act under which prohibition is said to
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15

Judge Vaughan, with nm incrcdu- lous look indicating that he be- neved his ears were wearing out.
 ~les, sir, n coOk,- repeated the applicant for the 'pnper' nnd turn ing to the attractive little woman who accompanied him, he asked, "YOur name is Minnie Simpson, ain't its
 When nasty "yeS, sirs has con- vinced him that his memory was all right, he explained to Judge Vaughan that they wanted to be married.
 After the short ceremony, when the marriage register had been signed, the groom had trouble in making O-t the proper change for the S3 fee asked. Judge Vaughan supplied n nickel, and the happy transaction was ended
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
Will Reach Jury Today

Bristol, Tenn, April 14.-The case of the 14 men on trial at Jonesboro, Tenn, in connection with the storm ing of the Washington county jail last October will probably go to the jury tomorrow afternoon. Following the examination of several witnesses, the defense closed late this afternoon and the arguments will begin in the morn- ing. Taking of evidence for the de- fense occupied the entire day.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
FARMERS PLANTING
Bibb County Will Reduce Cotton and
 Diversity

Centreville, April 14.-(Special)- The farmers in this section are busy planting their crops and more corn is being planted than was ever known before in Bibb county. The local mer- chants have sold a great many velvet beans and it is evident that the peo- pie of Bibb county are not going to take any chances on the food and feed propositions, but are going to raise themselves these things. Most of the farmers seem to be disgusted with trying to raise cotton and the acreage in this county given to cotton will be extremely small.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
STATE WILL ORGANIZE
Mississippi Business Men Meet In
 Jackson Saturday

Meridian, Miss. April 14.-( Especially o. L. Mckay temporary president of the state chamber of commerce, will leave tomorrow morning for Jackson where the organization will be made permanent at a meeting of represen- tative men of the state. Mir. Mckay. who Is president of the Meridian BoarI of Trade, is also chairman of the or- ganization committee of the state chamber of commerce, which has al- ready adopted tentative bylaws and constitution which are to be sub. mitted to the organization meeting In Jackson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
Presbyterians In Session

Anniston, April 14.-(Special.) )-An interesting meeting of the Busi- ness and Professional Woman's Circle of the First Presbyterian church was held in the Sunday school room of the church Wednes- day evening. Mrs. Mary s. Meighs. chairman of the No. 10 circle, gave an interesting report.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15
How America Entered World War Told By JoSephuS Daniels
(cOntinued from Page one)

were imminent that I sent out the fol- lowing telegram sir Alnav. Tn view of present international situa- tioh take every precaution to pro tect the government plants and ves- sels"
 "Alnavr was the code word for All the navy"
 I pass now to the second of the two pre-war cabinet meetings which had to do with big decisions. Much happened between February 2 and March 20 of absorbing interest and importance, but I will reserve the tell ing of it for a subsequent article.
 MARCH 20 HATEFUL DATE
 Tuesday. March 20, has been over looked in the war chronologies so far as l have observed. But the day should be there and underscored as a day fateful for America and man kind.
 Eleven days earlier the President had called Congress to meet in spe- cial session on April Is "to receive such communication as may be made by the executive
 But events were moving rapidly. Four American vessels had been sunk without warning-the Algonquin, City of Memphis, Illinois and Vigilarcia-- with the loss of American lives. Ger man U-boats were destroying shipping, neutral as well as belligerent, by the hundred thousand tons. On March 12 we had begun arming merchantmen but it was already evident this defense was insufficient.
 Shall Congress be called in session a-li dot
 If so, what message should the President send in view of the situa- tion?
 These were the two vitally impor- tant questions the meeting of March 20 was called to answer.
 WILSON EXPLAINS SITUATION
 With an even greater solemnity than had marked his utterance following the recepit of the U-boat note, the President set forth the serious char acter of the situation. He told what had been done to protect, American lives; he reviewed the failure of these measures to insure absolute security; he seemed disinclined to take the step which would allow of no recall, but. with sort of detachment from the emotional phases of the problem, he submitted it to the cabinet and in vited an individual expression of opin- ion.
 There were those present who had been ready for some months to enter the struggle; there were others who. sharing the eagerness of the President to protect American rights, if possible without recourse to war had come reluctantly to the decision that there was now nothing left to do but to defend those rights with the full power of the nation whatever cost 1t might involve.
 It was curious to listen to man after man present his views. Every man of the ten was making for the same goal. the same terrible but unacceptable objective, and every man approached it by different path.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-04-15

be enforced, makes public petition signed by a large number of doctors, in which is cited their conviction that the manufacture of beer and its sale should not be permitted" and that such beverages are not medicinal. Only one doctor living south of Wash ton signed the petition. He is R. A. Bartholomew. associate in gynecology and obstetrics. Emory University School of Medicine. Atlanta, Ga.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24

wv ITH the adoption OF the Democratic committee
w assignments Monday, the House OF Repre-
sentatves began to buckle down In earnest
its job OF putting through the legislative program
OF the Sxtysevenh Congress Since the real work Of
Congress is done in the committees and the commit
tees could not begin work until they organized
little work has been accomplished thus far.
The first action of the House. after ratifying the
committee assignments, to adopt resolution to
appoint special committee to investigate the reSpon-
sibity for the escape from the military authorities
last year of Grover Cleveland Bergdoll, Philadelphia
millionaire Stacker.
On Tuesday, the only business Of the House con-
sisted in Commute speech taxation by Represent
ative Simeon d. Fess OF Ohio, and the reportngs Of
the immigration restriction bill
The immigration bill was taken up Wedncs-
day and discussed that day and Thursday with vote
certain early Friday.
In the meantime the major committees were or
ganized and beginning to function Subcommittee Of
the Appropriation Committee Naval and Military
Affairs met to discuss the advsabily OF making
changes in the army and navy appropriation bills from
the form in which they were "pocket-vetoed" BY
President Wilson at the end OF last session.
suggestion was made that the naval building
program be slowed up in the interest of governmental
economy. Secretary DENLY OF the Navy Department
was called in but he opposed the suggestion insisting
that the appropriation for the building program could
be cut below $ooooo,ooo, the amount allowed in
the bill.
similar position taken by Secreary of War
Weeks on the army bill. While the original House bill
made appropriations sufficient to provide for an army
of 10000 men, Secretary Weeks expressed his belief
that $4,000 men were necessary.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24
Veterans Civilian Welfare.
. ATIFICATIoN of the Colombian treaty. organi.
IL ration of standing committees, confirmation OF
Col George Harvey as Ambassador to Great

N ONG strides toward assumption by the govern
ment OF joint responsibility with citizens for the
81. peoples well-being. particularly in the case of
military veterans, made last week
Brig. Gen. Charles E. Sawyer, the Presidents per-
sonai physician presented to the Senate Committee on
Education and Labor detailed plan for creation of
the much discussed Department of Public Welfare and
Secretary of the Treasury Mellon issued an order con-
solidating all work. Offices and personnel of the u S.
Public Health Service connected with the treatment
OF disabled veterans with the exception of hospitals
and dispensaries in the Bureau of War Risk Insurance
Gen. Sawyer stressed President Harding's desire
for the early institution Of the new department 1t
would contain four major divisions respectively con-
cerned with (a) education (b) public health (c) social
service and (d) veterans service each under an as
sistant secretary.
Under these divisions would come the following
functions: (a), agencies dealing with vocational edu-
cation save that given soldiers cooperative
with States, and education relating to physical devel
opment teaching public schools, rural schools, and
perhaps education Of soIdiers (b) eo-ordnated re-
search work. disqualification quarantine and sanitation;
(c) concentration of all humanizing agencies of the
and cooperation with various uplift ac-
tvities d) activities in connection with former serv-
ice men, including War Risk Bureau, Pension Office
Vocational Training, etc.
Secretary Melons consolidation order in line
with recent Recommendations off ahe special Presi-
ddnsai committee, headed by Brig 'Genl Charles c.
Dawes g1si bisiirs 90 sd.tL " ~ 5 GYew oI'gi
All the field Offices Of the Pv5lic Health Service
engaged in search for suitable hEspt bed facilities
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24
World Debt to u. S.

r INVESTMENTS and loans of American citizens
exporters, businessmen, farmers and OF the United
= States government in foreign countries now total
than $4,000 100000 official reports of the Treas
ury Department and Department of Commerce show.
This is the total which the world now owes the
United States partly result OF the and partly
from trade The debt is increasing at the rate OF
almost $Io.ooo,ooo day. including Sundays counting
deferred interest payments and the foreign trade
balance.
The worlds debt itemizes thus:
Due to the United States, approximately $4,000
advanced as loans due to the government,
s. $3ooooooooo for surplus material sold abroad:
due to American exporters and manufacturers about
$3oooooo for goods delivered due to American
investors, $aoooooo,ooo bonds of foreign govern
ments sold here and stock in foreign industrial
concerns.
Europe is sending to the United States gold in so
large quantities that approximately one-third of the
worlds total of it is within the United States Gold
within the United States the latest report made BY
the Treasury totaled $3yooIJooo,ooo.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24
Supreme Court Rulings.

n ULINGS OF the Supreme Court handed down on
N the regular decision day last Monday were of
little consequence aside from that which upheld
the constitutionaty of the Ball act creating the Bent
Commission Of the District Of Columbia.
1t was the case of Julius Block Louis Hirsch,
friendly action the law under which the COM
mission has been operating for several years. and under
which 1900 rent determin atoms had been made The
lower courts were filed with litigants more than 70
per cent of the Rent Commission rulings having been
ignored chiefly by landlords. in the belief that the act
would be declared unconstitutional The Ball rent act
made law during the means of curbing
landlord profteers and under it restricted
to something like their prewar status.
The decision of the Supreme Court, which was
read by Justice Holmes held that Congress has right
to restrict rents in emergencies Justices White, Nc
Kenna, Van Devanter and McReynolds dissented.
Senator Ball, author of the law. announced that by
the time expires in October next another bill will
have been introduced and probably passed perpeuatng
the law for at least two years. upon the ground that
the emergency under which rent profeers in the Ma
tional Capital need curbng has not subsidized Tens of
thousands of dollars were recovered by tenants who
had prosecuted their claims for reductions rest
tutions, it is said, and the Rent Commission has been
beehive of industry since the decision was handed
down, hearing new charges and DID, adjusting
in the past
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24
New Naturalization Law.

In line with his announced policy of recognizing
the Bureau of Naturalization, Secretary of Labor
Davis has caused to be drawn up bill to be intro
duced into Congress by which the name would be
changed to the Bureau of Americanization and its
functions broadened striking feature of the new
program, which is tentative, would be regulations re-
auirips persons to report to responsible
bodies each six months their whereabouts occupations,
intentions es 40 becoming citizens ete. This provision,
is felt, not only would foster practical patriotism,
but serve as . check on radical activities
The Washington herald., 1921-04-24
4 WEEK IN THE HOUSE AND SENATE

and all contracts with private institutions for treatment
Of former service will be taken over by the War
Risk. The bureau will establish adequate force of
medical inspectors insure proper and effective treat
ment of patients Of the bureau in whatever institution
they may be placed.
This action. the order sets forth. "consolidates
under the Bureau OF War Risk Insurance substantially
all the responsibilities committed to the Treasury
Department with respect to veterans" -