The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-05-03

THE SECOND TREATY, AUGUST B.. 1901
 The United States of America and His Majesty, the King of tho United Kingdom desirous to facilitate ths construction of ship canal to connect the Atlantic and Pa cific oceans, and to that end to remove any objection which may arise out of the con vention of April IS, 1850, commonly called the Clayton, ,Bulwer treaty, to the construc-. the sovsrnInent of the United states. with out impairing the general principle of neu- vention, have for that purpose appointed their plenipotentisriss.
 Ths high contracting parties agree that treaty n.
 &RTfchG i1aTfci,HH II 1T A'rr i' i''0'
 It is agreed that the canal may be con os ths unes sas sher n a s own cost or by Sift or loan of money to indi- vidu.ls or eorperations. or through subserip- the .aid government shall have and enjoy well as the exclusive right of providing for the regulation and management of the canal
 Tas United states adcpts as the basis following rules. substa ntiaiiy as embodied in tho convention of Constsntinepls, signed oetessr sss ss. ss l.ss for th. fire: navigation 1. The canal shall be free and open to tn: yssssls s, of csmm.rcs sa ana of war of all | there shall be no diseriminstion against any jects. in respect of the conditions or charges of traffic. or otherwise. Such conditions equitable.
 ?. The canal shall nevsr be biockadsd, any act of hostility be committed within it.. The United States, however. shall be at lib- eana sa s ay -Ssh Ss tay polcS along against lAwlessness and disorder.
 g Vessel. of war of belilgersnt shall not ssry; and the transit of such vessels regulations in force, and with only such sities of the service. Prizes shall be in all respects subject to the same rules of yes
 4 No beiligerent shali embark or dis embark s9,n troops, munftions of war. or war o n hs srfs, n the in such case the transit shall be resum cd with all possible dispatch.
 5. The provisions of this article shau sn- three miles of either end. Vessels of war waters longer than A hours at any one time except in case of distress, and in such vessel of war of one belligerent shall not depart within 4 hours from the departure
 e. The plants D1nsr oelageTent and all works necessary to the construc- 1aon ,ba n1.snanss hs sna operation of the ca- the purposes of this treaty. as in time of war war as ~ in time of peace, shall enjoy com beligerents. and from acts calculated to nal. " VI ARTICLE IfI-A
 mi. trass rssw or Q, me permanent character of tablished by Article viii of the b'nepis cavten sa Bulwer convention is reaffrrned the hirh that the rules iaid downs in the Iast agree Sre ceaing article shall so far as they may be cations aeross the a stbns ss, North and South America and that ne changs cha n or tsrritorlal soyersignty. or other 4 general principle, or the obliEations of ths ligh nigh contracting parties under the prescn
 The reader will mote that the United States now adopts the rules instead q, oreat Britain and the United States to. sether How can Great Britain obtair contract participation? You will nots I'm Rule of Article III of the second proposal the words which shall asret to observe these rules.' Later to cincb this we find that the two contractina parties shall bring such rules to the at. tention of other nations and invite thei, adherence. The invitation and accep. sl tanee would naturally constitute con. tract and the claim would very certainl, l follow. MT. Hay pointed out that there would be strong opposition "to inviting other powers to become contract parties ; 10 a treaty affecting the canal" so this ingenious attempt was abandoned as soon as it's purpose was understood.
 Not securing an extension of joint | protection upon which to base a claim for equal treatment what further effort l may we expect? As Article IT of the rinal treaty gives us full powers of man. IAgement and regulation and the omission I Of the words in time of peace as in time Of war. "confnes the application ol l the rules to neutral treatment of belis. erenfs other than ourselves we find an effort to qualify the rules by Article ilI-A, SO that they govern all inter. oceanic. communications across the isth- mus and this article also again makes an effort to extend contract agreement in saying the high contracting parties hereby declare and agree+that the rules shall govern all interoceanic communica- tions But consistent with the senate's $ awakened understanding and firm prin- ciple of refusing direct or indirect ef- forts to secure equal treatment with United States vessels or to invalida te Article II vesting in us an enjoymen. o1 the rights incident to construction it was not accepted. Now follows the fina' ! treaty as confirmed