davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
British Labor Fights Against
Returning to Old Conditions
Spreading Unrest Threatens Long Struggle,
With Forces of Realism and Idealism
Opposed, Says Gibbs.

twenty or thirty years Of a new
and devastating war. and whether
In moral and physical results the
victory in the last war was worth
its sacrfice Of blood and treasure
or was utterly demoralizing and
self-destructive.
Labor Changed by War.
. Let me examine first the psychol-
ogy of the laboring men and
women. They were profoundly
changed by the fve years Of war
conditions For the first time in
their lives they enjoyed some little
margin of wealth and luxury. The
government needed labor desperate
ly and was willing to pay any
wages demanded by workers. They
demanded more and more, striking
and winning always when they
learned their value and power.
The government yielded time and
again to keep them good-tempered
and Industrious while the war last
ed. The workers acquired new
tastes, dressed better. and were
lifted out of the squalor of their
old slums: spent their fine wages
prodigally and saved not a penny
for a rainy day.
Long after the war the govern
ment continued to control the in
dustries, and subsidies out of the
public money were used to sustain
wages while the cost of living
stayed high.
Challenge Confronts Miners.
1t was bound to stop. as was
shown by brutal figures, but wis
dom would have used the time since
the armistice to climb down grad
ually with full warning and ex-
PLANTATION instead OF issuing a sud
den and staggering challenge. That
has now happened to the miners, as
it soon will happen to other indus
tries, and not only the, miners but
all labor in the British Isles must
be confronted with drastic wage
cuts.
1t is no spirit OF revolution which
Is arousing their resistance. There
are revolutionary groups active in
many industries. but SO far without
much of a following and opposed to
the instincts of the vast majority.
Not a desire for revolution, but or
binary psychological laws after the
mental advantage OF the war are
the cause of the workers refusal
to accept lower wage scales.
Revolt Against Old Conditions.
They revolt against the idea of
returning to prewar conditions Of
life which for millions of them
meant foul slums. rags and tatters,
bare subsistence on the edge of
The Homecoming soldiers, now
again in the ranks Of labor, learned
A larger life in the war.
, They lived out of doors under the
great sky. They had leisure for
entertainment outside the breast
lines Of trenches. They looked for
ward to a life after the war. IL they
had the luck to live, as a good re-
ward for gallant service. And un .
CONTINUED ON PAGE TwELvH
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Man on Deserter List
ProUes Officer in NaUy

Announcement was made by the
War Department last night that the
name of Stanley Harrison French.
Of Brooklyn, N. Y, has been re-
moved from the draft deserter list
just issued for that district
Admitting that French, who
served in the Navy during the war.
had been wrongfully classed as a
deserter, the War Department
stated that the probable explanation
of the mistake was that French
gave different addresses at the time
OF registration for the draft and
when he enrolled in the Naval Re-
serve Corps. French reached the
rank Of lieutenant commander in
the navy. g. h.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
BY SIR. PHILIP GIBBS.

Special Gable to The ws.hington Herald
LONDON. May I'll want to tell
the American people the underlying
meaning Of what is happening in
England now. for they must be
mystined, and perhaps, as friends
somewhat alarmed by the news
paper dispatches from correspond
ents on this side. Since my last
message the miners again have
broken of negotiations with the
coal mine owners in spite of great
concessions offered by the govern
ment and the employers, SO that
every great industry is crippled.
There have been but few trains
running and the gas lighting in
many towns has been reduced to
wartime conditions.
Sees Moral Struggle.
That news has reached the United
States day by day. but it is perhaps
unlikely that the meaning of this
struggle has been clearly explained.
Something is happening in England
bigger than the down tools" ac-
tion by the miners. though that has
been serious enough. 1t is a moral
conflict far more than merely a
material struggle between capital
and labor. 1t Is a battle between
the forces of evil and ignorance
on both sides. and goodwill and
knowledge on both sides also are
striving for victory in the national
conscience.
1nstinctively every class in Eng
land knows that issues are now
being raised that will decide not
only whether the miners shall re-
ceive certain wages, but whether
the British empire will continue to
hold her place and power or fall
rapidly in decay. whether there
shall be a European peace OF
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
N. Y. Police Parade
Seen by 225 Chiefs
NEW YORK, Nav I

NEW YORK, May New FORKS
finest" paraded today.
The annual police parade, always
spectacle to draw crowds by the
thousands, included two new fea-
lures. One was the halting Of the
march Of the 1000 bluecoats for
two minutes in honor Of dead Amer
ican soldiers who lay in caskets on
a pier Just across the Hudson River.
The other was that the police wa-e
reviewed by police chiefs Of zz5
cities. who had just completed the
formation Of a National Police Ba-
reau.
The bureau, IL was announced.
will be headed by Douglas 1. AIc-
Kay, special deputy commissioner
in New York Under II officers ir
one city will cooperate with all
others ans with the National De-
pa<tnent Of yustscs,
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Fan Returns
When Wilson
Watches Play
Former President Goes to
First Game Since
War Started.

For the flrst time I'm four years
aimee the United States entered
the great war-former President
Wilson attended n ball game at
the wsshingtop park yesterday.
Shortly before the game his big
limousine rolled into the grounds
and was driven into the open
space between the end of the
right-field pavilion and the fence.
where he could command n view
of the game without leaving his
seat. One OF the Washfngton
players was assigned to sit near
the machine, presumably to stop
any drives that might endanger
Mr.. Wilson.
The former Chief Executive
stayed until Ruth and Meusel
had knocked their home runs.
shortly after the seventh inning
he drove away.
Few persons In the park knew
who occupied the ineonspicuous
machine.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
STRIKE SITUATION
In BRITAIN TAKES
TURN FOR WORSE
Transport and Rail Men
Refuse to Handle
Foreign Coal.
Especial csble to The Washington Herald
-...-. and Chicago Trihnne.) -F-a-e
By AMBROSE LAMBERT.

LONDON, May THE coal situa-
ton took a more serious turn to-
day. The Transport Workers Fed
GRAFTON and the Railwaymen's Union
issued a joint manifesto calling all
sections of their members to refuse
to handle foreign coal, large guam
titles of which are due next week.
The manifesto was signed by
Cramp. Williams and Gosling on
behalf of the railwaymen and
transport workers.
Glasgow harbor is at a standstill
The dock laborers struck last nigh>
because of the employment of non
union men to discharge Welsh coal
for the Caledonian Railway.
Trouble in Unloading Coal.
A number of coal-bearing ships
have been lying at the docks for
the past fortnight Recently nom
unionists began discharging coal
from steamers and it was because
of this that the trouble started.
Glasgow conditions are repro
duced on the Thames, where thou
sands of tons of coal have been
held up. Unlimited supplies are
expected from America and the con-
tinent. which the authorities are
determined to unload.
The executives of the Transport
Workers Federation will meet in
London on Tuesday to decide on
their policy.
Isolated cases of trouble between
strikers and owners are occurring
interference with safety men come
from Rhondda Valley and Stirling
shire, and coal destined for a hospi-
tai in Nottingham was stopped by
strikers, the motor lorry carrying Ii
being smashed and the driver
beaten.
Cautions Against Riots.
Herbert Smith, the miners presi-
dent, speaking at Sheffield today
said: Let there be no riots. 1t is
better to give up Immediately than
to attempt them. The employers
and the government are disappoint-
ed because you have not taken part
in riots. They have done every
thing to induce you to riot"
The owners refused to consider a
national pool, on the ground that 1t
would bring disaster to the indus
try. They say state pooling would
involve national control and that
the experience of the last few years
has demonstrated that demoralizing
results would follow.
Copyright, ls2i.)
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
LEGUIA IMPRISONS
FORMER PRESIDENT

BUENoS AIRES. May 7.-Genaral
Benavidez, former President OF
Peru. is President Leguia's latest
addition to the political prisoners
being held ON San Lorenzo island.
General Benavidez had Just re-
turned from Europe where he had
been sent on diplomatic mission
by the government preceding Le-
guia's.
Deputy Prado, a member of the
Peruvian Congress, has also been
arrested for political opposition to
Leguia and sent to San Lorenzo
II is reported that the forces sta
TONED at Calico have been increas-
ed to prevent an uprising of the
San Lorenzo prisoners.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Allies Inform Silesians
Treaty Must Be Obeyed

PARIS, May THE council Of
ambassadors today instructed the
allied commission IN Upper silesia
TO issue a proclamation TO the In
habitants. condemning the present
disorders and announcing that No
display OF force would prevent the
entente from disposing Of the pleb-
iscite areas in accordance with the
treaty of vsrs2QleA
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Girl Accidentally Hanged
Entering Church Wii,dolD

LYNcHBURG. Va, May Ada,
13-year-old daughter Of Robert Ty-
rec. was accidentally hanged in a
window of the Sandy Bottom
Church, near Madison Heights. this
forenoon when she attempted to
enter the Church by raising a win
dow. Apparently she allowed the
sash to drop and was caught and
held by the neck. When found lat
er a physician said she had been
haalkAa
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Especial cabls to The wsshinetsn Hsrsld
and Chicago Tribuns.)
BY LARRY RUE.

oPPELN, Upper silesia, May D.
Here in a nutshell is a picture Of
the league Of nations battle to re-
store order in Upper Snesia. where
Polish insurgents are terrortzing
the district Many illustrations of
International confusion are evident
today. The Poles alone seem 70
have formed any definite plans or
policies.
The insurgents are advancing and
consolidating their gains every
where. being outntted with full
military equipment brought from
across the border. Field kitchens
are smoking and sentries posted
along the route. while ammunI-
ton trains are slowly following up
the infantry.
Set Up AdmfnistrationH-
Then follow civilian propagsn-
dists who, operating throughout tn.
towns in the affected district. are
setting up civilian administration.
The Polish lines pass near or
through Cosel. Gross StrehIitz. Gut
tentag, Rosenberg and KreuIberg.
The most severe fighting today Is
in the Pless and Rybnim districts.
In Gross Strehlitz Col. Bond the
British control officer. and other
British officers and noncommis-
stoned officers, were in command
Of a detachment Of Italian troops.
There Col. Bond and his men de-
feated 5000 Polish insurgents in the
first battle. although the inter
allied troops were heavily outnum-
bered.
Poles Violate Truce.
After their defeat the insurgents
intrenched, and at night the Polish
commander. carrying a white flag.
sought a truce. which was granted
provided the Poles remained outside
the city. Yesterday morning. violat-
ing their truce. the Poles attacked
the city, capturing the railroad sta
ton. In the street fighting which
followed, the Italians suffered
heavily.
In the counter attack Sergeant
Major Kelly, Of the British army.
was severely wounded while leading
an Italian infantry charge.
Refugees Crowd City.
According to the latest reports.
10000 refugees were driven across
the Oder River, hlliuR the cities Of
Oppeln, Beuthen and the towns
along the border. They tell stories
OF a ten-hour hght in the woods
and of how the insurgents plum
dered the Upper Silesian villages
One report says that American Re
lief depots have been plundered.
The reports say that Polish reg
ulars are pouring over the boun-
dairy, giving rifies and grenades to
insurgents and capturing those who
are not willing to join the uprisI lE
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Princess Xenia and Leeds
To Be Married in London

LONDON. May 1.-THE Evening
News said today that the marriage
of Princess xenia of Greece and
William B. L.eds, jr.. wealthy young
Anne rican, would take place in the
Greek church here this summer. 8
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
CANTON CHINESE
HEAD DENOUNCES.
JAP INTERFERENCE
New Regime Seeks Aid
Of Powers to Bring
About Peace.
Especial Gable to washington Herald }

CANTON China, May Sd. (de-
d.)-Sun Vat Sen. president Of
the Canton Chinese government, to-
day outlined his proposed policies
in the first interview he has given
as president.
My first move after my inaugur-
alton of Thursday" he said, will
be to seek foreign recognition.
Seeks Recognition.
las a legally constituted parlia-
ment. my administration hopes to
show the powers 1 am not a rebei.
but that Hsu Shin Chang, whose
presidency is Illegal, is the rebel
''The second move will be the
unifcation of China on a plan OF
local autonomy similar to that in
force in America, giving far great
er power to the communities.
Il will abolish military governor
snip and re-establish civil authority
and will reduce to minimum the
army which now is considerably
over one million.
st will modernize China and start
the building of railroads.
BIames Japan's Policy.
"I will restore China's position
by denouncing Japan's twenty-one
demands, which are the backbone of
her policy.
"China's trouble during the last
four years has been directly due to
the Japanese militarists. who aim to
'Koreaize' China.
America has aided Japan, by rec
ognizing Hsu (head of the Pekin
government which is opposed to the
Canton government). whom Japan
put in ONCE, but America did not
know.
Desires Foreign Aid.
we desire proper foreign aid.
and favor a consortium, but money
loaned to Pekin will injure instead
of help, for Pekin is powerless IN
the hands of the militarists.
THE province of Kwangsi now is
against Canton. They
have about $4,000 troops. This being
the only section now striking
against us. we hope to Withstand
the shock.
"Our immediate need is foreign
recognition. with this prestige the
other provinces would rally around
my government"
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Shortage Revealed
As Cashier Leaves

RoSEDALE, Miss. May 7.-Du-
bose CLANCY, missing assistant
cashier and bookkeeper of the VAL
ley Bank here is short about $4,000
In his accounts at the bank, w. R.
Roberts. president of the institu-
tion said today,
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
PEACE In IRELAND
AWAITS ELECTIONS,
WITH AGREEMENT
Ulster and Sim Fein See
Hope of Reaching
Unity.
Especial Gable to The washingtou Herald
and Chicago TribuDe)
By JOHN STEELE

and Chicago TribuDe.)
By JOHN STEELE
DUBLIN. May There will be
no formal peace in Ireland unail
after the elections Of May 81.
Whether there will be peace after
will of the Sim Fein on one side
and Ulster on the other.
It will be a matter of negotia-
tions between these two parties,
with England as an interested
third party willing to indorse any
agreement arrived at short of sep
.araIion from the empire.
Purely Irish Pariey.
This is the net result of the con-
versation in Dublin on Thursday
between Sir James Craig. premier
designate of Ulster. and Eamonn
De Valera. president of the Irish
republic"
The interview was the result of
an invitation from De Valera. who,
impressed by the signs of an olive
branch in Sir James recent speech
es, determined to see IL Irishmen
NOSAN NV SSAAAo INC Al Ash VutSAOn
themselves,
Each man confined himself IL
finding the others point of view,
neither pledginE himself to any
thing. Sir James speeches on his
return to Belfast were a disappoint-
ment to many VIII, had hoped to see
immediate results but they were
quite satisfactory to the leaders in
the South who see a germ Of peace
in them
Both Sides Hopeful.
The situation, as it now stands
is that each side feels itself strong
and respects the strength Of the
other. The Sim Fein feeling is much
firmer now than IL was a few
months ago and the leaders are now
confident that they can hold their
followers and that they will not be
conquered by military force but
they are willing to make bsrga ins
with equals in the cause of peace.
Ulster is strong in a possession OF
her own parliament which enables
her to bargain with something IN
hand. She also recognizes the de-
STABILITY of a united ireland. with
the control of its own finances, II
her special interests are safeguarded
Lord Justice O'Connor. who is q
moderate nationalist, acted as a So-
between to bring Craig and De Va
lera together.
Copyright, ls2l)
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Italia n Troops Suffer
When Foes Break
Their Truce.
REFUGEES DRIVEN
ACROSS THE ODER
American Relief Depots
Plunder of Poles, Re
port Says.

BERLIN, May 2. - 6er1nn
troops, with their helmets and
rifles decorated with flowers. N
they were I'm 1914, and singing
patriotic Mrs, entrained at
stettner station for Breslsu, for
Possible service I'm Upper stlesta-
The Socialists are prOte<tfnE
against the concentrnttou ef
troops on the Suesksn border,
saying that Il may lead 20 WIT.
Coopyfieht, lsal.)
The Washington herald., 1921-05-08
Importers Are Active.

IL was therefore apparent thar a
large part of the opposition 10
the American valuation plan, which
had found vigorous expression. NOT
CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO
The Keota news., 1921-01-07

than billions Of dollars spent later In
suppressing international warfare aud
strife"
NJ. vickrey consider the need In
the Near East and especially In A..
menia greater than anywhere else In
the world. because. - he says. "ln the
countries Of Central Europe there are
going governments which have merely
been Temporarily impoverished By war.
In the Near East. on the other hand,
there 10 no such thing % stable gov.
ernmsnt The whole fabric Of the
STATE has to b created from the be.
ginning. and the innocent and help.
Iess children have to b trained to the
responsibilities Of future citizenship.
Peace In the Near East and, In great
measure, throughout the world, will
depend very largely on the character
Of the citisenship Of the peoples Of the
Near East"
Irresistible Appeal q Orphans.
Describing the orphanage work Of
the Near East Relief In the Armenian
Republic, Ar. vickrsy said:
I'VE have at Alexandropol in the
Caucasus. one orphanage where there
are approximately 10000 homeless
children. fatherless or motherless,
many Of them having no known living
relative. Some Of them do not even
Know their own names. or the place Of
their birth. They have shown wonder.
fnl recuperative powers, and to zee
them play their kindergarten or other
games under the direction Of our Ameri.
can relief workers. one could never he.
lleve that they had passed through
the years Of suffering that most Of
them have experienced since they, or
their parents. were driven from their
The Keota news., 1921-01-07
CHILD SAVING WORK
N ARMENIA TOLD
BY AN AMERICAN
Charles Y. Wckrey Gives Facts
Of Near East Relief Pro.
gram for Orphans.

Charles '. vickrsy. general secrs'
eaPy Of the Near East Relief. has ~
turned from . trip Of Inspection
throughout Central Europe and the
Near East. and made q report to the
trustees Of the Near East Relief In
which he covers In detail the actual
work Of child saving now being con.
Quoted By the great American relief
organixation IN the Near East. Mr..
vickrey believes that = few millions
Of dollars wisely expended at thls time
10 the education Of the children OF
the Near East. in character building
and In moulding these young lives.
Will b worth vastly more % the world
The Keota news., 1921-01-07
PEACEFUL pRoveGarrv.

PEACEFUL PR0xsGRrrv.
Where shall the weary eye dnd rest
in looking over public affairs In any
part Of the world? A favorable re.
spouse comes At least from the out.
lying possessions Of the United States.
Little Porto Rico claims the floor to
say that during the 20 years Il has
been under the dag Of the United
States It has steadily improved In oil
respects. that there 10 no unrest there
and no occasion for Il. Porto Rico
70 pleased. appreciates it, good for.
tune and cheerfuily hopes to deserve
moro Of the same kind. says 81. Louis
Globe Democrat. 1ts trade 10 ten
times what II was under Spanish rule.
its schools beyond comparison arc
more e'hcient than formerly. it, roads
are far better and Industries more
profitable. Irrigation has been intro.
duced and several millions spent In
thus making crops certain. In q word.
the teeming little island not only de.
ciines to Join the army Of discomfort,
but thankfully enjoys the blessings
already bestowed. with an excellent
prospect that they will continue. No
suicidal strikes rip up the business
OF the island. Everybody seems snt.
ished with tranquil conditions and
growing Drosperiiv
The Keota news., 1921-01-07

Problems Of conduct usually begin
with the phrnse "Ought l." But there
II another code than that which kceps
Just within the law. Nobody. can say
thnt girl ought to give up her sen,
10 man. but when young girl does
socr'hce her seat to an elderly man
Is gracious thing. It makes the
oystander think that It would he
PHEASANT to know her. There Is a
erent deal Of this to see-littie, nj.
most unconscious acts Of courtesy.
perssips no more than the holding of
door Tor an older person or won
an "n"umbered with parcels, says Nil,
The Keota news., 1921-01-07
Aisatian Potash Deposits.

The restoration of Aisacc to France
puts tile French IT. possession Of the
valuable deposits Of potassium chloride
discovered in 1904. Those rich de-
pOsits cover IN area Of seven square
miles to the northwest Of Mulhousc.
The estimated available quantity II
three hundred million tons. They could
he made to yield an annual output Of
eight hundred thousand tons. at low
working cost. Already fifteen shafts
have been sunk: but production was
hindered br legal restrictions arising
out Of the German potash laws.