The New York herald., 1921-12-09
POWERS TO RESPECT
CHINA In TREATIES
Continued from First Page.

East. including or specially mentioning
China.
These all have one or more Of the
following three features
81 A declaration that the contracting
parties have a special interest in hav-
ing order and a pacific state Of things
guaranteed in the regions of China
adjacent to the territories where the
contracting Powers have rights of SOW
ereignty protection or occupation, and
engage to support each other for assur-
ing the peace and security in these re-
gions; or
"2. declaration to support the in
dependence and integrity of China and
the maintenance of the open door for
foreign commerce and to aid each other
for the defeuce OF the contracting
parties special interests In said regions (;
or
"3. The recognition by one contract
ing Power to the effect. that since pro-
pinquity creates special relations. the
other contracting Power has special In
tcrests in China.
1T was clear that any one OF the
foregoing three features must be OF
vital interest to China. The assurance
OF peace and order in any part of Chi
nese territory was a matter OF great
concern to China herself. The mainte-
nance of the independence and terri
torial integrity of China touches the su-
preme rights Of China. AS TO the recog-
milton OF propinquity as creating special
interests in China, it was equally OBJ
vious that such recognition could not be
valid, because special interests on Chi
rose territory could not be created with
out the consent of China. and China has
always contested tha soundness of the
doctrine of propinqUt.y."
Mr.. Balfour, according to the official
communique, said the whole tenor or
the discussion on China's affairs proved
the desire to -emoye as far as possible
the abnormal conditions existing In
| China and to bring r, lations with emma
| into that normal course of policy which
| regulates the relations between civilized
| States. So far as Great Britain was con-
cerned, spheres OF interest We're thing
Of. the past A better way Of dealing
with the matter was to make clear what
had already peen implicitly, If not eX-
plicitly, indicated, namely, 70 declare
that no one wished 10 perpetuate either
the system or spheres of interest or
the international understandings on
which they depended.
Mr.. Balfour thought It wa ne hope
| OF all those present to place China in
position to defend h. interests, to pro-
| ~
the prey of acquisitlvc Powers. He did
not think that this end was likely to
be attained by adopting the broad prin-
ciple proposed by the Chinese delegation,
but rather by dealrg with the diff
culties which beset China one by one.
He could not see that the position was
helped by the principle proposed by the
| Chinese delegation, which went good
| deal beyond t.ny existing principle OF
| international law. The term employed
namely, ''The Pacific and Far East" was
| as broad as the raclfic itseIr.
He could not believe that the Powers
represented at this table would accept it,
more especially as China was not in POS
session of material forces to enable hel
to carry out any policy outside her own
frontier. He asked If 1t had occurred tc
Mr.. koo that his principal involved g
| limitation of the treaty making rights OF
| Powers which could hardly be accepted.
All agreed that treaties had been en-
tered into not only in regard to China
bu- also to other nations which reflected
no credit on those who had concluded
them. For this evil the great remedy
was publicity. That was the real pro-
lection for China. The whole world
would become the Judge of her future
treaties. He would therefore ask his