davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
PORTLAND CEMENT
HAS BANNER YEAR
Production, Shipment and
Gross Value in 1920 Sur
pass Previous Records.

In the production, shipment and
gross value of Portland cement 1920
was record year, according to esti-
mates prepared under the supervi-
sion of Ernest +. Burchard, of the
United States Geological Survey, De-
partment of the Interior. The pro-
duction is estimated at 100, 1902, 200
barrels, and the shipments at &c.
$4,000 barrels, valued at Sl93,54S.-
900, compared with 80,769,37S barrels
manufactured and S5.596,6l6 barrels
valued at S146,656.O76, shipped in
1919, an increase of "a per cent in
production, 13 per cent in ship
ments and 31.9 per cent in value OF
shipments in 1920. The stocks of An
ished cement increased from $3.50,
497 barrels at the end Of 1919 Ia
about S.290,OO0 barrels at the end OF
1920 or more than Al per cent. The
average factory price in bulk at the
mills for the whole country was
S2.O1 a barrel in 1920. compared
with Sill in 1919, an increase of
17.5 per cent.
December Report Estimated.
The statistics for 1920 include re-
ports from practically all manufac-
turers of Portland cement, and are
based on records for the first
eleven months plus estimates for
December. Some of the estimates
for December may have been toe
large. so that when the final returns
for 1920 are received the actual pro-
duction and shipments may prove tC
be slightly lower and the stocks OF
hand slightly greater than the fig
ures here given.
In 1920 there were lis plants
manufacturing Portland cement in
the United States, compared with III
active plants in 1919. Pennsylvania
leads in the production OF cement
the total last year amounting tc
%, 365. 900 barrels. Indiana ranks
second with production of 1O,70C
barrels.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
CASTOR OIL PRODUCTION
INCREASED DURING WAR
Recent Experiments Show Mineral Oil More
Satisfactory for Aeroplanes.

N
together with the great impetus
given to the industry in other parts
Of the world, resulted in an over
burdened market and lower prices.
The result, however, has shown that
IL necessary we can produce our
own castor beans.
Castor oil plants, which, by the
way, are in no way related to the
bean family, grow wild in most
tropical countries and in some parts
of the Temperate Zone.
In the warmer countries II grows
as a perennial, and often attains
the proportions of a tree forty feet
or more in height. The chief areas
of commercial production are in
India, China, the West Indies and
South America. In 1913 India ex-
ported 954,4s5 gallons and by 1913
the trade had increased to 2,0S6,0 ,03S
gallons, approximately 80 per cent
of which went to the United King
dom. In addition India exports from
$4,000 to $50, 200 tons Of castor beans
per year.
The United States imports from
10000 to 5000 tons Of castor beans
come direct from India. Large
from England, but in recent years
South America and the West Indies
have supplied larger quantities.
In 1918 the United States ranked
third among the countries in the
amount of castor beans crushed. For
that year the total was $4,000
bushels, compared to 2,132,o0O in the
United Kingdom, / 1,006.2S0 in France
end 41s,160 in Germany. The United
Kingdom normally exports much of
tits home crushed oil. In 1918 the
home consumption in England
amounted to 3.634.000 gallons a.
495 tons). American consumption
in the same year was 2,3l4,045 gal
Ions.
Castor oil has long been used in
Europe for lubricating internal
combustion motors. Before the war
1t had been used with apparently
marked success in European mo-
tors. It was only natural that with
the development Of aeroplRnes dur
ing the war European drivers es-
tablished the use Of this lubricant
for this class of work.
In the United States it has been
customary to use mineral oil for lu-
brication. Before our entrance into
the war this was used almost ex-
clusively for aeroplane engines. But
with the development Of the heavier
Liberty engines considerable bear
ing trouble was experienced, and
the engineers naturally resorted to
the British and French practice OF
! a castor oil mixture.
According to w. F. Parish, in an
article in Scientific fabrication, ac-
tual tests have shown little reason
to replace mineral oil with castor
oil. These tests indicate that cas-
tor oil may have a good initial eff
feet for certain classes of work,
but after continuous use II develops
undesirable characteristics. the
most serious of which is its tend
ency to form a gummy deposit 1t
is well established that mineral oils
do not wear out in internal Combus-
ton engines, while the longer cas-
tor oil is used the worse lubricant
it becomes. II used intermittently
it may prove disastrous to the en-
gine. Its success in racing cars
was due largely to the fact that
the engines are taken down and
cleaned after every run.
Copyright. 1921. by Washington HeTald.)
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
OWNERS DWELL ON
WAGE DISCUSSION
Rail Heads to Fight for Re-
duction of Unskilled La
bOrers' Pay.

CHICAGO. Feb. II. - Railroad
owners will carry their night to
force a reduction in wages OF un-
skilled railroad laborers to the en-
pIoye7 themselves. it was announced
here today.
Failing to obtain satisfaction
from the United States Railroad
La Dor Board. which il had asked
to Immediately abroEate national
orking agreements. the railroads
now plan to center their efforts on
the wage question. According %
the plan the roads will proceed in
dIvidually to ask conferences with
unskilled employees over wage re-
duCtions.
The labor board today was eN-
pected to make its decision in the
first case involving wage cuts
Both sides completed presCntatiCn
Of evidence in the Atlanta. Birm-
ingham and Atlantic Railroad con-
troversy last night The road seeks
authority TO reduce wages on the
ground that it will 60 bankrupt II
it is not allowed to do SC.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
TRADING ON CURB
SMALLEST In WEEK
Double Holiday and Weather
Conditions Cause of List
less Day.

NEW YORK. Feb. l1.-TrsdinE on
the curb market today was on the
smallest scale OF the week, due to
the double holiday and weather con-
ditions. Prices moved about list
lessly. An occasional display Of
strength, and light pressure against
one or two industrial and oil shares
characterized the entire days deal
ings. Movements among the more
active shares were not much more
than a point.
The Standard Oil group showed
little change Maracsibo Oil at
tracted attention in the morning,
crossing % with an advance OF a
point. but movements among other
independent oils were small Mar
land Oil was a weak feature, drop
ping l point to q.
Goodyear preferred changed hands
at a new low record, and the com
mon shares were within a point or
so Of their recent bottom. Heyden
! chemical dropped - making a new
low.
Gold stocks commanded most at
tention in the metal group and on
moderately active dealings small
gains were made A steady tone
was shoVn in Boston and Montana
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Decline in British
Textile Exports

Preliminary reports from the
British board of trade show that
exports of cotton yarn in January,
1921, amounted to 7,1S9,00O pounds,
or about 52s,000 pounds less than in
December and more than 100000
pounds less than in January, 1920.
Exports of piece goods last month
amounted to 249,36o.o00 square
yards, or about 100000 square yards
more than in December. But in
January, 1920, exports of piece
goods amounted to 414,757,000
square yards.
Exports of wooden goods last
month amounted to 9,76S,000 yards,
which is slightly greater. than the
December exports, but only about
half as large as those of January
a year ago.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
NO MONEY NEEDED
FROM LOAN SHARKS
HENRY FORD AYERS
Motor King Declares
s.F
Wall Street First Sug-
gested Loan.
WILL NOT CUT PAY
Present Situation TO Blame
~
For Forcing Down Steel,
Ford Asserts. ..
BY REX r. GLAssON.

DETROIT, Mich, Feb. ll.-Henfy
Ford doesn't need any money from
wall Street loan sharks" he ~.
clared in an exclusive interview TO-
day.
Ford received orders for s7,ets
automobiles in January, he said He
expects business conditions TO Inn
prove
Ford is not going TO cut wages, h
said. The Sc a day minimum in his
plants will remain in force. Twenty
thousand men are now employed IN
the Ford plant. The entire payroll
Of $4,000 men will be employed ~
alternating two-week periods untl
full capacity production Is resumed
A good feature Of the existing In
dustrial situation is that the price
OF steel is being forced down. Ford
| declared.
The motor industry is the main
stay Of practically all other enter
| prises. and its future is assured a.
| long as the world keeps moving"
| Ford said The world today O.
on wheels and ] am certain that it
always will be The motor indus
| try is called upon TO supply those
wheels. and the demand is Eettins
stronger all the time"
/ Told He Needed Loan, Ford says.
But what about financing the in
dustry: have you succeeded in get
ting that $4,000, 600 YETI the inter
viewer asked
Z didn't know w& needed Il until
"a few loan sharks came out and
tried to bell US we did" Ford replied
with a laugh. But I think We
proved 40 a few Of them that We
could take care Of ourselves"
We talked in Ford's private office
On the walls were many photo
graphs, among them those Of
Thomas Edison. the electrical wiz
ard and close friend Of Ford John
Burroughs. the famous naturalist,
who is another intimate friend, and
the Prince OF Wales
In one corner was black leather
chair and into this Ford sank
Ford Evades Future situation.
What would you say about ru-
ture business conditions, Mr.. Ford"
he was asked. viii they ever re-
turn to normal
The best answer to that is the
story OF the farmer and the city
chap" he replied. The city char
had been in the farmers village fur
three days and during that time Il
had rsined constantly.
Looks like it rained all yeah
round out here he said TO the
farmer Does it ever stop
The farmer stroked his chin and
replied. 1t always Eid before Th'
answer to the qUettiOn. Will bu~t.
ness ever get back TO normal IL
1t always did before
1T may take six months, II may
take year. or even ten before
business is again normal. but it v rI
get back.
But, then. a. I said before. th'
motor industry future Is assured
1t is necessary to keep things mos.
ing.
The pace Of the world woult
slow down II il were not for motors
: That will never happen So you car
see what Is demanded and will b.
demanded OF the industry
Why" he was asked. did No'
close your plants in December" IL
p il true that the closing was force'
Z by hard times go
We have not experienced sn'
e -hard times in our business sa.
! Ford"
Copyright, 1871. By the United Presf.E
Copyrighted in CtnHdh.l
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
FINANCE AGENCY
TO AID FARMERS
Pools, Similar to Copper Elk
pertinent, TO Be Formed.
Baruch Advocate.

NEW YORK, Feb. 1.-THE farm
ers of the country may be insured
against bankruptcy through sEs-
tenn Of marketing pools, 1t was
learned today.
The present experiment in the cop
per industry. f successful. will be
extended to farm products and hand
led on a large scale. probably
though the cooperation of several
Of the biggest hnanciers In the
United States.
Bernard Baruch is an advocate Of
the idea of collective marketing,
Every community must organlz
according to local conditions and the
character of the product" he said
today. AFTER successful organi1a-
ton the system can be extended TO
include larger areas and more units
These units could be directed and
co-ordinated by the large centra'
ORGANIZATIONS Cooperative selling
Of a product is advisable and viii
result in increased returns.
The first experiments in applying
this system to farm products, II was
| learned, probably will be made In
behalf of the tobacco growers of the
! South.
The first step will be organization
( Of a financing corporation with q
| fixed amount of subscribed stock
sufficient to handle the situation. bu:
certainly running into the millions
| Of dollars. Loans will be extended
/ to the tobacco farmers on short term
| notes. which will be secured BY
warehouse receipts on products
stored for a favorable market. Bear.
ers certificates. in which the genera
public could invest. would be issUec
against the notes by the corporation
Production iwould be maintainec
by the fact that with products
in the hands of the financing corpOr
alton buyers would be forced L
deal directly with the farmers. fore.
ing a continued output while tn,
surplus was being protected agains
funfavorable prices. according to tn,
theory Of the fnanciers.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
British Foreign Trade
Declines Materially

Gable figures indicate that i'm
ports into Great Britain during
January, 1921, amounted to f117,-
O50.OOO compared with flSS, ,49S.00O
in January. 1920. and with f142,7S5,
900 in December, 1920. British ex-
ports last month totaled E92.75O.0OO
compared to f96,63O,000 in Decem-
Der. and 105,SS0,O0O in January a
year ago. Although both imports
and exports show a marked decline
from a year ago, the excess Of i'm
ports last month was only $4,000.
600 against nearly f7S.000.00O in
January Of the preceding year,
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Republican Leaders to Repel Attacks
On Federal Reserve System, Says
McLean-May Be Minor Changes

twelve regional banks as at present.
There will not be any great
changes. In my opinion, at least
for a while" said Mclean. There
may be changes in the administra-
tive features OF the law, of a minor
sort, but the groundwork and super
structure OF the system will, / be-
Iieve, remain unchanged"
Mclean said there might be a
proposal to abolish the once OF
Comptroller OF the Currency, or 10
remove the provision by which the
comptroller is made an eX-oficiC
member Of the reserve board.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12

Republican leaders will repel at
tacks on the Federal Reserve sys-
tenn which are threatened early in
the Harding administration, it was
stated yesterday.
Senator Mclean, Connecticut,
chairman Of the Senate Banking and
Currency, Committee, declared It is
not the purpose Of Republican lead
ers to rebuild the structure Of the
Federal Reserve system as some Re
publicans want il rebuilt, by Great
ing one central bank instead Of the
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Rail Loan Approved.

The Interstate Commerce Commits
sion yesterday approved a loan Of
Sl62OOO TO the Louisville and Jeffer-
sonville Bridge and Railroad Com
pany TO enable the company to
provide itself with additions and
betterments to ways and structures.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
CHICAGO LIVESTOCK.

CHICAGO. Feb. 11.-Hogs 15c to
Csc higher than yesterdays average;
lights practically all sold. others
slow; average cost Thursday, ss.eS;
weight 237. -.
Cathe-Beef steers and she stock
steady top. $3.50; Bulls weak to 25c
lower. Veal calves strong to csc
higher; stockers and feeders strong.
Sheep-Lambs very slow, bidding
soc to 81 lower; no choice handy
weights soldi sheep steady to lower.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
NEW YORK PRODUCE.

NEW YORK, Feb. 11.-Butter-
Market steady. Creamery extras,
43a45Sc: creamery frsts, 3sa42c;
creamery higher scoring, 43ha
461kc; State dairy tubs, 2Sa42c.
Checse-market irregular. State
whole milk specials, 2315 a2sc; whole
milk fancy, 22a25h nc; whole milk
Whole milk fancy, Young Amer
icas, 2SA a29Ac; State skins spe-
cials, 171sa20c; skins choice, 15a
161kc; skins fair to good, 12a14hc;
skins lower grades, 10c. Eggs
Market firmer; nearby, white, fancy,
47a4Sc;. nearby, brown, fancy, 42c;
extra, Ale; frsts, 37ha39c.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Cash Grain Market.

CHICAGO, Feb. ll.-Nash gram;
Wheat-No. ?. hard, winter, 1.75.
Corn-No. 3, white, 62Lt No. 4,
white, 5Sk a6Ol.; No. ;. yellow. 62I2
a63%t; No. 4. yellow. 59a6Oi4.
Oats-No. ?. white. 43a43%; No. 5.
white, 41ha42%; No. 4, white, 4o%a
Al
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Pennsylvania Crude
Oil Reduction $50

OIL CITY, Pa, Feb. 11-PeBn-
syIvania crude oil has been re-
duced so cents, now selling at
s4.23 n barrel, according to notice
posted by the Seep Purchasing
Agency here. Cabell crude is re-
dueed so cents, to s2.96y somer-
set, so cents, 10 s2.25, Somerset
light, so cents, to s2.5ej RagIana,
so cents, to s1.2s.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12

the extension of Americas foreign
trade relations. Col. Preston stated
that in his Judgment many great OPP
portunities have been overlooked
already by the United States since
the armistice that have resulted in
great loss to the country that it
will take years of intensive effort
to regain ..r.
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
10 20 50 40 so DO TO 80 4

recently compiled by the u Employment Service,
Department OF Labor that the total number of employees
important thrtyfve States and the District OF
Columbia January 1921 6o7o648 compared with
employed in January This reduction the number OF
employees within the Of 353Ir352 or 35S per cent
The chart above shows for eight important industrial
which the numbe OF employees OF those
group The automobile shows
reduction, with less than
ployes The building trades show only 40
employees year. The including packing and food
that comprising clay glass and stone
ducts reduction These employed
per last January the beginning
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12

(Quotations Furnished BY W. B. Hibbs Z
Co., Members New York Cotton Exchange. }
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12

(9uota tons furnished by W. B. HibbS
Co., Members Chicago Board Of Trade.)
The Washington herald., 1921-02-12
Relation to Nation.

Thomas r. Preston. president OF
IN. Southern Commercial Congress,
announced that the primary object
ofs- the Washington convention would
he 10 consider the South's relation
10 the national program Of legisla-
tion from a nonpartisan point of
vfev with the patriotic object Of
reaching a right solution and in
living aid to the solution not only
of the internal economic problems
of the United States, but also the
most practical consideration Of the
nrobIems Of shipping and finance in
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1921-05-16
Yanks Beat Champs
and Go Into First
Place In American

New York, May 15.--The New York
Americans ousted the Cleveland worlds
champions from the league leadership
today when they downed the Indians
for the second successive time. Cleve-
land, after outclassing it's sectional
rivals, has failed to show any superb
GRITTY over it's eastern visitors The In
dams lost their first series to Wash
ington last week.
The Pittsburg National league lead
ers, who were successful against Bos-
! ton and Philadelphia, will be put to u
harder test when they start four
/ game series Wednesday in Brooklyn
| and another next Sunday in New York.
In the American league Cleveland had
| its first losing week of the season and
| today's defeat was the fourth consecu-
tive contest lost by the Indians in the
| first slump they have encountered this
season. The Indians batted well early
last week, but let up just at the time
their pitchers faltered Home runs by
| Ruth figured prominently in New
York's western successes.
RED SOX THIRD
! Boston went into third place today,
and Is only one and half games behind
| New York. The Red SoX outplayed Chi
cago last week, but st. Louis is proving
much stronger opponent. The Browns
are batting heavily and promise to
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1921-05-16

The Mobile team punched three hits
off Eberhardt in the fourth inning that
gave them the game, one of the blows
n double by Golvin, Mobiles first
sacker, scoring two runs, The visitors
scored their only run in the sixth on
singles by Silva and an infield out.
BARONS START EARLY
Fulton was touched up for two sin
giles in the first inning by the Barons,
followed by an infield out that put
runners on second and third. but Tay-
Tor left them when he popped up out to
short.
After Bronkie had doubled in Mo
biles half of the first inning with one
down, pretty double play by Stewart
to Traynor stopped any chance for
rally by the Bears in this round. Stew
art made a jumping catch of high
liner hit by Mulvey, and tossed to
Trsynor, forcing Bronkie, who was rae
ing for home. The Bears went out in
order for the second and third innings
but the fourth frame was a bad one for
Eberhardt.
BEARS SCORE TWO
mullen, the first man up. singled to
lcit- bronkle peat out a hit to first
when Clark fell down trying to get to
the ball, the chance being a hard one
Mulvey went out, high foul to Taylor,
and Tutweiler died by the same route
his ball being inside of the diamond
With the count two and three on Col
vim the batter got one in the grove and
sent it between Allen and Emery, and
when it was recovered Mullin and Bron-
kie had crossed the plate and the Mobile
first sacker was on second. Wickham
stopped the scoring by going out, Eber-
hardt to Clark
Fulton put on the brakes after the
first inning, and while two hits were
secured off him. the runners were left
stranged through the inability of the
Baron batters to hit in the pinch
SILVA SCORES
The Barons finally put marker over
in the sixth, after Emery famed Sill
va beat out hit to short and took sec
ond on Stewards infield out. Taylor
singled to center and Silva scored the
batter reaching second on the play.
Traynor had a great chance to tie up
the abbreviated affair, but his best was
a foul to Schultz. who took the ball
leaning over the reserved section near
the visiting Mayors bench.
The breaks came to the Mobile club
against the Barons in the seventh. when
the rain came up. In this inning, which
first through a single to center, Bran
don butted toward third and Mullen
threw wild to first. Allen going to sec
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1921-05-16
MILLIONAIRE RACE
DRIVER TO PILOT A
DUESENBERG MAY 80

Indianapolis May 15.-Joe Boyer. the
bantam race driver. ex-Yale student. ana
son or a millionaire many times over
VIII drive Duesenberg in the Interna-
tional o00-mile race to be held at the In
annapolis motor speedway Monday, May
3d.
Boyer will be remembered as the driver
VINO gave Ralph dePalma the battle If
his life in the early stages of the race
last year and led for about 80 laps Of the
race, gathering great portion of the
10000 lap prize.
Little joe or -Four as he is ia
miliarly known about the race course is
dyed in the wool sportsman He is
about the only race driver we can think
OF who did not break into the racing
game as mechanic. OF course havin.
plenty of money at his disposal he al
ways was in possession of a high priced
speed car for general use and 1t is SAID
ne had speaking acquaintance with
every speed cop on the road from Detroit,
his home town, to Chicago. and vice
versa. lie was ever interested in racing
and was persistent hanger-on at the
tracks. Then his chance came in 1912
when Louis Chevrolet's little Comedian
could not make qualifying speed because
of Louis excessive weight
SlX-CENT CHECK
Let me qualify IT. peeped Little Joe
who was mere mite compared with the
larger OF the Chevrolet brothers. And he
did. lie has been an auto racer ever
| since. Boyer is 81 years old and has been
married five years. He is the father Of
two children, both boys. Joseph Boyer,
third, and Francis Palms Boyer. Boyer
is also business man-being interested
in well known adding machine com
pany Of which his father is dominant
figure.
Racing is not profitable, says Joe. but
he should worry. He knows no fear in
racing and if he had it to do over again
he'd step into the little Comedian that
started his racing adventures.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1921-05-16
SPORTS = BAROMS LOSE TO MOBILE BEARS ---SPORTS
'GREENVILLE LADS WIN
FROM GE0RGlANA NINE

Greenville, May 1t Special THE
Greenvlle High school baseball team
defeated Georgiana High at Georgiana
Saturday afternoon by a score of IA to
A. The Georgianians could not connect
with the ball as shot from Riley,
Greenville's pitcher. at any time during
the game, when hits would have count
ed, Several hits were punched when
Greenville had big lead. and four runs
were the result. A number of Green
Vile fans accompanied the team to
Georgiana. to root for the home team.