davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Government Brings Action
Against Mrs. hermie Lew
is Of This City
NEST EGGS INVOLVED
in THE SUIT FILED
Statements That Are Mis-
leading Charged By District
United States Attorney
columbus Dispatch)

Shades of Barbara Frietsche! Fred
ericktown and Shenandoah. names of
pleasant sound and splendid memory,
are mixed up in a vulgar suit in fed
eral court involving the charge that
Reynolds Lice Killing Nest Eggs"
don't kill lice at all.
In Fredericktown, not the village
of clustered spires in Maryland, but
the town in Ohio, lives Hermie b..
Lewis who does business under the
name of the H. B. Reynolds Manu-
featuring Co. An information petit
tion filed by Assistant United States
District Attorney Reynolds Saturday
sets forth that on June 2S, 1919, Mrs.
Lewis shipped to the American Live
Stock Powder Co. at Shenandoah, Ia,
go cartons of 12 nest eggs each, said
nest eggs being labelled as sure dis
infectants and lice killers.
A government agent two years ago
bought carton of the eggs and sent
1t to Washington where experts in
technical bureaus pooh-poohed the
claims made for the eggs. Lloyd P.
Shipper, federal analyst, announced
in a sworn statement the startling in.
formation that the egg failed to kill
micrococcus aureaus in "a hours. He
said the egg was pure napthalene to
which all lice say "tut tut" Walter
s.. Abbot. scientific assistant in the
bureau of entomology then took a
hand and set out that he is a spec.
ialist in the history, nature and hab
its Of lice. Napthalene is the easiest
thing they crawl over, he stated.
The district attorneys petition
therefore is aimed to bring suit
against Lewis under the Insecticide
Act of 1910, charging false and mis-
leading statements and inadequate
labelling. IN
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
BRONZE Medal IS
GIVEN LOCAL MAN
Government Awards The Ser
vices OF Mr.. H. B. Kaplan
Of This City

ri. b. Kaplan, manager of the Fit
Rite shoe store, is justly proud of a
bronze medal which he received Sat
urday from the war department The
medal was awarded to Mr.. Kaplan. so
the letter accompanying it states, for
"Obedience, sobriety, industry, cour-
age, cleanliness and proficiency" The
medal was sent upon orders of the
major general commandant of the
United States marine corps. Mr.. Kap.
Ian served in the marine corps and
was stationed at Paris Island, S. C.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
MATTHEWS JOINS
REAL ESTATE FIRM
Will Be Known AS Wyker &
Matthews In Future

A business deal was closed up in
the city Monday morning whereby
Mr.. Arthur j. Matthews acquires an
interest in the Wyker Realty COM
pany.
The firm in the future will be
known as Wyker & Matthews and will
have offices on South Main street,
over ,Sharp's flower store.
The firm will do a general real es-
tate and insurance business. Mr.. Mat
thews is we'll known in Mt. Vernon
and will be pleased to meet his many
friends at his new location.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
"Insights and Outlooks"
c. Of {. Speakers Subject

1t was announced Monday by Secre-
tary H. l.. Russell at the Chamber of
Commerce that Mr.. Frank B. McMil-
len of Mt. Gilead, who is to address
the chamber at it's next Wednesday
Outlooks." The members of the spe-
cial events committee anticipate Mr..
McMillen will be found very interest
ing and entertaining. In addition to
being one of the most active and pub
lie spirited men in MT. Gilead he is
also vice president and treasurer of
the Ohio Board of Commerce. The
dinner will be served by committee
of the Presbyterian church.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
FARMERS PICNIC IS
AN ALL DAY AFFAIR
Announce Program For Out
ing To Be Held At Fair
Grounds Wednesday,
August 10

Plans for the Knox County Farmers
picnic that is to be held at the Fair
grounds on Wednesday, August 10,
now practically are complete. A few
minor and unimportant details re-
main to be disposed of but in the
main it only remains to await the
coming of the day of the outing.
The committee in charge have ar.
ranged what they believe to be an
interesting program. The entire day
will be given over to the outing.
The program as arranged and given
out Monday is:
1O:3O-Band concert by X. of P.
band.
Horse shoe pitching starts.
Talk by E. d. Waid, dairy market.
ing representative of Ohio Farm Bu
reau Federation, new grand stand.
Basket dinner.
12:30-Band concert.
1:3-"The New Farm sWoman,'
Mrs. H. w. Lawrence.
"Ohio's Tax Muddle," G. A. Dyer.
3:O0-Needle threading ieontest-
Girls under 18.
Knot tying contest-Boys under 1S
Potato race-Boys and girls.
Nail driving contest-Women (driv
ing pennys.)
Finish of horseshoe contest. o.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
MAYOR FINES ACADEMIA
N IAN; WRONG PARKING

A man giving his name as Bower
dale and from Academia was arraign-
ed before Mayor Tiger this morning
on charge of wrong parking of his
automobile made by Chief of Police
Parker. The offense was committed
Saturday night on the public square.
.Bowerdale provoked Chief Parker to
filing charge against him when he
showed disposition to argue his
rights and to tell the chief how cars
should park in Mt. Vernon. A plea of
guilty to the charge was made and
Mayor Tiger assessed a fine of $500
and the costs.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
COOPER CO. OPENS
:. .MOLD||vC ROOM
About 60 Men Go To Work
Today; Open Shop Says
Statement By
Company

The molding department of the c..
e. g. Cooper Co. was opened as an
open shop" Monday morning, accord.
ing to statement given out by ofiic.
ials of the company.
1t is said that 80 or 60 men started
to work this morning in the molding
room and more men will be added as
soon as additional patterns are placed
in the shop.
According to the announcement by
the company, part of the men starting
to work this morning are former en-
pioyes of the Cooper company, and a
portion are new men.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
s. D. A. CAN|P|NEETNG
STARTS HERE AUG. Il.
Over 1900 Campers Are Ex-
pected In The City For
The Meetings

The animal camp meeting of the
Seventh-Day Adventists will be held
on the grounds of the Mt. Vernon
academy, Academia, Aug. 11.31.
The tents are now being erected
for the camp meeting, which is ex-
pected to be one of the largest ever
held in this section of the country.
Over 1900 campers are expected on
the grounds.
Clergymen of note will be present
from Washington, D. c., and from
other parts of the country.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
ADMINISTRATIONS NOTICE
Tho State of Ohio, Knox County, S.

The State of Ohio, Knox County, IS.
In the Probate Court.
Notice is hereby given that James
Henwood of Howard, Ohio, has been
appointed and qualified Administrator
of the estate of Thomas e. Bell, late
of Knox county, Ohio, deceased.
l.. JAY DUKE,
Probate Judge of Knox County, Ohio.
July 23, 1921. 1896; 81 I,8
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
CONTINUE CASE ONE WEEK

The case against Harry A. Strong,
charged by r. j. Ash In Justice Ha1-
ter's court of securing money on false
pretenses, has been continued to next
Monday, August 15. The case had
been set for hearing today.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
BOY BREAKS ARM
in FALL FROM SLIDE

Wilmot. six,yoar.old son OF Mr. and
Mrs Walter j. Sperry, East Gambler
street, sustained a fracture Of his left
arm, just above the wrist, Saturday
afternoon. when he fell from slide"
at the residence Of Mr.. and Mrs. -. b.
Williams, East Gambler street. After
an X.ray examination, the boy was
given surgical attention.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
NAN IS INJURED
Al. At. LUMBER YARD

Floyd. Williamson, employed at the
Alderman lumber yard, was severely
injured while at work this morning.
Willamson's hand was caught as he
was shifting a belt and his left arm
was dislocated at the wrist. A deep
cash also was cut in the thumb of the
left hand. He was attended by Mt.
Vernon surgeon.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
BAND CONCERT ON
WEDNESDAY MIGHT

The regular Wednesday evening
concert will be given by tht Knights
OF Pythias band this week. The con-
cert will commence at S:'15 O'Clock,
ana very interesting program is be-
ing prepared by Director Sebach. The
program will be published later.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
WILL CHANGE TIME

Announcement is made that the B.
& o. railroad will have a change in
the time of passenger trains, affecting
Mt. Vernon, on next Sunday, Aug. IA.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
SEDAN is DAMAGED

A man named Skeen, driving Ford
sedan, ran into a fire hydrant op East
Vine street and broke the front axle
on his machine. No one was injured
in the accident.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
PETER PEIFEER WON

Peter Peiffer, the we'll known race
horse owned by w. o. Korns of this
city, won the 2:20 trot at Grover City
last Saturday afternoon. The best
time was 2:15A.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
ADMINISTRATORS NOTICE

The State of Ohio, Knox County, IS.
In the Probate Court.
Notice is hereby given that Martin
w. Kramer of Mt. Vernon, Ohio, has
been appointed and qualified Admins
traitor of the estate of Eliza j. Kram-
er, late of Knox county, Ohio, de-
ceased.
l.. j. DUKE,
Probate Judge Of Knox County, Ohio.
July 80, 1921. S-LS.15
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Appointment Made

A. G. Shut has been appointed ex-
ecutor of Charlotte Bricker by the
probate court of Knox county. Bond
$1,000. with ]. L. Mckinley, l.. A.
Thayer and Lenora I. Shut as sure.
ties.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Order Issued

In the estate of Charles w. Lyon
application to sell stocks and bonds
at less than the appraisement has
been filed in the probate court of
Knox county and an order of sale ass
been issued by Judge Duke.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Application Made

Application for commitment of
Lawrence Albert Donaldson, aged IL,
to the feeble-minded institution, has
been made in the probate court of
Knox county by George Donaldson.
The medical examination was con.
Quoted in probate court Saturday af-
ternoon by DIR. c. X Conard and DR..
F. l.. Singrey.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Case OF Hancock VS.. Hancock
Before Judge Blair Mon
day Morning
CITATION ISSUED
in PROBATE COURT
Appointment Made By Judge
Duke; Other Items From
The Court House

The contested divorce case Of Cord
Hancock VS.. William b. Hancock was
scheduled for hearing before Judge
Park b. Blair in the Knox county com.
mon pleas court Monday.
A number of witnesses were sub.
poenaed to testify in the case and it
was the expectation that the hearing
OF the case would consume most of
the day.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Account Filed

Ansonetta Oswalt, guardian of
Ruby c. Oswalt, has filed her second
and final account in the probate court
of Knox county. The account shows
the sum of $1,4S5.3s received and the
same sum paid out.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Citation Issued

Citation Issued M
A citation has been issued in the
probate court of Knox county to the
sheriff of Licking county, directing
Jay r. Clutter, guardian of Harold d.
Wolfe, to file an account in probate
court on or before Aug. 20. at 10 a. m.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Inventory Filed

Martin w. Kramer, administrator of
Eliza j. Kramer, has filed an inven.
tory and appraisement in the probate
court of Knox county. 1t shows a
total of $5,556.79. tt
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
BIRTHS

A daughter was born Sunday to Mr..
and Mrs. Stanley Banbury OF near
Brink Haven.
o.
A son was horn to Mrs. Vera How.
ard of Fredericktown Sunday at the
M. & S. sanitarium.
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Marriage License

Walter G. Klein, hardware sales
man, Coshocton, Ohio, and Lurana
June Brown, school teacher, Middle
bury township. Rev. F. l.. Harper of
Fredericktown. A
The Democratic banner. (Mt. Vernon, Ohio) 1898-192?, 1921-08-09
Real Estate Transfers.

Donald, q. Curran to A. M. Coch-
ran, parcel in city, 81.
Charley Ross to James Underwood,
parcel in Butler, $4,000.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
PRESIDENT GETS
letter FROM HEAD
OF ARMENIAN CHURCH

Washington. Archbishop Khoren,
whose archepiscopal see is Erivan. cap
ital Of the Armenian Republic, jour-
neyed seven thousand miles to present
President Wilson one of the quaintest
and most touching documents in ~he
archives of the State Department. 1t
is illuminated by the monks of Etch-
miadzin, the seat Of the Armenian
church since it's separation from the
Greek church, after the Council OF
Chalcedon in the year 451.
The Encyclical Letter, which the
Archbishop presented to the President,
reads:
GEORGE, Servant Of Jesus Christ
and by the Omniscient VIII OF God,
Arch-Priest and CATHOLTCOS OF
ALL THE ARNIENIANs, Supreme
Patriarch of the highest Armenian See
OF Ararat and Of the Apostolic Mother
Church at Etchmiadzin the Holy.
..To the NOBLE CITIZENS OF THE
UNITED STATES OF
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
The Croker St. "Y"
WHO SUPPLIES THIS NEED
OF THE DES MONIES RI

. ~ AAAAAs 4~xAS0 xxAOAAN6S0 d.
The entiere boyhood Of the city Of
Des Moines looking forward to the
Crocker street branch of the Y. M. G.
A. for entertainment or the best type
and plenty of it. Warm weather is here
and we must have our games, hikes
and camp. This is the request that
every lad is putting up to the secre-
tary.
N reply we are offering your boy first
a chance to become acquainted with
every other boy of Des Moines, second,
we are now giving him six free lessons
in learning how to swim; third, he gets
a weekly hike out in the great out Of
doors; fourth, weekly and sometimes
twice weekly good base ball game,
but best of all the eight days camp
about BOONE where ffty-two boys at
tended last year.
Get your boy lined up for the camp
before the space is filed. This does not
in anyway include all of our activities
for your boy but watch the papers and
get our full program.
When you or your boy joins the Y.
M. c.. A. you are joining an organiza-
tion that is II years old and has a
world wide recognition.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26

Hamton, Va, March-The color
ed intercollegiate Athletic Asso-
citation held its tenth annual meet
ing in Richmond; at Virginia
Union University. It denounced
gambling and advocated the de-
velopment Of physical education.
It vote to become a member OF the
National collegiate Association and
to raise the dues from $3.50 to $50
ofrm each school so as to carry out
its development program.
M. T. Dean and DR.. w. -. Nor
rison, representing Howard Un-
iversity; James 0. Randolph, Inn
coin University; w. A. Rogers, I I.
H. Foster, G. w. Florence and !;
L. Puryear, Virginia Normal and IN
Industrial Institute; j. r. Hunt,
Virginia theological Seminary and
college; and Charles II. Williams,
Hampton Institute attended the
meeting.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26

Des Moines, Iowa, May 24.-The
distribution Of the population ac-
cording to color or race in 1870 was
as follows: White, 2,384,181; Ne
gro, 1905; Indian, 529; Chinese,
235; Japanese, %; Filipino, 80
all others, 8. The corresponding
figures for 1910 were as follows: !:
White, 2,2O9,181; Negro, Il, ,973 !;
Indian, al; Chinese, 81 !; Japanese,
So; all others, 8. During the decade
the white population increased by
TO per cent, while the Negro pop
ulation increased by 26.9 per cent.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
SIDELIGHTS

(By The Associated Negro Press. }
A white gentleman from the
south" came into Washington the
other day and went up to the . COM
mittee on legislative relief" and
after certain preliminaries proceed
ed to discuss his favorable" attl-
tude toward the Negro. He said
that he was not in favor OF lynch,
iing-except for one thing. And
proceeding to use the traditional
southern term "nigger" he dis
5coursed on how the government
should be saved the expense OF trial
OF an alleged victim. When the
folks thereabout got through with
him, he didn't know whether ne
lad been through a gin mill or a
cyclone. And, ye gods, he is q can ca
date for United States marshall
or rather he was candidate.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
BISHOP MANNING CONFIRMS
"a COLORED CHILDREN

.{By The Associated Negro Press. J
" New York, N. Y, May 24.-'Ih1r7 II
ty-three colored children were con-
fined at St. David's Negro mission
by Bishop W. I. Manning. ing. rms
was the first confirmation by the
bishop. He was accompanied by
his two daughters, Francis and
Elizabeth. About 500 persons VIII
messed the confirmation.
The Rev. George Clifton, founder
and rector of the mission, intro
duced Bishop Manning to the audi
ence. The bishop recalled that the
first baptism he ever performed
was in 1921, when he baptized two
Negro children in Tennessee.
20 and 10 next.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
GOVERNOR DORSEY WINS
IN SPITE OF CRITICISM

(By The Associated Negro Press.
Atlanta, Ga, May 24.-If Gov
ernor Dorsey wins in his fight for
better treatment of Negroes in
Georgia, he must do it almost sim
gle handed. He has the moral sup
port Of ministers, teachers and wo-
men s clubs, but has brought down
upon himself an avalanche of crit
icism and abuse from other state
officials and public men.
Saturday Governor-elect Thomas
w. HardWich and Sam l.. Olive,
president Of the Georgia senate,
and by reason of that position
second in authority to the governor,
both denounced the governor for
vilifcation Of Georgia and for
slanderous charges without basis Of
fact. The criticism was brought on
by publication Of a report prepared
by the governor in which he listed
l35 cases Of alleged mistreatment,
murder, lynching and peonage,
with Negroes as the victims. He de-
clared Georgia would be as severe
" condemned, if this condition. con-
tinued as Belgium and Leopold
were condemned by God and man
for the Co gnoatrocities.
A Bitter Denial.
President Olive, in bitter Ian
guage, denied the existence of con-
ditions as described by the COVER
nor; declared that the only way to
stop lynching was to stop rape and
murder; declared that peonage did
not exist, generally, but said the
southern farmers were compelled
to make their Negro farm hands
work out OF labor contracts.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
Howard Appointed

fBy The Associated Negro Press. }
Washington, y. G. Especially,
May 24.-Perry w. Howard, OF
jackson, Miss, has been appointed
by Attorney Harry M. Daugherty
as special assistant attorney gen
eral of the United States. Attorney
Howard is in the claims division of
the department Of justice, and has
charge Of fraudulent claims against
the government. The salary is
5000 a year.
The appointment Of Mr.. Howard
is not only special recognition OF
the race, but is direct recognition
by the Harding administration OF
the leadership Of Henry Lincoln
johnson, Of Atlanta, Republican
national committeeman from Geor-
gia; Robert r. Church, Of Mem
phis, Tenn, and Charles A. Cott-
rill, Of Toledo, Ohio, who were in
direct charge Of the campaign work
among voters during the last cleo
ton. These men are heading up
the committee on legislative relief,
1915 Pennsylvania avenue, and are
demonstrating not only ability in
pushing legislation, but ability in
progressive political maneuvering.
Two Of them, johnson and Church,
have let it be known distinctly that
they do not seek appointments for
themselves, but they are insisting
on the Republican party keeping
campaign pledges, and recognizing
citizens on merit in appointment.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
Naming Lily White Leader As US.
Attorney Blow To Race


Qualifying.
PRESIDENT HARDING
Would
fol-
Especial 0 Bystander) Il #<
General Dugherty
the eligible and qualified
of the Republican
North Carolina
Executive Committee
of
to vote
well all future political
officials
white
even if he qualifications
h
to 4a.4#
Daughy Yet the face OF TINS
tactics Of Lnney Harding
Republicans North Carolina by
position OF United states
not only to the coed Republicans ts
the by the Southern Bourbon
operation py
white
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
(By The Associated Negro Press
HOWARD UNIVERSITY
PREPARES FOR COMMENCEMENT
Prominent Men are to Make Addresses
at the University Exercises
Interesting Features
Interesting Features.

a Z. ..
Washington, D. C.-The Howard Uni
versity is preparing for it's ffty-second
annual commence exercises. Ihe
central features will be the baccalaur-
cate sermon by President J. Stanley
Durkee, in Andrew Rankin Memorial
chapel, Sunday, June 5, at 4 p. M, the
annual meeting of the board of trus-
tees, Tuesday, June z, at 10 a. m. ;
ground breaking for the new home
economics and dining hall building
which is to cost when completed with
furnishings approximately 100000; the
annual meeting of the Howard Alumni
association, Friday, June 10, at 9 a. n /;
at which time an address is to be made
by w. Ashbie Hawkins, esquire, Balti-
more, Maryland, of the class of 1892.
Mr.. Hawkins is one Of Howard IS most
successful graduates The Theological
Alumni association will hold it's annual
meeting, Friday, June 10 at IL o clock.
noon
This years alumni events will be
notable by reason of the attendance of
members who are coming from all parts
of the country to help celebrate the
greater forward movement. Anoth CT
feature of interest will be the presen-
tation Of "The Canterbury Pilgrims,
play by Percy Mackaye, on the How
ard university campus, Thursday, June
9 at 8 p. m. The university r. o. T. @.
band will render concerts daily from
Monday to Friday, inclusive, during
commencement week.
The annual commencement address
will be delivered by the Honorable Will
liam n. Lewis, Of Boston, Mass, for
merly assistant attorney general of the
! United States. The week promises to
be complete one, crowded with events
OF interest to oficerss teachers, stu
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26

(By The Associated Negro Press. }
Tuskegee Institute, Ala, May "a:
May "a marked the beginning OF
the fortieth annual commencement
exercises Of the Tuskegee. normal
industrial institute, which were
brought to close Thursday after
noon, May 26. The following is the
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26
Many Candies Made.

Though candles are not SO generally
used as they were before the days o.
mineral illuminating oils. g0s ana elec
tricity, they still constitute an impor
rant article OF i.snnsfacture. The can
ile IL an ancient forlc Of lighting. The
word comes from the Latin wosa
seandares which means to glow.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1921-05-26

dents, alumni and friends. The grounds
will be elaborately decorated during
commencement week.
The annual alumni luncheon will be
served in Miner hall, Friday, June 10,
at 1880 p. M President Charles Dunbar
Bradley King and the Liberian Plenary
Commission now in this country have
been invited to be present at the va
rious commencement exercises.