Evening star., 1921-12-09

ing her an opportunity to partici-

ing her an opportunity to partici-
pate"
Publicity Declared Renely.
Translated into International Ian.
Belgium from entering into de-
fensive treaty Of any kind without
| consulting Germany. Such limita-
tion could not be accepted. All agreed
| that treaties had been entered into
not only In regard to China. but also
to other nations. which reflected no
credit on those who had concluded
them. For this evil the great remedy
was publicity. Most of the nations
represented at this conference were
members of the league of nations and
were bound under article eighteen of
| the covenant to register their treaties
with the league, which was under an
obligation to publish them. The
United States Of America was not q
member of the league OF nations, but
its Constitution necessitated wide
publicity in regard to treaties: Hence
ferred were bound to make their
treati public and give them the
widest notoriety. That was the real
protection for China. The whole world
would become the Judge of future
| treaties. He would, therefore, ask his
I
mfttee to adopt the resolution under
discussion, but to deal with particular
evils. as the conference was doing.
Mr.. Balfour then quoted the first of
the resolutions drafted by Mr.. Root
and adopted by the committee on No
| vember Fl, 1921: :.
| ITO respect the sovereignty, the in
| dependence. and the territorial and
administrative integrity of China"
This resolution. IL sincerely carried
proposal made by Mr.. Koo could ef-
feet. without raising the difficulties
| inseperable from his scheme.
Seeks Points Of Agreement.
The chairman (Mr. Hughes) desired
to say a few words and to offer a few
suggestions. in order to find point
upon which the committee might
agree. He was sure that all under
stood the deep concern which had
prompted the proposal of the Chinese
delegation. and that there was gen.
eral sympathy with China in her de-
sire that there should be no engage
ments OF any, character interfering
stable and efficient government in
China; but note must be taken Of ac-
! tual conditions. The question was.
| therefore. how could aid be rendered
ent circumstances. The committee
had agreed in the second paragraph
| of the Root resolution" "to provide
! the fullest and most unembarrassed
| opportunity to China to develop and
! maintain for herself an effective and
q pledge, but, he believed. a recogni- :
| ton of the fundamental fact that
China alone could develop and main
tain an effective and stable govern
others-China must do it herself. but
| other governments could afford her
| the opportunity and possibility Of do
ing so. But there must be patience
development in China is an age-long
process. Our hurrying peoples musi
be patient. for the matter could never
be worked out by coercion or by
; rousing the passive resistance Of the
Chinese. people against interference
in their public affairs. There was nc
wish to interfere while waiting, but
there was a wish to aid
This. he said. was the spirit of the
conference. The powers concerned
were most ANXIOUS to help and to as.
sist this legitimate aspiration. Ant
the opportunity was one which could
not be conserved by any action thai
took advantage of China's plight.
Against Secret EngaEements.
If that be the spirit, discussion o.
the specific question presented in para
graph No. 1 of the Root resolution
might be taken up. It had beer
,agreed to respect the integrity an6
sovereignty of China and this natur.
respect the integrity of other powers
Each power should be free to make
the agreements necessary for the
preservation of it's proper interests
any general proposition going SO fal
as to dcrogate or limit the right te
make agreements relative to funda
mental legitimate interests would b,
lone not easily defended
The chairman then observed tina,
there might be treaties affecting
;Chfna not adverse to China, but Il
could be said that there would be nc
secret enSagements. Mr.. Balfour hae
quite property said that the othel
governments here represented were
bound not to make such engagement.
and that the government of tht
limited States could not. More thar
that could be done, however-ther'
could be recorded an expression of
idesire to be helpful to China in th'
preservation of the legitimate fielt
of her administrative autonomy ant
a reasSertion in connection with para
!graph No. Of the Root resolution,
of the determination to do nothing IL
derogation of the sovereignty. inde
Ipendence and territorial and admin
istrative integrity of China.
| Therefore, II there were embodied
lin the resolution relating to treatie!
principles underlying the Chinese pro
,posal and an expression of the inten
tion to do nothing in derogation o.
these principles and to make NJ
treaties or engagements in deroga
ton of the sovereignty and admins
!trative integrity of China, all tina
iChina desired would be attained with
out the committee being led into {
discussion of the theoretic1 freedom
of the treaty-making power.
| Qualification Asked For.
The chairman therefore suggested
that the Chinese delegation advance
some qualification of their proposal
which would permit the matter tc
be discussed in that sense.
Mr.. Hanihara said that he had very
little to add to what Mr.. Balfour hat
so ably stated. He only desired tC
make the point Of view Of the Japa-
nese delegation clear by saying. 3
few words. The japanese delegation
believed that the sovereign nation:
had the right of concluding any
treaty or agreement between them