, 1921-08-11
SIGNS POINTING
TO BAD BATTERY
Practical Hints on What to Do
to Get Long Life and Good
Service From ''Juice' Box.
WARNING WILL Be ADEQUATE
II Car 10 Run Much at Night Current
May Not Be suffieient-When
Charging System Fails Have
II Attended to.

Sooner or later your electrical
system will fail to charge the battery.
When that happens your engine will
begin to miss explosions and shortly
after will refuse to run. Before this
calamity overtakes you there will be
plenty of warning. The lights will go
down more than usual when the
starter Is used. They will brighten
when you speed up the engine and
grow dim when you slow down. These
signs point to a weak battery and
should not be disregarded. If you
have been observant you will have
noticed that the ammeter registered a
low charging rate. This indicates that
the generator Is not charging as It
should. But the fault may be In the
driver and not In the generator at all.
If the starter or the lights are used too
much the current will be drawn from
the battery faster than 1t is being
charged. So note that FOUR battery
gets the proper balance. II the car
Is run much at night the battery may
not receive enough current. Run the
engine more during the daytime. $ 10
as to replace the current that has been
drawn from It.
When Charging System Falls.
If the charging system has failed.
due to some defect, have 1t attended
to at a service station, and have the
battery charged Immediately. Some
owners prefer to charge their own
batteries from the lighting system in
the house. This is a practical method
and one that will grow. especially
where service stations are not avail
able.
Special apparatus is required, but
II Is not expensive. 1t may be con-
nected to any lamp socket using no
volt current. This may be direct or
alternating. the apparatus differing
according to which current Is used.
For direct current a rheostat is EN-
ployed which brings the current down
to the right amperes. usually ten
amperes for the average battery
used on n starting and lighting system.
For alternating current a rectiier
must be used TO give direct current
and to give the right amperage. The
positive of the battery must be con-
nected to the positive lead from the
apparatus and the negative of battery
to the negative lead. This runs the
charging current into the positive of
the battery, reversing the chemical
composition of the plates. Then, when
the change Is complete, charging is
stopped and the current may be drawn
| from, tho nncitfyn In thn nGrav taonnnr
Prepare for Charging.
Before charging you must see that
the electrolyte covers the plates. Moth
Ing but distilled watey should ever be
added for this purpose, and then only
after the battery Is charged. The cleo
trolyte should cover the plates at least
a quarter of an inch at I'LL times. Hav-
ing inspected and corrected this condi-
ton, the filling caps should be re-
moved to allow the gas to escape.
Then adjust the amperage according
to the capacity of the battery. A
discharged battery should start charg-
Ing at one-tenth capacity. Thus q 100
a~mpere-hour battery should start at
ten amperes; a sixty ampere-hour at
six smperes. In ar hour or so the
hydrogen gas will start to com off
very freely. This is known as gassing
or boiling. When It gases freely you
diminish the charging rate one or two
amperes. The battery will be fully
charged when the electrolyte reads
1.275 to 1900 on the hydrometer. This
will take about ten hours. The volt
meter reading will be about seven
volts. but the hydrometer test Is nor
satisfactory.