The Colorado statesman. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1895-1961, 1921-01-08
GREECE; NEW NATION OF
AN ANCIENT PEOPLE.


The question OF succession to the
throne of King Alexander OF Greece
turned world interest once more 10
southeastern Europe. The changes
GREECE has undergone territorially ana
the part 1t has played in the wars ana
crises of Its corner OF the world, are
discussed in the following bulletin Is
sued by the National Geographic So
ciety:
what is Greecef
"In the light OF the past the answer
might well be tentative, for dehnl-
tIon OF Greece's area at any time our
ing the thousands of years OF It's MS
tory would have held good hardly Tor
a quarter century and In latter years
SO swift have been the changes In the
new Greece. each decade has seen the
fixing of new boundaries.
"Not until modern times-except
during the momentary empire of Alex
ander-has Greece meant a nation.
In the GrecIan Golden Age, as well
as before and since, Greece was
house divided against Itself. It's ue-
tailed history would mean the history
of more than $50 separate states.
And vet there was at all times some
feeling of Hellenic nationality even
though the rivalries among the va
rIous groups stood In the way or fu-
sion into single nation.
"WhIle Great Britain may be de-
scribed as a land surrounded by seas
Greece may be said TO be a sea sur
rounded by land The Hellenes have
always been sea-faring folk, ana
the Mediterranean sea. and more par
ttcularIy the Aegean have been their
own particular herring ponds inc
islands of the eastern Mediterranean
became Greek territory in their en-
tirety, and this was true also ~ the
island-llke Peloponnesus and some
other portions of the Greek peninsula.
But an equally important part OF
Greece-or better, of the land or tle
Hellenes-were the settlements maze
by its mariners on the shores of the
mainland that hem in the Mediter-
ranean. These settlements consu-
tuted an unbroken fringe of Hellas
along the shores of Asia Minor. and
scattered communities on the shores
OF Italy, III SlClIy, even IN ii"i $500
Africa and what is now southern
France. This was the loose Greece
or Heilas at its greatest-a domain
of one people but of many states.
Greece gave the world its first
League of Nations, the Delian league
organized In HI b. C. by way Of mu-
tuai protection against the external
aggression of Persia. which had
sort OF Berlin-to- Bagdad ambition or
its own In those days. Athens was
the only principal power In this
league. and was the recognized leader
of the organization.
Later came the hegemony of Ath-
ems by force. the paradoxical empire
of a democracy, bereft even OF the
trnppings OF monarchy. At this pc
riod and under what may be termed
the empires of Sparta and Thebes,
close approach to a Greek nation may
be said to have existed; but In none
of these eras were most of the terri
tories peopled by Greeks included, and
even large parts of the Greek penln-
suia itself were governed by other
Hellenic states. For brief period
under Alexander the Great, Greece
reached the status of nation, but 1t
was a fusion forced by a virtual out
slider and contained much territory In
habIted by others than Greeks: and
on the death of the great military
genius the Hellenes separated again
into numerous governmental units.
"Greece, expanding from the city
state, had comprised for a moment
almost the whole civilized world: but
the great dilation was followed by an
equally great contraction. Greece fell
under the rising power of Rome. and
became a mere province In the west
ern empire.
"The military ability and power of
the Greeks died under the Roman
yoke: but when the Eastern empire
was formed with Constantlnople as Its
seat, Greek culture conquered where
Greek arms could not, and ByZantium
became In reality n great Greek state.
Once more the territory that, by con-
struction at least. can be regarded as
Greece. spread outward until 1t held
within It's boundaries much of south
eastern Europe. 1t is on reviving the
glory of this period In Grecian history
that Greek ambition. when 1t could
live Mt all, has dwelt."
MONGOLIA: SHE SEEKS TO