The daily star-mirror. (Moscow, Idaho) 1911-1939, 1921-11-11
What. CREATED
BIG ARMAMENTS
MODERN CAUSES ARE MANY
CREATION OF WEALTH AND MAS
SING OF CAPITAL FEATURE.

SING OF CAPITAL FEATURE.
Washington, Nov 1O-Why do ma
tions go to war when the people O.
every land and age hate war, ant
why do people stagger under the
burdens of armament when they dc
not want them?
The modern causes direct and in
direct are many and intricate thougl
they have also been quite natural
We must go into them thoroughly
we are to understand them Amons
them are some of the things that
have meant most in the advancement
OF civilization science, steam ant
electric power, control of disease, an(
transportation. The creation o1
wealth and massing of capital have
played a part Secret diplomacy, sus-
picion and fear have also done their
part.
To establish eventually a warless
world, with mutual reduction of
armament as the first step, we must
face the facts and all the facts 1t is
not enough to say to the nations
BE good" We must find out what
it is to be good in this modern world
and we must establish suitable inter-
national agencies SO that we can be
good. We must do much hard-head-
ed, cOol-hearted, clear-minded and
creative thinking.
In connection with this question of
armament one may well ask, "Will
Germany win the war after all?" Be-
ing compelled to disarm, she has
stopped her bloated budgets for ar
maments. Her yearly payments for
reparations are less than what either
France, England or America elected
to spend the past year in their re-
spectice ornaments. Germany is
hard at work producing, the sure and
only road to recovery and prosperity
England, France and America are
still tagging in production and at
the same time are wasting enormous
sums maintaining their armament
programs.
The principal direct and indirect
causes of big armaments, and also of
the recent world war, are the follow
ing:
First, science, steam and electric
power and standardized production by
machinery, have given the advanced
nations extraordinary powers of ex-
pansion and aggression.
Second, creation of wealth and
massing Of capital, control of disease
and increase of population with de-
mand for more food and for abund-
ant raw material, have caused the
progressive nations to reach out long
arms into all the world.
Third the existence of many alb
solutely Independent sovereign gov
ernments, each responsible only to it's
own people for their welfare has led |
to conscious and Scheming rivalry
and the adoption by several govern
ments of the policy of economic i'm
perialism. By diplomacy, intimida-
ton and intrigue they have sought for
expansion of commerce and for the
political control Of those backward
geographical areas on which they
were, or expected to be, dependent
for food and raw material
Fourth, suspicion and fear of
neighbors have led each government
to build up it's own defensive system.
This practice antedates, indeed, hui
man history But it has reached
modern proportions because the dis
coveries of science have been effect
lively utilized.
Fifth, the massing and mObilizing
for war of the entire power of each
nation has become possible by pOpu-
lar education, growing nationalism,
political Capitalization,
and growing interrelation and coop
GRAFTON of commerce, industry. and
politics.
Sixth, acts of one people or Gov
srnment with no thought or intention
Of il1-will, have often brought harm
TO neighboring nations, arousing feel {
ings and acts of retaliation growing
into settled mutual hostility. s
Seventh, the modern system of fl t
nance has enabled governments
through loans and credits not only to {
Utilize to the full, existing wealth, |
)ut to discount and mortgage their
futures and has to create big arma- /
ments otherwise impossible.
Eighth, the modern system of treat c
es, open and secret, have produced t
groups of powers" committed to as l;
lit each other under certain con b
ingencies, thus increasing fears and p
uspicions and making war budgets v
Inevitable in every land. a
Ninth, vast private manufacturing t
producing munitions and
ther materials needed by armies and n
lavies have deliberately cultivated 9
suspicious and fears for 81
purposes of private gains. II
Tenth, materialistic, unchristian a
justifying the right OF "
trong peoples to take and to dOmf- o
ate the earth, has stimulated sell p
[sh nationaIistic ambitions and ri n
alries The doctrines that mere D
light gives right, that moral laws do 2
OF bind nations; that the weak must u
% the wall; that v1ctors may ignore 81
ne needs OF the vanquished and may n
xploit them and their resources
lese inhuman doctrines of material
I'm have led to vast national crimes,
nd to deep-seated hatreds and plans
)r revenge.
Eleventh, the will to avert the fate 81
[ the vanquished, if not positively to 81
in the prize of the victor, has been B
MIC r. Il