davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
CARPENTER SAYS
HE Is GLAD THAT
TRAINING IS OVER
Dempsey's Challenger Winds
Up Program With Acrobat
les and Road Work.
BY Associated Press 4:

BY Associated Press.
MANIA SSETT. L. l., June go
Georges Carpenter finished his long
training stunt this afternoon, breath
ed a sigh Of relief and said he was
glad it was over. He added that he
felt better than he ever had before
a fight.
Despite a heavy rain that fell
throughout the day Georges worked
hard and when he finished, Trainer
Gus Wilson announced that the chal-
lenger was on edge.
At o'clock this morning Carpen-
tier accompanied by Charles Ledoux,
Paul Journee and Pierre Malet
hurried of to the woods They
logged for a while and when caught
in a heavy shower found shelter in
an old barn. Here Georges shadow
boxed for half an hour and perform
then arrived with rain coats and the
party ran back TO camp.
After lunch Georges went TO the
gym and worked for half an hour.
When he finished he jumped on the
scales and tipped the beam at IT,
pounds. He appeared delighted and
remarked that this was the heaviest
that he had ever been before a
fight Friday, Carpenter will eXer-
else lightly for about an hour. No
visitors will be permitted 10 enter
the camp and Georges Will retire
early.
Light Exercise Saturday.
It is likely, Wilson said Thurs
day, that he would go through a
light exercise Saturday morning,
lunch about 10 o'clock, then go by
motor TO New York. thence to Jer-
sey Citya to the home of a friend,
where he will remain until about .
O'Clock. He will then hurry TO the
arena in order TO be in the ring
at $50.
Enjoying perfect peace in the alb
sence of visitors, Carpenter this af-
ternoon spent three hours opening
mail which in the last fhree days
has accumulated to more than a
thousand pieces. There were pres
ents and message of good will from
all corners of the universe. The
most interesting Of these was a let
ter from French Indo-China, evil
IDENTIFY sent by a youth who served
with the French army during the
war. The letter itself no one in the
camp could translate, but It had an
accompanying drawing that depicted
Carpenter standing on the chest Of
a vanquished opponent and a figure
in the corner gesticulating wildly
and saying something in Chinese.
That's Descamps," laughed
Georges.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
TtCO PhiLS Go to Giants
For Three Other PLAYER.

By Associated Press:
PHILADELPHIA. June Gown.
II. Baker, president the Philadel-
phia Nationa- League baseball, an
nounced Thursday night he had
traded John Rawlings and Charles
Stengel 70 the New York Nationals
for Goldie Rapp. Lee King and
Lance Richbourg.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
BLUES COME FROM BEHIND.

BY Associated Press:
MINNEAPOLIS. June 3O-Kansas
City came from behind Thursday
and defeated Minneapolis 10 10 s.
Both teams hit hard. Rondeau and
Good knocking out hOmers. Score:
Kansas City .001 04O O32-1O II ;
POS 900 OO3- II .
Ames, Carter and Blackwell; Nc
Laughlm an0 MAYER
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

BY s. associated Press
TOLEDO, c., June 3O.-Indian-
apo.Is staged a ninth inning rally
and beat Toledo in a . 20 1 game
Friday. Score:
indianapolis. OO1 O0c 0O1-2
Toledo. 600 90 00O-1 2 ,
Petty and Henline; Mccullough
and Schaunel.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
IF COULD DO NO HARM.

Mr.. Daugherty says be IS after
only the big profiteers But while
he is waiting 10 get them he might
land a few OF the little ones, just
for practice.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

Before July 10th VIII draw inter
est from July LIST. Compounded
quarterly.
BUILDING & LOAN ASSOCIATION
OF SOUTH BEND
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
National League.
American Association.
Yesterdays RESULTS.
Ar.,arfr..r. ...-.t.

Detroit, 8. Cleveland, 3.
First game:
Chicago. 1; 81. Louis, 6.
Second game:
Chicago, o; ST. Louis, l.
Rest, rain.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

Indianapolis, . Toledo. ]
Louisville. 6 Columbus. o.
Kansas City, 10; Minneapolis, s.
Milwaukee, 4 st. Paul, 1.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

Baltimore. 8: Reading, 1.
Rochester, Il; Buffalo, 6.
Syracuse, Z; Toronto. y.
Newark Jersey City. rain.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

Many a hero has a framed copy
OF the Stacker list hung on his wall
TO prove his war service.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

Little Rock. 3 New Orleans, 6.
Memphis, ?; Atlanta, 4.
Chattanooga, 16; Nashville, il.
Birmingham-Mobile rain.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

All these foreign affairs must be
cutting heavily into Mr. Harding's
golf
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

aNhtAWAnA AaFAk W.
cincinnati, ; Pittsburg ,.
Rest, rain.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01
GAMES TO-DAY

hNEIFE INHII LII WFs
Chicago at st. Louis.
Boston at New York.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-01

aNAAANAAAA Aafh NAfs
Cincinnati at Pittsburg.
New York at Boston.
Brooklyn at philadelphia.
The New York herald., 1921-02-20

Under this plan of campaign an air battle
would always precede the naval engagement
between ships and the victor of the air battle
would be able TO destroy the fleet practically
at will.
Great Britain according to Gen. Mitchell.
has adopted this theory Of naval warfare and
already has at least six airplane carriers.
while Japan Is also going in on large scale.
AS an immediate step toward the realiza
ton of this plan Gen. Mitchell recommends
that the Leviathan, the Won Steuben and
the Agamemnon be converted into airplane
carriers though these ships are not as large
or as fast as he would like. The Leviathan.
he estimates. would carry twenty-five bonn
bardment planes, the Won Steuben one hum
dred pursuit planes and the Agamemnon
fifty attack planes. With this nucleus he
believes the United States would be able to
put to practical test many of the plans which
the Air Service strategists have worked out.
The Jupiter. now being converted by the
navy into an airplane carrier. Gen. Mitchell
regards as little better than worthless. He
designates her as a scow, capable Of maxi
ing fourteen knots an hour under favorable
conditions. Such vessel. he says. would
not be able to keep up with the feet. to say
nothing Of preceding II.
For eaplanes the General has little or no
use lie believes they are of practically no
value in war. and he discounts any effect
they might have in preventing an attack on
tho fleet by hostile aircraft He asserts with
out qualification that seaplancs cannot exist
in the face OF hostile aircraft of most inn
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Great Britain's Vast Aerial Fleet
Stirs Gen. Mitchell 70 Act

Notwithstanding these statements. Gen.
Mitchell has asserted that Great Britain
is building the greatest aerial fleet in the
world and is at the present time vastly
superior to the United States in this branch
of warfare.
The Senate Naval Affairs Committee took
the view OF Secretary Daniels when it incor-
porated into its report to the Senate the
recommendations of the Navy General
Board The idea that capital ships can be
done away with by torpedo craft, subma-
r.nes or airplanes is based on the "old fall
lacy that can be cheaply won by hit
;ing lodging and running" the General
Board stated.
To-day" the report continued, "the OPP
ponents of the battleship are basing their
arguments upon the present and prospec
tive. especially the prospective development
of submarines and aircraft. II is the old
hattie of words over again, like that of the
torpedo against the big ship, the gun against
armor. speed against concentrated. fighting
power. We are asked to accept hopes for
accomplishment The submarine
is the most successful weapon In its qualities
OF conceament and surprise yet advanced.
II came near winning the war for Germany.
But. as always necessity and invention COM
bined found means to meet the menace and
reduce IL to comfortable limits
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
In oval above is Capt. Thomas
Tingey Craven, u. S. NJ, in charge of
aviation, who combats Gen. MitchelPs
assertions.

SO far as movement of any target on land
on water is concerned, according to Gen.
Mitchell, the effect is practically negligible
where collective bombing is concerned.
There is nothing on the ground or water
that can move more than one-fifth as fast
an airplane. Though stating it his belief
that the airplane would eventually dispace
the warship to n considerable extent, Gen.
Mitchell made il perfectly plain that he does
rot favor interruption of the present navy
programme. Asked by Congressman French
If we would be safe I'm disregarding any
weapon we now have on land, he said
I'VE would not favor abandoning such
weapons either on the land the sea.
You cannot do II yet, but you will be able
to do so on the sea before long. We must
first play safe and improve and substitute
as we go along"
On another occasion in reply to a ques-
ton as to whether he would eliminate the
navy, he said:
"Oh. you cannot do il at this stage of
development: but you must realize that
aircraft have the power. If developed. TO
destroy shipping. / think the navy's mis-
sion i'm national defence is the protection of
sea communication. believe that the air
force can control sea communications IL
properly organized and developed for the
reason that II has the power of offence con-
stantly with ii over shipping on the surface
of the water because II has the power Of
destroying any shipping, and development
OF equipment, armament and methods will
make IL vastly stronger"
Asked IL hS favored discontinuance of the
present building programme for battle cruis-
ers and battleships Gen. Mitchell said:
II consider that a naval matter. You
must consider what they can do with the
navy as opposed to an enemy navy at
present"
And again when asked IL he would advise
Congress to substitute air defence for
water" he said:
Most decidedly not. You cannot do It,
You would simply render our country sub
iect to the attack of other nations who
would have that advantage"
Gen. Mitchell did insist. however. that the
Indications are that with proper develop
ment air weapons can he so improved as TO
make naval weapons of secondary import
ance and he takes the stand that for Con-
press 10 refuse 10 lend its support 10 such
development while Great Britain and Japan
and other nations are concentrating on the
cir IL TO invite national catastrophe.
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Idea of One Air Department
Especially for Building End

''The second heading under which may be
discussed the proposition of combining all of
aviation i'm a single and new department is
that of the production Of machines. The
proposition to produce under a single head
and under one organization is alluring, but
will not stand close scrutiny with the avia-
ton art in it's present experimental condi-
ton. The navy has not yet developed the
type of machine suited to it's needs, and
until the present it has struggled with the
seaplane or with adaptations of the army
types. Land machines. land tactics and
knowledge of overland aviation in general are
well advanced. The contrary is true in so
far as the perfection of naval apparatus and
naval aviation methods are concerned.
"The third heading under which the OBJ
lection to n combined service may he dis
cussed Is that of efficiency of operations
Except in the elementary work of learning
to fly there can be no doubt that the train
ing and operations OF the personnel engaged
In naval aviation are entirely different from
the training and operations of those who
work overland I'm conjunction with armies.
The useful application of flying is the i'm
portant detail for the aviator In war, and OF
the difficulties with which the naval aviator
contends the soldier can have no knowledge.
The details of communications and of posi-
tion finding are OF paramount Importance.
The aviation arm must be employed i'm COM
bination with our other arms and not in
dependently."
Capt Craven then quotes Gen. pershing
as favoring separate aviation organizations
and then quotes prominent British officials
as saying the consolidation plan In effect
in Great Britain has not been satisfactory
IL must he admitted however that most Of
the authorities quoted are naval men.
Gen. Mitchell answers Capt. Cravens argu-
ments at least to his own satisfaction
nd eicfo ha
scheme not only would a much more efficient
aviation service he developed but also the
Government would he saved a great deal OF
money i'm the long run.
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Continued from Preceding Page

battleship has been rendered obsolete 1t
was so with the torpedo boat; 1t was so
with the submarine; 1t is now so with the
development of the aircraft.
History has shown, however. that for
every new weapon against the battleship
q defence has developed either by modifi-
cation of the battleship itself or by adopt
ing a new weapon or new type of vessel to
work with the battleship. At the battle of
Jutland, for instance, both the British and
Germans had an enormous number of tor
pedo craft Had either side been without
these auxiiaries there is no doubt that its
battleships would have suffered severely.
AS matter of fact the damage done to the
battleships by torpedces was very slight.
The torpedo craft of each side largely pro
ected its battleships from those of its op-
ponent, and even at night the battleships
themselves, particularly those of the Ger
mans, showed surprising ability to defend
themselves against attacks of the swarms
of small torpedo vessels present.
Developments Of the past year have con-
hrmed the conclusions of the department
that battleships were still the backbone OF
the fighting feet, and this is no time for
their abandonment.
Great Britain, coming out of the war
with an overwhelming preponderance of
battleships and battle cruisers, has under
taken no large new construction during the
year There were rumors from time to time
that this was because the British were
preparing to abandon battleships. but these
lumors were authoritatively set at rest
when the First Lord of the British Ad-
miralty, on March II last, when introduc-
ing the navy estimates before Parliament.
stated clearly that Great Britain regarded
the battleship as still the dominating factor
Of naval warfare, saying:
1--WE have been told in some quarters
that the day of the big capital ship is
over. All I can say is that, in the first
place, that is not the view of my naval adj
visers at the Board of Admiralty and it is
not the view, so far as l can find out, of any
other great naval country. There is no
country which desires to have a strong
navy which is not to-day actually laying
down big ships, and the theory that the day
of the big ship is over is one for which
there is not really, if you examine the evi-
dence, one shadow of foundation
The New York herald., 1921-02-20

organizations of the navy and also of the
army may be defended under three separate
heads.
THE first is that of economy II an en-
tirely separate and distinct organization for
the control of aviation is created the eabo-
rate systems i'm existence i'm the navy
and the army for the procurement and trans
portation of materials must be duplicated in
this new organization. A new personnel and
another medical department. together with
legal section containing the officers of a
judge advocate and solicitor. must be created
for the new service. The radio and com
munication organizations now existing must
be duplicated .
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Only Adjuncts of the Fleet.
Is Comment on AiTpIanes

THE capital ship survived this. perhaps
the most serious danger TO which it has yet
been exposed. and further improvements i'm
underwater protection well as in other
ways have greatly minimzed it.
Finally came the bomb and torpedo carry
ing aircraft to contest the supremacy of
the capital ship, as well as of all surface
vessels. Great things not yet accomplished
are predicted 10y the inventors and enthu-
siastic supporters of these new weapons,
but IL past experience has any value IL may
be as confidently predicted that equally fer
tile invention will provide means for meet
ing the future development of these weap-
ons and that they. like their dangerous
predecessors. will continue to be only adj
iuncts of the fleet Already aircraft have
been successfully employed i'm the war
against aircraft
"No one can foretell what the develop
ments IN aviation may bring in the modifca
ton of present accepted types OF surface
vessels, but IL may be confidently asserted
that changes of type due to this influence
will be slow and will not seriously affect the
value OF the ships now built or to be built
in the near future.
AT present the defence of surface ships
against aircraft attack, whether by bombs
or torpedoes seems fairly well solved. II
consists mainly I'm meeting aircraft with air
craft. The limitations of aircraft such
that there is no reason why both sides prop
erly prepared. should not have aircraft at
hand when the time and place for their
arises Victory In the air will depend upon
the greater efficiency in personnel and ma
torial In the air service. Hence the need
for immediate training and preparation in
aviation
Aviation development over the land has
progressed far more than over the water
The difficulties of the effective use Of air
craft over the water against ships are i'm
comparaby greater During the war the
damage TO surface vessels from aircraft was
practically negligible. II is easy 10 lay
bomb on the deck Of a ship. explode II from
= safe place and then exclaim i'm wonder at
the damage caused. But IL Is a very differ
ent matter to place that same bomb from the
air when under gunfre or attack from other
planes.
"The same is true OF the torpedo launched
from aircraft The characteristic weaknesses
of the torpedo under the necessary condi-
tlons of operations make hit from the air
difficult under the best conditions. but con-
ceding n can be done tests under peace con-
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Five Times as Fast as Others.
So Moving Target, Is Not Safe

While admitting il might he difficult for
a single airplane TO drop a bomb on battle
ship, Gen. Mitchell took pains r. make clear
that in modern air strategy one plane would
seldom. II ever, be called upon to attempt
such task An organization of a great
number of airplanes would be used, thus
getting the effect of collective bombing.
For instance, nj attacking a target from
a height of 10000 or $4,000 feet, a lombard
ment OF three groups, each containing about
one hundred planes. would be used These
bombing planes would be protected by pur-
suit or light. swift fighting planes. Each
squadron would have one observer who
directs the squadron on the target When
he throws his bombs all the others throw
theirs. each squadron dropping several tons.
Each squadron would attack in the same
fashion. and il one missed the target
altogether the observer would tell the next
squadron by wireless just why they missed
and what should be done 20 avoid missing
again With 800 planes attacking, the area
covered Is approximately two miles square,
so that some are considered certain 10 hit
A blue print diagram of 251 bombs dropped
from 5000 feet upon a target the size OF a
modern battleship shows fifty-hve direct
hits fifty within the danger zone, or a total
of AIS per cent. OF destructive hits Such
records according to Gen. Mitchell, are being
made every day in practice by Air Service
aviators. In many instances avators have
made eighty per cent. of hits at 10000 feet
After 500 years of cannon development Gen
Mitchell asserted five per cent Of hits at
10000 yards Is a good average, while the Air
Service does much better after four years
OF development.
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Carriers TO Handle 100 Planes
And Precede the Main Fleet

For transporting his great fighting groups
of planes he would have floating airdromes"
swift aircraft carriers capable of making
greater speed than the swiftest destroyer
or battle cruiser and with a capacity Of a
hundred or more planes. These carriers
would form a movable base from which the
aircraft could operate. and they would pre-
cede the main fleet by "a considerable dis
tance. depending upon their speed and air
planes for protection
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Sespisnes Wholly Condemned
Because of Lack of Speed

"One thing that we most strenuously OBJ
jected to-" he said was the covering of our
coasts with flying boats. because the minute
the enemy went into them he would puncture
them like putty and the money put into
them. If regarded from the standpoint of
coast defence, would be largely wasted"
a seaplane according TO Gen. Mitchell,
makes from 90 TO 100 miles an hour. whereas
the pursuit plane can make from 100 to 1870
miles hour.
Gen. Mitchell urged upon the Appropria-
tions Comm ttee the advisabiity of con-
centrating the air service of the country
under one distinct department. At present.
he pointed out, there is a navy air service,
an army air service. a Marine Corps air
service. a Post Office Department air SER
vice, and other departments are consider
ing the establishment of air services This
year Congress has set aside over $780,
900 900 for these various aviation services.
Cen Mitchell contends that there Is
much unnecessary duplicat on and gem
eral inefiiciency. He charges that the
navy is not making proper plans for the
employment OF aircraft in naval warfare
The New York herald., 1921-02-20
Director of Naval Aviation
Jumps In to Defend Navy Idea

Speaking for the navy on the subject of
a single aviation service. Capt T. T. Cra-
ven, director of naval aviation, says
THE navy retains the view that the aero
nautical arm should be nodded completely
into the naval organization. Otherwise 1t
cannot have that full sympathy and support
which come only through close familiarity
and community of interest The complete
effectiveness OF aviation in distant overseas
operations cannot be developed except
through close and intimate association with
q naval power; consequently the advance
ment of fleet aviation will be retarded if tho
aeronautical branch is in any degree sep
arate and exists otherwise than as a definite
md integral part of the naval service. The