davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
Columbus and Tobacco
Late Research Alters Theories Long Held
by Historians

AFRICA AND THE DISCOVERY OF
America. BY Leo Wiener. Published by
lnnes & Sons Philadelphia
TNHAT Columbus was sadly per-
Il picked man is evidenced many
S" times in Professor Leo Wiener $
Africa and the Discovery of
America, the first volume of which we
have just read. In 1902, Vignaud, in his
Toscaneili and Columbus, startled the
members Of the old school of set views
as to Columbus by revealing the forgery
in and the impossibility of the great
navigators acquaintance with the
Toscanelli letter. On top of that reve-
lation has come TO be widely held be-
lief that the glory of the discovery of
1892 is muSh tarnished by the quibbling
and mental distraction of ths worthy
Christopher.
The defense in the case reminds US
that Columbus was positive that he was
off the southeastern coast Of Asia in
October, 1892, that he could not make
the traditional landmarks, half mythical
through their transmission from Marco
Polo, agree with the capes, islands and
seas he encountered. He was looking
for great city. It could not be found.
And where were the stores of gold and
precious gemsf
Much of the whirl Of controversy in
this matter centers around the pecul-
iarity and the unrcliability Of place
names and of terms given to plants and
to animals in the Columbian reports.
Gradually there has developed a school
of scholars and writer's who suspect that
there may have been, probably was,
s pre-Columbian link between the west
coast of Africa and the central belts of
the two Americas. Professor Wiener,
in this surprisingly exhaustive treat
ment of this phase of the riot of argu-
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

THE INFLUENCE OF PURrTANIsM. nv
gohn stephen Flynn. E P. Dutton &
TNHAT Puritanism was and is a de-
IL termining factor in shaping the
American commonwealth-we re-
fer to the United States-is a state
'nene not to be refuted. And when we
give this power, both political and re-
ligious in elements, lease of life to-
day, we have in mind patent evidences
Of It's effects in turning and guiding
certain social movements of the present.
There has been lineage of Puritanisn
from the days of Cromwell on to this
century, and the voice and the vote Of
the living type are as emphatic as they
were in the seventeenth century.
There have been numerous treaties
on the Puritan and his influence on
British history and literature. There
mas been no one book that, starting
with origins, has covered the whole story
Of the movement of Puritanism down to
to-day, to find effects in Great Britain
and the United States. MiIton's tracts.
Buffers Hudibras, Lucy Hutchinson's
Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson. even
Bunyan's Pilgrims Progress and The
Holy War, have thrown flashlights Of
comment, satire and laudation, SPRING
ing from and inspored by Puritanism.
on the salient phases of the great CEN
tral fact of the idea. But no writer
that we recall has seen it as a duty to
merge all the continent matter on the
subject in one work until John Stephen
Flynn, Of Trinity College, Dublin, at
tackled the problem in The Influence of
Puritanism.
This book is desideratum to him who
would appreciate Puritanism, weigh it
at its full value. In the compass Of this
brief review, we can but say that Mr.
Flynn has been temperate in his criti-
cism and just in his estimate of the
Puritan. England needed q clarifying
slde-stream, pure and cold, to pour into
the corrupted current of her civic prog
v.
spirit of revolt is a dangerous one. Yet
if 1t be born from the will to serve God.
to subdue the evils of the flesh, to create
and maintain by the sword a sternIy
righteous State, there must be conces-
sion in criticism and no apologies. For
Time tends to eradicate wrong tenden-
cies toward too rigid asceticisms, leaving
the humane portions of political struc-
ture for pernanency. AS our author
shows, conscience" not alone of man,
but Of the State, has kept Puritanism a
yeast never quiescent in the body
polite. 1t is possible, in his book, to
trace the restless workings of this driv-
ing force, always aiming toward salu-
tary laws, bolstering religious thought,
educating public opinion, moral in
gredient that cannot be ignored in times
of peace and Of unrest.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

warfare. But If we had been in the
front line, without support, depend
ing on our own resources, what would
have happened? Says TIE author: "No
soldier who was engaged in the great
war has any doubt on this question.
The answer is: Overwhelming disaster,
recovery from which would have taken
generations"
What is the lesson of our experience
in the great war and in all other
wars? First, the writer holds, we must
organize the country's material re-
sources-with view to national de-
fense. This involves both moral and
material preparation. Then we must
have a system for training our man
power. The volunteer principle has
ceased to be applicable in modern wars,
in which nations fight, not armies.
Service must rest absolutely on equal
ity of obligation.
General Wood favors "some system Of
training which will bear equally upon all
who are ft-a period of intensive train
ing not to exceed six months-and COM
bine it with a certain amount of citizen
ship instruction and industrial training.
All who come to the camps must be
taught to speak English and to read and
write, if they are unable to do So"
The General would model universal
service here on the Australian and
Swiss systems, both of which have been
found entirely workable in advanced
democracies.
General Woods book shows the grasp
Of an administrator as well as the
breadth of knowledge of military stu
dent, He has trained thousands of men
and converted hundreds of thousands to
his ideas. He Is admittedly the country's
foremost soldier, so far as the con-
structive side Of military policy Is con-
cerned. What satisfaction it would be
to the country to know that the work
ing out of the army's problems under
the next Administration was going to be
intrusted to SO ideal a Secretary of Warl
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

IoTenIanoi new YORK.
A 7 THE request Of Paderewski,
~ President Wilson appointed a
commission to investigate condi-
tions in Poland The counsel of this
lately captain in the United States Army,
and his report, or rather presentation
of the policy of the Polish government
and attitude toward resident minority
races, is given in full in Poland and
the Minority Races (Brentano), at the
close of which is brief but satisfactory
history of Poland and the Polish Jews.
The intricacies and perplexities of the
home Polish problem are clearly set
forth in this boo To us the key to
the whole question lies in the defining
of patriotism in Poland. There has
been altogether too much blue-blooded
Brahminism among the Poles, stiff
necked idolatry of self and cruel dis
regard for and oppression of other peo-
pies. We here introduce Jew from the
pages of Captain Goodhart's book. He
speaks as follows: "Unless you can
understand Jewish nationalism you can
not understand the whole position Of the
Jews in Poland. By nationalism we
mean the free development of our racial
culture and ideals. Of course, all our
talk about race here in Central Europe
is incomprehensible to the average
American. In the United States you
have country which has no dominant
race. Although the Anglo-Saxons are
in the majority, no one in his right
senses would say that it was necessary
to be an Anglo-Saxon to be a good
American In Poland, on the other hand,
citizenship is almost invariably confused
with race. The slogan Poland for the
Poles would be analogous to slogan
Of America for the AngloSaxons.' 'Po-
land for the Poles excludes the Lithua-
mans, the Jews and the Ukrainians who
live within the borders of Poland"
The speaker then sums up the items
of the Polish problem, and propounds
the solution in the following sentence :;
Before peace can be established IN this
country, the Poles must realize that real
citizenship does NIT depend on race or
religion" ws Of the United States
learned that lesson many years ago.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
Russia in Ruin, but Absolves the Bolsheviki

the by NO means firmly established
government In Moscow" And many
observers Of the Russian situation will
be inclined to dissent from Wels's
contention that Bolshcvism per 40 had
little to do with the present economic
disorganization of Russia.
Wells at His Best
But whstever instances Of haste and
superficiality may be found in the
book, 1t Is an extremely valuable ad-
dition to our literature of information
about revolutionary Russia. And in
the sketches of those aspects of Rus.
sian life which fell under his observa-
tion we find the distinguishing quail
ties Of Wells at his best: common
sense relieved by frequent touches of
humor; keen observation tempered and
mellowed by warm human sympathy.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
Perograd a Dead CITY
Famous Author Proves a Good Reporter of
Conditions Under, Soviet Rule

N THE SHADOWS ny III. q,
sCsssl,As iPuplishea by George II. poran
ssmpsnS
e ' 'YHATEvER else may be said of
" ,,, H. 6. Wells = he -. is ,s' saee.,- ,..
:. vpcrters. Many other writer's
- -. attempted to portray the tragic
...,l.tion of the great cities of Soviet
1n,.;a But Wells surpasses them all
Ne vigor of his descriptions, in the
s,;s concrete reality of his images.
r,,t lifelike picture Of suffering
p,-ograd is cOnjured up in the follow
nc sentences:
A Dying City
aThsre are perhaps half dozen shops
In ossn in Petersburg. Theirs is 3,
.,rsrnment croekery shop, where 1
s,uyht plate or so as a souvenir, for
IA ar 500 rubies each, and there are g
t.u flower shops. 1t is a wonderful
.,es think, that in this city, in which
rost Of the shrinking population is al
-.sdy nearly starving, and hardly any
sns possesses a second suit of clothes
.r more than single change of worn
.ud patched linen, flowers can be and
,r. still bought and sold. For 5000
nbles, which is about Six shilIings
.ightpence at the current rate of cx-
change, ore can get q very pleasing
lunch Of big chrysanthemums.
81 do not know If the words all the
shops have ceased convey any picture
70 the Western reader of what street
looks like in Russia. 1t is not like Bond
Street or Piccsdilly on q Sunday, with
tn. blinds neatly drawn down in &
decorous sleep and ready to wake UP
and begin again OF Monday. The shops
nave an utterly wretched and aban-
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

THE FRONTIER OF CONTROL. BY
Carter l. Goodrich. Published by Har-
court, Brace & Howe.
wv T ORKERS' control of industry
w may be considered desirable
or undesirable ideal, according
to ones individual economic bias. The
phrase is often flung back and forth
in debate. But its practical impIica-
tions are rarely worked out. Conse-
quently there is distinct value in Mr.
Goodrich's cool, dispassionate, scien-
tifc analysis of the quality and degree
of industrial control which British
workers have succeeded in wrestling
from their employers.
The author does not discuss such
subjects as wages, hours and the es-
tablishment of decent working condi-
tions. In a strongly unionized coun,
try like England very few employers
ere able to play the role of absolute
dictator. It is taken for granted that
the union must be consulted about
wages, hours and healthful conditions
Of employment. The success with which
British labor has been organized in
trade unions is indicated by the fol-
lowing observation;
"The employers right and practice
of keeping union members out and en-
ploying only non-unionists has practi-
cally gone by the board in Great Brit
ein, if not in America. The issue now,
where there is an issue, is whether the
employer shall be allowed 60 employ
any but unionists."
Mr. Goodrich takes up the large NUN
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
DR.. van Dykes Autographed Edition

The special autographed edition OF
he Story Of the Other Wise Man, which
the Harpers recently put out, repre-
sent many hours Of hard work by
DR.. van Dykes Autographed Edition
The Story of the Other Wise Man, which
DR.. van Dyke at his camp in Maine
autograph the $50 copies. This edition
of the famous story is printed on toned
pepper, with illustrations in color by j.
R. Flanagan.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
BOOKS BOUGHT

THoMs & ERoN, INC, A CORPORATION
dealing in old and rare books, auto
graphs, etc.. are the largest buyers and
distributors of old books in this country.
We are in the market to buy for spot
cash books in large or small quantities
and entire private libraries. We especially
want limited sets, de luxe editions and
late encyclopedias. Autographs also
bought. Free packing and removal The
advantages accrued 20 the seller of books
in dealing with q large concern are ob.
vious. THOMS g. ERON. INC. 81 Barclay
St.. New York. Tel. 8062 CortIandt.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
Hardships of IntellectuaIs


amid the general wreckage of Rus
sian life the lot of the intellectn 81
class has been peculiarly hard. Artists
writer's, scientists, men whose delicate
and specialized work takes them ont
of the rough and tumble of everyday
life, are inevitably peculiarly belnless
in the face of a social catastronbe
Moreover the Soviet authorities. in the
early days of the revolution, were in
clined to be contemptuouslv indif-
ferent or hostile to what lthey called
bourgeois culture" This attitude has
now somewhat changed. Maxim Gorkv
has been made, in Wells's phrase, "a
semi-oficial salvage man" for the in
tellectual life Of Russia. The physical
needs of artists and scientists are now
to some extent cared for; but Wells
found them deeply depressed by their
lack of contact with the thought Of
the rest of the world. He conceived
the idea of helping them by sending
them the books and magazines Of which
they are so urgently in need.
One of the most heroic and pathetic
things that Wells found in Russia is
Che amount Of intellectual work that
is still being done, despite every OBJ
stacle and hardship. Deprived of SCI
entifc literature, instruments and
paper, working in unheated laborato-
ries, the Russian scientists go on dis
covering and creating. PavlofT Is car
rying out new studies into the men
tality of animals; Manuchuin claims to
have discovered an effective cure for
tuberculosis. GIazounov is still COM
posing, although his supply of music
paper is running dangerously low,
Two weeks is rather short period
in which TO analyze great revolution;
and Wells's work has its limitations.
1t contains practically nothing about
the functioning Of the Soviet system
in the country districts; and there is
little about the present organization
of the Russian factories. Moreover,
the author occasionally falls into
curious inconsistencies. On page 83
he declares that the Bolshevik govern
menS Is "as securely established as any
government In Europe" while on page
100 he employs the expression: "If
we help Baron Wrangel to pull down
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

Bogno. SEARCHED F0R AND FOUND.
II you want, some particular book very
badly, for which you have searched and
searched in vain let Us hnd it for you.
10 charges of any kind for our services.
II. y. Nichols Inc, Booksellers, Ths
English Bookahops, 333 Fifeh Avenue and
II East 33rd Street, New York City. (Es-
tabljshed 1850
c. E. sTECEERT & CO., ISL W. 2sth St.
Agents Tor Universities, Colleges Public
L!nrariea stock Of over 200 coo volumes
periodicals ana books. new, second hand
foreign. domestic. Libraries bought.
NEW BARGAIN CATALoG READY. sens
on request Charles w. Clark Co, f2a
West 23d St. n. Y
BOOKS AND AUTOGRAPHS - EARL
Printed books. First Editions Standn Il
Authors. Cataiogue free r. Atkfn1on. Isg
Peckham. Rye london. Eng.
OUT OF PRINT BOOKS FURNISHED.
Catalogues issued. E, R. Robinson, 4ie
River St. Troy. NJ. z
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

OXFORD BOOK SHOP. Good books First
editions. Desirable Whitman items Sign
of The Sparrow. AZ Lexington Ave.
ALDUS BOOK co. BOOKS BOUGHT
and sold. First editions, rare and curious
books. Choice sets and fine bindings
"a Shop You viii Like TO Visit" So
Lexington Ave, N. Y. City.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06

Study of the Poles and Po-
land at Close Range

POLAND AND THE MINORITY RACES.
By Arthur L. Goodhart. Published by
Rrentano. Now York.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
British Labor
It's Achievements in Con
trolling Industry Studied

THr FRONTIER OF CONTROL. BY
Carter L. Goodrich. Published by Har-
court, Brace e. Howe.
New-York tribune., 1921-02-06
Puritanisrr1
The uritan as a Factor
in History

THE INFLUENCE OF PURrTAN1sM. r,
John stephen Flynn. L. P. Dutton 6
Co., New York.
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10

2:2O o'clock trolley from Berlin street.
 The postponed meeting of the Mems Lyceum will be held tomorrow evening at the kensington Metho- dist church. \ large attendance is expected, as this is the last debate of the season.
 The weekly prayer meeting con- ducted by the Epworth League, will be held at the Kensington Methodist church this evening. Miss Ruth Han- ford will lead the discussion. The weekly Y. NJ. T. A. E.. whist will be held in the T. A. Be hall in Kensington Wednesday evening.
 The mems class of the Berlin Con- gregational church will attend in a body the play. "The Pill Bottle,' to be presented at that church tomor- row evening by the Inanda club of Kensinston.
 The Forty Hours devotion came to a close at the ' o'clock mass at St. PauFs church this morning. Mrs. F.. Birmingham Schurr is still confined to the Hartford hosptal. She is reported as improving slowly. The state highway departments road gang has been busy the past few days tarring sections of the high way running through Berlin. Five marriage licenses and five death certificates were filed at the office of Town Clerk Arthur Wood ruff during the month of April. Regular meeting of the Knights of Pythias society at their hall this eve ming.
 Mrs. James Holigan has been visit ing her mother Mrs. Correll of Mid dletown. Rev. D. B. Hubbard has been the guest of his son Albert Hubbard of Higganum. The Hubbard school will hold their entertainment and social at Athletic hall Friday evening
 Miss Georgia Kelsey is visiting rela- tives in New Britain.
 A very pleasant time was enjoyed by those who attended the apron social given by the Epworth League at the Methodist church parlors last evening and a neat sum realized.
 Regular weekly prayer meeting at the Methodist Episcopal church will be held "Wednesday evening this week instead of Friday evening as the school entertainment is scheduled for Friday evening.
 On and after May 3. will deliver milk in kensington. Your patronage solicited. C. Fred Johnson. 5-7-6dx
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10
tention.
ID. A. R. Open Meeting.


 The Emma Hart Willard chapter, D. A. R., will hold an open meeting in the community house on Worth ington Ridge. Friday afternoon. Pres ident General Mrs. George Maynard Minor of New London. and State Vice Regent Mrs. Bissell will attend. Mrs. Minor will give an address on in- ternational relations. There will be a brief business meeting at 2 o'clock. All people interested are welcome to attend this meeting and the mem bers of tho New Britain D. A. R. are especially urged to attend.
 Accident On Turnpike.
 X slight accident occurred on Der lin street this morning at the term inal of tho trolley line about 7:1o o'clock. An automobile coming from Meriden was on the extreme right of the road when the driver saw a truck and another touring car coming in the opposite diTection-
 The truck was in tho center of the road, according to passersby. and in attempting to pass 1t tho oncoming touring car forced the driver of the Meriden car to go up onto the curb. The Meriden driver ran into a tele- phone pole. causing slight damage.
 Many tcaNtn@ NeW DTfIuhu.
 That tho Polish people of New Brit ain are leaving that city in large num- bers for the old country was proven this morning when baggage which nIIed more than an ordinary baggage car was received at the local depot from the Hardware City It was all destined for Poland.
 Begin Operations.
 Work has begun. at tho RichaJd Murray Brick company plant on draining the ponds on Farminston road preparatory to the beginning of the regular brick season. In the early part Of the year it was at first thought that the yard would not operate this year inasmuch as there was con- siderable amount of brick in the shed
 Will Attend Convention.
 First Selectman George B. Carter has signifed his intention of at tending the meeting of the Select men'r association, to be held in Hartford. Thursday afternoon. It is also probable that Messrs. Schroeder and Ryan will attend.
 Berlin Items.
 The Women's Aid society of the Berlin Congregational church will meet with Mrs. F. S. Shaw of Black Rock avenue. tomorrow afternoon. The local people will leave on the
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10

public. They were we'll received. Miss Grannis has written several poems in addition to her musical compositions
 Forestville News.
 Confirmation instruction was givet. at St. Johns chapel last evening"
 On Thursday evening, Right Rev. F.. C. Acheson. D. D., will visit the St. Johns church and administer the rites of confirmation to a class.
 There will be a meeting of the Luther league of the Asbury Meth odist church this evening. An enter tainment will be furnished by several young women of the society. The public is invited to attend.
 PlainvilIe Briefs.
 George c. Woodford has returned from Mt. Doro. Florida, where he has been spending the winter months.
 There will be a high mass at s o'clock Sunday morning at the Church of Our Lady of Mercy. First holy communion will be administered.
 Simond Mcdonald of East Main street, umpire for the Eastern league, umpired the first game of the season at Albany yesterday.
 George Nelson has resumed his du- IleS dt bAlHSton Drug store aIteT having been ill for the past three weeks.
 James Usher of Newark, N. J.. is visiting at the home of his people.
 Mrs l.. B. Warren is recuperatine g from her illness of several months.
 The entire plant, with the eXcep- ton of small department of the Ses- sions Clock company at Forestville, has closed down. It is expected to re- sume operations again on the 17th o1 this mcnth.
 Mir and Mrs. William Blakeslee and daughter, Althea. and Mrs. Ella Blakeslee of Terryville, spent the weekend visiting Mrs. Jackson Nc Kee of Park street.
 NOTICE-Auto trucking. local and long dis tance Prices reasonable. Tel. 74-4. J. R Merriman, PlaineiIe Conn. 5-2-l2dx
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10

Teachers association will hol ing and entertainment at -t
 tomorrow evening. Preced meeting the teachers will Il parents of the children and program there will be dand
 The evenings program readings by Miss Hazel Rij selections hy Harold Sjoland selections by Mrs. NJ. T. Crd talk on Greenland by Captail who was in tie Arctic reg| Admiral Peary.
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10
Ormation of New Party Is Now a Possibility
IAS MEMBERSHIP OF i5O
Emn,a Hart Willard Chapter Will
 Meet Friday Aftcrnoon-Slight Ac- lent on Berlin Turnpikc-Bcriin Items of Interest.

Tho formation of new local po- |tical party is forcaAtcd in tho actir- |ioA of a semi-soclal. scmi-political fganization which is rapidly increas- x in membership and in power and |hich. at stated intervals. meets in local hall. The membership of the beiety Is open to both males and fe- |alos and consists mainly Of the burger element. The plans of tho kganizatIon are being kept in strict [crecy. Already i5o arc said to have hrolIed, but it Is tho desire of tho kxanlzera to have at least 200 on bn rools before any public announce lent of plans is made.
 lrhe club wtn require of any political Epirant whom it agrees to support. is said, n pledge that efforts will made 10 bring a more elaborate bciai program than has been in ef- tct in tho past. fostored by tho town. Tn some quarters. the club is look D upon as a disgruntlod group of kmAE who. having had their desires
 ed at the polls arc banding to- |rther for the replacement of tho te@ont administration by a group Of holr friends at tho coming election |ublicly. those not members of the Iub arc inclined to view it's forma- |on lightly. although privately it Is |hown that the organization. Is at cting far more than passing at-
New Britain herald., 1921-05-10

The Ladies Talmud ToraI will hold an important meeu nesday evening at Talmud Tj