davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02
Building or Breadlines?

A certain amount Of amiable OPP
timism makes life pleasant at times,
but it does not, of itself, sustain
life. Just now a little wholesome
and frank pessimism is in order.
Two hard facts are staring us in
the face: the unemployed now NUM-
Der fully 100000 men and winter is
coming on.
1t is all very commendable and
very agreeable, up to a certain
point land also very easy) to rely
on favorable turn which will ease
the hard circumstances of creature
existence, but times come when 1t
is well to realize that few good
things just happen or are vouch-
safed to humanity by a beneficient
providence. The thoughtful are in
agreement now, that work must be
found for the idle or we are in for
a winter of deprivation and suffer-
ing.
Fortunately. by taking thought
and acting promptly, work can be
provided for those now idle and the
many others who may be released
from industry with the coming OF
the cold season. Public works offer
the way out.
AS everybody knows, many con-
struction projects have been post
poned from year to year for just
seven years. Much public Improve
ment work, long held up, should
now move rapidly forward. A very
great deal Of this work can be done
during the winter season. The di-
recting minds in the construction
industry long ago learned how to
cope successfully with cold weather.
This is not only a way out of a
bad situation, but IN the opinion of
many 1t is the only way out. The
choice rests between action and in
action, between building or bread
lines, between public works or pub
lie charity. Only a flabby and I'M
justifiable optimism will prevent
public officials from making the
proper choice. Now is the time for
some robust and rational realism; If
we don't take. control of the situa-
ton in the only way available, the
coming winter will be one of suffer-
ing for the millions Of unemployed
and their dependents, the women
and the children, the aged and the
infirrn.
While It is unpleasant to direct
thought to what viii surely hap
pen if we go on waiting for prov
idential. or congressional relief, it
is pleasant indeed to point out that
If public works projects be driven
forward now, useful work will be
provided for those released from
industry and great sums of money
will be placed in general circulation,
to the immediate and substantial
benefit Of all lines Of business.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02
Disarmament the. Sole Issue
Says Dean.
BY Rev. Frederick siedenbers.

BY Rev. Frederick Siedenberg.
Dean of Loyola School Of Sociology,
Chicago.
America should and must start
erecting the biggest navy in the world
Immediately, should Japan or England
refuse the opportunity Of disarmament
at the conference soon to be held in
Washington.
II this action is not taken, a flu
ture entente composed Of Japan. Rus
STA and Germany viii surely provoke
another world war, and the last state
would be worse than the first
But disarmament Is the only SOLE
ton Of the aftermath of the recent
struggle, and If the yoke of armament
is not taken from the backs Of the
nation then our American doughboys
have died in vain.
A Step Forward.
President Harding's invitation to
the disarmament conference is a step
forward IN the right direction, though
it is to be regretted that the session IS
not to be limited to the United States.
Japan and Great Britain.
Ny reason for saying this is be-
cause the larger gathering at the
conference threatens to invest the big
solution with many minor issues suen
as the zap controversy and the oil
fields of Mesopotamia.
II is much easier Tor three to come
to an agreement on q single matter
than for a score to compromise on
many matters.
And because of this do not look
to see much success OF undertaking
come forth from the conference 1t al.
unless the discussions are limited sole
" to the question Of disarmament and
not ramified on irrelevant matters.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02
z Christ la America.

: EXECUTIVE secretary Commission on
the Church and Social Service Of
the Federal Council Of Churches
Of Christ in Amerioa.
An employer in m eastern city said
| to me nearly d year ago when the
present Industrial depression was just
setting in. and experienced Industrial
+ lists knew what was coming:
Il am Inundated that have allowed
/ the prosperous years OF the war 10
pass without provision for the depres-
sion which I might have known to be
inevitable I could have set aside funds
to meet unemployment as reserves are
created for losses TO capital AS il Is,
my employees win suffer and shall not
be able to carry them through"
Within a year or two the wheels OF
industry win be running again at nor
NAL speed, and employers win be look
ing for men. Everybody VIII be abb
sorbed in an expanding industry and
once again the tendency viii be to for
get until the wheels slow up again and
the workers begin TO suffer.
Then, in good American fashion. W.
shall bungle through a critical situa-
lion, unprepared and using measures
that have been hastily elaborated.
Now Is the time to think through
the problem Of unemployment and TO
devise permanent methods Of relief
Ny Philadelphia friend had a good
idea: A reserve or sinking fund
against unemployment, as a regular
part of the financing OF a corporation.
British experience is that a tax u
one per cent on the payroll Of an
X. ~ sfsAas
A sinking fund for this purpose viii
not only relieve anxiety and suffering,
but it win hold the working force to-
gether and reduce turnover, which is
good business; and il win enable the
unemployed to continue to buy, which
win stimulate production and tend TO
abate the depression.
The same is to be said Of unemploy-
ment insurance, which, IN spite Of its
dangers, IS being extended and inn
proved in Great Britain. Unemploy-
ment Insurance. old age pensions, IN.
surance against sickness and accident
are surely coming to mitigate the lot
OF the uorkingmen. II they themselves
contribute SO that the funds become
in part savings, the effect wiz not be
to cut the nerve Of effort.
This IS the time. also, 10 set Up a
permanent system Of employment ez-
changes under federal supervision, Il
not wholly under federal management.
It is time to set out to change sea-
sonal trades ike the building trades,
and seasonal industries like coal and
garment making into an-year trades or
Industries.
Is it not also a time to delve deep
into the causes Of and remedies for
depression2 What are their
financial causes2 Their strictly I'M
dustriaI causes2 How can these oncs
understood, be corrected?
Is not one cause that the workers
are not as yet receiving their just
share OF production, and that. there
fore. not being able to buy az they
.hould. goods pile up and depression
sets I'M
should not one great objective for
employers as vel as employees be e
ift The economic status Of All workers1
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02
Scientist Protests Against
War Gas
BY EDWARD T. THORPE
President the British Association for
the Advancement of Science.

the Advancement of Science.
Warfare, 1t would seem, has now
definitely entered upon a new phase.
The horrors which the Hague conven-
ton saw were imminent, and from
which they strove to protect humanity,
are now, apparently by the example
and initiative of Germany, to become
part of the established procedure Of
war.
Civilization protests against a step
so retrograde. Surely comfy among
nations should be adequate to arrest it.
If the league of nations is vested
with any real power it should be pos
sible for it to devise the means, and to
insure their successful application. The
failure of the Hague convention is not
Sufficient reason for despair. The NOR
al sense of the civilized world is not
so duIIed but that, reused. 1t can make
its influence prevail.
The Defense.
Steps should be taken without delay
to make that influence supreme, and
all the more so that there are agencies
at work which would seek to perpetu-
ate such methods as a recognized pro-
cedure Of war
The case for what is called chemical
warfare has not wanted for advo-
Gates. It is argued that poison gas is
far less fatal and far less cruel than
any other instrument Of war. 1t has
been stated that:
Among the mustard gas casualties
the deaths were less than 2 per cent
and when death did not ensue complete
AL.
Other materials Of chemical warfare
in use at the armistice do not kill at
ALL They produce / casualties which,
after six weeks in hospital are dis
charged practically without permanent
hurt"
Preventive Medicine.
1t has been argued that as method
of conducting war. poison gas is more
humane than preventive medicine
Preventive medicine has increased the
unit dimension of an army, free from
epidemic and communicable disease,
from 100000 to a million.
preventive medicine has made It
possible to maintain 20.000,oo0 men
under arms and abnormally free froni|
disease, and so provided greater scope
for the killing activities of the other
weapons.
While the surplse effects Of chemical
warfare aroused anger as being con-
trary to military tradition, they were
minute compared with those of pre-
medicine. The former slew its
while the latter slew its
millions mad is still reaping the har-
vest"
a New Weapon.
This argument carries no conviction.
Poison gas is not merely contrary to
European military tradition; it is re-
pugnant to the right feeling OF civil
lied humanity. It in no wise displaces
or suppIants existing instruments Of
war, but creates new kind Of wea |
pom, of 1imitless power and deadliness. /
Mustard gas" may be a compare |
lively innocuous product as lethal
go. It certainly was not in !
tended to be such by our enemies.
Nor, presumable, were the allies any I
more considerable when they retallated /
with It. It's effects, indeed. were suffi- I
,iently terrible to destroy the German /
morale. The knowledge that the allies /
were preparing to employ It to an al
most boundless extent was one Of the
factors that determined our enemies
% sue for the armistice.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

Bond issues in large amounts for
road building purposes, and to aid
in relieving unemployment. are being
urged in different sections of the
country.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

Nearly 100000 persons lost their
lives in the Messina earthquake in
1908. although It lasted only s5 sec
onds.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

The largest known egg is that of the
elephant bird Of Madagascar, its con-
tents being about two gallons.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

The coast and geodetic survey is the
first scientific bureau organized by the
JnIteG1 states.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

Garbage collections have fallen OFF
showing housewives are less wasteful.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02
How Nations Can Abate
Unemployment Evils

Executive Secretary, Commission on
the Church and Social Service Of
the Federal Council Of Churches
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

Tho only time some dancers are light
on their feet Is when they sit down~
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

A New York man hit his wife with a
chair and she turned the tables on
him.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-10-02

The peanut crop IS bad. and we viii
have to shell out more for them
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
SWEET CLOVER rs
SUBJECT OF FIELD
MEET YESTERDAY
Especial to The August

Aledo. Aug. 1O.-Sweet clover
was the subject of study at field
meeting held yesterday afternoon
at the c. w. Bridgford farm near
Millersburg. The use of sweet
clover as, forage, hay and green
manuring crop was discussed. Be
sides Mr.. Bridgford's talk several
men at the meeting told of their
experience in growing the pro-
duct.
In speaking of his success Mr..
Bridgford said: Il would consider
any attempt to grow sweet clover
without limestone as being futile
will lime every acre upon which
1 expect to grow that product. l
use it extensively as a pasture crop
for dairy cows and as a green
msnuring crop for increasing fer
tility."
|. After the study of the field was
completed the crowd went to the
Nelson Stead farm west of Millers-
burg where an inspection of the
orchard was made. This orchard
was used last year as a demonstra-
ton orchard but the work of prun-
ing and spraying this year was
done entirely by Mr.. Stead. While
the quantity of fruit is not large,
the quality is much better than in
other orchards which did not re-
ceive the proper treatment. Ore
noticeable feature about the orcI-
ard is that the fruit has develop
ed on the tree. whereas on unspray-
ed. orchards much of the crop fails
Off before maturing.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
PUSHING WORK
ON HARD ROAD
NEAR GENESEO
Dunnegan Construction COMPANY
Has Improvement Well Under
Way in Henry County.
Especial Correspondence

Geneseo, Ill, Aug. 10.-The DIM
negan Construction company of
Shenandoah, Iowa, is pushing the
work on the hard road west NJ
town. Several carloads of SIM
plies from Morrison, H., have ar
rived. The mixing house for the
concrete is east of the Sutton Seed
Corn factory and along the Rock
Island railroad sheds are being
built to store materials and sun
plies.
The equipment of the company
includes three gasoline engines
which will pull the cars of cement
from the mixing house to the road
west of town. on the narrow guase
railroad which is being built. The
company has secured workers from
Geneseo and vicinity. The railroad
track will be laid from east of the
seed corn factory south to Main
street and then west to the road
The company is planning to build
the road west of town one mile and
then start work on the road east
of town. The four miles east AMI
four miles west of Genaseo is ex-
pected to be paved in about four
months.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
ALedo and Mercer County
SEATON SCENE OF
BIG CELEBRATION
FOR TOMORROW
fSpecial to- The Argus.l

Aledo, Aug. 10.-Tomorrow is
Seaton's big day. Citizens of that
village have arranged for cele-
bration which will include a COM
bination sale in the morning and
a baseball game in the afternoon,
topped off with a dance in the eve
ming.
The sale, which is under the su-
pervision of the village officials,
will start at 1870 o'clock. One Of
the articles to be sold is the city
chemical fire engine. Colonel Deck
er will act as auctioneer. Follow
ing the sale the Seaton and Joy
baseball mines will cross bats on
the new. Seaton diamond A great
deal of interest is being taken in
this game as it makes the third
played between these two teams
this season. The outcome of the
two games played was a victory
for each nine. On July 4 Seaton
won from Joy On July IA Joy
won a match with Seaton with a
score of TO 2.
The dance in the evening will be
held in the Amy pavilion. Evans
Jazz band of Rock Island will furn-
sh the music. Plenty of eating
houses are located in Seaton, SO
hat the crowd will be adequately
Jared for.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
COLLECT FUNDS
FOR ROAD WORK
Muscafine Merchants and Illinois
City Farmers Are Giving To-
ward Improvement.

Illinois City, ILL.,, Aug. 10.-Collec-
ton of the $4,000 promised by mem
bers of the Trade Extension bureau
of Muscatine for the grading OF the
Illinois City road and the road
under the bluff from the end of the
toll road in Illinois, was started in
Muscatine. Work on this II milo
project is progressing rapidly.
Illinois farmers and the Trade
Extension bureau have secured two
machines for the moving O. dirt and
by using these implements have
pushed he work ahead consider
ably. They will be purchased from
the COMMITTEES by Illinois farmers
when the work is completed.
The Muscatine Journal N describ-
ing the stretch of road being i'm
proved, says;
The two roads include the Illinois
road and the road under the bluff to
City road from the end of the toll
the Mercer county line.
20 sand hills on the Illinois City
roads are being leveled and the hol-
lows between them filled. The sand
will be surfaced with clay or gravel
when the grading is completed
On the road under the bluff sew
eral hills have been graded down
and the road has been changed in
other sections to avoid bad hills and
10 shorten curves.
When the grading project is COM
pleted the committee will secure a
road surfacing machine to shape up
the road. This will be drawn over
the newly graded roads by tractor.
Later in the season members of
the Trade Extension committee will
make a booster trip to Aledo and
will see how the money subscribed
by the Muscatine business men has
been spent. The trip to Aledo will
be made over one new road and the
return trip over the other.
The total sum to be expended on
he project approximate $4,000,
about $4,000 of which was sub
scribed by Muscatine business men
and the remainder by the Illinois
arm-rs.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
WARREN COUNTY
INSTITUTE WILL,
BE HELD AUG. %

Monmouth, Ill. Aug. I0.-F. NJ.
Winbigler, county superintendent
of schools, has completed the list
of instructors for the annual War
rem County Teachers institute,
which will be held in this city the
last three days of August and the
first two days of September.
John Lugg Of this city has been
secured to give three addresses at
the session on subjects of general
interest to the teachers. Mr.. Lugg
has not been assigned to any spe-
cial department but will speak to
the teachers in general assembly.
Prof. L. E. Robinson of Mon
mouth college will lead the study
relating to European geography and
will discuss the changes in the map
of Europe caused by the recent
war. Mr.. Robinson will also speak
on the general political conditions
of the countries involved in the
war and also the condition of va
rious countries disturbed by the
conflict.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
MANY CHILDREN
AT PICNIC HELD .
AT SUGAR GROVE
Especial to The Argus.)

Aledo, Aug. 10.-Hundreds of
children attended the Sunday
school picnic held yesterday in the
Carter timber at Sugar Grove,
north of Aledo. The children gath
cred in Central park between nine
and ten o'clock in the morning,
where cars waited to take them to
the picnic grounds. John G. Carl
son, chairman of the transporta-
ton committee, saw that plenty of
automobiles were on hand. A feat
ure of the day was the big picnic
dinner served at noon. In the aft
ernoon games and sports of various
kinds. under the supervision of the
sports committee. headed by Coun-
y superintendent of Schools G. E.
Platt, were INDUCED in. Children
rom the Methodist, Baptist. Pres
Dyterian and United Presbyterian
churches enjoyed the event
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
ENTERTAINS AT
PICNIC FOR SON
Especial Correspondence.)

West Sherrard, Ill, Aug. 10
Mr.. and Mrs. Sherman Thuren of
West Sharrard, and son, Dale, and
Mrs. Thuren's parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. John Derrick, and daughter,
Clara, and Mrs. Mae Johnston, of
Rock Island, enjoyed basket din
rer at Long View park Sunday in
honor of Master Dale Thuren's fifth
birthday anniversary, which fell on
Tuesday
The cente-piece of the dinner
spread was large white birthday
cake decorated by five miniature
yellow rose holders containing
candles. Mr.. and Mrs. Thuren en-
tertained several relatives and
few friends at their country home
last night in honor of their little
son.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10

PLAN OF LEGION
Arrangements Being Rounded for
Jubilee to Be Given Aug. Is
in Atkinson.
Especial Observation-Disclosures

Atkinson, Ill, Aug. 1O.-The
American Legion of Atkinson is
planning on a huge program for it's
celebration next Monday, at the ball
park. So far the program includes
baseball game and rolly holly
games, and a dance in the evening
at Everett's hall
The event is being widely adver-
tised through posters and other
publicity matter, so that the turn
out will be one of the biggest ever.
The program is given to raise
money for the legion post. The
ball game will be played between
the c. Y. NJ. C. boys and the Regu-
lars, and a fast match is expected.
The rolly belly fans are planning
to compete for the prizes in this
game. A total of 500 will be Of
fered, the first prize bling $40. the
second $50, third $40 and the
fourth, $40.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
MRS. SMITHIGER
GIVEN SURPRISE
Especial Correspondence

Milan, ILL.,, Aug. 10.-Mrs. W A
Smithiger, living one mile south of
Milan. was pleasantly surprised
Monday evening when "a friends
and relatives came to her home A
birthday supper was served. the
guests bringing baskets with them.
Mrs. Smithiger was presented with
purse of money and many other
gifts The party was planned nv
her sister, Mrs. Wilson. Those
present were Mrs. Anna Peterson
Mr., and Mrs. William Rettir and
son Leonard of Milan; Mr.. and Mrs
W. ;. Peterson, Rock Island: M
and Mrs. Ed Zobrist and sons. Ionis
harry and Robert of South Moline.
Mr.: and Mrs. Fred Smithiger ~
moline; Mr.. and Mrs. w. ]. Wilson
and sons, Warren and Norman. ana
daughter, Mango; Mr.. and Mrs Al
vim Schilling; Miss Agnes ana
Frances Jurgensen of Dayennort
and Mrs. Frank Bloomquist and son
Ralph of Rapids City.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-08-10
RECORDS SHOW
TEACHER HOLDS
JOB AZ YEARS
Increase in School Expenses Found
To Be About $50, 900 More Than
Last Year.
Especial to The Argus.)

Aledo, Aug. 10-Records in the
Office of County superintendent of
Schools of G. e. Plat reveal in
teresting and instructive data. One
of the most interesting facts found
on the records is that Mercer coun-
ty has a woman who has been
teaching for AZ years. This teach
er Miss Sara Grabs, who has had
charge of the primary grades in the
Aledo schools for 20 years. She is
one of the most successful teachers
in the state and her pupils are said
to be much farther advanced after
six months under her training than
in most primary grades in the
state.
OF the 1S6 teachers employed in
Mercer county last year 10 were
men and 1877 women. Following is
the length of time which each had
been teaching: Forty-1ve, one
year; %, two years; IA, three
years; 10, four years; 10, five years;
eight, six years; eight, seven years;
II, eight years; five nine years;
five, 10 years; four, II years; five,
II years; two, IS years; three, IA
years; two, Is years; three, 16
years; three, Is years; one, 10
years; three 20 years; one, 21
years; one % years; one % years
five, % years; one, &c years; one,
81 years. one, AZ years.
The records also show that the
census in 1920 of persons in the
hn of
1923. This years census shows
only 6,947. This is 76 less than in
1920. Children between the ages
of and 81 numbered 1876 in 1920,
and 4,S47 in 1921, being a difference
of only one
A decrease of 204 students is
shown in the attendance of the
grades in the county In 1920 there |
were 1864 pupils, while 1921 had |
but 2,160. In the high schools a |
gain is recorded. The attendance in !
1920 being only 464 while 1921 it |
was 557. In the past year there |
were 81 boys and So girls gradual |
ed from high schools of Mercer |
county, while in 1920 there were |
% boys and IS girls. Records re-
NCo4 thdl LICIG 10 div dyS SlTlS /
finish than boys.
School Expenses Increase.
The cost of operating the schools
has increased about $4,000 during
the past year, In 1920 it cost S176.-
26O.41 to run MERGERS schools. Last
year the total expense was $780,
1914. A look at the increase of
teachers salaries will explain much
Of the advance. During 1920 the
average salary for teachers in the
county was 1871. Last year it was
S9S6.16 or an increase of about 35
per cent. Average salaries for
women teachers in 1920 was s69S.52.
IN 1921 it was S920.92. In 1920 the
lverage salary for men instructors
vas S1,024.3S. Last year it was
'1.550.7S, or an increase of about so
Ter cent.