The Washington herald., 1921-10-12
CENTRAL AMERICAN.
REPUBLIC aims TO
END REVOLUTIONS
Guatemala, Honduras and
Salvador Unite in New
Democracy.


Down in Central America the
worlds newest republic is having
Its birth amid the furry and furore
of a regular fireworks election 1t
like ours within a few months. pos
sibly in time to send Official dele
gates to the disarmament confer
ence here, for IL is going to cut
down millions OF dollars expenses
Just like other republics are try
ing to do, and put an end to revolu-
uons. The first three stars in her
flag will stand for Guatemala. Hon.
duras and Salvador
Forms New Democracy.
DR.. Julio Bianchi. Guatemalan
Minister in Washington. has re-
ceived the constitution Oh the new
republic recently adopted by the
provisional government. 1t changes
the name of the nation from The
Federation of Central America" to
The Republic of Central America" !"
1T Is a new democracy in the
family of Americas" said the Min
lister last night. The elections VIII
be held within a few days. and the
% offfcials chosen will take office ir
January. The government Is a copy
In part of the United States and
Switzerland, embodying a voting
system much like Australias. and
with features designed to meet
needs peculiar to Central America
Include. 100000 People.
Il have just read the first copy
OF the constitution to reach the
United States, an intensely interest
yet translated from Spanish into
English 1t will govern 100000
people and 100000 square miles of
wonderful area.
"A study of the constitution
said DIR. Bianchi. shows that II
binds Guatemala, Honduras and
Salvador into a real union, instead
of joining them in a loose fedora
ton The former separate coun-
tries have the status Estates anC
are united similar to the states
OF the great North American re-
public. The executive power OF
the republic is vested in a federal
council. composed of one delegate
elected by the people. The three
delegates composing the council
will elect one of their number
as chairman of the council, the
chairman being president of tbs
republic, to serve One year and
eligible for reelection. -
Two Legislative Bodies.
The constitution provides for
Al. M
three members from each state,
elected by state legislatures. and
a chamber, of dputies composed of
one representative for each 100000
population of the various states,
the deputies being elected for four
years by the people.
The capital of the new repub-
lic," said the minister. will be
the federal district of Tegucigalpa,
represented in the chamber of
deputies by one deputy or more.
"Enactment of legislation viii
require approval by majority
of the chamber of deputies and by
at least two-thirds of the senate.
The executive power will be ex-
ercised by the votes of any two
delegates in the Federal council.
alternates having no votes except
in the absence of q delegate. The
functions of the federal council
will include direction of foreign
relations, appointment of diplo-
matte and consular officers, ap-
pointment of the governor of the
capital and appointment of officers
who shall administer the various
executive departments of the gov
ernment-
Provides for Dfsarming.
In view of the worldwide dis
cussion of disarmament" said DR.
Bianchi, "the provision for con-
troll of the Central American Re
publican military are of special
interest, as these provisions prob
ably will result in disarming Gen.
trail America. The constitution
provides that all of the armies
and military supplies of the sew
eral states shall be under the con-
troll of the federal government OF
the republic
The states will be allowed to
maintain only police forces suffi-
cient to maintain law and order
the size of these forces to be de-
termined by the federal govern
ment No state may purchase
military supplies, this function and
the right to proclaim martial law
in any part OF the republic belong
ing exclusively to the federal gov
ernment It is my opinion that
these provisions will have the ef-
feet of disbanding the armies of
Guatemala, Honduras and Salvador
in a short time
VIII Cut Expenses In Two.
The Importance Of such a step"
said the minister. may be better
understood when IL is known that
the cost of maintaining the small
army of Guatemala last year was
more than half the total expense
Of the government of that one ma
tion.
Zach state will have complete
autonomy and independence for the
MANAGEMENT of its internal affairs
and no state may interfere In the
affairs of a sister state. No two
states may make treaties between
themselves and no state may make
treaties with a foreign government.
Interstate commerce is not to- be
subject to any kind of taxation.
No state legislature may enact laws
relating to religious matters.