Evening star., 1921-09-25
THE NAVY

- ose otIAcAs' recent events indicate
IN the minds OF naval officers ehat
the submarine has taken its place as
definite weapon-one' to be consid-
ered In any plan for national defensa
ihe claim is made that in the les
sons OF war much has been learned
OF undersea ships that now call for
experimental and development rpur.
poses IN the future building of This
.spe OF navy craft. 1t is pointed ou,
.t suat formerly the submarine was de-
hssa nor snort cruises from shore.
pase' but gradually improved in siz
ano ;a seagoing qualities until, as seen
~ tne world war, they now crui.r
LOT Indefinite periods.
oHity OF a submarine to dive nm
and 'n to be 'ne SsnI,rf surface . Of the water
mnhe running submerged has been
ene ieast OF the technical difticuIti.s 4
aiperlenced ~ In all navies the de-
tpmeat terv men of'the electric storage bat
Deen the most serious handics, 10
sueGessIul p, submarine operation. Pr;or
20 tne war undersea vessels had nerer
peen equipped with navigatfnr in.
increasaI o. iheIr efficiency, however,
i'm aS 30 rapidly that the allies
~ their anti-submarine warfars'
sh,n oniiged to utilize thousands Of
smh, IN their attempt 10 drive the
iue from the sea.
Cpon the size of a subn, ,r;,o a.
penos III. length of time it can -,
! medi",a nua ana be self-supporting. our
smeoi1m type of boat can remain =.
Th ior approximately fifteen davs
mar;, ia'est type of American sub
placement, can easily e,cI @ uis
nsure; German submarine cruis.rs
Is ouiit to cross the Atlantic and
fron a'E ,h.y away from their bases for
the fact re 10 nve months. Due to
sns.a aact mat submarines are NOT SELF.
| sustaining. it Is necessary 10 nro,.;s
,Ig facilities for them. such "a
pnt Tor the personnel to live when
or efYec, sea ana to replenish suppliex.
submarines have deyeIoned IN ,,o
nnaes states Navy until there is now
snrt. construction ships of 600 tons
length ihe and nad5spla;ssement: place $40 feet in
twentv.ana ana with-a surface speed Of
nave exceeded this size. The carne.
inc nsving had in commission dur
.he latter part of the war snh-
Our Ns,., OF ZOO tons displacement +.
,aeking IA ek,I in recently deveioped Vusty .mh,
.na5Ines. We have no mjne-,,,,;n,-
eYcan. cFaIt. nor fleet submar arines
sf.,pt; .nree v-boats now under con-
,arge- -caliber guns such az ths R WIN
cisss. and what our ofic;aIs Iii
most Important is our lanL ~ & .dii
o,'r , uone radius cruiser. whereas viii
thres - .ht roast lines to defend at least
! ee OF the latter tyne vessels shoni,,
oe constructed SO that in e,,e,,
a.iohai naio emergency We will he IN
~ ,tio 10 continue the construcfion
'iiose necessary type of vessel
Advocate Afrrhfp Program
d recent meeting OF the execu.
eohm:ttee Of the national advis.
orS committee for aeronauttcs a lat
Ser was Prepared and forwarded 70
| policy hDsnoy outlining an airship
| maa,;S "hlch was adopted at the
! meeting. Rigid airships. the can,,.i, e
! raI s.ste, nave been primarily dsv
s,stI ,opeo IN Germany as result OF ner.
5amn 5. eHorts which could mot be
the recent destruction of the En.to 10
nunt ,, Zh-2 and the practical annIica
! .ion OF such airships to useful nrr
! besr besne OF war and, of peace. which has
"eTn exemplifled by the Germans
| me latter stated that an offici.l .,
| VsstigatIon is being made in En.xF
1a y. sne 1R-2 disaster, which NAV de-
aais se,n,ne the proximate cause Of tbe
sertain ' Use user. the conclusion being
mary cause Of the accident. the p.s mss
OF hydrogen was a contributing c.use
70 the great loss Of life. Attentinr
was called to the fact that Americs
heiium h wbich tne C only large store Of
ene use or which airships can be mors
successfully developed by Amarice
than py any other country for cor,A
MEgrclai Mnh as well as military purposes.
mat the present program of tba
| Cniteo states in regard to the con
sTuction Of rigid airships can he r.-
saroea t;s. only as extremely conserva-
49, oelng contrary to the true
f, servatfve program because of on
serious accident, when II is noss;bia
oy studying the cause Of the accf,
Wars 10 10 pront by any mistakes that
| :. 1t was the opinion of the commit
zee tnat the development Of rigid air
| ships should be continued in fh;.
country; that sufficient funds should
pe ts oeSoted to experimental work for
| regarding the strength ouaIitie. NJ
materials and 9irders used in the coma
struction of airships, and that the
present tses, program for the production Of
newed vigor. Further recommends
tion was made that the government
OF the United States should secure a
recent type of German rigid airship.
preIeraoly directly from Germany. to !,
fll the vacancy in the program caused
by the loss OF the ZR-2.
Recruiting Resumed.
A resumption of recruiting was the
outstanding feature the past week in
! the bureau of navigation. Instruc-
tons authorize first enlistments and
! re-enlistments in the ratings Of ap-
prentice seaman, coppersmith, engine
man. fireman. hospital apprentice,
musician and seaman. Recruits will
not be accepted as apprentice sea-
men for a particular course in a trade
| school. The physical requirements
! were raised to those previously fixed
| for the fireman ratings in coal-burn-
ing ships. All enlistments and re-
enltstments are being made for four
years. A minimum age limit has been
| fixed at eighteen years, and every ap-
plicant must conform in all respects
to the physical and medical require
| ments. A quota of 300 first-enlist-
ment men week is assigned to the
is consistent with the long period
in which recruiting has been sus-
pended and during which waiting lists
have been kept at the recruiting sta
! tfons. At present there are 10000
men in the Navy. which figure is
subject to revision by a census which
has been ordered as Of September 80.
The recruiting quota, fixed at abouY
1900 a month, should meet the outgo,
and keep the number Of electives
available for sea duty at around
| 100, 900.
II MARINE CORDS