Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1921-02-05
SAYS EUROPE WILL
. STILL CHANGE MAP
Sneaker at Ledger Forum Looks
for Further Trouble, but
Less Bloodshed
AMERICAN JEWS POWER

-, he any means, settled permanently
,bc oninion Of DR.. Manlcy o. Hnd-
" ,rcmbcr Of the American COM
.;,;co son, on now states and the protection
" ,niroritics nt the peace conference.
" VI. ItnLson was the speaker last night
~ a.. regular weekly meeting Ot the
az ..nttc LEDGER forum on the confer
oncc, held in the foyer Of the Academy
Of Music. :, 49,. = s,,,,ou ,,rr;,,riol
changes came in a discussion OF the
nroyisions to permit minority peoples
'raodiusted states to conduct schools
~ Ih"ir own tongues. The question
~ ,ros asked whether this would not tend
n' brccd centers Of scccssionist move
nents. -, ,.......,, ru
,t,dson ''it undoubtedly will. ! do
not believe that the last word has been
so;d In drawing the map OF Europe.
pnt do not believe that the remaking
- ,be man is going to cause the. same
blood spiIling that we have had In the
past. -. a., ..o,,,, y Oh,
rrincipal of the protection of minorities
n new states in the League Of Nations
pact was given by the speaker to Tres,
IAN, Wilson and the insistence OF the
TCws of America. This was brought
ovt in answer to the question, Would
tbs G refusal of the United States to ratify
Tho minority treaties mean the failure
Of that part of the peace treaty"
'"No," he replied. 1.-The minority
.-ooties will 70 on IL the League Of Ma
t;ons continues to exist. But ratii,"a-
ticn IL n part of American responsible.
Inv that we do not fully appreciate.
"It was the American hope that made
the disintcgration Of Austria Hungary
n necessity. l think that we have
very distinct obligation to the minorities
IN each country, whose political future
We helped to fashion, not alone at the
Peace Conference. but before. We dealt
with their futures by prosecuting the
war as we did prosecute it IN 1917 and
1918. We bid for, the support Of the
dissatisfied minoritics in Austria Hun.
gary. We have the responsibility to
see that the minority treaties do not 60
BY the board.
"What are we going to do? Some
future American secretary of state may
have to appeal to the governments who
have ratified the treaties, as Hay had to
appeal in the Jewish conflict in 1902.
Wilson Championed Minorities
AS to Clemcnccuus attitude on the
ninOrtiCS question, ] never discovered
that be- had any. II, was capable Of
having the most decided attitudes he
was also capable of sitting in bored
neutrality. On the subject OF the pro.
lection OF mnOrities he sat there that's
all
at was President Wilson's interest
in the scheme, his desire to protect the
Jews in Europe as the American Jews
demanded, which made the whole thing
possible.
1T was the Americans who proposed
first that something be done. They had
the strong support of certain person
alitiCS in the British delegation. OF n
few in the Italian delegation who had
spent some time in the Balkans. but II
was such a thing as might have been
permitted to 60 by the board in such
O conference
That this didn't happen was largely
due to the inSiStcnCe of the American
Jews and the enthusiasm of Wilson
bmscf"
Naturally, in a discussion of such n
subject, the intrusion of the Irish
question was inevitable. The speaker
at first said hc was disincliucd to open
such u subject but finally remarked:
"lreland is a place where they have
long needed the kind of toleration which
was searched for by the Paris confer
encC in these minority treaties. The
conditions are not little due to the
struggles between religious groups. ]
wonder whether the principle of rclig
jOuS liberation would not have contrib
uted to the peace Of Ireland?
But aS to self government, know
OF no place where the practical limits
OF self determination are more obvious
than in lrClnnl -
'ScIf determination is not a cure all
FOR map making. 1t doesn't tell yor
whcr" YOU are going-but it helps you
Oh your way.
"And in great human cobweb like
the peace conference, logic plays Il
small part. There are cases where the
absolute is simply not ut home.
Guaranteed b. League
The Paris conference might have
ceSpaired, It no means of enforcing the
protection Of minOrities could have been
found. Such means were found in the
League of Nations.
A!l the minority clauses were ex-
preSSIy framed as obligations of in
RrhatOnul concern aud were placed
under the guarantee Of the League of
Nations. No notifications can be
made IN them without the assent of q
majority OF the COu!7Cil of, the league.
MOREOVER, the council is empowered
" eh:c-e the provisions, and in case
VI any iniraCtiOn or any danger of in
,naE traction to. take such action and give
and eFactiro G,,,t,,oH as 1T IL may deem proper
"f 'I Irt, tngn1Lye, Inc Permanent Court
6jctiorrV nI'd. ,a,'ola! justice IS given Juri"'
srsS S'VH T. o,rr certain disputes which may
.. 'se IN connection with the intcrprcta-
"V'. 'arnnd %md eTE"cuti"n Of the treaties.
IN Jt1, nr minority treaties provide that