The Bozeman courier., 1921-02-02

official refuse to perform the act
the President desired? He would
either have to resign or would be re-
moved. There is only one authentic
case of actual removal. President
Jackson dismissed Duane, his secre-
tary of the treasury, because he re-
fused to remove the government de-
posits from the United States Bank.
Most people would add President Will
sons Expressed willingness to accept
Secretary Lansing's resignation.
If a cabinet officer and the Presi-
dent are out of agreement, the cabi-
net official resigns. Sometimes anoth-
er office more congenial is found for
him. In some cases, he enters 'Pri-
vate business" In these ways, di-
vergencies of opinion are decently con
cealed and apparent unanimity Of
policy maintained.
But has Congress no control, you
say? Yes, it has. Congress creates
the administrative departments. What
Congress has done, Congress may un-
do or alter. Congress may create a
new department, taking functions
from other departments. This has
been done several times. More re-
Gently it was done by the division of
the Department of Commerce and La
bcr into two separate departments,
And just now there is a movement to
create two or more new departments
Through the power of appropria-
tiOns, Congress exercises a direct con.
troll. Money makes other things thar
the mare go. Money is the breath Of
life to the departments. Without Con
gressional appropriations, the depart
ments would cease to function. Con
gress may refuse to appropriate
money for ehings the department
, wants to do. Thus many a CAREFUL.
considered scheme has been set a
naught by the failure Of Congress /
make the necessary appropriation.
Particularly has this been true i
$ the development of our naval policy
Many people today are watching wit
D interest to see whether Congress wi
n follow the recommendation of Secr'
tary Daniels and complete the navs
i program.
s Sometimes, Congress controls tf
v departments by means of limiting II
! purpose for which the appropriate
! may be used. Thus President Roos
q welt ordered the Marines detache
+ from duty on naval vessels. In IL
It next appropriation bill, Congress,
d granting money for the support
If the aMrine Corps, directed that
,e certain proportion of it should q
,e ways be attached to naval vessel
,e Again in 1914 the Naval Appropri
tion Bill directed that no pOwd
er should be purchased with the mon,
t appropriated, unlecs the powd
\ factory at Indicn Head, Marylar
20 shall be operated C1i basis of n
ed less than its full capacity"
ry Another way in which Congress CO
t. trolls the cabinet is by means Of
Of vestigationsi These investigation
r are often inconclusive. The seer
a taries may be asked to appear, b
as they cannot be compelled to answ
They may always refuse if the Pre-
a. dent so directs, and the Preside
be. may withhold any information he
e. sires.
is Congressional investigations, he
ci- ever, do have the effect of drawi
he attention to and arousing public op
ge ion about the controversy. Thus,
sv President Taft's administration,
We celebrated Ballinger investigation
rt not have any immediate apparent
lat feet. But public opinion was so arc
III ed that it seemed advisable to Pre-
Sc dent Taft to accept the resignat