davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
By Loyal Workers.
By FLOYD RAMP.

Defend your country workers! De-
fend your rights against the most
ruthless robbers in the world. Defend
your country and its name against
the capitalist class. These robbers,
growing richer and richer every day,
are taking from us our rights and
dragging the name Of our country in
the mud. Down with them!
Every worker loves his people. He
loves his country. He would die if
need be to protect his people and the
name Of the country where they live.
He does these things instinctively. He
hates tyrants. Capitalists are economic
and political tyrans.
We must not confuse the people
with the capitalist class. We must
not confuse the government with that
of country. This would be to commit
an erorr. The capitalist class is not
the people. TIE government does not
protect or represent the great masses
Of people. 1t is not the country. 1t is
a capitalist government. It protects
the capitalist class. II Is an instru-
ment in the hands Of the capitalist
class used to 6ppress and more sue
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

with force"
1t must -be said, that Cameron
King, chairman at the time, handled
the affair tactfully. k"As Americans
we demand the rieh4 of free speech,
free press and fr4e assemblage."
"You have suffered It is true, but
we too have sufferfd,' he went on,
of we had had ourI way you would
not have had to su fer.' The Vets
were of course whipped, and they
showed it as they ipeekly filed out.
But they were applAuded by the de-
legation, coming III and going out.
The convention Of counter-revolu-
tionists is over. They will go home
and tell their membership what ra-
dical departures they consummated,
what great achievements they per-
formed. The membership will believe
them, largely, and will continue in
the old petty-reform rut Vote-catch-
ing will continue as lthe order of the
day, petty bourgeois socialism will
persist as the guiding star. Compro-
misses will be effected with 'iber-
ais" and Communistslwillbe be derided as
disruptionists and Department agents.
They will await patiently the for
nation of a new, m5re yellow inter-
national with which to align them
selves. The convention of the Social
list Party is over, the Socialist Party
is carrion
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
FACTS OF HOBO LIFE.
By GUS scHAEFER.
From Hobo" News.
BY GUS SCHAEFER.
From Hobo" News.

can coming in contact with hostile
shacks.
Facing many dangers makes him
keen and shrewd ard gives him the
psychology many times that the
whole world is against him. Biology
teaches me that life adjusts itself to
it's environment. The Hobo soon gets
accustomed to many hardships through
long experience and in that way keeps
from becoming fat and flabby and
degenerate like many do who live a
complacent and comfortable existence
where everything is isprovided for them
without any effort OF struggle on their
own part.
The knocks he receives and the
shocks he gets make him a good rebel
if he becomes one; thus proving that
after all is said, in the last analysis
the Hobo is the reflex of our present
economic system. Had he plenty Of
money, he would certainly ride the
cushions just as the rich classes do.
The Hobo under Communistic
state of society will be unknown.
Under such s\ate Of society there
will be ne elassts q and no poor
and anyone can ride wherever they
care to, free of charge, granted that
they do their social duty and are
working for the welfare Of mankind.
All men will be educated from child
hood up that the interest Of the in
dividual is bound upSwith the interest
of society. All will, therefore, rejoice
in working for the social welfare Of
all. And there will be no parasites
who own the railroads as at present
but social ownership Of these rail-
roads. 1t will mean that all indivl-
duals can ride inside comfortably or
the railroad trains they will all owr
in common.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
BY WILLIAM H. FOSTER, Federated Press Staff Writer.
Copyright, 1921, by The Federated Press

labored, detailed statistical reports
upon the state of things here; rather
| my purpose is to deal with the A, b,
C of the situation. / want to point
out how the new and remodeled IN
stitutions of Soviet society strike the
average person. / want to tell Amer
lean workers how the Russian work
ing-class, now in power, has handled
the problems of food, clothing, shell
ter, entertainment, education, gov
ernment, management of industry, Ia
Dor organization, national defense,
etc.
Perhaps an easy approach to the
wonderful and complicated new Rus
sian Communist society will be to
start at the border of the country
as a visitor, and relate what happens
to one. Russia is now in the throes of
revolution, and to enter the country
is very difficult, so earnest and ne
cessary are the precautions against
spies and counter-revolutionaries.
The applicant for admission must
wait at the principal town of entry
until his case has been laid before
the government office in Moscow.
Then, if his mission has been deemed
valid and important, he is allowed to
come in. This accomplished, he at
once becomes a guest of the Russian
Socialistic Federated Soviet Republic.
So long as he remains in Russia he
is fed, clothed, housed, entertained,
instructed, and generally extended
hospitality without the cost of penny.
1t makes no difference who the man
is or what his errand; whether he be
diplomat, a correspondent, a capital
ist in search of concessions, a rebel
worker come to see the new society,
or what-not, in every case the proce-
dure is the same. He is the guest Of
the Russian government.
To workers living in capitalist coun-
tries this may seem a strange method,
but it flows naturally from the pre-
vailing Communist society. In Soviet
Russia there are only two practical
ways of procuring the necessities Of
life; by work or by gift, and Of
course the government does not ex-
pect temporary sojourners in the
country to become part of the work.
ing force.
(To be continued.)
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

What has happened in Russis
amounts in substance to this: The or
ganized workers and peasants have
oyerthrown the exploiting capitalists
and landlords and have seized then
industries and land. They are now
operating them for their own benefit
paying no interest, rent or profit to
anybody. They are keeping all the
fruits of their labor, and to defend
this communistic system of produc-
ton and distribution they have set
up workers state, backed by work
ers' army. Both these they control to
the last detail.
Flowing from these basic political
and economic changes come whole
series of additions, notifications and
re-creations, touching every institu-
tion in Russia, and amounting in all
to a profound social revolution. Many
American trade unionists, bred and
nurtured in capitalistic conservatism,
are repelled by the thought of driving
off the capitalists and landlords and
taking over their property as the Rus
sian workers have done. They can see
no similarity between such proce-
dure and the everyday struggle of
their own union organizations. Yet
at heart the two processes are essen
TALLY the same. Our trade unions pit
their organized intelligence and power
against the employers and wrest from
them every concession they are able
to take, regardless of how extensive
or profound they may be. The Russian
labor organizations, working upon
identical principles, but with incom-
parably better understanding, deter
mination, discipline and power than
our unions have so far been able to
develop, have finally and completely
defeated their erstwhile masters. But
instead of contenting themselves by
taking petty concessions, as we do,
they have gone the whole way and
make the exploiters yield all their
privileges at one blow. That is the
situation in a nutshell. Between the
Russian and American labor move
ments it is only question of the de-
gree of development. In essence both
are alike, and he is shallow trade
unionist indeed who disavows kinship
with his mere advanced Russian BROTH
ers.
1t is not my intention to make
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
A Convention of
IndecisiOnists.
Continued from page ~

al that asked the members of the S. |
P. to leave the Socialist Party and
join the Communist Parry. And, it |
continues, whereas, it is our duty
to protect our party against such
treachery on the part of unprincipled
and unscrupulous members serving
the interests of either the Commun-
ist international or the Department
of Justice, and in either case serving
the interests Of the American capi-
talists." 1t therefore appealed to
the convention to provide for the
expulsion of members supporting or
endorsing the Communist Interna-
tional or advocating affiliation there
with.
Many of the delegates, Hillfuit
among them, tried to pass the thing
off as a "joke" or scare. But
there were many others, who spoke
for it IN all seriousness, but at the
same time said that though they a
greed wholly with it's seLse and pur-
pose, did not think it a wise move
at this time. Branstetser delivered a
vehement plea for its passage, and
he was interrupted many times by
peanut politicians like Solomon and
Berger offering evidence that the
Communists distributed sabotage
leaflets on election day in our strong.
est sections. Berger insisted that il
was not necessary to pass the re.
solution at the convention, "this is Q
question FOR the state organizations
] was for state autonomy twenty-on,
years ago and still am" Hoehn
Of st. Louis remarked that they dix
rot need a resolution to expell them
The resolution was defeated, hut no
forgotten.
Principles and Platform.
The motions submitted under th,
agenda heading Of Principles an,
Platform were source of consider
able annoyance to the delegates
There action on them was character
lied by positive unwillingness l.
commit themselves to anything tha
smelled as II It might he an uncom
promising or revolutionary tacti,
This indecision was almost universal
most " the proposals were laid O.
the table without dissent.
Two motions on political actor
one definitely limiting this field O
activity TO participation in election
to public office, the other definin
Il ns," any organized, concerted en-
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
New Viewpoints of the American Negro.
By ANSEIMo R. JACKSON, Negro worker

A great many Americans are very
much concerned about Americanizing
foreigners by intoxicating in them the
principles of Americanism. They need
not worry over this matter, for deeds
still "speak louder than words" and
occurrences like the Tulsa, Oklahoma
race riot, the wanton murder of in
nocent and .unoffending Negroes, the
general policy of oppression and re-
preston and various other forms of
injustice meted out to black men and
women--and even to children with
whom there certainly should be no
el)-furnish eloquent and edify-
ing evidences of the true nature Of
Americanism and cannot but be un-
derstood alike by aliens here and
right-minded persons everywhere.
1t is curious commentary that
white Americans are intenesly inter-
ested in the prevention of cruelty to
animals, but are not, in the slightest
degree, concerned about stopping the
murder of human beings-when such
human beings are black. The whip
ping Of horse by its driver or the
killing of wild cat occasions an in
calculable amount of protests, but the
barbarous lynching of black women
about to become mothers does not
cause any CONSERVATION whatever.
The case of Mary Turner, who was
cruelty murdered after being inde-
scribably tortured, affords an idea of
southern chivalry and southerners'
vaunted respect for womanhood.
Hunting Season Always Open.
Of course, it must be remembered
that the Negro is only regarded as a
man in times of war, and that, other
wise, he is believed to be just little
more than dog and quite great
deal less than a man. And at that,
there are times without number when
the dog is given the benefit of the
doubt. 1t must also be borne in mind
that the Negro is the only kind of
game which may be hunted with i'm
punity, any day during the year, on
the happy hunting grounds of Amer
lea.
The lynching of Negroes continues
unabated, year after year, because it
costs nothing to kill Negroes. 1t is
because of this that Negroes who are
members of the New Manhood Move
ment-which is nothing more nor less
than a Sim Fein movement among
Negroes-have resolved to put pro-
hibitive price, on lynching When white
men are made to realize that Negroes
are, inexorably determined to kill
white men who may attempt to kill
them, there will be fewer lynchings.
No man is so afraid of losing his life
as that man who would recklessly
take the life of another. In vain have
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

deavor of government, were both de-
feated.
Likewise, two motions on mass
action were tabled. The first defined
mass action as nothing illegal or
improper in itself" "mass action may
be for social progress or against it."
The second said, that mass action
Includes" such activity as national
petitions or popular demonstrations
in which large masses are engaged
for some definite end, such as re-
lease of political prisoners ETC."
Motions on direct action and sabo-
tage, were of course tabled. Two
motions on the soviet system, one
for, the other against, we lost. The
lstter opposed the soviet system upon
the ground that, ut is a system Of
delegated power which deprives the
working class of any direct voice in
the election of responsible public Of
ficials".
Jim From Pensy.
James Maurer came to honor the
convention with his presence. He was
given an enthusiastic ovation. Called
upon to speak, his talk was in con-
formity with the extreme right po-
sition maintained in the body by Mil
waukee. He denounced the "red, red
revolutionists" in the usual "labor-
fakir" fashion. He asked for sober
consideration Of he problems before
the convens;or. AL MS derl1cia..o1
and matchmaking Of the "revolu-
tionists" was willy applaud?d 0; The
delegation.
| A letter from Meyer London, the
only Socialist representative in Con.
gress WAS read. 'ic took thre, page:
TO excuse rs inactivity fos the past
years, He br.1 I'D that he had in tn,
last session, i'troduced five resolu
tons and bills. Two resolutions dea
with the International srat.ca. or,
Of which dsnsfls the re. .pnition o
i.ussia, To tler "the es.ab .ishmcn
Of on international parliament as
substitute for the Leage Of Nations
He drove home a disagreeable re
minder when he said that the latte
Carried out the program Of the So
cialist Party on international rela
/, tions."
81 AS expected, he didn't forget I
impress the convention that Il mus
. express It's unqualified disapprovs
Of those "who accept dictation fror
\ abroad"
Jewish Federation Objects.
b, A refreshing letter, printed by III
Jewish federation. was distribute
$ among the delegates. II recounte
; some Of the past infamous histor
y Of the party; stressed the moral co
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

lapse of the organization, and asked
the convention to do everything that
the convention (the letter evidently
came late) refused to do. 1t was
not brought on the floor.
Tuesday morning, the convention
went into executive session, to see
what could be done about the fright
full financial condition of the Party.
1t was reported that they ere $21, 900
in debt, and going deeper. Hillquit
proposed that a campaign be i'm
mediately entered upon to raise $10,>
900 in thirty days. 1t was amended
to twenty. Berger arose to boost it
up to fifty. Twenty was finally de-
cided upon.
The Invasion.
On Wed. the Disabled Veterans
of the World War;" one hundred
strong invaded the hall. Their spokes-
man was Horr, from Seattle. He said
that the news had reached them that
there was evidence of disloyalty at
the convention. He chopped to God
the reports were untrue" But if it
were true, that someone said that
he red flag of Internationalism was
the only flag (EngdahD, if there
were those here who advocated force,
he went on in a passion, let them
come outside. Of course, no one
arose to comply. He then warned the
that "force would be met
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

Poland announces that it has de-
clared amnesty for all political prison
ers and the press. In the course of
debate in the diet, deputy Lancuski
exposed the amnesty bill, pronounc-
ing it swindle meant to give the
impression abroad that Poland is
democratic country LancdsKi there.
upon declared himself a Communist.
He is the first Communist deputy in
Poland.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

1t mustn't be supposed that the Hobo
is entirely bad and it mustn't be sup
posed a Hobo is entirely good. The
saint and the sinner is in all of us,
says Ralph Waldo Emerson. Any ac-
tion is good, says Herbert Spencer,
that sustains and perpetuates life.
We Hoboes are not immoral when
we beat our way across the country
on freight or passenger trains and
the average man is gradually begin
ming to realize this; and a bull along
the Santa Fee trail told me he didn't
blame guy for beating his way so
long as he kept out of sight. He said,
"You Boes are alright and / realize
you gotta travel part of the time to
get yourself a better job" The Boe
is better off in another respect, for
in the olden days he was ditched quite
often for not digging up dollar a
division for beating his way on a
freight.
Today most of the shacks in the
West are more pro-social and let a
Boe get by, especially along the San
ia Fe trail.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
WILLIAM z. FOSTER
IN SOVIET RUSSIA.

Editors Mr. Fosters specially written articles
first published last isue told OF the
the United States have of the Russian re-
by the American press)
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

NOW that the automobile has de-
veloped to such an extent that made
it also necessary to have good high
ways, and generally along the rail-
road lines, all this has made travel
ing more conductive to the Hobo. For
if he hops off a fast rattler before
she drops into big railroad depot,
where formerly it meant hike of
twelve or fifteen miles, now a Teller
can get ride off an autoist and get
into town a la de luxe.
After beating a shipment that I
took out from Chicago on the C. M.
and st. Paul and landing in Omaha
busted, / plinged enough for meal,
Shave and flop and grabbd a fast
rattler and held her down till the
chilly night air froze me off, when
| picked myself out nice clean barn
and slept till noon the following day.
There are changes everywhere and
the days of the old jungles are prac-
tically gone.
Around North Platte / heard it was
pretty hostile in spots so plinged an
automobile tourist and he took me
about two hundred miles in his fast
touring car. The real test Of Hobo's
character is that when hostility and
adversely set in-that he still keeps
up his courage and fighting spirit
and continues beating his way to his
destination he has planned out in his
mind before he has started his trip.
Many young fellows, just beginning,
weaken and write home for money to
pay their fare back home.
, Now perpetual state Of Hobo life
in the travelling sense is not a desir-
able position to be in permanently and
there never was a Hobo that done
that. Beating It over the road Is
only n temporary and n necessary
part Of Hobo life. For as one needs
sleep after a days hard work, so the
Hobo after satisfying his wanderlust
needs to stop at some time, firstly Ia
relax and next to struggle for his
material existence.
But 1t must be truthfully stated
that a Hobo will beat his way 70,
I. many reasons. Take it that he save,
: $4,000 around Pocatello, Idaho, pick
: ing potatoes. Now he wants to max,
: California to pick the grapes. It cost,
: from Salt Lake City $500 railroa,
fare. Can any one honestly say he cal
0 afford that much money! No, 70,
I he sees all his energetic efforts gon,
l to the winds, especially if he want
n to winter in California and have
little stake to keep his material exist
ence agoing. \
g SO naturally he'd rather risk th
d dangers Of getting ditched, giving th
a bulls the slip, sleepless nights, th
v lodging Of trains going in the on
/ posite direction and avoiding all h
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
ON, a Negro worker.

Negroes prayed and pleaded and tried
every other peaceable means possible.
And now, the policy of retaliation or
direct action is the only one which
Negroes can adopt if sef-respect and
self-preservation mean anything to
them.
Fundamental Laws Abrogated.
Since so far as Negroes are con-
cerned, the Constitution of the United
States, in the opinion of white men
and white women, is merely scrap
of paper, meaningless document, and
since the government acquiesces in the
wholesale murder of its Negro citi-
zens and does not afford them any
protection whatever, although it
spends millions of dollars and employs
a veritable army of spies to enforce
prohibition and thus attempts to re-
gulate the beverages that Americans
drink, Negroes must arm themselves
and proceed to make good the decla-
ration of the Constitution Of the Unit
ed States as far as it affects their
peace, their liberty and their happi-
ness. a
The Voice of Revolt.
AS natural outgrowth Of the at
titude Of the government towards
lawlessness Of which they are the
victims, Negroes have developed
state of mind, which, when interpret
ed, takes this form:-- That a country
which in times of peace cannot or will
not protect it's citizens at home is
unworthy Of their patriotism and pro-
lection in times of war.
If black men can fight on the battle
fields of Europe to protect white men
and white women from the Huns Of
Europe, surely they can fight at least
as creditably to protect their mothers,
their sisters, their wives ana their
daughters, their lives and their limbs,
their hearts and their homes from
the barbarism of the Huns in Amer
lea. So, and so only, can Negroes Sc
cure their fair and full share of those
rights and liberties which are not
only guaranteed by the Constitution
Of the United States of America, but
are unquestionably the common heri-
tage of all mankind.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

It is not my intention to make
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09
Jewish Federation Ohiecta.

A refreshing letter, printed by the
Jewish federation, was distributed
among the delegates. II recounted
some Of the past infamous history
Of the party; stressed the moral col
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-07-09

(To be continued.)
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1921-07-06
Georges Extends Thanks
for Yankee Treatment;
Praises Champ Dempsey

NEW YORK. July Georges Carpen-
tier and Francois Descamps, his manager,
were guests Tuesday night at dinner
given to visiting French and British sport
writer's by the Editor and Publisher.
Tribute WIS paid 20 the sportsrnanship Of
the American press and public by Ben
Bennison Of the London Daily Telegraph,
speaking for the British writer's, aud Vie
tor Breyer. boxing critic Of Echo De
Sports.
Carpenter, responding to a toast in his
honor, rendered one TO Jack Dempsey,
his cOnquerOr.
For the past ten years It has bsen my
ambition TO box for tho worlds cham
piouship, but on Saturday l met the man
whom ] think the greatest boxer In the
world. I do not wish to deny that | was
under great emotion when / entered the
ring as I saw about me great multltudes
Of American people and when | heard
their ovation ! thought they were all
French. I wish 10 extend all my thanks
to the American people and especially to
the press for the manner In which | have
been treated and l now drink a toast to
the health Of Jack Dempsey"
Before entering the ring Saturday,
Carpenter told his manager that # he
could not win he desired to "go down
with tolors flying" " Descamps said.
I'VE talked it over and Carpenter said
there should be no sponge; he said to
let the loser 80 down with a blow on the
law"