davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Stock Dividends Taxable

MADISON. Wis, July 2s.-stock divi-
bends are held to be taxable as income
under the Wisconsin constitution and
statutes by the Supreme Court to-day
IN an opinion by Justice Burr w. Jones
on the case CT D. M. Dulaney, of Emu
Claire, against John H. Nygaard, county
This decision of the Wisconsin court
Is directly at variance with a recent
United States Supreme Court ruling.
the distinction being based, Justice Jones
pointed out, on different wording be-
tween the state and Federal constita-
tons.
New York and Massachusetts, have
ruled dividends taxable as incomes in a
similar manner to Wisconsin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Shipping Issues Break

Reports that the Shipping Board is
threatening q rate war against the
British lines were construed as bearish
on the shipping stocks yesterday. In
ternational Mercantile Marine, pre-
ferred and common, and United Fruit
bore the brunt of the selling. Marine
preferred broke to 421a and at the
closing price Of Al was off 2A points.
United Fruit got down to SO and
level, the close of 995s showing a net
loss of 3h.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Copper Notes Being Retired

A reflection of easier money condi-
tions is seen in the announcement that
$1,O00,oo0 of the per cent notes Of
the Copper Export Association which
mature February Is, 1922, had been
drawn for redemption on August IS,
six months ahead of their maturity. 1t
is believed that the association has
been able to get credit at sufficiently
lower rate to make it worth while to
withdraw the securities paying an 8
per cent coupon rate.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Utah Copper Declines

Heaviness of Utah Copper shares
yesterday was taken to mean that mar
ket followers looked for discouragine
results from the forthcoming quarterly
statement. Support of this stock is
fairly easy because Of the limited
floating supply, and it was not surpris-
ing when some of the early loss was
recovered. A net decline Of rs of a
point was shown for the day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Closing stock quotations:
Paris Market Firmer

PARIS, July 29.-Prices were firmer
on the Bourse to-day. Three per cent
rentes, sc francs so confines; exchange
on London, 46 francs 95 confines; s
per cent loan, 80 francs 10 confines.
The dollar was quoted at 10 francs 10
confines.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Days NesU Issues

syndicate composed of the Bankers
Trust Company, E. II. Rollins Sons,
the Guaranty Company of New York
and Ames, Emerich & Co., New York,
are offering a new issue of S2,00O0O0
State of Oregon 5a per Gems highway
gold bonds. These bonds, exempt from
all Federal income taxes. are dated Au-
gust l, 1921, and mature from 1925 to
1916 inclusive. The bonds are being
offered at prices to yield from 5.25 to
$50 per cent.
Lee, Higginson G. Co. are prepared to
exchange at their Boston, New York or
Chicago offices their outstanding in
term certificates for the permanent
7& per cent first refunding mortgage
sinking fund gold bonds of the Ameri-
can Agricultural Chemical Company,
dated February /. 1921, and due Feb-
ruary l, 1871, having coupons due Au-
gust l, 1921, and subsequently at
tached.
The Guaranty Trust Company Of New
York announces that its trust depart
msnt is now ready to exchange the
outstanding Pennsylvania Power and
Light Company first and refunding
due February l, 1851. for defintiye
bonds with coupon No. /, due August
l. 1921. and subsequently attached.
George b. Gibbons & Co. ere offering
q new issue of $4,000 City Of Mime
apolis coupon or registered per cent
bonds at prices to yield from 5.75 to
5.5O per cent, according 70 maturities.
The Fidelity Trust Company of Port
land and Brandon, Gordon & Waddell.
New York, were the successful bidders
for an issue of S1.750000 State OF
Maine serial 5 per cent bonds. due
l927-l941. There was keen bidding for
the issue, the successful bid of 97.l47
being only small fraction above the
next highest. 1t was announced lato
yesterday that the bonds maturing be-
tween 1927 and 1885 had already been
sold. The 1936-1937 maturity is being
offered at a price to yield 80 per
cent, 1938-1939 to yield sos and 1sA0-
1941 to yield per cent. There were
80 bidders for the issue.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Dividends
Stock
Stock
Pay holders
Rate. Period. able. of record.
Stocks Elk Dividend
Company.

pate Co'npany- P.
July 3o--AustIn, Nichols & Co pr.
July 30--Baltmore u Ohio r pr.
July 30--Columbia Gas 6 Electric. -,
July 30--Conn Ry & Lighting Co...
July 90 do IF .......... .....
July 30-Corn Exchange Bank .. S
July 30--Norfolk e. West adj Pr. !
July 30---Pullman Co .........
July observation-disclosures Spssdometer.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
London Market Quiet

LONDON, July 29.-The tone Of the
stock market was quiet to-day. Bar
gold, 115s I'd. Money, 3A per cent. Dis
count rates: Short bills, AZ per cent;
three-month bills, Al per cent.
C1osinc stock nuotations.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30

United Cigar Stores Stock ,
1 Home Ins. Co. Stock
General Baking Com Pr.
! American Brass 60. sfo1k
Yukon Alaska Trust
West Va Pulp & Paper Stoch
winchester Co. Stock
| Pacific Coast Co stock
Phelps Dodge Stock
| treat American Ins Stock
Niagara Fire ms Stock
Hanover Fire Stock
FARMERS Loan & Tr1st Stock
| Y. =, Mtge. Trust Stock
| hoyak Baking Pow der stock
| Am. Machine g. Fdry Stock a Risn+.
| ksabcock ~ Wilcox Stock
| North River ms. Stock
| Niles Bement-P oId Srocks
| Singer Mfg. Stock
| Equitable Trust stock
| Franklin Fire Ins. Stock
| First Natl Bank Sto~l-
| =. \. State Rys. Com. & Pfd
| h w. Bliss Com.
| Sen Sen Chiclet So
| Gillette Safety Razor stoc1
| Penn. Coal e. Coke Stool. h
Childs Go. Com. & Pfd.
Mccall Corp. stock
| Nassau Electric Ry. 40
n. \. Mutual Ges. 1t stock 4
>. We haze good plarLeta IN Y.- |
ttsfed and lnGctive .Secs.rtttss o.J Il
/ respectfully invtts your inquiries. '
J.k Rice, syr.&Co.
homes 1000 10 1910 John Sc wanst. NJ
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Bank of Germany Statement

BERLIN, July 29.-The statement Of
the Imperial Bank Of Germany, as Of
July %, shows the following changes,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30

VENEZUELA (par 1913 cents bolivar)
Checks ........16.45 1916
Canadian ExcnanRe-Nsw York funds In
Montreal, 12M per cent premium: Montreal
funds In New York, IL per cent discount.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
In Wall Street
American Locomotive

American Locomotive was one of
the strongest of the equipment group
yesterday, showing. AT the closing
price Of 81h an advance Of full
point. Recent buying in this issue is
said to have been by interests who
believe that tho company's report for
the first half of 1920 will make
favorable showing, despite the shut
down of the plants during part of the
second quarter. The first quarters
operations arc understood to have pro-
duced very good results. In the sec
ond quarter the interest account alone
is understood to have taken care Of
the preferred dividend requirement.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Bid and Asked

Following are the closing bid and
asked quotations of stocks listed on the
Stock Exchange in which there were
no transactions yesterdays:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Consortium Not Interested I'm Loan

The impression has prevailed in GER
tain quarters that the French group
of the Chinese consortium was con-
cerned in the negotiations recently
reported between the Banque Indus
trielle de Chino of Paris, and the
Chinese government, for loan Of $780,
100000 francs to assist. in the reor-
ganization of the Banque Industrielle
At the request of representatives Of
Thomas W. Lamont yesterday made it
clear that the reported negotiations
have been entirely independent of the
French consortium banks, the leader
Of which is the Banque de lIndo
Chine.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30

Bank Clearings-Bank exchanges at
New York yesterday were: Exchanges,
1898 100000; balances, $60,s00,ooO.
Silve-London, 38Bd; New York, do
nestle, bar, 99Ac; foreign, 61Ac;
Mexican dollars, 47c.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Pierce Oil Files Mortgage

The Pierce OIL Corporation, it was
stated yesterday, has raised approx
mately $2,o00.o00 by filing a mortgage
for that amount on it's property, plant
and oil tanks" with the Exchange Trust
Company, of Tulsa. Okla. This transac-
ton is understood to be apart from the
negotiations for loan that have been
going on with New York bankers. Bust
ness OF the company is said to be show
ing some improvement. Net current
assets are placed at $4,000, 900, against
current liabilities of $4,000, 900. Sales
of both the preferred and common
stocks were unchanged in price from
the previous day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Money and Credit

The feature of the local money mar
ket yesterday was the Offering of time
loans to brokers at 81 per cent. Few
OF the offerings, however, were taken,
as 1T is felt that after the crops are
Therefore brokers believe it to their
advantage to take chance on the call
rate for their day-to-day requirements.
The ruling rate yesterday for cali
money was AZ per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Sears-Roebuck Sales

Reports from Chicago yesterday
stated that July sales of Sears, Roe
buck g. Co. were off IS per cent. The
operating loss for the first half of the
year was $3,500,000, but it was said that
the company's inventory on June 80
was down to $60,500,000, or nearly $685.
600 1000 below January l. Accounts re-
ceivable dropped about S4,0OO,00O to
$43,8O0,0 GOO, accounts payable more than
100000 to 100000, and notes pay
able more than S14,500000 to $50 ,000,-
600. The company, it was also said,
has purchased in the open market So
$4,000 Of it's S50,oOO,OO0 serial notes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-30
Transactions Yesterday In Listed Stocks
Summary Of Stock Exchange Dealings

tcopyrsht. 1871. New York Tribune Inc., =
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
SAGE TEA KEEPS
YOUR HAIR DARK
When Mixed With sulphur !
Brings Back Its Beautiful
Lustrc At Once

Gray hair. however handsome. dc.
notes advancing age. We all know
the advantages OF a youthful appear
ance. Your hair is your charm. II
makes or mars the face. when Il
fades, turns gray, and looks streak
ed. Just a few applications OF Sage
Tea and sulphur enhances its APP
pearance hundredfold.
Don't stay gray! Look young
Either prepare the recipe at home
or get from any drug store n bottle
of "Wycth's Sage and sulphur Com.
pound" which Is merely the old
time recipe impro ed by the addl-
tion OF other ingredients. Thou.
sands OF folks recommend this ready
to-use preparation, because II dark
ems the hair beautifully; besides. no
one can possibly tell. as II darkens
so naturally and evenly. You mol8tcn
a sponge or soft brush with Il. draw
ing this through the hair, taking one
small strand at a time. BY morning
the gray hair disappears; after an
other application or two It's natural
color is restored. and 1t becomes
thick. glossy and lustrous, and you
appear years younger.-Adv.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02

before the first OF the year. Most
of this money will be circulated To-
cally mad deposited in local banks.
II means that when the banks re-
sources increases more money is
available for loans, and general
business prosperity such as was
realized in the spring and summer
OF 1920.
The bill Is net so much for the
benefit OF eX-service men as II Is
also n real business proposition for
the relief OF the money shrinkage
in Oregon.
Two things will then be accom-
plished by the passage Of the bonus
bill.
/. The ex-service men OF Oregon
who so nobly offered their lives to
their country in the world war will
be Justly rewarded and placed on
a more equitable basis with those
who remained at home and reaped
benefits from the general business
prosperity.
2. The money strlngency in Ore
gon will be relieved TO such an eS-
tent that general business prosper
Ity will Immediately follow.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
THAT STANDARD OIL AID.

Directors, officers and manager oi
the chamber of commerce are up in
arms because the Standard OIL com.
pany in a current advertisement that
Is running in a number of newspa.
pers and magazines, is calling atten-
ton to Crater Lake as "one Of the
most beautiful lakes in America, To-
Gated near Medford. Oregon"
The Standard oil company's adver-
tising department has been notified
that Klamath Falls is the closest
town to Crater Lake-a fact which
they are asked TO bear in mind in fu-
ture publicity.
Wow. Wow! What a tempest! And
only a few weeks ago Manager Stan
ley announced that klamath was well
satisfied to have Medford and Port
land do all the work in developing
Crater Lake, for klamath Falls-be-
cause OF its geographical location
could not escape the benefits Of the
attracted tourist travel. The deep laid
plan seems to have gone agley.
The Herald is informed that the
material for the Standard Oil ad, that
has hurt the feelings OF the local
boosters came from Portland. Med
ford and Portland pull together and
in the Crater Lake development they
haxan't oyariankad a hat
On the other hand the local cham
ber of commerce has not missed a
single chance for overlooking its
hand In the Crater Lake game. The
Medford- Portland alliance Is quick
witted and always on the job. They
don't wait for things to come their
way. They're eternally going after
them and show splendid batting av-
erage when II comes TO bringing
home what they go after.
They evidently went after the
Standard Oil publicity when the op-
portunity presented itself. while
Klamath Falls boosting cohorts
were engaged in perfecting a mutual
admiration society on the home lot
and basking in the warm rays OF their
own self esteem. Medford has sys-
tenn there that will win over Mr..
staDley's system ten times out OF
ten.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
Bladder weaknsss. mo.t folks calJ

Bladder weakness, most folks call
II. because they can't control urin-
alton. While It Is extremely annoy
ing and sometimes very painful. this
is really one OF the most simple all
ments to overcome. Got about four
ounces OF Jad Salts from your phar-
macist and take a Tablespoonful in n
glass OF water before breakfast. con-
tinue this for two or three days. This
will neutralize the acids in the urine
so IL no longer is a source OF irrita-
ton to the bladder and urinary or
gans which then act normally again
Jad Salts is inexpensive. harmless,
and is made from the acid OF grapes
and lemon Juice. combined with lith.
ia. and Is used by thousands of folks
who are subject to urinary disorders
caused by uric acid irritation. Jad
Salts Is splendid for kidneys and
cause no bad effects whatever.
Here you have n pleasant, cfferves.
cent lithia-water drink. which quick
ly relieves bladder trouble.-Ady.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
IF KIDNEYS AND
BLADDER BOTHER
Take Salts 10 Flush Kidneys and
Neutralize Irritating
Acids

Kidney and Bladder weakness re-
suit from uric acid. says a noted au-
thority. The kidneys filter this acid
from the blood and pass II on to the
bladder. where 1t often remains to ir-
ritate and inflame. causing a burn
ing, scalding sensation. or setting up
an irritation at the neck OF the blad-
der, obliging you to seek relief two
or three times during the night. The
sufferer Is In constant dread, the wa
ter passes sometimes with scald-
Ing sensation and is very profuse;
again. there Is difficulty in avoiding
IL
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
THE SOLDIERS bonus Bill

(That the readers OF this paper
may become thoroughly familiar
with all the facts connected with
the co-called Soldiers bonus bill,
The Herald will publish a series OF
articles by Don Belding, setting
forth the various features of this
measure that the people Of the state
will pass judgment on next month. It
should be fully understood that un-
der the loan feature of the measure,
the money is simply loaned to the
boys; that 1t Is advanced only up to
75 per cent OF the value OF the prop
rs per cent OF the value OF the prop
erty in which It is invested and that
1t will be paid back, with interest
under the amortization plan provided
In the bill. A thorough understand
ing OF the new line provisions OF the
bill means the removal Of any serious
opposition TO it,
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
LOCAL COUPLE wEDDED

Miss Elizabeth Lloyd became the
bride OF Richard b. Chapman last
night. at the home Of the brides
sister, Mrs. vanDahl, at the Hamel
apartments. Both of these young
people are well-known here and
have many friends. They Will reside
at Weed where Mr.. Chapman has a
position with the Southern Pacific.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02

Up to the present time six states
of the union have passed soldier
bonus legislation, New York, New
Jersey, Maine, South Dakota, Mich
igan, and Washington in the order
named. Many other states have
soldier bonus legislation pending. IN
not one instance have pills introduc-
ed for the benefit Of the ex-seryice
men been turned down when sub
mitted to a majority vote OF the
people. 1t is then for the people OF
Oregon to fall In line for the Ore
gon bill is considered the best so far
proposed. All other states, with
the exception OF California are con-
sidering cash bonuses only. The
Oregon and California bills provide
for either a cash bonus or farm
or home loan. There is no doubt that
by far the most beneficial both to
the home or farm loan provision is
the service men and to the state
as a whole.
During the present money string
ency when banks are exerting every
effort to take care of their custo-
mers what is the one thing which
the banks need to remedy the stu
alton. There is only one answer,
more deposits in order that more
loans can be made and customers
thus cared fer.
The passage OF SOC (x) yes, the
Oregon Bonus measure will release
approximately $500, 900 in cash IN
klamath Falls and klamath County
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02
A cowboy ON n South Dakota ranch

recently captured a live eagle with Il
larlat. lie saw the bird swoop down
on calf and waited until the eagle
had eaten his iii, Then he rode to-
ward II, roped II and carried It home
captive.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1921-06-02

Nearly every workman In Japan
wears an inscription on his cap stat
ing the name OF his employer and his
business II IL practice that has
been followed voluntarily for ccntu,
ries although It is not required by
law.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05
SCHOOL PLAY

H "The Arrival of Kitty" a three-act
play presented by the Junior class last
Friday evening in the H. S. auditorium
was a decided success, financially and
otherwise. Byron johnson as Sam, the
colored porter and Ronald Warnock,
as Benjamin More, acted their hum
orous parts especially well, as did
Orion Willsey, whether playing Bob
by Baxter or parading as the charming
Kitty. The real Kitty and Jane were
delightfully."- portrayed by Norma
Hooper and Margaret Swingle. Dor
othy Turner in an old fashioned cos
tune was typical old maid.
Ralph Stout, as Ting, the bell boy
and Vera Newkirk as the maid, car
ried out their parts well and Winfred
Winkenwerder as VIM. Winkler de-
lighted the audience with his designing
efforts.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05

one know are beneficial in that the
ladybird beetle as well as the larvae
feed upon plant lice and scale.
Always when a pest becomes ser
ious as the aphis have this spring ma
ture provides a remedy. The enemies
of the aphis are many being both par
asitic and predacious in their nature.
Besides the ladybird beetles we have
the surplus fly larvae. This maggot,
as that is what is could be called, is
variegated in color from greenish to
brownish, about three-eighths of an
inch long with its head end pointed.
The larvae has four hooks by which it
grabs and holds the aphid while it
sucks the interior.
The longlegged insect seen flying
around the houses lately is parasitic
form of plant lice. =
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05
MANY MINUTE WOMEN
AT MEETING HERE
CONTINUED from first page)

CONTINUED from first page)
DRY of Mrs. Bliss. This was followed
by, zone Sweetly Solemn Thought
beautifully rendered by Mrs. j. j.
Chambreau and Mrs. H. H. Davis with
Mrs. D. G. Brogunier at the piano.
Following the memorial services
several musical selections were given
by the Kennewick music club. A pi-
ano solo by Mrs. Mckinney, of Ben
ton City, and reading by Mrs. C. F.
Winkenwerder. . y
The meeting closed with the song,
"The End of a Perfect Day." by the
Kennewick Music club. An invitation
from the Benton-K iona Minute Women
to meet with them next fall was ac-
copied.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05
X xxx X X x * X %|N X X X X y
X EAST KENNEWICK y
X X X X " &X Xxx xxx y

X EAST KENNEWICK X
xxx X X X " TX TX X * X * X X*M
Mrs. Lambert, of Tacoma, is visit
ing her daughter, Mrs. Hildebrand.
C. A. Pasche and family spent Sum
day with the Emil Albrecht family.
w. R. Crawford and family motor
ed to Walla Walla and back last We'd
nesday.
E. Bowles, of Prosser, was a guest
Saturday night at the c. Puderbaugh
home.
Mrs. C. C. PEBBLES was called to Day.
ton, Sunday, by the serious illness of
her sister.
Mrs. George Beard, who has been
quite i'll the past two weeks, is stead
lily improving.
Mr.. Bronlow is leveling the five-acre
tract east of w. B. Elliott's, which he
purchased last fall.
Miss Opal Elliott was compelled to
quit school on account of nervous
breakdown, but is much improved at
present.
Frank Neel, Jr., who is working at
the Grosscup ranch was home last
week on a vacation and made trip to
Walla Walla, Tuesday.
Miss Fay Keith and Glen Puder-
baugh stole a march on their friends
by slipping off to Pasco and being
married on April %.
Rev. Bennett, who is holding meet
ings at the new Christian church this
week, was entertained at the j. /. Hill
home Saturday and Sunday.
1t is the belief in this section that
the hard freezes of last week did but
little damage to the Strawberries and
everybody is hopeful of bumper crop.
Milton Smith, young son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Milton E. Smith, has been out of
school for two weeks with severe at
tack of tonsilitis and ear trouble. He
returned to school Monday.
The Valley Grange is going to have
a hard times party at the Valley club
house on Tuesday, May IL. This will
be a community affair with good
program and entertainment and free
will offering will be taken for the ben
eft of the hospital. Mrs. Roy Wash
burn, Mrs. Fred Mills and Mrs. v. l..
Georgeson have charge of the pro-
gram. Watch the paper next week for
further announcements. ..s
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05

Mr.. and Mrs. ]. F. Perry returned
home the first of the week from a six
months pleasure trip thru the middle
west, south and east. They spent a
month each with their daughters, Miss
Howard Stringer, of Weiser, Idaho;
and Mrs. Harold Simmons, of Arkan-
sas City. They visited at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Chas. H. Collins, of Fl.
Worth, Texas, going from there to
New York and Boston and returning
by way of their old home in Michigan.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-05-05
DON'T DESTROY THOSE EGGS,
THEY ARE LADY BIRDS
Horticultural Inspector Smith Says
They are Regular Little Spray
Machines

Fruit men are cautioned by w. H.
Smith, horticultural inspector, not to
crush the masses of yellow eggs seen
on tree trunks and limbs. These are
the lady-bird beetle eggs and as every