davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
COST OF LIVING DROPS 1867
DURING PAST SEVEN MONTHS
Figures Also Show Decrease of A. Per Cent
During Month of February.

The National Industrial Confer
ence Board has made public today
its estimate of changes in the cost
of living to March 1. 1921.
The board finds that the cost Of
living among wage-earners in the
United States has fallen - per
cent during the month of February,
and was SIS per cent higher on
March /, 1921, than 1t was in July.
1914, as against 1858 per cent higher
than the 1914 base on February /,
1921. There was drop of 35.s
points or 17.6 per cent between
July. 1920. the highest point reached
since 1914, and March 1. 1921.
1t should be noted. however. that
the percentage of decrease from q
higher to a lower base is always
less than the percentage of increase
from the same lower base to the
same higher. although the change
in index points is the same in both
cases. Thus. while q drop of 35.9
Relative
Importance
- .r- in family
budget
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
till hads,the increases of July been

still hadsthe increases Of July been
in effect during the entire year.
The roads have met the labor
situation in three ways; First. they
reduced their forces wherever pos
sible. The total number discharged
now amounts probably to nearly
5000 Then they petitioned the
Railroad Labor Board 10 establish
national agreements signed during
the period Of Federal control. which
enforced standardized working con-
ditions throughout the country, ir-
respective OF local commerce and
conditions Of operation. BY mass
OF testimony the railways have at
tempted to- show the Injustice of the
application of these applications to
local situations, and the resulting
drain on their revenues. The shop
crafts, to which these national
agreements apply particularly. are
fighting for their retention and are
insisting that this is a move On
the part of the Railways to dcstroy
uuionism. This Issue s.ill drags on
tcfore the LaI or Boari
Finally the railways have tackled
directly the Job of wage rs-uction
Under the transportation act they
are obliged to consult with their
employees with respect to wage ad-
justnients. and in case of dispute
to refer the matter to the Railroad
Labor Board for settlement.
The law contains no penalty fol
violation of this procedure and any
road is at liberty to cut it's wages
~ tslr pNrf naRf fAxs
wish to put themselves in so un-
favorable a light before the public
The real issue at present is whether
they can reduce wages after con-
ferences with their employees anc
prior to a decision of the labor
board. If not, long delay will en-
sue and in case the board finally
orders wages reduced. it will bt
impossible to recover the exces.
payments made during the interval
What then of the future? Elk
penses are probably going to bt
materially reduced by wage adjust
ments. 1t is hardly conceivabl,
that the employees will institut,
strikes in a period OF depression
Of falling prices, and of wage re-
ductions in other industries. The
feeling existing between railway,
and employees is not what it shoulc
be. but it should not lead to actua
rupture. IN the matter of earning.
there is an underlying current Of
optimism in business that shoulc
soon find its outlet in a restored
movement of traffic. No increase IL
rates Is to be thought of. On tho
contrary. it is submitted that rail.
way traffic executives should initi.
ate at once a thorugh Investigation
of the effect OF existing rates upor
traffic movement. There is nc
doubt that many rates are too high
particularly in the West. A ju.
diciously lowering frates woult
not only bring in additional revenu,
but might initiate the revival
which business has m lonp aWaitad
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

points from an index Of 2o4.5 to an
index Of 1856 represents a decrease
Of lis per cent. a rise of 35.s points
from 1855 to 204.5 represents an in
crease Of 2l.3 per cent. In the same
way the drop of a. per cent from
February to March represents a cor
responding increase Of 4.s per cent.
The continued downward move
ment in the cost Of living during
February was due largely to the big
drop in the cost of food stuffs as
shown by the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics index numbers Of retail food
prices. Average clothing prices de-
clined slightly although there was
an increase in the cost of a number r
of items in the woman's clothing
budget. Average rents remained
stationary; the cost of coal and Of
certain sundries dropped while aver
age rates for light advanced.
Changes in the average cost Of liv-
ing in the United States between
July. 1914, and March 1. 1921. are
shown in the tsbulation below:
Percentages OF in-IPercentages Of Of de.
crease in the cost oflcrease in the cost OF
living above average living on March /.
prices in July. 1914, 1921, from average
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

1t will be noted that the proper
ton Of the exports of agricultural
products to total exports was ap-
proximately the same in 1918 as in
1920. In 1919 there vast q much
larger foreign demand for agricul-
tural products Of all kinds, particu-
larly those which had gone through
a process of manufacture. In that
year the total exports of all agri-
cultural products amounted to SIS
per cent Of the total value of all ex-
ports. Manufactured agricultural
products in 1913 alone accounted for
33.7 per cent Of all exports. This
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

was due largely to heavy exporta-
tions Of meat products and flour.
1t. is of considerable interest to
compare exports OF agricultural
products by commodity groups for
the last three years. The following
table shows these data both with
respect to the number of tons ex-
ported and the value for all unman-
ufactured farm products. Fortu-
nately the Department of Com
merce reports the exports of prac-
tically all raw materials coming
from the farm In terms of quantity
which may be converted. roughly.
into tons.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
AVERAGE PRICE
OF FARM VALUES
DECREASE7P.C
Plowland A ere Now
Worth sS3.7s Says U. S.
Dept. of Agriculture.
Was s9O.21 DURING 1920
Government Attributes De-
cline to Reduction in Price
OF Crops-Cotton Leads

The average puce OF plovland per
acre In the United States decreased
about per cent during the past
year. according to q report just Is
sued by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture. The average
value of plowland per acre on March
of this year was SS3.7s. as com
pared to sso.o1 In 1890. and s74-31 in
1919. The department attributes
the decline to the reduction in the
prices of crops.
Cotton Lands I'm Lead.
The report shows that the heavi-
est drop in the price of land is in
the Southern States where cotton
is the principal crop. In some sec
tions Of these States there has been
a decline of 80 per cent In the price
Of plowland during the year. The
average price Of plovland in Geor-
gia this year is sSs per acre. while
last year il was s45-a drop Of
about 2s per cent. The average In
South Carolina last year was ssl.
while this year IL is $50 drop Of
20 per cent.
kentueky shows Greatest Drop
Probably the greatest drop in any
one State was in Kentucky. and is
attributed to the decline In the price
of tobacco. In 1890 the average
price Of plovland in this State was
$40 per acre, while this year il is
$50. This is a decline of approx
mately 20 per cent
Iowa Highest Priced.
Iowa is the State having the high
est price Of plowland per acre. The
report shows that IL In valued at
$500 this year, as compared with
t2ls last year-a decline OF about
per cent. Illinois ranks second
in the value OF plowland. accord
ing to the report, the price per acre
being SlS7. In Alabama and Mis-
sissippi the average price Of pIo~-
land is $26.
The Western States show the least
decline in prices Of land. and in the
case of California, oregon and Col
orado there is a slight increase over
last year. Piowland in California
was valued At $3.50 per acre last
year while this year the average
is sI35.
The report shows that there was
a rapid increase in the price OF
land from 1917 TO 1899. when the
highest price was reached. The de-
cline during the past year is not
as great as the increase from 1919
to 1920. Land prices are still higher
than any year preceding 1890.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

Exports Of unmanufactured agri-
cultural products increased from
$500, 900 tons in 1918 to s.s46,o0o in
1919 and 11,6s4,000 in 1920. This
latter year represents an increase
Of IT per cent over the exports of
the same commodities three years
before. In terms of value. there
has been a much more marked in
crease. amounting to 6s.6 per cent
In 1920 over the value reported for
1913. In the actual quantity ex-
ported the group OF cereals is by
far the most important of the agri-
cultural products. lin 1920 this
EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURE,
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
FEDERAL RESERVE
BOARDS STATEMENT

Further liquidation Of s77,ooo.-
. 900 in total ioans and invest-
ments, aceenpanied BY . smaller
reduction in depssit liabilities
and Increased borrowings, II in
dicated In the Federal Reserve
Boards weekly statement OF
conditions In s24 member banks
In leading cities.
Decrease in loans secured by
government obllgations, S1e,0O0,-
oo0.l
Decrease In loans secured by
corporate obligations. S22,000,-
600.
Decrease In al other loans
and discounts, S4s,0o0y 600.
Aggregate reductions In loans
and discounts, ss0.0oo,oOo.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Yale & Towne Annual Report.

The Yale and Towne Msnufactur-
ing Company. for the year ended
December 81, 1920. reports net prof
its after charges and Federal taxes.
Of s2.3344T0. equal to $3.50 q share
earned on the s4.see.eos capital
stock. This compares with net prof.
its Of s:.3e3,os4. or s47.2s. in 1919.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co.

The Chicago Pneumatic Tool Com
pany has issued its 1920 annual re-
port, showing net earnings after
taxes and available for dividends Of
sG273,o61, equal to $s.S7 a share on
the l2s.970 shares of capital stock.
Net earnings available for dividends
for 1919 amounted to s4S9,o51, equal
to $7.5S share on the 64,44S shares
Of stock them outstanding,
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
COAL PRODUCTION
IN RUHR REGION

From a recent report of E. L.
Dresel. with the American mission
at Berlin, IL is learned that the total
output OF coal in the Ruhr coal re-
gion in 1890 amounted to ss.25o.OO0
tons. as compared with 7o,s5O.oOo
tons in 1919 and lli,550.0oo tons in
1913.
While the 1920 production is con-
siderably below that OF 1913. IL rep
resents an appreciable increase over
the figures for 1919. This increase
in 1920 can be accounted for by the
more stable labor conditions which
prevailed.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Winchester Company,

The Winchester Company for the
year ended December 81, 1920, re-
ports net income after interest, de-
probation and taxes, of $l,04S,Ss3,
equivalent after preferred dividends
to S24.5s a share earned on the
81 10000 common stock
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

describe in my next article may
rest. 1t may almost be said that
cooperation is now in the psychol-
ogy of the people; and that this,
and not violent political action, is
the way the farmers are tending
in seeking a solution of their prob
lens.
(copyrsht, 1871, Evening Post Syndicate, }
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Central Coal & Coke Co.

Central Coal & Coke Company of
Philadelphia. declared the regular
quarterly dividends Of sl-So on the
common stock and s1.2S on the pre-
ferred stock. both payable April Is
to stock OF record March 81.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

The total value Of the export
trade Of the United States for the
calendar year 1890 was approx
nately sS,0S1. .00o. 900. According to
a tabulation made in this ONCE. a
little over $4,000, ,00o.o or 25 per
cent of the total consisted of un-
manufactured agricultural products.
Another sum equal to s1.Soo. .0oo. 900
represents the value of exports
of manufactured commodities made
COMPARISON OF VALUE OF AGRI
1000 o
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
LOew's Theaters Company.

Loew's Theaters Company has de-
ciared the regular quarterly divi-
dend of per cent and an extra of
IL per cent, both payable April l to
stock of record of March %.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
United Shoe Machinery Corn,

United Shoe Machinery Corpora
tion of Boston declared regular
quarterly dividends of so cents on
the common and 37h cents on the
preferred stocks, payable April S to
stock Of record March 23.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

... $16,027, ,l23 .......... S14,045.O4s
group represented nearly SO per
cent OF the total tons of agricul-
tural products exported. Cotton is
the next most important commodity
in terms Of quantity and is by far
the most important as regards
value.
Another table has been prepared
showing the exports of manufac-
tured agricultural products by
groups Of commodities. In this
table only ABOUT two-thirds Of the
total exports are reported in such
form that their physical volume can
be calculated.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
FARM PRODUCTS FORM
HALFOUR EXPORT TRADE
Exports of Unmanufactured Farm Products
Increased in 1920, While Manufactured
Decreased.
y m. w..AInsten HeraId'. Eeonepaist.)

from agricultural products. The to-
tai value of the exports of all COM
modities. both manufactured and
manufactured. made possible by
our vast agricultural production,
amounted. roughly, to 1851. .00o. .0eo,
or 4s per cent Of the total value of
all exports.
The following table gives a simi-
lar comparison for the exports of
the last three calendar years:
ULTURAL AND TOTAL EXPORTS.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Do Not Tempt Others +!
Ask Yourself the Question

Have the right to let money, my stocks bonds notes
insurance policies jewelry and other vsuabe around the
house office in bureau desk under the
mattress cubbyholes trunks where any every one may
chance them and be tempted them? Common
dictates the answer "Of have Then this oues
ton and its applies to why delay another day
out having secured safe deposit box for sseepns your
personal yaluabes? will you cent day Can
afford take risks iongeri Visit safe deposit
1t is the finest in Washington.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
Taxation In New Light.

easy transportation and the roads
were fearful.
Taxation In New Light.
1t is noteworthy that in pushing
the successful effort to revise the
entire basis Of taxation in North
Carolina, involving a revaluation of
all the property. that one of the
chief arguments used was that tax
alton was a form of cooperation
for the public good. and il has been
possible IN recent legislatures and
locally to get appropriations for
education. good roads, and commu-
pity service which would have
Shocked the people FIVE years ago.
1 speak Of these things because
they are all helping to bring peo-
pie together upon a new basis of
understanding, leading them to
know one another and work togeth-
er. Once the process starts, it
moves swiftly. Improving commu-
nifty spirit encourages cooperation,
and cooperation encourages better
community spirit.
A very notable instance of this is
the development in North Carolina
of credit unions among farmers.
The movement grew out of the in
spiration which came from the visit
to Europe in 1913 of a group of ag-
ricultural leaders appointed by
President Wilson to study co-opera
tive farm movements
Under this system any group of
farmers may unite and by lending
their own resources to their own
members or by pledging their joint
credit secure outside capital ON
more favorable terms, help to meet
the serious credit problems which
confront all farmers.
Character Is Capitalized.
The genius of the credit bank Is
collective credit as against individ-
ual credit. 1t Is a capitalization of
the character of its members.
The system of cooperation is the
foundation stone in the rebuilding
OF many agricultural districts in
Europe, aand IL has taken hold
strongly now in North Carolina Al
though the first union was formed
less than four years ago, there ars
now thfrty-three unions in active
operation in the State, with lass
sl00, ,oe0. o'e.
About half of these are In white
communities and half in colored
communities. The strongest Of the
unions Is now over three years old
mas efghty-one members and total
resources Of S26,s45. Thirty Of its
members are borrowers with loans
amounting to s25.sS7.
Although there are now credit
union laws in several States. among
them Massachusetts. Texas, New
YORK. nowhere has the idea taken
hold among farmers as in North
Carolina.
such Is the solid local basis upon
which the new movements I-shaii
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

of beef and pork and dairy products
Is almost wholly responsible for the
decline in 1920. Exports of, bread
stuffs also showed some decrease.
In respect to the total quantitys ex-
ported. breadstuffs is by far the
most important of the groups
shown in this table. So far as value
is concerned. pork products are the
most important
Waxhinrton Heraid1
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

This table shows that in 1913
there was an increase of 3s per cent
in the total tons of manufactured
agricultural products exported COM
pared with 1918. In 1890. however.
there was a marked decrease in the
volume Of these products and the
total fell considerably below that
for 1918. The drop in the exports
Copyright, 1871, By tn.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
INSURED INVESTMENTS

NO ship owner would send his
vessel out to sea unprotected By
marine insurance. Ships at sea face
many disasters-collision, fire, NUT
my. accidents to machinery, etc.
II q man thus guards against loss
at sea. will he not be justified in.
investing in securities well protect
ed BY land?
In our ffty-two years Of business
not a single investor in our First
Mortgage Notes has lost anythinr
on notes purchased through US.
Their, "ships came home" safely.
SWARTZELL, RHEEM &
HENSEY co.
7z7 Fifteenth Street N. ".
Washington. D. 6.
The Nations Home Totsu.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
ROAD FINANCES
MOST SERIOUSN
FIFTEEN YEARS
Review of Railroad Stu
alton Indicates Criti-
cal Situation.
GRADUALLY WORSE
Increased Rates Have Failed
To Increase Revenues.
Traffic Not Moving.
GRADUALLY WORSE
By FRANK HAIGH DIXON.

Professor Of Eeenemies, Prineeton
University, and Formerly Chief
statistician Bureau Of Rail-
way EcOn0nics.
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

Copyright v The wsshns Hsrs,d3
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21

PARIsoN VALUE OF AGRIcULrURAL AND TOTAL EXPORTS
The Washington herald., 1921-03-21
PRODUCTS.
0IO 1Q90
EXPORTS OF UN

.............. las $50 IT'S ess
Norwich bulletin., 1921-09-23
THIRD COMMITMENT TO
 NORWICH STATE HOSPITAL

Oliver Raymond Voorhees,, who has twice been a patient at the Norwich state hospital, has been recommitted there by Judge John L. Gilson of the New Haven probate court. He was arrested in New York recently for issuing a worthless check gaining considerable mo- toriety at the time because of his es- capades.
 Voorhees, condition is a result of the war and is one of the many distressing cases which the probate court has been called upon to deal with.
 It appared that he had enlisted in 1918 for service in the navy snd was assigned with his company to Pelham Bay camp at City Island, New York. While working on the well known coal pile" during the intoleraole first week of August he had the misfortune to receive a sunstroke, which combined with infected serum in- oculations already administered, confined him to the hospital bed for four months and drove him insane.
 Although discharged from the Pelham Bay hospital as cured in December 1918 he was again stricken the following Feb ruary and committed to the Norwich hos pital by the probate cott.
 After some months he was again re- leased on parole, but in April, 1920. he was again committed to Norwich by Judge Gilson. In the early part of this
Norwich bulletin., 1921-09-23
EAST THOMPSON FIRE
 RRorGET ss5OO sur


 Judge Banks had for hearing in the superior court civil side at Hartford this week the action of Josephine M. Kroll of Webster Mass. against the Phoenix lns. Co., of Hartford, Certain buildings, a dwelling and barn, owned by the plain tiff and located i1 East Thompson, Wind ham county, were, according to the plain tiff, burned April 27, 1918, and the suit is to recover $S,5lo, the amount of in surance.
 The defense is that the property was not in the name of Mrs. Kroll a the time the policy was written, and that at the time of the fire the premises were va cant and had been vacant for some time before the date of the fire, that the con- pany had not been notified of the va cancy, and that it was contrary 10 the terms of the policy to have the property vacant without notice beings given to the company It was claimed in behalf of the insurance, however that the agent who wrote tho policy was told that the prop erty was not regularly occupied and that he said there was no objection to that. It was asked that the policy be reformed to agree as to the facts as claimed, and that the company be directed to pay the policy.
 Edward J. Daly of Hartford and T. E. Babcock of Norwich, appeared for the plaintiff, and Edward M. Day for the in- surance company.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-09-23

annual meeting in March, 1918, a tax or 16 mills on the dollar was laid oni the assessment list on a tract of land of the defendant in Noank which the as- sessors assessed at $100,00O. It claims that the defendant still owes the tax es of s1,6o0
 It is also claimed that defendant owes $1,7S4.S0 for taxes on the same land for the levy of 1919 on an assessment of $111,550; s7,296 for taxes on land in Groton, assessed at $456,000; $1,S05. 50 for the levy on 1920 on land in Noank : S9,720 on land at Eastern Point on the levy of 1919
 The town also claims that at a meet ing of the voters of the Eighth school district On August 25, 1919, it was vot- ed to levy tax of IS mills and that the company owes taxes of S6,os0 on the property on the Eastern Point road and also S4,05o on the levy of 1920.
 Papers in the suit have been served by Deputy Sheriff J. H. Tubbs and are returnable to the superior court the first Tuesday in October.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-09-23
SPECIAL 5-s MILLS TAX
 VOTED IN NEW LONDON

A special tax of 1 5-s mills was voted in the New London city meeting Thurs day morning, applicable on the grand list next assessed, to take care of two appropriations totallins 51,54413, made at the meeting.
 One appropriation is for the school board. amounting to s46,544.13, to pay teachers salaries for the month of Sep tember. coal bills and for the cost of al terations and additions at the Harris building. where the commercial school Is established.
 The other is of s, 5,oO0 for the miscel- laneous and contingent fund. between s2,OOO and s3,oo0 of which is required to cover the cost of the two September city elections and the other s2,00o for bills that may be due this month.
 There were about 40 citizens at the meeting.
Norwich bulletin., 1921-09-23

Harold Heap is attending a textile echool in New Bedford
 George Poyerd has returned to work la the local mill,
 John Frohmander is enjoying two weeks vacation
 The fans are showing much interest in the coming game between the local team and the Norwich Kaceys.
 A. Breault is now working In the To- cal mill.
 Grand opening at Miss D. Beaure- rsrd's. Sept. 25-24. All invited. adv.
 Mrs. Elsie Beebe. who has been spend- ing several months touring Great Britain and France has arrived in New York She was met by her parents, MT. and Mrs. John W. seddon, and Mir. and Mrs. Will fam Bailey and Miss Mabel Hodgkin- son
 Mr and Mrs. Ernest Clarke of South Front street have left town to make their home in Marion, Mass.
 Mir and Mrs. Thomas Headen of Lis oon are enjoying a motor trip to Mag ara Falls.
 Mr. and Mrs Raymond Cabana Of St. Hyzcinthe. Canada. are spending their honeymoon visiting Mir. and Mrs. Napo- leon Parent of Front street. Mrs. Ca bana was formerly Emma Frechette and Is Mrs. Parents sister.
 Ernest Bolduc Is building himself a house on his property on Norwich ave- que.
 Louis wunderiich has built a new dam on his property on Norwich and Hunters avenue.
 Several odd vaEers have been made on the Taftvilie-Kacey game, one is two quarts Of cream against a bushel of ro- latpes