davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

method is based on the characteristic
habits of the fresh-water mussels,
which lie habitually half imbedded in
the bottom of stream, with the
hinder end of the shell directed against
the current and slightly gaping. If
stick or hook be inserted into the open
ing Of the shell. the mussel nj once
closes tightly and will hold for q long
time, even while being dragged over
the bottom and hauled up to the boat.
The more elaborate apparatus now
used was first brought to the notice Of
the river men of the upper Mississippi
In 1897. The crowfcot apparatus con-
sists essentially of a bar to which many
short lines, bearing four-pronced wire
hooks, are arranged at intervals. By
means of a towing line the bar Is
dragged above the bottom While the
hooks trail on the mussel bed with
the current. When a hook enters a
smell opening, the mussel closes upon
the hook, and in consequence is
dragged from the bottom. When the
bar Is raised after suitable time,
numerous mussels may be hanging
from the hooks.
IL Is usual to equip barges with
a number of these bars so that the bed
OF stream may be dragged thorough
~. The most satisfactory boat has
been found to be the ordinary John
boat. Its length is from IA to 20 feet
with width at the center of from 3
TO feet. but 1t always has narrower
ends, and Is usually of light draft. For
work on a much larger scale, heavy
Darges, approximately 10 by 40 feet.
are used.
After the muSSelS are brought ashore
the soft parts must be removed. Where
pearling Is the exclusive object, each
mussel may be opened with knife
inserted between the valves of the
shells, so as to sever the adductor
muscles; the meat is then cut out and
examined for pearls. Such process.
however, Is entirely too slow and ted,
Gus for preparing shells for market.
so the cOOking-Out process Is exclusive
| y SHP'VySu III tHC SHCLt uSllcTy. Inc
mussels are cooked In a vat 5 feet long
by 2 feet wide and from IL to Is
inches deep. This usually takes about
q half hour.
After reaching the button factory
the shells are first soaked In tanks
or watts for week or more. The soak.
ing process Is intended to soften the
material, which would otherwise be toe
hard on the saws. as well as 80 brittle
as to chip and yield blanks with rough
edges. The machine used In cutting
is essentially lathe fitted with tubu
lar saw Of the necessary diameter L
obtain the required. size of button, ant
wooden plug and ratchet handle o.
lever for gradually forcing the rougl
shell against the rapidly rotating saw
The shell Is held In position either b,
prongs or by the hand protected will
mitten. Successive blanks as the,
are cut are crowded through the tubu
lar saw to fall into receptacle be
low. The sizes of the buttons are dc
termined by the inner diameter Of til,
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

last census discovered that the value
of all buttons produced in this coun-
try In single year Is more than $780,
100000. This represents several bill
lions of buttons.
The fresh-water mussel, the lowly
clam Of the old swimming hole, is the
largest single source of buttons In this
country. Something like $4,000 tons of
clam shells are used annually in the
manufacture of more than 50,0O0,0O0
gross of pearl buttons which, at pres
ent prices, are valued at more than
$15,O0O,O0O. In addition to buttons
the mussel shells are also used In the
manufacture of novelties, jewelry.
chicken feed, road materials and COM
position marble.
Several years ago the bureau of fish
cries discovered that the great clam
beds which are the source of the best
buttons were being rapidly exhausted.
Investigation showed that nature in her
propagation and growth of pearl but
ton material was wasteful. 1t was al.
so found that natural propagation Of
mussels could be improved and con-
trolled artificially and means were
taken to restock tie clam beds. In
this scheme fish are q necessary ad-
junct.
When fresh-water Clans have just
started their development they must
become parasitic upon fish If they are
to reach maturity. Almost as soon as
they are Matched the baby CLAIMS at
tach themselves to the gills of fish.
Here they cling for the next week or
two. When they have developed sufti-
GENTLY to shift for themselves, they
detach themselves and drop to the
bed of the river. If undisturbed there,
they become full grown at the end of
FIVE years.
The trouble with this natural process
of development is That the great ma
jority of tiny clans do not find fish
to which they may attach themselves,
and they die in their infancy Elk.
perts of the bureau of fishery then con.
ceived the idea Of artificially infect.
Ing the fish with tho parasites, and i'm.
mediately the problem was solved. I'm
der this artificial treatment fish cal
carry a thousand or more embryo mus
sells In Its gills, whereas under nat
ural conditions 1t may become host to
only q dozen or so.
The principal mussel-yieldinl
streams are found in the states of Min
nesota. Wisconsin. Illinois, Missouri
Arkansas. Indiana, Ohio. Tennessee
Kentucky and Alabama. the Mississippi
river producing the largest number o
shells. The mussel fishery Is a per
manent and Important industry. and II
scarcely any locality where shell fish
cry was once established has It eve
been entirely abandoned. The exten
Of the fishery In any locality may var,
from year to year, however, as It 1
subject to variety Of influences, sucl
as the demand for shells of certain
qualities, the stages Of the river. tn
condition Of the local industry. an,
the degree Of exhaustion Of the ma
terial.
The method OF Iaussel fishery mos
generally In use today Is with the 50
called bar and crGwfoot hooks. TIL
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
P0xEszzzvF CITIZENS

cutting end Of the saw, and they range
from about one-third of an inch to one.
men In diameter. In novelty works
buttons an inch and half or larger
are made.
Before going to the finishing ma
chimes the blanks are usually passed
through four intermediate processes.
First they are passed through blank
classifer, where by falling between.
rollers they are separated into differ
ent lots according to thickness. Next
they are placed in tumblers, consisting
of heavy and slowly revolving barrels
of iron or wood, in which they are.
churhed with water and pumice stone
TO clean them and remove any possible
rough edges. The blanks are then
ready for the grinder, machine fit.
ted with an emery wheel which grinds
away the horny backs and reduces the
blanks to uniform thickness. Final
ly the blanks are again soaked In wa
ter to be softened for the finishing ma
chine. They are then ready for the
essential processes of button making.
which are accomplished by an auto
matte machine Of comparatively recent
invention and of very ingenious design.
The blanks are fed by hand into de-.
pressions in the tops of vertical chucks,
which are arranged in series constitut-
ing an endless chain. AS the chucks
in the endless chain pass around the
circumference Of the machine each
blank Is automatically operated upon
by various tools, and each tool Is au-
Dramatically sharpened and prepared for
the succeeding blank. The processes
accomplished in the machine consist
in rounding the edges and carving out
the center in the desired pattern. Al
ter the first hole the Grill rises, the
button makes a turn through fourth
or half Of one revolution according to
whether It Is to be four-hole or two
hole-button), when the Grill again de-
sends to make a new hole. After the
last hole Is drilled the chuck opens
automatically to release the button,
which is sucked into tube connected
with the blower system to be dropped
! into bucket through counting tube.
From the cutting machine the but
tons are taken to the churns, where
they are tumbled, or churned, with wa
ter and pumice stone to clean them,
take of the rough edges, and make
them ready for receiving the final pol
ish. The polishing is also tumbling
process, In which, however, sulphuric
acid Is used In conjunction with steam.
After the buttons are dried In shak-
ers with sawdust, they are placed with
dry sawdust and washing powder in
Il combined tumbler and shaker. This
process removes any trace Of llmy de-
post and gives the final luster. Final
ly the buttons are conveyed in buck
cts or boxes to the sorting room where
they are sorted according to qualities
ana grades and sewed to suitable cards
for packing in boxes, ready to he sold,
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

There was nothing could do to avert
discovery, no place In which I could
crouch In hiding. The newcomer moved
swiftly. knowing his way through the
darkness, and l had scarcely oppor-
tunity to even glance backward when
he rounded the corner and bumped In
to me.
what the h--ll!" he exclaimed
startled at the encounter. "Why, d-n
1t, Charlett, what are you slouching
here for? You're Charlett, amt your"
"Yes," muttered, the assent actually
frightened out of me; then added
lamely, II couldn't remember the sig
nal"
The fellow laughed softly, releasing
his grip on my coat.
IF you attended more meetings
you'd be letter perfect" he said. his
English without an accent. "Where
have you been the last month-out OF
town."
In Washington" l ventured pray.
ing the swift answer might suffice.
'oh, see,' more heartily. $50 YOU
were the one Alva sent? Did the won.
an come back with your"
The woman! Who could he mean
but the same girl who had been wait,
Ing in the saloonl had ventured al.
ready too far to draw back; must
take yet another chance. an answer.
''Not with me: that would h. toe
risky. she is here. though"
"Good enough. That means money
Let's 80 iSL"
He pushed past. and ! followed. to
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
To Cut Cardboard.

Cardboard Is used for so many pur-
noses that II n well to know how to
cut straight edges. Never use scis-
sors for the purpose. because that
makes ragged edges. First lay a
brass edged ruler on the cardboard
with brass edge upward. AS the ruler
h beyeled, the brass will be fraction
az an inch above the board when
properly placed. Now procure u yer.
harp penknife, hold the ruler hrlnl,
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
THE PLoTTERS.

synopsis-In q New York Jewelry
store Philip Severn, United states
consular agent, notices a small box
which attracts him. He purchases
IL. Later he discovers In a secret
compartment a writing giving q
clew to q revolutionary movement
IN this country ostensibly seeking
TO overthrow the Chilean govern
ment but evidently international In
character. The writing mentions
rendezvous, and Severn decides TO
investigate. Finding the place men
toned in the writing apparently de-
serted. Severn visits a saloon In
the vicinity. A woman In the place
Is met by q man, seemingly by APP
pointment. and Severn. his suspi-
cions aroused. follows them.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

blooms as hyacinths, lilies-Of- the val
ley, tuberoses, and even daffodils and
narcissus, should be carefully avoided.
me perfume Is said to be as danger.
Gus 10 person In critical state of
health as dose of morphine would
oe' without possessing the benefits
which that drug sometimes confers
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

and draw the knife alone the brass
edge. 10 not attempt To eui through
the cardboard the irst time. bul mere.
!! score II deeply. Now renmvp the
iuler and cut through the inciSon
The result VIII be as clean II cui edge
as picture dealer can make Oh his
hhnts.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
Fifty-Fifty ON q Million
(To BE CoNTIN, ..DD
"EIt for the Gods.

Fragrant woods have always been
held in highest estee..l among primi-
tive people and were considered es.
pccially pleasing to th sOds, ssys tho
American Forestry Magazine. Ac-
cording,y, they have figured prop,i-
nently in their rel'u,.s ceremonies
and burial rites. Sn"u- wood Is Of
the first rank.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
Jud runkln.

Jud Tunkins says your so-callea
GOOD loser Is usually no more than
man who has sense enough to keel
h's mouth shut.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
Flowers Not for Sick Room.

Flowers Not Tor Sick Room
All flowers growL from hulbs are
dangerous In rooms wher there Is
Illness. Although lunches # flowers
are ic"""'ahly taken to III. sick. su,l,
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01
CHAPTER ~.
Within the Factory Walls.

Within the Factory Walls.
l stood as though paralyzed, with
one foot uplifted, hand pressed
against the wall unable to move.
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

HE supply of button-holes
in this country will never
exceed tie supply of but
tons If Uncle Sam can
prevent it. The govern
ment has never taken a
census of button-holes in
the United States. but fed
eral enumerators in the
The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1921-07-01

The man whose on, thought is 70
.,imself has little u. for brains
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1921-12-14

ton. We read recently where a
man lost his straw hat, and with
SO he had stored away inside the
hat band. Another man gave a
boot-black a pair of shoes TO shine
and when too late remembered
that he had stuffed $1,000 in the
toes for safekeeping. And every
day we read of money stolen from
its hiding place under a rug or
mattress-the first place a burg
lar looks for valuables. But some
people simply can't profit by
these examples. They can't bring
themselves to realize that moth
ing in all the world is as safe
and secure as Liberty and War
Savings Stamps, and that bank
failures are now almost unheard
OF in this country. We're sorry
for these people-the kind who
are afraid TO trust their fellow
men. We're sorry for any one
who loses sleep-and the man
who can't trust his money into
the keeping of others usually
loses more or less sleep for fear
someone viii walk away with the
sugar bowl or the sock.-Antigo
Journal.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1921-12-14
The Sugar Bowl.

There are still some people
who still put their money away
in old stock or in the sugar bowl,
and refuse 10 trust it to Uncle
Sam or a good banking institu-
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1921-12-14
.NFALL OF SHELDON
3Ur upuious Mail
Ur houses

...efrH Of
-
ts - -
-- ~. - -
-
800
ol '',e 80, -
'-S.','s -.
{
.'.'N''e "
$50 :
- -.e. ,.'--u -
-s.-.11 a.
-~I.N,s
l'''''l ant
l-,o"n mSf-
@ a from the
~ pictures
"- lNe eA'..osS
metro Tan
merenandsse
an1 oi lFresis-
because OF a Price
tNas 1.a..e
diverted from tneir
tlese S~sh-
these snort
@ .ed eitiAenFy
N.E i'la1a''on On
mess WAS
@ ihs eoii'-
anu eo-oi'eia-
ienus en-
+" @ vac" ana the
af'is'lC~ily
paper ana col
90 a.. VINO was 2 past
a't oi cam
trashy mefehandise'
OF these
towns All TOO
@ miiiioh-
.1i1ns' neaIs
lless IN al
Vny TOO Wen
employed by the
snow TINS weak
nature ior
so won
an article aP-
NOT slinliiar TO-
--e Town %
' not so lohk
Town 'i'as
cracking goou
~" IN "i '',e
lA lne minus
s ana traetioh
were CONSTANT
loF the pur
tAe business
building sites
ana pans
'n the Town
ana one diiiereht
Il 'hen prosper
At us heieht'
h'E mail-order
making posi-
ana they en-
'l campaigns
4 some Of the
Hlers ana nome
n the nome
-otaeF mouse
mat the farmers
fAefs women
TOT many %
e.o1nes's'e-'
NepriVed OF IN
ana they 81"
4 ee 20 Fio them-
/. portion OF
.. mat haa oeeh
y. e.F store-rooii's
W years-nler-
usle=toWn mer-
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26
POWER COMPANY
SURCHAR|GlE|C CASE
VII WILL BE: HEARD
Mayer Will Go TO Fargo for
Hearing Before Judge
McKenna Friday.

". ]. Mayer. city attorney of Grand
Forks will 90 to Fargo Friday to
argue tho city's case against the Red
River Power Co. in connection with
tho surcharges now being collected
by the company from users OF gas and
electricity.
Tho case IL to be heard Jointly with
that of tho city Of Fargo against the
Union Light. Heat and Power COM
pany of that city.
Tho validity Of an order issued by
the state railway commission grant
ing tho company permission to impose
tho surcharge Is being attacked by
the two cities. Tho nj was heard
on afidavit in the district court and a
Temporary injunction issued against
the company. This was modified.
however. to permit tho collection Of
tho extra charge pending a final set
tisment Of thu ass providing that the
company fied a bond to insure the
reimbursement OF its patrons In the
event that 1T lost the ase
This was confirmed by the supreme
court.
In tho hearing today testimony Will
be taken t. determine whether or not
the state railway commission acted
according to law in issuing its order.
Judge McKenna Of Napoleon has
been called in to sit in tho a
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26
LOCAL MENTALK
AT CONVENTION
Many Doctors Attend An.
nual Meeting in Fargo.
Today and Friday.

DR.. G.. NJ. Williamson and DR.. r. d.
Campbell of this city were among the
speakers at the opening session of the
North Dakota State Medical society
in Fargo this morning. Other local
physicians who left here last night to
attend the convention were DR.. H.. M.
Wheeler, DR.. A. c. Dean, DR.. G. j.
Gislason. DR.. H. w. F. Law, DR.. II. ].
Friesen n DR.. M. B.. Ruud.
One hundred and thirty-eirht doc
tors of North Dakota are registered
for the meeting today, according to
word reaching here from Fargo this
afternoon. This is the saith annual
meeting of the association. "
According to the report given by
Secretary H. ]. Rowe, 3s9 physicians
OF the state are rated in good stand
ing with the association, and in sew
eral local societies. THE fact that so
many physicians of the state are not
associated with local societies to
which they rightfully belong, is n
to be regretted" DR.. Rowe said. Con.
tinuing he said:
The last American medical direc-
tory contained names of 54S phys;-
clans which means that more than
l50 or more than ~one-fourth Of the
doctors of the state are not associated
with medical associations of North
Dakota
The usual number Of malpractice
SUITS brought to harrass the medical
mans career, continue to come up
TOT settlement annually. So far this
year, he society has been called on
to pay the expenses of but one law
suit which amounted to $34o."
1t was announced on the conven-
tlon noor today that the second in
ternational eugenics congress requests
the presence of a delegate from the
North Dakota Medical ASSOCIATION.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26
LANDCOMPANY
DEMANDS HALT.
In PAVING PLAN
No Statement Has Yet Been
Made by City Following
Notice.

~. ~ t.rh 2.NF4FA 90 fHaG afGtg2 fLr Ia-+|E# EshAI
No formal statement has been made
as yet by the city administration in
regard to the notice served late We'd
nesday by the canada-North Dakota
Land Co.. that the pushing oflthe UNI
versity avenue paving project at this
time would be resisted in court If
necessary.
1t Is expected. however, that a
statement will be made in the course
OF the next day or two in the matter.
Unless some compromise is reached
in the matter the general impression
is that the city will continue with the
paving project unless prevented by
legal action on the part Of the land
In the notice served on the city late
Wednesday the objections, set forth to
the construction of the paving at this
time we're: First, that the improve
ment Is not local or special in the true
sense such Is justifes the imposition
OF special assessment to pay it cost:
second, that the cos Is excessive and
far in excess of the value of the prop
erty, and third, that within the very
near future the improvements can be
constructed at not to exceed 50 per
cent Of the present cost.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26
POPULAR COOKING
CLASSES MOVED TO
METHODIST CHURCH

The cooking demonstration and
lecture given by Miss Tyuer. I'M
der h auspices Of the Corn Products
Refining company arc growing even
more popular
Friday and Saturday the course
Will be concluded in the basement Of
the Methodist church at $40 a. n.
instead Of 1t the Guild Hall.
Without a single exception, the
ladies' who have been attending these
lectures and demonstrations claim
that they have gotten more informa-
ton from them than any similar
conrse they have ever taken.
All the latest and most improved
methods Of making salad prepara-
Itions, seasoning. sweetening. shorten
ing are demonstrated by Mis- Tyner.
Special stress 10 laid upon Kitchen
efhicency" and possible means are
demonstrated for conserving time.
strength and energy.
Miss Tyner 10 equipped with ma
'terial showing relative food values in
foods and viii be g1ad 10 answer any
questions that may be asked con.
earning food combinations and their
general effects. Ess,sss
These lectures and demonstration
zee = 5 SsSpS AES i'
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26
KEN TEMPLE
DAY FRIDAY
Many Mobiles Arriving for
m Which Takes
Place Tomorrow.

Tomorrow win be KEN Temple day
in Grand Forks. and judging from
the number Of Mobiles Of the Mystic
Shrine who already have come to the
city, there will, be an unusually large
number here for the ceremonial. The
days doings will start at 10 o'clock
Friday morning. when the seventy
1--WE or more candidates will report at
the Masonic Temple to get their life
numbers and their instructions for
the day. a
Al 2 o'clock all Mobiles are request
ed 10 report at the temple. The pa
rade. viii begin at 1850 o'clock. and
Immediately after the parade the
patrol will give q drill In front OF the
temple. Following the drill the cere-
montal will begin. Potentate NE.
Stricken again today called attention
to, the fact that there will be an en-
tirely new opening section, which will
begin immediately after the drill In
front OF the temple. H.
Al 6 O'Clock there will be q banquet
.for4a ali sShriners, following which the
ceremonial viii: lie completed. At 10
o'clock, the shrine ball In the audi
ttorium Will begin, 4 The bali first We
snnounced Is strictly formal aihair,
but Pptentate Stricken has made q
ruling that the dress suit, the ofiacial
habit OF d Ghriner. need not be worn
|ff the Noble has left II home.
|Thoas who have full dress suits avail-
able, however. ~ urged to wear
ts
The beautiful StudebAkAr Special
etx s With III California top, tsson
|exhibifion In the streets and Will
[hase q prominent plarS In the Shrine
paraAs5 ItornprrcW; Tina q VIII BE
one ~ the prt1ssT eivshYtwsyat ksia
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-26

= ! bu.inss.,i prrrsospIo,iition. . many man,
people View club work - Z sort Of
Amusement for boys and girls.
Productions ii not the principal
factor. Properly conducted. club
work should show a study Of the cost
Of producing any given commodity.
While W. cannot hope to solve mar
ketinE problems, we al study and
learn through experience the main
essentials of the marketing aSricul-
tural products.
Club work emphasizes business
management. It encourages COM
munity corporation, teaches economy
and thrift. develops local Leadership.
and promotes unselish competition.
It teaches the members That aSri-
culture is q real business with real
problems whose solution Is worthy Of
the keonest minds. It shows these
home agricultural problems to the
boys and GIRLS and gets them to
thinking about their solution early in
life,
we cannot ignore the idea that
boys and girls like to work together
and that the group plan Of club work
fosters local Leadership and local en-
1.-The work will not carry itself
alone. While we require the sanction
Of the parents, We need the active
support Of parents aud adult leaders"