davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
DISTINCT TYPE OF 1
CRIMINAL is FOUND

PITTSBURG, May IA new and
distinct type of criminal is supplant-
ing the old class of outlaws, detectives
and criminologists representing $50
agencies, We're told here recently when
Iions we're perfected to form the In
ternational Secret Service Association.
This new class, while far more bold
and daring lacks the ingenuity of the
old time criminal, it is said. Where
criminals in the past indulged in coun-
terfeiting, forgery and swindling
games that required patience to exc
cute. the newer and younger genera
ton. ranging in age from ~ to "a.
specialize in bank and mail robberies,
train holdups. payroll thefts and other
daring crimes, speakers declared.
With the object in view of combat
ting these criminals, the association,
tentatively formed at Chicago last
March, was organized formally here.
The organization includes nearly every
detective agency of importance in the
United States and will maintain offices
in foreign countries. A clearing house
will be established at Philadelphia
through which members may obtain
information gathered by individual ef-
fort and with the cooperation of state
and municipal authorities.
The officers elected at the Pitts
burgh meeting follow: j. b. Taylor,
Philadelphia, president; F. E. Boke,
first vice president; Toronto, Can.
John 4. Ferris. second vice president
milwaukee,; F. H. Smiley, Chicago, sec
retary and James f. Quigley, Indian
'apolis, treasurer.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
LOCAL LEGION
DELEGATES
TO STATE MEET
Francis B. Carter, Jr., and
Robert Stout to Represent
Frank MarstOn Post.
ENDORSEMENT OF THE
BUSTO BILL is URGED
Effort Will Be Made to Bring
the Next Convention
to Pensacola.

Frank Marston post, American Leg
ion will be represented at the state
convention, at Orlando, on May 18th
and 18th by Francis B. Carter, Jr., and
Robert Stout, who left on the east
bound train last night.
A big time is promised at the con-
vention, and much business is booked
to come before the delegates.
The local post has instructed it's
delegates to vote for the endorsement
of the Busto bill now before the state
legislature, and to bring the next con-
vention to Pensacola without fail.
The following invitations has been
sent out by the Orlando contingent:
Everything is ready and the goose
hangs high!
"Of course you are going to the
American Legion convention In Or
lando, The City Beautiful, May 10th
and 18th. If you don't you'll be miss
ing big time, for they are putting on
dances, ball games, supDers, enter
tainments of all sorts, and there won't
be dull minute during the whole con-
vention.
They have made all sorts of ar
rangements for taking care of the Wis
lung LeglonaireS ana tnelr 1rlendS, ana
each and every guest will be assured
of comfort and pleasure accommoda-
tions.
1.-TWO thousand, five hundred dollars
is the bill for one supper to be served
to the visitors. Makes you hungry to
think about it! And after the sup
per comes firew0Fks, vaudeville stunts,
music and dancing! They seem to
have thought Of everything that comes
under the head of good times. Don't
miss it! Come and enjoy everything
they have to offer. You'll never find
a heartier welcome anywhere. Or
lando is awaiting the coming of all
Florida eX-service men and women and
the city is open to them.
Make your plans to accept this in
vitation, we want you"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
SENORITAS BEING
OUSTED BY MEN

MEXICO CITY, May 14.-Pretty-
faced senoritas who have been en-
ployed in. government offices. princi-
pally because of the pleasant smile
they gave department heads, are to be
ousted from their present positions
and men are to take their places, ac-
cording to a recent official announce
ment. After President Obregon's re-
cent order that every cabinet officer
must investigate the worthiness of his
employees, it was discovered that hun
dreds of girls were drawing federal
pay with duties that called for only
occasional work.
All such are to be discharged, pro-
vision being made. however. that they
shall be retained if they are assist
ing in the support of their parents or
other near relatives.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15

and the picturesqueness OF Its people.
Ha was a delightful chap and l con-
fess that / lost my heart to him. we
were married quietly.
whether the. prince will become
king of Albania, is not certain. 1t is
well known in diplomatic circles that
the problem of finding a satisfactory
ruler is hard one. The prince is
the natural ruler and is mapping out
his course in Paris and London now.
Picture Of Albania
"Albania is the toughest country In
the Balkans, a country Of wild noun
tains, entirely without railroads. me
only towns are situated on the coast
of the Adriatic. The entire popula-
ton is less than 100000.
.The people consist mainly OF fierce
walking arsenals or
rifles and knives. They are Moham-
medans in religion and confirmed
The princess explained that short
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
Widow of Ralph Thomas Bids
Fair to Attain Title Higher
Than That Held by For
mer Mrs. Leeds.
(By r. II. WHITNEY,

NEW YORK, May Ill have just
talked with a woman who may be the
first American to be addressed as
''Your Majesty" She is the Princess
vlora, formerly Mrs. Helen Kelly
Gould and more recently Mrs. Ralph
Thomas.
If she attains the throne of Albania,
as seems possible, she bids fair to
eclipse socially Princess Anastasia, of
Greece, formerly Mrs. William B.
Leeds, who through her marriage to
Prince Christopher, Of Greece. has
climbed the royal ladder higher than
any other American woman.
Princess V1ora is in New York ION
business" while her royal consort.
Prince ylora. Is at their house in Paris,
arranging plans. to ascend the throne
Of his grandfather.
The father of Vlora. Ferid Pasha, is
prime minister to Abdul Hamid, and
is working quietly with Turkish lead
ers.
Prefers Paris
What will you do in Albania, where
most of the men are polygamists and
addicted to bloody feuds?" I asked her
in her apartment in the Hotel Lenorie.
Il don't know" she said, smiling,
perhaps remain most of the time in
my Paris home with my two children
Helen, who's 10, and Dorothy, who's
17-who are now in school in Switzer-
land"
The princess was Helen Margaret
Kelly, granddaughter of the million
aire New York banker, Eugene Kelly.
She was married at Is to Frank Jay
Gould and after divorcing him mar
ried Ralph Thomas, son of the sugar
king. After a brief married life, he
died suddenly in 1914, leaving her sew
eral millions.
Served As War Nurse
During the war she sailed for Paris,
where she became war nurse. While
recuperating in Switzerland, she told
me, she met Prince Vlora, who was
brooding over the fate of Albania and
meditating schemes for its restora-
tion.
..He told me sad stories of Albania" !"
she continued. :. of its wild scenery
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15

ly before the war Prince William of
Wied, with German and Austrian
backing, succeeded in getting INSTALL
ed as king OF Albania at Durazzo.
He never succeeded, she said, in win
ming the allegiance Of the mountain
eers. because Essad Pasha and local
chieftains We're hostile to him. SO he
returned to Germany.
Since then the Italians have occu-
pied more Of Albania and Joined hands
with the allies, operating from Sa-
loniki. -
Aiding Husband
Il am here to assist my husband in
my own way" Princess Vlora said. IF
he wants the throne he can have 1t.
I am very much in love with him
and viii help him ali I can, but I
think 1 would prefer to spend most of
my time in Paris.
My mission here is to rest and to
see certain friends on certain matters
of importance"
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15

EMPIRE LAUNDRY COMPANY
"nere Linen Lasts"--Is q phrase that
,"niliar to every man, woman, boy
~ sui In Pensacola. This slogan was
"oped by the Empire Laundry COM
y located at 22 North Palafox
"ee'' at the time it opened, some
VTr'een years ago.
"uer the direction of w. c. Mackey
s Enterprise was a success from the
-, s"an'ng. Modern machinery, with
Nj. ,esard to cost was first installed:
poncy continues to prevail and no
no b'"se Is spared to give customers
f, ,"uvantage of every Improvement
tn rS'phent or supplies.
Se ,SS laundry has in connection one
nr o eS' and most up-to-date clean
lound uyeing plants that can be
M S..u anywhere.
sod tsp"per space has been freely
ms enterprising concern and
'praco 'rSuIt they enjoy large pat
3lori1. rom nearly every town in West
Me-. and have regular customers
aro,,ns Carolina, Mississippi, South
L tbs e ,nan forty people are employed
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
CUSTER MASSACRE
SURVIVOR is DEAD

SITkA, ALASKA, May 14.-George
Gee, Chinese, former army cook, who
was one of the few survivors of the
Custer massacre, died here recently.
Because of Gees military services, the
Sitka post of the American Legion
conducted the old Chnaman's funeral.
Records show that Gee, after serv-
ing the army, was a cook in the navy
twenty years. He came to Alaska
several years ago. Gee, telling of tho
custer massacre, said he escaped
death because the general had detailed
him to look after the baggage Of the
command.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
A FTER PITCHED BATTLES PEACE AGAIN
RESTORED IN THE MINGO COAL FIELDS
CURTAILED NEWS
SERVICE ACCOUNT
AURORA BOREALIS

The telegraph news service Of The
Journal was crippled last night on
account of the effect of the Aurora
Borealis on the wires and telegraph
instruments.
The intimate connection between
the Aurora Borealis (Northern lights)
and the magnetism of the earth is
shown by various facts. During the
occurrence of the phenomenon the
magnetic needle appears, very much
disturbed, sometimes deviating sew
eral degrees from it's normal posi-
tion, and appearing to be most af-
fected when the aurora is brightest;
and this oscillation is frequently per-
ceived far beyond the district where
the aurora Is seen.
Cuba, approximately, marks the
southern limits of the Aurora Borea-
lis Gin the northern hemisphere),
though occasional displays have been
noticed further south.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
Harding Proclaims Martial
Law In MInso County.

WASHINGTON, May 14.-Proclama-
ions were signed by President Hard
ing late today declaring a state of
martial law in Mingo county, West
virginia, and Pike county, Kentucky,
along the interstate border, the area
effected by the coal strike riots. The
proclamations were turned over to
Secretary OF War Weeks to be issued
hould reports from the troubled reg
on make such action necessary.
AT the war department orders were
prepared Immediately after the signing
II the proclamations, informing MAJ
zen. George w. Read, commanding the
nth corps area and Fort Benjamin
harrison, Indiana, of the presidents 8
ction and ordering him to hold a suf-
icient number Of troops in readiness
70 move to make martial law effec-
I've In the area comprehended by the
Presidents proclamations.
When President Harding decided on
ne drastic action, as a result of con-
erences with Secretary Weeks, and
senator Sutherland. of West Virginia, !,
was contendod that the proclamai-
Ions should be issued immediately. A
|eW moments ofter they were signed
'owever, telegram was received at
he white house from Governor Nor
low. of Kentucky, announcing that the
ituation looked better and the state
roops had been ordered to patrol the
kentucky side of the border.
1t was this information that caused
he postponement of the issuance of
/ he proclamations.
President Harding was influenced q,
Is decision, it was understood bv his
conversation with Senator Sutherland
ne senator took to the white house q
lumber of appeals from citizens of
Vest Virginia declaring that the situa-
Ion was beyond the control of the
tate authorities and that federal aid
vas necessary. One telegram from
Il. Wilson, at Huntington, said the
eople Of Matewan, w. Va, were being
shot down like rats.
Earlier in the day, Secretary Weeks
ad transmitted to the president tele-
rams from the governors OF Kentucky
Continued orr Page Two)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
PLANS
A CELEBRATION

MEXICO CITY, May 14.-Mexico viii
celebrate the centenary of its indepen-
dence next September and elaborate
plans are being made for the event.
President Obregon has announced that
special invitation will be extended
to King Alfonso of Spain to be pres
ent, and although a general welcome
will be extended, the countries which
have recognized Mexico will be accord
ed special honors.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
BANKRUPTCIES IN
BRITAIN INCREASE

LONDON, May 14.-There, is a great
increase in the number OF bankruptcies
which have been gazetted by the board
of trade during the last three months.
753 having been listed against 3lo Tor
the corresponding period in 1920.
For years before 1910, the number OF
never dropped below A.
600 annually.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
EXEMPTIONS REFER
TO ONE MAN CARS
(By JOHN c. TRICE)

TALLAHASSEE. May 1.-THE OK
emption placed on the Rowland bill
while on second reading applied only
TO the type of street cars known ass
one man cars, and not to all electrical
ly driven cars as reported
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15

Mean ...-.....---..T1 NorTndi .'.ss.- -
Mean same date last year, 74
Accumulated excess this year TO date,
SO.
Highest of record for May, SO degrees.
Lowest of record for May, IA degrees.
Rainfall.
For "a hours ending Z p. m. e03.
Normal for this month to p. M, 1.TS
Normal for May, 2.68 inches.
Accumulated deficiency this year TO
date. l.S9.
Humidity.
a. M. 81 IL noon, IS p, m. II
Barometer.
IA rn. 1904 u. M. 29.99.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
THE WEATHER TODAY

PENSACOLA AND VICINlTY-PartIy
cloudy and somewhat cooler in interior
Sunday; Monday cloudy.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
u. S. WEATHER REPORT.

Il tHsdCOla, May 10.
Sunrise 4:J5 a. IN.
Sunset 6:35 D. m.
Moonrise 12:45 p III.
Moonset 12:45 a. m.
Next phaze of the
moon. full moon, May
2lst.
High tide All p. IN.
Low tide =. 2:08 D. IN.
Yesterdays Weather
TEMPERATURE
Dry Wet
Bulb Bulb
z a. m. -. ss s. s.
z p. m. E. sS 6S
.78 Lowest .....-..64
II Normal II
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
National Guard Ordered Out.

FRANKFORT, KY, May 1.-two
of Kentucky national
guardsmen late today were ordered to
Ky. in Pike county, where a
state of virtual war has been on for
he last two days.
Gov. Edwin r. Morrow issued the
order when 1t appeared that United
states troops would not be sent to the
district at the present time.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
HELPING PENSACOLA

vie zach day, In this space, The Journal
N. lssaI,s sNs condensed history Of one Of
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1921-05-15
LITTLE FIRING
IS REPORTED IN
BATTLE REGION
Efforts Are Being Made by
Authorities to Arrange
Truce for Peace.
NATIONAL GUARDSMEN
ORDERED TO SCENE
President Declares a State of
Martial Law in MingO
County,
GUARDSMEN
ORDERED TO SCENE
10y Tho Associated Press)

WILLIAMSON, w. Va, May a.
Relative peace has been restored to-
night to the mountains and valleys of
NIingo county, West Virginia and Pike
county, Kentucky, after pitched in
dustrial battle that had lasted since
Thursday morning.
Only desolutory firing was going on
tonight at isolated points. and authori-
ties reported that efforts were being
made to arrange q truce.
The New York herald., 1921-07-25
SHIPPING NEWS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE WORLl

proceeded 10 ST Nazaire. where she Is ex-
pected to go into dry dock.
Str Huron, due here about July 90 from
Turks Island. has on board captain and crew
OF aux schr General Pershing. which was
wrecked near Turks Island July IL: all we'll
on board
HOLYHEAD, July of-Str West Totant,
Liverpool July 20 for New orleans. put into
this port to-day with machinery trouble
weasel proceeded on the I'D
MEXICO CITY. July a3--schr Leora NJ
Thurlow, small American owned sailing
vessel loaded with fruit, is reported to have
sunk off the coast OF Yucatan on July IL.
when she struck a reef near the Island OF
Cozumel: crew saved.
NAPLES, July 25-Str Pocahontas, which
was damaged during her recent voyage 10
this port from New York. allegedly by mem
bers of her crew, has completed repairs, and
II Is expected the steamer will sail for New
York on July 81 with 500 passengers, all
Americans. A great deal OF cotton waste
was found In the steamers pumps, but other
wise she suffered only slight damage
NEW on I.EANS, La. Julv 2i--Shipping
Board str Cliffwood. on leaving this port
here to-day, ran aground on bar on the
west bank of the river when the steering
gear failed no serious damage.
ST JOHNS, NF. July - = Str seirstad
CNor). Bell Island NF, for Rotterdam. with
iron ore, before reported in collision with an
iceberg, was not seriously damaged and is
continuing on her voyage.
TUl.yS ISLAND. July 24--Schr Acadian
destroyed ~ fire Saturdaysnisht The crew
was saved. The vessel was partly laden
with salt. s7he cause OF the fire is not
known.
The New York herald., 1921-07-25

officer gave them the needed money and
was invited TO dine with them. The
dinner was splendidly served, including
champagne. The landlord had to renew
his threats. but in vain. The rent money
had paid for the dinner.
All Americans here love the Russians
and do much TO help them, but taose
with experience have ceased making
heavy sacrifices to do so. The incurable
optimism OF the Russian leads him 10
build air castles ana into foolish acts
that haze to be paid for In cold cash.
When his optimism is exhausted the
Russian is so pessimistic he takes to
the river. Many young men have COM
mitted suicide here. Their families In
France and England and italy send
them money to Join them, they spend
the money for champagne or silk socks
or what not and when the money is
exhausted they shoot or drown them
selves.
The devotion and the childlike cheer
fulness OF the Russian women here Is
a source OF constant wonder to Amer
leans Many of them have forgotten
they were countesses or princesses and
have gone TO work. Their cbaYtty to
one another surpasses beltpf. xhoy vii
pawn their last jewel to heb friend.
The correspondent found one woman
selling her eyeglasses to help a friend
and doing II without thought of making
special sacrifice.
The New York herald., 1921-07-25

Marie Maersk DAM. Baltimore: Fiums
(ltaD, Trieste; Orizaba, Corunna.
NThe reported arrival of str Mayaro. from
fort spain. was an error.)
Arrived 23d, schr Harry G. Deerlng, Ban
gor.
Sailed ed. str Munindies, Baltimore.
sailed sd. strs Myrnidon (Br), Cristobal:
burnholme (Br, ST Vincent; Progresc
Dam. Llverpool Maysri (Br. Kngston
Angela (spl. Alicante; Celebes (Dutch)
Newport News; Point Adams. Savannah.
PORT ARTHUR. Tex. July 23-Arrived
strs Japan Arrow. Providence; Winfred
Galveston: Atlantic Sun. Philadelphia.
Sailed 23d. strs Radioiene. Norfolk: Gulf
KING, Norfolk: Georgia. Fall River; Light
Durne, Norfolk; Gulftrade, Galveston.
PENSACOLA, Fla. July 23-Sailcd. str I'm
Gijon.
PHILADELPHIA. Pa, July 24-Arrived
strs II 9 Folger. Texas City; Tashmoo. New
York; Sinsinawa. do: Liberator do: Cheste,
Sailed 23d. strs Manchester Exchange (Br)
81 John, NIB; Svartfond (Nor), Copenhagen
w M Irish. Port Arthur.
Sailed 24th. strs Cristobal. Cristobal
Mount Vernon (Nor). Port Arthur.
SAN FRANCISCO. Cal. July 23--Arrived
str Steel Ranger. New York.
SAILED 23d. str Chile tDanl. Copenhagen.
SEATTLE. Wash. July 22-Arrved. stI
Stanley Dollar, New York
Sailed 23d. strs Steel Worker. Europe
West Camargo. Australia via Port Angeles
SAVANNAH, Ga. July 23-Arrived, tug w
Keene. with barge Chetaw. New York.
Sailed 3d. strs Exeter City (Br). London
and Bristol: Cardigan (BrI, Havre and
Hamburg .Hekla cDan). Aarhuus; Bay
TAMPA. Fla. July 23-Arrived. schr Jo-
Sephine McQuesten, Baltimore.
The New York herald., 1921-07-25
RUSSIAN REFUGEES
CARELESS OF CASH
Some of Them Utterly Obliv-
iOus of Value Of Funds
Given for Relief.
RESULTS ALMOSTt COMIC
Baron Squandered Money He
Got From Chicago and Is
Still MarOOned.
RESULTS ALMOST COMIC

CoSsTANTTNoPLE. July 2'.--The Rus
sian temperament is proving a serious
obstacle to American and other relief
and charitable organizations here. In
dlvidual Americans trying to help Rus
sian refugees often give up in despair.
The Russian may be described as
money blind. He Is careless with his
own money and with that OF others.
Thousands of Russian refugees arrived
here with plenty of gold money. furs.
Jewels and portable valuables. Without
a thought for the morrow. they lived for
a time In the best hotels until the money
was exhausted and the valuables
pawned.
Then the hotel proprietors asked them
to leave and they went cheerfully to
live in squalid bystreet. not only ex-
pectant but confident the Americans or
some other good souls would care for
them. And often 1t is DONE
One Of the tragedy-comedies of the
foreign colony here Is the story Of the
attempts Of a Russian General TO get his
The New York herald., 1921-07-25

Sailed 23d. strs Houna, Norfolk: Pietro
Gori utaD. Gibraltar tfor orders); cape
May. Norfolk:f Richconcal. Mobile.
Sailed 24th, strs Swazic (Br), st John, NIB 4;
Algic. Hamburg and Bremen.
BRUNSWICK, Ga. July 23-Arrived, str
Lake Fillmore. New York via Wilmington
Sailed a3d. schr Geo w Eizey. Jr tfrom
cHAKLEsToN. SC. July es-Arrived. strs
lenorah. Jacksonville tand proceeded for
sssd ssd srs saoS aas'ss LoaaGn Sspr G nS
Cherry. New York
GALVESTON. Tex, July 2s-Arrived, strs
IN, ssns 1P He% York cranioHa srase Moos H
lonica
Arrived 2sd. str vincenzo Florio utaD.
Sailed I'D. strs Glcntworth (Brl. Bremen;
Mabriton (Br). Hamburg; Ei Norte. New
York; comal. do; Gaute (Norl, Pensacola.
saiis6 sd l.. str moly9ne Ta,,eo snidse Drsmeh
JAcKsoNViiIiLE. e. ria. July 23-Arrived.
str Essex. philadelphia.
MOBILE. Ala. July cs-Arrived. str
Sailed 23d. strs Hampton Roads. Tampico ,
Lom lNorl, Cuban ports. :.
NEW ORLEANS, La. July 23..-Arrived
panviIie' M oSTs Mexiec: HUDSON cTr, France Paul
Paix (Br). Halifax.
Arrived oath. strs Gunny tNor?. Progreso;
|
New York: IT Waring. Savannah; Omoa
(Hond). Tela; Panoll. Tampico; Polarine.
New York, sacandaga. Beaumont Yoro
QIond). Ceiba
Sailed 23d. str Ciiffwood.. Rotterdam.
Sailed from Port Eads o3d. strs ComrN.
New York; Copan (Hond). Tela: Ninan
(Br), Liverpool; sosua (Nor). Tela.
Sailed from Port Eads gath, strs Agwisea
London. Blaaifjeld ! (Nor). Vera Cruz;
Baja California (Nor). Frontera Barcelona
(Sp). Barcelona; Coahuila Mex, Vera
Cruz Corning. Tampico; Durango. Brest:
Excelsior. Havana; George II Jones. New
York; Lake Floravista. Cuban ports; Man
zanillo. Vera Cruz; Motapan, Bocas del
Toro Napieriap dBr). Antwerp; Nevlsan
(B), Liverpool; Poljana (Norl, do; Sara
macca, Port Barrlos: Seattle Maru tJap).
Yokohama Tegucigalpa CHond), Ceiba: bark
Monte Nero QtaD, Italy.
NEWPORT NEWS, Va, July 23-Arrived.
str William A McKenny. Liverpool.
Sailed 23d, strs Lucgen (Br). New Or
leans: Beacon Grange (Br). Argentine ports
Galiic (Br). London; schr M 0 Crowell (Br) /.
NORFOLK, Va, July 23-Arrived, strs