davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
JAP NEGOTIATION
REPORT HELD UP
BY international News Service

WASHINGTON, Feb. 10-"Sub-
stanual progress" has been made
in the negotiations for a new agree
ment between the United States and
Japan. according to a letter which
Sec'y Of State Colby sent 10 Sen.
Lodge, OF Massachusetts,, chairman
Of the foreign relations committee.
Sec'y Colby however, declined to
transmit to the committee any pa
pers in the negotiations. The for
eign relations committee had re-
quested a copy Of the agreement.
which was supposed to have been
reached by the United States and
Japan.
No agreement has been reached
Sec'y Colby said. and thus II was
not possible for him 10 comply with
the senate's request for copy
Of the agreement"
Communication OF a record which
amounts practically TO a prelimin-
airy comparison Of views would be
premature and tend TO defeat rather
than aid the eventual reaching Of
an agreement, the secretary Of state
said. After first stating that the
letter would not be made public
sen. Lodge decided TO publish It.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
INSISTS FORD IS
TAKING STEPS TO
GET MOREF FUNDS
By international News Service:

NEW YORK. Feb. 10.-"The Ford
Motor Car Co. plans to do some
financing within the next 80 days,
denials from Detroit notwithstand-
ing" said a story sent out today by
the Dow Jones News Ticker service,
Wall st. agency. 1T is the UNDER
standing that a public offering Of
securities will be made by a syndi-
cate of bankers.
Henry Ford has heavy federal
taxes to meet March 10 and a sub
stantial block Of his outstanding
notes will mature around that date
as well. While there is little ques-
ton that the bankers holding this
paper stand ready to renew it. it is
stated the Ford Motor Car Co.'s re-
quirements are greatly in excess of
those maturities.
THE amount is mentioned at $751;
600. 900 although it is estimated that
$50, 100000 will see him through for
while at least"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
Can't Sing? Whistle,
Is Minister'S Plan

BOSTON. Feb. 1Ol--''we will now
whistle Keep on the Sunny Side q"
That's the way DR. David NJ
Lockrow, leader Of the fremont
Temple brotherhood, announces
church hymns
Timidity and a frog in the throat
keep many men from singing right
out in meeting. So the minister tells
'em to whistle if they can't sing.
Whistling became so popular with
the 500 members Of the brotherhood
that songs are whistled at every
meeting.
Now they call Dr. Lockrow 1.-THE
whistling parson."
Rev. John II. Thompson Of the
Baptist church at Portland. Me.
has started whistling in his church.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
LEGION ACCEPTS
COMMERCE OFFER

CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNE)
Dame, Johnny sabo of Illinois, and
Kenneth Award Of Indiana univer-
stiles would appear in his lineup.
The ladies' auxiliary Of the Legion,
With the aid of the Legion enter
tainment committee will aid in Sc
curing suitable roomfng conditions
for the visiting athletes when the
tournament is staged.
Rep. Beyler Talks.
Rep. Beyler, in the state legisla-
ture of Indiana, an active member
of the local post, in a short talk pre-
dicted the passage Of the Newman
bill. which viii provide an appropri-
alton of several million dollars for a
| permanent state memorial TO be
/ erected in Indianapolis for national
headquarters of the American Lee
glon. He also predicted that the
Sherwood bill legafizing boxing in
the state would be passed. The
I Sherwood bill has had its second
reading and. although opposed by
Blue Law" reformers, is expected
TO become a law.
The athletic bill offered by the
athletic committee was q decided
success in every manner. The five
boxing bouts and the one wrestling
bout We're exceptionally good.
Swell Athletic Bill.
The first bout OF the evening
brought together two prominent
local business men. Otis Romine
and E. f. Beck glared at and hit
each other with a zest that younger
athletes might we'll emulate. Neither
mad any decided advantage and the
bout was a good draw
The Smith-zanger wrestling bout
was a corker while it lasted Both
I lads exhibited q surprising degree Of
perfection in mat work and it was
not until Zanger got a paralyzing
fuu Nelson on Smith that the out
come of the bout was certain.
lee Wins.
Howard Lee. II. $. Navy. gained a
decision over Alex Funston. Army.
by virtue OF his harder hitting abil-
ity. Whitley Clemens outpointed his
brother Art in fast setto.
Ben Dribbin and Jack Bird sta ged
q good card Bird had whatever ad-
vintage could be given. but a draw
would be a just decision.
Barth Best amateur
Dan Barth and Steve Niebar. 155
/ Founders, staged the best bout of
the evening. Barth has a lightning
ike left jab and repeatedly found
F his opponents face for telling blows.
Niebar ass.milated "a lot OF pun
ishment and must be given credit
for his gameness. Barth hit with
everything but the water-bUcket and
easily won the decision.
All Of the bouts were two-ninute
three round affairs with the excep-
zion OF the wrestling bout. which
lasted eight minutes.
Chairman l.. l.. Beck. Of the ath-
letic committee, announced that sac
was collected in the votive contribu-
lions received For the purchasing OF
suitable ring raphernalia for the
amateur athletic carnival 20 be
staged by the Legion ia their new
headquarters i'm the Chamber Of
Commerce building in April.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
KIWANIANS PLAN
PARTY FOR WIVES
Feature Will Be Observed
Feb. 24--May Revive
Mishawaka Chapter.

Women's night for Kiwanians will
be observed Feb. "a. II was an
nourced at the Thursday noon
luncheon of the organization. r.
+. Black, Of the Millmore corp.
was the oral booster and described
the process OF making buffing
wheels out OF waste canvas. Will
lam Multer, Philadelphia, gave two
vocal solos.
The Kiwanis club endorsed the
city planning and coming bill now
before the Legislature. following "A
talk by William Happ on the merits
of the measure. ATTEMPTS to re-
yive the AIishawaka Kiwanis club
will be made if sentiment expressed
at the Thursday luncheon is carried
out.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
YIN GREAT FIGHT
OYER PRIMARY Law
CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNE)

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.)
the repeal of the primary, will
sponsor the elimination of the pres
idenital primary feature.
The pro-primary men, however.
led by Edward c. Toner and Sen.
John s. Alldredge. Of Anderson,
may press for further notifications
II they are successful in winning
compromise in tomorrow's meeting
They are hoping TO see the law
changed TO provide for a plurality
instead of a majority vote. and also
to give candidates an opportunity
to place watchers in the polling
places. II they win the preliminary
tilt it is considered likely that.
flushed with success, they may go
down the line in the senate for the
other amendments
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
Father and Son Banquet
Held at Christian Church

A father and son boy scout week
banquet was held at Thursday eve
ming at the Indiana av. Christian
church. The banquet was given
under the auspices Of the Philasar
society Of the church. George
Enrich acted as toastmaster of the
evening and short talks were given
by Mr. Whittinger and Rose White.
Following the banquet the boys
of the troop gave an exhibition Of
the scout work taught to them dur
ing the year.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE)
chase that Bergdoll. stopping over
in Philadelphia to visit his mother,
indicted with him, eluded his soldier
guards and slipped away In the
same automobile he had used many
times for speeding.
Cot Gold From Treasury.
Mr.. McAvoy testified there was no
doubt about the fact that BergdoIl
got the gold from the treasury. In
expressing belief that no high ofi-
cials OF the war department had
been corrupted he said he was
equally positive that the draft
dodEer had not escaped through
political influence. He declined.
however. TO express an opinion in
view Of mis- close study OF the case.
regarding the wisdom OF the war
department in permitting release of
the prisoner under guard.
The district attorneys testimony
related TO many circumstances long
ago revealed in connection with the
story Of Bergdoll. Describing the
legal tactics OF the former rriso-
ner's mother, Mr.. McAv0y indicated
that a Philadelphia lawyer. wise
enough 20 solve any court problem.
could not satisfy the woman. who
constantly traded one attorney for
another. After Mrs. BergdOl had
paid out S12.50O I'm fees, she qui,
cold. ne said, and left Grover alone
with his plan Of buyins his free
dom. From Mr.. McAvoy the COM
mlttee obtained a definite statement
az 70 the disposition Of the S12.50O.
Big Lawyers Fees.
Five thousand OF this amount. he
said. went 20 Samuel Ansdel. for
mer Judge advocate general or the
army. FIVE thousand 20 Glbbony. the
sum OF s1.25O 20 former Judge J.
J. ". Westcott. OF Pennsylvania. a
little 20 an alienist and a little less
20 a lawyer in New York
Mr. McAvoy said he was convinc-
ed that the lawyers had been
grossly deceived. declared they
stood 20 win more by obtaining his
release than BY permitting him TO
svade sentence.
The committee viii endoavo- e.
get early action in The house on the
Kahn BILL The hearing Thursday
was only the skimming Of the sur
face, but. as Mr. Kahn explained.
Il went deep enough az times 20 see
the possibility of startling dlsclos-
ures behind the whole story Of the
millionaire who would not fight IN
der the American flag
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
OrphGHage Scout Troop
BGnqueted at Local "Y''

The Boy Scout troop OF the Or
phans Home was entertained Thurs
day evening at a banquet rendered
by paternal business men OF the city
In the Y. NJ. G. A. Walter O'Keefe
entertained with Sc me songs and
stories, which excited their childish
interest 10 a high degree, and
short talks were given by Carl Hib-
berd and Fred Dennis.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
HOTELS IN CHICAGO
CUT DINING PRICES
By international News Service:

CHICAGO, III, Feb. 10.-Man-
ayers Of three big downtown hotels
Thursday announced reductions of
from 10 to 80 percent in menu
prices. Declining food prices, par
ticularly eggs. caused the revision
they said. Hotel restaurant prices
here now are on a 1915 level, it
was announced.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11

Funeral services for Mrs. Eliza
beth Shafer will be held from her
home in Granger Sunday afternoon
at / o'clock. and from the First
Presbyterian church at 1890 o'clock.
Rev. Jones. Of Edwardsburg, Mich,
and Rev. Kennedy, Chicago, will Of
fciate. Burial will be in Harris
Prairie cemetery.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
STARTLED?

Residents of the business section
Of the city were startled shortly be
fore u o'clock last night when
volley of shots were fired from an
enclosed automobile which was
speeding north on Michigan st. Po-
lice officials believe that the shoot
ing was done by mischievous young
men since each shot was fired into
the air.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
MRS. ELIZABETH sJIAFFER.

Mrs Eliza beth Shaffe-. widow Of
Peter shaner, died at her home in
Granger wednesday morning at
1855 o'clock. She was born Feb. 10,
1874 and is survived by her daugh-
ter Ida. and son A. Shaffer.
Funeral services will be held at
the home Friday afternoon at l
o'clock and at o'clock at the
Granger Presbyterian church. Rev.
o. Trinity, of Chicago. and Rev.
Benjamin Jones, Of Granger, will be
in charge Of the ceremonies and
burial viii be in Harris Prairie
cemetery.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11

Word has been received by Mrs.
A. vs.. Bowman, 618 DUbail av., Of
the death, Thursday morning Of her
husband A. w. Bowman. at North
Manchester, Ind. A son, c. w. Bow
man. of this city, also survives. Mr..
Bowman was married to Mrs. Bow
man. formerly Miss Emma Stude-
baker. OF South Bend, in 1875. The
funeral services will be held Sunday
afternoon at North Manchester.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
GEORGIA TOWN
DESTROYED BY
SWEEPING GALE
CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.)

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE)
Central of Georgia local freight
train, running from Savannah to
Macon, arrived on the scene. The
conductor Immediately ordered the
locomotive detached from the train
and with the crew FASTENED TO
Tennille, eleven miles away for aid
Coaches were Communicated from
the Wrightsville and Tennille rail-
road and four doctors and As per-
sons were obtained in the relief par
ty and the train returned there.
Doctors found one negro boy with
a board driven into his forehead.
They removed the board and gave
temporary aid. The youth was alive
and it is believed he will live. The
body Of a three year old negro in
FAINT was found at the roots OF a
tree, the top of which had been
twisted off, The child's head had
been crushed in, having been car
ried head foremost from its home
against the tree.
A negro man and his wife were
found more than a hundred yards
from their home, lying side by side
in the road, both dead.
Find Bodies i'm frees.
The bodies of several small ne
groes were found in trees. out Of
the path Of the tornado, suspended
on the limbs by their clothing. The
bodies Of several grown negroes
were thrcwn into a field in a semi
circle and in the center of the group
was a goat, standing like a statue
too frightened to move for hours
after the storm had passed.
Six oak trees along the railroad
were snapped off at different
heights. on top of one of these
stumps, 20 feet from the ground,
was a pillow from the bed of one
Of the wrecked homes.
According to residents Of the COM
munity the clouds lowered just as
the employees of the lumber plant
left their work for dinner. The at
mosphere became extremely hot and
because of the darkness in many
homes lamps had been lighted when
the tornado broke.
Blows Box Cars.
One person on the outer edge Of
the storm-swept path. who escaped
injury declared he saw a string Of
box ears moving toward him. Then
as suddenly, he said, the box cars
were reversed and when he looked
again they were again coming to-
ward him. These cars were said 10
have been blow from the rails.
Chickens that escaped death in
the path Of the storm were in many
instan ces plucked Of their feathers.
There were many animals killed.
Many Of the injured are being cared
for in nearby towns and word was
received from Atlanta that nurses
with food and medical supplies are
being sent here.
The tornado developed during a
period Of heavy rains throughout
this entire section All rivers are
at flood stage and still rising and
brief advices from Thomson tonight
said there had been a cloudburst
/ there.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
FEDERAL AGENT
AND OFFICERS
RAID ELKH4RT

CONTINUED FROM PAGE oNE)
circles here, expressed surprise at
the amount OF whisky found in the
raids. Althou ehtig bsshoii xooN
raids. Although Il had been be-
lieved that liquor has been brought
here during the last few weeks it
was not known that Il was SO plenti-
ful OF that it could be found in the
d0Wntwon soft drink parlors.
Most OF the places raided we're
located in the business section OF
the city.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
NnnnR EESrINAI-

Announcement was made Thurs
day by lodge No. 426, Improved
Order of Redmen, that the lodge
will hold an indoor festival begin
ming the week of Feb. 25. in the
hall over the Merchants bank bldg
Free acts. dancing and a Redmen's
popularity contest are on the pro-
gram.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
roRD nEAI.ERs MEET.

The regular monthly iuncheon Of
the Ford dealers OF northern Indi-
ana was held Thursday evening at
$3.50 O'Clock in the Y. N. g. A. Of
South Bend. More than 40 were in
attendance
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
WAYNE EUGENE HARRISON.

Wayne Eugene Harrison. six
week-oId infant son OF Mr. and Mrs.
Charles Harrison, 14i4 +. Calvert
ST., died Wednesday afternoon at
1880 o'clock after a three weeks ILL
ness.
Besides his parents he is sur
vived by the following brothers and
sisters: Milford. Clarence. Ansil. Ha-
eel. Ruth, Leota and Alice, all re-
siding az home.
Funeral services viii be held at
the residence Friday afternoon at
2:3O o'clock. Rev. Meister will OFF,
ciate and burial will be in Highland
cemetery.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11

SAGINAW Mich. Feb. 10
Chuck Virgins OF indianapolis won
q technical knockout in the fifth
round Of his scheduled ten round
bout here tonight with Joe Lehman
81 Toledo. when the latter's seconds
tossed in a towel TO save him from
being put out.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
DEATHS
CHARIES a. liz.

Charles A. Hess. IS years old, died
Wednesday az ST. Joseph hospital
AIlshawaka. from complications
lie Is survived by two sisters. Ada
and Harriet Hess. both OF South
Fend.
Funeral services viii be held
at the a. NJ. Russell chapel Sat
urday afternoon at $3.50 o'clock.
Rev. Ge0nney viii officiate and
burial will be IN Riverview ceme-
terry.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11
START INQUIRY
IN ESCAPE OF
DRAFT DODCER

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONED
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-02-11

CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-07-14
LITTLE STORIES OF THE WEEK

guests this week, her sister, Mrs.
Schlund, of Tacoma, and Miss Fulton.
of Seattle.
On Sunday Hugh Hanratty left for
Idaho, where he has a position. He
had spent the week of the Fourth with
home folks.
Mrs. A. F. Shirley, of Spokane, ac-
companied by her little granddaughter
Shirley Girten, is the house guest of
her sisters, Mrs. T. w. Douglas and
Mrs. d. McDougald.
Mrs. E. M. Smith entertained the
NJ. f. Ladies' Aid last week. She was
assisted by Mrs. Guy Davis, Mrs. Grin
Smith and Mrs. ID. McDougald. Forty
five members were present.
Mrs. w. S. Green entertained Mr..
and Mrs. Corfman, Miss Alice Corr
man and Perry Soth at dinner on Sum
day. Miss Corfman was spending the
week end with her parents, having
come up from Spokane where she is at
tending business college.
There was not a quorum present at
the last meeting of the Highlands
Woman's club due to the neglect of
the secretary who failed to have a no
tice of the meeting put in this column.
However, the committee hopes to make
up for it by having record crowd out
next meeting. It is planned to have
a short musical and literary program
preceding the business meeting. The
meeting will be on Friday evening,
July %, at p. m.
County Agent Georgeson made ar
rangements with Prof. E. G. Woods,
who has succeeded Prof. Robertson, as
extension horticultural expert from
the state college to give two thinning
demonstrations on the Highlands on
Monday. In the forenoon the demon
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-07-14
Architect F. A. Swingle made Z
business trip to Mesa last Friday.

business Trip 10 IhSSa ie'S@ i1Nss'
The ladies of the Christian church
will hold cooked food sale at the
Home grocery, Saturday, beginning at
10 o'clock.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lorenz, accompanied
by Mr.. and Mrs. Edward Tweet and
two children motored to Seattle the
first of the week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Meyers. OF Se-
attic, are spending a couple of weeks
visiting at the home of Mrs. Meyers
brother, R. E. Reed.
Mrs. j. B. Schlund, who has been
visiting her parents, Judge and Mrs.
C. Staser, will leave Friday for her
home in Tacoma, accompanied by her
two daughters, Helen and Dorothy:
who have been guests here for sew
eral weeks.
Mrs. T. w. Payne is now in posses
sion of the 5S1s acres sold to Mr.. and
Mrs. G. C. Danford, October last. The
Danfords, on account of sickness, hav-
ing given up their part of the con-
tract. The son, Frank, expects to
leave soon for medical treatment at
Camp Lewis.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-07-14

Born, to Mr.. and Mrs. F. E. Park
insen, of Hedges, July II, son.
Born, July II, to Mr.. and Mrs. Oar
Giard, daughter.
Born, July IL, to Mr.. and Mrs. F
r. Jeffrey, a son.
M. M. Moulton returned Monday
night from Olympia where he spent g
few days on business.
The library board wishes to thank
Elizabeth Davidson for gift of clever
Juvenile books.
Mrs. r. C. Bannerman and two boys
of Pasco, are spending few days al
the H. H. Davis home.
Miss Ruby Triplet, of Tacoma, is
visiting at the c. G. Mueller home in
the Garden Tracts.
Mrs. E. M. Smith and Mrs. F. Fl
meeting in Pasco, Wednesday.
Mrs. J. F. Miller returned last week
from Oakland, California, where she
visited a month with relatives.
Mrs. B. E. Reser and two daughters
left Saturday for Vancouver, B. c.,
where they will spend the summer.
The Washington street school is be.
ing painted and kalsomined this week
by Tachell Brothers, preparatory for
the fall term.
Miss Lottie Smith is again at home
after spending some time at the home
of her brother, Jay, on the Gordon
Moores farm.
Mrs. w. H. Gascoigne was hostess
to the Pirates at "a breakfast given
at her home Friday. Covers were
laid for nine.
Miss Elsie Smith, of Gresham, Ore
gon, was the guest of her aunt, Mrs.
Robert Dorothy and other relatives in
the city this week.
A. v. Petersen left Wednesday
night for Tacoma, WASH, to attend the
funeral of his father, A. Petersen, who
died the first of the week.
Among the w. C. T. U. workers who
heard Mrs. Mary Harris Armor lee
ture at Pasco, Wednesday evening,
were Mrs. Carrie Lamson, Mrs. E. T.
Bowles, Mrs. E. M. Smith and Mrs.
F. E. Waters.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. Gilcrest and son,
William, motored to their cabin in the
mountains near Rimrock, Thursday.
They will be accompanied from Yak
ina by their son, Donald and wife.
They expect to spend a vacation of
several weeks in the mountains.
The Kings Heralds of the M. E.
church, an organization of boys and
girls under fourteen years of age, en-
joyed a picnic on the B. j. Campbell
lawn this afternoon. The winning
side in membership contest recently
held, will be hosts to the losing side.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-07-14
* X X * X * * X X X X X X X y
LIBERTY PROGRAM y

xMM X X * X X Xxx X X X X X y:
Friday ~
Constance Binney in "The Magic
Cup" Also a Snub Pollard comedy.
Saturday.
A Select Special with an all-star
cast. "Out of the Shows" a wonder
full northern picture. Also THE
Simp," a Sunshine comedy with Al
st. John.
Sunday
Bryant Washburn in can Amateur
Devil" and "Vamps and Scamps," a
two reel comedy.
Monday
Zane Grey's latest work, "The Man
of the Forest" is wonderful picture.
Also the Fox News and Mutt and jeff
comedy. Regular prices.
Tuesday
Clara Kimball Young in Cheating
Cheaters." Also comedy.
Wednesday,
ga Scream in the Night" is Sc
lect Special with an all-star cast. Al
so q comedy.
Added attraction, Miss Wilberta
Babbige, in fancy toe and Oriental
dances. Regular prices.
Thursday and Friday
Roscoe (Fatty) Arbuckle in BREW
ster's Millions" from the popular nov
ell by George Barr McCutcheon. Full
of fun.
The Kennewick courier-reporter. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1914-1938, 1921-07-14

stration was held on the East High
lands at the w. S. Green orchard.
About thirty ranchers attended the
demonstration and expect to profit by
the whirldwind method of thinning ex-
hibited by Prof. Woods, as well as by
his very helpful lecture. In the after
noon the demonstration was repeated
at the Keene orchard where about 35
observed the work and listened to the
discourse. Prof. Woods is a very con-
vincing speaker and advanced several
new ideas. Several ranchers We're
heard remarking that they wished he
We're open to employment as a field
hand as he certainly is rapid thinner,
using both hands and no shears.