davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1921-09-15
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CITY NEWS ITEMS


80 - =. - >. - - 49,. 80 ''
) : John Krebsback/ of Padua was a
business caller in Sank Centre We'd
nesday. ~ <'> q 49,,
Z Miss Hazel Robinson is spending
several days this week with friends
at Bertha.
Miss Mae Connolly Of Long Prairie
is the guest of Sank Centre friends
this week. -
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Segrin and
Herman Schroeder were business call
ers at Bertha Friday. 80 .,..,.>
Mr.. and Mrs. Asa M. Wallace re-
turned Monday noon from a several
days visit in Minneapolis. '2s' $40 80 >,
50 FOR RENT-Six room house, Near
the underground crossing, Main ST.:
Mrs. M. Diamond4 s161t .. ,'s,.>. .
Miss Frieda Corner commenced
work as office girl atgthe Electric, SUP
j; ply Shop Monday morning. :s@S@s ii
Mrs. c.. W. Rotarts left Wednes-
day for a few days; visit. with. rela-
stvess and friends in St. Paul. ...,
Mr.. and Mrs. ~. B. Schoenhoff
spent Sunday visiting at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. Nick Lieser at Lake
J fssH ItssaarS .to.s<s.':o.
Frank Minars@ of Browerville was
visiting with Sank Centre. friends on
I "wednesday. soo..asssso. ~s.s.
~. Miss Mae Calvin Of Westport was
the guest of Sank Centre friends on
Wednesday.e55s$ tzs &;ss RE-: - l..
Miss Margaret Brooks of Round
Prairie is a guest OF the R. A. White
home this week.
Mrs. aaC, Kinsella and Mrs. F.
Brown were visiting with friends in
st. Cloud Monday.
Carroll Pangburn and Willis Ben
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1921-09-15
New England Place Names.

New England Place Names.
An interesting set of New England
place names is drawn from the Bible.
In these names, quite as much as in
those brought from the home land, the
early settlers expressed their deepest
selves. Hebron, GiisaS, Lebanon, c.
naan, Bethlehem, Sharo0, Mt Carmel
Goshen, and JerusaIem 0ge found d
Connecticut alone. Sne names OF
three women in the parish register of
one of these towns were Obedience,
Silence, and Mindwell. Clearly, these
people had never read, or at least be-
lieved, Shakespeare's whats in a
manner"
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1921-09-15
looked 700 Youthfu,. 70 Him.

After typhoid fever auntie. had to
have her hair cut of. One day a.
little friend came to see her. The
child seemed interested An auntie's
bobbed head and said. ssA1y, but
you've got awful young hair for an
auntie."
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1921-09-15
Hopeless.

"Ah, was struggling young man
when ! married her. Yes, struggled
hard. but l couldn't escape."-From
the LOoker-On, Calcutta.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
MAURY CENTER

Scott Spahr has sold his place
near Mamy Center to a Mr., John
son of Seattle. Mr.. and Mrs
Spahr have moved to their place
near Mileta. Mr.. Bowers will
look after the Johnson place for
the winter,
JEFF. Hayes with a crew of men
and teams have been putting gray
ell on the road between Mileta and
Pembroke. This seems to be am
unusually bad piece of road and
hard to keep up, But if it can
be made good we believe Jeff is
the one that can do the work.
Mrs. C. l.. Garner is soliciting
contributions for the starving
children of Europe. This is a very
worthy cause, and let us hope she
may be successful in this good
work, and that we, out of our
plenty, may respond gladly to Eu
ropes cry of need. And We should
be thankful that we live on Puget
Sound where there is no drouths
nor cold winters.
If anyone should like 10 spend
a very interesting half hour they
should get A. j. Stuckey to tell
of his experience in being ship.
wrecked off the coast of Ireland.
And how they made their way
across to the city of Cork, hauling
the wounded in wooden wheeled
OK cart.
The Ariel has been taken off,
the Todd ship yard and Quarter
master run, and the Ramona of
Seattle with Carl V. Nelson as
Skipper, has taken her place.
The Maury Sunday School APP
pointed last week a committe to
secure the island s share of money
for the European Children Re
lief Fund. Mrs. C. l.. Garner and
Mrs. w. f. johnson are the com
mittee. This money will be for
warded through State Chairman
h. II. Burnett of Tacoma. This
is the European Relief Fund of
which Herbert Hoover is at the
head.
James and Robert Linton have
spent their vacation on the island
renewing old friendship. Both
will graduate from the University
the coming June.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
BURTON BAPTIST CHURCH

In spite of unfavorable weather
the New Years watch service was
quite well attended and an en-
joyable occasion to all present.
The new chandeliers donated by
Mr.. Cook and recently installed
have greatly improved the appear
ance of the church, and adds
much to the cheerfulness of the
room for the evening service.
The services next Sunday will
be as follows: 10 a. m. Bible
School, II a. M. sermon-"The
Presence Supreme, $50 p. m.
lost and Found. "
Mr.. Fretz will speak at Maury
Hall at 3 p. m.
7. S. Fretz, Pastor.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07

travel by ships in and around rock
bound coasts, so long as there are
great storms and black fogs and
crested waves, just so long will
there be startling headlines in our
daily and weekly papers of loss OF
lives to surge the heart with woe
And yet as often as these calama-
ties occur the sympathies never
grow less, the sorrow is never less
keen, the excitement is just as
great, the human heart never
grows callouscd, it never fails to
beat in sympathy for friend or
somebody's loved one suddenly
stricken.
So different from war. Time
upon time and again long lists of
casualties appear. A certain ex-
pcctancy modifies the announce
ment for in time Of war we can
only look forward to unhappy sur
priscs and dire distressing and
foreboding news. But when the
electric wire flashes the astound-
ing and startling words of wreck
upon land or sea wherein hundreds
loose their lives, there comes to
the listener or reader more ex-
travagant sorrow even so far as
to bring to our own feelings a
heartfelt distress.
Interior cities may occasionally
feel touch of grief and sorrow,
but they seldom reach the depths
of expression found in the coast
cities around the Sound, especially
where live the people who most
go in ships.
The story Of the wreck of the
Valencia some fourteen years ago
and the loss Of 12S lives when,
within a few feet of shore, bring
memories that will live within us
for all time. 1t is a story the
details of which turns the heart
sick. And yet with many who
pause in the detail, admonishes
them of the uncertainty of life how
soon though one may think of that
great disaster to day and to NOR
row plunge into a like grief.
That sweet enthralling hymn
those dear death awaiting people
sang while clinging to the ropes
way up in the rigging of the ship
when all hope had gone Nearer
My God to Thee) standing sub
lime and stately in their last hours
waiting. No matter what had been
their past, there came a time if
never before, while in the fullness
of their life to realize nearer my
God | am to thee. Frank Hubbell.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
SYMPATHY


Our days work was done,
Grandma has cleared away the
evening meal, the children gather
about the hreside and tables, each
engaged in his or her story book
while Grandpa adjusts his heavy
footwear, lights his corn cob and
slips into his easy chair, to read
the current news from the county
and city papers.
Yes, Bill, | remember of that
ship wreck, it was on everybody's
mind for days. II was all that
people could talk about. We could
not remember of ever hearing so
pitiful news, it seemed to cast a
gloom in the Puget Sound coun-
try. So many, remaining so long
in the jaws Of death before the
mighty waters Of the sea engulfcd
them. The wharfs were crowded
upon the arrival of every boat
from the straits anxious fathers,
mothers, wives and children, seek
ing that which they vain must hear
and yet from which they might
recoil iii awful dread. News of
those last moments whel awaiting
on the outside of the door of
eternity, fully realizing they must
surely enter therein without a
blemish, scar or ailment of cause.
Holding within their own hands
The record of their past to be
presented in person at the highest
supreme bar. How grand; how
great; how majestic the picture
and with what eloquence it APP
peals to all mankind to be ready.
Never before, people said, had
there been such scene. Each and
every one of the 1913 in full pos
session Of their senses, in full vigor
of strength what must have been
their thoughts9 Their gracious
being of true men and women,
their influence and af1iuence, their
knowledge or popularity could not
deter the inevitable. There was
but one exit, and that, through the
open door that led to the foot of
the throne Of God-for the great
wall of rocks We're between them
and life on earth. 1t was the talk
of all communities, upon the street
and in the homes, and upon the
highways of towns and cities of
the Sound.
Groups gathered in every by.
way, talking and lamenting over
this awful disaster; bulletins were
anxiously read, some with tear
f:lIed eyes for the few words that
nIght possibly awAi,,, little life
il hope that WAS al but dead.
And little by title as the facts
were gathered, little by little as
the closest detail could be CLEANED
during the hours and days of sus-
Ipense the American characteristic
sympathy so human, so great, so
generous was freely displayed.
1t is true such sad experiences
have been going on for hundreds
of years, for so long as people
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
BURTON

Mrs, Geo, st, John is visiting
with relatives in Yakima. She is
expected home this week.
T. L, Wellington, photographer
from Everett, came over last Sat
urday to spend a few days with
his friend of sixteen years stand
ing, Norman Edison at the Burton
Art Studio.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. G. Adams and
daughter and mother Mrs. Dca
We're and Mr.. Carl klemmie and
two children Of Tacoma were
guests of the Bull family on the
beach from Friday until Sunday
afternoon. Mr., and Mrs. Bull spent
Christmas with Seattle friends.
The Van DevanterS passed their
holiday vacation at their Burton
home, 1t is very unusual to find
a mother and three daughters in
the same family teaching, but this
wonderful mother has been the
means of accomplishing this, and
in addition and with other help,
IS putting a son through the State
University, and another son thru
Burton High school.
Mrs. c. Lou jackson enjoyed
a two weeks vacation from her
work i'll Tacoma during the holi-
days, and while at home to look
after her aged mother "Ma
Jaynes. Her sister, Miss Annctta
D. Jaynes spent several days in
town for change and rest.
Mrs. Weaver of Seattle was with
her son and daughter for the New
Years season.
Continued ON Last Page
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
CONSOLATION?

Now, while We "speak Of opera
tons,
Of other things as well let's
speak.
Let's speak of so-called consola-
tions
Which seem to me as awful weak.
1t has been said that good inten-
tons
Have paved the down grade
road to hell;
Twas better said that same
material
Has paved the road to heaven
as well
Thus, many a phrase that's Oft
accepted
As though an alleged truth to
state,
When further on it is reflected.
Seems to have lost its running
mate.
Perhaps it helps in life S distresses
To say, 30 well, it might be
worse"
OF course, but then it might be
better
u blessing came instead OF curse
10 lose an eye or hand IS awful.
But how t helps | can not tell
To think that we should still be
grateful
No worse misfortune us be@elI.
And so while crankmg that
wheelbarrow,
The thing back-tired and broke
my wrist,
Should | thank fate both were
not brokcn?-
Should hoo-doos thus be Rugged
and kissed?
| think that it's poor consolation
When Fortune s wheels shift to
reverse
To say Cheer up, buck up, my
brother,
For your hard luck could still
be worse.
" r. H.. r.l
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
A PROTEST
80, Well, it Might be Worse.

On New Years morning while
Mr.. st. John was pushing his
wheelbarrow along, his foot slip
pc, slid eight inches, and when
the possessor of said foot arose,
his hand did not track" or cline
up"with his arm. 1t has given him
some time to do little side think
ing on the consultations (?) offered
by friends with perfectly good in
tentions. Following is one of his
thoughts:
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
And Then the Row Started

do you think that young man
good enough to marry our daugh-
ter?" asked the mother,
Il guess so, replied the father.
You know your folks used to
say | wasn't good enough for you"
81 know. But my folks were
right about it. -
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
An Experienced Printer

"Our new company is capital
lied at $5O,00O,OO0"
Great, let me see your pros
pectus.
son, e haven't got out i pros
pectus yet. The COMPOUNDED print
er wants his pay in advance. "
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
Ring Repartee

"Ah shuah does pity you. )" said
a colored pugilist to his opponent
as they squared off. "Ah was
bohn with box nj gloves on.
Maybe you was" retorted the
other: "and ah reckon you re 60
ing to die de same way"
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
Indefinite

Is this the hosiery depart
ment?" said the voice over the
phone.
" Yes, - replied the weary sales
lody.
Have you any fesh-colored
stockings in stock2" asked the
voice.
Yes, replied the weary sales.
lady Whaddy We want-pink,
yellow or hlack?"
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
En- PEASANT

The old year died without a kick,
His life was simply done;
And now we have, all spick and
span,
Young Nineteen Twenty-one.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07

Regular services at the Lisabeula
church as follows: Sunday School
at 10 o'clock. Evening service at
1880 o clock.
Vashon Island news-record. [volume] (Vashon, Wash.) 1919-1954, 1921-01-07
Essentially So

Our idea of a non-essential in
dustry is a corkscrew factory.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Todoy's Markets
STRIKE UNCERTAINTY
SLACKENS TRADING

Chicago, oct Uncertainty re-.
gardug the railroad strike outlook
had q tendency today 10 prevent any
decided Increment Of price, in the
wheat market Sellers were some
what il d majority at the start, bnt
this condition was later reversed, the
view being more goncrglly taken that
bearish factors had ben discounted
enough fer at least the time being.
Trade as q whole. howcye., lacked
volume. Opening quotations. which
varied from unchanged figures to nc
lower, with December Sl.oj to Sl05l2
and May $l10l4 to $ll0l2, were fol
lowed by a rally all around above Sat
urdays finish and thou b. something
Of a setback.
Corn and oats fuctUatCI in line
with wheat After opening unchans-
ed. December 4Gc to ICES, corn hard
eued a little and then underwent a
slight sag
Oats started unchanged to nc off,
December 222.c and kept within mar
row limits
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
HUNTER LOSES ARM
IN GUN ACCIDENT

tloid Winner, a boy of fifteen,
while returning yesterday about 3 -.
m from Il hunting trip with John Van
Norman and Ivan Hanson in boat,
when below the bridge near Seneca
and above the upper lock in the canal
took hold OF his gun BY the barrel ami
drew II toward him.
The resultant explosion tore his
lett arm so that amputation was
necessary The arm was performed
this morning IN Ryburn hospital
such accidents emphasize the need
for am emergency hospital, where at
least first aid can be given without
miles of painful, dangerous travel 10
secure the necessary surroundings for
attending tu the safety of the injured
person. There Is hardly week that
s, J., dangerous injury docs not re-
QuiIr immediate attention, and there
Is a delay frs, for the ambulance 20
ha called, then waiting for II to come,
and finally % dangerous trip to Ottd-
wu before safety can be gained for
dressing the crushed, mangled flesh
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Local Notes.

Mayor Kelso and wife and Alice
GWynn and fire marshal Phillimofe
and wife motored TO Forrest yester-
day, to visit friends. Miss Gwynn will
remain for an extended visit.
\. Mutter has resigned his position
with Muttcr Brothers in Ottawa and
will go into business here for himself,
otto Clark manager Of the Grain u
Supply company went to Rochester.
Minnesota, yesterday to visit his vile
who is in the Mayo Brothers huspi'
tai
Mrs. Lieback and Mrs Mckee, who
have been visiting at the home OF M,
and Mrs. 4. G. Allen returned TO their
home yesterday.
The sedan car Of j, T. Ryan, ono OF
the contractors on the hard road, was
burned up Saturday night The car
was standing on the side of the hard
road Just west of Sherman Fleming !
farm. The whole top Of the car and
inside were destroyed, and only 4
skeleton left of fine machine. The
cause of the fire is unknown
Arthur Latmer wife, son and
daughter, all Of Chicago, are here on
a visit at the home Of his brother Ohio
and family.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. T. White, Mr.. and
Mrs. J. V. White drove to Starved
Rock yesterday to visit j. p. White
and family. sThey also went to La
Sale where they visited J, J. White
and family
DR.. Mark Hurd of Nebraska, grand
son of Deacon Hurd was here Satur-
day visiting old friends
Mr.. and Mrs Charles Burster or
Chicago, drove here yesterday to visit
Mr. and Mrs. John Rollo. On their re-
turn this morning, Mrs. w +. Spen-
Ger accompanied them, and their
daughter Margaret, who had been
visiting her grandparents returned
with her parents.
T. u. Brewster and wife mortored
to Galesburg on Saturday to visit
their daughter Margaret. student al
Lombard college They returned on
Sunday.
Elton Brumback of Washington
street was taken suddenly ill yester'
day with heart trouble. He is report
ed today to be very low.
Dewey Worrell and wife of Strea-
tor. nephew Of Thomas Worrells OF
this city. visited here over Sunday.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24

Mrs. Charles HolCman entertained
r. Carter and wife Of Ottawa, and
Mrs. Chas Newman Of Toledo Ohio,
at a six O'Clock dinner Wednesday
evening
Mr.. ana Mrs. James Harmon return
ed home from Chicago Friday evening
after being gone since Tuesday
Miss Cora Knabler OF Ottawa called
on the Utica Telephone office Satur-
day.
Walter Bosselman returned home
from Clinton Friday after being gone
week
Mrs. McBratney and granddaughter
went to Millington Saturday to visit
her daughter Mrs. Dierson.
Miss Annie Gilchrist and nephew
VIM Graham were Ottawa visitors
Saturday.
Mrs. Allen Russell was an Ottawa
shopper Saturday.
Mrs. NJ. +. Elease and Mr. and Mrs,
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
SEES TWIN BROTHERS
1ST TIME IN 43 YEARS

Frank States, Supervisor George
Bowers and his son James, returned
last Saturday evening from their trip
TO Ohio They visited at Clrcleylle,
Lancaster, Chillicothe and Columbus,
AZ Chiliicothe Mr. Bowers met his
twin brother whom he had not seen
for forty.three years John Bowers
was also at Chilhcothe to visit his
brother Supervisor States for the
first time in his life went to Oakland,
OHIO. which was the home of the
states family before they moved to
Illinois He found no immediate rela'
tiyes living there. except some dis
tant cousins But he saw the Old
homestead and there, like all other
places visited. the party were pleas
autly entertained The trip was made
by auto from Marseilles, and all re-
port beautiful weather all the time
gone. aud OF course the roads were
good
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
q - UTICA -

Charles West returned home from
Waterloo, Iowa, Friday alter two
weeks visit with relatives
Mrs Tom Farrell and Mrs Creig-
ton from Chicago, is visiting Miss
Alice Neary
The following ladies were La Sale
shoppers Saturday; Misses Mamye
and Loretta Clancy, Ellen Swanson,
Mrs. Frank Pearson, Mrs. Ed. Lewis
and daughter, Mrs. Ernest Woodbury.
and little girl, Mrs. w. +. Crosiar.and
children, Miss Lettie Thanley and
Miss Gertrude Taylor.
Chas. Nelson was Mendoza caller
Saturday
Miss Elisa Pearson went to Chicago
Saturday to spend the weekend with
friends.
Walter Pruess returned to Chicago
Friday after visiting his parents.
Misses Julia Bray and Christene
Sampson were Ottawa visitors Satur'
day
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Mall Street.

New York, Oct 2t.-TradG-s evil
IDENTITY were disposed to draw favor,
ablo differences from the latest deyei-
opments in the railroad situation,
Judging from the trend Of prices at
the opening Of today's stock market.
Transccntinentals. rangers and ccal-
ers wore higho- by large fractions to
TX points. with Northern Pacific %
tho strongest iaeue Railroad c"un-
ment, notably, Baldwin ana General
Electric, also wee substantially bet
ter Domestic oils made initial e2in
but soon became unsettled en- free Of.
ferines Of Mexican Petroleum. which
reacted ~ points, European oils a-so
falling back,
German marks were net materially
affected by the fall OF the German
ministry
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Masquerade.

The Main Street Girls will hold a
masquerade party at the American
Legion Hall Thursday, October 9th.
at 1880 sharp Each member please
invite at least one guest and notify
Coda Miller by Wednesday noon OF
your acceptance Each person please
bring cup, fork and scissors.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
FAIRY TALES.

Bone dry"
Prohibition.
Below cost
absolutely free"
Easy payments, ,,
Bottled in bond"
"As good as new" Ia.
Fresh every day"
painless dentistry"
Slightly used cars
Cheaper than paying rent
Five minutes to the car line"
wed love to hear you sing"
1.-TWO can live cheaper than one"
WED love to have you call again"
We've got something ust as good
Hops and malt for temperance
thinks"
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Auto Is Wrecked.

Frank Riley OF Chicago, driving a
Ford roadster on the Ivy Way went
over the bank just east of the city
yesterday afternoon, badly smashing
his machine \ broken wheel and
and smashed tenders and
mud guard resulted from the accident.
He was alone and was not injured
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
An Elimination Contest.

More than 1000 novels are wrfftea
In year in America; written ane
published. Ten are read. Two arp
remembered for few years. One
survives decade--once In a decades
-EXclange.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
infant Is Buried.

The infant child cr Elsie Bell Of
Matchtown was buried this morning
in Riycryiew cemetery, Rev 0. 4.
Burton officiating The child was
born on April 20. 1921, and died Oct.
% 1921. The name of the infant was
Leroy Bell
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Cherished lncreduIity.

"You mustn't believe all you hear"
remarked the prudent person. Il
don't" rejoihed Miss Cayenne. "If I
believed all ! hear Id consider 1t a
privilege instead Of misfortune go
be deaf"
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
Lines to Be Remembered.

To do an evil action is base; to do
n good action without mourning danger
is common enough but it Is the part
of a good man to do great and noble
deeds though he risks everything
Plutarch.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1921-10-24
r. r. o. INSPECTOR In Town.

The post office department has sent
an inspector to inspect the rural
routes out Of the city They are cor.
recting the places OF delivery and or
dering new boxes wherever needed.