davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Unvulcanized Rubber
Soles Tried in England
Experiment To Be Made in the
British Boot Trade; Better
Than Vulcanized

An attempt 10 being made to interest
the many British wearers of sport
shoes in recently introduced leather
or canvas shoe having sole cut from
unvulcanized plantation crepe rubber.
Trade Commissioner Hugh D. Butler
reports that Englishmen playing tennis
on Far Eastern rubber plantations dis
covered that they got much better wear
from crepe rubber soles than they did
from those which had been put through
the vulcanizing process. A showing of
the new type of sole at the rubber ex-
hibition this last summer popularized
the idea, and boot and shoe manufac-
turers are now preparing to make sport
shoes with the new soles readily avail
able for the trade.
Shoe soles with the raw crepe rub
beer present most attractive appear
ance, as the rubber is of a bright
golden color with corrugated surfaces.
It is said that, aside from giving addi-
tional wear, the soles are exception
ally resilient, since they contain many
times as much rubber as the ordinary
vulcanized rubber sole. Only blanket
crepe which is close knit and gristly
is deemed suitable for the raw rubber
sole.
Shoes equipped with the new type OF
sola have not proved thus far to So as
cheap as shoes with the standard vul-
canized sole, but it is the opinion OF
the promoters of the project that as
soon as the new soles are made in
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Seek Better Understanding

We must work toward q better
understanding" Is the general concep-
tion of makers in the Youngstown dis
trict in viewing the situation.
1t is pointed out that Bethlehem Steel
has been paying dividends this year
largely by virtue of earnings from
government naval contracts. The larke
open hearth plant Of Midvale Steel
company at Nicetown, near Philadel-
phia, produces casting steel for armor
plate. Such would be largely stopped
by reduction of naval armament, It is
explained.
None of the plants in the Mahoning
Valley has capacity devoted solely to
armament building, and this district,
embracing Warren, Youngstown, New
Castle and Niles, would therefore not
be affected by the carrying out of d
disarmament program. Some ship
sheet has been rolled in the l32-inch
plate mill of the Brier Hill Steel Com
pany, but such production represents
only small percentage Of the total
output of the unit. Recently some
marine boiler plate went through the
rolls Of the Brier Hill plate mills.
1t is unlikely, in the opinion of local
steel makers, that material from the
scrapped steel ships would have much
of an effect on the market. 1t would
require much time to scrap the ships
and the output would therefore not be
dumped onto the market at one time,
but would be spread over o consider
able period.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
employs 10000 men: the No

employs 10000 men; the Norfolk
yards. employ an equal number of men,
| believe, and the yards in New Eng
land and the manufacturers who make
implements of war there to be used
in the ships will have to discharge
large numbers of men engaged in con-
struction work.
The Western coast also has large
shipyards which have been in the habit
OF constructing ships for the United
States government, especially in time
OF need, and I should say this act of
disarmament would throw out of en-
ployment force, which would other
wise be employed, of between $4,000
and 100000 men In the shipyards
alone. 1t will throw out of employ
ment also those men who are in
constructive manufacturing plants
throughout the United States, those
not only in steel plants, but machinery
manufacturers, electrical manufac-
every manufacturer who is connected
with ships of this size and caliber will
be tremendously affected by the cut
ting down of the program laid out by
our former Congress.
| This comes, it must be understood,
at time when industries in this coun-
try are in a deplorable condition and,
lASCeao OF trying to make conditions
worse, our government should endeavor
to make conditions better by carrying
on all work of this kind which it has
already engaged by act of Congress to
carry out. The government at least
should be honest in its declaration.
The fact that administrations change
should not change the policy, nor
should it change the contracts already
made with reputable people. In my
opinion, the only safety for the United
States to protect our seaports and the
Panama Canal is by large naval force,
| assisted by such air forces as may be
deemed necessary to protect US against
forces of the same character of other
nations. Neither force, neither naval
or in the air, will be effective without
the other.
This statement is my firm personal
opinion. Ny company, at the present
time, is not doing anything for the
government. In fact, it is shut down
and 1t certainly will not be assisted in
starting up again by the theoretical
disarmament program which has been
suggested at the present meeting in
Washington.
''It is pleasure to me to call atten-
ticn to facts which I think have been
overlooked. This is sentimental effort
for peace which always follows a great
war, but peace can better be procured
by being prepared for war than by any
plan of disarm ament that / have ever
seen suprested"
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Less Than I p. c. Of american Steel
Capacity Used for Naval Purpose.

than country
would be used
o'ner words this
industry that the
Secretary of State Hughes would be negligible.
The Bethlehem
lions and builder of warships has than
investment in plants producing
The Bethlehem arce
pehoehc manufacturer CT of
Sheet Al ube Compan - S
Less than cent of the Steel cmpanv 60
INTO chairman
board who that being into producers
of utensils - f
Less than of the Corporations output zoe. for ~
Only Homestead is usd for Tho rod
mate ~ fNNNN~i'A ~
inc couns total annual production about
aooo 1ons
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Stand for Progress

Joseph G. Butler, another director
of the institute and vice-president of
the Brier Hill Steel Company, declares
that the American iron and steel in
dustry has always stood for progress
and is now solidly back Of President
Harding in the disarmament move.
Such plan, he states, would go fur
ther to reduce the likelihood of war
than any other yet suggested. 1t would
likewise eliminate tremendous waste
by removing the burden Of supporting
huge military and naval establish
ments.
Armor plate is the most costly steel
product manufactured Of plate type.
Inspectors of the Navy Department are
constantly on hand during the process
of manufacture to see that the plates
are up to the most stringent specifca-
tions. Only the finest and toughest
steel Is used. When large ingots are
cast it Is said to be the usual practice
for government inspectors to allow
only 60 per cent of the ingot to go into
the making of plates, the remainder
being discarded. Armor plate contracts
are let by the government to the lowest
bidder, and it is said that in past years
the cost has varied from S4O0 to $500
ton. One huge plate would weigh
several tons, which accounts in part
for the tremendous cost of the modern
battleship.
Plates for submarines are much
lighter than the battleship plate, and
can be rolled by any steel plant with
comparatively little of the special
equipment needed in making the pro-
tectlve armor of surface warships.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
War and Deprecated Exchange
Strike Blow to Greek Trade
American Consul General Sees Potentialities for
Large American Commerce i'm
Balkan Kingdom
.1HE combination of Tho y

THE combination of the war
with Turkey and a wildly
fluctuating exchange is rem
dering American export trade with
Greece exceedingly difficult, accord
ing to Will Leonard Lowrie, Ameri-
can Consul General in Athens, who
was in New York last week, pre-
paratory to sailing for his post,
after short vacation.
Greece" he said, "haa wonderful
potential possibilities for the Ameri-
can exporter. Once the war with Tur-
key is drawn to close and the Greeks
return to their natural thrifty habits
the country will forge ahead rapidly.
Tremendous possibilities in the way of
agricultural development lie in Mace
donia, awarded Greece under the peace
treaty. Shortly before I left Athens
met an American engineer who had
been conducting some experiments with
american heavy tractors and plows in
Macedonia.
Hls experiments convinced him that
in Macedonia there was enough tilla-
BILE land to supply Greece with sufl-
cient wheat to render her free from
imports Of this essential. At present
Greece normally imports q six months
supply of wheat each year. This en-
gineer, l understand, was conducting
negotiations with the Greek govern
ment looking toward the purchase of
American tractors and plows by the
government and the establishment of
farm colonies in Macedonia
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20

quantity they can be sold at price
not much higher than 8 good grade Of
standard soles. One expert estimated
that they could be laid down in London
for l shilling per pair Of soles. Tho
rubber can either Be prepared on the
plantation in suitable form and texture
for soles to be cut in shoe factories, or
the soles can be cut to size on the
plantation.
There is very large market IN Eng
land for durable sport shoes. The most
popular type Is known as the "Plim-
SOIL" which is cheap canvas shoe used
for any purpose for which any shoes
with rubber soles are used-tennis,
gymnasium, yachting, boating, seaside
wear, etc. Practically every schoolbov
and girl in the country possesses a
pair. The average life Of the "Plim-
soil" is. two or three weeks, and the
trade should, therefore. be ready to
welcome sole which offers more sub
stantial service.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
PITTSBURGH Steel Leaders Favor
Arms PIan as Constructive PROGRAM

comes effective. It was learned from
reliable sources that the armor-plate
department affords desirable site for
much needed additional mills.
1t Is estimated that the Homestead
works armor-plate department pro
duces from so to 80 per cent Of the
armor plate used by the United States
navy. Prior to the war considerable
armor plate was manufactured, unde,
contract, for foreign countries, includ
ing England and Japan, but the world
conflict caused cessation Of battleshiI
building. During the war the armor.
plate facilities were diverted to max.
ing gun and rifle plates and gun car.
riages for which the government hae
more pressing need than for naval
armament
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Modified ADJ Rule
For Change Firms
Ready This Week
Restrictions ON Contents of
Announcements To Be
Lifted to Some Extent;
to Compete With Bankers

Present restrictions governing the
advertising policies of firms which are
members Of the Stock Exchange are to
be modified in such a way as to permit
the members greater latitude in map
ping out campaigns in competition with
investment houses and banks. A gov
ernor Of the exchange said yesterday
that definite announcement regarding
the changes under consideration by the
governing committee would probably be
made next Wednesday after meeting
of the committee.
The Exchange authorities, it was
pointed out, will continue closely to
scrutinize advertising used by the
members, but in the future they will
not have to adhere to the ard-and ia st
rules that have been in existence since
the SpanishAmerican War. The prog
ress made in financial advertising
methods in the last ten years, it is
stated, has made 1t not only necessary
but advantageous to adopt a more lib
eral policy.
A member of the exchanges said yes
terday that the express purpose Of the
present regulations governing adver-
tising seemed to be to rob advertis-
ing by member firms Of the pulling
power so apparent in the advertise
ments of the big bond houses and
banks. The policy of the exchange
he declared, has been toward greater
restriction rather than toward a freer
use of legitimate publicity campaigns
Advertisements surrently used by
Stock Exchange firms are usually con-
fined to a small display card, while
banks and investment houses resort
often to full-page displays in pointing
out the advantageous features of their
offerings. The steps to be taken by the
governing committee are calculated to
prove of far-reaching Importance to
members Of the exchange-to say moth
ing of newspapers and periodicals
which feature financial and business
news advertising.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Couernmerst May Close
Neau ArnaOr Plate Plant
Big FORKS in Charleston, ".
"a, Noso Under Construction
You'd Employ 5000 Men
Special Dtsputch to The Tribune

SP5c10t OtSpu5ch 80 Ihc ITSoyno
CHARLESTON, W. Va, Nov. 1s-
Just what effect the projected naval
holiday will have on the governments
armor plate plant in South Charleston
cannot be stated, it is said in circles
concerned with the plant, until the de-
tails of any international agreement
that may be arrived at are known.
The plant, work on which was begun
during the war, was to cost $4,000
900. 1t is about wothirds completed,
and those units which have been fin
ished are in operation. 1t is generally
believed that should such naval holi-
day as has been proposed to the Wash
ington conference be declared, it would
result in the stopping, not only Of the
present work Of construction in prog
ress on the plant, but the closing down
Of those units which had been COM
pleted.
The gun unit has been working for
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
other words, war material probably
represents less than / per cent OF
United States Steel's total output.
Not Much Scrap Steel

iNot Much Scrap Steel
The scrapping of battleships in the
American feet, as proposed by Secretary
Hughes, would not throw any appreci-
able amount of scrap metal back on
the market, steel men say, for the rea-
son already explained, i. e., the small
amount of steel that goes into battle
ship construction.
The Washington correspondent of"The
Iron Trade Review" notes that under
the five-year naval construction pro
gram first proposed in 1917 by Josephus
Daniels, then Secretary of the Navy
the steel requirements totaled 516,47C
net tons. This was divided into 407,-
oeo tons OF plates, shapes, bars. rivets
and castings, and 10S,S20 tons of armor
plate.
In order to show the effect upon the
American steel industry of disarmament
as proposed, assuming that the re-
mainder Of the ten-year period of the
naval holiday would see naval con-
struction go forward at the rate of the
so-called five-year program, which
might be concluded by 1924, the steel
industry, according to the correspond
ent, would be called upon to produce
approximately lao per cent more steel
of navy specifications. This would
mean an additional 723,05S tons OF
steel, including everything except guns
machinery and other equipment
Small Proportion
1t is then calculated that from the
spring of 1919 to the end of 1881 the
steel mills and armor plants of the
country would produce 1,25s,52s tons OF
steel for actual warship construction
This average is little more than lO3,-
600 net tons year. Assuming that
guns, machinery, ETC., required to equip
all vessels in the fleet would necessi-
tate duplicate tonnage of steel, the
annual steel requirement would be an.
proximately 100000 tons.
Against the maximum tested capacity
of the industry in finished rolled prod
ucts, 33,o67,7oo gross tons or s7,oS5,-
1880 net tons in 1917, this is only SIS
per cent Compared with the AVERAGE
finished steel output of the past five
years Of 30,S10,650 gross tons, or 34.-
007 ,920 net tons, it is only 0.59 pei
cent.
A successful conclusion of the Wash
lngton Conference on the Limitation of
Armament, trade authorities figure
may mean the release of approximately
100000 tons of steel and non-ferrous
metals, chiefly the former, which the
~, ~ "a CSPsal tAieilt lS nolOlNg IN reserve
The Navy Departments surplus of steel
is now believed to be below the 10000
ton mark. The navy also has 1S,0OO,-
600 pounds of copper ingots stored, but
it is said that this surplus will not be
sold for an indefinite period.
The steel requirements of the navy
for a period of thirty-four years are
calculated by the Iron Trade Review
in the following tabulation:
Net tons.
Armor plate .................. 28O,8e2
| Finisned rolled steel for hulls.. "1,o61. 42S
! Guns, machinery and outftting
estimated -......-.......... s71.116
~ Total all steel .:-............ 2.013.s45
| Total output finished steel, in
Guiding arrnor plate ........5551o73 3O1
/ Navy require ments approxi-
mately, per cent ..,...... o3e
Includes relatively small tonnage OF
| castings.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Importation of Toys Into China

Toys were imported into China IN
1920 to the value Of 596,e00 haikwsn
taels. of which 1880 taels represented
re-exports, leaving a net importation
Of toys valued at 57e,4O0 taeis, states
Finance and Commerce" (ShanghaD. .
Of the total value of these imports
Japan supplied 241,250 taels' worth:
the United States, $4,000 taels; the
United Kingdom, $4,000; Hongkon1,
$4,000; Germany, $500; France, 5000,
and Canada, 4,900 taels. Toys were
shipped to the China market by Ger
many in 1912 to the value of 25, 1000
taels, out Of a total importation valued
at 2D3,000 taels. (The average value
of the haikwan tael for 1912 was "a
cents gold. and for 1920 s1.24.l
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Would Get Nesu Jobs

AT present, IL is understood, the ar
mor-plate department is making plates
for the United States, about 1000 men
being employed. Some of these work
men, most of whom are skilled, have
voiced the fear that the naval disar-
mament plan would cause them to lose
their jobs, but it Is said in authorita-
tive circles that should work in the
armor-plate department be discontin-
ued the men would be given positions
equally as good In the present mills or
those that would be built
Scrapping OF the naval craft by the
United States government as proposed
by Secretary Hughes would have prac-
tically no effect on the steel business
In the Shenango Valley district, as no
steel plants are at present engaged in
making any kind Of armament or plates
for ships except the National Malleahle
Castings company, which has an anchor
chain plant. Officials of the company
assert that disarmament would not re-
duce output of the plant, as the chains
are used on all kinds of ships. Some
years ago the Savage Arms Corpora
tion made six-inch rapid fire guns for
the navy, but discontinued their manu-
facture and the plant has been con-
verted into a pressed steel works.
"Steel tonnage going inbo naval ship
building never bulked large" declared
James A. Campbell, president Of the
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company
and director Of the American Iron and
Steel Institute. "Little naval steel was
every produced in the Mahoning Valley.
The benefits that would accrue from
the program of disarmament as laid
down by Secretary Hughes would far
more than Offset the direct loss Of busi-
ness. Taxes would be lowered and
there would be moro money left for
buying of commercial steel. The whole
world trade would benefit in the same
way.
Repeal Of the La Toilette seaman's
bill, making possible the operation Of
a merchant marine under the United
States flag, would more than counter
balance the loss for naval uses. The
merchant marine now rotting in our
harbors could be profitably operated
but for this legislation. A big mer-
chant feet would require much steel,
too. Under the existing seaman's law
the United States merchant feet could
not be operated proftably II given
away. We need to give more attention
to legislation governing our merchant
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20

about two years, naval weapons being
turned out and sent to the proving
grounds at Aberdeen, Md, for testing.
When the open-hearth furnaces were
opened last year the Assistant Secre-
tary. of the Navy and other high navy
omclals were present to witness the
first pouring of metal. Projectiles are
also turned out, and this department
has been in operation for a year or
more. The armor plate unit has not
yet been finished. A large heat treat
ing plant in connection with this now
is being built.
Approximately 1000 workers are
employed at present at the plant, Of
which Captain George R. Marvel is
the commanding officer. When COM
pleted and in full operation about
5000 workers would be employed.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Changed Air Helps Plants

Recent experiments have shown that
crops can be increased from one and
half to four times by an alteration In
the air which the plants breath. The
method is simple one, and consists
Of increasing the proportion of car
bonic acid in tho air.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-20
Discuss Immediate Problems

Possibly there was not great deal
Of discussion directly dealing with this
aspect of the railroad outlook among
the executives assembled in New York
Wednesday. They were too busy dis
cussing the problems that demanded
Immediate action. But this thought
and the consciousness of the entirely
different ground on which officers Of
strong roads stood from that on which
officers of weak roads stood ran
through almost every question which
came up for discussion. There were,
Of course, some men whose grasp Of
economic tendencies and whose knowl-
edge of general industrial conditions
was great enough TO enable them to see
the situation ss a whole and form an
opinion independent Of the necessities
which faced their own railroad prop
erty.
There were a few men whose own
properties were in such ghape as to jus
tify optimism had the knowledge Of
their own conditions been paramount
in forming an opinion as to general
conditions, who, nevertheless, were not
optimistic as to the general outcome
and who felt that it would have been
far better had there been no temporary
boom in the latter part of 1919 and
conditions had continued bad until
thorough liquidation had been carried
out. There may have been one or two
men connected with weak roads who
knew that the chances were In favor Of
their own properties still having the
worst of their financial troubles to 20
through with, who nevertheless were
optimistic on the situation as a whole
These, however, were the exception.
1t was peculiarly significant thar
many of the railroad men who had been
n NJ 70 alro
Commerce Commissions plans for con-
solidation of the railroads when the
plan was first given out are now in
ciined to express the opinion that rail-
road consolidation in some form or
other was bound to take place. In the
weeks that have gone by since the
commissions plan OF consolidation was
made public, the drawing apart of weak
and strong roads has been SO evident
as to convince even those who were the
loudest in expressing their belief that
consultations were unnecessary,