davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
SIGN THE PACIFIC FOUR
 POWER AGREEMENT
American Attitude Toward Pacific Mandates Not Af- feCted-Does Not Apply
 to Domestic Questions
By Associated Press

Washington, December 13.-The four-power Pacific treaty, with a reservation attached to make it in- applicable to purely domestic ques- tions and to the American mandate policy, was formally signed today by the plenipotentiaries of the United States, Great Britain, Japan and France.
 The reservation, presented in writ ing by the American representative, and accepted by all tho others, de- clares that the American attitude to- ward Pacific mandates shall not De affected by the treaty, and that the treaty provision for four-power consultation on questions arising over the Pacific islands shall not be construed as applying to any pron- lens which Tn international law arc only of domestic concern.
 No Ceremony
 No ceremony accompanied the af- fixing of seals and signatures. The signing took place in the anterooin of the Secretary of State. in the presence of large company of American and foreign officials, ad- visors and clerks There was no speech making, and representatives of the press were not admitted
 The American copy of the treaty now goes to President Harding, who will submit it to the Senate for ra r. ification. He probably will not take it to the capitol in person, and he may delay it's submission until the arms conference is nearer a decision on the other important points before it. It was indicated at the White House today that Mir Harding saw no reason for acting hastily.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
Morse Charged With Effort
 To Defraud the GoUernn1ent; Is Freed on S5O,OOO Bond

are 10 be made "nt the proper time.''
 There were no indications to- night as to when grand jury pro- ceedinGs aaginst Mir. Morse could be expected but 1t was suggested in some quarters that they might go over until after the new year.
 MT. Morse's abatement snidi
 "I have read as carefully Rs the time has permitted the charges formulated in the conn pInint and will say in regard to themg
 CT. They are 90 nehulOus ana false and lack any definite state mentss it Is impossible for me to deny specifically, but I have nc hesitnncy in saying that insofar ns I have any knowledge, there were no false statements made, neither were there any false vouchers presented to the fleet corporation by the Virginia ShipbuiIding company.
 "2. Further the only definite charge made concerns a state ment made on July 16, 1919, tO the full shipping board emergency fleet corporation by the Virginia corporation through its officers Mir. c. H. Livingston, It's presi- dent, Mir. Martin, it's treasurer, Mir. Cristy, its nudftor; and It's counsel, Messrs. GIbboney, Scott and at which my son, 10. A. Morse, and myself were present, which statement I have no hes itnDcy in saying was undoubt- edly true."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
Officials Glue Up Hope of Catching
 Lucky Tom O'Conner
By Associated Press

Chicago, December 13.-virtual- 1y abandoning hope of catching "LuclSy. Tommy O'ConnOr, com demned murderer, who escaped from the Cook county jail with two companions last Sunday. county and city officials today began considering reforms to make similar escapes impossi- ble. The cO1nty commissioners named n committee of five to in- vestigate conditions at the jail. Sheriff Peter replied with q state ment charging the commissioner had refused frequent requests for money to repair locks, windows and bars. States Attorney Grove continued the grand jury investi- gation and city officials reported charges of laxity in the Jail.
 Five city detectives were i'm jured. three seriously, near MiI- waukee today when mn automo- bile in which they were speeding to Hartford. Wis. overturned. A report that o'ConnOr was in hotel at Hartford proved ground less.
 William Fogarty. former Jail inmate, told the states attorneys office that the gun used by O'Gonnor In the escape wns snug Eied Into tbe jail in n sandwich.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
LLOYD GEORGE MAY CALL AN ECONOMIC FARLEY OF NATIONS
Plan Includes Cancellation of All War Debts Owing to England by European
 Countries
By Associated Press

Washington, December 13.-Some of the foreign diplomats in attend ance at the arms conference have received word which they interpret as indicating that David Lloyd George, the British premier, is pre- pairing to take the initiative in world economic matters, having become convinced from inquiries made here that the American government does not intend to call an international economic meeting; at least not in the near future.
 The British prime minister's
 plan, according to the fnforma-
 ton in the hands of these dip-
 lomRts, contempIates the cancel
 Iation of all war debts owing to
 Great Britain by Italy, France,
 Belgium, Russia and the smaller
 Balkan nIIIes, amounting, with
 interest, to upward of two bil-
 lions sterling.
 Premier Lloyd George. it Is re- called, proposed to President Wilson that all inter allied debts, includ-
 
 should be cancelled but his present design. according to the understand ing, does not include the renewal of that suggestion to the United States. He is said to intend to annul the debts of other countries due Great Britain subject to conditions, one, 1t is understood, being that France should forgive the debts of allied countries to her amounting to about the equivalent of two billions of dot- lars, and another being a reduction of German reparations due to France by 1851 900 ,000 of francs. This Is the amount the French government borrowed of England during the war and is about as large sum as that loaned to France by the United States, which was 15,2S5,000, ,00q francs, at the exchange then used oi 5.45Afrancs to the dollar.
 The idea of the British government acting independently of the United States in the cancellation of debts according to foreign officials here appears to have originated with Aus tin Chamberlain, when he was chan cellor of the exchequer. When Sir Robert Horne succeeded to the chan cellorship he objected to striking off from the British assets so large a sum as the 800, ,000.0 900 sterling due with accrued interest. MT. Lloyd George is understood to have been allowing the matter to rest until the present, but the approaching crisis fin the finance of several continental countries, particularly Germany. has led to the preparation of plan by worthington Evans and others which it is expected by the foreign diplo- mats Lloyd George would present 70 an economic conference, if one shoul3 be called on hls own initiative.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
ROAD LABOR BOARD ANNOUNCES
 NEW WORK RULES
Time and Half Provision for First Two Hours of Over time Omitted From the
 Agreement
By Associated Press

Chicago, December 13.-Slashing extra pay provisions for the first two hours of overtime after the regular eight-hour days work from the rules governing railway main tenance of way employees, the United States railroad labor board has set up a schedule of 10 hours day at the regular hourly wage for common laborers in new rules an- nounced tonight to replace the na- tional agreement made under gov ernment control.
 The principle of eight consecutive hours shall constitute days work" is retained. however. and time and half pay is granted after 10 hours work.
 The new provisions make possible f0-hour day without penalizing the l railroads. which were compelled un- der the federal agreement to pay l time and one-half after eight hours. | Practically all section gangs work | more than eight hours day due to l time necessary for travelling to and from the point of operations and be- cause of the seasonal nature of the work making long hours necessary to take advantage of good weather. Effective December I6 The rules become effective Decem- l Der 16, exactly one year after the | agreement was made between the l United States railroad administration and the United Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees and Railroad Shop Laborers. They apply on all railroads where agreement has not already been reached on rules to supplant the national agreement. Many rules had been agreed upon by a majority of roads and in such cases the federal counterparts were re- mandcd Tor further consideration to roads not reaching an agreement These included rules on seniority, promotion and special service where local conditions were held to govern. Wage schedules were eliminated as a part of the rules agreement. Removal of the two hours over time penalty was declared by labor board attaches to cut many millions of dollars from the carriers annual pay rolls. Normally, the new rules would affect 5S5. 1000 men, but at present the force is considerably less, due to subnormal traffic conditions and also to the seasonal nature of the work.
 The old national agreement rec ognized the 10-hour day in extra or floating gangs of workmen, whose employment is temporary and season. al Regular gangs, however. were Npaid overtime after eight hours, caus- ing much criticism. especially from agricultural sections where farmers declared the long hours on the farm were no inducement compared to shorter hours and higher pay on the railroads The farmer, therefore, suf- fered. it was contended, both farm and railroad drawing it's workers from the same class of labor
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
By Associated Press

Washington, December I3.- Charles ". Morse, of New York; who was recently recalled to this country from Frnnce by AttOr- ney General DauKherty, was served today with warrant aI- legine conspiracy to defraud the government and the emergency fleet corporation in which the United States is a stOcaxh older.
 Arraixned before United states Commissioner Isaac R. Hit, MT. Morse blended not guilty and upou waiver of hearing was freed from custody upon S5O,OOO bond to await the action of the grand jury. The warrant, which was issued upon complaint of Frank Burke. manager of the investiKn- tion department of the shipping board, was served on MT. Morse in Commissioner Hitt'a office in the presence of his attorney, Wilton ]. Lambert, and District Attorney Gordon.
 Before leaving tonight for New York, where he will await the outcome of the grand Jury proceedings, Mir, Morse issued "a statement declaring the charges against hIm in the complaint were s'sO nebulous and false" as 10 be impossible to deny spe- officially. According to shipping board officials specific detail of the charges against Mir. Morse
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
PARLIAMENT WILL
 CONSIDER IRISH
 QUESTION TODAY
Lloyd George Will Urge Rati. fiCation of Treaty in Ad- dress to Lower
 House
By Associated Press

London, December 13.-The Inn perial Parliament will assemble to- morrow for the purpose of consider ing the treaty between Great Britain and Ireland. The King will open Parliament in state and the prime minister will review the Irish situa- tion, explain the provisions of the treaty in detail and plead for strong indorsenaent of the settlement as ar ranged between the government and delegates representing southern Ire land.
 The House of Commons Is expected to give the treaty it's speedy ratifl- cation and in the House of Lords Vis- count Mortry will ask for a similar action.
 simultaneously the DaII Fire
 ann at Dublin will tnlSe the treaty
 under RdVIsement. the Irish
 plenipOtentiaries. headed by Ar
 thur Griffith, seeing it's ratifi-
 cation, and EnmOnn De Valera,
 the Sim Fein leader, with very
 considerable following. opposing
 the instrument as it now stands.
 Premier Lloyd George today gave out the correspondence exchanged be- tween himselt as head of the gov ernment and Sir James Craig, deal ing with the Irish negotiations. These letters bore dates of from November 10 to December ,. They were supple mented later by a letter made public by Sir James, addressed to the prime minister under date of July 29, which he said was necessary to maintain the sequence of events.
 The Ulster premier in these letters unequivocally declared that Ulster would not enter an all-Ireland parli- ament, but was willing to accept three out of the four proposals of the Brit ish government.
 Mir. Lloyd George argued that two dominions in Ireland was indefensi- ble. Eventually. two alternatives were offered to Ulster, the one that she retain her existing powers, with additional guarantees if she entered the Irish Free State; the other that she retain her present powers but in respect to all other matters not al- ready delegated to her. share the rights and obligations of Great Britain with the proviso. however. m the latter case. that her boundary would be subject to revision.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
79,152 PEOPLE OF
 BIRMINGHAM WORK FOR THEIR LIVING
Servants and Walters Lead, Census Bureau Reports, Followed by Mill Work
 CTS and Launderers
By HUGH W. ROBERTS Washington Bureau, The Ags-H Herald.
 800 Davidson Building.


 Washington, December 13.-Spe- cial.)-Of Birmingham's 17S,S05 people, 79,152, whose ages range from 10 years upward indefinitely, work for their living.
 This constitutes a percentage un- usually large for southern cities, but below par in comparison with New England and western cities.
 Birmingham men who work mum Der 59070; women. 20.0S2. Relative figures for 1910 were 45, $50 and 15.- S36. The bureau of the census which makes the Birmingham report to- day, indicates that the increased fig ures are attributable to increased population rather than to develop ment of unusual energy.
 Of the great classes of working population. servants and walters take first rank with LOTT males and 4,952 females. Then follow. in order: La borers in blast furnaces and steel mills, 1928 males and "A females; launderers, not including those em p1oyed in laundries. 102 males aud 4,243 females; salesmen and sales women, 2,400 males and LOIS fe- males; clerks, except in stores. 2.3J4 males and 54S females; retail dealers, 1928 males and 16S females; coal miners, 2,294 males and 10 femaies, machinists, millwrights and tool makers, 2.19S males; carpenters, 1,SIo males: bookkeepers, cashiers and ac- countants, 1103 males and f31 fc- males; stenographers and tySewrit- CTS, I55 males and l 1888 females; la borers on steam railroads, 1.4Si males and 30 females; school teach CTS. 147 males and 93S females; dray- men, teamsters and expressmen, 1.0ss males and females; semi-skilled
 Continued on Page Eleven)
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
TARIFF TRAINERS HAVE VARIED MENU.
 AT DAYS SESSION
Plea Is Made for Lower Rates on Imported Liquors. Want Protection on
 Cotton
By Associated Press

Washington, December 1S.-Tariff framers on the Senate finance com mittee had a course in mental gym nastics today in following the com bination of subjects presented by a dozen or more witnesses. The dis cussion ranged all the way from Canary birds to cows and from near beer to champagne, with onions spaghetti, candy, nuts, tomatoes paste and other items thrown in.
 The specific schedules under
 consideration were those dealing
 with agricultural products Rnd
 provisions and spirits, wines and
 other beverages. Liquor import
 CTS, through Levi Cooke. of this
 city, protested against the pro-
 posed rates of s5 IA gallon on
 brandy and SC n gallon on cham
 pagne. pointing out that these
 were iR addition to the internal
 revenue tax Of 82.2O n gallon.
 Calling attention that under the law liquors could not be imported for beverage purposes, MT. Cooke said most of 1t was used for medicinal purposes, adding that tho tax was a very steep one to impose upon a medicine. This led to a discussion of the medicinal use of Iquors and Sen ator Shoot, republican, Utah, re- marked that he recently had seen some 70 persons taken suddenly ill
 Foreign Hops
 Speaking for the Anheuser- Busch company, MT. Cooke asked that pres ent rates on imported hops be re- tained, declaring that these hops had To ka ina tof ba American product in the manufactura of near beer to get tho desired flavor and that any curtailment In their use would necessarily curtail the use of the homegrown products. He addej that the imported hops in no wise came into competition with the Amer ican hops.
 Increased protection for the long staple cotton growing industry in the southwest was asked of tho commit tee by Governor Campbell of Arizona and Dwight B. Heard of Phoenix, pub fisher of The Arizona Republican They said the growing of this cotton promised development that would put to use much arid land fin Arizona, California and New Mexico and aske that 1t be protected from the Egyp- tian product.
 
 protection included the cattle grow CTS of the west, onion growers oi Ohio and Texas tomato paste manu- lecturers, macaroni and candy manu- facturers who were represented as anticipating keen competition from England, France and Germany. espe- eially on low priced candies
 Not all Of the witnesses sought greater protection. While asking foi a higher duty on candy. the Nationa Confectioners' association, through 1t, spokesman, Walter c. Hughes of chi. cago sought lower rates on ahellet almonds and on walnuta. L. J. sor. melli, representing the Italian cham. Der of commerce of New York city asked for reduced rates on cheese and lemons and for substantially the ex. isting rates on olive oil, almonds, wal nuts, tomato sauce, canned tomatoes preserved fish and peas and beans.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
MOB LYNCHES WHITE
 MAN IN TEXAS TOWN

Waco. Tex, December 1s-"Curly" Hackney, white, about 30 years old arrested in connection with an a.- tack on an s-year-old girl. was taken from the city jail tonight and hanged three miles south of town. He had confessed, according to the police Hackney was arrested tonight and shortly afterward a mob gathered at the jail
 Obtaining possession of the suspect, he was rushed from the jail and placed in an automobile and driven to point near a cemetery. The body was riddled with bullets after being swung from a tree. About 500 persons composed the mob.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
Ny Fauorite Stories
The Custom of the Country
By IRWIN s. COBE

the mountain sections of Kentucky only machine single cooking with them civilization and it's bypoduc have through the gaps the died schoohoues newspapers colleges and modern systems of living
 these of long that life primitive They used to tell story to illustrate things actually It Probably wasn't but illustration, though an exaggerated a prevalent condition.
 which through the tranthre day. aboring slowly engineer cavacad the streaked hounds all merr Behind the followed horseback and shr whops and blasts from horn The troupe had vanished into the when northern riding the shabby coach addressed fellow who native "Sheriffs supposs?" he said
 Nope" said the mountaineer
 seeking suggested northerner
 "No, taint that neither"
 "Then what the purposehe ntentof this chaser?
 mister said the "it like this Judge Sim High Junior today and him down pants on him.
 Copyright, 1921, by the Central Press Association
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
HUNGARY AND UNITED
 STATES NOW AT PEACE

Budapest, December 13:-The Ma tional Assembly tonight ratified the treaty of peace between the United States and Hungary.
 Count Albert Apponyi, chairman of the committee in charge of the peace agreement, in an address in the chamber after the ratification, said
 Though we are not yet acquaint- ed with Americas future world poll icy, this separate treaty is proof of her disinterestedness and her sincere wish to help in the reconstruction of eastern Europe. This single peace, which was not dictated, recognizes Hungary as an equal"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
CYST OF THE NEWS
GENERAL

GENERAL No sOutherner on l. C. C. indicateas Officials give up hope of catching "Iuekyo Tom O'COnner. HefIin to be orator at meeting of Southern society in New York. Methodist educational leaders meet.
 STATE James l.. Griffin weds Georgia girl Christmas liquor to come high as result of raids.
 Man at Opeiika barely misses death when safe falls. Officers unable to locate negro charged with shooting man at Green viIle.
 Funeral of AnnistOn automobile victim is held.
 Grand jury to make report. Clarence Reeves is under arrest. Cooperation committee to be or- ganized Friday
 Pickcns county first to raise bond Issue quota.
 Building permits to amount of $24,- 900 issued.
 Kiwnnis to back budget system. Jefferson county schools show in- creased attendance.
 W. H. kettig is promoted by fed- eraI reserve board.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
BASIC BUSINESS
 CONDITIONS ARE
 MUCH IMPROVED
Federal Reserve Head, How ever, Says NormaIcy Is Yet to Be Attained in the
 United States
By Associated Press

Washington, December 13.-Basic business and financial conditions throughout the country have im- proved greatly during the past year, but "normalcy" is yet to be attained, Governor Harding of the federal reserve board declared to- night in an address here before the Washington Chamber of Commerce.
 Tt is my sober conviction" he said, "that basic financial condi- tions in this country are very much better than they were twelve months ago. There are many surface indi- cations which bear out this state ment and those who know the gen eral situation appreciate this fact, Business has passed through the primary stage, the acute period of reaction. but We have not yet reached 'normalcy' for the readjustment has not been uniform and there is not yet established natural and equit- able basis for the exchange of goods for goods, or goods for service.
 Until the purchasing power of the farmer improves" he continued. ''it will, of course, be idle to look for any rapid or substantial inn provement in domestic trade. see, however, that the outlook for the farmers is more hopeful
 Manufacturing Costs
 Other things to be taken into ac- count In the readjustment process. Governor Harding declared. were the indications that manufacturing costs have not declined in proportion to primary production costs and that the cost of distribution and of do- ing business are disproportionately high Restoration of normal condl- tions in agriculture, commerce and industry, he asserted depends, to a very great extent upon the reduction of essential items of expense as taxes. freight rates, rents and fuel
 Much depends upon the results of the armament conference, Governor Harding maintained, declaring that adoption of the American program would have "a profound effect upon the finances of the world" Invest ment in foreign securities, he added, would improve foreign exchange con- ditions but before loans would be made in any large volume it would be necessary to inspire American investors with confidence in the poll iticai and financial condition of Europe.
 "A successful outcome of the con- ference for the limitation of arm ment," he said, should do much to inspire confidence in the political stability of the world ap< when the governments of the various countries i in Europe balance their budgsts oy llimitlnE the amount Of their e5pen. from taxation and other sources, and discounted the emission of new is- sues of uncovered paper money. there should follow a restoration of confidence In the economic and fin ancial condition of Europe.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
HEFLlN TO BE ORATOR AT SOUTHERN SOCIETY
 MEETING IN NEW YORK

Washington, December 1S.-(spe- cial. )-Senator Heflin of Alabama left tonight for New York, where to- morrow he will deliver the annual oration before the Southern society of New York. The senator will re- view the glorious part the south has played in the history of the United States Prom Washington to Will son" will be the subject of his ad- dress
The Birmingham age-herald., 1921-12-14
CURLEY ELECTED
 MAYOR OF BOSTON
By Associated Press

Boston, December 13.-Former Mayor James M. CurIey was elect ed mayor of Boston today by plurality of 2.315 votes over John R. Murphy, former fire commits sloner, in one of the closest mayoralty contests in the his tory of the city. The other two candidates ran way behind. The vote wasi Curlcy, 73,s8s, Murphy. 71,554; Charles S. Baxter. 4,243; Charles S. O'Connor, 1O,S12.