The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-04-23

~ THE DEPARTMENT

movement in colonies is treason with respect
to the revolution, and is jingoism which is
the worst form of chauvinism. In this kind
of Socialist Patriotism lies the greatest
danger for the revolution. Against this
danger you must fight energetically, and
not with words, but by acts. Not only must
you speak of revolution in the colonies as
did the II International, but you must as
sist by action every colonial revolutionary
movement"
IN THE SECTIONS OF THE CONGRESS.
(Petrograd Pravda, July 2S 192O)
National and Colonial Questions.
On the first day the work of the Sec
tions is on nationals and colonial questions.
These questions have now become practical
questions of the revolutionary struggle This
is clear from the fact that so many colonial
countries are represented ait the Congress,
such as India, Korea China, Persia and so
forth. The II International even in its best
years, could not boast of such an interna-
tional membership as we find here at the
End Congress of the III International. The
toiling masses, many millions, of the Orient
have developed closer relations. 1t is natural
that their revolutionary representatives
should be at World Communist Congress.
European and American capitalism pitt
lessly repressed and oppressed the coopies,
took away all the vital strength of oppressed
nations, and doomed them to stagnation and
ruin Now new times have come even for
the most backward and oppressed. An
enormous quantity of inflammable material
has accumulated everywhere.
Dutch India (Conrade Maring).-A So
cialist propaganda has been conducted there
for about five years. Imported" capitalism
did not permit the development of a local,
native bourgeoisie; but there has been an
adequate number of large power robbers
Cspitalistic development went forward, as
did also the process of depriving the local
population of land and of running the small
artisans. In Dutch India (Java) there are
thirty millions of Mussulmars. Of this num-
Der twenty-four millions are peasants. The
prcletarians number three millions. In 1912
occurred the first great mass movement
which brought into the foreground workmen
and peasants. II took place under the slogan
Of the struggle of Islam against foreign
capitalism.
A new revolutionary movement already
has history of three years. The most re-
volutionary elements are the railroad work
ers. Ten Thousand of the forty thousand arr
already organized. At Java there worked
both reformists and revolutionary Socalis
Party, the latter having now changed it
name to Communist. The reformists hav,
only hundred members, all of them Euro
pean (colonizers). In the ranks of the revo
lutionary Socialist Party are 1900 Javes
and 100 Europeans.
Persia (COmrade Sultan-Zade) The i'm
portation of cheap manufactured goods from
abroad contributed particularly to the ruina
tion of the peasant masses and the sma
artisans. The peasant masses are cruelty eX
plotted by the Shah's clique, and by tn
feudals who own estates equal in size t
Belgium and Holland. There is no unity i
the ruling classes. This leads to constan
political strife in their midst. The agraria
aristocracy constantly looks toward "impt
rialist protectors" section of the mel
chant groups thinks mainly of the market
of the rich metropolis, while another sectio
sees no other way out except ito remain j
dependence.
! A schism took place among the propertie
classes in 1912, during the Russian attac
on Persia. 1t continued even during tn
period of the English occupation In vie,
of the weakness Of the ruling classes of th
native society, and Of the acuteness of tn
agrarlan relations, the revolution in tn
Orient is inevitably taking on enormot
social proportions.
| The institutions of revolutionary self-at
ministration, the Anjumani, which we're
existence in the time of the first revolution
have spread rapidly throughout the who
country.
| India (Comrade Roy) In India there al
| 37,000,000 landless peasants. Land owne
| shin is hiphly centralized. 600 To 700 prinr,