davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-12-13

viii Marcel wave help You to look
Vour best for the holidays? Make early
appointments for this work with Miss
Br;E%s in the Barber building. Bear in
ancc sometime, that She docs an kind
of hair work.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-12-13

DR. H: P. GREENE, Physician and Surgeon.
Once Ba1k block. Hours: 80 to ;, and to
p. M. Residence, SO Green St. Telephone
connection. Mornings and SUNDAYS bT an
pointment only. F
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-12-13

II IS the UsciuI practical gift that is
at the front this year aud this i where
the iabor-saviug electrical appliances for
household use come in. At the electrical
gift shop of Horton d. Walker are wash
'ng machines. sewing machines, vacuum
cleaners, percOlatOTs, coasters. grills.
tatlrons. lamps of all kinds .etr. Christ
mas delivery with easy payments can
be arranged for. Surprise the family
electriCally
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-12-13

If q handful of common salt is added
to the rinSing water. it keeps the clothes
from freezing until dry.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-12-13
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.

DR. Z. L. TRACY, Physician and Surgeon, ia
Main St. Office hours: to 9 a. M, / to p. m,
to $50 p. m. Tel. 256.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
NelO York Has Had
Five Liberty Poles

There were five Liberty Poles in all, but
each was erected within short distance OF
the other and all on the Common. In the south
end of the Postoffice, in the corridor facing
Broadway is a bronze memorial tablet mark
ing the site of one of the poles which stood
there. The last one stood opposite Warren
Street. and it is this site which has been Sc
lected for the location of the new pole. A
short history of each pole may be OF interest.
The first Liberty Pole was erected on the
evening of June 4, 1865, on the twenty eighth
birthday of King George III, and it proved to
be the curtain raiser for series of dramatic
events which finally eliminated in the War for
Independence.
This German King on British throne sig
nalized his advent to power by series OF
political blundcrs which were hardly equaled
by the Hohenzollernss He created an intense
antagonism to the royal government among
the colonies These blunders reached their
climax when Parliament passed an act taxing
the colonies for the total expense of che
French and Indian wars.
This mighty conflict, which forever ended
the dreams of French dominion in America,
mad virtually been won by the colonists them
selves The fall of Louisburg occurred on
the same day that Lord Give won his great
battle at Plassey. Lord Chatham remarked
when the news reached him: "This day Eng
land has gained an empire in the East and has
lost one in the West His words proved pro-
phetic. All through the subsequent contro
yersies Chatham remained friend of the
colonies. And on his death bed he was car
RED into the House of Commons to protest
hon hair in1a1
at the colonies. His counsel went unheeded.
hepressive and absurd laws were constantly
enacted and irritation grew.
Upon the passage of the stamp act the
eeionies were afame with indignation. For
the first timed armed resistance to the crown
vas definitely proposed. A delegation of citl-
zens presented themselves to the Governor ar
Fort George with blunt message TO tho
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
Fifth Liberty Pole Was
Near Murray Street

On this strip of private property therefore
was erected the fifth and last Liberty Pole
The Common Council was powerless to inter
fere, for, although the crowd must stand out
side the strip, the land belonged to the city
and it's use by the public could not be pre-
vented. By this happy discovery and the in
genious use made of it, the Liberty Pole was
preserved to the city for several additional
years. 1t had now grown to occupy dis
tinguished and important part in the pending
struggle. Orators referred to it as the very
citadel of their constitutional liberties, and
pointed out that it represented the triumph
over arbitrary attempts to destroy them. In
2 very real and genuine way the inhabitants
of this city in ITO considered the refusal OF
the authorities to permit the erection of the
pole as an abridgement of their civil rights
which they would not tolerate.
At length the material arrived for the new
pole, drawn through the streets from the
ship yards by six horses decorated with rib
hands; three flags flying and attended by sew
eral thousand inhabitants. 1t was raised with
out any accident, while the French horns
played God Save the King The mainmast
is forty-four feet high, surrounded by top
mast, twenty-five feet high. The wood comes
from Maine" So reads a contemporary ac-
count. The new pole was protected against
attacks by soldiers by having heavy iron bands
around it for considerable distance from the
ground. There was little chance of cutting it
down or finding an opening in which to place
gunpowder.
Some idea of the interest taken by the citi-
zens of New York in their Liberty Pole in
those days may be judged by the fact that if
a crowd of size proportionate to the popula-
ton of to-day should gather at the coming
celebration it would number in excess of $780,
900 persons.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
Taxes Worried the People
Euen in Those Days

The way was now open for an expansion of
the British Empire such her statesmen had
never before contemplated. A, loyal, vigorous
people, intelligent and patriotic stood ready to
carry the banner of st. Andrew and ST. George
to the uttermost ends Of an unknown continent.
But instead of q generous recognition by a
grateful government their efforts were re-
warded by the most stupid and contemplate
treatment that could possibly be imagined
1t is small wonder that the stamp act
proved the last straw and that people striv-
ing and desiring to remain loyal to powerful
empire should have beea forced at last to turn
from it in disgust In arranging the taxes
imposed by the stamp act not a single repre-
sentative from the colonies was consulted.
They might never have existed so far as the
British Parliament was concerned Nowhere
in the colonies themselves could local taxation
be imposed without representation. That prin-
cple had been established almost coincident
with the first meeting of the Selectmen at
Charlestown, and it was the cornerstone OF
English law as we'll. 1t is easy to understand,
therefore, the fury of the populace and the
sudden and determined stand taken instead OF
"beseeehing" and praying as usual. There
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
A Time for Drinking
Forty-One Toasts

The people of this city were so thankful
to be spared the horrors of civil war that it
was decided that some public celebration
should be held whereby the King and Parlia-
ment would be fully apprised of the lively
feelings of gratitude and loyalty their change
of attitude had inspired. A great day OF
public rejoicing therefore was planned for
the Kings birthday, distant but few weeks.
Upon that occasion huge barbecue was
ranged. Two whole oxen were roasted in the
park. Beer, bread and other articles of food
and drink were served in unlimited quantities.
Cannon doomed from warships in the harhor
and from the fort. The day passed in eXuber-
ant exhibition Of good feeling on the part OF
the people toward the crown In the evening
the royal Governor and prominent citizens
held a banquet at Burns's coffee house, at
which the greatest cordiality prevailed Forty
one toasts were drunk Everything possible
done to make the occasion a day long to
be remembered in the annals of New York,
and, to make assurance doubly sure, the citi-
erected huge pole in the park at the
close of the days festivities and ran up a
flag on which was inscribed "The King, Pitt
and Liberty"
This was the first Liberty Pole @nd the first
public appearance of the Sons of Liberty
Every one joined in the hearty plaudits which
greeted the colors as they were drawn to the
top of the staff. The pole ushered in an era
of good feeling, and before anything occurred
to mar the pleasant relations the Common
Council named a street for Lord Chatham,
and at a private meeting futher honor was
paid him by the subscription of enough funds
to purchase statue Of Mr. Pitt. This statue
was duly executed and stood for nl1na her
of years in Wall Street at about the junction
of William. 1t was destroyed a year or two
before the Revolution.
The first Liberty Pole therefore marked a
most important period in the approaching
struggle for independence. Had tn 1 cordial
state Of affairs continued; had George III
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
Liberty Pole "A Monument
Of Insult to Government

The fifth and last Liberty Pole remained in
place for five years and eight months. It's final
fate is thus recorded in one of that good old
Tory's letters, William Tryon, to Lord George
Germain, dated New York, November &c,
1875:
The Liberty Pole erected years ago this city
and which remained a monument of insult the
and of centiousness the people
month, by recommendation the inhabitants very
quietly taken down and removed by them"
And so, after the lapse of 155 years, New
York RECEIVERS one of her most distinguishing
pre-Revolutionary landmarks. The present
pole is as as possible an exact duplicate
of the original and stands in precisely the
same spot. In one important particular is there
a difference. The mainmast comes from our
west coast, the State of Oregon, in behalf Of
all the Pacific Coast states. through the Sc
attic Chamber of Commerce. And the original
State of Maine, through the kindness of Frank
c. Deering, of Saco, Ne, has furnished on
behalf of the east coast the topmast. In time,
perhaps, base may be added composed of one
stone from each of the states and territories
in the Union.
But the main thing accomplished is the fact
that New York once again rejoices in the
possession of an old-time relic that will stir
our patriotism and be forever an infuance for
good.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05

was curt order to the Kings representative
to get out of New York with his stamps; that
any attempt even to put them in circulation
would result in the annihiation of the Kings
forces.
To say that the officers of the crown were
surprised is to put it mildly Unfortunately
for them, the resources at their disposal to
contend with the situation wholly made
quate And there was nothing to do but make
the best of bad situation. When news
reached London of the really serious situation
created in America, Lord Chatham succeeded
in making himself heard, with the result that
the unfortunate act was repealed and it was
to celebrate this repeal that the first Liberty
Pole was erected.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05

effect that any attempt to enforce the stamp
tax would be met with physical resistance and
requested the officials to take no further ac-
tion
The boldness of this move, coupled with the
knowledge that the citizens were finally de-
ter1nined to resist the execution of the law,
even at the peril of their lives, brought a
SOLDERING second thought to the Lieutenant
Governor then temporarily in charge of af-
fairs at the fort. He thereupon issued proc
lamation to the effect that he would do moth
ing in relation to the stamps but would
leave it to Sir Henry Moore to ''do as he
pleases on his arrival Two days later the
Governor notified the committee-Judge Liv-
ingston, the Mayor Beverly Robinson, and
John Stevens-that he would not issue. nor
suffer to be issued, any of the stamps now in
Fort George
Upon receipt of this intelligence broad
side was issued, signed by these gentlemen,
to the effect that "the Freeman, Freeholders
and Inhabitants Of this City need no longer
fear the issuance of these stamps and to re,
turn to their former peaceful attitude prom
lslng that if any further cause for complaint
should arise the committee would again call
upon the citizens to defend their rights
1t will be seen, therefore, that the situation
had at last reached a critical stage Nuner-
former abridgements and encroachnlents
OF the peoples rights had created friction, but
never before had the people in controversy
thrown down the alternative of submission by
the crown civil war And the peremptory
manner in which it was carried out was also
unusual Heretofore, committees had been
appointed, respectful and most humble ad-
dresses to his most gracious majesty had been
presented and his august reply in most cases
was thankfully and meekly received, no mat
ter what the result. But now all was changed
The colonies had successfully conducted the
greatest foreign war in which England had
ever engaged, and taxed themselves to pay for
their share AS a result of this overwhelming
victory, British empire was now firmly es-
tablished in the New World. One by one, it's
early discoverers had been driven out. First
the Indians themselves, then the Spanish; next
the Dutch and finally their one great and pow
erful rival, the French.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
old
the
Valentines Manual

opinion continued in state of great excite
ment.
The debates in the English Parliament were
followed with the closest attention in New
York and the work of Lord Chatham on be-
half of the oppressed Colonists brought him
great popularity The Common Council at a
later date named Chatham Street in his honor
in recognition of his services. We have re-
tanned but small portion of the street re-
calling this great English statesman, but
originally the name extended along Park Row
from Broadway to the Bowery.
Pending the settlement of the disputed
measure Dame Rumor was busy not only in
New York but in Boston and Philadelphia as
-wel Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Adams,
Patrick Henry, Thomas jefferson and others
were watching the situation with keen inter
est A secret organization, the Sons of Lib
erty, who erected the first pole, sprang sud
denly into existence, and presently had
branches throughout all the disaffected states
In New York they were particularly aggres-
sive and offensive to the authorities. Their
headquarters were first in Burns's coffee
house, an dthen at Montanye's, on Murray
Street, opposite the park. They finally occupied
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
EW YORKS LIBERTY POLE TO BE RESTORED
Historical and Patri-
otto Societies To Be
Represented at Dedi-
cation; Also Tammany
BrdUes IN Indian Dress

read Alright the handwriting on the wall,
the subsequent history of New York
would have been vastly different. AS it was,
no lesson was learned; new aggressions on the
part of the English ministry soon reopened
all the old irritation. By one of those COM
mon impulses which no one can account for
the people always repaired to the Common
to air their grievances. and what was more
natural than they should gather at the Liberty
Pole? In this way the Liberty Pole became
part and parcel of every demonstration against
the government. And, of course for the same
reason it became obnoxious in the eyes Of the
royal authorities. Five times in succession
these poles were cut down, ostensibly by SOL
diers. One of these affrays resulted in a
scrimmage which involved over forty soldiers
and larger number of citizens. It was B
serious encounter, two persons being wound,
ed. Il was probably the first actual coniics
between citizens and the military that oc-
CURED before the Revolution, and it was Of
the greatest historical Importance in view OF
Battle of Golden Hill
Trouble between the people and the au-
thorities over the disturbances at the Lib
erty Pole finally led to the refusal by the
Common Council to permit the erection of the
fifth. 1t had by this time become quite clear
to those interested that the Liberty Pole itself
was not Objectionable, but the pole had be-
gun to take on significance that was un-
mistakable. So when the authorities declined
to permit its further existence the people were
just as determined that the Liberty Pole
should continue to live. So small piece OF
land running through portion of the Com
mon was found to be owned by private per-
son. 1t was an undivided right and meas
ured only IL feet wide by 100 feet long This
land has since been acquired by the city and
now forms strip of City Hall Park running
from about the west side of Broadway to
Murray Street to the present City Hall.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05

a small house at the corner of Broadway and
Ann Street. which they named Hampden Hall.
1t was this group which also sponsored the
other four Liberty poles that were erected in
the park.
After months of nervous apprehension such
as the colonies had never known before it be-
gan to be noised about that the government
would repeal the obnoxious stamp act. Moth
ing, however, was known definitely. 1t was
quite evident even to the most casual observer
that matters were approaching crisis. Would
it be peace or war?
On May 20, 1866, the suspense was ended.
A courier arrived from Boston with the joyful
intelligence that Parliament had repealed the
offending measure.
Word had come on John Hancock's brig
Harrison, six weeks and two days from Lon
don, that, on March 18, his majesty had
come to the House of Peers in his royal robe,
and, seated on the throne, had read to the
Commons, whom he had summoned thither,
message to the effect that che gave his royal
assent to their repeal of the stamp act" So
ended the first forcible resistance of the colo
MES to the crown.
The receipt of this joyful news created
the utmost enthusiasm in New York and
small broadside was Immediately issued by
Hugh Gaine, the local printer, and posted in
all the taverns coffee houses, ETC., and directly
occasioned the erection of the first Liberty
Pole.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
How 1t Was That a Street
Was Named After Chatham.

The procedure of repeal, however, took sew
eral months and the tension IN the mean time
kept New York in a ferment. This city has
always been the first to react toward any de-
velopment that affected the country at large.
Meetings had been held throughout the colo
nies pending news of theteppeal, and public
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05

flagstaff will be erected on the exact
cite of the old Liberty Pole which stood there
N 1766 and was cut down by the British when
thew occupied the city after the American
army evacuated New York.
II is hoped that this recrudescence of the
.ls Liberty Pole, which marked the rallying
,,ace of thousands who were fighting for their
.vil rights in re-Revolutionary days, will be
followed by other improvements in City Hall
Park The greatest Of these improvements
vll be the removal Of the old Postoftice that
now cuts off nearly half of the original land
set aside for the park. This land was sold to
the Federal government with the distinct un-
Outstanding that it was to be returned to the
municipality when the building was no longer
needed for postofice. Citizens with the well
fare Of New York deeply at heart believe the
time is at hand whe. the old Postoffice build
mo should 90. A citizens committee, includ-
,nc the Sons of the Revolution and the New
York Historical Society, has the project IN
charge. with a temporary Office at Is East
Fortieth Street.
In the procession, which forms at Fraunces
Tavern, will appear delegations from the New.
York Historical Society, Sons Of the Revolution,
Society of the Cincinnati, Society of Tammany,
the American Legion and representatives of
twentv-seven other historical and patriotic So
cieties in the city.
1t will be a colorful procession. Tammanys
sachems will appear in Indian costume, as
they did upon their first appearance. Flags
Of all our wars will be carried Senator Willis
Of Ohio will be the orator of the day. Presi-
lent Olyphant will present the pole to Mayor
Hylan and the children from the public
schools and the City History Cub will sing.
Bishop Manning will pronounce the benedic-
ton.
In order to get a correct idea of the geog-
raphv of the city as it was in 1766 when the
original Liberty Pole was erected it should be
understood that the City Hall was then at the
corner of Wall and Nassau streets. What we
now call City Hall Park was large space Of
practically unoccupied land belonging to the
city and known as the Common. In the days
of the Dutch and afterward it was the pubic
pasture land for cattle. And when we speak
Of the Liberty Pole we actually mean more
than one as there were five in all, and each
Was cut down in turn.
1t is the significance which these poles OBJ
tanned in the struggle for liberty which gives
them their historic Importance, and IN restor-
ing this ancient landmark New York has
rescued from oblivion one of the most out
standing and picturesque attributes of the
whole Revolution. A mere pole is nothing,
but when that pole symbolizes a nations aspl-
rations it means great deal. And that is the
part played by the old Liberty Pole during
the eight years struggle.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-05
Exercises Will Occur
in City Hall Park on
Flag Day, When Pole
Will Be Raised on the
Lnuun Near Warren St.
q, HENRY COLLINS BROWN

: EW YORK is to get back its Lib
nj erty Pole. Flag Day, Tuesday,
y June IA, in City Hall Park, great
flagstaff will be erected on the exact
Arizona republican., 1921-03-10

things were really well in hand. with the probability that there will be plen- ty of time for the disposition of all inn portant measures except such as po- litical lines have been drawn against, and which could not be passed in the present legislature if it had six months before it. Reference is here made to such bills as the civil admins tration bill and senate bill 126 pro- yiding for the issuance of tax collect ing anticipating bonds, which unex- pectedly became a party measure.
 The omnibus bill is hung up beween the house and the senate. The bill as it was returned from the house was referred yesterday morning to the committee on appropriations. with the understanding that it would be re- ported at o'clock yesterday after noon The bill was not brought out until last night, when the report rec commended non- concurrence in the house amendments. This report was adopted by a decided majority. the votes of some of the members being somewhat difficult of comprehension
Arizona republican., 1921-03-10

included fire insurance companies among foreign corporations, but tha. was stricken out on the ground that 1t would result in the hanging up of the bill in the house.
 Among the bills acted upon by the committee of the whole were the fol lowing: Prohibiting the grazing of ton secured an amendment providing that the law should not apply to stock under the care of herders.t
 House bill ITO, declaring the legiti- macy of children of natural parents and declaring their equal rights with chil- dren born in wedlock- MT. Scott op- posed this measure on the ground that band of a woman other than the moth CT of the natural child, his wife and her children would be subjected to great injustice.
 Gives History or biu Miss Boehringer of the house, the introducer of the bill. was asked to speak concerning 1t. She gave a his- she said, was uniform and was being widely adopted. She admitted the com plaint of MT. Scott; but contended that tho rights of tks natural child should be considered. The bill was favorably recommended.
 House bill I'll, making more rigid the law in cases of bastardy, was also recommended The bill authorizing trustees of schools to prescribe a uni form garb for pupils. and the bin di- recting county assessors to collect data
 concerning crop acreages.
 Senate bill 150. for the amendment
 of the constitution for the abolition of
 the state corporation commission. was given a favorable recommended by a party vote.
 This was the last proceeding of the
 senate in the committee of the whole
 which rose after 10 o'clock and took
 up unfinished matter on the senate calendar. The house at that hour was 1 just adJourning until half past nine o'clock this morning.
Arizona republican., 1921-03-10
DAVIS ON JOB EARLY

WASHINGTON, March s-Apparent- ly believing a labor secretary should labor Secretary Davis reached the la
 bor department today at n: 30 o'clock, an hour ahead of the office force He found even the elevators still asleep and walked up seven flights of stairs