davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

be used as a revolving fund to pro-
vide working capital during the in
terim between requests for money
and the sales of the debentures.
Recommendation was made that
such debentures be made eligible for
sale in federal reserve banks or on
the open market. Increase of the
maximum amount which may be loan
ed to single borrower from the fed
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27
TILLERY FARM HOME
DESTROYED BY FIRE

The ranch home of Thomas L. Till
cry near Josephine was completely
destroyed by fire last Friday and the
house and it's contents were q total
loss Mr.. Tillery was away from
home when the firss occurred and has
no idea how it started. While the
ranch house was not particularly q
commodious one it has been Mr. Till
ery's home for many years. The
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

A. A. Braten, who has been i'll with
la grippe for several days at his home
in the Blackmore, is again able to be
about.
Prof. Edmund Burke, experiment
station chemist, has been i'll at his
home on South Third avenue for sew
eral days but is now impriving.
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

house, furniture and all Mr.. Tillery's
clothing with the exception Of the
suit he had on were completely de-
stroyed.
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

eral banks from $4,000 to $4,000
was suggested.
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

There are those, apparently, who
are trying to make the pool hall an
issue of the new city administration.
Just how far they can go, whether
or not any chance will come, is too
early to predict. A resort where men
gather to play pool and billiards can
be as respectable as a church or as
tough as blazes. 1t all depends on
the character Of the proprietor and
the regulations prescribed by the city
government. If the proprietor in
sists on good order in his place of
business, then the city authorities
will never be compelled to intervene.
If, on the other hand, the proprietor
of a pool hall or any other place of
business where men congregate for
recreation, is not insistent that his
patrons behave themselves, then he
is not fit to conduct the business and
his place should be closed. The mat
ter of Sunday closing is being more
or less discussed. The pool hall is
the poor mans club. There he meets
his friends, spends some of his leisure
time and gets a part of his enjoyment
of life. If pool halls are run as they
should be, and unless they are they
should not be run at all, there is no
valid reason why they should not be
open on a Sunday afternoon. The
farm hands come in from the country
on a Sunday. With the pool halls
closed they have no place to meet
to talk, to play. The same is true
of the labOring man. The lodge mem
Der can go to his club rooms and
spend a pleasant afternoon. The
other fellow has no place but the
streets. 1t is not a fair break. Peo.
.ple are coming to look at this in g
more liberal manner in other places
as witness to the fact that in Butte
the Y. M. c. A. is open in all its de-
partments on Sunday, and is proud
of the fact. In spirit of fairness tx
all a bit more liberality in our owl
town might not come amiss.
A good suggestion was put up a
the Rotary meeting last Wednesday
CNShlhS. AnSIS are MANY men III
Bozeman who have contributed mucl
to the local Y. M. c. A. 1t was sug
gested that these men pick out boy
who could not afford to join the 'Y'
and make them the benificiaries O.
their contributions. This would in
crease the membership of the "Y'
and, what is of more Importance, in
crease the good it can do in the com
munity. The "Y" should be the gath
ering place of all the youth O
Bozeman who cannot afford to be
long, and there are, the communit
should see to it that they have a mem
bership card. That is what we bull
the 'Y" for and therein lies the great
est field of it's work. Get these boy
interested in the institution from
physical standpoint, get them usin
the gymnasium and the swimmin
pool and you have started them o
the road to better citizenship, fo
there is nothing that makes for
real man than the participation
good, clean sport.
The Bozeman courier., 1921-04-27

I>NN>NNNNNNN>NNsSNN>N>GN

All last week the valley was busy.
In every field four horses hitched |
abreast titled mellow, sweet smelling
earth. Here and there a small tractor
did it's part in preparing the soil for
the coming crop. Men were every
where working. But the significant |
part of the whole farming scheme
was that the women were working
too. Not working around the houses,
not making garden or tending to the
chickens, but actually working in the
field with their husbands. There is
something big, something grand
about the sight of these country wo-
men of the Gallatin who have the
strength and the courage to help their
husbands put in the crop. 1t is some
thing so far removed from the froth
of life, from short skirts, silk stock
ings and peek-a-boo waists, from
"affinities" and constant bridge part
les, that a person wonders if the two
belong to the same species. North of
the Belgrade road there is little
woman with three children, the baby
less than a year old. A nine year
old boy takes care Of the other two
youngsters while the little mother
runs a tractor. In the next field the
father is driving his team. In other
fields of the valley women can be
seen running disks and harrows, doing
their part, yes more than their part,
to help their husbands make good. We
read tales of pioneer women and their
trials, legend tells of wonderful wo-
men in history, but right here in the
Gallatin valley we are face to face
with the same thing. We judge slow
ly, some of us, confusing values and
grudging honor to whom honor is
due, but we can all pause to do honor,
to think with respect and perhaps
with envy, of these wonderful women
on Gallatin valley farms.
Have you noticed the trend of move
ment in this country. 1t is worth a
thought or two. Booze is down and
out, officially, though fighting for a
chance to stand again. Tobacco is
an increasingly popular target fol
the crusaders, who are determined
that it shall follow booze. Some or.
ganizations deny this, but their ac
tive operations belle their words
Motor cars are flattening out the
churches to such an extent that it i:
difficult to obtain an old time Sunday
congregation on Sunday morning
Only three count of the many, bu
they tell the velocity of the wind ant
the way it blows.
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23
JUDGE CHARLES G..
" MOTT JR. Says: "For
my part, I should be gerry
sorry to see q aUomd1 conn.,
PEELED to SIT as q Juror IN q
criminal case"

that most women are willing to do
their share of the work, however. /
know the more intellectual type of
women feel that way, and I rather
think all Of them do.
Femininity Not in Peril
GAS for the fear that hearing
criminal cases will impair women's
femininity, | firmly deny it. Being
lawyer has not impaired mine, and
sitting in the trial of case in which
a crime was committed would not
hurt that of other women. No more
than reading about the trial in the
newspapers.
"No. There is absolutely no rea-
son why women should not perform
this service or enjoy this privilege
of citizenship, and / think the law
will be amended"
Supreme Court Justice Erlanger's
view is that women would be hap
pier and perhaps more useful as
jurors in the trial Of cases which did
not require protracted attendance.
$50 far as civil cases are con
cerned," he said, "I think women
should be eligible as jurors.
"Of course, there are many in
conveniences to which they must
adapt themselves, but, on the whole,
I do not see why they would not be
as competent in civil cases as the
men who now serve.
Not for Criminal Cases
"In criminal cases, where jurors
are required to serve at times for
weeks and then at the close of the
case are at times kept together in
t.eliberation all through the night,
there is great doubt as to whether
women could stand the strain.
Gwen in civil cases women with
young children or with other re-
sponsibilitics ought to be exempt
"From experiences in other states
it has been proved that women jur-
crs have not been oversympathetic
with their seq, and have rendered
verdicts that have commended them
to the presiding judges, who have
publicly expressed their admiration
of their work."
IL am in favor OF It ocrnissivc
bill, which would make women cligi-
Die for jury service on the same basis
~ .ugu,' said Miss Helen McCor-
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23

mick. Assistant Deputy District At
torncy in Queens County. II do not
believe women should be compelled
to do jury duty by legislation. Any
woman should have the right to be
excused on request-the right to de-
cline because of sex.
just as Good
"Women will not make better
jurors than men, but they will be
quite as good. By permitting women
to serve as jurors the material from
which juries are formed will be
largely increased, and the broader
the field of selection the better the
product.
"To my mind home and mother
hood are the most sacred things in
any normal woman's life. But there
are women Of scarcely more than
middle age who have achieved their
ambition, whose families have grown
up, whose homes, perhaps, may le
empty; there are childless married
women. Among women fitted to
serve on juries are those whose
household tasks are performed by
other hands.
"Women to-day realize that their
enfranchiscment vested them with
solemn civic duties. Opponents of
suffrage asserted that we would re-
gard the ballot as plaything, to be
utilized for while, then discarded
for some social fad. The election
returns prove the falsity of this
forecast.
"Men should remember that duty
is u word Of mighty meaning to a
normal woman. The duty Of mar
riagc ana homemaking, as I've con-
ceded, comes first, but that does not
mean that there are no secondary
duties. We have shown that we can
vote with intelligence and percep
tinn. We can serve as jurors lust
~ efficiently.
"Womcn will 5sing caiN.non -ensc
mo jury box"
Miss Rose Rothcnbcre, Assistant
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23

Deputy District Attorney in con-
nection with District Attorney
Swann's Office, has also gone on rec
ord as favoring jury service for
women.
"Women's service on juries is just
a continuance of their responsibilities
assumed in voting" she says. II
believe that women should be drawn
on juries just as men are. Their
qualifications should be the same.
Ia cases where women are on trial
it would be only fair to have women
on the jury"
In an honest trial of women in
jury service Miss Rose Young, edi-
tor of The Woman Citizen, believes
many benefits may be gained to the
courts and to the state.
"Women have a distinct contribu-
ton to make to the COURTS" says
Miss Young. "Women have an in
stinct for balance between motive
and deed. They have feeling for
the value of humanity. Their ma
ternal instinct extends to the better
ment of the race.
"That doesn't mean that women
are sentimentally merciful. l be-
lieve that women should assume the
responsibility of sitting on juries."
Not a Sex Question
Miss Amy Wren, practicing at
torney in Brooklyn, says:
"Sex should have nothing to do
with jury duty. Names of women
should be put in the box in equal
numbers with those of men; the
names should be drawn and accepted
just as they come. The law of aver
ages would take care that women
would he represented adequately"
Miss Wren would not admit that
women are less fair to women than
men are.
Men certainly do hesitate to con-
Wet Il woman when the death pen
atty awaits ner; The history of Won
e. criminals in the courts has shown
t'at, bat you may be sure no group
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23
A Right of Citizenship

osing one OF thoge who plan TO go
- Albany for the purpose Of work
a's fof the bill amending the law TO
mrmit women TO cit on jurics, Mrs.
1sniine o. Field Is naturally in IA
~ y oa the proposed legislation. Mrs.
!. 's'o 10 z lawyer and president Of
- Criminal Bar Association.
NOV that women are citizens,
~ should enjoy the rights Of cit
@saship," she said. "Onc Of thegc
,,sats ~ that Of serving on the jury.
nao 1o far AZ / can see, there IL no
s*oD Why they should not exercise
r'Gnt. Why shouldn't they,
e allg It would causc them 10
fsreSt than they DO non
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23
/~r| &. 1NCro
MRS. PAULINE O. FIELD avho believes that r serv;ce
IS Of the rights Of citizenship auomen should haze

OF women sitting in judgment on the
life OF another woman are going to
consign her to the electric chair any
more readily. Whatever the joke
makers may say about the feline
qualities of women toward their own
sex, women. have a horror of the
death penalty, and would inflict it
only under great pressure"
Judge Talley Opposes
Judge Alfred J. Talley, of the
Court Of General Sessions, probably
has taken the most determined stand
against women as jurors. Discuss
ing it, he said:
"If one could distinguish between
what is right and what is a duty
and keep that distinction clearly
before our minds there would be
no difficulty in arriving at salts
factory conclusion of this very en-
tertaining discussion.
"The fallacy Of the reasoning of
those who advocate the service of
women on juries consists in this:
That they regard and insist that jury
service is a right Of citizen, which
right is coincident with and INSOFAR
able from citizenship.
Thanks, Not Compliments
Because Of usage we overlook
the significance of a common ex-
preston. How often we hear a man
inform his neighbor that he cannot
make a business engagement be-
cause he is doing jury duty. 1t is
undoubtedly a duty and is always
SO regarded, just as, for example,
another duty of citizenship-the duty
of bearing arms in defense of the
government.
ut is frequent custom upon the
part of judges whose high estate
has not so rarefied the atmosphere
as to exclude certain amenities
which help to make life pleasant
to thank julies at the completion
of their terms Of service. No one
ever heard jury complimented
upon having had the privilege of
neglecting their business affairs and
domestic or social obligations. They
are invariably discharged with the
thanks Of the court for the manner
in which they have performed the
duty imposed upon them by the
law. We are not as o rule dis
charged from the enjoyment Of
privileges, but from The stern ne
cessities Of duty and it's generally
irksome performance.
"Not all men are called upon to
do jury duty. The doctor, the law
yer, the engineer, the editor, the
priest and many others are exempt
from service and cannot be compelled
to serve for reasons which have ap-
peared sound from time to time to
our lawmakers.
"The reasons for these exemptions
are too obvious to call for narration.
The underlying idea is that the scrv-
ices generally required Of these
classes in their peculiar vocations
are of more benefit to the body
polite than would jury service be.
And the result is that these types
Of men, with excellent mental and
physical equipment, are never called
upon to serve as jurors.
"It is my thought that women, all
women, should be free from jury
service as an exemption from duty
which the law imposes upon less
favored citizens.
"They should be exempted because
the work which the laws of nature
have designed for performance by
wsmcn is of paramount Importance
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23
Bench and Bar Divided

13tSil ilic JCIiCA dliQ IHS Od1, UC-
iag most intimately associated with
.,nries, are divided as to the advis-
..bility Of employing women in that
capacity. Among judges there is a
pronounced opposition to the en-
ployment Of women as jurors in GRIM
NAL cases. Judge Charles c. Mott
i, Of the Court Of General Sessions,
discussing the proposed law, said:
Women having obtained the
-vote, am unable to see, as strict
natter Of logic and principle, why
hey should not be liable to service,
md ! an inclined to think that fit
zsss tor jury service is not deter
lined BY sex, but rather by the
;.tness Of the individual. There are
undoubtedly a large number of wom-
81 who would make poox jurors as
mere are men; also a large number
;ould make good jurors. as there are
large number OF good male jurors.
When it comes to service on Grim
aal cases. however, there are GER
szin practical matters that, in my
e2inioa, constitute grave drawbacks.
snrles in criminal cases are fre-
elen:'y Kept together in the jury
19cnn all night ana sometimes for
'airty-six hours and more at q
stretch. This would be great
9ays;cai strain on women and might
SUBJECT them to many annoyances.
occasionally, in a very important
saSe jury is kept together during
sae whole progress of the case and a
similar condition is present. There
sfe ago a very large number Of very
s'sagreeable and disgusting cases
Were the evidence is unspeakabE
sspulsiye. Not only would women
lave to, sit in the jury box and listen
% the evidence, but in the jury room
saey would be compelled to discuss
= with male jurors and they would
pe compelled to do that often in con-
ianction with male jurors who would,
" say the least, make the task no
essier or less embarrassing.
FOR my own part, therefore, I
would be very reluctant To see a
oman compelled to ait as juror in
ne criminal courts"
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23

w e@A'y SCA VIC WIICu CIIcy uIlSuC De
called upon to render upon either a
grand or petit jury. Some women
may still storm against what they
call the inequality of the laws. and
they may with great resolve pro-
nounce their unyielding abhorrence
and detestation Of the word male
when it is found between the covers
of statute book, but in their hearts
they know that the law of nature
is paramount to the law of man.
The one is human, finite, fallible; {;
the other is divine. And it is part
Of the divine plan that woman Is
destined and qualified for the bear
ing of the children of the race and
for the creation and guardianship
Of the homes of the world and of
their maintenance in love and honor.
'In the chances of life some wom-
en- escape from the primary duties
of their sex, but laws are not made
nor customs formed for or by the
exceptional. Public policy requires
that certain laws be made for the
protection of women for no other
reason than that they are women.
The laws prevailing throughout the
land regulating the hours and meth
DDS Of the employment of women are
instances which readily occur to
mind. Our exceptional woman says
to the law, you shall not provide
that l may not work as long or as
late as a man. BY so doing you are
interfering with my rights as a cit
izen, with my right of contract, with
my right as an adult citizen and
voter to sell my services when and
how and where I please
Against Her Will
But the highest court in our land
says to the woman, The future of
the race is of more Importance than
your right of contract; the mainten-
ance of healthy women and the need
for healthy offspring is paramount
to your earning capacity and ambi-
ton. You are a woman and the law
will protect you even against your
self for the general weal-for the
welfare Of the Republic
Il am mindful of the fact that
these things are trite and familiar,
but all fundamentals are necessarily
SO, and these considerations are basic
and fundamental.
''lt is fallacy to argue that rhe
right to vote carries with it the right
to sit on iur;es. The premise is
faulty as soon as we admit that jury
service is not right or privilege,
but duty.
"It likewise cannot safely be ar
gued that woman's right under the
Constitution to trial by her peers
is interfered with unless women are
called upon the jury. The reason
able Interpretation OF the constitu-
tional right Of citizen to trial by
q jury Of his peers is that a juror
must be 6 ciCizen, and citizen is
entitled 20 4 trial by persons who
are at least citizens. If there is any
force TO the suggestion that woman
citizen is entitled to & trial by her
peers and that her peers means other
women, it could likewise be argued
that all the other existing limitations
affecting jury duty in this state
should be abolished as Offering ufi
Just discrimination.
Jury Qualifications
For instance, the Judiciary law
ro~ provides that . mae citizen must
have something else beside the righs
1.
New-York tribune., 1921-01-23
MISS ROSE YOUNG, qvho
4'A says aUonaen haze q con-
t7lbutlon to make to the
courts

in problems of civic interest. They
would learn, among other things,
what constitutes a transgression of
the law and what is meant, in legal
terminology, by declaring a person
guilty or not guilty. Very few wonl-
en- know this now.
"Women ought to derive a new
sense of 1f-satisfaction in serving
in this way the community in which
they live. ] don't for the moment
know whether the Legislature will
be asked to amend the law permit
ting women to sit in all jury cases.
or only those involving crimes.
"But the Legislature will be asked
to permit them to sit in cases COM
ing before General Session which are
criminal cases. For myself, 1 would
like to see them sit as jurors in all
trials, no matter what their char
acter.
Have Proved Judicial Capacity
II am sometimes asked whether
think women are mentally equipped
to do jury duty as we'll as the men.
l can only reply to this that women
have proved their intellectual equal
ity already. No one could criticize
Judge Norris, for example, because
of mental deficiency. She has DEM
onstrated her ability to render high
service, and so can other women. 1t
depends on the woman. Some are
born smart and some stupid, as is
the case with the men. The fact of
sex itself makes no difference.
"It has been suggested, also, that
there are certain practical obstacles,
such as proper rooms for women
jurors to deliberate in, but these are
matters that can be taken up once
the law is amended. First give the
woman the right to sit on the jury.
The rest will come"
"Would you have mixed juries?'
Mrs. Field was asked. "That is,
would you have men and women
serving together as jurors in the
trial Of criminal cases?"
why not?" replied the woman
lawyer. II would call them the same
as the men. If Mrs. Browns name
came up after that Of Mr.. Jones's
the order of selection would proceed
in that manner. II both were chosen,
both would sit in the jury box.
There is no reason for making dis
ordinations"
As TO Home Duties
Mrs. Field was reminded Of the
objection that serving on juries
would be an additional cause for
taking women away from their
homes and shorten their time for
doing their household duties, but she
laughed at this.
"Women do not stay at home all
the time, as it is, waiting for their
lords and masters to come home.
They have time to go, to teas and
matinees. Why couldn't they spend
the time they now devote to teas and
theatrical performances to serving
on juricf! 1t wouldn't really take
much more time. And they would
be learning something really valu-
able, and be doing their city a serv-
ice"
"Well, would you make jury scrv-
ice for women as compulsory as for
ncn?"
"Ycs," replied Mrs. Field. "Of
course, would have the judges
grant exernpti,ne when neccsaasy.
Illness, or phygical ineapacity,
0oould be M exom.sklo in ne case
~ wc.nen as n Ghat Of nssi. ! t5stk