davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-05-29

who appeared in Paris under the tutelage
of a brilliant young British officer to plead
the cause of self determination.
The British wanted self determination In
Syria, because they did not want the French
there. They did not want it in India, in
Ireland or in Egypt, because they were there
To-day they do not want self determination
in Upper Silesia, because it means an acces-
sion to French strength But they have
invoked and they will again invoke this
principle, so dear to Mr.. Lansing's heart,
whenever ii falls in with British policy.
France did not support Italy in the DAN
nunzio policy. because she was not sympa-
thetic with the Italians in this instance and
saw her advantage in following President
Wilson. But she is sympathetic with the
Korfanty exploit, because it contributes to
serving a French purpose.
At Paris Mr.. Wilson's principles his Four
teen Points, served admirable basis
for dragging him in direction and then
in another. Whenever any European Power
wanted something or wanted to prevent
some other Power from getting something
appeal was made to some one of the Four
teen Points and American support was
enlisted. We supported the Bulgarian claim
to window on the 4Hgean" at the expense
of Greek aspirations, and the Italians sup
ported us against the French and British,
VINO were playing tne 1reek game. but one
day the Greeks offered the Italians a piece
of territory in Anatolia. and Italian interest
in Bulgarian access to the Egean vanished
into history.
And it is well for Americans to realize
now that the Upper Silesian dispute is no
more than the first evidence of a European
return to old policies. The battle between
old rivals and new is to be fought in the
femiliar way. Europe is striving toward a
new balance of power. France. at the mo-
nent the dominant power on the Continent
is seeking by building up series of al
lances with Poland, Rumania. Jugo- -Slavia
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
"ConfidenCe Is Worlds Greatest Need"

sion he would give it at once The consid-
GRAFTON would not be repeated. In effect
he said that this is the kind of mind he
admires and what q man admres he
usually tries to emulate.
But quick on the trigger as his answer
may be to any question he has thought
over and decided on, his speech " lie fluent
is not hasty. He takes time to develop his
thought and to give ample phrase to its ex-
preston. And he is always. it is safe to
say, a rather slow speaker.
Not that his speech is ponderous. 1t isn't.
1t is colloquial in the extreme and he is
not above tightening it by a. joke or qup
akin to one now and then. The quip is
intellectual and is not intended to excite
laughter in fact so serious is his manner
that 1t is only after the interview is over
that one is apt to appreciate what an
amusing turn was intended.
His speech and manner. indeed Justify
his physical appearance for he stands sew
eral inches more than six feet in shoe
leather and his weight Is proportionate.
He does not emphasize points by changes
in voice but neither is he monotonous
speaker. He knows the value of infection
hut doesn't push ii to extremes. What he
has to say too is said almost without II
gesture. As he said some of the trenchant
things in this dialogue which attempts to
give faint likeness of how the man looks
to a stranger he did not raise or lower his
voice and his hands lay quietly on the desk
in front of him.
Once he was called TO the telephone by
New York and then, as he was evidently
speaking to a friend, the voice sounded like
that of anoth. man altogether il was big
and hearty. full of good fellowship and a
genuine contentment with life. Everybody
in his New York office speaks of him and
to him as IS. "" and perhaps they do the
same In Philadelphia.
This Is sign that seldom if ever fails
TO prove that the man SO initiated Is liked
by his fellow workers. of whatever degree
and that he reciprocltes their liking
An impression of permanence If that may
he said of anybody in this transitory life
Is what Mr.. Nauclan conveys. II doesn't
seem likely that he could be moved from
thing he had made up his mind about any
more than the eternal hills could be- But
IT must be admitted that he isn't as pic
turesque the hills have way Of being
and therefore he is not easily described.
One can't talk about his mannerisms unless
it be TO remark that he hasn't any.
The New York herald., 1921-05-29

is paralyzed and helpless. If ever coun
try needed a doctor it is Russia
'Idealism may be very we'll as an amuse-
ment or theme for talk when nation is
in health but idealism, false or true, is
futile applied TO a nation in the throes Of
DEATH
Bringing his gaze from far off, unhappy,
sick Russia to his own country, Mr.. Van
claim said
'The outlook for America is good. only
the trouble is that at the moment there s
nothing but outlook. This nation is very
rich and it can't help growing richie, only
the people must get busy Everybody has
got to 90 to work. We need to put on steam
and to do that needs coal. The work of
our people furnishes this coal What say
is to coal up and go ahead That's all that
is required to assure business everywhere.
"The railroad situation is precisely the
same as the situation of every other wide
spread business. 1t is spurred by labor,
ii frets under idleness. Like every other
trade, manufacture or profession, it draws
the breath of life from mutual confidence.
That Is what | am constantly saying is the
panacea for all the evils of the world
Europe and America and every other in
habited part where civilized man is to be
found Confidence in each other man to.
lward man good will to one another-that
destroys wars at their egg, that qulets quar-
rels between capital and labor. that sets the
wheels of production going Mt a normal
speed.
by next November, or at the latest De
cember, these wheels will be revolving. Then
it will be a wild bid for ma aterals and for
labor: then prices for both will soar. and
our difficulty will be in trying to keep both
within natural bounds so as not to have Il
return of what we have just weathered
through.
II see this feeling Of confidence slowly
but surely growing all over the world and
/ think that this country. even while this
feeling was somewhat low in degree. never
actually had anything to worry about. III
it had the necessity has passed and now
that the people are going back to work ear
nestly they are taking the best steps pos
sble TO prevent its recurrence. Prosperity
comes from resumption of work. and as
was said about specie payment the way to
resume work Is to resume
The impression given by Mr.. Nauclain Is
that he would give any subject that came
before him for consideration an ample
amount Of it, but when asked for deci-
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
With Old and Italy
Selfish Frank H Snonds While the Gallo Re
public Seeks Aggrde Poland Take RWsias Place Its Chief Ally

few crimes which We're not momentarlly en-
HANGED by the approval of American ideal
ism, which did not understand but never
hesitated to act. As for the German, his case
is il good hands and the Pole, now, as al
ways finds himself the victim of a world
which is prepared to keep the peace of
E'ul ope no matter what sacrifice il entails
uror the Pole, the Serb, the Bulgarian or
any other small people. similar policy
found it's ultimate expression In the Con-
gress OF Berlin, but it also foupd its logical
outcome in the world war begun as a con-
sequence of the Bosnian episode.
Secretary of state Hughes's refusal to per-
NIT this country to be drawn into the dis
crssion, even on the appeal of the Poles, was
wise and to be expected but il did not pre-
vtnt Lloyd George from asserting that
American public opinion, as expressed by the
nc wspapers, stood with the French and the
Italians. and it did call forth certain British
suggestions that it would have been better
if we had acted, of course, on the British
size.
But the whole Upper Silesian controversy
must to indicate how essential it is
for us, now we have gone back to Europe, to
watch our STEP At Paris we were made
nothing more nor less than tools of British
p> icy, because the British We're wise enough
to study, not only Mr.. Wilson's fourteen
points but Mr.. Wilson himself and make
every appeal for American support on a
carefully calculated arrangement of their
case to meet both the fourteen points and
Mi Wilson's own personal views.
There was nothing unfair in the game,
marked cards but only one nation was rep
resented by supreme players, and that ma
ticn took all the tricks and won all the
prizes. We are back in the game and any
orc who was at Paris can see familiar
signs.
Our vote will still be decisive. What re-
mains to be settled is who will cast it?
C cpyright, 1921, bU Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicate.)
The New York herald., 1921-05-29

q HE was kissed by Lincoln. This Is a
bright recollection of her girhood
~ days that cheers the declining years
Of Mrs. Charles T.. Wilcox of Brooklyn and
as the anniversary of Lincolns birth rolls
around each year she lives over again the
events of that red letter day in the calendar
Of her youth. For, as may well be imagined
Abraham Lincoln Is to Mrs. Wilcox. as TO
most good Americans. the greatest man who
ever lived. and so she prizes more keeny
the remniscence OF the Great Emancipator
and the part she played in the inaugural
ceremonies Of 1861.
Mrs. Wilcox then Susan Duvall a golden
haired. blue eyed Southern girl of IL. was
one of the thirteen girls selected to repre-
sent the original thrteci States at the
inaugural ceremonies. The idea was to pick
the prettiest girl from each Of the States.
and to Susan Duvall, daughter Of Mr. and
Mrs. Anon Duvall or Baltimore, fell the
honor of representing Maryland.
A large float, gayly decorated with the ma
tional colors, was furnished for the bevy of
beauty. and. as may be imagined 1t created
sensation along the line OF march. After
the ceremonies were over and the White
House was reached Lincoln made a pretty
speech to each representative from the
various states ana kissed them all around
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
England Sets Bound On
Possible Rival in France

British policy seeks to keep Germany
measurably strong and united as "A restraint
upon France, historically the great British
rival in the world and in British eyes not
impossibly a future rival. Italy seeks the
same objective for similar reasons. to which
are added feelings of a personal character.
France seeks to keep Germany weak not
so much through the desire to dominate the
Continent as because Germany has been for
a century at least deadly menace to
French existence But to keep Germany
strong il is necessary TO limit Poland on all
sides, not only to prevent her from annex
ing German territory but from expanding
eastward into the regions which are his
torically Polish This is the whole Upper
Silesan dispute in a nutshell.
Simple as Is the issue, however. 1t is not
simple when II comes TO the American pub
lie through the medium of foreign des-
patches. We have learned to think of Carl
baldi's great exploit. when he set out with
his Thousand for Sicily and overthrow the
Kingdom of Naples AZ a deed of daring
patriotism But there is small difference
between the Garibald episode and that OF
Korfanty in Upper Silesia. Korfanty is
made TO appear as a criminal, the Poles as
the disturbers Of the peace Of the world just
as Austrian newspapers unquestionably
described Garibaldi in the last century be-
cause most Of our European news comes
from London, and British policy is gravely
weakened by the Korfanty exploit.
1t was precisely such affairs that made
us ridiculous at Paris and after Paris We
were constantly accepting the surface poiti-
cal indications as complete. We were never
i'm the current Of the real facts. To take an
example. when | first went to Paris dis
covered that the whole American press dele
cation was filled with reports of French
chauvinism, French Imperialism. SC. Sur
prised. ] made some Investigations and dis
covered that a bitter battle behind the scenes
wns being fought between the French and
British Foreign offices over Syria Since
the French insisted upon their rights as
established by the SySes-Picot Treaty, the
British were invoking the Presidents Four
teen Points and propagandizing on all sides
against the French using every opportunity
to impress the Americans with French mill
tarism and greed for territory.
What Britain wanted was an Arab king
dom occupying an Of the Arabian territories
Of Turkey, and naturally under British pro-
lection and under the rule Of IN Arab prins e,
The New York herald., 1921-05-29

ried in the plebscite the area which she
claims and most of what korfanty has occu-
pied. There is not the smallest question of
fact. No Interpretation of the language of
the treaty can fail to establish Polish claims.
BIT the British and Italians for purposes
British and Italian oppose, the French for
sin iarly selfish interests support, the Polish
cls ms and the Poles, despairing of justice,
have taken the matter into their own hands.
One word now as to the italian attitude.
italy is opposing France for many reasons,
tre first of which is historic jealousy and
rivalry. The French and Italians are Latins.
as we and the British are Anglo-Saxons and
the legend that blood is thicker than water
Is about as accurate in one case Is in the
otl er. Before the war Italy was IN ally of
Germany and Italian foreign policy was
chiefly anti-French.. largely because of
French success in acquiring the territories
in North Africa, notably Tunis, toward which
Italian aspirations were directed.
But in the conference of Paris Italy had
real grievances against France Clemenceau
treated the Italians very shabbily, and
French representatives, bowling to President
Wilson, turned their back not alone upon
Italian claims but upon Italian rights
taflished by treaty. 1t was the prompt
proclamation of italian neutrality which had
allowed France to use her Alpine corps
the German front and denude her italian
marches Wisdom and self-nterest both
dictated that France should support Italy
against Wilson, but France gave only per-
functory aid, and consequence Italy
felt and feels that she was deserted at Paris
a I'd has come out of the war in which her
imies made great sacrifices and suffered
grave losses, a loser-the one loser among
the Allies.
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
Hostility Has for It's Object
Restriction of France

The consequence has been the steady
hostility of Italy to France. Now Italian
hostility to Poland is like British, primarily
the result of a purpose to restrict France.
The Polish occupation of Upper Slesia is
in principle exactly the same sort of venture
as that of DAnnunzio at Fiume. AS to the
sacrcdness of the principle of self deter
mination, which the British and Italians
aege the Poles have violated what does
that mean to Italy, who insisted upon an
nexing 100000 German speaking Tyrolese in
the valley of the Adige, where there was
not even an italian minority, merely to give
Italy her natural frontier of the crests of
the Alps? What does it mean to Italy, who
has similarly annexed 1000 Slovenes be-
hind Trieste, simply to obtain defensble
frontier for the great Adriatic port?
Italy, like Britain, is interested in keeping
France within limits. Her policy is tinged
with hatred and resentment based upon
treatment which can hardly be justified. In
the British case there is no resentment no
bitterness, nothing but cold policy, but the
end is the same in both cases. The question
of Upper Silesia finds both the British and
the Italians united because it is funda-
mentally French and not Polish question
The policy of Britain in preserving Germany
finds Italian support because Italy, like
Britain, has no desire to see France DOM
mate the Continent through her Polish and
other alliances.
Poland,~then. has something Of the value
Serbia had in the days of the Balkan wars.
1t was because Serbia the ward of
Russia primarily that Austria and Germany
sought to destroy the small state and thus
weaken Russian prestige and influence in
the Balkans. And because of the system of
alliances in Europe all the other great
Powers were dragged in and the general war
resulted. But. just as in 1914 Austrian hos
tility to Serbia had its main origin in Rus
sian support of the Serbian state, in 1921
Anglo-Italian hostility to Poland has it's
chief explanation in French association with
Poland.
The New York herald., 1921-05-29

measure united and France weak. German
or Austrian armies, counting Austria the
great German power she before the
Napoleonic era, have overflowed into
France, as they did in 1870 and again in
1914
The advance of France to the Rhine
under Richelieu was no more than the in
stinctive desire of France to place between
herself and her hereditary enemy the single
barrier which, from the days of Rome on
ward, had been real obstacle to predatory
German tribes. French history from the
time of Henry ". onward has been a des-
perate battle to hold the northern frontier
and the eastern gateways into France
When France has been strong she has
pushed beyond the frontiers and conquered
When she has been weak, she has recoiled
and suffered devastating invasions
France made an alliance with Russia in
the closing years of the last century to pro-
tect herself, to obtain a measure of indie
pendence in Europe, which had been lacking
since Germany conquered her and reduced
her to the level of a second rate state.
French safety rested henceforth upon the
certainty that fresh German attack-and
many We're threatened-would be accom-
panied by Russian declaration of war, and
when the war came, while German troops
were VIGOROUSLY pushing toward Paris.
Russian invasion in East Prussia recalled
the German corps with which the Marine
might have been made German victory.
Germany defeated. France had two po-
htical objectives. The first was to reestab-
lish her northern and eastern frontiers. She
sought to do this by military if not political
occupation of the left bank of the Rhine
from Holland to Switzerland. In addition
she claimed the Sarre Basin. most of which
had been French before 1914 and had come
to France not as result of conquest but
by peaceful bargain with Austria, the
ancient owner. Her second objective was
an alliance with an eastern neighbor of Ger
many, which would insure a war on two
fronts for Germany II she made a new at
tack upon France
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
Women Noted for Odd Reasons
-ISS HAZEL MILLER. daughter of
Sheriff Miller. the only woman
iailnr in Alahanna shnwnd hn,.

\ IIss HAZEL MILLER daughter Of
MI Sheriff Miller the only woman
jailer in Alabama. showed her
nerve recently when fifteen members of an
alleged moonshiners murder ring were
placed in the Colbert county Jail.
Some of the desperate characters had al
ready been convicted of the murder OF Don
Stevenson. prohibition officer and the seri-
Gus wounding of Ed McPeters and Calvin
Highheld two other officers They were
guarded by Miss Miller while her father
and his deputies were securing the coun-
tryside for other members OF the band
With steady hand and firm tread she made
her rounds inside the Jail to sec that all was
we'll. No man could have displayed more
self possession.
Miss Miller is a student at the State Nor
NAL College at Florence. Ala. She is a win
some girl, we'll known ana much admired
she says she likes her job as keeper OF the
Jail
81 am not the least bit afraid OF any harm
while alone with the prisoners" she de-
clares. Il am often called upon al night to
make the rounds of the cells alone to see
that all is well while my father is out in the
county attending to his duties. but always
manage 10 keep my nerve"
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
Continued from Preceding Page.

ity that promise will be kept The exist
ence of the promise is known as / have
said, to every man on the place, and he
works for the fulfilment of it.
when ii is possible to make a quick
delivery to the man who wants it quick
we try to oblige him and we do as rule,
but we accept nothing for doing this favor.
We don't expect to be paid for doing the
right thing and we don't ask to be paid for
being obliging.
THAT as business policy extends fur
ther than this shop. The upshot of carry
ing 1t out is that we generally get our
kindness returned in kind and so will
every man or institution.
Here 1t Is not matter of volume of
customers. That effort to make big show
ing doesn't interest us. We are after
pleased customers They are the kind that
stick whether they are buying locomotives
or baby. carriages.
I'm 1917 they sent for me to go TO Wash
ington; they asked me to be chairman of
the cars committee and cooperative com
mittee of locomotives of the Council of
National Defence. | said they didn't want
me, who had SO many irons in the fire,
naming them. But they replied that be-
cause I knew these things and must know
them by my associations they needed me-
So of course served. | tell You this to be
able TO add that | went to Washington
sharing the general belief think it is
prevalent in the country at large-that the
heads of departments were pretty incom-
petent and managed the business of the
in itS rin dam urft, in
slovenly fashion. Well found that these
heads knew their business and went right
along doing it, keeping at 1t and working
hard to carry it through working far
harder than many a self-satisfed and sue
cessfui big business man. That taught me
not to accept the general judgment when it
leaned toward ignorant criticism.
"This knowledge of the way things are
really done in the Government departments,
all the time liable To the old red tape criti-
cism. is what makes me get out to say thar
this country has nothing to worry about
either in its present or in its future. 1t is
going on like Il well ordered business and
there isn't any higher praise to be accorded.
'Owing to general conditions all over the
world great precautions and much wisdom
win have to attend our political course.
Dut theSe are. l thlHk. at present working.
Business affairs to come back TO them, are
about the same all over the world OUT
escent. If not passive hut it Is temporary
condition. To hasten the change from this
quiescence to normal activity everybody
has got to get to work. That is personal to
all businesses and to all persons--it isn't up
to the Government
"As a locomotive man ! may he excused
If put the situation this way: There's got
to he fire in the fire box or the engine will
stand still.
"Our people are a lively people and quick
70 understand. They know that idle men.
loafers. incompetents are menace. but
they also know that the proportion Of such
detrimentals to the real workers every
where is very small. And they know too
that these dlers can't be driven to toll by
Washington.
The New York herald., 1921-05-29
Praises Secretary Hughes
For His Views on Russia

I'm Secretary Hughes we have man
whom | consider second to none who ever
held that portfolio. The expression he gave
when the resumption of trade with Russia
was being discussed was the finest / ever
heard He said m turning down the propo-
sition that Russia was an economic vacuum
aud In five words he said everything.
what is Russia to-day? That immense
country, 1000 miles from stem TO gudgcon