Mohave County miner and our mineral wealth., 1921-12-23

rates; and under the same fiat, as- sume control and operate any or all mines for the security of the state. But 10 per cent of the full amount of royalty (not rent) paid in must be returned to the miner at the end of each quarter year. Because this amount is the Mosaic tithe, the soul balm, the charity fund, which belongs to the worker and not to the state.
 The cash amount paid annually for surface displacement is known as "ground rent" The 3 per cent on production is known as royalty" Rent is surface and royalty is sub soil right of Eminent Domain, segre- gated. These charges set aside all local property taxation, leaving only road and poll taxes to local govern ment; the state dividing it's revenues with the local government instead.
 This simple, direct, self-collecting, indisputably just plan of taxation, aboishes the bullion tax, the property tax, the excess profits tax, and all of these wretched, multiplied abomin- ations, which have badgered the lives and ruined the souls of little and big mining concerns alike, and their attorneys. It gives all delivers one more chance to be honest, happy and prosperous.
 Extralateral Rights
 But to proceed: Since it has been demonstrated, and is self-evident without solution, that surface right does and must follow plane or hori zontal line, sub-soil right can not con flict, but must follow line at right angles to the surface, or vertical line. So, sub-soil right has only yer tical range. It is the right angle "side opposite" to surface right; so there can be no "side adjacent" angle between, or "extralateral" angle, to either horizontal or vertical rights. They exclude each other. Hence, there is no such thing in nature as an "extralateral right" It is a fic- tion; and the square claim with yer tical lines of right is proved without question.
 Details
 Let the United States make a be- ginning by adopting the metric system of land measurement to mining claims, giving the hectare value of 21a acres instead of it's value of 2,47l acres, as in France and other coun- tries. Then 4x4, or 16 hectares, would equal a 40-acre lot 1920 feet square, and constitute full claim. One hec- tare then will be 33O feet square, and should be the unit of location instead of the 1O-acre lot, as proposed in the new bill.
 As the homesteader is limited to 160 acres, on which he must live and make annual improvement for five years, limit the prospector to four full claims, or 160 acres, also-he can not do the work on more-and all partnerships and associations to 32O acres, by location, not including mill and reduction sites. Give the pros pector the privilege, at his option, of relinquishing one or two claims, if he has four on record, so that he can locate other ground. He seldom, if ever, has four good claims at one time, and is fortunate to have one good claim in four. The relinquished claim rights would compose his 'fly- ing squadron" with which he can chase booms. This will discourage land-hogging and encourage careful ness in selection of locations, which will rebound to his credit and restore public confidence in his work and oc- cupation. It will make prospector and miner of him instead of "desert rat" and "wild-catter." Five years from the date of his first license, if he can show that his "whole squad ron" has been sunk in real battle for a mine, provision should be made whereby he can preempt or renew his location rights-and all will we well with the deIver and the world of others.
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