davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
OLD CROPS AND NEW
An Early Importation

The wheat crop of the United States each year is a tremendous one now, and has been for great many years, yet wheat is not native to North America. Wheat was brought into this country. probably. by the very earliest settlers. and has thrived
 wonderfully. However, the depart ment of agriculture has found it nee essary to import high grade Russian wheats to improve the American crops.
 Corn is native of the western
 world, and the reverse process has
 taken place with that staple. Amer ican corn was taken to Africa many years ago, and has found conditions
 of climate and soil there so suitable for it's growth that African corn is quite as good now as the varieties produced in the United States. The
 white potato. or Irish potato. is an- other native of this hemisphere
 which has been taken to Africa ana
 grown in large numbers. Curiously
 enough, this potato is known in Afri- ca as the English potato"
 | One of the big things for which the l department is fighting Is to preserve i the chestnut trees of this country | against the pest which is obliteratine them. This pest is a blight which i has been destroying the trees for 6 1 long time. in spite of every means
 used to fight 1t. Finding that fight i ing the disease was almost useless 1 plant explorers were sent out to find | a chestnut tree somewhere in th'
 world which would grow readily 1T I the United States and resist thu
 American growth. A chestnut tre I has been discovered in Japan whicf
 will measure up to all of these re
 quirements, it is believed.
 Another task in which the depart
 ment is deeply interested is fightini ' the blister now destroying the Ar TT
 ican white pine. This fight has no
 yet come to the stage of exploration
 for a new pine which will resist tn blister. but that may be the fina i. move to save this lumber growth The present means of fighting tn !, blister is an heroic measure. base on the known necessities of the pes which causes the blister. This pes } is an odd one, spending part of 1t time on wild currant and gooseberr bushes. and the rest of the time O . white pines The bushes, when tn pest is present, develop yellow mot ? ting of the leaf In order to try control the ravages of this insect an I save the remnant of the, pines,
 campaign is being conducted to de il stroy the gooseberry and currar n bushes whenever they are found 1 l the neighborhood of white pines. a is impossible for the department :. predict the outcome of this battle. }. Plants go Through Quarantine Il After a plant Is found which 1t d desirable to bring into the Unite h States. due to regulations of the de e partment, it must be sent to Wash 8 ington to the plant quarantine sta
 ton there. This has been aptl
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
Peculiarly American

In his letter to Senator Jones on Saturday rela- dve to the reform of the shipping board by the srinsins to it of of marked ability Presdent Harding touches upon the causes of waste and failure in goverhinental activities ir this country
 '"Thers approximately s2oo,0eo,ooo in claims against the shipping board. No business man would venture the settlement of these claims without highly capable legal representatives The staggering losses in operation only be cured by board of operators whose members know lmething concerning the business These could with out giving private pursuits which vastly more profitable than the average administration salary under the government. and Chairman Lasker has proceeded with my hearty approval in the acquire ment of men equal to this task"
 With single exception. the men who have been called to the direction affairs of the shipping board have been. if not pygmes. men who unfitted for this supendous task. There have been two chief phases in the history of the board. The first the creative phase in which is was expected that great deal of money be hurriedly spent that results might be produced quickly possible It was not then regarded that of great business capacity were as essential of structive genius. Among those chosen was General Goethas. but he handicapped by the govern ment and his small associates that his genius was not given play That he was right in the dispute which terminated his relations with the board has since demonstrated.
 After the shipping board as war emer- sency organization went rapidly from bad into of continual breakdown-so that the end of the war to it a relief
 Now General Goethals creator thing and General Goethals as director would probably have been another In the second phase he might not have succeeded for then of gigantic busi- capacity needed. He not experi- enced business but gigantic emergency
 In the second phase the activities of the shipping board have been directed only by mediocre men, for the reason, MT. Harding points that there been nothing to services of men com perent handle such task If the had con- tinued is possible that patriotic would have made such available. But in time of
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
WhsnlIf

We can make no estimate of the damass result hx from the Cave Creek flood yesterday. is probably something in excess of the amount 1t vas expected would be necessary to control all Cave Creek floods and to safesuard the property of the farmers in their path and the property of the state
 We wish 1t might have been made as clear to those who responsible for this delay in putting the plan into execution. the possibilities. the probabilities of damage as the certainty of it is this morning Then something would have been done
 Those who have dillydallied in this matter as- suned . weishty responsibility. greater than they can bear. when they took 1t for granted that the flood would until they ready at their lsisurs to take steps for its control.
 Now what is going to be done about itf And when?
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
By Eredsrie j. Haskin

WASHINGTON. Aug. Z0-The lit- tie known but highly useful govern ment function of scientific explora- ton Is being exercised by the depart ment of agriculture Tn order that the breed of plants in the United States may be improved, and that depend ence upon foreign countries for any kind of foodstuffs may be minimized as far as possible. Exploration for plants and subsequent introduction of them into the United States is al- most continually going on.
 The greatest amount of this work is for edible crop plants and trees. but at least one exploration was for furthering the development of chal- mugratrees, with a view to growing them in some of Ameyicas island possessions. in order that the valu- able oil, essential to the treatment of leprosy, may be obtained from do- mestic sources. Another man is about to be sent out by the department of agriculture to pursue the chalmugra investisa tions. These trees are na- tive to Siam, but it is hoped that they may be made to grow and thrive in some of the islands of the Hawaiian group.
 The plant explorations are of two kinds, one where the federal explorer is sent with instructions to specialize on one thing. and the other where ar explorer iS sent to some part of the earth with general instructions tt obtain and ship back to Washington specimens and seeds of any usefu growths, not native to the United States, which might be made to grow here and produce crops.
 One of the departments scientist. l. sr purpose of his explorations there be ing to discover, if possible, an avo cado which will resist cold, to som degree. in order that sufficien quantity may be grown in the tenn perate parts of this country to suppl, the domestic demand. It is true tha some of the tropical specimens of thi delicious fruit are grown in Florida but not nearly enough to supply tn demand for the alligator pear" [ call it by It's popular name. The de pertinent has been advised that thi
 scientist discovered an avocad growing in South America, about tn
 latitude of the equator, but severe
 thousand feet up in the mountain'
 This species, it is believed. if it ca
 be properly propagated. will fill tn
 demand. The explorations are bein continued in the hope that a sti harder variety may be found. Mexico has a plentiful supply alligator pears. but their importatio into the United States is forbidde because of the danger of bringing dangerous fly pest into this countr. Shipping the pears is ~hazardou anyhow, as they are prone to r, where they touch each other. ar shipments from Central and Soui Apnerica m that aPr0Inf often a
 small ones carried loose on the deel 1 of NessalS
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
The prs.umption Of innocence

Hghtower, the supposed murderer of Father Heslin, A priest of Coma California, reiterated truth the other day occasionally pushes itself through the veil of the popular fiction that man is presumed to be innocent until he has been proved to bs guilty. That all the circumstance surrounding the murder of the priest point unmstakaby to High tower only makes clearer the fact that there is presumption of innocence in his favor.
 The law does not often use loose language or allow words to have wrong shades of meaning. but legal maxms like slogans, under the stress of brew tty need elaboration.
 If really an accused man should be presumed to be innocent he would not be detained pending his trial The newspapers would not publish the dam aging against him and perhaps invent incidents which are not The public mind in advance of hs trial would fired against him that those who are called as jurors must bring with them certain degree of prejudice
 The first real presumption of the accuseds inno- cence manfests itself in the courts instructions in is upon the people.
 We do that all any of this not as it should be, and in the state of the human mind cannot be otherwise Stigma naturally attaches to the accused. guilty innocent, and this stitma must affect his trial
 The defendant after all must prove his innocence if the against him is a strong one. That is openly true under the French law and it s equally true under ours in . very large majority of
 We do mean that juries weigh testimony in this way. Often and have sometimes thought in most cases, they do weigh it al but decide according to their sympathies. prejudices other emotions
 But in America the accused has real ground tor complaint against presumption of his guilt. Law and procedure have generously provided loop noles for his escape
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
NEW eRAErIn BERLIN

One way of making money: Fem holders are no longer to be found or postoffice tables in Berlin. but may be obtained from a framed official on the deposit of a mark. One enterprising German buys him. self, a number of penholders at SO pfenning apiece. and sets to work writing at the desk of some busy branch postoffice. When he shows symptoms of being through With his pen some eager person is sure to ask him whether he will pass it on. "Yes." is the answer. just give me the mark which laid out for secur- ity. and you may have it. You will get the mark back when you return the pen to the window"
 The transaction is accomplished; when the unsuspectinF borrower re- turns the pen to the official it is looked on coldly and declined: "No such pen was taken from this win dow. It doesn't belong here And the enterprising trickster has de- parted to duplicate the trick in an- other postoffice branch. It's a small way to make money. but he makes 100 per cent on his investment.
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
THE DIFFICULTY

Father-"You ought to go work now; you have reached your majority"
 Grad-"Yes; but mine isn't working majority" Cornell Widow
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
Berton BralcysD Daily Poem n's aarHdrbor

I biithe adventure sunit
 m whirling Suffused with ancient spell all And wind blowing the worlds expanse
 will sail bravey far from all humdum schemes the golden Illusion by the Cape of Dreams
 think of the white sails swelling of the ropes and spas Of the orefeot of tropic heaven, leading forever south, And the phosphorescent salty mouth sight ystic which geams the golden Illusion hard by Cape of Dreams Yet somehow dream lonely dearest dear Sail with here We shall walk the watch blue islands rise of the misty distance of the and skies
 And this shall be adventure lovely and fair it Illusion by of Dreams
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
WHY WALT

Yes! George has gone up to London to learn pharmacy"
 "Oh, mssus, e needn't ave gone all that pense! E could ave farm an welcome" London Weekly Telegraph
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22

As a result of recent law passed by the Paraguayan government ex- empting sons of the AIennonites from military service, 60.000 members of the religious sect. which do not be- lieve in war. are fleeing to that coun- try from the United States and Cam ada. They propose to establish their own colony and manufacture and sell EooS
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
ACRONOM|STS ID INSPECT VALLEY

Agronomists of western states will inspect the state experiment farm near Mesa and later tour the Salt River valley next Friday after a conference at the University of Ari- zona at Tucson Wednesday,. The de- tailed program of the conference. at which experts of the west will dis cuss problems pertaining to agricul- ture and kindred interests, was re- ceived yesterday.
 The conference will begin at 10 o'clock Wednesday morning in the agriculture building of the university. and sessions will occupy the entire day Thursday the visitors are sched- uled to come to the Salt River valley by motor car, via the U. S. experi- ment farm at Sacaton. but it is pos sible this feature will be eliminated, due to poor road conditions as the result of rains. Friday the agTono- mists are scheduled to inspect the Mesa farm and then make trip over the entire valley.
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22
MONDAY MORNING. AUGUST. sa. 1921

In making list of those attributes of man which are almost virtues, tol- eration would have place near the top.-Exchange.
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22

Minnows to be imported into Spain from Augusta, Georgia. eradicate nosquitos which carry malaria in many districts of Spain. The fish feed the larvae of mosquitoes and experiments have been conducted acclimate the fish.
Arizona republican., 1921-08-22

It is reported that Marshal Foch. heading a French guard of honor composed of veteran ''poilus who were brigaded with the United States army at the battle of Chateau Thierry. may cone to this country next autumn with the body Of the unidentified American soldier who is to be buried in Arlington cemetery on Armistice day
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
VERMONT
BEST GRAVEL ROADS
Automobile Blue Book Man Says Gravel
Roads Are Best-Need
PrDDer Care.

BURLINGTON. Sept. 24.-''Vermont
is building the best gravel roads today
of any state, and the best roads in the
country today are gravel roads, de-
clared H.. a. Mixer. official representa-
tive of The Automobile BLU Book Pub
fishing Co, in an interview yesterday.
Mr.. Mixer was in the city in connection
with his official work, and consented to
express his opinions regarding the road
question. . ..
Vermont, Maine and New Hamp-
shire at least, should stick to gravel
roads, Mr.. Mixer maintained. THE
gravel road is the easiest to ride on
and. when properly kept up. is the best
road. The gravel must be oiled and
taken care of. The trouble with you
peonle up here in Vermont is that you
, build excellent roads and then you do
not keep them up.
u do not believe in heavy oils like
tarvia.'t he continued. "a thin oil
sprcad on soon after the road is com
pleted, such as has been used on the
roads around Breton Woods. making
the road look as though it had been
wet slightly. is the best method Of
treatment. Then the road should be
dragged after each rain and coned up.
That Will keep it in condition. 3
Mr.. Mixer declared that no part of
the Maine or New Hampshire, OF any
Fart of the highways north of the
Massachusetts line amount to any
thing except gravel roads. 1t is impos-
| able to try to build concrete roads in
| Vermont. he declared, Tor It is too eX-
~nensive. and unless concrete roads are
built exactly right they are useless.
'<Tle road from Newport to White
River Junction is the best road in New
Enoland today declared MIR. Mixer.
cit should be widened III places, but it
is a first class gravel road, well kept up
on the whole
"sThere was more traffic in Vermont
than i'm any other state i'm New Eng
lard in proportion to it's size DURING
this summer he said. .
t"If. the commissioner of highways
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
OVER S1,5OO,OOO
IN VERMONT ROADS
Large Amount of New Con-
structiOn In State
This Season
1910 MILES PATROL
ROADS REPAIRED
approximately 5000. 900 for Maintenance
Most of $50 Miles New Roads Are
of Gravel Type-S3,2 100000 Appropria-
ton for Biennial Term.

of Gravel Type-$3,260 600 ApprOpria-
ton for Biennial Term.
MONTPELIER. Sept. 24,-Vermont
has expended probably over 81. 100000 for
new construction on its 1J.1O0 miles of
roads this season, the state highway de
partment estimating that the state has
spent S1.2J0.OOO and that several hum
bred thousands have been appropriated by
the towns in addition TO what has been
spent by the state.
Approximately $50 miles of new road
have been or will be built by the end of
the season. the greater part being of the
gravel type.
\ total of 1910 miles of s~o-called
patrol roads" have undergone repairs and
about 100 miles of highways in sections
not under patrol supervision. The
amount expended al repairs, or for mann
t~enance. i estimated by the highway de
partment at approximately 100000.
The expense of maintenance and repairs
is met from the FUND resulting from the
licensing of automobiles which. the sec
rotary OF state estimates, will reach APP
proximatelys $4,000 this season.
At the last legislature appropriations
totalling S3.26O.D00. were made for the
biennial term for. the state highway de-
pnrtment. part of which includes the
states share in the various federal aid
projects under wa in the state. also such
new roads as the twO-year building pro-
gram calls for.
Labor conditions has been very salts
factory and the department has had no
difficulty in finding sufficient number of
men for its various lines of work.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24

build the best gravel road that can be
built, oil it we'll and then see that it is
properly dragged after each rain, | am
sure that he viii find that it will be a
good o and will last. The trouble is
that the roads are not properly cared
for and the surface blows out. Gravel
roads, with oil to bind the surface and
care after every rain, will solve the
road problem for Vermont Mr.. Mixer
declared again at the close of the inter
view.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
OPPOSITION TO
TREATY GROWS
Senator BOrah Fears Some
Provisions of German
Agreement
RUMOR
WILL SUPPORT IT
Republicans Hardly Expect 1t Some
Division of Opinion Among Democrats
Opposition too Much Divided TO
Prevent Ratification.
Rv DAVID

tSnecial Dispatch to The R~eformer.)
Copyright 1921
WASHINGTON. Sept. 24.-Opposi-
ton to the new treaty with Germany
is growing but even the opponents of
the past admit that they cannot hope
TO prevent ratification.
The Republican PARTY is split, but so
are the Democrats. Senator Borah has
assumed the leadership OF the "'irrecon,
cilablc'' faction and with characters
tic independence is asserting that the
new treaty has some OF the same oh
5ections as the Versailles pact mad. Sev-
eraI Of the Democrats have decided to
vote against the pact for entirely differ
ent reasons.
There is a rumor a>oat that Senator
Hiram johnson viii desert the lire
Concilablcs' or so-called battalion Of
death - and vote for the treaty but this
could not he confirmed TO-DAY The pre-
dictiou generally is made that Senator
johnson wItl be found at the side OF
Borah and that Others of the ''lTTeeon-
e;lable'' group will aid the Idaho sen
utor in his fight. The opposition to
the Wilson treaty developed in much
the same way. Senators Johnson and
Borah were the pioneers while most of
the other Republicans favored the Yer
%saiilcs treaty and even league of ma
tions with reservations. Gradually
Nessrs. Borah and Johnson drew to
their side many of their colleagues I'M
til they obtained a working majority.
After hat the treaty of Versailles was
doomed.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
INDICT NARCOTIC DEALERS.
Boston Grand jury Returns Bills Against
IL Alleged Dealers.

BOSTON, Sept. 24-Seyenteen per-
sons, $50 per cent more than the largest
number heretofore on a similar list. were
indicted by the federal grand jury yes
terday charged with dealing in narcotic
drugs. Possession or sale of cocaine or
morphine were alleged in most of the in
dictments.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
Where Opposition Lies

The handspring of opposition there
fore lies in that wing of the Democratic
party which believes the separate peace
with Germany is humiliating and ought
to be defeated and that group of Re
publican senators known as the "bat-
TALON of DEATH. A coalition of the
two groups IS not at this writing for
midable enough to worry the admins
tration. The danger of defeat lies en-
TREY in the possibilities of protracted
debate. The longer any treaty is con
sidered, the less favorable are chances
for ratification. The "irTeconcilables''
who plan to vote against the new Ger
man treaty are saying to their col
leagues that If the ''battalion of
DEATH disintegrates, it will be consid-
to the Versailles pact was hardly based
upon conviction and was nothing more
h a a personal and political fight
AGAINST Wilson. Senator Borah boasts
that he has been consistent throughout
and that he Is opposed to foreign en-
tanglements of any kind whether cm-
bodied in a treaty made BY a Republi-
can or a Democratic president and sec
rotary of state. Other Republican SEN
ators are inclined to take the view that
party loyalty requires them to reverse
themselves and 90 along with President
Harding and Secretary Hughes. The
irr~eceEcllablesP are pointing out that
the senate Republicans voted almost
sclidlv for a reservation which would
prohibit the executive branch of the
recommendation participating in the
action of any commission or organiza-
ton formed under the Versailles treaty
or league of nations without the CON
sent of the senate. Now it is claimed
that the new pact. permits the Presi-
dent or secretary of state to send an
official representative TO any commits
sion provided for under the Versailles
treaty.
1t is an odd situation. The t'irrecon-
cilable' Republicans are against the
rev treaty because it has too much of
the Versailles pact in it. The fFirrecon-
cilahlp' Democrats are opposed to the
rqct because 10 hash It enough of the
Versailles treaty included.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-09-24
Position of Democrats

The Democrats are in an embarrassing
position. If they presented Il united
front, they could prevent the ~ratifica-
ton of the new treaty. But Senator
Underwood. who might nave been
counted on to lead the fight is a mem
Der of President Harding's commission
TO the armament conference and it
might be a awkward for him to engage in
party warfare at this time. Senator
Hitchcock of Nebraska, who made a
valiant fight for the ratification of the
Versailles pact has taken the view that
some kind OF a peace treaty with Ger
many is better than none and that the
sooner peace is declared between Ger
many and the United States the bet
ter it will be for the people of both
countries. Probably he. too. viii take
occasion to ~criticise the treaty but will
not obstruct its ratification.