davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-05-15

educational obligations. the university must
see to 1t that the requirements for It's de-
grees keep pace with the march Of cvillza.
ton
While engineering schools have been quick
10 take advantage Of progress in science. 4.
Is felt by engineers that. coincident' with
the growing Importance Of the engineer In
public life, young men entering the profess
sion should he given broader training than
IN the past. The fascinating technical de-
tails of engineering. the constant study re
qured 10 keep M with professional progress
and the keen competition Of modern life re-
ouire so fu)l . programme Of mental effort
that the engineer tends 10 become self
centred.
4 liberal education as the basis of his spe-
cial technical studies gives him start and
an interest in current world problems and
economic and industrial situations II fits
him 10 live not only an intellectual life but
also goes far toward developing IN the engi-
neer grasp Of subjects OF general interest
and the ability 10 express these opinions ef-
fectually. Rising above the ranks Of the pro-
fession are those eminent engineers OF liberal
education wide sympathies and vision who
have been leaders in thought and practice.
These are the men demanded by the times.
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
A FEW months ago prominent busi-
"A ness institution in New York noti-


~ ness institution in New York noti-
fled the surety company which
bonded it's employees that it had hired a
clerk to work in an important depart
ment. The head of the surety company's
investigation force became suspicious be-
cause the new clerks description corre-
spcnded to that of a burglar who had been
sentenced TO Joliet Prison in 1915.
\ detective was sent by the surety COM
Iany to see the new clerk. He recognized
him Immediately as a man who had obtained
a clerkship in a Chicago bank and had alb
seconded with $4,000. Startled by the reve-
lation, the authorities OF the New York
business institution checked up the mans
references only to find them faxed. If the
man had been permitted to retain his posi-
ton. sooner or later the institution would
probably have suffered big financial loss
Suspecting that something was wrong
when a professional criminal could obtain a
foothold in the reputable business world un-
molested, the surety company started an in
veftigation. Some startling facts were un-
edrthed.
II was brought to light that by slow
process of infitration surprising number
Of crooks had found employment with some
of the most respectable business houses OF
this country. The epidemic of holdups, en-
bezzlements and robberes was explained and
the theory that the so-called crime wave Is
the aftermath of the world war has since
leen considerably modified.
Most of the smart appearing, suaye man
nered young criminals who have dared to
defy the safeguards Of reputable business
and have reaped rich harvest by their in
genuity have never seen service In the
nations military or naval forces.
The question arises How do these friend
less thieves, many OF whom are only just
out Of jail, succeed in getting such desirable
business connections which many honest
and worthy youths would gladly obtain?
Here Is the one weak spot In the otherwise
wonderfully strong armor Of American busi-
ness.
Among the men who know most about the
methods by which criminals obtain employ
ment with reputable corporations Is Joel
Rathbone. second vice president Of the Ma
tional Surety Company.
Nr Rathbone believes that the recent in
ilux ~ criminals into business houses rep
reserts a change In the criminal point Of
view. His cqinion is that men who depend
upon crime FOR d livelihood have discovered
that i = much less trouble and risk TO
reach t1e contents 0f safe hy means Of
sfz4t.8ert letter RI recommendation than
ty -1ears gf 4 stick n dynamite or a can
p g3ycefsne Sir Rathbone has com
sss ss.oe irseresii~g figures - support
.8 t.safg
~'ts fs@gN ~ liable VggRests the increase
t si,f tis.sss e-rs.1fs tsespsfrsted ~ the suave
.,iN.dt r.telc " compared with The crude
,l.rrbarss - fat - ttrss rough under
vtr-if dhs.facsers v1..c operate from tie "ouf
M4gts
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
Edisons Talk Rouses Many to Defend Colleges

ticular field in which opportunity and cir
cumstance will place him when lie grad
yates.
The training now demanded for the engi-
neering profession Is a logical development
In the evolution of engineering education
a liberal education is admittedly proper for
medicine or law and liz now held to be tho
best training Tor the future leaders in
engineering.
Education Is opportunity, nothing
more. II cannot Of itself make an engineer
ing leader. To young men possessing the
natural characteristics for leadership. high
character integrity. initiative. common
sense, executive ability and resourc efulness
the university must offer the best possible
educational advantages.
Realizing this obligation and confident that
the engineering profession has set an educs
tional standard which the university can
attain, Columbia provides a liberal engi-
neering education" which is planned to
meet these high ideals and give the future
engineer the broad training requis.>e to a
successful career.
In the language of Nicholas Murray Butler
"In these modern days the university is not
apart from the activities of the world. but
in them and Of them"
The New York herald., 1921-05-15

settle the world situation BY resolving the
political difficulties. But will II be measura-
bly, simpler to solve the economic troubles
with an equal disregard for the political?
The problem of success or failure Tor the
Hughes policy. which is economic partcipa-
ton and political abstention, is locked up
in this single question. To take an illustra-
ton. In recent days the whole European
situation has been disturbed by the upper
Silesian affair. 1t is plain that II the Su-
preme Council undertakes 10 disarm Ger
many II must also undertake to protect
Germany from outside attack. SupposinG
that the Supreme Council shall decide that
much of what has now been occupied by
Polish insurgents shall be allocated TO Ger
many, who is to undertake the task
Yet it is equally clear that If the coal re-
gions are to go in part wholly TO Ger
maryland L am not now thinking OF the
rights and wrongs of the matter-they De-
come an important factor in the problem OF
the economic rehabilitation of Germany. III
the Supreme Council decides that the upper
Silesian coal mines belong to Germany they
will be one of the important assets or Ger
many for the meeting of the claims OF her
creditors But | cannot believe that the
Poles will resign these districts, which they
carried in the plebiscite. without fight.
Certainly the question of Upper Siesia Is
political but it is not merely political. The
ultimate disposition of the second most inn
portant coal deposit on the Continent OF
Europe is an economic as we'll as political
question And the decision will have TO be
made by the Supreme Council. To be sure
the American representative may absent
himself from the session at which the de-
cision is made. The United States may dis
associate itself from both the decision and
the enforcement of the decision, but II we
are concerned in the economic restoration OF
Germany, we must certainly be concerned
in the question of the restoration or order
in the upper Silesian area Moreover II the
threat of n French occupation OF the Ruhr
aroused American anxieties. we cannot pc
less disturbed over Polish occupation OF
the Silesian coal regions. always supposing
that these are finally adjudged 10 belong 10
Germany and not to Poland.
But the upper Silesian question is only
ore Of many political issues which must
come before the upreme Council. In very
truth this body constitutes a sort of receiv-
crship for the political and economic En-
rope. which has to be made to run and to
pay again II is the body which has already
consented 10 allied occupation of the Ruhr,
if Germany does not sign the London agree
rnent 1t is the body which will undertake
TO apply penalties. the polite word for
force. If Germany defaults on the new en-
gagements. In such a case what will The
American representatives do?
There is not here any question such as
arose at Paris. One may be quite sure that
President Harding will not permit any rep
resentative of the United States to undertake
TO commit the United States 10 any agree
ment or obligation. We may be sure that
the constitutional rights Of the Senate will
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
Continued from rhrd PAGE.

requirements for tho engineering schools.
While he can exercise considerable freedom
~ the choice Of studies. particularly in his
first year, he must remember that his col
iege course must lay the foundation for
his later engineering training. He must
secure therefore not only the main elements
Of liberal education. Including English
modern languages. history and economies
hut must also cover more of the fundamental
sciences Of mathematics. physics and chem
isiry than Is usually elected ~ or required
~ the average college student. This pre-
engineering training can bc secured at anv
high grade college
10 ono institution can expect to educate
sll the workers Of the engineering army
nor even "a meet an the requirements for
engineering education. A university oc-
cupying position Of trust az an institution
Of higher learning, with high ideals to main
tain. can grant its degrees only to men who
measure up to professional standards ana
who may he expected to occupy the higher
positions in engineering life. In response
to the professional demand and 10 meet its
The New York herald., 1921-05-15

discovery-although these are often remark
able. but the repute and high standing OF
the commercial and financial concerns into
which these criminals of record have sue
,eeded in working their way.
"A mercantile concern recently asked u
20 investigate a new employee. We learned
that he was professional thief and that
he had undetected been taking home a
truckload of the firms goods every night.
"a clerk in well known packing house
recently disappeared with s1,I00. If the
concern had investigated this mans record
before employing him it would have found
that he had previously stolen 500 and an
automobile from another packing house.
THE recently engaged employee of a well
known financial institution was investigate !
by us several weeks ago We found he wa
under suspended sentence for having stolen
an automobile. The financial institution told
+ us that it's own employment department had
investigated his references" and had found
them seemingly all right. The institution
own investigation in this case had evidently
not revealed the suspended sentence.
Before bonding the new clerk Of high
grade investment house we recently looked
up his record. We found he had once
pleaded guilty Of attempted burglary.
Another employee in the financial district
was recently found by us to have committed
twenty-five burglaries, He confessed TO
them. Still another downtown employee was
found by our investigators To have served
twenty years in prison for highway
robbery.
MANY of these criminal EMPLOYEES az,
using the respectable cmployments as 4
cloak for dishonest outside activities Still
others either steal from their new employers
or describe the Layout" Of offices TO outside
accomplices.
american employers pride themselves o.
being able to size up applicants for posi-
The New York herald., 1921-05-15

The old School Of Mines. from which the
present engineering schools at Columbia have
developed came into existence as "A result Of
the vision of its founders In recognizing the
need OF a departure from the educational
standards Of that time. Columbia University
Of the present day recognizes new standard
By requiring that 4 wisely framed college
course shall precedo the technical and pro-
fessional instruction OF tho engineering
school, The preliminary college course must
include the fundamental sciences on which
engineering is based and also familiarize the
student with the best thought. the aims and
ideals that have inspired mankind.
Following this broad college training the
young engineer enters the engineering
schools While 1t i recognized that tho
successful professional man must be q
specialist. II is mistake to provide for too
narrow specialization In his university
work. The range Of his contracts will be
wide; the scientific facts that he will use
In his profession come from many chang
ing and expanding sources. AS he is gen
orally unable to predict the exact field Of
his life work his education must accord
with these conditions. The engineer must
always be a student and to attain success
he must tecome a specialist in that par
The New York herald., 1921-05-15

be protected not only scrupuously but vol
unfairly. But what viii the Senate do IN
such a situation? Can there. after all, De
any limited membership in that Supreme
Council which must deal with all sorts OF
questions2
In point of fact the real problem goes far
deeper. Can there be any real separation
between economic and political quesnonsf
Every one will agree that the gravest ditfi-
Guilty in the whole reparatons dispute arose
out of the intermngling of political with
economic issues. There was simple eco
nomic problem namely: How much can Ger
many pay? There was an answer which,
however mathematically inexact, would
meet the judgment of the financial experts
OF the world. But how could one reach TINS
point when the whole matter was bedeviied
by a British political situation. a French
political situation, German political sltua-
ton? And now there is certain to be added
in the future American political situation.
Impossible for United States
To Restrict Interest to Politics
II seems to me, therefore, that 1t would be
a mistake to attach too little significance 70
the step which Mr.. Hughes and Mr.. Hoover
have taken with the approval of President
Harding. There is no hard and fast distinc-
ton to be drawn between political and eco-
nomic questions. If there is a world inter-
dependence. economically speaking, the worst
evils in the existing economic situation have
"a political origin. We are not going back
to Europe simply to share in economic dis
cussions. These discussions would be futile
if they led to no action. In the East the
Supreme Council has failed almost without
exception. when it has attempted by words
to forbid political actions contrary to its
will which patiently brought economic dis
order.
Economic questions which have political
complications concern US just as much as
those which have only economic circum-
stances. In the last analysis there will be
very few economic questions which do not
force themselves upon the attention of the
Supreme Council first and foremost because
of their political details. In going back to
Europe we shall. willy-nilly, enter the politi-
cal as well as the economic field The best
proof of this is that while Mr. Hughes was
exchanging notes with Germany he was
acting to protect American financial inter
ests obviously TO be affected by any mill
tary action. but in reality he was dealing in
the world of high politics far more than
high finance.
In the last analysis, il was the war. not
Mr.. Wilson. which actually "entangled"S US
in European affairs. In rejecting the form
of ENHANCEMENT which Mr.. Wilson framed
at Paris the United States did not transform
the fundamental fact. No sooner did n new
administration take office than 1t found that
il must seek relief for profound depression
i'm American domestic fields by associating
itself with other nations in the restoration
of stability and order in European fields
But from the first moment our representa-
tive sits with the Supreme Council, onward,
we shall find that political conditions will
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
Failure Due TO German Stupidity:
Our Position Made Clear

In this purpose Mr. Hughes failed but only
because German policy was too blind or
German statesmen too weak to face the
truth. The proposal made by the German
Government was too palpably inadequate
10 permit any new discussion. In permitting
the proposal 10 reach the allied Governments
Mr Hughes with great frankness and clarity
indicated that the United states was and
Intended 70 remain associated with its
former allies Ard ia due course ~ time
these ailies made clear the truth already
patent. that the proposals. we're not such as
Is offer an scttr.stte basis for fresh dis
c4sNlors
Pot L rGse -@ apparent lkEf wh-le these
d.st.lsssgrs msrA E~R e~ Nr-ar51s wsF @rre
r9re aeco~--S Ye-g es-rt4etfF engaged FL
Mnrlf stta.ta.a 81 t,-r ~ ftt~ r-s wsr car
sad back -rtsase to -sao-nsr.s nd fta
Ea-s c1rts~aret tr t9e tt@ asgf We
Era GeF-sE rsetrta vbf strt ,a.~s.t
ttf 1Trcrrssss t-st .mt tat. F4.nt vts
I'll a1iatess tass s-,sstrs sns swnftat.rs1f
entered t+-r ratsa s-f .ttfustt tsa4tta,ss
rrt rc-sr- rsrs tEt arrr w %r~.t N
rea -taa sf tAs sr~lgs t,s-r. vss pt rnre,
any rseera1~ III srtsrart
aar tts --aN. fae +sttfa .ts.t ttfeuefrsf
sr<Y-t-.- --ss ~ .t~a,'sfl,trif ttt n jrtuNtsl,s
srse rG Germany -rGsp uss sguusff Nt
Tass sew srrrrssg ttG ss fWpsa Nter'sn
- Ec-Srr c~fl-eilsites E'o tlas 8tfuateap
.rrs ~ fls~.sar ~'ss gsat Fatnrr3 srsi.
scr.- rrrcrr-s #'s Eeretai ,tf rattt.at
E.srsrsa1 rstrSsfs vU4H wI0se tr, 81 rtn
leruasa s..t- Fhs .oc snpy aat IL,
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
Suave Criminals Gain Good Positions by Devi-
Gus Ways, Then Rob Employers

the last ten years on inside" and outside
jobs. The first column represents thefts, all
of which We're committed the inside"
The second column represents thefts, most
OF which were committed from the Outside
The second column. however. necessarily
contains number of items due to thefts by
domestic servants, &c. which should actual
ly be credited TO inside" crime.
generation ago American business men
only engaged employees whose families they
knew personally Business openings-even
the most humble clerkships-were few.
To-day employment conditions in Ameri-
can commercial financial concerns are en-
tirely different The demand for certain
classes of office employees has multiplied
tenfold.
These office positions are now being filled
by applicants wholly unknown to the en-
ployer They offer a reference" In some
cases, the reference" is a corporation which
the employer knows In other cases. il is n
corporation he has never heard Of In any
case. however. the employer himself has no
time or facilities to make a personal inves-
tigation-to visit the applicants former en-
ployer. his family. home, etc lie merely
writes or telephones TO the reference" He
never, stops to think that the youth before
him may be criminal, thai the firm name
and the impressively printed stationery of
the reference" may be faxed and that the
ADDRESS and telephone may either be those
OF the criminal applicant or of an accom-
plce.
Another possibility that the average en-
pioyer never realizes is that the name which
the applicant gives may be that OF another
man who has recently left we'll known and
hlghly reputable corporation with fine rec
ord for efficiency and probity. How can an
employer discover such deception when he
merely writes letters or telephones?
That an ever increasing number OF Grim
finals are obtaining positions in high grade
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
American Rights Restored by Harding Administrations Policy and
Consequences of Momentous Step Cannot Be Eauated
Crisis Emphasizes Commanding Position Held by
This Country in International Economics

sion of IIorytza or deny Rumanian rights
in Bessarabia,
But it is manifest that the cotton OF the
South and the copper OF the North, the raw
materials which constitute so important a
fraction of exports, cannot be sold in
Central Europe while conditions remain
chaotic. If we are ever TO be repaid what
we have lent Europe both through Gov
ernment loans and through private credits
payment cannot begin until prosperity ar
rives. We are, in real sense, committed
entangled in Europe. not by any League of
Nations Covenant but by the fact of our
enormous investments
In q certain are the largest
stockholder, the largest investor in Europe
We have stake OF upward of $50 900 000,-
900, sum much larger than that Germany
is asked to undertake Immediately as the
basis of reparatlons and more than half as
large as she will be called upon to pay in
the remote event that her restoration sur
passes all reasonable forecasts But added
to this gigantic stake is that prospective
stake which is represented by the accumu-
lation of our exportable products, which
await peace in Europe. Moreover while
the delay continues. economic depression at
heme expands.
Such briefly is the explanation of the un-
derlying reasons Of our return to Europe
such are the necessities which have driven
President Harding and his Secretary of State
to break measurably with American tradi-
ton, while remaining faithful to the under
lying conception, which is that we should
have no foreign entanglements on the
political side.
In point OF fact the Administration which
took office on March found the country
at one moment, unalterably opposed to po-
ftical entanglements and ineXtricably entan-
cled in financial and economic affairs
They discovered that there was. on the ego
nomic side at least only one situation; that
the United States was deeply concerned
as any other country in this world situation
and that American participation in all ef-
forts to restore economic order in the world
was ineluctaby imposed upon any American
Administration. They found in fact, that
American interests had already suffered by
temporary isolation.
But having SO far followed the course of
the Administration. II Is inevitable that one
should now inquire whether IL be possible
or as easy as one might think TO separate
the economic from the political issues. Mr.
Wilson, to be sure. made no effort because
he was not interested in economic questions
in the slightest degree He was seeking to
The New York herald., 1921-05-15
President Harding's Plain Policy
Shines in Marked Contrast

In President Hardings conception, which
is the policy framed by Mr.. Hughes and Mr..
Hoover and Endorsed by the President, nc
such grandiose objective explains the new
American participation. We are going to
sit into an economic conference whose chief
purpose is to restore economic stability in
the world. We are going to sit there be-
cause we have enormous stake in the
game a stake represented by billions already
loaned and by enormous accumulations of
raw materials waiting the return OF order
before they can find European market.
AS to political questions, issues which
have only European significance, questions
of frontiers. alliances and guarantees the
questions which fill all the accounts of the
sessions at the Paris conference which
are now being published on all sides, with
these, under Mr. Hughes's plan our repre-
sentatives will have no concern. We shall
rot undertake TO resolve the dispute be-
tween Poland and Lithuania over Wilma or
between Albania and Greece over Northern
fpirus. We shall not forbid Greek posses