davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
the DUTIES OF A COMMUNIST IN RUSSIA.
GREATDANGERS, GREAT RESPONSIBILITIES, HARD WORK
AND AN IRON DISCIPLINE MAKE THE LIFE OF THE
RULING PARTY ANYTHING BUT AN EASY ONE.
By M. Olgin.--Translated by S. Smith.
From Jewish Daily Forward, New York.

A communist in Russia is a man
who must face reality ant act. Upon
him depends everything. He is res
ponsible for everything. He must con-
slider everything. He must set a good
example. He must lead.
A Communist is man who takes
upon himself the task Of carrying
through the revolution to its very end,
and Of establishing socialism. He must
never say no. He must always forge
ahead. He must live up to the de-
cisions of the Soviets, live up to the
demands of the Communist Party. He
must fear nothing. He must never
stop because of difficulties in the
way. He has undertaken the task and
he must not complain.
A Communist is a fighter. All the
Communists Of city are united in
one military organization, called "a
division with special end in view"
All the members Of this organization
must know how to use a rifle and
machine gun. If they do not know they
take lessons several times a week. /
knew Communists who on three morn
ings q week had to rise at six o'clock
and 90 for military training, to learn
to march and shoot. saw Commun-
, lists who were tired, exhausted, hung
ry, but they attended for military
training. What is it all for? So that
they may be able to defend the city
in time of an insurrection. Every
Communist Of every city is connected
with headquarters which serve as a
mobilizing point. II he receives a cal
by telephone or courier, he must i'm.
mediately report to headquarters with
his gun. Thus all the Communists Of
the City Of Moscow can be mobilizet
within an hour. II would only TAX,
half an hour to mobilize the Commun
lists Of smaller city. In the event O
counter-revolutionary movement Il
city, the Communists will be tn
first to fight and the first to die. Thi
is not an empty phrase with them.
II Communists to the Front.
!, ! happened to be in the city Of Niz
nj Novograd at time when ther
was a feeling Of restlessness anon
/ the military units there. II did nc
RI come to anything serious, but ther
1 was the fear that there might be a
4 uprising. The Communists were cal
n ed out. Several hundred Of them a
u sembled In the building Of the Exc
n utive Cowmittee Of the Communis
and remained there for three days n
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
A Little Talk With Gompers
BEFORE THE A. r. OF l.. CONVENTION AT HIS HEADQUAR-
TIERS, ROOM 567 ALBANY HOTEL, DENVER, COLORADO.


mistaken, that there is no one he
knew by the name of Robert Minor
lecturing against the Open Shop, that
it must have been man by the>n name
of Meisel or some name that sounded
like it.
Before I could utter another word,
the Generalisimo himself came out
from the inner room and pushing
himself as close up to me as pos
sible, he said: "My name is Gompers,
What do you want? 2" l again told him
Of how Robert Minor was not allowed
to speak against the Open Shop in
the present headquarters Of the A.
F. of L., and asked him if he knew
Minor. He told me that he knew Minor
and that the hotel arrangements We're
made for him six months ago. l then
asked him what he thought of having
his headquarters in a hotel which is
for the Open Shop. With a curt heavy
voice he replied: "That's none of your
business what ] think" Pushing him
self still closer to me until it seemed
as if he was trying to back me to the
door, he went on: "You are crude, i'm
pudent, insolent and ever-bearing. 1t
is none Of your affairs where we
make our headquarters" I felt sick.
"Do you think that we can live in q
stable" he continued. "Do you live in
a stable?" i confessed to him that
did once when / was broke. My vo-
cabulary seemed to have failed me
and barked out at him: "Most work.
ers live in stables anyway" The old
crook got excited and growled at me-
"You belong in a stable" There wa.
an inner feeling urging me to stay
and not to leave, but words failed me
"Things will soon change" said II
a low voice. "Go on, go out, 20 on.
IGompers yelled and turning aroun,
so as to ignore me, he engaged int,
a conversation with the man near tn,
| window.
II The excitement OF talking face h
face with the Czar Of Labor, made m
feel as il ! were walking through Al
abyss closed the door Of room 561
looked back at the sign and said I
myself. $50 that is the way the leade
Of American Labor talks to worke
who was seeking reasonable informs
[ tion."
o| In the lobby Of the hotel, on
: could see hundred or more Crei
Q lures that once were workers, the
: looked like shrewd politicians wit
/ contended faces and smooth hand
J. They were the deputies and the hencl
4 men that are coached and primed
n re-elect Sammy. Detected in spirit
70 reached the street and made da,
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18

three nights with their guns in hand.
Sentries were posted. Patrols were
organized. No one undressed in all
this time. They ate and slept on the
floor above. Were it necessary they
would throw themselves to the de-
fense of the revolution with their life
and blood. Just what chance their
number would have against far
superior force they did not ask. Per-
haps they figured that only part Of
the enemy would be against them,
while another part would join them.
However that might have been, they
were ready. They came to fight and
to die. Thus it was all over Russia.
This is not merely part of the pro-
gramme, it is terrible reality.
When the Poles took Minsk what
was the first thing they did? They
slaughtered the Communists. When
Denikin or Petlura have taken city
in Ukraina, who were the first VIC
tins? The Communists. When the
whites" had possession Of Baku,
whom did they shoot as one shoots
mad dogs? The Communists. In Via
dimir a commisar told me how, es-
Gaping from Baku, he passed through
Charkow to Soviet Russia. It was like
story from the Arabian Nights.
could not believe that human being
would be able to go through all that
and remain alive, OF one thing he was
positive: il they learned that he was
a Communist they would shoot hin
on the spot.
/ / met with many Communists ant
spoke to them not as newspaper mar
but as a good acquaintance Of theirs.
spent many weeks in the houses O
active Communists. And do you know
what l heard IN the most sacred mo
ments, when hearts open and secre
, thoughts are uttered? 1--WE will al
ways be hung" | heard more tha
once. II the revolution should fail,
: change should come about, the Com
munists will be the first ones to b
shot and hung. They know that. The
don't deceive themselves. And the
stick right to it. They lose no courag
? They keep active.
I'll A Communist must be ready to sa'
e rifice his life. You should have bee
n in Russia in September, October ar
J. November, when the Russian arm
y retreated before the Poles and wral
: gel kept moving north, ever neare
Is Russia was at that time as II und
al CONTINUED on page g.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
Cleveland Building
Strike Getting
Settled.
General Wage Cut Basis of Set
tlement. Closed Shop Principle
Retained.

The strike of the Cleveland build
ing trades which has been on since
May l is getting settled after a
fashion. A general wage cut approxi-
mating II per cent with the retention
Of the closed shop principle for the
unions forms the general basis upon
which workers in the 20 crafts are
returning to work.
After sevral weeks of sparring for
advantage an arbitration board COM
posed of representatives Of the en-
ployers, the unions and that fictitious
element "the public, was formed to
consider all matters at issue. 1t
naturally followed that general and
decisive wage cut was seen as the
only possible way out.
While the board of arbitration has
been the general supervisor of nego-
tiations for settlement, several unions
have not waived their rights to nego-
tiate for themselves at the same time.
The result is that some unions are
still, even with one foot slipping into
the mire Of reduced wages, making a
stand for some of the hard won fruits
of past conquests.
Building laborers have, thrown up
the sponge in the middle of the first
weeks resumption of work after try
! ing to survive on wage Of 571a and
60 cents an hour. Many jobs were
struck because of the dissatisfaction
on this account The question of re.
naming at work if union laborer:
failed to show up last Monday morn
ing, was question to Bricklayer!
were to consider at meeting Sunday
when they met to consider the ar
bitration award.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18

Shakespeare says there is nothing
in a name, and surely there is much
less in a number; but l shall never
forget Room SGT Albany Hotel, Den
yer, Colorado. Ever since I have been a
''red' and for some time a member
of the A. F. of L., have heard and
talked so much of Gompers and his
misleadership, that when I passed the
Albany Hotel during lunch hour four
days before the A. F. of l.. convention,
an unconquerable desite to see Sam
my at his headquarters gripped me
and as if some automaton would carry
me off, suddenly found myself 60
ing up the elevator to the fifth floor.
A sign on the door, below the room
number SGT, read as follows: Office
of the President Of the American Fed
Grafton Of Labor,
A sort Of a bashful feeling and a
quickening of my pulse came over me,
l opened the door and found myself
inside Of the Sanctum-Sanctorium of
the A. F. of L. Generalisimo and
Chief Tactician. The busy office, with
bustling secretaries and messengers
running. back and forth with the
Final Ukaz to the labor front, failed
to materialize. was rather surprised
at the emptiness Of the room. In the
distance near window sat well.
dressed man of about forty, who
looked like an oil-stock salesman and
to the right was an open door where
I could see a short gray-haired, pom.
pous little fellow talking to a woman
dressed in dark. ut Is Sammy him
self" was the quick thought than rar
, through my mind. Yes, Sammy him
self; but not by himself anymore. H,
is winding up his honeymoon
I Approaching the man near the win
dow, / asked him II he was one o
the A. F. Of L. officials and he sal,
yes. l introduced myself as the Sec
retary ofthe Workers Defense Uniol
Of Denver, that defended last year.
raid victims and he looked at me a
If he did not know there was sue
an organization in existence, and
addressed him as follows:
"Will you please answer this ques
ton: Is It right for the A. F. Of ]
to mike this hotel its convention heat
quarters, in view Of the fact thu
5 only month ago Robert Minor, WI
i spoke against the Open Shop in Del
q yer, was not allowed to lecture In Il
tl Albany Hotel Ball Room by the MAJ
t agement, because they were again
Is the topic. and the management I
+ turned the money paid for the use
n the hall to The committee7" The mi
" addressed told me that must
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
Organized Greed
Drives Thousands
to Starve.
Half Million in New England at
Hunger Point.
(By The Federated Press,
N. Y. Bureau.

New Haven, Conn.-One hundred
thousand families in Connecticut are
ia desperate straits for back Of work
and their families literally will Be
facing starvation if unemployment
conditions do not improve, according
70 |. N. Ornburn, secretary of the
Connecticut State Federation of La
Dor. Bridgeport, Waterbury and New
Haven are the worst sufferers.
1t is in this state that the organ
zed employing and financial interests
just now are centering their drive
against unionism, and the campaign is
being directed from this city. The
local Chamber of Commerce has Joined
forces with the "open shop" council
of employers, and the tactics they
have adopted have become so offensive
that Patrick f. O'Meara, president Of
the State Federation of Labor, has
announced the resignation Of the two
labor delegates from the deliberations
of the Chamber of Commerce. The
effect of this is to sever the last
formal link between capital and labor
here.
The employers, however, are COM
placent. They point with satisfaction
to the fact that there are about five
men for every available job. They say
openly that they have launched their
"open shop campaign at time cal
culated to be most effective.
Labor union officials, nothwith-
standing, point to the fact that the
union memberships are virtually un-
! affected by the employers offensive.
"The employers are finding they
can't force workers to abandon their
union affiliations even in the face of
starvation" they say. h
The number Of men idle in New
Haven is about 10000; in Bridgeport,
$4,000, and in Waterbury $4,000.
Conditions throughout the indusE
trial sections of New England are very
similar. Springfield, Fall River, Pro-
violence, Hartford and Manchester
report thousands out Of work.
In Danbury the hat manufacturers,
generally speaking, are said to be
signing up again with the unions in
all cases where such agreements were
in existence. The principal exception
is the Hill and Loper factory, which
recently announced It would conduct
an "open shop" The union men quit,
and an attempt is being made to fill
their places with non-union men.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
JUST A REHEARSAL.

The capitalists are on strike and
they don't care damn. Too bad we
workers can't throw them into jail
like they do us when we do likewise.
History Is repeating itself. What
took place after the Civil War will
take place here---a great financial
disaster, The present IL only ~
hearsal for what will come in 192l-27.
c. Csssell.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
Gale Loses Fight
On Habeas Corpus

Linn A. E. Gale, former editor and
publisher Of Gales Magazine, COM
munist monthly magazine, published
at Mexico City, Mexico, has lost his
fight on an application for a writ Of
habeas corpus to transfer his case
from the military to the civil courts.
Judge West, of San Antonio, Texas,
before whom the hearing was held,
ruled that evidence tended to show
that the Albany, New York dealt
board had mailed a notice Of induc-
tion into the army to Gale on March
2S, 1918, and that Gale had received
proper notice.
He also held that according to the
evidence, Gale was, to all intents, a
soldier after April 4, 1918, and there.
fore subject to military laws, and that
evidence showed he willfully absented
himself from the United States tC
escape the draft.
Gale was arrested at Laredo il
April, after he had been expellet
from Mexico by President Obregon
The Toiler correspondent state
that Gale and his attorney, Samue
Castelton Of Atlanta, Ga, made
strong fight for the writ. It is tho
that Gale will now be tried by cour
martial for desertion. His defense !
being backed by friends in this coun
try and by workers organizations |
Mexico where he has many friends.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18

THE exposure of diplomatic trickery, cheat
ing and Lnavery is one of the most important
functions Of Socialist political agitation. -
Leon Trotsky.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18

for a beanery. T clock showed it
was 1:15. Gee, must have been
there only 10 mini 1Ees, it seemed like
hours" With gEsa sSeitement / told
the waitress that . just had a 'Little
Talk with Gompers.' "Who is Com
pers?' she asked with a surprised
look on her face.
The City Of Denver is giving the
A.. F. Of l.. a cold reception. They re-
fused to decorate the streets with
American Flags unless the A. F. of
L. stood the cost, they did not donate
the Municipal Auditorium, as is some
times done for many important con-
>yentions. No official welcome by the
City Of Denver. The delegates are
Slipping into town like prodigal sons
No one officially will dare to welcome
Ihe "a L .'ol L., III view OF Cne Open
Shop fight carried On by the Civic
and Commercial Association. The
press is busy with the Pueblo flood
and seems to side-track the conven.
tion.
Some Of the big firms are display
ing cards in their windows to the eff
feet that money spent here will moi
be used to the detriment of labor.
They are the very Individuals tha
support the Commercial Associations
Rejoice you workers and toilers
your interests are in safe hands.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18

Shreveport, La.--A gang Of masked
men lured R. G. Van Hess, former
president Of the Central Trades and
Labor Council, from his home, tarred
and feathered him, Inter forcing him
aboard a train fpr Marshall, Texas,
ccording to q ph6ne message from
there received b. his wife.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1921-06-18
sAccO-vANzETTl CASE
IN COURT.
Jury Selected From Hundreds
of Talesmen.

Nicolo Sacco and Bartholomew Van
zetti, radical labor unionists and lead
ers,. charged with murder are now on
trial at Dedam, Mass.
The selection of the jury began on
May 81 and for S days an examina-
tion of hundreds Of talesmen proceed
ed before the prosecution and the de-
Tense were able to pick '12 men who
will decide the fates of the two men
The accused are jointly charged
with the murder on April 15, 1920 of
Frederick A. Parmenter, paymaster
of the Slater and Merrill Shoe Com
pany at Braintree, Mass. and Ales-
sandro Beradelli, special officer.
The trials began in sensational
hunt for jurymen, several hundred
men being examined in the search
for IL men fit for the responsibility
Of jury duty. The wide publicity given
the case, which is comparable to the
Mooney Case in the appearance of a
frame-up, being responsible for great
prejudice in the minds of practically
all inhabitants of that section. The
city of Dedham and all Norfalk
County were secured for talesmen
when the first panel of 1876 men was
exhausted. Talesmen were taken from
their homes and work for examina-
tion for duty. A bride groom was
taken from his wedding breakfast
Many were excused on account Of pre-
judice in the case and others on ac.
count of being opposed to- capita
punishment.
Defense Counsel Strong.
The defendants have strong lega
counsel at their service. They are
William ]. Callahan, Fred H. Moore
John A. Lyons, John w. McAnarne,
and j. ]. McAnarney. Moore is ac
counted one of the best labor attor
neys in the United States, havin,
served in that capacity in many not
able labor cases, the Everett Mas
sacre" of the /. w. w. at Everett
Washington, several years ago, bein,
one Of his most successful fights. /.
y, 1t is asserted that the defense wi
lot only prove their innocence in tn
murders but will he able to thro,
heavy shadows of suspicion of "fram
ling" them for the electric chair, upo
their accusers. Sacco and Vanzett
have in the past been active in severe
labor strikes and were known to tn
( authorities as active in the revolt
tionary movement Their activities
the labor movement is given as tn
reasons for the charges against then
in the absnce of the real murderer
ever being located The Civil Libertie
Union of New York is active in raj,
ing money for the defense of the tw
accused men.
Since the trial opened the jury hs
been taken on sight seeing tour
the scenes of the murder. The defen,
ants waived their legal right to a
company the party, having alread
been carried over the ground in Il
"third degree" thru which they we
put by the police after their arres
Cheyenne record., 1921-02-10
DENVER LIVE STOCK.
Cattle.

The bulk of the offering on this
market consists of feeders and stock
ers. Demand for this class OF stock
has been fair, and the better grades
met with a favorable outlet at un-
changed prices. Packer buyers mani,
Tested q stronger demand for beef and
Of fair quality stock were offered.
Good kinds OF feeding steers were
quoted from $6.25 to $6.75. with fair
S's,s she a. stoex % wa. somewhat irregular.
Quotations on best beef cows and
heifers ranged around So. with good
stock at $3.50 to $5.75. F1ir tome
quoted from $3.50 to 36.25.
Beef steers Ahowed little change:
Best quality b{ steers were quoted
from $3.50 to 500 to. SO, although the
Offering did not include steers with
sufficient quality to bring the latter
figure. Good beef steers. were pur-
chased around ~. .1s. ~
Cheyenne record., 1921-02-10
GERMAN BURDEN
TO Be REDUCED
POWERS WILL pEcREAsE TX.
PENCE OF AtLlgD occUPA-
TioN OF RHINE.
CUT RHINE Mn EXPENSE
DEsT OF GERMANY coNsIpEREp
~ ALLIES TO REDUCTION OF
24o, ,ooo, 900 GOLD MARKS.
tw....n N.-.p.p., u.ioa Nm ssrk..,t


Rome, Feb. s.-Foreign Minister
Sforza in the Chamber Of Deputies an
nounced that at the meeting Of the Su-
preme Council 1t was decided to reduce
the expense to Germany OF the allied
occupation of the Rhine to 24O,OO0, 900
gold marks.
Count Sforza said that in fixing the
amount of the German reparations 1t
was necessary to consider Germany's
debt and her capacity to pay.
This was difficult because Germany
had failed to supply data.
The conference, he added, wished
for payments in proportion to Ger
many's' growing prosperity.
He said that although for obvious
reasons, Germany had declined to pub
lish statistics of her economic situa-
tion, this could not conceal the phe-
nomenon that daily was becoming ap-
parent, the contrast between the eco
nomic and financial condition of Ger
many.
In economic matters, Germany, he
said, was showing a tendency to re-
gain her former flourishing position,
but her financial position was growing
worse, and there was reason to antici-
pate serious crisis.
Abiding to Turkey, Count Sforza
said he favored direct negotiations
with the Angora government.
London. Count Sforza's statement
concerning concessions to Germany by
reducing the cost Of the Rhineland oc-
cupation to about f12,OOO,0O0, which is
only about one-sixth of the present
cost, is the first official announce
ment in this respect, although 1t pre-
viOusly had been limited.
AS the treaty provides for fifteen
years of occupation, this reduction
will make an enormous difference in
the German budget.
Germany has given notice that it
will reply shortly to the allied invita-
tion to send representatives to the
reparations conference in London
March /, 1t was officially stated.
Because of the preparation neces-
sary it was found shat Feb. %, the
date originally fixed, would not permit
of complete formulation of the An
glo-French program, particularly since
the allied declaration of willingness to
examine into Germany's counter pro
posals.
1t was pointed out that this conces,
sion to Germany had necessitated most
complete preparations in order that the
British and French delegates might be
able. to meet any move by the Ger.
mans intended merely to evade the
payment of reparations.
Cheyenne record., 1921-02-10
Child Put en Traeks.

New York.-A charge that her hus-
band, John P. Savage, deliberately
tried to kill his 7-year-old daughter,
Marjorie, by putting her on the rail-
road tracks in front Of an approaching
train, was made in the Brooklyn Su-
preme Court by Mrs. May Savage
while contesting her husbands suit
for. divorce. The alleged attempt upon
the child's life, she said, was made at
Norwalk. Conn.,, in 1913 and, accord
ing to the mother, Marjorie was saved
only through the prompt action Of a
bystander.
Cheyenne record., 1921-02-10

ST. Valentine slyly
Put up his umbrella.
This shower of hearts
Would embarrass q fellow.
I'm glad that I manage 1t
Once in a year.
Exercise Is the thing
Hearts are needing. fear.
while many are beating,
They're all out of tune.
And cold as December
Instead Of warm June.
$50 I'll mix 'em and change 'sm
And warm 'em UP, too"
I wonder II he'll fiK
Your heart up for your
Cheyenne record., 1921-02-10
Refuses to Ban smokino.

Washington.-The Senate has de-
clined to embark on the making of
blue laws. BY an overwhelming ma
jOrity it rejected an amendment by
Senator SmOot of Utah, banning smOk-
ing in the government departments. 1t
adopted mild substitute offered by
Senator Wadsworth Of New York,
leaving it to the discretion Of depart.
ment heads to forbid smoking wherev-
er 1t is believed public records were en-
dangered. Spirited debate preceded
the rejection of the Smoot amend
ment.