New-York tribune., 1921-08-10
Land Lust Is
War Menace.
Asserts Bryce
Religious Hatred, Still Alive
in the East. and Trade
Rivalry Factors Against
Permanent Peace, He Saws
Scores Treaty Mistakes
Declares Conferees Failed
to Negotiate just Boun-
daries: Answers Tittoni

WILLIAMSTOWN. Mass, Aug O.
A fresh statement by Niscount Bryce
Of the faults he imputes to the peace
treaty. final word in his controversy
with Senator Tommaso Tittoni over
Italy's rights in the Southern Tyrol,
and q general review of the factors
and the influences making for war or
for peace in modern civilization were
the outstanding features of the great
British diplomats fifth lecture on en-
ternational Relations OF the Old World
States delivered to-day before the In
s.itute Of Politics at Williams College
In regard to the conferees OF
Versailles, Lord Bryce declared it was
not their failure to accomplish the
impossible which deserved censure.
bat rather the fact that in many cases
they did not do what could have been
and ought 10 have been done to draw
just boundaries and to ascertain the
wishes Of the populations concerned.
Among these failures, despite the OBJ
lection raised by Senator Tittoni on
night Lord Bryce again listed the
cesson of the Austrian Tyrol to Italy.
Fears Minor Hostilities
an this and in other cases." he said,
@rt is TO be feared that discomfort due
to q sense Of injustice will injure the
states which have received unwilling
subjects and will become the source
of many troubles in the future. Ex-
hsustion will prevent the belligerents
of 1918 from entering on wars in the
next few years. but some OF the minor
states may take up arms against others
whom they think no better prepared
than themselves.
"Even when setting aside all con-
sideration of special risks and hazards
of this kind said Lord Bryce, I'VE
must remem Der that g true peace does
not exist where there is wish to
renew war Let me enumerate briefly
some among the forces and influences
which work for peace or war.
Zone such force which formerly
played prominent part has now al
most entirely vanished with the re-
cent fall OF six European mOnarchies.
I mean the influence of family rela-
tionships of reigning dynasties.
Religious Power Waning
Religion, the second influence to
be here noted. has lost much Of its
former power in international politics.
No Protestant nation now cares whether
it allies itself with Roman Catholic
or a Protestant nation; and the con-
verse is almost equally true of the
Roman Catholic nations. It is other
wise, however, in Asia. where fanti-
cism is still fierce among the Moslem
peoples
Racial sentiment, a third influence
that has within the last century &C
qnired conscious force scarcely known
TO earlier generations, $ part OF what
We call oy the quite modern name OF
nationality
"Unhappily the powers represented
at Paris. forgetting the promise made
70 recognize the principles OF national
IT. and self determination. have by the
recent treaties left some grievances un-
redressed and created other grievances
that did not exist before. thus sowing
the seeds OF future trouble
Causes Making Tor War
Lord Bryce, reverting to the causes
which make for war, summarized these
ns follows:
Lust for territory, religious hatred
still alive in the East; injuries done
the citizens OF one state by another
clashes OF commercial and financial in
terests Though, ne said, these served
rather to create general Ill feeling than
directly to cause vars, sympathy with
oppressed populations, especially if the
sufferers belong TO kindred race; and,
finally. fear.
81. vas nervousness and tremulous-
ness" ne said, as he closed his ad-
dress, which led the greater European
states TO increase from year to year
their naval and military armaments
till in 1914 there were some which
seemed to wish for war in the hope
that the decision it was to bring would
put an end TO costly preparations for
1t. The price has been paid and the
result desired has not been attained"