Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1921-10-11

regions, cannot be considered goo6
enough for the transportation OF
high-class fruit. When this section
! is opened up properly, not only the
apple but truck will be highly prof.
| liable.
In choosing an orchard site special
| attention should be paid to soil, all
drainage, exposure and elevation
The apple Is one of the most cosmo-
| politan fruits with respect to soil
The, lighter loans can be expected to
produce an early maturing tree OF
grow plants of late maturity but
longer life. DR.. L. H. Bailey, In
speaking, of apple soils, says, AS a
rule, rather light loamy soils with
| deep and. porous subsoils are best
adapted to apple growing. Natural
| drainage is imperative. Apple trees
are impatient of wet feet"
The best soils for apple growing
in north Georgia contain large per-
centage Of clay. Those types rang
ing from gravelly clay loan to q
! clay loan also produce trees success
fully. Generally speaking, the best
apple lands are those that have been
lands are rich in original plant fooC
| and organic matter. Investigate
closely the sub-soil underlying the
| proposed orchard site. In some sec
lions in north Georgia the rock
comes SO close to the surface that q
| best development. Avoid hardpans
| as well as subsoils too loose and
open.
Generally speaking, all orchard
sites In north Georgia are well all
| drained. There are, however, coves
| and pockets in the hills that do not
produce profitable apples because OF
site do not pick out low valleys OF
flat places between the hills. rather
plant along the slopes SO that there
Will be ample movement of air
amongst the trees. Should one plant
in valley it is well to clear away
the underDrush along the stream SO
that the air will freely follow the
stream and pass out OF the gap be-
tween the hills.
The best exposure is north to
northwestern, as on these >lopeS the
trees are retarded In the spring and
prevented from coming into bloom
until Danger OF frost Is past. The
Lruit, however, is later in ripening
There is little choice of exposure in
the mountains OF north Georgia
Where one IS growing both peaches
and apples it is PROBABLY better to
plant the apples on the southern
slope ana to grow the peaches on
SAAS AVA SASA4A VI SO4uSI S1OpGs QUO
cessful orchards are, however, found
on all slopes in the apple growing
sections OF this state.
10 a great extent altitude deter
mines the temperature. Many of the
varieties found adapted to elevations
OF from 1000 to 1900 feet are not
successfully grown at higher eleVa-
lions. One OF the most productive
small home orchards with which the
writer's are familiar, is approximate
~ o,O0O feet above sea level. The
larger commercial orchards range in
altitude from 1000 to 1000 feet.
While adaptability OF varieties tC
this section has not yet been thor.
oughly worked out, the prevalent
opinion is that the northern type will
be found suited to the higher eleva-
lions and varieties of more general
adaptabi!ity, and those locally origi-
mated Will be found to do best az
lower levels.
TO the beginner, the long list OF
apple varieties which are to be found
IN every nursery catalogue is be-
Wildering. The question, What va.
rletles should l plant and where
should I get the trees?" is one OF
the first which must be answered by
every prospective orchardist For the
home orchard it is best, as far as
preference. If red apples are more
attractive to you than yellow ones
then plant red varieties, or if you
have fond memories of some variety
which grew in your grandfathers or
chard, then include it in your list OF
varieties and get all the pleasure
possible out of growing your favor
ite fruit.
For the commercial orchard the
choice varieties must be governed
first, by their adaptability to eli
matte conditions OhSnrNn tho
chards Of your neighbors and deter
mine what varieties have proved
themselves most satisfactory in your
locality. Large size, attractive color
high quality together with good ship
ping and storing quality are the fac
tors to be considered so far as the
fruit is concerned. In addition to
these, the tree should be an early,
regular and a heavy bearer and
should be sufficiently vigorous to re-
sist the attacks Of insects and dis
eases: 1t is best to restrict the
paintings in a commercial orchard
to four or five of the best varieties.
Ben Davis, Early Harvest, Kinnard,
Shockley, Terry, Winesap, Yates and
Yellow Transparent have been thor
oughly tested and found adaptable
to the mountain section Of north
Red Astrachan, Horse, staymen,
Winesap, Delicious, Rabun, King, Ar
kansas Black, Brilliant, Forts Prize,
Mammoth Black Twig (this is un-
Goubtedly. Arkansas), Rome Beauty,
Virginia Beauty, Winter Queen, De-
licious and Grimes have been grown
successfully in many sections Of the
mountains and some of them have
been found excellent producers. They,
as a rule, require more care and at
fnnfinn than tha fret vic
ties.
Bald Mountain, Champion, Gano,
Black Ben, Heslop, Horse, Nicker-
jack, Northwestern, Mother and Lin
bertwig are. promising varieties for
ties may. prove Of worth in the
mountain sections of the safe, but
these and many other unlisted ones
must be subject to further test be-
fore they are advanced beyond the
promising list.
Yellow Transparent, Horse, Yates,
Terry, Winesap and Ben Davis are
the varieties adapted to middle Geor-
gia. The central section of Georgia is
not an apple producing region, but
varieties mentioned can be grown
with some success in all parts of the
section.
If one wishes to grow apples for
home use only in southern and coast
al Georgia use varieties recommend
ed for middle Georgia, but neither
one Of these sections is adapted to
the growing Of apples and no profit
should be expected.
To the question, Where shall I get
my trees?" the best answer is, From
the nearest reliable nursery which
can furnish the desired varieties"
Purchase only first-class trees which
are vigorous, but stocky in growth
and free from insect and disease
pests.
Under no conditions accept trees
that have not passed rigid inspec-
ton. Where they are found to be
infected with San Jose scale, crown
gall or other serious apple diseases
or insect pests, they should be de-
stroyed rather than planted in the
orchard. Where the infection is con-
siderable. the denartment of ento-