Evening star., 1921-09-11
NEED NEW TRIBUNAL
no SETTLE DISPUTES
Latin American Countries Refuse to Sub
NIT Contentious to the League of
Nations for Decision.

strength. no Interior motives would
be attached to any step she might
take in bringing together the other
republics Of Latin America In a con-
American union for the settlement
| Of Latin American disputes.
Brazil may never see fit to take
| this step. The leadership may not
&C me out of South America. But un-
til another Bolivar is born the de-
Americans always will be shadowed
by the clouds Of unadjusted dispute
and settlements arrived at by force.
In spite of the general financial
readjustment throughout South h
America. Venezuela Is going ahead
with the completion OF her good
roads and other public projects. ac-
cording to w. d. Heberling. min
; ing engineer, recently returned from
Venezuela.
THE country is prosperous and
American goods are holding their
own in the face OF strong European
''The bolivar is rated higher in COM
parison with the dollar than other
South American coins and the gov
ernment now has gold reserve of
S0:000,000 bolivars in the treasury"
In addition to the road building
now in progress. which will furnish
an outlet for the inland products OF
| Venezuela, the government Is going
ahead with other public works.
wireless plants are being erect
ed in the principal cities to furnish
daily cheap and efficient communica-
tion throughout the country" Mr..
Heberling states, land bids have been
asked for the erection Of lighthouses.
sewerage systems and other modern
improvements in the cities. Steps
are being taken to obtain improved
steamship service between the United
, States and Venezuela" Mr.. Heberling
says. 'Iooking toward a continuation
of the present close commercial re-
ahead with other public works.
While the main interest in the cele-
bration of Central Americas centen-
nial of independence from Spanish
rule this month is centered in the ex-
pected signing by Guatemala. Hon
duras and Salvador of the constitu
ton for the federation of Central
America, two congresses are being
, held in connection with the celebra-
tion which should have an important
bearing on the future Of Central
American Child's Welfare Congress
| and the Central American Teachers
Congress. both Of which convene in
, the city OF San Jose, Costa Rica. on
! the 18th.
The programs of both these confer
ences show the earnest consideration
/, being given by Central Americans to
the care and education OF their fu-
; ture citizens. The child welfare con-
; gress is the beginning of campaign
against children's diseases. which con-
; templates such steps as free medical
consultation for children under two
years of age. founds ticn of an open
air school for children. opening of
] wards in hospitals for tubercular chill
dren. special children's hospitals. col
| lection and study Of vital statistics
| for children and the foundation Of a
society for the protection of children:
I, The teachers congress is one of
! the first steps to put education on a
| basis Of uniformity throughout Cen
| tral America and to standardize meth
| DDS used in teaching.
of public spiritedness in Central
America.
| The Department of Agriculture be-
/ lieves the American public ought to
make the acquaintance OF mate. the
1 most important beverage OF chile ana
Argentina. where at least 15,ooo.ooe
! people drink it. And to make the in
| PRODUCTION, the department has sue
cessfully grown mate in southern
! Florida from seed imported for ex-
| perimental purposes.
!, "Yerba mate" as it is called In
South America, is native to Paraguay
! and adjacent countries. The leaves
were cured and used as a sort OF
i, tea by the native Indians before n"
arrival of the Spanish settlers. and
special ceremonial customs grew up
around its use. For instance, the
brewed mate was put in a gourd ard
each participant gathered round and
drank his share through a "bambilla,
or reed like tube. One of the super
stitions, disproved by the depart
ment's experiments, was that mate
could. not be grown unless the seed
first passed through the body OF a
bird.
| Mate possesses the same stimulat- L
ling qualities as tea. and the flavor IS
similar, except that mate, by the
process of curing, has smoky
taste which is said to add to the
becomes used to the flavor. Ail the
leaves of the tree are used ana the
process of curing them is less ex-
pensive than manufacture of tea.
The experiments, while proving the
tree can be grown in this country.
have not gone far enough to indi-
cate that any attempt to grow mate
for commercial purposes would prove
successful.
The minister for foreign affairs of
| Salvador, DR.. Juan Francisco PasedeS
has left his country for Mexico as
| head of the special naiSeion to rep
tennial celebration. On the conclu-
sion Of his mission to Mexico. DE-
| Paredes will visit the United states
He will first visit California ane
probably go east later. DR.. Paroles
! is accompanied by his two daughtei