davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
PATRIOTIC PROGRAMS
PART OF WASHINGTON'S
BIRTHDAY. FEB. %

Citizens of Wausau paid their tri-
bute to George Washington. father OF
the republic. on Tuesday. Feb. %, with
patriotic programs and social events.
The banks, trust company and post
office closed in observance of the holt
day.
George Washington, first president
of the United States, was born in yir-
ginia Feb. %, 1882. His father was
a prosperous planter and gave him
every benefit of careful education.
He was first brought to public notice
when the governor of Virginia sent
him on difficult mission against the
Indians and later political and military
activities resulted in his appointment
TO the chief command of the. Continent
tai Armies during the Revolutionary
war. He was elected first president
of the United States in 1889 and served
Two terms, refusing in 1796fto be re-
elected a third time He died in 1893
on December a.
School Programs sNi@
At the Franklin school Wakelan Nc
Neel gave a talk on Mondayyand Miss
Gertrude McGuine accompanied talk
on Europe with lantern slide views of
the shattlefelds. The CentaalS school
combined the holiday programs and
held them in the various prooms al
different times. A play entitled "a
Washington Reception" is to be, given
by the. grades Friday The Key Rich
ard Evans talked on Washington at
the Grant school. The Eongfellow
school has program by the kinder
garten children and had song pro-
grams in the. other rooms. At the
Humboldt school the eighth grade fea-
tured three minute talks by the pupils.
w. Mcneil talked to the upper grades
at the Washington school and the
deaf school was given a treat by Mr..
and Mrs. Halder. The high school
program was held in the auditorium
Tuesday afternoon as follows; Song,
"'America"-school; Pledge of Allie
glance to- the Flag-school; Grafton,
Washington and Lincoln"--Leon Lii
jequist; Grafton, "Blue, Gray and
Khakf-George Belanger: Music
High School orchestra; Adress-Rev.
r. Evans; "The Ratchet Story"--Ani-
ia Mueller; Music-Girls' Glee Club;
Grafton, "He Knew Lincoln"-Ewald
Genrich.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
SOME OLD LONDON THEATERS
District OF Shoreditch Had the First
Building Erected for Purely
Dramatic Purposes.

There was a time, shortly after the
first theater was opened in London,
when the opposition to the new form
Of entertainment was so great that
an ordinance was passed by parlia-
ment for the compulsory closing of
these palaces of amusement" and
making 1t crime to be present as
spectator at play.
This was In 1642, when only two
theaters existed in London. The first
building specially erected for dramat-
lie purposes was built by an actor,
James Burbage, at Shoreditch. in 1916,
and called the Theater year or so
later second theater known as the
Curten was opened, also at Shore
ditch, and these two playhouses ca
tered To London audiences until the
suppression OF the theaters
When plays were once more per-
mitted several new theaters opened.
including the Globe, at Southwark,
which WAS built by James Burbage,
the Rose and the Blaclsfriars and
Whitefriars theaters.
Probably the most luxurious OF these
early theaters was the Fortune, built
by Edward Alleyn. an actor, In 1899,
and so christened because II cost Its
owner the then fabulous sum, includ
ing the ground II stood on. of 1920.
The only illumination during the per-
Torrance was that afforded by candle
light. gas being unknown until 1917.
when the first performance by gas
light was given at Drnry Lane.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
Wood That poss Not Rea.

The wood Of the mangr0ve tree,
which is found In French Guiana, Is
considered by the French as q wood
that will not rot. All exposure and
efforts to break down It's nbsr In four
years experiments by the French rail
way service have been useless.
The grain Of the wood is 20 close
as practically to exclude all moisture.
Its density is placed at 40, as against
40 for FIR and 10 for oak. In addition
to this closeness OF nber the man
grove has a large amount Of tanning
in its composition. This protects II
from insects and such bllghts Gas mold
and damp. While not as brittle as
oak, It has twice the resistance to
fiexion and has about the same po-
tency against crushing and twisting.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24

Only few OF the early British
royal jewels survive in the present
regalla. The oldest of these Is the
sapphire OK Edward the Confessor.
which was originally set In his coro-
nation ring. II was buried with him
in his shrine In Westminster Abbey,
but In 1101 the shrine was broken
open and this and other jewels re-
moved. The sapphire is In the cross
on the top Of the kings state crown.
Legend has It that st. John once APP
peared before the Confessor as pill
grim, and that the monarch gave him
the ring, which was returned later.
The stone is reputed to have the pow
IT Of curing sclatica and rheumatism,
but has not been used for this psr-
pose recently.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
Ben Fra 7kIin Took Poker Into Paris.


In Paris poker was first Introduced
by Benjamin Franklin. first United
States ambassador, who taught mem
bers of the court that poker had dom
inoes beat a mile. To this day a group
OF white-haired Frenchmep. descend
ants OF the club Franklin founded.
meet every night ut six o'clock or the
arst floor of the Tavern Royale aud
play poker, with many calculations
and the most absorbed seriousness un-
til II Is time for dinner. They num-
Der among them two milllonaires. the
head OF q famous dressmaking Arm, =
senator and famous Socialist author.
and they play with sous az chips and
q limit OF 80 centimes-about cents
nj present rate Of exchange--on the
game.
One Of Frsnklin's peculiarities was
q contention that . flush heat q full
house, and even now the ma Jority Of
Frenchmen play that way.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
No Exchange.

'.There's one thing about selling
postage stamps" said the tired
druggist.
"What Is 1T" asked the customer.
There's no profit In the deal, Of
course. but It's one thing sell that
my customers don't bring back and
want to exchange for something else"
Detroit Free Press.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1921-02-24
Emharrsesnent.

"Of course" remarked Senator Sor-
ghum, 81 was proud to have q vote so
overwhelmingly In my favor. And yet
II has Its disadvantages"
s"In what wayr
~ am compelled to feel a sense Of
obligation toward everybody who
votes for me; and landslide makes
the number so great that can scarce
IN keep up with the responsibilities"
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

French language learned to converse with the people and to read their periodicals. The latter were almost, without exception, fond of the French and found much to admire in their civilization and culture.
 From a debtor nation in 1914 we are now a creditor nation. We can no longer stand apart from the rest of the world. We now possess a mer- chant marine. We can no longer negotiate in our own ports alone where foreign merchants used to come to us, bringing their interpre- ters with them. We must now meet the foreigner in his own language at his own doors. In fact we have sud- denly become a leader in the eco- homie affairs of the world. Modern language study must receive more attention now than ever. due to these new utilitarian needs of our country. In England and France and in our own America as well, the depart ments of education belive in the con- tinuance of the study of the German language as a matter Of national de- fense from an intellectual, commer- cial and even military standpoint, for if we are to get on well or to set tie disputes with our neighbors or those with whom we carry on any kind of intercourse, we must be able at least to read and write their lan- guage.
 It is sometimes objected that for eign language pupils do not learn to speak a language that they are studying in high school. A class in any language in high school meets five days per week for forty-five minutes. No class in this subject
 Al, r.rs pills, but crowded conditions ire quently necessitate a larger number in a class. Take the ideal maximum number of twenty and with no loss of time for hesitation on account of the slow pupil, who like the poor. are always with us, that gives each one an opportunity of two minutes per day to practice speaking, reading or translating a language. Multiply that two minutes by the number of days in a school year and you get a result of six hours per year or actual practice, not counting out the holidays. Of course fhIency In speaking a language cannot come from such a situation but the results acquired in ability to translate from one language to the other, in insight into national traits through the me dium of translation and collateral reading, to say nothing about some small conversational requirements are often much greater than is esti- mated by the general public
 Prof. Henri David, of the French department of the University of Chi cago. was asked once how to answer people who believe they can be taught to speak language in the oft-advertised short courses of six | weeks or even six months. He re- piled that it can not be done. "No student even pursuing a regular school course at the rate of six hours per week can speak language Tn 1 less than three years, and then not fluently, but oh, how it will give him l the advantage over the one who has not studied it when travelling in | the country of that language" said ! he.
 1 French in the High School
 ] A three-year course is now offered | in French in the Phoenix Union high
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

sible to get very far without a know. edge of these fundamental princIpI~
 Many subjects both in high scho. and college are studied because thes furnish a fund of general information tha thas been shown by experience to be useful and practical to the per son who calls himself educated. Geometry is no exception to this. We need to know geometry, first, for gen. eral information, just as we need to know history and literature for gen. eral information, because the rest of the world knows something about it.
 Then, too, we need to know geom- etry because it has a large culture value It is the only high school sub not necessarily formal logic, but clear, concise. effective thinking. It affords an excellent training in habits of neat ness, order. diligence and honesty.
 The study of this subject requires the student to make clear, brief and precise statements. In no other sub ject Is he compelled so certainly to think correctly and to say precisely what he thinks.
 Then, too. clearness of expression reacts upon his thinking. For, in order to express himself clearly he must think in a straight line.
 These are some reasons why geom- etry should be studied if one wishes to obtain a broad outlook upon life. and a mental development that is characterized by effective thinking and clear expression.
 OSCAR H. SOULE.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

school. For the most part the French language is used in the class room. This procedure is necessarily limited. The leading aim is to give the pupil a dependable pronunciation, a trans lating fluency and as much conver- sational fluency, as the minute per-day practice will permit him to acquire.
 Much practice aside from class room drill comes through the French club for those pupils who care to as sume duties along that line. They make use of the victrola to study Frances music and her composers. They write and present papers on her artists, copies of whose pictures the club has bought with the money they have earnedA Before Thanksgiving this club partook of a papier mache dinner, all the menue and conversa- ton being in French. The pupils play games in French, using cards based on texts translated, or sys- tematic questions -and-answer list, guessing games, and any original method that some ingenious student may devise.
 Spanish
 The Spanish department aims to give to the student a solid foundation of grammar and as much conversa- tional work as can be carried on in a large class that recites but 45 min utes a day.
 It has been discovered that as much language work can be accomplished in four days as in five if a different kind of recitation is held once a week. Therefore, some of the Span- ish teachers are conducting programs ODca 2 week and nftpntiTneS the cla SS Is organized into a club for this pur- pose. Sometimes the programs con sist of poems, songs, playlets, dia- logues, stories, or newspaper articles given in Spanish. Other times they are made up of oral reports on the various Spanish speaking countries.
 This phase arose from the fact that many of the students are taking the subject for commercial use. They thus learn that in each country of South America may be found as many different characteristics in the people as there are different kinds of climate and that not only must the language of the people be learned if they are to deal with them success fully, but also their customs.
 The Spanish department then with the aid of the library is trying to do it's small share in the establishment of better relations between the two Americas and in this way is making a forward step toward the interna- tional point of view that is being discussed so much at present.
 Everything possible is being done in the short two-year course in Spanish that the majority of stu dents are taking but the patrons of the school should ever bear in mind
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

that there Is being laid merely a foundation upon which solid struc- ture may or may not be built in the future.
 Some topics that have proven to be of interest so far this year are; Economic Situation in Colombia and Ecuador; Education in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; Hog Industry in Northern South America: Flags of the Countries and Significance of Each: Chief Cities of the Different Countries; Characteristics of the In- habitants of the different localities. Natural Resources of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
 War between Peru and Chile; re- suits to both countries.
 What would happen to South America if the Indian should dis appear.
 The Indians need of education and discipline.
 The highest railroad in the world. Facts concerning Cerro de Pasco mines.
 Lima with its mediaeval appear ance.
 EVA s. EDWARDS.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
Why Mathematics And Foreign
 Languages In The High School?

The following articles will give to readers of The Republican an insight into why educators place these sub jects as important ones in the high school curriculum.
 Algebra
 We encourage the study of Algebra to develop in the student the keen de- light and eXhilaration that comes from a purely mental operation. With a definite aim before him he experi- ences a real satisfaction in attain ing it.
 Some thinkers maintain, however, that, excepting English, algebra has as many contacts with practical life as any subject in the curriculum. True it is that the average student develops habits of concentration carefuiness and accuracy that must be valued part of his equipment for any pursuit in life. And earnest at tention to the solution of problems is a good preparation for the prob lens of life. But the very practical use of algebra is experienced in the fields of science and engineering.
 NELLIE B. WILKINSON.
 Geometry
 As one comes into contact with the material world about him, he gains, in a more or less haphazard way, a great Iund or I0ctS TeSarQlnS 1OTm, size and various other space relations. It is the purpose of the study of geometry to organize these facts and to lead the student to observe other similar facts, to reason concerning them, to compare and relate them, and to use them in solving various in teresting and practical problems that are part of his daily life.
 It is evident, when one gives the matter even the slightest considera- ton. that geometric principles play very important part in every day life. Their use is readily seen in mo- saic .tiling and parquet flooring, in steel ceiling patterns and other forms of interior decoration, in linoleum patterns, rugs, staineg glass windows, and in many other ways too numer- ous to mention.
 The architect uses geometric prin- ciples- not only to make his building secure, but to make it beautiful. The construction engineer utilizes the principle of the rigidity Of triangles to make his bridge capable of carry | ing a great weight and standing tre- mendous stress. The landscape gar dener, the machinist, the mechanic, the draftsman. the electrician and the | surveyor all find that it is not pos
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
Interesting Facts About The
 foreign Language Department In
 The Phoenix Union High School

vey information, to express emotion, and to clothe thought; and that it is necessary only to the last of these three. We can not clothe thought without words; but we can convey information by sounds.
 To transmit thought we need all the resources of the vocabulary if we wish to be completely understood. The caveman did not woo his bride with soft words; he seized her over his shoulder and bore her away to his cavern, regardless of her protests in motion and music. But Demosthenes and Cicero. Daniel Webster and Abraham Lincoln, when they sought to persuade and convince, relied upon the appeal of their words. So lan- guage followed the use of signs, groans glances and gestures; but it did not cause them to fall into dis use. It was the superior implement, no doubt-and it served the loftier occasions of life. But glances and gesture did not cease to be useful, and they survived the volution of language and accompanied and illu- strated talk to intensity it and some times even to make it clearer. Hence the invention of an improvement does not prevent the use of the meth cd or material employed before the new invention had established itself. "
 For two centuries the Latin lan- guage has been found useful and is now being studied by half a million young students in the United States.
 Vice President Calvin Coolidge, in an address entitled American Edu- cation for Americas Future" deliv- cred at the University of Pennsylva- mia, July 2, 1921, said in part. We are to continue the guarantee of progress in the future by continuing a knowledge of progress in the past. We are to proclaim our allegiance to those ideals which have made the predominant civilization of the earth. We believe that thought is the mas ter of things.
 Mankind has always had classics and always will have them. Thought is only another way of saying that men have always set up ideals and always will. Always the question has been, always the question will be, what are to be these classics? For many centuries, in education, the classics have meant Greek and Latin literature. It does not need much argument to demonstrate that in the western world society can have little liberal culture which is not based on these. Without them there could be no interpretation of language and literature. no adequate comprehen- sion of history, no understanding of the foundations of philosophy and law. In fact, the natural sciences are so much the product of those trained in the classics, that, with out such training the very terminol- ogy cannot be fully understood. No question can be adequately compre- hended without knowing it's historic al background. Modern civilization
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
BY IDA MCDANIEL

courses in the foreign language department of the Phoenix Union a1sh school are now offered in Latin, spanish and French. Each day there gre 4S recltatlons in Latin, 29 in spanish and French. Through the energies Of its pupils in proaucing plays. the department possesses a Nlctrola and large collection of the pest records of music appropriate to each branch of the department.
 There are also foreign language conversation records, and there w4Il be additions thereto from time to time. The department is indebted to several interested individuals who have donated some of its best rec oros- The department has also a valuable group of pictures, copies of master pieces, obtained by the same means. but the frames of many of them were made by the manual training department of the school.
 The aim of instruction in each branch of the department is to be of best service to the student in dis cipiinary,s cultural and utilitarian value. as well as to contribute to- ward better international relation ships.
 Latin in the High School
 Not merely is the study of Latin limited to that of a prescribed text. Its relation is shown to English lite- rature, the romance languages, deco rative designs in modern architect ure and commercial art in general, its wide use in science terminology, the need of it in the professions, and it's use in nomenclature of countlL ss modern commercial articles. This phase of Latin is emphasized most in the advance classes. They frequent ly leave a scrap-book which has been worked out by departments with a regular editorial staff
 The upper classes have continued Tor years the activities of one of the first Latin clubs in the country. This club is modelled on the Senatus Popu- lusQue Romanus and takes its name from the ancient emblem s. P. o. R. Its officers are named from those of the senatorial group of ancient Rome. The purpose of the $. P. Q. R. is to add systematically, profitably, and pleasantly to their knowledge of the culture, literature and civilization of The Romans and to connect those facts with their modern applications.
 The grade of work done by stu dents in this department has been such that no record, thus far, of the failure of a student taking the east ern college entrance examination has been reported. The course of study conforms to the requirements of the North Central association but also furnishes opportunity to students Xho expect to take the above men bned examinations to meet their re- Quirements.
 Latin, From the Standpoint of Others
 Scribners of May, 1921. says: "Lan- guage serves three purposes; to con-
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
COCH|SE COUNTY HAS
 FINANCIAL PROBLEM

CochIse county, with over a mill lion dollars in it's vault, Is "broke" and cannot pay a bill of S200 which 1t owes for meals for jurors, accord ing to word received yesterday by the state tax commission
 In order to determine what remedy can be applied for taking care of certain of It's exhausted funds, mem bers of the board of supervisors will arrive in Phoenix this morning for a conference with the tax commission. Under the new budget law no bills can be paid out of fund which has been depleted. even though there is plenty of money in the county treasury.
 According to reports, the county finds itself with a number of funds overdrawn and some running close to the limit, although there is a fortune in the treasury.
 The one solution to the problem is for the commission to declare an emergency, and officials will come to Phoenix for that purpose. In addi- tion to the members of the board of supervisors, Judge A. c. Lockwood and County Aattorney Ross will ap- pear before the tax commission at 10 o'clock this morning.
 -
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
Santa Fe Announces
 Rate Reduction On Ore From NM. Mines
rRepubIIcan A. p. Leased Wlrel

ALBUQUERQUE. N. M., Dec. B. Freight rates on ore from mines in southern New Mexico to smelters in the Kansas Oklahoma belt will be reduced by the Santa Fe railroad about Jan. 1, W. A. Cameron. travel ing freight and passenger agent. an- nounced yesterday. The scale follows: over $50 but not exceeding s100 per ton, s7; over s25 but not exceeding $50 per ton, ss; s25 per ton and un- der. s5.
 Mine operators gay this reduction wiA result ip a revival of mining in the southern part f New Mexico.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

Sixty eight cities in the United States have over 100000 population.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09
COTTON FUTURES

NEW YORK, Dec. 8. - Cotton futures closed very steady; De- cember, 17.s3c; January, 17.67c; March. 17.6Sc; May, 17.46c; July. 17.00c.
Arizona republican., 1921-12-09

ARIZONA: Friday and Satur- oAy ialr' slightly warmer, north eluai portion Friday. cNLoRADO: Friday and Sat 'otuay fair' warmer east portion