Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1921-03-03

tion print cut, engraving that was copyright
ed. In 1870 the law required two copies depos-
ited This requirement insured the Congressional
Library the most complete repository of the
American press in existence. This is one, IL not
the chief, source of accessiOns, which reaches now
about loo per month.
While the purpose of the Library was originally
limited TO the service of the legislative depart
ment, under Spofford 1t soon extended to both the
Supreme court and the Executive, including the
various departments and numerous bureaus I'M
der the departments. The growth con-
slant that all available space where II was housed
in the capitol building occupied. In 1897,
when the Library moved to the new quar-
ters 100000 volumes were crowded into n space
allotted for but 100000 volumes. The rapid
growth dates from the entrance of Spoff0rd. to
whose genius was due not only the fine response
of the public both official and unofficial but also
to the plans and execution which resulted In the
most complete and superb library building of the
world.
Agitation for library building began
back In 1873 In 1856 authority was given 10
purchase n Site which cost $5S5,000 An appro-
priation of $500O00 made to begin the con-
struction. The total cost was S6347,0O0 exclu
sive OF the site. A library which had numbered
about $4,000 volumes In 1854 when Spoford came
to its head had grown to nearly 100000 vol
umes by 1897, when 1t was transferred to its
new home in September of that year. The former
crowded quarters had given way to wonderfully
commodious structure of about 100000 cubic
feet on space, where 1000 readers can be accom-
modated at one time in the midst of one of the
worlds greatest collections of books pamphlets
maps and so forth. Mr.. Spofford asked TO be
relieved and was made sort of librarian emer-
titus, with John Russell Young librarian. In
this position Spoford continued TO his death In
1908. Two years after his appointment Mr.. Young
died.
President Mckinley sought the best possible
talent which was found In DIR. Herbert Putnam,
the librarian of the Boston Public library Doctor
Putnam the first specially trained librarian
to be selected and he, at the request Of the Pres
ident. accepted the position, although at SUBJ
stantial financial sacrifice. With this appoint,
ment of Mr.. Putnam began the fourth stage Of
the growth of the Congressional Library. The
last 20 years have witnessed the development Of
this government institution into a genuine nation
al library. His plan organizes the library centers
into stupendous library system, with Wash
ington the center general clearing house
for library information throughout the nation. 1t
thus the general reader, who is not lin
tied to the authorities found In the Congressional
Library, enormous are the present sources
numbering in the collection 2.S31. 1888 books and
pamphlets, 16644S maps S29,400 volumes and
pieces of music, and the 41S.976 prints. Through
the interlibrary arrangement he has access to
the collection of about 5000 libraries scattered
throughout the nation. BY international arrange
ment, with some additional inconvenience, he also
has access to some of the worlds greatest
libraries outside of the United States This
rangement exists with 13S libraries from "a
countries.
The Library Is still third In dimension, but over
taking the first two-Bbllotheque Rationale and
British Museum. In point of quality 1t cannot
overtake Them for they have material original In
form which II can never secure.
II gets and preserves many volumes not suit
able for local library. The result Is to save
local libraries the expense of getting and accom-