davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
The Nations
Debt zcl5a,,s.a.
torrance

The phrase "our debt to France
means far more than most of us thihk
when we use ii, says the Boston Her
aid. our histories have touched on
the matter in such general terms, or
so inadequately If they mentioned de-
tails, that few Americans realize the
nature or the extent of the help that
France extended in our struggle Tor
Now that we have final
Iy squared that account in such splen-
did fashion it is desirable to know
more of the early items. Just what
did France do?
To begin ut the end, rather than at
the beginning. the force that compelled
the surrender of CORVALLIS Mt YORK
town consisted of 1000 Americans
5000 French soldiers under Rocham-
beau and 5000 sailors landed from the
French fleet. the whole 10000 men be-
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

But Philadelphia was doomed to fall
into the hands of the enemy, and AL
exander Hamilton advised congress to
pack and get out. On September IS
that body made hasty adjournment,
to meet again at Lancaster, siXty-eight
miles away, and left Philadelphia that
night
But before they adjourned they took
n thought about the Liberty Bell
Congress determined TO save the bell
If possible!
1t was not matter Of mere senti
ment. The bell was comparatively new
then. and there We're few sacred mem
orieS clnging around it. The resolu
tion of congress included some church
gress regarded the bells as just so
much metal which the British might
break up and cast into cannon.
Got to Allentown Safely.
SO the bells We're ordered to retreat
to a place of safety at Allentown, fif
ty miles away, and the executive com
mittee of congress was charged with
the duty of supervising the job
Fifty miles over the winding dirt
roads those days was long. long way
The Liberty bell weighed 2,0S0 pounds,
and it may well be supposed that the
"trip was made as quickly as possible.
There was chance that British caval-
ry might come galloping up at any
moment.
Going through the quiet village of
Bethlehem. the wagon that bore the
great bell broke down and the escort
had TO unload and get another vehicle.
But the bell went on to its destina.
ton where, girdled by its defiant Bible
text, 1t waited for events.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
Set Forth ruths

Jefferson did not need to create the
Declaration. He had but to express
the sentiments which were common to
the mass of freedom-loving men. In
after years, when enemies declared
that the authorship of the Declaration
of independence displayed lack of
originality and that every Idea In it
was "hackneyed" and was to be found
In half a dozen earlier publications,
Jefferson replied with perfect wisdom
and fairness, 81 did not consider It as
any part Of my charge to invent new
ideas altogether and to offer no senti.
ment which had been expressed be-
fore"
1t Is this fact that has led some his
torlans to allege that Thomas Paine
may have had hand in the writing
of the Declaration Of Independence.
for without doubt there were expressed
in some of his previous writings ideos
OF liberty and justice that of necessity
animated many of the sentiments en-
bodied in the document us written by
Jefferson. But there seems TO be no
adequate foundation for the truth of
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
In Regular Order
q Aat s>I5a-gsa ~

United States of the same name) re-
ported an agreement upon "Declara-
tion" which the committee had In.
struCted him to report to the congress.
THE Declaration. being read" says
Secretary Thomson. was agreed to
MS follows" Thereupon follows a copy
Of the historic document, and at the
end thereof are appended the names
of the signers.
After ordering the Declaration TO
be circulated throughout the colonies
the congress considered the matter Of
hiring vcssel-for prlvateering pur-
poses pOssibly-and committee was
appointed TO attend to the business.
Then came a letter from Gen. Wash
ingtOn. n measure to consider the safe
ty Of Philadelphia. some more instruc-
tionS regarding flints, the election OF
Indian commissioners for the middle
dcpartment"-New York and Pennsyl.
vania principally--and DIR. Franklin
and other delegates were instructed
10 inform successful candidates OF
their election.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
Defiance

member of the first Continental con.
sress' which met in Philadelphia In
september, IVA. This meeting brought
MN into national prominence. Silas
Deahe OF Connecticut wrote to his wife,
apout Henry. He Is lawyer and the
cohpietest speaker have ever heard"
IL Is not generally known that in
the first organization of the Revolu-
'iohary army in Virginia, the chief
command was given to Patrick Henry.
however he saw no action because
.ne committee Of safety made 1t easy
Tor him to resign
lie was nn inspiring and prominent
lheihber of the second Continental con-
eress. In the Declaration OF Rights"
passed by the Virginia convention in
June ~ l775. 1t is interesting to note
'hat the declarations having to do with
politicai and religious rights were
urafted by Patrick Henry. This con-
vehtion drew up constitution and
elected Henry governor.
AS governor second time he had
the opportunity to prove his undyIng
loyalty to Gen. Washington when some
rev people plotted against the supreme
c'Inmander % head Of the armies.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

ing under command Of Washington. In
man-power those figures represent vir-
tually all that France contributed. and
if the force looks small in comparison
to the numbers that this country sent
to France in the World war let the rel
ative {, rces engaged and the other cir
cumstanCeS be considered.
If the 5000 French soldiers and sail
ors We're on hand in 1888 to help in
giving the knockout blow. only French
money and munitions had enabled the
Americans to keep the struggle going
from 1I7G to that time. After the war
our government officially stated that
the loans and supplies received from
France during the Revolution amounted
to 53,OUO,OoO francs. That was far
larger sum than the figures Indicate to-
day, but it does not include the many
millicns that the French king gave
from his private purse.
How little most of us know of Beau
marchais. The glamor of the chival-
rous Lafayette has perhaps obscured
the fame of the other. Yet the col
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

the statement that Paine had any d.
rect hand In Its framing.
Jefferson set forth In precise terms
the reason for the colonies withdrawal
from British rule, In the classic with
which every schoolboy Is familiar.
The original draft in his handwriting
Is now In the State department ar
chives at Washington. 1t shows trifling
alterations, interined In the handwrit-
Ing of Franklin and Adams; other
wise 1t came before congress precisely
as Jefferson wrote 1t.
Jeifersons own account of the draft
ing of the Declaration bears out this
opinion. According to his statement,
when the committee came together he
was pressed by his colleagues TO un-
dertnke the draft; that he did so that
when he prepared 1t he submitted It to
br. FRANKLIN and Mr.. Adams. separate
~, requesting their corrections, (which
were two or three only, interlined in
their own handwritings :" that the re-
port In this shape was adopted by the
committee and fair copy" written
out by Jefferson, was then read.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
HISTORIC NEW YORK REGION
Vicinity Of Village of Fishkill Was for
Some Time Scene of Revolution
ary Activities.

Were you to spin along the post road
from New York to Albany-the same
old post road that was built in the
time of the French and Indian wars
upon the line of the old Indian trail
you would pass through the most his
toric part of this region, about u mile
from the village of Fishlill.
On account of its situation. in n
fertile plain protected by surrounding
hills, Fishkill was chosen for n large
barracks for Revolutionary soldiers,
officers headquarters and supply de-
pot: and while the British occupied
New York, the government headuuar-
ters for printing and provisioning
were also there. The sword that
Washington himself carried was made
in the village, which. at that time, con-
tained about fifty houses.
1t was in the Van Wyck house,
wrongly called the Wharton house in
Cooper's story, "The Spy" that Har-
vey Birch, who was in real life young
shoemaker named EnOch Crosby, had
his trial. In the meadow below the
house lie buried scores of Revolution
ary soldiers. Across the road from the
burial field We're the barracks. -
Youths Companion.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

The house of burgesses OF Virpinio
OF which Patrick Henry was member
went into committee of the whole
on May %, 1865, to consider the Stamn
act, seven resolutions were introduced
on that occasion, which brought forth
.Dioody' debate. Five were passed
Moses Colt Tyler in his life of Hem
ry' writing of the orators defense of
the resolution says. "Reachlng the eli.
max OF passage of fearful inyectiv.
on the injustice and the impolicy of the
stamp act. he said In tones OF tbri,,In,
solemnity. Caesar had his Rrutus
Charles the First, his Cromwell. md
George the Third ('Treason,' shouted
the speaker. Treason treason rose
IRON all sides of the room. The or.
u'or paused In stately defiance tuI
'hese rude exclamations were ended
ana then, rearing himself with look
ahu bearing of still prouder md f,ercer
determination. he so closed the sen.
tehce as to battle his accusers. with.
out In the least fiinching from his own
poation,)-nnd George the Third NAV
proht by their example. II this no
treason. make the most of IT."
he was elected from Virginia to h.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
How Bell Was Saved
When Howe Advanced
on the Quaker City.
BY Or. Howard S. Taylor.

On September II, 177T, Il warm,
bright day, the people Of Philadelphia
stood around in the streets listening TO
the faint sounds Of cannon firing down
on Brandywine creek, about twenty
five miles away.
They knew that n great battle was
going on between the American army
under Washington and the British.
commanded by General Howe.
And TIE Philadelphians listened to
the booming of the distant guns with
passlonately divided feelings.
There We're many Tories living in
the city who We're devoted to the Brit
ish cause and hoped that Howe might
triumph.
There were also many devout Quak-
ers in those listening crowds who con-
scientiously abhorred war-ultra paci-
fists who thought that the Americans
had no business to fight even in de-
fense of their liberties.
But a large part of the popula ton
of Philadelphia were patriots who had
gotten the Declaration of Independence
tion two months previously, and We're
praying for Washington and his
ragged Continentals.''
Sad News for Patriots.
The noise of battle commenced about
10 o'clock in the forenoon but by night.
fall the sounds ceased, and a few
hours afterward the Phladelphians
learned that the Americans had met
with heavy losses, had been defeated
and We're retreating before we'll
equipped army of invasion which out
numbered the patriot forces about two
to one.
Washington managed to reconcen-
trate his troops and slowly fell back
on Philadelphia-skir when
ever opportunity offered.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

The Declaration of Independence
had its place in the regular order of
business Of the Continental congress
on July 4. 1T7G. and it gave way to
other matters OF far less Importance,
which evidently We're considered with
extreme calmneSs.
For instance. Secretary Thomson
abruptly begins his record of July f..
17TG, with resolution regarding a
supply of ilints for the New York
troops; also requesting Maryland and
Delaware to rush their respective
forces for the flying camp.
Then "agrccably to the order of the
Gay"-see how parliamentary the pro
ceedngs-"thc congress resolved itself
into committee of the whole to take
into their further consideration the
Declaration"
After some time consumed in the
deliberati0n of the various features
of the document President Hancock
resumed the chair and Chairman Ben
iamn Harrison of Virginia (the great
grandfather of the President of the
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

Continental congress together; 1t pro-
claimed the Declaration Of Indepen-
dence; its glad peals announced the
victory of Trenton and the surrender
of CORVALLIS; it proclaimed the treaty
of peace; it tolled out the grief of the
nation at the death Of George Wash
ington; it welcomed Lafayette to Phil
adelphia, and rang once more when
he died; its solemn peals announced
the death of John Adams and Thomas
Jefferson, and its last message to the
world was the death Of Chief Justice
John Marshall In 1885. AS it breathed
forth its sad dirge on that July day its
great side parted and ii was silent
forever. Mute though it is its patriotic
inspiration is far greater than that of
any orator, and more than million
people each year pause to behold this
most precious heirloom of the Ameri-
can nation.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
Another Date for Declaration

The Philadelphia newspapers on
July 3. 1875, merely announced that
on yesterday the Continental congress
declared the United Colonies free and
Independent states" Only those
twelve words and no more 1t was not
until two days later. however, that tie
Declaration, amended and blue-pen-
ciled, was agreed to and signed by
John Hancock, president of congress.
His was the only name then given
out. This man, Boston merchant.
rode In carriage, drawn by six bay
horses, and dressed in cloth embroid-
cred with gold and sllver.-James b.
Morrow In the Detroit Free Press.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

onies would have made but pitifui
showing indeed had it not been for
the dozen shiploads of war supplies
that he sent early in the struggle
muskets and ammunition for 25,OOO
men, 2oo brass cannon, clothing, boots
etc. All that was at his own expense
and he even fitted out ship of war to
act as convoy for his supply ships. He
did it all because the new world strur-
gle for freedom appealed to the ro-
mantle nature of the man who rose
from humble matchmaker to- great
wealth and power. His only reward
was letter of thanks from our con-
gress, but after his death, when his
FAMILY was in poverty, congress sent
1t SltO,OOo-a sum, In the estimation
of Hamilton less than one-seventh of
what was due.
Inc country has put so much stress
on the help of Lafayette a major gen.
eral In our army before he was twenty
and who gave his wealth rs freely as
he dld himself, that the other items
have had too little prominence. Nor
Is 1t to be forgotten that Hollands
loan of 100000 francs at partjcular.
ly critical time was on the persono,
endorsement of the king Of France.
And If 1t is to be considered that
what the French government did OFF,
cially was largely inspired by jealousy
or England, 1t was nevertheless pure
friendship for America and its cause
that led Lafayette and Beaumarchais
ana their associates to contribute the
help that counted most,
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01
Greatest Event In History

We hSve not the military mastery
Of the world. like Rome. nor have we
put other Kingdoms and empires under
our heel. as did Egypt, Babylon. As.
SYRIA Persia, Greece and Rome, but
In the evolution Of civilization those
were as nothing compared with what
las resulted from the signing Of that
.reat Declaration in Philadelphia, July
I, TITO.
The Dolores star., 1921-07-01

The name of Philadelphia is so close
ly connected with Independence day
that any mention Of the latter recalls
the great part played by the city in the
signing of the Declaration of lnde-
pendence. and the large number of his
tOrical buildings and relics that at
tract visitors to the city not only from
every part of the United States but
from many other countries as well.
The chief mecca of the patriotic visi
tor to Philadelphia is Independence
hail in which is contained that great
shrine Of American independence-the
Liberty bell The land on which this
building stands was purchased in 1870.
fhe structure, erected as State house
OF the old colony OF Pennsylvania,
rs slow in building the first portion
be finished being independence
lall." room 30 by 10 feet and almost
20 feet high. The next part of the
building completed was the Judicial
chamber. of the same size as Inde-
pendence hall, and separated from it
by three arches.
After the Revolution the wooden
steeple was declared dangerous and
taken down. Later the wings were
altered to provide more office room for
the county commissioners. and other
changes very much altered the orig
inaI appearance of the structure. The
entire property was purchased by the
city of Philadelphia in 1918, and ev-
cry effort made to restore it to its or
iginal lines. The spirit of the old archi-
tects and builders has been respected
and toilay, as in Colonial days, the
State house typities the refined sim
plicity and sincerity which has left
i. precious legacy.
Saw First Congress-.
In Carpenters hall the first Cont
mental congress convened Sept. 5, 1TT4,
continuing in session until October 26.
The second Continental congress also
convened in this same hall, May 10,
17T5. but later moved to the old State
house where the Declaration OF Inde-
pendence was adopted.
In Independence hall Gen. George
Washington took the oath as com
mander of the Continental army, June
1G, 1TI5. Three years later the Ar
ticles of Confederation were signed in
this same room, and in 17S7 the Constl-
tuition of the United States was adopt
ed and signed. The old building in.
which George Washington and John
Adams took the oath of office as PreSi-
dent of the United States stands be-
side Independence hall, but much al
tered from the original structure.
The old Liberty bell, which rang out
the glad tidings that the Continental
congress had dared to sign the Declara-
tIon of Independence, is known
throughout the world. 1t was cast ir
England especially for the State house,
and imported in 1852. While on the
way it became cracked, and was recast
in Philadelphia. The quotation, PRO
claim liberty throughout the land, to
the inhabitants thereof" inscribed on
the bell at that time, seems prophetic.
The bell was hung April II, 1853.
Figured In Much History.
Two years later It rang a warning
to George III that the assembly refused
to make laws by dlctation of the
crown, and in 17G5, mufiied, the bell
"tolled" the arrival of the hated
stamps. "Muffled and tolled" 1t rang
all day long when the stamp act was
put In operation. 1t called the first
The Ward County independent., 1921-03-31

ed by Walter Fl. Christensen and Hazel
Christensen. his wife, mortgagors, to
, The Farm Mortgage Loan & Trust com.
pany, a corporation, mortgagce, dated
April End, 1917. and recorded in the
Register Of Deeds office Of Ward Coun.
ty, North Dakota, on April 25th 1917.
at 1o:l5 o'clock A. NJ. in Book 100
of Mortgages. on page 400, will be fore
closed by sale Of the premises covered
by said mortgage and hereinafter dc.
scribed at the front door of the Court
House, in the City of Minot County
of Ward and State of North Dakota at
the hour of 9 o'clock =. NJ. on the 7th
day of May, 1921, to satisfy the amount
due on said mortgage on, the day of
sale which is the sum of S53.34. and
the further sum of $167.71 advanced
and paid as taxes on said premises
together with interest thereon to date
of sale together with the sum of S190.0S
advanced and paid as interest on a prior
mortgage, making 4 total sum due ana
payable on date of sale of $310.l7. to-
gether with statutory foreclosure costs.
The premises covered by said mortgage
and to be sold as aforesaid are situated
in Ward County, North Dakota and de
scribcd as follows. to-wit:
The North Half (Nh) of the Southwest
Quarter lSWD of Section Twenty-one
(2D, Township One Hundred Fifty-two
I5o) North Of Range Eighty (SD
West Of the 9th Principal Meridian.
cOrdin" to the government survey there
! Of.
Dated March 30th. 1921.
THE FARM MORTGAGE LOAN
a. TRUST COMPANY, a cor
poration. Mort"agce.
Ralph C. Morton.
Attorney for MortCaGec.
- II
The Ward County independent., 1921-03-31
State Master Williams Tells What
the Grange is Doing

The Grange Is fraternal OrganiZ-
alton Of farmers and others who are
directly or indirectly interested in ag-
riculture, to secure educational, social,
financial and legislative benefits; ma
tional in scope, non-partisan in poll
tics, but truly patriotic, seeking to
develop the highest standard of citi-
Zenship, non-sectarian in religion, but
having its high ideas of morality,
founded on the teachings of the bible.
Seeking to restore agriculture to the
place assigned it by the Father of
his country. Including in it's men,
bership not only the farmer, but also
his family.
Organization Necessary to Progress
The absolute necessity Of organiza-
ton is shown by the author of the
Universe, for in the beginning after
arranging Paradise in the Garden of
Eden, God foresaw the necessity of
organization, so he created and sane
tilted the home. Primitive man be-
ing helpless as an individual, and hav-
The Ward County independent., 1921-03-31
CITY news IN Brief


Shelf-paper, in all the latest shades
and tints. Globe-Gazette Co.
Ice has broken UP in the channel Of
the Red river 20 days earlier than the
average date.
An eight pound daughter was born
Friday morning to Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
Anderson, 408 Fifth Ave. N. w.
The Minot schools and the State
Normal school are enjoying their an
nual Easter vacation this week.
John Bonholzer recently submitted
to successful operation for the re-
moval of a cataract from one of his
eyes.
o. N. Elliott Of the independence s
typographical force, left Monday for
Hinsdale, Mont, where he will spend
two weeks experimenting. some work
on his farm.
The Ward County independent., 1921-03-31
The Independent take of your lob work promptly
Frank w. Youngman Land Co.
Is First Street Southwest, Minot, N. D.

ADD IA splendid farm of 48O acres three and half
miles from Post Office with 100000 house, good water 120
of rich valley land This real home and money maker
The kind of farm would expect to buy in Iowa Illinois but
while the land is just good only ask fifth of the price
For full particulars apply the Frank w. Youngman Land
Company.
ADD "A lO-acre with fine buildings close school
good water barn and garage all fenced three miles from Post
Office the road for sale cheap Fine for poultry
truck gardening See Frank W. Youngman Land Company.
ADD 3$2OOO per for 100 few miles south Of
Berthod Its worth money but this is owned by
resident and will sell it See Frank W. Young
Land Company
ADD Ave have few exceptional bargains in farms that
prohibited from advertising but if you will call at the
office will you particulars Frank w. Youngman Land
Company
ADD 5-We having of inquiries for farm lands and
will be glad have you list your farms with if you really
want SELL Are your buildings insured? Remember write
farm insurance without delay. Frank Youngman Land Com
pany. IL First Street S. w, Minot, N. Oak
FRANK W. YOUNGMAN LAND co.
Minot, North Dakota