davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
WEST FAIRLEE CENTER.

Miss Julia May, recently from
Minneapolis, MINI. is visitor at hel
sisters Mrs Katherine M Coleman's.
Monday evening reception was
given Rev. A L Dunton and family
at the home of his daughter Mrs J
Waldo Mum, at which over one
hundred were present. Mr. Duntor
having passed his sixtieth birthday
his many friends took the occasion tc
give him a substantial sum of money
and beautifully decorated birthday
cake.
Mr. James Wise of Reeds Ferry, N
H. is at the home of his parents Dea.
and Mrs o M Hubbard
Mr. John Hancock of Franklin, N.
H. was also week end visitor at the
same home.
Mr. and Mrs Ernest Richardson and
son Harold of Danvers, Mass. are
guests of Mrs Julia A Richardson.
A grandson of Mr. Jack Kidder is
making him visit.
Rev. A L Dunton spoke to an au-
dience of one hundred last Sunday.
His old friends were glad to see and
hear him again. He starts on his
return trip next week Monday, hav-
ing most thoroughly enjoyed his visit.
Mrs M V Hatch has been visiting
her children and grandchildren in
this place and calling on old friends.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
THETFORD.

Posters are out giving a program OF
The,ford's birthday on Aug. 18th, at the
Hill Everyone is invited.
On Saturday, Aug. 18th, Saturday,
there will be an entertainment at the Hill
camp, for the benefit of the starving peo-
pie Of Russia. There will be music by a
talented Hungarian violinist and beauti-
full Russian dances in costume. Russian
tea with all sorts of Russian cakes of de-
licious makes, will be offered for sale 1t
is hoped people will show their sympathy
for this people by their attendance and
patronage.
Miss Kitty Worcester of Mass, is at
the old Worcester homestead,
A beautiful Bible play Ruth" was
given at Camp Hanonm on the lawn Sum
day eve, which was well presented to a
large audience. A collection was taken
for the Near East Relief"
The negro boys and girls from the
South gave a fine concert at the Hill and
North Thetford on their northern tour of
raising funds for their college. A bouDti-
full collection was received in town.
Rev II + Coombs and family Of n. Y.
are visiting relatives in town. Edward
Coombs and wife of Millbury, Mass.
have been here, but at present are
in Woodstock. They will return and be
present at the towns birthday, Aug. II.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
WEST FAIRLEE.

Mr. and Mrs A Eastman of Barre
were visitors at Mrs Dearborn's Tuesday
Mr. Charles Poland of Berlin, n H is
the guest of Mr. CIV olburn.
The Ladies Aid met at the home of Mrs
Sproule, Thursday afternoon for the reg
ular monthly business meeting.
Mrs Nellie Allen of Hudson Mass. is at
G w Bliss.
FIR Hayard took a truck-load OF Is peo-
pie to Post Mills Friday night to hear the
Colored Jubilee Singers All enjoyed the
music very much.
All roads lead to the black berry fields at
Copperield these drys.
A large crowd was out to the "Movies"
Thursday night.
Mrs Henry Stevens and daughter of
Newport, N H are the guests of CIV Stew
ems and his mother
Mr. Arthur Burr of Lyme, N H spent
the week END with his parents, Mr. and
Mrs William Burr.
Miss Evelyn Davis is visiting in Barre
and other places for a time.
Ernest Silloway and little son of Leba-
non, called at the home Of his mother
Saturday.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
STATE NEWS.

Sixty-seven fresh air" children
from New York were entertained in
Brattleboro last week.
Berry pickers in the mountains OF
South Starksboro report seeing -four
wolves.
w d Moore, a Cavendish man,
while boarding a train at Greenfield,
Mass, recently, had his pockets pick
ed Of S55.
Sixty-three acres of potatoes are
under cultivation in Windham county
for certified seed.
A post of the American Legion has
been formed in Barnet, named in
honor of Samuel Darling, a native of
Barnet and the first man from there
to lose his life in the World war.
Governor Hartness has appointed
the five Supreme Court justices in
this State as delegates to the annual
meeting of the American Bar aSso-
citation to be held in Cincinnati,
August 81 to September 2.
To Fort Ethan Allen have come
1000 cavalrymen from National
Guard units of New York and Massa-
chusetts for Is days of intensive
training under regular army officers.
Hoyt Tinker lost a valuable horse
while moving in a rough place on
his farm in Fletcher. The neck yoke
broke and the animal was drawn onto
the knives, one leg being nearly cut
off. The horse had to be killed.
A child of Charles Needham in
Middlebury has infantile paralysis
and the house is quarantined. This
is the first case of the disease In
Middlebury for several years.
The annual convention of the YER
mont Christian Endeavor union will
be held in the Baptist church in
Brattleboro Thursday and Friday,
Oct. 6 and z. Rev. Francis f Clark,
founder of the Christian Endeavor
movement, is expected 10 be the
principal speaker.
The trustees Of St. Johnsbury acad-
envy have voted TO discontinue the
industrial training department at
reached after a careful investiga-
tion OF the present need Of such
department in the academy.
July was one Of the lightest months
in criminal circles in the history Of
Barre. Chief Of Police Sullivan re-
ported only three arrests, two for in /
toxication and one for the selling Of /
liquor.
The state board Of charities and 4
probation has employed Miss Lena f 4
Hamilton Of St Adams as field agent 1
for children. to fill the vacancy /
caused BY the retirement Of Miss 4
Lena c Ross to become the superin-
tendent Of the women's prison at
Rutland Miss Hamilton Is well and
favorably known throughout the state
and for the past two years has been
IN charge Of the New York Tribune
fresh air fund for children.
There were 20,462 foreign-born
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
EAST THETFORD.

Vern Pressey and family of Waverly
Mass, are visiting his parents, Mr.. ano
Mrs NJ. T. Pressey.
Our Russian friends will hold an enter
tainment and sale at the Hill camp Satur.
day afternoon, Aug. l3, for the benefit OF
the starving people in Russia. There will
be dancing in national costumes by Miss
khTabrof and Mr.. Kovalsky, which will
be of great beauty and interest. There
viii be music by a very talented young
Hungarian violinist. Russian tea and all
sorts Of delicious Russian food will be for
sale.
1t is hoped thot a large number of our
townspeople will wish to show their SYM
pathy for the starving Russian millions
+. II. Sargent left Monday for a few
days visit in Brattleboro, Vt, and South
Weare, y. II.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
SOUTH FAIRLEE.

Mrs Hattie Rowell of Bradford
visited Mrs Sadie Bond recently.
Mr. and Mrs Hawley George and
daughter Dorothy are at the home of
her parents Mr. and Mrs H D Wheat
ley in Bradford, while they are away
on a weeks camping trip.
Alfred Robinson and Reid Carr are
threshing in this vicinity.
Mrs Frank Bennett and Mrs Burns
Bond were in White River Junction,
Monday.
Gladys Young is spending a few
days in Bradford, the guest of Mrs
Hawley George.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12
UNION VILLAGE.

The concert given by Mr. and Mrs
Frank Smith, Mrs jeanette Sargent Drake
and Mr. Ralph Doble, was well attended
and a great success in every way. These
people gave their services for the benefit
Of the Ladies Aid, which was much APP
preciated.
Mrs Charles Pickering Of SomerviIle,
Mass, is visiting Mrs Roy Could
Mrs Grace Bond with Master Ralph,
Miss Abbie Ellis and Mrs Roy Gould
motored to White River Junction Tuesday
in Mrs. Bondis car.
B Morse and Barnard Randall at
tended the fair az West Fairlee Center
Wednesday.
The Ladies Aid viii bod their annual
fair and sale August Is, afternoon and
evening Committee on sales: Fancy
Frances French: Extracts
Mrs J G French, Mrs Gray; Ice cream
and cake-Miss Marjorie Martin, Mis-.
Cora Wilmot, Lemonade. sandwiches and
candy-Mrs NJ : Pierce and Miss Doro-
Thy Campbell; Entertainment-Mis
Adella Martin, Miss Charlotte Thomas
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12

Herbert Hoover knows what he
is talking about when he speaks
of economic conditions and his is
no narrow vision bounded by any
one country. In paragraph,
here is his conclusion on the
business world today:
If we would study the cause of this
depression and the remedies for it
we should devote our time to the eX-
animation of the economic pheno-
mena of the war and of the postwar
boom. From the war we have the
necessity to recover many losses and
to change our productive forces in
accordance with the tremendous eco
nomic shifts in the world. Spreading
over all this, however, lies the fact
that this depression is to a great
degree born of the malevolent forces
we set in motion by initiation and by
all booms. 1t is in the booms that
we speculate, over-extend our liabil-
tiles, slacken down in effort, lower
our efficiency, waste our surplus in
riotous living instead of creation of
new capital, drive our prices to
vicious levels, lose our moral and
business balance. We must suffer a
period of duress from war, and
punishment for the boom, and only
until we rebuild our virtues of hard
work, frugal living, more saving;
moral conduct, higher honesty. These
things art trite enough but they are
as immutable as history and they
are the only way out. There are a
few people who will not accept these
hard facts, who will persist in the
notion that they can by various
devices avoid reaping what they have
sowed. The resistance of a few
groups of manufacturers or dealers to
lowering prices to the general level;
the resistance of a few groups of
workers to accommodation of their
wage to the decreasing cost of living
and the necessity of a betterday's
work, the refusal of some people to
curtail their extravagance-all just
contribute to our undoing. They
have to come into the cold water in
the end. They can not get more
than their ratios of the total. In the
meantime, they delay recovery and
contribute to the unemployment
among the rest of us.
Auditor Gates states that the
state expenses for the fiscal year
ending July /, shows that we
have spent $627,000 so far on the
biennial term. This brings gov
ernor Fletcher's estimate into
the conservative class. These
figures will look big to some of
those who sat in legislature as
we'll as to some of the rest of us
Rutland has had about fifty
applications for the three vacan-
cies in the Rutland schools. This
looks as if the supply were begin
ming to equal the demand or else
that Rutland school positions are
considered prizes and salaries are
commensurate with the duties
Washington tells us that food
prices went up a bit during July
in nine of the ten principal cities
of the country. This ought to
make people glad they live in
the rural communities.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12

Retrench. retrench is the clari-
on call Of the day. Sec'y. Mellon
calls to the nation to economic
and former governor Fletcher
tells the state Of Vermont that
that way lies in salvation.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12

The Opinion Press.
HEADQUARTERS for Printing
Poster work A speciaity.
BRADFORD. VT.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12

Washington tells us that food
prices went up a bit during July
in nine of the ten principal cities
of the country. This ought to
make people glad they live in
the rural communities.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1921-08-12

Vermont has a number of fine
old men, who have in past years
held positions of honor and trust
and who have had an active
hand in building up the state.
One of these is Samuel E Pingree
of Hartford. who has just passed
his ninetieth birthday and is off
on his century run in the best of
health and spirits.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08

repeat daily, about the closing days of August 1920
We began to read in the daily newspapers long
preachments about def1ation Prices were high,
said the newspapers, because everybody was specu-
lating. Then they told us there was too much
money in circulation. Our currency was inflated.
The federal reserve banks had issued too much
rency and it was time to defate the currency. CAS-
a matter of fact, the currency had been expanded
by some billions of dollars, from less than $40
per capita to $50 per capita.) It was said that the
federal reserve banks had extended too much credit
to member banks and the member banks had e2-
tended too much credit to their customers. We had
inflated currency and credit to carry the war.
The war was over and we must now def1ate. It was
urged that the federal reserve banks take action
and stop speculation, especially in food products
BEGAN WITH THE FARMER
NOT THE FOOD SPECULATOR
Now, those who know the ways of big daily news
papers understood that this was propaganda-what
newspaper men call ''inspired stuff"-and that it
indicated that something was going to happen.
Then suddenly like a bolt of lightning from the
skies came dehaton.
Did the federal reserve banks begin with the
Not at ALL Spectators are big fnanciers.
Spectators sit on boards of directors of big
corporations, of credit companies and of banks. =
Defation began right where it was bound to
begin-on those who had no power to resist
the farmers.
Why the farmer?
To answer that question we shall have to recall
some history. This history begins with the time
when Charley Schwab came back from Europe with
his first bunch of war orders, at the time when the
banking house of Morgan appointed the pur-
chasing agent of the British government. This
was in 1915, the second year of the From that
date the American financers and the American
manufacturers began to make billions of dollars by
selling goods to the allies at any price that the
sellers might choose to fix. Our American export
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08

aSC year. DuG Lne Tragedy was enacted IN the three
weeks following the election of Mr. Harding. Dur
ing that period the writer financial editor of a
well-knoWn eastern daily and had chance to OBJ
serve things from the inside, so to speak.
In actual figures, here is what was deliberately
done to the farmer:
Let take wheat: On September g. 1920 dark
northern spring wheat quoted on the Mime
apolis market at $2.62 per bushel. OrOctober the
price had fallen to $2.22, November 13 $1.8O,
and on November 27 $1.56.
And here is what happened to the price of cotton:
On September cotton was quoted at $28 per bale
On November 27 the price had fallen to $14.60 per
bale.
And this is the tale of the hog: On September
hogs were quoted the Chicago market at SIS per
hundred. On November 27 the price of hogs had
fallen to SO per hundred.
Every other commodity produced by the farmer
corn, oats, rye, barley, etc-suered similar col
lapse, and there was corresponding decline in the
price of commodities produced in the factories and
workshops. Hides went down from SO cents per
pound to cents without materially affecting the
price of shoes. At the height of this decline the
value of ordinary pair of shoes became equal to
the value of the green hides Of six cows. '.s-
The value of all farm crops, animal products and
the animals for slaughter on December l. 1919, was
estimated by the government to be 24,96O 900 O0O
Assuming that these products had similar value
September 9, 1920, the shrinkage in value of farm
products between September and November 27
1920, was approximately 40 per cent. Forty per
scent of $2496O,OO0,00O is practically 10 billion dol
lars. But this does not tell all of the story. The
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08

ers bled the allies white of everything they possess
ed-god, American securities and credit-each Of
which in turn finally exhausted so that when
America went into the war the allies had given up
their god their American securities and exhausted
their credit One of the first acts of our govern
ment after we declared war was to take up the
paper of the allies held by the New York banks.
That's how and why Europe owes our government
over 10 billions of dollars and our exporters the
banks back of the exporters and American in
vestors almost another 10 billion dollars.
In other words, we made and sold to Europe dur
ing and Immediately following the war, goods to the
amount of billions Of dollars in EXCESS of what
purchased from Europe. That part of the debt
which our government assumed represents cash
transferred from the pockets Of the people to the
exchequers of the banks and the exporters. The
remaining billions represent amounts which the
eastern banks and private fnanciers are carry
ing. Big business made billions of dollars in prof
its on our export trade. It such easy money,
the game was so Intoxicating, that every effort
was made to keep it up.
But it had to come to an end. Having taken all
the gold, all the securities and exhausted the credit
of Europe, our export trade had to come down to
the basis of exchange Of goods We had finally to
narrow export trade to the exchange of our
products for such things Europe could spare
from her scanty production.
Some things, however, Europe had to have, or
starve and freeze. These things were -four meat,
cotton, WOOL etc. So when the hour set for defa-
tion arrived and with no thought of the hungry
stomachs and freezing backs of the Europeans, but
wholly to keep the purse of the exporters and the
export banks filled as long possible, it decid
ed to drive down the price of the things which Eu-
rope was buying.
The farmer selected for the slaughter.
Canada had some surplus wheat, not enough to
supply European needs but still surplus. Our
exporters said that if something wasn't done Cana
da's wheat would go into the market first, so the
drive on the American wheat market began. Egypt
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08

had some cotton. We must beat the
Egyptians, so a drive was made on the
cotton market. Argentine had some
meat. We must beat the Argentin-
ians, so drive was made on the meat
market. Australia had some wool. We
must beat the Australians, so a drive
was made on the wool market.
WENT ON EXCHANGES
AND BROKE MARKET
How did they do it? The export
ers raided the cotton and grain ex-
changes and sold millions of BUSH
els of wheat and hundreds of
O., thousands of bales of cotton short.
They sold and sold until the mar
ket was broken. The price of
wheat was broken from $2.62 per
bushel on September 9, 1920, to
$1.56 per bushel on November 27,
and then after they had all the
wheat bought in that the farmers
could not avoid selling, they rails
ed the price to the Europeans and
cleaned up on the hungry and
naked on the other side of the
water. The price of cotton was
hammered down from $28 per
bale to $14 per bale.
The export ring skinned the Amer
lean farmer, cleaning up millions Of
dollars in the process, and then skin
ned the starving Europeans. I have
it on the authority of former high
government official whose name I am
not at liberty to reveal, that British
financial agents co-operated in sell
ing the cotton market short and real
lied no mean sum in the transaction.
The federal reserve banks put the
squeeze on the farmer banks so that
the farmer could get no money with
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08
Plan Make Him First and Worst Sufferer From Deation-
The Inside Facts by Financial Editor Who Knows

First of articles by financial writer who writes
under pen name for obvious reasons.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08
BY JOHN LORD

HE facts about the defation Of the
farmer which-I am going to relate in
this article have never to my knowl-
edge been told in way to reach the
eye of the farmers themselves. The
defation plot was laid before election
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08
NO OVERPRODUCTION
TO ACCOUNT FOR 1T

While the farmer was taking his
dose of deflation, rents were sharply
advancing in every city in the United
States. Careful estimates of rent ad-
vances in Chicago for the year 1921
over that of 1920, place the figures at
Is per cent. In other words, while the
farmers were having to set their gross
income back by billions of dollars, the
people of the city, for the most part,
of course, the wage-working class,
were having their rent costs set ahead
by other billions of dollars. Reduction
Of labor costs in the face of advancing
rent was of course impossible.
! But to return to defation of the
farmer How did all this come about?
Was there an overproduction Of farm
products in the United States? Was
there an overproduction of farm prod
ucts in the world? The answer is that
no such thing took place. Millions of
people all. over the earth, including
our own fair America, were underfed
and underclothed, even after the price
/ of raw materials had shrunk nearly a
half in value.
We must look for the explanation of
this phenomenon elsewhere
Go back in your memories to what
the newspapers began to say, and to
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-08-08

value OF al 1aTm IanuS began Imme-
diately to shrink to correspond with
the decline in the price of farm prod
ucts, and if we are to include the book
losses of the farmers as well as the
actual losses the total sum can not be
far from 20 billions of. dollars, or
total shrinkage in values per average
farm of something like $4,000.
New-York tribune., 1921-10-30

opening period. Elliott and Gazells
played the leading parts. the former
taking the ball over from the one-yard
line. The second score. in the second
period, was the result of the two for
ward passes mentioned above
Rutgers Line Worn Out
In the third period the hard playing
of the Lafayette line in the first red
the Rutgers TEEN and the home lads
crossed the visitors goal line twice.
Chickenoski, who had replaced Gazellso
made the first after he and Elliott al
te~nated in advancing the ball from
Lafayett'y 40-yard line. On Rutgers's
si&-sard line a double pass was COM
pleted, Elliott to Chickenoski, the lat
ter going over.
Kearncy, playing HIS first game of
the year, made the other touchdown in
this period On another double pass play
ending IL run around left end. The
final score came wnile Rutgers was try
ing to complete forward passes. Sea-
shoftz intercepted enc and ran 60 yards
for touchdown. Erennan kicked all
FIVE goals.
New-York tribune., 1921-10-30
Colgate Battles
n. Y. u. to II Tie
On Neutral Field
New York on Defensive
in the First Half, but
Rallies for Touchdown

BTNGHAMTON, N. Y, Oct. 29.-More
than ten thousand enthusiasts gathered
ct Johnson Field this afternoon to wit
ness Colgate University and New York
University battle to a to 7 tie. The
game was marked by hard line plunges,
with an occasional overhead attack by
New York University.
In the first half Colgate had New
York University on the defensive, but
New York came back strong in the sec
ond half and succeeded in pushing over
a touchdown. For Colgate Captain
Webster, Connolly and Trainor were
the stars, while Captain Weinheimer
and Sehres for New York University
carried off the honors of the day.
Captain Weinheimer won the toss for
New York and elected to receive the
bal defending the south goal. The
first quarter ended with the ball on
New Yorks 15-yard line Score: Col
gate, 0; New York University, 0.
In the second quarter, following sub
stitutions of Webster for Townsend
and Burke for Connolly, Colgate start
ed march for a touchdown. Burke
ran fifteen ards around left end to the
11-yard line. On the next play Morgan
went of right tackle for q touchdown.
w SASh hiSnC0 biiS sSoAs toCO1C. SOl&d
Z; New York University, 0.
In the third quarter Weinheimer
kicked off to Parnell, who ran the ball
back twenty yards to Colgate's 35-yard
line. New York tried pass, Sehres to
Weinheimer, which was incompleted
over the goal line. Colgate got the ball
on her 20-yard line. Colgate failed to
gain, and Sanford kicked to Vein
heimer, who carried the ball back
twenty yards to the center of the field
Again New York bucked up. and after
going through the line for two first
downs, a pass, Weinheimer, to Sehres
netted fifteen yards. Again tAe Violet
jerseys went through for first down
and brought the ball to Colgate's g.
yard line. Weinheimer went through
right tackle for four yards, and Fried
lander followed him up on the next
play and went over for a touchdown.
Weinheimer kicked the goal.