davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Christopher Columbus, T. B. M.

America was discovered by tired
business man, the tiredest that ever
was. The business man Of to-day,
who has just visited dozen banks
with likely proposition and has
been turned down at each call, feels
one-tenth Of one per cent. OF COLUMN
BUs's weariness.
The Italian started developing his
big idea in 1474. Seven years later
he began looking for capital. He went
to Portugal, where the court tried to
steal the scheme. He went to Genoa
Sorry, said the financiers of that re-
public, but our money is all tied up
in war. He went to Venice and
ran into business depression. There
is no evidence that the bankers who
turned him down even took him to
lunch.
After five years the Genoese was
just where he started. He had trav-
elled and talked long enough to sell
the stock of fifty modern oil com
paniss. But all he had was a tired
feeling. He was about 40 and broke.
His clothing was shabby, his hair
long and gray. The children In the
streets viewed him as nut, to use a
brief and expressive slang word.
He had no Midnight Follies to re-
vive him, no Atlantic City, no week
end golf or bridge, no Columbus Day
to spend at the ball game or the
races. His principal diversions seem
to have been incoming over ToscA.
NELLI's map of the supposed world
or tinkering with a new invention,
the astrolabe, which was developed
into the quadrant.
COLUMBUS never rushed out Of his
ONCE at $3.50. murmuring that he was
all in. His Office was his hat, when
he had hat. He had no motor car.
but when things began to break right
for him Queen isabella sent him
$225 to buy mule and some new
clothes.
1t took COLUMBUS seven years to
put across" his proposition in Spain
and then only upon his coming down
to 10 per cent. as his share. Think
of modern promoter letting go on
such basis after he has argued for
seven years with persons who In.
sist-as Mr.. voLIvA of Zion still
insists-that the earth is fiat!
: COLUMBUS was so wearied that
when he returned to Europe after
the Discovery he looked 65. although
he was not yet so; SO aged that the
King let him ride mule, instead OF
a horse, in the big procession.
There are several differences be
tween COLUMBUS and the typical
Tired Business Man of to-day. One
difference is that COLUMBUS was
really tired.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Columbus Discovers New York.

I saw an ancient galleon
Come sailing up the bay,
The moon and stars shone through It's
spars
As through the sea-mist gray.
Columbus stood upon the poop.
heard him give a cry
When he beheld the city's towers
Against the purple sky.
He viewed the pleasure palaces
with rainbow jewels strung.
The avenues and boulevards
with incandescents hung.
The giIded spires and marble domes,
The arches and facades,
The bridges gemmed with diamond
lights.
The parks and promenades.
'In 1892" ne said.
II started out to find
A land beyond the western deep
With gold and jewels lined
Since then as man and ghost I've
cruised
The ocean far and fast
stil seeking for that wonderland
And here II ls at last
LiNNA IRVING.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Must the Girl Go Hungry?

Wage commissions often do the
foolish thing. Sometimes the error
is in letting wages go up to a point
which adds to the cost OF living and
eventually hurts the Garner as much
as It helps him.
In Massachusetts the State Wage
Commission has made a mistake at
the other end. 1t has established Sl2
a week as the minimum wage for
women and girls in certain lines OF
the candy business.
In the same breath the wage com.
mission declares that the cost OF liv.
ing in Massachusetts for seff-sup.
porting girl is $3.50 week. II the
employer will pay only the estab
lished minimum of s12, how is the
girl to live?
Why should factory woman get
only 81 day when plasterer gets
s12 day? Does the man receive
six times as much as the woman be.
cause he produces six times as much
Certainly not.
A member of the Massachusetts
commission explains that S12 week
is as much as the particular line OF in
dustry affected can stand. There will
be scant sympathy with this view
with the memory still fresh OF what
the candy business made before the
slump.
wkpt about the girl and the si.5o
The New York herald., 1921-10-12

Toxic is $3.50 year. A Toxic mer-
chant told Mr.. SEIBoLD that the Gov
ernment took over As per cent. of his
earnings. There is scarcely thing
which enters into the daily life of
the people," he says, that is not
taxed to greater extent than in any
other country"
There is, in view Of these facts.
little difficulty In understanding why
the demands Of the people overrode
the wishes Of the ruling class. The
balance sheet of the Imperial Gov
ernment was itself the strongest
argument in favor Of the conference.
The Japanese welcome any project
which will cut the high cost of i'm
perialism and it's natural corollary.
militarism.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Daily Calendar
\ THE WEATHER.

For Eastern New York-Cloudy and
colder to-day. probably rain this morn
ing; Tomorrow fair, with slowly rising
temperature; fresh to strong northwest
Winds
For New Jersey--Cloudy and colder to-day;
tomorrow fair. slowly rising temperature,
tresh west and northwest winds.
FOR Northern New England-Rain and
colder to-day; tomorrow fair, moderate to
Iresh east and northeast shifting to north
west winds.
For Southern New EnEland-Rain and
colder to-day; Tomorrow fair. fresh shifting
winds. becoming west and northwest.
For Western New York-Itain and colder
to-day; Tomorrow fair, with rising tenn
perature. fresh northwest and west winds.
WASHINGTON. Oct 11.-Pressure was low
and falling to-day over the Atlantic States
over the great central valley, the plains
States and the Rocky Mountain region
Generally fair weather has prevailed during
the last twenty-four hours. except that
there, We're light rains In the lake region
and the interior of the north Atlantic States
Considerably colder weather overspread the
lake region, the great central valleys, the
plains States and the south Rocky Noun
tain region. while there was a reaction to
higher temperature In the Northwest.
The Indications are for generally fair
weather tomorrow and Thursday In the
States east of the Mississippi River, except
that there will be showers tomorrow IN the
lower lake region and the north Atlantic
States. The temperature will be considss-
ably lower In the Atlantic and Gull States
and 1t will rise Thursday generally east OF
the Mississippi, except in New England and
along the south Atlantic coast.
Observations at United States Weather
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
SALES IN ART GALLERIES.

An executors sale of art objects and
decorations removed from the country
residence Of Emma s. Heyn at Staple-
ton, Staten Island. will be held at tho
Plaza Art Auction Rooms, and East
Fifty-ninth street, tomorrow. Friday
and Saturday afternoons. The collcc-
ton, Including bronzes, paintings and
prints. is now on exhibition.
A collection of art objects belonging
to the estate of the late Lucille Hayden
IL on view at the Clarke Galleries. ~
and A East Fifty-eighth street, and
includes rugs. drnperies. silver and hand
embroidered linen. The sale will be held
tomorrow, Friday and Saturday after
moons. Nf
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
AMERICANS IN PARIS.
Special Correspondence to THE NEW YoRl
HERALD.

Special Correspondence to The NEW YORK
HERALD.
PARIS, Sept 30.--The following Amer
loans have registered at the Office of
The Nec York Herald of Parts: Mr..
ana Mrs. Arthur Boyd, Mrs. Mabel
Densmore. Mr.. and Mrs. Theodore NJ.
Richie, Mr.. w. H. Brown. Mr.. A. w. de
Meir. Mr.. c. d. Sakiris, Mr.. and Mrs.
George M. Dexter, Mr.. A. A. Johnson,
Mr.. Frank Comes. Mr.. Richard Marque-
dant Doubs. Mr.. David X. Thomasson.
Mrs. Jean N. Malnati, Mr.. and Mrs. j.
d. Marks, Mr.. and Mrs. Max Wolf. Mr..
Charles Shul. Mr.. and Mrs Fl. Lorton.
Mr. and Mrs. Henry Fields Of New York.
Also DR.. William j. Allen and Mr.. l..
C. Colman, Boston; Mr.. Charles 4.
Johnson, a Philadelphia Miss Elizabeth
Polk and Mrs. Ada p. Prichard, Mem
phis, Tenn. Mr.. and Mrs. Max Hecht.
st. Louis, Mo-: Mr.. James t. Nichols.
Des Moines. Iowa; Mr.. and Mrs. Peter
j. Allen, Cleveland, Ohio: Judge and
Mrs. Jacob S. Strahl. Brooklyn, N. Y, {;
Mr.. and Mrs. Alexander F. Smith. Read
ing. Pa; Mr.. Bernard Green, Chicago /;
Mr.. Frank A. Furst and Mr.. John H.
Windfelder. Baltimore, Md.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Pegasus Nears the Zenith.
His Square Now Conspicuous on the
ornamental Stage.

To THE New YORK HERALD: Once
more the so-called Square Of Pegasus is
becoming conspicuous upon the firma-
mental stage.
A while ago it was hidden behind
roofs and spires In the east, but now
nightly 1t is rising higher and higher
toward the zenith until around 8 p. M.
1t is sparkling about halfway from the
eastern horizon to the zenith. 1t is
easy to discover. possessing four fairly
noticeable stars forming an approximate
square.
All of these four stars are not, how
ever. In the constellation Of Pegasus,
for one Of them, Alpheratz, in the
Squares northeastern corner. belongs to
the constellation Andromeda. Pegasus
possesses other stars besides those con.
stituting its Square, and it extends west
ward to point fairly near to Delphinus.
a small group of suns upon the border
Of the remote Milky Way.
The four suns forming this Square Of
Pegasus are Alpheratz (northeast cor
ner), Algenib (southeast corner). Mar
kab (southwest) and Scheat (north-
west). OF these four suns Alpheratz Is
the brightest, although the three other
stars are also fairly conspicuous.
All these stars are at stupendous dis
tances from our earth, distances which
approximate trillions and trillions of
mics And not only does this starry
outline look like a huge square but
associated with Andromeda in the
northeast, which extends from the cor
ner of Alpheratz. it also resembles q sort
Of dipper not as symmetrical and per-
feet as that in the Great Bear but,
nevertheless. a larger dipper. On the
whole this Square of Pegasus is very
interesting. and We should not forget
to look for it. particularly IL we reside
in some place where we can obtain a
clear and unobstructed view of the star
lighted armament.
CHARLES MEYERS HoLAfEs.
NEWTON, Mass, October II.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Behind the Curtain.

The play is over and the actors throw
Aside stage finery and glitt'ring gaud ;
Back from the boards where friendly
hands applaud
Each clever travesty Of Joy or woe;
The scenery is down; no lights bestow
Glamour on their return to workaday.
AS, with some humdrum word. upon
4 their way
Tired. hungry. home on foot or tram
they go.
Yet. when each enters once again his
part
And feels once more the wonder and
the thrill
OF make believing with exquisite art.
VIII he or she within his heart be
still
The shabby person Of behind the scene
Or honored lord. or lovely. worshipped
queen!
CHARLOTTE BECKER.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Chayote. in Florida.
Freight Rates Bar From the North a
Vegetable Growing In Abundance.

To THE New YORK HERALD: I Won
der IL Fruit Lover and Mrs. Thomas
know of the chayote. vegetable
adapted to the south Florida climate and
soil. likened In texture to the squash. but
suitable as a substitute for almost any
kind Of fruit or vegetable. 1t grows on
arbors. the fruit is pear shaped and con-
voluted and will stand all the require
ments OF shipping excepting the freight
and express rates.
In the absence Of an arbor the vines
that bear the fruit will cover every
fence, tree or building within 200 feet
and will yield from 1900 to 5000 fruit,
each averaging from half pound to a
pound.
have a vine from the planting of a
single chayote last spring which is now
in bearing and ! estimate that the fruit
already picked and in various stages
from bloom to matured fruit will easily
total 5000 In case of accident or long
before the present crop has been ex-
hausted the same planting will send up
new vines to cover the same trees.
had one vine that occupied cross fence
and a mulberry tree for four years,
sending up new set Of vines about
three times a year.
II planted in a chicken yard and
given arborage to begin with here is a
vegetable that could be produced at
practically no expense thereafter until
shipping time. but which, like many
other valuable fruits and vegetables
named by Mrs. Thomas, will never be
enjoyed by the people living outside of
south Florida until the cost Of trans
portation permits.
think Mrs. Thomas is in error in
saying that the loquat peach and
strawberry grow best in north Florida.
The word strawberry and Plant City and
Manatee county are synonyms in
Florida. and they are south Florida dis
tricts, most assuredly. G. H. FRBAs.
BRooKsvIILB, Fla, October 8.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Japan's Heavy Burden of Taxes

The forces which were back of ia
pans consent to take part in the con
ference on the limitation of armamen,
were the demands of the people The
Toxic Government had reasons TO,
the hesitation which it showed as
we'll as for the somewhat tardy accept,
ance OF the invitation from Wash,
ington, but the greatest surprise
which has come to it in recent years
was the almost immediate favor
with which the suggestion of Presi.
dent HARDING was received by the
Japanese. 1t was, as the staff cor.
respondent of THE New YORK HERALD
says, "the overwhelming, preponder-
ant sentiment in favor Of the Har-
ding conference plan which swept
Japan" that probably convinced the
Government of the futility of di-
rectly attacking that project.
The Mikados Government has not
only always discouraged discussion
Of the financial burdens involved In
the maintenance of great army and
navy but 1t has taken effective means
to prevent it. But in the armament
discussion the old conservative forces
OF Japan, as represented by the con.
firmed warriors in the army and
navy, by the Genro and the boss OF
II all. Prince YAMAGATA, met their
first signal defeat in years.
The Diet, the popular branch OF the
Legislature, saw the trend of ma.
tional sentiment and lined up solidly
back OF the conference plan. The
conservatives may have talked Of a
design to deprive Japan Of her terri
tory, but, as Mr.. SErBoLD says, the
popular mind could discern no direct
connection between the scheme for
bringing about disarmament agree
ment and ''the indefinite proposal to
restore to the original owners the
territory won by Japan in war OF
otherwise"
The reasons the Japanese people
Endorsed the conference project were
simple enough. 1t offered an escape
from the catastrophes incidental tc
the maintenance of an expensive mil
itary establishment, TO support
which they have long been taxed out
OF all proportion to the value OF IT,
Exactly what this means will be un
derstood when It is remembered that
40 per cent. of the imperial budget
goes to the support of the army and
navy and that only 30 per cent. is
used TO provide the conveniences and
facilities for which the people of a
country look to their government.
In his report on the budget and
the system OF taxation Mr.. SErBolp
brings out some interesting facts
The Government has monopoly
over steel, tobacco camphor, salt
railways, utilities and telegraphs
Tobacco is taxed at the rate OF SO
per cent and is practically beyond
the reach OF the average citizen
Cotton and textiles used in maxine
clothes come IN for a substantial
levy. Every vehicle is heavily taxed T.
the cost OF running motor car in
The New York herald., 1921-10-12

they should act together, as the stu
alton demands they should, they
would give big impulse to general
industry and business, put three or
four hundred thousand idle railroad
men to work again, with perhaps half
as many more in the railway equip
ment and supply field, and start the
carriers on the right road to SOL
vency for themselves and service for
the country.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Statue to a Gourmet.

The little south France village oi
Belley is to erect statue to its
most distinguished native born. Bril-
LAT-SAvAR1N, epicure,4 guide, philoso
pher and friend Of whomsoever would
dine we'll and correctly. The world
remembers this son of France by one
book, "The Physiologie Of Taste
but the town where he was born
reveres his memory as Deputy, its
Mayor, a writer on economies and
law and fugitive from the terrors
Of the French Revolution.
Many French writer's Of the time
OF BRrLLAT-SAvARIN made little side
excursions into gastronomy. The
poet and journalist BERcHoUx wrote
his poem "Gastronomie" in 1900 and
left some epigrams which have at
times been attributed to BRILLAT-
SAvAR1N. It was he who advised us
always to remember in the course of
life that "a dinner without ceremony
is perfidy," that nothing should
disturb an honest man who dines,"
and that "a poem is never worth a
dinner"
BRILLAT-SAvARIN's "Physiologie du
gont" did not appear until years
later, but its curious and interesting
combination Of humor, wit, philoso-
ply, anecdotes, science and chemis.
TRY gave 1t popularity which
eclipsed BERcHoUx's poem and
caused it to be almost entirely for.
gotten. BRILLAT-SAvARIN's one phrase
"Dis moi ce que tn manges, je te
dirai ce que tu es" ('"Tell me what
you eat and / will tell you what you
are") became Immediately subject
Of lively discussion.
When he wrote this book he was
seriously i'll, and he felt the end of
his life near. He turned from one
of his wittiest and most brilliant
pages of humorous anecdotes to
write his poem "Je vais mourir'
CT am going to. die"). The years
which he spent as refugee from
his native land left deep impress
sion upon him. His privations and
sufferings in Switzerland led him to
seek an asylum in America. He
lived In New York from 1894 to 1896,
earning living by teaching French
in the daytime and playing evenings
in a theatre orchestra. He always
referred to his life in New York as
the brightest and happiest of his
refugee days.
The ceremony OF the unveiling Of
the statue is to be made the occasion
for Brillat-Savarin week in Belley.
1t is also to be, most appropriately,
O week of feasting. The most famous
Of French chefs will be present and
will serve throughout the celebrations
only dishes especially praised by the
master. AS some one remarked long
ago, "They do those things better
in France"
The New York herald., 1921-10-12

The vote of the United States Sen
ate exempting American vessels en-
gagged in the coastwise trade from
payment of Panama Canal tolls is
not an act of which the American
people will be proud. The ethical
question involved is all the more pain
ful because of the technical color tn
the contention of the free tolls" peo-
pie that this country is not thereby
repudiating it's solemn obligations
entered into with the world. But
questions of honor are neither hap
PLY nor decently resolved on techni
cal points.
It is true that foreign vessels al
ready are shut out Of our coastwise
trade by our existing navigation
laws. There would be no tolls dis
elimination against them, therefore,
30 far as concerns their possible CON-
petition with our coastwise shipping
Our own vessels engaged in the for
eign trade and competing with the
foreign ships would be left on the
same tolls basis with them.
But when the United States Gov
ernment bound itself to treat all ma
tions alike in respect of the use of
the Panama Canal there is no ques-
tion what the nations understood by
this agreement--that tolls should be
the same for all ships And there is
no question how we shall be re-
garded by the rest of the world IL we
default in what was taken by every.
body to be the solemn pledge of the
. United States.
Then there is the grotesque miscar-
riage of relief to American shipping
In this tolls measure. 1t tosses a
rich gift to the very part of our ship.
ping which needs no protection from
the already excluded competition of
foreigners. Because our coastwise
shipping as whole is a monopoly
by virtue OF its immunity from for
eign competition, it costs great
deal more in freight charges, in some
instances twice as much more, to
make freight shipment from New
York to Portland, Oregon, through
the Panama Canal than it costs to
make similar shipment from Eu-
rope to Portland, Oregon, through
the Panama Canal.
This very high freight charge by
American vessels in the monopoly
coastwise trade, as compared with
foreign trade freights by all vessels,
may not shock the American people
who wish to keep foreign competition
out Of our coastwise carrying at any
price; but it will convince them that
there is no desperate need OF relief
for such shipping measured against
the need Of our vessels which do have
to meet the overseas competition of
the foreign vessels.
And a final touch of irony is added
to this situation in the thought that
obviously If the canal is to be made
to earn its operating expenses our
hard pressed ships engaged in the
foreign trade going through the
canal will have to pay heavier tolls
than before In proportion, as the more
prosperous ships in the coastwise
trade nav none at all.
The New York herald., 1921-10-12
Railway Rstrs and Business.

The agricultural bloc in Congress
wants railway rates reduced, Secre-
tary HOOVER Of the Department of
Commerce wants them reduced and
the public wants them reduced. But
! nobody is keener for rational read.
iustment of freight and passenger
charges than the railroads them
selves. General ATrERBURY spoke not
merely for the great Pennsylvania
system of which he is the operating
head when he said the other day that
there must be liquidation in coal and
transportation as in everything else;
he spoke for all the railroad sense
and experience in the country.
While, however. readjustment of
rates Is necessary to help general in
dustry to do more business and thus
to help the carriers by making more
traffic for them to haul, the transpor-
tation charges cannot come down as
whole while operating costs stay
IN without the carriers going bank.
rupt. And bankrupt carriers can
not give the country good service.
Railway labor union chiefs and
some railway baiters in Congress are
citing the August earnings of the
roads to show that the roads could
now stand material rate reductions
without other readjustments. But
what the Official reports of the Au-
gust earnings really show is exactly
the opposite OF that
The roads, all taken together, were
able to show net earnings of $780,
900, 900, for August only by skimping
maintenance work to the shocking
extent Of S15o,0O0,00O. II they had
kept up the roadbeds in respect OF
rails, ties and ballast, as sound bust.
ness management requires; IL they
had repaired the unserviceable and
renewed the worn out rolling stock,
as they ought to have done to the
extent of that $150,000,00O which
was not spent because Of their
financial necessities, the roads all
taken together would not have
made a dollar OF net earnings; they
would have shown an operating
deficit OF $60,00O,0O And an oper.
ating deficit OF s6O,OO0,O 900 in what
is normally about the best railroad
month in the year would have been
ruinous of railway credit.
Operating costs which are still on
the war imitation basis have got to
come down not only before there can
be general reduction OF rates, but
before the roads can put and keep
themselves In first class condition.
This means lower labor and coal
costs, which are the overshadowing
items OF expense in operating the
American transportation system.
They count up, In fact, far heavier
total OF expenditures than all the
other railway charges and costs put
together.
Secretary HOOVER and a portion
OF the unemployment conference see
that railway labor costs must come
down along with traffic rates. But,
after all, It Is not up to Secretary
HOOVER and the unemployment con-
ference to get the labor costs down.
They have no power to do this. The
agricultural bloc has no power to do
II. The United States Railroad La
bor Board, the railroad managers and
the railroad workers, IL they would
pull in harness, have the power. II