davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Is Golf Irish?
Startling Conclusions of a Chicago
Antiquarian.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: THE
HERALD Is the axle of news and variety.
Since you include '.golr' and say it "cant
put the query Els golf after all an Irish
gamer"
In putting the question It Is done with
respect and reverence; in no sense to
disturb the settled ease and mental poise
and satisfaction of ye good Scot or
Briton. Why the suggestion, however
Simply this: Ireland was the first of the
islands to be reclaimed from Druidisr
and converted to Christianity. That
was IN the carly fifth century. After
that Scotia or Scotland became Chris
tian-the sixth century: England in the
eighth and Germany in the ninth CEN
tury and all following and through
Irish missionaries True also that the
Scotch and Irish were practically all Celt
and one people then and all friendly.
Now, tken, It IS of the old Irish folk
lore that st. Patrick at the famous
Druid feast showed "a that the leg
Of O bird was larger than quarter of
beef and (2) that dog could kill the
DirQ and t6D tiat tHree ica'eS couA"
jointly subsist on one stem and at that
feast 'there we're feats of strength and
art all round and among the games
was the game called mine Holes"
That was the first mention or the
nine hole game or course. II was so
played in Ireland for centuries. 1t was
the putting OF the ball into each hole
~ the nine as laid out in the course.
Therefore, the question Was that game
tho forerunner of its kind in the world.
and If SO was It the forerunner or key
stone of golf? s. j. OkEEFFE.
CHICAGO, June Z.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
The Judiciary Article.
Judge Clearwater Asks for Assist,
ance IN Its Revision.

To THn NEW YORK Herald: The
Convention created by the last Legis-
lature 10 consider the revision of the
Judiciary Article OF the Constitution
having appointed Judges Rudd OF AL
bany. Newburger OF New York. Cobb
Of Onondasa, Hin OF Chenango- and my
self committee on the composition.
jurisdiction and powers OF the Court OF
Appeals. we shall be glad to receive
suggestions from the Bench. the Bar.
the Press and the Public relative to
that Court
A revision Of the y-s.c.asy Aresnle long
has been regarded as imperative.
Since tho war the City OF New York
has become the financial centre of the
world, the population Of the State rap
IDLY 70 increasing, the expansion of the
gravity and consequences OF the deter
mination OF questions presented to our
Courts Is conceded. The aid of citizens OF
sound judgment and broad experience
cannot but be helpful In formulating the
provisions OF the fundamental law rela-
tive TO the Court OF Last Resort
Having been chosen the chairman of
the Committee, on It's behalf shall be
glad to receive suggestions regarding
the matter addressed TO 3Is Albany
avenue. Kingston, n. Y.
A. T. CLEARWATER.
KINGSTON, June s.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
A Good Scrubbing Job.

Everybody who has a fire insurance
policy-and it's a poor man who
hasn't one-will be grateful to the
Lockwood Committee and it's counsel,
SAM UNTERMYER, for what they have
80 swiftly accomplished.
Henceforth New Workers who take
out fire insurance may do SO with the
knowledge that the rates and regula-
tions have been reviewed by the State
Superintendent of Insurance; that
credit will be given to policyholders
FOR the installation Of fire preventing
devices, and that their business will
not be subject TO the autocratic rule
OF brokers' and companies corners.
In these particulars, and in the
ratter Of safe investment of fire In
surance company funds, Mr.. UNTEs-
MYER has compelled the companies to
take as good a scrubbing as the life
insurance companies got in 1906.
The fire insurance men may not
like the taste Of soap now, but they
will be glad later, just as the life
insurance company men have been
glad that they were put through the
washing machine. For the life in
surance business never enjoyed such
public confidence as 1t has had since
the scandal: and this, we think, will
be true also of the fire insurance
business.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
The Great Wind Jammins Contest.

A million here and a million there
And q couple OF millions 10 give them
care.
A scientific commission, Of course,
To prevent graft in their spending per-
force.
Then o million more IL necessary
To nay the commission and secretary
And auditor and a staff of clerks
And legitimate expenses called perks
Thus by the new gsometric progression
A million moro soon joins the proces-
sion.
And then appears an additional tax
And statesmen fierceiy sharpen the axe
And tell just where they are going to
cut
As soon ms they get things out OF tho
rut,
And they swing the axe with q mighty
swing.
But somehow they never cut thing.
In fact. the hercer they swing the axe
The heavier, some way, grows the tax.
And all we do is 20 sweat and groan.
How long, o Lord. how long" we
moan,
Before our statcmen's eyes arc
skinned
To the fact that you can't cut expenses
vita wind7'
MAus1cs MORRIS.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
THURSDAY, JUNE 8, 1921.
Lasler Heads the Shipping Board.

President HABDING's appointments
to the Shipping Board are of a very
high and promising order.
Mr.. LAsKER, the new chairman. is
a successful business man OF large
administrative capacity, unfagging
driving force and wide vision.
Former Senator CHAMBERLAIN
gained distinguished and lasting
reputation for himself while serving
in the upper branch Of Congress.
President T. V. O'CoNNoB of the
international Longshoremen's Union
has long been known as one OF the
strongest labor leaders in the coun-
try. What he does not know about
the problem from the angle Of wages
end working conditions probably is
not worth knowing.
Admiral BENSON continues on the
Board for one year, making his
knowledge OF the situation available
to the new chairman and the other
members.
Mr.. PLuIMER of Maine and the
remaining appointees add to the
scope and strength Of the Board.
With American shipping laws
what they are, American construc-
tfon and operating costs what they
have been and American export con-
ditions what they are liable to be
the commission to salvage the Gov
ernment's great merchant fleet from
rrin and decay can be no child's
play for anybody. But the country
has every reason to feel confidence
in the ability of Chairman LAsKEH
to do the thing IL it is in anybody's
power to do It. He is very un-
usual man with a record Of making
q success of everything to which he
has set his hand.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
5so.ooO. 900 1.soo.Ooo.oo

Four and one-quarter barrels of oil
being equivalent to one ton of coal,
the 550,000.000 barrels OF world oil
production would equal about 130, ,000,-
600 tons OF coal. Britain's coal con-
sumption alone being 10000. 900 tons
a year. Mr. BRowSLIE points out that
IL all the oil produced we're shipped
TO Great Britain It would not take
the place OF the coal, and IL all the
world were to use oil exclusively the
annual production would have TO he
4,S00 100000 barrels instead of ESQ.,
100000 barrels.
He also shows that ia England the
average price of oil makes the same
number OF heat units obtained from
10000 Of coal cost f1S,0O0 ~ oil
is burned. He does not count the ar.
guments of cleanliness and easy
handling, and the labor savings, as
OF any force in England because they
are Offset by the necessity Of bring
ing oil overseas. while coal is oh.
tainahlc near &C hand
In the United States. where both oil
and coal are close at hand. the con.
sumption for fuel purposes in 1920
was 317.000000 barrels o. this 100.
10000 barrels was utilized by man
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Intelligent Operagoers.

The latest bulletin OF the Brooklyn
Public Library gives some interest
fng information about the musical
department of that institution and
the manner in which the patrons OF
the library make use OF It. The
library contains over $500 volumes
OF instrumental music, OF which the
greater portion Is piano compositions
and arrangements, but the largest
demand, especially during the opera
season, Is for opera scores, librettos
and synopses. While opera is in full
blast at the Metropolitan the Gus.
tomary lending period Of two weeks
for a volume has to be reduced 10
three days for these opera books.
The activity of borrowers of such
volumes is accepted as evidence of
a large music loving element among
the llbrary's visitors. There is nc
doubt that such an element exists
The figures show It, But they show
something even more important
namely, that these borrowers are ami
mated by a desire to be intelligent
listeners to opera. They certainly
do not go to the performances merely
10 hear the golden tones OF certain
famous singers or TO be thrilled by
pealing high notes.
Those who take tho trouble 20 stud,
operate scores OF only to read th'
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Not Getting Anywhere.

Secretary MELONS Treasury financ-
ing programme does not necessarily
mean his definite and final abandon
ment Of all hope that the United
States Government Will quit over
spending its income. 1t does mean
that the man who is charged with the
responsibility Of handing out the cold
cash to meet the nations current ex-
penditures by billions and to pay for
dead horses by billions cannot afford
to take any risks of finding importu-
nate creditors knocking at the door
Of an empty Treasury.
The administrative spenders and
legislative appropriations may come to
their senses. The Federal depart
ments may stop demanding hundreds
of millions of dollars more than they
ought to squander and Congress may
stop voting the squander. But until
they do settle down to the actual
performance of saving instead Of CIV
ing vocal descriptions Of what they
are going to save the Secretary OF the
Treasury must take heroic measures
to keep of the rocks.
So in place OF reducing the ma
tional debt, as the American people
always have expected their Govern
ment to do in times of peace, Secre'
tary MELLON is compelled to make
provision for a possible increase OF
national debt-and this two years
and seven months after the armis'
tice. Instead Of getting the interest
rates and the interest payments OF
the Government down he must make
shift to keep afioat with emergency
borrowing which sends the interest
rates and the interest payments up.
Unless, in truth, the Federal de
partments and Congress call a halt
on the wild extravaganza and colos
sal waste to which the Government
is still giving free rein Secretary
MELONS new issue OF half a billior
VI VI tilSc yCi1 hOLOo dhe
one year certificates is only begin
ming of what he must do to replace
seven and half billions Of dollars
of low interest, short term indebted
ness with longer term and high In
terest obligations of the nation.
Unless Congress promptly adopts
and puts into early operation a tax
system that Is not only rational ir
principle and productive in practice
but stimulative of general business
as we'll there are going to be danger
Gus revenue deficiencies even II the
prodigal Government spC 2ders are
clicked off at last.
Both the administrative aud the
legislative branches of the Govern
ment have utterly failed thus far tc
get anywhere with the redemption oi
the Treasury from financial stress
and the deliverances of the public out
OF taxation bondage. They would
better begin to get somewhere righ,
STRAIGHT away.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09

ufaoturing plants, 100000 in the
steel industry. 50,00O,000 by railroads.
20, 1000. 900 by gas works, or 215.O00,-
900 for land uses. the remainder, 1922
100000 barrels, being consumed as
follows: Navy. 100000; merchant
ships, 65,000.o0O, and exported to for
eign countries 26.000.0Oo.
Despite the widespread use of fuel
oil for industries in this country, and
in competition with coal, the various
defenders of coal do not believe it
will ever attain a corresponding place
in England. The United Kingdom
must depend on coal as its main fuel.
The declaration OF the First Lord
of the Admiralty in 1918 that "the
Allies fioated to victory on a wave OF
oil" is forgotten. In its place Is put
the advice of Lord PIRRIE after a re-
cent visit to America that world
shortage of oil makes 1t inadvisable
to convert even ocean cargo carriers
into OIL burners. or to embark on a
larger programme for the consump-
tion of oil in land industries in the
British Isles.
The known supply Of coal in the
world is enough for 1000 years at the
present rate of consumption, and of
this supply Mr.. BgowNLr asserts
England has enough to last her for
500 years. But in case the facts
should not bear out the figures, he
takes consolation In the conviction
that "the future power supply of the
world is not in oil but in water, by
the utilization Of the rivers and
streams, and, above all. Of the tides"
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Hughes Puts Another Ball Across
the Plate.

Secretary HUGHEs's handling OF the
Mexican situation is on par with all
the other prompt, able and wholly ad-
mirable work he has done I'm the
three months he has been at the head
of the State Department.
After eight years of fioundering in
Huerta, Carranza and Obregon pit
falls during the Wilson Administers
tion it has taken this Government
just one-quarter Of year, with the
diplomatic management of Secretary
HUGHES. to make 1t Enthusiastically and
unchangeably clear TO the Mexican
Government that either it will under.
take to discharge its obligations to
United States citizens and interests
or 1t will not be recognized by this
Government. Furthermore there will
be no toleration by this Government,
In any event, of conflscation OF Amer.
lean property In Mexico. Secretary
HUGuEs's declaration on this point
is as straight as plain English can
make it:
Mexico is free TO adopt any pol
icy which she pleases with respect
TO her public lands. But she is not
free TO destroy without compensation
valid titles which have been obtained
by American citizens under Mexican
laws.
"This question is vital because of
the provisions inserted In the Mexi-
can Constitution promulgated in 1917.
II these provisions are to be put into
effect retroactively the properties of
American citizens will be confiscsted
on a great scale. This would con-
stitute an international wrong OF the
gravest character and this Govern
nent could not submit TO its ac-
complishment."
Whether 1t is matter of dealing
with Japanese mandate over
the Island Of Yap, with boundary
dispute between Panama and Costa
Rica, treatment of the German In
demnity settlement or enforcement
OF American rights in Mexico. Sec
retary HUGHES puts the ball across
the Dlate.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Dust Explosions.
Greater Care in the Use OF Electric
Lamps Urged.

Faulty electrical installations and in
adequate protection constitute a serious
fire and dust explosion hazard in dusty
industries. say specialists OF the United
States Department Of Agriculture in De-
partment Circular III. "A Recently Dc
veloped Dus. Explosion and Fire Has-
ard" To prove that fire and explosions
may be caused by electric lamps the
Department specialists conducted Sc
ries OF experiments h tho laboratories
Of a large lamp manufacturing company
All electric lamps In places where
explosive dusts are present should be
equipped with vapor proof globes, pro-
tected BY heavy guards to prevent
breakage. Many Of the dangerous prac-
tices, such as the use Of open wiring,
drop cords, unprotected lights. &C, can
be eliminated by modern installation
methods.
The bulletin says explosions have oc-
Cured as g. result of lowering into a
bin an unprotected electric lamp at
tached to q cord. The lamp may swing
against the side Of the bin. and II tho
globe Is broken the hot nlament In the
lamp is exposed for an instant and the
surrounding dust cloud ignites.
1t is believed that any combustible
dust II allowed to collect on the lamp
in sufficiently thick layers and remain
long enough will ignite. The ignition
OF the dust Is probably due to the fact
that the very chaffy dusts collect on
the globe where they form blanket
,,,t;nf, ,~a,,oc,s radiation ~ fha heat
generated in the lamp and raises the
temperature Of the bulb to the igni-
ton temperature of the dust.
Some of the dusts seem 20 melt or
CONCEAL and form on the globe q crust
which does not burn readily. During
the recent dust explosion prevention
campaign about twenty cases were re-
ported where explosions or fire was sup
posed to have been started by the igni-
lamp or by the accidental breaking of
the bulb in dusty atmosphere.
Under ordinary conditions, with the
small lamps commonly used in indus
trial plants and with free circulation
Of air about the globe, the specialists
believe It unlikely that fire will start
readily. They recommend, however,
that all electric lamps be equipped with
vapor proof globes. The straight side.
vapor proof globe which prevents the
accumulation Of dust on the lamp may
be used to maintain low temperature.
The use OF drop cords and the so-calied
extension or portable lamps is probably
the most common and Objectionable
practice and should be eliminated as
far as possible.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Daily Calendar
THE WEATHER.

For Eastern New York-Partly cloudy
to-day. tomorrow unsettled; probably
local thunderstorms. not much change
In temperature; moderate to fresh south
winds.
Fur New Jersey-Partiy cloudy to-day; to-
morrow unsettled, probably local thunder
moderate 70 fresh southerly winds
tor Northern New England--Paytiy cloudy
,o-oay and Tomorrow, not much change IN
winds.
For Southern New Ensand-Partiy cloudy
to-oay end Tomorrow. not much change III
winds.
For Western New Yors-Increa sing cIoudi-
ness to-day. followed by showers tonight
tao tn-InorroW, not much change IN teru-
pereufe. moderate east 70 southeast winds.
WASHINGTON, Juno 6.-Pressare continued
relstyely h,gh to-day over the East States
This pressure distribution has been attended
oy local thunderetorms within the lest twen-
y-foIr hours IN the Ohio Valley. the south
Appa!achian region and over most sections
from the Mississippi Valley westward to TIE
Rocky Mountains. There werc also light
showers In portions Of the middle Atlantic
The temperature continued above normal
In the upper Mississippi Valley. tho northern
s,ains nd .u. Stssss north hoci Mountain rssicn
Mountains. and II was approximately nor.
NAL In the East and South States.
The Indications ara for thunder showers to-
morrow in the lake region, the Ohio Valley.
Tennessee and the east Gulf States and al
most generally east of the Mississippi River
cloudy weather win prevail In the Atlantic s
States tomorrow. The temperature changes
VIII be slight as a rule during the next two
days.
Observations at United Statas Weather Bu-
reau stations taken at 8 p. NJ ycaterdsy.
The New York herald., 1921-06-09

In spite of the strike the OLD North
State OF the United States Mail Line
sailed yesterday for Boulogne and Lon
don on schcd,;led time. In her hold are
1850 bags OF mail.
Among her many prominent seagosrs
are Ma5or-Gen- Henry @. Sharpe. U. 8.
A. former Quartermaster-Cenera Of the
army during tho war. The General Is
accompanied by Mrs. Sharpe. He said
they would remain abroad at least a
year.
Another passenger is Mrg- Charles de
Rham. Jr., widow Of Lieut. Charles de
Rhaln. vino was killed during tho war.
She will visit her sister. formerly Miss
Ruth King and now the Baroness de
Vtlliers du TERRACE, in Paris. ana Will
remain away four months. Mrs. Henry
Sargent Appleton is accompanying MIS-
de Rham-
Other passengers are Princess Ludovio
Pignatelli d'Aragon and Count and
Countess Fsl de st. Phalle. Princess
Pignateln will go to Bronberg. Poland.
70 visit Princess Louis. mother OF Prince
Ludovic, and his sister. Countess Pus-
lowska- The Prince went to the pier to
see the Princess sail.
Old North State passengers also IN
cluded Mrs. Oswald @. Willard and her
daughter, Miss Dorothea Willard. Mr.
and Mrs. II. A Grannis. Mrs. Elliott
Cowies, daughter Of Sir John Elliott OF
Dublin, and Mr.. r. p. Guthrie, head OF
the Radio Division OF the United States
Shipping Board. who is going across to
attend the international radio conference
in Paris.
Mrs. c. c. Adams OF Cedarhurst, L
l., left with her daughter. Miss Kath-
crime Adams. and party that includes
Mrs. S. I. Pickering of Pittsburgh and
her daughter, Miss Mary Pickering
They will tour England, France and
Italy, retuYnipg in October.
Lieut. Commander and Mrs. EDWARD
H. Loftin and Miss Virginia Loftin
sailed by the Old North State for France,
where they will pass the summer Lieut.
Commander Loftin has been sent over
by the Navy Department to attend
conference, which will last six to eight
weeks.
Miss Virginia Charlton, daughter OF
Mr.. Earl p. Charlton. vice-president OF
the woolworth Company. and MISS
Kathleen Phillips, daughter OF Mr.. Ar
thur S. Phillips. came from Fail River,
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Congress and the Maine Forts.

Surely an ancient fort OF historic
Importance and interest, which has
served its country for century or
for two centuries and has been made
obsolete by the march of military
progress. is entitled to consideration
at the hands of patriots in Congress.
1t has become a monument in the
sense which is recognized by every
highly civilized nation. particularly
and notably by the French, with their
unexcelled perception Of what is fit
and graceful In such matters.
The sale Of Government property
of this sort would be not only an
unproductive transaction pecuniarily
but also In its sentimental aspects a
degradation to more or less merce-
nary uses. Conceive, for example, old
Popham, at the mouth of the Ken
nebec, or old Pepperell, at the mouth
Of the Piscataqua, charging ten cents
admission to summer people visiting
It from Small Point or the Went
worth and selling lemonade and
peanuts on the side.
That is why THE New YORK HEE-
AID is glad to learn from Secretary
WEEKS that his very proper sugges.
tion looking to the discontinuance of
these venerable establishments as
units in the coast defence system
does not necessarily mean putting
them under the hammer to the larg
est bidder. 1t is for the Congress
to determine what shall be done;
and to those who as communities are
most interested in the future of the
old forts soon to go into honorable
retirement we recommend spirited
and prompt action through their To-
cal societies and their legislative rep
resentatives at Washington.
Don't haul down the flag that has
flown over these old forts ever since
the birth of the Republic,
The New York herald., 1921-06-09
Oil, Coal and the Tides.

England's coal strike has brought
to the front once more the contro-
versy concerning the alleged superior
ity of oil over coal for fuel and
power purposes. OIL companies have
taken advantage OF the strike to per-
suade British industrial companies to
convert their furnaces from coal TO
oil burners. They have advertised
the obvious advantages OF oil in re-
ducing labor costs, wear and tear on
boilers, delays in delivery and in
loading and unloading.
But the Britisher does not allow
disparagement OF coal. his own pre-
cious British coal, to pass without
notice or contradiction. The oil COM
panies have had some success in get
ting industrial concerns, electric
plants and even railroads to try oil
as a substitute for coal. In the face
OF this moderate progress made by
the liquid fuel the British press IS
full of articles in favor of coal from
correspondents VINO, as tney stao
down the final period to their argu-
ments, seem to rest content that all
contenders to the contrary have been
put to rout.
There is no denying that Britain's
commercial existence depends on coal.
The strike itself proves It. 1t is quito
as large an undertaking to prove that
IN England or in other countries oil
with all its advantages can ever su-
persede coal as the principal indus
trial fuel. DAVID BsowNLIE, an Eng
lish mining and mechanical engineer,
wields his pen with possibly as much
conviction as any of the advocates Of
oil or coal. He gives these produc-
tion figures: