davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

full inventions. The John Scott Legacy
Premium, as it is called, has been the means
of rewarding achievement along many lines,
for although the oSiginal copper medal was
only valued at $40, there are provisions also
for the granting of small sums of money.
There Is, however. not a greater guerdon,
as far as recognition is concerned, than that
which comes from the fund provided by the
Cadelonian knight Of the retort.
VA glance at the list Of those recently hon.
ored by the fund shows at the head Of the
roll James Hartness Governor-elect OF YER
mont and the inventor of several machines
and Of an underground observatory.
Others who have been rewarded for their
work In behalf Of the race are DR.. Edward
Calvin Kendall Of the Mayo Foundation Of
Rochester, Mimi, an institution founded by
two distinguished surgeons whose name II
bears, for 'biochemical work of high order" {,
Dr. Charles Edward Kenneth Mees of Roch-
ester, N. Y, director Of the research labora-
tory of the Eastman Kodak Company, for
special researches In the production Of
Photographic images" and to DR.. Hideyo
Noguchi Japanese scientist connected with
the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Re-
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
the John Established 1916 Recalls of Other
Foundaho for the o. Mankind

and the Donahoe Comet Medal, which is con-
ferred upon astronomers who in the follow
ing of their activities hapen on some unex-
pected comet, are all on the roster of the
skies. Then, too, the Smith Fund, which
was started in 1884 with $4,000 in cash, has
aroused much interest in the meteoric bodies
and has done a great deal to stimulate the
study Of those wanderers of the sky which
so often fall to earth. Under the direction
Of the National Academy of Sciences there
is also given the James E. Watson Medal as
a reward for discoveries in astronomy, the
medal being supplemented, when enough in
come has accumulated, by $500 In cash.
The Henry Draper Fund. created by Mrs
Mary A. p. Draper, provides for the award
ing every two years of gold medal for the
most important advance in astronomical
physics There has also accumulated a SUBJ
stantial amount in the Alexander Bache
Fund. which under the direction Of the Ma
tional Academy Of Sciences in Washington
provides rewards for the prosecution of
research In physical and natural sciences by
assisting experimental observation" 1t now
amounts to about s6Oo00s
The study of rare plants is encouraged in
the United States by the bestowal of an an
nua1 prize on that subject by the New York
Botanical Garden from fund founded by
Olivia and Caroline Phelps Stokes.
Notable as have been the contributions to
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

N "The Bonds of Interest" and The Ro-
mantle Young Lady" two plays from
L the Spanish which are now appearing
in London, Spanish servants play so con-
spicuous part that they have brought new
sighs to the well-nigh servantless British
public.
Spanish servants, It would appear, talk
in a most friendly fashion with their em-
ployers, and they are SO delightful. when
they are general houseworkers. for instance,
that everybody should want to go live in
Spaini No task Is too arduous, no hours too
long, no service too much for these para
gons. English women at both plays are
heard to mutter "Tuti tutl" in exaspera-
Sssn-
In England at the present time "the
chances Of any relations at all between fam
lilies and domestic servants are nil. TO
quote a dramatic critic. There are no suchi
During September British employment bu-
reaus reported a slightly increased number
OF women who were willing to work out,
but She supply did not catch up with the
demand Married couples. particularly war
brides and their demobilized husbands, are
snapped up by country housewives, but the
cities cannot find maids Girl clerks, whose
work In government offices has ceased and
who were usually domestic servants before
the war. refuse to return to the old order
and that In the face OF dwindling factory
production throughout England and a steady
growth in unemployment
England has no great immigration, as
have we, to help her out In her domestic
help problem: she has no colored popula-
tion. Unless her lower classes (so-called)
can bring themselves TO go back to the SER
vice Of the affluent, Engiands servant prob
lem will be a graver one than ours.
Apropos Of immigration, Americans can
now obtain inexperienced help" via Ellis
1sland-Hungarians, Poles. Italians and va
rious Slavic girls and women. Their ideas
Of sanitation are diffsrsnA from crs. and
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

essay as propounded mad deep and speclaI
significance
The girl students in the Julia Richman
High School, at so West Thirteenth street.
are being trained for business careers, and
to them also the subject of the contest had
a practical interest. Although the number
of students in the fourth year classes was
not large, most Of those who were enrolled
in them were much impressed by the close
touch with which the preparation for writ
ing the essay brought them into every rela-
ton of economic life.
Washington Irving High School has also
many girl students who are preparing to
become the voters of tomorrow, and al
though the period for examinations of the
schools and Of the State Board of Regents is
close at hand the typewriters were called
into requisition for the production of manu-
scripts
In schools where the training is more in
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

TN compliance with tho urgent requests
of many contestants. the time for the
acceptance Of manuscripts In the NEW
York Herald Civ1cs Essay Contest was ex-
tended from January IA to January 2I
period of one week It was learned from
principals and from some teachers that the
pressure of the midyear examinations had
prevented some Of the fourth year high
school students of the city from completing
their researches and reading on the theme
The title of the essay for which the
awards are to be made, I'm View of the Pres
ent Industrial Conditions and Social Unrest,
What Are the Obligations Incumbent Upon
the American Citizen?" caused many Of the
educators to suggest to pupils an extended
analysis and considerable research. They
regarded the opportunity for making an In
tensive study of present day conditions under
the stimulus of a contest presided over by
judges Of knowledge and experience as too
good to be missed
In addition to the first second and third
prizes, which are 500. $50 and S25, respec-
lively, the NEW YORK HERALD will also pur-
chase at regular editorial rates such essays
as may be worthy Of special mention.
The manuscripts should in no case exceed
1000 words, as brevity and conciseness are
sought. and preferably they should reach
1000 words. although the minimum will not
which are unusually clear. original and
forceful.
There arc already several Of this nature
in the manuscripts which have been received
and entered for further examination.
Essays Reflect Spirit of the Age
In All Its Various Phases
The essays seem In every way to reflect
the spirit Of the age. They breathe spirit
Of tolerance. although there are due allow
ances made for the more radical beliefs OF
those who do not understand or appreciate
the existing social order.
Taken all in all, the manuscripts submitted
indicate wholesome respect for the Consti
tuition Of the United States and an intelli-
gent understanding of the circumstances
which brought chaos into the world of in
dustry and finance through the upheaval
of the world war;
Problems of profteering. Of extravaganza
and imitation and taxation are touched upon
in the tersely woraed pages sent to the
Contest Editor.
1t is a serious and earnest view of life
and present day conditions which is dis
closed in the contributors Of the young en-
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Memories of Franklin Endure
In Loan He Made to Young Men

Memories of Franklin endure also in many
loans which he made personally to young
men of promise for the purpose of aiding
them In their careers.
An important influence on science has also
been exerted by the Jessup Fund, founded
In 1850 in honor Of August r. Jessup and
administered by the Academy of Natural
Sciences Of Philadelphia. The income from
Il is distributed among four young men each
year who are devoting themselves to geology
and at the same time assisting museum cura-
tors IN that branch of study.
There is no greater name in American sci
ence than that which Is perpetuated to this
day through the Rumford Fund, founded
by that universal Yankee genius Benjamin
Thompson, who took his Bavarian title Of
count from the name Of the New England
village where he was born. Chemist en-
gineer, sanitary expert and physicist,
Thompson won high recognition in Europe.
and yet always maintained a deep affection
for the land OF his birth. In 1895 he en-
trusted 10 the American Academy of Arts
and Sciences in Boston fund of $4,000.
the income of which has since been applied
10 comforting gold and silver medals and
sums OF money upon inventors who evolve
useful devices in the realm of lighting and
heating, IL being understood that preference
is TO be given to those inventions which are
calculated 20 be OF the most benefit to hui
manity. The Rumford Fund, which Is now
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
High School Essay Contestants to Get an Extra
Prizes of $1OO, $50 and SIS Stimulate Interest in
Civics and mics---Announcement of
Winners May Be Made January 80

opinion, should produce a very satisfactory
essay.
I note" said this principal, 'that the
minimum number Of words is given as one
thousand, although I DOUBT IT, on due con-
sideration, the judges will bar out any manu-
scripts which are not so voluminous 1t
may be that one of the students Of our high
school system, when the full returns are in
and all the essays duly passed upon. will
have produced a terse epigrammatic Pre-
scription for the Ills OF our body polite
which will take only three or four hundred
words.
Looks Forward With Pleasure
To Reading the Winning Essay
"The chief value of a contest on such
lines these, it seems to me, is the incen-
tive which 1t gives to students to say what
they think about the great problems an
the situations OF the day in small compass
and in clear and concise English style.
| am looking forward, therefore, with pleas
urable anticipation to reading the three
winning essays. 1 have no doubt that the
judges will find also several others worthy
of honorable mention, which THE New York
HERALD might be well justified in printing
for the edifcation of It's readers
There are many extensive theses of ff-
teen or twenty five thousand words being
prepared these days in our universities. but
who knows but what in some of these
shorter compositions which have been writ
ten by keen young men and women under
such stimulus there will be much and
perhaps more than in the most profound
treatises ever penned?"
The exact date Of the announcement of
the prizes cannot be determined, as the
reading of the essays is necessarily a
lengthy process and requires more than
usual care In order to give due weight to
the originality of thought and the English
style. The examination is being made, how
ever, in no perfunctory manner The es-
says for the final judgment are being
grouped and graded, in accordance with a
system which will give the best chance to
all contestants. 1t is believed however
that the decision dAthe judges will be ready
by the last day of this month"; which is the
date set for the midyear commencement
If by any chance the award should go to a
student who Is being graduated at that
time, he or she will have the distinction of
having an academic honor in addition to the
diploma. The contest thus will have ar
angle which will be deeply interesting, not
only in educational circles but in the realms
of practical life.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Several Funds Give Aid
To Study of Astronomy
James Sufthson Bequeathed Half
Million Dollars to the United States

encouragement to investigation in the
realm Of astronomy is being offered In the
United States by several well known funds
The Joseph Henry Fund of $4,000. founded
in 1878 to assist mertorious research along
astronomical lines especially; the Benjamin
Apthorp Gould Fund of $4,000. dedicated
to the promotion of research in astronomy,
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

close to $4,000 produces about four thou
sand year and is still powerful force In
the development of the useful arts and SCI
ences in the United States.
One of the most remarkable bequests ever
given for the advancement of knowledge and
research in the United States is represented
by the Smithsonian Institution OF Washing
ton, founded through the generosity of James
Smithson, British chemist and mineralogist.
James Smithson Bequeathed Half
Million Dollars to the United States
BY his WILL made public after his death in
1929, now nearly century ago, he left the
sum of 100000 to the United States for the
founding of IAN establishment for the diff
fusion of knowledge among men," On ac-
count of Smithson not being an American
citizen and for various other reasons there
was considerable opposition to the accept
ance of this bequest but the counsel of John
Quincy Adams and others finally prevailed
and in 1916 there was started in the national
capital that great institution which has been
the means Of promoting research and knowl-
edge In manifold ways. The usefulness of
the Smithsonian was greatly increased by
Thomas G. HodglSins Of Rhode Island who
gave several hundred thousand dollars, in
cluding the sum of 100000 for the study of
the nature Of the atmosphere in connection
with the welfare of mankind" This Is only
one of the means through which the institu-
ton has furthered invention and research.
Among the rewards which wait on science
In the Eastern United States may be men
toned the Walker Grand Prize. given under
the auspices of the Boston Museum of Nat
ural History for "mertcrious scientific inves-
tigation or discovery in the realm of natural
history
Chemistry has many opportunities for ma
terial success and has also to offer numerous
high honors and medals which are made pos
sible by generous donors. One of the best
known Of these is the Sir William Perlxin
gold medal conferred upon American chem
lists by the joint 1udDment OF the New York
section of the British Society of Chemical
Industry and the American Chemical Society.
for achievements In the science to which
these organizations are dedicated. Sir Will
lam was the father OF the aniline dye indus
try, which developed from the discovery of
his process for making the mauve color,
which was its beginning. This oddly shaped
hexagonal medal has done much to foster
modern Industrial chemistry The Willard
Gibbs Medal, awarded for progress In physi-
cal chemistry the William II. Nichols Medal.
bestowed for the best paper on chemistry pre-
pared by members of the American Chemical
Society in a current year. and many other
awards offered by universities and colleges
as well as by corporations are doing much to
stimulate and develop the science born with
the caul OF alchemy, while the Wolcott Gibbs
Medal, which was founded in 1892 on the
SEVENTEEN birthday of the scientist whose
name IL bears has also been an aid to chemi-
cal research in many phases.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Brooklyn Teachers See Much
~ Of Benefit in the Competition

In most of the high schools of the city
and especially In the Borough Of Brooklyn
the principals praised the contest from the
point Of view Of an exercise in the use Of
precise and forceful English
One principal said that on account Of
the subject treated any student who was a
close reader of the newspapers and was
duly sensitized to his surroundings should
be able to make good showing, If he could
think clearly and write forcibly. In addition
ton to the preparation which he should have
been able to make who followed the re-
quired courses of economics in the high
schools Of the city, any student. in his
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

search. for eminent work in the discovery of
disease producing organisms and the means
of combating their action"
Such awards as these indicate that the
founders of these old time funds had vision
which went far into the future and that.
though they have long since passed from
earth, they still exert powerful influence
upon present day science and industry
Benjamin Franklin, for instance, left an
impress upon American invention and
science which Is ineradicable The Franklin
Institute of Philadelphia, founded in his
honor, is only one of the many manifesto
tions Of his genius, and 1t exists to-day as
mighty force in human progress. 1t is in
trusted with the giving of many other
awards which have helped In the develop
ment of science and invention. 1t admin
listers, for instance, the Boyden Premium.
founded many years ago to be conferred
upon "any resident of North America" who
shall determine whether or not rays of hight
are always transmitted with the same
velocity. The original sum conferred was
$1,000 and II has been increased to 50, 000
One partial award was made on this interest
ing subject, according to the records.
The institute also confers. the Edmund
Longstreet Medal. for scientific achievement
and the Elliott, Cresson Medal
The all embracing intellect of Poor
Richard" Is also revealed in the American
Philosophical Society, which came into being
In 1743 and Of which he was the principal
founder. Among the prizes which the society
confere is the Magelanic Gold Medal, estab
Iished in 1855, In honor of the intrepid ex-
plorer, Magellan. and devoted to the reward
ing of the best discoveries in navigation.
astronomy or natural history. The medal
was originally valued at ten guineas. and
although that British coin is now a memory
the value Of the medal Is expressed in those
terms until this day. The society also con-
fers the Henry M. Phillips prize of $4,000 for
the best essay on a selected scientific sub
ject from time TO time.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

the direction of getting ready for college tho
interest in the contest was also keen, as all
higher institutions of alearning are devotins 8.
moro time than formerly to the study OF
econon nc problems. The official circulars
descriptive Of the competition caused much
comment at the Wadleigh High School for
Girls.
DR.. Stuart Rowe the principal, said that
as soon as the first official announcement of
the contest had been receiveds on the last
day of the closing term Of 1920, q notice
of 1t was printed In the orricial bulletin of
the school,
"A subject such as that given in THE New
York HERALD essay contest said he,
naturally commands the attention of sucn
a school as is Wadleigh, here we stress
everything which tends to bring the future
voter into harmonious relation with the
political and economic discussions of the age.
In this. era of reconstruction our students
are deeply concerned as to the future of
the nation, all the more so, in fact, for
the reason that when the drive for Liberty
bonds was in progress. and when the Red
Cross rolls were called, it was found that
Wadleigh was in the front rank. Although
there are many examinations on, and the
tests required by the State Regents must be
considered, there are many competitors"
In the historic building in upper Broad
way, once the IeTklnS ACdueIly anu now tHe
George Washington High School, the prep
arations for participation in the essay con-
test had been carried through several classes.
The school now occupies this historic fame Of
learning. and it enrolls both girl and boy
students.
The competition was taken up by classes
of history, of economics and Of English, all
Of whom expressed desire to enter the
lists
New-York tribune., 1921-12-04
Sutton Place Colonists
Dine in Huge Boiler
Luncheon by Steam Corpora
ton Shows What Is Being
Done to Eliminate Cinders

Luncheon, served in giant boiler,
was offered residents Of the Sutton
Place colony yestcrdH by the New
York Steam Corporation at its power
house, Fifty-nlnth Street and East
River.
The purpose was to give the corpora-
tion, which supplies heat to slx hos
pitfalls and numerous private homes, an
opportunity to show it's neighbors the
progress made in an effort to eliminate
smoke and cinders. The table was laid
in one Of two newly constructed sixty
foot boilers on temporary platform
built over the CRATES, with the boiler
tubes stretching twenty feet above the
heads of the guests.
Major Frederick Pope, first vicc-prcsi-
dent Of the corporation, acted as host,
and the guests were Judges and Mira.
Philip McCook, DR.. Lewis A. Coffin,
Lewis A. Coffin jr., Mott B. Schmidt,
the Misses Hyslop, Miss McDonough,
Miss NJ. B. Gage, Miss Isabel Cammann,
Mr.. and Mrs. T. A. Reynolds, Mr. and
Mrs. George d'Utassy, Mr.. and Mrs.
Lewis A. Britt, James Duggin, Mr..
and Mrs. II. A. Weber, DR.. and Mrs.
Charles Caulfeld, Mr.. and Mrs. George
F. Hurd, Mr.. and Mrs. James D. Hurd,
Mrs, Frederick Pope, Alderman Farley,
Dr.. Kenneth Taylor and Mr.. and Mrs.
Foster Kennedy.
New-York tribune., 1921-12-04
Tooth Legion Inf. Post
Dedicates New Building

The 1o6th Infantry Post of the
American Legion yesterday dedicated
the building at 201 Willoughby Avenue,
Brooklyn, which it has acquired for its
headquarters. At the same time memo
rial services were held for the men Of
Brooklyn who died in the war
There was parade starting from the
armory at Bedford ana Atlantic ave-
nues and passing in review before the
new memorial building. Colonel Will
liam A. Taylor was the grand marshal
and behind him were 1900 members of
the 108th in uniform and more than
400 veterans in civilian clothes.
The services were held in the main
room Of the building, which used to be
the Willoughby Congregational Church
James 3. Cook, post commander, pre-
sided.
The speakers were the Rev. Edward
J. Higgins, Dock Com missioner Murray
Hubert. representing Mayor Hyian;
Judge James Dunno, representing Bor-
ough President Riegelmann; Major
William F. Deegan, state commander
o. the American Legion; General
George A. Wingate, chairman of the
Welfare Committee of Kings County
American Legion; Captain Donald 6.
American Legion; Chaplain Frank
Hanscom of tho 106th, the Rev. S.
Parkes Cadman and the Rev. Harry A..
Handel, and L. A. Pitcher, National
Commander of the G. A. r.