davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
MEMBER or THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Protecting France

Rene Viviani, former Prime Min
lister of France and one of the most
distinguished of French statesmen,
was, of course, gratified at the
warmth of the reception yesterday
given to him. But he had no reason
to be surprised.
He has been in America before
in the great days of the war. He
knows Americas love for France
of how the feeling possesses all
American hearts, Of the poor as we'll
as the rich, of the rural as we'll
as the urban.
An ancient affection deeply rooted
has sprung into lusty and renewed
strength in these later days. Even
the children in the street know
why. 1t is not only because of what
France has done, but because of
what she is. The admiration was
perhaps never more fifty expressed
than in words once publicly ad-
dressed to Ambassador Jusserand by
Theodore Roosevelt:
al greet him as representing the
wonderful commonwealth, the mar
velous French Republic, which stands
forever as both the most charming
and the most heroic figure among
all the great nations of mankind
France embodies all of loveliness and
all of valor; beauty is her hand
maiden and strength her shieldbearer,
and the shining courage of her
daughters has matched the courage
of her dauntless sons. For three
and half years she has walked
high of heart through the valley of
the shadow. Her body is in torture,
but her forehead is alight with the
beauty Of the morning. Never in
all history has there been such stead
fast loyalty in the doing Of danger
Gus duty, such devotion to country,
such splendor of service and Of sacri-
fee. And great shall be her reward,
for she has saved the soul of the
worlI''
NJ. Viiani revisits America in
the hope of securing some sort of
assurance of help should the Ger
man horde once again pour over
the Rhine, as it has done about
once every fifty years for twenty
centuries. Let him be of good cheer.
This country may not be willing to
enter into formal agreement. In
practice that is often less valuable
than policy not too exactly de-
fined. The spirit is more important
than the letter.
But should need again arise
France may be sure that this coun-
try will not debate for nearly three
years where lies her duty and her
interest. The poilu and the dough-
boy are to-day together keeping
watch at the Rhine, a symbol of
what is to be. Back Of France looms
the massive figure Of America, and
Germany must reconcile herself to a
future in which she shall not pass.
Documents signed and sealed NAV
or may not be exchanged, but in
fact the alliance to-day exists.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
More Houses

The Calder committees report on
the country's housing shortage re-
4veals earnest work, and the ten bills
1t recommends show an intelligent
search has been made for remedies.
Various legislatures, that of New
1 York taking the lead, have enacted
legislation the net effect of which
has been to intensity the difficulty
Oh hnding dwellings, and thus TO
raise the rents of the few coming
on the renting market. The warn
angs that such would be the effect
were dlsregarded as showing preju-
dice in favor of landlords.
The rent laws made it difficult tn
: increase rents to tenants in pos-
session and have temporarily pro
tected them, but this was at the ex-
pense Of discouraging construction.
The only one Of them that even
pointed in the direction of house
building was the ten-yEar exemp-
ton of housing edifces from local
taxation. But the city administra-
tion waited six months before TAX
ing advantage of the authorization.
So one skeptically looks down the
Calder list to discover whether or
not It's proposals are also merely to
quiet clamor by pretending to do
something. Happily skepticism does
not find it's apprehensions confirmed.
It is proposed to unite restrictions
that forbid national banks making
long time loans il the borrower
would build house. In the same
direction is ive-yeaf exemption
from excess profits and income taxes
of profits from sales of dwelling
houses when such profits, plus an
equal amount, are reinvested in
dwelling house construction. A spe-
cial home banking system is recon-
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
The 4. s. Submarine Fleet
Our Navy Laks Three of the -Four Types Necessary Modem Warfare

The submarine force Of the United
States Navy is totally inadequate to
meet the demands Of modern naval
warfare. 1t Is unprepared in material
in equipment and in the types of boats
that are needed for offensive or defen.
sive purposes, particularly in the
event Of war overseas.
Types Required
In future naval warfare four differ
ent types of boats will be required:
l. General-purpose submarines.
z. Cruiser submarines.
3. Fleet submarines.
4. Mine-laying submarines.
The "general-purpose" submarines
are intended primarily for coastal de-
fense and for offensive patrol against
enemy ships and enemy commerce at
no great distance from base. Their
displacement should be not less than
800 tons and their eea radius 5000
miles.
1t was this type of medium-sized boat
that did the greater part of the work
fer the Germans in the World War.
With feet of these boats. manned by
only 10000 men, the Germans nearly
starved England, though they were op-
posed by the navies of England. France,
Italy, Japan and the United States,
which were manned by 100000 men, !,
Only about thirty U-boats were en-
ployed at any one tims. but no less
than 5000 patrol craft Of all sizes
were constantly cruising TO save Eng
land from starvation and to protect
the Allied communications against this
small undersea enemy.
For general service of this kind the
United States has seventy-eight boats
in full commission, fifteen in inactive
status and thirty-eight under construc-
ton. Many of these boats are Of less
than 800 tons displacement, however,
and large percentage are defective
in their hulls, engines or equipment
They are inferior in all respects to the
German boats that were used so effec-
lively between 1915 and 1918.
Cruiser Submarines
Cruiser submarines are needed for
long-distance scouting and to patrol
the sea on the enemy's coast and COM
merce lines. They should be capable
OF crossing the Atlantic or the Pacific,
remaining at least month on the
enemy coast without returning to base
or to mother ship. They should
have displacement Of about 1000 tons.
speed on the surface of seventeen knots
and sea range of 10000 miles.
The Importance of cruiser sub
marines in the first stage of an over
seas war cannot be overestimated. No
other type of naval vessel could safely
approach an enemy coast alone and
unsupported. These boats should be
sent quickly at the outbreak of war
as advanced scouts to, the hostile coast.
Equipped with high-power radio they
could report important information
back to the feet or to the home coast.
At the same time they would be
serious menace to hostile commerce
and men-of-war.
1t s.not too much to say that the
cruiser submarine Is an absolutely nec-
essary adjunct of modern fleet. No
other craft can SO we'll perform the
functions OF scout and commerce de-
stroyer while supporting and protect
ing the surface feet.
The principal object of Germany's
submarine warfare was to starvs Eng
land. For this reason the Germans con-
centrated upon the "general-purpose"
commerce-destroying type. equipped
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
M. Tardieu,s Book

Andre Tardieu is about to publish
in this country book entitled The
Truth About the Treaty. For many
months he has been figuring in Paris
as the chief apologist for a settle
ment whose defects the French
people keenly realize.
In the frequent debates in the
Chamber of Deputies over the modi-
fication of the reparation provisions
M. Tardieu has been driven more
and more, it seems, to argue that
the treaty gave to France all that
she can reasonably desire. Naturally,
this has left him the leader of a
small group, for the question with
the government and most of the
Deputies has been what France
could get eventually out Of what is
generally regarded as disappoint-
ing bargain.
M. Tardieu was one Of Clemen-
ceau's right-hand men in the con-
ference and is disposed to think we'll
of his work. Most Frenchmen,
however, are decidedly of the opin-
ion that in accepting the Triple AL
lance insurance treaty with Great
Britain and the United States in ex-
change for French claims of secur-
lity on the left bank of the Rhine M.
Clemenceau and M. Tardieu traded
substance for shadow. The insur-
ance treaty is moribund. And
France will have no formal agree
ment ameliorating her position on
the Rhine.
What the French hold chiefly
against M. Tardieu is that, although
he spent good deal of time here as
war commissioner, he misled France
as to the meaning of the 1918 cleo
ton. just before that election Mr..
Wilson appealed to the American
voters for an. absolutely free hand
in conducting foreign relations. He
demanded the reelection of a Con-
gress Democratic in both houses.
The country rejected this demand,
because it distrusted the Presidents S
temperament and methods. He said
he would abide by the referendum.
Instead, he became more determined
than ever to make peace according
to his own ideas.
The real rift between the Presi-
dent and the country wasn't appre-
ciated by M. Tardieu, and he con-
tributed more than any one else, &C.
cording to the French view, to Gre
ate wrong impressions as to Mr.. w
sons representative and plenary
character at Paris. These impress
sions, the French now see, helped
the President in framing the sort of
treaty which couldn't be ratified by
the United States, thus detaching
from the concert to enforce the
peace the one ally on which France
had most counted.
M. Tardieu's book will be inter-
esting to Americans, chiefly in so far
as it Eliminates the relations of the
French commissioners to Mr.. Wilson
and the reasons for their overconfi-
dence in American ratification of
the document produced by the
Council Of Four.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29

and The New Republic he can
pretty nearly escape oil contamina-
tion of the facts.
There he stands, and to hurl
words and facts at him Ia like
arguing with deaf person. He ia
deaf to the truth. Facts and argu-
nents should be kept for those
who have ears to hear.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29

lone type in our navy our submarine
force is restricted to the defensivel
Admiral Sims, in his book The Vic
tory at Sea, states that in the spring
of 1877 Britain did not control ths
sea-" She merely controlled 1.-THE sur-
face OF the sea-" The Grand Fleet
blockaded the German High Seas
Fleet, to be sure But the submarine
operated at will LAS long as such
warship can operate under the water
almost at willard this was the case
in a considerable area Of the ocean in
the early part of 1s17--it is ridiculous
to say that any navy controls the sea"
"That is. the surface navy can no longer
completely protect communications, as
it could in Nelson's and Farragut's
time"
A Three-Plane Nary
Admiral Won Scheer, who commanded
the German fleet at Jutland, has re-
Gently declared: "Thc fighting value
of purely surface ships has seen its
cay ana passed; the decisive role OF
the future falls to the submarine craft.
We need not fully agree with Admiral
Won Scheer. We need not condemn the
surface feat. But 1t is clear that
surface feet alone will not suffice. We
must have submarine force and an
air force. We must have three-plane
navy, a three-idea navy, or we cannot
take the offensive in modern wa. At
present we have a one-plane, one-idea
navy, restricted to the defensive in
war. Is this situation satisfactory TO
the people of this country? Are We to
have q billion dollar surface feet IN
protected from and vulnerable to at
tack from above and fro~~ below1
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
German Logic
fFro.n The Boston Trcnscrip

(From The Boston Trenscriptj
The Germans decide (ein) that they
don't owe the money; (swei) that IL
they did owe It they couldn't pay IL;
(drei) that II they could pay it they
wouldn't and (vier) that they have paid
it already. All Of which goes to show
that whatever else Is scrap Of paper
in Germany logic is not.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
The Coming Tower
THE LIMIT. LIMITED

lnE LIMIT, LIMITED
I watched her in the sleeper dressing
room.
She bathcd her face and neck. and
next took down
A wealth Of bright, brown hair.
Then, to my pain,
She tortured it and wound it on
those firm,
Unyielding bars of steel called Nat
ural Waves;
And Miss McComas in "Miss Lulu
Bett"
Concealed her beauty no less thor
oughly.
But I forgave her when I caught
the gleam
OF humor in her eye as it met mine,
And heard her murmur while she
closed her bag,
cts just my luck to have this train
wrecked now" NOEMIE.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
By Quarterback

with short range torpedoes. They did
not attack men-of-war nor protected
conveys except under very favorable
conditions or when cornered. The cap
tains were rewarded on the basis Of
the tonnage sent to the bottom.
Toward the end of the war, however,
the Germans built a few long range
cruiser submarines, and many of this
class were under construction when tie
armistice was signed. Five Of these
cruising submarines came to our coast
in 1918 and sank about fifty ships of
all classes. We can easily imagine
the result had Germany possessed a
force Of fifty or sixty boats of this
type.
The United States has no cruising
submarines in commission, none is
under construction, and it is said that
designs for such boats are not COM
plete!
The three T-boats which might pos
sibly be classed as small cruiser sub
marines are notoriously unreliable as
regards their engines, even in cruising
from port to port.
without cruising submarines the
United States Navy cannot take quick
action in obtaining information of
enemy movements, in attacking men,
of-war and merchant ships and In
menacing an enemy coast over seas.
This condition three years after the
armisticc Is without excuse!
Fleet Submarines
Fleet submarines are intended to Oh
crate as tactical units with the fleet.
offensively and defensively. For this
purpose their displacement should be
about 1000 tons, surface speed at least
twenty-one knots and sea radius about
10000 miles.
There are no fleet submarines in
commission in our navy. The three
I-boats are useless for this purpose.
They are unreliable and they are not
equipped with large torpedoes.
There are three V-boats Of 900 to,s
displacement now under construction
which are expected to give satisfaction
as fleet submarines when completed
two or thres years hence. Six more of
this valuable type have been appro-
priated for, but, amazing to relate. the
Navy Department proposes = stop the
construction OF these vitally important
boats in order to save money for
aviation-"robbing Peter to Day PAUL.,
Mine Layers
The minc-laying submarine will he
OF great use In future naval wars. II
should have sea range Of at least
$4,000 miles in order that it may cross
the ocean, lay its mines off the
enemy's coast and return to base for
more ammunition. The Germans sent
a mine layer to our coast In 1918. The
United States steamship San Diego
was sunk and the United States steam-
ship Minnesota was badly damaged bv
mines from this boat. A large force
OF such boats would have seriously
menaced our navy. our shipping and
our transports bearing thousands Of
helpless men.
There are no mine-layers In our cub
marine forre. and no completed design
for such q boat!
Reviewing the situation, we find that
the United States navy is lacking in
three Of the four types of submarines
that are necessary to the effective con-
duct OF modern war. And these three
types are the ones needed for offensive
overseas warfare! Without these we
cannot take tho offensive. With the one
-
New-York tribune., 1921-03-29
1t Might Be Worse

fFron The Phlodelphia Epsnina Pubic
Ledosrj
One bit Of comfort we may extract
from existing conditions: Though times
are admittedly hard, there is nothing SO
bad here thar you can't fnd something
worse IN any country In Europe.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1921-08-25
BOARD OF HEALTH FIGHTING
TYPHOID IN WAYNE
COUNTY

Louisville, Ky, Aug. 2O.-Dr. c. b.
Robert. Director Of the State Board
of Health's Bureau Of Trachoma, who
has been holding clinics and making
sanitary surveys in several counties
in the south and southeastern part Of
Kentucky, has been detailed by DR.. A.
T. Mccormack, State Health Officer,
to stay in Wayne county for the
present and To assist DIR. J. F. Young,
County Health Officer, In fighting an
epidemic Of typhoid fever that has
broken out there, il was announced
here today.
The epidemic is due. Doctor Nc
Cormack said, to the protracted
drought, which has diminished the
quantity Of water available in the
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1921-08-25
FAITH N CAR Is JUSTIFIED
L. : Official Crosses Continent in
SiN-Ncar old Car Which Had
Already Travelled Over
100000 Miles

Ills chr was six wears old and had
rolled mn 1902 600 miles Of travel. but
that did no, deter the city attorney
II Ucruosa Roach. Calf. wn,n he
had ,rcasior to make "a trip Ia Wash
rppt,r. u C.. NOT long ago.
"r,'s 3oOo miles. he said. and
mint e the way is ROUGH going. but
I'M driy, IL. lust the same"
Tho gentleman referred 10 way
non, other thar George x Wirkham,
vb, ion nalfpt, ,be trim Ia VA hing
ton yss rcspopdi9p to the call II
IN, r,verrp,,rt for The senate had
inst confirmed a.. appuirtmcnt as
assistant y Commf. .iorcr az lands.
with b,adouarf,rs n, the national
,ari,oI
a Mr. Wrrlham drove up ,o Inc
sal.sroop,s of N, AIh,rt-ou Motor
&, D,Jr. Rr.tb.rs dealer. ir los
Angeles IN sav r,,Jby." saws the Los
Angeles Expr..s in II. account # his
d.par,urc. his .arry nolge Broth rs
car. built in 1915. bcIcd is age.
Tn. original finish va. stiIl tberc. a
Iittl. scratched. but sun there"
Il understand that tho field service
d,p,rtp,.pt ~ tho general land office
bas standardized ON Dodge Brothers
cars. so will be- right in STYLE when
arrive Ia take up my new duties
said Mr.. Wickbam. and aftcr me
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1921-08-25

or the wrcstlerS they felt fear ~
broken bones Each had torn rent
in the coat of the other. II they Kept
on there was danger that both would
be- stripped The children had begun
to cry Sarah begged the struggling
men 10 stop and they obcyed her.
"lf any Of you fellers think thatS
fun you can have my place said Ale.
samson. declare you elected the
strongest man In this county. You've
got the muscle Of a grizzly bear. I'm
glad to be- quit o. yc.'
1T amt fair election, Abe sam
son laughed III You were rasslin-
for the right You could Hop me. This
little brush was nothing. Your heart
wasn't in il, and by thunder. Abe
when it comes 60 haviu fun | rather
guess we'd both do better To let each
other alone"
"Tuiu't exactly good amusement
not for u. Abe agreed.
II was growing dark. Ann Rutled-r
arrived on her pony, and called Abe
aside and told him that the raiders
were in the village and were hreakng
the windows of RadfordS store Toe
cause he had refused 20 sell them liquor.
Don't say anything about it, Abe
cautioned her. Just go into the house
with Sarah Traylor and sit down and
have good visit Wen look after
the raiders"
Then Abe told Samson what was
up. The men concealed themselves In
some bushes by the roadside while the
minister sat close against AN end of
the house with his bloodhound beside
him. Before they were settled In
their places they heard the regulators
coming. There we're eight men In the
party according To- Abe's count a.
they passed The men, In conceal
ment, hurried 10 the cabin and sur
rounded il, cruuched against the
walls In moment they could see a
big spot. blacker than the darkness,
moving toward them. II was the
massrd raiders. They came on with
the stealth of a eat nearing its prey.
A lionIike roar broke the silence The
preachers bloodhound leaped forward.
The waiting men sprang TO their feet
and charged. The raiders turned and
ran. pell nell. in n panic toward their
horses. suddenly the darkness seemed
To MI with moving figures One Of
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1921-08-25
WHAT 10 YOU KNOW?

Thomas Edison set the pace when,
sometime ago, he threw out long
line of questions to expose the ignor.
ance q. college students. Hudson
Maxim followed by propounding an
other set so unreasonable that many
Of his own answers have been proven
20 be false
One of our well-known citizens has
vcntured out with the following list
relating to the moon. which he claims
he can answer.
Send your answers to The Citizen.
These simple questions are u test
of your habits Of observation.
Answers will appear next week
/. How long is the period from
one new moon TO another?
,. At what hour is the full moon
on the meridian, ie, at its highest
point?
3. At what time in the year does
the full moon 20 highest, or farthest
north. when on the meridian?
/. How near to the Zenith does il
20, as seen in Bcrca?
>. At what time does the new
moon appear farthcst south?
8. II YOU awake in the night and
see a half moon midway between the
meridian and the western horizon,
about What o'clock is IL?
:. There are two half moons in
the month, n new and an old. II
seen at the meridian, how can you
tell whether il is new or old, CD by
the time, t2) by its form?
:. There are two narrow crescent.
shaped moons ir the month, new
and old. Where and at what hour
would you look for the old one?
Q. If you SHOULD look ont at night
and see what appeared to be new
moon on the meridian, what would
you conclude?
10. II you should look out when
your clock is striking II p. m. and
see a full moon in the west, what
would it mean?