davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
of Nations Anomaly

one exception, are now under the manage
ment of French capitalists.
Encouraged by the French Government
French capital has gone into the Sarre pro-
portionately more than into Lorraine OF
Asace.
In thus encouraging the French capi-
talists the French Government undoubt-
edy was inspired for one thing by desire
to take advantage of the present Sarre
status and deprive Germany in the future
of one of her former great munition manu-
featuring centres. The Germans will tell
you that they were obliged to sell out to
the French because they knew with the
coal and Lorraine ore in French hands the
French for fifteen years had strangle
hold on their business. Also they will tell
you that they, if not the French capitalists.
could foresee exactly what was going to
happen and wanted the French to carry
the bag.
To-day a ton of coal in the Sarre costs
exactly four times what ton of coal costs
in Germany, yet the Sarre is one of the
greatest coal mining regions in Europe.
The miner in the Sarre is paid 20 francs
a day, while the miner in the Ruhr is paid
francs. The Lorraine ore must be bought
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
More Than 100000 Workers
Getting Their Pay in Franc

With the miners, the metal workers and
the public service employees getting wages
in francs there are now 10000 wage earn
ers getting francs. Figuring the average
family one of four persons one-half of the
total Sarre population has been made into
money changers and is now filled with the
wild excitement of watching the mark
rise or fall. Little children gamble on
the streets in exchange. So do the house
wives. The butcher and the grocer and
the department store are paid in marks
and the market basket for the franc class
turns on the days exchange, while for the
marks" 1t remains the same or grows
worse.
With one-half or little more on the mark
basis the storekeepers do not dare to send
their prices up too much beyond the regu-
lar German level. Having bought all their
goods in Germany they can afford to do
this with their present stocks, and with
hordes coming to buy are making fortunes.
For the French across the frontier the city
has become paradise of bargains. The
bargains are better if one can elude the
customs guard and get back to France
without paying duties.
For those who go by railroad this is inn
possible. At Forbach, on the frontier of
Lorraine, long trains every hour coming
from Sarrebruck empty themselves of those
returning with their purchases. The peo-
pie are herded into pens, while the French,
maddened by the empty stores at Metz and
other French towns, often compel the re-
moval of overcoats, shoes and stockings to
see whether they bear Sarre marks. That
is why the Lorrainer with a German over
coat bought at Sarrebruck for $40 which
would have cost him $50 in France, hats
shoes, kitchen utensils and other things
to match. Is tempted TO steal out by night
and by obscure wagon road through the
forests get back to France without paying
duty.
Before the peace makers got TO work and
carved the Sarre mining and industrial
region out OF Germany and made il into
a League of Nations State without ma
tional status the Sarre was a nice little
economic entity, its industries linked up to
its coal fields and its economic life closely
associated with that OF Lorraine and the
Westphalian industrial area. A replica of
the Pittsburgh district of Pennsylvania, its
steel works we're branches OF the great
German steel works like the Krupps.
What was not sold In Germany was ex-
ported through Antwerp by the Germans
Practically nothing went to France.
AS In Alsace and Lorraine, all this has
changed. If the retail stores have a plague
of buyers the once flourishing industries
Of the territory are suffering from the
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

~ Id masters and real estate are almost
the only assets left to aristocratic
families of Central Europe, and
while both are held at top prices the re-
duced nobility count on relieving their neces-
sites of the present and providing for an
other rainy day-their recent Ill fortune has
made them pessimistic-they are canvassing
every opportunity TO sell the pictures which
have hung in their galleries for two cen-N
turtles or longer.
This does not mean that the salesrooms
are to be flooded with celebrated pictures;
Count This or That or Nine So and So may
not be good business persons, but they are
wise enough TO know that this course would
be suicidal. No; they consent after due i'm
and part with them for fabulous prices and
before doing this much they like to be as
sured that there is big buyer ready to
make the turnover
Thus it happens that a few great pic
lures never exhibited except to intimate
friends have reached museums and private
galleries. where they will be no longer Sc
cluded, and this may be counted among the
few beneficial things wrought by the war.
The existence of such pictures has always
been known TO art connoisseurs and to
others who take delight in poring over cata-
logues. They have all been listed and their
merits discussed in a kind of guesswork
way, for not in all instances have the cata-
logue makers or the connoisseurs actually
seen the pictures.
In Russia i'm the Davdoff. Oxhotchinsky
Strogonoff and Youssoupoff palaces II Is
known that there are fine examples of REM
brandt--as fine, 1t is reported as the best
that are familiar of this dependable artist
in the great public galleries. OtheN artists,
especially of the later italian school. and
some of the earlier masters like Botticelli,
are hanging in these silent and deserted
palaces while their owners are starving In
the European capitals, where they were for
tunate enough to fee after the revolution
1t must be maddening for Russian of
the dead and gone regime TO know that II
he could but get one of these pictures out
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

denounced as secretly 'abetting the French
Governments introduction of the franc.
The. commission put the railroad budget
in francs, but has kept the general budget
of the territory in marks In September
the commission sought to do the same
thing with respect to taxes. This would
have probably meant the complete suprem
acy of the franc But trifle more than
half of the town protested. The commits
sion laid it all naturally on the instability
of the mark. The people Of these towns
said they were Germans and the mark was
their money and ruin would follow. The
commission desisted then, and there the
matter stands.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
People Loyal to Germany
See Only Temporary Detachment

BY and large the people seem to be thor
oughly German and to consider themselves
only temporarily detached from that coun-
try.
But if the people themselves seem to be
more or less resistant up to date to the
French the same cannot be said of the
German capitalists. They have sold to the
French 60 per cent. of their holdings al,
most throughout the whole steel and iron
industry The biggest works. with only
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

choice of going back to Germany, of join
ing France or continuing their present
peculiar status under the league. To-day
the French would seem to have about one
chance out of ninety-nine of turning these
people politically into French citizens.
Even the workingmen will tell you that
getting paid in francs does not make them
Frenchmen. The real Sarreoise business
man or laborer will insist that he is Ger
man and. must remain so. Also on the
present results of the league experiment
he does not want to be an internationalist
forever
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Last August France
Decided to Pay in Francs

The trouble began in August year ago.
This was when the French Government
to whom the mines had been turned over
by the treaty and whose administration is
entirely outside of the governing commits
sion, decided to pay the 10000 coal miners
in francs. Some say the motive was en-
iirely political; that II was intended as
subtle piece of propaganda aimed at max
ing the territory French by the time the
1lebiscite is taken twelve years hence. The
French authorities say that IL was prompted
chiefly by bookkeeping reasons; that the
Sarre coal was being sold in francs and
hence wages should be paid in francs. For
in creating this curious territory under the
league without giving IL nationality like
Luxembourg, for example. the peacemakers
had kept the German currency system but
at the same time had not expressly inter
dicted the introduction of the frame It
was not so bad when IL started, but as the
franc rose and the mark declined the situ
alton gradually became worse. In January
the 10000 workers In the metal industries
unable TO endure the sight OF their franc
earning compatriots. struck and secured
the franc. In May the railroads and post
office workers did the same thing.
Then the Sarre Commission, having
agreed to pay wages in francs, decided to
require that all railroad charges should
he paid in francs by the mark earning ele-
ment. This caused the commission TO he
The New York herald., 1921-12-25

With Legal Tender Has Produced
o. an n Unable
Handle Ill Feeling Results From
Double WageS Situation Is aLeaguo Of aions
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
Crowding Into the Towns
To Change Francs Into


The Sarre itself has population of over
100000 people and Sarrebruck 100000.
With these the thousands daily coming
from France to change their francs into
marks the stores are unable to cater to
the crowds.
The people from France are coming by
train and wagon road. Some even creep
through trails in the forest along the from
tiers hoping to get in and out again with
the goods they buy without paying the Gus
toms. BY 8 o'clock the sidewalks are i'm
passable, while in the banks men and wom-
en- fight to get at the counters, where per-
spring clerks are trying to hand out
bushel baskets of marks in return for
francs. They are nice, new, crisp marks,
fresh from the German printing presses,
while the francs are dirty beyond descrip-
tion. Carrying their armloads of marks
the people rush from the banks to the
stores to buy the goods at the present Ger
man prices before the storekeepers have
chance to mark them up to fit any new
drop in the mark.
Overwhelmed by the crowds frequently
the larger stores have had to close at
o'clock in the afternoon, while the sales
girls are carried out half fainting from
exhaustion. 1t is there where the pathos
comes in. For these girls earn between 30j
and 40 marks day, less than 20 cents,
while they wait on friends and neighbors
fortunate to be working for the Mines the
metal industries or the public service on
the French basis.
On the German basis a stenographer in
business office gets 1900 marks month.
Across the street her girl friend in the
mining administration of the French Gov
ernment gets francs In her pay envelope
for the same kind Of work, which she
changes into, say 5000 marks for the
month. This is why many old friends do
not speak In Sarrebruck and why one class
meets to- denounce the invasion of the
franc while the other class meets to de-
nounce those who denounce their franc
wages.
Recently a monster petition was circu-
lated and carried to Geneva by many Of
the business men, declaring that If this con-
dition continued the territory was heading
straight into economic ruin. In support Of
them the mark earners held a mass meet
ing three weeks ago attended, according to
the German papers. by 10000 people. Inn
mediately afterward 10000 francs" got to-
gether and protested at what the marks"
were trying to do to ruin their prosperity
Meanwhile the Sarre Commission govern
ing this strange territory in the name of
the league confesses itself helpless because
Of the treaty.
The New York herald., 1921-12-25
BATTLE OF FRANCS AND MARKS UPSETS TIL
By LAURENCE HILLS

special Correspondence to The New YORK
HERALD
Copyri1Et, 1921 by THE NEW York HERALD.
New York Herald Bureau
Paris. Dec. 10 J
w TITH the peace treaty less than
w three years old Sarrebruck and
surrounding territory of the
Sarre is to-day in plight that cannot be
duplicated probably elsewhere in the world.
1t is suffering from plague of money and
a pest of purchasers.
Under a clause in the Sarre chapter of
the treaty, whose consequences were
among the many unforeseen at Paris the
franc, under the impulse of the French
Government, has invaded the Sarre and is
battling with the mark. The Sarre has
thus two legal curreqcies, whose disparity
daily grows worse two standards of wages
and two classes among its inhabitants
the mark earners and the francs-arrayed
against each other. The result is an eco
nomic confusion without precedent, and
Il social disease that the League of Nations
will have hard time in curing unless
radical steps are taken.
The most curious manifestation Of this
economic distortion is seen in the horde Of
purchasers which have been pouring into
the city since the mark began rapidly to
fall. Perhaps half Of them come from Lor-
raine, thirty minutes train ride away and
which, like the Sarre, was once part of the
German Empire and economic system. The
other half of the multitude which Is daily
battling to get into the stores and banks
until life is made miserable for the clerks
is that part of the Sarre population which
is being paid in francs. 1t is the latter
element which makes the situation in the
Sarre far different from that of the other
German towns contiguous to France since
the mark fell and buyers from France
poured in.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14

II never wanted to marry the pest.
said Peggy, her eyes sparkling ike
the the kind of champagne she used to
drink in Paris dance halls. He kept
fussing around after me. and, try as
would, l couldn't get rid OF him. /
decided the easiest way to get rid OF
him was to marry him. He knew ELL
about my temper before our marriage.
and he knew the treatment he vas
going to get from me. That is ihy
disposition, and 1 can't help it"
GETS LEGAL SUMMONS.
Pretty Peggy is today the possessor
of a nice legal-looking summons and
complaint in the suit of her third hug
ba nd for annulment of their marriage.
The documents were served on her At
her apartment, 423 Park avenue, and
enabled her to read in detail all of
the complimentary things Hubby
James has to say about her, including
the names of the numerous corespon-
dents on both sides of the Atlantic,
who are alleged to have claimed her
as their International sweetie."
Peggy discussed the status of Henri
Letellier. former owner of lie Journal
of Paris. The latter is appearing In
the husbands papers as corespoa-
dent. according to advices from Chi.
cago. where joyce is now said to oc
putting up at an exclusive club. In
this connection she declared:
You know that Letellier is the
richest man in Franco. He is an
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
D. c. RUM CAMPAIGN
GETS NEW IMPETUS
Oyster and U. S. Dry Enforcers
Talk Means to Stamp Out
BootIegging.

Within a few weeks determined
effort will be made to rid Washington
of Illicit whiskey traders.
This plan was forecast today fol-
lowing a conference between Thomas
f.. Stone. supervising Federal prohi-
bition director of the Maryland-Chio
district, and Commissioner James F.
oyster. Before the campaign is start
co. il is believed that there will be
several changes in the police force.
Another feature OF the bootleg cam
paign will be the detailing of a spe-
cial assistant district attorney to look
after the prohibition cases in Wash
ington. The promise of a special law
officer in the District Attorneys of.
fee was made several days ago by
Attorney General Daugherty.
There are now several hundred pro-
hibition cases on the District Supreme
Courts docket and it is pointed out
they can be expedited by employment
Of a special prosecutor.
Mr.. Stone discussed prohibition with
Commissioner Oyster for half an hour
this morning and left to obtain data
and statistics which the Commi ssio oner
requested. The conference will be
resumed as soon as the data is com
piled.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
FOIL PLOT TO SAVE
4 DOOMED GUNMEN
Chicago Jail Guard Increased
As Nitro Is Found Hidden
In Death Cell.

CHICAGO. April 14.--Armed guards
are patrolling the streets in the vicin-
itp OF the Cook county Jail today as
the result of the discovery OF plot
to bomb the Jail with nitroglycerin.
Special watch is being kept within
the Jail, where four men were placed
in death cells today to await execu-
tion tomorrow morning.
Warned that an attempt would be
made to release one of the men await
ing hanging, Jail officials searched
the cells in "murderers' row." where
the condemned men were confined, and
found a quantity of nitroglycerin. Pre-
cautions were taken Immediately to
prevent any attempt at Jail delivery.
Sam Cardinella, alleged leader OF a
gang OF bandits, Is to be hanged for
the murder of Thomas Bowman. q
grocer. Police believe that the frus-
trated plot was conceived in the hope
of affecting his release. Cardinella's
friends, II is declared, have boasted
that he never would be hanged.
others to be hanged tomorrow are
Sam Ferrara, Antonio Lopez. and Joe
of effecting his release. Csrdinella's
will be hanged at 0 o'clock and Lopez
and Costanza a half hour later.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
WIRE TO OREGON seen
ASPARIS RECOGNITION

MEXICO CITY, April 14.-An auto
graph message from President Mil
lerand of France to President Obre-
gon, handed to the latter by the
French charge, was hailed by the
Mexican press today as virtually
amounting to official recognition by
France of the Obregon government.
The message reads:
with lively interest I have re-
ceived your letter notifying me OF
your election TO the Presidency of Mex
leo and of your assuming that high
office. l hasten to send you the most
sincere congratulations, and / receive
with pleasure the assurance which
you give OF your desire to make closer
and stronger the ties of friendship
that unite France with Mexico. You
have my best wishes for the realiza-
ton of such a happy result"
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
Wife DENIES SHE
KICKED HUBBY OUT
WinkIeman Deserted Her. She
Charges-Asks Custody
of Children.

Mrs. Katie May Winkleman. an en-
ploye OF the Bureau OF Engraving
and Printing, who was sued for an
absolute divorce by Charles II. Win
kleman, who claimed to have been
Kicked" out OF his home when his
brother. Edward F. Winkleman, came
there to live, denied her husbands 3
charges today in her answer and
cross-bill filed in the District Su-
preme Court.
The wife. through Attorney Walter
c. English, asks the court to grant
her a limited divorce on the grounds
OF alleged cruelty, drunkenness and
insufficient support.
With regard to the claim of Wrinkle
man that he was "kicked" out, his
wife explains this incident by stating
that he deserted her and their chill
dref at a time when their home was
about to be sold over their heads. Al
that time. Mrs. WinkIeman claims
she was paying the rent out OF her
earnings. The brother, Edward. she
declares. came to live at the house
at the solicitation of her husband. and
he has never been any more than a
roomer.
In order to prevent her being home.
less. the wife AYERS, Edward Wrinkle
man bought the house, and she con
tined TO pay the rent, amounting &c
S22 so a month, in cash and renting 8
backroom on the second floor to her
br rother-in-law in lieu of the balance
Shortly after they were married
the wife declarsA her husband be.
came addicted to the use of intoXi.
eating liquor and drank heavily un
iii their last separation in January
o. this year.
The husband is accused of using
bad language toward her in public
and at times seriously endangerins
her health by striking and kicking
her.
p The wife asks permanent alimony
counsel fees and the custody of theil
minor children.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14

editor and has owned one of the most
successful OF the French papers. He
followed me all over Europe, but my
husband had no reason to be jealous
OF him.
my husband knew when he mar
ried me that / had many friends. But
IL he goes to trial with any contem-
plated suit tended to sever our marital
ties there will be some developments
that will make the evidence in re-
cent trials rather mild"
HOME NEXT TO BRYAN.
1t is known that Mrs. Joyce did not
occupy her palatial home on Biscayre
bay, Florida, which was given her as
wedding present by her husband.
The house, which adjoins that OF
William Jennings Bryan, changed
ownership this winter.
The efforts of her husband to re-
sumo possession of personal property
belonging to Mrs. Joyce were de-
scribed by her as follows:
when / returned from Europe last
winter L discovered that a storage
place where I had my $50,000 worth
OF furs had been visited and the furs
were removed.
For months ds<ectives have been
following me wherever 1 went.
my husband has done everything
to annoy me since i returned from
abroad, but there will be strenuous
fight"
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
ARMY OF l75,O0O ASKED
BY SECRETARY WEEKS

Secretary of War Weeks appeared
before the House Appropriations
Committee today to urge early action
on the army appropriations bill which
failed of passage in the last Congress.
Secretary weeks favors a standing
regular army of 175,000 men. In the
last Congress majority of the
House favored n Limitation OF 150, 900
as the army's strength.
Weeks Is understood to have pre-
sented to the House committee today
his reasons for advocating the larger
number.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
STARTS POLICE FORCE SHAkE-UP
CAN YOU BEAT IT!

LONDON, April 1.-THE strik-
ing coal miners have hit upon
an ingenious plan to turn one
Of the chief weapons of the
government into an instrument
for their own defense.
They are enlisting by the
thousands in the citizens emer-
gency force called for by King
George.
Thus, they not only get them
selves into a strategic position
to influence the minds of those
who, side by side with them.
may be called upon to combat
the strike, but they draw gov
ernment pay and rations. which
exceed all strike benefits.
The rail men and transport
workers are expected to follow
the same tactics.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
FARM MACHINERY
PRICES CUT Top. c.
International Harvester Co. An.
nounces Reductions on I'M
pIements Made of Steel.

CHICAGO. April IA 10 per cent
reduction in the price of all its prod
ucts in which steel is the principal
material, was announced by the In
ternational Harvester Company today,
effective Immediately.
All machinery composed principally
of wood and iron was reduced in
price from 10 to IS per cent on
March by the company, so that the
present reductions mark a decline av-
eraging more than 10 per cent down
the line of farm implements.
The reduction, the announcement
says. is the result of lower steel
prices recently announced.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
BAN INITIALS T. R." ON
CANADA HIGHWAY POSTS

TORONTO, April 14-Permission to
paint ct. r." on poles along the pro-
vincial highway. proposed link in the
Theodore Roosevelt highway from
Portland. Me, to Portland. Ore, has
been refused by +. c. Biggs, Ontario
minister of public works.
The Canadian division of the Theo-
dore Roosevelt Highway Association
will repeat the request, however, it
was announced today.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
Il KILLED HIM." SAYS
MURDER TRIAL WITNESS

LAwTON. Okla. April 14.-"I shot
Russell Sprague in the head and
rolled him into the river" said WI
liam TAFT, as he testified in beha Z
of Cleo Cohen, on trial for the mr. r
der.
TAFT furnished the most dramatic
moment in the trial when. without
emotion, he told how he killed Rus
sell Spraguc and rolled his body into
the bed OF Armstrong creek.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
PRESIDENT TAKES UP
CHOICE OF DRY CHIEF

President Harding will settle the
question of the appointment OF a new
Commissioner of Internal Revenue
late today at a conference witi Secre-
tary of the Treasury Mellon.
The President to-day conferred with
Senators Mccormick and Mckinley
OF Illinois, who are backing Edward
Clifford for this pest, and Senator
Elkins OF West Virginia, who is sup
porting Joseph McDermott.
The Washington times., 1921-04-14
TREASURY WILL OFFER
40 MILLION IN BONDS

Secretary OF the Treasury Mellon
announced today that within few
days the Treasury Department will
formally announce an onering OF
farm loan bonds TO the extent OF
about SIC. 900. coo. bearing ) per cent
interest at par.