davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
TARIFF BARONS
GET THEIRS
Ry the Associated Press

6y
Washington. Dec. 22.-An addi-
tional annual tax Of three billion
dollars Will be imposed on the
american public under the Fordney
tariff bill. President Miles Of the
Fair Tariff League, said in a state
ment issued today.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
Old MYtrS IiOuSe HErnCu.

The jwo s,ory dwelling house on
the old Myers place 1T Providence
Springs, about Two miles from Dai-
Zcu. WAS burned at about noon
Wednesday. The house was the
property OF I; colored man, William
IUhaolaC
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
JOB FOR COLLEGE
PROFESSOR
Rv the Associated Press.

Washington, Dec. 22.-It is un-
dcrstood that Eugene y. Gilmore,
a University Of Wisconsin law pro-
fessor, will be appointed vice gov
crnor Of the Philippines.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
ALCOHOL FOR THE SICK
ey the Associated Press.

Washington, Dec 22.-Efforts TO
speed up the distribution of alco-
hol for the sick are being made by
prohibition authorities. treasury Of
iicialS said. Protests have been re-
ccivcd from all parts Of the couil-
try
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
GEORGIA NEGRO
SHOT TO DEATH
Ry the Associated Press.

Quitman. Ga. Dec, 22-Thc
body OF Lee Robinson. a negro. was
found today near deserted cabin
riddlcd with bullets He had
trouble with ! white man.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
TWO STEPS
TOWARD
RUIN
Public Work For IN
employed Three
Billion Tariff Tax
For Big Rich
BY the Associated Press.

Washington, Dec. 22.-The sem
ate labor committee has favorably
reported the Kenyon bill providing
for planning public works to offset
unemployment.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

The Community Christmas Tree
and choral singing to be held in the
park Monday evening. at $40
O'Clock is planned for the enter
tainment Of all the. people Of the
city The Christmas tree viii be
thel argest and most beautiful ever
raised in Sumter, and the chorus
that will lead the carol singing
will be the largest ever organized
here. Every white person in Sum
ter is expected to join in this cele-
bration of the Christmas season.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

O'DonneH Dry Goods Co., four
ladies' suits. =,
Schwartz Bros. $50 in merehan-
disc.
Sumter Produce Company, one
crate oranges.
T. B. Kennedy, y loads of wood
and 90 pecks of meal.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

No doubt Gene wonders at times
if debu;anees are called Debs be-
cause they are coming out.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

After considerable shopping,
Mother has at last selected a dozen
linen napkins to give Dad for
Christmas.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

After Morse serves another term
or two, perhaps they'll give him the
key TO the Treasury.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
LOCAL NEWS

The man or woman, boy or girl,
who does rot start Christmas
savings fund Will regret it next
Christmas. Those who never save
never have anything.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

international differences call for
rather than rhetoric.
= Norfolk Virginian Pilot.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

There have been a few cases Of
hog cholera reported in the coun-
ty recently and County Agent j.
Frank Williams has been called on
to treat a number Of herds with
serum. So
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
Narriase License Record.

A marriage license has been is-
sued TO Mr.. J. Mitchell Edens ana
Miss f. Rosa Lee Rembeft' poti
Of DalZell. S. G.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
Card From Mr.. Dabbs.

wish TO thank my friends eV-
clNW here in the county lol. the fina
vote Givcn me in the recent clcc-
tion.
r.. ". pAAHS. JR
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

Several merchants have taken
out insurance against rain or snow
as an indemnity against loss on
their holiday trade. The insurance
was written by the Walsh lnsur-
ance Agency.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

The college boys and girls wl1e
are at home for the holidays are
care-free, full Of life and have the
real Christmas spirit.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
France and Italy
Accept Plan
All Great Powers Are Now
Agreed on Naval Limi-
tation
Rx the Associated Press

Washington. Dec. -. statements
in behalf Of France and Italy ac-
ceptins formally the American
proposals for the limitation Of cap
i,al ships armament We're made at
the conference today
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
The Watehnan and Sesthren

Entered at the PostofHcc at Sum-
ter, S. C., as Second Class Matter.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24

Two can give cheaper than one.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
NEW ORLEANS COTTON.
LIVERPOOL COTTON.
COTTON Letter.

Tone steady Alddlins 1892; Good Mi'
ding I1G1. Sales 5000.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
Laws for auto light DINNERS
ought to apply to Chr;e' mas ties.
Teachers in a Texas town may
strike. but the Kids fear they won't.

Opportunity doesn't knocl
around with other knockers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-24
PERSONAL.

Miss Eva Sires left last night for
Charleston attend marriage of a.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Religious Troubles
ReUiUe in Chile

Especial Gable to The washinrton Herald
and Chicago Tubune.)
SANTIAGO. Chile. June 1.-Presi-
dent Alessandri's efforts to separate
the church and state renews a fight
as old as the republic of Chile itself
between the conservatives, who to-
day are more than ever firmly
welded to the church. and the radi-
calls. whose struggles to separate the
church from the state have been held
in abeysnce for 30 years since the
Balmaceda revolution in 1891 gave
the conservatives the upper hand.
The conflict centers over the mar
riage ceremony. The church has al
ways refused to recognize the law
requiring marriage by the civil au-
thorities. The radicals are prepar-
ing to push legislation, declaring re-
ligious marriages illegal unless they
are followed by a civil ceremony.
The arch bishop here declares the
Catholic church in Chile will never
accept such a law, although Il has
accepted similar provisions in other
South American nations. where a re-
ligious ceremony is forbidden until
after there has been a civil mar
risge.
(Copyrifht ls1lO
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Transportation Waste

I IINDSIGHT is proverbialy clearer than fore
i i sight and it is always easier to get into a
muss, than out of one, 1t is generally admitted,
now, than when the government took the op-
Grafton of the railroads. colossal mistake was
made. Even then many believed it would be wiser
to give the railroad arrangements the needed au-
thority to meet the emergency and hold them to
responsibility.
The governments authority unlimited and
no matter who, what has this power, without
restraining influence, the result is most apt to be
disastrous The present condition of thk railroads
is not of their own making. Even their rates are
not of their own making, their operating
costs They can, therefore, claim absolution from
responsibility they had little voice in the
law which restored to them their properties
So it is that they in blind alley Their
rates high shippers cannot them. With
less rates. they cannot pay their operating costs.
In recent speech in congress, Senator Capper
gave instance after instance where the carrying
charges were more than the. price received for
carload lots of farm products. Are the railroads
to blame? Men will sell any kind of perishable
goods for any price, but they will not ship them at
loss to themselves.
The result is Senator Cspper gave evidence,
that vast quantities Of farm products which would
load many hundreds Of cars, probably thousands,
distant from market, with a surplus over the
near zone demand can afford to ship. This, of it
self, reduces price while it makes price manipua-
ton much easier. The farmer gets less the con-
sumner may pay more
Possibly there is direct legislative remedy.
But this condition which affects the whole Mis-
sssippi valley the bulk of the country in territory,
and its great food producing area, should turn the
minds of congress to other and cheaper methods
Of transportation. This enormous section should
not be left solely dependent upon railroads. This
region has the Mississippi, the Ohio and Missouri
rivers, which among the worlds greatest natural
waterways, while it also has the Great Lakes reach
ing to its very center.
Is IT not time congress adopted definite pro-
gram to make these available? Water transporta-
ton hardly counts distance. The comparative in
vestment Of water carriers, is small The rates
correspondingly small A car of wheat is around
600 bushels. A ship the Great Lakes will carry
many trainloads as single cargo at a higher
age speed. Even barge will carry several hundred
tons. The center of national population is in
the valley far toward its center and its people
crying: How long must waltz
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Gift of Surplus Ships to Coast
Cities as Means to Promote Trade
Suggested Shipping Board Policy

ping board owns a great many
more ships than IL can use. II
owns more ships than II can. under
present conditions, sell at almost
any price. In fact. many ships
whIch were sold a year or two ago
on the installmsnt plan are now
falling back on the shipping boards
hands. II IL proposed that this
surplus Of ships shall be put at the
disposal OF sescoast cities. which.
as a matter of local pride and self
interest, want TO develop the inn
portance of their ports. The suE.
gestion is, in short, that the ship
ping board should give these ships
to the ports.
Would Give ships Outright.
In working the plan out the
organizations of a city would b.
TO donate ships outright IL the
chamber Of commerce will organize
an operating company with local
capital. BY this plan the govern
ment would provide the ships and
the local communities would take
all the responsibilities Of operation.
II ~Ouio Oc nara 10 imagine falrer
proposal to any city which is am
bilious TO build up its shipping and
to sell its local products in foreign
markets. II is surely a better plan
than for the federal government 20
assume all the awkwardness and
the inherent waste involved in the
present point of view.
Marketing Main Purpose.
II can be taken for granted that
so far al is possible under the con-
troll of a law and a congress which
is sectional in its point of view the
policy Of the new shipping board
will be national. The conception
which has Influenced President
Harding has not been a shipping
board which shall merely manage
ships. His conception has been a
board which shall have as it's
fundamental duty the marketing of
Americas surplus abroad In the
most effective and economic way.
II is a merchandising organization
on a national scale. rather than
merely a transportation organiza-
tion.
(Copyrirht lsfl.l
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Hats or Chips.

1T is NOT necessary for the United States to
take off its hat and bow every time it meets
Great Britain, though lifting the hat is not de-
basing ceremony and so long as it meets SIM
ultaneous act of its kind, lead, to mutual respect
and good feeling Two men who greet each other
in this way apt to frequently stop speak and
are led to often get together for mutual exchange
OF ideas and friendly intercourse 1t is to be
presumed that Great Britain, as we'll as the United
States, typihes the gentleman
But neither is it necessary for the United States
to adjust chip in prominent position every time
it passes Great Britain and wigge its fingers from
the end of its nose. This may be taken amusing
or offensive, but it is not conducive to good feel
ing, nor to mutual approval: Even the children
OF, maybe, a too popular parent. children in
clned to be restive under parental control and in
clned to go their own way, might resent this atti-
tude behalf of their parent.
The United States can have navy great as
that of Great Britain. We have the money and we
have the right. Whether being independent in food
supplies and having but distant possession, we
need such navy is another question. But Great
Britain has shown objection to our naval equal
ity, and should have none. 1t would not in fact
be a menace to her, would it be considered
unless obtrusively made to appear so, by a one
sided unfrendness
The people of this country, however, not
considering disarmament from this angle. They
regrd it as consummaton of international friend
ship and achieved good understanding. They would
meet all powers with hats hats off, but with
hearts beating together in the rhythm of peace, not
antagonsm. They know that it not alone
here at home the graves of soldier dead
decorated. Our armies and navies only 80 months
ago fought in France, Belgium, Italy and Russia.
They fought side by side. too, with the British
for which certainly not to perpetuate
hostility to each other. On Memorial day. all the
world stood with hats off and heads bowed to the
United States.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02

essentials They should aim to show grasp rather
than minutiae. They should develop thinking. at
least as much memory. Memory. Of ITSELF is the
least valuable of the mental powers In this day
OF complete indexes, it is not necessary to card
index the mind
Examinations directly prevent mental Aexibility.
They promote mental rigidity along a given line.
They define narrow road, along which the mind
must CO. turning neither to right nor left, gaining
nothing from either side. never venturing on by
path stopping to gather flowers or fruits, but
ing only the rdts ahead. They concern only the
one distinct and separate given subject Its rela-
tons to any other subject are ignored. They pro-
mote subjective isolation while education.l being
the power to think and apply in formation, must
train ability in subjective correlation.
Examinations are excusable only under one
condition This is where classes are SO large to
make individual teaching impossible, where teach
ing must largely be in the mass and where teachers
cannot know the progress of the Individual pupils.
This is in effect in Washington and nothing else
so completely damns present conditions in this cy's
schools, which congress permits to persist.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
BY MARK SULLIVAN.

The job that the new shipping
board has is BY far the most dim
cult of our after-war problems. The
frst of many difhcult decisions on
fundamental policy which they must
make is whether this institution
shall be conducted from a national
point of view or from a sectional
point of view.
Many things done by congress
have the tendency to express the
aggregate of various sectional in
terests. They are one variation or
rolling" The shipping board, as
1t has been organized by act of
congress, has this sectional point
OF view. One member must come
from the North Pacific coast, one
from the South Pacific coast, one
from the Gulf coast, one from the
South Atlantic coast, one from the
North Atlantic coast. one from the
Great Lakes. and one from the in
terror.
Aims to Build Up Ports.
= This sectional distribution of per-
sonnel is merely expressive of some
thing deeper. What was wanted
by the interests which came to-
gether in congress to pass the act
was that the ports Of the various
parts OF the country should be ade-
quately cared for. The point of
view was not national. but sec
uonaL 1t was not to achieve the
most dlrect and economical man.
agement. but how best to build up
the ports on all the coasts of the
country.
{. The new shipping board must de-
termine whether they are to fall
IN with this policy or whether they
are to conduct the institution from
purely national point of view. The
method which takes care of all the
ports OF the country is, of course
the most expensive. and is the one
which puts us at the greatest dis
advantage in competition with Other
nations. 1t is recognized that tho
prosperity of the smaller port. of
the country is proper thing TO
hourlsh and stimulate, no, merely
as a concession to local pride and
iocal power in congress, but from
'ne nroadest point of view.
To Dispose Of SurpIu. Ship..
In order to do this, and at the
same time not suffer the awkward
ness and expense involved in such
policy, a suggestion has been
maze to the new shipping board
from such a quarter that il NAV
Wen have weight with them. This
suggestion is that IL local port.
want to build their own shipping
ana want to establish ocean routes
they should be encouraged TO do
so of their own initiative and un-
DER their own direction. Concretely.
the suggestion is this: The ship
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
JEWISH LEADER
ALSO SCIENTIST.

DR.. Chain weizmsnn. who spoke
and was welcomed at the Zionist
mass meeting last night at Poirs.
has won honors in chemistry as
In the movement Of adherents OF the
Jewish faith.
At the University Of Manchester.
IN England. DR.. weIzmann. a Rus
Sian Jew, who has become . nat
urslized British citizen, developed
certain phases OF the use OF TNr
IN shells. and the results OF nj,
work aided the English nghting
forces
Prof Albert Einstein. the rre,t
Jewish physicist who recently Wis
lted washington and attended the
sessions Of the National Ac.6.rv
9i sciences. was to have shar.d
nonors Of yesterday reception, v,,h
Dr. Weizmann. but at the last mo
ineht round IL impossible TO be pres
ent He sailed for LiverpooI :,
tuesday TO attend a scientific 60
ference In England.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Wants All Employees
To Vote in Elections

PHILADELPHIA. Pa, June L.
Gen. w. w. Atterbury, vice-president
in charge of operation Of the Penn
sylvanis railroad, in a telegram to-
day to each OF the four regional
of the system, urged
the Importance OF affording every
employe an opportunity to vote in
the elections now being held 20 de-
termine the employees choice OF rep
resentatives to deal with the man
agement in all matters Affecting
their welfare.
Now that the labor board has
rendered its decision in the wage
cases, the negotiation Of new work
ing conditions becomes of paramount
Importance and the management ia
desirous OF having all employees par.
ticipate in the selection Of represent.
atives with whom the oficers of the
road can confer 10 put these two de-
cisions into elect
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Bride Demands Freedom
NoU that War Is OUer

CHICAGO. June Mrs: Margaret
Lamar Carter enlisted in the service
of matrimony apparently "for dura-
tion of the war" only.
So, shortly after the armistice,
Harold R. Carter, prominent club
man.: then with the American army
of occupation in Luxembourg, re-
ceived the following letter:
II would have written you long
ago. but it seemed right to wait un-
til the war was over and you were
safely through that experience. With
the end of the war comes the end
of the contract I entered into so
hastily. l want to be released from
it now. I'll not live with you again
as your wife"
Carter received his divorce today.
His mother testified that the young
bride wanted to follow her. career
and be an opera singer"
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Examinations.

MRS. WINIFRED SToNER is the mother of
lN1 healthy, lively, sport-loving child prodigy,
who at II years of age spoke six languages Mrs
Stoner is but another opponent of examinations
which all progressive educators now rank as Of at
most, secondary importance in guaging the fullness
OF child's cistern of information, and ability TO
work the pump. They are of far less value in
guaging childs ability to think
Any school that still places much stress upon
examinations IS years behind. Any teachers who
use examinations as chief measure in RANKING
their pupils advancement are still in the past Fx
aminations may have value as a memory test. but
even in this, they do harm than good. Will.
as evidence of what child actually knows, of its
real mental quality and advancement, of the powers
OF thought and OF correlating applying information
they are useless. When still used as teaehng
department, they mistake and are ant to be
recourse to lazy teaching.
Review work supplies all the value possible
from examinations in showing if the child can
marshal what is supposed have been learned. can
express it intelgently and clearly, with meaning
and comprehension. Reviews should be frequent
but not detailed. They should not concern the nom
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Building Agents Force
Tribute from Church

CHICAGO, June Churches were
not exempted by crooked business
agents in their demands for tribute
from Chicago builders. A priest of
south side Catholic church was
forced to negotiate with a business
agent before the building could be
completed. according to report to
Attorney Fleming. counsel for the
Daley legislative committee today.
Investigators have been assigned
to find whether the money was actu-
ally paid and what the amount de-
manded was
The Washington herald., 1921-06-02
Admits Funeral Trust'
Threatened His Business

CHICAGO, June William Libal.
president and manager of a large
northside automobile livery concern.
questioned by assistant states at
torneys today. admitted that he had
secured $4,000 worth of bomb proof
insurance for his garage, as well as
police protection for his business, as
a result of threats by agents of the
Chicago Motor Liverymen's associa-
tion. the brains of the alleged
funeral trust"
Libal said that within the last
year he had been fined about ten
times for a total of more than $500
for furnishing service to undertakers
not members of the association and
at one time he said he was fined $500
for giving service at lower rate
than prescribed by the trust.