davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1921-07-17
PAYS DEBT
WHILE BRITISH owe
IT, S. Gives England $32,-
688, for War Trans
portation Services.
LATTER'S DEBT BILLIONS
Mr.. Daugherty Rules This Country
Cannot Withhold Payment
Under Old Act.
DEBT BILLIONS

Despite Great !B,dtain's debt of
$500. .oo0. 900 to this country. pay
ment Of $32.6ss. .352 has been made by
the American government to the
British ministry of shipping In set
tlement of a claim against the War
Department. Treasury officials said
yesterday. The payment was made.
officials added. pursuant to an opin-
ion by Attorney General Daugherty-
The British claim was for trans
portation services arising out OF the
war with Germany and the payment.
1t was explained. constitutes a final
settlement between the War Depart
ment and the British ministry of
shipping Of all claims Of either party
against the other for transportation
services
Mr.. Dnusherty's Opinion.
Secretary Mellon asked Mr.. Daugh-
erty for a ruling as to whether the
act of March 3. 1875. which requires
the Secretary to withhold payment Of
any Judgment against the United
states where the claimant is indebt-
ed to this country in any manner,
applied to such a claim.
Mr.. Daugherty held the act did not
amply, as it was not the practice of
sovereign nations to prosecute their
claims against one another in the
courts and obtain judgment. but ad-
lust such matters through diplomatic
channels.
IF it should be construed to apply
to a case such as is now presented.
the Attorney General said. theE
whenever a claim is allowed by the
United States in favor Of foreign
nation it will be the duty Of the Sac
retary of the Treasury in making
payment to withhold the amount OF
any claim which the United states
NAV have against such nation. AS is
we'll xnown, this government exer-
cises a broad discretion in determin-
ing what claims it Will present
against other nations, and the opera-
tions of the statute in such matters
would seriously interfere with the
government in the conduct OF its ior-
eign relations"
The British transportation claim IL
was explained, was for what was re-
sarded during the war as currHnt
expenees. Among the allies, 1t was
said, there was a general UNDER
standing that all current expenses
would be paid one another without
awaiting the: settlement Of interna-
tional debts.
In conclusion with the claim Mr.
Mellon also inquired whether w.
e75,711 should be withheld. pending
adjustment of a claim OF the snip
ping Board against the ministry az
shipping for shipments of oil. The
Attorney General suggested that such
a step might be suggested to Great
Britain through the usual diplomatic
channels, but the Treasury decided
officials said, that the amopnt OF the
Shipping Boards bill was yet ID De
adjusted finally, and that the Brit
ish transportation claim, therefore,
should be paid in full.
Evening star., 1921-07-17
PRINCE OF WALES, BORED BY DUTIES.
ABSOLUTELY FORCED TO TAKE REST
CONTINUED on Page 2, c

Special Dispatch to The Star and New Yori
World. Copyright. 1921
LONDON. July 1S.-Lord Derby's
demand that the Prince of Wales
be given a holiday, even can
ceiling his projected winter tour
in India. is said to be the common
est humanity. Why he has not
broken dowp before this by his
ceaseless round of exacting and
boring public duties is declared
marvellous.
His only relaxation during the
summer has been occasional polo.
vigorous walking exercise and
early morning or. late afternoon
tennis at the Queens Club. All the
rest of his waking hours have
been devoted to public ceremonial
wotk Involving long railroad jour.
Evening star., 1921-07-17
LEV|ATHAN'S FATE
SOON TO Be KNOWN
Ship Board to Sell, Salvage
or Recondition Giant Liner
and Save $45, 900 Month.
By the Associated Press.

By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. July 16.-The giant
liner Leviathan. which has been idle
at her pier in Hoboken for two years.
costing the taxpayers $4,000 month
ditioned, salvaged or sold within the
next month. This was announced to-
day by Chairman Lasker of the Ship
ping Board after he had spent several
hours inspecting the former German
liner vaterland, which was seized dur
American troopship.
If it is decided to refit the $4,000
ton steamer and put her on the seas
again as first class passenger liner,
the cost probably would be $4,000, 900.
experts told Mr.. Lasker. She would
Be converted into an oil burner and
made ready for service by February
1923. The cost of building and ref1t.
ting ship of the same size todav
would be in the neighborhood of $780,
100000. 1t was estimated.
Steamer in Good Condition.
Mr.. Lasker, who was accompa niei ~,
his trip of inspection by a number of
shipping Board and steamship off,
'cials. said the steamer was in good
condition and moored in deep water.
The machinery was in perfect order
and If necessary. she could put to sea
in twenty-four hours.
Mr.. Lasker said the expense Of more
than half million dollars a year for
a crew Of 100 and upkeep was neces-
sary to keep the liner in good condi-
tion. 1t costs 100000 annually for
fffty-seven fire guards to patrol the
ship every hour Of the day and night.
Sixty draughtsmen are employed max
ing plans for refitting In order that
time may be saved If it is decided to
recondition the steamer
P. A. s. Franklin, president Of the
International Merchant Marine, who
was a member OF. the inspecting party,
said his corporation had an agreement
with the Shipping Board to operate
the Leviathan for five years. If the
government decided upon recondi-
tioning her.
VIII Fly U. 8. Flag.
Asked II - this meant that the
steamer would fly the British flag. Mr..
Franklin said: 1T most emphatically
does not. 1t means she will be under
the American flag and the nucleus of
a fast American mail service"
Mr.. Lasker. when asked II the Ship
ping Board had complete title to
the vessel. said: while we have not
yet settled with Germany for her. !
believe that is Q matter easily over
lcome.. .-4----------
Evening star., 1921-07-17
13,50o CHOLERA CASES.
More Than IL, 900 Reported During
June Alone.

By Cable to The star and Chicago Daily
News. Copyright. 1871.
RIGA, Letvia. July 16.-From in
forma tion Just given out by the COM
missar Of public health 1t appears that
there were 1880 cases Of cholera in
Russia from January 1 to July this
year and more than 1900 In June
alone. The greatest number Of cases
were in the districts of Astrakhan,
Saratov and Samara. There have been
156 cases in Moscow and five in
Petrograd. 1t is difficult to fight the
epidemic on account Of the lack of
medicine. Conditions are critical.
The proportions of the disaster
have become clear in the last few
days and the soviet newspapers are
devoting article after article to
Evening star., 1921-07-17
Qualities japanese
Reply Creates Bad
London. Impression
By Gable to The Star anu New York
World. Copyright. 1o:l.

BY Gable to The Star anu New York
World. Copyris.t. 1o:l.
LONDON, July 11.-While
there II a diplomatic effort 10
gloss over the situation. JIpan's
qualihed reply to President
Harding's Invitation to 81 Pacific
conference, has created "a bad
Impression here. Her attitude
is Interpreted as meaning TINT
she clainas to have "a special
standing in the Pacific that en-
ables her 10 set limits to the
power OF conference to deal
with the Pacific problem uS 81
whole.
The British empire, whose
Pacific and far euxtern in-
tcrests nre vnxter than Japam'<,
accepted President HnriiuS's
invitation without any rexcrNa IL
ftOn. and 1t was expected her
ally would have followed SUIT.
One effect of Japnn's cctiOn II
that Canadn's objections to the
renewal of the AnE;o-Japan-.e
agreement xecmS to have been
justified. even In quarter. where
1t WIS not hitherto fally UNDER
stood.
Evening star., 1921-07-17
100000 STARVING
IN RUSSIAN FAMINE:
CHOLERA SPREADS
Appeal for American Aid
Reported Made Through
Senator France There.
By the Associa ted Press.

- she hsSoclateu freSS.
RIGA. Letvia, July 16.-The Izves-
tia Of Moscow says that an official ap-
peal to all citizens of Russia to aid
in alleviating the suffering caused by
famine signed by all the members
OF the government. places the number
OF starving at not less than 10000, 900
in Astrakhan. Tsaritsyn. Saratov,
Samara. Simbrisk. Ufa and Viatka
governments and along the volga, in
the Tartar Republic and the Chuvash
territory. These. the appeal says.
cannot exist until the next harvest
without aid. The famine is charac-
tcrized as a national calamity.
According to an American relief
expert in Riga. the cost of completely
relieving this number from outside Of
Russia would exceed $4o.ooo.0o0
monthly.
chitcherin.. the Russian soviet for
eign minister denies that q direct ap-
peal has been made for American aid
to alleviate the Widespread famine.
Reports appearing in Baltic states
newspapers were that an appeal had
been made through Senator Joseph
I. France of Maryland, who now is in
Russia.
No Direct Appeal to U. 3.
NJ Chitcherin's message reads:
I'VE have not appealed to America
except through the widespread radio
appeals of Maxim Gorky and the
Most Rev. DR.. Tikhon. patriarch of all
Russia. We have no connection with
the American government and. there
fore, have no intention to appeal to
the Americans for help. having In
mind that we cannot ask for Amer
lean relief representatives when we
have no existing relations
The newspaper reports Of the al
legged appeal to America said the
United States had replied it could
only consider giving help II consu--
tutional government should be estab-
lished in Russia, and the reports men,
toned Nikolai Lenin. the soviet
premier, as favoring this.
mo one has proposed the forming
of a constitutional government In
Russia on the principle of con-
stituent assembly" M. Clitcherin as
serts in his message. This also Is
ridiculous rumor."
"a 400 CHOLERA CASES.
Evening star., 1921-07-17
Thief Makes Easy Haul
From, POLice,cOnlen is
Ewes Are Full of Hair

Miss Adelaide Makens and Miss
Dorothy James. POIicewOmen OF
the women's bureau, metropoIi-
tan police department.. were ON
the renr porch Of their home. nt
1905 21st street, yesterday "t-
ernOon engaged in the woman
Iy art OF shnmpOOfng their hair.
A sneak thief entered the front
door OF their apartment. walked
into the rooms and began rum
maging the bureau drawers.
An occupant of another npart-
ment, Mrs. Mary DuMez. saw the
thief emerge. from the apart
ment and asked him what he
was doing there. He snid he was
hunting for the janitOr, and lett
Immediately for parts unka",vn.
He took with him a ring valued
at S75. the property OF Miss
James, and q belonging to Miss
Makens.
Evening star., 1921-07-17
WOMAN KILLED BY BOLT.
Lightning Strikes by Way OF

Chimney in Spotsylvania. @
Special Dispatch to The Star
Mrs W. F. Hedges. thirty-six years
old. was killed by Tightening at her
home in Spotsylvania last night. Tho
bolt came down the chimney and
knocked her through the door and
down the steps into the yard. Her
husband and SIX young daughters
survive, ! :. -. -. .
Evening star., 1921-07-17
Member of the Associated Press

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication Of all news dispatches
credited to II or not otherwise credited tbis
paper and also the local news published nerein.
All rights Of publication OF special
dispatches herein also reserved.
Evening star., 1921-07-17

Fair today and probably tomorrow;
warmer tomorrow.
Temperature for twenty-five hours
ended at 10 pm. last night: Highest,
SO: lowest, IS.
Full report on page IA. Z
Evening star., 1921-07-17

Continued on Page II. Column II
Evening star., 1921-07-17

Special Dispatch to The Star and New York
World. Copyright 1891
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
EDUCATIONAL.

Spanish School Of Washington
Profs. from fspais 1925 c Ct. n. ssss.
= lSO
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
AUCTION SALES
THos. J. OWEN & SON, Auctioneers

TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE BRICK
dw"lli:g. No. 1905 18th t. NV, Rv yir-
tue of certain deed Of trust recorded. in
liber No. 397s, Eolio 493 ct seq, Of the land
records Of the District OF Columbia, and a
decree Of the Supreme Court Of the said
District In Equity Cause 3sS74 and at the
request OF the party secured thereby, the un-
1ersignei trustees will sell. at public auc-
tion in the office OF Thos.' J. Owen 4 Son, 1891
q ST NV. on TUESDAY, THE 9Th DAY
OF JULY, AID, 1921 AT O'CLOCK, tn.
following described land and premises, sit
nate IN the District Of Columbia, and dcs-
ienated as and being Lot 20 In fitzgerald's =
subdivision Of lots In Square 17e rs per
plat recorded in Liber II. Folio II of the
records CT the Office Of the Surveyor of the
District Of Columbia. Terms of sale: ALI
cash deposit Of 800 required upon ar-
ceptance Of bid and sale to be closed with
In thirty days or deposit forfeited. Convey
ancing. recording and revenue stamps at pur-
chaser's cost. JAM IS j. LAMPTOS, Trus-
tees; CHARLES POE, subs,isnte Trustee.
iu24 4.25.27 q. % .3oiui.2.s.5 Y, 1892
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
STORAGE AND TRANSFER.

Safety Storage & Transfer Co.
SPECIAL RATES FOR HAULING AND
STORAGE.
$50 Mass ave. NV. Franklin 6Is3
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27

PAPERHANGING AND PAINTING.
SATISFACTION GUARANTEED; ESTI
mats furnished. Phone Lincoln 928-W.
or inquire at s15 @ st. ne. r. T. TODD.
7N
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
BRASS BEDS REFINISHED.

We rennish and relacauer brass beds and
other objects. We also do gold. silver and
nickel plating All work guaranteed. MA
TIONAL PLATING 4 MFG. CO., 1906 p 81
NV. Phone West 1870. 1888
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
AUTOS WASHED.
MAGNETos REPAIREn.
Automobiles Wanted.
Motorcycles and Bicycles.

StSs oA9 bNyS ySiess
BIG BARGAINS.
New and used motorcycles
and bicycles: parts for all
makes
BRANCH STORE MAIN STORE
9TH AND g NV Toa \ CApITnL
HARLEY-DAvIDsON SPORT MUTEi. 1879:
fully equipped. S255. J. S. BERRYSIAN
l0ll 9Th St nv. Tss
YOCR Old MACHINE ENAMELEn LIKE
new; baked on. SIS. }. S. BERRYMAN
loli 9th st. nv. fN
MOTORCYCLE TTRES-GooDYEAR 2s1S.
SlO.SO; Finestone. 28x3. s. 50: Firestone,
25ISis. $3.50. J. S. BERRYMAN. lOll Stf
st. nv. TSs
INDIAN. side car. IBIS. rooo as .sw. sTA
); 9 BERRYNAN. ioll 9th nv.
INDIAN, 1919. electric, in tpt-cIsss css-
ditior. 500; terms. J. o. BERRYNAN.
loil sn nv.
ctEvtLANb. 1918. fns shspe, y. =. ts..
dem. 500 essh. J. 6. BERRrNAN. IeN
9th nv. =
HARLEY DAVIDSON, Double side va
nearly new. SIS. J. s. BERRTkAS.
l0ll sth nv. -
BARLEY DAVIDSON. 1911. nsfnetO. p u.
,eIms. J. 8 BERRYNAN. IoIl sth no.
HARLEr davidson. electric. 1919. -
b.flt a rs-ena meled. rood a. uev: ternA,
J. 8. BERRYNAN, Ioll 9th nv.
INDIAN. 1913. elect-rr a sids car. Al cos<-,
2 nev tires, s,1s: tsrnz. O. bKRays
MAN. 1oll sth ~.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
W ALL PAPER.

FIFTY THOUSAND PIECES OF WALL
paper. Every piece bargain; good pa
per. 10. Is and 2oc a piece: 3O-inch oatmeal
and HarmoneIlas. 3-piece roll. 500 MA.
G0SEYS. 3o4 Ps. sv. -. o02
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
CABINET MAKER AND UPHOL'
sTERER.

ANTIQUES, REPRODUCTIONS. REPAIR
ing uphoistering. woodcarvinE. finishing,
Gaming. North l1S9. l4l7 You st. NV.
8. W. ZVEARE. Prop.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
AUTOMOBILES
For Sale.

DODGE ROADSTER
Tires all good. one extra !;
motor just overhauled; bar
;ain at $400 cash. Rear 2006
l4th st. NV. North 6S1.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
LOST AND FOUND

LosT-SLIPPER GONE WHITE CANVASS,
% II st. between 9th and 18th SITS. NV,
Saturday night, June IS. Finder return 933
Ninth st nv; reward. 1855
Last = PARAsOL; BLUE AND GREEN
ssilk. Saturday, in o'DOnneIl's Drug store;
reward. Phone North 4439 1875
LQST-CH0KER, SABLE SKIN; REWARDS
Ant SOS. Somerset. 1910
LoST-cAMEO BROOCH, PLAIN GOLD
nBd, vicinity Of 10th and Spring I'd NV.
5e1euard and no questions asked. Phone
kdsns go or Columbia 5Ol2. lO45
The Washington herald., 1921-06-27
FINANCIAL
MORTGAGES. TRUSTS, ETr

and MORTGAGE NOTES. s%s denomins.
tions. Sl0o-s2.ooo. DAVIS 4 sTEE,Ia,
1920 n. T. ave- :.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
SAVANNAH MAYOR NOW
FIRST AID TO D. CUPID
Love-Sick SWANS, Reading Of Success ofDaw8or
Farmers Appeal, Seek Wives
Themselves

SAVANNAH, Aug. 23.--Littlc did
Mayer Stewart think when he gave
out for publication few days ago
a letter from a Dawson farmer, ask
ing the mayor to help the agricuI-
turist 10 find a wife that he took the
fatil step toward becoming clear
ing house for swains who faln would
take unto themselves wife.
But this is exactly what has hap
pened. The story published concern
ing the marital yearnlngs 0 fthe Daw-
son farmer was copied by newspapers
throughout the state. Likewise the
fact that six Savannah women had
answered the appeal was heralded.
The whole thing seemed rather fun
NY; the mayor chuckled and his
chucklcs were echoed by others un-
der the city hall dome. 1t was rich,
That was several days ago. Today
the matter is not quite as funny. The
mayor has a problem on his hands
which promises to grow as great as
any Of the several municipal guam
daries which perhaps keep his honor
awake nights now. For It appears
many good men and true IN this neck
of the woods-and as far away as
Mississippi-have started a stream OF
"wife-gctting" mail to Mayor Stew
art
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
Senate Clash Over Open Sessions Disarmament
LODGE DEFENDS
SECRETPARLEYSl
AT ARMS MEET
Calls Proposal for Open
Sessions Incivility and
Bad Manners

WASHINGTON, August 23.-De-
mand by the United States for open
sessions of the disarmament confer
cncc could not be construed as an in
suit to the representatives of the for
ejg nnations, Senator Pat Harrison,
of Mississippi declared in the sem
ate today in supporting his amend
ment to the bill appropriating $780,
600 for expenses of the conference,
directing that the delegates named by
Harding to work for public sessions.
Senator Ladge, in opposing it, de-
clarcd il wholly out of place and
futile had manners:" that he would
not be guilty of this incivility to-
ward the great nations invited here
to participate in the conference"
Because of Seuator Lodges oppo-
sition, Senator Harrison Withdrew his
amendment directing the American
delegation to demand open sessions.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
SEARCH RUINS OF
MACON fire FOR
MISSING BODIES
Gas Explosion Blamed
For Disaster by Cor
oner S Jury.

MACON, Aug. 23.-County Con-
victs today began digging into the
ruins Of the Brown House here where
at least twelve persons lost their lives
in the fire early yesterday.
At local hospital whore eight in
iured are being treated it was said
today that all will recover.
One of the bodies recovered yes
tcrday was identified as that of IL,
A. Turnipsecd of Hampton, but later
relatives of J. l.. Collins, of Macon,
claimed the body as his, Another
body has been identified as c. II.
Pope, of Pineview.
The missing include:
Il. A. Turnipsecd, Hampton, Ga,
railway flagman,
W. A. Ward, news butcher.
Scrgt Oscar Knight, Camp Ben
ming, Columbus, Ga.
Private Henry Moore, Camp Upton
N. Y.
A. B. White. flagman, Central of
Georgia railroad.
A coroner's jury late yesterday af
tcrnoon held that an explosion OF es-
Gaping gas in the basement of the
Brunner Drug store in the Brown
House early yesterday morning caus-
ed the destruction of the hotel A
grand jury investigation will be
made.
The coroncr'8 verdict that an cx-
pIoaion Of gas caused the fire is said
to have been based on statements
made by Motorcycle Officer Spier
that he had been Informed by more
than one person that the odor of e5
Gaping gas had been detected.
K. X. Domingos, drug clerk Al
Brunner Drug Company, said he had
5mclIed gas from time to time but
had not reported it. lie also said that
highly inflammablc atcrials were
stored in the@4@&ssment.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
CENSORSHIP

Postmaster General Hays has tax
en- another occasion to assure the
country that he does not consider
censoring the press on Of the func-
'tjons of his office. The second-class
mail privilege of New York foreign
language newspaper has been restor-
ed
There may be an honest difference
of opinion as to whether or not, un-
der some circumstances, after a prop
er hearing, the right to limit the free
dom of the press is necessary. in the
public interest.
But the assumption of autocratic
powers in this connection by Burle-
son, who preceded Hays in office,
was an outrageous violation of both
law and equity
1t is a black page in the history of
the Wilson administration, for it was
contrary to one of the fundamental
principals of democracy.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
LODGE

The country will never know
whether President Harding appointed
Lodge the second member of the Am
crican delegation to the disarmament
conference because he considered him
the best qualified man for the place
or because he is the chairman Of the
Senate COMMITTEES on foreign rela-
tions.
The president had no alternative.
TO have left Lodge out would have
been to have repeated the Wilson
mistake of refusing to take the
Senate into partnership in the max
ing Of the Versailles treaty,
Wilson was quite within his con-
stitutional rights in not giving the
Senate look in" in the Versailles
negotiations But had he waived his
rights and conceded something to OK
nediency, the history of the world
during thppast two years would have
been entirely different.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
YOU AND
CAN SYMPAHTIZE WITH
MRS. DOVE, WHO LOSES
TINE IN LOVE LOTTERY.

MFRS. Josephine Dove divorces bej
avn fourth husband in Washing
ten. Probably she is giving thought tc
the saying that marriage is lot
terry" She isn't the only one.
Plato, the great reporter who
wrote interviews with the PHILOSOPHER
Socrates, said this was Socrates
theory Of married. happiness or mis-
cry:
A soul, entering the world, is torn
in two-one half, the woman; other
half, the man.
Each half wanders through life,
seeking the other. If they meet and
wed-happiness.
BuL-i1 you get the wrong half
misery.
And your chance of happiness IS
one in several millions
But if you took as great a chance
in any other lottery and won any
thing at all, you'd be elatcd.
So. in matrimony, make the most
of what you've got.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
MEXICO

Samuel Vanclain, head of the Bald
WIN Locomotive Works, has Just re-
turned. to the United States from
neXlco with contracts in his pocket
Tor 65 locomotives. Vinclain saws that
,,oero is plenty of business in Mexico
Tor real Americans" who are salts
I'od to take a fair nrofit on deal or
contract He explains that by real
H'oeucans" he means substantial
business men and concerns. not prot
leers, spectators or confidence men,
wT,0osc only desire is to take out OF
bacon.
P. Much of the trouble between the
Onlted States and Mexico has been
caused bv the profiteers. spectators
4Ha confidence men who have gone
o Mexico for other thar honest
BUSINESS purposes. If some way
tWooId be devised to keep them on
tI'S side of the border in the future,
,ne chances of establishing ano
.mIalhtaming good rslations between
tHe two countries would be muci
improved. ID
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1921-08-23
HAY

The hay dealers of the middle west
have protested to the Interstate Com
mcrcc Commission that the high
freight rates have ruined that impor-
tant business and impoverished many
farmers. Thousands of tons of prairie
hay will be uncut because it cannot
be taken to the eastern markets.
II costs $3.50 ton to ship hay by
ra'l from Kansas City to New York,
while the water rate from California
to New York via the Panama cana
Is only $12.75 a ton.
1t will probably be the iudgemen
of those who write the history o
these reconstruction days that eXtor
tomato railway rates were respons
loIe for great many of our troubles