davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

" HERE are some little quirks
in the management Of the con-
ventional double that might
be called the etiquette OF the bid.
One of these is the recognition of the
principle that if the opponents take
out the double the partner Of the
doubler need not answer it unless he
feels strong enough to do so, in spite
of the intervening bid
It often happens that when play
er is doubled his partner will step
in with an assist, not only to take
early advantage of the opportunity
to show that he can assist, but to
make it expensive for the next play
er to answer the double.
The usual rule governing such
cases is that if the partner of the
doubler has no suit of more than
four cards, or feels that he would
have to risk too much by bid, he
may pass, if the double is taken out
by: the intervening opponent.
When the double is made by the
fourth hand, it often happens that
the. original bidder will rebid his
hand, and we get the same relief
from the necessity of answering the
double, with it's consideration of the
risk to be run by going too high in
the bidding.
When the partner who is asked
to make bid has suit of five cards,
he is supposed to call it, as the extra
length is enough to compensate for
the risk taken in answering double
when it is no longer necessary to do
30. A great many points are lost
by players who do not stop to con-
slider that they are not only relieved
of the necessity to bid, but that the
adverse contract has been pushed up.
! With partners who are in the habit
of doubling on cards that do not
justify it caution is essential.
When the partner will not answer
the double that has been taken out
by the intervening player, he is sup
posed to show clearly that he has no
suit Of five cards, and is either not
afraid Of the adverse contract or is
very weak. In that case, it is up to
the doubler to decide whether or not
he is strong enough to demand an
answer to the double with suit of
only four cards, and perhaps a very
weak suit, at that. If so, all he need
do is to double again. Here is an
example:
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

Cnenl, ana Ii TeDld, alteT StdItlLR
with two spades, looked dangerously
ike a game hand.
z passed, waiting to see what suit
A would call, and A had to bid four
hearts. Y cannot assist, as his
trumps are worth nothing, there be-
ing no suit he can ruff, and B is more
than pleased at the suit named. Nine
trumps and two kings to be led up to
is pretty strong hand.
z passed, almost tempted to take
advantage Of the free double, as it
is called, which means that if the
declarer makes his contract he wins
the game anyhow; so that doubling
will not help him any in that direc-
ton. Not only did A make his con-
tract, but he got five-odd this way.
Y led the spade and dummy
trumped. A small diamond brought
the ace from Z, who at once led the
trump, to stop as much of the ruff
as he could. A won the trick and
led a spade, got in with the diamond
queen and ruffed dummy again.
Dummy then led the trump, the
diamonds being set, and z figured
that the scheme would be for A to
put z in with his spade jack (marked
in his hand as Y led the ten origi-
nally), and make him lead up to the
dummy's kings. To avoid this z
blanked both his aces, as dummy
could no longer trump spades.
The consequence was that after
pulling Y's trumps and making two
diamonds in dummy, when dummy
led the small club, z had to put on
the ace, A having discarded his last
spade. Now, A trumps the spade
and leads the nine of clubs to dunn
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

have something to build bridges
ever.
Another time she read to him
about balloons. The story told how
scientists made a big bag and filled
it with gas, and the gas lifted the
bag up into the air. He was much
interested in that and wanted to
make a balloon, but he had no bag.
But he set his active little mind to
work, and then he remembered an
other story he had heard about two
kinds Of powder which when mixed
together in water made gas. That
gave the young inventor an idea.
Why not make a human balloon? He
told another little boy his plan,
which was to get this other little boy
to swallow some Of the powders and
then take a drink of water. The
gas, Tom figured, would lift the boy
in the air, and he would float around
like a balloon.
The mistake Tom made was in
no% ockiro his V,,n4 hor ox sovoo o%Lo~
grown-up what might happen if he
tried a thing like that. The little
boy who took the powders was made
very i'll and Tom was punished.
But that was when he was quite
small. When he grew little older
he bought printing press and
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

z dealt and bid two spades, which
both A and Y passed, but B doubled.
z at once put in a bid of three
spades. Having no suit of five cards,
and with nine losers in hand, A felt
that he was absolved from the duty
of answering the double, so he
passed.
B felt that he could not lose much
by doubling again, as he would never
be left in, and even if his partner
had to call four in a minor suit they
would have eight trumps between
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
How Tom Edison Tried to Read Whole Library

IF YOU should go into the rooms
in the big white library on Fifth
Avenue, where all the thousands
on thousands Of books are kept. or
even into one of the smaller New
York branch Libraries, such as the
one on the street near where yeu
live, would it ever occur to you that
you must read every one of those
books and know what was in them?
No, you probably will say, you
would never think of such a thing
1t would take too much time, and
there are too many movie shows to
90 to and too much fun to be had
playing.
Well, there was a boy once who
tried to do just that thing. He was
Thomas A. Edison, the great in
ventor, and although he didn't do
what he set out to do he tried hard
and only gave up when those who
were older than he convinced him
that he was trying to do something
beyond the power of even such a
genius as Edison turned out to be.
Usually after a boy grows up and
becomes a great man there is some
thing in his childhood that those
who write his biography, the story of
his life, can point to as an early
proof Of his genius. Of course, we
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
n1y's king. The trick gained by a
good trump lead he threw away by
bad discarding later.

The solution to Problem No. Al,
given last week, in which hearts
were trumps, z to lead and w to
get all seven tricks, is as follows:
z starts with high diamond, on
which Y plays the nine. z follows
with the spade trey, which Y trumps.
Now Y can take out BIS trump, at
the same time giving q the oppor-
tunity to shed the ace Of clubs.
Now Y is free to lead two winning
clubs, on the second of which B is in
trouble with his discard, A having
already been forced to discard on
the trump lead, probably a spade.
The false opening is the spade. If
Y trumps and leads trump, z dis
carding the club, when Y leads the
top club, B discards the spade ten.
z must discard spade. Then on
the next club B sheds the ace of
spades, B still holding the king, hav-
ing discarded a small diamond on the
trump. Now, if 2 discards spade
he loses a diamond trick. Pretty
problem!
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

belief that America was discovered
by seeking to reach the furthest
shores of Asia across the Atlantic
he cannot recover from his illusion,
as it is based not on a knowledge Of
facts, but upon fancies Of a purely
sentimental kind, fancies which no
amount of demonstration can affect
But I dare hope that | may be more
successful with those whose opin-
ions are not definitely fixed and
movable"
With no more ceremony than thu
above do we reopen the case of Co.
lumbus and the Gem of the Ocean.
Mr.. Vignaud is thorough investi-
gator, as thorough as any man may
we'll be of an event that has taken
place so far back in the past. Yet
constantly one feels the futility Of
trying to get at the true facts now
that every one is dead and buried
and the missing papers arc lost or
stolen.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
RUSSIAN BANK

Question: Can a player remove the
top card from his stock pile and place
it on his discard pile, so as to ret at
the card next the top on his stock pile ?
Mrs. r.
Answer: No; because the cards tina,
go on the discard pile are all from the
players hand, or are put on the dis.
card by the opponent Cards from the
stock 60 only to the layout.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
The Toscanelli Tradition

According to the tradition, Paolo
Toscanelli, famous Florentine
astronomer, advised seeking a new
route to the East Indies by way Of
the west as early as 1474 He is
reported to have forwarded his sug-
gestion to Columbus, together with
a map or chart indicating the route
to be followed. Yielding to this
counsel, it would appear that Co.
lumbus set out on his exploration,
and thus it came about that Amer
ica was discovered.
This view, however charitably in
terpreted, would give the main
credit for America being what it is
to-day to Toscanelli. At all events,
it seems more than likely that if it
had not been for Toscanell we
would all be living in some jolly old
country across the sea, shaking our
cocktails out in the open instead
Of softly behind barred doors.
Which is, some may think, rather
getting away from the controversy.
For the better part of the last
400 years this tradition has been
accepted as authentic. America was
an accidental country, entitled to a
seat ip the League Of Nations, per-
haps, but not a country with a reg
ular, legitimate birth. Taking it
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
Says Columbus Was Seeking America, Not India

THOR the last fifteen years
T. tremenaon. controversy
seems to have been raging
here and there about the con-
tinents without touching the rank
and file Of humanity at any point
Chiefly it is concerned with the dis
covery Of America, the motives of
the exploration and all that sort of
thing.
Vital as the subject may be after
four hundred years, we think it
rather late in the day for any heat
ed argument. Any good business
man would have closed his books on
the deal and had the bills all re
ceipted several centuries ago. Still
the debate appears good for many
more seasons.
In Nutshell
Personally, we hadn't heard an
echo of the excitement until few
days ago, when some one passed us
a small volume en- The Columbian
Tradition. And there the whole
thing was in nutshell-the Colum-
bian tradition knocked down, tram
pied on, kicked in a corner and
counted out. Briefly, the authen-
ticity Of the Columbian tradition
was challenged and discredited.
Without waiting to hear what it
all amounted to, we Immediately
rushed to the standard of the dear
old tradition. Only over our dead
body could any one cast aspersions
against the man who discovered
America. A fine piece of work, in
our humble opinion, he did; and
having said that, why not let the
whole matter drop?
But such is not the way of the
reformer. Give him a chance to
upset perfectly good tradition and
he will never be happy until it has
happened.
Look at Shakespeare
Just look what they did to
Shakespeare! He hadn't been dead
more than century before the
doubters began lifting their eye
brows and limiting that something
was rotten in Denmark. Almost
before night had fallen on the day
it was first rumored that perhaps,
after all, William Shakespeare
wasn't William Shakespeare, several
likely substitutes had been pushed
into position. The Baconian theory
seemed to top the field, but any one
else would have done just as we'll.
You can never tell. No one is
safe. If you don't want posterity
disputing your claim to fame the
sensible thing to do is to be on hand
ready to present an identification
card when the trouble begins. AS
soon as you cease living any one,
apparently, can DR.. Cook you with
out even filing notice with the cor
oner.
So in this outraged spirit did we
approach the Columbus debate. Hav-
ing been brought up on the legend
that Christopher Columbus discov-
cred America, having been drilled
by the schoolboy textbooks that "in
1892 Columbus sailed the ocean
blue" we had no intention of being
convinced of anything to the con-
trary without a terrific struggle.
This discrediting Of facts would
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

of Henry Vi~naud's The Columbian
Tradition, pub biished by The Oxford
University Press, may we definitely
be termed to have entered, the con-
troversy as q non-participating spec
tator.
This last is Mr.. Vignaud's reply to
the ofessors-rather a helated re-
ply, for the war interviewed and Mr..
Vignaud felt it was not the proper
moment for continuing independent
controversy, a decision which seems
to US entirely fitting. The dough-
boy deserved his day. There should
have been no distractions from the
main conflict. But now with peace
the armistice on Columbian matters
has been suspended and the battle
resumed.
"Out Of respect for the rights of
criticism | would have left this at
tack without reply" Mr.. Vignaud
addresses his opponents ard others,
had not the matter Under discus
sion been an event of such vast i'm
portance as the discovery Of Amer
ica, which has been wholly misrep-
resented bv tradition
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

So Tom Edison consented to give
up his ambition and to take up
course of selected reading instead.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

have to be mighty clear before we
would believe.
And right here, on the threshold
of our pent-up scorn, we discovered
that Henry Vignaud, author of the
excitement, was as firm a believer in
the achievement of Columbus as we
were ourselves. In fact, he goes US
one better. Mr.. Vignaud believes,
according to his own account, that
Columbus discovered America when
he was out looking for America and
for nothing else but America. Such
faith is almost seraphic in its SIM
plicity.
However, it made US all the more
eager to proceed along with Mr.. Vi
gnaud, wherever the trail might
lead. We were, as you might say,
ready to lend hand at any mo-
ment to help down the doubters.
Fortunately, Mr.. Vignaud wasted
no time in explaining the intricacies
of the Columbian tradition. (Stupid
that we shouldn't have known it be-
foreD Actually, in plain English,
it is nothing more than the belief
that the object Of Columbus's first
voyage was to discover a short route
to the East Indies via the west and
that he just happened to stumble on
America in the pursuit of that end.
Or, as the slangsters have it, the ex-
plorer's plan was to achieve tho
Orient via the Occident.
Now that we come to think of it.
the Columbian tradition is not such
stranger. We have met it many
times before, only we didn't recog-
nize it in the trimmings of an inter-
national controversy. Back in the
dim days Of second grade geography
we can remember being rather awed
at learning for the first time that if
1t hadn't been for a mere accident
America might never have been dis
covered. Columbus was just lucky.
That was all.
But we are certain that the part
about the astronomer, Toscanelh,
never penetrated. And that appears
to be the real blowout Of the
scenario
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
A Debt to History

"But l owe it to myself and to his
toric truth, of which l am conscious
of having been the Interpreter. to
prove that you have both remained
under the seductive charm of the
fairy tale that in 1892 tle East was
sought by way of the West, which
has lulled US into error for a period
of four centuries.
Il have not the presumption to be-
lieve that I can convince you," he
continues candidly. when any one
has been nursed all his life in the
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
No Mention of the East

In all the records preceding the
voyage of 1892 Mr.. Vignaud has
found no mention of the East Indies
as the object Of the exploration. Net
until after Columbus returned from
his first trip, imagining he had
reached the island of Cypangu in
the East Indies, was there any init
nation that he had set out with any
other end in view than the discovery
of new lands.
Years after the death Of Co1um-
bus rumor became current that the
real credit for the discovery be-
longed to pilot whose name re-
mained in obscurity In passing
from mouth to mouth among the
jealous and i'll disposed the story
took on an exaggerated form and
discounted much Of the prestige of
the explorer. Becoming alarmed
at this state of affairs, Mr.. Vignaud
believes that Columbus's family in
vented the legend of Toscanelli doc
uments to clear him from the re-
proach of having profited by tho
discovery Of another.
While this lessened the impor-
tance Of the part played by Colum-
bus in the discovery of America, it
silenced the story of the anonymous
pilot. The legend of the search for
the East by the way of the Wes!
was readily accepted by the peo>s
and has taken such root that Mr.
Vignaud gravely doubts whether
criticism will ever succeed in de-
stroying it completely.
Was Seeking America
There are some opinions which,
once formed, are never relin-
quished," he reminds US. II refer
to those opinions which time has
sanctioned and which have thereby
sunk deep into our mental habits.
The legends of Columbus seeing
the East by way Of the West and
OF Toscanelli being the originator
of the discovery of America are
among these"
But in his own mind Mr.. vi
gnaud's views never waver.
columbus discovered America
because he had OWNED it's exist
ence and because he set out to look
for it until he had found it," he
writes, and concludes with a final
note of impatience. "Toscanelli
has nothing to do with that great
event."
Well, for one, we are glad the
thing is settled. 1t was high time.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
POKER

Question: asks for four cards in the
draw, and picks them up one at time
as they are dealt to him. On getting
the third in his hand .,e finds that he
did not discard four, and has his full
complement, so he says he does not
want the fourth card laid off for him,
which is still face down on the table.
The dealer bets he must take it. If so,
what card must A discard?-H M. B.
Answer: No discard. His hand is
foul, as he has lifted and looked at
some Of those asked fer in the draw
before correcting his mistake. He
must take all four, SO that he has six
cards.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

all in all, from a genealogical stand
point, things have looked pretty
dark.
Then, out of shroud of mys-
terry, came Henry Vignaud, presi-
dent of the Societe des Ameria-
nistes, corresponding member of the
1nstitut, etc. He brought forward
an argument purporting to prove
that America was rightly discovered
by a licensed explorer who knew
just what he was doing and asked
advice from nobody. No credit at
all could possibly be gathered in
by the descendants Of the Floren-
tine astronomer.
All of this and much more were
included in the Historic de la
Grande Enterprise de 1892 (easily
translated by any veteran of the
A. E. F.).
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
Bitter Words

BY some chance this book escaped
our notice. However, there were
others in the field. Two eminent
professors, Hermann Wagner, of
the University Of Gottingen, and
Carlo Errera Of Bologna. saw the
histoire and resented ehe heresy.
They Immediately launched strenu-
GUS counter attack in the form of
two serious studies, the one appear
ing in the report of the last Geo.
graphical International Congress
held in Rome, the other in L'Archivio
storico Italiano. Therein Mr.. Vi
gnaud's arguments were attacked
with considerable force and not
without some bitterness.
These volumes also appear to have
caught us mapping. We never heard
of either OF them. Not unit! receipt
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

Hearts are trumps and z leads.
Y and z want six tricks. How do
they get them? Solution next week.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
School for Card Players

once, and the declarer announces that
he wins all the rest Of the tricks, lay
ing his cards on the table. The leaders
partner still has small trump, and
demands that the declarer lead 4 heart,
as this player has no heart and can
ruff. The declarer says his cards can
not be caIled.-G. W. L.
Answer: The declarer is correct.
AS long as the declarer can win all the
rest of the tricks, without taking any
illnesses, he can play his cards as he
pleases.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

one person could read all the books
in such library, even if he should
give his entire life to it.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13

But even to this day, when he is one
Of the busiest men in the world, the
great inventor is a constant reader.
New-York tribune., 1921-03-13
AUCTION BRIDGE
By r. F. Foster

Author Of Foster Auction, Auction Made Easy
Fosters Complete Hoyle. etc.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1921-11-04
A Boost For C. w.
Castle For County Atty.

am republican and want to speak
to the voters upon a subject vital to US
an for the next four years. Uncle Geo.
Castle Is well known throughout
the county and a man of wider exper-
ieace in county affairs than any 9TH
er man in the county, man of high
integrity, perseverance and courage, a
man who will guard the peoples rights
and make our money &c farther TO Gre
ate good roads and conveniences for
the people than any other man in Law
renee county.
No man In all Lawrence county
stands closer to the taxpayers than he
does. Go to his office for advice, sound
advice and you get 1t free as water.
Help us all, yes always helping some
one. Look how he set free five hund-
red indicted for failing to license dogs.
Now, uncle George needs the office of
County Attorney. The people owe 1t to
him and they never refuse to respond
to true friend, so let us all without
regard to party. rally to his support
and show him we appreciate kindness.
Vote for uncle George and he will
make the best County Attorney we
have ever had. A REPUBLICAN,.
(advertisemenD
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1921-11-04
P. N. AT GARRETT
SHOOTS A MAN
Self Defense Claimed by Jay
"A. Vins0n, Who Fired
the Shots.

At Garrett, Floyd county. last Satur-
day evening, Jay A. Vinson shot Frank
Hughes, inilicting severe wounds which
may prove fatal. One shot took effect
in the abdomen, the ball entering Just
above the hip The other bullet broke
the shoulder or collar bone. we do not
know which. Hughes returned the
fire. but without effect He was taken
TO hospital at Paintsville and was
still living at last report. Mr.. Vinson
went to Prestonsburg and surrendered,
giving bond in the sum of $1,000.
Mr.. Vinson is postmaster at Garrett.
Hughes was in the room at the time
the mail was being closed to dispatch
by the train. He is said to have been
drinking and in an ugly mood. and
raised a disturbance with the post
master because he refused to take a
drink of moonshine. His reputation is
reported to be that of a dangerous
man. Mr. Vinson lost no time in get
ting the drop on him. and while cover
ing him he asked the by-standers to
take hold of Hughes and prevent him
from drawing a pistol. Also. Mr.. Vim
son was declaring that he did not want
to shoot. When an effort was made
to take hold of Hughes 1t is said he
drew a pistol and the shooting started
immediately Vmson claims self de-
fense
Mr.. Vinson is a native of Louisa and
has never been in trouble of this kind
before. He was Police Judge at Gar
rett for awhile. His brother. G.. R.
Wason, met him at Prestonsburg Sat
urday night.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1921-11-04
Two Dead Bodies
Found Near Portsmouth

The bodies of John w. Newman,
aged 25, and Miss Louise Doyle. aged
is. were discovered early Friday AT :
tesnoon in an abandoned house ON the
George Davis farm seven miles notfh
of Portsmouth. Both bodies were found
in one small room. His body WIS ly-
ing in a corner pierced by three rullet
wounds from .32 calibre revolver.
Her body was crouched In nearby
corner pierced through the heart Nv a
similar bullet.
The couple disappeared suddenly on
Friday night a week before the bodias
were found, and Miss Doyle's mother
notified the police that night when her
daughter failed to return home.
Both are employees of the Excelsior
shoe plant and had splendid reputa-
tions, standing high in the opinions Of
all who knew them. - ~
= Mr. Newman was married and leaves
a wife and three children.