davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
How He Made False Notes
BY Pen and Ink Work

Ningers method was to take bond paper
of about the same quality as that OF the
genuine notes, though without the silk
threads. Having cut this to the exact size of
the note he dipped It in weak solution OF
coffee to give the paper the appearance OF
age and usage. While the paper was still
wet he placed 1t over the face of the genuine
note, the edges being exactly together. The
two were then placed flat upon a pane of
glass and every figure and letter portrait
and vignette, with the signatures and seal,
were brought out in bold relief through the
transparent bond paper
Placing the pane of glass against the win
dow frame at an angle OF forty-five degrees,
so that the light shone through. Ninger care
fully traced all parts. first with hard. sharp
pointed pencil, and afterward with pen and
ink the penman showing marvellous touch
and skill. The colors on the note were ap-
piled with a camel's hair brush. and these
colots so perfectly initiated those OF the
genuine note as to contribute materially to
its excellent general appearance.
Red and blue ink marks were made to take
the place of the silk threads which are
worked into the pulp OF the genuine paper.
Ninger also copied the Treasury seal. which
is invariably placed over portions or the main
design In such way as to defy ordinary
tracing The back of the note showed the
same care and attention, though executed
almost entirely with the brush.
For years these pen and ink notes. usually
in twenties and mites, though sometimes IN
hundreds. appeared at the Treasury. Warn
ings OF the counterfeits were repeatedly
given widest publicity and numerous points
wherein they differed from the genuine as
well as methods for detection were incorpor-
ated into these warnings.
One of the methods suggested was to pass
moistened finger across the serial number.
Under this test the ink would blur. The nm
intentional application of this test by New
York bartender who gave Ninger change for
$50 bill led TO the arrest OF the counter
fcitcr
The New York herald., 1921-02-13

eral reports received by several Government
departments The easing off Of the strike
was heralded first from Chicago by an an
nouncement from national credit mems
association. From New England came re-
ports that the textile mills were beginning
to reopen. They had closed In the fall, lay
ing Off thousands of workers. Mills in the
South followed suit and commenced to oper-
ate on part time. From the central West
came reports that the machine shops of
The New York herald., 1921-02-13

of white metal, was disclosed in the mould
This was dipped into liquid which the
swindler said was gold-plating material, and
sure enough. when the coin was removed il
was to all appearances genuine gold piece.
To further the deception the victim was in
structed to take this coin to some bank
nearby and satisfy himself that It would pass
without suspicion. The object was to sell
the apparatus to the dupe for a good round
sum under the impression that ne could use
it for making counterfeit money.
After the victim had purchased the money
machine he discovered that the metal which
he poured into the funnel mysteriously dis
appeared and that no coin resulted. Exam
ination disclosed that the complicated ma
chinery on the inside all a sham, ex-
cept that a genuine IS coin, thinly coated
with mercury to give 1t the white appear
ance, had been made to slide by means OF
a spring into the mould. The so-called plating
fluid was nothing but nitric acid, which re-
moved the mercury from the coin, restoring
it to its original condition.
In the opinion of Chief Moran. who has
been studying counterfeiters and their prod
ucts since he first came to the bureau IN
1882, one of the cleverest of the lot was a
man whose entire outfit OF tools consisted OF
pen, ink and a small camels hair brush.
This was Emanuel Ninger, and he has been
referred to as the original and authentic
"Jim the Penman." For fifteen years Min
ger baffied the officers of the law, but In
1895 he was caught and sentenced to six
years in the penitentiary He was released
in 1901. To this day, his photograph, framed
with several samples of his work. hangs on
the walls Of the Secret Service Bureau.
Ninger made and passed all the notes HIM
self. and the fact that he had no confederates
to share his secret, coupled with his unique
skill as penman, made 1t possible for him
to continue az long as he did. When at work
in room In his modest cottage at FTagtown,
~ J.. he allowed no one to enter and not
even his wife had knowledge of his secret.
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
SIX Shirts and Diamonds
Hit First by Buyers Strike

Meanwhile the great buyers strike began
and swept the United States from coast to
coast. Luxuries were first hit. The public
stopped buying silk shirts, automobiles.
candy and jewels. Diamond importations
dropped off millions each month. A report
to one Government department told Of the
closing of shops in Holland in which da-
monds were cut and mounted and the idle
ness of thousands of cutters. Then factories
and mills in this country began to close and
lay off workmen. Stores that formerly had
been packed with customers now were almost
vacant. The public itself was beginning to
fatten the retail dollar. The possessor OF
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
Rent Dollar Fails to Join
The Upward Procession

Government officials now are watching to
detect the first change that may occur In
the rent dollar, which so far has remained
almost stationary. The rent dollar Is prac-
tcally the only important dollar which has
not joined the upward procession
The watch for the return Of the pre-war
American dollar is going on daily in the
+, Bureau of Statistics of the Labor Depart
ment. Scientists and economists there prob
ably know more about the American dollar,
it's habits and customs than any other off,
Gals of the Government. Scattered through
their maze of statistics. their tables and their
thousands of sheets of mathematical calcu-
lations are the data upon which the Labor
Department officials could write a history
of the dollar.
Everybody knows that 1t was along early
in 1914 that the American dollar began to be
very sick. 1t was then that the statistical
physicians in the Labor Department began
to sit up nights with the patient. They
charted him. felt his pulse in almost every
city of the United States, calculated his
respiration and prescribed remedies in the
form of special articles in the Monthly Labor
ReUieiD. an official publication of the Labor
Department. Columns of newspaper stories
were printed about the patient
On the basis of the condition of the dollar
noted by the Labor Department physicians,
the leaders of organized labor made up their
tables on which they demanded higher
wages for workers Some employers began
to wish the Labor Department scientists
would be struck dumb. This was In 1918,
when more than 100000 workers struck
for wage increases, using the Labor Depart
ment calculations to justify their needs.
THE dollar is worth only 40 cents" became
a common phrase throughout the United
States.
But If the Labor Department experts were
the first to get across the fact that the pre-
war dollar had disappeared. it must be adj
mitted that they now are the first to herald
the news that the pre-war dollar Is being
approached by the present dollar. Sur
rounded by their batteries of adding ma
chimes on the sixth floor of the Departments
building. the experts are still watching and
charting the dollar
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
Lemon Squeezer Was Used
To Cast Base Quarters

In another instance an ordinary lemon
squeezer was employed to hold the clay
moulds for casting base quarters. clothes
wringer was brought to light which had been
made to serve as a printing press. Hand
engraved steel plates. from which almost
perfect facsimiles of our currency had been
printed lay beside blocks OF wood into which
the counterfeit impressions had been cut
with jackknife; but the greatest curiosity
In the way of note plates was chselled out
OF MARBLE These had actually been used In
printing ten dollar notes, several of which
were put I'm circulation despite the fact that
they resembled the genuine scarcely more
than does a cigar store coupon.
One Of the most ingenious devices received
was listed as a coin Doodle machine. Beauti-
fully worked out in polished nickel and brass
IL might have been taken for just what II
purported to be--a finished metal mould for
casting So gold pieces. It's appearance when
closed was that of two cylindrical brass boxes.
each about six inches in diameter and one
and a half inches thick, hinged together and
fastened with brass hooks. The inner sur
faces were of polished nickel with copper
impress, ons OF the Ave dollar coin counter
sunk In the centre.
This machine was used by clever rogue
to swindle criminally inclined persons who
would make and handle counterfeit money IL
they thought they could do so with safety.
The machine was first exhibited to the victim
open. 1t was then closed and fastened and a
white metal poured from a crucible into the
opening. After few minutes the box was
opened and perfectly made coin, apparently
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
Special Correspondence Of THE New YORK

Special Correspondence OF The NEW YORK
HERALD.
New York Herald bureau.
Washington, ID. G., Feb I2.
T HE pre-war American silver dollar, in
total eclipse since 1919 is beginning
to push into sight again above the
economic horizon of the United States. Gov
ernment records show that the dollar is in
creasing in value day by day. It's becom-
ing easier to live And official Washington
is watching the dollar.
A rising dollar means an automatic in-
crease in income for every resident of the
United States AS prices go down the value
of the dollar goes up. In the last six months
the dollar has increased in value an average
of 10 per cent. The clothing dollar has gone
up more than 10 per cent So has the hat
dollar and the shoe dollar Everybody knows
what happened to the sugar dollar and the
potato dollar. The food dollar has increased
about 25 per cent. since July
The food dollar now is worth 56.1 cents
compared with the same dollar of the pre-
war or 1913 period In the middle of the
summer the food dollar was worth only 45.7
cents. The change represents an increase
of 10.4 cents. This seemingly slight increase
means millions saved to the American con-
Sumer
The New York herald., 1921-02-13
Material AccumuIates Fast,
But Is Destroyed Just So Often


in a store room In the Secret Service Bureau,
there to remain until a sufficient amount
has accumulated to warrant house clean
ing. About every two years the storage room
becomes congested with the accumulation Of
counterfeit money, plates dies, moulds cru
cibles inks, paper, presses and other contra
band property, and then the Secretary of the
Treasury appoints a committee of three en-
ployees of the Department to receive the
property and oversee les destruction.
The boxes containing counterfeit coins and
apparatus are taken to a foundry to be
placed In blast furnace and melted. In the
case of coins made of low grade silver or
gold the pure metal Is recovered and re-
turned to the Treasury.
The same care Is exercised In the handling
and keeping of the false money as Is GUS
tomary with the true. Every employee
through whose hands 1t passes is held strictly
accountable for its safe keeping. The Secret
Service agent who captures it inventories it
in detail on a. blank prepared for the purpose.
and when II Is no longer required as evidence
in court forwards II TO the office OF the chief
at Washington, where the property Is
checked up, and IL found to agree with the
inventory receipt is returned to the agent.
When the destruction committee is organ
lied IT must verify the contents of each pack
age as indicated on the inventory.
In these heterogeneous collections there
are often many curiously contrived too's
and devices, evidencing sometimes the crude
attempt of the novice and sometimes the
skill and ingenuity of the past master in
crime. For example. mould was found
composed of two pieces of wood into which
the imprint had been made by placing
genuine coin between them and subjecting
the whole to pressure. This had been used
to manufacture lead nichels with which to
beat slot machines.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
M'NAMARA FIRST
NOTIFIES MOTHER
Released Labor Leader Of
Famous Explosion Case
Slated for Speech

SAE FnANrtSCD, Nay 30 The
flrst act ot John i MrNaiuHrd. tur-
uior official Of the Structural iron
workers. who served nine years aud
five months lu the fan quentin
prison for the dyunmitng 81 tho
LlcWcilSn IRON Works ~ Los hngc
los. upon reaching San trancisop to-
day WAS ~ wire his mother IN tht
,ust that he was again free.
liis tcrm cNpired yesterday aud
NcNamars lofi tho prison shortly
attor d % ciuok this morning. c,udins
newspaper men ana camera nlej
waiting nt san Rafael when thoy
later caught up with him they re-
cured no statement.
"I'Vo nu BtHtcmrnt 10 make. M
not Kidding This party is not 80
bc iutrudcd upGn.'
NcNHlnarH was met With am au-
tumobilo, by IS. q. I.cWis. representa-
ti,o Of the international association
uf bridge and structural iron work
crH, and on his arrival here, went
TO the LcWis home
Mc>amara Is avhcdulcd TO address
- meeting OF tho union here tpmOI
row night.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
AN UNJUST SHARE
PASSED TO LABOR
Asked to Bear the Major
Portion OF Loss in
Reduction
LABOR WAR IS SEEN
Cabinet Officials Not Opti-
mistic over Controversies
Now Brought to Front

WNSUUNGTON Nay 10 Iabur
problems Hrr assuming grave. iin.
rpftnuro each passing month, Iu ihr
Wow ~ administration l"Rdcrp.
Cabinet member intimately iu
touch with labor matters do not
lisguifc the fact thaI vHEr ruuitp.
tcrsirq may set devclor trouble " q
serious character.
The president wants tp sro read
iuspmcut of both princ ana wage
conditions upon stable ana 'uuit
HhlD basis but nolthvt the prUsl
dcnt nor his advisers desire To SO"
iuiustircH
ln the cabinet there H. q belief that
determined mnNrmtnts By ltfg' IN
tcIrsts to bring about reduced opct.
Atiug costs, almost solely by -hlft-
iup the reductions 10 Tho ahuuld"ts
nf labor In the form of wage cuts
arc fraught Win danger Tor the fu-
tore.
rho labor situation h. fnIi ~
dynamite said member OF tho
cabinet several days ago
Labor iB unwilling 10 he made TIC
goat for big employers In the read
lustmcnt prucctg They should not
he made to bear al the sacrificcs
which capital appears intent to hemp
upon them"
Au exhaustive study OF uncmploy.
mcut conditions Is being mad" by
secretary oi hlnnerce 'i"uNc'
AecIe'aig ol lhn"t Jaws anu Wv
'rnor lierulhR ~ tno 'cS'l We p"huu
Ihcrc arc 3,VVV.VVu hhemploleu
iodhy ~ e"nserNa'lN' esliulhtes'
some oiiclals tasuic thcic afe nov
lctA thhh i,Voo'VVu' ouUtlnB lNe ~
thc nycfage lamlly, that Wsans
hnoul 2p'VoV'uVV p'uplo alloGlod py
ldlenoss anu ivss OF p'o'u'"N" III
como.
but the trouble WIZ not come rom
nc unemployed but from lhc organ
lHod union woIhvIs WHO Ieh"ih az
WorN' some oIilclaIs peHcNc
iaoor tiisis III sight
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
HUGHES OUT OF CABLE WAR
Secretary ~ state Refuse. Ia iutcr-
,cnr IN Row with Western Union

WASlliNGTON. May 10 Score
iary ot state hughes has refused to
Wtorveuc IT. tho dispute bctwccu IN"
weston iuion ana tho government
over the landing ~ n cable from tho
badus az Miami tln untii tho
supreme court rules on the .d-c and
decides whether tho president has
tho power to prevent cable landings.
NcVcOmb Carleton. president Of tho
Interstate ana forciRn commerce
committee.
carlton appeared before tho com
mittcc TO oppose tho kcllog bill civ
ing the president authority to rcgu-
late tho right to land communication
cables on the coasts Of the United
Ststcf
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
Plan i,ccrca,Ion Grounds.

= spneIai 30 1hs Worid.
HOLDENVILBE, May TO- Some
NJ our citizers have organized re-
creation c,th; they have bun on
the banks of Little river six miles
southeast of town, q substantial
building. thc grounds arc being
bcautifird with Vines and folwcrn,
y nearby spring will furnish the
pprcst ~ driukine wster. and it
viii be an Ideal place Tor fishing
bathing and boating
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
ROOMS WILL BE FURNISHED
Prompt Iicdre- Assure Succcss of
I,pdic- Ito~piinl Drive.

special 70 fhe World
HANTl. .ESNi ii.IE May 10 Tn"
womcna clnb of Rartlcsville has
made proarcs w ~ plans 10 FUR
nsh the rooms of the Washington
county mcmorial hospital now tn
vours, Il construction Tho furnish +.
lngs ~ these rooms have already
been pronisad by different ufganiya.
iions and u IN Expected that the On.
tire number of tuuW8 VII be tur-
niEhed hy the uouru. The coat al
furnishing each room is $3.50.
Tho work NJ directing this project
among INC women has been IN
charge ~ he me mbcrs OF the Wun d
on'p auxiliary ~ tho Washington
County Medical society. composed Of
tho wives of tho physicians Ut tho
county.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11

defend some OF the elements Of lanor
which have suffered tho worst cuts
In wages In recent weeks. In some
lincs labor Is believed to have bccu
accorded unfair treatment. IiiRh OF
ficinls. studying the problem. bcneV1
that wage reductions should oFithd
only TO those classes which nave
been grossly overpaid ms n result ot
war agreements. or through over
TINT pay abuses. The secretary oI
labor iH one OF many prominent o,l
niats uho believe that many leading
lndustrics can effect economies ny
rendlustlng their methods of opera
zion Instead OF making labor hear
All tho bruut of ptlco hacfill,pH'
,.v should effect ioSerlpg ot prices
10 the consumer. without making ihe
wage Garner carry the entire burden
OF the price decline.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
nn,nl Nclghbnr InItIniIon.

NUFTTaT To IUn W0TTU-
BbuE JACKET May TO- Twenty
candidates we're initiated into tho
Royal Noighbors camp hero Thurs.
day night by dr.ll team from AZ
ton who hhd been invited to put
on degree work to the class Mrs.
Myrtle Estes. district deputy and
Mrs. Kelly. both of BartloeVlllc. wCru
present and assisted Rcfrcshmcnt /,
were served after tho business scs.
sion had closed
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
THEATERS

=. PALACE Il An Gahy' .euh Man,or
hamilton tho ttsr ~ "EHtthbound
r'the Ner. music by Palace orch'atrs.
BtkLto rtiwuls pesn sod Inn
thsnsr foo 'uutaldc me IsW.' = pictufe
wi'h " mighty moral. alao good com
sfnANr. "rruy, your WIr starring
kstbtine Mao nrsid master pfodn'
uon. no Ahippofh narrow Escape
uoyAt "taI Ioooe" ths eoud'
a..'tsu low drama, . picture NJ mon
'od w,mso snd love vl,h d great paa,
pnuhuwsy Eosore o'nuea d.
nfosdvsy ava llome plcurr pt
Hriir. Hnd trhs Pathe NrvH and e"o1
comedy. t'outy NoGusmote.H nurt' y
comedy ,o,nrany IN se,e;si good musical
uf.tnutatlrDH
WONDERLAND. "Hore.t itutan fro.
munR Wul Hogrra. LaHr UeynuldH pre-
.srtg his uuficsi comrhy "onip~ny n
Tho S~w Urcfuu.f f ant aisp th' spanish
rouhsdours io Npsh"h rones H"d d7n''.
L5utc r,aokIlo rarnlo h emo
rtunnr stranger. picture of ~ "e"
International Seas ana "lao neN com
edy
n. AM 4 bis spc,isl feature and also
new comedy
pUpUIa NJ DrphtuW tres ani TOPICS
~ tho pay ZIG time tau3etllirt Harry
u Wstanu snd reg. " Nrttille iu huN'
wife" tho tsuRhiaa HsuHstlou pf ihn year
nabcork Hnd Dolly in "pn DE H"hl'
ward nHtty Utuo rartch. Mir7 blfd
NoffAtt tho rlad Hturci NJ ElHd song
ROY usrrah rith ticicn Csrr in "a WhI
4 Epin 4 smile" thfllis uud fIu '"i'
tadlu'H HuimEta. tir latest novelty circus.
Jimmy Lucas srslsted by ttangigo In
Vampires and Fuoit' Music by pfphcum
orchestra
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
TWlSTER SHAKES HOUSTON
No Women suffering From Painful
inluri"s--Iiou~cr trr Hiown Dovu

-! - fbH~'r tfr tiDNu tpOMu
IiOUSTDN, Texas MAY TO- Mrs.
George Van pclt, and u Irs Black.
"oll are suffering from painful In
lufirH today ana many busiuoAs
hout"s aun ,sAidcuCcs throughout
mo town arc damaged TO an nggrc-
E'lo estimate ~ $4,000 as tho rc-
silt or % Visit ~ a tWi-tcr to La
Porto near here
1hc storm, striking about dark
last ulght. lasted only rroen min.
uir-.
il"uHcs were blown from their
foundations ana pieces Of timber
wcto driven through tho walls of
"thcre. Indications in wooded aud
unpopu'atrd sections To tho chat led
10 The belief that the town was only
80 ~" nu'cr border of tho storms
path
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11
Crushed Rock on streets.

spaciai 10 rnr World.
ATOKA May 10.-The city ad-
minisiration has Just compile cd
paving 80 blocks with crushed rock.
About 20 more blocks OF streets VIII
be paved during the summer. II
Mayor Williamson can place the
honda
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11

MAJESTIC. Lying idps the .sp",in,. ,.e
~ the silver sheet fhomHs " Inre
Topits Ut the Day Musir by AHJesNp
orchestra and ofEan.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-05-11

Specials in White Goods
36-inch Our Best Quality Biucbird OOo
Nansook, fine quality; special . ACN
36-inch Daisy Muslin. excellent 1En
quality no dressing; special 49,. lCC
8-tnch white Shirting Madras, In EOn
good quality; special ........,... CCN
38.Inch Fancy white Wolfe, in hOo
pretty stripes and checks; special fOC
| 3s-Inch Fancy Imported White i co
Organdy, in stripes. checks; special lsOC
3G-Inch Ionrcioth. 10-yard bolts 4 co
chamois finish; bolt special. ...... lsUO
| 38-Inch Nainsook. lloyd. bolts. fine . az
sheer quality; bolt, special ...... LsCO
36-lnrh Fancy Lace Noics. In many I m
/ pretty patterns yard, special. lsUU
Second Floor
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-07-19

cation, dress and q social talent are
not qualities necessary to q good
husband. A very bad man could be
blessed with all three.
II you think it best to return
home. by all means do so.
Dear Mrs. Thompson: am
deeply in love with a young man.
He is awfully good to me- and / be-
lieve he would do anything for me.
But sometimes | feel as IL he did
not care as much for me as he
ought to. What can | do to make
his love seem stronger? -
l am with him nearly all the
time. He is a rather quiet man.
He says he IS very lonesome when
l am not near. He shows he thinks
a good deal OF me wherever we are.
| do not so with any one else. He
is very jealous of me- l am jeaI-
Gus of him, too, but do not cause
him any trouble by Il. 1T.
/ think you should be satisfied
with the love the man is giving you
1t may not be a burning fame, but
it seems to be steadfast To try to
hurry a man who is deliberate in
his decisions would defeat your
purpose.
Dear Mrs. Thompson: Are or
candle hats the latest thing?
MISS SUMMER.
Organize hats are worn a great
deal. Satin hats are in better
vogue, however.
The Rock Island Argus and daily union. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1920-1923, 1921-07-19
ANNAWAN

Annawan, ILL.,, July 19.-Samuel
Pont, president of the State bank OF
Annawan, and family returned
from brief visit in Chicago. They
made the trip in MIR. Points car.
Miss Inez Holzinger is having 4
two weeks vacation. She will
spend most of it at Hooppole.
Herbert Holtzinger is spending
his vacation visiting relatives at
Centerville. Iowa. He made the
trip by auto, driving there with his
grandfather, W. H. Biggs.
John Hyson spent the week end
visiting friends at Peoria.
George Maxfield has finished his
work for Emory Cullers. He has
moved just across the road anC
gone to work for John Lempke
Supervisor Louis NJ Hay and
Wendell J. Mumford spent Sunday
with the Annawan campers north of
GeTeseo.
Miss Alice DeRycke is visiting
her brother, Frank UaRycke, at
Sheffield.
Miss Anne Mclaughlin has a po-
sition with the Household Journal
company of Batavia, Ill.
Lou Runnels was a guest of the
Annawan camp on Rock River Sun
day.
On account of the heat, the at
tendance at the Red Cross lecture
on nursing. Saturday, was light.
The next lecture will be given next