Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1921-12-07
Fight IN IRELAND
LASTED 75D YEARS
Conflict Dates Back to Twelfth
Century, When Strongbow
Invaded Island
WOULD NOT BE CONQUERED

mutually agreeable baStS Tor peace
they wrote the final chapter in the his
tory of a struggle that has endured
seven and half centuries.
The first break between the English
and Irish people came with the invasion
popularly accredited to Str"nCbow. heir
to the Earldom Of Pembroke and i"g'
of Henry II Of England. in the twelfth
century. 1t is also given MS truth in
histories. principally British. that
Nicholas Brcakspcar. or Adrian ". tn"
only Englishmnn to become Pope of
Rome, sent Henry n bull empowering
him to take possession of Ireland.
AS consequence of this. Henry
dispatched force of Anglo. Normans
under Diarmid MncMurrnghn. the 70"
of King Rurie O'Connor. and that thu
invaders took Dublin and other places
Upon this victory. the historians say,
Strongbow, one of the English officers
under Diarmid. married Diarnid :
daughter and assumed the throne of
Leinster uron his father in law ;
death in I'LL. After all this. Horny
is said to have gone to Ireland. fur
thered the conquest. established Dub
iii y NSllP NS INV NN'Nl VI lllN'l WV
ernment, and gave Dublin to the Citt-
gems of Bristol. Rurir Ofonn0r held
out for n long time and Henry ncgo-
tiated with him, but he finally retired
to monastery in l1S3. and Ireland
became the land Of tragedy.
Ireland. however. refused to be con-
quered or to surrender her nationality.
One after another lea lCrs arose. fought
and fell for the cause of tn" Irish pcO-
pie. VIII rsa solidarity nothing could
Ercak. One of the first Of these fearless
champions If the rights VI tn" people
was Henry Grattan, who in 1882 was
the soul and spirit of the Irish PIrlia
ment in that year. Against every odds
he fought for Irish nationality. and his
address at the closing sCssion-prcCCd-
ing the enforcement Of the Act OF
Union, the enactment Of which. ac-
cording 70 Mr.. Gladstone. was one O
the b'ackeSt pages in British history
lives In Ireland as one of the most pa
triotic OratiOnH.
SNme Picturesque Leaders
Lord Edward Fitzgerald was one o
the most picturesque figures in tn
history of the movement that led to tn
Revolution of 179N n revolution AlmoS
entirely directed by Professionals. An
other was Robert Emmct. Ireland
most beloved hero. who sleeps today il
an unknown grave. Young, brillian
and courageous. lie erased his nam
from the lists of Trinity College il
17OS as protest against the inQuiSi
torial examination of the political view
of students and turned to political in
triguc. He Travelled over the continent
enlisted the aid Of his fellow country
men who had been cxiIed. intcrviewc
Napoleon and returned to Ireland /
1892 with plans for another armed re
volt.
Owing to an unfortunate accidcn
the revolt failed and Emmct. bctrnye
by those in whom he had placed conf
dence. was forced into hiding. .AftC
months spent in dOdGing his foes. i
was captured. convicted of treason an
hanged September 20. 1903 In an clo
quent speech from the dock he requcste
that no cpitaph be written upon h
tombstone until Ireland was free" IT
the location of his grave is a mySter
that may never be solved. for the Brit
ish refused to make it known.
Theoba!d Wolf Tone. next to En-
met. is probably one Of tn" most r'
mantle of Irish historical figures. |
was born in Dublin in 1863. He bcrau
early attached 10 the Young Irish rcvC
lutionaricS and in lT95 wrote the orig
inal declaration of the United lriShm'
Society. \ year later he went to Pari
where he obtained the consent of 4
French Republic to send nm expedite
to Ireland under General IlOChe, he
of Dunkirk.
Tone was attached to the expedite
as chef de brigade. but the "ntrrpris
afterward known as "Thr Expedite
Of Bantry lay" was dismal fnilur
and Tone vas captured. 1t Is said
committed suicide while in custody
the British awaiting trial.
O'ConnelI, "the Great Liferator"
Other leaders arose. among whom "
Dnniel O'Conncll. the Great I.iber
tor" as he Is still known througho
Ireland. lie was the father of the mt
corn law movement. lie suffered impri
onment and frequent humiliation for
brilliant advocacy for the relief of
countrymen. and his career Spanned
period of enormous suffering among t
Irish, not the least of which was
great famine IN which hundreds of tho
sands perished.
Millions of Irishmcn in the course
twenty years fled the country to
four corners of the earth. Ruin "
everywhere. "Now for the first time
600 years" said the Times, "Engla
has ireland nt her mercy and can d
with her as she pcases.
m r3ut thirty years after O'COnn,
NJ iell took up his work. The La
I&ttue had been formed by Mich
DaSitt to relieve distress and fight
tenants rights. parncll used the La
II League to strengthen the National
II movement. and in his fight he held
'I people as no other man had done,
N even O'Conncll Parnell fought in
British Parliament against every 60
iii cion act proposed by the GOvcrnmC
III was suspended and accused, by
WI forgery later proven, of instigat
murder and outrage.
vi BY chosen policy satisfied with
ik practical independence within the 81
81 ish Empire provided by Mr.. Gil
.F stones i'll fatPd Home Rule bills
1856 and 1893, Parnel, ncvcrthel
VA yns convinced that ''nO man can
th limits to the onward march of n
IN tion." The fight of Parncl and Gil
Az Stone was followed with great intc
In the United States.
h After all has been said of the
sN who have borne the brunt of lrclal
if hattle, II Is undeniubly true that Il
has won the hearts of the Irish pc
M as aye the young leaders who Spran
5e power in 1916. with the rebellion
Easter week, of whom the outStan'
living member is EAmon dc Nnl"l
Griffith, Collins and Barton. In
IH hands and those of their colleague
Az the Dali Eireann rests the future
the land that would not be and has
&if been conquered.
Then, Just rs the Sim Fem d
gates were preparing to leave Lon