davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

and provokes pestilence and death. The
populace have been instructed not to drink
of il and have no means Of boiling the
water, in the absence of any sort of fuel.
CONGREGATIONS have denuded the forests Of
northern Russia and Siberia, and bear,
deer and other food animals have been
drivenf away.
The volga, affectionately called Little
Mother volga," the gigantic waterway of
Russia; 1900 miles long. sometimes eleven
miles wide; draining a country three times
the size of France, with delta Of seventy
two miles. is the stream the water of
which is fast being evaporated and now so
polluted as to be unfit to drink. Our great
Hudson is a babbling brook in comparison.
The famous "black earth" districts. the
most fertile agricultural portion OF the
Empire, IL not of the world, have been re
peatedly visited by famine. succession
of bad harvests has been more disastrous
to Russia than to other countries, except
ing possibly China, and IL Is in those
fertile districts that the worst famnes oc-
mr.
The very word Siberia has Justly become
synonymous with land OF intense cold
But IL is also land Of intense heat,
which at times Is more insufferable than an
equal degree Of heat at several ATTITUDES
further south The heat in northern Rus.
sia and Siberia does not prevail long after
the first Of September and cool days reach
southern Russia by the first OF October and
about one month later the mercury ceases
to rise above the freezing point.
China has undergone the trials of famine
and pestilence since long before Christ.
Those calamities in that country are not
so much due to climate and atmospheric
conditions as to absence Of sanitation.
While they may be augmented by heat
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

from more southerly climes must pass over
her territory toward the relative atmo-
spheric vacuums that linger over her bare
northern spaces.
The Russian Empire in eastern Europe
and northern Asia covers an area exceed
ing S,500,000 square miles, or one-sixth of
the land surface of the globe. 1t is mostly
confined to the cold temperate zones. The
climate of Russia presents a striking uni
formity: the dry, southeast winds extend
over immense spaces of fiat plains. Warm
weather sets in definitely in June, gener-
ally reaching a maximum temperature in
July and near the Black Sea in August.
The summers are much warmer than in
corresponding latitudes of the western
countries of Europe, and periods Of extreme
heat, such as have just been experienced,
are quite uncomfortable.
The steppes are very fertile plateau land.
intersected by numerous ravines and fur
nish pasture for cattle and sheep. but for
the past two months those waterways have
been dry. Over those broad plains Of thou
sands of square miles, which are ex-
tremely productive in seasonable weather,
is now only black earth and desolation.
There is no breeze. the air is dry and
sitting; even the hardy Russian must sue
cumb to its deadening influence. IL is not
a case of the survival OF the fittest, but OF
water and food. They who have IL will
survive; the others will die. In the in
tense heat an infinite silence broods over
the land and permeates the human with
terror. IL is unsafe to venture abroad i'm
search of necessities. Suicide is prefer
able to slow starvation, and is being
adopted. No animals are visible; all
donkeys and horses have been eaten. No
water Is to be found, except in the last
dregs of the Volga, and that is polluted
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

hibited On July 10 the official tempera-
ture at Paris touched 99.5 degrees, the
highest official record for fortytwo years.
That temperature, attended by high humid
ity and absence of appreciable breeze,
caused intense suffering. For many days
it was actually dangerous to venture into
the sun and many prostrations were re-
ported.
The Agricultural Department Of France
reported pasturage burned corn the only
good crop, and all other vegetation in bad
condition; crops extremely short and prod
ucts expensive. The drought covered all of
France and at that time DC rain had fallen
since the 22d of May, ana Fat was merely
shower All wells and Waterways were
becoming dry and drinking water was at a
premium. Sufferings OF live stock, COM
bined with the shortage Of vegetable prod
ucts and their high prices, caused cattle to
be rushed to market to be sold at any
price, but even those sacrifices did not
deter the upward swing of prices upon all
food products, including meat.
Mr.. Henningsen, vice-Consul for Den
mark at New York, who has just returned
from his country, says. 81 left Denmark
three weeks ago, after having experienced
some of the heat anf drought. Things were
in bad condition and have been for some
time but before | Ivrt a good supply of
rain came and saved the crops and re-
plenished the wells. Fortunately. Denmark
has a very rich soil and recovered very
quickly. Jutland was seriously affected by
drought and needed rain very badly The
light, sandy soil there does not retain the
moisture. Water was very scarce and every
thing was drying up"
1t has been learned from competent an.
thority that Switzerland has suffered very
seriously. The drought began there in Nav
and since then only few showers have
occurred. Extreme heat has been constant
many streams and wells have given out and
1t was difficult to obtain sufficient water
for household purposes. The relative lack
of water in the mountains OF Switzerland
and Italy has driven vipers from their
hiding places and they infest the roadways
and villages, and make it rather necessary
to watch ones step. From Zermatt Swift
zerland, comes the news that never before
have there been more accidents among the
climbers, and the reason is attributed to
the relatively high temperatures, which
have caused snow bridges to melt and be-
come unsafe, and developed dangerous
crevasses among the glaciers, and, OF
course, the heat of other lands has sent
more tourists to meet the accidents. AL
pine lakes have dried to the extent that the
foundations of certain houses, laid some
1000 years ago. have been exposed and
found to be in perfect preservation.
Paris press dispatches indicate that Hun
gary suffers from both heat and drought;
that temperatures Of 100 degrees have oc-
Cured at many places, accompanied by
high humidity, and that all industry has
been impeded.
Mr. r. Munk, secretary to the Norwegian
Consul at New York. says while Norway
has been very hot, the crops were not
much affected. II will be a medium year:
we have plenty of water, but we need -four
and sugar"
Great Britain has had its full share of
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

in the hands of the Bolshevists and it ia
they who insist upon dispensing what may
be donated. Therefore, as Captain Emmett
Fitzpatrick says. IF America starts reiev-
ing the Russians, | hope IL will watch the
food go down the throats of the hungry,
otherwise the Communists will be the only
ones provided for. Already the Soviet is
sending out propaganda urging that only
the fit should get food. All others must
die"
Commenting on this subject, a vice-Con-
sui said. THE Bolshevists took all the
produce from the farmers last year; so this
year they planted only enough for their
own use and that is gone. The supplies
that are sent by America will be delivered
to the Bolshevists and the sufferers will
have a hard time getting any. The cities
are always in want"
The Bolshevik newspapers admit the de-
plorabe condition OF the railways and say.
This disorganizaton OF the railway traffic
has become worse. despite efforts OF the
Soviet Government to alleviate 1t. They
further admit that the famine may be even
worse than in previous years Of Bolshevist
regime"
iHe must uihi0uit piOoiem 10 De SolVed ID
not the furnishing but the delivery of food
to the starving II will require great in
genuity to get IL beyond the hands Of the
Bolshevist. Mr.. Hoover and his skilled
organization will find great difficulty in
following the delivery of supplies, regard.
less Of any understanding or agreement
with the Soviet Government Most OF the
famine stricken are in the heart OF Russia
and under the present deplorable trans
portation facilities 1t would take from three
to four weeks to reach them. Cold weather
will be at hand long before the survivors
can possibly be succored.
The New York herald., 1921-09-04
Even Moist England
Has Shortage of Pot
able w ater, but
Scandinavia and
Germany Get Wei
come Rain in Time
to Save Their Crops

waves and aridity, those are not the pri-
mary causes, for unusual atmospheric condi-
tions do not occur at such regular intervals
as do the periods of scourge of one sort or
another. 1t is possibly true that some
parts of China are in great distress and
urgently in need of food at the present
time, but the recent hot wave over Europe
and the East is not the cause of their
suffering
Poland seems to have been well cared for
by the elements and to have escaped the
devastation suffered by her neighbors. She
seems to possess a sufficiency of essentials,
and thereby presents to the hordes of
starving Russians a most attractive forag-
ing ground for those bare necessities of
which they have been deprived through no
fault of their own. Thousands of the starv-
ing from the Volga districts are already
migrating southwark on foot. Commander
John j. London. U. S. NJ, OF the cruiser
ST. Louis, is reported to have said that the
fleet of seven destroyers was kept busy
caring for refugees coming from the Black
Sea ports. He described the condition OF
the 10000 Russian refugees in CONSTANT
nople as pitiable.
The health situation, as reported by Mrs.
Harrison and others, is distressing. Chol-
era is reaping a rich harvest along the
Volga and in remote districts. Reports
state that it is spreading throughout Rus
sia. Petrograd denies the presence of cases
of cholera in the city, but Moscow ac-
knowledges many. The health department
is embarrassed by limited means of trans
portation. More than $4,000 cases had been
reported up to July 81 The health d.
partment has started system of compul-
sorry incubation in the hope Of retarding
the spread of the disease. Typhus has been
mentioned as a menace that is probable
with the approach Of cold weather
1t is well known that the transportation
facilities of Russia are at their Lowest eff
cheney. Railways are very nearly useless,
and other means are inadequate; all are
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

heat and drought; no rain has fallen for
one hundred days or more and it's greatest
dread is of a water famine, which up to
this writing was fast approaching. Only
heavy rains can prevent great suffering.
England is now on water ration. 1t is
being sold by the bucket by those fortunate
enough to have a well sufficiently deep.
Many wells have already become exhausted
and deeper shafts are being sunk. Inhabi-
tants along the River Shannon in Ireland
are paying one cent bucket for water and
travelling long distances to get it.
Col. ]. B. p. Karslake, chairman of the
Metropolitan Water Board of London, says:
"The water in the Thames and Lea rivers
is likely to diminish further before it re-
covers and the depleted reservoirs are re-
plenished. Both rivers are very much
below normal, particularly the Lea. The
boards present abstraction from the
Thames amounts to about 165,000,000 gal
Ions per day. This exceeds the boards
statutory right by 3500O,0OO gallons. The
storage supplies are becoming seriously af-
fected. Their yields have fallen off con-
siderably."
Surrey, England, reports all vegetation,
except roses, burned up.
The agricultural correspondent to the
London Times says Great Britain is ex-
periencing what the older among US say
resembles the memorable 1868. There has
been nothing comparable with 1t since that
year. unless possibly 1893 and 1911. The
contention is warranted up to point, but
inquiries in an extreme season like this
bring out the limitations Of human effort
to overcome natural imperfections or infu-
ences."
The New York herald., 1921-09-04
Serious Results in
England and on Continent

A London medical correspondent advises
that all water be boiled. "as drought is hav
ing its effect on sanitation" Deaths, at
from many places: cattle are suffering.
heath fires have been started and water
from the villages in the valleys is being
carted and sold. Drinking water on the
Yorkshire wolds is practically exhausted.
Northamptonshire farmers report their
barley to be a complete failure and the
farmers OF Kent are cutting theirs for hay.
All crops are very poor. In London fines
are being imposed for wasting water.
During the early period of the heat wave
Germany was seriously affected, but good
supply of rain has revived the crops in that
country. Austria has suffered, but to what
extent cannot be learned.
The most reliable information upon at.
mospheric conditions over Europe is fur
nished by the maps issued by the London
Meteorological Service, which show that
nearly all Of the low pressure areas that
have crossed Europe during the past few
months have followed more northern paral-
lels than has been customary. Some of the
centres OF depression have been well within
the Arctic Circle and. lacking defination
and vigor. have remained practically mo.
tonless over northern Russia and Siberia
Low pressure areas are, as a general rule,
ways, but lose their energy over dry
plains For that reason Russia Is pecu-
liarly subject to drought, for the warm air
The New York herald., 1921-09-04
Areas of Low Pressure
Caused JuIy's Discomfort

Those depressions passed over the At
lantic, became ladened with moisture and
their approximate centres entered Europe
over the Scandinavian Peninsula. The heat
which has been intense in Great Britain and
practically all Of Europe, has been ac-
companied in western parts by high hui
midity and the same sluggish atmospheric
conditions that have been notable in this
country. The low areas Jagged in their
progress across northern Europe, con-
stantly drawing heat into the central por-
tions, from Norway eastward to Siberia.
Had these atmospheric depressions been
normally active. the heat waves would have
come at intervals; instead, each depres-
sion overlapped the preceding one and
maintained steady flow Of southerly and
southeasterly winds, which caused the heat
to be as great I'm northern as in more south
erly parts The vast plains of Russia are
storehouses Of heat and so far as temper
ature Is concerned, compare favorably with
our Mojave desert where summer temper
atures, in the sun, range from 125 to $50
degrees.
Great Britain, France and Russia seem
to have been the greatest sufferers In
those countries the heat and drought were
greater than any experienced during the
past forty years. In France the heat was
so intense during most Of July that much
business was suspended On the 14th of
July, the national holiday, il was so hot
that all parades. outdoor festivities and
sports We're, by an act Of the Senate, pro-
The New York herald., 1921-09-04
Immense Areas, Usu-
ally Fertile, Dried
Up in Europe and
Asia, and Famine
Stalks Helpless Peo-
ple--- Our Own Crops
Damaged
BY E. B. "FARMER" DUNN,
Author of "The Weather and How to
Forecast It."

Forecast It."
s" w T HEN the south wind blew
w softly" there came blister
ing whitening heat, carrying
on its wings famine pestilence and death
to an already afflicted people.
The great heat wave, which has spread
over the world during the present summer,
has no parallel in history. There have
been hot waves; there have been famines;
there have been pestlences, at various
times and in many places, but none so
blighting and terrible as this. Abnormally
high temperatures have prevailed in almost
all parts of the northern hemisphere and
have continued for an unprecedented
length of time
The burning rays of the sun caused a
dry, blistering heat in some sections; while
in others-where extreme heat was accom-
panied by high humidity-human suffering
has been great. Dry heat burns and with
ers. Moist heat kills.
The New York herald., 1921-09-04
Where Heat Waves Grow
And How They Travel

The great scorching heat waves of our
Western States are known as the Chi
nook" in Mediterranean countries as the
"Sirocco" and in Russia as the "Buran."
These waves" are accompaniments of
areas of low atmospheric pressure, and
while, very often, their origin and effect
may be relatively local, they can generally
be traced, from a beginning in the Pacific
Ocean to the south of Japan and Corea,
eastward along our northern border, across
northern sections of Europe and until they
are lost in China and Siberia.
These low pressure areas are known as
"cyclonic disturbances" and, when they
have developed in magnitude and force, as
cyclones" In other words, all storms, big
or little, are areas of relatively low pres
sure, and, therefore, potential cyclones. In
summer they are generally expansive and
move sluggishly eastward without very ap-
preciable rotary or progressive force. They
might then be well termed atmospheric
drones. To the southwark of their paths
the winds are mostly light south and south
easterly and they often linger for days over
a given section, drawing toward their GEN.
tres vast amounts of warm air; dry warm
air from bodies of water and along the
sea coasts.
The hot waves that have passed over this
country during the past two months have
not raised temperatures to previously es-
tablished records, but they have fingered
and in their lingering have parched the
Central States to the very great damage of
wheat, corn and other crops, and long
periods of heat and high humidity have
caused many casualties in the Atlantic
States. According to a report issued by
the Department of Agriculture, there was
a decline from the estimated value of sum-
mer crops represented by a quarter of
billion dollars. Wheat alone was 81, ,000, 900
bushels short of estimated production. AL
most every crop was adversely affected by
constantly high temperatures and absence
of rain. Little rain fell in any of the Gen.
trail or Western States, and in Montana
parts of North Dakota, Illinois, Missouri
and other Central States almost drought
prevailed.
The condition has been due to the un-
usual frequency of the passage of areas of
low pressure across our northern tier of
States or couthern Canada. They have pro-
ceeded in almost constant succession and
xheir progress has been comparatively slow
The New York herald., 1921-09-04

Dotted line shows southern limit shaded part within

immense by hot
the hows Russas famine lions face Death
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04
SOCIAL SERVICE WORK
AT BLACK MOUNT AIN
DIV Associateo Press)

Black Moutain. Ky. Jan. -
standing i'll a valley between two
peaks of Black Mountain. just
five miles from the Virginia Ken
lucky border, this mining town is
the center OF what bids fair to be-
come one Of the most important
movements that follow intensive
industrial development. This
work is the welfare. or social ser
vice work. being carried on by
lchurches. state and companies
that are responsible for the
springlng up of these industrial
camps in the kentucky noun
tains.
The work in this section to a
large extent, is being conducted
! directly by Mrs. Ollie G.. Raglan.
fWllc of the superintendent Of the
Southeastern district OF the Ken
Itucky Methodist conference I'M
der the direction of her husband
It Is Il part of the church program
! Tor the district although commune
lily ccnters and buildings, toeeth-
or with the salaries of the welfare
workers and part OF the salaries
'Gi pastors OF the churches are
paid by the companies.
The Black Mountain center.
while only six months old. has be-
come Il big institution III this
community Of 2,0O0 persons and
similar programs soon are expect
cd tn-hc put on in II least ten 9TH
or mining towns. \ survey made
by REV. Raglan and the Inter
church World Movement last
year showed that there were 70
Imlnes Ill this vicinity only y Of
which had religious and social
service workers.
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04

about ten miles east oi Louisville.
This home wifi be sufficiently
large and we'll equipped TO accom-
mOdate all the lituc suffering
walls for whom no provision is
made now. The present quarters
OF the Society i'll Louisville are
terribly crowded and i'll equipped
which makes it imperative TO
move into more suitable buildings
at an early date if the work of the
is to be carried ON eff
cie1itly.
Every county in the state is ask
Jed to help, bat thus lar Madison
has done very LITTLE. She has 4
quota Of $1,000 and have raised
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04

during the year. according to
Albert l.. IcrstcgSe, OF this city.
one Of the organizers Of the club.
The chief purpose OF the meet
ing according to Mr.. Ter,tcggc'
will be TO elect officers and 4
board OF directors and ~ adopt
bylaws. While the Motor Club
will work for bcttrrmcnt of the
various conditions affecting mo-
torist its chief object, he said.
will be better roads for Kentucky
The club already has been incOr-
poratcd and annual meetings will
be held in November.
Mr.. TerstcGge, who is Il dircc-
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04

tor of the Louisville Automobile
Association, said that the tcntu-
tive working plan called for a
committee for each congressional
district, with county committee,
to do local work. The club Will
not replace the louisville organ
lzatiOn which now has $500 mem
bcrs but the two organizations
work III cooperation.
Many applications for member
ship have already been received,
the first coming from Robert +.
Grove, OF Lagrange. former
speaker Of the House of Repre-
sCntativcN.
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04
During the holiday sea

S254I9. During the holiday sea
son and before. many have been
moved to give generously to the
suffering children OF Europe. Is
1T not equally her duty to relieve
suffering humanity in our own
state, her own country? Sixty
two homeless. starving children
from Madison county have been
rescued by the Kentucky Child
rcn's Home Society since its or
ganizatiOn in 1905. Tlrr have
been provided with good. lnm-
Portable lines and. MANY o. c!.,
v It'll h.1d foster parents. vi Of
them lave ''cen rear: Cuucr The
supervision OF the society until
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04
HERE: ASKING AID
FOR HOMELESS WAITS

The Kentucky Childrcn'S Home
Society. the only institution i'll the
state which gives homes to desti-
tue children from every part of
Kentucky, has a representative.
Miss Ida Cnzart. of Louisville
here this week working III the in
tcrcst OF the New Home Ruilding
Fund. The socicty-is engaged in
4 statewide campaign to raise
money necessary inr building Il
village ut. cottages on 1arm
Richmond daily register. (Richmond, Madison County, Ky.) 1917-1978, 1921-01-04
KENTUCKY MOTOR CLUB
TO Be ORGANIZED
Oiy Associated rress)

Louisville, Ny. Jan. with
the meeting here saturday OF au-
tumohilc and good roads enthus-
last, to organize the Kentucky
Motor Club. the drive OF road us
,crs Tor good roads in Kentucky is
eNpcctcd 10 gain added impetus.
The organizers plaa % make an
effort To obtain 5000 members