Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1921-05-23

YAK 49, &V0As SNHaS#., SDf II (. i4se.
rs II the entire audience had lost TT
reason. To such an extent was It put
under the spell OF. enthusiasm. The
resolution asking for universal con
sygtem Wa adopted. 4
German Inifaence.
The movement in Germany against
Napoleon had influenced Sverdrup and
Rein. Napoleon had huunbled Prus-
ga which had lost half Of its inhabi-
tAntS and it's entire army. But Fchle's
addresses In the Academy at Berlin
had brought, the Germans to their
senses. He had advocated in sioW-
ing language the necessity Of uni
versAl schooling and universal "A
%scrtption. Won Stein inaugurated self
government forhthe cities, and equal
ity before h Law. scharnhorW re-
organized the army. rejecting the mey-
cenary soldier the parade soldier, and
demanding competent field soldiers.
All this had led to Garmany's TAX
ing common cause with the Allies
against Napoleon who twas finally de-
feAted and obliged to withdraw from
Germany in 1873. What Germany
had accomplished In the face Of for
eign oppression was serving n An ex-
"Aa ~ N'i.VSAAh!to Ii AASS
had lost their Independence.
The Final Act Of the Assembly.
On May 18th the constitution was
written. and on the 18th Norway
elected its WI king. Christian Fred
ing; He wa happy and delivered an
address full Of. feeling. concluding
with the words God preserve old
Norway" r
|, May nth. the day Of the election
Of the king. was regarded ~ tho day
OF Norway's independence The king
took his oath two days later, and ap-
pointed his cabinet. Not long there
after the kingdom got its own su-
preme court. M the inner organ1za-
ton was complete.
Tho OonaprouAse.
England ,eympAthised for Norway
when It learned that it had received
a liberal constitution. Bnt this gym
way had elected the Danish prince.
Christian Frederic was not able to
open negotiations with the Allies. In
the meantinne the affairs Of France
we're approaching settlement. and the
pbwerS could give more attention to
the Norwegian question. Sweden vas
also pressing its claims to Norway,
WHICH, H&u OScN NcO 70 II.
"A. commission Of four men accord
tngly went to Norway to arrange mat
tiers. h members were at first Of
the opinion that the Eidsvold action
was the result Of the princes in
t%rigues". Rut they saon perceived
that The Opposition against being de-
livered to Sweden vas the opposition
Lof an entire people, A compromise
Twas proposed; h king should resign.
SNUAAiSh fHNoMa ohAn6A neNppN~ ~4Rna
fortress until the question Of union
was settled.
King Charles XIII. Of Sweden, had
In strong terms rejected the action OF
the Fidsvo'd assembly. He demand
ed the literal execution Of the KEEL
treaty. The compromise Of the COM
mission was thus turned down.
A war began between Norway and
Sweden. It did not last many days.
Charles Jo,an tBernadotte) was ex-
pecting ar easy victory oyer the Nor
wegians, but socn perceived that the
war would be a long drawn affair. He
therefore made the compromise Of
the commission his owr. August 14th
the treaty Of Mos. was signed: Car!
constitution: Christian Fredric prom
ised to a StoFthing (congress,
and to abdicAte. Swedish soldiers
should occupy some Of the fortresses.
The Norwegian people was highly
~astonished. it's soldiers were keenly
disa ppotnted. TG generals ac-
cu$ed of treason and h king heard
European situation that determined
The storthtne now began to neeo-
tate with the Swedish, king. October
10th, 1914 It resolved that Norway.
IA an Independent kingdom. should
be united with Sweden under the same
king. The changes in the constitution
necessary for uniting the two king
donns were made on November 4th.
On the same day Charles XIII OF
Sweden was elected king Of Norway
Carl Johan came to Norway and took
the oath of the king. promising 70
abide by h new constitution. After
the death of Charles XIII. Carl JohAn
IA crowned king Of Sweden and Nor
way.
The two kingdoms were on An
equality. But in reality Norway was
made to feel that it was j. state Of
subordinate rank. The wells OF official
dom increased, bureaucracy put. it's
stamp on everything. There was no
nobility to oppose it, and 70 organized
farmers Erou-> to fight it. The
farmers for a long time regarded the
Storthing as a new . :ency for the rule
VI hAAS H. toiEIbAAAcHt, "ATI = a
supplAnted mercantile class rule.
1895 Reaped Whist 1914 Sowed.
The years between 1874 and 1880
impress one as If something old is
going to pieces. Bitterness. disconr-
agement hecame the lot Of many.
Even Professor Sverurup wished that
he could flee to snme remote corner
to forget and be forgotten. He vas
loaded down with work at the new
university. His spirit. of opposition in
creased, he INDUCED in sarcasm and
p~aradoxes- Something sterile, bitter.
and ineffabfe. -.
In the course Of time, however. the
farmers came forth to claim their
rights and to champion enlighten-
ment. A new Norwegian culture and
literature arose. An army of creative
minds made Norway an independent
people. Hans Nielsen HanEe had raj
lied a. number Of people about him
self in combating sterile orthodoxy. A
number Of t~heoloEians and preachers
were preaching true liberty. A Skrefs-
rud. A, linsuist Of - languages went
to India to help it's people. Authors
like WergelAnd. WeIhaven. Bjornson.
Iheen. Garborg. Vinle. Lie. Kjelland.
were interpreters Of liberty. AsbJorn-
sen and Moe. prophets of Romantic
ism gathered the old Norwegian folk
stories. Bull. Kjeriuf, Grieg made
foreign countries acquainted with
-u~ ~lA>~--t r~A>