davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

He, however, stood at his post of duty
for over a quarter Of an hour, while his
eye was bleeding, and left the spot only
when he was relieved and felt that he
could not stand the pain any longer.
His wife. not daunted by the IN
jury received by her husband, is herself
thinking OF going on duty in response to
Mahatma Gandhi's appeal to the women OF
Guirat."
Holding that drinking Is more damna.
BILE than thieving and prostitution and
often II is the parent OF both" Mahatma
Candhi thus encourages the pickets:
"The pickets would welcome imprison-
ment and even be shot dead rather than
give up their adopted task. The liquor
shops must be closed even IL there are
rivers of blood by reason OF the pickets
not stopping at the Governments bidding.
would welcome death in the act Of pick.
citing rather than from disease And
have nd doubt there are many who are
prepared to do likewise"
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
BY MARY E. MALE.

~ UESTIONs of the adaptation of school
work to the child mind and as the
X deplorabe consequences Of cur
riculum too crowded and too advanced have
been so farreaching to affect gravely the
work even in our best colleges, the time is
ripe to seek remedy. 1t may be found in
the training given by our normal schools
in that particular branch of instruction.
Training for better results should begin
lust where we train our teachers how to
instruct others-in the normal schools Of
the country There is already in the normal
course OF our public school system some
work in the telling Of stories to young chill
dren. but not enough time is allowed for
the normal school pupil to become in way
mistress of the art of story telling. More
time allowed for work so interesting and
beneficial to children might crowd out formal
psychology and pedagogy and discussions on
abstruse questions in psychology.
Encouraged by the prevailing idea OF being
progressive and original, the normal school
pupil is likely to branch out too soon as
relator of original stories, in which she too
often loses the point and interest and be-
comes tiresome. II would be well TO plan
carefully a course in story telling to last
the normal work. to consist o.
the simplest short stories couched in the
simplest words
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
One Pupil in Fifty Knows
Meaning of Simple Poem

All careful. successful training takes
patience and time-much more time than
the officials, who have usually lost connec-
ton with the real child, can understand
consequently they plan courses OF study for
the super child, the abstract child that has
taken, In their mind the place OF tho con
cretion with which the teacher struggles
GIVE more time for the work in the grades
then watch the results The teacher viii
develop thinkers. not puppets with express
sionless faces. dummies showing no enjoy
ment Of the authors humor or wit, autom-
atoms exhibiting no enthusiasm when heroic
deeds or exalted thoughts are placed before
them in story or in song.
Some years ago in a seventh grade reader
was the poem "Carcasonne." BY Gustave
Naudeau. The story was Of a man so years
old who had always longed To visit Car
casonne lie complained that his wife had
been TO Narbonne and that his grandson had
been 70 Perpignan, but that ne had never
been TO Carcasonne friend who heard
his sorrowfu words said: "I'll take you to
Carcasonne Tomorrow" The old man died
that night The poem winds up with the
line who has not known a Carcasonne?"
In response TO the question who can tell
the meaning Of that last line?" various abb
surd guesscs were made but one little girl
ventured tmidly. II think Il means who
hasn't wanted something he didn't get?'-
But one pupil in class Of nifty was able
20 get the meaning Of i poem selected for
tho grade, That poem. "Carcasonne." The
Chamhered Nautilus" Frozen Words 'The
Influence Of "-Macaulay-which be-
gins by talking about the "subtleties OK dis
quisiton." and other selections equally edi-
Tying, had been chosen for critical analysis
by children in the seventh grade!
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Teaching by Stories
Helpful to English

grades. the stories in prose and the poems
read being selected for their adaptabiity to
the condition and need of the pupil. The
literature for the children should be chosen
also with the aim Of arousing interest In the
child and leading him to interpret for him
self. Some Of the stories used now in the
grammar grades are good and are adapted
to the grasp Of the child; but most of them
are full Of illusions requiring so much time
to look them up that most of the pupils
give up the work in despair
Too much stress cannot be placed upon
the study of words. Their meaning. when
they are used singly or in groups. should be
discussed freely and should lead up to the
meaning Of sentences. Pupils should never
be allowed to guess at the definition of a
word; there are dictionaries furnished in
the schools to supply them. Most pupils
are fond of making up definitions OF
words as they are OF composing facts in
history; and teachers Of history can bear
witness to the number of unrecorded facts
CLEANED from their classes.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Nagpur Incident of Arrest
Brings Matter to Fore

This entire question was brought to the
foreground by the Nagpur incident last
March, when the British arrested DR..
Cholkar served notice on DR.. Paranjpe,
prohibited all public meetings in connec-
iion with the prohibition movement and
then opened fire on the people and killed
and wounded about dozen. The attitude
OF the Government revealed itself in the
order served on DR.. Paranjpe by the British
thus in part:
Whereas IL has been made to appear
10 me that movement has been started in
Nagpur recently, ostensibly in favor OF
temperance but in reality with the object
Of embarrassing the Government by caus-
ing the sales Of liquor to drop, with re-
sultant loss Of revenue and by causing the
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
GANDHIS DRY WAVE CRUSADE ENGULFS ALI

fell from 500 gallons day to only 40
gallons.
Calcutta, the former capital of British
India, is notorious for it's plentude OF
saloons, and there is so much intemper
ance that in 1919-2O there were 1928 con
victions for drunkenness. The BengdIee OF
Calcutta is bitterly opposed to Gandhism
and still is constrained to write.
"One gratifying feature of the present
situation is the campaign that is beins
carried on with remarkable success against
the sale of liquor. For some time past
strange sight has been witnessed in Cal
cutta of liquor shops, usually crowded and
full of hellsh noise, being practically
deserted and hushed in silence. Outside
the shop people are seen gathered together
to mark their disapprobation of the con
duct of anybody who dared cross the
threshold.
so strong is the force of public opinion
that drunkards, usually regarded as dead
to all healthy influences, have quailed be
for 1t. Not only in Calcutta but
even in the areas inhabited by the labor
ing population the same phenomenon ID
witnessed to-day"
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Reading of Suitable Fiction
Suggested for High Schools

For high school pupils let the work OF
reading suitable fiction and poems and easy
essays continue; keep up the retelling OF
what has been read develop the power OF
Interpretation BY daily work ia studying the
meaning and use OF words, ana train the
older pupils further by teaching them to
sum up not only paragraphs but chapters
70 get at the purpose running through n
novel; In short TO interpret literature a.
II nterprets life."
Teachers In our schools to-day who have
as an objective mental development instead
Of tho completion of certain number of
textbooks not understood by those "com-
pleting" them, who arc laboring 10 instruct
their pupils to understand the gospel OF in
telligent, digent study. are carrying out the
highest mission of life.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
No Bidders for Licenses
Because of Ostracisn

In many centres the Government officers
cannot find bidders for licenses, even
though such auctions may be attended by
hundreds of people. In the little vii.
lage of Jandiala. in the Punjab the Gov
ernment succeeded in selling a liquor shop
license. The villagers called a mass meet.
ing and decided not to let the license
holder have house to open his saloon in
The license had to be cancelled, and jan
diala still remains dry.
1t must be admitted in all sincerity that
social ostracism is playing a prominent
part in the meteoric success OF the move
ment. The drunkard is boycotted on all
sides. His castemen refuse to have any
social intercourse with him, BARRIERS, wash
erwomen and priests refuse to work for
him. Grocers and other merchants refuse
to sell him goods. His wife refuses to
have anything to do with him. Cornered
in such critical way the drunkard yields.
The British Raj calls him coward but
India cries.
"Gandhi Mahardj XII Jai' (victory to
Maharaj Gandhi).
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Plan of Telling Stories
Advocated for Good Results

The normal graduate must tell, not read,
the stories selected. She thereby arouses in
terest by establishing current of COM
municatIon between herself and her pupils
that reading cannot accomplish. In order to
accomplish her object she must not make
the fatal mistake Of thinking It unnecessary
TO repeat a story. Repetition Is the very
heart of teaching. The teacher must not
fear becoming tresome, but must return to
the same story again and again she must
also have the rctelling done by the children.
especially when they indicate desire 10
do so And there Is where her most delicate
work comes the sympathetic work that
brings out all that Is best In a child. She
must never by look or action discourage n
child when he is attempting 10 express
himself but must assist him to tell what he
has in mind.
There must be correction Of errors by
teacher and pupils; there must be questions
on the meaning OF words; there must be in
quries to discover whether or not the story
is understood. as exactness IN knowledge
should begin with first lessons. And. as i'm
portant ss anything else perhaps most i'm
portant OF all, 1here must be plenty OF time
allotted to this work, time for the stories for
the questions and their answers, and for the
various comments to sink into the chidren's
consciousness: time for all 10 be pondered
over and reproduced with the thoughts OF the
pupils themselves added
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

often brutaliy assaulted by the saloon
keepers and their friends the policemen.
They are stoned with brickbats, pelted
with rotten eggs and beaten with bamboo
sticks. Many a brandy bottle has been
broken on their heads. Enkempt and In
jured, they still cling to the faith they
profess.
Recently Mr.. v. A. Desai, captain OF
the National Volunteers OF Bombay, was
assaulted by a saloonkeeper. Several hun
dred angry citizens of Bombay threatened
to tear the saloonkeeper to pieces but. said
Deshabandhu Desai:
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

liquor contractors to avoid taking up ex-
else shops in the future" &c.
DR.. Paranjpe replied by saying that he
was simply engaged in the work of self
publication by non-drinking, and that he
was thus doing a thing which the Govern
ment should do. So he should not be re-
strained in his activities.
Serious Riots Followed
With Killings at Dharwar
Serious riots have occurred in different
cities owing to the national volunteers
picketing the liquor shops At Dharwar.
near Bombay peaceful pickets we're killed
and wounded by the British police. Dhar-
war has been called the "Amritsar of the
SOUTH 1t seemed for a moment that
even Gandhi was about to lose his temper
over the Dharwar incident.
The pickets are the soul of this pro-
hibition movement. They are chosen after
6. severe test. They must be cool headed
They should not retaliate They should
be absolutely fearless Such. indeed, is
the severity of the test that up to the end
OF June last 500 volunteers in the city OF
Bombay alone were on the waiting list In
Ahmedabad, the home city of Mahatma
Gandhi, where this movement is under the
guidance Of Deshabandhu Divan, the
eminent educator, and his compatriots the
pickets accept the following instructions
as creed OF faith before they begin to
work.
THE volunteer shall never approach
within ten feet Of the liquor shop he shall
never approach a man going out OF
liquor shop he shall strictly avoid the use
of Incorporate or discourteous language
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

and always take care that he never touches
the person Of any one; he shall offer him
self.up for arrest Immediately he is sought
to be arrested; he shall. under no provo
deed"
The picket generally works from $50
P. M. to $50 p. NJ. When a customer is
about to enter saloon the picket in the
name of his religion and country asks him
not to drink. In many places the pickets
carry bottles of milk and offer the thirsty
men free milk to drink.
If the customer still persists the picket
falls on his knees and begs him not TO
drink the poison that is sapping the
vitality of body mind and soul OF the
nation itselfr
These National Volunteers are quite
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
POINTS OF INTEREST IN INDIA.

birthplace of Mahatma Gandhi.
2-Gandhi was educated here.
3-Gandhis headquarters, where Con-
gress meets in December.
4-Where the prohibition wave began
Cured.
6-Where the Moplahs first appeared.
S-Holy city of the Hindoos.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Moving Picture Education idea
Developed by the Present Writer

All through the primary grades. when
habits of study and thought are forming.
time must be allowed for the eradication OF
bad habits and for the formation Of good
cnes The turning OF a crank by some one
who has lost all connection with the child
mind, the moving picture style Of education
current to-day. must be stopped.
The same method or telling and reteling
stories should be pursued in the grammar
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Non Violence the Creed:
So Attacked Ones Submit

You should do nothing of the kind
We are the followers of Mahatma Gandhi.
Non-violence is our creed, and love for
mankind has so filled our hearts that
hatred finds no place there"
The saloonkeeper was so moved by the
spirit of the new captain OF India that he
closed his shop and generously contributed
to the national fund.
And again, writes Young India OF All
medabad
"Dr. Balwontrai Kanuga, a picket, was
seriously injured the other day on the
left eye by some one from liquor shop
who successfully aimed a stone at him.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25
Whole Nation Has Responded
To Call for Prohibition

The awakened conscience OF the nation
has most generously responded to the call
OF prohibition in spite of the titanic op-
position offered by the British admlnistra-
tors. City after city, town after. town and
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

JEWS tell of great Increment sOeepang lndathe
poc revoun engineered By Mahatma Gand Fe0 details
its reached America Little knoOn here of
The New York Herald Magazine offers to s
interesting of the Gandi The
indian Basana Koomar Roy friend of the
Indian Tage formerly professor Wisconsin college, rter
the and enthusiastic advocate Of india
for the Indians"
Mr. Roy story of how Gand has pu ove prohibition indicates
influence has united the thousand and
the land enng with 3OOOOOOO The
accompanying idea of ow the ss distributed
geographically sow widespread
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

Here the latest picture of Mahatma (Saint) Gandh the
pach agtator India great weapon voluntary prohb
wearing Gandh barred by the British
a revolutionary insignia
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

Map showing principal India affected
movement and the varied sects participating in it.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

Remarkable Begun by Pacs Agator Cuts British Rev
Seriously Gains Hundreds Of Thousands Converts
Who Observe Once More the Rules Of Their Castles and
Abstain From Liquor-Nlk Given Would-be Patrons
of Saloons and Pickets Beg on Their Knees That
Fellows Not Patronize Rumshops
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

Man and His Poetry, &c.
AHATMA GANDHI'S non-coopera-
MI tion movement in India is double
edged sword. 1t seeks to cut at the
same time the shackles Of external slavery
and the chains of internal bondage. In
other words, on the one hand 1t seeks to
make the alien administration in that land
of 100000, 900 people impossible by boy
colt of British courts, British schools,
British titles, British employments, British
army British goods and British tax col
lecting institutions, and on the other it is
an earnestly soulful endeavor for self
publication by unfiinchng adherence to
truth, by uncompromising self-sacrifice, by
militant pacifsm, by plain living and high
thinking and by total abstinence from
drinking liquor in any shape or form.
1t is true that from time immemorialthe
scriptures of the Hindus and Mahomme-
dams, the Buddhists and the Sikhs have en-
joined against liquor. The vast majority
of the people of India are, even to-day,
milk 'teetotallers."
The Mahommedans are scrupulously
strict on this principle. Mahommedan
porter would fatty refuse to carry bag
>gage If he knew that there was whiskey
bottle in it. Abdul, Mahommedan, served
an English missionary in India for ten
years. AT last the "benighted heathen"
was converted, and that very night he came
home roaring drunk The missionary was
angry and inquired how 1t happened that
he never drank before and was drunk that
night.
$50 long," replied Abdul, Il was Ma
hommedan, so l could not drink, but to-
prove It,"
Whiskey and Opium Trades
>Important Sources of Revenue
With the introduction of British rule
whiskey and brandy have become abundant
in India. The liquor and the opium traffic
is monopoly of the British Raj. The
revenue, in round numbers, derived by
the British-Indian Government from the
excise department was, according to the
pre-war rate of exchange, in 19131914,
$45,OO0,O00: 1917-191s, $50,000,000, and in
192O-1921, S70,000000. The sale of opium
insures the same Government an annual
income of about s15,00O,O00.
In spite of all the attempts of the British
and Indian temperance societies things
were going from bad to worse Disease
devastation and death followed the trail of
this hydra-headed gorgon. A former Lieu
tenant-Governor of the Punjab once wrote
thus.
I'm the Nerbudda territories / have
known whole districts depopulated in
consequence of the action of our spirit
contractors. They used to send people all
over the country to seduce these poor,
simple folk and utterly demoralize Them
Mahatma Gandhi has recently. adopted
the problem Of prohibition as part of his
incorporation movement and the entire
nation has taken IL up as a sacred duty
To-day congresses and conferences.
caste meetings and pariah assemblages,
trade unions and village panchdyats,
peasants societies, student organizations
and women's clubs are all as one in pass
Ing resolutions condemning liquor shops
and the use Of liquor.
The New York herald., 1921-09-25

~ UESTIONS of the adaptation of school
work to the child mind and, as the
deplorable consequences Of a cur
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-01-06
COL. MARs10N ELECTED
POST COMMANDER
A Ladies' Auxiliary will Probably BE
Organized Shortly. The Meetings
TO Be Held Twice n Month

Col. Roy l.. Marston was elected
commander of Simon Peters Post at
the annual meeting held Monday
night at the Post Headquarters. The
retiring commander is Daniel A. Ste
wart. Other officers elected were vice
commander, b. J. Rice; adiutant. H. C.
Woodbury.; financial officer, w G.
Lessard; historian, c. E. Patten; chap
lain, William Golf. War Risk lnsur-
anee and employment officer to be APP
pointed by the commander. The
matter of forming Ladies Auxiliary
was considered and will doubtless be
organized in the immediate future
Hereafter the meetings of the Post
will be held on the first and third
Mondays of every month. A buffet
lunch was enjoyed during the even
ing and the meeting was considered
one of the most successful ever held by
the organization.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-01-06

Frank w. Buchanan will give 30
per cent discount on all of his large
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-01-06
ATHENS ROAD

Mr.. and Mrs. Doughty. who have
been guests during the holidays of Mr.
and Mrs. Charles Steward have re-
turned to their home in Springvale.
Mrs. Ralph Emerson is keeping
house for Albert Smith.
Mrs. Rose Raymond and little son OF
Bingham are guests OF Mr.. and Mrs. s
S. Hun.
Mr. and Mrs. James Pugh and son
Frank of North Cornville. and Mr. and
Mrs. w. A. Wescott were guests
Christmas of their parents. Mr.. and
Mrs. John Ambrose.
Marie, the little daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. Guy Oliver, is seriously i'll with
sciatica rheumatism.
Eldridge, the little son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Lester Stevens, is i'll with the
measles.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-01-06
WEEK OF PRAYER IN
SKOWHEGAN CHURCHES
Rev. George Loring Thurl0w New
Federated Church Minister to As
sist In Services

Union meetings are being held IN
three of the Protestant churches TINS
week in observance of the week OF
prayer. Tuesday night services were
held In the Methodist church conduct
ed by Rev. George Merriam. Last
evening the services were likewise
held at the Methodist church conduct
ed by Rev. II. L. Nichols Tonight
and tomorrow night the meetings Will
be held in the Bethany Baptist church
with DR.. Tracy and Rev. George Lor-
ing Thurlow, the new pastor OF the
Federated church, conducting the ser
vices respectively On Sunday even
Ing the union services will be held al
the Federated First Baptist and Con
gregational church.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-01-06
METHODIST C[ERGYn0|
HOLD CONFERENCE
End Sessions With Watch Night Ser.
vices in the Centenary Church. DIR.
ID. Ii. Holt Present

The Somerset group of Augusta Dis
trict Methodist ministers closed a
helpful conference in the Centenary
Methodist Episcopal Church here
shortly after the advent of the New
Year, Saturday morning. Clergymen
of the Methodist faith included in this
division ere those in the towns of
Oakland Wateryille. Fairfield, Show
hogan, North Anson Madison, Bing-
ham and Scion, Industry and Starks.
The conference was. largely confined
to a discussion of conditions and
methods Prof. NJ. w. Dawber of
Boston University, whose duties take
him in contact with rural religious
work, spoke and DR.. D. B. Holt, dis
tflct superintendent of Auburn pre-
SIDED. Rev William Wood OF Mad
ison gave talh on THE Church and
Social Conditions and the theme of
Rev. Herbert L. Nichols address was
"How Can our Sunday School be More
Efficient" Rev. w. P. Holman of
Oakland read a paper upon the
"Evangelistic Program. Prof. Daw-
Der and the ministers spent consid
cradle time on territorial survey of
/ their respective tudIB Al the
evening service local people were in
attendance and remained for the
watch night service. During the
first period, Earl Grundy, who. in con-
hector with his studies at Boston
University. is doing missionary work
in East Cambridge Mass, told of his
work among the foreigners of that
rit~. In the second period there fol-
lowed a discussion on religious conui-
tions in the church and community
which included the problem of how
these conditions may be met by the
church and the prospects of success,
nearly everyone present freely partie-
ipating in this discussion Social fea-
lures were introduced while the SER
vice progressed and the ladies' of the
church served lunch of sandwiches,
cake and coffee. During the last
period DR.. Holt gave a strong sermon
on 1.-THE things that are behind and
reaching forth unto the things which
are before" The closing moments
were spent in silent prayer. Before
the evening was ended DR.. Holt in
behalf of the parish presented Mr. and
Mrs. Nichols with a generous purse
of money as an expression of their
love and appreciation for the good
pastor and his estimable wife.