New-York tribune., 1921-12-06

Ulster accepted tho act and proccedp'
TO hold elections and organize Its Par
lament, the Sim Feiners again swep
the elections, claiming i24 out of IL
seats. De Valera's adhereuts refuse,
to organize under the homo rule nc
and declared that the new member
elected would constitute the new Dai
Eireann, or Parliament Of the Irish re
public.
Craig Replaces Carson
Ulster chose Sir James Craig a
its Parliamentary leader In place o
Sir Edward Carson, who retired.
Prior to the opening Of the ulste
Parliament $4,000 additional British
troops were sent to Ireland.
1t was at the opening of the ulstcl
Parliament on June %, 1921, that Eng
lands desire to compose differences be
tween Ireland and Great Britain wa.
expressed by. King George himself
Urging the Irish people to strive fol
neace in Ireland and conciliation be
tween the people of ,aat country ant
the British Empire, the King said:
~ appeal to all 1rishmen to pause, L
stretch out the hand of forbearanc,
and Cancellation, to forgive and forget
and to join in making for the islant
which they love new era of peace
contcntment and good wiH.'
To the Kings conciliatory utteranc,
was ascribed the feeling that led t,
the parley for peace and eventuall,
brought about the truce. General Jai
Christian SHUTS, Premier of the Unior
of South Africa, played prominen
part in bringing the opposing force,
together. General Smuts, who was il
London to attend the British Imperia
Conference of Dominion Premiers
went to Dublin on July s. He declared
that the Irish question was "solubl,
problem, bearing resemblance to con
now happily removed"
Valera Asked to Farley
That the Kings appeal fell upon fer.
tile ground was indicated on July 8
when Premier Lloyd George sent ar
invitation to De Valera to confer with
Sir James Craig, the Ulster Premier
and himself.
De Valera responded:
Eve most earnestly desire to heir
in bringing about lasting peace be.
tween the peoples of these two islands
but see no avenue by which it can be
reached il you deny Ireland her essen.
tial unity"
Again General Smuts came into the
breach, with the result that arrange.
ments were concluded for the confer.
ences and both sides announced q ces.
sation Of hostilities pending their out
come. Arthur Griffith, MacNeill and
two Sim Fein members Of the British
Parliament were released from Mount.
JOY prison in order that they might
confer with De Valera.
July II was q day of great rejoicing
throughout ireland. For the first time
In many years normal life was re.
sumed in the cities and the people OF
the country places went to rest with
the fear removed that their homes
might be assailed during the night.
Chief Points at Issue
The big question at issue between
the British government and the repre-
sentatives of the Irish republican
parliament has been:
Shall Ireland become entirely indie.
pendent or, if 1t remain within the
British Empire, shall there be two
separate governments in Ireland. one
for Ulster and one for the rest Of the
country?
Prime Minister Lloyd George has re-
FUSED to consider any proposal which
would put Ireland outside the empire.
that Ireland should be split in two
parts.
Ulster refused TO unite in one parlia-
ment with the Sim Feiners. 1t has
organized parliament of its own
under the government Of Ireland act.
The Sim Feiners refused to set up a
parliament for the south of Ireland, as
proposed in that act They adhered to
their own Irish parliament, called the
Dali Eireann, which they had set UT
Independently as the governing body
of the Irish republic.
The purpose of the negotiations now
completed, as defined by Lloyd George
and accepted by the Sim Fein rep,
resentatives, was "to ascertain how
the association of Ireland with the
community of nations, known as the
British Empire, may be best reconcilcd
with Irish national aspirations"
Several Crises Passed
This obstacle was overcome by the
two parties agreeing upon Lloye
Georges formula that the purpose OF
the conference should be to ascertain
how 1reiand's association with the en-
pire might be best reconcilcd with Ire,
lands national aspirations.
Under that formula meetings have
~" nc III PiVSresS SINCE carly OCTOBER
The proceedings have been secret, II
has been reported, however, that Brit.
ish representatives submitted a plan
to give Ireland status of "associa-
ton with the empire and to allow he,
an almost complete measure of self
government to be exercised by sepa,
rate parliamenta in Ulster and South
Ireland, respectively, and by a CentraI
Council, jointly chosen.
This brought Ulster again into the
negotiations and compelled Premie,
Lloyd George to defer his trip to tn 6
Washington Conference on the Lini,
devote his time to an effort to over
come listers hesitation or objection
to cooperate with the South Of Ire.
land in any form of common govern.
ment.
Tbs general understanding was that
the Sim Fein delegates insisted that
there must be no partition of IRELAND
into the north and south with different
forms of government and different re,
lations to the empire.
To reconcile these conflicting view,
points, Lloyd George invited Sir James
Craig, the Ulster Premier. to come te
London in the first week in Novembe,
to talk things over. The situation was
so delicate that Sir James desired the
support and advice of other Ulste,
leaders, and finally all the member.
Of the Ulster Cabinet were called tc
London. Unionist opinion in England
has been steadfastly against any "co,
ercion of Ulster" It was generally
conceded that one Of the most diff.
cult stages of the negotiations had
been reached.
Negotiations Begun June rs