davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Why America Went to War
Motives Examined by an Officer Who Served on the
General Staff Of the Army

| tive and official statement of the rea-
sons, and that is contained in the reso-
luton of the Congress, which recog-
nized the existence Of state of war
between us and Germany, which Ger
| many had already begun against US,
and pledged the resources of the nation
to it's successful prosecution.
This swas and remains the only Off
cial statement of our reasons. 1t was
| unavoidable and sufficient, because
Germany was murderin our people
upon the high seas, and making war
upon US in our own country by foment-
ing revolution and sedition IN our
midst and blowing up munition plants
and other instrumentalities for war
making all over the country.
But back of all this our people real
ized that if Germany won the war, as
she appeared to be doing when we en-
tered it, we would be her next victims,
with all the resources of Europe at her
command. 1t was the fear of this in
the minds of our people, coupled with
the state of war already existing, that
prompted our entry into the war more
than anything else.
The truth is that fer several years
past we have had an overdose Of Quix-
otto idealism, and those in authority
seem to have been more interested in
humanity at large than in the rights,
interest and welfare Of our own coun-
try, and the results Of such policy
ore now seen in the utter demoraliza-
tion of the social, economic, industrial
and financial conditions in the United
States. We take courage and thank
God for the indications of a return to
saner politics and NOR enlightened
self interest.
In conclusion, was one Of the first
to volunteer my services, and served
during the war as an officer on the
General Staff Of our army. / believe /
am an average American in intelli-
gence and patriotism, and 1 want to
say that, whatever may have been the
motives of others, thre is no doubt in
my mind of the reasons why I went to
war and offered my life to my country,
was influenced my no mawkish SEN
timentality or spirit of the crusader
to right the wrongs of humanity or by
such nonsense as making the world
safe for democracy" or to establish a
league of nations. On the contrary, I
went to war to defend my own country
from the attacks that were being made
upon her and because of the potential
dangers that were threatening her in
dependence and safety in the event
Europe. l was not, of course, unmind-
full or uninfluenced by the danger
threatening civilization and free gov
ernments throughout the world by the
assaults Germany was making upon
them.
As matter of fact, the world, and
our own country in particular, are in
far more danger to-day from unbridled
democracy led by fanatical and
demagogic minority vhan genuine de-
raocracy was ever endangered by the
war. Instead of making the world
safe for democracy" our present and
greatest problem resulting from the
war is to make democracy safe for
the world" While do not undertake
tc speak for the soldiers that filled
our armies, / do believe that the fore-
going represents the views of the great
majority of them.
ALEXANDER SIDNEY LANIER.
Washington, D. c., June 23, 1921. IS
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Only" Twelve Hours

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: "Brooklyn's" accusation of the
trained nurse should bring forth an
outcry Of righteous wrath from members
oflthe profession and others who have a
real knowledge of what trained nurse
is and does.
The trained nurses ordinary hours of
work are only twelve (note "only'
twelve) and not twenty-four day,
the twenty-four hour case being the
exception. For such a case it is GUS
tomary for the nurse to receive 81 more
a day than for twelve hour one,
instead of the accustomed time and a
half pay allowed to laborers for over
time work.
. Seven dollars and three meals day!
Yes, that is good deal for the aver
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Not Exempt From Living Cost
To the Editor of The Tribune

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: The reason nurses have short
ened their hours from twenty-four to
twelve is, | think, case of the worm
turning at last. There is no other
worker who accepts such condition
night and day at the task. We start
out with the attitude, "Insomuch as We
have done it unto the least of these
my brethren, ye have done it unto Me-"
but we have to readjust our ideas as
we notice how many of our fellow
workers lose their health by this fool
ish way of working.
Landlords and others do not accent
or adopt this attitude in dealing with
US. A nurse is not exempt from living
costs. We still pay higher rent laun-
dry, board, higher percentage for get
ting work. Now we have the income
tax added to this, and license is de-
manded of us.
Our work is very uncertain. Some
times we have little or nothing to do
Tor months. During this time we are
not exempt from paying board, and no
nurse gets her salary while on vacation,
as in some other lines of work.
People of moderate means can do
what trained nurses do when they get
ill-go to the hospital and get nursed
cheaper or take oct health insul ance
which will pay their expenses.
MANHATTAN.
New York, June %, 1921.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
To the Editor Of The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: why we went to war will prob
ably remain question of as much
dispute as "Who struck Billy Patter-
SON" While Mr.. Harvey's statement
of the reasons was crude, unfortunate
and unnecessary I ana Of the opinion
he stated substantially the funda-
mental reason, though there were in
cidental reasons that had their in
fuence upon our action.
Aif we regarded ourselves as knight
Grants bent upon crusade solely IN
the interest of a. great ideal, and seek
in gthe redress of humanity, and the
righting of wrongs that were being
perpetrated, then we have by no means
finished our task on the one hand, and
on the other we have stultified our
selves by bein 8 party to one OF the
most infamous wrongs that history
records.
If we fought solely for an ideal and
humanity, with no selfish thought, why
do we not 60 q step further and make
war upon Japan to rescue Korea from
her cruel grasp, and restore to the
Koreans their own country and gov
ernment. and stop their oppression and
determination that is going on under
Japanese rule ard exploitation? Then,
too, who stilled within our repre-
sentatives at the Peace Conference the
spirit Of the knight-errant and cru
sader, when they became parties to
the transfer of Shantung to Japan,
and betrayed poor old China, who had
entered the war on the side of the
Allies largely upon our inducement
and representation that we would
safeguard her interests?
Was this infamy perpetrated from
no unselhsh motives and inspired by a
lofty idealism? By no means. We
sacrificed the sacred territorial rights
of our told-time friend and ally to
placate Japan and rid ourselves of
some embarrassing questions she was
pressing upon US.
Coming now to the reasons that con-
strained US to enter the war, notwith
standing the fact that our President in
the beginning of the war admonished
US that it's roots and causes were no
concern of ours, and that we should be
neutral even in thought, our people did
sympathize with France and Belgium,
and believed the war one of unwarrant-
ed aggression on the part of Germany
for world dominion. But would this
sympathy alone have given our govern
ment the moral or legal right to plunge
our people into the war, with all its
terrible consequences, or to right
wrong we believed was being done to
those countries unless that wrong
potentially affected, directly or indi-
rectly, our own rights, interests or
safety?
In fact, our President, together with
q tremendous element of pacifsts in
the country, was opposed to our enter
ing the war at ALL and this element
was numerous enough to reelect him
upon a platform-"He kept us out Of
war" And it was only by the force of
events and the insistence of few
patriotic and far-seeing Americans that
the Administration was finally kicked
into the war
When it comes down to the individ-
ual opinion of why we went to war the
reasons will be many and ofttimes con-
ficting. There is but one authorita-
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
A Useful Mission
lFrom The Des Moines Register,

(From The Des Moines Register,
Big Bill Haywood is telling the Reds
In Russia how sadly the United States
Is being mismanaged. If he succeeds
in discouraging the Bolsheviki from
coming to this country he will have
done US favor.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
A Welcome Invasion

fFrom The Des Moines Register)
A tide of German gold has replaced
the tide OF German steel that started
toward Paris over six years ago. and
there will be nothing to prevent its ar
rival in the French capital.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Need for a Dentist
EFrom 1Ae Portlaad. Pressl.

FTIUW 4 HB T OTuuHu FTtSSJ' - :
The Federal government is learning
what Maine found in the course of fifty
years Of prohibition that the law
needs new set of teeth about every
year and that it won't do for them to
be false teeth, either.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Vocal Workers

fFrom The Des Moines Register,
A lot OF men now standing around
complaining that there is lack of
work we're probably among those who
stood around talking nonsense when
there was plenty of work.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Back to Normal
lEron. The Portland pressl

lFront The Portland Press)
Bryan has resumed his old role of
prophet He was dismal failure as a
performer and prophecy seems more in
his line.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-26
Fatal Holidays

fF,om The Indianapolis News)
4 Agreen Christmas means fat grave
yard and fine Sunday means the same
thing.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
La Grande Enterpriee Highway

La Gran6e to Island City paved. Is
land City to Elgin good country road.
Elgin to Minam first miles macad-
amized. Minam hill to Wallowa can
yon fair. Wallowa canyon to Joseph
under construction, detours well mark
ed. Joseph to Wallowa Lake fair coun-
try road
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
SHOULD
Be BASIS OF PAYING
FIGHTERS IS CLAIM
Cortelyou of Ohio Opposed to
Guarantees and Thinks Gate
Should Decide Amounts.
BY NEWTON A. MOVES.
United Press staff Correspondent. }

U1hited Press Staff Correspondent }
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 24.-One
of the strongest arguments for rule
to force boxers TO fight on a percent
age basis instead of n guarantee took
place here Angst 81 at the Phillles
Ball Park.
The fans saw three bouts for moth
ing. and Promoter Louis Mails lost
several thousand dollars because Will
lie jackson and Johnny Dundee, New
York lightweights. who were 20 meet
for the eleventh time, couldn't draw Il
gate big enough TO pay then SJe0O
apiece.
Malls offered the managers Of Jack
sen and Dundee $2500 n cash and
personal check for the remainder
Dundee's manager accepted but Doc
Bagley, manager of Jackson, demand
ed cash or nothing. The banks were
closed and Malls was out O. luck. He
announced to the crowd that there
would be no Jackson-Dundee frachs,
and that their money would be re-
funded. Mails lost $4,000 paid for
the preliminarles. II Jackson and
Dundee had fought on a percentage
basis they would have got about 81
000 apiece.
Director of Public Safety CortelS ou,
VINO supervises boxing in this city, is
strong advocate of the percentase
basis plan, and indicated he may re-
quest promoters to put 1t into effect
here.
THE only fair way OF conducting a
boxing show is on the percentage ha-
Sis" he said. Boxers are worth no
more than their drawing power. II
boxing should be put on such basis
here, and should any fighter refuse TO
accept the money he drew on this ba.
sis, no matter how small an amount
he would neHer box in. philadelphia
again"
The percentage basis is the only fnir
way to the public, the promoters and
10 the boxers themselves, CoIte!yuu
said.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24

October 8.
Harvard VS.. Indiana at Cambridge.
Yale VS.. North Carolina at New
Haven.
October Is.
Cornell vs. Western Reserve at
Ithaca.
Dartmouth VS.. Tennessee at Han
over.
Harvard VS.. Georgia University at
Cambridge
Army VS.. Wabash at West Point.
October %.
Poston College VS.. Detroit at Boston
Georgia Tech VS.. Rutgers at Atlanta.
Prineeton VS.. Chicago at Princeton,
October 20.
October ETAOIN .-seS
Harvard VS.. Centre College at Cam
bridge.
Chicago vs. Colorado at Chicago.
Penn State VS. Georgia Tech at New
York.
Princeton VS.. Virginia at Princeton.
November 5.
Pittsburg vs. Nebraska at Pitts
burgh.
Army vs. Notre Dame at West Po' MT
Yale VS.. Maryland at New Haven.
November &c.
Georgia University VS.. Dartmouth at
Atlanta.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER "a, 1921
IMPROVEMENT MADE
IN ROADS BY RAINS

General road conditions throughout
Oregon have been improved by the
rains and snow Of last week and ma
cadam roads should soon be in their
best condit on for the year Dirt roads
over which there has been market
travel and which have been very
chucky and dusty have also improved
with the heavy rains. Traffic in this
section has been extremely heavy for
the past two weeks owing to the
Roundup and the racI tlat the tour
list season for transcOntinental trips is
almost over, forcing eastern people tn
hurry home. Early in October the
main arteries to the east will be prac-
tically closed.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
American league standings
Pacific Coast League Standings
Yesterdays Results

Yesterdays Results
At Portland 6, san Francisco D.
At Seattle 60. Los angeles 10.
At Los Angeles, Vernon ., Salt Lake
0.
AT San Francisco, Oakland 4, Sacra-
mento 0.
American Association Results
Toledo 6-S, Kansas City So.
indianapolis 3, Minneapolis s.
Columbus 4, Milwaukee 5.
Louisville 3, st. Paul I.
Western League Results
Joplin 9, Sioux City (ten innings
/ darkness)
| Tulsa | L. st. Joseph 6.
/ Wichita 1S, Des Moines 4.
oklahoma City 8, omaha 3.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
DRUNIFIELD HURLS CHAIR AT
SHERIFF

ROSEBURG, Sept. 24,-(A. Po-
Or. Brumfield today in i;s cell hurl-
ed chair al Deputy Sheriff Hopkins
according to a report by Hopkins
Brumfield had been angered because
his cellmate, Charles Cobb of Reeds
mort, recently sentenced to three
months hard labor on a moonStlne
charge, had yesterday been made to
work in the court house yard. Hop
kins drew revolver on Brumtield
saying IL he made another move he
would be a dead man.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
Columbia River Highway

Pendleton to Seuferts good macad-
am road except few hundred feet at
Cape Horn yet unsurfaced. Seuferts
to The Dalles paved. The Dalles to
Gooseberry Springs detour out of The
Dalles miles. Gooseberry Springs to
Rowena highway in fair condition.
Look ont for construction trucks. Ro-
wena to Marsh Pit good macadam.
Marsh Pit TO Mayerda:e paved. May
erdale to Mosier road closed for paving
follow detour 1-2 miles into Moser.
Mosier to Hood River 5.3 miles paved
remainder good macadam. Hood
River to Astoria paved exception one
mile through Rainier Arrangement
heween The Dalles and Mosier effec-
tive only until September 26, then traf-
fic will have to take old road from
The Dalles to Hood River.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
Oregon Washington Highway

Heppner Junction to Gillian Nor
row county lire, rough. To lone, de-
tour Lexington to Jordan. lone to
Heppner very rough. Heppner to
Umatilla- Morrow county line fair. To
Pilot Rock very rough under construe-
tion. Pilot Rock to PendletOn macad-
am road, good except mile out of Pen
dleton. Pendletcn to Walla Walla
paved. Good road TO Spokane.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
|NTERSECT|ONAL GAMES
NUMEROUS THIS YEAR
lRy 1nternatlonal News servIce.l }

(By International News Service
NEW YORK, Sept. 24.-Intersec-
tonal football games are more hu-
merous on the 1921 gridiron schedule
than ever before. Eastern and West
.ern teams will clash in several con
tests that are bound to attract great
interest. and southern teams VIII come
north in greater numbers than ever
before. Following are the most I'm
portant intersectional games.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-09-24
Old Oregon Trail

Pendleton to La Grande first 20
miles macadamized. From this point
to Hilgard rough country road; from
Hilgard to La Grande under construc-
tion, very rough. watch for danger
signs. La Grande to Baker paved to
Hot Lake, Hot Lake to Union under
construction, closed. Take foot hill
detour Union to North Powder be-
ing macadamized, road in fair condi-
tion. North Powder to Baker good,
one turnout at bridge under cOnstruc-
ton at Wolf Creek. Baker to Hunt
ington, to Nelson good country road
Nelson to Huntington, new grade now
open to public, except from Gales
crossing to Weatherby hotel. Lime to
Overland crossing use Old road at
these two points. old road in good con-
dition. Ferry at Olds for Idaho and
Salt LaFe.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-01-01
KILLS PARTNER
AND SELF
Quarrel at Florence Results in
Two Deaths

Florence, Dec. 2S.-After shooting
Herbert Purvis dead last night Nathan
Col1chese ran out of the room in
which the shooting took place, con-
cealcd himself in q seed house OF tho
j. +. Stackley company and shot him
self through the head, dying instant
ly. The negroes were each about
twenty years old. They had been
partners in a pressing club on East
Evans street, in which the shooting
occurred. 1t was because Purvis did
not turn over the profits of his sales,
it is stated, that all the trouble oc-
Cured. The two men had an argu-
ment early in the evening and threats
are declared to have been made by
Colechese. Purvis is said to have been
equally as angry as COlechese. At the
corOner's inquest this morning wit
nesses stated that Purvis went to the
pressing club place to seize whatever
OF value he might find there to even
accounts with Colechese. The latter
entered just about the time Purvis
reached the place and the shooting re-
suited. Purvis had no weapon on his
body. After killing his partner Cole
chese is said to have told two boys
who were passing what he had done
When they ran for an officer the me-
gro slipped back into the lot and
killed himself.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-01-01
FAMINE FACTS FROM EUROPE.

The latest substitute for coffee in
Poland consists of acorns roasted,
ground and boiled.
An American concoction known as
Vienna stew" is the most popular
DISH In Central and Eastern Europe.
Its ingredients vary but il has been
known TO contain beans, rice, pork,
condensed milk and cocoa, at one and
the same time.
A dish of this stew a day will keep
a child alive. even if it receives abso-
lutcly no other food.
The cost of n dish of Vienna
stew" when served in the European
lsellef Council kitchen, is less than
four cents. For $l.00 a child can
be Kept alive, therefore for a month.
for $1,000 it can be saved from starry
ing until next harvest.
In the first six months of 1920 the
excess of deaths over births in vi
emma was exactly 5000. Twenty-Five
per cent of these were due to tuber-
culosis brought on by malnutrition.
In Poland for a total population
of 2S,o0o.0o0 there are just 1000 doc
tors. Last year 400 doctors died OF
disease.
In Austria they heat the hotels
from p. m., until 10 d. M, every
evening. In Poland they heat the
hospitals just twice a week. In pri-
vate homes in both countries they
rarely have heat at all. Coal. is al
most unobtainable ,sg
For every dollar contributed in
America toward the relief Of suf-
fering in these countries, the conn
tries themselves contribute two. II al
For $3S,ooo,0oO the European Re-
lief Council will be able to supply
food, clothing and adequate medical
care this winter to 3,500,eeO children
in Central and Eastern Europe. With
out the aid of the Council these chill
dren will die. ..a.i,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-01-01

then no longer bo charged off against
taxes.
-. Its collection is simple and
automatic for both the government
and the taxpayer.
10. 1t is fair in its distribution
The one who consumes the most ana
spends the most, pays the most in
taxes.
III. 1t will not increase the price
iof commodities beyond an average OF
| ) II per cent, whereas now taxes
increase prices nearly 25 per cent.
"l2. Consequently, it will tend to
reduce present prices to a marked de-
gree.
rs. 1t has been in successful op-
Grafton IN the Philippines for years
land has proved in every way satisfac-
tory.
IA. 1T has recently put into
operation in France and is thus far
strikmgly successful.
10. |omc forms of it are in OPP
H'aion in Canada. and it is so salts
factory that leading interests there
,,:H urging that it be adopted as a
col |l-tc substitute for all other taxes
"l6. j. is based on sound demo-
cratic principles, and by reaching out
into new sources OF revenue. spreads
the tax load equitably and in a way
most easily borne by all.
( II. AS it will be passed along to
the consumer, millions of people will
pay the tax, but nobody will know Ii
or feel it.
rs. 1t enables every taxpayer to
know his tax liability.
"19. 1t is surcr in its incidence,
simpler in its application, more pro-
ductive in results, more economical
in it's collection, and less of bur-
den upon everybody than any other
known form OF taXation."
A tax system does not have to bo
intricate; ii does not have to be SO
confused that $100,00O,000 year
must be spent by taxpayers merely
to prepare their returns, with tens OF
thousands of accountants to audit
these returns and years later to no.
try payer that he has made an err
ror We can have a simple system
which does not tempt to fraud: which
does not put a premium on dishonesty
which reaches all alike, but automati-
cally compels the rich man who buys
much to pay u prOportionately higher
tax than the poor man who buys lit
tie; which is easily collected, which
is always i'm relation to the gro IS
business done by the country: which
can de readily changed when receipts
are too high or too low. Such is the
sales tax, as contemplated, and the
ways and means committee can do no
better service to the country than TO
adopt it, whether the experts like II
or not. We have had taste of the
kind OF taxation the. experts like. 1t
is not likely that any other quinine
could be so bitter. .iA
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-01-01
SHORTAGEOF
COTTON SEED
Crushers, Oil Manufacturers and
Farmers From All Parts of
South Gather

Memphis. Dec. 2S.--That n serious
shortage OF cottnnseed oil and meal
viii occur i'm the near future unless
there is such Improvement i'm prices,
both for cottonsccd and cottonseed
products. as will justify the farmer
in selling the seed now I'm his hands
and in harvesting the remainder OF
the crop. was the announcement made
after a meeting here today OF cotton
seed crsIshers. oil manufacturers and
farmers from all parts OF the south.
The mceting. which was called to
discuss the present. condition of the
cottonseed market in the south, de-
termined on scheme OF closer CO.
operation between the producer of
cottonseed and the manufacturers.
The statement said that due TO the
collapse In prices only 50 per cent
OF the seed harvested has been Of
fered In the market. as against 60 per
cent last year.
To this fact was attributed the clos
ing down OF many OF the cotton oil
mills. which We're unable to secure
seed.
The statement continued that the
visible supply OF cottonseed oil, in
cluding that contained in seed i'm the
hands of the mills Is only sufficient
for four months domestic supply, and
that "the visible supply of meal is
erly sufficient for two months domes-
tic supply"
The statements were made at the
meeting by Il. w. Dabbs of Mayesville,
:. G.. representing the growers, and
j. III. DuBosc, representing the crush
crs and manufacturers OF cottonseed
products IT. WIS the sentiment of the
meeting as expressed by number of
speakers that the farmers would con-
tinue TO hold their cottonseed until
n price above cost of production could
be obtained for Il. and that the manu-
focturers would hold their products
for similar prices sI
Speakers expressed the opinion that
" this policy was adhered to condi-
tions In the cotton oil market would
be considerably improved.