Arizona republican., 1921-08-14

macadam, is due to .heir long wear ing qualities, resiliency against traf- fife impact, dustlessness, noiseless- ness, cleanliness and low cost of up- Seep Brick and concrete roads have also developed with the agitation as have the wooden block and granite block types. The most recent avail able figures give 42.11 per cent of the surfaced roads in the United States as being of gravel. 25-22 per cent as of macadam, 17.16 per cent as of sand-clay. 0.9S per cent as Of asphalt and other bituminous ma terials, 3.91 per cent of concrete and 0.62 per cent of brick. The figures for the asphalt'c and brick types, total of 1553 per cent show the ex- tent to which the city types of pave ment have been adopted in the rural districts The wooden block and the granite block types do not appear to have progressed as yet beyond the city boundaries.
 The extent to which the du ;tless types of pavement are being .-dopt- ed is further shown by testimony given recently before the senate committee on postoffices and post roads at Washington by Thomas Il. Macdonald chief of the United States bureau of public roads, wft se tabulations showed that 101 'ieral aid projects completed and naid for to May 25. this year, were roads built of bituminous materials These high
 ways were constructed in Alabama. Arizona, Arkansas, California, Geor- gia, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky. Louis 1 lana, Maine, Massachusetts Michi- gan, Minnesota, Missouri. New | Hampshire. New York, North Caro- lima, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon. Penn sylvania, Rhode Island, South Caro- lima. Texas, Vermont and West N1r- ginia Additional federal aid high ways of the same types have been approved and are under construction | in Kansas, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia, Connecticut, Wisconsin, New
 Mexico, Utah, Florida, Montana and Wyoming, Illinois, New Jersey and Nevada have lately included bitu- minous roads in their future Feder- ! al aid program.
 According to other figures com- piled by the federal bureau there are now 22,030 miles of federal aid roads in the United States These have cost s361e46,S6S. Latest figures compiled show that s343.67s,712.36 were made available in 569 new high
 way bond issues by states. counties. 1 townships, road districts and munici- palities in May and June this year. This makes $1,343.67S.36 now avail able for road work in the United
 States during the next two years
 It has been only by the most per
 sistent efforts on the part of the ad-
 vocates and the formation of nlili- l tant organizations everywhere that
 "The Good Roads Movement" has
 been carried to its present high
 estate The Automobile | nd the mo-
 tor truck have done more 10 form
 favorable sentiment than any other
 agency.
 While state road building policies
 were nothing new. in view of the
 action inaugurated by Kentucky In
 1921 which resulted in the compile
 ton of 34s miles of state roads by
 1887, very little had been accom-
 plished by any of the states or the
 federal government beyond the con-
 struction of the toll roads and the
 old National Road" from carnber-
 land, Md, to St. Louis, Mo. The lat
 ter was begun in 1906, during the administration of Thomas Jefferson
 The first state aid law was passed
 by the New Jersey legislature 1T , 1891. The next year The Na-iona League for Good Roads" was formed
 to conduct a vigorous campaign fol the establishment of a federal high l WAYS DuFtdu. III loSo tllC AtPf4A |, ment of agriculture, in accordance with an act of congress approved March 3, 1893, established the offic' of road inquiry to investigate sys : tems of road management through : out the United States.
 The automobile was introduces from 1895 to 1900. giving the move ment an impetus that pushed it ia : to the front. The introduction of tn : motor truck in 1904 sent it forwar' to even greater heights. The follow ing year New York state took tn : lead by appropriating $50.00o,000 fo good roads. In 1912 the first fedora : aid convention was held by tn l American Automobile association a . Washington and congress establishe' : joint committee to go into tn 1 whole field of government participa : ton in road work. That year. toe : congress appropriated S5Q0,000 fo ' the improvement of selected pos s roads. Individual local and stat g highway officials established in of : flee in the meantime, began thei : agitation New Jersey establishe'
 the first state highway commission : in 1892, and Massachusetts followe' g in 1892, not only with commission but a state highway system. Todd e AS states have highway departments Many national organizations spranl f up. chief among which were tn a American Highway Association, tn s American Road Builders association : the Automobile Chamber of Com s merce, the American Association o ], State Highway officials, the Asso n ciated Highway of America, tn l. Federal Highways Council, the Ma T tional Highway Traffic association
 the National Highways association ', the National Park Touring associa e tion, the United States Good Road ]. association. the Public Land State 0 highways association, the Tri-Stat : Good Roads association, the Cana . dian Good Roads association, an ' others.
 : Of the agencies that are now fight t ing for highway improvement. 56 ar d organized movements for the con g struction of certain national or in t terstate highways. 15 are national O s interstate good roads association. 3 : are state organizations, 304 are auto
 mobile associations and motor club: S 260 are road contractors material O machinery trade associations and en f gineering societies. 32 are moto e truck and automobile trade organi I zations and 131 agencies are publica ]. tions devoted to the movement i