davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Facts About the Pilgrim Fathers
Not Ordinary Villagers" but Most of Them Persons
of Good Birth and More Than Ordinary Education

To THE New York HERALD: In an
address at Forefathers Day eelebra-
ton at the Flatbush Congregational
Church in Brooklyn Dr. Samuel A.
Elliot is quoted as saying: "The May
| flower Pilgrims We're very ordinary VII
iage people, and only one OF tSsr;,
Elder Brewster. was a man OF ens
education Such a statement about
them is inaccurate.
| John Carver was well educated
man, who was a leader in the relig-
ious discussions at Leyden and who
served as the first Governor OF Plym-
outh Colony. OF William Bradford
II is written that che was Thought
full, studious boy and acquired an ex-
cellent education" In Goodwin's "Ifl-
grim Republic" IT is stated that 1--WE
often hear of Bradford's lack of edu-
cational advantages from writer's who
are misinformed or uninformed." The
Rev. Cotton Mather. who knew him
personally. wrote: HE was person
for study as well as action; he
attained a notable skill In languages;
the Dutch tongue was become almost
as vernacular to him as the English: !:
the French tongue he could also man
age; the Latin and the Greek he had
mastered; but the Hebrew he most of
all studied; he was also well
skilled In history, in antiquity and
in philosophy"
He was author of the first history
| NJ In Tv1o OH In IIo
was elected Governor thirty-one times
and left library containing 275 vol
umes when he died. Concerning his
family, 1t is recorded that In Augter-
field. at the subsidy of 1876, the only
laynen of sufficient property to be
rated were William Bradford and John
Hanson, paternai and maternal grand
father respectively of tho Pilgrim. It
is written that from extracts Of wills
and other records we learn that the
Bradfords were men of good repute
and were associated with the best Of
society"
Edward Winslow has been described
as IAN able and educated young Eng
lish gentleman" He and his brother
Gilbert Winslow were sons OF Edward
Winslow and grandsons of Kenelm
Winslow Of an old county family from
Droitwich, England. 1t is written of
Edward Winslow that "he belonged to
the gentry and was an educated and
accomplished man." His large estate
In Marshfleld was named Careswell,
after the name Of his family ancestral
estate
While travelling in Europe on pleas
ure he visited Leyden and thereupon
joined the Pilgrim community. He
served several times as Governor of
Plymouth Colony and as agent both
for the colonies Of Plymouth and
Massachusetts, Bay at the English
court. 1t is written that "for foreign
employment his better birth and
breeding gave him advantages. Among
the gentlemen Of the British Parlia-
ment Winslow moved as one Of them
selves; and his address and winning
qualities no less than his sagacity and
diligence justified the choice which
when he went abroad for the last time
the larger colony (Massachusetts)
overlooked her own statesmen to
make" He was appointed by Crom-
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
The Second Son.

From the London Observer.
A little ghost sits In his place,
And looks out of his baby eyes.
Those thin white checks are not his face
He runs about with glad surprise
At all tho towering summers joy;
The little ghost looks placidiy
With eyes that mock the other boy.
The other boy q stranger is
Strange TO the arms that rock him
close,
The eyes that watch each need OF his.
His small face. like a warm flushed
rose,
Has thrust between 1t and her sight
The face OF that still little ghost
With sunken cheeks so wan and white
His quick earth tones she does not hear,
Another voice her music makes
A spirits whisper. faint and clear
Each night and when each new day
breaks
There creeps beside her, sad and worn.
The spectre of her eldest son
Who died the day that he was born.
ANGELA CARGO.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Capitalizins the Cow.
An Estimated Investment Of $1,000
Based on an Animal Worth SfGO.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: Mr.. Cush-
ing places at $1G0 the value of a young
cow which will give five quarts OF milk
at each milking and do it 500 times in
twelve months. The value of pasture,
meadow, cornfield, barn, lot, creamery.
site and right OF way for the railroad
which carries the milk is estimated at
$500 for each COW. The young COW
which must some time take the place
of the COW which Is being MIXED Is
valued at S25.
Then there is the value of the equip
ment One OK or horse to each ten cows.
tools. buildings. say, $500. The farmers
capital sufficient to carry on the milk
business comes to $40 for each COW this
includes a house to live In and a barn
for the COW.
The investment Of the miller in stock
and capital is reckoned at $50 for each
COW; the railroad equipment at $50 each,
The city milk company should furnish
s175 for each COW of the millions OF
cows that provide milk for our cities.
put the total investment based on the
ability of each COW TO supply milk at
81, 900 and you have an asset that dwarfs
our next largest enterprises. Figure up
the cash the cows milk brings and you
have one-half more.
Had the farmer. the miller and the
others who invest their money on this
faith in the COW an )officc. an agent;
had they one cent of each dollar in
vested in dignity. then the consumer
might respect the other 90 cents.
Millions are spent for experiments to
increase and improve the supply OF milk.
The whole world is ransacked 20 get
the best COW and the best sire. And all
for production. Not one dollar Is ex-
pended for experiments in distribution.
Let some farmer experiment with the
COW that gives eight or ten quarts each
day and with the consumer who owns
his container. pays in advance and gets
two, three and four quarts of milk each
day. If the experiment gives wealth.
comfort and health that COW wins.
ID. c. KENYON.
FOREST CiTr, Pa, January Is.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Honest Economy.

Government spenders-the executive
departments which pass out the tax.
payers money--cannot get cent out
Of the taxpayers pockets except on
the authority OF government appropri-
ators - the legislative departments
which decide how much money the
taxpayers shall pay for their govern.
ment. In their periodical. estimates
OF expenses Of their bureaus and di-
visions the spcnders deliberately ask
for great deal more than they OK.
poet TO get.
If department which spent $780,
900 in 1920 asks for s125.000 for 1921,
and the appropriations allow 100000
to it, they cannot in honesty seek
credit for saving $4,000 of the tax
payers money. They have merely re-
trained from authorizing the expen-
diture of that $4,000. But IL the
approprIators allow 100000 for the
1921 expenses of q department which
cost the taxpayers 100000 In 1920
thAy are entitled to credit for an
aceual saving unless they permit the
spenders 20 exceed their appropria-
lion and pay the debts through def
cheney appropriations.
The appropriation made for the
public. schools Of this city for this
year ~ s2T 100000 short of.what It Is
generally agreed they will cost. Any
body who figures the 1921 public
school expenditures on the appropriA-
ticn already made win be wide Of
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
stung.

From the Coinmbus DisBotch,
Bargains In Chin Rests" the placard
read,
And the man who saw II halted there.
The hot gun beating down upon his head
And his eyes hnH blind in the pave
ment's glare.
He thought OF the house where he paid
his board.
lie thought OF the porch where the
ladies sat.
He thought how often their chatter
scored
The passersby from the shoes to hat.
lie thought he know whore q gross or
two
Would ~ like brace for brokon
shine.
But he found. when he entered TO buy
a few,
They were meant for the players OF
vlolinsl
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
The Real Coal Oil Johnny.
Extrayagances Recalled by One Who
Knew Him in 1860.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: I knew
tho original Coal Oil Johnny Steele in
1866, and what your Denver despatch
OF January quotes l.. $. Deane as
saying comedies exactly as regards his
family antecedents with what I had
previously learned from persons well ac-
quainted with the facts. The statement
that a man who died recently was Coal
OIL Johnny was without any foundation
whatever.
There is one point on which Mr.
Deane is mistaken, and that Is the state
ment that when Coal OIL Johnny was in
his heyday of wild and crazy revelry
his main place of abode was in the
Girard House. Philadelphia. and not in
New York. MY Office at the time was
knew pretty we'll what was going on
there, as would frequently hear reports
that would leak out from his camp.
And / will here mention some of his
customary pranlts. He would every few
days rent the hotel billiard room for the
crowd at the cost of $4,000 for a sin
gle day. He would buy fine team OF
horses and after driving them a few
days would then give them to one of
his pals, and the last thing he did with
the tail end of his fortune of over two
millions was to flt out a minstrel troupe
by bedecking them with diamonds and
furnishing them with all necessary para
phernalla. The name given to the con-
cern when organized, IL my memory
serves me right, was Spiff & Gaylord's
Minstrels.
After he got clear of all his money
they were kind enough to give him a
place as doorkeeper.
His wife had left him some time be-
fore this and was smart enough 70 get
away with 100000 or 100000, accord
Ing to reports at tho time. / was told
later. however. he had gone back to
live with her and that was the last ever
heard Of him, And If that was a fact
there was no doubt but that his wife
was then the paymistress.
j. c. HIGGINs.
Bound BROOK. NJ, j., January 15.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Seeing Mount Everest.
A Beautiful Spectacle at Sunrise in
the Himalayas.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: If any
of your readers think of climbing Mount
Everest let me suggest course of train
ing as steeplejacks.
From point near DarJeellng Everest
looks like flagstaff, and is visible only
at sunrise and on q bright morning.
You are called at o'clock and then
at 4:i5 toast and tea are handed
through your door by your boy" who
has slept on the mat in front of IL. At
4 40 you become part Of the hotel
procession. the guests sitting in chairs
each mounted on two poles, these resting
on the shoulders OF four men.
Nothing in nature can be more beau
tiful than the snow mountains all about.
lighted up by the full moon and given
rosy hues in the east by the sun before
rising. Everest Is interesting because
II is Everest, but the hours ride to tho
point OF view is delightful at the time
and as long ms memory lasts.
j. HOWARD CowPERrHwAIr
NEW YORK, January Is.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

the old price and get an increased
quantity OF power out Of the oil,
bringing their costs down to the level
of the coal consumer.
Conservation OF that kind, to make
possible level of prices high enough
to encourage the development OF for
eisn fields and to discourage the for
eign drain on our resources, would
be a greater boon than price cutting
In the particular and peculiar case of
the oil industry.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

Ii Is unfortunate that the deplor-
aDle killing of an American naval
officer in the dead Of night by Japa-
nese sentry in Siberia Is not set forth
in the reports more clearly and sim
ply. Such an occurrence, under the
conditions obtaining, might happen to
anybody in any military service. An
accident Of the kind might happen to
a private or officer of our own army
within our own lines here In our own
country, as every military man real
izes. This is the aspect of the case
from the side of chance.
For Government of whatever rank
or.condition, either directly or through
its representatives, to instigate or
condone an attack upon another ma
tiou or another nations representa-
tives would be an act beyond the
pale, calling for nothing less than
wac failing complete backdown, rep
aration and guarantee Of better con-
duct. But nothing of the kind is
involved in this case.
Nevertheless, the tragedy of itself
is a grave matter which for the time
being should be divested of all col
lateral circumstances like the occu-
pancy of Siberia or the relationship
between Japan and Soviet Russia.
The Japanese Government does so
recognize the Importance Of the case
and so far as the record is made
public, takes great pains to show it
does. to express its unqualified regret
and to offer the customary indemnity.
This nation must assume, unless facts
10 the contrary are developed, that
The Siberian tragedy cannot disturb
the friendly relations between Japan
and the United States. : aJS
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

we'll chief commissioner In charge OF
a British expedition against the West
Indies. where he died.
Miles StandIsh was a professional
soldier who had served in Holland as
ali officer in the English army. Nor
ton in his New England Memorial.
printed in 1869, said "He was Cen
tleman. born in Lancashire and was
heir apparent unto great estate OF
lands and liyings. surroptitiously de-
tanned from him." The historian Hub
bard has recorded that he twas allied
to the noble house Of Standish, in Ian
cashire, inheriting some OF the vir-
tues of that honorable family, as well
as the name. His family dated back
to 1922, and in his win he mentioned
q claim to lands to which he was en-
titled by descent in seven localities"
OF John Alden. Winsor In his his
tory Of Duxbury says: HE was pos
sessed Of sound Judgment and talents"
Samuel Fuller was a physician who
has been described as eminent in his
profession, devoutly pious and wise In
counsel In the affairs Of the colony"
Edward Fuller was his brother.
Richard Warren was merchant Of
London and a son of Christopher War
rem of marlborough, England. He is
spoken of as "a man of some means
and Of superior character; such a man
as would be a valuable acquisition to
any company about to found a new
commonwealth" Isaac Alerton was
a prominent merchant who repre-
sented the colonies In England and at
the English court. "He was admit
tediy the first merchant Of New Eng
land, and the founder of the coasting
trade and the fishing industry"
John Howland has been thought to
be Of the same family as Richard
Howland, Bishop OF Peterborough. to
whom the Howland arms were
granted. Degory Priest, like Bradford
and Allerton. had the honor of having
citizenship of Leyden conferred on
him.
One way to tell the social standing
in England of persons living at the
time of the Pilgrims was by the titles
Esquire or "Mr." Esquire, at first
a military term, had come to be
applied in England to gentlemen
by birth who were not noble
men, such as younger sons of peers,
elder sons of knights and chief repre-
sentatives Of ancient families. Such
gentlemen as did not possess titles
and were not entitled to be called Es-
quire were spoken of as Mr.. Freeman.
Burgess, yeoman and goodman were
lower on the social scale. Our fore
fathers were very particular in giving
titles only where they were proper. In
addition to most of the men that
have mentioned William White.
Stephen Hopkins, Christopher Martin
and William Mullins were given the
title of Mr." when signing the COM
pact on the Mayfiower.
Many of the passengers on the May
flower were the wives or children Of
some of the men whom have men,
toned Others were their servants.
Several were laborers and OF humble
station. The greater part of the Pill
grims We're persons Of good birth and
more than ordinary education.
FRANCIS X. SroDDARD, Jr.
NEW York, January Is.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Our Wild Fowl Come Back.

A greater number of water fowl,
especially canvasback ducks, are in
the waters OF the Chesapeake this
winter than has been the case in the
memory of men familiar with cunning
conditions in that region.
There are several good reasons for
this. The open winter has caused
many Of the most highly priced of all
the duck family to linger where their
favorite food, wild celery, can be had
In abundance. Then the fact that
shooting for the market has been pro-
hibited is another incentive for ducks
and geese to remain In congenial
waters, secure in measure from the
harassing to which they were con-
stantly subjected in the days when
every pound of meat delivered at the
markets or into the possession Of the
gourmets of New York, Philadelphia,
Washington, Wilmington and Balti-
more meant so much money.
The Federal law against shooting in
the spring when the birds are on their
way to the breeding grounds in the
north Is another contributing infiu-
ence. The fact that our Canadian
neighbors concurred In the movement
was the salvation of the situation.
Much opposition to the law was shown
in this country and Canada by the
market hunter and the type of sports
man who thought his rights were
being encroached upon. 1t took only
short time to demonstrate the wis
dom of tho law restricting shooting,
however, and the professional gun
ner who thought his means of liyell-
hood had been taken away has been
loudest In his praise Of the plan which
confines the wild fowl shooting season
to late autumn and early winter.
Still another and perhaps the great
est factor in the opinion Of many
Is the establishment in the South Of
bird sanctuaries, where water fowl of
every description may find haven
after they have braved the fusillades
of the myriads of gunners who seek
to bring them down from sink box,
battery and point during the thou
sands of miles they traverse between
the place Of their birth in the far
north and the sunny waters OF the
Southland.
The greatest of these sauctuaries is
undoubtedly that near New iberia In
Louisiana, not far from JOE JErFER-
SONS old winter home, Orange Island
In that region the Avery and Nc
Ilhenny families have long had their
home at Averys Island ON the shores
of vermilion Bay. Many famous
uen have shot every variety of game
there and 1t was favorite vacation
ground for THEODORE ROOSEVELT. ED
WARD McILHENNy, who knows the
country intimately, has always placed
craftsmanship above meat. He real
lied that unless something was done
to conserve the supply of water fowl
which came annually In ever dimin-
ishIng numbers many of It's finest
members would become extinct. He
therefore conceived the Idea Of buying
a large part of the marsh land on the
shores OF vermillon Bay and the adj
jacent waters and dedicating it to the
conservation of bird life.
Mr.. MoTLHErNy had tho coopera-
tion of CHARLEs WILLIS WARD aud
they bought at a comparatively small
cost, 10000 acres, most Of II prairie,
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Finalitles.

saw her in the early spring
Reaching to pluck the budded May
A wistful question in her eyes,
But on her lips an answer gay.
And then. saw her lie so still
No loving word could ever break
The silence of her endless sleep
Nor any touch her dreaming wake.
All life between was wiped away
A slate DER which a sponge had
passed
only kept Of her the sense
or how ! saw her first and last.
CHARLOTTE BECKER.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
The Backyard ship.

The Backyard Ship has goodly masts
II doubtless Is a clipper.
And every week II braves the blasts
With Mandy Jane for skipper.
with churning suds upon its trail
'Tis always booked for Monday
II spreads much canvas to the gale.
Enough TO drive to Fundy.
Yet while Il starts its countless trips
As every boat should banker.
More prudent than the other ships,
Tt never weighs its anchpr.
McLAvpprro( wrsoN.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Lottery Tickets Also Bootleggc,I.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: Your
statement that whiskey will disappear
just as the lottery went under the en-
forcement OF the statute is unfortunate.
Anybody in town or country can buy
n lottery ticket with the greatest OF
ease--much easier In fact than you can
buy drink OF good booze.
OLD READER.
HIGHLAND FALLS, January 10.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Seven Seas Of o Skipper.

To THB NEW YonK HERALD: have
always been under the impression that
KiplIng wrote OF the seven seas as dis-
tinct from the flve oceans---the Atlantic.
Pacific. Arctic. Antarctic and Indian.
The seven seas are. take II. the Ara
bian Sea. Mediterranean. Black Sea.
North sea. Caribbean Sea, Baltic Sea
and China Sea. w. 10. II.
NEW York, January 10.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
The Seven Seas.
A Group Supplied by the Geography
of the Ancient World.

To THE New York HERALD: AS 20
the seven seas. some fifteen years ago
Z was in the library OF gentleman
who had for years imported books of
value for sale here. put the query 70
him, What arc the seven seasY We
searched his library for answer and
found none.
When the great war broke loose 7
suddenly came. while studying "A map
Of Europe. to what ] think Ia the cor
rect answer: the Mediterranean, Tyr
rhenfan. Adriatic, Ionian, Hcgean. Sea
of Marmora and Black Sea.
NEW York, January 10. PHYSICIAN
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Rack % Hare Fist. in oklahoma.

Normrn correspondence the OkidhomaH.
Athletic equipment at tho State University.
especially for boxers, is at low tide Just ae
present. One set OF gloves for fifty fistic
candidates. And this one set was furnished
by one OF the candidates. When this set
wears out, will II be bare fists. as in days
OF old? Coaches are pondering. have been
pondering. And the while boxers are pound
Ing the one set into shrods.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

That the KARPoFF, the report of
whose death in Russia last week gave
rise to the suggestion that the indi-
vidual might be the dictator LENIHr,
was not the Bolshevist leader but n
chemist on his staff is now asserted in
Berlin. Even in a matter as simple
as the announcement OF a mans death
Soviet Russia lives up to the reputa-
ton It's maniac oppressors have made
for 10.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16
Rapid Transit Up Mount Everest.

To THE NEW YoRK HERALD: What's
the sense of climbing Mount Everest
Why not fly there?
A high night, but there have been
higher. and 1t wouldn't take two years
to prepare. with horrible hardshlps after
preparation-two days more likely from
the final jumping of place.
Nick sTuNTE.
New YORK, January Is.
The New York herald., 1921-01-16

The Soviet government has deoreed q
warning to all strikers that unless they
return to work immediately they will be
imprisone2 for terms of from one 10 five
years and their families will be deprived
Of food cards.--Neios despatch from,
Russia.
Communism. enforced by proIetar-
lat dictatorship and dealing with dis
satisfied workers, is not as gentle as
democracy finds it necessary 20 be.