davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1921-04-27

assembling or concentration, grading,
ware' sing, processing, transporta-
ti0n, Iancing, salesmanship and re-
failing, we should readily understand
why the farmer acting as a nindivi-
dual is such a poor merchant of his
own products. Acting alone he can
do very little with any of the various
steps in marketing. Usually at the
very ..rst step, that of assembling the
commodity the title passes from the
grower to a "middleman" and all sub
sequent steps in marketing are per-
formed by middlemen. Sometimes a
grower will warehouse a part of his
crop and, if he is a large grower, may
grade the crop and later sell it by
grade. BY far the great majority,
however, put their crops on the mar
kct soon after harvesting, accepting
in payment the current cash value
and accepting also the more or less
arbitrary grading of the buyer This
price is usually too low because Of the
fact that markets are being glutted
and the grading is frequently unfair
to growers for no reason except that
buyers know grades and growers do
not
As Individual Seller, Grower Com
petes With Grower.
Acting as individuals in selling,
growers have to compete with one an
other. this competition resulting fire.
qucntl yin prices below cost of produc.
ton. 1t dooms that regardless of how
economically crop may have been
produced, there are always some grow
ers whose lnancial condition compcls
them to sell whether or not they get
the cost Of production. This number
who must sell is sufficient to break
the market and compel all other grow
ers to accept losing prices. Profits
from farming are, through our indi-
vidual methods of marketing, thus
maintained at low levels, and this is
OF course reflected in our low scale
Of living.
Farm ing is generally regarded as a
production business rather than as
selling business Practically all of the
farmers energies, physical and men
tai, are spent in economical produc-
ton. He has little time and little
capacity for studying marketing con
dltions; and, acting as an individual,
ne can 40 nothing to correct poor con.
dltlons even # he were as well inform
ed as the expert middlcmcn who hand
Ic the marketing.
Why Berate Middlemen?
In spite Of these facts, when the
grower brings his crop to the market
ne is put in the absurd position of
matching his wits with experts who
have made life studies of how to buy
lowest and sell highest. Moreover,
every. middleman who handles his
crop is part of an interlockinp eco
nomlc system the tendency of which
IS to pay to growers the lowest pos
slblc price and exact from consumers
the highest possible price. This,
however, is no reason for beratinp
mlddlemen. The work which they do
IS IN most cases necessary. Their
ranks include our bankers, merchants,
railroads, Warehousemen, manufactur
ers, and others in addition to specula
tors. The only question that can be
asked about middlemen is, can the
work they are doing be done more eco,
no,mically in some other Wey? The
advocates of fiua ,,,n ,loi ;x,,.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1921-04-27

ting, as follows, to wit: on the North
by land of jessie v. Young; on the
East by lands of w inberg; on the
South by lands of Weinberg and on
the West by lands, Of Martha E.
Young.
j. E. Gamble,
Sheriff of Clarendon County.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1921-04-27
State of South Carolina,
County of Clarendon.
Court of Common Pleas.
DECREE.
l.. s. Brock. Plaintiff

VS..
j. A. Brailsford, Defendant.
Pursuant to Decree of the Court
of Common Pleas for said County and
State made in above entitled action
dated March 16, 1921, 1, j. E. Gamble,
Sheriff of Clarendon County will sell
at public auction to the highest bid
der for cash, in front of the Court
House Door at Manning, S. c., on
Monday, May 2, 1921, being sales
day, within the legal hours for judicial
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1921-04-27
GOOD CORN YIELDS result
OF JUDICIOUS CULTIVATION

Thorough, Early Flowing Keeps Corn
Growing, Kills Weeds, and Pre-
vents Soil from Crusting-Shal-
low Working Generally Preferred
Specialists Favor Using Weed
er.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1921-04-27
CONCERNING CO.
OPERATIVE MARK EFING

Having seen in the last article that
marketing of a farm crop includes
Evening star., 1921-04-29
LEAF TOBACCO MARKET.

BALTIMORE, April 29-For the
past week receipts on the market
were Els hogsheads, while. sales
totaled 49S hogsheads, part of which
were old crop. Due to foreign de-
mand. prices held firm at last weeks S
advance for all Holland grades
Prices per 100 pounds: Inferior and
frosted, 3.0Oa5.00: sound common, 6. 90
a10.00; good common. II O0a17.OO me-
dium, 1700a27.00: good to fine red
2S.00a40.00; fancy, 1000 and over:
seconds. common to medium, 5OOa
1900: do. good to fine. 1S.0Oa30.O0; :;
ground leaves, 2.O0a23 90; upper coun-
try nominal.
Stock in warehouses: Maryland
1879; Ohio, 4.591; total. 1870 hogs
heads.
Ground leaves to date, LAS hogs
heads.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
: US. STABILITY UPHELD.
Beveridge Says Changes Should
Not Be Lightly Made.

NORFOLK, Va. April 29.-Predict-
ing that the next ten years will see
another attack on the constitutional
power of the courts to declare acts
of legislatures unconstitutional. as
enunciated by John Marshall, former
Senator Albert ]. Beveridge express
ed the conviction that American insti-
tutionS should not be lightly changed
or quickly altered. Mr.. Beveridge
delivered the annual address before
the Virginia State Bar Association.
ut is a tremendous fact. he said.
"that in a world of present upheaval
and approaching chaos, our American
institutions are today functioning
more steadily and our government is
more stable than that of any other
country in the world, with the pos
sible exception of Japan"
Evening star., 1921-04-29
NEW YORK RESERVE RANK.

NEW YORK. April 29.-The state
ment OF condition of the federal re-
serve bank of New York at the close
OF business April 81. shows:
Total gold reserves. S667,6O2,273.
Total reserves, $7S5.035216.
bllls discounted secured by govern
nient war obligations:
For members, $343,659,444.
All other:
For members, s253.742.31S.
Bl!ls bought in open market, s46,-
Total bills on hand. $656.23O.45O
Total earning assets. S712 511.S50.
Cncollected items, $114.375,1O9
Due to members:
Reserve account. s647.S96.039
Total deposits 674227,473
Federal reserve notes in actual cir
culation, S741,549,95O.
Ratio of total reserves to deposit
and federal reserve note liabilities
combined, 55.5 per cent
Evening star., 1921-04-29
BIG @. LOAN A SUCCESS.

NEW YORK. April 29.-J. P. Nor
gan & Co.. and the first National
Bank. acting as syndicate managers.
have informed participants in the
Chicago. Burlington and Quincy rail-
road financing that subscriptions to
the 230.0O0,000 bond issue Will close
at noon tomorrow. This bespeaks the
success of that Offering. the largest
domestic financial undertaking since
the close Of the war.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
FILIPINO SENDS APOLOGY

MANILA, P. l., April 29-Manuel
Quezon. president of the Philippine
senate, has sent a written apology to
Justice Elias Finley Johnson for
criticisms made against Judge John
son on the floor of the senate here
on two occasions last December.
Expressing regrets, Quezon said he
was glad to withdraw the criticisms
which he had made in the belief that
Judge Johnson had arranged the ad-
ministration of the former governor
general, Francis Burton Harrison.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
Move to Cut Money Rate
Fans Optimism in Atlanta
BY RALPH SMITH
,ecial DISPATCH to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
ATLANTA, April 29.-The impress
sion prevails throughout the south
east that the directors of the Atlanta
federal reserve bank, meeting here
today, may initiate move to reduce
the discount rates on commercial
paper. Under the law, the initiative
respecting rates rests with the bank
directors, but such initiative is sub
ject to review and determination"
by the Federal Reserve Board at
Washington.
as to action by the directors will be-
come known until the announcement
comes from Washington a week or
ten days hence. The subject is taboo
by the directors. who decline even
to admit that discount rates were
considered.
But the impression that the dis
count rate may be lowered ~ had
an unmistakable psychological effect
in banking and business circles
throughout the sixth federal reserve
district.
Predominates All Lines.
The belief that lower rates are in
sight has improved the mental atti-
tude and accounts in part for spirit
of optimism that predominates in all
lines of commercial, Industrial and
agricultural activity. The present
discount rate is per cent on COM
mercial, industrial and agricultural
paper and 5h per cent on govern
ment securities.
AS a matter of fact. a reduction in
the discount rates will prove of little
or no practical value in "cheapening
money" to the borrower. but affirma-
tive action by the directors of the
Atlanta bank, subsequently approved
by the board at Washington, will be
accepted by the public as concrete
evidence that the upward trend in
conditions is under way.
Evening star., 1921-04-29

&D1SpatcncS marking the prOKreaN OF
the dehatiOn and readjustment process
in business throughout the country.
giving the conclusions OF special cor
respondents who have been inxtructc e d
to present conditions and indications
ms they really exist, are printed daily
in The Star.)
BY J. WON PAPIN.
Special Dispatch TO The Star.
ST. LOUIS. April 29-Symptoms of
improvement in general business are
not lacking in this district. The
principal item of hopefulness during
the past week or ten days has been a
slight shrinkage in the number of
unemployed. The big shoe, furni-
ture. chemical. clothing and wooden
ware plants have taken on addition
al operatives. and the products of
these factories are moving in good
shape. No forward buying to speak
or has developed, but the volume of
hand-to-mouth business is of suffi-
clent size to make it clear that the
public is in need of goods and is
hlling it's wants.
The shoe interests report an urgent
demand for fancy stock and WON
ems and childrens wear, and factor
les turning out such goods are run
ming at capacity. For the first time
in many months furniture in car lots
is moving. The grocery trade re-
ports that the turning point has been
ing steady increase. The -four
business has not undergone any i'm
provement, which fact millers attrib
ute mainly to the erratic fluctuations
OF the wheat market during the past
few weeks.
Flour Buyers Upset.
Declines in grain prices completely
upset the psychology of flour buyers.
who Immediately attempt to cancel
orders. The export demand is better
to the extent that foreign countries
need flour and want to buy, but are
not able to convince American mill
ers of the soundness Of their finan-
cial arrangements. This is true OF
Cuba and the Latin American repub-
lies generally. Those countries are
consuming barely half Of their nor
NAL amount Of breadstuffs, judging
from what they are taking at present
from the middle west.
Bread prices in some southern
cities have been slightly reduced, but
remain stationary here. Spring agrl-
cultural operations have suffered a
of rain over the principal farming
sections.
Overabundant Rainfall.
Fields are soaked and roads are
heavy and impossible. There are
reports of the necessity for re-seed-
ing because Of washouts. The over
abundant moisture is also affecting
lumber production, woods in the
soft pine of Arkansas, Mississippi and
Louisiana being flooded. Despite con-
ditions of unemployment. savings
continue to increase, the total of all
banks in St. Louis on April 1 being
than on January 1.
Other signs of thrift are the heavy
purchases of liberty bonds and fur
ther gains in writings by life in
surance companies. The financial and
banking position has undergone no
change worthy of note. In the cot
ton sections some liquidation has
taken place. but not enough to be-
stir any enthusiasm.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
Michigan Trade Prospect
Is Frightened by Surveys
BY PHIL s. HANNA.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
DETROIT. Mich. April 29.-Pontiac
is the bright spot this week in the
Michigan constellation of industrial
centers. as evidenced by the Pontiac
Clearing house report, just issued,
which shows a reversal in the trend
Of bank clearings for the first time
since last fall. and further brightness
is added by the report Of a building
survey of Oakland county, which
SLOWS more than $4,50O,00O of con-
struction is about to be begun in and
around Pontiac.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
EEFr
LIBERTY BOND NOON pRICEs'

NEW YORK, April 29.-Liberty bond
prices at noon were: 3ks. $3.50; fiEst
As. $3.50; second As. $40; first AZ :,
$40; second ANS, S7.3O; third 4Hs.
90.54; fourth ANS. $3.50: victory 3Es.
1892: victory 4Zs, 1890. -,
Evening star., 1921-04-29
Washington Stock Exchange
BALES

Capital Traction 5s-sl 900 at ssh, $500 at
Capital Traction-lO at s7Is. 10 at IS.
Washington Railway pfd.-lO at 81. 10 At
81. 10 at IL. at 81.
AnstOn Monotype-10 at 7Ih. 10 at 17E3.
5 at TN. 10 at II.
AFTER CALL
Washington Gas 5s-S1 600 at 20.
Bid and Asked Prices
Evening star., 1921-04-29
The Triumphant New CENTURY
Is Now On The News-stands

ented artists. Poems of literary quality.
The May CENTURY is the first revelation
of new idea in magazine publishing. That
idea is, briefly, to produce magazine that
for literary and artistic value, vitality and
humanity shall surpass anything ever at
tempted before. How we'll this has been
accomplished you shall Judge. Ask your
news-dealer today for
Evening star., 1921-04-29
sEx-div. IA.

Snakes Of the viper tribe have their
poison fangs channeled SO that the
poison Is conveyed to the deepest part
of the wound.
Evening star., 1921-04-29

Norfolk and Western has declafed
the regular quartely dividend of SET5I
a share on it's common stock, pays
able June is to stockholders of record
May 81. Ell
Evening star., 1921-04-29
FINANCE AND TRADE NOTES.

WeIls-Fargo Express has declared
a dividend of $3.50 share, payable
June 20, to stockholders of May go.
This is the first dividend the COM
pany has declared since July, 1918.
March operating revenue of the
Seaboard Air Line was $4,005,534, as
compared with $4,111.95O last year,
and net revenue was $624,310, as COM
pared with $16,5S7. After taxes and
other deductions net income for the
month was $474.5SS, contrasted with
a deficit of $33,54S last year. 1HI
Evening star., 1921-04-29

Western Maryland Railway gross .
earnings for the third week in April
were S349,724, an increase of $54.314a
over the same week last year. :: E,oros
the three weeks gross earnings werGs
$9S1,3S0, an increase Of $96,5i6.
Evening star., 1921-04-29
FOREIGN EXCHANGE.

Quotations furnished by W. B. Hibbs & Co
Selling checks: Dollar value
Evening star., 1921-04-29

IF you have not seen this new and greater
i magazine, stop at the newsstand today and
ask for the May CENTURY. It is the most
distinctive magazine on the stands The heavy
rich brown cover with gold stamping is
relief. The entire magazine is beautifully
illustrated and printed. But it is the contents
that surprise and delight the appreciative
reader. A reading section of 100 pages with
a wealth of stories, articles and essays by
Evening star., 1921-04-29

(Dispatches marking the prOgress Of
the denatiOn and rendjustment process
In business throughout the country.
giving the conclusions OF special cor
respondents who have been inxtructe e d
to present conditions and indications
ns they really exist, nre printed daily
in The Star.)
Evening star., 1921-04-29
BUSINESS NOTES,

PIITSBURGH. April 29.-Dealers in
furniture report that the latest cuts
IN prices have revived trade and de-
clare this months sales will show +.
large increase. Many new STYLES in
suites are in the stores. Willow and
noer porch, sun-parlor and summer r
mouse furniture is in large demand.
tne early season having stimulated
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1921-02-17
BIG. ULCER
ALL HEALED
ssNow 1 Can Walk" Says Mrs.
Southcott of Medina

'HIere is another letter that makes me
happy" says Peterson, of Buffalo. "One
that would rather have than thousand
Money isn't everything in this world.
There is many a big hearted, rich man who
would give all he has on earth to be able
to produce remedy with such mighty
healing power as Petersons Ointment, to
sell at all druggists for 90 cents large
box"
Read this letter, written February ii.
1918. by Mrs. Albert Southcott. of Medina,
n. Y. 1t seems like miracle, but 1t IL
true. every word of 1t.
1 know 1t because l get similar letters
almost every day from people who have
used my ointment for old sores, eczema
and piles.
Is 1t any wonder am happy!
Peterson Ointment Co., Inc, Buffalo.
N Y.
Dear Sirs
Il was an untold sufferer from an old
running sore and ulcers. had tried most
everything without any relief from pain
friend told me of your wonderful ONT
ment and the first box took away the pain
that had not left me before In years, and
after using just nine dollars worth of the
salve am cured. The ulcer was o inches
by So inches, is all healed and can walk.
Never, never will 1 be without Peterson's
again.
You may use this to recommend your
ointment If You wish. ] cannot say enough
to praise it" Yours truly, Mrs. Albert
Southcott. Medina, N. Y. Mail orders filled
by Peterson Ointment Co., Inc, Buffalo.
n. Y-Adv.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1921-02-17
SANTA FEE NOTES
Notes and personals by Mrs. Fl.
Wadleigh. Phone 1852 XII or $3.50.

Mr.. William Fleming and Mr.. Tom
Rich have returned from Kansas City,
where they spent a few days attending
the automobile show.
Mrs. G. c. EdmondS of Lecompton,
Kan, is spending a few days the guest
of Mrs. VIM Glenn and Mr.. Glenn in
Twiss avenue,
Ralph Johanson, the little son of
Mr.. and Mrs. F. L. Johanson of West
ern avenue. who has been quite i'll
with tonsilitis. is improving slowly.
DR.. D. C. Fleming of Seward ave-
nue. will spend the weekend in Kan
sas City attending the automobile
show.
Rev H. o. Hotter of the Lowman Hill
Methodist church spoke during the noon
hour in the machine shops today, under the
auspices of the r. X. Y. NJ. c. A.
Miss Hazel Swogger will have charge of
the musical program to be given Friday
evening, February IS at o'clock in the
II. K. Y. NJ. c. A. Miss Swogger is one
Of the most talented young women in the
state and Il large crowd is expected to at
tend this program.
About $50 men attended the program
given last Tuesday in the machine shops
at the noon hour under the auspices of the
II. r. y. NJ. c. A. Miss Iva Della Smith
and Miss Mary Hazel Gleriett furnished
The Rev NJ G. Mum will speak Friday
, noon in the freight car shops at the
regular gospel meeting
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1921-02-17

U. S. MAKES KICK
China Cancelled Yank Shanghai
Radio Contract.
Washington Claims Great Bril-
|. tain Behind the Act.

Washington, Feb. 17.-'Strong re-
monstrances'' have been made to
China and Great Britain against a cam
collation. of the contract of the Federal
Telegraph company, an American con-
Germ, to erect a wireless station. at
Shanghai. it was announced at the
state department today.
According to advices to the state de-
partment, Great Britain has been in
flnencing the Chinese government to
cancel the American contract, claim
ing that the Marconi company, a Brit
iSh wireless concern, previously had
monopoly OF wireless stations in
China.
The state department has instructed
the American legation to Pekin to no.
tify the Chinese government that the
! United States would consider it undue
and improper discrimination" if the
American wireless contract were can
celied. The state department pointed
out that this government refused a
few years ago to support another
American wireless concession in China
because it gave monopoiistic advan-
tages.
The position Of the United States is
that the monopoly claimed by Great
Britain is in direct violation of the
open door" policy guaranteed be-
tween the United States and Japan in
the ROot-Takahira agreement
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1921-02-17
uric ACID m MEAT,
CLOGS THE KIDNEYS
Tnlxc n glass OF Salts II your Back
Hurts or Bladder bothers you
Drink more water.

If YOU must have your meat every
day. eat it, but flush your kidneys with
salts occasionally. says a noted au-
thority who tells us that meat forms
uric acid which almost paralyzes the
kidneys in their efforts to expel 1t
from the blood. They become sluggish
and weaken, then you suffer a dull
misery in the kidney region, sharp
pains in the back or sick headache.
dizziness. your stomach sours, tongue
is coated and when the weather is bad
you have rheumatic twinges. The
urine gets cloudy. full of sediment, the
channels often get sore and irritated,
obliging you to seek relief two or three
times during the night.
To neutralize these Irritating acids.
to cleanse the kidneys and flush off
the bodys urinous waste get four
ounces of Jad Salts from any
pharmacy here; take a tablespoonful
in a glass of water before breakfast
for a few days and your kidneys will
then act fine. This famous salts is
made from the acid of grapes anu
lemon juice, comb ined with lithia, and
has been used for generations to flush
and stimulate sluggish kidneys. also to
neutralize the acids in urine, SO it no
longer irritates thus ending bladder
weakness.
Jad Salts is inexpensive: cannot in
jure, and makes a delightful efferves-
cent Whitewater drink.-Advl
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1921-02-17
STARTS BOOMERANG CAMPAIGN
PostOfficc Will Return Foreign Letters
Mailed Minus Right Stamps.

Washington. Feb. 17.-American
business concerns and individuals who
mail foreign letters without sufficient
postage, thereby causing the recipients
to pay a penalty double the amount
due before they may receive the mail,
are offered a remedy by the postoffice
department to prevent such negli-
genoc.
Complaints reaching the depart
ment Of commerce thru American
consular representatives say foreign
business concerns and individuals
greatly resent having to buy their
American mail and these have result
ed in efforts to prevent the practice.
Postmasters have been notified that
all mail destined abroad and which
bears printed, written or stamped no
tation reading: Dispatch only if
postage is fully prepaid" or similar
directions, shall, if under-paid, be re-
turned to senders for affiXing the ad-
ditional postage stamps required. On
such insufficiently paid postage mail
pcstmasters are authorized to accept
the postage stamps originally affixed
to mail matter at their face value
when the piece of mail again is pre-
se;lteo for mailing.
The postoffice department believes
the return of such mail to the senders
will tend to check the practice.