davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
ship INDUSTRY OF
CANADA EXPANDS
New Settlements Mainly Re-
sponsible for Great Demand
For New Bottoms.

VANCOUVER, B. c., May 81
Shipbuilding has been assuming
greater and greater proportions as
an industry in Canada. Every
year vast stretches of agricultural
lands are settled and the move
ment of produce to seaboard stead
lily increases, making new demand
for bottoms. The fisheries on the
lengthy coastlines of the Atlantic
and the Pacific, together with
growth of the numbering industry
have also forced expansion OF
shipbuilding.
There are now 1903 vessels of
all kinds under Canadian register,
with a total gross tonnage of L.
610.640. The last survey Of the
dominion bureau Of statistics placed
shipbuilding among the first ten in
dustries. with a capitalization of
s56.22s,033 and an output of s74.-
799,41l. Since that survey. three
years ago, the figures have in
creased several millions Of dollars.
= British Columbia took high rank
IN. number Of vessels built last year
with a total of 1873, while Quebec
was second with s6.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31

heavy issues OF currency and bonds
have fortunately been put aside be-
cause Of resuitins depreciations in
the exchange rates OF the already
shattered peso. The $4,000, coo loan
noated through the Guaranty Trust
company viii be an indirect aid.
since good part Of II Il to be used
20 Improve the state railways, which
.iaye been accumulatins heavy defi-
cits In the past three years, and
have only recently been given q 50
per cent increase in rates, effective
since February IL.
New Sources Of Reve.ue.
Among other revenue -raising ex-
pedients which have been, or are TO
be. considered by congress NAV be
mentioned the 50 per cent Increase
In import duties by the new tariff OF
February. 1921; the drastic curtail-
ment IN the number of government
employees; the marked Increases In
Internal revenue taxes, many of
whicn nave been more than doubled.
ana the probable creation Of new
imposts on copper exports, incomes.
inneritances, rents, and commercial
pronts. This formidable array of
new measures. some. IL not all, OF
which VIII undoubtedly be written
upon the statutes. will remake en-
ureiy the fiscal basis of the govern
ment, especially because Of the en-
pnasis upon direct taxation, a source
OF income which has scarcely been
toucned In any Of the southern re-
puoics. such a program of reform
naturally Will encounter consider
aoie opposition, but even II only
partly fulniled 1t will place Chile far
IN tine vanguard of Latin American
republics with reference to the di-
versity and general stability OF its
revenue.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31


In January. 1890. the treasury faced
. record dencit OF s7.3o0.ooo paper
pesos tat normal exchange fetes
about s13,o0o.oo0). and by January
1921. this figure had been raised 20
i2s,o 1000 pesos.
The budget for the current year
had anticipated fan In nitrate rev.
enues, and the income from tnal
source had been estimated At aoou'
30 per cent OF the total revenue
This income had. however, been cal
culated on an assumed nitrate ex.
port Of $1,000. 1000 quintals tof loi
pounds each) for the year lszi
whereas Finance MINISTER Mariner
declared in April that the total ex-
ports will not exceed 4o.ooo,oeo quin-
tails. and the fdeficit may grow to
l74.ooo.ooo paper pesos by the end
Of the year. 81.
To Solve the Financial Prebien.
This is the problem which has
confronted severa! able finance min
listers, including such weli-known
nscal experts at Philippi. subercas-
seaux, and Mariner, and each has
been contributing his share toward
some lasting solution. That such a
solution will be found Is amply
guaranteed by the solid financial
reputation which Chile has long en-
joyed, and by the firm basis of nat
ural resources and national energy
upon which the government may
build.
According to announcement made
10 the Chilean congress in April by
the administration. at least 100, ,ooo.-
600 pesos of new revenues must be
found In order to provide for the
possible continuance of deprecated
returns from nitrate export duties.
Many expedients have been proposed
Tor this purpose. Suggestions Of
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
CHILE SOON TO
OVERHAUL ITS
FISCAL SYSTEM
Slump in Nitrate Exports
Necessitates Drastic
Changes.
REVENUES IN SLUMP
100, 100000 Additional Pesos
Must Be Found to Pre-
serve Industry.
REVENUES IN SLUMP
BY JULIUS KLEIN.
(hsoently United States Commercial At.
tache At .Buenos Aires.)

(Hsoently United States Commercial At.
tache At IBuenos Aires.)
OF the many one-resource coun-
tries and areas in Latin America
Cuba and her sugar, Ecuador with
her cacao. Guatemala, Colombia.
and Sac Paulo with their coffee:
Yucatan with her sisal, and Chile
with her nitrate-hone has been
more severely hit in the present
crisis than the last-named country.
And as a characteristic evidence Of
Chilean resourcefulness and eco
nomic vigor, none will come out Of
this period OF drastic readjustment
with more lasting gain than the mi
trate republic"
The crisis has brought home to
Chile with stunning force. the need
for two fundamental reforms in her
economic organization. First, she
has learned the absolute necessity
for diversification of her industrial
life and has already begun to slim
ulate manufacturing and more
scientific agriculture. Evidences OF
this change may be found in the
rapidly increasing hydro-electric
and irrisating facilities and in the
beginning of the expectation OF
fruits to the New York market.
Secondly, and even more urgent, Is
the need for a complete reorganiza-
tion OF the finances of the republic.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
FARM PRODUCTS
net SLIGHT Loss
Canadian Agricultural Prod
ucts in 1920 Placed at
S1,946,64S,000.

OTTAWA. Ontario. May 80
Gross total value of agricultural
products of Canada last year. ac-
cordinE to government figures. was
81, I,s46,64S.0O0. OF this amount the
value of field crops was sl.455,244,-
900; farm animals sl40.OS3, 900
wool. s5,321, 900; dairy products
s25S,O0o,O0O; fruits and vegetables
s4O'0O0,OOo; poultry and eggs
S40,000,OOO.
II to the estimated total value
of farm production be added s4,232,-
5SS,000 for land and buildings
s3s1,246,0OO for farm livestock, tho
total estimated agricultural wealth
s7.612.15l, 900.
Miscellaneous products not in.
cluded-tobacco, fax fibre and ma,
pie products-are estimated for tho
year at s23,OO0,00o. The values for
land and buildings and farm i'm.
plements are extremely conserva.
tive estimates. II Is pointed out, as
they are based upon the censu.
returns of 1911 and 1915. Fresh
data will not be available until
after the taking of the census this
year.
The ascending value of agricul.
tural production in Canada is very
clearly illustrated in a comparison
of the values of the past six years
In 1915 the total production was
valued at s1.11s,6s4.000, in 1915 al
s1.223,952, 900; in 1917 at sI.62I, OPS.
900; in 1918 at s1.905.373. 800: in 1918
at Sl,975,S41, 900, and in 1920 a,
1,946,64s,0oo. Between the year:
1915 and 1920 field crops increased
in value from s325.371 900 to 81
455,244,000, farm animals from s7s.-
95S.0o0 to sl40,0S3.0o0, wool from
s3,360,o00 to s5,321, 900, dairy prod.
ucts from s146,Oo5,ooO to s25s.Ooo,.
900, fruits and vegetables from
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
Gen. Porter Rites Thursday.

NEW YORK, May 3o-Funeral
services for Brig. Gen. Horace
Porter, veteran of the civil war and
former ambassador to France, will
be held Thursday morning, it was
announced today.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
try and eggs from s35,ooo,ooo t
s50 nnn mn


Many factors are contributing to
the aggradizement OF Canadian
agricultural wealth. Each year
sees a substantially increased acre
age and production due to continu-
Gus settlement, which, in its turn,
adds to Canadian farmland values.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-31
Big Loss Of Revenue.

The collapse OF the nitrate trade
has played havoc with the revenues
OF the country. because during re-
cent years from IS per cent to so
per cent OF the total income of the
government has been derived from
export duties on that product. This
accounts largely for the fact that
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
DAWES BUDGET PLAN
SAVES 2 BILLIONS.
Continued from First Page.

cussion OF the arms conference on the
floor OF both houses, is the opinion OK
leaders OF both parties. The arms con-
fr-eoce already has influenced the con-
siGeration of two pieces OF legislation
the Pxn-America Canal tolls legislation.
and Inc proposition OF funding the
allied debt The canal tolls measure
has been urged by leaders TO be kept in
committee until an agreement is reached
by the international pariey.
Chairman Madden of the House APP
preparation Committee stated to-day
that his committee will take up the COM
bined supply bill. as outI.t>d In the
budget. with n view of hav.sig AL the
items examined and passed upon by
April s, when II Is hoped the measure
will be ready for the Senate.
Chairman Madden plans to turn over
the consideration OF the budget items to
five subcommittee. all of which will
start their labors on December IL. BY
this plan. he hopes to place before the
House the first supply bill January s.,
and that they will all be submitted to
the House by March 81.
Next Friday tho House will likely
take up the measure dealing with the
reclassification OF Federal employees.
Reorganization of the Government bu-
reaus and commissions. including the
administration OF Alaska, are subjects
to be considered in the near future.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06

,n~nt leader in the House of Com
mons; Lord Birkenhead, Lord Chan
cellor, and Winston Spencer Churchill,
Secretary Of State for the Colonies,
until after 1880 O'Clock. They again
met at 10 o'clock tonight.
II was reported semi officially that
the crux OF the discussions was the
question of allegiance TO the Crown; f;
tsiat Sinn Fein had again refused to
accept the Governments interpreta-
tion OF the word, and that the Gov
ernment could not accept theirs.
The result of the Dublin meeting
last Saturday was to give a wide
spread impression that the Dali
llireann refused, first. TO recognize the
Throne, and second. to remain in the
community of States with the Empire.
One of Mr.. Lloyd Georges asso-
ciates said to-day the Prime Minister
believed he could not very we'll go 10
Washington under the shadow OF an
Irish failure
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
DE VALERA RELIES
ON SPIRITUAL FORCE
Says Irish Are Strong Enough
to PreUent English Rule.

LIMERICK. Dec. W ssociated oress).
Presented with me freedom of the
city OF LimerlcN tt-day. cannon dc Va
lera. the Sim Fein leader, in expressing
his thanks reiterated that Ireland in its
fight for freedom would not De fright
ened by tnreats OF war. The July pro-
posals of the British Government hat
been rejected because they we're not
what they pretended to be. The Irish
representatives would have is little
hesitation in rejecting new proposals If
they were not what were wanted or
what they pretended TO be.
II any foreign army attempted to pre-
vent the Sim Fein from functionins in
Ireland they were as ready TO face the
consequences as they were year ago.
De Valera declared that Ireland was
not Yorkshire. and the British Govern
lnent would never secure from the Irish
people the sort OF allegiance Yorkshire
gave the rulers of England.
The irish. said Mr.. De Valera. pos
sessed means OF resistance which might
be insufficient to drive the English from
ireland, but certainly would be suffl-
cient to prevent the English from ruling
IN Ireland. It was, therefore, CONTEXT
mainly between what might be regarded
MS spiritual force on one side and physi-
cal force on the other, and such O con-
test in the long run always went with
the spiritual force.
They would never get quick decision
against physical force. but it was on
moral and spiritual forces they should
depend in order 70 secure their freedom.
The Sim Fein leader urged the people
not to be too optimistic, but to try TO
calculate the forces against them. be-
cause on their side they had determine
tion which could not be beaten. They
might have years of terror, but when II
was over their opponents would be as
distant from achieving their main pur-
pose as when they started--namely, that
Of obtaining from the Irish people the
sort OF allegiance Yorkshire gave to the
rulers in England. i
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
GERMANY ASKS WHAT
CONSULS u. S. WANTS
Persons Connected With Pre-
War Stoffs UnUelcon1e.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 5-American Con-
sulates have been opened in Munich and
Hamburg. the State Department was ad-
v.sed to-day by Ellis Loring Dresel.
Charge d'Affaires at Berlin. They arc
the first OF several such posts to be
installed in Germany as soon as possible.
The State Department still was with
out advices from the German Govern
ment regarding the installation OF recip-
rocal consulates In this country. Until
an embassy staff has been appointed
1t Is not believed Germany win take any
active steps toward the selection Of
consular agents.
The Berlin Government has been in
communication with Washington re-
garding appointees TO it's embassy here
with a view to determining the type OF
men most acceptable to official and pub
lie America. II IL understood that the
American Government has pointed out
the undesirability of Germany being
represented here BY persons who were
connected In any way with the pre-war
diplomatic staffs.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06

ness administration developed by the in
vestigations of the Budget Bureau.
brought to the attention OF the Presi-
dent. resulted In hin decision TO estab-
llsh them. They are concerned. as is the
Director Of the Budget with bird g.
eye view OF the Government business
situation and with the doing of business
In terms of q single government and It's
interests as distinguished from. but con-
sistent with. the interests OF the sepa-
rate departments anc establishments.
"To strengthen their supervisory re-
lations to the separate departments and
establishments they need constant and
syrnpa thetic liaison between themselves
and the President of the United States,
who Is the source of their authority"
Defining the relationship between the
Bureau Of the Budget and the Cabinet,
Director Dawes observes:
"rhe Director OF the Budget IL glad
to state that with the Cabinet and with
the heads Of independent establishments
there has been evinced from the first a
determination to think in imperso'al
terms and to favor all regulations, Gus
toms and precedents which would afford
the Director of the Budget. in so far
as he acted as the representative OF the
President, the same ease Of access to
them and to their subordinate chiefs as
would necessarily pertain In any well
managed private business organization.
Machinery Works Smoothly.
This required abrogation on their
part of many OF the old customs arising
out OF over 100 years OF decentralized
status quo in the governmental business
organization, which presented an insu-
perable obstable to anything approx
t... f.r~ 80 ~ Ar Iof IN. In.-
ernment business administration. Under
the regulations and customs now estab-
lished any such action and contact as
the Director Of the Budget must have
with the heads OF the different depart
ments and establishments, where he rep
resents the President In the imposition
OF unified policy. he meets no obs,ruc-
ton arising out of personal dignity or
past precedent.
"The Cabinet heads and heads OF in
dependent establishments Immediately
1cquiesced IN the principle that the Pres
ldent must establish an agency so en,-
powered In its relations TO them that.
as In any private organization his agent
In gathering information could compel
a contact OF separate departmental
authority in the consideration OF any CO.
ordinated action for the benefit OF the
Executive. The Director OF the Budge,
therefore. under the regulations and
customs now established, has the same
powers that an agent OF the president o.
a corporation would have under the same
circumstances"
In closing his report Director Dawes
pays tribute 10 his associates In the
Bureau OF the Budget and other CO.
workers, including Francis H. Warren.
chairman OF the Senate Committee on
Appropriations Brig-Gen. Herbert ~
Lord, chief finance officer OF the United
States Army. and Brighten. Charles Z.
Sawyer the Presidents physician. who
has been constant participant ana
counsellor in the work"
And finally. air. to the President Of
the United states. to whose assumption
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
COL. ID. II. FLYNN RESIGNS.

TRENTON. Dec. 5.-Col. David T.
Flynn Of Princeton to-day forwarded to
the War Department at Washington his
resignation as a member of the New
Jersey Federal Military Reserve Board
for the reallocation of the national
guard. Col. Flynn resigned as protest
against the action of Gov. Edwards in
transferring the headquarters of the
Hath New Jersey Infantry from Cam
den to Paterson.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06

Of responsibility as the business head OF
the Government in connection with the
budget law Is due whatever Improvement
has been achieved in the administration
Of governmental business. and in whose
attitude and great interest lies the hope
of further Improvement. I desire 10 ca
press deep sense of obligation for
unstinted confidence. support and en-
couragenlent.''
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
MRs.M'CUDDEN GOING TO MAINE
British War Mother VIII Dedicate
Portland Memorial.

PORTLAND, Me-. Dec. 5.--Mrs. A r.
Mccudden. the British gold star
mother. accepted to-day an invitation to
dedicate a memorial erected in Andrews
square by the Portland Rotary Club in
memory Of Harold T. Andrews. the first
Portland boy killed in the world war.
The dedication is tentatively set for
December 13 or II. It Is expected that
Mrs. McCudden will sell from here for
'ngiand soon afterward.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
IMPORTERS ATTACK BILL.
Object to American Valuation
Plan ms Uneconomfc.

Plan ms UneconOmic.
The National Council of American
Importers and Traders sent the follow
ing telegram to-day to Senator Boies
Fenroee. chairman of the Senate Finance
Committee, urging the committee to kill
the proposed American valuation plan in
the Fordney tariff bill:
Speaking for leading individuals and
organizations non-partisan and nom
political, from all parts OF the country
and representing leading industries, pro-
fessions and the consumer whose
opinions we have gathered, we urge you
in their name to kill the unwiee and
uneconomic measure known as the
American valuation plan, which will
raise prices, lower exports, decrease
manufactures, increase unemployment.
is unsound and unavoidable and Will
generally affect the prosperity of the
country unfavorably. We urge you to
kill this measure in the interests of our
national welfare and our international
relations"
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
rurLrPPrNEs TO KEEP TAXES.

WAsHrNaroS, Dec. 5.--severaI million
dollars collected by the Philippine Gov
srfinent as taxes will not be returned
under a decision to-day by rfle Supreme
Court Tho island courts held that the
taxes were IN effect duties imposed on
EXPORTS prohibited by law. The su-
,r.ne Court reversed tho insuiar court
70 far as Il related 10 recovery from the
collector ps tavss.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
S HOW FIRST BUDGET SAVES VAST SUMS IN RUNNING NATION
GEN. TREAT TO BE RETIRED.

WASHINGTON, Dec 5.-Request OF
Brig-Gen. c. G. Treat for retirement
from active service was granted to-dsy
by the War Department, effective
April 81, 1922. The General. who COM
manded American troops In Italy in the
war. will be assigned to command troops
at Manila. p. L.. until his retirement.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
EXTRA p. o. CBERks HIRED.

Three hundred men were sworn in
yesterday by Peter J. Clearey, Assistant
Postmaster, In Brooklyn. as temporary
clerks and carriers for holiday service.
They will receive sixty cents an hour
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
Nations First Balsrce sheet.

"Fifth-No balance sheet OF the cor
poration as a whole was ever prepared.
No complete Inventories OF its properties
existed No statement of it's current
assets such as Balable material and cur
rent supplies had ever been made. nor
was there any easy method existing of
securing Il.
"Sixth--When cash was placed by the
stockholders at the disposal OF the cor
pcration for It's purposes the custom was
10 notify the different departments that
a certain amount Of credit was available
with the treasurer of the corporation. to
bc drawn upon as might be necessary to
meet any estimated expenditure involved.
Each department would then enter upon
it. books the amount of cash allotted to
II with which to pay for its projects.
against which 1t had tho right to cur
rcntly draw.
THE treasurer. however, kept no ac-
curate account of these contingent obli-
cations. which eventually crystallized
into cash dema- ds upon him, thus result
ing in money being drawn from him con-
tlnually in excess of the estimated an
nual running expenses. Nothing but very
rough estimates could be secured at any
time by the treasurer as to what the
cash der snds upon him In any given
annual running expenses was 10 be
added an indefinite amount OF money de-
mands arising out of former commit
ments.
"Seventh--As result OF all this the
corporation. in effect. seldom recon-
sidered an unwise project entered into
b. any department. The custom grew
VI among the departments Of the cor
peration TO regard II eS an obligation
upon the part of each 90 spend any
levy made for It's benefit without re-
porting TO the president OF the corpora
ticn. to It's directors or TO tho stock
holders as TO whether continued ex-
penditure upon the project was wise
under any given new set OF circum-
stances.
"Eighth--so firmly embodied IN the
minds and in tho affections ot the
administrative heads OF the depart
nents became the feeling Of independ-
dsnca OF en- executive control, owing to
its complete lack OF exercise. thnt con
fcrences looking toward the correction
Of evils arisins ont of Jack OF coordIna-
t.-n n the business were apparently
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
BUDGET FOR 1922 AND 1923 IS
FAR BELOW THAT OF 1921

TASTfINGTON Dec 5Folowing the estimated expendi
\A the fiscal
w compared with the actual expenditures
to-day by the Director OF the
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
Ware the Window
sill Ice Box

With one November-d heat
record as Of 730 - much food
must have Hgone bad" in the
window-sill refrigerator. Even
with colder weather there are
constant changes that cause
foods to deteriorate. Besides
you know that dust and germs
are constantly flying about
looking for just such a landing
place es your outdoor ice box.
Knickcrbocker Ice costs tW SO of cen,
pound an Brooklyn, Mdnhctian and
Bronr. II not only keeps food cotd, bu,
keeps ii protected from all con
tamindtion.
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
I922-23 FEDERAL EXPENSES
CUT FAR UNDER THIS YEARS.
Continued from First Page.

ments. and may be briefly sum
married. as follows:
BUDGET SUMMARY.
Exclusive OF postal revenues and postal
expenditures paid from postal reyenues)
1923. estimated. 90 estimated. 81. actual
Total receipts:s
IS S3s, 1872. $50 $3 .9f3 4J3563 s., ga. .93o. $50
Total exp, including reduction In
principal OF public debt:
3,J05, ,T54.127 3,o57 o. 1865 5,53S, ,050,6s9
Excess OF expenditures:
s167. .5T1 977 Sa4, ,f6S. 703 .....
Excess OF receipts
The New York herald., 1921-12-06
Common sense Is Paramount.

"Made up from tire continuing body
OF public employees and concerned
simply with the unihcation ot the busi-
ness machine. thelr sphere ie one OUT
side Of politics and OF general policy
and Ia the realm aiorc OF buriness com-
mon sense.
These agencies derive their author
ity solely from the President, but the
same reasons OF convenience and ehl-
cheney which led tho President 90 use
the machinery OF the Bud got Bureau
IN connection with the imposition or
executive business policy upon the bust
ness administration make advisable a
ciose supervisory contact between the
Director OF the Budget and the coor-
dinating agencies GRATED by Executive
order now in operating existence
The condition OF governmental bugi-