davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
Reviewed by
T. COMMERFORD MARTIN

Such a title as the above, discussing
how TO use coal as a fuel, seems at
first glance rather pleonastic, but Il
m1y interest the uninitiated to know
that powdered coal renders other SER
vices than helping to reduce the high
cost OF living. Not so long ago the
best Bell telephone transmitters en-
ployed ground up coal in the dia-
phragm chamber, but perhaps the
company has been compelled by its
costliness to give II up.
That arch chemist OF the new electro
metallurgical era, Acheson, has with
the aid Of coal dust, made baby dia-
monds, given a new material to the
industries and a new word to the
vocabularfes In "carborundum"; and
more latterly has added to the eco
nomics OF mechanism a marvellous
new lubricant in "oildag." Evidently
the coal tafs are not having Il all their
own way; the coal dusts are coming
into their own as well.
The Ideas OF the average citizen
about powdered fuel have centred
around the huge c1iim piles with which
the unnsthetic Pennsylvania miner
has emulated the overhanging AL
ieghanies and adorned In iugubrious
pyramids the Lehigh and Wyoming
valleys. The travelled American seek
ing warmth abroad has also become
acquainted with tho curious round
Salisbury steaks OF combustible tAat
are dropped with miserly hand into
the dolls house CRATES OF Europe. But.
as this most interesting book shows,
however, u not only pays 10 use up
detritus at the pits mouth or In bril-
auettes. hut 20 comminute tho coal
before Il gets under the boiler in the
power plant. or In cement kilns. or I'm
numerous metallurgicai processes.
Striking advances and improvements
have been made In the creation OF
what Is almost an artificial fuel by
means Of crushing or triturating the
crud. coal. and In its utilization inside
the furnace. Many Illustrations could
be given from this country. but excel
lent examples Of saving and enhanced
efficiency are afforded also BY Eng
land ana France. while Italy ana japan
are also eagerly on the inquirer's
bench. with their slender native sup
plies OF fuel.
An occasional technical treatise Is
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

earlier. However, / do not blame the
Anglo Saxons here for desiring their
ideals, institutions and traditions to be
the basis for assimilation. The Anglo
Saxons are the best colonizers In the
world: wherever they have gone they
have spread the ideals Of liberty and
equal opportunity.
"Those who favor restriction or I'M
migration, passage of laws which pro-
hibit aliens from owning land, who
discriminate against them In employ
ment and suppress the use OF foreign
languages. pleading the fear Of Boil
shevism, are hypocrites, masking be-
hind these pretences their fear or the
competition of the immigrant.
while I do not think II necessary
for the Government to control immi-
grafton. It does seem highly essential
that Congress appoint, as Miss Keilor
suggests, committees to dig up all the
facts and fallacies cluttering up this
question and present the whole case
TO the American people. IL Is through
ignorance that we have failed to rec
ognize the valuable possibilities Of the
Immigrant; our banks have been bit
slow in welcoming the trade with for
eigners; possibly We are snobbish. al
though in a democratic country that
is an Inconsistency. / feelsthat the
solution lies In the schools. One can
hardly expect TO change the preju-
dices and customs of the parents. but
their children can be assimilated In
the schools, with the right kind OF
sympathetic instruction and respect
for the immigrants' traditions. Tho
children are only too eager TO become
Americans; II is our fault II they do
not become the right kind"
In the Introduction To her book Miss
Kellor includes Mr.. warburg and his
brother Felix In a long list OF dts
tinguished Americans who have aided
in constructive work for immigrants.
Their views are not those Of mere OBJ
servers from the outside. Felix War
burg, In personal interview. reen-
forced his brothers expressed convic-
tions. adding his individual emphasis
on certain points. He agrees with Miss
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
He Went to School to the Laborer
.HATQ ON

WHATS ON THE WORKERS MIND.
BY whiting Williams Charles Scrib-
ner's Sons.
What IL America facing? Where win
the present labor unrest lead us7 What
is going TO follow the strike? The
various answers that have been made
to these questions, by far the most
important questions now confronting
the United States. have been based
principally upon theory, upon conJec-
ture Few. however. have come from
anywhere In the vicinity OF the ranks
Of the workers themselves.
The author Of this book dropped his
position an head of the personnel de-
partmsnt Of a great corporation. for
sook his identity, donned an old suit,
put q few dollars In his pocket, and for
half q year earned his livelihood as a
manual worker In Americas greatest
coal and iron mines and steel mills.
He was a laborer emong laborers, 90
when he went Job hunting he met the
tnsvftable rebun. He was far from
home. SO he couldn't borrow.
The man was Whiting williams, per-
sonnsi director OF the Hydraulic
Pressed Steel Company. and well
known M an authority ON labor mat
ters. Mr.. williams, who later went to
England TO undergo the same ordeal
there. with the same purpose In view,
determined upon this move when the
unrest In America developed TO the
point Of constituting serious menace.
Il knew that the man In the mill was
40 human as. myself" he said, telling
OF his experience. IT knew that he
would talk frankly 20 a fellow worker,
ana knew that this was the only way
Of really getting close 20 him.
Before we lay the blame upon
those others or talk about trying some
other plan. all Of us. whether we hap
pen % think OF ourselves as I'm the
group of persons called Capital or
Management or Labor or the Public.
should arrange 20 put into this present
schsms q larger MEASURE Of tina two
elements which are likely to prove
sovereign for these trying times--e
Throushont the ak months Mr..
Williams kept diary. the compiling
of which little vclume n story In
itssif. We made lettings nj all hourp--
q A. M. 1ust before starting work;
midniEht when he was about TO turn
'n.- and during the day when hs was
out Of . Job. Here are few para
grnphsi
-Tankton. July 4. 1919.
IAN thinGs considered. the hardest
and worst Job 10 date. and the closest
shave yet also. from being nred from
H. And the closest 10 being laid out
BY the combination Of JOB. sun and
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

foreman-and to being Drained by the
last named. So I'm thankful for being
alive and still on deck, though by
narrow margin"
"Stackton, Tuesday, Feb. 4.
Always bricks. bricks. and more
bricks-hot, cold and medium-till
back and arms whispered to suggest
that we double cross bricks the rest
OF our natural lives. After a day or
two of bricks had passed l asked some-
body, What timer and was Informed
oh, about nine-tirty.' ! never was so
surprised and disappointed. But /
couldn't stop moving those bricks II
hate to think how feel about bricks)
until finally. at the end OF a Phila-
delphia week, twelve o'clock came and
we could eat our lunch out of our bags
"a half hour-and then start moving
more bricks until A. M"
"Stackton, Wednesday. Feb. IL.
Here's an example in physical
arithmetic:
From Monday evening to Monday
evening, on night turn. man hero
works eighty-seven out Of the weeks
16s hours. OF the remaining eighty-one
he sleeps, at seven hours day. a total
of forty-nine; eats not over ten: walks
or travels In a street car. say. ten !;
dresses, shaves, tends furnace, un-
dresses, winds alarm -clock and gets oc-
casional drink, say. eight. What does
he think the rest Of the time--during
all those remaining four hours!"
'5tackton, Feb. 20.
Il believe instruction could be givef,
even to the labor gang-I'd like to
give a talk on the art Of shovellins.
II would probably eliminate the fore
man, whose only word 10 an oath. That
oath confuses the beginner and
hardcns the old hand by robbing him
Of his interest I'm the fine points Of his
job and forcing him. for his own self
respect, to take refuge In his. 'Aw.
what the heili'
"But even as n II the men DO take
interest In their Job. Yesterday two
helpers had a knock down fight-over
q shoveii After six men had succeeded
IN pulling them apsrt--each with his
hands fun OF the other fellows clothes
the superintendent got nowhere at
an by reminding them that the shovel
actually belonged TO the company.
Each insisted.
any shoveii I use II tree monts.
NY shovel-he take IT,
-Milivsie. "Wednesday night, March 10
"1t's queer how little conversation
I've run into anywhere about capital
and labor. Bolsheviki and such things.
There was certainly more OF II at the
boarding house In stackton than I've
YET found hsrs.~
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

yourselves. That u very wrong Of
us but you do not let US talk in your
papers, why should We listen TO you
In ours7 You do not care what we
think about any question. surely not
politics, for see the way our young
Italians are used as 'repeaters' at vot-
Ing time!
And so we think that since all
that wins an Americans respect Is
the dollar we must gather many dol
lars, and then no one can hurt us In
this free land. That Is wrong or US;
and although we ali come ov~f only
TO make more money than In EUROPE
there are so many things to lovo about
this wonderful America that we forget
the dollars and want, to become
American citizens II you will but help
us to live decently as Americans and
not in dirty huts and shacks such as
you think we are used to in Europe.
We don't enjoy living like that, though
every one will say Why. you ought
| to be glad just to be in America. What
did you have in Europe2' That is the
very reason we left Europel
Now the other Sunday, New York
notice IL was not the American
Government but New York city--did
very nice thing. 1t gave a concert
and entertainment for the immigrants
at Ellis Island. with songs, speeches
and dialogues in foreign languages,
even Hindu, to welcome these lonely
strangers, hungry for the hand of fell
lowship. Why is not Ellis Island
cleaned up, the buildings enlarged and
an ideal of American life introduced
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
Pulverizing Coal Prices

charged with a broad public interest.
This is one of them. The utilities that
give us gas. electricity. heat, light and
transportation will find II helpful in
their efforts TO steady rates. The in
dustrialist with war profits cut 10 the
bone will seek to redress the scale at
the CRATE bar. And the dweller In
Manhattan will renew hope fast fad
ing that he and the carboniferous age
are not going bankrupt together.
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
Revisw-Iutesview
BY FANNIE FERBSTEIN


HAUL WARBURG. former vice.
r. governor Of the Federal Reserve
Board, In an interview on Mise
Kellor's book. agreed fully with the
authors conclusions that the "immi-
grant Is worth while to America, so
much so that this country can no
longer afford to be indifferent to the
immigration question"
The strongest and best man ma
terial of Europe comes here" said Mr..
Warburg, ''for it takes a strong heart
and an ambitious character to tear IT.
self up by the roots, leave home, FAM
lily, friends, and travel, usually mid
all the unpleasantness Of third class,
to the uncertainty Of new life In a
new land, where the language is q
babel and the people are Indifferent
strangers. Men who dare privations
like this have something to give
America. II we let them give us what
they have, they will not erect race and
religious barriers to preserve their en-
tity.
IT object strongly to any barriers;
not that I want coiorless melting OF
the races, but surely 1t isn't neces-
sary for. say. the Hungarians to wear
their colorful costumes or dance their
czardas on the streets, nor for the
Italians to eat only spaghetti. to re-
main true to themselves. Look at the
splendid qualities the Scandinavian
and Norwegian farmers of the North
west have developed, and the steadi-
ness and thriftiness of the Germans
throughout Pennsylvania. Who are the
immigrants after all? Is not America
an immigrant country, so to speak, for
though the English claim to be the
original settlers, the Dutch were here
ahead Of them, and the Danes even
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

The japanese language, says Mr.. T.
Philip Terry, author of "Terry's Guide
to the Japanese Empire" (Houghton
Mifiin), possesses no swear words, so
when a Japanese is rolled he gets icily
polite and calls his enemy an honor
able donkey or raw baby. While
these euphemisms don't sound very
lethal TO us. it Is said that many have
been manhandled for using them.
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
Women as Wage-Earners

that at present the salaries are quite
too low for the amount Of prepara-
ton and skill invested in them, and
it is even more interesting to note
that the more closely the careers de-
velop along the lines Of women's spe-
cial abilities and interests the larger
the salaries. 1t is the restaurant man
ager who gets $4,000 a year and the
style expert who gets $4,000
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
Militant Women
JAILED EoR FREEDOM. BY Doris
Stevens. Boni & Liveright.

stevens. BOni q LiVerlBnt.
Martyrs are a most annoying breed
of humans. Not all martyrs, of course,
have a winning cause, or even a good
cause, and seldom do they get chance
TO sit down and within a couple of years
write whole book saying II told you
So" Miss Stevens, one of the militant
suffragettes who picketed the White
House, has leaped at her opportunity
with unholy joy. OF course the
activities OF these picketers and their
sufferings did not bring on woman
suffrage. They demanded the vote
and the vote was given them, which
proves conclusively that they had
nothing to do with it, or everything,
according to how you look at 1t. But
their more immediate object, which
was to make the Government frantic,
was certainly accomplished, unless
this book is an incredibly clever web
Yof forgeries.
The general feeling of the book Is
not of Indignation, but sort or con-
temptuous amusement. The ladies set
out to tickle the animals hind leg,
so as to prove he was a mule. A
strenuous form of sport, but one that
seems to have netted them an Inn
mense satisfaction. The author ap-
pends to her history group OF photo
graphs of the desperate suffragettes,
whose ferocity required such heroic
treatment by their jailers. Their faces
are something of a shock. They look
like the commencement crowd at any
woman's college, with the old grads
and students together. Good heavens
what are we coming toY
The New York herald., 1921-01-09
The Foreigner Needs More Time
Before Undertaking Citizenship

"As to status abroad OF naturalized
citizens, another of Miss Kelior's open
questions, / think We need to con-
slider this very seriously with foreign
Governments, because we ought not
to be willing TO allow American citi-
zenship to be sneezed at in Germany
or any other country. We do not
want European countries to force
naturalized Americans into military
service when they return to their. na-
tive lands.
"Our American Consuls abroad
ought TO be carefully chosen men OF
good judgment, but / don't favor CIV
ing them unlimited powers Of pass
ports. Money can buy passport to-
day; certainly that Is corruption Out
Of the thousands of immigrants prob
ably lined up for months at the Con-
sul's Office in Poland, for instance,
why should Smith be given a wise in
stead OF Cohen simply because Smith
can pay more for his papers?
And certainly I do not believe IN
ramming citizenship down the Ameri-
cans throat. He ought to have every
possible chance first to see the bene-
MS " hffsctit VI cittZcnSTip, tnen III
he decides TO take out his frst papers
he should have a sufficiently long
enough time In every State--not Just
few weeks as In some--to become
thoroughly saturated with American
ideas and ideals 10 know definitely
that he wants TO assume the RESPONSE
bilities OF being an American.
Their hot, passionate natures will
be cooled by contact with Anglo Saxon
reserve and repose; they are the best
little imitators I'm the world. given the
chance. Our aim ought 10 be to make
them love us. and not 10 Americanize
them. II they love us. the latter. will
not be necessary Anything forced is
unpalatable. even to oppressed Euro
peans and Asiatics, and they resent
swallowing Americanism even more
than other 1sms' because they have
looked upon us as In the one land where
freedom Is absolute and not relative
So that believe that the entire re-
sponsibility of the immigrant problem
rests with the schools"
The immigrants point of view Is
clearly outlined by Mr.. stefano Miele,
a naturalized Italian lawyer. repre-
senting the Italians in the Interracial
Council. He declares enthusiastically
that Miss Kellor. who has worked with
the Interracial Council for years, gives
the fairest and most human interpre-
| tation of the facts
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

schools or the various "Y's," and Inn
mediately made to feel that he is an
important part of the country TO
which he has brought everything he
has In the world. He should see that
we do care whether he lives in a dirty
hut or a decent home. What happens
to-day? An Armenian comes over; II
greeted by Armenian church workers;
Is taken to live In the Armenian dis
trict; goes to the Armenian church;
reads Armenian papers: hears only the
Armenian language. for he buys In
Armenian shops around him; he 10
married by Armenian priests and
buried by them. Has he any way OF
becoming an American citizen?
$50 with the allen of all the races
that come here. Why don't We try to
make the rest of America as attractive
to him as New York is at first, simply
because he thinks all his relatives are
located here? The immigrant ought to
be assisted In getting to the open
country; factory walls and crowded
shops are fatal to his body, used 10
fields and mountains.
Instead of letting their padrones
exploit and cheat them In their cheap,
shoddy stores and banks, why do not
our department stores open branches
in the foreign districts and give the
East Side as honorable a deal as Fifth
avenue? The banks have been slower
in establishing branches In these dis
tricts, partly through snobbishness.
which Is actually funny in democratic
America, but through genuine fear
of the aliens temperamental disposi-
ton which often leads him to make
runs on a bank, thus destroying the
institutions reputation.
The Post Office Department
Might Do More to Aid Aliens.
But why must you and see on
Fifth avenue, since the war especially.
the opening of Swedish. Dutch. Polish,
Russian and all sorts of foreign banks.
controlled by their various Govern
ments, drawing the aliens savings
back to the home country. simply be-
cause we aren't interested enough to
keep them here or think there isn't
enough money In It? Why does not
the Post ONCE Department open for
eign exchange stations. with RESPONSE
BILE naturalized citizens in charge, ex-
planning to aliens: Come TO us with
your money orders and registered let
ters; we take care of the Americans
mail and are obligated for every penny
of 1t. You can trust us. too
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

IAIsuGRATION AND THE FUTURE
BY Frances Keilor. George H. Doran
Company.
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

POWDERED COAL AS A FUEL. BY
c. F. Herington. M. T.. ID. Van
Nostrand Company
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

"As for assimilation Of foreigners
on an Anglo-Saxon basis-if that
means purely American ideals and
traditions, yes; but NOT the English
or other type of European domination
with Its caste and class system.
would hate to see foreign languages
shut out. simply from a cultural View
point. Though feel that the national
and official language should be Eng
lish. Foreign newspapers ought to
print their news both in English and
their own language and they ought to
place emphasis on American news and
progress rather than the Hungarian
or Polish or Balkan scandals. All of
us ought to be able to read a foreign
newspaper tp know exactly where we
stand.
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

IAN thinGs considered. the hardest
and worst Job 10 date, and the closest
shave yet. also. frcu being nred from
H. And the closest 10 being laid out
BY the combination Of Job. sun and
The New York herald., 1921-01-09

WARBURQ, former vice.
governor Of the Federal Reserve
= Board, In an interview on Mise
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-02-09
MT. VERNON

EAST-Mrs. Annie Turner has re-
turned TO her home here after passing
several weeks in Greenwood, Mass.
Fred lngham has been confined to the
house for the past week with catarrh-
al jaundice.
The quarantine for diphtheria was
removed from the home of E. A. Cot
tie last Friday.
Edward p. Phelps, who was called
here by the, death of his little son,
Richard, and was obliged TO remain
for several weeks because Of the i'll
ness of his wife. returned to New York
Saturday, where he is teacher in the
New York University at University
Heights. n, Y. Mrs Phelps accom-
panied him.
A. e. Phelps, who has been stopping
at the home of Eugene Turner for the
past five weeks, returned to his home
in Greenwood. Mass.,> on Saturday.
Miss Mildred Ingharh. who has been
seriously i'll with the measles for the
past three weeks. is so far recovered
as to be about the house.
Miss Ruth lngham is now confined
in bed with measles.
Miss Virginia Ingham passed the
weekend with her aunt, Mrs. J.. D.
French in Winthrop.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-02-09
BELGRADE

\ lecture will be given at Belgrade
Grange hall Friday evening, Feb. Ii.
illustrated with stereopticon slides.
The, lecture will be given by Thomas
Leonard of Augusta, County Y. NJ. c.
A. Secretary. Subject of lecture is
America and Her Resources" with
views from the battlefields of France.
The entertainment will be followed by
a social and refreshments.
The first and second degree was
worked at Belgrade Grange Saturday
evening. Feb. 5 on a class of six. Feb
ruary u there will be degree work
with harvest supper
Miss Marcia Mnot of WatervilIe was
a recent guest of Mrs. eJnn:e Wad-
leigh.
Miss Mertie Chandler is employed in
the family OF George E. Farnham.
Mrs, b. P. Stuart is passing a few
days in Augusta with her husband.
Mrs. Mary Tibbetts, who has been
quite i'll at the home of her nephew,
Andrew Page, is improving.
E: P.~sMcKissick was business Wis
itor at the Capital Monday.
Miss Mildred Thing, who is teaching
in Hallowell, passed the weekend at
her home here.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-02-09
ICEBORO

Mr.. and Mrs. Raymond Farley and
two children and Mrs. Morris Barter
and two children all Of Bath have
been visiting at the home of Henry
Farley.
Fred Galusha, who has been i'll
with neuralgia, is able to be out
again.
Elder H. w, Carr. of Portland and
Miss Walsh of Lewiston passed the
week end here and held a service at
the Reed meeting house on Satur-
day.
Mrs Maude Mooney. who is nurs-
ing in Gardiner, passed a day at her
home here last week.
Mrs. George Farley. who has been
quite III, is better and has been out.
Mr.. and Mrs. Austin Brown of
Waterville visited friends here on
Saturday last, making. the trip by
auto. F-ssSss
Mrs. John Longfell and little
daughter Ethel Of Rumford and
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-02-09
st. Marks Mems Club Hold
Successful Country Store

The Mems Club of st. Marks church
held very novel and successful en-
tertainment which they called "a
Country store" in the parish house
Tuesday afternoon and evening. The
store was stocked with groceries,
fruit, confectionery. smokes and all
sorts OF. merchandise which should
regularly be found in a first class
small town store. Otis Douglass was
the storekeeper and his numerous and
efficient clerks were kept on the jump