davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1921-10-02

Even supposing that Mustapha
Kemars army were defeated. the
difficulties in which Greece is in
volved would not disappear nor
appre6ably diminish. The Turks
have always succeeded in wearing
down their assailants with
stubborn resistance made of fanat-
icism. and. at the same time, Of
national pride and dignity. Greece
is still far from having crushed
military resistance in Asia Minor.
But is she quite sure of being able
to do so in Thrace and in the other
lays claim? Will it be possible for
her to bear the strain much longer
without succumbing under her
Self-imposed effort? >
y + X 4
These are queries to which it is
difficult to give a positive answer.
The settlement of eastern Europe
is taking place in the absence of
two Of the parties most directly
concerned, Russia and Germany.
who have the greatest interest in
the matter. Germany, vanquished
in war, cannot take part in the
discussion of peace problems; Rus
sia, exhausted by the efforts sus-
tained in the war, superior to her
strength and energies. has fallen
into commissions and writhes be-
tween communism and starvation,
between two evils of which it is
difficult to say which is the result
Of the other.
But this state of things cannot
last. long. and in a few years
time one hundred and fifty million
Russians and seventy million Ger
mans. or about half the population
of Europe, now excluded from all
debates and decisionssswill want
to make their voic9 Nard. And
the longer they have suffered in
silence the louder and stronger
Will De tnat voice.
X x X X
I have always had the liveliest
sympathy for Greece and on more
than one occasion have been glad
to support her claims. have
never believed that the interests of
Greece and italy could be antago-
nistic. But do believe that to en-
courage Greece in her ambition
and in her hopes Of new territorial
acquisitions would be to lead her
deliberately toward future not
only uncertain and obscure, but
full of ruin and wars. The less
Greece demands the more she will
be able to keep. If she will fnd
the way toward friendly agree
ment with the Turks she will have
followed the only policy Of peace
conducive not only to her inter-
ests, but to her very existence.
The dangers through which Eu-
rope is passing are so great that
conservatism means life and Sc
curity and even progress.
The new aspirations OF Hellenism
represent return to a past of
strife and ruin rather than the
vision of a calm and secure fu-
ture. The best and most profitable
conauests to which Greece may
now aspire are those which she
viii have the strength to forese.
lcepyfisht, 1e2I)
Evening star., 1921-10-02

there are now three branches of the
government, each coming under a diff
ferent department. and each with its
own switchboard. connected by a num-
ber Of mileage lines with its depart
ment. It is planned to have one switch
board for this building as for other
buildings where similar conditions pre-.
vail, and have them connected with
their central departments through the
general mileage line service. This viii
enable the government to save the ex.
pense of thousands Of dollars for mile
age fees. &-.
!. There are other instances where a
bureau Of department Is housed in a
separate building. Instead Of providing
switchboard in the building and con-
Meeting it with 4 few mileage lines,
there is a separate mileage line for each
telephone in the Office. This, 1t was
pointed out, is very expensive. Switch-
boards will be installed In these In.
stances. Il = 2
The Investigation to date has shown
that several thousand dollars in mile
age fees can be saved, aside from op-
orators salaries. The. Investigation IL
being continued, andit Is expected that
further savings can. be erected. As
soon. as It lis complete the report and
win be made. to the
bureau, Of the budget,for action. p
Evening star., 1921-10-02
PLAN TO EFFECT A BIG SAVING
BY REORGANIZING TELEPHONES

General Reorganization of the govern
mental telephone system in the District
Of Columbia with view to saving
thousands Of dollars in mileage rates
for leased wires and promoting efficiency
is being planned. Assistant Controller
General of the United States CHM is
conducting a special investigation Of
the subject.
In number, Of places switchboards
will be consolidated and a number of
salaries Of telephone operators will be.
saved, with the consequent saving Of
mileage costs, which amount to hun
dreds OF dollars.
s. 1t has been found during the course
Of the investigation that there are some
buildings which house fwo Or three
branches Of the government, connected
with the departments under which they
come, with mileage lines. Each branch
has its own switchboard with the neces-
sary operators.
Under the plans now being worked
out. it is proposed to put one switch
board in each building. For instance,
in the ,o6 general land ONCE building
Evening star., 1921-10-02
FIVE SCIENTISTS CHOSEN.
Agriculture Experts to Study Land
Utilization.

Secretary Wallace has chosen five
scientists of the Department Of Agri-
culture to consider the problem Of
land utilization. They are DIR. l.. {.
Gray. agricultural economist; c. V.
Piper, agrostologist. in charge of for
age crop Investigations; DR.. q. NJ
Rommel, chief of the animal hus-
bandry division; c. +. Marbut, in
charge of soil survey, and f. L. Car
ter. assistant forester.
Consideration will be given to such
factors as present and prospective
production, domestic consumption and
foreign demand and indicated in
crease in population. The committee
probably will undertake also a COM
prehensive survey Of available farm
lands in the United States.
Evening star., 1921-10-02

ginning with the vilayet Of Adrian
ople.
A few military successes have
now sufficed to put a keener edge
on the imperialistic appetites of
Greece. Her statesmen and her
press regard the treaty of Sevres
only as a fundamental character.
determining her relations with
the allies and with the enemy and
constituting for Greece a claim to
rights which cannot be modified or
disputed. Not only. therefore. does
Greece not intend to make any
further concessions to the enemy,
as she declared she would do be-
fore the present war started, but
she appears to think that the war
itself gives her novel rights and
claims. These new rights do not
in the least interfere with the con.
cessions already obtained (Which,
on the contrary, are strengthened
and rendered intangible), but rem.
der fresh concessions necessary.
There are many in Greece who
aspire to Constantinople, forget
ting that ,Constantinople and the
regime of the straits are of an
international Importance too great
to permit Of Europe's confiding
them to one state alone, which,.
besides, represents but a small
clinical minority. They also for
get that the idea Of a military ac-
tion against Constantinople is in
itself absurd, as the capital of the
old Turkish empire is practically
held and garrisoiled by the troops
of the entente.
Meanwhile Greece, in the midst
of her dreams OF greatness, sees
the very foundations of her pros
perity endangered. Forced to keep
on a war footing an army, which,
together with the Polish. is the
most numerous now in existence,
having regard to the population.
she daily sees her credit declining.
and her resources dwindling. The
economic situation Of Greece can
not but grow from bad to worse.
Evening star., 1921-10-02
BY N. o. MESSENGER.

~ RESIDENT HARDING at the begin
L. ming Of this week and of the month of
October. finds himself facing mass of
a great questions and public business of
large volume and surprising Importance. Some
of the questions have been in the formative
period for months past, and are now approach
Ing the time Of settlement and solving. He is
not to have the sole responsibility in the
fruition of these ripening problems of state
craft and legislation but he is largely concerned
therein. and the duties of leadership, counsel
and advice devove upon him.
For piping times of peace, such as these be,
the position of general manager of the largest
going concern in the world-that is to say. the
office Of President of the United States-is by
no means sinecure nor invested with any ele-
ments of idle dalliance.
The President shows his realization of this
fact in his demeanor. His callers note his seri-
BUSINESS OF countenance and gravity Of manner
when they come to see him on business.
x X \ X
Not even President always have things
go just to his liking, for he cannot control men
and events. although in his elevated position
and with his opportunity for broad outlook and
encompassing vision he may get completer
and reader INSTALLATION Of what should be
than those who are in the swirling maelstrom
of affairs 1t is for him but to urge and advise
and he must bear the brunt of the chaf1ng when
results do not materialize rapidly nor in the
way desired.
1t is easily conceivable that the chief execu-
tive must exercise an infinite degree Of patience,
or at least refrain from showing impatience.
lest he lay himself open to the charge of die
tatng and domineering, role which President
Harding would not find agreeable. especially in
dealing with Congress.
X X X x
Yet it need not surprise any one il President
Harding takes occasion very shortly again to
suggest to Congress in very gentle and diplo-
matte. though pointed. way the desirability of
pushing to completion some of the legislation
which seems to be tagging. This is likely to
be done in communication to some republican
leader in the Senate, taking the form of sug-
gestion rather than complaint.
X X
Republican leaders in the Senate are con-
cerned over the present status of the tax re-
vision bill. and the coming week will bring many
conferences among the several groups repre-
senting conflicting views on the tax provisions
pending and proposed. The differences Of opin-
Evening star., 1921-10-02
BY FRANCISCO NITTI,
Former Premier Of Italy.

~ REECE is fighting I'M Asia
Minor; the Athens papers
announce that Mustapha
Kemars army has been
routed.
The dreams of Hel1enism begin
once more to take form and con-
sistency; Constantine, at the head
of the victorious Greek army, is to
march into Constantinople (for
does not the city bear his nameO,
and Asia Minor must be subjected
to a new revision, for the treaty OF
Sevres can no longer be regarded
as satisfactory. in view of the new
situation which has arisen.
To tell the truth, the wholesale
destruction Of Kemal Pasha's army
is anything but an accomplished
fact; it is a pious aspiration rather
than solid reality. On the other
hand, even if the Greek claims
were true, they would have but
little effect on the situation. as the
strength of Turkey has always con-
sisted In her immense powers of
resistance. She conquers by pass
lively resisting; she wears out her
enemies, having time as her invin-
chile ally.
y y X y
BY one of its strange freaks, des-
tiny seems to have chosen King
Constantine to carry out what was
always the dream of Venizelos-
the creation of great Greek en-
pire firmly based on the sea, the
transformation of the Aegean
coasts on both shores into Greek
territories.
The treaty of Sevres has been the
result of Venizelos' most powerful
and most intelligent effort. He
succeeded in obtaining from tl,&1
entente all that was possible, tKHl
very maximum in the way Of con-
cessions. 1 have seldom met in my
political career men who possessed
patriotism so exalted and ability
so great as Venizelos. When gave
him adviaes of moderation in a
friendly manner, pointing out the
necessity to limit the demands Of
Z Greece. 1 was never met in a stub
born or Incorporate spirit. He
knew how to ask and how to get
what he wanted, he took advan-
tage of every circumstance and
made use Of every resource with
greater skill and ability than any
other European statesman. He
asked with the air of one who is
offering something, and when he
won his point he looked as If he
had been granted afavor.
y 4 y X
The treaty of Sevres is full Of
huge mistakes. chiefly due to the
skill and activity of venizelos. who
succeeded in obtaining from the
entente, in the interests OF Greece,
concessions which may we'll be
regarded as an absurdity.
The confines of European Turkey
are reduced to the line.-o Chatal--
gia, which means that Turkey
practically disappears from Eu-,
rope, the only derelict being Com
stantinople, the seat Of the caliph.
an International rather than a.
Turkish city. 1t is true that the
treaty. Of sevres says that the con-
tracing. states are agreed in. re-
Evening star., 1921-10-02
ARTILLERY DECORATED.
u. S. Second Division Units Honor
ed by French Government.

ed Dy trencn government.
Artillery regiments. the 4th Machire.
Gun Battalion, and the trains and othe>.
headquarters units of the wartime
I'd Division of the American Army
have been awarded decorations by the
French war minister. The citations
permit the units name to wear the
French fourragerre or shoulder cord
and the ribbon Of the French war
cross. so that all units Of the I'd Di-
vision now have been similarly deco.
rated by the French.
The division took part in major
operations at Chateau Thierry. Vaux,
Soissone, ST Mihiel, Blanc Mont and
the Meuse- -Argonne and the units now
decorated include the 18th and 18th
Field Artillery. stationed at Camp
Travis, Tex, and the 18th Field Ar
tillery, at Camp Bragg, N. C. The 4th
Machine Gun Battalion has been
broken up in the Army organization
into Company II. 18th Infantry, and
Company II. 4sth Infantry.
Evening star., 1921-10-02

TIME price of manufactured
l goods is coming down: the
price of farm products is 60
. ing up-that is one Of the
Evening star., 1921-10-02
TENDENCY OF PRICES
BENEFIT TO FARMER
Conclusion of Joint Congressional Com
mittee on Agricultural Inquiry.
Better Times for ALL

sumption over there, increase in eN-
ports should also help to improve
farm prices.
One of the disturbing elements as
well as one of the obstacles to reach
ing a more stable price level. which
would represent a fairly normal divi-
sion Of rewards of labor and capital
as Chairman Andersn sees it's the
fact that the elements of the cost
Of doing business have not been re-
duced in anything like the proportion
that prices generally have fallen. This
prevents the consumer from obtain
ing the full advantage of reduction
in commodity prices.
That is to say that the spread be-
tween wholesale and retail prices has
not been reduced in the same proper
tion as wholesale prices. The cost in
between the wholesale and retail
prices. whether composed of profits or
wages or transportation charges, or
other service elements. have not come
down to the same extent as wholesale
prices have come down. The Joint
congressional committee on agricul-
tural inquiry is trying to find the rea-
sons for this.
Effect OF Declinlng Market.
In declining market the owner Of
goods is confronted with two alter
natives. He must Sell his goods as
fast as he can. taking relatively small
losses a each turnover as prices go
down; or. he must hold his goods in
anticipation of better prices later,
which he can do only if he has credit
enough to hold them.
If he holds he takes the risk of being
obliged to sell when the market
reaches the bottom.
The farmers opportunity for making
choice between these two alterna-
tives is limited by these two facts:
First. much of what he produces
must be marketed while it is ready
regardless of the price at the time
Second. because a carry-over crop
| may result in acting as a drag on
prices for the new crop. consequently
increasing his total loss instead of
decreasing it,
The farmers difficulties and losses
are further increased by the fact that
agricultural prices have come down
| faster than the prices of other COM
| modities. SO that his cost of produc-
| tion and cost of living remained rela-
lively high during all the period when
his prices were going down.
Evening star., 1921-10-02
Greece's Imperial Aspirations May Lead
to Her Economic Ruin and Future Wars

specting the rights and claims of
the Ottoman government on Con-
stantinople, which continues to be
the capital of the Ottoman empire,
but always subject to the reserva-
tions of the treaty itself. AS ap-
piled to political regime. this
means nothing hut controlled
liberty" just as it was said, until
a few years ago, that Russia was
a constitutional monarchy under
an autocratic czar. According to
the treaty of Sevres, Constantinople
is the free capital of the Turkish
empire, subject to the reservations
and conditions contained in the
treaty, which, as a matter of fact,
destroy or limit all liberty.
Greece had succeeded in obtaining,
both in Europe and in Asia Minor,
concessions Of such exceptional i'm
portance that never believed. and
do not now believe. that she can hold
them long or permanently.
+ + + X
But the Greeks are once more in
a state Of frenzied excitement and
dissatisfaction. They regard the
Sevres treaty as quite insufficient
for their claims; the successes of
the Greek arms, always rather ex-
aggerated by the press. push them
on to advance new and always
more ambitious demands.
Before 1913-namely, before the
Balkan wars-Greece had an extern
sion of 64,657 square kilometers
and a population Of 2.631,952 in
habitants. After the Balkan wars
her territory was almost doubled
,G20.000 square kilometers). while
her population increased to 1861
81 inhabitants. 1t is difficult to
calculate exactly what further in
crease would have been effected as
result of the treaty Of Sevres.
but it would certainly have been
proportionately still greater. Greece
has annexed great number Of
territories completely, or preva-
lently Turkish and not Greek, be-
Evening star., 1921-10-02
Harding Leadership May Be Needed
To Clear Mass Of Public Business

gress but he is believed now to realize that it
will not be possible to do This prospect Is
disappointing to him to the republican
leaders in Congress. but he and they are con-
fronting the inexorable fight of time and the
physical impossibility of handling such great
measure offhand and while other affairs of more
pressing urgency going through the
works."
There is compensation to the Congress
leaders In the thought that. after ALL little
delay in the enactment Of the tariff bill may
have its good points. Is is taken for granted
that there will be extension Of the life of
the temporary measure now on the statute
books which will protect the agricultural inter-
ests. Meantime before the permanent law is
enacted there can reasonably be expected a re-
adjustment of industrial affairs abroad, which
will give the American lawmakers more assured
ground for framing a tariff which is to stand
for years.
Politically considered the drawback to delay
is the prospect of the new and permanent law
coming into force about the time the next con-
gressional elections approaching. with the
possibility of its provisions being seized upon
by the opposition to be worked into political
capital. The republican party had one sad ex-
perfence of that kind. when tariff law went
into effect just prior to the elections, and swept
the republicans out of power.
x * X X
Careful inquiry among republican polltlclanS
fails to disclose the existence of any serious
feeling of apprehension as to the near political
future of their party. however. All who went
back to their homes during the recent recess
of Congress kept an attentive ear to the ground
for rumblings of serious discomfort and it
not be said that any alarming reports have been
brought back to Washington.
1t is true. according to reports. that
tain amount of impatience continues to be ex-
pressed over the delay in passing the tax BILL
but the conservative opinion is that this will
vanish when the bill becomes law. between
now and the adjournment of the extra session
Several republican leaders of national promi-
nence were in Washington last week and took
occasion to urge haste in enacting the tax law
urging that it would be well nigh fatal to the
party should the extra session merge into the
regular session without the bill being ready for
the Presidents signature.
They were assured by their friends in Con-
gress that there is reasonable prospect of
such thing coming to pass. and that the re-
publicans Of the Senate thoroughly alive to
the political necessities Of the case
Copyright, 1921. BY The Washington star)
Evening star., 1921-10-02

REECE is fighting IN Asia
Minor; the Athens papers
announce that Mustapha
Kemars army has been
Evening star., 1921-10-02

ion are sharp, and in some instances are feared
to be irreconcilable to adjustment except
through the verdict of a majority vote in the
Senate after long debate.
Several leading republican senator's are ap-
prehensive lest the tax bill may have to be prac-
ticaly rewritten from the form in which 1t was
reported out of the committee .on finance. "A
virtual avalanche of amendments to the bill
threatens to descend upon it, and combinations
are forming among senators in favor of par
ticular amendments. without regard to party
lines. The bloc system appears to be flourish
ing like the green bay tree.
Toward the close of the week there in
evidence revival Of interest in the substitute
tax plan proposed some time ago by Senator
Smoot of Utah. The Smoot bill. contemplating
smpliacation Of the general tax system and the
raising Of revenue from six principal sources,
was rejected at first by the tax revisers Sem
ator Smoot bided his time. predicting that when
the bill got into the Senate 1t would be loaded
down with amendments. and that the leaders
might turn to his idea for salvation.
The main objection to the Smoot plan was
urged against the proposed sales tax manu-
features. 1t was contended that this would
tend to increase prices to the consumer, and the
farmers bloc. as we'll some other groups,
were dead set against the proposal. There is
reported to have been change of view, how
ever. and the prospect is that the Smoot pro-
visions will receive more attention from now
on than was paid to them when the bill came
into the Senate.
x x X X
The administration found cause for satisfac-
ton in the first weeks conference of best minds
on unemployment problems The progress made
in the direction of working out plans for relief
was cassed as important. with fair promise OF
something tangible and definite coming out of
the meeting. Disclosure of the fact that there
was less unemployment than estimated a month
ago in itself had good psychological effect. it
was believed by observers. Yet, it was deemed
ominous that in the midst Of the conference.
when the attention of the country was being
directed to the subject Of several millions of
workers out of employment. there should have
come the announcement that railroad men had
voted to strike rather than accept the proposed
reductions in wages.
Favorable comment was made upon the fact
that the best minds among the leaders Of the
railroad men had taken position in opposition
to strike.
X X X *
President Harding had hoped up to the last
day two that Congress could enact the per-
manent tariff law at this extra session of Con-
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1921-11-21

Nippon. Since America must rrotect
n group of islands 1000 miles from San
Francisco the strength would be right
II formed according TO the principle
that the attacking party is to have the
better chances, 50 that an outbreak Of
war can be prevented. The main CON
dition Is that there be no secret al
lance between any two Of these Powers
Thanks TO the, Hughes ratio making
an easy victory for any combination Of
two of the Powrs. the probability Of
war /" lesscned as far as the naval line
ia concerned
The main factor has not been con
sidered with sufficient clcarness.