Evening journal., 1921-08-30

wares living at the beginning OF the
present century was only about 1900.
distributed as follows: With the
Cherokee Nation in what was then
Indian Territory, $40; Wichita reser-
vation. 95; with the Stockbridges in
Wisconsin. 260; with the Chippewa
in Kansas. as; Moravians OF the
Thames. Ontario. $50; Munsees Of
Nations. on Grand river. Ontario.
$50.
Evidences OF Aboriginal Occupation
now wish to refer to that phase
Of the subject in which for many
years have been especially interest
ed. namely. the present evidence or
indications of the prehistoric occu-
pancy Of this territory.
The remains OF the most recent
aboriginal inhabitants OF this sec
ton. the Lenape or Delaware In
dians, are village and camp sites.
she'll heaps. burial places. caches and
trails. The greatest surface indica-
tions OF Indian occupancy are the
village and camp sites. There are
+, generally situated near a stream OF
water, most frequently on a we'll
drained bluff or knoll and often on a
hillock or elevation almost sur
rounded by marsh or lowlands.
Such sites are easily distinguished
and recognized by the presence OF
flint chips and cores. the refuse OF
arrow point making. fragments OF
pottery, arrow and spear heads and
other implements Of various sorts
There is no rule for telling a VII
lage from a camp site excepting. in
size; the latter are smaller. contain
fewer implements and pottery frag-
ments and the earth is less impreg-
mated with charcoal and the dark
stain Of decayed camp refuse that
marks the larger or longer occupied
site. In the southern part OF the
State extensive deposits OF shell
refuse are found along the ocean
shore and in the bay and tidewateI
inlets. where the oyster and clam
abound but as a rule these shell
heaps or mounds do not extend very
far back from the beach OF shore
line.
Smaller deposits known usually as
Kitchen midrens" are found OF
many OF the ancient village and
camp sites. These originally hav,
been bowl-shaped excavations from
two to six feet deep and when fount
are filled with black earth, darkenet
by charcoal and decayed organic
matter and frequently containing
oyster and clam shells and the bone
Of fish and animals.
The place Of Indian burial In tn
State of Delaware is impossible q
locate except by accident. as there /
b never any surface indication to poin
out the spot; artificial burial mound
do not exist in this locality. and wer
. never built by the Delawares or tn
tribes occupying the territory befor
them.
E In archaeology, the term cache 1
employed 10 designate more espe
cially certain deposits Of implement
and other objects. usually OF stone
( the most noteworthy consisting o
faxed disks. A number OF thes
caches have been found in this vicin
ity. and in all cases the stone disk
seem merely to have been buried II
5 the ground. The number OF disks Il
these deposits vary from a dozen 4
b several hundred. II is probable tha
many Of these caches Of flake
stones are storehouses Of incipien
. implements roughed out at the quar-
ries and carried away for furthe
working In many cases. the mate
r rial had been transported from IA
D distant points.
b Well authenticated evidence indl
Gated that from a period long befor
4 the coming OF the whites the India
y was familiar with places, often hun
dreds of miles distant one from an
= other, and that the natives travele
4 over the same road in going an
d coming. The constant passing owe
p the same path year after year an
e generation after generation, often S
= packed the soil that in many places
e especially on hillsides, the path
= were easily traceable for many year
= after the Indians had left this neigh
y neighborhood. Owing to the India
= habit of marching in single file. III