davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Meeker herald., 1921-01-01
CUNNING FOR PROFITEERs
AN ANCIENT PRACTICE

Profltecring In foods and high wage
demands by labor are far from being
ultra-modern problems.
Ancient Egypt logged its proflteers
in the market places and medieval
England passed maximum wage laws.
according to a communication by
Ralph a. Graves to the National Geo
graphic society, which says:
'Following the devastation Of the
Black Death In England in 1348-1340,
cultivation of the fields was utterly
impossible and there were not even
enough nbIe-bOdIed lnborers to gather
the crops which had matured. Cattle
ronmed through the corn unmOlested
and the harvest rotted where 1t stood.
.Out OF the situation which resulted
from the impoverishment of the labor,
resources Of the kingdom grew the
first great clash In England between
capital and labor. The peasants be
came masters of the situation. In some
Instances they demanded double wages,
and whereas formerly landowners had
paid one-twelfth of every quarter of
wheat MS the harvesting wage they
were now forced to pay one-eight.
.ParlIament hurriedly passed dras.
tic laws In IN effort to meet the new
condition. Statutes provided that
every man or woman. bond or free,
able In body and within the nge OF
threescore years. not having his own
whereof he may live. nor land Of his
own about which he may occupy him
self. and moi serving any other. shall
he bound to serve the employer who
shall require him to do so, provided
that the lords OF any bon,lsman or
land-scrvant shall he preferred before
others for his service; TINT such serv-
ants shall take only the wages which
were customarily given In 1347' 1.-THE
year prior TO the first appearance Of
the plague).
1.-THE first ordinance In English his
tory, designed to curb the greed OF
the mIddlemnn, was passed nearly n
century earlier Tin 1851 when there
was bountiful harvest. but destruc-
tive rains cnused the heavy crops to
rot In the fields.
But England did not originate food
control measures. low Nile In 967
A. d. resulted in famine the follow.
ing year. which swept away GOOOO0
people In the vicinity Of the city Of
Fustat. G'awhar. n Mohnmmednn Jo-
seph. founded new city 1.-THE Cairo
OF today short distance from the
stricken town and Immediately organ
lied relief measures.
1.-THE CalIph Mo'izz lent every assist
ance to his lieutenant. sending many
ships laden with grain; but price Of
bread still remained high and Caviar.
being food controller who Ind no
patience with persuasive methods. or
dered his soldiers to seize all the mill
ers and grain dealers and fog them
In the public market plnce. The al
ministrator them established central
grain dcpots and corn was sold
throughout the two years Of the famine
under the eyes OF government In
spcctor."
The Meeker herald., 1921-01-01

desert Industry. . man Of great wealth
and possessed of trade Information
concerning all Of north Africa. From
him Malfante learned Of such flourish.
ing places as Teghazza. famous for
Its salt mines and unique for Its archi-
lecture. The houses were made Of
rock salt. Malfante noted that 1t new.
err rained there. or the houses would
have melted away.
The Meeker herald., 1921-01-01
OLDLETTERS REVEAL LOST
CHAPTER IN WORLD
HISTORY

Lava preserved the secrets OF lSo-
man civilization In Pompeii; tombs
protected the records of ancient
Egypt's culture; and now there Is pros
pect that some long neglected letters
may reveal one of the mos; fascinnt-
ing chapters In the historic trail of the
Jewish people, and incidentally show
that Africa doomed larger In the mid
die ages than modern historians have
realized.
HIthertp Africa has figured not mt
all in medieval history. 1t still wns
n dark continent" when Stanley and
Livingstone penetrated 1t less than
century ago. Yet, in view OF remark
able documentary discovery made by
Charles de In Ronciere, librarian OF
the national library In France, II
would seem Jews OF the fifteenth CEN
turv had trading posts In northwest
Africa. and carried on vast com
mcrce with the natives from the Sa-
hara to the Atlantic and from Algeria
to the Niger.
Antonia Malfante. Genoese citizen.
trnverscd this region md wrote his
,..- s.. MI
descriptive Ie''ers' u. if''' 'r''' I'm
bnhtu nm" i""ht' i'',""h'" WIS '"e
'hlcheo o' 'ne YVES. A'','", '"
anu i"uh' ule ec",e' vi WV ."'e'
caravan 'rhlhc 'i'"' cNo"'"s." wv
wh'nt nm" phr,'! VI nEsP' ~, '"e
precious salt from Tcghnzzn.
All the places visited ny Maiiah'e
were so well known 10 the Jews OF
his time that they were ns'c" IN
Catalan atlas prepared 'hree'Hu"r'ers
OF century earlier Tor charles "
according to NJ. Roncicrc. tut snort
~ after Malfante's VISIT the Jews were
driven out or Spain, ana since the
Jews were the only ones IN Europe
who knew of the Nigeria country anu
apparently permitted no christian TO
enter there except Mnlfnntc the jew
ish knowledge was lost In Europe. Not
until Dr. Gerhard Roh'fs began MS
explorations In Alger'n and Morocco
in 1SGO did the rest OF the world again
form contact with the extensive re-
cions Of Malfantc's travels.
Landing ut II point west Of Algicrs.
Mnlfante worked his way south to
Touat. which Rohlfs believed himself
IN have been the first Europenn to Wis.
II. Yet Mnlfnntc dated his Hrst letter
from there four centuries earlier.
Touot was nm oasis. containing from
10 TO 200 villages, which together
Evening star., 1921-06-19

BLACK SATIN FROCK WITH SHORT
| JACKET OF WHITE CLOTH OPEN:
ED IN FRONT AND TRIMMED
! WITH SILVER BUTTONS AND
BLACK SATIN BUTTONHOLES.
THIS FASHION 1EDORSED By
! PAUL POIRET.
the short separate coat at a time
| when the closely drawn cape was at
the height of power. The majority
thought the latter garment was safely
! anchored in the wardrobes of women
| for another six months at least, and
they were frankly dismayed by their
sudden withdrawal and replacement
; by short capes attached to the shoul-
ders, and by short jackets that ap-
peared to have nothing to do with the
rest of the costume.
! When the youngsters began this
| fashion they wore one-piece frocks OF
creme de chine or Woolen jersey. part
ly covered by hip length jackets OF
covert cloth, of serge and twill. ana
these were usually of beige or the
popular sand color. Sometimes they
; had belts. ornamental things of metal
or perforated bright leather; again
; they were straight and box-like in
| shape. They turned the sport costume
which consisted OF plaid skirt ana
! a jersey overblouse into a street cos.
tune with least delay. The, jacket
gave sobriety to what was othefWlse
| a country outfit.
! The short cape began it's career be-
! fore the short jacket appeared 1t IS
really a product or leftover OF last
summer, when it appeared as part Oh
; a -frock. In March it came over 70
: tits country in mass, but 1t was not
! offered as a separate utility garment
!; for many gowns, as each little cape
| had a frock all it's own. Today the
short cape is the wrap of the hour.
, It is in many colors and diverse fab
RIGS and il is worn in the street as
we'll as in the ballroom. The Jacket
| is it's. sober rival. 1t turns a one-piece
frock or a sport costume into a con-
ventional suit.
The sketch shows how. such a short
Jacket of white broadcioth turns q
lone-piece frock of black satin into 2
garment that can be worn on the
street. 1t is said that. broadc!oth 10
due for q revival and these jackets
are the frst indication of 1t.
! The garment may de quite plaza.
merely trimmed with silver buttons
and black satin buttonholes. OF It
nav he as lavishly embroidered ~
those Of Balkan countries. or the an.
Gent wedding garments OF peasant
Triangles of stitchery cover few
| Of these white. jackets and olack
chainette stitchery Is. also used.
Applications of colth in the hu-
manian fashion are found to give 2
desirable ornamental surface ana
white silk braid is used IN a .snnAii
wall Of Troy design on the edges ana
over the entire sleeve
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Holy Gross Alumnae
Hold Annual Reunion

The annual reunion Of the Alumnae
of Holy Cross Academy. Dunbar
ton," was held at Wardman Park Hotel
or June IA. Luncheon was served on
the balcony. The tables were artisti-
cally decorated In the colors OF the
association and in compliment to the
patriotic emblem. tiny American fiags
were used as favors. The guests:
numbering sixty-three. renewed old
associations to the accompaniment OF
orchestral selections. Aud Lang
syne." sung in chorus, closing the
happy feast.
Evening star., 1921-06-19

Grass Runners at little than oaehaE The usual prices
$l.2o value, 80 inches wide Toe per yard
$l.25 value. 36 inches wide, 7Se per yard
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Nodded Prunes With Cream,

Wash four cups of prunes. cover
with cold water and allow to soak
overnight. Steam them until soft,
then rub through a sieve. Dissolve
two tablespoonfuls of powdered gela-
tin in one cup of boiling water and
add to the prune mixture with one
cup of sugar and the strained Juice
of one orange. Pour into a wet mold
and turn out when set. Decorate with
whipped cream.
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Club Is Host at Dance for
Student Training School

The dance given last evening by the
P. r. n. Club from Providence Stu
dent Training School proved to be
very pleasant social event for all
present. due to the efforts of the
president, Miss Catherine ODonnell,
and vice president, Miss Gladys Gun
ningham, together with the members
of the club.
nell, Mrs. Callan and Mrs. Deleveigne.
Evening star., 1921-06-19
INQUIRE About Our Deferred Payment Plan
The Linen Shop

Madeira Hand Embroidered Pure Linen Tea Napkins, seal
leped edge eyeet and solid embroidered 13xl3 ncAe
Values up to $780, For $3.50 dozen.
with nene esas all 6let Sizes 1885, 1915 and 1884
inches Values $500 each For $l5o.
Madeira Hand Embroidered Pure Linen Tea Cloths, s4neh
diameter with eed solid and blind embrodey seaoped edge
elaborate designs Values to $1,000 For $500 each
Hand Blocked Pure Linen Tea Set centepece u nebe
with doyes, each and 10 inches; eaored designs
linen, scanoped edge. Regularly $3.50 For $3.50 set
Porto Riean Handmade Pure Linen Handkerchief, 6let
corners ht edge and insertions, glove and regular zss
finest pure linen $26 to $780, Fer $l.2s each.
100 Bleached Pure Irish Linen Table Cloths, beautiful de-
dsns finest damask Sizes 2z2 yards guaranteed
Regular sl325. $780, s2o5o. $780, s24oo. $3.50
Reduced to $3.50, ss.z5, sla2s, sllso, $780, $lszs
and $l6oo.
Cotton Napkins hemued ready for For homes
hey viii your linens. '.
$3.50 Cotton Napkins 241z4 iaches. For $3.ss dezen.
$3.50 Gotten Napkins 1919 inches. For $3.50 dozen.
$3.50 Cotton Napkins 171l7 inehe. For $l.7s dozen.
Plain CoIored Chiffon Finished VoiIe, also Printed Voiles
and odd, fine White Goods usuabe ength Regular prices
SOC, 75c. S5c and $l.0O yard. For Csc yard.
Plain Colored Osandes permanent finish, in the wanted
shades, also white 80, AZ and IS inches 7se yard.
Genuine St Gall Embroidered Dotted Swiss. white with ed
blue tan, pink hello, and dots light blue with
white dot, copen with red de with white dots gray with
hello and green with white Regularly $65. $780, $225 and
$3.50 yard. For $ls0 yard.
Evening star., 1921-06-19
peviled Crabs.

Chop a large onion and fry it until
brown, add one tablespoonful Of eern:
Gun Of cream, a sprinkling of paprtki
and nutmeg. one cup of strained cooked
tomatoes, one teaspoonful Of table sauce,
one cup Of crab meat and half a cup Of
bread crumbs. Fill the crab shells with
this mixture. cover with fine bread
crumbs and brown in the oven.
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Tough Chicken Made Tender.

Prepare the chicken as for stewins.
put it in a frying pan with little water
and cook slowly. adding salt when the
chicken is half done. WheN nearly done
allow the water to boil away until tne
nan is almost dry, add about two table
spoonfuls Of chicken fat and saute the
chicken until brown. Serve with brown
sauce made from the gravy.
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Oriental Rugs
Cleaned, Repaired,
Stored Until Wanted

1t is science to properly and thor
oughly clean and repair Oriental
Rugs-opr corps of men is the
most efficient to be found in any
land. OH cold Storage for taking
care Of them. where they'll be alb
soluteiy free from all harm, is the
best &
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Spanish Drowned Potatoes.

Peel and boil six large white pota-
toes. Mash and mix them with one
fourth pint Of grated cheese. one
red nepper to taste. Form in coRas,
plaza them on . bqttsrsd hakinG pan
md hreyA In ~ -eysH4 81 4. 9
Evening star., 1921-06-19
Refrigerators i
At Clearance Prices
Apartment Size Refrigerator. $500
$500 Porcelain Refrigerator $500
$ss.eo Porcelain Refrigerator. $500
$1ls.es Porcelain Refrigerator. 5000


ART DEPARTMENT.
75e STAMPED Pu. Lise. Weft guest size, Huek Towels
Fs 2Se. .~s.. T.
SIS sta.ssa cssa Pillow Cases, hsn'sehed edge tor
uaehst Fer $l.zS pair. =:
$500 p, L.<a Card T.hIe Cover, hasdezoehst lace
slse. Fss $Aoe eseh/
500 L,.a Card Table cev.r', ha.a-eroehet lace edge.
Fer $zSs saeh.
$50 Linz, carl Talk csva henned sealsped edge.
Fw $l!oe eash
BLANKETS AND COMFORTS
A. ezba dsess.t Il 2s% viii prevail entire stock
sf Blankets a,l cs.fs fer Monday Tuesday and Wednesday,
- s--'s e-~e -, ..>
Evening star., 1921-06-19
The Fashion for
Black Satin Frocks
BY ANNE RIfTENHeUsE.

The Importance of the separate
jacket has gained the attention of
women. They have come to the point
where they like the idea.
1t was difficult to persuade them to
give up the long top coat which pre-
ceded the long cape. They felt that
both these garments were made suita-
BILE by their length for protective pur-
poses. Their argument was reason
able.
The short jacket and its compan-
ion, the cape, are not like charity In
covering a multitude of sins. They
demand a we'll chosen and well-or-
dered costume. They are protective
only in the sense of covering the back
and shoulders. They are ornamental
without dispute.
Young women began the fashion OF
Evening star., 1921-06-19
BLANKETS AND COMFORTS.
Rugs

GRASS RUGS AT CLEARING PRICES
Vel ,tes dear thsn out now than carry them throughout
IL sunnH.
An ulussa sppestuniy while The whole summer before
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27
Investor Shows Discrimination

Question: wish to put $500 in some
foreign bond and $500 In a safe bond
here in the United States. Of the foreign
bonds, which do you consider safest. City
of Zurich IS. Sac Paulo 8s, Republic or
Chile ss. or Danish 8s? Is it sure that the
Canadian National Railways rs are guar
anteed by the Canadian government? AS
to the other bond 1 am thinking Of Vir-
ginia Carolina Chemical IA debentures.
DO these stand ahead OF the preferred
stock? Do you consider these bonds safe
for person OF limited resources? Would
you consider Pennsylvania Light Power
better than Virginia Carolina Chemical
74s? also wish to inquire about Niagara
y Erie first mortgage per cent and
Northwestern Bell Telephone 7s.-C. K. G.
Answer-Of the bonds named we
think the Danish s. are slightly prefer
able to the other three foreign ones.
They come in $500 denominations, and
we consider them a good bond. If YOU
mean the Canadian National Railways
equipment trust rs due 1885, they are
not guaranteed by the Canadian gov
ernment but are secured on equipment
essential to the operation Of the gov
ernment-owned railroad The Virginia.
Carolina Chemical 71a per cent bonds
come ahead of the preferred stock, and
are a good investment for man who
can and will take the trouble to follow
conditions fairly closely. From your
letter, however, we think that you
probably would get more suitable
bond than either the Virginia. Carolina
the Pennsylvania Power and Light Or
the Niagara and Erie if you bought the
Northwestern Bell Telephone Is, which
you mention. We consider it sound
investment
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27

Question: am widow with $3.50 to
Invest, upon the income OF which must
i've. Necessarily safety OF principal as
well as interest is vital factor in my
case. The following investments have been
recommended to mo to insure me an In
come OF about 81. 900 a year. and I would
be glad to have you pass upon the list :;
$4,000 per cent United States Rubber
preferred, $4,000 United Kingdom of Bel
glum per cent. $1,000 Anglo American
On u per cent gold notes. 5000 United
States Steel preferred per cent. $4,000
Standard OIL of New jersey per cent pre-
ferred. Would you suggest any substi-
tutes to insure greater safety without ma
terial reduction OF income?-I. N. T.
Answer-We think that the Belgian
8s, Anglo o-American Oil 7hs, United
States Steel preferred and Standard Oil
of New Jersey preferred are good in
vostments and suitable for your pur-
pose. Instead, however, of the United
States Rubber preferred, we would sug-
gest a Canadian Northern per cent
debenture bond, due 1910, guarantee j
principal and interest by the Canadian
Government We would also suggesc
that instead Of putting $4,000 into
Anglo American Oil and $4,000 into
Standard Oil Of New Jersey preferred,
you put $4,000 only into each Of these
and put $4,000 each into Swiss 8s, due
1910, recently selling at 103, and Vir-
gnan Railway first mortgage B per
cent bond, due 1852, selling at ".
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27
The Days Bond Mark e t

Tho Tribune prints each day tho ma
t~rlty dates Of oil active bonds quoted
on tho Neto York Stock Exchange. The
return on a bond to the invcstor depends
upon three factors; tho rate OF interest
tho security bears, tho market price
and tho distance Of the maturity date.
TO figure the precise yield on bond IL
Is necessary to use yield tables, but tho
approximate yield cam roughly be figured
out by tho folIo,osng formula: Divide
tho closing quotation on bond into
the ratio of interest It pays, aud tho re-
salt tUiI be tho annual return. II tho
bond is selling beioiO par you must
dllo,o also for the appreciation Of tho
principal. To do this subtract tho mar
ket quotation from, par, or 100, and d.
vidc The remainder by the Number Of
years tho bonds has to vtm before mo-
turity. For eramplc, Il a 6 per cent
bond IA selling at 30 and has ten gears
to run, tho annual return ,0iII be 668
per cent. The difference betwsen par
and the market price ,UiLl be 10 points,
subtractfng 90 from 100. Dividing ten
points bv ten gears, tho Q,totient aUiU be
I. This figure is to BE- added to 6.66,
which Is tho annual return, and the re-
suit, 7.66 per cent, t0ill give you the up-
prOTtntGte Xied.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27
Consolidated Textile
Earns $l.81 a Share

-. inc report of the Consolidated Tex
Me corporation for the year ended
december 81, issued yesterday, showed
a's profits aftef expenses, Federal
axes and inventory adjustments of
$50, All, equivalent to $1.81 a share
sihea tsi on the 802,911 shares of capi-
q. 20. stock of nc par value. Surplus
s,ser s, payment of $1,204,366 dividends
iIamounted iaa to $24s,O55, and profit and
.S's n. saup surplus $334,907. Cash was given
IN frederick K. Rupprecht, president,
~ ~ ais remarks to stockholders, said
~ part: The demand for the products
H., your company is showing substan-
clr ~, =. improvement. The properties, in
nsang nroag the B. B. G. r. knight, Inc,
tHrUperties, H. are now operating at full
sm0',. m1; with the exception of two of the
masa, saer mills, representing approxi-
Sisely .ris ay $4,000 out Of the 100000
suoies ns.. controlled. These, it is ex-
eo: nsss viii resume operations in the
tSs NUT future. The Pontiac Bleachery,
MI, MI windsor Print Works and the Ella
d. are all running overtime in or
trna. 70 meet the requirements Of the
n.nS uo 1or their products. Your COM
so.. sony, as Of December 81, 1920, had no
nr;tments for future purchases at
n.oos n,s' !, IN excess of the market at that
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27
Standard Cas-Electric
Earnings Show Decline
Gross Revenue Larger, but Sur.
plus for Common Drops
TO S.63 Per Cent

Gross revenue of the Standard Gas
ana Electric in 1920 was $3,153 $50. ac-
cording to the annual report issued
yesterday. In 1919 it was $3,04O,983.
and in 1918 s1.618,567 Net revenue
IN 1890 was $3,076,612; in 1919, s2.96o. :
1896, and in 1918, $1,574,9 ,927.' In 1920
interest charges we're earned about
two and a half times over. In 1919,
with smaller interest charges, they
were earned about three times over.
Preferred dividends at the rate of 8
per cent calling for $99O,3S6 were
paid in 1920, and at the rate of 1928
per cent calling for $939,569 in 1919.
After paying preferred dividends and
setting aside 100000 for amortization
OF debt there was a surplus for the
$12,679,550 par value of common stock
of 5.63 per cent. In 1919 surplus was
~ per cent on outstanding stock.
President H. M. Byllesby, in his an
results of your company's public utility
subsidiaries again graphically exem-
plify the inherent stability and the re-
sultant safety of the light and power
business. During the last few years,
while other industries were showing
phenomenal earnings, light and power
corporations, while struggling with an
ever increasing operating ratio, as we'll
as unprecedentedly high money rates,
were, nevertheless, meeting the urgent
demands for service, although at rates
cf return upon the investme ent that COM
pared unfavorably with the spectacular
profits of other businesses. At the
same time, however, the light and
power companies were showing steady
and reliable growtha growth that
was in practically all cases limited
only by the ability Of the respective
companies to provide enlarged plant
and distributing facilities. The same
condition prevails to-day, with few ex-
ceptions, in all of your subsidiaries, as
it does with most light and power
companies located in Western COM
munities. The public has been edu-
Gated to such an extent to make use
of the many new labor saving cleo
trio devices that now, during this
period of defation, while wholesale
power demands in some communities
served by your subsidiaries are show
ing tendency to grow less rapidly
than during the war, the energy de-
mands for domestic and small power
purposes are continuing at an ac-
CELEBRATED rate"
New-York tribune., 1921-04-27
Bankers Are Cratified
At Response to Bonds
Trading Begun in Great North.
ern Northern Pacific on
ssWhen Issued" Basis

Bankers managing tho sale Of the
$230,000,Oo0 of Great Northern North
ern Pacific joint 61a per cent fifteen
year convertible bonds, which will be
offered for public subscription, begin
ming tomorrow morning, expressed
much qualification yesterday at the re-
sponse received from dealers in all
parts of the country. Indications
pointed to an exceedingly successful
flotation, despite the fact that the
issue is the largest piece of private
financing ever undertaken, investment
bankers said.
Applications from dealers for in
creased allotments were received yes
terday in volume that indicated that
the bonds were being we'll taken. I'm
provement in the securities market
this week has been helpful factor in
facilitating the distribution Of the
issue.
The new bonds were listed on the
exchange at the opening Of trading yes
terday, and heavy dealings were re-
corded on a 'when issued" basis. The
opening price was 81, against an offer
ing price of 961a. Subsequently the
price yielded to 96A and then to 9eh,
the offering figure, at which most Of
the exchange transactions were made.