davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
WILSON GAVE
LOANP[EDGE
-ERZBERGER
Promised Money If Germans
Would Treat With Allies in
1919, He Says.
BY FRANK E. MASON.
Intern attOual NeyVa Service.

BERLIN, Feb. 19.-Dr. Matthias
Erzberger, former minister OF
finance, former leader of the Cen
trist Party, and author of the famous
"peace resolution" in the Reichstag
during the war. declared today that
President Wilson promised Germany
American credits il she would sign
the peace treaty
SECRET MESSENGER.
In the spring of 1919, according to
DR.. Erzeberger. President Wilson
sent Ellis Loring Dresel from Paris
to Berlin as a secret messenger. Ac-
cording to the German official. Dresel
was instructed to hold confidential
meetings with German cabinet mem
bers. and to hold out to them the
promise of American credits as re-
ward IL Germany would sign and ac-
ctpt the allies peace terms.
1t was through Dresel that Berlin
secured its first Information as to the
peace conditions Dresels mission
was said by DR.. Erxeberger to "break
the news Of the peace terms gently
and to promise that. II Germany
would stand by President Wilson, by
accepting NnS COnUltiOnS ne Hdu SuC-
ceeded in getting the allies to accept,
he would stand by Germany in help
ing France with her reconstruction"
Several weeks before we had been
handed the Versailles terms. and
while there was a feeling of great
anxiety here concerning their prob
able nature, Mr.. Dresel, accompanied
by another American. whose name
at this moment do not recall, visited
me and Count Won Brockdorff-Rant-
zau." said DR.. Erzeberger. These
Americans called upon other Ger
mans, also.
by President Wilson to come TO Bcr-
lin and that he wished to explain in
behalf of Mr.. Wilson how hard the
President had labored to secure a just
peace for Germany.
WILSON sORrENED TERMS.
Then Mr.. Dresel outlined tho cr-
iginal French claims and told IN de-
tail how President Wilson had sue
ceeded in having them amelIorated.
Mr.. Dresel explained how former Pro-
mier Clemenceau (of France). FIRST
insisted upon the outright annexation
OF the left bank of the Rhine By
France.
"Mr. DreseI portrayed how Presi-
dent Wilson had fought Mr.. Clemen-
ceau. making him first agree to give
up his annexation plans for the dis
trict about Cologne. Then for long
time the French Insisted upon the an
nexation OF Msyence (Matnz). tho
Headquarters OF the French army OF
Occupation, and also Pfalz.
"Mr. Dresel told how President w!l-
son succeeded In causing the French
to relinquish their annexation ambi-
tions for all the German territory ex-
cept the Saar basin, which the French
refused to surrender, saying that they
were In need Of the coal to replace
the mines In northern France destroy
cd during German occupation.
"The American official explained
how President Wilson was responsible
for the French compromise to permit
tConiiauod on PAge IL cnausn ~
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
WEATHER

Rsis or snow sesisst
ssl sssAsy. Colder sss-
lay sftersoes ssa stShs.
Lowest Temperature to-
stSkt. scar freestaS. Ia
eressias east ssa ssrtb-
east ~taA.. shifting ts
serthwest Sunday.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
Denmark Faces DRY Spell"

'OPENHAGEN, Denmark, Feb. 10
\ bill prohibiting the importat ION,
manufacture and sale Of spirits and
trpng wines was introduced In the
Rlgsdag by the prohibition group.
Tho Tidenstcgn says that, az the
Left is sure 10 vote for the measure. n
will be adopted. and that this may
cause n ministerial crisia
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
S|NN FE|N RAIDERS
: STOP IMMIGRANTS

LIVERPOOL, Feb. 1o.-Thc first
Sim Fein raid In England occurred
carly today, when members pf that
organization swoop,d down on n lOdg-
ing house here and seized the ickets
and passports OF twenty Irishmen who
were preparing to sail for the United
States on the liner Carmanis this
afternoon
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
HUGHES APPOINTED SECRETARY OF STATE
Reformed Reformers,
Not Film Censorship,
u. S. Need, Says Union

''The crying need in America today is more smiles,
more happiness love, more contentment and more
confdence-not more regulations more restrictions"
This is the sentiment voiced by more than 2,3OO
District employees through their association, the City En-
ployes Association, in denouncing censorship Of motion
mic
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1921-02-19
FIRST CABINET
BERTH FILLED
official Announcement Comes
From ST. Augustine Following
Two-Day Conference.

ST. AUGUSTINE, Fla,
Feb. 19.-Official announce
ment of the appointment of
Charles Evans Hughes as
Secretary of State in the
Cabinet of the incoming
Administration was made
today by President elect
Harding.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
RUSSIA: THE HEIRESS OF
FAMINES

Never, in civilized times, have so
many old-world nations felt the pinch
of hunger at once; yet suffering from
want of food Is no hew story to many
of them. Especially has Russia been
the luckless heir to periods of near
starvation.
Writing to the National Geographic
society, Ralph A. Graves tells of Rus
sian famines of the past as follows:
Next to the proletariat of India
and China, the Russian peasant has
felt the pinch of poverty and hunger
more keenly and more frequently than
any other citizen Oh earth.
zone of the earliest famines In Rus
sia of which there is any definite rec
ord was that of 1900, which continued
for three years, with death toll Of
100000 peasants. Cats. dogs and rats
were eaten; the strong overcame the
weak, and in the shambles of the pub
lie markets human flesh was sold. Null
titudes of the dead were found with
their mouths stuffed with straw.
Three Russian famines of compara-
lively recent date were among the
try. They occurred In 1891, 1906 and
1911. During the ten years following
the first of these periods of dearth
the government allotted nearly $125,-
100000 for relief work, but the sums
were not always judiciously expended.
'In 1906 the government gave 40
pounds of flour month to all persons
under eighteen and over fifty nine
years of age. All peasants between
those ages and infants under one year
of age received no allowance, and 1t
became necessary for the younger and
older members of the family to share
their bare pittance with those for
whom no provision was made. The
suffering was intense and the mortal
lty exceedingly heavy, but the avail
able statistics are not wholly reliable.
"The famine of 1911 extended over
one third of the area of the empire In
Europe and affected more or less d.
rectly 3O,OOO,O00 people, while S,OOO,-
600 were reduced to starvation. Weeds,
the bark of trees, and bitter bread
made from acorns constituted the
chief diet for the destitute. This was
unquestionably the most widespread
and most severe famine that has be-
fallen a European nation In modern
times
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
MEXICO'S SKYSCRAPER
PYRAMID

A pyramid that may rival those of
Egypt, for size, and prove to be even
older than the Nilesian piles, recently
was found at Teotlhuacan. Mexico.
Long ago two other pyramids, relics
of the Toltec people of pre-Columbian
times, were discovered among the vol
canIc ashes around San Juan Teotl-
huacan. meaning "City of the Gods" a
village about % miles northeast of
Mexico City.
Excavation of the new pyramid may
help to lift the veil which dlms our
knowledge of these American pyramid
builders. members of bygone race.
Certain It is that the pyramids of
Teotihuacan. which already are wide
'Iy known, have kept their heads above
the vomiting of angry volcanoes for
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05

numberless centuries, while II would
appear that the cities nearby We're
without doubt buried In those bygone
ages by volcanic eruptions. The Tol-
tees were by tradition famous mound
builders. and here It seems they min
gled with their reverence for the Su-
preme Being the mythical religion OF
astral worship. Their earliest temples
we're devoted to the sun. The moon
stars as his sisters. No image was
allowed within these temples, and
their offerings were perfumed flowers
and sweet-scented gums.
The projecting stones of "El Sol"
the highest pyramid seen here and
there over the pyramid, mark the up
ward progress OF those indefatigable
workers until they gained the summit
OF their ambition. The pyramid was
divided into stories by placing a Sc
ries OF truncated pyramids one above
the other.
Two hundred and sixty-eight must
be climbed to reach the summit. The
pyramid is 216 feet in height, and has
a base about 761 feet square. The
summit is 30 by 105 feet square.
Many strange idols have been dug
up. Beautiful pieces of jade and OBJ
sidian. arrow-heada little heads OF
burnt clay, earthen jars of antique
form, and others similar TO those In
use Mt the present time were found.
one little piece of cloth that was
found is carefully guarded in the mu-
scum. Whnt was its use? Many
skulls. as well ms some skeletons, have
also been unearthed.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05

pendent upon preservation of certain
Mississippi river fish.
This economic curiosity Is explained
In communication to the National
Geographic society by Hugh NJ. Smith,
us follows:
"The perpetuatlon of the fish sup
ply In the Mississippi and Its tribu-
taries involves very important indus
try besides fishing. Investigations con-
Quoted for the bureau of fisheries
years ago showed an intimate relation
between certain kinds of fishes and
the mussels, which yield valuable
pearls and support u pearl-button In
dustry which gives employment TO
about 10000 persons, and has prod
uct worth from $5,000,000 to $1,000
600 annually.
"The young mussels, Of microscopic
size when thrown Off by their parents
in myriads, need TO pass the first few
weeks of their independent existence
on the gllls of fish. II the fishes are
not present at the proper time, the
mussels cannot survive. Furthermore
and this is most interesting fea-
ture of the cooperation OF fishes ana
mussels-the young of particular kinds
of mussels require the gills OF par
ticular kinds of fishes as nurseries.
"The black bnss is host for several
sorts of mussels, the crappies for sew
eral others, the catfish for others. The
skip-jack, a kind of herring, is the only
known host for the best of all mus
sells; and as this fish is not by any
means abundant, Its maintenance is of
prime importance to the welfare of the
button industry. In 1919 more than
one and a half million skip-jacks were
rescued.
THE peculiar requirements of the
young mussels having been carefully
determined, the bureau Of fisheries has
gone extensively into the business of
artificial propagation Of pearly mus
sells by method which is u vast I'M
provement on nature. The spawning
mussels, held in ponds, are at the crit-
cal period provided with the special
fishes needed for the attachment of
the young.
"The fishes obtained in the rescue
operations are turned into the ponds
at the time the mussels are spawning
and become thickly inoculated. They
are then liberated In the open water
and distribute themselves and the mus
sells throughout wide stretch of river.
Thus two important branches of the
bureaus work go hand in hand"
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
NOME: A CITY THAT
HIBERNATES

Nome, Alaska, In recent years has
been city that dwindles in winter
to a population Of but a few hundred,
and spring has brought n lessening re-
turn OF residents. Thus this remote
mining camp, after meteoric career
and growth into a city. gradually Is
resumIng the status of town.
iSituated on the bleak north coast of
tLe Icy storm-swept Bering sea, close
ts the Arctic circle, Nome Is frozen In
and showed In for about seven months
of the year. Its chief industry, placer
gold mining, depends upon the use of
running water therefore the activi-
ties must stop when the water con-
geaIs. Rather than spend the long
winter In the extreme cold, waiting
for the return of mild weather, a
large part of the population Of Nome
has always returned to the States In
the fall, making the journey bnck to
the north In June, when navigation
opens.
The overnight creature of an un-
usunl gold discovery, the town grew
up on site that probably could not
have been worse fitted for commu-
nifty of human habitation. 1t is open
to the full sweep of the violent storms
and the heavy waves that often beat
iu from the sea. 1t has relatively
narrow beach and Immediately within
is Il strip of tundra, frozen solid In
winter, but sea of mud during the
open season. In this morass the town
grew up. In the early days men and
animals houndered through streets
that were knee-deep in mud. Later
the principal thoroughfares were
boarded over. Each summer fool
hardy newcomers built structures on
the beach only to have them wholly
destroyed by the blasts Of September
when, almost without warning, huge
wnves swept to the edge of the tundra
and often into the town itself.
Gold was first discovered near Nome
ip 1898, In one of the numerous creeks
that rise In the hills back of the town
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
WILSON VETOED
TARIFF MEASURE
FoRDNEY TARIFF BILL is SENT
BACK TO HOUSE WITHOUT
APPROVAL.
MANY BILLS SIGNED
WILSON SIGNED BILL REPEATING
ALL WAR MEASURES AS
LAST ACT.
Western Newspaper Union New, scr,ics. ,

Washington, March 4.-Efforts to
override President Wilson's veto of
the Fordney emergency tariff bill
failed in the House, and the measure,
originally designed to aid the farmers
thereby met It's death.
The vote on the motion to pass the
measure over the Presidents veto was
POI for and 1872 against. This was II
votes less than the necessary two
thirds.
The veto was called up and voted on
expectation among Republicans that
they could round up the two-thirds
vote necessary to override the veto,
and 1t was for this reason that some
leaders had urged Chairman Fordney
of the ways and means committee to
let it lie on the table without action.
In vetoing the measure, President
Wilson said that the situation "in
which many of the farmers find them
selves cannot be remedied by mea-
sure of this sort" and that there is
no short way out of existing condi-
tlons"
Actual relief for the farmers, the
President asserted could only come
from the adoption of constructive
measures of broader scope, from the
restoration of peace everywhere in the
world, the resumption of normal in
dustrial pursuits, the recovery partic-
ularly of Europe and the discovery
there of additional credit foundation.
not u little singular that Il measure
(which strikes a blow at our foreign
trade should follow SO closely upon the
action of Congress directing the re-
sumption of certain activities of the
war finance corporation, especially the
urgent insiStence of representatives of
the farming interests, who believe it's
resumption would improve foreign
marketing"
Signature by President Wilson of
tire resolution to repeal virtually all
the wartime laws was announced be-
fore he retired from office.
The President also approved four
additional appropriation measures
the Indian, legislative, executive and
judicial, agricultural and Notifications
bills.
The army bill was the only apprO-
priatiOn measure before him.
The President also disposed of
number of miscellaneous legislative
measures, including the bill to extend
for twenty-five years the oil leases
held by the Usage Indians; the bill
extending the time permitted foreign
ers to file patents in the United States
and the amendment to the water power
act, exempting national parks from
water leases and privileges.
The war law repeal resolution re-
peals practically all of the laws en-
acted during the war as strictly emer-
gency measures.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Electric Irrigation.

Wholesale generation and distribu-
ton of electric current for the special
purpose of irrigation, as 1t is gener-
ated and distributed elsewhere for
light and power, is an unusual and In
terestlng project recently undertaken
in Queensland, Australia, says Popular
Mechanics Magazine. The method en-
ployed Is to sink large well on each
holding of land and install an cleo
trically driven pump. There are In
excess of 160 of these well pumps and
some 13 miles of transmission lines ra-
diate from the central station to sup
ply them.
For the wells, precast REINFORCED
concrete cylinders, 5 to feet in diam
eter, s feet long, and weighing 21A to
3 tons, are lowered from 10 to 40 feet
to the water-bearIng stratum
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05

and cross the tundra to the sea. This
discovery was widely heralded through
Alaska and the western states. Thou
sands hocked to the neighbOrhood in
the summer of 1899 and the town was
born. That season the remarkable dis
covery was made that the sand of the
beach Mt the edge of the town was rich
I'm gold. and thousands of prospectors
with crude equipment took out respect
able fortunes. The beach could not
he filed upon, but anyone was permit
ted to dig there. This unique fea-
ture of the Nome gold fields drew more
than 10000 people to the region the
following summer, and the town grew
ihco thriving city. Placer miners
burrowed into the sand like moles for
30 miles or more up and down the
beach.
Nome took It's name from Cape
Nome nearby, which was named as
the result of misunderstanding. 1t
meaas nothing unless 1t can be con-
strued to signify "the nameless." 1t
was discovered In the examination of
an early chart that when the physical
features OF northwestern Alaska were
named one cape had been overlooked.
The penciled query "name?" was made
beside 1t. A copyist translated the
Scrawled question as "Nome," and the
name has stuck.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Ship Rescued After Thirty-three Day,

New York-Thirty-t three days at sea
In a storm-tossed, leaking and partly
dismasted twenty-six-ton yawl, ending
with rescue by an ocean liner $50 miles
from tile nearest port, was the expert
ence of the S3-year-old Captain Gasai-
eld and his crew of six, brought here.
The yawl, with II cargo of salt, left
Turks island Jan. 26 for Bermuda, the
captain said. When several days out
troubles began with leak. The mast
went by the board and the wet salt
got into the food.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Packing House Burned.

East st. Louis, Ill.-The building
housing the killing and casing rooms of
Morris and Company, packers, at Ma
tional Stock Yards north of here, was
destroyed by fire. Officials estimated
the loss at 100000. 1t is believed the
fire was caused by crossed electric
wires About 1000 men will be thrown
out of employment by the fire, 1t was
said.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Congress Passed 400 Bills.

misunderstanding the Sixty-sixth
Congress more than $4,000 bills and
resolutions were introduced and Il few
more than 400 passed, according to fig
ures compiled. In the House 1928
bills and resolutions were introduced,
while the number in the Senate was
5,7S4.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Would Bar Governors from Senate

Austin, Texas.-A bill has been in
troduced in the House providing that
any person who has heretofore held
the office of governor of Texas, or who
may hereafter hold that office, shall
be illegible to hold the office of United
States senator from Texas.
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
WHERE PEARL BUTTONS
COME FROM

One frequently must follow a long
trail to strange places to find the origin
of the most common conveniences of
our home, wardrobe, or dinner table.
For example, pearl buttons SIRE de-
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
Aroentina Threatens Boycott.

Buenos Aires.-Argentina cannot
continue to buy United States pro-
ducts If the United States ceases to be
customer of Argentina, ''as must
happen in case the Fordney emergency
tariff bill becomes operative" says La
RaZOn
The Colorado statesman., 1921-03-05
The Usual Expectation.

poets the artist he has engaged to
make speaking likeness of him.
Hell get 1t. Money talks BAL
timOre American.
The Ely miner., 1921-07-08

and sent to France with the first
group Of Americans He at first was
assigned to the railway transportation
Office at Blois, France, and remained
there until February 20, 1918. Later
he attended the First corps school at
Gondrecourt until March "a, when he
took charge of company F, Eighteenth
infantry, First brigade, First division.
Major Emery participated in all the
major actions with his regiment In
1913, at Cantigny in April, May and
June; at st. Mihiel in September, and
in the Meuse-Argonne offensive in
September and October. He was COM
missioned major of infantry August
30, 1918.
On October 9, 1918. during the Meuse-
Argonne drive, Major Emery was
wounded In the left arm Ind was In
valided home, being discharged at
Camp Custer. Soon after his return
to Grand Rapids, he was elected q
member Of the Grand Rapids city com
mission, position he has held since
that time. Before entering the service
he was a real estate and insurance
broker.
Major Emery was born July 4, 1881,
in Grand Rapids.
AS vice-commander Of the American
Legion Major Emery was close
friend and confidant of Commander
Galbraith.
The Ely miner., 1921-07-08
IH0
AMERICAN
0L-I.GIC)|l0!
Copy for This Department Supplied by
the American Legion News Service.)
EMERY THE NEW COMMANDER
Grand Rapids (MIch.) Official Is Eie-
waited to Succeed the Late T.
w. GaIbraith, Jr.

Maj. John Garfield Emery of Grand
Rapids, Mich, was unanimously cleo
ted national commander Of the Ameri-
can Legion at meeting Of the nation
al executive committee held in In
dianapolis.
He succeeds the late Frederick w.
Galbraith, Jr., who was recently
fatally injured in an automobile acci-
dent at Indianapolis.
Major Emery was one Of the five
vice commanders Of the Legion, hav-
ing been elected to that position at
the Cleveland meeting Of the organ
ization.
Thomas J. Bannigan, Of Hartford.
Conn.,, was elected vice-c0mmander,
succeeding Mr.. Emery In that position.
Major Emery saw much fighting dur
ing the World war. He entered the
second officers training camp at Fort
Sheridan August q, 1917.
After finishing the course he was
commissioned a captain Of infantry
The Ely miner., 1921-07-08
important to all Women
Readers Of this Paper

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If the kidneys are not in a healthy con-
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But hundreds of women claim that DR..
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Many send for sample bottle to see
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may receive sample size bottle by Parcel
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