davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
p FOREST NOTES
(By the Superior Forest ofiee.)


Twelve forest guards were added
to the personel of the Superior Nat
ional Forest on May first and report
ed for duty as follows: Five re-
ported to Ranger Charles Taylor at
Grand Marais, Ranger Taylor having
charge of the North Shore division
of the Forest comprising 551, s75
acres; two reported to Ranger Denley
in charge of the Stoney River district
comprising 218,614 acres; one to
Ranger Carney in charge of the
Kawishiwi River district comprising
1913 acres; two reported to RAN
ger Heikkila in charge of the Big
Lake district comprising rs, 9S2
acres and two to Ranger Handberg
of the Sioux River district compris-
ing 216,874 acres. On May 18th,
five additional forest guards will re-
port for duty. These viii man the
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
progress with the work on all state

progress with the work on all state
highways.
Measurements of district efficiency
will be compiled in the highway COM
missioner's Office to stimulate COM
petition in the various districts, from
the FIVE principal maintenance items
Patrol work, as weed cutting and
ditch cleaning, repairs and replace
ments, betterments, special work, in
Guiding signs and snow fences and
unclassified items incidental to sup
ervision and administration.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Joined the K. C's.

John Balas, Tony Kotchevar, Ray,
mond Baribeau, John Lozar and John
Otrin were in Virginia Sunday and
were made members of the Knights
of Columbus, all being given the
three degrees of the order. Those
who accompanied them and assisted
in helping the boys ride the goat
were Father Mihelcic, Bern. Lam
bert and Steve Kovall. rs candid
ates were initiated at this session
and after the initiation a banquet was
served and program rendered.
Miss Ruth Mccormick of this city
was on the program with several
vocal selections.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

paradise. It is requested that all
travellers through the Forest register
should they happen to come across q
place where these registers are kept.
Thousands of people enjoy the
beauty of the forests and lakes each
year. Do NOT mar their beauty and
thus detract from the pleasure of the
traveller by leaving camp fires burn
ing. BE SURE it is Oar before
leaving. Picture to Yourself one Of
our beautiful lakes, island dotted,
pine clad. Astounding with the gam
lest of fish, mayhap yoar favorite
lake, where you have spent many a
pleasant day, turned into a barren
desolate waste. Practic. and instill
into others the necessity for being
careful with camp fires. We ask for
your earnest cooperation In the pre-
vention ah6 suppress;oI of forest
fires. If yCu discover a fire. put it
out if yol can. or report it to tn.
nearest forest officer as soon as pos
sible. Indications point to an early
fire season The law provides q heavy
fine and imprisonment for setting
fires in the woods, and it will pay to
be careful. Help US get the careless
ones, those that don't care.
IN ALL CASES BE ABSOLUT-
ELY CERTAIN YOUR CAMP FIRE.
MATCH OR CIGARETTE IS Elk
TINGUISHED.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Am cfiCan
- Le99li11e., e..

Whatever The American Legion
does, it does well, and for the conn.,
mon good SAID Mayor Hc lgsen of
st. Paul, ''The fact that It's purpose
is to help those in need is a furthur
appeal to the best spirit of citizen
ship.
Il know of no more practical work
than that which The American Leg
ion is doing for those who are "down
but not OUT, said Governor Preus of
Minnesota, IF all our people knew
how it has found work for the unem-
ployed and cared for those needing
help, there would be no question of
is success.
Governor Preus and Mayor Hodg-
son thus endorsed American Legion
Welfare Week" in st. Paul. The
proceeds of gripping movie Held
by The Enemy" will go to help the
Legion look after and find work for
hundreds of sick and unemployed ex-
service men.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Victory Medals.

Mayor Chinn has received a letter
from R. E. Firth, Lieut.. Col. in
charge of the Victory Medal depart
ment in the U. S. Army recruiting
station at Minneapolis, asking him
to urge the soldiers entitled to Vac
tory Medals to make application for
them at once in order that they may
have them for Memorial Day. By
applying Immediately, Col. Firth as
sures those applying that they can
secure them by the end of the month.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Charity and WeIfare Drive,

The drive which has been on in the
county for several weeks for funds
for charity and welfare work in the
Duluth diocese of the Catholic church
is now on in this city, committees
having been named to have charge.
Ely is part of the Duluth diocese
and the drive at this time is being
made TO furnish funds to success
fully prosecute the noble work.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT.

Geo. B. Hughes, who has been
county engineer under Commissioner
McMahan the past two years has re-
signed the county position and has
accepted the position of general
superintendent of District No. l
under State Commissioner Babcock.
He will have charge of the construc-
ton and maintenance of 302 miles
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
To Leave After the 18th.

After a residence in this city of
thirty years tomorrow, Saturday
Mr.. and Mrs. Louis Eisenach will
leave here between the 18th and 18th
for Oshkosh, Wis. where they will
make their future home. During
the residence here Mr.. Eisenach has
been prominent in the upbuilding OF
the city having at one time been
mayor, alderman for eight years, a
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Damaged Telephone Line..

The snow and sleet storm of a
week ago Wednesday did consider
able damage to the telephone lines
about the city, the weight of the
sleet and snow broke down several
lines and poles near the Zenith. A
crew under. w. j. Bucher from Two
Harbors has been here this week to
make repairs.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Fine Lot of Leaderless Sheep.

The local members of the I. w. W.
are as tame as house cats just at
present, the decamping of their little
tin Gods to Russia just when they
were expected to show up big and
strong, probably having the effect of
showing the 'proletariat" just how
much ice they cut in the grand Red
scheme. PAY your dues and con-
tribute to the defense" seems to be
about all local members are expected
to know about the inner workings of
the unsavory outfit. In many places
the locals had been instructed to
post handbills calling attention to
May first as the accepted time to
overthrow the United States govern
ment and establish the Soviet form
of control. Superior, Minneapolis,
st. Paul, Duluth and other larger
cities were plastered with circulars
which read:
And well they may be afraid!
We, American Workers, will
no more stand the tyranny of
the bosses and of their govern
men.t We have had enough
The United States Government
stands for the bosses against the
Workers. 1t uses the law-mak-
ing bodies, the courts and its
troops against the Workers.
Then we must destroy the
United States Government
w e must overthrow it and
put in its place a orkers' Gov
eminent. We must uphold the
Workers Government with a
strong army to crush the BIO sses
and all who support them!
We must prepare for the Rev
olution-there is no other wayA
May Day of the Revolution is
here!
Let us join the ranks of the
fighting American Workers.
Let US proclaim our solidar-
ity with the revolutionary Work
ers of Germany and Italy!
Let US proclaim our solidar-
ity with the Workers of the en-
tire world!
Let US prepare for the Revolu-
tioni
Uuited Communist Party of
America.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Mother., nax

At the Presbyterian church next
Sunday morning the pastor will del
iver a Mothers Day Sermon
There will be no service in the Meth
odist church in the evening, but a
united service at the Auditorium.
All are invited to attend the services
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Report on City Water.

City Chemist Thompson has made
a report on the samples of city water
taken at various places the past
month to Health Officer Parker. The
report as given below shows date of
sample; the source of the sample;
the bacteria per &C; colon bacili and
amount of chlorine used. The report
ir as fnllnrrc.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Baseball Practice.

The first baseball practice of the
year will be held Sunday morning at
ten o'clock. All men who wish to
try out for the team this year should
be on hand at that time. Let's have
a good, snappy practice right at the
start.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

May God bless and reward the
American Legion and give it strength
to continue its good work." reads a
letter from the parents of a boy
whose body was returned from
France. The local Legion post ar
ranged for the funeral, brought fow-
ers for the casket, and buried their
former buddy with full military
honors.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
Former Range Girl Marries.

Cards have been received on the
ranges from Mrs. Lillian McIn-
mis- Smith, of st. Paul announcing the
marriage of her daughter, Marcella
Louise, to David Roy Finnegan last
Thursday at st. Paul.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

Heretofore, only officers or not
aries public might certify to duplicat-
es of discharge certificates. Uncle
Sam has now honored the command
ers of eleven Thousand Legion posts
oy granting them this power, in con-
nection with victory medal appiica-
tons, irrespective of whether or not
they held commissions in the govern
ment forces during the war.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

Throughout the Superior National
Forest are to be found travellers
registers. It is through these reg
listers that Rangers are able to trace
travellers lost in the last great Wild
erness tract of the continent. In
this way it is possible to keep check
on parties enjoying this out OF door
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

member of the board of health and
a director in the First National Bank
Since residing here he has been con-
nected with Brownell & Co., in the
retail meat trade, employed as cutter
in the market. The many friends
of Mr.. and Mrs. Eisenach wish them
success in their new home and cheer
fully recommend them to the citizens
of Oshkosh.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

Supervisor Dahlgren and Ranger
Heikkila returned from Lac La Croix
on April 28th where they had spent
five days in checking up on work to
be done in that region. They were
caught in two-day blizzard They
reported that pike and pickerel are
running and thousands of the fish can
be seen in the rapids enroute where
they are spawning. For the informa-
ton of anglers, the pike and pickerel
season opens on May 18th and it is
unlawful to have any fish, other than
lake and brook trout in possession be-
fore that. Nonresident licenses are
$500 this year.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

Say fellow! Remember your mother
every day and especially next Sum
day. Write her letter.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

"Legionaires of this state are
proud of Minnesota because no other
state has been so generous in enact
ing legislation for the benefit OF ex-
service men," declared Minnesota
Legion Commander, A. H. Vernon,
in letter thanking each Minnesota
senator and representative for their
cooperation and consideration in Sc
curing passage of Legion legislation.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

THE bands have stopped playing.
The battle flags are furled. In their
places are crutehes and wan, weary
faces, says F. w. Galbraith, Legion
National Commander in an appeal to
five thousand business, patriotic and
welfore associations in America to
jointly and Individually urge their
senators and representatives to hasten
the. enactment of Legion legislation
to care for the sick and disabled
comrades.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06

lookout towers on the Superior Nat
ional Forest.
The principal duties of these For
est Guards. for the next six months
will be to prevent and suppress for
est fires and in addition to this there
are It's miles of telephone line, lao
miles of trails and portages, numer-
Gus ranger stations, lighthouses and
other buildings together with fire
fighting equipment that must be
maintained
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1921-05-06
MOTHERS DAY
EXERCISES.
ATTEND THE COMMUNITY OBJ
SERVANcE OF MOTHERS
DAYTIME PROGRAM.

A Community celebration will be
held at the Washington Auditorium
next Sunday evening at Sis o'clock
and everyone is invited to attend.
The program is in charge of the
Mothers Club of Ely assisted by
other organizations. Mrs. c. Z.
Spring of Duluth, one of the most
prominent lady speakers of the state
will make the address. The program
is as follows:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
STIl(E

The supreme function of the stock
market at the present moment is 10
serve as a barometer OF future bust
ness rather than merely TO facii-
tate the exchange of securities. This
lt will do i'm all events. Anxious
eyes are following the tape for signs
Of definite revival in business
months ahead Apparently the sup
position that stocks viii at once re-
fleet pronounced recovery is prema-
ture Many experienced observers
do not believe bull market is i'm
pending but look for oscillations
movement into higher ground often
followed 10y precipitate retreat
Most public buying now has am in
sestmeHt rather than a speculative
character. and while il dcpIetss
floating supply. does not give inn
retus To- "a sharp forward move
ment The announcement Of De-
cember railroad earnings and 1920
industrial reports are sure TO have
somewhat depressing influence.
Further rcudjustment IN business is
inevitable. Conditions suggest a
trading market with an upward tilt
for the near future
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
STOCK

livestock growers despair OF con-
si-teutly higher prices i'm the Chi
cago market. This attitude ac-
counts for much of the recent heavy
liquidation. Country banks are in-
Creasin- their pressure on the farm
ers. who themselves seem anxious
Co unload. Good vealers have made
some progress upward during the
past month Figures relating 20
livestock movement for 1920. pub
liShcd by The bureau OF markets.
throw lEht upon conditions IN the
industry. Total movement TO and
from public stock Yards in all
branches except hogs. declined
strik iuGly from totals of the year
previous. Still more significant.
movement 90 feed lots and pastures
fell radically and calves. ls
per cent. hogs. 10 per cent. sheep
and lambs 25 percent FluctuatinI
prices below cost OF production and
the uncertain character OF demand
are responsible Tor the discourage
meut of livestock growers.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
BUILDING And
REAL ESTATE

Statistics show decline in build
ing activity since April. Lumber in
terests call meeting 10 initiate low
or prices.
Statistics for 1920 recently IS
sued show decline in building ac-
t.vity since last April. Total oLera-
tious in 1874 cities. according 10 fig
ures Published in the American
Contractor, during 1920 exceeded
those of 1919 by six percent IN
terms of dollars. although volume
OF operations was probably less
Residence building showed con-
spicuous decline. In 1919. 10 con-
s,tuted 8 percent OF the total and
in 1920 only % percent
General money conditions are i'm
proved and funds should be avail
able FOR building az reasonable costs.
The interest rate is softening and
investors VIII feel somewhat more
inclined 90 put their money in con
strucLon than when rates were
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
new YORK MARKET
SHORT DAY SLOW
Leading Issues Recover From
Early Depression Before
Closing.

Ey Associated Press:
NEW YORK. Jan --i0dera- POI
sr-irs for both accounts depressed
rriCes OF leading ISSUES lv Que 90
HlIups- threc points I'm tnr early
Stages Of TO-DAY short stock market
session but these were generally re-
covered !u the covering movement
which sct n before the fnish
Initial declines appeared 20 DO
largely .n The nature Oi recurrence
of yesterday q professional drive. be-
ain again. JIraC cd mainly against
oas. staeI- Equipment ana ship
pings
Local fractions led tha rebound %
gains 81 one Co. three points Sales
arI,Iotcd 10 $4,000 shares
Improvement shown
Surveys ~ the mercantile agencies
confirmed recent statements 0f if1-
provcment Foo commercial lines a.-
though che recovery evidently lacks
uniformity roth ar m industries and
sections NJ the country
The weekly statement OF rhr
cieHriu- house banks showed ar iH-
crease ~ actual reserves amounting
70 SI45fg. 600 thereby cancellng
.Iasf weeks dcfci. and leaving 10
excess ~ over $1,000. Actual loans
and discounts Increased about S-l,-
100000. tut net demand dcposl s.
decreased rv almost 100000 600. OF
O. .ofal of about SiaI000NNU for the
f1r.uieht
There was only nominal market
lor bonds. .ueiudlag Liberty issues.
with missed bur moderate changes.
Total sales tpa~ valued. S5,3O0,0O0.
D. g. two pcrccuts declined one aud
the tpurs two points on oai ON the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23

headed upward Isolated wage cuts
are reported. but so far this i'm
pOrtant phase Of readjustment has
not even made a fair start. notwith-
standing the admitted surplus of
skilled labor
Lumber interest have called a
conference Of all branches of the
materials industry 10 meet I'm Chi
cago on January 21 and consider
means Of resuSCitating the COnstruC-
ton industry through the introduc-
tiOn Of lower costs. The lumber in
terests face the issue SquaTely when
they urge all construction indus
tries and labor in the building trades
to recognize the dehatiOn which
has taken place, and 10 place their
respective branches upon basis con
sistent with the public interest in
the revival Of building activity"
That the lumber interests should
endeavor 10 bring other building
costs down to their own level is
natural. Lumber has dror ped 80
percent and stands for cut of align
ment with certain other indispensI-
BILE comm odities. Doubt may proper
ly be entertained as to how much
the meeting will accomplish. Man
ufacturers of hardware. brick, and
so on may prove Obdurate. The con-
ference is important in that it gives
public sentiment a point upon
which 20 focus and an opportunity
for self-eXpressiOn The public is in
censed at building prices. Neverthe-
less, the deadlock between pro-
ducers and consumers IS unbroken.
Reductions are in evidence, but they
do not cut deep enough
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
Trend of the Markets
-Grain-LtVestock-Cotton

for "a bold movement upward and
may duplicate the anticipated course
Of certain other markets during en-
suing weeks. Prices are bound -
huctuate and reCOveries alternate
with breaks as the market reflects
the temporary influence Of minor
factors and the varying shades OF
opinion which gain the upper hand
Mil activity increases and world
taklngS I'm a recent week recorded
an amazing advance Easier money
and plans for reduction Of acreage
figure ON the markets constructive
side ON the whole. fundamental
I'm the cotton market il must bt
admitted, remain about the same.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
WOOL.

Manufacturers have manifested
some interest in woods. especially
those OF the better grades. and the
outlook for renewed activity in the
goods trade has frightened a little
ON the whole. reports from the wool
market reveal continued dullness
and hopeful expectation. Dealers
feel confident that mill stocks are AT
low point Stocks of wool held by
Boston dealers on Jan. are put al
100000 pounds, as compared with
~. 100000 last year. Imports of raw
wool during 1920 were only 162. OOO.-
GOO pounds compared with 265,000.-
600 in 1919-evidence of sympa-
thetic demand and a sragnant mar
kct. Domestic receipts at Boston
likewise fell much below those of
the year preceding.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
CHICAGO PRODICF

CHICAGO. jan - III TIER Re
seIpts 90 tubs. creamery. extra. 4Jc. oN
frI hr~fs asa tac. first 1~s
EGGS- Eeeripts E 54f. current receipts
sea- Ft'. ordinary hrstS ItHI6c. fr,ts
- l.fi t,. extra 4>H52r. checks J0G IIo
CHEESE Twins. new. 2tN24lec. pals.
SEES. fisH Pa. Fouug Americas. 21d2I tsc.
iouEhuru-. 29NZ1isc brick roe
LIVE POI ITRN TURKEYS. 1905 chick
pus $50 syringe .Ge- rpuSters 2Oc,
geese ltt. ducks 3oe
POTATOES Receipts % ears Minnie
sofas and Wiscousius 81 2oU 13J.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
METALS

The volume of iron and steel bust
ness continues lighe Pig iron pro
ducers are Resisting lower prices
quite actively. Export demand is at
low ebb. although plans for future
orders are being laid. The tone of
the copper market has changed and
good buying is reported with consid-
cradle interest manifest abroad.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
Short Coverings and
Export Buying Raises
Chicago Wheat Prices

by Associated Press.
CHICAGO. Jan. 22-Wheat prices
averaged higher today because OF
short covering and buying by houses
with exr ort connections, the latter
removing hedges against sales
abroad. At the finish wheat showed
a net advance of IA 10 "a, with
March AZ s1.6634 10 S1.67A and
May S157% TO S1.5S. Corn was up
q TO &c, oats showed a gain of -
TO &c and provisions were L 10
p &c higher.
A report that Belgium had effect
ed a loan Of S3O.0OO,0OO 10 buy
wheat and other commodities was
a factor in the wheat market. Win
nipeg reported sales Of flour TO a
continental government equal to
$50. 900 bushels of wheat. while eN-
pOrters were said 10 have worked
S1.25O.OO0 bushels Of the grain 10
continental Europe.
Buying against weekly bids ST
corn and oats furnished the bulk OF
support in coarse grains and the
lowest prices of the day were made
early. There was rather general
buying by local traders and commits
sion houses. but the undertone was
not very strong.
II isn't lost. A classified ad Will
find II for you.
Call and pay for the want ad
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
INnIANAPnIIS I'M srnck

INrIANAPpLfS Jan HOGS Re
eeiprs soon. market 25c higher. best
hc1vies. $40 10. mediums and mixed
common to choice. SS-lH1 So bulls ~
Slfrs - 1-f70
CATTLE Receipts zoo mrrset stor7v.
steers >1Adl0. COWS and beIfers. 81 -
afe--
SHEEP Receipts Ton. market steady.
tur Ssuf
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
IAsT BUFFALO LIVE STOCK.

EAST BUFFALO. n ". Jan - CAT
TIE Receipts 900 bead market steady
prime steers S8J0H TO. shipping steers.
50 IoH 20 80. butcher grades. SJ.JuN 90,
heifers ST5Nu9 milk COWS and spring
Crs SluFl te0
CALVES EeyciptS 10 head market
active ruIl 90 choire. NN1N
market slow. choice lambs. S11N I -
Gull o. fair. J0rMf7J. yearliu-s $500
so. sheep. SiMGJ0.
HuG>-E Receipts $500. market slow
Workers $40 ga 1870. pigs SIT. mixed
SioE 1850 heavy. S1uW 1u -. ruUEhS, S~H
So. stays. Sj.IAGG5O
CHICAGO CASH GRAEN
chicago Jan Nv HEAT so.
rcd. S1.N1. SO. . hard Sl73N .T2ts. No
e. spring 50 Il
tuBN-No 2 yellow. 81 eUG}c. 40.
yellow 54fi Igi.c. No % mixed. 90 iaM
f-c- No 3 mixed. 5q65gli 80. white
,1f. cd f2c- No. 4 white 42Wi3c, 80.
white 81 ic
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
cmICACn oRAIN cIn,r

CHICAGO Jan Z3-CIosiuc prices
AT-NTay. - .57ai qII.-S
tbNN WAY 6Siiir July. Dt Na.r.
.>.s '~ t~'- ~ A :. ., 2, d .-a~ -~a- O..
OATS May fftt- July. 4f4ffI-r-
PORK Nav. S2355. Jan S21 30
LARD N1N. Nl2T7. Sept 1910
RIBS May. STRIP. sept. S1-O2
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-01-23
LIVE STOCK.

Corrected Daily by Major Bros. :. LO-
gan St. MishRwala.)
HEAVY FAT STEERS-Fair 10 good.
TdNc prime. sac.
HOGS-130 10 1J0 lbs. So, $50 to Ito
lbs. Si9c: ITO 20 Do lbs. &c 225 10
sou lbs, 9Ac.