davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1921-06-16

The Story Of
Our States
By JONATHAN BRACE
XXXV.-W. VIRGINIA
I ! 8: 9 .: ! !:
A4Ae,& A plies, West
lEiSg&'S& } Virginia was
E&a NaI originally
N&NAexEISH portion Of
ZSS,SsV@ Virginia, the
ss&s Old Dominion
colony. While Its history is nat
urally yoked up with that of the
Mother State, there are many
points in which the two sections
OF virginia were divergent and
1t was for this reason that West
virginia finally became a sepa-
rate state.
The first white man who prob
hbly penetrated the wilderness
OF this Western region was John
Ladcrer, q German surgeon. who
went on a tour Of exploration in
loo0. In the same year, La Sale
S''lird up the Ohio and landed
ut several points in the present
state. There was little colonial.
tion until 1872, when Scotch and
irish adventurcrs began to fiji
western Virginia. They were
encouraged but little, and, in
fact, the King in 1888 declared
mat this part of the colony was
lndith country and could not
rlshlfully be settled. Colonizn.
lloh continued, however, and bit.
ter warfare was wagcd against
the Indians and the French who
mad come down from the North.
In LIZA the battle of 1T. Pleasant
was fought, which was one of
the hloodicSt Of Indian conflicts.
The backwoodsmen who set
tied in the Western part Of Vir-
"inia were entirely different
types or men from the wealthy
slave owners along the coast.
J"hiouSiCS between the two sec
tions arose and the Western !.
countries felt great diSSatisfac- !:
ton nt The way Virginia was !.
g"vernn. them. The most I:
marked point Of disagreement !:
was over the slavery question,
ana IT was because OF this that, !.
when Virginia seeded from the
mon in 1861, West Virginia
took matters in its own hands.
'ciegatcs met at Wheeling, drew
up separate constitution. and
declared their independence.
Their application for admission !:
into the Union was accepted by
Lincoln, and in 1863 West Vir-
ginia became the thirtS-fifth
state.
1t is often called the pan
handle State" on account of its
shape. It's area is 24.17O square
miles, and 1t has eight presiden-
tial electors.
% by Mcclure Newspaper syndicate)
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1921-06-16

aSey Progress and Pickens Sentinel 90 into 600 Of
e oest homes in this section every week. crcn1a+ - orv
Oh Pckens county and the upper section (shv Creek
ana 1arVm Townshi1os) Of Anderson county
- Deach the People Of this Section With a Mnn &C Exnense
Use These Newspapers
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1921-06-16

The Story of
Our States
BY JONATHAN BRACE
XXXVI.-NEVADA
Aasm NE'yAsDpaAa spaa,.s Is
! :| 4: u A ! ! !
"a lSSGA djective
VAC E.&E3 snowy" and
WS$szSsss@4@ the Sierra
G&Y6I1 N ev adas,
those lofty mountains which sep
arate the State from California.
Most Of the history Of the state
centers In this Western section,
near the Sierras, and 1t is here
that all of Nevada's principal
cities are located.
The first white man to cross
the present state was the Fran.
ciscan Monk, Father Cares, who
made his way across the deserts
to California in 1775. In 1925
Peter s. Ogden Of the Hudson's
Bay company discovered the
Humboldt river, which is some
times called Ogden river after
him.
The next memorable trip
across the state was that by
Fremont in 1s43, when he went
to California at the time Of the
outbreak Of the Mexican war.
1t was this war which In 1848
resulted in Mexico ceding large
area to the United States, Of
which Nevada was part. When
this was organized into terri.
tories, the Territory Of Utah ex.
tended to California. The West
ern inhabitants, however, were
left to their own resources and
accordingly organized their own
government. Resenting the at.
titude of Utah they petitioned
to be annexed to California.
In 1859 the Comstock Lode
was discovered and Nevada had
Its own mining boom. popula.
tton Immediately grew by leaps
and hounds and In 1851 Nevada
was formed into separate ter
ritory. Later, portions of Utah
were added and the lower part
Of the state was taken from Ari-
zonn. Petitions for statehood
were made but 1t was not until
1864 that Nevada became the
thirty-sixth state of the Union.
Though Nevada ranks sixth
IN size with Its area of 11O,6GO
square miles, 1t has the smallest
population Of any Of the 48
states. Between 1900 and 1900
thcre was q marked decrease in
the population due to the falling
or of mining industry.
e@ ny keclure Newspaper Syndicate,
~ ntsHa HakH a
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1921-06-16
49,
9;:::::::::$'-
exporters, travellers
ship and sail under
the Stars and Stripes

ship and sail under
the Stars and Stripes
THERE are today few
L ports in the world of
Importance to shippers or
travellers, which cannot be
reached by ships that sail
under the Stars and Stripes.
President Harding has
said that, I'VE cannot sell
successfully where we do
not carry. The American
Merchant Marine that once
almost vanished is again an
established and important
carrier Of the worlds COM
merce.
You can ship or sail any
where in American ships
designed for utmost COM
fort and safety.
Operators Of Passenger
Services
Adris"l 4o1t. tinS N y State Street. New
Mstson Navigation Company, 10
SO. Gay Street, Baltimore, Md
Munson Steam Ship Line, 81 Beaver
Street, kc~ York. \ \.
New York and Porto Rico 6. s. Co.
Broadway. New York, n. \.
Pacific Mail S. S. Co. 43 broadway,
New York. ~ T.
u. S. Mail S. S. Co, IS Broadway.
New York. ~ \.
Ward Line. CNew York and Cuba Mail
;; 3 So E"ct OF Wall Street.
Free use of
Shipping Board flms
Use Of Shipping Board motion pktute
films, four reels. free on request OF any
mayor, pastor. postmaster. or organi,
zation \ great educational pictu.e
of ships and the sea. Write for inform
stIon TO II. Laue, Director Information
Bureau, Room OIL. 1910 r" Street,
". w, Washingto on, ID. C..
SHIPS FOR SALE
tTs American eifissss sni,)
Stssi steamers. both oil aod coal
pnfners. Also wood steamers, wood
nu,ia and ocean. aoink tuss. Further
Information obtained by request,
For sailings ofpassengey
and freight shtbs 70 all
The Pickens sentinel. (Pickens, S.C.) 1911-2016, 1921-06-16
Free use Of
Shipping Board flrns

films, four reels. free on request OF any
mayor, pastor. postmaster. or orgoni-
1at,on \ great educational pictu.e
Of ships and the sea. Write for inform.
stlon TO III, Laue, Director information
bursau, Room OIL, 1910 F" Street,
~. w, Washinpton D. c.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
PARIS ROURsE PRICES HEAVY

PARIS, September 12-Prices were
heavy on the bourse today. Three per
cent rentes. Sc francs SIS centimes.
Exchange on London. 81 francs s5
centimes: 5 per cent loan, 81 francs
As centimes. The dollar was quoted
at 13 francs S6h centimes.
Evening star., 1921-09-12

explanation than the one already
namely. that Germany used
up all the available gold that 1t could
lay hands on and at the same time
drew heavily upon its credits abroad
in order to make the billion marks
indemnity payment of August 81.
The comment has been made that
this decline win have to be checked
very soon or else it will hurt Ger
manys reviving industry through the
exorbitant prices which have to be
paid for foreign raw material.
But, in the meantime. Germany is
giving an object lesson to the world
of the futility of expecting her to
meet the next reparationS INSTALL
ment in cash. that the settlement Will
have to be made in goods.
stock Weak Early.
Stocks were actively sold on profit
taking for an hour or SO.
This selling carried the speculative
leaders down all the way from
point to three points from where
they had left off Saturday. A similar
sharp reaction occurred in the cotton
market.
In the early weakness steels. oils
and equipments were the soft spots.
with Mexican Petroleum of nearly
3h points. The easier feeling spread
as the rush to take profits was accel-
Grated and Baldwin. Harvester. Kelly
Springfield. Studebaker. corn products
Evening star., 1921-09-12
Slow But Steady Advance
In California Products
BY LYNN &. SIMPSON.
al n;snatrh IN Tho Gtor

SIHfSoNs
Special Dispatch TO The Star.
SAN FRANCISCO. September IA
Although the Labor day holiday on
Monday and the state holiday Friday
made last week quiet one in busi-
ness circles. there is unquestionably
an improvement in conditions in this
section as elsewhere. The slow but
steady advance in prices of California
products has improved the outlook for
the farmer and low prices for hay and
high prices for butter have meant ad-
ditional money for the dairymen.
Bankers and business men empha-
size that while it is unwise to preach
excessive optimism and point out that
too much enthusiasm has left large
surplus stocks in many lines,
the worst of the trouble is over.
These troubles cannot be regarded as
entirely over. they say. until labor
again is employed on a fair basis
Banks generally have reduced their
loans. and while this is an eminently
safe situation. it also indicates a
sluggish condition of business. Stead
lily increasing building undoubtedly
will lead to increased borrowing for
business purposes.
Retail trade here has been only fair.
but is improving. This Improvement
is somewhat spotty in character.
owing to the influence Of drives in
various lines.
Evening star., 1921-09-12

and carpets by Alexander Smith &
Sons, Company yielded a total of A,-
100000, about million more than
was expected. Prices for tapestries
were slightly lower. but administers
held up we'll.
YOUNGSTOWN. Ohio. September IL
(SpecisD sD.-Independe understand
that the American Steel and Wire
sidiary. has advanced the price OF
plain wire So a TN and have showed
the price of nails from $2.16 to $2.SO.
BIRMINGHAM. Ala. September IL
(Special).-The Holt Furnace of the
Central Iron and Coal Company Will
resume making iron September IS,
after an idleness extending for nearly
a year. Forty of the by-product ovens
have been fired up.
Vanilla Beans.
NEW YORK, September IL (Spe-
ciaD.-The prices for Mexican vanilla
beans continue to strengthen because
of the smaller crop estimates recently
received. Inquiry. however, is not
urgent.
Business Topics.
DETROIT, September IL Especially.
"A decided activity in dealings in
real estate has made itself evident in
Detroit in the past few weeks. Near
ly $500 deeds have been recorded in
the last month, an increase of about
400 from the month previous. Many
of these are for residence properties.
ST. LOUIS. September IL Especially.
and business men are rap
idly discharging their Indebtedness
to the banks Of the south and both
loans and deposits are decreasing in
Financial institutions
are building up reserves. and 1T is es-
that the contraction of credit
will have run it's full course in the
southern states by Christmas. The
Of the resumption of con-
struction work and increase in the
working forces of industrial plants
are being closely watched, for the un-
is far from solved and will become
more pressing as the farm hands are
from seasonal employ
ment.
NEW YORK. September 12 (Spe-
construction forces of the
New York Telephone Company estab-
lished a new record the first week In
when they laid 1900 miles
of wire in the greater city. About
three thousand men are engaged in
expanding the lines of the system.
both In providing additional trunking
facilities and =: extending lines into
new residenC d tricts.
FORT WOkTff Tex. September IL
(SpeciaD growers in certain
sections of Texas are holding their
crops for higher prices. This is es-
pecially noted in the section around
the northern panhandle where an eX-
traordinary wheat crop was produced
this season. Cotton. however. is
being marketed freely and the hold
ing movement in that staple has
gained no proportions as yet. despite
the jump in prices.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
COTTON MARKET NERVOUS,
FLUCTUATION in PRICES

NEW YORK. September 12.-The
cotton market was extremely nervous
and irregular during today's early
trading The southwestern storm
news was reflected in the sensational
strong showings of Liverpool. but the
opening here was irregular at an ad-
vance of Is points to a decline OF
points, and after selling about 70 to
rs points net higher on active months
the market broke severely under
profit taking. Hedge selling against
purchases of spot cotton in the south
was also reported on a heavy scale.
and after having sold at 21.1s Decem-
Der broke to 1885. while January sold
OFF from 2o,S5 to 1910. or 1ss points
fluctuations increased the excite
ment of sentiment and December later
rallied to 20.25. with the price move
ment so rapid and erratic that the
trend Of the market was uncertain.
NEW ORLEANS, September "a
Shafp and nervous fluctuations over
a wide range accompanied the early
trading in cotton today. The bulge
in Liverpool and a food of COM
plants from Texas of immense crop
damage from winds. rains and wash
outs put prices 60 to 80 points higher
the course of the first call. 1mmedi-
ately after the market commenced to
break under liquidation of the piled
up long account and under the slump
in German and French exchange,
which was taken as very unfavor-
able influence. At the end of the first
hour of business prices were SO to
los points lower than the last quo
tation of last week. October traded
up to Fl cents pound and fell back
to 1915. Fluctuations on the later
months were wider. March trading up
to zoos, and falling back to 1880.
LIVERPOOL. September l2.-Spot
cotton in good demand. Prices hard
ening. Good middling, 14.91: fully
middling, 1929: middling. 1871: low
middling. 1897: good ordinary. 1872;
ordinary, 11.17.
Sales. $1,000 bales, including 800
American. Receipts. $4,000 bales. in
cluding 14.700 American.
Futures closed weak: September.
1894: October, 1929: January, 1897;
March. 1855: May. 1913; July. 1925.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
GERMAN MARK SLUMPS
TO A NEW LOW Level

NEW YORK. September 12.-Ger-
man marks. which fell below 1 cent
each last Saturday for the first time.
made another new low record today.
opening at 0.93 cents.
The further break was directly
traceable to London. where marks
were quoted before the opening Of
this market at 1913 to the pound ster-
ling.
French exchange also was unsettled
points from last weeks final price to
1928. and italian exchange was weak
in sympathy.
Aside from recognized unfavorable
economic conditions in Germany and
throughout central Europe. dealers
were unable to offer any new explain
alton for the weakness Of these ex-
changes.
The assumption among local bank
ers is that German financial and in
dustrial interests again find it neces-
sary to unload their paper currency,
and that this liquidation Is being
given greater momentum from further
bear speculation in marks on the
Berlin exchange and elsewhere in
Germany.
LONDON, September 1.-THE German
mark underwent a sharp decline In
the exchange market here today. Its
value in the early afternoon fell to
397 " marks the pond sterling, new
low record for the mark here, while
later there was a still further decline
in value. the mark reaching 400 the
pound.
The drop was ascribed in financial
quarters to Germany's recent repara-
tions payment and to the unsettled
state Of German politics.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
Trade HaIts in Flood Area,
But Is Booming Elsewhere
by JAMES II. RECORD.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
FORT WORTH. September 12.-one
vast section of Texas, fiood-swept for
three days, has suffered a severe trade
relapse. but business elsewhere In the
southwest continues to boom under
the influence Of mounting cotton and
grain prices. In the flood district.
whicn extends south from Waco. much
cotton has been destroyed in the
fields and on the platform and this
item constitutes the chief agricultural
loss.
One of the features of reviving busi-
ness here has been the reduction OF bank
loans. Texas banks borrowed $54,-
527, 200 for the first week in Septem-
ber this year as against S113.0OO.OOO
for the similar period in 1920. Whole
salers report last week the best in two
years. with retailers casting aside
their timidity and doubling and
tripling their orders for winter. From
wool concentration points come re-
ports of sales made at 25 cents
pound. with consequent reduction OF
stocks and payment of old debts Pre-
liminary estimates indicate large
pecan crop and San Antonio already
has ordered twenty-five cars to care
for the early movement of nuts Each
car will average 10000 pounds and the
crop is expected to bring from Is to
lS cents a pound at the car.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
BY EDISON b. SMITH.

Special Dispatch to The Star.
BOSTON, September 12.-There has
been a tremendous change in senti-
ment for the better in banking and
business circles in New England with
in the last week. Financiers and
manufacturers have no hesitancy In
saying that the advance in the price
of cotton is the most important con-
structive development in months.
They predict 1t will be attended by
far-reaching results in other lines.
Already it has turned the market
for cotton goods from buyers to
sellers affair. Most of the leading
cotton manufacturers in New England
have Withdrawn from the market and
will contract for future deliveries
only at sharp price advances.
, Buyers of leather and WOO! are pc
coming anxious as to how long the
present ultra Debated prices OF those
commodities will last, and buying is
beginning to assume much more conn
dent proportions. The wooden mllis
continue to operate at capacity anu
50 per cent of the offerings at tne
government wool auction sale last
week were taken at advances III price
over the August sales.
Even the steel people are beginning
to talk more hopefully and the oeiiei
is expressed that by spring oeIlanu
for steel products will De pach ~
normal.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
BAR SILVER QUOTATIONS.

BAR SILVER QUOTATIONS.
NEW YORK. September IL. For
eien bar silver, 64k. Mexican dollars.
49S.
LONDON. September 12.-Bar silvey,
SD per ounce: money. 2s per cefN.
r.'- ut rates: S'1o--' ~ :. ~"
.ree-uton n -. 3. per ceA..
Evening star., 1921-09-12
GOOD DEMAND FOR
LOCAL SECURITIES
Bonds Favored by Investors
Capital Traction Firm.
CongratuIates Bankers.

/, There was good demand from in
vestors for bonds on today's session
of the local stock market. with prices
generally strong and. on the average.
higher.
Sales Were made at 1914 for Wash
ington Gas IS. 6S for Anacostia and
Potomac River 5s. S7h for Capital
Traction 5s. 81 ss for Railway IS. and
e6l2 for the consolidated IS of the
Potomac Electric Power Company.
Stocks moved slowly but Capital
Traction showed a firmer trend at
81. while Railway preferred brought
There were no sales of Graphophone
preferred. although q was bid. On
the New York Stock Exchange it sold
at 22is. No reason for the advance
was made public.
Cotton section borrowers.
So great is the demand for redis-
counts that the federal reserve banks
of Richmond. Dallas and Atlanta
that inese banks have borrowed free
ly from other reserve banks, tae total
of their loans. with that of the Min
neapolis bank. borrowed to carry
wheat. in all probability, is 500. .603.o0n.
So long as Richmond is a borrower
the chances for a further reduction
in the discount rate are not good.
THANKS the Bankers.
Secretary of State Hughes. Secre-
tary of the Treasury IeIion and Sec
retary of Commerce Hoover have
each written to Marco ii. Hellman
representing Los Angeles bankers. in
the preliminary work of the coming
national convention of the American
Bankers Association. each letter be-
ing an assurance of deep appreciation
of the manner in which the bankers
of the country have upheld the gov
ernment and aided in the solution of
the financial problems. the distribu-
uon of government securities, etc
In asking the officials named to
attend the convention the bankers
were in hope that their program for
better business conditions could be
/ reviewed by these and approved in
f; the light of international conditions
Secretary Melons letter is at
| tached:
| With respect to the annual con-
vention Of the American Bankers
Association. TO be held in Los An
geles in October. l am glad to extend
my best wishes for the success Of the
convention. am glad also to have this
f; opportunity 10 express to the Ameri-
can Bankers Association my sincere
appreciation of the helpful co-opera-
/ ton which the Treasury has con-.
stantly had from American bankers
| in the past. and my confident hone
| that the Treasury will continue to
| have the cooperation of the associa-
| t1on IN meeting the many financial
| problems which confront the nation.
| with the broad vision and earnest ef-
| fort that have characterized the as
sociation's activities in the past.
| Sincerely yours,
"A w. MELLON"
Evening star., 1921-09-12

and Sumatra all declined one to three
points. The lower exchange rates on
marks. francs and lire may have been
responsible for some uneasiness.
Stronger Tone.
Buying Of leather shares led the re-
action from the weak spell. Some
new buying orders developed and
there was a moderate Improvement
In the representative industrials from
the low point.
In this recovery Wilson Packing.
United Fruit. Pullman. Houston and
Industrial Alcohol did not share: on
the contrary. they lost one to four
points.
Today's action seemed to indicate a
willingness on the part of traders to
follow the market to higher levels il
1t is scheduled that way. but a Ieadi-
ness to turn quickly on the slightest
sign OF reactionary trend.
The news of the day was not en-
couraging.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
POLAND SHOWS PROGRESS
Better Economic Conditions Despite
Drop in Exchange.

Notwithstanding the fall In Polish
exchange, economic conditions in Po-
land have steadily improved. accord
ing to agents of the Department of
Commerce who have just completed q
general survey of the situation since
the end of the Russo-Polish war in
October. 1920. There have been sub
stantial increases in the agricultural
and industrial output of Poland and
a marked improvement in transporta-
tion. These have done much to mini
mize the bad effects of multiplication
of paper money.
of Polish exchange" the report con-
tinues, sis the increase in paper
money. The amount outstanding
reached nearly one hundred billion
marks on July 1, 1921. nearly thirty
times as much as two years before
and nearly five times as much as one
year before.
Evening star., 1921-09-12
STOCK MARKET IS
MORE TWO-S|DED
Profit 7 aking Brings Early
Losses-Some Recoveries,
Led by Leathers.

NEW YORK. September 12.-The
outstanding incident in today's finan-
cial situation was the further heavy
selling of German marks AT one
time their market was so demoralized
that offers were made without I'M
mediate takers as low as .00925-
Later some support developed and
there was a partial rally. but nothing
of any consequence in comparison
with the succession of violent down.
ward plunges that have occurred
within the past week.
This movement required no other
Evening star., 1921-09-12
Washington Stock Exchange

Washington Gas 5s-$1 900 at 7sL, $500 at
7sh.
Anacostia and Potomac 1st 5s-S1 600 at g.
81 900 at 8s. 81 600 ut ss. 81. 900 at ss.
Capital Traction 5s-Sl 600 at s7k.
Washington ailway and Electric ISL 900 at
G1N.
Potomac Electric cons 5s-S1.H at sSiA.
81 600 at s8Iy. 81 $50 at S61s. $1,000 al sGH
Capital Tracfinn-5 at 81, at 81. l at
81, 3 at 81. at 81.
AFTER CALL.
Washington Railway pfd.-5 at 80. at SO.
Capital Trac;ion--5 ut 81.
Money-Call loans. 5lsaGr per cent.
Evening star., 1921-09-12

LIBERTY BOND CLOSING PRICES.
NEW YORK. September 12.-Liberty
bends closed: 3ias. S7.3S: first As, $3.50
BID: second ss. S1.s2: first AVS. $500:
n'~i tl.s. 92.Na:
fourth 4As. $50: Victory 3%s. 1906:
Evening star., 1921-09-12
Notes of Commodities
In Various CenterS
.Dewelry.

NEW YORK. September 1o tSpe-
ciaD.-Although the jewelry trade is
scarcely active, there is sufficient de-
mand to keep the selling houses fair
ly busy. All Indications point to bet
ter business. especially for statesmen
on the road. in the next few weeks.
The demand for diamonds and the rise
Evening star., 1921-09-12
FOREIGN BONDS.
FVf6EIUN bUNDS.
Quotation furnished by w. 3. Hibbs & Co.
pricoz nOon-
FOREIGN EXCHANGE.

Quota tions furnished by W. B. Hibbs Co.
Selling checks-pollar yxlues at noon today