davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1921-04-27
IIIIjWIEIlIINTOIEllIIIIEl1

During this exhibit OF UNIVERSAL Rangewel take your
and the strength
liberal allowance your new purchase
Then make your own o balance.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
STRIKERS, MAY, CALL, y
EVERY WORKER OUT

BAKERSFIELD, Oct. 5.-A state
wide strike Of California oil workers
threatening almost complete paraly-
sis to one. of the states greatest in
dustries is imminent.
An immediate release from it's
promise to postpone calling a general
strike was requested yesterday by the
oil workers district council in tele-
gram to Secretary Of Labor Davis.
Walter j. Yarrow, adviser, and F..
B. Daniels, sGetary of the district
council, signed the telegram, which
also contained an appeal for gov
ernment investigation Of the present
Kern county strike.
Operators have misrepresented
local conditions" the telegram said.
"Bootlegging has almost wholly dis
appeared. Transgression against law
and order has been reduced far elbow
normal and yet the world through So
called respectable operators is led to
believe we are worse than Russian
soviets."
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
RANCH HLAND SELLS
FOR $500 AN ACRE

w. H. Best yesterday reported the
sale Of 80 acres south of Brawlcy for
consideration Of $500 an acre. The
land is what is know mas the c. N.
IStahl property and the purchaser is
E. W.. Goff, who will farm it inten-
sively, putting in grapes and grape
fruit as rapidly as cultivation and
seasons permit. eD
Best also calls attention to the fact
that another 80 acre tract. consider
ably further out from Brawley has
just been sold at $500 an acre and that
there were two offers for it. II is not
the price itself that attracts atten-
tion but the fact that little less than
a year and half ago, when property
was changing hands rapidly. and there
was a very strong demand for ranch
land, the SAME land sold at $ls5 per
acre.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
Robert York's Closing Out Dairy Sale
Thursday, October 18th.

cement sneadgates and ten-inch pipe; combination
buck rake and stacker, etc.
Sixty Barred Rock Hens and 10 Turkeys.
No. II DeLava Separator, 13i h. p. Alpha engine,
and milk cans Pine tree milking machine, only used
six weeks Here is your chance to get real milking
machine in Al condition.
TERMS-S1O0 or under cash. over 500 one-half in
three months, one-half in six months. Purchaser to
give note and approved security drawing 10 per cent
interest from date All notes to be approved by clerk
and no property tob removed until settled for.
Anyone buying four cows more will be given long
time payments with approved security.
WILL STANTON and d. L. ZINN, Auctioneers
$40 Main ST., phone 394 Ell Centre, O.. G. Horne,
Clerk; Tyler Duff ring man; Dad Ferris, Office Boy.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
Wrong Ideas
on Paint Economy

Don't allow surfaces to rot
it costs less to paint them.
We've made paints for west
ern use for II years. We use
pure PIONEER w H l T E
LEAD, pure linseed oil, zinc
and color, but we mix them in
scientific proportions with long
time skill.
Our white lead base must be
fine enough to pass through a
silk screen with 10000 meshes
to the square inch. That means
covering capacity and ease or
spreading. We super-purify the
lead to make it 'whitcr," which
means clear-toned colors.
The finished product on the
house is a beautiful, elastic
tough protective coating.
We call these paints "Fuller's
Specification House Paints" be-
cause they are the very best
made for the purpose.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
MEET ME AT sTEvE's
Mr.. TOdd's Music Studios
Are at 624 Olive. Phone 466-W.

All of the pastors of the Methodist
churches in the valley are attending
the annual conference Of the church
in Los Angeles.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05

THERE'S one way to save
i on paint. That way is to use
the best of paint.
Some think of paint economy
as "cost per gallon" That is
wrong. Cheap paint doesn't
cover as much surface - you
need more gallons.
Cheap paint is more difficult
to spread, requires more labor,
so the best paint costs no more
when you've put it on the house
than cheap paint does.
More than that, it lasts five
or more years longer, if prop
erly applied, while cheap paint
on the average begins cracking
in twelve months. Good paint
is an Investment that saves
money by preventing deteriora-
tion of the house.
4 = 8 >
"Cheap" paint is the only
paint that really costs you any
thing.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
MEET. ME AT STEVE'S

DR.. Foncanon, Osteopathic Physician.
Room 80 Davis Bldg, Office and
house phone 1893.
T. M. Jacobs Of Los Angeles, son
of Fred Jacobs, of Calexico, was an
Ell Centre visitor today. Mr.. Jacobs
hereafter will be associated with his
father in business in the border town.
Dance at Seeley Wednesday and Sat-
urday nights.
Don't fail to visit the Holton Power
company's electrical appliance display.
Attorney w. E. Ginder has re-
turned from an extended visit to Bos-
ton and other eastern cities, and will
resume the practice of law at Calexico.
A Meloland school dance will be
given Friday night, October z, for the
purpose Of raising funds for the equip
ment of the new house for the teach
ers. The Brawley Jazz orchestra, has
been engaged to furnish the music.
Phila Pettis Foxqo 9iet 4oA p1s -.
Piano, Violin, Voice Studio, Davis
Building, Wed, 1875; Sat. 1912.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
|M2es Mol7MnI

Paul Black left last night for Los
Angeles after spending a few days in
Ell Centre on business.
.Vreeland Studio open for business.
MEET Me AT STEVE'S
u The election for student body of
fcers, was held Monday at the High
school. The officers elected were Rus
sell Kleigel, student body president;
Margaret Julian, secretary, and Thel-
ma Scott, treasurer. y
Bottled Coca Cola,
Cherry Blossom, Orange, Lemon or
Lime Crush, Cascade Ginger Ale, Root
Beet or mixed cases delivered to your
home at $1.50 per case of "a bottles.
Bottle deposit $1.00 until returned
Order case from your dealer or
phone 78W, Coca Cola Bottling Works.
High school football practice is now
on in full swing and by present indi-
cations a team will be had this year
that will put Ell Centre High in line
for the valley championship.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05

On the Old Miller Ranch, 1-2 mile south, miles
east of Heber, 2 miles north of the Ten Foot Drop
Sale commences at 1880 o'clock sharp.
Bigifree lunch at noon. Owners quitting business,
leaving the valley.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05

On the York Ranch, miles wSst and - miles
north of Seeley, - miles due north of the No. II
Corrals on the Ell Centre, San Diego Highway.
Sale commences at 1890 sharp.
Mr.. YYork is plowing up his ranch, putting in
grapes. Everything goes.
Free Lunch at noon
2O-CHOICE DAIRY COWS-2O
Mostly Guernseys, few Jerseys and Holstens.
NOTE-These extra choice cows, the good kind
mostly all of these cows just, fresh or heavy
springers.
l Registered Guernsey Bull, 10 months old, some
bull, look him over; 19 Heifers l to 2 years old;
HOGS-5 brood sows, with pigs by side; good
Duroc boar. IMPLEMENTS-20 Stancheons; milk
cart; rake; big six mower; v; power feed grinder;
5 chicken coops; oil drum; gas TANK number of
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
MEET ME AT STEVE'S

Violin Studio.
Mrs. Marie Jenkins, resident teacher
for past eight years, has reopened her
violin and cornet. studio. at 500 Olive
street, corner Sixth.
pEtR@ ttsSI-N-- 49,
City Attorney John s. Larew is re-
turning olLcs Angeles tomprrow to
argue . case in the Superior court
there. | Mrs. fEarew who is visiting in
Los Angeles will return home with
him Tuesday, r. 4sr f4->
+, a4s9'. ti9,i. ;---v StH.. ~
=, Vreeland Studio open for business.
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
css;; s;::s!::s: :: :: (: s lN

SAVE THIS
(Cut this out and paste it in your
note book as neno)
NY house needs painting. Fuller's
Specification House Paints are sold by
the following Agents:
Imperial Valley press., 1921-10-05
MEET ME- AT STEvE'S
Vreeland Studio open for busine

Violin, Harmony, Theory, Singing
Are taught by Mrs. D. B. Williams.
A. T.. C. L. (Eng.) and Mr.. Williams
at 813 Olive. Phone 198W
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry C. Jones left
yesterday for Los Angeles on short
business trip and will return Satur-
day. 50 ~ f~-.%.5
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
CHRIS LARSEN NEW PRES.
LINCOLN COUNTY F. B.

Despite the continuation OF our win
ters downpour a good crowd was In
attendance at the annual meeting of
the Lincoln County Farm Bureau
President Mansfield Of the State
Farm Bureau failed to- arrive ON ac-
count OF the cancellation OF the stage
schedule from Albany. In his alb
sence R. A. Ward, organization man
ager of the Oregon Wool and Mohair
Growers Assn. and c. j. Hurd of the
Extension Service Of o. A. c. were
special speakers. ......
A slight change was adopted by the
meeting in the management Of the
Farm Bureau, an executive committee
OF farmers located close to the Farm
Bureau office being elected to meet
monthly and handle the affairs of the
organization.
The following officers were elected:
Chris Larsen, Siletz, Pres; Ralph
Hamar, Siletz, Vice-Pres.; Executive
Committeeman: l.. A. Huiburt, w. w.
McMiclde, D. l.. Peterson and V. d.
Graves, all Of Toledo. In addition to
these executive committeeman, pro-
ject leaders selected thruout this
county will assist this body in con-
Quoting the various activities of the
Organization.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
SlLETz

Married, at the Methodist Episcopal
Parsonage, June oath, 1921, at
"A. M, Mr.. Joseph Freitas and Miss
Elizabeth Adams, Rev. Walter Ross
'oficiating. TIE HAPPY couple will
make their home at Siletz. The groom
is noted for his enterprise and the
bride Is educated, former studen,
OF Chemawa, and Is known az a good
home keeper and a charming young
lady, Every one wishes them happi
ness and prosperity in their new
venture. The young people here would
be better off II, they would go and
do likewise.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. L. Crawford have
returned to Siletz and opened up the
Crawford house as a hotel and will
make their home here at least for the
present
The people Of Siletz will celebrate
the Fourth of July at Newport and we
In turn invite the Newport people to
attend the community fair that will
be held at Siletz the last days in Aug
uat. Later Toledo is to hold a County
fair and it would be nice for us all
to attend that fair. We should all
work together to build up Lincoln
County. We don't get anywhere when
we oppose each other. In this recon
struction period we should all make
some sacrifice for the general good.
The roads are now getting in fine
condition and the auto travel is in
creasing right along. There is a
beauty and charm about Sletz that
every one enjoys. The cool shady
hooks, the pure sparkling streams of
water, the green forests and gentle
elevations OF the mountains and the
splendid fishing in the rivers and the
pure bracing air make 1t a paradise
Tor the one seeking health and the
sportsman.
Nicolas Stemple will build a nice
bungalow on his fine farm bought
few weeks ago, known as the George
Wilbur place, or better known by old
settlers as the John Vinyard place, To-
Gated one mile from the Agency on
the road leading to the Upper Farm.
This place has on it the celebrated
rifles where so many trout are caught.
The Indians have a legend connected
with the place that kept them from
fJhin5 here. At these rifles a sub
terranean channel run from tie rifles
to the ocean Long years ago a huge
monster came up this channel and
caught an Indian that was in bathing
and took him back to the ocean and
he was never heard from again. For
this reason the Indians never fish al
this place or go in swimming. Mr..
Stemplo is going to make a fine farm
of n
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
EDDYVILLE
We still have our June rains

We still have our June rains.
Farmers are all getting ready for
haying. There is going Ito be fine
crop Of hay and grain in this part Of
the county this year.
. S. T. Loudon returned from Mount
ain Dell where he has been attending
Pomona Grange He reports a very
successful meeting and splendid time
l.. l.. Mcbride has returned from
Valley points where he had been on
business.
Mrs. Mauch returned from Portland
last Monday. She went with her son,
Loren who has been failing in health
for some time. They went to a spec
ialist.
Mr.. Bell our highway-man left for
Sandy, Or, where he will work thru
the summer. Mrs. Bell went with him
Mrs. Gleason of Woodburn, is visit
ing her daughter, Mrs. s. T. Loudon.
John Abbey of Corvallis passed thru
Eddyville last Tuesday on a cattle
buying tour. Good luck to you, John.
r. NJ Barns is crippled up with
rheumatism. Milt says it is no joke.
Claude Carly has charge OF the
highway work here. He says he likes
Lincoln County very well.
Arrangements are being made TO
have a picnic at Eddyville on the
Fourth. There will be a short pro-
gram in the forenoon and the after
noon will be spent with sports for
young and old, and those not interest
ed in gam can come and get better
acquainted, so come and bring a bask-
ct full of good things to eat and have
good time.
Miss Thelma Hamar of Portland is
visiting friends and relatives here and
on Little Elk this week
Raymond J0nkins Of Albany is Wis
iting bis uncle and aunt. Mr.. and Mrs.
Roy Robbins the last week
Mrs. P. H. Martin of Harlan was
in Eddyville last week making ar
rangements for board. She will teach
our school this year.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
PROF. MCINTOSH OFFERS.
VALUABLE SUGGESTIONS

The growing of high quality, disease
free seed potatoes on the great areas
OF new lands in the vicinity Of Toledo
offers possibilities of developing a pro-
fitable money crop for which the mark
ct Is practically unlimited" said C.
j. Mcintosh, agricultural press editor
of the StateaCollege experiment Aatiol
who was visitor here the first of the
week. "This crop would also help
develop good tonnage for establish
ing a regular water service as soCn
as the harbcr improvement is CON-
pleted."
The market cited by Mr.. Mcintosh
was the California demand. Growers
there produce vast stores OF potatoes
for the world trade, but because of
climatic conditions, must get new
seed from northern grown stock prac-
tically every year. Genital Oregon,
Idaho and Washington contribute to
this demand, but in yield, quality and
especially in shipment costs, none of
them can compete with this district
when water transportation is esab.
lished.
"The barber needs the crop, the
crop the harbor, and the farmer could
probably use tho money" was the way
it was put.
Another advantage of the potato
crop is the opportunity it offers for
clean cultivation to help hold the wild
flax plants in check.
The growing Of purple vctch seed
for the California market is another
possibility mentioned for the agricul-
ture Of this district. California Or
chardists must grow cover crops and
plow them under occasionally. This
destroys all chance of growing their
own seed, and they have made several
trips to the experiment station to try
to arrange for a big supply Of seed.
AS with the potato seed business, Cali
fornia growers are begging Oregon to
supply seed for crop they must pro-
duce.
Attention was also called to the
value Of trying out the station pasture
mixture on the hill lands. The various
plants are well calculated to supply a
fresh feed almost all seasons of the
year, and the ryegrass forms mat
that retards erosion and trampling out
by hoofs of animals. The formula for
the mixture as given by ]. L. Cooter,
county agent, in the June number Of
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
WORK ON NEW DOCK
NOW UNDER WAY

Contractor Conrad Christensen
commenced work on the construction
of the new Port dock here the frs. of
the week. Ralph Pepin and crew have
been busy driving piling, and have the
piling all driven for the ral,road spur
to connect the dock with the S. p.
tracks. They will commence driving
piling today for the new dock.
This new dock will extend north
from the present dock for several
hundred feet. The old city dock will
be torn out and the ridge north Of same
will be graded I'M behind the rip-rap
work Of the new dock.
When completed ample dockage will
be provided for all boats visiting this
port, as well as greatly improving the
looks Of our water front.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
NASHVILLE

Mrs. Clifford Nash and small sons
are here from Bozeman, Mont to
spend the summer at the ranch.
Walter Winkler, is here from Rose
burg for few days visit with rela.
tives.
Mr.. and Mrs. Westfall and children
spent Sunday in Nashville.
Mrs. L, D. Nash spend the past week
in Corvallis.
Mr.. Coote was visiting with rela-
tives here Wednesday.
Earl Davis, and Fred Hughes of
Albany are spending the week with
relatives here.
Gustav Winkler was q week end Wis.
itor in Corvallis.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
WATT SHIPP ON ROCKS

Watt Shipp Of Salem narrowly es-
capped drowning in the Siletz river last
Sunday, anil owes his life to tho effot'o
of more skilled navigator, w. c.
Burcroff, who was fortunate enough to
be near at hand 10 aid him in lis
morsent of distress.
Judging from information available
we cannot but feel that Salem is for
tunate to be able to welcome Mr.. Shipp
back to their fold.
1t seems that Mr.. Shipp and M.
Burcroff were fishing on the river and
attempted to run the rapids in a boat.
The gol-darned boat was contrGry and
insisted on going over the rapids
broadside on, and when part way thru
struck rock and dumped the bold
out into the icy waters.
They crawled out on rock and finally
to get their errant boat bailed
out and proceed with their fishing.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
GLEN

Mrs ]. W. Davenport, Mrs. Jesse
Davenport, Mrs. John Davenport, Mr.
and Mrs. Hobart Dickson, Mrs w. R.
Moore and grandson Everett, Mrs. ].
X Wheeler, Misses Rosa and Alice
Davenport, Fred Brown and Richard
Davenport all attended the dance at
Mr. and Mrs. Charley Washburns' Sat
urday night. A splendid time was
reported.
G. w. Brown and son, Fred, Mr..
Motion and Mr.. Wright of Salado fixed
a bad place on the road near Salado
last Friday. We certainly reeG a lot
of work on the roads in this part of
the county.
Messrs. Lang, Rochester and Myers
OF. Elk City, spent the latter part Of
the week on the creek.
Mrs. ]. S. Stewart spent the Sun
day with her mother, Mrs. ]. w.
Davenport.
Mrs. J. K Wheeler returned from
the Valley Friday.
w. R. Moore went to Elk City Fri
day. ..,
Mrs. C. w. Brown and daughter,
Lefty, where dinner guests at Mr.. and
Mrs. Notions at Salado last Friday.
Mrs. ]. w. Davenport and children
visited at Mr.. and Mrs. Eaton's at Sa-
ladO last Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lloyd Drorbaugh and
children and Mrs. Drorbaugh's sister,
Miss Ethel Commons Of Salem, spent
Saturday night at C. w. Browns, re-
turning to Salem Sunday.
Mrs. l.. T. Bohannon went to the
Valley last Monday.
Richard Davenport came home last
Friday from Toledo where he has been
employed on the highway.
Fred Commons of Harlan stopped
over Sunday night at w. R. Moore's
on his way home from Ona.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01

Vivian Folmsbee OF Salado was in
this vicinity Sunday looking after
some Of his cattle that had strayed
over here.
w. r. Moore came very near losing
fine colt last week which had fallen
thru the floor Of an old building on
Drift Creek. Mr.. Dickson found the
colt and assisted Mr.. Moore in getting
1t out.
Elmer Watkins returned from the
Valley Sunday, bringing with him a
fine new horse
Mrs. w. r. Moore was quite Ill the
first Of the week.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
SOUTH BEACH

Mrs. Mcintosh and daughter of Port.
land have arrived at South Beach for
the summer.
Mrs. Piuner Of West Yaquina has
been visiting her parents for few
days, and returned home Sunday.
Rev. Heppy of Portland was calling
on Mr.. and Mrs. Lynn last week.
Mr.. Dozier went to Newport Satur-
day.
Mrs. Ludeman of Newport passed
thru South Beach Saturday on her way
from Waldport where she has been
visiting her daughter.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
MISTAKE CORRECTED

In reporting the school election last
week we stated that r. A. Arnold had
been elected director for three year
term, when we should have said r..
A. Andersen.
The following teachers have also
been elected: S. B. Robertson CT
Dawes, Iowa, has been elected to the
principalship. Mr.. Robertson is "a
years of age, is graduate Of the
University of Iowa, and has been in
charge of the Dawes schools the past
three years, having II teachers under
him.
Prof. Victor Shaw, former super
visor of Crook County, will be in
charge of the Grammar School. Mr..
Shaw is also young man, is married
and comes highly recommended. His
wife will teach in the High School.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01

The Farm Bure>u News, is as follows:
English rye grass 6 lbs; orchard
grass, Kentucky blue grass and mead
ow fescue, 3 TBS. each; timothy and
red clover, 2 TBS. each; and white
clover, / ID. This is enough for one
acre.
Mr.. Mcintosh also said that the
Lincoln County Leader measures well
up to the top of the list of papers
which won the recent country service
contest.
He invited the farmers to visit the
station at Corvallis and see the crops
mentioned as he grow in the field.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
ATTEND ROAD MEETING

County Judge Fogarty, Commission.
ers Jay Dunn and c. M. Warren, of
the Lincoln County Court acconlpan-
led by w. X. Patterson and G. B.
McCluskey of the Toledo Chamber
OF Commerce and Fred Dawson, w.
NJ. Berry and Lester Martin of the
Newport Chamber of Commerce. and
w. B. Dennis Of Carlton, went to
Portland Sunday and net with the
State Highway Commission Monday,
relative to road matters in this county.
They report a very satisfactory meet
ing.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
Mems, women's and chiIdren's rub
ber boots at Colvins.


Born, Sunday, June 26th, to Mr.. and
Mrs. Clyde Mcmillan, at their home in
Seattle, daughter. Mrs. Mcmillan
was formerly Miss Winnifred Sweari :
gen Of this place.
G. B. Han, the Standard Oil man,
had curious experience while driving
up from Newport last Saturday in his
car His gas tank sprung a leak and
2 short in his wiring set the leaking
gasoline afire. He stopped and ex-
tinguished it and after driving few
miles it again caught fire. He was
fortunate enough to discover it both
times before much damage was done.
The Peterson Hdw. Co. received
a carload of new Fords last week and
have sold them to the following: J..
|C, Fullhart, Newport; Perry Battice,
-Siletz; Bensell Orton, Siletz Tony
Wisniewski, Kernville; Geo. w. Ow-
ings, Siletz; Geo w. Parker, Fruit
vale; Mason Bensell, Siletz; Ned
Evens, Siletz; Thos. E. Young, New
port; ]. D. Kent, Waldport; Ralph
Pepin, Newport.
Miss Mollie Sidey, who has been
visiting with her brother and family
here the past year, departed Wednes-
day for her home at Edinburgh, Scot
land. She will be accompanied on the
return trip by little Dor )thy Sidey, AM
they will go vie. New York City. Mr..
Sidey and wife accompanied thcm as
far as Portland. Mr.. Sidey and wife
expect to return to Scotland also as
soon as they can dispose of their prop
: rty here.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1921-07-01
FRUITVALE

Mr.. Osburn made his return trip
from Portland the middle of last week
with his family. Mrs. Osburn is real
well and strong considering the SER
iousness of her operation.
Ben Moffit and' family Of Newport
are spending some time with his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. R. l.. Moffit.
Mrs York is in Newport for a few
days, nursing friend.
With the Fourth so close and other
work and events, haying, etc we've
very little time in our section for pro-
ducing items.