The New York herald., 1921-12-25

should at last find a workman who is
fearless. Independent and unbiased,
is there the possibility that he might
also be really articulate?
A satisfactory solution to the prob
lem is to be found in much sampling
and subsequent sitting. Add to this
warm sympathy for his fellow
earthlings and a wide open mind on
the part of the investigator and one
can see why Mr. Williams's books are
both extremely interesting and valu-
able. In 1919 Mr. Williams spent
some months with American labor, in
cooperating his reports and refiec-
tions in a volume entitled whats
On the Workers Mind" He found
four factors at the bottom of our
labor problems:
II. The huge Importance to the
working man-and that means to all
Of us-of that prayer of the indus
trial era: Give us this day our daily
job!'
y. The Importance of the part
played by our bodies, as the result
of their effort to adapt themselves to
the conditions of working and living
power for industrial and civic evil
possessed and welded by those un-
heavenly twins of 'tiredness and
temper'-the TINT that causes so
many explosions in the trenches of
both the family and the factory life.
"S. The Importance of the mental
condition of the man on the job
the threat of widespread evil to be
found in the huge volume Of mis-
understanding between modern en-
ployer and modern employee.
"a. The vital Importance of what
can be called the spiritual conditions
which all of us hope to find wrapped
up in our job: the deep down MAIN
spring Of our desire to be somebody
| and to count most Of all by reason
of the thing we do-to show ourselves
men by virtue of showing ourselves
workmen"
AS the result of this analysis an in
teresting question presented itself:
Are these four factors the conse-
quence of purely American conditions
or of industrialism? It was in order to
find an answer to this question that
the author put on some working togs
and fraternized with the miners and
steel workers of Great Britain. His
stay lasted only three months-those
Of July, August and September, 1920
but, judging from the variety of view
points obtained, they were very stren-
uous months.
Full up!"
These two words supply" in the
n tfth Ax~tr afx,tA A.
understanding of modern British life.
This modern British life is lived in
crowded country. In this crowded
country jobs are scarce"
Jobs-not only the more desirable
ones but even laborers' jobs--are
looked upon as sort of property, in
herited by the son from the father. It
is a condition such as this that makes
possible the following:
No. sir, yer event got no office
boy, gov'ner-not unless yer tilses me
on-cause 'e's just been ruined
over!''-
And this expression of feeling:
"'Twould seem to me, the finest kind
o world thot ony mon could want
to get up outa bed in the mornin' and
know a job was with for YET"
But the words Full up!" 10 not
account for the entire British situa-
ton, as the recent miners strike Illus
trated, unless one adds their compile
ment Fed up!" Housing shortage,
poor living and working conditions.
profiteering, increased cost of living,
but, most of all. the war with its strain
and its unfulfilled promise Of better
world-aIl contribute to this "tiredness
and temper" Of labor. Britain. then, is
Full up!" and It's workmen are Fed
upl"
The viewpoint Of the British en-
ployer is interesting because Of its
contrast with that of the American
employer. Mr.. williams quotes "the
leader of one OF the most conservative
organized groups OF employers in the
country" as saying: I'VE want moro
powerAnot iess--for the union heads.
Then we can work out together the