The Washington times., 1921-09-04

the oil pan OF your engine. You see
q volume of black oil which. II per-
nitted to settle, will deposit,a good
amount Of sediment. This sediment
jmay be present in noticeable guam
tity without filterine or settling the
oil. This sediment may have some
carbon particles In II. but the greater
| part OF IL IL made up OF road dirt
taken into the carburetor.l II does
not set IN through the breather. be.
cause there is always pressure out.
ward through the breather when the
engine Is running.
In going through the csrbureter.
the gritty articles wear the parts
as much as emery dust would. They
60 further on past the valves of the
engine and into the combustion
chamber. Some OF the solid matter
passes out with the exhaust. but
much Of II remains. sticks 10 the
cylinder walls where II acts az an
abrasive. and finally It works its
way downward into the crankcase,
where II mixes with the oil. Some
OF the particles are fairly heavy and
drop to the bottom OF the oil pan,
but constant agitation causes the
greater part to remain In Suspension
In the lubricant. 1t then is carried
In the oil stream TO the strainsr.
This usually 10 coarse enough to
permit z sood quantity Of the solid
matter to set past and 90 flow with
ings are scratched by this gritty
matter and very often the crank
shaft itself ID cut.
There Is q tremendous economic
waste brought about by this condi-
ton and its correction Ii but q mat.
ter OF study of air cleaners. In some
tests conducted on our Southern bor-l
der. the carbureter air intake was
attached to q long, vertical pipe so
that the pipe extended upward. into
the air about fifteen feet above the
hood OF the car. A car so fitted
was run over q given piece OF road.
together with q Similar car with .ordi-
nary equipment. and q nieaeurablel
amount OF solid matter collected from
the unequApped car and no appreci-
able amount from the engine with
the extended air intake. One car
manufacturer, recognizing the need
for taking In clean air, extends the
air intake to q point under the cowi.
believing that the afr at that point is
cleaner than 1t is under the hood.
This may be somewhat better than
the ordinary type OF air intake. but
II does not correct the condition be-
cause of the fact that the air under
the cowl Is not very much cleaner
than that under the hood. You
know that II you drive your car for
any distance over country road.
your shoes which were clean when
you started have accumulated q neat
covering OF dust. Your face is dirty
and your coat can be brushed many
times before cloud Of dust ceases
10 come out OF Il. When you ride
behind another car which Is kicking
up volume OF dust, the carbureter
is forced to breathe In dustladen
air to a far greater degree than II
would ordinarily.
In order to show the amount OF
dirt that is in the air under the
hood, even on an ordinary fiat. ma
cadam road, you have but TO stretch
o wet cloth across the hood behind
the radiator, or perhaps just in front
of the carbureter, air intake. In a
short time. the cloth VIII have ac-
cumulated good layer Of dirt.
When you pour a certain amount
OF oil into the crankcase you know
the oil is fairly clean, but after
very short time IL Is no longer So
1t accumulates a vast amount Of
dirt from one direction only and that
from the combustion chamber down
ward. II that oil could always be
kept free from gritty matter, cyiin.
ders would last longer. .pistons would
flt correctly for a longer period, rings
would not wear 90 fast. bearings and
crankshafts would not need attention
so often and the valve tappets would
not develop play 50 quickly.
According to L. l.. Qollinger, an
engineer, who has studied this prob
lem, carbon formation can almost be
eliminated by an efficient air cleaner.
He says:
Considerable attention has been
given by both makers and operators to
minimizing carbon deposits In motors.
Recent analysis Of &uch carbon de-
posits shows that as high as 75 per
cent of such formations Is silica or
sand and grit. Hence, II is seen that
by removing the road dust, sand and
grit carbon may be prevented TO the
extent OF rs per cent. Sand and grit
also cause Increased carbon deposits
and especially leaky valves. Particles
OF dust, sand and grit or other solid
matter while passing through the
carbureter become coated with q vapor
of the fuel that is used and. entering
the cylinder, absorb heat so that the
vapor coating does not become suffi-
Gently heated to oxidize and 30 leaves
a carbon deposit. A portion OF these
particles so coated collect on the
valves ana valve seats. thereby pre-
venting the valves from closing tightly
and leakage occurs both on the COM
preston and power stroke. II 10 evi-
dent that were there no hard particles
collecting on the valves and valve
seats. the carbon resulting only from