davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror., 1921-07-14
Saltwater, Minnesota, Thursday, July IA, 1921.
THE DUNES NATIONAL PARK
Selected
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in a national park? And if they are
worthy of consideration as possible
national park, would it be practicable
to establish them as such a park for
the benefit and enjoyment of the pei
ple?"
He answers, the first two ques-
tions emphatically in the affirmative.
He says this region should be pre-
served to the people for all time and
that it is worthy of national park
honors. AS to the third question, he
thinks it one of legislative policy to
be determined by congress, inasmuch
as the dunes are not public lands, and
private lands have never been pur-
chased for national park purposes. He
thinks the park should contain from
5000 to $4,000 acres, extending IS
or 20 miles along the lake. He finds
that options secured by speculators
vary between $3.50 and $500 an acre,
with one tract of 1900 acres held at
$1,000 an acre.
"Manifestly," says Mr.. Mather,
"none of these lands are actually
worth $3.50 an acre at this time. A
figure less than $500 an acre probably
represents the acual value of the aver
age tract of land not under the in
fuence of urban values, due to prox-
unity to cities. Practically all of the
larger holdings must be purchased in
their entirety. l believe that 5000
to $4,000 acres of dune lands can
probably be secured for park pur-
poses for approximately $500 an acre.
The purchase price of a park of the
size suggested would therefore be be-
tween $1,8O0,000 and $2,600,00O."
The proposed Dune National park
is really wonderful place. In the
first place, the dunes are an unin-
habited wilderness within few miles
of the center of population-in 1910
at Bloomington, Indiana-and at the
very doors of Chicago, the second city
of the nation and the fourth city of
the world, is in itself marvel. In
cidentally, the dunes are within a few
hours by rail and automobile of TO-
100000 people. This makes them
unique as public playground.
Again: The dunes are different
world from the monotonous hatness
of the Chicago plain. They are
country of hills and bluffs, gullies and
valleys. There are all sorts of inter-
esting variations: Little lakes,
streams, bogs, meadows. The bluffs
above the beach are imposing. The
beach itself is a wonder-broad,
smooth, clean, free from rocks and
stones and quicksands, sloping very
gradually into deep water. There is
probably no finer freshwater bathing
beach in the world.
Don't think of the dunes as heaps
of bare sand in desert. They are
exactly the reverse. They have water,
trees, shrubs, vines, flowers, grass,
birds and small wild animal life. The
truth is that the dunes are a great
natural propagating garden with
most astonishing array of trees and
plants and flowers. This garden is
packed full of flora from the Lake
The mirror., 1921-07-14
Vol. XXXIV: No. SO

Superior region, the Atlantic coast,
the middle South and the western
prairie. 1t seems to have almost
everything in the plant line from cac-
tus to cranberries and from pines to
tulip trees. A list of only the most
characteristic and important plant
species numbers 208.
To the ordinary visitor probably
the spectacle of the walking dunes"
is the most interesting. Here he sees
land in the making. Here today is
towering dune crowned with flowers
and plants and trees; tomorrow it is
gone and where it was is a great
blowout of glistening sand, with its
steep sides strewn with dead trunks
exhumed from an ancient graveyard
of a previous forest. Today there is
deep cash in the bluff; tomorrow
its place is taken by very lofty heap
of white sand that has come up, grain
by grain, out of the lake, on which
grasses and plants and shrubs an
treelets are already struggling for a
foothold. Today stands forest on
the edge of a shallow pound; tomor-
row it is cemetery, with even the
treetops covered by sand marching in
from the beach.
Lake Michigan has been taking
material from the west shore and de-
posting it at the dunes for a period
reckoned at about 5000 years. Pre-
vious to this period the level of the
lake was 50 or 80 feet higher than
now and the discharge was toward
the Mississippi at a point near where
now are the dunes. When the ice
gorge or glacier which prevented the
discharge of water into the St. Law
renee was removed and the lake
drained into the Atlantic instead of
the gulf, the level dropped, the
present lake currents set in and the
building of the dunes was begun.
Public land surveys made in 1885
and soundings of Lake Michigan fur
nish the data for these estimates:
During the last 5000 years the wa
tiers of the lake have washed away
about 500 square miles of land from
the shore extending from the Indiana
state line northward into Wisconsin.
Where this land was is now water
from 80 to 90 feet deep. The old
shore line extends out from three to
nine miles; then there is an abrupt
drop of several hundred feet.
This is an unparalleled erosion; it
is accounted for by the softness of the
shore, which is largely composed of
material that was ground very fine by
the glaciers that deposited it. 1t is
estimated that 100000 tons of soil
is taken yearly by the lake from the
shore north of Chicago. So there is
plenty of material for building opera
tions at the dunes.
These facts suggest this interesting
question: What will happen to the
dunes when the supply of building
material stops?
And stop it will, and that compar-
atively soon. For the shore north of
Chicago will in few years be pretty
solidly settled by people who have
money to spend to prevent further
erosion of the shore. In fact, erosion
has already been stopped over long
stretches. The supply of building
material for the dunes will then stop.
The mirror., 1921-07-14

government controls its navigation
part of the proposed area is Wis
consin state park, some of the land
will be donated and the land to be
purchased by the government has been
appraised at very moderate price.
Can congress condemn private
holdings for national park purposes !?
Nobody seems to know. Most
lawyers would say off-hand that the
state of Indiana can condemn the
dunes for state park purposes. And
presumably the state of Indiana could
transfer the land to the federal
government. The national park SER
vice has been looking into the ques-
ton of condemnation. 1t is advised
that the government can condemn
private holdings inside of national
park boundaries-in fact, a bill is
pending to condemn 100 acres in
General Grant National park which
the owner will not sell for a reason
able price. As to the condemnation
of patented land outside of a national
park the national park service is yet
undecided. Condemnation of the
dunes has been advocated by private
individuals and by the press.
The creation of Lafayette National
park has established this precedent:
The federal government will accept
suitable land presented to it for ma
tional park purposes. So, while other
questions are being thrashed out,
the Indiana, Illinois and Michigan
federations of the General Federation
of Women's Clubs are engaged in a
campaign to raise sufficient money by
subscription to purchase the dunes
and present them to the government
for national park.
There is no question that the. In
diana dunes are worthy of national
park honors. October 30, 1916,
public hearing was held in Chicago
by the interior department in pur-
suance of senate resolution. In
September, 1917, a printed report by
Director Stephen T. Mather of the
national park service was issued. This
report eliminated from consideration
all of the dune country except strip
along the shore of Lake Michigan
about mile deep between Miller's in
Lake county and Michigan City.
After describing the dunes with con-
siderable enthusiasm, Mather says:
Assuming, without further de-
scription Of actual conditions in this
dune country, that the sand dunes of
Indiana are equal to those in any
other section of the country; that
they are the most accessible dunes;
that they possess extremely interesting
fora annd fauna; that they offer un-
paralleled opportunities to observe
the action of the wind and it's in
fuence on the sand and plant life;
that the Lake Michigan beach is
beautiful and offers bathing facilities
for a multitude; that the recreational
uses of the region are myriad, should
they, or large section of them, be
preserved for present and future gen
erations? If they should be pre-
served, are they worthy of inclusion
The mirror., 1921-07-14
XX1ANTED: The Dunes Ma
w tional park, in the sand dunes

wv tional park, in the sand dunes
of Indiana on the shore of
Lake Michigan between Gary and
Michigan City!
The middle West has visited the
Fairgrounds of the people in the
scenic West-the national parks of
the Rockies, Sierras and Cascades. 1t
has found them good. 1t has fallen
in love with the national park idea.
Now it is asking: "Why not a ma
tional park right here, instead of half
way across the continent?' For
there is not a scenic national park
worthy of the name between Rocky
Mountain in Colorado and Lafayette
on the coast of Maine.
So Indiana, Illinois and Michigan
want national park and they have
picked out the dunes as the right place
for it.
How they are going to bring about
its establishment is a big question.
The proposed park area is all under
private ownership and is held at spec
ulative prices on the chance of
second Gary being built at the head
of Lake Michigan. Even at actual
values it would cost about $2,500,000
to buy the $4,000 acres most desir-
able for park purposes. The scenic
parks of the West were taken from
the national forests and the public
domain by congress. To date there
is no precedent for the appropriation
by congress of funds to purchase
national park area. Lafayette was
presented to the government for ma
tional park purposes by the owners of
the property.
Congress has no national park
policy. 1t dillydallies with national
parks as it does with most other
things. 1t is now generous with ap-
preparations and again niggardly for
instance, it gave Yellowstone 1884,
600 and Yosemite $225,000 in 1919
and kept Rocky Mountain, with twice
as many visitors as both parks, down
to $4,000. Politics enters largely
into all national park legislation. In
the Sixty-fourth congress the interior
department supported the bill to en-
large Yellowstone and the bill to add
to Sequoia and change its name to
Roosevelt. The agricultural depart
ment, because the proposed additions
would be taken from national forests,
and therefore from its control, op-
posed both bills, beating the former
in the senate and the latter in the
house. So there is no telling what
congress will or will not do in the
matter of national park legislation.
Can congress be induced to appro-
pirate money for the purchase of pri-
vate holdings for national park pur-
poses?
This question has been put square
ly up to congress by two bills intro
duced at the last session. One calls
for the appropriation of million dol
lars or so for the purchase of Nam
moth cave, Kentucky, and'its environs
for a national park. The other pro-
vides for the establishment of the
Mississippi Valley National park on
both sides of the Mississippi in south
western Wisconsin and northeastern
Iowa. Here the two states own the
land under the river, the federal
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
MAYNARD GIRLS
BOTH SAY THEY
HAVEREFORMED
Training School Runaways
Claim Release on Ancient
Law and Puzzle Judge.

Who can tell when a once wayward
girl has been reformed?
The head of a reform institution
the courts or the girl herself?
Justice Hoehling. in the DfAtrict Su
preme court, this morning was asked
to decide these questions when argu
ments were presented to him in the
habeas corpus hearings of Grace Eller
twenty years old, and Ruth Clarkson
nineteen years old. who with seven
other inmates. escaped from the Ma
tionsI Training School for Girls on
the Conduit road on August 81.
Attorney Leo Rover. who repre-
sented the two girls. rold the court
that the statute of 1875 provided that
girls may be confined to an instit,i.
tion until they are twenty one years
old. o. until their reform.
Rover declared that the girls he
represented had reformed, 10 any such
reformation had ever been needed, and
should be released from the trainins
school. II was at this point of his
argument that Rover asked the court
WHO is to say when the girl Is re.
formed?"
"A girl is Of age in the District OF
Columbia" the lawyer said, when
she is eighteen years old. The code
Of March 3, 1901, states a girl has a
right to control herself and liberty
when she reached the age Of eighteen,
or when she marries.
Both OF the defendants are over
eighteen years DID," Rover continued,
''and are entitled to their liberty"
Rover said that the Eller girl had
been committed to the institution on
orders Of q South Carolina court for
alleged violation Of the selective serv.
ice act. but that he was not aware
which section Of the act she had vio.
lated.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
SALESMAN SHOT
BY GUARDSMhN
At CAMP IN Va.
J. Porter Stokes Failed to Obey
SentineI's Order to Halt
and Is Dying.

PETERSBURG. Va. Sept. IL
Porter Stokes. aged thirty.three, for
the last three years travelling sales.
man for w; H. Harrison and Co.,
hardware dealers Of Petersburg. was
shot and probably fatally wounded
last night by a civilian guard at Camp
Lee while passing through the camp
In an automobile.
Al the time OF the shooting Stokes
who was alone was returning from
Surry county whore he had been on
business for the firm by whom he ID
employed and had stopped his auto.
mobile on the reservation. He had
alighted and was In the act Of getting
into his car when he was ordered by
the guard to halt.
The car 1t is stated made a sudden
jerk and the guard thinking that
Stokes was attempting to get away
fired the bullet striking him back OF
the head and coming out at the fore.
head. He was rushed to Petersburg
Hospital for treatment.
His condition is today extremely
critical and little or no hope 10 enter.
tanned for his recovery.
Stokes is a native OF Madison county.
Ga, and married. During the world
war he was lieutenant with A. y. v,
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
GRAND JURY WILL PROBE
SLAYING OF THEATER MAN

JoCKSoNVILLE Fla. Sept. T.
For the purpose of probing the mur,
der and attempted robbery of George
Hickman. manager of the Palace thea.
ter In this city Saturday night a
special grand jury was enspa neled for
today and efforts will be made to un'
earth the whereabouts of the con
fsreratss of Frank Rollins of New
York, who committed the act.
Rollins attempted suicide yesterday y
by drowning himself in the wash
basin, but was discovered by the iailer.
Authorities believe he is playing in.
sane in order to save himself from the
gallows.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
IRISH WILL
REPLY
BY TONIGHT
Cabinet Rejects Proposal to Set
Time Limit for Acceptance
in Uitimatum.
BY WILLIAM COLLEY.

INVERNESS, Sept. THE Brit
ish Cabinets reply TO Ramon de
Valers's latest note was dispatched
to Dublin late this afternoon.
The drafting Of the British answer
10 t1as Sinn Fein nate 81 Lao Thurs
day was completed ~ the afternoon
session of the Cabinet. 70
King George. who Is af Moy Hall.
not far from Inverness. was notified
Of the Cabinets decision.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
STANDARD OIL COMPANY
STILL STRUGGLING ALONG

NEW YORK, Sept. 1.-THE Stand
ard OIL Company still manages to exc
out a living, according TO It's reports
OF quarterly dividends issued today.
The twenty-nine Standard OIL sub.
salaries earned cash dividends for the
third quarter Of 1872 OF s27 ,33s,sl7,
compared with s29,5o4,000 during the
third quarter last year, decline of
some s2,000,00 81.
Standard OIL Company OF New Jer.
sey. the parent company. which hand
les all the foreign trade OF the or.
ganization, paid a total OF s75,07s.2ss
In cash dividends during The first
three quarters Of this year.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
WAR FINANCE BOARD TO
SURVEY FARM CONDITIONS

Eugene Meyer, jr., managing di.
rector, OF the War Finance Corpora.
ton. today decided to make an i'm.
mediate personal survey Of agri.
cultural conditions In the middle
West. West and South. as q basis
for extending liberal sfarm credits
under the new powers given the
corporation by Congress.
Meyer will leave in q few days for
Chicago. Conferences there with
leading financiers win be followed by
an extensive tour that will touch
important agricultural centers.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
BY WILLIAM CoLLEY,

INVERNESS, Scotland, Sept. T.
I'VE have made great progress,
said Premier Lloyd George at the
conclusion of the first session Of the
cabinet meeting today to discuss the
Irish peace situation and draft q
reply to Eamonn de Valera's latest
note.
1--WE hope to make q definite
reply" said the premier. The sit
ting will be resumed during the
afternoon"
Two-Heur Session.
The initial session lasted from IL
O'Clock until 1S minutes after !. when
q recess was taken for luncheon.
Premier Lloyd George had conferred
With King George at Moy hall early
In the morning. The premier and the
King had breakfast together and later
strolld upon the terrace of the famous
old castle. The premier smoked q
cigar and emphasized some Of the
points Of his talk by q slikht wave Of
his hand as the conversation con.
tinued. After leaving the King. Pre-
mier Lloyd George motored to Inyer-
ness, where he was given q vociferous
welcome. As he climbed from his auto
mobile In front Of town hall the towns.
folk and the tourists set up o wild
cheer.
The only absent members Of the
cabinet were Marquis Curzon, Lord
Lee, OF Fareham, and the Hon. II. A.
l.. Fisher.
Time Limit Opposed.
The opening OF the session, was
VeaA
spoke first giving q general outline
of the latest Developments. he
touched on the need Of pursuing the
negotiations while hope remains and
urged the desirability of a peace
conference IL basis could be reach
ed upon the principle Of dominion
status for Ireland. Each OF the min.
listers then spoke in turn, giving his
views. The proposal was made that
q time limit be given to the Sim
Fein to accept the six points OF the
original English peace offer, but Il
met with opposition.
The Internal tional News Service
learns authoritatively that the guild.
ing sentiment Of the Cabinet members
was as follows:
1. Arrange an immediate English.
Sim Fein conference at which ques-
tions affecting the peace solution,
shall he put and discussed plainly and
bluntly.
2. The English governments offer
to remain the final work In principle.
3. Demand Of the Slim Fein whether
II Is standing pat upon its contention
for a republic. ~
4. lnterrogate the Sim Fein of.
ficials whether they are willing or un.
willing to agree to listers retention
of her present right under the govern
ment OF Ireland act.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
WHIPPED BY MASKED MEN
FOR STEALING AUTOMOBILE

TULSA, Okla. Sept. 7.--E. Scott
who figured In a whipping by masked
men AT Collinsville, pleaded guilty TO
stealing an automobile before q Jus.
tice at that place and was brought
here for action by the district court
Scott and his companion, Roy Hol,
lingsworth, were taken from the jail
at Coilinsville, and the former was
severely beaten. After he had con.
fessed to stealing the automobile he
was returned to Jail, while Hollings.
worth was released on his promise tc
leave town.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07

Fair tonight and Thurs
day, slightly cooler to
night: gentle northeriy
winds. Temperature at 3
o'clock this morning. ~
degrees.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
BY DANIEL OCONNELL.
International News Service.

DUBLIN, Sept THE sinn Fein
win enter a peace conference with
the English government regardless
Of whether the British recognize the
Irish republic, II was announced this
afternoon by responsible Republican
leaders.
Irish leaders were apparently anx.
cede any further direct negotiations
between the Sim Fein and the Eng.
lish government.
The Washington times., 1921-09-07
Today

population as the United States.
a Napoleon could do i, but Napo-
Icons come rarely.
Russia is like the great whales.
They have many diseases, are often
sick, but you would not lightly
undertake to play leader to q
whale. \
The New York herald., 1921-09-16
INVESTOR TO ALTER
HARLEM DWELLING
House Market Sh o.Os Improve.
naent in Manhattan.

William Goldstone and Simon Myers
sold to client of Alexander Hens
chel S5S Lenox avenue. four story and
basement dwelling. I6.sx75. which will
be altered for business. This in one OF
a row OF six houses at the southwest
corner Lenox avenue and 12Sth street
recently purchased by the sellers from
the Brush Estate. Negotiations are
pending for sale of two others.
Pease & Elliman sold for ]. N. Phelps
Stokes, a four story dwelling, 16x100.
at lis East 10th street. between Park
and Lexington avenues, held at $45.0 900.
The buyer will occupy.
Earle & Calhoun sold for William C..
Strange to a client, the three and one
half story dwelling at 267 West Goth
street, for occupancy. The property
was held at $4,000.
George Weaver sold through Summers
& Co., to Mary e. Reilly. 43 West
Nincty-fifth street, three story sew
enteen foot dwelling for $4,000.
Coughlan &. Co. sold for NJ. ]. Weed
the four story dwelling at ia West
Seventy sixth street. held at $4,000.
Samuel Krulewitch sold three story
dwelling. 20x100. at 1I6 West 120th street
to DIR. Nathan Settel.
The New York herald., 1921-09-16
BUILDING RECORD IN BRONX.
Forty-two Dwelling Plans Filed
Yesterday, other Reports.

Plans for forty-two new dwellings,
estimated to cost a total of $357 900
were filed with the building depart
ment OF The Bronx, representing a
record in the matter of one days new
housing in the northcrly borough. which
has been the scene of one of the heavi-
est home building campaigns In the
history Of the greater city. The pro-
posed dwellings, are scattered over the
entire borough. several of them cost
ing $4,000 each.
Adellna Eckhoff sold TO Louis j..
Levine a five story apartment. 4ox1ls.3x
Irregular. at 1881 Southern Boulevard.
John j. Lynch sold to Francis Far
reilly the property. i6.2x43. at 503 Weiher
court.
Hersch Friedlander sold TO Abraham
G. Frank three story dwelling 19xsl.4x
irregular. at 1899 Prospect avenue.
Gussie Zwen sold to Daniel Long
worth house. 16.3x102x irregular, at
1916 Cedar avenue.
Benjamin Rutchik sold 70 Herman
Lepow a five story apartment. 4ox100. at
iii5 Charlotte street.
The Rich Trading Company sold TO
Joseph Cohen five story apartment
iooxI3.S. at 1864 Faile street.
The New York herald., 1921-09-16

TINE new Straus Building, Fifth Az
II at 46th Street, is the ideal lOcatio
business and professional organization
string distinctive location in buildi
assured prestige.