New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1921-07-24

worn By the president OF the Supreme Tri-
bunal de Justica."
Speaking of robes, THAI worn by the first
Judge of the japanese Supreps Court IS
work of art and as heavy with embroidery as
the vestments Of the padres Of the little San
German church in Porto Rico. The color IS
black and the texture fine Around the neck
is a collar, woven into the gown itself and no' \
worn separately, as is the collar Of the Chlef /,
Justice OF England. The color of the enloroid-
cry of this collar is royal purple, and is called
the "crest Of the seven flowers Of poah0wnla.
The cap, so,.ething after the order of the very
smart sport hats worn by the American women,
is also black, with design Of clustered
clouds around the top and sides.
The japanese Supreme Court-the Daishon-
In-consists OF seven ,'-1ges, the chief judge
being appointed for life. until removed to a
higher position. Last June the late chief
nudge, Baron kunomi Yokota, given an
other berth nearer the Emperor" and DR..
Shotaro Tomya was put in his place. DR..
Tonga is a graduate of the Imperial Uni
vXsity of Toxic and is one of the best liked
iuTists in the empire. The japanese code of
procedure is patterned after the best in the
American. English and French codes.
The collar worn by the Chief Justice of Eng
land has an historic value 1t is the celebrated
IS S" collar given to the House of Lancaster
at the time of the war between the houses of
York and Lancaster. 1t is a famous collar
and has never been out of use. The Chief Jus
tce Of England is the only judicial function
airy privileged to wear it. 1t was provided by
Sir A. Cockburn in 1859 and entailed by him
on all holders of the office. But, then, the
t.. IL,
Lord Chancellor, the highest judicial digni-
tary in the kingdom. Like the Chief Justice
of the United States, he holds office for life
during good behavior and can only be removed
by the crown (by whom he is appointed) after
joint address to the Houses of Parliament
His title is traced back to the Norman kings,
of whom the Justiciarius the chief minis
ter or chief judge. Just as the sheriff repre-
scented the king in the shire so the Justiciar
represented him in the entire kingdom. Ranulf
Flambard, minister to William H. was the first
to exercise the powers of justiciar. Hubert de
Burgh, during the reign of King John,
the last of the great justiciars, losing his
power in 1881. In 1873, under the judicature
act, the titles of Lord Chief Justice of Com
mon Pleas assa lord Chief Raron--both relics
of the time Of Edward I-were abolished and
all common law divisions of the High Court
of Justice were united into the Kings Bench,
the president of which is the Lord Chief Jus
tce of England. The new Lord Chief Justice
is Mr.. Justice A. T. Lawrence, appointed by
the crown in April last
Differing from the title and the power of
the Chief Justice of the United States, Mr..
Justice Lawrence is the Chief Justice of Eng
TopN--nOt of he british En,pra Scotland
has its own justices, as has Ireland. India
has hers, and so has every other of the many
divisions of the territory and the people col
lected under the name of the British Empire.
The United States is the only nation of con-
federated states that has such a court. Even
united Germany, up to the time of the late
Wilhelm II, had no unified judiciary. Prussia,
Bavaria, SaXony and other German kingdoms
were united into one Imperial German En-
pire. But there was never one imperial Ger
man court to construe the statutes of the i'm
pera Parliament. The Supreme Court of the
United States is also unique in its authority.
In every government the ultimate power
sides somewhere In England it is given to
the .-9,sr. OF ls1ii:@'nent, and the King is the
ultimate source of judicial authority. Hss
personal presence is assumed in all the Eng
fish courts of law and equity. Blackstone is
authority for the statement that "the sole ex-
ecutive power is vested in the person of the
king" The courts of justice are the mediums
by which and through which he administers
The law. AS his majesty cannot be present in
person, the judge takes his place. The king
actually sat on circuit as late as the reign of
Edward "
The judicial independence of the Justices
of the Supreme Court of the United States is
far ahead of that of the justices of the same
tribunal in England. Here, the justice are
sworn ministers of the Constitution and are
the high priests of justice; they acknowledge
superior and responsible solely to their
consciences; they owe their allegiance to the
Constitution and to their own exalted sense
of duty Instructed and upheld by highly
educated bar their judgments are the rpest
fruits of judicial wisdom Amenable to pub.
lie opinion they can be reached only by I'M
parchment by the Senate of the United States
No such tribunal was ever heard of before
Every civilized state has it's own high courts
of justice, but never had one the missbn to
sit in judgment upon the validity of the act.
of the Chief Magistrate and the Legislature
of that state.