Evening star., 1921-06-26
of Peace Who Work for Uncle Sam and His Big Family
MANY Agriculture Have Made Discoveries That
A Saved Millions Of Dollars Each YaThe Men Graduates Colleges and
Travellers Foreign Lands Their Search for Ideas Benefit Their People
Home Small Saares-One Man Who No Salary ALL

plication Of original methods. was
enabled to bring a number OF these
insects alive to Californa. where they
quickly became acclimated.
In addition 20 this notable achieve
nent. DR.. Swingle has created several
new citrus hybirds--for instance. the
tangelo. a cross between the tangerine
and the grapefruit. He also brought
out hybrid of the lime and the KUN :
quat. the result being harder fruit
and an excellent substitute for the
lime. 1t is not an easy matter to es-
innate in dollars and cents the value
of DR.. Swingle's work. but it Is safe to
say that ii has been worth many
thousand times more per annum tnan
the salary he receives, which Is less
than 5000 per year.
DR. Archibald ID. Shamel of the Of
flee Of horticultural pomological in
vestigations is one OF the hard work
ers in the department who has defved
into the fundamentals and brought
forth facts that have resulted in
bringing additional profits to the
growers. thus furthering agriculture
ShameTs work in the breeding of corn
and tobacco has gained for him re-
nown, his foremost achievement Is the
establishment of the theory of bud va
ration. more especially as it applies
to the orange and grapefruit regions
| Of the navel orange the growers gen
orally were of the opinion that buds
from any bearing tree could be used
successfully in grating new stock.
After a series of Investigations DR..
Shamel came to the conclusion that
only OF the sort CT stock he desired.
promiscious methods of selecting buds
thar had obtained before his theory
WAS made public had not. in the main.
been satisfactory. With the accept
snce of his theory came larger yields.
/ season. This theory applies not only
to oranges. but practically to all
forms of horticulture. DR.. Shamel un-
dertook his task at a salary of less
| than $5.eoo per year. :.
DR.. a. d. Hopkins. forest entomolo-
| bioclimatic law by which the fly free
dates for sowing wheat were worked
out. DIR. Hopkins is one OF the str&-
ing examples Of small group Of men
| who have achieved prominence without
the benefit Of special training. He was
| and had only the advantages Of COM
mon school education. He was. however.
a born naturalist and after leaving
school went to farming and it was at
| this time he became intensely interested
in insects; especially forest insects. In
1907 Tic NCSi SAPSs Gu
ton was formed. DR.. Hopkins was ap-
pointed entomologist. In 1896 he was
, elected professor Of entomology in the
West Virginia University. Six years
! later Or. L. o. Howard brought him to
Washington and he was placed in charge
of the division Of forest insects.
DR.. Hopkins Is q man Of vision, a
| man with an Imagination as well as be-
| ing keen observer, and it was he who
! worked out the percentage principle OF
| control. For number of years bark
| beetles had caused havoc through a
great western forest of coniferous trees.
| The lumber men were distraught. DR..
Hopkins saved the day by demonstrat-
ing that it was not necessary to fell
! all the trees attacked. but only a per-
| centage. working on the theory that as
| the number Of beetles were reduced one
| half, the remainder would die out, be-
| ing killed by their parasites. or dying
| from other causes. From an economic
standpoint. the theory, has been most
successful
The important work on which DR..