davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fitzgerald leader enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ben Hill County, Ga.) 1921-1964, 1921-10-26

Miss Dena Feinberg has returned
home from Albany where she visited
her grand parents for several days
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19

Organissd carpenters 81 New York
city are asking tor = le-hour wssk.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
WAR DID NOT DESTROY
SOLIDARITY OF LABOR

The world war has not perma-
nently divided workers in the oppos-
ing nations, according to this story,
printed in the Cotton Factory Times,
of Manchester, England:
Beneath the surface eontrover-
sizes that seem to rend asunder the
whole international labor movement
there exists g. reality Of solidarity, an
example of which has just been fur
nished by the shipwrights' strike in
this country. The shipwrights, it will
be remembered. struck against the at
tempt Of the employers federation to
reduce wages ~ shillings week and
the strike still continues. The en-
ployers turned to German yards to do
the work for them at rates which the
low exchange would make cheap. But
at this point the German Ship Joiners'
union came in. Acting through the
International Wood Workers union
they placed an embargo on any black
leg work from Britain. The ship
Themistocles Of the Aberdeen line was
sent to Hamburg for repairs, but the
German union prohibited the work.
This practical solidarity is going to
matter more for the future Of Anglo
German relations than any amount Of
Diplomatic conferences"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19

comparable navy. Whatever stands in
the way Is to be brushed aside. The
Army and Navy Journal frankly points
out the ideas Of this group: Throw
overheard the notion Of - navy for
defense, pure and simple,'' and ren'em'
Der that an adequate navy is only "that
navy which can cope with any situation
successfully and be ready to win de-
cisively a battle 1000 miles from a
Pacific coast base.'' 1t is useless to
argue with such group the uses OF a
battleship. The sole question is, have
they the votesq If so, we shall have
more battleships, unless the grooming
taxpayer speaks in far louder tones
than have yet been heard.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
TAX ON LAND VALUES
WOULD STOP DODGERS

The American economic league
makes a point against the New York
Times, which says:
"Millionaires know how to pay their
taxes in strict accordance with the
law, and in such manner that they
do not pay too much in punishment
for their wealth. according to law
full standards. BY putting their money
IN exempt securities provided for the
purpose they keep their income in
tact, but also divert their wealth
from more remunerative Investments"
To this expose Of tax-dodging mil
lionaires, the economic league replies:
I'm other words. the income tax
law bears lightly on millionaires, al
though supposed to bear heavily on
them. There is nothing surprising
about this. All efforts to levy taxes
according to ability to pay must turn
out that way.
more nlillionaires would be
reached by abandoning the income
tax and similar taxes and levyin5 all
taxes on land values. That would
| reach the unearned income at. its
source. The millionaire might invest
in stocks, bonds or other securities.
but these have no value except what
| is given them by the property they
represent. In most cases this property
| is land. and by taxing the value OF
| this land the securities based upon
| it will be taxed. Such a tax cannot be
| evaded or shifted That this is known
! to millionaire tax dodgers is clear
| enough from the opposition Of the pa
pers they control to single tax mea-
! sures wherever proposed.
when it comes to a choice be-
| tween the income tax and land value
| the recipient of unearned incomes
| who wants his privilege to continue is
| sure to prefer the former. He knows
which one he can evade'
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
DIRECT ACTION FAVORED.

Up to a few weeks ago big business
insisted that the labor provisions of
the Cummins-Esch law was the last
word in craftsmanship. Justice to the
railroad employees was the glad refrain,
and the public joined in shouts of joy
for Tour leading citizens" spoke.
Now big business has been blocked
in an attempt to smash these labor
provisions, which have been in opera
ton less than a year.
When big business found the law in
terfered with arbitrary wage reductions
railroad managers werc ordered to
scrap it by rushing the railway labor
board off its feet.
"We are on the verge Of bankrupt
cy.' they shrieked.
But the favorite Notwithstanding the
people-has failed.
The proposal is so crude, 50 lacking
in the methods Of an artistic Captain
Kidd, that no one, outside of office
boys for big business, has been found
who is courageous enough to defend it.
The law provides regular and orderly
methods to change wages or working
conditions, but big business favored d.
rect action--they demanded that the
law be set aside and they be given a
free hand.
And these direct actionists are re-
sponsible for the law that they would
now ignore because It does not suit
their purpose.
No propaganda ever equalled that
conducted by the railroads and allied
interests for the Cummins- Esch law, for
"can 't-strike' laws and for higher
freight and passenge. rates.
They succeeded in two instances, but
labor defeated their plan to make
strikes criminal. The present railway
labor board-two representatives. Of en-
ploycs, railroads and the public-was
agreed to.
The sincerity Of the railroads is now
shown in their attempt to defeat the
purpose and the spirit Of the law.
I No group of employers ever made
such a sudden about-face, or so quickly
ignored a public opinion they created.
Neither did the defender Of such a
group so quickly muffle brass hroated
notes that were pitched in defense Of
'scan 't.strike' legislation and higher
rates.
! If it were necessary to prove the
need for solidarity among American
workers, reaction again presents the
evidence.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
BATTLE OF BIG SHIPS.

"What is the use of a battleship?
She must be Of some use, or the United
States and Japan Would not be building
battleships.' This question of Sir
Percy Scott, one Of England's leading
authorities, has just been fatty an
swered by Brig. Gen. William Mitchell,
assistant chief Of the cir service Of
the United States army. He declares
that despite naval prejudice to the con-
trary, the arnored ship is now "iust
as helpless as the armored knight was
! when the frearm was brought against
him.
General Mitchell may IT. no naval
expert, as the navy men retort, but he
does know something about flying. The
development of the torpedo and the
aeroplane, especially with the new pos
sibilities Of radio control, he's made
open minded experts wonder what is to
become of the surface ship.
AS result of spirited discussion
during recent months, the British have
suspended all building Of capital ships
until the admiralty can report On the
whole question. Our own ravy, how
ever, goes blissfuIly forward building
II battleships and cruisers, &C. cost we'll
| up toward three-quarters Of a billion
dollars. No living soul knows whether
they will really be of any use when
they are done, but our admirals insist
that we press on with the program.
To meet this situation Senator Borah
last week got unanimous consent to
resolution asking the senate commit
tee on naval aiairs to repol. whether
it be wise to suspend the building pro-
gram for six months IN order to decide
"what constitutes a modern fighting
navy Congressman Murphy Of Ohio
has introduced a similar resolution in
the house. This proposal is met with.
loud charges that it is British propa'
ganda to halt our naval advance. As
a matter of fact, it is plain business
| common sense, and only the big-navy
men, the armament makers, and the ul-
tra-conservative naval board have fea-
sons to oppose it. Their combined op~
position, however, is formidable.
Indirectly, the controversy connects
itself with the disarmament fight, which
RACES under cover. Senator Borah s
! resolution for q naval holiday j. being
fought with the expected tactics Of
delay and underground opposition. If
the measure could be brought to =
| vote, it would pass without question.
Faced by the possibility Of indefinite
delay, the idaho senator makes flank
attack, designed to secure action Of
some kind. -
The real 6tuation in Washington IL
becoming Increasingly clear. A power
I'll combination Of business aud naval
interests il determined 70 ersats an in
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
Church Men Defend Their Position
In Attack on Open Shop Movement

The national association Of manu-
facturers will not favor collective bar
gaining even if confined to the indi-
vidual shop.
The national Catholic welfare coun-
Gil, department Of social SERVICE
makes the above declaration in a
statement defending it's opposition to
the anti-union shop.
It is stated that practically every
clergyman of that denomination in
the United States has received a cri-
ticism of this opposition which is SINH
lar to the position taken by the fed
eral council Of churches (Protestant).
The defense of the anti-union shop
now being circulated, is an attempt
to discredit the opposition of the two
religious bodies to the system of in
dividual bargaining.
In it's reply the national Catholic
welfare council refers to the national
grange (Which favors the anti-union
shop) as that small body Of rural
aristocrats," and the council denies
that the United States chamber CT
commerce represents the sense of a
comm unity.
Notwithstanding it's sprinkling of
professional men," it is stated, "the
average chamber Of commerce repre-
sents the viewpoint of the employing
class exclusively, whenever it makes a
pronouncement concerning the rcla-
tons between capital and labor
t'In general, few, If any Of the or
ganizatio that have declared in ia
vor of the open shop avow their at
titude toward collective bargaining.
This is the vital issue. Unles the men,
bers of a union are permitted to deal
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
THE OPEN SHOP

AIR. A. A. Graham, a lawyer friend
OF ours down in Topeka, sends the
readers of The Labor World the fol-
lowing on the "open' shop:
Why maintain a state board of law
examiners to determine that applicants
are learned in the law before permit
ting them to become the guardians of
the rights and liberties Of the peoplee
Why not allow any jackleg to prac-
tice law?
Why maintain state board Of med
ical examiners to, see that applicants
that practice medicine have that degree
Of knowledge and skill such as will
make the lives and limbs Of the people
safe in their hands?
Why not allow any quack to pour
poison down our threats and anybody
capable of using knife and saw to cut
off our limbs!
Why maintain a state pharmaceutical
board to see that druggists know the
difference between salts and strych-
nine?
Why not simply take the chance?
Why maintain a state dental boards
Why not allow anybody to work on
your mouth in the same manner you use
your mouth on everybody else'
Why have machinists build and re-
pair machinerys
Why not let the politicians run the
machines?
Why restrict work on our water and
gas mains, service and house pipes to
licensed plumberse
Why not allo wanybody to make our
pipes leaky and blow % up9
Why restrict electric wiring to those
competent
Why not allow anybody to make our
wires and burn down our towns
Why have q carpenter put on roofs
Anybody can put on . roof that
won't turn water.
Why have mason or bricklayer
build Z WALT
Anybody can build wall that will
fall down. ~. s..-.
Why etclose'' the shop even at
niehti +.7a ....-
Why not keep efopen shop. all the
I. Gss;l3s
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
newspapers IGNORE.
ALABAMA TERRORISM

mo newspaper published in the
coal mining district of Alabama can
print the real conditions surrounding
the coal miners STRIKE" says the
Labor Advocate, published in this
city.
THE daily press. with all Of its
news gathering facilities, and having
knowledge of the real situation, does
not tell the public an iota of truth.
when anything that the striking
miners do-that is, anything that can
be construed as a protest against the
coWardly, intimidating tactics Of men
sworn to uphold the law and prevent
crime and disorder, it is spread across
the front page in scare head; but if
these same law officers, men in the
nations uniform, shoot up home,
the daily press says nothing about it.
Miners have been killed and their
bodies left for days In the secret spot
where the assassin's deed was done,
and the law does not find the muir
derer, but if a union miner asks a
nOn-union miner to come out and help
win the strike for freedom, he is ar
rested, taken to Jail and kept there
for as long time as the powers that
be decide; no matter that he is a citi-
zen, with all the rights guaranteed
under the constitution of the United
States and the state-these rights
amount to nothing in the eyes of the
| military or the states law enforce
ment' organization.
Men have been 4uddled in a cold
room and left there, unfed, and de-
| MED the common decencies that even
a murderer is allowed. and the
! newspapers have not noticed such a
! trivial thing"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19

with the employer as a body, their
union membership is futile.
IAN open shop which allows the
employees to belong to union, but
does not permit the union to deal with
the employer as a union is worthless.
Not only has no open shop organiza-
ton declared that the open shop
employer would deal with the union,
but every such organization that has
confessed it's attitude on this subject
has admitted that this practice would
no. be tolerated.
Several representatives OF en-
ployer groups have protested to the
social action department against its
statement that the open shop is in
tended to destroy the unions. Upon
mitted that the open shop which they
were advocating, would not permit
dealing with the unions. The spokes
man for the n:--;Onal association OF
manufacturers was informed that if
that body would make a public state
ment to the effect that the open
shop is consistent with proportional!
representation by the union employees
ma system of collective. bargaining,
even confined to the individual shop,
the social action department would
withdraw it's statement against the
open shop
This gentleman declared that the
national association Of manufacturers
would make no such statement. and
admitted that this organization really
f:sired to cripple the unions. Up to
the present, no authorized representa-
tive of an open shop has denied that
collective bargaining with the union is
inconsistent with the open shop
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
BUILDING TRADES Man
Defines LIVING WAGE

"A living wage" said Arthur Hud
die. of the Boston Building Trades
Council, SHOULD be sufficient to per-
nit man to support himself and
family in comfort. educate his chill
dren as they should be educated and
put something away for a rainy day."
The unionist made this statement
before a committee of the chamber
Of commerce that is investigating the
housing situation.
Huddle declared that even If the
wage Of organized labor were reduced
the mass Of unorganized workers
would receive no benefit as their
wages would be cut in proportion. He
said organized labor raised the stand
ard of wages for all and it did not
intend to go backward.
Were not going back one step to
meet the unorsanized-not one step"
he said.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19

for race or flag Or country. Its avarice
is limitless and it will sbe satisfied
with nothing short Of world control.
1t believes that labor-organized,
militant and intensely democratic--is
its most dangerous antagonist.
Hence an International war is being
waged on the workers and the tactics
used are substantially identical in
every land
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
FREEDOM or WORKERS.

FREEDOM or WORKERS.
A man can't fall half way down q
ladder.
Neither can. man believe that labor
is commodity and reject the conse-
quences Of that belief-the injunction
Judge.
One theory cannot be right and ths
other wrong.
Until recently the injunction process
was confined to its original purpose
protection Of property and property
rights. It was not used where per-
sonal relations were involved.
To bring labor within the scope Of
the injunction process the slave con-
cept has been revived that employers
have a property right in the labor of
their employees. The theory also in
cludes the employers right in the pub
lies patronage that striking employees
may take from him.
On this foundation the injunction
judge rests his cause.
He who says labor is commodity
that it can be bought without buying
the man-ignores the law Of cause and
effect when he condemns the injunc-
ton judge. That man would be as
tonished when lighted match explodes
gunpowder.
But the commodity theory goes be-
yond the labor injunction-it: reaches
into the roots Of our social structure.
This theory operates when labor is
referred to as "hands,' though labor
Of any description is impossible with
out knowledge, generally termed skill.
The "superior" person talks OF
"brawn' workers. TO him the pat
tern maker or cook, the machinist or
motorman, the iron molder or long
shoremen, the seaman or metal polisher,
the printer or teamster who drives a
four-horse hitch through crowded
street-these and their kind only pos.
sess muscle; they are but "hands, -
and a group Of them are referred to az
"a gang
The commodity theory operates
where the food, the education, the
clothing, the amusements of workers
are standardized by state edict, through
minimum wage boards. The employer
is never asked what it costs him to
live. His household expenses are not
probed by government agents. His as
pirations are not listed nor his needs
card-indexed.
Neither is the employer prohibited
from closing his plant when profits are
reduced. The public may be incon.
venienced, but he is within his rights.
If workers strike because their living
standards are reduced, ''can 't-strike''
laws Jail and fine them.
Another vivid example Of the COM
modify theory in operation is found in
the anti-union shop, where workers arc
denied the right of collective action.
This right is accorded other classes
Of citizens without question.
The commodity theory is supported
by capitalists and the injunction
judge; it is sanctioned by revolutionists
and so-called liberals. Some of these
are impelled by profit; the others want
90 "save' the workers.
None of them want workers to save
themselves. All of them preach tide
mocracy' and "liberty,'' but they d.
not practice it-when wage earners are
involved.
Trade unionism would uproot the
commodity theory, root and branch.
Freedom of the workers is the first
essential.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19
WHY NOT STUDY?

The Republican party has attacked
the League of Women Voters. What is
the matter with the G. o. P.e The aim
Of the league solely to educate women
on proposed legislation and the method
Of procedure. Does the party feel that
it is unprofessional and contrary to its
precedents for the private citizen to
know what he is doing when he votes7
Republicans charge that the league
keeps women out of partisan alliance.
AS matter of fact, that is contrary
to their policy. They urge women 70
ally themselves with one Of the estab.
ished parties. How else could they
ever hope to accomplish anythings They
must have lever if they would move
obstacles. Their platform is that the
women working within the several par
ties constitute "the league in action"
Their only negation is that they can
not assume to dictate which party their
members shall join, which seems fair
enough. They cannot work for the
Republican party or any one party, but
for measures and progress.
Does the attitude Of the Republican
party imply that it's leaders feel that
Intelligent study, coupled with the
spirit of progress, is necessarily inimical
to its organization1
In these times a political organization
has no business to oppose q study Of
issues by voters. The day Of blind po-
litieal following has gone.
i-5 - $1,000.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1921-02-19

Well take more stock in lower-cost-
Of living yarns when the 1andlady puts
more than three prunes in the break
fast offertory.
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1921-02-07
JURY OUT IN CASE OF
ALABAMA GUARDsMAN

Hamilton, Ala, Feb. s.--Reports Of an
wen division between acquittsl and con-
viction tonight Dervaded the courthouse
where the jury was celebrating on tes-
imony produced at the trial of Sergt-
Robert Lancaster, one OF the nine mem
0ers Of Company NJ, Az anna National
guard, charged with muI der in connec-
ton with the lynching Of Will BairL, a
,oal miner. at Jasper last month.
The jury retired last night about s
o'clock and no evidences OF an agree
ment were apparent twenty-four hours
ater.
The trial started last Monday and was
one of the hardest fought regal battles in
the history of Alabama legal procedure
Lancaster and the other indicted
suardsmen are members of Company NJ
# Tuscaloosa. who were stationed at
rownley, Walker county. on the date of
the lynching. Baird Eas in Jail at Jas
per, Walker county, held as a suspect in
connection with the killing Of Private
lanes oMrris Of Company NJ. who. il is
alleged. Had slain Adrian Northcutt
preacher-miner, and father-in-law Of
Baird. The mob overpowered Jailer
Sides. took Baird from prison and filled
his body with bullets.
Walker county has bsen the storm cen.
ter of the Alabama coal fields since th4
| General strike was called Sent Z last
Baird was the ninth man slain in that
county as a result of tie strike. direct,
and indirectly, state officials have stated
Norwich bulletin. [volume] (Norwich, Conn.) 1895-2011, 1921-02-07
FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL
sAruRpAY,s MARKET.

New York, Feb. 5.-Today's brief ses-
sion of the stock market was occasionally
d enlivened by the operations of bull pools
and results covering of short contracts.
extreme gains in various divisions of the
: list ranging from one to almost three
points.
The confidence shown by traders for
q. the long account was based less upon any
actual change in the general situation
than upon the belief that conditions IS
whole pointed to an attenuated bear po-
[ sition.
As usual, the greater part of the mod
crate dealings conversed around oils
steels equipments and rails, with afil-
lated specialties. Buying of rails was
interesting for the activity of Reading
common and st land End preferred, pre-
sumably in anticipation of forthcoming
announcement ofe the segregation plan.
Several of the Mexican issues
and bonds-awakene ed from their lethar-
, gy on buying orders which followed ever
night reports that the Mexican govern
ment has in. contemplation a comprehen-
.sve nlan for refunding it's external OBJ
legations. Sales amounted to $4,000
shares.
The weekly reviews Of mercantile
agencies reported "slow and cautious I'm
'.provement' in various lines of trade.
This was qualified, however. by the
statement that Industrial conditions con-
tinue to suffer from the blight Of unem-
ployment."