The Washington herald., 1921-10-29
By PHILIP KINsLEY.

By PHILIP KINsLEY. -.-
At night, with the moon shimmering
upon the waters and the towns strung
out like jewels on the hills. the Straits
Of Shimonoseki are very lovely.
Scene Of the last stand Of the old
feudal lords Of Japan against the
pressure OF western civilization and
trade, the straits today receive the
ships of the world into the great in
land sea. Yet they can be closed at
any time and form the link Of the
Japanese mainland with the Asiatic
railroad system. in part controlled by
Japan, which in time will connect
with Europe.
In the inland sea, was told, only
Japanese pilots are allowed, with the
exception Of one man. a European,
who did Japan a service in the war
with Russia
Hard Task for COnferees.
The other powers at the Washing
ton conference win have a hard time
prying Japan loose from the virtual
control of Manchuria and Eastern
Mongolia, at least And she has not
spent millions and defied the world
In Siberia for the purpose OF an easy
and graceful withdrawal
In Manchuria and Mongolia she has
especially strengthened her hold under
her special interests" agreement with
Mr.. Lansing and under the treatment
Of 1915 and 1918 which China would
like to have reviewed at Washington
In the light Of full publicity and un'
derstanding. Japan treats these as
facts accomplished And they are
Manchuria means coal. iron, hemp,
peat. salt, silk, cereals. skins, cotton,
beans, wheat, rice
Door Open for Japanese.
As to conditions in Manchuria to-
5ay. George Woodruff. president OF
the Illinois Chamber OF Commerce,
who has Just returned from there
says:
! NAV be illustrated by the condltlons
In Manchuria. The open door Is sup
posed to be still open in Manchurla'
nut the japanese have been gettnls
,u the trade and other nations nave
1scsntlv had a hard time to sell any
.ood. The railroads are owned py
Ianan and the japanese business men
s-s abIe TO secure prompt freight de-
It,,oriss while the foreigners often want
=. t..Iso surnised that railroad re-
hates sometimes go to japanese nrms
- are competing with nrms oi
ether nationalities.
own Telegraph Lines
..rns telegraph lines are owned by
Tonanese. as well as the post
o1ces- and IL is claimed that ia
oansss firms receive undue adVan-
- in connection with the promp'
SaIi,,srv of mail and kilograms,
Lille II is sometimes charged tnat
,he communications Of foreigners
- occasionaIly censored before De-
ing sent forward
ssrba hanks are largely branches
., Japanese institutions. The coll
lection of import duties is subject
- the infuence of the Japanese. In
Ssct II may be said that the gen.
sraI infiuefce of political and mill
tarv control, backed up by armed
zarrisons, is too great a hanolcap
Tor foreign business men to over
.one and results in\Japanese su-
oremacy in the developing of raw
materials and the carrying on OF
Strade."
where Toxic Is Strong.
sih-GunE Cheng, in his political
study of modern China, writes:
Japan, by her claims for special
treatment in Manchuria, in eastern
Mongolia, in NShantung and in Fu-
<ien, has been enabled to build upon
her influence to such an extent as
10 exclude other powers from eco
nomic activities in those regions"
The South Manchuria Railway,
originally the southern extension Of
the Chinese Eastern Railway. has
been transferred to Japan since the
Russo-Japanese war. OF the 120,-
BOO, 900 yen subscribed capital the
Japanese government owns 100000
300 yen. They have now acquired
the Antung- -Mukden line and have
built several branch lines, making
total length of 6s4 miles.
Japs Exploit Mines.
The japanese syndicate Is also
authorized to exploit mines in Fu-
shan, Yentai and in the HsiD Cniu
coal fields. 1t maintains a steamer
service between Shanghai and Dalny
Rand supplies gas and electricity to
psveral towns in Manchuria.
Under the disputed treaties pe-
tween China and Japan, leases to
Port Arthur, Dalny. the South Man
shurian and Antung-Mukden Rail-
way are extended ninety y-nine years.
rhe original twenty-one demands
would have transformed China into
yassal state and made another
corea. Under the actual treaties
Japanese subjects may lease land
In Manchuria and Mongolia for
trade, manufacture or for agricul-
ture. japanese are free to reside
,r travel in this part Of China and
engage in business of any kind
Commercial ports are opened IN
eastern Mongolia, and the railway
.oan agreements are revised to meet
Japanese wishes.
Gets Much Chinese Property.
In the third group of the demands
Japan gets control, through the
aanyehping Iron and Steel Conn.,
oany. OF the great Tayeh mines.
which, II Is estimated, will yield a
million tons year for 700 years.
Through forced loans. some made In
secret to the provinces. Japan has