davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1921-02-27
Peace in Industry the Foremost
of i. S. Problems, Secretary
of Labor Wilson Says.

The Americanization program or
the department might well be given
third place. We began that work
seven years ago, and though 1t has
come to be a word to juggle with
since that time. we have proceeded
along our original course. striving to
give the immigrant the spirit of our
institutions. as well as the letter of
the regulations he must know to get
his naturalization papers. In three or
four thousand school districts We
have opened classes. both daytime
and evenings. to these potential citi-
Zens to acquaint them with their new
duties"
Having been an Immigrant boy
himself in 1870. when he was but
eight years old. the first Secretary OF
La Dor has taken keen interest in
the problem of the newcomer to
Americas shores. and he said it was
most proper that the control of inn
migration should rest with the Labor
Department.
"Immi grafton is primarily an eco
nomic question and human ques-
tion," he insisted, "and only Incl
dentally political or an international
matter The immigrant comes to our
country because he is not prospecting
at home as he feels he should prosper.
Usually he has no money to purchase
land. no means with which he may go
into business and no maintenance ex-
cept for few weeks. The result is
that he mast at once enter our labor
market in competition with native
and natural;zed citizens. and the De-
partlnent of Labor IS more directly
interested in him than any other
branch of the government.
In the eight years of his service, Sec
retary Wilson said, the largest single
task was the problem of rehabilitation
of the Army and the war industries and
the rehabilitation of the peacetime pur-
suits.
with the exception of Belgium. the
United States was the only country
that vert through that period without
serious labor disturbances. and several
of the nations are not through it yet"
he said
practically demobiliZed its war forces
and that without serious trouble. From
that time until about November l. 1920.
any competent person seeking work
could get it, and at a remuneratlVe wage
Since that time there has been more
or less Unemployment. but it was not
due to demobilization.'
y X y
What will be the greatest problem
of this department during the next quar-
ter of a century," the Secretary was
asked at the conclusion of the inter-
view.
THE promotion of a better under
standing between the man who works
and the man he works for said he
Unless that can be accomplished the de-
partment will have failed of its great
object They must be taught that their
mutual, though no: identical. interests
lie in producing with a given amount of
labor the greatest amount of output pos
sible. having always a due regard for
the health, recreation and rest of the
worker. But for given amount of la
Dor, the greater the output the more the
employer and employe will have to di-
vide 1t is the proportion of this divi-
sion of what has been produced that is
the great source of dispute. but that can
be adjusted by wise counsel and clear
thinking"
Evening star., 1921-02-27
BY JOHN l.. MARTIN.

I
ICANS official introduction, sans
advance press notices, sans
ia J everything tending or intended
to capitalize his prestige as a
former Vice President of the United
! States. Vice President Marshall is
planning to visit Europe in May, as
/ just plain Tom Marshall of Indiana,
| intent on seeing the country in an
transformations and good old-fashion-
ed American way.
! He is going over primarily as n
delegate to the Masonic world meet
ing to be held at Lausanne, SwitZer-
land, May 80. and has no intention of
; mixing in world politics or trying to
revamp the league of nations. 1t will
be his first visit to the old world, and
he is looking forward with the thrill
Of "a schoolboy to the exciting di-
version of figuring out foreign time
tables and bills of fare.
So X X
With characteristic Marshall humor.
the Vice President set at rest any
suspicion which may have existed
! that his visit abroad would be con-
nected with the movement FOR world
peace.
Mrs. Marshall and I want to see
Europe just as everyday Americans"
he said. "and not as vendors Of any
International patent medicine intend
ed to cure the lis of the world.
IF America offers sure cure it
must be remembered that it will have
to come from some one connecte ed
with the new administration, apd not
from vagrant wanderer over. the
stricken areas of Europe whose gray
matter will be sufficiently exhausted
IN cndcavoring to make known his
physical wants without entering into
the problems of life. death and i'm
mortality"
Mr.. Marshall confesses he is much
concerned at present in his ability to
make good again as private citizen
He 1s going to give himself sort of
preliminary test in seven-week lee
ture tour, which he will commence
March 7. This will carry him from
Massachusetts to the Pacific coast
1t is his ambition to make enough
money out of seven weeks of talking
to enable Mrs. Marshall and himself
to see Europe in comfort. But he ad-
mits some misgivings as to whether
TO be one of the ''non-essential in
dustries put out of commission by the
war"
When he returns from Europe
well. that is another story. He has
the law profession in which he
made good before he became Cover
nor of Indiana-to return to. and a
literary career if he desires it, For
NEWSPAPERS and periodicals have
made him flattering offers to write
for pay.
Any one who is fortunate enough
to have chat with the Vice Presi-
dent in these last busy days of the
present Congress must carry away an
impression of his genuine regret in
bidding farewell to his associates of
both political parties in the Senate.
over whose deliberations he has pre-
sided for eight years. 1t has been
Evening star., 1921-02-27

CONTINUED from First Page)
turn to his home, in Stroudsburg.
Pa, and practice law.
Secretary Daniels of the Navy Will
return to his editorial desk in the
Raleigh, n. C. He is proprietor of
the paper, and was for many years
before he entered the cabinet.
Postmaster General Burleson will
go to his ranch near Austin, Tex.
and engage in agricultural pursuits.
ment of the Interior will lreturn to
Chicago and his lav practHe.
Secretary Meredith Of the. Depart
ment of Agriculture will return to his
home. in. Des Mones. Iowa. where he
is publisher Of Successful Farming,
one of the largest and most success
full farm papers published.
Secretary Alexander of the Depart
ment of Commerce will return to his
home town. Gallatin. Mo-, to resume
the practice of law.
Secretary Wilson Of the Department
of Labor will return to Bellefonte,
Pa. where he has farm.
President Wilson drafted from the
House five members of his cabinet
Rurleson. Redfield. Palmer, Wilson
and Glass He took none. however.
from the Senate. nor any one who had
been suggested that his path might
have been a bit easier had he called
into his official fanil" p senator or two.
X 4 **
The attacks made upon the Wilson
cabinet have been varied and from
various quarters. Labor has had it's
knife out for Attorney General Pal
mer and for Postmaster General
Burleson. MIR. Palmer incurred labor's
opposlion when he used the Lever
food and fuel control act to break
the coal strike in 1919. The radicals
of the country have assailed Mr.. Pal
mer because of the manner in which
he handled the reds" He had the
most exciting experience, probably, of
any of the cabinet members. when a
bomb was dropped outside his house.
supposedly by a red" and part of the
front of the house blown away.
Secretary Daniels caused a protest
from naval circles when he put prohi-
bition into effect before nationwide
prohibition was enacted into law. He
has sought ever to improve the con.
dition of the enlisted man, and in his
efforts has tread on the toes of ira
ditions of the old Navy. Under his
regime. however. the United States
Navy has been built up as never be-
fore.
Postmaster General Burleson has
been attacked as an opponent of or
ga nizations of government employees
and OF organized labor generally. He
Evening star., 1921-02-27

n EVIEWING his eight years OF
- service as Secretary OF
/ Y Labor. William B. Wilson
the only man who has ever
! held that position in the cabinet. re-
CARDS the establishment of the con-
ciliation work of that Office as his
most important achievement in con-
nection with the building up of the
newest executive department
With Postmaster General Burleson
and Secretary of the Navy Daniels,
Secretary Wilson has continued to
fill the original cabinet position to
which he was appointed March 5,
1913. and. though he has been the
center of more than one fight during
that time, he is still the rugged
Scottish miner that pushed his way
from the coal mines to the Congress
OF the United States and then on to
the cabinet.
Perhaps no present member of the
cabinet sees as few newspaper men
as does Secretary Wilson, and some
hint of the reason for this was given
as he talked reminiscently of his IA
vorite work as Secretary--the estaD-
lishment Of the board of concilia-
ton.
The work was established to pro-
mote industrial peace on the founda-
ton of industrial Justice" the Secre-
tary explained. 1T covered wide
field, and there was not much we
could say about it. In fact. while ne
gotiations are in progress in settle
Iut Il
more publicity the matter receives
the smaller chance there is for an
amicable settlement. For there seems
to be more news in dscord than
there is in harmony. and a dispute
receives more attention than a set
tlcment.
When we started the work 20 per
cent of the cases had reached the
strike stage before we Were called
in. But in the eight years we have
become SO we'll established that the
figures are reversed, and in 30 per
cent of the disputes we are at work
before strike has been called, and
in the big majority of instances the
strike has been averted."
x X X
Asked what kind of training or ex-
perience best fitted a man for con-
ciiator of labor troubles, Mr.. Wilson
said the position called first for dipio-
macy and a strong personality.
!'On our staff of about thirty five
men now we have two who We're for
several years in the diplomatic serv-
ice" he added. Several others are
men who have had training as en-
ployers of labor and directors of in
dustrial enterprises. and others are
men who have served long as labor
union officials.
IF concilia ton is the first-born of
the new department.. / would put the
employment service next" continued
the Secretary. That grew to large
proportions during the war. and Con-
gress has seen fit to reduce it to a
skeleton organization since that time
but it is still doing a big work. We
are a clearing house for information
relating to employment conditions.
and have been able to coordinate the
work of state and municipal employ
ment bureaus. But it would be a
great thing for labor and employer
if the service should be extended
rather than curtailed.
Evening star., 1921-02-27

ish-sp-aking countries. The present
holder of the assstantship is Miss
Mercedes de la Barra of the Uni
versity of Chile: the former incum-
bent. who has been appointed to a
regular instructorship. was Miss Anne
liza Agostini of the University of Porto
Rico.
A rather peculiar situation has
been created by the fact that
although there are to be no. cere-
monies for the Inauguration of Mr..
Harding outside the actual swearing
in of the President and his inaugural
address. a number of Central Amer
lean countries have dispatched spe-
cial delegates to the United States as
their representatives at the inaugu-
ration. These delegates will NOT be
officially received in any way and
nothing has been done for their OFF,
them. however. have special duties to
perform while in the United States.
x !: x \
The final treaty decided upon by
the Central American republics for
Central America has reached the
United States. 1t shows the form in
which article 4 of the treaty. upon
which Nicaragua based her objec-
tions to the union, nnally was revised
to the satisfaction. it is said, of the
Nicaraguan representatives.
The next step in the formation Of
the union will take place this week.
when the national assembly, of
Guatemala convenes to ratify or dis
approve the treaty. Salvador's as
sembly has ratified the treaty, according
to unconfirmed dispatches. and Costa
Rica's congress will meet the 1st Of May
to take what is believed to be similar
action. The treaty already has been
ratified by Honduras. and the rati-
is needed to put it into execution.
Upon the ratification by the three
necessary states. a convention will
meet in Honduras. to be composed of
ffteen representatives from, each
country concerned. who will draw up
a constitution for the union.
Ratification by the necessary states is
assured, it is said.
Evening star., 1921-02-27
PRIZES FOR THE BEST POSTERS
SHOWING NEED OF CHINA RELIEF

denomination. including Jews, is rep
resented in this total. while gifts
have been forwarded from such wide
~ scattered points as Cuba. Hawaii,
Canada and foreign countries
Returned travellers from China are
among the first to give indignant de-
NAL TO ALLEGATIONS that the Chinese
people are indifferent to the famine
trapedy in their northern provinces.
Il don't believe it, is the statement Of
New Yorker. Mrs. Simeon Ford, who
has Just returned from her second trim
TO China, where she spent much time
on the edge of the famine region and
saw relief parties going into the dew
astated provinces. and refugees coming
out of them.
Situation "IncredibIy TrnRic."
The situation is too incredibly
tragic to be described in words" she
said. The Chinese are making great
efforts to relieve the situation, and I
was all the more amazed when I
reached this country to find that many
people believe the Chinese to he
apathetic in this matter. | know alb
solutely, at first hand. that this is not
so.
The wealthy Chinese are giving most
generously. according to Mrs. Ford.
In addition to contributing money
! they are doing much constructive hu.
mSnitarian work. In commenting on
parents selling their children. Mrs.
Ford said that we seemed to think in
this country that the parents took the
money thus obtained and went 10y
riding. The truth u.s." she explained,
the majority of parents. after selling
their children, creep into some obscure
spot and die. They have sold their
little ones to save them from this
fate. Frequently they never make
any effort to spend the money thus
obtained. No matter how much China
may do to help these people she can
not handle this tragedy slone."
Evening star., 1921-02-27
Vice President Marshall, After
Eight Years in Office, Must
MAKE Good" Again.

the lot of no presiding officer to make
| more friendships in the Senate than
have been made by MIR. Marshall.
! * X X x
Il came here eight years ago. un-
! known. new to Washington life. who'll
| iy unacquainted with legislative bod
| les" he sad. Il had never ueen in
| side a Legislative body except to de
| liver messages as governor to the
general assembly of The state OF In
diana. l found, instead of carplns
criticism of my ignorance and rack OF
ease, tnat senators were more lhan
wiling and generally anxious to es-
| taDIish friendly relations between the
| chair and the Senate. IL wasn't long
until l felt, however divergent our
views might be on publIc Questions
We had Il mutual respect tor each otn-
er- Al the end OF elgnt years l am
| leaving. My personal and official re-
iatluhsnipS are cordial. However
mucn We may disagree on pubic
questions. that disagreement does not
AFFECT our private and social reia-
tons.
Continuing in Il reminiscent strain,
The VICE President said:
"A peculiar position of the Vice
PrcSident seems to me to make him
the Official uinsr-out of the admins
tratlon. He is to an adm in isl trat tlon
what Il charming and vlvaciouS wife
is TO an ambitious husband. If he
Will beam and smile, manifest good
humor and accept All the invitations
that he can to oinn.r parties. he can
at least have the satisfaction of
knowing that if he has been of no
use to his party. he has n1 been "A
stumbling block in the path of. its
progress"
Asked whether he had any friendly
don IS to suggest TO GOV Coolidge
as the next presiding officer of the
| only school for a Vice President is the
school of experience.
X X Y x
The Vice President referred to the
friendships which he and Mrs. Mar
shall had made in Washington; their
interest in the development of Wash
ington as the greatest capital in the
world, and their regret in leaving
the city.
The people of Washington have
been more than generous to Mrs. Mar
shall and me-" he said. Not even in
the beginning did anybody ask me
what state l came from. and nobody
has turned cold shoulder because l
happened to be Il Hoosier. When
Washington society ceases to poke
fun at Il Hoosier there is no longer
any question about this country be-
ing a nation with a big \.
"Whether in official or social circles
or among those who We're Interested
in the effort to promote the good of
Washington. We have been received
with open arms. / had a minister
once who wanted me to come and
hear him preach. because he said he
could convince me that Jesus Christ
was not divine. l refused, not on the
ground that he could not convince
me. but on the ground that | did not
want him to if he could.
Mrs Marshall and I do not have
the respect of all grades of Washing
ton citizens, whether in or out Of
political and social life: if. secretly,
they are glad to have Us go. we do not
want to know it.
"For wa ar" yoirr rs@grntfu'lv. Of
course. but with that regret sweet
ened with tho belief that tire are
many here who would be willing. II
we were not democrats, to have us
stay"
Evening star., 1921-02-27
FREIGHT LOADING RECORD
+; Railway. Average for December
/; 31.2 Tons Per Car.

Railroads in the United States dur
ing. December, for the second sue
cessive month, established a new rec-
ord for the average load carried by
each loaded freight car, the Associa-
tion of Railway Executives announced
Yesterday. The average for the month,
was thirty-one and one-fifth tons.
which was seven-tenths of a ton more
than that attained in November, wheu
a new mark was also reached.
The increase in the average. said
the statement of the association. was
made Notwithstanding the fact there
was a falling off in business. The
December mark is one and one-fifth
tons higher than the goar set by the
railroad executives last summer. Is
The average movement Of freight
cars in December was twenty-four
and four-fifths miles per day. COM
pared with twenty-six and four-fiftho
miles in November. - -, .,-7s,.
Evening star., 1921-02-27
SEE CLEAR-CUT ISSUE.
Railroad Executives. Say Insistence
Will Precipitate Decision,

Insistence by leaders of railway labor
organizations that their claims to-recog-
milton shall be admitted in violation
of certain principles set down by the
railroads can only result in precipitat-
ing a clear-cut issue between the inter-
ests of the public in the conditions ess
sential to efficient and economical rail-
road operation, the Association of Rail-
way Executives says in an authorized
..
The association sets down certain
which 1t says should guide
the railroads Of the United States in
their relations with their employees.
Evening star., 1921-02-27
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

A il: T.: E 6: { !:
end warfare in ba pear eaSf
Evening star., 1921-02-27
BROKEN:
BY WILSON CABINET

CONTINUED from First Page.)
Evening star., 1921-02-27

(ANS official introduction, sans
advance press notices, sans
\ everything tending or intended
IN nj Tn hjs nraSfira
Evening star., 1921-02-27
BY WILL Il. KENNEDY.

A I the republican caucus tomor-
~ row night the more than 100
n new men coming in for the Six
Evening star., 1921-02-27
by BEN McKELwAY.

BY hen MckELWAY.
1NHAT the next administration will
strive to continue the friendly
relations with South America
Evening star., 1921-09-22
$25, 600 CONCRETE BRIDGE
TO REPLACE FALLEN ONE
Attempt Of Two Machines to Cross
on one-Way Structure Blamed
for Accident.

LUZ ACC1Q0uL.
Recognising the menace of "one-way
bridges" as pointed out in The Star
yesterday, a new concrete bridge
costing approximately $4,000, wide
enough to allow the passage of two
vehicles, will be erected over the Lit
tie Patuxent. to replace the old Saw
age bridge that was demolished yes
terday by truck. The new structure
10 take the place of the old iron and
wooden bridge, according to Chairman
John NJ Mackall of the state roads
commission, Will be Of modern design
ana adequately suitable for the WASH
ington- Baltfmor boulevard.
investigations are being made by
Cnairman Mackall and Commissioner
OF Motor Vehicles e. Austin Yaugh-
man. Mr.. Mackall, in commenting
upon the accident. stated that the
prldge mad been recently inspected
ana @ found to be in good condition.
ihe accident occurred" Mr.. Mack
an stated, because the truck and
touring car tried to pass each other
on the bridge, and in doing so the
truck struck the tension rods holding
the roadway of the bridge to the
trusses and separated them from the
roadway. which then collapsed"
Telephone service between Wash
was restored about 4 o'clock yester-
day afternoon. Residents of this city
are informed that travel to Baltimore
ana points beyond has not been inter-
rupted. as detour of about three
fourths of q mile through Savage,
MO, again brings them out on the
highway. This detour is in good con-
dition and will not increase the time
run to Baltimore more than about five
minutes.
Evening star., 1921-09-22
MINE TROUBLE LAID
TO PAID DEPUTIES
West Virginia Attorney Gen
eraI Tells Senators This
Is His View.

The system by which coal operators
in the West Virginia fields pay the sal
aries of deputy sheriffs was held to be
the principal cause Of complaint from
the minerS and to be largely responsible
for the recent mine disorders in state
ments made last night to the Senate
investigating committee, in Charleston
by Attorney General England and made
public on return today Of the committee
to Washington.
Called in to give the committee his
views. the attorney general declared
that while the law specifically prohibit
ed such employment, it provided no
penalty, and consequently was ignored.
Miners Sought to Intim1date.
The opinion was expressed by the at
torney general that the miners in start
Ing a march to Logan sought to intimi-
date the authorities into calling spe-
cial session of the legislature to amend
the statute against which they COM
planned.
Going deeply into the deputy sheriff
system, the committee found taht the
deputies were duly commissioned by
court and their salaries paid out Of q
fund obtained from an assessment by
the operators OF 10 cents q ton on all
coal taken from the mines.
The attorney general said he knew
1t to be a fact that deputies were
men seeking to organize unions. 1t
also was fact. he said. that the law
did not prohibit men entering the coal
regions to urge organization by
miners, SO long as they did not create
disorder.
Evening star., 1921-09-22
CITIZENS PLANNING DRIVE
AGAINST SITE FOR SCHOOL
Piney Branch Association Seeks to
Enlist Aid Of Civic Or
ganizations.

y A concentrated movement on the part
OF the Piney Branch Citizens Associa-
ton to prevent the erection Of new
school for tubercular children near 14th
and Upshur streets will be launched at
once by members Of the organization,
according to an announcement made by
Edgar B. Henderson last night.
Plans to enlist the help Of the Cham
ber Of Commerce.. the Board of Trade.
the City Club and other organizations
were considered at a special committee
meeting last night at the home of w. C.
Hanson. 1922 Crittenden street. 1t was
reported at the meeting that two Of the
posed site, which. 1t is understood, has
been recommended by DR.. William C..
Fowler, health officer.
Evening star., 1921-09-22
PLAN TO DISRUPT ARMY.

TURIN. italy. September 22.-The
communists yesterday published their
plan for the Revolutionary penetra-
tion Of the army" The plan says
there is an abundance of the best of
revolutionary youths in the army.
youths must enroll In the regi-
communication. Where these do
not exist they must be organised
and everything arranged 80 as to
guarantee the continuous function
ing of the movement"
After giving further details for
conducting the propaganda, the com.
munication says: Members of COM
munist clubs must subject them:
selves to the severest discipline and
keep secret everything pertaining to
communist penetration of the army"