davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17
YOUNG STUDENT
KILLED IN MINE

TERRE HAUTE, Ind. July Is
Ernest Beshaw. 10 years old. Of
Fontanet. a student OF Indiana State
Normal, was killed Friday afternoon
while at work at the Dering mine
No 8 near Clinton, Ind. Beshaw was
struck on the head by a cement
bucket and knocked to the bottom
OF the shaft some 60 feet below.
where he and his cousin were ce-
menting up vein No. 4 which had
been worked out He was graduated
from Fontanet high school this June
and was the star OF the high school
ba SIX etball team last season.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17

Latest census figures show Aus
tralia has q population of 5.s1e.T02.
Males oUtnumber the females "a
Australia by about $4,000.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17

onto the road. They were traced as
far as Ypslant1
The Bergs are among the best
known farmers IN Washtenaw coun-
~. the victims father having farm
ed the place successfully for many
years before the son. In A prop
erty settlement they received about
$1,000 a few months ago.
Sheriff Pack believes the slayers
we're familiar with the habits OF
Berg and came 20 the place with the
intention OF robbing him. the belief
existing that he kept his money IN
the house. That some membe OF
the party were recognized by Berg
and shot him and the hired man {
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17
MICHIGAN PIKERS
: ENJOY OK DINNER
Roast Ok is Devoured on
Grass in Park of Iron City
by Association.

IRON RIVER. Mich. July 15.-
The International good roads eXpe-
dluon Of the Michigan Pixies asso-
citation stopped for two hours at
Iron river after a morning run from
Crystal Falls. MICA. The Michigan
town did itself proud Thursday
night IN entertaining the pikers.
Tom Conlln. publisher OF the Crys-
al Falls Diamond Drill. arranged
barbecue On the park. az which the
pikers and towuspeoplo devoured a
roasted OK from the Triangle ranch.
Then there was q big meeting in
front OF the city hall. with a concert
by the Ford band. A street dance
and grand march Of the pikers
>party. supported by the towns
fairest-
Movie Chief Arrested
Speaking followed. with Pres't
Case. Inspector Harry T. Jackson,
Or. ?. r. Doouttle and Phil T. Col
grove upholding the visitors end.
Thursday afternoon on the way
from Iron Mountain the entire par
" were allowed 20 inspect the Cha
were allowed 20 peer. while dem
ons,ration Of blasting out the ore
was given.
A. Crystal Falls the only untOw-
ard incident OF the trip 20 date oc-
Cured Herman Swanson. driver
OF the Hupmobile. carrying the De
troit Free Press film edition movie
OUTFIT. with Harry Hitler, the oper-
ator. was written up" for speeding
by an over-zealous road policeman,
who hauled Swanson and his party
20 the cool interior OF the local pris-
on. Word was got 20 former State
Senator Mike" Moriarty. who rush
ID post haste 90 the aid Of the cam
era car occupants He arrived at
the opportune moment. al the boys
had all the money in their pockets
<pOOled Ia one pile ready to appease
the hungry jaw Of justice. when they
emerged in triumph on Mr.. Mortar
tvs motion.
500 Mayor Joins Tour.
The speed limit around these parts
Is 10 miles an hour. and the motor
cycle men lead a busy life Frank
Macdonald. mayor Of Sault STE.
Marie. Mich. became one OF the
pikers Thursday. and viii ride with
them 20 Duluth, Port Arthur and
back 20 his home town Others who
are with the convoy are X. I. Saw
yer. road engineer OF Marquette
county. and L. H. Nelson. FIRST as
sistant TO Frank Rogers. NIichigan's
road commissio ner. Nelson is max
ing a study OF the highways en-
route. IronwoOd. Mich, is the
Thursday night stop
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17

man. Henry Vollmer. were shot and
killed shortly before noon Friday.
sumably BY robbers. Their bodies
were found by Miss Lucelia Berg. sis
ter OF the victim. IN a barn where
they had been shearing sheen. about
10 rods from the farmhouse. when
they failed 10 respond 90 her dinner
bell. Both men died OF bullet wounds
in the head.
At about 1890 O'Clock IN the
morning. according 20 Miss Berg. five
or six men drove UP in an automobile
and came 20 the farmhouse for wa
ter FOR their automobile radiator.
They were given pail md told 10
get IL from a well near the barn.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17

About As minutes later the men
returned. explaining that they had
left a robe at he barn. and proceeded
"a that direction. Miss Berg thought
nothing OF tae incident until Berg
and Vollmer failed 20 come in for
dinner. She investigated and found
their bodies
Road workers s-atIored a short
distance from the Berg place say
they saw the men coming hurriedly
10 their automobile and In turning
tanning into a pole They drove
away at such a speed the machine
slid over 10 the edge OF a ditch. in
such a precarious position they had
10 stop and get out and push Il bac,
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-07-17

prevent detection IS the theory on
which the officers are working.
After the shooting the men probably
became frightened and made hur-
r.ed getaway.
Miss Berg was busy about the
house and says she ala not hear any
shots
a clothes.ine was found near Berg.
T leading the oHcers 20 believe his as
sailants had FIRST intended 90 bind
I him and VoIomer. Both men were
shot in the back ~ the head.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
Lemon and Sardlnos

A little lemon Juice is an improve
ment to the sardine mixture.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
Stories of
Great. Scouts
By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
20. 1921. Western Newspaper untonl
VIZ A'-' eS'eih newspaper Shloh'
CALIFORNIA JOE'S JOKE ON THE
SOLDIER BOYS

California Joe was a man of mys.
terry. His real name is unknown, some
saying it was Joseph Milmer, and 9th
ers asserting it was Hawkins. What
ever it may have been made little diff
ference in his fame, for his title of
California Joe was known from Can
ada to Mexico, and from the Missouri
river to the Pacific coast. One of the
traits of this quaint old scout was his
fOndness for a practical joke, and
many a long days march in the Indian
campaigns was made lighter for the
officers no served by one of his pranks.
One time during the Sioux war of
1876, while he was scouting for Col.
Arson Mills, he discovered an old
grave along the trail. Joe stopped,
took off his hat and bowed his head
reverently. The soldiers Immediately
did the same and asked him the rea-
son for his act.
This here is the grave of poor
Amos Billings" said Joe. "He was
with me back in 1886 when we dug
gold in the Black Hills. We got so
much that we had all our pockets
full, and even our mules wuz loaded
to tn las pound. One night we
camped right on this spot, and tibet
night poor Amos took the cramps.
Lordy. how he did suffer is awful for
me to think on now. We done all we
could but the poor Teller died tibet
night.
I'VE all had all tn gold we could
carry, so we jest buried Billings dust
with him, includin' what his mule wuz
carryin', fer we didn't think we had
any right to. take it. Poor Amos Bill
lings! Here's one more tear to moist
en- your grave"
That night the soldiers took spades
and rushed to poor Amos Billings
grave. They dug and dug. After go
ing down 10 feet they found some old
bones but no gold. "P0or Amos Bill
:lingS' never existed except in the i'm
aginatiOn of California Joe, and when
the tired soldiers came struggling into
N''Ail, iAlc pllly NOllIluCII "Co' w nat
fernal fools these fellers ben'
He next became trapper and
worked for Old jim Bridger until
1851, when he went to Oregon on
hunting expedition. At the outbreak
of the Civil war he Joined the Union
army as a scout and was one Of Der
dams sharpShooters in Virginia. He
drifteG West again and became the
favOrite scout of General Custer who
made him chief Of scouts in the Wash
ita campaign in 1867
After scouting for Crook in the
campaign of 1876, Joe became a min
er in the Black Hills and was killed
there by an unknown assassin Decem-
Der 5, 1876.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
GROWTH OF CHRISTMAS TREE
Green Mountains In Vermont Pro-
vide the Yuetide Sprouts.

q INCE five million Christmas
S trees are annually shipped out Of
Vermont, it is only natural to
wonder where they all come from.
They must come from farms-not
farms operated to produce the Christ
mas tree crop, but abandoned farms
where the trees have planted and
reared themselves.
These abandoned farms lie in high
valleys in the foothills Of the Green
mountains. One may see sections COW
cred by thirty-odd farms, once thirty
ing settlements, but now all but two
or three may be unOCcupied. Such
land once under the pillow is gradual
ly coming back to forest. Along the
fern-chOked, faintly-traced burrows,
young spruces come up and in the
open sunshine take on a vivid green.
And more than that-the symmetrical
branches are lively green clear to the
ground.
- Christmas. trees cannot be cut in
areas of spruce forest, because when
they grow in dense clusters the I'M
der branches die for want Of light,
and hence the trees have no value as
decorative Christmas trees.
Few, indeed, see the harvest. One
or two lonely partridge hunters, per-
haps, will see 1t as it lies covered
with the first early snow squalls ip the
mountains. But back in October, when
the days have not lost all Of the mel
lowness Of autumn, a gang of twenty
choppers will have been busily at
work cutting the scattering young
spruces and tying them with Irvine.
The cutting and bundlng is the
easiest part Of the harvest, for the
trees must be hauled for miles to the
railroad, and Mt this time Of year the
mountain roads are nothing more than
frozen ruts and waterholes. Despite
this fact, however, heavy two-horse
wagons and even motor trucks. bris-
Ting with great cribike bodies, strug-
gle slowly out loaded high with the
trees. Two horses are able to draw
out at load about seventy trees of
average size.
At the chosen town on the railroad
every disused spot is hired and n
mountain of trees begins to grow, till
eight thousand of them may be packed
In a solid mass.-St. Nicholas.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
SETTING UP
THE TREE

GTT ALMOST every corner grocer's
- stands can be purchased very
cheaply that will hold the Christ
mas tree firmly in position.
The simplest Of these consists Of a
crosspiece of wood raised a little from
the floor by wooden supports and hav-
ing a hole in the center to insert the
trunk Of the tree.
More elaborate ones take the form
of wooden square, painted a bright
red and surrounded by a low wooden
railing
Country dwellers who cannot pur-
chase these trees at the corner store,
but have to cut them in the nearest
wood lot, must devise some other way
of holding the Christmas tree in posi-
ton.
The easiest way to do this, if the
tree is not too large and heavy, Is to
insert the trunk into the hole through
the bottom of a wooden box, and
either paint this box green or red or
cover 1t with green or red paper.
SluFCH DON VIII nOlu up Small
tree perfectly, but a somewhat larger
box must be chosen for one of larger
growth If, in spite of all precautions,
the tree seems too heavy and is in
clined to wobble. weight the box on
either side with heavy stones. Some
times the box is filed with sand, the
trunk planted in that, and then the
wooden cover nailed in place to make
all very solid.
If one has any talent for carpentry,
even of the toughest sort, an effective
support can be made by mailing two
pieces Of wood in the shape of a
square cross, holding the tree upon
this and mailing cleats to both tree
and support until It stands firmly.
A, very pretty effect can be obtained
by covering the support Of the tree
and the floor directly around 1t with
white cotton batting ION which silver
tinsel, called rain" in most shops, has
been sprinkled. This makes the tree
look as If It were growing in bunch
OF snow glittering in the sun.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
Candles and
Yule Log
MHRIsTMAS gifts were common

~ IRISTMAS gifts were common
" in Medieval times. Accounts
tell of the chambers guild send.
ing out gratis to everyone special
sort Of big, fiat candles which were
burned with the Yule log to light
the houses for the coming of super
natural Christmas visitor. The bak-
ers also sent out "Yule cakes" or
''Yule babies," which were little i'm.
ages of Christ. This custom, in fact,
seems to be even older, it being re-
corded on the old Roman calendars
that on the Vigil of the Nativity little
images of the Christ Child were made
in great numbers and presented to
the fathers in the Vatican.
Gradually the sentiment Of "Peace
on earth, good will to men" and the
celebration Of the spirit by general
gifts seems to have spread through
the other guilds, and finally to have
become general.
In England today there is a survival
Of the ancient custom pEacticed by
landowners of setting hig sacks Of
grain or other products outside the
gate that whoever came might help
himself. 1t Is said that an extra
Christmas eve feed is also still given
to the cattle.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
A STRANGE STAR
Birth of New Life Which Was to
Shine Over the Earth.
Conference of the Beasts of the Ma
tivity as Portrayed by lmagi-
native Writer.
5@H~ AREFUL, Brother, thy horns!
W Keen thy head straight Re.

IS IT. AREFUL, Brother, thy horns
" Keep thy head straight. Re-
member, tonight we share but
the one stall between us. The man
and his mate, there, have thine" The
little tawny-hided OK of Palestine on
the stable wall.
""Tis O strange star that shines to-
night" his yOkefellow answered,
signing restlessly as he turned back
his gaze from the open door. Even
with care their horns clicked in the
narrow space. IF men must take
my bed, why did they not turn us out
into the free air? The grass would
have dew on it tonight-and 1 could
watch the star"
"How snorted the little gray ass
which had carried hither the woman
who lay stretched on the straw be-
tween them. "What grass wouldst
thou pluck from the cobblestones Of
the city?"
aye" lowed the first OK. There
is hay here; eat and be still. The
star is no concern of thine"
THE star shineth on the whole
broad earth, Brother He hath the
peaked hills to wander in, and the
dark valleys, the fields and the towns
alike. l wish l were free like the
star"
"Then, like him, thou wouldst come
slipping in at our stable door again.
Hey, come off thy knees We must
sleep standing" his mate grunted
warningly.
flush, Brother. There is something
wondrous in my old stall Something
very small and white! 1t gleameth
as with hoarfrost in the stars light.
1t hath the smell Of lilies. 1t moveth.
The star can stroke it with its long,
pale tongues" He leaned longingly
against the barrier which shut him
away, until it creaked.
The little ass slipped his soft ears
between his own bars and shifted in
quiringly. "Why, it's a child" he
whinnied with delight. children are
lovely things. His small fingers will
play with my name and he will sing
little songs to me as l bear him along.
Look up, little Master. We will see
great days together"
'"There, that serveth thee right ~
yeprOyed the far OK as the woman
made a quick motion toward the in
quisitive nose. "Thy black muzzle
Delongeth in thine own manger, Broth
er ASS"
"She did but brush it aside" the
little gray beast breathed coQtentedly.
"She is pleased that we know her son.
No fear, Brother Ok Her husband
will not take his staff to us. She is
gentle, this woman Of mine Her
child, too, will love u.s."
But the OK had not drawn back. He
knelt there, his broad forehead pressed
against the bars, his wondering eyes
fixed on the new life which was to
shine over the whole broad earth with
a brighter glory than that wondering
star's.-John Brock, in the Detroit
News.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
CUSTOMS AND THEIR ORIGINS
Numerous Yuletide Ideas Are Relics
of Pagan Observance, Especially
Those Of Druidism.

TrTAN Christmas customs are
TTA relics of pagan observances.
especially those Of Druidism,
the religious system Of the ancient
Gauls and Britons. Groves of oaks
were their chosen retreat, and today
the acorn is found as a Christmas
symbol on some Christmas greetings,
although 1t Is not used as much as
formerly.
Druidism considered mistletoe most
sacred, and when growing on an oak
tree, parasite as it is, it was cut with
a golden knife by a priest clad in a
white robe and two white bulls were
sacrificed on the spot.
The Yule log in England is a relic
of Druidism. Its name is considered
a corruption of "wheel log" wheel
in Druidcal symbolism typifying the
march of the sun. The lighting of
the Yule log hanks back to the sacred
b fires kindled by the Druids at mid
winter In the round towers which yet
remain n,many parts Of Great Brit.
ain, Ireland, France and Spain. The
use of the Christmas tree has descend
ed from the German Druids. The
dressing of the tree with candles and
presents was a feature of their mid
winter festival.
Ivy is not used for Christmas dec.
orations, as 1t was once sacred to
BaCchus and constituted almost the
sole leafy adOrnment at the Roman
saturnalia The early Christian clergy
desiring to wean the people from their
pagan practice as far us possible, for
babe the use of Ivy, and the precedent
still obtains.
In medieval Europe n peacock was
the favorite dish for Christmas din.
ner. After being skinned carefully
the bird was cooked. Then the skin
with the plumage intact was replaced
and the bird served in n manner as
! nearly as possible resembling real
life.
Mince pies are first mentioned In
1896 as In common use at Christmas
times. Authorities In the matter thel
said they might be eaten as early n
December IA.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
BUFFALO CHIP" JIM WANTED
TO BE LIKE BUFFALO BILL

Plain Jim White was his name, but
along the whole western frontier he
was known as Buffalo Chip" jim,
a name which he carried to his grave.
He had been a boyhOod friend of Buff
falO Bill, and when Cody became an
Indian scout, White also took up that
occupation. For years he was Buff
falo Bills faithful follower-half-
servant, half-"partner." He copied
Buffalo Bits dress, his speech and
the way he walked He let his hair
grow long in imitation Of Cody. He
was always at the famous scouts side,
and took more care of Buffalo Bill's
guns and horses than he did Of his
own.
Two stories of how he got his name
are told. One is this: General Sher-
idan had arrived at Fort Wallace,
Kan, and was seeking Buffalo Bill to
guide him on buffalo hunt. White
appeared and told the general that
Cody was away.
"But when Mr. Cody is away, I'm
Buffalo Bill" declared White.
"The HI you arew said Little
Phil" with contempt. Buffalo chips.
you mean" And the general stamped
away angrlly.
According to the other version of
Whites christening, one night at Fort
Laramie he claimed the right to be
known by some other name than sim
pie Jim White, something descriptive
Of his close friendship for Buffalo Bill.
"All right" said Major Morton of
the Ninth infantry, "Well call you
Buffalo Chips !"
White was with the Fifth cavalry
when it attacked Chief American
Horses camp at Slim ButteS, s. d..
in the autumn of 1876. After the de-
feat of the Indians, the soldiers began
hunting down little parties Of Sioux
hidden in the gulches and ravines
near the edge of Il cliff. lie had
raised himself to his feet and was
ready to fire at warrior down in
the ravine when Il Sh0t rang out.
White sprang in the air, cutched
his hands to his breast and with the
startled cry of "Oh, my God, boys,
they've got mel" he plunged forward
down the slope, shot through the
heart.
"a simpler-mlnded, genter from
tiersman never lived. lie was mod
esty and courtesy itself, and he had
three unusual traits for men Of his
classic never drank; l never heard
him swear, and no man ever heard
him lle," writes Gen. Charles King,
who knew him well and who saw him
die that cold September morning NJ
Slim Buttes.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15
CHRISTMAS CAROL.
Music and Song Always AsSoci.
ated With the YuIetide.
Original Sacred Character of Carols
Was Almost Lost Sight of in
Thirteenth Century.

NH USIC and song have always been
STU associated with Christmas.
In Roman Catholic countries,
as early as the Third century, it be-
came the custom to usher in the
Christmas festivities with musical
masses.
The practice of singing carols or
cantcles was supposed to recall the
"In EXcelsis Gloria" of the angels and
the song of the shepherds on the
first Christmas night.
A very old carol, published in 1921,
gives an amusing description Of church
revelries:
A wooden child in clouts on the altar sat.
About the which both boys and girls do
dance and timely jet,
And carols sing in praise of Christ.
The priests do roar aloud!
And round about the parents stand
To see the sport, and with their voice
Do help them, and with hand.
At first, carols were generally re-
ligious in character, and were written
with Latin and English words in al
ternate lines, or with Latin refrain.
The well-known carol
When Christ was born of Mary free
In Bethlehem, that fair cite,
Angels sang with mirth and glee
In EXcelsis Gloria.
and another with a chorus,
Chrstus natus hodie
The babe, the son.
The holy one
OF Mary,
are good examples of this class.
When the tendency to ribaldry be-
came marked, some of the carols got
to be very peculiar in subject and
language. Joseph is treated with a
great want of respect, for one carol
runs:
Joseph was an old man.
An old man was he,
When he welded Mary,
The Maid of Galilee.
Another relates the, story Of the
shepherds watching their docks by
night:
A shepard upon a hill he satt.
He had on him hys tabard and hiatt,
Hys tarbox, hys pipe and hys fagatt;
Hys name was called Joly-Joly Watt.
Having been informed Of the birth
of Christ, the shepherd sets off for
Bethlehem, and on arriving, says:
Jhesu! off Thee my pype,
My skyrte, my tarbox and my scrype.
Home to my fellows now will 1 skype.
And loke unto my shepe.
In the Thirteenth century the sa-
cred character Of these Christmas
songs was almost entirely lost sight
of. The Puritan parliament abolished
Christmas and carols altogether, but
feasting and revelry returned with the
Restoration.
Carol singing, which had fallen into
disuse, was revived by a collection of
carols published by D. Gilbert, in 1922,
but caroling, which was formerly
ushered in by the Ginning of church
bells, and the sallying forth of choirs
which chanted their way round vii
lagos until their threats were hoarse
and their noses red from cold and
friendly Christmas rotations, Is now
almost thing of the past.-Tft Bits.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15

Cream together one cupful Of sugar
and one cupful of shortening. Add
two tablespoonfuls of mOlasses, one
teaspoonful of ginger and a whole egg
well beaten. Stir two teaspoonfuls of
soda in half cupful Of boiling water.
Sift in teaspoonful of baking powder
with enough -four to make soft
dough. Roll out and bake far apart
80 they will not run together.
Essex County herald. [volume] (Guildhall, Vt.) 1873-1964, 1921-12-15

Don't follow the crowd If you want
10 be n leader.