davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

| Definitely and absolutely, friends | of Ireland and of Irish fredeom are | to be found and are only to be found | in the American Association for the Recognition of the Irish Republic" :"
 brought to Bridgeport last night by
 was the keynote of the message | Lord Mayor DonaI O'Callaghan | speaking to an audience which filled | every loot of available space at the | Casino and accorded him reception | which in warmth and friendlineSs af- | forded a striking contrast to the | chilly blasts which swept about the | exterior of the auditorium. The Lord | Mayor, who is only 29 years of age
 and looks younger, is a product fo l the Gaelic League, the precursor of | the Sim F'ein movement in Ireland, andl ike Miss M8cSSw:ney of his own l city, presents his arguments v1gor- | ousIy and uncomprornisIngIy but l without indulging in personalities In conformity with the Sim Fein policy, which requires every offlcehoider un- der the Republic to be conversant
 with the ancient language of Ireland
 he is an accomplished Gaelic scholar and he prefaced his main address
 with a few brief remarks in Gaelic which evoked spontaneous responses from many in his audience
 Discussing how Americans could help Ireland in her struggle for hb- erty, the Mayor said: ''In this mat ter of recognition, Ireland doesn't ask very much of the individual You have here an association launched in order to provide the people of Amer ica who do desire to do justice tC Ire land with a. vehicle wherein that sym pathy and that demand of Americans for recognition could be co-ordlnated and given definite direction and yielded to the greatest possible ef- feet.
 '.Al1 you are asked to do is to join that association. So far I have no doubt that here as well as elsewhere there are not only thousands but tens of thousands who are in sympathy with Ireland, who do want to see Ire land free, who when they read Of murders and outrages in Ireland shudder that such things should con ed, and who still refuse to do that one thing they are asked to do, join that association. There is no excuse for any Amer7can who believes in justice, who favors freedom for Ire land and wants to see these outrageS ended, for not joining this association. Personal views and petty differences should be buried while the people of Ireland are slowly bleeding to death.
 Ireland looks to America for rec ognition and looks to the association launched in your midst by the man who of all others typiffeS the fight ing spirit of Ireland, the President of the Irish Republic, to secure that rec ognition. To that association and to it alone the women and children of Ireland who are suffering day and are fighting in that unequal fight are looking for help wondering when will the day come when in the Hberty-Iov- ing land of America there will be suf-
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

England's imperial army suffers losses they will not admit they have been beaten in a military fight, but they raise the cry of murder and as mur- der the account comes to America for the press.
 When you read of English off, cers or soldiers being killed in am bush which. gives you the impression that these guileless gentlemen were sitting in armchairs somewhere, l want to make it clear to you that they were in armored tanks without which they won't stir three feet in Ireland and that in their armored tanks they had all the advantages of machine guns and artillery, and that the men
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

who fought against them were armed merely with revolvers. A man who in any land sacrifices all the comforts that life might offer to voluntarily. engage in an unequal fight with al- most certain death at the end is not of the stuff of which murderers are made, yet when these losses are suf- fered by England's imperial army, fighting in armored tanks, the Eng fish idea of justice and fair play is vindicated on the following night by assassinating two or three republicans somewhere in the vicinity as they sleep unsuspecting of danger in their beds. and these acts of England s
 (Eontinued on Page Twelve.) 2,
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

personal contest between the two men ended, as it could hardly fail to end in such a situation, in their reel ing over, locked in each others arms Any attempt at recovering the bodies was absolutely hopeless, and there, deep down in that dreadful caldron of swirlinS water and seething foam, will lie for all time the most dan gerous criminal and the foremost champion of the law of their genera ton. The Swiss youth was never found again, and there can be no doubt that he was one of the numer- ous agents whom Moriarty kept in his employ. As to the gang, it will be within the memory of the public how completely the evidence which Holmes had accumulated exposed their organization, and how heavily the hand of the dead man weighed upon them. or their terrible chief few details came out during the pro- ceedings, and if I have now been compelled to make a clear statement of his career, it is due to those in judicious champions who have en- deavored to clear his memory by at tacks upon him whom I shall ever regard the best and the wisest man whom I have ever known.
 Tomorrow-The Adventure of the
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29
THE FINAL PROBLEM
 By A. Conan Doyle

himself informed of our movement. They certainly confirm the very high opinion which I had formed of his abilities. I am pleased to think that I shall be able to free society from any further effects of his presence, though I fear that it is at a cost which will give pain to my friends, and especially, my dear Watson, to you. I have already explained to you, how ever. that my career had in any case reached it's crisis, and that no possi- ble conclusion to it could be more congenial to me than this. Indeed. if I may make a full confession to you, I was quite convinced that the letter from Meiringen was a hoax and I allowed ycu to depart on that errand under the persuasion that some development of this sort would follow. Tell Inspector Patterson that the papers which he needs to convict the gang are in pigeonhole NJ, done up in a blue envelope and inscribed Moriarty. I made every disposition of my property before leaving Eng land, and handed it to my brother Mycroft. Pray give my. greetings to Mrs. Watson, and believe me, to be, nay dear fellow.
 Very sincerely yours.
 SHERLOCK HOLMES D
 prew words may suffice to tell the
 I that remains. An examination
 T,., ,erts leaves little doubt that a .tl indy
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

French Treasury estimates that governments total outstanding long term external debt amounts to 43,- 796,170, 900 francs, of which 3S,715,- 670, 900 were due to the United States.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29
PERSONALS

 MRS. ELEANOR BARTRAM has returned from a southern trip of SeV- eral weeks spent through Florida. stopping al various points of interest to visit Mrs. Bartram is stopping at the Stratfield hotel where she is en- tertaining her son, Burr BartrIn, who is a student at Princeton preparatory school.
 MISS CAROLINE GRAVES of New York city, who attends Smith college, Northampton, Mass, is visiting with her grandmother, Mrs. Zalmon Good sell, of North avenue
 MIR AND MRS. L. w. BREWSTER of Ashley street are entertaining as their house guests MT. and Mrs J. Co Nof New York city.
 MRS F. H. OWNS of Noble avenue was hostess for a. tea this afternoon at her home given in honor of her earndmotser, Mrs. Anna Emerson, who celebrated her S7th birthday an- niversary. Easter flowers were used as decarotions on the tea table. About twelve of Mrs. Emersons inti- mate friends surprised her sowering her with felicitaGonS-
 WILLIAM HEWLITT. of Ashley street has returned from an extensive trip to Havana with relatives.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

Tomorrow-The Adventure of the Empty House.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-03-29

WILLIAM HEWIITT- of Ashley street has returned from an extensive trip to Havana with relatives.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22
BY Walter ]. Fenton

in shipping circles, 1t has been replaced by
third class passage"
Daily inspection of every part of the equip
ment of modern steamship is another feat
not afforded the traveller of earlier days
This duty is not intrusted to any one man
and must be performed by the heads of the
various departments. In the case of some de-
partments, such as the chief steward, there is
general inspection twice daily, but all de-
partments come in for general inspection, rain
or shine.
Sanitation is an important factor in the
health of the people on shipboard Particular
attention is paid in this respect to the third
class quarters Water taps are tried daily
The lighting equipment is given rigid in
spection, and should bulb be found unlghted
note is made and the person in charge is
compelled to account for the negligence If
the floor is not spotlessly clean or the towels
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

western 0talian) front, with ma IL, 1
quifes one automobile winch waya. NJ
tomobiie gas wagons, thres freight s .mo "
six officers and 137 nen, where's ~ag'ns
helicopter requires one automob;l. apsiss
thee trailers, one motor truck. sly go Iar VIII
twenty men. Aesfs aus
adapted in a suitable manna.
tive helicopter might prove the has, s's sap
means Of taking long distance obs. p0ssse
from oattleships- Ter
"a series oi captive heiicontor. -
only be able to give warning Of r.. suio ~
of enemy aircraft, from lon, d;s.s approati
might also be able to open effective g. but
properly armed. 'hg
Captive helicopters can be used ,..y
crews for radio purposes Tests bitb.,. s''aoa'
ried out with kite balloons or kite -" -. car.
have always been unsuccessful, either ,'s'ae :
count of a breakdown Of the kite s,,." - ae-
at low wind velocity or because Of &.
ing motion of the balloon antenns E's.a''' s
squalls. These difficulties would ba .s.'.t t
by the use Of captive helicopters ~ S%a
therefore of particular utility for e,i..i =
and districts where stable mast const,,.sa s
cannot easily be carried out and wssl s,.s
also give rise to great outlay. ~
Captive helicopters offer possib;lit;..
meteorological work. By means Of Il. y
tive helicopter registering devices can as.s
be taken up and measurements carried ~
rapidly in all weather" W.
The Damblanc-Lecoin helicopter ;r..
chased by the French government Is ey,,a,.
ly radical in its plan. 1t is Constructed -
much like the ordinary airplane with H..
lage and tail surfaces. In place of the ns..l
wings, however, it has two giant revor;r-
wings, each with four blades. Wbetbs, :
will ever fly only the future can tell,
However, on the general subject Of b.N
copters Louis Damblanc in ar address bofo,.
the Royal Aeronautical Society IN Eondo,
said:
tThe helicopter is not competitor q, IL.
airplane. 1t is an entirely different TYNE n
aircraft, but one is the complement ~ n.
other. In that golden book Of the science Of
aeronautics, where there are already inscribea
those glorious conquests which we know a,
balloons 'airships' and arplanes, the last
page is reserved for the heleopter Insfsv
months the helcopter win enter upon a yAsp
of decisive achievement.
"a fact which is remarkable Is that with lie
helicopter no new principle is involved Ever.
thing is known, and it is merely question Il
adaptation. The one single shadow over the
picture is the difficulty of actual mcdaniel
construction. But we have already solved an
even more delicate problem in the construc.
ton of the aero engine-that vertable master
piece of skilled and intelligent workmanship
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

that the French government has just @paid
Messrs. Damblanc and Lecon $4,000 for the
plans Of novel type of helicopter that is
not yet completed.
Nor is America far behind in the develop
ment of the vertical rising machine. In fact
an American-Henry A. Berliner, of Wash
ington, ID. C.--is the second individual IN the
world to construct q heicopter that actually
rose into the air from the ground. The
United States Navy Department is keenly
interested in the experiments of Mr.. Ber-
liner, and has loaned him LIE Rhone rotary
engine for the purposes Of his experiments
The Berlner machine is much smaller than
the Austrian helicopter and uses only one
engine, designed to lift one person from the
Ground It's general characteristics some
what similar, particularly in relation to the
position of the propellers.
Mr. BerIiner, however, has succeeded in
achieving something far more important than
the Austrian experimenters. His machine has
flown forward after rising in the air. On sew
eral occasions since November IL, 1919, it has
lifted a man into the air six feet above the
ground and on one of the tests it few forward
800 yards after it had risen vertically into
the air.
In view of the interest displayed by the Navy
Department the details of Mr.. Berliner's ex-
periments being kept secret The general
characteristics of his machine, however,
available. The engine is of 110 horsepower
and the propellers are Is feet across from tip
to tip. The machine and it's operator together
weighed about $50 pounds.
One may very we'll inquire what utility the
helicopter could be if it were fully de-
veloped. At present perhaps the best answer
can be given in the official words of the Aus
trian War Department in authorizing the tests
that resulted so successfully. 1t should also
be borne in mind that the helicopter could
land in backyard or upon the roof of build
ing Here are the official notes of the Aus
tran authorities:
"The advantages of the captive helcopter
as compared to captive balloons are as follows:
They are but slightly visible and therefore
provide limited target area for artillery; they
are mounted with guns and are specially adapt
ed for shooting upward during attacks by air
planes; they are non-infammable, they can
be started without any loss of time and can
be rapidly transferred from one place to an
other.
"The comparison may be continued by
stating that balloon section on the South
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

ders had been waiting patiently, and at the
word Of command they rushed over, and
clantbered UP the skeleton framework of the
tripod into the cuplike body above. The
next moment, with splitting roar, three
lie Rhone rotary engines of 12o-horsepower
each began to revolve and as they did, two
mammoth propellers, each twenty feet across,
began to lash the air in opposite directions.
Almost Immediately the weird device rose
straight into the air with its human freight
as far above the winch as the slack of the
cable would permit it. Then it tugged
steadily but powerfully against the restrain
ing force of the cable.
At a nod from Professor Karman the
operator at the winch pushed over the con-
troll handle of the starting rheostat, and the
drum of the winch began to unwind. Steadily
and persistently the mass of wood and metal
rose vertically into the air. Forty seconds
later it was poised 160 feet above the ground
For one full minute it stayed there, its
mammoth propeller thrashing around at the
rate of six hundred revolutions q mnute
their powerful attack upon the air holding
the two-ton machine suspended in space
against the full force of gravitaton, Then at
the winch reversed his SWITCH and the cable
pulled the historic machine back to earth
Such is brief description of the memoir
able flight. 1t was one of fifteen successful
ascents that were made with the heicopter
between April 2 and June 10, 1916. On the
latter date it was wrecked in landing acci-
dent while strong wind was blowing across
the field, but it's personnel were uninjured.
The experiments were then abandoned be-
cause of the inability of the Austrian authori-
ties to get suitable rotary engines.
When one considers that the three LIE Rhone
engines actually used in this remarkable ma
chine Were captured on the field of battle and
then repaired, it's performance becomes the
more astonishing. Its construction and the
elaborate precautions taken to insure success
were even more remarkable.
The framework of the tripod was made of
steel. In the center of each Of the three legs
a LIE Rhone engine was fixed, and the driving
shafts of the three engines were connected to
a central vertical shaft sby means of beve
gears. The vertical shaft really consisted of
two hollow tubes, one inside the other. At the
top of Che shaft two propellers, each twenty
feet from tip to tip, were fastened in such
manner that the outer shaft turned the lower
propeller to the right and the inner shaft
turned the upper propeller to the left. Down
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

not fresh the soap insufficient the steward
in charge comes in for an official admonition.
daily scene on one of the larger ships, the
Adriatic, $4,000 tons, will serve to illustrate
the manner in which the inspection of the food
in the third class is carried out. When the
inspecting party reaches the kitchen the cooks
have arranged on clean table one dish of
each kind of food to be served. The commander
steps forward and tastes the contents of each
dish. He may have just finished breakfast or
may have dislike for some particular dish,
but nevertheless it is his duty-and history
tells us how the commanders of ocean-going
vessels have adhered to duty
One line that has made a speciality of carry
ing only third-class passengers is the Ameri-
can Line. The steamer Minnekahda, which
finished its first trip in this service on May
II last, has proved so successful that it is
possible that more vessels of this character
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

monogram of the ship. The rooms arsfwed
lighted and we'll ventilated.
AS to the food itself, it is wholesome and
abundant. Each day the captain of the YES
sci makes his inspection of the food and,
should it be found to come below the stand
ard required by the line, the meal is late, be-
cause it has to be prepared all over again.
At the monday meal there are soup, an sntrsa
two vegetables, dessert, cheese, biscuits and
tea.
Then there are two smoking rooms, with
seating capacity of 200 each. In these rooms
will be found comfortable swivel chaFs and
practically every facility that is to be found
in the cabins of the first class passengers on
other liners. The lounge will comfortably seat
800 at one time.
A piano, a library, barber shop and
novelty shop where souvenirs may be pur
chased are some of the other advantages al
forded the steerage passengers on the Mime
kahda
Another rule of the line is that every lnn-
grant coming to America must submit 70
steam bath at the port of embarkation fhys-
clans make daily round of all the passengers
and instruction is given in hygiene an0
sanitation.
The passengers have the privilege OF tns
entire ship with the exception of the Dfloss'
1t is a common sight, after walk on aees'
to see the passengers enjoying the lounge wA
it's neatly paneled walls, its we'll made peaen', !,
or settees with curved backs of polished WO0a
and its many small tables at which games arc
played and drinks served-for prohibition O0ss
not place its restraining hand on the lmhu
grant until he has reached Americas shofss
On its trip to Europe the Minnekahda cal.
ried several parties of excursionists OF tWsns
Or more members, desirous of reaching 'u'
other side but unable to pay the higher ra'ss
and yet demanding every possible comfort =
midsummer a party of $50 Bohemlans HUN
the Middle West will make the trip.
English-speaking passengers coming 70 uiN
country are given quarters separated lfOn
those who speak other tongues.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22
FIRST CLASS IN THE STEERAGE

rooms each containing from two to six berths.
Stewards of the old days were compelled
to empty the straw-hlled mattresses after each
trip. This was a task that was far from be-
ing pleasant. The vermin, which kept pas
senger awake at nights, and which taught the
A. E. F. in France the wonderful fighting
power of the cootie, is no longer a gratis
passenger in the steerage.
Meals are served according to menus
planned before each trip. Each passenger is
given his fill of food which has been inspected
by the officers of the hip The tables are nicely
covered with linen and the service is one that
would cause the first class passenger of earlier
days to envy the steerage passenger of to-day.
Practically every large iine--the Cunard
the United American, the American and every
other reputable company controlling ocean
steamers-has had the steerage remodeled re-
fitted and made more modern in every detail
Officials of the various lines attribute the
innovation to popular demand for cleanli-
ness and service made by the former immi-
grants who periodically sail the seas to the
lands of their birth. The demand made for
these facilities caused the various companies
to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars in
equipment for the steerage.
Indeed, steerage de luxe would be a fitting
term for third-class quarters on the biggest
liners. Particularly is this true if travellers
are so fortunate as to book their passage on
any of the larger ships of an old-established
line. Such vessels as the Olympic and Adri-
attic, of the White Star Line, the Lapland of
the Red Star Line, and others of similar type
have done great deal toward raising the
standard of the steerage travel to what it is
to-day. Some of the lines have gone SO far as
to limit entire ships to steerage passengers
The term steerage has no longer any standing
New-York tribune., 1921-05-22

will soon be sailing the Atlantic. She made
the trip from Naples in twelve days, carrying
her full quota of 2,150 third-class passengers.
Steerage travel on this vessel compares
favorably with first-class passage on some of
the earlier vessels. For the information of
those of us who have never crossed the
Atlantic in the steerage it may be we'll to de-
scribe the quarters occupied by the passengers
on the Minnekahda.
First in Importance come the sleeping quar-
ters. There are staterooms containing two,
four and six berths with accommodations for
1,074 passengers. Then there are dormitories
containing twenty and thirty berths to accommo-
date 1,074 travellers. The beds are framed in
iron pipes, fitted with elastic bottoms of metal
strips. The bedding consists of mattress,
sheets, pillow with linen cover blankets and
coverlet or bed spread, Every room has cleo
trio light, running water, sanitary plumbing,
proper ventilation and steel locker for the
clothing of each passenger.
The staterooms are allotted under rule of
the line. Single women are assigned to state
rooms with six berths, while the single men
occupy the dormitories. The other staterooms
are reserved for married couples and chill
dren. Each row of twenty berths in the der
mitories is cut off from the other by canvas
curtain.
Then should come the dining room. The
Minnekahda is equipped with dining facilities
that are to a certain extent even better than
the first class dining rooms on ocean vessels
Of years ago. The tables are so arranged as
to seat twenty passengers comfortably. These
tables are provided with linen cloths contain
hp nnnp rs +Lo IL.
sengers are given silver service. Instead of
the old tin cup they are provided with china
surrounded by gold band, also containing the