davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
FLORIDA VILLAGE IN PANIC
AS FEUD STARTS IN STREETS
lBy Associated rrcss

PENSACOLA. FLA. Aug. "A gun
hGhi - which rifles and shotsuns
are nt,s; used is IN progress in the
streets OF Wcwalptchka. in CALHOUN
county. as the result OF IA feud, ac-
COS mS To telephone message re-
cciNed here tonight.
Two men have been wounded. the
report SAYS, and the village Is in
darkness. with every house barri.
caded.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
CAN Be NO TAX CUT,
HEAD Of TREASURY
TELL S COMMITTEE
Secretary Mellon Declares Fed
cral Revenues Must Be In
creased S266.ooo,ooo.
REPUBLICAN LEADERS
ALARMED BY PROSPECT
Fordney Urges Reduction Of
Taxation. Regardless of Gov
ernment Requirements.
-. Ralph u. Turner.


" ,.,;,>.. 49,,
.... 49,,
80
,,I,r ,h -, ,,,.n ,.
,,a,,I.,,
,,,,,.,r,
49,.
,.
,nns. ,.,,,',,,a ~
''''' ~ ~ 'i'''
poc,,sc 80 ,,,.'.,'',,',,
'''"' ''"''S
''''"H "'N' N''r' 'hc Si'oa''"h 80
'"''''S'"y" WI" "hnS"'i eh'ph"Sis.
"">t increase fn>r>.
,ho', S".Hs .',. '",, ,..,, ,,''''0S' .'"sv., avs,
S""'"' secretary melton ini"Th+h
'hc h""Sc WAYS ana Means Commit
L." today ihat;
Taxes must bc increased $2Gc.oo".
0oo annually il the government meets
all its expenditures durins III. pres
cnt fiscal y.ur
po,,,c,i,,, c ,,,.,
,u. b,.i. az .,i ,,
"'"''.'
'h''HS 'he 'arih hiii ~ passed rs
IN" chd of the year an additionn;
>'"v""v"n must he collected by in
tcrnai taxation.
Even with proposed reductions. the
internal revenue Weld canno, he ps,
mitt.d to cau below S3.5,oo0o. onn
Total current expenditures FOR Tho
present wear ar. about Si,5i0InS,-
with maximum rcc.i,,s r,.,c.d -.
Si"l=G33 3Ooo This lcu,,s d,u.;,
i2.c 2s,,t- a.. ,
' S''' SHc""'ns =
,n,. ""H r'N
| F"--'""p'
| ~ ~ H'''""''""" more imam III July
| i'-o'
fnt Tn> Any Wu!. i'ordnry Urges
,,,'.',. "e'''' S,a''
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
Four >crroc. ki,Icd In CRASH

BATON ROUGE, La. NuG. 4--Fuur
negroes were Killed here late today
when YaZOo and Mississippi Valley
passenger train struck the auiomc-
bile in which they were riding. The
dead arc: James Morgan. Jr.. William
and Joseph Jackson and fourth
man. unidentified.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
Sc WINS IN RACE
'A|NST TRESNON
|Y 297 MAJORITY
:ial Count Shows Also
inklc Captured Richmond
for Governor.
lINEE OF PARTY LEADS
TUCKER BY 271 VOTES
C Satterheld Received 1858
orc Than Combined To
tai Of Opponents.
I'm GUM SWEPT THE CITr
PORT Given senator Here ~
Great Tribute to- Ills
Popularity.
llNEE OF PARTY LEADS
TUCKER BY 271 VOTES
I'm GUM SWEPT THE CITS
'ort Given Senator Here J.
Eirat Tribute to Ills
Popularity.

|
cn,uuts.i,.
...r.
'"e N''N %
''s'"s the primary election re-
yesterday. sitting com 10
!, in Tho noruIu. uuti ,.,ioct,
m.,, 49,, .
"' '''' ~ vas
W. ~ ''"s" TINS morning Tnc
embraces Andre" krousc.
man. Il. ". Ea.land. yecrct.rv.
c..rt c.o, a., ,,,,,.,.
-. " -
'''' ~ 'h' """' "' ad-
'''th' 'hs' hiEht the only hSurcS
available for publication wcr.
tnt city Treasurer. There IS
'ica!ly no change In tnis total.
l.t Tho original returns AS giy.r
'rday Hay stand.
g total vote u the city VAS Is
Slightly less than the for.,as,
estimated Th!s vote gay.
' Eub"ruatOrIal contest. i.ariun
the statcmcn, IN tho Times. DIS.
Wednesdays mornin. tba, IN.
neville candldat. had urnbn,,l,
cd Richmond
y" Irr~guInri,ir, Appnrrn,
thing Sensational d.y.lnp.I az,
|s.ksion nf IN. corr;uis,ion rh.r.
+ no irregularities .pparoui ana
d..,.r.d ~,
a.a ,h.t IN, ro,,r.,
om'e'"'S "'F'
''9c "'''"''d Iresn"n Ter
mss i"hrr oi keH"nu" by 29T
s. This result WIN uudOuhicdIy
satisiactory to IN. friends of
e. non. ANA il IL NOT bcllcyoL ,c,fou
rG , r.,nuu, v,iu h. 49, ~.
-., 80, ~. .,.,.,,
''' 'o''
'''' ~ '''''""S h' "h" h"' been
''"E 'h' nomination was defeat
it"w h"S bS eleven votes The
aSs also shows that Terrence IA
dtod by squire" Graves hy I.f
,. r,-o. ,.,,. ,
~
'''''~ ''''' - oN oil tHs nheia'
ass. as 4 nad heen generally be,
p" ''"' Nth"h"hEh ana Torrcncc
! pun through II had also hccn
:csicd that the Eosc-Tr.ynou vote
nd Lc close .uouyh IN w.,,, b.
u,,
=, 49,,
| -, %"
n.I. ''
- ~
r,,., ,,t t -" - '~ " =
b.,,o :. ,"S "'
l,,,.,..J,I,. ,,,a,,
- 49, ti '""'
,;, -
,,.,
,,,.t,,aI
-, I,", 49,, ''',.Hs,, "a
~, ,,, r',I.,n '"i ',"ae
h;,, 49,, "'''v'h l.
.,tc.,n,' ,,i,.., ,Mo go me.'
;,..d - ,no." 49, ',v ''Uat
s, c'S
.i,.ad
,.,,,., ''o' '"" u
,n,a .L,nm, ooo '.f
~.s, ,nnno,;,o, C.i,1i, " "''
, W., mia 49,, -, - ~
L., "e q
ac,,t,,io, :. ,lro,d,
III. sucro..or ,n It,,, ~. ~
-, n,,r,,or az
I'm. ci,v nniro. ba Va
od ma ,hc n,n.. t -, ,'en
,,o,,,cu b,y. .,i.. -, Va
,,d As mo ch,,"o :, an,',
,oco,,,. cncc,ivc r,.,u
IIenrv G cofo- -,
i, wilI h. Ia MAKE mo ,n,;,
l., e,,tcd losi nirh, rn u,',,r,, ~
rr,.,; hurry IN ,n,l.o .,,,;,
N. vacancy in tho nu;ca 80 r,..'
i. p,..c has M, h,on all, w.
- WIS considered :, n,,.,
i'm the Office. Ills ION, ..,vtno
his technical knowIcd,.c nc ,av
vcr, .orsidor.d h,. intI, .r,,,..
ra,. ana state A,.dito,. uonrc
,lunbl. assets Mr.. Pace a,id ,,.,
In that ,h. main rcrrc; ". h,d
+, defeat was that he wo,,lh bnvc
means hy which To take care al
identities. several of whom had
| :, connected with the Office many
rs. ,ic said his health is bad. and
ne viii soon take an cyt.nd.d
|, 10 r,c,IAr.td
Praise Hoses Manager.
khitc u is generally believed
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
CARUSO IS BURIED WITH
MUCH HONOR IN NAPLES
Kin. Victor Emmanuel AMI Others
of Royal Family Officially Rep
resented at Funeral.
l. ga f.S l. RGF. INCOME.
Had Only Million Dollars, hut Roy
alticS From rlonugruph Records
Will Net His Heirs Over $500
600 Per Year.
LEAV VES RGE INCOME
my Associated r-c>>.I

LONDON, Aug. "a Home dis
patch to the Central News says that
I:priro Cnrus0's viii, executed In
IoIo. Inns been declared null nnd >oi,l.
Thus apparently the VIII executed ut
Sorrento stands.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
y. q. Messenger nohbcd of s,c.ooo.

ST. LOUIS. Aug. An unopened
mail pouch. containing $4,000 in cur
rcncy, obtained by three bandits who
carly today held up Tommy Fcralsn,
post office messenger. at North
Wood River, Ill. was found late touay
in 4 cornncid near Pctcrs, III. ten
miles from the scene OF the robbery
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05

DENVER, COLO. Aug l.--t.levsn
persons were injured. one pcrhap.
fatally. when a Sightseeing omnibus
overturned here today.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
The Weather

Gcucrniiy 5nir nnd warmer today; to.
morr"w unsettled nnd prob
nbiy showers.
,ro, wen'ner report. SEQ Edi,orla, Page,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05
Republicans Alarmed.

RcprcsrntHtiV" MOndcli. RrDubli.
can leader ni the House. conceded
that some alarm has arisen from the
tax situation. and oountcrcd with
this statement.
'Thcr" seems I" be = persistent
,Con;.nucd on Pas" :. Col. -
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05

.Con;nucd on Pas" :. Col. 3.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05

Continued on rage 4. col.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-08-05

,COnt.nncd on. rag" :. Coz. -
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
GOOD LESSON FOR BEGINNER
Specialists Outline Plan for Determine
ing When Dough Is Ready to BE
Put in Pans.

Beginners often have difficulty In
telling whether the dough is ready to
be divided into loaves and put into
pans. A good rule Is to measure its
volume, say home economics special
lists Of the United States Department
OF Agriculture When II is ready to
be made into loaves, the dough for
each loaf, If made out of hard-wheat
flour, should amount to three pints
II made from soft flour. to about 2H
pints.
The levels to which these masses
Of dough will reach in the mixing
bowl can easily be determined before
hand and marked. sFor Illustration: :
II one loaf of bread Is to be made,
before mixing 1t l,u three pints of wa
ter into the miaiag bowl and mark
the point to which the water comes.
This will Indicate the height to which
the dough should rise.
When recipes direct that dough he
allowed to double or treble In volume,
II Is convenient TO have measuring
glass to determine the expansion. An
ordinary tnmhler will do, but n glass
of smaller diameter. like a small Jelly
glass, Is better. Before the dough ID
set to rise tear on small piece and
pack 1t in the glass. Note the height
to which 1t comes and mark the place
II will reach wien its volume has
doubled Or trebled as the case may be.
Put this beside the large loaves Of
bread and use It as an Indicator.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11

water. by the above named Plaintiff.
and you are hereby directed to ap-
rear and answer .l.a .aid complaint
within twenty days of the service of
This summons if served within said
Judicial District. ard within forty
day II served elsewhere. and Won
ire further notified that unless Won
SO appear and answer said co-lpIaii1t
within tho time herein specified the
Plaintiff will take judgment against
YOU as prayed in said complaint.
This action is brought for the pur-
rose Of securing a decree Observing
the bonds of matrimony between
Plaintiff and Defendant on the
srounds that the Defendant deserted
the Plaintiff on or ABOUT the NTH
day of May 1911. without canse and
oainst the consent of Plaintiff all
of which is more fully set forth in
the complaint filed in above entitled
action, which is hereby made part
hereof by reference.
Witness my hand and the Seal of
seid District Court. this 31st day Of
January, A. D. 1921.
JOSEPH KAUFMAN.
Clerk of said District Court.
F. e. SMITH, Attorney for Plaintiff.
Residence and pos,office address.
Orofino. Idaho.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
FRIDAY. FEBRUARY IL. 1921
VALENTINE

Frightening the duh, drab month
Of February and doing their very
best to cheer up and bring love in
TO our hearts. the 4alentines-the
valentines smile at US with their
acknowledgements daintiness
from the shop windows.
There are elaborate millionaire
valentines of celluloid and blue rib
hons that come in big lace boxes,
like French dolls; there are valen-
tines that when pulled out like an
accordion become cinderella coaches
Of cardboard. laden with Loves and
Venuses and Cupids Others resolve
palaces-you never knOw-peopled
with delightful goddesses and doves.
But the best and most sincere. per-
haps, are the old-fashioned valen-
tines-vistas OF foamy paper lace.
through which you look upon hearts
redder than lovers lips. In a pros
rect of violets and Torget-me-no
And hidden away like billet doux
in boquet, little verse:
This heart, sweet love, l send to you,
Together with these violets blue:
And if you like this neart of mine,
] pray you be my valentine
Could ANYTHING be more simple or
direct to the point? As unerringly
as Cupid's darts or beaus rapier,
the verse carries it's message home
II may be that the Elizabethan Tyr
les, the love songs or Herrick and
Lovelace and Sucking survive to-
day only in the valentine.
And ah. what memories these
barbingers of love bring with them.
They lead us back along the colum-
bine-bordered road to yesterday, ov-
er the asphodel meadows of Youth
and First Love and Childhood Fan
cies, and we meet and kiss our first
sweethearts again-alas, they have
gone out of our lives these many
years.
And so, dear little valentine. ac-
cept these violets and forget-me-nots
and hug this message close to your
heart--for surely sweetheart is
the sweeter for a valentine. and as
all wies men know, tits love that
makes the world go round.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
GOOD
ROADS
FEDERAL AID FOR HIGHWAYS
Operations Aggregate In Length Nine
Times Distance From New York
TO San Francisco.

The unprecedented stimulus given
highway construction in the United
States in the four years that have
passed since the federal government
entered upon its policy Of aiding road
Improvement, is shown by the fact
that road operations under the federal
aid road act thus far initiated aggre-
gate in length nine times the distance
from New York to San Francisco, ac-
cording to Thomas H. Macdonald.
chief of the bureau of public roads,
United States department of agricul-
ture. Tie federal governments share
in this stupendous undertaking is
greater than the cost of the Panama
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

In the Probate Court of the Count,
of Clearwater, State of Idaho.
In the Matter of the Estate of Jane,
A. Parker. Deceased
Notice is hereby given by the un-
designed administrator with the will
annexed of the estate Of James A.
Parker deceased. to the creditors of
and all persons having claims
against the said deceased, to exhibit
them with the necessary vouchers,
within four months after the first
publication of this notice, to the
said administrator at the Fidelity
State Bank in the Village of Orofino.
the same being the place for the
transaction of the business of said
estate. in the County of Clearwater.
State of Idaho
Signed and dated at Orofino, Idaho
this 5th day of February A. D. 1921.
BENJAMIN r. SCHMID.
with the will annexed.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
CHEESE AND POTATO DISHES
Excellent Luncheon or Supper Dishes
Tested In Kitchen Of Depart
ment Of Agriculture.

The following excellent luncheon or
supper dish Is one tested In the expert
mental kitchen of the United States
Department Of Agriculture:
cupful of mashed potatoes
y cupful OF milk.
! egg
VI teaspoonful of salt
VI cupful of grated cheese.
Beat the potatoes and milk together
until thoroughly mixed. Add the egg
and the salt and beat thoroughly,
Finally add the cheese. Bake in muf-
IN tins in slow oven ten or fifteen
minutes
similar dish may be made By
scooping out the inside of baked no
tato and mixing Il with cheese. az
above. Fill the potato skin shell with
the mixture. return TO the oven. and
bake until light brown
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
SUMMONS
Mo AKA -

In the District Court the Second
Judicial District of the state Of
Idaho, in and for the County OF
Clearwater.
Byron M. Swingler. Plaintiff VS..
Hilda A. Swingler, Defendant.
The State of Idaho sends greeting
to Hilda A. Swingler the above
named Defendant
You are hereby notified that g
complaint has been filed against you
in the District Court of the Second
Judicial District of the State of Ida
no, in and for the County of Clear
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11

1st, 1921. al o'clock PM. Of sai4
dag. at he court room OF said Cou t
in the Village Of Orodno. County OF
Clearwater State Of Idaho. at which
time ana place any person interested
n sad estate may appear and shott
cause why prayer of petitioner
should rot be granted
s. NJ SNYDER, Clerk.
First Publication + February 18th
1921.
Last Publication February 25th,
1921
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
PEAT SUPERIOR FOR BEDDING
Given Thorough Trial at Minnesota
Experiment Station and Found
Quite Satisfactory.

The use OF peat for barn litter or
cattle bedding has been given thor
ough trial through several years at
the Minnesota north central expert
ment station. II has been found su-
perior to straw as an absorbent and
the cattle have never been so clean as
when this was used. Not only has
the manure output doubled. but all
the straw Is available for feeding.
Peat is not good bedding material
70 use for dairy cows because Of the
f1ae particles which find their way into
the milk pail. no matter how thor
oughiy you brush them.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
STORAGE OF SOY BEAN SEED
Not Advisable to Put In Bin
Until They Are Dry.

Soy oean seed is very rich In oil.
II IL therefore not advisable to store
a 10. of newly thrashed beans in bin
until they become thoroughly dry. he.
cause of the danger of heating BE.
cause of their high oil content. they
ar. liable TO lose their ability to grow
much more quickly than other COM
mon agricultural seeds. After they
are thoroughly dry, they should be
stored IN hulk. just like oats or wheat.
Until they are real dry. II is advisa.
BILE 20 store them where they can be
stirred occasionally.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11

r.. Laird SW1-4 NE1-4. NW1-4
NWI-4 SW1-4 NW1-i and SEA-
NW1-4, Sec. t5-t0-2E. Coz. $500.
Quit claim deed. Mrs. A. w. Laird
ct mar to Potl2tch Lumber Co. S
IA NE1-4. NW1-4 NW1-4. sW1-4
:sW1-4 and SEA- NW1-4, Sec. Is
t0-2E. Con. $10o.
Deed. State of Idaho to A. w.
Laird NE14 NE1-4 ard SEA- NE
IA, Sec. 21-4O-2E. Con. $500.
Quit claim deed, A. w. Laird ct
ux to Potlatch Lumber Co. NEl-4
NE1-4 and SEA- NE1-4. Sec. 2l-4O-
2E. Con. 800.
Quit claim deed. Bella Porter to
Simon Olson Lots S. and z. Block
6 Rlakes Addition. Orofino. Con. 81
Warranty deed. John E. Ruoede~
ct Tx to G. A. Rubedew N1-2 SW1-4
N1-2 SELL. Sec. II. NW1-4 NELL
NE1-4 and SW1-4 SEA- SE1-4. Sec.
20. E1-2 SW1-4 TW1-4. Sec. 81 and
NEl-4 NW1-4 NW1-4 Sec. 28-39-3E
Con. s1.00.
Warranty deed. Lolita L. Rubedew
Ct mar to Rupp Holland Logging Co.
Ell SW1-4.Sec. 34-39-3E Con. 81
Quit claim deed. First Trust and
savings Bank to Clearwater County
Abstract Co. Lot A, Block 70, Orc
fno. Con. $1.0O.
Warra nty deed. Louis C. Boehl ct
TX to William F. Oppliger. Lots 1
2, ard 10. Block 3. Wright and
small's Addition. Orofino. also wes,-
erly IL of vacated 4 st. anuttins
on Lots ! and 10. Con. s1.00.
Warran ty deed, Lee Mathews to
9. 0. Jim part NE1-4, Sec. 34-37-
wv. Con. $4,000.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
NOTICE OF REDEMPTION OF
HIGHWAY WARRANTS

Notice is hereby given: That the
following warrants Of the series OF
1920, issued by Grangemont High
way District will be paid, with ac-
crued interest. on presentation tc
the treasurer, e. U. Fallen, of said
Highway District.
WARRANTS ON THE GENERAL
ROAD FUND--number AS to SAT,
inclusive. registered on or before
July 18th, 1920.
Interest on the above mentioned
warrants ceases 80 days from the
18th day of January. 1921.
Dated this 18th day of January,
1921, Orofino, Idaho.
e. U. FALLEN. Secretary.
Grangemont Highway District, Orc
fino, Idaho.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
NOTICE OF TINE APPOINTED FOR
HEARING PETITION FOR PRO-
BATE OF WILL AND APPOINT
MENT OF ADMINISTRATOR
WITH THE WILL ANNEXED.

In the Probate Court of the County
OF Clearwater. State of Idaho.
In the Matter of the Estate of Carl
eton S. Shepard. deceased.
Notice is hereby given that an ex-
emplified copy of the last Will and
Testament of Carleton s. Shepard.
deceased. together with proof of its
admission to probate in the County
of Douglas. State of Nebraska. has
been filed in this Court by Jessie F.
Shepard, executrix of said Will. with
her petition that the said Will b.
admitted to probate in this Court.
and for the appointment of w. NJ.
Chandler as Administrator with the
Will annexed; and that the same
will be heard on Tuesday, March
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11
NOTICE TO CREDITORS
In the Probate Court OF the Count,
OF Clearwater, State of Idaho.

In the Probate Court OF the County
OF Clearwater, State of Idaho.
In the Matter of the Estate of JOS
eph ]. Knutson, Deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the un-
dersigned Executor Of the last will
OF Joseph j. Knutson. deceased. to
the creditors of. and all persons
having claims against the said de-
ceased. to exhibit them with the
necessary vouchers, within four
months after the first publication of
this notice, to the said Executor at
the Bank of Orofino. at Orofino. Ida
no. the same being the place for the
transaction OF the business of said
estate, in the County of Clearwater
State of Idaho
Signed and dated at Orofino. Idaho
this 10Th day of January, A. d. 1921
c. H. EIDE, Executor.
Clearwater Republican. [volume] (Orofino, Idaho) 1912-1922, 1921-02-11

Hot Concrete Being Dumped Ready
for Surfacine.
canal. The participation of the ma
tional government In highway improve.
ment marked departure from a policy
which had been followed for nearly
a century. Federal cooperation with
the states on approximately 5000
basis has counted more than any other
factor, says Mr.. Macdonald, in init
airing highway construction that is be.
ing carried on under adequate super
vision. and in accord with a program
co-ortlinnting local, state and national
needs
Second only in Importance to thu
size of the present bodybuilding pro
gram is the excellence OF the char.
acter of the rods hning built. Sixt,
per cent of the total allotment OF fed.
eral funds which has been approved
to date will be spent for roads of
such durable types as bituminous con.
crete, Portland cement concrete, and
vitrified brick. These roads. when
built. will increase by 1900 miles the
total OF IA 400 miles of roads of this
class which existed In the United
States before the federal-aid road law
was passed. Bur these figures by no
means represent the total mileage af-
fected.
In 1915 the total expenditure for
roads and bridges by all the states and
local governments was 1907 COCOON
while this year the estimated funds
available for main road construction
are nearly three times that amount.
or 1888 .00O,O0O. In all. federal funds
to the amount Of 5000. 75OOOO have
been apportioned among As states
without n suggestion of favoritism-
SO adequate are the provisions for a
just apportiOnment
One of the early and most far-reach-
Ing results directly attributable to the
adoption of the federal-aid program
was the creation of adequate state
highway departments In II states which
previously had either no state depart
ment. or departments insufiicientiy
equipped. Within one year after the
passage of the federal-aid road act
more constructive state highway legis-
lation was placed upon the statute
books than had ever been enacted in
n similar period in the history Of the
country
The insistence of the government
upon the construction of federal-ald
roads under the supervision of engi.
neers of the state departments has re-
suited In placing much larger pro-
portion of road work under skilled
direction. In 1915. the year before
the federal-aid act was passed, only
10 per cent of the money for roads
and bridges built in the United States
was expended under the supervision
of state highway departments. This
year these departments will exercise
control over fully so per cent of the
large sums that will be spent for road
building.