davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Unique Cooperative
Plan Is Successful

A form of cooperative coal
mining succeeds at Digger, Indi-
ana, according to J. J. Bourquin,
mining engineer of the United
States bureau of mines.
The mine property was leased
eight years ago by the miners, who
formed the Digger Mutual Coal
and Mining Company. Now there
are 81 miners and 20 day men en-
ployed These workers are mem
bers of the United Mine Workers.
At first many difficulties were en-
countered, but after a struggle the
mine was put on a paying basis.
The company is not Incorporated,
but is licensed as partnership or
ganization. Thus, legal response
bility for any Indebtedness incurred
rests both on the company and its
individual members. Only men who
actually mine and load coal are
admitted to partnership. The day
men are paid according to the pre-
vailing wage scale of the district.
When it is deemed advisable to
admit more miners men EMPLOYED
in other capacities are given prefer
ence. On assuming the duties of
miners they become partners in the
company and are entitled to a
share of the earnings.
All business transactions are
handled by two committees-a fl
nance committee of three members
and policy committee of five
members. Each member of the
company has a vote in the cleo
ton Of members to these commit
tees.
The superintendent of the mine
is paid monthly salary equal to
one-tenth of the sum of the earn
ings Of the 10 miners receiving the
highest pay for the month. This
naturally encourages close super
vision and efficiency on the part of
that official.
The wages Of day men, sales
commissions, royalty fees and other
overhead expenses are deducted
from the gross income derived from
sales OF coal during the given per-
iod. The remainder represents the
net earnings of the mine. This
sum Is pro-rated to the partners
according to their respective net
tonnages of production, exclusive
Of coal used in the boiler plant. Bv
this method each man shares in the
profits of the company according
to the amount Of coal he produces.
If partner decides to sever his
relations with the company, his
earnings are paid up in full and his
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Catholic Welfare
Council Asks Very
Pointed Question

If the excess profits tax can be
shifted, why does big business want
this tax abolished? is the pointed
question asked by the department
of social action, National Catholic
Welfare Council.
"The excess profits tax is claimed
to have increased the cost of living.
Because of it, profit takers are re-
ported to have raised prices and
lowered wages so as to get enough
profits to pay the tax and still not
suffer any loss in their normal
profits. The excess profits tax, &C.
cording to this, has been an incen-
tive to profit-takers to raise prices
and keep down wages so that other
people will pay their taxes. They
have even made higher profits, it is
said, through the operation of the
excess profits tax.
at is not known whether this
argument should be accepted be-
cause the organizations which are
fit-takers, and newspapers favoring
it have long been recognized as
the mouth-pieces of groups of pro-
fit-takers. If they have forced
others to pay their excess profits
tax, it is not clear why they are
now confessing to this practice UNI
less it is that they want to pay
their own taxes in the future. Then
statement is also a confession that
their power over. prices, wages, anC
salaries is practically unlimited as
long as the consumers can or will
buy goods"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Average 1919 Wage
Below Living Costs

Boston, Feb &c. - The boosted
high wages are found not true,
when the average is considered and
the purchasing power of the dollar
is recalled according to a report by
the Massachusetts Department of
Labor and Industries on wages
and Hours of Labor in the Metal
Trades Of Massachusetts, 1914-1919."
In this highly skilled and impor-
tant industry the average wage for
these high-grade mechanics in 1919
could not meet living costs of that
year.
1t is shown that the average time
rate for blacksmiths was $3O.58 for
specified week in that year; core
makers, $27.66; cupola furnace
hands, $26.68; foundry molders,
$32,92; machine shop bench hands,
$24.44; drillers, $29.8S; gauge max
ers, $29,44; grinders, $21.89; lathe
hands, $24.63; general machinists,
$3O.66; milling machine operators
S23.25; screw machine operators,
$24.24; tool makers, 1929; assem-
blers, $25.08; polishers and buffers,
$22.53; sheet metal workers, $31.15;
Welders, $31.79.
Rates for women workers doing
the same labor, in the same period,
We're: Assemblies, $11.24 a week,
time work; bench hands, $13; core
makers, S12.99; drillers, $14.10;
grinders, $14.63; lathe hands, $12.98;
polishers, $13.O5.
In a discussion of the various
forms of bonuses paid workers, the
service bonus is referred to as only
indirectly depending upon the in
efficiency of the employee and is
rather measure of his attitude to-
ward the company"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Organized Teachers
Command Attention

Wilmette, ILL.,, Feb. 26.-The pub
Lefty department of the American
Federation of Teachers, affiliated
to the A. f. of L., has forced the
reactionary National Educational
terest in the teachers welfare
Point by point the N. E. A. lead
ers have taken over the principles
of the American Federation of
Teachers" it is stated. "They are
keen enough to understand that
those principles would win the
sympathy and probably the allie
glance of class room teachers. They
dread the loss of power and pres
tige which was sure to affect the
N. E. A. as soon as the majority of
class room teachers went over to
the A. F. T. After several genera
tions of futility and inaction, they
have in the past three years become
singularly devoted to the ideas of
democracy and initiative among
teachers, better nay and better
teaching conditions, and greater
voice in educational councils and in
the N. E. A. itself. They have
swallowed practically the whole
teacher program of the A. F. T.
and are preaching A. F. T. doe
trines with JUNCTION and force.
"The N. E. A. machine of school
administrators has exercised two
kinds Of coercion; it has coerced or
strongly influenced teachers into it's
own organization; it has coerced or
strongly impelled teachers out of
the A. F. T. Everywhere Throughout
the United States the strongest
pressure, that Of public opinion, has
been trained upon the A. F. T. AS
a result Of the lectures delivered by
N. K. A. officers on tour the air is
full of misconceptions of the type
of organization and the aims and
achievements of the American Fed
GRAFTON of Teachers.n
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
The War Against
Venereal Disease

WASHINGTON, D. c., March 2
What the worker wants is tC
know the truth about venereal dis.
eases" said E, c. Dawson, Score.
airy of the International Associa-
ton of Machinists, in his talk be-
fore the conference recently held in
New York under the auspices of the
U. S, Public Health Service and
the American Social Hygiene Asso-
citation.
"A venereal disease is nothing
short Of calamity to a worker
because. it effects the creative inn
pulse which is the laborer's great
est asset. And after all, the worker
pays the price in money and in
health The industry may provide
the necessary medical treatment
ana give information about the dis
eases to its employees, but the in
dusrty can pass on the cost of
these measures to the consumer of
ITS products. Because the laborer
must pay the price, he wants to
know the facts, and for this reason
the International Association of
hachinists and other labor organi-
Zaticns are gladly cooperating with
the Government in an effort to get
correct Information about these dis
eases before their members" Both
Mr. Dawson and Mr.. Fred Hewitt
Editor Of the Machinists' Monthly
journal, attended the conference
Mr.. Hewett spoke Of the publicity
which is being given by the Journal
to the campaign against these dis
eases.
Other representatives of labor
organizations present at the con-
ference We're John P. Coughlin
Nice-President of the Central Trades
ana Labor Council of Greater New
York; Joseph S. McDonough, Bust
ness Agent of +he Navy Yard Elec-
trlcal Workers, and Samuel Squibb
Business Agent of the Granite Cut
ters Union. Others who expressed
very definite interest are Peter
j. Brady, Chairman of the Commit
tee of Education of the New York
state Federation of Labor; John B
Andrews, Secretary of the American
Association for Labor Legislation
and Hugh Frayne, General Organizer
OF the American Federation OF
Labor.
-. The Surgeon General of the Pub.
he Health Service says, 81 an
greatly pleased with the way ir
which the labor unions are taking
hold Of this campaign, as they have
1t in their power to give valuable
assistance to the states and to tn,
Federal Service in carrying on this
Mork"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
They've DOctOred
The Primary Law

T,-o ,,.i,,,,,.,- Hill, ono ,,,a+oriolI,
affactin% tba Qualifications If can,
dida+as and the Other nroviding fo,
narty regis+ration yare nassad bL
he state SENATE Tnesdav
A striking feature of the first
bin. Senate RHI i93 is that a can.
Jidate must he a member Of two
vnars' sfandino in the nartv with
which he is then registered and af-
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Law of the Jungle Can
Not Apply to
Wages
american Fedcrationist Press
Letter.


Letter.
The theory that wages must be
based on competition between
workers is revival of the jun
gle code.
Under this system human rela-
tions in industry is impossible.
There can be no living standard
when the tigers law prevails.
Then wages are regulated by the
number of out-of- works, with no
arbitration, Cancellation or mutual
ity-the weak are ground to bits
in the struggle to exist
Logically, the competition advo-
cate finds himself in a position he
dare not acknowledged surplus
Of labor competing for every job,
with living standards falling to
Chinese levels
The competition advocate dare
not be logical. He lacks the cour-
age to follow his theory to its end
He cannot say that "the inter
ests of capital (capitalists) and la
Dor are Identical" He dare not
claim that the law of tooth and
claw recognizes aught but power.
There is neither ethics or moral
lily in the competition theory
Capitalists have abandoned COM
petition between themselves, but
maintain the fiction in the case of
workers while they talk about the
"immutable law of supply and de-
mand"-and close their factories to
maintain prices.
This banquet and editorial space
filling stuff is supposed to awe
workers whose organizations of
capitalists smash this natural"
law.
The theory that competition must
regulate wages is contrary to hui
name instincts. 1t means charity
organizations and the long train
of evils associated with pauperism.
This theory is sustained by every
force that cheap-labOr advocates
can muster to its defense, for this
age is no exception to the rule
that every age has its defenders of
exploitation and greed.
Trade unionsm is the answer to
jungaleers who would have workers
tearing themselves, their families
and their homes to pieces in com
petition for jobs.
Trade unionism supplants the
doctrine of might and necessity
with reason and good will among
men.
Agitate Educate! Organize!
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
IRISH RELIEF
MASS MEETING

Last Saturday night about 250
men and women attended a mass
meeting held in Odd Fellows Hall,
called for the purpose of inaugur-
ating campaign to secure relief
funds for destitute women and
children in Ireland.
j. b. Mccain presided and in
PRODUCED two speakers from Seat
tie, Messrs. Stanley Padden and
john l.. Fitzpatrick.
Mr. Padden delivered a patriotic
address in which he recounted the
Acts of repression inflicted on Ire
land and insisted on the American
declaration during the World War
of the principle of self-determina
ton enunciated by President Will
son.
Mr.. Fitzpatrick gave brief his
tory Of Ireland, covering a period
Of 700 years, during which that
chivalrous nation had been held I'M
der English domination.
Miss Carrie Reep, Harry Embree
and Mrs. Rene Bergeron favored
the audience with vocal solos, pa
triotic Irish songs, to piano accom-
panlmenJ by oscar NOME.
The chairman called for subscrip-
tions commencing with amounts
from $50 to 500, then $25 to $50,
then from $40 to $25, then lesser
amounts, then the hat was passed,
resulting in a collection of $632.45
The committee is now collecting
from those not fortunate enough to
attend this fine meeting.
If you DO not meet one of the
committee soliciting you may hand
your contribution to either Mr.. j.
B. Mccain or Mr.. Ed. Hennessey.
Mr.. j. B.. Fogarty is chairman of
the committee for this county.
Stand for the American principle
Of self-determination, the right of
al ratons to select their own form
Of government; stand for recogni-
ton of the Republic of Ireland.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Income Tax Facts
You Should Know

Numerous errors in claims for de-
auctions have been discovered in
taxpayers returns.
To be allowed, deductions for
losses must be confined to the fol-
lowing classes: Losses sustained in
trade or business; losses sustained
profit, though not connected with a
trade or business; losses sustained
of property not connected with
trade or business if arising from
fires, shipwreck, storms, or other
casualty, or from theft. To the
extent any of the above losses are
compensated for by insurance they
are not deductible.
To be allowed as a deduction in
the return for 1920 a loss must have
been actually sustained during that
year. A taxpayer may feel certain
that real estate owned by him is
worth less than what he paid for
it. A merchant may be convinced
that certain stock can not be sold
unless marked below cost. In Meth
CT event, however, is he entitled to
a claim for deduction until the loss
is made absolute by sale or other
disposition of the property.
Claims for losses must conform
closely to the wording of the sta
tute. A loss sustained in the sale of
an automobile purchased for per-
sonal use is not deductible, because
it is not a transaction entered into
for profit" A loss sustained by a
taxpayer in the sale of his home
is not deductible for the reason that
ordinarily when man buys a resi-
dence and moves into it he has no
intention of selling and has not
entered into a transaction for pro-
fit"
Midnight, March Is is the last
hour in which income tax returns
will be received. Penalties will at
tach after that hour.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04

1918, showed the need for a thor
ough investigation of shop and en-
CINE house conditions on all rail
roads; therefore this work was ex-
tended and developed into a com
prehensive system Of reporting con-
ditions of shop and engine house
operation monthly through the re-
gional directors.
"On account of the changed val
ues due to increased labor and ma
terial costs, comparison on a
money basis was worthless; there
fore all comparisons of shop and
engine house operation were made
on a man-hour basis.
"To illustrate the improvement in
conditions, a check of 1921 engine
houses in January, 1919, showed an
average of 30.58 man-hours per To-
connective handled, while check of
the same engine houses in July,
1919, showed 25.77 man-hours per
locomotive handled, or a decrease
of 7,013,036 in the number of man
hours in handling approximately
$4,000 locomotives. This represents
saving per month of $4,263, 541,
which is at the rate of approx
mately $50,000,000 per annum."
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Some Facts About
Warren Harding

Warren G. Harding, who takes
office today as the twenty-ninth
president of the United States, is
the first president to be elected to
that high office on his birthday. He
was 55 years old November 2, 1920.
He is the first U. S. Senator elect
ed to the presidency.
President Harding is the seventh
president contributed to the coun-
try by the State of Ohio. Only
Virginia, with total of eight pres
idents born within her borders, out
ranks Ohio in this regard. No
president has been born west of
Ohio. No president has resided
west of Illinois.
President Harding is the seventh
president of Scotch-Irish paternal
ancestry. Fifteen of our presi-
dents, over the period of 1873 years,
have been of English decent, three
of Scotch, one of Welsh and two
of Dutch.
The average age of our presidents
at Inauguration is 81 years, ap-
proximately, while the approximate
average at death has been Sc years.
President Harding exemplifies the
rapid rise possible in American life
better than any of his predecessors.
He was not included in the 1914
Is "Who's Who"
Like many of his predecessors
also, his parents were not wealthy
and he has risen to the highest Of
flee within the gift of the American
people through frugality, industry
and thrift, of which he is warm
exponent, as evidenced by his re-
cent approval of the Governments
Thrift and Savings work, represent
ed in the sales of Thrift, Treasury
and War Savings Stamps and
Treasury Savings Certificates.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04

share Of the company stock for
which he has paid by assessments
is refunded. 1t is said that there
is always a waiting list Of day
workers eager to take the place Of
any miner who resigns.
Trouble arises OCCASIONALLY among
the day men in this mine, as else
where, and when these differences
can not be settled between the day
men and committee representing
the company, strikes have occurred.
Then all work is STOPPED, and the
miners who comprise the partner
ship under which the mine oper-
ates, put down their tools and come
out with the strikers and the mine
is idle until the differences have
been arbitratcd by the executive
board of the Miners unoin.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Fire Stool Pigeons
Say the Churches

"The conduct and activities of
labor detective agencies do not
seem to serve the best interests
of the country" says the commits
sion of inquiry of the interchurch
congress. The steel strike was
probed by this commission, which
urges that some department of the
federal government set up a COM
mission, representing both sides and
the public to inaugurate immediate
conferences between the steel cor
poltation and its employees for the
elimination of the 12-hour day, the
seven-day week, for the readjust-
ment Of wage rates and to devise
"an adequate plan of permanent
free conferences to regulate the
conduct of the industry in the fu-
ture."
"Thc steel strike, in one sense, is
"The main issues are not settled.
The causes still remain.
'ls the nation helpless before
conditions in basic industry which
promise future crisis? Can our
democratic society be moved to do
industrial justice without the pres
sure of crisis itself?
"The 12-hour day, involving hun
dreds of thousands, the seven-day
week, wages that make for I'M
healthy communities and an un-
derbred race, arbitrary manage
ment which penalties the American
spirit and corrupts its institutions
is the reform of all this to be
left simply to the hazard of
strike? ?"
The memorial states that "the
federal department of justice seems
to have placed undue reliance on
cooperation with corporations Sc
cret Srevices."
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Fatal Accidents;
January Report

There were twenty fatal acct
dents reported to the Industrial
Insurance Commission in the month
of December, two of which oc-
Cured in Snohomish County. John
Simmons, of Gold Bar, working for
the Wallace Falls Timber Co., was
killed on November 25, and Peter
Breton, of Gold Bar, working for
the same company, was killed on
December IA.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
IF in HIS Judgment"

The city commissioners in session
Tuesday morning adopted reso-
luton Of protest of House Bill TIA
at Olympia, which if passed will
establish control over rates charged
by municipality owned public utilities
and practically prohibit local com
petition in public utilities.
1t provides that the state director
of public works issue certificates
of necessity upon application of
public utilities owners, municipal or
private, if in his judgment necessity
exists.
The resolution was forwarded to
the Snohomish County representa-
tives at Olympia Wednesday.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
Smoke BLUE RIBBON So Cigar

The union label is q "home indus
try builder and should receive your
patronage.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
CENrRAL LAROR coUNCIL


Meets every Wednesday night at 5 o'clock,
Iu Hall 4. Labor Temple D. H. Michel,
President. q. j. Meiter.iug, Secretary.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF
LABOR

Address Samuel G0mpers President; or
Frank Morrison, Secretary, A. f. of L. Bldg.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04

Smoke OLYMPIC CLUB 1Oc cigar.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1921-03-04

Midnight, March Is is the last
hour in which income tax returns
will be received. Penalties will at
tach after that hour.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1921-09-20

Very careful thought ha been given to our range of
Patterns and feel that have line of designs and
coors which are not only ad apted every room in the
house no matter what the Tor chemebu will also suit
the widest possible diversity Of should be glad
to have you call at our Sor and assist you in making
selection and complete information to the wearing quality
Neponset Rugs mad by Bird G. Son. Inc and
are guaranteed by the max ers
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1921-09-20
EAST DORSET
525 Main Street


Mr. and Mrs David Hill are onter.
tanning relatives from Bennington and
SALISBURY.
Mrs. Mary y. Griffith was in Saxton
River last week.
Mr. and Mrs. George H. Reed and
son Howard have returned TO West
Acton. Mass. after being the guest OF
friends here last week.
Marion Thomas and George Am.
brose are attending the T. c. A. at
poultney.
Miss Elizabeth Kendall returned to
Grand Rapids. Mich. last week alter
spending the summer with her sister,
Mrs. Thomas Ambrose.
Miss Marcella Lee of Worcester
Mass was guest last week OF Mrs.
Nellie Dunn and Miss Mary Kelleher.
Mr. and Mrs. Ezra Benson OF Rut-
land were guests Sunday of Mr.. Ben
sons.
Mrs. Mary Dudley is in South
SALISBURY, called there by the death
OF friend
Mrs. Nellie Dunn was in Poultney
recently
Mrs. Helen Buifum is in Rock City
Falls, N. Y, where she win spend sey.
eral months with her daughter, Mrs.
II VI, Hall.
Mrs. Susie Brophy Rundlett went 20
Rock City Fails last Monday, where
she will spend the winter with Rev.
and Mrs. H. NJ Hall
Mrs. w. II. Brock was in Rutland,
Friday
G. T. Griffith was in Manchester on
Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. G, L. Gregoire were
in Barre, several days last week.
Mrs H. b. Kendell had for guests
last Thursday for dinner, Mr. and Mrs.
The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1921-09-20
MISCELLANEOUS

LoST-Nine months old yellow and
white collie dog, answers to the name
of Bijah, scar on side of Jaw suit
able reward for any Information.
Frank Montgomery, South shaftsbury.
tel 5lS-12. ! its