davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
sTANDARDIziNG CONTAINERS
Federal Specialists Seek Uniform Market
Measures to Check Fraud.

To eliminate fraud in the marketing of
fruit and vegetables by the substitution
OF short measure packages at full meas
ure prices is one of the principal objects
of specialists of the United States de-
partment of agriculture now making a
study of the hundreds of different types
OF containers III use. For example, baS-
kets which contain seyen-eighths of a
bushel are frequently used as bushel
baskets: it is difficult to detect the short
measure. In bulletin issued recently
by the bureau of markets of the depart
ment of agriculture the specialists dis
cuss the need for standard containers for
fruit and vegetables and describe how
the public is sometimes defrauded because
of the many types and sizes of contain
ers now in use.
The serious lack of uniformity of con-
tanners increases the cost of marketing,
say the specialists, because of the greater
expense of manufacturing a large
number of unnecessary styles and sizes
and by breakage in transit which is
sometimes directly attributable 70 the
difficulty OF loading odd containers. There
are in common use at present about 40
! sizes OF cabbage crates, 20 styles of eel
cry crates, 30 lettuce crates or boxes, 80
styles and sizes of hampers, Is styles and
sizes of rOund-stave baskets and market
ing baskets, varying in size from l to 81
quarts, whereas relatively few standard
sizes would satisfy all demands of the
trade. In many cases the six-quart mar
ket basket, the fourteen-quart peach
basket, the seven-eighth- bushel bean ham
per and the five-peck lettuce hamper are
confused with peck. half-bushe and one
and one-half bushel baskets
The federal standard barrel law and
the United States container act, which
establish standard containers. have done
away with large~pumber of unnecessary
sized barrels. berry boxes and grape bas-
kets and have awakened widespread de-
mnnd for the application of the same
principle to other containers. says the
ard hamper, which is one of the most
widely used types of containers. especial
lv popular in the Eastern and Central
states. Almost 30,00O,0O0 of these bas-
kets are used annually. The sizes of
hampers which are recommended nv tho
bureau OF markets of the department of
agriculture as being sufficient in number
to satisfy all legitimate requirements of
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
Progress Program in October
(Springfeld Reporter)


! 1t is a little amusing to note how
! the critics of the present administration
! are inclined to blame Governor Hart
ness for not preventing an industrial de-
/ preston which not only affects Vermont
but the whole nation end is more or less
| noticeable tbhe world over. He seems to
/ be held accountable some way for not
| being able. single handed and alone, to
| remedy a condition growing out of the
World war and due to national and inter
Aational complications and puzzling
| questions that are not Immediately
solved or settled. Every sane person
recognizes. of course, that industrial ex-
| pansion must wait the readjustment of
domestic affairs and foreign relations,
and is something to be planned for now
and realized later when times are more
propitiOua. In the wedding out process,
whereby the shops in town have let
number of men go. Springfield has been
represented as practically alead, a mis-
representation upon which the critics
have been swift to seize and to make the
most of As a matter of fact Spring
field is neither dead nor sleeping, but is
probably in far better shape today than
most of the manufacturing towns of its
kind in the country. and its business men
are making preparations to launch forth,
equipped and ready, as soon as the tide
turns. Neither has the governor for
gotten the plan of progress of his cam
paign days, for which so many satiricalty
anxious inquiries have repeatedly been
made Now that he has been lin office
several months. has come in closer touch
with state problems and has the highway
situation well in hand. he is returning to
his original idea of industrial progress
for Vermont and is planning to issue
early in October the first publication of a
state policy for the establishment of new
industries and the management of exist
ing plants. In this he win place en-
phasis on the opportunities and advan-
tages for manufacturing to be fond in
Vermont in order that what he has to
say may serve aS guide to prospective
investors as well as to" those who are
already engaged in industrial enterprises.
1t has been suggested to the governor
that for frontispiece tO~ his publica
tion he have a cut of the Vermont Press
association sweeping the landscape from |
the top of Mt Mansfield with spyglaSses |
in search of a mushroom growth of !
smOkestdcks.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
Sheppard TOwner Bill

burlington DAILY News
1t is declared that over ten million
women throughout the United States
| are supporting the Sheppard Towner
bill which is aimed at the protection of
mothers and the saving of thousands of
| lives which are now lost yearly through
The lack OF proper care, due IN great
part to ignorance. Statlsticians claim
| that no fewer than 225,OCO mothers will
have lost their lives by the end of the
present year from maternal causes and
that with the proper care, at least half
of them could have been saved, besides
this, it is alleged that l25,0O0 babies
will have died unnecessarily within six
weeks of birth. The Sheppard Towner
bill would tend to offset these casual
allowance for federal aid and care to
those states which maintain services to
promote and aid maternal care.
In order to get federal aid, the New
\ ork Tribune declares:
A state must appropriate an equal
suIR each year and must agree that not
more than p per cent of the amount
granted shall be used Tor lecture courses
and that half the members of any adj
yisory committee must be women. The
operation of the act is to be lodged with
the Children : bureau of the depart-
ment of labor, but the states are free
to designate or create whatever bu-
reaus or agencies they see hit to coop
crate with the Children's bureau. Co
operation rather than Capitalization is
clearly aimed at in the bill. The states
must initiate and are chiefly to conduct
the work -
The bill would seem to be one step
nearer that efficiency which must come
if the country Ms to save the lives of
thousands who die unnecessarily yearly.
There is, of course. opposition to the
bill on the ground that the. schools for
mothers are unnecessary and a useless
expense to the community. How inane
this opposition is may be realized from
a thought given to the number of lives
lost annually. Under this bill many
lives NAV be saved. to say nothing of
giving. children greater opportunity
for healthier life. All many .frail chill
dren need Is proper care and exercise,
which can come only through education
of the, parents. This education is the
natural result of the Sheppard Towner
hill. which for the benefit of woman
kind and countless thousands vet UNI
born. deserves the hearty support, we
believe. of the people of every state in
the union
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

the trade are S-quart. or 1 peck 16-
quart, or one-haf bushel; 32-quart, or
1 bushel; 4S-quart, or / u bushels It Is
suggested that the latter be made in two
styles, TO meet the preferences in various
parts of the country.
The round -stave basket, for which
there is no standard, is popular in all
regions except the Southern and Middle
Atlantic States and on the Pacific coast
About 100000 such baskets are man
utactured annually. The sizes which are
recommended as standards by the bureau
of markets are the same az those rec
commended for the hamper, except for the
elimination of the eight quart size. The
splint, or veneer. baskets, for which there
are also no standards, are well known to
the public as market baskets The sizes
which are proposed by the bureau Of mar
kets are five in NUMBER, 8, Il, 16. and
n quart
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

public against unwholesome food as
well as for the development of the ma
tion's live stock industry in removing
the prejudice of foreign countries
against our meat exports.
Fundamentally, the law is based on
the principle pfAinterstate transporta-
ton 1t says that no meat can cross a
state unless it bears the legend u. S.
Inspected and Passed. To get this
mark the animal must have been exam
ined twice by federal scientists-frst
alive, then after killing, when it lies
skinned, headless and disemboweled
with every telltale membrane muscle
and gland open to pitiless scrutiny.
Then, if it was picked or smoked or
went into can or casing, It must have
been prepared without any harmful pre-
sentative, and the can must have been
truthfully labeled. Moreover, the
slaughter house must have been light,
clean, sanitary, the packing rooms like
kitchens. and every man or woman who
touched the meat must have been clean
and healthy and dressed in clean cloth
ing.
Under this law, last year the bureau
operated at 500 houses IN go cities seat
tered over the country, chiefly in the
middle West, but extending to Boston,
San Francisco and New Orleans. 1t in
spected more than 61,000,000 animals
100000 pounds of meat products. OF
these it threw out 22S,0OO diseased
whole carcasses, 10000 parts of car
casses and 100000 pounds of products.
1t did this with $500 employees, two
hfths being professional veterinarians
and the remainder practical meat curing
men. At seven centers over the coun-
try it had the assistance of it's labora :
tories where skilled chemists probed in
to the problems of preservatives, spices,
waters and other ingredients. 1t main
tanned also a corps of highly trained
men, who travelled from place to place.
giving each station an inspection so as
to keep the men up to the mark and to
make the whole system uniform
the country.
NO, this ought not TO add to the cost
of meat. Carcasses and parts con-
demned for disease are not entirely
waste. They are cooked in tanks under
high steam pressure, and the resulting
products used for grease in soap and
tallow and for fertilizer The real loss
is only a fraction of cent a pound
and that is more than offset BY the
of modern factory conditions
brought about by the requirements of
he law"
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
Icing Milk Is Against Public Health.
(Barre Timesl


The Spractice of some Vermont farm
erS in placing ice in their shipments of
milk for cooling purposes comes in for Sc
we're condemnation by the state depart
ment of agriculture because of the guam
tIty of water added to the milk, such
being a violation of the law. That is a
strong reason why the practice should
not be continued; but far more impor-
tant, IT seems to us, is the danger to
public health which arises from the put
ting OF ice into the milk cans. The ice
may come from sources which are con-
tamlnated, in which event filth. disease
carriers and just plain dirt are con-
Veyed into the milk to be retained there
until the milk passes into the hands OF
the consumers and eventually into the
StOmachS of the people. All the ice used
by farmers may not be contaminated but
some of 1T undoubtedly is because of care
leSSneSS In the choice of sources of sup
ply. Many farmers, as is we'll known,
get up their own supplies of ice and from
sources which have never passed rigid
inspection by sanitary experts If this
Ice is dumped into milk cans there is a
strong chance that disease may be car
RED to human beings despite the theory
held IN some quarters that a freezing
temperature effectually disposes of the
life OF disease germs. It's an unsanitary
practice, just the same as it is unsanitary
to deposit chips of ice into glasses of
drinks dispensed at soda fountains The
latter practice is no longer INDUCED in
by those dealers in drinks who have con-
Slderatlon for their customers. No more
should the farmers dump large or small
cakes of ice into their milk cans. It's
against the law to water the milk it's
against the laws of health to put ice into
the milk. An inspector of the depart
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

cream, chocolate, fermentation Tin the
form of moiasses), soft drinks, con-
| densed milk, crackers, bread, tobacco,
chewing gum, proprietary medicines,
soap and sIlyerinx mirrors.
let, despite the diversity OF uses of
| sugar, the tonnage OF salt consumed Is
greater. Ii We tank OF salt not as the
white substance which We shake over
roast beef but as sodium chloride we
may lind the answer. Salt is general
chemical and it Is used IN tremendous
Quantities IN large scale chemical OBJ
eratlons. Sugar also is a chemical, but
IL Is used IN few purely chemical pro-
cesses.
The SAVIOR of salt usually is absent
from the finished products IN the opera
tlous which Involve salt, but the sweet =
hess OF sugar almost always is retained
In most confectionery there is about
A. per cent OF pure sugar The actual
sugar content may range up to 95 per
cent because MANY OF The other ingre-
dlents, such Is chocolate, fruits and
molasses contain substantial percent
! ages of sugar.
Preserved fruits contain about : 20
per cent OF sugar. Syrups, Including ma
pie syrup, are 10 per cent or more SUI
gar condensed mink contains from 40
To 10 per cent vi sdsar, depending on
grade. Chewing gum m.4 ht well be ire
named sugar gum, because about 60
per cent OF 1t is sugar
Historically, salt is older than SUI
gar The Seriptural references to salt
are numerous, but sugar, per Sc, is not
mentioned. Honey, OF course, was eyer
q faVorlte, but sugar, as sugar, was not
ehronleled before 800 A. d., at the ear
hest. In every day language, oddly
enough, salt and sugar have come to
mean the same thing-money, The
word salary is derived from the bat
IN word Tor salt The wages of Roman.
SOLDIERS used to be known as salt
money We still speak of manFas
being worth his salt, although fewsiof
us are aware of the Significance of the
expression. New York Times.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
NATION OF SALT EATERS
Despite Sugars Diverse Uses, Largex.
Tonnage of Salt Required

The average person VIII be surprised
to know that there is more salt than
sugar consumed per capita in the
United States. There were available
last year $50 pounds of salt for every
lnhabltant, compared with los pounds
of sugar. In the national sugar bowl
there were 5,207 ,776 tons, and in the ma
tiOnal salt cellar 6,2l7 ,473 tons
Confronted with the question, 'Do
you use more salt than sugar or more
sugar than salt?'' one would unhesita-
tngly reply that he uses more sugar.
Il use only a few Trains of salt on NV
eggs and meat, he might say. we
don't use much salt in our cooking. |
take two humps of sugar with my cof
Zee and | sprinkle teaspoonful over
my cereal. We use mo end of it in des-
serts: then there s candy
The apparent mystery deepens when
the industrial uses of sugar and salt
are compared says The American Su
gar Bulletin. According to the Federal
Trade Information service, salt, in addi-
ton to its culinary uses, plays a part
IN packing meat, curing fish, dairying.
refrlgerating, preserving, glazing, enam-
cling, curing hides, making pickles, salt
ing live stock, and in chemical processes
such as preparing soda ash and eaustic
soda
The uses of sugar are more multi
farlous. Sugar, aside from its obvious
table uses, is employed in preserving.
canning, cooking, pastry, syrup, ice
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
HOW OUR MEAT Is HANDLED
Inspection of 15 Billion Pounds Con.
Su.ned i'm a Year

The American people consume 10000
O0o0O0 pounds of meat in a year, or at
the rate of half pound a day. Two
thirds of this is Inspected by bureau of
animal industry employees, while the re-
mainder should be inspected by state
or municipal men, but, unfortunately,
this is true only to a certain extent,
SAYS the chief of the bureau of animal
industry of the United States depart
ment of agriculture in a recent inter
view
Modern meat inspection in this
country dates from 1906. Congress had
made but timid inspection laws. About
that time President Roosevelt became
interested in newspaper reports about
activities in packing town, and he
sent two committees to Chicago to in
vestigate. Their reports convinced him
that the thing needed in the law was
teeth. After much sensational argu-
ment. every one seemed to agree, so
congress put on the books the strin-
gent act of 1906, a complete, effective,
model measure, that has worked every
hour since for the protection of the
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
Farmers Should Hold On
(Orleans County MOnitorl

The depression has hit the farmer and
hit him hard. Many Canadians, who
have come to this country in the past few
years and paid good prices for farms,
carrying large deferred payment agree
ments, now find themselves in very try
ing positions. Advice in such circum-
stances is not always in good order. but
these men must hold their courage. Ma
tonal legislation will help the situation
to some extent. the natural law of sup
ply and demand will soon bring better
times and creditors must use patience
and discretion. There are already signs
of strong turning tide
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
No Joke in This
lPOultney journal. J

Time for joking about the Vermont
legislature is past, if Ex-Governor Fletch-
er's statement is correct that the state
expenses are now around five million
dollars year. These modern ideas about
Nermont's being generous in this thing
and that thing may have sounded pretty
at the time, but it is not only those who
dance that must pay the fiddler in this
case but every mOnther's son of us,-and
it's going to cost a neat sum, too.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
Pick All the AppIes.
barre Times.l

~1nasmuch as VermOnt's apple crop
promises to be curtailed because of the
excessively hot weather of the month of
July, it will beh0ove the Vermont grow
ers to make the most of what they have
which means that the apples should all
be harvested and placed in suitable CON
tanners 50 that the fruit viii attract the
highest price possible. There ought to be
no waste this year because of complaint
about the lack of helpers to pick the
APPLES.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

OF the 352, 421 persons in Vermont, ac-
eording to the United States census taken
last year, 3S,232 are fOreign-born. OF
this number 20, 462 are males and 1910
females. Vermont has fewer foreign-born
residents than any other Newt England
state. New Hampshire, for instance, with
total population of about 10000 more
than Vermont, has more than twice as
many inhabitants of foreign birth.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

The largest landholder in the Rrifisb
empire is the new Australian kni6ht
Sir Sidney Kidman He controls over
32,e00Oo0 acres, which carry about q
quarter of a million cattle and many
thousand horses.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

ment ought to be sent out to carry on de
tective work if the complaints concerning
the practice continue to be received at
the department Office in Montpelier.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

John l.. Powers, better Known as Jack
Powers" of Burlington, was arrested at
Essex Junction Thursday evening and
lodged in the Chittenden county jail. He
is charged with keeping certain intOxi-
eating liquors with intent to sell, without
having obtained a federal permit to do
So" Many wild stories of escapades con-
nected with Powers have been circulated
since the Nolstead act went into effect.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

The blGejaeket s collar is a survival
Of the days when sailors wore pigtaiia.
The collar was to protect their Jackets
from the grease with which the pigtails
were dressed
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01
VERMONT NEWS

Lieut. Gov. Abram w. FOote is in
Plymouth, Mass, today, where he will
represent Governor HartneSs and the
state of Vermont at the precautionary Gel
ebration of the landing of the Pilgroms.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

About 1000 officers and men from the
National Guard cavalry units of New
York and Massachusetts arrived at Fort
Ethan Allen at an early hour Sunday
morning. They are in camp on the
grounds that were used some years ago
by the First Vermont infantry. The cav=
alrymen will be stationed at the post
II days, during which time they will
undergo intensive training under the su-
peryision of REGULAR armN officers.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

Railroad Detective G. L. Hodge of the
Central Vermont and Detective George
Given of the American Railway Express
Friday found the safe which was taken
from the depot in Randolph on June~9.
The safe was located on the logging road
leading to Griffith's saw mill en- route
to Bolton mountain. An axe was found
near the safe, with which the hinges of
the safe had been broken off. Most of the
contents of the safe had been taken. in
Guiding about 1886, although few papers
were left behind.
The Brattleboro daily reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1913-1955, 1921-08-01

Perley Jerd of Montpelier is in Barre
City hospital with his skull fractured
in two places and other injuries as the
result of his automobile overturning
when it left the highway at 3 o'clock
Sunday morning. Mr.. and Mrs. Jerd,
who were married Tuesday, were on
their way home, accompanied by Mrs
Jerd's sister, from Lake Morey, when
the accident occurred near East Barre.
The young women escaped with bruises
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1921-11-25
new GAS-ELECTRIC
MOTOR-CAR SERVICE
Branch of the l. C. R. R. from Mof-
fatt to Troy.

Conductor T. E. Burke, a we'll
known citizen of Troy, handling the
train service between Moffatt and
Troy. tells us that, beginning De-
cember 1, 1921, the passenger train
will be exchanged for a gas-electric
motor car to make the regular and
extra connections between these two
points. The passenger train has been
making the principal connections,
with extra connections by a Ford
motor The new arrangement will
comprice a complete schedule of
connections by the new equipment,
gas-electric motor coach for pas
sengers and baggage 70 feet in length
and equipped with heating and light
ing of modern type, etc.
A Y at Moffatt and a turn table
at Troy will be added to facilitate
the service. The road and the trav-
cling public will both be benefited
by this change. The accommodations
will be better for passengers and the
service will cost less to the railroad
company. There will be a reduction
in the force, but an increase in eff
ficiency.
Mr.. Burke was formerly a citizen
of Union City and is well known
here.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1921-11-25
NAVAL BUILDING
GOES RIGHT AHEAD

Washington, Nov 14.-The pro-
posals of the United States for a ten
year naval holiday will have no ef-
feet on the present status of the Am
erican. building program, Secretary
of the Navy DENLY said to-day.
The present building program will
continue until some definite agree
ment has been reached and there will
not even be an effort to slow down or
curtail the building operations pend
ing final agreement in the matter,
the secretary said