The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1921-02-06
MANY IMPROVEMENTS IN 1921 CARS
Engines Run Smoother Fuel Systems Better to Give Greater
Mieaee-Trend Toward Economical Maintenance

shaft tho less tho tendency tor the
shaft 10 get out Of alignment.
Internal fabrication of the engine
is wiU q difficuIt problem. We have
better syglcyio This vcar whlch TAX"
aomo ydriaSio factors into account,
but WllI tho average engine iH not
perfectly lubrltatcd. $50 coon as
further development iu thi8 dirc'.
ton takes place Wc shall have re-
durrd engine maintenance, brought
about by fUWor caEcH Of scored GYM
d'Is oyiiudots worn oval wrisipluH
worn much before their time, pi7
tons worn uuovouoly etc. Tho prob
lem BIS one uf not overlubr,catiug th"
cylinders tp tho excess oh fouls tho
spark plugs and StiIl not undcroiliug
them. aud at tho same time taking
care Of the soft metal bearings OF
the rods and ctankshaft under heavy
and light loads.
IN tho 1921 cars there arc fewer
high pressure oiInE systems ana
more having pressure combined with
splash or spray Oil screens nay"
been Improved their removal mad"
oasior iu many cases though still
lacking boo others.
rho standard form Of cylinder
construction hero i4 tho L.hcad.
This iH the form used by Ford,
Dodge. Maxwell Packard, Cadillac
and others n is HomcVhnt Of re-
shock. however. 20 learn that the
overhead valve has lost iu favor of
this typo ont, during tho last year.
since IgII the overhead valve has
been making rapid gains yo'Oy. II
has risen from - per cent following
In 1916 20 nearly 80 per cent last
year. This year only 81 per cent of
o 4. 4. IN.a In -
GO per cent. use l,-hend and the very
small remainder T-hcad and sliding
sleeve typoH. These percentages are
based on the total number OF chassis
and therefore do not show that In
number alone the overhead valve is
stronger than last year. The per-
ccntHgc drop * caused by the in
creased number OF newer makes ot
cars adopting Manufactured engines,
which tn most cases ara L-hchd
types Most OF tho sO-callcd as-
scmblod cars use l.-hcad engines and
az there are more nch cars this
year, that may account Tor the
change iu figures.
Motors Are Improved.
Tho block casting of cylinders ana
the use Of the detachable cylinder
mead have both gained. Those are
standard forms OF construction. Tho
advantages of both are such that
IL is hard to see why a manufac-
urrr at this day continues a pair
east engine. or even one east in
thrces
THIS year there are more than
one hundred engines with three
bearing crankshafis. twenty two
with two hearing shafts. twenty
with bearing shafts. one i've
bearing and seven seven bearing
designs.
The cast iron piston Is used IN all
| but twenty-five engines, and these
uso aluminium alloy. Il gave
I trouble some years ago, but those
who now are using 1t have over
come these troubles. u Is not ga
much the lightncss of the aluminium
which IL desirable, but the fact that
! II conducts the heat to the watel
| Jackets more rapidly.
! There are more engines with
| nickel and tungsten valves than
I before. In few years We shall
| hear more about the new valve
meta cobalt chrome The mnt"ri
lat has the characteristic Of getting
| harder IA 1t gets hotter, so that
| the more the valve is used In hot
| cylinder the less the tendency for
y INV Nl'hh ~ Nhl ~ hIN'A N'H' if'''
| to heat Tho trouble. however, lies
| In making the valves, because they
| are difficult to cut ana they cost
more,
Cooling systems are relatively
whore thvy were last year. Thcr,
/ are GS2 per cent. OF the chassis with
| pump cooled engines and the re
maindcr with syphoniC cooling
/ The details NJ The system this y"1I
are better, Cooling areas have h"'r
. extended IN many eases su thai
valve heads and spark plugs are
, cared for better Above all, NOR,
engineers are beginning TO apprcci
ate the extreme value To the oWn"'
Of some means ut water or all
control sp that engine tempcratur,
will quickly reach normal and re
main there ThCrmustntS are more
general. and shutters are used ir
/ the same ears as last year.
The following ears use eithcl
radiator shutters or q thermostat IL
the water line: Cadillac, Colonial
Columbia. Cunningham, Ferris Ior
dan, kcnwurthy Lafayette, leN!ng
tom. Mitchell Monroe, Packard
raiEc. Pierce, Premier, Stevcns-Dur
yea, Studrbaker, light six only, au'
MCst,ot.
Fuel handled Bcttcr.
There !s not a car ON the markc
this year which does not take bot
ter care OF the fnal mixture. som,
makers, notably those In the lower
price chassis, are reiuCtAut to MAX
"a change because II iutcTfcres Will
production, but generally speaking
the intake man,tulds are FAR better
No,-spots aud totally heated intake
are mans ot causing the fuel mlNtur
leo attain a high heat quickly AT
certain point IN their travel o
through their entire travel iron
yarhur,tur to combustion chamhcr
The reason is easy to see, since ~ ~
heat is applied much of the mix
.ture passes into the engine in Tn
form of Nllid drops and this moan
ia waste ul fuel reduced power
moro carbon and poor engine per
rouuauDr. Tho majority of de-
.-,gncrs use cNh1usl-hclicJ mani
folds. either jaokotnE the mani
fold through It's length or else oyc
a certain area, depending upon IA
design of the part, I'm addition {
this heating much of tho manifold
inc Is inside the tNIiv1pr tlStiOl