The Washington herald., 1921-09-25
DENLY DECLARES
U,S.E DEFICIENT
I'm SUBMARINES
Secretary Urges Building
OF Undersea Craft to
Strengthen Navy.
lcon,insed from Paae one.

~ and radius of action. their
naxinum cruising radius varying
rom 5000 to 10000 miles. The S
lass -sis divided into three types
The Holland type. the Lake type
md tbe. government type. The last
named is the FIRST attempt of the
yovernrnent at submarine design
md cdnstruction. Only one sub
marine of each Of these types was
originally authorized in order TO
determine a standard type for this
Iize Of submarine, but due to the
entrance Of the United States into
he vorld war. additional subma-
ines of the Holland type were au-
:horized before they could be tried
,ut In service. The engines of the
Holland type submarines have
proved unreliable and unsatisfac-
.ory as at present designed, with
he result that the completion OF
.hirty%one OF our S boats is being
delayed pending changes to their
main engines necessary to fuinIl
Iervice requirements.
The three submarines Of the T
lass are fleet submarines with a
iesignsd surface speed OF twenty
Inots. These vessels were built as
IN experiment. being the largest
sver undertaken by this govern
nent. They are not considered a
Tuccess for their designed purpose
" accompanying the battle neet
because Of the unreliability OF
heir engines and their small tor
Dedo armament
The three submarines of the v
lass now under con-truction are
he latest word in Diesel eneine-
tiriven feet submarines. These
,ubmarines were ds-ioned by the
government and Gre being built at
he navv ward. Portsmouth, n. H."
Deserves Development.
Secretary Denby after careful
consideration has reached the con-
.lusion that the submarine is a
weapon deserving serious consid-
ration and Development
in all OF the sea operations Of
he world war the submarine fig-
lred as the real and persistent
attacking force Of the enemy.
avs the Secretary. Not until met
W the superior handling Of con-
,oys. the superb seamanship. and
he pczzling Zig-zag OF the United
states navy mapned ships and the
Elective destroyer defense. did 1t
ease TO be a menace.
The steRlthy undersea craft. able
o attack both on the surface and
irbr,ar-ed. proved its treacherous
.ffectfvenesS as a weapon of war
{ sea-. II had to be reckoned with
rom the DAYS prior to our entry
nto the war when the United
;,ates navN"s gun crews first
bowed their telling Workmanship
rom the decks of merchant yes
els. In later days splendid ma
teuverinE and viEilant lockout
llade It work more danEerous,
,riIa finally no greater defensive
rhud proved r1ore successful than
%. mine barrs.se.
Has Place as Weapon
"SuG in the face Of this the sub
.u.rine now in tie cool and caIcu-
ated study OF sea attacks. takes
* place as a definite weapon of
he see force. orc to be considered
~ a.fy plan for national defense.
y tho lessons that have come from
he. war much has been learned Of
fndersea ships that now calls for
xpcrfrreutaI AMI development pur-
roses in the future. building OF
his ts-re Of navy craft for the
-nited States"
rs subuna lines are not self-sus-
aiming Il is necessary to provide
ending facilities for them. such as
place for the personnel to live,
at and sleep when not at sea
.ruisinE. a place tu replenish sup
lilies and 70 effec- reuairs.
All nations AT present" saws
dr. DENLY. "havs assigned large
mother srins to do this work or
ave provided bases on. shore. to
he piers of which submarines can
,ecure and obtain rest from the
atigue Of a long cruise at sea
rhe United States navy has now
light submarine tenders in COM
mission. three Of which are OF lit
lie value as such. due to their
mall size. Submarine bases are at
Few London. Conn: Hampton
Roads. Va: Coco Solo. Canal Zone:
ian Pedro. Cal. and Pearl Harbor,
Hawaii. Other b"ses contemplated
vouId be situated at Cape May.
"a; Kew West. Fla: Astoria,
)reg.:. Guam and Cavite.
AT present the later submarines
re operating with a fair degree
f effcie1cy-
DEVELOPMENT Difficult.
Much criticism has been di-
ected at the United States submh-
Inc service, which is in a measure
Unjust In time past great dif1-
tity was had with the material
eatures Of the submarines. esUe-
tally surface motive power. The
.evelopInent of a Diesel engine has
teen very slow in the United States.
lue to the fact probably, that the
iemand for such a type of engine
Ias not been great.
Great progress in design and
development of this engine was. of
curse, made by Great Britain and
ontinental countries during the
var. United States engineers have
,rofted by this. and surface mo-
i've units are being manufactured
" different companies, which give
.romise OF satisfactory results.
he two companies in the United
.tates which have built submarines
or the United States government
re the Electric Boat Company and
he Lake Boat Torpedo Company.
sasic patents covering certain fea-
ures OF submarine construction are
teld by both companies"