davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-09-11
Question of Language Bitter;
FIemings Opposing Use of French

Most of their discord centres around the
question OF language. The official tongue
of Belgium is French. 1t is also the Ian
Flemish are opposed. They claim that il
deprives them of self-expression and retards
their progress as a race.
The Germans, to foster this feeling in
augurated a Flemish university shortly be-
fore the end of the war, but the project
came to nothing with their withdrawal from
the country. The women are about equally
divided with the men in this controversy
The war, however, left one good legacy
1t taught a portion of the women to do
organized work in contrast to the old
methods of the Lady Bountiful From
France, where the Government had asked
the American Y. w. c. A. to establish CEN
tres for the munition workers, Belgium
learned of its activities and after the armis-
tice the Y. w. G. A. was invited to come
here and start their work.
There now four of their centres in
Belgium, and the work has a novel relation
to the Belgians scarcely comprehensive for
the more advanced women of England and
America. 1t is practically pioneer. Until
the armistice an independent organization
for welfare work among women was almost
unknown and there is a great spirit OF
gratitude to the American Y. w. G. A. work
ers who inaugurated this movement
The secretary of the centre in Brussels is
a young woman of the leisure class, whose
The New York herald., 1921-09-11

father owns large concessions in the Congo.
Her life before the was the secluded
and limited existence of the Belgian woman
of her kind. She laughingly told us, to
illustrate the atmosphere from which she
had broken away, that when she went out
unattended from her fathers house to post
a letter to her sister at the office just across
the narrow street she was severely lectured
by her family for having committed a
serious indiscretion.
1t is against such traditional restrictions
as this that the Belgian women have made
all their advances of the last few years,
struggling not only against long established
customs and prejudices but against the
inertia Of the women themselves. They were
bound by long habitude into an inferior
position, both In social and In political life.
This struggle has been all the more difficult
because the war did not open the immense
field Of work for women that il did In other
countries. In the complete upsetting OF
normal conditions OF invaded and pros
trate nation there was no work even for the
men. There could. therefore. be no CO.
ordnated effort or organization among the
women under such circumstances.
The New York herald., 1921-09-11
Hope TO Finish Rebuilding Some
Time Within Next Five Years

The devastated area Of Flanders embraces
a territory OF 10000 hectares 100000
acres); of this area 10000 hectores (2S0,O0O
acres) has already been reclaimed for agri-
cultural purposes.
The Ministry of Agriculture estimates that
the total process of soil reclamation will
have been completed In the year 1922 The
traveller through Flanders Is tom between
The New York herald., 1921-09-11

having been elected to the position in her
commune of Echevin of Public Instructions,
or head of the school board-being the first
woman to occupy an administrative official
position in this country!
1t is a privilege TO Nine. Brigode in
her home. Pioneer she has been for
women's rights, no more lovely example of a
mother and homemaker could be found.
Surrounded by their sons and daughters, she
and her husband lead vivid discussion on all
the varied aspects of Belgian politics.
Both sons served throughout the war, and
the daughters being brought up with so
much interest and part in public matters
that they will doubtless become as impor-
tant to the community as is their mother
1t appears that the extension of COM
munal suffrage to women here created
paradoxical situation among the established
political parties. The majority of the female
population belong to the Roman Catholic
Church The clerical-or Catholic and re-
actionary-party, thinking that the women's
vote would be at their command were in
favor of their enfranchisement. The two
progressive parties, on the same assumption,
voted against the women.
To the surprise os all three parties the
women's vote. cast for the first time at
the last communal elections. was progress
sve. The liberal party. which expected to
be crushed, lost little ground and, while
the cericals gained some advantage, it was
by no means a great one. The socialists
polled the lowest number of votes.
The intelligent women tell us that the
most acute problem to-day is the disaffection
between the Flemish and the Walloon
divisions of the population.
Some people term Flanders the Ireland
of Belgium The Flemish--or F'lamands--
speak one of the many varieties of the
old Saxon tongue, while the Walloons, as
did their forefathers, speak an ancient dia-
lect of French These two races have lived
here, in the Low Countries" for centuries.
but II served the purpose of the German
invaders. with the idea of diUide CT tmpera
TO stimulate their differences and antagon-
isms As a legacy from the invasion there
Is at present serious friction between these
two factions I'm the body polite
The New York herald., 1921-09-11
rs SHARE IN THE RENAISSANCE OF BEL GUM


~ md he H draws pde right
is alacnrkng in hshed factory
The New York herald., 1921-09-11
Tireless Industry
Shown by Every
Class Is Reflected in
Bumper Crops, Re-
stored Homes and
Prosperous Farming
and Manufacturing
Centres

THIS is the fourth of a series
! of articles By Mrs. Borden
a Hartman, a0ho is abroad
studying the post-aoar conditions
of women. The noted sociologist
IN the first three discussed the
situation IN Great Britain. Her
conclusions, published in The Neao
York Herald Magazine last Sunday,
mere that the outlook for the dd-
vamce of English aCOmeaa aoas bright
as result of the democracy groao-
ing ont Of a0or aoork. To-day's
analysis of the Belgian conditions
is hopeful, too, but hardly as
optimistic. Nert Sunday Mrs.
Hartman aOiU take up the condi-
tiom of aoomen IN the occupied
Rhinelard.
The New York herald., 1921-09-11
BY MRS. BORDEN HARTMAN.

Special Correspondence to THE NEW YORK
HERALD
BRUSSELS, Aug. 80.
T HE proverbial suddenness with which
nations overrun by warning enemies
revive themselves is nowhere better
illustrated than in Belgium. This small
country, which produces only sufficient food
to supply the needs of one-fifth of it's
teeming population, has achieved a remark
able degree of agricultural reconstruction.
From Ostend to Brussels the scene is one
of continuous activity The harvest season
is at hand. Cereal crops have matured from
three to four weeks in advance of normal
years. The checkered fields of yellow grain
interspersed with blossoming clover sugar
of unusual charm.
Women working beside men in the har-
vest fields are commonly seen. The average
pay is from twelve to thirteen francs a
day, and the women who work on farms
share in this wage. Frequently, however
the women who are employed away from
the home farm are on the piecework basis
The distinction of family superiority in
favor of the men still exists.
On the Sabbath day The men dress in
approved style. while the women remain in
their working clothes and stand ready to
wait upon their masters.
There are many evidences, nevertheless,
that the women of Belgium, like those of
all the world. are striving toward better
things Not the least among these is the
nSfl of for lii,
and farming exclusively for women. The
ideaism of the Minister of Agriculture, the
Hon. Paul de Vuyst, has taken practical
form in, this excellent institution
Place Run Without Servants,
Students Doing All the Work
Situated on an old estate near the royal
palace of Laeken. 1t offers every inducemeflt
in the way of happy and aesthetic environ
ment. The principal Mr.. Lindermans, who
has studied at Amherst College in the United
States, takes great pride in the fact that at
Laeken they run servantless house. The
students. to train them for emergencies as
housewives learn through practical expert
ence to do every branch of domestic work
Through gardening, cattle breeding dairy
work. cheese making and poultry raising the
girls are increasing their love of the soil
and being fitted to be farmers wives and
teachers in rural communities. The only
qualification in the praise Of the college by
those who believe in womans rights as dis
tinguished from woman's privileges is that
II is an institution for women entirely run
by men.
In the last six months the women have
won the right to vote in the communal cleo
tions throughout Belgium. and they will not
cease their struggle until they have also
achieved the provincial and legislative fran
chises-these three classes Of suffrage
roughly corresponding to municipal,
State and national
Nine. Brigode suffrage leader in Belgium
worked quietly and tenaciously for years
before the movement was recognized by
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Experts Reach Agreement
Early This Morning After
Two Days Wrang|e
Provides for Annuities
on Sliding Scale of
From Two to Six Bill
lion Gold Marks Over
Period AZ Years -
Also 121a30 Tax on
German Exports

Paris, Jan. 29-The session of. the
committee of experts of the allied
supreme council ended at 1890
o'clock this morning after having
reached a complete agreement on
the system of annual reparations by
Germany and annuities on Germany's
foreign trade.
1t now remains only for the plenary
sitting of the supreme council today
Saturday to endorse the agreement,
draw up instructions for the Brus-
sells experts and fix penalties for de-
faults by Germany.
Premier BRAND declared as he
came out from the meeting that the
conference OF the supreme council
would not break up without having
reached a definite decision
The proposed scheme provides for the
payment of annuitieS on a sliding scale
of from 2,00G, 100000 to 6.n0O, 900, 900
gold marks over a period of probably
q years and also a IL IL per cent. ad
valorem tax on German exports, SO that
her creditors will be paid according to
Germany's increasing prosperity.
The sudden ironing out of differences
Continued on Page 5-Col. 81
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Calder and Coal Head
Differ on Amount
PEOPLE Cheated Out of

Washington, Jan. 2S-StatementS
by Senator Calder, Republican, New
York. that the public was "mulcted
ont of a billion and a half dollars
during the 1920 coal shortage was
characterized as Outrageous and be-
low the dignity of any senator" to-
day by Thomas H. Watkins, presi-
dent Of the Pennsylvania Coal and
Coke Corporation.
Testifying before the Senate COM
mittee considering the Calder bill to
regulate the coal industry Mr.. Wat
kins said he had gathered statistical
reports on high priced coal sold dur
ing 1920, and that "600,000,o00 is the
utmost figure that could be placed on
the coal which might have been open
to profiteering."
The Calder bill. Mr.. Watkins as
serted, grew "out of a hysterical
frame of mind, the feeling that some
body must be punished, and the de-
sire to make political capital"
Opponents of the bill too all the
time today but Chairman LaFollette
of the manufactures committee, hold
ing the hearings announced that the
sessions would be closed Commit
tee members supporting the measure
expect to secure next week a major
ity report favorable to the bill, with
some notifications of its taxation
clauses and will endeavor to get a
vote upon it in the Senate at this
session.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Milk Half-Cent .
Cheaper to Hub
Dealers Feb. |

Boston, Jan. 2S.-The farmers will
reduce the price of milk half a cent
quart in the Boston market If the
dealers will pass the cut along to the
consumers. The state commission on
the neceSsarieS of life received a COM
munication to this effect today from
the New England Milk Producers AS
ISOLATION which proposed that the re-
duction be made Feb. 1. The associa-
tion's action followed a survey of the
costs of production that was begun
when farmers in other sections of the
country reduced the price a month ago.
The attitude of teh dealers has not
been learned by the commits sion yet.
They recently reduced the retail price
from 174 to II cents a quart.
Later the producers association an
nounced that the half cent reduction
would go into effect Feb. l regardless
of the action of the dealers. This will
make the price to the dealers nine
cents a quart instead of 81 and will
mean to the farmer at the barn II
cents, freight and handling charges
accounting for the other cent and
three-quarters. A reduction Of one
cent became effective Jan. l.
Leading distributors announced to-
night that they would give the consum-
ers the benefit of the one per cent. re-
duction in the price of milk to be paid
by them to the producers next month.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Washington Awaits Note

Washington, Jan. 2S-(By the Asso-
ciated Press)-The reply of Japan to the
American governments Langdon note
announced in Toxic dispatch of yes
terday's date as having forwarded to
Washington is regarded by officials here
as a new communication and not the
brief reply received by the state de-
partment through the Japanese embassy
Wednesday.
The note mentioned in the Toxic dis
patch, if 1t be new communication had
not been received tonight when the
state department offices closed. The
note received Wednesday was very
brief and state department officials at
that time said amounted to little more
than an acknowledgment of the receipt
OF the American governments COM
munication.
The United States in it's note concern
ing the killing at Vladivostok of Lieu
tenant w. II. .Langdon, American naval
officer, by a Japanese sentry did not
bring up the question of Japanese &C.
cupation of Siberia, it was learned to-
day. Thew Jews of the American gov
eminent on that question however, have
been put forward in previous COM
munications.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Bay State Coal Men
Warned to Keep
Price Reasonable

Boston, Jan. 28-Coal retailers in
this state who persist either through
"wilfulness or ignorance" in charg-
ing unreasonable and eXorbitant
prices were warned today by Fuel
Administrator Eugene c. huffman
that definite action" would be taken
in each case where excessive prices
were asked.
In letter to the dealers Mr.. Hult-
man said that as a result of a re-
quest from his office for expeditions
movement of coal to $50 communities
where it was badly needed, relief
had been generally furnished prompt
ly. Dealers in 81 communities, he
said, had reported that they had been
unable to reduce retail prices con-
sistently.
A retail price of more than SIS a
ton is generally regarded as excess
sive by the administrators Office,
although no definite mark can be set
because of local conditions. In
some cases profiteering may be said
to evist if more than SIT is charged,
officials asserted.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
MONEY COMMITTEE
OF HOUSE PROPOSES
FURTHER ARMY CUT
Would Make Regular Standing
Force of 150,O0O-Milita
Committee Against Further
Reduction - $4,000 Agreed
Upon BY Both Houses Be-
lieved Low Enough-Pres-
ident's Action Uncertain

Washington, Jan. 2S.-Storm warn
ings were up in the House today over
proposals of the appropriations com
mittee to pare the regular army down
to 100000 men.
The appropriation bill making pro-
vision for that number during the next
fiscal year was reported by Chairman
Anthony of an appropriations sub-com-
mittee, but it was indicated that Re-
publican members of the military
committee planned to fight it out on
the floor.
Several members asserted their UNI
willingness to accept further reduction
below the $4,000 figure fixed by
House and Senate recently in a resolu-
tion which reached the White House
today for consideration of the presi-
dent.
Under the resolution which directs
that recruiting be stopped until the
present enlisted strength of more than
100000 gets down to 175,000 the ar
my would not reach the lower strength
in the normal course before next Sep
TENDER. The proposed cut to 10000
however, would presumably leave the
war department without funds or au-
thority to maintain a force in excess
of that number after June 90.
There was speculation among army
officials today as to what action Pres
ident Wilson will take on the $4,000
resolution. In some quarters 1T was
thought he might let it go back to
Congress without his signature to be.
come law at the expiration of II
days. expressing dinnest to the plan
in that way. 1t was admitted. how.
ever, that no indication had been seer
as to the attitude Mr.. Wilson would
take.
Chairman Kahn of the military com.
mittee said he believed it would be a
mistake tc cut the army below $4,000
at this time.
In reference to Repres entative An.
thongs statement yesterday thai
President-elect Harding favors the
10000 figure, Representative Kahr
said that in his conference at Marion
he got the impression that Mr.. Hard
ing regarded that step as advisable
ultimately" but not at once.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29

Philadelphia, Jan. 2S.--William p.
Brines was acquitted today of the,
charge Of killing Elmer c. Drewes.
The University of Pennsylvania
sophomore was freed on the ground
! that insufficient evidence had been
submitted to connect him with the
Dartmouth seniors death.
Judge Ferguson. before whom the
| case was tried, in his charge to the
jury pointed out that no evidence had
been submitted to prove that Brines
met Drewes on the day of his death:
that all evidence submitted against
! the defendant was circumstantial:
that only one witness told anything
of the automobile alleged to belong to
Brines, which was found abandoned
/ in Germantown, and that she admit
ted being very nervous at the time, 1t
| was possible that she had been mis-
taken in the car.
! The judge acded that it was pos
sible that some one else might have
had the car on the night of the al
legged murder; that Dfewes might
have committed suicide and some one
might have taken the body to the
spot where it was found on October
III
He therefore directed the Jury to
/ bring in verdict of not guilty on the
bill charging murder and upon the
manslaughter bill as WELL The fore
man said it had been unanimously
decided by the jury last night at the
close of the prosecutions case to ac-
/ quit Brines. =
| The action was followed by a COM
motion in the court room. A momen-
tary silence, abruptly broken by
gasps. hysterical feminine laughs,
and noisy moving of chairs was fol-
lowed by sharp demands for order
| by court attendants. Mrs. Annie
Brines, the widowed mother of the
accused student, wept. 800"
This is the .happiest moment of my
life," she exclaimed as she kissed her
son. they have given me my boy.
God has been good to me. I know
my boy and / know his conscience
and / know that he did not kill Ell
mer."
Brines' spell of reserve, which he
has maintained since the trial began
on Monday, dropped from him. He
impulsively threw his arms about his
mothers shoulders and wept. Exon
Continued on Page 5-coI. y
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
New Legislation

Allen of York-Resolve appro-
priating $435,000 for the support OF
the five State Normal schools and
the Madawaska Training school for
the next two and one-half years.
Gillin of Penobscot-Resolve APP
propritaing $4,000 for the erection Of
granite memorial monument on the
site of the Pilgrim trading post the
place of their principal resources on
the east side of the Kennebec river
on the land owned and occupied by
the Pilgrims of the Mayfower for a
whole generation. The money is to
be expended under the direction of
the Governor and Council.
Parent of oscoggin-Resolve
appropriating $4,000 for the care
and treatment of the ST. Mary's Gen.
eral hospital for persons who are in
need of the same and are unable to
pay for 1t.
Parent of oscoggin-Resolve
appropriating $4,000 for the care
and treatment at the Central Maine
General hospital for persons who are
to pay for 1t.
Parent or NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. Z
appropriating $4,000 for the care and
education of orphans dependent and
neglected children at the Girls Or
phanage in Lewiston.
Parent of Androscoggin--Resolve
appropriating $4,000 for the care of
orphans, dependent and neglected
children at the Healy Asylum in
Lewiston.
Clement of Waldo-Act to amend Sec
ton 80. Chapter SO. Revised Statutes,
relating to mill waste deposited in
lakes and ponds, correcting the name
Continued on Page 5-CoI. -
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-01-29
Keeping U. S. Dry
More Deadly Than
War Saws Wheeler

Washington, Jan. 2S.-The mortality
rate among prohibition agents is high
er than that of the Word War. Wayne
Is. Wheeler. Anti-SaIoon League coun-
sci, declared today before a Senate
appropriations committee in urging
better pay for them.
He said their work was being made
more dangerous "by the wet propa-
ganda now in circulation to encour-
age lawbreakers."
Fewer than one-half of one per
cent of the men under arms in the last
war lost their lives" he said. "A
larger percentage of the men who do
the field work in gathering this evil
dence have been killed.
when an organized attack is made
against the enforcement of law, neith-
er money nor effort should be spared
to uphold the law