davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
Italian Election Today Means
Naming of Chamber to Put
End to Anarchy and Roting

faith OF the groups and parties
among themselves weakened them
in regard TO the ministry. And thus
il happened that they did not dare
TO ask for a greater firmness and
vigor from the ministry in the gov
ernment of the country. and that IL
should strangle in its cradle this
middle ages a la nitroglycerine
which is raging in all the old
towns Of the Peninsula
The determination Of all the So
nialists would serve no end IL the
new chamber should be like the old
me in this respect There are only
two ways OF salvation; either a new
group must be formed in the cham
Der which is so strong and COM
pact as TO be able to support the
government by itself. or there must
be a truce and an accord between
the other groups, each one discard
ing the things that divide them in
order that they may work together
on things that are urgent
VIII Have No Dictator.
II is not improbable that Premier
Giolitti will make an attempt TO re-
constitute around himself the pre-
dominating group which he succeed
ed in constituting in 1904. There is
more than one sign that Giolitu is
little behind with the calendar
nay be mistaken. but IL seems 70
ne very unlikely that in 1874 uni
ersal suffrage viii delegate thc-
ems of power to a persona c.cts-
tor who is supported by @ q nts...
The only thing thaJ rem nE. aLc1,
is the accord between the IS
but is this possibi a -. a1-II &. =. h'3-'
II ought to be possible. but II it
is to be brought about. il seemk to
me that the very opposite way ought
10 be taken to that along which the
various parties and groups appear
20 be finging themselves tumultu-
ourly today. hastily throwing up
national blockades in opposition
against the Socialists. Each group
ought to go down alone into the
electoral arena
says Accord Must Follow.
The accords ought to be made af-
terwards, in parliament between
the groups elected. each with its
program.
In the midst Of many inconven-
fences, this is the real advantage Of
the proportional vote. 1t is, only
when they have measured their
forces in the electoral struggle that
the various groups and parties will
be able to come TO a logical accord
in parliament, because then every
one would know what is the real
strength OF each in the country, and
therefore there would he an exact
knowledge OF the sacrifice that each
group and party would have %
make in the interests Of concord. the
groups and parties which have the
smallest following having 10 give
way the most and 20 exact the
least.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
Europe Welcomes America to
Councils That Aim at
World Peace.

pect. but il is the only way to
avert the approaching calamity.
Meanwhile the future of Great Brit
ain is bound up with the person
ality of its prime minister. This
astonishing man. still fresh and
vital after years of enormous
strain. has swung right away from
advanced liberalism and has lsfi-
nitely bound himself to the con-
servative party. His sense of
brain. prevent him from adopting
all the traditions of that caste.
He is aware that the necessity for
economy is so great and the need
of peace within the empi,e so ur-
gent that he must restrict the i'm
perial ambitions Of men like Win
ston Churchill and Lord Curzon and
modify the intolerance of Tory
minds who wish to smash labor In
all its strongholds at whatever
cost and that above all he must
make peace with Ireland.
Ready to Agree on Ireland,
1t is certain that he is now
ready to agree to dominion home
rule for Ireland and that he has
appointed several agents to nego-
tiate privately between leaders of
the Sim Fein and Ulster. He will
disavow them II they fail, accord
ing to the privilege of all great
leaders.
The pressure OF public opinion in
england has grown too strong to
oe ignored. and from all quarters
Lloyd George Is being pressed to
make a most generous offer to
ireland and call of martial law,
proVioed the Sim Fein agrees to
cease nre and accept self govern
ment within the empire.
Moderate Irish people who have
sunereo long In agony between the
iorces OF terror and counter-terror
would certainly welcome peace on
these terms. and Ulster which is
sunering from the ruin Of its trades
Is no longer irreconcilable,
Unfortunately fanatics on botn
sides will struggle to prevent a
settlement between Eamonn de va
lera and Sir James Craig and other
leaders on both sides.
Eager for World Pence.
Premier Lloyd George, as han
pen to know. Is anxious to clear
the political situation in England
Of all internal and immediate trou-
BILE in order to devote himself 10
the European settlement which =.
now of increasing gravity. The
British place in the world depends
on that settlement urgently and the
responsibilities of the empire are
becoming more critical.
Once again all idealists and in
deed most realists in Europe loo,,
to the United states for council and
judicial help. Hen action in the
recent crisis over the German repa-
rations has been warmly appiauded
by allied countries, and the chance
of having her representatives In
future discussions and cecisions
gives great hope that the age Of
reason will prevail over passionate
unrealities and that the extremists
on all sides viii be disarmed by the
moderate influence OF a great and
impartial power.
(copyrixht. lssiS
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15

complete military autocracy as die
tator in her alliance with Belgium.
Poland, Hungary. and the anti
Russian states.
Recall Glory Of France.
At the present time there is a
group of men in France of great in
tellectual ability on rather narrow,
old-fashioned lines inspired by his
torical memories which go back
further than Napoleon-as far back,
indeed. as the glory Of France under
Louis XIV. Marshal Foch and some
of the other generals in the late
war are under the spell of this ira
dition and among the French
masses there undoubtedly has been
an awakening of the old and almost
forgotten claims to the right bank
of the Rhine and political suprem-
acy far beyond the frontiers of
1870.
AS a lover of France. l do not be-
grudge her this new sense Of exal-
tation after victory. this conscious
ness of power over a brutal enemy,
this determination to make the most
of her present advantage for the
good and the glory of France.
Raises War Spectre.
But l see great danger in her
nresent policy because of her ex-
haustion in man power, her pow
erty. the general need of economic
recovery in Europe, and above all
because IL raises again the spectre
of future wars which are inevitable
II once the power of the sword
drops from her hands-as one day
IT must-and IL other incalculable
forces now on the move break down
her system of alliances.
Poland, for instance, is an ever
present danger and in her recent
actions in Upper Silesia is already
threatening to smash the treaty of
Versailles, which gave her freedom.
BRAND, representing France. is
willing to take all those risks.
Lloyd George. representing Eng
land, Is unwilling to give unlimited
support to a policy which might in
volve US all in another European
conflict and might finally destroy
the chance Of world industrial re-
covery and almost certainly would
secure the prestige of France at the
cost of Great Britain's own place
and power in the league Of nations.
Puts Strain on Friendship.
Here then we get the tug of war
between the two sets of ideas which
is already putting a strain upon the
friendliness of two peoples to the
enormous grief of all who believe in
maintaining the entente cordiale
for which so many OF our comrades
died. The gravity Of this crisis was
acute during the London confer
ence and a painful situation was
only averted by the genius for COM
promise which Lloyd George pos
sesses. But beneath the surface
is an open secret to the Germans,
who, with their usual cunning, Will
between the two sets of ideals which
/ see no way out of this dificult
problem than by a victory of new
ideals cutting clean across the old
traditions of imperial rivalry be-
tween England and France. De-
mocracy in both countries is led by
intellectual leaders able to call tc
the reason rather than the passion
of peoples who must decide upon
q closer union for economic inter
ests and who must regard the re-
covery of Europe as a general
problem rather than as Tom
riddler's ground Of separate inter-
ests and rivalries.
Perhaps that is too much to ex-
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
FLANDERS POPPIES
SENT TO AMERICA
French War Orphans Make
Blossoms for U. s. Me-
mortal Day.

Five million poppies, replicas of
he red flowers that blow in Flan-
lers fields" have arrived in America
% be worn by Americans on Mem
lrial Day in commenoration of the
allen heroes of the late war. The
iowers, most OF which were made
BY French war Orphans, will be sent
Dy the American-Franco Children's
league, Madison avenue, New York
sity. to many patriotic societies
throughout the country for distribu-
son on Memorial Day.
"a The American-Franco Children's
League. which Is he only official
american branch of La Iigue Ameri-
aIne Franchise des Enfants, of
Paris. has been Endorsed by the Ma
.8onai Information Bureau. Nine
hillerand. wife of the president of
ne French Republic, Is president of
Re French League and the Rev. DR..
acrbert Shipman, prominent New
gork clergyman, OF the American
,rSneh. Col. r. II. Tyndall. national
.reesurer OF the American Legion,
also national treasurer Of the
ea que.
The proceeds of the poppy sales
Illi kO " LhC AEaBuC Aoh NhC
orItion Of conditions among chill
ren in the war-torn areas. innocent
,ictims Of the war. The league Is
clearing house for relief work
nnong French childfen and num-
.srs among It's members men and
romen prominent IN the philanthro-
A. activities Of both nations.
The Flanders poppy has been Sc
s~ted as the memorial flower be-
ause It has been said by so many
n represent the soul Of the dead"
-<TE1s irnmortaiizec In verse BY
-&r @rcr.e It's adoption as tbs
<--..'<I<L 4 Day flower viii serve =
<<<<>-< otrposs--the ecmmemors-
. = ~. <1e dead. the relief of chill
<<< IN E-41tt and he Tightening
ne bonds of friendship Between
ran<s1and America.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
Finds American Position
Of Isolation Impossible
To Maintain Much Longer

those directly at stake. Moreover,
In returning to Europe we are TAX
ing . step which will hardly be re-
traced in our national history. We
are accepting for a second time and
through the administration of an
other political party. the role OF q
world power In a sense which was
hardly to be conceived Of. before
1914.
Question OF Lsans-
There In another aspect OF the
question OF European participation
which cannot be blinked. Under
the decision OF the reparations
commission Germany is now to
utter many billions Of bonds. pro-
yided that she finally decides to
submit to, the allied ultimatum.
These bonds are TO be distributed
among her creditors. Great Britaih
and France mainly. But IL these
bonds are TO have immediate value
for the French. who need money
acutely, the American market is the
only place in which II Is even con.
ceivable that they can be sold.
Again. there IL the old question OF
the cancellation of the loans, which
is bound to rise in any interna-
tional council. which is discussing
ways and means Of restoring nor
malcy" in the business world
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
TEST AIR ATTACKS
ON SHIPS JUNE 2l
Former German Vessels Will
Be Sunk in Army and
Navy Practice.

Using the former German war
ships as targets, army and navy
fiers will demonstrate the eniciency
OF air attacks on moving vessels:
starting June 81, the Navy Depart
ment announced yesterday.
The tests will be OF a very search
ing nature, covering the ability Of
aircraft to locate vessels operating
in the coastal zones, the probabil-
tty Of hitting with bombs a vessel
under way and capable OF manouv-
ering, the damage to vessels result
ing from hits with bombs OF vari-
Gus heights. and the development OF
air tactics to be used in attacking
naval vessels.
The u. S. S. Iowa. controlled By
radio. will be used IN the 'rsearcn
by aircraft for vessels in the coast
al zone, 100 miles OF shore or
nearer" The tests will show how
quickly a fiier can sight a ship. To-
Gated within certain limits. and
communicate the information 20
allow defending planes TO bomb the
boat. Against the Iowa only dummy
bombs will be used 10 determine the
ability OF the planes TO register hits.
The ship Is TO be used later as a
moving target for the fleets big
guns.
The first OF the tests will be the
sinking Of one OF the captured Ger
man submarines. In this. as in the
other experiments. the army and
navy fiiers will cooperate.
Next will come the bombing tests
with one Of the ex-Germsn destroy
ers as the target.
Then will come the bombing sy
the navy and army aircraft OF the
ex-German cruiser Frankfurt" and
battleship -osteriesland." All Of
the ex-German ships are eventually
TO be sunk. IL not by bombs or gun
FIRE. by depth charges. The German
ships are being destroyed in con-
formity with the international
agreement by which they were OBJ
tained. The navy Is taking this
means Of determining the effect of
modern explosives on modern shipG
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
SEEKS AUTHORITY
FOR SILVER NOTES
Mellon Requests Permission 10
Print 1880 Sheets to Full
fill Banks Demands.

The demand for silver notes by
the banks OF the nation caused
Secretary Mellon 10 submit to Con-
gress yesterday a supplemental es-
timate, asking authorization TO
print 1880 sheets OF silver certifi-
ca:r ;-~ited States notes. With the
estimate was another naming $751;
26250 as the amount to complete
the work.
These estimates were made for
the fiscal year ending June 30. 1921,
bringing the total number of sheets
for the past year up to $4,000. 900.
No reserve is held by the Treasury
Department.
An estimate for a quantity of
notes of lower denomination would
have been presented, but inability
to care for the work by the depart
ment made this insdvisable, since a
part of the bonds previously sub
mitted were withdrawn in order
that the present consignment could
receive attention and be put
through.
The number of sheets TO be re-
Quested in the next fiscal year, Il
was stated, would approximate lse,-
100000.
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15

agreement or obligation. We may
be sure that the constitutional
rights of the Senate will be protect
ed not only scrupulously but vol
UNFAIRLY. But what will the Senate
do in such a situation? Can there.
after all. be any limited membership
in that supreme council which must
deal with all sorts Of questions?
Problem Goes Deep.
In point Of fact the real problem
goes far deeper: Can there be any
real separation between economic
and political questions? Everyone
will agree that the gravest difficulty
in the whole reparations dispute
arose out OF the intermingling of
political with economic disputes.
There was a simple economic prob
lem, namely: How much can Ger
many pay? There was an answer
which, however mathematically in
exact, woud meet the Judgment Of
the financial experts OF the world.
But how could one reach this point
when the whole matter was be-
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15

deviIied by British political situ-
alton. . French political situation, q
oerman political situation7 And
now there II certain to be added
in tho future an American political
situation.
II seems to me. therefore. that it
would be Q mistake to attach too
little significance to the step which
Mr.. Hughes has taken with the
approval OF President Harding.
There is no hard and fast distinc-
tion to be drawn between political
and economic questions. II there IL
q world interdependence. economi-
cally speaking, the worst evils in
the existing economic situation
have q political origin. We are
not going back TO Europe simply
to share In economic discussions.
These discussions would be futile
n they led to no action. In tine
cast the supreme council has failed
almost without exception, when Il
has attempted by words to forbid
political actions contrary TO its
will. which patiently brought eco
nomic disorder.
Protects Interests.
Economic questions which have
political complications concern us
just as much as those which have
only economic circumstances. In
the last analysis there will be very
few economic questions which do
not force themselves upon the at
tention of the supreme council frst
and foremost because Of their po-
littcal details. In going back to
Europe We shall. willy-nilly, enter
the political as well as the eco
nomic fields. The best proof OF this
ls that while Mr.. Hughes was ex-
changing notes with Germany, he
was acting to- pAtect American
financial Interests. obviously to be
Affected by any military action, but
In reality he was dealing in the
world of high politics far more than
high finance.
In the last analysis. Il was the
war. not Mr.. Wilson. which ac-
tually "entangled" us in European
AFFAIRS. In rejecting the form of
entanglement which Mr.. Wilson
framed at Paris. the United States
did not transform the fundamental
fact. No sooner did a new admins
tration take office than II found that
IL must seek relief for profound de-
preston in American domestic
fields by associating itself with
other nations in the restoration of
stability and order in European
fields. But from the first moment
our representative sits with su-
preme council onward we shall find
that political conditions will claim
at least equal attention with eco
nomic and practically every eoo,
nomic question will have its poles
cal aspects.
Decision Logical
What is essential is that American
interests shall be kept forever in
view in the discussion of European
affairs. The decision to go back to
Europe is logical, IL repres nts the
accurate appreciation of truths
which could not be avoided. We
have billions invested in Europe and
we have billions represented in
products which must find a Euro
pean market. or none. The ques-
tion Mr.. Hughes has resolved is
whether we should protect these in
terests or aoandon them to the mer-
cy of a Europe. overwhelmed with
its own problems.
But the task of protecting our in
vestment carries with II very OBJ
vious political dangers. 1t will be
as easy to be involved in European
affairs now as IL was in 1918 and
1919 to the injury of American in
Ierests vastly more important than
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
Eng land Opposes French Desire for Supremacy
AS Challenge to Her Ideals, Says Philip Gibbs

few francs and some old shirts
and was embraced by Jean Jaures,
leader of the Socialists. who gave
him seat in the once OF the Hu-
mantle, the organ of revolutionary
labor.
Became Socialist Orator.
Here Briand became famous for
his journalistic attacks on the gov
ernment and. afterwards as tn ora
tor Of advanced socialism or syndi-
calism. He was the first to forge
the weapon of the general strike,
but, by a strange irony of fate, II
was used first against himself
when. for the sake of power, He
abandoned the ranks OF revolt and
took office under the government.
met him in Paris when his old
associates called a general strike to
drag him down. remember him
now as I faced him in the gilded
room Of the ministry across the
table where Napoleon once sat.
remember the humorous. cynical
look in his big. black eyes, and the
way in which he spoke of this men
ace to life and order in France. As
all the world knows, he killed the
strike by calling the men to the
colors under the penalty of death.
Lloyd George Also Radical.
How strangely like. the history of
Lloyd George! He was also a law
yer. also a journalist on advanced
radical papers, and then an orator
whose flaming attacks against capi-
tai and aristocracy and privilege
made him feared and hated by
those classes. Then, becoming a
member of the government and an
upholder of law and order, he has
now, within the last few days en-
tered definitely and openly into an
alliance with the most conservative
forces in England. as has Briand In
France. -"
Truly in the pages of history no
two personalities have been so
closely matched for a duel of rival
ideals upon which the fate of Eu-
rope depends.
For it is idle to pretend that there
Is not going to be that duel Of
ideals. 1t began at the London
conference when BRAND pressed FOR
an immediate execution of the men,
oie oeoihst "cTIHdny Dy march
into the Ruhr region May 1, ana
when Lloyd George by obstinate re-
sistance, persuasion and every
means Of argument. delayed that
advance in order to give Germany A
chance for acceptance of a final
ultimatum.
Sees Challenge to Englans.
II Is inevitable that in the near
future there will be a further trial
of strength between these two men
because the policy Of France which
BRAND represents. in its logical con-
clusions. Is antagonists and chal-
lenging to, the traditional Instincts
and interests of conservative Eng
land.
All students of English histor~
know that her foreign policy ma,
been directed for centuries to the
skillful support OF balance ~
power so that no nation in Eufooe
should overwhelmingly dominate ana
become a menace to the liberties a,
surrounding countries, Above ali.
imperial England has been iealous
OF any power which might interfere
with her interests and influence. in
the world of commerce. :.
Now 1t seems that France. In snit.
OF the ruin on her soil and her star
sering debts, Is making q bid for a
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15

fully revealed in
future memoirs"
and II n d ! s Gre
tions." The most
interesting drama
in the world to-
day is the conflict
of ideas between
f n & ] a n d a n d
France. due to vi
tai differences in
policy and tradi-
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15
Lloyd George and BRAND in
Duel for National Ira
diti0ns.
Especial Gable to Washington Herald. J
BY SIR PHILIP GIBBs'

7 oNDON. May 14.-Beneath the
surface of political events in
- Europe as recorded in the daily
press, a great deal of secret history
is being made which will only be
The Washington herald., 1921-05-15

SIR PHILIP GIBBs.tion, and conduct
ed with great skill, courtesy and
diplomacy by the statesmen of both
countries.
1t was summed up in the intel
lectual duel between the prime min
listers of England and France,
Lloyd George and NJ. BRAND, at the
recent London confePtace of Ger.
man reparations. These two men.
curiously alike in temperament and
history, and both representing the
national aspirations of their peo-
pies in this time Of a world crisis.
are not so much leaders and
pioneers of the new world which is
being made out Of the ruins Of
war, as men who carry on. despite
themselves, the old ideas which
have been at work in Europe for
centuries In that long struggle for
a balance Of power in Europe.
stirs NapoIeonic Ideas.
France. now under BRAND, .sees
herself supreme on the continent
and once again Napoleonic tradi-
tions have been reawakened. Eng
land, under Lloyd George, Is un-
easy. as she always has been in
hiSbOAy' IN INC presence OF any
other power claiming that su-
premacy. That is to say, the peo-
pie of the old tradition, 'aristo-
cratic and conservative in thought,
are stirred by those impulses of
ambition or resentment, though in
both countries many people are
looking ahead to quite new ideals
of international Relationship. and
more so in England than France.
IL In an extraordinary thing that
both Lloyd George and BRAND were
once leaders OF new ideals and are
now champions OF the old national
traditions. BRAND. life story runs
along the same lines as that of the
British premier
Defends Police slayer.
The son of humble parents of
Nantes in Brittany, he became a
lawyer in Paris. but could get no
briefs until he volunteered to de-
fend a wretched peasant who had
murdered policeman.
There Is no Defense" said the
peasant when BRAND spoke to him
in his prison cell. but the young
lawyer made such a speech for the
defense, exalting the peasant type
and denouncing the police as agents
OF tyranny. that France rocked
with excitement as the trial con-
tinued day by day. ~
BRAND went back to Paris with