davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
The Hartland Fair

With the leading horses coming I'M
der the wire almost abreast in the
z,25 race Friday afternoon at the fair
OF the East Somerset Agricultural So
e-ety at Hartland the judges had dim
Guilty In picking the winners and the
nve-heat event thrilled the most jaded
lair patrons. The bay gelding Stevie
Guy, driven by Morang, finished sec
ohu and third in the first and second
meats, respectively, but captured the
race by taking the next three straight.
me event was not finished until dark
Inc crowd ON the grounds was esti-
mate TO be between 1000 and 5000.
Inc midway was a big one and a
representative of the State agricul
tural department who was present
SAID that the hall exhibits were the
best that he had seen this year out
SIDE a State fair. The summary:
The summary.
2.l7 TROT AND PACE, PURSE 5000
Charles W, br (Worthem IL l l
Miss Peter Lincoln, br m per
klns) .................. 2
My Reward CHI m (Worthen) "a 3 4
May Below, CHI m (Bert) ......4 4 8
Time 2.1SR, 2.20, 2.20
2.15 TROT AND PACE, PURSE 5000
Stevie Guy b (Morang) q l l
Modotte, br m (Wheeler) 3 2 2 2
Dora Mack, b IN (Bowden) Il 4 Z 4 a
Sister Todd, bl m IClukey) 2 3
Lycone, Big (Perkins) .....6 ro
Cochato Girl, b m (Nelson) 6 ro>
Time-2.23h, 2.22h 2.231a, 2.21k,
222.
2.29 TROT AND PACE, PURSE $3.50
Peter j., b (Clukey) ........2 l 1 l
Barlotta, b m (Palmer) ....1 2 3 2
Yuvon Patch. b M (Hubbard) 3 3 2 3
DR.. Mckinney, bl & (Wheeler) 2 4 4 4
Time 2512. 2.251a, 2,2S 2.27R.
Saturday was the closing day of the
fair.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
Books Compiled by ChautauQua
Speaker

Many local people were greatly in
Ierested in the lecture delivered by
Stephan Schutze at the Chautauqua
lesson AS many of the Chautauqua
patrons have asked for list of books
Ia story telling Mrs. Schutze has
bmpied the following LIST for this
krpose
PHOTOGRAPHY OF STORY-TELL-
ING
| Art of Story Telling ~. D. Cowles
NcClurg; Art of the Story Teller
IN Shedlock, Appleton; For the Story
Teller, c. S. Bailey, Bradley; How to
|Tel Stories to Children, S. G. Bryant,
| Houghton; Manuel of Stories, w. b.
fObush, Jacobs; Some Great Stories
| and How TO Tell Them, r. T. Wyche
|Sewson; Stories and Story Telling In
Moral and Religious Education, E. P.
Isl. John, Pilgrim Press; Story Tell
ling What to Tell and How to Tell 1t
u. Lyman, McClurg; Teachers Story
|Teers Book, A. O'Grady. Rand; Tell
Ing Telling Bible Stories, L. f.
fHoughton. Scribner.
PHOTOGRAPHY OF CHILDREN'S
READING
Books for Boys and Girls, c. Hew-
Tins, A. h. A. Publ. Board; Child and
| His Book f. NJ. Field Darton': Chill
|drcns Books and Reading, NJ. Moses
|Nennerly; Children's Reading, F. j.
Vco't, Houghton; Finger Posts to
ndrens Reading, w. T. Field, Nc
tclurg Literature for Children, o.
lowe Macmillan; Mothers List of
Book for Children, L. F. Kready, Kin
|dergarten Review; Selected Books for
Boys, c. p. Kern. Y. NJ. c. ABA;
What Shall We Read to Children, c
wv. Hunt, Houghton.
STORY BOOKS
Aesops Fables. Jacobs. edited
Macmillan; Age of Fable-T. Bulfinch.
Button; Alice's Adventures in Won
|derland-L. Carroll, Macmillan; Ar
aoian Nights-F. J. Olcott, Holt, Bed
tine Stories-Mrs. l.. C. Moulton
Little, Best Stories to Tells. C.
bryant, Honghton; Children's Hour
y NJ Tappan Houghton; Donegal
falry Tales-S. MacManus, Double
nay' English Fairy Tales---J. Jacobs
rutnam; Fa.ry Stories and Fables
d Balwdin. American Book Co: Fairy
tales, H. c. Anderson, Dutton;
household Stories-Grimm Brothers,
hacMlllan; Joan Of Arc--L. f. Rich
sfaS Appleton; Jungle Books g yols.)
N kipling, Century Co; Just So
sories' r. kipling. CHM; Merry Ad-
Ventures of Robin Hood--H. Pyle,
|Scrlfner Myths of the Red Children
u L Wilson, CHM; Nights with Uncle
hem1s-J. c. Harris, Houghton;
aoTse Stories-H. W. Mabie, Dodd !;
VA stories from the East. Bald
WIN American Book Co. Tales OF
soifer Goose-C. Perrault. Heath !;
liny Hare and His Friends. A. l.,
nykeS' Little; Wild Animals | Have
Ahown, r. Thompson Seton, Serb
per' Wonder Book-N. Hawthorne.
Houghon
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
SUCCESSFUL FAIR At
NEW PORTLAND
Fifteen Hundred People Gather for
Annual Eyent-The Attractions

New Portland, Sept. 26-The New
Portland annual Free Cattle Show and
Fair held at the Athletic grounds,
near North New Portland Saturday
was moro in the nature of a grand
reunion than ever at least 1900 peo-
ple attending from far and near. The
crowd commenced to gather early and
some went early but the greater num-
Der remained until after the ball game
closed at 430 or 5 p. m. The midway
attractions were larger than usual and
were crowded full all day. There
were from 80 to 40 different booths
and side shows. including fruits, soft
drinks of all kinds, lunch counters,
confectionery, honey and vegetables,
iewelry. dolls, dry goods cart, peanuts
and popcorn, ferris wheels, bowling
alley. games of chance with przes of
work baskets or cupid dolls. The
pulling of the draft horses was very
good and drew large crowd. Awards
were made as follows. Draft horses
2SO0 or over. first. Charles Peterson,
9415 feet; second, r. B. Tague 70 IT.;
third Abel Webb 1914 feet. Under
$500 first, Laury Howes, 402 feet;
second, Ledge House. 30912 feet;
third, NJ. c. Walker 4SR feet. The
stock exhibits were by NJ c. Walker,
one registered Jersey COW, yearling
and calf; one grade Jersey COW and
yearling; Clyde Savage, one grade
Jersey COW and two calves; Asa Tay-
lor, one grade Jersey calf.
The ball game between the King
field and North New Portland teams
was well played and drew an interest
ed crowd of spectators from start to
finish the final score being 4 to l in
favor of North New Portland.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
CANAAN

Mr.. and Mrs. Elwood Jewell and
Mr. and Mrs. Earl Burrill attended
the Fair at Pennington Thursday.
Miss Marjorie Patten arrived Sun
day from Portland for a Y sit with her
grandmother, Mrs. Eta Patten.
Mrs. Merriam Hoan Of Peabody.
Mass, is the guest Of Mrs. Fred Holt.
Olive, the little six mouths old
daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. Earl Bur
rill was severely burned on the arm
Friday by the upsetting of bowl of
oyster stew DR. Earle dressed the
burn and she is doing well at this
writing.
Mrs. Ralph Hill of Skowhegan was
the guest of her sister. Mrs Earl
Bean last week
SOUTHWEST CANAAN
Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Leggett and
Mrs Letggett's daughter Rosamond
kimball. Morris Robinson and moth
er. Mrs. Robinson. who have been
entertained the past week by Mrs.
Isabel Hanscom. returned Saturday TO
theor homes in Dover. y. II. Mrs. Rob
insou and son. Meryis, will return in
a few weeks and pass the winter with
Mrs Hanscom.
Mr. and Mrs Roy Wilson of Skow-
bean were guests sunday of Mr. and
Mrs Virgil Holt
David GoodrIdge died Monday at I
\ NJ, after an Illness OF several
months He Wa tenderly cared for
during all the months of his ia ling
health by his daughter, Mrs Lizzie
Leayitt. who lived with him. He was
born in Canaan 50 years ago. H. is
survived by "a sister, Mrs. Milford
Keene and 81 children, Mrs. Flora
Flagg of Wateryille. Mrs. Addie Hun
toon of Norridgewock. Mrs Mabel
Booker of Benton. Everett Goodridge
and Mrs Vera Daggett of Skowhegan
and Mrs. l. zzie Leavitt of Canaan.
His wife. who was Mrs Caroline
Goodwin, died several wears ago
Nr and Mrs Irving Fernald and
children. Francis Herbert. Margaret
and Fred and Mrs Hall Of Topsham
We're weekend guests of Mr. and
Mrs. Josiah Fernald and Henry and
Francis Fernald
MIR and Mrs Dora Ames aud Miss
Lillian Fitzimmons of Fairfield were
guests of Mr. and Mrs. Hartwell
Peavey Sunday
Rev. MIR Hapwnr,h of Arson held
very interesting meeting at the
Moores Mills Sehoolhouse Sunday.
two autoloads of people be ng pres
ent from Water1llle There will he
another meeting Sunday oct. > IN
P. NJ All are cordially invited.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
BURKE AND hartley
CASES CONTINUED
Impossible for Handwriting Experts
to he Present tOl Offer Necessary
Testimony

The several cases in which the Mel
son w. BARLEY estate and Mr.. and
Mrs John A. Burke are involved ac-
ton having been brought to recover
certain notes on both sides which were
assigned for trial October 4, have
been continued. Hand writing ex-
perts are important witnesses and il is
because of the inability of these ex-
perts to be present on the date set
for the trials that the cases are being
continued
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
Gard of Thanks

We wish to convey our sincere
thanks to all those who so Willingly
gave of their service towards the ar
engagements and carrying out of such
arrangements of the funeral service
of my late dear son, Arno L. Hughey'
who died in defense of his Country
and Flag. July IS, 1918.
Mrs Annie II. Moore,
Vinol D. Hughey.
Jackman, Me, Sept. 30, 1921
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
Gard OF Thanks

!, We wish to express our ncer'
.ahks to our relatives, neighbors an'
trends for their kindness. help ant
nora offerings at this time OF oul
sreat loss
Mrs. Clara Gaylord and family,
Dorothy A. Gaylord,
Scribner Gaylord.
sKowhegan, Me-, Sept. 30, 1927
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
NORTH ANSON
ALICE PATTEN SIMMONS
1851-1921

Mrs. Alice Patten S mmons. widow
of the late Judge Augustine Simmons
died at her home in North Arson
Tuesday, September - agh#r an i'll
ness Which began duriua Hcr recent
visit in California. tn gaaeral ser
vices were held at her home Thurs
day, Rev. Knickerbocker. pastor Of
the Uniyersalist Church in Waterville
offic ating, with Rev T. H. Baker,
pastor of the Congregational Church
at North Arson, assisting Mrs.
Simmons was born at North Arson,
January 30. 1851, and was the eldest
daughter of James S. and Maria f.
Gahan. She spent the greater part
OF her life in her native town. She
married Augustine Simmons Nov. %.
1872. One sister Mrs. S. Frances
Sawyer of North Arson survives her.
Altho Mrs. Simmons had no children
OF her own, her family is large Few
years of her life were spent without
young people are indebted for their
nefable love and Kindness many
young people are indebted or their
early home and education. She spent
her life plotting benevolence and de
vising silent bounties for those less
fortunate than she. Her nature was
simply. subtly sweet The marked
characteristics of her life were white
ness, candor, radiance. ingenuousness.
simplicity. When her heart was
wrung by the sudden death of her
dist nguished husband to whose sue
cess she contributed so much and to
whom her life was devoted, she bow
ed to the inevitable with gentle stole
ism and filled the void as far as was
possible with an increased interest in
the burdens of others. She bore her
own sickness without complaint and
nance wore an expression of majestic
peace. an express on that can be found
only in memory full of sweet rec
ords of happy and useful years
Don't forget the opening of the Cut
Price Clothing Co. at Bingham Satur-
day, Oct. LIST
RECEPTION
The annual reception for new stu
dents and teachers was held Thurs
day evening at Academy Hall. the
class of 1924 having charge of the ar
engagements. The hall was prettily
decorated. Glass president, G. II.
Barnaby conducted the. exercises
which included welcome by Roy Coop
err; readings by Shirley Allbee and
Virginia Smith; a drill by eight girls:
music by Mrs. E. P Barnaby and Mrs
J, II Thorne; brief addresses by Supt
l.. A. Bradbury, Rev L. l.. Baker,
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29
Drug Stores to Close Evenings

Noiamencing next Monday the SHOW
nesan Drug Stores will close at eight
v every evening except Saturday
until further notice.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29

A bulky magazine rolled ana tied
with a string helped out one mousse
wife who didn't have sleeve poaru
handy on ironing day.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29

operation on her face late last week.
Mrs. f. F. Pratt underwent a Sc
rious operation at the Somerset Hos
pal, Monday.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-09-29

ball game played here Satur4
day between Bingham and North An
son resulted favorably to North Arson
10 ID S.
F. NJ. Barnaby has painted and
erected very artistic sign for the
ia laring establishment of +. P. Barn
abY on Main street Mr. Barnaby
does the work free hand and tho in
his 10Th year no failure is apparent
ii technical or artistic skill
thur Williams expects to- resume
Il 1tal studies at the University Of
lar land in Baltimore next week
y = Ella Beale has returned from
5an lica Point where she has been
spel ding the summer
Everyone is cordially invited to visit
the Woman's Association of the Con-
greeaional Church booth at the an
nual Agricultural Fair. Sept. 30. For
sale we will have our famous Economy
Cooi Books. Also home made cakes
pies. cookies. fresh MIX and sweet
chocolate bars. Make your headquar-
ters with us and rest Several valu-
able premiums will be offered with the
sale of the chocolate bars and some
one will be the lucky winner. Re-
men Der that barrel of flour and a
dres sed doll are to be given away.
Carroll Hooper has gone to Lewis
ton where he has a position in the
department store of the B. Peck Co.
NJ. and Mrs. o. W. Savage and
Their granddaughter Mary Monahan
visited their daughter Mrs Emily s.
NaHlhan at North New Portland over
SUNDAY
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
Rev. f. l.. Baker. Pastor
sunday Oct. 2-Morning serv &c
with communion at 1915 O'Clock !:
special music; church school at Il
O'Clock: Y. p. S. c. E. at SIS p. m,
sSa,ndiuc Time" Leader, Alta Ellis
lally Day services were he'd last
sundaE. A good number heard the
pa tors sermon on The Marks of
Jesus The solo and anthem added
much To the enjoyment of the service.
The church school presented short
program suitable to the day and much
enioyed by the so members and friends
present. Each class responded either
by group recitation or individual rep
resentatiNe. Several of the Junior
members recited; Miss Porter gave a
reading and Mir. Williams a short ad-
dress
\ good motto this week : start
the new quarter right" Let every
one try 10 he on hand and help To
make full classes next Sunday. New
members are being enrolled and there
are MANY who should became regular
attendants Begin with the new
series of lessons next Sunday.
Mrs a w. Reed has been confined
10 her room BY illness the past fort
night hut is improving.
Mrs. Capitola Shaw underwent an
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
Record Purse Money
BridgtOn Fair Aug. 16, IT. 10

Two $1,000 stakes for Bridgton Fair
races. The race managers of the
Bridgton Agricultural Association
are out to put the marrow gauge,
division town on the map. Accord
ing to an announcement made by
Secretary Howard Jones, two early
closing $1,000 stakes and four class
races carrying $500 purses will make
the greatest light harness program
ever offered by the association.
The largest stake ever put Wp on
the Western Maine Short Shin cir
cult including Bridgton, Cornish and
Gorham is $500, and Bridgton purses
for class races have averaged 5000 tn
$3.50, but this season the association
intends to draw the most notable
fields of trotters and PAGERS in the
history OF the track, to its three day
meeting. August l6, II and IS.
The program is as follows:
23o stake trot, The Bridgton $1,000.
us stake. pace or trott-$10oo.
227 class pace or trot-s30o.
214 class pace or trot-$3O0.
223 class pace or trot-$300.
2.lS class pace or trot-$3a0.
Entries for the early stakes elose
May 10 with a 2 per cent. payment
Horses to be named June Is with an,
other per cent. payment, and the
last payment of per cent. to be
made July 10. The entries for the
class races close August 8, when the
fui payment of per cent. is due.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
MAYS AND BRIDGES

The committee on Ways anu Bridges
will give public hearing in Room Z
at the State House, in Augusta. on
TUESDAY, MARCH 22, 1921. 2 p. M,
on the following.
210. An Act to amend Section of
Chapter 263 of the Public Laws of
1919, relating to third class highways.
211. Resolve amending Section II
of Article TX of the Constitution so
as to permit the use of the proceeds of
State highway bonds for the con-
stFuction of State aid highways.
PIP. An Act to amend Section Of
Chapter III of the Public Laws of
1915 and to repeal Section 9 of said
Chapter relating to removing trees,
shrubs, bushes and weeds from the
limits of the highway.
213. An Act to amend Section 113
of Chapter "a of the Revised Statutes.
relating to. regulation of advertising
signs. 500. -. 3, =,
THURSDAY, MARCH "A, 1921, at
400 P. M on the following:
PA. An Act to provide for an issue
of State highway and bridge bonds.
2l5. An Act to increase the mill
tax highway fund and to provide for
the method of it's application.
216. An Act to repeal the law re-
curing an annual appropriation of the
sum of 100000 for State aid construc-
tion.
2l7. An Act to prohibit the use of
motor driven trucks on highways not
having a hard surface, in the spring
of the year.
IRVING W CASE Sec
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
Commercial High of
New Haven Wins Tufts
Basketball Tournament

MedfOrd, Mass. March 19-Com-
mercial High school of New Haven,
Conn, won the Tufts College tourna-
ment for the New england inter
scholastic, basketball championship
tonight, defeating Rogers High Of
Newport, r. l., by o IS to II score
Rogers High of Newport. r. l., de-
feated Torrington, Conn, High school
20 to 81 this afternoon in the final
round of the Tufts College tourna-
nnet for the New England inter-
scholastic basketball championship
Commercial High of New Haven,
Conn, won the right to oppose
Rogers High i'm the final by defeating
Adams High 80 to %
After the game. President John A.
Cousens of Tufts presented to Cap
tain Botwinik of Commercial High
the tournament cup given by Austin
b. Fletcher president Of the college
board of trustees. The winner is to
hold the trophy for one year.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
BOWLING TOURNAMENT
AT NEW YORK MAY 2

Judging from reports that have
reached ''Uncle Joe" Thum the 1921
Interstate Duck Pin and Ten Pin
Bowling CHAMPIONSHIPS, which open
at the White Elephant Bowling
Academy, 1241 Broadway, N. Y. G.,
May End, will exceed in point of entry
any bowling tournament ever held
in Greater New York
Sheriff Bob Stone, Connie Lewis,
A. A. Mccarthy; Red" Millar and
other we'll known duck pin bowlers
Of the New England States have al
ready sent assurances to "Uncie Joey
that their respective bowling centers
will be strongly represented in the
duck pin event. whilo New York
State, New Jersey, Pennsylvania,
Maryland, Delaware, Washington. d.
G. and the Middle West are expected
10 contribute largely in entries for
the big pin event
Entry fee in each event will be
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
West and KIM Draw

Berlin, n. H., March 10 - Chick
West of Holyoke Mass, was present
ed with draw at the end of n 10
round argument with Felix King of
the Paper City A. G. last night
King forced the fighting aimat
all the way. An excellent defense
plus a decided bashfulness as to mix
ing it saved West from a licking,
while the referee gave him the ben
eft of several doubts.
AS a runner up to the main bout
Jimmy Coreln of Berlin gave an ex-
cellent exhibition of plain and fancy
punching at the expense of Young
kngsbury Of Bath. Although the
latter lost by wide margin, he
demonstrated that nothing short of
pile driver or q stick of dynamite
could lay him low. His gameness
won him many friends.
K. o. Tardiff knocked out Young
Belanger in the second round of the
prelims.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
Il SPORTING NEWS II
Penn Wrestlers
Win at Princeton

Princeton. y. T.. March 1s-PenR-
sylvania Stats college won the inter-
collegiate wrestling championships
here today with a total Of "a points.
Cornell finished second with IL
points and Princeton third with II
points. Theo theirs finished as fol-
lows:
Yale, 10: Lehigh and University OF
Pennsylvania. s; Columbia, 4.
The final award of first, second and
third places was made as follows: /
Il5-pound class, first. Watson, State
College; second. Mckay, Yale: third,
SchyartzbAc. Lehigh.
l25-peuad class: first, CARRIER, State
College: second. Roberts. Cornell;
third, Davis. Pennsylvania.
135-pound class: first. Hart Column
bia; second, Detare, State College;
third. Mallon, Yale.
145-pound class: first, Morrison,
Princeton: second. BertoIet, Lehigh;
third, BENJAMIN, Yale.
I5e-pDund class: first, Mcbride, Cor
nell; second Mourer. State College;
third. Loeser, Lehigh
175-pound class: first, Spangle,
State College: second. Wright, Cor
nell: third, Darrell, Yale.
Unlimited class: First, Carpenter,
Princeton; second, Moray, Yale; third
Momamon, State College.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1921-03-21
Committee Hearings
JUDICIARY

The committee on Judiciary will Div.
q public hearing in its rooms at eve I've
state House, in Augusta. on me
wsEpDN ~ MARcH 20. .ls2l.
An Act to amend Section, Of Oh.
ter i2S of the Revised Statutes. raiap,
ing to reuoxaf or conceaiment of.,nt.s.. Z
gagged or attached personal pronse,ss'
An Act amending Section IS - -
Shapter 81 OF the Revised Statutes ~ ~
ure in probate court. '''eea'
An Act amending Section Is 81,
thapter az of the Revised Statutes ot
lating to adoption of person Of a ~,
An Act amending Section So Of Char
ter az of the Revised Statutes rsEpps
ing to legal effect OF adoption. a''
An Act amending Section IS of Cban
ter ~ of the Revised Statutes. raias
ing to consent in cases of adoption
An Act TO define exemptions in die
closure process. ''s-
Chapter l04 of the Revised Statr,an
relating to the appointment of han
commissioners. 'a,i
An Act to regulate boxing exb;h,
lions within the State.
An Act relating to the number n,
pallots To be furnished by the secreta ~
of state to cities. towns and planta'
tons. t'aHtd-
An Act to amend Section SIS of Crb.,
ter 50 Of the Revised Statutes. reIatin-
To the terms of superior court for ~
county Of Kennehec.s TIC
An Act to amend Section 40 of Chan
ter 23S of the Public Laws of 1918 AZ
lating to injuries to State EMPLOYEES
S. No. 130. An Act relative to nri'
vate and special acts in conflict win
Public Acts. Win
An Act to amend Section of Chan.
ter HI of the Revised Statutes 70
provide that women shall not be 70,
quired to serve on juries. ~
WILLIAM T. GARDINER. Soc