The New York herald., 1921-08-06
LORD BRYCE WARNS
OF GOVERNMENT AID
Says Nations That Do Not
Interfere Develop Most
Prosperity.
rs AGAINST SUBSIDIES
Germany's Trade Advances
Attributed to Assiduity
of Merchants.
DISCUSSES HIGH FINANCE
n
DISCUSSES HIGH FINANCE
Institute of Politics Told of
Effect Money Has in Max
ing Peace or War.


WrLLrAMsTowN, Mass, Aug. 5.-Vis-
count James Bryce, in his third public
address before the Institute of Politics
at Williams College tonight, said that
while every Government must defend
the rights Of its citizens in CONNER
cia1. as we'll as in other matters. the
less Governments have to do with bust
ness and international finance the bet
ter for their peoples"
In addition to opposing Government
participation in business he questioned
the value of Governmental aid to COM
mercial interests. He said that the ma
tion which does not help its industries,
as Germany did hers before the war.
Will in the long run, develop a more
vigorous commercial life than the
country which subsidies and nurses
their manufacturers. Germany's ad
vances In trade. he said, are not due
to Governments help 80 much as the
aesiduity of her merchants
Speaking Of the connection between
finance and war. Lord Bryce declared:
Money can exercise as much ille-
Ultimate influence in democracies as
elsewhere. In come OF them 1t can buy
the press, perhaps also a section Of
legislators. Where the standard Of pub
lie virtue is high those who want to
get something from a Government will
seek not to bribe. but will. to use
current expression. try to get at the
press while also seeking to induce in
fuential constituents to put pressure on
their members and members to put pres
sure on Ministers, the object in view
being represented as public interest,
whereas 1t is really the interest of a
small group. When the standard is
low the group will approach the private
Minister himself
Influence of Money on War.
THAT wars are made by financiers Is
not generally true, but they have a
great hand in negotiations and in fixing
the lines of policy, and they sometimes
turn 1t in direction not favorable to true
national interests. Governments must
OF course. consult financiers. and may
often not only profit by their advice.
but make use of them. A consortium Of
banks such as has been set up for
china may prevent---and I think It does
prevent-evils which would arise IL each
national group intrigued for its own in
terest.
There are upright men valuable to a
nation In high finance as in other pro-
fessions. You know them In America
and we know them in England. They
have their sphere of action necessary to
tho world. But wherever large trans
actions involving Governments arise the
danger sign for watchfulness should be
raised"
Discussing Germany's growth before
the war. hc said'
The commercial rivalry OF England
and Germany was not the cause OF bad
feeling so much as the unrestricted
building of the German navy. 1t did
not chill the relations of the two peoples.
for the English sense of fair play checked
1t and II certainly did not affect the
official policy of England toward Ger
many. which continued to be friendly
until the extensions of the German navy
raised suspicious of different nature
Many persons In England and some
In Germany deemed the reciprocal bene-
fits which the two countries drew from
their trade to constitute II not a security
We In England were mistaken. See
what happened In 1914"
OF the charge that munitions makers
are sometimes interested In creating Ill
feeling between peoples viscount Bryce
had this to say:
1T has been frequently said Of late
years that In several countries the great
firms which manufacture munitions OF
war endeavor to influence military and
naval expenditure and resorted TO
secret alarmist propaganda, or even tried
to stir UP III feeling between nations. in
order to induce governments TO propose
and legislatures to vote large sums for
such expenditures. This may have hap
pened In countr,es which It is better not
4. name, but no evidence sufficient to
confirm so odious a charge has to my
knowledge been produced. ! do not be-
lieye that the thing ever happened In
England"
Comments on Roosevelt.
At the morning session Baron Sergius
A. Korff, former Deputy Governor-Gen-
eral OF Finland. presented Russian
view of Theodore Roosevelt's efforts
which brought about the end OF the
Russo-Japanese war.
Dealing with the relations OF the two
nations during the past fifty years.
Baron Korff depiored the unnecessary
and unnatural war between the two
nations" or the Portsmouth confer
ence he said: mot doubling Roosevelts
sincerity in forcing Japan to yield the
indemnity. there Is question whether II
was a wise thing to do.
mo one OF us ever believed that Rus
sia would be victorious. She could not
have won. but she could not have been
worse off than at that particular time.
A little protraction might have brought
on constitutional changes In japan which
were just ripcnins."
The war was caused. no said, by the
ovcrbearing and contemptuous attitude
of the Russians for Japan. In which
course the German Kaiser confirmed the
Car shamefully. knowing that Germany
was sure to gain whoever won, for II
Russia was involved In the Far Fast
she would no longer be dangerous fac
tor In European politics and II Japan
won Russia would be O long time coming
back to power.
Referring to the feeling prevalent In
America that japan Is not to be trusted
in International politics, Baron Korff de-
ciared II was not strange she should
conduct her affairs this way since In
the first plunge she took into European
political dealings. at the confer cnce of
Shimonosek In 1895, following the Chino
Japanese war. she beheld n spectacle of
duplicity and trickery and later saw
Fnroiwn In nd nj !. va ~