The Holbrook news., 1921-04-29
GENTLEMAN TAKE
 UP TROUBLE

diately to assist the Arizona cattle
 raisers, who through high freight
 rates, short credits, short range-feed conditions and poor market face ser ious problems.
 Many of the representative cattle men of Arizona were present or thei1 representatives spcKe for them. The territory represented consisted of nearly every big cattle company from the Mexican border to northern Ari- zona. Charles E. Winsall, manager Of the Cananea Cattle company, with range running many miles into old Mexico, asked that some emergency action be taken on freight rates so tlat cattle shipments may be made to markets at 9 cheaper freight rate. and also with a view of making ac- cessible new range country, at pres ent understocked. The Arizona range is heavily Overstocled and cattle are in poor condition.
 Cattlemen from northern Arizona seid that the same conditions faced them and the representative of J. E. Sullivan, Prescott, Ariz.; James Cash ion, Phoenix, AriZ; Elmer Duffield Navajo country; Jack Kinney, of the La Osa Cattle company, Tucson, Ariz., tl44tt Llcl4 IC- M 1Ol hGA1CcAIi companies, all agreed that the condi- tions in Arizona affecting the cattle in- dustry would be materially bettered if cheaper freight rates would prevail.
 Senator Cameron had previously made q study 0f the situation and agreed with. the cattlenen that some action was necessary. Senator Cam eron pointed out that the cattle indus try hinged upon the condition of freight rates, feed and market, also the leaning capacity of the banks of the southwest, which at the present time are calling loans instead of lengthening them, and a great many cattlemen have liquidated and accept cepted loss rather than continue with pl esent conditions.
 Cattle on the Arizona range to great extent are bought in Old Mexico as yearlings, two year-olds and up to three-y -year-olds, and driven to the American line on the hoof in large herds over the desert and mountains, where they are sold to the Arizona cattlemen as stocker cattle. Steers increase in value about $10 per head for each year of age put upon them, and the Arizona ranches to Q great extent stock up with this type of cat tie. After few years age has been put upcn the cattle on the Arizona range they are shipped to the cattle ranches of the northwest by railroad Tkis northwest cattle country em- braces Montana, Wyoming and Ne vada and Canada. In this northwest country the different feed and colder climate put the finishing touches upon the cattle and they are ready for the market after year or so upon the range.
 From the northwest range they will go to the stockyards, providing range conditions have been good and the market will absorb them at a faiI price. But it often happens that. through severe winters and short age of feed and poor prices at the stockyards the rancher would face g severe loss if tie cattle were dumped on the market irrespective of condi- ton and plice, so another country of fering cheap feeding facilities must be looked for.
 The Texas range is generally pick ed in this case as it offers abundant feed and in the cattle countries of the United States is known as an excel lent winter range. From Texas the cattle after wintering may be put on the market at Chicago, Kansas City or St. Louis, and for the far west, Denver, Colo.,' or Los Angeles, Cal.
 This shows that the average travel of cattle raised for market corsunp- ton is considerably greater than the average mans. With the high freight rates in existence today this shipping to the different seasonal ranges and markets cannot be undertaken, and when new range is found necessary. as is in Arizona today, because of a feed shortage, the situation is serious to the cattlemen.
 Today feed is so short on the A1i- zona range that no more cattle could be added to the herds. The market is in such condition that very few cattle were shipped last year to the stock yards and consequently Arizona is 0verstOcked, while to the east abund- ant feed is going to waste in Texas because the herds there were sold and the. range not restocked.
 As Senator Cameron is a cattleman and mining man he readily under stood the problems facing the AIi- zona cattle growers. He made in- quiries concerning the condition of the Mexican range but conceded it would be impractical to ship American cat tie into Old Mexico under bond at the present time. While in a case of last resort this could be done, reports showed that feed conditions were bet ter in Old Mexico because of less crowded range conditions, shipping old cattle into new unfenced range coun- try was always attendant with risk, unless the range was fenced and very little fenced range is available in Mex ico.
 A study of the freight rates pre- vailing i'll Arizona and the southwest generally, showed up some glaiinp discrepancies as to amounts charged for average mileage. Using Tucson, Ariz., as a shipping point the rate per cattle ear to Butte, Mont, is S25S; to Denver, Colo, S177. Shipping east ward to make available the excellent range in Texas the rate to Fl Paso, Tex, is S69; to San Antonio, S304.50, and Folt Worth, S3O1.50.
 Between San Antonio and Fl Paso is the Big Bend country of Texas, probably the best stretch of winter cattle country in the United States. and at present is under-stocked, and with a fair and reasonable freight rate to this range country shipments
 of cattle from Arizona would soon stock this range.
 Senator Cameron with his knowl-