davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
The Commercials Anniversary

The New York Commercial, under
various names, has had an existence
here Of 125 years. 1t was founded
as New York Prices Current in De
cember, 1895, the year in which John
Jay negotiated his treaty of COM
merce with Great Britain. 1t con-
tanned then quotations Of the prices
of about one hundred commodities.
To-day it carries near $4,000 COM
modify quotations.
The original New York Prices Cur
rent, started by John Dram, was a
weekly, devoted exclusively to the
spread Of business information, then
neglected by the ordinary newspaper.
All daily newspapers began later to
publish commercial news. But the
field of the exclusively business
newspaper has not thereby been
narrowed. Commercial publications
have multiplied and prospered.
The New York Commercial is at
once a landmark of old New York
and an influence in it's modern bust
ness life. The President came from
Washington to speak at it's 125th
anniversary. In its own sphere it
exercises power and enjoys high re-
pute. The Tribune extends its con-
gratulations to friendly and worthy
associate.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Curiosity as an Asset
lnquirins Type of Mind Sought by
the Edison QUESTIONABLE
To the Editor OF The Tribune.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Amid all this adverse criticism
aimed OF Mr., Edisons questionnaire
permit me TO raise my humble voice in
its defense. Mr.. Edsons questions
have been greatly misunderstood.
The first thing that strikes most of
us as We read over his questions is
their apparent lack of purport. Most
employers would be Indifferent as to
whether an applicant for job knew
where Magdalena Bay was, or what was
the finest grade Of cotton, or who dis
covered the law of gravitation. The
average employer would say that he
does not need man who is a walk
ing encyclopedia"
But Mr.. Edison sees much further
than Mr.. Average Employer. He real
ICES that n man who carries this mis-
cellaneous knowledge around in his
head is the posses8or of that rare in
quiring type of mind that is curious to
know and whose thirst for knowing
things takes him into all realms of
learning. Such man would be well
fitted for research work. and that is the
kind of work he is sure TO come in
contact with, directly or indirectly,
under Mr.. Edison.
We are all born with this desire to
know things, but it seems very few
CT US retain it as we grow up. The
rare man who can creditably pass Mr..
Edison's questions has not allowed his
brain to atrophy-he has kept this
God-given curiosity that is retained by
the few and by which each generation
adds little more to the accumulated
wisdom Of the ages.
Mr.. Edison's criticism Of the college
man is perfectly fair, for unfortunately
college does not reach a man early
enough properly to nourish and de-
velop this desire to know if it could.
Since college man has no more desire
to know geography, perhaps even less
than the other kind, why should we
expect better results from him on Mr..
Edison's questionnaire?
Mr. Edison does not make the mis-
take OF believing that education CON
sists in the memorizntion of vast
number of facts. He does, however,
realize that the results of his CUES
tionnaire are the best possible index to
a mans appetite for knowledge, and
hence his mental acuteness.
THOMAS S. MARVEL.
Cornwall-on-Hudson, N. Y, May
25, 1921.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Why the Railroads Ram Behind

In statement made to the Senate
Committee on Interstate Commerce
Daniel Willard, president Of the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, shows
concisely why the railroads have
run behind since 1916. The volume
of traffic has increased. Comparing
1920 with 1916, the gain in net ton
miles has beea 1888 per cent and
the gain in passenger miles $500
per cent. At the same time there
was decrease Of 1.51 per cent in
total train mileage, indicating in
creased efficiency in handling both
passengers and freight.
The operating revenues from
transportation increased 7158 per
cent. But the expense of service
increased 141.71 per cent. The hours
on duty increased only 7.6S per cent,
but the pay rolls increased 1882
per cent. The effect of these
changes was that the earned income
in 1920 was only $61 ,92S,626, while
the earned income in 1916 was ST.
040, ,084,517.
The cause OF the great derange-
ment in railroad finances between
1916 and 1920 is not far to seek. Mr..
Willard says justly:
"The railroad problem to-day is
largely one of misunderstanding. /
think it may be fairly said that the
misunderstanding has been caused
chiefly by the fact that during the
period of twenty-six months of
Federal control a great economic
problem was dealt with in an un-
economic way. This policy resulted
the revenues and expenses of the
carriers, which still existed at the
end of Federal control.'
Railroad deficits can no longer be
saddled on the United States Treas
ury. They must be extinguished by
curtailment of operating costs and a
readjustment of rates which will
bring a further increase in traffic.
Mr.. Wizards diagnosis cannot be
disputed. It remains for the Fed
eral Labor Board and the Inter
State Commerce Commission TO ap~
ply the proper remedies.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Relatively

In an interchange of cordlalitics
between tho Hon. Fiorello Ii. La
Guardia and the Rev. John Haynes
Holmes the Borough President ut
tered the following cryptic remark a:
81 am less pessimstic Of the present
than you, but you arc more optimistic
of the future than H.
Does the Borough President refer
to the Mayoralty campaign, or the
prospects of Bolshevism, or merely
to Professor Einstein's theory of rel
ativity? Or are these but "thc words
of the wise and their dark sayings
designed, according to King Solo
mon, "to give subtilty to the simple,
to the young man knowledge and
discretion?
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
How Dead Is 'Tarnnany? i?

An unnamed Democrat desirous
Of beating Tammany calls upon
President Harding and Postmaster
General Hays for help, and at the
same time announces that the Eigh-
teenth and Nineteenth amendments
to the Constitution have so weak
ened Tanlmany that a judicious COM
bination of anti-Hylan forces can
win.
The passing of the saloon, says
this Democrat, has hindered the
Iammany machine by eliminating
contact between election district cap
tains and serviceable voters. There
IS a FEASIBILITY in the argument.
out Tammany remains and so do the
seFvieeable voters. May not new
contacts be established which may be
as near" the saloons as the product
OF some breweries to-day is near to
beer? By facilitating political inter
course and friendship the saloon
served the politicians. Simply re-.
moving the meeting place does not
dlsperse the personal following built
up through years of association.
The other point raised by this
Democrat is that a study of regis.
tration fgures shows that more
women living in apartment houses
registered in 1920 than did those
who live in tenements. AS Tammany
has always been strong in the tene-
f1ent districts, this IS taken as an
indication of present weakness. The
figures may show more women reg
istered II Republican than in Demo-
cratic districts. Iammany will prob
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Defense of the Philippines
Admiral FISHES Discussion of the Problem Of Safeguarding Our
Overseas Possessions
By Quarterback

Rear ADMIRAL Bradley A. Tiskes
article, The Defense OF the Philip
pines," in the June number of The
North American Review, brings bluntly
before the Administration and the peo-
pie of this country the most important
of all questions in connection with the
navy and the national defense. In four
short pages the Admiral emphasizes
the great commercial value of the
Philippines; the ease with which they
may now be seized by any nation that
wants them; the surest and cheapest
means of protecting them, and the
four courses of action that are now
open to us.
Aside from the intrinsic value of the
Philippines, the Admiral notes their
strategic importance: "But greater
though less obvious value lies in the
nearness of Manila TO the vast un-
developed territories of eastern Asia,
and the fact that the many fine bays
and hsrbors Of the Philippines could
be made to supplement the very few
good harbors on the eastern coast of
Asia and give to the United States a
base of commercial operations un-
equalod by that Of any other country.
save Japan itself"
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24

could be aroused, perhaps friends
would rally to their support. Mr..
Gompers has been determined to
believe the worst of employers. He
has laughed scornfully when told
that practically all employers,
whether for reasons OF expediency
or OF right, agreed that their em-
ployecs might join lodges or
churches or unions as they pleased.
Not only is there authority for
the statement that free, open
shops do most Of the country's
work, but there is union authority
for the statement that union labor
has often conceded the free open
shop principle. The decision of the
Anthracite Coal Commission con-
tanned the following. which a lead
ing II r organization accepted as
sati Wg:
"Ihat no person shall be refused
employment, or in any way be dis
criminated against, on account OF
membership or non-m embership in
any labor organizations; and that
there shall be no discrimination
against, or interference with, any
employee who is not member OF
any labor organization, by members
of such orgniZation."
That this doctrine is not archaic
in union circles was recently indi-
Gated by Chief Stone of the Broth
erhood of Locomotive Engineers
when he said:
~ do not believe in forcing a man
to join union. IL he wants to join,
all right; but it is contrary to the
principles Of free government and
the Constitution Of the United States
to try to make him join"
If there was some way to apply
the oleomargarine law to public
discussion, coloring pink all spuri-
Gus propaganda, perhaps half of
the troubles Of the country would
be over.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
The Schiff Memorial

The largest single gift ever made
to nursing service in this country
was made by Mrs Jacob Schiff last
week when, as a memorial of her
husband, she bestowed 100000 on
the Henry Street Settlement. IN
der the direction Of Miss Lillian
Wald, not inaccurately called the
most useful woman of New York,
this remarkable institution con-
tinues it's remarkable work, but has
been kept back by lack Of funds.
Jacob Schiff became interested in
The nursing service when he realized
that 80 per cent Of the sick are
cared for in their homes and only
10 per cent in hospitals. A dollar
goes farther in relief when the
nurse comes to the home than when
a patient is taken to an institution.
The hospitals, of course, perform a
service the visiting nurses cannot
duplicate, but with respect to many
cases it is better to have home
treatment.
The visiting nurses last year, at
q fraction of the cost, cared for as
many as thirteen city hospitals COM
bined. And not only was there
treatment of the sick, but families
learned something of modern hy-
giene ms ethods, were educated in
preventive measures and instructed
how to proceed when a nurse is not
obtainable. Miss Wald and her
nurses have had a large, direct eff
feet on the city's death rate. The
influence of their ministry is per-
vasive and transforming.
The gift of Mrs. Schiff consists
OF the purchase by her for the visit
ing nurse service of the property at
SO Park Avenue. This building will
be used as a central administration
building and for an assembly place
for classes Of graduate and under
graduate nurses trained by the or
g2nization. It will be New York's
new health center.
Miss Wald is not much Of be-
lever in large endowments-is Of
the opinion that an institution needs
to struggle if it would keep alive.
But enlarged headquarters are
much needed, and the Schiff memo
rial will provide them.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
A Good Start at HoyIake

1t was blush day for the British
yesterday at the start Of their ANA
teur golf championship at Hoylake.
Bobby Jones opened the affair
with a handsome victory over a
strong opponent, and the others
Of Americas big three,' Evans and
Ouimet, won quite as easily. Wright
squelched another hope of the de-
tenders. This auspicious beginning,
after the crushing victory of our
golfers in the international team
match on Saturday, causes US to re-
gard our prospects with seemly
elation.
But there are plenty Of fighting
Englishmen and Scotsmen left in
the tournament. The title holder,
Tolley, who was good enough to
beat Evans for his side last week.
clashes with the Boston siege gun.
Gullford, to-day. If he falls there
is still the veteran Hilton, who has
vanquished Americans before. Ar
mour the Scot showed the quality
Of his game here last year. With a
bit of luck he is capable of stopping
our best.
Playing conditions appear to have
favored the visitors. An unusual
drought has baked the links so that
they must resemble a typical Amer
lean course in midsummer. The
wind, reputed to be The disturbing
factor at English seaside courses.
has dwindled TO zephyrs. The keen
putting greens are quite to the
liking of our keen putters,
A fine spirit Of generous rivalry
seems to pervade this championship.
Nothing but praise has been written
OF the overseas contestants, both as
golfers and sportsmen. Bobby Jones
IN particular has captivated every.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Seeing Is Believing
from The Philadelphia Evening Public


GNcnG0O DIhijf
LcdGeTj
Senator France, OF Maryland, is seem
ingly determined to go a-sailins ia
Russia to look the soviets over at close
quarters and to see for himself whether
there is anything good in them.
Mr.. France is listed as a radical in
the Senate. He has been put in the
category of unreasonables with Mr.. La
Toilette.
The Senator should go 20 Russia.
All Senators should travel now and
then and see the world. There are
other reasons why the Senator from
Maryland should get closeup view of
the Lenine theory in action. All other
people in the world, and especially
those observers who went to Russia
with an open and frank mind or frank
sympathy for sovietism, have returned
embittered or disillusioned to civiIiza-
tion. MIR. France remains unconyinccd
He stands out conspicucusly and alone
as man wanting 70 be shown.
The verdict against communism, ,s
overwhelming. When the Senator from
Maryland returns from his travels il
win be unanimous.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Voiue Of Airpla,aes

y need not say that do not Sug-
ge8t using airplanes alone to defend
the Philippines. All the usual weaDons
would, Of course, be needed, cspc
c'al!y submarines. l do wish, however,
to call attention to our amazing back
wardness in utilizing airpIanes and to
point out the especial attributes that
make them valuable as preventers of
actual invasion. These attributes are ::
u. Great speed and consequent abil-
ity 80 concentrate in great numbers
against parts Of more slowly moving
bodies, such as ships, boats and troops.
y. Ability to rise high in the air and
discern objects at great distances.
80. Ability to carry high explosive
IN convenient forms that have rereis
TO be dropped.
by reason Of these three attributes
force of, say, 100 drst-cla3s airplanes,
properly equipped and manned. il dis
tributed at different points in Luzon
(tho northernmost isIand}, would be
able to concentrate at any threatened
point on the coast before the invading
troops could start from the TRANSPORTS
to the shore. -' -~e.s-
This only defease aga.@st them
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Disadvantage Of Distance

The defenselessness Of the islands is
made clear:
"But the Philippines could at any
time be taken by almost any great
nation that might desire to take
them. This casts doubt on the validity
of our title to them and would make
any attempt by Americans to develop
them of more than questionable wis
dom. Furthermore, the great distance
OF the islands from America has made
the problem Of defending them by the
ordinary methods an undertaking viz
tually prohibitive, because of the cost
III money, time and effort,
$50 the commercially and strate-
gically valuable Philippine Islands still
lie spread out on the counter for any
one to take who will. 1t is a danger
Gus and foolish thing thus to leave anv
property wholly unprotected"
Admiral Fiske deplores the failure
OF Congress to supply the modern
weapons-airplanes and submarines
that are most effective in coast de-
fersc.
The last Congress refused to give
the navy the very moderate amount it
asked for in order to take advantage
Of the possibilities Of aeronautics. If
Congress persists we may find our
selves with navy that is very ex-
pensive, but so oldfashioned as to be
ineffective
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24

would be greater force OF airplanes
possessed by the enemy. But it must
be clear that no country in the world
could compete with US in building air
planes. The cost to US of force of
airplanes able to protect the islands
from being captured would probably be
less than per cent of the cost Of eny
endeavor TO recapture them"
After briefly discussing our possible
policy toward the Philippines, Admiral
Fislse continues:
Again, if the islands were given to
the FilipiEos, would they be able to re
tain them long? Is there any other
equally large ana valuable tract Of land
in the possession of any people so help
less against attack as the Philippine ISL
ands would be if our protection should
be withdrawn?
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
From The Detroit News.
Residence and the Bonus
Situation Of New York Soldier.
Who Moved to Other States
To the Editor of The Trihnne-

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: An injustice has been done t,
those New York soldier boys who. hav-
ing taken up residence in another state
after discharge and prior to Novembe.
2, 1920, are thls ineligible to receive tie
bonus. Taose boys are in the minor
ity, but when it comes "home" it hurts.
particularly in families which can
date their New York State citizenship
back to Revolutionary days. A son Of
such family, after having spent sey-
enteen months in the late war (thir-
teen months in France) is ineligible, for
the reason that when he was refused q
raise in salary in New York and was
offered normal livelihood to provide
for wife and unborn child he crOsse3
the border into another state. That
however. does not wipe out his honor
able record OF service for mis- parent
state and he would gladly return i
he could locate satisfactorily.
Foreigners made citizens before the
war and by reason of draft and ac-
ceptance in the army are to receive
the compensation; also many so-caliea
desk soldiers, yeonanettes, etc, who
never had to leave their native shores
or even their own aresides.
I have never voted, for various rea-
sons, one of which is that / am sn in-
valid. but when I locate the politieisr
who are responsible for limiting taa
bonus recipients to legal residence O.
November ,. 1920,' I shall certaini}
vorlz with all the strength have Lett
to vote them down in any position the
Try to attain, and there are hundreds
OF loyal mothers, fathers, sisters ana
brothers who will DO the same.
ANNA D. GODFREY.
Brooklyn, May q, 1921.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Brooklyn, May 21, 1921.
Bear Mountain Park Spoilers

To the. Editor OF The Tribu1e
81: Gear Mountain Park. situated
in The heart OF the Hudson Highlands
with lis miles of forests and streams
It's majestic, rock-crowned hills and
It's superb roads that wind throag
the valleys, is a constant pleasure t'
the tourist. 1t is gift, and king@
one, from the state to the people,
heritage that every one should De
proud of, and this pride OF possession
should count largely in the hearts o.
those who frequent it's paths and lakes
Unfortunately, this does not seem
to be the case, for a spirit of wanda
ism and rowdyism appears to be tne
principal characteristic of many VITO
visit the park. The general appearance
Of the park, owing 10 those who Loe@
upon it not only as playground pt'
as a general dumping ground for al
refuse, is indeed lanlentable. Ihe
shores of Bear Mountain Lake itseh
are covered with orange peels, cracker
boxes, etc, while the roads adjacent
to the lake and inn are Uttered VITA
old newspapers, luncheon bags ana
even discarded clothes.
When one visits the park he is iH-
mediately struck, not with the beauty
of the surrounding country, but VITA
the intolerable condition of untidiness
that exist when thousands Of people
are too careless to give thought io
one OF their own possessions that IS
second to none in the land from 5
scenic point of view.
c. BLACKBURN MILLER
New York, May %, 1921
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
The Coming ower

Dear to this heart though some Of
our childhood scenes may be. we can
recall no picture Of ourseif speaking
piece. MOI so, however, Lucy, who
used to rcete:
"a million little dow drops were
sparkling on the trees and ali the little
/children said, "A jewel If you please,
but while they held their hands out
stretched to catchcd the dirnonds gay,
million little sunbeams came and
stoled them all away"
"Then," adds Lucy, "G stood and
waited for my flowers. / knew they
were coming. The audience was stupid.
Everybody laughed
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
Justice White as a Rebe

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Your editorial on the late Chief
Justic White is, in the main, fine. |
read it with much pleasure-all ex-
cept the paragraph beginning "But if
America gave him opportunity it also
showed him magnanimity The rebel
soldier became the chief guardian of
the Constitution that his youth fought
against" While / can understand that
the temptation to include this para
graph for rhetorical effect was strong,
it really weakens an otherwise ex-
cellent appreciation Of the deceased
jurist.
I believe it is now generally con-
ceded by historians and lawyers who
arc not still blinded by passions
aroused a half dozen decades ago that
Southerners did not fight against the
Constitution-which they were largely
Instrumental in creating and were
chiefly instrumental in keeping and
strengthening-but really took up arms
to defend it from the assaults OF those
who denounced it as a league with
hell. This being true, it is hardly cor
rect to speak of the late Chief Justice
as having been a rebel in his youth.
If he was rebel thea, he was the
same kind OF rebel that he was at the
zenith Of his power a rebel against
those who were bent on destroying the
basic law of the country.
FRANCIS B. HAYS.
New York. Nav 2l 1921
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24

ably be basier during the next reg
lstration period,
What the people whc think in terms
of Harding's majority too often
forget is that though Harding swept
New York City by 100000, Al Smith
led by $4,000. Those who would
beat Tammany have reason to be
careful when talking OF certainties.
Joint action will win, but scarcely
anything else.
New-York tribune., 1921-05-24
A Wrong Impression
fl7rorn T'he Bufato Ernress


Children of the treaty cannot be az
lowed to break crockery," says Mf.
Lloyd George, referring to Poland. Ihs3
is just the mental attitude that causes
trouble. Poland should not be thoug
Of as Child to which the generous
lowers have magnauimously given 3 D..
Of German, Russian and Austrian te:r1s
tory with which to play az The game q
independence. Poland IS an old and
well-dcined nation which, though coh-
quered, partitioned and oppressed for
somewhat moro than a century by her
powerful neighhors, has preserved her
racial integrity and Is entitled to be re-
stored to her old place in the world.