davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
BASKETBALL

Eight Regiment Armory again looms
up as the scene OF big basketball action
and will house the doings between the
Forty Clubs cagcrs and the 9th St
Branch OF the Cincinnati Y The date
is Thursday, March 24th Time, 8
o'clock p. M The Forty Club basket
ball players have just returned from
what was considered a successful East
ern invasion the crew losing but two
games out OF a dozen. The Cincy five
come here reputed to be tough bunch
to conquer having annexed many VIC
tories the past few months over aggre-
cations OF acknowledged prestige. as
well as high class.
Cum" Posey, the great all around
Pittsburgh athlete and Boss basketball
player sends word that their Loende
basketball crew annexed the National
title. and that he is now busy shaping
things to place the Homestead Grays
baseball team in a position where II is
possible Tor his men to fay few OF the
Negro National League teams, and he
believes the Grays can turn the trick on
the best OF them, ard points to his teams
showing against the Taylor 4. b. C.S.
some years ago which resulted in a 4-3
trouncing Tor the lIomesteadcrs.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
Eighth Regiment

On Friday, March 18th, at 6 p. M, a
Joint business meeting of the execu-
tive committee of the South Side Com
munity Service and OF citizens inter-
ested in promoting a better community
will be held at the Community House,
320l South Wabash avenue. You,
reader, are requested to attend this
meeting
Children to L years are invited to
attend the storytelling and games at
the Community House every Saturday,
2 to / p. IN. Instructors are Mrs. r..
Alexis, Mrs. Newton, and Miss Alone
Jennings.
The Camp Fire Girls met at the
Community House on Saturday. March
10Th. / to o p. m. They rendered a
splendid program and served some eN-
cellent refreshments.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26

Go To Finley's Herb Store For
Roots and Herbs, 1902 Cottage Grove
Avenue.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
A Wonderful Opportu.
nifty in the Financial
Field.

Mr.. +. r. Carmichael, 105 West
Monroe Street, has secured num-
Der Of remarkable products and ne
chancal devices which in retailing
show great profits to those who han
ousGle them. His best seller is the
famous BENSON MOTOR RADIO
METER, manufactured in Seattle,
Washington. As he represents this
concern, he is DESTROYS Of having any
one interested in this remarkable
seller address him or arrange for an
interview. A letter or telephone call
will place anyone in touch with a
money-making proposition that is
gilt-edge Mr. Carmichael in not a
"fly- by-night' person but represents
many Of the best produces in this
country and South America. He is
also salesman for The Brazilian
American Colonization Syndicate and
is selling land in Brazil Any persons
Interested are requented to write TO
r. r. Carmichael, Standard Trust
Building, los West Monroe Street,
Chicago, ILL.,. A postage stamp may
bring you a fortune.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
EMPLOYMENT FOR
MANY YOUNG men
AND WOMEN
Will Be Furnished By The
Liberty life Insurance
Company.

As the time draws nearer when the
Liberty Life Insurance Company will
close lis temporary organization and be-
gin 10 issue policies, public interest in
the institution becomes more keen.
Those who have and are now invest
ing their money in the stocks are Jubi-
lant because they are to see their money
al work furnishing employment Tor
men and women OF their own Race.
They emphasize the fact that OF all the
investments, approximating a hall mil
lion dollars, which colored people III
Chicago have made during the last year,
tins is the only one in which they will
see their own color filling all the posi-
lions from janitor mp to president
While the company will only be able
IA place limited number at work when
il opens its doors Tor business. it can
be plainly seen that in few years hun
dredS will be employed where only a
score or more serve now. Lie insur-
ancc i, a last growing and profitable
business and is not limited to lew
cities or even states. but rapidly spreads
over the entire nation, drawing and
massing funds that run into the mil
lions OF dollars and carrying a payroll
thai would bankrupt an organization oil
a limited territory. Laborers, agents
inspectors, examiners. clerks, stenog-
raphcrs messengers, machine operators
and numerous other Jobs are created by
a company OF this character. jobs made
possible by the wise use OF Negro.
money By Negroes.
All organizations that have welfare
work as their motive. realize that the
WY to keep courage in the yirile young
manhood and womanhood OF the Race Is
to open TO them the door OF opportunity
Real men and women do not want
charity but only an opportunity 10 show
the metal that Is within them. Every
stakeholder, however small, IS opening
lhis door and making it possible to de
felop business leaders in the Race
The stock Is being sold at such price
and terms that all who desire to invest
IA such an enterprise may do SO.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
u. N. |. A. News
By William Duncan Phillips

The L. n. |. A. met at the Fulton
Street A. NJ L. Church, West Side
The speakers OF the day were Hon w.
A. Wallace, president OF the Chicago
division; Hon. Henry Hodges, OF the
parent body; Hon A. Cannon, OF the
West Side, and Rev p +. Gorham
Mrs. Katherine Tillis and DR. r. Finn
who will both speak Friday, were also
present.
The. Hon Mr.. Hodges said in part
that we had duty TO perform which
we owe first to God, to humanity and
to the race, and ii was incumbent upon
each and every member to go into all
parts OF the world and preach the doc
trne OF the L. y l. A.. linking up to-
gether all of our forces, so that we will
in the end free ourselves OF all perse-
cution. injustice and hatred and have
home in Africa where we can practice
the fatherhood of God and the brother
hood of man
On Tuesday evening, March 18th,
the Institutional Church was packed to
its fullest capacity to hear the Hon.
Rev DIR. George Alexander Mcclure,
chaplain general of the L. n. |. A..
The L. y l. A. band and the Legion
were out in full and the Black Cross
Nurses and the Juvenile Division were
out in uniform, and formed in line OF
march headed by the band and the
chaplain general, the colors floating
proudly i'll the breeze
The chaplain general brought stir
ring message from the Hon. Marcus
Garvcy in which nc said that the great
leader OF the l. y. |. A. expected each
and every member OF the organization
to carry out the program 10 the letter.
He stated that the Hon. Marcus Gar
Ycy had great confidence in his people
and that Just as Moses, Columbus and
all the others OF the great leaders OF
the world had accomplished the inn
possible. so would Marcus Carney do
away with the I'M in impossible and
make all things possible. He urged
that a greater and stronger bond be
made between all oil the black peoples
OF the world, carrying 10 each the
great motto OF the organization, One
God. Onc Aim. One Destiny
Clubs
The members OF the \. Z. K. \. are
to meet Thursday, March 23rd, al l29
Fast }lst street IN the Chicago Com
mercial Institute Rooms At 8 o'clock
p. m IN excellent program viii be
rendered. The public is invited To at
tend The members oil the executive
committee are requested 10 meet at
7 80 =. N.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
South Bend, Ind.
Small Town-Itis

Smalltownftis is a disease found in
any and every small city and hamlet in
the United States. The symptoms are
poisonous tongue, sharp ear. and
both itch for gossip and scandal.
Those whom are affected most by it
are the newcomers in locality. who
are ambitious, who show a tendency to
mind their own business. They will
find they are made garbage can for
bum advice, wild rumors etc. And il
the newcomer does come from large
city they are most always considered
crooked in the eyes OF the Hick, who
will stand off and criticize. and pick
associates for. them and If the poor
ambitious newcomer does not fall for
that line of stuff, well, nothing for him
but failure, ii prophesy counts for
anything In South Bend we find
quite few cases OF this dread disease.
Recently a young business firm was
taken to task indirectly about their
business methods and associates. But
allow me to say in behalf OF the said
business firm, whenever they want ad-
vice they will seek an attorney, and the
said business firm was old in their
chosen profession when they came 10
South Bend, and are not the object OF
charity, and ask your patronage on
their merits only, catering to the pub
lie and to no set OF individuals. |
thank you'll. A. L.
Mr.. B. w. Jeffries, OF the !. f.
McBrady and Co, Chicago, is in the
city establishing agencies and is do
ing very good business See Mr.. JET
fries.-Namps.
Oh, Boy! Maybe you didn't believe it
when so many arguments were created
throughout the winter OF how many
colored people were in South Bend.
But with the weather that has been
here this week, Tribe, as we call them,
has made Birdsel street lool; just like
Wabash avenue, Chicago, as heads
flung from every crack, window and
door.
Mr.. 0. c. Haynes was called To Elk
hart, Indiana, Friday. to inspect the
first output OF the New Frazier Float
less Carburetor.
Seemingly certain young lady has
been getting quite lew long distance
calls lately. Wonder il they can be on
reverse charges:
Mrs. Elijah Griffin Of Niles, Mich
gan, who has been on the sick list, was
reported by Mrs. Walter Finley and
Miss Hazel Boone as very much Inn
proved. They motored over
Basketball team No. OF the city
high school, composed OF all colored
boys, stated that since Mr.. Milfs re
quest that the colored boys be given a
certain night on which to practice Tin
other words be segregated), they do
not enjoy the same privileges OF the
other white students-not even the
benefit of an instructor. II it keeps
on ~ this rate. we will have separate
schools OK Jackson. Mississippi; At
lantai Ga, and ,.t.tes, cities down be-
hind the sun. handkerchief :. is will
ruin anything
The n. A. A, C. p. dance will be
given Friday night, March 18th, at the
X. OF p. hall. a big time is assured.
The Easter. dance to be given by
the Robert JOHNSON Post, American
Legion, is to be on Monday night,
March 18th. sIgknow You know the
Legionaires. Well, GO to ii
Seems like hard work getting the
heavyweight married, doesn't it She
OF the crocodile eyes: Claude Gallo
way appeared at the usual headquart-
crs without his overeoat ] know it's
spring now. Oh, Boy.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
The Clubs
By Walter A. Ellis

POSITION OF HONOR 4
The American Beauty Rose Club; dD
Answers
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26

Auto d a II &c at
the Eighth Regi-
ment Arm DRY
with a refresh
nent table. The
booth was charm
ingly decorated
in the Club Col
ors. Those assist
ing were: Misses
Sophronia Baker
and the Misses
Katie Washing
ton, II enre IL e
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26

On Thursday Evening, March 18th,
the Regina Charity Club assisted at
Mrs. d. Rudolph Lawrence's Prize
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1921-03-26
Drugs! Drugs! Drugs!
Our Easter
Anniversary Sale

Regular Price Sale PRICE
$1.10 S. S. S. ...........$ SO
125 Lydia Pinkham's Comp. SO
20 Black & White Ointment .21
.25 Black & White Soap. I'll
.25 Peroxide Cream . %
% Woodbury. Soap .. .21
.25 Cuticura Soap ... .21
.25 Antoinette Donnelly Soap ..2l
80 Jetum or Colorite. $500 81
40 Fletcher's Castoria -. 81
Is Palm Olive or Jap Rose
Soap .......... 10
20 Colgate's Talcum 49,. Is
EXTRA OFFER
Box of 35e Talcum FREE with
each bottle of Mavis Toilet Water.
Shop On Your Transfer
DAVIDSON BROS. PHARMACY
$500 S. State Street
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
(ha Nj (NGrantland RicehH
@/N AHOFNI IT0l / |
Copyright 792f, Neu York Inc)
Copyright, 1891. Ne,c York Tribune Inc.)
LONDON, Enaland.


dual Cambridge is always
sentmenta fine sporting repre-
sent the astocracy Of and long both Atlantic
each realm
There big back home ready to claim that
track and field ~'D''''''"'''p 'A
Where preponaerance of collegiate
numbers vastly
could offer chance for for shot
break
British Strength
Yale entries weak
in the field
yet develop weight with the knac to
compete with best They have develop high able
touch such Beeson Landon isn't all
matter of sheer physical tossing including hammer
and shot The knack has never quite come their
But where Oxford and Cambridge will along track
from the short sprint the three the two
English universities will be worthy competitors possible notprobab
winners
English Stars
The best who will carry English M Abrahams
Of Cambridge He has done the hundred capable of
"a under ideal track conditions moving
opponent and will be in close the finish.
Then follows Cambridge captain and star quarter
Butler has been turning the when pressed
time never easyto beat un
less champion happens along
The crack halfmler Mountain Cambridge entry
who is good for 1854 his strong sturdy with plenty
of speed Oxford saad and latham
who fast enough They may do
shade better faster they will be
hard to check both hard beyond the tape
Montgomery of Oxford champion with
consistent around 145o which allotment
both speed and stamina o stop.
These will likely be upon whom Eng
place victorious trip across If another
be added the Trowbrdg Princeton hurder
registered from Oxford every way and
will be unusually strong he home and
well order competing old and the
Blue.
These sweep for Oxford and Cam
bridge winning England expects to
pick little these stars
who have done we'll under English skies Their
hardly clear six feet and they have only here
thing under slight chance But in least they will
send first class candidates for place
These intercollegiate always great for sport de-
OF all possible interest
from the competitive viewpoint OF the itself.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Penn's Tennis Captain
Beats Princeton Leader

PHILADELPHIA, June 13.--The de-
feat of Joseph Werner, captain ef the
Princeton tennis team, by Carl
Fischer, leader of the University Of
Pennsylvania team, featured the open
ing days play in the annual lawn
tennis tournament for the champion
ship of Pennsylvania. Fischer won
his match in straight sets, 60, 81.
j. B. Fenno jr. and Morris Duane,
the two Harvard entrants, won their
matches comparatively easy, Fenno
defeating E. M. Edwards, Cd, Cd,
while Duane eliminated F. F. Steven
son, 6-1, 6--2. One of the hardest
fought matches of the day was be-
tween Stanley W. Pearson, former
Philadelphia city champion, and
Andrew S. Morgan, teammate. Pear
son was the victor by the score Of
3-6, 6-2, 6-1.
Wallace Johnson, the present state
titleeholder, had no trouble in dis
posing Of Mexican Allen in straight
sets. The score was 6-t, Go.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Bowman Needs
Only Two Sets
To Win Match
Eliminates Stockton, 6--3,
6--l; Ward and Oelsner
Also Win at Monaclair

Three more players advanced to the
round before the semi-dnal yesterday
In the playing Of the annual mems
New Jersey State championship sim
giles lawn tennis tournament, on the
Montclair Athletic Clubs fine clay
courts. The men to reach these
brackets yesterday were Herbert l..
Bowman, Vanderbilt B. Ward, and
Edward C. Oelsner.
Bowman was ripping his gcvere
forehand drives through the opposing
court with great speed and pace, first
defeating J. P. Stockton at 6-3, 6--1,
and then crushing c. A. Brown at
6--i, Go. Bowman was also steadier
than usual overhead.
Oelsner had real battle on his
hands when he faced Gerald B. Emer-
son in the fourth round, finally winning
at SIS, 3-6, 6-1. Emerson per-
sisted in forcing the net position, and
his ability at volleying and overhead
play kept Oelsner very busy as he
worked chop stroke that eventually
spelled defeat for Emerson.
Ward put out Paul Martin, Of New
York, by score of 3-6, 6-3, 6-3,
his best shots being voileys across
court that Martin found it hard to
get his racquet on. The summaries:
New Jersey state championship singles
(third round)-Herbert L. Brown defeated
j. p. Stockton, 6--3, 6-1; Percy l.. kynas-
ton defeated Mason r. Kirkland. IS,
Cd, 6-1 Anton r Won Bernuth defeated
Charles Chambers by default,
Fourth round-Herbert L. Bowman de-
feated c. a. Brown, FL, 60; Edward
Oelsner defeated Gerald Emerson, s-6,
81, 6-1; Benjamin Letson defeated
Robert Bennett, 6-4, 60; Vanderbilt B.
Ward defeated Paul Martin, 3-6. Ga,
s-3; Anton voa Bernuth defeated S. f.
Palmer. C.. 4-6 6--1
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Twelve Crews
Have Workouts
On Race Course
Penn Oarsmen Have First
Spin on Hudson; Cornell
Fights Expected To-day

POUGHKEEPSIE, N. Y, June 49,
Twelve crews, the largest number that
has been on the river since the local
training season started were out for
practice to-day. Only the Cornell oars
men was absent, They were expected
here to-day, but Col. Lloyd V. Collis,
local representative Of the board Of
stewards, received word that they would
not arrive until Wednesday morning.
Rough water has proved handicap
to the coaches and again hindered the
practices to-day. The Pennsylvania
crews, which took out their shells this
morning before they had time to put
their splash boards in place, were the
chief sufferers, shipping considerable
water in their first spin up the liver.
Delay in the arrival of the Pennsyl-
vania coaching launch, which made the
trip from Philadelphia by water, pre-
vented coach Wright from following
he indicated again that neither of his
two varsity boats has yet been picked
as the first crew, and the combination
that shows the best form from now on
will get the call on race day
Coach Rice sent his crews down the
river in the morning, as did Coach
Teneyck. The Californians went up
stream in charge of Captain Rogers,
to the afternoon practice.
Holcomb, No. a, in the Syracuse
she'll, was back in the combino ton,
his infected finger having responded
readily to treatment, and Winter No.
8, who has been suffering from
blistered hand, was also again avail
able.
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Miss Ballin Registers Double
Victory on Neao Jersey Courts

victory quickly in eacn match. Miss
Ballin and Miss Helen Rice, forner
metropolitan Junior champion, meet
to-day.
Miss Rice overwhelmed Mrs. Paul
Martin at 60, 80 in the first round
and then triumphed over Mrs. Fl. S.
Lowenthal at GO, G--3 in the second
The winner hits all her shots with
plenty of pace and is better than the
average woman volleyer.
In the upper half with Mrs. lie Roy,
Miss Rice, Miss Bancroft and Miss
Ballin is Mrs. E. A. Falk, of New
York, who, as Miss Helene Pollak, vas
national indoor champion in 1920
Mrs B. F. Stem, of New York, went
down before Mrs. Falk, by a score of
6-1, Sc, in a hard-fought deep
court driving duel.
Scores Double Victory
Mrs c. V. Hitchins, of Mexico City,
won two stiff matches during the
day, first defeating Mrs. David c..
Mills, Of South Orange, at 3-6, 6--1,
Ga, and then taking the measure of
Miss Florence Sheldon, of Montclair,
at Cd, Dc, Go. The winners
great asset was her battling chop
stroke.
The championship doubles will start
to-day.
The singles summaries:
Womens Jersey state championship sin
giles (frst round)-Mrs Robert lie Roy de-
feated Miss Ceres Baker. So. 6-2: Miss
II *. Van Wtnhle defeated Miss Alice Bay
ard, 2--6, 6--1, 81 Miss Helen Rice de-
feated Mrs. Paul Martin. Go, 60; Mrs.
H. 5. Lowenthal defeated Mrs. 3. Chsom,
6--2. So; Mrs. J. c. Brush defeated Miss
Adele Cragin, GO, 6-3; Miss Florence
Baliin Defeated Mrs. S. j. Strauss, 6--1,
rus Clark defeated Miss r. O'Rourke Ga
1t, 7-5: Mrs. c. v. Hitchins defeated
Mrs d. c. Mills, 3-6. 81, 6--4; Miss
rlorence sheldon defeated Mrs. George de
Gersdorff, 6--4. 6-4; Miss Jessie Gott de-
teated Miss Virginia Hopper, IS, 7-5.
. Second round (frst round byes)--Mlss
Gertrude Hopper defeated Miss Margaret
Case, Go. 6-S; Mrs. G. b. Hirsch de.
foated + ~, Mrs lingo Hartmann, e-2. 81,
INallS defeated Mrs. b. F.. Stenz. 6-1, So:
Miss Leslie Bancroft defeated Mrs Fl. II
Bradley, G. 6-1; Mrs.s Robert lie Roy
Miss Helen Rice defeated Mrs. H S. Low.
elthal. 6--2, 6-3; Miss Florence BaIlin de-
reated Mrs. j. c. Brush, 6--l GO; Mrs.
Cyrus Clark defeated Miss Jessie Hopper.
Davies defeated Miss Jessie Gott. G.ope GUa
st; Mrs. Samuel Waring defeated Mrs
Nathaniel Dain. 60, 6-1; Miss Carona
VIM defeated Miss Margaret kidder 8-6,
So; Miss Madelaine Westervelt defeated
Miss Rosamund Newton, 6-1, S.: Miss
2. Olyphant defeated Miss Estele Meads,
-. 6-4; Miss A. Blanche won from Mrs,
NJ sr bel d. straffin, by default.
Third round-Miss Olyphant defeated
BlAnChn
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
DALEY Among Winners
I'm Junior Tennis Meet

The annual North Side junior cham
pionship lawn tennis tournament got
under way yesterday on the clay courts
OF the University Heights Tennis Club,
with a total of thirty-two entrants in
the singles drawn. Thirteen matches
were completed in the first round and
one in the second. Jerry Lang, Morton
among the winners.
The summaries:
First round .(singles)-G s. Koegler de-
INeaaed Na q. stein, IS, 81, Go; c. H.
l. G: Eaff 4 /, defeated r. r. ,Neuberger 6-S,'
-; r. Fl. Kuhn defeated r James. GO,
g; A Glore defeated B. Lesser, Is
ss-$; Jerry Lang defeated H. Baker, 60,
S-5; r. Cohen defeated f. Dale. 10-S'
e; G. T. Bailey defeated, A. B. Frazln,
-, 81 M: Stone defeated Wood WINS,
IL 81; "A. Weisnan defeated f. H.
CIuFuMn, M,,,s: s-S: 6-1; r. Bradley defeated
defeated j. Pollock, 60, So l.. b.
DALEY 5r won from A. Smith by default.
Bailey, 60, 6--3. -
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Cecil I4eitcll
Picks Up Ball
Early in Round
British Champion and Sis
ter Out of Big Meet;
American Players Qualify

FoNTAINBLEAU. France, juno 13
(By The Associated press)- Play in
the women's French open golf champ
ionship will begin here tomorrow. The
United States is represented by team
headed by Miss Alexa Stirling, the
American champion, and including such
players as Mrs. Ronald II. Barlow, of
Philadelphia, who reached The third
round in the recent British open golf
tournament at Turnberry, Scotland.
Miss Edith Leitch, sister of Miss
Cecil Leiteh, the British champion, and
Mrs. Cruise, the English player, are
scratched from the tournament. Miss
Cecil Leitch has won the Fontainebleau
cup three times.
In the medal play to-day Miss Stir
ling made the round of eighteen holes
in 10, leading the field. Mrs. Barlow
turned in an 81, and Miss Alice Hanch-
cite, of California, returned card of
go. The par for the eighteen holes
is 70.
Miss Molly Grifiths, of England, and
Mile. Chasseloup- Laubat, of France,
we're tied for second place, each with
a score of 50. Miss Cecil Leitch, the
British champion, picked up her ball
before completing the course and did
rot turn in her card. She was having
trouble with her drives and was con-
stantly in difficulties elsewhere.
The Fontainbleau course is laid
along the edge of the famous forest
OF the same name, and is considered an
extremely difficult one. Trees form
groves on some parts of it, making
many so-called "dog-legs." and, it is
said. there are more of these "dog-
legs" here than on any other course
IN France
The course is shorter by 500 yards
than those at La Bouile and Chantilly
arc the longest hole is the seventeenth
New-York tribune., 1921-06-14
Baltimore Golfer Tops
Field i'm Testing Round

PHILADELPHIA, June 13. - D.
Clarke Corkran, Baltimore, former ma
tionall semi-fnalist, won the medal to-
day in the qualifying round for the
Lynnewood Hall golf cup with score
Of 151 for the thirty-six holes. R. E.
knepper, Princeton, with 155, was
second.
Only five out-of-town players, three
Of them from Princeton. qualified in
the first flight. George V. Rotan. Pine
valley, who won the cup last year, and
Harold B. Mcfarland, who first won
the trophy outright, were among those
who qualified.
The draw tomorrow brings together
Corkran and Ham" Gardner, Buffalo,
who. in winning the medal last year,
established new record of 60 for the
Huntingdon Valley Country Club
course. In the lower bracket Xnepper
and j. Simpson Dean, also of Princeton,
were drawn against each other.