Wauwatosa news. [volume] (Wauwatosa, Wis.) 1900-1948, 1921-06-24
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These laws were comprehensive and strict, bena
designed to give British merchants a monopoly
of trade with the colonies and to protect British
manufacturers against colonial competition. War
ships We're placed along the coast to stop
the colonial tradt with France and Spain and
their West Indian eoloDies The ''Writs of As
sistapeeR were general search warrants given to
customs officials to enables them to break into and
search any premises at any time. James Otis.
the famous Boston lawyer, opposed the right OF
the British government to issue the writs or even
TO pass act Of trade imposing a tax on the
colonies. John Adams said of Otis celebrated
speech 1T breathed into this nation the breath
of life Undoubtedly this situation was one of
the contributing causes of the Revolution
Then King George demanded that the colonies
pay the expense Of British army of about 20
900 to be quartered in America to protect
the colonies against the Indians The colonies
suspected the purpose of this army and would
have none of It. Here was the beginning of real
trouble a little later
The Boston Tea Party was a serious affair."
not in itself but because parliament immediate
~ took measures to punish Boston and Massa-
chusetts. The closing of the port of Boston, the
removal of the seat of government to Salem, the
appointment of General Gage as governor of Mas
sachusetts and the remodeling of the charter of
Massachusetts constituted warning % all the
colonies that free government was in imminent
danger everywhere On top of this came the
act providing that British officers magistrates
charged with murder or other capital crime should
be tried in some Other colony or in England; the
act billetng soldiers on people who failed voun-
tarily to provide quarters and the act extending
he boundaries of Quebec to the Ohio river and
establishing an arbitrary form of government.
This emulation Of activities on the part Of the
crown seems TO have convinced the colonies that
their only salvation lay in getting together for
united action So the First Continental Congress
met. This congress was merely deiberatve and
advisory; it issued declaration of rights; it
formed an association for carrying out the non
importation agreement; it forwarded a petition
to the king and set out address to the col
onies It provided for another congress to meet
in 1T75 Still there open discussion of
independence.
II was Massachusetts which finally set off the
powder barrel. General Gage summoned the pro-
vincial congress to meet in Salem, but put off the
date Of assembling The delegates met without
him and his counseors. They provided for the
APPOINTMENT Of committee of safety and issued
a cali for 1900 minute Men" Parliament then
declared Massachusetts to be in a state of re-
bellion Next was the expedition out of Boston
to seize powder and to arrest the two chief trait
ors"
Then came the 'shots heirG round the world"
md bloodshed. The fight was on. And sta there
was no omen movement fer independence until
after n wear of bloody fighting 1t not until
June 4 l776, in the Second Continental Congress-,
that Virgina's instructed delegate, Richard Hen
~ Lee. introduced the resolution beginning "rsst
these united colonies are and of right ought to
be- free and independent states
The Declaration Of Independence, as drafted
by Thomas Jefferson with the aid of John Adams,
Benjamin Franklin, Roger sherman and Robert
r. Livingston and amended by congress consists
of two principal parts: statement OF American
political theories in Justification Of independence
and \ list az abuses by King George III that had
operated "a absolve the united colonies from all
allegiance IA tho British crown. The facts here
in set forth make clear most Of the abuses as out
lined in the Declaration.