davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

is timely to-day in view of the widespread
discussion of an agreement between the
Powers for a curtailment of armament.
While there is nothing specific as yet to
indicate that any such arrangement will
be entered into, it is not beyond the realm
of possibilities that such thing may come
about; the word that reaches the Washing
ton Administration as result of the talk
following President Harding's informal
inquiries to the Powers and the long dis
cussions of the subject under the Borah
and Pomerene resolutions in the Senate is
that the world is step nearer such an
agreement than ever before
Any comparison of the navies of the
world is difficult due to the fact that there
is no standard basis for such compari-
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
Original Sketch Changed
BY Washington Himself

Gen. Washington then and there changed
the sketch, and soon after colored design
by painter named William Barrett was
sent to Mrs. Ross as sample, whereupon
she set to work and completed flag which
was approved. This was the flag that was
finally adopted by Congress, and on June
IA, 1777, Congress entered on it's journal
an official Endorsement of the Stars and
Stripes in resolution worded as follows:
"ReSolUed, That the Flag OF the
United States be 13 Stripes alternate
red and white. that the Union be l3
Stars white in blue field representing
a new Constellation"
The resolution says nothing about the
arrangement of the stars in the field.
The ensign OF the United States re.
mained the same as fixed by the resolution
of June IA, 1877. until 1895, when Vermont
and Kentucky had been admitted to the
Union, and on January 13. 1894, Congress
passed the following act.
That from and after the first day
Of May 1895 the flag of the United
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
The Rev. William Norman Guthrie Traces the Making the Star
Spanged Banner From Pre-Revouon Days the Present
and Explains What the Eagle Means

Mr.. Guthrie sees in the two blue edges
two horizons: floor and roof of our house
of purity and peace are parallels Of celes-
tial virtue" The live oak in the centre
is the tree of life that builds its solid
trunk by the chemistry of its leaves out of
the invisible, and spreads its branches, in
which the songbirds carol and nest, and
casts the cooling shadow for beast and man
on the sunny green.
This symbol of the tree of life suggested
itself early to the people of Massachusetts,.
They issued the "Pine Tree Shilling" as
early as 1862. And on the night of April
80, 1876, the Massachusetts Council passed
a resolution with regard to their navy:
THAT the colors be white flag with
green pine tree and the inscription An
Appeal to Heaven" washington's navy
of six cruisers in 1875 had already flown
such flag.
Another flag that was tried in those early
days was that Of the Linked Hands" II
was green rectangular flag c'green for
hope" says Mr.. Guthrie) with white
canton in which appear thirteen mailed
hands that grasp each link Of a circular
endless chain. Inside the chain Is n disc
of blue free as the cloudless midnight
sky" The thirteen mailed hands SYM
bolized the roll of the plantations" that
revoted and united eventually to form the
new nation: but, says Mr.. Guthrie. "the
symbolism of this flag was too erudite and
II failed of popular acceptance"
BY such uncertain steps then did we
actually attain to the Stars and Stripes
to the Star Spangled Banner, to Old Glory.
Main Points in the Making
Of the Flag as We Know 1t
The story of the actual making Of the
first American flag as we know it is not
touched on by Mr.. Guthrie. omitting all
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

son. The first vital thing to do Is to deter
mine what general rule will be applied.
There are so many types of navy craft-old
and new-that whatever basis for compari-
son may be decided on is faulty in that 1t
cannot properly reflect the true strength
of any Of the Powers.
The figures on the strength of the Brit
ish navy, for instance. do not give the
correct idea of the British naval power.
The reason is that while the British have
greater tonnage than any of the other
nations of the world, they have in addition
great many war vessels which for the
moment are obsrIete in a modern sense of
the WORD, out which, II necessity arose.
would be of immense value in certain
special duty such as the raiding of COM
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

tHe revival OF "A EOou Ola STANDBY OF
mans throughout the ages Indica-
tons point to the speedy reappearance OF
that tried and true-and stretched-article.
the suspender. which we also know as gall
luses and which our ancestors were familiar
With as the gallows.
But it is not generally known that this
important article is as old as the history OF
mankind. IL Is first encountered al the very
dawn Of history, which means the beginning
of the dynastic Kingdoms of Egypt. over
5000 years ago. King Mariner is conclu-
slvely proved TO have been partial TO the
suspender by his deneation on slate
palette. discovered in the ruins Of Hiera-
konopolis in 1898.
Perhaps because Il was the fashion TO
wear the suspender on the outside, TO be
seen by all the world. that made the article
rather unpopular with the Greek and Roman
nifty dressers for we do not find much evil
dence Of II in their costumes. But as the
centuries rolled on the use Of the suspen-
ders steadily increased until the middle Of
the nineteenth century saw them smuggling
on the shoulders of practically all male hu-
manity in the so-called civilized countries
The college boy and his belt are said TO be
the factors which threw galluses into par
tial eclipse several years ago. But now
there are unmstakable signs this season
that would indicate the 1921 mans banker
ing to return 10 tho good, old galuses in
regulating the hang of his neither garments
Haberdashers declare they are selling a con-
stantly increasing number. In many cases
dozens. where they only sold q few az the
same time last year.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

minor particulars, the main points are
these:
Washington accompanied by two gentle
men called one day in 1875 at the little
upholstery shop in Arch street, Philadel-
phia, where Mrs. Betsy Ross was carrying
on business and asked her IL she could
make flag She said that she had never
made one but that she could try. They
thereupon produced a design rather
roughly drawn. She examined the design
and. noticing that the stars we're six
pointed, suggested that they be made with
five points, showing them how FIVE
pointed star could be made with a single
clip of the scissors.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

These guns Will be mounted, for the
British on a total of thirty-one ships, for
ships, and for the japanese on a total of
seventeen ships.
In detail the strength of the various
navies, built or building, according to the
latest figures available is shown in the
tables accompanying this article and in the
diagrams.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

States be Is stripes alternate red and
white; that the union be Is stars white
in blue field"
In 1918 at the suggestion of Samuel G..
Reid the original thirteen stripes we're re-
stored and Congress voted to add new
star on the Fourth of July succeeding the
admission of each new State.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
More Deliberately Conceived
Than Flags of Other Nations

The flag of the United States came into
being more deliberately and consciously
than other flags. such as that of England
or France or Spain. It was chosen after
many popular experiments had been made
officially and unofficially. on sea and land
In September, 1775, Colonel Moultrie's
flag was raised in Charleston, S. C.. It
was rectangular flag OF deep blue, at the
upper left corner of which, near the staff
O horned white moon opened toward the
staff and in bold white capitals the word
Liberty" was added later along the lower
edge. This flag Is said to have been sug.
gested to the Colonel by the blue uniforms
of the garrison and the silver crescents
which the men wore on their caps, in.
scribed with the words Liberty or DEATH"
from Patrick Henry's famous speech.
THE color is deep blue which suggests
the heavens at night, when all petty diff
ferences disappear" says Mr.. Guthrie, who
explains the crescent moon as symbohcal
of the orbed hope of complete development,
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

to withstand the assault of more modern
enemy fighting craft
Consideration of the strength of the
various navies now and when their present
building programmes are to be completed
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

of what commonly are regarded as of the
second line; that is, battleships and other
craft the age of which Is as a rule in
excess of twenty years and therefore unfit
in the way of construction and armament
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

Our Gun Power Heav-
ier Than the Others
as Far as Known, but
Number of 10 Inch
Weapons for British
Craft Has Not Been
Revealed and May
Be Sufficient to
Swing the Balance
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

"a fitting and noble flag for a nascent
nation"
The next flag was Col. Gadsden's flag.
In golden sunny field, in the very act
of uncoiing it's three windings, about to
strike with deadly fang, rattlesnake is
outlined in black and white. The head
is white toward the staff the end of the
tail consists of thirteen rattles. symbols
of the colonies and symbolic also of the
fact that as separate, independent States
to maintain their sovereignty. Under the
symbolic creature runs the legend in black
capitals Don't tread on me-
Coli Gadsden presented this thrilling
flag to Commodore Hopkins to fly as the
flag of the Commander in Chief over the
fleet constructed by Congress and IL was
hoisted on the Alfred on December 3, 1875.
Explains the Significance
OF the Old Snake Flag
"The head OF the snake Is white" says
Mr.. Guthrie, though armed with poison
fangs to symbolic purity of intention aud
peaceful disposition. The field is yellow
to signify houseful Of happiness with
promise of wealth and splendor."
Another flag the coonists tried is the
Liberty Tree Flag" a white rectangular
flag enclosed at the upper and lower edges
by blue stripe OF bar and in the centre
green live oak with the two notices,
Liberty Tree" above. and below "An ap-
peal to Cod" The live oak near the home
of the Charleston leader, Christopher
Gadsden. where patriots assembled for free
discussion of the course of events, where
the Declaration of Independence was first
read to the people of the city, we'll deserved
to become the emblem of the nations
cause
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
"The Religion of Old Glory" Tells Symbolism of Our Flag

TIME flag is the emblem of our unity,
our power, our purpose as nation.
1t speaks to us of the past. 1t
has witnessed a great history. Since its
official adoption on June IA, 1777, it has
been associated with whatever patriotic
ideal we worship and is the symbol of the
great faith to which we are born.
"As long as men are men that flag
chosen on June IA, 1877, is well chosen.
1t has meaning message, command
says the Rev. william Norman Guthrie,
who has written book, "Tho Religion of
Old Glory, &C. H. Doran & Co.., to ex-
plain the meaning and message of Amer
icas flag to the nations of the world.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

The U. S. S. Maryland, with it's
heavy battery of rs inch guns and cleo
trio drive, is the most modern of our
fighting craft.
Courtesy General Electric Co.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

There is yet another way of comparing
the strength of the three navies, an impor-
guns aboard the first class fighting ships.
There are no figures as to the number of
16-inch guns aboard the British vessels. a
fact that mars the figures to some extent.
Here, however, are the figures as they will
stand when the present building pro-
grammes are completed:
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

struction then would cease The United
States would come along close second,
while Japan, which just now is engaged
in one of the most ambitious naval build
ing programmes ever conceived, would
stand third in the list.
When the present building programmes
are completed-along, about 1925--the
standing of the three chief naval Powers
in first class vessels will be approximately
as follows:
Great Britain. United States Japan.
100000 tons. 1,650O00 tons. $4,000 tons.
This includes only modern vessels such
as dreadnoughts, first line battleships,
cruisers, light cruisers, carriers, destroyers,
destroyer leaders and submarines. The
computation does not include war vessels
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
WHERE DISARMAMENT WOULD LEAVE THE NAT

dina
but she mboi a learn i ntruio md armament
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

merce, the blockading of ports and for
certain kinds of patrol.
At the end of the present building pro-
gramme the United States Navy will take
the lead in the world when 1t comes to
dreadnoughts and battleships carrying
13.5-inch guns or larger. Here is a COM
parison, considering the United States,
Great Britain and Japan:
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

The Japanese battleship Kongo is
one of Nippon's first line craft, but not
its latest type. Pictures of the more
modern ones have not yet reached,
America.
The New York herald., 1921-07-03

Great Britain Owns Largest War Tonnage
Built or Building, United States Is Easily Sec
ond and Japan Third, but With Elaborate
Programme Projected--O Up-to-Date
Vessels Considered in Comprehensive
Estimate of Naval Holiday Situation
~REAT BRITAIN and
of
United
tells just how the three Powers would should
ncusionn Of
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
Suspenders Coming
Into Style Again

, nee more the cycle OF change DEGREES
the revival of a good, old standby Of
mans throughout the ages. Indlca-
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
Main Points in the Making
Of the Flag as We Know II

The story of the actual making Of the
first American flag as we know it is not
touched on by Mr. Guthrie. Omitting all
The New York herald., 1921-07-03
BY DONALD M'GRECOR.

By DONALD NJ GKEGOK.
Copyright, 1921, by The New YORK HERALD.
New York Herald Bureau,
Washington, ID. G., July 2.
~ REAT BRITAIN would retain its
] superiority in naval armament
both in modern first class fighting
line in the event that the naval building
programmes now under way among the
leading maritime Powers were completed
with the understanding that naval con-
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08
FL Fiscal Figueras estuvo en- Ioa Alta
practcando una investigation en- el
Municlpro de aquel pueblo

tigaci6n en- este case. Ell Sr. Mestre
nos contest0 que ST, informandonos
que 10 ocurrido en- este municipio no
era cosa de inlportancia como Sc la ha
qnerido fiar el pGblico, pues simplemen
te Sc reducia a que el Comisionado de
Seryicio Iriblico habfa dispuesto de
una suma menor de cincuenta pesos
en- el perfodo de seis meses, para efec-
tuar compras para aquel municipio,
consistente en- clayos Y algunos otros
efectos de ferreteria necesarios allf.
Nos diio el sr.. Mestre que estaba re-
cactando una communication para el
.Anditor de Puerto Rico, con el fin de
que este notificara al Comisionado de
Servicio Pdblico, que no estaba autori-
zado para realizar estos gastos, sin
Ia previa authorization de la Asamblea
Municipal y que, en- 10 sueesiKo 10 40
hiciera.
FL Attorney General cree que Ell Co
misionado de Seryicie Rdblico ha obra
do de la mejer bnena fe en- este asun-
- srgeil iiIormes emitidos a ii por
el Fiscal Figueras.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08

Dice el .aHashlpstop Post, ep .un
qTslto ituladot la sfalsa espcranqzEaa, 4 2,
de Puerto .Ricgg i ~ go. q
DLQs vesid9utss Ae Puerto Rieo han
slaa pQhremepte aYisadps pors Jos agil
tedorss qne hashan ppf ipdepend izaE,,
So des los, Estados Enidos, La isIa es
if6rtA y Sc haua 3 labftada por IN n
'paeblo indpstrieso !; pero No esta pro- pro
vista dc recuros sufcicntes para conf
yertirsc en- una nacionalidad. sola-
Ilpfnte petlFfa scrle bRjp d protaeto-
rado do los Estados Unides eia tai
q3so,. eema le estaa Cuba y santo
RemiAge " Hein en- la agtpal dad,
Zero, Puerto Rico goza de una gran
vfntaja sobre ias Fepdy icns nieileio-
nadas, nor iaz61 81; one a ssl'sa si de
rs Estados Unidos esta gaFan.l zande
a libertpd " f,r0spsrjidsldd. 1e lQs po'r-
;torrique1os Esla naeiQn 20 pQdra
'v9r 4 Puerto 1tico sufriendo, ples
tornarfa sus penas csassssahdo la
'isla ep " libsrtad y 10 pfespegidad'
Aeitaderss pelfaaos dleen q les poE+
.torriquenos que ellos necesItan I algc
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08

!. Hace tHeinta amos los .soldados es-
paloles iban al combate los acoF=
des de La marcha de Cadiz. Fne aque-
Ina mdsica vibrante allegro el resor-
te de Ia exaltacion. patriotica. No hay
quien no Ia recuerde torlavfa. X creo
yo que no hay nadie de aqusl tempo
que fue el de, mi nilez que no Sc
sienta conmoyido eyocando aquellQs
dias de dolor y aquellas nptas de epaf-
ldecimiento.
La Marcia de Gadiz eay6 debajo de
las ruinas de nuestro imberio colonial.
Fue la primera victoria de nuestro
desastFe. Cantandola fuimps hacia el,
con. todos los vigores de nuestra ra-
"a " con todas las alegrias de nues-
ira juventud. La miseria sublime que
eptonaba el pueblo marchando al sa-
cYifcio cargo con las culpas de nues-
ira mala polftica Ell magico toque de
botasillas fue condenado al ostracis-
mo-, No acompano ahora La marcha
de Cadiz el exodo de nuestros alegres
batallones. Sus notas, condenadas por
la rebeldia ciega de los sin patria, ha-
brian sido un funesto presagio.
Pero surgi6 otra m1sica, que el es-
piritu- del pueblo es esencialmente Il
rico. Es el pasodoble de. Las Corsa-
fias, que tiene notas del himno nacio-
nal Y alegrias y a1oranzas del alma es
pamela. A sus acordes Y los acor-
des de. la Cancion del soldado enlbar-
caron las tropas para la guerra. De-
seemos' que la suerte haga seculares
estas dos expresiones liricas de nues-
tro .espfritu militar y de nuestra sed
de gloria. Su perpetuaci6n sera el
testimonio mas externo de nuestro
triunfo.
| Y como no Sc lie puede pedir a un
escritor espanol que aborde telnas aje
nos las grandes preocupaciones ma
cionales, sigamos hablando de la que
rra.
Nuestro contratiempo de Melilla fue
consecuencia de nuestra inveterada hi
dalgaia, que nos hizo presuponer EN-
ell pueblo sometido nuestras virtudes
privativas. Pero el moro es otro, y
busear SUI colaboraci6n me cimcntar
nuestra ruina. Cast es providenoiul
este desastre. ,Unes amos mas y 4.
sistema dc crear cuerpos indigenas y
de poseer harcas amigos, rrestando
atencion a los malos patriotas aac
nlendigan el concurso Gle la saG2rc dei
pueblo para las cmpresas Gil que 81
honor nacional est;i cnpcnado, hSbTi@
puesto en- una hora Melilla en- pnder
de los riffenos. va Sc la prometian
ahora. .Abd-el-Krin habia pens,do es-
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08
La opinion de la Prensa ameri~
cana cor respectosa las actuaA'
clones del nuevo Goberna
,.sI. dor de Puerto Rico

mas cue libertal y prosperidad baje
el asistena dea GpbieHlse arnerieaiso.
Insistens ellos, en- que Puerto Rico
habla rn idioma difeEente y tiene
que no estdn acordcs con
los sentimiensos de los americanos.
Esto es verdad hasta cierto punto ;
pero no es compatible con "a felis
doatipuaci6p Dc ,nuestros Lagos polts
ticos. Los portoWiauehos ppeden
sp gOl,ierno pr0pio enando
eiles 10 desaen asf, ri no gosaren ds
los medidas silleientes en- In actua-
lIidad. No podr4n nunca esperar CO..
lpcarse eilos fucra del sistema de
eQhierna ael eual son los Estadssi "
'ii.los Fl soil bos Aeontecimientp ga=
y halaanos haceh que sea Inn
posBls Isaa los amsieaaos " los
pqrtoFriqpenss d yisir Separates y
n vez incompat tlple oon los iptefsses
pell!icos s.
El Evening STAR 4 De Z Washington
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08
La Musica Y Ia Guerra
Para Ell. IMP PARGiAL,,

tablecer su cnaTtel general en- 81 mis-
mo palacio donde dictaba sNs 6Tdenes
Fernandez Silvestre. Con las niistnas
arsaas ' con las niisnaos uhifSlsaes
pagados por Espana,. el caudillo rifle
no seria el ciego apunciador de la re-
beldia. TAN segprO estaPa a iefe f.
Ion del error de esa polftica npestrEa de
IatFaccion que meta al senelpigp en-
nuestras propiss flag!
Estos acaecilnientos dieron actuali-
dad Ia tactica hSbilssima del va
mperto v va casi elvidado general La
rrea, cuyo proceder debio ceTrar ell
cannino a los peligros de las innova-
clones. De aquel yaleroso cuanto mo-
desto caudillo fue la obra de- La pacis
ficaci6n de Quebdana. En- Quebda-
ma Sc, exigia a cada kahileno la entrega
de un fusil. Y alli no Sc consintio una
harca amiga. Fl pals, sin armas, cor
tadas las alas de SUI espiritu batalla-
dor, fue el mas suIaiso d Espaha. Es
ahora nnismo el que Inenos nos IN
quieta.
Hacia esos procedimientos, hacia
Iesa prudente politica parece que scss
Iencaminara ahora la acei6n de Espa
ia. En- ell Riff no debe haber mas:
armas que las de nuestras tropas. No
|sotros no debemos admitir colabora-
clones con Ell fusil en- Ia mano. Este
fusil puede volverse contra nosotros
|y es siempre una eterna amenaza. Son.
los mas en- numero los riffenos. ST
cstan arlnados seran tatnbien los mas
fuertes.
Por primera yez ell generalate es-
panol ha empezado hablar claro v
fuerte. El desastre de hoy fue la
obra de la ambicion y del nerYiosisnlo-
Sc quiso dRrnas Ia sensation de que
en- Africa todo podian hacerlo la ail-
dacia v Ia 'buena" tactica. Esto pro-
dujo el error de dividir nuestras fuer-
zas, y creando eses nicleos salitarios,
sin base de aproyisionanliento, como.
cl del general Navarro, sitiado con
seiscientos heInbres en- medic de los
nontes, donde escribe una pagina his
t6rica de traza numantina, pero donde
ucumbe sin que Espaha pueda aco--.,
rerle sin realizar otra tenaeridad Coz
mo ia misma que prodpjo este ins6li,-
70 case de error tactico que todas las
nananas nos despierta esperanto la
l,rimera version del triste fin de la
epopeya...
Solo cuando en- ell Riff no, haya un
solo fusil nj un solo cargador en- ma-
nos de los mofos seremos senores de
aquel indomable territorio. A este Sc.
tiende. iTiempo era!
jaime Sola.
El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?, 1921-09-08

Z ssslA,s. t4ss58g q { IS, IS. HgStss Efa2s
independ dencia, como Ell las Fiiipipag
Sc circunscribe a las ambiciones dc
los polftices para igpFar en- ~ ade-
lanto personal; hpmpres que aEan.
zarfan por 81 solos Y tratarian de
hacerse duenos de I'm gobierno indie
pendiente.
Ellos debfan pensaar EN- Cuba, y
persuadirse de que 10 que esta SUI
cediendo en- Cuba, s,icederfa Ell Puer.
to Rico.
Ell case de Cuba fu6 deeitlido cuali-
do cuando nosetros' apareeimos, en-
las cuestienes delas Antiilas. FL
senHimiento americana entonces no
estaba unanime todayia. Tn senti-
n,iento muy fuerfe por la anexion
existia. Bcro la iHdepeAdeneia de Lii
isla bajo un pretectorado americana
gan6 la batalla.
Cuba bajo su propla bandega no ha
adelantado mas ante Ia opinion dc
les Estados UnidDs que no sea en- 10
referente que ssa inaependencia "a
ahora por un mismo canine Exiss
ten hombres que todarfa solicitan Ia
anexi0n, fundandose en- que ainBos
nafscs, Cuba y los Estades Unides,
SO benefciarfan conjuntamente con
clio, que los asuntos de Cuba Bajo
ias frassjas y las estrellas erfan mas
estaDles que 10 quo han estado,
sea, bajo la bandera cubana.
[ La independencia para Puerto Ri
co aparecerfa de lleno fuera de toda
discussion. nlientgas ST, SO liesara
cabo una Mcha por "a estadfdad, Sc
peFpetuarfa con ardof y por muchos
aiios.l ID