davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
ARGOS BOYS AND
GIRLS Pig CLUB
WILL HOLD SALE
Young Breeders Promoting In.
dustry Along Progressive
Business Lines.

The Argos (Marshall county,
boys and girls who started pig clubs
last spring are planning on a sale
next fall as "a result of their annual
meeting last week. and those who
are anxious for some first class Du
roc breeding stock can get il at the
hands of the boys at their sale next
October. Twelve boys and girls who
started this club in June. 1920. have
been increasing their herds ever
since, and have gone at the business
in the right way by using a couple Of
the best bOars obtainable, and are
spreading the best of Duroc blood
throughout the Argos community.
The boys and girls settled up their
years business the other day and
closed up their insurance funds,
which they had provided by each
one depOsitinE So.
AT the time the club was organ
lied. and signing an agreement TO
use this money to take care of loss
es and breeding difficulties on the
part of the members. The boys
carried the breeding insurance for
twelve months on their hogs at the
rate of S1.75 per head, which they
found would be much cheaper than
insuring in an old line company.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
STOCKS ARE ACTIVE
AND MAINLY HIGHER
ON N. Y. EXCHANGE
For the First Time in Week,
Bond Dealings Are Sub
Ordinated.

NEW YORK, Dec. 2-Stocks
were active and mainly higher Fri
day rails proving the only nOtewor-
thy exceptions. For the first time
this week dealings in bonds were
subordinated to the broad demand
for speculative shares. Heaviness of
rails. which was somewhat disap-
pointing, in view of yesterdays di-
vidends on Chicago, Burlington &
Quincy and Colorado and Southern
was attributed to rumors that the
larger transpOrtations systems may
soon come into the market for mon
.ey.
SteeIs. especially the various indie
pendent issues mentioned in connec-
ton with the proposed merger. were
strongest OF the industrials. Equip
ments, shippings and motor access
cries also were favored with cop
pers. food specialties and utilities.
European oils were strong on the de-
cision of Royal Dutch TO pay divi-
dends in cash and the Latin Ameri-
can oils also improved. Standard oils
notably the New Jersey and Cali
fornia issues, made new high rec
ords for the current movement. but
reacted TO charges preferred by the
federal trade commission. Sales
amounted to 100000 shares.
The money market eased slightly,
call loans holding at five per cent
throughout the session and renew
ing at that rate into next week. Lo-
cal and interior banks loaned more
freely Of 80 and 60 day accommoda-
lions and larger transactions were
reported in bank acceptance.
Profit taking and disturbed poll
teal and economic conditions in
Berlin and Vienna accounted for the
reaction in foreign exchanges from
yesterdays record quotations. Ster-
ling lost four cents and French, Ital-
J ian and German bills were lower by
10 to Is points. Dutch and Scandi-
Inavian exchanges were strong and
higher rates ruled for far eastern
remittances.
Bonds were active. but further
speculative selling contributed % the
| irregularity 81 that quarter Liberty
issues were steady and large blocks
! OF victory 3-4's changed hands al
Ipar. Internationals reflected further
hesitancy in connection with The u
mors OF German moratorium Tota
sales Cpar value) S22,50O,000.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
VETERINARIAN TO
TALK ON CONTROL
OF TUBERCULOSIS
DR.. Kigin to Explain Method
of Fighting Disease in
Cattle.

To carry out the educational cam
paign Of combating tuberculosis in
cattle. County Agent E. G. Bird, has
obtained the cooperation of DR.. L.
g. Kigan, veterinarian Of Purdue,
who will give a series of lectures
at township meetings beginning next
Monday and extending until Friday
Here is the schedule: Monday,
Center township, Cleaners hall. s
p. m. Tuesday, Lakeville high
school. p. m. Wednesday North
Liberty high school s p. m. Thurs
day. Green township. Cleaners hail,
s p. m. Friday, German township,
county intirmary, p. m.
In addition TO DIR. Kigan. efforts
are being made by the county agent
to get H. r. Dawson of Chicago.
noted authority on live stock to
show the film "Out Of the Shadow -
which is said TO be one of the best
educational features ever useu N
fighting the disease among cattle.
The film details every phase of the
disease and visualiZes just how
effective war can be made against
it. if pursued along practical, scien-
tiGc lines.
l. y Hull. district chairman Of
the state farm bureau is also ex-
pectcd to address the ncetings.
Bird said yesterday that the lectures
would not be confined to men, but
that women were invited. Because
of he limited time of DR.. Kigan. it
will be imr ossible to have him ad
dress all OF the township organize
tions. but members OF every town
ship bureau in the county not in
Guided in the schedule are expected
TO attend, Bird added
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
How Charges of the MiddLeman
Hit Farmers and City Folks

Commenting on how charges OF
the middIeman strike both farmers
and consumers hard Rep. J. D. Beck,
Wisconsin. himself a practical farm
er and dairyman mentioned these
specific instances:
During the early days OF the war
the government appealed 20 The
farmers Of the northwest 20 throw
their potatoes on the market, and
suggested 81 a hundred pounds as a
fair price when they were really
bringing 1925. Farmers responded
and put their potatoes on the market
"a fast as they could be taken at 81
/ but the consumer IN Chicago $50
miles away paid $3.50 for the same
potatoes. and the commission men
allowed thousands OF bushels 20 rot
or be dumped out along the railroad
/ tracks TO spoil"
/ Beck continued: What is the
sense OF a farmer IN Texas selling
I cabbage at $40 a ton. that costs the
consumer in New York $240. a cargo
/ Of peaches shipped to a Chicago COM
I
| Georgia did not bring enough 10 pay
the freight, but a second shipment
sent by the same farmer TO Chicago
and sold direct 10 the consumers on
falling market brought $500 per
/ car net. What is the sense Of peas
packed almost within a stones throw
/ OF the city Of Milwaukee yielding the
packers cents per can when that
same can costs the consumer in Mil
waukee Is cents. What is the sense
Of our paying $40 20 S12 for pair
( of shoes when the farmers OF my
state are throwing away their hides
\ for lack Of a market
Rep. Beck urges that the farmers
and their city cousins should be able
! TO exchange their wares on a just
and equitable basis, each TO have suf-
/ ficient Of the products OF his own
and the other fellows toll. without
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
LOCAL LIVE STOCK
INDUSTRY BOOSTED
BY INTERNATIONAL
Breeders and Farmers En-
couraged by Valuable Les
sons Taught by Show.

Agricultural and live stock inter-
ests of Northern Indiana and lower
Michigan are expected to receive de-
cided impetus as "a result Of the In
ternational Live Stock, Grain and
Hay Exposition.
In point of attendance the show
SO far as farmers and live stock men
from this section were concerned was
a record breaker. 1t was education
al exposition and served 10 empha-
size changing conditions and a
chance 10 absorb lessons of ecOno-
my i'm production that will better
qualify farmers for the work;
changing their vision and gaining
practical demonstrations of how they
can increase production as well as
profits Persons who were not di-
rectly interested in agriculture and
livs stock were brought TO firm
realization that the permanency Of
the nations prosperity can be only
measured by the degree of success
attained in the production of the ba-
sic stability of the world-agricul-
ture
Exhibitors from this district did
not make displays in the eXpecta-
zion that they would receive first
recognition. but the showing they
did make was enough TO stimulate re-
newed effort.
Live stock men saw the vast pos
sibilities in beef cattle when the in
dustry IL undertaken conservatively.
The same is true OF hogs sheep and
the better breeds of horses. 1t was
realized that in order 10 obtain good
and paying strains of blood in ami
mails that the best sires are necess-
airy. This was reflected by the pur-
chase Of registered stock By breeders
of Marshall and s.. Joseph counties.
Altogether the exposition served
splendid purpose. and possibly no
single event has done so much 20 re-
store confidence among the agri-
cultural and live stock interests OF
this section.
II present intentions are carried
out il is safe 20 assume that northern
indiana breeders Will not only show
Iconspicuously az the exposition next
year. but Will be in the running for
first honors.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
NITROGEN PROBLEM
BIG ONE ON FARMS
Clover Helps Increase Crop
Yields by Supplying Plant
Food.
BY 8 ID. CONNER

The nitrogen question is the most
important soil fertility problem be-
fore the cOrn-belt farmer.
Investigations by Purdue on vir-
gin and cropped soils at 81 localities
In Indiana show that there has been
a loss of p per cent nitrogen caused
by cropping. The loss Of acid soluble
phosphorus and potash was only
about 10 per cent.
on Purdue experiment station
plots. started in 1889 and cropped
in wheat continuously without fer
tillzer for 80 years. the loss Of nitro
gen has averaged AZ pounds per acre
per year, a total OF approximately
The loss Of nitrogen with continu-
Gus wheat has been about one-third
more than that removed in the crop.
Nitrogen losses are greater In son
cropped TO corn than they are in
! soil IN wheat. This is due to the
more active nitrifcation Of cultivat-
ed soil in corn as well as 10 the
great amount Of nitrogen removed
in the crop. In monthly tests at
Purdue In 1920. there was four times
as much nitrates in the soil in corn
as there was in soil IN wheat or oats.
While the soils OF the mid west
/ may be ideally situated for great
efficiency in nitrogen supply. there
is no question but that greater efforts
must be put forth to replenish and
conserve nitrogen. Only about one
tenth OF the cultivated land in the
middle west is IN legumes. More
legumes must be grown before the
decline in nitrogen will stop.
on three Indiana experiment fields
where corn, wheat, clover has been
compared TO corn. wheat. timothy
corn has averaged 6.5 bushels more
with clover than timothy.
Lime, phosphate and potash are
particularly valuable IN aiding 10 get
| good legume crops. When used with
| legumes they act TO a certain ex-
tent as indirect heterogeneous fertil-
| izer. Until more legumes are grown
some nitrogen in the fertilizer VIII
prove profitable on the thinner soiis
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

having 70 paw excessive toll 20 the
fellow on the bridge between the
farm and the city.
He Suggests Remedy.
Here IS remedy suggested BY
Rep. Anderson: The two principal
elements interested In the cost Of
distribution are the producer and the
consumer. In the fret place the
cost Of doing business prior 20 1913
was steadily Increasing and has about
doubled since that year. Those costs
include sorting. grading. packing.
hulking. transportation. hauling
storing. warehousing. selling. deliv-
ering and all the overburden OF
wages interest. rent insurance ard
general administra ton. All ~ These
costs have increased.
AS we see il. the problem OF re-
ducing these costs is. CD In elimin-
alton OF waste in production and dis
tribution. CD ia relating production
10 markets in such a way that over
selling and overstocking viii be
avoided and 20 speed up the turnov-
er: CD I'm a general readjustment OF
sts-particuiarly wages. rent and
interest-but other elements OF cost
as well.
Along with this there must be a
readjustment Of freight rates 20 cor
respond with a general lower level
OF prices Of commodities
zone Of the elements OF cost is the
great variation OF quality. quantity
and variety OF service. atmosphere
and environment. that the consum-
or has come 90 demand. If the con-
sumner telephones 10 have a spool OF
thread or a loaf OF bread delivered
from one TO five miles IL increases
the cost. If the consumer insists upon
having facilities provided for writing
letters while on Z shopping tour he
or she must expect 10 pay for it.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
MARSHALL FARMERS
TURN OUT STR0N G
AT WP. MEETINGS
Bremen Building Packed to
Hear Address on Hog
Cholera Control"

Any thought that farmers are not
strictly on the job would have been
rudely dissipated at the township
meetings of The Marshall county
township farm bureaus this week.
The opera house at Bremen was
packed at the meeting OF the Ger
man township organization. Farm
crs, their wives, daughters and sons
for miles arOung that section at
tended and evidenced the widest in
terest and enthusiasm in the address
of DR. l.. Q. Kigan. veterinarian OF
Purdue. who spoke on Hog Cholera
Control His talk was timely and
effective in view of the ravaEes
which the disease recently made
among the herds Of Marshall county
He urged strict sanitary measure
as the most important factor in
keeping the menace in check, and
stated wherever sanitation had been
rigidly followed by vaccination there
was no losses from disease
The meeting at Bourbon Wednes-
day was attended by more than 200
OF that township organization. I
II. Hull, district director Of the state
farm bureau. was the principa
speaker. He made a strong plea
for big. broad minded organization
free from petty selfish interests and
designs in order to effectually meet
the problems Of greatest value 70
society as a whole, and 10 get away
from single tracked, narrow, class
prejudices." He stressed the point
not 10 let little details hide the bis
things which must be accomplished
through organized and united effort
County Agent V. V. Clarke, il
working out a schedule of township
meetings which will extend through.
out the winter months.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
Cumulative Costs Must Be Cut
TO Bring Change, Congress
men Declare.

The farmer and the city man must
get together.
The farmer. producing the food
supply. and the city man who must
be fed. have a common interest TO
narrow the gulf of cost that ia wild
ening between the prices the farm
| ers get for his harvests and what the
city consumer has 10 pay for what
goes on the table.
Recent investigations conducted by
the joint congressional commission
OF which Rep. Sydney Anderson,
! Minnesota, was chairman disclosed
/ that the high cost Of living TO city
jewellers is due principally 10 Gu
mulative costs between the time the
1 food supplies leave the farm and
| their delivery in the city homes. This
/ mounting cost for the most part is
the labor cost, not only the cost OF
railroad labor, which is SO per cent
of the very high and sometimes pro-
| hibitive transportations charge, but
labor all along the line.
A member Of this commission, us
ing railroad labor cost as an i,lus-
| tration explained 10 the writer the
other day, it had been figured that
the wage bill on the railroads can
he reduced a billion dollars, and still
pay he employees 40 per cent more
than they were getting in 1916, while
reducing the transportation bill OF
the country % per cent
The whole nub of the economic
problem just now seems to be" he
said, "is that railroad workers along
with others must gracefully take a
cut in earnings before the business
machinery Of the nation can be OPP
Grated again economic efficiency"
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
Substantial Premiums TO
Be GiUen IN Potato ShOiC

An attractive premium list is an
nounced for the s.. Joseph county.
Mich. grain and potato show which
VIII be held in Centreville Dec Is
20 10. All samples must be entered
not later than Dec. 6. in the farm
bureau office. Farmers are mani
Testing great interest In the event
and an organized effort is on 20
make the exhibition the best ever
attempted in Southern Michigan.
All banks OF that county have con-
tributed prizes in addition 20 other
worth while awards
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

CHICAGO. Dec. HOGS Receipts
$1,000, market steady 20 - lower Top
10. bulk 80 10000. heavy weight 1913
a6 So medium we ght S8.75G6p0; light
weight s. ~0n9; light lights S6.9OM 10 (.
heavy packing sOws s. l0NGJ0, packlng
s0ws rough s. s5I 20. pigs $1,000 20 q.
SHEEP-Recelpt 5000. market e
higher Lambs 50 ZJn 1919: lambs call
and common S8T5n9 yeariing wethers
S6de15. ewes S3G525, Gull % common
ewes 81 J0d275
CATTLE Receipts 5000. market &c
higher Choice and prime $a25l liz f.
medium and good SG.2JG97 70, common
S. 4Od625 good and choice s. 65lt IL =
common and medium s. Z5N SIS; butcher
cattle and heifers ETJ0s75. cows $50
H6 20: bulls S335d6. Gamers. cutters.
COWS and heifers S200n3.60; Gamer
steers S2-5d3T5. veal calves STd9 Is
feeder steers s. 10G6G0: 3tocker steers
- 65d6.4O stocker COWS and heifers S315
a..
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
FARM BUREAU TOWN
SHIP MEETINGS
ST. JOSEPH COUNTY


Monday - Center township,
Cleaners hall. s o'clock.
Tuesday - Lakeville. high
school s o'clock.
Wednesday - North Liberty.
high school, s o'clock.
Thursday - Green township.
Cleaners hall o'clock.
CASS COUNTY. MICH.
Thursday Mason township.
town hall, p. m.
Thursday - Marcellus town =
ship. Centennial hall. p. N.
Thursday - POkagOn township,
town han. 1880 p. m.
Thursday 80 Howard township,
town hall. Barren lake, . p. m.
Thursday - VOlinia township,
own hall, p. m.
Thursday - Lagrange town
ship. Court house. ! p. m.
Thursday - Silver Greek town
ship, town hall. , p. m.
Thursday - Porter township.
town hall p. m.
Thursday - Wayne township,
-own hall. p. m.
Thursday - Penn township,
town hall. .. m.
Thursday - Ontwa township
Town hall (Edwardsburg) p. m.
Thursday - Milton township,
own hall. p. m.
Thursday - Jefferson township,
own hall. ? p. m.
Thursday - Newberg town
ship. town hall. 2 p. m.
Thursday - Calvin township.
own hall, 2 p. m.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

CHICAGO, Dec. Grain prices were
generally higher on the Chicago board
of trade today. Increased demand by
commission houses and general improve
ment reported in business conditions
caused the market 10 rally after a weak
opening.
Provisions we're irregular.
December wheat opened at 1-l3i5, un-
changed. and closed of &C. May wheat
opened up &c at S117 and closed mp &c.
December corn was &c higher at the
opening Of 4Sc and later advanced &c.
May corn opened at 5f3sc, unchanged.
and closed nc higher.
December oats opened unchanged az
32ssc and later gained i4c- May OTIS op-
ened at 3S3sc, unchanged, and later ad-
yanced Lc.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
Watch This Space Each Saturday For
Up-to-the-Minute Farm News and
Market Activities.
Making Run DotOn Farms Pay
NoUeL Exhibit Shows 1t Can
Be Done by Proper Methods

200 chickens and four horses rails
ing one colt a year. This bina-
ton Of crops and live stock viii give
fairly even distribution Of labor
throughout the year. results have
indicated. Last year the total CON
sisted OF three cows. two heifers.
two pigs, 80 chickens and two
horses.
Erect New Buildings.
The old buildings consisted Of a
house. a combination barn and ma
chine shelter and three old sheds.
With the exception Of the house.
none of the buildings had been
painted and were worn 20 the extent
that they could not be repaired 20
DE even disable. Old buildings have
cen supplanted with new barn
with adjoining shed and silo. imple-
Gent shed. corn crib. poultry house
and four individual hog houses.
New buildings are grouped for the
purpose of obtaining good appear
arce. convenience in doing chores,
economy in the use of land. and
good results with live stock. In the
construction Of these buildings use
was made Of all the sound lumber
that could be salvaged from the old
structures with the object Of not
overcapitalizing in buildings for the
quality OF land.
In connection with the develop
mont of the reOrganized farm, il
was declared that the toughest field
TO be put INTO crops was so badly
washed in 1920 that ii was idle.
However. this year it Is being re-
claimed by building magnum ter
races. worked over with common
uuage implements. II is planned
to- put I'm rye as a cover crop TO hold
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

'HD condition of Midtown s0-arre
Farm near SALEM Ind The topo-
sraphy the Ielap.dated buildings
Iud every other miuutac which may
ha chargeable 20 the complaint that
tAo farm did not. and could not be
made TO pas. was faithfully repro
dueed in the model which COM
EaEdcd "a conspicuous position in the
main exhibit hall In brief it is a
staggering blow 90 the farmer who
would stand stiU and say "it cannot
he done, and supreme Justification
of the contention that scientific and
intensive agriculture does pay.
Although investigation showed
tH1t the soil was naturally fertile.
years Of farming after the old style
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
CHICAGO PRODUCE MARKET.

CHICAGO Dec -BGTTER-Creaul
cry extras 47c; standards 30c, frsts 36il
~ 4Jc. seconds 33M57c
EGGS -Ordinaries ABA 47c, frsts 50G
53c
cas- 2OL d20k
POULTRY Fowls 14a DC, ducks DC E
geese DC turkeys 3Oc. rOosters 15c.
POTATOES-Rec - cars. Red
Rivers. Sucked and bulk. 81 40d1.G0 cwt +:
Northern white. sacked S1-5OG1SO cvvt- /:
bulk S1GOH1SJ cwt
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

new fences, soil Improvement clear
ing woods. removing brush and bril-
airs etc. Will bring the total cost Of
the farm up TO approximately $40
per acre.
Pictures show Changes.
photographs show some OF the
tremendous Improvements which
have been made i'm one year. The
experiment. - still going forward.
and when completed Indiana will
have one Of the best planned and
equipped farms in the country AL
though the remarkable transition Of
this rundown farm covers just a
triGe more than a year. il was OBJ
vicus that the model and 5nforma-
tion in connection with 10 served 90
inspire thousands of farmers who
have similar problems
Development of the project was
made possible by ]. a. Spoor. chair
man of the board Of directors OF the
Union stock yards. Chicago. HIS
attention TO the possibilities Of re-
claiming the farm was drawn by a
group Of agricultural experts and
county farm agents and he bought
the tract The place is known as
the International Experimental farm
and is FRI charge of d. II. oliver. a
progressive young farmer OF Wash
.nEton county.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

ciDts light. market stpdy ChoIce Ssd
$50 good s. 25a 7-75. fair s7d7-50; veal
calves S12H13.
SHEEP AND LAMBS-Recelpts light
market steady Prime wethers $3.50
$50 good 81 -JOa5; fair mixed s4a45O (.
lambs S1OH 1913
HOGS Receipts - double decks; mar
ket slow Prime heavy S7N715; me-
diums S7JOQ76J; heavy Workers ST.60d
7.7j light Workers S7T5d7eO. pigs S7f5
N7.eO; rOughs SJW8. stays S4d450.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

INDIANAPOLIS. Dec 2-HOGS-Ra.
ceipts 1880. market Ijd 25c higher. TOP
$40. heavies s.. lights $3.50 80; pig.
ST2jQS bulk STAR
CATTLE Receipts 1900; market
steady. Choice heavies f825d7T5; light.
S8He5O. belfers 81 25N7, COWS S1T4 -
bulls S2a4 calves SGIl3
SHEEp-Recelpts 300. market steady
Prime sheep S1M25 90, lambs - J0d g. 90
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03
Become a south Bond Booster.

Any man who buys himself a
South Bend watch Immediately be-
comes a South Bend booster. We're
Offering them for Christmas and will
take your old watch in exchange
with very little loss on its original
value. Keep in mind a platinum or
white gold wrist watch for the
ladies. Schuell the Jeweler. w. JEFF
ferson. opposite the Citiz. Bank.
S36-tf
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1921-12-03

CORN-NO I yellow jUnDH 10. :
yellow 4gI4N -. No. yellow 4sL G40L. &.
No. yellow 47izM asa 20 yellow 466l
IS. No. ! mixed 49L 040as No. ? mixed
4sd49ll No. 3 mixed $3.50: No. 9 mixed
47L No. white 4sls n ~, No. white
47lt d47a. No o white At.
OATS-NO. 3 white 1924 asa; No. 4
white 32i4033.
BARLEY So
TIMOTHY S5d6
CLOEER-S12 J0d1GJO.