davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
TOURIST REGISTRY

Those who have registered at the
tourist headquarters on Massachu
sets avenue since our last list are
Mr.. and Mrs. Robt. Gibson, Cleveland
Ohio; G. S. Palmer. Kent, Ohio; Col
and Mrs. John B. MINIS, Knoxville
Tenn; Mr.. and Mrs. Jas. Wait, New
York; Mr.. and Mrs. Eugene Johnson
and son, Marcellus, New York; Mr.
and Mrs. C. A. Curtis, Jonesville,
Mich; John Romnell, Milan, Ohio =;
w. o. Jeffries, Indianapolis, Ind; F.
A. Whitmore and wife, Peabody, Kan. !;
Mr.. and Mrs. C. J. Hurd, Mantua,
Ohio; Mrs. Kate Blentlinger, Cincin-
natl, Ohio; H. w. Scott, Tams
Brook, Va; Mrs. Elizabeth Johnson,
Cambridge, Ohio; Mrs. Laura Fowler,
Watseka, ILL.,; Mr.. and Mrs. James
HICKS, Newark, N. Y.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
CHRISTMAS TREE
FOR THE KIDDIES
SATURDAY NIGHT
Rotary Club and Chamber Of
Commerce Join With City In
Big Event

The kiddies of Lakeland are look
ing forward to the Community Christ
mas tree, which is being engineered
by Egbert Lusk for the Lakeland Ro-
tary Club, and Manager T. j Apple
yard for the Chamber of Commerce,
both of these gentlemen having the
arrangements in charge. Mr.. Lusl
this mroning was assured of the CO.
operation of every person interested
in the project, bringing happiness to
the youngsters next Saturday night,
Christmas eve. Donations by the city
of Lakeland, the Chamber of Com
merce, and the Lakeland Rotary Club
have been supplemented by volun-
tary gift from the Sunday school of
the First Baptist church. The erection
of the tree and the electric wiring by
the city will be under the supervision
of N. F. Yarbrough, of the city pub
lie works department. The other dec
orations will be the same as used
last year A quartet composed Of
Walter and Ralph Merrill Orme Robb.
and Frank Law, will sing several
numbers. The Lakeland American
Legion Band will play a program, and
everything possible will be done to
make the occasion one long to be re-
bered. Apples, oranges. candy and
nuts will be provided for the chill
dren.
A separate tree for colored chill
dren will be under the supervision of
Rev. Stephens and J. W. Canadv,
they to furnish the program and to
decide on the location. Incidentally.
no individual gifts will be permitted
to be placed on the big tree in Mum
park.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
EVERY-MEMBER CANVASS

Responding to the call of the rector
of All Saints church, Row. w. B. Cur
tbs, large committee of church mem
bers volunteered their services on
Sunday afternoon for an every-mem
Der canvass in connection with the
nationwide campaign. Almost every
member of the Episcopal church was
visited, and taken as whole the re-
suits of the afternoons work were
satisfactory. Those who were not
found at home Sunday will be visited
later in the week.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
LAKELAND's WEATHER

Somewhat cooler weather has
overspread the southeastern states
since Saturday. Yesterday the tenn
perature ranged from 63 to 76 de-
grees with clear sky and a light
southeasterly breeze. During the
night the wind veered around to
the north and northeast sending
the mercury down to 50 degrees
early this morning. The noon read
ing was 70 degrees. Prospects seem
good for fair tonight and tomor-
row. During the early hours of
Sunday light showers fell, through
out this section, the rainfall meas
uring 10.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
OCALA GIRLS LEAVE

After a delightful weekend visit to
Lakeland, the members of the. Ocala
high school basket ball team and their
chaperones, who were guests at the
Hotel Thelma, left for home by auto
mobile Sunday morning They were
delighted with their treatment while
here, and were anxious to come again
despite their defeat by the local team.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
SERVICES RESUMED

ut will be remembered that the big
storm did much damage to the tent
in which Rev. w. F. McDade and wife
weres preaching in Lakeland at that
time. However. a new tent has been
secured and services were resumed
Sunday night, and will be held regu-
larly until further notice. The loca-
tion is 513 West Lemon street.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
Coming Home for Christmas

Among the young people who are
returning this week from school to
spend their Christmas vacation with
their parents and relatives are Miss
Ellen Watson, Virginia Intermont,
Bristol, Va; Miss Minnie Skipper,
Flora Cox, Tussie Galloway, Mar
geruite Straw, Tallahassee; Margery
Smith, Tennessee College, Murfrees-
boro, Tenn. Robert Boulware, Roger
Ford, Bert Bowyer, University of Flor.
ida; Norris Epson, Georgia Teck
Marion Hetherington, University of
North Carolina; Ernest Bowyer,
Gainesville high school.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
INJURED IN COLLISION

Lafilsa CLANCY received some cuts
and severe bruises Friday evening
when the motorcycle on which he was
riding collided with an auto belong
ing to R. D. Stephens, but driven by
William Skipper and George Padrick,
who state that the motorcycle was
not lighted. Mr.. CLANCY was taken
to the hospital where his injuries
were dressed, and he is getting along
well.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mr.. and Mrs. E. G. Tweedell an
nounce the marriage of their sister,
Miss Genevieve Morrow to Mr..
Charles B. Williams Saturday, Decem-
Der II, in Tampa at 1880. Miss Nor
row is one of Lakelands most popular
girls having lived with her sister Mrs.
Tweedell since childhood After the
wedding ceremony Mr. and Mrs. Will
liams left for a motor trip down the
West Coast. They will be at home
to their many friends in Lakeland.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
DATE OF "TRIP AROUND
THE WORLD" Is CHANGED
TO TUESDAY, JANUARY 3

Because of conflict in dates, the
"Trip Around the World" announced
by the Woman's Club for Monday,
Jan. 2, has been postponed to Tues
day afternoon and evening, Jan. 3.
The same arrangements made for
Monday will be carried out in detail
on Tuesday. After fixing the date
for Monday, Jan. 2, it was discovered
that Coburn's Minstrels and an Elks'
dance are both planned for that day.
Hence the change.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
LacOnicS
TRAINS ARE DELAYED

The derailment of seven cars of a
freight train on the Atlantic Coast
Dine at Seville at an early hour this
morning delayed the arrival of south
bound No. SO, due in Lakeland at 5:37
a. m. until 2 O'Clock this afternoon.
Nobody was injured.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
CARD OF THANKS

We shall never forget the kindness
and sympathy shown us by our many
friends during the illness and death
of our precious baby. We wish to
thank each one of them, and also for
the many beautiful floral offerings.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry M. Oyer, Grand
parents.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. S. Russell, Uncle and
Aunt.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
FraternalCards
ORDER EASTERN STAR

An important meeting of the Order
of Eastern Star will be held in the
Masonic hall on Tuesday evening
commencing at 1880 o'clock. The re-
Gently elected and appointed officers
will be duly installed. Visiting men,
bers are cordially invited.
MRS. MAUDE McMULLEN, w. NJ.
MRS. DUGGAN, Secretary.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
WEAK BLOOD IS
AREAL BARRIER
Growing Children Often Need GGde's
PeptO- Mangan

Some children grow too quickly-it
saps their strength. They lapse into
careless, desultory habits, or develop
a shrinking attitude. Their faces look
pinched.
The blood becomes overtaxed by
too rapid growth; and poisons from
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Rev. and Mrs. Tropier Prentiss and
Family will arrive in Lakeland tomor-
row to spend the Christmas holidays
with Mr.. and Mrs. Huguenin at their
home on New York avenue Rev.
Prentiss is very much improved and
he hopes after few weeks rest in
South Carolina to be restored to
health and again be in his field of la
Dor.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
BARGAINS

Starting Dec ruth and running.teR
days enging Dec 30th, annual Decemr
Der clearance sale Of electrical and
automobile supplies at reductions Of
20 to so per cent at PINCH COM
PANY.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
TO TELEGRAM SUBSCRIBERS

Telegram readers receiving their
copy of the Telegram by carrier are
requested to telephone 81 whenever
the paper is not delivered by 1880
p. m. Delivery of missed copies is
made not later than p. m.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. Won Seutter and daughter
Julia Mae, Robt. Walker of Columbia,
S. c., and Miss Margaret Law mo-
tored to Tampa Saturday.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. L. M. >Futch and charming
daughter Betty and son Earl, and Mrs.
Gentry were among the Lakeland Wis
itors to Tampa Saturday.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
cHRls1MAs RAsnAlMs

Electric fixtures, flashlights, lug
gage carriers, tires and tubes, spark
plugs, storage batteries, at big re-
auctions Dee 20 to 80 at PINCH
COMPANY
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. Mary Frances Blanton is the
house guest of her son and daughter
Mr.. and Mrs. Kelsey Blanton, at their
pretty home on Lake Morton Drive.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. Whit Cook of Orlando, former
ly Miss Edith Cason, is visiting her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. T. ]. Cason.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Swinging bag containing $500
as weapon, an employee OF a New
ark, N. j., firm routed two highway
men who attacked him. with black
jacks.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19
Social and Personal

Miss Gussie Mardes was the week
end visitor of Mrs. VIII. McKern.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

John Bruce and Stephen Velie are
leaving by motor today on a business
trip to Miami. They expect to return
about Friday.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Douglas Waters. of Mulberry, has
left to spend Christmas with his par
ents at their home in New Orleans.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

An enduring Christmas gift-mem-
bership in the Lakeland Building and
Loan Association.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Helen Murdaugh of Barlow spent
the week end with Miss Cleana Bates.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

name Guides Pepto-3Iansan" is on
every package. edv.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mr.. and Mrs. T. LII. Dumas and two
charming daughters returned to their
home in Sanford today after having
spent the weekend with Superintend-
ent and Mrs N. B. Langley.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. Leonard Cardwell of Nichols
was in Lakeland shopping this morn
ing.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mr.. J. P. Getzen returned from
White Springs, Fla, having been
called there by the illness and death
of his father, Captain Getzeh
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

FAINT daughter, Margaret Joyce, and
step-son, Roy, are here to spend the
holidays with Mrs. Gray's mother
Mrs. T. B. Haynes.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Give you children Building and
Loan memberships for Christmas.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

There were many Lakeland visitors
to Tampa Saturday, among these
were: Mr.. and Mrs. Kelsey Blanton
Mrs. H. j. Drane and son Ossian, Miss
Meeky De Vane, Miss Thelma Carter,
Miss Frances Holland, Mrs! George
Tolson and family, Miss Emma Bat
tie, Mrs. Clare Henley and daughter,
Mrs. G. H. Deter.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. J.. F. Fouts and Mrs. Raleigh
Sullivan spent Saturday in Tampa at
tending the delightful luncheon given
for Mrs. w. w. Kyle of Beaumont,
Texas, who is the guest of Mrs
Charles Sweat and mother Mrs.
Leach.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

Mrs. Robert Walker, formerly Miss
Elizabeth Law, daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. w. L! Law of Lake Morton
Drive, was operated on Monday morn
ing at the Morrell Memorial Hospital
and then taken to the home of her
parents where she and Mr.. Walker
will remain until after the holidays.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1921-12-19

night the wind veered around to
the north and northeast sending
the mercury down to 50 degrees
early this morning. The noon read
ing was 70 degrees. Prospects seem
good for fair tonight and tomor-
row. During the early hours of
Sunday light showers fell, through
out this section, the rainfall meas
uring 10.
TO TELEGRAM SUBSCRIBERS
Telegram readers receiving theiI
copy of the Telegram by carrier are
requested to telephone 81 whenever
the paper is not delivered by 1890
p. m. Delivery of missed copies is
made not later than p. m.
Douglas Waters, of Mulberry, has
left to spend Christmas with his par
ents at their home in New Orleans.
Mrs. Leonard Cardwell of Nichols
was in Lakeland shopping this morn
ing.
John Bruce and Stephen Velie are
leaving by motor today on business
trip to Miami. They expect to return
about Friday.
Mrs. Mary Frances Blanton is the
house guest of her son and daughter,
Mr.. and Mrs Kelsey Blanton, at their
pretty home on Lake Morton Drive.
Mrs. Won Seutter and daughter
Julia Mae, Robt. Walker of Columbia,
S. c., and Miss Margaret Law mo-
tored to Tampa Saturday.
Mrs. L. M. >Futch and charming
daughter Betty and son Earl, and Mrs.
Gentry were among the Lakeland WIS.,
itors to Tampa Saturday.
Mr.. J. p Getzen returned from
White Springs, Fla, having been
called there by the illness and death
of his father, Captain Getzeh.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. LII. Dumas and two
charming daughters returned to their
home in Sanford today after having
spent the weekend with Superintend-
ent and Mrs N. B. Langley.
Mrs. B. r. Gray of Sanford and in
FAINT daughter, Margaret Joyce, and
step-son, Roy, are here to spend the
holidays with Mrs. Gray's mother,
Mrs. T. B. Haynes.
Mrs. j. F. Fouts and Mrs. Raleigh
Sullivan spent Saturday in Tampa at
tending the delightful luncheon given
for Mrs W. W. Kyle of Beaumont,
Texas, who is the guest of Mrs
Charles Sweat and mother Mrs.
Leach.
Mrs. Robert Walker, formerly Miss
Elizabeth Law, daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. w. L. Law of Lake Morton
Drive, was operated on Monday morn
ing at the Morrell Memorial Hospital
and then taken to the home of her
parents where she and Mr.. Walker
will remain until after the holidays.
There were many Lakeland visitors
to Tampa Saturday, among these
were: Mr.. and Mrs. Kelsey Blanton;
Mrs. H. j. Drane and son Ossian, Miss
Meeky De Vane, Miss Thelma Carter,
Miss Frances Holland, Mrs George
Tolson and family, Miss Emma Bat
tie, Mrs. Clare Henley and daughter,
Mrs. G. H. Deter.
Rev. and Mrs. Tropier Prentiss and
family will arrive in Lakeland tomor-
row to spend the Christmas holidays
with Mr.. and Mrs. Huguenin at their
home on New York avenue. Rev.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1921-04-14
OBSERVANCE, NOT
NEW LAWS, NEED
Commissioner Wallis Talks on
immigration.

Practically no additions are needed, 10
national immigration laws as they now
stand, according to Frederick A. Wallis,
United States Commissioner Of Immigra-
ton at Ellis Island. in an address on
THE Immigrant and Americanism,' de-
livered last night before the Associated
Employers Of Indianapolis at the Masonic
Temple auditorium.
1T is quite the fashion to criticise our
immigration laws" the speaker said, but
with few exceptions the student of them
will find much to approve. In fact, If
vigorously enforced in letter and In
spirit, they scarcely could be improved"
Mr.. Wallis expressed himself as OPP
posed to the literacy test which was
passed by Congress over the veto of
President Wilson.
Our problem is not immigration, but
the immigrant" Mr.. Wallis declared.
| THE widespread antagonism to immi-
grafton lies unqqestionably in the lack
of true understanding of the Importance
OF our present economic system. We are
inclined to look on the foreigner who
comes to this country as Bolshevist.
This is wrong. Every one of us, unless
of pure North American Indian blood
is an allen. and right now in that, sense
am an allen talking to aliens. The only
difference between ourselves and the pres
ent day immigrant is that we came sooner
and that our lives have fallen along easy
| lines"
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1921-04-14
u. S. ONLY HOPE
OF ARMENIANS
Situation Blacker Now Than
- for Years, Visitor Says.

sThe situation looks blacker for the
Armenians today than It has in years"
declared DR.. George B. Hyde, recently
returned from the Bible lands and now
q guest Of the Hotel SEVERN. 'The only
hope in the world for Armenia is Near
East relief"
DR.. Hyde declared that recent reverses
of the Greek army by the Turkish Ma
tionalists and the unsettled condition Of
Russia takes away hope that Armenia
may settle down to peaceful pursuits.
"Some day when affairs have become
settled in Asia Minor" said DR.. Hyde,
sand the Armenian is allowed to return
to his field and his shop and, his weav-
ing-then and not till then, will there
be chance for him. In the meantime, 1t
Is up to America to take care of 100000
or 100000 Armenian orphans and bring
them up so filed with American ideals
that when their country is once permitted
to ba in peace, they will be magnificent
CITIZENS and can take care Of the future"
DR.. Hyde came here to help in the cam
pafgn for funds being conducted by the
joint committee for Armenian orphan re-
lief and China famine fund, 403 City
Trust building. DR.. Hyde, who is
native of Vermont, is cousin Of Harlow
Hyde, well known indianapolis advertis-
ing man.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1921-04-14

made by the German ambassador to Sec
! rotary Lansing. Its momentous charac-
ter was Immediately apparent. Appre-
hension had been felt that Germany
might do some intolerable thing, but this
utter defiance of civilization, this com
plete reputation Of pledges, without
warning or chance for argument, ex-
ceeded apprehensions.
The Navy acted at once, without wait
ing for the Cabinet meeting which was
called for Friday, Feb. 2. On Thursday,
as the German Ubosts were squirting
themselves to the pursuit of their prey,
all ships and stations were being notified
to be in readiness for possible mobiliza-
tion order. The instructions which /
sent to the whole feet read as follows:
THE order to mobilize for war will be
an 'Alnav message In secret code. Upon
receipt Of the message to mobilize every
effort should be made to assemble ships
at the designated rendezous at the
earliest possible date, ready In all re-
spects for war service"
BE READY
FOR SERVICE.
The rendezvous for the various forces
-battleships, scouts, destroyers, sub
marines, mine force, Atlantic and Pacific
tcoast division. and naval district forces
were set forth. All vessels were mott.
fed that upon receipt of the message,
"Alnav availability they were to report
Immediately to the Navy Department as
to when each vessel could be at its as
signed rendezvous, or at its war station,
ready in all respects, so far as material
is concerned, for war service"
For the first time l am giving to the
public the steps which we took stimuli
taneously with the menacing movement
OF Germany Outside of official circles
the fact has mot been known until now
that complete plan for the mobilization
Of the entire Navy, brought up to date
in every detail, was sent out before the
Cabinet met.
While rumors were flying about Wash
ington and politicians were engaging In
excited speculation in hotel Hobbies and
congressional corridors, the Navy was
quietly getting ready for whatever the
hour might bring. There was neither
hesitation on the one hand nor frenzied
haste on the other. Our plans had been
made, and 1t took few words to put them
| in operation.
When l went to the Cabinet meeting
called by the President for the afternoon
Of Friday, Feb. ., l, no more than any
OF my colleagues, knew what was to be
the result Of its deliberations. But took
my seat at the table in the confidence
that whatever might be the decision of
this solemn and critical hour, the Navy
of the United States was prepared to
sustain It,
"a second article by former Secretary
Daniels showing how the United States
Navy got into the war will be printed In
the Times tomorrow.)
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1921-04-14

could then be enlisted for the traffic to
England.
For the far greater part Of this ship
ping can be damaged in such a way that
It cannot sail in the decisive time of
the first few months. There would also
be no crews to be found for them"
Let me interrupt Admiral Won Holtzen-
dorff a moment to call attention to the
fact that everything the Germans could
do to make the admiral's prediction come
true was done in advance of FEB. 1.
Before making his call upon Secretary
Lansing, on the last day of January,
Bornstorn had given instructions that
the engines of all German ships lying
In American harbors must be destroyed,
and these instructions had been carried
out.
As a matter of fact, as far back as
May, 1915, at the time of the excitement
occasfoned by the sinking Of the Sus-
sex, Bernstorff had notified the officers
in charge Of Germany's informed ships
that they must be ready to destroy the
engines whenever the order was given.
(Some other things happened at this
time of which l will tell you later on.
They will show you that the German am
bassador did not monopoliZe all the fore
sight in making his plans in advance.)
DISABLED
ALL SHIPS.
Reporting upon the situation on Jan.
81, Bernstorf says: 1T was dangerous to
allow any delay, for on the evening of
Jan. 81 our ships were, seized by the
American police. As I know, however,
all of them, without exception, were
made unfit for use before this occurred"
1t was this effective work upon which
Holtzendorff counted to cripple the
United States If she decided to enter the
war. Once in, he believed, whatever ship
ping she was able to command could be
disposed of by the U-boats.
How Holtzendorff's calculations were
upset is part Of this story, WHICH will
take lot of satisfaction in telling.
Naturally, since the German admiral
believed it would be impossible for the
United States TO find tonnage or to keep
1t ahoat, he had very little fear of an
American army. He wrote in the secret
document: "Just as little decisive effect
can be ascribed to any extent to Amer
lean troops, which, in the first place, can
not be brought over through lack Of ton
mage"
WARNING FOR
ALL TINE.
BY such stupid underestimates Of
American resourcefulness were the Ger
mans persuaded by their own leaders to
their own undoing. 1t is to be hoped for
mutual welfare and the peace OF the
world that no nation will ever again un-
derestimate the power and resourcefuI-
nessSo of America In war.
Finally Holtzendorff emphasized the