Great Falls tribune., 1921-05-11

mandate, and what ia the relation q,
the United States to the various man.
dates that have been handed out 5,
the League Of Nations to its mem.
bers?
The mandate is asserted by interna.
tional lawyers to be new principle OF
international relations. We are goins
to hear great deal about mandates
in the next few years, and it is very
likely that some of us are going to BIZ
called upon to fight about them. There
TORE, iet US see, if possible, what q
mandate is. !.
In theory, mandate is an order
from league of the civilized nations
Of the world to one of those nations.
making it responsible for the welfare
Of certain nation or piece Of terri
tory considered to be less civilized
The ideal Of the mandate is that the
civilized nations, instead of exploiting
the backward ones, each as it can,
should care for them tenderly and be
responsible to the whole world for the
results.
In practice, mandate is permission
given by the powers which won the
late war to one of those powers, to
supervise the affairs of some back
ward country. The mandatory nation
enjoys certain advantages in that ter
ritory, but it also has certain respon-
sibilities to the League of Nations,
which, If enforced, would raise the de-
velopment of backward nations to a
higher level both from the economic
and humanitarian point of view OF
course, in this matter, everything
really depends upon what the council
of the league wants to do and is able
to do.
The mandate also seeks to keep one
nation from exploiting exclusively a
backward territory, and to give the
other members of the league certain
rights in it. But it does not do as much
for the nations which are not members
of the league. And that is the chief in
terest- Of the mandate for the United
States. By reason of our failure to
join the league. we have not. in the
opinion of the members of the league,
the same rights in mandatory territory
that they have, although we bore a full
share in the war.
Tho Three Kinds.
The council Of the league Of nations
acknowledges three chief kinds Of man
dates. The A class mandates cover for
mer Turkish possessions, including Me-
er islands of the Pacific, south Of the
er Hands Of the Pacific, south of the
equator. and the G class mandates
cover islands in the Pacific, north Of
the equator. The Palestine mandate is
In sense fourth kind.
It is often said that a, in mandatory
language. stands for oil and G stands
for cables. In the administration Of
the B class mandates. therefore. if any
where. we will see exemplified that high
international altruism which is sup
posed to be the motive of the mandate.
According to the terms Of this man
date. Samoa is to be administered by
New Zealand: Nauru pleasant Is
landl, in the Pacific ocean. a short dis
tance south Of the Equator, by Great
Britain: German Southwest Africa. by
the Union Of South Africa, and former
German possessions in the Pacific
south ofthe equator (other than Samoa
and Naurul. By Australia.
These mandates of class r provide
for the promotion and material well-be-
ing Of the territories under mandatory
power. They prohibit slave traffic and
forced labor in these territories except
for the essential public works for
which adequate remuneration is paid.
These mandates do not affect the indi
vidual ownership of land in the terri
tories under mandatory rule. The
taxes and general policy are more or
less affected by such change of gov
ernment. In accordance with the
treaty Of Versailles, all of the former
German possessions will be so affected.
Mandates prohibit traffic in arms
and ammunition between the natives of
the mandatory territories and other /
countries. Intoxieants for the natives
are prohibited and military training of !.