davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15

emplacements for the smaller types cf
guns? The only thing to be said is that
conversion takes place after the war
has broken out and not before. Up to
the final moment of peace the mer-
chairman is nothing else except mer-
chairman. In that respect it resembles
the airplanes which carry letters in the
United States. Those airplanes might,
and in case Of war probably would
carry bombs, but the memorandum ex-
pressly states that no limitation over
aircraft is to be proposed.
Aircraft Gains in importance
The general effect Of the memoran-
DUN is thus to force naval strategy
from battleships to smaller combative
craft and to increase the Importance of
aircraft, including aircraft which skim
the surface of the ocean and so resem-
BILE flying boat. Aircraft which can
submerge would come, presumably.
within the tonnage limit for sub
marines.
Finally, the memorandum says nothing
about naval bases, and no one would
be surprised if this aspect were
pressed by Japan. She might argue
that the money saved at Washington
over battleships might be spent on
Guam and the Philippines, which might
be transformed into nests of subma-
rines, SO threatening Japan in her
own waters: On the other hand, the
question of naval bases. if raised,
might bring Britain into the discus
sion, for she has several of them
Gibraltar, Malta, Suez, Singapore and
Hong Kong. A demand that these be
dismantled would challenge many ira
diti0ns.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Sees Increase In Family
Strife i'm Garment Strike

The garment strike will create thou
sands of cases of family misunder-
standing for the courts of domestic
relations to reconcile, according ia
Magistrate Coffey, who gave this opin-
ion in discussion on the relation of
unemployment to delinquency at the
opening session Of the Fourteenth An
nual State Conference Of Probation
Officers, which began at the Waldorf
Astoria yesterday
"The probation officer knows best
the tide Of family differences and
juvenile delinquency that rises with
every large strike" he said, and urged
that the conference add its indorse-
ment to plea for arbitration.
The economic aspect CT delinquency
also was touched upon by Miss Helen
p. Mccormick, Deputy Assistant Dis
trict Attorney in Brooklyn. in her dis
cussion Of the wayward girl, when she
said that many girls became cases for
probation and the courts simply be-
cause nothing was done during theix
education to make them enlployable.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Berli1, Press Sees u. S.
Egoisn, IL, Hughes Plan

BERLIN. Nov. ii (By The Associated
ess).-The Nationalist press d1scov-
ers in the proposals Of Secretary
Hughes at Washington only American
egoism" and "lies, hypocrisy and dis
honesty" The newspapers declare that
Germany cannot "expect the slightest
relief from French cruelty carried on
with a revolver on the hip along the
Rhine"
Some Of the newspapers express the
belief that the delegates greeted the
proposals Of Secretary Hughes with
approval in order to gain time "to put
something over on each other"
The Liberal press is silent, but the
it is evident that the "four oppressed
peoples-Russia, Germany, Japan and
Siberia-will be the sacrificiAl Offering
to the commercial imperialism of Amer
lea and England"
whether England wishes or not" it
adds, "her Japan-hating dominions will
force her to go with the United States.
These dominions are bigger trump
card in the hand of Secretary Hughes
than the billion pounds of war debt
England owes"
The Pan-German "Tageszeitung''
thinks the American program of ten
years naval holiday probably will re-
suit in race to construct fighting;
submarines and airships and that real
dis rmament is still far in the future.
The "Taegliche Rundschau" says Of
the program:
Despite Quaker help and mich cows
it means for US nothing but hypocrisy,
play gets under our skin. 1t is laugh
able to see England, America and Japan
seeking to save each other from in
jury, while they are secretly planning
later sabotage for the whole program"
The "Allgemeine Zeitung" sees the
prospect Of an American and British
agreement and says it is certain France
will be given free hand in dealing
with Germany.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Litvinoff Suggests U. S.
Guarantee Russian Debt

STOCKHOLM, Nov. Ia (By The Asso-
riated' Press) The proposal that the
United States guarantee all Russia's
debts to other countries, and the sugges-
ton that the Washington conference
might deal with such plan If the Rus
sian Soviet government were permitted
to participate in the conference. were
made to-day by Maxim Litvinoff, chief
OF the Soviet legations abroad, in q
statement to The Associated Press.
III Soviet representatives, attended
the Washington conference" said M,
Lttvinoff, America would soon discover
that Russia is a country interested in
the Pacific Ocean and the Far East To
higher extent than Italy or Belgium.
I'm 1919 suggested that America should
1ndorse fussia's foreign debts. In this
way some Of the most important dues
tons Of humanity could be solved. Rus
sia would thus have to deal with onlv
one creditor: My personal opinion il
that this scheme could be carried out
now as well as previously, If only the
American government showed the neces.
saxy good will"
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Senate Asked to
Stop Building g
OF Navy Ships
tcsatisued trsm ssss sns,

gee his resolution adopted and to get
an amendment to the naval bill Of the
same nature adopted and the opposi-
ton Of the Naval Affairs Committee
Senator Pomerene said:
II am not questioning motives at all
but I am questioning the Judgment OF
certain members of the committee who
seem to be ohsessed with the idea that
the way to bring peace is to build .
great navy that will overawe all the
nations Of the world. That proposal
was modest. 1t was not made for the
purpose Of interfering with the Presi-
dent 1t was to strengthen his hand.
Speeches Got Into Record
while Secretary Hughes's plan may
not be accepted in toto, have no doubt
that it will be accepted in its larger
part. While we provided last year for
an expenditure during the current fis.
cal year of nearly $400, 0,300, 900 and our
shipyards are now busily engaged in
the construction, we are either goina
to scrap these ships or we are not. Il
We are not going to scrap them nothing
will be lost to the cause Of peace By
suspending this building for the period
of two or three or four or Ave or six
months. II we are going to scrap them
what justification can be offered fol-
continuing this expenditure now?"
Senator Walsh said he did not share
the view Of Senator Pomerene as te
suspension and held that the $780,.
000, 900 and more expended on vessels
which 1t Is now proposed to scrap has
not been wasted.
II believe that as result Of tho ex.
penditure Of this money" he said, "ths
great naval powers have come to real
ize there should be limitation Of arma
ments."
He said he had taken the view, alons
with some other Senator's, that 1t wa,
unwise to suspend construction.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15

amount required for the industries of
the country, including building opera
tions, and for the needs of the trans
portation lines.
Rear Admiral Davis w. Taylor, chief
of construction Of the Navy Depart
ment, in response to the question as
to what proportion Of the steel ouput
went into warships in peace time, said !:
~ do not. have detailed figures in
mind, but the proportion of steel that
goes into warship construction is very
small. The production Of steel in this
country runs into millions Of tons,
On the basis Of pre-war production, it
was about 100000 tons year. When
we were building two battleships q
year we used only about 10000 tons,
or an almost inconsiderable fraction
Of the production. Even now, when we
are engaged in constructing more ships
than we ordinarily have, built in
peace times, the fraction Is very small
one"
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
By Frank RI. Si,nonds
lCnnxrixht hx McClnre sxndicateA

Copyright by Mcclure syndicate)
WASHINGTON, Nov. 14.--On the
eve of the second meeting of the Wash
ingtop conference one interrogation
dominates all discussions: What Of
the Far East? Is Mr.. Hughes prepar-
ing another bombshell in the shape of
a second detailed and specific program
on Saturday?
Nothing is perhaps more impressive
now than the fashion in which after
two days Of reflection interest and at
tention have turned back to the Far
Eastern problems. The American
tendency to regard disarmament and
echo in the European mind.
Unmistakably the Japanese and
French representatives are overjoyed
at the fact that Mr.. Hughes's first ad-
dress avoided alike the subjects of
land forces and of Asiatic questions.
Yet there is significant tendency on
the part of the British to emphasize
the fact that limitations of naval
armament without reduction of land
forces gives France unquestioned su-
premacy on the continent of Europe,
while similarly limitation without
agreement in the Chinese area cstah-
fishes Japanese domination in the Far
East beyond all challenge.
Capital Expected Pacific Program
What is Mr.. Hughes going to do
about the Far East? Washington ex-
pected, and with reason, in view Of
what had happened in recent weeks,
that his opening address would bear
as heavily upon Pacific problems as
upon sea power. 1t is now believed
that the final version of Mr.. Hughes 8
Speech. which relegated the Far East
to relatively minor place, was some
thing of an eleventh hour decision, not
Japanese maneuver Of earlier days.
In any event the surprise was aim ost
equal to the relief when MIR. Hughes
avoided pressing home a specific pro-
gram in the Far East.
But obviously Saturdays session was
only postponement and tonight
Washington is clamorous to know
whether Mr.. Hughes means to abandon
any definite program in the Far East
a course which would make the con-
ference specifically at least the most
gigantic success in recent history-or
is biding his time to make a new
stroke.
Once again I counsel my readers to
beware of believing all that appears
in the foreign comments or in the
expression of opinion by visiting for
eign journalists. In both cases real
opinions are frequently disguised both
by desire to be courteous and wish
to avoid exciting unpopularity and thus
prejudicing their national interests.
Notwithstanding all the widespread
expression of approval of Mr.. Hughes s
program spoken on Saturday, there
is deep undercurrent Of criticism to
be heard among all the foreign dele
cations and journalists, which finds no
public expression as yet. Exactly this
thing happened at Paris and contribu-
ted to the ultimate complete misunder-
standing between the United States
and Europe.
Peril Seen in Proposal
To America Mr.. Hughes's proposal
seems specific, definite and clear, and it
is within limits, but as one distin-
guished British journalist represent
ing a Liberal newspaper indicated to
me to-day, even Liberals stand aghast
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15

lawyer, inserted to make douhly sure
there would be no cheating In carrying
out the plan.
The British therefore have been
serdying the problem vigorously. with
!. view to finding some safeguard which
fney. could propose which would pre-
sent such an unfair adjustment being
sakcn by any nation which goes in
neavily for building warships for
other nations, as Grcat Britain always
has. They have been working since
Saturday on the theory that X they
could find such safeguard strong
enough to satisfy the legal mind OF
Wr. Hughes they would meet the prob
lem.
But such a safeguard will como far
From satisfying Mr.. Harding. His ad-
sasers do not venture the prediction
chat he would see the adoption Of the
American program endangered by
etuhhornly insisting on this point He
realizes keenly. it is said, that this
thought of his about curtailing the
economic. interests which would work
in the future for increase of naval
armament is very nearly idcxl, where
as Mr.. Harding has = very definite ap4
probation that nine-tenths of Loaf
IS better than an empty plate.
President to Defend Idea
But there is no intention of giving
up without the most vigorous fight an
idea which the President regards as OF
such tremendous importance. even If
the idea looks forward for ten years
TO the end of the proposed naval holi-
day rather than at the immediate ef-
fects.
President Harding hopes that what
he has started may go on with increat-
ing momentum. He will be far from
satisfied if it should merely be tenn
porary lu!l in the armament race.
The point about the building of war
ships is one which is giving the British
the greatest concern. but 1t is not the
only one which they intend to raise.
WASHINGTON, Nov. IL (By The As
sociated Press iii prin-
ciple" is a diplomatic phrase which.
while marking an important mile post
IN an international negotiation, not by
any means assures its conclusion in
original form.
Acceptance in principle in this case
is taken by observers to mean that
ceptance finally until the conference
mas proceeded to conclusions in the
cases o. France and Italy. and it may
indeed be further conditioned upon tho
development of the discussion of Far
Eastern affairs. Great Britain's &C.
ceptance in principle, however, Is re-
fsarded as long step toward the sue
cess of the conference along the lines
laid down by the American delegation.
One point on which the British will
offer suggestions affects the limitations
for airplane carriers. The British ex-
perts feel that Mr.. Hughes's proposals
give the United States some advantage
in this respect, because the British al
ready have number which will become
obsolete, while the United States will
build new ones of q superior character
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Kato Says Ships AAoat,
Not Scrapped, Control

WASHINGTON, Nov. Ia (By The As
sociated Press ).-"It isn't the scrapped
ships that count; it's the ships afioat,"
declared Admiral Baron Kato to-day in
answering series of questions put by
Japanese newspaper correspondents
concerning. the American proposals.
One Of the men from Toxic asked:
"Isn't it true, admiral, that the ratio
of scrapped warships under the Hughes
to Japan, considering the present in
Aren't they asking too much from us?''
The admiral responded:
"Why talk about the scrapped ships ?
You should know that what really
counts is the number Of fighting ships
left afoat and not the number of those
which are to be abandoned and con-
signed to the scrap heap"
The American plan was termed by
the Japanese large and generous as
we'll as practical. The primary ques-
tion interesting the Japanese, however,
Is understood to be whether an even
tual ratio for Japan of 60 per cent in
capita! ships, as compared with the
United States and Great Britain, will
be regarded % a sufficient defensive
strength. In favor Of its sufficiency. it
Ia pointed out, is the circumstance that
Japan's great distance from the other
countries concerned makes it less inn
perative for Japan to possess . power
full defensive feet.
But in Japanese minds the question
OF ratio is linked with two other con-
siderations. One of these is described d
as the possible advance of science
which would make it easy for an ad-
versary to transfer his fighting force
across the seas at much greater speed
than at present. The other is the
strength In the waters near the Jap
anest empire Of foreign naval bases,
from which the adversary could ope1At te
his entire offensive force.
Another technical matter occupying
the experts is the question Of the al
legged superiority Of feet that is re-
duced in numbers. The theory that
. fleet OF fewer units can be more ef-
fectively maneuvered in an offensive
than a feet Of many units makes him
in a sense more effective In an Of
fensive operation.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
British Won't
Limit Triple
Alliance Talk
Continued from page one)

in Washington report that he is now
the man Of the hour in America. He has
gained almost equal fame here.
The navy is close to the heart of
every Btiton and consequently the
Hughes address aroused immediate in
tcrest, not only in Downing Street and
in Whitehall, but in Chatham, Devon
port, Portsmouth and every other port
and manufacturing center.
The political side of the situation is
equally important. 1t is no secret that
pected any political results at Wash
ington. Long experience in inter-
national conferences was responsible
for that feeling. It was thought that
an atmosphere Of good will might be
developed, but hardly anything more
Americas sincerity, her frankness and
her enthusiasm have changed the whole
situation and every one is quick to
grasp that fact-the man in the street
as we'll as the statesman.
Those who had worried over the In
experience of American diplomats un-
derestimated the value of frankness in
an argument. Thes skill Of Secretary
Hughes is greatly appreciated here.
LONDON, Nov. IA (By The Associ-
Street to-day declared frankly that
Prime Minister Lloyd George cordially
welcomed the general principle OF
Americas naval restriction program as
laid down by Secretary Of State Hughes
at the initial session of the Washing
ton conference.
1t was pointed out that while neither
Lloyd George nor Mr.. Balfour had
tho requisite technical knowledge to
approve of the American proposal off
hand, they were both heartily in favor
of the general principles contained in
the proposal
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Mexican Reds Imperil
u. S. Consul at Tampico
Threaten Life in Retaliation
for Conviction Of Commun-
lists i'm Massachusetts

WASHINGTON, Nov. IA crowd Of
800 radicals, in which were some SOL
diers in uniform, congregated before
the American Consulate at Tampico,
Mexico, last night and threatened the
life of the consul, the State Depart
ment was informed late to-day. The
demonstration, it was said, was in con-
nection with the conviction for murder
by a Massachusetts court of Sacco and
Vanzetti, Italians.
Officials of the department expressed
the belief that the Mexican govern
ment would take full steps to protect
the consul.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Steel Industry Not Hurt
Percentage Used in Warships
Small, Says TAYLOR
From The Tssbuwe's Washinoton Bure

WASHINGTON, Nov. 14.-The pro-
posed naval holiday will not greatly
affect the steel industry, in spite Of
opinions in many quarters to the con-
trary, according to high naval officials.
The amount that goes into warships is
extremely small as compared with the
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
$25, 100000 Steel Merger

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 14--An-
nouncement was made here tonight
closing a deal between Utah and Cali
fornia capitalists, which involves q
$50, 100000 iron, coal and steel merger,
the primary aim Of which, it was said,
will be to make the West independent
of Eastern steel and iron.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
Japan Will
Propose Cut
In the Pacific
scsntInusa from psss enc,

is doomed" said an adviser Of the
Chinese delegation. ats consideration
probably will not come before the con-
ference at all, but some action that
the conference takes may have the
effect Of multiplying the alliance. In
stead Of an Anglo-Japanese alliance
there will be substituted triple agree
ment which Will include the United
States"
Members of the Chinese delegation,
including Or. SEE. DR.. Wellington Koo,
Chinese Ambassador to Great Britain,
and DR.. Wang Chung Hui. are sanguine
that consideration of Far Eastern
questions will not long be deferred.
They are outspoken in their belief
that China will obtain more satisfac-
ton for her claims than was given her
at the Paris peace conference. In the
capital city Of the very country which
has espoused the policies Of the open
door and territorial integrity for China
| thew have more reason, they say, 70
hone for favorable hearing Of their
rrievenances than they had in Europe.
New Far East Policy Demanded
That China considers the conference
the best opportunity ever offered her
! is indicated in statement published
in a semi official organ in Peking, q
COPY of which was received by the Chi
nese delegation.
"China's constructive suggestions to
| the conference are, in the first place,
the return Of Shantung," says this or
gan. 1--WE can acknowledge Japan's
claims in Manchuria, but we cannot
acquiesce in Japan's colonial policy in
Shantung, because the latter is the
holy cradle of Chinese civilization. In
the second place, China demands that
all foreign powers forsake the old dip
lomacy and try to assist the Chinese in
the colossal work of reconstruction
This they can do, first of all, by wip.
| ing out within prescribed period
such obnoxious practices as extra-ter-
ritorial jurisdiction, denial Of the Chi
nese tariff autonomy and the mainten-
ance Of spheres of influence and for
eign settlements within the country
Knowing that the Imperialism of the
nineteenth century was the cause Of
the World War, it is high time for the
world to prevent the recurrence of q
second world war by reconstructine
through the conference its policy
toward the Far East"
Koo Outlines China's Proposals
| WASHINGTON, Nov. IA (By Ths
Associated Press).-China's delegation
to the Washington conference will pre-
sent proposals looking to the settle
ment of Far Eastern problems as fal
as China is concerned, based on the
following general principles. DR.. Vel
hngton Koo, Ambassador to Great
Britain and a member OF the dele
CATION, said to-day:
On the rehabilitation Of China de
pends the peace of the Far East.
China must be enabled to work out
its economic salvation through the de
velopment of the country's immense
natural resources.
China's territorial integrity must bs
guaranteed and safeguarded against
aggression from other nations, anc
further inroads through foreign con.
cessions put an end to.
China must have absolute political
independence, with freedom from for
eign interference.
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15
"S,rile and Look
Pleasant"

You can't even ''have your pic
ture taken now" without Ice.
Manufacturers of Photographic
materials are. finding refrigera-
ton more and more necessary,
The Eastman Kodak Company
is listed as the largest user OF
refrigeration, its plant being
equipped with II machines
with capacity Of 4,l2o tons OF
refrigeration.
The kniekerboeker Ice COMPANY has 10
plants srith q daily capacity of 1000
tons Of refrigeration. And Kniekey.
booker patrons alsOays "smile and look
pleasant" because servics is 50 UNIFORM
~ rsgufaf-"you can almost set youy
dock BY the driveys arrival"
New-York tribune., 1921-11-15

Hugheses Entertain Delegates
WASHINGTON, Nov. 14.--Secretary
and Mrs. Hughes were hosts tonight
st reception in honor of the dele
gates to the Conference on Limitation
Of Armament and Pacific and Far East
ern Questions.