davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
SOUTH CAROLINA INVENTORS.
Winchester Rifle Invented by Man
Named Winn of Chester.

The Dillon Herald is authority
FOR this story: 1T may not be gen.
orally known" remarked Mr.. w.
W. Evans in conversation with a
Herald man about the worlds great
inventions. "but the Winchester
rifle was invented by man of
the name Of Vim Of Chester, S. c.,
and that is how it got its name.
1t was during the civil war. Winn
was a native of Chester. He tried
to get the Confederates to use the
rifle in the civil war. but for some
unknown reason the head Of the
war department did not seem to
think much of it and he turned
, Winn's offer down Winn then
went north and disposed of it to the
Union army. The rifle was used
against the Confederates with dead
ly effect toward the close Of the
civil war. When the war was over
northern manufacturers secured
the patent rights and made a tre-
mendous fortune out of it.
And there was another useful
article invented by a South Caro-
lima man who lived nearer home.
The old turn plow was the pro-
duct of the inventive genius of a
Mr.. Williamson the father of
Bright Williamson and McIver Will
hanson of Darlington county. This
was along about 1870. Until then
al n c1,
Mr.. Williamson was a large plant.
er and used the most modern
methods of the day/in carrying on
his farming operations. His son.
McIver Williamson, also a large
planter is the originator of the
Williamson method Of growing
corn. 1 don't think Mr.. William
son ever patented the turn plow,
but gave it as contribution to the
advancement Of the agricultural in
dustry."
Although history gives him the
full credit, still Eli Whitney was
not the inventor of the cotton gin
continued Mr.. Evans. He was
the patentee. but not the inventor.
Whitney, as history teaches us, was
northerner who came down, here
to teach school. He taught near
Hamburg. an old town on this
side Of the Savannah river oppo-
site the city of Augusta. The real
inventor of the cotton gin, strange
as it may seem. was aneold neGroA
a slave. Before the gin was in
vented they used the old method of
rolling out" the lint cotton. This
was a slow process. This old ne
gro conceived the idea of putting
nails in the rollers with the small
ends pointing outward. 1t was
success. The nails stripped the lint
from the seed with a great deal
less labor Whitney saw the in
vention and built a machine with
brushes that would work against
the protruding nails, and from this
crude affair he evolved the present
day cotton gin. 1t is true that ne
improved on the old negro's idea,
but the idea Of the cotton gin orig
mated in the brain Of this old slav-
cry darley.'
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
\ Birthday Party.

On "Wednesday evening az his
homo on Broad street, Mr.. W. w.
Rowland celebrated his 9th birth
day. y bird supper was served.
Mr.. Rowland is in the best of health
and there seems to be several more
years in store for him. 1t can be
truly said of him that he is sixty
seven years young" rather than
old. Air. Rowland's relatives en-
joyins the occasion with him and
Mrs. Rowland. We're Mr.. and Mrs.
c. G. Rowland. Nh. and Mrs. S. X.
Rowland. Mr.. and Mrs. W. s.
Daughtery, Mr and Mrs. W. L.
Moore. Mr.. and Mrs. J. j. Rowland,
Mr.. and Mrs. H. NJ. Rowland. Mr..
and Mrs. Earle Rowland. Miss
Tiorine Rowland of Asheville. \.
G., Mr.. George Rowland. Misses
Annie, Elizabeth, and S. X. Row
land. il. Jasper and H. NJ. Row
land. .yr.. and little Miss Mary
Daughtery.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
The Doctors Feast.

The Sumter County Medical So
ciety held its regular monthly
meeting Thursday at the Nurses
Home. The following officers were
elected for the ensuing year:
DR.. C. B. Epps. president; DR.. D.
w. Green. vice president; DR.. II. l..
Shaw, secretary and treasurer.
AS was customary there was no
scientific program at this meeting.
being the regular annual meeting
for the election Of officers.
After the meeting a big banquet
was served at the Imperial Cafe
and was very much enjoyed by all.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

l:*ilment Of these courts will profit
by these experiences. and be gov-
er1ed accordingly. Soon after the
close of the war between the states.
The Radical government forced a
county court upon at least one
county which the people felt was
an imposition. and as soon as 1t was
possible fer thew to DO 50 they got
rid O: it. We do not know in how
,,.;,.2* other counties they were cs-
ts;!5:i:;hcd. hut VIC Go know that
wacn fhr sat government was
y-r2..tel c"c!a tii2 hands Of the car
Do.!..:l.",,.":,s an,i .scaiawaSs there
were 10 .??crc county courts.-An-
G,crson Daily Nail.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
"Cockney" Once Molly-Coddlc.

The word "Cockney." as used by
writer's of a few centuries ago.
meant molly-coddle or person
that had been coded too much by
his mother. Then the word was
transferred to Londoners by those
living outside the city, because city
life was held to make them less
virile than the countryman. Later
on the word was used u designate
the particular class of Londoners.
who whatever they may be at the
present are surely not molly
cOddlHS
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
State Baptist
Convention
Officers Reelected For Anoth-
er Year. VIII Meet in Rock
Hill Next Year

Greenviile, Dec. S.-At the clos
ing sessions of the. State Baptist
cenyention here today, Rock Hill
was chosen as the place for the
next meeting, and officers We're
elected to serve duringathc ensuing
Year.
All the principal officers Of the
convention were reelected unani-
mously at the closing session of
the convention tonight. They are:
sJ. 3. Lawton, Hartsyille, president;
8 w. C. Allen, Dillon. secretary; A.
b. Kennedy, Safuda. assistant sec
retary; DR.. 7. Jamison, Green
vile, vice president; DR.. j. r. Je-
ter, Greenwood. vice president.
Richard Carroll. of Columbia,
and P. Watson. president of
Morris College. both well known
negro Baptists. spoke at the con-
yeision tonight. e.'ss.-,.,-;
The closing day was featured by
the..centennfal celebration session,
held this morning, at which time
am historical sketch of the con.
Fention since It's organization an
Columbia one hundred years ago,
was given by Or. w. Nc
Glotnlin, president Of Furnsan
Unsversity, and addresses were
heard from &c. Dargan. 1secre-
tary of the Southern Baptist Sum
day School board, Nashville, Ten6.,
and from DR.. e. =. Mullins, Of
Louisville, KY. president of the
Southern Baptist convention and of,
the Southern Baptist Theological
Seminary. 4 crowd estimated at
mere tEan 2soo0 attended the cele-
bration. Hundreds were turned
away because of lack of space, and
atnumber stood during the almost
four hours Of session.
The remainder Of the day was
consumed chiefly with routine
business matters.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
Mail Early and Often.
(By Annie P. Schirmer, Clerk in
New Rochelle On. " Postof1ice)

(By Annie P. Schirmer, Clerk in
New Rochelle On. V Postof1ice).
The Christmastide is drawing near,
When parcel post looms high,
The clerks and postmen plead with
MAIL EARLY is their cry.
Of course you want your friends
to get
Their gifts by Christmas day,
And Uncle Sam will back you up
If you mail them right away.
But if you keep on waiting
Until the last few days,
There'll be congestion in the mails
And terrible delays.
Just think how disappointed
The kiddies all would be,
If Your presents came too late
To hang on the Christmas tree
Your gifts need not be opened
If a paster you will use;
Don't open until Christmas,
Is a seal that you should choose.
I wonder. if you realize
The hardships of the clerks,
II you neglect to mail THIS WEEK,
And thus your duty shirk.
And picture the poor postmen
Laden down with shoulders lame:
For altho 'tis Merry Christmas
They must all work just the same.
SO remember, friends, ALL
ARLY,
If you'd spread the Christmas
cheer.
NAIL EARLY, and NAH. OFTEN
And delays you need not fear.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

People subject to quick depres-
sior OF spirits can take comfort in
the thought that the desperate
condition Of the Washington con-
ference is mostly due 70 the deS-
perate needs Of SOM of the cores
pondents for copy.-Detroit Free
Press
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
Canning Factory Meeting.

a meeting Of the subscribers to
stock in the canning factory will
be held Monday afternoon at 4
o clock in tie Chamber of Com
merce. III persons Interested in
growing truck are cordially invited
to attend whether they have al
ready subscribed TO stock Or not.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
Program For One Horse Farm.

Program For One Horse Farm.
The whole of boil weevil control
is one Of farm management. Those
sections Of the country that have
met the weevil successfully and
have become prosperous with the
weevil present have done SO by
putting into practice a better bal
anced system of farming than has
been practiced in the south during
the past many years. This system
of farming provides for. a self-sup-
porting farm with proper atten-
ton to the following features:
/. Produce staple food and feed
crops for landlord, tenants and live
stock.
2. Provide an all-year home
garden.
3. Provide and care for good
home orchard.
4. Provide enough COWS to pro-
duce milk enough for all families
on the farm.
5. Provide sufficient hogs and
poultry for entire farm.
Where such plan has been put
into practice. one horse farm has
been divided about as follows:
Cotton acres, followed by small
grain.
Corn G acres, with peas or velvet
beans, this to be followed by cot
ton next year.
Small grain acres, which con-
sists of 2 acres oats, 2 acres
wheat, 2 acres rye. All small grain
to be followed by summer 'legumes
for hay and soil improvement and
this to be followed by crimson Glow
er or vetch in winter to provide
seed and to be turned for corn the
following year.
Patches acres. This to consist
of sweet potatoes. Irish, potatoes.
syrup cane, peanuts and various
summer and winter vegetables.
Where this program is put into
practice it provides every facility
for properly balancing the farm,
maintaining soil fertility, furnish
ing necessary food and feeds. and
for the maximum Of cotton.
Persons who have made care
full study of cotton growing under
boil weevil conditions have found
that it is grown profitably and sue
cessfully only by those farmers
who give proper attention to the
following factors:
/. Early fail destruction Of
stalks.
.. Winter cleaning of hedges,
ditch banks, terraces, etc.
g. Thorough preparation Of soil
before planting cotton.
4. Planting only approved va
rieties.
5. Planting as earl. as safety
will permit.
6. Judic;ous fcrtilizing, using
liberal application fertilizer high in
PHOSPHORUS, but no late .appllca-
ton of soda.
I. Rapid cultivation to later
date than usual. until crop is made.
s. Picking early wecvils and
first punctured squares at least
through June.
8. Use of winter cover crops to
maintain SOL fertility and prevent
liberation Of weevils in cotton
fields
There is no single factor which
will control the weevil. but a rigid
application of all Of the foregoing
factors is the only hope OF success.
S. NJ. BYARS,
County Agent. Anderson County.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
Chicago Opium
). Joint Raided
Police Squad Arrest Thirty
Chinese and Sieze Drugs

Chicago. Dec. s.-wllliam H.
Williams. police Inspector, with a
dozen assistants last night raided
the most elaborate opium smoking
establishment ever. found in Chi
cago. He arrested thirty Chinese
and confiscated a two hundred
thousand dollar supplyzof drugs.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14
Packers Declare
Open Shop
Precautions Taken to Prevent
Disorder in Packing
Centers

st. Louis. Dec. 9.-Eleven indie
pendent packing companies have
signed and published a notice that
they would establish "open shop"
on January 2nd and reduce wages.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Comparatively few are ac-
ouainted with the story Of Joel r.
Poinset,, and fewer still know that
he spent his last years In Sumter
county and that his body lies, in
the church, yard Of the Church OF
the Holy Cross, Stateburg.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Augusta, Ca, Dec. 1.-Two ban
dts. who held held up the Office Of
the Sibley Manufacturing Com
pany and seized the eight thousand
dollar payroll. were captured few
minutes later, after exchanging
sshats with their pursuers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

yoliva has made $4,000, 600 for
Zion City in ten years. One of his
drastic reforms must be no buttons
in the contribution plate.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

The can" is to be found in both
American and Canadian. The con-
ference might make note of this
fact-Cincinnati Enquirer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

cohan's new style chorus girls
so wear clothes must be awfully
esaa when the show is over.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

The man who inherited three
msttress factories fell into some
thing pretty soft.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

4 man wants a divorce because
his wife spent his money on mats.
Money often goes to the head.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

A good receipe for Christmas
candy is: Lead him past one candy
store and tell him how hungry
YOU are"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Some of the wolves at Russia's
door are inside.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

A man Will. an ugly wife alwa:s
has a pretty stnographer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Sleep is pronounced by a doctor
as only habit y rhonosraph in
l he flat above VIII break the habit.
News
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

''I am laying for the consumer"
says the hen. But the cold storage
men lay for us also.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

# skirts are growing shorter
legS are growing longer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

yoliva says the world is fat. He
could also add "broke' and not be
far wrong.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

It is impolite for woman to
stand on a mans feet when he is
sitting in a street car.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

About as much paper is beng
,asted in discussing the German
,narks as in priting the things.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Problem for Billy Evans: II one
fullback makes three touchdowns.
how many will sober one make??'
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Indiana says she has 500 poets
knowing it would leak out anyway.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

When a hen lays nickel egg
she has a right to cackle.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Among our most prominent miss
ing people are several mali rob-
DerS.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Virginia Rappe must have
laughed herself to death.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Best place for a Weekend is the
aSylum.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

A good naval ratio would be
0-G-9.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1921-12-14

Dcbs isn't at liberty to say much.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23
WISDOM ABOVE PEACE TYPE
 MUST PREVAIL IN ARMS FARLEY TO ASSURE SUCCESS, SAYS EDITOR
Party Leader and Student of Japanese Prob lem on West Coast, Says More Vision Is
 Need of the Hour.

tnre made it beautSul and everything man has done to it has made it more so- The only ugly things in Japan are European houses and European clothes Every native thing even the humblest, like a woodpile or a straw stack, shows the touch of conscious art The holidays commemorate usu- ally not the anniversary of events. but the btossoming Of flowers or the pil- grlnages to the famous beauty spots It is respectable to rave over beauty in Japan and manly to write spring poetry The same artistic sense pre- Yalls Tn the manners and life of the japanese They are a graceful at tractfye people who have adorned a beautiful country. It is no wonder 1mpressionable travellers bring back a poeuzed conception of Japan.
 ''Cal1fornianS are acutely conscious that there is another side and no one who observes Japanese conditions can avoid being struck by the analogy he
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

tween the present organization and tsituation of Japan and that of pre- war Germany. Just as there .Were plenty of Germans with sound views before 1914, 50 are there plenty of l Huti- ni1itaristS and liberals in Japan 1 now. But Germany was so organized 1 that only the forces which were drlv- | ing the world toward war could make themselves effective in government There is the same artificial unity of policy by Japan and the same ob- struiction in the very mechanism or government, to Gcontrof by the non mi1itaris.s even if they were in the majority. The same forces are work ing toward the same logical end But the safety is that the world, including Japan, has had Germany's warning. Forewarned is forearmed, or
 better still, forestalied. Long before things come to an impaSSe the good
 sense of both countries should be able
 to avert a foreseen calamity If the international experts who assemble in Washington in November to play on the chess board of diplomacy will but show a.. little more character. little
 more sense and a. great deal more inn
 agination than their predecessors at Versailles, they may demonstrate that
 the human race is at least morally
 fit to be trusted with the forces which it's intelligence has discovered. China Over-Populated
 The tremendous man-poWer or
 China principally impressed Powell.
 .-The only thing that there is
 enough of in China is men, he said. ''Everything else has to be econom- ized, but human muscle is used with deliberate extravaganza. All work is done in dhe hardest and most inefIi- cient way. just to make more jobs. What machines and animals do in America, men do in China. The cooIie is almost the only beast of bur den. But though ignorant and su- perstitious, the coolie is not stupid.
 And there are 400, 100000 of them" Rowen, speaking on What I Saw | in China and Japan recently, gave some desultory observations on his recent visit to the Orient A nasty trip, he said. gives mere moving picture glimpse, but the camera can | record only what appeals to the sense | of sight In city like Canton, where 100000 people are crowded in a l space the size of the city of Fresno, | without a sewer and with the only | women with large baskets, naturally | there are other unphotogra.phic | sights.
 China" said Powell. ais a human ocean, for no matter how much you | pump out of the ocean, the level is emigration from China could decrease it's population. The law of subtrac- Ition fails when crossed by the law of multiplication The birth rate in China consists of all the child bear ing power of all it's women during all
 their chiId-bearing years Most of
 the children die in infancy and most
 of the rest die young. These swarm
 ing millions are the remainder. Elk
 port any conceivable number, even
 hundreds of millions. and their places
 would be taken immediately.
 'aIhe only possible policy for Cali
 fornfa, as the e-keeperS of the ra-
 cial froutieer. is mo 1eakage.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

denly between nations; also between neighbors and fellow citizens As earthquakes alter Sthe face of the earth, so the war has created it's own political. mental and spiritual geog- raphy."
 Rising barriers between races are results of the World War, according to Dr. Steiner, who declared:
 ''1n the United States the relation between blacks and whites is growing more tense. and a general race war seem only Q matter of time
 "Our anti-Japanese and anti ex1- can attitude is more bitter because of the race factor.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23
ANTI-RACE WAR
 MATTER OF TIME
Sociologist Forsees Clash ing of Bloods, Claims National Will" Alone Can Avert It.

Greeley, Colo, Sept zs--Creatfon of a national will" which will over come the obstacles of race antagon- ism, will be the salvation of America, Dr. Edward A Steiner, professor of sociology at Grinneu College, Iowa, told a class at the Colorado Teach CTS College here
 When the decay of the American race comes it will be through lack of spiritual life rather than through lack of certain pure blood strains, Dr. Steiner declared.
 "Our salvation lies in the creation of a nation will which can overcome even the handicaps of race" he as
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

l lures here on the Problems of Race ''
 Speaking on the World War, he said:
 '"The fdealistic war aims were not realized, because it is not the nature Of war to realize them. The world is not safe for democracy; neither has the earth been made better place for men and women. Internationalfsm is consumed by a fierce nationalisIn. and the instinct for separation has all but crushed the desire for unity.
 The advance of the means of com munication as 8 help toward cultural and spiritual unity has been checked by great chasmS which opened sud-
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23
THE BRIDGEPORT TIMES

f serted Nations become what they will to be. and the maintenance of that Will lies very much in the hands of the school teachers of our land. Our salvation depends upon a deter imitation to live like the sons of God This will save us more than the de- termination to keep our blood strains pure, task that is impossible.
 ''We are Americans. and we have shown the world the miracle of the Stars ana Stripes; now we must show the world the miracle of the Gross the great spiritual atonement through which the world can be saved"
 Dr. steiner delivered a series of Iec-
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23
By ELLIS H. MARTIN international News Service Staff
Correspondent

correspondent
 Ban Francisco, Sept. 23. More cnaracter, more sense and a. great .deh more imagination than was dis played at Versailles should enter into the November disarmament confer ence in Washington if it is be a suc- cess, in the opinion of Chester Row ell, for many years a leading CaIifor- ma editor and now a member of the State Railroad Commission
 Howell recently returned from a trip to the Orient He found in Japan much the same forces working mat were uppermost in Germany he fore 1914, but declared that the good sense of both the United States and Japan should be able to avert a. fore seen calamity
 Unity of Policy Weak
 Japan is certainly a very attrac- tive country. Powell declares 'rNa-
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

And an anti-Jewish campaign Is on and may become factor in nationa13 politics and business"
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

A Serbian force disguised as AIoan Il ian n1ountaineers has begun an inya Fl sion of Albania, according to te1e-] grams received l1y Albanian deIegateS| to the League of Nations.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

Commercial Cable Co.,, announce the Jarnaica-Ioort Rico cable Is. red
 paired. restoring direct comn1uni.ssL-' ton xrith Virgin Islands an1 British NLeSt IndleS s...-s.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1921-09-23

We out to increase gross volume of sales this Fall-and there you have the reason for these wider than ordinary values.