davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07

of this nation are little concerned
over this serious situation as they
seem to regard the. gold which we
have acquired during and since the
war as a fixed addition to the pre-
war gold reserve Of this country.
No consideration has been given
to the fact that the loss Of this gold
to the reserves Of foreign nations
has had a marked effect in depre-
ciating their currencies and there
fore their purchasing power in this
market. If the purchasing power
of the remainder of the world is to
increase to the prewar normal when
currencies were at par, this gold
must inevitably be returned to the
gold reserves of such nations. Fail
ing to do this, our export trade will
continue to decline with its serious
consequences upon the prosperity
of the country.
"The gold production of the
world this year probably will not
exceed $780, 100000, while the Unit
ed States will probably not pro-
duce more than $42,0oo,o0o. Numer-
ically more than rs per cent of the
properties which produced gold in
this country in 1915 have been clos
ed, down allowed to fill with water,
and expensive surface equipment to
disintegrate. The gold producing
power of the nation has been seri-
ously crippled and with continued
"watchful-waiting" policy by the
government still more serious re-
suits will be sustained by the in
dustry. As a matter Of national
pride as we'll as a matter of neces-
sity the government should remedy
this situation if it is desirable to
maintain the gold producing power
of the nation on level with the
remainder of the world and to sus-
tain the gold standard rs the basis
of all credit and currency trans
actions"
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
KILLERS AT LARGE.

7 Washington, d. G., Dec. 8.-Qne ev-
ening about eight o'clock three women
sat chatting in the parlor of house in
Springfield, Massachusetts, when man
entered the room by q rear window and,
without any preliminaries, demanded
money. He wore BLACK slouch hat, q
black handkerchief over. the lower part
Of his face and revolver in holster
ut his side.
The terrified women screamed. He
told them to be quiet or he would kill
them. One Of them screamed again,
whereupon he shot her through the
heart, killing her instantly. Then, after
some more flourishes of his weapon.
and without taking any booty, he went
away.
This astonishing crime led, after a
long search, to the arrest of one Ber-
tram G. Spencer, who confessed not
only to this murder but also to long
series of mysterious hurglaries. They
were committed usually early in the
evening when detection would seem al
most certain. In some cases nothing
was taken and in most cases only
articles of little or no value.
Spencer was tired, and after long
wrangle among specialists as to wether
he was sane, he was condemned to
death and electrocuted.
One man at least was not satisfied
with his trial. He is L. Vernon Briggs.
well known specialist in mental dis
ease. He was convinced by what he had
seen Of Spencer and what he had heard
at the trial, that Spencer was defec-
tive. He further believed that Spencer
any competent specialist in mental dis
ease could have diagnosed him as man
who was dangerous at large. Further
more, he realized that this country
must contain many thousands of men
like Spencer who are defective, who
are menace to other persons and to
themselves, yet they are permitted to
run at large. In these opinions he has
the support Of many other pyschiatrists.
Life Story Of Killer.
In order to prove his case, DR.
Briggs made an elaborate study Of the
life of Spencer, and also of those of
two other convicted murderers-of
Czolgosz, the man who murdered Pres
ident Mckinley, and of one Richeson.
These three studies he has embodied
in book entitled "The Man that Kills"
This book, and especially the part of it
that deals with Spencer, is an absolute
ly convincing demonstration of the doe
tors theory thatsmost men who kill are
defective men, that if studied by spec
ialists when in school. they could be
nearly all recognized as detectives and
handled in such way that they would
not be menace to society and to them
selves, and that a large part of the
enormous expense of our courts, po
lice systems, and penal institutions
could thus be saved in addition to the
great saving in life and property.
DR.. Briggs shows that Spencer was
defective in intelligence from childhood.
that almost all of his immediate re-
lations ON both sides showed some
signs of mental defect, many Of them
having been downright insane. He fur
ther shows that Spencer was long
known to many Of his daily associates
as queer" man, and that it was well
recognized by them that he was subject
to outbursts of temper almost with
out charge in which he could not con-
troll himself. In one Of these outbursts
he almost killed boy with hammer.
Yet this man Spencer, who was rec
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
By FREDERICK
J. HASKM

ognized by ordinary laymen as a dan
gerous man, and could have been iden-
titled by scientists at any time after his
seventh year as pOential murderer,
was not only allowed to run at large,
but to marry and propagate the taint
which had come down to him through
the generations. Had he not been con-
victed of the murder which ended his
career, he would almost certainly have
been set free to murder again and to
continue prOpagating his kind. And the
United States Of America Is full Of men
like Spencer.
Having demonstrated what manner
of man il was who kills, and how easy
before he murders, DR.. Briggs proceeds
to give some information as to what
our system of leaving detectives at
large costs the taxpayer. He shows
that in Massachusetts, $4,000, 900 or
40 per cent of the state budget in 1921
was spent for the care of defective,
dependent and delinquent classes"
Courts for Madmen.
In addition to this, it must be re-
membered that the criminal courts are
engaged almost wholly in the business
of trying detectives putting them in
jail and turning them loose again. The
trial Of Spencer cost the state OF
Massachusetts, between $4,000 and
$4,000, according to DR.. Briggs.
Remember, too, that our expensive
police forces are engaged chiefly ID
keeping track Of these detectives, cap
turing them only to be released again:
playing an endless and futile game of
hide and seek with madmen.
This enormous burden of interna-
tional armament, is in sense the
least of the evils Of our system OF
handling crime. The worst evil OF 1T
sis that we are breeding detectives
steadily, SO that the problem grows all
the time, and the blood of the nation
where, as the examination of men Tor
the draft conyincingly showed.
What is needed to remedy this sit
uation is well known to students Of the
situation, and has been carried out to
a certain extent in some states and
its praeticability proved. Each state
should have an institution which would
not be known either as hospital or a
prison, but as school, to which all
detectives would be sent. They would
there be studied by the most competent
specialists, and every effort would be
made to, fit each of these detectives for
a useful life of society. Some OF them,
of course, would never graduate from
the school, and most of them presum-
ably would not be allowed to propagate,
but each of them would be given as
large show in the normal life Of the
world as he was capable of bearing.
To this institution would be sent,
not only the detectives caught in the
net of the courts, who are now either
legally killed or else turned loose to-
do their worst, but also children iden-
titled as detectives at schools. This
indeed Is the most important part OF
the plan. For the defective Of psyche
pathic child, taken in hand early and
rescued from unfavorable environment
al influences, may be converted into q
normal citizen.
One thing which stands in the way
Of establishing such institutions is the
lack of competent specialists lack
which will doubtless gradually be met
by education, But the great need is
for a public opinion that realizes the
need for such institutions.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
TAXPAYERS BLAME
THE|NSE[V YES; BAND
T0CU1 PR0D|GAL|TY
Flathead Meeting Decides It's
Time to Reform and Boost
Retrenchment.
Snecial To The Tribune.

Special to The Tribune.
Kalispell. Dec. 6.-The mass meeting
held at the Kalispell club rooms Sat
urday afternoon for the purpose of
forming a taxpayers league resulted in
the appointment Of committee TO
work out the details Of organization,
which will be perfected at a meeting
called for December II. to be held at
the same hour and in the same place.
The meeting was called to order, by
w. s. Mccormick, president OF the
Flathead county farm bureau, who
explained the purposes. Mr.. McCor-
mick was then chosen to preside, and
p. N. Bernard acted as secretary.
An informal discussion Of the prob
lem Of taxation, and the legislation
necessary to secure reform was dis
cussed informally, and it was the unaa-
imous opinion that there is need of
such league or association.
There was very little inclination to
censure either the present or past
boards of county commissioners for the
present state Of finances. With but
one exception every man present ad-
mitted that at some time or other he
had gone before the board and de-
manded road work or other improve
ments, often being members OF large
committees to demand that funds be
spent, and in this way were respons-
ible to certain extent for the pres
ent state of finances.
The chairman was authorized to ap-
point committee of five to work out
plan of organization along the lines
suggested, but at his request he was
given several days in which to select
his committee, as he stated he wished
to have it representative of all the
taxpayers of the county.
The meeting was well attended,
about 100 being present.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07

/ ICED nations and that it can place
no tariff on the import Of foreign
gold. With free trade in gold and
the price nailed down to the price
prevailing half 4 century ago while
the cost of production has been
rapidly rising, the advocate of a
government subsidy for the pro-
duction Of gold has an argument
that no other commodity can pre-
sent. Moreover the gold subsidy
advocates are able to point out
other economic ills that the whole
world is suffering from because Of
failing gold production and the
scarcity Of the yellow metal. Mr..
H. N. Mowrie, official economist
Of the American Mining Congress,
states some Of these arguments as
follows:
"The gold production Of the world
has declined from $46e, 100000 in
1915 to $338, 100000 in 1920, de-
crease of 100000, or % per
cent, while that Of the United
States has declined from $101, ,O0O,-
600 to $51,000,O00, a decrease Of
$5o,0o0,o 900, or 49 per cent. OF the
total decline in the worlds pro-
duction during this period the
United States has contributed SO
per cent, although its normal quota
to the gold production of the world
has been about Fl per cent.
"In 1915 the United States pro-
duced 2l.5 per cent of the worlds
output of gold, while in 1920 it
produced but ISL per cent. In the
former year the gold production Of
the British empire was 63 per cent
Of the total, while in the latter it
had risen to nearly 70 per cent.
"The decline in the gold pro-
duction of the world excluding that
of this country from 1915 to 1920
was % per cent, while that Of the
United States was 49 per cent, or
more than double.
"Had the worlds gold production
for the year 1915 been maintained
up to and including 1920, larger
production by $3s3, 100000 would
have been recorded, or more than
the total production Of 1920. Had
the total gold production of the
United States for the year 1915
been maintained up to and includ-
ing 1920, larger production by
$140, 100000 would have been re-
corded. Due to the delinquency of
this country to maintain its 1915
production it has contributed 40
per cent to the failure Of the world
to maintain its 1915 production.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
No Idle Miners Found
by Visitor to Neihart

Special to The Tribune.
Butte, Dec. 6.-"There are no idle,
men in Neihart."
That is what Fl. l.. Maury, Butte
lawyer and mining man said after a
recent inspection OF properties there.
Mr.. Maury declared that mining con-
ditions in Neihart were excellent.
The Silver Dyke Mining company is
operating on the largest scale of any
company there, according to Mr..
Afaury. They have already uncovered
large body of milling ore, and are
now making plans to erect mill next
spring.
The Neihart Consolidated Mining
company, he said, was shipping each
month, about $4,000 worth Of ore.
and is at present employing 65 men.
The Neihart Silver Mines Company
is making regular shipments. At pres
ent, it is driving its middle tunnel at
the rate of s feet a day.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07

sEstimated.
"The principal reason for this ex-
tensive decline in gold production
throughout the world has been the
increased cost of labor and ma
terial since 1915 as against a fixed
price Of gold. There has been a
factor, however, in all countries
outside of the United States which
has in a large measure compensated
for these increased costs since 1919.
The standard price of gold in Lon
don has been IS shillings per fine
ounce. But sterling exchange hav-
ing become deprecated in terms Of
the gold standard, newly produced
gold sold in the London market at
auction averaged, during 1920, ap-
proxirnately ITO shillings per ounce,
or a premium Of about 80 per cent.
The British government in July,
1919, permitted the export of newly
produced gold from its possessions
under license, and since that time
the gold producers Of the empire
have been receiving an exchange
premium. It will be noted from
the table of declines that the de-
cline Of the worlds production for
1919 was about half that Of 1918,
which indicates the benefit of this
premium.
"In the United tates, however,
nothing has been done to in any
way compensate for the increased
cost Of production, which accounts
for the above facts which show to
what extent the gold production
of the United tates has declined in
excess of that of the remainder of
the world. This is not a condition
which can be pointed to with any
degree of American pride when one
considers the position of the United
States as the creditor nation of the
world. It seems all the more de-
plorable that the government should
have been SO negligent since the
maintenance of the gold standard
depends on the ability of the world
to produce gold in which the Unit
ed States should contribute its
quota.
1T is evident that mere shift
ing Of the position Of gold that has
been formerly employed in national
monetary reserves is contributing
nothing to expand the base upon
which the entire credit and currency
structure Of the world has been
created. The financial aushorities
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
HARDING TELLS

Continued from Page Three.)
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
81 Take Examinations
for State Teachers
snecial to The Tribune

Bozeman, Dec. 6.-State examina-
tions here were taken by 81 teachers,
one applying for state certificate,
five for professional certificate, five
for first grade and % for second
grade certificates. The class in teach
ers' training Of Gallatin county high
school took the examination under
Miss Mabel Kirk, head of the depart
ment, just for practice, but their pa
pers will not be sent to the state board
Of educational examiners as the others
are.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07

and fundamental differences in govern
ment. The big thing is the call OF the
suffering and the dying. Unreservedly
! recommend the appropriation neces-
sary to supply the American relief ad-
ministration with ten million bushels OF
corn and 100000 bushels of seed
grain, not alone to halt the wave OF
death through starvation, but to enable
spring planting in areas where the seed
grains have been exhausted temporar-
lily to stem starvation.
The American relief administration is
directed in Russia by former officers of
our own armies, and has fully demon
strated its ability to transport and dis
tribute relief through American hands
without hindrance or loss. The time
has come to lend government support
to the wonderful relief wrought out of
the generosity Of the American private
purse / am not unaware that we have
suffering and privation at home. When
it extends the capacity for the relief
within the states concerned it will have
federal consideration. 1t seems to me
we should be indifferent to our heart
promptings and out of accord with the
spirit which acclaims the Christmastide
il we do not give out of our national
abundance to tighten this burden of woe
upon a people blameless and helpless
in famine's peril.
End Non. Taxable Bonds
There are q full score of topics con-
cerning which it would be becoming to
address you, and on which [ hope to
make report at later time. l have
alluded to the things requiring your ear
lier attention. HoWeyr, | cannot end
this limited address without a sugges-
ted amendment to the organic law.
Many of us belong to that school of
thought which is hesitant about alter
ing the fundamental law. ] think our
tax problems, the tendency of wealth to
seek non-taxable investment, and the
menacing increase of public debt-fed-
eral, state and municipalAall justifies
proposal to change the constitution
SO as to end the issue of non-taxable
bonds.
Such change in the constitution
must be very thoroughly considered be-
fore submission. There ought to be
known what influence it will have on
the inevitable refunding of our vast
national debt, how it will operate on
municipal debt, how the advantages
Of nation over states and municipali-
ties, Or the contrary, may be avoided
Clearly the states would not ratify to
their own apparent disadvantage.
Checks Flow of Capital.
! suggest the consideration because
the drift of wealth into non-taxable
securities is hindering. the flow Of
large capital to our Industries, manu-
featuring, agricultural and carrying un-
til we are discouraging the very activ-
tiles which make our wealth.
Agreeable to your expressed desire
and in complete accord with the pur-
poses of the legislative branch of the
government, there is in Washington,
as you happily know, an international
conference now most earnestly at work
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
PUsSYFOOT JOHNSON
in INDIA.

A 5 though Jonn Dull uIu not
a have enough troubles on hand
at present in Ireland, Egypt, Tur-
key and India, the cables tell US
that Pussyfoot johnson has invaded
India and is making great CAM
paign for bone dry prohibition
there. His campaign in Great Bri-
tain was something Of a failure, but
he has far more favorable material
to work on in India. To begin with
nearly half the populace have been
"dry" for centuries because OF re-
ligious prohibition. The Prophet
Mohammed forbade his followers to
drink any kind Of Intoxicating
liquors, and his command has been
pretty generally obeyed ever since
by his followers. The prophet did
not fix the alcoholic per cent at
half Of one per cent, but even light
wines and beers are taboo with all
good Mohammedans. The Hindus
also are most temperate in their
eating and drinking, so that Mr..
Johnson has a fine social ground
work to operate on with his prohi-
bition in India. Some of the Bri-
tish officers who find the Indian
climate dry enough without prohi-
bition are worried about the mat
ter. The Nebraska State Journal
says:
Newspapers from India show
that much interest has been aroused
by the visit of Pussyfoot Johnson.
The people are eager to hear of the
progress Of prohibition in America,
and are encouraging the visitor to
believe that India may also become
dry.
"Mr. johnson has been courteous
ly received by the resident Eng
lishmen. They have taken occasion
to heckle him in a good-natured
way over the objects of his visit
and the stories they have heard OF
the failure of the dry cause in the
United States. Mr.. johnson has an
arsenal Of facts to disprove all OF
the fantastic stories that have float
ed through the channels Of the
liquor trade around the world. One
of these is that the consumption of
narcotics has trebled under, pro-
hibition and that the cutting off Of
liquor has had serious effect upon
the public health. These stories
are completely refuted by official
statistics as we'll as by official sta
tistics as we'll as by the well-au-
thenticated observations of we'll
posted and disinterested men
throughout the country.
Thirsty Englishmen residing in
India express some petulance over
Mr.. Johnson's visit because they
have a real fear that his agitation
may result in success. They know
that among certain Hindus and
among practically all Mohammedans
the use of liquor is now prohibited
by custom and religious faith.
That is to say, very strong pro-
hibition element already exists in
India. Add to it only compare
lively small section Of the remain
ing population and the whole coun-
try will become as arid as the Unit
ed States"
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
wAR BRIDGE BUILDER DIES

Livingston, Dec. 6. -- William D.
Cameron. who distinguished himself
for service with the engineer corps
during the civil war, died here Monday,
aged 70 years. Cameron was in charge
Of pontoon bridge construction for the
Union forces during q portion Of the
conflict. He was q member of the
New York volunteer engineers, Fiftieth
regiment,
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07
TEACHERS MEETINGS
TO BE HELD TWO WEEKS

Kalispen, Dec. 6.--Miss Amelia
Knobel, state rural school inspector.
arrived in Kalispell Sunday night and
will remain here for two weeks to
hold teachers meetings at different
schools. The schools of the county
are divided into ten districts, and
centrally located schools have been
chosen for the meetings.
Great Falls tribune., 1921-12-07

on. plans for the limitation Of arma-
ment, naval holiday, and the just
settlement of problems which might
develop into cause for international
disagreement.
1t is easy to believe world hope
is centered on this capital city. A
most gratifying world accomplishment
is not improbable.
The independent-reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1909-1955, 1921-05-05
Charles HI. Salisbury

Memorial services were held Tues
day at one O'Clock at the old home OF
the late Charles H. Salisbury in Can
san, Elder Osborn officiating. Burial
was made in the Salisbury Cemetery.
The deceased passed away about 1890
Saturday night at the home OF his
daughter, Mrs. Eugene Keene, on
Pleasant street in this town, after a
lingering illness Of several months He
was born in Canaan about seventy-five
years ago, the son of Nathaniel and
Hannah (Ricker) Salisbury. His father
was q native OF Mt. Desert Island and
his mother of Canaan. Mr.. Salisbury
IL survived by wife. formerly Miss
Lizzie Buzzell Of Canaan and the fol-
lowing children: George Salisbury, OF
Fairfield, Oral Salisbury. OF Canaan
and Mrs. Eugene Drawn Of Canaan
besides the daughter already men
toned and brother Stephen Salisbury
of Canaan.