davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02
RAILWAY INQUIRY.
IN WASHINGTON
Excessive Labor Costs and Work
ing Conditions Chief Causes
of Trouble.
NO CONTROL OVER EXPENSE
Prices and Wages Fixed by Govern
ment Leave Lizzie Scope for
Management

Washington, d. C.-In testifying be-
fore the Senate Committee on Inter
state Commerce In the general inves-
tigatiOn into the railroad situation,
witnesses for the railroads contended
that:
I'D The costs Of operation are alb
normal, owing chiefly to wage scales
established by the government which
exceed wages paid for similar work In
other industries, and to wasteful labor
costs, often for work not done, en-
forced upon the railroads by the so
called National Agreements"
(2) That 97h cents out Of every
dollar Of operating expenses In 1920
were at prices fixed directly by the
government, or by general market con-
ditiops and over which the railroad
managements had no control.
(3 That the general business de-
preston was not due to the high
freight rates, but TO the lack of buy
ing both here and abroad.
One of the most striking facts
brought out in the testimony present
ed by the first Witness julius Krutt-
schnitt, chairman of the board of d.
rectors of the Southern Pacific. was
the following, in explanation OF the
chief reason for the increase in op-
Grating expenses since 1916:
1.-The labor bill of the carriers in
1916 (Which was before the Adamson
law took effect) stood at 1.46S. sac. 30 1.
In 1920 it was S:;.69S. .2l6,351. an in
CrpaSa of 900
"The increase by years since 1915
has Aeen as follows:
Increase in 1917. S27O, ,e05, 74s
Increase in 1918. ......... 874, ,331 ,2Oe
Increase In 1919. ......... 229, ,315, ,0e1
Increase in 1920. ......... 855 ,087 ,919
or an aggregate increase
since 1916 Of .....-... 81, ,229, 1886, ,o57
Exhibits were placed before the
committee showing that for the rail-
roads Of the whole country, increased
expenses in 1920 over 1919 were as
follows:
Actual expenses for 192O.s6, 1863, 13s, ,341
Actual expenses for 1919. 4,667, ,774,131
Inc. for 1920 over 1919s1 ,4e5, ,ae4,2
Mr.. Kruttschnitt. in showing how
little control the railroads had over
necessary expenditures, said:
ASixty-four cents out ofeevsry dol
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

.. On the Chesapeake q Ohio Rail-
road piecework car repairers decreas-
ss. per cent ind IN unsr TsDs
guarantee OF a fixed minimum rate
per hour.
S. ON the abolition of piece work
on the Union Pacific Railroad In the
wheel shop at Omaha. Nebr.. the time
required Tor the same work was in
creased 31.9 per cent and the output
coach cleaning yard at Denver the
time required was increased 3s.s per
cent and the output decreased 2s per
6. Southern Pacific employees,
whose sole duty was to keep watch
on stationary engines and to stop the
engine in case anything went wrong,
were reclassified by Director General
as electrical workers." one man on
the Salt Lake division being given
back pay of of s2:ssi. another the s2.os4.
others amounts varying from 81. 500
tc $1,000.
Z. Under the present classification
change n nozzle tip in the front end
of locomotive 1t Is necessary to call
q boiler maker and his helper to open
the door, because that Is boiler maxi
helper to remeve the blower pipe,
because that Is pipemens work; and
call machinist and his helper to re-
chinists' work: also for the s" same . forc. c
tip. ~ 10"
Questioned by Senator Poindexte
Mr.. Kruttschnitt stated that these fl
stances might be increased indefinit
ly,und wee characteristic on railroad
rf tie country, AS result Of Il
".\greem cuts" left over from fsdsr
control.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

MIR. FARMER-Use a numbered or
der book for writing your orders
to merchants. 1t leaves you a per-
manent record and it is easy to
check up your account with the
merchant A safe and economical
way of handling your farm affairs
They can be carried in the vest
pocket. The cost is small. For sale
at The Herald Office--5 S.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

All persons holding claims against
the said estate are requested 20 file
them with the administrator ON or
before IL O'Clock in the-forenoon of
June the 30th or this notice viii be
plead in bar of their recovery.
JOE CABELL DAVIS.
Judge of Probate.
At. Dillon Count7,>
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

MR.. FARMER-Use a numbered er.
der book for writing your orders
to merchants. It leaves you per-
manent record and it is easy to
check up your account with the
merchant A safe and economical
way of handling your farm affairs.
They can be carried in the vest
pocket. The cost is small. For sale
at The Herald Offices 5.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02
FINAL DISCHARGE NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that Clar-
Ience Bailey, administrator of the es-
tate Of Celia Ann jackson, deceased
has made application unto me for
final discharge as administrator. and
that Thursday, June 30th at IL
o'clock iE the forenoon has been ap-
pointed for the hearing Of the said
petition.
The Dillon herald. [volume] (Dillon, S.C.) 1894-????, 1921-06-02

December. January and February
are the hottest months of the year
in Brazil.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-25
EARLY HEARINCON
SALES TAX BILL
Sen. Smoot Announces Public
Hearings on Measure Will
Begin Within 10 Days.

Senator Smoot announced yester-
day that public hearings on the
sales tax bill, which he introduced
on the first day of the special ses-
sions Of Congress. will begin within
the next ten days. Tax experts ana
political economists from all sec
tions of the country have signified
their intention OF attending and
testifying at the hearings.
1t is understood that before the
end of this week Secretary of the
Treasury Mellon will send to the
Senate Finance Committee and the
House Ways and Means Committee
his recommendations for tax re-
vision and then he will state his
opinion of the gross sales tax plan
of raising revenue. Secretary Mel
Ion indicated to Senator Smoot two
weeks ago that the sales tax pro-
gram looked promising, but whether
he will recommend its adoption by
Congress will not be known until
he communicates with the two COM
mittees charged with the duty of
raising adequate revenue to run
the government.
Senator Smoot said his gross
sales tax bill had met with consid-
cradle opposition and that an in
vestigation on his part showed thar
most Of the objectors were persons
who were under the impression that
the gross sales tax was to be SUBJ
stituted for the excess profits tax.
or other individuals who lacked tn
formation as to the operation OF the
proposed tax. He said the ero.-
sales tax was I'M no sense OF the
word a. substitute for the excess
profits tax. as, the latter tax will be
repealed irrespective Of whatever
other revenue raising program Is
adopted.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-25
ARGENTINE WHEAT GROWERS
FACE SERIOUS HANDICAPS
Lowest Acre Yield In Any Producing Country
Lack Labor, Capital and Transportation.

time shortages OF sackinE and OF
labor. due. respectively. to curtail-
nents of shipping and of immigra-
tion.
The gravest problem in the Ar
gentine wheat situation is that in
volving the disposal of the grain
after the harvest Is over. The grow
ers usually operate on small capital
and sell their yield on a narrow
profit to local storekeepers or to
agents of one of the few big deal
ers who control the wheat trade in
the country. Because of the lacS
Of grain elevators. excepting in the
ports of Buenos Aires. Rosario. and
Bahia Blanca, the grain Is sacked
and stored in siding sheds. sta.
tions, small warehouses. or even
under tarpaulins. This lack of d
systematic, countrywide marketing
organization in elevators makes Il
impossible to estimate accurately
the stocks Of wheat available in the
country at any given time after the
harvest. Any legislative regula-
ton Of the wheat trade is there
fore extremely difficult. as was ap.
parent during June and July. 1920
when the government undertook tc
protect the food interests of the
country by a series of varying sur.
taxes and embargoes on wheat ex-
ports.
Under such circumstances the
grain industry and trade necessari.
ly suffer other serious handicaps
an annual bill for grain sacks
which usually exceeds $4,000. 900
an inadequate compensation to tho
isolated and unprotected grower
whose compensation is equal &c
only 40 per cent of the value Of the
grain T. o. b. Buenos Aires: ana
lastly, I.he grower has no system oi
grain warrants" or other nego.
table paper. such as is common In
the American grain trade, to assure
him of share in any rise in prices
The present Argentine administra.
ton has been making earnest ef,
forts to improve the admittedly IN.
adequate existing warrant law, but
the country is still lacking in the
circulation of sound negotiable pa.
per based upon well distributed
and standardized stocks Of whea,
Under such circumstances the op.
erations of the grain futures mar.
kets in Buenos Aires and Rosario
have inevitably been considerabl.
influenced by the small group oi
dealers who control most Of the
storage and grading facilities in the
port terminals.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-25
BOILER FACTORY
NOTES PROGRESS
w. E. Stoops Establishment
Reports; Capacity Sched-
ule With Good Outlook.

One Washington industry which is
making great strides towards nor
malcy is that Of the Washington
City Boiler Works. W. E. Stoops.
sole owner of the business, in a re-
cent statement, reports business
conditions greatly improved. with
indications pointing to a much bet
ter era in the immediate future.
Incidentally, his plant is now work
ing at full capacity.
Mr.. 'Stoops has been In business
for himself, at his present location
at 1o1 New York avenue northwest.
for about two years. Prior to that
time he was afiliated with the firm
of J. E. Hurley Company, also local
boilermakers. occupying an oficial
position for q period covering fif-
teen years.
The Washington herald., 1921-04-25
Depression in Hungary.

The strength exhibited by the
Hungarian krone since the nrst of
the year is reported to have ad-
versely affected the country's in
ternal trade. While the krone is still
at low level as compared with its
par value Of eos cents, II rose from
approximately 0.17% cent during
the FIRST few weeks OF 1921 to 0.24
on March and cas- on April I.
Business in Hungary was said to
be at a standstili towards the end
Of March, due to the fact that mer-
chants who had purchased foreign
goods when the currency was prac-
ticaily worthless were unwilling TO
cut prices. ana the public refused
to buy ct the old levels,
The Washington herald., 1921-04-25
BY julius KLEIN.

Recently United States Commercial
Attache at Buenos Aires.
The Argentine wheat harvesting
and marketing season which is now
coming to a close has once more
brought to the fore the oft-renewed
discussion Of the shortcomings of
the cereal industry in that country.
As one of the two great southern
sources OF the worlds breadstuffs
supply Argentina occupies q posi-
ton of the first Importance in this
basic trade, a trafic in which she
is now outranked as an exporter
only by the United States and Can
ada.
According to current reports. the
Argentine grain growers are espe-
cially anxious to improve the or
ganization Of their industry because
of the aggressive competition Of
producers in the recently expanded
wheat areas of Western Europe and
North America. Then, too. they are
facing the prospect of the renewal
of Russian competition; and they
also expect to encounter formidable
tariff barries IL they try to enter the
increasing wheat import trade Of
the United States.
Low Yield Per Acre.
AS is the case in all newly devel-
oped cereal areas. the abounding
natural productivity of Argentina
coupled with the lack OF adequate
labor, capital and extensive trans
portation facilities. materially re-
tards the introduction of more Sci
entific organization in the cereal
industry. This accounts for the
fact that the yield an acre in Ar
gentina has been the lowest of the
eighteen leading wheat-growing
countries of the world. The aver
age yield in that republic during
the normal prewar period CT 1912-14
was 9.3 bushels an acre. as con-
trastef with 10 in Russia, 12.1 in
Austria. 14.5 in the United States,
20.7 in Canada, and 2o.3 in Chile.
Another factor which weakens
Argentina's wheat position is the
extreme f1uctuation of its output
from year to year, primarily be-
cause Of abrupt climatic changes.
During the past decade the figure
has swung from the low marks OF
70, 100000 bushels in 1917 and about
114,0o0.000 in 1914, up to nearly
215,000.000 in 1919, with many wide
variations during the Intervening
years. other serious difficulties
have been encountered In the war
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
West Tampa Jailer
Ordered to Lock
Himself in Prison
tBy Associated Pres'''

Torpa. Sept. IA series Oh I'LL
e,,,+;os which started when Juan
I,,,;o fled charges of disorderly con-
duct against Jules Juliano nna :,
,os,,ted to the discontinue of Jallof
Oscar Mendez, of West Tampa ~h no
arrested Julianos Juliano nlllesn
wa sdischarged while Jallor Me"oeN
served @T a days sentence in jail
The first tangle in the case occur occur!
red Saturday when it is sad 1utin0
failed to appear in court and 1or,
feitod a $500 bond. The detendan'
anneared in court Monday and Ms ls
a+tornevs explained he had come t'
"ourt Saturday but had misunder
Good the time set for his case Inc
trial then moved forward on III
u,ari+s and resulted in Juliano's Tree
dom after testimoney was given ina n,
the alleged assault consisted OF noun IN
ing more than Juliano's pushing JUN
from his home. ,a,
Some of the evidence presented oul
ing the trial, however, tened
,show that Tailor Mendez hao wee
unnecessarily aggressive in MAXIM
the arrest and Municipal Judge pe'
cock recalled some of the witness
to clear up this feature, Mehoe
thew said, entered the Juliano non
without any formality, refused TO a
:, cept a 500 bond and finally TO ma .
pointed a pistol at the man Sl''
with threatening remarks
Mendez denied the allegau'
. Judge Peacock said that while an
; fcer was justified in using 1ofce
the occasion demanded, it was
= opinion that an officer sometime
! came over Jealous and ordered 'ai
- Mendez to take himself to ms .
~ for a day at the end OF when u
he could release himself
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
Ottoman Empire a
Thing of Past Is
Kennel Bays Idea

Aroora. Sept. 1.-The o'Voi''""
pr,rire is a thing of the past and a
- Nationalist government mas
snrung out of its ruins says l0'''Ol
Kennel Bey, the present f0reis"
Minister who concluded the TURKISH
Russian treaty. :.
1--WE Nationalist are olneie"' -
o,,r wav of thinking and acting li0"'
w. old.fashioned Turk of the story
hoo,s " he went on. I'VE nave
oJonted the open, straightforward
metbod in politics We say "na' We
want and what we think" q
"4 "onr government is no longer OF
,o,ia;ons character. Church ano
state have been definitely separated
INV House of Representatives i
r,odaled on that of Western eoun
tries We discuss, we dispute Jus
as elsewhere. =, r,r,,e,
For better or worse o'o 40t ;,
hoe GONE. There was once um
when strangers couldn't travel VIII"
'out special police permission d"
nro+ection among us, because Of an
piont raIig;ous prejudices agahs
] Ii
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
pAT,ATKA DAILY NEW9
Hungary's First
Levy Trernend
Try Associated Pressl

Budapest, Sept. Hungary
first returns from the levy on cap
ital produced 1,357,Ooo'ooo crowns WINS
Minister of Finance Hegedues told
+Ye National Assembly today. he
said the money would be used to re-
tire maturing bonds and pay interest
Unless the exchange on Hungary
deprecated currency can be improV'
ed through friendly action by Aliiet
countries, he said not much coui'
be done to put the country on
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02

be used as hog yards. Tons Of 1,
garbage now going to waste will
used to fatten the hogs for the n
ket, and all profits will accrue b
garbage department. City oEt
expect the hog yards to be pan
proposition, and profits will be /
| for the purchase Of more hogs.
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
,ss;as4;S|!k,EE;9l ,.
160LSHEV|k|S

/1By Associates FFese' rLo
Reval. Estonia, Sept In"
ou. Of the "Cheka," or Extraor-
binary Committee to Combat Coo"-
+sr-Revolution have recently eeen
cnrtailed, say Moscow adVlces lr0 ~
;adonendent sources. These are IL
some measure corroborated oy d. ho
sTn,,;l newspapers. 1t was 'he
"Cbeka," with its powers OIL 'ileS,
inc without farrants, secret coln
formations and death sen'eI..s st
which ordered and carried out nIo ~
Of the executions during the pet'0'
Of "red terror" in Russia
Some of the Soviet government u
c.:o1s considering that the perloo
- oiy; war and counter-revolu'ion
was almost completely ended, favor
W 4ho abolition of the "Cheka al
tonothor it is said. The controVe['
~ between those desiring to aooi'S'
:: and those considering it still ne
" ~ is now understood to haV'
boon settled by compromise
M. Krvlenko, former sailor u"
public prosecutor of the feNo ~
tionary tribunal" led the hgn' ~
aholition, according to newspapers
+bo Rattle states. Dzerzhinski, pre-
n h
eident of the "Cheka,' opposed nh
Tbo government resolved on a IT
form of legal procedure, under Wms
the "Chekas" powers are pr'ne'p"
W confined to cases of esPolna ,,s;t h q,
rticipation in revolts but W''ho'
,r to pass the death sentence t
localities under martial Ia"
.spreme tribunal is to be
a1a This is to act as the nls
u ", as court OF appea
!, the institution of sup
sentativSising this sup
lw5 aRRsory tx must %cbsR lns;o0S
1ry operations tie he 2tionary m
tions retention st necess "a . and on NJ
p Sourts will be trap pSfrciseo rsn
right tf pas, , ~hish are to i bsv s.
----.-.. --asr martial law WI l.
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
New Apartment 10
Be Built Ocean City

One of Palatka's prominent cru
zens, Mr.. Bohn, of Palatka Helgh's'
is planning a sixteen room apart,
ment building on Sixth street. Ocean
Citv Beach, just 100 feet from the
| beach.
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
Germans Trying to
Corner Henequiri
lux Annotated Pressl

Mexico iCty, Sept IA group
- German manufacturers is attemp-
II tine to purchase the entire henequen
output of the state of Yu 11. ia Or
this year, according to Ell Herai d, DC
Mexico, who says the crop Will DC
shipped to Germany for ultimate use
The newspaper states that TINS
purchase viii provide much neeoeo
stimulus to the henequen growing
of which will be completed before
spring.
improvements are going on al
this new sea shore resort on quite
large scale and large crowds con
tinue to spend their week-ends there
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
sound basis or make up the pnesen
5000, 900, 900 crowns deficit

siox City, Ia, Sept l.-slox
CITY has opened q municipal hog
ward. A strip of land sixty feet
wide by one mile in length has been IN
fenced off at the dump grounds to
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02
CHURCH OF CHRIST
ia South Eighth Street

Preaching every night this week
at 77:45 by Brother Hemeter' Oh
West Florida, and on Sunday morn
=, = and evening
Gomez once and you will always
rooue to all.
Palatka daily news. [volume] (Palatka, Fla.) 1919-1994, 1921-09-02

industry in that state and Will re-
turn a large portion of the estlmat'
cd 10000 idle laborers there to then
tasks.
The Washington times., 1921-04-20
Barber, IA Years in U. S.,
Can't Read or Write;
To Be Deported

NEW YORK. April 20.-An Omaha
barber was held at Ellis Island today
because he could neither read nor
write forty words In any language.
Luigi Serance. Italian. thirty-hve,
who declared he owns a building In
omaha, Neb., and operates q barber
shop in 1t, was denied admission to
the United States when he arrived
from Naples on the italian liner
Guglielmo Peirce.
Serapce has been in this country
fourteen years. he said. He added he
had not learned to read nor write, al
though he had taken out nrst citizen
ship papers. He told officials he had
been in italy more than year.
thereby abrogating his rights TO fuii
citizenship. He was held for deporta-
ton.
The Washington times., 1921-04-20
GIRLS TOPRESENT
HISTORICAL DRAMA
Italian-American Misses to Take
Part in Play Based on Life
Of ST. Rita.

American girls Of Italian origin
residing in the parish of the Holy
Rosary have prepared an excellent
rendition of the Italian historical
drama. est. Rita" 4 play dealing with
the principal episodes in the life Of
one Of the most beloved saints in the
history OF the Catholic church. The
whole scope. of st. Rita's life has
been welded into a forceful drama by
DR.. Aurelio Palmieri, whose work
'On the Slopes of Calvary" won
much applause as the Offering of the
dramatic club of Gonzaga College in
1918.
The drama. "St. Rita" was origI-
nally written in Italian, and typifies
the fragrant mysticism Of the middle
ages, and the legendary charm OF its
miracles. The present presentation
has been prepared under the direction
of Miss Dionetta Brignole, and tho
leading parts will be taken by Misses
Rose Vita, Lucia Leone. and Alta Vita.
The first performance will be given
at Carroll Hall. May 3.
The Washington times., 1921-04-20
AMATEUR, RADIO
CORPS IS PLANNED
War Department to Mobilize
Men in Various Army
Corps Areas.

Plans for the free training of anna
teur radio operators throughout the
United States, whose services would
be called upon should the nation need
them in an emergency. arc being CON-
pleted by the War department. II was
announced today.
The proposed plans provide for the
recognition Of amateur orss snix&tions
within each army corps area. Toe
headquarters of the various army
corps area have already been fixsd
upon.
The District Of Columbia will come
under the Jurisdiction OF the Third
Corps area. which 10 at Fort Howard.
near Baltimore. Other headquarters
OF the various corps will be at Bos-
ton, New York city, Fort McPherson.
Georgia: Fort Benjamin Harrison, In
diana: Fort Sheridan. Illinois: Fort
Crook, Nebraska; Fort Sam Houston,
Texas. and San Francisco, Cal.
10 to be established transmitting
radio station with q range suffici-
entity great to cover the entire corps
area, and also receiving set.
Courses Of instruction. will be pre-
pared and. sent out BY radio and By
mail, and questions will be received
and answerod.
The amateur personnel will be form.
ally inducted into the signal reserve
corps and called the active service
where practicable for approximately
two weeks camp during the summer.
The Washington times., 1921-04-20
|FRATERNAL Spirit
|LAUDED BY HARDING
President, In Pythian Address,
Commends It As Guiding
Principle for Nations.

Fraternalism. as q guiding principle
smong nations. would prevent wars
and end misery and suffering through
out the world. declared President
Harding In an address last night be-
fore members of the Knights OF
Phythias lodges of washington In
Old Temperance Hall, at the nlty-
seventh anniversary of the founding
Of the order. SO p
II am a member of tho Pythian
order and have always cherished It's
IDEALS" said the President II like
fraterns lism among people and ma
tions. / hope to be able to bring this
to pass in America and make this
knightly republic. ~
America has always been leader
in fraternalism among nations-and we
should strive to increase this leader
ship"
The President made his address
after his return from New York. ar
riving at Union station at 1880
o'clock. He was accompanied by Sec
retary Christian and Brig. Gen.
Charles r. Sawyer.
Frederick wheaton, supreme keeper
of the record and seal OF the order.
spoke on the charter meeting OF the
order, held fifty-scven years ago In
the hall In which last nights meeting
took place.
Other speakers were congressman
Tom Cornally of Texas. John Temple
Graves, E. C. Snyder. Maj. Edward
Dunn. william r. Broening. mayor of
Baltimore: Oden b. Gray, Albert
Kahlert, Perry p. Patrick. John M.
Kline. william Kimmel. and b. +.
Shaffer. Among the audience were a
number Of members of Congress and
Secretary of Labor John J. Davis.
Before the arrival of the President
eighty-four members were Initiated.