davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13

and the farmers OF the
South generally, for.
years, that is all-and
they are going to do it.
And they are doing it"
"White farmers as
we'll as colored ?"
"White farmers and
negroes, rich and poor,
it makes no difference.
One mans money Is as
good as another's. The
cotton planter with a
thousand acres is in debt
to his factor, just the
same as the small farm
er, white or black, with
10 acres, and the credit
man puts on the screws
just the same"
"Is the condition con-
fined to the cotton farm
err"
"Principally, because
cotton is a quickly mar
ketable commodity, like
tobacco, and easily con-
vertible into money. The
cotton mortgage farmer
has been the serf of the
credit merchants and the
bankers ever since cot
ton became a commercial
staple. The one-crop sys-
tenn and the rented farm
are responsible for this
condition. The single
crop - cotton, tobacco,
rice, cane - comes in at
harvest time with it's
quick money return, the
one money visitation of
the year."
Il "But that ought to
make them clear"
FsIt ought to, but it
never docs. The farmer
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13

never sees any money! am speaking of the small
farmer now. The credit merchant must be taken
of first, or, rather, he takes care of himself.
He has staked the farmer with seed, implements,
provisions, clothing and general supplies. He is
most accommodating man; dispenses everything
from patent medicines and hosiery TO >galuses and
fertilizers. All he requires is your note, in the
at credit prices fixed on scale Of his own. There
has been some improvement in this condition, help
ed by the more progressive merchants and bankers,
but the evils have been by means removed"
4"The credit merchant marks up his goods Is or
20 per cent" I innocently conjectured.
The lawyer regarded with pity. "Fifteen or
20 per cent? Fifty per cent would be moderate.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13

Shylock, the Jewish money lender of
the middle ages pictured by Shakes
peare, who demanded pound of hu-
man flesh to satisfy his debt, has stood
for hundreds of years as the symbol of
inhuman greed and depravity.~ But in
our own country today, as Mr.. Bran
hall points out, there are hundreds Of
men whose usury and cold-blooded
scheming are running thousands Of
American families every year, driving
them from their homes and condemn
ing them, their wives and children to
want and misery. The farmers of
America do not need to suffer from
these leeches. Texas farmers can over
throw the power of their credit mer-
chants just as North Dakota farmers
overthrew the power of grain gam
blers-by political organization.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13
ShylOcks OF 1921 in the Cotton Belt
The Credit Merchant and His the Farmers of the Sunny South
Plain Facts About Present. Day Situation

The author of this article is Chicago journalist who
some time made trip into the South and aston
shed at the conditions he found there. The conditions
which Mr. Bramhal describes still exist through of
Texas and other cotton growing states In his art
Gle, which will be published in early issue of the
Leader, Mr. Bramha tells what group progressive
farmers did to better their condition.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13
BLACK AND WHITE ALIKE
SUFFER FROM CONDITIONS

"What are these cooperative farmers trying to
do ?" asked.
"They are organizing to get free, to get out from
under the load of debt that has been crushing the
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13
INTEREST RATES RANGE
UP TO 40 PER CENT

"Texas debtor farmers have been paying to banks
10 to 40 per cent interest per annum, to credit
merchants 10 to 60 per cent above cash prices.
This credit system, either as cause or effect uni
formly prevails with a-cotton farming, or all
wheat farming any other form of one-crop farm
companied by patient education, stimulated by con-
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13

mild-mannered organizer of the cooperative farm
ers clubs in that county and the objects of his work
What were these cooperative associations, and
what were they trying to do? The editor of one
OF the county papers put me wise, thus:
"Well, they're farmers clubs. I'm not saying
anything against farmers organizations, as such,
mind you They have perfect right to organize
to establish minimum price for cotton, and all
that but when they antagonize the commercial in
terests it's another thing. And when any one goes
about to agitate against the mercantile houses and
the banks, it's destructive and tending to socialism
and anarchy. And for this man Brown, he is
blankety blanked-b blank, and 1 would advise you to
have nothing to do with him."
This, found, was the prevailing sentiment
among the influential class of the town. Mr.. Brown
was gentleman of the county, lawyer of good
standing, so far as able to learn, except that
he had successfully defended some debtor farmers
and thereby won the ill will of the creditor class.
I ventured to talk with him.
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13

The only limit is the necessary to preserve the
goose that lays the golden egg You can buy of
your credit merchant and no else; and you can
sell to your credit merchant and to one else He
sells to you, credit, at his price, and he takes
your cotton, at his grading, at his own price,
And what are you going to do about it,"
I said was mighty glad that wasn't cotton
farmer.
"It pays pretty we'll, if you don't run in debt"
observed the lawyer.
By accident I came across pamphlet entitled,
Earning Credit in Texas" issued by the Agricul-
tura and Mechanical college of Texas, February,
1917. would call it "History Of the Decline and
Fall of the Southern Farmer" A critic denounced
it as a misleading and unreliable production, the
printing of which should have been permitted.
Take your choice It appears that the faculty of
the college got wise to the fact that there was
something rotten in the state of Texas, materially
affecting the prosperity of its people, and they
dertook inquiry into the credit system, which
was suspected of being at the bottom of the trou-
ble
Clarence Ousley, head of the college extension
service and later assistant secretary Of agriculture
under President Wilson, sent Walter Peteet of the
college staff to gather the information. The in
quiry conducted with fairness and the report
is marked with desire to serve the best interests
of the people. It says:
The nonpartisan leader., 1921-06-13
BY JOHN T. BRAMHALL

E is dangerous man, sir, dangerous
man! Beware of him!" Such was the
warning given me by the secretary of
the chamber Of commerce of Tyler,
the county seat of Smith county, in
East Texas, when I inquired about the
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
MANY HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES
ENTER COLLEGES AND UNTVER.
SITES.

OF the nearly forty students who
graduated from the Colored High
School last year, twenty-seven have
enrolled in schools and colleges for
further study.
A partial list of High School grad
yates of the past few years and
the shoots to which they have gone
shows that Dallas homes are rep
resented in the largest and best
shoots Of the country.
Colleges and students enrolled are
as follows:
Wiley University: Jessie Pollard,
Wilma Benton, Edith Roberts, Inez
Foster, Zepher Mitchell and Annie
Lee Lacy. Lane College: Georgia
Walker. Melrose Starks. Fisk: Ella
Mac Smith Maud Kimbrough Powell.
Detroit Technical College: HAMPTON
Thompson. Chicago University: Hor-
ace Butler. Wilherforce: Lucille Will
liams, Mildred Watts. Lincoln Uni
versity: Henry Allen, George Allen,
Claud Tedford, George Franklin. Sill
vester Apperson. Edward Burson.
MehaYry: Opal Turner. Howard: A
D. Stewart, Olophens Gist. Sylvan
Island. Helen TYLER. Florence Harl-
lee and James Ward
The above list of 81 graduates Of
the Dallas Colored High School
shows a larger per cent of students
sent to colleges than any school in
the country.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
ODD FELInwS sTRENUOUSLY AT
WORK.

The general committee and degree
team of the Dallas Odd Fellows
held their usual interesting after
noon session at Odd Fellows hall,
corner Flora and Burford streets,
Sunday. Sept. 25, at 4:30 o'clock.
Many phases of the immediate work
To he done nv the membership were
discussed and determined.
The meeting was graced with the
presence Of two distinguished wish
tors in the persons of Adiutant
General Hardy and NJ. V. Paymaster,
w. Y. Jackson of Fort Worth.
Both of these received a hearty
welcome and Chew contributed
much good and instructive advice
about the organizing of the mill
tary or drill department of the or
der.
The meeting was presided over
by p. N. F.. Joe Gamble and P. N.
r, d. B. Garner.
Plans have already been perfected
by a Joint committee of Odd Eel
lows and Ruthites to hold cele-
bration Dallas, Day, Oct. IL.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

Mrs. Carrie Marlborough of HOOPER
street Lincoln Manor, has returned
home after having spent the summer
out of town.
Among Dallas citizens on the sick
list are: Mrs. w. D. Mansfield, 1921
Cochran street. Mrs. E. James, 1901
Colby street. Mrs. Lula Hamilton of
Houston, now at the home of her
father, Mr.. Frank Davis, 721 Fair
mount street.
Mrs. Cora Booker, 212 So. Hlll
avenue, Is sojourning at Austin
this week
Mrs. A. Jackson. 1907 Holland has
renewed her subscription to the Ex-
press for three months.
Mr.. A. Hopkins of Kachie, La.
made a flying trip to Dallas Sunday
Sept. IL. Mr.. Hopkins came to Da'
las to spend a few days with his
daughter, Mrs. B. " Hopkins, 1924
Grand avenue. He left for horr
Sept. IL, and renorts he had a grand
time while in Dallas.
Mrs. ]. X. Runnells, 1905 Holmes
street, returned to the city. after
spending several weeks VISITING
friends and relatives in the East
Mrs. RunnelIs reports having spent
a pleasant vacation this wear.
Mrs. Charley Mae Smith. 2509 MAR
Street is visiting her brother, Mr. c
A. Fisher ut Mineral Wells who Is
in bad health.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
NEW MCMILLAN SANITARUTI
WILL OPEN TUESDAY NIGHT
OCT. 9TH.

AS a fitting celebration of the
esth birthday of his father, Mr.. Jas
Mcmillan, DR.. w. r. Mcmillan will
throw ouen the doors of his mag
nifCent sanitarium and dedicate it
with a program well worth while,
followed by a trip of inspection.
Among the speakers listed are,
Rev. e. A. Wilson. Rev. X. ]. John
son, Rev. C. C. Harper, Rev. Warren,
LAWYER Turned and DR.. Leach.
Following the speakers, three
tables will be provided for those who
desire to make loans of amounts
ranging from $40 to $500.
Small loans will go towards the
establishment of a charity ward
Larger loans will he acknowledged
by notes bearing interest at 10 per
cent per annum until paid or the
amount may be applied on a future
bill of the person making, it.
DR., Mcmillan stated to our Elk
press representative that any indi-
vidual using the sanitarium could
keep the service of his regular ply
sicians if he so desired.
The public is invited to be pres
ert Tuesday night and inspect the
building which is located at the
corner of Hall and State streets.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
MATERIA MEDICA.
Activities of Dallas' Physicians.

Mr. FLOYD Ross. 34O1 State street,
left last week for Washington, D.
c.. where he will enter Howard
University and continue his study
in Medicine.
Dr. D. w. Porter. after having
spent several months in old Mexico
has returned and will resume his
practice of medicine.
DIR. R. z. L. Holland was indis-
posed couple of days this week.
The Mcmillan sanitarium will
omen its doors to the public Tuesday
morning The building is very tas-
thy arranged and is provided with
al modern conveniences. There are
patients in some Of the wards al
ready and many more are expected.
DR.. Mcmillan is confident that the
new institution will be literally pa
tronized by Dallas citizens.
Drs. Hamilton and Runyan will
be assisted by DIR. e. 2. Ward In
examining applicants for the Py-
THAN membership drive which is
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
DALLAS COUPLE MARRIEs.
Macedonia Baptist Church Scene of
Brilliant Wedding. Ring Ceremony
Performed by Pastor.

The marriage of Leon M. James
and Miss Loretta Johnson, daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Thomas
was solemnized Thursday, Sept. %,
at $3.50 p. M, at Macedonia Bap-
fist church, Rev. e. Arlington Will
son performed the ring ceremony.
A vocal solo Because" was sung
by Miss Celesta Cole with piano ac-
compartment by Mrs. L. Gunter.
Mrs. G. Montgomery played the bri-
dal chorus "Lohengrin" as the pro-
cessional and Mendelssohn's wedd-
ing march as the occasional.
The bride was attended by four
maids: Miss Selma Jackson was
maid of honor and wore a frock of
white canton crepe.
Misses Erma CASTOR and Gladys
Bartee wore frocks of canary organ
dy and Miss Ida Mae Smith, a
frock of pea green organdy. Each
carrying carnations of various col
ors.
Miss Esma Walker, wore a
frock of flesh colored organdy.
Little Misses Harold Thornton and
Clarice Hayden were flower girls.
Master B. d. Henton was ring bear
er.
The bride was given in marriage
by her uncle. She wore gown OF
white and carried a shower boquet
of bride cap effect with wreath
of lilies of the valley, the trail
was carried by Miss Mildred Brooks
The bride groom was attended by
Henry Hayse as best man with
Messrs. Howard Johnson, Henry
Randle. Esaw Arnold and U. S
Adams. Misses Ida Mae Ford and
Rubye Cook.
Refreshments were served at the
community house following the wed.
ding.
Out of town guests were Henry
James, the groom's brother and Phi
Smith, WaXahachie; Mrs. Holley
Lancaster, and Mesdames Lockett
Eddie, E. Thomas and A. Thomas
Cleburne.
Mr.. and Mrs. James were hon
ored guests Monday night at din.
ner party given by their friends
Mr.. and Mrs. Bonner, 2714 San ia
cinto street.
The couple was also entertain
ed Sunday evening at 2S10 Hugo
street. Mr.. and Mrs. r. ZollicoffieI
acted as host and hostess.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
"'CAUSE 1 GIVE YOU PRESENTS
ONCE AN A WHILE, DON'T
THINK I'M SANTA CLAUS"
But Here is an Exception to This
Rule.

Mrs. Elvira Mobiles, 2126 Clark
street, can readily boast of having
received before Santa Claus time
a valuable present. Mrs. Noble is
an employee at the Hockaday school
and for efficient service rendered
the institution for more than three
years attracted the attention of Mrs.
Hockaday Ia wealthy widow for
whom the school is named and pre-
sented her last week a full blood
Jersey cow as a token of respect
for such service.
Mrs. Hockaday refused an offer
Of one hundred and fifty dollars for
the animal from white neighbor.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

Personal
MeRtion


Mrs Francis Waters of Denison
an accomplished Grayson county
teacher, was the guest of Mr.. and
Mrs. VIM. P. Vaughn, 1921 Myers
street last week. While here she
placed her little girl in the Convent
Institute On Allen street.
Mr.. Samuel Vaughn. a Junior
student Of East Texas Academy
Tyler, Texas, is visiting his uncle
Mr.. VIM. P. Vaughn, 1921 Myers
street this week. He will soon re.
turn to resume his school work.
Miss Josephine Lewis and MIR
Lorenza Cambell of Dallas, Texas
are to be married Thursday even.
ing, Sept. 20, 1921. Mr.. and Mrs
Cambell will be at home 2215 Coch.
ran street
Miss Ethel Boswell, 1919 Allen St.
attended the Carraway- Robinson nup.
tials at Fort Worth, Wednesday ev.
ening Sept %.
Miss Ella Mae Smith of this city
left Monday evening for Nashville
Tenn, where she will enter FISH
University.
Mr. George P. Smith Of Chicago
H., who has been in the city more
than four weeks visiting his mother
Mrs. e. A. Reece and other relative;
and friends left Thursday Afternoon
for his home. While here Mr.. Smitf
visited Houston, Galveston and othel
points south.
Mrs. Almeta Davis. 1918 Aller
street was entertained Monday ev
ening by friends at 2S15 Flora st
Mrs. Davis left Tuesday for New
York CITY. where she will resid,
permanently.
Mrs. Cecilia Weatbers. who spen
al of last week visiting friends a
Fort Worth, returned home Sunda,
NIGHT.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
FORT
WORT

Fort Worth, Texas, Sept. 20, 1921.
Mrs. VIM. NJ. Mcdonald has return
ed from trip down east.
The talk of the town-St James
Carnival.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joe Turner of Dallas,
spent Sunday here visiting her moth
er and friends.
Visit the X. of P's. Carnival in
their park.
Mrs. Lucy Mcdowell, 2514 Fair
mount, is on the sick list
Mr.. A. L. Walker Of 1905 Terry is
improving nicely
Mrs. X. Mickey is getting along
nicely at Booker Washing Sanitarium
NJ A. GRANT. Phi. c.. RepOrter
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

to be launched Saturday, October
LIST to the 31st inclusive.
DR.. G. L. Morgan, surgeon Of the
Dallas Black Giants squad for three
seasons, claims that more casual.
ties have been registered by mem
bers of the club this season than
ever before.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
READ THE SOUTR'S
GREATEST WEEKLY, the
DALLAS EXPRESS

published at Dallas, Texas. every Sat
Irday, sold at 14O6 E. 9Th street, Los
Angeles, Cal. Phone nr mail your
news to J. ID. DANIELS NEWS STA Nd
14O6 Il. 9th Street, Los Angeles, Cal
FOR further information write s. b
CARR, 100 w. Green Street Pasadena,
Cal. Agent.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
YOUNG PTEpSOE KTJIED WHILE
CROSSING TRACK.
Bugqy Smashed into Sticks, Horse
scratched--Fuperal Held Mon
day.

Lee Bledsoe. young Colored
man was run down and MORALLY
wounded early Saturday night en-
route to his home from Dallas by
q Cotton Belt Passenger train. The
buggy in which ne was riding was
smashed into kindling wood and his
horse was unscratched
Mr. Bledsoe was driving and
slowed up at the crossing, the
track at the time and did not see
the approaching steel monster until
It was too late and the young lled-
soc was picked up nut aboard the
train and rushed to Dallas and later
to Baptist Sanitarium where he
died Sunday evening about 1 o'clock
from the effects of the wounds.
His head was crushed and his
shoulder badly bruised
He was nephew OF John Jack
son, 1929 San Jacinto street, al
whose home Bledsoe was a guest
Saturday In the day.
The funeral was held Monday
evening.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
A PARTY OF DALLASITESATTEND
FORT WORTH WEDDING.

Mrs. Geneva Thomas, 2110 Routh
Street, and party of friends con-
sisting of Mrs. Bertha Mccoy, Mrs.
L. M. Morgan and Miss Elnetta Nc
Pherson, attended the marriage cere-
mony of Mr.. ]. E. Carraway to Miss
Ida Robinson, Thursday evening Sept.
'22, at Fort Worth.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
DALLAS WOMAN DIES IN OKLA
H0MA.

Mrs. Lucille Gilmore of this city
and the dughter of Mrs. Bessie Arm
stead of 2S11 North Washington ave.
died Friday, Sept % at Oklahoma
CITY, Okla. Her hodv arrived at
Dallas Monday morning.
Funeral was held Tuesday.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

clare! He is on to the job and l am
sure the near future will give him
his richly merited harvest, all com
ing from his massive brains and
real activity.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
ALLEN CHRISTIAN ENDEAVOR
LEAGUE.
BY Nolan H. B. Elliott, B. s.,
District President.

BY Nolan H. B. Elliott, b. s.,
District President
The drive is on Sunday, Sept.
rs, 1921, we were with Rev. Willis
at Dalworth. We had the pleasure
of listening to three powerful SER
mons in one day. The Rev. Willis
was at his best. The attendance
his message was well received
We made our plea to the members
to support the League work at the
morning service. We had quite 2
large number to meet us at 6 o'clock
for the purpose of organizing a
League. We organized with the fol-
lowing officers being elected: pres
ident, Mr. Alley Tallie; Vice-pres-
ident, Mr.. Henry Fish: Secretary;
Miss O. Tallie, Asst. Secrestary; Mrs
Ocie Mae Shelton; Treasurer, Mrs.
Cora Tallie; Chairman Ways and
Means Committee Miss Maggie Har-
ris: Chairman Lookout Committee,
Miss Anna Belle Taylor; Reporter,
Mr.. Gentry Tallie. With the officers
we enrolled 20. Thus Dalworth be-
~'ns their League with 20 strong
Their quota in the drive is "a.
Next Sunday, they say they are
going over the top with a member
shin of 40. We wish you luck. Dali
worth, and hope you will keep your
resolution
Sunday, Oct. 2. 1921. we will he
at White Rock. dallas District ex'
meets every man and woman to dc
his or her duty"
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01
MIR. EVERETT PwrNG OFF TO
SCHOOL.

Mr.. Everett Ewing son If Mr.
and Mrs. w. e. Ewing, 1900 HOLMES
street. will leave for Morchoue"
COLLEGE. Atlanta, Ga. SUNDAY Oct
End. He win take course o.
Academic studies.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

G. U. o. Of Knights OF Shepherd
wants one thousand u,000) or more
deputies to organize and set up local
lodges in every State of the u. s. De-
puties both men and women are maxi
ing one hundred ($lO0.00) dollars 70
one hundred and fifty ($160.00) dol
lars per month. Experience not neces-
sary. we will teach you free
We are represented IN rmteen C15l
states giving thousands of men ana
women work to do In each state. We
guarantee you steady employment ana
regular pay. For District Deputyship
to set up lodge anywhere in u. 8.
write Sir l.. W. Davis. S. G. C., No.
1906 Michigan avenue. Kansas City,
Mo. Enclose cent stamps for speedy
reply. 4.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

The Western Mutual Fire Insur-
ance Company is located at ia Haw-
kins Street in the Woodmans office
with j. ]. Fowler as Supervisor.
9-10-4t.
The Dallas express. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970, 1921-10-01

For Indigestion, Biliousness
Constipation. and Malaria. Now is
the sickly season. Take Golden-Tonic
and keep well Price $1.Oo. Call
at your druggist if they haven't 1t
send to us for it. ounce sample
sent free to any who haven't used
GOldenTonic.
We have hundreds of testimon-
ials from sick who have been cured.
Glad to send them to any who
wishes to read them.
305 South Ervay st.
Dallas, Texas.
est