davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

portance to tine national welfare would be
temporarily abandoned by workers. :. We
saw that very. thing happen during the war,
when six hundred thousand Negroes left the
South to seek more profitable employmenti
in northern states. 1t was one of the
greatest migrations Of which. there is any
record. One of its by products, 80 to speak,
was race riots in Chicago. brought about By
contact of black with white workers. ',s
AT THIS point I interrupted Mr. Post
n with a query. The whole problem ap-
pears to be mainly economic, does it not?'
/ said. -. E.
Undoubtedly" he acquiesced. when
animals migrate in hordes, it is because they
are compelled to do so for lack of food.
With human beings the same impulse gov
erns, though political and other conditions
may affect the. situation. The cause is
always Fundamentally economic To see this
illustrated We have only to look at Europe
now. The European peoples are in distress
millions. are literally starving. Multitudes
are turning their eyes to America, their one
ambition and hope concentrated upon the
idea Of getting to this country for safety
and prosperity. 80
The figures of our immigration, as We
trace them back through the last hundred
years, furnish a record of conditions in
Europe. 1t was in the hungry forties'
that the first great rise began-a period
when people of the agricultural laboring
classes in England were so near to starva :.
tion that they were Obliged to subsist largely
on raw turnips. Those were days when
nearly all our immigrants came from the
United Kingdom and scaudinavia.
The first people to come to the United
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

and fifty thousand Of them arrived In 1913,
and q number greater BY q. 900 went back.
In six years, 1911 to 1915, from 1900
nually on our shores but larger numbers Of
them went away. In the last dozen years
there were only three years in which more
stayed than departed"
"T SUPPOSE" said i, that we have
L good cause just now to fear the dump
ing Of great numbers Of destitute and helpless
aliens upon our shores
There is no doubt about that" responded
Mr.. Post. I'VE may expect such uufortun-
stes to come in focks from the war stricken
countries Of Europe. What is to be done
with them? Are We to admit them a.
possible objects Of charity. or shall we send
them back to the starvation which surely
awaits them In Europe, and from which they
are anIiously seeking to escspsf
Immigration from northern and western
Europe long ago passed its crest, and will
probably never regain it's old time volume:
but before the world war began, the move
ment from the southern and eastern coun-
tries was still considered below the highest
Good stage, as even then anticipated.
"of late we have been having gentle
lars with Japan about picture brides
Japanese man resident in this country
could import a young woman from his
native land by asking his relatives in
Nippon to pick one out for him and send
her along, after a marriage ceremony in
which somebody else acted as proxy for the
groom. This ceremony made her an Ameri-
90, residents wife, and as such she could
a.m.nd admission TO the United States
..rh. or.ct;ce has aroused veher,enf OBJ
-. md nrotest in the Pseihc coast stste,
s.sors having to do with tbe desirubilits
I.n.nese multiplication rather than
s.,,,I views Of marital regularity. Tho
y.s. Government has agrssd 70 ois-
.,;nr. the sending Of pictvre brides. Sc
GOOD. but II is at least interesting
-. that a similar situation nov sp-
a. threaten where Spain and Portugal
are concerned.
at, q. ALLEGED that laws in those countries
=, nro.y marriages, and are 90 framed
=, woman in Spain or Portugal can BE-
,,,rried to a man in the United States, the
,.,,.r being represented ut the wedding By
:. authorized proxy. Or, in like manner,
n,n over there may wed q woman who is
!, th,, country, the woman being represented
by a proxy"
.sTskinr the immigration problem a. Q
xho,e !" / asked, "whst do you think ought
to be donef'
That is for Congress to say" answered
Nj, Post. "I might suggest. however,
-. ;n.xmuch ss excessive imuirrstion
became a problem coincidently with the
monopolirstion Of our available lands, the
puzzle might be solved by opening these
iands-nesrly as abundant as ever in area.
and more abundant in prcductivity-te
productive use. free from prOftserias o.
sructions.''
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

arriving in this country refuse to work on
the farms because they can get more for their
labor in the cities. Agricultural labcrers of
Europe come to the United States and 90
to work in the factories. Visit the great
manufacturing plants. and You win find
them full of alien workers. large majority
Of whom were farm laborers in the countries
Of their origin. ,Ev
what may be termed the sticking
quality in immierants--by which Il mean
their disposition to settle down In this coun-
try and stay here-seems to vary inversely
with intelligence and literscy. Thus the
farm laborer stays, while the industrial
worker returns to his own land
I'm the last twelve years more industrial
workers have left this country than have
come b the United States. Two hundred
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

s0TNHE immigration problem, In regard %
J. which we are now feeling 90 much
anxiety, did not begin to bother us until
less than thirty years ago. 1t was, at the
start, q land problem"
It was the assistant secretary Of labor,
Louis +. Post, who made this remark. BE
was talking to me in his Office at the Labor
Departments man Of brief stature, sparely
built, but active and alert, with full gray
beard and mustache, and by no means look
ing his seventy-two years. In youth he
learned the printers trade and later became
q lawyer and then an editor. Throughout
his life he has been interested in economics
and in matters relating to labor.
from the foundation of the republic to
$780," he went on, most, of our immi-
grants went to the land On arriving in
America. They could then have homesteads
for the asking. Many Of them worked on
farms for q while, and later took up home
steads Of their own
I'VE had no Immigration Law up 10 the
middle seventies an6-when the so-called 'ex-
elusion act was passed it had nothing to do
with countries other than China. Our i'm
---e@e AoVS n-2y Pt0PcRV 70 s@au W ee'o
from 1885, when the contract labor law was
passed. They came into being simultaneously
with the exhaustion of our free land.
There was still plenty Of land-millions
Of acres of unoccupied territory-and the
same might be said today. But now II is not
economically available, for lack Of water.
lack Of fertility or BY reason of monopoliza-
ton The choice lands within reach Of the
railroads have largely passed into Q private
ownership which prevents their best public
use.
Immigration did not become q problem
until the desirable and accessible lands had
been occupied or cornered. Up 10 that time
we were able to take care Of the arriving
aliens. Far from wishing to exclude them,
we wanted them. We were crazy to get
them We welcomed all comers, no matter
what quarter Of the world they came from
barring only Chinese coolies. It was q feel
ing that We were destined to get over very
suddenly"
Our attitude in their regard seems to
have undergone a most radical alteration"
yentured to say.
Indeed, yes" he weht on. TIE immi-
grafton problem has troubled some of rs q
great deal during the last few years, and
today we are more than worried about It /;
we are alarmed. A food seems to impend.
Before long We may witness the greatest
migration Of peoples in the history of the
world, the main stream pouring out Of
Europe into the United States.
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

States in large numbers were the Irish.
Figures Of the immigration Bureau 30 back
only to 1920, but in that year 1914 persons
: from the Emerald Isle landed upon our
shores. During the next thirty years, from
1921 ITO 1850, the Irish. contributed more
than two ffths of all our immigrants. But
II was in 1S4T, the year of the great
famine, that the influx from that source
began in earnest. During eight years, from
1877 to 1854. r,154, 80 people left Ireland
for America. -
'"The potato was mainly responsible for
that migration. Sir Walter Raleigh was
first to cultivate it on his estate near Cork.
II proved great blessing, and its culture
snread with extraordinary rapidity. Here
was plant which produced SO much food
70 the acre that the labor of one man wouId
Weld sustenance for forty persons. The
Irish came to depend almost wholly, unon
the potato for food, growing little else:
and when the crop xss destroyed by 'blirht )
general starvation followed.
..In 1s4S there wes revolution in Ger
many, and as q consequence great numbers
of people left that country and came to the
United States. But after the Franco
Prussian war Germany entered upon period
of unprecedented prosperity. Her industries
developed and her trade expended rapidly.
As result, our immigration from that
source quickly and greatly shrank. 1t has
not averaged more than a5, 900 per annum
since then. -
During the same period Italy was In a
rather bad way economically and condition,
were made worse By e1cess of population.
Her people began nockins to the United
States, and they have been comiig IN in.
ereasins numbers ever since.s
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

IF it has not yet fairly started. 1t is
because the beginning of the year 1921 finds
the immigration lanes closed as effectively Is
during the war against Austria, Hungary,
Russia, Germany, the Balkans and the war
born states of Poland. Finland and Czeche-
Slovakia-territory which in 1914 sent to us
nearly 900, 900 immigrants, and which In
1920 sent fewer than $500.
Thus it is obvious that our great post
war immigration is still a problem of In.
future. But observation Of the trend Of
events in central and eastern Europe pres,e,
home a conviction, to many at any rate, that
before long this problem will become i'm
mediate and battling.
sit is expected that when eastern Eu-o,s
finally emerges from the maelstrom into
which the great war has plunged it the over
seas exodus from all that part Of the world
will increase beyond anything ever dreamed
Of in the past. The food is said to be
already gathering and only. waiting the
breaking of the dam.
Up to the present time our so-caIled
Russian immigrants have nearly all of them
come from countries which, now that the
war is over, are no longer embraced within
the recognized territory of Russia. Tbey
have been Poles, Let's, Firms, Lithuanisns
and so forth. OF the real Russian neonI.
natives of Soviet Russia, relatively few have
come to America. But unless the best OBJ
ainaole information is misleading, they are
getting ready to start in multitudes and are
likely within the next few years to become
- Of the largest, If not the largest. race
group represented among our arriving immi-
grants"
WHAr are we going to do about it'"
w asked.
That is the puzzle" replied Mr.. Post,
and no adequate solution offers itself. Now
that the food of immigrants from abroad
seems on the point of being let loose we are
thinking Of setting up barriers to hold It
back. 1t is feared that they will come in
numbers too great to be assimilated that
one consequence of their arrival in multi
tudes will be a tendency to lower the
American standard of wages and the Ameri-
can standard of living; and that they will
hiring with them elements which we regard
an unwholesome and even dangerous for this
country socially and politically.
''There is talk of shutting them out
altogether-of putting a stop to immigration
into the United States for a term of years.
But do the people who recommend such
course realize the inevitable and very serious
consequences which it will involve? For
one thing, obligations of international
comfy stand in the way. How can we shut
all aliens out of our country while claiming
the right for our own people to enter, reside
in, and do business in their countries? Nor,
for this and other good reasons, would It
be practicable for Us to discriminate against
certain countries Of origin, or against GER
tain European races. Already we have
riddles enough of that sort in connection
with the japanese.
"A point TO be incidentally considered Is
that, as the cutting off Of immigration would
not stop migration. situations might arise
In which certain industries of vital i'm
The Washington herald., 1921-06-05

the great war-did not exceed 20 900. Since
then we have received and taken to our
national bosom IL ,O00, 900 aliens from those
sources.
Immigration to supply our farm owners
with labor is a hopeless proposition. Aliens
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
MAKES USEFUL
 CITIZENS
 INCORRICIBLES

VICTORIA, B. C., April 9 (by Asso- ciated Press) )-Making bad boys into useful citizens is a problem that has been successfully solved by British Columbia, according to a report from the provincial school for boys, tables in the legislature, by the introduction of the honor system. Bars have been removed from the windows, fire es- capes are kept unlocked day and night. and not a single boy has at tempted to escape.
 To encourage good behavior and industry among the boys and to per init every boy to earn a remission of part of the term for which he was sentenced, they are grouped into classes and rewarded according to the progress they make. The boys are being taught to look upon the insti- tuition, not as a jail, but as a home. They have established a band which gives concerts at reguIad intervals.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
FOREST RESERVE UNIT
 YIELDS BIG INCOME

MISSOULA, Mont, April (by As sociated Press) ).-District No. 1 of the forest service, with headquarters in Missoula, is leading the national for est reserve units in financial pros perity, according to word received from Washington, D. c. Total re- ceipts of District No. 1, which in cludes Montana and northern Idaho, for the last seven months were $2S1,- 900, which is $48,241 over the pre- vious seven month period. Timber sales amounted to $24S,265, and graz ing permits brought in the remainder of the total.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
Village Gossip
BY FLORENCE LA BELLE

styles of different periods. It is said the world.
 One of the most inteesting cos tunes is that of a fisherwoman from the Firth or Forth. Tailored suits and peek-a-boo waists have had no effect on the lusty Scots who live on the arm of the sea, for their dress standard has remained un- changed for 500 years
 Shifts in American styles are il- lustrated by eight waxen faced beau ties starting with the street gown of 1850. In this display are an after noon frock of 1857, calling cos tune of 1869, ball gowns of 1860 and spring wear of 1869. The opera goer of 1910 stands haughtily erect in the extremely tight skirt of that year. Leaders in dazzling costumes are the Japanese from the time of their introduction to the western world. Slant eyed, brown faced dolls pre- sent complete picture of feminine Nippon's armor of conquest in rich silks and satins. A large group of Chinese mannequins, arrayed in heavy silk fabric, peep from beneath conquettish Oriental sunshades.
 Hats have received particular at in, horner headgear popular in the year 1900, the monster mitre hats and the sugarloaf hoods with clusters of hair dressed high against the supporting hear-shaped device
 In analysing the various styles Mrs. Wright says women of all ages apparently cared less for the material and more for the cut the world over.
 * * *
 There will be a business meeting next Monday night of the Pioneer Ladies Auxiliary, followed by a social meeting. All members are requested to be present as matters of import ance are to discussed. The host esses for the social affair are Mrs. Adams, Mrs Flames and Mrs. Chase.
 ]; # *
 Jack Downing who underwent an operation at the Cordova hospital last week for appendicitis is recovering rapidly.
 * * A
 Joyce Harwood celebrated her third birthday this afternoon by inviting in a few of her friends to enjoy birth, day cake. The guests were Mary Lee Council, Betty Lee Brown, Ann
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
FISHERMEN ALLOWED
 TO ENTER ISLANDS

HONOLULU, April (by Associat- ed Press).-The United States depart ment of immigrationehas granted per mission to a Honolulu fish packing company for the importation of thirty five aku and tuna fishermen, owing to the shortage of such labor in the islands. The fishermen are expected from Wakayama in southern Japan on one of the early liners from the Far East.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
CONDITIONS
 REPORTED BY HICKMAN

Conditions are beginning to show improvement in the states; manufac. turers that had closed down their plants completely are reopening them; and business men generally are more optimistic than they have been for months, according to J. R.. Heckman, president of the Miners and Merchants Bank and head of J. R. HeCkman < Co.,, Inc, who, ac- cOmpanied by Mrs. Heckman, just re- turned from the south after an eX- tended trip through California, Ore gon and Washington, says the Ketchi- kan Chronicle
 "The money market is improving rapidly" he said, "and while it was impossible a few months ago for the business men in the states to get any accommodation of consequence at their banks, they are now meeting adjustment, from war to peace basis. had to come. Everybody has real ized it and for that reason have all accepted their part in the turn of affairs
 Regarding the outlook for the north, MT. Heckman said that it is not nearly as gloomy as many have pictured it.
 ''Canneries are not going to operate as extensively this year as in former seasons" said MT. Hickman, but the effect will benefit us all in the long run. The market is going to be cleaned out of salmon and next year the industry will be ready to resume operations along a business peace, time basis, ready to compete with other food products"
 Politics? Nothing new Senator Hickman says he knows nothing about politics except that with all the fights that are on for the many offices, he is delighted that he did not run for national committeeman.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09

The Ladies Athletic Association ming and President Harwood appoint ed a committee for the next public affair. Those in charge are Mrs. Glassbrenner, Mrs. Tom Burchett, Mrs. Laura Clarke, Dr. Wight and Mrs. Maillard. After the meeting the ladies played volley ball
 Mrs. Chase was the hostess at a Little Kids" party given last Thurs day evening at her apartment. The lunch consisted of hot buns and frankfurters. Mr. Sommers carved the silverware out of wood for the occasion and a delightful time was had by those present who were: :: Misses Esther Traversy, Agnes Hud- son, Ruth Herron Charlotte Bacon, Ethel Graham, Marie Rosswog, Helen VanDevere, Marie Mcconnell and Thelma Mcconnell; Mrs. Roberta Harwood, Mrs. Bessie Brown, Mrs. Beulah Barr, Mrs. Laura Bacon, Mrs. Clara Muller, Mrs. Helen Counts, Mrs. Dorcas Scrivene, Mrs. Florence I4aBelle and Mrs. Ellen Chase.
 % % A
 Fashions in women's year for the last 1900 years, from the abundant robes of the Roman patrician to the abbreviated skirts of today, are rep resented on 1855 dolls dressed by Mrs. Charles S. Wright at Pittsburg, Mass. Work was begun on the unique col lection of mannequins more than six years ago. after months of study of authenticated prints portraying
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09

Mrs, Lou Hegg arrived from Seat tie on the Northwestern and is stop ping at the Windsor hotel. She will leave on the next boat for Anchorage to accept a position with Wm. Log german, the photographer.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09
ORGANIZATION GRAIN GROWERS
 IS PERFECTED

CHICAGO, April 9 (by Associated Press).-The preliminary organization of the United States Grain Growers, Inauguration of which is expected to curb speculation and eliminate price fluctuations, was perfected here yes terday. Washington, Oregon, Utah and California are in district No. l., and George c. Jewett of Spokane, and Victor H. Smith of Wasco, Ore, were selected as district directors.
The Cordova daily times., 1921-04-09

Scott, Betty Brock, and Joyce liar wood
 This afternoon an entertainment was held at the Presbyterian church in honor of Miss Edith Wilson, who will soon leave for Kennecott. One of the features was play given by the class, wholly composed by Phyliss Downing
 Five brothers, all Of whom served in the Confederate army, recently at tended a reunion of their comrades in Chr1stiansburg, Va. They are: Adolph Moore, 83; of Spanishburg, w. Va; Mansfield M. Moore, 80, of Cambrai, Va; o. M. Moore, IS. of Elliston, Va; E. T. Moore, 75 of Bradshaw. Va. and Benjamin Moore, 73, of Shaws- vile, Va.
 The two oldest of the Moore brothers have about seventy descend ants each and the third is childless. They are probably the only five brothers, natives of Virginia, still living, who served in the Civil war.
 * *
 The Ladies Aid Society of the Pres byterian church held a business meeting at the home of Mrs. w. H. Chase on Wednesday last. Those present were Mrs. J. c. Smith, Mrs. Graham, Mrs. Waln, Mrs. Vance, Mrs. Cohrs, Mrs. Fraisure, and Mrs. Chase
 Friday night the Orange Lodge gave a reception in honor of the mem bers and their families. Cards and dancing were enjoyed till a late hour when supper was served to the many present
 Mrs. Lou Hegg arrived from Seat tie on the Northwestern and is stop ping at the Windsor hotel She will leave on the next boat for Anchorage to accept a position with Wm. Log german, the photographer.
 * * *
 Down at Tacoma, rules stating what is appropriate and what is not appropriate in dress for high school girls have been issued by the girls, following two style shows they gave recently.
 Some of the rules follow:
 Silk dresses are not suitable for school wear, no matter how simple, because some girls cannot afford them.
 A school and street costume should never be conspicuous.
 French heels are not suitable ex- cept with party dresses.
 Thin georgette waists are of no utility except to show off a camisole
 Evening dresses for school girls should not be excessively low in the neck
 Half socks should not be worn.
 High shoes or oxfords with low heels should be worn to school
 The style shows were arranged, the girls announced, to prove ground less frequent charges that the girls are often immodestly clothed. Live models showed that the parents of the girls what girls considered in good taste and what clothing was taboo.
 We school girls show greater con servatism in our clothing than do our elders" said one girl speaker at the show. "We are strongly against extremes in garbs that Wom- ems clubs, legislators, mothers or ganizations and others accuse us of donning."
Evening journal., 1921-07-02

purpose was to put the fear of God
and the British Navy into the hearts
of all disloyal colonists by shelling and
ralding some of the towns and villages
on their way up the Chesapeake Bay.
After the coracle and officers had
moved off the boys turned frightened
faces to each other.
I'VE must take a warning at oncel"
said George. a
But" Honest replied. "dey's kind
O. nervous feelin' aroun-abouts and
dey's all shading dere lights. SO mebbe
do eighteen-poundahs don't ind no
taget tonight"
This was very true, and although
his companion had not said anything,
George knew as we'll as he did that
they could not get back In their boat
without being seen, for already the
tide was ebbing. leaving them almost
grounded. and in order TO get back by
water they would have to push out
into the Bay where they would be in
plain sight To return to the village
by land meant long way round. as
the Britisher had said. for the shore
curved deeply.
wed be getting home just IN time
TO spread the ALARM" said Gerge.
"Mought do 1t in a hour" Honest
said.
George looked at the setting sun and
another thought came to him.
"1f the Britishers don't see the lights
they might send a raiding party
ashorei" he exclaimed.
"shore nuff!" said Honest.