The Republican journal., 1921-01-06
FOREIGN AFFAIRS


With continual strife, amounting vir-
tually to civil war, In Ireland, with
spasmodic revolutionary outbreaks in
Germany. with counter-revolutionary
movements developing at intervals in
Russia, with civil war in China and
with political upheavals in France,
Italy, Greece and other countries,
the unrest and changing conditions
growing out of the World war were
reflected in the disturbed internal con-
ditions of many countries of the old
world in 1920
One of the unexpected political de-
velopments of the early days of the
year was the failure of Premier Gle
dent Of France upon the expiration of
the term of President Poincare Paul
Deschanel was elected on January II
and the following day Clemenceau's
cabinet resigned. Alexandra Miller
and formed a new cabinet at the re
quest of President Poincare.
The All-Russian government in ST.
IBERIA, headed by Admiral Alexander
r. kolchak, was finally destroyed with
the killing of Admiral koichak by So
CiaI Revolutionists at Irkutsk on Feb
ruary T.
In Great Britain the government
took its first definite step toward a
settlement of the Irish question on
February % by presenting to the
house of commons its Irish home
rule bill, providing for autonomous
rule under a dual parliament, repre-
senting both the north and the south.
On March 10 Ulster voted to accept
the bill.
A new c0unter-revolution. directed
by militarists, broke out in Berlin
March 10. The revoutionists gained
control of Berlin and DR.. Wolfgang
Kapp proclaimed himself chancellor.
The revolution was short-lived, how
ever, ending in failure on the 10Th
when DR.. Kapp resigned.
The Irish situation continued to at
tract the attention of the world. On
| March 10 the mayor of Cork was kill
| ed by assassinS. In the House of
Commons the Irish Home Rule bill
| passed its second reading on March
| 81, 34S to o. On April Irish tax
| offices and records were burned at
many points and wire communication
| from Belfast was cut.
! In Mexico the presidential campaign
| developed a revolution which resulted
eventually in the overthrow of the
| CarranZa government. On April 10 the
state of Sonora withdrew from the
republic and fighting between the
! Sonora troops and federal forces be
gan. BY April p nine Mexican states
had joined the secession movement
The revolutionary movement gained
rapidly and on May 7 President Car
rama fed from Mexico City toward
the eastern coast. On May % Car
rama, the fugitive president, was shot
and killed by troops in his escort
while asleep.
A cabinet crisis in Italy on June g
| resulted in the resignation of Premier
Nitti and his cabinet. Signor Orlando
also resigned as president of the cham
Der. A new cabinet was formed June
/ II under former Premier Giovanni Gil
olitti. On June q Italian troops mu-
tinted at Ancona and Red" upris
ings broke out al over Italy in what
| appeared to be a concerted anarchist
plot.
On August 10 Mayor Terence Mac
Swiney of Cork was arrested by Brit.
ish troops for sedition in holding a
| Sim Fem court at the City Hall. He
was convicted by a court martial OF
the 18th and taken to an English pris-
on where he Immediately entered up
on hunger strike. Riots and in
cendiariSm continued to assume more
serious proportions at many points
In the constitutional election held
in Mexico September General AL
vara Obregon was elected president
President Deschanel of France re-
signed September p because of i'll
health and on the 23rd Premier Alex
andre Milierand was elected to succeed
him. Georges Leagues, minister of
marine under Clemenceau, became pre-
mier
Further disturbances were reported
in Italy during October. On the 18th
leaders of the Socialist party and the
General Confederation of Labor or
dered demonstrations in every town in
Italy in an effort to force the Italian
government to recognize soviet Rus
STA, and on the following day many
persons were killed and wounded in
the course of two-hour strike called
as protest against the arrest of polit-
ical offenders opposing the allied pol
lev toward Russia. The government
began a drive on the 18th to round up
all advocates Of violence In the coun-
i try.
After a hunger strike Of "a days,
which had drawn the attention of the
world, Terence MacSwiney, lord mayor
Of Cork, died in Brixton prison, Lon