davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
PATp'||ssS HENRY YANCEY
3iEs IN SOUTH BOSTON
Was Member of One of Old.
est and Best Families
III Virginia.

News wns received In Richmond
yesterday of the death OF Patrick
Henry Yaneey. of South Boston.
which occurred Sunday night, from,
inc inhrmi,ies Of old age, TN.
funeral services VIII be held I'm the
hnme VI hls daughter, Mrs, Z. T.,
Hiliilnnd. In South Ens,un. today.
and intermsnt VIII I've In Cahrid.:e
Cemetery,
Mr.. fanccy had resided In South
Boston longer than any other person
and he belonged to one OF the o.drpt
and best families IN Virginia. His
Welsh ancestors came to America
shortly before the RnvoIun,;onary
period In iT7s. lie was s5 years os
age having been born August -,
1879. at bunaio Li,hia Springs. Meek
lcmhurg County. lie was a son Of
the Hate William j.. and Nancy
ianccy. Tn. plantation ON which
the lived ae n boy conslatnd Of 400
acres, and In hia youthful dass he
hranh from the sprinRs which since
have become famoun Tor medicinal
qualities.
Mr.. Yanecy's paren,n moved to
small boy, In 1851 he enlisted Ia Dr.
Jvhn Clearinghouse company, waS
captured at Rich Mountain and
paroled. On June 4. 1882, he located
Ia South llpstpn, and IN the early
htnteSy 81 the tows held many pub
lie p0Eitiena of responsibility. lie
had Eeen South Boston grow from a
vag: field In cultivation OF tobacco,
Data and corn. to modern town.
being one of tho largest bright leaf
markets ia the world.
For about thirty years Mr., Yam
ccy was "A commercial Traveller and
'.as weii-hnown throughout Virginia
and North Cnrolina, and IL" had q
large number OF friends in Richmond.
On March 81, 1865. Mr.. Vance"
married Miss ~ ]. Jefrrcss. daugh-
ter of Captain j.. Is. JeTress and
Mary II. Jcnress, who were often re-
terreI to as Father and Mother Of
south Boston" His wifi. died a lit
lie more than fouE years ago, and
the following children survive him.
Mrs. 8. +, Gilii!and. Of South Boston.
Mrs J. NJ Silcot;. Frank "a. fanccy,
and Charles Il. Yancey, OF Richmond.
ard Walter l.. Yancey OF Greenvi!i",
:. &. one sister. Mrs. y. J. Vaughan.
Of buffalo LithIa Springs. a,'.O sur
vivc Inn.
on March 81. 1915. Mr. and Mrs.
Yancey celebrated :hcir golden we'd
ding anniversary.
Mr.. Yancey was a memSer OF the
Hn,ltist Church and an ardent stu.
dent OF the Blhle,
hive ooks." ,he Yancey home. Is
the pldcse hunse Ia South Boston,
The dweiiinE occupies tho centcr OF
n clsote- OF huge oaks, facing Broad
Street, aud Ia butte on ous OF tn :
arettiest =l,ez Ia the town. 1t Is
rtUn In excollcut condition.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
|EC[ARES FAR EAST IS
|ANE TO WORLDS FUTURE
ohm Barton Payne Addresses
Phi Beta Kappa, of Will
liam and Mary.
i,Inrf CANDIDATES INITIATED
"ci"ty Celebrates Its Iaath Auni,cr-
Snry Mt WiilinmSbure-Fuu
December 3. 1870 by Group OF ". &
". Students.
Especial to The rimcs-Dlspatch.l

Especial to The Times Dispatch
WILLIAMSBURG. VA. Dec. g.
ohn Barton Payne. former Secretary
the Interior, addressing the Phi
fe,a Kappa. OF William ana Mary
oilcgc. NJ its 145th Anniversary ceic-
ration here last night. declared "th.,
ar East LEG across the future OF
be world"
Fnsland and Japan. and France and
apan had greatly hlndered the
opcD door policy" Ne also gave 4,
his opinion should there he an
,her war II would have It's origin in
apan. He said japan Always had
rohtea by her wars. just ns Ger
lany did. and outlined the history
Japanese wars. demonstrating
here and how the Japs always
aimed and never lost; how Japan
nnened korcn from Chinn and how
trough the Russo-Jap wur che had
fmFy established herself on the Pa
Tic Ocean: emphasizing her gain
rough the world war, which. he
I'D. entailcd no loss upon her part.
Closes Door tn r:nxt.
Nr Payne declared Japan closes
door to the East, and though dis-
Jvercd politically by I'm America n.
ne had been converted 10y Germany
nj remained therefore the only Inn
criallstic nation In the world. He
AID although the armament confer
nee had been called for the express
urpose OF disarmament or Limitation
arms. these questions could not be
fttlcd unless the Far East question
AZ settled a. tho sam. time.
Mr Payne, concluding. said that
cspite our talk " nvo;1inY cntan-
ling foreign alliances. the march u
uman events has nrcci2!tat-d the
n!tcd states into world affairs.
Initiation Of some thirty members.
ne 81 woman. proceeded a banquet at
1uech 900 were present Robert NJ.
right. philadelphia. Pa. president
( Alpha Chapter. PM Beta kappa.
resided Rev. II. II. Young. Ken
ridge. Va. gave the Invocation. The
oc!c;y war founded December ., l116,
group OF students AZ william
nd Mary College.
Among theee to receive honorary
icmbership are: John Barton Paynr.
'homas Il. McAdams, Richmond; Ju-
!ius H. Barnes, New York. MISS chnrl
h. Williams. Memphis. Tenn j.. T.
3la2ton. Washington. provost OF the
University of Tennessee, Fairfax
Harrison. president OF the Southern
Hallway; James Is. CabcN. Dunbar
|oa. Va: Or. Robert q. Rogers. Blue
held, w. Va; DIR. Claude G. Coleman,
Richmond: Dr, Emmc', H. Terrell,
richmond. Robert j. Dade. PuiaAki,
Fem; Harry g. Hughes. Galveston,
rex; John l.. Ticrnon, Buffalo. y. y;
3. II. Fletcher. quincy, W, Va; Ash :
on Dovci!. Williamsburg, Va; y. G.
:ordon, Jr.. stanton, Va; Rev. II. II.
muuI, Ecnbr.dgc, Va. KcT - g.
|,.u. Onancock. Va; Professor W. u.
(.Osrin. V. =. J.. B.ackshurg. Va. and
ohm ~ Il Grim, washington, II. G..
\ss!s,au, Atto.ncy-GcneraI OF the
-n.;cG states.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
CORPORATION COURT
OPENS in DANVILLE

DANVIIIE. VA, Dec. 5.-Thc civil
term of the Corporation Court opened
this morning. the day being given
over 90 the setting of dates for ncnr-
/, ings. The court announced tho set :
cling Of Il new rule. In which no
Eases will hc set for trial until the
,!piCadings have been ilied
Thc action of Mrs. a. u. Coleman
"a recover $1,000 from the Southern
Railway Company as the result ~
tho death Of her husband last spring.
when an incoming Norfolk train
crushed him TO death. has bcen com
promised for S5,Ta0, the railway com
pany paying $4,000 and the remainder
being paid by tho Insurance COM
many
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
GRE DESTROYS YACHT
IN PAMLICO SOUND
vessel From Detroit Burns Il
Waters Edge on Pea Island.
North Carolina.
fDy Associated rrcss.1


NORFOLK, VA, Dec. 5.--Thc hand
some yacht Tsnarack, owned BY DR..
la. y. Torrey, OF Crosse Point, De-
roit, Mich. was burned TO the
IS atcr's edge between and 4 o'clock
asst night in pamlico Sound. of Pea
Island, y. {.
What is left OF the vessel nov lies
n shoal water. Everything aboard
was destroyed but there was no
loss OF life and no one was injured.
rhc yacht WAS 2l0 feet in length
and valued q, $4,000 Her motive
pow OF was gasoline
rr Torrcy, who was major In the
United states Army during / the
world war, arrived at the Pea Island
club a week ago TO shoot ducks He
WAS accompanied by number OF
guests
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
-
IOudoun Wins First Pri<r.

PuRcEr.I.vIi.LE. VA. Dee. 81,
the educn,'r. conference held in Rich
mond. l.ondour County won frs, priz.
COR tho best Community League work
in The state. Loudnun County stoo6
tonrth In educat!ona! efficiency during
the past session. having advanced
from ninth 10 the fourth place IN ono
year Two of the counties tina, stand
ahead Of Louhoun. Elizabeth City and
FRINGE George. include incorporates
cities. and the third. Arlington Coun-
-. - very dcnsely populated.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
MRS. JOHN HIRSCHBERC
DIES IN HOME HERE,
wife OF state Inbor CnmmIssIoncr
sucrumbs Aftrr Illness or
ScyprEl Ycur.

Mrs. John lIIrgchLcrg. ~ years. Of
age. wiic OF tho state Cniin,iSrioucr
OF Labor. uicd Ia her ho'ru. :;9a I:as,
I'roha street. yesterday morning. at
o'clock. after AN Hines. OF .ovcrni
years. Mrs, Hirsclhorg was former
- MISS Mary L.. Bailcy. daughter or
Mr. aud Mira. Jamcs \. Iiu!loy, and 4.
survived hy her husband aud ON, son
James Aiken IIirschborg. about 6
years OF agoi by her parents, three
brothers. Harry Bailey, ct Covin9tou.
Val George a. Bailey, OF Mount Airy,
n, c.. and Arthur T. HALEY. or
InieaEo' III, aud ono sister, Mrs.
John w. Myers, Of this city
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
Robert 7. IIntcx.

Robert !. Hates. aged about as
Years, died suddeuly yesterday morn
ing IN his room at Murphy's Hotel.
MI Rates. who lived at les South
arlington Avenue. Last Orange, \
J., travelled for a Ch!ca 20 house, ana
arrived yesterday morning. He asked
thai physician Ic called. as he wa /,
not fcciing we'll Promp; medical Al; i.
IGNITION was given. hut tho end came
shortly afterwards, pr. Whitfield.
coroner said death wac due to
na'ura, camscs, The body was
turned over to Undertaken BENNETT
and prepared FOR shipment to East
Orange,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
L.. &. rolIar,,,, I,nncr,I

Funeral services for L. G. Pollard.
who died sunday night ut ll:45
o'clock in tho home OF his daughter.
Mrs' w, W, Taylor. 9Oa North Thirty
t"a street. Will 10 held IN the Oak
wood Avenue baptist Church this
Afternoon at o'clock. Burial VIII
DO In Lakewood Cemetery.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
John w. Weaver.

HEATHSVILI.E. VA. Dec. 5.-John
W. Weaver. aged about 81 years. died
at the home OF his daughter. Mrs
T. w. Reed. in Washington. He was
a native and resident OF Westmorc
land County until shortly before his
death, and tho body was brought
home for interment.
He Is survived by his wife. dauGh-
ter and two sons. all OF Washington.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
Patrick Court convep.x

DANNIILE, VA, Dec 5.-The Pat
rick County Circuit Court convened!
at Stuart this morning. Mt which
time the recent murder OF Robert
Alley and George Akers at the hands,
IL is alleged. of George Goings was
placed before the grand jury.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
,,rx. Lille ID. NM.

lHNCiRuRG. VA. Dec. 5.-Mrs.
LILLE ID. Mays. wife OF II. w. Nays,
died Saturday ut her home In Fair
View Heights. She Is survived by
her husband; three sons. Wilson, Co
ell and Curtis; her mother, Mrs. Mary
Wood. and two brothers, Allen and
Quito Wood, I'll Of Lynchburg.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
Miss aIn.tha A. WIN.

Misa Martha Addie Wills. abou,
W years OF age. OF Amelia County.
died sunday morning at $3.50 o'clock.
ahn the iunerai services will 10 held
today In Nottoway County, Two
brothers. r. II. and James 4 Wills
OF this city. survive.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
nonyiIIc In. nIs Frost.

VA, Dec. 5.-Wintcr
.stiddenly descended on Danville over
night, heavy frost being expert.
'enced, with thermometers down to
~ degrees. Several 4 snow nurrIes
we're observed here during The course
OF today, KS &
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
Drnme In New position.

S. II. Brame. former internal rev.
emile agent In charge OF income tax
AMI later prohibition enforcement
in Virginia and several other States
has become associated with Wells &
Miller. tax accountants. OF Richmond
and Roanoke.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06

According to information last
night by Mrs. NJ. c. Patterson, Hill
Crest. sister-in law OF Senator In
derwood. the Senator's mother was
twice welded. Her first marriage
was with Kentuckyian. n Mr.. VII
der Shortly after tho ceremony the
couple removed from Petersburg to
Bowling Green. Ky. where Mr.. Will
der had 4 large farm estate. Mrs.
VIII Underwood. OF birmingham. is
daughter By the first marriage. she
sal,
Widowed by the death OF her hus-
band. Mrs. Wilder married Judge
Underwood, II Nirginiau from Gooch-
land County. who had been elected
10 the bench in Kentucky. They
lived on the farm At Powling Green
Tor several years. ana when Mrs. I'm
dcrwood's health failed. removed To
81 paui. MINI.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
N;rbaci Pasauaic Tuo.ro.

i-TNCHBUEG. Va, Dec. 5-Mic,,-
AL raSqr2i2 Tuo.:o. % years Of ss..
died Sandy evening AZ O'Clock al;
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06

WASlliNGTON. Dec 5.-Senator
Underwood. OF Alabama. left early
today for birmingham. where he was
called by the death OF his mother.
Up until last night. Senator Under
wood had received favorable reports
regarding his mothers illness
Mr.. Underwood's absence was eX-
pected to AFFECT the work OF the
armament conference. Io Is one OF
tho American delegates and also
chairman of the subcommittee deal
Ing with Chinese tariff matters.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06
VIRGINIA WOMAN IS
DEAD IN ALABAMA
Mrs. FREDERICK Underwood, 90
Years Old, Mother of Scna.
Tor, Passes Away.

BIRMINGHAM. Ala, Dec. 5.-Mrs.
Frederich Virginia Underwood
mother Of Senator oscar w. Under
wood. of Alabama. died OF heart
trouble early today. at the homo o.
her son. Fred. v. Underwood. Sr.
Mrs. Underwood wac born In Pc
icrsburg. Va. ninety years ago. She
had been critically III for several
dhys. Burial will be made at Louis?
vile. Ky. Wednesday morning.
Mrs. Underwood Is survived by
threo sons and one daughter: Senator
pncar w. Underwood. Fred. v. I'm
derw"od. ST.. uc Birminghum; Major
sydney :. Underwood. L. $. ~. and
Mrs. w L. Underwood. Birmingham,
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1921-12-06

his home. Quincy Street, extended.
He was the son OF Thomas and Rosa
Tuozzo, and has the following broth
ers and sisters: Misses Mary, Anna
ana Sylvia Tuozzo and Louis, Nicho-
las, Robert and George Tuozzo.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28

ed communities of $500 inhabitants or
more. How the funds are provided for
constructing and maintaining roads
also will be made known. The amount
invested in road machinery-an item
concerning which even approximate in
formation is lacking today-will be
sought. After the information is OBJ
tanned 1t will be kept up to date.
In undertaking the survey the bu-
reau requests the assistance of every
unit of government doing road work
in the nation; of road officials the coun-
try over, and of associations, organiza-
tons and individuals, down to the man
with a flivver, having information or
data as to local highway activities. AS
future legislation may be based on
percentage of road mileage, it is point
ed out that it is essential for each unit
to have its total, as well as its i'm
proved road mileage, carefully and cor
rectly recorded in the survey.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
Perform Engineering Stunts Sur
passing Human Feats.
New York Subway insignificant in
Comparison With Insects Tunnels
Wonderful Works of Cutting
Ants In Texas.

New York.-The SubwayS and tun-
nels under the Hudson and East rivers
have attracted attention throughout
the world, and by some have been
named as one of the greatest engineer
ing feats in this era of wonderful feats.
Man has all the machinery that sci
ence could invent to assist him, cement
and stone to make the tunnels water
proof, instruments of precision to help
him in driving the tunnels or subways
in the right direction and at the proper
level below the water line or street
level.
1t is interesting to compare this
work of man with similar works of
the cutting ants in Texas. Compare
the work of man with all his ma
chinery and instruments and that of
the ants with only their jaws and per-
haps one pair of legs which they use
at a time, the size and length of the
tunnel with that created by man, and,
lastly. the relative size Of the ants and
man, and you must admit that taking
all things into comparison the work
of the ants is of far greater magnitude
than that of man.
DR.. Henry McCook states that Gen.
eral Fountain, while. stationed at Fort
Clark, noticed that the troop garden
was constantly being raided by these
ants, which stripped the vegetables of
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
WILL MAKE SURVEY OF ROADS

and cents, on the ledger of the national
assets. Nobody knows how many miles
there are where wheels may roll. The
strength and the weakness of the ma
TONS transportation arteries likewise
are unknown in detail.
When the survey is completed, all
these and other facts will be known
and will be available for guidance to
road builders. In addition there will
be abundant data to show up COMPARE
sons of costs. The well-built roads of,
say, Pennsylvania can be laid. dollar
for dollar and mile for mile, alongside
the well-built roads of California and
other states. First cost and mainte-
nance of macadam, asphalt, concrete
every kind of road built-from one Sec
ton can be matched against such costs
from every other section, If desired.
The way to make the dollar most effec-
tive in road work thus will be pointed
out
Rural highways as well as urban are
to be included, the latter embracing all
roads, streets and alleys in incorporat-
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
Long Siege Of
Freak Weather

France. suffers most severe drought in
Al years.
Rhine and Moselle rivers do great
damage in highest flood in 1873 years.
Cloudburst and hailstorm damage at
Rome, Italy. O.
Mount Vesuvius shows activity and
earthquake shock is felt from Leghorn
to Lake Lugino.
Italian destroyers carry inhabitants
to safety as volcano Stromboli re-
sumes activity.
Damage of several million drachmas
done in Greece by severe hailstorms.
Earth Blocks Canal.
Earth blocks Corinth canal.
Cyclone devastates three towns in
Haiti.
Volcano Kilauea in Hawaii spouts
immense fountains of lava.
Activity of the volcano Popocatapetl
in Mexico increasing.
Earthquake shakes Vera Cruz and
four other cities.
Lightning strikes Oil wells, causing
millions OF dollars damage in Tampico
and other districts.
Mexicans pray to water goddess" to
end drought.
Volcano Colima in Jalisco is in erup-
ton.
Many lives lost in waterspout which
destroyed part of Tangier, Morocco.
Volcano Masaya in Nicaragua in
eruption.
Typhoon and floods in Philippines,
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
MANS WORK BEATEN BY ANTS

their leaves, compelling them to aban-
selected, surrounded by an irrigation
ditch, but before long the ants again
appeared. The officers thought that
they had tunneled under the water, and
one of them, skeptical of their ability
to accomplish such an engineering feat,
investigated. He drained the irrigat-
ing stream (some four or five feet
wide), dug up the bed and traced the
insects trail from their point of enter
ing the garden to their old nest. on the
opposite side. There are also other ac-
counts of their making galleries under
the water.
A farmer near Austin, to get rid of
depredations of an immense colony Of
these ants near his home, had set his
men to dig it up. To reach the central
nest he had traced the ants from a
tree inside his home premises, which
they had stripped of leaves to point
500 feet distant.
The nest occupied a space as large
as small cellar, the lowest and main
cave being as large as a flour barrel.
From this point radiated the avenues
over which the ants marched on their
raids.
Doctor McCook, with the assistance
of a civil engineer, proceeded to sur
vey the main course Of the insects. In
some places the tunnel was as deep as
six feet beneath the surface, the aver
age depth being about eighteen inches.
At the ''exit hole" asa feet from the
nest, the tunnel was two feet deep.
Besides this main line there were two
branch tunnels which detected from
the trunk line to gain entrance to a
peach orchard 125 feet distant.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
Federal Bureau Will Investigate
Highways Of Nation.
Seeks Information on Cost, Character
of Construction and General Con-
dition of country's Roads
Asks Cooperation.

Washington.-The bureau of public
roads of the United States Department
Of Agriculture will shortly undertake
= survey of the mileage, cost, character
Of construction and general condition
of the nations highways. The survey,
which is the most extensive ever IN
dartaken and the first in seven years,
e to be made with the aid of state and
local officials and individuals the coun-
try over, and is comparable only to
the great task of taking the national
census.
Nobody, in all probability, could
guess today within millions Of dollars
what the roadways total, In dollars
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28

Farmer Grams Melons
Into Boys for Robbery

Council Bluffs, Ia.-To be COM
PEELED to gorge themselves on
truckload of melons which they
had stolen from field was the
novel form of punishment for
nine young men caught by Wal
ter j. Miller, melon grower.
Miller surprised the youths
and advanced on them with a
revolver, forcing them to drive
the truck to his house.
He then locked them in
room, and holding them in ter
ror forced them to eat melons
that his wife passed through Il
window.
At the end of the melon-eatins
contest the robbers were all roll
ing on the floor in agony while
three melons only remained in
the truck.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28
Stomach Trouble?
Indigestion?
Stomach Trouble and Sleeplessness
Can be Relieved Mrs. Boyd Says.

Stomach Trouble and Sleeplessness
Can be Relieved Mrs. Boyd Says.
Lindside, W. Va.-"This is to
certify that have used DR.. Pierce's
Golden Medical Discovery, and !
can recommend it very highly to
suffering humanity. had been Q
sufferer from Indigestion and stom-
ach trouble for over five months,
nothing / ate agreed with me and ]
could not sleep well at night. I used
four packages Of DR.. Pierce's Golden
Medical Discovery and received the
greatest of results from its use. I
am using the Pleasant Pellets now
and find them to give good satisfac-
ton. / am at present in very good
health due to the use of DIR. Pierce's
medicine.-Mrs. Hattie Boyd, r. B.
ID. 1, Box At.
I You can put yourself in the pink
Of condition by obtaining DR..
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery
In liquid or tablets from your neigh-
horhood druggist.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1921-10-28

and especially on island Of Luzon, do
great damage.
Six new craters opened at Mount
Izalco, Salvador.
Waterspout in Maia-Doura, province
of Spain, damages crops and villages.
Heat in the Alps causes glaciers to
shrink and nine mountain climbers are
killed.
Seventy-fve dead in tornadoes which
sweep southern United States.
Flood mandates Pueblo, causing SlO,-
100000 property loss. 81.
Forty-seven perish in San Antonio
(Texas) flood.
One consolation of the freak wealth
er, however, is the prospect OF an
"open winter"