davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08

CATION in such a defiant tone that he
was widely suspected of wishing to
wreck the negotiations so as to secure
the occupation of the Ruhr Valley by
the French and thus realize a Franco
German coal combine.
He owns more shares in non Ger
man concerns than any other German.
He owns nearly all the German canal
and river steamship lines and a big
proportion Of German Transmarine
Steamship Company shares. Several
Of the finest German hotels are his.
Together with half a dozen other in
dustrial magnates he controls nearly
all the factories and natural resources
Of the Rhineland and the Ruhr Valley
He is the chief director of the So
called classification" process that is
going on in German industry to-day.
His aim Is that he himself and few
others should control the raw ma
terials and manufactured goods in the
primary industries of Germany. To
this end he Is gradually welding the
coal industry, the iron and steel con-
Germs and the great banks that finance
them into one gigantic trust. The
SHINES group now controls the greater
part Of Germany's coal, iron and steel
supply. Last year the great coal and
iron trusts absorbed some of the big
gest metal-finishing concerns in the
country, among them the Siemens
electrical products group. The greatest
of the SHINES combines is the Rhine
Elbe Union, which produces 10000, 600
tons Of coal yearly and owns innumer-
able smelling and steel works.
Il is strange that the worlds most
powerful union Of big business in
terests is growing up in defeated
and halfruined country, with very
unstable government. Indeed, SHINES
and his colleagues are in some ways
more powerful than the government.
He is far more powerful than the
Kaiser ever was.
Within the last few days SHINES
has had two ocean steamers launched.
He has had one christened Hinden-
burg and the other Tirpitz There is
no doubt which way his political SYM
pathies lie, although he was once
member Of the Democratic party.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
The Building Embargo
No Funds Available Until Labor
Costs Return to Normal

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: Governor Miller has made
plain the crux Of the housing shortage
No careful business man Will tie up hi 5
funds in building operations when he
can invest such funds in United
States bonds producing substantially as
great return upon the investment
price as building loan mortgages and
with the probability, too, that the bonds
will soon go to par or higher; or when
he can invest in call loans, secured by
securities legal for investment by
trustees, and which bear interest at z
per cent or per cent, and can be
called at any time.
If, as suggested by the Governor, a
higher rate Of interest on mortgage
loans for building houses should be
the building trade could then
compete on an equal basis with dealers
in stocks and bonds, so as to get their
operations financed. But, even on
equal ground in the respect mentioned,
capital will hardly dare to finance
building so long as labor costs are
retained at war rates while other
costs have receded; for if, as some one
has said, an operator should build a
house now, at the prevailing high
rates, and if hereafter labor costs shall
recede 20 normal-as they always have
receded after periods Of infation-then
the Aousa built now, at the prevailing
high rates, will be worth no more than a
similar house built later at the
lower rate, and the operator will, of
course, lose the difference.
No sensible man will, therefore,
finance building operation at this
time.' or in fact at any future time.
until labor costs shall return to nor
NAL, unless he thinks that he can dis
pose of his building before such re-
turn.
The Governor having anticipated the
findings of The Lockwood committee, it
would certainly seem that so far as
any public advantage is concerned fur
ther investigation by this committee
IS needless. Indeed, further nvesti-
cation might easily mislead the pub
lie by suggesting that the shortage
might be remedied by the remission
of taxes on mortgages and new struc-
lures, or by Furnishing money lenders
for their alleged undue exactions, or
by other expedients none of which 60
to the real root of the matter, which,
IN the last analysis, is reduction in
labor costs to normal. A CITIZEN.
New York, April S, 1921.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
Hugo SHINES
tie Is Far More Powerful Than the Kaiser Epe1 Vas
(Exom The Mancheater lEaard.nnl

The name Of I-sgo SHINES, Ger
many's chief industrial magnate, is be-
coming nowadays a sort of symbol for
eli that is extreme and threatening in
German politics. He is spoken of as
sort of LudendorfY in the politico-
commercial field.
Each Deputy Of the German Reichs-
tag has contributed an account of his
own life to the Reichstag Handbook.
These autobiographies are Of varying
lengths, but the shortest Of them all
is that of Hugo SHINES: Date of
birth, 18th February, 1870; religion,
Evangelical; profession, merchants;
place of residence, Milhein on the
Ruhr."
The entry is Characteristic of the
quiet, unassuming man who frequents
the Adlon Hotel wearing q bowler hat
and black suit that is almost shabby.
SHINES is the wealthiest and most in
fuential man in Germany. In 1897 his
father. mine owner, left him fortune
Of 100000 gold marks (s450 oO0).
His own fortune just before the war is
said to have been about 4O,o00,000 Of
gold marks. His fortune at the present
day is estimated at more than thou
sand millions of paper marks.
In the war SHINES was the chief
contractor for war material, especially
iron and steel. Like most German in
dustrial magnates, he supported pan
German schemes of annexation, includ-
ing the annexation of Belgium. He
earned a great part of his fortune by
exploiting French and Belgian indus
tries in the zone occupied By the Ger
man armies. In no country was war;
profiteering so immense as in Germany
and no German was so big a war-prof-
iteer. as Hugo SHINES
When the revolution came he aban-
doned Pan Germanism temporarily and
joined the Democratic party, party
of Wilsonian principles. AS the revolu-
ton ebbed away he joined the German
Peoples party, which is reactionary,
IVY oiAoe Gnu iiOoCl1c w SOCldIiLdtlOI. IL
is sometimes known as the SHINES
party, for SHINES is its leader, contrib
utes most literally to its funds and
finances its electioneering campaigns.
The number of newspapers bought up
by him is now we'll over sixty, and in
eludes the Deutsche Allegemene Zei7
tung, until then the semi official organ
of the German and Prussian govern
ments. His influence on German public
opinion grows necessarily. No other
can compete with his. He
can afford to pay the highest salaries
and to keep correspondents abroad Ca
thing very few German newspapers can
afford to do). He has his own German
forests, SO that he pays less for paper
than any one else, and is independent
of the fluctuations in the foreign ex-
change.
AS the Peoples party is the strongest
in the government coalition, SHINES
has q considerable influence on Ger
many's home and foreign politics. He
was one of the experts at the Spa con-
ference, and addressed the Allied dele
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
Indian Coolies IN Fiji
No Foundation for an Anti-Bntish
Story Of I'll Treatment

No Foundation for an Anti-Brihsh
Story Of Ill Treatment
To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: The American Monthly, edited
by George Sylvester Vie-eck, which is
the organ Of the Won Hontret per cent
Americans, ought to be read by the
friends of England, for It always con-
tains the worst than can be said for
Albion.
In the current number there is
story about FIJI, quoted from The Is
lamic News, published in London, but
rot, think. one Of Ensland's foremos.
periodicals. That paper, N turn quot
ing from some obscure sheet rom New
Zealand, tells Of the snferings Of tfs
Indian coolies in the sugar fields Of
Fiji. 1t says that official investisa-
ton proves that 90 per cent Of the
laborers do not know the conditions Of
the contract they accept. The condi.
tions, however, are read and explained
TO them tbree times before they sign
ir India in the presence Of @ properly
qualified official.
The coolies work from $50 3. m, Of
course the best time 10 work, but the
article does not mention that in the heat
Of the day the coolie rests abrniantlg
The minimum wage is Of oted, suggest
ing that they can earn 10 more, but
indeed they earn according to the
amount Of work they do The MINIMUM
expected of them is not arduous, ana
those who have seen them work know
that they are paid IS much as their
work is worth. Small though 1t looks
on paper, it is sufficient for Their
needs in Fiji and more than they can
get in most parts Of India They Of
ten start money lending within lev
months of their arrival IN FIJI Many
save enough to start a store when theR
term of service IS over, and they ire
quently refuse to return TO lnd'a.
though they are entitled to be returned
to the place from which they came, /"
the terms of their agreement.
They are not "shocA.ngly housed
and the Fijian government has never
made all women common property
They are not i'll treated and the lsS
fayors them so that planter is @
tremely careful not to render himse''
liable tv q lawsuit.
The conditions regarding indentufs'
labor in FIJI can be obtained from s''
British government. While the sys
tenn may not be perfect, II IS net 'as
canker upon civilization II is rep,.
sented TO be ID The AmeEieanN2
Unfortunately all nations rob aa1
torture in some degree; England
strength lies in the fact that sh'
often repairs the evil she does Wiz
equal enthusiasm the moment 'S
crime is over; hence the conqner
think her mad. 1t is her sacred MAJ
roes. STEPHEN TIA IsA~
New York, April 4, 1921.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
4 One-dea Nauu
Three Years at Least win Be Required for Threelanc Preparedness
BY Quarterback

and 1918. Speaking Of The Tribune's
article on this subject, published
March 20, one Of the best authorities
in the United States says: at is. con-
servative enough to be strictly in ac-
tordance with the facts"
This subject cannot be dismissed
without noting the amazing fact thai
Congress recently Cancelled the con-
tract for six, submarines that might
have been Of some use In war oyer
seas in order TO obtain money for
naval ayiation-a branch of the serv-
ice, to be sure, that has been as much
neglected as submarines in our navy.
This caps the climax of shortsightsd-
ness. We must have both submarines
and air forces.
In concluding this discussion Of our
fatal submarine weakness it is a CON
servative estimate that with the u
most energy it will require four years
and an appropriation Of not less than
S1O0,O00,000 to supply our navy with
the types of submarines necessary in
modern naval warfare.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
The Knox Doctrine

In what spirit Senator Knox wrote
his peace resolution is shown by the
following from his speech of March
!. 1919, delivered in the early days
Of the treaty discussion, before the
final draft Of the covenant was
written:
MEANWHILE our co-belligerents need
have no anxiety, Cor SO surely as the
sun rises, if the Hun food again
threatened to engulf the world, we
shall again be found fighting for the
right, with the same complete accord
and cooperation as in the past, all
for the defense of civilization"
There has been persistent misrep-
resentation of Senator Knox. 1t has
been said that he proposed to have
this country desert it's allies and
scuttle away from world duties. The
san Francisco platform so charged.
md many have been led to think
Senator Knox is some sort Of pro
German.
Preceding the national election
There was at least the excuse of a
pressing partisan exigency. But now
not even this plea can be offered.
What is there about the peace mat
ter that leads to such mad continua-
tion of the effort to deceive? The
Justification business has so notably
failed that one would think it would
he abandoned
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
Yap and Mescpotania

The Yap and the Mesopotamian
mandates are popularity associated,
yet in important respects they differ,
and the argument made in Mr..
Hughes's recent note concerning
Yap does not necessarily apply to
Mesopotamia.
The United States declared war
On Germany, which had title to Yal,
but not on Turkey, of which Meso-
potamia was part. We have no
rights as belligerent in the Turk
lsh settlement. Our government
didn't help to frame the Sevres
Treaty, although it was invited to do
so. Having gone through the farce
of signing a treaty of peace with
Bulgaria, although throughout the
World War we had been on terms of
uninterrupted amity with her, our
commissioners at Paris called halt.
1t was apparently realized that by
no possible theory of international
relations could another "peace"
treaty of this sort be submitted to
the Senate.
We don't claim belligerent part
nershlp rights in Mesopotamia. All
we. are submitting is a protest
against the determinations in the
Turkish mandates by which we are
put among the outsiders, along with
Germany and Russia. Even Bul-
garia and Austria, former enemy
states, would have, as members of
the league, a status in Mesopotamia
superior to that of the United States,
one Of the chief Allied belligerents.
This is a reduction to absurdity.
In Yap, however, and in all the
overseas possessions surrendered by
Germany we are one of Joint gran
tees. Germany ccded these holdings
specifically to the five Allied and as
sociated powers. Fhe Japanese man
date for the Pacific islands north of
the equator was made out by the AL
lied council in the name Of the five
powers. Mr.. Wilson has testified
that the United States never con-
sented to this assignment. The jap
anese title was awarded through an
error, which appears on the very
face of the record. According to its !
own terms the Versailles Treaty was
to become effective when ratified bv
Germany and three of the principal
Allied powers, but effective only so
Tar as those three powers and Ger
many were concerned. The fact that
the United States hasn't so far rat 1
flied cannot, therefore, annul or
abridge our right to be consulted in
the apportionment Of the ceded Ger
man overseas possessions. Even if |
we never sign, our assent, formal or
implied, remains necessary to clear
ing of the title given to any man
datary.
Japan received her Yap mandate
irregularly, without the approval of
the United States. We ask now to
have the award reconsidered. Ac-
ton on this request will be test of
the readiness of the Allied council
to meet the United States fairly,
whether it joins the league or not, in
liquidating the claims which have
arisen out of our partnership in
the war.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
Pens and Swords

fFfom The Los Angeles TUnes)
The Musee in Paris hss already gath
cred more than 100000 volumes Of war
literature, and this is only good start.
1t is quite war that cnn furnish the
material for vast library ali in itself.
The shedding of blood. and the she'd
ding of ink go hand in hand-and
sometimes the ink catches up with the
blood in quantity.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08

During the twelve months The
Tribune made the largest gain in
circulation and by far the largest
percentage gain. Other records show
The Tribune was favored by still
larger comparative growth in vol
une of advertising published. The
tribune is easily the fastest growing
newspaper in New York.
This result has been achieved with
out resort to sensational methods.
1t is the consequence of pursuing q
policy of straight newspapering.
To its army of new friends as we'll
as to the steadfast army of its old
friends The Tribune feels it would
be lacking in gratitude if it did not
express due acknowledgment.
The Tribune to-day has a larger
circulation than at any time in its
history, and likewise the largest cd
Vertlsing patronage.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08

administrations:
IL am against a legislative nvesti-
cation unless the committee which is
TO be appointed has something con
crete to begin with. Unless there is
criminality somewhere that is to be
disclosed, so that people will be
aroused on moral issues, cannot see
the utility of an investigation" ~
Says Charles S. Whitman on the
same subject:
"Conditions in this city now are
such that q legislative investigation
properly conducted would so enlight-
en- the people as to the acts of their
chosen officials that great good would
unquestionabIy result.
"The mass of data, showing irregu-
larities--if not crime and positive
corruption-must now be withheld
from the public, for our lips are
sealed because of the law making it
mandatory that the happenings in a
grand jury room shall remain secret.
after more than two months of
careful Investigation of the mass of
material which has como to my at
tention, ! am forced to the conclusion
that conditions now are worse than
ever before. Irregularities and cor
ruption are more widespread"
We would submit, without argu-
ment, the question of which judg-
ment is entitled to the more weight.
Mr.. Whitman has been the states
Governor for two terms, and his ex-
nerlence and knowledge are sea-
soned. He has been District Attor-
Aey of New York, and as such
smashed the worst police graft ring
New York has ever known. He is an
expert in all that pertains to crooked
government, and recently has con-
Quoted an investigation which has
been crowned, despite the malignant
hostility Of the city administration
and the limits within which grand
jury must work, by no fewer than
twenty-five indictments.
What equivalent credentials is Mr..
Livingston able to present? The
public is not aware Of any. Such are
surely not furnished by his benevo-
lent attitude toward Brooklyn's
Tammany annex. If he has ever
shown zeal in assailing graft in his
own party or out of it the fact has
been kept from the public. His
friendships and associations are
such as to weaken rather than to
stimulate confidence in his opinion.
1t is a most curious thing that a Re-
publican leader, who claims no spe-
cial knowledge, should suddenly be-
come superserviceable to Hylan and
Tamnany.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08

the Old?
''I do not think that would be any
very satisfactory stopping place. Why
make two bites at planet? II we
work for unity on tho large scale we
are contemplating we may as we'll
work for world unity"
Only two bites at the earth7 Why,
man has been nibbling at the old
thing for many thousands Of years
as Mr.. Wells has SO beautifully por-
trayed--and has hardly begun to
get his teeth into it.
knowledge makes most men hum
bic. 1t makes Mr.. Wells superbly
confident. Not doubt intrudes
upon his mind. In his Outline Of
History he wrote:
"Only the spritlessness Of our pres
ent depression blinds us to the clear
intimations OF our reason that In the
course Of a few generations every lit
tie country town could become Athens,
every human being could be gentle in
breeding and healthy in body and
mind, the whole solid earth mans mine
and its uttcrmost regions his play
ground"
Athens with her Acropolis and
her Plato and Aristotle and her
Sophocles and Aristophanes! How
can Mr.. Wells, fresh from spreading
out the 'appallingly complex and
shifting universe at our feet, so to-
tally ignore the obvious and utterly
unsolvable circumstance that some
nations rise and some fall, one city
becomes Athens and another Man
chester? Perhaps another quota
tion will help as clcw. Mr.. Wells
is describing his world state to re-
suit after the cherry is swallowed:
"I do not think it is necessary to
assume that the council of the world
state will be an assembly Of party
politicians. I believe it will be pos
sible to have it real gathering Of
representatives, a fair sample of the
thought and will of mankind at large.
and to avoid party development by
a more scientific method of voting
than the barbaric devices used for
eecting representatives to Congress
or the British Parliament"
"a more scientific method of vot-
ing" Mr.. Wells is thinking Of pro-
4ortional representation, proba Y
or some other one of the many
schemes designed to make demo-
cratic intelligence rise above its own
level in its representatives. Any
practical worker in politics will sigh
with despair at such innocence. Yet
Mr.. Wells drops the idea as naIvely
as hen laying an egg and hurries
on to other matters. That is settled
Is not this clew to the source Of
Mr.. Wells's catastrophe? He is SO
much part Of this age of science
and science has been so enormously
successful in handling material
things that he cannot see why sci
ence should not equally handle spirit
ual things. Invent enough new po-
litical machines, teach enough chill
dren out of the right history books
as part of a noble and scientifically |
planned propaganda, and the king
dom of heaven is at hand. Clearly, /
we submit, the pathos of Mr.. Wells
far surpasses his impudence.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
Submarine Weakness

1t has been shown that our navy
has no submarines that can accom-
pany the feet in tactical operations or
in battle at sea; that we have no
long-range cruising submarines that
can operate agrinst an enemys coast
or commerce overseas or obtain infor-
nation and report upon the enemy's
movements; that we have no mine-lay-
ing submarines for important offensive
uses against an enemy feet or coast.
In short, our submarine force, as it
exists today, is suitable only for the
local defense of our country and its
foreign possessions.
Humiliating as it is, we are forced
to admit that our submarine feet, in
material and in the types of boats
available for modern war. is greatly
inferior in the year 1921 to the Ger
man forces that operated with such
deadly effect against the combined sur
face navies of the world between 1914
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
A Vanished Hope
From The Ch;cnoo Dahl, Mem

FFfoN The Chlcdoo DaIy Nelcs)
Having watched thr adventure OF
Carl Hapsburg over his shorlder and
seen 1T come to an inglorious end, Will
helm Hohenzollern oils his trusty saw
blade and resumes bis exercise at the
woodpile.
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
The Tribune's Growth

The following table gives the gains
and losses in circulation Of the five
seven-day morning newspapers Of
New York as shown by the official
statements of April /, 1920, and of
the same da.c in 1921:
New-York tribune., 1921-04-08
POLLYANNA IN EXCELsIs

This lava stuff that squirts from
red hot craters
May quit its job and turn to cold
ish stone,
And Wisdom line his hat with solid
bone,
And foreign princes turn out only
walters.
And filet mignon may prove hash
and 'taters
And you may lose what some guy
dubbed a loan,
Sure, times can change, even the
telephone
Iou may find life as hard as nutmeg
graters.
But listen, kid, although this world
seems fiat,
Although there's pebbles in your
Sunday shoes,
Although you think you're nearly off
your bat,
And all your hopes are headed off
to lose,
Even if yours most truly seems to
shake you
Just grit your molars, kid, and
chirp, "You fake, youw