Sioux County pioneer. (Fort Yates, Sioux County, N.D.) 1914-1929, 1921-12-29
camoens, Garden in Macao.
prepared by the National Geographic So 4
ciety. WashinKton. d. Cl

Camoens' G;
prepared e. sy the Sns,sn,l So
Two hills stretching to the sea so
as to form charming bay, and be-
tween them an ancient, half-Spanish,
wholly southern city; it's roofs tufted
with verdure, rising one above anoth-
er on terraced slopes; its houses with
their once gay tints all faded, basking
In peaceful decrepitude in sunshine
like that of June; the town fast
asleep; the harbor sitting up; the
walls crumbling; the iron gratings
rusting; the pavements turning green;
the gables nodding like old gray heads,
tired of listening to the same old sto-
ries-such is Macao, the Far Eastern
outpost of the Portuguese traders of
the Sixteenth century, the Monte Car
10 Of the Orient, and one of Portugals
few remaining possessions in Pacific
waters. 4
Macao is situated on the west side
Of the Pearl river. Forty miles across
is Hongkong; lightweight miles to the
China government. Macao was found
ed in 1857. Prior to 1887 there ap.
pears to have been no documentary
evidence of formal cession of this
territory, the Portuguese claiming,
however, that they received 1t as
reward for destroying the horde of
MOngOlian pirates that harried the
southern coast Of China; and the re-
mains of the old barrier across the
narrow neck of land separating the
peninsular town from the rest Of the
Island of Heung Chan, and once guard
ed by Chinese soldiers, gave color to
the Portuguese claim. However, all
doubts were laid to rest in 1887 when
formal cession was made by China to
the Portuguese.
Maeao's Rise and Fall.
So marvellous was the growth and
prosperity of this Portuguese settle
ment in its youth that it excited the
envy of the early Dutch traders who
In. 1922 attempted its conquest. The
spot where the Dutch leader was
killed by 1 round shot from Monte
fort, which wrote fms to that at
tempt, is now marked by monument,
Macao continued to be Furnishing
mart up to 1841, the British East In.
dia company and the Dutch company
meanwhile obtaining foothold there.
The British free trade propaganda Of
the "FOrties" excited demand for a
free port at Macao, to which the Por-
tuguese demurred. Great Britain then
secured the Hongkong concession,
made that free port in 1876, and
the decline of Macao as an entrepot
dates from that year.
Not only is Macao the site of the
first European claim made on Chinese
soil. but it has cultural ties with Eu-
|. rope closer knit than the political re-
lationships of controverted areas to
the north. 1t contains the Oldest ruin
in China that is associated with Eu-
rope, and the tamarind and banyan
shade the gardens where the Por.
tuguese Chauser, Camoens, composed
half Of the Lusiads, celebrating the
discoveries of the Portuguese explor-
ers who opened up for the West the
secrets Of the East. 1t is one Of the
half-dozen of the worlds great epics.
camoens' Place Of Exile.
Luis de Camoens. the star Of LUST
tanian poetry, became enamored Of
Catharina d'Atayada, lady-in-honor to
Queen Catharina Of Portugal, which
so enraged the king that he banishel
the poet to Macao, about, 1867, where
he remained for five years as admin
istrator of the effects of deceased per-
sons-a melancholy Office for poet
and lover. Returning in 1872, his yes
sci was wrecked. his small savings
were lost, but the poem which has
been translated into every civilized
language was saved to an appreciative
posterity. A monument to Cqmoens
marks the spot in the grotto where he
composed his noble epic.
Macao has sno0zed peacefully away
on its island in late years while con-
troversies have ragged around the hand
full of other foreign holdings on the
Chinese coast. But recently the Rov-
eminent Of Southern China is reported
to have demanded that there be q
Cleanup in the city, procedure,
which If carried out would entail rec
ignition Of the Southern China govern-
ment as well as acceptance Of Its right
to rule in what has long been conaifl.
cred Portuguese territory. s. asF3
Once in Macao the traveller may re-
main to contemplate an out-of-the.
wy shrins Of European history. But