The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1921-09-30

Pezuela the last OF the ~ legally constituted vice
roys Of Peru. reported that the whole country was
ripe for rebellion. and that although he realized
the danger, he was unable to take effective precnu.
tlonnry means. since he could In no way fore.e"
from what direction the blow would come. Inc
royal troops at his disposal amounted to 1900 men
1918 In Lima and Callao; SASS quartered at Cuz-
co. Arequipa. and Nauxa 60o0 in upper Peru ana
700 at Pisco and Caneta ON the coast
So Ii was that preparations to free Peru from
Spain were largely made In distant Buenos Aires.
IL 1914 General de San Martin began the task OF
creating the Andes Army" his plan OF campaign
being to march across the Andes to Chile. jan
uary II, 1877 he began his march. with 2eO reg-
mental officers and $500 foot soldiers. There were
three divisions under Generals Las Heras. Al
varado and Condo. There were 1000 horses ana
0.2S1 mules with supplies and equipment
The army. crossing through Uspallata pass az
6OO feet) entered Santiago In February. The bat
tie Of Mapu. April g. ended Spanish power IN
Chile. Then San Martin induced the Chieans to
guther fleet, without which successful INVASION
of Peru could not be made.
Lord Cochrane, a British nobleman with a dis
tinguished naval record accepted command OF the
feet and hoised his flag on the Ofiiggins Deceni-
Der %, 1918. All the ships were commanded by
British officers the exception was Captain
Worster, nm American After several cruises and
some minor fighting the fleet returned to Vat
paraiso in December. 1870 BY this time General
de San Martin was nearly ready to embark having
obtained aid from the foreign merchants of Buenos
Aires In August of 1920 he had mt Valparaiso
force of 4.500-fve infantry battalions and two
regiments of cavalry.
August 81 General de San Martins expedition
sailed from Valparaiso. Lord Cochrane In command
of the feet. September the troops landed In Par
accas bay. After successful expedition to the
interior San Martin re-embarked and established
headquarters to the north OF Lima
San Martin had wisely chosen his headquarters
as near the capital possible. On December 8.
1920 an entire Spanish battalion $50 strong. con-
sisting chiefly of Coombans went to the pa
triots and shortly afterwards. rs Peruvian officers
and a number OF cadets arrived from Lima. San
Martins line now extended from the to Say
an distance of about 20 miles; the Spanish army,
under Pezuela, occupying position about O mbles
north of Lima Early In 1921 discomfort arose
among the officers In the Spanish army. and on
the Goth of January an insubordlnae letter signed
by all Of the generals was addressed to the vice
row calling upon him to resign and to deliver his
command to Gen. Jose de la Serna. Pezueia had
no alternative but to obey, says the Bulletin OF the
Pan-American Union.
immediately after the deposition OF the viceroy
Sal, Martin raised the first battalion of reruvans
Regardless of the irregularity, de In Serna was de-
Glazed vceroy. being eventually recognized by the
Spanish government. and an emissary arrived
from Spain TO ascertain the demands Of the patri
oils and arrange n compromise. San Martin de
clarinC an armstice of 20 days proposed as
basis OF peace recognition Of the independence %
the country the establishment of provisional con
s,itution until the election of n congress and tn
ascension of a Bourbon prince to the throne o
Peru. The new viceroy assented. but his general
insisted upon the rejection OF these proposals. Tn
negotiations were discontinued in May.
Soon after this the royallsts found II necesssar
to eyacuate the coast. being without ships an
cut of from all means OF communication. Tn
royaiist general Canterac marched into the In
terror In June while the viceroy. having garrisone
and provisioned Callao castle (which In Septembe
surrendered to the Protector) left Lima. July
on the night of July q. Gen. San Martin entere
the capital of Peru. and on July -, lsai the II
dependence OF Peru proclaimed. San Marti
being unanimously acclaimed Protector. This o
tee he held until the establishment Of the Peruv