davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Secretary Hughes.

: President-elect Harding formally an
nounces his selection of Charles Evans
Hughes of New York to be Secretary
of State for his cabinet This is the
first positive statement as to the per
sonnel of the official family after
March 4. 1t is in accordance with the
general expectation and it is highly
gratifying to those who hope for a
strong, sound, capable administration.
Mr.. Hughes has not been particular
ly identified with foreign questions.
But he is man of broad vision, of
deep understanding and of capacity foc
getting at the heart of any situation
or question. He is conservative in
judgment. His judicial experience
qualities him for the handling of our
international relations Whether he
has particular program for appli-
cation to the present troubled condi-
tions is not known. But there is every
evidence that he and the President
elect are in accord in their hope to
advance the cause of peace and to
restore the United States to the basis
of harmonious relationship with all
the powers
In his selection of Mr.. Hughes as
Secretary of State Mr.. Harding has
followed no particular line of political
policy. The former Governor of New
York and the former justice and for
mer presidential candidate was not a
factor at the Chicago convention last
June. He had withdrawn from politics
and was devoting himself to the prac-
tice of law. There was no particular
faction to please in his selection He
was chosen obviously because of his
merits and the ability that he has
shown in all his previous undertak-
ings.
The announcement of this selection
at this time is well advised. SO much
gossip has played about the cabinet
making that it is reassuring to know
that at least one of the ten places
is definitely settled upon, and it is to
be hoped that other names will be an
nounced as speedily as possible, which
probably means as quickly as those
whom the President-elect chooses and
assigns to particular offices Indicate
their willingness to serve.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Mr.. Bryan as Democrat.

There are democrats who resent Mr..
Bryan's latest deliverance. They do
not concern themselves with it's terms,
but with the fact that he should still
consider himself free to advise as to
democratic policies.
What right has he to do so? The
weight Of his name and counsel were
thrown against the party's ticket last
year. He held aloof from the cam.
paign. He made no speeches. His
prediction that If the party made its
appeal on the peace treaty it would be
defeated was quoted by the opposition,
and frequently after Gov. Cox's call
at the White House.
Granted, all Of it. And yet Mr..
Bryan as a party man was within his
rights all along. Feeling as he did
about the peace treaty and Gov. Cox S
record as a wet, he owed it to the
party to- express himself frankly be-
fore party action was taken.
When the party acted in defiance of
his advice, there was nothing for Mr..
Bryan to do but keep silent. He could
not stultify himself. He could not
ask for the election Of the man he
had pronounced unworthy of the pres.
idency, nor indorse an appeal to the
people Of the futility OF which he had
no doubt.
Mr.. Bryan is still a democrat all
right. Moreover, he has shown him
self possessed Of prophecy. He called
the turn on both the nominee and the
platform. The country rejected both
by such a vote as was never before
known.
Should Mr.. Bryan be punished for
playing the prophet? Does the de-
mocracy want to confess that a
prophet is not without honor save in
his own party? Has it at this time
votes and prophets enough to throw at
the birds? On the contrary, does 1t
not stand in need Of all the assistance
it can command?
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The Star, but for federal coop
GRAFTON. There will be no inter-
ference with the Catholic or paro
chial schools if the bill is enacted
into law
The paganda against the
bill" he said, "misrepresents it.
The bill is the work of many
earnest friends of public educa-
ton. No one who understood it
would oppose it unless he opposes
education. The object of the bill
is to give through the proposed
department of education a dis
semnation of knowledge to all
states 10 aid in their performance
of their duty and their constitu-
tional authority over children"
Discussing the various phases
of the bill. Senator Smith referred
to the provision for the removal
of illiteracy THE extent of il
literacy in the United States he
said, ''is so great as to amount
not only to a national disgrace,
but national menace as well.
According to the census of 1910,
there We're in this country s.
100000 persons ten years of age
and over who could not read or
write any language. In addition,
there We're 100000 who could
not speak. read or write English.
These statistics put US in ninth
place among the nations. with
most of the civilized world ahead
of us. The disclosures of the last
census as to illiteracy are not
vet available. but it is believed
that the percentage of illiteracy
has not been substantially reduced
since 1910"
Touching upon the AmericaniZa-
tion feature of the measure, Sem
ator Smith declared that the
Americanization of the foreign
born immigrant is a matter of
great Importance to the country.
The bill, according to his inter-
probation, seeks to stimulate the
states to undertake this work.
Congress, he said. has no power
to force the states to undertake
it. and. even if it did have the
power. it would still remain true
that voluntary cooperation is al
ways better than coercion.
Senator Smith stated that there
are now more than 100000 for
eign-born in the United States,
more than 100000 of whom can
not read or write any language.
"This mass of ignorance is not
merely a negative evil,'' he said:
it has become and is now an
active source of danger to the
republic"
Funds necessary to carry on
the work outlined in the bill are
authorized from the federal
Treasury. These authorizations
for appropriations are made con-
tingent upon the states appro-
priating an amount at least equal
ly as large for the same purpose.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Is Italy Pro-German?

The French press, even the official
ly inspired Temps. has been suggest
ing that Italy was again showing a
preference for her first love Of the
old triple aaliance. Germany. Having
got the troublesome Austro- Hun
garian empire out of the way and
had the lost provinces restored. italy
did not seem sufficiently interested in
securing German indemnities for France.
The Tempo of'Rome replies to this talk,
as follows:
"The Temps has attacked us un-
Justly. but we like to return good
for evil. We answer the Temps,
which speaks of subterranean anti
French campaign. and calls us Ger
man propagandiSts,' with a tranquil
lity almost amounting to melancholy,
that it is making a mistake, a double
mistake-psychologically and politi-
cally.
one. In the whole of Italy those,
great and small. who have said some
bitter truths about France. have been
touched by it. Those who have suf-
fered most are those who love their
sister nation most, who have learned
from her culture. followed her mind
them, her splendid bursts of passion.
Even when we comment on and re-
nulse a mistake, we are never SO
blind as not to see the deep causes.
often full of nobility, and We feel
a sort of sacred fire for the race and
the nation which fills US with stupor
and admiration.
''There are wonderful virtues in the
French people, quality of passion
and an ardor for sacrifice which are
admirable. and which we should like
to see transfused into the blood OF
the Italian people. If France were to
remain hypnotized by the German
problem, she would be led. if she con-
tjnued, to ruin, by neglectlng all
other questions of foreign policy, and
only melting in the end the rival.
who feels fiattered at being consider
ed as "a corpse that still frightens
and whose bellicose spirit is Tanned
by an endless worrying of the ad-
versary.
.aThe political error consists in not
understanding exactly the tone OF
our writings In many of the at
tempts which the Temps calls SUD.
terranean anti-French campaigns
there exists really only the hope OF
putting our ex-allies on their guard
against illusions and dangers when
threaten them. We do not WISH 10
preach nor give advice. put we oo
think. without presumption. that II
thav were to read our articles more
attentively. instead of finding in them
a stupid and deliberate intention OF
iniuring France. they would discover
an honest effort to reconcile the moo
crate policy of Italy with the I'm
pulsive and violent policy OF france
and to find points OF contact anu
harmony
Evening star., 1921-02-20
A Catechism of the Constitution
BY HENRY LTrCHFIELD WEST.
Issued by the National Security Learue
Copyright. 1912
In Twelve Lessons-No. =.

Q. What are the prohibitions of
the Constitution in regard to powers
which may be exercised by the
states?
A. There are three paragraphs in
the Constitution relating to this sub
ject.
First, no state shall enter into any
treaty, alliance or confederation,
grant letters of marque and reprisal,
coin money. emit bills of credit, make
ANYTHING but gold and silver coin
tender in payment of debts. pass any
bill Of attainder, ex post facto law.
or law impairing the obligation of
contracts. or grant any title of no.
bility.
Second. no state shall; without the
cccsnnt of the Co gross. ia; Al.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

field will be fruitful one. Now that
the women have the vote they can
work directly to remedy the ills from
which they suffer. They are in a posi-
tion now to become themselves the
lawmakers and the lawgivers. The
hope is that they will be guided in
their political activity to the end of
complete emancipation by a spirit Of
conservative consideration for the gen
eral welfare and not by a disposition
to precipitate a sex issue in our
politics.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

imposts or duties on imports or ex-
ports, except what may be absolutely
ton laws; and the net produce Of
an duties and imposts, laid by any
state on imports or exports, shall be
for the use of the Treasury of the
United States; and all such laws
snail be subject to the revision and
control of the Congress.
Third, no state shall, without the
consent of the Congress, lay any
duty of tonnage, keep troops or ships
of war in time of peace, enter into
any agreement or compact with an
other state, or with a foreign power,
or engage in war, unless actually
invaded. or in such imminent danger
as xiii not ndn'it OF delay.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The opinion Of John Hays Hammond
that Russia will become a constitu-
tional monarchy and later democracy
will not appeal strongly to bolshevists
who regard liberty as the absence Of
any kind of government-in defiance
Of the scientific axiom that nature alb
hors a vacuum.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
SHOOTING STARS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON
OrnitllOlOgy,

UFHItHOIORy.
The dove OF peace sat on a limb,
In serious perturbation.
He played the part required of him
In general converse ton.
He sighed. II am so. busy now,
AS controversies flourish,
I am in doubt as to just how
My family shall nourish.
Il speak when I would rather clutch
A turnip or a carrot.
Sometimes I have to talk so much
1 wish 1 were a parrot"
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The fact that nothing happened to
Trotsky when he was sent to the firing
line may compel Lenin to sA..fy
formally for dissolution Of partner
ship.
Evening star., 1921-02-20


tartan work. but will render a patri-
otic service to the United States
X x
The government of the United States
at present imposes no restriction on
trade and COM
Few Restrictions munication with
Russia, except in
export to Russia of materials suscep-
tible of immediate use for war pur-
poses, including locomotives, railway
material, rolling stock. motor cars
and their component parts. When the
expectation to Russia of such re-
stricted commodities is intended, it is
necessary to obtain special export
licenses from the War Trade Board
section of the State Department. and
each application for a special permit
will be considered on its own merits
There are no legal restrictions on the
physical importation of gold into the
United States, although no assurances
can be given that Russian gold, and
in particular bolshevist gold, could be
disposed of in the United States, if i'm
ported, to the federal reserve banks.
the mint or otherwise, Mr.. Kliefoth
advised. There are no restrictions on
imports from Russia.
By the soviet decree of March 20.
1919, the Consumers Cooperative
Society and their unions, including
the AllRussian Central Union of
Consumers Societies. were converted
from free, independent, co-opera-
tive organization with private
judicial status into compulsory
state institution and forming a part
of the machinery of the soviet au-
thority in Russia. All foreign trade
in Russia is an absolute monopoly of
the soviet authorities
"It can be stated categorically."
says Mr.. Kliefoth, that inasmuch as
individual trading is considered crimi-
nal, all private individuals caught trad
ing are brought before the extraordinary
commission and are liable to execu-
ton; that all private goods are con-
sidered contraband, and that all in
dustries have been nationalized and
largely ruined; there is at present
no positive business in Russia"
With reference to the amount Of
commodities now on hand and being
produced in Russia it is evident that
after six years of war. during which
normal industry ceased and all ac-
cumulated stocks were consumed
followed by three years of total col
lapse of industry under the present
authorities of Russia, there are now
no commodities on hand for EXPORT
whlch Russia could economically
spare or which are sufficient in
amount to affect any trade condition
between the United States and Rus
sla. WILL p KENNEDY.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Valued Immunity.

why are you so fond of the films?''
Because" replied Miss Cayenne.
Il know there isn't chance that the
author or the star will come before
the curtain and try to make a speech."
Evening star., 1921-02-20

One OF the objections to impeach.
ment Of Judge Lands which NAV arise
in the mind Of Representative Welty
is the apparent fact that the Judge
would thoroughly enjoy it.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

Statistics have not yet disclosed the
amount OF money that has had to be
supplied from one source or another
for the payment Of the Hohenzollern
board bill.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Finance.

Rafferty," said Mr.. Dolan, what's
your opinion of foreign foans?"
They're strictly all right--from the
standpoint Of the people that are do
ing the borrowing"
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The inaugural ceremonies will at
some juncture afford Mr.. Wilson the
opportunity to express personally his
congratulations to Mr.. Harding.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
New Pages.

On January 1st we turned
A new leaf, as in years of wore.
On March the 4th the lessons learned
They say will make us turn some
more.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

me bill to create a territorial form
of government for the District pass
ed both houses Of
PASSAGE of the Congress by adop-
Territory Bill. t.0n rsrsnos Si rsnor 'pS com nn
the 18th of February. 1871. With
reference to the conference agree
ment which settled differences be-
tween the two houses. The Star in lis
issue of February IS said:
"A number of important amend
ments have been made to the bill.
Among these is one empowering the
new government 10 sue and be sued;
one providing for minority represen-
tation, and for board of health
with power To abate nuisanceS ana
prevent animals from running at
large. The provision is stricken ont
giving the Legislature jurisdiction
over the Police Court. The DIstrict
delegate to the House of Represen-
tatiyeS must have the qualifications
of a voter and is to be a member OF
the House District committee. The
valuation of government property is
to be made upon real estate except
public buildings and public grounds,
which have been dedicated TO the
public use, as Jackson Square. The
powers of the board OF public works
are considerably restricted and four
members instead of two are TO be
appointed by the President. Three
townships are to be created in the
county outside the limits OF the
cities. and in repeating the charters
of the several corporations. June l.
1871. their powers are continued Tor
certain purposes named"
Evening star., 1921-02-20
American-Russiau Policy.

Commenting on the American gov
ernment's decision not to join in
recognizing Lettonia and Esthonia.
the Paris Journal de Debats says:
"I: "cI;S be G :::steke To 900 ii"
Evening star., 1921-02-20

Russia is famous for its natural re-
sources which are prevented from
functioning because of abnormal pol
itics.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

Jud Tunkins says a man who
brags about leaving Office poorer than
when he entered it merely irritates
the bill collectors.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The Afro-American liking for big
words has been illustrated often, yet
not too often for another one.
Perhaps you remember Dinah. the
colored maid of Capt. jerks. as the
Army officer was called for the con-
venience of this column.
Dinah likes those big words, speci-
mems that roll off the tongue and
sound good, whether used correctly
or not. Many persons of large edu-
cation do the same sort of thing
sometimes. but manage to "get away
with it,"
Dinah was telling how the captain
managed to secure her as the maid
for the jerks household. She said:
"1f you don't come to our house,
I'll have to catnip you he said
CHARLES Z. TRACEWEIL
Evening star., 1921-02-20

There are congressman who venture
to imply that the expense accounts
functioned more actively than the
treaty.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

It is safe to assume that neither
Great Britain nor any other European
country wants war with the United
States. They have an entirely differ
ent idea about what they want ont
of us.--Memphis News Scimitar.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

A harbinger of spring that must not
be overlooked is the exodus of the
community Christmas tree from the
courthouse yard.-kirksville (Mo)
Express.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

1t is too bad that no woman, wish
ing to brag on her husband before
company, has ever learned to do IT
without making him feel like a boob
Kansas City Star.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
Safety First i'm Russian Trade

To the old "Stop-Look Listen sign
has been added Think by those who
have been studying the
Time Is Not Russian situation and
", the possibilities and out
~SAPS' look for American trade.
John Hays Hammond, eminent mining
engineer, prominently mentioned for
Secretary offs the Interior in President
Harding's cabinet, has been the latest
authority testifying before the House
foreign affairs committee on the resolu-
tion of Representative Dallinger of
Massa achusetts, calling upon the State
Department for authoritative informa-
ton in regard to. the facts regarding
trade between the United States and
Russia.
Out of these hearings has come a
conviction on the part of the COM
mittee that the business interests
Of the United States should be eau
TONED that. while Russia is great
reservoir of raw materials, which
can be used to very great advantage
is trade pioneering and development
work in Russia that can we'll engage
the best talent and energy and cap
ital in this country. the time is not
ripe.
Representative Ernest r. Acker-
foreign affairs COM
Canton Is mittee, himself a big
n...,,, business man. with
NecesSafy' extensive and intimate
personal acquaintance with Russia,
expresses the consensus of opinion
says: "American business must move
very cautiously with regard to Rus
sian trade. American business must
study the Russian situation and be
ready to go into that country and
develop trade at the right time. But
now is the worst time in all the his
tory of the world to engage in trade
with Russia"
The real boiled-down situation. as
presented by the State Department
officials. as viewed by the members
of Congress and urged for the care
full consideration of the business men
of the United States, is just this:
The devastation of industry in Rus
erty of the country is so complete,
the people are 50 hungry and the
demand for commodities so great
that at present Russia presents gil
gantic economic vacuum, with no
prospect of alleviation under the
present political and economic con-
ditionS.
The greatness Of the future Rus
sian trade is undisputed, and the
share obtainabe by the United States,
from a selfish commercial point of view.
depends much upon our future relations
with the future Russian government
Our potentiaIly favorable position can be
impaired by an unwise relation with
the present authorities. In gratitude
Evening star., 1921-02-20

And now something about hogs
but pshaw. let's be merciful The
coal mine operators are going
through the agony of making out
their income tax returns.-Springfiel
SMass.l Union.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

for Americas friendly attitude to-
ward a future national government,
it is confidently expected that our op-
portunities will be unparalleled. The
upbuilding of the industries of Rus
sia will not only be great humani-
tartan work. but will render patri-
otic service to the United States.
Evening star., 1921-02-20
The Avenue
Carnival.

Oh lndl tOHS
reclamation from the mud that had for
years choked the capitals main street.
Preparations for this affair were in
progress for weeks. 1t was scheduled
for the first three days of the week.
beginning February 90, 1871. On Fri
day. February IL, The Star urged the
people of Washington to enter into
the spirit of the carnival by adopting
in some degree the European style of
merrymaking, and. while appreciating
that some of the modes of European
carnivals could not readily be adopt
ed. it advocated at least the decora
ton of Pennsylvania avenue from
end to end with brilliant colors. 1t
added, after noting the appearance of
Corso at Rome at carnival times:
"Of course, our wide Avenue, more
than four times the width Of the
Corso, would need an immense amount
of Variegated color to give it anything
like the brilliancy of the Roman street
in carnival time, but a good deal can
be done in that direction by little
well directed effort. Another feature
of the Roman carnival is worthy of
our imitation, and that is the unde-
waiting good temper maintained by
the immense crowds in all the wild
sports and conflicts of the occasion.
Rows or 'scrimmages' seem to be un-
known at the Roman carnival, despite
the apparent provocations. Perhaps
our fiery American whisky has some
thing to do with our more quarrel
some disposition on festive occasions.
and it will be good thing if the use
of strong liquors at our carnival time
was discouraged as much as possible
Evening star., 1921-02-20
The District and
the Governorship.

said: "The conditions which surround
an ordinary territorial organization
do not exist here. We have none OF
the turbulent and unsettled elements
which constitute the primary oc-
cupants of frontier sections. This
is neither a city or refuge for escaped
criminals. an experimental field for
soldiers of fortune, nor yet adapted
as a hospital for decayed and dis
carded politicians. The citizenship OF
the District is composed mainly OF
persons firmly settled in life and
strongly attached to their homes
Property and life are as secure. the
grade of intelligence is as high and
the standard of morals as sure here
as anywhere in the United States, and
this community is in every sense as
competent to furnish proper govern
ors for the several states and terri
tories as they are to furnish one for
it, We ask, therefore. that our new
ruler, whether he is to be King Log
or King Stork, shall be chosen from
our own midst.
Evening star., 1921-02-20

In discussing the subject OF the
governorship of the District under
Evening star., 1921-02-20

When the new wooden pavement was
laid on Pennsylvania avenue the rejoic-
Evening star., 1921-02-20
FIFTY YEARS AGO IN
THE STAR.

The bill to create a territorial form
OF government for the District pass
Evening star., 1921-02-20

The government of the United States
at present imposes no restriction on