Twin city review. [volume] (Champaign, Ill.) 19??-1929, 1921-05-13


pendent on other peoples honesty and
skin even for the security OF MS ewn
savings.
Observing these new conditions. the
working man who reads and thinks
comes 20 the conclusion thai palft4eal
freedom IS not the only kind O. free
dom he wants. He wants also genuine
Industrial freedom. and knows thar he
Is not enjoying II. Hence. dIsSatisfae.
ton or discomfort. and blind strugcle
for better conditions Hence. the exist
ing warfare, open or veiIed. between
employer and employed. between the
managers of successful industries and
owners o. water powers, eaal deposits.
their wage earners. between the few
buildings aud machinery and the many
people who feed and tend the ma.
chimes.
wherever the factory system prevails
and the eontributory means of trans.
portation and communication have
been created. this conflict is going on
and Is threatening 10 reduce efficiency.
increase waste and dry up the springs
Of contentment and happiness kor the
working multitude The workmen be.
lieye. or seem to believe. that higher
wages. or more pay for less service.
will bring them the liberty and happi.
ness they long for
They aim at getting larger share
of the values which capital and lab.
or combine. and must always com.
bine. TO produce; but the plain fact
is that larger earnings will not nee
essarily make them either freezer or
happier: for the sources of public and
private well-being do not lie in the a.
mount of the average earnings. but
in the relation of earnings TO the
cost of satisfying wholesome desires
and in the moral as we'll as physical
conditions under which the labors of
the community are performed. and
family life is carried ON.
The winning of satisfaction and con
tent in daily work should be the most
fundamental of all objects in an in.
dustrial democracy; for unless this
satisfaction and content can be habit.
ually won on an immense scale In the
national industries. the hopes of de
mocracy cannot be realized. There
can be little public happiness unless
the daily work of the masses can be
puTSucu ny Ntit-uispOStu ptoftt Win
satisfaction and interest apart from
the amount of daily pay received
That is already true os all higher EN-
pigments. Can II be made true of
the lower? | now proceed TO consid
er the sources OF satisfaction in labor
In any industry, large or small, the
first need of an intelligent laborer~
no matter what his works to feel
that he has been. and is. in some good
measure free man. He needs to re-
member that he was free to choose
his employment. He wishes to feel
free to change his employment, or his
employer, if4he can change TO his ad-
vantage. He likes to be free TO
change the tools or machines with
which he works II better are invented
AS young man he wishes to be free
to set up early. and maintain comfort
ably, family life, and lastly he would
prefer to see open before him fair
prospect of Improvement as regards
earnings and responsibility as life
goes on. These are the elements OF
just industrial liberty.
The next source Of satisfaction In
work is the pleasure which the nat
ural, healthy man takes In using his
bodily and mental powers. There
ought always to be pleasure in the
use or exercise of ones powers. All
the athletic sports illustrate this prin
ciple, even though they call for sew
ere and prolonged exertion. This
pleasure, however, Is hardly to be
secured II his occupation compel the
worker to make ->monotonous exer-
tions. often repeated, and easily be
coming automatic.
Hence. the intelligent labor wants
variety in his work. Fortunately.
many very useful-indeed, indispens-
able--occupations afford such variety
as. for instance, the occupation OF
motorman, carpenter, mason, black
smith, wheelwright, compositor, farm
hand, minor, fisherman. cook, tailor