Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1921-01-05
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The World war was formally ended
January 10 when Germany and four
teen of the powers allied against her
in the war exchanged notifications of
the Treaty of Versailles at Paris. The
United States, however was not
among the nations participating in this
ceremony, as the treaty had not been
ratified by the senate.
The League Of Nations came into
actual being at Paris January 16 when
the executive council held its first
meeting with representatives from Bel
GUM, Brazil, England. Italy, France,
Japan Greece and Spain participat-
ing.
The Russian government made a
step toward securing peace with it's
warning neighborS by concluding
treaties with Ukraine and Esthonia
The Turkish peace terms were com
pleted on March 3. and week later
the Allies decided TO use force to inn
pose the terms upon Turkey, sending
troops to occupy Constantinople. The
allied forces occupied the Turkish
capital WtIuOUt OppOSlilOH
Polish troops began spring offen-
sive against the Russian BOlshevilIi in
the Baltic region on March %. Warsaw
reported heavy fighting at many points
on the 400-mile front. Three days lat
err Poland offered peace terms to Rus
STA, providing for restoration of the
kingdom of 1772, return of art and
other treasures, and an indemnity for
invaslonS since 1914 Polish troops adj
Ininistered severe defeat TO the Boil
sheviki al PodOlia April 13.
The Poles and Ukrainians negotiat-
ed treaty on April 27, recognizing
Ukranian independence from Russia.
A combined army of Poles and Ukra:n-
lanS then launched an offensive against
the Russian RED forces capturing
Kiev on May and the great port of
Odessa on May H.
BolsheVik troops invaded Persia at
Astara May is. forcing the withdrawal
Of British troops. Bolshevik troops
on the Polish front were REINFORCED
and launched an attack on ninety
mile front, seeking TO open communi-
cation with East Prussia. On June 8
they succeeded in f1anking and driving
back General PilSudski's Polish troops.
The supreme council continued its
efforts to complete the peace settle.
ments. The treaty with Hungary was
signed June at Versailles, Ambassa-
dor Wallace signing for the United
States Turkey was granted fifteen
days additional time to present It's
views regarding the treaty with that
country
While these peace negotiations were
In progress, fighting continued at man,
points Over 300 Italian prisoners were
killed by Alhanians at Tirana on June
1S in retaliation for the assassination
0f Essad Pasha in Paris on June 13.
Supported by British troops and bat
tleships at Malta aud COnStantinople
the Greeks began campaign to GUS
the Turkish Nationalist from parts O
Asia Minor.
On July z the Bolshevik troops cap
tured Rovono, throwing the Poles int,
retreat on the entire front. Polan,
opened negotiations for an armistic
and these continued for week whel
IT was reported that Russia had OF
iered the postponement of the nego
tiations and the capture of Warsaw
Bolshevist troops captured Lomza an
Brest-Litovsk. and began drive o
Lemberg August l. During the mex
two weeks they continued to advanc
and on August IL We're within lively
miles of Warsaw. The Polish capits
seemed doomed, but on the 18th tn
Poles launched a great counter-oi
fensive and drove the Bolsheviki bac
in disorder Reartened by the crusl
ing blow given the Russian force
the Poles rejected the Bolshevik peaS
terms.
In the meaniil, - .Nn~uSt II II