davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Training Merchants in Old New York
First Hand Memories of Business in Another Age and
the Schooling Which Made Successful Men.

In winter boy plodded through three OF
four months OF dirty snow.
In the afternoon there were bills o1
lading and other papers to get which
must 50 of In the evening mail. ! re-
member. In the last days of the old
clipper ships. hustling around Wall and
South streets for freight rates and get
ting bills Of lading signed Sometimes
the boy had to 90 on board ito see the
captain" which was not SO bad. as the
boy generally took q little Of the firms
time to look about the chip: but the
four months Of dirty snow!
It very often took all day standing
on . hne moving slowly toward the
clerks window. IF the boy left the line
for lunch he lost his place and had to
take tho end Of tho limo again when he
came back. 30 there was nothing else 10
do but stick. remember the old Ocean
Queen. ono Of tho last Of the old Forty
miners. There were the steamships Lee
and the Cleopatra Of the Savannah Line
and the steamships George Washington.
Roanoke and Wyanoke Of the Crom-
well Line. on West street. and the
Mobile Line. with an of1ice In the old
Kennedy House. at Broadway. These
places. all far apart. kept q boy busy In
the afternoon and It was not always
easy to get back to the ONCE in time
to 60 to tho bank. If the boy was late
some ono else had to 60. and this upset
the routine and the boy was called down
by the head bookkecper. who in the
boys opinion was the biggest kind Of an
old crank who never had to be in a
hurry and who showed no consideration
for the boy as to where he was held UP
and delayed.
In after years tho boys opinion
that It was largely due to this same
mans influence that he was pushed along
in five years to salary Of $25 a week.
In those days one never heard Of over
time, nor was the word efficiency" in
everybody's mouth. 1t was do what
you're told. get what you are sent after
and never forget anything" At any
rate. learned early never to come
back and say II forgot" I did It once.
a good. smart boy with fair pen
manship lasted about six months, when
he was promoted and got raise of
about 81. and he YES generally glad to
get different kin { work to do This
was not aiways cheerfuliy done by the
firm, not on recount Of the raise. but. as
! found ort afterward. It was not an
easy thing 10 break In a new boy. There
were no typewriters, but sheets some
thing like the carbon were sometimes
used on steel undersurface when more
than one copy was needed. We closed
on Saturdays in summer at o'clock
and 1t was a busy day to get away at
4 p. NJ, which we thought was fine.
And where now are the boys of 1870 !?
No doubt many are the New York me.-
chants of to-day. I know Of at least
three of them who are to-day at the
head Of the concerns and in the same
where fifty years ago they
officiated as the boy" and who formed
a part Of that yelling crowd watching
the doors open at A. M. In the post
cffice where the Middle Dutch Church
once stood at Liberty and Nassau streets.
J. GARDNER BLnr.
NEW YORK, July 80.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Booth a. Orestes.
Other English Actors Who Have
! Spoken Their Lines In French.

To THE New YORK HrRALD: Why
should 1t be considered improbable that
Junius Brutus Booth spoke the lines OF
Orsstes In French in a performance OF
Racine's "Andromaque" given by .
French company in New Orleans3
Several English actors. including
Charles Mathews. tho popular comedian
Of the sos and '70s. have used the
French language when appearing before
Partisan audiences. Miss Genevi4ve
Ward. the American actress. relates in
her memoirs that in May. 1880. at the
suggestion of the then Prince Of Wales.
afterward King Edward VII, a perform
ance Of Emile Augier's ''L'Aventuriere"
was given at the Prince o. Wales The
atre by French speaking actors OF tho
London stage. Miss Ward herself was
Clori.de. Two members of the cast
Mile Iebert, the cole, and M. Marius.
the Don Anmibal, were actors Of French
extraction long resident In England, the
latter, 1t was said. being naturaiized
citizen. Four others. Harry st. Maur,
who was frequently seen on the New
York stage during the sos; Horace WI
gan, Mr.. Power and Mr.. Beerbohm Tree.
the Sir Herbert Tree of later years.
were British.
Miss Genevieye Ward was undoubt-
edly the most versatile and accomplished
dramatic artist that this country has
produced. In private life she was the
Comtesse de Guerbel and was pupil Of
the famous Regnier of the Coincide
Francaise. She spoke French and Ital-
len fiuently and arrangements were at
one time under way to have her appear
with salvini, the Italian tragedian. On
the operatic stage she was known as
Nine. Guerrabella and sang the part OF
Donna Elvira in performance Of Mo-
zart's "Don Giovanni" with such su-
premely great artists as Grisi. Mario and
Lablache.
but she Is still living In London at the
advanced age Of 81. and occasionally
energies from her retirement to appear
in Shakespearcan performances. acting
such parts as Marodret Of Anjou In
Richard III" and Volummta in "Corio-
lanus."
Anglers play. referred to above. was
finely done at Palmer's (Wallack's) The
atre In October. 1888. by Constant Co
quelin and Jane Hading. How well /
remember attending one Of the perform
ances and seeing dear old John Gilbert,
OF the Wallack stock company, walk
down the left elsie to take his seat In q
private box. He appeared to be in
tensely interested. A. e. G.
NEW YORK, July 30.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

The "Reminiscences your correspondent
have been recalling of Crook & Dufr's
or as 1t was afterw1rd known. Nash &
Fullsrs. brought to my mind many In
cidents of my life as an Office boy ir
that neighborhood in 1870.
In those days Nash q Fuller's was toe
high priced for an ONCE boy earning
large salary but receiving only $b
week. 30 my young energies were re-
newed more 1t Gould's restaurant oppo'
site tho old post ONCE. then situated II
Nassau street. and at the many pi'
stands thereabouts. When dined a.
Nash q Ftiller's It was always at tn!
frm's expense when working at night
The oflice boy in 1870 was an institu'
ton. There were no A. D. 7. call boxes
nor did we have the telephone. and boy
had to make up for the lack Of conven'
fences as we'll as attend to considerable
Office work when he was insida-
His duties generally commenced al
tho post ONCE. and there with about two
hundred boys from all parts Of the lower
city wait for the doors to open. Ther-
were ok doors on Nassau street and
ave doors on Cedar street, and It was
guess as to which door or side would
open nrst- Then there was a rush IN
order to set as near first on the line
at the respective windows inside.
A favorite stand was the corner dag
onally across from Cedar and Nassau
streets. where one could keep an eye
on all the DOORS and when ono door
seemed to move II boy was good
sprinter he usually got there. some
times the man inside fooled the boys.
but not often. There were no lock
boxes. We all had cards or folders.
signed by the firms. which had to be
shown at the windows before the clerk
handed out the mail. II a boy was we'll
known to the clerk and not fresh" he
sometimes sang out his number and re-
ceived the mail without showing his
card. which was quite distinction.
He was supposed to be at his office
at A. M. and had to hustle. as no al
lowance seemed to be made as to dis
tance, or perhaps having to stand on
a long line made up Of boys who had
made a better guess on opening of the
post office doors. The mail was opened
and then the boys work really began.
Messages were sent out and answers
required. and it was north, south, east
and west from the Battery to about
Fourteenth street. and there was no
waiting for perhaps something else going
In tho same direction. 1t was get out
and hustle and 60 again X one had to.
A boy had to be light Of foot and have
a good pair of legs. Then the post
Office had to be attended to without fail
at 10, IL and o'clock.
At the noon hour Gould's restaurant
was filled to the doors. and there was a
pie counter across from the post Office as
we'll as many cellars In Cedar street
adjoining the post Office where pies. sand
wiches and coffee were sold. An old
woman at the North Dutch Church. at
william and Fulton streets. sold wafiies
hot of the iron. These places were well
patronized by the boys. as we had to eat
about three times day to keep going.
There was no street cleaning in those
days South and West streets always
had nice coating Of sticky mud. and
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Infant Life Is More Secure Here.

New Workers are entitled to feel
proud Of the declaration that infant
life is more secure in New York than
in any other great city in the world"
which heads the Rockefeller Foun-
dation's announcement of a report
on infant mortality prepared by DR..
ERNST G. MAYER and just published
by the Foundation.
The report says that from 1885 to
1919 the death rate among infants
under year in New York city went
down from 273.6 to S1.6 a thousand
births. This means that If the 151,.
371 infants under in the city in
1919 had been born here in 1885 there
would have been 41,415 deaths among
them. AS it was, there were in 1919
only 1858 deaths. This means a
saving of 30,776 infant lives.
Because this reduction in infant
mortality has been the result of hard,
intelligent work, all who have con-
tributed to 1t deserve congratulation.
Civilized men and women used the
instruments made available by scien-
tific research and saved the children.
The climate did not change. The
Gulf Stream is not to be thanked.
Sun spots had nothing to do with It.
Man used his head and his hands and
kept his babies alive.
Never was a better investment
made than that which brought about
this showing. The record is good
and it should stimulate all men and
women to insist that the work so
well begun shall be carried on un-
interruptedly.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
The signs.

When we go forth to motor through
The verdant countryside.
We see a row of oil pump signs
No matter where we ride.
And huge black letters tell US we
Can stop our tanks to- fll
with Dimodoi. Glindoi. vemdol--if
We've cash to pay the bill.
Since sirplanes scoot around the blue
p with frequency and ease.
On Venus. Mars. ct cetera,
The oil pump men will seize.
And glaring signs will shrek across
The stellar atmosphere:
Come get your Airdoi, Etherdol,
stardoi and siydoi here"
NINA IRvNc.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Surgeons Fees.

The trustees Of Johns Hopkins Hos.
pital, in Baltimore, Maryland, one of
the greatest institutions of its kind
not only in the United States but
in the world. have issued this dictum.
compliance with the terms of which
is obligatory on surgeons using the
hospitals facilities in their practice:
THE maximum fee that any sur
tion. no matter how wealthy the pa
tient may be. is $1,000.
THE maximum charge that any
physician ought to make for at
tending patients in hospital Is $s5
q week"
1t is said that this schedule Of
rates did not originate in the great
Maryland hospital but has been
adopted by many other American hos
pitals, among which is the Broad
Street establishment in this city. The
right of the trustees of an institu-
ton like Johns Hopkins to make and
enforce rules for its regulation and
the regulation Of the conduct Of per-
sons using it will not be questioned.
AS the hospital constitutes a notable
part OF Johns Hopkins University, the
necessity of management slightly diff
ferent from that of general hospitals
will be Immediately recognized. 1t
is, therefore, only when this dictum
is translated as an effort to check
"profteering surgeons" that it calls
for consideration except by those i'm
mediately interested in the Baltimore
institution.
Complaints against "prohteering
surgeons" are based on the fact that
sometimes doctors charge high fees
to those who can afford to pay them:
obviously 1t would not be profitable
for any professional man to try to
get high fees out Of persons who
could not pay them. Such fees are
talked about, as was the price
charged to Prince HENRY of Prussia
by an American dentist for work
done on his teeth in New York city.
But it is interesting TO observe that
the low fees charged and free work
done by surgeons are seldom put to
their credit when their high fees are
discussed.
1t will be said the system which
justifies a surgeon in charging A
$1,000 for an operation he performs
for nothing on B is economically un-
sound. II may be, but the relief OF
human suffering is not governed by
economic principles. When A pays
$4,000 he is paying for BIS operation.
for the skill and experience the sur
geon obtained from operating for
nothing on dozen Bs. He is con-
tributing to the common fund pro-
vided by all the patients who have
benefited from the professional ac-
complishments of the surgeon.
II should not be overlooked that the
system we are discussing enables
many surgeons to continue their
free work where, were the fees they
collect from rich men limited, they
might be obliged to abandon II. All
most inevitably the consequence of
fixing a maximum fee for an oper-
alton will be to make that sum the
minimum fec. The result Of this
may be to discourage many persons
from consulting surgeons. Men and
women now approach the most distin-
guished operators confident that they
viii be courteously dealt with accord
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Burbank Repeats . Marvel.

Indian corn, the potato and to-
bacco are gifts of the New World to
humanity. But these gifts, as we
are now beginning to understand.
are the results not of natures proc
esses alone but of long evolution
worked out by Indians through CEN
turies before COLUMBUS lifted the veil
of mystery from. this hemisphere.
Our debt to the Indians for the
gift of Indian corn has been shown
by LUTHER BURBANK, the plant wiz
ard, to be greater than people gen.
orally have supposed. Starting with
the theory of botanists that the wild
grass known as teosinte was the
parent of Indian corn. Mr.. BURBANK
began eighteen years ago the work
Of demonstrating the fact, and the
complete success Of his task has re-
suited in what in some respects Is
the greatest achievement of his life.
1t has taken BURBANK eighteen years
to prove the truth of the theory Of
the botanists, but It may easily have
taken the Indians with their crude
methods of cultivation and lack of
knowledge concerning plant evolu-
tion centuries to produce what we
call Indian corn, now one Of the
worlds most important cereals.
= I'd 70
have been the parent of Indian corn,
is grass which grows in Florida and
other tropical lands. 1t was from
some 10000 specimens Of this grass
grown on his California farm that
the patient plant wizard at last pro-
duced corn. While that demonstra-
tion, however interesting to botan-
lists and scientists, might be said to
have intrinsically but little value,
Mr.. BURBANK has made a real and
great addition to our food resources.
Teosinte originally grew only In a
warm climate; Mr.. BURBANK has
shown that it is capable Of being cul-
tivated as widely and extensively as
corn itself. He has also demon
strated that varieties of the plant
are capable Of yielding fifty times as
much fodder and fifty times as much
grain as the commonly cultivated
teosinte Of the South.
Further, Mr.. BuRBANK's experiment
has greatly widened the possibilities
Of plant research and adaptation.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
In Grandmother s Day.
Victorian Song Would Not Appeal to
the Belle Of To-day.
From the Louisville Hsrold.

From the LoytSOtNS deToto
In an earlier day. tho day Of ASK
Mamma" the day before there was no
other career for woman than tho home.
Thomas Haynes Bayly wrote a poem
that may be said to mark an epoch.
What a distance we have travelled since
then, and at what a disorganizing. des-
perate speed we have travelled It! Bayly
died when Victoria was quite a young
Queen and his fame rests on such old
time favorites--they enjoyed a most
amazing vogue--as ia Be q Butterfly
and "She Wore a Wreath Of Roses"
Gems they called them In that day
Of ringlets and downcast eyes. and they
retain a certain measure Of brilliance to
the present. But they belong with the
past a. drrevocably. a. deterninedly. as
the Books Of Beauty" the mock tourna-
ment Of Ashby-de-la-Zouche and the de-
lightful stories, satire and culture COM
bined of Thomas Love Peacock As cer-
tainly as Oscar Wilde ushered out the
v.ctorians, Bayly and the other ballad
lists ushered them In. And perhaps there
will be some to md It natural that an
be curtained with a enarl.
It Is probable that Dora Spenlow
strummed Bayly's ballad on that little
piano familiar to lovers Of Dickens.
How contomptible she must appear to
her modern sisters. how sinfully un-
conscious Of the whole duty Of woman
Imagine the unoorsstted. and all but
undrapsd. maiden Of to-day deplorins
after this fashion:
Why don't the men propose. mamma;
Why don't the men propose?
Each seems just coming to the point,
And then away he goesi
It is no fault OF yours. mamma.
That everybody knows;
You fete the finest men In town
Yet. oh. they don't propose!
I'm sure I've done my best. mamma.
To make q proper match:
For coronsts and eldest seas
I'm ever on the watch:
I've hopes when some distingu6 beau
A glance upon me throws:
But though he'll dance and smile and fiirt.
Aiasi hs won't propose.
I've tried 70 win by languishing
And dressing like . blue;
I've bought big books and talked Of them
AZ II ia read them through
With hair cropped like a man. I've felt
The heads OF all the beaux:
But spurzheim could not touch their hearts.
And. oh. they won't proposeI
threw aside the books and thought
That Ignorance was bliss;
felt convinced that men preferred
A simple sort Of miss;
And so I iisped out nausht teyond
Plain "yesses' or plain NOES
And wore a sweet. unmeaning smile:
Yet. oh. they won't propose
Last night at Lady RanhbIes rout
heard Sir Harry Gale
Exciaim Nov propose again -"
I started, turning pale.
really thought my time was come,
J blushsd like any rose
But. oh. I found twas only At
Eesrte he'd propose.
And what IL TO be done. mamma?
Oh, what is 10 be done7
really have no time 10 lose.
For am thirty-one.
Az balls, I am too often left
Where spinsters sit In rows:
why don't the me, propose. mamma?
Why don't the men proposs7
We make no apology for reviving
thoss lines. Apart from the feet that
thsy make good reading. they ere, We
submit . document in the case, that ID,
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

Bill, an alligator recently residing at
singac amusement park on the
Coney Island stretch of the Passaic
River took walk the other day and
then a swim. In length Bill is between
certified three feet and an asserted
thirteen feet, but hundreds Of bathers
who hastily gave Bill a monopoly Of all
the water there is in the Passaic agreed
with significant unanimity that he is
a hundred feet long. swims with an un-
dulating movement and has head the
size Of barrel. Again 1t is proved
what power Of suggestion there Is in
an Oft told tale--even summer resort
press agents tale.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

OF Diana. the huntress. and her quarry.
Man.
Woman was slave in those days, we
shall be told. slave and a toy. 1t may
even be so. But, of q truth. her servi-
tude does not seem to have been worn
with gesture of self-pity. There Is no
trace Of bitterness in those lines. moth
ing but good humor.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

Tho Associated Press is exclusively entitled
to the use for republication Of all news dss-
patches credited to u or not otherwise
An rishSs of rspubiicasion Of special dee.
patches nsrsin are also ressrvvd.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

Coney Island bathhouse keepers
point with pride to the fact that their
two dollar charge for dressing room
includes music Is not the music Of
tho oceans wavelets playing their i'm
mortal harmonies upon the beach
enough7
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

One hundred and one in the shade
on the boulevards Of Paris and no
brew of "le boc' to drink except
Frenchl The greater horrors Of after
war deprivation will never be told.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
A Shining Example.

Noah pointed with pride.
"As a Shipping Board certainly was .
success" ne boasted.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Dangerous Fsshlon.

pamociss sew the Suspended sword.
IT don't approve Of bobbing the hair.~
he announced.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31
Just New York.

SUNDAY. JULY 81. 1921.
The New York herald., 1921-07-31

out cotton. During the civil war he vac
In the Government service a. captain
or pilot on the Ohio, Cumberland, Ten-
nessee and Mississippi rivers transports
ing troops and supplies for the armies
Of Generals Grant and Sherman.
An interesting circumstance In Mr..
Anderson's family history u that hiS
father. Robert Anderson, was born near
Philadelphia in March. 1875, about four
months before the signing OF the peciar-
alton OF Independence. Thus one can
have G chat with a man whose father
was born before there was a United
States OF America. This same Robert
Anderson was Sheriff Of washington
county. Pennsylvania, in 1900, l2l years
ago. When word came to him during
the war of 1912 that Detroit was in
danger Of Britieh attack he raised q.
company Of 700 men In Washington and
Eurgettstown and started across coun.
try to the defence Of that city
On his mothers side Mr.. Anderson 80
q first cousin of the late William y.
Cody (Buffalo BilD and for many years
they so closely resembled each other
Mr.. Anderson still wears long flowing
silver locks--that he was often mis-.
taken for Cody.
Me-. Anderson has excellent health.
physically and mentally. ana has never
been sick abed In his life except for q
few weeks in 1915 and for short time
last year. He can be seen on the street
every day doing his own marketing and
visiting and joking with his friends and
neighbors. and he has the appearance
OF well preserved man Of seventy.
J. X. HALLocK.
sEwIcKLEr. Pa, July 80.
, 1921-07-16
REJO|CES OVER
GOOD
Los Angeles Woman Gains
Twenty-Three Pounds TAX
ing Tanlac and Health

81 had lost so much weight and be
come so weak I was unable to do a
particle of my homework, but Tanlac
has actually built me up % pounds
and I am just overjoyed at my re
covery." declared Mrs. w. L. Long
of Los Angeles. Cal. who resides at
the Poinsetta hotel.
While we were living at Colorado
Springs. Colo, W years ago I broke
down completely" she said. "I had
been in poor health a long time suffer
ing awfully from stomach trouble and
nervousness. My nerves just finally
collapsed, and / was restless day and
night and scarcely got n sleep at
all. My appetite was so poor I could
hardly sal enough to keep body and
soul together, and I had fallen off un-
til I only weighed 104 pounds. I was
almost afraid to eat for I suffered
so 1t was all I could do to bear it
But I am so glad I tried Tanlac.
1t restored my health completely and
built me UP so wonderfully that I felt
as we'll and strong as / ever did be-
fore. This was all two years ago and
ever since then I have enjoyed splen-
did health. I Just feel that I owe an
everlasting debt OF gratitude to Tan
lac . at certainly is a wonderful med
icine."
Tanlac is sold in Casper by Casper
Pharmacy--Adv.
, 1921-07-16
Q.-whai is meant by mArtnating
Salad?-L. NJ. A.

Salad?-L. NJ. A.
A.-This means the pouring OF a
dressing over a salad q half hour be
fore using. thus allowing h flavor
OF all ingredients to blend. A French
dressing-two parts oil. one vinegar.
OF lemon. salt and red peppers US
ually used for marinating. The salad
is drained at serving time and a may
~onnaise dressing added