davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

1921 amount to $1,000. .000.0 900 and that
they increase at the rate Of $500,000,-
900 a year until in 1925, when they reach
a volume of $4,000. 100000. and remain
at that volume indefinitely. 1T would
take full performance by Germany Tor
about fifty-four years to complete the
payment of the total reparation debt OF
S33, 900. 100000, while the bonds or Sc
ries A and B, aggregating Sl2.50o.oO0
900, would be paid in thirty-seven years.
Advantages of New Programme.
The new agreement presents certain
definite advantages. The annual pay
ments required OF Germany are not
so clearly beyond her possible capacity
to pay as to be fanciful. The Repara-
ton Commission has given such evil
dence of it's sense OF fairness and JUS
tice that the Germans may look for
ward to receiving fair treatment at its
hands so long as they give evidence
of a serious attempt to pay up TO the
full limit of their capacity.
The Germans apparently have
grounds for hoping that their Ruhr dis
trict will not be occupied by allied
troops, that tho Allies will give the
German Government a reasonably free
hand in working out it's own economic
salvation and that the German claims
respecting Upper Silesia will be Justly
dealt with. The fact that the conserva-
tive elements In France led by President
Millerand and Premier BRAND have had
their way is of inestimable Importance.
All of these are real advantages, bu.
the greatest advantage of all Is that
for the time being the reparation dis
cussion is ended and Germany has been
given a chance to get back to work and
demonstrate her capacity to pay.
On the other hand there are serious
disappointments in the new programme.
Those who believe that the Allies are
more likely to receive substantial pay
ment IL the reparation programme Is
kept within Gerrnany's clear capacity
to pay will be disappointed. The repa-
ration claim is still indeterminate in the
sense that for generation or more
Germany will be at the disadvantage
that the greater her success in paying.
the greater will be the payments re-
quired of her.
The task imposed upon the German
people Is not one that they can under
take with the certain feeling that II
they do their best they will reinstate
The New York herald., 1921-06-26
The Allied Ultimatum and the
New Agreement.


AS already pointed out. after the Rep
aration Commission had fixed the tota
amount of the reparation claim against
Germany 1t was required by the treaty
TO prescribe a programme for the pay
ment of the whole amount with interest
at per cent. within thirty years. That
would involve average annual payments
by Germany considerably in excess OF
81, 900. 900, 600 a programme far beyond
Germany's capacity to pay under any
conceivable conditions.
Recognizing this difficulty, the Allied
Supreme Council. In conference with the
Reparation Commission. proceeded tc
work out a programme of payments
which the allied governments would be
prepared to insist upon as being rea-
sonably within Germany's probable ca
pacity to pay. Their programme. en-
bodied in the protocol defining the So
called 'Allied Ultimatum." accepts as
the total of Germanys obligations under
articles 231-2SS of the treaty the sum
of 1872, 200, 600 900 gold marks (about S33,
00O, 900, ,00O as determined by the Repara-
ton Commission, and provides that
Germany shall pay toward the liquida-
ton of this amount annually after May
l of this year the fixed sum of 1000, 600,
600 gold marks (about 100000 600, plus
an amount equal to 26 per cent of Ger
many's exports This is the measure
and the sole measure, of the annual
payments which Germany is required tc
make under the new agreement.
The protocol then provides for the
delivery by the German Government
before November / of this year of S12,-
500, 100000 of per cent. bonds. OF
these bonds s3,000.0 100000 are series
A bonds, constituting a first charge
on designated German assets and rev.
enues, and $9,500,000.000 series b
bonds, constituting a second charge or
the same assets and revenues.
OF the annual reparation payments
above provided for (s500,000,000 plus
26 per cent of the German exports), ar
amount equal to 6 per cent. upon the
S12,500, 0O0,0 900 of bonds OF series A
and series B (including those retired
by the sinking fund.- is to be applied
to the payment of the interest and sink
ing fund instalments thereon. From thi:
per cent. payment interest is to bt
paid only upon the bonds actually out
standing and the remainder is to be
applied to the redemption of bonds al
par.
Therefore as the interest charges arr
reduced through the retirement of thu
bonds by the sinking fund the amour
available for the further retirement o
bonds through the sinking fund is pro
portionately increased. Any surplus o
the reparation payments remaining
after the payment of 6 per cent. upoi
the issued bends, together with al
! amount equal to 1 per cent. of tn
exports, is to be applied to the pay
ment of interest upon the portion o
the reparation debt represented by tn
non-interest bearing bonds mentionet
in the next paragraph.
| After the delivery of the s12,500, 900,
| 900 of bonds above mentioned S20,500,
! 100000 Of the total reparation deb
| will still remain. That is to be pro
vided for by the delivery to the Repa
ration Commission of an equal amour
of German bonds of series G, which ar
to be Junior in lien to the bonds of sc
ries A and B.
| In the first instance the series {
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

their credit. meet their obligations and
be able to keep some part of their sur
plus earnings as a reward for the efforts
of the present generation. Stating the
case differently. the programme Is not
so clearly within Germany's capacity to
pay that her people are sure to feel that
the advantage of payment outweigh the
disadvantages OF default.
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

But In the main the forced expansion Of
Germany's exports and the forced con-
traction of her imports is bound i. great
measure TO be at the expense of tha
trade of her principal competitors, who.
as the world is organized to-day, are
the United States and the British Em-
pire.
The future of German trade with
Russia must also be taken into account.
Before the war Russia was Germany's
second best customer in Europe. How
soon Russia will again become a profit
able customer for Germany or any other
exporting nation no one can foretelI. But
is it not inevitable that the United
States, Great Britain and Japan will
fight hard for an important share Of
Russia'S trade?
What Nextr
The Germans having agreed TO do
their best to carry out the new agree4
ment. speculation as TO how much they
are likely to be able to pay would be
profitless at the present time. 1t Is suf-
ficient to say that the experts Of the
Allies seem unwilling to say that the
Germans cannot under any conceivable
conditions carry out the new pro-
gramme
expert who will venture the opinion
that, however hard the Germans may
try. they will probably be able to make
the required payments under the condi.
tions that arc likely to confront them,
The discussion should now be closed
and all should await the outcome of tha
test OF actual experience.
If, as l personally think will prove to
be the case, few years experience
demonstrates that the new programme
calls for payments clearly beyond Ger.
many's ability to pay under conditions
as they are found to exist, then ths
allied governments. acting in their own
interests. will be bound to attempt .
further revision of the reparation pros
gramme for very much the same reas
sons as those that prompted them to
revise the programme laid down by tbs
Treaty of Versailles.
1t will then behoove the GeUnans t4
be in position OF having In good faith
done their utmost. Their salvation will
depend upon their success In satisfying
the allied world Of the sincerity and
vigor of their effort.
The New York herald., 1921-06-26
Bearing of the New Programme on
the Future Commerce of the
United States and the Allied
Nations.

The new programme has a most i'm
portant bearing on the future commerce
OF the United States and the allied ma
ttons, the far reaching consequences or
which are just beginning to be realized.
While the measure of Germanys obHgd-
ton to make reparation payments is the
volume of her exports, her ability
actually TO pay will. in the long run, be
measured by the excess of her exports
over her imports. She must. therefore,
do her utmost to curtail her imports and
expand her exports.
With an assumed volume of exports of
So, 600, 900, 900 Germany would have to
keep her imports below so per cent of
that amount in order to provide a suffi-
cient surplus for the reparation pay
ments required by the protocol. With
exports of $2,000.00o,o0o her imports
would have to be kept within half of that
amount.
For several years before the war the
balance of trade was against Germany
so far as visible" items were concerned.
Taking into account invisible items such
as ocean freights, income from foreign
investments and expenditures In Ger
many by tourists, the balance in favor
of Germany was probably In the neigh
borhood of $500. 100000 a year. 1t will
thus be seen how radical a change will
have to be wrought.
The past can only be partial guide
for the future, and no wise man would
hazard an estimate as to how much
Germany could pay by way of repara-
ton to the Allies If the rest of the world
stood aside and gave her free field to
build up the highest surplus of exports
over imports which would be possible for
her highly organized industrial popula-
ton of sixty million people. Injured TO
low wages and a low standard of living
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

and enjoying the great advantage of be-
Ing free of-ths burden of maintaining a
costly army and navy.
But the question is. VIII the rest OF
the world give Germany free field and
is 1t in the interest OF the Allies and the
United States that she should have a
free field?
Might not the advantages OF German
success in carrying through the new
reparation programme be outweighed by
its disadvantages. even TO the allied ma
tions?
Some aid in answering this question
can be gained from a consideration Of
the destination of Germany's exports
and the source of her imports.
The New York herald., 1921-06-26
Purpose OF the Allied NegOtin
tions for a New Programme.

Recognizing these fundamental de-
fects in the reparation scheme of the
treaty. the allied statesmen last sum-
mer entered upon negotiations with the
Germans looking toward an agreement
upon schedule of reparation payments
that would come within Germany's
probable capacity to pay. 1t was even
hoped that a programme of payments
could be agreed upon which the Ger
man Government itself would accept as
reasonable and within it's capacity, so
that it would not be able to plead Inn
possibility of performance as an excuse
for default.
These negotiations failed because the
Germans made no offer which the Allies
would accept and the Allies proposed
no programme which the Germans would
acknowledge to be within their capac-
ity. The best German offer was barely
half of the lowest allied proposal.
The Decision of the Reparation
Comm issioD.
At this juncture the Reparation Com
mission, acting in conformity with the
treaty, announced on May 1 their deter
mination of the aggregate amount of
the damages suffered by the Allies un-
The New York herald., 1921-06-26
RESORTS.
Connecticut,

Connecticut.
BOARD IN Connecticut. whispering Pines
Rest Home. Large grounds, boating, bath
ing. electric and auto service. Close to every
thing for convenience. References. GEORGE
ODONNEL. Milford. Conn, % High St
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

der the ten categories specified in the
treaty. The amount thus fixed Is 1884,
000,000.000 gold marks or roughly S33.-
000.000,000. This amount is so far be-
low most of the forecasts that even Mr..
Keynes pronounced the decision OF the
Reparation Commission "a signal tri-
umph for the spirit of justice which the
German people themselves will noti fail
to recognize"
The New York herald., 1921-06-26
Defects OF the Reparation Provi
sions OF the Treaty.

The allied finance ministers and ex-
perts soon recognized that the repara-
ton provisions of the treaty were sub
1ect to certain fundamental defects. One
was that the most favorable programme
OF payments that the Reparation Com
mission was free to fix would be so hope
lessly beyond the capacity of the Ger
mans to pay that they would inevitably
substitute their own opinion as to their
capacity to pay for the provisions of
the treaty as the measure of their per-
formance. Another was that, inasmuch
as, for practical purposes. the repara-
ton claim was indeterminate, the Ger
man people would have no incentive to
a vigorous effort to perform.
third weakness, which flowed from
the two above mentioned, was that,
facing as they would reparation claim
that was practically indeterminate, the
German Government and people, even
with the best intentions, would not be
able effectively to organize for the
gigantic effort of sustained national
production, economy and export which
must be the basis of any considerable
programme of reparation payments.
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

entire amount was to carry interest at
5 per cent. unless the Reparation
Commission should determine at some
future time that circumstances justify
variation of this rate" While the
Reparation Commission was given dis
cretion TO extend the time for pay
ments and modify their form, il had
no authority to cancel any part OF the
total debt. including interest thereon,
except with the specific authority OF
the several Governments represented
upon the commission" (Article 234).
When critics speak OF the reparation
claim under the treaty being indeter-
inmate, they are not strictly accurate
because, as pointed out above, there
was limit beyond which the repara-
ton payments could not 60 That
limit, however was so far beyond Ger
many's possible capacity to pay that
the reparation claim under the treaty
was indeterminate for all practical
purposes.
The New York herald., 1921-06-26

| v"'~"-'NNN'~N-
From this table 1t appears that 81
per cent of Germany's imports were
from the British Empire and the United
States and that 25 per cent. of her ex-
ports were to those countries. This very
practical question may soon be present.
ed Will the United States, which does
not share In the reparation payments.
and Great Britain. which receives only
22 per cent of them, be willing to en-
courage Germany in the policy of re-
ducing her imports from those countries
to the minimum and forcing her exports
to those countries and to the competi-
tive markets of the world to the max
imum?
The problem Is less serious for France,
because her interest in the reparatlon
payments may possibly be greater than
her interest in protecting and developing
her own trade. Germany could undoubt-
edly expand her exports to some extent
by creating new markets and extending
her existing markets, while the increase
in her exports of manufactured prod
ucts would necessarily entail an in
crease in her imports of raw materials.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
PERSIAN WOMEN FREED.

Until seventy years ago, says a
correspondent, the women in Persia
were held in bondage of ancient
customs and prejudices. They were
thought little of 30 far as the affairs
of national life were concerned. Out
side their homes they were nonen-
titles. But, he continued, new
era was to present itself to the bene-
fit of womankind 1t came in the
form Of the doctrines that were I'LL
timately preached by the new teach
er, Abdul BAHIA. He it was who
taught that women in Persia should
be put on a basis of equality with
the men; should receive the same
advantages of education, and have
voice in making the laws that gov
erned them. The women of Persia
are now enjoying the same privileges
as the men, and they are rapidly
rising out of their oldtime slavery.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
oNE,PIEcE SLIPPER.

Michael j. Hollenbach of Glovers-
vile, n Y, is the inventor of what
is called one-piece slipper. The
material for it is cut out of a single
piece of leather or cloth, so that all
that is needed is to put in few
stitches and the footgear is COM
plete.
This kind Of slipper may be fitted
over the foot like surgical shoe.
With correct cut, it fits smoothly
and perfectly, having none of the
looseness which gives most slippers
a provoking inclination to drop off
on slight provocation.
Another advantage it has is there
is no seam at the heel to cause irri-
tation and discomfort. And still an
other advantage is in lowering the
cost of manufacture.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
WEEK-ENDER's YEAR.

8 This years calendar is made to
order for the week-ender, for four of
the legal holidays fall next to Sum
day. Lincoln's birthday comes on a
Saturday. Decoration day, the
Fourth of July and, of course, La
Dor day, win be Mondays.
The week-ender who finds his
business. so elastic that he can stay
away from town over one business
day will observe that Washington's
birthday falls on Tuesday; so from
Saturday noon until Wednesday
morning he can seek relaxation in
skating. Columbus day coming on
a Wednesday, offers no such tempta-
tion.--New York Herald.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
HELP Hops MAKE POTTERY
Omitted States Authorities Are Making
Them Acquainted With Methods
That Are Up to Date

The Hopi Indians of the South
west have always been famous for
their pottery, in the manufacture Of
which Though unacquainted with
the potter's wheel) they were skilled
even in prehistoric times.
There is a considerable market
for their pots, which are quantity
and attractively decorated in black
and colors. The United States bu-
reau of standards is trying to help
them by suggesting improved proc
esses, and recently it has shown them
how to make from cheap material
black stain much superior to the one
at present used by those Indians,
says the Minneapolis Tribune. They
have shown themselves glad enough
to accept the help offered; and it
may be that we shall yet learn of
useful suggestions to the Navahos
in the line of blanket making and
the production of silver ornaments.
This viii open a new field to these
indians.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
MORE THAN LIQUOR IN HIM
Intoxicated Auto Driver Evidently
Also Had Some of the Milk of
Human Kindness.

1t was very muddy night also
a rainy one, and no surprise when
the driver let his car slip over the
side Of the road into the ditch. But
he was rather amazed when Of the
scores of drivers that passed all de-
clined to help him. Still he had to
admit that they were certainly in
the same danger of slipping into the
muddy ditch he had been.
Then along came reckless, young
driver, singing at the top of his voice
and driving so recklessly that peo-
pie voluntarily gave him the road.
He saw the car in the ditch and
stopped. A few minutes later he
pulled the other car back into the
road again and then went on his
way singing and reeling from side
to side of the road.
The first driver, although he was
a strict temperance man himself and
never so much as looked on "white
mule" of any kind, looked after his
tipsy helper wistfully: Sand to
think used to be in favor of strict
prohibition" he said to himself
Indianapolis News.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
LIVED IN HISTORIC PERIOD
Rodney Adams Was With Marshall
When the First Gold Was Found
in California


Rodney c. Adams, aged 80 years,
is the last person alive who saw the
first gold mined in California He
was born in Madison county, Hi
nois, in 1881, and when a child emf
grated to western Missouri with his
parents. In 1847 he went with his
parents in the Mormon OK train to
what is now Salt Lake City. On
the route across the plains his par
ents dissented from the Mormons in
their polygamy doctrines. At the
first chance young Adams and his
parents pushed on across the Ser
ras. Now Rodney Adams, an aged
man living with his granddaughter
in Riverside county, is the last alive,
as far as Californians can find out,
who was close to James Marshall
when the first golden nuggets were
found. He is writing his recollec-
lions of California before the min
ers came, and publisher is await
ing copy as it is slowly ground out.
His recollections have been invalu-
able for Pacific coast historians.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
THE TWO.

A wide and rolling prairie,
Outspread beneath the sun;
Around it mountains, canyons
And cleaning rivers run.
Its summers warm and gentle
rain
Brings miles and miles of waving
grain.
With healthful climate it is blest.
And splendid homes upon it rest.
Let s all together sing its fame,
For Nez Perez is its name.
Within shallow valley
Upon this prairie wide
A busy little village
just tries its best to hide.
A little stream meanders down
Right through the middle of the
town,
With little bridges DER it span
ned
And flowery banks on either
hand.
If we all love it, who can blame
For Nezperce is its name.
". G.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
GOOD WORK OF RED CROSS
Ruthenian Mothers Are Learning the
Benefits of Application of Soap
and Water.

In Ruthenian orphanage sup
ported by the school children of the
United States through the Junior
Red Cross, soap and water enter
largely into the treatment" of chill
dren and their mothers. One day
two Gypsy mothers met in the hall
way. One carried a baby, clean and
sweet in the clothing of an Ameri-
can layette, the other a dirty little
child dressed only in dirty cloth.
The clean baby's mother was round
ly scolding the dirty baby's mother,
saying: "What for do you think
the American ladies will give you
clothes for dirty baby? See my
baby. You go home, scrub your
baby, wash that rag clean and then
come back"
The mothers who come to this Red
Cross orphanage from the wilds are
rapidly awakening. The children
are poisoning forth in a wonder
full way under the good influences
of cleanliness, wholesome food and
a happy life.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
JAPANESE AVIATION.

Nagoya is destined to become the
center of Japanese aviation. The
army machine works at Chikusa, a
suburb of Nagoya, is partially COM
pleted and in operation, and the
Atsuta airplane factory has been re-
moved to the same place. In this
factory seven powerful motors of
the Salmson type are under con-
struction, which, while nominally of
230 horsepower, actually develop
$50 horsepower, The material useu
is wholly Japanese, and the results
OF tests are reported to be most
satisfactory.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
ROYAL WEDDING PROTESTED.

That Europe's watch over inter-
monarchy marriages which might re-
suit in entangling relations is as
keen as ever was shown, according
to rumor current in diplomatic cir
cles, when the French ambassador
in Rome was asked to protest to the
King against the reported engage
ment of the pricess of Savoy, daugh-
ter of the duke of Genoa, and a
Bayarian prince whose services dur
ing the war were anything but pro-
ally, although he was not actively
engaged in the German army. The
Quirinal, however, is said. to have
Gained the fears of French states
men by showing that the two houses
are already related; the duchess of
Genoa being of Bavarian birth and
an aunt of the prince in question.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1921-03-24
For the best dentistry call on
DIR. Dummit, Nezperce.
VICTORY FoR AIRPLANE.

During a big gale recently none
of the cross-channel steamers got
across either way between England
and France. But Mr.. Macintosh of
Handley-Page Transport, fought his
way through the hurricane from Par
is to Lympne, taking over three hours
for the $50 miles, on a D. II. with
Siddeley engine, and Vaughan
Fowler did the 240-mile journey
from London to Paris with the wind
behind In an hour and 40 minutes
on an old d. III. 4 with a Rolls en-
CINE. These were the only craft to
get across, so after that it looks as
if the surest way of getting mails
through is by air.--London Opinion.