davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
GENERAL GORGAS
AS AN ECONOMIST

Doubling of wages" was declared
by the late General Gorgas as the
most important sanitary measure
that could be applied. In more than
one public address he made clear
that, if given the power to select
only one thing to improve sanitation,
doubling of wages would be his
choice. OF course what he had in
mind was a real increase in wages,
not an imaginary one. He did not
mean doubling of wages to be &C
companied by trebling of prices
or any price increase at all. He
was an economic student and knew
that such an increase" would be in
fact a reduction. He meant a wage
increase that would actually double
the wage-earner's purchasing power.
He knew how to bring this abuot.
He would have cut off the power of
non-producers to absorb the earnings
of labor. He would have abolished
all taxes on labor or it's products,
have revoked the grants to private
corporations of control of public
highways, have taken the entire rent
al value of land for public use and
abolished special privilege generally.
In his public utterances he endorsed
unequivocally the complete program
of Henry George. He knew how to
bring about economic justice, knew
that economic justice is indispensable
to public health, and did what he
could to impart this knowledge to
others. Economic League
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10

stand for the right of organization
and collective action. 1t must do so
not only for purely prudential rea-
sons and because it is right, but be-
cause the manhood and freedom of
the workers are at stake"
Clergymen are requested to en-
phasisize the wrongs suffered by the
workers, and to refer particularly to
this statement. "The workers have
been subjected to unemployment, mil
lions of them to shifting places of
abode, and millions of them, their
wives and their children, have until
lately lived on the borderland Of
poverty. Many of them, in spite of
the generous wage advances, are still
perilously near the poverty line"
The remedy for this condition is
fuller and freer self-expression for
those who toll. The element of
profit must be subordinated to the
Christian principle of service. The
workers must have larger participa-
ton in management and the deter
mination of conditions under which
their labor shall be given.
In thus taking an advanced posi-
ton in the field of economies, the
Church has warned Big Business that
it is not to be lightly swerved from
its course by threat of financial os-
tracism. The Interchurch World
Movement has been crippled by the
steel trust opposition, but the units
that composed that ambitious scheme
of world betterment will continue, if
this letter is a criterion, to attack
industrial wrongs, not only "for pru-
Dental reasons" but because their
perpetuation is repugnant to any
proper conception of Christianity.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
Judge Black Is
A Blacksmith

| In one of a series of articles for
the Tacoma Times about men seek
| ing the nomination for governor of
Washington, Ralph Benjamin says
of Judge Black:
| Whenever Judge William Wilson
Black of Everett, passes a black
smith shop, he stops to watch the
sparks fly.
Whenever he sees wagon wheel
wobble over the cobblestones, he lust
naturally wonders why the owner
doesn't have it fixed.
He can't help it.
| Blacksmith shops, the musical
whang of the cold hammer-face on
the white-hot metal, the loose wheel
hubs and broken spokes-they carry
him back to the good, old days in
the little town in Indiana county,
Pennsylvania. They recall the days
he spent at the forge in his fathers
shop, learning the art of making
horseshoes out of chunks of iron.
and wagon wheels of tough oak and
ash.
Judge Blacks father taught him
| blacksmithing and sent him out into
the world. But William Wilson Black
wasn't satisfied. He went to Kansas
and studied law
Then he came to Washington be-
fore the city of Everett waas estab-
lished. He bought one of the first
town lots in Everett, built his home,
practiced the law, and then became
superior judge for two terms.
Seeks Democratic Nomination.
a IN hn Of
Washington. He is a candidate for
the democratic nomination.
The judge was born in 1857, but
he is still active and strong. He
could still swing strong hammer.
While he was in Kansas studying
for the bar examinations, he tried
la murder case. He represented the
state, and he won. He was later
appointed assistant attorney general
of Kansas. He married and two of
his children were born in Leaven-
worth. He is officially listed as
coming to Washington in 1891.
Judge Black entered politics in
Snohomish County when he was made
municipal court judge. In 1904 he
was elected superior court judge, and
was reelected in 1908. He was the
only democrat to carry Snohomish
County.
In 1908 Judge Black went to the
democratic national convention in
Denver as delegate from Washing
ton. For this act he was bitterly
opposed by the Republicans of his
county, but he was reelected by q
big majority in spite of the fight
made on him.
Original Wilson Man
In 1912 Judge Black went to the
famous Democratic convention ir
Baltimore. He was one of the origi.
| nal Woodrow Wilson men.
On his return to Washington after
the convention, Judge Black filed FOL
the Democratic nomination for gov
ernor. He was chosen the party;
choice, but the state supreme court
decided he was not eligible because
] his term as judge did not expire un
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
CHURCHES FOR ORGANIZED LABOR
AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING

AS its answer to the efforts of
Big Business to prevent the publica-
ton of its survey of the steel in
dustry and the disorganization of
the machinery of the Interchurch
World Movement, the Federal Coun-
ell Of Churches of Christ in America
has sent stirring appeal to clergy
men affiliated with the thirty-two
denominations it represents, in which
it is declared that "the church cam
not allow itself to be estopped from
its course either by pressure from
reactionary employees on the one
hand or by the evils of the labor
movement on the other"
The Church, the letter says, can
not remain aloof from the contro-
versy that impends between capital
and labor. 1t inveighs against the
"open shop" campaign of Chambers
Of Commerce and Manufacturers AS
sociations. eff no form of organiza-
ton is permitted, and if not only
strikes, but labor organization itself
is fought to finish," it says, "there
appears no way out of our troubles,
but rather a deepening of them. We
shall have an autocratic manage
ment of industry on the one side,
and either a kind of serfdom on the
other, or a militant, bitter, class
conscious organization of labor grow
ing yearly more revolutionary. That
lis just the danger of the present
hour"
The situation is said to be Sc
rious, and the "the Church cannot
afford to be hesitant here" 1t re-
CARDS the case as hopeless unless en-
ployer recognizes the right of col
lective bargaining. "The Church must
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
Try "BLUE RIBBON" Cigars, Sc.
Trade Unions Value
Seen BY Medical Men

New York, Aug. 28.-Organized
labor is bringing into line those
employers who cannot see that sod
den drudges are not as desirable as
workers who have leisure for recrea
ton, for study, for health, says the
New York Medical Journal.
This publication declares that 1.-THE
duty of the scientist is clear"
"To humanize working conditions,
to reassert the value of the indi-
vidual, to study all ways of releas-
ing in work the best energies of the
worker instead of as now, so prodigi-
ously wasting them, this should be
the practical role of science in in
dustry."
ENGLAND was one of the first
countries to conduct scientific inves-
legations into the question of fatigue
and hours of work. England tried to
speed up her munitions worker until
she discovered that they were break
ing under the strain; then studies
of the munitions industry were made,
with the result that hours of work
were shortened and both the health
and effectiveness of the workers were
increased. Now comes our own pub
lie health service with a report prov
ing the superiority of the eight over
the 10-hour day. The findings are
based on a comparison of an eight
and 10-hour plant, each huge in
dustrial establishment prominent in
the metal working industry. Superior.
| ity of the eight-hour day was proved
from the economic standpoint-that
is, in respect to maintenance of out
put, lost time, and labor turnover
But the eight-hour day was also
proved more beneficial to the work.
man, and this in a way that the EN-
ployer could appreciate because il
touched his pocketbook-it was founC
to reduce the rate of industrial acct
] lanat. y
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10

til two days after the term for gov
ernor started.
The Democratic central committee
chose the late Ernest Lister as Dem
ocratic nominee, and in the hot three
cornered fight between Lister, Bob
Hodge and M. E. Hay, Lister was
elected.
Judge Black was the Democratic
nominee for U. S. senator in 1914.
The judge is now associated in the
law practice with his sons, Lloyd l..
Black and Wendell Wilson Black,
both of whom are graduates of the
University Of Washington.
Judge Black was known in Ever
EFT during his terms on the superior
bench, his friends say, as "The
Square Deal Judge" He declares it
is his ambition if he is elected gov
ernor to be known as "The Square
Deal Governor"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10

We have a repair shop in connec-
ton with store and have an expert
repair man in charge of same. We
make speciality of repairing motor
cycles, bicycles, typewriters, cash
registers, guns and revolvers. We also
do lock, safe and key work. Tele-
phone and we will call for your "work
and return same when repaired at
Arthur A. Baily's Sporting Goods and
Hardware Store. Both phones rs.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
NAME GROWN IN
HEART OF WATERMELON

The "Ain't Nature Wonderful"
Club of Quincy, ILL.,, is all agog to-
day as the result of the discovery of
slice of watermelon whose red
meat was plainly traced with the
name Harding" spelled by the white
fiber
Bishop M. E. Fawcett of the
Quincy diocese of the Episcopal
church, declares the name was clear
ly and plainly spelled. The Harding
watermelon was discovered by Miss
Margaret Bishop, who showed it to
the bishop.-Echange.
But you know watermelons are out
of season on November 2.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1920-09-10
RESULT OF THE FEDERATION
AMENDMENTS REFERENDUM

The vote
Labor
ue results announced etter:
p, ,.nr 49, Seattle Wash, Sept. 2nd
10 affiliated Unions,
Inc referendum the follows:
to constitution provide referendum
to constitution providing of
through machinery of the
Amendment to constitution of
conform to adoption articles fol-
and recall of officers ~.-" 2965 295
Amending the to
10 change the time of holding
10 permit affiiation
10 make attllatlon central bodies
payable quarterly o
10 increase the diem of members o
to $40 and Of to
salary of president secretary
$500
10 authorize the Executive Council 241
Flatenaly
l. W. BUCK
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
F.L Roney And
Boyles Killed
by Mex. Rebels
American Oil Men Ventured
Into Territory Known
to be Unsafe.


MEXICO CITY, Jan. S.-F. ]. Roney
and Earle Boles, Americans who met
death in the Tampico region early
this month, were killed by rebels aft
er having disregarded warnings from
local authorities who advised them
not to venture into lawless regions
alone, according to telegram from
state officials at Tampico given out
by the Interior department They
were shot by outlaws on the seashore
between camps belonging to the In
ternational and Transcontinental Oil
companies, 1t is said.
Advices given out here state that
followers OF General Pelaez, outlaw
chief, and virtually Independent ruler
in that district, had been expecting to
receive munitions from steamer at
that point on the coast. Certain ban
dts who were rivals of adherents OF
Pelaez were operating near the La
coon of Tamiahua and learned of the
expected shipment. They laid in wait
at point where they thought the
munitions would be landed and when
Roney and Boles appeared the rebels
believed they were carrying arms to
the PelaeZ forces. Fire was opened
upon the two men who were killed.
1t is stated government forces are
pursuing the bandits and that the for
eign office has asked local authori-
ties for further information regard
ing the shooting of the two Ameri-
cans.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
TELLS OF SCHOOL
WHERE PUPILS
LOVE TO STUDY
Pittsburgh Educator Lee.
lures to Parent-Teacher
Association.
new high SCHOOL NEEDS
ICommittee Will be Appoint.
ed to Study the Sub
q ject.

A fair representation of Fairmont's
finest men and women met at the
High school last night at 1880 in spite
OF the rain and ice out-of-doors at the
third Parent Teacher Association
meet.>g this year. Though the audi
torium was not filled, those present
felt well repaid for coming out such
a bad night. Probably no more ap-
preciative audience has ever assem-
bled to hear prominent school man,
Prof w F, Kennedy, principal of Nc
Kelyey public school at Pittsburgh,
address hearers of the sort who were
present last night. Men and women
of5promine in the city-a fair sam
pie OF the thinking class here, includ-
ing teachers. well known business
men, and fathers and mothers who
are deeply interested in the progress
Of their young folks-all listened at
tentiyely to THE two hour illustrated
address which was one OF the finest
and most Illuminating ever given in
Falrmont
Preceding the address by Prof. Ken
nedy, r. r. Cunningham, president of
1.-The Parent Teacher association, spoke
lbriefly regarding business matters and
IA. l.. Lehman, members of the
school board, talked a moment or two
on the subject of larger high school
TO meet the growing demands. 1t was
moved and seconded that a commit
Ntee be appointed to look into this mat
ter TO report later as to how increased
Ihigh school facilities could best be
furnished. Mr.. Cunningham suggest
led that other high schools in the state
lContinued on page tour.D
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09

e T -.
MEXICAN CITY, Jan. 3 s.Intenae
excitement and panic reigns among
the Inhabitants of the cities OF Cor
dova and Ariziba because OF the
opening of a new crater In the vol
cano of oriziba.
The new crater is emitting smoke.
according to Information received at
the Offices of the presidential mill
tary staff from army officers in the
earthquake district.
Experts believed the reported open
ing Of small and supposedly extinct
volcano a; San Miguel and the break
ing out of a new crater on Mt. ORR
zhba provide an explanation OF the
earthquake which on Saturday night
centered along the line between the
states Of Vera Cruz and Piebla-
New adyices tell OF 200 deaths near
San Miguel and in the country dis
tricts near Cordova and II seems Inn
probable the final list OF casualties
will fall below original estimates OF
1000 even II report of 1000 deaths u
Couztlan were exaggerated.
From compilation and Comparisons
of varying dispatches 1T is believed 2t
villages were completely destroyed
with almost double that number Of
towns and villages partially demoli
ished or badly damaged.
There has been no attempt to esti.
mate the number of hamlets and
single country houses destroyed by
the shock. nor have figures as to the
number OF injured or property dam.
aged been reported. President Car.
rama has approved an appropriation
OF 10000 pesos suggested by the
permanent legislative commission and
has directed the money be sent to
state authorities in Vera Cruz.
Tho Mexican Red and White Cross
Organizations are actively gathering
supplies and money to be Forwarded
to the earthquake districts.
Newepspe pers in this city have joiner
in raising money for the people OF
the destroyed towns.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09

Indications are that the car supply
on the Monongahela railroad will inn
prove, but this may not be noted un-
til little later, according to G. T.
Bell, executive vice president of the
Northern West Virginia Coal Opera
tors Association, who was in commu-
nication with ]. ]. Monythan, Pitts
burgh, fanager of the eastern car pool
The Pittsburgh and Lake Erie rail-
road Is about ready to comply to the
preemptory order directing 1t to turn
$50 cars day, which is a minimum
number, over to the Monongahela rail-
road daily.
AS to the Pennsylvania railroad it is
understood that it has not been in a
position to fulfill the demands of a
similar premptory order this week
because there is but 25 per cent.
car supply on the Pittsburgh and Mo-
nongahela divisions OF its system. La
ter the p. r. r. will respond to the
demands OF the order. probably some
improvement being noted early next
week.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
WILSON AND BRYAN
SPLIT ON TREATY
Commoner in Favor of
Yielding to the Sen
ate.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 9.-President
Wilson and William J. Bryan took dia-
metrically opposite views at the Jack
son dinner here last night on the ques-
ton OF whether the Democratic party
should make the League Of Nations
an issue at the next election.
ThF President III mis- message, read
by Chairman Homer S. Cummings,
said: The clear and single way" to
determine fne will OF the American
people on the League OF Nations was
to make it an issue at the next elec-
tion.
The former Secretary OF State,
three times candidate for the Presi-
dency and power in his party, de-
claTed the Democrats could not go be-
fore the country on the issue and that
they must accept such compromises as
may be possible.
The Presidents message said moth
ing whatever about a third term for
himself and neither did it say even
by Implication or intimation that he
wouS not be candidate, as had been
widely forecast. Most of the Presi-
dest's message was devoted to an
expression of his argument OF why he
considered it the duty of the United
States TO join in the League ogf Ma
tions covenant and why he consider
ed the war not really won until 1t did.
Another attempt to crush the new ma
tons of Europe would be made, the
President said, il the United States
held aloof.
The President again expressed his
attitude toward reservations much as
he did at his conference with the Sem
ate Foreign Relations committee, in
this language:
IF the Senate wishes to say what
the undoubted meaning OF the treaty
is, l shall have no objection There
can be no reasonable objections. to in
terpretations accompanying the act
of ratification itself But when the
treaty is acted upon | must know
whether it means that We have ratifi-
ed or rejected it We cannot rewrite
this treaty. We must take it with
out the changes which alter its ny.an-
ing or leave 1t, and then, after the
rest of the world has signed it, we
NUT face the unthinkable task of max
ing another and separate kind of trea
ty with Germany"
Conceding the right OF the Republi-
can majority to dictate the Senate's
course, Mr.. Bryan declared:
'sOur plan has been rejected and we
must face the situation as 1t is. We
must either secure compromises as
may be possible or present the issue
to the country. The latter course
would mean a delay of at least IA
months and then success only. IN case
CONTINUED on Page Four)
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
HEALTH OF PUPILSEEPORT PERMITS
IN CITY SCROOLSDBCONT|NUED on
TO Be WATCHEDREG|ONAL GASC0AL
Medical Inspector and Nurse Railroad Administration
Appointed for That M Divertng Down East
Purpose. Because of Shortage
WEIGRIlgGARs DFF-74 MINES IDLE
SYSTEMATIC WEIGHING
Scales Will be Installed
Each School Building
Soon.

a step toward decreased mental,
moral and physical efficiency of the
children of Fairmont independent
school district was taken yesterday
afternoon by the Board of Education
OF the district when they appointed
medical inspector and a nurse whose
duties 1t will be to examine children,
find out the cause OF sub normal con-
ditions as to mentality, physique and
morals and to do everything possible
to secure the cooperation of parents
or guardians to see that these defects
are remedied
To aid in carrying out this effort
for increased efficiency the board au-
thorized the purchase of standard
scales, set Of which will be installed
in each of the ward schools and a
strict table kept Of the weight and
height of each pupil enrolled
DR.. VIM. U. Charlton, resident ply
sician of the Baltimore and Ohio rail-
road company in this city, was ap-
pointed medical inspector and Miss
Gladys Winfield the nurse in the en-
ploy OF the Red Cross ar the Nurs-
ing service was appointed to assist
him in this work.
The next eight weeks will be spent
by DR.. Charlton and Miss Winfield
in a vigorous campaign of physical
examination among the pupils and af-
ter this Miss Winfield will carry for
ward the work with the assistance of
DR.. Charlton. Beginning next Monday
four afternoons each week will be
devoted to this work by both DR..
Charlton and Miss Winfield.
The scales have been purchased and
one set is to come by express in Or
der that the work may proceed with
out delay. Three Deluxe scales man
ufactured by Mason Davis and Com
bany asd three Continental scales
have been ordered each of which are
especially adapted to school medical
inspection.
The scales were installed at the
request of the Home Economics de-
partment of the Woman's club which
department has been asitating the
use of the scales for some time.
A table of correct weight and meas
urements as furnished by the Ameri-
can Red Cross will be the standard
used in the schools.
Each pupil will be measured and
weighed and if found to be sub nor
nal in either weight or height the
matter will be taken up with the pa
rents and an effort made to have the
child better nourished and certain de-
fectS which NAV manifest thomeIyas
through the medical inspection, rem
edied.
To this cnd City Superintendent
Wilson has asked that each teacher
in each of the schools furnish him
with a list of pupils which he or she
deems defective in some particular
Already some of these lists have been
handed in and furnish excellent data
Continued on page trur.)
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
Y M G A
Man in CITY Today

N. c. schlichter, Chicago, mem-
Der of the industrial department of
the international committee of the
Y. NJ. C. A. came to Fairmont today
and is the guest of A. J. Cash, general
secretary, and Victor Bird, secretary
of the industrial department of the
Fairmont Y. NJ. C. A., woh are escort
ing him about the industrial plants
OF The city.
Mr.. Schlichter bad planned to go
up teh state, but laater decided to re-
main her a few days. On Monday
night Mr.. Schlichter will address the
big industrial meeting at the Y. NJ.
c. A.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-01-09
Heavy Rainfall
Clears Streets

A heavy rainfall last night drench-
ed the streets, washing them much
more thoroughly than even tn fire
department hose could have dGne.
Most OF the ice on the streets has
disappeared due to the warmer
weather yesterday and the rain last
nSht. This morning more rain fell
untI shout noon when tire sun came
out and dried the streets. The temper
ature dropped some this ;nosriEF- and
cold weather again Is predicted for
tomorrow. The atmosphere is pleas
ant and many persons are on the
streets today. The ice was intact ON
most 0f the local streams, although
they are swelling rapidly.