davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
DENIES DEPORTEES'
K!NSUFFERU UNDULY
Situation Of Many Tragic, But
Cannot Be Helped, Says
Secretary Wilson.

The immigration laws. like the
penal laws, do not always pr wide & T
conside ration OF the fami' les OF those
who come under the terms OF me
law. Secretary OF Labor Wilson stated
today In a letter to Hector NJ Holmes
a Boston attorney. who had pro est
ed against alleged harsh trea .ment o!
deported "reds."
81 have endeavored to, act viii the
least possible harshness. Secretary
Wilson wrote. He declared the laws
are strict. and that they cannot take
into conside Grafton all the private con-
nections OF those who come in con-
flict with the laws. The Secretary
stated everything poss be had been
done for the families OF depo. tees
1000 D~portat'ons.
Secretary Wilson pointed out that
there were 1000 deportations within
thirteen months prior to the sailing
OF the Buford, and that the deporta-
tion statutes cannot be adminiSte ed
without suffering to the deportees
and their families. "For that rea-
son." said Seer tary wilson. my own
Judgment is that the question of ex-
pulsion of admitted aliens ought to
he a matter of judicial rather than
administrative action. AS long, how
ever. as the duty devolves upon the
D partment Of Labor, 1t will continu"
to enforce the letter and the spirit OF
the law, subject orly to review by
the courts on writ OF habeas corpus
And II Will perform its functions with
as little suffering to the aliens and
their families as the circumstances
will permit.
Tragedy Inevitable.
"As yet, l am unprepared to accept
assertions that the Buford deporta
tions were as brutal and tragical. a.
you characterize them. Nor have ]
yet any evidence to show that they
were any more tragic than under the
law is inevitable. or the multitude
Of deportation cases for which the
Department Of Labor Is responsible,
and as to which it has no discre-
tionary authority, many are trIgica'
enough to appeal as strongly to any
ones sympathies as the few which
elicit yours. And when it is con-
sidered that most Of these deportees
are gu'ltless of any offense against
our laws or abuse of our nationa,
hospitality, but are innocent victims
of disease or poverty. one might
fairly say that their cases, no less
than those which you cite. are de.
serving Of special sympathy"
Secretary Wilson added that it was
not designed nor desired by the de-
partment that there should be any
more suffering than is imperative un-
der the express terms of the law, and
he asked Holmes to advise him of sp -
ciGc' instances of the brutality re-
ferred to bv Holmes.
LAS to future deportations Of all
kinds" said the Secretary. every ef-
fort the department can command,
and the acts of 'ongrass allow, will
be made. as every effort was made in
the Buford case, to minimize the in
evitable suff, ring"
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
EUROPEAN UNREST
HAS MANY ANGLES
Reds, Exchange Rates, Strikes
and Hunger Keep Chancel-
Iors Awake Nights.

LONDON, Jan. 2O.-PoHticsl and So
cIal unrest are among the first prob
lens under consideration In Europesr
chancellories today, press advices In
dicRted.
The Bolsbevik menace. stiil realized
as danger despite lifting OF the
blockade against Russia; unfsvorable
rates OF exchange, necessity for ex-
tending imreiiate aid to Austria Ar
menia and Poland. strikes and look
outs. all are questions demanding I'M
mediate attention.
The general situation may be sum
med up as follows:
Great Britain-The labor movement
has grown in strength until the n'-
ton Is face TO face with a labor
government. Several strikes now
ere under way. The Irish question
heightened by unexpected streagth oil
the Sim Fein In recent elections, is
ever present Commons probably will
consider II next month.
Riots In Germany.
Germany-RiotIng and bloodshed
have accompanied industri7l and po-
lItical disputes. Communists again
have come to the front with demands
for socialization OF Industry Some
leaders have wdrneu OF suHeriHB uui
ing the coming months from the fooc
and fuel shortage.
Italy-The government apparently
had succeeded in putting down the
strike OF POSTAL. telegraph and tele'
phone workers. hut Is confronted by
a threatened walkout OF railway
workers.
France-Fremier Milierand's new
government is faced with a consider
able demand among the workers toi
peace with soviet Russia.
Spiin-Industrial situation has been
marked by a serious lockout In the
Barcelona district, throwing thousands
out of work. Strong commun 81
movements have demanded socializa-
lion Of industry.
DIscontent In Portugal.
Portugal-Industrial and politica.
Iiscontent has forced resignation OF
the recently formed government oi
Premier Costa.
Austria-Striped by the peace treaty
of her grain producing areas and coal
fields, the country faces utter ruin.
In the Balkans. Poland and the
newly created states OF northeastern
Europe, conditIo is are bad but I'M
proving The Balkan states are sue
cessfully defending themselves against
the Bolsheviki.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
BRINGS COURT ACTION
AGAINST DC. ASSESSMENT

suit fllcd in the District Supreme
Court today by Anna NJ Knox against
the Dls'ric Comm'ssi ners. at axis
the right of the la ter to asse Che
costs of nacadam ro Ids in the subur-
ban sections of the city ag'nst prop
crty owners as provid d I r in the
rorl nd amendment.
The property owners presented
by Attorney Vernon T.. West decl"re
that the BoIl nd amendment is ap.
plicable only within t'e city lin !,
and requests the court that the as
sessment made against them for paw
ing Mayor street. between Cool II y
roa 4 and tie District line. he quashvL.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
YANK DESERTERS
TASKPARIS Police
Thousand United States Sol
d.ers Still In and Around
French Capital.

PARIS, Jan. 2o.-Police OF Paris re-
port that they are having much trou-
BILE with Yank deseTters in Paris. N'-
cording to official announcement
there are about a thousand deser eIs
still In and al ouTd Paris. Prsctlc an
all of them are home ess and w.t""u
FUNDS. and many Vf them have resort
ed to petty thieyery and ErcehS 10
procure means OF subsistence.
The situation Is such that inc
French authorities are plannint a
ge. .eral raid. A dragnet VIII De
thrown out for the ar. est OF al per-
sons wearing American uniforms W
are not supplied with proper cIeueh-
tiaIs and leaves of absence.
Lieut. Col. c. Ientley Mott. mi itlrV
attache at the American Abassy' ha'
been authorized by the War Depart
lnent 10 hold a court martial on sry
American soldier arrested. Nj ny Oh
these American soldiers have sud Ifn-
ly .ounl themselves unable TO move
around the country because the n :
WAYS. by permission of the f. en|h
government, are now charging iuIl
fare for uniformed men instead OF
one-fourth OF the regular rate as
formerly
The fare regulation also affecis
soldiers in the oScupatiCnal zone Al
CoblenA, from which pace the NUM-
bCr of soldiers visiting Paris monthly
t,,talel over 500. Inree or Tour
American soldiers are now arriving
daily on leave instead OF the car
loads, which were customary beIor"
the full fare reguletion was pascal
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
WALTER REED TO HAVE
PSYCKOPATHIC WARD

Walter Reed General Hospital soon
IS to have it's own psychopathic ward,
here doughboys suffering from shel'
shock and other mental arrangement
can b, brought back to health under
irmy care.
Criticism of the treatment given the
'anks at st. Elizabeth's has led the
army to take this step. Lieut. Col.
"homas p. Woodson OF the medical
corps and Major Howard w. Cutler
Of the sanitary corps, are now In New
York in consultation with experts
over the project.
The cost of the project has not yet
been fixed. 1t Is hoped to have con-
struction under way next spring.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
BARS NAUGHTY BRIDE.

PARIS. Jan. 30 The church cru
sade against short skirts and low.
neck gowns continues. Scathing SER
mons on the subject have been
delivered in Paris churches for
some time.
One priest refused to conduct the
marriage service for n bride whose
dress. in his opinion, showed too
great n length OF silk stocking and
Witch was cut IN such n way "as pos
sibly to make II suitable Tor evening
wear and certainly not fitted for
church" The wedding was post
poned. ..
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
D. c. SYNDICATE BUYS
ATLANTIC CITY HOTEL

A syndicate OF Washington and 9TH
er capitalists yesterday purchased the
st. Charles Hotel, one Of the largest
beach fIont hostelries at Atlarti /,
City. for S1,25O,OOO. They were rep
resented by Att, rney Frederick c.
Bryan, of Washington.
The hotel went into bankruptcy
two years ago, but has continued run
ming under an ar angement W tn the
court. Mr. Dryan announced this
morning th"t the creditors will all De
paid in full and steps taken to put
the place Immediate y on a profitable
basis He declined to name the ITO k-
ho, 'ers in the new co pany, but ca |
none Of them were among the credi-
tors.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
INFLUENZA SPREADS
RAPIDLY AT MEADE

CAMP MEADE. Nd, Jan. 20
There has been a rapid increase in
the number of cases Of influenza in
this cantolment in the last few days
end Crmp Benjamin Franklin. ad-
joining where there are about sixty
cases. All are said to be OF mild
lorm. Col. Ernest l.. Ruffner, camp
surgeon, has taken charge OF the
situation. and reports that all affect
ed with the disease are responding
really to the treatment.
There are now at the camps 266 of
ficers and 3254 enlisted men, 9SS
civilian employees, 121 field clerks and
II nurses. making total OF 1920
persons.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
PROPOSALS

OF OF THE CONMIsSIONrRS
" ellington, -. c., January 16, 1920
Sealeu proposals will be received at this Of
flee. room 500. until o'clock p. m. Feb
ruarv 2. 1920. for furnishing and delivering
var rs i'cms of clothing for distribution
by the BNard of ChildI -n's Guardians
Specifications and forms of prop sal may
be hal upon application to the Purchasing
ffioor, room 220, District Building.
IOT'S BROWNLOW. CHARLES w.
kUTs:, Commissioners. n. G. 1890
sFJ-n PROPOSALS fer building anc
erecting co wooden cares. apprOxima te;y
16' Sh" long, 49, deep and g. 1OA" high.
will be received Until O'Clock p. m, jan
uary %, 1920. For blank proposals. speci-
fc"tions, plans and p"rticulors address
"The chef Clerk, Bureau OF the Census.
Department of Commerce. Washington,
d. c." ;7.19.20
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
BALTIMORE GRAIN MARKET,
PUBLIC UTILITY BONDS.

BALTIMORE, Jan. 20.-Wheat-
Firm: good demand No. red win
ter. s2.62; No. 2 red winter .garlicky,
50 5s. Receipts, 1885 bushels: ship
ments, 4,150 bushels.
Corn--Steady. No. 8 yellow. new
domestic, $1.63. Receipts. ares bush.
els; shipments, 511 bushels.
Oats-Firmer. No. 3 white domes-
tic, 93@031 1sc. Receipts, 81 1853 BUSH
els; shipments, 3.219 bushels
Rye-Firmer. No. Western ex-
port, spot, $1.96h. Receipts, 141 ,466
bushels; shipments, 100 bushels.
Hay--Firm at late advance.
Flour ur-Unchanged.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
INDIANA ALUMNI TO DANCE.

Indiana University alumni living In
Washington will celebrate the insti.
tution's centennial with an informal
reception and dance at the College
Women's Club, 1922 street north
west, Thursday evening.
Addresses will be made by George
NJ Cook of Chicago, president of the
II" mems ns 'ociation; Congressman
Oscar Il. BLAND, John S. Benham.
Everett Sanders, and Fred 8. Burnell
nll alumni.
trect northeast, is secretary OF the
local association .... ..
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
MISS'URI 0. FERS TREE
TO EONCR PEACE TREATY

Missouri today offered the hrst
treaty tree" N the politicians will
Just get together and hold the cere-
mony"
/ The tree 10 orered through the
American Forestry Association. which
is compiling a hall OF fame for trees
with a history. w. Il. Patten. OF
Webb City, Jasper county. Mo, nom
mates his tree for a place In the hall
Of fame.
my tree has a circumference OF
twelve feet four inches at three feet
from the ground" Patten wrote the
Association. "and with its spread OF
association said such a ceremony
roof foy<a good-sized get-togethef
ceremony" Answering his letter the
ssociation said such a cere ..ony
would indeed make the tree famous.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
TRUCE HELPS. STARVING.

RIGA, Jan. 20.-Fighting between
Lettish forces and the armies of
Prince Avalon recently was halted to
permit the American Red Cross to
bring food to the starving thousands
withiL the city. The armistice was
arranged by Col. Edward w. Ryan,
who Is directing extensive Red Cross
relief operations in the Baltic states.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
SERBS SEE FIRST MOVIES.

NISH, Serbia, Jan. 20.-Americah
Re- Cross moving pictures are being
used to teach Serbians how to COM
bat tuberculosis, malaria, typhus and
o'her diseases caused by lack OF sani-
tation. Peasants come from miles
around to sc the pictures, the FIRST Of
any kind they have seen.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
TODAY'S SALES.

Potomac Electric first SIS, $1,000
81. S1,000@94
Capital Traction. 5ds9. 26S9.
Continental Trust Company, 106
40. 10d110.
Union Trust. 1oa115. 10T115h.
Lanston. 10dS4lh, 1OaS4%.
After call-Washington Gas SIS, 500
ass.
Washington Railway and Electric
preferred, 10@54h.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
NEWSPAPERS TO RESUME.

WINNIPEG Manchuria, Jan. 90
Daily papers here which suspended
b, cause OF lack OF print paper, hoped
be able to resume publication to-
morrow. Advices from paper mills
1t Fort Frances stated n supply Of
)apcr would probably reach Winni
peg within a few days.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
WALL STREET MARKET

NEW YORK. Jan. eo.-priees were
irregular at the opening OF the stock
market today. United States Rubbei
opened at l24x up u; Sinclair OIL.
i2B. unchanged; Shell Transport
Hn. up "a: Southern Pacific. 1905
up X; United States Steel. lO5. off u
studebaker. lo2h. off "; Interns-
tionsl Paper, S2h. up X; Anaconda
ola. off Y; General Motors. 800. of
AZ Mexican Petroleum iOh: up a.
The market closed higher.
fSStSfdAy
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
HUBBY PREFERS 'EM DEAD.

CHICAGO, Jan. 2O.-False teeth
for wedding present wasn't so tad,
but when Mrs. James Il. Thomas found
her husband was saving his money
o buy his former wife an expensive
monument, she demanded a divo ce
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
REWARD ITALIAN HOSPITAL.

DURAZzO, Albania, Jan. 20.--One
hundred and seventy garments from
the American Red Cross work room
In Duia1zo were given TO the Ital-
Ian hospital there as an expression
OF American appreciation for It,llan
care OF Red Cross personnel III with
malaria
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
PYTHIANS CFBERWYN
ELECT 1920 OFFICERS

BERWYN, Md, Jan. 20.-These pf-
ficers have been elected by the local
lodge OF Knic hts of Pythias: II j
Bierman, council commander; j.
Fred kefauver, vice commander; w
b. Gamer, treasurer. and DR.. A. O.
Etienne, secretary.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
WHERE TO EAT

WkLL-t OOKED. APPETIZING FOOD
THE CENTURY.
I233 Pennsylvania ave.
18Th and Penn Ave " W nofb-sot
The Washington times., 1920-01-20

Funeral services for Miss Marie W.
Hol,am. eighteen years old. daugh' er
Of John Hollam. of DAME s. Park
near here who died Saturday are TO
be held today from st. yerome's Cath
Ollie Church, Hyattsville. the Rev. An
drew J. Carey, pastor, Off iating. In
terment will be in Mt. Olivet Gene
terry.
Physicians in this section state
there are in the neighborhood o. o
dozen we'l.defined cases of Influenza
in Eerwyn, College Park. and adjoln-
ing sections.
The Washington times., 1920-01-20
EMBASSY FOR CHILE.

The Senate has passed SR
suthorisins purchase OF an embassy.
building In Santiago. Chile,
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
TOLEDO WILL GET FOUR
DAYS NOTICE NEXT TIME
STREET CAR MEN STRIKE
BY Associated Press

BY Associated Press.
TOLEDO, Jan. 23.-The Toledo
Railways and Light company can
not again discontinue street car serv-
ice here without giving at least four
days notice in writing and deliver
ing copy of the notice to the clerk
of United States district court, &C
Cording to an order issued Friday
by John NJ. Kinftts of that tribunal.
The new order takes the place Of
definite extension or time beyond
Jan. Is, upon which Henry l. DOH
erty of New York, head Of the COM
pany that operates the traction sys-
tenn here, would again be privileged
10 withdraw the cars as he did last
November when the people APPROX
ed a council custer ordinance. Two
commissions appointed by Judge Kill
lifts have been engaged several
weeks in drawing up two plans Of
settlement. one is for the munich
pal purchase of the car lines and
equipment, and another an Ordi-
nance which would be satisfactory
10 Mr. Doherty and the city alike.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
FLU CLAIMS
SIXTH VICTIM
Within Week.-Mrs.. Ben IT,
tuS and Mrs. C.. A. Burk-
hart Die Friday.

Pneumonia claimed it's sixth vic
tim in Mishawaka during this week,
Friday morning, when Mrs. Ben
Titus, 4O9 W. Third St. died at 1880
O'Clock. Mrs Titus was taken i'll
Saturday, with influenza, which later
developed pneumonia
Mrs. Titus was formerly Miss
Flossie May Utterback and was
born in Richland county. III. Feb.
2, 1894 being % years, IL months
and Il days old. She came 10
Mishawaka in July 1918 and has
since resided here. On April 19,
1919 she was married 10 Mr. Titus,
who survives. She also leaves her
parents Mr.. and Mrs. Ctterback Of
this city, and the following brothers
and sisters: Oliver J.. Champaign.
III; Mrs. Homer y. Bailey. city; Paul
F. OF Champaign. III; Roy Utter
back OF this city; Mrs. w. b. Wenzel
of Chicago.
Mrs. Titus was a member Of the
First Christian church.
Funeral arrangements will be an
nounced later.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
FAMOUS BUFFALO
QUINTET HERE
Local Y. VI. C. A. Five to
Battle Hewitt Rubber Team
This Afternoon.

Real basket tossers viii romp on
the court at the Y. ". c. A. at 8
O'Clock this afternoon when the
Hewitt Rubber company five. OF
Buffalo. y. Y. pause here en- route
20 Chicago long enough 70 take on
Coach Coopers indicated Y. N. G.
A quintet
The Buffalo five is generally con-
coded 20 be the champ five OF the
world. In 1919 this team met tho
Buffalo orioles and defeated them
for the world title before 10000
spectators. the largest crowd that
mas ever witnessed q game Of the in
door sport The team has been
playing with the same lineup for
years and has developed a brand
Of team work that is said 20 be un-
canny. The members OF the five are
famous through the east for their
connection with the champion ag-
aregation and for their past per-
formances. They are. Hank Faust
captain and guard; Bert Lewis. cen
ter; Wire" Smith, forward. 'Dau-
Der" Templitz. guard. Hook
Scheilerman, forward. and Harry
Lang. guard. Art Swartz: manager.
will accompany the team.
The team has been on the road
for almost q month has played q
games and been defeated hut once.
The best amateur and professional
teams in the east have been met and
conquered Coach Cooper considers
himself fortunate in securing q
game with this outfit. its passing
through South Bend on the way 10
Chicago making the arrangement
possible. The local team viii use
the regular lineup and expect 20 give
the champs "A convincing argument,
if nothing better. All Of the locals
are in good shape and ready To go
ct Top speed. The game is sched-
uled 20 begin at o'clock and a ca
pacity house OF basketball fans is
expected 10 be on hand
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
MAY SELL CAMP TAYLOR.

bY ASsoCldltu AEtscs
WASHINGTON. Jan. "a With
numerous amendments, the house
bill making appropriations for the
Improvement and acquisition Of mill
tary camps was ordered reported
Friday by the senate military COM
mittee.
Sale OF Camp Taylor at Louisville.
Ky. IL congress in providing a per-
manent military policy should de-
termine 10 no longer necessary, was
provided for. With regard 10 Camps
Eustis. Virginia, and Gordon, Geor-
gia. the committee amended the bill
so as TO provide that sales in either
case should not be made before
June 80. 1921. Provision was. how
ever. made that no funds should
be expended by the war depart
ment for construction purposes at
any OF these camps.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
DODCE'S STATENTENT.

Sen. Lodge said the meeting was
to give information to senators pres
ent regarding the compromise nego-
tiations with the democratic COM
mittee.
They represent "a large body of
senators who want no change in the
Lodge reservations" said Mr.. Lodge
as he smiIingly crowded his way
through newspaper correspondents
waiting outside the conference room.
To the suggestion that all OF those
present except himself and Sen. New
are identified with the treaty's foes,
AIR. Lodge answered:
We must present the question 20
all sides. This was understood in
undertaking the negotiations with
the democrats. We republicans, in
meeting the democratic leaders, rep
resent nobody but ourselves. Any
thing we do is tentative and must be
referred 10 senators. Those present
today wanted 20 know what we had
done"
Beyond this Sen. Lodge declined
20 comment other than 10 state that
another bipartisan meeting OF the
leaders committee would be held
SATURDAY other senators in Fri
days council. however. stated that
no teXtual drafts OF proposed COM
promise reservations We're consi-
dered.
The principal protest OF the eight
senators TO Messrs Lodge and New.
il was stated. was against holding
any compromise negotiations what
ever with the democrats. and sec
ondly. against any change in the
Lodge reservations. This view was
outlined En- Sen. Johnsou's state
menJ after the conference broke up.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
MRS. STOKES AND 50
COMMUNISTS ARRESTED

By Associated Press
CHICAGO, Jan. 23.-Eighty-dve
members Of the communist party
we're indicted Friday by the spe-
eial grand jury probing radical ac-
tivities. Most prominent among
among them is Mrs. Rose Pastor
Stokes. said to be a member Of the
national executive committee OF the
organization. The grand jury We'd
nesday indicted IS officials of the
communist labor party.
Others nan1ed are John J. Baliem.
Boston. A. BittIeman, New York;
Macmillan Cohen. New York:
Charles Dirba, Minneapolis, Daniel
Elbaum, Detroit: Isaac T.. Ferguson,
Chicago: Louis @. F'raina. New York;
Nicholas L HourwiCh. New York;
X. &. Karosces, Philadelphia; and
Jay Ilovestone. New York. Paul
Petras, New York; Charles Is. Ruth
enburg. Cleveland: John Schwartz.
Boston. Alexander Stoklitzky, now
said to be in Mexico City; Oscar
TywerowslSy New York. and Harry
NJ. Wicks. Portland, ore. They are
said 20 be mem ers OF the national
executive committee of the cOmmu-
MIST party
Nicholas Hourwich. or New York,
Is said 10 be the editor of Novy Mir.
the paper on which Leon TrotzlSy
worked while i'm this country.
The 50 indicted are named in one
general conspiracy indictment charg-
Ing them with advocating overthrow
u. In "a
dition all but three are named in
separate indictments charging them
with violation OF Illinois new state
sedition law Bond was fixed by
Chief Justice Grove at $4,000 on
each count. or $4,000 for an but
three.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-01-24
LEE WATKINS.

Lee Watkins, "A years old OF
Union township. died at the home Of
his daughter at 1917 Lincoln way
W, Friday morning. following au
illness OF five days of pneumonia.
He is survived by his wife, Selccta,
and the following children, Mrs. +.
4. Burden OF Plymouth, Mrs. Arthur
Edwards Mrs. Albert Gregory, Ed
niger Watkins OF South Bend. Allen
Watkins CT Winterset, Ia, and Mrs.
Ida Bartholomew of Detroit, Mich
lie is also survived by the follow
ing brothers and sisters. Ezra Wat
kins, Osceola, Ind; George OF Mid
dleville, Mich; Adam Of Muskegon,
Mich; Mrs. Rosetta Rhoades Of
Plymouth. Ind, and Mrs. George
Cook OF Elkhart. Ind.
The funeral arrangements have
not been completed.