davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29
Herdsmen's Course at Ames.


Ames, Oct. 29.-The fourth annual
herdsmen's course will be given. at
Iowa State College beginning Jan. 10.
1921. This course is a two term
course, for men who expect to have
active charge of caring for purebrcd
herds and flocks.
The first term will be from Jan. 10
to March 20, 1921. The second term
is given year later. Between the
two terms the students are expected
to- be in the employment Of some
recognized purebred live stock breed
er. For those who have previously
had the first term work the second
term work will also be given this
winter.
The herdsmen's course provides for
both the technical and practical
training that is necessary to fit men
to care for purebred live stock The
course includes work in judging
market and breeding classes Of live
stock, care, feed and management,
fitting for show or sale, pedigrees,
breeding, live stock advertising, OBJ
stetrcs, forage crops and other
courses that are necessary to prepare
men to be competent herdsmen.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

TWENTY-FIVE years ago
Fred signer was a coal
.'passer' on the New
York Central-today he holds
the throttle of the Goth Century.
That's Fred Signer's record.
And every time Fred Signer
runs the big express youU JGnd
him IN Blue Buckle Orer-fNs.
He's found that Blue Buckles
stand up under all the rough use
they get around a railroad. And
millions of other men, whether
they are running trains, or work.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

bureaus and farm women WHO make
their own clothing Iand hats
Miss Miriam Birdscyei who has
charge Of the work for the national
extension service, Will be present,
More experts are now employed in
this phase of/cxtension work than
my other. This is the first meeting
OF a national character ever held by
home experts.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

Amos TO Hold Little international.
Special To Times Republican,.
Ames. oct "a live stock show,
patterned after the international live
stock show, is TO be held Nov. by
students of Iowa state Callege. 1t is
called the Little International"
College live stock is drawn by the
students. who prepare the animals
for the show ring. The stock is then
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

shown and judged according to the
way they are shown and fitted. The
students are awarded prizes, which
consist Of n number of loving cups.
This year SO many students wanted
to participate that all the cattle were
drawn and there were students left
over 1t is an animal affair and
draws a large crowd, 1t is in charge
of the Block and Bride Club
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

About six weeks agoil had another
of these attacks. and MAS in such
awful pain / almost gave UP hope.
This spell left me without any en-
ergv and SO weak could hardly walk
ac,s>ss the room.
"Tanlac has relieved my troubles
entirely. | am enjoying splendi
health now and am hrimful of new
strength and energy. Everyone should
know, of Tanfac..'
ranlac is, soid IN Marshalltown "
the Old Reliable Drug Company and
by all the leading druggists in other
towns.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-10-29

ting TO the polls there is every indi-
cation that u big percentage or the
Iowa voters will vote.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
COLLEGES face PROBLEM
| OF RETAINING TEACHERS
Heads Of Virginia Institutions Meet
Today to Discuss Vital
Issues,

Ways and means Of overcoming the
growing tendency among teachers to
give up teaching for moro profitab Bile
employment from financial stand
point. will feature the discussions of
the two days. conference of the. Asso-
opens with q dinner, tonight at the
Hotel Jefferson ut 1890 o'clock.
..,r The topic OF tho evening will be
dent Emile Mcyea, president OF Sweet
Rriar College: will preside.
Governor Westmoreland Davis heads
tonight. Other addresses viii be made made
BY Dr.; D. Il. Anderson, president Of
dent of The Radford Normal School
for Women: DIR. Faulkner, assistant
dean Sha Of the University of Virginia:
and Professor Charles e. Aiaphis'
secretary of the conference.
The gen t";I !, Topic for the evenings
heads: (1) curriculum, t2) relation to
t the state. (3) social activities, and t4)
cial world.
% Am @,T Virginia r Colleges represent
EEn mass aSa s isabetn GHiere Salem
Hampden- Sidney Collegc. Farmviile:
l,olins coilege. uoilins; Martha tia
w asninEton College, Abingdon; Ran
dolph-Macon Woman's College. Lynch
burg; Randolph Macon Collese, Ash
land: Richmondt College, Richmond;
Roanoke College. Salem; Sweet Rriar
ColleSe, Sweet Briar; University OF
Hirg l n a.. charlottesville; Virginia
Christian College. Washington and
Leo University, lexington: Westhamp
ton College. Richmond; William and
Mary COLLEGE. WILLIAMSBURG; Virginia
Military Institute. Lexington: EirSinia
Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburr:
Avcrett COLLEGE. Danvillc; Virginia In.
ternont, Bristol. and the state Nor
NAL Schools al Fredericksburg, Farm
vile. HarrisonburE. and East Rad
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
LAW SCHOOL LOSES HOME
BY SALE OF COLLEGE TRACT
Advance Realty Corporation Acquires
700 Feet on BrOnd Street for
500 0itn.

Because OF the sale OF the old Rich
mond College grounds, located be-
tween Ryltnd and I.ombardy Streets,
on the south side OF Broad Street, yes
tcrday to the Advance Realty Corpo-
ration the Richmond College law
school will be compelled to move be-
fore April 1.
Sale of the property By Richmond
College WAS consummated by Harri-
son & Eates and Pollard & BaGby yes
terday for thc sum of 100000. G. c..
Worsham and Archer G.. Jones head
the Advance Realty Corporation.
According to statements made last
night b. Mr.. Jones, the organization
proposes to build on the property.
either business houses or homes, TO
suit the client. The property fronts
700 feet on Broad street, and the deal
transfers what is said to be the larg-
est frontage owned by any one cor
poratlon on Broad Street.
The Richmond College law school
VIII move into the old college build
ing. known AS the Columbus Building,
q; Lonbardy and Grace Streets. There
are about seveniy-fiNc students at
tending the law school ut the present
time. and the school ia expected 10
move within the next ten days.
The Advance Realty Corporation
Will take possession OF the property
on April J.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
Today and Tonight
in Richmond

"virEinia" night Mt Richrt,und
Automobile Show at Grays' Arm
DRY from II to II.
Senate conrenes Mt Capitol mt II.
House convcncs at Capitol at IL.
Prcsidcnts' Club meets at Busl-
ness Meas Club mt !.
Credit mcn meet ut Business
Mems Club at I;15.
Richmond Nurses Club meets at
\. w. c. A. mt I.
Auxiliary Children'x Home Socle-
~ meets ut y. w. &. A. Mt 1.
Council subcommittee on Streets
at City Hail at =.
business W-oman's Council at Y.
w. G.. &. ut G:3U.
Association of Virginia Colleges
meets mt Jefferson Hotel at Z.
baptist Executive Council Mt
Grace Street baptist Church at s.
Current events class for Bust
ness Woman'a Club at Y. w. G, 4 /.
at $.
Rehearsal OF Richmond Commu-
nifty Chorus. John Marshall High
school auditorium mt :.
Council Committee on Finance
meets mt City Hall nj :.
Thurston ID. Price nj broad Street
Methodist Church mt S.
Retail Clerks Association ut
Murphy's loIcl mt S,I5.
L!ric-HaudeviIle, 3, 1850 and o.
Strand-Dark.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
STATE AUTO DEALERS
ARE GUESTS At SHOW
Plans Are Completed for "NIidnight
Whirl," tho Novelty Feature
OF EXpoSition.

Moro than 200 automobile dealers
from various parts OF the State met
hero. yesterday afternoon for tho an
nual convention OF the Virginia Au-
tomobile Dealers Association and last
night were entertained at the Rich
the Richmond Automobile Trade As
ISOLATION. -
.,o At = The conysntion ]. \. Kline was
treasurer and Louis Phelps, secretary.
Nice-presidents elected We're: John NJ.
Eisheyi Rorngko roon: Glyde Dgvq
Surrant. Danville. and p. L.. Bronze
automobile, merchants in the state.
who Will handle q volume Of business
TINS SGarlof s4o:oooooO. and were very
look as we'll as TO the prospect Of hav-
ing better roads in the State. improv-
ing automobile business as we'll us ,ho
value or property everywhere.
Ask Gasoline Test Law.
Tho association voted to affiliate
with the National Automobile Dealers
Association. Fifty new members were
ssrn add 5ae sspots of the ns off,
q tlourishing condition.
The report of the legislative com
various laws affecting the automobile
dealers of the state. Some of these
new bills were Endorsed while dis
oPPt CT VI ObitSiS Nao NOlCCo III
resolutions.
The association went on record as
favorins state test for all gasoline
eold in Virginia. 1t was reported that
Virginia has become a dumping ground
for gasoline of various grades since
other States are insisting upon dcnn-
tie standard.
Plan Midnight wkirl.
Plans for tho Midnight Whirl. which
will take place at the Woman's Club
tonight. were completed by Professor
Harry Boyleston last night. There
Will he all new numbers on the pro-,
gram and wo are going to give the
people OF Richmond a real show on
this OCCASION" said Professor Boyies-
ton.
Tonight has been designated vir-
Einia Night by the rnanae >ncnt OF
the Richmond automobile show in the
Gray's Armory.. Governor Westmorc
land Davis and the members OF the
General Assembly have been invited
to. attend in a body TO view the cx-
lIbi;s.
The crowd at the show last night
cQuailed that OF the two previous even.
ings. The entertainment program was
literally applaudcd. The Oakland Sis,
ters with their dancing and Miss I-.uricl
Matthews, comcdicpnc proved popular
numbers. Manuel White. Gerald Me-
Cormack and William NISSAN also re-
ccived a major portion of tho applause.
Nearly all OF the displays have beau
tiful flowers which add a sprins-like
tone to the occasion.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
1000 BOY SCOUTS IS GOAL
SET BY RICHMOND COUNCIL
Recruiting Campaign to Be Started
to Increase Membership of
ORGANIZATIONS

Richmond will have 1000 Boy Scouts
IN aoo the next few months instead of
campaign which was launched at a
meeting OF the local council OF the
organization. yesterday is completed.
| by President John Stewart Bryan. who
presided at the meeting and spoke on
Inc, Inc concentrates I, for Increasing the
| Every member of the council. thirty
! SIX in number. VIII have Charge OF
now no troop. Troops will range in
personnel from six 10 thirtytwo boys.
drive will be directed by Scout Execu-
tive Charles l.. Weaver. Members OF
the council will Interview pastors of
churches and leaders of mems Bible
classes to secure leaders who will con-
sent to take charge or n troop OF boys.
ono mouths training TO 1T him for
the work Of handling his troop.
Freeman Outlines Plnn.
Plans for the recruiting campaign
were outlined Mt the. meeting by DR..
scouting was too good for only 500
boys III Richmond. and that it was
good EN- gno.s for tor, oY Yer boy IN hmsr
OF the movement was tho making OF 4
higher type OF citizen He told MEM
their time and service would yield
rich premiums IN increased happiness
and in tho bettcrment of conditions
in the city. Or. Freeman said that
most OF the troops now organized were
full. and that new groups must be
formed where there was none at
present.
The call for leaders was sounded
by Or. Freeman and Deputy Scout
Commissioner Stuar. RaGland. who
both declared that tho boys were
ready to go into tho work. and that
tho great need was for men who would
act as leaders and direct troops. The
council Will meet again on Wednes-
day, March II. and reports on the or
Ganization Of now troops will be given
at that lime.
Scouts Have Good VIII.
In his short talk. President John
Stewart Bryan said that the Coy
Scouts OF Richmond had the good Will
OF the people OF tho city in larger
measure. perhaps, than Scouts in any
other city He said that competition
for places on the council would Inc
hotter than for municipal office II
everyone realized the great possibil!-
tics OF the Scout movement as leaders
in the work here did Practically
every member of this council was
present at the meeting, embracing the
most prominent and influential men in
Richmond.
DRY OF Thomas pinckney Bryan, pre-
pared by Branch Is. Morgan and y. p.
Wilmer. We're adopted by the council.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
COURT TWILL Be SWAMPED
II APPEAL BILL PASSES
Leading Lawyers Of State Condemr
Measure Pending in
I So House.
WILL HELP POWERFUL ONLY
Senator Robertson Declares Working
men Will Be at Mercy of Corpora
tions-Iack OF Confidence in
Judiciary.

Leading lawyers OF the State will
bring to bear determined protest
against the passage by the General AS
semb,y OF House bill No. 3o4. provid-
toins for appeals in practically all
cases to the Supreme Court OF Appeals
as q matter OF right. They declare
that such Practice viii inevitably result
as seriously 10 hinder consideration OF
cases which are plainly meritorious and
demand i1incdiaie attention.
IF the bill" said Senator A. Willis
Robertson, OF kockbridge. yesterday,
requiring oral arguments and written
opinions in all cases. is inspired by 4
calves, then the administration of JUS
i!ce IN the state has sunk TO a lowe.
ehb than has ever heretofore been
the Commonwealth"
Senator Gum Against Dill
Senator Julien Gum, OF Henrico, was
outspoken in his opposition TO the
oainon, would have TIE he eject fet only Of
placing on the calendar OF the court
many cases that should never reach
walton is sac eonesrned to o;hets Of e S
dent merit. Nothing. he declared. can
SO quickly bring law into disreputc as
the laws delays.
The hill was introduced in the House
by Delegate y. l.. PITS, Jr., OF Buck
sngham and Cumberland. and is now
Senator Rohertsons view OF the
iaNs: "lS expressed 'S M" as '0i'
III ouse bill No. so4 proposes 20 so
change tho law so as TO grant appeals OF
right in practically all cases. Its en-
aciment think. would b. a serious
work OF tho judges If oral arguments
are hca.ti ana opinions written in all
cases much valuable time will he taken
from cases Of merit and given to cases
4 of
SHY, mcritorious cases cannot receive
ING :.,I attention they ought to nave,
orally the defendants in damage ciscs.
and very onesous TO poor workmon.
whose needs are generally imnlediatc
end great. II isNhc very teeth o. the
policy OF tho worl<men's compensation
appeal is without merit it ia not likely
that they will change their minds on
aA oral argument.
Is EN FRrtc Presentations.
ne petition for the appeal is an OK
psrte presentation of the case, and, If
there is any doubt about the correct
ness OF the judgment, tho appeal is
giantcd. II the Judgment is plainly
~ parte application. five judges think
me JUDGMENT IL plainly righ; why
shou,d an appeal be granted? If tho
case. wnen the other side is not heard,
what hope OF reversal can be enter
iSinsd when both sides are fully heard ?
tIthe judgment appears 10 be plainly
ffignt why should, the loser be. given
5urther time or the winner be longer
Kent out o. his rights: Way. should
me litigants he put to the expense OF
printing The record and this delay in
CURED II the judges are OF the opinion
maj a., the Judgment is plainly right?
III the bill is inspired BY :. lacl;
81 confidence in the judges themselves,
Snen the ADMINISTRATION Of justice in the
tate mas sunk t. lower ebb than
gas eve! rereio:ore been known, and
L can Only say God save tho Com
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
COLLEGE TRUSTEES PLAN
LAUNCHING OF CAMPAIGN
LEnchhurg College May Undertake
Drive 10 Spread Christian Kc-
litsion ju lircinin

Trustees of the LynchburG College
Meld e meeting, last night at the Busi-
ness Mems club to discuss the launch
ing OF 4 campaign for Christian cduca-
ton IN Virginia
Judge c. L. Garnctt. DIR. J. r. Nc
oo ,, neIi, president OF East Eadford Nor
Hobbs: chairman of the board of the
l.ynfhburg College We're the speakers
on the need of the tcacliing Of a Chris
tian education in Virginia
the other speakers followed the same
topic.
Forty five men were present at the
meeting which was called for the pur-
pose o; holding Il conference between
tho board members. No executive ac-
ton was taken, the meeting being given
over TO discussion
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
SUBCOMMITTEE TO DECIDE
REVAL UATION PROGRAM
Will Meet This Afternoon To Formu-
late Recommendation to Streets
COMMITTEES.

Members Of the Council! Suocommit-
tee on Streets will meet this after
noon ~ O'clock TO decide finally
what part the city OF Richmond should
take IN tho revaIuation OF the prop
erty O. the Virginia Hallway and
Power Company, which is now under
way.
Although the committee was ap-
pointed by the Streets Committee in
December for this purpose there has
never been :. meeting OF the committee
nj which the entire committee was
present and FOR this reason no action
has been taken.
Edgar E, English, chairman o: the
committee. issued an uitiInatum Tues
day when il was found that part Of the
committee could not he present, thar
q meeting would be held today and
some definite course that the city pur-
sue shall Da recommended
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
BUILDING PERMITS TOTAL
$4,000 FOR YESTERDAY
oor Corporations VIII Erect Dwell
,hSs In Various Sections OF the

application Cor a pern:, TO alter and
eatsd at s25 East Main Street, a, a
total cost OF slc,o0C was filed yester-
gay With the building Inspector. BY J.
Application for 2 per.ri. to build ys,
maze oy Z. y. Troutnrr He PROMISES,
accoTdins TO the application, to cree;
In block Nv" between tia,,INSn,IJ - "a :
SeteNieW Streets 1T q cost o: Ss5t;n.
% permit was issued ]. Il. Hogan and
SaTti ior the t.rrction OF !. dwelling
estimated cost o! $4,000
Application OF the L.aburnuyn Cor
noLalon Tor permit TO erect a dwell
ing on W!imin2tUn Aycnuc. between
L.anlont and Gloucester Avenues al an
estimated cost OF j..SC0 was also
granted.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
$50 DOCTORS APPLY FOR
PRESCRIPTION PERMITS
virginia Physician. viii he ncuu;r,s
10 RECORD Each Case Where
Whisky Is Given

Record books 70. doctors 10 keen me
: ..nsn osI or prescriptions OF alcohol
uIescrlped by them may he Obtained !, :
re me ONCE OF the Federal .'rohibit:T1
commissioner. on the secon,i .innr :
$he Federal Building. -
an no case must the quantity OF alon
.!oI prescribed exceed on. pint OF wis
S:ey LOT each ten days. the colnrnissi5nc,
Approximately $50 doctors !, W.
g!nia have made application for - a
2.anEs necessary for prescribing wins
,5ny. NO pond is required TO ohtair, mi
Thirty-two druggists in Virginia
ave applied for permits 10 sell
atcoho!. Regulations relatives TO The
.m,,aahutacture, sale, delivery, furnish
liquor are now available. q
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
OLD MILEAGE TICKET RATE
WILL NOT BE REINSTATED
Railroads Have No Intention of Re
htOrinE liz Cent Rate of
Prc-War Days.

John d. Potts, passenger traffic man
ager OF the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail-
road, stated last night at the pres
cnt time tho railroads have no inten-
ton OF restoring the old 21-2 cent
rate on mileage tickets. as was the
universal practice before railroads
went under Federal control.
In 1915 mileage tickets were sold
1T rate of g l-2 cents q mile and
were purchased in books OF 1000
miles. When Federal control became
effective the government retained the
books, but eliminated the rebate and
made fiat rate OF cents mile on
ali travel. regardless Of length.
Mr.. Potts said that he could not give
IN opinion as to what course the rail-
roads will follow after reorganization
is complete. but at the present time
! the rate for all travel will remain as
under government operation.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
PRESIDENTS CLUB TO HOLD
MEETING TO ELECT OFFICERS
Organization Of HuxInes. Men stand.
sE.5sponsor Tor Proposed Daylight
49,. SAEinK HIan

members Of the Presidents Club win
noid their monthly meeting today at
saiect officers for the coming ycar.
Menibership in the Presidents' C-iuh
is Tinted TO the heads or live business
i i.l ofeanizations ~ the club meet
nations concerning matters Of pnhiic
interest are discussed ana decided upon
Twas through the efforts Of the Pres.
dents Elup that the daylight.sayjnr
ord mango was introduced in the con-
Gil by Morgan f. Mills several d. 10
sago the organiZation pledging itseIf
To- support daylight SAVING: can,nnitrn
several months ago at one Of its IT, p
meetings. 81 :
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
DOG AND GOAT OWNERS
MAKE RUSH TO CITY HALL
Dog Cntchcrs Out After stray Canine.
sts5sss Yesterday for First Tim.
stSsf4.g-ty This Season

DOG and goat owners are aockjnr N
The City Hall TO pa ytaxes on r. 90
animals and thus secure immunity f-oin
the cog catchers and already 3.0s7
iicsnses have been taken out 'S''
Cor the FIRST time this seaeon M
zoe. catehers went out ycs;erday after
sss. according to the figures on llcAosc.
sa61d whioh were returned last 80,
twenty-five goats have been licensed
there has also been 1895 licenses Tor
s3HNie doEs sold by the city and so
siicenses for female dogs IN
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
TRY $4,000 SUIT TODAY
Virginia Hallway and Power Com,an,
DEFENDANTS In Iustings Court,

Suit against the Virginia Passenger
and Power Company for $4,000 Will
be tried today. in the Hastings Court.
part ii. II. II. and j. j. Williams are
the Plaintiffs.
age done when an automobile DC.
cup!ed by the plaintiffs was struck by
q street car on July z, 1919. near EIeh.
teenth and Franklin Streets
under the new code In HustlnSs Court,
Fart H., and is expected to take two
days. ~ s[F' ~
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
SOUTHERN RAIL WAY OFFICES
BEING MOVED TO WASHINGTON
Assistant to President Next to Go,
Leaving Only Few in
oh

PREPARATIONS are being made by the
southern Railway to move the last OF
Washington: AT the present time only
the oiiicc OF II. L. Ga:lin, assistant to
the president OF tho line, Fairfax Har-
rlSon, yet remains in Richmond. The
office or T.. T.. Norris. which was also
here, has just been moved to Wash
ington. Within n few days Mr.. Cat
lin viii also move his Headquarters
This. VIII leave in Richmond only
the Offices OF the general freight agent,
his assistant, the superintendent OF
me richmond division and the district
passenger agent.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
COURT PARoLs BOOTH
Judge iticIardson Puts Man ON Probn-
ton After Pleading

G.. w. Booth pleaded guilty yesterday
IN the Hastings Court TO charge OF
serve fifteen days In Jail by Judge y.
{. Richardson. but was later paroIed
because jury failed to agrcc oil
son, who is charged with house break
ing and larceny, the prisoner was re-
;nanded to Jail and the jury discharge ed
ment.
George Tcachery. colored, was sen.
fenced to serve one month in jail when
of house breaking and larceny.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-03-04
suburbanites to Have Needing

Plans for inviting candIdates for
mayor and councilman TO speak will
nc discussed at meeting of the South
night at S:l5 o'clock in tho Fores,
iii schoolhousr
Means for securing street improve.
lection Will be also discnssod Ftrt
matter OF getting meeting place for
me orEanization VIII be discussed AZ
sphsidcrabie difficulty has, been exne
fenced IN tho past In securing a meet
ms place. /. Preston Carson vii! pre-