davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
WILL DELIVER COAL
WILL ACCEPT ALLIES ULTIMA
TuM coNDlTIoNALLY.
JUDGE SUGGESTS THAT ALL MEN
INVOLVED IN .WAlkoUT CON-
TRIBUTE TOWARD PAYMENT.
Western Newspaper Union News Service,

Western Newspaper Union News Service,
Spn. Belgium, July lB-The German
ministers are disposed to accept the
latest note OF the allies and to answer
In the affirmative without qualifica-
| ton. A formal decision will be taken
In the cabinet council, but the attitude
Of the ministers is that the agreement
Is as good as made. This also IL the
view Of Premier Millerand.
The Germans sent II note agreeing to
deliver to the allies 2,OOO,OOO tons OF
coal month under certain conditions.
To this the allies sent note which
was construed AS n virtual ultimatunl,
and In which the Germans were told
that they must reply "yes" or mo" as
to whether they would deliver 1000
900 tons OF coal II month uncOnditiOn-
ally.
DR.. SimOns, German foreign secre-
tary. said he had an hours conversa-
ton with Premiers MIllerand and
Lloyd George, In which they discussed
the essentials Of the allied reply.
Dr. SimOns was mensurubly recon-
| ciled to the allies solution. Tension
In greatly relaxed at German head
| quarters.
Premier Lloyd George seemed to be
In good spirits this evening, hut when
asked by !. correspondent If he thought
the Gerinuns would accept, said:
Il cannot say. DIR. Simons is II rea-
sonublc opponent. but he has insati-
able men with him
Los Angeles. Calif-Five railroad
men. convicted OF having violated the
Lever act by participation In the
switchmcn's strike last April, were
sentenced to pay fines OF $l,SOO each
by Judge B. +. BledsOe In the United
States District Court here.
The men upon whom fines were i'm
posed were Il. W. Canaga. Barstow,
Calf, and william q. Funnon. Oscar
+. Lefever. A. n. Miller and Clyde II.
lsrigg of Los Angeles. Calf.
In passing sentence Judge BledsOc
at first stated the men should stand
committed until the fines were paid,
but he later modified his ruling. grant
ing stay of execution for the ninety
days.
Judge Bledsoe stated he considered
every man who engaged In the strike
equally guilty with the five who were
convicted.
He said he believed NIL OF the xtrlk-
.rs should share In the punishment and
expressed the hope that the fellow
workers Of the convicted men would
help pny the fines.
Forty were indicted for alleged par-
ticipation In the strike. The cases
| against nine were dismissed before
rial. OF the remaining thirty-one. five
were convicted, fourteen acquitted and
| In the case of twelve the Jury dis.
agreed
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

A young couple from Virginia visit
ing the Metropolitan Art museum.
were accompanied by an old familiar
"mammy." She suggested that she
would remain in the veshbule while
they made a more extended tour Of
the galleries. Finding her seated as
indlfferently as they had left her. the
young man asked: "Well, Auntie, how
did you enjoy this wonderful statu-
aryr'
Oats whut you calls 'em. Is itr''
she replied. "Well, honey, Use washed
an dressed you, and Use washed and
dressed your pa before you. % lsokin'
at dem amt no recreation to me-
Milwaukee Journal.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Chateau Thlsrry Dedicated.

Chateau Thierry..--'rhe battlefield at
Chateau Thierry. where American
troops fell with the French. has been
consecrated by the presentation OF the
Legion Of Honor and the CrOix de
Guerrc upon the town OF Chateau
Thierry. The decorations were given
In honor Of Hill 2O4, where the Ameri.
cans and French under General De-
Ioutte. with the French army Of Gen.
ernl ManGin on the left. launched their
attack on the second battle Of the
..irne on July 10. 1918.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
ASPIRIN

"Bayer Tablets of Aspirin Is genU
Inc Aspirin proved safe BY milliona
and prescribed by physicians for ovss
twenty years. Accept only an unbrokes
Slayer package" which contains propei
directions to relieve Headache, Tooth.
ache, Earache. Neuralgia, rheumatism,
Colds and Pain. Handy tin boxes Of II
tablets cost few cents. Druggists also
eel. larger "Bayer packages" Aspirin
b trade mark Bayer Manufacture Mon
baceticacidester Of Salicylicacid.-
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES evacuation Of
Batum by British forces IN reported to
have been contingent upon agreement
ON the part Of the Georginn republic
to u British concession to build n rail.
way from Rntum to knrn. free passage
through Georgia Of goods destined for
other countries, and the City OF Bstunl.
This railway route would connect at
Kara with the line to Tabrix, Northern
Persia. and would eventually connect
with the overland route from Tsheran
to India.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

Busnos Aires.-Fivc fishing b0ats
have been lost and fifteen others sunk
~ Z result Of Q storm In the harbor
Of Mar del Platn. no miles southeast
Of this city. II 10 believed that twenty.
four seamen were drowned. A pscu.
liar feature Of the storm caused Z
shutdown Of electric power composites
here. The high wind which blew down
the Plata river drove the water into
the estuary to such an extent that the
power companies were unable to se.
cure water 70 run their plants
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Job for Mother,

As the notorious ratified and roared
on Its way the small and solemn
youngster stared unflinchingly at the
old gentleman who sat opposite him.
Presently his relentless gaxe began
to create diversion; he winked At
the small boy.
But he felt even more embarrassed
when the youngster turned to his
young and pretty mother. and said. IN
shrill, clear tones
Mamma, wink at that mani"
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

IN Los ANGELES
NO SERIOUS INJURY DONE
LATER AovicEs ARE THAT Ex.
cITEMENT HAS SUBSIDIZED.
BRYAN OR BILLY SUNDAY
WOMEN WILL CONTEST FOR VICE
PRESIDENCY At THE PRoHiel.
TON NATIONAL CONVENTION.
Western N.x,p.per Union New. s.r,,s..

western Newspaper Union News Service.
Los Angeles, Calf, July 11.-Thres
severe earthquake shocks created ex.
element throughout Los Angeles and
its suburbs. caused damage Of a minor
nature to number Of buildings and In
flicted physical injury upon several
men. women and children. A chimney
on II tall building In the downtown sec.
ton just north OF the entrance to the
Third street tunnel fell across Third
street to the south side: pare of an
embnnkment near the entrance to the
Pacific electric-municipal tunnel In
North Hill street caved in. The two
tunnels are about four blocks apart.
The morning temblor shook mortar
from brick walls and plaster from
walls and ceilings sending four per.
sons to the receiving hospital with
minor injuries and frightened the ma
jority of the population. The shock AT
I % was followed 80 closely by the
third at 30 that 1t was difficult to
tell Just what damage could be attrib-
utcd to either OF those two.
A man was taken to the receiving
hospital with II broken leg. His in.
jury was said to have been caused
when II brick fell from IL building at
FIRST street and Broadway and
knocked him down.
Business In many establishments
came practically to a standstill after
the third shock. and thirty minutes
later crowds still We're gathered In
the streets. either fearful OF return
ing to work or Interested In learning
the extent Of the damage.
Cracks In the fronts and wallis Of n
few buildings were reported after the
second and third quakes. and hOspi.
tails In department stores were over.
flowing with faintinE and hysterical
women shoppers.
A piece Of coping at Market and
Main streets fell and struck 4 fire
alarm box. turning In an alarm. The
response Of the fire department and
rumors flying through the streets
caused some persons to s.,nJ In call
for ambulances. which was promptly
responded to.
A piece OF iron fell from the top
OF building nj First and Mnin streets
and inflicted n severe wound upon the
scalp Of George Zurich. He was treat.
I'd ut the receiving hospital.
Los Angeles, July ia sharp
earthquake shock, the fourth since
10 10 o'clock was felt here ut 8:l3
O'Clock tonight. There was no dam.
age reported.
Los Angeles. July 17.-Excitemcnt
resulting from the earthquakes had
subsidized early this morning and condi.
lions were norihAl. The usual down.
town crowds were on the streets In
the early hours Of the evening and the
people went 10 bed apparent without
concern or uneasincss.
Lincoln. Neb.-Wiiliam Jennings
Bryan ar ". A. (Billy) Sunday are
the two most talked of candidates On
the Prohibition ticket. according to W.
q. Underwood OF Minneapolis. MIMI.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

and nervous, could not eat and vas
dizzy. After took the Vegetable Com.
pound could work and eat. Now I
am strong and recommend your medi.
cine tony friends. "-irs. ANNA SLEvA,
25 East 18th Street, Bayonne, N. ].
Women who recover their health. nat
urally tell others what helped them.
Some write and allow their names and
photographs to be published with testi-
monials. Many more tell their friends.
II YOU need 4 medicine for women's
ailments, try that well known and
successful remedy Lydia E. Pink
hams Vegetable Compound. Write
lydia E. Pinkham Medicine Co. ICON
fidentiaD for anything you need to
know about these troubles.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Argentina Capture. jap Trade.

Seattle, Wasl.--Guiilcrmo L. Agufrre,
consul general of the Argentine Repub.
lie at Toxic and formerly consul gen,
erai for Argentina ut San Francisco,
arrived from the Orient on the 18th.
Trade regulations between Japan and
Argentina grew extensively during the
war;" said Mr.. Aguirre, "and while
things are little quiet in Il commercial
way, they are In II good state"
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Fedora, Labor Official. Head.

Scattle.-Frnnk Il. Hoffman, Min
neapOlis, head of the Minnesota State
Industrial Insurance Commission, was
elected president of the Association of
Government Labor Officials OF the
United States and Canada 1t the con-
clusiOn Of the seventh annual conven-
ton Of the organization here. Nav Or
lenns was chosen MS the 1921 cOnvSn.
tiOn city.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
To Auction Mumm'. Champagne.

Paris-Eight million bottles OF cham.
payne will be among the items on the
lists OF commodities to be placed on
sale July 2Sth, when the sequestered
property of Baron Walter de Mumm
will be auctioned off at his estate near
Rheims. This property WIS seized In
1915, subsequent to the baron's resump-
ton Of German citizenship when the
war began.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Railway Union Head. Meet.

ChIcago.-Chiefs OF the big railway
labor unions are already arriving In
Chicago to attend three.dny confer.
cnce scheduled to start next Monday
to discuss the wage award which the
United States railway Labor Commits.
sion has Indicated 1t will announce on
July 20.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Bribery ,nd,e.m.n. o,sm,s..d.

San Francisco. cAlif.-A bribery in.
dictment against Police Judge !. ]. Sui.
Ivan was dismissed In the Superior
Court here upon motion Of Attorney
General Webb. who told the court that
there was not sufficient cOrrObOrativs
evidence to convict him.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Woman Named Major.

WHAhington.-Mis Julia l. Stimson
OF New York has been appointed by
Secretary Baker, Ms superintendent NJ
the army nurse corps, with the rcln.
tive rank Of major. She received the
ID. =. NJ. and the British Il. X. Z. for
services In the nurse corps during the
war.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Pest houss Stolen.

Connelsvilie. PAN outbreak OF
smallpox here resulted In disclosure
that the municipal hospital. II half mile
from the city line. had been stolen. As
n result the victims Of the disease are
being quartcred In tents.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
FINLEY 10 hsad Of Rainbow.

Birmingham. Ain.-COl. Matthew 4.
FINLEY OF Council Bluffs, Iowa, com.
m,under Of the l8Sth Iowa regiment In
the World war, was elected president
of the Rainbow Veterans Association
ut Its first reunion here. Cleveland.
Ohio. was selected us the next convcn.
ton city.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
AIlIes and Austria Ratlfx.

Paris. July 11.-lhe exchange Of rat.
ificntions of the treaty OF st. GERMAN.
which established pence between the
allies and Austria. took place this
morning In the clock room Mt the for.
eign office. Jules cambon presided
over the ceremony.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Spiritual SPANKING.

"Willie." exclaimed the young widow
to her recaldtrant offspring. IF you
don't behave yourself and come in the
house right away I'll get ont the ouija
board and have your poor. dear papa
give you q food coldlng."-AmericaA
Legion Weekly.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Republicans Open Labor svrsau.

New York. - II. l.. F'ldler. specin,
representative Of the Republican mn.
tlOnnl committee on labor affairs. has
arrived here from Chicago to open u
New York office Of the party's labor
bureau.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
RED" ARMY
IS SHATTERED
REGIMENTS SURPRISED AND OF.
sTRoYEo BY GENERAL WRAk-
GEL ON SOUTHERN FRONT.
10000 REDS CAPTURED
REPORT ADDS THAT 100000 COS
SACKS JOINED WRANoEL's
ARMY.
Western Newspaper Union News Service.

western Newspaper Union News Service.
London. July 19.-FOrces of General
Wrangel, unti-BOlshevist leader on the
southern front, are reported to have
surprised and virtually desire. ed eight.
cen BOlshevist cavalry regiments, cap,
tured the cOmmander-in-chief and his
staff, made prisoners of 10000 soldiers
and captured sixty guns and three ar.
mored trains, says II Helsingfors mes.
sage to the Central News. The report
adds that 100000 Cossacks Joined
Wrnnsrl's army.
Washington.-Detnil of the treaty
between soviet Russia and Lithuania,
signed only July IL. fixing the bound.
AIRY line between the two countries
were received ut the Lithuanian legu.
ton In an official cablegram from
Kovno. The new line starts on the
east ut Dryu and runs south through,
BraslOvO and MOlOdechO on the river
Niomen, and thence west to the river
SvisiOch. Only about twenty miles OF
boundary on the Polish frontier remain
to be settled, 1t was said, before all the
limits of l.ithunnia are fixed.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
lAplEs CAN WEAR sboEs

One sise smaller and shoes last longer afses
esin! Ansn's foot.Dass. the aattssDeis
powder for the feet. Shaken inte Tie skess
and .prinklsd In the foot bath. Allea's
Foot=Hass makes tight or nsw Shoes fool
easy; gives instant relief to coras aaA buA.
Ions prevents Rlisssrs. Caileus aad 0ess
spots It's the greatest eomfort AtscoveV
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22

was nominated for vice president.
Chicago. July 16.-I'he labor group
was dominating when the new fusion
party adopted u platform in prepara-
tiOn for nomination Of candidates. Aft
er the convention had adopted the
name Of the Farmer.Labor party the
rest Of the time was spent in nominal
ton speeches.
There was no nomination on the first
ballot The result of the first ballot:
Total vote, $3.50. Malone 1868, Debs
Us, Christensen 1911. Ford l2.3, Fra
zier 0. Bigelow Z, Post IL.
The convention then voted to drop
all candidates except Malone and
Christensen, and proceeded with the
voting on the second ballot.
J. A. II. Hopkins, WHO was watching
the Farmer-Labor party's progress, de.
clared MS ballOting started that the
new party had had wonderful OPP
pOrtunity and missed it,
The Labor party got the two con.
ventiOns together. he said. land then
kicked everybody in the face" A steam
roller. Hopkins added, cranky prob
ably IN spots, but very efficient" had
been used and the labor group "was
dominant and in control"
OBJECTIONS from the ranks of the
new party began when 1t was shown
TINT the minority report would be over
whelmingly defeated. james Ferguson,
former governor of Texas. was the
first to openly pull out Of the meeting.
He was followed by delegates from
several states. none Of whom was iden-
titled with the Labor party.
\ near stampede developed when
an attempt was made to forestall In.
PRODUCTION Of the majority platform
by the submission to the convention of
u report that was reputed to be accept.
able to Senator Robert n. LaFollette.
The senator's friends declare the con.
vention was boss ridden and clique
controlled" and that the senator's own
platform ideas had been buried In re.
crct committee meeting.
The storm broke with nll the fury
Of a riot, and l.aFOllette delegates were
quick to seize the psychological mo.
ment to spring their presidential boom.
A big photograph Of the senator, flag
draped, ind u huge red banner In.
scribed with his name were swung be.
fore the convention and the demon.
strstiOn was ON. 1t lasted about three.
quarters Of mn hour.
Then II move WAS made to read the
senator's platform. but IL was blocked
by the decision OF the chairman that
the majority report Of the committee
on resolutions was before the conven.
Lafollette platform WIS never brought
up again.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Mine Workers to Strike.

Scranton. Pa.-Six thousand mime
workers employed by the Pennsylvania
Coal Company are. about to 10 on
strike.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
Massaas for psafnssa.

Wuuoa8o Sof O00S60o6
Hearing has been restored to more
than two-thirds Of his accidentally
deafened patients BY q French physt-
clan who messages their ears With
sound Waves.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
RADICALS IN CONTROL
CHRISTENSEN WON OVER OUD.
LEY FIELD MALONE, 1879 TO ia.
SALT LAKE LAWYER NOMINEE
FOR PRESIDENT; HAYES FOR
VICE PRESIDENT.
Western Newspaper linton News Service.

Chicago, July 16.-Parley p. Chris
Jensen, Salt Lake City lawyer. was
nominated rs the presidential candI-
date for the new Farmer-LabOr party
by its convention Christensen, men,
Der Of the committee OF fOrty-elght,
was chosen on the second ballot. Chris
Jensen was elected over Dudley Field
Malone Of New York by vote Of 1867
to TAG. Max s. Hayes Of Cleveland
was nominated for vice president.
The Arvada enterprise. (Arvada, Colo.) 1908-1970, 1920-07-22
NOW FREE
FROM PAIN
LYDIA {. Pnkhan'. Vegetable
Compound Frees AnetAer
Woman From Ssffefnig.'
Bsyonne, N. Before I was mar.
Eied I suffered . great deal with period.

CeI m 4 ~"
pains In my side and
back and also bead
aches, and got %
weak ! could not do
anything. l. took
Lydia E Pinkham's
Vegetable Com
pound and soon felt
better. Now ] am
married and have
two little boys. Be-
fore the first one
came ] was weak
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1920-07-01
BAMBERG, S. c., THURSDAY, JULY l, 1920
CHARGED WITH ASSAULT.
Principals Members of Promi-
nent Families.

Lexington, June 26. - Charged
with having criminally assaulted
young white woman, the wife of a
Lexington county man, Warren c..
Yonce, a young farmer and member
of prominent LeXing gton family, was
lodged in the county Jail at noon to-
day by Sheriff Sim J. Miller. The
crime is alleged to have been COM
mitted yesterday afternoon, when, it
is claimed, Yonce was requested to
take the young woman to the home of
her father. While on the way, it is
said, he forced the young woman to
leave the machine and then assaulted
her.
When she reached her fathers
home, it is said, that she told of the
alleged assault and that an investiga-
ton was made. Relatives came to
Lexington at o'clock this morning
and told Sheriff Miller of the alleged
deed.
Yonce denies emphatically that he
committed the crime or that he even
placed his hands on the young wo,
man. He calims that it is ''put UP
game and that he will be able te
establish his innocence. The defend
ant is married and has several child
ren.
His accuser is prominently con,
nected in the county.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1920-07-01
The Uproar's Cause.

What was all dat transplavicatln
and gwine-on at de chapel last night,
sah?"
1--WE done had fl minutes O. silent
pra'r, sah," replied good old Parson
Bogus, "who am blessed wild mo zeal
dan sense, thought of something so
fittin' to denunciate to de Lawd bout
Goat Simmons, de gamblin' man, dat
he wanted de whole cong egation to
hear it too:r So he hollered it right out
loud, and dar was a chorus of amens
fun most everybody but Brudder
Goat. 1t was too 'gropriate to be
pleasant to him. Stidder which he
done fell upon Brudder Bogus, and it
took mighty nigh all de rest of us to
pry him loose and exterminate him
into disquietude. Dat, sab, goes to
prove dat when yo' pray, and ee-spec-
tally when yo' wants to read a block
shaped brudder's title cl'ar, yo better
20 into yo' closet, like de Scripter
says, and dar suppercate in secret
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1920-07-01
Topping Tobacco.

Clemson College, June 25.-To-
bacco under proper conditions grows
very rapidly and soon forms seed
pods that have to be pinched out. This
is called "topping.' AS uniform ma
turity is desired, it is we'll to allow
a large portion of the seed buds to
form, perhaps now and then allowing
one to bloom, before commencing to
pinch them out. Experience is the
only teacher in this case, says r. E.
Currin in Extension Bulletin 49, To-
bacco Culture in South Carolina. TAX
ing everything into consideration, it
is advisable to top "too high" rather
than "too low" In other words, it is
best to- leave too many leaves on the
plant to mature than too few. On
ordinary land, with ordinary fertiliza-
ton, from twelve to sixteen leaves
may be left. On richer or more highly
fertilized land, more leaves should be
left to mature.
After topping has commenced, it
should be continued until all of the
plants are topped; and, as the aim
of topping is to get the tobacco to
mature uniformly, the small, yellow
and late plants should be topped
, lower than the early and more Wig
orous ones.
AS soon as topping is begun, suck
ers'' will form in the axis Of the
leaves. These suckers must not be al
lowed to develop, and must be pulled
off as fast as they get large enough,
or else the tobacco plants will be re-
tarded in their full development OF
leaves. 1t is surprising how fast these
suckers will grow. Generally from
two to three suckers will have to be
removed from the axis of each.
KEEP THEM OFF.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1920-07-01
REFUSED TO OBEY ORDERS.
Mexican AviatOrs Declined to Perpe'
trate Barbarities.

Mexico City, June 26.-By order
ing bombardment of defenseless
towns held by the Sonora revolution
lists President CarranZa lost forty OF
his fifty aviators, according to Lieut..
Luis Preciado de la Tore, adjutant
of the First Flotilla of the Mexican
air service.
Capt. Liez Martinez and [ issued
a manifesto at Mexico City, declaring
that we would not obey such orders
which would mean the repltlton OF
the aerial barbarities practlced by
Germany upon the towns of Bel
gium,'' Lieut.. de la Tore said today.
s:The towns we we're ordered to
lombard were Cuernavaca and Cua-
utla. Morelos, and other places IN
that region. Some of us, including
myself, did fly over the places indi-
Gated, but we dropped our bombs
where we knew they would do no
harm
The air strength of the Mexican
army consists of about sixty planes.
In addition the service has about
fftv-five motors, to be used in planes
of Mexican manufacture. A shipload
of $50 horsepower Italian machines
are en- route to Mexico, according to
Lieut.. de la Tore.
The Mexican aviation school, closed
bv Carranza about two months ago,
will reopen shortly, according to the
lieutenant. Seven thousand appllca-
tions for enrolment have elready
been received, despite the fact that
rigid entrance requirements, tending
to make aviation a professional ca
reer, have been established.