The evening herald., 1920-12-29
Of
RAPPALO IS
RECOGNIZED
Poet Warriors Revolt at
Fiurne Comes to
an End


been given by. D'AnnunxIo's repre-
sentaiives at the Abbazzia conferences
with General Ferrario. II Is Indicated
in a report received here today from
General cavigiia. commander OF the
italian regular forces at Fiume.
FIUME. Dec. 29.--oabriele Dan.
nunzlo early today surrendered all
his powers to the Fiume communal
council.
General cavigila. commander %
the regular Italian forces. win ar
range the conditions OF peace with
a delegation OF the council today.
A conference for the purpose OF
arranging the final cessation OF hos
uiities between the regular italian
forces OF General caviglia and D'Aa-
nunzios DICTIONARIES was set for this
morning. Meanwhile. all military
operations have been suspended.
Seizure OF the port OF Flume IN
September. 1919. BY Gabrielle Dan
nunzio. Italian poet-warrior, ut the
head OF 5000 volunteer grenadlers
and arditI, was the dramatic climax
to 2 controversy reaching back to the
treaty OF London, concluded in the
spring OF 1915, between Italy and the
allied powers, under which Italy en-
tered the war against the central
powers.
The treaty asslgued the part q
Tyrol south Of the Brenner Pass, as
well as Trieste. Gorilla. latria and
section Of the Daimatian literal TO
Italy. but gave Fiume. the sonport
Of Hungary. to Croatia.
When the war ended. Italian ma
tionaiists, including D'Annunzio. de-
handed that Flume, with ita prepcn-
derant Italian population, should bo
given TO Italy, an act that would have
required the revision OF the treaty
OF London. The italians, however.
invoked tho principle OF 'seif-de-
termination enuuciated by President
Wilson and pointed TO the fact that
the population OF Fiume, upon the
dissolution OF the Hungarian
empire, had proclaimed through their
national council, the union % Fiumo
with Italy,
Croatia, now part OF Jngo-Slavia-
| onposed the claim on the ground that
| sussak. an important suburb OF Fs-
ume and part of the city itself, was
overwhelmingly Jugo-slav. In addi-
tiOn the Croatians charged thar,
whereas Italy already had an excess
| OF valuable ports. their country and
the adjoining lands needed Fiume a.
their only outlet 10 the sea. This
position won the support OF President
| Wilson who was subsequently de-
nounced by DAnnunzio and his
sympathlzers as the only obstacle 10
the realization OF Italy's aspirations
President Wilson's view, however,
was shared By the British and
| French.
Backed by Italian public opinion.
| the Italian delegation to the fariG
/ peace conference, headed BY Premier
/ Orlando and Foreign Minister Son
nino, refused to yield Italy's claims.
In April, 1919, the crisis came TO a
head when President Wilson threat
ened to withdraw from the CONFER
ence, He issued public statement
sustaining the pact OF London insofar
as Il related to Fiume. Receipts o.
the document in Italy preeipitated
numerous anti-Wilson outbreaks IN
| which DAnnunzio took leading
part. Meanwhile, Orlando and Som
nino quit the Paris conference aud
returned TO Rome where they were
received with wild acclaim hy the
people. Tho Italian chamber cf dep
uties adopted a vote OF eonfidenea In
the Orlando ministry. Later, how
ever, the two statesmen returned 10
Paris at the invitation OF their col
leagues and participated In the nego-
tlati0ns aud the signing VI the AUS
trian peace treaty.
Failure TO reach a satisfactory sofn-
ton OF the Fiume embrogllo. how-
ever. was one OF the principal cans1n
OF the downfall OF the Orlando min
istry on Jgne 10. 1913, and 4 was
succeeded By the moderate Nittl cab
met, whose 8elaction exasperaied the
Italian nationRligfa nn0 waF TN fure
runner OF tho D'Annunzio coup d'etat
the following September
Wen Over GeueTat
Fiume. az the Tins Ut the entry of
the DaAnnunsiu forcet Wat unftf f4t
military centred of 0errral pitsHlu1I
~ the Italian army. The Fel4H
had led a strong delachitoni b lI
outskirts Of the city ~ intercept no
invaders who hae aFfuored
bilcs anG were armed with uAt''i1t
Gun1 h'Anuuh4fo nINt nIul N|Ia lN4
anlulatlQni II uneqfalana feN woN'N
fire upon your hftIhlen tfHtHH
his hreastl Nfe urFr us1i' 3
- y u ".