davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
Individual Interests of the Nations
Rather Than the Needs of the
Poles, Guide Policy

obstacle to such an alliance, after
Poland, is France. The French would
fight the Reds, but mainly with
British and American troops. Has
not France made the great sacrifice
IN the German war; are not her dead
far more numerous than British and
American combined, her provinces
devastated where American and
British fields are intact, her gains
from victory sight, while British
gains are enormous? Is it not for the
British and Americans to meet this
new danger, the peril to France, as
to themselves? Such is the French
logic, but for Poland it leads to
nothing. 1t falls upon deaf ears in
London and Washington, or, rather,
it arouses impatient responses in
both quarters.
A Test of the League
To me the Polish affair seems a
clear test Of the efficacy of the
league. The conflict between Poland
and Russia is war, nothing more
unmistakable. Poland is a member
of the League Of Nations, another
fact indisputable But Poland in
peril, threatened with extinction,
the League OF Nations is as mute
and impotent as the Hague Tribunal
in the days Of the approach of the
World War. If there is any policy
or purpose in the Geneva assem-
bly, the world does not know of it.
But if there can be war while the
League of Nations remains uncon-
cerned, if one of the states within
the league can be destroyed in point
of fact, whatever the diction, then
what is the future efficacy of the
league?
1t is a fact that barely year aft
er the creation of the League of
Nations it has signally failed to pre-
vent war. 1t is idle to allege that
this failure is due to American fail
ure to ratify the treaty. Such rati-
fication would have exercised no in
f1uence over Russian purpose, it
would not have restrained Polish
military operations. We could not
have done what the members of the
league have failed to do, namely.
control either Russia or Poland.
Nor is it less a fact that the COM
ing of the war has demonstrated
that at least three great powers,
themselves signatory to the treaty,
Britain, France and Italy, are tax
ing such action as they have taken
without regard to the league, but
solely with reference to their own
domestic or foreign interests Au-
thority, moral or material, the
League of Nations has not revealed
at any moment during the crisis pre-
cipitated by Polish affairs. Let any
one try to discover any difference
between the situation in 1914 and
1920 which can be ascribed to the
League Of Nations and he will find
it to be non-existent.
Ends in Talk
The diplomats are talking, the
responsible ministers consulting. as
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22

they did just before the World w..
but the international machinery 8.
preserving world peace is not INV
ing a wheel, has not turned u,ha,
since what in any other age wonld -
called major war entered int =.
decisive phase.
theoretically the world should no,r
spring to arms to defend pol..,
from extinction; theoreticau,. :.
should have regulated Polish nol;n
from the outset, accepting resuon.
sibllity but imposing its own vis,,.
as to methods; but it did notbirr
when Poland was preparing to A..
it is doing nothing now when tb.,
Polish action has led to ruin.
And the reason is obvious. In ma
ments Of acute personal danger va
may think internationally-tha, i
"e may consider how many peoples
IN danger as we are, will help Is n
meet the common foe. But save IN
such moments when the peril is per.
sonal we are bound to think per.
sonally. The Vistula is remote from
the Thames and the Potomac Sjnca
American popular judgment il
against the Reds, President Wilson
reprobates them amid popular au-
plause; since labor has acclaimed
the Russian Revolution in Britain.
Lloyd George scolds the Poles; since
Polish collapse threatens French Sc.
curity, Paris alone calls for common
action,
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
League Did Nothing

But nothing of the sort happened.
Military men warned the Poles
against too wide extension of their
lires, Western statesmen made clear
their hope that Poland would attack
and win, while covering their home
fronts by reading into the record
OF secret conferences formal and
face-covering protest The League
of Nations did nothing to encourage.
nothing to prevent, the offensive. 1t
was, in fact, no more than a case
where the Western powers, through
their statesmen, suffered if they did
not inspire an attack, with the inten-
ton to excuse themselves bv disclaim-
ing responsibility if it failed, but
with the clear perception that sue
cess would enormously advance their
own policies.
1t is nothing short of sheer COW
ardlce now to attempt to saddle Po-
land with the whole responsibility
for the campaign which ended in dis
aster. 1t is not less Grass inveracity.
All the Western governments hoped
that the Poles would defeat the Reds,
tor they recognized quite accurately
that the Reds were their enemies.
recognized that the Polish operation
was only one more such a venture as
they had themselves indulgcd in SO
frequently following the armistice.
Allied policy was no more than the
brutal determination to let Poland
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
From The Detroit Ne1Us

nine and Trotzky, provided only they
give superficial assent to the from
tiers fixed by the Paris Conference
and by word acknowledge the indie
pendence of Poland.
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
Polands Plight and Its Bearing on the League

but suppose he did believe that the
United States as matter Of honor,
as a matter Of wise policy, since
Bolshevism is our enemv. ought
therefore to send troops to Warsaw
is 1T not an obvious fact that do
mestic political conditions and con-
troversies would make it impossible
Tor him to carry out such a policy
and impolitic beyond limit to pro-
claim such purpose?
But unless the League of Nations
IS league, insuring security and in
dependence to all countries, large and
small, which join it, what, after all
is it? If Russia can crush Poland
to-day and Rumania tomorrow.
swallow the border tribes as one eats
an artichoke, leaf by leaf, what value
for the border tribes to join the
league? How much wiser for them
to make terms at once with their
eventual master, the enemy against
whom the league and the Western
nations will not protect them. Must
1t not look to these border tribes as
IT the larger nations within the
league were only interested in using.
never in assisting, the small ma
tions?
In Paris, Clemenceau, Wilson
and Lloyd George laid down the law
to the unhappy Serbs, Poles, Ru-
manians and Greeks; threatened
them with dire vengeance if they
did not obey the decisions of the
Big Four; imposed upon them
settlements which not only did vio-
lence to their rights but compro-
missed their security. But now, when
at least one of these wards stands
on the brink of final ruin, what are
Britain, France and the United
States doing to save them? Just
nothing. Lloyd George is talking di-
rectly to the Reds with something of
the traditional tone that nervous pco-
pie sometimes adopt toward wild ami
mails. 'Pretty tiger, did the naughty
Poland step on his toes? Well, he
should be punished-but not eaten"
So much from the British Prime
Minister.
American Sympathy
AS for Mr.. Wilson. he is bestow-
ing upon Poland American blessing.
sympathy, all the moral assistance
IN the world. He is reprobating
Lloyd George for this conversation
with the tiger No one could be
more severe in words in dealing
with the Russian revolutionists, but
Lenine and Trotzky have survived
worse words, and Mr.. Wilson's am
munition, verbal ammunition, is
little available for Polish artillery.
SoiiC ollSliC llOW IOI ldCh OIL DTO1oC-
tiles.
Nor can one say the French have
done more, granted that they would
if they could, not because of high
er moral perception, but because of
vastly greater material concern.
But France cannot fight Russia
alone, with Germany on her back, a
Syrian campaign unfolding and Mo-
rocco still to be finished, albeit in
Syria and Morocco France has two
Of the great colonial soldiers of
modern times in Gouraud and Ly-
autey.
If Poland falls France is COM
promised, the old dangers and the
old perils Of 1914 return. Russo
German combinations are not only
,,occih1o h,7t 1iLn1x, ord +bo ,,o,.+
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
BY Frank H. Simonds

"HE developments in the case
of Poland have demonstrate
h ed once more the impossible
ity of preserving an alliance
among nations, even for the preser-
walton of peace, once the absence of
immediate and generally recognized
perils leaves every nation free to con-
centrate its attention upon its own
private interests and problems.
The invasion of Belgium carried
with it an immediate threat to
Britain. The Germany of William II
at Antwerp and on the Belgian coast
was as unmistakable menace to
English existence as was the pres
ence of the France of Napoelon on
the same shores. AS a consequence
Britain took up arms to defend, not
Belgium primarily, but British Sc
curity menaced by German approach.
So Britain Is Calm
But the invasion of Poland carries
with it no similarly immediate men,
ace to Britain, and the British pulse
remains calm, even when the very
existence of Poland is in question.
To be sure, Lloyd George demands
that the Bolsheviki respect the ter
ritorial integrity of Poland, but he
consents in advance that Russia
shall take guarantees which amount
to the extinction of Polish indie
pendence by depriving Poland of the
means to defend herself.
Yet this is, in fact, the largest
measure of support Lloyd George can
possibly offer Poland, given his po-
htical situation at home. Labor is
not alone determined that there shall
be no new war, but resolved to see
IN any foreign policy which contem-
plates war, even in defense of an
ally, aggressive and reactionary in
tluences.
To put the thing quite bluntly,
British labor cares nothing about Po-
land. 1t is fighting a battle for po
litlcal control in the British Isles.
and it declines to have it's attention
distracted from it's own class war
fare to a struggle which, by becom-
ing national, might stay the par
ticular conflict labor is conducting.
The fact that France regards the
Polish issue as one of as great i'm
rortance to her integrity and Sc
curity as Britain regarded the Bel
glan question six years ago does
nct concern British labor. The fact
that the sacrifice of Poland NAV
mean the destruction Of the Anglo
French alliance is lmmaterial to
British labor; nothing counts with
II but victory in its own operations.
it is easy to excuse desertion Of
allies by the allegation that their
policies represent imperialism and
chauvinism, but, of course, the allie
cation deceives no one.
The Same i'm America
In point Of fact it does not lie in
American mouths to criticize British
labor, for America, the United
States, has adopted precisely the
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
Failure of the Allies to Agree on Rus.
sian Policy Proves Weakness
of the Pact

same view. Where British labor in
vokes its own peculiar slogans We
have adopted "Americanism as tn,
term which covers the decision t.
refrain from all external commit
ments and possibilities which
are not obviously of inescapable i'm
portance to us.
The question of Poland thus be.
comes in Britain an incident in the
political battle between labor and its
opponents; in the United States it
similarly derives such Importance as
it has from and is subordinated in
all phases to what was yesterday
the battle between the Senate and
the President and is now translated
into the campaign between Demo
cratic and Republican parties for
the control of the Presidency.
Now, this means only one thing.
1t means that Lloyd George and Mr..
Wilson must approach the Polish
question not with clear view as to
what is necessary as matter of
world policy, or even of national in
terest in the larger view, much less
the vision of right and wrong. Each
is compelled to take a stand with
his eyes fixed, not upon the Soviet
hosts or the Bolshevist purposes. but
with their main concern at all times
directed toward the political opposi-
tion at home.
The Leagues Weakness
Now, here, after all, is the real
weakness of the theory which under
lies the League of Nations. Poland
was and is a member of the league.
The value of the league is little if it
is unable to sustain Poland at a mo-
ment when not to sustain is to sacri-
fee. 1t is true that the Polish at
tack upon Russia, so far as it was
an attack-and in reality it was no
more than the anticipation of blow
already received no sane
tion from the League of Nations.
Yet each nation of the great powers
prominently identified with the
league had similarly made war upon
the Reds. We all had troops in
Russia who fought the Bolsheviki
We all have contributed money and
supplies to kolchak, Denikine, Yude-
nitch-to the Poles themselves.
The League Of Nations should
have been sufficiently strong to i'm
pose upon Poland the new policy
when the Western Allies, in despair
and in obedience to domestic politi-
cal conditions, decided to stop fight
ing the Bolshcvists. 1t should have
been strong enough to insure Polish
security if Poland desisted, laid
down its arms and waited Russian
pleasure in a passive posture.
But the League Of Nations could
not prevent Polish operations be-
cause it could not offer Poland any
guaranty of security which would
suffice. If the Poles did not dis
perse the Russian attack which was
gathering the League Of Nations
could guarantee no assistance when
the blow fell and Poland was COM
pelled to face 11non tho Puo tho ~
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22

were denounced as hypocritical, when
far more favorable proposals are
suggested to the Russians by Po-
lands ally.
On the other hand, what can Lloyd
George do? His domestic political
situation is such that to 60 to the
assistance Of Poland would be to in
vlte nationwide strikes, struggle
with labor, at the moment when Ire
land is in rebellion and the situa-
ton both in Egypt and India is diff
cult, while between Constantinople
and Kabul some 100000 British
troops are actively employed. Grant
that Lloyd George, if he were able to
follow his own instincts, which are
often amazingly accurate, would
rush troops to Poland to defend a
bulwark of the West against Rus
sian anarchy: the bitter truth for
him is still that he must accommo
date ms foreign policy to his do
mestic political situation.
If Wilson Acted
And so far as the United States
is concerned, suppose that President
Wilson recognized the present situa
ton in Poland as one which imposed
immediate obligations upon all the
nations which were represented at
Paris and were concerned in the
making of the League of Nations.
| am by no means attempting to as
sert what the Presidents thought is.
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
tack she sought to anticipate upon
the Dnieper and the Dvina.
Hoped for Polish Success

More than this, the French frank
ly, the British Ministry with little
secrecy, the American government
with no secrecy whatever, hoped
that the Poles would be successful
because all three governments rec
ognized in the Reds an enemy whose
defeat was essential to the restora-
tion of real peace in the world. But
the difficulty was that while Poland
was suffered to embark upon her ad-
venture with only hypocritical
warnings designed to enable appre-
hensive statesmen to escape if the
consequences were unfortunate, she
was not supported sufficiently to
make victory possible.
1t was the duty of the nations
making up the league, of the Amer-
can government, which was itself, as
contrasted with the legislative
branch, in full accord with the
league, either to forbid the Polish
adventure or to underwrite it. 1t
was impossible for the League of Ma
tlons to escape responsibility for
what was a new and considerable
war. 1t could not await the issue to
decide whether it would take one
coI1rcp or fho 9TH
Had Britain, France and the
United States, with Italy as we'll,
frankly announced that an offensive
by the Poles would deprive the Poles
of all claim upon the nations within
the league or the governments in
sympathy with it. but that an attack
by the Reds upon Poland, unpro-
voked by the Poles, would be accept
ed as a cos1.s beIh by all four gov
ernments, then Poland would have
been compelled to accept the West
ern decision or take risks which no
Polish government would under
take.
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
First Aid for Injured Animals

kittens, monkeys,
parrots, guinea pigs, weasels,
IL rabbits and other domestic
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22
Ends in Talk

The diplomats are talking, the
ministers consulting, as
New-York tribune., 1920-08-22

.HE developments in the case
of Poland have demonstrate
h ed once more the impossible
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
RIOT VICTIMS RE-
COVER AGAINST CITY

Two OF the large number OF cases
that have been filed against the City
of Chicago by persons who sustained
damage to property in the race riots
of July last year, were heard on Mon
day last by Judge Bernard p. Barasa,
of the Municipal Court. The plain
tiff in one case was Mrs. Hulda Bry-
ant, of 58l8 Lafayette Avenue, who
sued to recover for destruction of all
her wearing apparel and certain other
articles of household furniture at her
former residence, 4740 Wells Street.
A judgment was entered for her in
the sum of $500 and costs.
In the other case August Bender,
the proprietor of Bender's Laundry,
at 35th Street and Wabash Avenue,
was the plaintiff. The evidence dis
closed that on the afternoon of the
10Th a mob invaded his premises and
damaged his machinery and Office fit
tings and destroyed several articles.
The Court awarded him damages in
the sum of $l75 with costs.
Attorney Clifford Fl. Tavernier re-
presented the plaintiff in each case.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
PROBE IJNCOVERS
YANKEE CRUELTY
and MISRULE
Money squandered Natives Slan Complaints Suppressed
President Appeals to World Conscience.

financial adviser who has turned auto
crat, and now controls Haitian r.
nance; That Haiti has been made TO
pay $3.50 per month for two rat-catch-
ers in New Orleans; That a system of
accounting has been instituted and I'M
posed by Americans whereby Haitians
are unable to count their own money;
That an American autocracy exists
under the guise of advice and reeeiv-
ership: That Haiti's American "hnan-
cial adviser" withheld funds provided
by the French government for the
salaries OF three fellowship professors
from France to the College of Port
Au Prince; That this same adviser
took flier in finance. changing So
100000 from American to French cur
rency at time when the market value
Of the franc was lowest, and then back
again into American currency. rtns
costing the Haftizff treasury nco<iy
ST 900, 900. and in all probability net
ting himself handsome commission.
The President of the island repub-
tic ended his testimony by saying that
he had long since despaired of finding
relief through governmental channels,
aud is now appealing to the conscience
of the world.
Natives Testify
The great difficulty attendant upon
the Investigations has been the re-
luctance on the part of the Haitians
to testify to the cruelties perpetrated,
on account of-their fear of reprisal
after the Investigations.
CONTINUED on page 81
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
JURY SAYS GUILTY" IN
ORDER TO GET HOLIDAY

ATLANTA, Ga, Nov. 24.-Charles
Harris, who has been confined in the
Fulton County Jail here since June
|, 1919, has been granted new trial
by the supreme court on extraor-
dinary motion by his attorney.
In his plea for a new trial Harris
attorney alleged that Harris case was
given to the jury on Friday night,
and that on the following Sunday the
jury was unable to agree, and asked
that they be allowed to go home The
judge refused to allow the jury to
go home for Sunday and had them
locked in until they arrived at a YER
dict. Becoming angered at this order
of the court, it is said that the jury
returned a verdict of guilty in fifteen
minutes. The supreme court held
that the trial judge erred in not
granting new trial on these facts.
Harris is alleged to have shot and
killed George Pierce, a wealthy far
mer, on whose farm Harris was a
tenant, in April, 1919. Harris then
fled from the scene and was later
captured in Paris, Ky.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
We 4 New Sex
Problem Hereo

Sherman Robinson. 1921 Wabash
Ave-, was the complainant in one OF
the most peculiar divorce cases to yet
be heard in Chicago, when last week
he asked complete divorce from his
wife. Ida May Robinson, on the
grounds that she had forsaken him TO
run away with another woman.
Robinson married at Metropolis,
ILL.,, in November, 1910, and lived with
his wife in marital peace and harmony
until September, 1916, when she left
him without any cause with girl
she had formerly known in Paducah
KY.
J. H. Mobley, 3oo7 State Street
testified that Mrs. Robinson came tc
him and requested a room for her
girl friend, which she and Mrs. Rob,
inson occupied.
Judge Sabbath granted the decree
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
FROM
SOUTH FINDS
HAVEN here

J. L. Thomas, of Union Springs,
Ala, is now in the city stopping at
the residence of his son, 365 East
29th Place. Mr.. Thomas is one of
the heaviest land owners in Alabama.
He is in Chicago because few weeks
ago he sought to defend his life
against a prominent white man, a
banker, lawyer and former mayor,
who threatened the life of Mr.. Thom-
as with knife, the result of onf-
sided quarrel over a real estate deal.
Mr.. Thomas, who was riding in his
buggy from the postoffice, fired twice at
the white man. neither shot taking ef-
feet However, a mob at once formed
bent on taking his life, but through
friends he was able to make his es-
cape to Montgomery, where he was
protected by the authorities and ad-
mitted to bail Mr.. Thomas is an in
teresting character, has a wife and five
grown children and may eventually
locate permanently in Chicago.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
GETS $500 he EARNED
DURING cIvAL WAR

CRYSTAL SPRINGS. Miss, Nov.
24.-Abe Sojourner, of this city, re-
ceived notice from the Yazoo & Miss.
Valley r. K. Co., that he has been al
lowed claim for labor performed
for that company aggregating $500,
which was earned during the war be-
tween the states.
Sojurner went to the front with his
young master during the siege of
Vicksburg and was put to building
bridges on the railroad.
After the war, Sojourner went back
to civil life and forgot his claim. Re-
Gently some one suggested that he put
in his claim, which he did, with the
result that his name was found on
the books of the company, and the
claim acknowledged. 1t was then
only a question of identification and
Sojourner got his money. He says
it was like taking candy. from a baby.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1920-11-27
Harris Campbell Is
Slain By Bandits

An untimely visit to the saloon of
Henry Cohen, 3546 State Street,
proved fatal to Harris Campbell, age
70, watchman for several years at
the drug store of Rankin & White,
36th and State Street, when he was
shot and almost instantly killed by
one of three holdup men who fed at
ter the shooting, at $3.50 P. NJ, Mon
day night.
Two holdup men entered the saloon,
ordering all to throw up their hands.
Campbell started to run from the
place, not knowing that third man
was at the door. Campbell was shot
near the heart and died almost imme-
diately. The bandits made good their
escape.
The inquest was held at Kings Un-
dertaking establishment at 1000 A. M,
Tuesday morning and was continued
until December 9th.