America. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1905-current, 1920-04-19


1910, returned approximately
! G Conservatives, so; Liberals, 10;
Nationalist Democrats, 20; Peasant
/. Party, GO; Transylvanian Nationa-
lists. 10, including s Hungarians
8 Germans or Saxons, and 2 Ukrai-
Lnians; Transylvanian Socialists, 8.
* dot not have the figures for Buko-
wina and Bessarabia, but as the po-
llitical leaders Of these two provin-
lees declared before the election that
Ithey would stand on the Transyl-
vanian program, their 125 dcpu-
tiles give the radicals control Of the
Idcstinies of Greater Rumania.
| In the Kingdom Of Rumania the
conservative party is still active.
1t stands against the distribution
[of land, on the ground that large
|estates are an economical necessity
for the country. If the land must
|bc distributed, the Conservatives
advocate big indcmnities. Because
lof split, they are really stronger
than the figures indicate. Jonesc,l
formed a Conservative Democrat
Iparty before the war, which eros
Used the floor between Conservati-
Ives and Liberals. The Conservative
democrats refused to enter the re-
lcent election. The record. Of Jones'
Gu meant overwhelming defeat for
Them. Joncscu, besides standing pat
on the land question, urged terri
torial concessions to Serbia i'm the
banat and economic concessions to
| the Allies. AS he was the hope Of
the Anglo French policy, his inabi-
ll;ty even to enter the elections was
Il final warning to the Supreme
Council, which was needed, that
Rumania intended to stand out un-
compromisingly for the preserva-
| |tion Of her political and economic
independence. The Liberal party,
reading the signs of the times,
stands by the agrarian reform Of
.Jassy. and hopes to prevent the ma
ximum of estates from being rcdu-
ccd below the ivc-hundrcd hectarc
figure. The Nationalist Democrat
|party. grouped around Professor
.Jorga. and the Peasant party, grou
ped around DR.. Lupu, believe in
the necessity of agreeing to the
Transylvanian demands for fixing
one hundred hectares as the maxi
mum land-holding and making ca
sicr terms Of payment for the new
peasant proprietoFs.. These parties
differ widely, heEcver, in other
|mattcrs. The Nasionalist Democrats
agree to the radical agrarian policy
on the ground Of expcdiency. They
are extreme natioRalists and anti
Semites, while the followers Of DR..
Lupu tend toward socialism, which
means conciliattry attitude in
Y, the Jewish and otiYfm'nority pro-
When the first Parliament OF
Greater Rumania assembled, the
Iold politicians Of the kingdom tried
to get King Ferdinand to appoint
a premier and approve the formati-
OH Of a cabinet without regard to
the parliamentary majority. Jones:
leu and Averescu significd their
Willingness to save Rumania"
Their plea was that the actual con-
Istitutional union had not yet ta-
ken place, that Rumania was in a
transitional stage, without definite
frontiers and without intcrnatio-
nal recognition. Until the treaties
with the defeated coalition were ra-
Titled by the Allies, and until So
me general policy was adopted by
the victorious coalition in regard to
Russia, the Ottoman Empire, and
common financial questions, they
argued that the new Parliament
was not in a position to function
Iconstitutionally as the law-making
body of the new Rumanian politi-
cal organism. In the acts of union
did not the Rllmanians Of Hunga-
ry and Austria and Russia express
" stipulatc their local autonony?
The basis Of the new Rumanian
state and the authority Of its uni
ted Parliameut had yet to be wor-
ked out. The thesis was plausible,
and would have won the day for