davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
FINDS 10-YEAROLDS
WISER THAN ADULTS

Cleveland. Ohio. Feb. ;I.-seventy
per cent OF the adults OF the United
E4at-s *. '--5-r m =. =tllss.. -, -
the ~s-7sse lap-ss~ste, stae-ut ssa
a osASes- IN tl-s seaosN. q s[[sss, =
necessary % meet thIs cosd,rter
Or p u. Gccos 4. oaio ',ts vpB-
versity. told the National ouncil OF
State Normal School presidents and
principals in convention here today.
statistics gathered by the draft
boards, he said, showed that 20 per
cent left school before the eighth
grade was reached. Goddard held
that manual training was therefori
necessary TO equip this number q
places In skilled industry. He pr
posed manual training almost
clusiveiy up TO the nth grT
Childish dislike for schooling wa,
given as the reason for the early
exodus from the schools.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Mexico Sends Troops :
To Rescue u. S. Citizens

Mexico has sent a force of FederaI
troops to res:ue from the Villa ban
dts Joseph j.. Askew, an American
citizen who was kidnapped by the
Villistas February 1. from a ranch
near Lerdo, state of Durango.
The first information on the SUBJ
ject came to the State Department
yesterday from the Mexican foreign
Office with the assurance that the
Mexican government proposed to go
and take Askew out of the hands of
Villas followers. The announce
ment of the Askew case follows
very closely the case of w. w.
Adams. who was kidnapped and held
for ransom by bandits on Febru-
ary 13.
The official statement of the de-
to Adams said that he had
arrived at Saltillo in good health.
There were no ofiiciaI details as to
how he was released.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
CUBAN SAYS ISLAND
Is NO MONTE CARLO

New York. Feb. 21.-Prohibition
hasn't made a Monte Carlo of Cuba
and if the Cubans have anything to
do with the matter it never will,
DR.. Aristides Agiiero said here to-
day.
Senior Agiiero Is Cuban Minister
to the Netherlands. He sailed for
Rotterdam on the Holland Ameri-
can liner New Amsterdam late ~
day, after a visit "a Cuba.
Asiiero even made The etss.s4aent
that there is less drink ~ sth cuba
than before the begig1nlBg OF the
great American aroath He said
many Americans ss1 vi>uing Cuba
this winter. batis ,yss to njoy the
climate. not the bar rooms
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Wilson'S Cabinet
His Own Business,
Marshall Suggests

New York, Feb. 2I.-Vice
President Thomas R. Marshall,
attending a celebration of
Washington's Birthday under
the auspices of the Sulgravc
Institution, of which he is hon
orary president, today declared
he sees no reason why he or
any one else should discuss the
Cabinet situation.
Marshall said there is no
cause for general comment in
the Lansing resignation.
"The Cabinet is composed of
Wilson's own men, to do with
as he likes" he said. "He has
a perfect right to appoint them
or ask for their resignation, as
he sees fit"
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
LIVING COST
STILL SCARS
Washington Prices Gained
3N Per Cent in January,
Figures Show.

Cost of food to the average Ameri-
can family increased two per cent in
January as compared with Decem-
ber. 1919. according to prices
gathered from retail dealers in fifty
cities, the Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics announced last night The cost
nf food in December was 26 per
cent higher than any previous
month. Prices today are nine per
cent higher than they were a year
ago. and 1O4 per cent higher than
in January. 1913.
The comparisons are based on re-
tail prices of the following articles:
Sirloin and round steaks, rib and
chuck roasts, plate beef, pork chops.
bacon. ham. lard. hens. -four. corn
meal, eggs. butter, pilk, bread. but
ter. potatoes, sugar, cheese. coffee.
Iice and tea.
The average family expenditures
for twenty-five articles Of TODD in.
creased from Dec ember Il. la10 TO
January IS, 1899, "a forty-oae cities
and decreased in nine cifis -
Memphis sAG Mobile decrease
wss .er cert an Atlanta, Bir-
miaghaE, Cleveland, Denver, Kan
sas City, omaha and Portland. Me.
the decrease was l per cent. In
Washington the cost of necessities
increased per cent. Fall River,
Mass, showed the biggest increase.
per cent.
During Jai iuary, 1919, Minneapolis
showed the liggest increase for the
year, l6 per cent. Chicago, Detroit
and Springfield, ILL.,, were next with
IL per cent.
Increases inwholesale food prices.
II was stated. were due to the rise
in sugar and potatoes. GRADUATED
sugar was AZ Ser cent higher and
potatoes 81 pei cent. The drop in
the prices of bitter and eggs was
offset by the rse in coffee. -four,
mutton. lamb ara poultry,
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
President Wilson Holds Key
to Adriatic, Italian Admits;
Says He Controls Council

London. Feb. 23.-President Will
son holds the key to the Adriatic. a
high italian official declared in an
interview here today. His state
ment was without qualification.
Despite their admitted inclina-
tions, the allies dare not ignore
Washington. he said. He said they
realize Europe would be thrown into
economic and political chaos IL 1t
were to cut loose from the United
States
The Presidents answer to the al
lied note, replying to his protest
against their proposed Adriatic set
tlement undoubtedly will be unfa-
vorable to Italy. the official be-
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Startling Surprise Awaits
Berlin Officials . When
They Return to United
States to Recover Papers
That Helped Uncle Sam
Run Down Kaiser S Spies
In This Country.
By FRED c. KELLY.
tCopyright, 1901

When diplomatic relations are
once more resumed with Ger
many, one of the first acts OF
German officials in the United
States will be to 60 to the Swiss
consulate on the ninth floor of the
building at II Broadway, New
York, for the purpose of regain
ing possession of a ton of highly
important secret German papers.
These papers, including the Ger
man Embassy files, were placed
in the Swiss consulate by Ger
many for safekeeping at the time
the United States. entered the
war.
To the astonishment and dismay
of the German officials, the papers
VIII be missing. When the Ger
mans open the doors of the safes
and slide back the drawers in the
various filing cases, the documents
and records they seek will be so
conspicuously not there that the
thing will be startling. From a
non-German point % view, the sit
uation also will be amusing.
Documents Used BY United States
In Trailing German Agents.
At the time the papers were de-
posted in the safes and strong
boxes by the Germans every pre-
caution was taken not only to safe
guard the papers themselves, but to
make II impossible to modest them
without such an attempt leaving
telltale evidence that would be i'm
mediately noticeable. Each drawer
and each door was securely locked.
and, besides that, they were wrapped
with ropes and voluminous tape of
red. white and black. And the ropes
and tape were carefully sealed with
wax and the sealing was painstak-
ingly imprinted with the official
German seal.
When the Germans return, the
locks and ropes and tape and seals
will still be intact and will show
no evidence OF having been touched.
Nevertheless. the papers inside are
all gone. Not only were the papers
spirited away, but they eventually
reached the possession OF United
States officials, and they proved of
inestimable value to the government
in The great atsxiz- OF. 1ocatins tfse
CONTINUED on FACE FIVE
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22

heved- He admitted there is room
for argument so far as the Presi-
dents position Is concerned. The
allies, he added, hope to prolong the
discussion until the economic Turk
ism and Russian questions now be-
fore the council Of premiers, have
been disposed of.
As to the Presidents attitude
toward the Turkish settlement the
Italian official admitted Wilson
holds the Bosphorus in the palm
of his hand"
Can Demand Showdown.
IF the President desires an i'm
mediate showdown he can force
the allies" the official continued
The allies dare not frame any COM
munication to the American gov
ernment in the nature of an ulti-
matum. They realize that, by a
single move, America can force the
franc and lire down to a level
with the mark and the kronen and
even demoralize the pound sterl-
ing"
. Premier. Nitti is 'Ievel-headed
and far-seeing," is moving with
great caution, the official says. He
knows the exact limits of the line
of demarcation over which he dare
not step. Allied statesmen are un-
certain as to the attitude of the
allied leaders and population, the
Italian said
Meanwhile Jugo-Slav officials were
frankly jubilant at the turn the Presi-
dents Adriatic note has given the sit
uatlon. NJ. Trumbitch, head of the
Jugo-Slav delegation. was to leave for
Paris. confident that his country's
position is impregnable. The collapse
of the Jugo-Slav ministry was regard
ed by many observers as most timely.
Leaks Irritnte Premier.
1t precluded the possibility of any
wavering on the part of the Belgrade
government. they believed. Premier
Lloyd George, it was learned. has be-
come exceedingly irritable over alleged
leaks in the proceedings of the council
Of premiers
AS a result of the premier's attitude,
French newspapers during the last
days have been able to get little in
side" information on the council meet
ings.
Greece. it was learned. will prob
ably obtain sovereignty over the
Gallipoli peninsula. as result of
Premier Venizelos' statements to the
council Tuesday. The Ukrainian
high commission has handed to the
council a petition for recognition of
its government, pointing out that
the allies have already recognized
the independence of Esthonia, Let
via. Lithuania. Georgia. AzerbaiJsn
and Armenia. The petition asked
support for the Ukrainian army in
instructors and ammunitions and
economic assistance to aid in the
country's reconstruction
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
CENSUS GIVES
WASHINGTON
437,414
Result of Enumeration Puts
Capital in Thirteenth
Place on City List.

The population of Washington is
437,414. a gain of 1O6.345 since 1910,
when the number of residents in the
Nations Capital was 331, ,06s. accord
ing to the Census Bureaus first an
n9uncement last night of city re-
turns in the new census.
Cincinnati's population has grown
during the ten years from 363,593 to
4O1.15s. a gain of 1883.
The remarkable growth of the
District during the last decade has
a striking parallel in the influx of
population to the nations capital
during the civil war. Between 1860
and 1870, the population of Wash
ington increased from 75.0S0 to 49,
200. an increase of rs per cent.
In 1910, Washington was the six
teenth city in the country with a
population of S31.OG9. while Cincin-
natl. with 363.591. ranked fourteenth.
Washington shows an increase of
80 per cent. 1t has already been
announced that Cincinnati has been
outstripped and the figures will un-
doubtedly show that Washington
is larger than New Orleans. Newark
or Milwaukee. each of which had a
population of less than $4,000 in
1919.
Los Angeles will probably be
shown as larger than Washington,
IT is expected that Washington
number in the order of the cities
will be the iIl-fated thirteen. The
Federal government did not assume
control of the District of Columbia
until 1901, but the District was in
cluded in the census of 1890. when
the population was 1903. During
the 120 years its population has
been multiplied thirty-one times.
The growth of the United States
during the same period has been
twenty-five fold.
The greatest increase in the Dis
trict- prior to that just recorded, was
between 1900 and 1910 when the popu-
lation advanced 52.9J1. The increa sc
from 1890 to 1910 was only Is S-lOths
per cent.
The announcements made last night
are subject to correction, but Super
visor Robert Z. Mattingly stated that
the figures for the District of Column
bia could be regarded as final The
by races, sex, age, occupa-
tion, etc. will not be announced for
several months. Beginning March /
several thousand enumerators will be
added to the census force for the pur-
pose of tabulating this Information.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
IN CRISIS
COUNSELED FOR
CATHOLICS
Members of Faith to Hear
Plea for Aid During
Reconstruction.
WORK OF HIERARCHY
First Such Epistle Sent Out
Since 1884 Roundly
Scores Divorce.

For the first time since 1884 a
pastoral letter drawn up and writ
ten by the entire Catholic hierarchy
and signed by Cardinal Gibbons will
be read in every Catholic church
in the United States this morning,
calling on the people of that faith
to aid in the reconstruction period
in every way. The work of two
cardinals, 101 archbishops and bisn-
ops is represented in the letter.
Cardinal Gibbons Is the only liv-
ing signer of this pastoral letter
who was present at the council in
Baltimore in 1884.
Pleads for Reeonstruction.
The letter contains a plea for a
better understanding between cap.-
tai and labor. a condemnation of di-
vorce, an appeal to eradicate Boil
shevism. and an attack on present
day extravaganza. The letter con-
demns the light spirit with which
marriage is regarded. and urges
against ultra modern styles in dress.
Concerning marriage and divorce,
it reads in part:
The Catholic Church does not
and will not sanction divorce in the
absolute sense which permits either
Of the separated parties to marry
during the life of the other. The
ease and frequency with which di-
vorces Of this kind are granted
makes a national scandal. The bond
CONTINUED ON PAGE THREE
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
MILLIONS SAVE
SINCE U. S.
WENTDRY
National Bank Deposits Ius
crease $I,422,SS3, ,O00
Treasury Reports.

Millions Of American citizena last
July began saving MONEY to
deposit in bankss government re-
ports show. The nation wert dry
under wartime prohibition aluiv 4
In national banks alone. sso.sls
new accounts were opened between
June 80 and November IL accord
ing to reports TO John skeiton
Williams. Comptroller of Currency.
New depositors obtained by ma
tional banks represent only q
small percentage Of ths total I'm
the country. Treasury department
officials said. The increase I'm the
number OF depositors IN state and
private banks. although not avail
able. is known 20 }be far greater
than the increase u national banks.
Total national bank deposits in
creased s1,42a.sssJboo from June 30
TO November III the conptrolIar.s
report showed.
Some. governpfent deacials main
tain ths incre3fse in national bank
deposits Is DIRECTLY trscesbIe TO pro-
hibitien. .othe, government of,c,aIs
attribute the increase to economic
causes
Thesters. uSercantiIe stores. Jewell
ers and all dealers in luxuries are
getting the 4 flormer liquor expendi.
lures, some gAovernment reports in
dictate.
lmportaoons Apf furs increased
nearly $4,000 900 from June to De-
cember. Diamonds now are befns
imported at the rate of sSsS.oOo per
day or ,1o.oeo.ed for every month.
Federal reserf ye notes in circula-
tion increased I$477,s44.OOO between
June "a ana february 20. indicating
that businessf and spending are in
cr"asing at fast pace.
Taxes on s,musemeuts and sdmis-
- , Jheaiters and circuses made
mp fafter July l. according
to report 70 the Internal Revenue
In July be government collected
s4.6Sl,ooo from entertainment ad-
mission. Bts October the total coll
lectiOns jushped to $500. 600.
Tob@oco taxes show an enorm, -
increas'. gTotal collections in 9uiy
"e., sfI.1 S.ese and IN October s37.-
9sl.61e. Ia October. 1919. the trsv-
cling 10 totai had SCARED TO ss,4si :
ooo. II
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Strikes in u. S. Decrease.

Strikes reported to the Bureau Of
Cancellation of the Department OF
Labor last week showedSa decrease.
Il was announced yesterday. Only
six were reported last week as COM
aared with an aNsrSEe II ten ioE
Ike two preceding wsfSs-
There are thirty strlkeA brfcr-5
me bureau. according - u 3 80
win, its directer. = - 9 ssea q -
are forty-eight ecnte g sI-ss Z = I.
ad justed.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
BY WILLIS ABBOT.

Copyrighted by Washington Heraldl
Regularly with the recurrence of
each Presidential election come dis
cussion of the possibility Of wrestling
this or that Southern State from con-
troll of the Democratic party. With
eCnal regularity comes the failure on
election day to accomplish any such
end. This year the bright promise of
success is again set forth by Repub-
licsn leaders in various Southern COM
monwealths. Kentucky. Tennessee,
Texas and North Carolina are de-
picted as seething with Democratic
discomfort and dissension and as the
homes of Republican unity and conf
dence.
Republicans CONFIDENT of Kentucky.
South Atlantic Prosperity.
There is ample reason for Repub-
lican confidence so far as Kentucky is
concerned. 1t has now a Republican
governor. elected by a plurality Of
practically 1900 votes. Democrats
themselves despair OF carrying it, and
one of the most prominent members Of
President Wilson's household said to
me that in the coming campaign the
Democrats must look about for some
State to take the place of Kentucky's
thirteen electoral votes, as that State
was definitely lost to the democracy.
Id other States. however. upon which
the Republicans are building certain
hSpes, the Democratic dissensions,
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Southern Ports and Politics.;
Great Interest Manifest in
Future of Rails and Fleets

though great, and the tendency Of pro-
gressive citizens to break away from
single party domination, are not likely
to affect their electoral votes.
In the group Of South Atlantic States.
from Virginia to Florida, the years Of
the war have witnessed a tremendous
advance in prosperity. a considerable
influx Of Northern capital. and. in the
case Of Georgia, Alabama and North
Carolina. a very material addition of
citizens of Northern birth and anina-
tions to the electorate. 1t will be in
teresting to study the effect Of chang
ing industrial and social conditions
upon politics in this section Of the
South. Democratic domination was. of
CONTINUED ON PAGE SIX,
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Mother Back from France
Within Body Of Her Son

New York. %. .l.-Mrs. Anna
Devera was en- Route to Chicago to-
night with y e body Of her son.
James Devsy6 a seannIn on the
U. S. $, c7nehs' ~no disA in Mar
settles Of injuries Noember 81,
1918.
Mrs Devera otlai1-d the body
after tfTe months nsgotiarioas with
AmerHtan and Fsenes eeiciais. So
far 4 known y is - Erst Amer
icanj mother &c nrinS De body of a
SOM who -dief q ,As service back
tot this coun
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Married Own Daughter
Charge Against Chicagoan

Chicago. Feb. A.-Assistant States
Attorney Eckhardt asserted tonight
that le-year-old Nellie de B6ck mar.
ried her own father. .s..
George de Book. Is years old. said
his young wife was merely his step
daughter. and that bis marriafe with
her was the result Of a true love
affair''
The, wife a round-faced girl looking
scarcely her ase. was IN the detertion
home held despite numerous atteppts
at hsbeas corpus.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Arizona Rain Delays
Picking Bisbee Jury

Tombstone, Ariz. Pen. sI.s-one of
Arizona's infrequent rayns has caused
delay In picking a jury IN the Bisbee
1. w. w. kidnapping case.
Dry" farmers OF the ktfth. venire
began to make excuses wfs<n Che rain
started to fall. They waited to get
Rome to put ir their erops
Judge Pattes recognized he excuses
as good ones and turned b. farmers
loose.
Only forty-two of n tt Of 800
drawn remained toda d23 of
the venire had report y Dloyes
of the copper compar y : fszy alcused
as before.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
How Fiue Adventurous Americans Looted
Swiss Consulate OF Secret German Documents
Vital to Nation in Its Prosecution of War
De Woody, Custodian of Papers,
Accepts Narrative as Authentic

Charles F. De Woody. when shown copy Mr. Kcly's
article said:
Il regard the story a an authentic ono"
Mr.. De Woody who the end of the became vice
president Of the Nara Company York. chief of the
special agents of the Department of Justice for the
DIVISION and that capacity had the custody of
referred and supervised investigations resulting
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22

PASSES HOUSE
DESPITELABOR
Brotherhoods Act to Halt
Senate Approval This
Week.
ACT ASSURES RETURNS
Guaranteed Earnings of 81
Per Cent Provided In
Measure.
ACT ASSURES RETURNS

The Esch-Cummins ariIroad bin.
returning the roads to private
ownership and guaranteeing a net
return Of 81 per cent on the prop
ertp value, was passed by the House
yesterday. as agreed upon by the
ouse and Senate conterees, BY a
vote OF $50 TO $50.
AS the bill calls for Federal con-
troll to cease at midnight "on the
last cay Of the month in which the
act is approved" the roads viii be
returned 10 their owners by March
l. the date fixed by the President
should the Senate take similar action
this week.
The passage OF the bill was made
party issue when. after i've hours
debate Republican Leader Mondeu
called on the, members Of his marty
TO support the bin while Demo
cratic Leader Kitchin exhorted the
minority to oppose it
While the bill was being debated
In the House organized labor wa.
carrying the fight against IL to the
White House and later to the
Capitol A committee of railroad
union officials submitted TO the
President a formal protest, calling
the bill entirely inadequate"
As a final effort to block passsfs
OF the bin it's opponents attempted
to have it recommitted to the con-
ferees. on motion of Representatiy.
Barkley. The motion was defeated
22s to III
The bill, a compromise betw ~
the Cummins bill passed by the So
ate and the Esch bin passed by <
House. worked out by the confer
of both Houses
Among other things IL prov
fer for q guaranteed net return 4
Sh per cent on. the propertyrt .
Of the road unfil March 1. u
kli esrsfnes ip.excess OF 9 per oorf
would be drad>sI.seasssirs betweeb
each carriers reserve fund and tas
general rsffroNd contingent fund.
The 1nterstkte Commerce ccnl-
mission is given wider powers aus
q railway board Of appeals" ia ere
sted with jurisdiction over waEr
disputes.
It also provides that the RAJ
cannot reduce .Aries prior TO Sep
tember / of this year.
The guaranteed return came s. f-r
bitter criticism on the part Of -lr.-
resentstive Bsrkley. "A minimum
wage on the invested dollar" is the
way he characterized this feature of
the bill. II was this section Demo-
cratic leaders opposed
The labor question was brought
to the fore in the House by Repre-
sentative Everett Sanders. OF Indi-
ana, whoc harged that those opposed
to the bill were really trying 20 help
the Plumb plan by delaying termi-
nation of Federal control for two
years. This was promptly denied by
Democratic Leader Kitchin.
Democratic Leader Kitchen. in try
ing to rally the opposition. charged
the bill as the result Of insidious
propaganda by the railroads and
warned that adoption fthe report
would be a rebuke to organized labor
Representative John G. Cooper, Of
Ohio. another railroad man. spoke
for the bill. as did Uncle joe Can
non and three prominent Democrats
Pou. OF North Carolina, cSsp OF
Georgia, and Small OF North Caro-
lima
With the exception OF the so-cslIed
union labor partisans among the Re
publfcans the final vote showed them
almost solidly behind MondelL
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Fire Destroys 100000 Home.

New York. Feb. a-Fire destroyed a
brick building in East Rockaway
Road, Hewlett. Z. l., owned by DIR.
A s. Kelly. Damaye was estimated
at more than sloo.N A pearl neck
lace valued at 5000 was lost in the
flames.
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
500 Bar, Of Sus.r 'Bamad

New York. Feb. q ---Irtrei IN ue hold
of the. Norwegan-Araessogl, litsr Lyn-
genfjord at a, Brockisn harf today
burned 500 bags of seaar IND q maged
other bags. The los 4is a siimated
at more than sIo0oe HIM of the
vessel for Norwas ~ - VIII be
delayed
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
Y.gss MAKE s2s,eOe n Il. =

Newark. n a. Eel szf.- Yegsinen.
after bortnz . hcls il IN outside wsil
of the jexeiry factory of 6srtiil Ii.
wiedmanQ today fofced = anfe and
disappearfz WITH ,ex<lsx va,ned zt
The Washington herald., 1920-02-22
on i. scA,is L....eh.a.

Baitimor M Feb, n.-rhe stand
aia - sAnf steamship Ar,o
was ls ne yards OF m.
sethlci >, s-t AIDING Company.
sss7W foi g.Ay. Miss Helen +
,sssss4s fr-ttr Carey. gen
S.. - 81 ~ IN, g..
ssss ~. ID sponsor