Arizona republican., 1920-10-14
XII. THE eRANr-eREELEY RACE
 OF 1872
By Frederic ]. Haskin


 WASHINGTON, Oct. 12-The presi- dential campaign of 1872 resulted in a tragedy-the insanity and death of Horace Greeley. It took the organiza- tion of the Republican party out of the hands of the men who had founded 1t and turned it over to another group of Republicans, in whose control it re- mained until after the rise of Roose- welt. It added to the lexicon of Dem ocratic party historians the phrase the Greeley fiasco." And, more im- portant than all, it marked the be- ginning of the end of the political par ty organ newspaper. and was respon- sible for an independent press.
 The Liberal Republican movement of 1S1l-72 was the most considerable de- lection the Republican party had sui fered since it's organization. Its effect on the party was not disastrous but it carried into the Democratic party many of the men who were most prominent in the early days of Repub licanism. It is a remarkable fact that more than two-thirds of the men prominent in the Republican conven- tions of 1865 and 1860 died Democrats. or Independents
 Even more remarkable is the fact that this great defection from Repub- lican ranks was the result of a move ment headed by Clement Vallandig- ham of Ohio. Vallandigham was the arch h-Copperhead of the whole Nsrth, was arrested by General Burnside and banished to the Confederate states of America, and was execrated by every loyalist north of the Mason and Dixon s line. Yet it was this same Vallandig- ham who, in 1871, in the famous Day. ton platform, declared for the unifica- tion of all elements opposed to Grant on the basis of complete acceptance oi the results of the war. the reconstruc- ton policy, the amendments to tho constitution and so on. So radically did this policy differ from that former ly held by northern Democrats that tho Nallandigham movement was called The New Departure"
 A Newspaper Campaign
 The Democratic press, headed by tn Missouri Republican, afterward the St Louis Republic. and the LouisviIl, Courier-Journal, broke away from con Nentional moOrings and hailed tn, New Departure as the political sal vation of the land The Vallandighan origin of the movement was lost sigh of and Editor Grosvenor of St. Loui and Editor Watterson of Louisville became the leaders in the Democrat ranks.
 Meanwhile General Grants admin istration was alienating old time Re publican leaders by the score. Genera Grant was a great soldier. but his mos ardent admirers cannot commend hi Judgment in selecting men to assis l him in civil administration Scandal without number were continually aris | ing. The seertary of war, William N Belknap, and the sercetary of the nav, George M. Robeson. were accused c all kinds of graft. The New York Sur then edited by Charles A. Dana, ever day thundered against the Robbers s | Washington" Meantime General Gran was blind to many things, was blind ed to others. was too trustful of som of his advisers. and was attempting run the whole administration on military plan.
 Horace Greeley raised the flag of re volt in the Tribune. Charles Sumne another chieftain of the anti-slaver agitators joined in. Cassius Nj. Cla of Kentucky and Hinton R. Helper , North Carolina, the premier souther abolitionists and Republicans. followt the new departure" The movemer was crystalized by the merging of pai ty lines in Missouri in an effort to ga complete amnesty for Confederate so 4 diers in that state. The Missouri leas CTS issued a call for national COT vention to meet at Cincinnati.
 Gathering of the Great
 When the Liberal Republican, n; uonal convention met at Cincinnati ( May l, the country believed it faced political crisis. The personnel of Ii convention was extremely able Ee 1f fn1r-f -frrera sv. Nl..
 the country showed so many famo names on the roster. Carl Schurz " permanent chairman and he made f speech of party revolution The lea ing candidate at first was Chart Francis Adams of Massachusetts. Ne 10 his was Mir. Greeley, and then |, man Trunbull of Illinois. R. Ora Brown of Missouri, David Davis Illinois, Andrew c. Curtin of Penns, vania and the perennial Salmon
 Chase.
 Greeley was nominated on the si, ballot and B. Gratz Brown of Misso was chosen for second place on i ticket. Greeley was the founder a editor of the Tribune and the m eminent newspaper man in the count Brown had risen 10 prominence as editor of the St. Louis Democrat. sir consolidated with the Globe to form 1iODe-DeHOcTdl- IL IS the only
 stance that a national ticket Y named composed exclusively of jol nalists.
 Newspapers of great influence r lied to Greeley's support. Dana of
 Sun and Bennett of the Herald bait for him in New York. Henry Watt son. today the only survivor of that of journalistic giants, was in the "
 thick of the battle for Greeley and l form. Alexander K. Mcclure, Mu
 Halstead Samuel Bowles of
 Springfield Republican Horace WI
 of the Chicago Tribune, Frank Le
 and scores of others were declaring
 election of Greeley and the defeat
 Grant necessary to save the reput
 So bitter was the denunciation
 Grants administration that the pr
 did not hesitate 10 take up J
 Blacks statement that no tyranny