Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-09-19

lay, in Burmah, Wnere ne TeinAiHeu ~!
several months until the excitement
subsidized. Upon being released Raj
was acclaimed by a crowd or ad-
mirers in Lahore. and carried IN
triumph upon mems shoulders through
the streets.
Advocated Self-Government.
For the next ten years Raj advo-
Gated. with voice and pen. self-gov-
eminent for India. but not by armed
revolt. He favored passive resistance
Ito the British government. The pres
emit widespread boycott of everything
British is due, in a measure, TO ms
influence. Raj lectured in the united
States in 1915 and 1917 on the Indian
relation to the religions Of India:
According to DIR. N. S. -Hardiker,
who succeeded Raj as director OF the
Indian information bureau mere. the
modern nationalist movement oates
from the unsuccessful war OF indepeno-
successive stages. he says. have been
partly as follows:
1s5S-Queen Victoria assured the
Indians Of Justice under the British
crown"
1ss1-Imperial legislative councils
increased and additional provincial
councils formed.
1S7l-The first Indian national or
ganization known as the Indian as
ISOLATION, formed for political propa-
ganda among the Hindus.
1S79-Nationalist press curbed by
1SS4-First nationalist assembly. the
Indian national union. formed by Cal
cutta students.
1SS5-Ffrst Indian national congress
convenes in Bombay.
Opposition Force Recognized.
1ss7-British recognize Indian con-
gress as an Opposition" force.
1s97-First assassination of British
officers in Poona marks beginning Of
isoi-Indian troops fight for Eng
land in Boer war.
1sos-Hindus protest against Brit
ish expeditions to Tibet.
1s04-Lord Curzon. viceroy Of India.
holds Dunbar at Delhi against wishes
1904-Passage Of universities act
deprives Indian colleges Of independ.
ence: result Of Russo-Japanese war
gives impetus to all-India movement.
19o5-Division Of province of Bengal
and revision Of taxation regulations
walls.
isos-Indian national congress meets
at Calcutta and demands self-govern-
E Iso7-Propaganda centers estab-
lished in foreign countries to agitate
Indian independence; radical and lib
leraI nationalists in India split
1908-M. L. Dhingra assassinates
Sir Curzon Wyllie. q member Of the
fro , 500 sso aa
other bomb-throwing and assassina-
tions and the Imprisonment of In
dian leaders, including b. G. Tilak,
editor Of Kesari (the Lion). an In
dian vernocular newspaper and the
nationalist leader Of India; In addi-
men by Baccites to gather revolu-
tionary funds have been reported
from 1915 to 1920.
1909-Morley-Minto anti-revolution
government reforms introduced under
the vice royalty Of Lord Mimic.
191o-Wholesale arrests. deporta-
tions. imprisonments and hangings of
Indian students for bomb throwing
and conspiracy in Maniktola, Alipare.
Benares. Mask. Kolhapur and other
places.
1s12-Attempt on life of Lord Hard
ing Of Lady Hardinge.
Nunerous Movements Start.
1914 to 19l7-Numerous social, poll
| tica1 and industrial movements
started as follows: ~ All-India So
cial movement for the reformation of
social customs and traditions: (2) ALL
India depressed classes movement for
the alienation of the conditions of
the poorest elements in India; (3) The
one language movement for the adop-
ton of Hindustanee as the language
Of India; a. The Industrial move
ment for the organization of the vast
masses Of Indian farmers and factory
workers.
1s15-Three hundred Sikhs (natives
of the Punjab) sailed from Calcutta
on q Japanese ship, Roma Gaia Maru.
for Canada. to test anti-Indian i'm
migration laws. Forbidden to land at
Vancouver. B. c.. and returned to In
dia, more than half were killed and
many arrested in riots which ensued
upon their landing.
191s-Home rule leagues were
started under the leadership of Mrs
Annie Besant and the late B. G. Tilak
Tilak previously had inaugurated re-
and Shivaji. The Ganpati festival was
a celebration in honor OF Ganesh. 'the
god of success" and Shivaji COM
memorated the founder of the Mahra-
tina empire. the great southern king
dom of India, which fell in 1918. In
1916 also, the Hindus and Mohamme,
dams at congress in Lucknow united
lin their fight for self-government and
the freedom Of India.
Developments Of 1917.
| 1s17-British governments action
| in informing Mrs. Besant for ma
tionalist activity protested all over
India She was finally released. Par
| lament discusses proposed change In
1.-THE structure OF the government OF
| India"
1s1s-Edwin S. Montagu, secretary
| Of state for India, visits India to con-
| suit with the viceroy, Lord Chelms'
| ford, on proposed changes for reform
End of world war and the armistice
| brings era of hope to India.
+ 19lS-Montagu reform bill OBJ
! structed by disclosures Of commit
| tee. headed by Justice Rawlatt. or
extent of revolutionary activities
! Rawlatt, or "black BILL" passed to
| combat radicals. blasts home-rule
| aspirations of Indians. Nationwide
| strikes occur and martial law is de-
cIared. During this period, on April
IA occurred the massacre at Amrttsar
| in which 5000 Indians were fired upor
| by order Of the British Gen. Dyei
and 1900 were slain and $500
is2oWReport Of the committee
headed by Lord Hunter and appointed
by the government OF India to in.
yestiRate the Amritsar affair and
| other disturbances 10 submitted. Mod,
I flied Montagu reform bills denounced
\ by all-India congress committee al
| "inadeouate, unsatisfactory and dis
| appointing" The committee passed
q resolution. however. that EFFORT!