davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

Below is the clipping that forms the
text for Mr.. Rice's letter:
ITO the Editor of the Post:
"Sir-I note with interest the report
OF your staff correspondent concerning
the frame of mind of the farmers of New
Hampshire.
"Produce and yet produce to win the
war and save the world has been repeat
ed by thousands of farmers in this state.
"Shoes and all kinds of clothing at
fabulous prices and still mounting; kero.
sene % cents, and gasoline 33 cents per
gallon, and no stopping place In sight;
grain 81 per bag; hired help, $40 per
month and board to 81 per day, and the
selling price of all bis farm stock cut
fully rs per cent since that noble investi-
cation Of the 81. G. L. by Congress, the
farmer finds himself hitched outside like
the faithful ass that carried his master
to the kings banquet.
"The farmers Of this state are on an
average a little over 81 years of age.
What would you do, Mr.. Editor?
"During the war the farmer put him.
self to still more strenuous efforts while
his sons and hired men went to the
front. With those added costs that
have enumerated we now face another
increase of at least Is per cent on charges
for getting our products to market.
'In yesterdays paper came report of
731 men in Chicago that pay an income
tax of 100000 and up. No doubt
official Washington will start q produce
propaganda. Yes, plant your war gar
dens every one and note the cost. I am
going to plant one, too, and that is all.
"That the consumer pays enough is
true. When he gets hungry he may use
his wits and find ont where the trouble
is.
R. L. CUMMINGS.
"West Paris, Ne.
"P. S.-I have been q farmer for 27
years."
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
What Maine Tractor Owners Say.
IN. d. Jones, farm management extension
specialist.)

IN. d. Jones, farm management extension
speciaist)
The average life of q farm tractor In
Maine, according to estimates made by
125 tractor owners In the state, Is 10
years; the average cost of its operation
per 10-hour day, $7.64, exclusive of the
labor of the driver. The items compris-
ing this amount are: IA gallons of gaso-
line, 3.7S; depreciation, 1925; interest
on investment, 10 cents; repairs, 45
cents; oil, 45 cents.
These 125 men plowed each an averages
of Sc acres and narrowed % acres per
l0-bour day. The cost per acre for use
of the machine was $1.1s for plowing
and 33 cents for narrowing. The tract
ors were used an average OF 38 days on
farm work and eight days on belt work.
The principal uses were In narrowing,
plowing, digging potatoes, spreading
manure, thresbing and saving wood.
Very few farmers considered them adapt
ed to- drawing loads. In few cases
they were used for hauling rocks, pull
ing stumps and moving. Three farmers
reported using their tractors for hauling
grain binders and two for raking hay.
are owned are chiefly on rolling or level
land; only 81 farmers reported having
any billy land. The average size of the
farms on which the tractor can be worked
is 158 acres.
Fifty-eight of these men disposed of
one or more horses each after buying a
tractor, q total of 144 horses being thus
dispensed with on the 1875 farms. Nine
teen men reported working additional
land, totalling 479 acres.
The reports showed that the tractors
arc labor-savers. Sixty-three reported q
total saving of S526 days of hired labor
last year. This is no small item, consid-
ering the scarcity Of labor.
To the inquiry as to whether they con-
slider tractor profitable investment on
their farms, 118 replied in the aff1rms-
tive, three In the negative and six failed
to answer. Asked to state the principal
advantages Of the tractor, 78 replied, In
substance, that they get their work done
quicker; 81 reported better work; 81
i getting their crops in earlier; "a, saving
OF expense; Is, saving of man-power;
II, heavier work accomplished; 8, q say.
ing of horse-labor.
II To summarize the replies, the big
n advantage Of the tractor In Maine is thai
1t makes possible faster work In spring
when the horses are soft and the weather
warm, thus getting the crops into th,
ground earlier and giving . longer grow
ing season. r-T
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
New Facts In Insect Control.
wv. G. O'Kane, Professor Of Entomology Ne
Hampshire State College)

wv. G. O'Kane, Professor Of Entomology New
Hampshire State Colege.)
You can divide insect pests into two
groups, those that belong here and those
that do not. We do not always see very
much of those that belong here. They
are like juniper bushes and gray bircbes.
They are everywhere all the time, but, as
a rule, we live along in their company
quite peaceably. The insect pests that
are causing unmitigated damage, appar-
emily increasing every year In extent, are
foreign species that have no business to
be here at all. We are just beginning to
get together the important facts about
these unwelcome visitors, and to find out
what we can and can't do about them.
A foreign insect has extraordinary ca
pacity for damage II 1t once gets estab.
lished, because It is free from the natural
enemies that hold it in check In It's ma
tive land. We can see how the thing
works by observing some Of our native
insects. Tent caterpillars are native and
sometimes abundant and destructive, but
usually they amount to little.
On the contrary, potato bugs are i'm
ported. So are cabbage worms, the cab
bage maggot, most scale insects, the
gipsy moth, the browntail moth and
about 80 others of the most serious pests
that are menacing agriculture In the
United States to-day.
The big fact about these foreign in
sects is that we've got to keep any fur
ther new species out of this country, un-
less we are willing to put an intolerable
burden on our farmers and fruit grow
ers. The only way that can be done is
by extensive regulations OF imports OF
plants and plant material. For the first
time we have recently seen the estab.
lishment of Federal quarantine prop
erly restricting entry of imported plants.
Even now the Federal horticultural
board, which has such inspection In
charge, is unable to provide anything
like the number OF inspectors needed,
because 1t has not yet been given sufi.
cient funds by Congress.
With the insects that have already be.
come established here, such az the gipsy
moth and now the corn.borer, we have
learned that the best we can do to allevi-
ate the damage is to discover and Import
natural enemies that will help to hold
them In check. Such pests cannot be
eradicated once they are thoroughly es-
tablished.
The big bill that we are footing for in
sect damage Is three-fourths due to i'm
ported pests. We must take every possi-
BILE measure to avoid adding to the list
of these foreign species that are preying
on American agriculture and horticul-
ture,
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Separator Efficiency.
Il. II. Dorsey, Assistant Professor Of Animal
Industry

AuuubtIyJ
The hand separator, suoh as is used on
the farm for separating cream from milk,
may, II operated correctly, show high
efficiency In It's operation. By efficiency
we mean clean skimming, there being
left In the skinned milk only Q mere
trlfle of butterfat. Quite frequently,
however, one finds that the separator is
not showing the highest efficiency posi-.
BILE. There are number Of causes which
result In decreased separating deficiency.
They are as follows: Milk at too low
temperature; under speed Of bowl; too
great inflow Of milk; machine not level;
dirty bowl.
Milk when lower In temperature than
$50 r. does not separate we'll because the
cream clogs it's outlet, causing much Of
the whole milk to leave the bowl through
the SKINNED milk outlet, thus increas.
ing the amount of fat In the skinned
milk very much.
When the bowl is run ct a speed under
normal the separation of cream is not
thorough, and of consequence, the
SKINNED milk will test much higher than
1t should.
Wu6u Gu6 uO2t u uOt ubou huu tuo
milk allowed to flow into the bowl at
rate greater than for normal inflow, the
whole milk crowds out through the
skinned milk outlet giving high per
cent of fat In the skinned milk.
When the separator is not In q level
position there Is considerable vibration
impaired to the bowl. This vibration
causes more or less Of the whole milk to
be thrown out through the skinned
milk outlet. Vibration may also come
from excessively worn bearings.
II q separator bowl Is not thoroughly
cleaned each time it is used, about three
times as much fat is lost In the skinned
milk as when the bowl is properly
cleaned.
The foregoing brief explanation goes
to show that separator in order to give
the best results in operation, must be
firmly secured In place and quite level;
must be properly cleaned each time it is
used; and must be operated at the re-
quired speed. In addition the tempers-
ture Of the milk must be at least $50 F.
and the inflow of milk into the bowl not
greater than normal. Furthermore, the
bearings of the machine must not be al
lowed to become worn too much before
they are replaced,
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Maine Territory for Brief PerIod9

Did Maine cease to be o part OF Massa-
chusetts simultaneously with Its admis.
sion into the Union as state, or did 1t
cease to be a part of Massachusetts, q
short time before March 10, 1920, when
it was admitted into the Unionp "A Bio.
graphical Congressional Directory" says
(page 93): "Previous to March 3, 1920.
Maine was a part of Massachusetts,, and
was called the District of Maine,' and
its Representatives were numbered With
those of Masssc chusetts; by compact be-
tween the two states, Maine became Q
separate and independent state, and by
act of Congress Of March 3, 1920, was
admitted into the Union as such, the
admission to date from the fifteenth OF
the same month" Is that statement that
Maine ceased to be part of Msssachu.
setts on March 8, 1920, correctp II SO,
from March 8 to March Is, 1920, Maine
was neither part of Massachusetts nor
a state In the Union. If that was the
case. what was the political status OF
Maine during that brief periodp Was 1t
territoryP
INQUIRER.
Note-There may be flue point here
which some one with legal mind can
solve; but 1t looks ct this time as II the
act of Congress on March 8, 1920, simply
flxed the date when the. transference
should take place; aud that the status ol
the District Of Maine In its relation tc
Massach chusetts remained tha same up tf
March ID, when the actual and. ofacia
separation took plsce.--ED.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

Information received by the United
States Department Of Agriculture fs to
the effect that In some states dealers are
displaying signs, sSeeds sold for feeding
purposes only" Those sigps are for
the purpose Of evading the state laws
requiring purity tag on bags of seeds
sold. Seed sold "for feeding purposes
only" 10 almost sure to be below stand.
ard. Buy nothing but tested seed, the
department advises.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
The new members of the state com
The Recent Aurora,

The people of Oxford County may be
interested in the explanation OF Professor
Monroe B. Snyder, director of the Phila-
delphia Observatory, of the recent dis
play of northern lights. 1t follows:
"The recent aurora Is fine indication
of the explosive atomic disintegration
which takes place at the surface of the
sun and is responsible for Its promi-
nences, spots and corona. Our discovery
of the magnitude and precise atomic
order of the explosion of the chemical
elements in the sun, and In the stars
generally, leads to conceptions OF the
aurora and the accompanying magnetic
and electric storms, which are beyond
any doubt as to their validity.
"During the hours Of Monday night
last, the earth was In very true sense,
and to the delight of US all, passing
through the outer confines of the solar
corona. The same universal force of
radioaction which disintegrates the
atoms in stupendous localized Krakstoas,
or Mount Peees, on the sun, and pro-
duces the hydrogen OF the coronsl
streamers, then also hurled the final
atoms of that explosion, namely, elec-
trified hydrogen, and probably helium,
straight to the earth.
"Only within about month of the
equinox, vernal, or autumnal, ie the
earth In an orbital position to be thus
successfully bombarded. The moving
electric hydrogen is, of course, an cleo.
trio current, and is therefore carried
toward the poles of the earth and round
them by tile esrth's magnetic forces.
The fascinating colors of the aurora are
due to the changing electric excitation
of the hydrogen and other gases. The
theory of Vegard, the Swedish physicist,
which has explained the wonderful cur
tanned auroras as due to hydrogen parti-
cles, of positive electric charge, is now
shown to be unquestionably true, in that
it is but logical result of the explosive
eruption of the electric hydrogen from
the sun.
"The well. known delay, or lag In time,
between the solar eruption and the ap-
pearance of the magnetic storm, and
accompanying aurora, on the earth, OF
about 45 hours, is due to the time taken
for the hydrogen atoms to travel from
the sun to the earth. The rate of travel
Ii aOOuI Olo mIob poE 1oCouus VI oouo
what in excess OF the rate of the upward
movement of the gases in some of the
great solar prominences.
"The numerous and complex details
of the auroral phenomena are found thus
to receive, for the first time, reasonable
explanation. Additional confirmation
of this explanation is given by the fact
that our discoveries also prove that all
the elemental atoms, so wonderfully ex-
plosive In the stars, are structural prod
ucts OF hydrogen"
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Here and There.

Forty years ago, people who claimed
to be literary In this vicinity, and even
those who did not make such claim,
were interested In Mrs. Humphry Wards 9
novel, "Robert Elsmere." It was q dis
oussion Of current religious problems,
and rather protest against what at that
time was considered revolutionary. But
most Of the things she protested against
appear to have been evolutionary rather
than revolutionary, and to-day are con.
sidersd orthodox enough. Mrs. Ward
wrote other interesting books, but per.
haps none of them created the interest of
"Robert Elsmere." This recollection il
brought to the fore this week by the
death OF Mrs. Ward, which occurred in Q
London hospital Wednesday of heart dis
ease. She was born in Tasmania in 1851,
the daughter Of Thomas Arnold, who
was Q son of DR.. Arnold of Rugby, and
q brother of the poet, Matthew Arnold.
In 1872, she married Thomas Humphry
Ward, himself writer. Mrs. Ward sp-
pears to have been conservative about
most things. Her latest activities were
In opposition to woman suffrage in Eng
land.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
About the sWlnaknlfe.

A swingknife Is a wooden sword, ID
to "a inches long and 8 to 10 inches
broad, used to scrape the woody por-
ton from fax, a handful. Of which
hangs over a groove in the starding
board known as the swingstock.
Swingknives are still used in the man.
ufacture Of fax in parts Of the Old
World, but modern machinery has
pretty generally displaced them.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

One of the outstanding features OF the
Colby centennial exercises next june
will be the presentation OF medals to the
Colby men who saw service on land OF
sea during the great war. There ere
about $50 sons of the college who will be
thus honored, and . committee, OF which
Norman L. Bassett, '91, OF Augusta, i
the chairman, has designed the medal
which . Boston firm ID now making.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

The "Save Money on Meat Week. In
New England, Instituted by the United
States Department Of Justice, and men
toned In arecent Issue of the Democrat,
has been postponed from the week be-
ginning March 20, to that Of April u. II
is understood the reason for POSTPONE
ment was that on account Of holy Week
the consumption Of meat wss likely to
be much reduced on the period begin
ming March 30. -,
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
The Eastern Steamship line between

The Eastern Steamship line between
Portland and Boston, which fas been
carrying freight only, resumed passenger
service Saturday night with the steamer
Ransom B. Fuller in,commission. She
will sail from Portland on Mondays,
Wednesdays and Fridays, and from Bos.
ton on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Satur-
dsys.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

It is well to divide the scraps and
waste from the kitchen and place ina
receptacle the portion adapta-
Bile for feeding to the flock. Decom.
posed waste material or moldy bread or
cake should never be fed to hens, as It 10
harmful and may cause severe bowel
trouble. II Is useless to put In such
things as banana peels or skins Of
oranges, as these have little or no food
value.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
FOR SALE.

My farm and farming tools, situ.
ated one-half mile from Paris Hill
village. For further particulars in.
quire of
SEWARDP. STEARNS,
I3-is South Paris, Me.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
A. Mad Carr

Myself and family were out for our
usual Sunday ride. We were driving
along q fairly smooth road. which
gradually became more rough. Finally
little Rose, who, had become tired Of
being bumped about exclaimed; "oh.
mamma. has the car lost its tempsry
Exchange.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
NOTICE.

The subscriber hereby gives notice tnas ne
has been duly appointed guardian OF
'A' NARY A.sADLER. OF Fryeburg.
In the County Of Oxford. and given oonus
as the law directs. All persons nAvins
demands against the estate OF said oeceaseo ~
desired 10 present the same for settlement. ano
ali indebted thereto are requested 70 make pay
T HARRY A. HUBBARD, Portland. Maine;
March 18th. 1910. lo-Lo
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06

Beet-top silsge will increase the fow
of milk of ewes at lambing time. II II
best to start feeding only shout pound
per head daily and gradually TO increase
tho quantity to 8 pounds per dsy. The
udder may become feverish II this
caution II not observed.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Conditions That Bar Happiness.

Conditions That Bar Happiness
No man can be happy when he de-
spises his own acts. when he has any
consciousness Of wrong, whether OF
motive or act. No man can be happy
when he harbors thoughts Of revenge.
jealousy, envy or hatred. BE must
have a clean heart and q clean con-
science, or no amount Of money OF
excitement can make; him happy
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Green Bone.

Green cut bone, when fed fresh, makes
On excellent substitute for beef scrap In
the poultry dook'a diet. Il must be pur-
chased In small quantities, ~ 1t can not
be kept fresh for sny length Of time,
especially In warm weather, and when
spoiled may cause severe bowel trouble.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Democratic Convention.

The State Democratic Convention was
held in Bangor on Tuesday. Louis j.
Braun of Lewiston presided.
In their platform they endorsed the
administration Of President Wilson; fa-
vor the ratification of the Peace Treaty;
also favor an amendment to the national
constitution submitting amendments to
the constitution to people Of the several
states instead of to the Legislatures; de-
clare for reforestration of land suitable
for that purpose; favor liberal policy
of highways; the election OF the Public
Utilities Commission by direct vote OF the
people; and the repeal of the direct pri-
mary law.
The delegates to the national conven'
tion chosen follow:
Oakley c. Curtis, Portland.
Daniel ]. McGillicuddy, Lewiston.
William r. Pattangall, Augusta.
Harry A. Saunders, Greenyille, at large.
Frank II. Haskell, Portland:
Rev. /. T. johnson, Yarmouth.
Leslie G. Boynton, Jefferson.
r. Z. Dunn, Thomaston.
NJ. r. Knowlton, Belfast.
II. B. Crosby, Waterville.
Bertrand G. McIntire, Norway.
Alternates:
Thomas r. Locke, Biddetord.
Albert D. Morneau, Lewiston.
VIM. P. Hurley, Rockland.
Thomas F. Doherty, Houlton, at large.
Edward w. Murphy, Portland.
Lucius B. Sweet, Sanford.
Herbert D. Maxwell, Bath.
Cornelius Doherty, Rockland.
VIM. Bigelow, Pittsaeld.
John McCurdy, Lubec.
Leon G. @. Brown, Milo.
Fred w. Hill, Dexter.
Below is the county committee for OK
ford County:
State Committee-Fred l.. Edwards, Bethel.
Vice President-Y. A. Thurston, Andover.
Resolutions-Matthew Mccarthy.
Rumford-R. 8. Melcher, e. j. Roderick.
MexicO-B. w. Goodwin.
Andover-Y. A. Thurston.
Norway-Robert Seavey.
Waterford-L. E. McIntire.
South Paris-W. o. rockingham, Ernest hec'
ord.
BuckHeld-Fred A. Taylor.
Bethel-Paul G. Thurston.
Lovell-Waldo Seavey.
Hanover-Alton Bartlett.
Porter-Jacob l.. Mason.
Hiram-Charles Cotton.
Fryeburg-Elba Johnson.
Hartford-Oscar Turner.
Canton-F. w. Morse.
Hon. B. G.. McIntire of Norway an
nounced that he would file nomination
papers as candidate for governor.
The nominees for presidential electors
are:
George NJ. Blake, Portland.
James Russell, Pennington.
Edward Chase, Barring.
Terrence B. Towle, Bangor.
Melvin P. Milliken, Stockholm.
James Pulsifer, Auburn.
The new members of the state COM
mittee are:
James B. Madigan, Houton.
George NJ. Blake, Portland.
Sherman L. Berry, Waterville.
Wesley Hyde, Boothbay Harbor.
j. Edward Sullivan, Bangor.
Judge Hiram Gerrish, Brownville.
Ralph o. Dale, Bath.
Ralph T. Darby, Belfast
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
7, h..,r. - Ioot =. n our n .ine farm

II begins to look a II our Maine farm
ers are keeping more Of their calves. It
is one of tho turns iu.the milk question.
Meal and grain have been used for feed
for calves very extensively and to all lap
pearancss the calves make just ~ good
COWS on reaching maturity. By Ill means
keep the calves this spring.
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
Setting Eggs

from my selected breeders of Brown
and White Leghorns. 81 for 49,
Orders taken in L. L. Russell's grain
mill.
F. TAMM, South Paris.
lsN TX
Oxford Democrat. [volume] (Paris, Me.) 1833-1933, 1920-04-06
FOR SALE.

One Jersey COW, s years old, due
to freshen about March 40. Also
one three-year-old heifer. Will sell
or exchange for good potatoes.
CHARLES NJ. JOHNSON,
sotf Paris Hill.