The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-03

person. The sole legitimate title to owner
ship of any means of production or trade is
labor. Labor alone Is master of the sub
stance rendered most fruitful and most prof
liable in the general interest"
The port of Fiume the railroad station
and the railroads within the territorial
fines are declared the perpetual and inalien-
able property of the State, but ample con-
cessions are made for the freedom of com
merce, industry and navigation to foreigners
on the same footing as to citizens. Ma
tional Bank of Carnaro will be established
which shall issue paper money and conduct
all other operations Of credit. The status
and regulation of existing banks in Fiume
will be duly established by law. Foreign
capital will be literally safeguarded.
Three forces" says the constitution, Co
ordinate in the organization of the State as
a whole. "a The Citizenry ca the Corpora
tons: t3) the Communes." The first shall
include all citizens born. naturalized by re-
quest or honorary. Twenty is the age of
maturity. Any one of such age or over Is
eligible to office. Among those to be deprived
of civil rights are 'incorrigibles, parasites
and charges on the community, unless in
capable because of illness or old age" (No
vote for the idle rich" or the lazy poor in
DAnnunzianaD
"The State" in DAnnunzio's words, ''is the
common will and common and constant effort
of the people toward loftier degree of mate
rial and spiritual vigor. Only the assiduous
producer of the community's wealth and the
assiduous creator Of the community's power
in the republic is a complete citizen. What
ever may be the sort OF work furnished-of
hand or genius, of industry or art, Of direc-
tion or cxecution-each shall be inscribed in
one OF the ten corporations"
Fumes Ten Corporations.
Then D'Annunzo proceeds to define these
corporations. to one of which every voter
must belong or forfeit his civic right
l. Wage earners in industry, agriculture,
commerce, transportation. artisans and
small farmers who do their own work.
2. Technical corps and administrators in
private companies or business (proprietors
excluded).
3. Employees in commercial business who
are not In the labor class.
4. Employers of labor who not merely
proprietors or coproprietors, but who ac-
tualy conduct the business in which they
are interested and who therefore are useful
members Of society, according to the DAN
nunzian idea
s. AL employees In the public service.
6. The intellectual flower of the people"
Ito quote the words OF the constitution
stuOlous youth ana the lnstructors, teacn-
ers and pupils of the public schools and
students of the higher institutions of learn
ing; sculptors, painters, decorators, archi-
tects, musicians, and all who devote them
selves to the fine arts, scenic arts and orna-
mental arts.
z. All who belong to liberal professions
who are not included in the sixth corpora
ton.
9. Cooperative societies of production, of
labor. Of consumption, Industrial and agra
rian, to be represented by the administra-
tors Of these organizations
o. Sailors and those who make their liv-
ing of the sea.
Here the constitution become apocalyptic.
Just what II means each must judge for
himself. shall try to do it into" English.
THE tenth corporation II says, has
neither art nor number or word. It's com
pletion Is awaited as that of the tenth Muse.
IL Is reserved for the mysterious forces OF
the people in travail and in ascension. II
IL like a votive figure dedicated to the UNI
known genius to the appearance of the new
est man, to the ideal TRANSPORTATION of
abors and days, to the complete liberation
of the spirit from painful anxiety and bloody
sweat, 1t Is represented In the civic sane
tuary by a burning lamp bearing inscribed
thereon an ancient Tuscan saying of the
epoch OF the Communes, a wonderful allu-
sion to a spiritualized form of human labor:
"Fatica senza Fatica'-"work without
Work" Perhaps II might be expressed,
Work that is JOY"
Each Of these corporations shall be self
governing and shall function did the old
guilds OF the Middle Ages Furthermore
each shall elect from its members at least
five delegates to a legislative body to be
known as the ConstOlto di ProUUisori, which
shall not exceed sixty In number and whose
term OF office is two years. Twice a year
they must meet to consider legislation deal
ing with commercial and maritime affairs.
labor. public works, transportatio1 c''s oms
tariff, banking, arts and trades.
Two Legislative Bodies.
The other legislative body o. the l:egency
shall be known as the Copsi1lio deot Ottip,i,
elected for terms of three years by individual
suffrage, in the proportional system. without
class restriction. one representation Tor every
thousand eligible vo.er They shall handle
questions dealing with the civil and penal
code the police, national defence higher
tubic instruction, the fine arts and rela ..
tions between the State and the autonomous
Communes into which the latter shall he
subd.vided. This body must meet at least
once n year. Like the ConstOlto di Prof.
,;isoyi. It must make its discussions and
sessions az brief as possible-"con breritd
sptceomente concise" to quote D'Annunzios
actual phrase. II remains 10 be seen II this
clause of the new Fiume constitution Will
equal in effectiveness or compare in popu-
larity with the Eighteenth Amendment TO
our Constitution--which, let me hasten to
say, has no counterpart in the DAnnunzio
design.