The Carlisle independent., 1920-08-26
TREATMENT OF ANTHRAX

Anthrax immunity from the use of Anti-anthrax serum cannot be obtain ed by single vaccination, but good re- suits will nearly always follow if vac cination is resorted to about April l, and repeated in June. If anthrax ap- pears in a community it has been found very necessary to follow the plan of treatment indicated below:
 It has been the experience of this department that after an outbreak makes it's appearance the use of the single treatment should be limited to herds which do not show symptoms of the disease or better to herds that are not dangerously exposed to the infection. Following vaecination-si- multaneous method-it requires two to four weeks to get the proper immu- nity; therefore, you can readily see that in an infested herd or herds that ae dangerously exposed the majority of the animals die before you can hope for immunity.
 We would advise the use of serum alone in infested or dangerously ex- posed herds. The best results can be obtained by the use of serum alone in such herds in dosage from 50 to 100 c. c. injected interveniously in all an imals that do not show a rise of tenn perature. All animals showing a rise of temperature above 1O1 should be given 100 to 150 c. c. of serum inter veniously. Such animals should be temperatured the following day and animals that do not show a drop in temperature to normal should be re- treated, using the same amount of Se- rum.
 Furthermore, we believe that by treating in this way the results that you will obtain will be more than sat isfactory. It has been our experience that 500 c. c. of serum seems to be sufficient for any animal in quantity as above directed.
 The technique of anthrax vaccina- tion in infected herds is very complex and requires the services of an exper- fenced veterinarian to obtain satisfac- tory results. This disease is highly infectious to man and the layman does not realize the danger of injecting himself. The necessity of re-vaccinat- ing can be shown by the fact that we have found in our field work several specific cases in animals which have had at least two attacks of anthrax in Ia short time, which could not be con- sidered as relapse. These animals however had not been vaccinated The serum treatment is the only recog- nized treatment for anthrax, and it is useless to resort to blistering or exter- nal applications, as the germ of this disease is in the blood-stream and the local swellings are secondary con dition.
 If the livestock owners will lend every effort in the attempt to avoid as much as possible serious recur- renee of an outbreak of this virulent disease the losses can be greatly re- duced. We suggest early vaccination and burning of all carcasses at any time of the year. We have found up- on investigation that this disease oc- CUTS more often in specially infested areas. If at all possible cultivate these areas for several years and do not use them for pasture. People liv- ing in these areas should follow these instructions rigidly and we are posi- tive that the spread of the infection can be reduced. A good fly repellant is found very beneficial in anthrax communities, as the fly is a trans miter of this disease.