davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1920-11-28
of the Simultaneous Chess Games Paris
Where SYearOld Samuel Rzeszewski Beat All the Old
Gray-Bearded Chess Champions of France

and no attention should be paid to his
silly suggestions.
Samuel made no remarks, but watched
his father play, and when he had lost the
game the child reconstructed the chess
men on the board, played his own sug-
gested move and showed how 1t could not
possibly fail to win. He was five years old
then. From that time on the boy beat his
father at every game and all of the neigh
bors who came to the house.
So far as can be ascertained, none Of
the boys ancestors were chess players or
notable in any other achievements. Aside
from his extraordinary genius at chess.
there Is nothing unusual or remarkable
about Samuel. He Is In all other respects
a normally bright, healthy child. He likes
football can box a little, eats the usual
things, sleeps ten or eleven hours and is
especially interested in his new bicycle.
He has one brother and two sisters who
are not remarkable in any way and who
4 ~ v~yox Oh
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

himself as he marched from game to game
making his moves.
On the other side Of the chess boards
were several dozen generals, colonels.
majors and captains In full uniform-an
imposing general staff Of specialists, strate-
gists and chess experts. But this did not
disconcert the eight-year-old. The child
trotted right around from table to table
and quickly won nineteen OF the twenty
games. The twentieth game was called a
draw-the child had neither won nor lost
} IT. Samuel once again remarked casually
that he had never been beaten.
How does he do It?
Science Is endeavoring to find out.
II science can fathom the mystery Of
this extraordinary childish brain, can it
learn how to guide this boy genius on %
greater things and produce wonderful
super-brain which will solve useful prob
lens for all mankind that now lie be-
yond the reach Of human minds?
Scientists who have studied Samuel
claim that the boy goes through seven.
teen processes Of thinking in the time
that one person usually takes to think
once. The boy runs through and solves
in two minutes the complicated problem
lying before him on the chess board which
requires half an hour of study by expert
enced chess experts. What is the secret
Of little Samuel's superior mental equip
ment? Science hopes to find out.
Already the scientists have accumulated
many interesting facts in regard to defec-
tive children and exceptional or precocious
children. The common belief that tn.
very bright child is likely to be feeble In
health has been disproved. BY the mea.
surements of intelligence known as the
ing things have recently been discovered.
Learning to read considerably in ad-
vance Of the normal age Of six years is
one Of the most significant indications OF
superior ability The child Of four years
who learns to read as readily as the child
OF six will almost certainly show a very
high rate of intelligence under the Binet-
Simon test. The superior child will learn
to walk q little more than two weeks
sooner than q child of average ability and
sooner.
One Of the interesting and important
things already demonstrated by the scien-
tifc measuring Of children's intelligence
is that adenoids, diseased tonsils and GER
tain other physical defects are probably
not as harmful to mental development as
we have always believed. Children who
have had their adenoids or tonsils re-
moved look and act much brighter, but
Psychologist tests show that their actual
ability remains the same as before and
that they develop mentally little II any
faster.
Another popular idea which has been
pretty Thoroughly exploded by the meas
uring OF children's intelligence is the one
Great Britain Nghts Reserved.
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

him, OF course, and
when the news came
to tn g m several
months ago that the
youngster was COM
ing to America they
put their heads to-
gether and devised
three specially diff
cult chess problems.
The day after the
child walked off the
steamer he was in
vited up to the Chess
Club to tackle the
problems which the
wise ones had been
rigging up for him.
S a m uel W q 8
brought in, shook
hands with every
body, gazed about
the room, and then
in a bored sort of
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

w hoe PAoy >hOoos
Little Samuel is
less interested in
chess than in any
thing else. AS a
matter OF fact. the
game bores him and
he never asks to
play 1t. But when
the board is set and
the child is led up to
it he plays swiftly
and without hesita.
tion. Each move he
makes seem to him
the only possible
move, the inevitable
one, and he has no
second choice in his
mind or misgiv-
ings.
Samuel Is unable
to tell how 1t is that
he knows the move
which he unerringly
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

likely to be lasting. According to
this view. the superior ability which shot
up like rocket during the early years was
very apt to drop to mediocrity by the time
manhood or womanhood was reached.
Careful studies Of large number OF
children show that those who make ex-
ceptionally good records in the lower
grades also, as a rule, make superior rec
ords in high school and in college. The
reason why the superiority Of bright child
is less apparent as he grows older is that
he is constantly advancing into more high
ly selected groups, where children OF in
ferior ability grow fewer and fewer. A boy
who Is rated as very superior" in the
Fifth Grade, and as merely superior" in
high school, and only average in col.
lege, has not deteriorated; he only seems
to have done so because the average for
his class has gone up.
Everything tends to show that the SUI
periority in mental ability which shows
Itself early In life is usually permanent
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

this was because the time allowance had
expired. On one other occasion the judges
decided that h game with Rubenstein, the
draw.
Since little Samuel arrived in this coun-
try he has repeated his triumphs Of the
Old World. The members Of the Chess
Club Of New York had been hearing about
The Washington times., 1920-11-28

In other words, the little Polish boy who
beats all the chess champions is likely. un-
less some serious mistake Is made in his
education, to continue developing mental
power and to become finally great man
Of genius. ..'
Lombroso and other scientists who feel
sure that insanity and genius are closely
related will watch the career of Samuel
Rzeszewsh with keen interest. They are
curious to know whether he will duplicate
the unhappy fate Of Paul Morphy. Morphy,
like this young Polish prodigy. was an ex-
pert at chess when mere boy. and later
became the worlds champion at the game
But the brain which had shown such sur
prising promise in its early years col
lapsed when Morphy was still n young man
He went insane, and died at the age OF
thirty, a raving maniac. ...a"
The histories of other men who have at
tained eminence as chess players show that
a surprisingly large number of them have
lost their reason. Can II be that this Polish
boys remarkable precocity is only an In.
dication Of future madness, and that this
will be the prize he will ave to pay for
his childhood t.!umphs1
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
MISCELLANEOUS
DIVIDENDS DECLARED
ToNOPAH STOCKS

Warrington Pump and Machinery Co
quarterly OF ~ Der cent On preferred A,
3, and IN per cent on common, payabI" Jan.
Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co. stock dividend
OF 30 per cent on common In addition to qua r.
terly OF 81 on common. both payable Jan
uary TO stock OF record December 81.
Cructble steel Co, quarterly OF ~ per
Northern Pipe Line Co. scmiannual 81.
payable January ! to stock Of record De-
ccmb"r l3.
National Transit CO., extra ~ c~nts and
quarterly 40 cents. both payable December
borden Co. Qunrt"rly Ia per cent on pre-.
frrrcd. payable December - TO stock of
record December ].
Boston and Albany Railroad. quarterly OF
t.g5 rayabl" December 81 " stock oi
record November 80.
standard T"xtll,, Products CO.. quarterly
OF ~ per cent on preferred 49, and "IP'
and per cent on common. all payable Jan
ua~y to stock of record december Is.
CIV Inv, sting CO., : p"r cent common
payah'" December 20 TO stock OF record
Williams Tool Corpora,ion. so cents or
common paNNhlr January . to stock OF
record December 20.
Iawrrnr" Manufacturing Co. seminnnua
Of 81. uavah" D"c"mbcr ! to stock Of record
%u"rrnbrr ~.
Kcnnorutt copper quarterly ~ 20 rts
pa>:,h!" Drc"mh"r ri 20 stock ~ record De
CCr',,r u.
CnUds 60. extra ~ or"-half Of ! per cen
on common and uuHrtcrly Ut n"r cent o.
rumrur. and - per cent on preferred. al
paHrhI" December 10 to stock of r"cor'
Autn1ar 70. qunrtorly o' ~ per cent
payah', Drc'mh"r 10 to stockholders OF rec
ord November 80.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
GOSSIP OF
THE STREET

Gossip on the, street after tho closing
yesterday was moro about the position
rQf various individual prominent opera
tors than about stock market prospects.
The rank and flo were ubout satisfied,
In view of the strictly professional
calibcr of the trading, that the market
would closely follow the usual pre-
ccdent attending such violent move q.
ment rs recently experienced. There
was moro concern as TO the financial
position Of many Of the active pools
which have been doing stunts In indus
trial Spccialtics
When ii IL known that some Of the
big king pins have been severely Grip
pied. II Is only natural there should bC
some curiosity as TO how many more
are on the hospital list or awaiting I'D
mission for first aid. Such heart
breaking liquidation as was witnessed
tho last six months. with the most vio
lent phases appearing since election. Il
almost certain to leave long list "
cripplcs and lame ducks in its wake
There has been. however, a whole lot %
reckless talk by the irrcsponsiblcs. i
on" were to believe one half Of th'
stories floating around the street thcs'
days. insolvency would BE- the middle
name of almost every known promincn
operator In the big speculative game.
In view Of the prolonged liquidatins
movements, it is certain Mt any rate
that IL there are many cripplcs II vii
be found in the list Of bigger fish thar
the familiar public trader. who I'M
doubtedly got his bumps some time ago
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

criminal conduct. that Is that conduct
that IL wrong in itself.
1T IL important that productive
wealth should not be equally distributed
but only should come to men in pro
portions as they skillfully use It. Thus
the rich mans son Is handicapped aud
seldom IL ever succeeds in life.
Il believe that the business of this
country Is ovcrregulatcd and that three :
fourths Of the laws of this kind now
in existence should be repealed. AS Il
is now they destroy the freedom of the
business man and affect the working
mans job. II you look back into his
tory you will find dcspots like Nero and
Caligula among the carly regulators.
Debt to Humanity
Zone Of the big things to empha
size Is the humanitarian debt the en-
ploypr owes his employe. We should e
the limit for him. because what's goct
for labor is good for him. This facto
should enter into those with genius
for management. The man seeking a jol
should be encouraged and IL the cm
ploycr has no job for him. hr shoult
at least constitute himself an employ
mcut agency to find that man Job. ="
Mr.. Cartwright said that the Japa
neSe question was au increasingly gray,
one in this country and that the vnri
ous states would take 1t up and mak
their influence felt in Congress So TIM
the question might be solved by friend
ly negotiation between the statesmen
Of the Two countries. AS IL now stapd
the japanese does not fit into on,
schSmc of things and he exhibits
total disregard for commercial intcgrit,
as we understand IT," said Senator
Cartwright.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
RUSHFORD, N. Y, BANK FAILS
Alleged Lootlng Of Funds Causes
Financial Crash

Belfast, n. V, Nov. 24.-(By A. ~
Failure of the Rushford Bank, at
Rushford, n. V, was announced today
as the result of the alleged looting OF
its funds by Carl J. Howden, who is
alleged to have fed with $50. OF the
state Bank of Fillmore, of which he
had been president for many years.
Failure of the bank at Rushford in
wolves a losS of about $50, 900.
The Rushford Bank was privately
owned institution. run under CO.
partnership arrangement between How
den and Lucien Hardy, Of Rushford
This morning Hardy announced that q
superficial examination Of the bank
accounts indicated that its funds hat
been very largely swept away. Th'
closing of the bank was announced n
once and Hardy said he proposed askint
for a receiver. The State Bank of Fill
more will be able to survive its diff
cultics. it was declared. The bank wa'
rcopcned today under the presidency o.
Charles f. Haincs, chairman of thu
board of directors.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
Pennsy.s Stockholders Growing
The continued popularity of the
Iares of the PENNSYLVANIA Railroad

The continued popularity or the
shares Of the Pennsylvania Railroad
Co. among the smaller investors, cspc-
cially the country'S new voters ithe
wOmcn). is attcStcd in the statement
issued in connection with the payment
Of the last dividend. According to the
! statement. the holders Of the stock
reached 800 800 on November |, an III.
crcas" of 72O over October and Of
1909 over November !, 1919. 1t
constituted new high record. Aver
age holding Of shares on Novem-
hcr was 1888, aS compared with
! 77.2G on October | and with S7GS
on November |. 1919, also new
record. Geographically the percentage
of stock held on November with com
parison year ago was II" follows !;
! PENNSYLVANIA A.. 10. increase 3.'3 per
cent: New York 2S per cont. decrease
. 80 per cent; New England II ~ per
/ cent, decrease O.S2 per cent. and Tor
rign / - upr cent: decrease O.2I per
cent. Number of storkholdcrs on NO.
vcmbrr were distributed as follows
PENNSYLVANIA G4."G4. increase ,6il
New York 20, TG4 incrCns" ll1"; Now
England lG 2H3. decrease q, and for
cigu 1li2. decrease 2G7.
Women stockholders ON November !
hold ~ 20 per cen Of stock. an increase
of Oh per cent, aud numbered d2.E'I
an increase of 6GS. and constituted
a. "a per cent of the total number OF
TIE TRADER.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
Car Accommodations Reduced

A new low record in the number ot
freight cars on hand in excess of cur
rent movement was made during the
week which ended on November ) when
accumulatiOns totalcd only 30. .6G5 ears.
according to reports received by the car
service division Of the American Rail-
way Association. This was reduction
of 1879 cars under the previous week.
Cars held at ports with freight con-
signed for export or Coastwise move
ment numbered IL. .722. compared to 10,
80 cars last week. or Il decrease Of
GODS cars. While the reduction in ac-
cumulationS is one of the evidences of
increased efficiency on the part of the
railroads in moving freight, part of the
decrease this week. car service officials
said. was due to revised method Of
compiling this information by which
more accurate result Is obtained.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
URGES CLOSE union
Of MENANDOWNERS
G. W. Cartwright Declares
Union Is Necessary to De-
feat Use Of Anarchy
MORE CHARITY IS NEEDED

Mutual interests and humanitarian
methods must bc considered and worked
ont II labor and Captal are to adjust
their differences and real production
and progress are to be the order of the
day.
This is the opinion Of George w.
Cartwright. former state senator from
California. who is in the city for short
stay.
This adjustment must take place"
said Senator Cartwright. ''if the poiSoon
Of anarchism and bOlshcvism is to be
effectively countcraCtcd. otherwise
this country is headed toward con.
dition. the dangers Of which II would
he impossible to fOretcll.
"For 1000 years the world has gone
on the principles that We can make ~"
poor man richer by making IN" rich
man poor. This idea has formed the
basis Of socialism. communism and boil
shcviSm during the ages.
"WC might for convenience sake call
these classes the tall and the short man.
The short man cannot reach what the
tall man can but we must not cut down
the tall man. We must develop tho
shorter ono. according to tho law OF
compensation. the tall man can CON
sumo no more than tho short man. He
must use his surplus in providing EN-.
rloymcnt and opportunity for tue short
man.
Doesn't Believe In Charity
Il don't believe in charity. ! have
been guilty Of il in the past. and may
he again. But I believe that. repeated,
It DESTROYS a mans backbone and gives
him a wishbone. Help n man to help
himself.
"Nnturc gives talents TO men that
they may be used for the benefit of
others. She nbhors equality. For that
reason We have fat and thin men, short
and tail, we have the mus clan. the
artist. the poet and the captain of in
dustry But We all need each other.
Nature COmpcls men with talent to
serve the world
"Rockcfollcr is probably the master
business man of the world. But he can
wear no higher collar than you or me.
hc can only wear one suit at time and
he can cat no more. In fact. he eats
less. In the long run labor gets the
benefit Of any expenditure. This would
be SO under any system.
EdiSon'S Pay-Three Meals
Thomas \. Edison told me the
other day that the whole problem OF
capital and labor was contained in the
problem of the clock and the nendu
lum. Neither one can operate without
the other. I work eighteen hours a
day he said. and all I get out Of it is
three meals and chew of tobacco.
/ This is true of every business man.
There are two kinds of wealth-thc
! kind that consumes and the kind that
/ produces No man can use more than
/ his share. OF course there are extrava
gances but the amount Of waste Is
! small in comparison to the amount in
volvcd.
Economic conditions must be 8,
changed, however. that no worthy man
! shall eyer come to want. He must have
equal opportunity. so far as it is legally
possible to give TO him. I believe. how
ever. that the police power of the STATE
should b. restricted tc the restraint ot
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

service, that they all needed coal to in
sure continued operation, and that 1t
was difficult to obtain coal from the soft :
coal fields at times even though they
had contracts, and that they had been
forced to buy in the open market. The
hard coal situation was declared more
favorable.
Chairman w. d. b.. Ainey opened
the conference. The railroads and coal
companies will be heard Inter. The
chairman expressed desire to have ma =
terial upon which a system could be
worked out to insure fuel, and sug =
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
LONDON STOCK MARKET
Trading Remained Small, With Hes.
ItatIon stIIl In Evidence

London. Nov. 24.-The undertonc Of
the stock exchange marKets was steady
today. Trading remained slow. with
hesitation still In evidence Industrials
were unsettled because OF the national
finance outlt ok. Kaffirs were harder.
The feeling in the oil group was NOR"
hopeful but changes were irregular
Shell Transport was G% and Mexican
Eagle II -. \ tighter monetary situa-
ton. brought about by month-end re-
uuirements. made the gilt-edged list
f1abby.
Continental loans were less fevnrish.
Dollar descriptions were well main =
tanned. There was liquidation of Argen-
tine rails, and the shares OF home roads
were dull
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
FUEL CONFERENCE OPENS
State Service Commission Hears
Needs Of Public Utilities

Harrisburg. Nov. 24.-By A. p:C--
Representatives of the public utilities
Of Pennsylvania. including many OF the
companies operating in the larger cities,
today informed Public Service Commits
sIoncrs at the opening Of the conference
on fuel supply fo" tho winter and car
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

gested the possibility of state pr;o.,.,
orc plan, II found to, be necessarv
keep the utilities supplied with cosi
that public service would not be M int.s
rupted. e"
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
nL,TICE OF THE {. II. GEIST COMPANY
w. I.nnd Title Building

PhIIadeIphIa- Pa Nov n IN2O.
,rue Directors of Fr""purt Gas Company
We mis- day declared 4 regular quarterly
AZ lid Il Sne and 0ne-hnlf per cent al. so
ner .hnre) on thr Preferred Sl"'k Df N"
"uTrar5 Outstanding. pa}hhI" Dr""mh"r /.
la2O - hp.drrs - said s'p,k ~ record at
iSS crosc Of business his date. 6h"rCs VIII
o., ul.Iird.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
Lancaster Warehouse pes,rov.,

Lancaster, Pa, Nov. 24.-Firo !.
night destroyed the large frame WA. ss
house of Lewis Siegcl, dealer in hare
and bags. causing loss of $500 NY
Siegel Is in Philadelphia. The or;., ;M
Of the fire Is unknown. Hn
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
TIE TRADER.
LIVESTOCK QUOTATIONS

ccinis "a, 900 hend; l'r over, li36d h"nd
Very little bidding. SHARPLY lower. frM
sales at yesterdays close, one load choice
medium. weight butchers, so.
CATTLE-Estimated rec"ipts. 10; ;noo hrhd
GuE.Ep-EstlmAtcl rncrlpts. ll.OOO hrnn
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
BAR SILVER

Domestic bar silver was unchanged at
99iac In New York today: foreign 72c.
down l sc and the lowest price since
March. 1917. In London the quotation
was Ad lower at 46Ad.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
THE WEST PHILADELPHIA
TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY

Phlladelphla, NOVcmber T. 1870.
The board Of directors has ,!S thts day de-:
a. FER CENT and an EXTRA DIVIDEND
CF TTVu o. PER CEET, clear Of tax, pay
Tlo december l. 1920. TO stockhodrrs as
prsgis,srrd On the books Of the company
at c'ose ot business NoyHm9@r Sa o.l3 iG32Q
Nyoy.rnber Z N November 10. 1920.
RALEH I L.ENERLNG Trolsu-nr.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
FINANCIAL
pocAHoNTks CONSOLIDATED coLllERIEs
COMPANY, INCORPORATED
F1fty-Ycar Five Per Cent. Gold Bonds.
Due July I, 1857
FINANCIAL

Notice is hereby Siven. pursuant to the
terms Of the Mortgage dated July LIST, 1907.
that the undersigned. as Trustee. will re-
ceive sealed proposals up 70 800 p. M. on
TO Il OF bonds as above described, sufficient
tc use the sum OF S4s s5l6.77 The under
tenders.
THE NEW YORK cTTRSTrsT COMPANY.
New York October 81. 1920
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

e.. 80 Utah Power 4 1.... s2h
z X OF q BrI t,ight SIS 1 s2a
& I'd 1887 g.. 1sN Wilson Co tst
10..... s5&IVir'a Carolina l SIN
I5..,. s5'. Chem Co Is lWis Cent? A.
I.... s5S b.. p3I 9 6aH
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

Empire Tube and Steel Corporations
balance sheet as of October Fl shows
total assets and liabilities of S5Sl.761
comparing with S567,s43 as OF August
Al.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24

pIttsburrh. Nov. 2t.--IIoGS = Receipts.
f1no had Lower. IIravieA, SION 10. rs
heavy h0y yorkers. SO. % a 1910; iight yorNers
and pigs. $9.7im 10. oo
SHEEP, And AMl.S-h"ce,.66tssio 1000 @
/" WESIf WE4SIf.vEs-Rpcepts, GOO head Steady,
'Pun SlB.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-11-24
Dividends
Dividend
GREAT STATE
PETROLEUM CO. OF TEXAS
800 Fifth Ave, New York
DIVIDEND No. 8

The Hoard Of DlrectoTs ot the Greet State
a Siyidsnd OF 80 payable January 81. 1921.
to stockhOidere of record December 81. 1920.
~ WALTER H MARSHALL,
ao.... Ara