davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
.QUACK GRASS IS
EASILY KILLED
Special Type of PIow Is Recon-
mended for Purpose Of
Turning Over Sod,
DISK HARROW QUITE USEFUL
Exposure to Sun and Breaking Loose
From Lower, Soil Soon Kill Out
PIants-.6ury Mass of Roots
In Spring by Flowing.

The process Of killing quack grass
on sod or pasture lands, beginning in
midsummer is very simple one.
The first step is to pillow the sod,
cutting just under the turf, which is
usually about three inches deep. To
thoroughly turn over stiff quack-
grass sod as shallow as three inches 1t
Is advisable to use special type Of
pillow (Scotch bottom) having very
long, gradually sloping moldboard. 1t
has been found that with this type Of
pillow the sod can be turned very shall
low. The next step is to go in week
or ten days later with a disk harrow
and thoroughly disk the sod. Repeat
this treatment every ten days or two
weeks until fall, when the quack grass
will be completely killed out.
Too Hard to Pillow.
1t sometimes happens that with GER
tain kinds Of soil during drier periods
In the summer the ground becomes too
hard to pillow. With the type of pillow
suggested, however, it has been found
that very hard and dry sods can be
turned. In case it Is not possible to
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
MILK PLANT in CITY
REQUIRES MUCH CARE
Efficiency Depends Largely on
Equipment Used.
Arrangement Of Various Rooms and
Machinery Also lmportant--spe-
ciaIists Point Out Ten Points
to Be Remembered.

The construction of city milk
plant requires careful study and plan
ming. The building represents large
investment, and 1t Is important. there
fore, that the plans be carefully laid.
The efficiency Of the plant depends to
a large degree upon the type of equip
ment used and the arrangement of the
various rooms and machinery. 1t Is
possible for well-arranged plant TO
effect great economies In labor, while
poorly planned plant may become
continual source OF expense because of
the extra labor required. These points.
according to specialists of the United
States department of agriculture,
should be borne In mind In locating
milk plant:
/. Ease OF access from as many
sides as possible.
2. Value of property.
3. Cost of getting the milk to the
plant.
4. Proximity to distribution center.
5. Advertising possibilities.
6. Opportunity for retail counter
cash trade.
Z. Nearness to city water supply and
electric power.
8. Avoidance of heavy traffic sur
roundings.
o. Good drainage.
40. Pure air and clean surroundings.
Anyone contemplating building
new plant will do well to visit various
up-to-date plants in different cities to
get the latest ideas on construction,
layout of rooms, and equipment. II
II is impossible to visit other plants.
plans and specifications sometimes can
be obtained and ideas gained from
them. Also, he should write the
United States department Of agrIcul-
ture, Washington. ID. c.. for depart
ment Bulletin $40 on City MIX Plants;
Construction and Arrangement.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01

turn the sod on account of dry wealth
~. the treatment can be given with
the disk harrow alone. We have been
able TO thoroughly kill the grass with
either the disk or the combination of
blow and disk treatment. Where
plowing is possible however, II is usu-
ally cheaper to kill the grass with
,,low and disk alone, according to spe-
cialists of the United States depart
ment of agriculture.
II the disk alone is to be used, 1t
should be set practically straight. well
weighted with bags of dirt, and the
ield gone over three or four times.
The first two cuttings should he at
right angles and the other cuttings
dlagonally across. The sod in this way
is divided into small blocks. Then the
disk is set an an angle, when IL will be
found that the first two or three inches
Of the sod. which contain practically
-all of the quack-grass roots. can be cut
hose from the soil below. The eX-
posure TO the sun and the breaking
loose from the lower soil soon kill out
the quack grass. This ground should
be gone over at intervals of ten days
or two weeks throughout the remain
der of the season.
Pillow Again in Spring.
The following spring the infested
land, on which the grass has been
killed either by the disking method or
by the combination of blowing and
dIsking, should be plowed to good
depth in order to bury the mass of
dead roots thoroughly. This wiz Ia
cllitate the cultivation OF the spring
crop. If the work has been carefully
done the quack grass will lot show
up at oil in the spring crop.
Both these methods have been thor
oughly tested.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
OO w. =, ~ .Ea ;wAr IL .Iso,r. HOO

Perhaps your property has harm
full barberry bushes on 1t. Pre-
vious owners may have planted either
common barberry or the purple-leaved
variety among your clumps of bushes
or In the border.
Your father or grandfather or some
ones grandfather may have planted
from which the birds have scattered
seeds In all directions along streams
and In wood lots. You may have ac-
CURED such property recently. At
any rate, look over your propertN
carefully for barberries. If you find
any, dig them and report the number
and location either to your agricutur-
al college. or to the Office Of cereal
Investigations, bureau of plant Indus
try, United States department Of ag-
riculture, Washington, d. c.. so rec
ord may be had of them. BY this
means those engaged In the eradica-
ton work can check back to see that
any sprouts overlooked are dug up.
Letters will be sent to persons making
the reports urging them to be sure
no sprouts were left ip the ground.
Many Roots Missed.
Even with the most careful digging
many small roots doubtless have been
missed. Seeds, too. may have been
shaken Off and covered by loose earth.
Many of these no doubt will sprout
durjnp the spring and summer The
tender leaves. of sprouts or seedlings
. are even more likely to become infect
ed with wheat rust than leaves of ma
ture bushes. Sprouts. IL allowed to
remain. will soon grow into large
bushes. The work already done will
then be In vain.
If you dug your barberry bushes
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
TESTING SOILS FOR. ACIDITY
Valuable Information May Be Secured
by Insertion Of Blue and Red
litmus Paper.

One Of the common methods of test
Ing soil for acidity Is to get from a
drug store few pieces, each of blue
and red litmus paper. A spade is in
serted into the soil to be tested while
your soil Is reasonably moist. When
the spade is withdrawn one piece Of
the ltmus paper Of each color il
poked into the opening made by the
spade, and the soil is pressed firmly
against the litmus paper which is al
lowed to remain a minute or so. or I'M
I'll the paper is acted on by the soil
moisture. II the blue lltmus paper
turns red the soil ia acid. II the red
litmus paper turns blue the soil Is al
kaline. II the paper ia not changed In
color the soil is neutral. II you wish
to get the degree Of acIdity you had
best get test made by a chemist.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
TUBERCULOSISIS
SERIOUS MENACE
Ran Its Course Through Illinois
Herd of Dairy Cattle With
Great Rapidity.
ANIMALS REACTED TO TEST
Danger Of Disease to Cattle and
Swine Demonstrated by Sale Of
Hogs From This Farm Early In
Year-Test ls Urged.

The extent to which bovine tubercu-
losis, IL uncontrolled, runs It's course
through herd of cattle Is shown in a
recent report received by the United
States department Of agriculture from
one of its field inspectors In Illinois.
Every animal In herd of grade hol-
stems and Jerseys reacted to the
tuberculosis test. The herd consisted
OF IA cows, two calves and two bulls.
Upon post-mortem examination six OF
the animals showed such extensive
LESSONS that the entire carcass was
condemned and destroyed. All Of the
other reactors likewise showed LESSONS
though not of such an extensive ma
ture as to necessitate destruction Of
the carcass. The fact that every ami
NAL In the herd reacted and showed
LESSONS makes the case one Of the most
striking ever recorded.
Swine Owners Cautioned.
The danger of tuberculous cattle to
swine was further demonstrated by
the sale of hogs from this farm early
In the year. The first lot of 81 hogs
sold showed such extensive LESSONS of
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01

the year before last, or last year, or
even this spring, watch the place
where they grew, and do not allow
Swat sthe sprouts.
The campaign for the eradication
Of the common barberry has entered
its third year. The work Is co-opera-
tive between the United States de-
partment Of agriculture and the agri-
cultural colleges Of IS of the princi-
pal wheat-growing states, namely, Col
orado, Illinois,, Indiana, Iowa, Michi-
gan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska.
North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota,
Wisconsin and Wyoming. Most of the
bushes In cities and towns have beer
located. All reports Of country plant
ings have been followed up. Surveys
Of all rural properties completed In
a few counties of each state gave an
average of 20 paintings per county on
farms. Over a million and half
barberry bushes were found escaped
from cultivation In one county In
Wisconsin. One thousand and seven
ty other rural properties In 118 coun-
ties of IL states have escaped. bar
berries. When careful surveys are
made these and other areas more re-
Gently reported doubtless will show
over million more wild bushes.
Bushes Destroyed.
During 1913 and 1919 barberry In
spectors have located and caused the
eradication of more than 100000
bushes. Thousands of bushes from
nurseries were destroyed. Property
owners and interested citizens volun.
tarily eradcated hundreds Of hedges
and thousands Of small clumps OF
single bushes which were not report
ed to the department.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
SMALL FLOCK IN. BACK YARD
Number Of Fowls viii Depend or
Amount Of Space Available
Table Scraps Good Feed.

The size OF the flock which can hi
most efficiently kept will depend upor
the space available and the amour
Of table scraps, or other waste avail
able for feed. Over-stocking' a mis-
take. Better results will he obtained
from few hens In small yard thar
from larger number, poultry special
lists Of the United States department
Of agriculture say,
The backyard poultry flock rarely
should consist OF over 20 or % hens
In many cases Of not more than OF
10, and occasionally OF only 3 or 4.
For flock Of 20 to 25 hens space
of not less than 25 by 30 feet should
be available for yard. Where less
space Is available the size OF the flock
should be reduced. allowing on the
average 20 to 30 square feet per bird.
A few hens are sometimes kept sue.
cessfully with smaller yard allow
ance. but II the space Is available a
yard Of the size indicated should he
used.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
HAIRY PERUVIAN HAS J
SPECIAL ADVANTAGES
Should Not Be Confused With
Smooth-Leaved Variety.
Is Rapid Grower, Receivers Quickly
After Cutting and Furnishes More
Pasturage During Winter and
In Fall and Spring.

Peruvian alfalfa has decided advan-
tages over other varieties for those
sections of the United States where IL
will grow, say forage experts OF the
United States department OF agricui-
ture. This should be taken as apply
ing to the true or hairy Peruvian nl-
falfa and not to the so-called smooth
leaved Peruvian alfalfa. This later
name the specialists regard as unfor-
tunate, as It leads to confusion In The
seed trade and gives unscrupulous
dealers an opportunity to make excess
sive profits on mixed seeds. The
Smooth Peruvian is hardly dlstin-
guishable from common alfalfa"
The principal advantages Of Peru
Wan as compared with common al
falfa are It's more rapid growth. quick
recovery after cutting. and ability to
grow In cooler weather, thus furnish
ing more pasturnge during the winter
and in late fall and early spring.
The territory In which common al
falfa could be profitably replaced by
Peruvian includes comparatively
narrow strip down the Pacific coast
and along the Mexican border and the
gulf, thence up the Atlantic coast TO
the vicinity of Charleston, s. c. II
cannot be grown to advantage where
the winter temperature falls below 10
degrees.
This alfalfa was first introduced
into this country by the United States
department Of agriculture in 1899. The
earliest introductions' were not per-
petuated, however, and II was not un-
til 1908 that considerable efforts were
made to produce supply of seed. The
subject of the Peruvian alfalfa indus.
try is discussed In detail In depart
ment OF agriculture circular 93.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
HEAVY CONSUMPTION
OF WOOL INDICATED
Big Increase Shown in Figures
for Month of January.
Largest Percentage Of Material Used
Was Fine, Which Has High
Grease Content and Accounts
for High Figure Given.

The present year promises 10 estab-
the amount consumed in January Is an
indication. According to figures Of the
bureau of markets. United States de-
partment of agriculture 72,700,00O
boundes of virgin wool, grease equivar
lent. were consumed by manufacture
ers in the Uniteds States In January,
compared with 3S.2OO.OO0 pounds for
the corresponding month I'm 1919 and
So. 100000 pounds in January, 1913.
The amount consumed was more
than the monthly average for either
1918 or 1919 and higher than any
month since May. 1918. The largest
percentage Of wool used was fine.
which has high grease content and
is, no doubt. partially responsible for
these high figures. At the same. time
It continues to reflect the publlc's in
sistence for fabrics composed Of fine
woods. the consumption Of fine wool
being the largest reported for any
month since the Inauguration of the
monthly wool consumption report by
the bureau Of markets.
The percentages of grades used are
as follows: Fine. 33 per cent; one
half blood. IS per cent; three-eighths-
blood, II per cent: one-fourth- blood,
II per cent; low, per cent; carpet,
III per cent; and grade not stated,
one-half OF per cent.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
MAKE PROFIT WITH ALFALFA
Growers Who Are Most Successful
Make Practice Of Cultivating
Once or Twice Yearly.

The men who are making prac-
tice of growing alfalfa successfully
over long period of years are prac-
ticing cultlvating the crop at least
once or twice year. The common
disk harrow is used to some extent,
although the spring-tooth cultivator
usually gives better results. Some
people cultivate the alfalfa field ear
~ In the spring, but the more COM
mon practice is to follow the second
and third cuttings. The main pur-
pose is to keep the blue grass out
This is best accomplished during the
dry portion of the summer, In test
carried on by the Iowa agricultural
experiment station, the annual yield
has been icreased almost ton per
acre by cultivation.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
ELIMINATE uNTHRlFTY BIRDS
stunted Chicks VIII Never Pay for
Feed and Care Used In Trying
to Rear Thorn.

In any lot Of chicks there will be
found certain stunted or unthrifty In
dividuals. Such birds will never pay
for the feed and care used in trying
to rear them. 1t Is not only good
sense but also good business judgment
to Gull these unthrifty chicks just as
soon as they are discovered. There
also will be found certain cockerels
which exceed their fellows In the ra-
pldity OF growth and maturity. II IL
well to mark and save such cockefels
which reach q good size to use an
breeders.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
PRODUCE ALL GARDEN SEEDS
No Special Work Required With Ma
Jority Of crops-Pick From the
Best Specimens.

Produce the seed supply for next
year In your own gardens. Cucum-
Der, melon. squash, tomato and other
crops require no special work.
Simply mark the best and earliest
fruits and when fully ripe. gather and
remove the seed.
The beet. onion. turnip. carrot,
parsnip. winter radish, rutabaga. kohl
rabbi. cabbage and others are biennial
and It is necessary to set out roots
In the spring, which will send up
towering stalks to produce seed in
late summer.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
KEEPING SCUM FROM TANKS
One Of Best Methods 10 to Use Very
Small Amount Of Copper suIphats
or Blue vltrIot.

One Of the best methods Of keeping
he green scum from gathering In wa
ter tanks ID to use q very small
amount of copper sulphate or blue
vitriol. The copper kills the organism,
which Is small spIantlIke growth
called algae. The amount Of. copper
In the water viii not be large enough
to poison live stock. A proportion Of
pne,.hnlf ounce to 90 sallons OF water
Il enough To- XIII al ordinary growth
81 This kind. and II can be repeated a.
'hs new srosths sppears
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
WAGON TAILBOARD IS HANDY
Adjustable Device Makes Il Possible
to Shovel From Full Load Of
Apples or Potatoes.

This tailboard makes It possible to
commence shoveling from full load
of potatoes or apples; II may also be
used as a hopper to pour the load into
chute. The board Is attached to the
bottom of the wagon box with heavy
strap-lron hinges, put on with bolts.
Heavy sheet Iron Is fitted to the out
side of the tallboard. and Is bent up
at the sides to form wings. as shown.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
iNpEFATleABrE LITTLE BEE
Busy Little Honey catherer Carries
Readily Half It's Own Weight In
Delicious Nectar.

When a bee loads up with honey II
carries readily half Of its own weight
In nectar and II sometimes carries as
much as so per cent Of It's weight.
Bee studies at the Iowa agricultural
experiment station show that a bee
requires about an hour for round
trip while gathering honey. In a
strong colony the bees will gather AZ
much as eight or nine pounds of honey
in day under favorable conditions.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
Adjustable Wagon TaiIboard Helps.

The sheet iron is fastened to the wood
with soft-iron rivets, the washers on
the upper end Of the rivets being sunk
Into the wood to leave smooth sur
face for shoveling. The tailboard
should be REINFORCED with wooden
cleats on the outside. In order to
withstand rough handling. The sup
porting chain is adjustable to hold the
board at any angle from below level
up to vertical.--Popular Mechanics
Magazine.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
REPAIR CRACKS IN CONCRETE
Method Suggested for Mendino Els
ssures That May Appear In Walls
Use Hot Pine Tar.

To repair cracks that may appear
in concrete wall the following meth
cd has been suggested: Cut out the
cracks and brush them until thorough
ly dry. Dust cement into hot pine tar
untu the mixture becomes sostiff that
It Is difficult to work. FIJI the cracks
with this mixture while hot. and re-
peat as often as II becomes cold.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
WOODLAND IN THE SOUTH.

Woodlands on farms COM
prise one-half of all the forested
lands.
There are more than 125,0OO,-
600 acres of farm woodland.
In Maryland. Virginia, North
Carolina, Kentucky and Okla
homa more than GO per cent Of
all forest land Is on farms.
The present yearly farm in
come from woodlands Is estimat-
ed at about $150,00O,00O.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
HELP PREVENT VIZ
FIRES.
WOODS

Be sure your match is out be-
fore throwing II away.
Don't throw away burning to-
bacco.
Choose safe place and make
your campfire small.
Put out your fire with water
and then cover 1t with earth.
Don't make large brush heaps.
Choose a still day for burning
and pillow burrows to protect
nearby woods.
BE CAREFUL WITH FIRE.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
CONCRETE FLOOR FOR FOWLS
First Cost 10 Greater Than for Others,
but IN Few Yesrs u Will Pay
for ITSELF. {:

II bays to build a concrete door In
the poultry house. The 1rst cost is
greater, but in. two years the concrete
floor will pay for Itself. Dirt doors
should be replaced; they require more
litter. more eggs are soiled and extra
labor Il required. In two pears these
sxtra costs are enough to have built a.
ssacrste door. j
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
GOOD QUALITIES or cAPoNs
Fowls Need No Fattenlno RatIeps un-
I'll Few Weeks Before Marketing
Fine for Table.

The old saying. The proof Of the
pudding is the eating" Ii surely true
Of capons. Once you have eaten capons
you will make wry face II an old
rooster IL put on your table. After be-
ing caponized the combs and wattles
stop growing. the birds do not crow
and are gentle and peaceful Of fispoe
sition. They need no fattsnine .rations
until few weeks before marketing
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
TIMBER RAISING IN EAST
ERN UNITED STATES PAYS
BECAUSE

1. There is plenty Uf cheap
land unfit for agriculture.
2. The abundant rainfall per-
mits rapid tree growth.
3. Transportation facilities by
rail and water are good.
4. Numerous large cities fur
nish an adequate market.
8. The region is far removed
from the virgin supplies Of the
Pacific Northwest.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01

Well as One of the Most Economical
Cow Feeds.
tuberculosis upon post-mOrtem that
the packing company refused to ac-
cept the remaining so. These were
subsequently sold to local shipper
ind their identity and destination are
not known. If the swine are still alive
they are undoubtedly menace to
other stock. The bureau of animal in
dustry cautions swine owners against
purchasing stock from farms where
either tuberculous cattle or swine are
kept.
Chronic Cougher Died.
The bureau Inspector also reported
Mat week, after the shipment Of
hogs had been made, milk cow--a
chronic cougher-had died and the
younger stock was allowed to devour
the carcass Such a practice Is re-
sponsible for great deal of tubercu-
losis among swine In the United
States. According to bureau officials.
the fact stated should cause any live
stock farmer who finds tuberculosis
among his hogs or whose shipments Of
hogs are refused because Of extensive
LESSONS Of that disease. to have HE
herd Of cattle tested promptly. Unless
the origin of infection Is known and
removed. tuberculosis is liable to run
its course among all the cattle and
swine on the farm.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
INCREASE YIELD or ALFALFA


The soil upon which slfayfa II seed
ed should be REASONABLY rich. n Il IL
hot. Q good top dressing OF manure
and, IN many inStances an applica-
.tion Of phosphate .fertilixer. WIN sld an
secsrlnga good stand and Increased
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
Bossy can't entaneIe her hItchIna rope
IL II is attached to a wheel which
revoIves as she moves about to Craze.

that they may have free range with
cut entangling their ropes.
Secure an old cart-wheel and Its
axle. Set the Off end Of the axle In
the ground with the wheel uppermost,
then tie the cows rope to this wheel.
Popular Science Monthly.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-01
HlTcHING HORSES OR CATTLE
Rope Attached to an Old Cart-WheeI
Gives Animal Chance for Rang
ing Without Tangles.

The illustration shows very good
method of tying cattle or horses so