davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11
o-l-o

The defeat of Camp Clark for
reelection to congress in Missouri
removes an interesting figure from
a political life. 1t will be remem-
bered that he had large majority
of the democratic delegates at the
Baltimore convention eight years
ago, but could not be nominated
because of the rule which the de-
mocrats have to the effect that
two thirds of the vote in the con-
vention are required to nominate
So after number of ballots in
which Clark had more than a maj
ority, the convention nominated
Woodrow Wilson. Bryan defeated
Clark, and though it is none of our
sorrow, we have wondered many
times what he thinks of his work
by this tine. About all that could
be said against Old Champ was
that he chewed tobacco and had
cultivated discriminating taste
for fine old whiskey; so the con.
vention nominated college prof.
essor. Maybe it was a good thing
for the country; maybe it wasn't.
o. 10
Dayton newspapers say that
President-elect Harding already
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11
EARY SAUNDERS BURIED AT
INTERIOR.

Earl Saunders, who has lain in
the hospital at Rapid City fight
ing for his life since the twenty
eighth of September when the dis
charge from shotgun lodged in
his leg, passed away one day last
week, gas poisoning being the inn
mediate cause of his death. A Sc
cond blood diffusion given him the
previous day from Mrs, Saunders
failed to rally him His death will
cause general regret among the
many friends of the family over
tbs section of the state. Funeral
services kere held at Interior, his
former home, in charge of the
Masonic lodge.
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11

has on file 100000 applications for
office, and that he is going duck
hunting in Texas to get away from
the officeseekers. The number will
be 50O,O03 when the applications
for the Philip postoffice get in.
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11
BARGAINS! BARGAINS!

See Carpenter & Fancher for
Bargains in Gloves. Mittens. Wool
Sox, Sweaters. Flannel Shirts,
Winter Caps. We are located un-
der Bank Of Philip.
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11

For Sale: Southwest quarter of
section thirty five (35) in township
four north (4N) range nineteen
d9) east B. H. M, 10 miles north
west of Philip. For particulars
write M. Kennedy, 1852 So. 25 st.
Omaha, Nebr. al If
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11

county over his republican oppon-
ent, Charlie ConkIin, by majority
of only two votes. Kennedy has
been county auditor of Stanley
county off and on back to a time
when the memory of man runneth
not.
The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-11-11

For Sale: Rhode Island Reds
from Prize Winning stock. Mrs.
p. j. Ulrey, Philip.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
INDIANAPOLIS RACES
TO BE HELD MAY 80

Although the running of the 500
mile automobile derby at the In
dianapolis motor speedway each
year occupies but a few hours of a
single day, 1t requires months OF
preparation for the staging of this
extravaganza of sporting events.
Already plans are being laid for
the 1921 race. which will be held
over the bricks of the historic In
dianapolis track, the most success
full of all auto race courses. The
big dash for glory and gold will be
held Monday, May 80.
Scarcely had CASTOR Chevrolet
dashed across the fnsh line a win
ner in last years classic before the
first ticket buyer for the 1921 race
placed his order in the mail. He is
an Indiana man, and his order will
be the first one filled. Scarcely a
day has passed that orders for tick
cts have not been received. Tickets
will go on sale January 81.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28

downward push Of the riders legs
upon the pedals, acting through
cranks. turns the larger or front
sprocket and that the motion so de-
veloped is transmitted from the
larger sprocket through chain
which connects them to the smaller
sprocket fastened to the rear whee,,
and as the rear wheel Is thus re-
volved the bicycle moves ahead. In
some bicycles, the so-called chain
less type, instead of a chain there
Is a shaft which has bevel gears, or
gears which run at right angles to
each other, connecting the cranks
with the rear wheel. The automo-
bile is in general principle essen
TALLY the same-a combination of
the chainless bicycle and its rider,
the rider and the crank of the BIZ
cycle corresponding with the engine
of the automobile and the shaft and
bevel gears of the bicycle corre-
spending with the transmission sys-
tenn and final drive OF the automo-
bile. In each case, finally. 1t is the
driving of the rear wheels which
makes the vehicle move.
In the engine of an automobile
the up and down motion OF the BIZ
CsNlc lCSS III hhO
pistons and connecting rods, which
travel up and down in the cylinders
under the pressure Of the gasoline
mixture burned above them-an ope-
ration which will be gone into more
fully in a later article.
The crankshaft of the automobile
engine is nothing more than the
cranks and pedals OF the bicycle. II
it a means of converting the up and
down motion OF the pistons into a
rotary motion which must be trans
mitted to the wheels.
Power In Straight Line.
So far no commercially Successful
gasoline turbine has been developed,
a turbine being a form Of engine in
which rotary motion is obtained di-
rectly from the energy supplied TO
it in the form of fuel or from some
power like steam or electricity. All
of the gasoline engines used in an
automobile today develop their
power first in the form of motion IN
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
Many States Provide Bond Issues to Be
Used Partly in 1921 for Build
ing Good Roads.

in the State of Virginia was not
fixed in the referendum measure,
but the legislature may under the
law vote bonds to the extent of APP
proximately s50,000,000.
During the past year bond issues
have been authorized in the various
counties in the United states
amounting to approximately $685.
ooo. 900.
Federal Aid Available.
Officials of the Bureau of Public
Roads estimate that there is still
available approximately 10000, 000
Of Federal aid funds for ALLEGATION
to projects in the various States,
This, together with funds obtained
from bond issues. from direct levies,
and other sources of State revenue,
from county bond issues and appro-
priations will, IL is estimated. make
available for expenditure at present
between $1,000, 100000 and $780,
0o0. 900.
The funds derived from State and
local bond issues, however, and that
to be received from the Federal
government will be spread out over
a period of years and 1t Is doubtful
whether much more than one-half
of this vast sum will be applied to
the construction and maintenance
of roads during 1921. Assuming
that the expenditures will continue
to increase at about the same rate
as those for the past two years. 1t
Is estimated that there will be ex-
pended for road purposes during
1921 approximately s550.000,000.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
HIGH GRADE CARS TO
KEEP HIGH PRICES

Several weeks ago. 1 specifically
called the public's attention to the
fact that the manufacturers of high
grade motor cars would not reduce
their prices because they could not"
said Edgar Apperson. President Of
Apperson Brothers Automobile Com
pany, Kokomo, Indiana.
AS a matter of fact, my state
ment was too mild, for several more
makers of high-grade cars have
since increased their prices. There
are definite signs of others doing
the same.
'High-grade materials and skilled
labor cost as much today as they
did yesterday. In fact, in some cases
they cost more. The sound, con-
sentative houses with whom quality
is first and foremost will not for
one moment consider lessening the
price of their product by lessening
it's quality"
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
JOHNSON RETURNS
TO CADILLAC FORCE

Frank johnson, designer of the
Lincoln car. has returned to the
manufacturing department of the
Cadillac Motor Car Company, to re-
sumo an association which began
with the planning and building OF
the first single-cylinder Cadillac
back in 1902.
Johnson's service with Cadillac
was continuous for fifteen years. He
resigned from the company three
years ago to become chief en-
gineer of the Lincoln Motor Com
pany.
Through his retaliation with Cad
lilac. he has again associated him
self with George H. Laying, vice
president in charge of manufacture
ing. with whom he co-operated in
making the first eight-cylinder car
practical for manufacture, and
whose co-worker he had been for
fourteen years.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
LIBERTY CAR MAKES
SHORT STOP IN TEST

Stopping within a space Of four
and one-half feet, while travelling
at ten miles per hour, a Liberty Six
has hung up a new record for brake
ability. The test was officially con-
Quoted by the Liberty Motor Car
Company on a dry asphalt pavement
in Detroit. in accordance with the
rules of a similar test made recently
by the Detroit police department.
At the police test the best record
reported was eight feet, the driver
being a representative of the fac
tory which had furnished the car.
While travelling at a speed Of If
teen miles an hour the Liberty car.
stock, five-passenger touring, car
rying one passenger, was able to
stop in distance of twelve feet by
use Of either the service or 1emer-
gency brake. At the Detroit police
test. skilled drivers of two other
cars were able to stop in a dis
lance Of fifteen feet. which was
the best reported record.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
ORE THAN A BILLION DOLLARS FOR ROAD IMPROVEMENT
Motorists Should Keep Rigid Check TO
Cut Down Losses to Within
Usual Seven-Eighths. o.

MASTERS Of power. A viGilant eye
in the direction and removal OF such
deposits before they have q chance
to reach serious proportions Ia nee
essary. In some cases owners vhe
have excessive carbon trouble may
be well advised 20 install q water
feeding device on their engines sf-
ter the cylinders have been thor
oughly cleaned. Water injected thfs
way in the form Of steam tends 20
prevent the formation Of carbon. de-
posits in q clean cylinder.
There is one kind Of power waste
that IL not to be excused. and thai n
through the use Of too rich q mix
ture. This simply means that more
gasoline than IL necessary is being
burned up and going out Of the az
haust, possibly even in the kind Of
liquid. And what is this but the
most direct and criminal sort Of
waste, which the owner can stop any
time he desires. Far
In addition. any liquid fuel In the
combustion chamber may work
down past the piston rings into the
crankcase, and there contaminste tina
oil and increase the loss further by
lowering the lubricsting efficiency.
watch Trnnnmtsaton.
The clutch wastes little power a.
long as Il IS running properly, but
the minute IL gets out Of order and
slips IL fairly burns power up. Keep
the clutch properly adjusted and
lubricate the thrust bearing and
throwout collar at stated intervals
A burned or dry throwout collar
may cause the drag. and in add
tion may make clutch operation and
gear shifting difieult
The transmission Inevitably wastes
some power through friction. but u
this unit is not kept well lubri-
Gated and properly running Il be-
comes a prodigious waste! When
there is any arrangement In the
Transmission, bearings worn. shafts
out of alignment, etc, power wastes
are enormous. Trouble in the trans
mission should never be neglected.
Next in line come the universsis
and these must be kept packed with
the proper lubricant all the time
The rear axle unit must be at least
three times a year cleaned out with
kerosene and have fresh lubricant
When everything goes wrong with
the rear axle its consumption OF
power is almost unbelievable. In
L TINS Aue pt1I ms
must be kept in good condition:
| jack up the rear wheels and try
them occasionally TO see that they
move freely.
Keep Tires Inflated.
In the tires the owner can help
power losses by keeping them
4 pumped up TO pressure recommended
by the maker. The wider the tire
the more power IL takes 20 carry
IL over the road, consequently the
need for keeping the castings fully
inflated. Also this very important
item OF maintenance preserves the
tires and cuts down the bills.
There hardly IS any need 70 mem
I ton TO the experienced motorist
that brakes which are not free win
drag against the drum and literally
eat up Easolene. A brake drag 10
so easy TO discover-sinply jack up
( the wheel and spin IL around. listen
( ing for a scraping noise as II spinn
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28

straight line as the cylinders OF
a steam locomotive do, and this
straight line motion. up and down,
is then changed into rotary motion
by means of connecting rods and
crankshaft, just as the backward
and forward motion generated in
the locomotives cylinders is chang
ed TO turning motion by means OF
the connecting rods which are fast
ened to the driving wheels.
Referring again to the bicycle
comparison, II should be pointed out
that in the automobile the engine
is SO placed that the center line
about which-the. crankshaft turns
runs lengthwise of the car, while
the center line of the cranks and
pedals in the bicycle runs crosswise.
Any point on the automobile engine
crankshaft, therefore, turns in a
circle at right angles to the turning
circles of the road wheels. This
makes 1t necessary to change the
direction of motion of the crank
shaft. which is done at the rear
axle by a pair OF bevel gears.
Mechanical Viewpoint.
The general idea Of the automo-
bile, from the mechanical point OF
view. is then as follows: The crank
shaft OF the engine. which II moth
ing but a series of cranks such as
you will find in a well or a canned
music machine, all OF them Joined
together. is turned by the down
ward pressure of the gasoline mix
ture exploded behind the pistons in
the cylinders and in being so turn
ed IT turns a shaft running to the
rear axle and this shaft, through
the medium of pair of bevel gears
turns the rear axle to the ends OF
which the driving wheels are secur-
ed. The driving wheels, in turning.
cause the car TO roll along. And
there you are.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
BY JULIAN CHASE.
(Copyrirht. 1927

When you see an automobile roll
ing along IL looks, IL you are one
of the mechanically uninitiated, as
IL 1t were just rolling along with
nothing particularly to make IL go.
II is not at all apparent that inside
OF it, covered from view, many diff
ferent forces are at work on a COM
bination of parts, some revolving in
one direction and others in another,
yet all of them connected. co-ordi-
mated and so related that the net
result is the easy, quiet movement
of the car along the surface Of the
road. - =
II it were possible to get a sort
of X-ray view of all its parts when
the car is running it would be a
picture more confusing to the man
who does not understand than a
peep into the engine room of a
transatlantic liner. The automo-
bile has everything or nearly every
thing to be found in the power plant
of the biggest ship. 1t has the en-
CINE the prime mover - which
makes the whole thing go. 1t, has
the condenser or radiator which pre-
vents the water from being used up
too fast. 1t has the means for pro-
electrical plant for ignition, light
ing and starting. 1t has a gas-mak-
ing plant in the form of a carbu-
rotor.
The automobile is wonderful
mechanism and its wonderfulness is
not diminished by the great number
now in use. Before 1t, there never
had been a mechanical product of
mans ingenuity in which so much
is combined in so small a space. II
is a most complicated combination
of mechanical units when each OF
its parts is considered separately,
but in principle it is simplicity IT.
self.
Compare WITH bicycle.
In explaining the general me-
chanical idea of an automobile we
can best, perhaps, compare it with
the bicycle. Who is there who has
not understood the principle of a BIZ
cycle? Everyone knows that the
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
AUTO MARKET
ON INCREASE
Automobile Buying Move
ment Shows Decided
Upward Trend.

Automobile men are greatly i'm
pressed with reports from through
out the country regarding improved
conditions in the trade. That these
have not been exaggerated is shown
by the tendency in the East. From
Is to 20 the dealers of
Jersey City held the first show ever
housed in that city. This proved
the automobile buying public had
again entered the market, for in one
day at the display more than a
dozen cars were sold. and every sale
was a bonafide one.
A decidedly optimistic tone re-
garding the trade movement was
also. voiced by Alfred Reeves, gen.
eral manager of the National Auto
mobile Chamber of Commerce. Mr..
Reeves said from his Investigations
the automobile buying movement is
now trending upward. According 70
him II was only logical and health
full that a business that had ex-
banded $50 per cent in five years
should have a readjustment along
with other Industries.
In the minds of many closely al
lied to the automobile trade this az
justment period Is now ended and
1t finds the motor car business In a
very stable position.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
EASY STARTS
ON NEW FUEL
Lightning Motor Fuel Is
Help to Motor Car
Drivers in Cold.

with the advent of the chill morn
ings when winter presents her COM
pliments to the motorists in the
difficulties of starting, the car own
err and driver begin to look around
for something to relieve him of
these troubles. The necessity, also,
of having something that will give
a quick pickup when the driver
steps on the acceIerator lin an
emergency also is important.
Lightning motor fuel, which has
been fast growing in popularity.
fills one of the winter requirements
OF the motorist. Among the things
it does is to make starting easy on
the coolest morning: keeps the mo-
tor hot when a stop is made in cold
weather: gives maximum mileage
at lowest cost, and gives maximum
power of the motor. II is a vitai
factor in the safety of winter mo-
toring.
In order to fill the increasing de-
msnd for this popular motor fuel.
the Penn OIL Company. sole distrib-
Uters in this city. have established
a large number of filling stations in
all parts of the city.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28

Over in England, "bath-tubs" are
now being used as taxi cabs. OF
course the tubs" are not of the
ordinary variety. They are motor
cycles with c1osed-in sidecars in
which the passenger rides protected
from cold winds and driving rain.
Lower fares are charged than by
ordinary taxfs and the tubs are
gaining in OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Travel and Transport Topics.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28

Over ,1.OOOiOoo.OOO is now avail
able for road building and mainte-
nance in the United States. of which
approximately s55o.ooo,ooo will
probably be expended during 1921.
according to figures compiled by
the American Automobile Associa-
tion good roads board.
State bonds for highway improve
ment aggregating s533,sO0,O00 have
been authorized during the past
three years. Owing to the shortage
and high price of labor and mate
rails, to the lack of open top equip
ment on the railroads and to the
condition of the bond market, very
little of this money as yet has been
expended.
During 1920 a total of 5000 200. 900
OF State highway bonds have been
voted as follows:
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28

Nebraska Is employing convict
labor to build up assystem Of good
roads. Each man receives $3.50 a
day with food and lodging. OF this
sum, the State gets half and the
mans dependents the remainder. In
case the convict has no dependents.
he receives his share when released.
Goodrich Travel and Transport
Notes.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
Good Roads in Place of Reyolts.

Now that revolutions are going
out of style in Mexico. good road
building is being taken up in ear
nest. Armed with picks and shovels
instead of mankilling paraphernalia,
the heroes of countless bloody bat
ties" are now linking the cities to-
gether with hard-surfaced high
ways. Work on more than 400 miles
of roads is now being completed
Goodrich Travel and Transport
Notes.
The Washington herald., 1920-11-28
Pennsylvania Watches Overload.

Overloaded trucks which break
down the highways are lucky to get
by over Pennsylvania roads. In
spectors provided with lodometers,
or jack scales, are stationed along
the highways and whenever they
see a truck with suspiciously
heavy load they make it stop and
be weighed. Fines Ringing from
s25 to 500 are imposed on offenders.
Goodrich Travel and Transport
Notes
New Britain herald., 1920-02-18

benefit of these lowered costs to the packers, but it is figured he would not,.do so until the quotations had been low for at least a. week. There is hope that the market will lower it's charges for meat within short time, and it is reasonable to suppose that the decline in this commodity will be felt with d few exceptions, all along tho line. We may he premature in Supposing that the turn in prices has come tn stay but indications are that it has, because Ot the fact that exports of meat have practically ceas- ed and the supply will be thrown upon the market here.
 The American meat packers an nounccd. several days ago, that bus- ness in beef and pork with Europe is at a standstill. During the past year there were exports of pork alone to the amount Of two billion five hun drcd million pounds. This market has iSappeared. Beef exports were cut off about month ago. The Ameri- can pulbtIt' VIII soon come to us OWll. granted that the marketman is not too anxious to gain d larger profit than he deserves.
 England is said to have seven months supply of meat on hand. Ger many cannot even buy the stocks that have already been shipped to her. not having acceptable currency. Sales in Holland are practically nil. France has ceased tn buy. Italy buys no Am erican meat and there is no hope of shipping to Russia
 This condition of affairs should last for an indefinite period of consider able length. Il is not agreeable to American business interests to wit ness their markets disappear but the reaction on prices will be generally acceptable, to :hC housewives and bread winners or the land.
New Britain herald., 1920-02-18
THE iDRI.NTIC QUESTION.

President Wilson's latest act. that the Treaty of Versailles and the French pact from the United States Senate if the settlement of the Adri- atic question was proceeded with along the lines of the agreement re- gently made between prcmiers of France. Great Britain and Italy rou- pied with the forecast that the for cr.:r powers would proceed n~vCrthc- less. has thrown q wrench into the gears of international relations that is to say the least, highly disturbing not only upon HtIljs side Of the water but upon tha other. The protests that have come over the cables from abroad are near to amusing in their recognition of the Impotcncy of the foreigners to get along without the United states in any organization of the powers and their wish to go ahead as they had piannt
 Since the drafting of he Treaty and the pact NIah France, in which the President had Il part it has been found necessary for the powers 10 placate Italy. They did so by radically chang ing the plans for distribution of ter ritoric:s on the Dalmatian coast and islands ur the Mediterra mean. thereby conflicting with their own previous decision and crossing the desires of l ref a1 V idcnt Wilson. in the treatment Of the Jugo-Slavs. There is no reason why the United States should agree to the scheme. ii approaches one or the pre- war ''hdIlHce of powers agreements against which we are committed. II is d revival of diplomacy as it once existed and IS danger to the peace Of th" world in the repression Of d people who had regarded national recognition as right, after the Peace conference. Hence. it is just as well that notice was served that this country could not agree. would not agree. and would he inclined 10 withdraw it's support from the com bination of foreign powers which had reached an understanding so distastc- fuI to il.
 But London represents Plume as the sym bol of international amity. the rock upon which friendships between nation may split. France is waver ing and nearly ready to repudiate the