davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1920-02-21
MOST ACCIDENTS
DUE T0|GN0RANCE
Real Examinations, Adequate
Tests, and Supervision Pro-
posed as Remedies.

Until the powers-that-are can see
! that IL Is neither malice, nor luton
tion. nor eareIessness OF human life,
nor desire 10 run amuek. which causes
motorists 20 drive like idiots. all the
new LEGISLATION, rules, tranic cops and
Sena 4 ial distribes which can be
imagined. will not alter the present
state OF affairs. says Motor Life Mag
azine, In an article which IL respect
fully submits to the sane motorist
and the Intelligent representative OF
sovereign states as a substitute for
arming the populace to shoot down
che reckless driver.
Leaving out the thief, the drunkard
and the criminal no driver wants TO
run into anything or over anyone. "
he docs so, IT is either "a his fault;
(2) the fault of tho thing or the per-
son run into or over; or (3) unavoid-
able. Nr.,'.
II. lacking desire. II was still the
drivers fault. IL must have been
through failure 10 do the right thing.
or because he did the wrong thing.
Lacking desire and intent to do dam
age to person or thing. when a mot
orlst does IL and It's his fault. is be-
cause he Is ignorant.
No One Seeks Accident.
Nobody wants TO be run into or run
over you DOM even have
TO except the criminal and the thief,
the joy-rider and the idiot. here. No
body wants to be run over. Conse-
quently. when anyone is run into or
run over and il is their own fault.
the reason must be found in a failure
to do the right thing. to avoid the ac-
cident, or in having done the wrong
thing, which causes ii. In other
words, the cause is ignorance.
So-called unavoidable" accidents
are frequently so called because OF
relieving one party or the other Of
any suspicion OF having any sense.
as when n small child runs
directly in front OF car. Ethically.
such an accident may be etchild'3
fault legally II may be cou
sidered unavoidable. But IL the for
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1920-02-21

mer case Is held true, then the an
swer. once more. Is ignorance.
Ignorance is the root OF the so
called reckless driving" evil, and
the remedy is not more laws but bet
ter laws. IL IL not more punishment,
but more education. II Is not In arm
Ing the general public with pistols
to shoot the murderous high sch6Ol
girl driving Dads iivver nor is IL a
statute designed TO take away a coal
truck from a coal company because a
drunken driver happens to run into a
lamp-post. IL IL In iseeing TO IL that
no unnt person IL allowed TO drive a
car. When a nj person does drive a
car, he does not need police super
vision TO prevent him from breaking
a reasonable law. &.
20 Exansiaations jokes.
This gets right to the practice OF
examination. An examination, as
now, conducted, Is a joke. Every one
knows IL, every one. even the Officials
concerned in IL. admit IL. IL any
should have curiosity enough TO ark
why are these laws jokes?" the an
swer would be found In the fact that
they are made by lawmakers who
know nothing OF their subject.
people of the same stripe OF
mind as the reverend much be-
admired Senatorial gentlemen who
sdvocate shooting up motorists by
The general public to stop accidents.
Tho practice OF licensing anyone
and everyone who wants 10 drive a
motor car is follower from the
early days, when motors were few,
their potcntialities for damage slight,
and popular knowledge of them nil.
Il tT... t.la 10
no more 10 he compared with that Of
ten years ago than chalk is to be
with cheese. Had anyone
ten years ago dumped all the cars OF
1920 on the streets at once, there
would have arisen such howl or in
dignation at the insanity OF turning
loose SO many ignorant drivers all
with death-dealing machines in their
charge, as would have swept the
motor vehicle into the limbo OF for
gotten things. Because the growth
has been gradual we have tolerated
the evils OF ignorant driving.
Ignorance Root Of Evil.
Every real motorist Is competent
to pass the required examination.
Those who are not compentnt have
no business In charge of mechanisms
which have so much potential harm.
destruction, and sudden death
locked up in them as has the motor
car
One Of two things il surely going
to happen. Either motorists are 60
ing to demand, for their own protec-
ton, an adequate, reasonable, proper
and yet strict system of finding out
whether or not "A driver is competent,
or legislators are going to enact re-
pTessive law which will fall with
equal severity upon the ignorant, who
should be repressed, ard the skillful,
who do not need to be repressed
The root of the present danger from
motor car is ignorance. The remedy,
Of course, is education. TO make sure
the remedy had been applied, super
vision must be established. Present
ideas of supervision, being holdovers
from the dark, ages. must go. Real
adequate tests, genuine
are the evident remedies.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1920-02-21
Tnpe the Hose Connections.

If there is water leakage around
the joint between tho rubber hose
and the outlet header from the cylin-
der jackets and also where the hose
joins the radiator pipe. the easiest
way to stop it is to tape the joints
with regular insulation or adhesive
tape. First remove the clamps, tape
the joints and then put shellac over
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
SPEEDING AROUND CORNER
TEARS HOLE IN AUTO TIRES

Did you ever notice a ragged hole
about the size OF a silver dollar IN
the rear tire Of a carr This little
ragged hole is the result OF careless
" turning corners
Many motorists swerTe swiftly
around a corner without slackening
speed They fail to allow sufficient
leeWay between the car and the curb
IN order TO clear the rear wheel
When too sharp a corner is made,
the rear wheel viii often glaze the
edge OF the curb or climb up on it
This peels off some OF the side-wan
rubber.
Though little thought Of. this in
Jury, according to Miller tire and
tube experts. IS often the first cause
Of a later side-wall blowout. The
facts Of the case are that the fabric
side-wsu. having lost its rubber pro-
lection against the elements. quickly
dsterforates. II taken IN time, the
repair OF such an. injury IS very
simple.
The motorist may make tenn
porary repair by cleaning with gaso-
line and then covering with a plas-
tic, self-Vulcanizihg gum.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
The HeruIdS Auto Oui9

arounl the porcelain cause the
trouble allowing the high tension
current TO ground without crossing
the spark gap.
battery. Although the gensrator is
usually protected with a fuse which
can be removed when the battery Is
not IN use, TO prevent excessive in
Iernal current from damaging the
field and armature wiudines. Il Is
wiser to play safe IN attending to the
battery at regular intervals, keeping
u always IN condition for use
The total number OF motor We
hicles produced IN the United States
during 1913 is 1,s7401s, including
trucks.
5. Driving chains used On motor
cars are usually in three forms, the
silent chain. the roller chain and the
block chain The silent chain Is
commonly used to drive camshafts,
motors, generators and water pumps.
Roller chains are made 10 drive the
rear wheels on both automobiles and
trucks OF some makes, and IN some
cases drive the camshaft and trans
nit the cranking power from the
starter to the motor. The block chain
is rarely used for driving purposes
on the machine at present.
s. There is a form OF Insurance
which applies to car owner or an
other person whose car has suffered
damage in a collision. II an owner
whose car smashes up another per-
sons car has such Insurance on the
car this insurance viii cover the cost
OF the second as well as the first car.
II only one car Is damaged IN a col
lision, no matter which car II Is, the
insurance covers the expense in
CURED.
Z Il Is possible for a motor to
hape too high compression. resulting
in knocking and pre-iguition. The
design OF a motor may cause this, or
in case OF the cylinder block being
lowered TO obtain a tighter fit be-
tween cylinders and crank case or
a faulty gasket being used the knock
ing will result The only remedy Is
20 elevate the cylinders slightly by
them.
5. The throttle does not wholly
control engine speed The engine
load, which increases when additional
weight is placed in the car or when
the car leaves a level road to climb
hill Is also factor. Thus when a
car is loaded, or when going up
grade, It viii not attain the speed
with wide upen throttle that It viii
attain when empty or on perfectly
level road.
A cause Of smoking when the
car Is driven at low speed IS that on
low throttle opening, used frequently
IN city. the mixture, drawn into the
cylinder does not completely fiji the
vacuum created in the explosion
chamber by suction of the piston on
a downward stroke. resulting IN oil
being drawn past the piston rings.
10 The same electrical machine
can be used for either a motor or a
generator, and is used for starting
and generating in some systems.
When Il is driven by gears. shaft or
chain, OF some means other than
electricity, It creates current which
may be used for battery charging
and lighting. When Il IS driven By
electricity, II IS used as a starting
motor for the car.-Copyright, 1920,
Thompson Feature Service.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
Garrett Co. Gets
Ne 10 Studebaker
Light Six Models

W.. s. Cooke general manager OF
the Garrett Motor company, IS happy
At last He has been expecting since
christmas the advent OF the new
Studebaker Light Six and when he
was notified by the railroad company
last Wednesday that a carload had
arrived, life took on a Joyous aspect
for him once more.
The car was unloaded Wednesday
afternoon and since then Mr.. Cooke
has deserted his desk and spent
practically all his time, day and
night, with his new love.
The car is something Of q beauty.
TOO 1t has the same graceful Stude-
baker lines on a smaller scale. The
principal feature, however, IS the new
style motor The construction is some
what different from the ordinary run
are set In at a 20 degree angle. This
makes for a much better passage Of
the gas TO and from the cylinders and
naturally affords more power. The
bore is - inches with a ~ inch
stroke.
Before offering this model TO the
public, the Studebaizer company
tested It out a 10000 mile run, zig
tagging to California and back to De-
troit On this run they made an
average Of IS miles per gallon Of
gasoline and ran the entire distance
on one set Of cord tires, which Is
regular equipment. The weight ready
for the road is $3.50 pounds For the
purpose OF manufacturing this car
the Studebacer company has erected
an additional $4,000. 600 plant at
South Bend, Ind
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
Kite Carriage
First Without
Animal PO1Oer

The first vehicle to travel without
animal power were the kite car
riages" mentioned IN the ancient
Chinese records, according to Mr.. c.
S. Rieman, vice president and gen
eral manager OF the Elgin Motor Car
corporation. Chicago. These ma
chimes" carried sails and were driven
by the wind.
During the reign Of king James
patent for the sole making Of an
instrument which shall be driven by
the wind for the transportation or
carriage OF anything on land" The
first internal combustion engine was
built in 1873 by Able d'Hautefeuille,
and the explosive power Of gun
powder was employed to drive pis-
ton in a cylinder.
Mr.. Rieman says that a ''horse1ess"
carriage" called THE Automotion,
appeared in 1880 and that this was
the first practical steam carriage
It IS reported that this vehicle
travelled 1900 miles and carried 1871
passengers IN its time.
It was not until 1884 that Gottlieb
Daimler invented the first internal
years later c. z. Duryea constructed
the first practical gasoline automo-
bile built In the United States.
The first automobile endurance
race Of international importance was
held in France in 1894. Two Pan
hard machines contested, driven by
Messrs- Panhard and Peugeot, and the
machines had IS horsepower. In the
Paris-t0-Troville road race in 1897,
the contesting machines developed a
speed Of twenty-nine miles an hour.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
TRAINS TIRE CHANGERS
IN CORRECT MOUNTING

The Quick Tire Service. Inc Texas
at Kansas, distributors OF United
States tires. Is making a specially Of
training its tire changers In the cor
rect mounting and demouuting OF
truck pneumaties. This IS an example
Of its policy OF providing IN its ser
vice for details OF tire needs
at is as necessary to have the tire
properly applied, as It Is to have the
original tire design and construction
correct; for If the various parts-the
flap, tube, and casing-are not right
" fitted on the rim. the careful plan
Of the manufacturer is defeated"
says D. c. Booth. manager.
I'VE provide our service men with
special tire irons for the larger tires,
and show them how to use them skill
fully. Our operatives are also in
structed to examine carefully the rim
and its accessories when making
changes, scraping rust and dust from
the rim, removing any dents IN the
side fanges. and. If the snap-ring IS
sprung, getting It back into shape.
Tbs care that Is taken TO provide a
clean and perfectly-formed bed on
which the tire 3 to rest Is repaid IN
the longer mileage enjoyed BY our
customers.
"Our air facilities. also. are such
that we can take care Of trucks
complete tire equipment at our curb,
or on the road"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31

l. Does driving a car in second
speed injure the motor II driven for
any length Of timer What rules
should be followed II such driving Is
2. What Is a cause Of a short cir
cult n q starting motor2
O. Is Il necessary to signal before
turning to the right, as is done when
turning TO the left2
Z. What Is a remedy for fIoaded
cylinders resulting in hard starting2
s. What IS the position OF the
spark when driving about Is miles
per hour2
8. Can distilled water be used
after standing a considerable length
% timer
Z. When going down hill Is Il ad-
Visable 20 switch off the ignition?
8; What Is the trouble with a car
which VIII not stand on a hill with
gears and clutch engaged. motor
silent ana emergency breaks set7
>. what Is meant BY ehe term
10. What percent Of the gasoline
produced in 1913 was consumed in
that year7
Answers to Last weeks Questions.
J. Locating the various engine
knocks IS difficult without previous
experience. Each part not adjusted
properly win give forth a sound diff
Ierent from that Of any other part.
and finding the particular sound is
not easy without the use Of listening
devices or former training. To 10
cate a main bearing knock run the
engine on two cylinders at a time,
operating one cylinder on each side
OF a bearing. The front bearing is
usually the last 10 become loose.
Play at these points viii produce a
hard bump. caused by end play IN
the crankshaft, loose, scored or
burned bearings. Groaning Of the
motor when It is first turned over is
created BY the latter defect A hol-
low heavy sound OF q sharp bump
comes from q loose connecting rod.
To locate the rod cut out one cylinder
at time, or II very loose can be
found BY turning the engine over by
hand A loose wrist pin in the Ois-
ton viii give a metallic knock. This
looseness IS caused by wear,
crooked or broken pin or from too
tight fit IN the piston or connecting
rod Speed up the engine suddenly,
then throttle down quickly TO locate
the knock A loose crankshaft viii
give a thud OF a slap, and viii cause
the gears to rattle at times 1t IS
caused by worn or burned bearings
or end play in til shaft A very
neaVy knock comes from the fly
wheel being loose which sound IS pro-
duced regularly. A loose piston in the
cylinder and loose valve rods often
produce similar sound, being a
short slap or knock. When coming
from the piston &c means a piston
too small for the bore Of the cylinder.
When from the valves It is caused
by excessive space between valve stem
and push rod. worn valve or rod
guides, valve seat out Of true or bent
or sticking valve stem. Valve rod
rollers or poor cams may also cause
a knock.
2. Leaking spark plugs viii cause
a motor TO miss on heavy pulling or
high speed, and yet will not affect
it in light pulling or slow speed.
Cracked or porous condition Of the
porcelain in the plug or leakage
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
Bic ROAD RACE IS SCHEDULED;
LABOR DAY MEETING At JUAREZ

T. c. Mcnamara promoter and man
aver Of the automobile races held
on the Juarez race track July
announced yesterday that a two day
which are the Labor Day holidays
He is anticipating a much classier
field OF starters than participated In
the last even
by classier starters. he said, I
mean that more time will be devoted
to the cars than was given at the
last meet Most Of the drivers showed
up in a half-hearted way, not know
ing whether they were going to race
OF not Few II any OF the cars were
in condition TO show their best speed
since the last meet, I have had
talk with all the men who raced
July 4 and they are getting ready
now. They viii 90 over their cars
thoroughly and devote much more
time TO practise"
Out-Of-Tovvn Men To Enter
In addition to the local racers Mr.
Mcnamara has heard from few out
of-tovvn men who have signified their
Intention Of competing. Entry blanks
win ready in q few days. Rules VIII
be drawn up Tor the entrants % slsn
so that they VIII know what they
are doing.
According to the promoter the cash
prizes viii range from S2,4oo for the
big event down
Passport regulations have been
straightened out so that the public
viii find Juarez easier to reach IN
September than they did IN July
Entry Lists Opened
While the events have not been an
nounced. it IS presumed that they VIII
comprise the usual feature OF stock
and non-stock races OF from FIVE TO
SO miles. The spectacular Australian
race will also be one OF the features
both days. To make the big event
on the second day worth the time
Of the spectators. the entrants VIII
have to qualify at y certain speed
per lap and also shCW the referee
they are capable OF handing tnelr
cars on the curves and IN tight places.
Entry lists have been opened BY
J. c. Mcnamara. at COL Montana street
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
AUTO AND TRAIN RECORDS,
PORTLAND TO S. F.. BROKEN

Reducing the best previous record
by seven and a half hours, a Cole
aero-eight stock tourster. manned by
Z. J. Feeley, D J. Conant and C. R.
Chapman, Of san Francisco, on July
Is established a new nonstop rec
ord from Portland, Ore. TO San
Francisco, negotiating the $50 miles
in 81 hours and 80 minutes, and
averaging more than u miles to the
gallon OF fuel consumed
The fastest train time between
the points is 80 hours, so that the
aero-eight reduced this also by about
one and a half hours.
The distance which the car was
required to negotiate was farther
than that ordinarily calculated as the
direct route between the two cities
This was occasioned by several de-
tours which necessitated more than
100 miles Of hazardous driving over
bad roads and steep grades
The car IN addition TO the two pas
sengers and driver, carried a large
supply Of gasoline and oil in addition
70 that carried in the regular tank
Outside CT this. all the special equip
ment consisted Of two spotlights.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31
TREND Of TIRE
COST IS HIGHER

Car owners who are holding back
on the purchase Of tire equipment In
the hope Of reduction in prices are
likely to be disappointed There is
nothing IN the tire manufacturing
situation to indicate a downward
trend OF tire costs.
On the contrary, a fbreak" that win
necessarily mean the advance OF
prices seems inevitable.
A resume OF the tire Industry and
the conditions under which It has de-
veloped in the last decade causes
the casual observer to wonder, in fact,
that tire prices have not already be-
gun to climb steadily.
Unless one studies carefully the IN
DERIVING reasons for the successful
checking Of tire prices In the race
Of overwhelming advances In virtually
every other commodity, it is rather
amazing TO note that prices now are
much lower than they were ten years
ago. Il IS still more interesting 70
compare prices Of standard manufac-
ture tires today with prices Of the
same product at the beginning Of the
No More Than in 1914.
Good tires now cost no more than
in 1914 There has not even been an
appreclable advance in the last two
years And yet the quality is higher
and the purchaser gets more Value
for his money than ever before.
When one considers that prices OF
raw material. labor and transporta-
ton have made more tremendous
leaps in the last five years than DUR
ing any period in manufacturing his
tory the natural query concerning
the manufacturers is: How do they
hold down the pricesf
And from this question comes the
answer TO another viii the prices
It does not appear that a decrease
L.
Millions to Develop Industry.
Manufacturing genius. which has
reached its limit has kept down the
cost to the tire user. The standard
manufacturer has combatted price IN
creases by developing his processes
He has spent millions OF dollars IN
the installation OF new machinery,
better machinery and new methods
He has brought his output up to maxi
mum and has made his profits on q
quantity margin. He has smashed
overhead expenses BY use Of these
weapons and by putting his distr1bu-
ton on such a broad basis as 10 make
It economical
OUTPUT has about reached its zenith
So long as demand continues strong
there is a possibility that tire prices
viii remain on their pr sent level
But IL a general determination 70
hold out" should spread among car
owners 1t IS more than probable that
such an attitude would tend to create
a reverse effect TO the one desired
and send tire prices rocketing.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1920-07-31

TVERT sign points to a big road
~ race this fall with FL Paso as
the starting point In years past
this race has had Phoenix and the
Phoenix fair grounds as the finishing
point but 1920 may see different
81. Z NaGuin. OF this city, the
father Of the FL Paso road race stated
Yesterday that he and his associates
had not decided where the race would
be. but that It would be run was quite
within the bounds Of possibility
He IS not ready to give Definite
answer until he has had a talk with
the powers tina. be at Phoenix Wnere
he expects TO 90 next week
IN the meantime, san Diego mas
been given lot Of consideration ana
the race may 90 that far on a non
stop basis, the cars running cay anu
night with relay drivers
Fort worth wants Race
lTr. Naruuin received telegram
Yesterday from TT. worth requesting
the option on having me race Ian
from El Paso to that CITY me
answer 10 this wire was tnat the
destination had not been selected,
that 1T. worth stood as good a chance
as any place and further partlcu. aIs
from Forth Worth were requested
AS M. Nauuin said. a race Of this
MAGNITUDE needed lots OF money me
first prize this year must be more
fi,an $4,000 and cash prizes must be
posted FOR al of the first 10 10
finish. Further, there was the out
law On cash for patrolling the course
and the many Incidental bills that go
to the making Of a national event
Some Of the noted drivers OF us
United states have written requesting
entry blanks and rules and have sign
ffied their intention OF participating
II the purses are worth while
According to present plans the
purses viii be all that can be desired
and the entry fee VIII be someW nAl
1srper fI,an last year as It IS desired
10 weed out the IN experienced crlv-
ers. The entry list VIII close with
the sixteieth car.