Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1920-04-17
HANDLING AUTO
IS QUITE EASY
Little knowledge Of Component
Parts Will Bring It Back
All Right.
IGNORANCE CAUSES TROUBLE
Gasoline Mixed With Air, Compression
and Ignition Are Three Essentials
In startlng-lubrication 10
Important.

Since the test of success long has
been not that II fellow could start
something, but that he could finish II,
Il well may be said that one Is not an
accomplished motOrcar driver until nc
can get back on his own power, re-
CARELESS of what conditions he Is up
against. Anyone can be towed back
If he has the price. There Is little
fear of this for the driver of an up.
to.date car once he has learned the
simple things of operation. 1t Is ig'
norance which leads to trouble-out-
side Of the movies.
II takes three things to start car,
gasoline mixed with air, compression
and ignition. and these must be con-
tinuous II the car Is to keep running.
In addition there must be system Of
fabrication, IA system of cooling ana
free exhaust. Now, this looks like
formidable list Of things to master;
really Il can be done even by child.
To begin with the first on the list,
for instance, II may be taken Tor
granted II the engine Is started and
runs, that the carburetOr Is adjusted
properly and will stay so until human
fingers alter It; therefore the only
trouble In the gasoline supply would
be a failure to keep a supply In the
tank or the stoppage Of the pipe line
by dirt, the remedy being obvious.
To Determine Compression.
Compression may be determined by
cranking over the engine by hand and
| noticing the resistance of each cylin-
| der In turn. Lack of compression may
come from leaky valves which need
grinding In, lack Of fabrication in the
| cylinder, since oil forms n seal be-
| tween piston and cylinder walls; that
the piston rings were gummed and not
functiOning or that there was leak
at plugs, petcocks, or If the cylinder
head be removable in its gasket. But
an engine will run with pretty poor
| compression,
| Ignition Is much more likely to be
at fault than the other things men.
! toned. The modern car with starting
| system is quit" complex thing so
| far as its electric plant Is concerned,
| for there Is the starting motor and
| the generator, the storage battery,
! timing device, possibly magnetic,
and an intricate system of wiring,
with cutOut and regulator, ammeter,
; lights, horn and maybe other devices
to give trouble Barring broken wires,
! loose terminals and dirty contact
points the troubles should be few. The
car instruction book gives n chart of
! wiring.
fabrication Is Important.
fabrication ia perhaps the most i'm
portant feature Of operation of the
motor. without II the motor would
! be ruined in few minutes. Lubrica-
ton means the placing of Il film of
oil or grease between two moving
parts 10 reduce friction, and in the
cylinder IL has the added office of
sealing for compression noted above.
The fabrication system may be force
| feed, splash or circulating splash. The
latter is the one most used. The oil
is carried in the bottom Of the crank
case, called the sump at level de-
termined by the manufactures. 1t Is
pumped up TO Il dial on the dash
| board where you may observe its flow
and runs from there by gravity to the
oil troughs in the crank case, ant
possibly to some other mechanism
Narrow projections on the connecting
rods dip into the oil in the troughs
and splash II over the interior. Rapit
motion Of the parts produces a sor
of oil fog in the crank case, which
deposits a film of oil upon parts WHERE
the splash does not reach, lubricatinl
all moving parts sufficiently