Omaha daily bee., 1920-01-18

founded later for dcthroning kGn&
Alcohol Not many years aftcrward
the American Society for the Pro-
motion OF Temperance was or
ganized in Boston.
Following the organization of the
Congressional Temperance society
in Washington, the first national
temperance convention met i'll Phil
adelphia in 1883. Next year con
gress enacted law forbidding the
sale of liquor to Indians under $500
penalty. The Presbyterian general
assembly in Philadelphia at that
time also declared against the IL
quor traffic. Neal Dow. the father
of the prohibition in Maine" Or
ganized the Maine Temperance
union in 1857 and in 1889 Connect
cut invented local option" by leav-t
ing the licensing OF saloons to the
towns themselves.
Chicago License Riot
Inauguration of the ashingtonian
| movement was announced in l840,
and within year it reported 100000
signers of the pledge. In 1S42 Abra-
ham Lincoln. addressing the Wash
lngtonian society of Springfield. ILL.,,
urged "a temperance revolution"
The next year Oregon passed a pro-
hibitory law, but repealed it in l34S.
In l843 John B. Cough, arch foe OF
lntenperance," began 90 lecture in
Massachusetts for IS cents night.
Two years later, "ensnared by
trick of his enemies" he became In
toxicated, but continued his cam
paign against drink both at home
and abroad.
The democratic legislature oi
Maine in 1916 enacted a prohibitory
law. In 184B the Methodist Episco-
pal church forbade members fbuy-
ing, selling or drinking intoxicants.'
Father Matthew, the renowned
Catholic temperance advocate, ar
rived from Ireland in l849 and began
his pledge-signing crusade through
out the United States. A riot over
the license question in Chicago cali
ed out the militia in 1855. Prohib-
tory laws which had been passed in
several states were repealed and in
other cases license amendments
made them ineffective.
President-elec. Lincoln in 1860 re
fused to furnish drinks to the mott
fcation committee sent on June 10
to notify him of his election and re-
turned unopened the hampers of
wine and liquors sent to the White
House. In 1861 he signed an act of
congress "forbidding the sslling or
giving of intoxicants to soldiers" In
1862 congress repealed the law al
lowing a gill of whisky ration TO
men in the navy. Kansas in 1866
passed a local option and prohibitory
law. Ohio in 1870 passed the Adair
law making the liquor seller and the
property owner jointly responsible
for injury caused by liquor"
Organization of w. c. 7. U.
Francis Murphy delivered his first
temperance sermon in 1871 and help
ed to organize the Catholic Total
Abstinence Union of America. Three
years later women actively entered
the crusade for temperance, the
Women's Christian Temperance un-
ion being organized on November
| 10, 1874. Vermont, in 1876, passed
law declaring saloons to be "nul-
sances." In 1883 came the era Of
high license laws, several states un-
dertaking to control the traffic by
| taxation.
In 1884 the third plenary councl!
| Of the Roman Catholic preiates at
Baltimore, Nd, declared against the
liquor business. The Protestant
| Episcopal church organized the
| Knights OF Temperance society in
1885 and similar organizations were
formed by other religious denomina-
tions. In 1886 congress enacted that
instruction concerning the effects
| Of alcoholic liquors shall be given in
the schools Of the District of CO.
lumbia, in the United States mill
tary and naval academies and in
other schools under government
control"
Ohio in 1888 passed a Sunday anita
liquor law. In 1890 the secretary OF
war ruled that mo ardent spirits or
wine shall be sold in army canteens,'
a ruling, however, which some years
later was rescinded. Men and wom-
en- reformers in a temperance cru
SADIE in Bloomyille, O.. in 1891
wrecked a saloon and destroyed its
contents. Mrs. Carrie Nation took
up the same tactics elsewhere and
made the hatchet more famous than
it had been since the days of George
Washington.
Omaha Regulates Saloons.
The first worlds convention of the
Women's Christian Temperance I'M
ion was also held in Boston that
year. The Anti-Saloon league was
founded in Oberlin, O., by Howard
H. Russell that year and spread all
over the United States. In 1894 en-
forcement of the state dispensary
law in South Carolina resulted in the
killing of number Of men in liquor
raids.
By 1900 many counties throughout
the nation had become dry
through local option. Omaha, Neb.,
| in 1902 barred women and muse
| from saloons. In 1904 Virginia
"outlawed"" ESQ places for the sale
kof liquor. Iowa enacted a rigid
anti-bootleggers'" law. Oklahoma $
statehood bill passed by.congress in
1906, provided for prohibition OF
Indian reservations for Il Years.
Montana passed an "anti-wine
room" law in 1907. Indiana citizens
that year closed more than 720 sa-
looms by means of "remonstrances
Alabama, Mississippi and NORTH
Carolina became prohibition terri
tory in 1909. Texas III 1910 passed
law making it a felony punishable
by from three to five years impris.