The Red Cloud chief., 1920-01-22

II pump cannot be placed so that the limiting
suction lift VIII not be exceeded. II IL necessary
To lower the pump cylinder into the well, raising
the water from the cylinder to the spout by the
direct lift Of the piston. Water can be pushed
more easily than 1t can be pulled hence. rather
than resort to extreme suction lifts It is prefer
able To lower the cylinder to within 15 feet
less OF the supply, still better to submerge II.
Where water is discharged against pressure n
force pump Is necessary practical installa-
ton for the kitchen sink is u combined suction
and force pump which will be found u great "a
Dor saver for the housewife
Deep.Weil Pumps.
Deep-well pumps are heavier and stronger .hnn
those described above They may be OF the lift or
force type and the standard working head IL
always directly the well. The cylinder
should be (within 10 feeD or else bo,,w
water level which pumping and drought may
ate. Submergence s the preferable arrange
ment. In all installations the size of the pump
Ing cylinder must be determined from the size
depth, and yielding power of the well, the guam
tity Of water required and the available power.
Deep wells and hand or Windmill outfits take
small cylinders.
Pumping by means of compressed air IS very
Old but the systems used prior to 1909 required
the air supply to be turned on or shut of accord
ing to whether or not the water was needed
Based on a patent granted I'm that year. n two
cylinder air-dlsplncement pump submerged In the
vnter supply and controlled by the opening and
closing Of the faucet, was devised. The essen
n. parts Of installation. besides such pump.
nre air compressor, storage tank. engine or mo-
inr-with air and water pipes, and minor attach
ments. The pump operates only when water n
used, starting whenever faucet Is opened and
continuing until all faucets are closed.
The chief advantage of air-dlsplacement pumps
Is that water mny be taken from ordinary deI,th
or lateral distance. or from several sources with
<,,kAx nuA
well to the faucet The poweN plant may he
located wherever convenient and as many pumps
may be used as there are sources Of water. Bs IN
hard and soft water may be delivered by using
two pumps and the necessary piping systems
Air-dispacement pumps not adapted mt pres
ent to lifts much over 125 feet or to wells 'css
than three inches In diameter, nor can they be
used where more water is required than the
we'll supply within specified period. Air
pipes and nir-dsplaccment pumps must be tight
and remain tight In service. and working parts
must be kept in good order
Horsepower Needed.
Water may be raised by hand, windmill. hy-
draulic rams, steam hot air. gas. interna-com.
bustlon engines, or electric motors Hand power
is unsuited to large supplies or high lifts. Wind
mills are probably the most familiar type Of me-
chanical power used. and often are arranged ia
start and stop automatically. Gasoline and oil
engines are well adapted to farm pumping, AMI
in a supply tank. The Of electricity for
pumping is increasing. The method is clean,
quiet, and convenient and starting or stopping a
distant pump by throwing switch may be prnc-
tical wherever transmission lines sufficiently
near.
The theoretical horsepower needed to raise
water Is found by multiplying the gallons pumped
In minute by the total lift in feet, includ ng
friction in both suction and discharge pipes. and
then dividing the product by 1000 The horse
power as computed, should be multiplied by from
two to four to overcome losses In pumping and
still allow for reserve Of power. Ordinarily
one to two horsepower engines are sufiicien: for
farm pumps, but II is always safest to determine
this point by computation.
An advantage to be derived from the w"-n-
stalled farm water system often overlooked ts the
benefit 1t affords In the way of fire prevention
With relatively small expenditure, fixtures can be
added to pipe system, which give ready access
to the water supply for fighting flames In al
most every case n fire can be easily put out u
discovered at its early stage, providing there u
fire-fghtng apparatus near by and all hnn 's
even the children, are taught and drilled to use
such apparatus cOOlly and skifully.