davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
The Rail.uay Pay Roll
Advances Would Make In
crease of 16O Per Cent


ployees has been increased 96 per cent
since 1914, according to an editorial in
the current issue of "The Railway Age"
and if the advances for which the en-
ployees are now asking should be made
the result would be an average wage 100
per cent greater than that paid six
years ago These figures compare with
an increase in the cost Of living esti-
mated by government authorities at
about 100 per cent:
"The pay roll of the railroad admin
lstration for January, 1920, has been
made public since the hearings before
the Railroad Labor Board began. Some
very interesting and pertinent compari-
sons can be made between the statistics
it contains and past statistics regarding
railway wages. How near have the ad-
vances in railway wages come to keep
ing pace with the increase in the cost of
living? The average wage per railway
employee in the year ended on June 80,
1914, was $50 The average wage per
employee in January, 1920, was S132.25.
This, on an annual basis, would amount
to at least 1887, on which basis the
increase in the average compensation
per employee since 1914 has been 96 per
cent. It should be borne in mind also
that in 1914 large ajority of en-
ployees, to earn the wages they were
paid then, worked on a ten-hour basis,
while in January, 1920, a large majority
worked on an eght-hour basis.
Largely owing to the establishment
Of the eight-hour day, there was a very
large increase in the number of railway
The number in December, 1917, was
1,7O3 ,748, while the report of the rail
road administration shows that in jan
uary, 1920, the number was 1,958,571,
an increase of 249. 1923. The increase in
the average earnings per employee be-
tween December, 1917, and January
1920, was over al per cent, the average
wage paid in December, 1917, being
seo.33, and the average paid in January
1920, being S132.25.
"The principal product of railways is
freight transportation, and the amount
of it produced is measured in ton-mlles
In December 1917, the number of tons
moved one mile per employee was 1888
The total amount of freight traffic han
died in January, 1920. was substantially
larger, but because of the large increase
in employees the number of tons hauled
one mile per employee was only 1873, a
decrease as compared with December
1917, of little over per cent. This
decrease in the amount of freight traffic
handled per. employee is small, but it
must be considered in the light of the
operation was adopted there was con-
stant and large increase in the amount
of traffic handled per employee, this
being chiefly due to improvements in the
THE total wages Of employees in 1917
amounted to about S1,740, 100000. On
the basis of the wages paid in January,
1920, the annual pay roll would amount
to about s3,O1o,0o0,0oO year If the
advance of over 81 900 ,0oO,O 900, for which
the employees are now asking, should be
granted the pay roll would be made ap-
proximately s4,o2O,o0O,O 900 annually, an
increase over that of 1917 of approx
mately 28Oooo,oo0, or 100 per cent
employee or. this basis would be about
$1,000, or approximately $50 per cent
higher than in 1914"
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
A Week of Verse


October Fair Time: An Inciden1
AFron 1hs Chdpbook. Lo~dsNs
TNHE night and all the stars
Sweep over him-the bars
Of flashing brass
Eclipse the planets as they pass
Careering by.
The swing g-boat kicks the sky,
And leaps the earth from rim TO rim,
Alternately, on either sice
The wide
Glare Of the fair
Prodigiously is flung on high,
Trembles an instant there,
Then plunges down and under him.
Then suddenly hush has come
Into the loud
Roar of sound
The crowd
Draws back awe-struck and dumbs
AS from the ground
The stretche bearers Eft him up
And bear him from the place
His face
Is like a broken cup
Wine-stained and empty of delight.
The night
And all the stars Of space
Sleep over him
JOHN REDWOOD ANDERSON.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
A Stay-at-home President

From The Louisville Courter-JoutnaD
If Eugene " Debs were elected
President his administration would be
economical in the matter of transpor-
tation expenses of the President He
would not need the Mayfiower or any
special trains as he would not be
going anywhere.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23

,.. surehase merchandise advertised In the
isssuS9 iss vim absolute sstet--for II diSsatisfac-
'se.Mis M ..,sis, in any case THE Tribune guarantee,
,v ~. ~ssr money back ueen request. Ne rcd taps.
r'::,,,ss,lnu. We make good promptly " the
.s,.-ti,st does act.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23

g. ..,c.,,ted Press is exclusively entitled to the
-. ar rsTloNcation Of ali news dispatches credited
w w, =. not o;her- ise credited In this paper. and
,,a n. locsl news Of spontaneous origin published
t.,e,1. A,t...,o, ~ AL o.h.r r,.,..,
-, $50 are reSsIved.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
SUNDAY, MAY %, 1920
..,orrrpTIQN RATEs-sy mail 'nclud
-. ,-ny I-NITED STATES
GUARANTY

~,..1 q, tn. Postctnce at New Yort A. sse'ad
Class Mail Matter
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23

fCopyrsht 1920. York Tribune Inc
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
BULLETS FOR sPEEDERs.

g.. A policeman in a Chicago suburb,
seeing an automobile spec ding
through town at SO miles an hour,
tried to stop 1t. The two men in the
car laughed at him, and rushed on.
The policeman calmly drew his re-
volver and took Il shot at the disap-
pearing car. Still it roared on. He
emptied his revolver then, and the
car stopped. The driver had a bull
let in his shoulder, and his festive
companion had one in his neck. Both
are now In the hospital.
1t was drastic treatment, but salu-
tary. 1t would not be right to shoot
at every motorist who breaks the
speed laws and disregards a police
mans warning, but il there is no other
way to enforce respect for the au-
thority the policeman represents, he
Is justified in taking such action in
extreme cases. His bullets, at the
worst, can do no more harm than the
speeding car is likely to do. An oc-
casionai example of this sort will give
the lawbreakers Of any community a
new idea Of the dignity Of the law and
the rights OF the public.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15

continue it, hoping to recoup by a
lucky turn at stocks. Needless to
say they never recoup. ,.'r
Nothing can save the man or wo-
man who gets good start along this
line. The taste for easy luxury be-
comes part OF the person. The iail
sentence which follows does nothing Ia
give these people a constructive a1ti-
tude toward society.
But much can be done by amen
lightensd public opinion to prever,
the bringing up of young people to
believe that luxury is a vital part C
life, that pretending to he something
you are not or to own something you
don't Is Of any lasting satisfaction.
Half the mental energy used by :ha
embezzler in a vain effort to cover w
his tracks. If put into useful thinking,
would in most cases give him a solid
earning power equal to the one he
shams.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
STICK 1T OUT.

nun's Review says: Liquidation OF
lsocds that could not be moved at pre-
''iouS extreme prices\is still feature
IN various wholesale and retail chan
l,elA" That Is to say. in ordinary
anguage. wholesalers and retailers
ARE stiIl marking down prices In or
der to sell goods that they could not
sell AZ the old. high prices.
The process In sure to continue, if
boy.rs continue the caution and thrift
they have shown In the last three or
four months Many manufacturers
are Known to have vast quantities OF
Goods on hand. stored In expectation
thar the thr,s: wave would pass and
the public would soon Atart buying on
the old. reckless scale.
III their expectation were realized,
ths old prices could be maintained,
and might even be Increased. II the
public remains wary. buying only
what II really needs. and adopting
show me" attitude. those stocks will
not be held indefinitely. They cannot
be. at q time when credit Is tighten
ing and when the price of so many
Rpnic materi silk. wool. cotton,
rubber. an. etc. As falling.
Eventually all kinds OF profiteering
EaAnufacturefs. specuiators and whole
saisrH win have to unload as the su-
EAr men have done Then the con
samsr win reap the benefit.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
More Baseball .
~ For Sumter
Fats and Leans Will Battle
Again This Week

|, On last Thursday afternoon, even
before the appointed hour of 4:3O,
quite goodly number of the faith
full baseball fans had journeyed to the
ball park in every conceivable kind of
conveyance, as we'll as on foot, to
| enjoy what was intended to be an ex-
hibti6n of old time baseball between
the Fats and Leans" Of the city,
the proceeds to be given to the Dem
ocratic campaign fund to help elect
| our next president, Governor Cox Of
Ohio. Tod" Folsom (and it is en-
| tirely proper that his name should
| follow Gov. Cox was slated as "Umps'
| for the occasion, and after a little
wrangling, weighing in Of the two
| teams to determine the eligibility of
| the individual players, the game was
on, and no one dreamed that out of
the friendly test of skill of old timers
so much rivalry and even animosity
would have developed, and it was truly
fortunate that Chief "Tyrus' Barwick
| was holding down The center garden
for the Fats or there might have
been trouble before Jupiter Pluvius
took a hand in the fray and stopped
the on -SlauSnC or the Leans.
In speaking Of the chief, was there
any one present who was not thrilled
to the marrow by the magnificent slide
he made to first base in the early part
of the game, and when Slim Brun-
| son endeaVored to tag him, he was
mystified to find the chief inverted
his head was on the base and his feet
in the air, his pose resembling the big
"Y" sign. The Cmps called the chief
safe. and this so irritated the lengthy
one holding down first that it almost
precipitated a riot and was probably
the primary cause Of so much bad feel
fng which now exists between the
teams representing plus and minus
avoirdupois, and the howl has gone
forth for another game, and it matters
not for what purpose the proceeds
may be donated, it is worth the price
of admission TO see that fellow Mikell
run; it takes three experts to time
him on the bases-One to catch him
coming, one to See him pass and the
other to take his time as he circles
for home base. Wonderful, to say the
least, and space, together with the
high price of print paper prohibits a
further detail Of the many thrills
which were witnessed and will be wit
messed at the next game.
In view of the fact that such bad
feeling exists between the two teams,
City Manager Stillwell has promised
to have the entire police force on the
grounds, and Recorder Horace Hardy
will hold special court in the peanut
and soft drink stand to try offenders
against the dignity OF the city, all
fines to go into the general fund to be
donated. Doc" Burgess will also be
on hand with his first aid kit and the
hospital has engaged the county fair
building as temporary annex for
those who will need immediate at
| tention.
The game last Thursday afternoon
was try-out for eligibles, but the
next will be scrap to the finish, and
| IL you miss it, blame yourself only.
| Further announcements as to the date
and purpose for which the game will
be played will be announced later.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
WHY MEN EMBEzzLE.

magazine writer who has been
investigating the facts Of embezzle-
ment reports that there is an appal-
ling amount of that sort OF crime. In
digging into the reasons why men
steal, he adduces these:
In the first place, the good old
some extent men do cmbeZzle funds
because their wives, sisters or moth
ers have tuberculosis or there is a
mortgage about to be foreclosed. That
ls to say, the human emergency is al
ways with us as the strongest of mo-
tives. To a certain extent these
crimes are--not eXcusable, OF course
but recommended to mercy. There
Is hope for this type Of man If he is
caught in time and given a chance to
redeem himself.
Then, Of course, there is the un-
derpaid bank employee who handles
money in such quantities as to make
him feel that others consider 1t Of lit
tie value. while he is In constant need
OF money. This man, too, may be
saved. The dreaded bank examiner
is often enough friend in need.
But an extraordinary number OF the
EN- bezzling crimes are committed by
men who want the money 10 put or
dog" They are imbued by false stand.
ards of what kind OF life is worth liv.
Ing. They star. the pecuIation be.
cause they want money for uxuries
which they cannot AFFORD, and they
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15

Columbia. Sept 1S.-A heavy vote
is expected in the second primary
election throughout the State Tues
day. The vote will probably be as
heavy as any delivered in a second pri-
mary in years, due to the closeness be-
tween the two candidates for the
United States senate, Senator E. d.
Smith and Solicitor George Warren.
Other candidates in state wide con-
tests are o. X. Mauldin, Greenville,
and Wilson G. Harvey, for lieutenant
governor, and Frank Shealy and d. L.
Smith, both Of Columbia for railroad
comm ission Mr.. Shealy being the in
cumbent.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
BUMPER FAIR ATTENDANCE.

An unprecedented attendance is re,
ported from most OF the state and
county fairs. The residents of the ru-
raj districts and those from the city
alike seem to be interested.
These fairs are productive Of valu-
able results in most communities. In
one region within the last few years
the raising of grade cattle has prac-
tically ceased, only registered stock
being handled. The movement was
started at the county fair. In other
communities the quality Of farm pro-
duce has undergone just as remarkable
q change, 1t is difficult to go to the
fair and see first class grain and po-
tatoes and blood stock which were
raised by the next door neighbor, and
60 back to ones own farm contented
to produce inferior stuff. This is the
true mission of the fair, though it's So
cial features are not to be depreciat-
ed.
OF course the more people who at
tend these functions, the more widely
the seed of successful and progress
sive farming will be sown, and the in
creasing interest in fairs may well
mark the beginning of the greatest
agricultural era the nation has ever
known.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15

Frank Mann. chairman, OF the COM
nt,ice on .hoosinG appointed W IN,
rayor OF New York city. has novel
plan 70 provide the necessary hour, =
for the homeless population. he
recognlzss that OF the three obstacles
a. the construction OF new dwellings
--hith cost, OF materials. high wages
s9a scarcity OF money---the last is
ps'ohabiy the worst. He would rem
edy u by holding out. as baa for
building loaas. exemption OF real e.
taSe mortxaEes. 49,. ,s
Capital, he explains. has been re-
iuctant OF late TO enter the mortgage
bsld because the return seems inade-
qnats.
This " because q large part OF the
Income must go to meet State and
Federal income taxes and super taxes,
Then. there Is the competition of at
tractive Investments I'm Federal, State
, and municipal bonds exempt from all
thxes Furthermore. there are oppor-
tunities 90 invest In foreign bonds
paying high return. and also railroad
and other MORTGAGES bring anywhere
from to,s l-2 per cent. thus en-
abiing the investor to pay the income
taxes and still have far greater net
return on his investment thaa he
could obtain from, real estate
nortgages."
Now. if the federal and state gov
ernments. he says. would exempt real
estate mortgages from all income
taxes. II would immediately attract
large mortgage Investment capital
from private individuals and trust es-
tates. An added inducement should
take the form OF an indirect subsidy
This might properly be exemption oI
new construction from local taxation
for a limited period" 49,.
England. Germany and some other
countries have been subsldizing house
construction. but the idea Is not like
~ To ind acceptance In this country
because OF deep-rooted American
piejudice against subsidies OF an!
kind. Subsidies, however well-inten
Toned, have a way of interfering
with the proper operation OF natura
business laws, while they give som,
people undue profits and work to tn,
disadvantage OF others. n...
Many sound Arguments can be ad
vanced against this particular form
OF subsidy. Capital must be obtained
somehow; but can II not be obtaine,
more safely and logically by ofrerin,
higher rates OF interest for real estat
mortgages, AseI on the higher earn
Ing power OF property under presen
rental rates? This Is the natura
way and the way the problem is al
ready beginning TO. work itself out.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
Korean COnspiratOr
Sentenced

Toxic, Sept. 11.-Jo-so-k kan, a KO-
rean, has been sentenced to four years
penal servitude in connection with a
conspiracy against the lives Of Prince
and Princess vi of Korea. The con-
spiracy was formed as a protest
against the marriage of the Korean
prince with a princess Of Japanese
blood.
When the Judgment was announced
Korean girls among the spectators be-
gan to moan and weep. At this Jo-
so-kan turned and asked them to have
no fear-thal he would appeal his
case.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15

Toxic, Sept. 1.-THE Iiberalistic
tendencies Of the speeches in this
years session OF the Diet has been a
distinct feature of constitutional de-
velopment in Japan. The leader Of
the movement is young representa-
tive named RyutarO Nagai whose bold
ness of word has attracted the atten-
ion of the empire. In the railroad
train, at public meetings, wherever
men gather the name Of Nagai is on
the lips of Japanese as coming
man"
Nagai was formerly professor at
Waseda university, the . most demo-
cratic Of Japan'S universities which
was founded by that heroic radical
leader, Marquis Okuma. The young
man is great believer in the demo-
cratic development of Japanese pO-
litical institutions and is an admirer
of both the British parliament and the
American congress. He is described
as man of remarkable 0ratorical
talents who will be heard from later
in mOdernized Japan.
LUZ lAlC SObIS vi dlOI came TO SGlCI
in maiden speech in the house of
representatives when during an at
tack on the cabinet he called Pre-
mier Hara tho autOcratic Leninc Of
Japan" The governmental majority
had him sent to the disciplinary COM
mlttee which suspended him for five
days from the sittings Of the house.
The incident caused members Of
the opposition party to hold an in
dlgnatiOn" meeting in a Toxic hall for
the purpose of protecting freedom Of
speech and personal rights" Many
policemen We're present and finally
stopped the meeting altogelher. Mr.
Nagai was given q great ovation. He
insisted that thorough generation
of the representatives Of the people OF
the Diet was really more imperative
than a change in the cabinet for. he
said, the standard of the Diet must be
raised.
OF free speech he said: Japan has
in the past shown her wonderful ca
pacity for assimilation as may be seen
from the Japanization Of Buddhism
and COnfucianisa and from the fact
that Christianity is also in the same
process of assimilation. With such
glarIng object lessons before us an
attempt to prevent new ideas from
taking hold of the people by the sup
pl essiOn of speech, must be as de-
acribed as ignorance of the great nat
ional characteristics and an insult to
the power of assimilation Of the jap
anese people"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
ITALIAN COMMUNISM.

IL the French government were I'm
control OF Italy that Communist out
break would probably not last long.
All such movements in France have
been crushed with a strong hand.
Italy Is probably more favorable soil
than France for Russian propaganda,
but in Italy, as elsewhere, the actual
Reds are doubtless a small minority
OF the whole population. and can sue
lceed only by the tolerance of, the
majority and the weakness of consti-
tuted authorities. And In Italy there
b no such strong government as there
Is In France.
To tell the truth. modern Italy,
with all its make-believe of reviving
the glory and power of imperial
Rome. does not seem to have much
OF the old Roman spirit. The italian
character and statesmanship are often
brilliant and daring, but there is often
discernible lack of stiffness, stern
ness and perseverance. Americans
travelling In Italy usually remark the
easy-going nature of public authori-
ties as well az private citizens. The
policing OF cities is not strict. The
police are tolerant. Traffic regula-
tions are lax, or poorly enforced. Dis
clpline in the army, 1t has often been
said, Is too easy. This spirit shows
itself again and again in the attitude
Of the government toward important
matters. 1t compromises and wavers.
Concentrated ana effective authority is
not expected. ..,..s... o. p. >.v....,
| There Is little of the German at
titude toward the state" There is
much jndividuaiism. Thus the Italian
people, individually, accomplish great
things, and they accomplish great
things collectively when emotionally
aroused and united, but ordinarily
they come short in the achievements
OF organization and Capitalization.
The easy-goins Italian government
may, allow this Communist revolution
to gain much headway. There Is nc
telling how far 1t will go, or 'wha,
will come Of it. But II is reasonable
to suppose. from the character Of the
revolutionists and the history Of pre-.
vious efforts in the same direction
that II will not 60 to the extent oi
making a Russia OF Italy. Many CO
operative experiments lave been triet
In Italy, and they have seldom sue.
ceeded. Having never shown any
special genius for. cooperative indus
try before. can the Italians succeed
now In so ambitious an undertaking
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15

III -, ~ invested
+. capital. -'.e 90 per cent allowance
will be divided among employees from
the Offices down. One-third of this
compensation fund, paid partly in
cash and rarity in common stock, will
go to those holding executive posi-
tions. The other two thirds, paid
partly in cash and partly i'm preferred
stock, will go 20 the other workers.
Since the amount to be divided each
year will depend upon the activity Of
the individual worker and also upon
cooperative action among all of them,
II Is believed the proposed plan will
stimulate personal activity and shop"
spirit, and do away with most of the
labor discomfort. ,.
The idea differs from the United
States Steel Corporation plan Of sell
Ing stock to employees. As the New
York World points out, the Harvester
company comedies the vested inter-
est of employees in the whole busi-
ness"
In that fact, more than in the
amount to be divided, lies the gist of
the whole matter, though the per-
centage of division Is noteworthy as
showing the growing appreciation of
the employer for the part which la :
bor plays I'm his success.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-15
HERE AT HOME.
Sumter Citizens Gladly Testify and
Confidently Recommend Doan's Kid.
ncy Pills. 20


1t is testimony like the following
that has placed Doan's Kidney Pills so
FAR above competitions. When people
right here at home raise their voice
in praise there is no room left for
doubt. Read the public statement OF
a Sumter citizen:
w. T. Hall, blacksmith, 226 Salem
Avenue, says: Il am glad to rec
.ommend Doan's Kidney Pills, for
they have been of great benefit. There
was too much uric acid in my sys-
tenn and was bothered a great deal
with my back. When l bent over, it
was difficult for me 20 stcaighten up.
heard OF Doans Kidney Pills being
such good remedy and l used them.
1t only took one box Of Doan's to
make me fell a whole lot better"
Price GOc, at all dealers. Don't
simply ask for a kidney "emedy-get
DOan's Kidney Pnls-the same that
Mr.. Hall had. Foster Milburn Co.
Mfgrs., Buffalo, n. Y.-Advt. 76