Republican farmer., 1920-06-18
INDUSTRY AND
 ACRICuL TURF IN CzECH0SLOyAkIA

CzECH0SL0VAklA
 Since the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic on October 2S, 1918, the progress of the Czechs and Slovaks, who then realized their long cherished ambition to be regarded as a distinct people, has been watched with considerable interest. Living in a compact mass in Bohemia Moravia, Austrian Silesia and Slovakia, their country is just trif1e larger than the state of Pennsylvania and as a whole rather mountainous, except for the Danube plain, which is richly en- dowed with forests. To be exact. this new Republic has an area of about 600 square miles. Besides Czechoslovaks, it's population of near .mans, y-Magyars, Poles and Ruthen- ians. The principal cities are Prague, Brunn, Pilsen, Pressburg. Budweis, Kladno and Olmutz.
 Of it's total area 50.47 per cent is devoted to field crops, 29.o1 per cent. to forests, 17.14 per cent. to mead ows, gardens and ponds; only 3.3S per cent. is unproductive. In 1910, 32 per cent. of the total population of Bohemia was employed in agri- culture, in which great progress has been made during the last fifty years. The lands along the great rivers Labe, lVlatava, Moravia and Dyje are said to be among the most produc- tive in Central Europe. Wheat, oats, rye and barley are the chief grain crops The potato, which forms the staple food of the people is extensively grown. The cultiva- tion of the sugar beet has become oi great importance, and previous to 1914 increased attention was being given to flax and hemp. For many years plums were so plentiful that they constituted article of export In normal years the value of the an- | nual harvest in Bohemia was estinaat- ed at 0,00o,000 crowns ($250,- 000,0Oo, normal exchangeD. IT 1913, the chief crops were: 17,753,- 6eo bushels of wheat, ss,O65, ,715 bushels of rye, 67,50S,750 bushels o1 oats, 32,431,666 bushels of barley 137, ,020,000 pounds of vegetables 12s, ,s1s, ,ooo bushels of potatoes, l.. e39,300 tons of hay and 4,47F,44t tons of sugar beets. The yield o1 stone fruits during the same veal | was 13S,SS7 tons and all other fruit: S7,S5S tons. In 1914, Bohemia produced 2S,600,O0O pounds of hops | Although not so well developed a. \ agriculture, the rearing of sheep 1 horses and cattle, and poultry ant | bee farming were extensively carried ! on. The war has left the countr. l practically bare of animal life. For ests occupy s,76s,O67 acres in Bohe mia, 533,677 acres in Moravia ant l 455077 acres in SiIeSia
 l The minerals found include: coal Ignite, iron, graphite, gold, silver l radium, lead, zinc, marble, granite sandstone limestone, white quartz ant various kinds of clay suitable for tn production of brick, tile, pottery, ant 1 porcelain. In 1913, the last yea | for which figures could be obtained | the total value of the mining pro l ducts in Bohemia was $35, ,774 an l it's smelting products s7,23o,33o. Il 1 Silesia the annual output of ores i | quite large, but the mines of Slova l kia have not been exploited. In 191 Bohemia, Moravia and Si1esia produc ed coal valued at 25,918,S0O, lignit $42, ,1O7 500, iron ore s1,s64, 400 ant graphite $57,S00. Bohemia produc ed in the same year gold to tn value of s59,20o, silver $4S,200 an
 radium $11.4oo.
 
 icountry manufacturing esta blishm ent are we'1 developed. In proportio
 to pop Alatior, Bohemia was nor largely engaged in manufacturin
 than any other section of Austria
 Hungary, having in 1914, 5000 fac
 tories, employing 440,000 persons. I
 and near the city of Prague, whic
 is the capital of the" country and a
 important European railroad center
 f@ 1~1
 flour mills, distilleries, sugar refiner
 ies, cotton spinning mills; plants fo
 the manufacture of locom otives, at tomobiles, agricultural implement
 gas and electric motors, machiner
 for sugar mills, breweries, potterie
 mines, etc.; also many factories turr
 ing out textiles, furniture, glasswar
 porcelain, pottery and jewelry. Tn
 glass industry, introduced from We nice in the thirteenth century is ( , great importance. Silver and 1eathe work have a long history local ir
 dustries and exhibit the Czechs del
 cate artistic sense. These industrie
 are capable of considerable develor
 ment The same can also be sai
 of handmade lace, the making
 which is carried on in the villages z
 a household industry. According
 the latest figures obtainable there al
 1oS sugar factories in Bohemia, AS } Moravia and in Silesia. Of tt
 671 breweries in the country, 551 al
 in Bohemia, 9a in Moravia and in Silesia. in 1911, there were 35 , disti1leries in Bohemia.-By Lin 3 Kahn in The Worlds Markets, pull
 1ished by R. G. Dun & Co.
 : TO RECEIVE DEMOCRATS.