davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
rnal. 20 aiN nNn l5 led. 0Oo e.S29 OOO 3d. ESQ QUO
Birth-rate 80 Per Cent of Normal

The decline of the birth-rate repre-
sents 38 per cent of the normal. If
the losses of Turkey, Greece, Portugal,
Montenegro, the United States, the
British dominions and the other non
European belligerents and colonies are
included, then the total loss to the
world must be put down at forty mill
ion lives, the report says Of these,
twelve million have been lost on the
battlefields.
And, IN addition to these direct war
casualties, there are daily further
deaths in the fighting still raging all
around the borders of Russia. Further
more, as result of the social up
heaval bequeathed by the war, in
ternal struggles are taking a daily
toll of lives in Russia, Germany and
Hungary. In addition, there are ap..
palling large communities in central
and eastern Europe and in Siberia,
which are slowly falling prey to hun
ger, cold and disease.
One Of the most graphic results of
the war casualties in the remarkable
numerical change in the relation of the
sexes. In the ten countries mentioned
in the statistics the surplus female
population has risen from about five
million to about fifteen million.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
Vienna Extends Time Schedule

VIENNA, May 4.-The city govern
ment has partly nullified the effects
of the new summertime schedule now
in force, by extending for one hour
the closing hours of theaters, coffee
houses and restaurants.
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
40 Million Deaths
Due to the World
War, Report Says
l2,OOO,OOO Were Lost on
the Battlefields; Birth
Rate Decline Represents
38 Per Cent of Normal
From The Trtbunc's European Bureau

From The Trtbuncs European Bureau
LONDON, May 10.-Forty million
persons are dead to-day who would
have been alive had there been no
World War. That is the announce
ment Of the Society for the Study Of
the Social Consequences of the War, a
Copenhagen organization, which has
just issued report on the human war
losses.
The report is based on exact material
obtained from the Central Powers,
France, Italy and Great Britain, whose
populations represented 60 per cent Of
those engaged in the struggle. 1t was
impossible to secure complete data
from the smaller states, and especially
from Russia, and the report is there
fore in small part based on computa-
tions deducted from the results OBJ
tanned for other countries. But in
these cases the calculations were so
cautiously made as to represent a safe
minimum.
The period covered by the report,
which was concluded at the end of last
October, stretches from the beginning
Of the war to the middle of 1919. 1t is
based on detailed inquiries into the
changes of the populations of the six
great powers Excluding the United
States) and of the four small bel
ligerents, Belgium, Bulgaria, Rumania
and Serbia. The report gives not only
the actual war casualties, but the de
cline of the birth rate and the rise in
the ceath rate as we'll. The report
thus gives the real loss the war has
brought to the populations of the coun-
tries engaged.
Report on War Casualties
Statistics of war casualties anc
changes in birth and death rates fol
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
Seven English Bishops
Denounce Spiritl,alism
Statements Mark the Beginning of What Is Elk.
pected to Become Formidable Opposition to
Wave of Public Interest on the Subject
From The Tribune's Europeon Bureau

From The Tribnnes Europeon Bureau
LONDON. May 10.-~Seven Church Of
England Bishops have simultaneously
made public statements in denuncia-
tion of popular spiritualism. This is
undoubtedly the beginning of what will
grow to be formidable opposition
to the wave of popular interest in
that subject which has swept over
England in the last twelve months.
While formerly spiritualism was a
cult only of unknown cranks, takers
and mountebanks and exploited almost
solely for sensational amusement, NOR
Gently been lifted into more dignified
and scientific realms by the persistent
advocacy and investigation of such
well-known men as Sir Arthur Conan
Doyle. of Sherlock Holmes fame, and
Sir Oliver Lodge, the respected and
noted scientist,
In addition, the English newspapers,
particularly the Sunday issues, have
been filling columns with signed ar
tlcies from persons in the public eye
mostly in support of spiritualism, and
with long accounts of spiritualistic
demonstrations and manifestations
photographs of alleged spirits lowering
around the flesh and blood subjects OF
the pictures and there are three plays
dealing wholly or in part with spirit
uallsm on the London stage to-day.
Campaign at Climax
But the campaign of spiritualism
reached a climax with the publication
in Lord Northcliffe's Sunday "Weekly
Dispatch" of a series of full-page ar.
ticles purporting to give in great de-
tail an inspired account of life after
death by the Rev. G. Vale Owen, ar
English vicar. The series has already
been running fourteen weeks, is still
going strong and is being followed
with tremendous interest by multi
tude of British readers. 1t is claimed
in fact, that the paper has gainet
2500O0 in circulation since the articles
began to be published.
Undoubtedly it is this last outburs
from an English churchman which ha
rallied the bishops to concerted action
against the growing favor of spiritual
ism. Listen to the bishops.
Bishop of Hcreford: Nothing is
more certain than that spiritualisti
Investigations are, for ordinary people
mentally and morally debiltatng. N,
progress is made in them and it il
difficult to believe that any genuinel!
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
British Foley
Toward Poles
is Condemned
Railway Mems Union De-
cides Not to Haudle Any
Supplies Intended for
Use Against the Russians
Officials Plan Acti o n
Soldiers May Be Compelled
to Handle Military Sup
lilies To- Be u Used in Ireland

From The Tribune's European Bureau
LONDON. May 22.-The Whitsuntdc
holidays, which began to-day and which
for Parliament will last until June l,
give the country chance to consider
the three bic outstanding problems
the Irish crisis, the Russian situation
and the troublesome entanglements
stretching from Poland to Turkey, and
the Spa conference.
This week has witnessed the growth
of a formidable opposition to the gov
ernment's policy regarding the Rus
sian-Polish war among laborites, lib
erals and Lord Robert Cecil. 1t has
been increased rather than soothed by
Bonar Laws statement. in the House
of Commons. Polish supporters here
regret the latters allegedly poor state
ment of the governments case and the
British Foreign Office openly assumes
an attitude free from his apologetic
stand, against the charges by Cecil, la
Dor and the liberals that some official
source here is supporting the Poles,
and their demand that the league Of
nations take up the matter.
Russian Bitterness Grows
Officials insist that he Poles have to
attack the Russians as a defensive
measure and that here has been no
British interference either for or
against the movement. There is no
doubt, too. that the Soviet's latest move
in capturing the Persian port of En-
zeli and the continued dangerous prop
aganda in Turkey and Armenia has
increased official bitterness against
Russia. But, regardless of the ques-
ton Of the business of the official posi-
tion.~ there is no gainsay!ng the
strength and earnesness of the opposi-
ton, of which the latest evidence is
the National Union Railwaymen's de-
cision not to handle any goods intended
to assist Poland against Russia.
Regarding Ireland, while labor has
dropped out of the House of Commons
debate over the Irish bill. it is taking
on increased Interest, growing out of
the internal strife in Ireland. Guerilla
warfare by the Sim Feiners has re-
suited in the British governments be-
ginning q drastic plan of thoroughly
garrisoning and policing the island
with greatly augmented military forces.
In this instance preliminary negotia-
tions have been held between the Irish
and English dock workers for the hold
ing up military supplies to troops in
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23

scientific character attaches to re-
searches so barren, so heavily shad-
owed by fraud and so plainly IN
wholesome to the Investigators
Bishop of Norwich: $50 far as spir-
itualism relates to communication with
those behind the veil do not believe
that we can obtain anything so strong
and comforting as the consciousness
of our fellowship in Christ, who unites
the living and the dead"
Bishop of Truro: "In this life the
future is veilcd from our eyes. If it
we're not so, life would be hardly toler-
would be in jeopardy. Therefore,
fortune telling, crystal gazing and all
such things are clearly, so far as they
are in earnest, efforts to cut across
the wisdom Of the Divinely y ordered
plan"
Outside the Plan of Life
some little and then the veil is drawn.
If spiritualism attempts to lift this
veil that we may gain from its lifting
some knowledge of the future, then
clearly we are going outside the divine
plan of life. Success in this endeavor
would make us all, not creatures Of
circumstance, but mere automata at the
will of the future"
The Bishop of Lincoln: "Those at
tempting to probe the future are try
ing to open a door closed by God"
The Bishop of Lichfield: "On the
main point the welcome I should give
to any scientific demonstration of the
conscious existence after death of per-
sonalities whom l have loved and rev.
erenced on earth and Of real inter-
course with them, then am sure I am
not prejudiced against spiritualism
But it is impossible for me to read
without some prejudice the exposition
! of the nature of that conscious exist
ence, which spiritualists hold to be re.
vealed to them by the departed
through controls and 'mediums'
Their conception of survival-tha'
is, the continuance of life closely re-
sembling our present life-is not iden
! tical indeed, with my conception
which believe to be the Christian con
ception of a revival renewal Of
spiritual life, being with Christ
Everlasting life is not to US as it seem
to them, very like earthly life pro
longed everlastingly."
SO much for the bishops. There is
little doubt that Sir Arthur and 81,
| Oliver, not to mention many lesser
lights among the -spiritualists, will
soon burst forth with their reply
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
Dutch Announce
Draft of World
Court of League
Tribunal Would Consist of
Is Judges and 6 Sub.
stitutes, All Recognized
Authorities ON the Subject

THE HAGUE, May 5.--A draft for
the Permanent Court Of international
Justice Of the League of Nations, as
it has been offered to the secretariate
of the league in the name of Norway,
Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland and
Holland. has been made public by the
Dutch government. 1t is the result of
the conferences held in the Peace
Palace at the Hague in February.
According to the plan the court would
consist of fifteen judges and six sub
New-York tribune., 1920-05-23
Bolivia Abandons Demand
For africa Port. Is Rurnor

LAPAz, Bolivia, May 21.--Bolivia, it
it declared in apparently reliable quar-
ters here, will propose to Chile that
she give Bolivia the outlet to the sea
desired by this country, at a point
anywhere within the former Bolivian
littoral, Bolivia engaging to construct
the necessary port works.
If this report proves true, it means
the abandonment of the long standing
demand Of Bolivia for the port of
africa, in the territory so long in dis.
pute between Chile and Peru.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

back here at the old homestead. 1t
mayn't be as fine and snowy as lots
you'll see there in the city, but its
more the sort that the good Lord in
tended you for. Ma and | are hoping
the best for You. son, but--When you
do find out that your fortunes not
away off there--just pocke4 your pride
and come back here to US who love
you"
So young Tom left the farm with
shining eyes and high heart and ad-
ventured into the great. far-aWay city
in quest of fame and fortune.
How he Jared there and all the sOr-
ry disappointment that repeatedly
overlook him during that year of alb
sence would be a long and narrowing
story to tell He chased his rainbow
to its end, yet found the tabled pot of
gold not there as he had so confidently
and blatantly expected.
Tom made applications for all sorts
of office positions only to find himself
quickly rejected because Of his lack
of experience in those specific IL
''Well, anyway. I'm young and hus-
nd used to hard manual labor"
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

mad with the s+r=s=l AZ .-a.tlns. IL
shrank from letting himself think Of
the deed to which he was about to bel
party.
Involuntarily his dragging footsteps
took him back into the more brilliant.
ly lighted retail shopping district
where the crowds already had thinned,
hurrying home to their families and
happy, expectant kiddies with the hOli.
day celebration in mind.
The hours dragged slowly by. Il
came near the hour for the stores to
close. But still there was time, Il
poor Tom had only had money, to
have rushed in, bought the presents
he wanted for the old folks and tilil
dren, and caught the midnight train
back to the country. He easily could
reach there by morning ard appear IA
q joyous surprise to them 81 i y
But ah! Why drive himself TO dis
traction by thinking of that when
there was no chance that
And right then, suddenly, he espied
1t lying there, almost at his very feet
a big, fat wallet, with not person
nearer than hundred yards OF him..
Plainly someone had lost 1t in their
mad haste to get home.
Tom stopped and scooped it up like
a flash. Around the corner he surrep-
titiously examined it. Bills-b0th
green and yellow, of large denomina-l
tions-they fairly stuffed 1t !! There
were seven hundred dollars or more
"a small fortune to the miserable boy
who had not even eaten for fourteen
hours. Money! Money! Money!
Far more than ne possibly could need
even in his most extravagant dreams.
With gurgling cry, Tom stuffed the
wad of bills into his trousers pocket.
threw away the fine leather purse ana
made a mad dash for the nearest de-
partmenr store.
No need now to keep his sinister
criminal appointment-no more neces-
sity for
-
Rut the most gladstone feature o.
young Toms homecoming that next
day was his blushng announcement W
the old folks that he had had enough
of the big city; that he had eo'ls
home to stay, az they had prayed ne
would
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

about how y handle the stuff belong
ing to all them rich guys?"
"Godn groaned poor Tom in the
abyss of his wretchedness. Eyes, I'll
do it! | will! / will %
The other clapped him roughly on
the shoulder with a saturnine leer and
attempt at jocular fellowship.
We'll, | thought cha would" he
rasped hoarsely. "We'll meet cha at
the corner by the lumber yard at 80.
Don't you fail to be there now!'
Il won't. I'll be there all right !''
Tom muttered brokenly. Already in
his cringing soul he felt like the thief
he had pledged himself to become. Oh
heaven, if only
To kill time until the appointed
hour, he dug his numb hands deeper
down into his pockets and wandered
aimlessly on. He had no particular
objective in mind save only the need
to keep moving lest he freeze or go
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

night Waterman, so that the bulls can'e
four ways on the swag if v wanta go
in on it with US. Whatcha say now,
DO, huh? Safe and easy as falling off
log"
The sinister appearance of the ruff
! fan repealed Tom, and the very
thought Of the crime they contemplate
ed struck him with fright. 1t meant
Jail, disgrace, if they were caught.
"Rut II never have done any
thing like that in my life" he STAN
mered weakly, teeth chattering in the
biting wind. SIT would be criminal
The whisky doesn't belong to US. It
would be Illegal for us even to try to
sell it afterwards"
"Pahn spat the ugly-visaged man
sneeringly. you look pretty, bird
like youse, talking that way about
what's lawful and all that! Lots that
these rich guys have cared how you
got along since you came to town,
from the looks of you. They've got
fine, warm homes and coin and every
thing. Volta they care whether poor
buns like US have to go hungry or
freeze in the gutter on Christmas eve?
Why should you care about them when
they don't give a rap about your
You've got to go on living, amt cha,
huh?'
Tom hunched his shuddering Shout
defS against the wind, trembling as
much because of his own moral irreso-
luton as from the terrible cold.
"Well, bo, how about it? Are y
on or are " still so almighty particular
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18
Substitute for a Tree.

We are not going to have a Christ
mas tree, writes q correspondent. To
make them brilliant many pretty little
ornaments are needed and they cost a
good deal. My plan is for a barrel
in place of tree. l have the barrel
now in a closet 1t is covered with old
dark green cambria and the day before
the great holiday ] am going to pin
sprigs of evergreen and holly over it.
It will look pretty gay, I think, when
it Is filled with the gifts that are go
ing into it now. all prettily tissued
and tied, and my son as jolly Old
Santa Claus stands over it to delve in
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

| Tom consoled himself. Il can at least
| get a job with q contracting gang, as
| q painter, or plumbers assistant, or
teamster. That will suffice to keep me
going for while until the sort of po-
| sition | want turns up"
But even in those lines of work the
| green country boy found himself sud
! denly brought up short against blank
wall He had no references as to past
| city employment and nobody would
| hire him after once finding out that he
| had no union card.
Huddled in his shabby Overcoat on
a street corner in the squalid section
of the city-the icy wind Wnfstling
around him and biting through his
threadbare garments-poor Tom stood
on the evening before Christmas, Won
dering where he might find a shelter
in which to sleep that night without
freezing.
Just how long he had stood there,
shivering in the chill wind on the
street cOrner-bitterneSs against the
great, unfeeling city ranking in his
heart-Tom did not know. He was
startled from his moody reverie by
hearing a hoarse Wheedling voice at
his very elbow, saying what was n-
tended as a confidential tone:
How'd y'like a nice hot feed and
some coin to jingle in yer pants, bo?
Amt hungry, are ya?'
,;,,Ii, -
accoster was an under sized, burly fell
low with a tough, trucuIent viSage and
hands showed deep into the side peck
cts of his coat. He wore Il battered
cap with the visor pulled low down
over his eyes and spat inadvertently
upon the sidewalk each time before he
spoke.
How'd y'like the idea. huh?" he re-
iterated in his raucOuS, grating voice,
Siding closer as he spoke and casting
wary eye up and down the~nparly
deserted gloomy, Wind-sWept street.
Tom regarded him with distaste and
undisguised mistrust He looked like
typical thug. But misery cannot be
too fastidious about The company it
keeps. FINALLY Tom scowed blackly
and answered:
whats that to you. anyway"
well, you're outta luck, amt cha,
pal? Yer on yer uppers, stony broke
and maybe with an empty belly, too.
huh, DO? Well, guessed that much.
l amt blind yet, | amt. Well
need a pal for little job tonight and
we both can make a IOtta jack out of
it, See?''
"Iou-you mean-burglary?" Tom
muttered hestantly. with an involun-
tary contraction of his heart.
"Humph, Not anything like safe
cracking or breaking into a house. i
don't. Too many people staying I'D
with the kids over Christmas trees to-
night. | amt keen Oh takin foot
chances like that I'm teIlin va Nav,
this ! wantcha for is something soft
safe and easy as falling off d iog. You
know the big prices people are willing
to pay for real booze since the coun
fry Went dry don't cha? Well right
near here | know certain s.arahousa
that's got 2b cases Of VII <EN = raj ~
'he haseHte:,r. k@al Ir,r'a.I ~tu1
he TatchMa8 is ~ ~ ,r5. u iss
ia. ,--t
Weli split on the coin we get after
wards. I've got another guy with a
hlVVer that's ready to meet US about 2
O'Clock this morning to haul away the
stun as fast as we pass it up to him
through the alley windows. We've
got it all framed for fake capture
and tying up of our other pal, the
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18
Christmas in DAYS of Tore.

There are many old and stately cere
monies and many historical events
connected with Christmas that are
well worth perusng, and that give us
gIimqSeS .of We ancient times when
our fathers and our fathers forpfafh-
ers celebrated and revol!e6 anA .r.vt,
of thojr abundance e. rh.ae fer H1nr
nCtEjrF w., ~ :. r'd.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18
Best of All HOLIDAYS

AK1NG it all in all, it may
H. be safely asserted that
Christmas is the merrieSt and the
best of all holidays, and one
which is likely to be observed for
ages yet to come. Nations may
rise and fall, new beliefs and re-
ligions may sweep away the old,
but that would seem, indeed. a
dreary and empty year which
brought no merry Christmas in
its annual round. May old Fa-
Their Time long spare his holt
day to mankind TO gladden. the
hearts of all with its coming,
and may each Christmas be
still merrier than the last.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

to its mysteries and to proclaim the
names of those who are to solve them.
I am sure we will enjoy our barrel as
much as we would a tree.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18
BOXES, OLD CHRISTMAS FAD
Ancient Custom at One Time Devei.r
oped Into Demand as Right and
Became Nuisance.

Ag77r@7 HE bestowal of Christmas
SSsST \ boxes is of great antiquity,
SsGgY@ and was formerly the bounty
;sSty%4 of well disposed persons
who were willing to contrib
ute something toward the industrious.
Later the gift came to be demandeu
as a right and became somewhat OF
a nuisance. Long ago the Roman Cath-
Ollie priests had masses for every.
thing. and if a ship went to the West
Indies they had a box in her undeE
the protection of some patron sain@
into which the sailors put money "
other valuables In order to secure tnS
prayers of the church. AT Cnrlst.
mas these boxes were opened ana were
thence called Christmas boxes. ~
England the day after Christmas ~
known as Boxing day." from Tue
Christmas boxes which used TO De W
circulation. and in the British lnu-
scum can be. seen boxes covered Win
green glaze with a slit in the size AOA
money and presents.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18
TOM AND THE HIGH COST OF
CHRISTMAS GIFTS.
(By Lysle Ferree Cass)

Hen Tom left the farm to
go to the city to make his
fortune he did it contrary
to the ominouS head
shaking and prophecies
of disaster of all the
neighbors. Even his IA
Their and mother, with past
wears of toll RAPIDLY be-
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

ginning to tell upon them, were pes
simistic of his chances of success, nor
could they resist expressing their fore
bodings.
The old folks loved their boy too
well TO reproach him for his desertion
now in the first flush of his young
manhood, but their hearts did ache at
thought of the separation.
You'll soon get tired of all that
hurly-burly there in the city, Tom"
his old father told him. And when
you do, want you always to remem-
Der that we've still got place for you
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1920-12-18

we'll split on the coin we get after
wards. I've got another guy with a
hlVVer that's ready to meet us about 2
O'Clock this morning to haul away the
stun as fast as we pass it up to him
through the alley windows. We've
got it all framed for a fake capture
and tying up of our other pal, the