Evening journal., 1920-11-29

William Penn was horn In London
in the year i6ii The battle Of Mars
ton Moor in which Cromw II and his
lronsides cut the Cavalier army 10
pieces, IS enough In itself 20 make tho
year memorable. Things were going
badly With King Charles and his
frfnds. He had undertaken TO night
British liberties, and might have won
II the men who held their liberties
dear had not been a curious c0mhina-
tton OF saint and soldier Five years
latsr Charles lost his head and the
Commonwealth was established. How
much young William Penn knew
all this we cann0i tell. lie was living
very quietly with his Dutch mother
far from the scenes Of strife and pass
ing his carly years among Puritan
farmers where no battles stained The
fair fields with blood. But his father
was directly involved IN the great
movements OF the ag AZ an early
axe he became an admiral and took
part in s'me Of the naval battles that
lifted the name OF England 10 the
place Il had h Ia during the slorous
reign Of Queen Elizabeth. However
it was only a professional service nc
gave TO the Commonwealth, for In his
heart Admiral penn was sincerely
attached TO the eXiled royal family.
Judged by our standards. he deserves
TO be held in deep contempt, FOR whe n
Cromwell put him in charge OF a
great feet and army With which 10
subdue the West Indies. he wrote to
France offering to turn the whole ex-
pedition over TO tho cause OF the
Stuarts an offsr declined by them
only because they did not know what
TO DO with the ships and men Just at
that time. So Admiral Penn sailed to
the West. but the expedition was
failure-the only succ So being the
nbingation and annexation OF the
island of Jamaica. Cromwell learned
of the admirals treachery and on his
return sent him 90 prison. But the
perfdy was the ultimate making of
Inc Penn family, FOR when the Stuarts
returned 20 the throne or England
they always showed their gratitude 10
any one who hora The name nt penn.
The year 1860 has a double interest
Charles the Second returned from
exilo and mounted the throne and
William Penn, at the age Of i6. went
10 oxford as scholar OF Christ
church College. This is the begin
ming Of our history, for up TO thal
point We know almost nothing OF
Young p nm. We have a record that
Al the age OF a he saw an eternal
glory In his room "and was illied
with an inward comfort which gave
rise 10 religious emotions but this
only proves that he was predispos
10 religion. His entrance into oxford
was at a most unfortunate time, lust
when The Cavaliers and Church of
England men were turning out the
ptrrltans, and were giving way TO all
kinds OF excesses in their rebound
from the solemn restraints or the
past few years. But things went
smoathlv enough for Penn until a
travelling Quaker arrived IN ue Guy
and began 10 preach the new religion.
With others the young student OF
Christ Church drank In the strange
and simple doctrines and u would
seem that they Immediately began q
act upon them. They affected, or felt
great horror Of all Nestments and
manifested their feelings 10 tn en-
tent of pulling the supplies from the
hacks Of their fellow students ana
ahseniing themselves from the col.
lego chapel. Penn was censureu ana
ADMIRAL penn was hlehly indignant
al his sons conduct Everyihlng was
going well with H. admiral. lie was
favorite with the new King. was
overloaded with important onlces.
and a peerage was IN sight ne hau
even picked out his title and soon
sxnected la be The Earl Of Weymouth.
No wonder his ambitious heart was
NAMED when his eldest son took mp
with the teachings OF an obscure sect
and placed himself In opposition TO
tho fashionable religion Of the day.
The Ouakers, or Friends were
peculiar people. even In those days Of
innumerahle secls, each sect hasec
unon somo extrayagant Interpretation
of Scripture. II was ahont ten years
before Penn went to oxford tina
George Fox began 10 pr ach and q
ten Of wonderful visions which ha'
come D. him in answer 10 prayer
Fox was a shrewd man. or fanatica
and oxcliable disposition. unedp'ai
hut not a naturally keen mind. III
first converts were drawn prime pal
from one or other of The eXtrem
Sects and were almost entirely fror
the common people. Thomas lo'
who Influenced Penn In Oxford, wa
one OF FoX's earliest converts. tn
Ouakers refused 20 pay taxes 20 sur
porf an established religion and wef
opposed 10 a paid ministry. rht
would not take an oath in any forl
and. therefore. could not he sworn
legal proceedings. This often cause
them unnecessary trouble and mao
persecution easy. because In coui
they could not take The oath Of alh
glance to the kinr, howeNer 10y
ihey might be- Their encmics mad
full use OF this The 0uakors W0ul
not remove thfir hats TO any one.
the only time they would uncoV'
was In PRAYER and 10 do so In Y
presence OF any one else was I'D
uniting him cn an equality with Co
They declined 10 give or receive title
addressing every one bluntly by h
Christian name They dcnlfd th
validity or need Of M. sacraments
a superstition NJ The R0mish Churcl
and In matters OF doctrine they r.
iecied an the suhtilty and NETS
physics Of the crceds and accepte
only the simple words OF Scripiur
Net they did not accept the Bible a
a final and complete revelation, bl
licV'ng that God siill reveal Hin
self 20 men In their hearts and mind
hy means of the inner light m
light which lighteih every man ths
cometh into Oh world" They elaine
That no ono was expected 20 beliey
more than reason could cOmprehenl
They deniid original sin and tot,
depraNlN, holding that there W,
some good in every man. They hel
also that perfection was nossih
upon earth IN y prohibited a
amusements, recreaiiOns. s5mes. The
iers. cards, dancing and sports
being hindrances TO perfection IN,
dfsbelifNed In war. and thought