The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-09-22
FIRST AID TO THE INJURED
Eisht of a Series Of Article ON
;f7,-- First Aid authorized BY the
:, Northern Division OF the
: y. American Red. Cross. @t:t :
! BE A HELPFUL BYSTANDER
.:sx By Captain. CIR. c. Fisher
STRAINS. sPRAINsI COMMISSIONS
..;, .5yy....:' ! AND DESIGNATIONS -.

Z STRAINS and sprains are often con-
fused but, a ,starin is not spraln,
since a sprain is much more serious
than a strain. A strain Is the STREET
ching OF a muscle, either in overex-
ercising or from OVERRIDING In work;
particularly in lifting heavy articles.
especially jerking up weights with
the. back bent. AS rule, rest Will
restore over-straining of the~system;
friction, with hands on parts AFFECT
cd cold appncations and support OF
piilows on lower 1extremities, or OF
arm sling for upper extremlties 1or
a short while, will usually sun1ce.
"a sprain, on the other hand, is
wrench of joint due to a. sudden
or =. violent movement. r In severe
sprains the ligaments may be- torn
the cartilage. of: the joint may pc IN
;iured, the surrounding muscles
atretched< and there may even be a
hemorrha &c Into the point. inc
SYMPTOMS of such: serious injury
are we'll known; the pain Is usually
e2bad enough to cause to injured 20
faint: nausea, is common; great swell
ling occurs II the blood vessels near
the surface are ruptured; the parts
become black and blue within an
hour or two-those deeper take
8daA or more to cause discolorat1on.
6eedfIy procure medical help, but In
the meantime, if the ankle, remove
shoe by undoing laces or buttons and
carefully rip back seam Of shoe ana
stenderly slip off, otherwise, II shout
der or elbow, place patient IN cas-
lest ~possible position and support
limb on pillow If wrist, suppore
with large arm sling; if knee or an
kle elevate limb on pillows. Apply
%ice-cold applications. = EPSON salts
in solution is good, as the evapora-
tion ia an aid to keeping down swell
ing. but don't cover. cloths; alcOhol
may be. also be used for same put-
pose, One, of the best remedles %
cambat the pain and keep down
swelling is chloroform liniment-
equal parts chloroform and sweet
j oil. Apply cloths saturated with
this mixture, cover with oil silk, rub
her tissue or oil paper, and keep In
place by loose bandage. Always
treat shock, and insist on patient
keeping perfectly quiet.
A common confusion is that OF the
eye sockets, better known as a
.tblack eye." To overcome swelling
and discolorization, keep piece OF
lint or cause, which have been on
ice over the confusion and change
: frequently; wash the eye and sur
=, rounding parts with boric acil solu.
tion (teaspoonful to two ounces OF
boiled water),, and when swelling
4 and inflammation are reduced the
AFFECTED parts may be painted with
contractile collodion, or new skin.
Larger Commissions, place, injured in
most comfortable position; ii limbs
elevate on pillows ,and keep cold or
hot cloths on bruised parts according
to weather-hot in cold weather,
cold in hot weather. Treat shock and
call for doctor. -
! SFIn case of disloca tions, carefully
place patient IN comfortable position,
apply cold or hot applications, treat
shock and get medical aid as quick
ly as possible: