davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

these various attempts on his life, Cabrera, it is
to the effect that, fearing poison, he would take
no food except that specially prepared for him by
his mother, which was served to him in q her
medically closed steel casket which he opened him
self at table.
There seems small room for doubt that Ca
brera's regime was ruthless and his methods ut
terly despotic but his defenders insist that the
whole his long reign has brought more good than
evil to Guatemala. He has improved the country s
finances, they say, carried out many important
public works, reformed and liberalized the laws,
fOstered agriculture, introduced modern systems
of sanitation. Above all, they declare, he has
shown himself such jealous believer in educa-
ton that he has installed in Guatemala really
up-te-date school system based on American mod
els.
During the great war the Guatemalan dicta-
tor according to report instrumental in nip
ping in the bud German plot for causing revo-
IutiOnary outbreaks throughout the five Central
American republics and extending them, if posi-
BILE, to Panama and Colombia The German min
lister at Guatemala, Herr Lehman, was said to be
the master mind behind this plot. and Herr Eek
hardt German minister at Mexico. was also named
as one of its instigators- Cabrera, it was said,
got wind of IT, warned the United States govern
ment, and thus effectually blocked its progress.
Porfrio Diaz ruled Mexico from 1872 to
1880 and from 1884 to 1911. Francia was absO-
Iute autocrat in Paraguay from 1914 to his death
in 1910 His successor, Lopez L. kept himself in
mower for % years and then turned the govern
ment over his son, Lopez II. Rosas despot
of the Argentine ruled from 1925 to 1912. Bian-
20. the Venezuelan dictator, ruled for Is years,
from 1870
Antonio Guzman Banco was a little different
from the rest of these dictators. He came into
mower in 1870 and his novel methods gave him
eighteen years OF ascendancy. Unlike Cabrera.
Rosas Franca, Diaz and the rest, Guzman Blanco
was clever enough to keep the reins Of power In
his hands without sticking close to the job. Sew
eral times he went to Paris to have a good time.
leaving presidents" In his place who admins
tered Venezuela in his absence without for
moment questioning his authority as the real boss
of the show. But Of these substitutes DR..
Rojas Paul, got tired OF being president In name
only and, in 1888, suddenly announced that ne
would no longer take orders from Guzman Blanco
then comfortably enjoying himself IN Paris. The
dictator threatened all OF terrible things as
soon he got back to his capital, but ROjas Paul
had chosen a psychological moment. Guzman
BlancO never dared to assert his authority again
and, what is more, dared return to his ma
tive land Though surrounded in Paris by every
luxury that wealth could buy, yet he died broken
hearted exile, yearning to return to Venezuela.
eagerly questioning every Venezuelan visitor for
the latest news from home
Juan Vicente Gomez of Venezuela has been
president for u years.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
"BETTER SIRES" LOCAL COLOR
Farmers Recognize Value Of Improved
Stock Even Though Living in
Remote Sections.

That the value Of improved live
stock is recognized by farmers even
though they are still far from reach
ing that goal on their farms is shown
by correspondence reaching the
United States department Of agricul-
ture from regions where the live stock
industry is undevelOped. This town
ship" one farmer writes in pencil on
scrap of paper, sis interested in a
better grade of cattle. There is a
sawmill and a carriage shop and a
blacksmith shop right by US, and I
think these would be good places for
your cOlored poster about better sires.
If you will send me some l will post
them up.
1--WE have several COWS in our barn"
he continues, land will improve our
cows with a pure-bred Holstein bull,
which will soon be ready to head the
herd"
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
DEPTH OF COIN CULTIVATION
Shallow Method Is Favored as Result
of Many Comparative Expert
ments by Specialists.

Many comparative experiments Of
deep and shallow cultivation have
been made, and on the whole the re-
suits are in favor of shallow cultfva-
ton, say specialists of the United
States department of agriculture. The
occasions when deep cultivation is pref
cradle are few. If excessive rains
have packed the soil and kept it water
soaked, deep cultivation will help to
dry and aerate it. Breaking the roots
of the plants must be avoided so far
as possible. If roots are broken the
plants will rapidly produce other roots,
but IL will be at the expense of vital
ity and the food supply. After the
plants have reached height of 2 or
8 feet, the soil even in the middle Of
the rows should not be cultivated deep
er than 4 inches, and usually shall
lower cultivation will prove better.
A loose soil mulch or 3 inches in
thickness should be maintained. 1t
retains soil moisture and facilitates
the penetration of rainfall.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
LABoRINe FOR MORE
MRM17N0YHS

Humus is the chief source of supply
of nitrogen.
The successful farmer is the bust
ness farmer.
Gardens and small fruit always
seem TO go together.
Growing vegetables for winter is a
big part of the garden that is too
often overlooked.
To bale clover hay In the field 1t
must be well cured. and stored after
baling where there is good ventila-
ton.
With fresh vegetables in summer
and others canned and stored in the
pit one is independent Of the canned
goods at the grocery store.
A few rhubarb roots ought TO be
in every farmers garden. and from
the commercial side any one near
market will find 1t a paying crop.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
EARLY BREEDING ADVOCATED
Lambs Born In Spring Get One or Two
Months of Mothers Milk Before
Fighting Worms

Early breeding. in order that lambs
may be old enough to offer strong re-
sistance to worms when they are turned
on pasture, is advocated by the Ne
braska College Of Agriculture. Ewes
bred in October and November will
lamb in March and April. This viii
give the lambs from one to two months
on their mothers milk and on grain be
fore they have to combat worms. The
principal objection to early Iambing Is
the necessity Of having a good barn.
However, the expense and trouble from
early Landing are more than offset by
the ability of the lambs to survive the
worm season Extra feeding of ewes
during the breeding season is urged.
Well-fed ewes are more likely to pro-
duce twins.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

promptly. Use combination treatments
as often as necessary, keeping in mind
the influence of weather conditions as
well as the life history of the insect
or fungus causing the disease.
Neighborhood Should Cooperate.
Use Insecticides and fungicides in
the proper dilution to accomplish the
object without injuring the plants
Standard remedies are best. Test 9TH
erS experimentally before using them
on a large scale.
Use the best sprayers. A thorough
application Is necessary for the best
results. Adjust the sprayer so that
all parts of the plant that are exposed
to the air will be covered.
Work for cooperation In the neigh,
borhOod. One badly infected or in
tested garden may be the source OF
disease infection or insect infestatiOn
for several nearby gardens. Keep
your own garden clean and it will be
an object lesson for careless neigh
bors and will have q tendency to help
clean up the neighborhOod. This will
make control easier and cheaper anOth-
er year.
For garden insects there are several
control methods that do not require
the use of insecticides. but too much
must not be expected from them. OF
these hand picking is useful for large
comparatively inactive insects such as
the potato BEETLE. cutworms and other
caterpillars. and the squash bug. An
other method is jarring or beating in
sects from low plants into large pans
of water on which a thin scum of ker-
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

NOTES q

Quarantine your hog lots when chOI-
era is In the locality.
Every pig lost at farrowing time
lessons the cf1aHce Of profit.
Alfalfa meal fed to breeding hogs
helps TO save high-priced grain.
Young boars should be separated
from their mates at or before I'VE
months old.
Don't be afraid to SIT up all night
when the pigs are coming. You VIII
be wei paid for IT.
Keep cholera away by having every
thing clean about the yards and build
ings- Use disinfectants.
In these days OF high-priced feed Il
does not look like good business to
feed brood sows all winter and then
through careIessness or neglect per
nit them TO lose most OF their pigs.
Livestock raising IN connection with
general farming conserves fertility ell
ements and makes 1t possible TO pro-
duce more food on a given area OK
land.
The best time to dehorn cattle 81
either IA the fall OF the year, affer
the flies have disappeared. or in tbs
early spring before the flies appear.
Give the eve a protein feed to SUP
Ny the necessary milk-alfaIfa, hay
md oats are good and easily pre-
iuced on the farm
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
PESTS Threaten
GARDEN SUCCESS
Specialists Advise Use of All Pre-
VentIVe Measures Possible
as Best Plan.
HAVE SOIL DEEPLY PLOWED
Rotation of Crops Has Been Found by
Many Farmers to Be Excellent
Means of Controlling Disease
and Harmful! Insects.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
From the time the seeds are planted
until the crop is harvested a series OF
insect enemies and diseases may ap-
pear that, unless they are controlled,
will destroy much of the value of the
garden. Garden and truck crop spe-
ciaIists of the United States depart
ment Of agriculture have worked out
q great many specific means for de-
strOying insects or holding them in
check. They point out the fact, how
ever, that preventive measures are
best
1t is important to have the soil deep
ly plowed or spaded and made loose
and light with plenty of well-rOtted
manure or compost and to keep the
ground cultivated so that the surface
will not become hard or weedy. Use
the best seed to be had and sow it
literally to get a good stand. but thin
out the plants, as Overcrowded plants
are in much greater danger of becom-
ing diseased than those that receive
plenty Of air and sunshine.
Rotate Crops II Possible
Farmers have found that by rotat-
ing their crops they reduce the injury
from plant diseases and insects and
also increase the fertility of the soil
This principle applies to the home
garden, where. if possible, it will be
better to make a new plan each year,
placing each vegetable where some
other grew the year before-peas on
the old tomato ground, beets and car
rOts after the corn, etc. The details
of this rotation must vary in each case
according to the climate soil, and
vegetables grown and the diseases and
insects to be guarded against.
Avoid introducing insects and dis
eases on plants obtained for setting
out. Practice clean cultivation EN-
plOy fertilizers to stimulate plant
growth. Work on the principle that
vigorous growing garden will pro-
duce a crop in spite of injurious in
sects and diseases.
Become familiar with the insects
and diseases known to occur in your
district on the crops you are growing
Equip yourself in advance with all
necessary remedies and the means OF
applying them. Remember that the
timely application of a remedy acts
as an insurance against loss. 4,
Watch constantly for the first ap-
pearance of a disease or insect. In
spect the garden at least every other
day. Determine what is causing in
jury and apply the proper treatment
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

osene Is floating. The water prevents
the insects from escaping, and the
kerosene, being on the surface, kills
the insects with which it comes in
contact. Collecting nests are valuable
for some pests; for example, the tar
nished plant bug. Brushing by differ
ent means is used TO a considerable
extent and consists in beating or brush
ing insects from the plants with pine
boughS or similar brush This method
has proved of great value in combating
the pea apilis. Covering with cloth is
of use as preventive for the striped
cucumber beetle when the cucumbers
are quite small, and for root-maggots.
Trapping by different methods with
old boards is useful for squash bugs
and cutworms. Poisoned bats may
be placed under such traps. Flowing,
disking, and narrowing all can be done
by hand and are of considerable sery-
ice.
Spraying Methods.
To be successful in the control OF
insects and diseases, spraying must be
done promptly and thoroughly. Spray
ing with bordeaux mixture should be
done before rains rather than after,
provided the spray has time to dry
on the leaves. Intervals between spray
ing should depend on. the weather.
If it is rainy or muggy. with fOgs or
heavy dews, spray frequently to keep
the foliage protected at all times. If
dry. longer time may be allowed.
The ideal spray is a fine mist, and
the best work is done when the plant
is throughly and evenly covered with
fine drops. Stop spraying before the
foliage is drenched.
The higher the pressure, the better
the spray.
Clean all sprayers each time after
using.
For delicate foliage, spray after this
gets under shade Hot sunlight is dan
gerOus with many sprays, such as kerO-
sene emulsion.
Get a cOpy-free by writing TO the
United States department of agricul-
ture-Of Farmers Bulletin S56, Con
troll Of Diseases and Insect Enemies OF
the Home Vegetable Garden" 1t dis
cuSseS the whole subject in detail-the
various garden insects and diseases,
poisOns and how to prepare and use
them, spraying machinery, and the
like.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
TEETH OF CATTLE ARE LOOSE
Nature Intended Them to Be So &C
Prevent Injury to JaHbone IN
Cutting of Grass.

The Incisor teeth OF cattle project
forward and their upper surfaces
come into contact with the dental
pad" of the upper jaw. Grass Is
cut OF by the COW grasping II and
jerking the head upward. thereby cut
ting it with the sharp edges Of the In
cisors. If the incisors were firmly
fixed in the jawbone injury to the den
tai pad would frequently occur. Doa't
worry when you discover that the
cows frSnt teeth are loose. Nature
intended them to be so.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

taken in the Tontine coffee house, and
the early organization became the New
York Stock and Exchange board. In
1927 the market was moved into the
Merchants Exchange building. remain
ing there for eight years, and until
1873, when the New York stock ex-
change with which It merged, acquired
the site OF its present home in Broad
street, other quarters housed it from
time TO time.
A new market then sprang up,
whose transactions were for many
years conducted according to set
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
NATIONS FIRST CURB MARKET

tOnwood tree and the first transac-
lions in government securities were
conducted informally.
In 1892 the leading brokers banded
themselves together into an organiza-
ton and trading was limited to those
recognized by the association The
first market was simply called the
stock Market" and trading continued
in the friendly shade of the old tree
for . years. u 1917 quarters were
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

Fair.
stations of merit are not available and
In those sections where light horses
are preferred.
The number Of available stations Is
limited to about 10, as only the best
Of those produced have been retained
or VIII be allowed TO go out for pub
lie service. These stations range In
height from 10 hands I inch TO 10
hands 2 inches, weigh from 100 In
LOO pounds. and in nearly all cases
are tried sires and known producers.
The object of the work at the sta
ton in which these horses are being
produced is the preservation and de-
velOpment OF a utility horse suitable
for range and farm conditions The
points especially emphasized are the
development OF size. sOundness. tract
ability, action, and stamina, in a use
full animal which can be used under
the saddle. on the road. or in the
field.
Persons interested should address
correspondence to the Wyoming Horse
Breeding station. Buffalo. Wyo.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

STOCK
USEFUL ANIMALS FOR FARMS
Department Of Agriculture Assisting in
Improvement of Horses in
Range Country.

The United States department Of
agriculture has bred and developed
several stations in its hOrSe-breeding
project now located at the q. S.
Wyoming Horse Breeding Station. Buff
falO. WyO. The stations viii be leased
to private breeders and community
breeding clubs for the breeding seq
sons In this way 1t Is proposed to
assist in the improvement OF the light
horse stock OF the range country where
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

Of simple rules draws up by z. s.
Mendels, an early broker in this mar
ket. and later known as fthe father
OF the New York Curb Market" In
1908 Mr.. Mendels, with the consent Of
the brokers doing business on the
curb, formed a Curb Agency" and
established a listing department. and
out OF this grew the New York Curb
Market association, which was organ
lied in 1911.@Detroit lIews.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
Merely Informal Gathering Under But
toaWood Tree, and First Transac-
tions Were Government Securities

New FORKS famous curb market
has g romantic history. New York
has had its street market since trad
ing started in the first bonds, then
called stocks, authorized by the first
American congress in 1T89. The trad
ers then gathered under q large but
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
Keep on PRODUCING

coal mine will not grow any more
S-,ai. hut we'll managed woodland
will produce timber indefinitely.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
Look over Com Planter.

Look the corn-pIanter over carefully
to see that it is working before you
drive out into the field.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10
Ashes as Fertilizer.

Wood ashes is a good fertilizer to
apply to fruit plants in small guam
titles.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

When every airplane comes to thu
ground like a feather Wen all "a aIof1
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

ANUEL ESTRADA CABRERA, last of
the Latin-American dictators, has faI-
len. Guatemala has a new 'presi-
dent''-CarlOs Herrera, who led the
revolution" which ended with Ca
brera'S downfall.
Full details cannot be given Not
much news comes out of Guatemala
and a good deal of what does come is
subject to doubt. But at this writing
it is known-Or at least stated-that
Cabrera capitulated in April to the
revolutionary forces of Herrera, in
vesting his stronghold Of La Palma,
southwest of Guatemala City, the cap
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-06-10

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agricultural
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
MINNEAPOLIS DELEGATION
LEAVING FOR NEW YORK
TO ATTEND EXTRA
ORDINARY ZION
IST CONVEN-
TON. "a

The Zionist Organization of Amer
lea sent out call for an Extraordi-
nary Convention to be held in New
York on May 9th and 10th. The OBJ
ject of the convention is to instruct
the delegates to the Jahreskonferenz
which will be held in Karlsbad,
Czeckoslovakia, on July 4th. In view
of the fact that the Palestine ques-
tion is now settled, and that it is to
become the home of the Jewish peo-
pie as soon as means are provided to
make it decent place to live in, this
conference is expected to be of un-
usual interest. Delegates are focking
from all parts of the United States
and Canada. The Minneapolis dele
cation consists of Mr.. and Mrs. Ben
jamin M. Weisberg, DR.. and Mrs.
George J. Gordon, A. N. Bearman,
Sigmund Harris and B. H. Arnold.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
DANCING REVUE TO. BE GIVEN
~ RY CHILDREN

A hundred children are busy on the
last rehearsals for the benefit per-
Torrance of "The Fairyland of
Dreams" under the direction of
Claire Coutant. This will take place
at the Woman's Club House, Fifteenth
Street and Harmon Place, Saturday,
May 18th, 500 P. M. Tickets are
all are anxious for the success of the
play The more tickets sold means
that much more pleasure for the sick
children, at the, camp out at Glenwood
Park. Seven, boy scouts will usher,
headed by Irving Glassberg.a :.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
SAFER TORAH PRESENTATION.

At the Gemilus Chesed synagogue
on 815 Girard Avenue North there
will be interesting ceremonies mark
ing Misrepresentation ORA beautiful
Safer Torah, which is being pre-
sented to the synagogue by Mr.. and
Mrs. M. Kaplan. The procession will
form at their home on 901 Fremont
Avenue North, and will proceed to the
synagogue. where appropriate cere-
monies will take place. Rabbi S. M.
SLIDER will deliver an address. The
Gemilus Chesed, which has during the
last few years been steadily growing,
is now raising fund with which it
will in due time erect suitable new
house of worship. va-4.-.----
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
INSTRUCTOR OF BOXING AT
UNIVERSITY.

One of our enterprising young men,
who was responsible for the cham
pionships in boxing at the boxing
sity of Minnesota, is Mr.. Harry
Goldie. Mr.. Goldie is instructor of
boxing at the University. He is very
well-known in sport circles in the
Twin Cities.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
THE AMERICAN JEWISH WORLD

home of Mrs. M. Minter, 1907 Hum
boldt Avenue North. A neat sum of
$54 was raised. Over one hundred
women were present.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1920-05-07
"U" SOCIETY TO GIVE BANQUET.

Scroll and Key society Of the Uni
versity of Minnesota will hold an
open banquet on Thursday evening,
May Is, at Shevlin Hall at the Uni
versity. Mrs. Arthur Brin will be
the speaker at the banquet. All
women interested are invited. Reser-
vations may be made by communicate
ing with Box 4918, University Of Min
nesota.