The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-09-09

ground set aside for the peoples use forever The
idea took. Congress established the Yellowstone
National park. March 1. 1872.
The establishment of the Yellowstone a
tiOnal park after 65 years of discoveries was
the first time such a thing had been done in all
history. 1t the first national park in all the
world. The United States set the example which
practically all the civilized world has followed.
Uncle Sans 1920 Yellowstone Bulletin is
fascinating booklet of 1O3 pages Of text. maps
and Illustrations 1t contains everything that the
tourist needs to know, from how to get there to a
time table of the geysers and from the dlfferent
kinds of trout to the automobile regulations The
following items taken from the Introductory
pages:
The Yellowstone National park was created by
the act of March L, 1872 It is approximately 81
miles long and "a miles wide giving area of
334S square miles, or 2, 142, 720 acres It is under
the control and supervision OF the national park
service of the interior department
The Yellowstone is probably the best known of
national parks. Its geysers celebrated the
world over because, for sze power, and variety
of action, well number, the region has
competitor.
The Yellowstone National park is located In
northwestern Wyoming, encroaching slightly upon
Montana and Idaho 1t is largest national
park. The central portion is essentially broad,
elevated volcanic plateau, between 1000 and $500
feet above level and with an average elevation
of about 5000 feet. Surrounding IT the south,
east, north. and northwest mountain ranges
with eliminating peaks and ridges rising from
incloSed tableland.
The entire region is volcanic. Not only the sur
rounding mountains but the great interior plain
is made Of material once elected, ash and lava,
from depths far below the surface. Geological
speculation points to a crater which doubtless once
opened just west OF Mount Washburn.
There are five active geyser basins, the Norris.
the Lower, the Upper, the Heart lake and Sho-
shone basins. all lying in the west and south
trail parts of the park The geysers exhibit a large
variety OF character and action Some, like Old
Faithful spout at quite regular intervals, longer
or. shorter. Others are Irregular. Some burst up
ward with immense power. Others shoot streams
at angles or bubble and foam in action.
Geysers are. roughly speaking. water volca-
noes. They occur only at places where the inter-
nal heat Of the earth approaches close to the
face. Their action, for many years unex-
planned, and regarded with wonder by
so many. is simple. Water from the surface trick
ling through cracks in the rocks, water from
subterranean springs collecting in the bottom Of
the geyser's crater, down among the strata Of in
tense heat becomes itself intensely heated and
gives of steam, which expands and forces upward
the cooler water that lies above It.
At last the water In the bottom reaches so
great an expansion under continued heat that the
less heated water above longer weigh it
down, so 1t bursts upward with great violence.
until practically all the water In the crater has
been expelled
Nearly the entire Yellowstone region Is remark
able for its hot water phenomena. The more
prominent geysers are confined to three basins
lying each other IN the middle west side or
the park, but other hot water manifestations &C
at more widely separated points Marvellous
" colored hot springs mud volcanoes and other
strange phenomena are frequent At Mammoth