Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1920-08-12

determined that the exhaust S.
heated hot spot presents the most
simple and effective means of solv-
ing, or at least aiding in the solution
of the fuel combustion problem. The
committee which drafted the re,
commendat len admitted that the hot
spot manifold is not perfect, and
that it ha7 shortcomings, that it is
lacking in certain respects which
places certain limitations upon its
operating range. Nevertheless, the
hot SPOT type manifold has been Of
fered, but the exact construction of
the recommended hot spot of course
could not be detailed because the
most suitable construction is prob,
ably not yet known
One thing that has been positively
demonstrated in connection with the
hot spot manifold is that the proper
place to apply the heat is not so
much to the top or to the outside of
the bend and nerves, but to the in>
side. This may seem very strange fol-
at first thought it might appear that
the heavier portions of the fuel be,
Gauge, of their greater inertia
should follow the outside of the
bend and the lighter portions the
inside. If we reflect for a moment
how coarse gravel behaves when
carried in q concrete mixer, it will
| be remembered that the heavier
and larger stones are carried to the
inside of'the bend, where the motion
| is comparatively much slower. The
| lighter particles are carried to the
outside of the bend where the mo-
ton is rapid. This in u. crude way
represents the action inside the in
take manifold.
Manifolds of Glass Show Action
Professor James of the Bureau of
Standards demonstrated during the
convention that this was an actual
lily. He constructed intake manifolds
of Pyrex glass and photographed the
manifolds with moving picture ma
chine during operation. From these
pictures it could be seen that the
heavier portions of the fuel accumu-
lated on the inside of the bend and
in cases where the vertical riser OF
the manifold connected with the
horizontal section, small puddles of
fuel formed. From this it can easily
be appreciated that the proper place
to apply any heat is at the inside or
the bend Confirmation of this haA
been demonstrated by actual con-
struction.
Since, as explained above, the
heavy portions are conveyed to the
cylinder on the inside surface of the
intake manifold, it is not incorrect
to assume that practically all of the
fuel is carried close enough to the
inside surface OF the manifold so
that the lighter portions together
with the heavier portions will consti~
tute a stratified film of varying de-
grees of fuel composition. This is in
effect what takes place within the
manifold, according to the Inrorma-
ton CLEANED by the committee in
their research work With this |
theory of surface conveyance con-
firmed, a new light has been brought |
to bear uDon manifold design.
1t is now agreed that proper In,
take manifold construction is one OF
surface distribution and not volu-
metric proportionment, and some en-
gineers have gone on record stating
that if the manifold did no more
than distribute the fuel to the cy'
Under according to the surface
theory, enough would have been ac-
o. H. Ensign of the
Engine Carbureter Company holds
to this theory, and for confirmation
points to the construction he has
for the last few years
which enables him to start cold
with kerosene.
1t goes without saying that high
gas velocities must be used in com,
with low grade fuel Fol-
most satisfactory operation it has
been found that intake manifold We
Iocities up to $50 feet as a maximum
and 120 feet per minute as mini>
mum are best.
Mr.. Scarett, president of the
s. A. E. section, DIES,
ribbed type of hot spot manifold
which he designed and which has
,een very successful in operation, !
This manifold is shown in gil-- !
The exhaust gases are brought to a
Z connection with the intake mani
old by passing the exhaust outlet
through the central passage between
FLINDERS Nos. and 3. The intake .
barge impinges directly against the A