The Ocala evening star. [volume] (Ocala, Fla.) 1895-1943, 1920-04-07
FREIGHT LEAST
H. C. |. EXPENSE
Director General Hines Says Rail-
road Transportation Costs
Are Lowest in History.
NOT CAUSE OF HIGH PRICES.
Freight Advances Compared With Rise
In Value Of Goods-TransportatI
Cheapest Thing Public Ruya.
Charges on Some Articles.

Data compiled from authoritative
sources shows that railroad freight
rates are the least factor in the cost
of living. Although the proportion Of
the total cost OF goods that can be
charged to transportation Is not known
with statistical accuracy, It is estimat-
ed that the average transportation cost
of things produced In this countr9 is
very small percentage Of their total
cost to the consumer.
Freight Cost "a Per Cent Of Total.
In letter to Representative John J.
Esch, chairman of the House Commit
tee on Interstate and Foreign Com
merce, Julius Kruttschnitt, chairman
Of the Southern Pacific Company,
points out that I'm the last Ave years
the value Of goods increased on an av-
erage Of $63 a ton, while freight
charges advanced only 60 cents a ton. :.
In five years, he explains, the aver
age value Of freight carried by the
railroads increased from $56 to $119 a
ton. The cost Of carrying this increas-
ed from 81 to $3.50, paid to the rail-
roads In 1914, he adds, 3.6 per cent
of the total cost Of the goods was
spent for transportation I'm 1919 only
81 per cent was spent
I'm other words" Mr. Kruttschnitt
writes, "Only 80 cents out Of $63, or 1IS
cents out Of every dollar Of increase In
value Of commodities In 1919 was caus-
I'd by increased freight charges. The
responsibility for the remaining $62.2O,
or 9S.7 cents out of every dollar, must
be sought elsewhere. 1t was not caus-
ed by freight rates"
Rates Lowest I'm History.
Comparison with transportation
charges In other countries shows that
in no other country Of the world is
transportation furnished at SO low a
cost as In the United States Compar-
| ed, too, with the cost Of other goods
and services today, railroad transporta-
ton ts the cheapest thing the public
buys. It is sold for less than the cost
OF production, considering all the ele-
ments Of cost
In a statement on this subject to the
New England Bankers Association
Walker D. Hines, Director General of
Railroads, said:
IT think It fs a fair statement
that at the present time, despite
the increases which have taken
place in freight rates, ton of
steel or a ton Of coal, a bushel of
| wheat or the unit, OF any other
commodity has to pay for trans
portation a less percentage of the
price of that commodity than ever
before in the history Of the coun-
try"
Charges on Some Articles.
Before the war suit Of clothing
from one Of the Chicago factories, sell
ing for $50 in a retail shop, was car
ried from Chicago to Los Angeles for
1914 cents The suit Of clothes now
retails at $50 or $50, bat the freight
rate on that 2,265 mile haul has in
creased only 81 cents, while the price
of the goods has gone up $50 or $50.
The % cents does not cover all the
transportation cost in q suit Of clothes
the transportation charge for carrying
the wool from the ranges and the
cloth to the clothing manufacturer ane
other minor carrying costs enter into
the consideration, bat the final trans
portation charge is the principal one
and the other charges add only a few
cents more.
New England shoes are shipped
from Boston to Florida at a cost Of les.
than 2-3 cents a pair. This is an in
crease of only one cent over the pre-
war rate The railroads also carr,
beef from Chicago to New York for &
charge Of about two-thirds Of a cen
pound. Typewriters are carried from
New York to St Louis for Sc cents A
$3.50 photograph is carried by freigh
from New York to Atlanta for 81 So
A grand piano In carried clear across
the continent for $50 and In CARLOAD
lots for S2S
These are typical freight rates, ant
they make it plain that American rail
roads give the lowest cost service II
the world
Even with q very considerable I'm
crease In rates to make the roads self
supporting, transportation will still b,
! the cheapest thing the public buys
THE Children are sometime: