davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
World Peace Impossible
With Great HordeS at War

But to return to Geneva for a moment.
1t is transparent that peace in the world is
impossible while the largest compact block
of human beings in Europe not only lies
outside the area of the federation seeking
to establish peace but is engaged in carry
ing on a war (Which is as much war of
ideas as a war of weapons) against all the
principles and conceptions of that fedora
ton 1t was, moreover the Russian situa-
ton which really accounted for much of the
failure at Paris.
At the Congress of Vienna the elements
in the European situation were all in hand
The committee for the liquidation of the
European situation which assembled at the
Hapsburg capital were collectively possessed
of all the assets of Europe-they had the
armies to control they had the will to con-
troll When Napoleon came back from Elba
and challenged their settlement they vndi-
Gated their title TO Europe at Waterloo. But
the Bolshevists in the Paris period again and
again demonstrated that the writ of the Big
Four did not run beyond the Niemen and the
Beresina.
What always paralyzed the statesmen at
Versailles was the inability to arrive at
policy with respect to Russia. And if this
was a patent handicap in the winter and
spring of 1919. 1t has been even more of an
obstacle since the Paris Conference dissolved
after they had given up the Russian prob
lem and washed their hands of 1t, by turning
it over to the Cabinets of the cooperating
governments. In their turn these statesmen
have quarreed among themselves as to the
right thing to do ever since, and while quar-
relling have done first one thing and then
another
Either the League. OF Nations is a sham
or il is the supreme fact in the world situa-
ton. But while the league is wrestling with
ooendo RoIshpvism is sweeping Wrangel into
the Putrid Sea and making good its challenge
10 all that the League of Nations represents.
The settlement of the constitution of Danzig,
the regulation of the public order Of Saar-
brucken. the final ALLEGATION of the Aland
Islands are interesting details in contem-
porary history, but the Russian revolution
is the dominating fact; IL cannot be ignored.
The Paris Conference ignored it, and the
results are plain in one great war-the Rus
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Defeat of WrangeI One More
Failure to Win by Means of War

Yet it seems to me that the defeat of
Wrangel may easily prove landmark in
history. 1t represents more failure to
conquer a self-proclaimed enemy. 1t prob
ably foreshadows a total change of policy.
an abandonment after defeat of policy
which was war. We almost certainly
on the point Of giving up the struggle.
There is nothing left but to fight directly,
openly. to wage war ourselves give it up
our agents have disappeared or stand help
less. But will the enemy give it up? Ger
tanly it takes two sides to make a quarrel.
but how can one side make peace? Fur
thermore it will be at least a measure of
justified caution to examine closely the ex
ports from Russia to the west. when trade
relations are resumed, for il is not imposs-
BILE that these exports will contain more of
explosives than of foodstuffs more of propa-
ganda than OF raw materials.
Copyright, 1920, by the Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicate.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Ropes Instead of Belts

TOR twenty years there has been IN
r increasing use in this country Of
manila rope for power transmission
in mills and factories in the place Of leather
betting In English factories ropes super
seeded betting long go and their use is near
~ universal.
In the United States the change that has
taken place began with the acquisition OF
the Philippine Islands. where. as everybody
knows. the manila hemp nourishes.
The fibre OF this hemp varies in length
from six TO twelve feet and occasionally at
tains a length Of eighteen feet 1t il said
to possess greater tensile strength than any
other fibre known, exceeding $4,000 pounds
per square inch.
Rope drives as transmission ropes arc
called possess the advantage Of noiscless-
ness. owing to their hexihility and TO the
existence Of an air passage in tho grooves
between the rope and the sheath.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
What the Mace Signifies in Congress

House the Speaker directs the sergeant-at-
arms to quell Il. This official then takes
the mace from it's pedestal and advances
with it before him toward the offending
legislators. AS symbol of dignity and
power 1t has never failed to bring quarrelling
members to their senses. reminding them OF
the responsibilities OF lawmakers.
The mace was originally weapon of war,
a club or malet carried by soldiers in battle
Priests or bishops who engaged in military
service carried maces instead of battle axes
or swords Later came the symbolic and
ceremonial use Of the mace.
To-day in the British House Of Commons
the mace. a great, richly carved staff sur
mounted by a crown, lies before the Speaker
on a table during sessions. 1t is never raised
to an upright position as in our Congress.
Our American mace is a bundle of ebony
rods bound with silver bands and sur
mounted with large silver globe on which
rests an eagle with wings outstretched.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Contrasts Afford Fascinating Study, Gloom or
Joy Depending Chiefly Upon What's
in the Observers Heart

doubted, but they do to the casual. The
former, If a woman. is generally mother,
too and she wheels her infant up and down
without any emotion, or parks" the baby's
carriage with others i'm a long queue near
the swings The children that use the
swings, apportioned impartially to the sexes.
exhibit kind OF imitation childhood be-
reft. so il would seem. of the ordinary token
of intense enjoyment the scream except
when there are alterations. These are fire.
auent enough to dispel disquieting calm.
for the East Side little girl is selfish as
her fashionable sister uptown, and she hates
to give up a swing when once she has laid
her hands on it. The climax of excitement
is afforded by the little girls who can't get
into the swings already preempted and who
therefore jump up and down and scream.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
BoIshevist Activity in United States
Might Surprise Many Persons

But it is less clear that merely opening
trade relations with Russia will terminate
the war between Bolshevism and the west.
I fancy that If the proper authorities and
agencies were Intercepted publicly at the
present moment they would supply testi-
mony as to Bolshevist activity right here in
the United States, to activity directly and
deliberately promoted from Russia. which
would at least awaken a measure of in
terest within our own frontiers.
1t has always been easy to make peace
with Russia so far the rest of the world
was concerned the west had only to recog
nze the Russian revolution, and that would
be done. But it has never yet been possible
to arrive at settlement by which the Rus
slams would quit their war upon the west.
Great Britain official announcement
already indicates. will lead the way to the
renewal of commercial intercourse with the
Bolshevist Republic. Italy is already agreed
to such a policy. France can do nothing
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Wgs Defeat Only
Venreoss Fall
East
Seemas Far in Situation MAY

and the United States will do nothing. It
is conceivable that such bargain will tenn
porarily interrupt Russian military opera
tons against Poland, for Russia, despite her
recent victory is in no situation to carry
on campaigns Immediately. But will such
a course put end to Russian propaganda,
to the deliberate attempt to provoke and
promote rebellion. revolution within west
ern nations, carried on by duly authorized
agents?
The difficulty as between the League of
Nations tand the Paris conference before
it) and the Boshevist State has lain in the
total irreconcilability of the ends. pursued
by the two. The League of Nations seeks
peace. the restoration of order. prosperity,
economic life as it existed before 1914. 1t
has been concerned and is concerned with
adjusting boundaries between nations. 1t is
an attempt to preserve nationalsm interna-
tionally.
But the Bolshevist credo is something
radically different. Lenine and Trotzky are
seeking to promote war not to preserve
peace, to create a new world new system,
a new order to destroy what exists com
pletely.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Old Morse Elm Goes

A MOTHER landmark in Washington is
~ near destruction. The old Morse
Elm" under whose shade Samuel f.
II. Morse used to spend his leisure hours
while working on his invention of the tele-
graph, will soon be removed.
The tree was planted in 1920. In the early
fcrties the future inventor Of the telegraph
used to foregather with his crones and news
paper men and crack jokes about the i'm
possible" and crazy invention of the mag
netic telegraph on which he was working.
The tree was in front of the Old Willard
Hotel
Since those days the old hotel has been
replaced by a modern eleven story hosiery.
Morse. whose invention came true IN 1914,
died in 1872. But the tree has remained.
But it is now in its death hour In spite OF
many operations of tree surgery" and all
known applications of tree medicine" prac-
tiscd by Washingtons superintendent of city
parks.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28

A MOST encouraging sign that the world
~ is drying its feet after picking them
out of the slough of war is that the
newspapers are beginning to take less in
terest in what the Swedes intend and what
the French" (Shakespeare) and to discuss in
after dinner complacency what parts OF
the great capitals are cheerful and what
depressing. This theme affords some post
prandial talk in London with reference to
itself and it has spread to New York.
Instantly factions arise to choose various
localities of the long drawn out city and
present them in answer to both questions.
That group. with memories extending back
to the murder of odd Shakespeare" and
which visited Oak street police station to
satisfy a morbid curiosity, will likely say
that the Cherry Hill district can create more
depression i'm a short space Of time than any
other, but this merely proves that the city
has gone past them. Cherry Hill is now
quite cheerful If not elegant spot.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Crisis in Greece Related
to Defeat of Baron Wrangel

And with the fall of Venizelos British
policy in the Near East falls temporarily at
the least This fall has, too a very close
relation to the Wrange defeat. All the
situation in Asia Minor indeed the whole
situation from the Black Sea to the Indian
Ocean, is fluid. To-day Bolshevism has the
opportunity, allying itself with Turkish ma
tionalism to advance along all the historic
routes of invasion, whether westward along
the south shore of the Black Sea toward
Constantinople or southwark to the head
waters of the Tigris and the Euphrates.
Westward Turkish nationalsm in arms will
welcome it. southwark the Arabs are out
against both the British and the French.
All the laborious bargains adjustments,
compromises affecting the Eastern question
during and since the world war become just
so much waste paper now, unless the ma
tons concerned, and the British nation pri-
marily, are prepared to fight for the main
tenance of the bargains. But to fight now
will be to fight with British, not with Greek
troops
Greece has patiently thrown aside the
grandiose. but expensive, mission in con-
formity with which her armies were ad-
vancing from Smyrna, supported as far as
cannon could carry by the British Mediter-
ranean fleet. Henceforth we may look for
retreat rather than advance of Greek armies
and an advance by Turkish armies, for
whom the road to tangency with Bolshevism
is already open, for Armenia, even before
President Wilson has been able to fix ap-
propriate frontiers. has collapsed as a buffer
state and made terms with Turk and
Trotzky alike.
Conceivably (the possibility has always
been Enthusiastically we are now at the point
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
West Has Had Three Ideas
About Handling Bolsheviki.

The west has had three ideas of the proper
policy to be pursued with respect of Russia.
In January, 1919, it wanted to turn the
victorious allied armies against the weak
and well nigh helpless Bolshevist forces and
smash them. But the allied armies would
not march; they were done with war
French, British even American soldiers
pretty promptly convinced their commanders
that there would be no new campaign. And
behind Sthe soldier the civilian made his
voice heard with equally unmistakabe ac-
cents. War on Russia threatened revolution
at home: Paris appreciated the fact and the
policy disappeared
But the idea survived. If the allied armies
would not fight the border tribes and the
dissatisfied minorities majorties within
Russia could supply the human ammunition
and the allied arsenals would supply the
cannon and the shells Europe simply
laden with useless and unemployed war ma
chnery. In addition the allied fleets would
provide protection at the coasts and the
allied armies would supply officers. There
was the blockade to be used also.
So. after all, we made war upon Russia
and have continued to make war. But we
have lost the war. At the outset it was i'm
possible to compose the divergent ideas of
the Russians who were eager to save Rus
STA intact and the border tribes whose con-
Germ was with the border lands, they wished
to take from Russia as their reward for
campaigns in which theirs was the casualty
list. Failing to coordinate our attack we
allowed the Bolshevists to crush their do
nestle foes, while the border tribes were
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28

where Bolshevism the Russian revolution,
will be able to mlitarize itself If it does it
confronts Europe divided and incapable
of sustained military resistance as did
France when at last Napoleon arrived
Possibly Russian revolution is ready for
brief truce, like that of Amiens in 1904,
momentarily interrupting a struggle which
was promptly resumed and continued for
ten long years.
II Russia decides to attack Poland in the
spring will Europe defend Poland? Obviously
not. On the contrary, Europe will, in the
MAN. follow the British example of last sum-
mer and escape from the duty, asserting that
Poland is responsible for the war. France
will do her best, this is certain but France
can do little. and French assistance will be
hampered at all points not alone by the
Germans but by her recent allies. by Italy
and by Britain. BY contrast in Asia Minor
a successful rising of the Turks. an Osmanli
effort to undo the work of British statesman
ship in the Near East and restore the Turk,
will have French sympathy. and for that
matter italian.
If the Russians desire a preteXt for a
resumption of war upon Poland, the Lithu
anan dispute furnishes it ready to hand.
If the Russians desire justification for
refusal now to stand by the frontiers fixed
at Riga and insist upon a return to the
Curzon line. British and American official
utterances supply the necessary moral am
munition OF course the Bolshevists care
nothing for ethnic lines, CurZon or other
wise They are not making war for frontiers.
A frontier with Trotzky and Lenine is not
a division between Russia and a neighbor,
it is merely the point at which the new
attack upon Western civilization will begin.
1t is patent that the defeat of Wrangel is
a victory for the British advocacy of COM
mercial intercourse with Russia, just as the
victory of Weygand was a triumph for the
French policy of non-intercourse. But what
is not clear is that either policy corresponds
with the Russian facts. 1t is fair to say that
the defeat of Wrangel winds up the policy
of restoring old Russia by making use of
the disconnected elements within the Russian
state. There is no one left who can seriously
suggest that an outside Endorsement of
domestic Russian rebellion can have any
more satisfactory outcome than those which
in the past have all ended in dismal failure
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28

west which was ready for bargain. More
than this: the west is and it remains con-
WINGED that it is a bargain that Russia de-
sres The root of the British policy lies
right there. IF we can only get these peo-
pie to buying and selling again, get them to
work. all will be we'll" This is the British
contention
But so far the Russian, the ruling, mi
nority has shown itself singularly deaf to
reasonable propositions. 1t has shown an
utter contempt for strategic frontiers and
economic privileges. 1t has coded Russian
territories, enormous territories to Germany
at Brest Litovsk, to Poland at Riga, to Fin
land. Esthonia. Latvia, Lithuania. It's sole
concern has been to. preserve its control
upon that huge bulk of Russia, which no
one can annex, occupy control and use
this the basis for launching campaign
after compaign against the west.
We have always known something of the
extent of the economic failure of Boil
shevism. We are receiving now something
approaching expert testimony on the subject
which shows that the collapse has surpassed
even our imagination. But this collapse has
not shaken Bolshevist control. The masses
senting old Russia and representing us of
the west. In the end the Russians have
either risen against the deliverers or re-
manned quiescent. After the Polish victories
a few months ago western newspapers were
filled with reports of the riots in Moscow, OF
the revolts of various regions against
Trotzky and Lenine, but seeking confirma-
ton in subsequent events we arrive at the
recent grim tragedy about the walls OF
Sebastopol, which has known other tragedies
in another century.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28

so-Pohsh-and in many minor conflicts since
that immortal body adjourned without date.
1t is essential, moreover, to recognize the
wider significance of the fall of Wrangel.
Great Britain in the Near East and France
in the North adopted parallel policies.
Neither could acquire with their own fighting
resources that position which each desired.
Ii was necessary to deputize smaller nations.
France desired to hold Russia apart from
Germany and to provide a check upon Ger
many on the east if Germany chose to fol-
low old pathways Accordingly, France
deputized Poland to act for her. The result
was the protraction of the Russo Polish sit
uatfon, the of last spring and summer.
Poland won with French help, but it was
near thing and to fortify the victory Poland
compelled to agree to the armistice of
Riga, profitable momentarily to Poland, but
carrying with ii the doom of Wrangel
Britain, on her part, was concerned with
the eastern Mediterranean and western Asia.
She desired to prevent a return of Russia to
friendly order in the whole Near East. She.
therefore, selected Greece her soldier.
Greece as a consequence acquired much in
Europe and Smyrna in Asia Minor. Her sue
cession to the title of Constantinople with
British approval was only waiting on a
propitious moment. But to play the role of
great power in the Aegean and in Asia
Minor, Greece compelled to maintain a
large army, to wage a war with Turkish
nationalism. Venizelos made Greece great,
but in the end Greece has found greatness
too expensive.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Heart of the Observer Determines
Much of What's Gloomy or Gay

The neighborhood of the famous Jerry
McAuey Mission would doubtless be chosen
by other persons whose interest in it in its
best days led them to Water street, but this
section has nothing distinctive to give It
such unpleasant preeminence In fact. there
are blocks in Hester and Rivington streets
that are the foci Of more disagreeable feat
ures Of living.
What is depressing and what cheerful
about a neighborhood is really in the heart
OF the observer. Jerrybuilt parts Of the
comparatively new Bronx would drive some
fastidious persons to overextravagance in
sparkling cider, and the harassed individual
who has to be dunned monthly for the rent
OF his Riverside Drive apartment finds moth
ing cheerful In that expensive and exclusive
neighborhood.
The Gas House district, comprised be-
tween Twentieth and Twenty second streets
and Avenues A and y, has been identified
by some persons the most depressing
quarter in New York IL is in fact apt to
lower the spirits of visitors to the police
station there that the grist Of "undcsirables'
brought in OF nights generally includes the
worst wrecks of women imaginable 10 the
intellect fed on Dante's Hell. But the in
habtant OF the district Is generally able to
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
Passing to Spots That Claim
More of That Which Is Pleasant

But let the various sections of Manhat-
tan quarrel among themselves for this bad
preeminence There are quarters with
right to claim IL scattered throughout the
island IL isn't the East Side uptown or
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-28
League of Nations Certain
to Ignore Bolshevism

And, quite logically the Bolshevists not
only recognize that they are at war with the
League of Nations and all it represents, but
proclaim the fact. Now the League of Ma
tons at Geneva. like the conquerors of Ger
many at Paris, ignores the challenge. The
statesmen of the league go on seeking to
frame rules and regulations for preserving
existing society, when that society and
all it represents are not only challenged but
actually undergoing attack.
o No single circumstance of the Paris Con-
ference, for all who were present was more
impressive than the fashion in which repre-
sentatives of the nations argued and debated
over questions of precedence in national in
terests, over the most minute details. terri
toral. economic and military, while all with
one accord ignored the great brutal insistent
fact of Russian Bolshevism.
One circumstance remains in my mind now
as the most striking memories of Paris. We
were all submerged in disputes over every
thing from the Sarre to DanZig, when the
news arrived that Bella Kun had come ITO
Budapest. that Bolshevism was in control in
the capital of Hungary, while all Germany
was shaken by sympathetic disturbances.
The result was an hour of panic, frantic
meetings, conferences. and then-nothing,
return to the old policy of ignoring Russia.
In the face of the fact the Paris Conference
could not make up it's mind to do anything.
Invited to Prnkipo to confer. Bolshevism
had come to Budapest 10 conquer but Paris
had no remedy-nor has Geneva.
If the difference between Russia and her
western neghbors a difference over
material things provinces, strategic from
tiers or economic spheres of influence,
bargain could be arranged. Paris was al
ways ready to recognize extreme Russian
rights, to deny the Rumanians Bessarabia.
to which they were entitled. to inflict an
indefensible frontier upon the Poles that
Russian sensibilities in the future when
Russia became normal might not be
dangerously wounded 1t was only for the
Russians to propose material profits for
themselves to obtain a ready ear from the