Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-11-03


During the cold season extra pre-
cautions must be taken to insure
proper functioning of all parts of the
car. An important part to consider
Is the storage battery. If allowed to
become discharged the electrolite
within Will freeze at point con-
siderably above zero. IL hree-fourths
discharged II viii freeze at zero while
Il fully charged battery will with
stand temperature some hundred
degrees below zero. The battery
should never be more than one
fourth discharged. a hydrometer
reading of about 1880. The cooling
system requires perhaps the most
attention. because In addition to the
using OF non freezing solution mix
ed with the water. evaporation OF
about 60 per cent water and 40 Of
denatured alcohol win not freeze at
any temperature above zero. For n
temperature below zero use half
and half mixture. For replacing ev-
aporation n three part alcohol to
one part water mixture Is advised.
Alcohol will evaporate faster than
water. Wood alcohol may be used
ing point ten degrees lower. Glycerine
| may also be used, a smaller amount
Is required and II does not eVaporate
but 1t is very expensive. Flush the
system thoroughly before filling for
the winter.
| A lighter oil can usually be car
ried iP the crankcase in cold weather.
With its use the engine Will timber
up more. easily, will start cas-
Ter and bearings may receive better
fabrication than with heavy oil Ugo
q good grade OF oil always. When
examining the gauge to ascertain the
oil level always wait until the engine
has been warmed by operation. as
| congealing may cause faulty regist-
ering OF the amount being carried.
At rule. cold weather demands a
trifle more gas be added to the car
| bnreter mixture and little less air.
For starting cold engine. printing
or manipulation of the choke may
be necessary. A gradual closing OF
this choke as the engine warns will
soon bring the mixture to It's running
| condition. Lack OF attention will re-
suit in poor service derived from the
| car in winter. Inconvenience to the
| driver and large repair bills.
2.-How can a rear wheel with
| taper axle be removed II the wheel
eticks tightly to the axle? m
To remove rear wheel which fits
tightly to tapering axle the usual
However, If none is accessible I'M
l.,
replace it on the axle with castellated
end facing the wheel and with outer
end flush with axle end. Tap the end
OF axle and nut with n hammer and
the wheel Will loosen. The nut is run
on the axle backward to prevent the
castellated end from being dana sed
with the hammer. also the axle is
protected by having the nut flush
with It's end. When replacing The
wheel be sure to tighten the nut Sc
curely, as any play between axle
and wheel hub will wear the key
and key-way which lock the wheel to
the axle. This is dangerous to wheel
and axle-and incidentally to the
car and passengers.
3.-Why should not any kind of
water be used in the cooling system?
Do not use water filed with lime
or chalky substance for the cooling
system as foreign deposits will form
when obtainable is best. Altho it's
seldom done. the water should be
| filtered before using.
Allow is the word Chassis"
pronounced and from what is it de-
rived?
The word chassis" pertaining to
! the power plant. frame and all work
| ing parts of the car mounted, is pro-
nounced "shas-see It is derived
from the French, and originally
meant metal or wood frame work. 1t
applied to a horse drawn wagon,
then locomotive and finally to an
automobile.
| 5.-What precaution should be
taken before an entirely empty rad
iator is filled with water?
Before filing an entirely empty
radiator with water, be sure to open
outlet or petcock at the water pump
Of the forced circulation system and
and outlet at the bottom of the radi-
ator with the thermo -syphon Then
l
the outlet close the petcock, and fill
the radiator. This allows the air
within to escape and prevents an air
| lock or pocket in the system which
sometimes prevents the water from
| circulating.
6.-What Is simple way to test
motor oil to ascertain it's lubricat-
| ing qualities?
A simple way to tell good from
poor oil is to drain a glass tube or
bottle full Of that which is carried in
the crank case and which has been
used for a time. Allow it to stand
| undisturbed for a day. then hold
against light. Good oil will con-
tain some sediment, which has set
tied to the bottom Of the container,
but above the settings it will be
| red. Poor oil contins sulphur COM
pound, it will turn black shortly
after being drawn from the engine
two or three times as much black
sediment as good oil. The sulphur
! in this oil will injure bearing sur
faces and cause pitting and there
| fore leaking of the valves Oil that
congeals at twenty five degrees above
zero should not be used especially in
cold weather.
How much less is the distance
that an ignition spark will jump in
side the cylinder under compression,
, than the distance it will jump out
| side the cylinder?
A good way for an amateur to test
the condition of the igniti,n coil is
to hold spark plug Wire various
distances from the outside Of the
engine while the ignition switch is
on and the engine is being turned
over. The coil to be in good condi-
ton should give a spark when the
wire is at least three quarters Of an