davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1920-10-20
unfit for service by over indulgence in

unfit for service by over indulgence in
tobacco?
To answer these questions, the best
evidence obtainable no doubt comes
directly from the officers and men
themselves.
That tobacco filled Il much felt want
by the men, there is abundant evidence
to prove. That this craving was:
greater than would have obtained had
these men remained at their usual oc-
cupations, must be admitted.
Let us analyze this demand. Upon
entering the service the average man
is surrounded by greater restrictions
than he was accustomed to in civil
life. His entire existence is subject
to regulations. He arises in the
morning, and goes to bed at night at
a set time. His meals, his hours of
drills, of recreation, and liberty are
fixed and vary but little from day to
day.
The service means complete
change in many cases of habits and
environment, the breaking up of
family ties, and finally the inculcation
OF that sometimes elusive but neces-
sary quality, discipline. 1t requires a
REIMBURSEMENT of the individual to an
entirely new situation in life. The
ease with which this adaptation to a
new environment is made has an i'm
portant bearing on the future course
of the individual.
Tits here that the solace obtained
from tobacco has a beneficial effect.
1t provides an outlet for pent-up emo
ton; 1T soothes, reconciles, and salts
fies. A little philosophy inspired by a
friendly smoke serves to ease an in
tolerablc situation and the harshness
of life apepars less harsh when view
cd through the haze of fragrant
cloud of tobacco smoke. When an in
dlvldual can bring himself to say,
"aftcr all it might be worse" it is not
necessary to surround him with guards
| to prevent suicide or desertion. And
there is abundant evidence to prove
that tobacco helps greatly to inspire
such an attitude and does it with the
minimum of after effect.
Again, take the situation of the
man of the at the front and about to
get his first taste of shell-fire; await
ing forth order to advance, held in re-
serve, but likely to be called up any
minute, with shells dropping about
and an occasional cOmrade picked off.
but still waiting. Inaction, having the
appearance of calmness and yet great
turmoil within, repressing emotions
which struggle for expression; under
these circumstances the cigarette be-
comes priceless. He selects one with
great care, concentrates his entire at
tention upon preparing it. lie lights
it carefully, inhales deeply, watching
the glowing tip intently. He blows
out large cloud Of smoke and feels
easier. He is doing something, he
has found an outlet and this activity
lessons the tension.
Again after hard days work,
tired, with food prepared with Difficult
ty, depressed and somewhat homesck,
ask the doughboy or sailor what he
wants and invariably the answer is,
"a smoke"
Tobacco is means Of diversion
which far from interfering with a
mans performance Of duty, attaches
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1920-10-20

him to it and renders it less burden
some. In a campaign where mans
resources are so limited, there is
nothing so trifling as to be devoid of
value. And the testimony of men who
have seen service is overwhelmingly
in favor Of it's use.
But granting that it produces a
good mental effect under these condi-
tlons, what about its effects on the
physical man?
Also, now that the war is over and
he men are returning to their more or
less peaceful pursuits, VIII ycontinue
its use, in fact why not actually pro-
hibit it's use?
The effects Of the habitual use of to-
bacco have been discussed from every
conceivable angle and with much
minutcness from the time of it's first
introduction, some Investigators con-
tending that it is entirely harmless
when moderately used, while others
ascribe numerous evils to its use. One
French writer has gone so far as to
attribute the defeat of his nation in
the war of 1870 to the prevalence of
cigarette smoking.
The effects of tobacco smoke are de-
scribed by most investigators as be-
ing due practically entirely to the
nicotine contained in it. There are
other toxic constituents, but their
quantity is so small as to be practic-
able negligible. The effects of nico-
tine vary considerably in different in
dividuals. Considerable tolerance is
acquired by continued use so that mod
crate doses soon lose al ltheir un-
pleasant acute effects. However, alb
solute tolerance is never reached.
Increased pulse rate, heightened
blood-prcssurc, irritable heart, and
toxic amblyopia are few of the un-
toward symptoms ascribed to the use
Of tobacco. And yet considering the
large number Of smokers we must ad-
NIT that it is very rare that an indi-
vidual seeks relief for one of the above
conditions.
Let US consider the reasons for the
use of tobacco in civil life. Why do
people smoke? What is the basis of
this almost universal craving which
tobacco seems to satisfy? Will the
withdrawal of tobacco entirely lead to
any untOward effects?
If we smoke entirely for the ply
siological effects of the active princi-
pies OF tobacco, which are absorbed
during the act Of smoking, we could
obtain these active principles in pill
or tablet form and administer them
much more cheaply, accurately, and
efficiently than by the act of smok-
ing.
Yet who would be satisfied with a
tabelt containing his usual dose of
nicotine instead Of his satisfying af-
ter-dinner cigar? What soldier await
ing the order to advance would be
soothed and calmed by a nicotine pill
instead of his friendly cigarette?
We must go back further than the
physiological effect of the drug itself
to explain its action. The pleasure
derived from smoke is dependent
probably more on the act itself than
on the physiological action of nicotine
and it's allied alkaloids.
The pleasurable effect begins even
before the cigar Of cigarette is light
ed. The smoker carefully selects and
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1920-10-20

inspects his cigar and the preparation
of the tobacco for smoking erceives
much attention. All these things re-
fleet the state of mind Of the indivi-
dual. Then the sound of the lighting
match, the sight Of the curling smoke
and the glowing tip, the aroma of the
burning leaf, the familiar taste, the
touch and feel of the cigar or cigar
cite; all of these factors combine to
produce the pleasurabe effect. The
appeal is not to one sense but to all
the senses, and the psychic effect re-
sulting from this stimulation of the
senses is far more important to the
smoker than the physiological effect
of the nicotine absorbed. Destroy or
impair any Of the special senses and
the effect Of tobacco becomes imme-
diately interfcred with. 1t is mat
ter of common knowledge and obser-
vation among smokers when suffering
from cold which impairs the senses
of taste and smell, that they derive
little enjoyment from smoking.
Smoking in the dark or when un-
able to see the smoke or the glowing
tip is most unsatisfactory. In other
words, while the action of nicotine and
the associated active principles of to-
pt',1oFio III SOIc NcSlcc re-
sponsible for the effect of tobacco, it
would appear to be nearer the truth
to say that men smoke in spite Of this
action and not because of it.
The increased pulse rate and height
cncd blood pressure noted in some
cases following the use of tobacco and
ascribed by investigators along this
line to nicotine absorbed are not con-
ducive to pleasurablc sensations on
the part Of the individual concerned
and we are safe in assuming that it is
not for this effect that he INDUCES in
tobacco.
The effects which appealm roe to
the smoker are soothing, sedatiyc,
tending toward relaxation, content
mcnt, and mental rest. He appears
less acutely aware of his own short
comings and more tolerant Of the
shortcomings Of his associates
The histor yof tobacco, its discovery
and use i'm the New World, it's intro
duction into the Old World, and the
manner in which the habit is spread
form an interesting chapter and one
which is well worthy of investigation.
It's use was unknoWn 20 Europeans be-
fore the discovery of the New World,
but following it's introduction the
haolC spread with great rapldlty de-
spite the most vigorous means taken
to stamp it out. Among the abort
glnes of America the use of tobacco
was widely prevalent.
The practice Of smoking was observ-
ed by the companions Of Columbus on
their first voyage. It was first intro
duced into Spain by some of the fol-
lowers of Columbus on his second vov-
age, who returned about 1912. In
troduccd into the British isles about
1860 it was not until 1886 that the
plant an dts use were widely known
and that Raleigh distinguished himself
by growing tobacco on his estate and
himself smoking publicly.
From Spain and England the use Of
tobacco spread by degrees over all the
known world. In America the cul-
Continued on page 6)
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1920-10-20
THE BARBEROUS
CUSTOM OF SMOKING
BY w. A. Bloedorn, A. A., NJ, d.
Lieut.. -cCmmander, Medical Corps
y. S. Navy.

The world war is responsible for
many changes in our social and econ
cmic life and there is no doubt that,
due to its stimulus, national prohibi-
tion became fact. The tendency in
this direction has long been manifest
but it required the excitement incident
to the great conflict to secure the
necessary Legislation and to reconcile
the people themselves to accepting ma
tlonal prohibition as a necessity.
One hears on all sides now the query
Will tobacco be next to go? and it
is but natural that tobacco should loom
pom the horizon, assume a position
of greater Importance and command
more attention than ever before The
war has served to bring tobacco into
the limelight and it may be interesting
for US to inquire regarding it's place in
civilized community, and the reasons
for it's almost universal use, before ar
irving at any hastily conclusions.
During the war, the demand for
smokes" for men in the service was
enormous. Tobacco funds, subscrip-
tons and donations, were sougth from
one end Of the country to the other.
Newspaper and periodical wagcd ac-
tive campaigns for funds and with
LAUGH success. This demand was not
felt in the United States alone, but in
al 1.-The belligerent nations similar
campaigns were carried on, and even
IN the few neutrals the need for the
sedative and soothing effects of Lady
Nicotine were quite manifest.
This unprecedented demand was re-
cognized by the government and the
entire output of factories in somo cases
was taken over and sent directly to
men in the service.
However, all this activity was by no
means unopposed. There was much
active criticism and opposition to the
campaign, on the part of many indivi-
duals, societies, and organizations. The
harmful effects of the promiscuous
use OF tobacco were pointed out as
we'll as the danger of encouraging and
spreading habit which was variously
characterized as wasteful, extravagant
and unnecessary.
The opposition. however good case
they had, nevertheless appcard to be
in the minority and the longer the war
lasted the fccblcr became their pro-
testations.
The fact remains that large
amounts Of tobacco were sent across
to men in the service and equally
large amounts consumed in camps on
this side; in fact so great was the de-
mand from these mch chat civilians in
many cases found the weed difficult to
obtain.
Now that the war is over and the
troops are returning to civil life, what
has been the effect Of catering to this
demand? Have the opposition proved
their contentious? Has the promis-
cuous distribution Of tobacco had a
harmful effect? We're men rendered
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1920-10-20

Continued on page G)
Arizona republican., 1920-08-13

kind of weather with the same degree of assurance as can the passenger who seeks to make his way from Grand Central terminal to Times Square.
 The device consists of cable 10 channel. Ii Is energized with an alter hating current from the shore. Shlps to take advantage of 1t must De equipped with audiphones or listening devices attached to the hull. Ap- preaching the channel the sound waves emitted by the cable can be heard for some distance, and the ln- creasing or decreasing strength or the sound enables the ship to be steereu until 1t is right over the source. It IS then a simple matter to follow us course through the dredged channei despite storm or fog which would make the marking buoys invisible or would tend to confuse the warning notes of automatic bell and whistle markers.
 This cable is but an additional pro- tection for shipping entering American ports. It supplements the radio com pass installed and operated by the naval communications service now in successful use all along the Atlantic coast. By the compass, ships can as- certain their exast position In any kind of weather. Another protection recently tried out by the navy depart ment is a machine for determining depth of water and proximity Of other ships through the readings of sounds from the propellers reflected back from the bottom or nearby bodies.
Arizona republican., 1920-08-13
ABE LINCOLN TREE IS
 NOMINATED FUR HALL
 IF HISTORICAL FAME

WASHINGTON, Aug. 1.-The only tree known to have been planted in memory of Abroham Lincoln right after his assassination has been nomi hated for place in the hall of fame for trees with a history" which the American Forestry association is com piling. A. S. Bailey of Decorah. Iowa, where the tree now stands, informed the association that the tree was planted by one John Finn, who is still living.
 When Abraham Lincoln was assassi- mated MT. Finn was in Chicago and he returned home much depressed. A few days later. on April 27. 1865, Governor Stone of Iowa declared a day of mourn ing for Lincoln. Finn went into the woods and dug up small hackberry shoot, which he transplanted on the street in front of his home. The shoot took root and today is one of the most magnificent trees in Iowa. It is no feet high and nearly 12 feet in circum- ference, to which facts the American Forestry association points as great lesson in what can be done ill tree planting.
 The Daughters of the American Rev olution, the Grand Army of the Re- public and historical societies of the country are said to be reporting many other trees with a history to the Amer ican Forestry association. Other nomi- nations for the hall of fame are:
 The first algaroba tree in the Ha- waiian Islands by M. J. Riordan of Flagstaff, Ariz. This tree seed was taken to Honolulu by Father Bachelot from California There are now thou sands of them in the islands.
 The General Johnston oak on the Shiloh battlefield by the chamber of commerce of Corinth. Miss. Under this tree Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston was | lri1 1al y1atI lao I,fo <rnn Tffa tree, now 300 years old, is cared for by the national government. The Washington oak, near Santee, s. C., nominated by J. Danforth Bush of Wilmington, Del. The tree was spared from the ax when George Washington urged that it be not cut down. The tree is on the estate of Col. Henry Rutledge.
 The largest canyon live oak in Cali fornia is believed to have been found by l.. A. Barrett of the United States forest service near the Biddison ranch in Bouquet Canyon in the Santa Bar bara forest.
 The San Diego Mission palm, nomi- mated by T. P. Getz. This is the only one remaining of the four planted in 1769. Two were sent to the Chicago worlds fair in 1892 and a third was blown down in 1913.
 The Blunston oak, just over the Philadelphia line in Darby, nominated 1 by Miss Ethel Austin Shrigley of Lans- down, Pa. This tree was mentioned in deed in 1883 and from beneath it in | TIT General Washington watched his army march from Philadelphia to ] Chadd's Ford.
 The old sassafras tree at Harrisburg, now POS years old, nominated by J. s. Illick It was 15 years old when John
 Harris, Jr., son of the man who founded
 the Pennsylvania capital. was born.
 The tree is 13 feet in circumference and 56 feet high.
Arizona republican., 1920-08-13
GREEN LINE SYSTEM
 ID ASSURE SAFETY IS ADOPTED FUR SHIPS
Jeepubllean A. p. Leased Wlrel

NEW YORK. Aug. 11-Tha principle of follow the green me" used suc- cessfully by the management or New York's subway system in handling crowds at congested transfer points, has been adapted in measure 10 Tn :, sure safety to ships at sea around crowded harbors. Instead of visible green line" however, a device has been perfected whereby vessels seek ing their way into harbor in thick weather can follow with safety a sub merged and energized wire.
 In the outer reaches of New York harbox- where deep water meets shoals, there begins a marine passage way known as Ambrose channel. This channel leads up through the mar rows into the inner harbor and to the docks and in this channel the guiding cable has been laid Ships properly equipped to take advantage of its guid- ing powers can follow it through any
Arizona republican., 1920-08-13
PARIS ATE CAMEL MEAT

(Boston Transcript
 The cosa of maintaining the camel at a Parisian geological garden was so great that it was decided to cut this item out of the budget and the animals were put up at auction. The highest bid was from butcher, who cut it up and sold is for food.
Arizona republican., 1920-08-13
WoRLp,s HIGHEST pAM FLANNEL

the Punjab is now being investigated by the British government. If carried out it will supply irrigation to more than 2,00O, 900 acres of arid land and give Indian the highest dam in the world, about 135 feet higher than the Arrowrock dam in California
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23
HOLDING CHEMICAL TRADE
Statistics Show That United States
Has Been Able to Hold High
Mark Set During War.

Official statistics for the fiscal gear
1920 demonstrate that this country
has been able to keep its trade In
chemical and allied products very near
the high mark set during the war, de-
spite the loss of markets for purely
war supplies and. despite the pressing
demands that must be met in the do
.mestic market. 49,
Such is the conclusion reached by
O. p. Hopkins, well-known statis-
tician, writing in the Journal of Indus
trial and Engineering Chemistry.
"In almost all lines except muni-
tions," he writes, 'the exports in 1920
exceeded in value those Of 1918, a fact
that can be explained in some cases,
perhaps, by rising prices, but which
nevertheless warrants the assertion
that the position has not been weak
ened. These exports, which very
greatly exceed those of the last nor
NAL pre-war year, are made up almost
entirely of manufactured products.
Imports have more than held their
own and comprise raw and partly man.
ufactured products required for fur
Their advancement by American chem
ical manufacturers"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23
FORMER BEMIDJI BOY TO
APPEAR AT GRAND MONDAY

Paul LaBOunty, former Bemidji
boy, we'll known and remembered for
his activities in athletics, being cap
tain of the first hockey team ever Or
ganized in Bemidji, besides playing
baseball and football, Is in the city
visiting relatives after an absence of
eight years.
Since leaving Bemidji his expert
ences have been varied as a perform
er. Twice he nearly lost his life,
once when he was with the Patterson
carnival company when he was at
tackled by a lion which was being
trained, and again when he suffered
an accident in his juggling with fire.
While visiting in the city, Mr.. La
Bounty and Mrs. LaBounty, nee Win
ter, will appear at the Grand theatre
on Monday and Tuesday in the per-
Torrance that have won many COM
ments of approval from the press,
thruout the east, where they appear
ed on most of the important vaude-
vile circuits, as LaBounty and Win
ter, in comedy, singing and talking
act, and as Prof. LaBounty in fire
juggling and fire eating novelty.
William Russell in a story of the
great outdoors, "The Valley of To-
morrow" will be the picture offering
on these two days. 1t is expected
that large number of friends Of Mr.
and Mrs. LaBounty will turn out to
see the Bemidji talent at work.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23
ALL FARMERS IN TOWNSHIP
JOIN STATE FARM BUREAU

A certain township in a certain
county in Minnesota has 119 resi-
dent farmers. Farm Bureau organ
izers went into the township and
signed up 121 farmers for member
ship in the Minnesota Federation.
Flows that?" someone may ask.
The answer is that the organizers
not only enrolled the 119 farmers in
the membership of the federation,
but two hired men as well.
j. s. Jones of University Farm,
state campaign director, say that in
many localities IS per cent of the
farmers solicited are joining the fed
Grafton. Six groups of solicitors,
each under the direction Of an ex-
perienced leader, are now at work in
various counties. Each group is made
up of from 10 to IA men. Twenty
organizers will be thrown into the
campaign in Hennepin county next
week.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23
BuIrushes Found Of Value.

As a result of a German professors
discovery that the roots Of the ordi-
nary bullrush contain as much as 30
per cent of cane sugar, special dredges
are now being built for the purpose Of
harvesting them, reports Popular Me-
chanics Magazine. The roots grow in
thick horizontal masses, and in one
part Of Germany are believed to I'M
derlie everywhere a tract of marshy
land comprising 100000 acres. Though
sugar is the product chiefly sought,
secondary processes yield alcohol and
n nutritive cattle food. From the
Juice there is made, also, strong beer
resembling porter.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23

mercial prestige in Mexico. A Ger
man news service, distributed free,
is appearing now in the press of the
capital, and posters displayed thru
out the city announce that German
motion pictures will be shown short
ly at the local cinemas. :,
The German news service, which is
under the direction Of the same Ger
mans who dispensed propaganda here
during the war, is devoted largely to
presenting the German point Of view
in European political questions, and
to information on the rehabilitation
Of German industries. The movies,
is it believed, will attempt to demon
strate Germany's recovery from the
war, socially and industrially, depict
ing scenes in manufacturing plants.
How to distribute these films, how
ever, evidently has delayed their ap-
pearance on the screen, for the lead
ing exchange, which controls nearly
all of the theatres, declares that the
Mexican public insists on American
and Italian films.
In the meantime German business
firms. who are now handling Ameri-
can goods, promise their customers
that the products Of German factories
will soon be ready for the market.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23

sands. One woman wrote on her bal
lot: II am voting for you major
ity socialists this time, but unless I
can get Westphalian ham that Is
made in Westphalia from now ON I'll
never do it again." Quite a few
votes were cast for the kaiser on tht
ground that IF elected the humilia
ton would serve him right" On G
man from Magdeburg deposited d.
stead Of his ballot five-mark n4te
without comment.
But the prize ballot came from L In
den. 1t was a piece Of wrapping pa.
per, on which was written isaiah ~
1924" The verses read: "Show I The
things that are to come hereafter THAT
we may know that ye are gods; yea,
do good or do evil, that we may be
dismayed and behold 1t together. Fse'
hold, We are of nothing and your work
Of naught: an abomination is he THAT
chooseth you"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1920-10-23
Davy, Jones' Rich Cargo.

A diver was sent down recently at
New York to locate case OF mncllin-
cry that had fallen into the river. AS
soon as he reached the hnttom lie
signaled that he wished to come up
When his helmet was removed, the
first thing he said was, "What's the
number of the case?" There we're Sc
many cases at the bottom of the river
longed to his employers. tn. amount
of cargo that is lost in Iot'>'ing and
unloading ships is Popular
Science Monthly