davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
u. S. ANNUALLY PRODUCES
100000 TONS OF GYPSUM
Product Used Chiefly as Wall Plaster,
But Also Figures in Fertilizer.

plaster of Paris have been known
the date of recorded history The Egyptians used this
hard and durable today Plaster
Of the mineral known In
technical language hydrous calcium suPhate or in other
words the sulphate OF lime with its water OF ystazaon
Paris aned made by heating the crude
material sufficient drive OH the water OF crysal
it, will again become a hard smooth, durable product
widely throughout the world In the
United States chiefly rock gypsum or as gypsite soft
The production in the United States has been relatively
stationary for the last The annual production
slightly reaching a75oooo
In 1918 there drop production to just
This caused chiefly by the cessation of building
operations In the estimated production IS TONS
imported each chiefly
from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick In recent there
big which reached low point OF
less than in
ranks
there between and 100000 Iowa and Michigan
Ohio Oklahoma and Texas important producing States
Approximately OF consumed annually
without bulk OF this material used connection with
the manufacture of Portland The next largest Of
that fertilizer this commonly known
land plaster Its action here indirect and plant food
itself supposed and potash which
valuable plant foods Land plaster also used connection
with stable litter Its here is with the
ammonia of the form ammonium sulphae This latter
washed by rain Raw also used for making
blackboard base for paints filler Tor cotton
and other purposes.
By far the important OF calcned o wall
plaster About 100000 consumed annually for this
pose More recently gypsum has been used extensively ior the
extensively used the highest of heproo buildings All
products conductors OF heat and resistant
fire
Other less important calcned gypsum
making and other work relief and models
molds for pottery surgical casts asbestos pipe covering ETC.
The following table the production and
reported by the Geological Survey for
PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS OF GYPSUM.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
PHILADELPHIA PRODUCE.

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 14.-But-
ter (Close)-Higher.> The quota
tions: Fresh solid-packed creamery.
fancy. high scoring, 56a5Sc; extras,
55c; extra firsts, 53a54c; frsts, Ala
4sc; seconds, 35a40c; sweet cream
cry. choice to fancy. 57a5sc; fair to
good. 46a56c; fancy brands OF
nearby prints jobbing at 64a66c:
fair to choice, 51a63c.
Eggs (Close)-Again lower. Quo
tations: Nearby firsts. S2aS4c dozen:
current receipts. soc: ordinary to
fair. 70a76c; Western extra firsts,
s2as4c; firsts. 77aS0c: fancy, candled
fresh eggs. jobbing. s3ae4o and fair
to choice at S5a92c.
Cheese-Bareiy steady Quota
tions:. New York, whole-milk fiats.
fancy, held. 27isa2Sc: fair to good.
held, 25a27c: fancy, fresh. 25a25isc;
common to fair. fresh. 22aa4c; Long.
horns, held, CSC; fresh, 2Sa29c: Sin.
26a27c; jobbing sales of fancy
goods. 30a31c.
Live Poultry-Fowls. fancy, heavy,
inferior, 21a24c. White Leghorn
roasting stock, fancy, weighing
lbs. and over apiece. 25a2Sc; ordi-
nary, 22a24c. White Leghorn chick
ems, 22a23c. Old roosters, zoe. Tur-
keys, fancy, 45a4sc; ordinary. asa
40e. Ducks, choice, 2Sa3Oc; Mus
covy, 21a22c. Geese. 25a30c. Pig
cons, pair. 35a40c. Guineas. young,
pair. l u lbs. and over apiece, s5a
s0c: smaller sizes, 60aS0c; old, pair,
60a70c.
Dressed Poultry-Turkeys sprins,
fancy, Delaware and Maryland, 55a
soc; other nearby. 54a5hc: Western,
dry picked. 52a53c; Western. ice
packed. 50a51c; fair to good. 35a
45c. Fowls, fresh-killed. dry-picked.
in boxes, weighing 41ka5 lbs and
over apiece. 36c: lbs, 35c; 3k lbs.
31a32c; 3 lbs, 29a30c; in bbls., dry
picked, 4a5 lbs. apiece, dry-packed,
33as4c: 4a5 lbs. apiece. iced, 31aS2c,
az lbs, 27a30c; 3 lbs. and under.
24a26c. Roasting chickens. West.
ern. dry-packed, in boxes. 4ka5 lbs,
and over apiece, S7c; lbs. 34as6c:
az lbs, 31a32c; iced in bbls., 4a5
lbs. and over apiece. S1a32c: az
lbs. apiece, 2sa30c. Fryers, West
ern, iced, lbs. apiece. 2sa27c.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
WHEAT MARKET
SHOWS
Wire Trouble East of Chicago
Makes Selling Light,
However.

ACHICAGo, Dec. 14-The wheat
market was strong all through the
early part of the session today, on
local buying with a fair commission n
house demand, while offerings were
light. In the last hour there was
increased selling, including consfd-
cradle profit-taking by local bulls
while the sharp reaction in corn
checked buying for a time. Wire
service was crippled east of Chicago
and as a result the volume of trade
was smaller than usual and export
trade reports were late In comip G
in
In the late trade there was also
some evening-up in anticipation OF
the final government crop figures for
the year Resting prices were 2H
to 3A cents higher. the May gain
ing a little on December. Changing
operations were not as aggressive
as they have been for several days
past.
Corn finished "a to IL cents high
er, oats gained Il to ss cents. rye
was 1 4 cents up and barley 2 cents
higher. Corn showed a strong tone
until the last hour when there was
heavy selling against the offers, and
pressure from realizing by local
longs, which dfssipated a large part
of the early gains.
News affecting oats was of no
great significance. but the upturns
III other markets caused a firmer
tone. Gains were shaded by in
creased selling pressure in the late
trade, however, leaving the net ad-
vance for the day small.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
BALTIMORE PRODUCE.

BALTIMORE, Dec. If. Eggs -
Western Maryland. Pennsylvania
and nearby. firsts, 7sas0c; Eastern
Shore Maryland and Virginia, firsts,
7SaS0c; Western COhio), hrsts. 7Sa
soc: West Virginia, firsts. 74c;
Southern (North Carolina), frsts,
72c.
Live Poultry-Chickens young, by
boat, per pound, %ja26c; do, scrag-
gy, poor, per pound. 22c; old roost-
ers. pound. 1Sc: old hens. over 4
pounds, pound, CSC: do. small, pound.
22c; white Leghorn hens. pound. %
a24c; young white Leghorns, IL
pounds, 23a24c.
Butter-CreamerY. Western sepa-
rator. extras, 55a56s; do, firsts, 53a
SAC; Western prints. i.-pound, ex-
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
1920 ESTIMATES
ADVANCE OVER
LAST YEARSCROP
Few Losses Are Recorded
Among Less Important
Commodities.
YEARS AREA LESS
Difference of Five Million
Acres Indicated in Official
Statement.

The total value Of all important
crops raised this year In the United
States was ss.14s.sIs.ooo. the crop
estimate bureau Of the Department
of Agriculture announced yesterday
in an Official statement. This COM
putstIon was based on prices paid
farmers on December 1.
The area of all important crops
was given as 351, 062. 400 acres COM
pared with 356,162,122 acres in 1919.
The 1920 value of some of the
important crops described by the
bureau follows:
Corn, s21S9, ,721. 900: winter wheat,
sS66.741,OOO; spring wheat. s273.-
465.0O0: all wheat. s1,14D,206,000;
white potatoes. S5O0,s74.O00; sweet
potatoes, s126. 900; oats, s719.-
$4,000: barley. st42.e31.000; rye,
SIS. sos 200; rice. s63.S37.000: cotton.
s9l4.590, 900: sugar beets. $685.
0o0; apples. S271.9S4,000 and to-
b. eco. SECS. OO1. 900.
Production Of the important crops
Was given aS follows: Corn. g.
.52.367 900 bushels in 1920, and p
SIS. .5O9. 600 In 1919; white potatoes,
4S0.45s. 900 bushels in 1920. and 357.-
$4,000 in 1919; apples. 240.646.O0O
bushels in 1920. and 153,23s.000 in
1919: sugar beets. S,545,0O0 tons in
1920. and 5.421,41S tons in 1919;
oats. I.524.055.00O bushels in 1920,
and 1881. .754. 900 in 1919; barley. 2O2.-
0s4.OO0 bushels in 1920. and 16l,345,-
600 in 1919: rice. 53.7l0. 900 bushels
in 1920. and 42.79O.0O0 bushels in
1919: rye. 69.2Is, 900 bushels in 1890.
and SS.909. 900 bushels in 1919; hay,
los. ga. 900 tons in 1920. and 109,-
$4,000 tons in 1919; tobacco. 1.50S.-
O64 900 pounds in 1920, and 1.463.-
3e5 900 in 1919; cotton. 12.9S7. 900
bales in 1920. and I1.421.O00 in 1919.
The sCrcagcs of important crops
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
SALE OF COTTONS
CLOSES STRONGER
Advances of 20 to AZ Points
Shown in Closing
.. Quotations.

NEW YORK, Dec. IA sharp
rally occurred in the cotton mar
ket today and the close was strong
er, following depression in the fore
noon. December made a new low
record for the season in the morn
ing, touching 1896, compared with
1856, the low mark established to-
ward the end of last month. while
January sold at l4.7s. contrasted
with 1853, the bottom point made
late in November
The market was fairly steady
early. with first prices 3 to Z points
lower.
Demand lacked breadth. and
prices soon began to sag under SELL
ing from Wall Street. commission
houses and Southern sources. Late
in the forenoon the decline was
checked by covering, which became
more active as soon as the liquida-
tion of scattered long accounts sub
sided There also was buying OF
March and May by leading spot
house brokers.
The undertone OF the market was
much better during the afternoon
although there were occasional re-
actions. a holiday at New Orleans
diverted the selling that might have
gone to that market into New
York. Just before the close prices
scored smart gains, based on active
covering by shorts and Liverpool
and trade buying. Final quotations
showed net advances of 20 to ~
points.
Spot here was quiet at an ad-
vance of so points at 1850 for
middling. There were no sales.
The Census Bureaus report on
the consumption of cotton will be
issued at 10 a. m. tomorrow.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
MARKETSHOWS
FORM REVERSE
in GOOD GAINS
Gains Solid Strength Tn.
der Pressure Of &
Buyers.
HOLD DECLINE OVER
Rails Are Buoyant With Oils
Running as Leaders
At Session.
HOLD DECLINE OVER

NEW YORK Dec. 14-Opinion
maybe divided as; to the causes re-
sponsible forsthe reversal of form
displayed by the stock market to-
day. but no one can contravert the
outstanding fact that the strength
exhibited. assthe session progressed
was as Impressive as yesterdays
weakness Short covering of course,
played it's part, but the discrimina-
tion indicated by much of the buy
ing suggested a genuine desire TO
get stocks. This was particularly
the case in the standard rails, in
GLIDING Atchison, Reading, South
ern Pacific. Northern Pacific anc
others of similar standing.
The industrials, while not show
ing such marked buoyancy. were at
any rate in good demand with the
oils featuring as leaders. fester-
days selling of Royal Dutch en-
anated from Amsterdam in response
to the proposal to make a new stock
issue. a step which has been recon-
sidered. This heavy selling of Royal
Dutch found it's reflection in today's
sharp rise in Dutch Guiders.
Today's market movements were
not accompanied by any special
.
change in. the tone of the market
and the ma jority OF those who went
home bearish last night were today
expressing the view that the decline
had been overdone. 1t Is now pre-
dicted that those who play for the
customary secondary reaction" will
have to pay the penalty for their
pessimism.
Aside from these superficial con-
siderations more attention is being
given to the constructive results
that may be expected from the new
organization TO finance our foreign
trade. as well as the efforts of the
War Finance Corporation now In
stages of revival. Undoubtedly. the
commodity markets will furnish the
cue in this direction more accurately
than securities. The grain markets
showed continued strength through
out the session, and cotton rallied
about So per bale, Notwithstanding
yesterdays bearish crop estimate.
Money conditions showed nc
change. and the call rate remained
at per cent. Sterling was some
what frmer around 3.45. with de.
mand good.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
MEN AND BUSINESS
By RICHARD SPIlLANE.

was brakeman, and A. J. Earling.
OF the St Paul, was a telegrapher
9. HI Markham. president or the
Illinois Central wss section la
borer on the Atchison, Topeka and
santa fe. samuel Rea. president
OF the Pennsylvania, began at rs
with job in the engineering de-
partment of the Pennsy. Howard
Elliott head of the New Haven and
Northern Pacific. was a rodmsn on
the g. b. e. O.. forty years ago. A.
J. Smith. president of the New York
Central. was office boy on the Lake
Shore. The list might be continued
until IL embraced nearly every rail-
road chief in the country.
William j. Harahan went through
the proper school to it him for run
ming a great property like the
Chesapeake and Ohio. That school
is the one Of hard knocks and broad
experience.
1t will be interesting IL not val
liable to learn the effect of the ad-
vertising the Fairbanks Company
has under way. No doubt you no.
ticed it in the main sheet of this
paper. Usually an advertised ad-
vertises only his goods. The Fair
banks people are going further.
They are advertising not only the
goods but the men back of the
goods.
In the series now appearing the
company first pictured its Philadef-
phia office building, at Seventh and
Arch streets. There was an at
tractive line cut of the exterior and
bit OF story Of what you would
find within.
Next came an ad with a line cut
of the information desk and the
man who presides there-Walter
Mcdonald. The printed matter told
enough about him to interest you
and the picture made you remember
him as the courteous person you
met when you went to Fairbanks
office.
Then came an ad in which J. s.
Pierson. the manager. was featured
Following that was one showing
L. p. Miller, manager Of the Mill,
Mine and Railway Supply Depart
ment.
So it goes. through department
after department. The Fairbanks
people apparently not only want you
to know the machinery and the
tools they sell but the men who sell
them. That makes for something
mope personal than there has been
in most branches OF advertising
surely in the business of concerns
like the Fairbanks Company. 1t has
the virtue not only OF novelty. but
of promoting the personal interest,"
of the employees, for they are fea-
tured as being real elements in the
success of the business. which. OF
course. they are, but which has
not been recognized heretofore sc
far as advertising was concerned.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
METAL MARKET.

NEW YORK, Dec. II. The fol-
lowing prices were quoted at the
New York Metal Exchange today
Bar silver, domestic, ssis cents.
unchanged; foreign. SAX cents, a
decline of y cent.
Copper. spot, December. January,
February, March. offered. l4kc;
market dull.
Tin (Straits shipment). December
January. 3Sa35c; January-February.
34a4 ass izc: February-March, 3sa36c;
market weak for nearby positions,
and firmer for later.
Lead, spot. December and Janu-
ar. offered, $780,. market dull.
Spelter (East st. Louis), spot, De-
cember, January. February and
March. offered, s5.s5; market weak.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
(Short Tons.)
WALL STREET GOSSIP.

NEW YORK. Dec. 14.-Oil men
who at the close of last week said
that announcement of favorable"
developments in Mexico would be
made at the beginning of this week
were correct, il one can reconcile
their Interpretation of the meaning
of the word favorable" The Mex
ican Eagle Company. controlled by
British interests, allied with Royal
Dutch, have withdrawn from the
Oil Producers Association of Mex
leo. The resignation has not been
accepted, and it is said that the as
sociation will expel this company.
Oil interests here declare that this
is the first step toward the straight
ening out Of the concessions tangle
in Mexico.
Sales of stocks yesterday were
cleared today and checks delivered
to customers, who thus had made
available the funds for tax pay
ments tomorrow. Sales made today
for that purpose would have to be
made for cash. meaning an addi-
tional sacrifice to the seller. The
day previous to due dates for tax
payments heretofore always has
been marked by large transactions
for cash. A notable feature of to-
days market was the absence of
such transactions. indicating that
full preparations for the sS40. .oOO, 900
payments to be made in this dis
trict are completed.
Under the court order for the seq
regation of the Reading properties
the company was given until jan
uary Z to file it's plan. 1t has been
reported that the plan would be
presented in full at that time. and
it has been stated that an extension
of this would be asked. The terms
Of the proposed segregation have
been reported as variously as the
date upon which formal announce
ment would be made. The more re-
cent rumors were that the first and
second preferred stocks would share
equally with the common stocks in
the distribution of assets. Bankers
here identified with the company
decline to discuss either the date
or the terms of the plan. There Is
excellent reason to believe that the
announcement will not be long de-
layed and that the distribution. of
the assets will be in the proportion
of IS, 35. and 100 to the preferred,
second preferred and common stock
holders. respectively.
Call money opened and renewed
at per cent. and was in liberal
supply all day. This oficinl price
was maintained yesterday, although
1t Is known money was freely Of
fered privately at per cent, and
several loans of some magnitude
were negotiated at this figure. Easier
conditions are expected to prevail
in the money market for another
week at least, and indeed, bankers
do not expect any material tight
ening of rates even over the New
Year settlement. Time money is
unchanged as to rate. and with
nearly nominal transactions.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
Big Fife Packers
Secure PostpOnenient

: Hearing in the case of the gov
ernment against the Big g. pack
ers was postponed yesterday in the
Supreme Court of the District OF
Columbia until Tuesday. December
81. when the matter of the seps-
ration of the corporations from
their stockyard and terminal prop
critics will be again taken up. The
packers asked for the postpone
ment in order to examine further
into the governments proposal for
q trustee to take charge. of the
properties. pending their disposal
to private parties. 1t was the tacit
understanding that the postpone
ment would be the last one asked
and that the matter would be set
tied finally next week.
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
new YORK COAL I:
MEN LOOKING TO /:
BRIGHT FUTURE
Assert Non-activity SpeH
Will Soon Be
Broken.
PLENTY IN EUROPE
0verstocked Condition Exists
Account of Recent Pan
icky Purchasing.

NEW YORK, Dec. H.-whiie thert
is. no demand for export coal ana
that branch of the trade faces q
serious situation. local coal men pro-
fess TO see q ray OF sunshine break
ing through the clouds Of monaco
tivity. according to c. Andrade, Jr..
president OF the Wholesale Coal
Trade Association.
Europe Wen Supplied
According TO Mr.. Andrade. Europe
has realized that she has a large
supply OF coal Conly bituminous So
exported) and refuses to bid untf
she uses up the excess supply. The
demand is expected to show life IN
January. Prices at that time viii
be very near normal. as a result OF
the eased situation in this country,
but Mr.. Andrade believes the de-
mand will be brisk :
Europe b e m overstocked,- -
says Mr.. Andrade. because Of the
panicky buying which was expert
enced in the market Just after the
outlaw switchmen strike, which
caused a cessession of export shin
ments. The European buyers with
shipments reduced made commit
ments for three times as much coal
as could be normally used. on the
assumption that only a third Of the
contracts would be fulfilled. In
stead when the market eased and
coal tumbled. large supplies were
sent abroad and the excess coal ac-
cumulated. Then Europe quit buy
ing.
Export coal will not exceed four
per cent of the total production OF
the country. during the fiscsl year
ending March 81, 1891, in my opin-
ion"
The Washington herald., 1920-12-15
WASHINGTON PRODUCE.

Eggs-Nearby. S5c; Southern. 7Sa
soc: average receipts. 79c.
Butter-Print. Tic; creamery, ex-
ira. 6Sa69c.
Cheese-June-held. 3la52c: new
made. 2Sa29c.
Poultry Alive: Rooster.. zoe;
turkeys, 40a45c; spring chickens,2Sa
soc; white LeShorns, Csc: hens, 27a
Csc; keats. 4Oa45c. Dressed fowls.
CSC; springers. 2sa32c; turkeys, Asa
4Sc; roosters, 23c.
Calves and Lambs-Calves, lie:
lambs. l2c; prime, 10c.
Hogs-9a1oc; boars. 4a5c.
Rabbits-Tops $3.50 each: No. .
and kits. 20c.
Pork-Dressed: Small. l5c: me-
dunn. 13c: heavy, 1oa11c.
Sheep-3a6c
Green F=uits-Apples. per bas-
ket. 75a2.o0; apples. new, per bbl..
sa50a7.50; pineapples. s6.00as.O0
california oranges. s10.0oa12.0O; CAL
ifornia lemons, per box. s3.00a4.00:
grapefruit. per crate. S4.0oa4.75:
Florida oranges, s4.00a5.00: Brussels
sprouts. 10a20c.
Vegetables-Potato nearby. per
bbl. s3.Ooa3.25: Northern, per sack.
3.25a3.50, string beans, per basket.
Florida. 3.00a4.00: cabbage. per
bbI., s1.O0a1.50: beets. per 100, S6.I0a
500: lettuce. North Carolina. per
crate. s1.0Oa1.25; romaine lettuce.
per crate, s1.00a2.00; Florida, s2.50a
500: peppers. per crate, s3.00a4.00;
cymlfngs, crate. s3.00a4.00; egg
plant. per crate. s4.0oa5.00; snions.
per sack. S1.75a2.o0: spinach. per
bbl., 2.50a3.0O; Florida toma-
mat m. -
tatoes. No. I, per bbL. s4.0Oa5.00;
celery. 5ocasI.O0 per doz.: New York
celery. per crate. s4.ooa6.oo.
Hay. Grain. Flour, Feed-Fur-
nished by u. S. Bureau of Markets
Based on December II quotations in
important markets prices for hay,
feed and grain in markets delivered
Washington, d. c., for prompt ship
ment are quoted as follows: No. 1
timothy hay. s33 ton; No. timothy
hay, $50 ton: No. l clover mixed, $50
ton; spring wheat bran, s37 ton;
spring wheat middlings. $3.50 ton;
cottonseed meal (36 per cent? s37.25
ton: old process linseed meal, s47.5O
ton: gluten feed, SIS ton; hominy
feed. S42 ton: dried beet pulp, $40
ton: No. yellow corn, SI.031z bu.;
No. 2 white corn. sl.o1ls bu.; No. 2
white oats, 61ixc bu.; No. white
cats. sokc bu.
The following prices are quoted
by local dealers on carlots, basis cash
payment: No. timothy (western)
hay. S35 ton; No. timothy (west-
ern) hay, s34 ton; No. clover mixed.
s32 ton; spring wheat bran, s3s ton;
winter wheat bran. s41 ton. Flour:
Soft winter straight Q40 lbs. jute),
IS to 50 per bbl: hard winter
straight u40 lbs. jute) 50 to $3.50
per Dbl; fancy spring patent (family
brandt ss.25 to sa25 per bbI.: No. 2
shelled corn, s1.os per bu. (bags ex-
tra); No. white oats. 66s per bu
(bags extra).