davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

limited Press Leased Wire Service.]
4 A state of virtual guerilla warfare
exists in Mingo county, in the hills
of West Virginia. where striking
miners are fighting mine guards
News from the scene of this warfare
has been fragmentary. The gravity
of the situation became apparent
when Governor Cormwell asked for
federal troops. The United Press
sent Harold D. Jacobs into Mingo
county to tell what is going on there.
Following is his first dispatch.
lBy Harold D. Jacobs, United Press
staff Correspondence
ICouyright 1920 by the United Press.]
WILLIAMSON, West Virginia, Dec.
1.-THE biggest and. bloodiest feud in
the history Of this famous feud coun-
try is being fought out here today.
Starting last May as struggle
between capital and labor-the coal
mine operators and the miners-it
gradually developed into man to
man contest with non-union miners
and mine guards fighting the battle
for the operators. Twenty-three
were killed and fifty wounded. Gov
ernor Cornwell characterized the
situation as an "insurrection" and
United States troops marched in.
Today five hundred men of the
Nineteenth infantry under Colonel
Hall, are bivouacked in Mingo county
with headquarters in Williamson.
They patrol the mining territories
Hall, are bivouaced in Mingo county
their rifles, they have available a
number of machine guns and one
pound cannon. The miners and their
families are living in tent colonies
with winter coming on.
Sentries, rain cleaning on their
sickers, paced up and down in the
mud as stepped from the train. 1t
was stormy. The hills were shrouded
in mist. Somewhere in their re-
cesses were the sharpshooting feud-
lists who sometimes creep close
enough to the towns to send bullets
whining down the streets. The few
civilians in sight viewed me with
frank suspicion. Tall, rangy sons of
the West Virginia mountains, they
slouched through the mire, coat col
lars turned up against the rain, keep
ing an eye open for trouble.
Only modified martial law has
been established to date" Colonel
Hall said today. Beside maintaining
order, we expect to end all possible
future disturbances by arresting all
members of the lawless element, in
cooperation with the civil authori-
ties. We expect to be here for some
time"
Striking miners who are living in
tents are each receiving SIS a week
from their national organization with
81 extra for each woman and 81 for
each child When the tent colonies
were first established, there was
more inconvenience than real suffer
ing, but now the rainy season has
started and the whole countryside is
drenched in a cold, clammy drhzle.
None of the tents has flooring.
Miners charge the railroad refused to
make deliveries, although the lumber
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
Twenty-three Dead, Fifty Wounded in Man to
Man Contest Between Striking Miners
and Mine Guards.
FEDERAL TROOPS PATROL TERRITORY
Struggle Began Last May and Has Developed
Into Biggest and Bloodiest Feud in
Mingo County.

has been purchased. Railway officials
deny this.
The public appears to be about
equally divided in sympathy between
the miners and operators--that Is,
that small portion of the public that
is not directly interested in the feud.
For coal is the only excuse for exist
ence this out-of- the-way portion OF
the United States has.
The khaki-clad doughboys look
very business like, sloshing through
the rain churned clay around the
mines and at the railway stations.
Most of them are veterans. They
stand out in contrast to the handful
lof boyish looking state constabulary.
whose uniform Is reminiscent Of the
Y. M. c. A. overseas dress.
Since the arrival of the troops
there have been two clashes between
them and strike sympathizers.
In neither of these trays were
there any known casualties.
The coal feud which now far over
shadows the McCoy-Hatfield feud OF
Pike county, was the outgrowth of
the attempt to unionize fifty mines in
the Tug River field which embraces
all Mingo and part of Pike counties.
AS fast as the men joined the United
Mine Workers union, they were dis
charged.
The situation became tense and a
match was touched to the powder
keg last May when eleven men were
killed, including Mayor FISHERMAN.
Regular guerilla warfare followed,
bush whacking and dynamiting of
mine property being interspersed oc-
casionally with out and out duels be-
tween the warning factions.
The ire of the miners was aroused
particularly by the practice of the
operators in cjecting them from
company owned houses when they
joined the union. Elections became
Wholesale when the strike was called
in July. Women and children became
the principal sufferers.
AT the height of the strike, the
miners claimed 1900 men out and
monthly production reduced from
450, 900 to 100000 tons. The opera
tors said, however, the maximum
number of strikers out was $500 and
now there are 1,6O0 men working in
thirty-nine mines, only two hundred
of whom were brought in from the
outside.
According to the miners 2,700 men
are still out
Officials of the miners organiza-
tions say the pay averaged four to
six dollars day, but some to whom
the operators showed partiality made
thirty to forty dollars a day. The
operators say all men averaged from
ten, to thirty dollars.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
|RELAhD'S
GUERRILLA
WARFARE
Black and Tan Police Raid
Homes, Dragging Men
Out and Shooting
Them.
HUNDREDS OF ARRESTS
Editor Of Dublin Newspaper, Said to
be American Citizen, is Ar
rested by Au-
thorities.
HUNDREDS OF ARRESTS

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
DUBLIN, Dec. Guerilla warfare
with the Sim Fein continued in
southern Ireland today, with reports
of conflicts in Cork and Ardee reach.
ing officials here.
Black and tans We're reported to
have raided several houses and to
have killed two men in Ardee. The
victims were said to have been
dragged from their homes in the dark
ness and their riddled bodies left
nearby.
In Cork there was continued dis
turbance, with occasional fires break
ing forth. The fire brigade was per-
mitted to extinguish these.
An official report today said the
bodies of the sixteen black and tan
police killed near Kilmichael had
been hacked with hatchets after
death.
Ten days of searching for leaders
Of the Sim Fein movement have net
ted four hundred prisoners. Varying
from distinguished, well-clad men to
uncouth peasants, the prisoners were
herded in temporary quarters until
newly planned prison camps are COM
pleted. Strict watch is kept. Much
literature seized ON the men or in
their homes has been taken to the
Irish office, where it is being exam
ined for further information on the
Irish volunteer army and its plans.
The labor party commission headed
by Arthur Henderson, member OF
parliament, arrived here late yester-
day. 1t accepted at once an invita-
ton to joint conference with Off
cials OF the Irish labor party, the
Catholic hierarchy and the Irish
peace commission.
The laborites were given permis-
sion to visit any part of Ireland.
Dublin was quiet last night, except
for one minor raid, which resulted
in the arrest Of the editor Of the
Young Ireland. The papers office
was searched The manager of the
publication was alleged to be an
American citizen.
Police patrols returning to their
headquarters carried with them many
rifles, revolvers and bombs, found IN
the streets. Apparently these had
been abandoned in fear of detection.
Harsh punishment was promised
those discovered in possession or
dangerous weapons.
The situation at Macroom, near
which place sixteen black and tans
were murdered Sunday was vague to-
day. Reports reached here that re-
prisals continued and that the coun-
tryside was terror-stricken. Among
the police there was much indignation
over reports that the dead bodies
had been desecrated.
There were conflicting reports as
to how the slaughter occurred. One
report was that the first Of two lorries
struck q mine and that all the men
in it were instantly killed. Another
said that the lorry ran into con-
cea1ed trench cut across the road like
a bear trap.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
ARBITRATION
IS 4 failure
Governor Allen Seeks New
Method After Sixty Years
Of Industrial Dis
putes.
UTAH OFFICIAL PEEsIDEs
Conference CT Governors -eins Held
in Pennsylvania Today With
Harding of Iowa Taking
Par.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.
HARRISBURG, Pa, Dec. 1.-The
weapon of impartial justice under
responsible government" was offered
as substitute for "the weapon of
the strike" by Governor Henry J.
Allen, Of Kansas, at the conference
Of governors here today
II fully agree that any law which
attempted to take away from labor
its right to strike without giving to
labor adequate protection, would be
going backward" Allen declared.
"But we have. arrived at the period
when government provides the only
strength through which in justice we
may get this protection"
Governor Allen stated that arbitra-
tion has failed after sixty years of
growing Industrial strife in America.
The Kansas governor answered
criticisms Of his court for industrial
disputes made by labor leaders and
others who favor the Australian arbi-
tration plan and the plan embodied
in the second industrial conference.
Governor hamburger, of Utah, pre-.
sided at the conference.
1T is fitting that the conference of
governors this year, in period OF re-
construction, should be held in Penn
sylvania. where so much of the his
tory of the United States has been
made" Governor Sproul said in his
address of welcome.
Governor Campbell, Arizona, in his
reply, expressed confidence that the
conference will be a guidepost for
future generations.
Iv1- I,0 hco 80 d.. Il
of Louisiana, who was delayed, Gov
ernor Harding, of Iowa, addressed the
conference.
He announced that at the request
of former Secretary of the Interior
Lane, conference has been called
for January 10, II and 12, to take
place in Des Moines, Iowa, when state
and national park problems will be
taken up.
Legislation whereby nearby states
may be permitted to build parks
from tracts that are not suitable for
national parks was suggested by Di-
rector of Parks Mather in a letter.
Creation Of United States finance
corporation, capitalized at $2.000,0 ,000,-
600. to open foreign trade and extend
credit to farmers would solve the
problem confronting agricultural in
terests of the country, Governor w. L.
Harding, of Iowa, declared.
The corporation would be for the
purpose of funding the allied debt,
Harding explained Credit could then
be extended farmers, who will move
their crops in the export trade, he
said.
The plan would break the dead
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
Accepts Request of League of Nations as
Mediator Between Armenian Nation and
Turkish Nationalists.
RUSSIA MAY PROVE OBsTRUcT|ONI
Presidents Message to Hymans Expected to BEL
Received Today and Read Before
World Assembly.

The report of the commission,
headed by Lord Robert Cecil, onI
blockading states which may yiolatei
the league covenant was believed tOl
mean the plan has been developed tol
such point that the league can use
this means of enforcing its differ-i
ences between now and the 1921 ses-l
sion.
The Swedish delegation made
urgent recommendation that provi-i
sions be made to care for the inter-
ests of nations which might not par
ticipate in the blockade. That rec
ommendation was to be taken UP in
further sittings of the commission.
The question OF an International
army again came before the assembly
on the proposal OF Negulesco, Of
Rumania Negulesco, citing the diff
ficulties in Armenia and wilma, pro-
posed police force, to be directed
by the league.
His motion suggested that a per-
manent commission on disarmament
be formed and that nations not nlem-.
bers of the league be compelled to-
disarm The permanent commission
would be directed to make inquiries
in all countries as to the attitude on
disarmament and the reduction pos
sible.
Negulesco's third proposal was the
creation of police force, and the
fourth was the creation of an inter-
national army to carry out the rec
ommendation of the commission when
the council had decided action was
necessary.
The Rumanian motion was made
in connection with the report OF
Cecil's recommendations on blockadeS
for offending states.
Announce Offer Today.
[By Henry Wood, United Press stan
Correspondent
GENEVA. Dec President VIII.
sons offer Of personal mediation IN
Armenia was expected to reach the
league of nations assembly today
The assembly is in plenary session
and the presidents message ad-
dressed to President Paul HymanS
was expected to be announced by
him or receipt.
Wilson'S warning that military aid
could not be expected, and that large
expenditures would have to be ap-
proved by congress and therefore
could not be assured, caused no dis
NAV in the assembly 1t had been
agreed previously that necessary ex-4
penses or military expeditions would
be furnished by the league.
II the league accepts the presidents I
offer, the matter probably will go to /
the special Armenian commission.
which will agree with the council ON :
procedure to be recommended 10
Wilson.
The leagues permanent assembly
ON military. naval and air fighting
(Continued on page 2)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
Silk Stockings Lead to Pneu-
monia, and Other Sick
ness. ~

IUnited Press Leased Wire Service.1
CHICAGO, Dec. Girls if you
wear short stockings, low shoes, low
waists and flimsy lingerie, you better
watch out Or the coroner will get you
Peter NJ. Hoffman, Cook county
coroner, who claims the distinction OF
having originated the safety first
movement. said in an interview with
the United Press today, that one sure
way for girls to catch cold is to
wear" their knees bare.
Thin silk stockings, flimsy lingerie
and low necked dresses lead to pueu-
inonia and other illness, Hoffman,
said
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
COTTON CARGO
is ON FIRE
American Steamer in Gulf of Mexico
Wires for Help as She Speeds
Toward Mouth of
Mississippi.

limited Press Leased Wire Service.l
NEW ORLEANS, La, Dec. 1.-The
American steamship Calno. bound for
Liverpool from Port Arthur, Texas,
with a cargo of cotton, is af1re in the
Gulf of Mexico, a wireless to the
naval station here early today said.
The wireless asked that tugs be sent
to meet the ship, which was headed
full speed for the mouth of the Mis-
sissippi river.
The Calno was approximately one
hundred miles out from the mouth Of
the river when the wireless was sent
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
Some Short and Snappy Items
Which Make News Wire
Sparkle.

lUnited Press Leased Wire Seryice.J
DETROIT, Mich, Dec. 1.-Ihe Bos-
ton hop, originally modified poika'
has been tabooed by the city recre,
alton commission. The daylight
hold and too much vibration caused
the ban.
Homo Brew in Stove.
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Dec. L.
Eanr bottles of home brew thrown
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
seains Life Sentence.

limited Press Leased Wire Servlce.l
FORT MADISON, Iowa, Dec. L
Nick Grba, convicted OF killing Mike
Baldizar, by placing a stick of dyna-
mite in a garage which Baldizar
used. today began serving a life
sentence in the state prison here.
Grba's counsel has appealed to the
state supreme court.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
TEL LEGRAPHIC TABLOIDS
FROM FAR AND NEAR

into a red hot stove as the police en-
tered, exploded with al real kick and
started blaze at the home of Charles
Smith, colored. Smith was fined $50.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01
Fire Chief Arrested.

SACRAMENTO, Calf, Dec. l.
They'll next be arresting the police
chief for impersonating an officer.
Fire Chief Loyal Moore was arrested
and fined S5 for parking his automo-
bile within twenty feet Of fire hyd-
rant.
poke: Full Of Matches.
TRINIDAD, Colo, Dec. Frank
Gonzales, miner and tobacco deVotee,
took long pocket full OF matches
when he went to work in a mine near
here. Franks habit cost him $;SS;
the fine for violation OF the law, pro.
hibiting carrying matches in mines.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

Queen Elizabeth suffered from many
ailments, including swooning. gastritfs
and bronchitis, says one historian.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

Continued on page 2.)
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

THE WEATHER
Cloudy Tonight. Fair Thurs
day. Local temp. 7 p. M, Al;
a. M, 33.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

Continued ON page ~
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-12-01

Continued on page %
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1920-04-16
SAYS GERMANS FAIL TO PAY.
Rep. Kahn Ayers Our Force Now There
Costs I.22O, 900 A Day.

Washington. April i6.-Failure by
Germany to make full payments for the
maintenance of American forces in Ger
many, ms required by the armisticc, was
said by Chairman Kahn, of the House
Military Committee. in a speech Wcdnes-
day to have resulted in the troops being
maintained at daily expense to the
United States of sl,220,00O. Repre-
sentative Kahn added that che doubted
if this country would ever he able to
recover the great amount of indebted
ness from the German Government.
Several payments on account have
been made by Germany since the arrnis-
tice, he asserted, but no payments for
transportation Of replacement troops or
supplies for the troops already in Ger
many have been made A total of d33,-
600, 600 marks has been paid on account
up TO April 4. 1920, he said
The Military Committee chairman s
assertion brought forth debate as to the
possibility of inserting an amendment in
the Army Appropriation bill now before
the House cutting off any appropriation
for further maintenance Of troops at
Coblenz or I'm SleSa
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1920-04-16
SEES RULE Of JUSTICE
IN INDUSTRIAL COURT
Governor of Kansas Determined
10 Enforce Law in
Labor Disputes.

Topeka. April I6.-Governor Henry
] Alien. found occupied with his state
associates enforcing the provisions OF
the Kansas court OF industrial reia-
tions against leaders of striking miners
and railway switchmen, said to a
correspondent:
"The feature of the Kansas effort
which the laborer has not yet grasped
Is the blessing the law bestows upon
labor. Just now the professional agi-
tator realizing that with the law IN
full operation his occupation ~ gone,
has in sclf-defcnsc organized an effort
against the Kansas law which Is un-
,ioubtedly nationwide IN It's cncour-
agemcut.
An the radical leaders realize that
the Kansas law is the beginning of the
reign of Justice IN labor controversies.
This reign Is under the direction Of the
state and not under the direction of the
men whose living depends upon the
creation of strife. For three months
We have witnessed in Kansas the steady
growth of approval on the part OF or
paniyed labor for the industrial court.
More than twenty cases have now been
filed. n majority of which were brought
by union laborers. The conservative
ltborer and capitalist both find relIef
m the thought that their controversies
may now be carried to an impartial
court, where decision will be Just and
final This is going 10 eventually save
10 the laborer and the public and the
capitalist the waste which has come
from tie-ips lockouts and strikes.
II regret that it has been necessary
80 make some arrests under the criminal
clauses Of the law both among miners
and railroad men IL will probably be
necessary TO pass through n considerable
period Of drastic action, but every
friend Of the law and every reasonable
man familiar with the facts under
stands that there is no spirit of pun
lshnlcnt IN the measures taken TO up
hold this law whose ConstitutIouality
iS unqueStioncd and which was passed
b1 practically a unanimous vote OF the
Legislature The law was passed to
alvc labor projection against capital
snd capital protection against labor
md tho public protection against the
improper use of economic pressure from
her uf them or both.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1920-04-16
MANUFACTURERS TAKE
PART IN CAMP A|GN
Will Demand a Hearing Before
Conventions of Democrats
and Republicans.

New York, April l6.-1'hc National
Association of Manufacturers have
announced its entrance into the national
political campaign on "a platform for
American industry"
President Stephen G. Mason, Of the as
socIation. said the action was in accord
with a general desire throughout the
country. Platform Committee for
each State, with all phases Of industry
represented, now il 'in process Of com
pletion," he SAID. The National Commit
tee, which will be composed Of three Of
''the most representative and abl,st man
ufacturers in the several States, will
meet here on May , To draft the indus
trial platform. The platform viii be
submitted 10 the annual convention of
manufacturers here, two weeksiater.
When the platform IL approved u will
be submitted 20 both Republican and
Democratic National Conventions.
The announcement said: mo secret
is made of the fact the manufacturers
expect 20 encounter some stiff oppos. s.tion,
even among their own ranks" but IL
was added Sufficient assurance OF SUP
port has been received that all disap-
proval will be crushed in an avalanche
Of popular favor Letters have been
of each State. asking them 10 select
three representative men irrespective
Of party affiliations" to help frame the
platform. The letter 20 these associa-
tIons says 1T is earnestly and consoien-
tiolsly believed that productive industry
has been silent too long.
"It is now the psychological duty for
industry, the backbone Of the nation, 10
make its voice heard and present to the
country sound economic program.
Never before have associations like ours
had the opportunity to prepare jointly
such program.
In making the announcement of the
national platform for industry Mr.
Mason said the manufacturers, for the
first time in history, believe that the
time has come for them 10 mike their
collective voice heard by The dominant
political bodies of the country; that IL Is
their duty to tho public TO formulate
a definite program TINT will help the
nation back intoe sound. smooth indus
trial operation and progress
Tho l'uitcd States is more of business
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1920-04-16

ssThc American stratihcation which
has rendered our society peculiarly open
to that attack has sem about IL per
cent of the population representing or
ganiaed employing capital on one side
and 5ls per cent of the population rep
resenting organized labor on the other
side, with o2 per cent, representing the
public at large caught in between, pos
sessing only the good natured power of
passive resistance. IL has had no de-
fender, no voice in arbitration, no part
IN Cancellation and no benefits from the
quarrel in the making of which it had
no part. The Kansas court merely comes
i'll as court of justice to enforce the
rights of the % per cent and preserve
working conditions which shall be whole
some and helpful TO both capital and
labor. Nothing can prevent the ultimatel
acceptance of this remedy rs n national
policy"
Governor Allen is going TO see his
court of industrial relations through to
the bitter end, and if necessary will
again call for volunteers To operate the
Kansas coal mines and send troops along
for their protection.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1920-04-16

nation todny than it ever hns been
and we believe that our industrial future
Is largely dependent upon the methods
and purposes which move those IN
charge of national affairs in solving the
present critical problems, he con-
tInued.
"We believe that we SHOULD give inn
mediate attention and assistance to our
law-lnakers and other factors III working
out a complete and thoroughly American
solution. We are seeking to formulate
n platform TINT will harinonizc the exist
ing differences and dissensions of today;
not 10 antagonize them.