davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
WOULD CONTROL
MEAT PACKERS
BY COMMISSION
Bill Introduced in House to Pro.
vide Federal Food Board
Of Five Members.

Washington, April ga bill
sponsored by the American FEEDER
alton of Labor providing for a ma
tional food commission to control
the meat packing and live stock
shipping industry was introduced in
the house by Representative Baei
of North Dakota.
The bill requires the Interstate
Commerce commission. within six
months after the passage of the
act, to acquire all the principal
stockyards and stockyard terminals
and all of the refrigerator cars now
owned by the big meat packers.
One of the radical features of the
measure is a provision that any of
the five members of the commission
appointed by the president and con-
firmed by the senate for terms OF
five years each, may be recalled
at any time by either the senate or
the president.
The control of the meat packing
industry is to be exercised through
a licensing and inspection system,
which will permit the commission to
penalize any conspiracy or agree
ment in restraint of fair competi-
ton, and will permit the enforce
ment of strict and detailed rules
governing the shipment, purchase,
slaughtering, packing and distrilAl-
ton of live stock and meat prod
ucts.
The bill is avowedly an attack
at the big five" packers who are
accused by organized labor of being
partly responsible for the high cost
of living.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
GERMANY TOHOLD
RANCE LIABLE
FOR ALL DAMAGES
Emphatic Note Sent to Charge
d'Affaires in Paris-ItaIy
Agrees With Britain on
Move in Ruhr Valley.

Berlin, April 9.-(By The Asso-
ciated Press.)-The German gov
ernment has forwarded to DR.. Won
Mayer, German charge d'affaires at
Paris, an emphatic note declaring
that Germany will hold France re-
sponsible for all damages and casu-
alties growing out of the occupa-
ton of the cities in Hesse which
French troops have entered.
1t Count Kalnein. who was
killed yesterday near Nieder Volt
stadt, 16 miles north of Frankfort,
was shot by a French patrol, ac-
cording to semi-official dispatch
from Frankfort.
The German regular troops
who : had crossed the river
Ruhr were Withdrawn yesterday to
the northern bank of that stream,
it was announced here. (Thes Ruhr
passes just to the south of Essen, in
the northern central part of the in
dustrial district.)
Officials of the cities of Barmen,
Elberfeld and Dusseldorf, it is
stated, had requested the minister
of defense not to allow the troops
to enter these towns.
Agree With Britain.
London, April o.-Italy's attitude
respecting the French occupation of
Frankfort concurs fully with that
expressed in behalf of Great Britain
in the statement issued last evening,
Vittorio Scialoia, the Italian foreign
minister, stated today.
Signor Scialoia said there had
been no diplomatic exchanges which
would justify the assumption of
France that her action would meet
with Italy's approval.
Washington, April o.-America' S
attitude towards any adjustment OF
the new situation created by the en-
try of French troops into the Ruhr
district of Germany will continue
to be more that of an observer than
an interested participant, from what
can be learned in official circles here.
While recognizing the seriousness
of the situation created by the in
dependent action by France. officials
here were not inclined to regard il
as delicate as the British foreign
office indicated last night. 1t was
regarded as one of those situations
full of potential danger, but in which
the probabilities of adjustment was
predominant.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Voluntary Universal Military
Training as Proposed in Army
Reorganization Bill Adopted,
46 to 9, in the Senate.
MEN between 18 AND
% ELIGIBLE TO COURSE
Many Advocates Of Compul-
sion Vote for New Proposal
Seven Republicans and
Two Democrats in Opposition.

Washington, April o.-Voluntary
instead of compulsory universal mil
itary training as proposed by the
army reorganization bill was adopt
ed today by the senate.
The vote was 46 to 9.
AS adopted the plan, which the
War department is directed to put
in force during the calendar year
1922, provides that all men between
the ages of 18 and % would be
eligible for four months training
in any one year they might select.
Twenty-Five republicans and "a
democrats voted for voluntary train
ing, which was proposed in an
amendment by Senator Frelinghuy-
sen, republican, New Jersey. Among
those were many advocates of COM
pulsory training. Seven republic
ans and two democrats voted in op-
position.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Omaha Railroad Employees
Send Delegates to Special
Session in Bluffs to Decide
Attitude Toward WaIkout.
STRIKERS WEAKENING,
SAYS UNION OFFICIAL
Number Of Men Reported to
Have Returned to Work.
Vote on Proposal to End
Tieup on Northwestern.

Omaha and Council Bluffs switch
men threaten to strike today IN
sympathy with the insurgent walk
out of their craft in Chicago.
The question of a walkout here
now rests with committee of rep
resentatiyes of the employees from
each railroad. Definite vote will be
taken at meeting in Council Bluffs.
Denouncing the Brotherhood of
Railway Trainmen, one of the Big
-Four" switchmen from Omaha and
Council Bluffs formed the new
Omaha and Council Bluffs Yard
mems association Thursday night.
First Bomb" Thrown.
The first meeting of the new as
sociation was held yesterday be-
hind closed doors in the Labor tenn
pie. The Strike" committee was
appointed at this meeting. Names
are withheld.
Sympathy for the insurgent strike
of switchmen now prevalent in II
other cities of the United States is
given as the leading spirit in the
formation of the new organization.
The first bomb" thrown into the
meeting yesterday, which was a
closed session, exploded when Tenn
porary President Bert Parker read
telegram from A. F. Whitney, vice
president of the brotherhood.
Brotherhood Issues Appeal.
The telegram was in the form OF
an appeal to the local switchmen
TO do their duty toward the
brotherhood"
The insurgent strike led by John
Grunau- of Chicago, was denounced
as illegal, by the telegram, which
stated that the strikers could get
no increase in pay, or better work.
ing conditions, in an unlawful way.
Local switchmen must submit
their grievances to labor board OF
arbitration, the telegram demanded.
"All bunkp cried a switchman,
when Mr.. Parker finished reading
the telegram.
Over 200 Present.
Throw away your receipts from
the brotherhood! shouted another.
They never did anything tor US,
and they never will"
Heavy applause greeted this out
burst, and others followed with
snappy speeches by excited switch
men.
More than 200 were present at the
meeting. They had been unable to
attend the maiden session OF the
infant organization in Council Bluffs
Thursday night.
Resolutions adopted at the meet
ing Thursday night were read at
the session yesterday.
Announcement was made that ef-
forts had been inaugurated by the
more radical members Of the out
law" association for an immediate
continued on Page Two. Column Two.)
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
State of Sonora Takes
Charue of Train system

Nogales, Ariz., April 9,-Prior to
the departure of Gov. Adolfo de Ia
Huerta for Hermosillo, the state cap
ital, the government of the state of
Sonora, took charge of the operation
of the Southern Pacific of Mexico
railroad, manning trains with the
strikers themselves and paying them
the wages and conceding the hours
demanded in the complaint of the
Nainmen against the road.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Increased Pay for Navy
Men Said to Be Necessary

Washington, April 9.-Congress
must increase the pay of both Off
GERS and men if the navy is to be
saved from Disaster Rear Admiral
Washington. chief of the bureau of
navigation, declared today before the
senate committee investigating the
Sims-Daniels row.
Foreign countries have increased
the pay in their navies, he said, add
ing:
II understand the increases abroad
are being paid largely with money
borrowed from the United States"
Not only are the men leaving. Ad-
niral Washington said, but recruit
ing is on the decline because OF low
pay.
The officer situation also is very
bad" the admiral said.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Prince Highly Pleased
With His Reception;
Sails for Honolulu

San Diego, April 9.-The British
cruiser Renown steamed away from
its berth off Coronado shortly after
o'clock Thursday night carrying
Edward, prince of Wales, towards
Honolulu, on the next leg of his trip
from England to Australia by the
PJnama canal.
The prince was. according TO his
reiterated statements, highly pleased
with the reception accorded him
during his stay of two days in this
port.
He devoted much of the day to
rest and recreation, playing a round
of golf prior to reception aboard
the Renown.
During this event he greeted
many, if not all, of the guests per-
sonally, and aided his officers in see
ing,that all those present had an op
portunity to view the vessel and
learn something of its workings and
equipment. The reception, which
lasted an hour, was the closing
event of the princes stay.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Salvador Proposes
Alliance Without
u. S. Representation

Washington, April o.-(By The
Associated Press. .)-After receiving
the State departments interpreta-
ton of the Monroe doctrine, the
congress of Salvador adopted de-
cree proposing a Latin-American al
lance with the United States ex-
cluded.
The decree also proposed aboli-
ton of the Pan-American union,
with headquarters in Washington,
the Central American court of JUS
tice and the international court OF
arbitration. The United States was
instrumental in the organization OF
the union and two courts.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Senate Committee Orders
Probe of NeWberrY Election

Washington. April 9.-The senate
elections committee ordered a full
and immediate investigation of the
Ford-Newberry election by the sub
committee of which Senator Wat
son, republican, of Indiana, is chair
man, and which will be appointed for
the purpose of recounting the bal
lofts cast in Michigan for both can.
didates.
The motion to extend the sub
committee authority, offered by Sem
ator Kenyon, republican, Iowa, d.
rects "a full investigation of all the
charges, counter charges, matters
and things" involved in the con.
test
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Detroiter Sure Pershing
Will Be G. 0. P. Nominee

Washington, April 9.-Walter F.
Howard of Detroit Thursday told a
group of men in the lobby of the
New Willard that he could tell in
just 55 words what will happen at
the national republican convention,
Here are the S. words:
"The convention will go along
balloting fruitlessly for couple of
days. Then somebody will mention
Pershing. Suddenly the convention
will come to the conclusion that
Pershing is its best asset The man
who pulled America out OF the hole
when civilization trcmbled in the
balance will pull the republican party
out of the deadlock
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Second Yukon Gold
Boom Punctured By
Small Sharp Stone

Chicago Tribune-Omaha Bee Leased Wire.
Chicago, April "a small, sharp
edged stone punctured bicycle tire
and elaborate plans for an invasion
of the Yukon, the opening of a new
bonanza, perhaps the slaughter of a
few Indians.
Robert Madgett, aged IA, and Ar
thur Larson, II, were the potential
Klondike invaders. These youthful
sourdoughs mushed out of Chicago
yesterday northbound on the long
trail. Until such time as they might
acquire dog teams, they travelled on
bicycles.
At Glencoe their tire exploded
with loud report. Meanwhile a
pair of frantic mothers had sent out
a general alarm and a motorcycle
cop had taken up the trail. He over
took the embyro gold miners, and
escorted them back to the city.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Judge Won't Accept
$4,000 Jury Award;
Case to Be Retired

Judge Woodrough in the United
States district court yesterday re-
fused to accept the verdict of jury
awarding $4,500 to Edward Maple.
73 years old, in a suit for personal
damages against the Union Pacific
railroad company.
"Five hundred dollars would seem
to be ample in this case" the Judge
told the jury yesterday morning.
Attorneys for Maple refused to
accept $500 and the case will be tried
again.
Maple, a resident Of North Bend,
arriving there from Fremont sew
eral months ago, alleged in his COM
plant the railroad company refused
to provide a stool to assist him in
a1ighting from a train with the re-
suit that he was seriously injured.
He asked $25,000 damages.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Break Between Carranza
And Huerta .Averted

Aqua Prieta, Sonora, Mex, April
9-The military here today an
rounced that 1,500 state troops sent
to the Sonora-Sinaloa boundary line
to intercept any attel pit on the part
of Gen. Manuel Dieguez to invade
the state with Carranza forces have
been recalled by the De la Huerta
administration, the threatened break
between De la Huerta and President
Carranza having been averted
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Urge More Cooperation
Of Farmers and MiIIerS

Chicago, April 9.-Co-operation
between farmers and millers in
stimulating production and increas-
ing the home market was recon-
mended at the annual convention
of the millers' national federation.
Declaring that large amount of
grain was shipped abroad that could
be milled in the United States, F. H.
Price of New York urged that
-four millers announce and operate
terminal warehouse where -four
could be stored and delivered to
steamers by mechanical convey
ances, and that millers make their
own charters with steamship COM
panies.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Report American Writer
Executed in Finland

Chicago, April 9.-An unconfirmed
report that John Reed, magazine
writer, had been executed in Finland
has been received here, Lloyd B.
Heth, assistant district attorney, an
nounced. Reed is under indictment
here, charged with conspiracy to
advocate the overthrow of the gov
crnment by force.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Judge Bars Evidence From
Nv. W. Trials at Tombstone

Tombstone, Ariz., April o.-Evi-
dence regarding acts, writings or
conduct of the Industrial Workers
of the World outside of the Warren
mining district, and not relating to
conditions in the district, will not
be admissible in the trial of Harry
E. Wootton, charged with kidnap-
ing, Judge Samuel l.. Pattee, presid-
ing, ruled.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
No Contest In Pennsylvania
Primary Election May 18

Harrisburg, Pa, April 9.-There
will be no contest on either the re-
publican or democratic presidential
preference ballot in Pennsylvania at
the primary election May 18. The
time for filing petitions expired at
midnight last night and the records
show that A. Mitchell Palmer's name
will be the only one on the demo-
cratic ballot and that of Edward
Randolph Wood, a retired business
man of Philadelphia, will be the sole
nomination on the republican ticket.
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Kitchin Suffers Slight Stroke

Washington, April 9.-Represen-
tative Kitchin of North Carolina,
democratic leader in the last con-
gress, suffered a slight stroke of
paralysis on the right side today
soon after delivering a speech in the
house opposing the republican peace
resolution
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
Meat Cutters Call Strike
To Enforce "CIoSed Shop

Sioux City, Ia, April "a gem
eral strike of butchers and meat
cutters employed in retail markets
was called today to enforce union
demands for ''closed shop" Pick
cts were stationed i'll front of most
of the downtown markets,
Omaha daily bee., 1920-04-10
The Weather

Forecast.
Fair and warmer Saturday.
Hourly Temperatures.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
BIG SPRING

wish to correct a mistake ! made
last week 1t was Is gollons OF cream
instead of IS pounds that Mrs. Jim
Norris saved in three weeks.
]. L. Norris spent several days last
week at Hardinsburg, having been
summoned there for the petit jury.
Ed and Schuyler Martin went to
Brandenburg, last Wednesday.
Miss Williams offered prize to the
one who attended school every day,
during the session Miss Ruby Norris
received it. She lives about mile
from town. -,
Mrs. Joe Bewley has been very i'll
but is slowly improving.
3. S. Clarkson was home Sunday.
Mr.. Ed Martin and Miss Halle Will
liams, Stiths Valley, were married,
Saturday afternoon at Vine Grove by
Rev. Baker.
The pupils of Miss Williams rend-
cred their parts nicely at the enter
tainment given Friday afternoon. ..
Cottage prayer meeting will be held
at the home of Mrs. J. H. Meador,
Wednesday evening.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
HARMED

Mrs. B. +. Gray went to Covel, Ill,
Tuesday to be with her daughter, Mrs.
Eugene Purcell and family, who have
influenza.
Mrs. Frank Compton and children,
OF Cloverport, visited friends here last
week.
Mr.. David Penick left Wednesday
for Bowling, where he and his family
will spend the winter.
Rev Roe filled his regular appoint
ment at the Methodist church, Sun
day.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bowmer Smith and
Marion Smith. of Lodiburg, were
guests of relatives here last week
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Weathertord
were in Louisville. last week.
Mr. and Mrs. Will Jolly OF Nc
Ouady, visited Mr. and Mrs. Milt Tate
Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Sherdie Basham and
little daughter, Mildred, left Wednes-
day for Kappa. Ill, where they will
reside. They are Jealous workers IN
Gods service and will be greatly miss
ed here
The following deals in real estate
were made here Wednesday; Clint
Davis traded a small farm near here
to Joe Smith for his property here in
town Albert Tucker purchased a
house and lot from Rev. w. r. Old
ham. Rev Oldham then purchased the
Smith property from Clint Davis.
The property and household goods
OF Willis Payne, deceased was sold
here Wednesday, The property was
n,rchaSed nv Wilson Davis
Roy Mccoy, who has had influenza
is improving.
c. NJ. Payne went to Hardinsburg'
Thursday and Friday to teach in the
place of Prof Shultz. who was i'll.
Arba Tucker, Of Nook, visited rela-
tives here Thursday night.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18

Paul Compton, Of Louisville, has
returned after a short visit with his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. M. p. Compton.
Miss Emma Lou Norman, of Glen
Dean, was here Friday the guest OF
relatives.
Mrs. ]. f. Kincheloe, who has been
the guest OF relatives in Cloverport,
has returned
Mr.. Andrew Driskell, who closed
his school at McQuady, Wednesday
has returned
Mrs. Margaret Murray and daugh-
ter, Miss Margaret Rodman, left Sat
urday for Louisville.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Smith and
family have moved to Louisville
Rev. ]. +. Knue, of McQuady, was
here Saturday.
Miss Eleanor Robertson was the
guest OF her aunt, Mrs. John Owen,
OF Glen Dean, the weekend.
James Wright and sister, Miss May
Wright, of McQuady, entered High
School here, Monday
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
BEWLEYVILLE

Mrs. Mary Beauchamp, who has
spent the winter with her sisters, Mrs.
Ella Compton and Miss Tena Jordan,
returned Friday to her home at
Mystic.
Rep r. J. Cain and Don Cain came
home Thursday from Frankfort, Tor
a few days stay.
Miss Dorothy Cain has returned
home after few days stay i'll Frank
fort. with her father, Rep, r. J. Cain.
Mrs. w. w. Keith has been on the
sick list.
DR.. A. NJ Hardaway. of Minot, N.
D.. came Monday to attend the fun
eral of his father, Mr.. I. p. Harda-
way. He returned home that alter
noon.
Mrs. d. c Moorman, of Glen
Dean. Mr.. and Mrs. Glen Hardaway
and children, W. c., Jr., and Dolph
Bunger. of West Point. Mrs. I. p,
Peyton. of Hardinsburg and Ernest
Hardaway, of Louisville attended the
funeral of their father, Mr.. Harda-
way. Mr. Hardaway was life long
resident of this community and vii
be greatly missed in the church and
in the community.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ben L. Stith arrived
here Friday from PASADENA, Cal They
will remain here for few weeks visit
then go to their new home near Craw-
louisville, Ind.
Miss Laura Nell Stith spent Friday
night with Mrs. c. d. Hardaway.
Little Garland Gross has been sick
but glad to report him better.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
NEWS FROM
THE COUNTY
HARDINSBURG

Mrs. ]. w. Trent and children, of
Greendale, are visiting her parents,
MIR. and Mrs. Lee Walls
c. f. Haswell. of Louisville, was
here Wednesday,
Mrs. s A. Pate, of Fleetwood,
has returned after a short visit with
Mr.. and Mrs. II. NJ Beard.
+. f. Lewis left Wednesday for
Akron, O.. where he has accepted a
position.
Mrs. Sarah Snyder, of Woodrow
who has been the guest of relatives
has returned.
p. NJ. Beard has returned from a
business trip to Lexington.
Atty. John p. Haswell. of Louis
vile, attended Court here last week
Mrs. James Waggoner, of Garfield
is visiting her mother, Mrs. julia
Payne
VIM Cannon has returned after a
months stay in Kansas City, Kans,.
Mr.. T. Sheeran, of Flaherty, has
returned after a visit with his brother
Dennie Sheeran. and Mrs. Sheeran.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. LeGrand, OF Gar
field, who has been the guests OF Mrs
LeGrand's sister, Mrs. ID. ID. Dowell
and Mr. Dowell have returned.
d. u. Davis has returned iron
Detroit. Mich.
Misses Jessie and Mabel Hamilton
of Owensboro, are the guests OF Miss
Frances Grause.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
FRYMIRE

We are glad to report Mrs. S. J.
Brashear much better at this writing.
Several from here attended the sale
at Russell Pendeleton's near Shiloh,
last Saturday.
Vertis Sketo spent the weekend
with L S. >Brashear.
Mr.. O. NJ Wheeler and sister, Miss
Ida, spent several days last week with
Mr.. and Mrs. Paris Barr.
Eugene Pollock was in Louisville,
last week selling his tobacco.
Miss Fannie Bruner. who has been
suffering for the last two weeks with
severe cold is some better.
Mrs. T. K Cart and two children,
Elroy Scott and Mabel Franklin,
spent last Saturday and Sunday with
Mr.. and Mrs. Scott Cart.
Mr.. Paris Barr. who broke his limb
on Xmas day, we are glad to report
improving slowly.
Claude +. Dodson was in Hardins-
burg, Monday having dental work
done and spent Monday eve with Yer
tbs Sketo. of Lodiburg.
r Bruner shipped a two year old
heifer last week to Louisville, weigh
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18

Mr. w. f. Compton, travelling sal
esman, was the weekend guest OF his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. T. ]. Compton.
Mrs. Bob Mattingly, of Owensboro,
spent several days last week with her
sister, Mrs. B. f. Payne, who has
been i'll but is better.
Miss Matte Lee Rhodes was the
Saturday and Sunday guest OF Miss
Ossie Payne.
Mr.. and Mrs ]. M. Rhodes were in
Louisville, several days last week on
business.
Miss Ossie Payne was in Irvington,
Monday, shopping.
Mr.. Ress, Of Adler Mfg. Co, was in
this town, Friday h1
Mrs Ernest Poll is in Hardinsburg
this week visiting friends and rela-
tives.
Mr.. S. M. Haynes. Tie Inspector,
for the L. II. & ST. L. r. r., was in
town this week inspecting ties.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18
FORD DEALERS OF STATE TO
HOLD MEETING, FEB. 90.

Ford dealers who receive their cars
through the Louisville agency, of
whom there are 1876 in Kentucky, part
of Indiana and Tennessee, will hold
dinner meeting at The Seelbach.
Thursday evening, February 26, in
Louisville
Albert L. Terstegge, acting presi-
dent of the Louisville Automobile
Club, will address the meeting on
pending legislation. c. A. Brownell,
Detroit advertising manager of the
Ford Motor Company. will speak.
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18

Mrs. ]. c. Payne went to Leitchheld
Saturday to visit Mr.. and Mrs VIII
Thomas
Mr.. and Mrs. Hollie Neafus are on
the sick list. Miss Haskell, Louisville,
is in attendance.
Mrs. Mary Heston, Hardinsburg at
tended the funeral of her granddaugh-
ter, Miss Susie Thomas Payne, on
Wednesday the 18th.
The Methodist revival closed Sun
day evening
Mr.. and Mrs. Dolph Springate left
Saturday for Indianapolis. where he
will go in the Produce business
The Breckenridge news. (Cloverport, Ky.) 1876-1955, 1920-02-18

Mr.. Owen Parks sold to Beard
Bros one team OF mules considera-
ton $685..
Mr.. J. NJ. Rhodes was in Hardins-
burg, Thursday on business.
Mr.. Tuen Eckhart, of New Albany,
was in town this week buying legs
for the Ohio River Log Co., New
Albany, Ind.
Miss Ava eastman spent several
DAYS last week with Miss Matte Lee
Rhodes
Miss Lena Tabor spent several days
last week with her sister, Mrs. Earl
Payne.
Mr.. William Prout. OF Louisville,
spent the weekend with his aunt.
Miss Lizzie Hall.