davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
THE SLAVE ON THE FARM.
A Theory That Fortune Is With the
Hired Man, Not the Owner.


To THE SUN AND NEW YORK HERALD:
One Of your correspondents, who signed
himself "Sixty-five," asked II there was
ever a satisfied farmer Now 1t Is quite
evident "Sixty-flve" Is not familiar with
farm conditions; can he tell when the
field laborer was the slave?
N.Y. experience teaches me that the
only slave on the fruit farm is the
owner, who as a rule goes to work at
o'clock and works until Z at night
working twelve hours. while the hired
man begins at and quits at 8, work.
ing ten hours. The hired man has his
three meals a day and no one to ques-
ton how much he may eat he knows
how much money he is to get for his
labor and he gets II. But the owner
does not know what he Is to get.
I know by experience the truth Of
what am saying. + have more than
once worked a field Of strawberries the
whole season; then in the fall paid SO
a ton for manure to cover them through
the winter, and paid 2la cents a quart
for picking them, ~ cents for freight.
carriage and commission, and then had
them so'' in New York for Ave cents
a quar- have also had plenty of
peaches id in New York for so cents
a baske. freight, carriage and commits
sion to come out of that. Other fruits
have given similar results.
would like "Sixty-five" to have
little OF this experience. J.R. w.
MnToN, April II.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
U. s. SHIP OWNERS PROTEST.
Want American Agencies Estab.
lIsAed at Hamburg.

Following its protest against the ac-
ceptance Of the Hamburg American line
as exclusive agent of any American
steamships on routes from the port OF
Hamburg, the American Steamship
Owners Association, of which II. H.
Raymond is president. has sent q letter
to Admiral Benson. chairman Of the
United States Shipping Board. urging
that the board aid American shipping
companies to establish their own
agencies at Hamburg.
"Our recent protest to the board
against acceptance of tho intensely Ger
man and alien Hamburg-American Com.
pany as exclusive agent for United
States companies operating American
steamships on tt-s Hamburg routes was
fundamentally due to an earnest desire
to--keep our new American shipping
entirely in American control" says the
letter, I'VE arc convinced from our
knowledge of the history and methods
of the Hamburg-AmerlcaI management
that II It Is allowed to 'burrow in TO the
new American merchant marine In any
way. and burrow IN to Washington.
loss of part of our own control over
our merchant fleet will be inevitable,
and there viii be cause for deep regret
on the part Of our Government and OUT
people"
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
MINORITY COERCION.
Would Strikes Cease II They Were
Recognized as COnsplraciesl

To THE SUN AND NEW York ERALo
Why all this chaos in commercial and
social conditions when q simple recognl-
ton OF the obvious fact that a strike
Is a conspiracy would make the domi-
nation OK many by few impossible?
A conspiracy Is defined as combi-
nation of persons to accomplish an evil
purpose Surely violations of contracts
and such widely suspended conditions
OF traffic and minority coercion should
not be regarded as a good purpose. II
minority coercion be democracy. 1t Is
time to look up some other form Of
government.
Australia has no strikes because a
strike has been wisely made Illegal.
Truly we have the best country in the
world, but we must not say anything
about the government
JAMES RIcALroN.
MAPLEwooD, N. j.. April IT.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
AN INCOME TAX PUZZLE,
why Should a Curate's Keep Cost
More Than Bringing Up q SOnG

To THE SUN AND NEW YORK HERALD ::
read with great interest the letter
In which a father discussed the income
tax exemption allowed for dependent
in its relation to the actual cost of
bringing up a son. would also like
to call attention to one Of the incon-
sistencies of the provisions Of the income
tax law. that of the regulation which
compels curates to add $500 to the ac-
tual income as the cost of their board
and keep.
I know one instance in which a
curate in one Of the parishes here re-
ceives as his salary $500 yearly and Is
obliged In his report to add to that $500
more, together~with any gratuities he
may receive in the course of his duties,
for his maintenance at the 4arish house,
and report 1t as income In fact he has
paid income tax several times Now, II
the Government charges him with $500
as the cost of his board and keep, how
can II consistently ask father or other
head Of a family to clothe and board a
dependent for only $500 annually?
W. H. SEARLs.
EAST ORANGE, N. j.. April II.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19

prived them OF the opportunities their
initiative and enterprise sought 1t
is this unattraetiFeness of the Fed
efAl and State services which renders
GOvernmant operation Of public utili-
tIes unsatisfactory, lethargic and un-
responsive to demands for adjustment
10 changed conditions. "a,
The Post Office Is the oldest utility
managed by Government. II has a
monopoly In Its worldwide field. Many
gifted men have devoted their best
thought and effort to its betterment.
Thousands of faithful and dilIgent
employees labor under its direction
daily. Yet despite all Its manifest
advantages the Post Office is not the
model employer 1t should be; 1t is
not the courageous innovator 1t should
be; 1t is not, rs 1t should be, the in
stitution to which all other employers
look for guidance and inspiration.
It's failure to perform its normal
functions better than 1t does, its in,
ability to keep all the able men who
hopefully enter 1t believing 1t offers
the chance they seek for life occupa-
lions, are the result of the dead hand
Of political management, which, wher-
ever 1t rests, crushes ambition, spirit
and initiative.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Potato Shortage Threatened.

To TIE SUN AND NEW York HERALD
Cannot something be done to aid the
New Jersey and Long Island farmers
in getting the seed potatoes through
from Maine?
Probably the farmers Of this county,
Monmouth, N. j.. have 800 cars on the
track between Maine and here. II the
seed potatoes are not received in the
next ten days 1t win be too late for this
years. planting. with the result that next
fall and winter there will be a great
shortage .of potatoes.
The farmers have large quantities Of
fertilizer on hand for the potatoes, which
cannot be used for anything else but in
a small way. Altogether 1t means a
great loss to this county and the peo-
pie later on. RICHARD w. HERBERT.
FREEHOLD, N. J., April II.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19

button OF State and Church lands and
Of lntds not proper' cultlyatea has
produced satisfactory results
As IN the case Of al European
countries. Poland has been crippled 10
the natter Of transportation. When
the new State assumed charge Of the
railways last year II found that much
Of the rolling stock had been taken
away by the Russians and Germans.
1iat Poland to-day has regular ser
vice over every mile of road In the
country despite the urgent demands
made by the army speaks well for the
executive ability OF ~" railway man
agements. It viii l. c to improve
this service further with the railroad
equipment and locomotives recently
purchased In this country and now
being shipped TO Poland.
The United States has also mnte-
rally aided In the reestablishment OF
the important textile industry Of the
country by furnishing a sBppT OF
cotton to the mills at LodE and
Warsaw. Prince LUBoMIRsKI has a
thorough understanding Of the seri-
ousIy complicated industrial problems
Of Poland, but at the same time he
expresses confidence in the plan of
the present Minister Of Finance to
meet these problems. One reason for
Prince LBoMIIsKI's faith IN the In
dustrial future of Poland > founded
on the nations wealth Of natural re-
sources, its mines of coal, zinc and
lead and its rich forest reserves,
worth more" he says, than the
national debt" Another reason is
his fnith in the frugal and industri-
Gus peasant farmers who are willing
to work for their own and their coun-
try's advancement.
The chief external peril to Poland
seems to be the Soviet armies on her
eastern border. The menace Of this
force has, however, united all the
Polish factions, and Prince LUBoMIR-
SKI says that the nation now has an
effective army of 100000 men. The
Poles have met the Soviet army so
far only on the line which they
claim as their boundary before the
first Polish partition in 1772. They
have held their enemy here 10
check. Despite the superior force that
It is said Soviet Russia can throw
against them the Polish troops share
the faith of their military command
ers that they will be capable of sue
eessfully meeting TRoTzKY'S army and
Of building up on this eastern frontier
bulwark against the western ad-
vance of Bolshevism.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19

serves them, believing they may 4 bet
ter be ignored for while when NJ hqy
appear unnecessary than abo lih he'd
with the possibility that occaSIo d may
arise on which they will be NJ III ntly
needed. .st,
Iconoclasts who deliberately ,seS out
to present substitutes for the lin ST fu.
menmlltles Of public regulation ~ Which
irk them In their zeal for bettG ri things
find the simple question, "A nd, what
thenT written large befO % them
whichever way they turn.
To raze an edlhce gener w Ions OF
men have reared In toll of 4 mind and
body looks simple en- o, Ugh task,
but 1t is not. The wrec ~ r Is sure
to be startled out Of his q Amplacency
by the far reaching une xpected ef-
fects Of removing only IA single beam
or stringer. To erect: . mother insti-
tuition In its place is y iot an under
taking for individuals II but for gener-
atlons; not the occuI n tlon of to-day
and Of tomorrow, bu of all that
portion of eternity + has pleased Con
to allOt 10 the worl 1n1n.
Those who denoI Hnc,. most violently
the shortcomings IND the failures of
man-made sovernmeS~ses may be al
truistlc, or they may be lazy. Altru-
lists are lik ely to he state when they
face square ~ the, CO nsequences Of de-
molltion an ArecunS .ruction of the fab
ric whose faults and weaknesses
arouse theiltresrsni ment, and to select
"A small ccrGer IN which they can
spend thei't sti enlyth and zeal with
fair prospAtt 4 accomplishing lit
tie towardSoett eringsthings
The lazy fe llows-the fellows who
lack the EgrIt and the strength and
the win sand fhe energy to climb over
or dig d ndet .'or crawl around the OBJ.
stacle 5 wrp th lie in the paths of all
of MS ~ 90 rot take the trouble to find
out M retl significance of what they
talk ts'p violently about. Their denun-
'ciati br ls SIRE really confessions of their
ince pa Aiy or cowardice. They can
not nj Get the issues life poses for all
of as, and their verbosity is actually
tn E rt fuge of their weakness.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Low Census Figures.

- The Census Bureau may have in
isndeo to prepare some of our fellow
titize1 Is for disappointing news when
At Sc Mt out last weeks bulletin re-
cord ing a slowing down in the growth
Of t he 42S cities for which the COM
pila tion of population figures had
bee finished.
in these cities the increase in pop
nh ltion between 1910 and 1920 was
II 21.9 per cent, compared with an
\ In crease of 2S.4 per cent. for the
I neriod 19OO-1910. Basic reasons
10 re given for the decline, among them
\ n falling off of more than 100000
y1hn immigration during the decade.
\ If the percentage Of growth for
these cities is an index Of the growth
\ of continental United States the num-
ber of inhabitants will fall below
some of the estimates which have
obtained wide acceptance.
The census or 1917 mace the pOpu-
| lation Of continental United States
91,S72,266. The Census Bureaus
estimate of this population in 1918
was 105,253,3OO, and unofficial
, estimates put it at 106,S71,2S4
for 1919. The popular belief has
been that the census Of 1920 would
show at least 11O,OOO,OOO persons.
kBut the rate of growth Of the cities
, counted indicates q population Of
only about 106,000,000.
War conditions, and especially war
industries, made unprecedented shifts
. in the population. The complete re-
turns may show results entirely diff
ferent from those already recorded.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Tactics Of the Strikers.

To THE SUN AND New York HERALD
AZ the Indignation meeting in the AS
sociation Hall, Caldwell, N. J.. on Tues
day night. one of the striking firemen
informed the meeting that the Esch-
Cummins bill put worker in slavery
and forced" him to work for corpora
tion.
There Is no law that forces a man to
work for. anybody against his will
On the other hand, a loyal brother
hood engineer told us that at a meeting
in Paterson the outlaw strikers told him
that II he did net Join their ranks he
would not hold his Job as.engineer.
Is there any record Of an employer
threatening a man who refused to work
for him to prevent his getting work
elsewhere? II. BRocKELBANK.
CALDWELL, n. j., April II.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Governments Are Not Easy to Pull
Down and Very 'Har'l to Build Up.

Senator LUsK and Id 3 colleagues Of
the legislative commit tee investigat-
ing revolutionary prep aganda In New
York State sat NJ the ,Aldermen's
chamber In City Hal y from 1890 A.
NJ. until IL NJ. ono day recently to
listen to citizens SUD gest possible Inn
provements In COVE rnment methods.
The hearing bad ! Oeen well adver-
tised. There isRa \ 'ealth of dissatis-
faction over tile WI y public business
Is conducted. Yet only one reformer
put In an appear1 nee. and the testi-
mony she gave 70 corded unrest and
did not corrtritptth Importantly to con-
structlve legtslatfs.i a.
The reastn ~ not hard to find.
A governm snt, whatever its form,
represents lot d ,e happy inspiration
of a momer It, b. 1t the slow develop
ment Of years Of hard experience,
shared by aaIiy men Of many minds.
The most seea-a ,ngly cumbersome and
useless institute ons grew out of actual
necessities. 1S mes changes may make
them seem, anf .chronisms, but no man
can be srhe I hey have lost their po-
tency fcE - ,od, and human kind.
wisely fogs~g cvative by instinct, pre-
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
How the Mail Train Was Held Up nj
Port JervlS.

To THE SUN AND NEW YORK HERALD !:
AS a citizen of Port Jervis I wish to
make emphatic protest to the editorial
article which you published concerning
the alleged strike disturbances at Fort
Jervis. There Is not @ scintllla Of fact
on which to base such a statement
There was no 'mob Of 400 persons"
when the train was abandoned in Port
Jervis Sunday afternoon. The striking
railroad men simply left the train. and
that was all there was to it. Our police
department and the Erie officers have
the situation we'll in hand. No one here
has ever thought Of calling out the
militia. The railroad men themselves
are quiet and orderly, and. SO far Gs
can be learned. no act of violence has
been committed by the strikers.
MARK v. RIcHARDs.V
PORT .1rRus, N. Y, April II.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Saving o Billion Dollars.

Senator SMooT's proposal to re-
organize all the Government depart
ments on q sound business basis may
easily save the country a billion dol
lars year. There Is nothing like
that sum to be dumped out Of the
payrolls, heavily as they are over
loaded. There Is nothing like 1t to be
squeezed out of the leaky spots In
the bureau petty cash, much as now
drips away. Nevertheless, the colos-
sal wastes flooding out the country
over all get back to those depart
mentS. They are caused by the heed
less way the departments ask Con-
gress for money. They are caused by
the indulgent way Congress gives
them the noney. They are caused by
the riotouS way they spend 1t.
The United States Government in
It's conduct of the public affairs of
the greatest and richest nation in
the world ought to be operated like
a sound business proposition; but the
United States Government, whether
estimating, planning, appropriating or
spending. is anything but sound
business proposition. 1t is a go-as-
you-plo"Se scramble Of incompetence,
extrayu .ance and Squander. The de-
partmcnts do not work out their pro-
gran1mes Of expenditures wisely and
scientifically as a successful business
man must work out his. Congress,
the appropriating power, does not allot
the money asked Of it In the care
and discrimination sound business
house must use in providing for its
expenditures. The executive depart
ments, as the final spending power,
do not spend their appropriations
when they get them as a sound busi-
ness man expends his II he wants to
keep out Of the poorhouse.
Men who do not know how to allo
money for a given cause and mel
who do not know how to spend It
so as to get the best and biggest re-
suits are the cOstliest factors In busi-
ness for the stockholders or the part
ners. In government they are the
costliest factors for the American
people. 1t isn't that the Government
administrators are honest; they
are. 1t isn't that I'll want to bank
rupt the Treasury; they don't want to.
1t isn't that they don't care what hap
pens to the pockets of the American
people; they are sorry about 1t. But
they simply don't know how to corr
duct the business of the Government
as it ought to be conducted.
Saving a billion dollars a year
looks like a whale of a contract, but
it isn't-when it's the Governments s..
If Senator SMooT's plan goes
through so that the public's money
will be asked for ON a sound business
basis, will be appropriated on a sound
business basis and will be spent on
a sound business basis 1t can be
worth to the American people not
merely q billion dollars a year; in
the long run, at the breakneck speed
we have been going, it might be
worth billions.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
DOnnipH the Denim! !

Attention. Attention!
Ye slaves of convention!
Arouse ye, oh, sad sycophants
'Tis time to get busy
And drive tallors dizzy
And throw off the shackles OF pants!
The suitings called "nobby'
That once were your hobby;
The set OF the shoulders. the roll
OF collar and lapel
No longer shall grapple
Your mind and raise doubt In your soul
The. checks and the stripings,
The findings and pipings.
The herringbones, serges and such.
May rise, yea, and rocket,
But calmly your pocket
Refuses to cape at the touch!
The bushelmen, benchmen,
The cross legged henchmen,
Before whom you wrlthed in despair,
Now foiled at your revels,
Shall seek lower levels
And never arise more for airi
The denim we're donning,
The overalls onning.
While merrily pealeth the chime
But lay in stock quick
Or you'll get shock quick,
For denim Is due for climb
MAURICE morris.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19

The statement of conditions in Po-
land made by Prince CAsIMIR LU-
BoMIRsKL the Polish Minister at
Washington, in his recent visit to this
city shows a gratifying progress in the
efairs Of the new State This is espe-
cially apparent when one takes into
consideration the fact that the Repub-
lie Of Poland has come into existence
only since the armistice and that the
first few months Of Its life were torn
by internal political strife and much
time was Wnsted through lack of de-
cision on g6Sernm ltal policies.
According to Prince LUBcmRsKr
this era Of indecision has passed and
the people now are united under 2
strong leadership and are governed
by a constitutional council which
they eEselves have chosen. The
State has clearly defined admins
tratlon policy for the repression even
by stern measures Of such anarchical
outbreaks as marked some Of the
early days1of the new State and also
for the combating of Rolshevist in
fiuences from Russia.
A legislative programme had been
approved and Is being carried out
One Of the provisions is for the mo-
alfEdtlon of the States industries
and for a code Of labor laws and o
system Of workingmen's ir france
Snecial regard has been pai the
division Of the farming land for n
large portion Of the population Is en-
gagged in agricultural pursuits, and
provision has been made for the pur-
chase of certain property from the
owners and its sale in small parcels
to those who will convert It into
farms aud gardens.- The first distri-
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
A Chronological Memorandum.

The Esch- Cummins bill providing
new governmental machinery for the
adjustment of wage disputes In the
railroad system became law on Feb
ruary %.
The so-called OUTLAW" strike began
in Chicago on April and has been
rife in different parts of the country
since that time and until now.
During this time there had been no
movement on the part Of the Execu-
tive to obey the law by the nomina-
ton of the members Of the board
which the law established for the
purpose which became urgent when
the strike spread,
On April Senator Mccormick Of
Illinois introduced his resolution for
un investigation of the Presidents
delay by the Senate Committee on
Interstate Commerce,
On the same day, April s, 1t was
reported In the news dispatches for
Washington that Secretary TUMULTY
had collected all available informa-
ton concerning the strike and pre-
sented it to the President" 1t was
also reported that much anxiety
over the situation" was felt by
Government officials"
On April II it was reported that
Attorney General PALMER, who had
been making speeches in the South
! in the interest of his own campaign
for the Democratic nomination for
President, would return to his post of
duty on April IL and take up the
strike situation" 7-.' 4
! On April 13 the President sent to
the Senate his nominations for the
nine members Of the Railway Labor
Board established by the Esch- Cum
minis law, effective on and after Feb
ruary %.
On April Il the President discussed
with the members of his Cabinet the
strike situation at the first Cabinet
meeting held since last summer, IN
der his auspices, and with his ap-
proval. Meeting people" according
to Admiral and Doctor GRAYsoN, was
beneficial to the Presidents health.
We present the chronology Of the
episode without comment other than
that which is suggested by this in
evltable question:
Whose statistical genius is enter
prising enough and fearless enough to
compute, even in approximate totals,
the cost in money to the railroads and
to the taxpayers and to the COM
n1erce Of the country, and the cost in
human health and life to the innocent
sufferers by the strike, of these forty
six days Of Executive failure to exc
cute the provision OF the Esch- Cum
minis law?
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
Former Service Men Volunteer.

To THE SUN AND New YORK HERALD
At q meeting of the 3OSth Infantry Post
of the American Legion, held April IS
1920, the following resolution was passed
and the secretary instructed to forward
1t to the proper authorities:
Be It resolved. That the 30Sth IN
fantry Post OF the Amsrican Legion
goes on record as being willing to CO.
operate with municipal. State or ma
tional governmental agencies in pre-
serving order and insuring means Of
livelihood to the citizens OF the city,
State and nation by the movement Of
foodstuffs.
JAMES M BLACKWELL,
New YORK, April II. Secretary.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-04-19
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