The Chattanooga news. [volume] (Chattanooga, Tenn.) 1891-1939, 1920-10-28
.LEAGyE CAN'T CIR Err
AMERICA TO FIGHT
One Of the Drafters Of the
Covenant Explains It's
Vital Provisions.

New Yoris.--(N n. Ay--The notion
that the league OF nations can have
any power 10 send American troops
to war Is characterized AZ "cam.
paign dslusion born OF political hcces-
slty" by David Hunter Miller. who waa
an expert advisor TO tho American
peace commission In Paris with j. d.
Hurst. OF the British foreign Office. Mr..
Miller drew up the final draft OF tho
covenant OF the league OF nations.
Miller recently returned from Eu-
rope. where he has been studying con-
ditlons and observing the Development
and operation OF the league OF nations.
lie - a prominent member OF the New
york bar, and during the war served as
| special assistant In the state depart-
ment, He first went 70 Paris soon
after the armistice as a member Of
the mission OF Col. e. M. House.
A Campaign Dsluslon.
| THE Idea that the league OF nations
any portion OF the military forces Of
the United states 10 engage In foreign
wars, or any other wars Is CAM
paign delugion born Of political noces-
sity.' Mr.. Miller said yesterday. ANY
man who seriously. put forward any
would he laughed at II Il could ia
him
Everyone has heard Of the Preach
proposal at Paris to add clause to
the covenant providing that the league
military force. The French idea was
that for the protection OF France and
81 any country similarly situated, &c
France, some sort OF International
military force was necessary. The pro-
posai was not accepted, but how ah-
IN. kx4o ka
the league had power 70 direct the
American army and the British navy
10 engage In war.
I'm the official commentary OF the
swiss government regarding Article X
OF the covenant. Il In said.
The oounsii according 70 this ar
ticle may elvo only counsel (advice)
and not direct orders
'Thia official commentary Of tho
Swiss government was made up for the
purpose OF advising the Swiss people
as 70 the exact meaning Of the covenant
In advance OF their plebiacite an 10 thc
entry OF Switzerland Into the league:
and 10 no country In the world did en-
trance INTO the league mean az much
as { does TO Switzerland. A demo-
cratic republic, the home OF liberty Ia
The center OF Europe; country made
up OF diverse racial elements; y coun-
try which has century-old tradition
OF neutrality In every conceivable war.
ana country OF feeble military
strength. except possibly for some pur-
poses OF defense. Switzerland Ia a state
whose vital Interests were more bound
up IN q now world order than those of
the greatest and most powerful repuh-
lie n the wor!d could possibly be.
"Advice" Only, Article X.
NO amount OF misrepresentation and
no amount OF deliberate falsehood car
conceal the fact that Article X pro-
vides only for advice: ana 80 restricted
are its provisions that there cannot
oven be advice IL anyone sitting IN the
council diasenta. Those who are mis-
representing the provisions OF the cove-
nhnf, N the hope that miareprnseftn-
ton will aid In gratifying their lust for
public place, are driven flret to say
that advice means compulsion'- that
In TO say that black IL white and then
TO say that after all. while advice does
mean advise, congress would In some
way or other be constrained to vote an
II was adviseds an Insult to our national
leglalAtson which q century and q. quar-
ter dlhnrOvAta
''The fact h that Article x Of the
covenant 10 q thought for peace and not
for wnr--thnt article contemplataa the
union OF the moral and economic FORCES
OF tho world against war and against
agKrohsloni the end OF aggression means
the end OF war. and with the public
sentiment OF tho world against agErea-
sion. and with the opportunity given
by Article X to that public sentiment
10 function and to lrake itself heard
and felt, any attempt at aggression Ia
doomed to failure In advance"