davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
Effect of Deep Flowing Produced
Upon Shell Torn France,
Says American.
VEGETATION IS LUxURIANT
Vigorous Crops Are Growing as Re-
suit of French Patience and In
dustry-Stick to Anticipated
Tools and Methods.

New York.-The thought of deep
scars left upon the land in France
and Belgium by the trenches OF the
allies and their foes has been one OF
the gloomiest of postwar reflections.
To those who have feared that per-
manent harm to the agriculture OF the
war-torn areas would result, the
special report made to the American
Committee for Devastated France
recently by Hal B. Fullerton, agrlcul-
tural director of the Long Island rail-
road, will come as a relief. For In 1t
Mr.. Fullerton declares that the
trenches and shellholes have accom-
plished the one thing dearest to the
farmers heart-deep blowing.
IF farmer here in America" said
Mr.. Fullerton to reporters recently,
manages to pillow to a depth OF four
inches he thinks he has done exceed
ingly well. For the most part he gets
down two inches. The best ever done
In this country is nine. Now what
has happened in France? Trenches
eight to ten feet deep, shellholeS ana
mined areas from fifty to hundred
feet in depth and often 200 feet square
have brought to the surface, without
disturbing it, the deep soil, containing
valuable minerals of which the top
SOIL used for generations, has been
depleted. Added to these minerals is
the organic matter furnished by the
fertilization of dead beasts. Thus tie
upheaval wrought by the trenches ac-
tually represents the type OF cultiVa-
ton advanced by practical agricul-
tural experts in America and England.
81 remember one former battlefield
where the trenches had been filed in
and wheat planted. The lines of
trenches-French on one slope ana
German on the other-could be clearly
distinguished because the wheat grow
ing over them was higher than the
rest and had a rich green color that
showed it to be the best in the heid.
1t was plain example Of deep plow-
ing"
Luxuriant Vegetation in Shell Holes.
Among Mr.. Fullerton's many photo
graphs was one showing a huge shell
hole. perhaps a hundred feet deep, all
over the bottom of which luxuriant
vegetation, including clover, corn
flower and alfalfa, was growing. An
other snapshot showed untitled
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
SCARS OF WAR
IMPROVE SOIL

trenches, with discarded ammunition
belts and rifles strewn around, the
whole place covered with grass, ferns
and shrubbery.
Another theory that Mr.. Fullerton
has exploded is that of the great harm
done to the soil by chlorine gas set
free in military operations. On the
contrary, he declared, if it has any
effect at all it is u beneficial one, for
the chlorine will attract to itself sodi-
UNI and potassium as chemical bases,
the result being some of the very salts
that are used in the making Of fer
tilizer.
Mr.. Fullerton was full or enthusiasm
over the French genius for farming.
While amused by some of the anti
Quated tools and methods the peasants
employed, such as hoes with eighteen
inch handles, forcing the user to bend
his back at right angles as he works,
and obsolete scythe sharpeners, he
failed to find that conservatism and
distrust of new things with which the
Frenchman is so generally credited.
He told of introducing to some of them
the wheeled hoe, or automatic seeder,
a device that may be used for all sorts
Of work, from narrowing to weed
cutting.
81 took it out to a field" he said,
where some of the French were work
ing, and started in with it. None of
them came up to look-they are too
canny for that-but could see them
watching every motion out of the
corner of their eyes. A few days later
one old man decided to try it, and
soon he was getting so much more
done in a day than the rest that he
was the talk of the town."
THE problem of restoring French
soil" according to Mr.. Fullerton's Of
fetal report, the result OF three
months in the Aisne department at
the request of the American commit
tee for devastated France, lis one OF
engineering. With the needed tractors
and implements it can easily be
brought back to its original fertility.
Among none of the farmers did | find
the slightest pessimism about their
land. l noticed also that both men
and women had unusual mechanical
ability. They are hard workers, as
well. 1t Is a common sight to see
men who have worked in factories
Iaboring in their kitchen gardens until
9 or 10 O'Clock at night, making the
most of the long twilights.
His Only Salvation.
THE French countryman is strong
individualist. 1t is with great diff
Guilty that he is persuaded to cooper
ate in a community enterprise. The
present conditions, however, make this
his only salvation. With the lack Of
man-power and machinery 1t Is essen
tial that the farmers form themselves
into agricultural syndicates. The
American committee and the French
government are both fostering this
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12

Clarksville.-The marriage OF Miss
Margaret Catlett and Mr.. Samuel j.
Lindamood OF Columbus Miss, was
solemnized at Trinity church. After
a stop in northern Michigan the young
couple will be at home in Columbus
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12

system, and the formers work, with
the loaning of tractors, has met with
a great deal of success.
"The inhabitants of the devastated
regions are in urgent need of shelter,
and next to that variety of food, eggs,
milk, etc., and domestic farm animals.
For the tilling of the soil, they need
most a good supply of hand or small
motor-driven cultivators and seed
drills, to be handled on community
basis and directed by practical agrl-
culturists in the various localities. The
use of the tractors, which has already
proved of great value, should be con-
tinued."
Mr.. Fullerton went to France last
April accompanied by his daughter.
He confined his tour to the Aisne dis
trict, living in the town of Bleran-
court, where the pair occupied house
used as division headquarters by the
Germans. Mr.. Fullerton's main work
was to establish a model demonstra'
ton farm, introduce American tools
and investigate conditions.
The character of the French soil,
weather conditions and articles OF
food in the Aisne area Mr.. Fullerton
has discussed at length in a separate
report submitted to President Peters OF
the Long Island railroad, for which
road, by the way, he conducts Il dem
onstration farm at Medford, L. !.
Fine Grain Country.
This northeastern section" the re
mort reads, lis a superb grain coun'
trv. Wheat, rye and oats are very Wig
oro,rs. stalks and heads large and well.
filed; apples and pears are fair; on
lv one variety of grapes, but vigor-
ous. lettuce, sugar beets, asparagus,
Swiss chard peas, broad beans and
carrots all fine; string beans, onion
and cabbage all fair; no corn grown
Mt all: grass, such as red top. meadow
grass and fescues, very vigorous, IN
Guiding red, white and crimson, or
Swiss clover. Therefore cattle 40
well and much cheese is made. The
farms run mainly from three to fifteen
acres, cultivated often and with pains
taking care. Intensive work Is the
rule.
1.-THE country is much like Ohio
long. gentle rolls and many small
streams which the French call rivers.
The soil is Of the clay loan type, very
tenacious when wet and having many
small Jumps when ready for planting,
Much lime, mostly in fossil shell form,
with heavy applications of thoroughly
rotted manure, tells the story.
"The rainfall was only about twent!
inches but extremely well distributed,
with brief, gentle showers at intervals
Devfall and mist were continuous;
there were no gullies or washouts on
hillsides on account Of the presence OF
heavy rains.
BREAD is made mostly Of mixed
dark -four. Raqishes, constantly
munched in the field and at home,
cheese. salads of many wild plants,
chard and sugar beet tops are the
main food. Chicory coffee once day,
with light sour, red wine, diluted
one-half in water. The people in the
devasted area are patient, cheerful
and persistent, slow moving but con
stantly plodding."
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
EDUCATORS IN SESSION.

Monteagle.-Tennesse citizens
conference on education began August
6 under the auspices of the United
States bureau of education. DR.. P. P.
Claxton, United States commissioner
of education, had charge of the con-
ference, assisted by DR.. ]. L. McBrien,
head of the department of rural eX'
tension. bureau of education
Large delegations of business men,
professional men, club women and
educators came from all parts of the
state to take part in the programs OF
the Tennessee conference.
Superintendent Albert S. Williams
head of the state department of pub
tic instruction; Gov. A. H. Roberts,
DR.. Wilbur Nelson, state g2ologist;
Mrs. Claude D. Sullivan OF Nashville,
Superintendent of the Tennessee home
finding society; Mrs. Clarence Stew
art of Chattanooga, president of the
Tennessee Federation OF Womens
Clubs; Prof. ]. B Brown, rural school
agent, state department of education,
and DR.. r. S. Maddox, state forester
were among those taking part.
Memphis.--The United States army
recruiting service has been informed
that during the first month of the dis
tribution of the victory medals only
$4,000 applications have been made
by those entitled to one. The army
made provisions for the issuance OF
$4,000 Der day at which rate 1t would
require four months to complete the
distribution of nearly five million. A.
the present rate of issuance it Will
require six years to put one in the
hands of every person entitled to
medal. The medal is given without
cost to every person who served i'll
the army during the war. Battle
clasps are given also for all major op
erations and for service in Siberia,
Russia, England, France, Italy and
other places where American troops
served, but who engaged in no battles,
The medals may be obtained - max
ing application to the nearest army
recruiting office.
Milan-Lucian L. Wood, 70, died az
his home two miles south of here.
Memphis.-What Is thought 10 be
record with the special type Of plane
used, a distance of 1850 miles in IA
hours and 20 minutes, has been made
by two representatives of an airplane
company OF Helena, Ark. They are
]. Dixon Davis and Hugh Copeland.
both having seen service in the flying
corps in France. The plane used was
'Avro. a type of British make used e%
tensively in the war, both for training
and fighting purposes. The trip was
made from New York TO Buffalo
Cleveland, Dayton, Cincinnati, Louis
vile Mount Carmel and Memphis. Mr.,
Davis SAYS It is his intention to start
an air route from Helena 10 Memphis
CHATTANOOGA B. II. Woote7,
80. a bride of two weeks and former
school teacher committed suicide as
she Law in bed beside her husband,
having fired bullet into her temple
The couple came here from Dalla3'
Tex, where they were married. NO
cause Is assigned for the suicide.
Clarksville.-The marriage OF Miss
Margaret Catlett and Mr. Samuel j.
Lindamood OF Columbus, Miss, was
solemnized at Trinity church. After
stop in northern Michigan the young
couple will be at home in Columbus
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
1t Cost $6,403, 343,
to Run u. S. for Year

Washington. - The govern
ment's ordinary expenditures
for the fiscal year, ending June
80, amounted to $6,403, 343. 4S1,
according to a preliminary state
ment issued by the treasury.
Payments on the public debt
amounted to $17,O3S,039, 1913,
making the grand total for the
period covered 500, AL, 1888, 204.
The war department led in the
ordinary expenditures, disburs-
ing S1,61O,5S7.3SO, with $1,036,-
49, 57 charged to federal con-
troll of railroads next. The navy
ranked second among depart
ments, expanding $736,021, 456
and the shipping board third
with $3.50, 565,649.
Ordinary expenditures were
heaviest in July, 1919, when
$976,273,570 was spent, and
lightest in February, when they
totaled 1895, 457 ,433.
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
ASPIRIN
Name "Bayer" on Genuine

"Bayer Tablets of Aspirin" is gent
inc Aspirin proved safe by million
and prescribed by physicians for ove
twenty years. Accept only an unbrokel
"Bayer package" which contains proper
directions to relieve Headache, Tooth
ache, Earache, Neuralgia, Rheumatism
Colds and Pain. Handy tin boxes OF Il
tablets cost few cents. Druggists also
sell larger "Bayer packages" Aspirin
is trade mark Bayer Manufacture Mon
Of Salicylica cid.-Adv
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12

Spiritualists tip the table, but the
man who tips the waiter fares better,
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
psrls to London Flights Grow.

Paris, France--The Matin calls at
tention to the recent increase in aerial
navigation, saying that there were 37a
flights between Paris and London dur
ing June.
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12

Chattanooga B. II, Wootea,
80. a bride Of two weeks and former
school teacher, committed suicide as
she lay in bed beside her husband
having fired bullet into her temple
The couple came here from Dallas
Tex, where they were married NO
cause Is assigned for the suicide.
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
TENNESSEE
EVENTS
Gathered from AnCor-
ners of the State and
Told in Briefest Form
THE COTTON CONDITION IN TEN
NESSEE.

Nashville--A decided Improvement
is noted in the condition Of the cotton
crop Of Tennessee, as reported by G.
L. Morris, agricultural statistician, bu-
reau of crop estimates. United States
Department OF Agriculture. in report
ing conditions as they existed on
July %.
While the crop is still two to three
weeks late, the growth has been rapid
and the weather generally favorable,
except in a few counties where there
has been an excess amount Of rain
during July, causing some of the crop
to become stalky. Some complaint of
shedding of squares, but little COM
plant of insects. A few square suck
ers in some localities and possibly a
few weevil along the Mississippi line.
In some counties, where there has been
too much rain, fields are again becom
ing foul, though the majority of the
crop is we'll worked.
The condition of the crop in the
state on July % was 76 per cent, com
pared with 50 on June 25 and 67 on
the same date last year. The present
condition would forecast a crop Of
about 300,S00 bales.
The condition by counties in Ten.
nessee is: Benton, rs per cent; Car
roll, 70; Chester, so; Crockett, rs; De
catur, 80; Dyer, so; Fayette, 1873; Glib
son, rs: Giles, so; Hardeman, 50;
Hardin, 80; Haywood, IS.
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12
Musical directors beat their way
through the world by scores.
Shave With cuticura Soap

Shave With Cuticura Soap
And double your razor efficiency Us
well as promote skin purity, skin com
fort and skin health. No mug DO
Shiny soap, no germs, no waste no
irritation even when shaved twice
daily. One soap for ali uses-shavlng'
bathing and shampooing.-AdV'
Polk County news. [volume] (Benton, Tenn.) 191?-1983, 1920-08-12

Washington.--Whil the progress OF
cotton was only poor to fair in Ala
hama and fairly good in Tennessee,
owing to unfavorable weather, the
crop made a satisfactory showing
throughout the remainder of the bet
during the week ending Aug. 3, az
cording to the national weather and
cron bulletin
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
ALEXANDER ADVOCATES
RECLAMATION OF WASTE

In discussing the reclamation of
waste, Secretary of Commerce Alexan-
der made the following announce
ment:
Spring is here and with it comes
spring housekeeping. The house
wives will. in cleaning out the house,
throw away or burn great quantities
of waste. The lessons learned during
the war should not be forgotten; let
it be borne in mind that the reclama-
ton of waste is problem which is
not only fitted for war times. but for
the times of peace as well The argu-
ment which may be advanced from
time to time that the utilization of
waste material in times other than
war is not necessary, is fallaciOus, be-
cause it is very essential that some
means of offsetting the ii. c. l.. be
found -
do not waste, waste-bat turn ii
back into the channels of commerce.
You will be surprised at the tidy little
sum of money that can be derived by
turning over all character of old pa
per, rags, rubber. metals, and other
odds and ends to the junk dealers who
will in turn start this waste back into
useful trades.
at has been estimated, that the
value of unreclaimed waste material
throughout the United States in the
form of paper. rubber metals, etc, is
about S500,000,000. Fully 80 per cent
of this material can be reclaimed
through the proper efforts.
1.-THE Department of Commerce has
on hand limited number of publica-
tions on Waste Reclamation which il
will be glad to send interested per-
sons"
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
NAVAL RESERVISTS
NEED NOT SERVE

Secretary of the Navy Daniels has
informed Representative Coady of the
Congressional Navy Committee that
Naval Reserves now receiving notice
from the Navy Department urging
them to prepare to fulfill the duties
of naval reservists will not be COM
PEELED to enter active service unless
they so desire.
A number of naval reservists in
Maryland had received the notice from
the Navy Department, and had ex-
pressed objection to entering active
service. Secretary Daniels said an Ell
fort was being made to learn how
many reservists wished active dHty,
and these reservists wishing discharge
would have a hearing if they present
ed their plea to the commandant of
their district
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26

Continued From Page 0ne)
Committee worker, he is faithful and
has firm and decided
oninions. but is always open to con
viction and is ready to change MS
mind when convinced that he has beer
mistaken. The writer has been per-
sonalIv acquainted with every Sena-
tor from Frederick County for more
than a generation, and Is prepared TO
say that in all that period, that ippor-
tant section of the state has never
been represented here by more pop
ular. faithful and courteous Senator
than Or. Goodell
Baltimore City may get one more
senator and six additional members of
the House of Delegates, but that is the
limit. and several of the influential
members of both Houses are opposed
10 any increase whatever in the city's
representation The truth is, the char
acter of the representatives sent TO
the House from Baltimore has greatly
changed in recent years. and not for
the better. In past sessions, the city
has been represented by men OF the
highest character and ability-such
men as the late Judge Baer, Archibald
RI. Taylor, Charles III. Carter. John
Hemsley Johnson, Charles w. Field,
Peter j. Campbell, Isadore Raynor,
Thomas G. Hayes, Judge Martin Leh'
mayer. Isaac Loab Straus. and others
of equal ability, position and influence
But now, Great God" the less said
about the city crowd the better. There
is one County member who pays more
taxes than the whole city membership
put together, and the names of some
of them sound like the roll-call OF a
Bolsheviki Club in Russil
PAUL WINCHESTER.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
SCHOOL OBSERVES
MARYLAND DAY"
WITH PROGRAM

While there were no special eXercis-
IS in the High School yesterday com
memorative OF Maryland's own day,
the Grammar School. Miss Josephine
Riordan. Principal, held an Assembly
yesterday morning at elevn O'Clock in
the Grammar School Assembly Hall.
The program, which was presented
by the Fifth Grade Boys, and witness
cd by other Grades of the Grammar
School, was as follows:
Dramatization by Boys of Fifth
Grade; Scenes from ''Hiawatha's
Childhood; Personnel of characters
taken: 1Nokomis,s Louis Mang; "Hia-
watha,' Frederick Ecken; .Iagoo,"
William Franton; THE Deer" Harvey
Howard. Indians: Powell Musternan,
Carl Thomas, George Taylor. Paul
Porterfeld, Gilbert Gott. Hilary Rowe.
David Meyers. Russell Miller, Edward
BileS. Robert Taylor
State Song, Maryland. My Mary
land" Poem. Maryland Day" by
Evelyn Avery; Story of the Ark and
the Dove, by Ethel Legum: Burning
of the Peggy Stewart" by Alphonso.
Smith; Maryland. the State OF First.
Things. Seventh Grade Girls;
Sketch of Life OF James Rider Ran
dali" by Catherine Ward; star Span
gled Banner
The program was well presented,
each participant entering into his and
her part with zest and appreciation Of
the occasion the day commentaries.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
RACE MEETING AT
BOWIE AFTER ALL
CONTINUED From Page one.)
Church Opposition


Senator Nuule led the opposition
following the receipt of kilograms
from ministers at the Methodist Epis-
copal Conference in Wilmington urg-
ing Senators to oppose any racetrack
legislation. Those advocating the pas
sage of This measure pointed out that
the Burke bill which followed and
which regulated racing would super
sede the law governing the Bowie
track.
This being intended only to tempo
rarily place this track on the same
footing with the others which were
permitted TO race in the spring. II
was also set our that Prince George
County which alone was directly al
fected wanted the bill to pass so the
county might derive the revenue OF
which it would be otherdwise de
priyed
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
FRIDAY. MARCH Is, 1920
EIGHTY.SEVEN EARTH .
QUAKES IN 1919

Though the general public may
not be aware Of the fact, the
United States usually expert
ences from 100 to 200 earth
quakes each year. This is shown
by reports sent to the Weather
Bureau. United States Depart
ment of Agriculture, from the
large number OF stations which
Il maintains in various parts OF
the country and from its voi'ln-
tary co-operators who send IN
notices Of earthquakes observed
in their respective localities. The
number OF disturbances last year
was 81. and the number reported
the previous year was l27. a
very large proportion OF these, Of
course. are SO slight as to be en-
tirely unnoticed by the public.
On the Pacific coast slight earth
tremors are of sufficient fire.
quency to cause no comment
whatever. The majority OF quakes
reported are from that region.
One surprising fact, however,
shown by the summary OF earth
quake reports for 1919, which
has recently been prepared, is
that more than a score OF these
disturbances occurred in the
Mississippi Valley. The region
comprising southern Illinois.
southern Indiana. western Ken
lucky, an4 western Tennessee
experiences 20 quakes. while one
was recorded in northeastern
Missouri, two Immediately south
of Wichita. Kans.. and one in
Washington, y. {. Many dis
turbanceS in the total number re-
ported would have wholly es-
capped attention Rut Tor the seis-
,mographs. which are 50 delicate
that they usually VIII detect a
violent shock. no matter in what
part OF the world it occurs.
Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-03-26
PRIZES FOR school BOYS
AND GIRLS

School children in almost
every section of Maryland are
busily drawing posters to be sub
united in the contest now under
way in this district. Cash prizes
OF more than 500 are offered by
the district War Loan Organize
ton for the best original posters
emphasizing the thrift and saw
ings idea.
According to the printed rules
which haze been sent to the SUI
perintendents, principals and
teachers, the contest closes on
March 81. Six cash prizes will
be awarded in Maryland and the
successful contestants. will.
moreover. have a chance to win
the two district prizes. 1t is con-
sidered by no means unlikely
that at least one of the district
prizes will so to child in this
State.