davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
Both Are Payments

But It will be seen that ships and
Saar Valley fall into the same cate
CORY, In the sense that both are i'm
mediate German payments for Ger
man destruction. Moreover, the
British did acquire the ships and, in
addition, they acquired the title to
the German colonies, which repre-
sented valuable real estate. The
French, on the other hand, found
that both In the matter Of security
and in the matter Of immediate rep
aration, while British claims were
satisfied without qualification, French
demands, based on greater peril and
vastly larger losses, were at once
modified.
So much for the examination of
the situation In the past. The re-
view may be concluded by the state
ment that the main claim of France
for reparation was included in the
clauses of the treaty, but
The certainty of repayment depended
upon many contingent circum-
stances. All that the French could be
'ure of was what they occupied. /
make no mention of Alsace-Lorraine.
ecause 1t was the view Of all the
Allied nations, written into the ar
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22

with any real security and the pros
poets of reparation grow less and
less with each succeeding week.
They fortify their claims by the
just recitation of the fact that they
merely consented to resign their
claims to the Rhine barrier on the
receipt Of promise by the United
States and Great Britain that their
armies and fleets would be a substi-
tute barrier, that armies and fleets
would be organized to the neces-
sary strength and held in the neces-
sary readiness to move simultane-
ously with the arrival Of the news
that Germany had violated the
Rhine barrier. This promise having
lapsed, the French argue that they
have now reacquired freedom of ac-
ton,
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
This Question, With Its Momen-
tous Possibilities, Must Soon
Be Settled by America

nies things Of great money value,
chargeable to reparation, directly
and indirectly. No legitimate criti-
cism can be leveled at the British
for insisting upon these things; they
were entitled to them in view of the
circumstances Of the outbreak of the
war, the character of the campaign
waged by the Germans, and, lastly,
in view Of German purposes as dis
closed during the war. pass over
the British acquisition Of Mesopota-
mia and other Turkish territories,
but they fall in the same category
and increase British material gains
in the war, which must be set against
the material losses.
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
Il the United States Take Hand in European Politics.
There Is an Insistent Demand.
Especially in England, That
We Lend a Hand

the French against the Germans, the
Italians against the Slavs and the
Poles against the Russians, Boil
shevist or nationalistic, with the full
power of our war-making resources.
No honorable American could think
of passivity if the United States
having persuaded the French to re-
tire from the Rhine or the Poles
from the Pripet Marshes, the Ger
mans or the Bolshevists were able,
in consequence, to penetrate French
or Polish soil. We would be bound
in honor and we would have to
undertake obligations in treaties to
guarantee these peoples aginst such
contingencies before we could obtain
& respectful hearing.
Consider the situation Of the
United States if tomorrow the gov
ernment should consent to the sur
render Of the $4,000, 100000 in
debtedness and agree to make new
loans, and then on the strength of
the influence accruing to it as the
holder Of the purse strings it should
undertake to compel a remaking of
the Treaty of Versailles. 1t would
have to begin by declaring that all
the acquisitions Of the several Euro
pean nations resulting from the
victory must again be laid on the
table for a revision. subject to
American approval. It would have
to say to the French, let US assume
"You must quit the Rhine barrier" "
To the British: ''You must turn back
the German colonies" To the
French: "You must surrender the
Saar Basin" To the British: "You
must agree to the return Of the
German ships" To the Italians
"You must retire from the upper
Adige, from Albania, the Greek
Islands, from Asia Minor" To the
Poles: "You must give up upper
Silesia, Wilma, the lands east of the
Bug"
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
What Would Happen?

What would be the consequence?
Who can mistake it? The French
would give up the Rhine barrier if
we once more agreed to substitute
our army. The Poles would come
back from the White Russian terri
tory if we would guarantee their
ethnic frontier and promise them
financial assistance. Even the Ital-
ians would make concessions to our
military and financial capacities. AS
to the British, possibly they might
consent, although my judgment is
that with perfect justice this Amer
lean dictation would be rejected by
the British Empire, mother country
and colonies alike.
AS result Of all our efforts Ger
many would receive back her Sile-
sian and Saar coal regions, her
Rhine territories, her commercial
fleet, her colonies, and the Danzig
corridor" would be abolished. She
might then be willing to make finan-
cial reparation to France and Bel
giun, reduced by our $10,0OO,OOO,-
900 and by our other loans, but it
would be incumbent upon us to col
lect it. All the European nations
would quite justly hold us as surety
for Germany.
Of course, this leads to absurd
lty, but how can one stop short Of
absurdity once the United States
embarks upon a policy of world reg
ulation? We must do the whole lob
or none, we must assume the same
tone and manner with each nation.
We cannot consent to the acquisi-
ton of complete security and meas
urable reparation by the British
while the French remain exposed to
German attack, the Poles open to
the Bolshevists. The moment sew
eral nations feel that we are "play-
ing favorites" our influence is at an
end on the moral side. But this
means that our first quarrel will be
with the British and our second with
the French, while our present quar-
rel with the Italians, or rather theirs
with us, growing out Of "a similar
interference, will only be accentu
ated.
AS to the wisdom of our country
not merely canceling the S10,-
o00,o00,000, which is at least
arguab,e, but of embarking on
new series of loans, all Of them de-
signed in the last analysis to pre-
vent European anarchy by rehabill-,
tatlng Germany, it seems to be dubi-
Gus in the extreme. 1t certainly
means the imposition of very great
burdens upon the people OF this
country and bhe sole possible COM
pensation must be the opportunity
to play the dangerous role of CON-
stable to creation.
Further than this, my own expe-
rence at Paris by no means con-
vlnced me that the United States
possesses the knowledge or the ex-
perlence in European matters to en-
able it to act with wisdom or even
justice in settling European mat
ters. We certainly agreed to grave
lhJustlces, we unmistaA sbly sup
ported British views and opposed
French, in measure, because the
British were wise enough, as well as
gracious enough. to fall in with on.
own. We did not call into question
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
Opposed frances Wishes

Turning now to the case Of France,
It will be seen that the same benefits
were due to that country as a result
of the victorious war. Indeed, they
were not only due, but due in larger
measure in view Of the fact that the
war had disclosed that French inse-
curity against German aggression
was far greater than British, and
the costs Of German destruction had
been infinitely greater, the ruin Of
France being a far more expensive
and dangerous wound than the sink
ing of the British ships.
But in the Paris Conference the
French were faced at once by the
opposition of both the United States
and Great Britain to the French es-
innate Of what constituted security.
All French soldiers, most French
statesmen, agreed that France could
only be secure against later Ger
man attack if the Rhine barrier
were held against the German. They
argued that this alone would be a
precaution commensurate with that
taken by the British eliminating the
German navy, seizing the German
colonies and destroying the German
sea bases and harbor dcfenses.
The French did not propose an
nexation outright, but they advo-
Gated the creation of buffer state,
guaranteed by the three Allies, Brit
ain, France and the United States;
they only proposed annexation, or
rather occupation, which would in
the end amount to annexation, pro-
vided that the United States and
Britain would not guarantee this
Rhine barrier. Moreover, when
Lloyd George and President Wilson
did guarantee it, by the terms of the
Observation-Disclosures treaty, the
French withdrew all demands to an
nexation or to occupation beyond
that time necessary to enforce Ger
man compliance with the Treaty of
Versailles.
But it must be observed that the
French resignation of the Rhine bar
rier was, in the nature of things,
conditional, not absolute. 1t was
conditioned upon the pledge Of the
President and the Prime Minister
to provide substitute which should
in all respects constitute as good a
guarantee of French security. The
French could not, and no one was
Justified In asking them to, abandon
their claims for security, while the
British claims were fully and COM
pletely met by the treaty provisions.
Turning now to the question of
reparation, the French asked both
money indemnities, to reconstruct
their ruined regions, as Britain had
asked money payments for far less
direct injuries, and they asked the
title to the Saar Valley coal mines
in compensation for the destruction
Of the Lens mines by the Germans
and the occupation by them of the
district for period of time, thei,
evacuation to be followed by a pleb.
iscite to determine whether the in.
habitants preferred independence o1
the sort Luxembourg possesses, union
with France or return to Germany
In the first place, the French asked
annexation outright, but they were
faced again with British and Amer.
lean opposition and compelled tx
compromise.
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22

mistice, that this constituted not
reparation, but restitution, the re-
turn to France of something which
had been stolen. it was not con-
cession to security nor to reparation,
but an act of justice.
1t will be urged that the disarm-
ing of Germany and the destruction
of her fortihcations along the
Rhine constituted an equivalent to
the elimination Of her fleet, but this
is only measurably true 1t is a
matter Of years to construct a fleet,
ard construction cannot be dis
guised, but it is not in the least the
case with an army, and the familiar
example of what Prussia accom-
plished under the nose of Napoleon
! is the best demonstration Of this
fact. If Germany undertook to Gre
ate a new fleet Britain would be at
once advised and hef control of the
sea would enable her at once to
bring Germany to terms; no such
remedy would lie in French hands
nor would the warning be similarly
prompt.
1t will be seen, then, that the
Treaty Of Versailles substantially
honored the just claims Of Britain
in the matter of security and repa-
rations, but that it did nothing like
so much for France. Indeed, the
French might justly regard the
treaty as q failure if it were not
for the Anglo French-American
treaty Of guarantee. Now, the
Anglo-American guarantee has
fallen by reason Of the course of
events in the United States Senate,
and every we'll informed Frenchman
knows that the United States is not
prepared to guarantee, at the risk of
new war in Europe, either the
Rhine barrier or French security.
Out Of this situation develops the
French demand for the revision of
the Treaty Of Versailles, but, if one
may use an Americanism, the de-
mand is for revision upward"
A Common Ruin
In Britain, on the contrary, the
tendency is in exactly the opposite
direction. Many Englishmen, speak
ing with great authority and from
recognized conviction, assert that
the economic phases Of the Treaty
of Versailles involve the economic
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
Not Our Duty

But as an American I cannot &C
cept the idea that it is the duty Of my
country, at the cost Of treasure and
of blood, to undertake to restssin
these historical instincts Of two
great nations, much less to accept
one and reject the other. Duties we
may have toward Europe, but the
sum of these duties does not seem to
me to amount to the obligation to
undertake world regulation, with ali
its risks, TO undertake to do for the
highest moral purposes what the
German undertook to do for the
lowest and basest purposes nearly
six years ago.
On the contrary, my judgment Is
that the national instinct underlying
all else in the controversy which
has been going on in this county
Tor many, many months over the
league of nations has been founded
upon shrewd realization upon the
part of the mass of American pao.
pie that it was unwise, unsafe,
fraught with incalculabls peril fcr
this country to assume to direct Or
dictate the settlement Of PURIFY
European questions, even II these
questions had a certain secondary
Influence upon american conditions.
If one could be sure that Germany
and Russia were henceforth certain
to fall in with Western ideas, II
one could be sure that the new Cor
many which is to come would be
totally different from all other Ger
NAMES which the world has known,
then there would be no question Of
providing France and Britain with
securities. The annexation Of Ger
man colonies and the occupation Of
the Rhine barrier would be unneces.
sary and the British and French
arguments supporting such policies
would lose their chief merit.
But no such certainty exists OF
can exist. Therefore French and
British statesmen are bound TO insist
upon guarantees Of their security,
however harmful to Germany, anc
thus to political and econoYic
peace. 1t has become fashionable
to refer to the Treaty of Versailles
as "Carthaginian peace" But this
after all, is mere language. Carthage
and Rome represented two civlilza-
lions, two cultures, and between the
two there was deadly struggle for
world supremacy. If Rome had lost
we should now talk of Roman
peace, for the terms would have
been the same. But, granted tnat
we know little Of the Punic world
1t is true that what little We 90
know encourages the conviction tnat
the victory Of Rome was triumph
for real civilization, while Roman
defeat would have been q disaster
for the world.
The same is true, in my JuoC
ment, as between Germany and nee
British and French foes, even though
the terms of the Treaty Of VersaiileS
carry with them the doom OF 6ef.
many as we have known rns'
country.
(Copyrioht. 1890. the MoClsss !
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22

certain British acquisitions whic,
stood or fell on the same princin,s
that justified or condemned French
or Italian acquisitions which wa
violently opposed. We surrendered
to Japan and remained obdurate j.,
the presence of Italy, not because
the moral circumstances were DIFF
ferent, but because we had Inst
Italy's support for the league of na-
tions and feared the loss Of Japan's
with the consequent collapse OF the
scheme, if we took similarlv h;ob
tone.
Collision Certain
In sum, in my judgment wis.
American policy cannot be further
ard much increased participation In
the settlement Of purely European
questions. The present invitation
carries with it the certainty Of col.
lision with France and Great Brit.
ain. Bismarck undertook to plav
the part of "honest broker" a. The
Congress of Berlin and in the end
was compelled to support Austri,
against Russia and thus make IN.
evitable the Franco alli.
ance. With a million times less
skill or experience, could we hope to
be more fortunate? Are the results
Of the recent experiment such a. 70
tempt Americans in new ventures?
shall have failed entirely In this
article if I have left the impression
that | regard British and French
claims for security as unjust, i'm
moral, chauvinistic. On the COLI
trary, they seem to me TO be exactly
the claims which the German course
in the recent war and the German
policy in the last century made in~
evitable. But because British and
French circumstances are dissinilar
and therefore their demands for se.
curity are also unlike, I cannot see
any excuse for the United States to
champion or accept the British and
oppose or reject the French. II we
are to reject the French we must in
justice reject the British.
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22

tinct race to themselves; they have
no sympathy with Nationalist aspi-
rations; they want to be left alone,
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22

territorial as we'll as their economic I
demands.
New-York tribune., 1920-02-22
By Frank H. Simonds

TN VIEW of the very grave
crisis which is rapidly develop
ing in Europe, it is obviously
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-08-27
LAKE STEAMER IS
SUNK IN COLLISION
VESSEL GOES DOWN AND CAN
RES TWENTY-EloHT MEM
ogRs OF CREW TO DoTToM
Following Collision There Was An IL
pIoston In Boiler Room Of Doomed
Steamer, Those on ooard hav-
ing No Chance Of Escape.

Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.--The
steamer Superior was run down and
sunk by the freighter King late FRI
day night, 1t has just been learned.
Twenty-eight members OF the crew
and one woman were missing and the
four survivors brought here after be-
ing picked up from the wreckage had
all but abandoned hope for their es-
cape, owing to the short time that
elapsed between the collision and an
explosion in tthe boiler room which
wrecked the stern Of the steel ore car
rier.
Peter Jacobson, survivor, who
was ut the wheel when his ship was
rammed, declared the King bore down
on them after the exchange Of the
usual signs. The sea was calm and
the weather was rather haxy, but ne
could easily distinguish lights Of the
King. he declared
Captain Herman Nelson of the King,
however, maintained a fog enveloped
the vessels.
Belief that a number of the missing
were killed or severely injured by the
explosion, was expressed by Captain
Edward Sawyers Of the Superior City.
The majority Of them were in state
rooms directly over the boiler room,
he said. He attributed the sudden
sinking Of his vessel to her heavy
cargo of iron ore.
II sank deep into the icy water" he
said, land the shock brought me back
to my senses. thought would never
reach the surface. After swimming
five minutes, up from the depths came
steamers hatch cover, upon which
climbed and hung until picked up.
Il guess God wanted me to live bit
longer" he added, ''for where that
hatch came from / couldn't figure"
Despite the statement of Captain
Sawyer of the Superior City that the
night was clear Captain Herman Mel
son and members of the crew of the
Willis L. King, declared heavy
fog hung over the lake at the time Of
the accident.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-08-27
Serial Number O223sS
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION

Department OF the Interior, u. S.
Land Office at Haley, Idaho, May
19. 1920.
Notice is hereby given that Leon
ard Harper, OF Oakley, Idaho, who
on February 81, 1917. made Home
stead entry, No. 02239S, for MEL
NE1-4 Sec. IL; E1-2NW14, WI
MELT, W1-2SE1-4, SE1-4ES1-4, Sec
ton s, Township Is South, Range q
East. Boise Meridian, has filed notice
of intention to make final three year
Proof, to establish claim to the land
above described, before c. f. Strong
U. s. Commissioner. at Burnley. Ida
no. on the 18th day of August. 1920.
Claimant names as witnesses:
VIM T. Harper, OF Oakley, Idaho,
Seth F. Harper, of Basin, Idaho !:
Clyde DahIquist, and Edward V. Cor
ringe, both of Oakley, Idaho.
BEN. r. GRAY. Register
July 9-Aug. 6, 1920
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-08-27

IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE
FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF
THE STATE OF IDAHO. IN AND
FOR CASSIA COUNTY
WI. j. CARROLL. PLAINTIFF, W.. Ed
WARD WARR, Defendant.
NOTICE OF SALE OF REAL ES-
TATE ON EXECUTION
NOTICE is hereby given that I'M
der and by virtue OF certain writ
of execution issued out OF the Dis
trict Court of the Fourth judicial
District ofthe state OF Idaho. in and
for the county of Cassia, on the 8th
day of July, 1920, on a certain judg-
ment procured in the Probate Court
of the county OF Cassia, state OF Ida
no, on the 18th day Of June, 1920,
by J. J. Carroll, plaintiff, vs.. Edward
War;, defendant, for the sum OF
$292.11 and costs amounting to the
sum of 1910, making total OF
$35121, an abstract of which tudg-
ment was duly filed in the ONCE OF
the Clerk OF the District Court of the
Fourth Judicial District OF the State
OF Idaho on the 28th day of June,
1920, l have this day levied upon the
following described real estate in the
county OF Cassia, state OF Idaho, to-
wit,
Beginning at point 2 1-2 rods
south from the northwest corner OF
the Northwest Quarter Of Section
Twenty-nine (29) Township Thirteen
(13) South of Range Twenty-Five
(22) E. B. M; thence running east
100 rods; thence south rs rods;
thence west 100 rods; thence north
rs rods to the place OF beginning
together with all water and water
rights belonging or appertaining
thereto. the same being property
owned by the said defendant, Ed
ward War;, and subject to the lien
OF said Judgment"
NOW THEREFORE,, Notice Il
hereby given that at the Court House
at Burnley, in the county of Cassia
state of Idaho, on the % day of Aug
ust, 1920, at the hour of 2 O'Clock
p. M. ! will sell at public sale to the
highest and best bidder for cash, fol
the purpose of satisfying said judg-
ment and costs, together with inter
est thereon and accruing costs all OF
the following described real estate
in the county of Cassia, state of Ida
no, to-wit:
beginning at point 2 IL rods
south from the northwest corner OF
the northwest Quarter of Section 20
Township 13, S. r. %, e. B M.
thence running east 100 rods, thence
south rs rods thence west $50 rods
thence north rs rods to place of be-
ginning, together with all water
rights thereto belonging"
Dated this 20 day of July, 1920.
w. 0. PRATT
Sheriff of Cassia County, Ida.
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-08-27
NOTICE

Those who have subscribed for
shares of capital stock in the Oakley
Development Company will please
pay in their first 10 per cent install
ment OF the amount subscribed on or
before Monday, September 6, 1920.
after which time no bonus stock will
be issued under the resolution pass
ed at special meeting of the stock
holders, August s, 1920. II you de-
sire to get the benefit OF the bonus
stock, pay now.
H. B. SMITH, Secretary.
Dated August 10, 1920.
august 20-27)
The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-08-27
NOTICEOF HEARING RETURN OF
REAL ESTATE

NOlIACOr HEAnANU nEIOhN Or
REAL ESTATE
In the Matter of the Estate Of John
A. Carson, Deceased
In the Probate Court Of the County
of Cassia, State of Idaho
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN.
That John A. Carson, Administrators
of the estate of John A Carson, De-
ceased, has made to the said Court
and filed with the clerk thereof, a re-
turn of sale of RealEstate OF said
deceased made by him ON the oath
day of July, 1920, under a previous
order OF the Court, and that Tues
day, the 31st day of August, 1920,
at the hour Of l o'clock p. m, OF
said day, at the Court room of said
Court, at the Court House in Burley,
Cassia County, State of Idaho, has
fixed by the clerk of said Court as
the time and place for the hearing of
the said return OF sale Of real estate
as aforesaid, at which time and
place all persons interested in said
estate may appear and file written
objections to the confirmation OF
said sale, and may be heard and may
produce witnesses in support of such
objections.
The following is a description Of
the land sold and the sum for which
the same was sold. Said land is sit
uated in the County of Cassia, State
of Idaho, and is described as follows.
to wit:
The Northwest quarter OF the
Southwest quarter of Section %,
Township IL South, Range % East
of the Boise Meridian, together with
40 shares of water of the Oakley Ca
nal Company
For further particulars reference
is hereby made to the return on file
herein
F. b. DOTSON
Clerk of Probate Court.
august 20-27)