The Maui news. [volume] (Wailuku, Maui, H.I.) 1900-current, 1920-04-16

The appOrtiOnment OF the
of Congress among the states was n
of the hardest problems in framing
the Constitution. 1t would have been
easy if all the states had been of the
same size. but some were large and
some were small. The large states
wanted the lawmakers to be appor-
toned according to the number of
people. That would have given the
large states more votes. The small
states wanted each state to have the
same number of votes without con-
sideration of its size. That would
have given the few people in Rhode
Island as much power as was given
to the large population of New York
or Massachusetts. This was a very
important point and it was discussed
for many weeks.
At last the Connecticut delegation
brought in a compromise. AS in all
compromises each side had to give up
something. The Connecticut plan was
TO give each state two Senators, Civ
ing the small states an equal vote
with the large states, in the Senate.
In the House of Representatives the
members should be apportioned &C
cording to the number of people in
each. That gave the large states pow
er in the House of Representatives
according to their population.
Powers of Congress
Congress has the power
a. To lay and collect taxes, Gus
toms, duties, and excuses; to pay
debts and provide for the defence and
general welfare of the country. All
taxes and duties shall be uniform
throughout the United States.
81 To borrow money on the credit
of the United States.
(3) To regulate commerce with
foreign nations, among the states, and
with the Indian tribes.
a. To establish uniform rules of
naturalization and uniform laws on
The subject of bankruptcy throughout
the United States. =
90 To coin money, regulate the
value of our own money and that Of
foreign coins and to fix the standard
of weights and measures.
co. To provide for the punishment
of cOunterieiting the coins or securi
ties (as United States bOnds) Of the
United States.
a. To establish post offices.
49, To establish courts below the
Supreme Court.
90 To punish crimes on the high
seas. Congress has power to decide
what shall be considered crimes on
the high seas.
G0.) To declare war and to make
rules concerning captures on land Il
sea.
(11.) To raise and support armies;
but for this purpose Congress cannot
make an appropriation for more thar
two years.
G2.) To provide and keep up a
navy.
(13.) To make rules to govern and
regulate the army and navy.
(14.) To provide for organizing,
arming, and disciplining the militia
and for governing any part Of the
militia employed in the service of the
United Stat Zach state appoints
he otiica" ats own militia and
its militia according to
the rules l-ensown by Congress.
(15.) To provide for calling out the
militia when necessary to see that the
laws are obeyed, to put down a rebel.
lion or to keep out invaders.
(16.) To provide means for issuing
patents to protect inventors and copy
right laws for the protection of
authors.
Q7.) To govern the District of
Columbia and all arsenals, forts, dock
yards etc, belonging to the whole ma
ton.
QS.) To make all necessary laws.
Safe Guards
In order to give justice to each
state many safe guards were provid-
ed. For example:
a. No tax or duty shall be levied
on articles exported from any state,
(2.) All ports shall have the same
rights and rules.
81 Money cannot be drawn from
the treasury except to pay bills au-
thorized by Congress.
a. No state can enter into any
treaty, coin money, or undertake any
other work hat has been given to
Congress to do for all the states. This
is a very wise provision for otherwise
there would be great confusion in the
government.
Members Of the House of Represen-
tat.ves are elected for two years.
Senators are elected for six years,
.l&e-third of them are elected every
two years.
The Executive ..-...-s..----
The Executive Department of our
government is the doing" branch,
This department sees that the laws
made by Congress are put into effect
The chief executive is, of course, the
President. He is assisted by his
Cabinet of ten members and each
Cabinet Member has one or more
bureaus or sub-departments under
him. While the Presidents greatest
duty is the enforcing of the laws made
by Congress he has some Legislative
power; for example, he can veto bills
After a bill has been vetoed by the
President it must pass both Houses
by a two-thirds majority before it cal
become a law The President can
also, make treaties. The treaties
must have the consent Of the Senat,
before they become effective. Can eX
ample of this is the present treaty nov
before the Senate.)
l. The DrnGidagt tpuatbar with TN