New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-06-03
Republicans
Find Industry
Court Favored
National Advisory Commit
tee Says Large Majority of
Ouestfonnaires Indorse
the Principle of Tribunal
Problem of Child Labc.
Negro Question and Other
Social Issues Discussed
in Voluminous Report

mIttee advisory committee on nolic,eS
and platform in its abstract released
for publication to-day gives muca
space 10 the Industrial Relations Court
4 the State OF Kansas advocated nv
Governor Henry j. Allen in his Joint
debate with Samuel Gompers in Car
r,ge Hall last week, saying that a
very large majority Of those who have
answered the committees question
naires favor the general principle OF
the Kansas court.
Under the general head of social
problems the committee deals with
child labor, women in industry, safe
guarding motherhood, Federal en-
poyment sgencles, health insurance.
sickness and old age pensions, housing
and the eXtraordinary progress made
by the colored race since the Civil War
Hazards of Motherhood
Motherhood. says the report. "is
now one q the most hazardous occr-
patons open to women, according to
announcement of the Federal Chill
dren's Bureau. At least 23 900 mothers
die every year from causes due to
Childbirth. Thousands more become
permanent invalids. The sacrifice Of
babies. too, is appalling-at least ESQ
600 infants under one year failing to
survive. This disaster falls most
crushingly upon the families with tbe
lowest incomes-the wage earners, And
the real tragedy is that it is largely
preventaoie. Fully half of this mater-
nal and infant mortality will be abol-
lshed through comprehensive nlan
Tor maternity protection.
progress of the negro race OF
all statistics about the advance Of anv
class or race. those in regard to the
negro. as shown by a comparison be-
tween his condition in 1855 and 1919
are the most amazing. Homes owned
have increased from 10000 to 900, 0OO;
farms operated from 10000 to 1.O0O.-
e0oi business conducted from 200 to
$4,000; wealth accumulated from 800
100000 20 Sl.l00 100000: literacv from
10 per cent to 50 per cent; colleges
and normal schools from Is to 500;
students IN public schools from 100000
II 100000 teachers from 500 TO
$4,000; property for higher education
rom $4,000 TO 500. 5000 annual
expenditures for education from $780,
090 70 SIS 600 900: raised by negroes for
educational purposes from $4,000 to
Sl7000o0; churches from 700 to - .0On:
communicates from 100000 TO 4.90n-
900; Sunday schools from / 1000 to 40
o00; Sunday school pupils from so
COG to 100000; church property from
Sl500000 20 SIS. 100000
Child Labor Statistics
Child labor: In forty-six states in
which employment of children under
fourteen years Of age in industry has
been prohibited, thirty were Repub-
lean and sixteen Democratic al the
time the Legislation was enacted: and
limitations are established three were
Republican and one Democratic
"Forry-two states Of the Union have
laws prohibiting night work on the
part OF children. An analysis Of the
avs O. those states shows that The
Republican party has taken the lead in
this humanitarian steD toward the con-
servation and protection OF youth, as
twenty-eigh. OF these states were Re-
publican. az against fifteen Democratic
states.
"Twenty-four states have adopted
legislation making the maximum num-
Der OF working hours for children un-
der sixteen years o. age in factories
and stores not more than eight hours
per day nor more than forty-eight
aours week without exemptions.
slxtesr OF these states were Republi-
can, Is against eight Democratic.
"social Insurance: The health OF the
people d The United States is not
satisfactory. nor Is all possible beinc
done % make il so. Studies recently
made by zen official commissions n
seven states show the seriousness Of
me sickness problem in this counfry
and Indicate also that much Of the
-~.r )
unnecessary. They show further thu
each wage earner loses on an average
- working days 4 year from SEX
ness; cne wage loss being conser7'a-
.ively estimated at s75O000,00O an
rua-ly. Add - these figures the cost
Of sucn medical care as the wage
carers can provide, and it is not
strange that sickness il the chief cause
o oestl-rtion. While neither old age
pe1stcas nor unemp loyment insurance
r1ay =, be considered ready Tor def
lie action, sv'apatheti: attitude
to~afd e1ortf % Tighten .he burden
o. Cd age and elen uloyncn-. and L
Recommendation that eitner the states
81 me United States continue inves-J-
gator i made BIZ the commi-tce.'
The results of our inquiry show
fnat TIE general principle Of the Kan
Va Industrial Court, in its aplIc7tl On
. governrent employment, il favored
oy very large majority Of those who
rave arswered our questionnaires. The
sane . true, although the majority
u nos quite 40 large, in the application
q tais principle 10 public utilities.
= private employment, however
i1fge majority is opposed TO the prin-
esp.s. Business and commercial o.
Pa"'zatioa rery generally Throughout
re stste II Kansas have adopted reso-
's''ons adorsing The Industrial Rela.
tioaz Court.
some t3enty American states have
f1sae p.o4ision for boards of inquiry
:tr compulsory investigation and pub
,'eaElon Of findings, but they have Isre-
y bser utilized. This failure is due
n par - sne neglect TO provide ade-
eaaSs machinery. bat more largely to
re sxssnzion Of this principle TO to