davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24
: News Is Welcome
On The Tip Of The Tongue

MRS. ROY YOUNGS of Stratford left for Worcester. Mass. to visit a former classmate at Lasel1 Seminary, AuburndaIe, Mass. Mrs. Youngs will motor to Boston to be entertained by friends also.
 MISS SARAH LINDSAY of Col orado avenue entertained at small birthday dinner party last evening at the Black Rock Country club.
 MRS. J. w. wILDS of Brooks street, and Miss Mary Buckley of from Springfield, Mass, after visiting for. fortnight at the home of MT. and Mrs. M. J. Brennan.
 HARRY MORRISSEY, formerly connected with the Board of Chari- ties, is now touring the West with the Elm City Four. They recently gave a concert for the prisoners in the Montana State prison.
 MISS JARRETT WINDSOR of Lordship Manor is entertaining at a house party for the remainder of this week including several school chums
  WEBSTER and family of Brooklawn avenue are expected home from Ken nebago, Maine, soon where they have been sojourning all summer.
 GEORGE BARKER of Coleman street, has returned from an extended motor trip of several weeks to vari- ous points of interest.
 MISS VIRGINIA IVES, daughter of MT. and Mrs. Harry Ives of North avenue, arrives home tomorrow from Cape Cod, Mass, where she has been entertained as the house guest of Miss Emily Sears, her room mate at Rose mary Hall, Greenwich.
 MIR. AND MRS. JOHN SAUR of 50 Wheeler avenue, cenelbrated their f1f- tieth wedding anniversary yesterday, by holding a reception and family re- union at their home. About 200 guests attended the affair and pre- sented the couple with many hand some gifts. :.
 THE WEDDING of Miss Gertrude Kelly and James Murray will take place on September IS, at St. Angus tines church. Both young people are employees at the Columbia Grapho- phone company. Miss Kelly has been feted with numerous showers durin 2 the past week.
 HOWARD COMSTOCK of Stratford avenue, is enjoying his vaca tion by spending several days in New York city.
 THE ENGAGEMENT of Miss Chris tine We1les, of Stratford, and Eric G. Benedict of Boston, Mass, has re- gently been announced.
 WARRING MICHAEL has return ed to his home in Augusta. Ga, after visiting with Burr Bartram on Sasco ! Hill, in Southport, for week. | MISS EDNA NORTHROP of 2o5o North avenue, has returned from ! Shelter Harbor, R. l., where she has | been visiting MT. and Mrs. Archibald McNeil, Sr., for several days. ELIAS HOWE. JR.. Women's Re- | lief Corps, will hold a special meeting | on Thursday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock | in the G. A. R. hall on Main street Il | is requested that there be a large at l tendance as business of importance will be transacted.
 | MISS CATHERINE COLGAN o | Beach street has arrived home from | Long Branch, Long Island, after sev. | era1 days visit there.
 l DOUGLAS -PLUMLEY of Stat. l street is visiting his sister, Mrs Ar
 thur McCrea. in Washington, D. c.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MIR. AND MRS. WILLIAM c. HAWLEY of RuSling Place are en- toying several weeks visit at Craw- ford Notch House, in the White Mountains.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

EDWIN KENNEE- of 774 Seaviev avenue, is visiting in Claredon, Va. for ten days with friends.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MISS CATHERINE COLGAN of Beach street has arrived home from Long Branch, Long Island, after sev- eral days visit there.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MRS. ROY YOUNGS of Stratford left for Worcester. Mass. to visit a former classmate at Lasell Seminary, Auburndale, Mass. Mrs. Youngs will motor to Boston to be entertained by friends also.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

.. WILLIAM BRODERICK of Seaview avenue, left yesterday for his home in Washington, D. C., where he will en- joy a vacation of a fortnight
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

WARRING MICHAEL has return ed to his home in Augusta, Ga, after visiting with Burr Bartram on Sasct Hill, in Southport, for a week.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

house guest Mrs J. c. Witter of Kingston, N. Y.
 ON THURSDAY at the Greenwich Country club an open day for women golfers in the state will be held All women members of any country club in Connecticut are eligible. A party going from the .weatogue Country club. Stratford, includes: Mrs Wind sor Farist, Miss May Topping Miss Elsa Hoerle, Miss Natalie Middle brook. Miss Esther Dunn, Mrs. George Houston and Mrs. Wesley Coney. Dur ing the afternoon tea will be served
 THE ATHLETIC association of the Y. w. c. A. will enjoy a camping par ty over this week end at Camp Oron- oque. On Saturday evening they wflr hold a steak and corn roast and many other jolly events are planned for these two days.
 INVITATIONS HAVE been received for the Service club dance at the Brooklawn Country club on Septem- Der 10, when Wittsteins orchestra from New Haven will furnish music for the occasion. Miss Anna Swim merton of Beechwood avenue, has charge of the sale of tickets. The proceeds from this will go tSwar ds the Associated Charities
 TWENTY MEMBERS of the La dies Auxiliary, Ancient Order of Hi bernians, will attend reception to be given in Saybrook to Rev James Illusion, formerly of this city, on Saturday afternoon. This affair will form part of a three day bazaar held at the church there, of which Father Illusion is pastor Several other organizations from this city are sending representatives,
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MISS EDNA NORTHROP of 2o5o North avenue, has returned from Shelter Harbor,- R. l., where she has been visiting MT. and Mrs. Archibald McNeil, Sr., for several days.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MIR. AND MRS. HARVEY HUB BELL and son, Harvey, Jr., who are summering at their country home in Long HiH, left yesterday for Lake Placid, N. Y., where they will be registered at White Plains Inn for the remainder of this month.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

FRIENDS OF Andrew l.. Riker, Jr., of Fairfield, will be sorry to learn that he is confined to his home af- ter undergoing an operation for ap- pendicitis recently.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MES. WILLIAM H. GRIFFITH of Clinton avenue is entertaining as her house guest Mrs. J. c. Witter of Kingston, N. Y.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

4 ELIAS HOWE. JR., Women's Re- lief Corps, will hold a special meeting on Thursday afternoon at 2:30 o'clock in the C.. A. R. hall on Main street It is requested that there be a large at- tendance as business of importance will be transacted.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MISS SARAH LINDSAY of Col orado avenue entertained at a small birthday dinner party last evening at the Black Rock Country club.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MISS BETTY RAVENS, daughter of Col. and Mrs. Elmer H. Ravens of Clinton avenue, is expected home this week from Carr Pond, Portage, Me, where she has been entertained by Col. and Mrs. Henry A. Bishop.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MISS soDETTE- FEDoR of Green field HUI, gave a beach party on Sat urday 7even1ug- in honor of her house guests, Miss Helen Gould. Miss Edith Smedberg and Mrs. Molly Bjursted- Mallory, all of New York.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MRS. I. DE YER WARNER of Park place, has left for an extensive motor trip with friends from New York.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

THE ENGAGEMENT of Miss Chris tine We1les, of Stratford, and Eric G. Benedict of Boston, Mass, has re-
 gently been announced.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1920-08-24

MRS. J. W. WILDS of Brooks street, and Miss Mary Buckley of Coleman street returned yesterday from Springfield, Mass, after visiting for. fortnight at the home of MT. and Mrs. M. J. Brennan.
The Holly chieftain., 1920-03-04

Gus parts of the United States
have been described in q recent
publication of the United States
department of agriculture. A de-
tailed description of these houses
and their uses, together with re-
production of photographs, appear
in Rural Community Buildings in
the United States" Copies of this
bulletin may be had at 10 cents
each by addressing the Superin-
tendent of Documents. Govern
ment Printing Office Washington,
DC.
The activities Of these e0mmuni-
ties and their community buildings
are representative, in many respects
Of q movement which Is growing
rapidly Throughout the country.
The data given are designed to be
helpful to other towns and rural
districts interested in organizing
their social activities and erecting
structure for housing them.
According to the bulletin, nearly
900 community houses have been
built in the United States. The
majority have been constructed
sin ce 1912. OF the total numbers
studied by the investigators, 20l
were in. places OF $500 inhabitants,
50 were in the open country, and IS
in larger towns and cities.
The pamphlet shows that large
number of these projects were
financed by popular subscription.
Others were the gift of individuals
or private concerns and few were
erected with public funds and are
under the control of local officials.
The publication contains many de-
tails regarding methods of manage.
ment and maintenance. Dues, as
The Holly chieftain., 1920-03-04

the sort described in this bulletin.
Some of those listed are inexpen-
sive, having cost rs low as 5000.
while others represent an invest
ment of $25, 600 or $4,000.
The Holly chieftain., 1920-03-04

sessments, rentals derived from
uses on special occasions. receipts
from hOme-talent entertainments,
and mOtiOn-picture shows are
among the sources OF revenue men,
The Holly chieftain., 1920-03-04

toned.
The Investigators maintain that
every community. whether its re-
sources be large or small, would
profit by community structure OF
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

ferred TO the League OF Nations with
reservations, and It brought forth i'm.
mediate calls for Senator johnson. the
session was promptly adjourned.
The only other bit Of oratory was n
speech by Uncle Joe Cannon, who
frankly admitted that he was al a
loss 10 know what he could safely talk
about, for half an hour the vast au.
dienee for half an hour or more with
"reminiscences Of early Republican his
tory. In what speech making there
Wns the names q Lincoln, Grant and
Roosevelt were not overlooked.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

Paris-Pope Benedict's conditions Is
serious, according to news received
from Rome. He is unable to perform
his duties il was said. A Rome dis
patch stated that the Pope was suffer
ing from an attack of rheumatism.
Phoenix, Ariz-Without a trace OF
emotion except sullenness, Mrs. Con.
chon Olive confessed in court here
that she had punished" her 7year-old
daughter by wrapping cloth packed
with red hot Goals about her feet and
legs. The woman is held on $4,000
bonds.
Dublin--A manifesto, pledging sup
port for the Dublin railwaymen and
lockers in their refusal to handle mu'
nitions, has been issued by the execu'
tives of the Irish labor party and
trade union congress. The manifesto
defies the king and the British govern.
ment
Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.--About ten
carloads of hay and other property of
considerable value were destroyed
when fire consumed two warehouses
at Rudyard, near here. Sparks from
a railroad engine are believed to have
caused the fire.
Shawnee. Ohio-When a GAINESVILLE
and Western passenger train hit an
automobile at a crossing here killing
three persons, baby was thrown
from the machine directly on the pilot
Of the engine. When the train was
stopped the baby was taken from The
pilot uninjured.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
A Feeling of Security

You naturally feel secure when you
know that the medicine you are about to
take is absolutely pure and contains no
harmful or habit producing drugs.
Such a medicine is Dr.. Kilmer's Swamp
Root, kidney, liver and bladder remedy.
The same standard of purity, strength
and excellence is maintained in every
bottle of Swamp Root.
1t is scientifically compounded from
vegetable herbs.
1t s not a stimuant and 10 taken in,
teaspoonful doses.
1t is not recommended for everything.
1t is natures great helper in relieving
and overcoming kidney. liver and blad-
der troubles.
A sworn statement Of purity is with
every bottle Of DIR. Kilmer's Swamp
Root.
II you need a medicine, you should
have the best. On sale at all drug stores
in bottles of two sizes, medium and large.
However, if you wish first to try this
great preparation send ten cents to DR..
Kilmer & Co., Binghamton, N. Y, for
sample bottle. When writing be sure and
mention this paper.-Adv.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

gates who had never before partlci-
pated IN "A national convention the
game Of national politics.
A marked feature Of previous con
yentiOns that was almost entirely
missed AZ this one was the previous or
atorical efforts Of party leaders. Spell
binding Was not INDUCED In this time.
Before the adoption Of the platform It
was not considered safe 10 do too
much talking At one short session
Chauncey Depew entertained the audi.
ence for 4 time with characteristic
speech, but when be Inadvertently re-
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
Home

Home cannot be given us. We msy
be given a house. place to eat end
sleep. This is not a home. A home
ia a place OF love and rest and peace.
Love and rest and pence must be de
served must be earned. Nobody can
hand them to you as so many pack.
ages. They are matters OF reciprocity.
II you have none 10 give, there will
be but little for you TO receive.--West.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
|CutiCura Soap!
Compilations
Are Healthy
Soap Csc, Ointment rs and Soc, Tsleun 25c.
HEALS RUNNING Sores

II feel it my duty to write you a letter
OF thanks for your wonderful Peterson's
Ointment | had a running sore on my
left leg for one year. l began to use
now it is healed. "A. c. Gilbrath, 7O3
Reed St, Erie, Pa.
For years l have been selling through
druggists a large box of PETERSON'S
power in this ointment is marvellous
Eczema goes in a few days. Old sores
heal up like magic; piles that other RENE
dies do not seem to even relieve are
speedily conquered. Pimples and nasty
olackheads disappear In a week and the
distress of chatting goes in a few minutes
Mail orders filled. Peterson Ointment Co,
Inc. Buffalo. N. Y.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

ed with nervous prostration. "-Mrs. J.
CHRIsTMAN, 1873 Oak Street, Bingham
ton, New York.
The success of Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound, made from roots
and herbs, is unparalleled. 1t may be
used with perfect confidence by women
who suffer from nervous prostration,
displacements, inflammation, ulcera-
tion, irregularities. periodic pains, back
ache, bearing-down feeling, fatulency,
indigestion and dizziness. Lydia (.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound is the
standard remedy for female ills.
If there are any complications about
which you need advice write in con-
fidence to Lydia E. Pinkham Medicine
Co., Lynn, Mass.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
CONVENTION INCIDENTS

II was proclaimed at the opening Of
the convention that II was an IN
bossed, leaderless gathering. In the
end il was certainly not leadcrless
such men rs Senators Lodge, SmOot,
Watson, Knox. former Senator Muir
ray Crane, Nationol Committeeman
King, and a number Of others who
have for q number of years been rec0g
ffzed as party leaders we're active IN
directing the work Of the convention
and Id teaching g1e nearly 400 dele
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
Home of Mocha Coffee

All the genuine Mocha coffee and
me skins known TO the trade as mo-
has come from che Yemen plateau,
~ Arabia From Sana, the center and
"arital Of this rich and fertile district,
~ Aden o. the coast IN about NV
miles and 10 Hedeida about 80 miles.
Everything ~ transported on the backs
81 .ameIs though railroad thirty
miles long running from Alden 10 La
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
"Same lnsoIent Germany"

At the annual public meeting OF
the French Academy Of Science Pres
ident Guignard told of the part play
ed by science in the victory OF the
Allies, and explained the inventions
produced to oppose the devices used
by the enemy.
NJ. Guignard declared that Germany
today was the same as hef lre, with
the same lnsolent scorn for Promises
made and the same hope for nh op'
FORTUNE return OF her strength.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
World in DANCER From Plague.

Danger from plague-infected ports
in the Mediterranean is pointed out
by Doctor Beaumetz of the Pasteur in
stitute, who says that reports show a
rccvudescence of the plague, especially
lu Syria, Saliniki, Alexandria and Con
StantinOple, where energetic measures
are being taken, especially for the pro-
lection OF allied troops. Doctor Beau
metz expresses the opinion that the
plngue will not become general, hut
urges strict sanitary measures at
French ports.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17


I"bN'hll"h man '''''" W '''
nomination Tor pr'7'"'Il was """c WI
the TENN oa'Io" Inc l'', u"
that baIlo' LOT 'I'' men WI" VA" u''''
the leading candidates was: h"FuIne'
o4'1a WOOD, lo't2 Lo"o'h' ~
Johnson, ho 10
After II Is all over tIat Is the news
il TOOK ive strenuous days 10 produce
That is all mat the great mass 0i me
public viii remember. But Tor tho'e
who had part IN the contest u VIII.
be an experience to be remembered Tor
a lifetime, and the convention H I'-o
will go down in the history "i I'D" ho-
publican party as one OF the harvest
wagcd battles OF the party existence
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

Gratis
How much is it?" snarled the Gus
toner as he clappedson his hat.
Just 20 cents for the shave sir"
the barber responded pleasantly. II
will not charge you anything for the
plaster put on the places where |
cut you-glad to oblige'
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

plllnu was gloomy,
could see no light on
anything, could not
work and could not
have anyone to see
me. Doctors med
fcine did not help me
and Lydia E. Pink
|h a m 8 Vegetable
compound was re-
commended. / took
i t a n d a m now
wv e i. ! recon-
n1nn6 II 70 oil HI;ot
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17

II doesn't matter how rich they get
the poor still have their troubles. A
waitress In New York restaurant re-
ported to the police that some thief
had stolen her $3.50 fur coat.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
NERVOUS
PROSTRATION
Mrs. ]. Christman Proved
That Lydia (. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound is q
Remedy for this Trouble.

Binghamton, N. Y.-'T was in very
nervous condition for over a year, my
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
Buffalo, N. Y. June IL

Buffalo. N. Y, June IL
CATTLE-Receipts. 275; strong
CALVES-Receipts. 1900; steady; IS. 0oa
1900
HOGS-Receipts, $500; good PC higher
heavy, tl45odl52S; mixed and workers.,
SIS aod16oo; light workers.. $lA00d16 90;
pigs. sl350; roughs. sl20oQl2 rs; stays 81 %
az 10.
SHEEP AND L.AMBS-Receipts, LOO:
sheep, 50c lower; lambs. s14o0d0O0; few,
81 90; yearlings $s01d1760; wethers SIC. LOO
@10b0; ewes, $oOq95 so; mixed sheep, ss5
$1,000.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
MINNEAPOLIS MARKETS.
Grain, Provisions, Etc.

July ...1029-S les LOl% lo2%
Sept. ....SS% S4Ss .S24 Sta
Rye
July ...2.oSlb-sh 2osx 2.o7H 2oS4
Sept. ..1.90lh 1914 1.SS lss%
FLOUR-Car lots, per brl, IS Id sack ba-
sis: Rye. white. In 1ute, SO. s0Gll 90; dark
rye, A75Q925; spring wheat, special
brands, s475415c0; TO retail trade, $3.50
6l5.75 hard spring, sl4 40a1465: first
clears slOO0GlO76; second clears, s7759
SIS; hard winter, sl3 5q135o; soft winter
275qlSo0.
HAY-Cholce and No timothy, $1,000
400 standard and No. l clover mixed.
S2S O0q41o0: No ! and No. 2, $50 Ooa8S 90;
No. 8 timothy. s27 00a3s,00.
BUTTER-Creamery. extras, 90 score
54c; higher scoring commands a premi-
UNI; firsts. 81 score. &c. $3.50 score, 40
&c: seconds 1887 score. <2147c; central
lied, 6Si.c; ladies', 461p46c; renovated. 49c
packing stock, $4,000. Price TO retail
trade; Extra tubs 56ifc; prints, 5sIac.
EGGs-Firsts S7QS9c; ordinary frsts
841hdS5lac; miscellaneous lots. cases In
cluded, S7a3sc; cases returned. s6Qs7c;
extras, packed in wildwood cases. 45l4al
461ac; checks, 25a3Oc; dirties, 2sG5lc: stor-
age firsts, hlsqhAc; extras, 42laG42&c.
LIVE POULTRY-Fowls, 3O1tc; broilers
o4uooC, TOosleTh, 1UqE<Cs uuShsi EoQ SoC,
Geese, 20c,
ICED POULTRY Turkeys, tSa5oc;
fowls 3ea3lc; ROSTERS. 20G22c; ducks, ESQ
Csc; geeae. 2Od22c.
OLD POTATOES-Pe 100 lbs, northern
round, $500
NEW POTATOEs-Per bri, $le5o117 co.
sacked. 100 lbs, s., 50lil0,b0.
CATTLE-Choice to prime steers. $500
OTTO; good to choice steers, 81. 01I16, %;
fair to good steers $l250Gl4 q; stockers
and feeders SS75al200; yearlings. fair to
choice. s12OCd1625; good to prime cows,
* 5OQ120O; fair TO good heifers. $1,000
1900 fair to good cows, s7o0Q90o; can
ners S00d5sO; cutters. s6,00p72 rs: veal
calves. Sl3cogl525; bologna bulls. E.Na
$50
HOGS-Choice light butchers, N475d
1910; medium VT. butchers. sl4 55914 80;
heavy butchers 270-35O lbs. 81 O0914. s5;
fair to fancy light, .25a15I0; mixed
packing, s13759l44O; heavy packing. tls 90
Gl375; rough packing, s12 25Ql325; pigs.
tl10O@1225; stays. *10.0Og11.00.
SHEEP-Native spring lambs tl30OQ
1850; California lambs SIS 0oGI17.75; clipped
lambs. 81 5O616.75 wethers, r.ooQl0.oo;
ewes, SO. 0oaS6O.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1920-06-17
BY WRIGHT A. PATTERSON.

For President-Wsrren c. Harding
Of Ohio
For Vice presldent-Calvin Coolidge
Of Massachusetts.
Roanoke Rapids herald. [volume] (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.) 1914-192?, 1920-12-31
POLITICAL LINES SUBMERGED
Rainey's Bitter Attack Against the
Bill Increased In Intensity as
the Debate Wore on.

Neutrality-suspicious. the protests oi
defiant minority. the house adopted
the Fordney emergency tariff bill by
vote OF 1876 to sc. The vote was
taken at S:45 o'clock, after eight
hours OF debate.
Political lines were swept aside on
the final vote, Al democrats and one
prohibitionist combining with 154
republicans in supporting the meas
ure. while IA republicans lined UP
with " democrats against the bill.
1t was evident long before the vote
was taken that supporters of the
measure designed to protect some
2O-odd farm products for a 10 months
period, had the situation we'll in hand
But Representative Henry T. Rainey
democrat, of Illinois, leading the op.
position, opened bitter attack which
increased in intensity as the debate
wore on.
Paragraph by paragraph, he as
saulted the measure while the repub-
leans with loud roars of noes" sent
his proposed amendments down to
defeat.