The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1920-01-03

when the car has some speed the Sec
ond man will let go and the third will
be able to keep the car in motion with
comparatively little effort. Thus, a
more powerful engine will be neces-
sary for starting the car, than for
keeping 1t going.
So we find that much greater turn
ing power is required from the engine,
when the car is climbing hill, or when
it is being started into motion.
The car must De able to ascend hills
and start into motion, but 80 per cent.
Of the time it is travelling on the level.
This means that if the engine is built
large enough to climb the hills for 80
per cent. of the time, an excess weight
Of engine will have to be carried, with
the extra cost Of fuel, etc, which
would result therefrom.
A good designer will try to find
some way Of using the smaller engine,
and adding some device which will en-
the hill climbing and starting into mo
ton. Placing set Of levers between
the engine and the rear wheels will
accomplish this. AS a system or train
or gears, is system of levers, the
problem will be solved by placing sets
of gears between the engine and rear
wheels. or, in other words, having the
power of the engine transmitted to
the rear wheels by them. Thus we
have the Transmission.
Let us Sc how the gears act as
levers.
Have you ever watched safemovers
move heavy safe by the use of a
crowbar? What they do is shown in
Fig l. Here the point A is the ground.
II the distance B is ten times as great
as the distance c, a man by exerting
pressure Of 100 pounds at D can ex-
ert a pressure Of 1000 pounds at E.
Let US now assume that A is the
center and e the circumference of
the propeller shaft of the automobile,
and that D is on the circumference
Of gear B fastened to this shaft, as
shown in Fig. 2. If it takes a pressure
Of 1000 pounds on the circumference
Of the shaft at E to drive the car up
the steepest grade, then by driving
the gear B, by the gear F. and making
the engine of such size, that a pres
sure Of 100 pounds is exerted by the
gear F on the gear B, the car will be
driven up this steepest grade.
The room for the transmission of
the automobile is necessarily limited,
and IL the single gear, as shown, were
used, it would take up more room than
can be allowed for it. So the designer
must look about for some way Of using
gears which will take up less hoom,
and yet give the required leverage.
The natural solution is to have sets
OF gears, one set, say, to give lever
age OF 3, the other of 1-3. giving a
y n
Let US, therefore make the gear B
smaller in diameter, say only 1-3
times that of the shaft E. and let us
convert E into gear. then let us move
the shaft connected to the propeller
shaft to the position shown by H, Fig.
3. By now placing a gear. J, having
diameter times that OF the shaft
H. and driving this gear by the gear
E, we will have two sets of small
gears, one giving leverage Of to 1
and the other of 13 to !, or a total
Of 10.
Thus, if 1000 pounds is required at
the circumference Of H, only 1913 1-3
pounds will be required at X. the cir,
conference of the gear ], and as the
gear B is 8 3 the diameter Of the
gear E. it will have a leverage Of 3
to 1 and only 100 pounds will be re-
quired at the point D, which is the
pressure required from the engine as
before.
Having the gears placed as shown
means three shifts and three sets of
bearings for them. BY placing the
gears Fl and P on the same center, one
set of these bearings, and consider
able room can be saved. In Fig |
have shown view from the top Of the
transmission as developed so far, with
the gears and on the same center
AS the gears B and E are on the
| same center and revolve at the same