The Arizona copper camp., 1920-01-03
T HE r Y

H. ". 1HOIndS writes IN part in
Scribner's: Theory is by "thoughtless
thinkers" disparaged in advocacy OF
the practical; yet theory is a general
ization of the principles on which
practice proceeds, The merely prac-
tical man is prone to overlook the
fact that ideas are among the first of
facts.
When theory is in accordance
with all the conditions and facts,
there is sound theory; when practice
proceeds on the principles of estabt
lished theory, there is good practice.
Pasteur was an enthusiastic advo-
cate of theory. Without it practice
was but routine; theory alone could
develop the spirit of invention He
told how the modern telegraph had
its birth, in 1922, in the apparently
chance observation of the Danish
physicist Oersted that a wire carry
ing an electric current deviated a
magnetized needle. That discovery
was barely 20 years old when it pro-
duced by its application the almost
supernatural effects of the electric
telegraph. Pasteur held that true
theories are characterized by being
able to predict new facts.
Tyndall held that by his observa.
tions and reflections in the domain
of fact the scientific philosopher is
led irresistibly into the domain of
theory, his final repose depending on
absolute harmony between 10th do
mains
To the late distinguished member
of the Institute of France, Henri Poin-
care, the scientific world is indebted
for setting forth in convincing Ian
guage of the role hypothesis has
played in development of science. He
holds that while upon a superficial
view the ephemeral nature of scien-
tific theories takes by surprise the
man of the world, even those theories
that are discredited have not been in
vain-of each of them some traces
still remain, in which is to be found
the true reality.
NeWton's Achievement
Sir Isaac Newton's procedure in
establishing his theory of univer-
sal gravitation was that of the true
scientist. Conceiving that gravity
acted between all particles of the
universe in the same way as on the
earth, he proceeds to test the propo-
sition by inaccurate value of the
earth's radius, then in use, the com
putation seemed to show the law of
attraction was not as his theory re-
duired. Although unshaken, he lays
aside his calculations. Thirteen years
after, a new determination of the
earth's radius having been made, he
repeats the investigation and finds
the theory verified. Five years later
he was induced to consider the whole
subject of gravitation, and solved the
supplementary problems that finally
established his theory.
While the far-reaching mind of
Newton evolved the then daring idea
that the sublime, inscrutable, central
force of astronomy was nothing but
commonplace gravity, it was by la
borious calculation and observation
over many years that he finally estab-
lished the greatest induction ever
made in physical science. Sir Isaac
;e careful to state that he frames no
hvnotbe1-is as to the cause of the
pronerties of ,~raYity. He shows him
self a theorist of th5 highest rank
he does not confuse theory proper
with unverifiable hypothesis. Wlth
unsurpassed mental power and greaE
simplicity of character, his aim Is
to discover Truth, to know Nature,
and the ways of Natures God--the
Universal Ruler, he styles Him.
Darwin, after the central ideas of
his theory was suggested, fortified
it with an amazing mass of facts,
through years of unparalleled indus
try. While collecting facts he was
reasoning upon those facts and an
swering objections that arose in his
own mind-he was with supreme
honesty testing the theory by the
facts. He discovered the principle
of natural selection, which seems to
control the progress of changes,
whatever the originating cause.
What is considered established III
science is the general theory that
species are descended from one an
other and from common ancestors
While establishment of this theory
COUNTY OF PINAL--
Claims Audited Novem ber
Estimat
Expendit
1919-19
ACcpccor'c OffiOo