davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-01-16
BEATEN IN CAUCUS,
I. CLEMENCEAUQU|TS
French Premier, Outdistanced
by DeschaneI, Withdraws as
Candidate for President
WANTS P0INCARE TO RUN
BY the Associated Press

Paris, Jan. 16.--A joint parliamen :
tary caucus of the Senate and Chamber
of Deputies today cast secret ballot
for choice of presidential candidate.
The vote resulted as follows:
Paul Deschanel. president of the
Chamber of Deputies. 408; Premier
Clemenceau. $50; Charles G. A. JON
part, recently elected senator, a; Leon
Bourgeois. French representative in the
league of nations, 3; Marshal Focb, 4;
President Poincare. 16.
Premier Clemenceau today announced
that he would withdraw as candidate
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-01-16

for the presidency. He asked his sup !,
porters to vote for President Haymond
Poincare for re election.
A deputation of senator's and depu
ties left the Chamber for the Elysee
Palace to ask President Poincare to
stand for re election.
The attendance at the parliamentary
caucus was large. The balloting began
at p. m. :,
The presidential! election will be held
tomorrow.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-01-16
u.eost Captain Not a Suicide

Berlin, Jan. 16.-(By A. PAN
nouncement that Captain Moraht, com :
mander Of the submarine which sank
the French battleship Danton and other
vessels, had committed suicide in q
Hamburg hospital, printed in the Lokal
Anzeiger yesterday, was erroneous. IT
was an older brother who committed
suicide.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1920-01-16
PAN AMERICAN ENJOYS HERE
Delegates From Argentina, Panama,
Peru and Uruguay Reach N. Y.

New York, Jan. 16.--(By A. P.)-
Delegates from South and Central
America to the Pan American financial
congress which meets at Washington
January 10, arrived here today on the
British steamship Orcoma.
The delegates are: Argentina, DR..
Domingo e. Salaberry and DR.. Ricardo
G. Aldao Panama. Jose A. Arrange
and Luis f. Alfaro; Peru, DR.. Fer
nando G. Fuchs and Ricardo Bullen
Uruguay, Ricardo Vecino and DR.,
Florencio Aragon Etchart.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

Section 3. JURISDICTION OF SUI
PREME COURT. The supreme court
shall have jurisdiction to review. upon
appeal, any decision of the district
courts, or the judges thereof, and any
order of the public utilities commits
sion: the Legislature may provide
conditions of appeal. scope of appeal,
and procedure on appeal from orders
OF the public utilities commission.
The supreme court shall also have
original jurisdiction to issue writs of
mandamus, certiorari, prohibition. and
habeas corpus, and all writs necessary
or proper to the complete exercises of
its appellate jurisdiction.
Sec. 2. The question to be submit,
ted to the electors of the State of Ida
no at the next general election shall
be as follows
Shall Section 9, of Article ". of
the Constitution of the State of Ida
no be amended so as to provide that
the supreme court shall have iuris-
diction of appeals from orders OF the
public utilities commission.
Sec. 8. The Secretary of State is
hereby directed to publish this pro-
posed constitutional amendment for
six consecutive weeks prior to the
next general election in one newspap-
er of general circulation published in
each county.
Passed the House Feb. Is, 1919.
Passed the Senate Feb 26, 1919.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14
HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 8
A JOINT RESOLUTION


PROPOSING AMENDMENT OF SEC
TION 6 OF ARTICLE V. OF THE
STATE CONSTITUTION AND SUB
HITTING TO THE ELECTORS OF
THE STATE FOR THEIR APPROX
AL OR REJECTION THE CUES
TlON OF WHETHER SAID SEC
TION SHALL BE so AMENDED
THAT THE SUPREME COURT
SHALL CONSIST OF FIVE JUS
TlCES INSTEAD OF THREE.
WHEREAS, the growth of the state
since its admission to the Union in
1890, has brought a great increase in
the volume and Importance of litiga-
ton coming for final decision before
the supreme court, and
WHEREAS, the membership of the
court under the constitution is limit
cd to three justices, who, notwith-
standing their ability and industry.
are unable to keep up with the grow
ing volume of work, and
WHEREAS, the present congested
condition of the supreme court calen-
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

dar, through no fault on the part of
the court practically leads to a de-
NAL of Justice in many cases by rea-
son OF the delay incident to the hear
ing cf causes and appeals, and
WHEREAS. Idaho has arrived at
that point in it's growth where larger
court is necessary to carry on the or
binary and regular business of the
court:
NOW THEREFORE, BE 1T RE
SOLVED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF
THE STATE OF IDAHO:
Section l. That that portion of
Section 6, of article V. of the state
constitution, reading as follows:
The supreme court shall consist
of three justices, a majority of whom
shall be necessary to make a quorum
or pronounce decision" shall be
amended to read as follows:
Tho supreme court shall consist of
tive justices, a majority of whom
shall be necessary to make a quorum
or pronounce decision, "At the en-
eral election at which this am snGment
is submitted. the legislature shall
make provision for the election O.
WV cuiiH Oiidt Justices, one LOT liz
term Of four years and one for sle
term Of six Years, and if this amend
lent is lst:fied, the justices so elected
shall take office on the first Monday
of January, 1921"
Section 2. The question to be sub
mitted to the electors of the state at
the next general election in order to
determine whether they will approve
or reject the amendment proposed in
Section /, shall be as follows:
Shall Section 6 of article V. of the
state constitution be amended so as
to increase the membership of the
surreme court from three to five JUS
tees and providing for the election
and terms OF office of said additional
iustices?"
Section g. The secretary of state
is hereby authorized to make publica-
ton of these proposed constitutional
amendments in each county once a
week for six consecutive weeks prior
to the next general election in news
paper of general circulation published
in each county
Passed the House Feb. IA, 1919.
Passed the Senate Feb. 81, 1919
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

Published every Tuesday at Bonners
.erry' Idaho, in the interests of ths
Nooterai Valley of Idaho. Entered az
'econd class matter, January 1, 1905,
It the postoffice at Boomers Ferry,
,aaho' under the Act Of Congress OF
March 8. 1879.
Subscription rates, s2.O0 per year In
paid in advance; $3.50 otherwise:
Canada and foreign countries, s2.s0
yearly in advance.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14
HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION NO.

A JOINT RESOLUTION.
TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE ELECT
ORS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
FOR REJECTION OR APPROVAL
AMENDING SECTION 9, OF ARTI-
GLE v, OF THE STATE CONSTI-
TUITION RELATING TO THE JUR-
ISDICTION OF THE SUPREME
COURT.
Be it Resolved, by the House of Rep
resentatives of the State of Idaho,
the Senate Concurring:
Section l. That Section 8, of Arti-
Gle ". of the Constitution of the State
of Idaho be amended to read as fol-
lows
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14
REPUBLICAN TICKET

For President, Warren C. Harding,
of Ohio
For Vice-President, Calvin Coolidge
of Massachusetts.
State.
United States Senator, Frank r.
Gooding, of Gooding.
Congressman, First District. Bur-
ton l.. French, of Latah.
Congressman, Second District. Adj
Olson t, Smith. of Twin Falls.
Governor, d. w. Davis, of Power.
Lieutenant Governor, c. c. Moore.
of jefferson.
Secretary of State, Robert o. Jones,
of Shoshone.
Auditor e. II. Gallet, of Bannock.
Attorney General Roy o. Black, OF
Kootenai.
Treasurer, Daniel Banks, of Canyon.
superintendent of Public Instruc-
ton, Ethel e. Redfield, of Nez Perez.
Mine Inspector, Stewart Campbell,
of Blaine
Presidential Electors.
Harry L. McDougal, of Pocatello:
Mrs Robert S McCrea, of Standpoint:
r. j. Comstock, of Madison, and p.
NJ Harding, of Lewis.
For Supreme Judges.
For regular term, Judge Robert N.
Dunn, of Occur d'Alene; for the pro-
visional six year term, William A.
Lee, of American Falls; for the pro-
visional four year term, Judge Charles
Mccarthy, of Boise.
County.
State Senator, C. w. King, Boomers
Ferry.
State Representative, O. II. Camp
bell, Bonners Ferry.
County Commissioners list dis
trict, w 70. Rath, Porthill; End dis
trict, J. A. WEIGH, Bonners Ferry;
Srd district, G. S. Collins, Bonners
Ferry.
Sheriff, Ralph Fisher, Copeland.
County Treasurer, e. Des Voignes,
Bonners Ferry.
Probate Judge, e. r. Henderson,
Boomers Ferry.
County Attorney, o. G. Wilson, Bon
ners Ferry.
Assessor, Frank Davis, Bonners
Ferry.
Coroner, G. D. simonds, Bonners
Ferry.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

Good Buys in Used Cars at the Ser
vice Garage. If you are in the market
for car see the bargains at the Ser
vice Garage. advtf'
Let us tailor you for cool, two
piece suit. You can order these suits
with confidence, because the tailoring
will be executed by ED V. PRICE e.
CO., nationally known for quarter
of century as specialists in that
thoroughbred type of tailoring that in
variably invites the question, WHO'S
YOUR TAILOR? Walden Bros, local
representatives. adv
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

For Sale-Good saddle horses and
work horses. Inquire at A. ]. Kent's
once. iuly27tf
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14
100 ACRES-$4,75O

Quarter section; 65a. best aid
er bottom land, 40 a. alfalfa or
clover land, 20 a. cleared and in
crop, wheat, timothy, alfalfa.
clover; s room house in good
condition; water piped to house
and barn; barn for A head stock:
hay shed tool house; schoolhouse
on place; large chicken house
and scratching shed; a. under
chicken wire fencing; good cell
lar under house.
Railroad station and siding on
the place; automobile road para
leling railroad. II a. alder
slashed and ready to burn. Place
nearly all fenced and cross
fenced. Price S4,75O, terms. See
W. G. Reid. june29tf
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

FOR SALE-Five passenger 1918
ctpnhens auto in good condition and
,heap for cash. Inquire at the K. V.
produce Co. Store. adv 3tSept6C.
Bonners Ferry herald. [volume] (Bonners Ferry, Idaho) 1904-current, 1920-09-14

For President, Warren G. Harding,
of Ohio
For Vice-President, Calvin Coolidge
of Massachusetts.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

anime the condition Of the canals and
improvements with q view TO water
power development, the first real ster
towards power development for future
ammunition manufacturing
II was not, however. until 1915 that
Congress approved the recommended
ton for hydro-eIectric development AT
Muscle Shoals.
When the arrangement was finally
made for building the big air nitrate
plant at Muscle Shoals, work was be
gun on power dam at the same point.
This work is being conducted directly
by the United States Engineers Corps
and not by contract 1t win not be
completed, however, for two or three
more years. 1t was necessary. there
fore. simultaneously with the building
of the nitrate plant and in order to
insure immediate operation when It
was completed. to construct a $40
ooo.0O0 steam power plant. one OF the
largest steam electric plans In the
world. This power plant Is capable
Of operating the nitrate plant at full
capacity. When the water power plant
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02


9 tpt-'jtct.u, ,,e steam plstut ~ut
serve rs auxiliary power In time Of
low water. Even had the water power
pant been completed during the war
II would have been necessary also to
construct a steam plant In order TO IN
sure the working Of the nitrate plant at
fuil capacity at all times during the
year, and the other industries that will
grow around the hydro-eIectric plant
Now this hinge combination of man
ufacturing plant, power plant and
permanent city cost the government
$60.O000oO. 1t was put through at q
time when the costs Of materials anuf
labor were at their summit. II vas
built at record speed and speed costs
money. The question naturally arises.
then, as TO whether Uncle Sam got his
moneys worth.
Tests made after the plant was in
operation showed that ammonium nj
trate OF standard specifications could b
produced at this plant at cost OF less
than one-half the standard fixed price
paid by the government for ammonium
nitrate produced by the older methods
This cost is only about one-fourth to
one fifth the cost OF other high ex-
plosives Of equal strength. Compared
with the Older process for making a1s-
monium nitrate, the savings made by
this plant would have paid for tia
entire plant In about one and oDA-ha6
years OF operation. AS military
weapon it would have proved, had the
war lasted, to be the visest and nnnst
economical expenditure that the Ord
nance Department had undext1kem-
But just before the plant went snt~
operation Germany capituiated, -
that the nitrate made at Muscle
Shoals was never used In the woriA
war. Nevertheless. there can ~
DO doubt that the knowledge OF The
German High Command that tbs
United States had completed it's mann
moth plant and was ready to supply
unlimited ammunition to it's armies
was one Of the chief reasons why tho
Central Powers did not risk a cam.
paign in 1919. II we compare the cost
of the Muscle Shoals plant with tAs
cost Of continuing the war for ano<Aer1
year and admit that that plant con-
tributed materially to the stopping Of
the war, Ii will be conceded that
SEC, 900, 900 was a small price to pay
for such a result
But the chief value OF the Muscle
Shoals plart will be to coming genera
tons. This defense will tend powerfully |
toward making other nations slow to at
tack this country. Should such an af-
tack come. we will be prepared to Do J
fend it. Never again will the Anneri- |
can people have to face the disgrace
of being unable 10 provide even The
smallest of standing armies with mora
than two or three rounds of ammo
milton. Never again will a predatory
power, believing US helpless to defend !,
ourselves, arrogantly haunt our dip!o-
matte notes Of protest against interna-
tional wrongs II the League of Ma
tons is to be success, that success
will he assured because II has the
backing Of tn" great powers OF the
earth ready 70 resist with armed force
any OUTLAY nation that seeks TO violate
the uew principle OF international
brotherhood The world looks to the
United States as one of those guard
ians Of future. peace.
Muscle Shoals ia one of her chief
credentials.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02
BY GARRETT SMITH.

4 r: :: g.; :: =: e. s &c.,: {: ::
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

then could the Central Powers con-
tinue the war for five years? The
answer lay in q process for extracting
nitrogen from the air. This process
had been successful in producing a
high-grade heterogeneous fertilizer from
which 10 turn nitric acid and ammonia
could be extracted and combined into
ammonium nitrate Germany. there
fore, fell 70 manufacturing ammonium
nitrate from the air on a large scale
Now it Happened that in 1907 an
American company headed by Frank s.
rights TO this process and had gone
into manufacturing the fertilizer on
the Canadian side Of he Niagara Falls
When America found herself in the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

on Life" Tr Rowland has enjoyed
= -1ert.- successful Eaetoratc and IN
derstaDd the working 81 the modern
miracle ~ euliet0c men AZ the SORE
Vic" NJ tn" klnCdpm EYrr} word af
his message wa based ON o. -, soma,
experience and bcu~ reinforced ae II
waS IN this substantial way his IDEAS
carried conviction. lie spoke at the
caN ~ God pp t5u, or mauey. and
on life itself and bend up aa
the matchjesS 'dea} Of The message ii
sacrifice 1t SELF comparable ulth tho
dedication ard aC1 flee Of Jesus for
the church
Give Us the men to u9u the Qc+d
said the speaker. and We shall have
no trouble In raising ho millions re
quesfed for financing tho Kingdom
of Christ I'm 3te effort tn tsae Lhe
world Tor Him
Afternoon Session.
The afternoon session Wa rharar-
terized by the presentation ot thc plan
OF organization Of tho Campaign ty
the general committee Tn speak
ers were: Field secretary. Dr. j. -.
Atkinson, organization ami publicity
secretary, Or. " 4 Harper speakers
bureau and advertising secretary.
tary Charles - Johnston and
treasurer. G. r, West
Three great moments stand
o0t aa unspoakablY inspiring dur
ing this afternoon session The
fret Was when Immediately fell
-low rs the reading or the cali te
arus ms presented by tho cam
uHEu directors the ministers
stood and pledged themselves 20
Wo"t tE@ requirements OF this
cali
The second was when the Eve
rtemhers Of the campaign com
.mtuee formed a senicirclc in tho
chaucel Of the pulpit while Their
chairman lJr J. o.. Atkinson,
road for them their letter of ac-
'ep'ance ~ which they said they
gladly. uudertooE the WORE re.
cause they &ero convinced X IL
ot cod
The thrd great moment came .
when On g. H. Rowland, Of
tTauh7n N4-. PRESENTED a series
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

NE OF the chief fortreSsss OF
u Americas new military de-
tense system which developed
out OF the world war Ia 10
Gated al Muscle Shoals. Alabama. IN
the Tennessee River. over three lr9-
dFed miles from the sea COST II is not
q fortress OF concrete empiacenents
and mammoth guns. Of trenches and
harhed- wire en'anglemeuts Il Is The
United States Governments new am
Fnoni0p nitrate plant the largest OF
Us ~Lnd I'm the world. capable of turn
ing oaa' en- tons Of high explosives per
cay " ssSur~s 70 the United States
fer an time an abundance of ammuni-
ton without which the large army Is
helpless enCumbrance and It has
made This unlimited supply Of e1plo-
siFes without resort TO raw material
from outside 81 the country.
In modern warfare an abundance Of
high explosives is an essential equalled
In Importance only by guns and men.
How necessary is an abundant supnly
Of ammunition is shown by the est
mate that during the world war Fl "a
CURED two tons OF ammunition 10 XIII
or permanently disable one soldier
Modern military explosives are divided
according 20 Their use into two classes.
propeiants fer hurting proje~ti,es. and
high explosives for bursting the bombs
or shells Eoth classes are nitrogen
compounds made from nitric acid ar
ammonia oe both The pyoperants are
SIR gua cotton and nitro give
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

world war still dependent upon the
Chilean nitrate supply, the Ordnance
Department turned to Mr. WaShburn 8
company for help. AS a result the Air
Nitrates Corporation was formed, with
Mr.. Washburn at its head II was as
sisted by several other well known
corporations as subconractors, spe-
cialists in their lines. such as the
Westinghouse Church Kerr Company.
which put up most of the plant build
ings, the plant, the permanent city and
utilities the J. g. White Corporation,
which designed and constructed the
power plant; the Chemical Construc-
ton Company. which designed and
built the nitric acid plant, and the NJ
w. Kellogg Company, which furnished
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02
ONE or MAIN BUILDINGS or MUSCLE SHOALS NITRATE
PLANT WHICH WILL RENDER FUTURE AMERICAN
GENERATIONS FREE FROM AMMUNITION SHORTAGE

er'r~ made by treating cotton or give
crime respectively with nitric acid The
three chief shell bursting explosives
are T n. 4, whose fun name ts Trl.
nitro-toluol, made by treating tolro,
With nitric acid picric ACID made nv
treating benzol with nitric acid and
ammonium nitrate which is a comh!na-
ton Of ammonia and nitric acid.
Now 1T will be seen that the essential
ingredient Of all these explosives is
nitric acid. Before the world war
the United States was entirely de-
pendent upon foreign country for
the supply Of the only chemical from
which nitric acid can be made com
mercially. This chemical, nitrate of
soda, had to he imported from Chile
over sea route $500 miles long by
way Of the Panama Canal. or 1000
miles By way Of the Straits Of Ma
gellan. 1t was evident. then, that
in case this country became involved
In war with any nation that could
control the sea our foe would have
us at her mercy; for she could cut
or our essential means Of striking
back.
But other nations were equally de-
pendent upon the Chilean nitrate
supI'Iy Germany before she became
embroii"G . the war with the rest Of
the world vas purchasing one third OF
the Chilean nitrate supply. She had
expected to hold the sea with her sub
marines bat failed and thereby lost
the Saw materials for supplying ex-
plosives for her Ruse army. How
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

~ the piping and built the
chimneys. Beginning work
in November 1917. big
plant and new city at Muscle Shoals
was completed within one years time
Had the expected spring drive Of 1919
naterialized this one plant alone
would have supplied IL per cent. of all
the ammonium nitrate used by all the
allied armies on all fronts during that
drive. AS il is, the United States is
secure for all time TO come against an
ammunition shortage,
The United States Government had
had its eye on Muscle Shoals ever
since 1871, when an abandoned canal
the state Of Alabama had started 10
build in 1852 around the Muscle Shoals
rapids was partially reconstructed by
the government A reduction in ap-
preparations prevented coTaa7ajl0n OF
the plans In 1S$aa board of engineer
ing officers Of the United States Army
recommended further navjcaaon i'm
proyemeUtS AT AaScle Shoals hv ca
nalization In 1907 another board of
army engineers was directed to ex-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1920-02-02

gionai districts for further intensive
the carrying out Of the plans OF the
campaign Following these group
meetings and gatherings teams VIII
Tisit each church ju the bounds ~
the convention whom The actual Sc
ZIP work will b. done
Madame PATTI loft an estate Of moro
than one half million dollars.
r'Annunzio' cashier has deserted
hlua. accompanied ley Il 600 900 francs
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1920-06-12

Copyright by International Feature Service. inc
Great Rights Registered u s. Patent Office
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1920-03-25
NEWS OF LYNDEN

Mr.. John Breen, the new partner
in the Farmers Mercantile Company,
began his work with that institution
this week.
G. w. Robertson attended the big
Seattle Auto Show last week. He
was in Seattle on Thursday, Friday
and Saturday.
Ellie Tremain is setting out fine
patch of strawberry plants this week.
Mrs. c. NJ. Bruins had very bad
fall last week. She strained her left
foot very badly.
Mrs. o. II. Olson had a minor op-
Grafton performed on her throat last
week. She had been troubled with
quinsy for some time.
Ben De Neui has accepted job in
the Farmers Mercantile Company
warehouses. He began work there
this week.
Sunday guests at the Floyd Massey
home at NoOksack were c. j. Ecker,
Evelyn, Lucille and Alma Ecker, and
Nels Jacobsen, jr.
The Lynden tribune. [volume] (Lynden, Wash.) 1908-current, 1920-03-25
LARGE GATHERING ATTENDS
BIERLINKs FUNERAL SERVICES

A large gathering of friends at.
tended funeral services Monday af.
ternoon at the family residence and
at the Christian Reformed Church
for the late Gerrit Bierlink, who pas.
sed away Saturday morning of pneu.
monia. Sermons were preached in
the Holland and English languages
by the Rev. f. Breen and the Rev
A. J. Brink.
Bierllnk was thirty-six years OF
age. He was born in Michigan. and
came to Lynden more than twenty
years ago.
besides his widow, Mrs. Dens
Bierlink, he is survived by his moth.
er, Mrs. Johanna Bierlink, two broth.
ers, Henry and John, and four child
rem, Fred, Nancy. Johanna and Ber-
tina Gertrude.