The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1920-06-04
Shah Chaos or Reconstruction
in Europe Follow the Great
World War;
RUSSIA OUT OF BALANCE
That Its Industrial Life Has Not Kent
Pace With Its Agricultural Has
Been Fatal to 'country's
Prosperity.
Article XVIII.
BY FRANK coMERFoRo.

""hS' write tne WOru "perml
nently" to call attention to the fac
that number of peasants and VII
layers come to the cities and town
10 work for part of the year In tn
industries. They retain their peasan
status and their dOmicles in the vii
iages. In 1910 there were only fort,
cities In the Russian empire with
population of from $4,000 to 100000
only four cities with a population O
over 100000.
Poverty forced upon the Russian
people the cooperative spirit. In a
great long strain people can stand III
together better than alone. II Is the
'dea OF consolation In companionship
1t is a principle Of mass psychology
That group of men will dare to do a
thing, to stand a suffering or dan
ger that no individual In the crowd
would undertake alone The Russians
have suffered from the dawn of his.
tory. and one Of the oldest institutions
OF Russian life is the Artel. The Artel
very much resembles the cooperative
society of western Europe, with this
difference. that the cooperative soc.
ETY. In Europe and America is the out
growth of an economic trend. In Rus.
STA 1t was the unprecedented result
Of necessity. II is the difference be-
tween one who is hungry because he
is dieting and one who is starving be-
cause he Is without food.
The workers Of Russia have suffered
the same slavery the peasants have EN-.
dured. The maximum wage has been
starvation pay. So when the work
ing men from province come to a
city TO work In the textile industries
or as carpenters, masons. etc. they at
once unite In groups of from ten to
nrty persons. rent house. keep
common table. elect an elder OF the
ARIEL, to whom each one pays his
share OF the expense. AT over Rus
sfa one finds the Artel-in the cities
m the lumber camps, even In the
prisons. When building is to be put
up an Artel Is organized. When rail-.
road Is being built an Artel is formed
In some instances the Artel resembles
labor union, in that the arrangement
OF the terms of employment IL made
by delegate or committee appointed
by the Artel.
Live in Squalor and Misery.
Village life is primitive. The vii
layers live ont of the world. The vii
"a Y,tfn 10, L..
the extreme north. The houses mr."
generally cheap wooden shanties. Ow.
Ing to the great danger Of fire, the vii.
lagos generally cover large area Of
ground. The houses are scattered and
Struggling. The cOnveniences found
even in the American tenements are
unknown. There Is no chance for
cleanliness. They live and sieep in
crowded. smoky. unfinished houses
Furniture-they haven't what we call
furniture. even what the poorest farm
tenant In America would call furnish.
ings. A beard for table. shake
down for he'd.
RusSia's Industrial life has always
been out Of balance with her agricul-
rural life. Notwithstanding her riches
OF raw material and her great posi-
hiiities for a successful industrial life
Rnssin has continued TO he n nation
with 81 per cent farmers, z or s per
cent permanently engaged In industry.
and 3 or 4 per cent Of peasants who
devoted part Of the time to work IN
ri hOc
peatedly TINT the imperial Russian
government from the time OF Peter the
Grent Inns been unceasing In its efforts
for the creation and development Of
home manufactures. All of the ev!.
dence ! have examined refutes this
statement. There never has been any
security to the worker In Russia The
only protection he has had has been
his interest in the family allotment.
He could go hack there and be hun
CRY; ir the city starvation was the
danger
The cars put every obstacle In the
way Of education and Of course this
prevented the growth Of industry.
In 1902 the principal industries In |
Russia, representing all Of the facto-
ries throughout the empire. of which
the ANIMAL production was valued at |
more than $1,000. were textiles. food
products. animal products. wood pa
per. chemical products. ceramics. min
Ing metal goods. miscellaneous. and |
MI Of these employed only 2.c59,773
Led Up to eoIshevlk Problem.
This dwarfed. stunted. paralyzed
side Of Rnssia--its Industrial side
has direct hearing upon conditions In
Russia today and is an important part
" the problem Of the boIshevik gov
A nation to he economically normal
must have balanced agricultural man.
and commercial sides IF
|hese three departments Of activity
ire not proportionately developed the
nation is economically cripple. Rus
IN has been and Ia in this sense an J