Evening capital and Maryland gazette. (Annapolis, Md.) 1910-1922, 1920-01-19
THIS CITY BUILT
WHILE YOU WAIT
e,rts Largest Town in Alabama
rua Crown in One Year.
u.n d MODEL GOVERNMENT
...manent Settlement Around
D. S. Nitrate Plant Presented
Unusual Problems
an 4 MODEL GOVERNMENT
~ GARRETT SMITH.

olss and rel sl0AS' ui'''o''u - ''i
...ed communities in every part
t. roftcd STATES and Canada
nts bong almost overnight
.gdte great uew government am
nitrate plant down on the
c.eon and corn fields at Muscle
81 The Tennessee River during
10. war Of The World War. Here
nnblem IN city building, munic-
j.. Government and community vel
H. mt has seldom been equalled
80 np success Of It's solution has
,ner been e1celled.
Tt. tA was III he hands OF the Air
yrates Corporation which had been
,..,sa,qd under the direction of the
enhance Department to build plant
,.s rfv ii, Muscle Shoals. Early In
january. 1915. this new town mad
De temporary buildings and popu-
o,lep Of 300 This had jumped by the
middle Of August to more than q. 1000.
nspulattun multiplied by 30 Ia Z
poa.hs
Ia tie management OF the new
towns and army cantonments thar
srag up during the war the old
fine evils that attended the growth OF
Mushroom cities have been avoided
}, the application of modern welfare
c.fems But nowhere were condi-
tons more difficult than at Muscle
Shoals Here was a malarial region
threatened at the same time with
ether deadly disease epidemlcs. Trans
portauon was lacking No nearby
labor was available and the general
labor shortage was at its most acute
sage. Costs Of labor and supplies
acre leapIng over night. Furthermore,
Muscle Shoals differed from all the
other new war towns inasmuch as II
vas to be permanent
New Government Devised.
Tie managers, besides city govern
nat, had 10 hHndle the entire retail
lgsneSS Of the town. A camp super
tisors department was put in charge
q tie maintenance of all buildings,
IRE protection ana sanitation. The
amp supers SCR looked after every
hing from the mending OF lock to
. De remodclIng Of groups OF buildings
8 Or laying sewers or steam mains. For
4 he bachelor contingent u commisSary
department. was necessary.
The business department managed
he stores, canteenS, motion picture
aeaterS pool parlors, tailor shops.
'T cleaning Establishments, barber
Shops. newSStAndS, a hotel, q vegetable
aGa aud n hog farm where 1000 hogs
eeIe raised on the wastes from eat
as places. Ii maintained a slaughter
taa>e where these hogs were put
h'pOsh Tie regular packing house
curse Il operated n laundry which
teamed ',493 pieces a day. Then
Here was a real estate department
la' rented and managed the family
'AFeiS ANA housing department
Ralh assigned to quarters everybody
u2ptin1 Tie families.
Jntcr separate jurisdiction from its
"amariiy director were the police.
i'e aea,th department., in charge Of
PHYSICIAN from New York city,
Naiied with Il small office in one of
~e temporary buildings, and was
@a ialI grown and splendidly
N-pped. Conditions were favorable
cSeaSe Tie winter was the
~'er>, ou record in northern Ala
Sa" lAe men were compelled to
Arr deep snow or mud above
-' haerN As d result IA pneumonia
1.a''a.t t'feloped among the Negroes
~" >.ra~ LATER in the year a
donnie was threatened
@'e''er ~, site Of the plant was In
~ .'4'i o. tIe malaria district. But
~ laeMna epidemic was checked,
IS ''IAo-a ;Lreal nipped in the bud,
80 '~.~ria ped out.
Heath Pecord Established
"0.e trsad hospital present
e''" '' complete modern institu-
wa a r-rScs home and sep
10y aspea>ay for dental. eye. ear,
~ p. >omto-urinary clinics and
v ''S''s LOT nfS'-a'u
'I'as he eight months when the
rake "a> not affected by the in
'a aaa paeumohia epidemics the
go. oea,i. rate was ia per thou
~ t'f !eaT which is lower than in
0"eS a' lie sane latitude and
s,~ ana RE pneumonia death rate
'"e epidemic was lower than
~ army cau,onments.
49,. ~ 'ae success of the health
as.. ration IS due to the establish.
y .ae Muscle Shoals sanitary
ae e| ne United States Public
@.1.'a Servce
.' eaucaaou ard welfare dep.rt.
9'So bad vital work to perform.
In, Vas q school population of over
L. --e Secretary OF War created
= "~a-'! organization branch
VII ordnance Department which,
s-s,. ~ AID aid OF some of the
1,s school men Of the country.
te "e courses Of study and
a. 'e~Jhr> from the best es-
s.el Systems