davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1920-10-25
DIFFERENT IN IOWA.

800 Richards o'Hare was denied
lsfn1t61don 10 speak In Des Mofnss
1heol building where she had
aSpaRnne4 to lecture. This action was
eken ~ the local school board. Sim
sllsr action would have been taken
many school boards in North Da-
haA the subject been left to
6eetston. But II the matter
Wke46lt 4 ths ssvsrnof of North
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1920-10-25
BURTNEss AND BAER.

The voters OF ths First congress
sional district in June chose between
o. B. Burtness and J. n. Baer, BY 4
majority Of some 1000 they expressed
their ~prefsFence for Mr.. Burtness.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1920-10-25
CHAPTER III-Continucd.

The youDgSter is kept at the Endlcott
home. and rapidly convalesces.
CHAPTER III-Continucd.
T%hefeafter, every day until he was
convalescent, Starr came to visit him.
BY degrees he grey accustomed to
her gay presence enough to talk with
her freely as child with child. Her
words were few and her tongue as
yet quite unacquainted with the Ian
guage of this world; but perhaps that
was all the better, for their converse
lions were more Of the spirit than OF
the tongue, Mikky's language Of cir
cumstance, being quite unlike h a OF
Madison enu
Starr brought her wonderful cleo.
trio toys and dolls. and Milky looked
at them with wonder. yet always with
a kind of rare indifference, because
! the child herself was to him the won
der Of all wonders, an angel spiri
stopped to earth. And every day
when the nurse carried her small
charge away after her frolic with the
boy, she would always lift her up te
the bed and say:
Now kiss the wee by, Baby Starr
and thank hin, again fer savin' vel
life"
And Starr would lay her soft mouth
on his as tenderly and gravely as i
she understood the full import of he
obligation. At such times Mix,
would watch her bright face as
came close to his, and when her lip
touched his he would close his eye
as if to shut out all things else fror
this sacred ceremony. After Star
and Morton were gone the nurse wa
wont to look furtively toward the be
and note the still, lovely face of tn
boy whose eyes we're closed as if L
hold the vision and memory the long
er. At such times her heart woul
draw her strangely from her wonte
Formally and she would touch tn
boy with a tenderness that was nc
natural to her.
There were other times when MI
Endicott would come n talk brief
with the boy. just to see his Eyes ligh
and his face glow with that wonder
full smile, and to think what it woul
be If the boy were his own. Away
Milky enjoyed these little talks, an
when his visitor was gone he woul
think with satisfaction that this wa
Just the right kind of a father for h
little lovely Starr. He vas glad tn
Baby Starr had a father. He ha
often wondered what it would be lik
to have a father, and now he though
he saw what the height of desire in
father might be. Not that he felt
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1920-10-25
SYNOPSIS,

Milky, a ragged newsboy. saves the
infant daughter Of q bankrupt %financier
from being shot by one of the victims
OF the rich mans bankruptcy. In doing
so he himself is wounded, and is taken
into the great house for care.
The little girls name is Starr Endi-
colt Her father, Delaven Endicott, takes
an Interest in the boy and learns that he
is an orphan with no relatives.
The youDgster is kept at the Endicott
home. and rapidly convalesces
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

to avoid the mistakes she made In
Northern Africa after the war with
Turkey. At the time Italy engaged
in the Tripoli expedition her eco
nomic condition was excellent, but it
did not take long to realize that ter
ritorial ambitions increase obiga-
tons and often become more burden
some than profitable. Next to Eng
land, Italy is playing the biggest.
part in the writing Of the Turkish
treaty, and she is losing no oppor-
tunity to tell the Mussulmans that IN
her they have friend. Prior to
this war Italy had only one frontier
the Austrian--which worried her.
Nlttl has a cabinet composed Of
second-rate men; he is the parlia
mentary head Of nation which was
frightfully embarrassed financially
before the war and was further
crippled during hostilities; he is op-
posed by some Of the most powerful
OF the country's newspapers. But
despite these handicaps he remains
optimistic as to Italy's future. He
is a clever diplomat, a shrewd Judge
OF human nature, a good minister,
courageous, clever, and a first class
bargainer. The coming summer will
test his qualities to the uttermost.
Some of the stories of unrest in
Italy must be discounted; allowances
must be made for the reports
emanating from a country where
propaganda has been developed to
high degree. Italy is passing
through a critical stage, but that
she will emerge stronger financially
and economically is the firm convic
tion of her Prime Minister. That
reorganization will be rapid and or
derly is the hope of all Italian
leaders, but they will not be sur
prised or discouraged by temporary
reverses. After Caporetto italy
feels her recuperative powers are
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

owned the land, living from day to
day and knowing nothing Of COM
petition, were not interested in in
dividual land. ownership
Government Lands Sold
In the course of time the gov
ernment lands proper that were of
value were sold, and the common
people even disposed Of some of
their paltry $4,000 acres The
crown lands were leased, but the
leases are now expiring. Including
them and the remnants of forest
and other lands that were not dis
posed Of, the United States Govern
ment now controls about 1,6S0,000
acres Of land. Most of the nom
government lands had passed into
the hands of the corporations by
1919, when it was estimated that
out of $140,0O0,000 worth of real
CStdtC l!ICy OWuCu pOV,OOO,OOV VI
$90,000,000, and of the $4,000, 900
of personal property in the islands
$1O8 100000 was theirs.
The Hawaiians of high and low
degree owned only S13, 100000
worth of land and only S2,O00,O0O
Of personal property, the corpora
tions having IA per cent of all the
wealth Of the land and the natives
only 6.23 per cent And the bulk
of the property owned by the ma
tives was in the possession of the
descendants of the ancient chiefs
and landlords, of whom there were
1913.
There is a homestead system in
the islands, but as leased or other
lands are opened to the public un-
der it the applicants, being always
more numerous than the plots, draw
lots for the allocations, so that the
natives, though now very desirous
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
The Odenburg Question

made the missionaries had obtained
q release from their oath Of non
possession Of land and the King had
granted them 1861 acres without
charge. Then they bought 1886
acres at about 25 cents an acre.
After that the missionaries be-
thought themselves of their children
and asked permission to purchase
some land for them and this per-
mission was granted, and it took
10,402 acres Of land to go round the
missionary children Thus it came
about that at the time the common
people, 0,O0O Of them-were as
signed $4,000 acres, thirty three
missionaries and their families had
come into possession of Al 900 acres
Of prime land.
1--WE do not begrudge the mis-
sionaries these lands" says Senator
Wise. IL believe they were entitled
to them for the services they rem
dered the Hawaiian people. Some
got very small portions. just want
to show how liberal the Hawaiians
were to the foreigners When the
Hawaiians had everything they gave
everything, and now that the United
States government has control of
all the government lands we come
to you to-day and expect you to
have the same liberal spirit and re
turn some of these lands to the
Hawaiians. We contend that $4,000
acres FOR the common people was
not fair division.
"Of course, you will ask why the
common people, after the 'mahele,
did not exercise their right to buy
lands just as the missionaries and
other people did, at 25 cents an
acre. The landlords did not want
them to acquire land, and the
| people, considering that the king
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

over strip Of territory, once Mag
var, which was assigned to Austria
in the recent settlement. This is the
"Odenburg question" 1t has very
just grievance against Italy, since
more than a third of a million Ger
man-speaking inhabitants Of the
Tyrol have been included within
Italian frontiers. 1t is in open dis
pute with the Jugo-Slavs over the
klagenfurt district Finally, most
German-Austrians look forward to
the reconquest of the Slovenian dis
trcts which fell to Jugo- -Slavia in
the peace of ST Germain.
AS for Hungary, in addition to
her quarrels with Czecho-Slovakia
over the Slovak highlands and with
the Austrians over Odenburg, she
threatens to take up arms at the
first opportunity to recover the Croa-
tian lands, which separate her from
the Adriatic, and this territory in
cludes Fiune, also in dispute between
the Slavs Of the south and Italy. But
the chief Hungarian quarrel, after
all, is with the Rumanians, who have
taken Pennsylvania and most Of the
Banat, thus depriving the Magyars
of at least third of their territory
and some of their richest districts.
In a word, Hungary has a "ques-
ton" with each Of her neighbors.
Nor is Jugo-Slavia much poorer in
quarrels. The Fiume dispute has al
ready filled the world with it's echoes.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

Jugo-Slavia and Italy, Rumania
would be certain to attack the Slavs,
Bulgaria would certainly join in,
while any quarrel between the Serbs
and the Bulgarians which did not
involve Italy or Rumania would GER
tainly enlist the Greeks on the Serb
side
Starting at the north, Czecho-S So-
vakia is involved in a quarrel with
Poland over Teschen, recent dis
patches have reported rioting and
actual clashes between Czech and
Polish troops. In the same way
there have been many conflicts be-
tween Czech and Hungarian troops.
since the Magyars refuse to recog-
nize the cession Of the Slovak high
lands to the Czechs. Bad blood also
exists between the Austrians and
the Czechs because some 100000
German-speaking Austrians have
been included within the limits of
the Czecho-Slovak state. Finally, to
cap the climax, bitterness has devel-
oped between the Czechs, the Slo-
walks and the Ruthenians; that is,
between the three Slav clements
which inhabit the new state. Such
is the situation Of Czecho- -Slovakia.
The Odenburg Question
AS to Austria, in addition to the
quarrel with the Czechs, the mutt
lated fragment cf Austria finds it.
self at odds with the HunUarians
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Italian Dispute Settled

In recent months. thanks TO NTH,
there has been an improvement IN
Greco-1talian relations, and Greek
claims both in Epirus and to the
islands in the -Egean Will probably
be recognized by Italy. This Will
leave Greece with only the Bulga-
RAN problem in Europe, but she has
An even more serious difficulty IN
Asia Minor, where she Is in contact
with her old Turkish foe in the hin
terland Of Smyrna
Such. briefly. is the geography OF
anarchy which extends from the
German frontier to the Egean Sea.
1t is on this crazy foundation that
the edifice of European peace rests.
OF all the disputes which have beer
catalogued few are less than thou
sand years old, many have been the
cause of long and bloody wars in the
past. None has been COMPROMISED
or eliminated by the latest settle
n.ent; most have been actually az
oentuated While it is wholly IN
likely that any general war sweep
ing the southeast of Europe IS hKei!
to-day or tomorrow, given the de-
gree of exhaustion existing IN mos'
Of the countries, it is no less cieai
that the possibility exists, whiN'
even if the confagration be posi-
poned, eventually it is likely to purs'
forth with the same deadly conse'
quences which marked the explosion
Of 1914. Not until some one finds
remedy for the disease of acute M
tionalisn. if, indeed, it be disease
can there be any hope OF real set'Ie'
ment in the Near East and the as
appearance of that threat OF "troup'e
in the Balkans" which plagued EH-
rope for so many decades. -,
(Copyyight, 1890. BY The McCA
Newspaper Syndicuts) ~
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Italy Is Prosperous and DISCONTINUED

the average Italian talk about his
country's part in the war. That
French, British and Americans
should have claimed to have 'won
the war" seems natural, but to hear
the Italian talk of his record one
would think the other Allied armies
consisted of a handful Of soldiers
who depended entirely on Italy to
strike the decisive blows.
Nitti has been exceedingly frank in
speaking of the resources Of Russia
Resources which Italy needs. He
has been in accord with the policy
expressed by the British-first, trade
then the recognition of a de facto
government, the de jure recognition.
An Italian commission is now in
Russia.
A slight diversion is necessary to
explain British policy in Russia, q
policy which Italy supports, but not
always for the same reasons which
actuate England. Britain has no de-
sire to interfere in the internal af-
fairs of Russia; she desires only that
Russia become stabilized and the
Bolshevists desist from their propa-
ganda program outside the Russian
borders. She wants to trade with
Russia and she wants Russia to be-
come productive country. British
statistics show that at the end OF
the coming harvest the supply of
grain will be inadequate to meet the
demand. The only way in which the
world can return to what Arthur J
Balfour calls a normal economic
state is for the fertile areas of Cen.
tral Europe and Russia to be cult.
waited
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

were little more than the pawns Of
the larger powers until the moment
Of 1912, when they Joined hands and
attacked Turkey.
To-day, by contrast, the new East
ern question is a question affecting
only the smaller powers. 1t is true
that Constantinople is in British
hands and that British domination
at the Golden Horn has aroused a
measure of protest in Paris, and
even in Rome, but it is unlikely that
this circumstance will lead to an
open break between the present AL
lies. Moreover, in the end some sort
of international control, or more
probably surrender to Greece, will
eliminate the Consta ntinople dispute.
In reality the new Eastern question
begins at Prague and Vienna, in
stead Of Belgrade and Bucharest,
and is a dispute between the several
tribes actually dwelling in the re-
gion between the German frontier
and the Egean.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Bulgaria Terribly Beaten

Serbia chose the latter course. and
the second Balkan. War followed
But this war resulted in a Serbian
victory. Bulgaria, the soldier Of
Germany and Austria, was terribly
beaten. Moreover, Rumania inter
vened against Bulgaria, and took as
Il reward the southern Dobrudja,
Serbia retained all of Macedonia and
Greece made further gains. The re-
suit was that Serbia emerged with
her area and population doubled and
her appetite stimulated. Hence
forth the Serbs openly plotted to
wrest from Austria the southern
Slav lands, while Rumania l3oked
with increasing earnestness upon
Hungarian lands inhabited by Ru-
manians.
Out of this impossible situation the
World War came less than a wear
after the Treaty of Bucharest had
officially terminated the second Bal
kan War. Now it will be seen from
this hasty review that the old West
ern question was the result of the
clash of policies Of great powers.
Russia moved toward Constantine
pie and encountered first Britain
backed by France in the Crimean
War, and then Austria, backed by
Germany The small Balkan states
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

the territory; Senator Robert w
Single and Representative William
T. Rawlins, whites.
Plea for a Birthrigh:
The plea was not alone for land.
but also a plea for measures to
Americanize the polyglot foreigners
that threaten to swamp the Cauca-
sian and native Hawaiian population
Of the island and a plea that en-
pEoyment OF Federal works in the
islands be reserved for Americans.
those same Americans being none
other than the descendants of the
people Kamehameha ruled. So, not
to speak Of minor matters, it was a
consolidated plea for the restoration
of birthright, chance to preserve
themselves as Americans of Ha-
waiian descent and for an opportu-
nifty to earn living in Federal en-
ploy.
1T was Senator Wise who told
the members of the House Of Rep
resentatives Committee on Terri
tories how it came about that the
native people Of Hawaii are now
largely without foothold in their
own country. Before the great
"mahele," or land distribution.
which took place in 1848, on the
advice of the missionaries, the King
owned all the land and all the sea
fisheries. The district chiefs held
these properties under and for the
King. The petty chiefs, or land
lords, lived on the lands and super
vised them for their superiors. In
general, both land and fisheries were
beyond the possession of the peo-
pie, who were in q sort of serfdom
to chiefs and King. The common
people had individual rights to small
parcels of land whereon to raise
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Giving Up Albania

Italian troops are about to evacu-
ate Albania, occupying only the city
and district Of Vallona. Nitti de
sires to reduce his military commit
ments and in that way lessen the
financial burden which Italy is car
rylng. The protection of the east
ern shores Of the Adriatic would be
a heavy, costly task. Negotiations
between the Italians and the Jugo-
Slavs, which were interrupted bv the
recent ministerial crisis, will prob
ably be brought to a successful con-
clusion within short time.
Italy plans to be n big factor in
the Near East, but she is anxious
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

They were at pains to discourage the
Poles in what they (the British) con-
sldered futile, impractical, chau-
whistle move.
Nitti held Identical views. To a
limited degree the French also shared
these views. know that Mr.. Bal
four is strongly Of the opinion that
the Poles committed bad blunder
and that Signor Ntt advised
against the attack, which, as | write,
seems doomed to have serious conse-
quences to Poland
Italy would like bit of Turkish
territory for colonization purposes,
but her real ambition is not so much
colonial expansion as it is the estab-
lshment OF trade relations. The pow
erful Bank Of Italy is as keen on the
building up of these relations as is
Slgnor Nltti himself Undoubtedly
there are men in the Foreign Office
who are planning trades and deals
whereby 1taly's colonial possessions
Will be augmented, but the real pol
icy OF the government is to expand
economically rather than territori-
ally. Though the Turks have no love
tor the Italians, they are hattering
them now and protesting the great
est friendship, because they are do
ing a considerable business with the
Italians.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Want Russia Stabilized

A typhus plague is raging to-day
IN Poland and parts of Russia. due
partly to underIeeding This plague
may spread unless food production is
increased. The British believe it is
absolutely essential for the good of
the world that Russia become stabil-
lied. Foe that reason the British
were opposed to thu Polish offensive.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

their own food, and in the fisheries
certain fish were theirs, the rest
going to their lords, though the
aforesaid common people supplied
the labor for ALL One day in every
five the plebeians worked on the
lands of the patricians, and the
other four on their own---if they
were not fishing, fighting or ccle-
bratng AS it required only about
| 500 square feet-a small city lot
to support a family Of three, the
total amount of land the common
folk could claim by right Of usage
was not very large.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13

of getting land, take their chances
with the far more numerous per-
sons of the other races inhabiting
the islands In the last drawing
there were 8 / homestead parcels and
905 applicants Only three or four
natives drew winning lots.
Are a Dying Race
"The Hawaiian people are a dying
people," continued Senator Wise,
"and just at this time, when the
American people are doing so much
for the dying people of Europe, they
ought to pause for moment and
look back at the Hawaiians, noble
race, who in 1778, according to Cap
tain Cooks calculation, numbered
100000 individuals. Allowing that
Captain Cooks estimate was much
too high, the first official census,
taken in 1882, counted 1888 per
sons. The estimated population III
1919 was 22,60O pure Hawaiians
and 1850 part Hawaiians out of
a total of 1926,
THE causes of the decline of the
race are many. Some attribute it
to liquor some to disease and some
to the mode of living Now the taro,
the Hawaiian food, was the only
food they had for generations out
side Of sweet potatoes. When civil
zation came into the country other
kinds of food were brought in. When
the lands were leased the cultiva-
tion Of taro declined and it became
high in price; consequently, the poor
Hawaiians had to take what taro
they had and mix it with -four and
other things, which made the guam
tlty but not the quality That.
contend, is why they are deteriorat-
ing and becoming extinct The idea
in trying to get the lands back to
some of the Hawaiians is to rehabili-
tate them. | believe it would be
easy to do So The people of New
Zealand, who are of the same race
| mean the Maoris-are increasing
to-day because they have lands to
live on and are working out their
own salvation.
The Hawaiian people are a farm
ing people and fishermen, out-of-
door people, and when they were
frozen out of their lands and driven
into the cities they had to live in
the cheapest places, tenements. That
Is one of the big reasons why the
Hawaiians are dying out. Now, the
only way to save them. | contend.
IS TO take them back to the land and
give them the mode of living that
their ancestors were accustomed to.
We are not asking for justice in the
matter Of the division of the lands,
but we are asking that the great
people of the United States should
pause for one moment and instead
OF giving all your help to Europe,
give some to the Hawaiians and see
If you can not rehabilitate this
noble people.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
A Lease Plan.

Delegate Kalanianaole has intro
duced into Congress a bill that is
designed to carry out the wishes of
the committee Of Hawaiisns which
reflect the attitude OF the territorial
Legislature. as expressed in formal
resolution. 1t provides that suitable
tracts of government land Of not
less thar twenty nor more than
eighty acres, of agricultural land
and larger acreages OF pastoral
lands shall be leased to persons of
full or part Hawaiian ancestry for
term of 500 years at nominal
rental of 81 year, subject to can
collation. should the lessee fail to
occupy and use his land for period
of two years.
The settlement of the natives on
the land is to be financed through
the ordinary leasing of the highly
cultivated public lands. whose leases
arc now expiring, for periods of
fifteen years. The proceeds from
such leases up to total of $1,000
600 are to be loaned to the settlers
on installment repayment for terms
not exceeding thirty years with in.
terest at per cent
New-York tribune., 1920-06-13
Rulings Of the Peace Council Have
Laid the Basis for Re-
newed Strife

I been the expectation Of an eventual
expansion to Constantinople and be-
yond, where Germany was building
the Bagdad railway, an eventua.
challenge to Britain in India and
Egypt.
A Conflict of Allies
The Balkan War had, too, been
preceded by a contest between Italy
and Turkey, which had resulted in
the Italian seizure of Tripoli and
various Egean islands. Thus Italy,
an ally of Germany, had struck Tur-
key, also German ally. The blows
thus delivered to German
hopes were severe. Moreover, as
England, France and Russia, par
t1cularly the two latter, tended to
support the Balkan states, it be-
came matter Of utmost impor-
tance for Germany and Austria to
separate the Balkan alliance, and
this was accomplished by denying
Serbia her conquests in Albania
and leaving the Serbs with the
choice of fulfilling their agreement
with the Bulgarians and turning