davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03

been told that their services are per-
manently ended and they may seek
elsewhere for work.
The textile manufacturers very
frankly announce that they accept
the situation as affording them an
opportunity to get rid of "agitators"
and perhaps destroy their organiza-
tions. In Philadelphia, it is an
nounced, more than 100000 textile
workers are to be discharged, not be-
cause there is no need of their serv-
ices, but because the manufacturers
desire to free themselves of men who
have during the past few years built
up an organization that has revolu
tionized conditions of employment in
the textile industry.
There are now more than 2,500,000
idle men in this country. The list is
being increased at the rate Of thous-
ands daily. No one can calculate
what proportions the movement will
attain before it is definitely checked.
If it is to be the fight to the finish
predicted by the agencies that are
actively supporting the open shop
campaign, it is certain that to the
rigors of winter will be added misery
such as we have not seen in many
years.
The manufacturers believe that the
growing army of the unemployed,
augmented by the incoming hordes
from Europe, will soon start COM
petition for jobs that will bring about
the result for which they are striving
the destruction of labor groups and
the breaking down of wage standards
that have been built up not because
labor was greedy and arrogant, but
because, for the first time in several
decades, labor was in position to say
something about what it should re-
ceive for it's services.
Manufacturers say that the work
ers are not now so "cocky." There
has been no break in their ranks, but
they rely upon starvation to bring
that about. By recruiting the ranks
of unemployed, they foresee the day
when workers will be as abject and
submissive as the most autocratic
employer could demand. Starvation
is autocracy's weapon, and it is using
it in a manner that gives all thought
full citizens cause for pause. The sit
uation is electric with potentialities,
but the manufacturers are Indifferent
to them. They have set out to rule
and ruin, and labor faces the most
desperate struggle.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
ANSWERS DETRACTORS

Charleston, w. Va.-The kept press
in this state is attempting to dis
credit officials of striking coal miners
and c. F. Keeney, president miners
district No. II, replies:
GAS long as l can hear the howls
of the jackals on my trail know
that l am going in the right direc-
tion."
The miners have been evicted from
company housese and their household
goods have been thrown on the public
highways by armed guards and Bald
win-Feltz detectives. The union has
secured tents and several thousand
women and little children are faced
with the rigors of winter while housed
in this manner.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
BOSSES EXEMPT
CANT STRIKE" LAW GENTLE
WITH OWNERS
Right Hand of Fellowship for Capital
ists-Jails and Fines for the
Striking Workers

Topeka, Kan.-The Kansas court of
industrial relations in vestigated sew
industrial relations investigated sew
duction. Under Governor Aliens
"Cant nt-strike" law the court has this
power.
The event was delightful, although
somewhat in contrast to the courts
determination to enforce the law
when it jailed striking workers.
The millers were first notified that
the hearing was not in the nature of
trial and that they would not have
to testify under oath. The presiding
Judge wanted it understood that no
penalty would be imposed. One of
the millers declared that "I will do
anything to make little money"
Another stated that only unskilled
workers were affected by the shut
downs. 1t would appear that un-
skilled employees don't have to eat.
This testimony lost it's value, how
ever, when it was shown that prac-
tically all of the employees are classed
as "unskilled."
With great flourish of fairness
the court asked if any employe de-
sired to be heard, but echo answered
no-the millers recently smashed the
Cereal and Flour Mill Workers union.
After the hearing the court an
nounced that it chad heard nothing
during the day that indicates a will
full violation of the law"
A local paper quoted a "labor man"
(name not stately that this was the
first time the law was applied to
capital" (meaning capitalists) and
workers.
When Governor Allen makes his
next international tour in favor of
"can't-strike" laws, he will tell how
the Topeka millers were rounded up
by this act, which makes no difference
between capitalists and workers.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
AMERICAN PLAN
"OPEN SHOP" DRIVE is A NON
UNION MASK
Workers "Permitted" to Organize but
Bosses Will Not Deal With
Union Representatives

Washington-The "open" shop drive
is mask for non-unionism and is a
menace not only to wage earners but
threatens the whole structure of in
dustrial peace, according to a state
ment by the social action department
of the national Catholic welfare
council.
"Of what avail is it for workers to
be permitted by their employers to be-
come members of unions, if the en-
ployers will not deal with unions ?"
is asked.
"The open shop drive masks under
such names as the American plan
and hides behind the pretense of
American freedom. Yet it's real pur-
pose is to destroy all effective labor
unions and thus subject the working
people to the complete domination of
the employers. Should it succeed in
the measure that it's proponents hope,
it will thrust far into the ranks of
the underpaid body of American work
ing people.
"The unions we're necessary even
during the war, when working people
found their labor in great demand.
They are still more imperative now
and they must keep their strength
and grow. Otherwise we shall see a
repetition of the old bad days when
worekrs were utterly dependent upon
their employers.
"There is great danger that the
whole nation will be harmed by this
campaign of few groups of strong
employers. To aim now at putting
into greater subsection the workers
in industry is blind and foolhardy.
The radical movements and distur-
Dances in Europe ought to hold a
lesson for the employers of America.
And the voice of the American people
ought to be raised in the endeavor to
drive this lesson home"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Saving Impossible
With Present Wages

Olympia, Wash.-It is impossible
for workers to save on present wages,
says State Labor Commissioner Gram
in his semi-annual report.
Fifty-eight per cent of the organ
lied workers who replied to the query
by the state official reported that
they saved no money during 1918 and
1919, while AZ per cent reported an
average saving of $3.50 for 1918 and
1928 for 1919.
Forty-eight per cent owned their
own homes or had contracts to pur-
chase, while 81 per cent were rem
ters, with an average rental of $16.58
month for 1918, $19.88 month for
1919 and $23.70 month for 1920.
Those who own their homes report
an average property valuation of
$2,436.
The unionists made the following
suggestions to overcome the high
cost of living: Legislation against
proICeerS, more wages, law requiring
that all manufactured goods bear the
price mark, give labor a voice and a
share in industry.
Included in the commissioners re-
port is recommendations for remedial
legislation. In urging inspection of
boilers, attention is called to numer-
Gus explosions. The report states
that Oregon is becoming a dumping
ground for second hand boilers.
An urgent plea is made for the in
spection of workshops in which women
and children are employed and to
compel observance of the laws apply
ing to women and children.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
One-Man Contracts
Urged in Australia

Melbourne, Australia - Parliament
has amended the Australian concilia-
ton and arbitration law by legalizing
individual contracts with employers
and members of organized labor.
Arbitration in the Australian COM
monwealth has been based on organ
ization between employers and en-
ployes. Trade unionism is recognized
that awards may prove effective and
many awards provide that preference
be given trade unionists by employers
The workers now ask what will
happen to arbitration courts when
their awards run counter to agree
ments made by employers and indi-
vidual workers.
The amendment is declared to be
an attack on the powerful Australian
Workers. union, which recently estab-
lished a 44-hour week and improved
working conditions in the pastoral in
dustry. 1t is claimed that the amend
IlcIlU was p1CpclICu SOlIIC IlulS dSO ny
Chief Justice Mox, who was then
counsel for the Graziers' association.
Trade unionists say the amendment
will weaken the workers faith in the
federal arbitration court and they
connect it's passage with the retire
ment of Justice Higgins as president
of the Australian court of conciliation
and arbitration. He has been sue
ceeded by an avowed cheap-labor ad-
vocate.
In opposing the amendment Arthur
Blakely, member of parliament and
president of the Australian Workers
union, stated that he would not re-
commend that that union remain reg
istered under the arbitration act.
owe are prepared to get out" he
said, "and discard the arbitration
court altogether, depending upon con-
ferences or direct action to protect
our members"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Charity Societies
Are Not Necessary

New York. professional charities"
backed by publicity agents and "sob
stuff" were denounced by Commits
sioner Coler of the department of
public welfare, who classified several
well-knoWn organizations among
those who are attempting to do work
that could be done more cheaply and
effectively by the city. The commits
sioner excluded religious societies
and private hospitals from his ban.
In referring to the numerous
charity "drives" the commissioner
said these drive leaders will work for
any faith or any line of work, pro-
vided they get paid.
"This pay is on straight salary,
a lump sum or commission basis"
he said. eff a man is asked to give
money in a drive he should be frank
ly told what proportion of it is going
to the promoters.
"The state board of charities and
local authorities together should con-
troll by permits the solicitation of all
money for charitable purposes out
side of religious organizations. I
differentiate between the religious
and the professional solicitor of
money. If a church asks you for
money you know what they are doing.
If you want to do that you can, but
/ say when corporation is asking
for money it should prove it's case.
"They build up organizations, elect
themselves presidents and get some
good names as directors or trustees.
Many of these directors or trustees
know as little of the organization as
the old-time bank directors"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
PANAMA CANAL PAYS

Washington = The Panama canal
closed it's last fiscal year with an ex-
cess of $2,387,599 in revenue over
operation and maintenance.
In his annual report, just made
public, Brigadier General Harding,
governor of the canal, predicted that
within reasonable period of normal
world conditions the big waterway
will earn an actual profit on its cost,
which has been $366,650,OOO, ex-
elusive of expenditures for military
purposes.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Immigrants Aided
By Ship Officials

New York-Undesirab immigra-
tion is being stimulated by steamship
officials and officials of European
countries, who are shipping their
most vicious elements to this coun-
try, declared Commissioner of Immi-
grafton Wallis in an address before
the national industrial council. The
council is a federation of maniac
turers' associations.
The federal officials statements
were most sensational. He said a
worldwide conspiracy exists between
officials of foreign countries and GER
tain steamship officials to unload
criminals and revolutionists in this
port. The public officials want to
get rid of these elements and the
ship companies are interested in
profits. The immigration commits
sioner said one ship arrived here with
LOO immigrants listed as the ships
crew. These men quickly abandoned
the ship when it was docked. The
speaker estimated that in the next
six years over 100000 immigrants
will come from Germany, Italy and
Holland alone.
eve have traced this worldwide
conspiracy very near to it's point of
origin" he said. eve now know that
having failed to put through many
of their undesirables by the usual i'm
migration routes, the shippers of this
human freight of anarchy have turned
to the stowaway method. Recently the
Panama, from Mexico, had 16 stow
aways; a steamship from Chile, 18;
from Naples, AZ; and vessel from
Constantinople, 16.
"Unless we restrict and unless we
better the lot of those we accept
for an anarchist can be made in one
day at Ellis island-there will be ter
ror and widespread crime in all our
larger cities in the very near future"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
CALLS 'EM PLUNDERERS

Philadelphia-Fair Price Commits
sioner McClain used harsh terms in
discussing the low price of beef cattle
and the high price of meat charged
by retailers. The official called the
retailers "plunderers," but the profit
GERS continue raking in the shekels.
Mr.. McClain also expressed sur
prise that the price of shoes and
other commodities made from leather
have not been reduced, as hide prices
have reached low level that has not
been equalled since 1909.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
JAIL HAS NO TERRORS

Washington-"Show that you have
the moral courage to go to Jail, if
necessary" said President Barrett to
members of the Farmers Educational
and Cooperative Union of America.
The farmers executive made this
appeal in connection with the move
ment to hold products for higher
prices. 1t is claimed that federal
agents are collecting evidence to use
against the farmers.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
"SHOES SHOULD COME DOWN"

Philadelphia - "Shoes should come
down." writes Richard Spillane in the
financial column of the Philadelphia
Public Ledger.
"The greatest leather company in
America is reported to have pur-
chased 100000 hides at prices rang
ing from 13 to 16 cents a pound.
Last year hides of the same grade
cost nearly SO cents a pound. Hides
now are selling on a pre-war basis.
In fact, they are little below it."
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
MAHLON M. GARLAND DEAD

acknowledgements Garland
of Pennsylvania died suddenly in his
residence in this city. Deceased serv-
ed as president of the Amalgamated
Association of Iron, Steel and Tin
Workers for several years. He was
fourth vice president of the A. F. of
L. in 1895, 1896 and 1897. He rep
resented Pennsylvania as congress-
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Fancy Name For Strike

Boston-It is stated that New Eng
land textile industries, employing 300,-
900 workers, have reduced their out
put one-half from the 1919 standard.
Some mills have shut down and others
are being operated on a 20 per cent
basis. The bosses strike is given the
fancy title, "curtailment of produc-
ton"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
WHAT LABOR IS DOING
Wage Increases and Progress Made
Throughout the Country
More Contract Breaking

Boston-Contract breaking by shoe
merchants has become so general
that the Boston Boot and Shoe club
adopted resolutions in support of the
"inviolability of contracts"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
They Don't Want Much

Portland, Ore. - Cheap labor en-
ployers in this state are extremely
modest in their plans to hamstring
organized labor. All they ask is that
the unions be Incorporated, that
strikes be outlawed and that a state
body be empowered to set aside any
ployers and a trade union.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
UniOnists Locked Out

Middletown, O.-The Miami Cycle
company posted notice on Saturday
that the plant would be closed "until
further notice" because of industrial
conditions. The following Monday
the management notified it's organ
lied polishers that the plant would
resume if they accepted a wage cut.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Girl Ushers Strike

Toledo, Ohio-Girl ushers employed
by the Loew-Valentine theater went
on strike against 10-hour day and
$12 a week. They claim that they
were promised large, round, shiny
half dollar if they worked several
hours extra on election day, but the
silver has not been forthcoming.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
To Start Labor PAPER

Seattle - The Washington State
Federation of Labor will establish a
weekly labor paper in the near future.
The recent political campaign has re-
moved every doubt on the need for
additional education and publicity by
organized labor.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03

man-at-large during the last two ses-
sions of congress, and the present
session, and was reelected at the No
vember elections. His home was in
Pittsburg.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Cigarette Law Upheld

Topeka, Kan.-The state supreme
court upheld the law making it il
legal to sell cigarettes in this state.
The law does not prohibit the use of
cigarettes, but they cannot be sold.
Under the act it is legal to "roll your
own"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Call For Production

Cincinnati - eve now demand"
says Editor Atherton of the Metal
Polishers' Journal, "that the manu-
facturers remove the limit and cease
restricting the output in order to
maintain their exorbitant prices"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
TailOrs ReOrganiZe

Dayton, Ohio-A local of the Jour-
neymen Tailors' Union of America
has been formed here. These work
ers allowed a former local to lapse
some time ago.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
POlishers Raise Wages

Westfeld, Mass. = Metal polishers
and buffers employed by the Westfeld
Manufacturing company have raised
wages to 80 cents an hour. The old
rate was 721a cents.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Auto Painters Unite

Portland, Ore.-The recently organ
lied union of automobile painters re-
ports nearly 100 per cent member
ship. The larger auto shops are sign
ing the agreement of this local.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
Want NOn-UniOn Shop

Nashville, Tenn. - The Tennessee
Manufacturers association will hold
convention to establish the non
union shop. The call states that 1--WE
want to say to you frankly that a
serious situation confronts us at the
next session of the legislature"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-12-03
GENERAL LABOR NEWS
Short Items Gathered For Benefit of
Hasty Readers
Painters Organize

Beckley, w. Va.-Painters at this
place have organized and are affili-
ated with the trade union movement.
Newark post., 1920-05-19

subjects shall be taught in the Eng
lish language; otherwise, the teach
ing or use of foreign language is
optional.
The County Boards of Education
are authorized to establish special
schools for Moors.
By re-wording Of several sections
of the Code it is made evident that
the control Of private schools is
limited to the securing of certl-
fcate stating that the minimum
course Of studies for elementary
schools is being given in the Eng
lish language and to the securing OF
attendance reports. A new section
has been inserted, reciting definite
ly that private, schools are subject
to certain sections only Of the law.
While the prescribed qualitica-
tions for teachers and officers in the
school system remain as heretofore,
it has been provided that the State
Board of Education may substitute
other methods of qualifying, pro-
vided the standards of the law are
not reduced. Certificates valid for
certain positions prior to 1919 re-
main valid for similar positions in
an part of the State and all extra
compensation for length of service
has been changed to date from the
time of employment instead of the
date Of enactment Of the School
Law. Salary payments may be
made in ten monthly installments.
beginning October 10th, or in
twelve payments as heretofore.
The recommendations above
enumerated and other minor
changes have required much dis
cussion and rewording Of eighty
three Of the two hundred sixteer
sections in the Law. Messrs. Viii
liam S. Hilles, James M. Satterfelc
and James M. Tunnel put the ac
in legal form for presentation tt
the Legislature.
Newark post., 1920-05-19

teacher. By this means the County
Board Of Education is not relieved
of the duty Of furnishing teachers
but free choice is allowed the tras-
tees Of the local districts.
The final power Of deciding upon
a change in district lines or upon
consolidation of districts is re-
turned to the voters Of each district,
subject only to petition signed by
80 per cent Of the voters in order
to secure a referendum, when the
plans Of the County Board Of Edu-
cation are opposed. This method
overcomes delay where opinion is
united and leaves free the applica-
ton of the referendum where diff
ference of opinion exists.
The State Board Of Education re-
mains without power on financial
questions, excepting the distribu
ton of the small appropriation cov-
ering the salary of the State Com.
missioner and expenses of the Of
fcers of the State Board Of Educa-
ton. This appropriation is granted
by the Legislature from budget
prepared by the State Board.
The County Boards of Education
retain the initiative in consolida-
ton of schools or alteration of dis
trict boundaries, and in prepara-
tion Of the budget covering school
expenditure. Each one of these
items is made subject to amendment
by referendum.
The Commission has eliminated
all direct powers of the State Com
missioner Of Education, the County
Superintendents and the Superin-
tendents Of Schools, leaving the
powers of these officers to be dele
gated by the boards for whom they
act as executives. By this arrange.
ment the boards cannot be con,
trolled in any way by their appoint
ed officers. The term of these
officers has been reduced to one (0
year.
The right to administer oaths has
been taken from the State Commits
sioner and County Superintendent
and is lodged with the State Boarc
of Education, the County Boards O.
Education and the Boards of Edu
cation of Special Districts.
Provision has been made for th
return of special districts to th
counties if such procedure is ap
: proved by vote or petition Of tn
, voters of the district, subject, how
ever, to the consent Of the Count,
Board of Education.
It has beeu provided that an.
: city having 25,GO0 inhabitants, o
more, may eject a board of sevel
4 members; and the Board of tn
e City of Wilmington, with it
' boundaries fixed as the City limit.
is given power to expend in the re
Y modelling of buildings mp to $4,000
: without reference to the Stat
Board of Education. Wilmingto
e can not be brought under count
0 control in any way.
Y AS to requirements for hig
Y schools, courses in either Science q
/ Agriculture are made acceptable
:. (The existing code requires both
e The State Board of Education ma
e also change the subjects required I
be taught by the three high scho'
y teachers made mandatory unde
= the law.
/ 1t has been made more clear thu
n the minimum course in elementar
Newark post., 1920-05-19
"Just Today"

To-morrow's yesterday - why,
that is to-day! Well, so it is. But
when tomorrow comes how are you
going to look back on the yesterday
that now is to-day? Bear in mind 1t
will be yesterday then, and all yes
terdays are records, done, fixed,
forever changeless, holding only
memories of achievement or regret,
of things bravely done or OF
cowardly surrender.
But to-day is plastic, swiftly
shaping itself at the command OF
our thoughts, our desires, our acts,
into the form it will assume later.
Is your to-day going to step proud.
ly into the age-long procession OF
yesterdays, wearing the shining yes,
ture that clothes things good and
pure, or, because you willed it so,
must it stink to its appointed place,
misshapen and but half-developed !
Not many of us can make beautiful
statues of marble or bronze, but we
can all try to carve our days with
thoughtful love so that they take on
the imperishable beauty that Is
their heritage.