The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1920-01-03

the prevention OF all financial. com
mercial or personal intercourse" be-
tween the nation falling 10 abide by
the decision and all other member
states OF the League OF Nations.
On the same day that he presented
this plan 10 the peace conference Pres
ident Wilson smiled for the United
States TO attend the closing sessions
OF congress at Washington. Opposl-
tion 20 the Incorporation OF the League
OF Nations covenant In the peace treaty
already had developed In this country.
and President Wilson. upon his return.
delivered an address at Boston In
which he emphasized the necessity OF
the United States taking leading
part In the organization OF the League
OF Nations.
Meantime the peace conference was
entieavoring TO reach a solution OF
several other vexing problems bit
ter dispute had arisen between Italy
ana the new Jugo-Sav state as 10 the
possession OF the eastern coast OF the
Adrlatlc. The Italians demanded pos
session OF the city OF Flume on the
ground that It's population was largely
Italian. while the Jugo- Slavs min
talned That possession OF this port was
essential II their newly organized ma
ton was TO have access TO the sea.
The japanese delegates also gnve
an early Indication Of their attitude
by insisting upon Japan's right 10 re-
tain the Marshall and Caroline islands.
which she had taken from Germany.
President Wilson returned to Paris
after spending little more than a week
In the United States. With his arrival
In France on March Ia the peace con-
ference began consideration ot recon
mendatlons by various committees.
and the peace treaty began TO take
definite shape.
On March "a the council OF ten
which had been considering the chief
problems before the peace conference
was replaced by a council OF four. con
visiting or President Wilson and Pre-
miers Lloyd George. Clemenceau and
Orlando. From that time up 20 the
actual signing OF the peace treaty all
OF the problems arising were disposed
OF by this council OF four. In which,
at times. the premier OF Japan also
participated.
The revised covenant OF the League
OF Nations was presented at plenary
session OF the peace conference on
April 20. President Wilson. as chair
man OF the commission which framed
the covenant. explained the changes
that had been made mostly as a result
OF criticism In the United States. One
OF the most important OF the amend
ments made was that providing that
the covenant should not affect existing
understandings for maintaining peace.
While II was not so stated specifically,
this amendment was designed to pre-
vent the League OF Nations covenant
from interfering with the Monroe doc
trine. The revised covenant was
adopted by the unanimous vote OF the
peace conference.
On April 80 the council OF four,
which by this time had been reduced
10 n council OF three by the with
drawaI OF the Italians agreed TO
transfer 10 japan the German posses
sion Of KIau-Chau. The Chinese dele
CATION objected strenuously to this set
Element. although japan agreed ultI-
mately 60 restore the territory 10
China. On May G the council deter
mined that Great Britain and her colo
MES and domInlons should become
mandatory for the Islands north of the
equator.
By May the treaty had finally been
completed and on that date Il was
presented 10 the German pienIpoten-
tlaries NJ Versailles The pact. while
II represented chiefly the deliberations
Of the council OF forr. had heen adopt
ed by n conference In which % allied
and associated powers were represent.
ed. At the snme time II was an
nounced that President Wilson and
Premier Lloyd George had negotiated
treaties with France providing that
the United States and Great Britain
would come Immediately 10 the assist
ancc OF France I'm case OF any future
unprovoked attack by Germany When
the peace treaty was submitted 10 the
Germans the Italian delegates were
present having returned to Paris In
response 10 m Invitation extended by
President Wilson and Premers Lloyd
George and Clemenceau.
The German delegates were not per-
mItted to discuss the peace treaty with
the conference but were given fifteen
days In which to submit their reply In
writing. Announcement Of the terms
Of the treaty caused storm IN Ger
many The terms were denounced by
President Ebert 81 Germany as being
the most severe ever Imposed upon n
vanquished people" Several commu-
uications requesting changes IN the
treaty were submitted by the German
delegates and these were given consid.
Grafton hy the council 81 FIVE. As