Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-08-15
|s|MPL|F|ED LESSONS IN
CARE OF AUTOMOBILE
Gucrrlich Explains Systcm OF Lubri-
cation Used in Automobile
Engines.
ny FREDERICK G. GUEIttLICH.
X Lecture No. IDS.

I BY FREDERICK G. GUEItRLICH.
Lecture No. IDS.
Y For the fabrication of an automo-
thile~ engine an oil is almost always
FUSED. while for other parts OF the
tcsr. a grease Is usually used. As we
Pare now studying the engine We will
AAtake' UP Its fabrication only now. and
Ewni take up tho fabrication Of the
Eotber parts when we come TO thcm.
In the prescnt-day engine the oil
Ets poured into the crank case, and
Ethen, by what is~known rs the splash.
ethe pump or pour over. or the force
systems or by combinations OF these,
kis fed to the various moving parts.
The Splash Sy,aem.
Z. In the splash systcm the oil Is
poured into the lower crank case to
! such level that when tho crank
shaft revolves the lower ends OF the
connecting rods dip into the oil. and
m doing 50 splash the oil around
/ As the oil is thrown out from the
connecting rod, II Will strike the sides
of the crank case and from there.
bounce out. and be lot by some
moving part OF the engine, when it
viii be broken up into still smaller
drops. until in time the crank case
and all the space under the piStonS
IS filled with what might be termed
/; a mist Of oil.
! AS this mist comes in contact with
the various surfaces. II will condense
L
will collect on the bottom portion
OF the piston. and on its upward
stroke be carried up and SO lubri-
cate the piston and cylinder; some
piston head. until there Is so much
there that it drips from the center
into hole in the top OF the con-
meeting rod, and SO lubricates the
main crank shaft bearing brackets.
and nun down the sides OF these into
holes in the bearings. often being
Sn!ded into them by a sort of gutter:
AS the pressure on tho crank pin
is on the top. the oil mus, get TO
II through the bottom portion Of the
dr'iied in the bottom cap of the
connecting rod or crank pin bear
ing. and Immediately in back OF 1t 4
nat or hollow scoop is PLACED. AS the
Oil the oil will run up the scoop
and through the hole. much the same
as the water ran up your arm and
~etted your sleeve. when. as a child,
: you stuck your hand into the water
/ while in moving row or motor
boat
The halftime gears are sometimes
I fabricated with grease. but usually
some OF the oil from the crank case
gets into the half time gear casing.
80 that the gears dip into this oil
Found 10 Have Fault.
In many cases when straight
splash system was used, 1t was found
10 have one fault. namely, when the
engine was running very fast. SO
much OF the oil would be splashed
about and gather on the walls and
parts that the oil in the crank case
would be so low that the connecting
rods would not have Oil to dip into
To overcome this fault, what is
known as the constant level splash
system was introduced.
In the constant level splash sys-
tenn. the lc-ser crank case is divided
into two parts. the upper. consisting
OF a series OF troushs, one for each
crank. and the lower simply being the
oil reservoir. The connecting rods
dip into the oil In these troughs, the
level OF which Is maintained con-