Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1920-08-26

| when MISS AutHOuy ueSdH thihihs
| in public of swoman's rights" she was
derided and Kissed by the men in her
1 audiences as q freak of nature" Un-.
dlsmayed, she carried the campaign
I to congress and to the states. During
the Civil war she demanded that wom-
en- be given equal rights with the new
~ enfranchised negroes. The answer
she got was: "This is the negro's
hour" For several years after the
Civil war Miss Anthony endeavored to
secure an Interpretation Of the four
| teenth and fifteenth amendments
(which would allow women to vote.
Finally, In 1872 at Rochester, N. Z.
she tried to force an Interpretation by
voting at the polls. She was arrested
and fined. She refused to pay the
fine, but was not gent to jail.
In 1876 Miss Anthony drafted the
amendment to the Constitution which
has now been ratified. In 1878 the
amendment was introduced in the SEN
ate by Senator Sargent of California.
1t was defeated In 1887 and thereafter
was not even debated in congress un-
| til 1914.
During the years the constitutional
amendment campaign was making no
progress the women won many VIC
tories In the states They secured full
suffrage in Wyoming (1869), Colorado,
Utah and Idaho (1894), Washington
| (1910), California (1911), Kansas. Ari-
IONA and Oregon (1912). Montana and
Nevada (1914), New York (1917), Ok
lahoma, South Dakota and Michigan
(191S). They won presidential suf-
frage In Illinois (1913), Nebraska.
Rhode Island and North Dakota
| (1917), Iowa, Wisconsin, Indiana,
Maine, Minnesota, Missouri and Ten
nessee (1919) and Kentucky (1920).
Partial suffrage prevails in many Of
the states. In Illinois. for example.
women vote for candidates for all Of
fees not mentioned by the state con-
stitution.
The National American Woman
Suffrage association in 1912 opened
headquarters In washington and be-
gan an active campaign for the
passage Of the amendment. In 1916
1t established branch headquarters
there which were devoted entirely to
the amendment campaign.
! The National Woman's party. or
ganized In 1910 by Alice Paul, estab-
lished Washington headquarters in
1918 and introduced the militant into
the campaign.
Alice Paul--the third Quakeress to
immortalize herself--is the spectacu-
lar figure Of the struggle. She Is
practical politician and developed the
| deadliest card index on members OF
congress that practical politics has
ever seen. Pretty soon she was serv-
ing notice through the White House
pickets that the president was the
imam higher up" The arrest OF near
| " 500 of these pickets and the impose
| ton of Jail sentences had no effect.
incidentally Miss Paul herself served
seven terms In jail.
The amendment was beaten three
times In the senate and once In the
house before it was finally passed by
the Sixty-sixth congress June 4, 1919,
4 by the necessary two-thirds majority.
/ The resumption Of woman suffrage
work after the Civil war was marked
| by the organization In 1869 Of two ma
tional organizations: National Wom-
an Suffrage association, with Mrs.
Stanton and Miss Anthony leaders and
headquarters in New York; American
Woman Suffrage association. with
Mary A. Livermore, Julia Ward Howe
and Lucy Stone leaders and headquar-
tiers in Boston. The line Of division
was this: The former wished to
concentrate on the passage Of con.
stitutional amendment; the latter
was In favor Of obtaining the sui.
frage through amendments to state
, constitutions. In 1890 the two organ
izations were united under the name
Of National American Woman Suf
fage Association, and work was
) pushed along both lines of endeavor
, Mrs. Stanton was president until
1882. Miss Anthony served until
J 1900. resigning at the age Of eighty
! Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait was its
& head, 19OO-1904. DR.. Anna Howard
]. Shaw, recently deceased and possibl,
' best loved of all the leaders--a won
an of transcendent gifts and elo
4 quence-was president until 1915
h Mrs. Gait was then again chosen
: Mrs. Frank Leslie left large legac,
4 to Mrs. Gait to be used In the work
II The National association made ar
: rangements at the st. Louis conven
Q ton of 1919 TO dissolve its organiza
i tion and become the League Of Won
! en- Voters. These arrangements be
! came effective at the Chicago conven
ton in February last.