davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12

ment should be reconvened and that the
military pact with Japan be cancelled. other
Southern delegates presented six other de-
mands, which made up the so-called eight
demands Of the South. When these de-
mands were presented the North broke on
negotiations, and Its delegates were recalled
to PeRing. That was about a year ago.
since which time there has been neither war
NOR peace between North and South, while
during this interval we have been exchanB-
ing ideas, Tuan having sent his agent to me.
He notified me that the war had been one
between him and me. and that, for his part
he desired peace, told his agent that Tuan
must meet me on the two points. that Of
reconvening the legally elected Parliament
and that of breaking away from Japan.
"A few weeks ago he became convinced
that my position was sound and We made
informal peace. Thereupon we issued a
manifesto calling the Shanghai Peace Con-
ference into being again, based on the eight
points within week Chang Tso-lin went
to Pelting to stop Tuan but Tuan, once hav-
Ing been convinced. was not to be turned
back again toward japan. That was his
downfall. 1
"There has always been struggle be-
tween the forces Of the Province Of Chihli and
those OF Anhuei for power, but while Tuan
had the backing Of Japan he was unbeatable.
So soon as he provoked Japan and before
the people realized that he had done 50,
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12
CHANG TsO-LtA

DR.. Sun Yat Sen, the American edu.
Gated Chinese leader and the first Presi-
dent of the Republic of China, has
given the following interview in order
tt make plain to those unfamiliar with
the complexities of Chinese politics
the situation that has resulted from
the recent short lived civil war
around Pekin. The written interview
was submitted to DR.. Sun for his
approval, and he returned the manu.
script to the author with note, one
sentence OF which is:
you have presented my views so
clearly that I h pc you will arrange
to have your article published in
China as well as abroad. as the for
eigners in China are almost as much
in the dark regarding the situation in
this country as are those living in
other countries"
There are many in Shanghai who
regard DR.. Sun as an impractical
idealist and as man whose views are
clouded by his intense hostility
toward Japan. However. these same
ones sec fed at this Cantonese leader
when he launched his first revolution
and predicted his SPEEDY collapse,
being aStounded when IL swept China
and drove the Manchus from the
Dragon throne.--[Ed. Note.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12
By R. o. MATHEsoN.

SHANGHAI, August 6.
TINE condition of China to-day as a
result Of the recent fighting
around Peking is worse than at
any time In her recent history. The out
come OF the trouble is that northern China
Today is absolutely in the hands Of the pro-
Japanese reactionaries. Chang Tso-lin, the
barometer OF the Japanese policy in China
S master of the situation backed by an
army of 100000 men, making him politically
ana mllitarly supreme and a vital danger to
The integrity of China"
Such is the opinion Of DR.. Sun Yat Sen.
"roSe life has been devoted to studying the
po"'ics Of his native land and who for the
i@St hfteen years has been one of the
@rong undercurrents in the flow Of Chinese
pohucal development. In his opinion the
sudden developments OF the past few weeks
""Ve thrown China's democracy back to
s"ch an extent that nothing but new revo-
"uon' starting from the very ground up,
tan hope to rectify it
No Hope of Early Peace.
Peace between the North and the South,
~ those divisions used to exist. is now in
u'"h''eIy postponed" he says There Is
w nope now Of these contending factions
s"t'ns together unless we of the South are
'"'eh' to surrender Internationally to
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12

Japan's way and she nearly succeeded, all
the other Powers being too occupied to pro.
test.
Then the complexion Of the war changed
and the United States became n participant,
inviting China to Join her first by severing
diplomatic relations with Germany, Japan
then realized that she could no longer keep
China out Of the struggle and she suddenly
switched to such an extent that instead OF
urging China TO remain neutral she now
urged China to gofurther than America had
suggested and to declare war upon Germany.
In so doing she abandoned her plan OF con-
trolling China automatically and adopted one
for controlling China milltarily. She drew
W the military pact whereby the Chinese
and japanese would combine forces with the
Chinese acting under Japanese direction.
"Of course Japan made II appear that this
plan had been initiated by China and that
Peking had asked for Joint action against
the common enemy. Under this pact Japan
was to train Chinese army, would control
the arsenals. and docks and take over the
task Of maintaining Internal peace In China.
Japan Support in the North.
This was Japan's second step and again
she nearly succeeded because again all the
Powers wanted China In the war and also
wanted to hold Japan solidly with the Allies.
Japan was given practically free hand in
China. This was two years before the ar
mistice and there was no Power willing to
help China. Even among the Chinese very
few saw the danger that loomed, but have
tten a student Of Japanese ways OF doing
things and saw the danger to my country.
Then I declared war In the name OF the
South against the North doing this to save
China and to defeat Japan. The direct effect
OF the declaration Of war was little so far
as Japan was concerned, but the effect upon
peking was great and II hindered all the
pro-Japanese military schemes and made
peking powerless to hand China over to
Japan.
After the South had declared war against
the North Japan put the whole weight OF
ler Influence back OF the North, supplying
arms and money to Marshal Tuan In his
campaign against me, for, although this has
rsen called a war between the North and
Tie South, 1t actually was a war between
the ideas backed by Tuan and those backed
10y me- as much Of the South refused to
fight for me and much Of the North refused
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12

vi ludiib Cnhnke OF nthrt nhu tOfeauy ne
gun TO circulate the truth concerning him.
but Japan struck before there was time for
the truth to save him and he was crushed
by the use Japan made OF those Chinese who
thought that by defeating Tuan they we're
defeating Japan.
THUS to-day Japan is supreme, with the
illegal President Hsu shih-chang the foun-
dation Of It all. He Is the one who made
the japanese success so easily possible.
Mo Room for Compromise.
"China's condition was never so critical
and the crisis she faces was never so mis-
understood by the Powers, with the excep-
ton, Of course, of japan.
There can be no end OF the trouble in
China now until a new revolution has cleared
the reactionaries all out again. must COM
mence my work all over, starting from the
very bottom, because there is no room for
any compromises. do not expect that there
will be- any active military movement from
the north against the south, because the old
north and south divisions are no more. 1t
is now north against north and south against
south. First we will unite the south and
then we will turn against the north. They
will never attack us. They have no such
courage. ~
"In the meanwhile Japan will go ahead
with her plans TO make the Chinese conquer
China for her. 1t is her one means left, be-
cause the world to-day would never stand by
and see Japan send her own soldiers into
China.
"rhis is the complex Chinese question.
When l planned my first revolution
thought that the Chinese question was one
fnr I ] tlo 1o
structive portion OF my programme, but
failed in the constructive portion because OF
unlocked for foreign interference. II China
were left alone to-day she could settle her
own problems in very short time, but shs
is not left alone"
Sees Many Forces Against New China.
At this point DIR. Sun was asked II tn,
matter OF Interference in China were
Japanese monopoly. rs the charge true
that Is so often made, that other Powe,
ere using the Japanese question to so oc
cupy the Chinese mind that China owe,
looks until too late what other Powers ma
be doing?" he was asked.
"All the Powers are against the ner
forces in China" he replied. after weighir.
the question. They all know what the
have received from the reactionary systeI
and they do not know what the new sy
tenn for China might have In store for theIg
SO they are all more or less against til
iew China"
'Henceforth" concluded Dr. Sun. 9TH.
Chinese situation win be even more compr
Gated and the only foreign Power to be IN
an understanding position and able to prof
by II will be Japan,
Japan knows how to use Chinese politics
for her own purposes, The others do not
In the case Of Tuan, for instance, Japan
used the sentiment that had been worked
up against her TO defeat the man who wa
Just about to become Japan's greatest men
ace, and the other foreigners In China are
.applauding this because they. too, thought
that Tuan's downfall was blow against the
Japanese"
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-09-12
YAI
{
g
RANVooo o
VNoEe1vooo

Japan. This we can never do, and the future
only holds more confusion, more chaos, more
complications for China, with the ascen-
dency of Japan over us never more pro-
nOunced."
The idea that exists very widely that
Marshal Tuan Chi-jui fought in the recent
series of clashes as pro-Japanese is ex-
octly contrary to the facts, declares DR.,
Sun. II is true, he says, that Tuan was
defeated largely bcause OF the popular idea
that he was a henchman of the Japanese.
an idea that was strong among the Chinese
generally and which even 80 permeated
Tuan's own army that half OF It refused to
fight for him, but, as a matter Of fact"
says DR., Sun, 'Nhe two armies that crushed
Tlan were one a pro-Japanese force and
one an anti1Japanese force, but to-day the
onti-Japanese leader is not permitted to
enter Picking, while the pro-Japanese leader
is having victory arches erected in his honor
and is being given almost royal greetings"
Summarizing the situation as It exists, Dr.
Sun goes back tb the outbreak of the Euro
pean war to make plain Just what has hap
pened
THE struggle lin China is still between
the old and the new" he says. 1T is the
reactonaries, who depend upon Japan for
support and the ones who desire to accom-
Jiish the actual democratlzation Of China
who face each other. The ideas Of the re-
dictionaries suit the Japanese policy, which
is to prevent the spread OF real republican
ideas in China for fear that they might ex-
tend into Japan and there threaten old es-
tablished institutions. The Japanese have
tried to check the spread Of new
iceas and to uphold the old.
A. to Japan's Schemes.
During the European war the Japanese
planned at first to conquer China diplo-
and to that end great care was
taken to keep China out Of the war despite
England's efforts to induce China to par
ticipate. The Japanese at FIRST succeeded,
'ollowing their success with the presentation
u the Twenty-one Demands--an ultimatum
% China that meant the coreanizing Of China
'ure and simple. Everything was working
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
I. W. W. POET Is FREE.

CHICAGO.-Charles Ashleigh, poet
of the working-class, is at liberty
again, after having esrved eighteen
months in the Federal Penitentiary
at Leavenworth, to which he was con-
victed with ninety-five other I. w. w.
His release on bail was obtained by
the American Freedom Foundation
which is working for immediate re-
lease of all political prisoners and for
restoration of American political and
civil liberty.
Whether Ashleigh will remain free,
or whether he will 60 back 10 serve
out the rest of his ten-year sentence,
will depend upon whether or not the
appeal of the I. w. w. will be sustain
ed. Argument took place here June 15,
Attorney Otto Christensen acting as
counsel for defense. 1t may be several
months before the decision is handed
down.
Ashleigh left behind him at Leaven-
worth about $50 political prisoners
Some fifty of these are I. W. w. con-
victed in Chicago; thirty.seven, I. W.
W. convicted at Sacramento; twenty-
seven, I. W. W. imprisoned as a result
of the faomus "Wichita Indictment
Four more. I. w. W. from San Fran
cisco are in the number. The others
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
COMMUNIST CASES ARE NoLLED.

ROCKFORD, Ill.-Upon motion of
States Attorney William johnson in
the local circuit court, the indictments
against Mrs. Christine Person and
Peter Anderson, alias Martell, were
nolle pressed and by agreement Karl
Lind was released from the county
Jail on his own recognizance.
They were three of 13 who were in
dicted by the county grand jury here
on the charge of violating the Illinois
anti.sedition statute. Mrs. Person, Lind
and Anderson were members of the
Communist Labor Party Of America and
were among the nearly 200 persons who
were scooped up here in the federal
raid on Jan. 2.
Mrs. Person is in a critical condi-
titr suffering from tuberculosis. The
Persons have three children.
Peter Anderson and Karl Lind have
been in the county Jail since Jan. 2.
sovIETs ARE LENIENT OF MIS-
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
Soviet Troops are Lenient.

BERLIN, May 20,-(By MaiD. In
today's "Freiheit" is prominently dis
played an army order issued to all the
Russian Soviet troops engaged in re-
sisting the Polish invasion. The ordern
which is dated May 10, and signed by
Minister of War Trotzky, reads as
follows:
"Under all circumstances are prison.
ers and wounded men to be treated
as opponents who are entitled TO pro.
lection.
eff the Polish White Guards com.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
Bill Smith.
S S S


Do you remember when Mitch Pal.
mer,-after getting some millions Of
dollars from a subservient Congress,
organized his "Flying Squadron" to
chase down the profiteers-and thus
kick the lining out Of the ol II. G. L.,
do you remember that, boys9 Sure.
Do you remember how these profiteers
then left the country in ship loads to
dodge Mitch-and how he filled jails
with those that fell into his remorse.
less clutches-and how the II. G. L.
dropped so rapidely that one grew
dizzy watching lido you remember
that, too, boysi Neither do we.
But one must not be to hard on
Mitch for these profiteers are very
elusive,-they keep under cover. 1t
is as hard to find one as it is to find
the elephant at circus. But if Pal.
mer really wanted to get at the bottom
of this profiteering,-what a golden
opportunity he lost just recentlyl
Here assembled at Atlantic City in
April an aggregation which calls it.
self the U. s. Chamber Of Commerce.
Now if he had followed tho tactics he
pursued in tho East, Of raiding night
schools, where foreigners were trying
to improve their education,-and have
thrown O Gordon Of his sleuths around
this Atlantic City assembly-and then
arrested the whole bunch,-without
warrant or explanation-and slammed
them into widely separated jails with
out privilege Of bail,-and then started
an investigation, just one half as
drastic as he did with tho foreigners,
--as to what and who were back of
these people;--holy geol boys, wouldn't
there be a smelli
3 :
Commerce means-"Barter, Trade
and Traffic."
Thus the most stupid person can
readily see where to look for the pro.
fitecr After the production Of com.
modify, no matter whether mechanical
or agrieulture,-it then enters tho do
main Of Commerce-the Kingdom Of
the Profitoors. Then the Public com.
mences to get IL in the neckl II is in
this Kingdom Of the Profitccrs, that
300 percent from farmer to consumer
is filched--the 600 per cent from cattle
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
Slow Progress in Communist Trial.

CHICAGO.--Of six hundred men thus,
far questioned as prospective jurors
in the trial Of twenty-four members
of the Communist Labor Party, charged
with criminal syndicalism and conspi-
racy to advocate the overthrow of the
government by force, only eight have
proven acceptable to both sides, and
have been sworn in. The state has ex-
hausted So of its 200 peremptory
challenges; the defense sixty-four.
The trial began on May 10th and is
completing its sixth week.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
THE COMMUNIST CALL TO THE WORKERS

We communists say to the workers: "Many thorns
lie in path, but must without losing courage
go forward The great Revolution which has turned the
entire old world upside down, cannot run althogether
smoothly cannot accomplish it with kid gloves on
it being born in pain These pains must be endured
patiently, its purgatory must be endured in order fin
ally to get free Of the iron wise Of captaisc slavery
The Menshevk, Social Revolutionaries, Social Dem
ocrats stand aoof and look on crcise the mistakes and
failures and draw from them this conclusion let us
turn back let give everything back to the bourgeose
and let modesy demand reasonable portions in cur
capitalist stable!
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
By o. Ruchtaeschel

| oy W. huCutdcoCucl
The case of the Communist Labor
Party of Cincinnati against the Robert
Bently Post of the American Legior
for damages done to its beadquarter.
last November, was concluded il
court there last week. The jury's yer
dict was in favor of the defendants
! The case will not be appealed. Jos. w
Sharts was the attorney for the plain
rtiff. The Post was represented by o.
attorneys.
Out of the immense material dev,
eloped from this trial, we can quote
only very small part of it.
The defendants admitted guilt, bui
made as excuse for their crimes, that
their patriotic fervor was avansed
which prompted them, to destroy the
literature, which they claimed was
seditious.
The examination of the witnesses
brought forth the fact, that the de.
PENDANTS had only superficial knowl.
edge of the cantents of the literature
destroyed and that the ring leader
Cooper, had conversation "over the
telephone" with the federal authorities
who stated, there was no law which
prohibited the printing and distribu.
tion of that literature.
In the proceedings of the trial the
counsel for the defense tried in vain
to prove that the platform of the c.
L. P. breaches violence.
The counsel for the defense read that
'into" the platform and claimed
their Interpretation of the platform
was absolutely correct. To prove their
contention, they brought in everything
and anything under the sun.
If attorney Jos. sharts for the plain
tiff made the attempt to 60 to the
bottom of it, Colston, counsel for the
defense objected to it. The manner
in which he objected and was sustain
ed by the presiding judge showed the
one sideness of the proceedings. We
cite here only two cases: Gragdon for
the defense brought in the history Of
the prison ship Of Dorset, England.
About two hundred years ago, seven
agriculture workers, acting as a COM
mittee to ask for higher wages, were
charged with conspiracy, found guilty
and sentenced to deportation.
A defective" photograph of Rus
sian newspaper was admitted as evid-
ence.
But as Sharts for the plaintiff talked
about the history of Cincinnati to
prove his side, objections were sus-
tanned.
A photograph, showing the destruc-
tion in our office, made on the 10Th
of November, the very morning after
the raid, was declared Gas arranged".
After long and tedious proceedings
the hearing of the witnesses was
finished.
One CONSPICUOUS fact impressed itself
to the audience.
The counsel, ignorant Of econo-
mic science, tried to hide this fact
by boisterous language and cheap, silly
remarks alleged to be witty. The an
tics of the members of the American
Legion reminded us of the behavior of
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25

NIT massacres and execute not only
communists, but every Russian who
falls into their hands, Soviet Russia
will hold the ruling classes and not the
Polish workers responsible for this.
"All the Polish crimes deserve but
one answer: Vigorous attacks upon tho
Polish White Guards"
The Freiheit comments upon the
order by saying that "Russia feels
strong enough not to retaliate upon
misguided Polish workers for the
crimes of adventurers.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25

are members of the Working Glass
Union of Oklahoma; Kansas City Com
munists; the Magon brothers; Brent
Down Allinson and Jaeger, conscienti.
GUS objectors. All of these men are
political prisoners still in Jail as a re-
suit of war time emergency legislation.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25
NO. 1875.
From Our Petrograd Correspondent.
Patroorad Anril TX 1000
Petrograd, April Is, 1920.


My Dear Friends
l could write you now about five volumes of 700
pages each, it only be possible to deliver them to you
In Russia indeed is workers and peasants government
but the long is terrible destroying the national wealth
and trlng out the nation The only thing that
husSla is the Soviet form Of government and the necessary
means of production granted to it. regardless of where
they come from The Soviet government yet is not the
exponent and the apparatus to realize the Communist
principle If it is not led and controlled by Communist
Party The Communist Party and the Soviet government
are two different things in the space and time More
yet: the Soviet government will not be n
gov nment t if the International prole-
tartan movement will not grow and force it's governments
to back down economically they forced to back
down miltariy Unless this takes place there will be not
only no Communism in Russia, but there will be nothing
People will die out thru starvation and the complete
collapse of civilization will follow not only in Russia but
In all capitastc countries The capitalist class would de-
grade the workers in state of slavery Therefore work
with united forces for International Communism.
In Petrograd [ met comrade Sinovyev, who recently
went through an operation for appendicitis but is re-
covering fast The Lett Peters, who branded by the
American borgeoisie press the Bolshevk butcher be-
cause he the extraordinary commssaire to combat
counterrevoluton not killed by bomb as reported
but occupies high post in Caucasus have also met
other leaders Of the revolution for instance, Radek,
Bucharln and Maxim Gorky. Radek very active and
attractive individual Bucharn very absent minded and
usually forgets his comfort If someone will not put
him on his coat, he will leave it and go without So once
am told going from Moscow to Petrograd he lost his
overcoat In this manner and supplied another heard
Maxim Gorky in the Perograd Soviet session That great
author is poor speaker Concerning the views of Boil
shevlsm held by you and l. wish to say that we were
the best Bolshewiks views conform with those of
Lenn.
Yours for the triumph of the working class
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-06-25

This U. S. Chamber Of Peddlers have
yearly CAB fest, their last orgy being
Continued on page ~