davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1920-07-16
MONTEREY, MEXICO,
AND NEUVO Laredo
STRUCK BY REBELS
Both Attacks Directed by Pol
iticaI Leaders-U. S. Sends
Equipment to Border.

San Antonio, Texas. July 15.-The
arrest OF General Pablo Gonzales hy
order of Provisional President dc la
Huerta at Monterey, Thursday, was an
nounced here by Teodulo Beltran, con-
sui of the Mexican provisional govern
ment.
With General Gonzales were arrested
Generals Carlos Garviu and Jose t..
Santos, the consul said He added that
a court martial for immediate trial had
been ordered.
A copy of an official statement reach
ing san Antonio today from Mexico City
quoted General p. Elias Gales, minister
Of war in the provisional government,
as saying that General of Division
Pablo Gonzales is operating between
Tampico and Monterey, working in con-
junction with Generals Ozuna and Qua
jardo.'
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1920-07-16

Iardeo. Tex. July 15.-The situation
in Nuevo Laredo was quiet. but tense:
Thursday night with the whereabouts nt
some 300 Mexican rebels who attacked
the town unknown, Besides the gar
rfson Of about 300 men, several hundred
responded to a call e the de-
tense Of the town and were under arms,
fearing a night attack.
Eight federal soldiers and one rebel
were reported killed before the. rebels
we're driven off today. 4 small party
Of YaQui Indians from Piedras Nesra.:'
who reinfor ,ad b. Nuevo Laredo garl-
son also reported eight or ten rebels had
been killed in a skirn.ish between "a
auis and the rebels six miles south OF
the border here Fifteen wounded reb-
els we're reported 10 have crossed to
the Texas side during the day.
These reports could not be confirmed.
San Antonio, Tex July 15.-The ma
chine gun campany which was ordered 70
the border, has been at Camp Stanley
four weeks undergoing training and was
not due to rejoin its regiment for sew
eral days.
The four airplanes received orders Mt
midnight Wednesday night and flew in
the darkness to Laredo. arriving al,
dawn Thursday They were commanded
by CAPTAIN Arthur g. Brooks.
In announcing the dispatch Of addl-
tional troops to the border. Colonel A. h,
Saxton, department adjutant. said the a.
ton was merely precautionary. He de-
clined to say what orders have been Civ
en- Colonel Frank T. Winn, commanding
the Thirty seventh infantry and small de-
tachments at Laredo. but explained that
standing orders authorize border, com
manders in an emergency to send punt
tive expeditions across the line
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
AUTUMN TROUBLES IN FLOCK
Roup Is One of Most Common Dis
eases and Is Most Often Con-
tracted by Weak Fowls

One of the most common diseases
Of the farm poultry flock during the
autumn is roup. This disease is fire.
quently found In damp, poorly venti-
lated houses and is most often con-
tracted by birds that are poorly de
veIoped and Of low vitality. Fowls Of
this type frequently get roup and are
the means Of spreading it through
out the flock Obviously, prevention
should consist of eliminating the
weaklings from the flock and provid-
ing a house that viii be dry and free
from drafts, but well ventilated, says
the United States Department Of
Agriculture
An additional prevention against
this disease is the following: Add
as much potassium permanganate as
will remain on the surface Of a dime
to each gallon of drinking water and
keep before the fowls. This acts as
an antiseptic and will help to keep
the birds in good condition. An at
tempt to cure the individual Of roup
It not advisable, for, although in the
majority Of cases. there may be an
apparent cure, the danger OF reinfec-
ton is great, and frequently such
birds cause the disease to spread
throughout the flock. The safest
policy is Immediately to remove such
birds from the flock and kill them as
soon as they show the first symptoms,
recognized by a watery discharge
from the nOstrils or eyes.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
AIR CREDIT

THE world has conceded the genius
L of Wright and Curtiss, but only
as individuals. In reality our national
aeronautic proWess runs back sixty
years and more.
When we contemplate the $1,000
100000 which has been suggested for
the next aviation budget, and the plan
of building $4,000 machines in one year
it is little difficult to understand the
governments former attitude.
The balloon idea" was brought to
Washington in 1851 by Professor
Lowe. He was a young inventor who
started us making artificial ice. He
died only four years ago after long
life which was calculated TO spite his
enemies in the capitol. They had call
ed him a lunatic when he proposed to
fly over the Confederate lines and
bring back information.
There was a rumor that the hostile
army was about to attack Young
loves balloon was used as a last re-
sort. He assembled about 5000 feet,
drifted over the enemy batteries, and
returned with what proved to be
straight dope that Johnny Red had no
intention of starting anything.
This exploit was such a feather In
loves bonnet that his pay was in
creased to $40 a day. Which ruined
him. For, though he made subsequent
f1ights-or drifts, the "gross indecency
of paying a common Prof. such a sum
when men were dying for less" ere
ated a near-riOt. As a compromise 1t
was reduced to Sc. But his retirement
soon followed. Sic semper the 'cit."
The Union army then made its own
"aerOstats," as they were called. Reg
ular reconnaissance work was carried
out, but as the balloon was always
captive the zone of inquiry was very
narrow. Foreigners came over to in
vestigate the wild rumOrs which had
become rife in Europe.
The technique Of this early aviation
corps was very crude. Their gas bags
were of rough cotton goods, oiled, and
doubled-spIiced at the seams. Initiation
was achieved by means of hot air from
a pine-knot fire. A heavy rope anchor
ed the balloon. Several times this got
foul of the operators on the ground
and had to be cut. The observer land
ed when and where he could. Usually
he drowned or else ate his supper in
a Confederate prison camp.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09

equipped car can be used several times
as is the case under arrangements In
Maine and other potato centers. The
lumber required for a standard car 6
by 81 by SO feet, with doors 5 feet
wide, is as follows:
Ii pieces by 4 inches by Il # long.
pieces 2 by inches by Is feet long.
1,SO0 square feet of 1-inch lumber Is feet
long.
$3.50 square feet of building paper.
Place seven-foot studding around the
walls of the car about three feet apart
with blocks behind so that there is
total air space of six inches at the
end and an air space on the sides
four inches at the top, spreading to six
inches at the bottom. Flooring should
be laid on two by six stringers set up
edgewise and run lengthwise of the
car. 1t is important that the spaces
should be left open at both ends sc
that there is perfect circulation Of the
warm air. The flooring and sides
should be double. with building paper
between the thicknesses.
Air Should Circulate Freely.
The spaces between the studding
should be left open at the top and bot
tom. Do not make the mistake Of
mailing a strip across the end Of the
stringers toward the stove, as this
will prevent warm air circulation.
A special fire door is necessary for
the car, with hole for the stovepipe.
Railroads have special regulations for
the placing and securing of the stove.
The car should be heated for at least
six hours before loading, and longer in
extremely cold weather.
a suitable bulkhead is to be built on
each side of the door, to be put in
place as the potatoes are loaded The
sacks of potatoes should not be piled
closer than eight inches to the ceiling.
as circulation Of air is essential. The
main principle of shipping potatoes
safely in heated cars is to secure per
feet circulation Of air completely
around the cargo. When the car is
fitted up in the manner described here,
the air flows over the top Of the bulk
heads which, Of course, are left sew
eraI inches from the ceiling. 1t cir
culateS over the potatoes, the papered
ceiling preventing too much cooling
from the outside, and then comes down
to the end of the car and back under
the floor, some of the air currents al
so flowing down the sides between the
studding.
AS cars thus equipped come more in
to use, better arrangements are being
made with railway companies for pre-
serving the equipment. In Maine the
potato cars with stoves are returned
to shippers free of charge, and in
western states the general rule is to
return the lumber and stoves free.
Even where full freight rates are
charged on the return of the equip
fnent, the expense is reasonable when
compared with the loss which would
occur from shipping in unprotected
cars.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
GRAIN ELEVATORS TO
FILL ECONOMIC NEED
Plan of Farmers Organization
MuSt Be Sound.
Cooperative Enterprise to Be Sue
eessfuI Requires Efficient Manage
ment-Three Distinct Forms
in United States.

A cooperative elevator company,
ike any other business organization,
must rest first upon some substantial
economic need, say specialists of the
United States DEPARTMENT of Agri-
culture in Department Bulletin $50 on
organization of cooperative grain ele-
vatOr companies. An organization may
come into existence by means of prop
uganda and engendered to serve po-
itical, fraternal or idealistic purpose,
but unless some substantial benefit or
service is secured to the community
such organization eventually must fail.
The value TO the community of any
enterprise or undertaking is measured
in direct proportion TO the need
thereof.
The plan Of organization must be
sound. This means that something
more is necessary than mere state
ments OF the high purposes and aim
Of the association. It means a def
mite and practicable plan OF action. a
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
Live Stock
News
SELECTING BEST BEEF CALF
Animal Must Have Proper Conforma.
ton, Breed Type and Good Gen.
eral Appearance.

IF the beef calf selected for raising
is to develop into a useful, profitable
individual for breeding purposes, it
must be a good calf as well as the
descendant Of good ancestors. Keep
In mind that you are either selecting
a calf for a herd bull or for a founda-
ton breeding COW. To be classed as
a good calf it must have the proper
form, which Is sometimes spoken OF
as type" or Conformation" If you
expect to select calf with these nee
essary requirements, you should be
come familiar with them. Study pic
lures of famous animals; note their
form. a score card of the breed you
are most interested in would be use
full. Learn the different parts Of q
beef animal and the method Of exam
ination in judging them.
In selecting the calf, first get an
idea Of it's general appearance. This
you may do by looking at it from
distance of from 10 to Is feet, OBJ
serving it's weight or growth accord
ing TO age, conformation, quality, con-
dition, body, breed type, and general
disposition. Observe 1t closely, begin
ming at the head and neck, then fore
quarters, body, and headquarters, In
order named. If a bull is selected, 1t
should not have the appearance Of a
heifer or a steer, but the strong, Wig
orous, masc--1.ne appearance of a bull
in every detail. If a heifer is selected.
she should have the feminine appear
ance Of a good breeding COW rather
than the possible coarseness or rough
ness Of a steer
Thus observing the calf without put
ing your hands on it, select one that
is stylish and active. When viewed
from the front it should have a short
face, large muzzle, wide forehead,
short neck, and a wide, deep chest, in
dicating a strong, vigorous constitution.
When looked at from the side its back
should be straight and level from top
of shoulders to the tail. It should
have deep body and smooth. long
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
A New Log Saw
Cuts Faster, Costs Less, Makes
More Money for Users and
Works While You Rest.

A new improved power log saw, now
being offered, outdOes all other log saws
In cutting wood quickly and at little
cost. A new 4-cycle, high power motor
equipped with Oscillating Magnetic
no batteries to fail yOu-makes the saw
bite through logs faster than other log
saws. It finishes its cut and is ready for
another before the ordinary saw is well
started. This log Saw-The Ottawa-hSS
a specially designed friction clutch, con-
troIled by a lever, which starts and stops
the saw without stopping the engine
Others have initiated, but no other
power log saw has this Improvement
just like the Ottawa. The Ottawa Log
Saw sells for less money than any
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09

plan which anticipates so far as it is
possible to anticipate the practical
problems and difficulties to be met I'm
actual operations.
A cooperative enterprise in order
to be successful must be conducted
under efficient management and in &C.
cordance with a welI-defned business
policy. There has been too much tend
ency in the past to employ as man
ayers men who are merely industrious
and honest and who may not have that
keen, discriminating judgment and
tactful address so necessary in man
agerial positions.
In the United States three distinct
forms of farmers elevator organiza-
lions are found, namely, I'D joint
stock companies and unincorporated
societies; (2) ordinary private corpor-
atiOns Of the capitaI-stock form; and
CD cooperative associations incorpor-
ated under special cooperative law.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09

Most of the $4,000, 600 busheI crop
Of potatoes harvested in the United
States will be shipped by rail, and
large part of 1t will go in box cars at
a time when the temperature is below
freezing. These cars will remain ex-
posed to the weather for days at a
time, and even where refrigerator cars
are used the frost will permeate the
thick insulated walls. Experiences
show that to ship potatoes successfully
in winter artificial heat. is necessary,
and in sections where the most pota-
toes are shipped it has been found ex-
pedient to install stoves. Few rail-
roads have yet come to the point of
heating produce cars, although it is
hoped that more will do so eventually.
Studied Car Heating.
At a time when the conservation of
every ounce of food was vital the
bureau Of markets, United States De-
partment of Agriculture, made a study
of car-heating arrangements for po-
tato shipments, and the method de-
vised has been put into successful use.
In using stoves in potato cars thor
Ough distribution Of heat is essential.
The stove is placed in the middle of
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
STREAMS

" HE bridge is shrouded in I'm
Il penetrable gloom. So is the
Officer-of-the-deck. Inky black is the
splotch of a battleship ahead. Two
shades blacker is the blotch of another
in swift pursuit astern.
The fleet is steaming 'darkened' In
column.
A bell rings. The o. o. D. never
takes his tense eyes from the rail.
Hello" shouts a quartermaster down
the engineroom voice-tube. Condenser
temperatures show we've run out Of
the stream" comes the muffled report
'U-m-m." grunts the o. o. D. as
though bored. But he isn't. He knows
the Gulf Stream has been left behind.
The knowledge is as definite as a
'HTimes SquareI' shouted by a subway
guard.
Streams of ocean currents are the
great rivers of the sea. Movement of
the water is caused mostly by winds
prevailing in one direction for long
periods of time.
The Gulf Stream is 80 to $50 miles
in width and flows at the leisurely
pace of to miles On hour. 1t swings
upward along the Florida coast, is de-
f1ected by Hatteras, and shoots a cool
three thousand miles to Iceland and
the British Isles. A southern branch
strikes the Belly of Europe" as the
Bay of Biscay is awkwardly called.
All these countries it warns.
But the American coast shivers in
the chill of an arctic current. This
frigid stream squirts from the mouth
of Baffin bay and drenches with its
berg-cooled spray the rocks Of Labra-
dor and Maine and the yellow Jersey
sands.
If, as has been proposed, a NAM
moth breakwater were built eastward
from New Foundland shooting the
northern current out, America would
become tropical in climate while our
English brethren built snow igloos.
In the Pacific a Japan current and
one from Behring sea correspond to
the warm and cold pair in the At
lantic. The Alaskan coast, Ike Eng
land, is warm
Below the continental tips a great
stream runs clean around the world.
In the South Atlantic, South Pacific
and Indian oceans are huge lazy w11irI-
pools 5000 miles in diameter caused
by contrary currents.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09

Calf of Desirable Type-Note the Beef
Conformation and Excellent Breed
Characteristics Shown in This
Heifer.
headquarters. When viewed from the
rear it should present a wide, deep
appearance. While as much width as
possible is desired, it should not be
accompanied with roughness about the
shoulders and the hips or hooks. The
legs should be rather short, stout, and
set wide apart. A calf that stands
high from the ground, cut up in the
flank, and shallow in the heart girth,
has little chance of developing into q
useful or profitable breeding animal.
After you have found a calf with
good general appearance, have some
one hold it so that you can put your
hands on it. This is the best way to
determine what are called condition
and quality" Condition means the
amount of flesh and fat the calf has
Select q calf in good growing cOndi-
ton, but not excessively fat. The beef
calf for breeding purposes should have
great depth of natural flesh and be
free from roughneSs or cOarseness in
any way. By running the open hand
along the back and sides with a slight
pressure of the finger tips the amount
and quality of condition may be de
termined. A calf in proper growing
condition, while not possessing the
depth of flesh of a mature animal,
should have a smooth, even covering
of firm though not hard flesh along its
back and sides and over the shoulders.
Quality may be determined by the
eye Of the experienced judge, but the
hand may also be used to advantage
All the following indicate quality: A
thick coat of hair that feels soft and
silky and looks glossy; loose, pliable
skin that does not seem thick, rough
or tightly stretched over the body
and rather short legs that appear I'd
have strong, clean bones without
roughness or coarseness.
A calf showing early maturity, as
indicated by the tendency to put on
an even covering of rather firm flesh
is desirable
Color is Of little Importance as long
as the calf selected has the approved
color of the breed desired. There are
however, popular shades and color
markings of the different breeds
which you will learn from further
study Of the breed selected.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
KEEP DUCKS AND GEESE BUSY
Feed Enough to Keep Them in condi-
ton and Leave Them Eager for
Something More.

After the birds are mated, prefer
ably not later than December 1, keep
them active. Their ration should be
bulky. using about one-fifth Of green
stuff They should not be fed all they
can eat, but enough to keep them in
condition and leave them eager for
food.
They do better on cracked corn
than on q ration Of cornmeal only. II
ducks and geese are wintered in good
condition, and mated early, there
should be no difficulty in getting fer
tile eggs. Too early eggs are not de-
sirable- Ducks especially lay very
early in the morning. and the very
early eggs are apt to freeze.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09

the car. and unless special precautions
are taken it will overhead the potatoes
near the door, while those farther
away, especially on the floor, will fail
to get heat and become frozen.
The most successful method is to
build a false floor and walls with a
bulkhead at each side of the stove so
that the hot air may circulate freely
all around the potatoes, returning I'M
der the false floor to the point of heat
ing. 1t is necessary also to paper the
entire interior of the car to prevent
too rapid cooling Of the circulating
air.
Equipping the car in this way is
somewhat expensive, but not in COM
parisOn to the value of the potatoes
protected, especially when the
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1920-12-09
RED TAPE

ID ED TAPE was once the means Of
N tying up official documents. Now
adays red tape is the means Of tying
up most anything from gumshoes to
governments. Red tape may draw
line against the errors Of slipshod
workers. More often, however, 1t fet-
ters efficiency and makes hangman's
moose for action.
Once in the fleet there was a zap
tain who desired an especially cbnve-
nient form of waste basket. He had it
made on reQuisitiOn by the navy yard.
Unfortunately just as 1t arrived aboard
he was ordered to another ship. In the
confusion of departure the waste bas-
ket remained behind.
At the end of the quarter the cap
tain's yeoman (clerk) made an invoice
as per "regs." Everything checked up
o. K. but the basket. It was missing,
and it could not be expended" be-
cause it was an item of some value
and rather new.
A letter Of inquiry was sent to the
old ship stating the case and request
ing that the article be forwarded. At
ter some weeks the letter was return
ed with several sheets of endorse
ments attached. It turned out that the
navigator had taken the basket with
him when he went to command a Pa
cff1c coast cruiser.
The navigator respectfully stated"
that his baggage had gone adrift, the
basket with it. Whereupon q survey
or investigation was ordered by the
original owner. The yeoman prepared
all papers in due form explaining the
loss Of the article and forwarded them
to Washington.
These papers including six endorse
ments of explanation were sent out to
the navigator. He smeared on a few
more and mailed the packet back to
his old ship. On arrival the batch was
not fully understood. It was endorsed
a few times more and boosted on to
headquarters, who shot it back to the
captain.
Briefly that packet made the circuit
four and a half times. Each time it
connected a few dozen more endorse
ments, remarks, comments, inquiries
and respectful statements.
Finally the captain called in his yeo-
man. Jones'" he said, eff 1 find that
bIankety-blank waste basket batch of
rot on my desk again I'm going to dis
rate you to coal-passer. If 1 don't find
1T I'll rate you up to chief" Jones aye
aye-sired and beat it. He looked up
the monthly difference in pay between
his rate and that of chief. It was
something like ten dollars. He went
ashore and spent ten beans.
Next day the captain found under
his desk a fine new waste basket. 1t
was just like the one he'd lost. In the
bottom of it was a pile of paper torn
to bits. Red tape had been shipped in
to a million pieces.
But suppose everybody started snip
ping.