davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
CROP
TAKES A SLUMP
Boil Weevil Very Active During
Past Two Weeks
EXPECT LITTLE TOP CROP
Plant Unusually Large, But
Sappy and Poorly Fruited-
May Become General in About
Two Weeks
(Commercial-Apneall.

crop letters, of the average date of
September 10, received from c6rre-
spondents of The Commercial APP
peal indicate that the condition of the
cotton crop has deteriorated I'm excess
OF normal since August 25. Dcterior-
alton has been general, but heaviest
I'm Oklahoma and least i'm North Car
olina. The general condition of the
crop Is somewhat below the To- year
average for the corresponding date.
Unfavorable weather and boil wee
vii activity. stimulated by excessive
moisture and low temperatures about
general over the belt, account for the
poor showing made by the crop dur
ing the past two weeks. The plant
I'm most sections Is unusually large,
but is sappy and has run too much
TO weed. and Is showing little ,indi-
cation of maturity to be expected i'm
varying stages at this season. -. 49,.
Boil weevif are now i'm every i'm
portant cotton producing state, with
the exception OF North Carolina, but
are doing little damage i'm Oklahoma,
Tennessee. the YazOo- Mississippi del
tn and West Texas, and in scattered
counties of South Carolina. Elsewhere
boil weevil have vitiated, on u very
large scale. efforts of the plant to
make top crop, and where the plant.
Ing was late the middle crop has also
been greatly reduced by boil weevil.
In some sections, due principally to
heavy foliage and excessive moist re-,
bottom bolls, especially those touch
ing the ground, are rotting. On the
whole the plant Is not well fruited. -
IL Is now merely a question OF ho'v
much cotton will escape the boil wee
vii I'm weevil sections, and how much
will be ahead Of frost I'm sections
where boil weevil Is a negligible fac
tor. .. ...'
Some cotton Is open to about the
northern limits of the belt, but it will
probably be 10 days to two weeks
before picking becomes general.
Weather conditions have been most
ly favorable for picking In South and
Southwest Texas, where picking is
about 60 per cent completed, but less
favorable In Louisiana, South Alabama
and South Georgia.
Fields as a rule are completely free
from grass and there has been little
abandonment OF acreage.
Warm, dry weather is badly needed
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Law
In ITALY
Receives Protest and Approval
From People
CLERGY AND SOCIALISTS .
DIFFER ON SUBJECT
New Law Opposed By Catholic
and Many Think 1t Will Fail
To Pass

Rome, Sept. IA law to permit
divorce in Italy proposed by the So
cialist nde 1uty, Marangoni, has reused
both protest and approval in the
clerical and Socialist camps. The bill
has now been examined by a pap
liamentary commission which has
amended il.
Under the proposed law divorce
would be permitted in consequence Of
separation for three years in the case
of those who have children, two Yeas
in the case of those who have none. {,
Dissolution of marriage could also
be asked by a husband who, having
been absent on military service, or for
the execution Of civil or philanthropic
duties on the occasion of some nation
al calamity, could prove that during
his absence his wife committed adul-
terry. Reasons for separation of mar
ricd persons legalized by the proposed
! law include: Mental infirmity, de-
clared TO be incurable rendering mar
| ried life dangerous or intolera BILE; de-
| sertiOn on the part of husband or
wife; infiction Of a penal sentence
carrying the Introduction of civil.
rights; and habitual crime or immor-
ality injurious to the honor of the
| family.
| The proposed law also regulates the
! legitination of children born out of
matrimOny; settles the question of
aim Ony, the restitution Of the dot and
the arrangements regarding property
held in common by man and wife.
provides for the education and MAIN
tenancc Of children aud for the irsti-
tuition called a family council'' to
which Italians fairly now often have
recourse for matrimonial troubles.
However, the idea of the institution
OF divorce is so strange to many Ital-
ians, and is so strongly opposed by the
Roman Catholic church, that many
are of the opinion that it has but a
slight chance of becoming law, al
though it is supported with some
fervOr by the socialists.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Furman Alumni Meet
Movement of
Troops Takes Time

Greenville. Sept. ia get-togeth-
er meeting of all former Furman stu
oentS IN GreenVille county for the
good of "Old Furman' is to be held
on the evening of October /, accord
ing TO plans formulated yesterday at
a gathering Of the Greenville Furman
club. 1t is planned to make the
event lively one, and one which will
result in great benefit for this growing
institution.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
BOlsheviki Resent
American Note
Say 1t Will Lead to Misunder-
standing

London, Sept. 17.-The bolshevik
minister of foreign affairs addressed a
note to Italy saying Secretary Colbys
recent note on Poland was impossible
TO understand and would probably re
suit i'm insufficient information az to
the real facts OF national conditions i'm
eastern Europe.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Prices Drop
Department of Labor Makes
Report

Washington, Sept. 1S.-A drop Of
four and a-half cents in the general
level Of wholesale prices during Aug
ust was reported by the department
of labor. Foodstuffs showed the
greatest price reCessions. the decrease
averaging more than twelve per cent.
Farm products declined nearly six per
cent and clothing five and three-quar-
ters. Fuel, metals and house fur
nishings showed an increase.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Quiet Day i'm Coal
Strike District

birmingham, Ala, Sept. 17.-Quiet
prevailed in the coal strike district af-
ter the disturbance of yesterday, but
reports that Governor Kilby had or
dered troops into the district did not
lessen the intense feeling. .ah
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22

Sacramento. Calf, Sept l7.--Gov.
Cox today praised Senator johnson as
exponent OF prOgressivcism and tlay-
cd big business and Republican leaHers
supporting Harding in his address,
making an effort to secure the elector-
ial vote which clinched Wilson's last
election
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Jack Johnson Leaves
For LeavenWOrth
Drops Fight For Release From
Conviction

Chicago, Sept. 1S.-Jack Johnson,
negro, former worlds champion pu-
gilist. has decided TO drop his fight
for release from conviction of vfoIat-
ing the white slave law and prepared
to leave tonight for Leavenworth
prison to serve his year sentence.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22


vinced him that wagon containing a
bomb or bombs was left i'm front of
the subtreasury binding with q tim
ing device so fixed as to cause II to
explode precisely at noon. No trace
OF the driver of the wagon has been
found. he said. and added that in his
opinion the man escaped q few mo-
ments before the explosion occurred.
Fire Chief Kenton and officers from
the bureau OF combustibles, also ex-
pressed the belief that the explosion
was caused by q bomb after examin-
ing fragments OF meta found in the
street In front Of the Morgan offices.
DR.. William T.. Doyle, chief of the bu-
reau Of combustibles. pointed out that
the small hole found in the street near
the Morgan offices and the widely
scattered scars on the facades OF near
by buildings also indicated that the
blast was caused by a bomb rather
than by explosion Of a quantity Of
dynamite ~ other explosives.
The banking house of J. Z. Morgan
x Co. and the recently complet-
ed annex to the sub-treasury building
received the greatest amount of dam
age by the explosion. All the windows
in the Morgan building, facing on
both Wall and Broad streets, wene
blown out and with them the wire
protection by which they were faced
on the outside Of the structure. The
glass dome ceiling of the building
also was broken and many OF the
steel supports to the glass bent and
twisted. o.,
The interior finishing of the Nor
gan bank Is OF marble, much OF It
imported from Italy and arranged in
designs and patterns selected by the
founder of the bank. This marble is
blackened by smoke, but not beyond
the point OF restoration, it was stated
Much of the handsome office furni-
ture was cut and marred by falling
glass,
At the sub-treasury building the en-
trance with its steel grill work was
twisted and torn. The stone facing
to the doorway west front OF the
building up TO the height of the sec
ond story was SCARED and Clipped by
flying missiles. At the old sub-treas-
ury structure--closely associated with
revolutionary history-the carved
stone columns In front OF the building
were Clipped and SCARED in many
places.
The greatest of the property loss
however, was to platr glass. For
blocks In every direction the tall Of
flee buildings had every window blown
out. The damage TO glass Is the
greatest since the explosion on Bla ck
Tom island, just prior to the United
States entering the war Several
stores on Wall street also were wreck
cd by the explosion. \ habcrdashery
shop In u half basement adjoining the
uh-trcasury annex was almost strip
ped, windows. show cases and stocks
being swept to the rear Of the room
and piled up I'm an indiscriminatc heap
OF mingled glass, splintcrcd wood and
torn and blaCkened merchandise. Win
dows IN other shops several blocks
from the explosion were also broken.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22
Millerand May
Be President
Successor To DesChanel To Be
Chosen September oath

Paris, Sept. 17.-The general belief
Is that President Deschanel's success
sor will be elected September Gath and
that Premier Millerand will be unable
to resist the call to the presidency
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-09-22

Nome, Sept. 17.-Captain Amund-
sends ship Maud, bound for the North
pole is caught in the ice off Cape
Serge on the siberian coast, according
to word reaching here today. .'.
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-12-11

OF strict Labour discipline. 81 the protection OF
Labor on the Soviet Farms AZ educational work
among the agricultural workers, to give first place
to abolishing illiteracy and to organize Agricul-
tural schools.
The participation of the union in the organ
ization of agriculture took the form chiefly in
organizing the labor Of the workers, the establish
ment of Control and Management, and the direct
participating in management by putting foreward
the best workers i'll the union for responsible
posts in the management
The greatest attention is now given to the or
ganization of model Soviet farms as the union is
convinced that the success of the propaganda in
favor of agriculture on communist principles, de-
pends on the organization of Farms which may
serve as an example to the peasants. To carry
out successfully this task an information depart
ment has been formed which collects all the data
relating to agriculture; this data is applied when
working out agricultural plans, controlling etc. and
also when calculation of the technical forces
(this work is just being organized, in order that
the fullest and best use be made of them. The
local control or production is carried out by the
wol--Ts Committees on the various undertakings,
which elect wage and Standardization of Labor
Committees to standardze labor and wages ac-
cording to the instructions of the Central organs
Of the union; it controls the labor discipline, and
the proper execution of plans and protection of
public property, but the committees do not inter-
fere with tie technical administration of the in
dustry which belongs exclusively to the Manage
ment.
The following figures give characteristic view
of the work of the union in connection with the
organizing Soviet estates:
According to statistics provided by the Commits
sariat of Agriculture, previous to the advance
of Denikin there were SS governments in Central
Russia, 246S Soviet estates with total area
of 1861, 400 desiatins of which 745,536 was
ploughed land and 313,354 was arable The num-
ber of permanent workers were 63, 67f employees.
6941 experts and others who with their families
totaled 107, 820. The number of coast working
horses was 36,72T horned cattle 56,595,
There were 1874 desiatins per man and 1875
Lo,. t.. 49,
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-12-11
PAGE "A

reau Of the section, elected by the conference Of
Land Surveyors was dissolved
The structure of the union is as follows: There
is Central Committee lin Moscow, in the Gov
ernments and districts there are local Depart
ments, aided by Management Committees, on the
Farms there are Committees of workers and en-
poyees
All the organs of the union are elected by a
special Conference, in which all members part
icipate either through delegates (national, gov
ernment, ouyezd) or Conferences, Of general
members ON the Farms
Conferences Of representatives of the union are
summoned, besides the conferences called to de-
eide Economic and administrative questions. Up to
the present time there has been one All-Russian
Conference in the end composed of the rep
resentatives of the management Committees of
the Provincial Departments, and the most i'm
portant Districts Departments In Provinces and
Districts the Conferences of the Committees are
held not less than once month, and General Con-
ferences twice year.
In the Central Committee and in the Manage
ment Committee Of Provincial Departments, these
are the following Departments: The Secretarat
with an organizing Sub-department the Standard
nation of Wages, Protection of Labor and Edu-
eational Departments. The Controlling Depart
ment is not yet organized either in the centre,
or in the Districts
The following Commissions are formed in con-
nection with the Workers Committees wage fix
ing, Educational Commissions.
The Workers Committees have wage, labor pro-
lection, and Educational Sub Committees, al
though the latter exist only on large Soviet
estates which employ large number of workmen
Soviet Farms which are Of recent formation have
common Workers Committee. the workers
Committees in these cases have not been aban-
doned
The Task Of the Union
ot, ~, ~ %bo I'll
The toiler. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1919-1922, 1920-12-11
The Task of the Union.

The chief object of the Landworkers Industrial
Union, has been:
y The organization of agriculture on Commun-
list principles propagating their idea among the
peasants. p the increase Of efficiency by approp
rate means and planned organization, the ,expul-
sion of parasitic elements, and the establishment
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

sections pleaded. but the pleadings were Of
no effect upon the foreign entrants.
Tn COURSE Of time a Hungarian by the
l. name Of Bauer finished with the greatest
distance in the discus event. For your in
formation it was only lis feet, two and
nine tenth inches. The dormant emotions
of the Hungarian attendance was awakened.
Something terrible had reached their ears,
The volume of protests echoed In the Champs
Elysees. Persons housed in dingy places
along the Montmartre were startled from
their ignorance of what was going on kilo-
meters away.
The picturesque scene had become violent
in aspect. Men carrying their silk hats and
waving canes in atmosphere filed with
verbal combat, rushed from the stadium to-
ward the field. Women Joined In the sttack
leading frightened childrep. 1t was . ter
rible mistake on the part of the Parihsn
bandmaster. Probably from force Of habit
he replayed the "Star Spsngled Banner"
even though Bauer was victorious for the
Hungarians. Thus 60 the stories Of former
Olympiads. What Is in store for the atA-
letes OF the world this year?
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

itc productions Of Hellenic art, including the
statue of Zeus by Phidias, that same from
which ne removed and weighed the gold In
order to disprove the accusation that he had
been guilty of speculation in his use Of the
precious metal.
Extreme care was taken to prevent the
entrance of any competitors in the games
which should by lack of character or piety
profane the religious nature of the festival.
The first qualification was that of pure Hell
lenic blood, but no youth who had been
branded by his own state for any disgrace
full offense or was known to have sinned
against divine laws was allowed to compete.
Lack of patriotism was also sufficient to
exclude a competitor. Thus the horses of
Heron, of Syracuse, were excluded at the
instance of Themistocles because he had
failed to take part with his countrymen in
resisting the Persian danger. The festival
was dedicated absolutely to the manhood Of
the race. No woman might cross the river
Alpheus, which bounded the plain on the
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

have dumfounded the worlds oficials had
tney ieaped to distance Of twenty five feet.
Inerefore 1t Is the belief that Croton's long
standing record must have been made in the
form OF the present day hop, skip and jump,
TOT which Dan Ahearn holds record Of fifty
Ieet eleven inches, made at Celtic Park,
New York, In 101I.
Boxing and horse racing were added to
the twenty third olympiad; chariot racing
with four full grown Losses 1t ;hc twsnty-
nitn. Later came the pancratium or wres-
tnns and boxing combined. Subsequent ad-
ditions 70 the program were the foot races
ior men In armor, which was introduced at
the SIXTY NTH Olympiad, and the eompeti-
tion OF heralds and trumpeters, which came
in with the ninety sixth celebration,
Ihe other items which came afterward
were mainly developments Of some Of these,
in which the extension Of q whole series Of
contests for boys was included. Thus there
were chariot races with mules, with mares.
with foals, both pair and four in hand. and
horse races for foals. Most Of the adult
exercises, like boxing and foot racing and the
pentathion, were thrown open to the boys,
and by the 145th Olympiad-that is, in the
year ls0 b. C.-the program included twen-
ty-four events and occupied about five days
time.
The poorest citizen could compete in the
games, and the noblest and the lowest Of
the Hellenic race met side by side and were
held to have honored each other BY their
rivalry. though the equestrian exercises were
undoubtedly confined to those Of the richer
classes. 1t is notable that as years wore on
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

in Antwerp have been lover there" Need
less to say many are sleeping beneath the
soil over which the time honored mara
thon is to be run, from Brussels to Ghent.
What a solemn thought 1t is. UnQues
tionably the games of 1920 will be as re-
igious as recreative.
In speaking Of the ancient marathon
brings to mind an event that has never been
short Of q dramatic or marvellous incident
to all Olympic games. Perhaps the most
marvellous accomplishment in Olympiad his
tory was written around Loues, the shep-
herd boy of the Attican Hills, who without
special training saved the day and honor
Of entire Greece by winning the memorable
marathon of 1895 for his countrymen.
EAMOUS writers tell US that the hopes Of
u Greece winning at least one event were
fading with the light that gradually dis
appeared from that great Athenian sta
dium of marble. Americans were sweeping
VIGOROUSLY through the majority Of the
events, and all had been completed save the
marathon, which long rice began on the
plains from which the name was taken cen
turies before. When the signal gun for the
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

the games were held In Paris. Then in 1904
the .Olympiad was held in st. Louis.
An Olympiad was planned for Rome in
1908, but some unexpected difficulties arose,
causing 1t to 90 to London.
Athens celebrated the tenth anniversary
Of the modern revival Of the games by q
mammoth festival in 1905, two years before
the London classic. The games held in Stock
holm, Sweden, In 1912, are fresh in the
minds Of great many, although the world
Eas suffered doubtless from its greatest
period of strife since then. The Olympics of
1915, it will be remembered, had been
planned for Berlin. We are not dependent
upon historians to give US the cause for
.postponement until the present summer.
TT SEEMS quite befttins that the coming
J. games should be held upon the recon-
stfucted peaceful soil of the Belgiams, who
by COURAGEOUS deeds are able to send out
heralds calling together the flower of man
hood from their allies. Queen Elizabeth and
King Albert are going to present the wild
olive branches with more pride and gratif
cation than ever bestowed by rulers spoken
of In the history of the Olympics. Before the
summer passes scenes Of the most dramatic
touch win be written BY the sportsmen of
the world. We venture to say that 20 per
cent of the American athletes sworn to faith
full training for this great meet to be held
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18

twelve centuries; Its athletic side had grad
ual development. Thus, for thirteen Olym :
piads a short foot race Is the only event
OF which any record can be found. This was
run over course Of 600 Greek feet. the
length Of the stadium. The Greek foot being
only six millimeters short Of the English
-oot, this race may be compared for all
practical uses to our present go yards.
From the next Olympiad, the fourteenth
onward, was added race Of two stadia or
400 yards. With the fifteenth Olympiad
were introduced longer races from six to
.wenty -four stadia. Only at the eighteenth
Olympiad, seventytwo years after the re-
vival of the festival, were general athletics
instituted by the inclusion of wrestling and
the. pentathlon of five exercises, which
doubtless was the origin Of the pentathlon
COMMONLY termed today. 1t included leap
ing, foot race, throwing the discus and the
javelin and wrestling. In that year also
came some sort Of q long jump in which
Croton Is said to have cleared fifty five feet.
Gutterson or Worthington, two of Americas 8
olympic entrants of recent years. would
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18
Such Is Fame

THE secretary of a periodical published
i not far from New York city and noted
for the literary flavor of its editorial pages
once received letter from a subscriber ask
ing for the address of George Meredith, the
novelist. The secretary had a careful ex-
animation made of the long payroll Of the
company, but the search was in vain. A
reply was, therefore, sent to the subscriber
couched in this language:
1--WE are sorry that we are unable to give
you the address of George Meredith, of our
st. Louis Office. Perhaps you can ascertain
Il from him."
The Washington herald., 1920-07-18
Copyright. 1870. By Public Ledger Co.

south, under pain Of being thrown from the
'Typaean rock, though a single exception to
this law was made In favor Of the priestess
Of Demeter, who sat at an altar OF white
marble during the festival. One daring
woman, IL = true, made an exception for
herself, but when her sex was discovered
was pardoned on the ground that her father,
her brothers and her son had all been victors
in the games.
The candidate, having proved that he was
4 freeman Of pure Hellenic blood. was re-
quired also to furnish proof that he had
trained for the contests during ten months,
to swear before the statue Of Zeus that he
would be guilty of no crime In connection
thirty days certain prescribed exercises
under the judges, who enforced the laws Of
the contests, determined the winners, pre-
scented the prizes and presided over the cere-
mony, sitting in purple robes in special seats.
THE competitors, after having their names
L and countries proclaimed by heralds,
took up their places by lot, were exhorted
to acquit themselves nobly and the winner
was crowned on a table Of gold with the
garland of wild olive cut by q boy with :
golden sickle from the sacred grove near the
altar Of Aphrodite. The great gathering.
which lasted some four or five days at the
period Of highest development, was concluded
by q religious ceremony, in which the depu-
ties, representing the various states, made
sacrifices to Zeus.
As might be expected in an institution
which had q continuous existence Of nearly