davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world., 1920-10-02

them. Some years ago the American
Federation of Labor circulated pam.
phlet written by Samuel Gompers, in
which he graphically described the suf-
ferings Of those six courageous men,
who were the first martyrs to trade
unionism.
The six men were employed as farm
laborers in Dorsetshire, England, u
years ago. Three Of them were Wes-
leyan preachers who worked as farm
laborers during week days and preached
the gospel on Sundays. They were
James and George Lovelace and Thomas
Stanfeld. When they made combined
request of their employer for q slight
increase in wages, their wages were
Immediately reduced in the exact
amount of the increase they asked for.
When they made protest against this
by quitting work together they were
thrown into Jail at Tolpuddle where
they were stripped, shorn Of their hair
and eventually sentenced to seven years
Imprisonment. The charge against
them was conspiracy" for joining a
trade society. They were placed aboard
the convict ship "Success' and were
transported to Australia by the British
government.
They suffered agonizing hardships,
but they bore their part bravely. Back
in England while the six men were sail.
ing to Australia the movement they
started was given impetus as the story
of their martyrdom spread by word of
mouth from farm to farm, mine to mine
and shop to shop.
The convict ship "Success'' is still
afoat and last year was exhibited at
several American ports as an educa.
tional object lesson to show the ad.
vancement Of civilization since the days
when the ship was in criminal transport
/ service.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
THE REPUBLICAN CONGRESS.

eff adjournment is taken in June,
the Republican party will have to 60
into the presidential campaign con-
fronted by the necessity Of dodging or
apologizing for the sorriest record ever
made by Congress in recent years. -
Washington Post.
The Washington Post is anti-admin-
istration and is supporting Harding.
"The senate has reached the nadir Of
its popularity. New York Times.
"Congress stands at the lowest ebb
Of constructive ability ever known. -
Searchlight.
"The present Congress has failed US
IN intelligent comprehension of every
great question affecting the lives and
the welfare Of our people. It
has failed with completeness and aban-
don. samuel Gompers.
"That Congress has not only wasted
weeks Of precious time while the world
has waited for such relief as only Amer
ican legislators could afford, and has
displayed degree Of willfulness and
selfshness which has astonished and EN-.
barrassed the nation, seems beyond
question. ''-Christian Science Monitor.
And it is to the majority leaders Of
the senate of this Congress that Hard
ing proposes to turn the presidency
over.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
way TO DEAL WITH Labor
IS TO BARGAIN WITH It

Injunction judges are blind to
human rights. and they offer no hope
Tor solution Of industrial disputes,
says the San Francisco Call and Post.
THE courts. as a rule" says the
editor, can see a right Of property
through q grindstone, whereas a fu-
man right is as fnconspicuous as a fly
,speck on a stove pipe.
THE legal approach to the labor
problem yields not a ray Of hope. AL.
ready invoked by the most reactionary
employer. It is always bitterly re-
sented by the working men. II, the
method is successful it makes radicals
OF those who suffer from it.
employers Will have to learn.
sooner or later. that the only way
to deal with labor Is to bargain with
1t. II power is to continue to be the
final umpire in Industrial disputes.
capital win have to give In when labor
has the most power. =#5 .s.lf s.,
ID The only alternative is democracy.
KhicA. 3sH tAiak ek t<siinx I.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

freedom. Autocracy must relinquish its
hold on industry as it was forced to do
on the church and on governments. It
10 doomed now as it was OF old in its
complete mastery over other institu-
tions.
American labors is not asking for the
absolute rule Of industry, for that would
be but another form Of autocracy. It
wants no dictatorship here on either
side. It merely seeks All equal voice
with the owners Of industry in making
the rules under which it works. That
is the democratic principle in action. It
is not practical or convenient for all
the workers and all the owners of an
industry to meet together and frame
the wage scale, working time schedule
and shop rules, so each side selects rep.
resentatives to act in its place. The
men 50 chosen meet in the parliament
of the workshop, and there they mutu-
ally agree on every issue that may come
before them to be ratified later by the
owners and workers respectively.
To bring about such condition
unions of the workers have been estab-
lished. To maintain it unions will be
necessary. To enjoy its blessings every
worker must share in the responsibility
OF supporting the institution that under
takes to protect his rights and his lib
erty in the workshop. And that is the
Union Shop, morally justifable, legally
permissible, and socially imperative. .
The so-called "open shop'' with all
the pretenses that have been made for
it as an agency to protect the rights Of
the individual, stripped of it's hypocrisy,
is but clever ruse on the par. of the
autocrats of industry to perpetuate their
long-held power, to continue to hold the
worker in subjection, and to deny to
him his individual freedom which the
Union Shop guarantees.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
CONDITIONS SIMILAR
TO THOSE after 1865

a single page in the story Of the
Civil war. the Memoirs of General
Sherman, carries observations by two
eral Sherman himself and Secretary
OF War Stanton, that have strangely
familiar sound now amid the Distress
ing conditions that have followed the
world war here.
General Sherman has arrived with
his story at the opening of the year
1866, and he is dealing with the clos
ing events of the Civil war He is at
Savannah and the secretary Of war is
there, partly on an official visit and
partly for recreation. The policy of
enlisting slaves is under discussion and
the order giving the freed slaves the
right to occupy seized lands is agreed
on.
"He professed to have come from
Washington for rest and recreation,' -
writes General Sherman. land he
spoke unreservedly of the chickering's
and jealousics at the national capital,
of the interminable uuarrels of the
state governors about their quotas and
more particularly OF the very exist
ence of the government itself.
HE said that the price of every
thing had so risen in comparison with
the deprecated money that there was
danger of national bankruptcy, and he
appealed to me. as soldier and pa
triot, to hurry up matters so as to
bring the war to a close.
II was quite impatient to get off,
myself, for city life had become dull
and tame. and we were all anxious to
get into the pine woods again. free
from the opportunities OF southern
women asking for protection, and of
civilians from the north who were
coming to Savannah for cotton and all
sorts of profit"
High prices, weariness Of the war
conditions, eagerness on all sides for
the return of peace, swarms of people
at Washington-official and private
citizens, with axes to grind, and spec
ulators from the north pushing right
down to the hostile lines in prom otfns
their profiteering enterprises. But we
came through it.-Columbus Dispatch.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

them use that tool grader on us--
what chance has small potato got
against thing like that?'
In vain the farmer pleaded With
them. He etold them that everything
was graded in this world, even he,
himself. and that he did not make
the law.
Il gave you your chance to grow"
said the farmer. Il even gave spe.
cial attention to the little runts with
the least chance-in fact, I even per-
suaded the buyer to let me mix some
of you undergrown fellows with the
big ones. But let me tell you one
thing-you've got to grow if you want
to sell for anything. and your grow
ing isn't going to depend on what
give you, but what you take. And
another thing-don't grow to leaves.
but to roots, like a decent potato
| ought"
The big potatoes sold we'll. They
got so big, in fact. that they were
graded without going through the
| machine. But the little fellows-it's
a sad tale. They blamed their trou-
! bles on the farmer and started a. new
organization known as the Radical
Order of Small Potatoes.
It's purpose was to destroy any po-
! tato grader on sight. But being run
by little potatoes, it never had suffi-
cient strength to harm anything or
anybody and it finally went smash.
1t lacked big. potatoes to handle 1t
and big potatoes were not worrying
about grading machines-they were
too busy growing.
Today you will see happy. plump
potatoes with their many eyes twink
ling in satisfaction. bound for the
grader, which they do not fear. They
have absorbed every advantage offered
and are ready for the test. And in
the distant fields a sharp ear can de-
tect the whine of the little fellows
who are growing leaves instead OF
roots or too lazy to grow at all.
Moral: Small potatoes can grow to
be big ones if they organize and grow.
Every workingman and woman IN
America can be Big Potatoes in their
chosen fields. if they will work to-
gether in Unionism, which affords
them the opportunity to organize and
; grow.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
HITTING AT EDUCATION.

In special bulletin recently issued
by L. G. Harris, president Of the local
Citizens alliance, mention. was made
Of the fact that down in Minneapolis
the "open shoppers" had found it nee.
essary to discourage building because
certain contractors were still clingin2
to the Union shop.
The campaign against organized labo,
and building construction in Minneap.
oils, not only affects the workers and
the prosperity of the city, but it has
already hit at education. No schools
are being built. The present buildings
are overcrowded. Churches and halls
are being utilized. One third of the
children can attend school but half the
time.
The education Of the children of the
poor is being neglected, while the chill.
dren of the well-to-do are placed aboard
suburban trains out Of Minneapolis, and
get off at the various stations along
the route to attend rural schools.
That is a fine situation to be in
thanks to the "ope1 shop" movement
in Minneapolis, the leaders of which
know no bounds of decency in thei,
zeal to crush the spirit Of the workers.
Will Duluth endorse such a programl
We know the people Of this city too
well to believe they will encourage the
Citizens alliance to conduct 4 sec.
ondary boycott against those employers
who recognize the Union shop Of labor
that will result in the impairment Of
our splendid school system.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
where IRON IS There
IS REAL FkTHERlkNO

Where Iron Is There Is the Father
land" book by Clarence T. STREET Of
England, sets forth what would be to
was aired in France year ago and
concealed by the censorship from
America. 1t has to do with the way
interlocking directorates and owner
ship of the steel industry in Germany
and France interfered with the prose-
cution of the war on both sides. The
De Wendell family is the prominent
figure. Francois de Wendell. pfesi
dent of the French steel trust, was
member of the French parliament;
Charles de Wendell. his brother, whose
mines on the German side Of the Lor-
raine frontier connected with the
French mines, was naturalized Ger
man and a member Of the reichstag.
All the iron and steel purchased from
France in England was obtained
through Humbert de Wendell and his
brother-in-law was appointed to check
him up. The De Wendell family like
wise distributed the metal obtained to
the various concerns which needed it
in France. The French government
TelerreQ 10 FRANCOIS de Wendel, the
parliament member. all, charges Of
protiteering in steel for investigation
and report!
There were gentlemen's agreements
by which French airplanes spared
German smelters and the Germans in
turn spared the coal mines Of the
French. The French general staff Off
Ger responsible for the protection Of:
the trust property under the German
flag was an employe Of the trust. Thus
we understand why the Lorraine sec
tor. as it was called. was quiet
throughout the war until the Ameri
cans reached the front. The greater
part of our men we're taken to this
sector for training because it was
quiet, and the American army struck
the first blow against the German
Smelters.
| . Mr.. STREET concludes his book with
the remark that the first article in the
covenant of the true society Of ma
tions would be ''coal and iron can no
more in any country remain private
property"
The labor world., 1920-10-02
THE SIX-CENTS FARE,

The Labor World has had very little
to say about the six-cent ordinance to
be voted ON at next Mondays special
election. We have had lot to say
about the three-mill tax amendment and
we have based our ar gument in behalf
Of the proposition largely on the
grounds that the additional taxes to
be derived from the increased rate were
needed to permit the city commission-
ers to pay higher wages to city EN-.
ployes.
Now would we not be placed in an
inconsistent position if We opposed the
six-cent street railway ordinance when
it is assured that considerable amount
of the additional revenue to the com
pany from the increased fare will be
used to pay increases in wages to street
railway employees.
We haven't felt concerned about the
Duluth Street Railway company as q
union labor paper because Of the atti.
tude of its officers towards organized
labor. They have not only opposed
trade unionism among their employees,
but they have discharged employees who
were known to be members Of a labor
organization.
In this number Of The Labor World
the Duluth Street Railway company
has an advertisement in which it re.
produces the conclusions and recommen-
dations Of the Federal Electric Rail.
ways commission appointed by Presi.
dent Wilson. Among such is Conclu-
sion No. XII, which has reference to
collective bargaining and the forma.
tion of labor unions among street rail-
way employees. We will not reprint that
conclusion in this editorial, but we beg
leave to commend it to our readers and
to the officers Of the company. It i,
the matured judgment Of street railway
experts, arrived at from long and costly
experience.
If the Duluth Street Railway will
but come out Of the fog: and get right
with union labor as it should have
done long ago-it is not too late now
it would have union labor backing in:
stead Of being Indifferent to the pas.
sage of the six-cent fare ordinance now
as it is supporting the three-mill tax
amendment for the benefit Of the city
and its employees
If the six-cents fare ordinance is
defeated next Tuesday charge it up ia
the unwise anti-union policy Of the
company.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
some EP|TAPHS

Lies sleeping here. one Johnny
Lake;
He heard the Bell. but had no
brake.
At so miles drove Oscar Pi1d;
He thought he wouldn't Skid but
did.
At 30 miles drove Eddy Shawn;
The motor stopped but Ed kept on.
Beneath this sod sleeps Walter
Whissen;
He did not stop to look or listen.
A lively chap was Biffer Redd;
He hit a train; somehow, he's dead.
A dry old boy was William Hall:
So carve his stone: wood alcohol
A Walker lies here quite forlorn;
The chauffeur didn't toot his horn
The labor world., 1920-10-02
THE FIRST MARTYRS.

In the issue Of The Labor World
under date Of September 1s, we printed
an editorial under the title Of ttThe Six
Men OF Dorset" in which we pointed
out the fact that martyrdom ever con.
tributes to tho advancement Of 4 right
eous cause.
The reference to the six men of Dor
set has aroused considerable interest
among our readers. We are in receipt
OF letters requesting as to tell more
about them and to state whether or not
any books have beea written about
The labor world., 1920-10-02
hrs, MCCORMICK FELL
down ON MESABA RANGE

Republican women or HlDDlng
opened their campaign on Tuesday
night with Mrs. Ruth Hanna Medill
Mccormick as the principal speaker,
and while Mrs. Mac is a highly-edu-
Gated, refined, cultured and exclusive
lady, as BELTS the daughter Of the late
Mark Hanna, even her most, enthusias-
tic supporters do not claim that she
is a whirlwind as campaigner. or
anything approaching a whirlwind.
The speech was a rehash of the un-
founded charges made against the
Wilson administration by the Repub-
lican old guard and the capitalistic
newspapers under the control of that
element Of the party Of great moral
ideas, and the whole did not create a
very favorable impression with Hib-
bing voters, who. it appears. are much
better informed upon national and po-
litical questions than Mrs. Mac seems
to be.
We admire the Republican women
of Hibbing who have so enthusiastical-
ly taken up with the right to enter
the political arena and assist in the
activities therein. and who are show
ing so much spirit in doing what they
deem proper to further the forum es
of the political division Of their choice,
but we cannot get away from the
belief that they made a serious mis-
take in having Mrs. Mccormick come
here to attempt to discuss the political
issues Of the day-that the Repub-
1ican managers made a mistake in
sending her or any Of her kind out on
general speaking tours. At a drawing
room meeting of wealthy Republican
ladies she might do very we'll. how
ever.
Mrs. Mccormick was accompanied
by her Swedish maid and the adver-
tising given her is not such as to
inspire confidence in the breast of the
common people. She is the daughter
of Mark Hanna. which, Of course, she
is not to blame for, but it does not
help the Republican cause to adver-
tise the fact. She is the wife of
Medill Mccormick. junior United
States senator from Illinois. and one
OF the most pronounced enemies OF
the common people on earth-a veri-
table despot. He controls the Chi
cago Tribune. which is an anarchistic
newspaper without an equal in the
nation. Such people cannot success
fully carry the message of the rich to
the poor. They cannot teach the COM
mon folk anything. because they know
too much already.
Mrs Mccormick concluded her ad-
dress with this touching appeal:
Warren G. Harding is a typical
| American-he is just one of us. and.
my friends, you can take pride in
+ helping us carry to victory the Re-
publican banner in this campaign of
1890" That's right-Candidate Hard
ing is one Of ''us.'' just the same as
| Mckinley was one Of 'us." But Mark
Hanna had to raise and blow in sew
enteen million dollars to make Hc-
Kinley popular" candidate.
The more speakers of the McCor-
mick class that are sent out by the
Republican managers the greater will
be the majorities accorded the Demo-
cratic candidates in November.-The
Hibbing News.
The labor world., 1920-10-02
THE SENATB'a WAY.

Only within the senate itself has
government by, Of and for the senate
ever found favor. The senate has al.
ways been regarded a. tho bulwark in
our government of the great vested
interests rather than Of the popular
will. Individual senaeors have been pa-
4 triots and great popular leaders, but
The labor world., 1920-10-02
KELLOGG BooMs LARSON.

Senator Frank B. Kellogg has started
his political campaign for reelection
two years hence. The little "trust
buster' and former counsel of the Steel
Trust whose life he saved in the Stand
ard Oil case was in Duluth last week,
\ guest at the home Of A. NJ. Marshall
Of the MarshaQ-Weus company and one
of the chief spirits in the Citizens
alliance which has opened war on or
ganized labor in this vicinity.
The junior Minnesota senator gave
an interview to the morning paper in
which he lauded Oscar J. Larson, Re-
publican candidate for congress from
this district and appealed to the people
to elect him, stating that men of his
type were sorely needed in congress.
|'He will make his influence felt at the
first session. declared Mr.. Kellogg.
1t is fine thing for Mr.. Larson to
have the support Of such men as Mr..
Kellogg. 1t indicates that he is we'll
thought of by the most shining light
in the Republican party of this state,
and his services as a party man are as
much needed by the party at Washing
ton as by the nation. We arc pleased
to know that Duluth man has been
marked for such recognition.
But has it occurred to any voter in
this district that there are no repre-
sentatives Of Big Business coming to
Duluth to urge the election of our labor
congressman, William. L.. Carsss Sen
ator Kellogg made no reference to the
public record of Mr.. Carss who in one
session has become known to a num-
ber of constituencies outside of his own
and who voted with the people and
against the special interests on every
measure that came before congress in
the last session.
Senator Kellogg, an owner of con-
siderable railroad stock and securities,
voted for the Esch Cummins act, bill
proposed by the railroads which legal
ICES eight billion dollars of watered
stock, and guarantees to them an annual
dividend on their total capitalization
OF five and one-half per cent, to be
paid out Of the general treasury of
the government should they fail to earn
sufficient money to pay that much to
their stockholders.
Congressman Carss voted against the
Esch- Cummins. bill, against the special
interests that pressed its passage and
| for the people. No wonder Senate,
Kellogg is interested in the defeat OF
such a congressman. But while Sen
ator Kellogg fooled the people when he
gained "victory" over the STANDARD
Oil company by leading the supreme
court to amend the Sherman antitrust
law to draw a line between ordinary
restraint Of trade and "undue' re-
straint OF trade to save the Steel Trust
Tor which he was counsel, we do not
believe he can fool them in the selec
tion Of a congressman from this district
The Eighth district knows Carss ani
its people, if we mistake not, will return
him to Congress without respect to hi
party LABEL They are not going to bt
further misled by blind partisanship
They will vote for Carss, the people,
man, because they believe in him, and
because Of: his splendid record.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

While we are discussing. national and
state issues let US not forget the can:
'didates for the legislature. Labor has
some mighty good men running in each
Of the three districts. We need them
in the legislature to vote for the state
insurance and other important labor
bills
The labor world., 1920-10-02

How times have changed. Samuel
Gompers rode in IN airplane from Wash
ington to Rochester tho other day to
address q labor meeting. When the
A. F. Of L. was an infant its chief
organizer, the late P. J. Mcclure, rode
in a box car from Chicago to st. Louis
to organize q carpenters' union.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

Besides employing more than "a. 900
men in the shipbuilding industry, Can
ada gives employment to approximate
ly $4,000 more in the manufacture of
marine equipment and supplies.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

The big business interests Of Duluth
are attempting to kill OF Congressman
Carss by studied campaign Of silence.
They possess not the grace to give him
even faint praise for his efforts in 10.
eating = government asro Tying deld
here, j ]. !. I. u. !.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

Several Paterson IN. J.) silk manu-
facturers have decided to sell their
goods direct to the public and many
have already opened up stores for
that purpose.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

The tax rate for city purposes in
Minneapolis has been fixed for next year
at 1858 mills. If the tax amendment
is adopted here by the voters next Mon.
day the tax rate for city purposes will
not exceed 20.s mills, and for the
schools about 81 mills.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

A Lincoln club has been organized in
Duluth to promote the campaign of
Harding and Coolidge. Oh, immortal
Abraham, would thou recognize thyself
if thou were in the game today7
The labor world., 1920-10-02

In many localities throughout the
united States manufacturers arc shut
ting down their plants to readjust
wages.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

English silk mills have ceased to
work overtime because of a great de-
crease in the English demard for silk
en- wear.
The labor world., 1920-10-02

This is one week in the national po-
litical campaign when Senator Harding
is being missed on his own front porch.