The New York herald., 1920-01-04

OF protoplasm. then takes vegetable life,
then becomes an animal with organs more and
more specialized until fully developed at birth.
The struggle OF our ancestors for existence
throughout untold ages Is epitomized in be
sennng All organisms. according to Haeckel.
mails and metazoa. or many celled. the former
always remaining unchanged and the latter,
species These views were expanded in his
studies on the Gastraco Theory" published
iu,ermittcntly-from 1873 TO 1854
virchow the famous German pathologist, op-
posed the teaching Of evolutionary theories in
the schools the ground that they we're not
yet proved, to which Haeckel replied in an able
work Freedom and Science in Teachins,'
published in 1877. confuting the views of his
opponents. They were certainly rather mar
row for il nothing is to be taught in school
except what is capable of absolute proof there
would be little left Of the curriculum Of studies
and promptings to invention and progressive
adaptation OF discoveries would remain uncui-
uvated.
U'ndisturbed by attacks. faeckel continued
his researches well as his speculative pub
hcations. being for years almost alone in Ger
many in defence Of Darwinsm. In lS9i he pub
hshed Die Systematische PhyloGenie." IN
which he endeavored TO trace the relations OF
species. He drew up genealogical family
tree in which he attempted to show tho origin
a, well the relationship OF the various
ders and in an elaborate paper read in iSeS be-
fore the International geological Congress at
Cambridge he traced the descent OF man from
simple one-celed organisms in series u
tventy-six stages to his present structure.
Then in 1899 he brought out his best known
work. Die Weitratsel." or "The Riddle Of the
Universe. in which he further developed his
doctrine that there is no essential difference -
tween the inorganic and the organic world. In
it he advanced his carbon theory. in which he
contended that the chemical properties OF car
bon in it's albumenoid compounds were the
cause Of movement and of the origin OF living
protoplasm through spontaneous generation.
Then followed the division Of cells and the pro-
cession of life from simpler forms to the mos
complex and the development Of mind
with him psychology was branch OF phys
ioogy. Hence he denied the immortality OF
tho soul and free Will Nl Our acts he cou-
sidered the result of mechanical forces. II is
astonishing how such good observer of the
magnificent order of nature ana her adapta-
ton Of means to ends could have ascribed the
origin Of things TO blind spontaneous genera
ton and could be lcd T. dea, The existence OF
purpose in the universe
Borrowing an ancient title he termed his be-
lief IN the essenti, ritv all things
Monsm. but Il vas 8 ver> poor kind OF
monism. nothing more nor less than rank ma
erialism. There was iu his teachings none Of
the poetica pantheism of the East which made
all things emsnation~ OF the Deity. 20 whom
they returned. or Of the mysticism Of Plotinus
They lacked the dealism Of Hegel with whom
all things were forms Of thought, aud they
approach Spinozas doctrine Of one infinite
substance of which all finite beings are modes
But Schopenhauer with his pess,mistic views
Of life and his fatahsm is iiaeckers closest
counterpart. and his conception of the universe
as tho result OF the evolution Of blind force