davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
Horse Show to
 Be Reviewed at
 London June 10
By Associatsd Press

London, May 21.-After a lapse of six years the international horse show will be revived at Olympia here. beginning June 16. Many new features have been added to the varied and lengthy pro- gramme and prizes amounting in the az gregate to $5O,O00 will be awarded, In past years this annual function under royal patronage proved to be of absorb ing interest to horse lovers all over the world and this years exhibition glVes promise of being even more attractive to foreign owners of high class thorough breds and show horses.
 His Majesty King George V IS agalh patron and the list of directors includeS the Earl of Lonsdale, chairman; SIT Gill; bert Greenall. bart, c. V. O.; Sir James Buchanan bart; Messrs. Arthur E. Evans, O. B. E.; Walter Lloyd, Walter Winans and R. G. Heaton, managing d. rector Judge Moore with Messrs. E. T, Stotesbury, Clarence H. Mackay and Lawrence Jones represent America, can ada being represented by Col Sir Adam Beck, MT. George w. Beardmore and Sir Montague Allan, c. V. o. MT Frank F. Euren, as before, is secretary to the show.
 In all there are 1o1 classes. One novelty will be a marathon drive for horses in single harness which will run over a course of twelve miles flnlsh- ing in the arena at Olympia.
 Another interesting event will be the military ride open to all British and foreign military officers on the active list. designed to bring out the essential requisites of troop horse or charger namely steadness balance and stamina, handiness and above all, unconditional obedience The ride commences at Al- dershot where the competitors assemble in undress uniform on the Aldersho} steeplechase course. Here circuit Will be made in the course of which all the jumps about ten, have to be negotiated. At intervals of two minutes the horses will leave, by squads, for Olympia where they will ride into the ring, at pace or twelve to fifteen miles per hour. there to take all the obstacles. fences, posts and rails as they did at the commence ment of the competition. The prizes will be awarded in the arena
 In the handy horse competitions the horses will have to jump a bush fence and then some rails after which the riders will dismount. pick up a polo ball and carry it to a basket some twenty five yards away each rider leading his horse from ball to basket. He then re- mounts, opens and closes a gate. jumps over a gate into lane and out again over gate and so to a finish.
 Other novelties include prizes for the best trade turnout in which costers ponies. costers donkeys light trade sin gle turnouts, vanners and trade pairs will compete. For the latter event Messrs. Alfred and George Vanderbilt (sons of the late A. c. Vanderbilt, di- rector of the show, who was lost on the Lusitania) are offering a special cup.
 The King Edward VII international challenge cup for teams of three officers of any nationi having been won outright by Russia in 1914, the Prince of Wales is replacing it by a similar cup to be ridden for on the same conditions as before.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
"COLOR LINE" IS
 ENTIRELY WIPED
 OUT BY A. F. OF l..
(Continued from Page OneD

that the ca'or line is abolished"
 Other resolutions adopted by the convention provided for the formation of an international policemen's union as soon as membership of local unions reaches 5000; sending of representa- tives to Colorado, Utah and Wyoming to aid the state federation in organiza tion work; sending of assistance to the Detroit. Mich. central body for the purpose of organizing all non-union workers in that city; an organization campaign among office workers and the granting of charter to the Inter national Union Of Office Workers as soon as membership totals 10000, and urged all affiliated international unions to send organizers out to union- ize the laundry workers of the country.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
The Atom to Save Us

Alfred J. Lotka in Harper's Magazine
 The coal fields of the British Isles are approaching exhaustion Is the energy of the atom going to be their salvation? :? The atom is like a great treasure-house that has been securely locked and the key thrown away. If science succeeds in finding the key, there may be ushered in a new era which will put all echieve- nents of today, great as they are. in the shade.
 Where does this stupendous energy of the atom come from? The general ten- dency of things that are wound up is to run down; they do not rewind them selves. How is it that in all the ages that have passed the atoms have not all run down as the radium atom is slowly running down today? And how did the atom get wound up in the first place? Another generation of physicists. per- haps. will have something to tell the world about this.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11

This year form 1aborers in many states demand from $So to $100 per month and board
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
LOSES TO
 ALEXANDER CITY IN
 HARD-FOUGHT GAME

Alexander City, Ala, June 10,-tSpe- cial )--In the openingi game of the season here this afternoon, Alexander City de- feated Ashland 8 to 0. It was one of the prettiest games ever witnessed on the local diamond. Nation, pitching for the locals had everything his way from the start Williams. the idol of the To- cal fans, was in superb form behind the bat and besides scoring the three runs for the locals stole four bases.
 Score: RH F. Alexander City .,............ 6 1 ASnldIu V T
 Batteries-Nation and Williams; Pittard and Wesley Umpire Pearson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
Japan Finds New Curative

From Letters or Japanese Hatr1ot, In
 Asia. |.
 The Japanese live on rice. Dema- gog ical professors of universities and scientists in the employ of the gov ernment are daily calling attention to the fact that, in view of the present high cost of rice, the people don't have to eat it; that potatoes will do ano are cheaper anyway; that there are plenty of other edible things, and that people eat too much anyhow. :.
 Very recently, the minister of com munication issued an appeal in which he said: "Rce is not necessary to maintain health. It IS high time that the people limited the consumption of rice through self-control."
 Goes this wise and honorable min- ister. Mir. U. Noda, know that the pro- posed practice of self-control on the part of the starving populace will mean suicide? The Japanese from time immemorial have lived on rice It is impossible for trem to stop eat ng it suddenly. Moreover, rice is, after all the cheapest and only staple food which is produced in quantities sufficient to feed the entire Japanese population. Therefore. it is criminal fo- Japanese statesman to tell the Japanese people not to eat rice.
 The present Hara cabinet came into power as the direct result of the rice riots of August, 1918, which swept the length of the country like wildfire Since then the ministry has been promising the people to curb the prof iteers, to regulate the price of rice, to promote the production and to fa- cilitate its distribution. But today the food profiteers are tariving as never before. Yet the government has done almost nothing but promise the people the coming of better day! The small r~e dealers are closing their stores because they cannot buy stock to sell.
 
 This year form 1aborers in many
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
Delaney and Hanlon Matched

Denver Colo. June 1o.--Cal Delaney of Cleveland and Jimmy Hanlon of Denver. ightweights. were matched here today to fight twelve rounds in Denver June 21, according to an an- nouncement by Promoter Jack Kan nar.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1920-06-11
ETHEL MAE BARKER
 FEATURE AT LOEW'S

Classic selections interspersed with iazz is what Miss Ethel Mae Barker, the delightful little violinest, is offering at Ioew's Bijou for the last half of the week.
 Miss Barker has been named the
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

OK she, as the case may be-most
often sidewalks out 30 Q calabash
tree and cuts down the gourds, which
grow to enormous size Dried and
cut in two these calabashes are the
bowls and dishes of the average
Haytian household.
Of beds in Hayti there are few.
A straw mat on the dirt floor of the
tiny caille does the trick. A blanket
is almost unheard Of.
At Grand Goave and again at
Petit Goave, villages of the Haytian
peninsula, I found relics of the days
when the French were masters here
and had converted the peninsula
into a wonder garden spot, provid-
ing staples, exported in volume to
Europe. a cannon at the latter
village, lying probably where it bad
fallen from its long disappeared
mounting, showed the markings OF
the Creusot works.
The slaves Of Hayti titled the
fields in those days under the white
mans guidance. Left to their own
devices, eventually, they have let
nature take It's own sweet course.
Even the most primitive agricultu'
raj implements are unknown 70 the
rural Haytian Of the south.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

sexes, are notorious for carrying
everything on their heads, which
they balance with marvellous expert
ness. The casket of the departed
Is hoisted aloft to poise on the era
NUNS Of two and sometimes three
pallbearers. The latter, with free
hands, twirl around and around un-
til the onlooker fears for the corpse.
American stage jugglers have never
done anything so expert.
Behind the corpse come the
mourners, sometimes few, sometimes
many, wailing and moaning. And
they juggle and wall and moan un-
til the burying ground is reached.
whether the distance is one mile or
ten. The entire performance, saw
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

most entirely wiped out tho human
sacrifice, the open assemblies and
dances.
at is rare that any evidence Of
these affairs can be detected unless
you happen to run upon them sud-
denly in the country. There isn't a
native in Hayti to-day who will
talk to a white man about voodoo-
ism. But signs Of the voodoo are
everywhere. Perhaps when the
younger generation here are up
lifted and taught to think better
they will forget their blood instincts,
but it will take generations to
do it,"
Colonel Hill, who represents the
high class of Americas understand
ing Of her Marine Corps, knows,
perhaps, the low caste Haytians as
we'll as any American knows them.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
Will be no difficulty here, and Hav+,
will bloom under American ruid-
arce."

1t asks not for cultivation but hanv,
there to tempt the ambitious one n
pluck it before it falls to reprc,
duce its kind.
The markets Of the world ara d.
manding first grade long staple cnt.
ton, yet It mods at you gracefully
from its wild parent tree here unit,
you wonder what is the answer.
Clumps Of stately coconut palms
climbing straight up from so to GO
feet before they burst out Ike
Fourth of July fireworks in feather
like green showers of leaves. are
often noticed sheltering the MANGO
trees beneath them. The mango tree
though more luxuriant, resembles
the peach and its fruit is a delicious
oblong handful too delicate for shin
ment north in commercial quantity.
The story is told Of the bi-annual
mango season in Hayti when the
rural negro awakes to eat when the
fruit falls and strikes his BODY
Nature wakes him to feed him, and
then he eats, lolls back and sieens
the untroubled slumber Of the tropics.
Economic conditions. labor unions
housing shortage, the high cost Of
living, the laws Of supply and de-
mand do not worry him.
Buying an orange at a Park Row
fruitstand is usually high finance.
Shake an orange tree in rural Hayti
and the sensation is reminiscent Of
the late disturbances in certain por
tions of France. II you are a good
bargainer you may buy them in any
village market at ten for a cent.
Fences of Mahogany
The average New Yorker pays
immense prices for furniture COW
cred with the thinnest veneer Of ma
hogany. In Hayn you are privileged
to sit on rough fences hewn from
mahogany logs and look into the
boughs Of mahogany trees growing
wild and unattached. Lignum vita.
one Of the most precious Of woods, is
q common find in many districts.
The rural Haytian does not worry
about his supply of table ware. He
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

Zone week following the evacua-
ton Of Hayti by American military
forces there would be a revolution
and rapid return to the conditions
which caused foreigners to land
here. The work of the Americans
here would be nullified completely.
The Haytian mass would rapidly re-
vert. 1t is not capable Of its own
uplift, and very much doubt
whether we who know the ways Of
the world have the power to uplift
our proletariat.
1--WE in the great minority have
pride, however, and we want your
American cooperation. There is a
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

Of magic, whose ability to do the un-
usual stamps them as superior.
Once it is told that native woman
became Houngan because it was
reported she was in a remote part
OF the country one day and appeared
at distant city the following dav.
Her fame spread among the super
stltlous natives until she became one
Of the best known priestesses in the
land. At the present moment she is
said to have far more power over
the average lower caste Haytian
than Hayti's political chief execu-
tive.
The chief assistant to the Houn-
gan is called d'Hornicon, and follow
ing down the line are any numbers
of acolyte sub-priests called the
Honci Gauzeaux. The order extends
down to the Honci, the single care
taker of the temple.
Marines, under orders, were COM
PEELED to destroy these temples
wherever found. The silencing of
the tomtoms made it difficult task
to find them. Occasionally to this
day they discover them cleverly hid
den in the denser foliage of the
most remote districts.
Encloses Sacred Tree
The voodoo temple has a univer-
sal name which is neither French nor
English. To the native his temple is
the Hunfort. These are Of similar
construction, usually sitting within a.
compound, which also incloses the
sacred tree. This tree is Of the
herb-bearing variety. from whose
leaves or berries sacred potions are
brewed. The temple itself is a sew
eral room affair, supporting outside
broad veranda, where the voodoo
dances are staged after the sacri-
tlce. A few American marines
perhaps less than five in five years
who have been fortunate enough
to watch these dances from places
OF concealment tell of unclothed
blacks in violent gyrations for hours
until they fall of exhaustion. They
tell also Of orgies, famed into flame
by tafia-native rum-which cannot
be recorded.
Inside the temples were generally
found three rooms, known singly as
the congo room, the rada room and
the marissa. To those who have
studied the Haytian voodoo as best
they could the marissa appears to
have been the room of sacrifice.
Why so named is mystery. So far
as known, no American has ever
been in the confidence of a voodoo
priest or has been allowed to witness
genuine ceremony from beginning
to end. No American has ever wit
messed any part Of genuine voodoo
exercise when the participants knew
about 1T. American marines. how
ever, have found the temple walls
marked with crude signs and stone
stabbed tables Of sacrifice in each.
Aboiishing Human Sacrifice
1T will take generations to purge
the lower class Haytian of his voo-
400 beliefs" said Colonel Walter
hiii, marine officer, who has had
much experience in the Haytian
bush and studied as much as posi-
Die OF voodooism. at Is not exar-
geratlon to say that at this moment
30 per cent of Hayti's blacks are
voodooists at heart, though aware
That tho most Objectionable featurea
Of their religion arc q thing of the
past or prohibited 30 long as white
naen remain ip Hsyt1 We hsvs al
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

voking for all those who partici-
pated truer aim against the whites.
Despite the suppression of their
religion, it is difficult to find the
native who has any great rancor
against the white invaders. Now
more remote from the influence of
voodoo leaders, they are content to
go the way of the white man if he
will but lead.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
Coffee Grows Wild

When you drink your steaming cup
of breakfast coffee you may be fairly
certain that 1t did not come from
Hayti. But if you were to make the
most casual visit to the 5000 square
mile peninsula Of southern Hayti
you might wonder why your Mocha
Is Mocha or your Java Is Java, or
why you spend so cents or there
abouts for the beverage bean Of the
less distant Andes. Coffee grows
wild in gayest abandon alonr the
roadsides and trailsidss Of Hayti.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

full nature. Hayti's greatest asset
is said to be her cheap labor. 1t
might be appended that this little
republics greatest fortune could be
campaign of agricultural educa-
ton through which the rural Hav-
tian might be tutored in the art Of
taking full advantage Of possibly the
richest soil and most luxuriant foli-
age to be found in the world
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
Secret Calls TO Worship

Finally, when voodoo priests dis
covered that the great drums, made
of palm tree trunks and goatskins,
sometimes five feet high, drew other
than true worshipers, they aban-
doned the ancient call method and
summoned their assemblies by the
grapevine system. Marine orders
then went forward to destroy the
temples.
The natives call their high priests
of voodooism the Houngans. These
Houngans are sorcerers, or makers
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

masses and, more important, labor
not interfered with by political revo-
lutions which have marked Haytian
history since the freedom from slav-
cry nearly a century and a quarter
ago.
"But what will happen If the
whites withdraw and leave the Hay
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
Island Is at Peace

Barbaric practices have been re-
pressed, as much as possible, the
country Is at peace, and there re-
mains but one thing to start the
haytian native on his upward
course. It Is the industry which
the white man can bring to this it,
tie republic. It means work for the
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

Of years held their bands together
against the whites by the propa-
ganda that Americans were sup
pressing the Haytian religion. The
bodies Of at least two marines cap
tured by the cacos were found later
with vital organs removed, possibly
by the high priests Of voodooism in
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
7 ESS than foe gears ago
~ the aUeird roll of voodoo
toa1tonas called from miles
around the superstitioa1s
focks

He speaks their "Creele" and knows
their intricate psychology. He has
stumbled only once onto the human
sacrifice, but more often has sur
prised and broken up voodoo orgies
when the mob fled and carried most
Of its discriminating evidence along.
Convicted of Voodooism
A trial which would have been
the sensation Of continents was held
not many months ago in Port-au-
Prince. The defendant was a DOW
erful black man named Belgarde,
who admitted much and was with
out doubt guilty Of several Of the
seventeen human sacrifice charges
against him as "voodoo Houngan."
High marine officers who conducted
the trial learned more revolving de-
tails Of human sacrifice here than
they had ever known before. The
entire record of testimony Is now
In the hands Of the Navy Depart
ment in Washington, where proper
sentence for the Houngan must be
approved. Belgarde is to-day max
ing furniture in the Port-au-Princc
penltentiary, awaiting his fate. The
Aztec priests in their blood-stained
sacrifice chambers in the days of
Cortez In Mexico were mild men as
compared with Belgrade, if the rec
crds of his case are true.
The Voodoo Sign
Any marine who has been long
in Hayti, either in the towns or in
the bush, can point out tho almost
universal signs Of voodooism. Ebony
skinned women who come in droves
to trade in the market places are
seen wearing tho voodoo necklaces
to which are attached tiny cloth bags
containing charms blessed by the
Houngans. Often the smallest,
blacklist, naked pickaninny wears
only this necklace and the attached
charms placed there by his mother
to ward off the evil spirits of
measles, mumps or smallpox.
The sign Of the serpent in flight
is a favorite. What it signifies none
knows. Bits of rag tied around
ankles or wrists are supposed by the
wearer to have particular functions.
The remnants Of a chicken hung on
pole by the roadside give the
hanger as much luck as our own
American negro derives from the
lett hind leg of a rabbit killed in a
graveyard at midnight. A gourd
placed in tho road before the gate
CT native caille keeps evil spirits
from entering. Evil spirits work in
straight lines, and to pass the gate
the spirit must turn around tho
Rourd and lose his power. A lighted
candle, II first blessed BY the Houn-
gan, Is sure destroyer Of evil.
A native funeral often embrace.
voodoo ritss. Haytian ns*svss. both
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

Of 2,000,000-odd on Hayti's 10000
square miles, it has not been so
much the religion but the task of
subduing barbaric sorcery which
United States marines found here
five years ago.
Probably the greatest work of our
military folk in Hayti has been the
complete pacification of the coun-
try. There Is no doubt that regret
table though isolated instances of
immature judgment have occurred.
but there is complete peace in Hay
ii to-day for the first time in scores
OF years. The second most impor-
tant work here has been the repres-
sion Of the voodoo.
A Souvenir of Africa
Less than five years ago the weird
roll of voodoo tomtoms resounding
at night in the hills and valleys of
the bush called from miles around
the superstitious blacks, whose in
stincts, born Of AT can tr;besmen,
led them to the assembly. The
scene was usually roughly built
temple where the chief priest, or
medicine man or woman, officiated
with meaningless incantations, and
eventually the lifeblood of q human
usually child--was drawn as
sacrifice to the spirits supposed to
guide the destinies of these trans
planted Africans. The most un-
printable orgies are recorded.
The voodoo assembly with it's can
nibalistic orgies and dances is al
most thing Of the past in this lit
tie Caribbean republic.
In Cuba and Porto Rico we found
people more or less religious and
controlled by the Church to an ex-
tent that white-man administration.
IN rural communities, at least, was
materially aided by friendly CO.
operation with the country priest.
The Philippines offered a semi-sav-
agery with which force was the first
requisite. followed by a diplomatic
process Of winning over.
Savage Tribal Customs
But in Hayti Americans found
the weirdest and most difficult prob
lem Of ala something which traced
from savage tribal customs of per
haps a dozen breeds of African
blacks made moro virile by gener~
atlons OF ignorant cropping in land
where precedent became nothing
oot instinct, an instinct always fun
damentally savage.
The Wanyiki tribe in Africa prac-
1ices rites which could be detected in
the negro voodoo festivals of Havti
The Wakambas are here in the;r
transplanted brothers. Other tribes
nave contributed customs which have
been combined by fifty generations
IN Hayti into wild melange Of sp-
perstitious practices under the lead
ership Of the medicine man. the chief
ST1est or priestess, the voodoo doctor
'rf1e marines began work against
voodoolsm in Hayti by the seizure Of
tne great Grums-tomtoms-
winch the voodoo doctors called their
congregations. Young Americans in
the bush were drawn 10 these drums
as were the blacks, but for an en-
nreiy different purpose. Crawling
cautiously through the underbrush
they would finally locate tho templs
and send thoss assembled scurrvinv
int tho bnsh By firing a few shots
In the air. The drum was their on1v
object and oncs Ia their hands wan
~s wan
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26
By Wilbur Forrest

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Hoyt!. Dec. I.
~ ELIGION always plays its
part in problems of admin
Ia Va istration, and in no land
where Americans have gone
to administer has such a unique
problem OF belief presented itself
as in Hayti.
Among the great mass Of litter
ate blacks, crowded to the number
New-York tribune., 1920-12-26

tan republic and the Haytian mass
to follow absolute self-determina-
tlon?" l asked a highly educated
Haytian here several days ago.
His answer WAS this.