Idaho County free press. [volume] (Grangeville, Idaho Territory) 1886-current, 1920-10-21
6ootrine. for securing the maintenance

Doctrine, lot SScuiiHS VIZ
of peace.
= ARTICLE 22.-To those colonies an
territories which as a consequence O
the late war have ceased to be unde
the sovereignty of the states whlc
formerly governed them and which ar
inhabitede by peoples not yet able
stand by themselves under the strenu
Gus conditions of the modern world
there should be applied the prinelpl'
that the well-being and development
of such peoples form a sacred trust o.
civiIization and that securities for this
performance Of this trust should ot
embodied in this covenant
The best method of giving pracucal
effect to this principle is that the tute-
lage of such people should be intrusted
TO advanced nations who by reason OF
| their resources, their experience or
their geographical position can best
undertake this responsibility, ana VINO
are willing to accept ii, and that this
tutelage should be exercised by them
as mandataries on behalf of the league.
The character of the mandate must
/ differ according to the stage of devel-
opment of the people, the geographical
situation of the territory, its economic
conditions and other similar circum-
stances.
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached a stage of development where
their existence as Independent nations
can be Professionally recognized subject
to the rendering of administrative adj
vice and assistance by a mandatory I'M
til such time as they are able to stand
alone. The wishes of these c0mmuni-
ties must be a principal consideration
in the selection of the mandatory.
Other peoples, especially those Of
central Africa, are at such a stage that
the mandatory must be responsible for
the administration of the territory I'M
der conditions which will guarantee
freedom of conscience and religion,
subject only to the maintenance Of pub
lie order and morals, the prohibition of
abuses such as the slave trade. the |
arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and |
the prevention of the establishment of |
fortihcations or military and naval |
bases and of military training of the
natives for other than police purposes
and the defense of territory, and will
also secure equal opportunities for the
rade and commerce of other members I
IF the league.
There are territories, such as South
vest Africa and certain of the South
Pacific islands, which, owing to the
of their population or their
mall size, or their remoteness from
he centers Of civilization, or their geo.
.raphical contiguity to the territory
the mandatory, and other circum-
tances, can be best administered under
he laws of the mandatory as integral
ortions of its territory, subject to the
afeguards above mentioned in the in
srests of the indigenous population.
In every case of mandate the man
atary shall render to the council an
nnual report in reference to the ter
tory committed to it's charge.
The degree of authority, control, or
to be exercised by the
andatary shall, if not previously
ague, he explicitly defined in each !
.se by the council.
A permanent commission shall be :
instituted to receive and examine the :
lnual reports of the mandataries and >
advise the council on all matters re-
ting to the observance of the man
ties. u
ARTICLE 23.-Subject to and in ac- n
rdance with the provisions of inter- il
tional conventions existing or here Il
ter to be agreed upon, the members d
the league: CT
(a) will endeavor to secure and cl
maintain fair and humane pi
conditions of labor for men, in
women, and children, both in
their own countries and in IL
all countries to which their CT
commercial and Industrial G.
relations extend, and for that ii
purpose will establish and
maintain the necessary in he
ternational organizations de
OBJ undertake to secure Just treat to
ment of the native inhab- 81
itants of territories under tir
control: 80
(c) will intrust the league with the fe,
general supervision over the all
execution of agreements with no
regard to the traffic in wom-
en- and children and the traf- 81
fic in opium and other dan -.
gerOus drugs; VI
td) Will intrust the league with the
general supervision of the VI
trade in arms and ammuni- rel
ton with the countries in ga
which the control of this COL
traffic is necessary in the VI
common interest; con
(e) Will make provision to secure ahe
and maintain freedom of gus
communications and of tran sna
sit and equitable treatment .Ies
for the commerce of all sue
members of the league. In erh
this connection the special non
necessities of the regions A
devastated during the war of in I
1914-191S shall be borne in tam
mind; erty
y will endeavor to take steps in NEE
matters of international con- vor
Germ for the prevention and men
control Of disease. GER
TICLE 24.-There shall be placed 00'i'
the direction OF the league all
national bureaus already estab-
by general treaties if the parties
CHI treaties consent. All such in AL
uonal bureaus and all commits in f
for the regulation of matters of and
lational interest hereafter constf- cern.
shall be placed under the direc- raiIv
If the league. whit
VI matters Oh international inter- treat
'hlch are regulated by general 9th
ntlons but which are not placed rang,
the control of international bu- Shan
or commissions, the secretariat All
league SHALL subject to the con- Tsina
II the council and if desired h., bro1