davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
GOmperS' Statement
NOTHING NEW IN REMEDY FOR
INDUSTRIAL UNREST
Compulsory Features to Maintain Re-
latiOns Between Workers and
Employers Must be Avoid
ed in the Future

Washington = President Gompers
has issued the following statement on
the preliminary statement OF the
presidents industrial conference:
"I have read the tentative report
Of the industrial commission and eX-
cept for its opening declaration find
nothing new and little of interest.
"In the opening statement the re-
port sets forth: "The right relation
ship between employer and employe
in large industries can be promoted
by the deliberative organization Of
that relationship But the report
fails to give definite recognition to
the application of this truth. Both
employers and employees must be or
ganized in order to become respon-
sible parties to any system of media
tion or Observation-Disclosures the ar
bitration tribunal must deal with in
dividuals instead Of organized groups.
The principle of representation de-
pendS upon organization.
"The failure of the conference to
recognize definitely the organizations
of workers-trade unions-as the
basis for representation is fatal
omission. Certainly the conference
should reconsider this point in order
to make possible the confidence and
cooperation Of wage earners which
can be expressed only through or
CARNATIONS of their own making.
"Any plan to establish or maintain
anything like fair relations between
workers and employers must avoid
compulsory features. The mass of
Americas workers are American citi-
zens and in that sovereign citizenship
they are free men. Any proposal for
compulsory labor is repugnant to
American sovereignty and citizen
ship.
"In order to promote constructive
and permanent changes that will eli
inmate causes of much industrial un-
rest the conference should consider
governmental agencies to provide the
necessary ininformation and assist
ance in securing continuous better
ment of working conditions. That
problem must ultimately be worked
out by employers and employees, but
the government should advise and
assist.
at should always be borne in mind
that our social fabric is based on
mutually and voluntary institutions
at is something not yet fully un-
derstood how perfectly safe freedom
is"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
The Tyranny of the Majority
Editorial in the N. Y. World)

More than eighty years ago the
most profound of all students of
American institutions, Alexis de
Tocqueville, wrote this warning:
"If ever the free institutions of
America are destroyed that event
may be attributed to the omnipotence
0 fthe majority which may at some
future time urge the minority to des-
peration and oblige them to have re-
course to physical force. Anarchy
will then be the result but it will have
been brought about by despotism."
And further:
"When | refuse to obey an unjust
law | do not contest the right of the
majority to command, but | simply
appeal from the sovereignty of the
people to the sovereignty Of mankind.
Some have not feared to assert that
a people can never overstep the
boundaries of justice and reason in
those affairs which are peculiarly its
own; and that, consequently, full
power may be given to the majority
byWhich they are represented. But
this is the language of the slave.
GA majority taken collectively, is
only an individual whose opinions and
whose interests are op-
posed to those of another individual
who is styled minority. If itbe ad-
mitted that a man possessing abso-
lutte power may misuse that power
by wronging his adversaries, why
should not majority be liable to the
same reproach? Men do not change
their characters by uniting with each
other, nor does their patience in the
presence of obstacles increase with
their strength"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
100000 Babies Die
Low Wages is Cause

Washington-In his annual report
Secretary of Labor Wilson includes
the oft-repeated statement by the
childrens bureau, an affiliate of his
department, that low wages is re-
sponsible for the deaths of babies.
1t is stated that over 100000 babies
less than l year old die annually and
that these infant deaths are controll-
able almost without exception.
Poverty is a constant condition
of the highest infant mortality rates
and the rates steadily improve as in
come increases to good living
standard" says the report.
"More than 10000 mothers die
yearly from causes incident to child
bearing, and i'll health is suffered by
a vast number of others from the
same cause. These deaths and dis
abilities are known to be needless; !;
among women who can command ade-
quate care their proportions are
greatly reduced.
"In the interest of humanity and of
sound national economy adequate
care for maternity and infancy
should be universally available. The
lessening rates of infant mortality in
the United States for the last years
are encouraging. They indicate the
effect Of many scattered public and
volunteer activities for infant welfare,
but the reduction is far too slow. New
Zealand still shows much lower rate
than our best states, and the United
States is eighth from the head of the
list of countries judged by the favor
able character of their infant mortal
ity rates.
"The best available world figures
for maternal mortality show that
the United States is fourteenth down
the list; that is, the life of the mother
is safer in 13 other countries than in
the United States"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

These words are worth recalling at
time when the popular tendency
toward repression is stronger than it
has ever been before in the United
States. Having destroyed personal
liberty by means of Prohibition, we
are now engaged in destroying the
Bill of Rights.
There is no freedom of speech or
Of the press left except by consent of
the government. Police authority
everywhere is denying to small mi
norities whose doctrines are unpopu-
lar the right Of free speech. The
Post Office Department, under author
ity of Congress, proscribes news
papers whose political and economic
policies are regarded as obnoxious by
the Postmaster General. A police de-
partment that recognizes the right of
assemblage in the case of minorities
tainted with radicalism is held to be
not only incompetent but deficient in
patriotism. The New York police on
Christmas Day attempted to maintain
the weird and wonderful theory that
whiel the right of petition might be
tolerated on Sixth Avenue, it is fla
grantly illegal on Fifth Avenue.
Plainly, the American people are
getting away from first principles.
They are forgetting their traditions
and losing sight of their ancient land
marks. All the radical agitators in
the country can never do half so
much harm to democratic institutions
as an infamed public sentiment is
doing when it sustains the attacks
that various agencies of government
are making against the guarantees
of the Bill of Rights and of individual
freedom.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Eight Hours Enough
LONGER TIME INJURIES AND
DECREASES OUTPUT
COntended Workers Only to be Sc
cured by Paying Good Wages in
Order That Actual Necessities
May Be Procured

New York-What is known as "con-
tented" workers can only be secured
by paying good wages in order that
they may be we'll fed; they must not
work too long at a time and the
monotony of their toll must be re-
lieved by all available means, says
the Medical Journal in an editorial
On Health and Work"
1t is stated that scientific investiga-
tions of war workers in Great Britain
showed that women and youths, gen.
orally speaking, were incapable of
sustained effort for a period longer
than eight hours day at the most,
while for the majority of women and
girls and youths AZ hours week
were found to be sufficient. For the
average male adult worker as hours
week were concluded to represent
the time required for a satisfactory
output combined with good quality
OF work.
"At one time it was essential in
Great Britain that munitions should
be made with the utmost rapidity.
Men, youths, women and girls were
requisitioned for the purpose and
were urged to labor long hours.
"At first the results were satisfac-
tory, but soon it was found that the
output was deficient in quality and
not especially satisfactory so far as
quality was concerned. Investigations
we're then set afoot to determine as
nearly as possible the length of time
that individuals can work without
reaching the point of fatigue, when Of
course the quality of the work de-
teriorates and the health of the work
er suffers.
''In the early days of the war, when
the emergency was great, men, wom-
en- and children too, were very un-
wisely kept at their tasks, not for 48
hours week, but for so, 70 and even
more hours week. Moreover, the
work was frequently of very monot-
onous or very exhausting nature. 1t
became obvious to the government
officials that there is a point beyond
which it is an economic as we'll as
physical mistake to push the delicate
ly adjusted complex of nerves, mus
cles and bones controlled by the mind
known as the human machine"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

anteed the private owners theI, usual
dividends. And yet they are not salts
fed. They want the railroads back
again for further exploitation and
plunder.
eve protest Now that the pc ,ple
have been called upon to put so mich
into the railroads, we insist that th'y
should be owned by the people. The
time and conditions are ripe for pub
lie ownership. If you believe in these
things, speak up; act now. Let your
thought and your will be known in
Washington"
A statement from the Public Own
ership League of America accompa-
MES the petition, and points out that
demand for retention of the rail
roads by the Government already has
been made by organized labor, farm
ers and numerous civic and con.mer-
cial bodies. The statement says:
''lf the Government retains the rail
roads under public control for two to
five years longer, as proposed ty the
minority Of the Senate committee, ny
the Farmers National Council, the
American Federation of Labor, and
originally by Director-G General of RJil-
roads McAdoo, and later by his sue
cessor, Director Hines, and if, as
urged by this petition and the Public
Ownership League of America, the
Government shall meanwhile proceed
to establish the permanent plbl, own
ership Of the railroads, we may by
this means secure a reduction of
transportation charges and thereby a
reduction in the cost of living, to the
infinite relief of the nation in every
way.
"We, therefore, urge upon your
honorable body most earnest con-
sideration, to the end that the per-
manent public ownership of railways
may be accomplished at the earliest
possible date"
The statement is signed by C. D.
Thompson, of Chicago, secretary of
the Public Ownership League.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Union Activity Urged

Pittsburg-In urging greater soli-
darity and activity among the mem
bers of the Amalgamated Association
OF Iron, Steel and Tin Workers, Presi-
dent Tighe made this statement in
the last issue of the Amalgamated
Journal:
"We have seen the attitude of the
corporate powers backed by the fnan-
cial and commercial interests in op-
position to the principle of collective
bargaining, the right to bargain for
our labor power. We have seen the
powers of government assisted by
judicial exercises curtailing the rights
of men to cease work, we see at
tempts made by proposed legislative
enactments to take away from organ
lied labor the only effectual means
by which they can obtain redress for
wrong imposed on them.
"All these things are living issues
before our eyes, and unless we dem
onstrate by our activity and genuine
earnestness our determination to pre-
serve not only for ourselves but for
those who come after us those in
alienable rights of American free
men we will not have measured up to
that standard of true manhood that
is expected in the ranks of organized
labor"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Workers Not SIaCkerS

Harrisburg, Pa.-Backing his state
ment with statistics before a meeting
of educators, Arthur E. Holder, of
Washington, challeged "the loose
charges now too glibly made that the
American working people are idlers
and slackers." The speaker is a men,
Der of the federal board for vocational
education, the International Associa-
tion of Machinists, and former legis-
lative representative of the A. F.
of L.
The unionist showed that with 5
per cent of the worlds population,
this country in 1913 produced % per
cent of the worlds woolens, 25 per
cent of linens, 25 per cent of cotton
cloth, 45 per cent of paper, 25 per
cent of glass, Sc per cent of shoes
and so per cent of steel products.
In 1850 the workers in this coun-
try produced values equal to $1,O64
per capita and in 1910 produced $3,-
10 per capita, or an increase of 1913
per cent in 60 years.
Claims that Americas present in
dustrial dicontent portends i'll for the
country were denied by the speaker.
Unrest" he said, "is nothing to be
alarmed about, but is rather sign
of approaching prosperity"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Printers Gain

Tacoma, Wash. - An arbitration
beard has raised wages of newspaper
printers $1.621a a day for day work.
The scale is now $8.621a for day work
of seven hours; night work, $94S for
seven hours.
Erie, Pa.-The Typographical union
has raised wages 81 a week, The
new rates are: $37 a week for day
work and $40 for night work.
Mt. Vernon, N. Y.-Through nego-
tiations the Typographical unicn has
roised wages $14 week. A ore-year
contract has been signed.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Carpenters Raise Wages

St. Louis, Mo.-Through an ogrec-
ment with the Master Builders asso-
citation the carpenters in this city
have established the following rates
Journeymen carpenters, 81 an hour,
foremen, $1.121a an hour; men work
ing on towers commencing from a
height of so feet above the ground,
$110. A graduated rate, according
to length of service, will be paid ap-
prentices.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
WHAT AMERICA PRODUCES

With only six per cent of the
worlds population and only seven per
cent of the land, the United States
produces:
twenty-five per cent of the worlds
wheat.
Forty per cent of the worlds iron
and steel.
Forty per cent of the worlds lead
Forty per cent of the worlds silver.
Fifty-two per cent of the world S
coal.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
New Compensation Rule

Olympia, Wash. - Reversing its
stand taken during the past three
years, the state industrial insurance
commission has ruled that henceforth
workmen having claims under the
workmen's compensation act will be
paid in full even if employers in par
ticular cases have also recompensed
them for injuries in accidents. The
commission ruled previously that
when employees had been compen-
stated by their employers, the COM
mission was not required to take fur
ther action.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

Forty per cent of the worlds ziac.
Sixty per cent of the worlds alumni
mum.
Sixty per cent of the worlds copper
Sixty per cent of the worlds cotton
SiXty-siX per cent of the worlds oil
Seventy-fve per cent of the worlds
corn.
Eighty-five per cent of the worlds
automobiles.
We also refine eighty per cent of
the copper and operate forty per cent
Of the railroads.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Bank EMPLOYEES Unite

Toronto, Can.-At a mass meeting
of over 500 bank accountants, tellers,
ledger keepers, clerks, stenographers,
and messengers it was voted to or
ganize and affiliate with the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor. The meet
ing was held in the labor temple and
was addressed by local trade unionists
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

Labor unions are all right but they
ask for more money for their mem
bers, shorter hours, better sanitary
conditions, ETC., and that is what we
don't like. They're never satisfied
and they are always wanting some
thing. They should be satisfied with
what we think they should have and
nothing more. They have no right
to ask US business men for better
conditions. How often we have heard
this.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

The union label is a constant re-
minder of the common interest and
common duty of all trade unionists
in and toward each other, and a cer-
tain guide in the discharge of that
duty,
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Garment Workers Gain

Chicago-Ladies' Garment Workers
union No. 104 signed a union shop
agreement with the Harry Blum
plant, and these employees have re-
turned to work. Their wage rate is
now 81 an hour for a 44-hour week.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
COlOred Workers Unite

Chattanooga, Tenn. - Colored en-
ployes of flour and cereal mills in
this city have organized. They are
with the United Brewery, Flour, Ger
cal and Soft Drink Workers, unit
of the A. F. of L.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
To Enforce Labor Law

New York-The state industrial
commission has ordered hotel man.
ayers, superintendents of apartment
buildings and office buildings to allow
their elevator employees to have one
day off in seven.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Two Platoon for Firemen

Richmond, Va.-Progress is made
in the four-years' fight by organized
labor for the firemen's two-platoon
system. The director of public safety
now favors it and his recommendation
will be passed upon by the city council
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

If you haven't any brains and don't
know it, you'll advertise the fact by
arguing on subject you know moth
ing about, but if you haven't any
brains and know you haven't, y,u
may get reputation for having them
by keeping still.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
Retail Clerks Gain

Dubuque, Iowa-Merchants in this
city have signed an agreement with
the Retail Clerks union which calls
for improved working conditions.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
WAGE INCREASES
Gains in Wages Made by Organized
Labor Throughout the Nation
Want 44-HOur Week

Chicago-Leather workers are ask
ing the Travellers Goods Employers
association to establish the 44-hour
week and raise wages $5 a week.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09

The union label is the best medium
of advertising as it is costless to the
employer and the union pays for it.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-09
LABOR'S PROGRESS
advances Made and Better Conditions
Secured All Over the Country

Wire Men Want More
Cleveland, Oho-Higher wages are
demanded by Electrical Workers
union No. 38.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

L. to buy the best. Get in
81 Wm. N. Clark, agent at
!, G. G. Conn Band instru-
|-AdY.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31
Personal and Social
People Who Come and Go
and Their Social Doings

Mr.. Mason Bailey, of Philadelphia.
was a weekend visitor to his father
Mr. Thomas E. Bailey. Mr.. and Mrs.
Harry B. Clark, of Kenton, have also
been with Mr.. Bailey and are keepinp
house for him part of the time while
Mrs. Clifton is visiting in New York
! Mr.. F. w. Lovett with an auto par
ty, visited Smyrna Sunday and was
greeted by a number of his old friends
here. Mr.. Lovett was the contractor
who built the tarvia sections on Com
merce street and the north end of
Main street.
Mr.. and Mrs. Davis H. Bell (nee
Miss Mary Ann Stats of Townsend)
arrived home from their wedding trip
Friday evening. Mrs. Gertrude En-
ders of Philadelphia, was a weekend
visitor.
Mrs. Rebecca FAIRIES who has been
spending the winter with her children
part of the time at Hartford, Conn,
and part at Narberth and Rutledge,
Pa, is expected home to open her
house on South street.
Mrs. George Foreaker, of Chester,
Pa, returne d home today after
spending last week with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel Short. Miss
Ruth Short returned with her for a
weeks visit.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bond, of Wilmington,
were Sunday visitors of Mr.. and Mrs.
Warner w. Price at their new home
the A. g. Cummins property on north
Main street.
Capt. and Mrs. w. F. P. Jacobs who
have been spending the winter at
Tampa, Florida, are expected homo
this week to open their home on
South street.
Mrs. Anna Birmingham, of Delmar,
is visiting her sister, Mrs. Leonard
Harper, one of the popular teachers
of the Smyrna Special School District
Mr.. and Mrs. Roland B. Carr, of
Wilmington, motored to Smyrna Sun
day and spent the day with Mrs. w.
H. Carr.
Mrs. Katherine Shakespeare and
children, of Oxford, Md, have been
guests the past week of her mother,
Mrs. w. H. Stayton.
Mrs. Edward Mckenzie, of Will
mington, is being entertained by Mrs.
Sarah NJ. Farrell and Mrs. Alice Read
Mrs. Bertha Bailey Clifton left
Thursday for visit to Mr.. and Mrs.
Frank Bailey at Eoboken, N. j.
Miss Margaret Hance, of Philadel-
phia, is being entertained by Mr.. and
Mrs. w. o. Hoffecker.
Miss Laura Bell, of Wilmington,
was home over Sunday guest of Mr..
and Mrs. L. Irving Handy.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

u;ro Fence-the best
'..Js-see US for prices. The
.,,+ Hardware StOre.-adv.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

fuckers Store Makes Fine Addition
John w. Tucker who recently pur-
chased the Winford store and added
it to his own, is now putting on the
finishing touches, ready for his for
NAL opening on Saturday. The store
has the largest front of any store in
Smyrna.-See adv.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

!! afternoon an automobile be-
manageable at the corner of
man street and Governors
Dover, and ran into the mail
iEont Of the c. B. Hopes
10 tried to climb a telephone
lhe only damage done was the
part Of the windshield.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

81 nylng near Milford have
aa(es to be sent to all fox
n o1'' that from this date
er. M au1t foxes to kill them, OF
] M l0' be allowed to cross their
!. ~'a dogs They say it is nc
y alen to raise chickens fol
h. 70 eat and to have hunter
4 s,i sa their farms, doing muclr
n Vie foxes are not killed as
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

sanding committee of the Dio-
Laston will meet in Easton
4 ~ for the purpose of elect
'.sessor to the late Bishop
ioiOes Adams. Rev. Henry
rector Of Christ Church, Eas-
Tlng prominently mentioned
asOr.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

iourned meeting of the Wom-
Hdg Missionary Society of
! H. E. Church will be held at
re Of Mrs. Joseph Smithers
~, Thursday afternoon at
Slok-Sec.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

In PleasantOn has taken the
iof the Hudson, Essex and
b line of cars and opened a
BON in at the old Barwick liv-
IL on Main street.-See adv.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

ladies Aid of Salem M. P.
will hold an oyster supper at
niers on Thursday night,
E8tOry the following night.
Smyrna times., 1920-03-31

Isth HesletOn, of Dover, en-
a the furniture store of J. E.
HE'D there yesterday morning,
Il illness of one week, death be-
| 10 peftOnitis.