davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23

are not Poles. The great difficulty
with this apparent liberality, diff
Guilty which the Bolshevist commits
sIons foresaw. was that the concession
would be a future source OF strife
and contention between Poland and
her Baltic neighbors.
The Bolshevist commissions were not
back at Moscow before the contro-
versy between the Poles and the Lith-
uanians broke out. 1t is und0ubt-
eddy true that the occupation Of Wilma
has no official recognition from the
Polish Government and that the force
Of occupation is an outlaw army,
but the fact remains that the Lithu-
anians are not in possession Of their
capital. Poland condemns the occupa-
ton, but at the same time she dis
claims responsibility and declares that
If she is compelled to put Lithuanla
into. possession Of Wilma by force 1t
will bring on other conflicts and up
risings in the Polish army and i'm
peril the reconstruction Of the coun-
try. This apparently means that un-
less the League Of Nations, the allied
countries or some other Power than
Poland drives away the outlaw army
ZELLGoUsKI will continue his hold on
wilma as D'ANSuNzIo has kept his
upon Fiume.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
Too Much for Reed to stand.

Senator REED Of Missouri has done
the only thing that man of his con-
victions and courage could do. He
has read himself out of every section
Of the Democratic party that Is allied
with the nternationaNsm Of President
WILSON.
REED makes the matter Of his con-
science clear. He was not elected for
the purpose Of supporting or following
a President. He was elected to be
Senator In Congress. The man
who demands that Congress shall obey
the Executive, consciously or uncon-
sciously stands for despotism."
Senator REED Is right when he says
that, before the Covenant was under
stood, the American people favored
the League Of Nations. And he does
not exaggerate great deal when he
says that now. when the Covenant is
understood, only one American in a
thousand wants the League as Mr..
WILSON presented it to this country
for blind approval.
Whatever JIM REEDS political fu-
ture may be, he will be remembered
as a brave man who told the truth
when and. where it was not always
agreeable.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
Cutting Wages Voluntarily to Save
the Jobs.

Judge GARY, chairman Of the board
Of the United States Steel Corpora
ton, declared yesterday that steel
prices, like everything else, must be
reduced. The compulslon in the mat
ter was described when he said "a
general public will in one way or
another bring a fair and reasonable
basis, Of adjustment"
On the same day as Judge GARY
made his statement regarding steel
the news columns were telling Of an
other readjustment in New England
textile mills. Months ago the textile
mills found they could not sell their
product at prevailing prices. Raw cot
ton went down and. the manufacturers
cut the prices Of their goods; but they
were still too high to SELL Cotton
went lower yet, and some of the mills
cut the price of their goods again ;
but still they were too high. Now Fall
River textile workers have Informed
the mill managers that they will take
decrease of wages TO avert shut.
down of the plants because they know
wage scale isn't worth a hill Of
beans unless a Job goes with it.
But while their immediate purpose
is to keep something coming into
their pay envelopes, instead Of a
threatened nothing. those sensible tex
tile mill workers are leading the pro-
cession on the right road to make
their reduced pay count in better dol
lars. They are setting out to bring
down the cost of living from war
levels Mt which the public no longer
Will buy, no longer can buy. When
other workers follow, with wages
going down generally as raw ma
terlals 60 down generally, and the
cost of living is thus pulled down, the
adjusted wages will buy more and
better food at the adjusted prices.
more and better clothes, more and
better everything.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
Wilma Another Fiume.

Following the armistlce agreement
at Riga between the Poles and Boil
sheviki situation has developed at
Wilma analogous to that at Fiume.
wilma is the most important town in
the territory claimed by the Lithua-
mans and 1t was chosen by them as
their capital. BY the treaty between
Lithuania and Poland Wilma was con-
coded to belong to Lithuania. No
sooner, however, was the armlstice at
Riga signed than Poles, under the
Polish commander, General ZELLGou-
SKI, marched into and occupied Wilma
and have ever since refused to evac-
uate Ii.
The occupation of wilma and the
circumstances leading up to 1t have
not been made entirely clear. The ex-
PLANTATION offered by the commander
OF the Polish northern army for the
resignation of General ZELLGoUsKt is
to the effect that he was forced 10
resign his command on that front
because his troops demanded that they
be allowed to capture wilma ito give
the population the right OF self-de-
termination" When the matter was
first called to the attention OF the PO-
llsh Government by n note signed by
France and Great Britain the reply
from Warsaw was an expression of
surprise that they SHOULD consider
It their duty 70 enforce possession Of
wilma by the Lithuanians"
This answer proving unsatisfactory
a reply was made by the Polish For
eign Minister which was reported yes
terday In the cable messages from
Warsaw. In this reply the Polish
Minister declared that the occupation
Of wilma was nm act Of insubordina-
ton on the part OF General IELL-
GoUsKr; that Poland not only con-
dennis the act but declines all re-
sponsbility for II. He insists that
Poland has not broken the armistice
with Llthuanla which she concluded
with the aid OF France and England,
and that she Is determined TO carry
out all It's provisions and to respect
all It's clauses. But she promises
ifothIng more.
Poland by tire terms OF thc arms.
tice had her eastern border line
pushed about $50 miles east of the
so-called Curzon line. which repre-
sented the eastern boundary that the
allied conferences had practically
agreed upon demanding. This added
to the territory of cthnographic Po.
land approximately 10000 square
miles Of territory and population
Of 100000 people, many Of whom
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23

The incident of Mrs. JOHN s.
CRosBy's expulsion from the Women's
Democratic Club Is interesting, but
not surprising. 1t was inevitable that
women, coming into the franchise,
should go through the throes of
adjustment.
There are undoubtedly many women
in one party who will find that they
belong In the other. Mrs. CROSBY. n
Democrat, discovered that she could
not stand Tammanyism, or Coxlsm,
or the silly war on WADswoRTH. She
had the courage to discard what she
did not believe In, even at the price
of being put out of the club she
founded. At almost the same hour /,
Democratic Senator, REED, was bolt
Ing the Democratic national ticket.
Mrs. CROSBY will not feel alone. This
is a year of Democratic boiling.
OF course there was Il "scene" at the
expulsion. But the women voters need
not worry about that. The session
was no more temperamental than the
memorable meeting at the National
Democratic Club when the attempt
was made TO expel CHARLES +.
MURPHY.
Politics, as the women are beginning
to learn, is an exciting business It's
followers become passionately and
often blindly attached to parties, is
sues and individuals. If such devo-
ton did not exist the parties would
die. Politics often breaks friendships
and causes family, rows. But 1t is a
divertlng avocatlon for men and
women. It overshadows the servant
problem and the shopping habit.
You cannot have an omelet with
out broken eggs or earnest politics
without bitter words.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
GEN. BIDDLE, 43 YEARS
IN ARMY, WILL RETIRE
Commanded u. S. Troops in
England in World War.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 22.-Retirement Of
Brig. Gen. John Biddle. who commanded
the American troops In England during
the world war, at his own request on
December was announced to-dsy at
the War Department. On that date
Gen. Biddle will have completed forty
three years OF active service and be
eligible for retirement
Brig.-Gen. Biddlc. who Is a native Of
Detroit. WAS graduated from West
Point In 1881 and served during the
Spanish-American war as Lieutenant
Colonel in the Engineer Corps.
Az the time of the entrance or the
United states into the world war Gen.
Biddle was Superintendent of the Mill
tary Academy. He was assigned to COM
mand n regiment of engineers organized
for special service In France and soon
afterward was made Brigadier-G General
OF the Regular Army and later commits
stoned n Major General In tho National
Army
A period Of service In France was fol-
lowed by his return TO the United states
ana his appointment ms assistant chief
OF star. During the interim between the
departure OF Major-Gcn. Bliss TO Europe
as the American Representative on the
supreme military council and the return
from France OF Gen. March. Gen. Biddle
acted az chief OF staff.
Gen. Biddie. after winding up the af-
fairs of the American forces In Eng
land. was assigned TO Camp, Travis,
Texas. and is now In command or Camp
Custer. Michigan.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
In Article X. Is the Essence Of Sem.
tor Spencer's Charge.

70 THE NEW YORK HERALD Why
does President Wilson take such trouble
20 split hairs and pour the walls of his
fluent wrath upon Senator Spencer's
head? In the face of his beloved heart
Of the Covenant" 1t seems an absurd
bubble, to put II mildly. to deny having
promised that the United States would
go to the aid of Rumania
What is Article X. but this very prom
Use on an enlarged scale? If we accept
1t 1t will mean that we shall be pledged
TO go to the aid OF the whole world,
whether the trouble concerns US or not,
and surely the world includes Rumana.
Why has President Wilson ignored in
this controversy this magnificent gesture
tf his. this Article X, which so gener-
ously pledges without authority that
America shall become a national Meddle-
some Matte and that the lives of our
rnen shall be at the beck and call of any
or ell nations? Why should President
Wilson be so stiff and proud about Arti-
Gle X. and so angry about Senator Spen-
GERS well backed up statement? The
difference is like the famous difference
'twixt tweedledum and tweedledee.
Opposition to President Wilson's
League of Nations does not mean that
America is trying TO shirk her duty to
the world but simply that she refuses
to>sigr blank trouble check. President
Wilson forgets that the straight thinking
part OF the people saw two and a half
years before he did that the great war
was n question which vitality concerned
America. America can always be
trusted to do her full share of the world
work, but she must be her own arbiter.
No matter what promises President
Wilson personally made at the Peace
Conference. no matter what agreements
end understandings he had personally,
no mntter how firmly he thought Amer
lea was held by his Article ". he could
not alone, unauthci lied, pledge America
20 anything. for this Government is "for
tie people and by the people," and Con-
gress and the Constitution are powers
not easily overthrow.
Lucy ABBOT THRooP.
CAMBRIDGE, Mass, October 90
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
WILMA MASSACRE DENIED.
Lithuania's Representative Replies to
Mr.. Paderewski.

To THE NEW York HERALD: In your
paper of October 10 your Paris CORE
spondent quotes Mr.. Paderewsld as ex-
cusing the seizure Of wilma by the out
law Polish General Zellgouski because.
says Mr.. Padercwski. "advices / have
Just received show that during the oc-
cupation by the Lithuanians OF wilma
1900 mothers, wives and children of
Z"llgouski's men were slaughtered"
Although the charge is inherently abb
surd and is obviously made in an at
tempt to justify the Polish Government
for shielding Zellgouski. yet the shock
Ing nature Of the accusation against
Llthuania and the fact that Mr.. Pad
erewski has allowed it to go out under
his name compel us to answer II.
The Lithuanian Government assumed
control in Wilma at noon Of August &c.
The Jewish element. which Is in a con-
siderable majority In Wilma, received
he Lithuanian authorities with open re-
soiclng and the Polish element--about
80 per cent.--made no demonstrations
OF opposition. The occupation took place
in quiet and orderly manner.
Inc lsltnudnldnA continued III COntrOt
Tor about six weeks. Wilma having been
captured by Zellgouski on the night of
October Q. During this period not a
single execution by the Lithuanian Gov
eminent, nor any murder by Lithua-
Man soldiers. has been reported by s.e
newspaper correspondents. Red Cross
and other relief officials or the diplo-
matte officers OF the Allied Powers, who
were in Wilma at the time.
During the time of Bolshevlk occu-
potion a number OF arrests and execu-
lions took place The Lithuanian Gov
eminent Is not responsible for these.
Lnc In fact II protested vigorously
against them. A commission Of Inves-
tigation was appointed which. at the
drte OF our last advices. September 20.
mad reported twenty-six executions. II
vas believed there were several more,
but the facts had not been ascertained.
This IL the source Of the rumor. which
has increased the number to hundreds.
then thousands, and has finally made
them all women and children and rela-
tives OF Zellgouskl's troops.
N. J. vfNIKAs,
In Charge OF Lithuanian Affairs.
WASHINGTON, October 20.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
JUSTICE TO LABOR.
| workingwoman Commends Judge
Miller's Utterances.

To THE New YoRK HERALD: How
clearly and how accurately Judge Miller
Expresses what social Justice really
;.cans In his speech reported In Wednes-
day mornings papers!
We who are self-supporting men and
women agree with him wholly when ne
rays his idea OF justice includes the
fruits OF justice in the pay envelope OF
the worker and not scheme that mas
charity for the backbone" A few more
things Judge Miller says ] would Ike 10
a. ote. for they are so true.
THE laboring men and women want
justics; they will be content only with
Justice" The experience of many large
employers of working people has proved
that Statement and they have found out
that paterna,istic palliatives. salves, chic
reform and other such quack remedies
so not make cheerful and contented
work men and women; that workers
have become too intelligent TO be de-
ceived by such camouflage.
We workingwomen have found out
that they leave US In the condition Oh
the woman who when the census taker
came around and she was ASKED ABOUT
her condition as to marriage said. Il was
awful hard up before. but wuss after"
That is exactly the way Governor
Smiths methods OF social justice would
Lave JUS women. while Judge Miller goes
10 the heart of the whole trouble He
is judge. and Judge has many OPP
pertunities to learn all about human
nature, It's needs and its demands.
Judge Miller also said the trouble Of
II working people is not with the min
inlum wage SO much as with the high
cost OF everything. Paternalfsm and its
euacls remedies can never cure that
trouble. They simply prolong the
trouble, stretch 1t out over long years.
A SELF-REsPEcrINo WOMAN WORKER.
NEW YORK, October p.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
FARMERS ARE COOPERATING
A Promising Plan for Marketing Their
Product and Getting Credit.

To THE NEW YORK HERALD: This
mornings papers Indicate that repre-
santatives OF the agricultural interests
are leaving Washington In a state of
mind which will lead them to spread
through the country the idea that they
arc Disseminated against by the money
rower. This Is undoubtedly fact.
Tho present conditions play completely
into the hands of speculative buyers
who. .Jeing In commercial relations with
the banks. find It possible to arrange
credits where farmers are unable to do
SO. This is a condition. of course, that
has existed for years and In perhaps
tie principal cause for the big profits
Of the Iniddlemen. made at the one end
out OF the farmers by buying their
crops at ruinously low figures-owing
to the farmers need Sor cash-and at
boarding products snd thereby control
ling market prices.
Fortunately the farmers are at last
learning their lesson ana learning 1t
fast. Their cooperative marketing or
ganizations are being formed all over
the country along sound business lines.
end, with their own packing houses and
the employment of efficient marketing
machinery, are becoming able to stabil-
ize the output and command the con-
fidence OF and hence secure the needed
credit from the banks
This is a much better solution than
that OF relying on the Government for
aid, and while in my opinion the Fed
eral reserve system should have re-
sponded to the farmers plea for aid in
the present emergency it is probably
better in the long run that he should
be forced to rely upon himself and more
quickly develop his cooperative market
ing organizations. which by eliminating
the. SPECTATORS will both increase the
farmers profits and decrease the con-
sumer's expenses.
GEORGE A. CULLEN,
Vice-President North American Fruit
Exchange.
NEW YORK. October 20.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
LOCAL, wEATuER RECORDS.
EVENTS TODAY.

Gov. James NJ Cox will speak at a mass
rnceting In Madison Square Garden, 4. M.
Iie win also attend n testimonial luncheon
given under tho auspices of the Women's
Democratic State Committee. Hotel Astor.
80 p NJ; q reception OF the Marquette
Club at. tn. weidorf-Astoria r. MI ena
n reception by the teachers OF the city OF New
York at Washington Irving High School.
Irving place and Sixteenth street. 2;3o p. NJ:
Tho air station OF the Police Reserve VII VII
lie Commissioner E1right. Shore Road PARK
Extension, Shore road and Fourth avenue.
brooklyn 2:30 p. NJ.
tary OF the Navy. directors OF the Army and
Navy Air Services and the Second Assistant
Aeromari1e Plane and Motor Company and
the Aeromarine West Indies Always. Inc.
Columbia Yacht Club. West Eighty-sixth
Young Folks League. twenty-fifth amt
versory banquet ami reception, Hotel Penn
sylvania. Z p. NJ.
Tho Marshall Stillman Movement. buffet
luncheon. Union Club, East Fffty-first
street., / =. NJ.
Isaac Pitinan Shorthand Writers Associa-
ton. meeting. Hotel Pennsylvania, T. NJ
Colgher Tyrone Social Club. annual enter
tainment and ball Donovnn's Assembly
Rooms. Fifty-ninth street and Columbus ave-
Association OF Teachers OF French OF New
York meeting. Cerclc des Annales. 81 West
r'Ifty-seventh street. 10 80 A. NJ.
Fershing Club, dance, Hotel McAipin' y
New York letter Carriers Association.
mass meeting. Central Opera House, 200 East
Sixty-seventh street, this evening.
Women az Horticuturists." Illustrated
lecture by Miss Il. l.. Lee. Museum Building
81 the Botanical Garden. Bronx PARK.
Il. NJ.
National Industrial Conference Board.
meeting, Hotel Astor. 10 A. M.
3ipth Machine Gun Battalion. dinner Cafe
boulevard. Z T.. NJ
New Women OF the Oidon Time lecture
nv Or. james ]. walsh. American Museum
and Central Park West. s:i5 r. NJ.
1.-THE Mefocramntic Play, The Storm.
lecture by Henry II. Rose. Harlem Branch OF
T. NJ.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23

We. people of this great United States,
In singleness of heart and loyalty.
In order that more perfect evermore
The union OF the several States may be.
Do now ordain with heart and hand
This Constitution for our land.
In order 70 establish justice true.
And to insure for all tranquility.
In order TO provide n sure defence.
A wholesome soundness. and stability.
We now ordain- with heart and hand
This Constitution for our land.
In order TO promote the general good.
Secure the blessings born of liberty,
And. not alone for us who frame these )awi
But for all those who after us shall be.
We now ordain with heart and hand
This Constitution for our land.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
SATURDAY. OCTOBER 20. 1920.
Vote Against the Bonus.

Along with the electoral ticket on
November 2 a ballot, designated Pro-
posal Number One. will be given to
citizens to vote on the proposed law
providing for a bonus distribution in
New York. This IS Il scheme to take
some seventy or seventy-five millions
Of dollars of the New York public's
money-forty-fve millions in bonds
and perhaps thirty millions more in
interest on the bonds-in order to
scatter forty-five millions among resi-
dents of this State who served in the
war, regardless of whether their SER
vice was dangerous or not, regardless
of whether their service cost them
anything or not.
The people of this State. we have
no doubt, will gladly pay forty-five
millions of dollars If such an amount
is required, or twice forty-five mill
ions Of dollars If 1t should be ncces-
sary to take care of the MANNED and
disabled and bereft that have been
left to us as q heritage of the war.
The people of this State probably
would stop at nothing short Of the
impossible to do their duty in this
sacred matter. But the people of this
State ought not to he asked to vote
forty-five millions Of principal and
thirty to thirty-five millions more Of
interest to make an indiscrimiratc
distribution among all the men and
women that entered the service out
bear no scars and suffered no hard
ships.
The best men and women OF the
service, even those that suffered in
jury or loss yet are able now to
provide for themselves, do not want
anything like this general bonus dis
trlbution. They want everything that
the public gives to go only TO those
who are in want, who merit relief and
who cannot get it except from the
public purse.
Vote against this general bonus
proposition, Vote against IL and de-
feat 1t so that 1t will be all the easier
and surer to take adequate and gen.
erous care OF those who do deserve
and need help from the State-those
who must be sustained to the last
penny that may be necessary.
The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-23
BEAUTY,S COST IS LOW.
An Expert Clears American Women
Of q Charge OF Extrayagance.

To THE New YORK HERALD: A Wash
ington despatch regarding the enormous
sums spent by the American. public in
tho last twelve months upon iuxuries
has gone the round Of the newspapers.
and whatever may be the facts regard
ing other Injuries the figures given for
toilet preparations. perfumes and tn.
like are grossly Incorrect.
Tho figures given were the retail sale
value OF these articles, $3.50, 600, 900. The
fact Is that the total tax collected on
toilet preparations and medicinal prep
aratioas Is about ss.b0o.o00 for the
twelve months ended June 80. 1920. As
the tax is one cent for each 25 cents re-
tail value. the total retail value of the
products sold in both OF these groups.
namely. toilet preparations and medi-
cines. cannot exceed s162. 100000.
According TO the best information OBJ
tainable, medicinal preparations consti-
tute at least one-half Of the total sales
and are probably somewhat more than
this fraction. 70 that the total value OF
toilet preparations cannot exceed $780,
900 900. This figure. II should be remcm-
bered, includes about s7.500.000 retail
value OF imported perfumes and toilet
preparations. leaving a net OF about
s72,oo0,000 for domestic products. In
this figure talcum powder alone is about
one-auarter.
The total sales therefore OF perfumes
and toilet preparations in this country
during the twelve months specified. by
far the largest, in the history OF the in
dustry. Is less than seventy-hve cents n
year for each inhabitant OF this country.
There Is probably no other group OF ar
ticles contributing no much to tho health
n,.d aesthetic enjoyment Of the common
people that has been so little burden and
OF such relatively little Importance from
an economic point OF view as the sweet
smelling, beautifying and often very
necessary products made by American
manufacturers OF toilet preparations.
Just one word regarding toilet soaps
and powders. The total tax paid was
81, 900, 900, indicating a retail sale value
az about soc. 100000 instead OF $780,
600 900. as given in tho despatch we
protest against. IL s. LEVY,
Editor the American Pcriumcr and
Essential on Rcricic.
NEW York, october 49,