Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1920-04-02
ADMINISTRATION OF SCHOOL
SYSTEM ONE OF LARGEST
ITEMS OF EXPENSE.
CLASS ROOM WORK
BECOMES SECONDARY
State Superintendent Mecienahan
Analyses Present. Day School Prob
lens in Address Before District
Convention at pes Moircs-Dr.
kePferd Urges Medical inspection.
pecial to Times-Republica

Special TO Times Republican.
Des Moines. April 2.-Some Iowa
educational problems was the title
OF an address, delivered today before
the Iowa State Teachers Association
district meeting at Cedar Rapids by
State superintendent p. E. McClena-
han. He declared the problems are
of two kinds, internal and external,
the internal being chiefly related to
the institution after 1t has its stu
dents in the classroom and the ex-
ternal ones being those that concern
the various parts of our educational
system and its relation to the pub
! lie.
The state superintendent pointed
cut that the marvellous growth of the
! public school and the college have
wrought great changes in education
al systems and that the educational
institutions are now conforming to
modern ideas and scientific educa-
tional practice.
Courses of study have been eS-
banded until they touch every phase
o. human life" he said. "As the life
n the home has become less strenu-
Gus and more socialized, so the pub
lie schools and the colleges have
come to take more of the time Of the
child and TO assume a greater re-
sponsibility for his education ana mis-
ideals"
He quoted statistics showing that
the annual expenditure per capita in
1871 for education was Si.6i and IL
1914 it was $3.50. In Iowa the ex-
pend!ture increased from s270 per
capita in 1870 to $40 in 1914.
Cost in education has been mate
rally increased by our changed
practice in supervision and admins
tration," he said. There was a time
when the teacher was instructor.
janitor and man Of all work. At one
time the college president was class
room instructor, business manager,
and general supervisor Of all college
activities. As high schools devel-
oped the work was differentiated and
principals and supervisors became
essential. Now in larger cities secre-
taries are elected who are in reality
business managers"
He declared the modern tendency
1t to put the best person In admin
istrative positions because Of the
economic phase, and this leaves the
weaker ones to do the actual teach
ing" He explained in an early day
the classroom work was emphasized
and paid for but today more money
is paid for supervision and admins
tration.
kspford Wants Medical Supervisor
In an address before the South
west Iowa Teachers Association in
session at Council Bluffs today DR..
A. E. Kepford, Of the state tubercu-
losds department Of the board Of con-
troll. made a plea for the immediate
development Of medical and nursing
supervision in the public schools. His
subject was physical foundation for
citizenship"
1T cost Iowa $s.344,ss2 for the
daily absence Of 1864 children dur
ing the school year Of 1s17-1e1S," he
said. when so per cent OF the chill
dren Of typical American oommu-
nifty have defective teeth, 4s per cent
enlarged tonsils, - per cent ane-
mic, IS per cent enlarged glands. y
per cent nasal obstruction, { per cent
under nourished, then 1t Is time for
the leaders in public education to
spend much time in serious reflection
and reorganization Of the education
al function of the state. It Is time
to recognize the absolute necessity
for the conservation of the physical
foundations for citizenship and de-
sire to urge the Importance Of the
immediate development Of medical
and nursing supervision and instruc-