davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
FOR
WORLD COURT
Assembly Accomplishes First
Important Constructive Act
in Work of the League Of
Nations
TEETH LEFT ON OUTSIDE
South American Countries Op-
pose Program and Declare It
Ineffective Under Present
Construction

Geneva, Dec. ls.--The assembly ac-
complished today the first important
constructive act in the work Of the
league OF nations in adopting a statute
for a permanent international court Of
Justice. The organization as planned
still lacks the obligatory appearance
OF both parties to the dispute and pro-
vides no penalty for Noncompliance
with the decisions OF the court.
The advocates Of the project, how
ever. believe that it Is the n, ost COM
plete plan that could be accepted by
tho different governments and are con-
fdent that the good will Of the nation
will remedy its defect. The plan will
go now to the different states for rat
if1cation.
III twenty-five, or @ majority Of the
members Of the lague, approve it be-
fore the next meeting of the assem-
bly,, the judges will be elected ana
the court will come into existence in
tho month OF September.
Adoption OF the plan came after an
oratorical duel, with Latin "A merica
on one side and Europe on the other,
over the question as to- whether the
jurisdiction OF the international court
ought to be obligatory or voluntary.
Raoul Fernandez, Brazil; DR.. Carlos
Urueta- Colombia; Harmondio Arias,
Panama; Aristides q Auget6. Cuba;
Senior Blanco, Uruguay. and, Senior
Aramayo, Bolivia, insisted with great
force upon the necessity Of obligatory
jurisdiction to make the, court really
effective. - -" - ~"
Some of the speakers made refer.
ence to. the small majority in the
committee which had forced a large
minority to bend to- its will, It was
also declared that he big powers ha6
used their greater influence to defeat
the most important features'iof the
measure. The greater number Of the
fifteen speakers were skeptical as to
the value Of optiona! jurisdiction as
provided for in the project.
Leon Bourgeoise France; A.. J. Bal
four. England; DR.. George F. Hager-
up, Norway, and Giuseppe Motta.
Switzerland, defended the plan as the
best that could be set up for begin
ming. Mr.. Balfour also made q de-
tense OF Europe against what he
termed "a united attack"
No country, he said, had been more
strongly In favor Of arbitration than
Great Britain. He argued that It was
necessary 10 make beginning. The
whole project might be rendered in
operative il that beginning were not
made with due regard for certain real
tiles.
Though the debate could not change
the viewpoint Of the majority, 1t
served to relieve the feelings of the
delegates, which had reached a high
pitch in the long discussion in CON-
mittee
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
REGULATE COT
TON FUTURES
Senator Dial Introduces Resolu.
ton Similar to Conner Bill

Washington, Dec. 14.-An amend
meft to the cotton futures act, of
Identical purposes as the amendment
introduced last session by SENATOR
Conner of Alabama, but which, failed
to pass, was presented to the senate
today by Senator Dial, Of South Caro-
lima.
The Conner amendment would have
required cotton exchanges to deliver
to purchasers or cotton one-half in
grades as good as middling. The Dial
amendment provides that the buyer
shall have the right to demand one
half OF the amount deliverable under
contract from two grades to be spe-
cihed by him, and that the seller
shall have the right to tender tho
other half OF the amount in two
grades to be specified by the seller
The present law permits the seller
TO tender the amount purchased in
either of ten grades Such latitude
granted the seller is unfair, accord
Ing to Senator Dial, and permits
stock exchanges to indulge in specu-
iation to the destruction OF agricul-
turc. and the embarrassment OF
manufa cturers
Senator Dial declared today that
the department OF agriculture which
did not support the Conner amend
ment has capitulated to the extent of
admitting that the law as it stands
at present Is obviously unfair. The
Conner amendment passed the senate
but died In the house as result or
opposition of representatives from
Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and
Oklahoma, where low grade cotton 10
the principal production. Senator
Dial explains that his amendment
can not be opposed by these represen-
tatives inasmuch as 1t does not elm =
mate u market for the low grade
cotton.
The opposition of the cotton ex-
change is expected. according to the
South Carolina senator, however, as
results OF hearings before the COM
mittee OF agriculture no expects TO
make such n showing as to the UNI
fairness Of the stock exchanges
operating under the present condi-
tion that their guns will be spiked.
Senator Conner, who by his speeches
ana newspaper advertisements last
season aroused interest through the
south, will attend the hearings.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
BUREAU CAN'T
GRANT RELIEF

Washington, Dec. 15.-The intern
al revenue bureau is powerless un-
der the law to grant any relief from
penalties to be imposed on individ
uals and corporations who because
OF tight money" business depres-
sion" or for other reasons were I'M
able today TO pay the last instalmcnt
on the 1919 incomes. This statement
was made tonight by Commissioner
Williams when his attention was
called to reports from various parts
OF the country that persons and cor
porations had informed revenue col
lectors that they now were financial
~ unable TO pay taxes on the money
they earned last year
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
FARMERS RELIEF
PLAN ADOPTED
Directs Secretary of Treasury
ana Others to Revive War
Finance Corporation
LIBERAL CREDITS
PLAN is FAVORED
Expected to Assist in Financing
the Expectation of Agricultur-
al and Other Products

washington, Dec. 13.-The senate
'ate To-Day passed the agriculture
resolution directing the revival Of the
war FINANCE corporation as q meas
ure or a1ording relief to farmers.
The second section Of the resolution.
which az introduced would have di-
rected the extension Of liberal credits
10 farmers by the federal reserve sys-
tenn, was amended to make the desira
piiity OF such course only an express
sion OF opinion of the congress.
The amendment making tho change
In the section OF the resolution relat-
ing to the federal reserve system was
proposed by Senator Norris, Republi-
can, Nebraska, and was accepted by
4 vote OF AZ to 18.
Another change made in the reso.
.uaon on suggestion Of Senator Smith,
democrat, Georgia, broadened the
Status Of the finance corporation TO
incfode the financing Of expOrtat atom
OF products other than those produced
on the farm. Amendments submitted
by Senator Harris, Democrat, Georgia.
TO make the rate OF discount on loans
TO farmers S per cent, and by Senator
Mcclellan, Democrat Tennessee, to
make cotton factors paper eligible for
d1scount, were rejected by overwhelm
Ing votes. A substitute for the reso-
tutton presented by Senator Spencer,
republican, Missouri met q similar
fate.
f1nal action on the resolution was
without a record vote The measure
now goes to the house, where a num-
Der OF similar farmer relief measures
are pending. =,
The section Of the resolution direct
Ing revival OF the War Finance COR
poraton, as adopted, reads:
the secretary OF the treasury and
the members Of tho War Finance cor
poration are hereby directed to revive
the activities OF the War Finance cor
poration, and that said corporation be
at once reha bilitated with the view of
assisting in the financing Of the expor-
Atlon or agricultural and other prod
ucts TO foreign markets"
Inc resolution as adopted refers to
the extension of credits as follows:
1T is the opinion Of congress that
the FEDERAL reserve board should take
such action as may be necessary to
permit the member banks Of the fed
eral reserve system to grant liberal
extensions Of credit to the farmers of
ne country upon the security of the
agricultural products now held by
men, by permitting the rediscounting
Oh such notes of extension at a fair
ind reasonable rate Of interest"
,Ihe senate agriculture committed
Jurlng the daV continued ;+o y ~, 49,,
with view to framing other meas
ures looking to the relief OF the farm.
ers from the conditions brought about
by falling prices.
The house received an addition to
It's collection of relief measures in a
Dill offered by Representative Young.
republican, Of North Dakota, propos-
ing an embargo on imports Of grain
ana grain products, livestock, and
their products for one year.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
TAX CONFERENCE
TOMORROW
Governor Calls Meeting to Talk
Over Situation

Columbia, Dec. 1G.-To come to
some definite understanding as to
what may be expected of the general
assembly at its approaching session
In the matter Of taxes, Governor Coop
er has called a conference Of leading
members Of the senate and the
lower house to be held here tomor-
row. The conference has been call
ed in order to get an idea of what
the legislature will do in regards TO
the appropriations, which will of ne
cessity be higher this year than in any
past year.. according to the REQUESTS
already made by the various depart
ments OF the budget commission.
The crying need at present, author
tiles say, is to devise some means OF
raising additional revenue and not
raising the tax levy. AS is well
known. South Carolina depends al
most entirely upon the property tax
for, revenue and at the ratio the prop
erty is returned the conditions. are
bec6ming decidedly unsatisfactory, it
is said. ~ 20"
The .. levy Of II mills the present
year was the highest in the states
history and the levy in 1921 will go
above 12tsmills unless some other
method Of taxation is presented. In
advocating other forms OF taxation
the general principle Of the citizens
paying taxes on his ability to pay is
said 70 be the eS only sensible plan.
Goovernor Cooper is an ardent sup
porter of this scheme and the joint
legislative committee in its report
also recommends this plan.
AT the conference Friday Governor
Cooper will put the question square
ly UP to the members of the new
general assembly and ask their views
on the subject. 1t may be that some
change in the method can be worked
out. Sentiment among the officials
who know the subject of taxes is be-
coming fixed on tho fact that a radi-
cal change from the property tax
must be made.
The governor has asked some 20
odd members Of the senate and house
10 come to Columbia Friday for the
conference, and at thois meeting fig
ures on the requests for 1921, reach
ing nearly $1O,O0O,OOO, will be pre-
sen'e5. The governor has said that
he saw no way to make any material
reductions, although some have al
ready been made. He wants to get
the sentiment Of the new assembly on
the matter.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
ONE MILLION
UNDESIRABLES
'Rih Rag Of Central Europe Try.
ing to Reach United States

Berlin, Dec. 15.-Emigration TO
the United States from Central Eu-
rope has reached q stage where IL
threatens to dump into America
rearly 100000 OF the most unde-
sLrabie peoples OF Europe" says a
Official of the American state depart
mont who has been watching the re-
cent exodus with much concern.
The emiernnts are principally from
Russia and Poland. and large numbers
OF ,them, who are very poor, have
rcsn directly assisted with money and
a,v.ce from America. the correspond
ent was told. Consular offices are
sxsmped with their applications for
lssports and stea Enship accommodo-
tons are Inadequate to carry all who
have permits to sail.
There Is virtually no check on this
movs mont. which beyond any ques-
ficL must soon be n most serious prob
lem in America" the correspondent
was Informed. .'An effort has been
n,sde to keep out the so-called reds
bat that, too. Is futile for IL is impos-
dhlee to investigate - the applicants
carefully enough to exclude undesir-
nhjea
The only thing that can be done,
IL seems to me. Is a new immigration
law sharply curtailing this business
OF dumping the down-and- outs of Eu-
rope upon our shores. And that, too,
IL going TO be "a difficult thing for
there will always be the possibility
OF discrimination against classes that
would make valuable citizens. If
immigration should be stopped entire
~ for few years, say five. we might
wake up to the situation in America
and seek a way out of the trouble.
The governments agents have
been doing their best To- meec the
emergency with the machinery Of the
law. but that IL pitiably inadequate
About all that can be done Is to send
department of justice agents to New
York and warn the erafters and the
more radical promoters Of this I'M
migration that they must not resort
Tn illegal means. Some OF them
who were reaping rich rewards out
OF the passport business--pretcndin
to secure proper papers for sums
paid In hand--havc been frightened
of. but there are others still at
work.
"One of these grafters has moved
To Berlin and probably In doing 4
thriving business. Nothing can he
done about II. He is within the law,
as far as we are concerned. He may
20 out and collect any amount Of fees
for assisting immigrants to secure
passports-and whether he succeeds
In getting the papers. which cannot
ic held up IL the applicant meets
requirements. or not he can keep the
s"oney. The applicant won't squeal.
However. such men are only q
part Of tho scheme operating to shift
thc Immigrants into America"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
CONFESSED
BEFORE DYING
Negro Could Not Go
to Chair With Lie on His
Lips

columbia, Dec. l4.---"She told no
stores on me, and I'm sorry I did it,"
said Grocer Butler. the Spartanburg
county negro. who paid the death
penalty in tho electric chair just be-
rore noon today. Despite his denial
yesterday, the negro made a full con-
tession OF the crime today. He said
ne was ready to die. The execution
was successful. He was convicted in
September 1919, of criminal assault on
a young white woman Of Spartanburg.
His case was appealed, but the lower
courts decision was sustained.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
CHARGE BY SMITH
AGAINST MILLS
Senator Discusses Profit in Cot.
ton Manufacturing

Washington. Dec. I5.-Cotton mills
or the south and New England were
declared by Senator Smith, Democrat, [,
South Carolina. in an address in the
senate today. to be in a position to
make greater profits now with cot
ton selling at low price and with
their products cut 3S 1-3 per cent
than during the recent days Of 40
cent cotton. when, he said, the profits
of many mills amounted to 800 per
cent.
The South Carolina senator charged
that the mills had not reduced the
price of their products to corrc-
spond with the drop in the price of
cotton. and also in many cases in the
wages of workers. The price of raw
cotton. he said. had declined 200 per
cent, while the price received by the
mills for the finished products had
fallen only 33 per cent.
Conditions in this country are
frishtful." Senator Smith declared
SENATORS come in here with fine spun
theories instead of trying TO do some
thing tc assist the farmers"
The senator upbraided those who
he said. had declared "let the farmers
takc their medicine in the form OF
falling prices" Many millionaires
were made during the war, but not
one OF them came from the farmers"
ne continued. you stand here hag-
giing about antitrust laws breaking
tho hearts Of the farmers when thou-
sands are suffering"
Senator Smith declared there was
as much or more proflteering today
I'm dollars as there had been year
ago IN commodities" although no
word OF criticism was heard. He
quoted Secretary Meredith to the eff.
fect that the farmers already had lost
over $4,000. 100000 this year throuuh
shrinkage in the value of their prod.
ucts
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
JUDGE II. A. M. SMITH
MAY RETIRE SOON
Likely to Be Succeeded by Re-
publican.

Washington, Dec. 15.-South Caro-
linians visiting Washington bring the
report that II. A. NJ. Smith, federal
judge Of the Eastern district of
South Carolina, contemplates an early
retirement on account Of age.
Should Judge Smith resign prior to
March 4. President Wilson would i'm
all probability nominate a Democrat
as his sue, essor. While the nominee
would probably fail of confirmation
there is little chance Of a Democrat
To the bench should Pres
idcnt-elect Harding be chief executive
on the date Of the resignation.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
FARMERS MEET
IN ST. LOUIS
Sixteen Organizations
Consider Plans to Pre-
vent Bankruptcy

st. Louis, Dec. 16.-Farmers' rep
Settling sixteen farmers organiza.
tions throughout the United States are
In conference here seeking relief from
the falling price Of farm products. The
delegates declared that present prices
meant bankruptcy and are not due
TO the law Of supply and emand The
plans include a national market and
the establishment OF banks through
cooperation with the farm organiza-
tions
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
BRITISH EXAMINE
AMERICAN CABLE

Washington, Dec. l6.-Ali american
cable messages leaving Great britain
are examined by thc British naval in
tclliRcncc author iucs, President Carl
ton Of the Western Union told the SEN
ate committee. lie said the action
was taken presumably to throw light
on Ireland and bolshevism.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
COOLIDGE CALLED
IN CONSULTATION
Harding Invites Vice President
To Express His Opinion

Marion. Dec. 16-Senator Harding.
according to his campaign promise TO
gfve more active part in the gov
ernment to the vice-president In the
next administration. conferred with
Vice-President-e Coolidge on ad-
ministration policies. domestic prob
lens and the association OF nations.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
NO PLACE FOR ARMENIA NOW

Geneva, Dec. lJ---The Lolc as
scmbly voted against the admission Of
Armenia ut present. but r.,aSc a re-
solution hoping that President Will
sons efforts would save Armenia and
establish stable governm ~. permit
ting her to enter the league
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
FOUR NATIONS
ARE ADMITTED

Geneva. Dec. l6.--Four new nationa
have been admitted to the league OF
nations by the league assembly: Bul-
garia. Costa Iiica. Finland and Lux
ombourg.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
NEXT SECRETARY
OF AGRICULTURE

Miami. Dec. 16.-Scnator Cummins
said Henry @. Wallace. of Iowa. farm
editor. would probably bc the next
secretary OF agriculture. lie said
Harding was coming TO Miami In Feb
ruary.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
MILLIONS IDLE
IN ENGLAND
Three Million Unem-
plOyed Seek Govern
ment Aid

London. Dec. 16.--It Is estimated
TINT over three million people are suf-
fcring from unemployment in Great
Britain. The government has been
asked 10 aid them.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
ANTI-STRIKE BILL
is PASSED

washington. Dec. 1G.-The senate
passed the anti-strike bill making in
terference with interstate commerce
a felony.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18
HEAI ADMIRAL STRAUSS
~ PROMOTED

washington. Dee. 1J.-Rcar Admir-
~ joseph strauss. will be appointed
commander I'm chief of che A>,,t., uc,t
WIN the rank OF admiral I'm recorni-
,ion OF his mine barrb 20 worS In In.
North Sea. Wv
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1920-12-18

Tho Hague, Dec. 15.---Dutch "dry'
leaders have announced they will
make a determined effort to secure
adoption Of a local option bill BY the
Netherlands parliament.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1920-07-21

prominent Chicago business women, are
aking interesting plans for the enter
tainment OF the guests.
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1920-07-21
LOCAL WOMEN GO
TO CONVENTION
AItrusa Club Holds Annual
Gathering in Chicago.

4 number of Indianapolis women Will
attend the third convention of the Ma
tional Association of Altrusa clubs. which
will be held at the Congress hotel in Chi
cago the last of this week.
Among those who will go are DR.. Mary
Westfall. president of the local chapter
Miss Mamie L. Bass. Miss Jocelyn Court
right. Miss Lulie Gibbons, Miss katherine
Gibbons Miss LeOna Rutledge, Miss
Charlotte Carter, Miss Maude McVicker,
Miss Mary Davis. Mrs. Ida Belser, Mrs.
Fannie S. Sweeney. Miss Helen S. Clay
ton. Miss Mary Buehler, Miss Jean Whites
man, Mrs Martha Abel, Mrs. Pearl Clarke.
Miss Ada B. Robinson, Mrs. Georgianna
Weber, Miss Mabel Stamper and Miss
May Foley.
The Altrusa club is an organization
made up OF business and professional
women from different lines Of work, sim
liar in purpose and policy to the Rotary.
Kiwanis and Optimist clubs of the men.
Four years ago in Nashville, Tenn. the
first chapter Of Altrusa was organized,
but the national organization was formed
in this city by three local women. Misses
Luella Mercer, Norma Hickman ana
Mamie L. Bass.
Miss Bass served as first national presi-
dent, Miss Mercer as first treasurer and
Miss Hickman as secretary.
At present Miss Bessie n. Moore, an
attorney Of Dayton. O.. is president, and
Miss Bass is secretary.
The convention committee, composed of
Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922, 1920-07-21
n ~ m
.l% 30cietY N

Members of the Gamma Beta sorority
entertained today with a luncheon at the
Bamboo Inn. followed by a theater party
at the Murat in honor of Miss Kath-
crime Larkin.
AIRS. Eleanor Ford, president of the
organization, was in charge of arrange
ments.
Mr.. and Mrs George and Mrs. Louis
Kern, Forty second street and Airing
ton avenue, left today for WOwatum
Beach. Mich, where they will spend the
remainder of the summer.
Mr.. and Mrs. Harry Burnet, 1854 North
Pennsylvania street, have gone to Hawks
park, Fla.
Mr.. and Mrs Andrew Fletcher Smith
of Franklin announce the marriage Of
their daughter, Miss Minerva Smith, to
Herbert Cameron Blandford of Indian
apolis. which took place July 2. Mr.. and
Mrs Blandford will be at home after
Sept. at 2SOS Ruckle street.
Mr.. and Mrs. H c. tombstone Of OF
tumwa, Ia, are the guests Of Mr.. and
Mrs. George Melvillel Henderson.
Mr.. and Mrs. W. B. Patterson OF Chi
cago announce the engagement of their
daughter Florence to Charles R. James.
son of Mr.. and Mrs. D. j. James, Al
Whittier place.
The wedding will take place Sept S
at the home of the brides parents
Mrs. L. C. Hill, 500 East Fifteenth
street, will leave tonight for Mobile and
V-averIand, Ala, to spend a month
Mrs. D. Y. Ring, 81 Bancroft avenue,
will be the hostess at the box lunch
rarity to be given by the women OF the
Calling Gun club Friday night.
Mrs. Elizabeth Hiatt Gregory Of New
York City. who has been the house guest
of her sister. Mrs S. c. klnnaird, iO9
East drive Woodruff Place, has returned
to her home.
Mrs. W. E. Wisner and Mrs Mary
Hines Of Columbus are the guests OF
Mrs Arthur B. Carr. 1927 North New
Jersey street.
Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Welch; lU@t
North Dearborn street, and Mr.. and Mrs.
Edward WeIch have returned from trip
through the west.
The enga cement is announced OF Miss
Gertrude Louise SIeisenhelder, daughter
o Mrs. Ida Meisenhelder, 800 Layman
avenue. TO L. Russell Newgent Of Green
castle.