davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1920-05-30
PROPOSES i. S. OWNED
COAL MINES FOR NAVY
Senate Resolution Calls for Investigation
of Project-Shortage of Oil May
Force Return to Old Fuel.

600. 900 tons. OF this. 10000. 900 tons
arc used annually. of which the gov
ernment uses approximately IL. .o0o. -
readily understood that the supply Ger
the necessities of the Navy win 6e
exhausted in a comparatively short
span Of years. There Is plenty Of
coal OF other qualities. but II has not
the qualities demanded by the Navy
to maintain high pressure steam and
speed of the vessels. It seems reason
able that the government should CON
serve this coal for its own uses. al
lowing private industries to consume
other coal. which is equally as well
adapted to their uses but which is
not fit for the requirements OF the
government.
Virginia Fields SuEKested.
One particular project has already
been suggested to Senator Cummins
and to members OF the naval affairs
committee. The coal fields having the
necessary character OF coal are to be
found in West Virginia adjacent to
the line Of the virginian railway.
which runs from these fields to Nor
folk. Va. and the great naval base.
Hampton roads. 1t is said that there
are 125.0o0 acres Of these coal lands
that can be purchased by the govern
ment, which are not at present mine
owned property. In addition to these
fields. there are fifty-six operating
coal mines adjacent to the railway.
According to the geological survey
these coal lands will furnish approx
mately 4.oo0.0Oo.00o tons of coal,
which will meet the governments re-
ouirements. This coal can be taken
from the mines one day. loaded on
cars and dumped into the holds of
vessels at Norfolk the next after
noon. 1t is argued that the govern
ment by the purchase of these coal
Of plentiful supply Of the best grade
of coal. at a distance from the coast
where it could be quickly obtained in
case Of an emergency.
Would Include Railroad.
This particular project. and there
may be others. would include not only
the purchase of the coal fields. but
the taking over of the virsinian rail-
road. which ID 5o4 miles long. 1t 10
estimated that the amount needed to
finance the project would BE- less than
$3.50. 100000. Of which $s5.ooo.ooo
would be the cost Of the railroad and
3Sy, ,oo0, 600 the cost Of the coal fields
and sninea -
The government 10 now paying $6.2b
= t6a foF' this grade OF coal and in
some instances still more. Figures
have been produced to show that IL
the government owns the coal and
operates the road II can put the coal
into the holds Of the seagoing vessels
at Norfolk for $3.50 q ton This would
result in a tremendous saving to the
government annually, and 1t is esti-
mated that the government would
save enough eventually to pay en-
tirely for the project
Evening star., 1920-05-30

ME naval affairs committee of
the Senate is called upon. in a
resolution recently introduced
by Senator Cummins of Iowa.
to inquire into the advisability of
the United States government owning
and operating coal fields capable of
supplying fuel for the Navy. the Army
transports and the American mer-
chant marine. Senator Page Of Ver-
committee, is in sympathy with the
proposed investigation. and it is like
ly that it will be undertaken in the
near future.
The plan is proposed as a measure
of national defense. as a means of
conserving fuel that will be required
for the Navy and the Army and the
merchant marine, and also as a means
of supplying the government with
coal at a lower rate than it is now
compelled to pay.
It is generally known that the
available supply of oil for fuel 10
rapidly diminishing. due to the tre-
mendous demands for It. 1t Is in
creasing in price. While it is true
that naval vessels burning oil can
obtain greater speed than the coal
burners-and speed is an essential
in naval warfare-the time may come,
it is said, when the Navy will be
forced to use coal again. So the
Cummfns resolution directs the COM
mittee to ascertain whether 1t Is
probable that Army transports. naval
and merchant vessels now equipped
or to be equipped hereafter for the
use of oil as fuel. will be compelled
again to use coal.
Danger to Motor Industry.
The proponents OF the plan for gov
ernment ownership and operation Of
coal fields to supply fuel to its own
vessels point out that il the use of
oil continues at the present rate
there will be danger that the farmer
will not be able to use it for fuel for
tractors, motor trucks and other farm
machinery, and that there will be a
slowing down in the production OF
automobiles and a curtailment In the
construction OF good roads as a fur
ther consequence of the consumption
of oil on the present ever-increasing
scale.
The committee 10 called upon also
to ascertain the location OF the coal
folds from which coal Of the proper
quality for use on ships can be OBJ
taiued; What 10 the traAaDoFtation
cost of moving the coal from these
fields to the various parts Of the
United States. and what would Be the
prohlbts cost Of acquiring these
fieids 1t this time. assuming that it
is desirable that the country shall be
assured an adequate supply Of coal
for the purpose Of coaling govern
ment ships and the merchant marine
for q reasonable period.
According to the geological survey.
the total supply Of coal in the United
States which is suitable for the re-
quirements of the Navy is 12,000.-
Evening star., 1920-05-30

A HARMED over the manner tr
~ which Great Britain and Other
~ foreign nations have been "eob'
bling up the available oil re-
sources in other countries. as well as ir
| their own territories and possessions
members of Congress are giving serious
consideration to steps to have the
United States participate in these oil re-
sources.
A bill has Just been introduced by
Senator Phelan Of California, who is in
tensely interested in the proposal that
the United States shall obtain its fail
share of oil. The bill authorizes the in
CORPORATION Of the United States Oh
CORPORATION for the purpose Of develop
ing the oil resources of foreign coun-
tries. It is to be incorporated under the
laws Of the District Of Columbia or any
state or territory.
While the stock OF the corporation
is to be sold to citizens Of the United
States and owned by them. the cor
poration will be largely a govern
mental affair. Provision is made Tor
the appointment Of a board of nine
directors to control the corporation.
The directors are to be appointed
with regard to their fitness and to
fair representation of the geographi-
cal divisions Of the country. The
board itself is to elect a president OF
the corporation and to fix the COM
pensation of it's officers and other
employees.
Provides for Development.
The corporation may explore. de-
velop, refine, transport and store Pc
troleum and it's products. subject to
a preferential right on the part OF the
government to take all Of its supply
or a portion Of 1t, at any time. on the
payment of the market price.
The oil corporation Is authorized
also to form subsidiary corporations.
The corporation may solicit subscrip-
tions of stock The majority OF the
stock. however. must be owned by
citizens Of the United States.
Strict injunction is made against
the corporations entering into any
combination. agreement or UNDER
standing with any other corporation
or to make any unfair or discrtm-
fnatory contract against the United
States.
Tho introduction of this Phelan
bill followed close on the heels OF the
Presidents transmission to the Sem
ate of a report on what Great Britain.
France, Holland. Japan and other
foreign countries are doing to obtain
control OF their own oil resources as
well as of the resources of other
countries. The Information contained
in the report was called for by 4
Senate resolution.
Policy Of British.
The policy Of the British empire il
Evening star., 1920-05-30

NDER an agreement reached
with the French government
~ the return Of the American
soldier dead from the mill
tary zone in France will begin after
September Is.
Ralph Hayes, assistant to Secretary
Baker, recently returned from a mis-
sion to France to complete arrange
ments, has reported that French OBJ
jections finally were waived in April
removals to be limited to those bodies
for the return Of which relatives had
specifically asked.
Mr.. Hayes reafIlrms the policy Of
the War Department to defer to
wishes Of relatives completely. Re-
turns from inquiries sent out show
that So per cent Of those who replied
asked that the bodies be brought
home. Those which remain in France
will be ''fittingly and tenderly" cared
for by the government in fields Of
honor purchased for that purpose.
The report deals at length with ar
ranEements for acquisition, location
and preparation of these.
Refers to Charges.
The report refers to charges that
tho motive behind the proposal for
return of the soldier dead was 'the
propaganda Of the undertakers and
comm makers" and the further
charges that actuating the move
mont to keep the bodies abroad was
"the hope Of the French to make
their presence a source of constant
and substantial financial revenue"
Specific and sufficient data" says
the report. has not yet been adduced
to indicate that either fear is borne
out in fact" 1t adds that while some
undertakers conducted movement
for the return Of the bodies. they were
repudiated "by the recognized asso-
citation Of reputable funeral direc-
tors and that 'it Is not true that
Evening star., 1920-05-30
CONGRESS CONSIDERING STEPS
TO INSURE u. S. SHARE OF OIL

reported to be to bring about the
exclusion of aliens from the control
OF the petroleum supplies of the en-
measure Of control over oil properties
in foreign countries.
The policy has been developed along
the following lines: First. this policy
debars foreigners and foreign ma
tionals from owning or operating oil
producing properties in the British
isles. colonies and protectorates.
Second. the British government di-
rectly participates in ownership rod
control Of petroleum companies.
Third. through arrangements in
some cases. British oil companies are
prevented from selling their proper
ties to foreign owned or controlled
companies.
Fourth, orders in council prevent
the transfers of shares in British oil
companies to other than British sub
jects or nationals.
The British government, it is re-
ported. has obtained a controlling
interest in the Anglo-Persian Oil
Company, and 1t has assisted also in
the development of the Paquan oil
fields by bearing one-half of the ex-
pense. According to recent reports.
prospecting for petroleum is unlaw-
full in the United Kingdom, except
by the board of trade or the minister
of munitions or persons authorized
by them. The only drilling now go
ing on in the United Kingdom for
petroleum is being done by g. Pear
son and Son, Ltd. az petroleum de-
velopment managers for the govern
ment.
The report submitted by the Presi-
dent shows that the French govern
ment exercises wide discretionary
powers in the granting Of concessions
to oil properties in it's colonies.
Japan has laws restricting the opera
ton of oil wells to her own citizens.
and Mexico has in recent years at
tempted to gain control of her own
oil fields.
Evening star., 1920-05-30
BUSINESS MEN PRESENT PLEA
TO THE POLITICAL PARTIES
Manufacturers Association, Representing
Twenty-Siix States, Suggests Industrial
Planks for Campaign Platforms.

stop the operation OF government do6S
| not exist: submission Of disputes In
volving public utilities to arbitration
without suspending the service: con-
demnatfon of any proposal to make
1t right and lawful for one class of
citizens to do that which is unlaw-
full when done by another class.
Discusses ssEmployment Relations"
The right to seek and establish en-
p1oyment relations with each other
without respect to the membership or
non-memhership Of either in any or
ganization is an essential part Of the
personal freedom Of employer or en-
ploye, according to that part of the
platform dealing with private employ
ment relations.
A non-partisan revision Of the tax
law Is urged in the fourth plank,
which declares the excess profits tax
is misnomer, and that it inspires
extravagant business expenditures
Substitution Of tax on gross final
sales is suggested. Vigorous re-
trenchment by Congress and refusal
OF unnecessary appropriations is
urged, but permanent economy can
only be obtained by the adoption Of an
effective budget system. Refunding
Of the war Indebtedness into long
term securities also is advocated.
Railway Operation Topic.
Railroads privately owned but op.
Grated under government regulation
are approved in the plank of trans-
portation. The present condition of
the rail lines is characterized as, de-
plorable. and a speedy readjustment
of rates is asked. along with per-
missive consolidation of lines where
it would effect economy. A CON
structive policy Of selective immi-
grafton" is advocated in the sixth
division Of the. platform. through
the establishment Of foreign agencies
Of our own which would pass on the
qualifications Of aliens before they
embarked for these shores. Proper
Evening star., 1920-05-30

ASED on the preamble that the
| X platforms OF great political
parties "are the recognized
- means of defining issues and
Of seeking for them the favorable sup
port Of public opinion" the National
Association of Manufacturers has
agreed on nine-plank platform.
which deals with questions Of par
ticular interest to the business world
and which it will attempt to have in
corporated in whole or in part in the
declarations adopted at Chicago and
San Francisco.
This industrial platform" as it is
called. was compiled by a committee
Of fifty-eight business men, represent
ing twenty-six states, which met this
month in New York city, A. L. Hum
phrey of Pennsylvania being chair
man. The report states that as man
ufacturers the members of the asso-
citation ask neither favor nor privilege
and have no claim for public consid-
Grafton save the nature of the service
rendered the social organization.
uuCtIUH Ok UOVCfh"Cul SHtcus
"It is part of the function of gov
ernment to regulate Industry" the
report adds, land as this is well or i'll
done corresponding benefit or injury.
not merely to us. but to the nation
ensues. Political answers to economic
problems vitality affect the progress
Of business. To address those about
i to declare public policies is therefore
the right and duty of a national or
ganization Of manufacturers.'
The nine planks in the platform
relate to government and industry,
regulation of combinations, private
employment relations, taxation and
finance, transportation, immigration,
merchant marine, foreign trade and
war bonus. In connection with the
first of these it is stated that it is
not the function Of our government
to own or operate industry, but to
protect and encourage it's legitimate
development under private ownership
and management. 1t should there
fore abstain from competition with
its own citizens in any form of busi-
ness they can successfully undertake,
Where regulated cooperation pro-
notes the public interest. competition
should not be compelled, the platform
holds, and business men should be
able to ascertain in advance of con-
templated action whether their prac-
tices will be permissible or forbidden.
Hits Federal Trade Commission.
'The Federal Trade Commission"
says the first plank in conclusion. pro-
posed and advocated as guide to
honest enterprise, is multiplying its
perplexity. It is persistently inquisi-
torial beyond its authority. and as adj
ministered represents government by
men and not by law"
The right to organize and act in
combination. whether by employer or
employe. corporation or union. is held
to be relative and not absolute, and to
end where injury to the public in
terest begins. The right to strike or
lock out must be defined and limited
whenever 1t conflicts with the COM
munitys paramount right of self
preservation. Five proposals are set
forth under this heading as follows:
Proper division of national and state
authority in controlling production
and transportation: every association
of employers and employees to be held
legally answerable for Its own acts
and those Of its agents; the right of
government employees to combine to
Evening star., 1920-05-30
BERGDoLL INQUIRY ASKED.

Congress is asked to investigate the
escape Of Grover c. Bergdoll of Phil
adeIphia. wealthy draft dodger. in a
resolution introduced by Chairman Kahn
OF the House committee on military
affairs.
The resolution would direct Speaker
Gillett to appoint q COMMITTEES COM
posed Of hve House members to con-
duct an inquiry "to learn If the es-
cape was the result of q conspir-
acy."
Evening star., 1920-05-30
STRIKE BILL IS AMENDED.

After amending the Poindexter bill.
designed to prevent interruption of
TRANSPORTATION by railroad strikes, the
Senate interstate commerce commit
tee has ordered a favorable report on
the measure, the changes making 1t
conform to the anti-strike clauses
stricken from the railroad reorganiz-
alton bill following strong protests
from labor leaders. 1t is not expected
that the bill will be called up for ac-
ton until after the. recess Of Con-
gress for thA oonvenllons.
Evening star., 1920-05-30
DEPARTMENT OF EDUcATIoN.
Idvocated by Majority of Econom.
ic League Committee.

A federal department OF education,
directed by a member OF the Presi-
dents cabinet. is advocated by 80 per
cent of the members of a special COM
mittee of the National Economic
League. The majority of the COM
mittee members believe such a de-
partment would be one of the best
means of promoting education in this
country.
The committee is made UP. Of lead
ing educators from all parts Of the
country.
Evening star., 1920-05-30

CONTINUED on Third Page.)
Evening star., 1920-05-30

NDER an agreement reached
with the French government.
the return Of the American
soldier dead from the mill
Evening star., 1920-05-30

A LARMED over the manner in
~ which Great Britain and other
~ foreign nations have been ''gob-
4 = bling up'' the available oil re-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
NEWS OF MISHAWAKA
NeScsIeS Office 2O Lincoln Way W. Phone MShauaka 10
SOLEMN SERVICES At
ST. MONICA'S CHURCH

With high mass celebrated by
Rev. J. Edward Dillon OF the Ca
thedral. Fort Wayne, secretary to
RI. Rev Bishop Alerding. devotion
OF the 40 hours opened Sunday
morning at 10 o'clock at St MOnica's
church, Mishawaka. % which Rev.
John +. Kohl is pastor. The sermon
was delivered by Rev. Eugene j.
Gehl OF ST. Francis, Wis. who has
been engaged for the conduct OF the
devotion Father Gehl Is one OF the
best known missionaries OF the coun-
try and a speaker OF marked ability
He makes his headquarters at St
Johns Institute in ST. Francis, Wis,
and Is prominently active In his
work among the deaf mutes. Be
sides his work as a missionary he is
also a lecturer and has given in
many cities his popular lecture
The Silent World" in which he
treats OF the work accomplished In
the education Of mutes. The pro-
ceeds OF his labors are expended in
behalf OF the children at the institu-
ton at which he makes his head
quarters He has filled many APP
pointments for missions and re-
treats In the diocese of Fort Wayne
and is well known by clergy and
laity.
Solemn closing OF the 40 hours at
St. MOnica's church will take place
on Tuesday evening. local and
neighboring attending the solemn
tiles.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
MISHAWAKA HOTEL
MANAGER RESIGNS
Mr.. and Mrs. c. +. Blackburne
Take Option on Apartment
Hotel at Los Angeles.

G Z. Blackburne. manager OF the
Hotel Mishawaka for the past IS
months. has resigned. and together
with Mrs Biackburne. will leave
Mishawaka next Saturday on a hunt
ing and fishing trip OF several weeks
duration. In the early fall they will
20 20 Los Angeles Canf. where they
have taken an option on an apart
ment hotel
Under Mr. Blackburne's manage
1nent the Mishawaka has enjoyed
the most successful run business
IN its history. Having passed through
many vicissitudes prior 10 his as
Stunning the management, the hotel
has been placed on a sound bust
mess and paying basis. Many i'm
prOvements have been carried out.
ahe most notable OF which was the
pew banquet and ball room with a
GapaAty for 800 guests. During the
gast I months many social gather
hnEs and important conferences have
leen held IN the hosiery, due 10 the
excellent service which Mr. Black
lurne instituted and maintained
throughout his entire management
His departure from the city will be
deeply regretted as viii Mrs. Black
iurne's.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
Shop Observes
It's First Anniversary

Mfady shop is this week observ-
ing its first anniversary in Misha-
waka by an attractive sale adver-
tised in the News-Times todoy. Since
opening its doors in the city Milady
Shop has established a record in the
matter of business. Not the least
factor in bringing this about is the
generally accepted fact that it has
earned the confidence of the public
by doing as it has advertised. II
was the first store TO open an eNclu-
sive ladies-ready-to-w business
in Mishawaka, and that the efforts
OF >. d. Gross. manager, have been
succ essfUl beyond doubt is sufficient
guarantee that truth in advertising is
bound 10 bring worth while results
The windows of AIilady Shop have
been most attractive and the skill
displayed in their adornment have
helped to advertise the shop. Mr.
Gross has succeeded in giving to
Mishawaka an up-to-date shopping
place at which the feminine taste
can at all times be satisfied.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS.

Notice is heNby given tuat the trustees
Of the school City OF Mishawaka will re-
ceive sealed bids up 20 5 p m. Tuesday
May Is, 1920. a. the Office OF the superin-
tendent OF schools In high school FOR the
following:
% For the erection and completion 81
new boiler house and coal storage
rooms.
(2) For the heating and ventilating Of
new addition aud changing boilers fer
the old Battell school
80 For the plumbing and sewerage for
the new addition 10 the Batteu school
and for the new boiler house
(4( For the electrical work for the new
addition to the Battell school, Battell
school building.
CO. For the hardware for the new ad 70
dition 20 the Battell school.
90 For the time clock system for the
new addition gnd the present Battel
school buildings.
All the above bids. or part or parts
thereof may be combined In one bid or
each bid made separate.
Plans and specifications for the above
have been prepared by Freyermuth and
Maurer, architects. South Bend. Indiana.
and are now on file I'm the office OF said
school city at high school building, Mish-
awake, Indiana
Plans and specifications can be had by
responsible bidders by applying TO the
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
RESIDENT OF CITY
FOR 80 YEARS DIES
AFTER LONG ILLNESS

Mrs. Homer Swanger. so4 y.
Main St. a resident Of Mishawaka
for the past 80 years, died az St
Josephs hospital Monday morning
at 1880 o'clock. She had been III
for the past IA weeks with dropsy
Of the heart.
Mrs. SwaEger's maiden name was
Miss Candair Billiard. She was
born in Connorsville, Ind, Jan. 25,
1865. being IS years old. June Is,
1881 she was married TO Mr.. Swang-
er, who survives with the following
children: Mrs. Frank Reese. OF this
city: Mrs. r. r. Chandler, and the
Misses Myrtle and Mae Swanger OF
Saginaw, Mich. She also leaves her
mother Mrs. Billiard: brother John
Billiard OF River Park, and another
brother Homer Billiard of Indiana
polls, Ind.
Funeral arrangements will be
made later.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-05-11
UNTREATED WATER
CAUSES 100 DEATHS

BY United Press:
LANSING. Mich. May 10-water
untreated with chlorine caused los
deaths in Alpena, Mich, DR.. r. VI.
Olin. state health commissioner. an
nounced today.
An official report TO DR.. Olin from
Albert II. Jewell, assistant state sani-
tary engineer, showed the date when
the supply was exhausted and stated
that nobody was notified OF the con-
dition until March 3. A supply was
received March S but by that time
the damage had been done. One
hundred and six persons have died
20 date from the effects Of the un-
treated water, Olin said.