The evening world., 1920-10-08


and the Monroe Doctrine.
ouestion-What provisions ore
contained N the Covenant Of the
League TO bring dbOut Open 1ust
and honorable relations between
notionS' az declared tn the pre-
aplbls 20 Be one Of the puTposas
Of TIE LeaOne1
Anniversaries from the inter
change Of information concerning
armaments ARTICLE 81, the fohoWing
provisions are made;
"a Putting an end 20 secret de
pIomaoy and substituting open d.
plomacy and publicity. article Isl
(2) The reconsideration o. existing
treaties which do not longer apply 10
exlstlng conditions. article lol
(S) AbroEatinE (making voidl all
treaties Inconsistent with the Cove
nant. ARTICLE 20)
90 Agreeing TO make no treaties
hereafter Inconsistent with the Cove
nRnt
o.-Hoto u secret diDIomooy 70
b. aboltshedf
A.-By putting an end 20 secret
treaties.
Every convention or international
engagement entered into hencefor-
ward by any member Of the Leagus
shall be forthwith registered with the
secretariat and shall as soon AZ pos
slble be published by H. No suoh
treaty or international engagement
shall be binding until 90 registered
a rtiCle ISL
The making Of secret treaties has
been a prolific cause OF suspicion
among and friction between nations
o-Whtoh BODY Of the Lod0ue
deals 10Th the revtstOB 81 eEtsttng
tveufies1
A-The Assembly, which may Ad-
wise reconsideration OF treaties which
have become inapplichble. (Article
! 49,
Under mis- Article the Assembly
may also advise the consideration or
international conditions. OF which the
continuance might endanBer the peace
OF the world. This gives the Assem-
bly, a wide latitude as a peacemAker'
OIL members Of tAs Lea0us
nsto hdVe treaties OF d0TecmeHts
, tnconststent iCith the Covenant OF
the LedgSs hotD tDtH they " dbro-
0otedf (ulods votdJ
A-They are automatically abro-
gated inter 30 (among themaelves) BY
the Covenant The members OF the
will not hereafter enter into any en-
gagements inconsistent with the terms
OF the Covenant II they have under
taken obligations before becoming
members II becomes thEJ duty TO
take Immediate steps TO procure re-
lease from ali such obligations. (Aru-
Gle 2OJ
do the terms Of the CoUc-
nant apply TO treaties Of arbitra-
tton or Understandings for sechT-
ing the maintenance Of pedcer
A.-No. such treaties and UNDER
standings are specifically excluded,
because arbitration ana the main =,
teuance OF peace are fundamental
principles and policies OF the League.
do the terms Of the CoUe-
Hant apply 70 the Monroe Dec
tFfneG
A-No. When the Covenant was
drafted some persons contended that
n abrogated the Monroe Doctrine.
and IN order that there could be
no ground for controversy over the
matter Article q was adopted. which
reads: Nothing in this Covenant
shall be deemed TO arect the validity
of international engagements such az
treaties OF arbitration or regional IN
derstandinEs like the Monroe Doctrine
for securing the maintenance OF
The Covenant not only ofnciAlly
3 | recognizes the Monroe Doctrine, but
recognizes Il as ian understanding for
securing the maintenance OF peace.
O.-Was the Monroe DOcfrtns
eUer before recognized bH Euro
pedH p0tnersf
; A.-No. This Is the FIRST ofnciai
I recognition OF the Monroe Doctrine by
I any European power or powers
! o.-WhGt - the Monroe Doc
triHef
5 A.-The declaration OF President
: Monroe, known as the Monroe Doc
I trine IL contained In message by
him TO the Congress OF the United
; States Dec. 2. 1S2a The exact words
! are as follows:
! we owe II. therefore, TO candor
I and to the amicable relations exist
: Ing between the United States and
} those powers European pOwers), u
: declare that we should consider any
attempt on their part TO extend their
T" system 20 any portion OF this hem
isphere as dangerous to our peace and
safety. With the existing colonies or
ldependencieh OF any European power
we have not interfered, and shall not
interfere But with the Governments
who have declared their independence
and maintained IT, and whose indie
pendence we have, on great consid-
GRAFTON and on just principles, &C
knowledged, we could not view any
lnterposltion for the purpose OF op-
pressing them, or controlling In any
other manner their destiny, by any
European power. In any other light
than as the manifestation OF an I'M
friendly disposition toward the United
States"
In other words, we guaranteed the
sovereignty and independence OF the
Latin American Republics, juHtI as
Article 10 guarantees the sovereignty
and Independence OF all nations In the
League OF Nations.
. Q.-HCS the Monroe DOotrta6
! proved TO be an understanding foT
, the maintenance Of pedCe1
Ayes. Since It's declaration the
United States has not been compelled
; TO are a shot TO uphold II.
, 1.-THE merit statement tDiIl treat
. Of WdRddtOrteS for tUedk and small
y 0eOplcs freed ~ thS way