The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1920-04-22

connection with rescue work In mines.
Quite frequently miners are entombed
IN coal mines following explosions. and
these men may be located quickly and
accurately through the geophone. In
metal mines also, where men may be
imprisoned behind falls or be barricad-
ed In some part Of the mine TO which
they have retreated In order to protect
themselves from the fumes OF fire
these. too. may he rescued through
prompt location.
When the bureau first began Its ex-
periments with the geophone, II was
questionable whether the instrument
could hear sounds far enough away TO
make II practicable. The experiments
show that sounds can be detected
through the earth q distance Of 1900
feet In the mined-out area In coal
mine, through solid coal 1000 feet. and
through solid rock half mile.
The -geophone. according TO the bu-
reau Of mines. Is also Of great practi-
cal value in metal mines where two
In spite Of ms correct surveying as Is
possible. the two tunnel headings fail
to come together. just recently bu-
reau Of mines engineers we're In mine
where the two ends VI the tunnel
failed to meet and the geophones. To-
eating the error showed the miners
the right direction.
Observations with the geophone
have also been made ut mines which
were on fire. where II was found that
the fire made noise enough TO be .eard
some distance. either because Of Its
drawing air or the breaking of Of bits
Of coal and slate The geophone by
thus locating the fire gives Information
which may enable the mine manage
ment to erect fire-stoppilg devices In
the proper places or to make a direct
attack on the fire
Detects Leaks In Mains.
II Is also the custom In some mining
localities to drill hole from the sur
face into a mine TO carry pipe lines or
cables. Oftentimes these drill holes do
not go to the right places and 1t is with
considerable difficulty and expense
that tunnels are driven to meet the
drill hole. With the aid of the geo.
phone the drills can be guided better.
especially since drilling can be detect
ed for nearly a mile.
Very satisfactory results have been
obtained In attempts made to locate
leaks In water mains. The water cir
culatlng In the ordinary city main can
be heard with the geophones when they
are placed on the surface, ten to twelve
feet above the pipe. In the business
district of Pittsburgh one leak was To-
Gated within a few minutes. although
the water department had been trying
TO find IL for two weeks.
The announcement that President
Wilson has taken a home for the sum
mer at Woods Hole. a coast village in
massachusetts,. is reminder that
the government has never taken
up seriously the question of pro-
viding dwelling place outside
the national capital for its presidents.
although the subject has frequently
been approached. In this respect the
United States is behind the other great
countries of the world. Most rulers,
as is well known, have the privilege
of choosing from three to six or more
places of residence. No one has ever
suggested that this country should go
TO such an extravaganza, but a great
many persons do feel and so express
themselves that the United States
should provide a summer home for the
president away from the seat of gov
eminent.
The chief argument perhaps In
favor of the government buying an
out-of-town home for the chief execu-
tive is that Washington is not a de-
sirable place of residence during the
summer. With few exceptions. and
President Wilson Is one of these ex-
ceptions. presidents have always found
II necessary to get away from the cap
ital during the summer months.
President Wilson. through force of
circumstances. has been compelled to
spend practically the whole of every
summer during the seven years he has
been In office in the White House.
What he would have done had not the
war tied him down here no one would
venture 10 say. All that is TO be said
is that he had stuck TO his job regard
less of the weather and some people
are of the opinion that he is now pay
ing for this devotion to duty. -
Little Time for Rest.
In the earlier part of his admins
tration President Wilson made some
effort to break away from Washing.
ton during the summers. but he never
really succeeded. In the summer Of
1916 he took a summer home over on
the coast of New Jersey and was there
a short time He also leased sum-
mer home in New Hampshire for one
summer and was able TO spend al
most two months up there. but public
business forced his return to the
White House. The public will natur-
ally wish him restful summer at
Woods Hole.
Since Cleyeland's time every presi-
dent has had the yacht Mayfiower M