The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-10-03
NINE WARS0N;;
VAST SUMS USED
FOR ARMAMENT
Forces on 10 Fronts, 4 Areas
in Dispute, Z Civil Wars
On or Impending.
NATIONS IN TURMOIL
Military Programmes Add
to Observation-Disclosures
ment Hopes Vanish.
FACTS KILL ASSURANCES
Present Conflicts and General
Outlook Demonstrate Fail
ure of Covenant.
FACTS KILL ASSURANCES
specsau psspaten to TIE HEaALp.

anniversary of the signing of the
armistice in the great world war will
follow on the heels OF the day when
the American people will register at
the polls their decision on the League
Of Nations covenant. For more than
a year the nations signatory to the
pact have been functioning as men,
bers of the league.
What has been accomplished toward
realization of the promise held out
by advocates Of the league as to ces-
sation of wars. disarmament and re-
duction in the burdens OF taxation
upon the nationals of these and other
countries?
These are questions of vast signifl-
canoe. To answer them n summary
has been prepared for THE HERALD by
experts connected with different de-
partments of the Government based
on the latest Information which these
departments have received from prac-
tically all Of the nations of the earth.
This summary answers the question
as to world peace and disarmament
Nine Active Wars In Progress.
There are nine active wars in progress
between the nationals of more than
eighteen different countries. There are
nineteen International fronts strongly
& held. without present fighting, IL Is true
but under conditions that inspire mill
tary observers with the fear of an out
burst of war at almost any time. In
addition there are four other interna-
tional areas described in military ter
mlnoloRy as 'acutely sensitive AS to
civil war. 1t exists or impends in seven
different countries.
Particuarlixing on the nine active
wars now In progress, they include the
following
The Bolsheviki are fighting the Poles
on a front extending from Lithuania to
the Ukraine, the Poles having total
of more than $4,000 men engaged. and
the Bolshevists with an army var!ously
estimated at from 100000 to 1000, 900
by conservative counts. Popular reports
place the number of the Red forces at
much higher levels.
Greeks and Turks are In deadly COM
bat on the so-called Nationalist front.
800. 900 men are involved, of which the
Grecian army Is 10000 and the Turks
150. 900. with large reserves behind both
armies.
on the British Turkish Nationalist
front at Ismd and the Sea of Marmora
the British have had as high as $4,000
men, exclusive OF those in Constanti-
nople. These are now being Withdrawn
for service in Mesopotamia, but there is
attn vicious fighting in this territory
The Greeks are expected to come in to
relieve the departing British forces.
rirhting I'm south China.
In southern China war Is In progress
between the provinces of Yu-Nan and
Kwang- Tung. where It is estimated that
about zoo. 900 fighting men are struggling
for mastery.
Cen. Wrangel has about 10000 loyal
pussians fighting the Bolsheviki in his
front north of Crimea. with as many
more electives In reserve. The Boil
sheyiki are opposing him with an army
conservatively estimated at $4,000.
The T,ithuanians and the Poles are de.
fving each other with prospects Of much
tarrer engagements There are $4,000
Ty,thuanians now In actual fighting
against about $4,000 Poles. the Poles
standing ready to divert larger army
from their Bolshevik front whenever It
seems necessary.
The British in Mesopotamia are en-
ragged in a war more expensive and more
exhausting than the South African war.
Fighting Is said to be general throughout
the country. and the number OF tribes
men in arms has been officially esti-
mated at some $4,000 men. The British,
II Is said. are sending In their troops
from Turkey. and now have about TO-
600 white soldiers and 10000 Indian
colonials on the fighting line.
The French have their hands full in
Asia Minor with the Turks and Arabs.
The French army Of the Levant numbers
about "a, 900 men, the minimum strength
OF their opponents being 10000. with a
large number of reserves to draw upon.
The Italians are fighting the Turks In
Asia Minor alSo. holding a line that runs
from Adalia along the southern and east
ern shore of the Mediterranean to Sokia.
with an army of 5000 electives. The
Turks oppose them with n large force
and also have the assistance OF the
Arabs.
Armed Forces ON no Fronts.
There are nineteen fronts. strongly held
by the armed forces of various nstione.
where the hghting cannot now be do
soribed as active, but where battle mny
be Joined In the future. These fronts
arc
That held by the Belgian British
American French army of occupation on
the Rhine. the italian Jugo-Slav front
east of the Adriatic. DAnnunzios at
rI,rme. the Rumanian- Hungarian west
of Transylvania. the Czecho-Slovak-
Hungarian in Slovakia. the Jugo -Siav-
Hungarian In and west OF Banat, the
Geek -Bulgar front In Thracc. the
creek Turkish front in Thrace. the
Jugo-slav-Albenian front the Jugo- -Slav-
Isunanian front. the Rumnnian- Boil
shevik. the Greek Albanian. the Geor-
sian- Armenian. the Azarbaij nnese-Ar-
nenian, the Afghanistan Indian, tho
gyrian-Turkish, the Japanese-Siberian.