New-York tribune., 1920-02-21

during his third Arctic venture, in
1894. One was that of the interesting
tribe of Gskimos known as Arctic High
landers, dwelling between Cape York
and Smith Sound, who to that time had
5een known only by vague tradition
His chronological researches among
hem were of the most thorough de-
5crlptlon and We're the most valuable
aver undertaken in that part Of the
World. They added much to the store
II human knowledge of that interesting
branch of the race.
The other discovery was that Of the
amous Iron Mountain, Of which Ross
mad heard rumors in 1918. To reach
MS spot he made an arduous journey
across the Greenland ice cap to 1nde-
2endence Bay and thence, led by
eskimo guides, to Cape York and the
mysterious 'mountain." This proved
10 con ist of three large metallic
meteorites, one Of which, weighing
ninety tons, was the largest ever found.
He had to leave them there for the
'ime, with little fear Of their being
stolen. But in the summers of 1896
thithcr and brought the huge iron
tones away. They were presented by
him to the American Museum of Nat
ural History, in New York, where they
now reDose.
Aiming for the Pole
These achievements, ranking among
he most important of the time in Polar
exploration, would alone have entitled
am to fame and might we'll have salts
ned great ambition. They caused
hlm, stlll young man, in effect to saw:
II have not yet begun to explore"
They inspired him, in brief, with an
ndomltable determination to reach the
North Fole.
To that end his studies and efforts
We're thereafter directed. His friends
had faith in his ability to achieve the
ieat. and for its facilitation organized
he Peary Arctic Club of New York.
Under the auspices of this club he was
sent sent north again for four years, 1898
l9O2. In that great adventure he sue
ceeded for the first time in rounding
the northern extremity of Greenland,
or of the Greenland Archipelago, the
furthest north of the great Arctic land
groups ne extreme northern point,
the most northerly land known, he
named for one of the chief patrons of
the expedition, Cape Morris K. Jesup.
1t lies in latitude S3 degrees 80 minutes
north. The highest latitude attained
by him on this excursion was 81 de-
grees II minutes north, the highest
that had to that time ever been reached
IN the Western Hemisphere.
This was in the spring of 1902. He
had been nearly four wears in the
Arctic regions, and had started from
Cape Hecla, on the north coast of
Grant Land, in desperate dash to the
Pole. 1t was a gallant venture, but it
Iailed. The ice pack was treacherous;
the weather was atrocous. Both his
hoJ
to be partly amputated. Bitter as was
the disappointment. he had to abandon
the effort and turn back. For the only
time in his life he lost hope and cour-
age. "Tho game is off" he wrote in
his diary. My dreams Of sixteen
wears is ended. | have made the best
tight | knew. l believe it was good
one. But l cannot accomplish the I'M
possible"
He started back defeated and de-
spondent. But before he had com
peted his homeward voyage, with the
approach to civilization, his courage
rose again, and he began to make plans
for another venture. The Peary Arctic
Club never wavered in its faith in him
and at once set to work to provide him
with vessel that would defy the ice
pack and bear him to his goal. The
result was the almost incredibly
stanch little steamer we'll named the
Roosevelt, on which one cloudless Sun
day afternoon in July, 1906, he and his
company quietly slipped out Of New
\ ork Harbor and headed for the North
Pole; He did not get there. But he did
reach a higher latitude than ever be-
fore, 81 degrees minutes. and ot
htah he got in touch with loyal and
efficient natives, who were destined TO
be of indispensable value to him IN
october, 1906, he returned; not de-
feated, but resolute and confident 10
had learned the way, he had obtained
the equipment and there remained
nothing but the final effort,
July 6, 1908, was the date Of the be-
ginning of the end On that dav tho
Rooseyelt second time steamed out ~
New York Harbor and steered for tho
frozen North. Robert A. Bartlett wac
the sailing master, George A. Ward
we'll was chief engineer, j. W. Good
Seil was surgeon, Ross G. Marvin. Dor
ald q. MacMillen. George Borup and
Matthew A. Hensen were assistants
Hyyery equipment which science conld
ord was provided. At Etah at MAJ
Gordon &Dilworth