The spectator., 1920-10-12

who had never given u thought to su- gar, except at the table for theii lea or coffee. began dabbing in the mar ket They sent their representatives to Cuba and purchased direct from the planters. Then they arranged with the refiners to refine the raw product. paying so much pound for the refin-. ing, the title to the sugar always re- maining with the spectators.
 Situation Was Fictitious.
 As result of all this there was created fictitious and panicky sltu- ation. The American consumer. as usual. was the sufferer. He paid the price for this sort of business.
 It Is insisted by the. government au- thorities that there is only one way the price of sugar can be held up, and that is for the speculator 10 obtain an- other strangle- hold. There seems to be small probability of the spectators again getting the upper hand.
 The crop reporting board of the de- nartment of agriculture has just com pleted an investigation as to the stocks of sugar on hand in the various states. The board says that this inquiry shows there is larger supply of sugar on hand today than ever in the history of the country"
 Reports from Cuba. Hawaii and else where show that their crops. plus the home crop of beet and cane sugar. break all records. According to the crop reporting board, the present su- gar supply Is 15 per cent greater than ever before
 Record-breaking prices have stimu- lated sugar planting with the result that more acreage is devoted to the crop to be harvested this fall and winter than ever before. The depart ment of agriculture forecasts S,32o.- GOO tons of beet sugar for the United States this year against 1919 produc- tion of 6.421 ,0O0 tons. an estimated in- crease of 2,5o0.0OO tons in the United States alone.
 Cane sugar producers also have 'n- creased their acreage from 4Sl 900 last year to 553. 300 this year.
 The Louisiana crop Is now estimated at 356. .000. GOO pounds of sugar Tor i92o against 242.0o0,000. pounds for 1913. Cuban planters have doubled their acreage since the war, the department of agriculture is informed. European production Is also being increased. especially in Belgium and in Austria.
 So il appears that housewives trou- bles over sugar are about to come to an end.
 Organizing the New Army.
 The new army of the United States is being rapidly organized in accordance with the provisions of the net of June 1, 1920. The new districts are officially known as corps. areas and replace tEe six departments which had been established since i9io' These areas are organized not only with respect to the military population composed within their boundaries. but also with reference to supplementins the military defense of the coast lines. The next step in the general plan or organization will be the development of oae effective, well balanced army.
 The national defense act, as amend ed, contemplates an army of three CO., ordinared components, namely, me regular army, the National Guard aud the organized reserves: organized in peace time so as to include all of those divisions and other military or ganizations necessary to form the basis for complete and immediate mobili- zation for the national defense in tho event of n national emergency. flans in process of construction by the war department involve the individual de- velopment of each of the three, and their effective fusing, one with the other, and with the army as a whole. Each component will have n fixed mis- sion and m equally important role. The development of each mvst be assured without competition that will adverse ly affect the others.
 Their Respective Roles.
 The regular army is 10 garrison our overseas possessions, the coast fort resses and other stations necessary to be maintained in the United States; to provide personnel to assist in the train ing of the National Guard and organ ized reserves; to provide the personnel necessary for the administration of the army and the organization of an ade- Quate and effective force which will he instantly available for emergencies within the United States or elsewhere, and which In peace time will serve as n model Tor the organization. dis cipline and training O. the active and a.mi-nctive military forces of the na- tion.
 The ultimate strength of the regular army. under present law. will be ap- proximntely S0o,000 officers and enlist ed men.
 Tn" National Guard Is to provide in time of peace an adequate and effec- tive force. available in minor emergen- cies for employment by the states of the United States: in time of war to provide an adequate. balanced and eff fective component of the army of the