davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

often with the slrup In the dish. Re
move to the oven and brown. Chill,
serve with sugar and cream. For the
four tnblespoonfuls of sugar and one
half teaspoonful OF navoring extract.
Scrambled Eggs With corn.-Take
one cupfui OF fresh grated corn, three
eggs. one cupful OF milk. one table
spoonful OF finely minced green pep
per. one tablespoonful OF butter and
one-half teaspoonful CT salt. Put the
corn, pepper and half the milk In a
saucepan and cook five minutes Beat
the eggs and half n cupful OF milk to-
gethcr. add to the corn and cook slow
ly. stirring constantly until set. Add
butter, salt and serve on slices of but
tered toast.
DevIled Oysters.-Take two dozen
oysters, one cupful of cracker crumbs,
one tablespoonful each of catsup and
Worcestershire sauce, one small onion,
one tablespoonful Of butter, salt and
pepper rs required; saute the chopped
onion In the butter, chop oysters fine
and turn into the onion. Stew ten
minutes. add three eggs and the other
ingredients and stir until of the con-
.sistency OF scrambled eggs.
Sauce Henrlette.-wash one-hali
cupfuI OF butter and divide into three
parts Put one piece In a saucepan
with the yoIks OF three eggs slightly
beaten and mixed with one-half table
spoonful of lemon juice and one table
spoonful OF water. Set the saucepan
Into n larger one OF hot water. place
over the fire and stir constantly until
the butter Is melted. Add second
piece of butter and when melted the
thir,l piece. then add two tablespoon
fnls OF tomato puree. one OF worces
tershire sauce. one-half tablespoonful
OF parsley, one-half teaspoonfui Of
minced parsley. one-half teaspoonfu
OF salt and a dash of cayenne. Thil
sauce should be perfectly smooth ant
Of the consistency OF a boiled custard
To prepare the tomato puree cook
cupful OF tomato until thick. reduce I,
three tablespoonfuls. then put through
a sieve.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

certain shipments. so that each ship
per having products Of the same grade
will receive the same price. Failure
to adopt the pooling principle may re-
suls In injustice TO some of the mem-
bars, as experience has proved more
than once. Conditions and practices
in grain marketing make the outright
purchase OF members products feas-
lblc. but this Goes not usually apply
to organizations handling other com
moditles
Form OF Organization.
Farmers cooperative marketing as
sociations are formed with capital
stock or formed on the nonstock plan.
Both forms have favorable features
glad 20 explain TO any Interested per-
son. Another matter to which careful
attention should be given is the proper
financing of cooperative project.
The bylaws of the association should
be palnstnklngly drawn and should be
thoroughly discussed by the member
ship so that there will be no mlsunder-
standing later. The question OF incor-
poratlon will also have to be decided.
While Incorporation Is not necessary,
in most cases II is considered advis-
able. Unfortunately the state laws
for bodies Of the character here dis
cussed are far from uniform, some OF
them making no provision for CO.
eratlye associations.
The above paragraphs serve only TO
suggest some OF the principal prob
lens that have TO be considered In
forming n cooperative enterprise. Per
sons wishing to investigate this matter
further will find II profitable to COM
munlcate with the United States de-
partment of agriculture, which VIII
supply them with literature contain
ing n full discussion of these and re-
lated questions.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
WELCOME SOURCE OF
PIN MONEY IN SUMAC
Many Tons Of 1t Allowed to Go to
Waste Each Year.
Plant Can Be Gathered and Cured Any
Time During Summer and Mar
keted Whenever Convenient
Bonus Given for Leaves.

The demand by manufacturers for
American sumac this season totals
500 to 700 carloads, or from 5000 to
1000 tons. according to information
received by the United States depart
ment of agriculture The price ranges
around 81 hundred pounds for sumac
delivered at the shipping point or at
the extract factory.
Country people should find a ready
market this year for all the sumac
they can gather. Being wild plant,
sumac costs nothing to raise, and the
many tons of II allowed to remain un-
gathered each year can be readily
turned into profit The sumac season
lasts about three months. Unlike
berry aud other crops, sumac does not
have TO be harvested all at once. II
can be gathered and cured from time
to time throughout the summer and
marketed when large enough quanu'
ties have been collected.
In addition to Offering higher prices
this year, several manufacturers are
willing to pay bonuses for sufficient
quantities OF clean, bright, well-cured
sumac leaves containing not more
than 10 per cent of stalk. BY proper
ly gathering and curing the sumac, the.
gatherer can make more money and
will help to establish more firmly the
domestic sumac industry, which
through development and expansion
should provide welcome source OF
income and employment in normal
times.
Gather only the black or dwarf
sumnc, which can be easily dlstin-
gulshed from the other varieties by
the peculiar wing growth along the
leaf stems and by the brittle, black
specked stalk. In some sections the
white sumac Is also gathered. but II
generally brings lower price, as all
manufacturers prefer the black va
riety. Harvest during July. August
and September. Break the sumac stalk
Off close up TO the leaves just under
the lowest leaf stem, or, better yet,
gather only the leaves and leaf stems,
DO not collect long bare stalks, ms this
| pTOuUCtS low -SIuut, lpW-nIlCtu Sullu''
Cured sumac ready for market should
contain very little stalk, never over %
per cent. II n good bit of stalk has
been gathered with the sumac II can
be easily removed by tlailing and fork
Ing out after the sumac has been
cured and is ready for bagging. Dc
not gather red or yellow leaves, OF
berries and bloom. The bloom will
ruin good sumac. AS soon as the
sumac has been gathered, place II In
the shade or under cover. Exposure
to the sum for an hour or two may dc
no harm, but the pulled sumac should
never be left all day In the sun. as II
will quickly scald and be ruined In
color. Never let the gathered oil
cured sumac become wet from either
dew or rain. AT the end of the days
gathering, haul or carry the sumac tC
a barn or cover. Spread II on clear
floor or on sacks in layers not ovel
iIa feet deep and turn II once or twlc,
n day until thoroughly dry and crisp
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

food, simple pleasures and simple
clothes. II we all pull together we
may hope to help conditions. The
consumer must help to see that the
farmer gets reasonable prices for his
products and he must endeavor TO help
The government to protect the con-
sumer from the extortion of unscrupu-
lous spectators. The great hu, and
cry OF the people that the farmer is
profiteering would cease " those who
make II understood the real fact that
the farmer is the poorest paid worker
In this country; he averages IL cents
an hour. When the farmer strikes
and refuses TO sell or produce except
for his own use we may appreciate
something of the burden he has borne.
Food carefully served, nicely pre-
pared and garnished is much more ap-
petizing than carelessly prepared food
and thus there is less waste. Sauces,
seasonlngs and various garnlshcs are
important food adjuncts.
One need not be niggardly or par.
simonious In serving food. The chill
dren should have plenty of plain food
and a growing boy or girl needs as
much as an adult. The following sug-
gestions were given us during the war.
but they are as necessary now with
nearly everything higher in price than
two years ago:
Pack eggs before the fall prices
make such packing too expensive. The
sterile egg keeps much better than the
fertile. In some states the splendid
custom of having cockerel day and
killing Off all surplus stock is one to
be recommended to every state In the
Union. Eggs packed In one part of
water-glass to ten parts of water will
keep indefinitely. Boil the water. cool
1t. add the water-glass. Thirty or .orty
cents worth will cover "a dozen eggs.
Don't order more perlshable foods
than can be wisely used. Plan meals
ahead to avoid waste and by order
Ing ahead 1t helps you, the butcher
and the groceryman.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
MINNESOTA BOY KNOWS PIGS
Fifteen-Year-oId Member Of Pig Club
Has Been Taken Into Partner
ship by Father.

The firm of ]. Kasper & Son, farm
ers, is located in Medford, MINI. The
junior member of the firm, Yaldimore
Kasper, is IS years old. He has been
a member Of one of the pig clubs or
ganized by the United States. depart
ment of agriculture and the State col
lege for two years and knows a good
pig when he sees one. His father.
like many wise fathers nowadays, has
taken his son into partnership with
him. The old idea of father keep
ing all authority entirely In his own
hands until he dies or Is forced by
illness to turn 1t over to some one else
is slowly becoming thing of the
past. Farm fathers are awakening to
the fact that IL they want boy to be
contented and to stay on the farm.
they can easily do II by giving him
a share of its responsibilities and
profits. as well as share OF the
work.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
JOINTWORM FLIES DO
MUCH HARM 70 WHEAT
Toll of I to 5 Bushels Per Acre
Exacted by Pests.
Experiments Show That Flowing Un-
der stubbIe Is Effective Means Of
Combating Insects - Other
Worms Are InJurious

Insects to which farmers as well as
scientists have given comparatively lit
tie attention. but which constitute a Sc
rious menace to crops, are the joint
worm flies. One reason for popular In
difference to these flies Is that para
sites have usually kept down their
number and only occasionally have
they been able to multiply sufficiently
to cause serious destruction. Though
the wheat Jointworm has been viewed
with degree Of indifference, It often
exacts a toll Of from one to five BUSH
els per acre. II 1t had not been for
the parasites which attack this joint
worm. farmers In the eastern states
would long since have been forced to
abandon wheat growing entirely.
According to entomologlsts Of the
United States department of agricul-
ture, the menace Is serious enough to
call for more definite protective meas
ures than have been practiced. Exper-
iments indicate that plowing under
the stubble is an effective means of
combating these insects. This de-
stroys all of the insects If all of the
infested stubble could be completely
buried. but this is practically impossi-
BILE. Nevertheless, 1t serves as an ef-
fectiye means of control. While such
method would necessitate change
In the rotation Of crops where wheat
is used as nurse crop for clover, mill
lions of dollars could be saved annu-
ally If It should be adopted, In the
opinion of experts.
IL the crop rotation were changed
and the stubble plowed under, II would
suppress not only the joint worm, but
also the Hessian fly, and thus two of
the major insect pests of wheat would
be largely shorn of their power 70
harm our most valuable bread grain.
The barley joint worm, the rye joiRt
worm, and the rye straw worm un-
doubtedly could be controlled In the
same manner, IL necessary. The wheat
straw worm is very easy to control.
Since one generation is almost wing
less 1t Is only necessary to keep down
all volunteer wheat arh never plant
wheat nearer than 40 to 80 yards to in
tested stubble. This allows wide mar
gin of safety, since these insects do
not travel more than IL to 10 feet, II
Is believed.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

slice them, roll the pieces In flour and
fry them In hot fat. Place the hearts
In heated casserole. add to the fat
In the pan cupfui of water or stock,
a minced ,lmento, teaspoonful OF
salt and half % bay leaf. Pour the
mixture over the hearts anG cook two
hours. Five minutes before serving
add the slices Of bacon.
Braised Calls Liver.-Make small
Sits with knife In the liver and In
sert minced onion and slices of bacon,
using one orion and two ounces of
bacon to two pounds of liver. Brown
fat and flour, three tablespoonfuls
each, add liver and roll until well
scared In the fnt and flour. Place In
a hot casserole. add sliced carrot,
bit Of bay leaf, salt. one-half cupful
OF strained tomato, cupful of hot
water or stock and bake two and one
half hours.
nlps, squash, or caulillower into small
pieces and cook in sulted water until
tender. Drain. place in a casserole with
two minced green peppers, table
spoonful of butter and one-half cup
ful OF cream or rich milk. Bake In a
moderate oven fifteen minutes. Then
pour over n cream sauce. add a layer
OF buttered crumbs and cook uncov-
cred until the crumbs are brown
Kidney en- Casserole. sleeps
kidneys, skin. dip into mixture of
minced parsley. onion and thyme.
Add tablespoonful of -four, cayenne
and salt to taste. Add two table
spoonfuls OF butter and cook in a
casserole for thirty minutes. Remove,
pour over cupful of clear stock
mixed with tablespoonful each of
-four and butter; cover with buttered
crumbs and bake one hour. When
ready to serve put several tablespoons
fuls OF cooked rice In the casserole
around the kidneys with rolls of crisp
bacon. Serve with toast.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
HIGHER VALUE OF PUREBReDs
Shown Most coneIusiveIy by Persons
Who Are Diseardino Inferior
Stock Of All Kinds.

Purebred slres, so; purebred fe-
males, ia; crossbred females, 1852;
grade females. 700; scrubs, none.
This is the breeding of live stock ON
a Florida ranch just enrolled in the
Better Sires-Better Stock" move
ment. The figures represent cattle,
horses, swine, sheep, goats, and poul-
try. There Is noticeable tendency,
the United States department of agri-
culture states, for persons who use
purebred sires to acquire considera-
BILE number Of purebred female stock
also.
Tie value Of domestic animals of
impraved breeding Is shown most con-
cl'isively perhaps by the rapIdlty with
which persons who keep some good
and some inferior live stock dispose
Of the latter. The case mentio,.ed is
believed to be typical of this tendency.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

sort than one. which produces little
OF several different products. One ad-
vantage of Joint effort arises from the
handling Of relatively large quantities.
Unfortunately some groups OF farmers
have tried to form marketing assocla-
tlons without having n sufficient vol
ume of business and they have failed.
Loyalty to Cooperative Idea.
II the existing marketing agencies
In the communlty-whether for grain,
wool, fruit, garden produce, or what
ever the line contemplated for CO.
operative selling-are efficient and rea-
scnably adequate. and II the farmers
in the community feel that they are
being served satisfactorily by these
private concerns II Is doubtful II CO
operative organization will succeed.
But II the existing private agencies
are Inadequate and II the farmers can
be made to see the saving that will
result to nll concerned " they unite
heartily In an association, then there
is a good chance of winning. But the
cooperative principle must be adhered
20. Members of an organization sup
posed 10 be cooperative cannot be ex-
pected to have vital interest In n
project which Is really operated for
the profit OF and controlled by n few
individuals.
Many persons do not have a clearly
defined idea of what cooperative
organization Is. The term "co-opera-
tive" Is often used rather loosely.
Where concern is operated for the
profit of the persons investing capital
in II and seeking dividends on its cap
ital the undertaking Is nonco-opera-
tive. On the other hand. in n CO.
operative marketing or selling organi-
cation each member usually has one
vote lin homeopathic concern the
votes are In accord with the money In
yested) so that one or few members
win not control Its operations. II Is
conducted TO render service and effect
savings for the members and not TO
earn profRs for distribution as divi-
dends on the money invested. To be
sure, a fair rate of interest is granted
20 capital invested by the members
and the balance OF any surplus TO be
distributed is divided in accordance
with patronage; that is, the amount OF
business transacted with the organiza.
tion.
Essentials TO Success.
Contracts between the members and
the organization whereby they agree
to market certain products through II
are vitality important In many in
stances, especially In the case OF asso
Citations handling perishable products
The Michigan Potato Growers ex
change, the California Fruit Growers
exchange and many other successful
organizations follow this plan.
The pooling of products sold through
the organization is also an important
feature. BY pooling Is meant averag
ing the returns received for products
sold during certain period, or fol
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

mass. and II is well to mix with 1t
some cornmeal, bron, or other ground
grain until the whole mass assumes
a crumbly condition. The usual meth
cd is to feed the table scraps at noon
or at night, or at both times, as may
be desired, In trough or on a board.
All should be fed that the hens will
eat up clean. Feed not eaten after
0ne-half or three-quarters of an hour
should be removed. II allowed to re-
main II may spoil and will be very bad
for the hens.
Well to Feed Grain Also.
With the table scraps this may be
given best as light feed In the morn
ing. Four or five handfuls of grain
(about half pinD scattered in the lit
ter, will be sufficient for flock of 20
to 25 hens. If not enough good.
sound, substantial table scraps are
available TO furnish full feeds both at
noon and at night, another feed of the
grain mixture should be given at the
night feed and should consist of as
much as the hens will eat up clean.
A good grain mixture for this purpose
is composed of equal parts by weight
OF wheat. cracked corn. and oats. An
other suitable grain mixture is CON-
posed of two parts by weight of crack
ed corn and one part oats.
In addition to the grain and the ta-
BILE scraps II is well to feed dry
mash. This dry mash is composed of
various ground grains and is placed in
a mash hopper or box from which the
hens can help themselves. The ad.
vantage OF feeding such mash Is
that the hens always have access u
feed. and this tends to make up eoi
any faulty. inexperienced, or Insult.
cient feeding.
The hens should have access at all
times TO supply of grit or stones OF
size small enough to be swallowed
readily. supply OF ordinary gravel
will answer the purpose of grit very
well. Crushed oyster or clam shell
also should be given to the hens and
be kept before them at all times. II
this is withheld the hens are likely Il
lack sufficient shell-forming material
In their feed, with the result that they
lay many soft-shelled or thin-shellec
eggs.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

when about two years old. which are
fermented to make the stripping
easier. Cnssia buds are the undevel-
crop of both cinnamon and cassia are
harvested from May to November. Be
cause of the warm cordial effect of
cinnamon. tea made from II is used
for collie and nausea.
Chicken fat Is a most tasty fat; ev.
cry spoonful should be saved.
The vanilla bean is contained In the
pod or fruit of one OF the orchids, a
vine with spikes of large fragrant
flowers. This plant is native TO Mex
leo. South America and Asia. The
flavor Is so generally liked that the
demand far exceeds the supply and
other ilavors similar TO vanilla are
used, as 1t is becoming more and more
scarce.
In China the Canton ginger Is fa-
nous for confectlons and flavoring,
and is a great favorite in this country.
II comes In small jars or packed In
boxes as crystallized fruit.
The active principle of horseradish.
Its volatile oil, is identical with its
near relative. mustard. Horseradisb
while popularity considered merely a
condlment, Is used incidentally. 1t Is
so beneficial and stimulating TO the
digestive organs that II is often pre-
scribed as n tonic to create appetite
when general rundown condition
prevails. II Is considered an excellent
blood purifier and good for the kid,
neys. Mixed with honey 1t Is most
efficacious cough remedy.
Ginger and horseradlsh are the
chief representatives of the root stock
type. These roots are known ard
grown In both hemispheres. The Amer.
lean colonies inherited the old Dutch
and English uses of both for seasoning
meats. pickles and the ginger root In
preserves, sweetmeats, cakes and fol
medicinal uses.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
PQpRQYXNES

Sour milk, next to oats. is the most
important element in the growing
chicks ration.
II cockerel is caponized after four
months OF age, there Is danger Of
death from internal bleeding.
Separating the spring pullets from
the cockerels insures the pullets bet
ter chance to eat and grow.
-
The poultrynan who adopts sys-
tenn by which he Is able TO picK out
his profitable hens, Is the man who
makes the most money out Of the least
number of fowls.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
COOPERATION IS
CURE FOR EVILS
Marketing Organization Success
tuI Only When Formed on a
Sound Basis Of Service.
SUCCEED BY TEAMWORK ONLY
Characteristics and Makeup OF Local
Population Should BE Considered
In Formation Of Association
Other Essentials.

There Is no magic about co-opera-
tive marketing, although In hundreds
OF cases II has produced remarkable
results. Nor does II serve as cure
all for our present distribution prob
lens, though II has proved success
ful remedy for many present evils.
There are 1900 or more farmers CO.
operative buying and selling associa-
tions IN this country bearing testimony
TO the prncticabllIty of the co-opera-
tive principle, which is, In substance,
an economic adaptation OF the old po-
lltlcal slogan 'In union there is
strength"
department of agriculture that per-
sons interested in cooperative market
ing thoroughly understand the basis
of such organized effort and follow
the right methods. The bureau OF
markets of the department OF agricul-
ture. having made an extensive study
OF this subject. is prepared to advise
with any group of farmers who want
TO undertake buylng-or selling-co-
operatively. A number Of require
ments must be met before prospective
co-operators can succeed.
In the first place the characteristics
md makeup OF the local population
should be considered In the formation
Of cooperative marketing associa-
don. community which produces a
considerable quantity CT one product
or few products offers better oppor-
tunites for nm undertaking OF this
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

''Oh for n new generation of day
dreamers. They will not ask Is life
worth living-they will make II So
They will transform the sordid strug-
gle for existence into glorious effort
to become that which they have ad-
mlred and loved"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

prices for food,
so the W ! s Q
h c u s e W II e | s
making saving,
rat h er h a n
spending. her so
cial standard. We
must be content
ed with simple
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

Think truly and thy thought
Shall the worlds famine feed
Speak truly and each word OF thine
Shall be a fruitful seed:
Live truly and thy life shall be
A great and noble creed.
-Horatius Bonar.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11

Spiced Apple. - Wipe.
core and pare six large
apples and arrange them
In n baking dish. Mix
sugar, a pinch of salt
and cinnamon to taste to
hll the cavities. Add wa
ter and bake until the
apples are soft, basting
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-11
-zynGEMERAL
jEARM'lNOTES

Plow early for winter wheat.
Sweet clover makes the soil rich.
Take care of the moving machine.
Alfalfa is an exceedingly profitable
crop.