Gilpin observer., 1920-05-13
HANDLING auto
IS QUITE EASY
Little knowledge Of Component
Parts Will Bring It Back
All Right.
IGNORANCE CAUSES TROUBLE
Gasoline Mixed With Air, Compression
and Ignition Are Three Essentials
In Startina-Lubrication 10
important

Since the test of success long has
been not that fellow could start
something, but that he could finish 1t,
1t well may be said that one Is not an
accomplished mOtOrcar driver until he
can get back ON his own power, re-
gardless of what conditions he is up
against. Anyone can be tOwed back
If he has the price. There is little
fear of this for the driver Of an up
to-date car once he has learned the
simple things of operation. 1t Is ig'
norance which leads to trOuble-out-
, side of the movies.
It takes three things to start car,
gasoline mixed with air, compression
and ignition. and these must be con-
tinuous If the car is to keep running.
In addition there must bea system of
fabrication, system of cooling and
free exhaust. Now. this looks like
formidable list of things to master;
really it can be done even by child.
To begin with the first on the list,
for instance, it may be taken for
granted If the engine is started and
runs, that the carDuretor Is adjusted
properly and will stay so until human
fingers alter it; therefore the only
trouble in the gasoline supply would
be n failure to keep supply In the
tank or the stOppage Of the pipe line
by dirt, the remedy being obvious.
To Determine Compression.
Compression may be determined by
cranking over the engine by hand and
noticing the resistance of each cylin-
der In turn. Lack of compression may
come from leaEy valves which need
grinding in, lack of fabrication in the
| cylinder, since oil forms n seal be-
tween piston and cylinder walls: that
the piston rings were gummed and not
| functioning, or that there was leak
ut plugs, petcOcks, or If the cylinder
head be removable in its gasket. But
un engine will run with pretty poor
compression.
| Ignition is much more likely to be
mt fault than the other things men,
toned. The modern car with starting
system is quite complex thing so
far as Its electric plant is concerned,
for there Is the starting motor and
the generator, the storage battery,
timing device, possibly magnetic,
and an intricate system of wiring,
with cutont and regulator, ammeter,
lights, horn and maybe other devices
to give trouble. Barring broken wires,
loose terminals and dirty contact
points the troubles should be few. The
car instruction book gives u chart Of
wiring.
lubrieation 10 Important.
fabrication is perhaps the most Inn
portant feature of operation of the
motor. Without 1t the motor would
be ruined in II few minutes. Lubrica-
, tion means the placing Of film of
oil or grease between two moving
parts to reduce friction, and in the
cylinder It has the added Office Of
!, scaling for compression noted above.
The fabrication system may be force
feed, splash or circulating splash. The
latter Is the one most used. The oil
1 is carried In the bottom OF the crank
E case, called the sump, ut a level de
q termined by the manufactures. 1t IL
pumped up to Il dial on the dash
4, board where you may observe Its flow
nnd runs from there by gravity to tn,
oil troughs in the crank case, ant
possibly to some other mechanism
Narrow projections on the connecting
r rods dip into the oil in the troughi
, and splash 1t over the interior. Rapi,
; motion Of the parts produces sor
Of oil fog in the crank case. whicl
. deposits film Of oil upon parts wher
Il the splnsh does not reach. lubricatin
all moving parts sufficiently.