The evening world., 1920-02-09

according to the conscience or
judgment Of its then existing
Government, and in the United
States this advice can only be ac-
cepted by action Of the Congress
at the time in being, Congress
alone, under tho Constitution Of
the United States having the
power to declare war.
THAT in the case Of a dispute
between members of the League.
IL one of them have self goverao
ing colonies, domlnions. or parts
which have representation in the
Assembly, each and all are to be
considered parties TO the dispute
| and the same shan be the rule if
one of the parties to the dispute
is self-governing colony, do
minion, or part. IN which case oil
other self-governing colonies, do
minions, or parts, as we'll as the
Nation as a whole shall be con-
sidered parties 20 the dispute and
each and all shall be disqualified
from having their votes counted
in case OF any inquiry on said
dispute made by the Assembly"
PHRASEoLOGY OF THE LODGE
RESERVATION is NOT CLEAR.
1t will be that the foregoing res
ervations are 50 drawn that any Ma
ton may avail itself OF the same
Interpretation OF the Covenant which
the United States reserves to itself
Under the Lodge reservations it is
not clear whether the United States
alone would have the power to de-
eide what is the meaning Of advise"
. given by the Council or whether
every Nation is free t. accept or re-
Jet the advice OF IN Council when
that Nation is not party to the
dispute, and is as',ed to contribute
toward preserving peace.
In other words, the President seems
to be anxious not 10 convey the I'M
preston that America is selfishly ask
ing for reservations and is not willing
to let other countries apply the same
Interpretation OF the Peace Treaty in
their own countries. This is forcibIy
brought out in the differences be-
tween the wording of the Hitchcock
reservation given above and the
phraseology OF the Lodge reservation
which starts out with the declaration.
The United States assumes no obli
cation under Article X, &c. unless
the Congress shall authorize"
What the President seems to fear
ls That II the reservation in question
Is specific, it viii convey the idea that
Ahe United States is pulling out of
the League before il even gets started
and that other nations win begin to
say they assume no obligations,
either, until the whole structure of
moral force which has been built up
in an EFFORT TO prevent future wars
viii not be worth the paper upon
which II is written,
WILSON'S VIEW OF THE VALUE
OF ARTICLE TEN.
For instance, the value of article
| Ten, as the President sees it. Is that
whether or not there is a pledge to
use the army and navy OF the United
| states 10 preserve the territorial in
tegrity OF any nation whose boun-
daries have been violated by an in
vading army. the more expression. by
the United States OF its disapproval
| through the medium of a world wide
tribunal like the League Of Nations
| would be sufficient to deter an imper-
| ialist nation from making war on a
weak nelghbor.
If the United States had simply
uttered, as President Roosevelt so
long claimed, an expression OF pro-
test against Germany's prospective
invasion OF Belgium, the fear might
have been engendered in the hearts
! OF German statesmen that America
was on the alert and that her public
! opinion might become so inhamed as
To cause her Congress to recommend
/ even further steps to preserve peace.
What Mr.. Wilson is pleading for Is
that no reservation shall be adopted
! which subtracts right OF the bat any
influence of a moral nature which any
future President of the United States
may want TO feel free TO exert to keep
the peace,
Tho Presidents approval OF the
Hitchcock reservations is step to-
ward real compromise. 1t brings the
issue Out in the open, The debate be-
fore the country now will be what
kind OF reservations shall be adopt ed
Roth sides are on record in favor OF
reservations 20 "Americanize the
treaty"