davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11
Lore of Blazed Trees
An Aid to Historians

TN earlier days, when large portions Of
the country were covered with forests
and there were few roads. travel was
often possible only by way Of paths "blazed"
through the woods. To blaze. as every
woodsman knows, ia to strike of a chip
from the sides Of trees so that the line Of
marks shall indicate the direction of the
trail
In blazing for path small trees were
marked, but in blazing for the bounds of a
lot or town or for a farm line larger trees
were usually selected. the blaze being made
about breast high. When, however. as was
often the case. the blazing was done In win
ter on deep snow by men travelling on snow
shoes, the mark was necessarily higher
up. When such line is travelled in the
summer, especially after some years, dur
ing which the trees have grown; the marks
are sometimes found high up on the trunks
and are likely to escape the eye of the in
experienced. As many of them will also be
partially overgrown the task of the surveyor
who goes over one Of these old lines Is not
always easy.
IL the boundary line passes to the left Of
a tree selected for blazing the cut is made
upon the right side. If the line goes to the
right the tree is blazed upon the left side
In running a boundary at corner. where
two lines come together. either "monu-
ment" is erected--a stake supported by four
boulders-or tree is blazed on all four
sides to indicate as nearly as possible the
turning point Of the line.
The permanency of the record made by
blazing trees is quite remarkable. 1t is a
matter Of fact that in many cases Of dis
puted lines or boundaries Of lots in forest
lands the courts have held the record of the
blazes as sufficient and reliable, where care
fully drawn plans and formally attested
title deeds have been set aside. The wound
OF a blazed tree heals over, but never so
completely that the scar may not be readily.
recognized by the experienced woodsman;
hence it follows that 80 long as the blazed
tree escapes fire and the axe of the lumber
man so long Il remains a faithful record Of
the line as surveyed.
Blazed trees also fix dates almost as ac-
curately as they preserve boundaries, The
outer shell which has grown over the scar
Is cut away. and the rings in the wood be-
meath the bark testify TO the number Of
years which have elapsed since the blaze
was made.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11

w THEN the eggs on the ostrich farms
w in California are on the point OF
Matching, curious tapping Of the
shells may be heard. This the keepers call
"telephoning" The sound is caused by the
chicks inside the eggs endeavoring to break
out Those which cannot easily emerge are
assisted by the mother bird, which Will
sometimes break an egg from which the
telephouing is heard by pressing it carefully
and will then aid the chick TO get out.
At the Pasadena Farm the sight of hoy
riding an ostrich as he would pony mal
something be seen.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11
LARGEST GOLD OReDGER % N
~ Tt46 WORLD, OPERATED on

out on what is called the "tailing stacker"
or stacker ladder"
This stacker is 40 feet long and at the
end Is a bumper. which svicts all the worth
less material carried up on the belt, piIing
IT up In great mounds Of naked stones which
cover the ground for acres and acres. and
even for miles--the product OF the old
dTedger which was sunk three or four years
ago and which had worked continuously for
over fifteen years. This great dredger was
built to take the place Of the other much
smaller one
Buoyancy tanks are placed in the huh at
either side OF the stern TO balance the dredgs
when the stacker swings to either side. for,
1t has sideways motion OF Is degrees
This keeps the boat steady and even in
stormy weather an amazingly even keel is
maintained.
Sitting Out the Gold.
The dirt and small gravel carrying the
gold, which falls through the revolving
screen, is sluiced into the gold saving tables.
which are Of the single deck type, built Of
wood and arranged in such a way that an
area Of 4.40O square feet Ii covered. In the
process Of travelling over these tables the
heavier sand and gold are caught I'm the riff
ties placed across them. while the lighter
dirt and gravel are washed on and out at the
stern end Of the boat into the pond which
floats the dredge.
The dredger is operated night and day
and all the year round, as the climate is
usually mild enough, except for an occasional
heavy winter, when the snow win pile up six
to eight feet on the level But in the win
ter months the stacker ladder is enclosed
in canvas and steam heated TO keep II from
freezing. and as all the other machinery
generates its own heat protection the boat
is enabled to work al usual The ground
does not get frozen as It does in colder
climates
Every once in a while the water power is
turned of and clean up" In made by the
trusted officers Of the company This means
tnat the goldN saving tables are gone over
carefully and every particle Of dust or mug
gets removed before operations are con-
tinued.
Over 1900 horse power 10 fed to the four
teen different electric motors which run the
various machines necessary to the operation
OF this great boat, and the power il brought
over the mountains by high power lines from
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11

mountain stream power plants and taken on
board at 1900 volts through a special ar
mored cable. The cost OF construction of
the dredger Is estimated at between $500, 900
and $750,000.
To prevent having to shut down the dredge
when the lower tunhler bearings need greas-
ing power force pump has been installed.
which is situated and controlled from the
winch room. Another new feature in dredge
construction is a freight elevator for hand
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11

~ ACK in 1859. when the pioneers
X hocked to California to gather her
A virgin gold unto themselves, they
went armed with a pick. shovel and pan.
With these simple instruments they strained
out the sands Of the rivers and creeks and
gradually by hard toll garnered fortunes in
gold nuggets. But to-day the art Of wrest-
ing gold from the waters and earth has be-
come a complex and appalling thing. Vast
amounts are now spent before SO much as a
cubic foot OF gravel is touched, and the in-
vestors count upon their money being re-
turned at least tenfold.
They have Iessened the chance Of mis-
takes by elaborate and careful surveys and
tests Of the ground which they intend to
force to dIsgorge its hidden treasures.
And when those tests are favorable they
proceed to strip the trees and brush from the
face OF nature and prepare it for the com
ing slaughter Of the gold finding monsters
which the brain Of man has conceived and
executed
Placer Mining Pays Best.
To-day as in bygone years placer mining
is perhaps the most sure and profitable form
OF mining But from the pan, shaken back
and forth by the weary muscles Of one
miner, up through the various forms Of
cradles" evolved 10 handle greater and
greater quantities of gravel at time, the
modern gold dredger has emerged. mechan-
ical giant. II is rather strange TO see that,
although the size OF the machine has in
creased ten thousandfold the principles Of
operation Of the pan and the cradle and the
dredger are virtually the same.
The pinnacle .of construction in this. line
In the largest gold dredger in the world,
owned and operated by the Estabrook Dredg-
ing Company. at Trinity Center. Cal, on the
North Fork Of the Trinity River, in tho
midst Of beautiful mountains termed by
those who have seen them the Trinity Alps,
and thirty miles from the nearest railroad
station This monster boat is but the
amplfeation OF the old pan and cradle idea.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11

ling heavy supplies and parts between the
upper and lower decks.
Another big dredger, built entirely of Steel
is being operated by another company-the
Pacific Gold Dredging and Mining Company
about three miles above Trinity Center
But although this is twin of the YubR
River boat. and the two are considered the
largest steel boats operating, the big wooden
boat at Trinity Center is still the champion
when it comes to size and production.
The Sun and the New York herald., 1920-07-11

allowed loose in the city and that no lofts
may be kept on apartment house roofs
shows a lack of appreciation of the value OF
the work which these fanciers are carrying
on. Although their object Is the sport of
the game, they are at the same time i'm
Iroving and refining messenger pigeon
breeds In 1918 the United Homing Con-
course provided over 5000 young birds for
Government use. In Belgium, which has led
the world in homing pigeon lines, the Gov
trnment encourages private clubs by regular
offering of prizes. Public spirited sportsmen
in Belgium have devoted thousands Of dol
lars TO the development OF particularly fine
pigeon strains" which are known by the
names of the fanciers who brought them
into being The best of these highly bred
birds sell for as much as $40 or $50 each.
The Cuban Government offers inducements
to private breeders
New Machine for Timing.
European clubs have developed race tim
ing machine which, in modified form, is
used by New York clubs. Early in the week
during the racing season there Is sent to
each club left rubber band for the leg Of
each pigeon which 1t is to enter, on which
rubber band there has been stamped a regis
tered number. Also there is sent to each
competing loft machine consisting Of two
clocks, which were set at ~ o'clock and
locked at club headquarters. before delivery
to individual lofts. This clock can be un-
locked and started only by the insertion Of
a rubber hand.
The band numbers of racing birds are, Of
course. recorded before shipment by one Of
the attendants who make the railroad Jour
ney south with the birds Bands from the
first two birds to reach home are used to
start the lofts two clocks. The clocks are
then returned to headquarters and the
birds racing records are figured out by COM
pairing the clock showing with tie mileage
covered as determined by air line from the
common starting point to the different indi-
vidual home roosts.
Birds which more than once straggle in a
day or so late as the evident result Of idle,
unprincipled visiting along the way are apt
to end their careers in potpie unless they are
of an especially ine strain. in which case
they may be spared as breeders. in the hope
that they are lone black sheep" and that
their individual lack Of pigeon honor will not
show itself in their posterity.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
The issue 10 be decided on
|loven her I'd Is not that of ap.

The issue 10 be decided on
yovsmber I'd Is not that of ap'
proving or rejecting the Cove
nant merely, but includes the
little matter Of overthrowing
WilDonian autocracy at Wash.
ington, which has usurped the
power Of the people. Wilson
clearly entered into a plot with
the Democracy OF the south to
overthrow constitutional govern
ment in this country and give w
the limited democracy practIced
south OF the Mason and Dixon
line, with one party rule, and
that the Democratic party. Cox
in at one with Wilson in this
plot. The rule Of the people
mus, not be abated If American
freedom shal! su riye. Foreign
domination nationally AID au'
.ocracy in our domestic relations
are the twin evils that Demo
cratic success threasenes Us
with. Down them.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
II xsnox,An.

70 Iosing asnssy o1oss dear 80
- bsotAes. 1ssses 0estos sAo 1isA
s~e gears ego, % Ostcbss ~. 1913.
Oar Asssts 10 dsst sesses rssssn 10
tssAe dsy. - 0s0esy sseaiIs boz
lsasA boss ycs sssy: sSd isii ~ 10
tsass. II grisi ssS II vcs. sAse -
ssesfvsA shs death ossssss too yssss
ago.
Two Ysass. visA sii ita change.
ssses dsssh strangely ksas ~ part:
bat dear Ernest al tAsse changes.
ssnsos take from oss hearts. Gops
In the best cf yoos days, tsk.a IN
naaAoo1's blocn; gone fro0 shoss
thai loved you 70 sleep IN . lar asA
siissS tomb.
DARK vas oor aky vhsn yco said
gocd-bye; sad vac ous lcrs!y heszts.
but ss'rs tsassisg Csd 70 nnsst With
you where we never again will part.
Dsar Ernest hew We misc 700.
since from earth yos passed asayi
sad our hearts but sweet cur memcf.
lee - ~ think oi you each day.
SIETIH.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
STORK BUSY IN NEW YORK
Birth Rase Shows incseass oesp&ss
High coss-oseiins Ia
Death Rats,

New York.--prsp,,e the high cost a
living. shortage of housing and The
scarcity cs domestic servants. she -
tus, birth rate h New York city 70
soins ur a, a rapid rate. sc,ardsns 70
health au,he-!t.cs' statistics issued
here.
The figures show tha. the birth rate
pcr thousand for the arss seven
mouths Of 1870 was se-A against the
rate Of clSo In The same period iase
rear.
The rate cs infnnt mortality fur the
last rear on each loo hs-ssas was 81
while be preceding yean show =
much higher ESure an THE recce,aA
The decline in the e~s;h rate b A.
trihuss~i 20 the laws u sanitation and
healshfrl living. Which ars ncv hsa-
tee understood
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

Senator Reed In his speech at
Kansas City last Thursday night
refused tn endorse Governor
Cox on the ground that he tCox)
is too much under the influence
of peesiden, Wilson and was
therefore unsafe. The Senator
also called on The people Of Mis-
sour! to elect an auti'Lesgue
senator, which means Senator
Spcncer, of course.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
PUZZLE TO SCIENCE
Origin Of This Race Hangs on the
Tale Of a Snail
Mystery q Mierstions seumps Hun
srsd Experts Whe Are In osesk a
poiyneeian Data

Honolulu T. H-K certain var.etSes
OF snaiis in the Hawaiian islands
couh talk. tell whence tier started
their migrztions and bow they rzr-
eied from ore island to another IN tie
Pacific, the world would be close TO
the solution OF the origin ot TIE Poly
nesian race, according TO scientists at
tending the Pan-Psc.Ac scientific coo-
EreSs in session here
Upward Of a hundred Of the mos.
noted experts Of most Of the countries
bordering the Pacific ocean have dis
cussed the possible origin Of TIE Poly
nesians during the sessions, ard CO
one point they all agree-,hey don't
know Jet where the Polynessans ori-
ginated.
Having failed to pry any snforrna-
ton cur o. the snail. the scientists
turned 10 the common or garden vars-
ETY. of chicken This useful bird is
believed to have been domessiated by
the Poynes.ans about 1000 B. C. Ac-
cordsng TO scientific data the chicken
reached Egypt about TOO b C. Il h
believed to have originated In south
err Asia. but how did /, get TO Poly
nesaas Another innpasse.
BeSonia seeds and those cf abozs,
TOO othe. plants found In the Hawaii
an group furnished little more infer
nation than either the snail or the
chicken. according 70 the scientists
Ocean currents are said to hare
brought them here Equatorial cur
rents flowing across Central Ainertc.
fro.n the Atlantic are believed to have
forced the Pacific currents westward.
carrying dr.t,wocd and seeds The
process Of transportation ard Eer,uirsa
ton sppears to have been fairly
lengthy. since II is estimated that per
ksps one seed arrived frosn the Ataen-
can conttnen; and bore fruit within
the period Of million yesrS
Grx<shoqpers furnished their auo'a
to the discussion which terminated
about where n hsd begun lr the
known facts that the PolyaeS.an race
cana out Of the unknown and. b<sas
Q sap,diy dying race. 10 fast rasssns
b - rncha-sed shore where II Wa
b0a
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
lrondale.


Plenty Of rain lately.
Mr.. and,Mrs Wm. Young and soma
ofE.,t Louis motored down 10
this place during the psss week :"
visi, Mr.. ieung's sister. Mrs. II.
Lssis.
Nrs. Guy Thompson OF st. Louis
,r.sta lew days @! the past ~ess
her, Waiting hesfs,hsr. Nj. jonathan
Whhss.
1hs ,cii.ics, speech here ore nis h'
last s~~k by Mrs. brruseeman q! 81
Louie wsa enjoyed b. all who heard
IL, dalarge attendance was present
We hare little doubts ss 10 our h1'e
going Republican.
Mr., Joseph Conway as improving
irom = spell Of sickness.
Several al our eisisens went With
Mr.. and Ers. Bea psfo,e.t In =
truck to Caledonia ore evening last
week to attend apiAy. As Woman
rhlnesth," ard all report the play =
suecess.
ii, Charles Simpson snd Mr.. Me'
Carrcn OF Hsfculapsum spent lev
dsys here the pas, ~esk VISITING with
the formers aunt. Ars. I. 4. Fost'
snd bunting
Mrs. Lusy Csrlyon is .'i!i on the
sick list.
Mr.. Hnusst Mason %: isadSoec
visi;ed friends here Sunday.
NJ. w, Nixoa q! Aopewell Wal
s,sn ca our streets Monday,
Among lhose who attended th'
esssnonies ni dedicaiine the ner
Masonic hall Al Caledonia last sat
araay night sere Mrs BuioFd, Mrs
Wn. Martin. Nr. Wm, Jamison
Mrs. Grace Robinson sad kiss Mys
tie Aallow.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

The Missouri Good Roads Fsdefa'
tiop has is.ued Q general prccians
siou 10 the women voiess 81 Missouri
calling upon them to use there every
effort % help iiit Missouri out OF sAe
mod on election day. Asa means o'
bringing ,hs men 10 iall realisation
Of .bs importance oi the adoption o,
Amend vsss No. 6. the good sosds
On, ,oOo, 900 bond smsndmsus. abs
rsdsrsttoo apresis 10 hs isasss g.
iosbia their husespd, er sssssneecs
lrom k,sstse shssn unsii Asseen y
o0eislly liissA Oct oi Abe mud y she
sAo.ea~e Of AnsssdOsSt No. -
eDessior dsy. 10 10 icis thss utes
isItss ohsesss this sssssstsea ssssy
- . - seAss usli ~ ~ ~
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

Having invoked \ solemn r.
ierendum of the people st the
approaching. election our Demo
cratic friends must now allow
the voters TO inolude all there 10
before them for decision in that
reference. They cannot con
sis.en,ly expect any voter Who
Is opposed to ssrrenderinr
American Sovereignty TO a league
Of nations dominated by foreign
kings and potentates to support
a man who In In favor Of such
surrender. Every maa on the
Democratic ticket from Coz on
down 10 the nominees for jus
Of the peace and constable, re.
gardiess OF what reservations he
may make in his heart against
tho question. or what hope he
may entertain there that once
having gone into that league,
10 will not effect our national
freedom, is committed to tha,
surrender. He will vote for II;
aud 80 voting give consent and
approval to whatever the league
may drag Us into. He is for the
thing his party stands for and
nothing in his personality or in
his friendly relations With his
nsighbors offers . sinRle
reservation On his commitment
10 any voter who In the sincere
consciousness OF conviction fseli
that the Democratic party ID
wrong. Every Republican vetel
who has faith in the sorrectness
Of hts parsy's stand a. this elec
ton should allow every eandi
date on the Democratic ticket h
live or die, sink OF swim, survivs
or perish With that ticket. MAXI
Me sslsUn ssissenlam cen
ploeo.
Carrie OAaposa Caaahas sse'
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

The Democratic press and tho
party's esmpaign orators sro
trying 70 catch popular favor
for Coz with downright lyiag.
Tha biggest lie OF all the whop.
pers they are scattering abroad
now 10 the one in which they say
shat the adoption Of Article X
would not get NJ into foreign
wars without . declaration OF
war BY Congress, - directed by
the Constitution. The Oonstitu.
tion and Congress are both over
ridden by the power conferred
in Article X. President Wilson
himself has said No less than
that the adoption of~ this article
would impose A COMPELLING
MORAL OBLIGATION upon
congress to declare war when
ever the League of Nations made
a demand upon NJ for troops,
which would be every time the
territorial integrity Of any mem
Der nation was threatened. The
President has said, further, that
Congress cosld net refuse TO
respond to these calls without
dishonoring the United States
In the eyes Of the world. And
again. with = president Of Mr..
Wilson's autocratic tendency,
and Article X in force. there
would be no waiting upon Con
gress TO get US into action at the
call OF the League, regardless OF
what the constitution may say.
At the call Of our associates In
the late war Wilson sent troops
TO Siberia, an army. and made
war upon the Russians without
a scrap of constitutional author
l!ty. Four or I've hundred nne
american boys died in that war
He is doing the same thing In
Hayti at this very moment; he
did 1t in Mexico at the beginning
| Of his REIGN" The posters
at oil our army recruiting sta
ions anIouuce that enlistments
are made with the proviso that
The soldier will serve willingly
IN any part Of the world, where
ever the whim OF Wilson or an
other president like him may
direct. Let mothers who have
sons growing up bewsrs. the
Ilrap O! Inilitarism stands agape
| tor them in Article X. Were
1.-The American people AZ credu
lous TO Democratic falsehooo
now as they were four years ago,
when they we're deceived and
betrayed by the rally cail-Hs
kept Us out OF war;" the eenten
ton Of the Democrats that Al
Itic'n Y has no force without q
la declaration OF war by Con
Igress woulds be . most danger
Gus campaing lie. But tho trick
will be futile this time.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27
High Prices

High rricss near cheap dsslASs. CbseV
dollars indses srecsiatsen Speeslsttoa h
Ane - long - prices sosr-Sst sceh est for
The DROP
Here il ous advice In siEes like thsss
Avoid debt for the debtor may have - pag
hack these cheap dollars With dsar oassl
Avoid specslasies. Asess all. SAVE sSv
while mosey 10 pl&EtlfSi aud prices ass soss
Ing. 1h1 cheap dollars OF tie pFsoeat VIII
be mere valsab.s some dsy- GrsA tAso ns~
and hoad cnso them. Il u tha ehascs q 8
lifetime to saye- Ese osr hank - 6spSst
tory EvsYJ dollar sEtrrste& to ~ vii -
earsflliy ssfs9uzrded.
BANK OF POTOSI
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

EtetUal Vn9AIenCc II tne
price of liberty"
II Europe cannot keep the
peace without the sac ri6ee by
the American people OF the al-
most divine heritage national
independence and sovereignty
OF the people-received from the
fathers Of our nation II the peace
OF Europe worth this tremen'
dous price, II Europe cannot
keep the peace without our pay
ment OF this price. would she
keep il even after our abandon
inert OF the most precious thine
ever obtained by any raca o.
people, or must we forever send
our boys and our treasure across
the waters to hold races of pso-
pies In order who have neither
the character nor the will to live
on terms of anity with each
other?
The great nations over there
which came victorious out OF a
war whose unspeakable horrors
are yet fresh in the mind OF the
world, do not expect peace to
come to them from a league OF
nations to maintain peace, but
are arnina beyond all past ell.
forts OF armament TO enable
them to hold the fruits of thei'
victory, where jealousy, selfish
ness and racial hatred are con
stantly conspiring ard intrigue
ing against tho peaceful posses
sion OF those fruits, Physically
and financially exhausted from
their late struggle, England,
France and Italy now demand
that the United States mus,
pledge herself guarantor in per
petui,y Of these gains, and sur
render all right OF self determin,
alton a. to her legal and mora
liability as such guarantor.
On this proposition the Amer
lean people are now about f
pass In solemn referendum
II Is, indeed. the most solemn
moment for Us a. \ free people
since that solemn moment wher
the Revolutionary Fathers As
seuhled and declared thai
America must be free and inde
pendent from all autocratic gov
ernment. We must now decide
by popular ballot whether w
ahsll deny the wisdom OF thu
Fathers In their determination
We await the verdict 10 conf
dencs. The Spiris OF '16 dit
vanish forever from the hesrtI
Of thu American people whei
Woodrow Wilson slept IN th'
palace OF the successor Of 0eorG'
the Third.
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

The tide swings to Cox" yap
the ls,ter's campaign managers,
"Ho. ho"' chortles the straw
vote ,as,yer, Cox will do well
"a save the Solid South"
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

A vote for the Regu 5.ican tick
ct ;sa vote in confirmation OF the
conviction tha, the place Of Old
Glory is a, the top OF tue pole as
Potosi journal., 1920-10-27

We are told that Wilson order.
Cd the marines 10 hayti i've
years ago, which corresponds
very nicely with che time Of ths
uadsrwrisiue Of the HAyslan
esvsramsnt bosds by J. r. Nor.
saa 4 CO. J. r. eAbss . eAaas'
9 = - nnnto1nD von1oDoa