Charlevoix county herald., 1920-11-05
HEAVY LOSS OF
SUGAR STOPPED
Chemists Perfect Process of
Protecting Raw Product From
Mold and Bacteria.
PREY ON SWEETENING FACTOR
At Least $500, 1000 Worth Of Sugar
Destroyed Yearly by Tiny, Greedy
oroanisms-70,0 100000 Pounds
Is Estimate.

Is Estimate.
Chicago, ul.-MOre sugar will be
available for everybody through the
discovery of process of keeping IL
from being injured by molds and bac
terra.
Fully one per cent of the Cuban
crop, or about 7O,OOO,OOO pounds of
sugar year and worth at least 81, 500,-
600, II is estimated, has been destroyed
by the tiny, greedy organisms which
compete with the sweet tooth of man.
kind. AS the per capita consumption
of sugar In the United States is APP
proximately S1.S4 pounds annually the
amount hitherto consumed by the
$4,000 persons for a twelve month
period. This would keep the sugar
bowls Of a large city full. Counting
each family as five persons, 175,0O0 of
such groups could be kept sweet tenn
pered during this period from the
supply which has been wasted by the
invisible hOrdes.
Mr.. Nicholas KopeloS and Mrs. Lii
liam Kopeloff, bacteriologist and as
sistant bacteriologist at the Louisiana
sugar experiment station in New Or
leans, and members of the American
Chemical society, have just completed
a bulletin on the method of prevent
Ing the mOlds and bacteria from wrest-
ing sweet sOlace of the beet and cane
from mortals.
Loses Sweetness.
Sugar loses its sweetness because
molds consume the sucrose, which is
its sweetening factor. Although the
amount thus lost may be only frac-
ton Of one per cent, and far too slight
to be detected by the senses of taste
or smell In many cases, it is easily
determined by the polariscope, an in
strument especially designed for
measuring the amount of sucrose pres
ent When sugar deteriorates not
only does the polariscope detect the
differences, but anyone who is suffi-
GENTLY observant will note that Ii will
actually take larger spoonful to give
the same sweetening power. Thus, if
n barrel of raw sugar should be kept
through the summer months and It
is infected with harmful micro-organ-
isms, it might he necessary to use an
extra tablespoonful at the end of the
summer to get the same sweetening
power that could be obtained before
deterioration took place. AS all sugar
is sold strictly on the polariscopic ba-
sis, even small losses aggregate huge
sums.
The usual source of these mOlds is
the air, which contains millions of mi
cro-organisms at rest and In circula-
ton. Each individual mold, If ii falls
on an object which can supply It with
sufficient food, such as sugar. can re-
produce 100000 more individuals Of
the same species in less than week.
This reproduction, however, can only
take place In the presence Of sufficient
moisture, otherwise the organisms lie
dormant. Cane sugar primarily I'M
dergoes such losses by deterioration
in transportation or storage. mainly
due to the absorption Of moisture by
sugar in damp weather or humid eli
mates.
For example, sugars made In Cuba
are stored In the hold of a vessel,
often with insufficient ventilation.
which causes them to Sweat" While
coming from a tropical climate into
cooler water the moisture condenses
on the surface of the sugar. This
also occurs when sugar is stored for
any length Of time. especially at high
temperature, as In refinerles, where
some is melted up at once and the re-
mainder is held in storage for varying
periods, as dictated by business needs.
Can Be Prevented.
Having identified the Injurious MI
cro-organisms, Doctor and Mrs. Ko-
peloff developed a method by which
the quality of given sugar might be
determined In this respect. BY simply
consulting a chart after preliminary
analysis, one may now find out wheth-
er or not a given sugar will deterlo-
rate or lose its sweetness In storage.
The sugars which are unsafe to keep
may be melted up first. the sounder
sugars being held In storage with
safety.
Doctor and Mrs. Kopeloff, by max
ing meteorological examinations at ev-
cry stage of the sugar-making proc
ess, have found that sugar deteriora-
ton can be prevented by substituting
dry or super-heated steam for water
In the final process Of washing sugar
in the drums in which sugar is dried
These centrifugals, as they are called,
in their whIrling suck up air from the
floor which may be contaminated with
germs. Also, It is common practice to
make the color Of the sugar lighter
by washing the crystals with water.
which may be contaminated with
molds and bacteria
In the new process, II Is shown that
dry steam is successful In killing over
90 per cent of these avid molds and
bacteria.
While the practice of steamlng SUI
CARS Is not a new one, the results are
.to,x, 80 bo,.o N Jfroot ,.ro,tiaoI ,.ot,,..