davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25

purchaser will have TO do to brand herself will be-
the monograms sit in the and presto:
F. O. E. (standing of course for Florence OBrien)
will be imprinted the fair back.
HOW CARVING BEGAN.
I.aSalle and his guides probably started sand
engraving in these parts Two three
turtles back when the dscoverer stepped out on the
banks the St Joseph river he a cross
a historic His Indian guide him
initials South Bend boys thought
so we'll OF the idea that they've carving their
initials their names since, carving them in
barns waiting stations. park bleachers school
furniture.
Every spring fall Some Izaak Walton whilst hsh-
ing along the river. yanks out turtle with someone's
initials and 1909 mark its shell. The turtle IS
Immediately given credit as an old established firm
is carried to and is exhibited somewhere along
Michigan st. until such time the cooks make
ready the consomme.
lasting yet forever changing. over in
Spain when a marries his wife her maiden
But Spanish customs have customers
here. In South Bend when man marres his
wife changes her and then-two three years
ater-as the divorce courts would indicate she
changes it again. Maybe if the man is still around
he attempts another change. Bend courts are
the greatest little eognomen sitchers in the middle
west
DiSCARDING GERMAN NAMES
Marriage ard divorce. however, account not for all
ne changes When the kaiser decided rearrange
European geography he helped number Of
Hooser lawyers that knew how surnames could be
legally altered. Indiana show that since
the many Germans longer like their "bachs"
their "heimers." hundred or more have dis
carded the old German nomenclature to take upon
themselves. not by marriage. but by consent the
court AngHczed cognomens. Rubenstein in several
instances has been changed to Alexander Vogt has
chosen Bromfeld and the Lehmans have switched TO
Denis. name also picked by members Of the Deu
family.
The American Hills are growing during transit
ton Hill serves as moniker for those that were
once Hellwig Hndeshe.mer and Levartosky Kaye is
proving popular and II has come 10 succeed Kaun-
mann. Kasowsky. <atzner, Kleinheinz Kosky Koul-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25

localities. animals natural objects and patronymics
The South Benders bearing Black
Brown, Grey Green, Whyte, White. Little Long Short
Broadhead Lightfoot their back
personal characteristics of the forbears whose first
either adopted thrust upon them.
Kings, Bishops. Princes Abbotts Priors. Pryors
stuarts, Smiths. Stewards Wrghts. Carpenters Tay-
lOrs, Bakers, Baxsters, Weavers, Faulkner Faconer,
Fletcher Glovers. Bowmans Chapmans or Merchants
Millers Brewers Brewsters and Shepherds come
lineally at nomnally from ancestors who
held those ranks engaged in those professions
NAMES FROM NATURE
Similarly from natural objects from the landscape
from animals there Hill, Dale, Wood, For
est Brookes or Burns Grove Shaw, Bird. Lyon. Hogg
or Hogue, Crabb, Fox. Roebuck Bull. Stone Tree
Flint, and Steele From patronymics Christian
the following quite naturally derived:
Andrews. Anderson (son of Andrew Alexander. San
derson. sandison James, Jameson. Jameson. Jones.
Johnson, Jonson. Jackson Williams Williamson. wills,
Wilson. Thorn, Thomson. Tompson, Roberts Robertson
Robinson.
In other languages surnanes derived from much
the same sources Two Germans have Schwartz, Weiss
and Braun for Black. White and Brown and OF
same names the French LenoIr Blanc
Lebrun.
The Irish prefix Mac and o to names such as come
from the aforementioned sources and the French
the F1tz extent. The Germans affx shon
son. the Scandnavians add son or sen. the Russians
always prefer witch the Poles usually
with ski These prehxes son Of place Of"
time Of and father Of" and change but little in
changing years.
Many Of the common Irish names found the
South Bend lists curious origins and
interesting signihcations Sullivan tims
silfant and sullvant meaning quick sighted"
ODonnell, Mcdonnell and all variants Of that
from Donald. Daniel and Doa which meant "a
dark chief"
THE ORIGINAL OF MURPHY.
oMurphey the original OF Murphy and at one
time another passed through changes Il was spelt
Morphey now and Morphew again. II meant "supe-
rior" Kelly from O'KelIy Kiey and Kelley, all
meaning fer war" OConnor comes from Connors.
Conerrv. Cornor the meaning helpsr-
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25

the ceremony performed by Squire Smith with great
deal Of interest and you might have wondered why
But maybe II YOU had been there then might have
Sally Harris confidence, and she might have
conhded to you that would
be standing before Squire Smith in exactly the
position Hannah Harris standing that 18th
day OF November 1880.
And you might have been asked by Sally Harris
accompany her and Samuel II. Bell to the Office OF
County Clerk Taylor the 9TH day of December
get their license wed, and Sally might have invited
YOU attend the wedding days
SALLY FINDS MINISTER
But if Sally Harris you she was
be married by Squire Smith. she would have been mis-
taken. The wedding took place two days after the
license had been issued but Sally and Samuel found
a minister of the gospel just the right time Not
having been there, you do not know under what cir
cumstances the David Miller happened be in
South Bend at just the right He may have
just arrived missionary work among Indians
and Sally and Samuel avaied themselves of the
tunity to have the ceremony performed by minister
Both Hannah Keith and Sally Bell must have made
a happy choice in husbands. they left
record the contrary. You may search through
all the divorce records OF the Joseph circuit
and you will find any that Hannah and
Sally either left their husbands left by them
And the happiness of the oounty's first brides
did not depend upon so much happiness does today
Ninety years ago there much more to think about
than the high of living although you been
there you might have found that the long
ago. persons were not inclined to give away things
eat and wear and that then rents charged
newyweds who fortunate enough
homes
NOT EVEN COUNTY SEAT
South Bend was a very little place 80 years ago,
you would have found if you had been there. You
would have learned that 1t not the
county seat. that a little than 100 persons
formed the entire community. YOU along with Han
Sally Adam Samuel. would
in daily contact with Indians, you might have
traded undoubtedly
Samuel did.
You get during your
stay South Bend 90 years ago. you would have
compelled to do just Adam and Samuel forced
to do when they wanted to get a marriage license.
gone Joseph was
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25
By Charles A. Grimes.

besh Krup and Kupfernagel. Pity the poor genera
tons to come that try trace their geneology and
find that Bryant Lauterbach; Graystock for
merly Kraemmslach Curtis shortening OF Hagrnaier.
Davis abbreviation of Kamoiksi Denly the English
Liebermann Desmond a corruption OF Freshman
Ernes getaway from schleuchterer and Higgins
nothing than modernized Sondenheimer
And the changes go Hundreds changed
yearly but the thousands remain unchanged. Ten
in South Bend today practically same
they were six seven eight centuries ago when
John the blacksmith first became John Smith, and
Peter the baker. simply Peter Baker.
WHEN sURNANHs WERE UNKNOWN
Up until eight centuries ago-so they who know
would tell us-surnames were never used. Peter
Peter, John John and John Jojinski, never
the 18th 18th century. Then. it would
that folks got fastidious preferred not to the
chance of mistake in identity The instance of
the lords, kings chiefs adopted surnames
William the Conqueror is credited with having intro
duced cognomens in England, but the belief has no
historical foundation A century before the Normans
England the Irish obligatory by
all Irshmen bear two identihcations one Chris
tan name and, one surname
America the Indians adopted two names
long before Marquette and the missionaries
the Mississippi The earliest explorers found the red
with two and often names Sometimes he'd
call himself John Dove Turtle, John Bear or
John Moon. Usually however, ms surname taken
the Of his tribe We easily imagine
John Pokagon. John Pottawatomie the nomenclature
o red who stretched their wigwans here in
northern Indiana
Although introduced eight centuries ago and made
compulsory then in Ireland surnames did not come
into general in England the reign Of Queen
Elizabeth. 18th century before
Wales adopted surnames and they were adopted then
Germany, Austria and Russia.
OLD NAMES HAD MEANING.
All or the old names had meaning. Many Of them
found in the lists of South have
twisted a little but enough OF them remains to gather
them their original significance. The original
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25
OLD NAMES HAD MEANING.

All OF the old names had meaning Many Of them
found in the lists Of South have been
twisted little but enough Of them remains to gather
from them their original significance The original
sources from when came those first names were de-
profession. personal characteristics.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1920-04-25

CONTINUED o. PAGE BIGHTJ
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
five men OUT
OF JURY BOX
May Complete Massacre
Panel by Friday
BY GLEN J. RANDAU

Omitted Press staff Correspondent
GRAYS HARBOR COURTHOUSE
Montesano, Feb. 4.-Probabilities
that two more days will see the corn
pletion Of the selection OF the IL reg
ular and two alternate Jurors to try
the Ceptralia murder case seemed
very bright when the trial was re
sumed here today.
The opening statement for the
prosecution. setting forth the facts
concerning the case which the state
will seek to establish. will be present
ed by Prosecutor Herman Allen, OF
Lewis county. Friday. IL is believed
Seven peremptory challenges may
yet be exercised by opposing attor'
neYs. Five were used yesterday 10
eliminate as many temporary Jurors
from the box. The following men
were chosen TO take their places:
+. TX. McMurray. teamsten Aber,
deem.
l.. T.. Sweitzcr. farmer, Oakville.
Alfred IL. Currier, electrician, Ho
quiam.
w. r. Inmon. farmer and woods
man, Elma-
Currier did not last the day out in
the box. however. being unseated by
peremptory challenge by the prose
cution. &.
The fifth place. vacated by Rober,
/. Stetoe. was not permanently filled
when court adjourned last night.
Much time was lost yesterday
when Attorney vanderveer chai
lenged Talesman Walker. on the
ground that he was not the man oi
that name summoned by the shcr
III. After taking tho testimony OF
the county treasurer and assistant
county auditor relative to the prop
erty and residence OF Walker, the
challenge was denied by Judge VII
son.
The examination OF Walker will be
resumed today. He admitted his op.
position to all labor and capital or.
ganizations yesterday, and said he
was opposed to the I. w. w. In par.
ticular.
Druggists were kept busy again
last night. supplying remedies to
persons suffering from the epidemic
of influenza current in this commun.
ity. Some doubt AZ TO the ability OF
Bert Bland. one OF the prisoners. TO
attend court today. because OF influ.
enza symptoms. will be cleared up
by an examination OF DIR. j. ii. Fitz.
county health officer.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
SAFE CRACKED;
MONEY CONE
Highly Skilled Yeggs Here,
Say Police

Robbers crnckei the safe In the
Independent Fuel company's offices
at 1868 Occidental ave. during the
night and escaped with sl.oo9.16 in
cash and checks. Police say the
work was undoubtedly that OF men
highly skilled In their craft
+. 8. Chambers, n driver for the
company, discovered the robbery
shortly after Z a. m. "wednesday. His
attention was at first attracted by
lights burning in the rear office. lie
found two windows open.
Entering, Chambers saw a scene
of confusion. The safe door was
hanging by its lower hinge. One OF
the boxes In the side was open and
bare of contents. II was here that
the money had been kept
All about the floor papers were
scattered, and the office was covered
with fine particles OF dust from the
cement. of which the safe door was
partially constructed. A crowbar
lay near the wrecked safe.
Chambers called the police and
notified the owner. J. j. Arms. De
tectives said the crowbar had been
used to pry open the upper part of
the door. Soup" was then poured
In, they said. and exploded. In just
sufficient quantity to break the door
open.
Arms, after checking over the con
tents of the safe. reported to the
police that $272.16 in cash. $1a2
worth of gasoline checks ana ap'
proximately 5000 In checks were
stolen by the yeggs.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
MISS NELLIE CORNISH
(Other Pictures on Page 13)

Seattle will be ono Of the great
art centcrs OF America n plans form
uiated by cultureloving residents Of
the city are carried To . successful
conclusion.
At a meeting in tho Frederick 4
Nelson auditorium. wednesday
morning. arrangements were dis.
cusscd for the development OF q
mammoth school OF the arts here and
the founding OF repertoire theatre
in Seattle.
II a school OF dramatics and munic
and a theatre whore professional ac-
tors produce the best current drama
is built here. II win mean that Seat.
tie will be second to no city In this
country In the arts.
Seattle will become the dramatic
Mecca OF the Pacific.
Under the direction OF Miss Nellie
Cornish. school OF fine arts has
been developed in Seattle which has
already become nationally known.
Pupils from the college have gone
out into professional life In all parts
OF the country. carrying with them
the artistic ideals fostered in Seat.
tie. a score OF them have gained
nationwide fame as dancers. as mu-
sicians and ms actors.
When Maurice Browne and Ellen
Van volkenberg CMrs. Browne) left
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04

Chicago TO found the Cornish Little
theatre hero. seattle's colony Of nc.
tors and playwrights found a congo
Mai laboratory in which to develop
their art
The Brownies arc the founders OF
the Little theatre movement in the
United States.
Now II is planned 10 establish a
regular theatre In Seattle, to be man
aged In connection with the Cornish
school. where tho best American
plays win be produced by profession.
The dramatic season win be for
six months. and Seattle win see the
finest plays OF the country as soon,
or before. they are produced on
Broadway.
The Cornish school was started
hero six years ago with a total reg
istration OF ~ pupils. Today IL has
an enrolment OF more than 1000.
and is one OF the ten largest art
schools In the world.
Plans discussed at Wednesdays
meeting include the formation of a
stock company to take over the In
terests OF the Cornish school and to
make II civic institution, dedicated
to the development of n Western cul.
ture which viii carry the name of
Seattle to wherever the fine arts are
discussed thruout the world.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
ARREST SIX IN
MURDER PROBE
Chicago Labor Man Shot
Down by Assassins

CHICAGO. Feb. 4.--Michaei Car
ozzo. president Of the Street Clean
ers' union. and five other suspects
were held by the police here today
in connection with the murder Of
Maurice c'Moss'D Enrfgfit. labor
leader, late yesterday. Tim Muir
ply. labor leader. was arrested, but
established an alibi.
Police reserves were rushed into
the stockyards and Englewood dis.
tricts today to guard against out
break OF, a labor war. tGunmen ad-
herents Of 'Ehright we're known TO
be on the trail Of the slayer. seek
ing revenge, police said
The list OF suspects under arrest
continued to grow during the day.
Enright was shot to death with
yawed;off shotgun,
Enright was convicted In 1911 Of
murder but was Internationally par
doned by Edward +. Dunno. then
governor. He has been connected
with the plumbers union as busi-
ness agent and secretary.
Only Last Tear EnTght vas
wounded in a gun fight following
the clash Of opposing factions at a
meeting OF the union.
Enright was wealthy. He was
killed as he was driving up to the
door OF his residence late yesterday.
HIS aAsailahts escaped in a black
automobile.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Ask Six u. S. Ships
for Pacific Coaat

ALLEGATION OF six OF the shipping
boards new 17h-knot passenger
ships to the Pacific 8. s. Co. for,
operation out Of Puget Sound haf
been asked by A. r. Haines, vloo
president, now In Washington Il
was reported at local offices wednes-
day.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
BRITONS PEEVED
AT EXCHANGE
MARKET FALL
BY MILTON bKONNER

LONDON. Feb. <.-The continued
drop In value OF the English pound
In the New York exchange In caus
ing tho bitterest feeling against
America In England
Lord Beaverbrooks has begun a
series OF articles on the first page
Of tho Daily Express. His first
article is captioncd Americas FL
nancial Hostility; Quick scuttie. From
Its Share OF the Worlds Burden"
An editorial says n European con
ference could devise plans to save
Europe from tho squeeze America
seems determined TO carry on. Amer
lea and all It's Industries. according
to the editorial. are In the position
of the profiteer. no better than the
ordinary profiteering English wool
monger or grocer.
John Bun. weekly paper Of large
circulation and unfriendly to the
United States, has n savage attack
under the caption whats Your
Game. American"
Bankers here claim that the ex
change rate on English pounds Is
down partly because OF the fall os
all European credits. The dollar cx
change, they say. is not really New
York.London. but New York Europe
exchange
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Fears DROP in
MONEY TO ruin
U. S. COMMERCE
Congressman Urges Stabilizing of For.
eign Exchange; British Pound
Reaches New Low Level

WASHINGTON. Feb. 4.-Destruction of
Americas export trade is threatened by the decline
in foreign exchange Senator Thomas, Colorado,
declared in the senate today. He announced he will
call up next week his resolution for a commits
sion to stabilize exchange.
NEW YORK, Feb. Admitted Press. 1.-The
greatest single drop demand sterling has taken
since the present decline in foreign exchanges be-
gan was made today when the British pound
opened at S3.27H, off 5H from yesterday.
Later in the morning demand sterling feI1 to
s3.23A. and at 1880 o'clock it had reached new
record drop of $500.
Collapse in foreign exchanges virtually brought
trading to a standstil Francs fell to 1872 and lire
to 1902.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
$50 "Flu" Cases
Reported in Week

Influenza cases reported at the
city hospital up to noon Wednesday
brought the total for the week up
to 500. There were 20 reported
Western ave. Tuesday. A whole
new cases totaled 209.
At the county health bureau the
total in the county outside the city
was reported as III. including 10
new cases reported Wednesday. Ten
pneumonia cases were reported at
noon.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Mayor Is Better;
Sits Up Today

Mayor Fitzgerald was sufficiently
recovered from an attack Of flu
wednesday to sit up for the first
time since his family physician. DIR.
w. u. McClain. ordered him TO bed
Sunday. DR.. Mccain said his pa
tient would not be permitted TO
leave the house until Monday. The
mayor had q conference with his
secretary at 2 p. m. Others were
not allowed to visit him,
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
THREE YANKEES
SLAIN IN SYRIA
Relief Workers Murdered
by Brigands

WASHINGTON. Feb. 4.-United
Press.) - Three American relief
workers have been murdered by
brigands in Syria. according TO n
dispatch received today by the state
department.
They were killed last sunday near
FL Mall. north of Aleppo.
The identity OF the Americans was
not reported to the state department.
The relief expedition OF which they
were part was under the American
commission for relief OF the Near
East. which has headquarters In
New York city.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Sullivan Aiding
l. w. w. Prosecution

MONTESANO, Feb. 4.--Jehn Sulli.
van, of Seattle. formerly national
vice commander OF the American Le-
gion. is aiding the prosecution of 1S
alleged /. w. w. charged with Grim
inal syndicalism. on trial here be
fore Superior Judge Ben Sheeks.
The general charge against these
men is membership in the I. w. w.
organization" Special Prosecutor
sullivan, told tho Plespen lcqlled to
the Jury box today. '.
Ralph Pierce. OF Seattle. is repre-
senting the defendants, six of whom
are at liberty on $500 bail each.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Bares Newberry's
CampaiRn Tactics

GRAND RAPIDS. Mich, Feb. A.
The Newberry senatorial campaign
in Michigan was confessedly a bar.
rel campaign" according to testi-
mony in the trial OF Senator Truman
II. Newberry' and 1874 aides on elec.
ton fraud charges here today.
Frederick Cody. eastern manager
for Senator Newberry. told James
Swineheart. New York, that New.
berry was to make it barrel cam.
paign," the latter testified.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Six Deaths Flu Toll
in San Francisco

SAN FRANCISCO. Feb. New
Influenza cases reported today
totaled 1877. There were six deaths.
Four deaths and 24s cases were re-
ported yesterday.
Goat Island naval station has
been closed TO visitors and liberty
was denied men in training be-
cause OF Influenza
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
SHARP DROPS USUALLY
DUE TO SPECULATORS
Raid Resort, Get
Two Cans Opium,

Two cans OF opium valued at $3.50
can were confiscated in a raid on
resort at 71sh King St. Tuesday
afternoon. by Capt. John Hamer, Of
the u. s. treasury department. and
Deputy Sheriffs J. C. Connor. N. l..
Loveall, Earl Ramage and I. Brown.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
German Peace Man
Resigns in Huff

PARIS. Feb. 4.-Baron Kurt Won
Lersner. head OF the German dele
cation here. refused today to trans
init to Berlin the allied list OF per-
sons guilty OF war crimes and the
accompanying covering note.
He returned the list and the note
to the French foreign office and
notified 1t OF his resignation as pres
ident OF the German peace delega-
ton.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1920-02-04
Laws to Curb Reds
Urged by Palmer

WASHINGTON, Feb. 4.-Scdition
legislation is necessary to combat n
condition Of revolutionary intent in
the country on the part of both
aliens and citizens" Attorney Gen.
eral Palmer'told the house judiciary
committee today.
Palmer read extracts from red
pamphlets threatening revolution
and murder of public officials.