davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
A|RSH|P PROBABLE
MASTER OF: OCEAN
Clearly Destined to Open Up
Regular Traffic Between
Continents.

Cross-Atlantic Cable Service to The Star.
LONDON, December 25.-The At
lantic has been crossed by airplane.
by flying boat and by airship, and of
these three divisions the last-named
is the one clearly destined to open
up regular transocean aerial COM
munications. The flying BOAT may
one day also be used for such serv-
ices, but more probably its employ
ment will be restricted to the shorter
routes.
There is no reason why a limited
|cross-Atlantic airship service should
the next two years; and. as il. p.
Pratt Of Vickers. in his book on
Commercial Airships" points out, it
would be better at first not to at
tempt a regular time table service
of two crossings each way per week
except in the May to September
period.
Effect of the Winds.
He also explains that whereas the
prevailing winds. could be direct from
New York to London. it would be
necessary for the westward journey
to take more southeSly line, leav-
Ing Europe at Lisbon. or thereabouts
Thls,. OF course. would mean that
BY railway or airplane. From Lis
bon to New. York the distance is
1880 miles, from New York to Lon
don 1t is $500 miles. AS there would
often be helping wind all the way
across eastward. it would probably
De found In practice. taking into ac-
count the time spent in getting to
Lisbon, the average times would work
out at something like fifty hours for
the eastward journey and 12O hours
for the westward.
In proposing cross-Atlantfc airship
services a comparison is sought with
the most efficient marine services in
the world. and far greater advantages
of aircraft could be shown in parts
or the world where existing transport
Is not SO good. It says much for
the confidence of airship engineers
mat they do not hesitate to make
even this comparison. and in spite Of
the fact that the weather of the
north Atlantic is so difficult. Mr.
Pratt makes cautious reservations on
the score Of weather conditions which
ne says must be further studied; but
ne Claims that crossings would be
pfac'icaoie on So0 days OF the year. .
Proposed Speed.
Alrhlp experts appear often to he
anu ledT1ul lest thew
should claim too much. Mr.. Pratt no.
sreater assumes ssh sso vessels possessing
miles an hour at the maximum (fulI
powerl and normal air speed Of six
v ,y;.h mi ;ta ,, an hour. For an airplane.
would be ridiculously low. but in an
airsh1p 1T is said to be good enough:
many people. indeed. think it is suffi.
Gent for a summer season service
across the Atlantic. using Lisbon as
one Of the termini. 90
The cost Of airship transport even
on the present basis is SO low that
with the provision of all necessary
organization it should not be difficuit
to put it on commercial footing.
The cost. according to figures given
by Mr.. Pratt and by experts at the
air conference. is about 66 cents per
ton per mile, and it has been shown
that by using bigger ships it could
be reduced by. 40 per cent. There is
good reason. therefore, for making a
full-scaie experiment and securing
the working experience Indispensable
before wider efforts become possible.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
SLAVE TRADING CHARGED.
Renewal of Practice in West Africa
Put Before League. -5-e-

LONDON, December 25.-Charges
that there has been a recrudescence
of slave trading practices over wide
areas in Angola, Portuguese possess
sion in West Africa, has been pre-
scented to the assembly of the league
of nations, by the AntiSlavery and
Aborigines' Protection Society.NTh
charges are contained in the copy
of a memorial previously sent to the
British government, including evil
dence from Portuguese and other
sources, concerning alleged slave
trading. 4s@
The society appealed to the league-
of nations to tatke cognizance of
these charges and, if possible, Sc
cure an exhaustive inquiry into the
whole system of Portuguese labor in
West Africa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
IRISH EMIGRATION
HIGHEST IN ) YEARS
In Ten Months of 1920
12,752 Persons Left
the Island.

Cross-AtIantic Cable Service to The Star.
DUBLIN, December 25.-Emigratior
used to be described as one of the
few fiourishing Industries" in Ire
land. This was certainly true for hall
century prior to the great war
Before the famine period of 1864
the population was 100000. The las,
census showed 4.390,219. The next
census is due next year, but it Is
not certain that it will be taken. In
the present disturbed state of the
country an accurate return would be
impossible.
The loss of half of Ireland's popu-
lation in almost half century had
a most depressing and devitaiizing eff
feet. The outgoing of the youth of
the country, male and female, in
those years had the effect OF leaving
behind only those who were old and
incapable of great effort, while the
hest brains and Drawn of the virile
men and women went to build up the
other countries to which they turned
their faces-United States, Canada
and Australia.
The question of the moment is
whether the process of Exporting"
the population of Ireland. which was
arrested by the war is now to be re-
sumed In the year 1900 emigration
reached it's high water mark of recent
times when 45,2SS persons left for
various destinations abroad. In the
year 1914. in which emigration was
not interdicted, the number had gone
down to 20,314. In 1915 it was 1869,
in 1915 1902, in 1917 2,111, and in
1918. the lowest on record, it was
$50. The figures for the past ten
months Of 1920, which are now avail
able, show that there is a distinct
advance. In these ten months 12,752
persons have emigrated.
When. it is remembered that there
are now no facilities for emigration.
and that. in fact, every emigrant must
be provided with a passport and must
pass through other tests before per-
mission is given to leave the coun-
try, it will be seen that the emigra-
ton habit" has not yet been elm
mated. 1t must also be remembered
that it is an essential part of the Sim
Fem policy that young Irishmen and
women should remain at home and
do their share in the great work OF
which is to be begun
when the present political tangfe has
been cleared up.
The present emigrants are Of diff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26

ferent types and vastly better
equipped than formerly. They are
better fed, better educated, accas-
toned to a very much higher stand
ard of living and in every respect
calculated to make better citizens
of the country which they adopt
as their future home. They are not
for the most part emigrating in or
der to scape poverty at home. There
is no poverty in Ireland in the7sense
that it was known fifty or even
twenty years ago. Many are going
out to friends and relatives who have
made good" in America or Australia
and who have homes to give. them
and careers to place before them. In
Ireland they see at the moment only
chaos and disorder which may last
for wears, or until such time as states
men. both here and in England. arise
and solve the difficulties which now
hold the land in turmoil and disorder
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
Voice Of the Russian People Is Stifed
Even Labor Unions Being Ruled by Lenin

In their turn name the provincial
soviet congress- This congress nat
urally. IS rarely called together. 1t
elects a central executive committee
which constitutes the real parliament
and which is supposed to participate
in the management of affairs In the
intervals between two provincial con :
crosses.
"Stin higher up is the council of
peoples commissaries. the real cab
met, which includes Lenin, Trotsky.
etc.
Wields Absolute Power.
The council Of oommissaries
yields absolute power, the central
executive committee being rarely
convoked. The latter. for instance, has
not been asked for its approval of
the peace treaties with Lithuania
Esthonia. Georgia and Lettonia-
I'm reality there is neither dicta-
torship of the proletariat in Russia,
nor a Dictatorship of the soviets, nor
even a dictatorship Of the commun-
lists. over this people of 100 million
souls reign. without mandate and
without any check or control, few
individuals who have merely usurped
unlimited power.
THE economic life Of Russia rests on
two pillars; agriculture and industry.
When the bolshevists came into power
they imagined they were going to change
-magically and by simple decree-a
capitalistic society into a socialistic
society.
I'm the matter of agriculture they did
not go to much trouble They expro-
priated the big landed proprietors. As
true socialists they ought then to have
turned the land over the the commune
ity and had it cultivated by the agricul-
tural population for the common benefit.
They did not do this. They parceled it
out among the peasants. The latter re-
ceive it as loan" but in reality be-
came proprietors.
Peasants Demand Return.
Theoretically the peasants were to
deliver the products to the community to
supply the needs Of the industrial work.
ers. But here again it was only theory.
The peasants are quite willing to turn
over their crops, but on condition that
they receive something in exchange. and
preferably something having a price.
THE soviet regime was therefore OBJ
liged to pay them in money, but the
peasants soon began to refuse the value
less paper of the government, which they
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
ORDERS BATHS FOR PARIS.

PARIS. December 25.-The Paris
municipal council has decided that pub
lie swimming baths are not only a neees-
sity, but that they are likely to prove
a paving venture, and has asked the city
architects to prepare plans for three
baths to be erected in Paris within
eighteen months. The only swimming
baths in Paris are those moored along
the Seine banks, which, although pop
ular in the summer months, prove no
attraction in winter.
ment is estimated at 100000 francs
Delegates from the municipal council
have been sent to Alsace to inspect the
baths there. The Paris baths are to be
modelled after those Of Strassburg. 80
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
GERMAN TRAINS BETTER.
Progress Made in Re
Storing Railway Efficiency.
,tic Cable Service to The Star.

Cross Atlantic Cable Service to The Star.
FRANKFORT-ON-M December
25.-A great surprise awaiting ones
visit to Germany has been the COM
parative efficiency Of the German rail-
ways. A very few months ago. by all
accounts, chaos on the German rail-
ways-once Germany's legitimate
pride-was complete. AS the result
of the war and the commissions of de-
feat, rolling stock and permanent way
were in a shocking condition, while
trains were few, overcrowded, and
liable to extravagant delays. The
progress made by the Germans in
remedying this state of affairs is re-
markable. In travelling across Ger
many during the past few weeks, one
found trains running on time and
smoothly, and the carriages clean.
while the provision Of porters> and
cabs at the great railway centers has
been a great deal better than any,
thing of the kind at railway termini
in Great>BIitain,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26

could not possibly utilixa SO they kept
their products and exchanged them
surreptitiously for clothing. furniture.
gold and silver articles. etc. Thus an
active system Of exchange has been built
up between town and country. through
which the necessities Of life are OBJ
tanned
''Of course. the soviets are aware Of
1t. and they try to solve tho problem in
their usual way. by violence But their
violence only turns the peasant either to
trickery or revolt The situation is ex-
tremely dangerous. In fact, bolshevisin
has turned the peasants. who form
so per cent of the population. from
proletarians into small proprietors. and
woe to bolshevism IL It dares touch that
new property right!
Operation Of Industry.
I'm November, 1919, all the work
shops. factories. mines. etc. were ex-
propriated. The personnel Of each es-
tablishment was to form a council and
these councils were to manage the enter
prises. From the very beginning pro-
duction declined prodigiously, the waste
of energy and material was enormous.
speakable misery. 1t had to be admitted
that the displacement Of the technical
directors was a mistake. Efforts were
made to get them back by means of big
salaries. that is to say, by offering them
a far better living than plain workmen.
MANY OF them were femnted and return
ed to their posts. But their indispensa-
bleness having been recognized. they
kept increasing their demands. 1t was
dictatorship of technicians. All power
and competence were taken away from
the workers councils and placed In the
hands of technical directors appointed
by the central economic council at Mos
COW.
THE power of these technicians is
unlimited. They introduce into each
factory whatever methods of pro-
duction they judge to be the best.
They may on their own authority in
crease the working day-theoretically
eight hours-to fourteen hours. In
many factories fourteen hours is now
the regular thing. To promote the
work there is often, in addition to
progressive bonuses, system of sur
veillance by the soldiers of the red
army. Whoever in the opinion of
the directors does not show enough
zeal in his work may be punished by
Imprisonment or sent to an internment
camp or to the front.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
WILHELM ISANGRY
AT.H|APSBURGPARK
Ex-Kaiser Denounces At.
tempt to Restore Charles
to Austrian Throne.
BY vIGGO TOPPER.
ncAtlantic Cable SerYice to The Stal

cross-Atlantie Cable Service to The Star.
BERLIN. December 25.-Although
the ex-kaiser is spending a consider
able part Of the millions he has sue
ceeded in Wrestling from the German
pose is the restoration of the Hohen-
sollern dynasty. it is hardly surpris-
ing that he should be highly indig-
nant at the monarchist. party in Aus
tria, which is working for the return
Of ex-Emperor Charles.
So intense is the Indignation of the
royal exile that he has even allowed
himself to be interviewed by a Dutch
journalist for the purpose Of giving
vent to his anger. The Hague re-
porter thus honored found his i'm
perial majesty" at his favorite pas
time of telling trees William de-
ciared that, as the splinters of wood
were flying from under his axe. so
would the official heads of the worth
less officials put into office by the re-
publican government fly off when he
returned to power in Germany.
Calls Attempt Suicidal.
Then. switching to the subject of
the Austrian monarchistic efforts, the
ex-kaiser said For Austrians to be
working for the return of the Haps-
burgs is nothing less than suicidal
The Hapsburgs have always been the
curse of Austria because of their ut
ter selfishnesS and total lack of ini-
tiative and energy. For AUSTRIA
mean the German-speaking part of
the Austrian nation-there is only
one way to salvation, and that is a
close union with Germany. and only
If German Austria is linked up with
her may Germany, once more hope to
become a world power and fulfill her
destiny. mutilated as she is after the
disastrous peace OF Versailles.
Deems France Responsible.
1.-The demand for the return Of the
weak-minded Emperor Charles does not
really come from the heart Of the Ger
nran-Austrian people. but Is simply a
result OF the intrigues OF France, which
leaves no means untried to prevent the
resurrection Of Germany.
1T Is France. and France alone, that
wishes TO see established . weak Aus
, trian monarchy, which would in reality
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
LINES IN PALM INHERITED.
Discovery of New Principle An.
nounced in Berlin.

cross-Atlantic Cable Service to The Star -;
BERLIN. December 25.-Heredity il
finger prints is an important, new,
principle which was the subject oil
a lecture by Professor Poll before thu
Berlin Anthropological Society. h
declared that palmistry would be
raised to the dignity of a recognized
science. ~ =
The professor demonstrated that an
examination of 1000 palms had proved
that certain lines are hereditary.
They are called fly lines and tfeif
growth and development appearslJto
be based on a defined mathematic
system Further research work is
necessary; generations must be fol-
lowed up. and il the system can be
built up it will be of priceless value
for medicine, enabling experts ia
recognize at an early stage inherited
mental Affections. $50 ;
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26

be a mere vassal state, economically and
politically dependent on Paris. and at
the same time bulwark against soviet
Russia on one side and Germany on the
other. II my poor country had a real
government at the present moment.
there would be no danger OF France
succeeding. but unfortunately the pres
emit German government seems to have
no other aim than to give in to the
entente on every point as soon as a de-
mand is made"
The kaiser absolutely refused to dis
cuss his own plans and ambitions, be-
yond saying that he would always be
ready to respond to any demand that
Germany might make on him. even to
taking up once more the thankless bur.
den of government, evidently quite for
getting his own Introductory parable
about the flying splinters.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26

A n interview given by the Rus
~ sian Social Democrat Martoff
member of the Moscow soviet,
to the socialist daily Volk
Of Amsterdam. Holland, shows how
the minority parties are treated under
communist rule. Martof says:
You ask me what a social dem
ocrat can accomplish If he succeeds
in getting elected to a local soviet
will take the Moscow soviet. OF
which I am a member, as an example.
Its principal task Is the administra-
ton of city affairs. Formerly 1t met
fairly often. Now 1t meets once a
month at the most.
I'm the interval between meetings.
the city government is carried on by
the directorate. which corresponds
roughly to a mayor and council. The
directorate determines the order of
business for each meeting. A member
devotes to each item an explanatory
speech that may last three-Quarters of
th6n speak. but each is limited to ten
minutes.
Interpretations Are Barred.
1.-The right Of Interpolation does
not exist. nor does that of making
motions. The only privilege granted to
the opposition is that of demanding
the discussion of a subject not includ-
ed in the order of business. The men,
no m nd 10 oil n
three minutes to set forth his prop
osition. which is always rejected by
the service communist majority.
The little that we are allowed to
say at meetings of the soviet is
shamefully sabotaged. Soviet dis
cussions may be reported only in the
communist press. which Especially
the Investia) grants liberal hos
pitality to communist speeches. but
is content to sum up the social dem
ocrat argument in some such way as
this:
"Martoff took the floor and set
forth to the best Of his ability his
usual social democratic nonsense
And we have no organ. no means
whatever of enlightening public opin-
ion. In short, the local soviets are
only shameful caricatures Of parlia-
mentary bodies, and they are becom-
ing more and more mere extensions
of the vast bureaucratic machinery
that is driven from the Kremlin
above the local soviets are the
soviets of the governments. These
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
REDS TO EXPLOIT STAGE.
Prizes Offered for Plays Extolline
Communism.
ss-Auantic Cable Service to The Star.

Cross-Atlantic Cable Service to The Star.
PETROGRAD. December 25.-The
stage is to be exploited for bolshevi,e
propaganda purposes in Russia The
cation mentioned in a report that the
new 'proletarian theater" would be a
dead letter without new playwrights.
New plays must be created and a
careful selection Of old plays must
be made. The commissary now offers
prizes for now plays and the adap-
tation of existing works of a revolu-
tionary or social tendency. New
plays should deal with the ''proIe-
tartan world movement" "the fight
with Imperialism" Communism and
the peasant and the cultural
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
'G00D-BYE' MESSAGE SENT

LONDON, December 23.-Dr. John L.
Cope, commander Of the British i'm
perial antarctic expedition. has sent
the following message from Port
Stanley, capital Of the Falkland
islands:
Sailing from here December. 20
with full equipment and dogs. Hope
to land at Graham's December Is. All
the party well. Expect to hear from
us in eighteen months. Goodbye"
Commander. Cope. with four COM
panions, purposes spending eighteen
months in surveying and charting the
western shores Of Weddell sea, and in
carrying out scientific work in the
antarctic. The party will live during
the entire period in tents and huts.
and will depend for fresh meat on
seals and penguins.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
INDUSTRIES AT WORK.
Rapidly Reorganizing in Devas.
tated Districts of France

PARIS. December 25.-Manufactur.
ing industries are rapidly resuming
operations in the devasted district
This is shown by report of the Office
OF industrial reconstruction, which
has been investigating the RESTORATION
of factories and workshops which. be-
fore the war. employed more than
twenty workmen OF the 1921 estab-
lishments in which inquiries have been
made. 1892 have resumed work in
whole or in part.
While the factories have. for the
most part, been rebuilt much as thew
were in 1914. the houses which shelter
the workers are mere wooden huts.
although brick shanties are SPRING
ing up in the districts where brick :
laying Is practicable.
Thus. the proportion of resumption
of activity bears no relation to the
recovery of the towns and villages
which it will be impossible to rebuild
as formerly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-12-26
ny BEN McKELWAY.

TIME special postal treaty signed
in Madrid recently between the
United States. Spain and the
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1920-10-22

until the present American scale of
prices is so broken that they can no
longer afford to ship such stuff here
or America places a wall around this
country in the form of tariff to
keep them out
Tariff means continued high living
costs. But give US that every time
until the country can reasonably re-
adjust itself and get back to a peace
basis in the normal safe way. Give
us that every time in preference to
a bump like Idaho is getting today.
If you believe in more bumps,
worse bumps, vote for John Nugent.
But if you believe in a reasonable
price scale for Canyon county's farm
products, upon which the prosperity
of every person and every business in
this district depends, vote for Frank
Gooding.