davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

national source of meat supply.
The moss ranges of Alaska can sup
port many millions of reindeer, there
being 100000 square miles of avail
able range. 1t will take a few years
to work out the commercial system
involved, but it is now certain that
the reindeer industry eventually will
far eclipse its first purpose of rescu-
ing from starvation and idleness a
few thousand Eskimos. So far, prac-
tlcally all of the herd, which is ad-
ministered by the Bureau of Educa-
tion of the Department of the In
terror, has been turned over to the
natives and the Lapps who instruct
them in the mysteries of reindeer
care, and they are forbidden to sell
females to white men; but the time
is near at hand when this restric-
tlon may be- removed safely, and in
the meantime the whites are import
ing some breeding stock of their own
from Siberia.
Education in Alaska is more in
timately related to the economic life
of the aboriginal population than
anywhere else in the world. The De-
partment of Education went into
the reindeer experiment in order to
keep it's charges alive while educat-
ing them. You can't get very far
with "book learning" or industrial
education when the pupils are starv
ing.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

River and have crossed over into
the Copper River country and are
marrying the mountain sheep and
caribou. The Governor is afraid
that they will get into the reindeer
country ere long.
The closed seasons on marten and
beaver have driven many trappers
from the field and in their absence
as we'll as that of other departed in
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Alaska, Uncle Sans Baby Is Being Coddled to DEATH

Brown bear, even if it's color scheme
Is basically brown. Though the Gov
'ernor contends that he is scientiti-
cally right, the scientists Of the two
departments overruled him-and he
favors an appeal to the courts.
AS the matter stands now all the
big bears of the Alaskan peninsula
are protected, whether grizzly or
brown. In.truth, according to Cover
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

which few years ago teemed with
spawning salmon now appear almost
barren
Governor Riggs finds pleasanter
topic in the story Of the fur seal
herd. When pelagic sealing was
/; terminated by the international
agreement. of 1911 there were only
215,000 of these valuable animals
left on the roolleries of the Pribiloa
Islands. The 1913 count showed
100000 and the number is now close
to 100000. Commercial killing Of
the fur seals was resumed in 1918
by the Bureau of Fisheries, and
34,890 skins were taken that yeai
These skins are worth about $50
apiece. The carcasses of the slaugh.
tered seals serve to maintain the blue
fox herds of the Pribiloff Islands,
also administered by the Bureau Of
Fisheries.
When it comes to timber the Gov.
ernor again finds gloomy topic
Alaska has about 100,000,000 feet Of
standing timber, mostly in forest re-
serves, and about so per cent of it
Is only fit for pulpmaking, yet be.
cause Of the restrictive laws and
regulations there is no pulp or paper
industry in Alaska, though without
impairing the forests fully 600 tors
of pulp could be turned ont daily
which would be very important
contribution to the solution Of the
print paper problem in the United
States. 1t IS understood, however,
that certain New York interests are
about to take a chance with the pres
ent regulations and put in pulp
mill. The Governor says frankly
that he does not believe in forest
reservations in Alaska. He would
turn them over 70 the general lana
office and permit them TO be used and
iOha bitod
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

1t has even organized ten coopera-
tive stores among the Eskimos. In
fact, it has become the very life and
being of the simple folk Of the North.
Yet such are the limitations of
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

to increase. On the northern slopes
OF Mount Mckinley it is no unusual
sight to see herds of woodland carl
bou, numbering from 200 to 1000.
and sheep in bands of several hun
dred, and bear and moose are numer-
Gus thereabouts. Hard as he is on
the big bears, Governor Riggs is
strong for game protection, but
guarding the unmarked boundaries
OF a game reserve-Mount Mckinley
National Park - containing $500
square miles with one lone game
warden doesn't promise much sue
cess. SO the Governor has passed
the buck to Congress by asking it
to give heed to the recommendation
of the National Park Service for
game wardens; which, of course.
Congress won 't-not this year.
Game on Increase
Speaking of the reindeer, the sue
cess attending the introduction of
this domestic animal into Alaska
promises to far exceed all initial ex-
pectations. The herds have increased
from the 1880 animals imported
during 1892 and the ten succeeding
years from Siberia to 100000, and
have effectually solved the problem
of providing sustenance and cloth
ing for the Eskimos, besides becom-
ing the instrumentality of industrial
education of the natives. The intro
duction of the reindeer has not only
been the physical salvation of a peo-
pie who were in danger of starva-
ton but has been the means of ad
vancing the Eskimos through an
entire stage Of historic evolution in
less than generation. All the
natives inhabiting the vast grazing
grounds, extending from the Aleu-
tian Islands to Point Barrow, have
been advanced from the wandering
nomadic stage to the settled pastoral
stage. Formerly dependent upon
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

game and fish, their sustenance is
now insured by their herds Of rein
deer.
Having saved the Eskimos, the
reindeer industry is about to become
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Seals ON Increase

1.-The increasing number of fishing
devices, the larger and more n,,ner-
Gus craft engaged in the trade the
deadly floating trap and the prac-
tlcally uncontrolled stream fishing
are attaining their inevitable end ;,
says Governor Riggs. STREAMS
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Saving the Eskimo

Similarly, the department has
found that it has to do innumerable
other things for it's wards in order
to create a basis for education. So
it has hospitals and doctors and
nurses, and it's teachers are all more
or less skilled in medicine, santa
ton, hygiene and social engineering.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

nor Riggs, neither breed should be
protected, but should be sentenced to
determination.
On the whole, the big bears seem
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Most Feared Man Of North Anatolia
Coast; Drives Liquor Out
Of Country.

Kerrassounde, AnatOlia. Turkey
Osman Agha. the newly designated
governor of Kerrassounde. is probably
the most feared man on the north
coast of Anatolia.
When the nationalists selected Os-
man Agha to impress Greeks. Armeni-
ans. Jews and Turks alike into Mus
tapha Ken,ars army they took into
their camp man who would have
been Il terrible menace in opposition
ranks and who ia nerciless in exc.
cutting the orders of the AngOra gov
eminent.
Osmnn Agha has been for years the
self-cOnstltuted boss OF KerrassOunde.
Until recently he was only mayor Of
the little city. But no provincial gov
ernOr could give the old bandit chief
orders. In fact. he always managed
to unseat all provincial officials. Turks,
Greeks. Armenians and Jews fear him
alike. hut had to obey his orders.
Osnan Agha was even q self-cOn-
stitutel regulator Of wOmen's fashions.
He rated the higl-heeied shoes and
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22

icdn StRte VAST DlTO ret-
uge. So. while Louisiana did not help
the women to realize their ambition
for "vOtes for women In 1920" she IL
going to help them keep their swear
Oft on wearing aigrettes and wild-bird
piumage on their hats.
II all the plans go through Louisi.
ana's bird refuge will be huge one.
In any event It's big one. as such
things 90. Of course. some Of the big
national parks With their thousands OF
square miles of wild-life sanctuary are
bigger. But LouiSianaS refuge Is
quite big enough to accomplish its
purpose. And geographically it is just
exactly where ii ~ needed. 1t fronts
an the Gulf of Mexico. extendin: back
far enough to take in rolling prairie
ani wooded upper land. ideal terri.
tory for the preservation and propaga-
ton of bird life of various kinds. 1t
lies directly in the paths of migration
north and south through the MISSISSIPPI
nj valley. up and down which accord
ing to observers rt the United States
biological survey. passes more than 81
per cent of the migratory game birds
that enter the United States from
either direction each season.
Ey This action nf rhe legislature I.oui-
Sinna became possessed Of 1914 1900
Acres through two gifts one is So
COO acres in Nplmiriou parish from
the Rockefeller foundation and the
other is 5000 acres. including the IA
NOUS Marsh island, from The Russell
Sage foundation.
The>e TWO tracts We're allotted 10
,he state five years ago ON the coudi-
tion tl,at tie state conservation de-
rartment should demonstrate for five
Years is ability To protect the Wild
lille md /" establish breeding places
Scr MI Tie resident birds and for MI
VII" visitors frnln central and South
-Amcrie:l, MeNiro ana the north The
conservation Department afd n GOOD
i"h and Wroir q. l.. u. NJ The end of
'h,'S" lily" y""t>. Ihrrrupon the Two
FOUNDATIONS informed the state tint
they were prepared l." turn over the
tract in p,.rneluily So the legislature
passed cnahijn- actS. permitting the
>taie IL receive these tracts and to
nre>srS" them forever us wild life
Refugees.
Prior I" this Legislative action the
stat" Of louisiana had been The recipi-
rnf OF Il gift of 1900 acres in the
>a,ne part of the state from Charles
Wills Ward and John Avery McGlen-
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22

than the highest previous total. It
is estimated that during the year 1919
the number Of registered clubs In.
creased by upward of 900. and passed
the previous highest total-that Of
$500 on January l. 1915. The increase
would appear. states the report. to he
due In some degree to the revival of
clubs which fell out Of existence dur.
Ing the war, and In greater degree 10
the institution Of new clubs to meet the
desire OF large numbers OF men to
maintain associations formed during
service with the forces In the war.
There were In England and Wales on
January l. 1919. some 84.O44 premises
licensed for the sale Of intoxicating
liquor on or OF the premises. and e.
2ss off.lioa"ses. giving proportions. &C.
c0rtltng to the estimated population.
or 22.41 on-iicenses and 5.84 oif-licenses
per lO.OO persons. The full figure Of
on.licenses showed q decrease upon the
year Of COO. In the ten years 1895 to
1904 the average annual decrease was
1885, For the fourteen years 1905 to
1918 the average was 1902 and during
1919 the decrease will probably prove
to have been about 600, making an
annual average for the fifteen years
since the Act Of 1904 came into oper-
alton Of about 1000. and leaving 4
total Of about 81. 43S on.licenses at the
beginning of the year 1920. The de-
crease In the number Of off-licenses
during 1910 will probably prove to
have been about 81. compared with
1856 during the preceding twelve
months.
The number Of licensed premises
closed since January l. 1905. when the
Licensing Act. 1904. came into opera
tion. is 1904. and the new licenses
granted GA. making the total net de-
crease Of licensed premises over the
period 5000. TIE number of licenses
extinguished with compensation in
f31!-namely. 49S-while higher than
the figures for 1916. 1917 and 1919, ia
only half the average for the years
preceding the war-19O5 to 1914. The
loss Of efficiency in this method of
abolisl,ing redundant licensed premises
is due mainly to two causes, viz, (a)
failure on the part Of the compensa-
ton authorities to raise the funds
authorized by the act, and (b) in
crease In the cost Of tie licenses.
During the year 1.459 license holders
were prosecuted and there were $50
convictions. In 1918 the figures were
aprreciably greater. being respective
~ 1,7o3 and 1.141.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22

ny. 1t also had its own refuge Of 49,
UV acres. So the state Is now in pos.
session Of 234.3OO acres of refuge.
/ This land is worth not less than $40 an
acre. ut a low estimate.
And this is not all. Gov. John NJ.
Parker. Conservation Commissioner
NJ. l.. Alexander and Mr.. Mcllhennv
have plan to increase the total acre
age to $4,000 In one big tract.
The Rockefeller foundation and
Ward-Mcllhenny tracts are separat.
ed by two other tracts. One Of the lat.
Ter is tract OF 4%.OCO acres. lying in
Eermil'on parish and owned by the
Vermi!'on Bay company. The other
is a tract Of $1,000 acres. belonging
to several owners. BY the addition
Of these two tracts the big bird refuge
would have an unhroken frontage of
% miles on the gulf.
Commissioner Alexander believes
that the next year will see the pur.
chase of these two tracts by the state
AND their addition to the refuge. II
Is stated that n ma iority Of the own
ers of the $4,000 acre tract have
agreed tn sell to the state for refuge
/ purposes M pric" apprOXimating 81
an acre This is virtually a gift to
| the state Of half the value Of the
! land.
/ Mr. Mclfilenny has been called the
| father Of wtId-iife conservation in
The south. Apparently he deserves
the title Anyway. il was he who in
tiuenred Mrs. Sage 10 make the Marsh
island purchase
I}e tjSrt work of the denartmcnt
was In eliminate the market hunters
which was done by means of armed
Ward"ns authorized aS deputy Sher-
Hts and mar>halS. travelling in motor
patrol boats equipped with small rap
id-tirc guns. 1t was Il hard fight.
Louisiana has long been tie haunt of
>WarmS of market hunters and pu-
mage hunters. Many battles We're
! fought between tn" WartlcnS and the
roarh"r>. 1he most sensational. pos
>ihly. was that in which Rene Sau-
nier fought Il echour gun battle
with six market hunters The warden
was shot in rhr eye And the lung. hut
arrested all SIX iaWhreak.rS Snunier
nearly died. bat finally recovered. Ali
six Of the puacil"rS III" serving terms
N states prison and Marsh island is
free from their kind nowadays.
Soon after obtaining the Russell
sage foundation gift Mr.. McIInenny
Went again Ia New York and with
Mr.. Wards assistance. succeeded in
per>uadin@ the Rockefeller foundation
10 take action.
But long before Mr.. McIlhenny was
tracts for the state he was mt work
on his own particular bird refuge on
his plantation of Go.nOO acres on Ver-
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22

One Of the documents is n con,rac,
signed by John Robinson. leader of
The Pilgrims, declared to he the only
signature of Robinson which has been
preserved. and this discovery may
lead to the Identification of other
writings by him.
The second document is n LETTER.
written by William Bradford a short
time before his departure from Hcl-
lahd. lie h'as af,erward governor Of
Massachusetts Bay colony.
The third paper DIR. Eekhof discOv-
cred is the last will of Bridget White,
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Naval Planes Aid to
Chesapeake Fishermen

WaShingtOn.-.iS result Of
patrols maintained by naval sea.
planes. Chesapeake bay fisher
men are making the biggest
hauls on record. Reports to
the navy department from the
commandment Of the naval cir
station mt Hampton roads said
the patrols had proved ''inlis.
pensahle" to the fishing indus.
try in those waters. Immense
schools of fish are spotted al
most daily by the seaplanes, 1t
was reported, and fishing fleets
are given the location by radio
communication or. II within
sight. by flag signals.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
English 'Drunks'
Double In 1919

be stated rs follows: There were more
men ut home, and fewer of them In
khaki. more policemen land those less
overWOrked) available for street duty
more hours for drinking. more land
stronger) liquor. more light in the
streets. more money. more leisure, less
self-cOntrol. less appreciation OF the
fact that drunkenness matters now
the war Is over, less readiness To
realize that the progress toward gen.
erai sobriety won during the war ought
to he carried on in peace time, and
lack of adequate equipment for driv.
Ing that point home.
OF the 57.94S convictions in 1919.
53.62l. or % per cent, occurred in 90
lice districts wholly within the opera.
ton Of the Central Control Boards re.
strictions. 3,7O4 in districts partly with
in. and 623. or just over one per cent
In districts entirely beyond their
scope. 1t will be seen that the table
given above Is dominated by Greater
London and Northern England. I. e.,
the counties north Of a line drawn
from the mouth of the Severn to the
Wash. Together. Greater London and
Northern England with a population
of about u per cent of the total for
England and Wales) account for ST.
$50. or 03 per cent Of the total con-
vtcttOns. Greater London showing
about 20 per cent Of population and sc
per cent Of convictions and Northern
England 81 per cent Of population and
- per cent Of convictions for 1919
were 1915 per cent in excess Of those
for 1918. and Northern England
showed an Increase Of 90 per cent :
hut the December figure for Northern
England was just over five times as
great as in 1918. while the Greater
London December figure was less than
four times as great.
Tables are given showing the con.
victiOnS Of men and women separately
for each month Of 1919. OF the total
number 81 per cent. or 4B,7G5 convic-
tons related to men. and 1l,1S3. or 10
per cent to women. In relation to the
estimated number Of persons Of -
years Of age and upward in 1919. the
figures represent for men 80 per TO-
600, and for women nine per 10000.
The figures for men are more than
twice as numerous as those recorded
IN 1918. viz. 21.Sj3. and exceed the
total for 1917. viz. 34.lO3: those for
women exceed the 1918 total of 7.ooo2
by - per cent. but do not reach the
1917 total of 12.3O7. In both cases the
increase was continuous. with slight
fluctuations throughout the year. and
the highest percentages Of increase rs
between one month and the next were.
in both cases between February ard
March. 30 for men aud ~ for women,
and between November and December,
IS for men and lS for women.
Clubs on Big Increase.
At the beginning If the year there
were S.O49 clubs registered-S53 less
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Statistics Just Announced Reveal
Startling Reaction From
Dry Wave.
BEGAN BEFORE WARS END
Women Keep Step With Men In Re.
turn to Old Era Of Drinking Days
Number Of Registered Clubs
increased Some 900,

Iondon.-The licensing statistics for
| 1919 show that during that year there
occurred strong reaction from the
notable decrease in convictions for
drunkenness which began In the lat
ter months Of the year 1914 and per-
sisted through the years 1919, 1916.
1917 and 1918. The total number Ut
convictions for drunkenness in Eng
land and Wales in 1919 was nearly
double the figure for 1913. viz. 57.948.
as compared with 29.O75-an increase
Of 2S.S73 or 1913 per cent.
| The reaction. 1t il pointed out. he
gan in the middle of the year 1918.
and was at first gentle aud hesitating :
Il gathered force early In the year
1919. and from March onward the az.
ures for every month, with the ex.
cepti0n of October. exceeded those for
the preceding month by percentages
which were never less than five and
rose to - as between December and
November. and 48 as between Marcl,
and February. As compared with the
corresponding months Of 1913. the tig-
ures for every month in 1919 from
March onward showed increases vary
ing from to 31S per cent. In Sep
tember. 1919. the convictions were
nearly three times, in November more
than three times. and In December
more than fOur times as many as in
the same months in the year 1918. On
the other hand. December IL the only
month in 1919 which shows figures
exceeding One-half Of those for the
corresponding month Of 1913. the year
in which the convictions reached the
maximum recorded (1SS.s77): and the
other months range, in relation to
1919. from less Than one-half to less
than One-fifth.
Some Of the Reasons.
In some general comments on the
statistics of drunkenness the report
states:
There is in these records of convic-
lions for drunkenness and the move
ments shown therein Il great wealth Of
material for research into lie problem
of public drunkenness and it's causes.
consequences and cure. But the en-
terprise is long and difficult. and. TO
be successful. ought to march with
practical administration and expert
ment. More or less superficial manip-
ulatiOn Of the figures and facts on
paper has all the dangers and sterilitv
Of mere speculation. Out of the many
and various contributory circum-
stances it is almost impossible and
extremely unsafe to isolate this one
or that one. or this or that group. and
call 1t the cause Of the particular
movement which may he under con-
sideration. Some of the circumstances
or causes-which operated Mt different
times. in different ways. and in differ
cnt degrees in different diStricts-may
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Turk Governor Iron Ruler

short skirts which MOslpm women con.
led from their French sisters.
He dried IN kerrassoun,le by meth,
DDS MS direct as those of the late Car
RE Nation. Without warning he went
TO all the liquor shops ana poured
all the spirits into the streets.
immoral women became too consn,c.
nous in 'Kerrassonnde. Consequently
he ordered that the heads Of all such
women he shaved. Many of the WON.
en- left the town.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22

John RObinSOn's wife. and contains :.
considerable quantity of Interesting in.
formation about R"binSon's household.
DR.. Eekhof has added to his y.ork
the facsimiles of the three docpn,.,,.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Nest Of SO Rattlers
Blocks Work on Road

Fossil, Ore.-Workmen on the
John Day highway are confront.
ing an unusual difficulty in en-.
cOuntering large number Of
rattleSnakes. The survey Is
through numerous rocky hills
and there the snakes abound.
In cutting through rocky banks
they run onto whole nests Of
them. 1t Is said that recently
they found 50 in one nest.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
kentucky's Infant Prodiov

Louisville. ky.-Ear Manley. aged
seven years. is getting his first taste
of school. yet he has entered tho
NTH grade. AT the age of three no
had read several books. He Is tho
youngest fifth grader Kentucky has
ever had.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Right Up to Bedside II Neee...rx

Kh"Xville. Tenn.-TelephOnes from
the pulpit to pews for the deaf have
proved SO successful that the Broad.
way Baptist church il planning to
have the pulpit connected by telephone
with the homes IT those unable to NJ.
tend church SO that nobody need miss
the sermon.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
PILGRIM DOCUMENTS FOUND
Give New Light on Residence OF Fa-
theirs in acknowledgements.
by Prof. Eekhof.

I.eyden. H"lland.-New light is
thr,,wn on the residence of the Pill
grim Fathers in Holland by three old
a.smmcn,s which Prof. Eekhof discov-
.srei In the archives of l.eydeE and
which he published on the occasion Of
th., Dutch Pilgrim Fathers celebra-
ticn here.
The Powder River County examiner and the Broadus independent. [volume] (Broadus, Mont.) 1919-1935, 1920-10-22
Sixteen Years for Ls.e m,,...x

Sixteen Years for less Majesty.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. years in nrison
was the sentence imposed on Profes.
sor Cnamuna. who was convicted ~
'ese majesty. 1t being charged he
wrote three articles criticiziny the
Spanish monarchy.