The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1920-06-10

to the exclusion Of any other contro
or use, and that all radio station,
not necessary TO the government FOL
naval communications should be clos
ed. The enforcement Of this ordei
was delegated to the secretary of the
navy.
Restored 70 Their Owners.
Continued agitation for the return
OF the stations 10 private operation
and for permission 20 reopen the sta
lions which were closed, resulted In
an executive order of February IL
1920, by which all stations taken ovei
by the government we're ordered re-
stored To their owners as of midnight
February 20. 1920, and all stations
closed were permitted 10 be opened
by the private owners ms Of that date
The fact that for considerable
| period private enterprise had been ex-
cluded from active participation in
the business Of radio communication
and the further fact that most Of the
ship-to-shore stations along the Allan.
tic and Pacific coasts and on the
Great Lakes had been purchased and
were owned and operated by the navy
department. gave rise 10 the fear that
private enterprise would be unable 70
meet adequately the communication
requirements ~ the present and i'm
mediate future II the navy wholly and
Immediately withdrew from the field.
and II was urged that legislation /.
necessary In order "a permit the facili-
ties of the navy department 20 be util-
lied for purely commercial and pri-
vnte purposes by the shipping and
business interests Of the country.
Revising Articles OF War
A revision Of the articles Of
war is now under way. The
senate and house committees on mill
tary affairs are In substantial agree
ment as to the changes that shall be
made in the present articles. A bill
embodying the proposed changes has
been reported favorably by the house
committee.
Following are the salient features Of
the revision:
I. A charge must be preferred I'M
der oath. by any person subject TO mil
ltary law.
?. Speedy hut thorough and Impair
tlal preliminary investigation will be
had In all cases.
g. Under the proposed revision com
handing officers will be brought more
frequently into personal contact with
alleged offenders.
I. Disciplinary punishments, prop
erly limited, are preferred TO trial.
;. Neither trial nor punishment on
trivial charges. no action by a court
when disciplinary action Is sufficient.
no trial by either special or general
court-martlal when an inferior court
can properly dispose OF the case.
Junior officers Affected.
G. Junior officers made subject TO
disciplinary punishment as well as en-
listed men. ...'sa.! 4 G,ss Z lg't!E fs-s,.
7. Furnishing power Of summary
courts reduced TO one month, in order
the sooner TO return offenders TO
duty status.
8. Summary and special courts pow
er Of forfeiture reduced TO two-thirds
Of soldiers monthly pay In order that
funds for laundry toilet necessaries.
etc. may be available.
q. Maximum limitations Of member
ship IN court In special and general
courts-martial removed, to prevent
technical reversals in some cases; not
to Increase the size Of courts. as quail.
Ity is more important than quantity.
10. All members of the various
courts 10 be the best available for the
duty-age, training and judicial TEN
permanent considered
IL. Law member Of general courts
martial provided.
- The right 10 counsel fully recog-
nized Defense counsel and assistant
defense counsel. when needed, pro-
vided.
10. The oath OF the trial judge advo-
cate Is changed 10 insert an allegation
to faithfully and impartially perform
his duty.
IA. Provides for one peremptory
for each side. the law men,
Der. however. being subject 10 chal.
lenge only for cause.
Is Embodles In statutory form the
existing practice requiring reference
10 staff judge advocate for his ac-
tion and advice before referring
charges TO a general court-martial or
acting on the proceedings thereof.
Unanimous Vote for Death.
10. Death sentence 10 require
unanimous vote of the court. d.
II. For convictions other than death,
two-thirds vote instead Of a majority
required
IS. Acqulttals TO be announced by
the court.
10. No recommendation of acqult-
tails. and no increase Of sentence on
revision or new trial.
20. Certain convictions, under reg.
10 be announced by the court
n. The proposed revision author
lies the president 10 prescribe limits
Of punishment In time of war as well
us In time of peace.
for nm al lagal /