The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1920-01-23

derground water Is without merit although
"forked-stck artists from experience often are
better able to judge the probabilities of ground
water than the average person
Various Kinds Of Wells.
Wells are spoken Of as shallow or deep. dug,
bored, driven. drilled, and in the OF tuhu-
lar wells nonfiowing. flowing. artesian.
Persons interested in the various types of wells
and their construction advantages. disadvantages
etc. will find the subject treated in Farmers Dull
letin No. 941.
Wherever possible, the farmhouse should be
fitted with sort of running water system.
simple or elaborate. according to the investment
the Is able To make. For such systems
water may be raised by natural flow. hydraulic
rams. pumps, air lifts, nIr-displacement pumps.
Hydraulic rams the most economical water
lifting devices Since rams of various sizes and
makes perform differently II usually Is necessary
to accept the mechanical details determined by
the manufacturer. The minimum,
than the average, flow OF the spring should le-
termine the size of the ram. Otherwise. the one
selected may be too large for the dry-weather
flow. Small flows may be determined by noting
the time required to fill vessel of known
paeity. Larger flows may be determined by weir
measurements.
When the water supply Is far from the ram
site. II Is usual TO pipe the flow to an open link
or reservoir located so as 10 secure the desired
length and fail of drive pipe. Sometimes the
flow Of spring Is too small 10 actuate ram that
instances and where nearby brook can hc
damned 10 obtain the necessary power head. The
reeoI of the ram mny be employed TO admit the
spring water. which Is pumped by a fall of he
brook water TO the pipe drive
Motion Of water produces friction. which In
creases with the length and roughness Of The
pipe and the rapidly Of the waters movement
Hence wherever much water Is TO be delivered
through n long pipe the power or head necessary
to overcome friction should he determined. The
bulletin mentioned before (Farmers Bulletin No.
BAD contains a table which shows the friction
head that IL. the number Of feet to be- added 10
the vertical height for each 100 feet Of iron pipe
mot newt TO overcome friction wheu dischsrg-
Ing given quantities Of water.
Selection OF Pump.
In the selection Of pump one should deter
mine the kind Of well TO be used. It's inside ~.
nn,eter depth TO the bottom. the depth cas'd,
depth to the water level. both when the pump Is
n, rest and In operation. and the maximum
Yield The maximum quantity of water required
per day should be calculated also. One si,oeid
also determine the distance from the we'll Ia
nror,ose,i location Of the pump and the vertical
height between these points: likewise the dis
lance from the pump to the reservoir or tank end
the vertical height between these points. The
Kind of power he employed should be settled
upon aso-hand power. windmill. gasoline ar ell
engines. electric motors-hnd the method 81
transmitting the power
Farm pumps usually are OF tue suction m.
force. deep-weIl type or some combination Of
,hese Suction and lift pumps do not raise wa
TOR above the pump discharge IL under press
ure Suction pumps require the cylinder 20 he
above the water level Of the supply II q per
fer, vacuum eova be created within the cylinder
water could be raised vertically by suction J39
feet nj sea level. However. the actual suction
lift is usually not than two-thirds of the
theoretical lift. Methods of making tight joints
are described in the tniietin referred 10.
ffFa may sg-
tances providing the friction loss plus the yer
teal height from the water level TO pump valve
does not exceed the limiting suction lift. Where