The Idaho Springs siftings-news., 1920-01-09

RUNNING TO FIXTURES
pump cannot be placed that the limiting
suction lift will not be exceeded. 1t is necessary
to lower the pump cylinder into the WELL raising
the water from the cylinder to the spout by the
direct lift Of the piston Water be pushed
more easily than 1t can be pulled hence, ruther
than resort to extreme suction lifts 1t is prefer
able to lower the cylinder to within 15 feet or
less of the supply. still better to submerge It,
Where water is discharged against pressure
force pump is necessary. practical instaa-
ton for the kitchen sink is combined suction
and force pump which will be found a great la
Dor saver for the housewife.
Deep-Weil Pumps
Deep-well pumps are heavier and stronger than
those described above. They may be of the lift or
force type and the standard working head is
always directly the well. The cylinder
should be (within Is feet) or else below
water level which pumping and drought may
ate Submergence is the preferable arrange
ment. In all installations the size of the pump
ing cylinder must be determined from the size
depth, and yielding power of the WELL the guam
tity of water required. and the available power
Deep wells and hand WINDMILL outfits take
small cylinders.
Pumping by means of compressed air is very
old but the systems used prior to 1909 required
the air supply to be turned or shut Off accord
ing to whether or not the water needed
Based on patent granted in that year, n two
cylinder airdisplacement pump submerged in the
water supply and controlled by the opening and
closing of the faucet, was devised. The essen
Tia. parts of installation. besides such a pump
an air compressor. storage tank. engine or mo-
tor-wfth air and water pipes and minor attach
ments. The pump operates only when water is
used starting whenever a faucet is opened and
continuing until all faucets closed.
The chief advantage of air-displacement pumps
is that water may be taken from ordinary depth
lateral distance. or from several sources. with
power outfit and delivered direct from the
well to the faucet. The power plant may he
located wherever convenient and many pumps
may be used as there are sources of water. Beth
hard and soft water may be delivered by using
two pumps and the necessary piping systems
Air-dispacement pumps are not adapted at pres
ent to lifts much over 125 feet to wells ,css
than three inches in diameter. nor can they be
used where more water is required than the
well supply within a specified period. Air
pipes and ar-displacement pumps must be tight
and remain tight in service, and working parts
must be kept in good order
Horsepower Needed.
Water may be raised by hand, windmill hy
draulic rams. steam hot air. gas. internal-com
bustion engines. electric motors. Hand power
is unsuited to large supplies or high lifts. Wind
mills probably the most familiar type of
chanica1 power used, and often arranged to
start and stop automatically Gasoline and oil
engines are well adapted to farm pumping, and
may be equipped to stop at any desired pressure
In a supply tank. The of electricity for
pumping is increasing. The method is clean,
quiet, and convenient. and starting stopping
distant pump by throwing switch may be prac-
teal wherever transmission lines sufficiently
The theoretical horsepower needed to raise
water Is found by multiplying the gallons pumped
in one minute by the total lift. in feet, including
friction in both suction and discharge pipes and
then dividing the product by 1000. The horse
power as computed, should be multiplied by from
two to four to overcome losses in pumping and
still allow for reserve of power. Ordinarily
one to two horsepower engines are sufficient fol
farm pumps, but it is always safest to determine
this point by computation.
An advantage to be derived from the well-in
stalled farm water system often overlooked Is the
benefit 1t affords in the way of fire prevention
With relatively small expenditure, fixtures can be
added to pipe system. which give ready access
to the water supply for fighting flames. In al
most every fire can be easily put out II
discovered Mt its early stage, providing there IS
fre-fghting apparatus near by, and all hanas
even the children, are taught and drilled to use
such apparatus coolly and skillfully.