davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-10-10


perence when the new Mrs. Alex
ander Smith Cochran approaches It.
The new Mrs. Cochran was formerly the
lively Polish actress and light opera sing
er, Madame Gamma Walska. She is strik-
ingly beautiful. very picturesque and
audacious.
Mr.. Cochran has been known for sew.
eral years rs the richest bachelor in
America" and is worth about 500, 900 900.
Americas richest bachelor has naturally
attracted great interest among the fair
sex, not only on account OF his vast wealth,
but also by reason OF his craftsmanship,
his modes. and retiring manners, his good
looks and many other qualities which
should be acceptable in husband.
His recent sudden marriage is all tho
more surprising because he was looked
upon as a confirmed bachelor. Some of
the most beautiful women in America had
tried to tempt him away from this occu.
patton. but in vain. He was graduated
from Yale In 1896 and is forty-fve years
old. When man has remained bach.
elor until that age there is tendency to
regard him as confirmed"
Mr. Cochran for years showed marked
determination to preserve his independ.
ence few years ago, when he was
turned forty. he exclaimed proudly:
Thank God. I am still a bachelor!"
Perhaps dangerous boast Forty-0ye
is critical age for a man. He may have
re1oiced In his freedom up to that time
and then he suddenly develops fear OF
loneliness. Quite recently it was noticed
!. that Mr.. Cochran was very devoted ia
pretty Martha McCool. OF the Tuxedo
Park colony. who has taken such
The Washington times., 1920-08-08
The Very Room,
Where the Lord,
Hardened
Pharaoh s Heart
and the Balcony
from, Which
He and His Queen
Threu, Gold to
Their People
Discovered by
I,aoL~,,7ousoEo
American ArchdeolOgists

through DR.. Fisher. After an absence of
six years Dr. Fisher has returned to Phil.
adelphia with enough stories and infor-
nation about Merenptah and his magnii-
cent palace at Memphis to fill several in
teresting volumes.
There are so many interesting stories
about our work." DR.. Fisher said that il
actual thrill Of stumbling upon a buried
city was not ours, for we knew when we
began work that something was hidden
underneath these mounds. About seven
years ago some natives In digging found
an inlaid limestone doorway there. Inlay,
or faience work, is usually connected with
the palaces of kings, and we knew some
thing rare was concealed beneath the
piles of debris wh8n we came to the
majestic framework with the name of
'Merenptah. Ruler of Upper and Lower
Egypt engraved in hieroglyphics, we re-
allied that in all probability the Pharaoh
Of the Exodus had lived here.
when Merenptah succeeded Rameses
H. (the Great). his father, he was nearly
sixty years old. Rameses had thirteen
sons, but he reigned for such long period
(sixty years. that all Of them were dead
except Merenptah According to the mon.
uments erected by Merenptah he reigned
for eight years-possibly a number more
but the records on his monument do not
show the exact number. 1t was the Gus
tom of the Pharaohs always to build their
own palaces For this reason, IL no other,
II was not considered necessary to have
them made of stone or more durable
material than hardlbaked clay When the
Pharaoh died his successor chose another
site and the former palace would be left
to crumble into ruins. In the course of
time the earth would settle about the ruins
and there would be a solid piece of ground
apparent On this another home would
be built, and this, too, would go through
the same process of disintegration. When
we dug up the palace OF Merenptah we
found five levels. each with house built
on II. We cleared out the lower three and
found them Of the same type as the native
villages Of to-day the whole house being
no larger than one of the rooms of the
underground palace"
The palace OF Merenptah Is by far the
largest and most complete yet excavated
in Egypt Next in importance, DR.. Fisher
said. are those at El-Amarna and at Luxor.
These are the palaces OF Amenophis III.
and his son. Amenophis W., who reigned
one hundred and twenty years before
Merenptah.
"In Merenptsh's palace" said Dr. Fisher,
I'VE found the framework OF balcony, the
only one OF its kind known to be In ex.
istence. In those days the Pharaoh was
regarded as too august parsonage to
come in contact with his subjects. Only
a few OF the highest mobiles would dare
approach the royal presence. Merenptahs
palace was one story high, except for the
balcony, which was approached by stair.
way back OF the throne. " was netner
in the nature OF roof garden. From
this balcony. according to the hero
glyphics left by the Pharaoh, he would
The Washington times., 1920-08-08

hundred years b. C. The palace still
shows marks of fire, and 1t is presumed
that It perished in the sack OF the city and
was never rebuilt Btt some time must
elapse before the exact date can be dis
covered.
The most important feature OF this pal
ace was an immense throne room which
occupied the centre Of the building This
is room about forty feet by sixty feet in
area, The roof was upheld by six immense
columns in two rows, all of which we're
elaborately carved. They are unfortu-
nately broken to pieces, only the bases
being In good condition. The walls of the
room are in a much better state of pres
ervation. Some Of the beautiful door
ways,> with jambs and lintels, are almost
perfectly preserved. These we're inlaid
with faience and in some cases with pure
gold. Enough remains to indicate that this
The Washington times., 1920-08-08
Head of the Pharaoh Rameses H.,
Identified as the Pharaoh of the
Oppression, Found in an
Egyptian Temple.

The work has been going on ever since
February, which Is, the time for beginning
work in this section. Before that time the
high water Of the Nile percolates through
the soil and ruins and makes excavation
impossible. DR.. Fisher has a large corps.
of the most expert diggers at work and
uses a small railway for getting rid OF
detritus. He has Just closed operations
until cooler weather sets In.
Owing to the great war, Excavation in
Egypt has almost wholly ceased except by
the Eckley B. Coke and the New York
Museum of Art expeditions. The Ameri.
cans have been able to secure the SER
vices Of many natives who have had long
experience in the work. These Egyptians
have great intelligence, and four Of the
foremen employed by DR.. Fisher have been
at work for so many years that they are
really archaeologists of a good deal Of
knowledge and can conduct work indepen.
IDENTITY save for general supervision.
One feature OF the palace is exception.
ally interesting The Pharaoh Merenptah
was apparently an art collector on his own
account and had an archaeological museum
of his own. DR. Fisher found many ar.
ticles Of the stone age which may be any
where up to forty thousand years Old
flint knives, razors, sickles, spear heads,
etc. There were also some remains of the
very ancient Sixth Dynasty OF Egypt. II
Professor Flinders -Petrie's estimates are
correct we are living nearer TO the time
OF Merenptah than he was to the Sixth
Dynasty, and he priced the finds OF early
Egypt as much as we prize the discoveries
of HIS own doings. This is the first ar.
chaeological museum-if II be such--which
modern archaeology has discovered
The throne discovered by the explora.
tion is being kept by the Egyptian Gov.
ernment, but one OF the pillars and six OF
the mighty doorways, inlaid with gold and
faience, have been presented to the Uni
versity Museum by the Government,
Great britain Rirhts Reserved
The Washington times., 1920-08-08

throw down rewards to his subjects, es-
pecially to victorious army commanders.
Instead of receiving a mere medal. as
would happen to-day, they would receive
beautiful gold necklaces or chains Of
ensmeled beads from the Pharaoh. The
Queen. too, would come out on the balcony
at times and throw down showers of gold
to loyal subjects"
In the Eckley B. Coke, Jr, expedition,
besides Dr. Fisher, was Ashton Sanborn,
now connected with the University Mu-
scum as assistant curator Alexander
Spanakidis. a Greek, who is now at the
museum, and who intends to return to
Egypt in the Fall, and native Egyptian,
who acted as Arabic interpreter and had
been educated in the American schools in
Egypt. were also experimenting various
parts of the excavating
The actual digging was done by about
one hundred and fifty little boys, the Oldest
not more than ten, who tunnelled through
the earth and debris until they struck a
part Of the ruins, in many places eighteen
feet below the surface of the earth Than
the native experts took hand. These
men were of wonderful assistance to the
party, DR.. Fisher said.>
There were eight months in the year
when Memphis was inundated by the
waters of the Nile. and during this long
season Dr. Fisher and his party worked at
Dendereh excavating a cemetery. The
graves were from the early dynastic
period, 5000 B. c. to 1,S00 B. c. At that
time II was believed that the dead
lived a life underneath the ground
similar to the one on earth. When man
died his remains were placed in mud brick
tombs, and with him small clay models
of Che things to which he was accustomed
in life II he was man of means he had
& small chart buried with him, giving the
number of acres owned by him, his locks
ships. servants, and also a drawing of the
luxuries to which he was accustomed
While the sun was shining on earth It was
believed the dead slept. Then when the
sun disappeared from the view of mortals
It became daytime among the dead, who
woke up and carried on the various occu-
pations with which they were familiar
Trays bearing food we're placed in the
after world as in this.
The stones at each grave had chiselled
upon them the heads of the man and his
wife who were buried beneath. While
working at Dendereh DIR. Fisher came
across the tomb Of one riNer who may have
rivalled the romantic matrimonial career
OF King Henry VIII. On this tomb, back
OF the mans head, which was always in
the foreground and much larger than the.
woman's. were the faces OF three women.
THE three women we're OF equal rank"
DR.. Fisher explained. (which made II all
the more curious The nobility often had
more than one. wife, but only one was re-.
garded as Of equal RANK with the husband
and deemed worthy Of mention on a monu-
ment. This man was evidently married to
three women/of his own station. and he
was going to take Their all with him to the
next world"
The Washington times., 1920-08-08

The palace is about 140 feet long and
100 feet wide and contains twenty rooms
"A row Of pillars decorated the front. and
behind the entrance there was grand
vestibule containing two parallel rows,
running across the building, Of six columns
each. These we're about four feet in diam
eter and the height was proportional. Only
the bases and some fragments remain, for
the fire seems to have been highly de-
structive. II is evident that the palace
was constructed without regard to cost
and II is most unfortunate that so much OF
" has been destroyed. II Is presumed
that DR.. Fisher, who is an architect and
who has been exploring in the Orient for
dozen years will be able TO work out
restoration" OF the building which will
give clear idea Of how II appeared before
destruction. He has already prepared a
ground plan in great detail
tcD 1920 International Feature Service Inc.
The Washington times., 1920-08-08

bTHE very throne hall in which Moses
called down the ten plaques upon
- the Pharaoh of Egypt has been
excavated.
This remarkable achievement is the
latest work of the Eckley B. Coke, Jr.,
! Expedition to Egypt. Mr. Coke is the pres
/ ident Of the University Museum connected
[ with the University of Pennsylvania. The
present work in Egypt is in charge of DR..
Clarence s. Fisher, one of the curators of
the museum.
! The wonderful hall stands in the great
palace of the Pharaoh Merenptah at
Memphis in Egypt-the greatest palace yet
found. And not less wonderful than the
finding of the hall is the finding of the
gorgeous throne itself on which the Pha-
raoh sat when he gave audience to Moses
and Aaron.
Scholars generally agree that Merenptah
was probably the Pharaoh of the Exodus
the. Pharaoh who would not let the Israel
ties leave Egypt until he was smitten with
the ten plaques, and who even then changed
his mind, pursued them, and was over
whelmed in the Red Sea.
The Pharaoh of the Oppression was
Rameses H. the Great The Bible men,
tions his name in connection with the
cruel labor he forced on the Israelites at
the towns of Rameses and Pithom. Now
an original inscription of Merenptah, the
son of Rameses, speaks of his victories
over the IsTaelites, and this makes it prob
able that he was the Pharaoh of the Exc
A. r.
This being so, 1t must have been in the
throne room of Merenptahs palace that
the scenes described in the Book of Exodus
occurred-scenes that are among the most
impressive in the sacred history. 1t was
here that the majestic leader, Moses, and
his priestly brother, Aaron, appeared be-
fore Pharaoh and warned him to let the
Israelites leave Egypt. 1t was here that
Aaron cast down his rod and commanded
It to change into a serpent, which devoured
the rods Of the Egyptian sorcerers, a
miracle that should have convinced Pha-
raoh that the Almighty was on the side Of
Israel
From the throne now discovered the
proud Pharaoh, perhaps inwardly quaking
at the miracles he witnessed, refused to
listen to the warnings of Moses. In this
same throne room the Israeite leader
bravely repeated his warnings again and
again! One after another the dreadful
plaques fell upon Egypt, but Pharaoh re.
fused to let the Israeites go until the
plague of the hrstborn broke his heart.
Even then he changed his mind and pur-
sued the Israelites to the Red Sea, where
his army was drowned, as the Book OF Exc
dus tells us.
Last year DR. Fisher unearthed the ruins
OF the great temple of Pharaoh Merenptah
al Memphis, where II had lain buried for
centuries. II was in this temple that
Moses is supposed TO have spent some OF
his time, but the discovery has been ex-
celled in interest by the discovery this
year OF palace belonging to Mer.
enptah near the temple. This Ia one OF
the few palaces discovered in Egypt and
the only one at Memphis, the early capital
OF Egypt, which was destroyed some six
The Washington times., 1920-08-08

m u st h a v g.
been a gorg-
eous room, and
It is probable
that 1t was the
most rich y
decorated ever
built in ancient
Egypt.
At one end
Of the room Is
a raised dais
W ith s I ep s
leading to 1t.
This dais and
the stairs are
also inlaid and
carved. Upon
this dais stood
the throne up
on which the
mighty p h a
raoh sat when
he listened to
the leaders OF
the Israelites.
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24

lation say the manufacturer should not
kick because he can stop his plant while
farmers cannot.
Herein is danger of lot of friction.
The manufacturer takes different view.
He has been complaining, too, about the
tariff situation. To attempt the enact
ment of tariff on agricultural products
alone is likely to bring protest from
manufacturers that will be vigorous and
determined. If the western representa-
tives fail to get what they want there
will be lot of hard feeling at the very
outset of the new administration which
Republicans are anxious to avoid.
Difference of Opinion.
There is naturally great difference of
opinion as to what is best for the relief
of agricultural conditions. The south is
interested because of the difficulties cot
ton growers have had but representa-
tives Of that section are not at all sure
that a protective tariff is the thing that
will help them. They want something
done that will afford easier credit and an
outlet on the markets of the world for
their goods.
The bill to permit farmers to form CO.
operative associations, which has now
passed senate and house, is expected to
help relieve some of the conditions, but
it is not thought sufficient to remove
ineauities that now exist. Revival of
the war finance corporation to assist
in placing cotton and other goods in for
eign markets is being urged Amend
ment to the federal reserve act to per-
nit the financing of agricultural pro-
ducts also is strongly favored.
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24
Ladies of Maccabees
Elect at Cut Bank

Special to The Daily Tribune.
Cut Bank, Dec. 23.-The Ladies of
the Maccabees held their annual election
last week at which the following were
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24
PHOSPHATE MARKET
IS NEXT OBJECTIVE
ANACONDA COMP ANY
Plans to Treat 1000 Tons Rock
at Wash0e WOrks-Will Take
in Other Branches.
Special to the Daily Tribune.


Butte, Dec 23-Expansion plans of
the Anaconda Copper Mining company
are worthy Of more than passing attyn-
ton, particularly i'll connection with
this corporations entry into The field
of the manufacture of fertilizer. scope
which IS designed to bring the Anaconda
to position among the leaders Of this
agriculture necessity.
Railway Is Constructed
Seventy men are employed at the pres
ent time in the development of the An
aconda's phosphate deposits near Soda
Springs, Ida, TO which point q branch
line of the Union Pacific has been con-
structed. eight miles of road building
necessary. Power connections have been
made and the driving Of two tunnels now
is under way to open phosphate beds
at depth Of about 200 feet. with these
two working about half n mile apart.
A crushing plant will be installed for the
crushing of such rock as will be shipped
in it's crude state to plants other than
at Anaconda for treatment In the prop
GRAFTON Of it's own product the phosphate
rock as it is broken down will be shipped
70 the Washoe works of the Anaconda
and there converted into fertilizer
through treatment with sulphuric acid
tWO LOus Dl Lie lhLbtI utiIE uSrN " oLC
ton of phosphate rock.
TO Treat | 900 Tons Daily.
1t is planed to ship around 1000 tons
of rock daily TO the Washoe works and
TO expedite this work the Anaconda al
ready has two locomotives on the grounr,
has completed its ~" tracks and shortly
will commence the building Of 5000 ton
bin Within three months the company is
planning to be able to ship crude phos
phate rock and perhaps a fair sized ton.
age of the prepared fertilizer. 1t has
formed the Western Phosphate company
and its selling organization thus far has
sounded out +he trade with very promis
ing results.
Indicated tonnage Of phosphate rock
is said to Approximate 200,0O0.0OO ac-
cording to circles believed to be in touch
with the Anaconda, and a supply of ore
adequate for 100 years IS assured.
To Produce Sulphuric Acid.
Satisfactory experiments have been
made by the Anaconda's chemists in con-
nection with the manufacture of sulphu%-
ic acid and the company thus enabled to
avail itself Of considerable economy in
its production which is a factor of No
small consequences, particularly as n
the manufacture of fertilizer channel Is
afforded the Anaconda for the use Of sui
phurc acid which otherwise is not had
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24
Estate of Descharnps
Worth Quarter Million
According to Inventory

AIissoula, Dec 23--The estate of the
late Gaspard Deschamps, who died in
Pennsylvania this fall as the result of
injuries received in q railroad wreck, is
valued at s245, ,114.ST, according to an
inventory and appraisement filed with
the clerk of the district court
Deschamps had money to the value Of
81, ,44047. His personal property was
appraised at S52,776.4o ard his real
property at S190.s9S.
Six farms are listed with the real
property as follows: Como farm. Sill
625; Sanche farm, SIS, ,766; home farm.
S27029 Latimer farm, s74,T33, Bedard
farm. SCI ,s65; Bisson farm. Sl1,Sso.
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24

chosen: Clara Princehouse, commander;
Coral Worden, lieut.. commander: Verda
Hull. record keeper; Minnie Hilla. lady
at arms; Gertrude O'Brien, chaplain;
Minnie Humble, sergeant.
Installation of officers will take place
on December q followed by banquet
Banks Of Lake Huron are especially
}nw
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24
New Sheriff Moves
Into Town to Take
Up Official Duties
.ial to The Daily Tribune.

Special to The Daily Tribune.
Harlem, Dec. 23.-Harry Becker. the
new sheriff of Blaine county moved
from his abode near Silver Bow to the
county seat on Monday and is now com
fortably domiciled in that city getting
things in order to take over the reins
of the sheriff's office in the court house
on Monday, January 3, when Sheriff
Laswel steps out. Mr.. and Mrs. Becker
have secured quarters in the Prosser
house for the present.
Mr. Becker has appointed G, w.
Flemming as undersheriff, the man who
is now holding that position under Mr.,
Laswell Ike Duncan has been appointed
deputy sheriff. Mr.. Duncan served as
undersheriff for Mr.. Laswell for Is
months. He resigned last spring to go
ranching, but has consented to get back
into the harness again with Mr.. Becker,
Mr.. Duncan has moved his family from
Coburg an dthey will live in their own
residence here in Harlem.
Great Falls daily tribune., 1920-12-24

remoteness from the market and higs
freight rates putting the Anaconda out
Of the running in competition with other
sudphuric acid makers, and the company
has had to contend with making enough
acid for its own uses in the flotatloh
process Of concentration of ores and toA
such nearby milling concerns as employ
the flotation method, resolving itself INTO
a situation whereby the Anaconda man
ufactured only three per cent OF WhaC Is
could Of sulphuric acid were there use
for it, the balance of the sulphurlc beng
projected into the atmosphere through
the stacks of the smeter and lost.
To Enter the Brass Market
With the Anaconda producing both re
fined copper and zinc at Great Falls.
the two essentials in the manufacture OF
brass the company is giving this sub
ject attention and has constructed Il %
ton brass furnace at Great Falls with
view to experiments in the brass hne
and there is expressed little doubt that
in the course of comparatively short
time the Anaconda will be found IN this
branch of endeavor upon commercial
scale.
The Anaconda also is enlarging its
lead reduction operations at Great Fails
the conversion of one of the old Boston
II Montana stacks into a lead stack nav
ing proved successful and now two more
stacks are being altered to serve the
purpose of treating the residues from the
electrolytic zinc plant for their lead con-
tent.
May Produce Aluminium
Another subject engaging the atten-
ton of the metallurgists Of the Anaconda
is that Of the reduction of aluminium
but at yet no decision has been had
Electrical power consumption in the pro-
duction of aluminium from bauxite. the
chief ore of aluminium clay Is so heavy
as to necessitate the giving to the SUD-
ject considerable experimentation, from
the standpoint of cost reduction. The
aluminium field is regarded as very large
but attended as yet By many metallnrgi'
cal problems which offer study for the
comDany's chemists and engineers
Anaconda for sometime with good re.
suits, il is said, has been engaged in the
sale through its Chicago office of white
lead and zinc oxide and the production
of metallurgical side lines, in addition 70
the production of ferro- manganese has
been given attention.
The copper metal situation is at a
comparatively low ebb, the Anaconda ar
parently doing no more than to maintain
a minimum production and preserve its
working organization. The corporation
is operating at less than 40 per cent OF
capacity. The miners and other crafts
have reconciled themselves to the wage
reduction and no radical talk OF any
character is heard. the situation being
understood and appreciation being ex-
pressed that the operations are continued
instead Of complete cessation Of mining.