The courier-index., 1920-01-09
Treaty and Covenant of League Killed for Present by the Ac-
 tion of the Senate.
BOTH SIDES DISOWN BLAME
atification With Modified Reserva- tions May Come at Next Session. Efforts to Avert Coal Shortage Disaster-President Will
 son Summons New in-
 dustriaI Confer
By EDWARD w. PACKARD.

The treaty with Germany, including
 the covenant of the League of Nations, is dead for the present so far as the
 United States is concerned. Everyone knows that, but opinions as to who
 killed it differ irreconcilably.
 The lethal dose administered to the
 pact in the senate was compounded of
 stubbornness, desire for revenge, per sonal pride, partisanship and desire to protect America against the more or less imaginary plots of foreign na- tions. Who contributed these various elements the reader can tell as we'll as the writer.
 The firmness of the president and his most ardent supporters lasted just a little too long. Otherwise compro- mise might have been reached which
 would have been measurably satisfac- tory to all except few irreconcilables 50 few that they would have been showed under But when Senator Hitchcock took to Mir. Wilson in his sick room the news that Senator Lodge and his followers had adopted the com mittae list of reservations. the presi- dent declared he would pigeonhole the treaty if it were ratified in that shape.
 and asked the Democratic senators to vote solidly against the ratification.
 He gave no hint that he would accept any compromise. and the Republicans,
 with the few Democrats who had stood l with them all through the fight, there
 upon brought the matter to final vote
 at once.
 For four and a half hours there were
 roll calls and parliamentary maneuv- CTS in the course of which Hitchcock vainly tried to get vote on mild
 reservation resolution, but the Repub- licans were too angry to listen to him. Twice the senate voted on the Lodge
 resolution of ratification with reserva-
 lions and twice 1t was defeated, the first time by 30 to 55 and the second time by Al to 51. Between these roll
 calls vote was taken on Underwood's
 resolution for unqualified ratification
 This was beaten, 3S to 53. On the Lodge resolution 13 Republicans voted | in the negative both times. These sen ators had declared themselves against the treaty and league unreserveGly. | The mild reservation Republicans
 could have been captured for com
 promise if Mir. Wilson and Senator Hitchcock had started on that line
 earlier. but as it was Lodge was able
 to hold them in line throughout. While the treaty is admittedly dead,
 1t may be brought to life at the regu-
 lar session which begins Monday. De
 cember 1. If President Wilson re-sub-
 mits 1t to the senate and shows a dis
 position to accept modified reserva-
 tions. it is not unlikely that it will be
 ratified in such way that the other
 powers will acquiesce. The alterna-
 tive before the senate will be adoption
 of the resolution introduced by Sen
 ator Lodge just before adjournment Wednesday night and referred to the
 committee on foreign relations with out debate. This declares the state
 of war tetween the United States and
 Germany to Se at an end. It requires
 the concurrence of the house but, ac-
 cordng to general practice, no action i by the president follows.
 Senator Borah. one of the irreconcil- ables, who wants to keep the United
 States wholly aloof from the affairs of
 the rest of the world, predicts that the
 treaty with the league covenant includ-
 ed, and with the Lodge reservations
 somewhat modified, will ultimately be ratified. According to Mir. Hitchcock, many of the reservations are objection