Carrizozo outlook. [volume] (Carrizozo, N.M.) 1910-1945, 1920-09-03

When Miss Anthony began talking
In public of "woman's rights" she wal
derided and Missed by the men In hen
audiences as a "frehk OF nature" On
dismayed, she carried the campaign
TO congress and TO the states. During
the Civil war she demanded that WON
en- be given equal rights with the new
~ e~nfrnnchlsed negroes. The answei
she got was: "This II the negro'i
hour" For several yehrs after the
Civil war Miss Anthony ~endeavored 10
secure an Interpretation Of the four
teenth and fifteenth amendments
which would allow women to vote
Finally, In 1872 at Rochester. N. y.
she tried 10 force IN Interpretation by
voting Mt the polls. She was arrested
and fined. She refused to pay the
fine, but vas not sent to jail.
In 1876 Miss Anthony drafted the
amendment to the Constitution which
has now been ratified. In 1873 the
amendment was introduced In the sen,
ate by Senator Sargent OF California
II was defeated In 1887 and thereafter
was not YER debated in congress TN,
I'll 1914.
During the years the constitutional
amend nent campaign vas making no
progress the women won many vic.
tories In the states. They secured full
suffrage In Wyoming (1s69), Colorado,
Utah and Idaho (1S04), Washington
(1910), California (1911). Kansas, Arr.
IONA and Oregon (1012), Montana and
Nevada (1914), New York (1017), ok.
lahoma, South Dakota and Michigan
(191S). They Won presidential sur.
frage in Illinois (1913). Nebraska.
Rhode Island aud North Dakota
(1017), Iowa, Wisconsin, Indiana,
Maine, Minnesota. Missouri and Ten.
nessee (1010) and Kentucky (1920).
Partial suffrage prevails In many OF
the states. In Illinois, for example,
women vote for candidates for all Of
fees not mentioned by the state con-
stitution.
The National American Woman
Suffrage association In 1912 opened
headquarters In Washington and be-
gan nm active campaign for the
passage of the amendment. In 1915
II established branch headquarters
there which were devoted entirely to
the amendment campaign.
The National Woman's party, or
ganized In 1910 by Alice Paul, estab-
llshed washington headquarters In
1918 and introduced the militant into
the campaign.
Alice Paul-the third Qunkeress to
immortalize herself-ls the %spectacu-
lar figure of the struggle. She Is a
practical politician and developed the
deadllest card index on members OF
congress that practical politics has
ever seen. Pretty soon she vas serv-
ing notice through the White House
pickets that the president was the
imam higher up" The arrest Of near
ly 500 Of these plckets and the imposl-
ton OF jall sentences had no effect.
Incidentally Miss Paul herself served
seven terms In jail.
The amendment was beaten three
times IN the senate and once in the
house before Il was finally passed by
the Slxty-slxth congress June 4, 1919,
by the necessary twO-thlrds majority.
The resumption of wOman suffrage
work after the Civil war was marked
by the organisation In 1860 OF two ma
tlonal organizations: National Won
an Suffrage association, with Mrs.
stanton and Miss Anthony leaders and
headquarters In New York American
Woman Suffrage association, with
Mary A. Llvermore, Julia Ward Howe
and Lucy Stone leaders and h%eadquar-
tiers IN Boston. The line OF division
was this: The former wished to
concentrate on the passage OF n con
stitutlonal amendment the latter
was la favor OF obtaining the suf-
frnge through amendments to state
constitutions. In 1890 the two organ.
lzations were united under the name
OF National American Woman Suf-
fage Association, and work was
pushed along both lines OF endeavor.
Mrs. Stanton was president until
1892. Miss Anthony served until
1900. r%esignlng at the & OF eighty.
Mrs. Carrie Chapman Gait was It's
head, 100O-i004. DR.. Anna Howard
Shaw, recently deceased and possibly
best loved OF all the leaders-a won.
an Of transcendent gifts and elo-
quence-was president until 1915.
Mrs. Gait was then agnlAs chosen.
Mrs. Frank Leslie left a large legacy
to Mrs. Gait to be used In the work.
The National association made ar.
rangements at the ST. Louis conven-
ton OF 1919 to dissolve its ~organiza.
ton and become the League OF Won.
en- Voters. These arrangements be-