The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1920-01-07

Sx1AAL40 AVA G00 EN-
mittee on foreign relations, proposing
amendments and four reservations to
the peace treaty. Senator Hitchcock
presented a minority report. recon-
mending the adoption Of the treaty
without reservation. There began then
a determined fight between the oppos-
Ing forces In the senate, which ended
finally In deadlock that prevented
the ratification Of the treaty either
with or without reservations.
President Wilson had continued to
combat every suggestion of a change
In the treaty or the covenant Of the
League Of Nations and in an effort to
force its ratification had undertaken
an extensive tour Of the country. be-
ginning on September 4. After deliv-
ering more than forty speeches
throughout the West he broke down
under the strain and was forced to
return to the White House. His con-
dition was regarded as very serious
and he was unable to take a leading
part in the battle for the treaty when
the contest reached its climax. The
president still insisted, however, upon
the adoption Of the treaty without res
ervations. and when the question came
to final vote In the senate on Novem-
her 10 the Democratic minority. aided
by number Of Republicans opposed
to the league In any form, defeated the
majority resolution Of the Republicans
which would have carried with 1t the
reservations adopted by the senate.
Senator Hitchcock thereupon offered
a resolution providing for ratification
OF the treaty without reservations. and
this, In turn, was defeated, a number
OF Democratic senators voting with
the Republicans. With q compromise
between the opposing groups appar-
emily impossible, the senate ad-
| journed.
In the meantime the peace treaty
had been ratified by the other great
allied nations and by many Of the
smaller nations that had been engaged
In the war against Germany.
Foreign Affairs.
While the treaty was being negoti-
ated conditions remained very un-
settled not only In, the territory which
had been included in the four defeated
nations but throughout Europe. Rus
STA continued in state of turmoil
throughout the year. Although the
bolshevist government under the direc-
ton of Lenin and Trotzky maintained
Its control over a large part Of the
former empire 1t was hemmed in on
all sides by opposing groups which
attacked 1t with varying success. The
newly constituted nation Of Poland
was beset for time on all sides, but
1t, too, succeeded in weathering the
storm and had established a stable
government before many months had
| passed.
Failure to reach a settlement Of the
Fiume question continually threatened
an armed conflict between the Italians
and the new Jugo-Slav state. Serious
conditions existed in Hungary both be-
cause Of internal disorders and be-
cause Of clashes with Roumania and
with the new Czech government.
In Germany split among the Ger
man socialist leaders resulted on Janu-
airy z in serious street fighting. The
government was seriously threatened
but on January its troops in Berlin
were REINFORCED and regained control
Of the situation. On January 16 DR..
Carl Liebknecht, leader Of the Spar
tacans. or antigovernment faction, was
killed while attempting to escape after
arrest in Berlin. His companion, Rosa
Luxembourg. long known as a radical
leader both in Germany and Russia,
was killed by mob. Disorders in
Germany were suppressed and on Jan
assembly, the majority socialists led
by Chancellor Ebert retaining control.
The assembly met a Weimar on Janu-
airy 6 and on February II elected
Chancellor Ebert as first president Of
the German republic, after adopting
provisional constitution. In Poland
opposing factions reached an agree
meht on January II whereby Ignace
Jan Paderewski became premier, with
General Pilsudski as foreign minister
and NJ. Demoski as president.
Opposition to Japanese control had
been developing rapidly in Korea and
on March IL Korean nationalists is
sued a declaration Of independence,
/ declaring themselves ready to slight to
the last drop Of blood" Serious disor-
ders also were reported in Egypt In
support Of the nationalist demand for
autonomy and on March rs the Brit
ish secretary for war, Mr.. Churchill.
admitted that the whole Of Egypt was
virtually In state Of insurrection.
On March 10 new Germano-Austrian
| government was established at Vienna
/ RAnnAH nh