davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Real Thrift
From, the Clothing Mana
facfurers' Point of Vtezu

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: For two years the clothing an|
haberdashery manufacturers have bee
inundated with letters and telegram
complaining of non-deliveries or lad
deliveries. Production in the sarmen
industries during that period fell to Il
per cent OF the pre-war normal, o-nsid
ering the numbers engaged. Trsvelin|
men in two or three weeks sold an ed
tire half years output, and thereafte
being virtually idle until the next sell
ing season, were "going stale" on th|
hands Of their employers. Mills di !
appointed regularly. Indeed, msnd
featuring in these lines has become no
only unsatisfactory but actually dld
couraging.
But apart from thrusting upon thI
clothing manufacturing industry an adj
ditional burden of woe in demand fol
perhaps tens of thousands OF OVERALL
the proposal to stop buying is real
menace to our national wellbeing. Th(
apparel industries rank third in volumI
in the United States. Let buying stoI
suddenly and generally and thst third
largest industry will become crippled
and demoralized, with untold conss|
quences upon our present prosperity
Tho trades Of the country are all
wrapped up IN the same bundle.
There are, however. wholly practical
and harmless means Of cutting living
costs. There Is a program on which
producer, manufacturer, jobber and
consumer may and will gladly unite. u
is this:
Let it be understood that overslld
shall be the emblem of the movement
only, as was Gartbaldi's red shirt Of thd
revolution. Do not order them unlesd
you are a laborer. Omit the references
to non-buying, but buy only when abso
lutely necessary, and then of durableI
worth while goods, in which alone lies
true economy. (Only sturdy suit IS
fit to be turned, for instance, after
goodly weary Hold economy parades|
and economy meetings and proceed on
the following lines:
/. Thrift. Every one save something|
every week.
2. Economy. No buying OF necess'-|
ties until absolutely unavoidable. sio|
the latter end wear old clothes as long
as they can be made presentable.
8. No buying of luxuries at all.
4. Increase production. Every man
do an honest days work.
S. Smaller profits. Producer, manu-
facturer, jobber and retailer to shs0'
their profits for the common good.
FREDERICK 7. FRAZER,
Editor "The Haberdashe'.
New York, April %, 1920.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Army and Navy Pay

1t would have been q harsh in
sistence on the paramount necessity
of economy if Congress had refused
at this session to give some relief to
our underpaid military services. The
efforts of the leaders in Congress to
keep down public expenditures this
year and next year are commend
able. Retrenchment is a patriotic
duty. Yet although there is much ex-
travagance in other branches Of the
public service there is none in the
present army and navy pay rolls.
And In comparing appropriation
totals now with those before the
war, allowance must be made for de-
probation of the dollar. The COM
pensation Of our fighting forces has
shrunk greatly in purchasing power.
1t isn't fair to ignore this fact or
to deny readjustments which will
help to restore a parity between
salaries and the cost of living.
The agreement just reached by
the conferees on the army and navy
pay bill is an emergency compro-
mise. It offers temporary relief for
the period between January /, 1920,
and June 80, 1922. It is therefore
not open to criticism as a permanent
settlement, since the agreement
provides for an investigation Of the
whole question of army and navy
pay in it's relation to the added cost
of living.
Enlisted men in the army and
navy, the Marine Corps, the coast
guard, the Coast and Geodetic Sur
vey and the public health service,
and army and navy nurses are to re-
ceive advances running from 20 per
cent to 80 per cent. The variations
in the rate Of increase are due to off,
setting ration and other allowances.
Commissioned officers up to rear
admiral and brigadier general are
also to have their salaries raised
20 per cent in the lowest grades, 25
per cent in the intermediate and Is
per cent in the highest.
So far as the officers are con-
cerned this measure Of relief will
probably give only a moderate meas
ure of satisfaction. Yet it points
the way to a more generous settle
ment later. BY June 80, 1922, the
government ought to be able to get
back to something like a peace basis
of expenditure, and economic condi-
tions will begin to be stabilized. Cen
orally speaking, the United States
has paid liberal salaries to its SOL
diers and sailors. There will be little
disposition to depart from that prac-
tice in the future.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Beyond the Wireless Horizon

Some folks have taste for ouija
boards, some for psycho-analysis,
others for the Einstein theory and
the fourth dimension. Our own per-
sonal prediction, we confess, turns
strongly toward our neighbors the
Martians, now practically around
the interstellar corner, being only
some 55,000,000 miles away in a
southeasterly direction any clear
evening via the Nebraska radio or
any other direct route.
Sitting with ones fingers on a
wooden board or sitting in at any of
the Sunday manifestations Of what
or those we politely or trustingly or
irreverently (as our opinion runs)
call "spirits" seems a very tame
proceeding alongside of what DR..
Millener is doing out at Cedar Creek,
Nebraska. There is more action in
the mediumistic world, such as it is.
But there are times when silence
and nothingness are more compelling
and thrilling than any table that
ever danced around black parlor.
AS, for instance, when DR.. Millener
tuned his giant antennm up past
the great wireless stations of the
world, till Valparaiso, Chile, and
Hawaii died away and absolute
interstellar quietude came as the
significant answer.
1t is long shot, obviously, that
there should be wireless messages
pulsing our way from Mars. Wire
less Is new toy of us earth men.
10 assume that the Martians DOS
sess it Is to assume an evolution
and a civilization paralleling our
own, and despite all the speculations
ana guesses we really know moth
ing at all Of Mars save certain
rudimentary appearances revealed
by the telescope. OF any beings
that may be upon Mars the wisest
astronomer knows nothing more
than Mr.. II. G. Wells or any night
walker who knows Mars only as
red eye stuck in a velvet sky.
1t Is sheer guesswork, q leap into
inc dark, in every sense, that is be-
ing attempted In the Nebraska ex-
pertinent. The chances are I'm
lnensslY against sny pos1tivs ~
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Spending Ones Own Monex

The blatherskite outcry against
legitimate publicity expenditures bv
candidates for Office continues to be
heard, but its tone Is less confident
and full-throated.
beiated realization has apparently
come as to where the current arp,,-
ment against corruption actually
arrives, especially the doctrine that
~ u right for candidate to spend
ms own money and that wrong
comes IN only when funds ara con.
tributed by others.
Hearst is not deemed want;no ~
'mpudence and is so cynical concern
ing popular intelligence as to tb;nk
tne people can be induced TO swal
low almost anything, but not even
mis- colossal assurance is equal tn
assuming that the public has for
gotten the millions he has scattered
In politics. So ne has regarded it nee
essary to justify personal expendi-
lures and to vent his Indignation
only against contributions. simi-
larly, Governor Lowden's friends as
thought Of the Pullman fortune
their minds, have been i'm
PEELED to indorse the Hearst digcrim-
ination.
II the moth Of corruption does not
inter until financial help comes from
'thsrs. whittier has tho argument
'rTived7 Obviously at the conclusson
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
The Shortage of Teachers

julius II. Barnes, chairman of the
Institute for Public Service. re-
Gently asked university and college
presidents to suggest methods to
attract more recruits to the teach.
ing profession.
The replies are various and inter-
esting. There is, of course, general
mention Of the lowness Of compen-
sat1on and Of the loss Of social
prestige as causes Of the shortage
Of teachers. But many other causes
are listed. President Thompson of
Ohio State University speaks Of the
executive preference for young men
and women in all employments. So
ciety, he holds, does not make ade-
quate use Of the man or woman above
fifty years, with the consequence that
the school, which also seeks the
young, competes in field where de-
mand exceeds supply. He would use
older men and women of fitness and
be less eager to retire" the expert
enccd.
President Burton of the Uni
versity Of Minnesota thinks the
meagerness Of financial return has
been overstressed. Many, he says,
would gladly respond to the plea
for service for the sake of service.
lhls view is echoed by many, and
there is promise Of an organized
effort to arouse a missionary spirit.
One important reason for the
shortage Of teachers these answers
do not take into consideration. It
is the opening Of more fields of en-
ployment to women. Scarcely q
generation ago teaching was prac-
tically the only vocation welcoming
women of education who needed
to make a living. Recruits of the
best quality swarmed from refined
homes. 1t was the day Of the much
beloved schoolma'am. Then other
jobs were offered, and at the same
time school authorities steadily in
creased the difficulties Of getting a
license. The combined effect was
to dry up the sources Of supply,
though 1t is doubtful whether the
quality Of teaching has been essen
TALLY improved. School graduates
do not seem Of specially high quality
That paucity Of the compensation
is not the prime cause Of tho short
age is indicated by another fact
namely, that pay is now relatively
higher than over before. In 1880
500 900 publis school teachers re-
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26

ceived, on an average, 5000 a year.
IN 1915 the teachers employed num-
bered 100000 and the average
annual compensation was 5000. No
other vocation had its wages tripled
in the same period. Since 1915
pedagogic wages have relatively
fallen back, but, speaking broadly,
teaching is financially more re-
munerative than in days when there
was no shortage of teachers.
For the decline in the number Of
male teachers the later age of gradu-
alton from college and the sitter
requirements for entry into pro-
fessions are largely responsible.
Time was when it was a routine
thing for young men to teach while
preparing to ornament the legal and
medical professions. Now they
must be in residence at the tech
nical school or in a hospital. The
public's health may be better served
and the law may be less afflicted
with the ignorant, but the cost is
subtraction from the potential teach
ing force. Fifty years ago approxi-
mately half the teachers of America
were men, whereas now the percent
age is about 20.
Higher salaries will, of course,
tend to lessen the shortage, but it
is probably mistake to attribute it
altogether or even chiefly to poor
pay. For what are deemed suffi-
cient reasons the amateur has been
largely driven from the schools, and
special inducements must be offered
to induce men and women to be
teachers all their lives.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Legislative Hysteriia
Three Bills Nom Lying on the
Governor Desb

0OpCtUOI ACSH
To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: Do you realize the absurdity and
wretched consequences Of tho Lusk bills
which the. anti-Socialist hysteria of up
state has brought to the Governors
table?
Senate bill 174 will oblige every teach
cr of dancing, music, Red Cross work
or anything, every leader Of Boy Scout
troop, every humanitarian who has
settlement class ON his own responsible
ity, every linguist who teaches French
or Latin to a few friends, to pay SIS
and take out a license from the Regents
CT tho University Of the State of New
York. Only chartered schools and rec
ognized churches are exempt.
Bill 1875 provides that these teachers
may be driven from their profession or
their voluntary service, at any time, by
one man, without a trial. With a good
low-brow politician as Commissioner of
Education, as the upstaters would next
arrange, any person spreading his or
her influence in any personal way, for
reform or livelihood, could be silenced
if in any way he or she had offended
the politicians.
Bill 1,272 provides force Of secret,
political police, under the Attorney Gen.
eral exempt from the civil service rules
for appointment or governance, costing
100000 g year and devoted, without
any doubt, to the most odous espionage,
graft and the trade Of agent provocu-
teur. Such lawless and vile inquisi-
tion has been unknown since the Bour-
hons and the Cars.
These three bills should be repudiated
at once by a Governor and a free citi-
zenry awakened to the tyrannies pro-
posed. s. COLUMB GIL FILLAN.
New York, April 20, 1920.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Service Men on Memorial

TO the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: There appears in the press Of
Tuesday morning, April 20, the fol-
lowing sentence from the report of
the jury of artists Of the art and execu-
tive committee of the Mayors Com
mittee on the Permanent War Mem
orial:
at was duly decided that no pro-
posal primarily or mainly utilitarian
in scope would be entertained"
/ wish to draw to the attention of
yourself and Of your readers tho fact
that a referendum hold among tho
posts Of the American Legion Of tho
five counties Of New York City showed
that 90 per cent Of the members Of
these posts desired a war memorial
which would be utilitarian and not
merely beautiful. OF tho replies re-
ceived from these posts only about
6 per cent asked for an arch, a ceno-
taph or a statue.
Attention is further called to the
fact that of the various societies, fed
eratlons, chambers, etc, represented on
the selcctive committee there does not
exist "a single veterans organization.
In other words, the men for whom this
memorial is to be erected seem to have
been deprived Of any voice whatever
as to their own desires. In fact, that
committee was notified Of the result
Of this referendum, and the report as
submitted on Tuesday morning would
seem to be a reputation of any inclina-
tion to take cognizance Of the desires
Of the ex-service men.
HUGH w. ROBERTSON.
Assistant to the Commander of the
American Legion.
New York, April 81, 1920.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
The Worm Turns
fFrom Tho Phiiadelphia Inorirs

fFrom Tho Philadelphia Ino~irsrj
The plan for "one big union, '''
motive power in the "outlaw" str'Ks' -
there is some reason to believe. nss
not have gone completely sstray si'',
ali. In fact, the idea has been se''.~
upon avidly by thousands who h'tns.''
have not had the least notion OF '0'''
ing any union whatever.
These are members of that sns"'
and long-suffering body. tho puv"v
whose interests are usually the ''s
to be considered. With their exPe''
ence in running trains in an emefSe"Ns
they advocate preparedness for sues
other unexpected work - may % -
upon them. -,
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Blacklisting Senator Reed
The Missouri Democratic Stat

Inc MISSOURI OemOcratlc State
Convention has denied the right of
the Kansas City Congress district to
send delegates of its own choice to
San Francisco. One of the black
listed delegates-elect was Senator
Reed. The Administration faction
in Missouri was willing to go to al
most any lengths to prevent his sit
ting in the national convention. In
order to blacklist him they annulled
the action of the Democrats of the
district Of which he is resident.
Democratic usages allow the i'm
position of the unit rule on a state
delegation. Senator Reeds vote at
San Francisco could have been cast
for him by the majority of his as
sociates. This practice amounts to
a sacrifice of district representation
to the theory of state unity. Tam
many has often voted many anti
Tammany delegates that way. No
Democrat can complain of such a
suppression Of individuals or minori-
ties. 1t is a good illustration of the
autocratic and centralized methods
which the party Of Jefferson con-
demns in principle, and takes to so
readily in practice. But it has been
tolerated for many decades without
serious protest.
1t is novelty, however, to hold
that a Congress district electing
delegates under party rules may not
name any one who is not acceptable
to the state convention. If that
doctrine is carried a little further
the national committee, which makes
up the convention roll, may assume
the power to exclude members of
any state delegation who are per-
sopally out of favor with it. The
will of the party thus becomes mar
rowed more and more to represent
only the will Of its agents. The
agents become the masters. That is
the principle which has been rigidly
lived up to under the present Adj
ministration, which has everywhere
tried to coerce Democratic voters
into nominating only Administration
Democrats for office, and which, in
1918, asked the country to return no
Republicans to the House or the Sem
ate because Republican members
had been "for the war but against
the Administrations"
The Democratic National Conven-
tion of 1912 demanded the fullest
possible development Of popular rule
in the election Of delegates to ma
tional conventions. After seven years
of wisconsin enthusiasm for this
principle has faded out. The Demo-
cratic managers now want to deal
with a hand-picked, uninstructed
body of delegates. The Kansas City
Democrats elected Senator Reed. But
he wasn't up to the latest specifca-
tions. The Democrats of Nebraska
have elected Mr.. Bryan as a dele
gate-at-large. Is he in danger of
being barred out, too, because he is
not an Administration Democrat?
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26

Some time ago I wrote bitter at
tack on H. Sd, the reactionary. in
which I stated that his political emo
tions made it necessary for his parents
TO avoid the use of "proletariat" and
such words except when disguised by
the expedient Of spelling out "p-r-o-l-e-
t-a-r-i-a-t." And it is only fair to say
that the device takes a good deal Of
the zest out of sedition. I also stated
at the time that we had been able to
keep the picture Of Trotzky over the
mantelpiece in the red room by men
daciously telling H. Sd that it was a
portrait of Nicholas Murray Butler.
1t now becomes necessary for me to
make a public apology to H. Sd. 1t
IS perhaps a tasteess proceeding for
me to drag his private political views
into print, but the retracton ought to
have as much publicity as the original
slander H. Sd is not a reactionary. He
is liberal. 1t would have been perfect
ly safe for US to have said "proletariat"
right out and to have confessed the
identity Of Trotzky. H. Sd might not
have been altogether In support, but he
would have been Interested.
I discovered that he was a liberal
early on Sunday morning while we
were walking in Central Park. We
happened to go near the mcrry-go-
round and H. Sd, drawn by the strains
of "Dardanella," dragged me eagerly
toward the pavilion. I supposed, of
course, that he wanted to ride and had
just time to strap him on top of camel
before the platform began to move. No
sooner were we in motion round and
round, slow at first and then faster
and faster as the revolutions increased
in violence, than H. Sd began to cry. AS
soon as possible I lifted him back to the
1lrm and stable ground and briskly
started to walk away from the scene of
his narrowing experience. I thought he
wanted to get as far away from it an
possible, but after a few steps I no
ticed that he was not following me.
Instead he was hurrying back to the
merry go-round as fast as his legs
would carry him. "Perhaps," I
thought, "he intends to discipline his
will and is going to ride that merry
go-round again just because he is so
much afraid of it," I knew that peo-
pie sometimes did things like that be-
cause l had read it in "The Research
Magnificent" II. Sd. is not among
them. He howled louder than before
when l tried to put him on the camel
again. even tested the fantastic
possibility that it was the camel and
not the carrousel to which he objected.
but he yelled just as vigorously when
offered horse and later unicorn.
Then, ceased to interfere and re.
solved to watch. When the merry-eo
round began to whirl H Sd edged up
closer and closer with look of
the most intense interest which
have ever seen on his face. He
was fascinated by the sight OF
men, women and children engaged in
wild and, perhaps. a debauchine ex-
pertinent. Hitherto he had observed
that people went forward and back In
reasonably straight lines, but this
progress was fiagrantly rotary. / could
not get him away. lie stood his grourd
firmly He would not retreat a sten
nor would he go any nearer. In fact
ne was already SO close to the carrou-
sci that he could have leApcd on board
Win no more than hop. BY leaning
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
Unity at San Reno

Lloyd George and Millerand have
reached an agreement at San Reno
which both pronounce satisfactory.
The questions which kept them apart
concerned only details, after the
British Premier had made it clear
that he was still in favor of the en-
forcement of the treaty and willing
to participate in joint action to en-
force it. What puzzled everybody
for time was his implied inclina-
ton to accept the theory of certain
school in Great Britain that the
treaty ought not to be executed and
that the easiest way to secure modi-
fications was to let Germany nullify
it piecemeal.
Lloyd George, apparently, now re-
jects the idea that modification shall
be permitted through non-resistance
to German annulments. His ap-
proval of Allied notice to Germany
J that she must fulfill the disarmament
clauses will help to remove causes of
dissension such as arose recently in
the case of the neutral zone occupa-
tion. If Germany should reduce her
standing army to 100000 men she
could not hereafter send large bodies
of troops into the neutralized dis
trict, as she did to suppress the Ruhr
disorders. There will be little occa-
sion for France to take military
counter measures if the German
army is skeletonized. according to
agreement.
The British Premier has asked
that the undetermined German in
demnity be converted into a fixed
sum. That is reasonable demand.
1t might have been better if a mini
mum and maximum had been writ
ten into the treaty. The economic
restoration of France, as we'll as of
Germany, would be hastened if both
countries knew what Germany was
going to pay. There is no good rea-
son, also, why France should not dis
claim any intention to annex the left
bank Of the Rhine. All that France
expects is to occupy the left bank un-
til Germany has fulfilled her treaty
contracts.
The discussions and Incidents pre-
ceding the San Reno conference
raised some doubts as to the stability
of an Allied concert to enforce the
treaty. Those doubts have been
largely dissipated by the interviews
between Lloyd George and Mile
rand. However French and British
after-the-war policies may diveree
as to the details Of the reconstruct
tion Of Europe, a common interest
compels them to hold together ON the
main question. Germany lost the
war and was put under bonds to pay
the penalties Of defeat. The security
OF the order established by the
Treaty Of Versailles depends on Ger
many's fulfillment of her pledges.
BY guaranteeing the enforcement of
the compact France and Great Brit
am only guarantee their own future.
II either deserts the other while the
fruits Of victory are being gathered
the treaty will fail Of its purpose,
EUROPE will crystalline into new
"arrlng groups and the great war
may soon have to be fought over
again.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26

suits whatever. But we own to
listening in with a will, which is
moro than we can say for the
chatter Of the spirits or much Of the
ingenious "bunk" which is relayed
from sub-conscious egos via dream
land and the brash key men who
have picked up a smattering Of DR..
Freud's pathological code and would
interpret the whole universe thereby.
New-York tribune., 1920-04-26
lust an Usual

uFr"n Ths Philadelphia InQusrer)
When the coal men remark that
IAN advance may be necessary to take
up part Of the burden Of the wage in
crease we know what they mean, all
right. They'll make the advance and
the public will take up the burden of
the incrcase--plus.