Evening capital news. (Boise, Idaho) 1901-1927, 1920-01-04

v
use Of both dirigibles and heavier than
air machines for commercial purposes.
The first nonstop flight across the
Atlantic was made on June IL and Id
by Captain John Alcock. British flyer,
and Lieutenant Arthur w. Brown, his
American navigator. who covered the
1900 miles from Newfoundland to Ire
land in vickers- vimy machine in
16 hours and IL minutes.
The British dirigible, R-3l, carrying
81 persons. started from Edinburgh on
trans Atlantic flight to New York
on July and reached its destination
on July Q. The RIA made the return
trip without mishap in three days and
three hours. reaching England on July
10.
Roland Rholfs, in Curtiss triplane,
made new altitude record at Roose-
welt field, New York. on July 80. by
arising to a height Of 30,700 feet and on
Sept. IS he broke his own record by
ascending 34,610 feet.
A transcontinental airplane race was
started simultaneously at San Francis
co and New York on Oct. with 6b
competitors. Five aviators were killed
during this race. Lieutenant B. w.
Maynard, known as tho flying par
son." was the first to cross the conti-
nent, arriving at San Francisco on Oct.
IL.
NEUROLOGY
Death took heavy toll among the
leaders In many fields OF world activ-
ity during 1919. The most prominent
Of Americans who passed away during
the year was former President Theo-
dore Roosevelt, who died suddenly at
his home at Oyster Bay on Jan. 8.
Andrew Carnegie, veteran steel man
ufacturer and philanthropist, died Aug.
IL; Mrs. Ella Wheeler Wilcox, writer,
Oct. 80.
With the return Of peace great in
terest was shown in the United States
in 1919 in sports of all kinds. In both
amateur and professional sports. in
baseball, football. boxing, golf, tennis,
and automobile racing competition was
keen.
In the pugilistic world the big event
of the year was the battle for the heav-
weight championship at Toledo, Ohio,
on July 4, between Jess Willard, the til
tie holder, and Jack Dempsey. Demp-
sey knocked out Willard in the third
round.
Professional baseball had the most
successful season it had experienced
for many years. The worlds series
ended on Oct. 9, with Cincinnati the
winner over the Chicago White Sox,
in five out of eight games.
| MAKING OF PEACE
The first steps toward the organiza
ton of the peace congress were taken
on Jan. IL. when the supreme war
council, members Of which were Presi-
dent Wilson and Secretary Lansing of
the United States. and the premiers
and foreign ministers Of Great Britain,
France and Italy. together with Mar
shall Foch and military representatives
4 of the several powers, began actual
/, consideration Of the terms to peace to
be imposed upon the central powers
The peace congress itself, without del
egates from the defeated powers or
Russia, met in the ministry of foreign
affairs at Paris on Jan. Is. President
Wilson proposed Premier Clemenceau
for permanent chairman Of the con-
ference and the delegates elected him
by unanimous yot" 1t was determined
at the beginning that only the five
great belligerent powers, the United
States, Great Britain. France, Italy
and Japan, should take part in all the
meetings Of the conference and COM
missions to be appointed; that other
belligerent and associated powers could
participate In meetings at which ques-
tons concerning them would be dis
cussed.
The question of whether a league Of
nations should be created as a means
OF preventing future wars was one Of
tHe iiTst 10 ue taken up Dy the peace
conference. On Jan. rs the conference
formally declared in favor of the es-
tablishment of a league of nations, and
commission, of which President Will
was chairman, was appointed to pre-
pare definite plan. The league of ma
tons commission held its first meet
ing on Feb. and on Feb. IA President
Wilson read and explained to the peace
conference draft of the constitution
for the league of nations that had been
prepared by the commission. The plan
as presented to the conference, provid-
ed for an executive council, to be COM
posed of representatives of nine nations
and for an international secretariat 1t
was provided that decisions of the ex-
ecutive council should be enforced, IL
necessary, by the prevention Of all
financial, commercial or personal in
tercourse" between the nation failing to
abide by the decision and all other
member sttaes of the league of nations
On the same day that he presented
this plan to the peace conference,
President Wilson sailed for the United
States to attend the closing sessions
of congress at Washington. Opposi-
ton to the incorporation of the league
Of nations covenant in the peace treaty
already had developed in this country.
May the treaty was presented to
the German pienipotentiaries at YER
sailles. The treaty. while II represent
ed chiefly the deliberations Of the
council of four, had been adopted by
a conference In which 81 allied and as
ISOLATED powers were represented. At