davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Delta independent., 1920-12-03
Stockhams to Coast.

Stockhams to Coast.
Departing Monday evening for La
Jolla. California. We're DR.. and Mrs.
"A. II. Stockham. and Mrs. Harhy E.
Stockham and family They expect
TO spend several months on the coast
returning here in the spring.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Court Sets Compensation

Washington-Railroad owners are
opposing that portion of pending rail-
road legislation which they claim
does not permit the courts to set the
valuation on railroad property. The
owners insist that congress has no
right to set valuations and they call
attention to a decision by the United
States supreme court, which trade
unionists and others might well bear
in mind when discussing solutions Of
the railroad question.
In the so-called Monangahela case
the United States supreme court
ruled
"By this legislation congress seems
to have assumed the right to deter
mine what shall be the measure of
compensation. But this is a judicial
and not legislative question. The
Legislature may determine what
private property is needed for public
purposes-that is question of a po-
litical and legislative character; but
when the taking has been ordered,
then the question of compensation is
judicial. 1t does not rest with the
public, taking the property, through
congress or the legislature, its rep
resentative, to say what compensation
shall be paid, or even what shall be
the rule of compensation. The con-
stitution has declared that just COM
pensation shall be paid, and the as
certainment of that is a judicial in
quiry."
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
THE NEXT STRIKE

The end of the steel strike does not
mean the end of the steel campaign.
On the contrary, it merely marks the
beginning of a new phase of strug-
gle which must go on until the trade
unions have overthrown czarism in
the steel industry.
Ordinarily when a big strike comes
to an end without negotiated settle
ment complete Generalization is the
portion of the men. Immediately the
strike is over the employers set afoot
virulent propaganda to destroy the
last vestiges of organization spirit
among their employees. The unions
and their officials are accused of
graft, cowardice, disloyalty and in
efficiency, and discouraged workers,
finding no one at hand to combat it,
fall easy victims to the employers
propaganda.
The twenty-four unions in the steel
industry are determined that no such
condition will result from their strike.
They will stand their ground and fight
Judge Gary every foot of the road.
They have elaborated a campaign
which is bound to increase the high
prestige now enjoyed by the unions
in the steel industry.
AS for the officers and organizers
who conducted the strike, they are
filled with enthusiasm and hope for
the future. They are proud of the
steel strike. A wonderful thing has
been done, The great steel industry,
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16

the despair of unionists for years,
was organized in the face of the steel
trusts bitter opposition. And what
has been done once, can be done again,
and more effectively. No one familiar
with the situation can deny that the
prestige of the unions is now higher
than ever before in the steel industry.
To preserve and to cultivate this
precious good will and confidence of
the steel workers, so that re-organi-
cation may be hastened and condi-
tions in the industry bettered, is now
the big task of the twenty-four unions
A bulletin, printed in several lang
uages, will be gotten out. At least
100000 of these will be scattered
weekly throughout every steel center
in America. Each issue will carry
striking trade union argument bear
ing on affairs in the steel industry.
When company lie is set afoat
among the men, the bulletin will nail
it to the barn door.
Enjoying as they do the confidence
of the steel workers, there can be no
doubt but that the unions will exert
tremendous influence through the
proposed educational campaign. The
steel workers will be kept thinking
alike and in a critical frame of mind.
The power of such a great army of
men merely thinking along the same
lines will be enormous.
The immediate effect of the new
program of the steel industry unions
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Voice of Labor
CZARISM IN INDUSTRY DOOMED
BY UNIONISM
The Right to Determine Conditions
in Workshops Where They Labor
Will Inaugurate Democracy
and End One-Man Rule

Washington - Giving the workers,
through their unions, voice IN de-
termining conditions under which
they labor, is the beginning of dem
ocracy in industry and the end OF
one-man rule in the work shop, writes
President Gompers in the American
Federationist.
The trade union, says President
Gompers gives the worker ian et-
fective voice in determining the
number of hours per day that he shall
work, which means for the first time
in history the worker secures a quit
claim deed to time for rest and study
and recreation.
"When the worker, through his
union, secures sanitary conditions IN
the work place, he actually takes for
himself more of life. When he cuts
down the number of hours per day
that he must spend in the workshop
he actually takes for himself freer
life, happier life and more intelll-
gent life.
"When the worker, through his
union and in association with his fel-
low workers, goes to the employer
and sits down to negotiate about
terms and conditions of employment
he is for the first time able to write
down a distinguishing characteristic
between himself and a piece of ma
terial. For the first time he exer-
cises those qualities which distinguish
intelligent life from inert and voice
less commodities.
"The meaning of this is that
unions have put manhood into in
dustry. They have given to workers
the right and power to exercise those
characteristics that mark men apart
from the things of the world. They
give to workers the opportunity to
exercise the power of selection, the
power of discretion and the power of
authority. An instrumentality that
can bring this development to pass
is one of the greatest institutions
ever known to history and merits the
full acknowledgment of history"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Child Labor Barrier
Lowered During War

Washington - How the barriers
against child labor were let down
during the war is among the subjects
dealt with in the annual report of the
chief of the children's bureau, United
States department of labor.
Even before this country entered
the war, says the report, "a mistaken
sense of patriotism and abnormally
high wages drew many boys and girls
into industry, who, under normal con-
ditions, would have continued at
school,"
The Heating child labor law, effect
i've Sept. l, 1917, was declared uncon-
stitutional by the United States su-
preme court on June 3, 1913. This law
prohibited the employment of chill
dren under 16 in mines and quarries
and under ID in factories.
The immediate effect of the courts
decision in states where the state
child labor standards were lower than
those imposed by the federal law,
was the prompt restoration of the
longer working day for children un-
der 16 and an increase in the number
of working children. In number of
states there was an appreciable in
crease in the violation Of state laws.
In cooperation with the United
States emergency fleet corporation the
children's bureau investigated ship
yards last year and found numerous
violation of child labor laws.
even more Serious" says the re-
port, "was the employment of chill
dren in hazardous occupations which,
in pre-war times, had been confined
to men and older boys"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
LdbOr-Farmer Unity
Will Reduce Prices

San Francisc-"Many of the edi-
torial writer's for Americas pluto
cratic press" says the Seamen's
Journal, care working overtime just
now to prove that there can be no
effective alliance between the farmer
and the city industrial worker.
Nevertheless, it is an absolute
fact that one of the things the farm
ers and workers can get together on
is OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES in buy
ing and selling. 1t is called CON
sumers' cooperation in Europe. And
the cooperative societies in England,
Scotland, Denmark, Germany, Russia,
France and Italy contain millions Of
members. Their transactions run
into hundreds of millions of dollars
annually. They control their own
banks, manufacturing establishments,
wholesale establishments and thous-
ands of retail stores for supplying
their wants.
"Surely America is ripe for a ma
tion-wide cooperative movement. The
farmer is robbed by the grain, butter,
egg and poultry spectators; by the
millers of the northwest and by the
warehouse men. The prices they re-
ceive for cattle are fixed by the buy
ers of the packing house monopoly,
who act as a unit. Other prices are
fixed by the buyers in the same way.
The farmers must break through the
embargo of middlemen which sur
rounds him. And he can do this by
cooperating with the ultimate con-
sumer-the industrial worker.
"This will be rather severe on the
speculator and other gentry akin to
that profession, but it will, without a
doubt, benefit the tillers of the soil
and help materially to solve the city
workers problems by making both
ends meet"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Needs Attention
FORESTS RUINED AND LUMBER
CAMPS ARE VILE
Men Homeless and H0peless-Living
in IntolerabIe, Unsanitary Con-
ditiOns-NO Relief in Sight
From Operators

Philadelphia-Nothing but compul-
sion will halt the devastation of
Americas forests. Living conditions
of workers in lumber camps is in
tolerable
The above summarizes report by
the committee for the application of
forestry, which shows that more than
10O,000,000 acres of forest land that
ought to be growing wood have been
devastated, and are now idle waste.
The report records sharp criticism
of conditions in lumber camps.
Housing, sanitary arrangements
and hours of labor too often have
been outrageous and living conditions
intolerable," it is stated. "And this
because the lumber camp and the
lumber town exist only long enough
to skin the timber from the land.
There is little or no permanent en-
ployment for the lumber jack in
America.
Under such circumstances the
wood worker easily becomes voteless,
landless, womanless, homeless and
hopeless and therefore discontended,
restless and sympathetic with de-
structively radical doctrines. The
conditions of forest labor need prompt
and adequate attention. Past exper-
lence gives little reason to hope that
the timber operators will, of their
own accord, meet the situation in the
open. If they do not, it is time for
the public to act.
"Such action should not be confined
to such items as hours of labor,
wages or current living conditions.
The basic trouble lies in the ever
lasting shifting in the location of the
forest workers job. This is wholly
unnecessary and must be stopped
when the owner of forest is pro-
hibited from devastating it, when he
is required to make one crop of tim
Der follow another, then and then
only can the lumber camp and the
lumber town become permanent and
only then can forest labor be assured
of a chance at those living conditions
to which every worker is justly en-
titled, chance at a real home"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
COssaCks Are All Gone

Denver - The Colorado cossacks
have gone out of business. The Den
yer Labor Bulletin says they shave
left trail of stencil behind them that
is unequaled in Colorado's history"
The labor paper declares that
"practically all the business interests
in the state were behind the creation
of these black privateers, who were to
put down labor disturbances"
But the labor disturbances did not
materialize and the cossacks devoted
their time to rounding up bootleggers
"At this job they were great" con-
tinues the Labor Bulletin, "for about
all the whisky they confscated was
never heard of after that"
The cossacks became so notorious
in this work that the legislature re-
fused to appropriate money for their
maintenance. The governor, however,
continued a skeleton of an organiza-
tion so that it might be revived at
the proper time, but the few cossacks
who were held began disposing of
uniforms and supplies of those who
were dismissed. No accounting was
made of these sales and the thefts
became so common that cossack de-
tenders were silenced.
"And thus" says the Labor Bulle-
tin, perish the cossacks of Colorado,
leaving one of the blackest spots in
the administration of the state in
point of crookedness and graft"
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16

Irrational and reactionary thought
and action are playing their part il
American industrial life, to the detri
ment of the people of America anC
of the world. Constructive thought
not only is lacking among those
whose eyes turn toward dismantleC
Russia and behold in that realm Of
terror and starvation a beautiful anc
wonderful Utopia, but it is lacking
among those so often referred to as
the "hard-headed" business men Of
the country.
Senator w. Atlee Pomerene makes
this statement to the association o1
life insurance presidents:
"Years ago the American spirit
was startled because a Wander
bilt had said, "the public be damn
ed" But Vanderbilt seems to
have had no patent on the phrase,
or if he had it is being infringed
today by men who have as little
regard for the public welfare as
he himself had. There is no diff
ference in kind between him and
a Foster who aided by the eX-
treme Socialist and l. w. w. clas-
ses of the country, aims to enlist
under his leadership the iron and
steel workers of a nation and to
paralyze industry, or a Lewis,
who, to further his own ambi
tions, aided as he has been by the
same elements, calls 100000 men
out of the mines and says to the
public: "Freeze or starve."
Chas. Piez, formerly Of the emer-
gency fleet corporation, in a recent
address, had this to say:
"At this time organized labor
is stronger in membership and
stronger in solidarity than ever
before in its history. There is
evident in its method and it's aims
none of the care and considera-
ton that should attend the exer-
else of great power. 1t has
thrown caution to the winds and
is prepared to wreck the state
itself in it's blind intent to follow
the course laid down by radical
ISM"
These are typical Of expressions
used by men who ought to have a
deeper and truer understanding of
facts. The obvious intent is to cast
odium on the trade union movement
and to convey the impression that the
great organized movement of work
ers is daily growing more destructive
in character.
The trade union movement today
is the same trade union movement
that it was on March II, 1917, when
it gave utterance to declaration of
loyalty that sent through the Ameri-
can nation a wave of courage and
conviction and that took first rank as
a contributing factor to the solidarity
and invincibility of America. 1t is
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
They Never See, Hear or Un-
derstand


the same trade union movement that
throughout the war earned the praise
and gratitude of all America and of
the world by it's loyalty of conduct
and its earnestness of endeavor. 1t
is the same trade union movement
that it has been throughout the years
OF its history, striving and struggling,
day by day, so to meet the problems
Of the day and the hour as to con-
tribute to a better and freer life for
all those who serve the world.
The trade union movement is a
democratic movement of workers who
seek progress and liberty and justice
for humanity through those methods
which are properly vouchsafed to all
in a democratic nation. The cam
paign of slander and untruth directed
against labor now i'll BELTS men who
have responsible positions in Ameri-
can industrial life. The world has
dire need of every constructive
thought and effort of which our ma
ton is capable.
The American labor movement is
contributing to the full in the work
of bringing the world back to normal
conditions of life and better standards
of life. 1t resents with scorn the at
tacks now being unjustly made upon
it. The trade union movement seeks
justice. 1t seeks only to go forward
through the opportunities offered by
American democracy. 1t understands
alike the fallacies and dangers of the
destructive effort Of reaction. 1t
shuns both as kindred evils in land
which can never be expressive of
either and in which there never can
be permanent lodgment for either.
There are better things to be had.
1t is possible to gain for all a larger
measuer Of freedom and justice.
There will yet be an idealism in in
dustry which will transform it from
a sordid grind for gain alone into a
work of service in which the great
ruling passion will be the unfolding
OF life to its uttermost possibilities.
The organized workers of America
understand, however, that no gain
can be made by destroying the good
that we have; that no advance can be
made except through the orderly and
democratic process engrained into our
nation from the hour Of it's birth and
tested in every hour since that time.
The American labor movement is
the champion of freedom. 1t is the
champion of the cause of progress.
1t spurns destructive creeds because
it understands their falsity. 1t scorns
reaction because it breathes the air
of liberty in which the dead past
and its crumbled institutions have no
place.
There are some who can not under
stand this. There are others who
will not understand. Despite this,
there must be progress.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Federal Unions Grow

Washington - The National Fed
Grafton of Postal Employees reports
nearly 10000 more members in De-
cember than in November and LOO
more in November than in any other
month in the history of the organiza-
tion. In statement issued by this
union it is stated that the recent large
gains have been made during the
period that Senator Myers (Montana)
and King (Utah) and Congressman
Blanton (Texas) attempted to sever
or penalize the government employees
affiliation with the rest of organized
labor.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
URGE HIGHER BENEFITS

Salem, Ore.-A commission ap-
pointed by Governor Olcutt to con-
slider the need of increased compensa-
tion for injured industrial workers
has recommended that awards be ad-
vanced 80 per cent. The commission
assigned three of it's members to act
as a committee to urge the legislature
to accept the recommendation.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
BARRIERS Win Strike

Spokane - BARRIERS have raised
wages after a short strike. The en-
ployers believed they could enforce
the non-union shop idea, which they
formerly referred to as the "open
shop" but which they now call the
" American" plan.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Piano Workers Gain

Chicago-Striking members of the
Piano, Organ and Musical Instrument
Workers union have secured settle
ments with three piano manufact-
urers. The 43-hour week, union con-
ditions and a minimum weekly wage
of $33 are agreed to.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Get Eight-HOur Day

Springfield, Ill. - The eight-hour
day, wage increases and the right to
bargain collectively have been Sc
cured by organized rubber tire work
ers, affiliated with the A. F. of L.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
GARMENT STRIKE AvERTED

New York-A city-wide strike that
menaced the ladies' garment industry
has been averted by both sides re-
ferring the matter to an arbitration
board. The workers ask for higher
wages TO meet increased cost of living
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
viii Urge Two Platoon System

Bloomington, Ill.-Advocates of the
two-platoon system for firemen will
resort to the initiative at the spring
election in an effort to abolish the
24-hour work day for these municipal
employees.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Teamsters Strike

Fresno, Cal.-Several transfer COM
panies in this city have been tied up
because of a refusal to meet the new
rate of Sc day presented by the
Teamsters' union.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Pressmen Advance

Pressmen's Home Tenn.-Continue
gains are being made by the member
ship of the International Printing
Pressmen and Assistants union, ac-
cording to officers of that organiza-
tion.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Win Union Shop

Fort Scott, Kan.-Brick and clay
workers in this city have secured re-
cognition of their organization and
the union shop.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Garment Workers Unite

Fort Wayne, Ind.-Garment work
ers in this city organized and affili-
ated with the United Garment Work
ers organization.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Photo Engravers Gain

Kansas City, Mo.-A wage increase
of Sc week has been secured by the
Photo Engravers' union.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Will Be Paid S7.1O A Day

San Francisco-A new agreement
between the Iron Molders union and
the California Foundry Mems associ-
alton raises rates from $6.4O a day
to $40. This agreement ends a
strike that has been waged for some
time. Working conditions will be ad-
justed by a joint committee.
will be to prevent the demoralizatior
of the steel workers. The ultimate
effect will be to reduce to a minimum
the time necessary for them to re-
cover from this effort and get ready
for the next. To carry the program
through will require great exertion
by the unions. But they are equal to
the task. 1t would be crime to
abandon the steel workers now.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
WAGE INCREASES
Gains in Wages Made by Organized
Labor Throughout the Nation
Cigar Makers Gain

Jacksonville, III. - Cigar makers
have advanced rates 81 per 1000. A
similar advance was made several
months ago
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Get Eight-HOur Day

Boise, Idaho-The new agreement
secured by Laundry Workers union
No. 1876 calls for the eight-hour day
and wage increases.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
Want S1.25 An Hour

OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES union No. 80
has prepared a new wage scale, eff
fective May /, which raises rates
from 81 an hour to $1.25.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
LABOR'S PROGRESS
advances Made and Better Conditions
Secured All Over the Country
Clerks Reduce Hours

Columbus, Miss.-Through organi
zation retail clerks have reduced their
work week three hours.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16
BOOkbinders Unite

bUOKDInutrS UnIte
Indianapolis-Offcers of the Inter-
national Brotherhood of Bookbinders
report a good standing membership
of q, ,539 on December 10 last.
Newark leader. ([Newark, Ohio]) 1917-1946, 1920-01-16

Official Organ of Organized Labor
LOCAL VOICE OF THE AMERICAN
FEDERATION OF LABOR
Subscription price, $1.OO per year
Single copies cents
INVEST IN THRIFT STAMPS
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1920-02-11
North Star College

Although several of our students
have been absent on account of colds,
only two have contracted influenza.
The two cases are mild and the stu
dents left the college when they felt
indisposed. Miss Lockwood is being
cared for at Sheriff Hanson's while
Miss Nosinec left for her home at Con-
way, N. D. The condition is very good
and no one needs to be alarmed.
Miss Rosendahl pleasantly enter
tanned the lady students at her home
week ago Tuesday evening.
Mr.. j. "A, Danielson, Of Moorhead,
was pleasant visitor last Tuesday.
After the chapel exercises he gave a
splendid crayon entertainment. Sever
al cartoons and portrait pictures were
presented coupled with spicy remarks.
To say the least, Mr.. Danielson is an
artist and gives his audiences the very
best. His portrait pictures were espec-
tally of high order. Mr.. Danielson
spent the day in the city as several OF
his bookings had been cancelled on ac-
count Of the Influenza epidemic. We
shall be glad to give Mr.. Danielson an
evening when opportunity presents it
self. l.S5
Watch for the date Of the coming
school carnival.
Miss Ella Walstedt, of Hallock, en-
rolled last wednesday.