The Delta independent., 1920-10-22
member to use force against such covenant

| member to use force against such covenant
| breaker.
4. Open diplomacy-by the requirement
| that no treaties shall become binding on
parties to them unless the treaties re-
| corded in the office of the League and sub
ject to public inspection.
The Republican reservations left all
these steps toward permanent peace un-
affected except the second, or Article x.
All the Republican Senators but one and
several Democratic Senators objected to
Article X, the ground that it would in
volve the United States in an obligation
to go to war to defend against external
aggression every boundary fixed in the
treaty and the boundary of every other
member of the Leage whether fixed in the
treaty or not, and the independence of the
members. and this, without possible knowl-
edge by of the merits of the controver-
sies and that thus the United States would
be inextrcably involved in all the local
disputes of the world however remote the
real interest of the United States might be
in them.
Article Y. had been part of the plat
form of the League to Enforce Peace which
began the movement for League of Ma
tions in this country 1t was not a sugges-
ilOH OF bTedt Britain. IL was IN accord
with Frances wish. though she would have
preferred a simple guarantee of her pro-
lection against Germany. The inventor Of 1t
was Mr. Wilson. He made it his Fourteenth
Point in his message of January s. 1918.
He could not brook any impairment of 1t
by the Senate.
The League without Article X.-limitation
of armament the provision for enforcing
submission of all disputes between two
nations to impartial hearing by use of
a universal boycott and voluntary force by
any member of the League, and open dip
lomacy-was an enormous advance over the
present conditions. We could have entered
the League. and secured all these things
for US and for the rest of the world. More
over we could have now been functioning in
the Leagne for nearly a year, and been
! helping by the moral effect of our mem
bcrship to steady the world. But Mr.. Will
son would sacrifice the League and all
these great benefits before he would give
up Article Y. He proposed then to carry
the League into the next campaign as the
chief issue. and he has succeeded in forcing
his party and its nominee to take his posi-
tion. to wit, the League with Article X. or
no League.
Criticism Of Articis Y.
AlE NoN say the ItIllOtTAtG success
on such an issue will lead the Repub-
licans and Democrats sitting members.
who oppose Article X. to yield and ac-
cept it. No who understands the
real position of the opponents of Article
Y can entertain such thought for
moment Whatever their original motive
they have convinced themselves that the
obligation under Article Y. is dangerous to
the country, and that it is their duty. no
matter what the popular voice. to exercise
their constitutional function to defeat 1t.
They believe that this is exactly the pur-
pose the Constitution had in giving to
minority a vote upon a treaty. Moreover.
they may well deny that. with so many
other issues. Democratic success would
cessarily mean popular support of Article
X II follows that Mr. Cox. as President
will create the same futile deadlock over
the treaty which has been Mr.. Wilson's
legacy to the country and the world.
Mr.. Harding promised to initiate
sociation of nations to carry out the pur-
poses outlined in the platform which are
rcally the same those secured by the
United States entering the League with the
Republican reservations though his langu-
age is vague and general and not what Re
publican friends of the League would de-
sire.
More than this any plan to achieve MIR
Hardinc's declared purposes by means of a
new association OF nations. will prove i'm
practicable. The League of all nations save
Russia. Germany. Austria. Turkey and the
United States is now functioninC and / as
been in existence for eight months. BY 'hs
fourth of March next IT will be year I'D.
Can We suppose tha the thirty or more
nations will consent to abandon tha; eag,e
and begin de novo the formation OF sorle-
thing else.
Eorguc as Campaign IsSue.
Mr. Wilson and Mr.. Cox wish to make
the League with Article Y. the I;r,'A, is.ue
in the campaign. There are tNe ccmrsu-
nifty goody number of people WHO th'rk
the League the most np,rtaat c',' ticn
before the American people. and ~asry OF
them will accept the ,ca tv'uc hut "''le
issue and vote for Mr.. ~ Their, are
others equally Interested in the I.oIrue Who
will think it wiser to vote fn- Ns. iIaioInc
on the ground that the only hnp. fer
curing the League at all IS without .rttcle
X and therefore is in the cleo ion II the
Republican candidate, who voted twise for
the League without the article,
The most serious complaint friends o: the
League of Nations may Justly make against
Mr.. Wilson is that he has tired the Ama-i-
can people of the League and the ISSUES
growing out Of 1t II is always diffi,u
to arouse the American people 70 the COM
manding Importance Of any general ques-
tion as to our foreign relations. They have
enjoyed freedom from anxiety to ether
nations and cherished the Washington and
jefferson policy OF ISOLATION saving them
from trouble Tho League is undoubtedly
departure from these traditions. believe
4, to be necessary departure which can