The Elbert County tribune., 1920-01-09

pump cannot be placed that the limiting
suction lift will nor be exceeded 1t is necessary
10 lower the pump cylinder into the well, raIsIpg
the water from the cylinder to the spout by the
direct lift of the piston. Water be pushed
more easily than 1t he pulled. hence. rather
than resort TO extreme suction lifts it is prefer
able to lower the cylinder to within Is feet
less of the supply. still better to submerge it.
Where water is discharged against pressure n
force pump is necessary practical instan-
tion for the kitchen sink is combined suction
and force pump which will be found great IA
bor saver for the housewife.
Deep-Well Pumps
Deep-well pumps heavier and stronger than
those described above. They may be of the lift or
force type and the standard or working head is
always directly over the well. The cylinder
should be (within 10 feeD or else below
water level which pumping and drought may GRE
ate. Submergence Is the preferable arrange
ment- In all installations the size of the pump
ing cylinder must be determined from the size
depth, and yielding power of the we'll the guam
tity of water required, and the available power
Deep wells and band WINDMILL outfits take
small cylinders.
Pumping by means of compressed air is very
old but the systems used prior to 1909 required
the air supply to be turned on or shut off accord
ing to whether not the water was needed
Based on patent granted in that year two
cylinder airdispncement pump submerged in the
vnter supply and controlled by the opening and
ia. parts of installation hesdes such pump
air compressor storage tank engine or mo-
ior-wfth air and water pipes. and minor attach
ments. The pump operates only when water IS
used. starting whenever faucet is opened and
continuing until all faucets closed.
The chief advantage of air-dsplacement pumps
that water may be taken from ordinary derih
or lateral distance, or from several sources with
one power outfit and delivered direct from the
well TO the faucet. The power plant may he
may be used as there are sources of water. Both
hard and soft water may he delivered by using
two pumps and the necessary piping systems.
Air-dsplncement pumps not adapted at pres-
ent to lifts much over 125 feet to wells 'css
than three inches In diameter can they he
used where water is required than the
well supply within specified period Air
pipes and air-displaccment pumps must be tight
and remain tight In service. and working parts
must be kept in good order
Horsepower Needed.
Water may be raised by hand. windmill, hy-
draulic rams steam. hot air. gas. internal-com-
bustion engines. electric motors. Hand power
is unsulted to large supplies high lifts. Wind,
mills are probably the most familiar type of me-
chanical power used and often arranged tn
stnrt and stop automatically. Gasoline and oil
engines well adapted TO farm pumping nu.l
may be equipped to stop at any desired pressure
in supply tank The Of electricity for
pumping is increasing. The method Is clean.
"
distant pump by throwing switch may be prnc-
tical wherever transmission lines sufficiently
The theoretical horsepower needed TO raise
water is found by multiplying the gallons pumped
in minute by the total lift in feet. 'incuG
friction in both suction and discharge pipes and
then dividing the product by 1000. The horse
power. computed. should be multiplied by from
two to four to overcome losses in pumping and
still allow for reserve of power. Ordinarily
70 two, bnrSa f1io fr
farm pumps but 1t is always safest to determine
this point by computation.
An advantage to be derived from the well-in-
stalled farm water system often overlooked Is the
benefit it affords in the way of fire prevention.
With relatively small expenditure, fixtures can be
added TO a pipe system. which give ready uccess
to the water supply for fighting flames In al
most every case a fire be easily put out II
discovered at Its early stage. providing there 's
fre-fghtng apparatus near by, and all hants
even the children. taught and drilled to use
such apparatus eoolly and skillfuly.
CONCRETE ON THE FARM.