davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11
WHY The RAILWAYS
NEED MORE MONEY
PRESENT BASIS OF OPERATING
EXPENSE is TWO BILLIONS
ASoNE 1917
WAGES AND MATERIALS SOAP
reasons Explained by Interstate Com
merce Commission in the
Rate Decision.

why 1t was necessary to incress,
railroad freight rates 40 per cent. |,
Eastern territory, S5 per cent in West
ern territory and rs per cent each I,
fhe Mountain and Southern districts
together with substantial increases II
passenger rates is shown by thes,
figures:
Railway operating expenses In tn.
tast year before the government CON
troll Oslo were $3.50, 900, 900. Ii
1919. although much less business wa
handled than in 1917, operating en-
penses were s4.42O, ooo, 900, an increas.
Of s1.56o.ooo.o 900 over 1917.
But during 1919. wages and materia
costs were on a rising scale, so thai
by the termination of Federal coutro
last spring the annual basis Of oper
ating costs had risen some $500, 000oN
more, making the total increase in an
nual operating expenses upwards o.
$1.700,o00,0o0. To this now must bt
added $625,o0o.oOo Of additions
wages. which makes the new basi,
OF operating expenses more than 50.
00.000,000 in excess of 1917.
Against this increase in operating ex
penses, which does not include In
creased taxes or increased cost o.
capital. there have been total ad
vances in freight and passenger rate,
OF about $4,000, 900, 900, Of which $500.
100000 was authorized in 1918 By tn,
government and $500. 100000 by thu
Interstate Commerce Commission /,
the recent award.
Operating Ratio Causes Concern.
In the rate decision the Interstat.
Commerce Commission says:
mot only has there been a sharl |
decline in railway operating incom,
during the last three or four years
but the operating ratio has increased ;
at a rate that causes serious concern
"For the period of five years, be
ginning with 1912 and ending will
1916. the Eastern carriers were spend i
ing out Of every dollar of operating
revenue received approximately z,
cents for operating expenses.
This increased to 1903 cents il
1917, to 1852 cents in 1918, to 88.5: /
cents in 1919, and to 976S in the frs
four months Of 1920.
When it is considered that oper |
ating expenses do not include railwa,
tax accruals, uncollectable railwal |
revenues, joint facility rents, hire O.
equipment. rents for lease of road |
interest on funded and unfunded debt |
and other fixed charges, dividends !
and certain other items, the above fig |
ures are significant.
THE operating ratio for the frs |
four months Of 1920 means that durin, |
that period, after payment of operat
ing expenses, there was left 81
cents out of each dollar for the pay |
ment of taxes and the other items jus
mentioned.
During the period Of six years, be
ginning with 1912 and ending will
1917, it took approximately 2S.79 cent?
out of every dollar of operating rev
enue to pay the items mentioned
which are not included in operatin,
expenses and which are not consider
ed in determining the operating ra
ito"
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11
FOR SALE

FOR SALE-My farm on Roanoke
Drive, u IL acres; good house and
barns; city water; good cows; farm
ing tools; IS bearing pecan trees.
Good location for truck farming OF
small dairy, Price reasonable and
good terms. |. N. FREY, 302 w
Magnolia St. IT.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11
100 FORDS
w AN T E D

WANTED-Girls to work in Labora-
tory. Apply Hailes Drug Store. #
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11
LOST

LOST OR STOLEN-One big red
butt headed COW. Lost about Oct 5,
or 4. Finder notify undersigned anG
get reward d. w. Garrison, Phon>
1881 II
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11

FOR SALE-Good work mule and
two cows to be fresh soon. Inquire
Bee Hive Grocery. DIP
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11

Staten Island flour "A strictly light
cad -four made from hard winter
heat Every sack contains 24H
- Ask your grocer for this four,.l
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11

BUNGALOW FOR SALE-wll
take good used car in trade and casl
difference on South Main St. Address
J. G. Williams, Triton.
The Leader, enterprise and press. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1915-1921, 1920-10-11

About 100000 boys and girls, COM
posing nearly half the school popua.
ton of the United States, are members
of the Junior Red Cross, which is help
ing the children Of Europe. while at
the same time 1t is doing an important
work here at home. Haitian Chetwolf,
who wears the engaging smile shown
In this picture, is the son of an In
dian guide and trapper. He is the
youngest Junior living in the neighbor-
hood of Juneau, Aleska-and be sends
greetings to fellow Juniors of the Unit
Cd States.
The evening world., 1920-11-23
UNCOMMON SENSE
BY John Blake.
rcopyrisht. 1920. by John BAEeJ


ALL YOU OUGHT TO WANT is A START.
They tell interesting story Thousands of young and
ing from place to place looking for chance begin
kind of work.
All they a And that is all you ought to
want
If you hunting for place where through the
influence of friends you hope find rapid advancement
begin all again.
Friends may help you get n start, but they do
Influence will be useful if gets Job.
Ii stands by afterwad and procures you promotion that
you do not deserve it will only be detriment.
Indeed, if it steps in and prevents your discharge
you ought to be discharged it will do you actual harm
Influence made anybody successful For
comes alone through efforefort to help other people
ceed and thereby to get success for Yourself
Do not forget that the only interest world will have
in you tshope that give something
That you do if you intelligent and industrious
on can give something in thought better of
the same kind that it has been getting.
You can give industry and productive abiyif you
try But you must try hard, for there thousands
others trying to do the thing and they all your
competitors in the for
What do must be done by yourself without outside
help influence. You go others advice when
you puzzled instruction when you find that you
much to learn.
But it your mind, theirs must tackle the prob
lens that come to in daily task and your mind
not theirs, which must solve them.
You have right to expect start n the world. You
have right to get the good offices of others
start if you
After that make your progress Help that YOU
do not deserve will only hinder you o. your way up
The evening world., 1920-11-23
Who's Who
- m -
Americas
Hall of Fame

D OGER WILLIAMS. advocate Of
N religious liberty and founder OF
Rhode Island, was born in Wales in
1907 and died In Providence, r. l., IN
March, 1854. While only a boy he
attracted the attention OF Sir Ed
ward Coke, who became his patron
and educated him in the Charter
House School and later IN Pembroke
College Cambridge University,
which gave him . degree IN 1926. he
came 70 this country in 1851 after
having come in contact and conflict
with the ecclesiastical and civil au-
thorities Of England because OF his
opposition TO the church ritual
1t was not long before he had
trouble with the church and civil
authorities in the new country and
In October, 1855. he left Salem, Mass,
10 seek refuge from the tyranny Of
his church brethren. With four COM
panions he sought a place away from
the persecution of the Massachusetts
and Plymouth colonies and named
the site he selected Providence be-
cause OF Gods merctful providence
10 him an his distress" IN 1888 he
secured a large section OF land from
the Indians and he divided this
equally among his followers.
After two years the colony Of
Rhode Island was governed by =
minister and three elders, but Ia
March, l641, the Government was
regularly organized In March, l6l4,
he obtained a charter from the Eng
llsh Crown which gave the towns OF
Portsmouth, Providence ana Newport
full power to rule themselves. In 1865
he opened Rhode Island 10 all seeking
religious freedom and especially 10
those who were driven out OF Boston.
Ho was frequently called upon 10
naclfy the Indians and TO settle both
ecclesiastical and oiWl disputes
No portrait OF him has come down
10 us and when in 1872 the STATE OF
Rhode Island presented statue ok
her founder to the Nation, which now
stands in the rotunda OF tho Capitol
.tf Washington, the artist had b
make the memorial from a. Asal
conception
The evening world., 1920-11-23
BELOW THE DEAD LINE. /"

A BOLD safecrackng job below the Fulton
"A Street "dead-line" follows hard on the an
nouncemeut that the old and effective policy of
Chief Byrnes has been resunected by the present
police administration.
The picked "dead-line squad has yet to gain the
prestige which the Byrnes men maintained. Until
the police again prove that robbery below the dead
line" is so dangerous as to be improbable, the
thieves will not regard Fulton Street with their old
respect.
In any case, Il is question whether mere reSto-
ration of old policies will ever prove an effective
preventive of crime. Crimes and criminals change
from year to year. The "uncrackable" safe of one
generation is an antique relic in the next when
criminal ingenuity has had time and opportunity
for trial aud experiment
In the duel between the Law and the LawleSS,
the forces of the law must develop as rapidly as
the lawless develop means Of circmrVentng the old
systems,
Chief ByneS invented the "dead-line" policy and
made it effective. The probability is that criminals
to-day have matched each old policy with new
method of crcumventing it.
If the present administration is TO circumvent the
criminals in turn, it must devise new untried and
effective means OF meeting the latest developments
Of criminal cunning.
The evening world., 1920-11-23

by bands Of men who did Ru Klux
work.
Historic Pulaski" az its admirers
FleetrIlly term it, the birthplace Of the
Ku KluX Klan, is tho capital OF GILES
County, Tennessee, and grew in i'm =
portance particularly from 1855 10
April, 1867.
A local poet Elizabeth wilkes Ro-
maine. thus sang the praises OF her
native town:
Pulaski, rich in song and story;
Pulaski, hallowed on the page Of
glory;
Pulaski Gods blessing rest on thee:
Pulaski, the garden spot OF Ten
nessee.
Pulaski the gift OF a prlncely hand /:
F1Ilask who gave the flower of her
land;
Pulaski sent them forth man after
man:
PULASKI, mother Of the Ku Klu1
Kan.
The evening world., 1920-11-23

To the Editor of Tie Evening World:
The following Is n copy Of part OF
an article published by the New York
American on'Nov. Is, 1920. defending
Mayor Hylan:
II Hylan. Ike his predecessor,
Mitchell had been a Mayor whom these
lnd kindred interests could have
Stcered as thor acComplice IN huge
Jobs OF publ plupdeC, no Lock wool
Committee would have staged an ef-
fort to disCTcdit him, no newspaper ser
want Of the plundcr-bund would have
held him up to derision or called upon
him 10 resign
While Mayor Mitchell was alive, he
was conceded to be one OF the best
Mayors New York ever had. The
fact that the dirty attacks were
made against him by tho New York
American and Journal was almost
conclusive proof OF his merit; just as
the American defense OF Hylan can
only do our Mayor harm. GOOD de-
liver US from our friendA")
This yellow sheet dared to attack
Mitchers patriotism in every lying
and sneering way. They called him
q "tin soldier" He didn't have TO he
drafted II is history how he enlist
ed in the air service and gave his
life for his country. Even the Amer
ican was slenced in it's attacks.
Now, as he lies in a hero's grave,
unable to defend himself. this gin
newspaper digs up his grave and
again vilihes him, calling him a
thief -
We decorate the graves OF our he
roes on Decoration Day. What would
happen 10 miscreant who would
dsSecrate these graves? Is there no
The evening world., 1920-11-23
TIE PLEBISclTE IN GREECE.

A WEEK from next Sunday Greece is to hold
"A plebiscite on the question of restoring Con-
Hantne to the throne.
In the press dispatches from Europe there are
repeated predictions that France or England, or
both, may interfere and prevent Constantine from
returning to Greece.
Such policy would be a most serious intena-
tonal blunder
The League Of Nations has no function in the in
temal affairs of Greece. And if the League has no
nights, surely individual powers in the League have
none.
If the statesmen of the powers believe the Greeks
would be making mistake to select Constantine,
they have the privilege Of making that opinion pub
lie. But once the Greek people have spoken, the
powers should accept the decision.
This is an elementary application of the right OF
seifdeennlnaton.
the Greeks are 50 foolish as to restore Con-
santine, they are OF course, liable TO the penalties
which may arise from their choice. If Constantine
provukes 'threats of war; it will be time for the
League to consider The case and recommend the
disciplinary meassTeS-an economic blockade for in
stance-to which gnarreSome members are subject
The situation on the Aegean is entirely different
from that on the Baltic where League of Nations
forces are to supervise pebscite In Greece there
Is a recognized Government, which has functiOned
according to the law. In the troubled northern
zone there is no Government and the League po-
Zee are merely supervising the pebiscite, which will
lead to the formation OF a Government under law.
The evening world., 1920-11-23
GAMBLING ON A GOVERNMENT.

wv D. VANDERBILT, an American mining en-
w. gineer and explorer, claims to have nego-
tiated an arrangement with the Soviet Government
of Russia looking to the exploitation Of an area in
Eastern Siberia approximately eight times as large
as New York State,
American capitalists are backing this venture.
Through the London correspondent Of the Chi
cago Tribune, MT. Vanderlp has announced a great
campaign Of propaganda to induce Congress to rec-
ognze and reopen trade with Russia.
Before this project goes further, the AdmniSra-
don should ann6unce its attitude. II President.
elec. Harding does not agree with the Wilson policy,
he should make the fact known
From first 10 last, such an undertaking is gam
bic pure and simple. II is gamble not only on
the mineral wealth Of the land but also on the po-
litical future of Russia. If the Soviet Government
continues, 1t may or may not live up to the agree.
ment If the Soviet Government fails, its successor
IS more than likely to repuiiae the arrangement.
In case these large-scale gamblers gel caught,
what do they expect frqm the Government Of the
The evening world., 1920-11-23

United Statss1 DO they expecI "the flag to follow
the dollar'1
If this Is their expectation it cannot be shattered
too quickly,
American citizens deserve protection in other
lands when engaged on legitimate business But
American adventurers engaged in a questionable
deal with the more than questionable Dictator of
the Russian Soviet system should neither ask nor
receive the slightest protection
The time TO make this clear is NOW
The evening world., 1920-11-23

bOAAAEHs
10 the Editor OF Tho Evening World
In these days Of falling prices ami
the swat the profiteer" campaign
there still remains one item that has
successfully resisted our attempts to
bring about a lowering in price,
This item is the linen (?) collar that
Is manufactured by Cluctt, Peabody
George p. Ide ct al. The price Of
this collar formerly 121-2 cents
each) is still quoted at 20 cents each
in all our leading stores Recently
thcre appeared TO he signs Of drop
in collars. but suddenly and for some
unexplained reason the price stihrened
and they are now hatly quoted at 20
cents each.
The factory cost Of collars has
been reduced by the manufacturers
at Troy, and this mornings paper
speaks of "A curtailment in produc-
tion of this line. Naturally we are
interested in knowing why some OF
our large purveyors Of merchandise
who sh1ck broadcast their desire to
reduce the prices on their stocks for
the public benefit have not tackled
this item.
My white collars have seen their
best days, having been purchased
over eighteen months ago, upon my
return from service; but shall con
tinue TO wear them, frayed and tat
tered though they may be, until the
Collar Trust takes some steps TO
AN ECONOMIST
The evening world., 1920-11-23

law or prevention to protect the
names Of our dead heroes against vile
SANDERS and to punish the slam
derers?
LESTER II. GOODKIND.
No, 2211 Broadway, New York, Nov.
l6, 1890
The Red Cross Has Explained Why,
To Tho ELtor Of The Evening Word
The work OF the Red Cross has
been extended to France, Russia, Bel
gium and other regions that have sur-
fered since the great war, but what
about Ireland, where the Huns to-day
are burning not only houses, cream
Clies, &c, but whole towns? Before
sending Red Cross funds to help those
in devastated France, Russia and
other places, why not consider the
claims of Ireland to Red Cross as
sistance? Many thousands have
through the action of the BLACK and
Tans" in Erin been rendered home
less. Every day we read in the pa
pers where the unfortunate people
are seeking shelter in fields, barns and
other places not ft for habuatiOn. II
Il is legal to be a UniOnist, Labor
or Liberal IL is surely legal to be
Sim Fciner II any country requires
the immediate aid Of the American
Red Cross it is the Emerald Isle,
whose people for over a century
through msrule and misreprcsenta-
ton, have been putting up with in
suit and degradation at the hands Of
a foreign nation. CELIA WALSH.
New York city, Nov. 10, 1920.
The evening world., 1920-11-23
"That'SaFact''
By Albert p. SOuthIDick
CSIJT.ghI. lgZU. By Ths Pre-. PuOlAainI o.
CIas New YOrk EVENING WoEdI.

The Knights Of the White Ca
me!ias" was probably the largest and
most important Of orders controlling
the public actions Of people in the
South, more so, even, than the ku
EluN klan, the latter entirely disap-
pearing from view after 1872 The
Knights" was founded in New Or
leans, ls62-G6, and spread rapidly
through the States lying East and
West, from Texas TO the Carollnas.
The Pale Faces" the "Constitu-
tlonal Union Guards" the White
Brotherhood" were other names borne
The evening world., 1920-11-23

at is better" Calvin Coolidge telegraphed to
the Mayhower Society, ito be in the wilderness
and master of your own freedom than live sur
rounded by comforts and be under restraint"
Is Gov. Coolidge regretting his success in
the recent election? Comfort under restraint
would not be a bad description of the Vice
Presidency
The evening world., 1920-11-23

Proof OF the Pudding.

r. rls Ed.to- of The EyenIng World
| always enjoy reading letters from
Evening World readers, but when ]
read "A letter from n real true blood
American ii gives me great joy, as
| think as n great many would think
"a true American viii appreciate his
flag and his country enough not TO
run II down and say disrespeCtful
things against the head OF the Coun-
try and also against one OF the
noblest true hearted Americans, like
our President, Woodrow Wilson.
The young man who signs his name
Charles Moore says he cannot agree
with the young man who signs his
,Is TRUE American" on his views
OF Wilson's principles and states tho
proof of the pudding is in the eating,
and that the proof was given in the
recent election.
Let me say to this Charles Moore,
am afraid when he starts to eat some
of the proof OF the pudding he is
going to suffer some pain and little
Indigestion when the pudding is final
Is mixed up, seasoned and ready for
serving agree with the young
True American" in the manner he
upholds his flag, and the Eraudest
man, who made us proud OF our flag,
Woodrow Wilson.
MRS. c. Il. BLACK.
New YORK, Nov 10, 1920.
The evening world., 1920-11-23
TWICE OVERS.

HN jEVER since The early days Of barbarian Europe
haze there been ouch ohOlesaIs nriSyGtiOns Of
population as that Uhieh is nOw contemplated from
Europe 10 the United S'aes." -Immisralion Com
missioner WGlii, ,,aREge
The evening world., 1920-11-23

When the cost Of mill feed mounted dairy
farmers explained that milk prices must rise
in proportion. Now that the mill food cost is
lower, does the proportion no longer hold7
The evening world., 1920-11-23

GT THINK Domsn should Serpe on juries in all
kinds Of cases. Including murder trials. Mrs.
EOsreH Colby Jo,ewOmln Of Nsu JerSey, first fem
GlinS jurA IN criminal casa
The evening world., 1920-11-23

Anent the Hodges problem solved
by THE BOY Wizard" in four min
utes, will zone who watched him" be
kind enough to advise what in his
opinibn, is the key move? Perhaps
the problem was incorrectly printed
in The Evening World article.
+. r.. HlNCHMAN.
IrvingtOn, n. j., Nov. II. 1920.
The evening world., 1920-11-23
From Evening World Readers

What Kind Of letter do Fnd
that the Ooh thouSdnd u
There and satisfaction
say much u a 1e1U cords. time TO be bret
New-York tribune., 1920-06-22
Exports Gain, Imports
Drop, May Figures Show
Trade Balance of S3O8,OOO,OOO
in Favor of U. S. Results
From Months Business

WASHINGTON, June 21- Exports
for May increased S55O0O,OOO, while
imports fell off $64, 100000, as compared
with the trade figures for April, it was
announced to-day at the Department of
Commerce. Exports for the month
were, valued at S739 100000 and imports
at $431 100000, leaving trade balance
of $30S, 100000 in favor of this country
for the month
For the eleven month period ended
with May exports of $7,474,0O0,O0 900 were
S1,170, 100000 more than the total for
the corresponding period of the pre-
vious year, while imports amounted to
$4,6S600O, 900, an increase of $685.
O0O,0oO
Gold imports in lay amounted to
S16,O0O,OOO showing a decline of $35,-
100000 as compared with imports in
April. Gold exports were the lowest in
the last twelve months, amounting to
SS 900, 900, against $45 900. 900 IN April
For the eleven months ended with May
gold imports were ~S124OOO,OOO, com
pared with S36,O0O,00O for the CORE
spending period of 1919, while exports
were $461,000,000, an increase of $427,-
100000.
Imports of silver showed practically
no change in May, but exports, amount :
ing to 100000 were the lowest re-
corded in several years.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-22
Willys-Overland's Earnings

Since the offering of 100000 new
common shares of the WHY'S Overland
Company considerable emphasis has
been placed on the improved earning
power of the corporation. 1t was an
nounced yesterday that net earnings
for the first four months Of 1920. after
deducting repairs and maintenance Of
properties and all other expenses, in
cluding interest, but before allowance
for income and excess profits taxes,
were $5,595,19S. The new financing,
recently consummated, it was said, Will
result in a substantial reduction in the
company's interest payments. Net in
come for the first four months, after
making allowances for income and ex-
cess profits tax, was in excess of s4,-
100000, or at the rate Of approximately
S12.000,000. Current earnings, after
making full provision for the preferred
stock, are estimated to be running at
the rate of about 20 per cent upon the
total outstanding and newly issued
stock.
New-York tribune., 1920-06-22
Czechs Seek Locomotives

The last visit to Europe of Samuel
M. Vauclain, president of the Baldwin
Locomotive Works, led to much new
business for the company. Mr.. Vau-
CLAIM was yesterday quoted as saying
that he took $50,000,000 of orders f.'r
his firm, and "can take another $780,
100000 when I want them" Czccho-
Slovakia is negotiating with the Bald
win company for the purchase Of
out of the proceeds received from the
sale of sugar. Although Czechs here
believe the sale will be consummated
presently, it was denied at the Bald
win Offices that the deal had been COM
pleted.