davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05

Latin America wanted the develop
ment of their countries, and recog-
nized, like all new regions, that they
must depend on outside capital
They looked to the United States to
supply their lack. If what we now
have is the reverse Of dollar ,diplo-
macy" then the discarded policy
should Immediately be reGstablished
that is, reasonable protection
should be given to honest invest
ments, while at the same time there
should be no coddling of adventurers
nor countenancing of political intru-
siveness. During the World War
American products had little compe-
tition in South America. But now we
must struggle to retain the business.
To fan suspicion against US by
skinning alive two republics is a
poor way to help. If our trade is
not to be injured the representa-
tives Of this country, military as
we'll as other, must pursue a course
not susceptible to we'll founded
criticism.
In 1906 Secretary Root made a
tour of Latin America, and his pleas
for closer international and COM
mercial relations were heartily re-
ceived. In 1912 Secretary Knox
went on a similar journey. The
good effect of these great missions,
and likewise the quiet work Of the
great number of Americans who
have long labored to unite the two
Americas, las been largely defeated
by the Wilsonian policy One Of the
first acts of the Harding admins
tration will doubtless be to repud-
ate it.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
By Quarterback

sea power, as expressed in present
types of ships, must be allied with air
power hereafter. Sea power cannot ex-
ist alone. The feet composed Of pres
ent types, no. matter how powerful
must be safe from above, The feet
must at all times control completely
control-the air above itself When
the feet loses control Of the air above,
II cannot long exist-unless, of course,
the future ship is made invulnerable
from air attack In other words, a
revolution il ship desig gn-nothing else
can make sea power again supreme.
Sea power cannot defy air power IN
less the design Of the fighting ship
is radically changed
The full influence Of air power upon
future warfare-ashore and afoat-has
not been properly emphasized 1t is
astonishing that so little attention has
been given to this subject.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Breaking the Solid South

No Southern state has voted for
a Republican President since 1876.
The Solid South came into being
after Hayes's election and the with
drawal Of Federal troops from South
Carolina and Louisiana. 1t made its
power felt at once, for from 1880 to
1896 successful alliance of the
South, the border states and a few
close states in the North would have
sutiiced to control national elections.
Cleveland won in 1884 and 1892
through such a combination. The
border states began to fall away
from the Southern block after Bryan
custed the Cleveland group from
party leadership. Delaware turned
Republican in 1896. SO did Mary
land and West Virginia. Maryland
gave Mckinley eight votes in 1896
and 1900 and Roosevelt one vote in
1904. Delaware and West Virginia
remained IN the Republican column,
except in 1912. Kentucky gave Nc
Kinley twelve out of thirteen votes
in 1896. Missouri was carried bv
Roosevelt in 1904.
But since reconstruction none Of
the states which seeded ever cot to
the point Of breaking with the Demo-
crate party until this year. Now
Tennessee has voted for Harding.
Oklahoma, a new state, geographic
cally Southern and largely respon-
slve to Southern traditions, has
voted for Republican President for
the first time. The breach in the
Solid South has been made. Will it
be lasting?
The political solidarity of the
Southern states is an anachronism.
1t perpetuatCs a most mischievous in
huence in politics, fer it arrays one
section against another on single
factltious and local issue. The
NOuVlelh states nave held together
by banishing from their thoughts
every issue but one-that of the eff,
feet on their domestic concerns of all
lowing the colored voter to cast his
ballot. On all other questions the
South is nearly inarticulate.
In this campaign President Wilson
asked for a referendum on the Paris
draft of the covenant The referen-
dunn in. the South was nearly mean
ingless. Georgia is violently opposed
to the league covenant. 1t elected
Watson, an irrcconcilable, to the
Senate. But the electoral vote was
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05

his "reminiscences of the Five
Years War that President Wilson
had made up his mind to do just this
thing if Mr.. Hughes had been elected
in 1916. Bcrnstorff was in a position
to know much that was going on be-
hind the scenes at Washington in
tie fall Of 1916, for at that time he
was in the thick Of negotiations with
Colonel House for peace without
victory" with President Wilson in
the role Of arbitcr between the En-
tente and the German allies.
Mr. Bryan is ingenious in bring
ing this plan forward at the present
juncture. 1t may not appeal to
either Mr.. Wilson or Mr.. Harding.
Yet it discloses CHEEKY state of
mind on the projectors part and may
help to hearten up Democrats to
whom the world still wears an as
pect of unutterablc sorrow.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Voting for Debs

The size of the Harding vote does
not adequately reflect the extent Of
the Democratic disaf1'ection. The size
Of the Debs vote is almost as sig
nihcant.
If the final returns show that
Debs received 100000 votes, or
anything approXimating this num-
Der, no one will seriously contend
that the total means so many Social
lists in the country. The census Of
Socialists is more accurately shown
by the Socialist enrolment, which
aggregates less than 100000.
1t has become the fashion of dis
satisfied members of major party
who can't bring themselves to
vote with the other party to mark
ballots for Dcbs as he makes one Of
his quadrennial appearances. The
old way was to take to the woods
that is, to keep away from the polls;
The new way is to achieve the same
end without sacrificing the fun Of
appearing ct the polls. 81 guess I'll
vote for Debs' has become the motto
Of semi-humorous dissentients; and
its vogue explains why the Socialist
vote slides up and down.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Judge Andcrson's S Decision
MOI Bill Of Rights for Disgrunllcd
Aliens. II Is Declared

10 the Editor OF The Tribune
Sir: Your editorial Of October 81,
"When Anarchists Are Anarchists"
contains a reference to Judge Ander-
son, OF the United States Circuit Court
IN Boston, which seems not OILY in
questionable taste bat also both IL
considered and uniformed
You refer TO Judge Anderson's de-
cision as if it were bin of rights FOR
dissruntled and antagoa.s,ic aliens,
while. as matter Of fact it is more
nearly bill Of rights defending all
residents Of this country. citizens and
aliens alike. against the oppressive and
Illegal asgressions Of 4 shortsighted and
nairow-saagea Department Of Justice.
What Judge Anderson d.a hold, and
hold vigorously, was this. That even
though a man was an alien and sus-
pec.ed OF harborng IDEAS inimcal 70
this government, yop could not drag
him OUT OF bed in the middle Of the
night without warrant for his arrest;
that you could not search his house
and seize his property without vestige
OF authority; that you could not detaia
him IN quarters unit for the housing
Of pigs under conditions which would
drive HIM to suicide; that you could not
hold HIM in unreasonable and excessive
bail; that yon could nor deprive him ot
his right 70 representation by counsel
until you had succeeded in terrorzinS
and broWbeatng so-calied confession
ont of him. that you could not in'erro-
gate him through an Interpreter who
was unable to make the alien under
stand the questions asked and unable
himself 10 understand the aliens re-
plies, and tha, you co-id not convict
him on the testimony Of agent provoca-
teurs. And he released all aliens who
had been So manhandlcd The others
were admitted to 4 reasonable bail
am certain that a careful reading
Of Judge Anderson's decision would con-
vince you that il reveals type Of mino
and a sense of right which The Tribune
Judging from its past utterances. sho'i'
be the hrst 70 acclaim
ARTHUR c. DENlSON JR.
Los Angeles. Calf, Oct IS 1920.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Safe for Democracy
Election Shons american People
Cannot Be Driven

Election Shops american People
Cannot Be Driven
To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir: The essential significance of
the election has not yet been stated in
any opinion that have seen in print
or heard in conversation
Two years ago President Wilson ap-
realed to the voice of the people to
support him in his notion Of how he
wanted to go on. He demanded that
his opinion be the only opinion, that
democracy be his private club Democ-
racy answered, and the voice was clear
and the mandate. by his own state
ment, plain.
But it fell on deaf ears. From that
day to this there has been no evidence
that the mandate meant anything.
There has been only blind insistence
that he knew the real voice, only new
demand for the voice to speak in "sol-
emn referendum
And now the voice has been heard in
crashing volume, and its message will
not cease its echoes within the civilized
world. 1t is not the voice of helpless
ness in the "backwash," it is not the
needless noise of mob that has fall
len from the peak Of high ideals, nor
1T is the expression of small personal
hatrcds, as the Wilson supporters say.
1t is not blind and selfish opposition to
League Of Nations or any means to
finding and doing our righteous work
in the world
1t is not belief that only the Re
publican party can be right or safe, as
many Republican leaders would have
us believe. 1t is not a snug notion
that we will be safer in "hidebound"
seclusion under the "old machine' 1t
is not pro or anti Irish, German, Ital-
ian, labor or anything else. All these
and other matters are factors and have
had weight, but the essential and basic
thing is that the people will be heard,
that the voice of this great people can
not be disregarded, and woe to the man
who, claiming to be seer of visions,
mistakes his own private and selfish
dreams for the real vision.
Only those short sighted pessimists
such as proclaimed that this country
was too selfish and indolent to do it's
part in the great war now assert that
we will not do our part in the great
peace. We will be willingly led. but
we Will not be driven. That is the
triumph of democracy. That is where
this election helps make the world
sefc for democracy.
EDWIN B. CHILD.
New York, Nov. i, 1920
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Exit Swami

The later returns, which show Mr..
Swami as trailing we'll behind his
Democratic brothers nominated for
the bench, and likely to be defeated,
are welcome to every citizen who be-
lieves that our judiciary should be
kept above reproach.
The disqualihcations of Mr.. Swami
for this 1igh and responsible post
were many. They have been stated
often-by the Bar Association the
last time. Evidently the reasons
Mr.. Swami should not be elected
were so eloquent as to be heard and
attended to even in a Presidential
year.
The result is a triumph for the
discriminating voter, and it should
operate as warning to public job
hunters Of the Swami type.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Home Defense

The United States can never =. -
cessfuliy attacked in the fu.ure h.
power or any combination Of ,ors+
from overseas. The danger <ro, :.
vasion is no more This "a not
extreme statement. We nav d..
this though. from cur minds 49,
vided we maintain and properly r.g
izo submarines, mines and .oroedo..
These defensive elements all Of ,bo~
comparatively cheap give Us grs,.
If not complete-immunity from s,.
cessful attack by 4 foreign power
Inasmuch as the defensive po,ic. :,
s. simplifed and strengthened for 49,
United States in the fet re. va bav.
only to think of the offensive Ars
the consideration Of the offensive al.
monts in future warfare oversee, .,
far as the United States is concerned
ard the appropriations by Congress for
offensive purposes hereafter must ba
governed by our national policy. Va
are absolutely safe from aggression
We cannot be invaded League Of Na-
tions or no League of Nations MAI.
ters not. 1t remains, therefore, to
decide whether or not We ourselves ara
to be aggressive hereafter, and TO what
extent We consider it incumbent upon
US to be aggressive fer the protection
OF our commerce and to secure force.
ful influence in foreign affairs. Mani.
festly, We can, if We choose. he very
economical, reduce taxation ana greatly
curtail appropriation for oFerslve war.
fare. It is a question for the people
to decide.
Preparedness is as important as ever
Preparedness for defense IS much
easier than ever before in our history
Preparedness for otFense, { We are 70
attack overseas, is more difficult than
in the past. New elements nave great
ly changed the material. the strategy
and the tactics Of the offensive over
seas.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Dollar Diplomacy

When Mr.. Tumulty, playing the
part of an admiring Boswell, re-
Gently minstrelized his chief, he
pointed with great pride to 1.-The en-
couragement Of RAN n-Americanism
and "the destruction of dollar diplo-
macy"
Mr.. Tumulty and the public opin-
ion of Latin America seem at wide
variance. Press reports say that
practically every responsible news
paper in Latin America has severely
criticized the policies and methods in
two countries of Latin America
Hayti and Santo Domingo" Latin
America does not applaud subju
cation which has suppressed two
hitherto Independent nations, nor the
boastings Of Franklin d. Roosevelt
Of how he had done it.
DOLLAR diplomacy is a trick
phrase, adopted, if not invented, by
Secretary Bryan to create prejudice
against legitimate efforts to promote
proper trade relations not only with
the countries of Latin America bat
with the Far East 1t was an effort
friendly, not hostile, to our neigh
bors. The intelligent and progress
sive elements OF the republics of
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
---.---I---------------


Frank Harris is one of the most in
teresting Of biographers because he is
without rsticence. He tells all the
things about people which you really
want to know, but which other writer's
are too often inclined to omit on the
ground that it wouldn't be good form
to set them down in print. And yet,
despite this feeling, we are distinctly
shocked by Mr. Harrs's sketch of
George Bernard Shaw in the second
series of Contemporary Portraits" 1t
is almost more than we can stand to
learn that when Shaw was little boy
he was addressed by the other mem
bers of his family as Sonny"
This startling revelation is made in
a letter from Mrs. Ada Tyrrcll who
writes to Mr.. Harris: 81 can tell you
very little more than you know your
self Of Georges youth after the age of
twelve or fourteen, as his family left
Ireland to live in London about then.
My first memory of George is a little
boy n a Holland overall sitting at a
table constructing toy theater
Sonny the other Shaws called him
then. We lived few doors from them
and our mothers being both singers
was the bond between us. Even at
that carly age-C1corge was about ten
he had superior manner to his sis
ters and me, sort Of dignity withal
and remember feeling rather flat
tered when he condcscended to explain
anything that l asked him, though We
girls were year or two older
In addition to its intimacy the bio
graphical style Of Harris is greatly en-
HANGED by a charming irrelevancy. Oft
Harris objects to the meter of one man
aud the dramatic technique Of another
because neither is right on the Irish
question.
.Dunsany,' writes Harris, has got
huge popularity because he repre-
scnts in some degree the new revolt;
but his reputation is based on too
slight foundation to endure; he must
DO better work than be has vet done
II he wishes to be Of the Sacred Band
and stand on the forehead Of the time
TO come. He has been terribly handi-
capped By his name and position; true.
he had the good luck to be brought up
on the Bible and the fairy tales of
Andersen and Grimm; but then he went
to Eton, and he is still suffering from
that infection. Eton made him an ath-
lcte, 1t IS ,sid. and taught him to
play cricket; but it also taught him
TO sneer at woman suffrage and re
we're the House of Lords.
AT Eton he lost a little Of his kind
ly humane manners and learned good
form; instead of prizing Celtic equal
lty and the Kingdom of Man upon
earth, he came to believe in British
Imperialism and the world d-devourinr
destinles Of the British Empire. As
every one knows, Dunsany is an Irish
peer, and yet he not only went into
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Free Speech in Nae.v

1t behoovcs the United States, as
never before, to give this subject i'm.
mediate and intelligent consideration.
We may save billions Of money and
relieve sorely taxed people if we en-
courage experts. inventors, skilled
strategists and Jealous officers of the
army and navy to concentrate upon
this subject. Discussion must be wei.
coined. Suggestions and criticisms
must be invited. The Navy Depart
ment aad the War Department as well
must set officers free from the throt-
tling ard muzzling policy OF the pas.
and permit ability, intelligence and
loyalty to express themselves. Per-
sonsl sorvility and subserviency to in
diViduals, whether civil or military.
must not be demanded Of army and
naval officers. such policies defeat
preparedness. Such policies put medi-
ocrity at the helm in the navy. A vio-
lent change is demanded right now.
The sitting Of respectful free speech
IN the army and navy shouts rot be
tolerated in the future. In this 1ytat
Britain shows us the way. Her olaesrs
are not smothered professionally. Her
policy in this respect spells freedom,
not autocracy. The days of cars and
Aaisers ar past-evcn in the United
States. We n.ed an adequate navy.
always up to date. always ready for
battle not some Of the time, but all
OF The time, every minute Of the time
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05

the offensive IS greatly embar,.
in war overseas. 1t follows. loo,c.m|
that the defense of our outlying nn.
scssions-the Philippines, Guam 10 ~
Hawaiian Islands, Por.o Rico-w,s
be much easier. A strong air for..
allied with submarines, torpedo pla,.s
mines and torpedoes, may suffice ~
aided By feet, to at least hold w =.
an attack, If not completely defeat .
hostile feet.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
Future Naval Policy

Future naval warfare is discussed
in another column. The writer out
lines our policy logically and force
fully. 1t is an appeal to reason. In
view Of recent strides in air naviga-
ton and submarine warfare we must
stop, look and listen" to avoid the
waste Of more billions in building
ships that may soon be useless.
1t is not asserted that we should
Immediately scrap our superdresd-
noughts. But it may be wise to
build no more just now. We have
enough Of rhis class for the present.
Under Mr.. Daniels's personas and
political rule we have had seven
years Of naval chaos. No prepared
ness before a war, riot of waste
during and since the war, no organi-
zatlon, no strategy-nothing but
politics and pettiness.
We must return to "normalcv." &"
There must be economy. Needless
taxation must cease. The navy
now disrupted, divided and demoral-
lzed-must be reorganized reunited
and made efficient for war. The
officers and men Of the navy will be
ready to act when freed from the
blight Of Danielsism.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
MIR. Bryan's Chcerfulness

MIR. Bryan is exceedingly clipper
on the morrow Of a great Democratic
defeat. He has been through the
mill three times himself. 1t is per
haps a relaxation to him to see other
leaders chastened, especially two
leaders who contemptuously rejected
his advise.
MIR. bryan was one Of the original
prophets of the referendum. 1t is his
idea that a referendum means some
thing. President Wilson asked d
vote of confidence in 1913, when he
urged the voters to return Demo-
cratic majorities in the House and
Senate. After the election he dis
missed the result as meaningless.
He insisted this year on another
"great and solemn prebiscite. Mr..
Bryan is not so stunned by the
popular response as to be unable to
figure out that, having invited a
hint, the President ought to act
on it.
In the ex-leader's view the pres
ent leader ought to resign the Pres
idency to Vice President Marshall.
with the understanding that Presi
dent Marshall viii then appoint Sen
ator Harding Secretary of State and
himself resign, thus allowing Mr..
Harding to enter the White House.
1t is dramatic project. But Mr..
Bryan is not entitled to a copyright
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05
But See What They Did to the
ScandalnonpersI

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: At the close of the vilest political
campaign that ever has disgraced Amer
ican politics | should like to suggest
that you run one of your celebrated
feminist editorials, ontitlc it "Woma4a
Suffrage Vindicated," and in it call
attention to the purifying and uplifting
influence that is being exerted upon our
politics by the female voter.
In Difference to her fastidous taste,
the vulgar street corner argument of
former Presidential years has been sup
planted by the whispered gossip, the
scandalmongerug of the backstairs.
f. b WRIGHT.
Dayton, Ohio, Nov. 2, 1920.
New-York tribune., 1920-11-05

most surely safeguard itself. We
should act at once.
Thinking men in all navies are alive
to the fact that . revolution, more or
less complete, in naval architecture is
sure to come in the not very distant
future.
Changes in Ship Design
There are three principal elements
conspiring directly to force change
in the design of fighting ships:
l. Aviation-land and scaplanes.
2. The development of the submarine
and submarine mines.
3. The perfection of the torpedo
plane.
1t is not sensationalsm, it is in line
with plain common sense, to predict
that these three factors, previously
somewhat undeveloped but now being
perfected in their offensive deadliness,
are sounding the ultimate doom of the
$40,0O0,000 super dreadnought. We
may soon be forced, for economical as
we'll as military reasons, to resort to
smaller and cheaper battleships, turtle
back ships or submersi ibles-ships that
will be less vulnerable 70 attack by
immense charges of high explosives
discharged from the air above and
from the sea below.
In making these predictions We must
avoid extreme statements and rabid
recommendations. We must admit
that, at present, the super dreadnought
IS the embodiment of sea power We
cannot scrap all our dreadnoughts now
But we may very wisely doubt the ad-
visibility of building or designing any
more of these very expensive ships if
we already have enough to meet any
probable enemy upon the sea- Pending
the development Of the bombing and
the torpedo plane we must retain the
dreadnought. This is reasonable.
On the other hand, we can meet the
argument of those who say that bomb
ing is inaccurate and that the torpedo
plane is a dream by predicting that
bombing and the torpedo plane will
soon become accurate and deadly
Bombs are not fully developed. We
may expect the invention of a COM
bined contact bomb and depth charge
or mine carrying an enormous charge.
II it does not hit the ship it will land
in the water and act as mine Imag-
inc a large force Of airplsnes placing
a barrage of sech mines around fleet
particularly at dawn or twilight, when
the planes cannot be easily fought off
They may not even attempt to get very
close or to score a direct hit. Will an
admiral gladly conduct fleet through
a sea planted thickIy with such mines
The time has come to "stop, look and
listen" Air navigation, bombing, mines
and torpedoes are in their infancy We
must anticipate the improvements of
the immediate future in view of the
astonishing developments since the ar
mistice.