Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1920-01-13

less OF the supply, or still better to submerge it,
Where water is discharged against pressure a
force pump is necessary. A practical instaIla-
ton for the kitchen sink is a combined suction
and force pump which will be found a great la
Dor saver for the housewife
Deep-WeIl Pumps
Deep-well pumps heavier and stronger than
those described above They may be of the lift OF
force type and the standard or working head is
always directly over the we'll The cylinder
should be (within Is feet) or else below
water level which pumping and drought NAV Gre
ate. Submergence is the preferable arrange
ment. In all installations the size of the pump
ing cylinder must be determined from the size
depth and yielding power of the we'll the GUAM
tity of water required and the available mower
Deep wells and hand or WINDMILL outfits take
small cylinders.
Pumping by means of compressed air is very
old, but the systems used prior to 1909 required
the air supply to be turned or shut off accord
ing to whether not the water was needed
Based on patent granted in that year, two
cylinder airdispacement pump submerged in the
supply and controlled by the opening and
closing of the faucet, was devised The essen.
Tia! parts of installation, besides such a nump
are an air compressor, storage tank engine or mo-
tor-wth air and water pipes, and minor attach
ments. The pump operates only when water is
used, starting whenever faucet is opened and
The chief advantage of acknowledgements pumps
is that water may be taken from ordinary depth
or lateral distance. or from several sources with
power outfit and delivered direct from the
we'll to the faucet The power plant NAV he
located wherever convenient and as many pumus
may be used as there are sources of water Both
hard and soft water may be delivered by using
two pumps and the necessary piping systems
Air-displacement pumps not adapted at pres
ent to lifts much over 125 feet or to wells 'pss
than three inches in diameter nor can they be
used where more water is required than the
well supply within specified period Air
pipes and air-displacement pumps must be tight
and remain tight in service, and working parts
must be kept in good order
Horsepower Needed.
Water may be raised by hand windmill hy-
draulic rams steam, hot air. gas, internal-com-
bustOn engines, electric motors Hand power
is unsuted to large supplies high lifts. Wind
mills are probably the most familiar type of me-
chanical power used and often are arranged TO
start and stop automatically. Gasoline and oil
engines well adapted to farm pumping, and
may be equipped to stop at any desired pressure
in a supply tank The use of electricity for
quiet, and convenient, and starting or stopping
distant pump by throwing switch may be prac
teal wherever transmission lines are sufficiently
near
Inc theoretlcal horsepower needed to raise
water is found by multiplying the gallons pumped
in one minute by the total lift in feet including
friction in both suction and discharge pipes, and
then dividing the product by 1000 The horse
power, computed should be multiplied by from
two to four to overcome losses in pumping and
still allow for a reserve of power. Ordinarily
one to two horsepower engines are sufficient FOR
farm pumps but it is always safest to determine
this point by computation.
An advantage to be derived from the wefn-
stalled farm water system often overlooked is the
benefit it affords in the way of fire prevention
With relatively small expenditure, fixtures can be
added to pipe system, which give ready access
to the water supply for fighting flames. In al
most every case fire can be easily put out If
discovered at its early stage, providing there IS
fire-fghting apparatus near by, and all hands
even the children, taught and drilled to use
such apparatus coolly and skillfully.