davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror., 1920-09-02
EXPLAINS ABOUT CHAUTAUQUA

A little item in last weeks "Mirrorettes"
announced that the Pierian Chautauqua
circle would hold its opening meeting
Sept 10Th. From bits of conversation over
heard at the ball game last Saturday it
appears that many of the present inmates
do not understand what was meant by
Prison Chautauqua, the rules governing,
or the benefits to be derived from it.
The Prison Chautauqua circle was
founded fourteen years ago, at the old
prison, under the direction of Miss Lillian
Gowdy of Minneapolis. A president,
vice-president, secretary and critic were
elected and set of bylaws, conforming
to prison conditions and official approval,
was adopted. The appelation, "Pierian,"
was chosen as a distinguishing title.
Many have entered and left the institu-
ton and the circles membership since its
organization, but the spirit of the P.C.C.
remains the same; a striving for more
knowledge, better and clearer conception
of life's perplexities.
New members are admitted to the circle
by the vote of members in good standing,
subject to the Deputy's endorsement. A
college education is not required; public
school requirements, combined with de-
sire for self improvement, constitute all
necessary mental equipment.
Meetings are held every other Sunday
afternoon and papers on various chosen
subjects are read and discussed by the
different members. Debates on current
and timely topics are held and through
the season a variety of entertaining fea-
lures such as songs, drawings, recitations
and phonograph concerts are given.
Usually two public entertainments are
given during the season, in the auditorium,
at which time special programs are ar
ranged and music provided. A small Ii
brary belonging to the circle is at the
members disposal and extra cards for
The mirror., 1920-09-02

buckets and pass it down rope. This
was found to be too slow, and was sup
plemented by the system of the "siphon"-
log pipe resembling a garden hose be-
ing inserted into the water through the
hole, and the flow started by means of
pump, which was then removed, the water
Continuing on its own) was poured into
canvas baths, which were filled one after
another.
1t was suggested at first that the trees
might be tapped like an ordinary beer
barrel at home; but the natives said this
would split and ruin the tree, so the idea
was abandoned.
However, the Tebeldi tree is not used
for water storage only, as from its bark
the inhabitants make strong and service
able ropes, which are used by them for
roping camel-loads, building their houses,
and, in fact, for anything that needs tying
up or binding.
In the rainy season the Tebeldi is COW
cred with leaves not unlike those of the
sycamore, and affords excellent shade and
coolness, an asset by no means to be de-
spised in Africa. 1t has a large white
cone-shaped flower with red center, but
no SMELL later on it bears fruit in the
shape of large nut about six inches long
and two across, greenish brown in color.
Inside the outer shell are about thirty or
forty smaller nuts clustered together, each
with. its own kernels; they are covered
with a white powder and are bitter to the
taste, with somewhat of an almond flavor.
They are used during Ramadan by the
natives as sort of contour, being
crushed, mixed with water or kisera, and
then boiled and eaten. From the smaller
outer shells the Nubas make snuff-boxes,
which are worn round their waists.
The age of the trees must be very great,
running into centuries. One planted
twenty years ago is still tiny-only about
four inches across. If one asks the sheikhs
and natives (some of them very old), the
reply is always the same: that they have
never seen any difference in the trees; it
is now as it was when they were boys,
and much the same in the days of their
fathers before them.-Selected.
The mirror., 1920-09-02
QUERIES
NOTICE TO INMATES

For the benefit of any inmates who appre-
ciate and see the opportunity that their spare
through correspondent school courses, study Of
good literature, acquiring an education in our
Night Schools, or, who need helpful informa.
ious departments, will herewith be privileged
to use the Query column. You are wei.
come to send in any queries of serious inter:
collaboration Of Miss Miriam e. Carey, su.
pervisor of Institutional Libraries, will gladly
endeavor to supply the requested information.
NOT1CE-In order to regulate the conduct
OF this column inmates must sign their name,
register number and lock number to all queries
submitted for publication. Inmates names, Of
course, will not be published, only the initials
OF each querist being used-Editor.
O:-Please tell me if the Leaning Tower
of Pisa is still standing, or has it collapsed
in recent years ?-W. H.
A:-The Leaning Tower of Pisa, which
was in a dangerous condition for some
years, has been recently reconstructed"
by the Italian Government.
O:-Where does iodine come from p
E. c. R.
A:-The principal source of iodine is
seaweed. 1t is refined from that plant
chiefly on the coasts of Ireland, France
and Spain.
Q:-How tall was Napoleon Bona
parte?-L. L.
A:-Historians say that at the time of
his coronation he was a little under five
feet, three inches, but he became stopped
in later life and at his death he measured
scarcely over five feet
The mirror., 1920-09-02
THE TRADITION OF THE
MIDDLE CLASS

In an article in the August number of
Harber's Magazine w. L. George dis
eliminates between traditions of different
social classes:
"The middle-class tradition is one that
many people laugh at 1t amuses the rebel
mind because it is so sober. The middle
class has never gone about in a feathered
hat, with sword by its side, and so it
tends to exaggerate sobriety. The sue
cessful lawyer in country town reacts
against the feathered hat; he tends to go
about boasting of his broadcloth. He is
so modest that he becomes arrogant. The
middle class irritates by that trick which
resembles the Dragging of the millionaire
who tells everybody that he arrived in
New York without shoes and with only
quarter in his pocket.
"The tradition of the middle class in
deed exhibits certain peculiarties which
arouse unjust merriment. For instance,
am told that in certain American circles,
and l am sure in remote English circles,
the use of the word leg is not favored,
and that it is better to say limb; there
really are people who do not go to bed,
but who prefer to retire 1t sounds just
like Crawford; those ways are nearly
dead, but their spirit is not. That spirit
will die only when classes are dead. The
middle class had to adopt peculiar purity
of speech, and hypocritical purity of life,
because the middle class is barVenu
caste. 1t has only lately risen from the
The mirror., 1920-09-02
THE CONFLICT OF THE CRESCENT
AND THE CROSS IN THE EAST

1t was a strange fate that made Chris
tian Spain both the eastern and western
frontier against Mahommedanism. After
valiantly reconquering their beloved Spain
from the Moors and proving their undy-
ing loyalty to the Catholic faith by the ex-
pulsion of the Jews and Moors from sunny
Andalusia, the thriving industries of To-
ledo and even from the Mosem temples
of old Granada itself, scarcely had these
crusaders of Catholic Spain been given
time to boast of the fervent orthodoxy of
the Spanish nation before Legaspi, the
colonizer, and Urdaneta, the priest, found
the way of the Cross again blocked by the
Crescent of Islam when they set out from
Mexico in 1868 to carry conquest and
Catholicism to Spain's farthest kingdom
beyond the seas. The land of King Philip,
the Philippines, was discovered for the
Christians in 1921 by Magellan who lost
his life there in ain-glorious fight with
the natives. The Mahommedans were
there before him. Mahommedanism,
spreading eastward, had crossed India and
the Malay Archipelago, then turning
northward from Borneo, had conquered
the richest lands of the Philippines, Min
danao and Sulu, and was reaching out
long arms for the remainder of the archi-
pelago when Legaspi sailed into Manila
Bay in 1870 to dispossess the Mahomme-
dan sultan, Lacondola, who had only
short time before made himself ruler of
the prosperous native village of Tondo
beside the muddy waters of the Pasig.
Today, monuments to Magellan, Legaspi
and Urdaneta, lofty Christian churches,
Christian government and almost three
hundred thousand Christian communicates
mark the site where the Crescent first gave
way to the Cross on the new oriental bat
tle-ground of these two great religions
From Our Mandate oVer Moroland by o.
Garfield, Jones, in Asia, for July.
The mirror., 1920-09-02

drawing on the main library are issued,
thus affording an opportunity for research
and study during the eight months season.
Inmates desiring to join the circle or
wishing further particulars should get in
touch with one of the old members and
talk things over. F. T. p,
Chautauqua Secretary.
The mirror., 1920-09-02
WATER TREE OF THE SUDAN

In the Kordofan and Nuba Mountain
provinces of the Sudan is to be found a
remarkable tree, known locally as the
Tebeldi, which is really the "Boabab" or
Adansonic digita. These "water trees"
as some term them, attain height of fifty
to ffty-fve feet and have an enormous
girth of trunk up to height of twenty
five feet or more; above this height their
limbs and branches commence and spread
themselves over large area.
The extraordinary feature of this tree
is that the trunk is by nature hollow, aver
aging about sixteen feet in diameter. In
deed, they have been seen over eighteen
feet across-suAicient if tunnelled, to per-
NIT with ease motor-car or carriage
and pair of horses to be driven through.
In this waterless tract of country the
tree is mainly of value for its water-stor-
ing capacity, which is utilized in the fol-
lowing manner: A small hole, about two
feet across, is made at the top of the
trunk, and native, getting inside through
this, enlarges and improves the natural
cavity, until the walls remain only cou-
pie of inches thick. Then round the foot
of the tree the earth is scraped away to
form a sort of basin, which, as soon as
the rains break, becomes filled with water,
which is then poured from leather buckets
in to the cavity until full. The hole is
then sealed up with mud or clay, and the
supply kept for use in dry season.
Water thus stored remains sweet for
very long time, and even after a lapse of
two years only a slight discoloration is
noticeable. The trees are valuable prop
erty, and are let and sold with adjacent
land. On the main routes through Oar
Hanr the natives make living by SELL
ing water to travellers, the usual rate be-
ing one piastre per burma (roughly two
gallons).
A great many of the trees are owned
by the Government, the number and
cubical capacity of each being registered.
A case of their extreme utility, or rather
necessity, was witnessed in 1916, during
the expedition against the late Sultan Ali
Dinar, of Darfur, when, at Wad Bunda,
about one hundred miles west of El-
Nahud, the whole of the mobile column,
consisting of some eight hundred camels
leach drinking ten to thirteen gallons),
sixty horses and mules, and six hundred
men, were watered solely from Tebeldi
trees. Two methods were used, one being
the ordinary native way of sending a man
up the trees to get the water out by leather
The mirror., 1920-09-02
NOTICE TO INMATES:

Each inmate is accorded the privilege of
sending one paper home or to friends free Of
charge. To do this you should write your
own namo and register number and the name
and address of the person you wish to send
the paper to, and hand same to your officer
II you desire to send more than one paper,
each additional copy will be charged for at
the rate Of SO cents year.
The paper delivered to your cell each week
must be kept clean, and should be folded in
at the foot of your bed on the morning fol-
lowing the day on which it is delivered to
your cell.
The mirror., 1920-09-02

Observation-Disclosures submitted to THE
MIRROR for publication must be absolutely
original; if not original, proper credit must
be given, if known; if writer's name is not
known, it should be so specified by said con-
tributor. Should contributor fail to comply
with this request he will henceforth be dropped
from THE MIRRORS contributing staff.
Approved by WARDEN. Editor.
The mirror., 1920-09-02

NOTICE-All inmates using the Query Col.
umn and desiring more detailed information to
their queries are invited to use the splendid
reference books in our library to be had on
request: The International Text Books are
especially complete in their information on
technical subjects. Consult the Reference,
Useful Arts, Literature, Chemistry, Biogra.
ply and Science divisions of our library csta.
logue for diversified subjects
The mirror., 1920-09-02

CHURCH NOTICE
Services in the Prison Chapel at nine o'clock
every Sunday morning, Protestant and Catho-
lie service overy alternate Sunday. Rev. G. E.
Benson and Rev. FIR. Corcoran, Chaplains.
The mirror., 1920-09-02

eff we could only know when it is too
late before it is too late how happy we
think we'd be-"
The mirror., 1920-09-02
"Pluck is the stepfather of success"

"It's long, long road between Said
and Done'."
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
FIRST SEMESTER
IN CITY SCHOOL !
COMES TO CLOSE
Second Half of Year Opens; Promo
tions Announced and Number
Retained Given Out; New
Teachers Take Up Work.

The first semester Of the city pub
lie schools came to an end Friday and
promotions in all schools are taking
place today.
In the grade schools, at the West
school, 316 were promoted and %
were retained; South school 3S1 were
promoted and 35 were retained;
North school, 2S8 were promoted and
SO were retained; Southwest school
164 were promoted and 80 were re-
tanned; Northwest school, 143 were
promoted and q were retained.
A total of 1892 were promoted and
179 were retained.
In the junior and senior high
schools, the examination papers have
not all been graded and report can
not be had, but both of these insti-
tutions are oyer-flowing with pupils
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
GRADY WOMEN IN SESSION
APPOINT STATE DELEGATES
(continuea rom page u

CONTINUED from page IL
county secretary, whose duties shall
be to organize the women democratic
voters in Grady county in such meth
cd as may be determined by the con-
vention of democratic women at Ok
lahoma City on January 9th.
That all Democratic women of
Grady county who are present at the
womans democratic convention at
Oklahoma City on January 27, be
considered delegates to such conven-
ton from this county and a majority
of those present be authorized to
vote the entire vote of Grady county
in such convention
Following is the list of delegates
selected to represent Grady county at
the state convention of democratic
women on January 27:
Miss Anna Wade ONeill, Mrs.
Katherine Barr, Miss Francis Davis,
Mrs. l.. d. Major, Mrs J. A, Saun-
ders, Mrs. NJ F. hard, Mrs. J. A.
Thompson Mrs. b.. B., Barefoot, Mrs.
D. e. Emerson, Mrs. Harry Hammer
ly, Mrs. Will Melton, Miss Adola
Zinn, Mrs. G. M. Rogers, Mrs. Oma
Mumford, Mrs. j. A. Hyndman, Mrs.
VIII Hopkins, Mrs. r. T. Montgomery,
Mrs. r. NJ Covett, Mrs. Edna T. Wat.
kins, Mrs. G. w Austin. Mrs. Alger
Melton, Mrs. T l.. Friend, Mrs w. H
| Gilkey
Miss Elizabeth Rule, Mrs. r, B
| Cook, Mrs. VIII Linn. Mrs. M. II
Shepard Mrs. Geo. Evans, Mrs. r. H
Wilson, Mrs. F.. NJ. Bailey, Mrs. ].
L. Gray, all Of Chicklsha.
! Mrs. Floyd Kimball, Tuttle; Mrs
e. H. Russell. Verden.
Mrs. j. B. Rule, Rush Springs, Mrs
]. A. Sager, Minco, Mrs. Roy G.
Smith, Bradley; Mrs Geo. Petty, Mid
dleburg; Mrs. Chas. Lentz; Ninnekah
Mrs Villa Beddingfield, Pocasset;
Mrs Williamson, Alex; Mrs. Walter
Bell, Pocasset; Mrs. Clella Moseley
Bailey; Mrs. Theo. Stover NARROW;
Mrs. Lon Smiley, Laverty.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19

who will receive their promotion and
grades today or tomorrow.
Reports in the office of the auper
intendent show that irregular attend
ance-is the cause of fully two-thirds
of all failures in school work, while
lack of study, physical defects, ade-
noids, etc, insufficient capacity to do
the work of the grades causes the
other failures.
A large number Of pupils from the
grade schools are taking up the work
of the new semester this morning in
the Junior high school.
New teachers at senior high
schools are as follows: Miss Mary
NJ. Perkinson of the Uniersity of Ok
lahonay is teaching Spanish and
French in the place Of Miss Mary
Virgins, resigned. H. r. Bordell, Ok
lahoma A. and NJ college, class Of
1917, has taken charge of the voca-
tional agriculture work in place of W.
A. Marker, resigned Mr. Marker is
going into the hardware business at
Orlando, Oklahoma. The work of the
vocational agriculture department has
been a distinct success and it will
continue along the same lines with
Mr.. Bordell.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
F E A TUR RE II o u S E
G Il GG
~ THEATRE vv
t
A perturbation of Harold Bell
Wfight's famous story:
"THE SHEPHERD OF
THE HILLS"

A particular and sentimental inter-
est to Americans centers about the
novel of THE Shepherd of the Hills"
perturbation of which is to be
shown at the Sugg theater today and
| tomorrow. A story more typically
American could not be written The
scenes are laid in the O2arbs, part
of the United States which may be
said to have been discovered by Har-
old Bell Wright, as it is a region lit
tie known to the average person be-
yond those in that immediate vicin-
ity, before the advent of THE Shep-
herd of the Hills" 1t has since be-
come national vacation ground,
visited by thousands OF tourists every
year A casual visit there showed
Mr.. Wright its possibilities, and he
remained to write a story Of present
day life in that country. This story
is now known in every land, and any
one who has read the book can imme-
diately understand how wonderfully
it could be shown in pictures. The
picturesque and sturdy mountaineers
are faithfully portrayed, and the see
mic background is lavish in its dis
play of natures beauties in South
western Missouri.
The dramatic possibilities of the
book lend themselves admirably as
well, especially the element of mys-
terry which pervades the whole story
and which is so startlingly cleared up
at the end of the play.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
NO HEARING IN
STROUD MURDER CASE
BY United Press.

BY United Press.
Washington, Jan. 1g.-The supreme
court today refused to grant a re
hearing in the case of Robert L.
Stroud, who is under a death SEN
Eence for the killing of guard in
tae Leavenworth prison. The sen
tence was recently affirmed by the
high court.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
u. s. Transport Is
Being Toured Home
By United Press.

Boston, Jan. 19.-The American
transport Powhatan, which was dis
ab.ed 500 mixes east of New York
with 271 passengers aboard is being
towed to Halifax by the White Star
liner, Cedric, according to wire
less. 1t is said that the ship is in
no immediate danger.
A later wireless dispatch stated
that the steamer Bardic had taken
the place of the Cedric in towing the
liner. No reason for the change was
given.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
Cocoa a npivine Plant.n

Cocoa, from the leaves of which CO.
caine is produced, was known among
the meas as the divine plant" long
before the western world was thought
of in the East
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19

FOR SALE-fhree Fords Motor
Inn. Phone 297. 19-3t
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1920-01-19
TWO SHOWS DAILY
DOORS OPEN AT 2 O'CLOCK.
Matinee begins at 2:3o o'clock
DOORS OPEN AT 7 O'CLOCK
Night show at 8:15 o'clock.

Prices-Matinee, special price to
children 15c; adults, soc. Night
Main floor every seat reserved, soc;
balcony, children zoe; adults 35c.
Gallery, children 10c; adults 15c.
Reserved seats for night show now
on sale at Brownsons drug store.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1920-07-25
HOEOrs to BE
Won at Camp.

Special attention will be given 10
rewarding campers for helping
mako tho camp enjoyable for all
Every boy will have an opportunity
to bring hack from camp honor
badges denoting that he has given
something to camp and also gotten
something from II,
The 4 NJ badges will be given "a
all boys who meet the require
mcnts. These are not competitke.
The 4 Ms denote special work in
muscle, mind, morals and manhood.
a boy may win all tho four badges,
There are four requirements for
each badge:
Tent inspection will be competi-
tive between tents; one tent only
can win the inspection each day by
getting the highest number of points.
At tho end OF the camp period each
boy I'm the tent that has the highest
number OF points will be rewarded.
The "Cha-et Club" IL n deep mys-
terry. To belong to this club a boy
will. without knowing It, do one
certain thing In camp. He viii then
he sworn to secrecy and told how
he earned his membership. 4 close
watch will be kept by the camp
council and the members of the
club and when n boy is seen doing
the thing that makes him n member
II is reported. The great secret VIII
not be known until the end OF the
camp period except by those who
have won membership.
Another competitive contest win
be table inspection. One table will
be awarded an honor badge each
meal,
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1920-07-25
feEfAsEp (7obo pohoDp TURN DAILY
TULSA 4p SCOUT
pusl.Aed Weekly BY Ssyg ne Tulsa Council
BOY SCOUTS Of AMERICA

carried out the rules governing It
are here givcn.
No boy will be allowed TO 30
swimming except at specified hours
and no boating will be allowed un-
less nn adult is In the boat, There
In n swimming period in the morn
Ing from 1890 until ~ and again
from 4.30 until $3.50 and during
these periods men viii be stationed
ut different points 30 that the whole
pool may be watched. Certain
boundaries are laid out ana no boy
10 allowed 10 go beyond these
boundaricA swimming inBtruction
will be given for all scouts who
cannot swim 30 yards from 4 until
t:30. The water In tho river where
tho boys so IN " clear ana cool;
there are no swift currents and boys
may swim within n radiua OF 30
yards and not get over their heads.
A large raft will be anchored In
tho middle OF the river for boys
who wish to dive.
Tho men In charge OF tho camp
fully realize that too much precau-
tion cannot he taken and no effort
will be spared 90 make the swim
tming and boating part OF the pro-
S,ram as safe and enjoyable as possi-
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1920-07-25
Leadership.

The next time you honr anyone
say anything about the hoy prob
lem" no called. you tell them that
there 10 no such thing ns boy
problem. The real problem Ia one
OF leadership. Are you "A man2 Read
tho above lines again.
A troop Of scouts with real
troop committee ana real scout
master send in their reports reRu-
larry and show a clean record of
advancement at all timcs. Such n
troop B distinct asset to tho
church, community and nation. II
is such n troop not bocduHc of the
boys who arc members but because
OF the men who are the leaders
In every case OF complaint Tor the
actions OF conduct OF troop ot
scouts the trouble can be tfncod di-
rectly not 20 the boys, but 20 tho
laxity on The part Of the leader IN
charge OF the group. Tho biggest
mistake "A man can make Ia 10 take
ovcr the responsibility for tho lead
ership of group Of boys and then
fall down on the job. n IL like a
nai driven into tho polished surface
II can be romovod but the hole will
he left and tho scars OF the pull