davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Industrial Relations

There are two different con-
ceptions Of the relations of cap
ital and labor. The one is con-
tractual, and emphasizes the di-
versity of interests Of employer
and employe. The other is that
of co-partnership in a common
task.
We recognize the justice Of
collective bargaining as a means
of promoting good will, estab-
fishing closer and more harmo-
nious relations between en-
ployer and employe and realiz-
ing the true end Of industrial
Justice.
The strike or the lockout as a
means of settling industrial dis
putes inflicts such loss and suf-
fering on the community as to
justify government initiative to
reduce its frequency and limit
its consequences.
We deny the right to strike
against the government; but the
rights and interests OF all gov
ernment employees must be safe
guarded by impartial laws and
tribunity.
In public utilities we favor
the establishment of an impair
tial tribunal to make an investi-
gation of the facts and to render
a decision to the end that there
may be no organized Interrupt
tion of service detrimental to
the lives and health and welfare
of the people. The decisions of
the tribunals TO be morally but
not legally binding, and an in
formal public sentiment be re-
lied on to secure their accept
ance. The tribunal, however,
should refuse to accept juris-
diction except for the purpose
of investigation, as long as the
public service be interrupted.
For public utilities we favor the
type of tribunal provided for in
the transportation act of 1890.
In private industries we do
not advocate the principle of
compulsory arbitration, but we
favor impartial commission and
better facilities for voluntary
mediation, Cancellation and arbi-
tration supplemented by that
full publicity which will enlist
the influence of an aroused
public opinion. The government
should take the initiative in in
viting the establishment of
tribunals or commissions for the
purpose of voluntary arbitration
and investigation of this issue.
We demand the exclusion
from interstate commerce of the
products of convict labor.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Taxation

The burden Of taxation inn
posed upon the American people
is staggering; but in presenting
a true statement Of the situation
we must face the fact that,
while the character Of the taxes
can and should be changed, an
early reduction Of the amount
OF revenue 10 be raised is not to
be expected. The next Repub-
lican administration will inherit
from Its Democratic predecessor
a floating Indebtedness Of over
$4,000, 900, 900, the prompt liqui-
dation OF which is demanded by
sound financial considerations.
Moreover, the whole fiscal policy
of the Government must be
deeply Influenced by the neees-
sity Of meeting obligations in
excess Of $4,000, 100000 which
mature in 1923. But sound policy
equally demands the early ac-
complishment OF that real re-
duction of the tax burden which
may be achieved by substituting
simple for complex tax laws and
procedure, prompt and certain
determination of the tax liabil-
ity for delay and uncertainty,
tax laws which do not. for tax
laws which do excessively mulct
the consumer or needlessly re-
press enterprise and thrift.
We advocate the issuance Of
a simplihed form OF income re-
turn; authorizing the Treasury
Department TO make changes in
regulations effective only from
the date OF their approval; em-
poweripg the commissioner Of
interna. revenue, with the con-
sent OF the taxpayer to make
final and conclusive settlements
OF tax claims. and assessments
barring fraud, and the creation
Of a tax board consisting of at
least three representatives of the
tax paying public and the heads
Of the principal divisions OF the
Bureau OF Internal Revenue to
act as a standing committee on
the simplification OF forms. pro-
cedure OF law and TO make
recommendations to the Con-
gress
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
immigration

The standard Of living and
tho standard of citizenship are
its most precious possessions
and the preservation and eleva-
ton Of those standards is the
first duty Of our government.
The immigration policy Of the
United States should be Such as
to ensure the number of foreign
ers in the country at any one
shall not exceed that which can
be assimilated with reason
able rapidity and to favor immi-
grants whose standards are
similar to ours.
The selective tests that are at
present applied could be inn
proved by requesting a higher
physical standard. more COM
plete exclusion of mental de-
fectives and of criminals and OF
a more effective inspection ap-
piled as near the source OF i'm
migration as possible as we'll as
al the port of entry. Justice to
the foreigner and TO ourselves
demands provision for the guild
ance, protection and better eco
nomic distribution of our alien
population. To facilitate govern
ment supervision, all aliens
should be required 20 register
annually until they become
naturaiized.
The existing policy of the Uni
ted States for the practical ex-
clusion of Asiatic immigrants
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Agriculture

The farmer is the backbone
Of the nation. National great
ness and economic Independence
demand population distributed
between industry and the farm,
and sharing on equal terms the
prosperity which is wholly de-
pendent on the efforts Of both.
Neither can prosper az tho ex-
penso Of the other without invit-
ing joint disaster.
The crux Of the present agri-
cultural condition lies in prices,
labor and credit.
The Republican party believes
that this condition can be im-
proved by practical and ade-
quate farm representation in the
appointment Of governmental
officials and commissions; the
right to form cooperation assoc
Citations for marketing their
products. and protection against
discrimination; the scientific
study Of agricultural prices and
farm production costs at home
and abroad. with a view TO re-
ducing the frequency of abnor-
NAL fluctuations; the uncensor-
ed publication of such reports;
the authorization Of associa-
tons for the extension Of per-
sonal credit; national inquiry
on the coordination OF rail,
water and motor transportation
with adequate facilities for re-
oeiving. handling and market
ing food, the encouragement Of
our export trade; and end 70 un-
necessary price fixing and ill.,
considered efforts arbitrarily to
reduce prices of farm products
which invariably result TO the
disadvantage both OF producer
and consumer: and the encour-
aKement Of the production and
importation OF fertilizing ma
terial and Of its extensive use
The Federal Farm Loan Act
should be SO Administered as to
facilitate the acquisition Of farm
land by those desiring 10 become
owners and proprietors and thus
minimize the evils Of farm ten
antry, and to furnish such long
time credits as farmers may
need to finance adequately their
larger and longtime produc-
8ion operations.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Free Speech and Alien Agita-
ton

: We demand that every Amer
lean shall enjoy the ancient
and constitutional right of free
speech. free press and free as
sembly and the no less sacred
right OF the qualified voter to be
represented by his duly chosen
representatives; but no man
may advocate resistance to the
law, and no man may advocate
violent overthrow OF the govern
ment.
Aliens within the jurisdiction
OF the United States are not en-
titled 10 the right to liberty Of
agitation directed against the
government or American insti-
tutions.
Every government has the
power to exclude and deport
these aliens who constitute
real menace to its peaceful ex=
istence. But in view Of the
large numbers Of people affect
ed by the immigration acts and
in view Of the vigorous mall
practice of the Departments of
Justice and Labor, an adequate
public hearing before a compe-
tent administrative tribunal
should pe assured TO all.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Merchant Marine

The national defense and our
foreign commerce require
merchant marine OF the best
type OF modern ship flying tho
American flag. manned by
American seamen, owned by
private capital and operated by
private energy.
we endorse the sound legis-
lation recently enacted BY the
Republican Congress that will
insure the promotion and main
tenance OF the American mer-
chant marine.
We favor the application OF
the workmen's compensation
acts to the merchant marine.
We recommend that all ships
engaged IN coastwlse trade and
all vessels Of tho American
merchant marine shall pass
through the Panama Canal
without premium OF tolls.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Railroads

We are opposed to government
ownership and operation or en-
ploye operation Of the railroads
In the view Of the condition
prevailing in the country the
expenditures of the last tssv
years and the conclusions which
may be fairly drawn from an
observation Of the transporta-
tions systems of other countries
It is clear that adequate trans
portation service both for the
present and future can be fur
nished more certainly, economic
ally and efficiently through priv
ate ownership and operation
under proper regulation and
control
There should be no specu-
lative profit in rendering the
service OF transportation; but in
order to do justice to the cap
ital already invested in railway
enterprises, to restore railway
credit to induce future invest
ments at a reasonable rate and
to furnish enlarged facilities to
meet the requirements OF the
constantly increasing develop
ment and distribution a fair re-
turn upon actual value Of the
railway property used in trans
portation should be made reas-
onably sure, and at the same
time to provide constant employ
ment to those engaged in trans
portation service with fair hours
and favorable working condi-
tions at wages or compensation
at least equal to those prevail
ing in similar lines OF industry.
We endorse the Transporta-
ton Act Of 1920 enacted by the
Republican Congress as a most
conservative legislative achieves
ment.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Women in Industry

Women have special problems
OF employment which mako
necessary special study. We
commend Congress for the per-
manent establishment Of the wo-
mems bureau in the United
States department OF labor to
serve as a source of information
to the states and to congress.
The principle Of equal pay for
equal service should be applied
through out all branches Of the
federal government in which wo-
men are employed.
Federal aid for vocational
training should take into con-
sideration the special aptitudes
and needs OF women workers.
We demand federal legisla-
tion TO limit the hours Of en-
ployment of women engaged in
intensive industry, the product
OF which enters into interstate
commerce.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
international Trade and Traiff

The uncertain and unsettled
conditions of international ball
ances and the abnormal eco
nomic and trade situation OF
the world, and the impossibility
OF forecasting accurately even
the near future, preclude the
formulation Of a definite pro-
gram to meet conditions a year
hence But the Republican par
ty reatiirms its belief in the pro-
tective principle, and pledges
itself TO a revision Of the tariff
as soon as conditions shall make
1t necessary for the preserva-
tion OF the home market for
American labor, agriculture and
industry.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Postal Service

We condemn the present adj
ministratlcn for its destruction
OF the efficiency of the postal
service. and the telegraph and
telephone service when con-
trolled by the government, and
for its failure to properly COM
pensate employees whose expert
knowledge is essential TO the
proper conduct of the affairs of
the postal system, We commend
the Republican Congress for the
enactment Of legislation inereas-
ing the pay of postal employees,
who up to that time were the
poorest paid in the government
service.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Public Roads and Highways

We favor liberal appropria-
tions in cooperation with the
states for the construction Of
highways, which will bring
about q reduction IN transpor-
tation costs. better marketing OF
farm products. Improvement in
rural postal delivery, as well as
meet the needs OF military des
fense.
In determining the proportion
OF federal aid for road con-
struction among the states. the
sums lost in taxation to the re-
spective states by the setting
apart Of large portions Of their
area as forest reservations,
should be considered as con-
trolling factor.
Conservation is a Republican
policy II began with the pas
sage Of the Reclamation Act.
signed by President Roosevelt.
The recent passage Of the coal
oil and phosphate leasing bill
by a Republican Congress and
the enactment OF the water
power bin fashioned in accord
ance with the same principle
are consistent landmarks in tho
development Of the conservation
Of our national resources. We
denounce the refusal of the
President to sign the water
power bin passed after ten
years OF controversy. The Re
publican party has taken an es-
pecially honorable part in saw
ing our national forests and in
the effort TO establish a national
forest policy. Our most press
ing conservation question re-
lates to our forests. We are
using our forest resources faster
than they are being renewed.
The result is to raise unduly the
cost of forest products to con-
sumers and especially farmers,
who use more than half. the lum-
Ter produced in America, and in
the end to create a timber fam
inc. The federal government,
the states and private interests
must unite in devising means TO
meet the menace.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11

tional law and our treaty rights.
The Republican party is a sin
cere friend of the Mexican peo-
Pile. In its insistence upon the
maintenance of order for the
protection of American citizens
within its borders, a great serv-
ice will be rendered the Mexican
people themselves for a continu-
alton of present conditions
means disaster to their interest
and patriotic aspirations.
(C) Mandate of Armenia
We condemn President Will
son for asking Congress to en-
power him to accept a mandate
for Armenia. The acceptance
of such mandate would throw
the United States into the very
maelstrom of European quar-
rels. According to the estimate
of the Harbord commission, or
ganized by authority of Presi-
dent Wilson, we would be called
upon to send $4,000 American
boys to police Armenia and to
expend S276,00O,000 in the first
year and 1855, 6,0O0,0O0 in five
years. This estimate is made
upon the basis that we would
have only rowing bands to fight
but in case of serious trouble
with the Turks or with Russia,
a force exceeding 100000 would
be necessary.
No more striking illustration
can be found of President viii
sons disregard of the lives of
American boys or American in
terests.
We deeply sympathAge with
the people of Armenia and stand
ready to help them in all proper
ways, but the Republican party
will oppose now and hereafter
the acceptance of mandate for
any country in Europe or Asia.
The Republican party stands
for agreement among the ma
tions to preserve the peace Of
the world. We believe that such
an international association
must be based upon interna-
tional justice. and must provide
methods which shall maintain
the rule of public right by de-
velopment of law and the de-
cision of impartial courts and
which shall secure instant and
general international conference
whenever peace shall be threat
ened by political action, so that
the nations pledged to do and
insist upon what is just and fair
may exercise their influence and
power for the prevention Of war.
We believe that all this can be
done without the compromise
of national independence, with
out depriying the people Of the
United States in advance of the
right to determine for them
selves what is just and fair
when the occasion arises. and
without involving them as par
ticipants and not as peacemak-
ers in a multitude Of quarrels,
the merits of which they are UNI
able to judge.
The covenant signed by the
president at Paris failed signally
to accomplish this purpose, and
contained stipulations not only
intolerable for an independent
people, but certain to produce
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Civil Service

We renew our repeated dec
laration that the civil service
law shall be. thoroughly and
honestly enforced and extended
wherever practicable. The re-
cent action Of Congress in en-
acting comprehensive civil
service retirement law and in
working out a comprehensive
employment and wage policy
that viii guarantee equal and
just treatmsnt to the army Of
government workers, and in CEN
tralizing the administration Of
the new and progressive employ
ment policy in the hands of the
civil service commission is
worthy Of all praise.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
National Economy

A Republican Congress re-
auced the estimates submitted
hv the Administration for the
Hscal year 1920 almost three
billion dollars and for the fiscal
year 1921 over a billion and a
quarter dollars. Greater econo-
mics could have been effected
had ii not been for the stubborn
refusal OF the Administration to
cooperate with Congress in an
economy program. The univer-
sal demand for an executive
budget is recognition Of the
incontrovertibie fact that lead
ership and sincere assistance on
The part Of the executive depart
ments are essential to effective
economy and constructive re-
trenchment.
The Ovcrman Act invested the
President of the United States
with all the authority and power
necessary to restore the Fed
erai Government TO normal
peace basis and to reorganize,
retrench and demobilize. The
dominant fact is that eighteen
months after the armistice the
United States Government is
sall on wartime basis and the
expenditure program Of the
executive reflects wartime ex-
travagance rather than rigid
peace-time economy.
AS an example OF the failure
to retrench which has charac-
terized the postwar policy OF
the Administration, we cite the
fact that. not including the War
and Navy Departments. the ex-
ecutiye departments and other
establishment at Washington
actually record an increase sub
sequent to the armistice Of PISA
employees. The net decrease in
payroll costs contained in the
1921 demands submitted by the
Administration is only one per
cent under that Of 1920. The
annual expenses Of Federal
operation can be reduced hun
dreds of millions of dollars with
out irnpairing the efficiency OF
the public service.
We pledge ourselves to a care
fully planned readjustment to
a peace-time basis and TO a
policy OF rigid economy, TO the
better coordination OF depart
mental activities, to the elimina-
ltion of unnecessary officials and
lemployes and TO the raising Of
the standard OF individual eff
ciency.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
TEXT OF PLATFORM ADOPTED BY REPUBLICAN CONVENTION

the injustice, hostility and con-
troversy among nations which It
proposed to prevent.
That covenant repudiated TO
a degree wholly unnecessary and
unjustifiable, the time-honored
policy in favor of peace de-
clared by Washington and JEFF
ferson and Monroe and pursued
by all American administrators
for more than a century, and it
ignored the universal sentiments
of America for generations past
in favor of international law and
arbitration and it rested the
hope Of the future upon mere
expediency and negotiation.
The unfortunate insistence of
the President upon having his
own way without any change.
and without any regard TO the
opinion of the majority of the
Senate which shares with him in
the treaty making power. and
the Presidents demand that
the treaty should be ratified
without any modification created
a situation in which Senators
were required to vote upon
the treaty as it was presented or
submit to the commands Of a
dictator in a matter where the
authority under the Constitution
were theirs and not his.
The senators performed their
duty faithfully. We approve
their conduct and honor, their
courage and fidelity and we
pledge the coming Republican
administration to such agree
ment with the other nations of
the world as shall meet the full
duty Of America to civilization
and humanity in accordance
with American ideals, and with
out surrendering the right of the
American people to exercise its
judgment and its power in
favor of justice and peace.
Pointing to its history and rely
ing upon its fundamental prin-
ciples, we declare that the Re-
publican party has the generous
courage and constructive abil-
ity to end executive usurpation
and restore constitutional gov
ernment; to fulfil our world ~
legations without sacrificing onr
national independence; to raise
the national standard of educa-
ton, health and general welfare;
to reestablish a peace time ad-
ministration and to substitute
economy and efficiency for ex-
travagance and chaos; to restore
and maintain the national cred-
it; to reform unequal and bur-
densome taxes; TO free business
from arbitrary and unnecessary
official control; to suppress dis
loyalty without denial of JUS
tice; TO repeal the arrogant chal-
lenge of any class; and to main
tain a government of all the peo-
pie as contrasted with govern
ment for some of the people,
and finally, to allay unrest,
suspicion and strife and to seS
cure the cooperation and unity
Of all citizens in the solution of
the complex problems Of the
day, to the end that our coun-
try, happy and prosperous, proud
of its past, sure Of itself and its
institutions, may look forward
with confidence to the future.
Evening journal., 1920-06-11
Woman Suffrage

We welcome into fun partici-
patton in the affairs of govern
ment and the activities Of the
Republican legislatures in States
which have not yet acted upon
the suffrage amendment viii
ratify the amendment, to the
end that all Of the women Of the
nation Of voting age may par
ticipate in the election Of 1920,
which is so important to the
welfare of our country.