East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1920-09-25
frhe Monroe Doctrlnc)

Nothing in this covenant shall be
deemed to affect the validity of inter
national engagements such as treaties
OF arbitration or regional understand
ings like the Monroe Doctrine for Sc
curing the maintenance of peace.
Article Twenty Two.
(AIandatory Tutelage OF Colonies and
Backward Races)
To those colonies and territories
which as a consequence Of the late
war have ceased to be under sovereign
" of the states which formerly govern
ed them and which are inhabited by
peoples not yet able to stand by them
selves under the strenuous conditions
of the modern world, there should be
applied the principle that the well be-
ing and development of such peoples
form n sacred trust of civilization and
that securities for the performance of
ahis trust should be embodied in this
covenant.
The best method of giving practi-
cable effecttothis principle is that the
tutelage of such peoples be entrusted
to advanced nations who, by reasons
of their resources. their experience or
their geographical position. can best
undertake this responsibility. and
who are willing to accept it. and that
this tutelage should be exercised by
them as mandatories on behalf of the
league.
The character of the mandate must
differ according TO the stage of devei-
opment of the people. the geographi-
cal situation of the territory its eco
nomic condition and other similar cir
|cumstances.
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached a stage of development where
their existence as independent nations
can be Professionally recognized sub
ject to the rendering of administrative
advice and assistance by mandatory
until such time as they are able to
stand alone. The wishes of these COM
munit.es must be principal consider
alton in the selection of the manda-
ltory.
Other peoples. especially those of
Central Africa, are at such a stage
that the mandatory must be respon-
sible for the administration of the ter
ritory under conditions which will
guarantee freedom of conscience or re-
ligion subject only to the maintenance
of public order and morals. the prohi-
II
trade. the arms traffic and the liquor
traffic and the prevention of the es-
Establishment of Notifications or mill
/ tary and naval bases and of military
raining of the natives for other than
police purposes and the defense of
territory and will also secure equal op-
portunities for the trade and COM
merce of other members of the league.
| nria as h
west Africa and certain of the South
Pacific islands. which. owing to the
sparseness of their population or
their small size or their remoteness
from the centers of civilization or
their geographical contiguity to the
Territory of the mandatory and other
circumstances, can be best administer
ed under the laws of the mandatory
as integral portions of its territory
subject to the safeguards above men,
| toned in the interests of the indigen-
/ Gus population. In every case of man.
date, the mandatory shall render tc
1.-The council an annual report in refer
ence to the territory committed to 1t:
charge.
The degree of authority, control ol
administration to be exercised by th'
mandatory shall. if not previousl,
lagreed upon by the members of th'
league. be explicitly defined in eacf
case by the council.
A permanent commission shall be
constituted to receive and examine thu
Iannual reports of the mandatories ant
to advise the council on all matters re
lating to the observance of the man
dates.
Article Twenty-Threc.
| Humanitarian Provisions; Freedom
of Transit.)
Subject to and in accordance witt
1.-THE provisions of international conven
ltions existing or hereafter to be agreed
upon the members of the League "a
will endeavor to secure and maintain
fair and humane conditions of labo
for men, women and children. goth il
their own countries and in all coun
| tries to which their commercial ant
| Industrial relations extend, and fo
that purpose will establish and main
tain the necessary international or
Iganizations; OBJ undertake to secure
| Just treatment of the native inhabi-
tants or territories under their con
troll; (c) will entrust the league will
| the general supervision over the. exc
cution of agreements with regard Il
1 the traffic in women and children, ant