davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

sion OF the Baltimore and Ohio rail-.
road on Friday loaded sos cars o.
coal and coke-5S2 cars Of coal amt
26 cars OF coke. There were 4SS
cars OF coal and 121 cars OF coal
west, OF the soke loading there
we're 13 cars loaded west and u
east. Wagon mines on Friday load
ed 16 cars OF coal.
Operations along the Mononga.
hela railway on Friday loaded zig
cars OF coal in the West Virginia
district. In the Pennsylvania dis.
trict there were 221 cars OF coal
loaded.
There were Ill cars OF coal load.
ed along the Helen's Run and
tt-Bingamon branches OF the
Western Maryland railway.
Daily Shipments.
Shipments OF the Mononagh divi'
sion OF the Baltimore and Ohio rail
road on Friday were as follows:
Curtis Bay, "A cars; st. Georges,
90 cars: lakes, 16 cars; Michigan
points, 20 cars; Ohio points. 80
cars; miscellaneous western
points, so cars,
Railroad Fuel.
Railroad fuel shipments yester-
day totaled 1855 cars. The consign.
ments were rs follows: B. G. o.,
Ill cars; Bangor & Arostock, IL
cars; G. OF N. j., IL cars; Lehigh
Valley. &c cars; New York, New
Haven & Hartford, SO cars: p. &
R., AZ cars; Boston and Maine, IL
cars; Maine Central. 35 cars; Erie,
II cars.
United Mine Workers.
John Custalac, district organizer,
is in Morgantown.
Ira Marks, district board mem.
Der, is today In, Pennington.
Edward Matthews, secretary OF
sub district 4, will spend Labor day
IN Clarksburg. where he resides.
Charles Bailey, international or
ganizer, will leave tonight for
Southwest, Pa, where he will de-
liver an address on Labor Day.
The Lake Situation.
Reports from Cleveland indicate
that coal is moving rather slowly
to the lake front. There has been
a let up in loading for several days
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

but despite that fact the stocks
have been cut down recently more
than they have been for several
T6e railroads only had 1856 cars
Mt the lake front Thursday morning
and ALTO cars IN transit. ThR
docks dumped 2,S13 cars Wedp
day and receipts were 2,416
Loading for yesterday was est
ed at 2,6s5 cars.
A general advance OF IS cent6
ton was made yesterday IN the
price OF fuel from lighters, maldnS
the price here $3.50 ton and IN
the Detroit and 500 rivers "a q
ton. The advance e was said MAss
due to the increase In wages -
day labor at the mines. TonnS
Is being offered for grain
there Is little demand and Their
no change In the market In OF
lines.
Coal Tract Sold.
Dispatches from Pittsburgh m
dictate that ]. A. Paisley, president
Of the Valley Comp Coal company
has purchased what has been. CON
sidered the largest industrial coz
land deal in the country In the pp
chase of the Cochran tract, VIII
consists OF 13,60S acres OF ~
/ burgh steam and, by-produet coar
Monongnlia county, w. va, . =
The purchase price Is $1,000 600
or approximately $500 an 9Sre.
This deal has been on for some time
and Id fact on several occasion the
| Information that negotiations were
under way had been mentioned IN
newspapers.
The property, extending 90
Scott run to Robinson run,
three blocks-one OF 1855 aerS
tho Monongahela railroad, the
Meeting link OF the Pittsburgh
Erie, and two on the Morgante
and Wheeling railroad Of 6,1Q4 anu AMI,
| 5,94S acres, respecttyel
There are about $500 acres or
coal that is outcropped: the Sbals
ance will require a 100-foot smart!
1t is nine-foot vein.
For many years the property haf
been in the possession OF the Coo
ran estate.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
I0DAY'S XVIII
~, Pdg. D. s. Pat. on.

Z ssserrEf sE9QEsl ". % LEhLs SA'
AnSWerS TO Yesterdays XVII.
An attorney is @ person ap-
fpOfutada as afpersonal representa-
siTe 20 ransact business anatrs; .
hut st1e word Is used generally OF
legal representatives only.
break isla breach or inter
tibtfon. or an. opening out.
ga brake is a device for retard.
Ing notion: 1t is also the name or
variety Of fern, or bracken.
Tho largest iron ore port In
the world Is the port OF Escanaba'
Gre en- Bay, Mich.
6-Pausanias was a Greek gen
artiI who won fame by defeating
4 Ehe PaFsf fans In 459 B. c.; but his
love nf power led him later TO be-
come a traitor to his country, and
.he wa finally walled up In the TEN.
pie nKsAthens and allowed to StarVe
to death.
eZApan for broiling fish or meat
Isfonld 9ffrst be heated red hot be-
/ lore the meat Is put into It; this
seals IN the Juice and retains the
GiaYoF. and nutrttive qualities.
The story of the ranches,
iTha Round OPP" was written by
John murray and NJ. NJ. Miller.
epper grass ID the Ordinary
gafden cress.
ga mystery is something I'M
sE1uwn sori incomprehensible.
s1O-The Athabaska river flows
chiefly toward the North, while the
majority OF rivers have o southSrly
New Questions.
1+-What IS o combination
" What is narwhal2
s-s@Who was Joseph Harrington
md how. did he become famous at
The BattI9gof Lexington?
4&What is a neck?
5--What Is peck?
eWho wrote 1.-THE Apaches Of
( New York.?
What Is the most valuable
esruit raised in the United States?
What are tethics? =.
99-Why is water necessary to
human ltfe2
11-What Is a teal?
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

the power and mechanical depart
ment Of the West Virginia. He has
had years OF experience and while
with The Consolidation Coal com:
pany many OF Its sub station work
was done. He came to FaiFmont
from the General Electric com.
pany in New York city. MF. Hines
Is a graduate OF Vanderbilt coll
lege, Nashville, Tenn, and is a
OF the Phi Beta Kappa,
a honorary fraternity.
8. & o. Movement
East Of Grafton the Baltimore
& Ohio railroad drew twenty-three
trains in which there were 1893
loads. OF this 730 cars were coal.
lS In Unlontown.
Lloyd Bailey, secretary Of The
Crescent Fuel company, left today
for Uniontown, Pa.
viii Make Change,
Gail FiShback, chief car distribu.
tor OF the Baltimore and Ohio rail.
road at Grafton, for a number OF
years, has resigned that position
and will become the Fairmont rep
resentatiye of the Arkwright Coal
company on September 10. For the
past eight years Mr.. Fishback has
been the chief car distributor ana
prior to that was car distributor
at Fairmont.
He has been connected with tho
B. & o. railroad for a period OF
twenty years and Is widely known
in railroad and coal circles. Be.
cause OF his wide railroad knowl.
edge Mr.. Fishback should be very
valuable man to the Arkwright COM
pany.
During yesterday government
Representatives served more sub.
penas upon coal operators anG
brewers. There have been quite q
few served and there probably will
be considerable more within tho
next few days. The coal people
will testify before the federal
grand jury at Martinsburg on Sep
TENDER 81.
Baltimore Meeting.
Arrangements are completed for
the sub-scale committee Of the
Northern West Virginia Coal Oper-
ators' Association and representa-
tiYes of the United Mine Workers
Of America, which will be held on
Tuesday at noon at the Southern
hotel, Baltimore.
Operators will leave the city for
Baltimore on Monday night. The
list of those who will attend has
not been learned as yet by the
operators association.
The United Mine Workers 0f
America will be represented by F.
G. Keeney, Charleston, president OF
district Ii: Fred Mooney, Charles
ton, secretary of district II, and
Charles Bailey, international organ
Daily Production.
Fairmont region ON Friday load
ed 934 cars OF coal and coke-90S
cars OF coal and &c cars Of coke.
Mines along the Monongah divi-
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Weiner Roast.

The young peoples class OF the
NJ. E. Sunday school entertained
it's members and a number Of
friends at a Weiner ronst at the
Locust grove near here Thursday
evening, The evening was enjoy
ably spent in playing games. Mr..
and rs. N. w. Gallien chaperoned
the crowd. Those present were
Misses Sylvia Mercer, Leota Kerns,
Olive Rees, Lou Hupp, Marjorie
Park, Bernice Martin and Irene
Tough, Messrs. James Clelland,
Richard Hagerty, Harold Fleming,
Hall qaillien, Robert Richardson,
Bill Worley, James GRlllen, Dlcky
Martin, Lawrence and Delbert
Kerns.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Officers Elected
By Teachers Asso.

Before the conclusion OF tho
teachers institute yesterday the
city and county teachers associa.
tions held annual elections with
the following results:
County teachers-President Ho-
mer @. Toothman, Fairmont; vice
president, Margaret Mockler, Man.
nington; secretaryttreasurer, w,
A. Hustead, Fairmont.
City teachers = President, Miss
Bertha ptlgard. East side h 1g1l
laspie, Fairmont high school; SEQ.
;retarytfeasurer, Prof. w. A. Illus.
teadi East Side high school.
Miss Jane Montgomery has ra-,
turned from New York where She
PURCHASED stock for the Hartley
department storeS
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Aid Meets.

The Ladies' Aid of the NJ. E.
church South held their monthly
social and business meeting at the
home Of Mrs. Ellis Cooper Thurs
day afteronon. After short bust
ness session the afternoon was
spent in piecing quilt. Elegant
refreshments were served by the
hostess assisted by her daughter,
Mrs. Nell Hess. The next meeting
will be held at the home of Mrs.
A. G. EdInger, Thursday, Scptem-
Der 10.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Grant Town the latter part Of this
School to Open.
~ CONDO.

Mr.. W. E. Lough. janitor at the
High school, has the building in
first class condition for the open
ing of the 1920-1921 term. Dur
ing the summer months the floors
have been oiled and other work
done that was needed to put thu
building in Al condition. The
High school faculty has assembled
here ready for the opening. A rec
ord enrolment is expected.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
EAST SIDE
-:-NEWS-:-


Everything ts in readiness LoE
the opening Of the East side schools
next Tuesday. All the buildings
are in excellent condition and
rooms for the primary grades have
been fitted up in the basement OF
the Palatine Baptist church.
The out of town teachers are
here in readiness for the work.
Supt. w. A. Hustead will meet the
teachers Of the graded schools and
also the high school teachers at
different hours Monday.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
I. C. G. Hears Mine
Owners Protest

WASHINGTON, Sept. A. Own
ers Of wagon coal mines protested
commission against the recent or.
der restricting use of open top cara
by such mines unless equipped with
tipDles or elevations to facilitate
loading Operators from Pennsyl-
vania, Indiana, Kentucky and 9th.
er coal producing states were pres.
emit.
The operators denied that the
loading OF cars from wagon mines
resulted In undue delay OF railroad
equipment. The commissions or.
der was characterized as discrim-
inatory and unjust.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Personals.

E, N. Downs, was business Wis
itor in Warrington Wednesday.
Mrs. Nell Hess and Marie Cooper
were shopping in Fairmont We'd
nesday.
: RS. Taggart, OF Warrington, Is
visiting her daughter, Mrs. j. NJ
Downs, here.
Miss Iva Lough and w. E.
Tough were visitors in Fairmont
Thursday.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Mr.. and Mrs. F. H. Brummage, OF
Diamond street, have returned
from VISIT to friends at Bridge
water, Nova Scotia, They also
stopped OF at several important
cities while en- route home.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Mrs. Charles Morgan and Mrs.
T. ]. Downs were in Cameron on
Thursday visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
Campbell and Mr.. and Mrs. David
A. Ward, former residents of this
place,
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
Iacoha. Bennett, MllIIams Reunion.

Jacobs, Bennett, Williams Reunion.
The Jacobs, Bennett, Williams re-
union will take place Sunday, Sep
tember 8, at the Jacobs grove near
Triune. -,
j. M. Jacobs, OF this city, will
be one Of the speakers. A male
quartet from Morgantown will fur
nish the music. Mr.. and Mrs.
Frank Kay, Of Pittsburgh, and VIII
liam Bennett, of Waynesburg, have
already arrived in Morgantown TO
attend the meeting. H, w. VII
lIams and Miss Sara A. Bennett,
Of Morgantown, and ]. Wilbur
Reeves, Of Triune. are the officers
of the association.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

The Pine Grove band gave a con-
cert hero Thursday evening at the
corner of Main and Mill steets. A
large crowd turned out to hear the
music.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Williams Is Held-Charles VIII
liams, colored, was held by United
States Commissioner J. P. Kirby
yesterday in $500 bail on a
charge Of selling morphine! A
large number OF negroes were In
terested spectators Of the proceed
ings. The federal officers are
planning to make q number Of 9TH
er arrests.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04
THn WEATHER.

Cloudy tonight
and Sunday, prob
ably showers in
south portion. Lit
tie change in tenn
perature.
Local Readings.
F. P. Hall, OBJ.
Temperature ut
(; n. m. today, 55.
Weather yester'
ay, clear; tenn
erature, maxI'
n1Yu1 al. mini
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04


Makes Address-Dr. James Cali
Tin Bt6omffeld, pastor Of the M
p Temple who Is in Plttsburgn
attending the sessions OF the Pitts
burgh conference, yesterday ao-
DRESSED the conference on his e9-
.periences in the Orient; The ad-
dress OF DR.. Broomfield was n
M sndid one and the feature OF tho
4 big siona OF the conference.
NogRollee. Court Today-For the
first time in several weeks the
CITY officers did not make a sin.
gies Arrest all day yesterday or last
n4Eiit and as a result there was a
blank session of police court be-
fore Mayor Conway this morn
Exchange Of Rings Costs $780,
z s1ppn depositing the sum of $3.50,
John Thomas, arrested on a war;
Tanf char ing him with stealing q
diamond ring from an Athens, o.,
EirlI was released In this city yes
fafdRy. q Thomas explained that
he dsInerely exchanged rings with
the girl and did not believe that
tEfe girls ring was worth as much
,ast %: Nevertheless he was
willing 10 pay the cost Of the ring
md the, other costs in the case
ginoui1ting to. $3.50 in all, in pref
syance to returning to Athens to
dgilt the case.
Iabbe Day. ct Postofffce = The
postoff flea VIII be closed all day
ffni1fi RV, IN : obaafyarca Of labor
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Back From Mountain Lake-The
wives OF City Clerk Luke Arnett
and Director OF Streets, w. e. AR.
nett have returned from q TWO
weeks trip to Mountain Lake Park.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

The Marion County w. c. 7. U.
convention will be held at Fair.
view September Z. All delegates
are expected to attend. They are
requested to take the nine o'clock
car for Fairview.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

out thsrptcture on all four
Then carefully fold dotted
sIfna a It's entire length. Then
dotted line q, and SO on. Fold each
Bectfon underneath accurately:
Wien completed lurn over and
you'll ftnd d surprising result. Save
she pictures
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Mrs. J. Il. Coleman and daugh-
ter Virginia are accompanying a
party OF friends Of August county,
on an automobile trip through the
Valley Of Virginia.
In CInrkSbmg.
Clinton Reese has been visiting
relatives IN clarlssburg this week,
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

pFud store for Grant TOWN.
branch of the Fairmont Pharmacy
lIs TO be opened soon in Grant Eown I
I'M been leased for the purpose by
4 Nfssfcsl jackson, manager OF the
iTrnont Pharmacy. Fred G. War
lren Will. he In charge OF the Grant
Town branch
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Mrs. R, A. johnson and daugh.
tiers, Misses Emma and Sarah,
will return home today from trip
to Pittsburgh.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Hayhurst, q. watson; George
Wittebort, 27, Clarksburg, and
blanche Maison Loudot, divorced,
26, Worthington: Arthur MILE,
coiored, 20, and Hattie Mae Light
sey, cofored, 81, both Of Annabelle.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

Nun 4s precipitation. no
Rivar.-l.4.5 feet, falling.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

At Grant Town. 0f
Miss Hattie Thompson 10 visit
ing Or. and Mrs. ] Q. collins ct.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1920-09-04

.Marilanot license Marriage II.
have be en- Issued by Deputy
en ayolina and Mary purcas
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1920-09-28
The DirectOire
Note in Goats

tones are being made M In i)irecfoire
style. Among the new models shown
by one French house are dark brown
and rose-coioresi cloths made in cross
between the Directoire and the mod
ern French dress,nakers Interpretation
of that period. Jne such model Is de
veioped In brow cloth with a nigh Di-
rectoire frill OF ecru batiste.
A third Interpretation of The Direc-
toire is seen III three-piece suits de-
veloped In blue serge. with heautifuI
embroideries executed in metal nail
beads of iridesccnt colors. The skirts
of these dresses have a one-side drap-
cry with slashed opening III the
side where the drapery falls. The
coat shows the cutaway front and the
long sides and back so characteristic
of the Directoire period. There is con-
siderable dignity in these suits ana
they are also of a type very becoming
10 the average American figure.
strong point in favor of the success of
the Directoire is the fact that almost
all women like the simplicity OF line
which characterizes it.
A coat with novel vest having
I)irectoire collar is worked out In a
serge. with accordion plaits
ing set on at q low hipline. This IL
Illustrates one of the methods of OBJ
tanning the iongwaisted effect that
has taken such a firm hold on all au-
tumn coats. Ii appears in suit coats
ms well as separate wraps. A Reboux
hat of the Breton sailor type Is WORD
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1920-09-28

Coats are among the first clothes
that we buy for autumn. There are
several reasons for getting these early
In the season. We can wear Them over
our summer dresses and start the sea-
son with cloth frocks left over from
spring II we have a good-looking coat.
Then. too. the fashions in coats are
settled earlier than they are In dresses
There Is not the constant changing
that there is In frocks. | do not mean,
writes Paris fashion correspondent,
that there are not great changes in
coats from one season to another. but
that the styles In coats brought out
early In the autumn carry through tile
entire winter
This falls topcoats nre In line
with the advanced style features seen
In other articles of wearing apparel.
Along with the oriental and Egyptian
notes. which are heIng strongly
featured In both current and advance
fashion models. there is appearing
another note fostered by several i'm
portant houses. This is the Direc-
toire.
Regarding the styles OF this period
there might be something in com
mon between the psychology of 1929
In France and that of the closing
years of the eighteenth century.
The style of the Directolre period
was patterned upon exaggerated
classical outline and appealed to that
new class of citizens recently come
into power and wealth through
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1920-09-28

Frances changing political condi-
tions. The Paris dressmaker today
is catering TO similar class those
who have gained wealth and influence
through the recent war.
Mngle in New Models.
Society Is not yet organized as It
was before the war. Everything goes.
as il were. In hit-or-miss style. The
Paris dressmaker, being forced to
study the state of new class of Gus
toners. vaguely caches out fol ideas
around which to build models that will
conform to this new standard in taste
In dress. Just as the Directoire was a
melange of classic and modern ideas,
so today are fashions eliminating in
mixture of orient and occident.
One of the most pronounced and
striking features. which has already
registered success in Paris. is the
high DirectOire collar Of organdle or
crepe georgette. and even of plated
cloth. This historic form of neck
dressing has been eagerly taken up
by few smart women and Its success
seems to be assured. These Directoire
collars are seen as frequently on coats
as they are on dresses. In fact, The
Directoire Is strongly emphasized in
winter wraps.
Very smart in its aspect is the tail
ored coat developed in beautiful beaver
shades of cloth, that strongly empha-
sizes the slim line of the Directoire.
Such coats also have the high-mount-
ing collar of that period. Directoire
coats were brought out in midsum-
mer developed IN bright yellow linens.
70 wear over dresses of plated white
organdie made in sem-chemise form
without vestige of trimming. Only
a narrow belt of organdie tied about
the waist broke the straightness of
their lines. These dresses we're semi
decollete and had sleeves so short that
they might almost have been said to
be sleeveless This type of costume
took so we'll that it has been copied
In heavier materials for autumn. The
coats may be of cloth, lined with heavy
silk crepe, and the dresses of the same
material as the coat lining. II is a
perfect costume for afternoon wear.
Deep Color Tones.
Very charming dresses in deep color
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1920-09-28
CLOTH FROM BARK OF TREES
Primitive Peoples. Lacking the At OF
Weaving, Have Long Made Use Of
Such Materials.

On view al the American Museum
of Natural History. New York. are
some fine specimens of hark-cloth or
"tapa" In many localities throughout
the tropics of both hemlspheres & nd.
civilizations, lacking both the knowl
edge and means of weaving, have
fashioned cloth from the inner Dark OF
certain trees. The Micronesian Poly
nesian and Milanesian islands and AT
RIGA were ell tapa making countries.
The Maoris of New Zealand. too. know
the art.
Within the last century tapa has be-
come rarity. save In Samoa, where
an excellent quality is still manufac-
tured for the sake of the tourist trade,
and In those parts of Africa to which
the textiles of higher culture uave
not yet been introduced.
7 Tapa clcth is made by scraping the
bari off certain trees, mixing he
ragged strips with a paste made Of
roots and beating II out while wet
with wooden mallets until it is like
thin cloth. which looks as If II had
been woven. Thicker cloth Is made by
FASTING two or more thicknesses to-
gether. 1t is then dyed.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1920-09-28
REQUIRES WORK OF HANDS
Machinery Found of No Avail In the
Industry of Cutting and Shap-
ing Corks.

"There are still few jobs" says
Pearson's Weekly, lin which machin-
ery has not displaced hand work. and
one of these is the cutting and shaping
of corks.
at would, of course. be simple
matter to make machinery for the
purpose. but the trouble is that cork
bsunts any kind of steel blades so rap
Idly that II simply does not pay 70 use
a machine. Spanish firm spent an
immense sum on complete outfit of
cork-cutting machinery. and In the end
was forced to 60 hack TO the old-fash-
Toned method of hand work.
Cork is. of course, the bark of the
cork oak, which grows In Spain II
comes to London in big Sheets each OF
which is 6rst roasted In burning
shed. Then they are cleaned of with
a brush and water and sent 70 the cut
ting rooms Here they come into the
hands of specialists. One cuts or