davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1920-06-11

the heavy linens are not adaptable to
these. Handkerchief linen is now so
sheer and fine that it is almost like
wolfe. The tints in both the voiles and
the linens are very delicate.
A Soft, Blue Linen.
One shade Of blut in which the
sheer handkerchief linen may be OBJ
tanned is perfectly lovely. 1t is a
soft blue tinged with red. The frock
made Of this blue linen is good exam
pie of trimming evolved from the
fabric itself. The anticipated skirt is
very short and has jabot ruffles laid In
fine plaits with an inch-wide hem hem
stitched in white thread. Frills on
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1920-06-11
Girls Party FrocI
For IInIno canea

Little girls party frocks are Of tai.
feta.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1920-06-11
The Proper place

II say Pat, did you impress that
mustard plaster on your mind%
mo, sor, on the back of me neck"
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1920-06-11

Faint heart never won fair Lady
slipper.
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1920-06-11

"I sort of don't expect them to-"
The labor world., 1920-09-25

Harris tsys that *the. unions attempt
to tell you who you can hire and who
you can discharge. They toll you that
you can't hire anyone but union
man." Now this is true only when
an employer previously enters into an
agreement with the unions covering
such a question, but if Mr.. Harris will
take the pains to read the proposed
agreement of the Meat Cutters union
over which he provoked strike, he
wilf ind that such is entirely optional
with employers. The Gasser company
for instance, was not asked to make
such agreement. 1t was merely asked
to agree to pay certain minimum,
wage for a nine'hour workday, to pay
certain extra wages for overtime, holi.
day and Sunday work, and to agree
to limit the number Of apprentices to
one for every five meat cutters. It was
left free to hire and fire whom it
pleased, with or without cause.
And that is all there is to it.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
f EMPLOYMENT Service Bill viii Be
Acted on BY Congress in December

Final passage oi the bill to estab-
l1sh national-state employment SER
vice on a permanent basis is one Of
the most important pieces Of unfin-
lshed business that will confront Con-
gress next Decmber," declares Secre-
tary John B. Andrews of the Amer
lean Association for Labor Legisla-
tion in an article in the current num-
ber of the American Labor Legisla-
tion Review"
The Nolan bill to create a national
employment bureau in the Depart
ment of Labor has received a favor
able committee report in the House
OF Representatives and although it did
not get to vote at the congressional
session ending in June. it has reached
place on the calendar. This meas
ure, while not as thorough going as
some of the earlier proposals and CALL
ing for no substantial appropriation
immediately, is nevertheless of real
merit, with good prospects of adop-
ton, according to DR.. Andrews.
Much public enlightenment" he
writes. 'has occurred since 1915, when
the Association for Labor Legisla ton
right after the tragic bread-line
crisis of 1913-14--called the first ma
The labor world., 1920-09-25
THE "AMERICAN PI.AN.'

This "American' stuff in this cam
paign for the determination of labor
unions is surely great stuff.
For instance, a strike breaker dies Of
injuries incurred in the tramway barns
in Denver last week.
On the strike'breakers payroll he was
listed as William Brown (John Smith
was probably the name of the scab
ahead of him), but in the affidavit
given the coroner as an ante-mortum
statement he gave his true name as
W. F. stoltz, age 81.
HE CAME TO THE UNITED
STATES FROM GERMANY, IN 1920,
AND HIS ONLY RELATIVES LIVE
IN BREMEN, GERMANY.
1t will be noted that the Denver
Tramway Company not only recruited
their strike-breakers from the scum of
the earth, but hired men from a country
that is at war with the United States.
Great is the "American Plan." Let IS
hear more of it's wonderful details.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
BASIC INCOME URGED
FOR EMPLOYING CLASS
II it is logical for the government

II it is logical for the government
to probe the living necessities of
workers and set a wage on this basis
why can't this system be applied to
the employing class, asks the West
ralian Worker of Australia, which de-
mands the ppointment Of a basic In
come commission to investigate the
needs of those outside the working
class that their incomes may be bas-
ed accordingly.
At the present time the interests of
the workers are ''protected" by a
basic wage commission, arbitration
and conciliation courts. wages boards
and a necessary commodities COM
mission.
Here is list of functional bodies,"
says the Westralian Worker, (which
are employed ascertaining what It
costs the worker to live, what mini
mum Casually maximum) wage shall
be paid, ascertaining what clothing he
shall wear, or what he may be per-
mitted to cat. The scale OF wage Is
thus based upon the barest necessi-
ties, and the sequel is the same old
story-with a raise in wages up go
prices, and incomes of the land. H.
nance and trading fraternity reach
out for an added percentage at each
turn.
THE day has now arrived when
the workers should apply the method
Of ascertaining what is reasonable
basic income.
Are stock exchange boodlers, land
value jugglers, interest money lend
ers and food gamblers to be regarded
as above the law: Is it for them to ar
rogate both in the matter of what
they should pay and what they should
receive?
Labor is. by every rule of logic,
entitled to demand a. basic income
commission"
The labor world., 1920-09-25
SINS AGAINST MANKIND.

Every social order develops its own
ethics. Even in the same social order
there are at least two codes Of ethics,
The exploiter has his code, the ex-
plotted his.
History shows with unmistakable
clearness that the ethics of the op-
pressed have in due course become the
dominan: ethics.
Those who have fought against
wrong, injustice and oppression have
actually been the wronged and op-
pressed
Again and again. in the history Of
the world the lower orders, so.called,
have impressed upon the world their
code Of ethics.
In the present order a new word has
been coined to express the contempt
one class feels for those who betray
its cause.
Inc expressing class has tried to glor-
1fy tho term. The president Of great
university has tried to sanctify it, but
in tho minds of millions and millions
today there can be no greater reproach
than to be called "scab.''
When a.'man robs another he Injuries
one man. When = man is drunken,
is addicted to vice, is idle and shift.
The labor world., 1920-09-25

tional conference on unemployne
which adopted a resolution reco,s h
mend1ng such a federal system as th94
contemplated in the Nolan bill. Seq
tering efforts in states and cities has3
been made to provide at least sectio
al relief. War time experience wiz
an emergency public employment seS
vice. whatever its faults Of operattos. !.
pointed the constructive way to e
fective industrial mobilization on a
tion-wide scale. The Prasident's nj
sage of May 20, 1919, gave recoxr
tion to this by urging mainteaau
upon an adequate scale CT the fedej
employment service. A conference
unemployment at Washington "a
year. with delegates representing 1
governments Of states and the Unit
States Department Of Labor unan
mously agreed upon essentia.s alon
the lines Of the pending bill''
At the recent Montreal conventio,
the American Federation of Labo
unanimously adopted L strong resoiu
ton calling upon Consress not onl,
ito enact Immediately the necessar:
legislation to establish 4 nasiora' ON
ployment service but also to proyid
1t with an ample appropriation.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
TEAMWORK.

The kind Of teamwork that Senator
Harding believes in when he proposes
to delegate the powers Of the presi-
dency to a coterie of senators is illus.
trated in the manner Of his own nom
ination. Harry Daugherty, the Ohio
political boss who managed his cam.
paign at, Chicago and before, made the
following prophecy some days before
the Republican convention at Chicago:
LAT the proper time after the Re.
publican national convention meets
some fifteen men, bleary-eyed with loss
OF sleep and perspiring profusely with
excessive heat, will sit down in seclu-
sion around big table. will be with
them and will present the name Of SEN
ator Harding to them, and before they
get through they will put him over"
That is exactly how Harding was
nominated; Mr.. Daugherty was a per-
feet prophet.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
BETTER SERVICE EXPECTED.

Despite all the absurd talk about
the demonstrated, failure Of govern
ment operation Of railroads ''--for a
great part Of which the railroads are
responsible-the railroad men of the
country know very we'll that private
ownership and operation of public rail
highways are on trial. Forty, thirty,
twenty, even ten years ago no railroads
in this country would have issued tables
of figures to convince the great buying
public that noticeably higher prices
were not justified by the higher freight
rates granted by the Interstate Com
merce Commission.
BY order Of the Commission, acting
under the new Transportation act,
freight rates have been increased about
40 per cent, passenger rates about 20
per cent, and Pullman rates so per
cent. The roads were given the in
creases they asked for. The managers
OF the roads know very we'll that the
increases not only put an additional
burden upon the public, but impose
upon tho roads a corresponding obliga-
tion. As the people arc now paying
for better service, they expect that bet:
ter service will be given. .
During the war-after we went into
it as combatants-and until now. in
response to complaints Of inadequate
service, side-tracked service, car block
ages and all the irritations of Door
service, tho people were told that "gov,
ernment operation Of the roads is r.-
sponsible." The statement was untrue.
but that made no difference. The peo.
pie are entertained and placated hv
many fairy tales. Patient and long
suffering, they have granted a new trial
to private ownership and operation.
Aid what if private ownership and
operation be found wanting once moro
Why, the reactionaries and the priests
Of privilege will put out another edition
Of fairy tales. But will they get awav
with it,
The labor world., 1920-09-25

less, he injurss himself more than IN.
other.
But tho "scab' sins against man
kind.
A group Of men come together mu.
tually plsdged to support ono another.
They arc struggling against great ob'
stacles for better conditions Of life for
themselves and their families. BY sac
rifice, by payment Of dues, by tho slow
and arduous work Of organizing they
raise to decency and self-respect the
| mass Of the workers.
Their struggle is as vital to the prog
/; ress of humanity as any battle that was
! ever fought OF decided an issue more
important
What they seek for themselves they
| seek for mankind, and no creature is
so poor and helpless as to be outside
the horizon of their efforts.
In the midst Of their conflict men
suffering the same evils and oppression
they suffer go over to aid and comfort
the oppressors.
Playing the part Of Judas, they be.
tray to the executioner those who are
their own.
The "scab' is not only condemned
by his fellow workers, but he is also
pushed aside and scorned as soon as
the conflict is over by those to whom
he sells himself.
He is used when it serves his master
to use him. Even though he succeeded
in breaking the union of his fellows
in humiliating his comrades and in
helping to fasten upon them again,
and himself as well, the yoke of slav-
cry, the oppressor has no thought to
give him thanks.
The "scab' is like piece of waste
useful to wipe away a nuisance and
then to wash ones hands Of.
AS workingman the "scab' bene.
fits with other workingmen by the con-
quests of unionism. When wages are
raised; hours shortened, machines
guarded, factories made sanitary, mines
made safe, he also benefits. But the
benefit comes to him as pennies to
sneak thief.
Fortunately few workingmen today
are content to be "scabs.' For that
reason detectives, ex-convicts and other
desperate characters must be employed
to recruit strike.breakers. Out Of the
slum, dive and lodging house they Sc.
lect penniless desperadoes to ship about
the country to serve as "scabs.''
To the thoughtful this is, perhaps,
the most hopeful sign in the struggle
of the workers. It shows that self
respecting working men are unwilling
to desert their comrades in battle to
serve the enemy.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
LISTEN. @. WAIIEN.

Because President Thomas E. Mitten,
Of tho Philadelphia Rapid Transit CON-
psny, has kept his word to and dealt
fairly with the thousands Of employees
Of that company for ten years-eve-
since he became president Of the cor,
poration-the 1900 employees have re-
Gently unanimously pledged their conf
dence in President Mitten, and told
him that until the company . revenues
increase to the amount he deems neces,
sary, he need not pay them the higher
wages that became effective lately.
That is part of what is said by
Harry A. Mackey, chairman of the
Workmen's Compensation Board Of
Philadelphia, in a recent article. The
higher wages that became effective re-.
! Gently, says Mackey, represent an in.
crease in wages of $9,25o,oo0 4 year,
and tho unique action Of the employees
is said to have relieved very serious
strain on the finances Of the corpora
tion.
When Mitten went to Philadelphia
from Chicago, ten years ago, he found
big transit system lacking in cash
and in the confidence Of the public and
its employees. After ten years Of deal.
ing fairly with the employees, says
Mackey, Of keeping all promises and
talking frankly and always in 4 friend.
ly spirit with the employees, it seems
that President Mitten has obtained re-
suits.
One policy of the Philadelphia cor.
poration, that Of permitting any en-
ployee to belong to any organization
"without let or hindrance,' will doubt
less seem queer to some public service
corporations outside of Philadelphia.
The Philadelphia plan Of collective bar
gaining provides an uncontrolled elec-
ton of representatives Of the wage
workers to discuss and determine, with
direct representatives Of the employer,
every matter of interest to wage work
ers in their relation to the employer.
Had Herbert Warren, manager Of the
Duluth Street Railway company, been
as far-sighted and as considerate Of the
welfare and freedom Of his employees
as Mr.. Mitten' of Philadelphia he and
his fellow officials would be free from
a lot Of worry and grief just now. It
is not too late to clip a page out Of
the book Of the Philadelphia Rapid
Transit company under it's humane pres
ident. Will Mr.. Harris Of the local
Citizens Alliance also take notices Is
recent industrial history Of any value
to theme
The labor world., 1920-09-25
LABOR WILL NOT YIELD
ANY Of THESE POINTS
The individual bargain, or individ-
ual contract between employers and
men means that the conditions Of the

The individual bargain, or individ-
ual contract between employers and
men means that the conditions Of the
worst and LATEST man in the indus
try will be that which the best man.
must accept. From first to last, from
beginning to end, c.lways and every.r<
where, trade unionism stands unal-,r
terably oppo-ed to the individual comm
tract. There can be no concession
or yielding on this point.
No momentary advantage, however
great or however ardently desired. 1.u
advantage in wages, no reduction in
hours no betterment in conditions,
will permanently compensate work.
lngmen ever for a temporary surren-
der In any part Of this fundamental
principle. 1t Is this principle-the ab-
solute and complete prohibition tI
contracts between employers and IT, III
d1vidual men, upon which trad III
unionism is founded. 81
There can be no permanent prosft
perity to the working classes, no rea;
and lasting progress, no consecutive
Improvement in conditions, until the |
principle is fully established, that ir |
industrial life. especially in enter.
prises on a large scale. the settle.
ment Of wages, hours Of labor, ane
all conditions of work, must be made |
between employers and workinsper
collectively and not between employ
ers and workingmen individuality
John Mitchell in 1903.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
MANY LABOR DISPUTES
DUE TO IMMIGRATION

immigration at the present time is
responsible for many Of the labor
troubles and industrial disputes with
which the world is struggling today
Immigration is very closely allied
with problems Of labor. wages pro-
duction. and certain standards of liv.
ing, which We Americans have laio
down as vital TO the man and woman
who would become one hundred pre-
cent Americans.
Right now the immigrants are do
ing our hard and dirty work. They
are in our mines and factories. They
are obliged to start at the bottom OIL
our civilization, while the Older
groups mount toward the top. The
groups that a generation ago did oul|
manual labor are seeking more deli.
cate occupations. But one of the great
American characteristics is our ten.i
dency to climb upward, and whetheIj
these newcomers are to be 4 part OF
this upward movement depends
v:howould become one hundred pe,
Cessors.
The menace to our country ccnet
as much from ourselves in the exam.
pies we set them, and in the le4der.-
We provide for them, as it does from.
them. Those who control our public
life, and the grinding and greedy con-
ditions Of labor into which We thrust
them, are the predominating influ.
ences with which they are sur.
rounded.
It therefore belongs to us to pro.
vide for those who come to our shore
totally ignorant Of our past history
our government and our ideals, lead.
ers who truly represent the highes'
st u rds Of 0llr m arica., liza
The labor world., 1920-09-25
FACTS. AGAINST ROADS.

Propagandists for the private railroad
interests attempt to place upon federal
control responsibility for tho demoral.
ization Of traffic that was ,coincident
with the return Of the roads to private
management.
They iterate and reiterate that the
government did not secure full results
from operation, but they carefully
avoided giving facts or figures to sup
port their statements.
The facts are al against private
ownership and in favor Of government
ownership. Federal operation was not
only more efficient and economical, but
it progressively: improved from month
to month. ,,s:4j. ~"
In January, 1920, the roads moved
.1s.s per cont more ton.p,iles than in
January, 1919; ae.l more than il Jaau.
The labor world., 1920-09-25
GOVERNMENT BY INJUNCTION

senator Harding proposes that The
Hague Tribunal be made the reflective
instrument of enduring peace" by
'putting teeth into it and making its
DEGREES enforceable.
That the International Court of ,Jus-
tice provided for in the Versailles
Peace Treaty and the League of Ma.
,tions will be a great instrument for
international right and justice is not
doubted by any one. But it will be a
court, court only, functioning under
and as one department of the League
of Nations.
What Senator Harding proposes is
to make the court the governing body,
the supreme if not the sole controlling
department of the organization.
This means super government by in
junction. Courts have only one method
OF governing, and that is by injunction,
mandatory or prohibitive. It would
oe a court, not a council, with power
to call upon the leagued nations to
enforce its DEGREES. It would have the
power to enjoin the United States from
action in Mexico to protect our cit;-
zens, and it might decree that the legal
title to some Of our border territory
is in Mexico and we must restore it.
The idea Of empowering a body of
lawyers to decide what the United
States and the other members of the
League should do, with power to en-.
force its DEGREES, will not find favor
In America. It is government by in
junction magnifed, =.
Statesmen drawn from various ranks
OF the body polite, representing many
classes, may have their faults and NAV
make their errors, but even though they
oe politicians they are wiser guides and
safer rulers than body of lawyers.
however eminent. And their decisions
while probably not so exactly logical
and technically accurate, would come
nearer American ideas Of Justice and
night and duty than those of a purely
legal body.
The fundamental American idea of
courts is that they are constituted and
organized to decide questions of law.
not governmental questions.
Courts are governed by precedents,
Germany could have given many pre,e-
dents for her invasion of Beloium
Courts administer the law; League Of
Nations must administer justice, even
if it involves violation of precedent
and violation Of all technical rules.
God save the world from government
by injunction! We have had enouph
of it in the United States, to which
the workers can testify.
Reduced to the final analysis. the
Republicans simply are trying to force
the American people to take a Repub.
l1can substitute for the League of Ma
tions-the League Of Nations which wa,
an American idea, carrying out Amer:
lean principles and ideals, whose tor.
lnation nation was participated in BY Amerie,
The labor world., 1920-09-25

asy, 1o1s, and: 7.s per cent moro than
in Janussy, 1917.
In February; 1920, tho number Of
revenue cars loaded was 14.27 per cent
greater than in February, 1919, and 10
per cent greater than in February, 1918.
The public may have forgotten the
results gained under federal control,
but records are available that speak
for themselves.
The labor world., 1920-09-25

It the Citizens Alliance had attended
to its own business and kept out Of
the workers. business there would now
be under construction in this city a
magnificent theater on the site Of the
St. Louis hotel and at least four large
buildings for which architects had pre-
pared the plans. Instead building me-
chanics are idle, business is suffering
for want of trade and no one is happy
save the Fat Boy members Of the inter-
locking directorate.
The labor world., 1920-09-25

If there arc 100000 union labor
men in the United States, Mr.. Harris,
would that not put at least 25,oo000o
Of our people in the union folde So
instead OF organized labor representing
but five per cent Of the population it
actually represents 25 per cent. What
proportion of the people pray are mem
bers Of the anti-union organizations Of
employers Let the majority live by
all means.
The labor world., 1920-09-25

"The only way to get rid of your
labor troubles, to be free from strikes
and the threat of strikes, and get con-
troll Of your business, so as to put it
on safe and prosperous basis, is to
join the Citizens Alliance and make
Duluth an open shop town." says Mr..
Harris. And to do the job right Mr..
Harris should advise Strike Leader Her.
bert Warren, manager Of the Duluth
Street Railway company, to join real
labor union and get into the game on
the level.