The Oakley herald. [volume] (Oakley, Idaho) 1908-1961, 1920-01-09
Foreign Affairs.


While the treaty was being negoti-
ated conditions remained very I'M
settled not only in the territory which
had been included in the four defeated
nations but throughout Europe. Rus,
STA continued in a state Of turmoil
throughout the year. Although the
bolshevist government under the direc-
ton of Lenin and Trotzky maintained
its control over large part OF the
former empire 1t was hemmed In on
all sides by opposing groups which
attacked 1t with varying success. The
newly constituted nation Of Poland
was beset for time on all sides, but
1t, too, succeeded in weathering the
storm and had established a stable
| government before many months had
| passed.
Failure to reach settlement of the
Fiume question continually threatened
an armed conflict between the Italians
and the new Jugo-Slav state Serious
conditions existed In Hungary both be-
cause Of internal disorders and be-
cause of clashes with Roumania and
with the new Czech government
In Germany split among the Ger
man socialist leaders resulted on Janu-
| airy In serious street fighting The
government was seriously threatened,
but on January 8 its troops in Berlin
were REINFORCED and regained control
of the situation. On January 10 DIR.
| Carl Liebknecht, leader of the Spar
tacans, or antigovernment faction, was
killed while attempting to escape after
arrest in Berlin. His companion. Rosa
Luxembourg, long known as a radical
leader both in Germany and Russia,
was killed by mob. Disorders in
Germany were suppressed and on jan
uary 10 the people elected a national
assembly, the majority socialists led
by Chancellor Ebert retaining control.
The assembly met a Weimar on Janu-
airy 6 and on February II elected
Chancellor Ebert as first president of
the German republic, after adopting q
provisional constitution. In Poland
opposing factions reached an agree
ment on January II whereby Ignace
Jan Paderewski became premier, with
General Pilsudski as foreign minister
and NJ. Demoski as president.
Opposition to japanese control had
been developing rapidly in Korea and
on March u Korean nationalists Is
sued declaration of independence
declaring themselves ready to fight to
the last drop of blood" Serious disor.
ders also were reported in Egypt In
support of the nationalist demand for
autonomy and on March % the Brit
ish secretary for war. Mr.. Churchill
admitted that the whole Of Egypt was
virtually in state Of insurrection.
On March IS new Germano-Austriar
government was established at Vienna
with Doctor Renner as chancellor
Count Karolyi had been made presi.
dent OF the new Hungarian republic on
January II, but on March % he was
forced TO resign and there was consti.
tuted new government which pro
claimed dictatorship of the prole
tarlat and an alliance with the Rus
sian soviet government.
A ministerial crisis arose in Italy as
a result of the governments policy In
connection with the peace conference
AS result the ministry of Premier
Orlando was Unexpectedly over
thrown on June 10 and two days later
Francesca Nltti, former minister OF
finance, became premier of Italy. Al
the same time the German cabinet re
signed because of the determination OF
Chancellor Scheidemann not to recog
nize the peace terms offered by ths
allies. Gustav Adolph Bauer former
minister of labor. was appointed chan
cellor by President Ebert and formed
a new cabinet. A clash between tho
new German government and the allies
was threatened on June p when tn,
German fleet which had been inferno,
in British waters under the arnistic'
was scuttled by German crews. tgent,
battleships and cruisers being sunk.
On August Bella Kun who fer fou
or five months had been dicraf 7
hungary, was compelled To retire whei