Arizona republican., 1920-02-18
DRAWING ks 2

scrihed on the south side, from which
 ground water is being forced upwsro- The source of water which IS ooins damage to the lands is believed to De on ion of the more or less impervious clay strata Deep drains are copsia- cred the most effective means TOT the relief of this area
 The Salt river area lies generally. oe- tween the river and the Salt csthai l. In the western part of the pro1ece, hnwayer if extends some distance north of the canal. The high ground water condition is due largely 10 un-
 dere-round percolation of water rom the higher areas to the north. Draih
 age can be best accomplished ps III
 tercepting this underground flow or
 nercoIation. This can be accomplished ma rtIv bv operating the line or pumps along the Salt canal. It IS deemed necessary, though, to reclaim ana pro- feet all of the lands, to construct deep drain parallel to the rfer through the lower portion of the area
 Tbis nortiop of the land is underlaid bv porous sands and gravels at depths that will permit their being tapped oy a deep drain. Portions or the ianos in this area have been seeped for con siderable time. and large quantlties of harmful alkali salts have accumu lated as a result Tne constr ~ uctioi oi a deen drain will provide the most CT fective means for teaching out these salts and carrying them off the lands.
 The New river area extends rom two to three miles eastward rom the river with d total length north ana south of about seven miles Like lhe Salt river area, high ground water condition is due largely to the under ground water percolation from higher lands to the north and east. The SOILS are underlaid by porous water bearing sravels more or less broken by strata of clay and caliche. Wells Tn this area generally give fairly good yieid of water. and a general lowering of ground water unquestionably can be effected by pumping. There is, how ever, one low depression across the area through which a drain should De constructed in order to take care of local accumulations of shallow sur face water and insure full protection to the soils.
 The Arizona and Grand canal area extends from near the Arizona Fails Power House westward to Nineteenth avenue distance of about eight miles. Its width north and south is roughly from one to two miles. A portion of this area, lying almost due north of Phoenix is new being improved by pumping from the four wells on Cam elback road and Central avenue The results of this pumping have already been given The complete reclamation
 
 area can undoubtedly be accomplished by sufficient pumping upon it to lower and hold the ground water well below the surface. Whether additional wells will be necessary to accomplish this cannot be answered definitely until the pumps have been operated for a longer period of time. Additional pumps are necessary for lowering the ground water westward from Seventh avenue and eastward from Park road to the power house. This latter sec ton presents. perhaps, the most diff ficult drainage problem on the project. For economic and efficient results it is deemed necessary that careful ob- servations and studies be carried on 1 as work progresses. The formation down to considerable depths is princ.- pally of caliche, clay and mountain 1 wash. none of which are good water l bearing materials There are.- how | ever. many evidences of thin strata of | sand and gravel, and seams between | different formations, through which | water appears to move rather freely, | but in small quantities. The source of | supply which causes q filling up of | the soils appears to exist largely ln | these strata. it is forced upward by l