The pioneer-review. [volume] (Philip, Haakon County, S.D.) 1920-current, 1920-10-07
'ortanate results in agriculture, grow

ing out of war conditions, especially
the premiurn put on grain growing al
the expense Of livestock production.
He referred to the heavy losses suffer.
ed by many livestock producers and
feeders, and pointed out the urgent
need OF restoring the balance between
livestock and grain production as
quickly as possible. On this subJect
he said:
s.For two outstanding reasons the
maintenance of normal balance be
tween livestock and grain production
is a matter of national concern. One
Is that we are a meat-eating people,
and should have fairly uniform sup
ply at q reasonable price. Conditions
which either greatly stimulate or
greatly discourage livestock produc-
tion result In prices altogether too hign
for the average consuming public or
altogether too low for the producer
The other Is that the 0ver-stimulation
of grain production depletes the fer
tiiity Of our land, which Is our great
est national asset, and results In
greater supply than can be consumed
at price profitable 70 the producer,
and finally to widespread agricultural
distress from which all of our people
suffer-"
Speaking OF the trend of prices of
farm products during the next two or
three years, he said that no one could
forecast them with any accuracy. That
as a nation we are undergoing fhe
same experience that the individual
undergoes when recovering from
long and dangerous Illness And then
he made this significant statement:
at must he evident, however, TO any
one who has given the matter even
sut,erficial consideration, that we have
now come to the end of the long period
of agricultural exploitation In the
United States No longer are there
great and easy and awaiting areas OF
fertile land awaiting the land hungry.
We have now under the pillow prac-
tically all Of our easily-tiilable land.
though idle areas await reclamation
and development by that genius and
determination which ever have made
nature respond 70 human needs. Adj
iitions of consequence, which we may
make to our farming area. from this
time on, must come by putting water
on the dry lands of the arid and semi.
arid country, or by taking water off OF
the swamp lands. of which we have
large areas I'm some sections. or by dig
ging the .stumps out of the cut-ovet
timber lands Of the north and south.
Other Alternative an Unhappy One.
"If we should unhappily choose the
course Of industrial and commercial
promotion at the expense OF agricul-
ture, cities will continue to grow at the
expense of the rural community, ag-
rienltnre will inevitably break down
and finally destroy the finest rural
civilization. with the greatest possibiii-
ties the world has ever seen. Decreased
farm production will make dear food
and we shall be obliged to send our
ships 10 far-away nations In search Of
cheap foodstuffs, the importation Of
which is sure TO intensity agricultural
dis.ouragement and distress al home.
"If, on the other hand. we shall de
termine to build up here seif-sus-
tanning nation--and what lover of his
country tan make a different ch0ices
then we must al once set aboui the
development OF 4 ryss-rn Of agriculture
which will enable MS to feed anr peo.
pie ahundantly. with some spare for
export in years of plenty. and at prices
which will insure to the farmer and
his family both financial rewards and
ing conditions fairly comparable to
those offered by the cities. A sound
system of agriculture car not be main
tained on any other basis. Anything
short of fair return upon invest ed
capital and fair wage for the labor
which goes into the crops, and enough
In addition to enable the farmer 10
maintain the fertility Of his soil, and
insure against natural hazards will
drive large numbers of farmers TO the
cities"
Senator Harding made II perfectly
clear that this Is problem Ia which
city people have just as much interest
as the farmer. That unless we can
work out a rational and fair agricul-
tural policy, the drift to the city will
continue and our trouble will grow
constantly worse.
Speaking Of farm organizations he
said the farm organization or the pres
ent day is quite different from the or.
ganization Of the past; that farmers
have learned sound principles OF or
ganization: that they are adapting to
| their work the methods which bust
ness men and working men have found
successful In furthering their own In.
terests. He referred especially to the
successful organizations established by
the fruit growers Of the west and by
the grain growers of the northwest, and
said the farmers Of the corn belt
states are also rapidly perfecting the
most powerful organization OF farm
ers ever known In the country. He
pointed out very frankly the danger
that would come TO the nation II the
problems Of the farmer were not
frankly recognized, and II the farmer
was not given absolutely fair treat
ment.
He said we have witnessed restrict
ed production OF manufactures and oi
| labor, but we have not yet experienced
| the Intentionally restricted production
Of foodstuffs, and expressed the hope
that we never may have that expert
ence
While frankly recognizing the need
OF national agricultural policy. HI
disclaimed any intention Of suggesting
| that the government should work 0Ul
an elaborate system Of agriculture an6