The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1920-07-08
BY JAMES p. HoRNApAY.

observation-disclosures Ous Snith'
director of the United States geolog-
ical survey, says that some restriction
In gasoline consumption will have TO
he Imposed. Facts Of consumption,
he points out, are not easily deter
mined. Where the oil comes from
Is a matter set forth each month In
the geological survey reports; where
II goes Is largely matter OF conJec-
ture. The automobile engine, Director
Smith points out, has the greatest
thirst. Industry's need of oil has be-
come large within the last few years.
According to the director the day Is
at hand when every demand for oil
cannot be met, and that raises the
question as TO which demand is to be
given priority.
In sounding the warning again-t
reckless use of oil and gasoline, d.
rector Smith points out that the fuel
reserves of a nation are no less es-
sentlal to its future Industrial well
fare than the gold reserves are es-
sental to its present financial stabili-
ty. Once lowered the reserves of coal
and oil In the ground can never be
replenished The official estimate Of
less than 7,000.OOOOO0 barrels of oil
as the quantity remaining available
In the ground In ne United States
Is believed by the director to be lib
eral; but he points out that even II
this estimate is inflated 25 per cent
hn In t1I L. ha
far from ample when one realizes that
there will be a consumption of about
half billion barrels of crude oil
this year.
Oil and Coal Supply.
An estimate of the petroleum re-
sources of the world has just been
published by the geological survey,
which figures 6O,OO0OOO,OOO barrels
for the whole world. In this con-
nection, It is pointed out, that there
is used in the United States fully half
of the worlds annual production of
petroleum. The lack of national self
sufficiency In oil reserves Is expressed
in another way by the survey. The
international position of the United
States with respect to oil is contrast
ed with its position with respect 20
coal. In the last ten years the 1000
coal mines in this country contributed
Al per cent of the worlds output of
coal. The present estimates credit
the United States with more than one
half of the worlds coal reserves. So
that when one thinks I'm world terms,
the tonnage of coal produced by this
country each year represents less than
the national share. With respect to
petroleum, In the same ten years the
1000 oil wells In the United States
have poured forth more than 81 per
cent Of the worlds output. although
II is now believed that the United
States possesses only about II per
cent of the oil left in the world for
its future use.
Some progress toward providing
substitutes for petroleum products is
being made. The geological survey
says that the recovery of alcohol from
coke ovens should be undertaken. The
United States as the worlds greatest
consumer Of coal has not fairly be-
gun by-product recovery. The direct
or believes that the higher cost
OF coal, together with the increased
demand for by-products, must result
In more by-products being produced
The International Red Cross league
will proceed to carry out its plan
regardless of what becomes of
the League of Nations. Every civ
ilized nation will be represented in
the new Red Cross organization If the
plans recently worked out at a confer
ence held at Geneva, Switzerland, do
not miscarry. The objects of the inter-
national league are set forth as fol-
lows:
81. To encourage and promote In ev-
cry country In the world the establish
ment and development OF a duly au-
thorized voluntary national Red Cross
organization, having as purpose the
mitigation OF suffering throughout the
world, and TO secure the cooperation
Of such organizations for these pur-
poses.
'2. To promote the welfare Of man.
kind by furnishing a medium for bring
ing within the reach Of all the peoples
the benefits TO be derived from pres
ent known facts. and new contribu-
lions TO science and medical knowl-
edge and their application.
80. To furnish medium for co-or-
dlnating relief work In case OF great
national or international calamities."
The general council Of the League OF
Red Cross Societies has decided TO 90
before the world with the following
suggestions for every national Red
Cross society:
Peaee-Tlme Program.
81. That widespread and popular
membership IN a national Red Cross
society is the necessary condition of
success In its peace-time program.
40. That a national Red Cross socl-
ciety should endeayor TO cover the ex-
penses OF administration and Of Its
normal activities by membership dues