The Washington times., 1920-11-07

in the presence of the same detec. &
tives by Mr.. Frost. photographers. T.
O. show you a small print,
marked B1, a photograph, marked
BIZ, and an enlargement marked B3:
can YOU explain what they are, or what
they represent?
A. B1 Is an impression Of the left thumb
of the defendant made by means Of
printers ink. upon a white piece Of paper,
in my presence and in the presence Of
Detectives Brown, Jones and Smith. Tho
exhibit BE- Is photograph Of this thumb
print, made by me in the presence Of these
same detectives, and B3 is an enlargement
by Mr.. Frost. photographer, made in my
presence. and in the presence Of the same
detectives.
BY Prosecutor: ..
If the Court pleases, I desire to offer
these exhibits in evidence.
@. Will you explain your reason for
Photographic these impressions. why they
were enlarged and what they represent?
A. I made the photographs Of tho i'm
pressions because they exactly reproduced
the ridges upon the inner surface Of the
first joint of human thumb, one made in
blood on a piece Of linen, and the other
made in ink upon piece Of white paper
had the engagements made so that the
lines could be readily and plainly seen
without the use of a magnifying glass.
@. What do these prints show that they
were made by one or more persons?
A. They show that the prints are identi.
cal, and were made by the same thumb Of
the same person.
Q. Just explain what you mean by finger
prints, how you reached the conclusion
that both prints were identical, and that
they were made by the same person at
different times.
A. The finger print expert has only facts
to consider; he reports simply what he
finds The lines of Identification are either
there or they are absent. II two prints are
Identical In every particular, they were
made by the same person. II they are
different, they were not made by the same
person.
No matter how many finger print experts
may BIO engaged in the labor Of comparing
two prints, their verdict must be the same.
Our system Of Identification is dependent
upon the ridges or hair-like lines that
appear upon the under surface of the first
joint Of fingers and thumbs, and the forms
or patterns that the combined ridges as
sumo. We have names for these patterns
such as ulnar, radial, inner and outer
loops, inner, outer and meeting whorls,
arches, tented arches, central pocket loops
lateral pocket loops, twinned loops and
accidentals.
We have also q method Of classification
by which numerical values are given to
combinations Of the patterns appearing
upon the fingers and thumbs of both hands
BY looking at the under surface Of your
finger tips you can, no doubt, see these
little lines. and that they do twist and turn
so as to make pattern or design. These
little ridges, as their name indicates, are
raised above the surrounding flesh, and
when covered with natural oily secretion,
blood, ink or other liquid or semiliQuid
substance these ridges will be reproduced
upon the object or surface with which they
are brought into contact. These patterns
In combination with the characteristics to
be found In every print, as in two prints
made by different persons, never duplicate.
Will now take up the two prints before
us and viii point out for your benefit the
characteristics that are identical.
This pattern Ia OF the Ulnar loop type