davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1920-12-19
FARMERS EXPECTED TO BENEFIT
BY CRACK IN THE SHERMAN LAW

cost the consumer 50. Purchasers might be
inclined to the belief that the ratio of differ
ence has increased since his time. It was said
in the Senate the other day that sheep were
selling in the Kansas City market, netting the
sheep raiser $132, while it cost him $12 to raise
the animal Has anybody noticed any reduction
in mutton lately? People in the east are paying
10 cents apiece for Oregon apples. while the
biggest apple crop ever known in New York,
Pennsylvania and Virginia lies rotting on the
ground, for large part.
No one in Congress has questioned the
deniable fact that the agricultural industry from
coast to coast and from cranberries to cotton
is in a bad way; nor has voice been lifted in
Congress in objection to granting legislative re-
lief asked by farmers Doubt has \been ex-
pressed whether relief can be effected through
legislation. and whether it will be possible for
other than natural law to remedy things but
Congress is willing to try the experiment of
legislation and give the farmers almost any
thing they ask.
The farmers know that something is wrong
with things and they appeal to Uncle Sam for
remedy. The consumers. realizing the wide gap
between what the farmers get and what they
have to pay, know full well that something is
wrong, too. The farmers think they can better
conditions for themselves by free-hand organi-
zation. and offer something to the consumers
also.
Just little case in point the suggestion
that you sometimes can't always tell' what
legislation is going to do. When the prohibi-
ton amendment was ratified the California
grape growers foresaw certain bankruptcy; their
grapes were going to be unstable. The follow
ing from colloQuy in the House Of Repre-
sentatives no longer back than last Wednesday,
between gentleman from Ohio and gentle
man from California:
What is the price Of wine grapes per ton in
California now?"
We'll. they over hundred dollars a
ton this fall"
What was tho price a year and a half
ago."
"a year and a half ago 1t was not nearly
20 much as that. Approximately SIS or $50
q ton"
"And now the price of wine grapes is $3.50
a ton"
but some Of these grapes are being dried,
and" end quote
Aha! did somebody say raisins. homebrew7
even the Constitution of the books?
From grapes to gunboats is far cry, but
the latter are looming large in the ofing of pub
lie interest and bearing down at full speed
ahead. Congress must shortly decide whether
to continue the naval program OF building which
was entered upon in 1915 and bids fair to give
the United States domination of the in
military sense. -
The outgoing administration. under whose
auspices the program was commenced and car
Evening star., 1920-12-19
Two Million Dollars Capital
for South Dakota Cooperation

saving each year In the cost Of goods
purchased at the stores < :.
Those pushing the movement assert
that In duo time practically every adty
and town in South Dakota .wfll have
ono Of these cooperative stores AMI
lated with the centralized purchasing
agency, az the organization Of farmers'
unions Is being pushed in an parts Of
South Dakota, and when union II or
ganized and the membership reaches .
certain number It IL possible to estab-
lsh a cooperative store
Az fast az these additional unions ara
organized and cooperative stores es-
tabIished. It Is expected by the origin
ators Of the centralized purchasing
agency plan idea, the new stores
win become adilated with the purchas-
ing agency.
The leading farmers who arc behind
the movement state that this is one of
the most ambitious plans yet formulated
by farmers in any part Of the United
States. but that. nevertheless, they ex-
pect to make a great success of the
project. The business Of the centralized
agency will run into the millions during
the first year. and is expected to in
crease each year thereafter.
Evening star., 1920-12-19
Corridor Of States to Inclose
New York City's Victory Hall

which VIVA have a capacity Of 10000
for conventions, musicals and the like,
and a capacity of 5000 for athletic
games and pageants. will be inscribed
in bronze the names Of the $500 SOL
diers, sailors and marines, war work.
ers and nurses of the metropolis who
gave their lives in service in the
world conflict. s-
It will be for each state to deter
mine the form Of its own memorial in
its individual alcove in the corridor
Of states.
Invitations are now being seat to
the various state societies with head
quarters in New York. city to CO.
operate with the directors Of the VIC
tory Han Association in planning ap-
propriate state> memorials and In
helping to make the great monument
to the war dead a really national CEN
ter Of patriotism and Americanixa-
ton -
A committee Of the Victory Hall As
sociation came to Washington last
month and formally sought the ap-
VtONAA Oh SECRETARY OI wa 61keS OF
o plan 60 give national interment 20
the body Of an unknown soldier in
Victory Hall. !-.--. -
Secretary Baker withheld his ap-
proval on the ground that the govern.
ment had assured the families OF cur
dead that 1t would return the bodies
to them II they 50 desired. bue that
all other dead would remain. ax reSt
on the 1slds Of honor In France. 'He
said: he personally felt this was .
pledge to lesvs. the unidsntiAsa dsAA
in France. -. - ,'sss
Although taking this attitude. ssc-
retary Baker cordially agreed with
the. representations Of the committees
that Warrington. as the political cap-
ftal. and New York city. ~ the capital
Of commerce and hnance-the great.
est city and nein portal Of the conn
try-have claims which demand spe--
cial consideration In conuection with
q national interment Of the kind pro-.
posed.
The question Of the burial Of an
unknown soldier ih Victory Han may
be. brought 70 the attsntien ef Cen.
gress 1t an ~eariy date. II
Evening star., 1920-12-19

NJ ALFRED BCRKH0LOER.
opsciei oerrespondent Of The Star.
HoUx FALLS. 8. D. December H.
mo installing Of what win be one Of
The greatest farmerr co operative es-
tablishments in the United St2tes has
been decided upon by the South Dakota
Farmer1 Union. which has large
s.embership In an parts Of the state.
Tho concern wfll have . capital Of
100000.
Promise Of success for tho proposed
central purchasing agency. which is ex-
pecfed to be established early In the
now year, II contained in reports from
cooperative farmers stores throughout
tAe state. as all Of the stores which have
thus Tar held their annual meetings. and
where the plan has been presented. have
taken action toward purchasing stock In
the new eoncern.
There are seventy cooperative stores
IN South Dakota operated by organiza-
tions afiiliated with the South Dakota
Farmers' Union. The annual meetings
Of tho officers and stockholders of>these
stores viii all have been held by the
end Of January, and It is expected that
practically all of them will unite in the
new movement to establish great cen
tral purchasing agency. Present plans
aaticipate the opening Of the new con-
esrn In March Of the coming year.
Tho centralized purchasing agency
WM BE- Incorporated under the name Of
tho yarmeFS Union Wholesale Company,
with . capital Of $z.ooo.oo0. a. stated
1t - planned to purchase merchandise
n carload lots and to have it shipped to
ths plant Of the centralized purchasing
agency in Mitchell. for distribution to
the stores which become members Of the
cooperative concern The present Far
nef1 Union Exchange building In
Mitchell viii be used as . distributing
warehouse during the flrst few months
Of operation At least, but. It 10 expected,
. much larger building viii be required
la1sr to take care of the growing busi-
1sas Of the establishment.
4-5toek win be sold" said N ofacse
e ths EArmsrs Union. TO all Of tha
ep-Operadve companies In tho stats who
vfu buy through this Wholesale house.
rather than through travelling saleanen
and through other expensive means oa
distribution"
Purchasing IN the vast quantities re-
uuired for the seventy cooperative
stores which are expected to become
stoc3kholders in the new concern. 1t ID
believed by those pushing the movement
win result In a great reduction in the
price paid for goods handled BY the
stEea and, therefore. viii enable thl
stosss - ss1 at . oo1rsspondingiy iowea
S1sa IN this way ths farmers whe
are stockholders In the co-opera&ivv
stores expect to mako considerable
Evening star., 1920-12-19
WARN|NCTO ABUSERS
OF AMERICAN RIGHTS
Supreme Court Upholds Acts of
Congress Intended to Sup
press Sedition.
press Sedition.

Widespread attention is expected
to be directed to the action Of the
Supreme Court of the United States
In series of decisions last week
which maybe described In general
terms as rebuke to disloyalty to
the United States on the part of it's
citizens: unfolding the right Of Con-
gress to take measures to protect
the nation by force or arms: sustain-
ing the authority of the law to pro.
hfbit ana punish disloyal utterances
and vindfcattng the right of the au-
thorities to deport foreign-born citi-
zens who abuse the privileges Of
their adopted country.
Coming as they did in. the midst
OF earnest discussion in Congress over.
the threatened influx of reds" and
undesirable aliens, and on the eve of
proposed measures to remove the ex-
tsting restrictions to what is alleged
to be free speech" the decisions are
counted upon to have a highly salu.
tary effect and to serve as a clear
note Of warning to offenders in the
future. If another war crisis menaces
the nation.
Congressman had been watching
these cases with close attention, since
most of them had been brought un-
der the laws passed by Congress- for
the conduct of the late war. When
the laws were under consideration in
the House and Senate some dis
gruntled souls had >solemnly warned
that they would Be held unconstitu-
tional, az q protest against their
passage.
Ono Of tho sentences which win
stand, as result Of tho decision, Inn
posed sixty years' imprisonment ON
tho foreign-born citizen. who had
made an address INTENDED to incite,
provoke and encourage resistance to
the United States" Now, there Is
no appeal from this decision except
to Heaven. and the convicted man
will go "up the road. and remain
In hook unless some future Presi-
dent OF tho United tSates- should feel
himself an instrument of Heaven to
administer mercy. and pardon or
commute his sentence.
Meanwhile. Il viii stand AZ . warn
ing to other erratic men who may
feel impelled to set up tho authority
Of the individual against tho laws Of
the nation. duly enacted by the rep
reseatatives Of the people. The de-
eisions wereo acclaimed /by men in
Congress who have felt that too long
hass tho country dealt with the reds"
and their ilk too good-naturedly. ana
that It is now time to come down
with q heavy hand,
Taken by and large, last Monday
the 1sth of the month-was a bad
day for uppish men who think their
opinions Of freedom Of speech, license
Of action and right to balk IN. the
middle cf the stream ass superior to
the rules and regulations by statute
provided for such Affairs.
Evening star., 1920-12-19
TALES OF ADVENTURE
TO STIR THE BLOOD
Coast Guard Report Would Have
/ Delighted q Stevenson
80 or q Poe.

Romance finds little refuge in the
records that pile up every year In the
government departmsuts, bat among
the commonrlacs dsta5ls Of tappropria-
lions, revenues, disbursemeuts. rsorgani-
xations, eta, there, - one record that
would delight tho heart Of . Stevenson
or . Poe. and It - found under the
plain title Of "Annual Report Of do
United Sta4ea Coast Guard
The new Importance Of The AHeF3can
merchant marine adds interest 70 The
report Just made covering the guards
activities for the last fiscal year. and
tales Of heroism. rescues mexcelled for
daring and battles with storm ana tide
from the tropics to the Arctic come from
the moro than 800 life saving stations
or the cuttsrs that patrol tho harboFs
and the open $50.
Lives saved or persons rescued frnm
peril. 2.417: persons on board vessels
assisted, s.427 persons in distress cared
for. SCI; instances Of lives saved and
vessels assisted. 1.71s; instances Of mis-
ceuaneous assistance. 1.0o2." 80 reads q
mart Of the report: but the human In
terest" stories arc to be found in the
detailed but concise reports in subse-
quent pages.
There is the story Of the rescue Of
the schooner Cape Horn. on the
Texas coast, after the crew had cut
away the masts duning tho night to keep
the craft from capsizin8, and the nfe-
saving crow had fought through the
sea Tor two hours to reach her.
.x3reat seas constantly surged over the
low hulk from Windward,"' reads tho 10,
nort .,breaktng in riotous swirl aczoas
hsr lee rail and rendering approach
from any quarter . matter OF great
hazard. Ono smashing blow against the
vessel would have splintered the surf
hat and ended all possibility Of res
cna. and It would az certainly have
ended tho careers Of the coast guard
men asiweu.
"A hail from the boat directed the
seaman to stand By. Then during the
brief .intsSval1, OF comparative calm
following the breaking Of one sea over
the wreck and ths onEush Of another
tha ressusYs came with All spsed
alonssaAs, snaaahsd e6 man and r.
srsatad. This naansuveF vas repeated.
fortunateiy without acoidsnt, untn
the entire ship's company found them
selves aboard the surfboat
tho return trip Was no lsss hasard-
ous, for there were now fifteen men
In the suPfboat and It was necessary
to skirt the shore for two miles to
hnd . place whore the boat had .
chance to live In the breakers. 4
heavy canvas drag was put out b
steady the boat. but this parted as .
oritieal nomant yostune gtiu fsvoss6
the vssoussA hpwsvs9. sad huge but
kindly wevs 6uazy du1e -: s1a4s on
the bsash without in5usinG any of the
occupants"
Evening star., 1920-12-19
Plan to Place Working Boys and
Girls in Jobs to Which
They Are Suited.

sters came to the offices expecting
to change their positions. but were
advised not to do 30.
~ \ n
The magnitude of the problem
of dealing with the boys and girls
who are to go out into the world
and who have already made their
entry as workers. in cold figures
Of tho Last census. which means In
this case the census Of 1910. can be
readily grasped. Tho Junior d.
vision deals with the boys and
girls from fourteen years Of age to
twenty-one. The total number Of
boys and girls Of those ages was
12.76s.a47: boys. s.3s2,62s. and
girls. 6.4o3.71s.
Take the boys and girls fourteen
and fifteen years OF age. There
were 3.569,347. and out Of the lot
1,094,249 were employed. In re-
cent years the country has given
much attention to child labor laws.
The states in many instances have
enacted such laws. The federal
Congress put through such a law.
: but the Supreme Court Of the
United States held It unconstitu-
tional, and efforts are now being
made to correct the evil through
the power of taxing goods made !
by child labor in interstate COM
the boys and, girls entering en-
ployment into the Jobs best suit
ed to them and to see that they
still continue to study, at least,
some Of the time. as federal
proposition. 10 comparatively new.
It 10 rather surprising to learn
thst not over 50 per cont Of the
young wage earners Of the country
are in industry because Of econ
omic pressure-for the support Of
themselves and their families. It
also comes as something Of q
shock to learn that 50 per cent Of
tho pupils who leave school each
year are. from the academic point
of view. branded aa failures" /"
Mrs. Reed. in volume. Junior
Wage Earners." just published and
dealing most interestingly with
their problems, says in this con-
nection:
'The waste product OF our edu-
cational machinery is Tremendous,
Business mon who discover their
plants to be branding as Imperfect
q waste 50 per cent Of their
product, seek the cause and pro-
vide an immediate remedy orr ad-
nit their failure and go out Of
business. When. however. we con-
slider the influence upon the IN
dividual Of being constantly re-.
minded Of his shortcomings. whom
We realise that he 10 showed ont
into the world prepared to admit
tnat he IL . failure and antieipat-
tuo that ne win be 30 Considered
~ others. tue rsuk social Injustice
and the gssgt economic danger
cannot be overestimated."
Evening star., 1920-12-19
RURAL COOPERATION
IS BLOW TO SOCIALISM
Prodram of Gov.-Elect Preus of Minnesota
Threatens Future Of the Non
Partisan League

Duluth Board Of Trade and probably
will get what it wants. j
Cooperative creameries. mutual in
surance companies, cooperative po-
tato growing associations have been
success in Minnesota. Preus told audi
ences of farmers in all parts of Mime
sofa. Would 1t not be better. he asked
the farmers. to apply this same princi-
pie to grain and cattle selling than to
put the state into the business of selling
farm products? The farmers hought 1t
would.
In the primary election in which
Preus was nominated for governor on
the republican ticket the Non-Parti-
san League carried more than fifty OF
Minnesota's eighty-six counties and
still was unable to defeat Preus. In
tie election November 2, after his in
tensive campaiEr, advocating his plan
Of Cooperation. Preus reversed things
and the league carried only eighteen
Of the eighty-six counties. -,
Preus will be one of the youngest
governors in the United States, II not
the youngest. He is thirty-seven
years old. He graduated from Luther
College at Decorah. Iowa, and from
the college of law of the University
Of Minnesota. He served as secretary
to Senator Knute Nelson at WASH
ington. as executive clerk in the gov
ernor's Office, state insurance commits
sioner, and as state auditor He still
has two years left in the auditors
office. and on becoming governor next
year will enjoy the distinction of ap-
pointing his own successor as state
auditor. y e.
Preus' election was severe blow
to the Non-Partisan League. It re-
elected Gov. Lynn j. Frazier in North
Dakota and was instrumental in the
election of Gov.-elect Blaine of Wis
consin. It had hoped to sweep Min
nesota- *
May Seek Senate Seat.
The leagues defeat came about
through the votes Of the women.
falling on in the agricultural league
vote which was Offset somewhat by
an alliance with labor. and the de-
lection Of the German-American vote.
Wives and sisters Of Non-Partisan
Leaguers did not vote in as large
numbers as the non-league women.
German-Americaas. who voted with
the Non-Partisan League during the
war and in 1918. this year voted for
Senator Harding sfors Pfesfdent and. 1
voted sfhesranuh3iean setate5
Evening star., 1920-12-19

ried on contends in the annual report of the
Secretary of the Navy that it must not Dc
abated unless. indeed the United States JOINS
the league of nations under the covenant pro-
posed in the Versailles treaty of peace. To Do
sure, it is recognized that in this recommenoa-
tion Secretary Daniels was saying one word 1oH
a big Navy and twenty for the league OF ma
tions designed by President Wilson. But, at
that, the logic of his contention remains unim-
paired-that, barring the realization of the
Presidents plan. all other conditions warrant
and demand going ahead with the naval build
ing program.
The best judgment in Congress is believed
to be favorable to keep on with the word in
haAd and projected at least until there is some
tangible prospect of an international agreement
which will end wars minimize their possi-
bility. 1t is optimist indeed who foresees
such desirability in sight now. notwithstand-
ing the conferences Of the best minds with
President-eect Harding and his declared inten-
tion to proceed apace with negotiations looking
to that end
X FL
Congress at this session faces some cold
facts and figures in advance of the possibility
of a peace millennium. The first consideration
is the question Of money. and how much the
Navy may be allotted: the second is. possible
loss of money already laid out in suspending
work partially completed or under way.
While there is NO doubt that the public is
sick of and revolts from the thought OF
war, there Is still a latent sentiment, il the
thought in Congress is reflective of the views
of the people back home," that until world
peace can be assured by international agree
ment the surest preventive of war falling upon
the United States is the presence adoat OF an
adequate Navy, with more ships on the stocks
and more guns in the foundry.
X Il X
Right after the Christmas holidays, which
are to be briefer than usual this year, Congress
will settle down to consideration of preliminary
aspects Of questions Of taxation and tariff, to
be taken up for action when the new admin
istration and Congress come in after
March 4.
At the present moment horrible example"
is being presented Of the necessity for change
in the income tax laws Thousands Of taxpay-
ers on the last day OF grace. December Is.
found themselves unable to meet their final pay
ments on last years taxes. and in two weeks
more will have to begin to make out their
turns on taxes payable in 1921.
Hard lines? Well.s one would think so from
the frantic letters and telegrams congressman
receiving from constituents.
So it would seem that the farmers are not
the only ones who run to Congress when they
get into trouble, although OF course in this case
it was Congress which was responsible in the
first place, and natural causes aided and abetted
Z thereafter. zs.=Ng.
.sassy Copyright. 1920. ~ Ths Warrington st.r.)
Evening star., 1920-12-19
BY H. b. CRoz1ER.

0pSctu OOtIeSpOuQe1ce OK Inc 6t8I.
ST. PAUL. Mimi, December 16
TINE Non-Partisan League. which
for six years, has controlled
the political and economic for
tunes of North Dakota, is to
4ace its crucial test In Minnesota
early in the new year.
II will be the question Of whether
cooperative buying and selling. as
applied to farm products. will satisfy
The members of the league who have
been demanding state ownership Of
the selling facilities.
BY a majority of more than $50, 900.
Minnesota voters elected ]. A. O.
Pfeus. present state auditor. as gov
srnor for the next two years. Preus
made his campaign on an issue Of CO.
operation as opposed TO state owner
ship. He is perfectins plans for nut
ting his cooperative scheme into ef-
feet in Minnesota soon after the in
ception Of his term of office.
Defeated ut the Polls.
The Non-Partisan League. aided by
m alliance with labor unions in the
Twin cities and Duluth. made a su-
preme effort to elect DIR. Henrik Ship
stead. q dentist. as governor. He was
pledged to state ownership of grain
elevators, terminals and mills. He
and all Non-Partisan League candidates
for state Office were defeated.
The next session Of the Minnesota
legislature will convene January S.
No members of the state senate were
mp for election this year, and Of the
Isl members Of the lower house the
Non-Partisan League was able to con-
troll but thirty-one. Moreover. the
non-leaguers are united. They have
Just unanimously indorsed W. l.
Nolan for reelection as speaker The
league members are more than half
lAborites, whose policies often must
come into. direct opposition to the
league farmer plans.
II the Minnesota legislature puts
into effect the Preus cooperative
scheme, as It Is expected to do, the
way will have been opened and the
course determined for other north
vest states to defeat the league.
Successes Of Ce-ODeration.
At the 1918 session OF the legisla-
turs cooperative law was enacted.
Cnder Its provisions the newly Great
Cd state department Of agriculture
W4e authorized to aid in the creatien
60 development OF co-operative oh !
texprises-
co-operatiye potato growerf asso-
e1a4ions were formed and their mem
bers got better prices for their prod
uetA. Mutual insurance companies
were aided It Is now proposed to ex-
tend this act to foster co-operstive
grain growing and selling organixa-
lions. Such . statewide. organisation
will want q membership in the Minne-
spolis Chamber Of Commerce and the