The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1920-06-03

n constitution says: 1.-The All.
Russian congress is the supreme
power" This body In the government
Of Russia takes the place Of our con-
gress, our president and the cabinet.
1t has the supreme legislative and ex-
ecutive power. Do the people have .
vote for these all-powerful congress-
men? Certainly not. The All-Russian
congressman are elected, by the city
soviets and by the soviets Of the prov
inces, who were elected by the city
and rsral s%oviets, the rural soviets
having been elected by the local rural
s%oviets, whose members were elected
by the people.
Congress Not Governing Body.
The All-Russian congress is a very
large body. The Arst congress met 10
1917. 1t numbered about 1900 dele.
gates. The eighth congress is now
Ganuary, 192O) in session and the
present membership has grown to over
two thousand. 1t Is a big, cumbersome
body. unfit for deliberative purposes.
1t is more Of q mass meeting, a plat
form for the relief of those who have
speeches burdening their chests. The
congress lever sits for; more than a
week. 1t was never intended to be an
organ of government. The constitu-
ton tells the story.
Section % reads: The All-Russian
congress shall elect a central execu-
tive committee of not more than 200
members" This takes the government
another step from the people.
Section 80 says: "When the All-Rus-
sian congress is not in session, the
central executive committee is the su-
preme power of the republic" But we
have not reached the end of the jour
ney from the people to the seat of
power.
Section IS reads: 1.-THE central ex
ecutive committee shall select a coun-
Gil Of peoples commissars who
shall manage the affairs of the Rus
sian Socialist Federal Soviet Repub-
lie"
But let us read on:
Section 81: 1.-The council of peoples
commissars is Entrusted with the gen.
eral management of the affairs of the
republic"
Section 50: "For the accomplish
ment of this task the peoples COM
missars shall issue DEGREES. resolu-
tons, orders. and in general take all
steps necessary for the proper and
rapid conduct of government AFFAIRS"
Section 40: 1.-The central executive
committee has the right to revoke or
suspend all orders and resolutions of
the council of peoples commissars."
But a mote" to this section of the
constitution reads: Measures requir-
ing immediate action may be enacted
directly by the council of peoples
commissars."
Without Voice in Government.
The council of peoples commissars
is II in number. The people had no
voice in selecting the peoples COM
missars; they were not given n choice
in picking the central executive COM
mittee; they were not allowed to vote
" llC f1ll-1AuSSlttIl COuSlcSSkl1cl . LII
the rural districts the poor peasants"
were not even allowed to vote for the
men who selected the men who in turn
selected the congressman.
At the head of the Sacred Seven
teen' is the chief of state, Lenine. At
his right hand sits Trotzky, commissar
Of force in charge Of t. army and
navy. When l think of the part the
people play in this newest form Of
"free" government and the distance
they are kept fsom their country's
affairs, l cannot help but see them
through this constitution as though I
were looking at them through the
wrong end of a pair of opera glasses.
Truly it is a long way from the
people to the throne of Lenine. The
people make only the first and short
est step. There are five long and i'm
portant steps between the "poor peas
ants" and the power, and three be-
tween the city voters and the real gov
eminent of Russia.
The bolshevik government is a gov
VI oIfNClIOiuSl 81. LII OlllCcIlOkU-
ers and by o%fticeholders. 1t is Lin
coins formula reversed. l have heard
it said that democratic government is
a failure because political of%ticeholders
do not truly represent the people.
| There is some truth in the statement,
but the people have a remedy; the
system is not at fault. l cannot un-
derstand the logic for the faith that Il
government which provides three or
five additional sets of o%fficeholders be-
tween the people and the government
will make things better.
Title Conveys Much Meaning.
The title peoples commissar is full
of meaning. 1t is obese with power.
The title is copyrighted in the con-
stitution.
In December, 1918. Lenine ad-
dressed a letter to the American work
ingmen in which he said:
LET incurable pedants, crammed
flll If hOurpaOjc 1omncrntic opI nov