davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
HOUSTON SEES
BRIGHT FUTURE
Secretary of Treasury Reports
U. S. Finances in Excellent
Condition.
NOTHING TO WORRY ABOUT
Last Remaining Floating Indebtedness
Of the Government Will Be Re
deemed Monday-Reconstruc-
tion Work Satisfactory.

Washington, Feb. 14.-Announcing
that the last remaining floating in
~debtedness of the government would
be redeemed Monday, Secretary Hous-
ton said the position Of the treasury
was very bright" and that govern
ment officials saw nothing in the pres
ent financial situation which they
would regard as extremely grave.
Only about $50, 1000 of short-term
certificates requiring TO be refunded
at maturity remain TO be redeemed.
Outstanding tax certificates. issued in
anticipation of income and profits tax
installment dates for the purpose of
relieving the quarterly strain on the
banks, mou to $2,935, $40 800, but in
no instance exceed the estimated
amount of taxes, and accordingly no
funds will have to be provided TO meet
them.
Secretary Houston did not minim-
ize the pains and difficulties still TO
be encountered in the process of re-
construction. but declined to enforce
the pesSimistic views of some public
men who ave forecast n crash in the
international financial fabric.
People lose sight of the many way
In which we have been assisting Eu-
rope since the armiStice." Mr.. Houston
said. I'm addition to government loans
we have furnished them 500. 000. 900
worth of surplus army supplies. $780,
100000 for food relief. probably $780,
100000 in private loans to foreign
bankers, and Il considerable amount of
accrued interest OF the government
loans, so hat the total probably would
reach $4,000, 0O0,0 900. In addition, Eu-
rope has been selling securities here"
Mr.. Houston said all reports from
Europe indicated that reconstruction
was going on while they were talking
about it," citing the rebuilding of
French railroads and bridges as q no.
table example of what has been ac-
cOmplished.
AS to the domestic situation. he
pointed out that approximately ST.
OOO,OOO,OO would be spent this year
and next in road building under ar
engagements made while he was sec
rotary of agriculture, and that build
ing permits. always Il good index to
business conditions, indicated that the
country was rapidly making up the
shortage of houses caused by the ces-
satiOn of construction during the war.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
FIRST CAPTURE By YANKS
Two Michigan Men Lead in the TAX
ing of German Prisoners
October 27, 1917.

Washington. Feb. 14.-The first Ger
man prisoner taken by American
forces was captured by Adam Blazi-
wood, Mich, Representative James of
Michigan was informed by Adjutant
General Harris. The men were men,
bers of Company c. Eighteenth infan-
try.
The capture was made on the night
of October 27-2S. 1917. in the vicinity
of Bures, in the province of Meurthe
and Moselle. The prisoner was a CON-
pany mail carrier and was on his way
back to his company when wounded
and captured.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
SALTS IF BACkACHY
AND KIDNEYS HURT
Stop Eating Meat for a While IL
Your Bladder Is Troubling
You.

When you wake up with backache
and dull misery in the kidney region it
generally means you have been eating
too much meat, says a well-known au-
thority. Meat forms uric acid which
overwOrks the kidneys I'm their effort
to filter il from the blood and they be-
come sort of paralyzed and loggy.
When your kidneys get sluggish and
clog you must relieve them, like you
relieve your bowels; removing all the
bOdy's urinous waste, else you have
backache, sick headache, dizzy spells;
your stomach sours, tongue is coated.
and when the weather is bad you have
rheumatic twinges. The urine is
cloudy, full of sediment, channels
often get sore, waite scalds and you
are obliged TO seek relief two or three
times curing the night.
Either consult a good. reliable physi-
clan at once or get from your pharma-
cists about four ounces of Jad Salts;
take a tablespoonful in a glass OF
water before breakfast for a few
days and your kidneys will then act
fine. This famous salts is made from
the acid Of grapes and lemon juice.
combined with lithia. and has been
used o generations to clean and
stimulate sluggish kidneys. also TO
neutralize acids I'm the urine so il no
longer initiates, thus ending bladder
weakness.
Jad Salts is a life saver for regular
meat eaters. 1t is inexpensive. cannot
injure and makes a delightful. effer-
veScent Whitewater drink.-Adv.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
"SECRET" SHIP DEAL DENIED
Shipping Board Is Proceeding With
Plans to Sell Vessels at
Public Auction.

Washington. Feb. 13.-Despite a
campaign launched against the sale Of
former German passenger vessels, the
shipping board is proceeding with
plans to sell them at public auction on
Monday. The sale will be open and
the ships will be sold to the highest
bidder.
1t is emphatically denied there is
any secret deal" by which all the
ships will be sold to the International
Mercantile Marine, whose British con-
nections apparently form the chief
ground for the objections which have
been raised.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
HIGH COURT is HIT
Acquittal Paid One NeWberry Aid,
1t Is Charged.
Witness, Former Mayor of Flint, Says
He Escaped Prison by Political
Support.

Grand Rapids, Mich. Feb. IA
term popularized during the war best
describes the character of the main
evidence introduced by the govern
ment in its election conspiracy aSe
against United States Senator Truman
II. Newberry and I'D political aids.
The term is: High explosive.
And the reaction of the defense to
this testimony might be said to be
reminiscent of shell shock.
A former mayor of Flint swore that
one Newberry defendant, in the pres
ence of others, promised to Elk" the
Michigan supreme court so that an as
sauIt and robbery verdict against him
would be reversed. provided he car
ried his district for Newberry i'm the
1918 primary.
And this former mayor explained
that. DESTROYS of being on the safe
side. he carried his district for New
berry and was given freedom from a
sentence of from two TO fifteen years
through action of the state supreme
court in reversing the verdict against
him.
William II. McGeighan, mayor OF
Flint in 1914 and 1915. handed out
the TNT-laden testimony. The man
he charged with promising to fix the
supreme court is Richard III. Fletcher,
Michigan commissioner of labor.
And the men he says were present
NJ
III. King, general manager of the New
berry campaign; Fred w. CastatOr,
Detroit. alderman and leader in labor
circles. and Fred A. Henry. a subOrdi-
nate To Commissioner Fletcher.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
o M SUFFRAGE TOTAL, 81
Arizona Ratifies the Amendment-De-
feated in Virginia House of
Delegates.

Phoenix. Ariz., Feb. 14.-Ratifica-
ton o. the woman suffrage amend
ment TO the federal Constitution by a
special session of the Arizona legisla-
ture was completed. The senate adopt
ed the ratifying resolution following
similar action by the house in the aft
ernoon. Both branches made it unani-
nous. Arizona is the thirty-first state
to ratify the amendment.
(virginia's house of delegates de.
feated the suffrage amendment follow.
ing favorable action by the senate.)
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
LI@HST3
Sounded Bad.

She was n professors wife and she
was awfully proud of her hubby. One
day when the Smith-Joneses came
along to tea, she told them all about
him.
Hes a wonder, is my husband"
she said. Just at this minute he is i'm
the laboratory conducting some expert
ment. The professor expects Z go
down 70 posterity-"
B-r-r-i Crash Rattle, Another
B-r-r from the direction of the labora-
tory.
Il hope he hasn't gone" said one OF
the visitors anXiouSly.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Ottawa. Canada. Feb. 16.-Canada
has given Great Britain notice that
IL objects TO any change In the cove
nant of the League Of Nations that
would prevent the Dominion's being q
full-iedged member OF the league.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
KoIchak Death Confirmed.

London, Feb. 16.-News of the exc
cution of Admiral Kolchak. former
head of the all-Russian government.
has been officially confirmed. He ana
one of his ministers, NJ. Popeliayev,
we're shot NJ Irkutsk February Z.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
A Mouthfui.

The intense Miss Miggs-Do you not
think that the communists. by the doc
trine of syndicalism and mass action,
shall ultimately develop an insurgen-
cy which shall impose the soviet prin-
ciple on industry as a whole?
The dense Mr.. Boggs-You said It'll
Judge.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
Booze Bandits Kill Marshal.

Liberal. NO.. reb. 16.-Three men at
tempting TO steal whisky from n ware
house near here early In the morning
shot and killed w. f. Gowdy. marshal
of Liberal. who was or guard M the
warehouse. The bandits escaped
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
Income Taxes COMING In.

Chicago. Feb. 16.-Income taxes az
gregating 100000 have already been
collected in the Chicago district. COM
prising 80 counties In northern ILL.,
nois. according TO Acting Collector
Harry w. Mayer.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
Writer and EXPLORER Dies.

New York, Feb. 16.-Julius Cham
bers. newspaper man, short story wri-
ter. explorer and playwright. died Of
pneumonia. He was born in Belle
fontaine, O.. in 1S47.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Berlin hotels are SO crowded that 1t
Is feared that much a~ble-bodied tai
ent available for agriculture will not
get back home in time for spring
planting.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

II will hardly be deemed necessary
for the quest of surreptitious alcohol
to 20 81 far rs n search of the kitchen
pantry to see whether any OF the pre-
serves nave fermented.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

depends IN n belief that there will al
ways be profits TO be shared, regard
less of whether n work is done or
not.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Monetary imitation Is one of those
crazy processes started by a bunch of
fools To cheat other people out of the
fruits of their toll.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

There are yet men living whom the
SS shoe made famous. hut where Is
the man who Will restore the So shoe
aud make Ii famous?
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Europe has So many troubles Of
her own that she never pauses Il
sy'npathize with the L. :. 4. concern
ina the price of sugar.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Perhaps ii will comfort the big fell
lows to know that So many little fell
lows are also paying income tax.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

The average dealer simply hasn't
the heart to reduce the price when the
ultimate consumer Is so glad TO plunge
Co the ultimate cent.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Paper farthings issued by mer-
chants rs vouchers for change have
appeared I'm the suburbs OF London.
When you get down To- brass tacls the
saving of copper Is important.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

If rum omelets are 10 be permitted
pert - scientists "a go a step far
tlIer. and evolve a hen that can lay
y golden jag.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

When the air lines are navigable
oae may, of course, continue to do
business in America and commute
from Canada.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

To add TO the mirth of nations why
not hold an exhibition Of presidential
possibilities?
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Even the thug with n blackjack is
a less malevolent enemy to bis fell
low man than the peddler of wood al
cohOl.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

That new worlds shorthand record
OF 324 words a minute must also be
a new record for fast talking.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

The former emperor and empress of
Austria are now living in an apart
ment. They must have got away with
y tidy fortune.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Somebody has been talking about
fabulous prices for everything. The
trouble is they are not fabulous but
grim reality.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

~5dently expected that will prevent the
price from kicking over the traces.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Asked what birds migrate south in
winter. little Evelyn may have been
justified in replying. "O1ly the wealthy
ones"
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Since there is no run obtainable to
raise his spirits, there is nothing left
to make a man forget he is only a
man.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

II will not do merely to sweep the
red rubbish under the sofa.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Girls may propose this year, but 1t
IL likely they will go on i'm the old way,
making the mon jump through the
hoop.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

course. but why be libelous? And the
weather may reform.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

When the current value of n mark
Is considered. the German presidents
salary does not seem so large.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Prices were never so high. but the
money with which TO meet them has
Usver been so abundant.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

What is to take the place of the
saloon? Well, a cigar store, a haber-
Gashery shop or most anything.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

There is no argument about the
right of way when n small boy with
u sled looms up ON n hill.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

This being leap year practical labor
might propose a union with dilident
capital.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Since II is leap year women will In
veigle men into marriage us usual.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

At that, who eve heard of a girl
proposing to a man just because it
happened to be leap year? Neither did
we.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Whether every man has his price
or not. the p%rofiteer bot' las his price
aut collects IL.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Presidential bees are swarming. but
- usual there will be more stings
than honey.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

It's kind Of bad weather for starr.
ing n boycott against clothes.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

A foreign diplomat says that Europe
- watching us. Also our money chests.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20
Not the Only One.

Us your husband on a fixed salary?"
"Yes-but it's not fixed TO our liking"
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

Live Holsters were the first merchan-
disc carried by the new air service be-
tween Paris and Brussels.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1920-02-20

the result of the COWS tested in the
month of January. His report shows
that 139 cows were tested. % of which
produced more han 10 pounds of but
terfat. The Bruce Brothers herd of
10 COWS led the association with an
average of 40.4 pounds of butterfat.
Hamilton Rees' herd of IL COWS was
second. with an average of 36.6 pounds.
The years results of the Dearborn
County Cow Testing association show
that there were four herds winning
gold medals by having ten cows each
making more than 800 pounds of but
terfat. Edgar Halls herd averaged
3d. pounds: Floyd J~ackson's. 347 /;
North & Gurley's. $40; Bruce Brothers.
42S. Bruce Brothers had the highest
individual cow both i'm milk and butter
fat, n grade Jersey producing 1922
pounds of milk and 7O7.7 pounds of
b~utterfat during the year.
Kokomo.-The smallest number of
items that have appeared on a Howard
county delinquent tax list for many
years were disposed of here recently.
by T. c. Sanders. county treasurer.
The sale set n new record for brevlty.
In most cNses the delinquents them
selves came and made settlement.
Washington.-The local chapter OF
the Red Cross has asked permission To
use the second floor OF the city hall
as II temporary hospital for the care
of Influenza patients. he action being
part of an organized effort TO prevent
toe disease from reaching an epidemic
S'ac
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26

Ireland, together with a
number Of others, in
cluding Professor MacNei''s son,
we're arrested today by the military
police.
A statement from Dublin Castle,
the sea- OF the government, win re-
gard to the Griffith arrest. read
Arthur Griffith was arrested AT ma
residence in St. Lawrence road at
. a m. A large quantity OF literature
was taken from his house. No arms
we're found. He was in bed at the
time. aud was taken away IN motor
lorry. He made no statement. his
arrest was effected without trouble
IN The absence in America OF Ea-
monn de Valera, president OF the lrlSh
republic. Arthur Griffith has peeh
probably the most active spokesman
in Ireland, for the cause OF irish free~
dom. Last night in an interview ne
charged the policy Of reprlsals IN ire
land was determined upon Dy Eng
land more than a year ago ana lnaue
urated last March with the assasslna'
tion of Lord Mayor MacCurtain OF
Cork.
Admit Griffith's Arrest.
London, Nov 26. The Irish ONCE
in stating this noon that Arthhur
Griffith had been arrested In Dublin
at . O'Clock lnis morning. said no
formal charge had yer been prefer
red against him. He was taken away
in orry to a destination not made
public
lloyd George Angered.
The Irish problem again was
brought up in the house Of commons
yesterday and the question of CON
citation between the Irish people was
raised. Premier Lloyd George, giving
his opinion in the matter, declared
II have always been convinced that
no policy OF Cancellation is possible In
ireland until the reign OF terror mas
been broken. for the very obvious
reason that men in Ireland who would
be prepared to enter into negotiations
ut the present time are IN fear o.
their lives and cannot do SO freely.
inspector SnOr OOWn.
Dublin, Nov. 25.- Inspector Mad
den. who has been active against the
Sim Fein movement, was shot While
walking along street in Cork to-
day. He was not wounded seriously,
Typhoid Epidemic Breaks Out.
Dublin. Nov. 25--There Is an alarm
ing outbreak of typhoid fever in the
CaUaraj In1f h y
are being investigated by the author
tiles, but no evidence has been un-
covered to connect the outbreak with
The alleged plot by the Sim Fem to
spread typhoid germs.
Bodies Taken to England.
Dublin, NOV 25--I.normous crowds
standing twenty deep lined both
sides Of the route and witnessed one
Of the most impressive military cor
tege~ Dublin ever had seen when the
collins OF the officers assassinated
here last Sunday We're taken today
by way OF the North Quay TO the
North Wall, where they were placed
on board a torpedo boat destroyer,
bound for England.
Causes Sensation in Dublin.
Dublin, Nov 2G. The news q tn
arrest OF Griffith and Prof McNeii
caused q great sensation here. Ir
speaking OF the raid on the house and
ner husband arrest Mrs. Grim n
said
Tho reason why Arthur and Pref
Mcneil are being taken away is thai
no moderate leaders viii hr LETT I,
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26
G. 0. 3. Leader Dies Of Wounds.

Ardmorp, Okla. NOV 2t-Iake /"
Hamon, republican national commit
teeman from oklahoma, who was
wounded here last Sunday night in a
hotel room, died this morning at S:l5
o'clock.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26
Swedish Minister Dies.

Washington, Nov rs w A. f.
Ekcngren. Swedish Minister TO the
L. :. died at the legation here odai
alter a brief illness.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26

TAKEN FROM HOMES
and CARRIED OFF IN
army MOTOR L0RRIES

Arthur Griffith, founder of the Sinn Fe'n or
ganization, Professor John MacNelll' o'nn elh
member Of Parliament for Londonderry city and
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26
40 HOUR DEVOTION AT
ST. PATRICK'S CHURCH
PAST SEVERAL YEARS

A forty hours devotion service will
he held at st PatCirk's Catholic
church starting next Sunday morning.
The religious ceremonies will open
with an 500 a m. mass. and will con
tinue until Tuesday night Rev Brown
of Chicago will conduct the services,
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26

Try Want Al in The Free Trade
Journal for Quick Results.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26
EATHER.

Snow tonipht and Sat.
urday; somewhat warm.
er tonight.
Free trader-journal and Ottawa fair dealer. (Ottawa, Ill.) 1920-1927, 1920-11-26

London, Nov 26 The Irish once
in stating this noon that Arthhur
Griffith had been arrested In Dublin
at . O'Clock lnis morning, said no
formal charge had yer been prefer
red against him. He was taken away
in a lorry to a destination not made
public
The Denver Jewish news. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-1925, 1920-09-29
FELIX WARBURG DISCOURAGES
EUROPEANS FROM COMING TO
AMERICA.

Paris.-Felix NJ. Warburg. noted
American banker and head of the
Joint Distribution committee who is
at present In this city, is making an
effort to impress Jewish leaders in
Europe with the necessity to dis
courage European Jews from flock.
ing to the United States. in order to
keep Jewish emigra ton within certain
limits. In this connection. he has con
ferrcd with number of leading Jews
in Paris including Mr.. Nahum Soko-
low, the head of the Jewish Delega-
tions committee in this city.
On the other hand. leading Jews in
Europe seem to feel that in the ruin
ed and hopeless condition in which SC
many Jewish communities in Europe
Mt present find themselves and with
so many of them possessed of reld.
tives in America. that country offers
the only haven they can turn to. espc
cially so. since conditions in Palestine
restrict any Immediate large influx of
Immigrants
The Denver Jewish news. [volume] (Denver, Colo.) 1915-1925, 1920-09-29
JEWISH SCHOOLS ORGANIZE BY
OZECHOSLOVlAKIAN GOVERN.
MENT.

Prague, CzechOslovakia-The Czech.
oslovak Government has seen fit to
organize number of Jewish schools
In the cities of Boslowitz, Lundcnburg
Iiisslitz and Ung. Brod. This is the
first attempt at a compliance with the
provisions of the Treaty of Versailles
which demands of each of the several
governments set up from the former
Austro- ro-Hungarian Monarchy the cree
ton of government.maintain schools
for the minority nationalities within
their respective borders. The Czech
0slovak Government thus becomes the
first to bring into practice the solemn
provisions of the Peace Treaty.
It is only to be expected that the
Government will follow out its policy
in the other cities and communities
of Czechoslovakia where there is
Jewish population to the end that
the protection of minority races and
provisions of the Treaty directed to
uationnlities be given full application
in practice.