davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-06-30
Mrs. Bergdoll
And Indicted
InU. S. Court
uo,her of Two Slackers
Is Accused of Helping
Grover to Escape From
Governors Island Cell
IawversAre Reprimanded
Court Martial Urged for
Major John E. Hunt and
Prisoners Two Guards
social pis,atch to The r,ib.n,

scecsdl Dispatch TO The Tribune
PHILADELPHIA, June 20. - Mrs.
Emma C. Bergdoll. mother of the
.l..ker brothers, Grover c. and Erwin
Rergdoll, to-day was indicted, along
9TH seven other persons. for con-
.oirscy in connection with the law
h,.skings and the flights from justice
Of her sons.
The indictments were returned by a
special Federal grand jury called to
investigate the entire draft lodging
record Of the Bergdoll family.
Four Of the defendants are now un-
s.r $4,000 bail each for appearance at
II. September term of the United
States District Court The four others
Including the Bergdoll brothers, are
fugitives from justice.
Those indicted are Mrs. Emma G
Rsrodoll, mother of the draft dodgers
Charles A. Braun, their brother, who
changed his name during the war;
lanes E. Romig, close personal friend
II the Bergdolls; Albert s. Mitchell, ar
automobile accessory dealer; Eugene
IIke') Stecker, employee of the Berg
New-York tribune., 1920-06-30
Jury Disagrees in S.. 1000
Suit Against Rubber Compan,

A jury in Federal Judge John c.
knox's court disagreed yesterday in the
suit of H. P Baran & Co., dealers in au-
tomobile supplies, of Central Park
West, against the Goodyear Tire and
Rubber Company, of Akron. Ohio, which
was based on the so-called "trebe dam
age" clause Of the Sherman antitrust
act.
The Baran company sought to recover
100000 for alleged discrimination by
the Goodyear Company since 1917, in
cutting off the Baran company's supply
of tires. The jury delberated six hours
New-York tribune., 1920-06-30
Aldermen May Lose
Vacation to Pass
City Pay Increase
Collins Threatens to Keep
Board i'll Session All
Summer Unless Action
Is Taken ON Bond Issue

Complaints were general among men,
bers Of the Board of Aldermen yes
terday, when William T. Collins, leader
of the Democratic majority, threatened
TO keep the Board in session all sum-
mer, if necessary, to take action on the
s5,OO0,000 issue of special revenue
bonds to increase the salaries of city
employees The board is scheduled to
New-York tribune., 1920-06-30

nounced, to complete the grand jury's
adjourn for the SUMMER, but it is
possible it will have to sit one day
next week. When it does adjourn it
will do SO subject to the cali of the
foreman.
1t is believed the jury will signalize
It's vacation adjournment by handing
up number Of indictments
New-York tribune., 1920-06-30
Organization Efficiency

is developed by bringing young men and
women into your organization who work
for and zmth you and not those who
merely want job
Among The Tribune readers are
young men and women who are Of the
above the average kind that will
increase your efficiency standard.
When you need help Of this class, call
up The Good Morning Girl Of The New
York Tribune, Bcckrnan 5000, and give
her your advertisement. Bill will be
sent later. Or, if you wish, place it
through any Of The Tribunc's Want
Ad." agcnts-oycr 800 in Greater New
York.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
TRADE EXCURSION AUG.

Clarksdale, Miss, July 23.-An-
nouncement was made here this morn
ing of the definite date for the Trade
Excursion, which will be held under
the auspices Of the Clarksdale Asso-
ciated Retailers Wednesday, Aug. 4.
1t is estimated that about so of the
more prominent retail business men
of the city will compose the excur-
sion party, which will leave here
early Wednesday morning and will go
to Cleveland, Rosedale, Gunnison,
Hillhouse, Round Lake and other sur
rounding towns, the object Of the trip
being the promotion of good-fellow-
ship between this city's merchants
and those Of neighboring towns and
the advertisement of the advantages
of trading in this particular city.
The event will be an innovation in
the trading history of the city and
there is much favorable speculation
as to the benefits which may be ex-
pected to be derived.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
LEASES READY
FOR DELIVERY

All Sixteenth Section leases are
ready for delivery at the office of the
City Marshal in the City Hall build
ing. These leases were supposed to
have been delivered by Saturday
night, or before August l, but many
property holders failed to call and
make arrangements to take out their
leases.
Delivery of the leases must be
made this week, and failure to call
and get the same, may entail serious
consequences and added expense to the
property holder.
All the ninety-nine year leases ex-
pired Saturday night and they have
been renewed by the City Council for
another ninety-nine year term.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

oil, and bore the tidings to the vii
lage. Darkness was setting in, but
the Smith boys sprinted to the scene.
When Colonel Drake came down,
bright and early the next morning,
they and their father were guarding
three barrels of precious oil. The
pumping apparatus was adjusted, and
by noon, the well commenced produc-
ing at the rate of 20 barrels a day.
The problem Of the ages was solvedl
The agony ended, and petroleum fairly
launched on its astonishing career.
The news flew like Dakota cy-
clone, villages and country folks flock
ed to the wonderful well. Geo. A.
Bissell, posted by telegraph, bought
all Pennsylvania Rock Oil stock he
could find, and in four days, was at the
well. He leased farm after farm on
Oil Creek, and the Allegheny River, re-
gardless of surface indications or the
admonitions of the meddling wise
acres.
The rush for property resembled
the wild scramble Of the children
when the Pied Piper of Hamlin blew
his fatal reed. Titusville was in a
whirlpool of excitement, buildings
arose as if by magic, the hamlet be-
came city of 1900 inhabitants. Max
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
OFFENSIVE BREATH
CALL FOR CALOMEL
TAKE A CALOTAB
The Nausealess Calomel Tablet
That Is Purified From Danger
and Unpleasant Effects.

Do you ever have a bad taste in
your mouth in the morning, heavy
breath, coated tongue, headache, nerv-
BUSINESS with a letdown feeling? You
need calomel, nothing else will cleanse
your liver thoroughly. Try Calotabs,
the nausealess tablet that is delight
full to take and delightful in effect.
One tablet at bedtime, with swallow
of water,-that's all. No taste, no
gripping, no salts, nor nausea. Wake
up in the morning feeling like two
year old, bright, cheerful, energetic
and with hearty appetite for break
fast. Eat what you please,--no dan
ger. Calotabs are so entirely delight
full to take and so pleasant in effect
that the manufacturers have authoriz-
ed your druggist to refund the price
as guarantee that you will be de-
lighted with Calotabs.
Sold only in original sealed pack
ages, price thirty-five cents. At drug
stores everywhere. adv.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

prevailed upon Smith to accept the
offer to manufacture the tools and
bore the well. Finally, on May 20,
1859, Smith, his two sons, and the
tools arrived at the drilling site, where
a derrick and tool house had already
been constructed. i
Delay and tribulation had not ceas-
ed, however. They had only begun.
In artesian boring it is necessary to
drill in rock. The ordinary rule was
to dig pit, or well hole to the rock,
and then crib it with timber.
This they started to do, but the
hole filled with water, and caved in
persistently. 1t soon developed into a
fight-to-a-fnish between three men
and "the cussedest of inanimate
things" And the latter won.
Drilling Starts.
A council of war was then called
and it was Drake who suggested that
an iron tube be driven through the
clay and quicksand, to the rock. The
plan was adopted, and proved to be
effectual. The pipe was driven 80
feet to hard pan, and the drill was
started August Ia.
The workmen averaged about 3 feet
a day, resting at night and on Sun
days. Oil indications were plentiful
There was no doubt in my mind, but
that the well would be done to the
tarentum level by Christmas.
In the meantime, the other mem
bers of the company, tired of repeat
ed delays and postponements, did not
deluge Drake with money. Losing
speculations, and sickness had already
drained his own meagre savings.
However he was able to borrow
about $500 from r. d. Fletcher anc
Peter Wilson, enough to tide hin
over the crisis, and the drilling went
on.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

well Titus sold lots at 5000, people adj
quired homes that doubled in value,
and speculation held undisputed sway.
The streets were paved, shade trees
were planted, local industries were fos-
tered, and every manner of public inn
provement was promoted.
Titusville was in the grip Of the
worlds first oil boom.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
The Discovery.

On Saturday afternoon, August 2S,
1859, just two weeks after actual
drilling had started, the well was
down to depth Of 60 feet, in a
coarse sand. Smith and his sons de-
eided to clay off, until Monday morn
ing, and as they were about to quit,
the drill dropped about to quit, the
drill dropped about 6 inches, into a
crevice, such as was common with
salt wells, Nothing further was
thought Of the matter, the tools were
drawn out of the hole, and all hands
adjourned for the bright lights of
Titusville.
The next Sunday afternoon, Smith
went to the well, where it was his
custom to inspect the premises. Peer
ing into the hole, he saw fluid within
eight or ten feet of the top, and inn
proving little bailer out of a piece
of old tin spout he let it down by a
string and pulled It up.
Salt water? No, hardly! The old
man took one sniff of the liquid and
knew that he had found.
PETROLEUM.
Not daring to leave, Smith eontin-
ued to bail, each time bringing his
bailer to the surface, filled with oil.
A straggler. out for a stroll, sp-
preached heard the story, shifted the
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
The First Royalty.

Colonel Drake made the trip, and
reported to the Company. He then
formed a partnership with Edwin +.
Bowdtch, and the two men organized
I the Seneca Oil Company, March %,
1858, taking a lease on the holdings
of the first company, upon a promise
to pay an eighth royalty, the first
oil royalty contract ever made.
Drake first repaired the trenches
that had been used, in former days,
for Swimming" the oil, and by the
end of June had dug a shallow well,
with hand tools and was saving ten
gallons of oil day, by the old
method,
| He was finding il difficult to get a
practiced "borer" to sink an artesian
well.
! He hired one driller, and bargained
for steam engine, but both failed
to arrive, and he had to shut down
! for the winter.
Colonel Drake then learned that
tools for cleaning out salt wells We're
made BY William A. Smith, and he
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
Authors Note.

This is the first of series Of art
icles, prepared for the Louisiana Oil
News, for the express purpose Of tell
ing the too-long forgotten romance
of petroleum.
The story Of gold, and of the strong
men who sought it is told in every
language.
The same class of red blooded virile
men, who met death on the Klondike,
in a past generation, are today seek
ing the hidden pools Of petroleum, in
search Of greater riches than gold
ever bought.
The story of petroleum contains
just as many illustrious names
stories Of hardships just as severe,
and men just as capable of meeting
them as the story of the Klondike ever
held.
The oil man of today, and the gold
hunter of yesterday, bear the same
stamp of iron listed, rough hewn,
romance.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
Queer Uses.

Many queer uses were made of pc
troleum at this time. It's medicinal
qualities were grossly over-estimated,
and it was used more as an agredient
for "quack" medicines than for any
other purpose, although it was al
ready very much in demand as an
illuminant.
This was the status Of the oil in
dustry, until 1854, when George H.
Bissell and Jonathon G. Eveleth, New
York attornies, became interested in
the industry.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
First Oil Company.

They organized a company with a
capitalization of $250,OOO, their pur-
pose being to discover oil springs
and skim the oil. They purchased
one hundred and five acres, in fee
simple, from Brewer, Watson and
Company, in Cherrytree township,
Pennsylvania. The consideration paid
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
DRILLING THE FIRST OIL WELL
process in Pennsylvania.

process in Pennsylvania.
Small skimmers, nicely adjusted,
skinned the oil off the surface of
running water. Another method for
obtaining petroleum, in some parts of
the world, was in bailing it from shall
low holes, together with water.
The contents of the bailers was
then stored in tanks, which were tap
ped at the bottom until all the water
ran out. The tanks were then filed
with oil.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

for the property was $4,000; all Of
which was in notes except $500.
However the consideration in the
deed was shown at $4,000.
Articles of Incorporation of the
Pennsylvania rock oil company were
filed in New York and Albany, De-
cember 30, 1854, and the company
which was destined to mother" the
oil industry, was established.
There then arose considerable diff
Guilty in regard to the articles Of in
corporation and the sale of stock, as
New Haven parties were willing to
buy, on the stipulation that the COM
pany be re-organized under the laws
of Connecticut.
However, it was then found that
according to the laws Of Pennsylvania
any company chartered outside the
state, would forfeit its lands, held
within the state, to Pennsylvania, so,
at the last minute, the company was
organized in Pennsylvania.
But then difficulties arose again,
this time among the stock holders,
and it soon became evident that as
far as the project was concerned, it
was "ready for burial"
The Idea.
One scorching day, in the summer
of 1856, Mr.. Bissell, standing beneath
the awning of a Broadway drug
store, in New York, noticed bottle
of Kier's petroleum in the window,
and a queer show bill, or label, was
attached. 1t struck him as rather
odd that a $40O bill such as appeared
to be should be displayed in that man
ner.
4 However a second glance proved
that it was an advertisement of
substance that concerned him deeply.
The bill was advertising the medicinal
qualities of "Kier's oil" and in gay
little Autograph in one corner, were
displayed several derricks, such as
were used to drill artesian wells.
Kc stepped inside and asked for
permission to scan the label.
"Take it along" said the shop
keeper.
For an instant he gazed at the der
ricks on the hand bill, together with
the figures, 400" A thought flash
ed upon him. Why not bore artesian
wells for oil Artesian wells! Arte-
sian wellsl The thought rang through
his mind like the bells of London,
telling Wilmington to return.
The idea that means so much to the
future of the "game" was born at
last!
The next thing was to put the idea
to the test. Mr. Townsend, president
of the company, appointed Edwin l..
, Drake, formerly a conductor on the
New York and New Haven railroad,
who had been forced to retire on ac-
count of his health, to visit the pro-
] perty and make a report.
Drake was glad of the opportunity
, for the much needed change of air
! and accepted the commission, and
] from that time on Townsend, in adj
dressing letters and legal documents
to Drake, prefxed the title of "colo-
! mel" to the name, no doubt supposing
.. that this would enhance the import
. ance of his representative in the eyes
! of the Oil Creek backwoodsmen. The
military title stuck to the diffident
. civilian, whose name is interviewer
I with the great events of the nineteenth
J century.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04
ONE THOUSAND
CRICKETS WANTED.

One thousand crickets wanted to
ship to the Delta. Catch them around
alfalfa fields while baling. Phone or
write P. w. Maer for particulars.
Hurry as they are wanted right away.
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

Although petroleum has been
known to man since Biblical times,
the real romance of the oil industry
did not begin until the latter part Of
the 10th century, years after petro-
leum, as a commercial product, had
been in demand.
Up until just before the Civil War,
no oil well had ever been drilled, al
though some commercial oil was OBJ
tanned through clumsey "skimming"
The Columbus dispatch. (Columbus, Miss.) 19??-1922, 1920-08-04

We have real bargain in cottage
home. See US before it is sold. Maer
Realty Co.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
HE INTENDS TO
GO TO IRELAND
Arch Bishop Mannix to Defy British
Government Despite Detectives
Guarding His Stopping
Place

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
LONDON, Aug. 12.-Arch-Bishop
Mannix today told the United Press
he was determined to visit Ireland in
defiance of the British government
He refused to divulge the time of his
departure or the method he will use
to elude the Scotland Yard detectives
watching the Nazareth house where
he is stopping.
81 am confident that am going to
Ireland" Mannix declared. Il am only
remaining in London until can con-
tinue my journey ] am going 70 see
things through. Just at present, l
am preaching to Ireland, by my ex-
ample"
Mannix indicated he had been asked
by the government to promise that he
would only visit his relatives if he was
permitted to go to Ireland, but he re-
fused.
Il have other purposes in my visit
and intend to preserve freedom of ac-
tion," he said.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
Second Attempt Fails.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
\ NASHVILLE, Tenn, Aug. ia
second attempt to prevent action on
the ratification of the federal woman
suffrage amendment in the legislature
was defeated today when a resolution
which would have deferred action on
the amendment until the regular ses-
sion of the legislature in January,
1921, was tabled without a record
vote.
Efforts were made to pass a joint
resolution introduced by Representa-
tive Story of White county, which
would have prevented action on suf-
frage by the legislature on the
grounds of unconstitutionaEty.
Representative J. F. Odle of Cam
den, moved to table and Story made
a plea against the motion.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
TIGHT MONEY GIVEN AS CAUSE.
Bankers Will Not Extend Credit to Auto
Makers and Dealers and Industry is
Facing Suspension.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. ]
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Aug. L.
Tightening of money by banks will
force suspension of the automobile
industry within a short time, Indiana
polls manufacturers said today.
Thousands of employees of the auto
mobile factories of this city have al
ready been laid off and the forces are
being reduced still further.
The manufacturers attributed this
to the refusal of banks throughout the
country to extend credit to/the deal
ers and to the makers of automobiles.
If the banks continue their refusal
to grant. loans or to extend those al
ready out, every branch Of the motor
car industry will be forced to shut
down, pretty soon now" in the opin-
ion of H. c. Deming, superintendent of
production of the William H. Small
company, manufacturers of the Monroe
automobile The Monroe makers
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
PREDICTION
BY EDISON
Says Machines Will Do Work in
Offices as It Now is Doing
in All Fac
tories,

United Press Leased Wire Service. ]
ORANGE, N. j., Aug. 12.-Thomas
A. Edison today predicted the univer-
sal use of machinery in offices.
Replying to the speech of George
NJ Austin, who presented him with a
commemorative silk flag at the forty
third annual convention of the Edi-
phone, Edison said within 81 few years
machines will do about everything in
an Office just as they do in the shops.
office workers will have better jobs
and comparatively better pay tie
more they use the automatic Devices y
he said.
do you know why the office worker
is as well satisfied as anybody?' Edi-
son asked in discussing the present
unrest. 1T is because he sees and
understands the problems of his boss
and he's satisfied to see the president
paid $4,000 salary because he is close
enough to know he earns the money
Invested capital has increased enor-
mously for each worker while the
value of manufactured goods has in
creased per worker in much smaller
proportion, Edison said.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
Difficult PIayinu.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. i
TOLEDO, Ohio, Aug. IA low
haze that hung close to the ground.
and murky conditions OF the atmos-
phere made playing difficult in thes
morning round Of the championship
flight Of the national open golf tourn.
ament at Inverness today. Most OF
the opening scores were surprisingly
high. except in the case of Douglass
Edgar, Atlanta, who led the early
field with 73 mark, made up Of 33i
out and 35 in.
Bobby Jones and Wi1fred Reid had
a lot Of trouble on their first nine
and both came along with eights. /
Chick Evans and Bob McDonald
played consistent golf, the first of the
day Mcdonald turned in 36 and
Evans 4S.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
REFUSE TO
GO TO WORK
Strikers Vote Overwhelmingly to Re-
iect Offer Of Company Which is
Running Cars Under
Guard. J

IUnited Press Leased Wire Service.
DENVER, Colo, Aug. 12.-Final set
uement of the tramway strike today
seemed hopeless, following the refusal
last night by the strikers of the set
tlement proposed by the tram COM
many. No further overtures will be
made to the strikers, company officials
announced, and cars will be operated
by strike breakers under protection
of federal troops.
The men voted overwhelmingly TO
reject the offer which provided that
they should come back to work as in
dividuals, not as a union.
What their next move would De,
union officials would not state.
There has been no violence since
last Fridays rioting.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12

have already reduced their force to,
one-third it's normal number.
The Nordyke and Mormon company
has released two thousand Of its men,
retaining working force of three
thousand eight hundred; but this num-
ber is expected to be reduced gradu-
ally. The National plant has closed
down with the exception of the service
and shipping departments.
An official of the Nordyke and Mar
mon company explained today that
people simply are not buying cars
now" He admitted also that it was
growing more difficult for the dealers
and manufacturers to obtain loans and
said this was responsible largely for
the general lay-off
! It is understood the officers of the
National Motor Car company take the
view that their plant is well stocked
with machines and that they had bet
ter unload these before manufacturing
more cars with labor and materials at
their peak price
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1920-08-12
ORPET TURNS
UP AGAIN
Living in San Francisco Under Name
of Dawson and is Arrested on
Wife Desertion
Charge.

limited Press Leased Wire Service. ]
SAN FRANCISCO, Calf, Aug. 12.-
Will H. Orpet. who says he is the
same Will Orpet, who was tried for,
and acquitted, of the murder of Marion
Lambert, of Waukegan, Wisconsin, a
few years ago, had authorities puzzled
here today.
Orpet under the name of W. n.
Dawson, was arrested yesterday on a
charge of wife desertion. A girl, Civ
ing the name of Olga Sarnowsky,. of
Detroit, appeared as the complainant
and testified she was Orpet's wife.
"A marriage license was issued here
yesterday to Olga Sarnowsky, 10, and