The New York herald. [volume] (New York, N.Y.) 1920-1924, 1920-11-14

by the proper care OF the body through APP
propriate amounts and kinds Of work and
play. cleanliness and the protection Of the
body from injury and infection. This means
such a knowledge of the use of the common
goods and supplies of daily life such as
personal hygiene and sanitation and such
habits of healthful living are few of us pos
sess. The schools have scarcely begun to
take up these questions as important parts
Of their work. Yet the more significant ele-
ments of these may all be taught with the
wholehearted interest of children in the ele-
mentary school.
To solve the manifold daily practical prob
lens with efficiency requires the mastery OF
the tools of modern life-reading writing
number and language forms-tc a degree
enabling us to express ourselves with rea-
sonabe clearness in both oral and written
form; some drawing. a reasonable use OF the
conventional customs of courteous inter
course "A fair degree of manual dexterity and
intelligence in the use of the goods and APP
pliances produced by civilization in meeting
the everyday wants Of physical, mental and
social life These elements are common to
all regardless of sex or occupation. In adj
dition to these. but taken up definitely be-
yond the elementary school period, is the
problem OF the development of proficiency
i'm ones special calling or vocation, whatever
this may be- In the field of the tool subjects
vigorously TO meet these requirements. Even
i'm these subjects achievements are far short
of what we may reasonably expect by the
use Of more efficient methods.
Citizenship.
citizenship includes healthful and efficient
living and the wholesome use Of ones
leisure. but there are also special forms of
activity growing out Of the completely OF
modern life These have to do with the reg
ulatve and cooperative aspects Of commu-
nifty and civic life.
In order to secure the supplies of life
and distribute these equally and in order
TO carry on enterprises for our common
good we have found need for laws and
forms of government for making ana en-
forcing these laws. We also cooper ate in
iegulative ways through customs by which
we recognize and respect each others rights
and privileges without the necessity e laws.
We support large enterprises like the Post
office and the upkeep Of streets and roads
through the machinery Of government as
better than attempting these by private en-
terprise.
We all need education in an understands
ing Of the conditions which make these
iegulative measures necessary in forming
habits Of conforming 10 them and In help
ing with intelligence and fairness in pro-
vidng the means TO maintain them. SO
1 far our schools have done little about the
problems Of citizenship except TO have chill
dren try TO mcmorize facts about The mere
machinery Of government Tho practical
arts. history. geography and literature. In
addition to civics "a a subject may Ill con-
tribute much In making children understand
and appreciate the real human relationships
which give meaning to citizenship OF tho
finest quality
broader appreciation OF the old time
American virtue OF neighborlness needs cul-
tvation In the individuallstic. selfish tend
encies Of our time we have forgotten how
entirely dependent We are upon Others both
in our own immediate communities and In
even the more remote regions ana nations
OF tho whole world. In its last analysis tho