The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1920-06-17

congress Of estimates, and the prepe-
ration and submission 10 congress Of
financial data Of any character, in or
der TO determine what changes should
be made In provisions Of law to the
end that all requirements In respect
to the reporting to congress Of finan-
cinl data and estimates shall bs
brought together in one place, co-ordi-
mated, revised, and brought into har-
mony with the budget which the presi-
dent is required TO submit to con-
eress. The results Of the investigs-
lions made by the bureau Of the budget
are to be embodied In a report each
year 10 the president. who is au-
thorized to transmit the report to con-
gress II he sees At.
The president will, once a year. flx
date by which the heads Of the sew
eral executive departments and all
other officers shall submit TO him es-
Inmates for the public service, and for
the permanent appropriations not 9th
erwise estimated for. and such esti-
mates Of the public revenues and con-
dition Of the treasury As the presi-
dent may direct.
President to Submit Budget
The new legislation makes II the
duty of the president to send to con-
gress on the first day of each regu-
lar session document to be known as
the budget. This budget is to con-
tot DO - r.
enues and expenditures Of the govern
ment for the preceding year and Of the
resources and liabilities Of the treas
ury at the close OF the year. his es-
Inmates Of the revenues and expendi-
lures Of government for the current
liabilities Of the treasury at the close
of the year. also his estimates Of
the revenue and expenditure needs Of
the government for the ensuing fiscal
year, and how. in his opinion, those
needs shall be met.
There Is also created a department
to be known as the accounting depart
ment, which Is to be an establishment
Of the government Independent Of the
executive department and under the
control and direction Of the controller
general Of the United States The Of
fee of the controller Of the treas
ury and the assistant controller Of
the treasury are abolished to take ef-
feet July I, this year. All other Of
ficers and employees Of the Office Of
the controller of the treasury are to
become officers and employees Of the
accounting department at their pres
ent grades and salaries.
At the head of the accounting de-
partment there is to be created new
government officer who will be known
as controller general of the United
states, and there will also be an as
sistant controller general. The con-
troller general will receive salary Of
$4,000, and his assistant a salary Of
$500. The legislation transfers to
the new accounting department all the
powers and duties which the controller
Of the treasury and the auditors for
the various executive departments
now have. The legislation automat-
ically abolishes the auditors for the
departments. The incumbents of the
offices are to be transferred at their
present salaries TO the accounting de-
partment.
Fighting Child Labor.
To abolish child labor not merely
by prohibiting employment but by
aHn 10 hA
aim of the stay-in-school campaigns
now being carried on or completed in
20 states in cooperation with the chill
dren's bureau of the department Of
labor. The campaign is to be followed
In the fall by a back-to-school drive
in order to round up the children who
fail to report at the opening of school.
since the influence of vacation work
I'm leading to permanent withdrawal
from school has been strikingly shown.
An encouraging feature of the cam
paign is that six Of the states taking
part in 1t are among the ten in which
more than 20 per cent of all the chill
dren between ten and fifteen years of
age are regularly engaged I'm agricul-
tural work. Rural child labor, which
involves three-fourths of all the child
workers in the country, is the most
difficult form of child exploitation tc
reach. 1t is subject TO no legal regu-
lation except through school attend
ance laws, and these are, as a rule,
inadequate and poorly enforced. In
three of the six states mentioned, the
percentage of illiterates over ten years
of age represents more than one-fifth
Of the total population. The other
three states have illiteracy rates con-
siderably higher than the country as
a whole.
Work Carried on in Many Ways.
The campaign is being carried on IN
accordance with local needs and re-
sources. Moving pictures and slides
are being utilized In some places "a
show the harmful effects of too early
work and the advantages OF schooling
Posters and leaflets urging children to
make wider use Of the vocational
courses offered In local schools are be
ing distributed. Leaders in vocational
guidance and basement work are Civ
ing talks TO seventh and eighth-grade
pupils on the advantages which school