davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Amerikai Magyar hirlap = American Magyar journal. [volume] (Youngstown, Ohio) 1911-1942, 1920-01-01

d X81UO.
alatt. Mikor mi mind q h&rman
oda voltunk ve1mez6n. De hala
Istennek a sok szenvedes utan sze-
rencsesen haza j0ttiink mind a
harman.
Pista, amint tudjak is, bekebei
katona volt, tehat 3 mindjart az
els6 mozg6sitasnal , bevonult es
szakadatlanul kiinn volt from.
ton, illetve 8 mem annyira volt q
tiizvonalban, inert 8 d psks6gnA
mint 6rmester teljesitett ssolga-
latot egeszen a haboru vegag es
ket htiintetessel teri haza 1918
november 14.en, az olasz front.
r6l.
Marion pedig, ali szinten mar
megn6siilt 1919 februarban, a
Margit ura testverjet vette el, 3
is 1914 szeptember lien vonult
be, de 8 mindjart a fogolytabor-
ba keriilt es oft teljesitett egesz
1916 augusztusig mint 6rvezet6
szolgalatot..
Es en-, Matyas, aki meg molten
vagyok, bevonultaln 1916 majus
29-en es Martonnal egyiitt 1915
september 24-en kimentiink a
frontra. De Marion mem volt
kiinn sokaig, inert 8 mindjart meg
betegedett es visszakeriilt az or
szagba a korhazba, de betegsege
mem tartott sokaig. Felgy6gyu-
lasa utan pedig Kassara keriilt az
altiszti Aikepzo tanfolyamra, es
ottan mint oktat6 teljesitett maid
mem a haboru vegeig (mint tie.
des) szolg&latot.
De en, nilzor Marion engem ott-
hagyott a fronton, meg alig vol
tam 18 ewes, kiinn voltam egesz a
haboru vegeig. Mint telephonista
tizedes teljesitettem en- is a gya-
logs&gnal szolgalatot. En- es Mar
ton d forrada1om kitorese napjan
1918 november elejen j0ttiink
haza.
Nagyon siralmas allapotban ta-
laltuk az orszagot, milkor haza
jottiink. Delrol a jugoszlavok,
keletr6l a romanok, eszaknyugat-
r6l pedig a cseh-szlovak koztar-
sasag katonai szallottak meg Ma
gyarorszag legdragabb es legna.
gyobb reszet,. amit meg most j.
megszallva tartanak.
Csak mi, ez a szegeny, ez a vi
tez magyar, minlset mem segitett
senki sem. Mindenfel0l 0kl0ket
razva fenyegettek es pusztitottak
szegeny elhagyott magyar hazan-
kat, sot, a mi t0bb, meg most is
pusztitjak 1nindig. Leig&zya, IL.
rongyol6dva, siralmas allapotban
vagyunk.
\ r.. =
Gyarainlkat kifosxtottak, mum
gassagunk elszeledt, nincs szove-
tiink, nincs b0riink, nincsenek
gazdasagi gepeink, egy sz6val a
szenved6sek tet6fo1at 6rtiik el.
Penziink ert6l1e teljesen elve-
szett q kiilf0lddel sxemben. Con.
dolhatjalx, milkor egy amerilai
dollkrert rs korona magyar penzt
adnak.
Magyarorszag a szerencsetlen
aldosasa q vilaghAborunaak, mert
ha valald le volt igazva, ha valal1i
le volt nerve a vilag el0tt, q ma,
gyarsag le van, q magyarsag Il
van sujtva, ugy, hogy a sajat ere
| jeb0l mem br t0bb6 6letre kelni
AZ eddigi edeseket leirni Ia
Ian mines ember,, talan nincs toll
alki AT le tudna irni.
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

usually accompany every earth
quake ard are REGARDED with more
fear than the actual earthquakes,
because the incoming masses OF
water have been known to reach a
height Of more than two hundred
feet in different localities.
Another peculiar feature Of
earthquakes is that they seem to
undulate the ground with a twisting
motion. This effect is quite notice
able in almost every Central Ameri-
can or Southern Mexico quake,
when straight rows of trees are
shifted into irregular zigzags or
light buildings twisted about on
their foundations, and many odd
effects are created in this manner.
Statistics tend to show that the
maximum Of earthquake disturb
ances occur in the northern hemi-
sphere during the months Of Jaru-
ary, August and October. with a
minimum during May. June ard
July. The southern hemisphcre's
period Of greatest activity is Novem
ber, May and June, while the mini
mum is in March and Aucust. 1t
will be noted from the above that
the period Of greatest activity Is
during the cool months. and although
this may not appear to be true in
regard TO the southern hemisphere
it must be remembered that its sea
sons are Just th~ rrveree II ours jr
The northern hemisphere. =
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

Fourth Street, and prepared to
oend three years in study, at the
nd of which time they should
merge as full-fedged teachersl
What's in a Name
At The exhibit viii! be the copies
cf catalogues, courses Of study, bull
etins Of information, reports, etc,
aublished each year. beginning with
he very first manual Of informa-
ion, Of date Of 1870; list Of the
faculty and the instructors, 27 in
all, as against 131 in the college
department alone to-day; bylaws
relating to the college and rules
and regulations for the conduct Of
the pupils.
These rules and regulations may
interest the free college students
of today, who learn that their sis
ters of fifty years ago had to as
semble sin the main hall' at 8.55
each morning after duly putting
away chats, cloaks and shawls v
They were obliged TO bring notes
from home in case Of lateness or
absence; they might not Ieave
their rooms without permission" or
pass from one floor to another
unless sent or permitted by proper
authority" Special provision was
made that they might not "loiter
about the front door or on the side
walk but must walk with proper
vgor and celerity,' etc.
Part of DR.. Davis's service to the
college lay in his cooperation with
the alumne in changing the name
Of Normal College" to Hunter
College. The institution had begur
as training school for teachers
but it had come to be much more
than that. There were some op-
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
Conduct of the War Department
Declared To Be Character
lied by Unfai1.ness

later as chief Of the training div
sion of General Pc hing's STAFF
with the rank of brigadier general.
Now a major of infantry somewhere
N the South.
These examples could be mutt
pied by the hundreds. And yet 4
Washington on the General staff
nearly all the officers still retain
emergency rank of one to threc
grad above their actual rank.
THAT the army is not utterly
disorganlzed speaks volumes for is
inherent honesty and loyalty. hus
no organization under the sun can
stand such glaring evidences OK
favoritism and unfairness for an in
definite period.
And yet the Chief of Staff and the
Chief of General Staff. who are rec
sponsible for these injustices, go be-
fore Congress and urge promotion
~ SSfSStioii, osi ittE i1iil NliiiC III INC
past favoritism might have been
practiced, it could not occur under
present and future conditions. 'Oh,
duty, honor, country'-the motto
of West Point, and indeed the who's
army-what shameful daysl What
black ogres loom up in the future,
when the uneducated and unframed
in love Of country shall realize the
depths OF infamy to which some
have sunk, who for long years were
trained in thy meaning.
The Secretary of War has called
into conference some of the higher
officers of the army to attempt to
equalize this situation. They should
be able to work out the problem
and every friend of the army hopes
/ they Will be able to do So"
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

drawn, here are few Of those de-
noted from the grade Of brigadier
general, together with their present
rank, while there are hundreds, and
in some cases probably more than
q thousand officers, both regular
and emergency from civil life. who
still outrank the officers named.
Lieutenant Colonel C. W. Kutz, at
present Engineer Commissioner of
the District of Columbia, was gradu-
ated from West Point in 1898 near
the head Of his class. He served
with great credit and even distinc-
ton until the outbreak Of the World
War. He was sent to France in
July, 1917, and did such excellent
work with regiment Of American
ra lroad engineers back Of Verdun
that the French decorated him and
the United States made him a brig
adler general. On February S,
1918, he was denoted to lieutenant
colonel, which grade he still holds.
A Contrast
Contrast his case with that of
Colonel James G.. Steese, also of the
Corps Of Engineers, but who was
graduated from West Point in 1907,
fourteen years after Lieutenant
Colonel Kutz. Colonel Steese served
only in the United States in the Per
sonnel Division, first Of the Engi-
neer Department, but later in the
office of the Chief Of Staff. Colonel
Steese was given a Distinguish ed
Service medal and is still full
colonel. Then there is Colonel
John M. Wright, also Of the Corps
Of Engineers, who did not serve
outside the United States during
the war, but who remained full
colonel until he resigned, January
/, 1919.
"Major Leroy T. Eltinge, who
served throughout the war on Gen.
eral Pershing's staff, first on oper.
ations and then as brigadier gen
eral and Assistant Chief Of Staff OF
the A. E. F., with all the RESPONSE
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

intensity. The curious manner in
which earthquakes radiate from the
central point Of greatest disturb
ance until the shocks gradually lose
their intensity is a phenomenon Of
much interest. Sometimes taking
the form Of a huge spider, or often
spreading out in irregular directions,
the vibrations have been known to
whisk their way through the
earth's crust at the remarkable e
speed Of two miles second, so that
the shocks seemed to take place in
adjacent towns at the same moment.
Speed tests have often been made in
Central America and Japan, where
seismic disturbances are Of almost
daily occurrence. and the sensitive
needle Of the sesmograph Is kept In
constant motion by the trcmors that
pass unobserved bv Che people in gen
eral. Thourh different earthquakes
may travel over the identical
stretch of country they will have
variable speeds, anywhere between
several hundred and several thou
sand feet second, ard as a rule
the more intense shocks have the
greater velocity.
At the time Of large earthquakes
II is often observed that the sea. lakes
end even rivers have been thrown
into violent agitation, their waters
being raised or lowered, OF, II the
Gaze Of rivers their flow is stopped
altogether. as ~as The case with the
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

whose name has become that of one
Of the city's great free institutions.
Miss Wadleigh left her school on
Twelfth Street to become "lady su-
perintendent" (an Office which after
ward developed into that of the
modern dean) in the new institution,
and brought with her a large num-
ber of her own girls, who formed the
nucleus of the newly organized stu
dent body.
Thus in 1870 was opened the Nor
nal College Of the City of New York
consisting of 800 students just grad
uated from elementary school.
housed in temporary quarters on a
floor and q half on Broadway and
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

streams near Vera Cruz. Similar
conditions have been observed all
over the world, and even in almost
shock-proof England a quake near
S1!asgow caused temporary stop
page in the wide, deep waters Of the
River Clyde, but preceding this by
many years a series Of shocks dried
up the Thames to such an extent
that 1t could be crossed on foot at
London. 1t is noticeable feature
that rivers generally become exceed
ingly muddy after an earthquake.
yet this probably is explained by the
violent shaking suffered by the river
bed and consequent stirring up Of
this mud with the water. Some
wells and springs become dry, while
others in the same locality may have
an abnormal rise in water level, or.
in the case Of springs, they may
aftcrward spout only hot water.
Just as on land, seismic shocks are
taking place on the bottom of the
sea and it is generally these shocks
hat cause the enormous tidal waves,
such as the one following the great
Lisbon earthquake and probably the
comparatively recent ones at Gal
weston and Corpus Christi, Tex.
Though no shocks were felt before
these last huge waves that came to
American shores, The disturbance
that formed them may have hap
rrred far out at sea. In the region
of the Caribbean Sea thcss waves
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
justice Has Denoralzed the Army Saws Chamberlain

but that all would be corrected ~.
tore demobilization was comnleta
nese offlcers were drawing $50 to
Slo0 q month less paw than tbe,r
]uhlors-some junior by as much "a
nlhe1een years-and yet not great
deal OF complaint was made. hecausa
they thought the War Department
sincere in saying the condition wou)d
soon be corrected.
But was it corrected? TO the
everlasting shame Of the War De-
partment it must be said that no+
only has the condition been nm
changed, but the unfairness Of tho
demotions has been emphasized bv
still more unfair promotions.
To-day there are hundreds ~
regular majors and lieutenant COL
onels who served with the greatest
olstlnctlon on every field in France
who daily serve with Juniors who
outrank them by one or two grades
and who draw from $50 TO 500 more
pay month for doing work of far
less importance and responsibility.
And these older men are the ones
who have grown families to SUPPORT
and those other extra expenses that
come with advancing years and
growing acquaintance, Honesty an
talr dealing' To these men tho.
words are only mockery.
"The Chief of Staff in Februar
1919, refused to promote these d
noted officers so rs to put the
In their relative places in the arm
saying 1t was not the policy to ma
any promotions. But what the1
A little later the road was cleare
for promotions where the officer
were on work commensurate with
the increased rank Did the de-
noted brigadier generals profit bv
this? | have heard Of onlv two
instances, both in the office Of tho
Chief of Staff, Lieutenant Colonel
John W. Barker, who was promoted
to full colonel until he was relieved
from the office Of the Chief Of
Staff and ordered to the General
Staff College, when he was again
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
Washin gfon, D. c.

THAT the morale Of the army
csnno; long stand up under
l. the injustices being com
nit,ed in the matter Of de-
motions and promotions is the belief
# Senator George E. Chamberlain
of the Military Affairs Committee OF
The Senate Senator Chamberlain
5s, been one Of the frankest critics
II conditions in the army, and 1t was
n, that reason The Tribune asked
him for answer to the question:
"What is the matter with the
army"
One Of the explanations most fire.
ouently heard is that the pay is too
mall That is not the true one, or,
nther, not the fundamental one, ac-
eordine to Senator Chamberlain.
Asked just what the trouble was as
he saw it, the Oregon Senator made
he following statement:
"Whzt is the matter with the
ermy7 Why are so many officers
rdgning7 Why are there such
Ditter complaints about the army by
ths army officers themselves? Many
answers have been made, but the
most frequent one is that the pay is
TOO low. But is that the prime
rssson7 don't think so.
"The old army Of the sos and
9os was poorly paid, poorly fed,
poorly housed and existed under
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

G work of public school teachers.
hose who measured up to his stand
d were all too few in his opinion,
I'd the lack of teachers with proper
raining led him to the work of
Agher education for women.
Largely through his efforts nor
nal and high school for girls ("fe-
males was the way it was first
hrased), modelled on the boys free
academy, now he College Of the
City of New York, was established,
and Thomas Hunter was its first
president.
Associated with DR.. Hunter in his
new work was Miss Lydia Wade gh,
another public school principal
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
Since History Began

The terrific earthquakes felt in
these regions during June and
December, 1917, as well as
more recently, in January. 1918,
and April, 1919, are but a
repetition Of such disturbances
since history began to record them
after the coming of the Spaniards.
During these South American earth
Quakes the strata formations also
cause the great fssures in the ground
to open and close like giant mouths,
q phenomenon that is TO be seen
very seldom in other parts Of the
world, while the movcments Of the
earth under foot seem to take a
vertical and horizontal leap at the
same time Wafer levels in he wells
rise and fall VII h roar and the
sound Of rushing water is heard In
the air, the temperature of tn
water rises n-d in some instances
steam has been observed. Coming
almost with The frequency Of revo-
lutions, the tropical soil OF the Cen
trnl American states is kept in CON
stant upheaval by the violent forces
OF nature from beneath and the
steady tramp Of rcvolutionsts above.
znexe haa been much discussion
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

ponents to the change, but at
length the Legislature was won over
and on February 25. 1914, it passed
an act introduced by Congressman
Foley to amend the Greater New
York charter so as to change the
name Of Normal College to Hunter
College. DR.. Hunter lived to know
and enjoy the honor
The division CT the institution
into two separate and wholly dis
tinct departments, the college and
the high school, did not take place
until 1903. The college had had for
many years an elementary school
and a kindergarten. used Gas was
the high school after its inception)
for observation and practice teach
ing by the college girls.
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
recent earthquake disturb
b ances in the state Of Vera
Cruz, Mexico, have followed


the usual custom OF such
happenings by causing many odd in
cidents and peculiar changes in the
earth's crust Orizaba, The principal
volcano Of the district, has opened
a new crater, great fssures have ap-
peared on the surface Of the ground
in different localities, and while
some streams have dried up others
caused floods by overfiowing their
banks. Oil wells In the vicinity of
Tuxpam that heretofore required
pumping have begun to spout pc
troleum Of their own accord and
may in time develop into big gush-
ers. As the situation becomes better
known other curious vagaries Of this
most recent earthquake Of great
magnitude may be discovered, as
almost every disturbance of the kind
leaves queer traces Of it's visit.
Furth her south in the Central
American countries earthquakes are
Of such frequent occurrence that
Mother Nature has trouble in keep
ing the landscape in presentable ap-
pea rance, as the peculiar formation
Of tho earth's strata In those locali-
ties causes II TO slip In every con-
cejvable direction. This tendency
of the different strata 70 slide over
one another WAS the chief difficulty
. with which The Panama Canal en-
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
The First kindergarten

In the development Of the kinder
garten Normal was pioneer,
the first kindergarten Of the city
having been introduced under its
auspices as early as 1870. although
it had to be withdrawn, for lack %
public support, the following year.
But Dr. Hunter and one Of his
own graduates, Jenny p. Merrill.
did not lose their interest in the
new movement, and free kinder
earten was opened in 1880 by the
Normal College Associate Alumna,
in connection with the Normal Col
lepe (now Lenox HID Settlement
founded by that body
A series Of charts has been de-
signed by Miss Mary B. James, the
assistant registrar, and executed
by the art department. One Of these
charts shows the gradual increase
in length Of the course of study. At
first only three years long, it was
extended in 1882 to four years, in,
1892 to five. in 1903 to six, and in-
1905 to seven. since which time there
has been in existence the standard
college course of not less than I26
points biased upon four years Of
preparatory school work.. The
course includes 124 points and leads
to the regular B. A degree, which
was registered by the Regents Of
New York State in 1908 and is
recognized all over the country.
AS for the col ege's academic rec
ord, Phi Beta Kappa set the seal
Of its approval thereupon by award
ing a chapter to Hunter last Sep
tember.
Hunters graduates are respond
ing to the appeal Of the graduate
gift committee Of the associate
a'umne, which is raising sl50,00o
for the erection Of an alumna hall.
Forty thousand d,llars has been
raised ard Mrs. John r. Sim. chair
man Of the commit ee, believes ha
rest Of tie sum will be raised by the
time of the jubilee celebration.
Record of successive classes Is
fourd in the collection of class rings
and pins extending down TO 1914,
when the stard rdizcd college ring
was adopted he story is told Of
two little. lonely Red Cross workers
in France. each Of whom found a
friend in an utter s'ra~c~r ~ whose
finger she recognized tie coiiess
lrlnS.
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

from that Of brigadier general, Oc-
tober 81, 1919, and promoted back
to the grade Of colonel the next day
November /, 1919.
Lest you think this picture over
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

denoted to lieutenant colonel.
Also, the still worse case of the
Chef Of the Personnel in the office
division of the Chief Of Staff, who
was denoted to the grade Of major
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25
er College Shows the Evolution Education for Young Woe1

IMPOSSIBLE as it may appear,
both the pictures shown with
this article represent girls of
Hunter College attired for
gymnasium work The only differ
ence is that one picture is that of
to-day, the other was taken in 1870,
men gym work" was calis.henics.
Such contrasts as that Of the
early day gymnasium classes for
girls with our vigorous physical edu-
cation Of to-day furnish q COM
nentary Of feminine education.
Hunter College, as part Of its ff-
heth anniversary celebration next
month, has gathered material from
10 own archives and history that
shows the development and change
IN the education Of girls. Posters,
I'D commencement programs, class
rings and other college accessories
Will be exhibited at the Public
Library at Forty-second Street dur
ing the month of February.
Many features of this exhibit
may give the modern college girl
pause. As she strid-s into the
building in her low-hee.ed walking
'hoes. swinging her brief case, she
may stop for u moment TO smile at
Asr sisters of an early date pic
sared in tight basques and floor
ength skirts. Gently sister, pray"
Let her Of the free swing that be
tokens her freedom in educational
Choice remember that these same
prlm sirls she sees pictured so
Quantity before her were the van
guard in the struggle for general
EDUCATION Of women by which she
herself has obtained her advantages.
There are two divisions of the
uhibit TO be given, one relating TO
10 Associate Alumn9, unde- the di-
'schon of Miss Anna M. Hunter,
laughter Of Thomas Hunter. the
founder, and a graduate Of Hunter
soilege. and the other relating TO
10 college proper, under the direc-
Ton Of Dr.. Estelle Forchheimer
Nso Hunter alumna and professor
p" Psychology on the college staff.
10th exhibits will be at the Public
Library.
Historic Records
Various historic documents will
70" The development Of the college
"ssn Ito start, when an appeal 70
80 elementary students wss issued
"a 1910. followed shortly by the
'"acasion Of the Female Norma
'"3 nigh School at Fourth Street
veg Broadway, or March %.
''s Names of The speakers On thn
"'sfarn include those VI Isaac Bell
@ william Wood, two very stanch
s"os m ths college on the Board
4 Ioueation, and Jane. w. Gerard
amer m tho recen. Ambassador u
ssrm.ny.
"s1t In order comes the invitn
" tas dedication Of the us "
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

building, known as the "o}d" build
ing now. and the program of the
cornerstone laying, on March l9,
1873, when the principal address
was delivered by the then Governor,
John a. Dix. This "new" building
was designed by the artist-president
Thomas Hunter. himself. Its only
disadvantage was that it was far up
town, and that Hamilton Square, the
block it occupied (bounded by Park
and Lexington avenues, Sixty-eighth
and Sixty-ninth streets) was &C.
cessible in those days only by the
Third Avenue surface cars.
The subsequent documents for the
most part relate to the gradual ex-
tension Of the college course by sue
cessive acts Of the Legislature
Briefs prepared in favor Of these
various stages of the college develop
nent point out the need Of free
higher education Cor girls equally
with boys, and Of body of educated
women trained in the public schools
to play an intelligent part on the
Board Of Education, to which women
were beginning to be admitted.
New-York tribune., 1920-01-25

executive capacity through his work
as superintendent in the New York
City public schools DR.. Davis was
installed on May 4 date which the
students have celebrated ever since.