davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1920-03-01
Drahy op&tn& moci dfivej$ich majitelu
AMERICAN ZABIT IA REVOLTY
MA LITVE.
VOJENSKA VPOURA V KOVNE.

VarsaVa 29. unora. Ia pOsledni vojenske revoly V
kovne ma Lve zabt byl American enem Harris enz dobro
vone vstoup do tevske armady kter6 po n9koik
souzi jako instructor.
Londyn 90 unora. - Bezdrana depese Varsavy, sobo
nlho data oznamue ze voenska revouce Kovne ve
udala dine % lnora kdy nekok oddid domaha
zadrzeneho zodu Vojaci podncen boevickym agatory
Savl odepfeli posusnost zami sroin pusky vladn
budou ez bya obehana ako ceou naseduci den Sou
casne ostrelovao d6ostfelectvo drahy ine Cas
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1920-03-01
NOVE: VYJEDNAVANi MEZI ITAIIi A
JIE4OSLAVI.
DIE NAvRHU PREsIDENTA WILsoNA.

Iondyn 20. unora. - President Wilson posedni note
adriatickem probemu zasane spoencdm navrhue aby u
ponechano byo pn ade bezprostfedne sdcasnenym
statnm Jhosavi Itai dusedcch pfani havy Spoenych
Stat zde spoe6ne konferenc alsky predseda mi
nsterskeho kabnetu Ntt hosovansky zahrani6ni minr
Trumbit ehz poradu duzno povazovat pokraeovani
Pafz pferuseneho vyednavni Vsedek schize dosud
znam veejnost zprava ze porad6 bude
Nti vra koncem tydne do RI
ma eho pritomnost snemovne veice pofeba
vrati Sc vice do Londyna, ak ohasuje spojeny tsk.
Itaska delegace zvast pfijemne pfekvapena
nenovesm polky vyvolanym hrozbou Wisona ze
neschva tanou smouvu ondynskou kterou tan sbovao
vice nez bylo zadoucno otazkach tureckyh ruskych
nuie mez ali a spojenci dpna shoda.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1920-03-01
NEMCI v NASICH SIBIRSKYCH
PLUCiCH.

Prahy, d. 1nora (Post. zprava.) - S pukem Mistra
Jana Husi vra Ruka tez sty poGet N6mc pfi
mani by do sibfke teskosovensk6 amady z druh6 polo
vc roku 1918, kdyz dobrovoln6 pThla podepsa pro-
hlaseni z uznava Ceskoslovenskou repubku Tvofi ST.
brske armade m skupny VSichni byli cekosovensk6
made spokoeni, e mnoho psemnych dokladu nichz ie
zremo ze sou vdeGn Ceskosovensk6 armade e p
aa do sveho stfedu P nvratu do vast wall naS egion
pres skrovny odni proor ednu tretnu N6mcizaiata
bou odmenu ejich prac korektni chovanf.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1920-03-01
VADIVOSTOCKA VLADA POZA-
DUE VYDANi GEN. ROZANOVA.

Vladivostok 90 1nora Japansko bude pozadano, ably
vydalo geneaa Rozanova dfveho generanho guvernera
prmoske provnce jemz havnim mestem jest Vadivostok
Ma bS pohnan pred soud nyns vladou ably zodpovdal
cnu napachanych jeho fadovan Oznamuje tax ufedn
zpravodask agenura revoucnho vladnho zemstva zdem
meste.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
HIGHER VALUE OF PUREBREDs
Shown Most conclusively by Persons
Who Ares Disearding inferior
Stock of All Kinds.

Purebred sIres, so; purebred fe-
males, ia; crossbred females, 1852;
grade females, TOO: scrubs, none.
This Is the breeding of live stock on
Florida ranch just enrolled In the
"Better Sires-Better Stock" movc-
ment. The figures represent cattle,
horses, swine, sheep. goats, and poul-
try. There N noticeable tendency,
the United States department of agri-
culture states, for persons who use
purebred sires to acquire considera.
BILE number of purebred female stock
also.
The value Of domestic animals of
improved breeding is shown most con-
clusiveIy perhaps by the rapidity with
which persons who keep some good
and some inferior live stock dispose
Of the latter. The case mentioned il
believed to be typical Of this tendency.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
VOW SCIENTISTS I
EXAMINE SOILS
Survey Of important Work Of One
of Branches Of Department
=. Of Agriculture. ss
STUDIED VARIED ACTIVITIES
Bureau Took Active Part With Geo.
logical Survey in Nationwide
Search for Deposits of Nj
trates and Potash.

During tie twenty years Of its
existence the bureau Of soils, United
States department of agriculture, has
studied the chemical constituents of
the soils Of all parts Of the country. 1t.
has investigated these constituents
qualitatively and quantitatively, show
ing their relation to enc another and
to plants, their solubility and perma-
nency, and the manner of their func-
of alkaii-that condition arising where
soils contain an excess Of soluble salts
and devised methods for measuring
the content Of alkali In the field and
for eliminating It under field condi-
tons. 1t has studied hardpans, ex-
planned the manner of their formation,
and suggested the means of improving
lands affected with the different sorts.
These various activities have involved
the making Of thousands of analyses
and the devising Of much apparatus.
Public Given Advice and Counsel.
Advice and counsel Is given by the
bureau to the public on all matters
connected with soil chemistry. The
bureau has also investigated the phys
zeal properties Of soils. 1t has devised
apparatus for measuring the tempera-
ture of soils, the movement of water
and of air and other gases in soils.
The absorption of water, the extent
and rate of capillary action, the eff
feet of pressure on the concentration
Of. the nutrient solution. and on the
retention of that solution in the soil.
the relation Of soils to erosion, and
many kindred problems have been
worked upon.
The bureau has also worked upon
the problem Of the fixation of nitrogen
found in the afr i'm its experimental
factory at Arlington, much advance
having been made. Carried to It's logi-
cal conclusion this move will result
in supplying easily all the nitrogen
the country needs In agriculture and
industry.
Soil surveys have been made in all
the states of the union. The surveys
are of two kinds; detailed surveys on
the scale of one inch to the mile u.s.
uaIly covering county units, and re-
connoissance surveys much more gen.
eral In character, made on scales of
four to six inches to the, mile and
covering large areas. At the close Of
the last fiscal year an area of 331 ,4S7,
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
MINNESOTA BOY KNOWS PIGS
Fifteen-Year-oId Member Of Pig Club
Has Been Taken Into Partner
sA ship by Father.

The firm OF !. Kasper & Son, farm.
ers, is located In Medford, MINI. The
junior member of the firm, Valdmore
Kasper. is 10 years old. He has been
a member Of one of the pig clubs or
ganized by the United States depart
ment of agriculture and the State col.
lege for two years and knows a good
pig when he sees one. His father
like many wise fathers nowadays, has
taken his son into partnership with
him. The old idea of father keep
ing all authority entirely In his own
hands until he dies or is forced by
illness to turn 1t over to some one else
is slowly becoming thing Of the
past. Farm fathers are awakening to
the fact, that II they want boy to be
contented and to stay on the farm.
they can easily do It by giving him
share of Its responsibilities and
profits, as well as a share Of the
work. vs.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
JOiNTWORM FLIES DO
MUCH HARM TO WHEAT
Toll Of ! to 5 Bushels Per Acre
Exacted by Pests.
Experiments Show That Flowing Un
der stubbIe Is Effective Means Of
RI Combating Insects Other
Worms Are Injurious.

Insects to which farmers as well as
scientists have given comparatively lit.
tie attention. but which constitute Sc
rious menace to crops, are the joint
worm flies. One reason for popular In
difference to these flies. Is that para
sites have usually kept down their
number and only occasionally have
they been able 10 multiply sufficiently
to cause serious destruction. Though
the wheat jolntworm has been Viewed
with degree OF indifference, II often
exacts toll OF from one to five BUSH
els per acre. II II had not been for
the parasites which attack this joint
worm, farmers I'm the eastern states
would long since have been forced to
abandon wheat growing entirely.
According TO entomologists Of the
United States department of agricul-
ture, the menace Is serious enough to
call for more definite protective meas
ures than have been practiced. Exper-
iments indicate that blowing under
the stubble is an effective means OF
combating these insects. This de-
stroys all OF the insects II all of the
infested sta)be could be completely
buried. but this is practically impossi-
BILE. Nevertheless. it serves as an eff
fective means of control. While such
method would necessltate change
in the rotation Of crops where wheat
is used as a nurse crop for clover, mil
lions of dollars could be saved annu-
ally IL It should be adopted, In the,
opinion of experts.
IL the crop rotation were changed
and the stubble plowed under. It would
suppress not only the joint worm, but
also the Hessian fly. and thus two Of
the major insect pests of wheat would
be largely shorn Of their power to
harm our most valuable bread grain.
The barley joint worm. the rye joint
worm. and the rye straw worm I'M
doubtedly could he controlled In the
same manner. II necessary. The wheat
straw WORM Is very easy to control.
Since one generation Is almost wing
less 1t is only necessary to keep down
all volunteer wheat and never plant
wheat nearer than 40 to so yards TO In
tested sthbble. This allows wide mar
gin Of safety. since these insects do
not travel more than IL to Is feet, II
Is believed.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15

certain shipments, SO that each snlp-'
per having products of the same grade
will receive the same price. Failure
to adopt the pooling principle may re.
suit I'm injustice to some of the mem
bers, as experience has proved mors
than once. Conditions and practices
In grain marketing make the outright
purchase of members products feas-.
ible. but this does not usually apply
to organizations handling other COM
modlties.
Form OF Organization. =,
Farmers cooperative marketing as
sociations are formed with capital
Both forms have favorable features
which the bureau of markets will be
glad to explain to any interested per-
son. Another matter to which careful
attention should be given is the proper
financing of cooperative project.
The bylaws of the association should
be painstakingly drawn and should be
thoroughly discussed by the member
ship so that there Will be no misunder-
standing later. The question of incor-
porati0n Will also have to be decided.
While Incorporation is not necessary,
in most cases 1t is considered advis-
able. ( Unfortunately the state laws
for bodies of the character here dis
cussed are far from uniform. some Of
them making no provision for CO.
eratlve associations.
The above paragraphs serve only to
suggest some of the principal prob
lens that have to be considered In
forming a cooperative enterprise. Per
sons wishing to investigate this matter
further will find 1t profitable to COM
municate with the United States de-
partment of agriculture. which Will
supply them with literature contain
ing full discussion Of these and re-
lated questions.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
PQERQyaXEls


Sour milk. next to oats. is the most
important element in the growing
chicks ration.
II = coekerel IL caponized after four
months Of age. there is danger Of
death from internal bleeding.
Separating the spring pullets from
the cockereIs lnsures the puIIets a bet
ter chance to eat and grow.
The pouItryman who adopts sy--
tenn by which he Is able to pick out
his profitable hens Is the man who,
makes the most money out II the Issst
number Of foHlA $500.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
CORPORATIONS
CURE FOR EVILS
Marketing Organization Success
full Only When Formed on a
Sound Basis of Service.
SUCCEED BY TEAMWORK ONLY
Characteristics and Makeup Of Local
Population Should Be Considered
in Formation of Association
Other Essentials.

There is no magic about co-opera-
: dive marketing although in hundreds
of cases 1t has produced remarkable
results. Nor does it serve as cure
all for our present distribution prob
lens, though 1t has proved success
full remedy for many present evils.
There are $4,000 or more farmers CO.
operative buying and selling associa-
tons in this country bearing testimony
Ito the practlcability of the co-opera-
Tive principle, which is, In substance,
an economic adaptation of the old po-
blitical slogan ''In union there is
Sstrength."
1t is the desire of the United States
department of agriculture that per-
rsons interested in cooperative market
ling thoroughly understand the basis
F., of such organized effort and follow
the right methods. The bureau Of
5markets of the department of agricul-
ture, having made an extensive study
of this subject, is prepared to advise
with any group of farmers who want
to undertake buying-or selling-co-
operatively. A number &c require
ments must be met before prospective
co-operators can succeed.
In the first place the characteristics
and makeup of the local population
should be considered In the formation
Of cooperative marketing associa-
ton. A community which produces a
considerable quantity Of one product
DR. few products offers better oppor-
tunities for an undertaking of this
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
HINTS FOR BUILDING \
ICE HOUSE FOR FARM.
Erection Of Structure DEPENDS
Much on Local Conditions. ].
Size Of Building and Difficulty Of OBJ.
talning Ice Are Important Fee
tors-other Details,Must
Be Considered.

Construction of farm Ice house de-
ponds to great extent upon local con
ditions, the size Of the House, ana the
difficulty OF obtaining Ice. These fac
tors help to determine the sum that
may wisely be spent for such build
ing. Where Ice is expensive or hard
to obtain, better constructed and In
sulated and therefore more expensive
Ice house is advisable. Where natural
Ice can be harvested and stored
cheaply cheap structure Is usually
satisfactory and the loss from melting
Ice is small consideration.
The cost Of harvesting and storing.
the interest on the money invested,
and repairs and depreciation on the
building are to be considered In rela-
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15

mass, and II Is well to mix with 1t
some cornmeal, bran, or other ground
grain until the whole mass assumes
crumbly condition. The usual meth
cd is to feed the table scraps at noon
or at night, or at both times as may
be desired, in trough or on a board.
All should be fed that the hens will
eat up clean. Feed not eaten after
one-half or three-quarters of an hour
should be removed. If Allowed to re-
main II may spoil and will be very bad
for the hens.
Well to Feed Grain Also.
With the table scraps this may be
given best as light feed In the morn
ing. -Four or FIVE hndfuls OF grain
(about half pinD scattered in the Iits
ter, will be sufficient for flock Of 20
to % hens. If not enough good.
sound, substantial table scraps are
available to furnish full feeds both at
noon and at night, another feed of the
grain mixture should be given at the
night feed and should consist Of as
much as the hens will. eat up clean.
A good grain mixture for this purpose
z is composed of equal parts by weight
Of wheat. cracked corn, and oats An
other suitable grain mixture is COM
posed of two parts by weight OF crack
ed corn and one part oats.
IN addition to the grain and the ia
BILE scraps It is well to feed dry
mash. This dry mash Is composed of
various ground grains and is placed In
a mash hopper or boxsfrom which the
hens can help themselves. The adj
vantage Of feeding such mash lie
that the hens always have access TO
feed, and this tends to make up for
any faulty. inexperienced, or insuffi-
Client feeding.
4 The. hens should have access Mt all
|. times 70 supply Of grit or stones of
a size small enough to be swallowed
readily "A supply OF ordinary gravel
will answer the purpose Of grit very
veil. Crushed oyster or clam shell
also 4jloud % given 70 the hens and
be kept before them'at all times. II
this is withheld the hens are likely to
lack sufficient shelI-forming material
IN their feed. with the result that they
ley ,many soft-sheIlea o. thin-shelled
yoRkN.-x ~ ,l,tt !. a.. .1..r b. . ", vi ~ y
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
WELCOME SOURCE Of
PIN MLaEY IN SUMAC
Many Tons of It Allowed to Go to
Waste Each Year.
Plant Can Be Gathered and Cured Any
Time During Summer and Mar
keted Whenever Convenient
Bonus Given for Leaves.

The demand by manufacturers for
American sumac this season totals
500 to 700 carloads. or from 5000 to
1000 tons, according to information
received by the United States depart
ment of agriculture. The price ranges
around 50 hundred pounds for sumac
delivered at the shipping point or at
the extract factory.
Country people should find a ready
market this year for all the sumac
they can gather. Being wild plant,
sumac costs nothing to raise, and the
many tons of 1t allowed to remain I'M
gathered each year can be readily
turned into profit. The sumac season
lasts about three months. Unlike
berry and other crops, sumac does not
have to be harvested all at once. 1t
can be gathered and cured from time
to time throughout the summer and
marketed when large enough quanti-
ties have been collected.
In addition to offering higher prices
this year, several manufacturers are
willing to pay bonuses for sufficient
quantities Of clean, bright, well-cured
sumac leaves, containing not more
than 10 per cent of stalk. BY proper
ly gathering and curing the sumac. the
gatherer can make more money and
will help to establish more firmly the
domestic sumac industry, which
through development and expansion
should provide welcome source of
income and employment in normal
times. M
Gather only the black or dwarf
sumac, which can be easily distin-
guished from the other varieties by
the peculiar wing growth along the
leaf stems and by tho brittle, black
specked stalk. In some sections the
white sumac is also gathered, but II
generally brings lower price, as all
manufacturers prefer the black va.
riety. Harvest during July, August
and September. Break the sumac stalk
Off close up to the leaves just under
the lowest leaf stem, or, better yet
gather only the leaves and leaf stems
Do not collect long bare stalks, rs this
produces low-grade. iow-priced sumac
Cured sumac ready for market should
contain very little stalk, never over %
per cent. If a good bit Of stalk has
been gathered with the sumac II can
be easily removed by failing and fork.
ing out after the sumac has been
cured and Is ready for bagging. Dc
not gather red or yellow leaves, OF
berries and bloom. The bloom will
ruin good sumac. AS soon as the
sumac has been gathered, place II In
the shade or under cover. Exposure
TO the sum for an hour or two may dc
no harm, but the pulled sumac. should
never be left all day IN the sun, as II
will quickly scald and be ruined In
color. Never let the gatheFed OF
cured sumac become wet from either
dew or rain. At the end of the days
gathering. i.aul or carry the sumac "a
q barn or cover. Spread It on clear
floor or on sacks in layers not over
III feet deep and turn II once or twice
day until thoroughly dry and crisp
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15
OATS ARE ECONOMICAL CROP
Not Generally rs Profitable az Some
Other Grains, but Needed In
Good Rotation.

It Is sound farm business to. sell
some crops for cash. Farm manage
ment surveys have shown that the
safest and soundest practice Is TO
have about one-f1fth of the total re-
ceipts on the farm come from sale Of
crops. The other four-fifths will come
from the sale of live stock or live
stock products. y
The crop that can usually be sold
for cash most economically Is oats.
Oats are not generally as, profitable a,
crop to grow as some others, hut a
good rotation needs this small grain in
it. 1t makes very satisfactoryfcon-
Meeting link between the cOrhi crop
and the hay crop. Corn. II sold as a
cash crop, makes a larger return TO
the acre. but corn can usually be fed
more profitably; than 1t can be sold. for
cash.. It Is ordinarily a cheaper feed
than oats. Hence, II any crop Is to
be sold. it should be the oats. ~
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15

300 acres had been surveyed In detail
and 800, 100000 acres on a, reconnois-
sance basis. These surveys involve
the identification and classification Of
the many types of soils found in vari-
Gus parts of the country, a study OF
their agricultural value, and de-
termination Of their relation to the
various Crops and systems of agri-
culture
Advancement Of Agriculture.
The results of the soil survey work
form basis for the logical advance
ment of agriculture through expert
mentation of scientific workers In all
Its varied lines. @
The land classification work of the
bureau is done In cooperation with
the forest service and other depart
ments of the government. and has for
its purpose the exclusion, from the
national reserves. Of lands that are
suited for agriculture. .s
An interesting special Investigation
in connection with the potash supply
has to do with the extraction of this
salt from the giant keip Of the Pa
cific coast. A fully equipped factory
has been operated at Summerland,
California, for the last two years, and
thousands Of dollars worth Of potash
has been sold 70 the. fertilizer trade or
direct to farmers. - y
y The plant win be Operated during
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1920-10-15

sort than one which produces little
of several different products. One adj
vantage of joint effort arises from the
handling of relatively large quantities.
Unfortunately some groups of farmers
have tried TO form marketing associa-
lions without having sufficient vol
ume of business and they have failed.
Loyalty to Cooperative Idea.
IF the existing marketing agencies
In the community-whether for grain,
wool, fruit. garden produce, or what
ever the line contemplated for CO.
lucrative selling-are efficient and rea-
sonably adequate. and If the farmers
I'm the community feel that they are
being served satisfactorily by these
private concerns 1t is doubtful If CO.
operative organization will succeed.
But IL the existing private agencies
are Inadequate and If the farmers can
be made to see the saving that viii
result to all concerned If they unite
heartily in an association, then there
Is n good chance of winning. But the
co-operative principle must be adhered
to. Members of an organization sup
posed 10 be cooperative cannot be ex-
pected to have a vital interest In
project which is really operated for
the profit of and controlled by few
individuals.
Many persons do not have a clearly
defined idea of what a cooperative
organization Is. The term "co-opera-
tive" is often used rather loosely.
Where concern is operated for the
profit of the persons investing capital
in It and seeking dividends on Its cap
itai, the undertaking is nonco-opera-
tive. On the other hand. In CO.
operative marketing or selling organi-
cation each member usually has one
vote Tin q homeopathic concern the
votes are in accord with the money In
yested) so that one or few members
will not control Its operations. IL is
conducted to render service and effect
savings for the members and not to
earn profits for distribution as divi-
dends on the money invested. To be
sure, fair rate of interest Is granted
to capital invested by the members
and the balance of any surplus to be
distributed is divided in accordance
with patronage; that is, the amount OF
business transacted with the organiza-
tion. ~ y, ~
~ Essentials to Success.
Contracts between the members and
the organization whereby they agree
/. to market certain products through Il
are vitality important in many in
stances, especially in the case of asso-
Citations handling perishable products.
The Michigan Potato Growers ex-
change, the California Fruit Growers
exchange and many other successful
organizations follow this plans
The pooling Of products sold through
The organization Is also an important
feature. BY pooling Is meant averag-
ing fiie returus receiyed for products
eold turing Z certain period. or fol