davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

dltions women in. large numbers are
taking part in it. Glistening blacks
carrying gear to be used by their
masters in the digging, soldiers of
fortune from odd corners of the
globe, phlegmatic Beers from South
African colonies, alert, keen Wis.,
aged representative of the diamond
interests, and a host of restless
spirits In whom the World War has
not destroyed the desire for dan
gerous undertakings are taking up
favorable positions for the rush.
"Tlaring or Bust"-or a slogan
- that effects the cry heard above
the babel Of excited tongues.
1t Is long way from Kimberley
to the cabarets and the white lights
Of New York, but keen interest.
nevertheless, has been aroused by
the accounts of these activities.
Among the big diamond dealers
along Fifth Avenue and the cutters
in the Maiden Lane district there
Is, as has already been suggested,
disposition to receive the reports
With conservatism. ThiA is not the
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

tinued to be found in the rough wire
meshing of the screens, the Beers re-
fused to become greatly excited, leav-
ing most Of the work to the natives.
who belonged to no unions and could
be hired for very small wages.
Some Of this indifference vanished
however, when a still more remark
able discovery was made in Septem-
Der, 1870, on the farm of Adrian ].
Van Wyk at Dortsfontein. It is here
that the famous Dutoitspan mine is
located. Prospectors entering upon
the tract found diamonds near the
surface Of the ground all about the
>house, many having long been care
lessly kicked about under the heels
OF the farmers, who did not dream
they had any value.
AS the sharp-eyed diamond seekers
continued to swarm in upon the land
many stones were found under a
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Jays of ~ Being Outdone by African Diamond Rus

much Importance to the wors -,
the United States" said Mr. w au
Wezel, "because of the large amon'a ~
spent annually FOR diamond.
cording to the latest statemen. :. :.
the De Beers company, the outnr. =
year has reached $50, 900, 900. Ths.s
is, Of course, no way of anticinat;.
what is to take place and no ono aa
say how big the yield from the 49," 80
field will be, but personally I hss
the optimistic predictions win r
fulfilled.
''It is true the price of diamoa.
has increased greatly in reo.ss
years. For example, when our g..
established a branch in New VI
twenty-five years ago the STOW.
sold at from $50 to $100 a carr, ;.
cost about $18 a carat to cut tbs,.
Now the cost of cutting is sas :
carat, but there is not so much pros.
as might be supposed, because in ~.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

exercise of our citizenship at all
places where elections are held"
What could be sweeter? The right
to vote anywhere, any time, and free
transportation to and from the ball
lot box. Doubtless it was an over
sight, and at the next convention the
transportation demand will he
amended to include drawing rooms
for workers bound across the conti-
nent on such momentous undertake
ings.
Scratch house" conditions In the
flop houses in Baltimore were con-
demned in an unanimous convention
protest. With a sublime Indifference
to the scarcity Of news print "Hobo
News" refers to them as "cheap Aon
houses" The rest of the resolution
was as follows:
I'VE (the delegates) call on the
Health Bureau of the city to get on
the job and compel these doss houses
to operate up to the standard that is
necessary for the health of those
who are forced to live in them. They
are filthy, unventilated, unsanitary
and, recognizing the fact that medi-
cal authorities have stated that
cooties, bedbugs, etc. 1.-THE editor of
Hobo News" condensed a para
graph in "etc." that time], are the
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
The Worlds Best Fishing

I climate is one Of protracted dry
spells by saying that the winds that
come in from the sea were cold when
they arrived, suddenly were trans
formed to warmth by The land, and
therefore expanded and drew up all
the moisture in the vicinity. This,
he said, might be little known, but
was the real explanation.
II investigated ocean tempeta-
lures, took soundings, measured cur-
rent velocities and investigated
fisheries conditions" he said.
And here he hesitated moment
and added:
"Whdt an opportunity for the
United States, at least for those
persons here interested in the fish
cry industry. A little American en-
terprise and the arranging for rights
to establish organized fisheries along
those coasts down there would yiela
great amounts of money, / am sure
Fish could be sold to the Peruylans
themselves and could be exported
to all parts of the world, and, py
the way, there is no better fish fof
eating in the ocean than off the
coast Of Peru"
He said that throughout that vaH
coast line there was not one organ
lied fishery. And fish are so abdn
dant beneath the surface that they
actually tumble over one another
he said.
You may have thought when you
saw a flock Of fifty or hundred
birds flying about together on one
OF your vacations in the county
that you were .beholding something
unusual. Not at all Listen to MI
Murphy tell his bird story:
"One day l saw and photogrs pne'
100000 birds of the same specia
IN a single flock in the Guano is'
ands. It was difficult to see the la
edge of them, and | couldn't nass
walked among them without crssn'
ing them. They fly over the wa1en
OF the South Pacific, particulav
off Peru, until they actually darker
the skies"
Mr.. Murphy lauded the PeruSls'
government for its care and pIu
lection of its industrially importsn
birds, and said the President OF W
country himself gave him muca =
slstance, lending hinf steam traw'en
and launches with which to make ny
way over the ocean off Peru. n
was accompanied only by
ruvian assistant and chemist, apS
carried food enough to last yes'
did you encounter many stolnn
at sea?" he was asked.
mot one," was his reply. IL
waters off Peru are the quietest 3
any place in the world because
the steady southerly winds. :
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
T IS like reading again of the
wonders that lurk beneath the
I waves in Blasco Ibanez's "Mare

waves in Blasco Ibahez's "Mare
Nostrum" to spend an hour
talking with sun-tanned, hard-fsted
clear-eyed Robert Cushman Murphy,
thirty-three years old, curator for
the Department Of Natural Science
of the Brooklyn Museum and ex-
plorer of note, who has just returned
from a six months adventure and
scientific expedition for the museum,
making Investigations in the mystic
rious Humboldt Current along 500
miles Of the Peruvian coast, as well
as fifteen groups Of the Guano
Islands.
Going back into this young mans
record, one finds that the trip which
ne has just made into these little
visited waters is not the only one of
his career. AS long as six years ago,
when he was only twenty-seven
years old, he explored different parts
of the Antarctic, going as far as the
Weddell Sea, and making surveys in
oceanic zoology in different parts of
the world.
But in his latest sojourn he has
found, he declares, the richest field
for research, and he says that in
the cold waters of the Humboldt
Current, off the western coast of
South America, there is a greater
abundance of animal, fish and plant
life than in any other water area in
the world. He has brought back
to New York fifteen large cases and
bags and boxes filled with skins and
skeletons and drawings, among which
he expects to find, after a careful
inspection and comparison, very
many species of fish and bird and
plant that heretofore never have
been known to exist.
"The water of the Humboldt Cur
rent" he said, "is uniformly cold
Tor l,oOO miles along the coast. so
that the temperature at the north
end of Peru near the equator is
just as low as it is in central Chile.
The current is the cause for this
In cold water there is always an
abundance Of fish. So in this case
there is an astonishing abundance
OF fish and other forms Of life"
He said that bird life in this re-
g1on was more abundant than in anv
other place in the world, and de-
clared he had seen more beautiful
types and species Of ocean birds On
his trip than he had ever hoped to
see.
In referring to the Guano birds
predicted that the industry grow
ing out of their existence in tho
islands was destined to become tho
greatest Of any in that country He
explained the fact that the Pernv;.r
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

| had been exhausted, that the swarm
Of adventurers thought of going
further down.
This was notably true in the case
Of the second find on the farm which
produced Dutoitspan. This ground
had been gone over repeatedly to a
depth of perhaps two feet and had
been abandoned as exhausted before
any one thought to see if anything
else lay underneath.
One finally came along who pos
sessed the proper degree of inquisi-
tiveness, with the result that his pick
sank into substratum of soft lime
stone which could be crushed with
blow of the shovel, but which con-
tained more wealth than had been
found on the surface.
Diamonds, But No Water
Meantime diamonds had also been
found on the De Beers farm at
Vooruitzigt, two miles from Dutoit-
span, and two months later another
mine was uncovered on the same
tract. A kopje, or hill, on this tract
had been twice searched by prospec-
tors without success and it was
about to be given up when it's value
became known through an accident.
A we'll was sunk on the property,
but no water was found. Finally,
when the shaft had reached a depth
of seventy-six feet, diamond
weighing eighty-seven carats was
brought to the surface and the
search for water quickly gave way
to one which promised more wealth.
The stream Of incoming adven-
turers soon began to include arrivals
from Australia, India and China.
and these were followed by ardent
spirits from California, Canada and
Eastern Atlantic states. After them
came men from other remote parts.
until every region Of the civilized
world was represented.
The undeveloped gold fields of
California had witnessed wonderful
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

of the present rush, the procession
was marked by it's unique character
and by the different types of ad-
venturers who took part in it. Every
sailing ship and steamer touching
at South African ports brought it's
quota of fortune hunters. Some had
good outfits and supplies, being fair
ly we'll provided with money, but
others had barely been able to
scrape together the price of pas
sage. Seamen deserted their ships
to get to the diamond fields, just as
others of their calling had done in
the gold craze in California. They
swarmed over the mountain terraces,
scrambled up steep ravines, swan
rivers, and endured countless hard
ships to get to the diamond fields.
AS one writer put it, "Asia, Afri-
ca, Europe and America boiled over
into a hodge-podge of humanity
which splashed upon the diamond
studded heart of South Africa"
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
are focking

the outside. Inquiry Of the farmer
brought the careless reply that it
was "only bright pebble that had
got mixed with the cement" but
the overseer was not satisfied, and
digging the object free sent it to an
expert in jewels for examination.
The "pebble' proved to be diamond
of large size and was sold by the
overseer to a Dutch diamond firm
for several thousand dollars.
Another story of the way the first
find was made was that an observer,
while visiting farm adjoining Built
fontein, noticed some children play
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07


covering Of soil SO thin it needed onlv
an ordinary fall of rain to be
washed away, and others, worth
thousands, lay exposed on the
ground, the searchers only having to
stoop to pick them up.
Values of land began to mount
dizzily, and the real rush of adven-
turers began. The first arrivals
merely skinned the surface, think
ing that nothing of value would be
found deeper down, and it was only
after the upper layers had been
combed several times, and the pros
pect of gaining riches by easy means
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Kimberley Not Yielding


1t must not be supposed that Kim
oerley was the only big producer
discovered in South Africa. AS a
matter of fact, that mine is not yield
ing at all at present, the bulk of the
supply coming from Dutoitspan, the
Premier mine, Jagersfontein and the
pits in what was German South
Africa.
The output from all these is CON-
trolled by the syndicate comprising
De Beers Consolidated Mines. ltd
which not only determines how MANY
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

men," as they were called. arrived,
bringing modern methods of exploi-
tation and development. Machinery
took the place of hand implements,
settlements sprang up and life be-
came less difficult and. of course,
less picturesque. Cecil Rhodes be-
came overload Of the diamond fields
and the industry passed into its
modern phase of DEVELOPMENT.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

diamonds are to be placed on the
market, but which decides what per-
centage Of the whole is to be pro-
vidcd by each mine. Thus, of the
entire output, it was recently deS
cided by this syndicate, 81 per cent
is to come from the De Beers mines,
18 per cent from the Premier mine,
10 per cent from Jagersfontein and
FL per cent from the Southwest Pro-
tectorate.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Hoboes Demand More Lenient Laws

VT PSYCHOANALYSIS is ac.
complished by timing and re-
cording the patients verbal re-
actions to a list of selected
words, why shouldn't it be possible
to conduct these tests en- masse. max
ing the analysis of gatherings from
the resolutions they adopt? There
are difficulties that would initiate
against accuracy, but
At the recent convention of
"tramps" IN Baltimore, according to
an account of the proceedings in
"The Hobo News" the assembled
blanket stiffs," "Aoaters," "cats"
and "wobblies," by which terms
hoboes are known in different parts
Of the country, adopted resolutions
calling for the abolishment of capital
punishment, chain gangs and kanga-
roo courts.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

first place, a carat and a half is
wasted in producing each carat.
81 say l hope the new field is all
that is predicted because I'd like to
see the supply replenished. In recent
years we have, so to speak, been con.
stantly taking out of the bag with.
out any means of restoring the con.
tents. From what was German
South Africa come the smaller
stones and virtually the only source
for the larger kind is the old field
in South Africa.
''The De Beers syndicate will pro.
tect the dealers against sudden
losses by regulating the supply ana
you may be sure that the new field
Will be included in the combination
if it becomes desirable or necessary
to include it."
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Rhodes Became Overlord

Many of those incidents are being
recalled now when another rush is
being organized. Shoveling under
a burning sun is no easy task, but
the prospectors endured it willingly.
Somewhere in those wastes might be
another Kohinoor or a Great Mogul
and one mans chances Of a lucky
find were as good as any others. So
they delved and sweated and en-
dured, exposing themselves alike to
the whip of the African storms, the
blast Of the hot wind and swirling
clouds of cutting, binding sand in
the hope Of acquiring sudden riches.
Finally, of course, the "moving
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Prices Won't Fall

These percentages were estab-
lished by the selling agency 80 as to
control the market and, of course,
prices, and it remains to be seen
what effect, if any, the new field
will have on the combination. Joa-
chin Van Wezel, member of the big
John Street diamond cutting firm,
does not believe it will have any,
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
NHE colorful scenes Of the old
Kimberley days are being
reenacted in South Africa.

Kimberley days are being
Il reenacted in South Africa.
Over the trails men, and
even women, with prospector's
kits on their backs, are passing to-
ward what they believe to be new
Golconda, and soon, it is predicted,
there is to be crush" such
as has never been witnessed before
The greasy red shakos of natives
following in the footsteps of their
stolid Boer masters are again seen
on the hills. The full plumage of
Zulu veterans, resplendent in wav-
ing feathers and cleaning earrings,
is again a familiar sight on the
roads, and once more, as in the old
days, there is a mighty hubbub and
stir from the Cape to Zambesi and
from Mozambique to the Congo.
The discovery of new diamond
field, not far from the great Kim
berley pits themselves, is the cause
of the excitement. In New York
the reports Of the richness of the
field have been received with eau
ton, the experts waiting to 'be
shown" before passing Judgment,
but on the Dark Continent, it would
appear. there is no question.
AS If springing from the earth, a
new generation Of unique charac-
ters such as were familiar enough
fifty years ago when the first rush
took place, but which were thought
to have disappeared forever, has
been quickened into life at the call
of adventure.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
An Evil Name

ROM the four corners Of the earth IN quest of sudem
acealth ore huryg to the diamond fields of South
Africa They he IN a0oteress treeZess qa2neess 2uaste
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Already ON the Move

Although the field is not to be
declared open for digging until
March 20 next, the brood of hardy
souls already has begun throwing
up jobs In all parts of Africa, Asia
and Europe so as to be on hand for
the stampede.
For the first time in such expe-
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Demand Free Rides

Still another resolution read:
"Resolved, That we call for free
transportation for all migratory
workers to and from the job"
The resolution didn't say who the
'boes should call on, but in another
resolution they resolved that "this
convention goes on record as de-
manding special legislation for the
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

ing with what they thought were
shiny stones," but which, upon ex-
l'ert scrutiny, were discovered to be
diamonds of first quality.
The next discovery of Importance
was made on the farm Of Jacoba
Magdalina Cecilia Wiser. This farm.
called Jagersfontein, had for over
seer a man named De Klerk, who,
in walking along a little stream run
ming through the place, noticed sew
eral small 2arnets mixed with peb-
bles Of agate in the bed of the creek.
Recalling the stories he had heard of
diamonds being picked up, he began
prospecting, and one day in August,
1870, while awkwardly sitting the
dry gravel in a common wire sieve.
he found a diamond weighing so
carats.
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07

bearers Of bubohic plague and other
contagious diseases, and as the citv
is in daily risk of incurring an out
break Of disease from this source
and as the health of the city and
the comfort Of those whose earning
power compels them to flop in these
joints are concerned, we appeal to
the public Of this city to impress on
those authorities who supervise
these places the necessity of doing
their evident DUTY"
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
The Rush Begins

The news spread quickly, and
Nine. Visser's neighbors focked to
the farm. The thrifty widow per-
mitted them to dig on her premises,
but charged each $40 a month for
doing 80.
For several months prospecting
went on in casual fashion, the
phlegmatic Beers sitting by while
their native helpers sifted the gravel
end dug shallow pits, but as the news
of additional finds spread, more pros
pectors arrived, many in canvas
covered wagons such as were seen
during the rush of the god miners
to California. The peaceful vicinity
about Bultfontein was dotted with
tents erected by the prospectors for
themselves and their families. the
early scenes suggesting country folk
at picnic. Although diamonds con-
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Uphold Martens

There was another resolution with
broad international viewpoint de-
mandlng the freedom of Ireland. and
one supporting Ludwig C. A. K
Martens in his efforts to prevent
himself and coworkers "from beino
shanghaied from the United States -
and demanding that he be accorded
all the privileges which should be his
as ambassador from the Soviet oov.
ernment of Russia.
Resolutions dealing with economic
subjects called for a shorter work
day, and in this one the Infamous
sab cat" of the I. W. W. showed
Its claws, or as some might saw.
clause, for this is it:
Cooperate with every organiza-
ton functioning 'on the Job at all
times when they demand the shorter
work day."
That means sabotage, in the Ian
guage OF the "wobbly."
New-York tribune., 1920-03-07
Adventures Pouring Into the
Desert North of Kimberley.
Lured by Precious Gems

first time rumors of new finds have
been heard, and in the past the ex-
pectations were not always realized.
But on the other hand, New York
is the first diamond buying city in
the United States, if not the world,
and it is recognized that anything
that affects the market is bound to
have an important influence here.
So, among the women at least, who
are the chief benefciaries of the
millions spent annually for these
precious gems, close attention is
being paid to the developments in
the "tip" of the Dark Continent.
But so far little that is authorita-
tive has come across the waters as
to the character of the country where
the diamonds are said to have been
found. Such information as is to be
had places it either at the edge of,
or within, the Kalahari desert, a
"waterless, treeless and gameless
waste" near Taungs, in Bechuana-
land, about 100 miles north Of KIM
berley. On one side, to the East, is
the Transvaal Colony, and on the
other is what was German South
Africa before the war, but which
is now the Southwest Protectorate.
An Evil Name
Persons who have been there give
it an evil reputation. 1t is, it would
appear from their reports, a region
of great hardships and sudden dan
gers. Devoid of vegetation, it af-
fords few places of shelter for the
traveller. In the rainy seasons it is
subject to sudden storms of almost
unbelievable fury and in the dry
periods to endless stretches Of ter
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1920-11-01
GlOsujcie Jutro Ma
JOSEPH A. TRANDEL
Reprezentanta u Dystryku
-IOrHN
z BOSTON, MASS.

- J6zef Wylzciewicz Z pod no.. 6O2
Dorchester III, W South Boston, idae
przez ulice, spotxal dw6ch ~nieznanych
sGbie Iudzi, kt6rzy mu pokazai wiel-
ka pake pieniedzy i zapewnih naiwne-
90, ze maja Swietny interes do zroDie-
MIA, ably vice wziaI ich pieniadze /
xlozyl razem re swemi wyjetemi z BAN
ku l przyni6s1 je z powrotem, gdzie
sic spotkaja przy wejspiu do tunelu-
Pan wykciewicz wyja{ Z banku swo-
je $500 / Eawinal pieniadze W chu-
stec5ke razem z ~pieniedzmi, jake mu
podaH nieznajomi, zabrdt to vszystko
do domu mial sic z mimi spotkac "a
godzine. Gdy ~przyszedl do domu, roz-
what chustke i zamiast swych picnic
dry oraz pieniedzy nieznajomych, INA
laz{ paczke pustego papieru bez war
toSci. Policya ~poszukuje oszust6w.
- Jak donOsZa amerykanSde pisma
tutejsze, niejaki Aleksander S. Kotar-
ski Z Lynn, Mass, wlceprezydent kor-
poracyi Luxus Automobile Company,
kt6rej biuro znajduje sic PREY Massa-
chusetts ave-, zosta& wezwany przez
sedziego Dubuque Z wyzszego sadu kry
minalnego<na pOwiat Suffolk, jake o.
skarioHy o podawanie faiSzywych l
pr~zesadzouych szczeg&6w W oSioSze-
mach o ,~.korporacyi ola Obrabowania
ludzi jake urzednfk tel korporacyi.
Kotarski twierdzi. re jest niewin-
nym I zostal wy~puszczony ma wolnoSc
do rozpraws 20 zlozeniu kaucyi $4,000.
OSkarzenie przeciw KOtarSkemu
wni6sl asystent prokuratora general
nego Hurwitz. Oskarzenie to twierdzi,
re kOrporaeya LuxUtS Company osSasza
Ia ma sprzedaz akcye swe twierdzac,
re MA koncesye na ~prowadzenie linii
transPortowSeh W Polsce przy pomo-
y automobil6w I omnibus6w.
= Akcye te, jak twierdzi ogioSzenie.
sprzedawano gl6wnie Polakom, a PREY
~sprZedazy o~dwolywano sic do uczuc
patryotycznych.
Sprawl ia wzbudziis niezmierne "a
f~ntereSowanie " kolach tych, kt6rzy
kUpili akcye tel korporacyi, z drugiej
zaS Strony dowodzi ona, ze wiadze ma
reszcie p~cstanowily zabrat sic do ba-
dania tych nieuczciwych korporacyt,
kt6re W ostatnich czasach miliony do
lar6w zebraly wSr6d polSkiego ludu.