Evening star., 1920-01-18
ARTICLE VII.
BY RAY STANNARD BAKER.

unbroken front. 1t is torn by
factions, has no one program
or any undispuated leadership. 1t
has no unity.
But neither does the employers
side present an unbroken front. Here
also there exist wide differences OF
policy and program. an outline OF
which will lead to a clearer under
standing OF the present industrial
controversies.
Probably Judge Gary is today the
outstanding representative of the
more conservative group Of employ
ers-the right wing. He, too, like
Gompers. who typifies the more con-
servative group of organized labor,
finds himself under attack.
Judge Gary does not quite belong
to the great group of industrial pio-
neers: Carnegie, Rockefeller. Frick;
hut he represents in general their at
titude toward labor-the old tradition.
He came in later. He was not steel
master; he was the man OF finance
whose purpose it was to develop and
conserve.
Gets vivid Impression.
There was something magnificent
about these pioneers; they were big,
free men. They had imagination. In
a new America they had an unsulhed
canvas, and they painted with
comets tail. One who visits the city
of Gary gets a vivid impression OF
10 WhiNh thew
worked. Thirteen years ago there
was nothing here but, wilderness OF
sand dunes: and today a city OF $4,000
people. don't know whether 1t was
Judge Gary or some other, but con-
slider going there thirteen years ago.
and standing. let us say, upon one OF
the low hills overlooking the wide'
gray lake and saying:
"Over there I will build my mills; |;
there shall run the main street OF my
CITY: there I shall encourage churches
and schools. This spot of infertile sand
] will cover with soil; will water it,
/ will plant trees. This shall be my
park, where all my people may enjoy
themselves" ~
Think, moreover. Of having both the
power and the money-unlimited mil
lons-to create the city and the mills
there planned, and to see that creation
succeed
Well, these were genuinely bieg men
and they did ., great work. There was
something cosmic about the way they
dreamed. the way they built. the way
they accumulated money. and the way
they have given It away. Frick. dying
the other day, left $117,0oo.oo0 to the
American people.
Sense Of Self-ConAdence.
The very boldness and success with
which they created and built gave all
the men Of that generation an extraor-
binary sense Of authority and self-con-
fidence. In visiting many Of the offices
of the Steel Corporation I found one
motto, printed upon cardboard. upon the
wall. It somehow expressed the spirit
Of the place :. indeed, the very spirit of
American industry. and these were the
confident words: 1T can be done"
Like so many of these early men,
Judge Gary came up from the bottom.
He was born on farm in Illinois,
where as boy he worked twelve hours
q day-as he relates when the twelve
hour-day in the steel mills is discussed !;
he was a lawyer. a judge and finally a
great financial and industrial organizer,
the head today Of the greatest corpor-
alton in the world. with more power over
the lives of human beings than many
a king. A magic career!
Finally Crushed Union Labor.
These earlier men all dealt boldly
not only with material, but with men,
They were strong individualists. They
did not confer, or cooperate, or
teach: they dictated. 1t was the way
of the times. They fought union la
Dor when they could, dealt with it
when they must and finally crushed
it. But in these days if a workman
did not like the management, or the
management like him, he could and
did get out. But then there was always
place for him to go; there was al
ways the west. and more or less free
land and free opportunity. The rest
left the ranks of the workers, where
as in Europe, there being. no easy
way to escape, they remained in the
workers rank and agitated and or
ganized.
But a change in this respect has
come swiftly in America; there is no
longer free escape; no open and
easy west. So the restless spirits,
more and more, have to remain where
they are and take out their restless
ness in social organization. This is
only one of many profound changes
that have been going on in America
since Judge Gary was young; since
the great days of the ecreators and
developers of industry. wonder
sometimes if he fully visualizes these
changes,
Wants to Do Right.
Judge Gary Is an old man; he is
seventy-four (Gompers is seventy, a
strong man with strong ideas, very
sure of himself. No one who talks
with him-as 1 did-can doubt his sin
cerity. He wants to do right he be-
lieves he is doing right. He is quiet
voiced and tranquil and deliberate
When he talks he asserts very little
but seems curiously to comment, to
suggest: to question. He is frank and
he has the courage of his convictions
tried in a former article to show
in his own words, just how he looks
at the present Industrial ferment. He
stands. so far as iapor is concerned
just about where Carnegie and Frick