davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
Women Make Own Dress
Forms at Home Cheaply

At present four kinds of dress
forms are being used. The first is
the most expensive, and is made with
a commercial dress form and a lining
figure The lining. is adjusted over
the dress form, and stufiing is put in
between the lining and the form un-
til the lining is tightly filed.
Another variety is made by stuff
ing tight-fitting lining with excel
Thisis not as satisfactory as 1t might
be, for, great care must be exercised
to give the dress form the right lines
and it loses its shape more or less
rapidly.
A third method is to cover a tight
fitting lining, while it is on its own
err, with plaster of. Paris; this is al
lowed to harden, and the whole is
then carefully removed. The lining
should have an opening down the
front. Stuffinfi is then put in until
it is firm.
The most satisfactory homemade
Betties, however, are made with
gummed paper This variety costs
less than dollar, and is said to give
as good satisfaction as one whicvh
brings $40 across a counter. They
are made by pasting two thicknesses
tight-fftt1ng undervest while on the
prospective owners figure. When the
gum has dried, the jacket is remov-
ed by Sitting down the back and
gether again with gummed paper.
The general effect Is that of a heavy
paper-mache form. One of the best
features of a homemade Betty is
that it is an exact duplication Of the
wonan's own form.
The dress form means a real saw
Ing in money as we'll as time and pa
thence to every woman whether she
is making new clothes or making
over old ones.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08

Probably the most important indi-
rect means for increasing production
is the avoidance of waste. This
should be borne in mind with regard
to wheat at thrashing time. This
operation should be conducted with
the greatest care, and measures
should be taken to see that as little
grain as possible is lost orr allowed
Of the machines or unwise methods
Of thrashing. This year there is a
particular necessity of more care
full handling Of. grain in the fields
and in thrashing to increase the
production.
Observations made by specialists
of the United States Department of
Agriculture show that a surprising
amount of wheat Is wasted in the
thrashing operation. In North Da-
kota, for instance, the average waste
a day on about 26 per cent Of the
els for each rig After testing the
machine and making adjustments
this loss was cut down to 4.0S bush
els a day, or saving Of 1850 BUSH
els, with. total saving OF 1.o0o'VVO
bushels in the entire state for the
More Than al 900, 900 Bushels Saved
In South Dakota the testing and
reimbursement of the machines eff
ected saving s0 of IL ls1 1Ss
tested, or 100000 bushels for the
state. In Montana, through proper
adjustment of the machines and
avoidance of waste, the saving on
Is per cent of the rigs was 7O6,925
bushels for the season; and in Min Min
100000 bushels. The estimated to-
tai saving for 21 states in which
the work was carried on. was 21,-
903.600 bushels.
both thrashermen and farmers. The
thrasherman by means of the tests
is better able to check up the work
being done. by his machine and can
turn more grain day. which means
more money both to himself and to
the farmer. After the faults of the
machine are once located and cor
rected it is an easy matter to check
UP occasionally and keep the ma
chine running with the least wasre.
The farmer can save great dee
Of grain by the following methods
bottom bundle wagons for shock
thrashing; by careful and thor
ough cleanup around the machine
and the use Of a. large canvas spread
on the ground under the feeder to
catch the grain which skaters out
in the process of feeding and that
which leaks out around the front end
of the machine. AS to raking the
scattering along the shock rows, in
Wisconsin one field of % acres gave
a yield of 1875 bushels. In Oklahoma
80 acres gave ITO bushels in one
case and another 70 acres gave 55
bushels. Oklahoma reported a saw
ing of 5.063 bushels for the rak-
ing of scattcrings on IA farms. Kan
sas reported a saving of 1 IL bush
els an acre, and Illinois one-half
bushel an acre.
Tight Ec$to1n Wagons Prevent
Waste
The use of tight-hottom bundle
wagons in North Dakota saved be-
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08

, to cause blood ring to form in an
infertile egg, or to hatch one.
AS soon as the Matching season is
over, OR enough eggs for Matching
purposes have been laid the rooster
should be penned. cooked, Or sold.
The hens not running with male
bird will then produce infertile eggs
the kind that. commands the best
prices.
The fertile egg is the one from
which a chick may be Matched. 1t
spoils very quickly when handled by
the ordinary farm methods, and when
marketed in the hot summer months.
Summer heat spoils a fertile egg as
quickly as a sitting hen or an incu-
bator
Occasionally hens running with
male birds will lay infertile eggs.
This is often the case with birds that
do not have green feed, that are
overfat. or that are confined in yards
and runs; but for all the flock to
produce infertile eggs for a stated
period, it is necessary to remove the
rooster.
Heat is great enemy of eggs
both fertile and infertile. For this
reason they should be kept in cool,
dry room or cellar until they are
marketed-at most not more than
three days.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
THE PRESENT c OTTON SITUATION

mixed. But am strong for that OLD
principle Of equal rights to all and
special privileges to none" Anyway
the holders of spot cotton should NOT
permit the sentimental influences on
prices in the exchanges to affect the
real value of their present holdings,
or what they may produce in l920a
If it cost SO cents to produce a
pound Of middling upland cotton In
1919, the present price of such grades
growers, while October contracts are
being quoted several cents under the
cost of production and going down
every day. How about it, cotton
growers?
Time to Organize
Isn't it time to cinch up your belt
another notch, clamp your teeth on
the bit and enroll your name i1tS
the membership of the american Cot.
ton association and get ready for ths
off? Cooperation and leadership was
never ~sore vitality needed by tho
farmers than at the present time,
Never was the local warehouse more
imperative in which to store the.
crop, for protection against the
against the rapacious nav of thu
"bear." If it takes twelve months
to, spin up the crop, let the farmers
take twelve months to distribute tho
SIOP " IllS LGL Lie SpSCUldI
sell the contracts to their hearts con.
tent, but let the legitimate buyer and
spinner of American cotton UNDER
stand that the price for the 1920 crop
will be regulated by the legitimate
laws of supply and demand and not
posted on blackboards. The Amer.
lean Cotton association will solve,
this problem when the farmers and
the allied business interests of the.
country get together in a purely Cos,
operative spirit and follow its leader;
ship. No department Of the legiti..
mate cotton industry nor any other!
business can or will suffer under a
proper economic and protective sys.
tenn Of handling and marketing the
cotton crop. The time is short
work fast and join this great organ4
ization.
Yours very truly,
HARVIE JORDAN,
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08

In the Photographic files of the
bureau of markets, United States
department Of agriculture, are many
sets of pictures which tell story of
bered growers of fruits and vege-
tables who have toiled early and late
through the rains of the spring and
the heat of the summer, only to
meet with disappointment at the end
of their labors, because, after doing
all else well, they failed in one great
essential-the method of handling
their product after it matured. The
photographs in those files, taken at
numerous railway terminals, show
toes. lettuce, apples, peaches, egg
plant, and many other perishablc
products, mutilated or decayed be-
cause somebody failed to do his job
Of. picking, packing, loading, Or re-
frigerating properly.
The lesson is all very plain when
one looks at these photographs and
it is not difficult to picture the dis
appointment and loss of the growers
and shippers represented. But it is
one becomes familiar with his own
special line the problem of proper
handling of perishable fruits and
vegetables appears very complex and
confusing, SO many are the details to
growers produce is shipped long dis
tances, and if full reward for the
seasons work is to be reaped he
must learn the special requirements
for his particular product on the par
ticular journey that it is to take,
Each item in the whole list of prod
ncts has it's peculiarities which must
be reckoned with when it comes to
marketing. The manner Of picking,
the size and shape of the crate or
other container to be used, the full
ress of the pack, the amount of pre-
cooling, if any, the kind of freight
car to be used, how many. tiers. can
be loaded in the car-these and
numerous other items have to be de-
termined
useless Sacrifices Of Food
The bureau of markets photo
graphs and. the reports from the bu-
portant terminals indicate that a
been sin the game" for years persist
in practices that are costing them
dearly. A few seasons ago careless
loading Of western apples caused an
average breakage Of 50 boxes per
car in shipments to New York city,
and experienced commission men in
northern cities estimated that 10
per cent of the oranges shipped from
Florida decayed before reaching the
consumer. In 1918 the annual pro-
duction OF canta1oupes in the south
western states was estimated at A.
100000 standard crates Of As melons
each, and Investigations showed that
more than one-tenth of these melons
reached the consumers so green as
to be practically ,valueless for food.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08

Every woman who makes garments
for herself longs for dress form, If
she does not already possess one, and.
If she does, she regards 1t as one of
equipment that she has. 1t is very
difficult to fit oneself. When the
arms are moved to change q pin or
a basting which needs adjusting, the
fit of the whole garment is changed.
and the filter does not know where
the right place is for the seam or the
trimming. A dress form or Betty, as
it is often called, does away with this
difficulty but because of the expense
of the commercial ones few women
in the past have felt they could af
ford to own one.
Garment-making clubs are among
the most popular of the many organiz-
ed by the home demonstration agents
who are sent out by the United
States department Of agriculture, and
and better ways of dressmaking.
The extension workers soon discov-
cred that the farm woman who at
tempts to do part Or all of her own
sewing-and the majority of them do
encounters the most difficulty in
the trimming. What she needs is a
dress form, and since dress forms are
beyond the means of the larger num-
Der. the home demonstration agents
Eau 10 set Inelr WIS 10 Work ana IN
vent a homemade substitute.
Kinds Of Dress Forms
Today thousands of these home
made dress forms are in use in the
rural and small town homes of this
country. In Merrimac County. New
Hampshire, II communities have
themselves, for the purpose of MAX
ing dress forms. This means that
the majority of women in that coun-
ty will have one of these conven-
fences.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08

During the last half-century of
cotton production no condition of the
crop UP to the first of June has
ever been so low as that recently pub
lished by the. United States crop re-
porting board. At no time in the
history of the boil weevil has that
insect appeared so early to begin de-
struction on the cotton crop as they
have this season. Never before in
the history of cotton production in
this cuntry has the shortage of labor
been so acute, or the cost Of farm
supplies and improvements of every
character so high. Governmental
statistics on raw cotton in this coun-
try and in Europe show that pres
ent supplies of spinnable cotton, COM
paratively are less than ever before
in the history Of cotton. At the same
time, American and foreign mills are
running on full time, with their out
puts contracted for months ahead at
profits which would have made old
Falstaff green with envy. This is
the situation as shown by the facts
in the field of production, supplies
of raw cotton and manufacture.
The Speculative Field
How about speculation on the cot
ton exchanges? The first week in
June showed some sunshine to warm
up and invigorate the belated young
crop for a start Immediately the
bears made charge, and down goes
LllS pI1CS .OI COlllIdClS. AulS PLO-
cedure will doubtless continue as the
season advances until the future con-
tract falls far below the actual cost
of the real fiber. The bears sell
something they haven't got and want
a contract which does not force them
to deliver. We have funny situa-
ton. In the contract market the
seller has all the advantage, and in
the open local markets the buyers
have all the advantage. 1t seems to
tract ought to have equal rights with
the speculative seller of the con-
tract. 1 am absolutely convinced
that the farmer when offering his
cotton should be on an equal foot
ing with the buyer. may be
wrong about future contracts, and
may be when the sellers sell some
thing they haven't got, they ought to
have the privilege of delivering any
thing they can get, mixed and I'M
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
BAD PACKING AND SHIPPING
CAUSE MUCH WASTE OF FOOD

The mistakes which the western
cantaloupe growers and shippers
made illustrate the problems with
which the producers have to DEAL
Many did not realize that to insure
desirable eating and keeping quality,
distance shipment should be picked
just about the time at which they
will slip clearly from the stem, or
slightly before this stage is reached
practices in handling the fruit were
unnecessarily rough and that instead
of allowing considerable time to
elapse between picking and loading
into iced refrigerator cars, they
should have been loaded as soon as
the wrapping of cantaloupes was I'M
desirable because the wrappers re-
tarded the cooling and often caused
the cantaloupes to become moldy
after they were removed from sthe re-
frigerator cars.
why Strawberries Decay.
Strawberries may be citeds as an
other example The most successful
shippers, including some in the
Ozarks, who send their product sew
eral hundred miles, have learned from
experience and through 1nvestiga-
tons carried on by the federal bu-
reau of markets experts and others,
that quick cooling after harvesting
is an essential in the proper ship
ment of this fruit. The chief straw
berry decay is one that develops very
rapidly under favorable tempera-
lures, and the fungus which causes
it gains a foothold in bruised fruit.
Therefore, poorly handled berr q =.
even if shipped in properly refrig-
Grated cars, will soon decay after be-
ing removed from the iced car. This
is a point of which Importance to
the shipper, for a large number Of
small dealers have no facilities for
keeping their stocks of fruit cool.
Problems for Celery Shippers.
There are problems also for ship
pers of lettuce and celery. It has
been found, for example, that head
lettuce cut SO as to eliminate the
lower two or three leaves and de-
prived of all diseased leaves, de-
velops far less decay in transit than
that handled in the manner followed
by many shippers. Celery is often
injured because it is loaded too high
in the car to permit proper circula-
ton of air.
The United States Department Of
Agriculture has given much time to
the study of right and wrong meth
DDS of picking, packing and loading
fruits and vegetables, and if a Ship
per is in doubt, or finds that his
produce is not reaching it's destina-
ton in good condition, he should
write for information, stating his
case clearly. Inquiries should be ad-
dressed to the bureau of markets,
United States Department of Agri-
culture, Washington, D. c.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
Fertile Eggs Spoil Quickly;
Get Rid of the BOOSTERS

Fifteen million dollars is a lot of
money, but that is the amount that
the United States department of ag-
riculture estimates farmers lose ev-
cry year through bad methods of
producing eggs. This loss is due to
the partial Matching of fertile eggs
which have been allowed to become
warm enough to incubate. It is a
preventable loss and. if checked, will
add dollars to the poultry flock prof
it's. The remedy is simple--have the
flock produce infertile eggs, after the
Matching season is over.
An infertile egg is one laid by a
hen that has not been allowed to run
with a male bird. After the male
bird has been removed from the hens,
two weeks is ordinarily long enough
to assure the laying of infertile eggs.
Contrary to the general impression
the male bird in flock has no influ-
ence on the number of eggs the hens
will lay. The rooster merely fer
tilizes the germ of the egg. This is
not necessary, Or even desirable,
when the eggs are to be used for ia
BILE purposes, or are to be sent to
market.
Infertile eggs will keep in good
condition in temperatures where fer
tile eggs will not. 1t is impossible
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
Why Consumers Read
Produce Markets RenOrtS

Consumers are learning to include
the produce market reports IN the
items which they read in the daily
paper, for they realize that the prices
they pay for food are largely con-
trolled by the market conditions
there set forth. Often a glance at
the current market report will give
valuable tip as to when to buy
for the household Much of the in
formation in these reports is fur
nished the newspapers by the bureau
Of markets. United States department
of agriculture, which obtains 1t
though personal representatives at
large market centers and by means
of a special reporting arrangement
with some Ala American railroads.
Daily market reports are also is
sued to some 100, 1000. growers and
produce dealers who find the infor-
produce at a time and place that
will assure them satisfactory prices.
The dissemination of thit information
also has the effect Of regulating the
distribution of produce to market CEN
ters SO that the supply tends to re-
main more constant throughout the
year.
Occasionally the average consumer
is puzzled by the rapid fluctuations in
the retail prices of particular COM
modities. If he closely follows the
market reports issued by the bureau
he will better understand causes for
these price changes, and why at times
rather high prices prevail.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
AVOID WASTE IN THRASF1ING;
MUCH WHEAT CAN BE SAVED

| tween 600 and 500 bushels in thrash
ing 1000 acres. In Wisconsin it is
estimated that 100000 bushels were
saved by tight-bottom, wagons. The
ground under the feeder not only
saves graia but saves time on the
cleanup, and should certainly be
considered by both thrashermen and
| farmers.
A very definite notion of the
amount of grain wasted about the
rig may be had from making a So
called blanket test. This consists of
other suitable cloth about IS by "a
feet in area convenient to the stack
err Of the thrashing machine. A
man is stationed on the top of the
machine near the weighing device.
Immediately after tf a trip Of Of the the
Sheet. Allow the straw to deposit
there until the weighing device
trips five complete tines in in
thrashed IL bushels. Use fork
to winnow off the straw from the
canvas. shaking as much as possi-
Bile for any wheat that may be in it.
This leaves a mass of small particles
of straw and chaff and wheat on
off the small particles of straw and
put through a tanning mill to blow
out the chaff. leaving the quantity
of wheat that has been wasted.
Measure this in pint measure. One
pint CLEANED in this operation might
be considered unavoidable. waste;
pints, poor operation, to be correct
ed at the earliest opportunity; and
pints or more, wasteful practice
and the machine closed down until
improveme nt is obtained.
Watch Machine Closely
In the middle west, where more
moisture prevails. the adjustment of
the machine should be watched
morning the grain is apt to be moist
and not easily shelled If the ma
chine is adjusted to overcome this
condition, it should be readjusted in
the d to P provide for the the
SO adjusted to meet the changing
condition, grain will be wasted
Thrashing is looked upon gener-
ally as a very distasteful operation.
This fact is to blame for waste in
anxious to have it over with and
speeds up the work as much as pos
sible. Haste makes waste in thrash
ing in many. ways. Care should be
taken in pitching from the wagon. If
the machine is fed too fast or care
Probably more grain is wasted
from failure to clean up at the end
of a setting than from any other
single cause, Just as much care
should be taken in cleaning up all
the unthrashed straw and and loose
Grain that has accumulated around
the machine as has been taken with
the rest of the job. Even with the
best of care. a considerable amount
of unthrashed straw will accupulate
Ground the feeder I'M the course of
the days work. If the straw is very
Try, much grain will shatter from
he heads as it is being pitched
from the wagons or stacks onto the
feeder.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-07-08
LIGHTEN PERIODIC CLEANING
BYDAILY CARE OF CARPETS

Changed living conditions have
brought changes in housekeeping
completely heated, and parts of
methods. When houses were less
them. were closed during the cold
months, spring house-cleaning was
ready for use during the. warm
months, and fall hause-cleaning was
necessary to prepare the house for
winter. Nowadays, all the rooms in
most houses are used and kept clean
throughout the year, and upheavals
in spring and fall are no longer
necessary. Moreover the increasing
use of removable rugs and some of
the new cleaning devices make it
much easier to take the dirt out day
housekeepers realize how much the
work of keeping things clean can be
lessened by choosing the right things
and handling them in the right way.
This is not merely matter of la
bor-saving devices like vacuum clean
ers, but depends partly on how the
house is planned, what furnishings
and fin1shings are used, and how the
work of caring for them is organized
Daily Care of Carpets.
cotton carpets and rugs, a carpet
sweeper is very good, because it
takes up lint and coarse dirt with
out raising dust. For more thorough
cleaning some other appliance must
be used. as the brushes of the carpet
sweeper do not go deep enough into
the carpet to remove fine dirt. A
vacuum cleaner is excellent, but if
that is not available, effort should
be made to find some other thorough
but comparatively dustless process.
Using dampened broom and scat
terlng leftover tea leaves, it's Of
rumpled, dampened newspaper, or
one of the commercial sweeping prep
arations on the carpet before sweep
ing, helps to prevent dust from fly
ing. These dampened materials must
be used with caution, however, or
cately colored carpets. Wiping a car
pet with a dampened cloth after
sweeping removes more dust and
freshens the carpet
Small rugs should be cleaned out
Of doors, If possible, preferably on