davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

higher education is feeling the mar
rowing and depressing influence Of
poverty. Books and other equip
ment of scholarship are passing out
of the reach of the poorer students;
learning is becoming the privilege of
the favored few, Of the rich. Ger
many's whole position as leader in
the worlds scientific and scholarly
attachments is gravely jeopardized
by the collapse of the mark. The
number Of young men who will be
able to carry forward their re-
searches for long periods, thus lay
ing the foundations for achieving
results that might make them lead
ers in the worlds scholarship, will
grow more and more limited.
Student life at the universities
to-day clearly foreshadows the new
conditions that are coming into Ger
many's intellectual life. Germany
had for many years before the war
produced too many scholars, in the
narrow sense of the term. The uni
versities turned out a large number
of men overloaded with mere learn
ing, with much unfruitful informa-
ton. They were men with little per-
sQnal initiative, little self-reliance
and small will power. These men
crowded the professions, but they did
not succeed, and so they became
known as Germany's intellectual
proletariat.
And Germany is in fair way to
swell its army of intellectual prole-
tariat to much larger dimensions
than ever. The universities are
crowded as never before, and like
conditions prevail at the technology
cal Institutes. The professions of
law and medicine, in particular, bid
fair to become quite swamped within
few years with new lawyers and
physicians. Both professions were
already considerably overfilled be-
fore the war. The pressure is espe-
clally heavy now in law. The sons of
noblemen, who had hitherto taken to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

are drawing public money as unem-
ployed persons. The general condi-
lions of student life may be judged
from an investigation recently made
at Gottingen University, which
showed that the average monthly
check Of the students was 298 marks.
That is less than 10 marks a day.
and with that pittance the student
must meet all his expenses-food.
clothing, rent, tuition fee. Readers
OF my previous articles, which
showed how little workman earn
ing "a marks day can buy, will
appreciate the hardships of these
students. To make matters still
worse, the university fees have Just
been raised IS per cent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
beans; but the German only Sc
or eight pounds.
Clothing and Shoes.

Clothing and Shoes.
In the case OF clothing and shoes,
the advantage is enormously in
favor Of the American. While it is
impossible to make an exact COM
parison, I can only give my judg-
ment based on actual experience in
New York Of year ago and present
observations here. In the case of
wooden clothing I would say that
the American workman might have
to give eight or even ten days of
his labor for one good suit; but the
German would certainly work 35 or
40 days for one Of equal quality.
The price of cotton in New York
Is now about three times as high
as it was before the war; but in
Berlin it is forty times the ante
bellum price. At present prices the
New York workman would be able
to buy about sixteen pounds of cot
ton, while the German workman
would have to toll the greater part
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Serious for Newspapers

That the situation is serious one
for the newspapers, as well as their
readers, cannot be denied. Some
papers have already begun to recall
their foreign correspondents. Books
have been rapidly sold out to for'
elgn buyers, taking advantage Of
the vast depreciation Of German CUT.
rency, and many of the most solo
works of German scholarship ar
now out of print and cannot even Dc
bought secondhand. Nor will re-
prints be made in most cases, OWING
to the enormous costs; Germans
would hardly be able to pay the ng'
prices necessarily demanded, WINE
foreign buyers would not be nunle''
Gus enough to justify new edition
Thus many valuable books Will io'
some years not be available
scholars except in libraries.
The cost of foreign books anu
newspapers will also necessarily r
act most unfavorably upon the n'
tellectual life of the Germans-'us'
as the lack of foreign correspondents
as interpreted above by the FRAN
fort newspaper. The fewest OF oe'
man scholars are now able to Duy .
foreign book or take a foreign Pc
riodical. Professor Brandt, the p'S
fessor Of English at Berlin unisei
sity, gave me an example OF how Tue
enormously high rates Of excnans'
are cutting off his Englisches Sew
mar from English books. The sem
mar subscribed before the war ~
an English annual costing guinea
or about LOT marks; but now !"
would cost 5000 marks, and It ns :,
been dropped. No German Won.
pay the foreign subscription PRIV ;
of The New York Tribune. wnica :. J
S26, now equivalent to about ~
marks.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Banks Are Overloaded With De.
posts, Which Grow Less and
Less i'm Value

the army and are now practically
debarred from that career, are
largely turning to the law. Profess
sors are already warning young men
against preparing to become law
vorc
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

butter problem of the German and
American workman. shall take
for that purpose the highest wages
paid in Germany, so far as l have
heard. The metal workers in Ber-
lin now get 4.25 marks an hour.
and work eight hours day-earn-
ing accordingly "a marks a day.
Lacking exact information, I shall
assume that metal workers in and
around New York get an average Of
Sc, which is certainly too low.
The wholesale price Of wheat in
New York is now $2.371s, at which
price the workman would be able
to buy "a bushels day. If this
wheat were exported to Germany
the Berlin workman would have to
work about 20 days to buy an equal
Of course, he is not yet
paying so much, because the govern,
ment is keeping down the price by
force Of law; but on all imported
wheat the labor cost is as here
stated. even though the government
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Students Destitute

University students already be-
long to the intellectual proletariat
in much larger numbers than before
the war. Formerly when German
student had to earn money to help
along with his education he did pri-
vate tutoring. That seemed to be
about the only thing that satisfied
his nice ideas as to scholarly dig
nifty. But now those ideas have been
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
The Press Hard Hit

The minister also made some N.
marks about the position of the press
as affected by the present hard
times. Editors had improved their
position, indeed, by adopting tariff
of salaries, but they were not abA
to hold candlelight to the machine
compositors. He pointed out tina!
several dozens Of smaller news.
papers have died within a month,
and there is grave danger that great
newspapers Of worldwide reputs.
ton will have to suspend publica.
ton. Owing to the great expense Of
maintaining correspondents abroad
and of meeting telegraph tolls, Ger.
man newspapers will have to dis
pense with the Gown correspondent"
at foreign capitals and will have to
depend upon the news agencies. His
views as to the danger of even the
greatest German newspapers having
to suspend have just been poignantl
reechoed by the publishers them.
selves in national convention.
The "Frankfurter Zeitung,"
paper that has been doing its part
toward getting Germany into right
relations with the rest of the world,
has recently complained Of the I'm.
promising conditions that confront
the German press. in the matter Of
foreign correspondence. 1t holds
that foreign correspondents are nee
essary in the interests of Germanys
intellectual life; "for to become q
people of narrow-minded backwoods.
men, having no relations with other
countries than to pay tribute to
them," the editor goes on, would be
a greater misfortune than all the
others that have befallen us. We
must not lose our understanding Of
other peoples, but increase it. -.
Germany cannot become a world
unto itself; if we remain intellec-
tually isolated our science and tech
nique will be crippled. The
world needs us, but we need the
world even more"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Troubles of Students

But the hard times are hitting the
students-and professors as well-in
other things than mere bread and
butter. The great expense of print
ing and of scientific apparatus has
worked a tremendous revolution in
the whole problem Of going forward
with scholarly career. Herr Haen-
lsch, the Prussian Minister of Edu-
cation, has recently expressed some
interesting views on this matter.
He said:
The student win no longer be-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

rect view Of conditions; such view
can be obtained only by finding out
how much a man can get for his
days work. This must be compared
with what the American workman
gets for his work.
All letters received from America
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
People Are in Dismay at the
High Cost of Food
and Clothing

JUST before the outbreok Of the recent trouble in Ger
many usbered IN By the unsuccessful DR.. Kapp COUP
The Tribune's Berlin correspondent Mr. Dreher sent
series of articles giving graphic pictures IN the realm
Of the former Kaiser The desperate condition avhich
the average German finds himself Is vividly portrayed in
tie folloaong article.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

able to get his doctors thesis pr,r.
ed. In the medical laborator,e. :.
periments on animals will not !.
possible. R0ntgen apparatus. eb.r
icals, microscopes cannot be boneA.
because they cost too much. Co.,
man science will drop behind fo,.
eign all the more, as German scbo,
ars will not be able to buy the fo,
eign scientific literature Of the Ia.
five years. But even in German,
printing will be 80 costly that q.
scientific periodical literature With
once gave Germany presmipenc.
over foreign countries must "a,
disappear"
The minister went on to depIo.
the fact that valuable old mann
scripts already have been ala
abroad and that the Prussian Ac.a
cmy Of Sciences is planning to abao.
don the further preparation Of Il,
great work on Greek and Latin ter.,
and other learned works requirin,
the combined work Of many scholar
"The state" he further REMARKED
Cannot to-day appropriate to ,
physiological laboratory "a rr.,
money for its annual support a. f,
single microscope COSTS"
The minister said distreu N.
bearing hard upon all intellectu.l
workers and that the inability h
buy books and apparatus will have
the effect that foreign countries viii
take the leadership in the sciences
and Germany will have to work for
them.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Two Days to Buy a Waist

"That would have cost ESQ marks
before the war; it now costs SO
marks"
So the German workman would
have to work nearly two days to
buy such a garment for his wife:
while the girls who do the sewing
on them would have to work more
than three days to buy one. The
New York workman would probably
buy two or three such garments
with his days wage.
The American workman thinks it
a great hardship that he must now
give almost two days work for a
good pair Of shoes; but the German
would work at least six DAYS for a
pair of poorer quality. The servant
girl in family of my acquaintance
applied for an advance of wages.
pleading that it took half months
wages to get her shoes half-soled
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

arbitrarily set lower price, for it
would have to make up the differ
ence through taxation. Moreover,
under the new prices just adopted
for the 1920 crop, the German
workman will have to work just
twice as long as the American for
2h bushels. The bread ration here
has just been reduced to little
above four pounds a week, and at
the same time considerably larger
percentage Of the grain is to be
converted into flour.
Oats Price Jumps
Oats is the only grain that has
here been liberated from govern
ment control, and its price has
leaped, under the natural market
stimulus, to 4,640 marks ton. At
that rate the Berlin workman would
be able to buy slightly less than
two bushels for his days work,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

pace. All Of which means that Ger
many is already in aNperiod Of dis
tressing poverty. And the move
ment is downward; the worst is yet
to come.
AS remedy for the conditions
here described many Germans want
to emigrate. The government Bureau
Of Migration, am assured, receives
thousands Of letters every day from
such would-be emigrants. / went
recently to hear a lecture on South
America as land for German i'm
migration and / found the large hall
packed with people. They listened
with deep attention, but there was
evident disappointment when the
speaker told them that a German
planning to emigrate to South
America should have a capital Of at
least 100000 marks.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
By William c. Dreher

By William C.. Dreher
"HAT Germany is now in the
midst of hard times and
is approaching still harder
times is sinking deeper and
deeper into the minds of the people.
At every turn there Is now talk
Of the phenomenal increase Of
prices and the high cost Of living.
Food prices have been more than
doubled with half year and the
movement is still sharply upward.
Prices Of clothing and everything
else are doing likewise. Production
is tagging behind consumption.
Every sphere Of business life
shows the peculiar manifestations of
q country whose currency is rapidly
depreciating. Some Of the people
are making enormous profits by sell
ing out goods at what seem fabulous
prices; there Is vast wave of specu-
lation on the stock exchanges, and
the banks are overloaded with the
deposits of money that continues to
sink lower and lower in value.
A Sick Nation
eve are at the bedside of a coun-
try sick unto DEATH" writes DR..
Walther Rathenau. "It is not
question of future plans, but Of
catastrophe. We are wearing out
the means Of production; we are
picking the plums from our pudding,
using up the last salable remnants,
wasting labor or letting it remain
untitled; working up and consum-
ing raw materials ana foodstuffs
that do not belong to US, but which
we only borrow.
''If we continue such system the
country will be so destitute within
three years that it can no longer be
recognized as the same"
He goes on to say that Germany
is filling out with paper money the
gap between production and con-
sumption, but the time is coming
when Germany will no longer be
able to obtain food with paper
money; then the time of distress
and danger will come. With prices
and wages rising steadily the print
ing press will continue to work at
full steam; and Germany is steering
straight into the Assignat period of
the French Revolution, when, i'm
1897, 10000 francs was paid for
breakfast"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

whereas the New Yorker can buy
over six bushels.
The American workman can buy
13 to Is pounds OF meat with his
days work, but the German only
three or four pounds, if he is even
fortunate enough to find it at any
price at all. The American can buy
seven or eight pounds of butter, but
the German only one pound; and it
is almost certain that he will not be
able to find it at all. With cheese
the Americans advantage is still
more marked; he can buy about 20
pounds, while the German can only
occasionally get pound and a half
of very inferior, fatless Dutch
cheese for his days work. Milk, of
which German infants are greatly
in need, has recently been raised to
two marks a liter, a price which
many poor people are not able to
pay, and they are selling their mich
cards to others.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

Professor All, part of q
matmamy! I mast see If I com
ascertain qUhat century B. c..
1t dates from.
Withholding of the kind!
It's our meat ration for the
20eek.
-Lustige Geseuschaft, Berlin
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

American housewives complain
of the high prices of eggs. 1t will
interest them to know that while
the New York workman can buy 70
to 80 eggs with his days wages, the
German can buy 10 at most. Ameri-
can letters also speak of the price
of sugar (22 cents pound) as some
thing phenomenal; but even so the
American workman can buy more
than 81 pounds a day, while the
German could buy only a little more
than two pounds, provided he can
find "sneak trader" with so large
stock. The sugar assigned on cards
is so little that it does not deserve
consideration; and that is also true
of butter (less than one ounce a
week for each person). figure that
the American can buy 20 pounds of
unroasted coffee with his days work.
but the German can buy less than
i Il pounds.
Rice is another commodity that
figures in American letters as hav-
ing risen to dizzy heights. Yet the
American workman can buy be-
tween 25 and 80 pounds Of rice
while the German is buying 31h
pounds. The American can buy so
to Is pounds Of dried peas and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
Cermany's Handicap

The comparisons which l gave
above are of tremendous import for
Germany's economic future. They
mean that Germany is heavily handi-
capped as producing and export
ing nation. Where the raw materials
of production are so dear, where so
much labor must be exerted upon
the primal problem of bread and
meat, a country can cut no consid-
cradle figure in the markets of the
world. Nor can it accumulate ma
tlonal wealth, except at very slow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28
The Cheap Mark


eyes; your dollar now buys 100
marks, but I will bet you that in
three months it will buy 1000"
So spoke my financial friend, an
economic writer Of reputation. And
great banker assured me that the
German people are now running on
monthly deficit Of 1000, 100000
marks, and he has very distinct,
even lurid ideas as to what the
effects are going to be.
"The time is coming" he said to
me, when you will not dare to show
yourself on the streets Of Berlin
wearing that gold watch chain. The
people will snatch it from you to
buy bread"
And another bank official, to
whom l told this, remarked:
"He is right. My housekeeper
said to me this morning: You
would better stop wearing that dia-
mond scarf pin. You will be
robbed. know something about
the embittered temper of the peo-
pie And tomorrow l shall lock
it up"
Putting Jewels Away
Il is thus that coming events
cast their dark shadows before in
Germany. The men here quoted are
forecasting the future from their
knowledge Of present conditions
and forces that still are at work.
What are those conditions?
When Americans read newspaper
articles about Germany and see the
prices at which food can be bought,
or when they hear from friends
who have visited Germany how well
they have lived at the hotels and at
what low prices, they might actually
be Inclined to envy the Germans.
But prices alone do not give a cor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

Learning in Disrepute
The hard conditions of life al
ready have begun to tell seriously
upon the position and prospects of
Germany's intellectual life. The
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

and new pair would cost her more
than two months work. Also, she
said, even after paying for materials
to make dress she would have to
pay a full months wages to get
it made in the simplest possible
manner.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

now are filled with complaints about
the greatly increased costs Of liv-
ing; but the increase has been far
more rapid here. And, what is
worse, wages in Germany have by
no means risen as rapidly as the
costs Of living.
Workmen Compared
l want here to make a limited
comparison between the bread-and-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1920-03-28

of two days for one pound. Frau
Zietz, the we'll known Independent
Socialist member of the National
Assembly, recently illustrated to me
how prices have risen. She pointed
to the very simple cotton shirtwaist
that she was wearing and Remarked:
Evening journal., 1920-12-10

wood Grating. Brunswick Phono-
graph cabinets are made by Brunswick,
not bought here and there.
We invite you to come to any Bruins
wick dealer and ask him to prove our
case.
Ask that he play your favorite selec-
tons. Then hear them on any other
instrument Let your ear be the judge
We never fear the verdict
We've urged always that compari-
son be the basis of your purchase. And
in over half million homes there arc
BTunswicls that could never be re-
placed.
There is no record made that a
Brunswick owner cannot play-and
play better.
Evening journal., 1920-12-10
Eczema Caused Years
of Intense Agony

II have suffered intense agony from
eczema on my leg and other parts or my
body for years. and received only tempo
rary relief from other preparations II II
only q month since ! started TO use PET
ERSON'S OINTMENT. and there Is no
sign OF eczema OF Itching. You can refer
to me."--Geo G.. Talbot. p Penheld
street, Buffalo. n. Y.
1--WE got a hundred testimonials says
Peterson OF Buffalo. just as sincere and
honest as this one. Years ago, when
first started 10 pnt out PETERSON >
OINTMENT. / made up my mind 20 give
a big box for 80 cents, and am stlll
doinc it, as every druggist In the coun-
try knows. - ...
II guarantee PE,cERSON's OINTMENT
because ] know that its mighty healing
mower is marvellous. j say 70 everyone
who buys q box that II Is rigidly guar
anteed for eczema. salt rheumi old sores
blind, bleeding and itching piles, ulcers,
skin diseases chahng, burns, scalds hnu
sunburn, and II not satisfactory ,snS
druggist viii return your money. MAI I
orders nled by Peterson Ointment Co.
Inc. Buffalo. \. Y.
Evening journal., 1920-12-10
DEATH RATE HIGH
AMONG DOGS, CATS

Despite the fact that 3i40 dogs have
been registered by the Police Depart
ment since January 4. an increase OF
iiO over the same period Of last year
the death rate among CANNES. accord
ing to the Health Department, has
been unusually high The department
sets notices Of those dogs that die by
the wayslde, but no attempt is made
to record those afforded decenl-dog
burial by the owners
The record tlis year OF dogs found
dead on the streets average about iNo
a day. while the death rate among
felincs Is about the same
As the city does not maintain pot
tcrs field for the unclaimed dogs and
cats, they find the way to The city
crematory plant.
Evening journal., 1920-12-10

This sun-d'al on an old wooden
building al Union Mills. Nd. has
marked the passing Of In sun
out once being wound IN. II
was the town clock" In Colonial
days, before Washington led Amerl-
cans TO independence. And 10 keeps
time as well a. did IN %.
As the sun shines on this side Of the
building only from little before
eight In the morning until shortly
after two In the afternoon, that por-
tl9n oi the daytime Is marked
Tne hour figures are iron, placed ac-
curolfly In position. The center Is a
Evening journal., 1920-12-10
LADIES' NECKWEAR
Always Attractive
LEATHER GOODS

LEATHER GOODS
Mems fine pin seal and morocco
Bill Folder Pass Books. Pin seal.
$3.50 to $500. Morocco. S1.5O TO $500
each.
LADIES' HANDKERCHIEFS
An attractive holiday gift boxed
Handkerchiefs. Colored, embroidered,
also plain white; three in box, SOC.
s5c, Sf.OO and Sf.25 the box.
LADIES' NECKWEAR
Ladies' angora all-wool Scarfs. Not
cotton mixed. Several different styles
with pockets or belts and plain shawl,
$500 to S15.75.
Also woven SILK scarfs at $3.50
each.
JEXELRY DEPARTMENT
Our holiday line OF boxed Jewelry
has every fad OF the minute. Soft Cuff
Links, Bar Pins. Beauty Pins, Lingerie
Clasps and Scarf Pins, at soc, soc,
75c and S1.OO the box.
BIG VALUES THESE
S2.50 Crepe de Chine, S1.S0-A very
popular and serviceable silk crepe. 40
inches wide. In pink. turquoise and
white. regular s2.5O quality. for
$3.50 a yard.