davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
OLD HICKORY VETS
TO HOLD REUNION
3Oth Division Members to
Hold Reunion at Asheville
in September.

ASHEvILLE, N. C.. July "a tBy In
ternational News Service. Frank i.
Bowen, secretary OF the Old Hickory
association, SAYS arrangements are
taking definite shape for the entertain .
ment OF the Thirtieth division at It's
annual reunion in Asheville, Septem-
Der rs and 20.
Mr.. Bowen recently conferred with
committees in charge OF plans. \ large
tent has already been secured from
the government for holding the reunion
meetings, and preparations for taking
care OF the delegates are nearly COM
pleted. Ii is expected that 10000 men
win attend the reunion. Ample room
will be provided for taking care Of
men during their stay In Asheville. All
OF the hotels are making extra prepar-
atoms. and many will be entertained In
private homes.
Mr. Bowen says efforts are being
made to secure ne-cent railroad rate
for delegates to the reunion II Is de-
sired to have this rate effective from
all points throughout the United States.
as every state with the exception Of
Utah is represented in the Thirueth
division
He states that certificates emitting
members of the association To the re
duced rate will be mailed to each mem
Der.
The railroad fare will be the only ex-
pense incurred by the delegates
throughout the entire stay at Ashcvlle
meals, sleeping quarters, and all the
entertainments will be furnished. In
vita,lons have been sent to Gen, Per-
shing and President Wilson. large
number 81 other notable army officers
have been invited and have expressed
their intention Of being present. Among
them are included Mai. Gen, r, NJ.
Lewis. commander Of the Thirtieth
division: Brig. Gen Faison and Brig
Ger Tyson. also Corps Commander
Mai Gen Reed. and the governors OF
three states. Gov. 7. W, Bikett, Of
North Carolina. who will deliver the
welcoming address, Gov. Robert \.
Cooper, OF South Caronua, and Gov. a.
r. Roberts. Of Tennessee,
MIR Bowen expects 1000 members
from Knoxville and vicinity to attend
the convention.
a great variety Of entertainment viii
be offered the members There will
be shows. music dances, airplanc flights
and a number Of special entertainments
provided by the citizens Of Ashevils
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
W 1heeNea0 D

RISON, Ark.--The body of Marvin
Sipes, "a, arrived here Wednesday from
France, the first Cleveland county boy
who died overseas to be returned home.
He was the son of Mr.. and Mrs. NJ. T.
Sipes. Young Sipes died in France
oct. 2. 1915 a few days after arriving
He was a member of the replacement
division of the A. e, F, Interment
was made near here, with the services
attended by many friends and relatives
SCOOBA, Miss.-Mrs. Sara Dudley,
SO, died in Scooba Wednesday. She
was the montlter Of J. l.. Dudley, prom
inent planter here, also of Mrs. Fannie
Robertson, of Meridian, and Miss Eula
Dudley, OF Geiger, Ala. Funeral serv-
ices were held at the home of ]. l..
Robertson, in Scooba. after which the
burial took place in the cemetery at
Evansville.
PApUCAH, Ky.--Mrs. Alice Fortson,
81, wife of r. Il. Fortson, resident of
McCracken county all of her life, died
at her home near Grahamville in this
husband and six children, all residing in
McCracken county.
-
PADUCAH, ky.--Robert S. Robert
son, 81, resident of this city died FRI
day at st. Luke's hospital, Chicago, fol-
lbhiuS an " WpTu
received here by friends. Mr.. Rob-
ertson was engaged in the lumber bust
ness in Paducah for a number of years
and was prominently associated with
Paducah business interests. His widow
and five children survive. The body
will be shipped to Fort Wayne, Ind,
for burial.
DYEHSBURG, Tenn.-Mrs. Mary
Walden, 81, wife of Will Walden died at
a hospital here. she was a member Of
the Methodist church. Interment was
at Pleasant Hill cemetery.
DYERSBURG, william A.
Shelton, prominent farmer of Dyer
county, died at hospital here follow
ing an operation for appendicitis. He
was a native of Perry county, but had
resided here for several years. He is
survived by his wife, four sons, Ray,
Guy, Atlas and Vance, and three
daughters Mrs. Crawford, Mrs. Peal,
Water Valley, Miss. and Miss Willie
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

Shelton. Fneral services were con-
Quoted by the Rev. H. B. Terry Of the
Dyeresburg circuit, with burial in the
Bledsoe cemetery near Bogota.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
LONDON TEACHERS
WOULD KILL DIALECT

LONDON, July 24-London school
teachers have begun campaign to
eradicate the CoCkney dialect, which
they characterize as a disease of Ian
guage,' caused by incorrect breathing
and by improper voice instruction. A
number Of teachers in secondary schools
declare elementary teachers themselves
often employ the Cockney pronouncinG
such words as paid as II both the
vowels were 'i'' and explaining the diff
ference by saying the az should have
dot.
The teachers made no plans to carry
the reform to the Cockney adults out
side the schools.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
NAME SHANGHAI POST.

SHANGHAI July 24.-The Shanghai
post Of American Legion has been given
its official name by the national or
ganization in America and is to be
called the Gen. Ferederick Ward post
after the noted American soldier who
organized in China the Ever Victori-
Gus Army in the TAPPING rebellion.
aftcrward turning the command over
TO the British general, Chinese" Cor
don. The Shanghai post has 100 mem
hers and has been authorized to form
other posts in China.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

DYEHSBURG, Tenn.-Mrs. Mary
Walden, 81, wife of Will Walden died at
hospital here. she was a member of
the Methodist church. Interment was
at Pleasant Hill cemetery.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
MINING COAL AT LENS.

LENS. France, July 24.-For the
first time since the occupation of Lens
by the Germans, coal has been brought
up to the surface from one of the
mines. Many of the mines are still
flooded but the pumping out continues.
Engineers in charge of the work ex-
press the opinion that the exploitation
of the upper workings of the mines
will be resumed about the middle of
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
RIVER NEWS

The. steamer Kate Adams Will clear
Saturday night for RCeodaln. Thu
Eclipse win leave at the same time for
Charlottesville and the Harry Lee will
clear soon after for Helena.
=
The Idlewild viii leave Monday for
Pecan Point.
Through the efforts Of the Memphis
Chamber OF Commerce a local shipping
firm has purchased the steamer Nash
Vile. which is now running on ,ha
Ohio river. and will be brought back 10
Memphis to make the White river ran
She was formerly running between
Memphis and paducah The Chamber
tried to induce another local company
10 purchase the former Memphis vessel
but the deal failed TO matorialze and
they directed their efforts toward an
other company which recently made the
purchase.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

parents and other relatives. The body
is the second Newbern boy to be re-
turned here for burial. The casket was
beautifully drapped with large United
States flag. and was accompanied by
a soldier boy.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

NEWBERN, Tenn.--The body Of Rob-
ert Taylor, an enlisted soldier of New
bern and the son Of d. Taylor, a prom
inent Dyer county farmer residing near
town, arrived here over the Illinois Gem
trail railroad Friday from France where
he saw service in the world war. Young
Taylor went into service at the out
break of war and was a member OF a
field artillery regiment. We was killed
in action on the battlefield. The body
was conveyed to his home where fun
eral services were conducted Friday
afternoon and burial was made In a
local cemetery. He is survived by his
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

BRISTOL. Tenn.-Mrs. Rachel Toll
bert, SO. died Thursday at the home Of
her daughter, Mrs. NJ. l.. Smith at
Barytes Va, according to advices re-
ceived here. Surviving her are seven
children and two sisters.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24
gIN fgIsIgE GESfI

CONVICTION, Tenn.-Clarence Ma
son and Miss Vera Peeler were married
at the home of w. L. Peeler in Cow
iRgton Thursday. The ceremony was
said by Rev. William James, pastor Of
the First Presbyterian church of Gov
ington.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1920-07-24

BLUE MOUNTAIN, Miss, July "a.
(Spl. miss Annie Jameson, daughter
of John Jameson, Sand Ellis Laughlin,
son of Will Laughlin were married here.
ter a short honeymoon will make their
home in Ripley.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12

allowing Tobin and Sisler to score.
Shanks ended the round by taking
in Tompson's grounder.
Mere hard luck descended upon
Erick N the sixth when the
Browns went into the lead by a
one run margin when they scored
two more TALES with one out, Bill
lings singled and Ellerbs paved the
way foe trouble when he let Well
mans easy rap triekle through his
fingers. Weilman was forced on
Tobin's tap tc ShS mon, Tobin stole
and scored behind Billings when
Gedeon singled to deep left.
With Sisler at bat, Erick was re-
lieved by Courtney, who forced the
star batter to pop to Charity. The
grand stand crowds cheered Erick-
son as he left the field, realizing
the good work he had done under
the handicap Of bad support.
TheBrowns scored two more in
the eighth on Gerber's triple, Bill
lings single ard Rice's nun of
Gedeon's fly.
A determined effort by the Griffs
to tie the score failed by want of
one run in the ninth. Zachary was
injected to pinch hit for Courtney
and made two bases on Thompson's
wild toss of his grounder. Harris
ran for him. Shanks skied out, but
Milan got an infield single, sprain-
ing his ankle as he passed first.
Torres ran for Zeb. Rice doubled
to left. scoring Harris and Torres
crossed the pan on Calvos infield
out. shannon had the opportunity
to bring in the tieing marker, but
popped to Billings.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
By FRANK n. Young.

That golf. like other sports, is
something that cannot be figured
out in advance with any. degree of
certainty was demonstrated in the
third and semi-fnaI rounds of the
District Of Columbia Golf Associa-
tion's championship event on the
Columbia Country Club course yes
terday when three out of four who
were generally expected to come
through with flying colors were
forced to bow to defeat.
In the very first match turned in,
John H. Clapp. the Chevy Chase
crack, was eliminated when he lost
to T. H. Lowe, Of the Washington
Golf and Country Club. Closely
following this came George p.
James defeat at the hands Of M
b. Stevinsoa, while the climax
came in the last match of the third
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
Quaker Newsboy
Socked His Way
To Real Fortune

A great southpaw hand has taken
Lew Tender. Philadelphia light
weight, along fortunes path to the
doors of success and riches-all
within the period OF a half dozen
years.
Literally he has "southpawed" his
way up from a newsboy of the
streets to wealth and to a point in
the lightweight division where he
is the chief contender for Champion
Benny Leonard's title.
Just a Newsie.
Six years ago ne and his present
manager, Phil Glassman, were hust-
ling the extras for the newsies'
tpenny fee.
Today they count their earnings
in the thousands and promoters, who
desire to engage the southpaw for
an evenings work. must talk in
thousands to do business with this
pair.
Tender recently bought a three
story brick home in one of the best
residence districts of Philadelphia
He drives a big Stutz touring car.
He owns valuable real estate and.
being a great admirer of glitter
rocks" he has a small fortune in
vested in diamonds
Quick to capitalize his popular
ity as boxer, in partnership with
Glassman, he runs a smart haber-
dashery shop near Penn Square,
where the fight fans can come in
and buy silk shirts along with
their tickets to Lewis fights.
I'll live but once" says Lew. so
I figure 1 might as we'll have what
l want right now.
II never have to worry about the
financial end of my bouts, Glass
man attends to all that He was
my pal when We were newsboys
together and he is still just the
same to me in our 'southpaw' busi-
ness"
are big. As the money rolls in he
invests 1t where it will grow.
Never Uses AIibi.
He admits that Eddie Fitzsim-
| mons caught him on an off night
recently and outpointed him.
Cant always be at your best,
you know. Boxing is just like any
other business" he says.
The New Yorker won't trouble
! next time IL I'm right, and 1 gen.
orally am. 1t was the first deci-
sion against me since 1 have been
a contender for the crown"
Tender knocked the crown off
| Georges Papin, the French light
weight champion, the other night.
He Is all business in the ring and
his knockout list predominates.
He beat Pinky Mitchell recently.
Just to show he wasn't partial to
any member of the family of fight
ing brothers, he went back To the
Cream City and took on Richie, the
elder.
His chief goal now is a match
with Leonard for the title. His rec
ord proves him the logical light
weight to take a shy at the belt.
The weight question seems to be up
to Benny since Tender is a natural
lightweight, never Weighing over
133 pounds. This is the best even
bet big match on the ring horizon
just now.
They generally, consider a lefty
in the boxing ring clumsy. but Lew
is so smooth in his work that he
makes his opponents look awkward.
Tender is still boy. His success
has come early in life.- He Is just
old enough to vote.
"Twenty-one and riches" and
his southpaw did It,
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
|STEVINSONTO PLAY FINKENSTAEDTIN IN FINAL Aa
49, ROUND>FOR DISTRICT GOLF TITLE AT COLUMBIA

Of the game, especially on his ap-
proaches and short game.
Finkenstaedt continued the bril-
liant golf he has been playing dur
ing the past few weeks. Against
Mattingly he went around in IL
equalline John Davidson's old mark
and coming within two strokes Of
I the new course record he estab-
lished last week.
Finkenstaedt In Form.
Mattingly did not shoot bad
game but simply could not do any
thing against Finkenstaedtts bril-
liant game. losing and 6. He con-
tinued his good work in the semi
finals against Mackenzie. going out
in 81 and ending this match ON the
twelfth green. 2 and 6.
In the other semi-hnal round
match, Stevinson was forced to the
last hole in order to win. He was i
down at the turn and they were
all even on No. Is, the next two
being halved.
Stevinson and Finkenstaedt will
meet in the finals today at thirty
six holes, the first round of which
will be played in the morning with
the last eighteen holes scheduled
for the afternoon.
Summaries:
Third round-T. II. Lowe Cwashington).
defeated John ii. Clapp Chevy Chsse). .
and /; NJ. B. STEVENSON tColumbis). de-
feated George p. James (Columbis1, s and
Z; Robert Finkenstaedt (Columbis), defeat
ed Arthur s. Msttingly tColumbia). Z and
3: Albert r. Mackenzie tColumbia), de-
feated Walter r. Tuckerman Chevy Chase),
. and /.
semi-hnaI round-stevinson defeated Lowe.
1 up; Finkenstsedt defeated Mackenzie, u
and 8.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
BELMONT RESULTS
y,-,. R,o-v,o. ch,,,u,, ,os INCA

First Race-vice Chairman, 103 tMcAtee).
0 to 10, TO 4. out; War Machine. 100
Mooney, Z to 10. out; Tattle, 30 Gala
han), even. Night Stick also ran.
Second Race-Ticket, IA (Crawford), Z
to ?, even. l to 2; Sea Sun. 142 (Simsl, to
!, to 1; Blue Laddie. 1877 tkeetingD, out.
Earlocker, King Terry and Surf Queen also
ran.
Third Raoe-Dsy Lilly. 105 (Kelsay), even,
] to 4, out; Polythia, 105 (MeAtee),' to
8, out; Chow, lis PA rringto even. Little
Dear. George Bovee and Gypsy Lad also ran
Fourth Raoe-Aurum. 112 (Buxtonl, TO
5, i to 4, out; Tapaguer. Ill Fator). even,
] 10 3; Beauty Sleep. 100 Mooney, 10 /.
Leo l., Kebo, Calvert and Lady Archie also
ran.
Fifth Race-Feodor. lis (Kummerl, IL to
I, to 1. 5 to 9; Fair Gain. 115 CTurnerl, 4
TO l. TO /; Tn Wagner. 115 tAmbroseD. Z
10 10. Gallagher, Sycamore. King Albert.
Mr.. Brummel. Lovely, Franc Tireur, Irish
Dancer and Jadda also ran.
Sixth Raoe-Dimmesdale, 100 (TurnerD.
10 l. 4 to 3, l 10 8; 0riole, 121 lRowanD, 2
TO l, even; Tottie. 1ls lKummer), to 8.
Snare, Houyhnhnm, The Bohemian, Day
light Saving and Phoenix also ran.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
Best Bet-Man o. War.

LATONIA SELECTIONS.
First Race Julia N, Bottina,
Present.
second Race-Jack Hare, Jr.,
Rapid Day, Out the Way.
Third Race-Minto End, Court
ship, Drastic.
Fourth Race-Brunswick, Runxaf,
Some Baby.
Fifth Race-GIadiator. Jones en-
try, Upset.
sixth Race Marjoria Hynes,
westwood, Blue Paradise.
seventh Race-star Realm. Sun
God. Lazy Lou.
Best Bet-Minto End.
MONTREAL SELECTIONS.
First Race-Ross entry, Voormel.
woodrose.
second Race-Aconi. Lucky John,
Primo.
Third Race - Milkmnid, Fore
ground, Soldat de Verdun.
Fourth Race - Grimth's entry,
Dayton entry.
Moore, Resist.
Sixth Race Hush, Trickster,
Who Cares.
seventh Race-KiIkenny, Betsin-
da, Cousin o. Mine.
Best Bet-MiIkmaid.
Best Bet Of the Day-Man o. War.
Best Take-a-Chance Bet-Minto
End.
Best Parlay - MfIkmaid. Mimic.
End, Jack Hare, Jr., a place.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
PEESTINA TO MEET
ZBYSZKO FOR TITLE

New York, June 12.-Stanislaus
Zbyszko and Marin Plestina will
meet in New York Labor Day to
decide which is entitled 90 be de-
clared the heavyweight champion
by the international Sporting Club,
II Joe Stecher refuse, to answer
the challenge Of the club.
Neither Jack Herman. Manager
of Zbyszko. nor J. c. Marsh, man.
ager of Plestina, have signed ar
ticles of agreement but both have
submitted the terms for a match
here. Herman wants a $4,000
guarantee. but is expected to shave
1t to $4,000
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
und .when Albert R. Mackenzie

round .when Albert r. Mackenzie
won from Walter r. Tuckerman.
Clapp has been playing good golf
lately, but was not quite up to his
usual standard yesterday, while
Lowe was going great guns" and
the latter won this match, 2 and 1.
James went all to pieces in his
match against Steyinson. who was
very steady. and this match ended
quickly. s and z.
In. the Mackenzie Tuckerman
match the latter played a very
good game, but was simply out
played by the Columbia player,
who was good in all departments
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
SIR THOMAS Upton
ARRIVES FOR RACES

New York, June 11.-Sir Thomas
Upton was among the distin-
guished passengers aboard the
White Star Liner Celtic when she
docked this morning.
Sir Thomas manifested consider
able interest in the condition of
the boats in the forthcoming yacht
race. and said that he would be
aboard the Shamrock " all
through the tuning-up period. but
not on the day of the race. When
asked what he thought of his
chances he smiled and said:
I've been at il for twenty-one
years now and / really think I'll
lift the cup this time"
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
0oLIYERs & SCto2eMnEAESsh q
ASPORTof KINGS -
ID RERIASQlk4A

Julia NJ.
This maverick disappointed last time. However,
with the change in track conditions IL is fair to
presume she will private trial; II she does
1t will be little puff of smoke, good night" She
fly. Bettina. sleeper from the Milan stable.
is the most to be feared. This has been
buck jumping down the long stretch three furlongs
around o.35 Crescent should hold the others safe.
Jack Hare. Jr, who has been freshened up. looks
like the winner of the second spasm. This horse
always his best right off the reel His private
trials have been excellent Rapid Day is good. game
consistent while Out the Way is speedy but very
fant-hearted
Brunswick. who is given the best bet of
the day, is sterling youngster. one in fact that
has shown trial bordering the sensational He
,oints Runzaf and Some Baby in the order named
.eal he good word is KeWessa Billy divers meal
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12

Totals. .3s Is "a III Totals. ..A II n Is
sBatted for Miljus in the ninth.
st. Louis .......... 90 2 I IS o 2-io
Brooklyn ............ 90 OIL o o. ?
2. Fournier 5. McHenry, Johnston, Konetchy
Errors-stock, Olson. Three-base hits =
Konetchy. Grifnth .. Janvrin. McHenry.
Two-bsse hits-Hornsby. Johnston, Kilduff,
Smith. Base on balis-0n Mitchell. l. Struck
out-By Miljps. 3. Double plays-Hornsby
to Lavan to Fourier; Hornsby to yanvrfn to
Fournier. Sacrifice hits-Konetchy, Good
win 2, Stock. J. Smith. Stolen bases -
fournier. Miller. Baik-By Miljus. HIT By
pitched ball-Fournier.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
STANDING OF THE CLUBS
National League.

INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE.
Syracuse, 1; Jersey City. 8.
Baltimore. 8; Reading, o.
Rochester, 2; Buffalo. 8.
Akron. 8; Toronto, 8.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12

Major League Statistics
YEsrxnDAY's aEsuLrA

YEsrxRpAY's REsuLrh
American Lsagns.
st. Louis. 8; Washington. 7. &
Chicago. 5; Boston, 4.
Cleveland. 8: philadelphia. =
New York. 5; Detroit, o.
National League.
Sc. Louis. 10; Brooklyn. =.
New York, Q; Cincinnati, =
Philadelphia. s; Chicago. 3.
Boston, 3; Pittsburg, o.
CANES TODAY.
American Leagus.
Washington at Chicago.
New York at Cleveland.
Boston at st. Louis.
Philadelphia at Detroit.
National League.
Pittsburg at Philadelphia.
Cincinnati at Brooklyn.
Chicago at Boston.
st. Louis at New York Z
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12

Totals 900. 81 q II
'Batted for Courtney in ninth.
Tran for Zachary In ninth.
tran for Milan In ninth.
st. Louis s... 1000 202 Ks
nasnlnktOh .......... : " U -
Runs Batted In-Rice, Roth 2, Jacobson =,
Charity, Shanks, Gedeon 2. Billings. Two
base Hits-Shannon, 0'Neill. Charity and
Rice. Three-base Hits-Gerber. Home Run
Jacobson. Sacrifice Hits-Shannon, Gedeon,
Weilman, Shoeker. Milan. Double Pays -
Gedeon, Sisler. Stolen Bases-Shan nks, Tobfn
Bases on Balls-On Erickson, 4; on Well
man, 1; on Courtney, 1. Pitching Record
on Erickson, hits runs In 3 % innings;
on Weilman, IL hits runs In innings
Left on Bases-St- Louis, z; Washing ton. Z.
Umpires-Messrs. Naliin and Dineen. Time
Of Game-2:0S
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
Cards Trim Dodgers.

! Erooklyn. N. Y, June 1.-THE st.
Louis Cardinals took the fral game
of the series from the Robins here
tcdayNby a score of 10 to 2. The
Dodgers were held safe at all times.
The score:
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
TOHNSTON'S RECORD
EQUALLED BY BURRUS

Burrus, first baseman for the Ath-
letics, made six assists in yester-
days game. This equals the seasons
record of the same number made
by Johnston Of Cleveland en- May %.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12
Love on Thin Ice.

San Francisco.-"Slim" Love, the
bean-pole twirler who trained with
the Detroit Tigers this spring. is
skating on thin ice with the Seals.
He isn't in shape.
The Washington herald., 1920-06-12

Runs-Chspman. Speaker, Wood, wamby,
Bagby, Perkins, Moore. Error-Thomas.
Struck out-By Moore. i; by Bagby. 2.
Bases on balls-On Moore, 8; Bagby, 2
Double play-Dykes TO Burrus. Stolen
bases-Chspman, .; Speaker. Sacrifice hits
Dykes, Evans. Johnston. Hit by pitcher
Perkins, Evans. Balk-Moore. Umpires-
Hildebrand and Evans.