davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
MOTORTRUCK is
BIG TIME-SAVER
That Is Greatest Advantage as
Expressed by Farmers in
Many Eastern States.
WORK STOCK NOT CUT DOWN
Majority Of Owners overied Located
Considerable Distance From Mar
ket-one-Ton Trucks Meet
With General Approval.

"wbat do you find TO be the great
est advantage OF owning a motor
truck?'
OF T53 farm owners OF mot0rirucks
who were asked this question by the
United States department Of agricul-
ture, ei per cent said saving time"
About . per cent OF these men had
found better markets since buying
their trucks. but 80 per cent OF them
had not cut down the number OF their
work stock by as much as a single
head. while less than one man In ten
had cut down his work stock more
than two head.
(which merely goes 10 show" says
a department specialist In farm pow
ct, "how difficult II is 10 arrive at
definite conclusion in a matter like
this motortruck study we have just
completed. II would certainly appear
that any saving attributable to the
motortruck on the farm is In time
saved rather than In expense Most
Of these men think that the profits ac-
cruing from the saving In time more
than oyerbalance any extra expense
entailed by the use of the motor
truck. II Is significant that the ma
jority OF these farmers are located a
considerable distance from market.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

removing them from the coop each day
they will become tame. In handling
the birds move quietly and handle
them gently so as not to frighten
them.
All white varieties of fowls, such as
the White Leghorns, White Plymouth
Rocks, etc, and those having consid-
cradle white plumage, such as Colum-
bian Plymouth Rocks and Light
Brahmas. and even the bun varieties.
should be washed in order to make
the best possible showing when ex-
hibited. Dark-colored fowls, such as
Rhode Island Reds, Barred Plymouth
Rocks. etc. need not be washed un-
less their plumage is considerably
solled. The head, feet and shanks,
however. Of all varieties should be
properly cleaned as described below.
Wash the birds in room or build
ing that is free from drafts and where
the temperature is from 40 degrees to
80 degrees. The washing should be
done in the morning so that the birds
will have sufficient time to dry OFF
completely before night.
Washing the Fowls.
Each tub should contain enough wa.
ter TO cover the body of the bird when
immersed. II possible to obtain IL,
clean rainwater should be used, as
hard water will not produce as salts
factory results as soft water. Any
pure white toilet soap may be used
for washing. The water In the first
two tubs should be heated to a tenn
perature that will be comfortable to
the hand. while the water In the third
and fourth tubs may be slightly cool
er. Before beginning to wash the
fowl. soap the water In the first tub
well so that there will be plenty of
suds floating on the surfece; next,
proceed to wash the face. comb, wat
ties, shanks and feet of the fowl by
scrubbing these parts with a small
nail brush and plenty of soap and wa
ter. After this Is done, immerse the
bird In the tub. Before actually ap-
plying any OF the soap TO the fowl be
sure to see that the water has thor.
oughly penetrated all parts of the
plumage so that the bird is soaked to
the skin. Next, apply the soap by
working up good lather through ali
parts OF the plumage OF the fowl with
the fingers. Remove as much OF the
soap as possible from the bird before
immerslng II in the second rub. When
oven n fraCQ 0f moan iS laft In ,hs.
feathers II viii cause them to appear
streaked and matted together when
dry. In rinsing the feathers be sure
to see that the water penetrates all
parts OF the plumage The use OF a
small sponge will assist In removing
the soap. After four or FIVE fowls
have been washed, change the water
In all the tubs before washing other
fowls.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
MAKING UP" is
NOT EASY WORK
Appearance Is Everything to
Fowl Which Is Going to Be
Exhibited al Show.
BEAUTY AIDS ARE APPLIED
Some Worthwhile Suggestions on
How to Prepare Birds Are Given
by Poultry Experts Of Depart
nent OF Agriculture.

The night Of the contest no pains
are spared By the contestants In a
beauty show TO make themselves at
tractive: and Mrs. Biddy is no excep-
ton TO the rule. nor is Mr.. Biddy, for
that matter. They want TO look their
best when the days of poultry shows
draw near. All kinds OF beauty aids
are given them by their owner-to put
a gloss on their feathers and 10 mani
cure their bills and feet.
Exhibiting their poultry at the close
OF the year Is part Of the work % the
boys and girls Of the poultry clubs or
ganized by the United States depart
ment Of agriculture and the state col
leces- Some Worthwhile suggestions
on how to prepare the birds for ex-
hibltion purposes are made by poultry
specialists OF the department After
the individual birds have been select
ed (care being taken that they are as
near the American standard of per-
fection as pOssible) the following care
should be- given. they say:
Worthwhile Hints.
Remove the birds selected from the
rest Of the flock and place each bird
In an exhibition coop for at least a
portion Of each day. Fowls so con-
fined win become accustomed to the
coop and by handling them-that is,
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
DRINKING WATER IN SUMMER
Fountains and Other Watering De-
vices Should Be Placed In Shady
Places In Hot Season.

During hot weather keep drinking
fountains and other watering sevices
for poultry In shady places. Not only
does the shade keep the water cooler,
but Il results In less evaporation.
Whether the drinking receptacle is in
the shade or not may determine
whether the poultry have plenty Of
water 10 drink or whether they go
thirsty until the attendant notices the
lack OF water. Successful poultry
management depends on many details
OF which the proper care CT drinking
water, according TO poultry specialists
OF the United States department OF
agriculture. is one OF the most i'm.
portant.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

On removing the fowl from The enai
tub blot the surface Of the feathers
with a Turkish towel to remove the
surplus water Do not, under any cir
cumstances, rub the feathers with the
towel, as this may cause considerable
damage to the plumage. Next, place
the bird In coop. Should the fowl
appear cold and shiver' when placed in
the COOP move II closer TO the stove
or other source Of heat.
Drying the Feathers.
Do not place the coop close to the
stove for any length Of time, as II
may cause the feathers to dry too
quickly, In which case they are apt to
curl instead Of drying smooth and
straight. Should the bird, on the 9TH
er hand, appear too warm. move the
coop or increase the distance between
the coop and the stove. The birds
after being washed should be kept In
this room at temperature Of about
20 degrees for at least II or IA hours
before being shipped.
When the fowl Is thoroughly dry.
closely examine the shanks and feet
to make sure that there is no dirt re-
naming under or around the scales
on the legs. Such particles Of dirt
may easily be removed with q tooth
pick. 1t is well, at this time, also to
moisten small cloth with a little
sweet or olive oil or yaseline and rub
1t on the shanks, wattles, ear lobes,
face and comb. This will help consid-
erably to bring ont the true color Of
these parts. Do not apply too much
oil or vaseline to the head or shanks
as 1t may tend to soil the plumage.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

inch wide and one-quarter inch thick.
Measure the fruit and add half
the quantity of sugar and let
stand until the sugar Is dissolved
which may be day. Drain of
the juice and boil It FIVE minutes
then add the fruit and cook FIVE min
utes or less. Spread the pineapple on
a plate In the sun, turn and when dry
roll in granulated sugar and pack
in boxes with waxed paper between
the layers. This Is an especially de-
licious confectiOn.
Peach Conserve.
Take FIVE and one-half pounds OF
peaches. FIVE pounds OF sugar. two
medium sized oranges. and one pound
each of walnuts and seedless ralsins.
Peel the peaches and remove the
stones and cut In small pieces. Put
the raislns and oranges through the
meat chopper and cut the nut meats
into coarse pieces. Stir all together,
add sugar and cook slowly until OF
the consistency of jam, stirring often
TO keep from scorching. This makes
about eighteen glasses. Cover with
paraflln when cool.
Indian Chutney.
Take two quarts each Of tart apples
and green tomatoes, two pounds of
seedless raisins, three cupfuls each OF
brown sugar and vinegar. one small
onion, two cupfuls OF lemol juice, one
teaspoonful OF red pepper, one-half
cupful OF salt and small Jar OF pre-
served ginger. Pare and core the ap-
Piles and put them with the tomatoes
and onions through the meat chopper,
also the rnisins Mix all the lngredi-
ents In stone Jar and let stand over
night. In the morning set .he jar into
a kettle OF cold water. heat slowly and
cook six hours, stirring often. Put into
Jars and seal.
Tongue Salad.
This Is salad nice for a luncheon
dish. Take one-third each of boiled
tongue finely minced. celery and po-
tato, add minced parsley and serve
with a highly seasoned dressing.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
TREES TO CUT FOR IMPROv-
ING THE WOODS.

Trees which are well suited
for firewoOd. and the removal Of
which will he an Improvement
TO the remaining trees In the
stand.
Trees which have been over
topped by others and have had
their growth stunted.
Diseased trees. or trees seri-
ously injured by insect attacks.
or trees extremely liable to such
injury; for example. chestnut
in the region subject to blight
or birch In the gipsy-moth area.
Badly fire Scared trees.
Trees Of the less-valuable spe-
cles, such as beech. birch. black
oak. blackjack oak. or black
gum. crowdlng the more valu-
able sugar maple. white or
short-leaf pines, yellow poplar.
or white oak.
Crooked trees and large
crowned. short-boled trees
which will not make good lum-
ber and which are crowdlng or
overtopplng others.
Slow-growing trees crowdlng
fast-growing species OF equal
value.
Sound dead trees both stand
ing and down.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
GREATEST DEMAND IS
FOR SMALL R0ASTERS
Moderately Fat Young Fowl Is
Most Satisfactory.
Where Chickens Have Been Properly
Raised and Are In Good Healthy
Condition About Ten Days
Fatteninq Is Favored.

For roasting. young fowl about full
grown, but still soft-meated, is used.
and to roast satisfactorily 1t must be
moderately fat. Roasters are roughly
classed as "small roasters" and ''large
roasters." The greatest demand is for
small roasters weighing four or five
pounds each, though the demand for
large roasters weighing eight or nine
pounds each is steadily increasing.
Yellow skin and yellow legs varieties
are more generally demanded in
roaster than white skin and dark
legs, and usually bring better prices.
poultry specialists of the United
States department of agriculture say.
II the chickens have been properly
grown and are In good healthy condi-
tion. about ten or twelve days confine-
ment in pen and small yard with fat
tening feed will put them In as good
condition as is desirable. They should
then be dressed and packed according
TO market demands. The growing and
marketing of roosrers is an important
business In some parts of the country,
especially In the vicinity of large
cities. Near Boston. in what is known
as the South Shore" district, the pro-
duction of roasters engages tine atten-
tion of many people, several of whom
make 1t an exclusive business. A
poultryman living near a good market
or having good shipping facilities
which bring good market near him
can often dispose of his surplus cock
erels as roasters to good advantage.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

average amount received per year by
those who DO such work Is STA.
ON the average there are about
eight weeks during the year when the
roads are In such condition on account
Of mud, snow, etc. that these trucks
cannot be used. The roads on which
three-fourths Of them usually travel
are all or part dirt.
About one-fourth OF the farmers
have changed their markets for at
least a part Of their produce since
purchasing trucks. For those who
have changed markets. the average
distance to the old market Is seven
miles. and the average distance TO the
new market Is % miles.
Average Life Nearly Seven Years.
The owners estimate ihat. on the
average. their trucks travel 3.S2O miles
per year and are used on i73 days per
year.
The average life Of the trucks Is be-
tween six and one-half and seven
years, and In most cases. depreciation
Is the largest single item Of expense
In connection with their operation.
Most OF the owners Of one-half and
three-fourths ton trucks prefer pneu-
matte tires. the owners Of one-ton
trucks are about evenly divided in
their preference. and most Of the own
ers OF trucks larger than one ton pre-
fer solid tires.
over two-thirds OF the trucks had
not been out OF commission when
needed for n single day during the
year covered by the report, and near
ly the same proportion Of the owners
stated that they hsd not lost any ap-
preciable time on account OF motor
and tire trouble. breakage. etc. when
using their trucks However. about
one truck In thirty had been out OF
commission ten days or more.
The average cost OF operation OF
the onehalf-ton trucks was about 8
cents per mile; OF the three-fourths-
ton trucks about 13 cents; Of the one
ton about IL cents: OF the IL and If
ton about ~ cents. and Of the two-ton
about 20 cents.
The average cost Of hauling crops.
Including the value Of the drivers
time at 30 cents an hour. was about
80 cents per ton-mlle with the one
trucks, "a cents with the
20 cents with the
"a cents with the IL and
lls-ton. and IS cents with the two-ton
trucks.
Lessen Cost OF Farm Help.
About four-fifths Of the men state
that their trucks decrease their ex-
pense for hired help. On the average
they estimate that this decrease
amounts TO 1924 per year.
over half OF the 2O5 truck owners
whose farms contain more than 100
crop acres own tractors. The number
Of work stock kept on the farms where
both trucks and tractors are owned Is
only slightly less than the number
kept on farms OF corresponding size
where only trucks are owned.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

more than four-ffths OF them being
five miles or more from their shipping
points, and the saving in time effect
ed by their use OF trucks IL naturally
greater than IL would be on the aver
age farm. which lies nearer to mar
ket than do most OF the farms con-
cerned in this Investigation. The ex-
perience OF the I53 farmers who have
contributed TO this study should en-
able the farmer himself TO judge with
a fair degree of accuracy as 10
whether the motortruck would prove
advantageous under his conditions"
y Investigation In Eastern States.
The investigation I'm question was
made during the past winter and
spring. Farmers In the states OF
Maine. New Hampshire. Vermont,
Massachusetts,, Rhode Island. Connec-
tIcut. New York. New Jersey. Pennsyl.
vania, Delaware and Indiana. who
have motortrucks for use on their
own farms, were asked to report 10
the department the types and sizes OF
their farms. the use they make OF
their trucks. me cost OF operating
them. the advantages and dlsadvan.
tages OF trucks for farm use. and 9th.
er related information.
A study OF the reports OF I53 OF
these farmers has Just been completed
by the Office of farm management and
farm economics. The farms which
these men operate are OF all sizes and
types, and the motorirucks are OF all
sizes. from one-half to FIVE tons. The
rated capacity OF very few of the
trucks Is greater than two tons, how
ever, and nearly half OF them are OF
the one-ton size.
Among the important facts revealed
by the investigation may be men,
toned the following:'
Only 1s per cent of these farms are
less than five miles from market and
nearly one-fourth Of them are 20 miles
or more from market.
Ninety-fiye per cent Of the farmers
believe that their trucks will turn out
10 be profitable investments.
one-ton trucks are preferred by
more men than prefer any other size.
About half OF the owners OF one-half
and three-fourths ton trucks prefer
sizes larger than they now own.
In the opinions of these men the
principal disadvantage OF a motortruck
is poor roads"
Trucks Efficient Time Savers.
As compared with horses and
wagons. the trucks save from one-aalf
TO two-thirds Of the time required for
hauling materials to and from these
farms.
These farmers have return loads for
their trucks about one-four;h OF the
time.
A majority of them stlll use their
horses for some road hauling.
On the majority OF the farms all
the hauling other than road hauling
is done with horses and wagons.
About one-fourtb OF the men do some
custom hauling with their trucks. The
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
FORESTRY INCREASES THE
FARM INCOME BY

1. Making waste lands yield
profit by growing timber on
poor soils, steep slopes. rocky
lands, wet lands, unused cor
ners, quilted or eroded lands.
2. Furnishing paying employ
ment for men and teams during
the winter.
3. Utilizing timber better on
the farm and avoiding waste
by cutting low stumps and small
tops. using substitute woods in
construction. treating non-last-
ing woods.
4. Increasing crop Yields by
planting forest-tree windbreaks.
o. Growing more and better
timber on the farm through pro-
tecting the woods from fire and
oyergrazing; selecting for cut
ting the mature. defective, over
crowded and inferior kinds OF
trees. and leaving the straight,
thrifty and better kinds; plant
ing TO fill up openings in wood
lands.
Q. Marketing the higher
grades Of wood products direct
TO consumers at fair prices in
the form OF saw logs, poles.
piling, cooperage bolts. handle
bolts, posts. pulp wood. fire
wood, spoke blocks. tannin wood
and bark.
MAKE YOUR WOODLAND
PERMANENTLY PROFIT.
ABLE.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25


chopped. Put in eolander and
sprinkle with a quarter Of a cupful OF
salt. Let stand one hour, drain and
wash. then drain again. Stir one
tablespoonful OF turmeric into : cup
full of sugar; add TO 1t one quart OF
vinegar and bring 10 boil. Put In the
cucumbers and onions and boil up
once. Put away in jars well sealed.
Oil Pickles.
Take 100 cucumbers one-half TO one
inch In diameter. slice without peel
Ing very thin. sprinkle one pint Of salt
over them and let stand over night
with one-half dozen small onions
sliced thin. Drain. but do not wash,
mix with one-fourth pound each of
white mustard seed. black mustard
seed. four tablespOonfuls Of celery
seed and one-thIrd of a pint Of olive
oil. Stir until well blended and add
cold vinegar, good snappy vinegar, TO
cover. Put in glass Jars and seal.
Keep in a cool place. Those who like
olive oil never tire of this kind OF
pickle.
Canning Tomatoes Whole.
Take gallon of water. a cupful of
salt and when boiling hot drop In
whole firm. ripe tomatoes. Let cook un-
I'll tender but not mushy. remove with
skinner or perforated spoon TO the
jar and fill. packing them well. They
make their own juice. Seal carefully
and IN the winter you may serve whole
tomatoes as vegetable or salad.
Crab Apple Jelly.
Wash and core sufficient apples TO
weigh four pounds. add two quarts of
cold water, boil and cook for twenty
minutes. To each pint of liquid add
one-half pound OF sugar. Put the Juice
In the kettle and the sugar in the oven
TO heat, boil the juice for ten minutes.
add the sugar, cook three minutes
and pour into the tumblers.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

IF all the trees in all the wood could
take on mortal form
And leave the place where they have
stood through sunshine and through
storm.
The mighty oak would be a knight
In armor strong and rare:
The slender birch with dress 50 white
would be a lady fair"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

tender In the same water. Drain. re-
move the stones and cut in pieces
Soak half a box OF gelatin in one-half
cupfui OF cold water; add enough boil
ing water TO the hot prune liquid to
make pint; pour over the soaked gel
attn and strain the whole over four
bananas, cut in cubes. Heat TO the
scalding point, add three-quarters cup
ful OF sugar, three-quart rs cupful Of
lemon juice. pieces OF prunes. Q little
grape juice; stir until the sugar Is
dissolved. Turn into a mold and set
aside to become firm. When cold
turn from the mold and serve with
whipped cream.
Esealloped Bananas.
Stir one-quarter OF a cupful Of It.
ter into one pint of bread crumbs.
Sprinkle the bottom of pudding dish
with the crumbs, cover with sliced ba-
nanes and sprinkle with sugar and Gin
namon. Repeat the layers until the
crumbs are used. Add q little lemon
juice or hot water, cover and bake %
minutes, then remove the cover and
brown. Serve as a dessert, with
cream and sugar.
Fruit Punch.
Boil together four cupfuls of sugar
and four cupfuls OF water fifteen min
utes. When cool, add the Juice of four
lemons and six oranges, the pulp OF
four bananas. a pint OF strawberry
juice and a cupful of fresh tea; let
stand on fee until serving time, then
add six quarts Of ice water, pint or
two of apolllnaris water. Add two
bananas sliced in one-quarter-inch
slices.
Compete Of Bananas With Orange
Sirup.
Prepare thick rich sirup of orange
juice, rind and sugar. Cool and pour
over pyramid of peeled bananas
Sprinkle with chopped pistachio nuts;
chill and serve.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

TO have n formu.
la for making II
at home.
Candied Pine
apple.
Peel the fruit
and cut 1t In
strips two inches
long and half an
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
-zy1GEMERAL
5EARM5NOTES

Rotation keeps the ground free from
insect and fungous pests.
Are you systematlzlng your work.
To save time is TO lengthen life.
Machinery viii last twice as long
Il you keep 1t oiled, clean and adjust
ed.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25
THE
KITCHEN
CABINET

Keep q daily account: 1t will be a
most convincing truth OF wastsfulness
n you are wasteful. and OF your ex-
travagance " you are extravagant.
Of your Independence and good sense
" you possess these qualities Der
tina J. Richardson
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1920-11-25

be taken out in the water. Skim of
the fat when II is cold.
Creole Loaf.
Take one and onaSalf pounds of
chopped meat, pork and beef mixed.
one and one-half onions chopped. one
half can of tomatoes, salt. pepper ard
one-half cupful of rolled oats. MI
well and bake and serve with tomato
sauce.
Potatoes au Gratin.
Boil the potatoes In their jackets,
peel and chop rather coarsely. Put
the potatoes into a baking dish. pour
over them a white sauce and a sprink.
ling OF grated cheese. Put into the
oven, cover with buttered crumbs and
bake until the crumbs are brown.
Never.Fail Cake.
Take one cupful OF New Orleans
molasses, one teaspoonful of soda. one
tablespoonful OF butter or lard. nut
meg. ginger, cinnamon or vanilla for
fiavoring. add one-half cupful OF milk
and a pinch of salt with flour to make
soft batter. Add the soda to a
spoonful of warm water, then pour
that into the molasses; stir until II
foams. Bake in layer tins or loaf.
Mock Angel Food.
Sift several times one cupful of
flour and three teaspoonfuls OF baking
powder. add one cupful of boiling hot
milk. stir smooth, fold in the whites
of two eggs beaten stiff and haks In
loaf forty minutes.
Almond Cakes.
Take one-haif cupful each of sugar
and butter, one egg. one.half teaspoon
full Of cinnamon, one-fourth teaspoon
full of cloves. the same OF grated nut
meg. one-half of lemon rlnd. grated.
two teaspoonfuls of orange Juice and
two cupfuls Of -four. Mix and bake
in a slow over.
N.A. hlAt~saQ