davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

Vienna, Austria under date of May 22 in which the most distressing conditions are ted,-condition which make our little troubles in America seem trival in comparison.
 Some of the prices quoted are as follows: Flour, S120 per one hun dred pounds; lard and butter, $3 per pound; meat, S225 per pound; potatoes, IS cents a pound; eggs, 30 cents apiece; vegetables, 50 cents a pound; firewood, 31a cents a pound; coal, $150 a ton; clothing, S60 a suit; shoes, $50 a pair. When it is considered that the salaries of the majority of the government clerks, if they are married and have as many as two children, averages $37.S0 month, we may all be glad that we live in American rather than Austria.
 The letter gives the following de- tails of conditions:
 "The misery and distress which the war has brought to the people of Austria has had it's most deleter- ious effects eupon the salaried em- ployees and @especially upon those employed in the various government al bureaus. It is no exaggeration to say that nothing but utter ruin and starvation stares us in the face unless generous friends come to our rescue.
 "The food ration which the state allows to a family of 4 persons per week is: 6 ounces of lard, pounds of flour, s pounds of bread, 4 pounds of potatoes, i pound and s ounces of sugar. Meat, milk, eggs and butter we cannot purchase at all as they come under the cate gory of luxuries and can be bought only at an exorbitant price and only in clandestine trade. I
 "As you see, the food rations allowed us by the authorities are totally inadequate to satisfy even our most necessary food wants Owing to under-nourishment, dis eases are spreading in an alarming way. Our children especially, suf- fer most from malnutrition, are far below their normal physical de- velopment and because they are less able to offer resistance become an easy prey to disease.
 "These figures show you that it is utterly impossible for us to make ends meet with our present salary which must seem to you a mere pittance.
 ''Upon the advice of the Ameri- can Relief Administration, which has instituted relief system in Az. f C. significance, we are taking the lib- erty of appealing to you to make it possible for us to get food. Please send us FOOD DRAFTS of the AMERICAN RELIEF ADMIN lSrRATlON, purehasable at any BANK, which when presented at
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

school and private school systems.
 The creation of the County Board of Education and the employment of a superintendent for each coun- ty, which becomes effective Jan- uary 1, 1921, is another of the for ward steps that will count for pro- gress.
 And yet we are only at the be- ginning. The people have shown that they are willing to pay and pay literally for education. They have voluntarily increased the max imum tax from seven to twelve mills; they have advocated and ap- proved the heavy increases made in teachers salaries throughout the state; they have always been will ing to pay for the erection of the
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

the deductions are based, the re- suit is none the less appalling. This does not mean that no advance has been made in Arkansas, for we all know there has been very decid- ed improvement in recent years, but it does mean that other states have advanced more rapidly and that Arkansas is consequently at the foot of the ladder.
 Educational interests of the state have taken a forward step in re- cent years. The State Normal has become one of our most important institutions, the university is be- ing more generously supported and patronized than ever before, the four agricultural schools are do- ing a splendid work, and there is a marked improvement in the high
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

most modern school buildr,, other equipment with the bs', ]! paratus available. There is m ' CT tax the people pay so wiIa, and cherefully. There is a ns ment for an amendment h constitution, eliminating the N mum and permitting each dt1 to levy any amount it may dl necessary for it's educationa quirements. Such an amepdn| will have only an indifferent NJ sition. While other taxes may burdensome. It is realized d school taxes are an investment
 One of the most progs5 blanks in the proposed conshta| of 1918, which the people reid
The courier-index., 1920-07-02
LITTLE ROCK LETTER
(By Clio Harper)

Little Rock, June 2S.-If the people of Arkansas were compelled Co pay 90 cents for an egg and $50 for a pair of shoes, they might well compalin of the high cost of living. Yet these and similar prices are being paid by some of the peo- ple Of the war torn countries of Europe
 Commissioner of Labor T. A. Wilson. is in receipt of letter from
The courier-index., 1920-07-02
The Most Useful Wood

Of all the many woods available for home building tbo no other so suitable in it's alpurpose adaptability JB ate cost durability beauty and availability as Soutb Pine.
 It occupies place of first importance in almost ~ kind of constructon-for ping ties, trestles beams n ost studdng rafter wherever great strength and en ance are essential Because of it's strength and durab is the natural choice for framing and exterior trim % it is called upon withstand weather wear and because it's dense even texture it's workabty and it's beautifully red grain is the adaptable of any other material interior finish and trim
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

Heroic measures must be adopt ed if Arkansas is to be emancipat- ed from it's position at the bot tom of the list educationally. It is distressing to know that our state occupies the fiftieth place in the record made public by the Russell Sage Foundation. There are only two states below in rank, Mississip- pi and South Carolina. Every one of the southern states, including evenvirginia are classified among those accredited with the poorest educational systems. Even Porto Rico, the Canal Zone and Hawaii are placed ahead of Arkansas. Our state, is accredited with only 33.3% whereas Montana, which leads the Union, has a percentage of 75.8.
 Aside from all question as to the reliability of these statistics and the authenticity of the facts upon which
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

line warehouse of the American Re- lief Administration in this city, guarantees the deliveries of the l food quantities specified in the food drafs.
 "We can assure you that only dire necessity could make us take this momentus step of appealing to the outside world for help. We sincerely trust that our appeal shall not have been made in vain and are counting on the generosity and magnanimity of the American peo- pie"
 The correspondent says that in dividaul food parcels sent from America do not usually reach them and that money does them no good when there is no food to buy The only direct way to provide the re- lief for which these people are in such dire need is by means of the Warehouse Food Draft authorized by the American Relief Administra- ton of 115 Broadway, New York.
 The political situation is rapidly approaching the super-heated stage. This is particularly true of the sen atorial and gubernatorial contests. The candidates for the senate are using long range guns, however, and have not yet gotten together on the same platform. Charge and counter-charge continue to be the principal weapons employed and the people, in the role of referees, de- eide as their personal prejudices may dictate.
 The candidates for governor are shelling the woods vigorously. The whole nine or active, all of them except John Riggs, Harry Walsh and Col. Stroupe have announced com prehensive speaking tours. There are so many that it is not possible to turn them loose on the state at one time and avoid an occasional collision. Some ginger has been supplied by the injection of outside issues into the situation, and press comment in some quarters is remi- niscent of the palmy day of Jeff Davis when that redoubtable cham pion of the people fed fat upon the opposition of the high-collar- ed roosters.
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

Continued on Page 4.l
The courier-index., 1920-07-02

There was only one family that got through the flood and that was because the old man didn't wait for lumber to go down before he started to build
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1920-09-12

i-r = Commerce as IT. rieht arm anc
ln the mater " the ucming fair aS m
either matters 4; - ALWAYS found "a
lend it, columns e. all the publicity the
occasion viii Justify.
In the matter IT IN, -,1nlcy county
agriculture and liy-stu'k exhibit,
which viii De- held in Clarendon Friday
and SATURDAY September 18th and 18th,
The Clslrn dun News has already car.
ri.d something lk, fifteen columns -
publicity and hsfory the final dates will
finish s~hovluiv ~ near twenty five
columns 81 matter calculated g. 10
crease IN, interest in everything per
tanning o. better livestock and more
mudvrn agriculture. besides hcrallins
e. it, larEs circulation the dates AMI
features = the blg fair
Another avenue through which tn.
News offers valuable assistance to the
fair IL through Us advertising columns
/ Clarendon merchants have proven
Themselves fairly liberal In the use ~
adNcItistnE space tor the propagation
20 tlteiT own business and at times like
these, never fail h. call attention To the
| fair In their paid spaces This proves
iu the readers ~ the News that there
u that unity existing In Clarendon IN
| IN, forwarding u every community In
t.rrst Which always bctokeu success.
r" tlc ihoughtfui man. whatever sue
| Cur~ the Donlcy county agriculiuar
and livestock cNhihiis auains. vii he
| mo- small measure ~ Credit given the
| Cl,'.trl',n NcWs and It's staff. fUr their
| uniirug and unS.'lilsh efforts IN IT. hc
| h,lf
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1920-09-12
nov TIiE iRE>i'ON NEWS
tOOPtRtTt> ~ Mtkl>G
riIE FAIR 4 NIT SUCCESS

On, ~ IN" hest managed newspaper,
in the Panhandle. has IT, hum" On Clar
.udur and nu enterprise large ar small.
that has any claim to wogthiuc~S ever
e,'"- begging tor iuNsl support and pub
licliy through IN" columns II Tn. Ciar
.rduu News
The editor and proprietor q This
News j. sam VI nraN,.ll VII" came g.
D. nicN county from central Texas
come thr,. wears agu and ~ "" SAYS
h~ came because ~ wanted Ia since
his coming was matter ~ choice his
staying T. on, 20 preference and ihcr
are mo- stronger l'rs'vrs Ter the Pan
handl. and NOR. especially punlcv cnun.
~ than h. Under his direction Ths
News has built or a Ecnd strong aiyi
cultural and iiv.sfork news service and
the loal editor ! e. Estlack. u rcck
,ncd "nc among the best In this section
Tor handling that class II progressive
news
The News u considered hy the Cham
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1920-09-12
FORT WORTH BON Will.
no WORK IN GERMANY

AUSTIN. Tex sept. '.-Elhrrt
Nauglc ~ F0rt Worth. a former tri.
v'rsiv ~ Texas student r. = member
- a party q Americans. all Rhodes
seh"lai- sent from oxford tniVc, siiv
20 Berlin % asSis, In Y. ". g \. relief
work iu connection with the rpltria'
ton - Russian prisoners. according
g. word received here. Naugl. 70
,'iNrd his d'grr, - the University u
Texas IN 1915 and wldlc doing post
graduate work IN. following year re-
oeivcd his appointment ~ Rhodes
srholar from Texas Recently b. mas
been engaged IN y. NJ. &. \. work IN
Bombay. India.
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1920-09-12

NJ = /. NstluI Superintendent.
Sv.,tsi D.. ttfos and r",otd book SO.
u-d y,.r riris. best trio iari ~ rock
best trio whit. ROB best trio black
hrashtr bss' 'Iln white llngshtn best
'rin l.hud. l-lard r''is best THO black
uinwcn. h.g tao white minurra. best
irtn brown i'ghorn lest trio whit" leg
HON
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1920-09-12
LIST OF AWARDS
AND PRIZES
& snnins

Canning.
rpr nuwh,r 20 cans ~ tomatoes. IN"
0usrt "uur"i beans. "n" quart baby
hrU's earned. not pirkl"d one quart
s-rnsd okr, go" guaIf tomato okla
.ur,ltn. siIrdprf r',iI"' IN" quart
ri-i 'ad oriony, uur utlrt soup mixture
two = ounce i7Is - tomato 80 fruit pre-
,c-vry' w. rim i,rs ~ watermelon rind
~ 'eer,'s. remember that '1rh product
must T.. ir ''uuir"d ,ouiain.r
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
ORIGIN OF THE CHRISTMAS
STOCKING.

From Italy comes the legend from
which we are supposed to get the time
honored custom of hanging up the
Christmas stocking. Good old st.
Nicholas of Padua used to throw long
knitted purses, tied at both ends, into
the open windows of the very poor
people. These purses were of yarn
and not unlike footless stocking.
Finally it became the custom of the
people to hang these long empty re-
ceptacles out of their windows on the
night before Christmas, so that St.
Nicholas could put gift into them
as he passed by. BY and by when
coins became scarce, toys were put in
for the grown-up children and useful
presents for the grown-up people. In
the North country, where it was rather
chilly at Christmas time, the purses
were hung on the mantel piece, and it
was believed that the good old Saint
would come down the chimney and
fill them. When the purses went out
of use, stockings were substituted and
have been in use ever since.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
TWO MOTHERS.

twas late. Christ's weary mother
stood alone,
Psering with lighted lantern through
the gloom
Loves farewell vigil of the days long
watch.
what sorrow. Son, can equal to mine
own
From out the dark into the lanterns
light,
AS to ray of Gods all-pitying grace,
A sobbing stranger came: My son is
dead
And she. whose bosom pillowed Beth
lehem
And the dank brow beneath the ruth
less cross,
Pillowed the mothers head where His
had lain,
Her soul now riven with double grief.
'My only Son today was crucifed'-
The lightning showed the silhouetted
hill;
Her heart and sense again were
drenched in pain.
"And He was fair The stranger
scanned her face,
His face, before the thorns-"I know.
My son
Trod grapes with Him mid Nazareth S
hills
And l, since Daniels weeks had run
their course,
Hoped Him the promised One of
Israel
But he is dead" Again the crosses
stood
Gaunt in the CHASTITY pallor of the
sky.
His kingdom is not hence; look to
His cross
Il cannot look but off into the dark. -
The wild eyes stared where intermit-
tent flash
Blue-printed cliff and lonely withered
Where hung fetid fruit that once was
The plying dark stopped down to
cloak her cry:
Il am the mother of Iscariot."
-AisrandeyJ J. Cody, S. J.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
REMEMBER THE POOR.

During the blessed Christmas sea-
son the poor and unfortunate should
be the object of our special concern.
1t is one of the obligations of charity
which should not be forgotten during
the season of peace and good will. To
many families Christmas brings little
joy and happiness. There is suffer
ing and anguish instead of peace and
contentment, which should abide in
every heart at Christmas time.
Much of the distress and anxiety
could be relieved if those who are
blessed with the things of this world
would share their bounty with others
who are less fortunate than they.
In Medieval times, Christmas was
eminently time of alms-giving. The
poor were never neglected. Monas-
teries and homes were opened to those
in need and the. joy and merriment
were greatest when the hungry had
been fed and the cold warmly clothed.
This solicitude for the poor should
find emulation in our day. Probably
not far from your home you will find
family in great need, perhaps a
widow with a number of children left
alone in the struggle for existence.
How happy you could make such q
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
"THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM"

Originally brought from Italian
land west to the Mississippi, and as
far south as Tennessee, is the delicate
meadow flower called the Star of Beth
lehem. =.
This dainty herb belongs to the lily
family, and is frequently found grow
ing in the tall grass near sidewalks
or in dooryards not often moved.
Leaves and flower stalks both arise
from coated bulb, and grow to a
height of ten or twelve inches The
leaves are narrow, much like the grass
in which it grows. E
The flowers themselves are made UP
of six white petal-like sepals, green
on the outside, and green-veined with
in, six stamerls, and a central three,
lobed pistil When in full bloom, the
flowers are decidedly starry" as they
peer through the long, dark grasses
of early spring.
In most flowers a general numer.
ical plan is noticeable. In the lily
family, which includes the Star OF
Bethlehem, the parts are in threes
or multiples thereof, and those of the
mustard family in tours. Other fam
lilies have fives. and so on.
Flowers, however, vary greatly from
this type form, notifications having
come about through adaptation to diff
ferent modes Of life.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
CHRISTMAS LEGENDS.

There is Bosnian legend that the
sun leaps in the heavens, and the stars
dance around it. A great peace comes
stealing down over the mountains and
forest. The rotten stumps stand
straight and green on the hillside.
The grass is befiowered with BIOS
SONS, and the birds sing on the noun
tain tops in thanks to God. In Po-
land the heavens open and Jacobs
ladder is set up between the earth
and sky. In Austria the candles are
set in the window that the Christ
Child may not stumble when He comes
to bless the home. In north Germany,
the tables are spread and the lights
left burning for the incoming of the
Virgin Mary and her attending angel.
The English superstition is admir-
ably voiced by the myriad minded
Shakespeare in Hamlet:
Some say that ever 'gainst that sea-
son comes
Wherein our Lords birth is celebrated
The bird of dawning singeth all night
long,
And then they say no spirit can walk
abroad.
The nights are wholesome. Then no
planets strike,
No fairy takes, nor witch hath power
to charm,
So hallowed and so gracious is the
time.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
ASA6I!9N1&
IDOCTRINAE..S S&1e3 CiTUR6icAL.
s

family with basket of wholesome
food, or some necessary wearing ap-
parel for the children, which the moth
er is unable to buy herself. In the
old folks home there are doubtless
great number of aged men and wom-
en- who have been forgotten by the
world and who would live in abject
poverty were it not for the kindly care
of the Sisters in charge. You could
gladden. the hearts of these old folks
on Christmas with some useful gift
or box of delicacies to which they
were accustomed in their more pros
porous days.
Then there are the orphans-who
should have the best claims on our
sympathy. Though they have the
best of care at our various asylums,
they are deprived of many of the
joys of homelife. During the Christ
mas season you can take the place of
father and mother to these little ones.
Not much is required to make their
Christmas joyful.
At Christmas the spirit moves us to
give. Follow the promptings of your
heart in relieving distress wherever
found, and you will not only make the
others happy. but become inexpress'
IDLY happy yourself.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
THE MIDNIGHT MASS
BY Seumas MaeManus (copyrishted).

The comeback of Dinny kilbride it
proved in the end. But at first it was
the return of Mr. Dennis Kilbride-
or rather Yankee Kilbride. as our PEG
pie term the returned Irish-American.
Mr.. Kilbride stood on the street of
the little mountain village of Ardara
just as night had fallen-on Christ
mas Eve. He was heading for the
mountain road afoot He couldn't get
a jaunting-car. Every soul of them,
as Johnnie the post told him, was far
off at the funeral of Father Ned Gal
lagher (the Heavens be his bed.), two
parishes away. He wouldn't remain
overnight in Mrs. Hegarty's Inn, and
make his journey on the morrow Mr..
kilbride had come here against his
Will-much against ~it-and must get
through with his little mission and be
gone on the morrow. He only came
in connection with the execution of the
will of a granduncle who had lived
and died. all but forgotten, on a Mon
tana raneh-and for which he needed
particulars about his mothers birth
and antecedents
Mr.. Kilbride had concluded a tire
some scramble over the Continent
the first tour .of his life-and the last,
He left the least welcome part to the
end, and hoped into Ireland and to
his native place to find the particulars
he wanted-on his way home TO Amer
lea. AS he now stepped out on the
hard, frosty mountain road, bending
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
TOWN OF BETHLEHEM.

The little town of Bethlehem is one
of the most attractive spots of the
Holy Land. Indeed the pious pilgrim
conceives there a feeling of joy which
he does not experience anywhere else
in the Holy Land. The gleeful strain
of the Gloria" seems to ring to this
day in the hearts of the visitors who
went their way to the Manager of
Christ, while on the contrary, a gloom
dial city of Jerusalem.
The inhabitants of Bethlehem, too,
seem to be more joyful and cordial,
and special blessing of the Infant
Jesus rests, as it were, upon this
little town of Judea. Bethlehem has
about 10000 inhabitants, of whom
more than half are Catholics who are
very much attached to the church and
dearly love their Holy Shrine of the
Infant Jesus.
st. Jerome calls Bethlehem the
"Villa of Christ" and the Saint took
up his permanent abode in the Grotto
adjoining the Birthplace of Christ.
There he studied Holy Scripture,
there he wrote his books and did pen
ance. In this he was followed by two
noble Roman ladies. descendants of
the family of the Scipios, st. Paula
and her daughter, Eustocium. They
founded a monastery for women on
the hillside of Bethlehem where, near
the sacred Grotto, they spent their
time in prayer and meditation.
Every child has heard of the stable
of Bethlehem, of the singing angels,
of the shepherds and of the Wise Men
from the East who came to adore the
Babe of Bethlehem.
This stable was, according to ancient
tradition, not building, but natural
grotto which contained the manger.
Such was the cradle of the Infant
Jesus.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
FACTS ABOUT CHRISTMAS.

When was Christ born?
About 1000 years after the creation
of the world, in the second year of the
reign of the Emperor Augustus.
Why do priests say three Masses ON
Christmas Day?
To indicate the three-fold birth of
Christ, according to the distinction of
His two natures, and also of the graces
which he confers on us.
OF what birth does the first Mass
remind us?
It reminds us of His divine birth
from His Heavenly Father, according
to His divine nature.
The second Mass?
Of the temporal birth of Christ of
the Virgin Mary, according to His
human nature.
The third?
Of the spiritual birth of Christ in
the hearts of Christians by His sac
raments and grace.
Why does the Church have Mass. at
midnight on Christmas Day?
First, to indicate that the eternal
birth Of Christ is, for US. hidden in
= =
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1920-12-18
MelrOse - Grand
Duluth Ice Z
Fuel Co.
70 EAST SUPERIOR STREET

mystery; second, because Christ was
born at midnight; third, to indicate
that those who lived under the laws
of nature were as yet walking in spir-
itual darkness. -
Why is the second Mass celebrated
early in the morning, at the break of
day? .. ,-#
First, to indicate that those who
lived under the law of Moses, like the
shepherds to whom the birth of Christ
was announced, did not have as clear
a knowledge of God as we have; sec
ond, because the shepherds came
about dawn to Bethlehem to adore the
newborn Christ.
Why is the third Mass celebrated at
broad daylight?
To indicate, first, that the birth of
Christ has given us the broad light OF
the knowledge of God; second, that
the spiritual birth of Christ takes
place under the influence of His en-.
Tightening grace.
Why does the priest kneel at the
altar at the High Mass on Christmas
Day when the CIT incarnatus est is
sung?
Because the article of the creed
(credo) contained in the eft incarna
tus est" refers to Christmas Day in
particular.