davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02

ana TO maintain them! Any one VINO
has visited the bison in our national
reservations will agree that If they
were maintained in Il ~semi-domesti-
Gated state they could be treated In
the same manner as range cattle, pro-
vidcd they We're incloSed. The cost
Of building suitable fencing might
prove an obstacle In many cases. but
it should not prove insuperable. In
view of the high price of beef. AS n
beef animal the value of the bison Is
well worth the careful consideration
of our agricultural authorities. In nd-
dition it provides a robe of proven
value in more n%Ortherfy states ana
provinces. Not the least of the au-
v%antages of the bison over domestic
cattle is their ability to rustic for
themselves in winter and under eli
matte conditions which prove u hard
ship to our introduced cattle"
OF course the plains Indians prac-
tically lived off the buffalo; the animal
was food. clothing and shelter to them.
But the crime Of the wantOn deStruc.
, lIoil VI NiN ma Y ~ 'A~ "'' ~
the white man. Why, the passengers
used to empty their rifles int the
herds as the rains sped over the
! plains. Thousands of animals were
killed simply for the tongue, says MIR.
Hewitt in this connection.
with the coming of the railroads
through the West and ar increased
demand for buffalo robes, the butch
cry Of the still hunt began. Other
methods We're too slow for the com
mercial hunter who must Kill hun
dreds Of bison in order TO realize on
pelts worth but from 60 cents to 81
apiece. The still hunter approached
the herd to within 100 to $50 yards and
proceeded with great de!iberation TO
shoot down the animals without
stanpeding them. Their leader. usual
~ the oldest cow, was first disposed
OF, and Their the others slaughtered
II by one. One or two shots a min
ute could be fired. and with good luck
a hundred bison killed from one
stand so that one hunter was able
TO account for from 1000 to 1900 head
a season.
"The miles of bones eventually gave
rise to a traffic which became reinun-
erative as there grew up II demand
for phosphate for fertilizers and bone
black for refining sugar. In 1874 the
SAINT Fe railroad alone shipped near
ly 100000 pounds of bones. which
brought as much as S19 a ton crushed.
"Time will not efface the trace of
the bisOn's occupation of the CONT
nent." Mr.. Hewitt says. "They blaze1
the trails that later became important
highM avs. The bison selected the
route through the Alleghenies by
which the white man entered and
took possession Of the Mississippi
valley. They found the best routes
| across the continent, and human in
tercourse will move constantly In
paths first marked by the buffalo. l.
is interesting that the bison found the
strategic passageways through the
mountains. marked out the most
practical paths between the heads Of
our rivers-paths that are closely fol-
lowed today by the Pennsylyania."Eal-
timOre & Ohio. Chesapeake & Ohio.
Wabash and other great railroads."
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02

North and South Saskatchewan, but
they were surrounded and attacked
from all sides until all we're killed.
ilornaday computes that the numbe!
of animals slaughtered annually by
the Northwest Indians must have been
$4,000. Only struggling bands were
left. On the basis of all available data,
Hornaday estimated that the number
running wild and unprotected vas go.
In 1889 there were $50 buffalo in cap
tlVity, 200 under protection in Yellow
stone Park and G35 running wild (Of
which number $50 were estimated to
be in the A~thabaska region of the
Canadian Northwest TerritOries)-a
total Of 1901.
An attempt was then made by the
United States to protect the remnant.
by 1903 according to census, the num-
Der had increased to 1888 head, main
ly confined in American reservations
and parks. In 1917 the Canadian gov
eminent purchased q herd Of 700 head
owned by Michael Pablo of Montana,
and a special national park was pro-
vided for the herd at Wainwright. Al
berta. BY 1913 this herd had in
creased to 3,711 head. The number
of captive bison in the United Sta,es
in 1919 was 3.OiS head. and there were
about 20 head running wild, making
a total Of Bis. Counting the Canadi-
an protected herds at 3.111, and add
ing 800 wild Lison in the Athabaska
region, where they are nov protected.
and 40 In public and private parks.
the total in Canada at the beginning
Of 1919 was 400 animals. So there
are approximately 1860 bison in the
United States and Canada, compared
with 1901 in 1889, showing that they
are coming back.
In fact. it seems to he certain that
the buffalo is coming back. For ex-
ample, there are two herds in Yellow
stone National park-a wild herd and
Il tame" herd-and both are increas-
ing. There are known to be at least
80 animals in the wild herd. The tame
herd now G919) numbers 4l3 animals.
liz as Va a CIV VI - SoidDiiNil
ed In 1902.
The calves of the 1919 season num-
bered 80. In fact. Mr.. Hewitt is so
| certain that the buffalo is coming back
that he discusses the problem Of what
to do with the surplus when 1t be-
comes a fact. He says:
1.-The rapid increase Of the bison In
our national reservations raises the
question as to what we shall do with
our surplus. In the Buffalo Park at
| Wainwright, Alberta. this question il
becoming a serious one as they will
soon occupy as much range as Is cap
able of sustaining them.
1.-The natural answer to this Ques-
ton Is to create additional reserva-
lions. which policy undoubtedly will
be followed. particularly I'm the United
States. where much additional range
suitable for bison, but less suitable
for agricultural purposes. is available.
In addition provision Is being made
for the donation of surplus animals
to municipalities. public organizations
and institutions.
But cannot we go a step further
and consider the d~eSirahility Of en-
%cOuraging farmers to purchase sur
plus animals from the government
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
Likes a Joke on Himself.

Ward Muir is one OF the few big
writer's who have not made Use Of
newspaper work as II rung in the had.
der Of their careers. lie has been "A
free lance throughout his literary On.
reer. except for a few intervals when
he has been lured into the editorial
CHAIRS of London magazines. ALWAYS
he Is n OF the busiest figures In the
Fleet street section Of London, a tall
dark Scotchman. clad invariably In a
Norfolk jacket and STOPPING slightly
tt he shoulders.
lie loves to tell "a joke on himself.
A stranger. walking down Fleet
street with a newspaper man, saw
Muir approaching, and asked. as tha,
Muirhead Bone. the war artist ?"
NO" the tleet street maj repljed
that Is BOneliead lfuir."--Haylen
Church In a London Letter.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02

the subway at F~Orty-secOnd street
during the rush hour. according 10 tie
report Of a Y. w. &. A. secretary sta
toned In Canton. China. "When n
passenger wishes to &c! off the
steamboat" writes this Y. w. c. A.
secretary. ~ shrill whistle IL blown 10
summon a small boat to carry her 10
shore. Then a man carrying n long
bamboo pole with a hook on its ei"i
climbs out on a little ledge on <lie
side Of the steamboat. ready to catch
hold of the boat as II passes by. Tie
steamboat slackens Its speed but
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02


covered the continent, there were but
1901 head alive in 1883. Now there
are 1860 in the United States and
Canada.
Efforts Of the American and Canadl-
an governments to save the bison
which was slaughtered almost TO the
point of observation-disclosures described
by C. Gordon Hewitt in Natural His
tory, the official magazine of. the mu-
scum of that name. Mr.. Hewitt Is
actively engaged In the salvage, ms
consulting geOlOgist to the Ottawa
Commission of Conservation. He says
the manner in which the total loss
Of this magnificent animal has been
prevented should fill with hope and
confidence all who are trying to COLI
serve wild life.
There were literally myriads OF
buffalo in the old days and their nan
itat originally covered nearly all of the
North American continent. Even rs
late as 1871 there was seen migrating
across the plains a wedge-shaped herd
on q 25-mile front with a depth of 5O
miles; such a drove could contain no
fewer than 100000 head.
DR.. William T. Hornaday, director
Of the New York geological park. says
in q pamphlet that the original range
started almost at tide water on the
Atlantic coast, extended westward
through dense forest. across the Al
legheny mountain system to the Mis-
sisSippi prairies, and southwark to
the delta. Although the plains coun-
try of the West was the home of the
species, where it tlourished most
a%bundantly. it wandered south toward
Texas, westward across the Rocky
Mountains into New Mexico. Utah and
Idaho, and n%Orthward across a vast
treelesS waste to the i~nhOSpitable
shores of the Great Slave Lake. The
vast herds seemed TO clothe the prair-
les with a coat of brown.
George Catlin. in a book In 1872,
said from 10000 to 100000 robes were
marketed annually, which meant the
slaughter of from 2,0O0.0OO to 1000
600 bison. About the same time Ere
mont pore witness to the appalling de-
%structiOn.
The death knell Of the bison was
struck when Union Pacific construc-
ton began In 1866. Previously the
difficulties Of marketing served as a
slight check on the rate OF extermina-
ton. This railroad divided the orig
inal body into southern and northern
herds. HOrnaday estimates that In
1877 the southern herd contained g.
GOO. 900 animals. though most estimates
give a higher total. Between 1871 and
1875 the great southern herd was
wiped out OF existence.
Final slaughter of the northern herd
was %inaugurated by the opening Of
the Northern Pacific in 1880. when the
half-brecds Of Manitoba, the Plains
Cree Of Qu'Appelle and the Blackfeet
of South Saskatchewan swept bare
a great belt Of country stretching east
and west between the Rocky Noun
tains and Manitoba. A few thousand
remained in the country around the
headwaters Of Battle River. between
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
Only 1901 head survived
in 1889. Now they have
increased to 1850 in
United States and Canada

HE American biSon-bulla.
lois now safe from eX-
tinction, the scientists AN
nOunCe. What's more,
the buffalo is coming
back. Maybe ON chit
dren's children will have
buffalo robes and buffalo
skin coats as our fathers
did. Anyway. of the myr-
lads of this splendid big
animal, whose range once
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
Lloyd George and Billiards

Mr.. Lloyd George told a gathering
or eX-service men In their club nj
Colwyn bay. New Wales, recently that
he once tried to play billiards. Ue
could generally hit one ball. he said.
but not two. He could never get into
he pocket. although as chancellor OF
the e~Xchequer for five Il he had
TO do nothing but get into pockets
From the Continental Edition Of the
London Mail.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
Discarded Poetry.

"When ! was young" remarked the
reminiscent citizen. "children were
taught to recite Little Drops of Wa.
ter. Little Grains Of Sand.'"-
II remember" rejoined Uncle Rrl
Bottletop. "But II that were attempt.
ed now people would think they were
referring to diluti0ns of beverages OF
adulteratiOn of sugar."
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
Stepping Lively
in the Orient

The familiar "Step lively" Of the
subway conductor and policeman.
which hastens the movement Of cos
mcpolitan life, is not escaped today
even In the Orient. One needs 10
watch her STEP. when travelling by
steamboat up a languid oriental! stream
lust rs carefully as when boarding
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02
The Vatican,

The Vatican, the palace Of the pope
In Rome and one of the largest In The
world. contains a valuable collection
Of works of art. and is one of the
chief attractions Of the city. 1t Is a
s~tOrehOuse Of literary treasures and
documents q: !nteres, bearing Oh the
history Of the Middle ages.
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02

very little and passengers need to
step lively into the rOwboat or they
will he left behind. Baggage is
tossed In after them"
The Brookings register. [volume] (Brookings, Brookings County, S.D.) 1903-1971, 1920-12-02

The Red Cross flag and flags of all
nations flying from the Statue of Lib.
erty, New York harbOr, In honor Of
Florence Nightingale. who was born
one hundred years ago.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
country's Motive Energy.

The gauge OF nations Industrial
might is the amount Of motive energy
which II can command for the mani.
fold fields Of production and the es-
sential contrlbutory activities. We
have maintained our supremacy In
manufactured output very largely be-
cause of the vast amount Of power
which we could call into service. Rob
ert q. Skerrett wrote In the Scientific
American. Modern nations expend
far more energy than the combined
muscular ability of their population
and beasts OF burden. The margin is
covered by the employment OF We-
chanical energy In the form of power.
To accomplish the work done annually
In the United States, would require
the labor OF 5000, DOC. 900 Woodworking
slaves. The use of power gives to
each man, woman and child In this
country the service equivalent OF thir-
~ servants.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
MADE HIT WITH RECITATION
Princes Speech Consisted Of vsrsss
From the Koran, but Aud'snce
Didn't Know II.

II Is interesting to recall that dur
ing the recent European tour OF Prince
Feisal Of the new kingdom Of syria,
his memory OF the Koranic verses
stood him In good stead. In London.
at dinner In the Guildhall, the prince.
who was the guest Of honor, and who
knew little French and less English.
was called upon to reply to the toast
of his health. Beside him sat his
friend and mentor. Colonel Lawrence.
Oxford professor and oriental scholar.
to whom he whispered as lie rose to
acknowledge the lord mayors speech.
Colonel Lawrence nodded his assent.
and the prince addressed his audi
ence In flowing Arabic periods. win
ming appreciation and applause.
When the guest Of honor had re-
sumed his seat, Colonel Lawrence. as
his interpreter. rose to express In Eng
lish the princes sentiments Of graft
tude for his reception, and to voice
his devotion to the principles OF dcmoc-
racy and allied solidarity. II was
not until many days had gone by
that Colonel Lawrence allowed It 10 be
known among his friends that what
the prince had whispered to him was !:
an reclte the verses from the
Koran about the cow"
Thus did the diplomatic professor
deceive the unwilling ears Of his Guild
hall friends.-Munsey's Magazine.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14

comes effective: ona-tenth l-10) In
three years; one-tenth Q-10) In four
years; one-tenth Q-10) in five years;
one-tenth n-10) in six years: one
tenth u-10) In seven years; one
tenth (i-10) in eight years; one
tenth 0-10), in nine years and one
tenth u-10) in ten years after said
ordinance becomes effective. Zone
or more Of said installments In the
order in which they are payable or
the whole special tax may be paid at
any time within ten days after the
ordinance confirming the levy Of the
tax becomes effective. without inter-
est. In the event Of spy installment
or the interest aforesaid not being
paid on the day the came becomes
due. the whole amount of the special
tax unpaid at the time said INSTALL
ment or interest Ia due shall become
due and payable and shall draw in
terest at the rate of nine per cent
(93e) per annum until the sale Of the
property assessed; provided. one or
more installments in the order In
which they are payable, or the whole
special tax unpaid may be paid on the
day any installment becomes due by
paying the amount thereof and inter
est to said date
4 SECTION ". This ordinance shall
take effect one day after its first pub
location.
4 Adopted and passed by the Cit.
Council Of. a mevtcsn Fork City. Au
gust nth. A. D. 1890.
JESSE N. WALKER. Mayor
| Attest:
GEORGE F. SHELLEY. City Recorder
State Of Utah
County of Utah, IS.
i I, George f. Shelley. Recorder o
American Fork City. Utah. hereby GER
tify that the above and foregoing 4
a full. true and correct copy of an or
dinance entitled IAN Ordinance Gre
ating Street Paving District No. l..
adopted and passed by the City Coun
Gil, and approved by the Mayor. o
American Fork City. Utah. on the I'LL
day Of August. A. D. 1920.
GEORGE f. SHELLEY.
! City Recorder
Subscribed and sworn to before m,
this 18th day Of August. A. ID. 1920
JAMES CHAPMAN. Jr..
Notary Public
First end Final Estimate. PavinI
District No. 1.
Date Of publication. August II. 1920
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
INDIAN IDEA OF RECKONING
Time Designated In Simple Fasn'on-
Journeys and Distances Told on
by "Sieeps."

The American Indians Of early days
reckoned time by what they called
sleeps" and "mOons." The Indians
.sleep" referred to sun-to-sun d"y
OF "a hours and his moon" to what
the white man roughly and Improperly
calls a month. The Indians Indicated
the noon hour by pointing yerticaiIy
inward. To indicate the middle OF inc
first half Of the daylight PERIOD
o'clock--he pointed upward midway
between the horizon and the xenatn
and to Indicate mid-afternoon = o
o'clock-he pointed toward the oppo'
site quarter. lie spoke OF the eastern
horlzo, as "sunrise" and or the west
ern horizon as sunset"
Journeys and distances between ar
ferent points were. measured ~
"sleeps." Thus. when he undertooN
10 tell how far he had Travelled OF I"
tell how far one point was from an
other. the old-tlme Indian woul" say
n certain number of sleeps ordiha
riiy, a "sleep" In this sense correspond
ed 10 something like 35 mlles--the JUS
tance n man could cover In day. trav'
cling nj an ordinary pnce on toot
However. Il was not unusual Tor men
carrying important messages TO uiaAs
twice rs miles or more In single "a
hour period.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
HoNEYmooNs IN ODD PLACES
Persons Of Adventurous Dlsposltion
Have Spent Them Amid ~ etic
and. Savage Dangers.

Mr.. Elkins. the wealthy young
American who recently took his bride
for honeymoon "as near the North
pole as he can comfortably get" Is
by no means the first bridegroom who
has spent his month Of honey" In
this chilly environment. says London
Answers.
A few years ago Mr.. Max Fleisch-
mann. Chicago millionaire, ut his
brides request, took her straight from
the altar to the Arctic wastes, where
they spent. on their own evidence,
delightful" months. hunting seals,
reindeer and polar bears, two Of which
fell TO the brides own gun. Mrs.
Fleischmann's honeymoon wardrobe.
we IRE told. consisted Of an assert
ment OF sheepskin dresses, lined with
leather.
Less chilly. but no less adventurous.
was the honeymoon journey OF Major
Powell Cotton, who took his bride on
a long and hazardous journey through
Africa, spending many months In the
heart Of the Ituri forest. hunting the
okapi and making friends Of the saw
age pigmles. who had never befofe
even seen white woman.
But the most daring and adven-
turous Of all recorded honeymoons
was that OF Captain Andrews, an
American sailor. and his bride. VINO
started to cross the Atlantic In n
"cOckieshell." IL feet long, ana were
never seen again.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
WAR MYSTERY" MADE CLEAR


Men who sailed on the Leviathan
whcp she was being used as trans
port will learn with interest the ex-
PLANTATION Of n mystery" Of the giant
liner In those war days. mystery
which has been the subject Of many Z
midnight conference In the lee OF the
deckhouse. Only recently a former
officer Of the .Leviathan told the story.
II appears that several Of the crew
sought a lower hold far from the
haunts Of the officers on duty ana
there. believing themselves carefully
concealed, they smoked to their hearts
content. But the ship had fire de-
lection system consisting Of a series Of
pipes to the holds, through which q
suction fan IL continually drawing air
samples TO the wheelhouse. Thus the
officer on duty there noticed the curl.
Ing wisps OF smoke coming out Of the
pipe from one Of the lower holds.
Smiling the smoke he detected the old
familiar odor Of tobacco.
1t was an easy matter TO hurry
down and catch the men In the aes
and start them on round Of extra
duty. which cured them of smoking
aboard ship. They were puzzled to
know how the officer had traced them
The hold was way down near the keel
far from the wheelhouse and there hat
not been another man within MANI
yards Of their position. They knew
no officer had followed them and they
took 1t for granted that there was nc
direct connection between the hold
and the wheelhouse. And no one en-
lighte1ed them during many trips u
Frnnce.-New York Evening Post.
American Fork citizen. [volume] (American Fork, Utah) 1912-1979, 1920-08-14
LOOKING TO SOUTH PACIFIC
White Men Planning Complete Possss-
sion Of Fertile Islands Of That
Parkway Ocean.

With Europe n seethlng mass Of I'M
rest and discomfort and uncertainty,
your Britisher Is looking to the islands
Of the South Pacific. already owned BY
the empire, as the next place to go
and to exhibit. to use the expression
OF lot Of people who do not know the
meaning Of the word. Already corpO.
rations are being formed to colonize
the islands. and beautiful word pic
lures OF the advantages Of residence
upon them are being painted.
The truth Is, for some years the
white man has been gradually getting
q foOthold In the region. The delight
full pictures which one sees Of the ma
| tives, gives little idea Of what Is
really to be seen In the country. They
are not the wild. naked people roam
ing ut large. eating each other and
the missionaries. Rubber plantations,
cocOnut groves. phosphate mines and
other industries are operated by Eu'
ropeans. And schools and churches
are encountered on every hand, with
the honk of the horn OF the automo'
bile heard In the shade OF the palms
! The white man will not reach the
end Of his road until there Is no more
country to be settled up, and there
are still vast areas to be brought un
der his domain. In Afrlcn, and upo'
the islands OF the sea, he Is setting i,t
foot and clearing up the junglcs AM
conquerIng the pests and becoming nc
climated. But the end is not yet
there Is still much TO he done. an'
the chances are that the next Few
years will see an exodus to these far
AWAY places where beginning ha'
| already been made.--Columbus DIS
patch.