Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-09-05

the provisions of Article is shall be applicable
as against the State taking such action.
If both parties to the dispute when so in
vted refuse to accept the obligations of mem
bership in the League for the purposes OF such
dispute. the Council may take such measures
and make such recommendations as will pre-
vent hostilities and will result in the settlement
Of the dispute.
ARTICLE 49,
Every treaty or international engagement
entered into hereafter by any Member of the
Secretariat and shall soon possible be
published by it. No such treaty or international
engagement shall be binding until so registered.
ARTICLE 10.
The Assembly may from time to time adj
wise the recon ideration by Members of the
League of treaties which have become inappli-
cable and the conside, alton OF international
conditions whose continuance might endanger
the peace of the world.
ARTICLE 20.
The Members of the League severally
agree that this Covenant is accepted as abro-
eating all obligations or understandings inter Sc
which are inconsistent with the terms thereof,
and solemnly undertake that they will not here
after enter into any engagements inconsistent
with the terms thereof.
In case any Member of the League shall
before becoming a Member of the League,
have undertaken any obligations inconsistent
with the terms of this Covenant, it shall be
the duty of such Member to take immediate
tions.
ARTICLE Fl.
Nothing in this Covenant shall be deemed
to affect the validity of international engage
ments, such as treaties of arbitration or re-
gional understandings like the Monroe doctrine,
for securing the maintenance of peace.
ARTICLE q.
To those colonies and territories which as
a consequence of the late war have ceased to
be under the sovereignty of the States which
formerly governed them and which in
habited by peoples not yet able to stand by
themselves under the strenuous conditions of
the modern world, there should be applied the
principle that the we'll being and development
of such peoples form sacred trust of civiliza-
ton and that securities for the performance
of this trust should be embodied in this Cove
nant
The best method of giving practical effect
to this principle is that the tutelage of such
peoples should be intrusted to advanced nations
who by reason of their resources, their expert
ence or their geographical position best
undertake this responsibility, and who are will
be exercised by them as Manufactures on behalf
of the League
The character of the mandate must differ
according to the stage of the development of
territory, its economic conditions and other
similar circumstances.
Certain communities formerly belonging
to the Turkish Empire have reached a stage
of development where their existence as indie
pendent nations can be Professionally recognized
subject to the rendering of administrative ad-
vice and assistance by Mandatory until such
time as they able to stand alone The
wishes OF these communities must be a prin-
clpal consideration in the selection of the Man
datory.
Other peoples, especially those of Central
must be responsible for the administration of
the territory under conditions which will guar
antee freedom of conscience and religion sub
ject only to the maintenance of public order
and morals the prohibition of abuses such as
the slave trade, the arms traffic and the LIQUOR
traffic, and the prevention of the establishment
OF Notifications or military and naval bases
and OF military training of the natives for other
than police purposes and the defense of terri
tory, and will also secure equal opportunities
for the trade and commerce of other Members
OF the League.
There are territories, such as Southwest
Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands,
which, owing to the sparseness of their popu-
lation, or their small size, or their remoteness
from the centers of civilization or their geo
Mandatory, and other circumstances, can be
best administered under the laws of the Man
datory as integral portions of its territory sub
Ject to the safeguards above mentioned in the
interests of the indigenous population
In every case of mandate, the Mandatory
reference to the territory committed to its
charge.
The degree of authority control, or admin
lstratlon to be exercised by the Mandatory
SHALL If not previously agreed upon by the