davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
Who Are the Middle Class?
the New York Time

From the New York Times
Few forces tend SO strongly to pro-
duce social consciousness as a griev-
ance. Not SO many years ago one
might have searched the world and
found nobody who would admit that
he was of the middle class. The term
was an epithet, used in derision AS
the middle class was vaguely sup
posed to be respectable, responsibility
itself went out of fashion. Today all
this is altered. People write to the
papers to say that they are of the
middle class. and they say it with an
air of one who. after all. is somebody.
Yet nobody has defined the middle
class, even the sociologists and econo-
mists, whose business such things are.
In England, Mr.. w. H. Mallock gave
a few stray thoughts to the subject
and concluded that it was middle class
to have an income of some $3.50. Prof.
n. r. Sager deposed that in America
the figure would have to be raised to
$500. It was the way of the elder
sociologists to write as if the deter
mining factor is always money.
Our common sense knows better.
The middle class is distinguished from
the class on it's one hand by the fact
that it works, not with it's body. but
with it's mind 1t is distinguished
the fact that, having no sufficient
capital to retire upon, it has to work
The middle class man is a brain work
err who is obliged to work or go under.
And he is obliged to conform to cur
rert standards of responsibility. phys
ically as well as mentally and morally.
In the nineteenth century the in
come standard had at least a shadow
of justification. for wages and sala-
ries still maintained some definite re-
lationship to the character of work
done and service rendered. Today we
have changed all that, and with one
notable result. A large group of peo-
pie among US have become class con-
scious-those. namely. who do profess
sional work for less than the pay Of
a hand laborer. Mentally and morally
they have two strong props of char
acter-the fact that the instrument
of their labor is the mind. and the
fact that they are urged on by neces-
sity to use it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
SOUTHERN'S INCOME
BEATS u. S. GUARANTEE
Railroad Makes Strong Showing
for Six Months-Stock-
holders Meet.

RICHMOND. Va, October ~ (Spe-
ciaD.-The actual operating income
for the Southern railway system for
the six months from March 1 to
August 81 exceeded the government
guarantee offered the company by
$642. 07S.46. it was announced today
in the annual report submitted to
stockholders by President Fairfax
Harrison. The Southern system did
not accept the guarantee when it was
offered
DR.. Edwin A. Alderman of Char
1ottesville. Va, president of the Uni
versity of Virginia; Robert Jemison
ST., of Birmingham. Ala; Bishop John
Carlisle kilgo of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church South. Charlotte N C.
and Charles Steele of New York, were
reelected as members of the board
of directors for the term of three
years
A large majority of the stock of
the company was represented at the
meeting.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
Shacktown and Housing Problems

Yesterday l travelled little
way into the country over one
of the numerous trolley lines, which
of late years have done SO much
to relieve the high pressure of living in
the city, and / want to tell your readers
something of the way some of the en-
terpr1sing citizens of this community
propose to beat Old Hi Cost in the
game which he has had his own way for
SO long.
The way out ran through numerous
subdivisions where lots are said to be
cheap and easy to come by if YOU have
little every month for a long time
and the shiny little bungalows. and
martin-boxes of houses were a cheerful
sight to see, and made one long to go
and do likewise but a little further out
was to be found the real feature Of this
Sabbath days journey.
Here is a real shacktown, and no
mistake. ! use the phrase advisedly
and no offense meant-it is the term
these enterprising citizens are using
themselves The game is to acquire two
or more lots, build a shack on it and
live in that until such time as you can
build a little bungalow, three. four or
five rooms, just as your fancy and your
purse can agree-then convert the shack
into residence for chickens--real
chickens-the sort to fry and put on the
table with gravy and Maryland hot bis
cults. hot right out of the oven-Oh,
man, Quit it!
One man of my cquaintence has built
neat little box 1Ox16 feet, and it will
stand him in about $3.50 when he and
his wife move into it this week-that is
just for the material-he did the work
himself.
Away out further. in the edge of the
woods, two men were putting up a
structure 12x24. l asked the proprietor
what would be the cost. He said $50
$50 at the outside. Every foot of the
lumber is secondhand, and you never
would guess how he got it out there.
Hauled it with his automobile. Not
very good for the looks of the family
machine but it hit old H. G. plumb
below the belt.
Another family were living in a tent
secondhand, weather-worn, but large
and comfortable. and there was lazy
smoke coming out Of a rusty stove pipe
cost $35-the tent, not the stove.
Water? There is a bubbling spring at
the roots of an ancient tree. Have to
carry the water in buckets until such
time as you can dig your own we'll
These plucky people are temporarily
leaving behind them many Of the mod
ern conveniences-bath tubs, gas. cleo
tricity. sewers. but all these are in
reaching distance and will come later
/ And they are rendering a service not
| only to themselves, but to the homeless
| and houseless in this entire oyer-popu-
| lated community.
MILTON T. ADKINS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
ROCKVILLE

ROCKVILLE. Md, October IL (Spe-
ciaD .-Montgomery county democrats
are arranging for a big mass meeting
to be held in the town hall here next
dressed by Joseph w Folk of Mis-
souri,, Judge T. T. Ansberry of Ohio
and former Lieut.. Gov. Whitehead
Klutz of Ohio. The democratic lead
ers are planning to hold other big
meetings in all parts of the county.
Miss Catherine Marie Veise and
Frank Rudolph Sullivan. both of
Washington, were married in Rock
vile Saturday afternoon, leaving for
Washington Immediately after the
ceremony.
The bride elect not having attained
her eighteenth year and failing to
bring with her the written consent
of her parents. a license for the mar
riage of Miss Nora L. Stand and
James A. Morningstar, both of Daw-
sonville, this county. was yesterday
afternoon refused the couple by the
clerk of the circuit court here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
APPROVE BOND ISSUE.
New Haven Stockholders Vote to
Take Over Floating Debts.

NEW HAVEN. Conn, October IL
BY stock vote of 944.11O. unopposed,
stockholders of the New York New
Haven and Hartford Railroad Com
pany today approved the directors
recommendations for the issue of
bonds to meet general mortgage
which will take over the floating in
debtedness of the company, to issue
bonds for equipment purposes and to
extend to ten years the five-year term
of {, loan to be given the company by
the government.
The companys property between
New York and Hartford. and general
~ referred TO 1.-The main line"
never has been mortgaged.
President Pearson stated in re-
view of the conditions of the road.
that the present indebtedness is s292,-
27S0O0.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
CRADLE OF HUMAN RACE.
Scientists Expect Revelations From
Search for Fossils in China.

From the Detroit News.
Scientists in the museum of natural
history are discussing the prospect of
1ong-planned systematic search for
fossils in unworked Chinese territory
whereby the cradle of the human race
may be definitely located. They share
the view widely held that if man is
an animal of evolution he had his
start in the arena of central Asia, and
not until he had acquired dominance
over other animals did he invade and
overrun other parts of the old world
and more recently the new world.
This theory is believed to apply also
to many species of the lower animals
now generally distributed.
Assuming this surmise to be correct
the scientific investigators hold that
it is useless to look for the first fossil
ancestor of man in the earlier stages
of his evolution from the ape in
America or even in Europe. They be-
lieve the most promising field for
such discoveries will be in the re-
gions nearest to the center of evolu-
ton and dispersal. that is. in the in
terror of China and westward through
Tibet and Turkestan to the shores of
the Caspian sea- All this part Of Asia
is virtually unexplored for fossils.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
GRAIN AND PROVISIONS.

| BALTIMORE. October II Especially:
Potatoes white. western Maryland
175a2.oo; eastern shore Maryland and
Virginia, No. 1, 1.75a2.00; native and
nearby. No. 1, 1.75a2.00, all sections
No. 2. LOCALS; No. 3. 5oa75; do,
eastern shore Maryland and Virginia,
No. 1. per bbl.. 2.75a3.oo; Nos. and
10, 1.50a1.75; sweets. eastern shore
Maryland and Virginia, No. 1. per Dbl.
3.75a4.25; native and nearby, $50
ASS; do. No. 2, 1.50a2.00; No. 3. l.0oa
1.25; yams. all sections. No. 1, per
bbl., 25oa3.0o; No. 2. 1.5oa2oo; No
3, 1.e0a125.
Beans. green, per bu.. goal 90;
stringless. s0a1o0; limas. 2.5oaS. 90;
hulled, per lb.. 1Sa20; cabbage. per !oo
heads. 4.O0as.o0 cauliflower. per Dbl,
S.o0a9.00; celery, washed. per bunch,
rots, per 100 punches, 4.ooa5.oo;
F., spinach. per bu., 40a60.
| Beets. per 100 lunches. 4.00a4.5o;
corn. per doz.. Gals; cucumbers, per
bu.. 1.75a2.5o: elephants. per basket,
i35a40: lettuce, per basket. 1.50a2.50;
onions. western Maryland and Penn
sylvania. yellow. 100 lbs, 1.25a1 so
eastern shore Maryland and Virginia,
bulk. 100 lbs. 1.00a1.25: peppers per
basket, 25a4O: tomatoes. per basket,
15a50: packing stock. per bu.. 30a60;
do. small yellow. per basket 5oaeo;
oyster plants, per 100 punches. 6.ooa
500; broccoli. per bu.. 3oa4o; pump
kins, per 100, 5.00a10.00.
Apples. standard, all varieties No. l,
per Dbl, 4.00a5.50; do. No. 2, 2.5Oa3.5O:
200: do, No. 2, LOCALES; do. per 100
lbs. 50a1.00; -crabapples. per basket,
1.00a1.25: grapes, Concord, per 20-lb.
basket, 1.50a1.60: Concord, per small
basket. 26a2s; Niagaras, 24a25; Della
wares. 24a25; cantaloupes, honeydews.
No. Il nj a q
flats. 75a125; peaches. per basket, IS
also; per crate, 1.50a3.0O.
Pears. nearby varieties, per bol.
! 1.25a175: New York bartletts and
sickles. per Dbl. 7.00a9.00; No. 2, 4.00a
500; plums and prunes. per Glib. bas-
ket. 25a40; damsons. per bu.. 1.5Oa
ESQ; ounces. per Dbl, 5.00a7.50; do,
FER bu., 2.0Oa250
| CHICAGO LIVE STOCK MARKET.
CHICAGO. October IL Omitted
states bureau of markets. .-Cattle--
slow: opening sales, choice steers
! steady; medium and common grades
easier: early top, 1900; bulk, good
and choice. 15.50a17.s5; grassy kind
very duh and tending lower. mostly
s seea1s'0 med nss' g GsGs
weak; Gamers slow at 3.75a425: bo-
logna bulls firm, 6.00a6.75; veal calves.
25a5O lower: bulk, 16.00a16.75; stock
eFs and feeders shade easier. Re-
| ceipts. westerns. 5000 head.
Hogs-Receipts. $4,000 head; Is to
40 lower than yesterdays average;
top. 1875; bulk light and butchers,
15.1oa15.70; bulk packing sales. 400
! a14.a0; pigs about steady.
Sheep-Receipts. $4,000 head: fat
lambs slow; few early sales steady;
! no early sales of choice lambs; best
western held at 1340: bulk medium,
11.25a12.25; fat sheep steady; bulk
native ewes. 5.25a5.75; feeders active.
strong to 25 higher; choice feeder
| wethers, 7.75; top feeder lambs, 1880.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
UPPER MARLBORO.

UPPER MARLBORO. Md, October
~ (Specal).-On motion of his coun-
sci, T. Howard Duckett, the trial of
James Williams, charged with the
murder of Frances Nelson. also COL
ored, in front of the home of DR..
Harry J. Patterson, College Park, last
July, was transferred to Howard
county. The defense made an affi-
davit that he could not secure fair
trial in Prince Georges county. Wal
ter Baker. white, of Berwyn, charged
with criminally assaulting Mrs. Fan
ME Walters, aged sixty-two, last
June, was found guilty and sentenced
to serve twenty-one years in the
Maryland penitentiary. Both these
cases came on for trial yesterday in
the circuit court here. Baker was
tried before jury.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
OLDEST PRAYER ON RECORD
From the Boston Transcript


One of oldest prayers ever made
was that of an old Virginia soldier a,
Antietam. He was lying fiat on the
battlefield, and, to quote his owr
words, 1.-The shot and shell were going
over me so thick that the whole firma.
ment above me was lead color.
II felt just then that I was six fee,
long and pretty nigh four feet thick
and that the chances for me were only
two feet better lying down than they
were standing up. I made up my mind
that my only safety lay in praying.
go Lord. good Lord prayed
please stretch me out as thin as a
shoestring. with the pointed end to.
ward the enemy"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
EAT EXPENSIVE SOUP.
Diners Tickle Palates With Pedi-
greed Pigeons.

NEW YORK. October 12.-Fifteen-
cent soup, made of 500 pedigred pig
cons, has been served recently in East
Side eating houses. Police discovered
this epicurean irregularity today after
arresting a sixteen-year-old body on
complaint of a pigeon fancier that
his coops of prize-winning birds had
been persistently robbed. He valued
the pigeons at $1,000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
SHOWS LARGE INCREASE.
Tennessee Railway Commission
Completes Property Assessments.

NASHVILLE. Tenn. October ~
The Tennessee railroad commission
completed the assessment of various
properties under it's Jurisdiction, the
aggregate assessment being $273.-
943.202, important items in the total
being: Railroads. 1885, 900: street
railways. s35,90s,471; gas companies,
$15.116.766; hydro-electric companies,
$17.3s5.S6S: telephone and telegraph
companies, $15,460.703. The increase
is Sal, 496,0S2
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
EX-REPRESENTATIVE DIES

MEMPHIS. October 12.-Judge Frank
N. McI.ain, former member of Congress-.
from the sixth Mississippi district. died
at his home in Gloster, Miss, last night.
according to a telegram received by rel
atiVeS here.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
PARIS BoURsE PRICES EASY.

PARIS. October 12-Prices were
easy on the bourse today Three per
cent rentes. 81 francs 35 centimes
Exchange on London, SO francs 20
confines. Five per cent loan, sc
flames Is centimes. The dollar was
quoted at Is francs 80 centimes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12

"Oh. auntie, ! heard uncle tell Mrs
Jones that there wasn't another woman
like you in the world" "Ah. the dear
man! Did he. Bobby" "Yes'm and
he said 1t was a mighty good thing,
too."-BoSton Transcript
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12
BAR SILVER QUOTATIONS.

LONDON. October 12.-Bar silver,
siiad per ounce; money. Az per cent.
Discount rates: Short bills. 5ha5a,
per cent. Three-month bills, 6H a
= 11-16 per CENT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1920-10-12

For removing splinters of steel
from workers eyes an electromagnetic
has been invented that can be sup
piled with current from Light socket.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
Helltown Plans
Bad Mans Trial
to Stop Escape
tspseiAI to The HeraIa3

Winchester Va. July "a
Mike Mem. the notorious jail
breaker and general bad man"
,f Helitown. Shenandoah County.
who was captured recently in
Ohio, has been landed safely in
the shsnandoah Jail at Wood
stock, and 1t 10 expected a spe-
sial ter moi court will be call
ID to try him before Neff digs
out of Jail again. II he Is con-
victed. no time will be lost in
rushing hm to the penitentiary.
Paul Neff. his brother, an
escaped convict, is being return
ID to the State prison.
The Neffs were In fair way
10 remain at liberty until they
were arrested at Toledo recently
by a railroad detective, who saw
one OF the men examining a re-
volver during q rest period at a
freight terminal where they
were employed.
While serving q ninety-day
term in Ohio, the jailer station
ed q "stool-pigeon" prisoner
near them, and to him Mike Neff
entrusted q letter" Upon open
Ing 1t, the jailer discovered the
men were the notorious Neffs
from Helltown, Va. They had
been passing as Frank Davis
and Fred Pence. The Neffs were
Identified several years ago a.
the men who raided bank at
Kitzmiller. Nd.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
Hagerstown Holds Three
For Baltimore Police

Hagerstown, Nd, July %. Ar
thur Dyke, Arthur Douglas and his
wife. Ethel Douglas. a pretty bru-
nette, who were apprehended near
Hancock by Sheriff Duffey and q
deputy and brought to this city. are
being held on a $1,000 bond each
for hearings. A Telephone message
from the Baltimore police to Sheriff
Duhey requested that the trio be
held until officers from that city
could come here to look them over
as II may be they are wanted in
Baltimore. The automobile occu-
pied by the trio when they wero
taken Is said to belong to Earl
Ward. of this city Dyke. who said
he Is a salesman, said he bought
the machine from a dealer. He said
he was taking the Douglases, who
live in Baltimore. to Cumberland.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
RICHMOND CHURCH
CALLS MISSIONARY
Especial to Washington HeraIdJ

Especial to washington Hernld.D
Richmond. Va, July ,22.-An-
nouncement was made today that
the Rev. O. W. p. Mayo, of Dyke,
Greene County. has accepted a call
to Monumental Episcopal Church to
succeed the Rev. James W. Morris.
who accepted an appointment In
Brazil early in the spring. Mr.. Mayo
will enter upon hrs duties here in
October.
He is a native OF West More
land County and graduate Of the
Virginia Theological Seminary of the
class of 1902. He has been doing
mission work in the mountains Of
Virginia under Archdeacon Meade
practically ever since he was or
dained. He founded the Blue Ridge
Industrial School and has since been
fits superintendent. Monument Church
was built as a memorial to those
who perished in the Richmond Thea
ter fire on it's site in 1911.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
TAsasands Now Training.
WASHINGTON PRODUCE.

The Wholesale market prices yes
terday morning ranged about as fol-
lows:
Eggs-strictly fresh. 44a45c; av-
erage receipts. 43c; Southern, 43c.
Dairy Butter-Tubs, 61a62c; prints,
s3as4c.
Cheese-Full cream, 34a35c.
Live Poultry-Roosters, per lb,
&c; turkeys, per h.. 3sa42c; chick
ems, spring, per lb., 4sa50c; hens, per
lo.. 35c; keats. young. per lb., 75asoc.
Dressed Poultry - Fresh-killed
spring chickens, per ID. soas5c; hens.
per lb., 36a37c: roosters. per h., &c;
turkeys. per h., 45a5oc.
Live stock-Calves, per h., la
l5c; lambs. 15c; sheep, 5asc
Green FrG!ts-Apples. new. per
Dbl. S1.50a4.50; boxes, new, 50ca
Sl.25; California lemons, per box
s2.ooa3.00; pineapples, s6.00aS.00;
California oranges. per crate, $1,000
500; grapefruit, s6.o0a7.0o; canta-
loupes, California standard, s2.00a
800; fats, sl.0Oa1.50; ponies. s150a
200: North Carolina, standard, per
crate. s1.00a250; California honey
dew melons. $500; gooseberries, per
quart, 1212 a20c; blackberries. per
quart, 12ha20c; huckleber,ies, 1sa
30c quart; raspberries. 3oa40c quart
watermelons, 20 lbs, 40c; 30-35 lbs,
SOC; bananas, per bunch, s3.o0a5. 90;
California plums. per box. s2O0a
4.50; domestic. per 32-quart crate,
s2.00a4.50; peaches, per crate, s2.O0a
$50; California apricots, s1.50a3.5o
per crate.
Vegetables-Potato Southern.
new, No. per bbI.. s7.5oas.5o;
No. 2, per bbl.. s3.50a5.00; string
beans. per bbl., $500; eggplant.
per crate. s1.50a350: cabbages, per
bbI., .50at1.00: beets. per 100
punches. t3.00a4.00: lettuce. per
crate. so a S1.25: celery. per doz..
$3.50 200; romaine lettuce. 75c
n;L00: splash. p,r basket 5oa
75c; spring onions, s1.50a2.00 per
100 punches: spinach. per crate. soc
aS1.o0; North Carolina peppers, per
bu basket, 75cas1.0o: nearby to-
matoes. s1.00a2.00 per box; Texas
onions, per crate. s1.0oa1.50; peas.
s4.00as.00 per bl; cucumbers, 75ca
$500; okra, s1.ooa1.s5 per crate:
green corn. per crate, $1.0oa1.50 (;
carrots 3a4c bunch.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
First Two Wives
Dead, Wife No. 3
Charges Bigany
Especial to The Her,,d,,

Lynchburg. Va. July 81
Harry Stinnett. a city emplove
Is In Jail here charged with big
amy, the charge having been
preferred by Mrs. stinnett No
Although Stinnett is alleged
to have had three wives. he no.
mas but one and she has been
the cause of his landing in iaiI.
Wife No. 1 died natural
death. and August 81, 1912. he
married Miss Dora johnson ~
this city. He left his wife the
night of their marriage, accord
ing to the police. because he
found she had a glass eve.
Mrs. Stinnett left here ana
last January he married Mrs.
Annie Garrison. She now claim.
ne told her he had been divorced
Wife No. 2 died in Massachu-
setts July 9. and since then Mrs
Stinnett No. 3 discovered that
her husband had not been dis
vorced and so caused his arrest
Stinnett claims to the police
that at the time OF his tbirS
marriage he believed his second
wife to be dead.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
BALTIMORE GRAIN.

Baltimore. July 22.-wheat Sales
Bag lots of nearby new, by sam
pie. s2.50. $3.50. s2.7O, s2.75, s2.76,
s27s, $3.50 and s2.S3 per bu.
Midday quotations-No. red
winter wheat, spot, $500 sales; No.
!, red winter. garlicky. spot, s2.ys
nominal; July wheat, $3.50 nom
inaI: August wheat. no bid; Sep
tember wheat. sass nominal
Cob corn-Nearby prime white
and yellow, $500 per Dbl. Track
yellow, No. 2 or better. not quoted.
Corn sales-None.
Oats-Range OF prices: No. 2
white. s1.s1 per bu.; No. . white.
S1.20 per bu.
Rye - Range Of prices: Bag lots
of nearby rye, as to quality, $3.50
a225 per bu.; No. western export
spot- S2.3S per bu. sales.
The Washington herald., 1920-07-23
STATE 1NSPECTS
CUMBERLAND ROADS

Cumberland, Md, July 22.-J. N
Mackall, chairman of the State
roads commission, inspected the
roads In this Vicinity yesterday
with the view to ascertaining what
maintenance work is urgently re-
quired.
Mr.. Mackall paid many compli-
ments to Allegany County for its
progress and thrift in road-buiId-
ing. in which 1t is the pioneer in
this section Of the state. He ex-
planned that at present the State
road commission is without funds
and can not undertake new work
unless bonds authorized by the last
session OF the legislature are sold.