Vernon Parish Democrat. (Leesville, La.) 1917-193?, 1920-01-17

a pump cannot be placed so that the limiting
suction lift will not be exceeded, 1t is necessary
to lower the pump cylinder into the well, raising
the water from the cylinder to the spout by the
direct lift of the piston. Water be pushed
more easily than it can be pulled hence, rather
than resort to extreme suction lifts 1t is prefer
able to lower the cylinder to within Is feet
less Of the supply, still better to submerge it.
Where water is discharged against pressure a
force pump is necessary. practical installa-
ton for the kitchen sink is a combined suction
and force pump which will be found a great Ia
Dor saver for the housewife.
Deep-We Pumpa
Deep-well pumps are heavier and stronger than
those described above. They may be Of the lift or
force type and the standard or working head is
always directly over the we'll The cylinder
should be near (within Is feet) or else below
water level which pumping and drought may ere
ate y Submergence is the preferable arrange
ment In all installations the size of the pump
ing cylinder must be determined from the size
depth, and yielding power Of the well, the guam
tity Of water required, and the available power.
Deep wells and hand or WINDMILL outfits take
small cylinders.
Pumping by means of compressed air is very
old, but the systems used prior to 1909 required
the air supply to be turned on or shut of accord
ing to whether not the water was needed.
Based on a patent granted in that year, a two
warer supply and controlled by the opening and
closing of the faucet, was devised. The essen
Tia parts of installation, besides such a pump.
are an air compressor, storage tank engine or mo-
ior-with air and water pipes and minor attach
ments The pump operates only when water 's
used, starting whenever a faucet is opened and
continuing until all faucets are closed.
The chief advantage of acknowledgements pumps
is that water may be taken from ordinary depth
or lateral distance. or from several sources. with
one power outfit and delivered direct from the
well to the faucet. The power plant may ne
located wherever convenient and as many pumps
may be used there are sources of water. Both
hard and soft water may be delivered by using
two pumps and the necessary piping systems
Air-dsplNcemCnt pumps are not adapted at pres
ent to lifts much over 1875 feet or to wells 'css
than three inches in diameter. they be
used where more water is required than the
well can supply within a specified period All
pipes and airdisplacCment pumps must be tight
and remain tight in service, and working parts
must be kept in good order
Horsepower Needed.
Water may be raised by hand, windmill, by
drauIiC rams steam. hot air. gas, internaT-com
bustOn engines, electric motors. Hand power
is unsuted to large supplies or high lifts Wind
mills are probably the most familiar type of me
chanicaI power used, and often are arranged II
start and stop automatically. Gasoline and OF
engines are well adapted to farm pumping an,
may be equipped to, stop at any desired pressure
in a supply tank. The use of electricity f"
pumping is Increasing. The method is clean
quiet, and convenient and starting stopping
distant pump by throwing switch may be prnC
teal wherever transmission lines are sufficiently
near.
The theoretical horsepower needed to rais'
water is found by multiplying the gallons pumps
in one minute by the total lift, in feet, includ nj
friction in both suction and discharge pipes, ant
then dividing the product by 1000. The horse
power as computed, should be multiplied by from
two to four to overcome losses in pumping ant
still allow for reserve of power. Ordinart!
one to two horsepower engines are suficien: TO
farm pumps but 1t is always safest to determin
this point by computation
An advantage to be derived from the wellIn
stalled farm water system often overlooked is th
benefit It affords in the way of fire prevention
With relatively small expenditure, fixtures can b
added to q pipe system. which give ready acceS
to the water supply for fighting flames In a
most every case fire can be easily put out
discovered at it's early stage. providing there
hrefghting apparatus near by and all hant
even the children. are taught and drilled to Us
such apparatus coolly and skillfully.