Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1920-07-25
s|MPL|F|ED LESSONS IN
CARE OF AUTOMOBILE
Expert Guerriich Discusses Intri.
cacics OF Engines Cooling
SySteIn

The gas engine. known TO engineers
MS an internal combustion engine. to
them comes In the class OF engines
known as heat engines. because OF
the fact that the power is derived
from the heat developed when the
mixture OF gas and air explodcs or
burns. Al heat means power. all OF
the heat practical must be kept In
the engine.
Unfortunately, II the metal parts OF
ING engine DC allowed TO reacn GER
tain tem1erature they "iii become
SOFT. and as they must rub together.
inc metal would soon be cut and no
the parts be ruined. Thus the en-
Einc must be equipped win some de-
parts below THIS dangerous tcmpera-
turc. In other words, Il cooling sys-
ten must be furnished In order to
keep the cylinders from becoming 50
not AZ 10 be cut and ruined by the
!uoninS 81 the rcc.rrocatinl pi..Vna.
Both air ana water are used TO cool
Where air is used alone. Ranges OF
rings are cast around ;nc cylinders.
which Ranges Viii conduct the neat
away from tile cylinders. the heat, In
turn. being taken from the nanecs Dy
a blast q! AIR. which Is blown on
thcia by means OF fan. By oh9erY-
iHS the engine Or most motorcycles
you VA! % able TO zee how these
iianges are cas-; on the cylinders.
Wn"a the engine is watcr-coo!cd.
Jacket tag shown la the Illustration
and called a water jacket liz cast
around the cylinders and water is
then made 20 circulate throuSa these
jachcts AS the water comes III con
tact with the metal II cools IL. but In
do!nS 30 It VIII take tho hea, to it
SEX :lnn taIs OccDunr no. 30. ~. cor
the water also be cooled IL would In
time become so hot a. TO be useless
~ cooling medium .Or ,ne q! .tn-
drra.
On a stationary engine stream Of
uacd. but on q moving automobile the
same water nuzt he used over and
, oyer again. In orher to cool This Ms.
the top OF cooling tank. called e
vlGiatVr--thrnul:1 &hicn / TioHiy
i'ows downward. being cooled on the
through the radiator by means OF u
fan.
There are Two methods employed
The water Jackets and the radiator.
In one o: these pump. sc; a!nos,
Immediately - PACK or tho :tI.,tor.
sucks tho cooled water from the bot
tom thereof and then :orccs IL
through rho water Jackets and up TO
the top OF the radiator. down through
cooled on the Wa! down. when IL is
again pumped through the Jackets
etc: This is called the pump system.
and IL shown IN F!guT. !.
The other system, called natural
circulation. or thrrmp syphon system.
depends :or the circulation on the
i ihi i soI5 Mo- wa,sr Sens ish,er
ana cold water 10 the bottom Thus.
when tho engine - running. the
water in the Jackets viii bccom. hot
hnc 20 travel upward 10 the top %
tna radiator its place being taken by
the cooler water IN the notion u: Il.
There Is n:tlc 70 cioos. between
'7csc t"D sYSte'1s. The pu,nn syste,u
gives II more positive and vigorous
circulation. but requires the addition
noy!r:, because OF !cakag. past the
n7cF!n" g FIGURE ,. which packing
must be looked after
Fhrr" nrH ;wo types Of radiators.
tubular mad cellular or houcycomb
.'iEuTo 3 shc"s 4 tubular radiator
Ih'". you VII notice, cor 'sts OF a
which are paced n large number %.
Yam metal Ranges. "a the water
flows through these tubes the tubes
hecom" not. aad ;heir heat Is then
nangcs are. In turn. cooled by air
which Is sucked through them by 4
fan generally placed !r1mcd!atcly in
BACK OF tn" radiator. on some older
cars the spokes OF the ayWhecl act
as fan.
Figure SHOWS . section or a cell
lulnr radiator. Here the water passes
through two thin sheets Of metal.
hut vide tube, 50 that the water
travels downward in ~ r.n.,,irck
thin stream. To make this stream as
long as possible She sheets are ben.
illustration. The corners Of IN. Zig
aaG ahce,S n-e +oi'c-"i ;nro har SO
that the radiator gives nc nppcar-
amce Of = homeyeomh. The space he
Through which air IS drawn ny the
fan.