davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25
FARMERS MARKETING COSTS
LOWERED BY GOOD HIGHWAYS

The highway is coming into it's
own in America.
Neglected, abused, undervalued,
subjected to cheap remedies for de-
cades, at last the country road is
being accorded the treatment it de-
serves. At cost of hundreds OF
millions, the United States is rap
idly overcoming the economic handi-
cap which highway neglect has so
/ long entailed.
This stupendous movement, the
scope of which the public even now
does not fully comprehend, is found
ed on sound business considerations.
Good roads pay. If they did not,
the nation would not now be con
structing and planning them on
an unprecedented scale. They pay
by promoting the social life of the
door recreation, and by helping
maelstroms of municipalities. But
more important still, they pay in
dollars and cents, for poor roads add
heavy toll to the buying and selling
of farm productsJa toll far in eX-
cess of adequate Improvement.
Unprecedented Road Program
This is a lesson cities as well as
rural districts are learning. In the
bureau of public roads, United
States Department of Agriculture,
which administers the federal aid
1Odu act, is CGliIcI Gu SupCl NloIOIl VI
all highway construction which fed
eral funds help carry on. At the
close of last year. project statements
had been approved calling for fed
eral aid to the amount of $110,S4O,-
773-a sum which indicates how full
ter roads mean better business The
total federal funds available to aid
the states in their bodybuilding pro-
grams up to July |, 1920. will be
ceeded by the combined expenditures
of state, county, and municipalities.
! Ro3ter Roads, Better Business
The business considerations back
of these vast investments are not far
to seek. Better roads mean cheaper
and quicker hauling. 1t has been
estimated, for example, that on a
level, muddy earth road the amount
which one horse can draw in an Or
binary wagon varies from nothing to
smooth, dry earth road, from 1000
to 1000 pounds; on a gravel road IN
bad condition, from 1000 to 1,50D
pounds; on a gravel road in good
| condition, about $500 pounds; on a
maca dam raod, from 1000 to 5000
pounds; on a brick road, from 5000
10 5000 pounds.
If the speed of travel is the same
on ali of these surfaces the horse
will haul on good macadam road
miles a day as upon a moderately
muddy earth road. Assuming that
one horse is capable of a certain fix
ed amount day, then, with given
load, his effective radius of travel
from given point on a macadam
road is from three to five times the
radius of travel from that point on
moderately muddy earth road-and
earth roads are moderately muddy
many months in the year.
Several years ago information Sc
cured by the department of agricul-
ture from $500 correspondents in
dicatcd that the average cost OF
hauling On an unimproVed country
road was 22.7 cents a ton-mile. To
day, with price levels much higher
the cost would be even greater. +,
While it is difficult to estimate &C.
clrately what the saving would be
if all highways were improved in the
districts represented by these replies
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25
GET. BETTER CORN YIELDSBY
MAKING CULTIVATION COUNT

to form large clods. Clods tie up
plant food so that the corn roots
cannot use it.
Watch Soil and Plants
Do not waste cultivation. Guilt
walton may be actually injurious
when your soil is SO dry and hard as
TO break into large dry clods.
Failure % cultivate promptly when
it IS needed to prevent the soil from
becoming cracked, hard, or weedly
will materially lessen the corn yield.
In addition to watching the SOIL
watch the plants. Their progress de-
termines how you should cultivate
vate as deeply as the condition of
the soil makes necessary. IF your
seed bed was not we'll prepared be-
fore planting, deep cultivation when
the corn is small is desirable Get
your soil into open condition so that
the corn :oots can reach out for food.
After the plants become foot
high, shallow cultivation only should
be given. The roots have spread out
close under the surface of the soil
and would be injured by deep Guilt
walton. Never cultivate deeply close
to corn plants after they are q foot
lNGh. Such cultivation, will break
feeding roots and cause injury to the
plants.
Conserve Labor and Land
Corn is the main support of the
nation. Grown in every state of the
union, it exceeds any other crop in
acreage, production, value, and multi
plicity Ct uses
When land and labor were abund-
ant, production could be increased
to meet increasing demands by plant
ing more acres to corn. But the de-
mand for corn is still increasing
while available labor is decreasing.
TIE only way to increase production
is t. make each acre yield more
bushels Of coin.
The average yield of corn per acre
in the United States is about twenty
seven bushels. With good seed, fair
soil, and timely, careful cultivation
the yield can be doubled, the special
lists say. That may be too much to
strive for this year. but prope' meth
DDS should enable you to obtain, with
limited labor, as good yields as YOU
formerly grew-unless, Of course,
you have always folio wed tine Eest
cultural r'cthods.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

specific instance makes the bene-
Fl plain. A farmer in a southern
state had to haul a ton of barbed
wire 23 miles, over unimproved roads.
lie found that with a tWo-horSe
team his maximum load was 500
pounds, and that three days were
required to make one round trip. To
haul one ton, therefore, required IL
days to make one round trip, AL
lowing Sc a day for man and team
this region were improved, the same
team could draw ton to the load
and make one round trip in two days,
at cost of $12. The ton-mile cost
under old conditions was $3.18, and
this cost was. reduced to SO cents by
the improved road.
Roads and Wheat Marketing
Take the saving in the cost of
hauling wheat as another example
If the construction of narrow, single
track roads with improved surface
will reduce the hauling cost 5 per
cent a ton-mile, and if the average
yield of wheat in the vicinity OF these
roads is 30 bushels to the acre, there
results, for an average haul of 5
miles, an economic advantage of 22.5
cents an acre or $36 a quarter Sec
ton. This is per cent on 5000.
Calculations OF this sort nave SHOWN
thousands of communities the wis
com of borrowing money to the ex-
tert of $4,000 square mile of wheat
area, so that roads could be improv-
ed to effect a saying on wheat haul
ing equal to that cited above, and,
at the same time, effect a CORES
ponding saving in each of the other
crops.
The lowering of distribution costs
it is now recognized, is one of the
most important problems in reducing
living costs. While business is
searching for more economical meth
DDS of handling goods, the farmers
have not been neglecting other
phases Of this problem. On the
prices at which he sells, all other
prices must depend. Good roads, en-
abling him to get his products to
the market at materially reduced
more eoonom.caI ommereial distr i
ton.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25
FOODS ''LONG, LONG TRAIL"
ABIG ITEM IN LIVING COSTS

A line from a popular song
There's a long, long trail a-wind-
ing"-applies to at least one of the
many and devious paths which old
man H. c. l.. treads in his effort to
make living complex and expensive
for the average person.
The particular byWay referred to
is that which wholesale shipr,c- It's
of food follow in their costly travel
from the railway car to the retailer.
be sped half way across the CONT
nent in a day or two, but on arriving
In the city where the food is to be
retailed, the shipment starts on a
winding trail which too often adds
little but unnecessary costs and de-
lay.
Eliminating Expensive Carting
This expensive shunting and haul
ing of foodstuffs from point to point
the unnecessary handling causes
are the big items centralized whole
sale terminals eliminate. The Bu-
reau of Markets, United States De-
partment of Agriculture, has been
on this trail, literally, following
how much expense is added to the
cost of food by unnecessary hand
ling between the shipper and the re-
taller. The route followed by car
lOdu Ol pGdCIl0S entering d
western city over railroad not pro-
vided with team tracks we'll illus
trates this phase of the distribution
problem.
This car had to be switched from
the railroad on which it entered ,ne
city. through the crowded switch
yard, to another track which is &C
cessible to teams. Here it stood I'M
til the receiving Wholesalers team
sters could finish another job. After
this delay two wagons were drawn
up beside the car, in turn, and were
loaded with the peaches. Thereupon
they started for the wholesale house
which was two miles away.
The transfers route lay through
the most congested part of the city,
the wholesale district being close to
the busy retail section. The wagons
were a full hour and a quarter MAX
ing the trip. Meanwhile, the sun
beat down on the peaches and the
city's dust and dirt filtered in
through the crates SO that the fruit
was far from being as fresh and at
tractive as when taken from the car.
Moreover, the journey SO jostled and
bruised the fruit that some of it
had to be sold at a discount.
Though the wholesalers were par
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

ticularly anxious to get the peaches
delivered to their sales room on the
day of arrival, because of the favora-
BILE market, only about one-third of
the shipment came in by closing
time, and it was noon the next day
before the remainder was delivered.
The long, winding trail did not
end at the wholesalers. Once un-
loaded, the peaches were put on dis
play for the benefit of various job
bers, some of whom purchased
few dozen crates and some larger
amounts. Some of these men were
situated within two or three squares
of the wholesaler and their purchases
were delivered on hand trucks. In
the case of other jobbers another
wagon transfer was necessary.
Next in this process which eco
nomsts call distribution, came the
retailers to look over the lots, in
the end buying small quantities such
as they. could sell in a day or two.
This, of course, -necessitated another
handling and carting over the citys
rough pavements.
Last, but not least, came the con-
sumers, each buying only a small
fraction of a crate and paying big
share of the expense all the handling
had entailed.
This instance is no eNaggeration.
A very large part of the foodstuffs
brought to American cities goes over
some such devious trail. one WASH
lngton, d. c., wholesale merchant
has stated that he spends $4,000
year for carriage which could be
saved if the city had a wholesale
terminal where cars could be UNI
loaded directly into premises occu-
pied by the wholesalers. Following
an investigation in New York City
it was estimated, by a lacal organi-
zation that the saving in handling
costs which would result if adequate
terminal facilities were established
would be $2,00O,000 annually by the
Borough of Richmond: $8,000,000 by
Queens; $16,OO0,000 by the Bronx;
S21 900, 900 by Brooklyn, and an even
Vaster sum by Manhattan.
Marketing experts admit that there
are many battling aspects to the
high-cost living problem, but con-
tend that the remedy for the phase
of our costly distribution syGtem
just described is plain. Cities which
will provide modern wholesale ter
minals, where shipments can be de-
livered from the railroad cars direct
20 wholesalers a few feet away, will
make possible the saving of immense
sums of money now charged up to
the consumer.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25
It's Mostly Up to You,
Mr. Farmer

When your farms a-growin' poorer,
Or it looks that way to you,
Somehow seems there's little profit
In most anything you do:
When you start out of a springtime,
To prepare your land for seed,
And the tools you have to work with
Are not just the kind you need;
And your soil, though thin and shall
low,
You will sort o. scratch it through,
Such times, if yoM want things bet
ter,
Friend, it's mostly up to you.
faint hard farming with the
showers,
But it's during long dry spells,
When your crops are growing yellow,
That the depth of blowing tells
No, you won't have showers allus,
In the soil you're skimming
through;
Still, if you want things better,
Friend, it's mostly up to you.
n
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

Lespedeza as you doubtless, know
is a member of the legume family.
It is known commonly as Japanese
clover. 1t is a valuable \summer
growing grazing plant. 1t combines
well with Bermuda grass: The best
time to seed it would be in late
April or early May, Broadcast 1t
over the ground at the rate Of
eight to ten pounds per acre, ana
oughly. You could greatly hasten
the growth and development of the
lespedeza if you will apply crushed
lime rock at the rate of one ton
per acre. This may be put on
immediately
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

The American library system is being
widely adopted in foreign lands.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25
Combining Manure and Fertilizingsi
q. For Cotton

H. F.. R., Tallapoosa, Ga, wTteis:
have about sixty tons of mantre and
0-3-3 fertilizer Under boil weeyil con-
dtions would it be best to drill the ma
nure or broadcast this amount? The land
has been in cotton for long time with
nothing but commercial fertilizer. Should
we use rotash for corn on sandy bot
tom land?
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

Between 1918 and 1918 the money stocks
of gold in France decreased from $1,20O-
10000 to 1864, 000 600.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

ture of one pound of arsenate of
lead or Paris green and fifty pounds
of corn meal and dust this in the
ends of the ears.
Garden soil in the vicinity of At
lanta should respond to the use of
a formula containing 8 per cent of
available phosphoric acid, 4 per cent
of available nitrogen and 3 to 4 per
cent of available potash. Apply at
the rate of 500 to 1000 pounds per
acre. AS a rule, a complete fertilizer
should be put under the drill row
and mixed with the soil. Top dressers
carry quickly available forms Of nj
trogen.
The State College of Agriculture is
in position to give advice of the
character you seek relative to the
purchase and use of agricultural I'M
Elements and garden tools. We have
the largest division of agricultural
engineering of any institution in the
south.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

Seeding Lespe0eza on Bermuda Sod
J. w. R., Rome, Ca, writes:
When. is the proper time to
sow lespedeza on Bermuda sod,
and what is the best method OF
sowing?
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

Destruction of English Sparrows
j. j. B., Hawkinsville, Ga,
writes. Please send me a recipe
Tor poisoning English sparroWs
as they are destroying the gar
dens around here.
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

TURE TO USE
c. r. S., Macon, Ca, writes: ! am
thinking of mixing my own fertilizer
rs follows: 1900 pounds of acid phos;
phatc, COO pounds Of cottpnseed meal
end 200 pounds of nitrate OF SODA,
What do .cu think of 400 pounds of this
for cotton? What would this mixture
aralyze? What do you think of using
taGkage in place of eottonseed meal as
| tan get it MI cit cheaper?
Atlanta tri-weekly journal. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1920-19??, 1920-05-25

Correcting a Depravsd Appetite
c. E. F., Jefferson, Ca.
writes: | have mule four years
old that eats dirt and trash.
He will eat hay and fodder out
very we'll. He is thin and does
not look in good condition. Can
YOU give me a remedy?
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27

Two Rosebud Indians were killed in action after
rendering distinguished service, one being cited
for the CrolN de Guerrc; six were wounded Sc
vcrely and twelve less seriously wounded while
Nv" died of disease. So many young Indians had
volunteered that no quota was given the agency
IN The first draft. In all, 2G2 responded to the
Colors
While the young braves were winning glory the
folks back home were carrying ON all of the ac-
tivties of other parts Of the country. The Red
Cross report shows that the Indian knitters turned
out, among other things, 2IJ sweaters. 30 muilers
- helmets and 3JS pairs of SON. while the gar
mcnts made included 377 pajamas and 3i7 shirts
when 1t came 10 loanlng their money TO the
government or making donations" explained SUI
perinfendent Claude c. Coyey "our greatest task
was In holding them down. In one of the loan
drives II full-blooded Sioux woman signed 500
check. Then she asked: Just what Is the govern
ment going to do with the $500 | gaveT She had
not realized 1t was only loan yet willingly and
without question had handed over her money" In
addition TO the investment of trust funds In Lib
eriy bonds, there were many purchases made by
Individual Indians Alex Bordeau. n ful-blood
heading this list with an investment of $4,000
This was the spirit which prompted the recent
purchase of the United States treasury certif-
Gates. These certificates are nontransferable and
each bears the name of the purchaser. After all,
what's In q name?
Mary Lame Dog was able TO hobble in for a
Lays on The Back up and coming TO the ex-
tent of \ $1,000 certificate to his credit
Ella Leads the Horse Is some leader Ella
cashed in for $1,000.
Little Money was also on the list What do Won
mean, Little Money? You got a $1,000 certificate
Minnie Little Soldier put up a good nght and
now has four 500 certificates
Looking Glass ought to have pleasant renec-
toDs, for he sees In himself thrifty person who
is able to claim a $1,000 United States security
for his
Henry MIX will stay sweet If the 81 900 certif-
cate to his credit has anything to do with H.
Move Woman moved right up and got six 500
certificates.
As might have been expected. Never Miss 8
shot has five certificates.
George No Belly ought to be able 10 ret one
now. for he has four 500 certificates.
Even No Eyes could see that here was something
hc must not miss. so he took 500 worth
Old Woman White Thunder at one crack. be
came possessed of 500 worth of certificates
lioo mon! What do you think? Paul Owl
Eagle. the wise old bird. now owns five 500 GER
tihcates
Henry Quick Bear saw trouble .'brlin" for his
old age if he didn't his money. He is ON the
list for four 500 certificates
Runs Walking however that can be done hon
ped the list for 500.
Arthur Two Strikes lined out a safe hit for six
certificates.
Went Home arrived there with $500 TO his
credit.
Moses White Turtle shelled out for five certif-
Gates.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
ROAD TESTS IN CALIFORNIA
Over Adobe Land Concrete Is Laid on
Sides With Macadam in Middle
Surface Topped.

An experiment in road construction
over adobe land Is being made In a
section Of the county highway between
Bay Point and Pittsburg. In Cali
fornia.
Experience has shown that concrete
roads built over adobe land results In
the cracking and disintegratins of the
road In few seasons and In an effort
to overcome this trouble County
Surveyor Arnold is having the link Of
the county highway constructed In a
manner tried in several eastern states
and proved successful.
The concrete is laid In two separate
sections, each eight feet wide with a
two-foot strip through the center. In
this strip is placed oil macadam which
is rolled level to the surface OF the
concrete and the entire surface Is
faced with topping.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
GOOD ROADS ARE ESSENTIAL
Success Of Motor Truck Express Lines
Depends Greatly on Character
Of Highways.

The success of the motor truck ex-
press depends to a very large degree
on the character of the roads over
which the routes run. Bad roads in
crease the operating costs. and cOnse-
quently the rates to patrons, beyond
the point of economy. Trucks are de-
structive to roads unless the roads
are permanently built. Therefore. the
problem OF improving and developing
the marketing facilities for farmers
through the establishment of rural
motor express lines is directly con-
meet ed with the problem of permanent
Improvement Of the highways.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27

friends and galleries of Europe. and
at last of London. where the girl was
presented at court. and painted Queen
attention of Goldsmith. Garrick.
Fussel and Sir Joshua Reynolds. With
the latter she carried on a prodigious
Irritation. She was as busy as bee.
The list of her works is enormous
portraits. decorations of palaces. etc.
The grace Of her work is undeniable.
but her anatomy was at fault and her
figure vapid and monotoDous. She con-
tracted an unfortunate marriage with
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
Dickens Tribute to the Cow.

II civilized peoples were to lapse In.
to the worship of animals, the COW
would certainly be their chosen god
dess. What a fountain of blessing is
the cow She Is the mother of beef,
the source Of butter the original cause
OF cheese. to say nothing Of shoehorns.
haircombs and upper feathers. A gen.
tie. amiable. ever-yielding creature.
who has no Joy in her family affairs
that she does not share with man. We
rob her of her children. that we may
rob her thereafter Of her milk; and
we only care for her when the robbery
may be OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Dickens.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
TRUCK IS QUITE Efficient
Cost Of Construction and Maintenance
Is Lowered one-HaIf by Use
Of Equipment.

Of the earth roads In the rurrl Sec
tions, the most efficient equipment yet
found consists Of a road grader drawn
by n five-ton truck. This equipment
will do the common grading such as
is usually done on this type Of road
for about one-half the cost of doing
the same work with teams in the Did
way
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
Approaching the End,

Cicero In his dialogue entitled "De
Senectute" makes one OF his interloc-
utors say that all men wish to attain
old age and yet complain of the fact
when they have attained It. He adds
that one OF the grievances of the old
is that age steals over them more rap
idly than they expected. II is pointed
out that we cannot prevent time from
passing, and that even II we lived
eight hundred instead Of eighty years
the past time. however long. cannot
when II has flown away be able to
'soothe with any consolation for an
old age of folly"
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
A Sister Wilhelm Did Not Like.

Princess Charlotte of Meningen. sis
ter of the ex-kaiser. who died recently,
had been sufferer for wears aud had
undergone many operations She pass
ed most of her time on the Riviera.
Indeed. the princess was woman you
couldn't miss. She wore bobbed hair.
when no Other woman had ever dream
Cd OF such thing. and talked democ-
racy. aud smoked all the time. The ex-
kaiser was rather alarmed at her
vagaries snd preferred his other sis
ter. Qneen Sophie of Greece. who is
more his sort.-Iondon Mail.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
MANURE CARRIER IS USEFUL
Cost Of Handling Fertilizer Is Mate
rally Reduced-HauIed to
Fields Immediately.

The cost Of handling manure may
be reduced Ivy the use of a carrier and
an overhead track. The usual plan is
to throw the manure into the carrier;
this requires but one handling. The
carrier is then dumped into the spread
er. which is hauled to the fields and
unloaded by the horses. Manure Is
thus handled but once.
New Mexico state record., 1920-02-27
Praised Beyond Her Merit

divine fire" that glows in the work
Of genius. Angelica's great personal
attractions partly account for the ex-
aggerated praise heaped upon her by
her contemporaries. IL ever a girl
had chance IT was Angelica. But
flattery and fine living cannot hatch
the egg Of Immortality. She was born
at Coire. in the Grisons; had for
years the widest advantages of art