davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
\ N THE Sd of Nivose In the
! year III about II p. m.
melancholy convoy entered
the city of Breda, occupied

~ melancholy convoy entered
the city of Breda, occupied
by Nandamme's division.
The convoy, composed of prisoners,
was escorted by dragons. 1t had
come a long way. This was evident
from the exhausted condition Of
the captives, whose march neither
threats nor blows could hasten.
They dragged along in the snow,
transformed into slush by a sudden
thaw. The slush had spattered them
from head to toe. Who coull have
recognized, under that plaster of
mud, the brilliant uniforms Of the
Emigres, the dolmans and sky-blue
trousers, with orange stripes and
silver braids, Of the Chevaliers of
the Crown, formerly under the COM
mand Of the Count de Busy? Most
Of the men were young. But ex-
ccssivc hardships had aged faces
which we're once naughty or smiling.
These Frcnchmen, who had put
the kings cause above the countrys
and who had fought in the enemy's
ranks, we're being conducted to
Breda for judgment. They came
from the north, from Nieuport and
Bois-le-Duc, volunteers Of the Loyal
Emigrant Corps, or Of the Legion Of
Damascus, subsequently dispersed,
abandoned by their princes and
forced TO take pay in the service
Of Holland. They had known
the supreme humiliation Of having
been mistrcatcd by those for whom
they offered their blood in battle
against the armies Of the republic.
The bitter irony of their fate was
brought home to them by the fact
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19

now he sought to be mild hammered
Il thank you," she said, in clear
voice.
"Well, citizeness, are you strong
enough to answer my questions?
Who are you? Be frank with me. y
She made a gesture which signi-
fed that she had no idea of con-
cealing anything.
81 used to be called the Baroness
de Longevity. I left France three
years ago. I didn't know that that
was crime. | followed a man
whom I loved. I would have fol
lowed him wherever he went. He
was killed last year at Courtrai.
Since then | have wandered about.
hardly know where. I have suf-
fered so much! / was taken pris-
oner at Alkmaar. That is the whole
story"
Its more than enough to con-
demn you," said Vendamme.
Nine. de Longevity shuddered.
How old are you!"
Twenty-Five"
The general walked up and down
the room, deep in thought.
'Tt's young to die. And what
good would your death be to the
Republic! There are enough others
down there"
The Christmas hymn, repeated by
the Emigres, floated up into the
night. But its triumph was i'm
pregnated with sadness. 1t was
like a farewell to life.
Vandamme began again:
"Lis.cl. I have 10 authority to
give passports. But I'm going to
try TO save you. In a few days the
troops will leave Breda. We must
hide you till then. BY that time
you will have rcgained your
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19

when his eyes fell on the wagon. II
seemed to him that the young woman
lying in it moved slightly.
He called an old cavalryman, La
Pique, who always slept before the
generals door, ready to take orders.
'La Piquc," he said, "you see that
cart. You will find woman in it.
Take her up as gently as you can.
Wait until nobody is looking and
bring her here"
eyes, general
In a few moments the cavalry
man returned to Vandamme's cham
ber, carrying in his arms the un-
fortunate creature, now conscious
again, and shaking with fear. La
Pique was trying to reassurc her in
his way:
Il tell you no one will harm you"
It was like an ogre suddenly turned
merciful.
"Silence.' cried Vandammc, ad-
dressing the orderly. Put her in a
chair. near the fire, ard find some
warm wine for her. she is frcez-
ing"
The general threw his cloak over
her knees. Understanding that he
meant to help her, she gave him a
look Of immeasurable gratitude.
"a curse on the timcs,' he cried.
"Men can stand them; but youth like
this was never made to suffer"
It i IL
Revived by the warmth, the pris-
oner studied Vandamme's face. He
often had an air Of ficrceness, but
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19

is, after all, matter which lies
with the women workers themselves
to a large extent. Certain conces-
sions have been made to this class
Of workers new to certain lines of
work. Adjustments have been made
III machinery to accommodate the
woman worker.
1t was found that women operated
successfully small machines requir-
ing skill but little or no muscular
strength; also the large machines
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
THIS girl took mans place during the avar as typ
7Urater repdiyer

war by certain of the women leaders,
is recalled by this paragraph:
"In the first place, none of the
changes in labor conditions following
the war is likely to correct the ine-
qualities in relative rates of pay
which prevailed during the war. If
anything, the inequalities, without
counter influence, may tend to in
crease"
The question Of women having
wages equal to those of men
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
Urge Goats for England

! wholesome article so essential for the
wellbeing of young children, FOR
whom goats milk is acknowledged
by the medical profession to be even
more suitable than cows milk Of q
higher food value and more dixesti-
BILE, goats milk is, for all practlcal
purposes, free from the taint OF
tubercle. Some goat-keepers who be-
gan to use the milk on the advice
Of their doctors now prefer it to
cows.
ut may be suggested that the
four chief reasons why goats are not
kept by people who are unable in
any event to keep a COW are %
ignorance Of the goats good quail
ties, (2) prejudice against goats
milk Ga prejudice for which, in this
country, at least, there is no founda-
tion), (3) the difficulty Of obtaining
at a reasonable price hardy goats OF
good milking strain, and az the diff
ficulty Of finding buck goat Of good
milking strain within a convenient
distance. Like all other varieties Of
livestock the goat requires, if it is
to thrive, reasonable attention, suit
able food, shade and shelter, but in
a favorable situation, and if a free
range can be given this animal will
find most Of its own supplies during
SIX months Of the year, though the
milk yield will undoubtedly be
strengthened by an evening meal of
concentrated food. A goat Of good
milking strain should give over half
q gallon Of milk when in full profit,
with an eight or nine month period
of lactation, while a specially good
animal will yield even better re-
suits"
Commenting on the suggestion,
the Countess Bathurst writes:
"As I have kept goats for sixteen
years | was delighted to read in
The Morning Post of Saturday last
that the Ministry Of Agriculture is
warmly advocating goat keeping.
must at the same time point out
that during the last ten years and
more various members of the CON-
mittee Of the British Goat Society
have approached the Ministry of
Agriculture to beg it to sanction
the importation of goats, and they
have always met with a refusal.
Foot-and-mouth disease was the a.
legged reason. Goats do not suffer
from foot-and-mouth disease, and
the would-be importers were pre-
pared to submit the imported Swiss
goats to any length of quarantine on
landing, bat the Ministry cf Aor;-
culture was obdurate.
i wish to indorse all that can be
SAID in favor of goats milk for chill
dren versus timed or artificial mill.
which often produces ricketts,"
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
WOMAN truch driver at
~ the Bush Terminal, IN
Brooklyn

to handle the material, which neces-
STATED the use Of lifting devices
for either men or women. When
machines unequipped with lifting
devices 'equired the handling OF
material too heavy for a woman, but
within the strength Of man, the
women usually failed.
Barred From Two Jobs
Equipment for comfort and stand
ards of working conditions have been
largely determined by state legisla-
ton. In the list of occupations in
which women have taken the place
Of men state legislation was found
to debar women from only two occu-
pations that Of co.emaking and in
the operation Of grinding and pol
ishing machines.
The laws Of different states show
wide variance in the weights which
women are permitted to lift. Ohio
and Pennsylvania set a limit Of Is
pounds, New York Of rs pounds, and
Massachusetts of 40 pounds.
The report summarizes it's con-
clusions thus:
"The popular belief that women
in industry rendered real service to
the nation during the war is sus-
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
1at Women Did in the War Made Matter of Record
"A Summary Of Their Services Con-
tanned In Report Just
Published

were markedly heavier in these in
dustries than the losses in other in
dustries. The loss Of every man
drafted or enlisted in military serv-
ico added the equivalent of from
three to eighteen to the numbers of
consumers.
Many women left these industries,
but they were by no means indus
trial deserters. They were accus-
toned to the noise and jar Of
machinery and very ably equipped
for jobs in the factories which were
turning out battlefield materials.
These women from the textile and
other machinery equipped plants
were the first line Of recruits to fill
the vacareies in factories making
the weapons of actual warfare.
Home Women Drafted
A survey made by the National
Industrial Board in 1918 shows
that the metal trades had up to that
time drawn their women workers
from the ranks of those previously
employed in other industrial occu-
pations. AS the load upon industry
grew these women drawn from other
industries were not enough to fill the
gap.
Then began the draft of the wage
less women, married women some of
whom had worked for wages before
their marriage. Some of these
women went to work because they
needed the income, their husbands
and brothers having gone to war.
Many of them carried double duty,
working part of the day in the fac
tory and attending to their homes in
the hours that were left. Some of
them went to work purely from
sense of patriotic duty and others
tried munitions work for the very
novelty of it. The tendency of that
period was to draw upon the home
for women to fill vacancies in in
dustry.
Although employers expressed ap-
probation for the help of these
women in meeting the emergency,
over and over again they testified to
the greater value of the regular
wage-earning woman" 'the woman
dependent on her wages for a liv-
ing"
After the second draft women
were substituted in mems places by
thousands, frankly as "war emer-
gency." The substitution was sue
cessful in the main.
S'Spoiled by War Wages"
The immediate effect Of this shift
of women workers from the indus
tries which had employed them in
peace times to those which had to
have them in war time was to re-
lieve the congestion in women en-
ployees of the former kind Of in
dustries. There was a perceptible
rise in the price level for women's
work and this affected women's
wages in all industries. Although
there was a drop in these wages fol-
lowing the war, it did not take them
back to what they had been in 1916.
The great difficulty in the women
employing agencies was getting the
women back after tie war.
"We've gotten some Of them back,
but they have been spoiled by war
wages"
I'VE can't get our women back at
the old wages"
eve have to be content with a
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
SHIS young aVomaa, an or
tist, became q machinist
for the period of the aOar

tanned by the figures showing the
numbers Of women employed both in
war agent and implement industries
and in war food and fabric indus
tries, by the preponderance of evi-
dcnce from employers holding gov
crnment contracts and by the Off
cial statement of the Assistant Sec
retary of War, acting as Director of
Munitions.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
Some War Results

"The labor shortage and excessive
demands of industries essential to
the production of implements and
agents Of warfare resulted during
the war in:
"(a)--A sharp increase in the
number Of women workers in these
industries during the war.
"(b)-A marked decrease in the
number of women in the traditional
woman-employing industries, result
ing in the relief of the long-stand-
ing congestion Of woman labor in
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
Speed a Necessity

speed was a necessity, and guam
"'y output strained the plants try
ing 70 supply these articles far be-
''nd anything in their experience.
Now, reports are often dry in ap-
parance and many Of them live up
V their formidable exterior. But
throughout this report on women in
INDUSTRY are statements Of fact
"nien many may find more or
ELS lntcresting. For instance, in
ection with the point on guam
ny production it Ia stated that an
s'fny in the field uses from three
V eighteen tines an much wearing
apparel as the same number Of men
in civil life.
Except for certain branches Of
+~'n manufacture, such as -four
making, women constitute from one
.nifd 70 two-thirds Of the working
tpfcss in the businesses concerned
: s'sa clothing and feeding both the
asnting and civilian population. The
S'sss in male iabo~ Is1.ng the war
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
By Hannah Mitchell

w T OMEN in industry have
XA/ new position since the
w war. But just what it is
and wherein it differs
from their old position have been
MATTERS of speculation so tar.
To answer questions along these
lines q report has been published by
Tho Women's Bureau of the United
states Department of Labor. The
report is the result of an investiga-
ton based upon statistics of wom-
ems employment during the war and
in the postwar period.
One of the predictions during the
time when women were being re-
eruited to fill the places in indus
try left by men drafted for military
service was that these women would
he forced out, either by sentiment or
by actual discharge, as soon as the
emergency was over. Another was
that the men would come back from
service to their country to find
women established in their places for
GOOD. Neither prophecy was par
ticularly cheerful.
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
k6@ EFT the goat" seems to be
W the latest slogan Of the

D IL viz SCoC oCCAAiS w NC
W the latest slogan Of the
British Ministry Of Agri-
culture. One Of its bulletins, sum-
married. in The London Post, points
out that "on the Continent goats are
kept in very large numbers, but
there are certain parts of England
where, while fresh milk can be OBJ
tanned only with difficulty. either by
reason Of lack of cows or the de-
mands of big cities, the goat which
might help to supply what is missing
is nowhere to be found. In these
unfortunately situated districts
timed milk replaces the fresh
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
No Conflict Resulted

uCuidIlS SilSCl 1di'
No Conflict Resulted
However, there has been no great
cataclysm, no sex war such as some
Of the gloomily inclined were wont
to foretell. Some of the women who
took mems jobs during the war have
resigned, it is true. But many Of
them have done so from choice.
Others have gone on to new and
wider fields than those they en-
tered while the war was going on.
The report covers data on the en-
ployment of women in manufacture
ing and mechanical departments Of
peace and war time industries. Two
angles are dealt with in the report:
What the war did for women in in
dustry and what women did for the
World War.
Before the war the five principal
'women-employing industries were
the textile industry, that of per-
sonal apparel, food products, to-
bacco products and hand and foot
wear. Among the other. industries
with larger proportion of women
than 10 per cent were the paper box,
bookbinding and printing industries
and the manufacture of electrical
machinery and supplies, hardware
and tinware industries, ammunition
factories and the smaller branches
Of the metal trades.
Changed by the War
During the war the trend of
women workers was away from the
traditional strongholds of "war food
and fabric industries" to the "war
agent and implement industries" !"
Although women had been employed
in factories, mills, Offices and stores
long before the war, the most im-
ports ut industries which sprang into
prcni lence, the industries most
wrenched and strained by the first
impact of war orders, were not, ex-
cept in the case of cartridge making,
conspicuous employers of woman
labor. So far as skilled labor was
concerned women we're negligible
part Of the working force in indus
tries from which the blades, bullets,
guns, grenades and all the other
implements Of war were requisi-
toned for the battle Of the earth,
the air and the war.
The demand for quantity produc-
ton at the beginning Of the war
placed strain upon all industries
essential to the carrying on Of war.
few Of the requirements bring
out this point. The first load was
to provide food and clothing, hous-
ing and other maintenance for near
~ 100000 men and TO provide for
transporting them overseas. Ameri-
cas- stocks, farms and hocks had to
provide this food and raw materials,
but Americas industries had to pre-
pare i I'D pack it in American con-
Iainers and snip it overseas. There
we're So1'000,000 square yards Of cot
ton textiles alone exacted by the
army from the cotton mills Of
America. Add to this the quaint
Ties Of woolen and knit goods, silk,
Gather, rubber, and some idea may
'e gained Of the production require
faents of the World War.
Speed Necessity
speed was a necessity, and guam
NY output strained the plants try
ing 70 supply these articles far be-
yond anything in their experience.
Now, reports are often dry in ap-
Narance and many Of them live up
v their formidable exterior. But
New-York tribune., 1920-12-19
Still Seek Equal Paw

But the makers of the report are
not yet satisfied with the result in
pay to women workers. The cam
paign for equal pay for equal
work. which was raised during the
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20

Mr.. Ed. Lawrey visited with his sis
ter. Mrs. Thomas Holmes. during the
week.
Mrs. Mylan Hoyman OF Niagara was
here during the week on a visit to Mr..
Hoyman's parents.
A party was given at the Golleckner
home last Wednesday evening that
was highly enjoyed by all present.
L. p. Barrett OF Lansing, an engineer
OF the Geological Survey having
charge of the valuation of mines. spent
several days in Alpha this week.
Misses Evelyn Uren and Charlotte
Peterson spent Wednesday evening in
Crystal Falls.
Mr.. William Langsford has been
quite Ill this week but is about town
again at this writing.
The taking OF census in Mastodon
township is nearly completed. Mr..
Haley has finished the village and is
now at work upon the Dunn location.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20
PERKINS THE WINNER
Kenny, kaxIlek and James We're the
Other Successful Candidates

The primary election last Monday
was one Of the livellest events OF the
week. In fact it was one OF the livli-
est canvasses that has been carried on
in this township.
The voting started early In the
morning and kept up until the close OF
the polls. Likewise the work for the
several candidates was lively and con-
tinuous from start to finish.
The contest soon disclosed itself TO
be one about the Offices OF treasurer
and supervisor. In fact treasurer was
the main spoke in the wheel for upon
the way things lined up in that con-
test depended great deal the result
OF the entire contest.
The reason that the treasurership
help such an important place was that
the soldier boys set out to place Dave
Kenney in that position. Mr.. Kenney
is one of the boys who is not in good
physical condition. He was compell-
ed to quit Office work in Chicago be-
cause of i'll health, and being a mem
Der OF the Legion and a young man
who makes and holds friends he soon
enlisted the support OF the ex-soldiers.
Anthony Davis, Jr. OF the Dunn mine
was the other contender. Mr.. Davis
claimed that he had been made prom
Uses year ago that If kept would
place him in the Office. Harry Ander-
son filed for the Office also and at the
last moment J. J. Haulette, a man who
is suffering from tuberculosis and un-
able TO work. filed for the job. This
caused lively contest that developed
many angles
The Legion boys were out in force
and as a result they carried with them
all the men that they supported, Per
kins, Kazelik and Kenney.
The contest between Sherwood and
Perkins was keen one, Mr.. Silver
wood winning the Dunn and Mr.. Per
ltins carrying Alpha.
The result OF the contest Is as fol-
lows:
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20
A lp h a Depart m e mt
Mr.. and Mrs. George Gremore went
60 Florence last Thursday.

MT. ana MRS. george Gremore went
co Florence last Thursday.
Mrs. Argall was a visitor TO Mar
quette and Negaunee over the week
end.
The Alpha Telephone company held
its regular monthly meeting last
night The company is big success
Mr.. Russell Goodney. son OF Captain
and Mr.. s. J. Goodney, who came
home from Waukesha to visit his par
ents, returned again on Monday last.
hessrs McCord and Landrigan, men,
bers OF the McCord wheel company.
arrived here yesterday to consult with
others interested in the project.
Mr. Fred olin made business trip
to Florence last Thursday.
Mrs. KiIgren went to Sagola last
Monday TO attend the funeral OF sis
ter, Mrs. Fred Olson.
Prof. Bishop expects to attend
meeting of the Iron County Agricul-
tural Society at Iron River next Sat-
urday. He is member of the board
OF directors.
The Mastodon board of education
met Thursday night TO set a schedule
OF wages for the coming year. A num-
Der OF applications have been received
for Prof. Bishops place but action on
thine will be taken later.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20
THE COMMUNITY FAIR

At a meeting OF the Board OF Sup
eryisors last Saturday the proposal ol
Crystal Falls 10 turn in and aid Alpha
with its community fair was approx
cd. Mansfield township was added TO
the list assisting and plans are now
in the making for a very fine attrac-
tion at Alpha next September The
fair will be given under the auspices
of the Commercial Club as usual and
the entire management will be In Al
pha. The only work done by Crystal
Falls win be TO assist in making the
affair a success from the standpoint OF
exhibitors and in attendance.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20
FIRST COUNCIL MEETING

DIR. j. p. Edwards called the first
meeting OF the new council together
last Monday night and made one OF the
finest talks to the council members
that has been heard in Alpha. DR..
Edwards is president OF the village
council. He defined the relation OF
the president and III council as similar
10 that OF the president and the board
OF directors OF a corporation. He adj
monished them that the taxpayers are
the stockholders and that they Will
hold the council to an account OF their
stewardship.
The only business transacted was
that of making an appointment OF
finance committee. The members OF
this committe are L. V. Johnson and
S. G. Goodney.
The next meeting will be on Mon
day April 5 when the organization will
be completed.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20

The successful candidates at the re-
cent primary will hold open house to-
night at the Commercial Club rooms
at which an oyster stew will be served
20 those who are guests.
The commercial club rooms are very
popular for social events of the kind
and the open house" tonight promis-
es to be something out of the ordinary.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20
.pRETTY BABY

PRETTY BABY, Jimmie Hodges
new 1920 syncopated musical show,
whcih comes to the New City Hall
Theatre, Sunday night March II, is
mad. merry affair splendidly produc-
ed-full OF bright. catchy music which
will be whistled up and down the
street. and plenty OF fun.
The diamond drill., 1920-03-20

To the Electors Of Iron County.
am candidate for sheriff OF this
county and will appreciate any as
sistance given me.
IRVING II. JACKSON.