davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Attention Now Turned to Vast
Plans for Developing New
Chemical Products

at the annual meeting this week, the
commercial business of the company
increased from s26,000,0OO gross in the
years 1918 and 1914 to more than $72.-
100000 in 1918.
AS the last rites for the fantastic
war business are being performed, the
promise of a great peace business in
chemical products, including COM
mercical powders, challenges the keep
ers of the future. Representatives of
the du Pont interests are at great
pains to explain that the development
Of the company along peace lines is
logical and is related chemically to
their main business of the war. The
new dyestuffs plant is one Of the
ventures which seems surcharged with
the germs of growth. Rumors are
floating among the workmen at Car
ney's Point, N. j., just across the Del
aware River from Wilmington, to the
effect that the dyestuff works will be
expanded twenty times, but officials of
the company assert that any growth
will be gradual and not precipitatc.
In explaining the relation between
dyestuffs and explosives, M. r.
Poucher, sales manager for the dye
stuffs department and president of the
American DyestufFs Manufacturers AS
ISOLATION, said: 1.-THE bases from which
most of the military high explosives
are derived are obtained as by-products
of the coking industry, and from the
same sources are obtained the bases
from which are manufactured inter
mediates, and finally the dyes, so much
needed to-day to supply practically
every other industry. This is the
reason why all these industries fit COM
fortably into the general organization
as separate or closely allied units. Or
in other words, take the letter Y; one
fork represents the explosives indus
try, and the other the dyestuff indus
try, the base being the same for both"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

would be lost. Take this manufacturer
of jewelry, who has been making fuses.
About all that have to do" he said
to me, lis to get new tools made, take
out some of the machines and relocate
others. Then. I shall be ready to 60 on
with my orders, provided, of course,
that get proper share of raw mate
rial; but l cannot get men. l need
tool makers first and when they have
had start can take on my old men
whom l promised to reeraploy. But
the army does not give me the pivot
men who are supposed first to be de-
n,obilized Instead they have sent me
fifty ordinary workers for whom shall
have nothing to do until thu tool max
ers arrive. Dozens of Other firms are
in the same position. I know that the
selective discharge system will never
work for the mass of men, but certain
ly it ought to work for just the few
pivot men that we need to restart in
duStrv"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

trates in the companies properties
up to about $4,000 tons of sodium
nitrate year, which places the
du Pont company among the first ten
of some ninety operating companies of
various nationalities in Chile. 1t was
asserted that the total ore contained in
the company's three properties in that
country is sufficient to yield 100000
tons of sodium nitrate suitable for the
production Of acids and powder, and
will require from twelve to fifteen
years to extract. In addition to So
dunn nitrate, these properties produce
potassium nitrate and iodine, products
of the same ore.
In this connection member of the
development department declared: at
is probable that in the not distant fut-
ure the company will produce its
nitric acid requirements from the air.
1t at present owns the American rights
to what it considers the best known
process for the production of nitric
acid from the air, and had it not been
that unfortunate legislation prohibits
the development of larger water pow
ers in the United States we would un-
doubtedly now be engaged in this ad-
vanced art"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

many years. The manufacture of
coors has also close relation to the
production of dyes"
In the third place. the beginnings of
producing dyestufFs have been made.
MIR. du Pont said: "The chemical COM
position of many dyes being similar in
nature to that Of a number of modern
explosives, makes study and Develop
ment of the dye industry an appro-
PIRATE adjunct to the main business
OF the company. The industry being
comparatively new in this country, it
was decided to obtain rights and pat
ehts and processes, starting in the in
dustry without a nucleus of existing
business and contrary to the plan fol-
lowed IN other cases. 1t was originally
thought that part of the apparatus
Tor the installation Of the dye industry
could be diverted from the manu-
facture of explosives at the termina
ton of the war, but discrimination of
hostiltles has negatived this expecta-
ton. The company is already produc-
ing indigo in large quantity, and is
producing fair amounts of many other
dyes, all of satisfactory quality. The
business is complex, but of. great in
terest and promise"
Fourthly, through the purchase of
us per cent interest in the General
Motors Company, the du Point institu-
int
bile industry
The Tribune is able to amplify Mr..
du Points statement by information
received from the development DEPART
ment. AS early as 1906 the du Pont
company began to seek new outlets for
nltro-cellulose, and began experiment.
ing in the production of solutions for
use in certain industries. The manu-
facture of artificial leather, split
leather and patent leather was adopted
as satisfactory outlet Important
discoveries recently are said to have
improved this product and also to have
developed practical solution for coat
ing airplanes.
The du Pont company, it was
learned, moreover, has options for
nearly twenty years on hardwood
tracts in Michigan, near the plant at
Bay City, for the manufacture of char
coal. This plant and the other at Gray
ling, Mich, use principally. hard cord
or slab wood, which is obtained from
timber and sawmill operations in the
northern part of the state.
The technical name for the opera
tions at these plants is the distilation
of wood. A dozen products result
from the process, ranging from the
crude, tarry liquors up to the valuable
wood alchohol and acetate of lime.
The growing demand for cheap alco-
hol for industrial purposes, it is said,
also stimulated a similar business be-
longing to the company at Georgetown,
S. c. This factory uses what hitherto
was regarded as waste, and therefore
makes no demand upon the supply of
grain and other foodstuffs
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Ne1o Trade RiUalry
Keener Than Erer

The European peoples are in any
event under a considerable handicap.
Not only have they used up a consider
able part of their accumulated capital,
but they have borrowed great sums in
addition. Great Britain is not vet
debtor nation, in spite of surprising
assertions to the contrary by highly
placed individuals who should study a
little financial history, but its external
income has been greatly reduced ard
its capacity to lend abroad much i'm
paired. The need of a maximum effort
and the creation of sound industrial
conditions were never greater than at
this time. Less will reach its shores
in the equivalent of interest on invest
ed capital and much must flow away
to meet the obligations which have
been incurred to other nations and
which are not represented by produc-
tive assets. There is big destruc-
ton 80 be repaired and great contest
in prospect for leading place in the
markets of the world. At no time has
the rivalry been keener than it will be
in future. The great power to infiu-
Gus exports of capital and which did so
much to build up British supremacy
has crossed the Atlantic.
America is in position, if she cared.
20 use an immense part of her lendings
to Europe In external investment, Civ
ing grip on foreign trade which Il:
would hardly be possible 10 loose
American bankers and industrial lead
ers are fully alive to the situation and
TO the possibilities that lie before
them The facts are fully recognized
here and some steps are being taken
IN the hope of retaining much of what
Is held, including the fusion of the
British Manufacturers Corporation
and the Federation of British Indus
tries, together with the creation of a
new banking institution, the British
overseas Bank. both designed pri-
marily to foster foreign trade; also a
complete reorganization OF the trans
port system by the government. in
volving probably naturalization of the
railways and also the state control of
electricity supply.
But these expedients will be of no
avail unless there is peace and good
viii between employer an dcmploye.
Open rupture between capital and labor
Will be a fatal handicap. especially il
IT occur now, when every effort must
be made to insure sound reconstruct
ton after the financial and commercial
upheaval of the last few years. win
It be avoided and under what condi-
tions! Of no use to come to terms on
basis which will overweight industry
at the start. Industrial teanuuillitv
bought with an uneconomic bargain
Will be of no avail and must speedily
react against those who gained the vic.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Proposed Basis
Of Valuation

AS to the method of valuation,
| would suggest that the proposed com
mission take as basis the original
cost and the replacement value. This
would furnish fair means of arriv-
ing at the true value of the physical
properties. In order, however, to
equalize physical values of railroad
properties, with their earning power
values, so as to differentiate between
railroad investment that was orig
inalIy poor, let us say, like that of the
Alton, and All originally good invest
ment, like, let us say, the d., l.. g. w.
my plan provides AZ q corrective. y
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Reaching Out to
Other Countries

Further light on the international
commercial activities is shed by re-
cital of the salient facts regarding its
participation in the making of substi-
tute leather. "The development of such
industries" an executive of the COM
pany said, "has led US into another
field which, in turn, brings us in direct
competition with the almost savage
races in the island of Formosa-a COM
mercial contest between the highest
type of civilization and crude savagery.
If our plans are successful we will be-
come entirely independent of the pres
ent source of camphor, an essential
material in the production of pyralin
and similar products. The whole world
has been dependent for camphor upon
shipments from Japan, and Japan, in
turn, has drawn its supply from the
island of Formosa. The uncertainty of
this supply led the Arlington company
to look for new sources. Failing to
find source available, it was decided
to do in America what nature has done
so lavishly in the habitat of the saw
ages. We commenced planting cam
phor trees on tract of about 1850
acres of land in Florida. Climatic and
soil conditions are bringing success to
this venture, and the growth of these
trees gives promise of great success.
After period of about four years an
ever-increasing supply of camphor
should be available from this source
and the application of scientific
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
In the Scrap
Heap Of Far

The du Pont Company regards it's
emergency war plants as obsolete. 1t
likens them to the great armies which
America built up during the crisis,
which served their purpose-and won
laurels that the human race can never
become oblivious of-but which now
pass out of existence as collective
groups. The individual soldiers turn
to civilian pursuits, but the powder
plants, is is said, can serve no other
purpose. The workers homes, the
power plants, the water supply, the
purely factory ends may be adaptable
to other uses, but the powder features
are considered of no use in times when
the guns of the world fail to roar.
The diamond mines of war which the
eyaluators in peace call junk include
also the property of competitors of the
du Pont Company, and perhaps the i'm
portant plants which the du Pont Com
,sny built for the government. Of the
hitter the Old Hickory Smokeless Pow
der Plant, which will be turned over to
the government shortly, cost $s5,O0O,-
900, and the she'll loading plant at PEN
niman, Va, which is now in the gov
ernment's hands, cost between $15,-
100000 and $2O,oo0,ONO.
Against the industrial ghosts of war
the powder plants which are fast be-
coming limp and motionless-are the
non-powder making plants and projects
Of the du Pont Company. During the
white heat of war work the develop
ment department of the company was
experimenting at the industrial from
tier and the basis for new and i'm
portant non-war activities was laid
long before the armistice was signed.
As Pierre S. du Pont, president of the
company, indicated to the stockholders
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Railroads Must Be Freed
Of Hampering Restrictions
Nathan L. Amster Asserts Carriers Have Never Had
Opportunity to Do Their Best-Lines Must Be
Unified and Valuation Question Determined

ment and control, by the owners of the
railroads. under strict, effective and in
vigorating supervision.
been experimenting and have found
every policy wanting when put to test.
Our state and Federal governments,
our courts and the owners of the rail
roads, have been baffled by the obsta-
cles, defects, weaknesses and uncertan-
ties that were a part of every policy
thus far tried
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
pv Merryle Stanley Rukeyser

pv Merrylc Stanley Rukeyser
Financial Bureau
Siof Correspondence
~ 7ILMINGTON. March 15.-Sixty
~ million dollars worth of war
y factories of the E. l. du Pont
j. yemours & Co., in which 40 per cent
- the powder the Allies used to end
:orever the Prussian dream was made,
Wv lie idle-worthless, unconvertible
.crap. A survey Of these emergency units
II war making gives one the sense that
4or the moment at least the making of
smokeless powder has become a non
essential.
For four months the process of slow
;ng down the work of the plants has
bcen going on, and the wheels are now
one By one actually ceasing to turn.
The last bits of the deadly material are
being ground out by the comparatively
few workers who have survived the
progressive climinations since the
signing of the armistice, and the CHIEF
task that confronts them is caring for
the inert machinery.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Workers Hope for
Rene,Cal Of Acfirity

The du Pont company undoubtedly
would welcome suggestions as to what
to do with these seemingly worthless
plants. The official attitude of the
company is that these works have
served their function, which is now
done, and seem resigned to regard
them as scrap. Workers at the plants
in the environs of Wilmington, where
the executive Offices of the company
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Labor Threat
Not Worrison,e

: mas vastly extended it's normal
aaa'sions trades, and also practically
s o'heF factory and little workshop
40 ! changed over from peace to war
81. Ao os WORKING population Of about
teoVoo males has been transformed
~. war working population OF nj
80, 80. 10000, Of whom about three
.,s.' are women. for Birmingham
80 $500 Inc small rather than the large
49, ~ asavy goods, although they boast
'sss hey could rake every part 81 !
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Prefer T'ype,oriters
Made in america

"Before the war we could have turned
out double what we did had it not
been for the union restrictions on out
put. Now that these arc done away
with we can get production enough to
pay higher wages than before although
not war wages. But the men do not
really press for war wages. We are
on good terms with them and I think.
through the Workshop committees and
the general conditions in the engineer
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
By Samuel Crowther
Eetc Yori; Tribune
European Bureau

Ee,o Yori; Tribune
European Bureau
Copyright. 1919. New York Tribune Inc,
BIRMINGHAM, England, Feb. %
ID Birmingham is easily the key city
OF British industry. Surrounded
~ a dozen or more industrial towns, it
SINE center OF every form Of trade other
man manufacturing engineering, as
'asy call it here-except cotton, wool
and the steel products of Sheffield. No
hst anywhere exists which includes all
mat this city of the Midlands turns
out. local manufacturer told me he
fad an old man in his employ espe-
S'a'iy Tor the purpose OF finding the
manufacturers Of articles which he
might happen to need in emergencies.
None of US know just what is made
acre. There are thousands of little
'olt shops, and / have this man to
ioeate them for me. He knows the
sown. When ] want something made
winch | cannot well look after in my
WIN shops-some unusual tool or part
send out my scout, and he always
nnds somc one who can do the job.
nave never known him to come back
saying that we must look elsewhere. I
'n'hk We make everything under the
sun here"
And likewise there arc no statistics
a. 70 the total volume of the city's
trade. Three railways serve it, and
because Of their several desires not to
's' each other know how much bust
aess they do they refuse TO give out
asafcs. But we do know that Birming-
yam is supreme in hardware of every
"'"a' That It's goods go out into every
suarter OF the globe. and that during
sas war it has been the biggest of all
sspPiy centres for the army and navy.
me Birmingham Small Arms Company.
.as biggest maker Of rifles in the
oh''ed Kingdom, is here. Since the in
'eat'on OF rifles Birmingham has been
'"sr production centre.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
By George w. Glass
Financial Bureau
Staff Corresponds

Staff Corresponds
Copyright 1919. New York Tribune Inc}
II ONDON, Feb. 27.-The brief ex-
perience since the signing of the
armistice has proved how much
easier it is for country to adjust its
industry to a war footing than to swing
back to peace conditions. During the
last few years neither this nor any
other of the European countries which
have been fighting for their existence
have been able to maintain the high
regard for economic principles which
must be observed in the ordinary COM
mercial struggle
Out of the eXigencies of war a stu
alton has been created which renders
the reestablishment of true COM
petitive basis for trade and industry
extraordinarily difficult. Superficially
pronounced prosperity has been expert
enced. Wages have been high and
money plentiful. But these conditions
are in large measure the outcome of
the conversion of considerable
amount Of accumulated capital into
current production. Activity has been
abnormal and without any relation to
the natural requirements of the COM
munity. 1t has necessitated the Gre
alton of much money, which was with
out the support OF creative assets, and
the existence of which, by destroying
the balance between the power and the
opportunity to spend, has caused prices,
both of labor and commodities, to ad-
vance at rand rota
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
May Get Nitrates
From. the dir

The placing in operation recently of
the new nitrate property of the du
Pont company in Tarapaca, Chile,
brought the annual production of nj
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

There is no prospect of an early re-
turn to the old order. Probably values
have been placed definitely on higher
level. In all likelihood, too, labor is
entitled to remuneration which, cut
ting out the exceptional circumstances
brought about by the events of the last
four or FIVE years, is an Improvement
on that formerly ruling. 1t is practi-
cally admitted by all but the few that
the past division was too unequal, and
that labor was justified in calling for
an opportunity to improve it's social
status. The movement TO achieve it
was already gathering full force when
the outbreak of war caused the differ
ences between capital and labor to be
set on one side, but the clash was mere
ly postponed, and the war eventually
created ar economic situation which
quickened the demands of the working
clements. But before any sound and
durable decision can be reached on the
questions at issue between employers
and employed certain basic facts must
be recognized and admitted.
In future it will not be the state
which will be directly or indirectly the
great employer of labor, End employ
mcnt wAl not be available regardless
OF the natural conditions which must
in ordinary times regulate it. The
time should not be distant when the
government absorption Of the products
OF labor will have fallen to . vary low
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
The Wage Question--and the
Future of British Trade
Observer Finds No Signs of an Early Return to the
Old Order in lndustry-Values Seem Def
nitely Placed I'll CHER Level

level relatively, and prosperity will
depend in considerable degree upon
competitive powers in foreign markets
The normal international exchange viii
have commenced afresh, and the coun-
try which has the lowest cost of pro
duction and transport, other things be-
ing equal, will become the dominant
force in world trade
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

Yanced art.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16

thus far tried
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-16
Labor Movement
Gathers Force

vance at a rapid rate
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1919-05-04

waa going to. but four walls that
would seem like lail. four uu
friendly walls, for which paid go
much every wCCk glIpoi aH /
thought of them And knew they
rouidn hold ue IN, any moro than
u match -hoN could hold weasel SO
instead OF going 90 them ! com
mandcd my driver TO drn, me al =
broadway hoie. wA"rc the Ns'n."
machinery of comfort at least con
soles the nerves au lhc druur uf IL
motor somet.mcH does once inside
hat hotel however [ wen. straight
TO the switchboard operator ana pat
In a cnil FOR Mi Nuukfrcd
Ealand"
The operator Uopp~d shor, az
the Wv nkfcrd.' ~ 50 often had
happened before she asked me.
enre. IN the uuulo HhouIdn.t hr
'Nulfrcd DO And / had TO explain
that 1t was "NInkfrcd,' man =
name. lor wanted above all
things 10 talk 90 my Nluklc. !
wanted Tho comfort ur hla voice AND
some word Of help from him Ana
oh. W.nhic II only you had been
hero TO- helm" w" -'rHghtuu ihiutn
out, n IA only stumbled b,rns- mo
thinucst ghost OF a hupo that 10 an
mRtfcrcd to YOU In any way hoW
different everything might have
turned Out
But there was no way. the tired
eyed operator told mo. after trying
number arttcr number, ~ Cotttug IN
touch Win Mr Wiukfrcd Eatnd
And once more an the world felt
Ike lonely 10y mornlue that
slopcd down 10 even lonilcr pror
pieces yawnlng up uut of black
depths OF noth.ngucaa
clear thinking was beyond me.
II was one of the few Times IN my
NO when | wanted somebody ol-o
10 do my thinking FOR me. Bu,
could think OF no one 20 go to-uo
one, at least, but Tooscy Atirll The
thought Of that rouEh-tonguo and
pert-eycd young stool pigeon sud
denly flashed out Of tho darkness