Arizona republican., 1919-09-05
AT COLUMBUS
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{CoRtinued from Page Qnel body i1t9rferes with the elections. We will have an absolutely free vote and High Silesia shall go either to Ger many or to Poland as the people in High Silesia prefer. And that illustrates many other cases where we provided for a refer enduml or a plebiscite, as they choose to call it, and are going to leave it to the people themselves, as we should have done, what government they shall live under.
 Sought to Realize Ideals
 You don't have to have me explain national ambitions to you; national aspirations. You have been brought up on them; you learned of them since you were children and it is those na- tional Aspirations which we sought to realize. to give an outlet to, in this great treaty. But! we do mere than that. This treaty contains, among other things. a Magnai Charta of labor-a thing un heard Of until this interesting year of grace.
 T haar very little said about this Magnai Charta of labor which is en- bodied in this. It forecasts the day which ought to have come long ago, when statesmen will realize that no nation . is fortunate which IS not happy, and that no nation can be happy whose people are not contented, contented in their industry, contented in their lives and fortunate in the circumstances of their lives.
 If | were to state what seems to me to .be the central idea of this treaty. it would be this: ''It is almost a discovery in international conven- finnc thai nations do not consist of their government. but con sist of their peoples
 That is a rudimentary idea: it seems to us to go without saying to us in America, but. my fellow citizens it was never the leading idea in any other International congress that ever heard of: that is to say, any in ternationaI congress made up of the representatives of government.
 They were always thinking of ma tional polity. of national advantages, of the rivalries of trade, of the ad Vantages of territorial conquest.
 There is nothing of that in this treaty
 You will notice that even the ter ritories which are taken away from Germany, like her colonies, are not given to anybody. There is not d single act of annexation in this treaty.
 Trustees Established
 But territories inhabited by people not yet able to govern themselves either because of economic or other circumstances or the stage of their development, are put under the care of powers who are to accept as trus- tees, trustees responsible in the forum of the world, at the bar of the league of nations and the terms upon which they are to exercise their trusteeship are outlined. They are not to use those people by way of profit and to fight their wars for them-they are not to permit any form of slavery among them or of enforced labor They are to see to it that there are humane conditions of labor with regard not only to the women and children. but the men, too. They are to estab- fish no Qualifications; they are to regulate the liquor and the opium traf- fife; they are to see to it, in other words, that the lives of the people whose care they assume-not sover- eighty over whom they assume, but whose care they assume-are kept clean and safe and holy.
 There again the principles of the treaty come out, that the object of the arrangement is the welfare of the - vantages of the government
 Tt goes beyond that and it seeks tt gather under the common supervision of the League of Nations, the variou: instrunaen<alities by which the world las been trying to check the evil. that wefe in some places debasins men, like the opium traffic, life tn, tiaffic-sfor it was traffic-in men women and children; like the traffic II ether dangerous drugs like traffic il arms among uncivilized people wh, could use arms only for their detri- ment: for sanitation for the work 0 the Red Cross. Why those clauses by fellow citizens, draw the hearts o he world into league; draw the nobl, impulses of the world together ana make q poem of them.
 T used to be told that this was ai age in which the mind was monarch ard my comment was that if that wer true was one of these modern mon archs that reigns and does not gov ern; but as q matter of fact we wer, governed by 2 great representative as semblys made up of the human pas sions; and that the best we could man age was that the high and fine pas sIcns should be in a majority, so tha they could control the face of passion so that they could check the thing that were wrong. and this treaty seek something like that
 Mirrors Fine Passions
 Tn drawing the humane endeavor togethef. it makes mirror of the fin passions of the world, of it's philan thropic passions, and of it's passion o pity, of this passion of human sym pathy, ! of this passion of humal friendliness and helpfulness. for ther is such a passion. It is the passiol that has lifted us along the slow roa, of civilization; it is the passion tha has made ordered government possi ble: it is the passion that has mad jrstice. and established the thing il some happy part of the world
 That is the treaty. Did you eve hear of it before Did you ever knoy ftfore what was in this treaty? Di' anybody before ever tell you what tn treaty was intended to do?
 T beg, my fellow citizens, that vol and the rest of those Americans wit whom we are happy to be associate s,ll over this broad land, will read tn treaty themsslves-or if they wont talk time to do that-for it is a technica document that is hard to read-tha they will accept the interpretation o those who made it and know what tn Intentions were in the making of it.
 T hear a great deal, my fellow citi zens about the seifishness and tn selfish ambitions of other government. lut ] would not be doing justice t the gifted men with whom was as sociated on th-, other side of the watel Ii I did not testify that the purpose that I have outlined, were their pur