davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04
Senate Commerce Committee
Chairman Says War Ship
building Program When Com
pleted Will Make America
Equal England.
PERMANENT FEDERAL
POLICY IS ADVOCATED
Merchant Fleet Will Represent
Approximately Eighteen Mil
lion Tons of Which. Large
Part Will Be Government
Owned.

Washington, No. 3.-Predictions that
ships flying the American flag will
almost equal the tonnage of Great
Britain by the end of 1920 were made
in the senate today by Senator Jones,
Republican. of washington, chairman
of the senate commerce committee in
his bills proposing alterna-
tive plans for permanent federal
shipping policy. Both bills were re-
ferred to the commerce committee for
future consideration.
With prospective completion of the
war shipbuilding pro-
gram by December 81, 1920, Senator
Jones said, the United States, includ-
ing coastwise vessels, will have mer-
chant fleet OF about 100000 tons
near that of Great Britain, and he
added, the two nations will control
about two-thirds of the worlds ton
mage.
I'VE do not desire and it is not our
purpose to drive other nations off the
sea- said Senator Jones. "but we do
want to do and we ought to do at
least our proportionate part of our
own and the worlds carrying trade. so
that our commerce shall have a fair
chance in the worlds markets and
that we may hereafter he fully pre-
pared for the emergency :
Regarding the governments future
shipping policy, Senator Jones said
about eight million OF the twelve mil
lion tons under the American flag In
foreign trade will be government
owned. 1--WE may differ about govern
ment ownership" he said, but that
can be no issue. The government owns
these ships, whether we will or no.
We must not allow private parties to
take the cream of this shipping and
let the government hold the balance
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04
Pensacola Delegation Will Fight
to Finish to Have This City
Designated at Once as Gen.
tennial Site.
NO CHANGE MADE
IN MEETING PLACE
Representations to Chairman
Br0rein We're Not Sufficient
to Have Meeting Transferred
to Tallahassee.

Pensacola boosters will leave on the
evening train tonight to carry the bat
tie for centennial honors into jack
sonville territory for the fourth time.
And the boosters from this city are
determined that when they return
from this trip they will have the CEN
tennial. A fight to the finish is
planned and every possible effort will
be made to have a definite decision
rendered at tomorrows meeting. The
state commission will be urged to
name a site. Pensacola preferably, and
failing in that to declare themselves
unable to reach a decision and dis
band.
Definite figures as to the size OF
able last night, but at least one Pull
man car will be required to carry the
local delegates and it is believed thar
West Florida counties will add at least
a dozen more to the party. The pill
-grimage is the all-important topic ot
discussion among centennial workers
today. and an effort will be made tc
swell the number of crusaders to fifty
this morning
Col. John S. Beard left last night
for the east coast metropolis. Hon
r. Pope Reese and DR.. Frank G. Rem
shaw will accompany the party, and il
is possible they will be given a chance
to appear before the commission again
Briefs have been prepared setting fortl,
Pensacola's claims in logical order and
emphatic form. These briefs were pre-
pared by a committee of which Ben
Hancock was chairman and the MEM
bers were r. Pope Reese, A. T. Bark
dull, Al c. Binkley, Leslie Partridge
Punch Newman, P. D. Tebault, s. H
Burke, j. Hobart Cross and Lucky
Baldwin.
Although Hon. John B. Jones. West
Florida member of the state commits
sion, wrote to Chairman Broerin that
Pensacola would be better satisfied
were the meeting to be held in Tai
lahassee. no change has been made Ia
the meeting place.
President Louis deM. Blocker of
the chamber of commerce. has written
the following letter, endorsing the CEN
tennial movement:
Chamber of Commerce,
Pensacola, Fla.
November 3. 1919.
To the Commissioners of the Centen-
NAL, Jacksonville, Fla.
Gentlemen: The Chamber of Com
merce. of Pensacola, Fla, heartily en-
dorses the efforts being made to get
the centennial and will use every pur-
pose to have you decide in favor of
Pensacola, as it is the only logical
point for the exposition. We shall do
what we can financially and other
wise to have it.
Thanking you in advance and ex-
tending all the good wishes of this
body, l remain,
Most sincerely yours,
THE PENSACOLA CHAMBER OF
COMMERCE.
LOUIS deM. BLOCKER,
President.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04
LABOR DELEGATES
ALL GET SEATS
Decision Reached by Labor
Conference After COnsid-
ering Protests.

Washington. Nov. 3.-Admission to
the International Labor Conference of
labor delegates from Japan. France,
and South Africa against whom pro-
tests were presented was decided upon
today by the credentials committee
of the conference The question of
seating the Argentine labor delegate
also protested, has been deferred un-
til the delegates arrival
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04
SENATE GAINS NO
HEADWAY ON PACT
Leaders Try Vainly to Fix Date
For Ratification
Roll Call.

Washington, Nov. 3.-Further indi-
cations that the peace treaty fight
may lead to continuing the deadlock
developed today while the senate lead
ers We're trying vainly to fix date for
the roll call on ratification. Hours Of
debate got no where, and the senate
went back to debate on the amend
ments.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

CONTINUED on Page Two)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

(continued on Page Two)
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04
Read the Real Estate Advts.

in today's Journal. To sell or rent
Real Estate. advertise in The Jour-
nal. The Journal has been the lead
ing Real Estate medium in West
Florida for over 90 years.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

New York. Nov s.-New York
packers today refused wage increases
to several thousand striking employees.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

Chicago, Nov. 3.-What the police
declared was a deliberate attempt TO
wreck 2 special train carrying a hun
dred steel workers to Gary, Indiana.
WIS frustrated tonight after the con-
ductor of another train is reported
TO have seen two young men piling
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

Billings, Montana, Nov 3.-Schools
here Will not open tomorrow, it was
announced today. because of the coal
famine due to the strike.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-11-04

Lincoln. Neb.. Nov. s.-Reports re-
ceived here indicate a shortage OF
fuel in several Nebraska towns and
that schools may close as a result
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
Ensland's "hsaa pss4."

The name mad Poet" was applied
to Nathaniel Lee, an English dram
,atist who was born In HATFIELD In
1858. He was the son Of Presbyts-
itian minister Of Hertfordshire who
eenformed to ths Reformation. He
was educated at Westminster school
Ind Trinity college, Cambridge. For
time he was On the stage, but later
devoted himself . writing tragedies.
Of which he produced about = dozen.
His nrst successful play was the Fri
val Queens" t16e1). Known Afterwards
% Alexander the Great" in which &C.
ours the famous line, "When Greek
Joined Greek then was the tug of war"
He elaborated With Dryden in The
Duke Of Guiss." <leo2). Lee became
insane In 1854. and was confined in
the asylum for I'VE years, hence he
was styled The Mad Post" He died
In . at Of intoncation at London in
1892. .'
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
SYMPTOM Of SEVERAL ILLS.
limhssnssk 10 Due T. AbsespeisN ~
Psasens From Intsstinss casN =
lnO Paralysis.
Qrsparel ~ ths UnitsA States Dsoa1t-
Moot Of Ag1toultvre)

Qrsparsl ~ ths Unitsd States Dsoa1t-
neat Of Agsioulturs.)
Ths coalition known ~ limbe1neck
- In reality not . disease. but Ii q
symptom Of several diseases which ars
Characterised BY q paralysis Of the
muscles Of the neck, which makes II
impossible for the bird to raise IT.
head from the .groand. This icondi-
ton u due to the Absorption OF pots
ons from the intestines, which act
upon tho nervous system and cause
paralysis. II 10 genFally associated
with indigestion or The eating Of mo,dy
grain or putrid meat or With intssta.
nal worms.
The best treatment 10 to Eivo Q faaa
desc Of purgative medieine-that Il,
80 OF 90 grains Of EPSON salt or three
or four teaspoonfuls Of castor Oh Or .
grown fowl Often the birds .wfl b
cured within "A hours. In case thAy
are not better within three or four
days It 10 not advisable to kssp them.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
pr..s rh.. SEED. srssshs.

prssf That essds Drsaths.
II 10 easy to demonstrate that gef1ni-
mating seeds take in oxygen and give
out carbon. dioxide. according to the
following experiment described In the
Scientific American: s"s1 81
4 score er - Of peas are plaes1 IN
ciose-htting Jar with 4 small amount
81 moisture. After . while .ths. pees
start to germinate, but soon they esaSs
ah Development. because the ozyDea in
the jar 10 exhausted. A single pa lr
jar u the same sire, howeySf. wm
deveioS an1 grow up into littlt paa1t.
There y, evidently oxygen enough :fss
the needs Of the single specimen. -
10 prove eonclusivsly that there 10
No szyeea left In. the jar In which the
number Of seeds serminated II 10 only
needfIl to plunge IN burning match.
1hs iiStantls gees cut. The presence
Of earhsa ssdioxids In this Jar H. clearly
shown ~ pouring into It lime water.
and them shakins. The lime water
becSmesy milky In appearance. This
would not happen in q. jar in which
there had bees no terminating seeds.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
DRaFTg oF~eARE POTENCY
, oSt .Treyslsr .vbe tnduissa In: kavs.
Tells us Nethlne About the
':sH'F aslaorn,na AftSr.s. -.Ej,@-.';;

4
~, ''1sniks." hs seid to me. ...yeu tno.
empty stomach. After eating. kava
VIII ma&e: yeu sick, II you do not eat
- soon a. you. have drunk II, you viii
not enjoy Il Take 1t now. and then
~ aiielriy.~ ,iv.
= He dipped ., shell in the tanos. tossed
. few drops over his shoulder to proDt
tixtsl tfIs god Of the kava hsre drinh.
ing and placed the shell in my hands
Ugh! The liquor tasted like earth and
water. sweetish for 4 moment and then
acfd and .pungent.' It was hard to sst
dswn. but all the men took theirs At
gulp, and when XVI gave me an
other sheiifuf patterned BY them. A
ringing. eame. In my ears ~ when
one pqte ssasheil to them and bears
the dro4s9 narmur Of the tides. KiN
laukksAa ard vaguely I heard his
auery;I5 49, &
), .veavsse II. II hotY'
~. m&1Aaahana. I nm very warm
I stru1S1oa to reply. NJ voice eenaA'
ID ~. that Of smother. I LEANED
hardaE lSpinst ~ wall and closed ny
eyes. ,ssi '''' '' i
a paees passing the understanding
Of tfe kava-isnorant was upos me.
tife was'A 'A siumbefing calm; not dull
bat separated activity. ~ Il
the spirit roamed In q garden Of beas.
II. and the body. and suffering. all fsel-
ing past resigned Itself to quietuds
I heard family the chants Of the men,
- they began improving the aftet.
feastfng Entertainment. was per.
fectly CONSCIOUS Of being lifted By sev.
eral women to within the house.
and Of bsing laid upon mats that were
- soft to the body As the waters u
quiet sea. It was as If angels bore
me on Z cloud. All toll, all; effort
was over; should never return to
care Or duty.
was then q, giant, prone in an end
less ease. who stretched from the wa-
terfal 1t the topmost point Of the
valley 10 the shore Of the sea. and
above me ran In many. futile excite.
ments the natives Of Atuona, small
creatures whose concerns were naught
toene--NKchange.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08

msat Of Asrieulturs.)
NltA H. hiegsst crop a wheat -
record abo0t to b harvested, Il b
nrooaeas that II many neighboehseds
thrashsrs; WIN not ~ able b. mako
their rounds IN the usual ttme. Oee-
siderable quantities Of wheat Wfll have
70 waitsbsyoud ths usual thsasAaag
time. ~ lst In TIE shock. II wtll -
damaged by every rain. even to Some
sxtsnt By tAs dew. The stacking q
wheat AaA fallen into disnse IN ta14sR
yeaN but Il would b we'll. the T.
partment of agriculture says, for d
farmer WHO 10 not certain Of peo0D1
to consider II this ysaF.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
BULL ASSOCIATION .
o1vRs GOOD RRgULTs

Some people question the value OF
cooperative bull associations, but
let us take concrete case when ro-
suits have been secured. Va
At Roland, Iowa, such An assosis-'
ton wss formed. Before it was
formed the farmers used . bull with
an average value Of 4S9.44 and the
cost Per year to each farmer was
$29.S1. After the association wss
formed the farmers used bull with
an average value Of $4,000 aad the
cost Per year to each fsz.Ass was
$3.50. In other words by organizing
q cooperative bull association the
farmers used better bulls at . lower
cost. This means better eows, In
creased production and greater profit.
R. W. Clark, Colorado Agricultural
College, Fort Collins, Colorado. (,
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
roR GOOD Y1U1T sTo1Aas

The first requisite Of storags
place for fruit 10 absolute cleanliness.
This can mot be assured by soap ana
water alone. Sunshine, fresh cir, asl
whitswssh are important aids. Ehs.
shelves should be washed clsaA sad
then dried, but undue use Of water
should be avoided a. moisture II oab
Of the chief requisites Of mold growth.
A cellar may be kept dry by placing
in it dishes of unslaked line, which
rapidly takes up the moisture. Whea
tho lime crumbles apart, losing entire
ly its crystslline character, 1t has be-
come "slaked" and will take up NO
more water unless it il renewed.
Growth Of most molds is retarded by
light, ventilation, and low tempera-
ture. A fruit cellar which will sue.
cessfully keep fruit must possess all
three conditions.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
Platinum Wonderful Metal.

eIeUnom WOnoosr0l WSS4l.
The American Museum Of Natural
History has Issued q bulletin giving
many Interesting facts relating to
platinum. one Of the most striking Of
which relates to its ductility. The
marvellous ductility Of platinun may
be conceived when We consider that
out Of sinsls troy ounce Of the metal
It would be possible to make an al
most infinitely slender wire that would
reach from Santiago. Chile. across the
continent to Rio Janeiro. q distance Of
about 1900 miles. To draw out plat
inum into % exceedingly Ane wire It
10 covered with q thin layer Of gold.
This wire 10 drawn to the thinnsss Of
the former one. and the gold 10 dis
solved. A small section Of this sec-
ond wire 10 then given a coating Of
gold, rsdrawn and the gold covering
dissolved. After this process has been
repeated several times the wire finally
b SIN intact, but virtually invfabas.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
MAN MERELY POOR SECOND
o~dftiy - Aviaters Travel rhrsvoA
The All, the swallow Easily
outflss Them.

Doubtless the swiftest passage over
q long distance ever made by man was
that Of the daring aviators who Few
from Newfoundland to Ireland They
travsrsed Q space s1 1.002 miles In
e72 minutes. That was at the rate Of
nearly two miles q minute. To be pre-
else, Il was q mile In 0O.1o seconds.
For q much less distance Q slightly
higher speed was made BY IN army
sirplans between Boston and New
York. The distance Of 17b miles was
made In . minutes. That was Q nldls
In 2S.4b seconds, or more than 1e6
feet second.
That 10 rapid .traveling. Il - not,
however the swiftiest aerial flight
known. A swallow could literally Ay
round and round one Of those air
planes when the, latter was at top
speed. Carefully conducted tests BY q
French scientist have demonstrated
that the speed sf q swallow In full
flight sometimes gees a. high ~ go
feet Q second. or at the rate Of . mile
In 10 seconds, while the ordinary flight
of q swallow Is 30 feet . second or
considerably faster than the airplans
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
Mans Christian Ap1ers,~.

Hans Christian Andersen. styled H.
eAildren's poet, was 4 celebrated Dan.
ish writer, bern at Odsnbe In 1905 aAd
died at Copenhagen after q bsisf ~
nsss, August 4, 1875. HIS hast ysefQ
were Embarrassed By criticism and %.
tended hy all the honor ana love that
should accompany senius' combined
with old age. As the child Of poss.
shiftless parsnts, he had little instrae
ton and few associates, but his dsa.
npatie Instinct was developed By Fen.
tains and the Arabian Nights, and the
Visit af.a theatrical company to his
native city led him TO seek his ara
matte, fortune In Copenhagen, whsrs
for four years he worked diligently
but produced nothing Of note. In 1855
he essaysd tAs ''Fairy Taies," BY which
he was 10 receive world wide rscoGui-
tion. The classic; "Tipderbox" ana "nis
Claus and Little Claus" arc also q
this year. A short tisss afterwards
'Only q Fiddler" gave Nm European
reputation. y
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
Took THE SCENE LITERALLY
oyt Not Many MsvIe Spectators Az
as unsophistieatsd as Was
''+'' Uncle Ted Preuty.

A prominent movie director, said
at q luncheon in Los Angeles:
Movie audiences are very sophisti-
eatsd nowadays. They insist on ae-
curacy. II you are inaccurate in the
smallest detail they write you hun
Areds Of jeerihg letters. It wasn't -
In the past. .'--
The movie audiences Of the past
were as naive as Uncle Ted Prouty.
Uncle Ted came to town one evening
and went to the theater with his
wife. In the first act q woman was
shot, and when the curtain went down
Q good many men left their seats and
went OFT H., rae
"Unc6 Ted ndseted a while and
then he took his hat and started out
In his turn.
"'where be you goin'r his wifs
asked.
Vi "Look here, Hannah said Uncle
Ted. I've stood this thing Jest a.
lons%asI can. and now I'm soin' out
like stase. rest to see how that pore
woman h gettin' along that was shst.
The nnfort'nit wretch may Be deal
BY this time. and II she IL this aia'l
% placs for us.'"
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
aAMIEAAIuK No1H

Mrs.. F. n. stobsagh Of Silt gave
birth to . baby girl at the sisdtari,m
lAst Friday night ss ri 49, 10
Mrs. Ernest Winn Of Grand valioy
underwent an operation for append.ciss
tis Tuesday.
Jane and Jack Simpson, who were
each operated for appendicitis hss
week have returned to their home on
Garfield creek. -
Miss Ethel Clarke was able to re-
turn to her home the first of the week.
Miss Violet Nestell had her tonsils
removed Sunday.
Mrs. Roy g. LAmbright was operated
for appendicitis Tuesday.
Miss Leona Hathaway had her ton
sils removed at the sanitariun Wed.
nesday. tf'f'' -
-''' - "--'t. -.-
.1pha H. Dora Of R;fl. underwent an
operation for appendicitis Thursday.
oanon Baker Of Eagle was opersted
on at the sanitarium Thursday.
[ ii ~
Hugh Weatherly Of this city had his
toasils removed Thursday.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
CHEESE ENTITLED TO FAME
rravs.sr Asssrss psssues u HsssIssiA
FraNss. Has Any Like Gdtbse a;Ei
Beaten . Sleek.

IN p,reAapc. ,,isA ws s'ih had fired e. int ess
- tine northeastern proy1nceas
France ws were rsasonabty certain
the meal would be rounded ont with
helpinss sf . certain kiRS Of cheese
that 70 indigenous to those .pestss Il
comes ia lat cake. whfti 7asarlahly
% al caved In and squashed sut. -
though the owner he'd at 'upoo u WAl3e
bringing II Into the Izafkst n his tWte
wheeled cart.
Likewise. whea tts temperature oees
up Il becomes nors Of a-iiqufe <kaa
. ssaid; sad It AAs ~ aroma BY vir-
tue o6 which It secures the attentlon
end commands the respect Of the most
casual passerby. It 10 more than Jase
ehssss. should call II mother =
cheese. II = - stAef and laasSg
ehsssss a. civet cats are to canary
birds-lf you get what mean; and In
its company the most boisterous Erie
" the most vocffefous Camembert 700
sves saw bscomes at once deaf aAA
dumb. 49,
tn favor 10 wonderful. Mainly II u
tsund u ancient Nosmandy; and
among strangers eating :tt-oe, Whsa
tits In an especially fluid state. drink
ing it-comes under the head sf ert
door sports. But the natives take II
right into the same house with them
sslvss.-Irvin 8. Cobb. in SATURDAY
EvsninfsPosts -
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
BURNpyo AUTUMN L2AV2D Ky
vm1iAss AID x1UUYv1

Do not barn the shade tree leaves.
Your nsighbors may not sAjey ssiAs
smudesd, and then leaves are . vatul
sble, natural fsrtiliser. 6pads or
pillow them into the garden II you o.
ject to leaving them on the lawn, Or
use them - . winter mulch IN the
shrubbery border or eompost then IN
. corner Of The back yard for future
USE B. o. Longyear, Colorado Asri-
cultural College, Fort Collins, Colo
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
BsautIfuI Marin. oreanlsnc.

A beautiful marine organism which
floats IN tropical seas IL not single
ereatures hut colony Of many indi-
viduals, connected with each other like
rsiamese twins, and Of several dl4er-
ent kinds. The largest and most bril-.
liantiy colored Is inflated with gas and
floats On the water surface. AN the
other members Of the colony hang from
Its under side. Some are small and
trumpet-shaped and do the feeding for
the entire community. Others are ln-
gsriike and are "feelers." Still others
resemble punches Of grapes. These
ara egg layers. Another kind are like
long streamers and extend down into
the water to act As sdrag anchors" !"
They are also armed with "sting cells'
to slay young fishes, which they after.
ward draw M to the hungry mouths
above.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
saEAI LAW ,NQsT sE osEYED
MAakINd Helpless Dsfses The IRE
- ~ sIstIsIs' March u prs6rsss
va: kseMa u 8veiutlsns no :, ..

d 1Hs. old iSailfns spac1st .cfxfwaisl
alDngl tatking and THINNING. ttAat ~
yards of unfnrled canvas might catch
the freshenipg Winds. The skipper.
his leathern face scanned with the
heavy lipes put there ,by years of bud.
fating struggle With wind and wave,
watched the great enstne-dfiven liner
race past him. ! :'sG '9'''5 g.s,..s
A dark battsDess svelled up IN the
old sailing skippers heart. For that
engine driven liner represented % re-
-ientless rprogress that would NOT be
stayed or denied. II had driven most
Of his kind from the face Of the va.
tsrs; II had naade raryoes for tbs few
Of his kind remaining dimcult - OBJ
tain and obteiuable only at rates that
meant at best only q pittanSs. z :'A
On the bsidss Of the; steam-ddveh
Ane. the esptais, .as ,ha gazed et the
crawling old sailing packet, caught
the hum fUf q ,niyhty motor overhead.
HIS tiaAes tnRoed freo the miserable
~ packat - the swiftly approac ching
outlines Of giant Aircraft. It came
from behind andF 4 passed the racing
liner even a. the liner had passed the
packet. And in the heart Of the liners
captain welled dafk bitterness. For
he understood The workings OF the
Great Law wers, written clearly in the
cir and sea before him. Even as the
day Of the skipper Of the sailing packet
had ended 10 his own day was nearing
it, end. "A psogreas that would not
BE- stayed or denied was overtaking
him and his kind.
There 10 q sadness like unto NO
other far they who watch and give
way before the changing eras. for they
represent Mfe's helpless discard.
The Glenwood post., 1919-11-08
sxdft.Msx.ra cn.stsr,s.

Lesping on, skis 10 doubtless the
swiftest method Of locomotipn yet
practiccd by maA But even that 10
allow when eom0afsd With the speed
Of some other creatures. 1t surpassss
the hare and the deer. and far out
distances the comparatively slow kan
garoo. But there u q jumping mouse
In the African deserts which u cred
IDLY said to make eighty leaps q SEC
ond, Of 10 feet each. That means 800
feet . sseond, which 10 more than four
times the speed ef the airplane and
three times that of swallow. Nor II
even this amazing creature the swiftsst
known, for The common nea has. In
his lsaplng . veloclty Of $50 fest q
second, which svproxinates ten miles
Q minute.