The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1919-09-04


Nations is TO keep the world in a
state OF peace Another way OF eX-
pressing il is 10 say that the league
is designed TO prevent wars.
We have just finished the greatest,
which l. TO say the most horrible, of
all conflicts between nations. We
have won glorious victory. But that
victory will be wasted unless this war
has made the nations ready TO
put aside their differences and CO.
operate TO end war forever.
II Is not enough, however, to pro-
vide for the prevention of wars and
the settlement Of disputes after they
have arisen. We must foresee causes
of trouble and remove them before
they have reached an acute stage.
Hence there must be provision for fire.
quent consultations Of members of the
league for exchange of information,
for agreement on common policies and
for the gradual formation of rules of
international law which at present are
uncertain anC incomplete.
The representatives Of the great
free nations which won the war have
met at Paris and, after long consulta.
tlon, have drawn an agreement which
they believe will accomplish these
ends Al the very least Ii will set In
motion great changes which will re-
suit In universal benefit TO all man
kind. This agreement Is called the
Covenant Of the League OF Nations
and it is a part Of the peace treaty.
There will be no league worth talk
ing about however, unless the United
States is member The decision as
TO whether the United States shall
Join rests with our Senate. The Sena-
tors, chosen by the people, will In the
end vote as the people desire. For
this reason the people themselves will
decide whether or not the United
States will join the league. In this
question every citizen should have a
voice. He or she can express opinion
either nv writing direct 10 Senators.
by letters TO HE newspapers, by
speeches In his lodge or local union or
IN conversation with friends.
Methods Of Maintaining Peace.
Since the prime object OF the
League OF Nations is TO preserve peace
and to reap the benefits of peace
let us see how the league will operate
10 accomplish that purpose.
In the first place II will seek 10 re-
move the main causes Of war. BY the
formation Of an international court II
will create means for the peaceful
settlement of disputes between ma.
tons. Then II will seek TO compel the
nations TO make use Of this court.
This is nothing more nor less than an
application OF the rules and customs
governing private individuals IN CIVIL
ized communities 10 the relations be
tween nations.
Secondly, the League will seek 10 re.
move great temptation TO war by
the general agreement 10 reduce the
size Of armies and navies. This viii
halt the race for military and naval
supremacy which was largely respon'
sible for the war just ended. The
amount Of armament any nation may
maintain Will be strictly defined.
Thus 1t win be impossible for one
country TO overwhelm It's neighbor by
unexpected attack. In the way that
Germany crushed Belgium and would
have crushed France had not the other
democratic nations gone TO her aid. The
idea is that each country may Keep
an army and navy large enough to en-
able II TO fulfn its responsibilities as
member OF the League, but no larger
The United States, FOR example, prob
ably would be expected 10 keep
check on Mexico and the state Of con
slant turmoil in that country would be
taken into consideration IN deciding
how large an army We should need.
The third important safeguard
which the League will set up is a sys-
TEN OF penalties This will make an
outlaw Of any nation or group q ma
lions which goes 10 var 10 violation
Of The rules Of the League. The out