New-York tribune., 1919-09-01

treaty with which it has been mechan-
ically but not integrally, interviewer.
for the reason that 1t is a mechanical
Interviewing only. The two have diff
ferent aims and different intents and
they. deal with subjects not interre.
lated in their essence. The peace con-
terence, now in session, has full power
to substitute the machinery Of commit
tees for that of the covenant. Any
claim that the treaty and the covenant
arc intcrdependcnt in an integral
sense would hardly be Ingenious. for
the intent to mechanically Intervene
for the purpose of preventing their
separate consideration was declared
beforehand.
Objections Given
Certain Of the serious objections
to the covenant are:
II. The covenant involves, in already
known and in as yet unrecognzed d.
rections, both definite and underlined
surrenders of sovereignty; therein it
is obnoxious to the Constitution of the
United States and thereby subversivc
of the independence of this nation.
III. Other nations should have no voice
In Interpreting the Monroe Doctrine.
nor as to the size Of our army or our
navy, nor as to what limitations this
nation may deem essential to impose
upon immigration or the importation
of goods.
I'LL. Tho proposal to commit the
country to a blind general upholding
of the regional understandings which
now exist, as we'll through open as
possibly through still secret treaties
and less formal agreements, and where
by there are created spheres Of influ-
encc in favor of various nations over
various portions of the earth now oc-
cupied by less advanced people, is an
abomination; and this whether such
undertaking on our part does or does
bargain for a Quasi-recognition of the
Monroe Doctrine in the covenant by it's
erroneous recital as regional under
standing.
Traps Are Alleged
CIV. There are deliberate traps in
several places in the phraseology in
the covenant. Examples are: The
power of the council in Article X to
advise upon not whether steps shall
be taken but the means to be employed
right to deal with matters, provided
for in another article-each phrase
imports the power to act while avoid
ing the explicit recital Of the power.
"V. Concerning reservations it is
called to your attention that attempted
reservations in connection with partial
surrenders of sovereignty have been
heretofore declared void and of no ef-
feet by the Supreme Court of the
fectivc except as they may be deemed
to morally justify a subsequent re-
fusal in given case to. comply with
requirements. Meanwhile any such
refusals on our part which might oc-
cur would be fruitful sources Of grave
international complications if we have
accepted the covenant as whole
"VI. The evil results to us which
will follow our adoption of the ccv-
cnant are becoming APPARENT. Not only
must we, if we adopt the covenant, at
our peril guarantee Thrace to Bulgaria
(our late cnemy) or to Greece (our late
iricndD and if necessary engage in war
to maintain our award, hut also at our
peril, Fiume to the Croats (our late
encmies) or to Italy (our late friend)
and II necessary make war to sustain
our decision.
Called stalking Horse"
"VlI. Numerous racial and social
wars are already being waged in Eu-
rope. In any one of them we may be
called upon to intervene. Rebcllions
have been fomcnted in several coun-
tries under the stimulus Of the social
istic doctrines which have been given
prominence and for which the covenant
IS a stalking horse.
"Vil!. The foundation of several
hundred wars within the next century
or two hus been securely laid by the
nominal adoption, the partial applca-
ton of, and the partial refusal to ap-
ply the impossible doctrines of the
self determination of races, which is
contrary to our fundamental doctrines
as 4, nation.
"IX. Racial animosities have been
kindled and intensified from which new
racial difficulties are arising almost
daily, social, racial and civil wars will
continue to spring up on every hand.
The keynote Of the doctrine which has
been so widely advocated and so per-
sistently urged, and to the conditions
created by which the covenant if
adopted will apply, is an open and
complete reversal of the major prin-
ciple upon which America has been
founded. To adopt the covenant and
to simultaneously advocate race con-