The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-15

VINO Dy reason OF their resources,
their experience or their geograph-
ical position can best undertake this
responsibility, and that this tutelage
should be exercised by them as man.
datories on behalf OF the league.
The character of the mandate
must differ according to the stage
of the development of the people, the
geographical situation of the terri
tory. its economic conditions and
other similar circumstances.
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish Empire have
reached the stage of development
where their existence as Independent
nations can be Professionally recog-
nized subject to the rendering Of
administrative advice and assistance
by a mandatory Power until such
time as they are able to stand alone.
The wishes Of these communities
must be a principal considera ton in
the selection OF the mandatory
Power.
Other peoples, especially those of
central Africa, are at such a stage
that the mandatory must be respon-
territory subject to conditions which
will guarantee freedom of conscience
or religion, subject only to the
maintenance of public order and
morals. the prohibition Of abuses
such as the slave trade, the arms
traffic and the liquor traffic, and the
prevention of the establishment Of
fortificauons or military and naval
bases and of military training OF the
natives for other than police pur-
poses and the defence of territory.
and Will also secure equal opportuni-
ties for the trade and commerce of
other members Of the league.
There are territories such as
southwest Africa and certain of the
South Pacific isles which. owing to
the sparseness Of their populations
or their small size or their remote
ness from the centres of civilization
or their geographical contiguity to
the mandatory State, and other cir
cumstances, can be best admins
tered under the laws OF the manda-
tory State as integral portions
thereof, subject to the safeguards
| above mentioned in the interests Of
the indigenous population
In every case OF mandate the
mandatory State shall render to the
| league an annual report In reference
| TO the territory committed to its
charge.
The degree Of authority. control
or administration to he exercised by
the mandatory State shall, II not
previously agreed upon by the high
! contracting parties in each case, be
! explicitly defined by the executive
council in special act or charter.
The high contracting parties fur
ther agree to establish at the seat
or the league a mandatory commits
sion to receive and examine the
annual reports of the mandatory
powers, and to assist the league in
insuring the observance OF the terms
Of all mandates.
ARTICLE Xxx.
The high contracting parties will
endeavor to secure and maintain
fair and humane conditions of labor
for men,, women and children both
! In their own countries and in all
| countries to which their commercial
, and Industrial relations extend. and
| TO that end agree TO establish as
| part of the organization OF the
| league a permanent bureau OF labor.
ARTICLE XXI
| The high contracting parties agree
that provision shall be made through
the instrumentality of the league to
secure and maintain freedom of
transit and equitable treatment for
the commerce OF all States members
of the league, having in mind.
among other things, special ar
rangements with regard to the me-
cessities OF the regions devastated
during the war OF 1914-19ls.
ARTICLE XXH.
The high contracting parties agree
to place under the control OF the
league all international bureaus al
ready established general treaties II
the parties to such treaties consent.
Furthermore they agree that all
such international bureaus to be
constituted In future shall be placed
under control OF the league.
ARTICLE XXIE.
The high contracting parties agree
| that every treaty or International en-
gagement entered into hereafter by
any State. member of the league shall
be forthwith registered with the sec
retary-general and as soon as possible
published by him. and that no such
treaty or international engagement
shall be binding until so registered.
ARTICLE NXN.
II shall he the right OF the body OF
At 1..t-