The sun., 1919-06-29
any other nation or combination Of ma

nero TO appeal to race prejudice, but we
cannot overlook the plain facts OF life.
inc nations composing the league are
.nltty-two IN number. majority OF
races"
Senator Reed then read in a list Ii
neria, Hayti, Hedjas. Panama, Hon
drras1 Nicaragua, Guatemala, Ecuador,
Cuba, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, South AZ
RIGA, Siam, India, China and Japan.
These nations. he showed, with n total
population OF s11,425.5oo. averaged 50
per cent OF black. dark skinned or mixed
races. The fifteen white nations he
000
"Of Liberals 1000, 900 population" he
continued. only $4,000 lay any claim to
civilization. Forty miles from the coasts
canibalism Is still practised.
II In future any question should arise
involving the equality Of races, can II be
doubted these dark skinned people will
vote that they are as good Rs the white
people and back Japans claim for in
ternational recognition OF race eauality7
Every member OF the league In n
member Of the assembly, each having
one vote and only one. It will there
fore be observed that In any matter
submitted to the assembly. Liberia,
Haiti. Hedjas, In fact all OF the insig-
nificsnt and backward countries, have
each vote equal to the vote OF the
United States with its Ito, 900, 900 popu-
latton. Such a partnership shocks all
sense Of Justice, all conception OF right.
THE voting strength of the United
States In the council 10 as one to nine.
Here, again, the manifest advantages
OF other countries must be apparent.
The Intimate relations of Great Britain
and Japan cannot be overlooked. The
dependency OF Belgium. of Greece,
France and Spain on Great Britain are
known to every informed person. do not
pause to dlfferentiate between the council
and the assembly. 1t Is sufficient for the
differentiate between the council and
the assembly. 1t is sufficient for the
present to say that the powers Of the
league. to be exercised through the
assembly and council. are of the most
far reaching and drastic character.
ut is easy to conceive a situation in
which the United States might believe
herself menaced by one OF the great
nations holding membership on the coun-
Gil. She could not even under those
circumstances prepare for her defence
would be for us under such conditions
no escape except by a breach Of our
treaty.
Takes Rights From Congress.
The conditions Of the agreement just
referred to would in effect deprive Cpn-
gress of the right conferred by the Con-
stitution to raise armies and build
navies This conclusion cannot be es-
capped by the pitiable claim that II the
terms OF the league compact are VIOLA
| tive of the Constitution they are not
binding. The United States has no right
to make an agreement she cannot live
up to. We cannot afford to violate a
| treaty upon the ground that we have
violated our own Constitution. Such a
| contention would be the depth OF degra-
| dation."
Then taking up Article Y. he declared
| that the first sentence bound the United
States to send its soldiers and sailors to
every part of the world to protect every
| nation a member Of the league.
IF China shall seek to recover her do
| mains recently ravished from her by
Jaran." he said. land sanctined by the
| terms of this treaty. then We must as
sist Japan to crush China.
| ARTICLE IL provides that any war or
threat OF war Is a matter Of concern
TO the whole league, the league may
take any action that may be deemed
wise and effectual to safeguard the
peace of nations. In, plain language
| the League may 20 to war against any
nation which in the Judgment of the
| league Is offending against this article.
| Pledged to stand by League.
THE man who ran read such Ian
guage and then assert that the faith
OF the United States Is not pledged to
stand by the action of the league Is
himself capable OF trickery and fraud
| again it is provided in Article Is
that whenever any dispute shall arise
between nations which they recognize
to be suitable for submission to arbitra-
ton, including interpretations of treaties,
international laws or of facts which
| would constitute a breach OF interna-
tional obligation, that the various ma
tons will submit the whole subject to
arbitration It will be observed that
this decision might easily embrace such
question as the right of Japanese To
settle in California, that being the very
right which they contend for under their
| treaty.
Here then is set up a world govern
ment possessing these enormous powers
and many others not even referred to
We bind ourselves to obey the mandates
| Of this government What IL the char
acter Of the government thus estab-
lished2 1t Is bound by no constitution
save as the loose language OF the treaty
may be so regarded II II exceeds its
power there is no appeal save to arms
There Is no supreme court TO decide
whether It Is acting within the purview
of its authority. There Is no executive
to restrain a legislative body. There
is no legislative body to restrain execu-
tive usurpation. All these powers OF
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS executive and
jud!cial-are concentrated in two bodies
| the assembly and the council.
| perhaps II Is not too much to say
| that the complete government of the
world. In all international matters, is
placed in the hands OF nine men, eight
OF whom are foreigners to U.S. All OF
these eight men represent countries hav-
| ing interests which may at any momen,
be united against U.S. Into this spiders
web the United States Of America IL
! invited"
Then, quoting the Declaration oil
Independence proposition that free
and independent States" were created
and made effective when the British
flag was lowered at Yorktown. he re.
viewed the policies OF Isolation set forth
by Washington, Jefferson, Adams and
Monroe. and quoted President Wilson,
own history in approval of the narrow
American Interpretation Of the fathers
doctrine.
The VenexueIa Controversy.
ain discussing the Venezuelan con.
OF Mr.. Cleveland's position" Senator
! clared that the Government Of the
| the merits Of the controversy and having
! ,a1 naia