The sun., 1919-02-09

exercised In our intertlependent world,
with the aid of small aerial police. will
bring to bear upon a negligent or recalci-
trant state, instantaneous and cumula-
tive pressure of an appropriate kind. this
pressure being irresistible II backed by
sympathy of world majority. OBJ Tho
common control and operation of all
fighting airplanes. (c) The right TO
order any state to use its military and
naval armament for common interna-
tional purposes. this order being backed
by tho pressure of commerce controls, &C
'T. To determine the common will and
take and enforce common action for in
ternational purposes. there must be a
world organization which In its ire
ducible minimum must include: (a) An
International council combining legisla-
tive, executive and judicial functions and
acting by vote of a large or small major
ity-so that Il may be efficient in action.
(b) The council to be chosen for short
terms by the people with minority rep
resentation) rather than by the govern
ments-so that 1t may express the real
world will. Co All the great nations.
including Germany, to be represented
30 that 1t may be world organization
rather than q belligerent league. (d) The
representation and voting power of the
states to be according to their real
strength as determined in the first in
stance by the peace conference on the
basis of the following elements OF
strength: 1. Organization-polltlc and
economic; 2. resources, both economic
and military (actual-not potentially 3.
democratic character of governmental
control this element being given special
weight in determining representation: 4.
literscy OF the population g. size of the
population. (c) The council to have
exclusive power to make international
war. (f) The special functions and con-
trolls to be delegated to sub-commissions
Gncluding a court) whose members shall
be chosen for short terms by coopera-
ton between the international council
and the constituent states and whose i'm
portant DEGREES shall be subject to re-
view by the International council-sc
that there may be efficient, expert knowl.
edge and coordination. without danger
OF bureaucracy oppression. (g) Import
ant DEGREES OF the international council
to be subject to referendum of the states.
and the states to have the right to
initiate legislation-so that the changing
world may always be expressed. (h)
All legislation of the international
council within its powers Cor decided by
II to be within It's powers) to be para
mount law in all constituent. states.
multiplying all inconsistent legislation
80 that there may be no jurisdictional
deadlock.
az. To determine and limit the COM
mon powers and purposes and the juris-
diction and powers Of international
bodies, and TO provide for changes, there
must be a world constitution prepared by
the peRce conference.
IS. That such a world organization Is
practicable and nece ssary is indicated by
the fact that In order to accomplish
N1,atr Of -tpr thn
war, the democratic states of the world
have worked out and are daily develop
ing and extending common controls and
organizations spproximating those above
outlined. This war organization will
necessarily continue for time after
hostilities cease and will naturally be
developed and used by the peace con-
ference for reconstruction and peace
purposes, and should be by 1t developed
into a permanent world organization"
1t Is not within the scope OF this dis
cussion to consider the imminence or
remoteness of a world state, or the struc-
ure OF such state. The possibility OF
such a government. however, presents
certain questions II such a state IL
formed. will there then be any need OF
an international association for the
peaceful regulation OF international ac-
tivities. Most emphatically. yes. This
organization in such case would have
most imperative occasion for existence.
1t would function as the noulder Of pub
lie opinion which alone can bring sur
ficient pressure to bear upon Govern
ments to regulate their International re-
lations so as to maintain peace II is
up to the people OF America and 20 the
people of the world to say az to whether
their domestic and business life is to be
periodically upset IN such manner as has
occurred in the last four years, or as 70
whether through some efficient organiza =
ton they Will so agree to make mutual
concessions and sacrifices in genuine and
earnest devotion 10 peace az to make
future world wars an absolute impos-
sibility