davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Will Aid Roosevelt Memorial.

NEW YORK. September 27.-Her-
man H. Harjes Of the Paris banking
house Of Morgan, Harjes & Co. will
be the chairman OF the committee in
France in charge Of the campaign for
memorials Of the late Theodore Roose-
Welt. In making this announcement
today William Boyce Thompson. pres
ident of the Roosevelt Memorial As
sociation, stated that committees are
now being formed in allied territory
to afford the friends and admirers of
Col Roosevelt in those countries an
opportunity to participate in the
great memorial movement which will
have it's elimination on October 81.
the anniversary OF Col. Roosevelt's
birth
Evening star., 1919-09-28
NAVAL BOARD TO SELECT
OFFICERS FOR PROMOTION

A board Of high ranking naval en-
GERS win convene at the Navy Depart
ment OStoher,e 8 to select line oflcsrs
Of the Navy In the grades Of ss0-
,mander and lieutenant commander,
for permanent and Temporary promo
tion to the next higher grades and
also to select officers Of the naval
reserve In the grades OF lieutenant
commander and above, for promotion.
In tho regular Navy twenty-five ON
GERS are to be promoted a permanent
captains and nine as temporary cap
tains and hfty-one a. permanent
commanders and fourteen az tempo
rary commanders.
The board OF selection n composed
Of Admiral Henry B. Wilson. Vice
Admiral Hilary r. Jones and Rear
Admirals Herbert o. Dunn, James H.
Glennon. James H Oliver. William s.
Sims. Albert p. Nlblack. Edwin A.
Anderson and John D. McDonald, with
Commander George s. Bryan a. re-
corder.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
PLEAD FOR AMERICAN
PROTECTION OF ARMENIA
Commission Asks, That Troops Be
Sent to Check Attacks
by Turks

Pleas for American military protec-
ton Of Armenia were made before a
Senate foreign relations subcommittee
today by a commission Of Armeniars
headed by H II. Gulesian Of Boston.
They appeared in support of a resolu-
ton by Senator Williams. democrat.
Mississippi, which would authorize the
President to use troops in Armenia to
protect the inhabitants from attacks
by the Turks after the withdrawal of
the British forces
Spoke6men for the commission said
it would not be necessary to send more
than 10000 men, as an adequate native
force could be gathered about the nu-
cleus. Miriam Sevasly, who told Of the
outrages and fndignities the Armenians
had suffered at the hands of the Turks,
suggested that the force might be made
UP largely of Americans Of Armenian
origin. 10000 Of whom served in the
American Army during the war.
Regarding the rehabilitation Of Ar
menia, the members of the commission
said credits Of approximately $50, loot, 900
would be required, but that with a
guarantee of peace there was no doubt
Of a return of her prosperity.
Mr.. Gulesian, who was student at
the Plattsburg Army training camp
argued for the appointment of an Amer
ican governor general Of Armenia.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
GERMANS FEAR BOLSHEVUI.
Uprising IN the Occupied Territory
Believed TO Be Imminent

coRLENz. September 81 tby the
Associated Press).-aermans arriv-
ing from the interior In the last few
days express the belief that q. gen.
eral uprising Of q Bolshevik nature
10 due to occur momentarily through
out the unoccupied section Of Ger
many.
Many Of these Germans have come
to the occupied zone prepared to
remain all winter. saying they felt
certain the strikes. the coal and food
shortage and other troubles of q
serious nature would continue for
months. A wealthy German manu-
lecturer reported to American head
quarters that he had closed his fac
tory, ~ had other manufacturers.
owing to reports that bolshevik ele-
ments had virtually completed ar
rangennents for terrorixfng industrial
osnters throughout Germany.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
ADMIRAL SIMS OWN STORY OF HOW
U.S. NAVY HELPED CURB U.BOATS
AND ENABLED ALLIES TO WIN WAR

!; explained. they had every reason for
believing it. The kaiser and his as
sociates had figured that the wal
would end about July / or August l.
and English officials with whom
/, came in contact placed the date at
November always provided, OF
course. that some method were not
found for checking the submarine.
How, then, could we defeat the sub
marine? In other words, how could
we win the war? Before approaching
this subject it is well to understand
precisely what was going on IN the
spring and summer Of 1917 in those
What was this strange new type of
warfare that was bringing the allied
cause to its knees? Nothing like it
had ever been known in recorded
time; nothing like it had been fore
seen. when, on August 3. 1914. the
sources and all it's people against
the great enemy of mankind.
Leaving entirely out of consfdera-
tion international law and humanity,
it must be admitted that strategically
the German submarine campaign was
well conceived. It's purpose was to
arraign on the German side that
force which has always proved to be
the determining one in great interna-
tional conf7icts-seapower. The ad-
yantages which the control of the
sea gives the nation which possesses
it are apparent. In the first place, it
makes sure such a nations communi-
cations with the outside world and
its own allies. and at the same time
1T cuts the communications of its
enemy. 1t enables the nation domi-
nant at sea to levy upon the re-
sources of the entire world, to obtain
food for its civilian population, raw
materials for it's manufactures, mu-
nitions for it's armies, and at the
same time to maintain that COM
merce upon which its very economic
life may depend. It enables such a
power also to transport troops into
any field Of action where they may
be required. AT the very time that
seapower is heaping all these bless
ings upon the dominant nation it
enables such nation to deny these
same advantages to its enemy. For
the second great resource Of sea-
power is the blockade. II the enemy
is agriculturally and industrial1y de-
pendent upon the outside world, sea-
power can transform 1t into a be-
leagured fortress ana sooner or later
compel its unconditional surrender.
It's operations are not spectacular.
but they work with the inevitable
remorselessness Of death itself.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
FAvoRs WIRELESS RETURN.

Chairman Green Of the House mer-
chant marine committee introduced q
resolution yesterday directing the i'm
mediate return to their owners of
wireless stations now controlled by
the Navy.
Permission, however. would be
granted for the Navy Department to
for transpacific commercial business
until private stations are able to take
care of this service.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Nevada Railroad Sold.

SAN FRANCISCO, September 27.-
Sale of the Palisade and Eureka rail-
road. eighty-seven miles long. by Mrs.
whitelaw Reid and Ogden Mills of New
York, to Eugene Davis of New York
and Eureka, New. for a consideration
approximating $1.000,000, is announced
by Davis. The road runs between
Palisade and Eureka, New.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Meant Blockade Of Allies.

] For this stibsusface vessel, when
used as successfully as 1t was by the
Germans in l917, deprfves the sur
face navy Of that advantage which
wars. That is. the surface navy can
no longer completely protect COM
munications as it could in Nelson's
and Farragut's times. It no longer
guarantees a belltgerent its food. its
munitions. its raw materials of man
ufacture and commerce, or the free
movement Of troops. It is obviously
absurd to say that q belligerent
which was losing 100000 and 100000
tons Of shipping a month, as were
the allies in the spring OF 1917. was
the undisputed mistress OF the seas.
!, Had the German submarine cam
paign continued to succeed at this
transported its Army to France. and
the food and materials which we
were sending to Europe, and which
were essential to winning the war.
could never have gone across. That
is to say, complete control OF the
subsurface by Germany would have
turned against England the blockade
the very power with which she had
planned to reduce the German en-
pire-
In due course I shall attempt to
show the immediate connection that
exists between control. of the sur
face and control Of the subsurface.
This narrative will disclose, indeed,
that the nation which possesses the
first also potentially possesses the
second. In the early spring Of 1917.
however, this principle was not ef-
fective, so far as merchant shipping
was concerned.
Copyright, 1918, By the Worlds Work. Pub.
Iished BY arrangement With the Mcclure
Newspaper Syndicate.)
CONTINUED next Sunday
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Kaiser's Faith in U-Boats.

:. TN the impending decisive battle"
said the kaiser, ~the task fails upon
my navy Of turning the English war
method of starvation, with Wh1ch our
most hated and most obstinate en-
emy intends to overthrow the Ger
lies by combating their sea trafhc
with all the means in our power. In
this work the submarine Will stand
in the hrst rank. l expect that this
weapon. technically developed win
wise forethousht at our admirable
other naval lighting weapons ana
supported by the spirit which. dur
ing the whole course Of the war, has
enabled us to perform brilliant: deeds.
will break our enemy's war Will
TN this life-and-death Struggle by
believed herself to b tar beyond the
reach Of any anxiety about food: A
year ago 1t was supposed that Eng
land would be able to use the acres
Of the whole world. bidding with
them against the German acres. To-
day England sees herself In situa-
tion unparalleled in her history. Hsf
acres across sea disappear % re.
suit Of the blockade which our sub
marines are daily making more ST.
fective around England: We have
considered. We have dared. certain
Of the result. we shall not allow 1t
to be taken from us by anybody Or
Thess statements read almost ike
ancient history:, yet they ware uade
in February. 1911. AZ the etime Amer
leans and Engiishmsa read them
with . smile: they seemed 70 be the
kind Of German FodomontAde with
which the var had made US 20 Ia
niliaF-empty mouthings put out to
bolster up the dropping GsrmaA
spirit. That the kaiser and hIs .ad-
|'vlssTs could really .,0eitsND such rub.
Yet not only did they believe what
they. were saying but also. es already
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Denies Resideneeship to Won Below

BERLIN, September II (Cofre-
spondence Of the Associated Press).-
The Taeglische Rundschau has been
Informed that Cen. Won Below has
been refused permission to reside in
Dessau by the mayor. who Is said to
have told the former army leader that
"an influx Of generals into the city IL
not desired"
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Continued from Third Page.l
tliat Great Britain's control Of the SET
was actually at stake.
Britain Faced Surrender.

Had az the situation then was Ad-
miral Jellicoe had every 0ApectAtion
that It would get worse. The German
Submarines would soon nave tne ionk
their operations and they believed
that the submarine would force
decision in their favor in that period.
So far as I could learn there was
general belief in British naval circles
that this plan would succeed. With
losses approaching a million tons a
month 1t was q matter OF very simple
arithmetic to figure how long the
allies could stand the strain. The
best authorities calculated that the
limit Of endurance would De reacned
about November 1, 1917: in other
Of successfully fighting submarines
could be discovered almost immedt-
ateIy, Great Britain would have to
lay down her arms before vfctof1-
Gus Germany.
.what we are facing is the defeat
Of Great Britain" said an American
diblomat, then in London. after. the
situation had been explained to him.
In the next few weeks I had many
interviews with Admiral Jelhcoe and
other members of the admiralty. /
sat in conference with them every
morning. and, for all practical pur-
poses. became a member of their or
ganization. There were no secrets Of
the British navy to which. as an
Anierican, I did not have complete
access All members of the govern
ment desired that the United States
should understand the situation COM
pletely, SO from the beginning they
discussed matters with the utmost
frankness- They deprecated the gen.
orally prevailing impression that any
new invention could control the sub
marine in time to be elective.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Britain Did Not Control Sea.

/. This fact is so familiar that I in
sist upon it here only for the pur-
pose of inviting attention to another
fact which is not SO apparent Per-
haps the greatest commonplace of
the war, from the newspaper. stand :
point, was that the British fleet COM
trolled the seas. This mere circum-
stance, as / have already said. was
the reason why all students Of his
tory kept insisting that she could
never be defeated. It was not until
the spring of 1917 that we really
awoke to the real situation; 1t was
not until I had spent several days in
England that made the a1l-fmpor-
.tant discovery, which twas this-that
Britain did not control the seas.
She still controlled the seas In the
old Nelsonian sense-that is, her
grand fleet successfully Contained"
the German battle squadrons and
kept them, for the greater part Of the
war. penned up in German harbors
'seApower would have easily won the
war for the allies But that Is not
control of the seas In the modern
sense; 1t ID merely control Of the
surface Of the seas. s-s
Under modern methods Of naval war
controlling the top Of the water. For
there n. aqythefy type of ship which
sails steaithtly under the waves. re-
vealing its presence only at certain
intervals and capable Of shooting q
terrible sSwe eapon which can sink the
proudest surface ship in a few min
utes. The existence of this new type
of wafship makes control of the seas
todaysa very different thing from
what It vas In Nelson's time. AS
long as such a warship can operate
under the water almost at willard
this was the case in a considerable
area Of the. ocean in the early part
of 1s17-ft is ridiculous to say that
any navy controls the seas.
Evening star., 1919-09-28

Sunday funerals will be a misde-
meanof in Mobile after October /.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
JoFFRE VISITS CoBLENz.
Arrives on German Steamship Bis
marck From Mavence.

coBLENZ, September 81 tby the
Associated Press).-Marshal Joffre ar
rived today from Mayence ON the Ger
man steamer Bismarck for his flrst
visit since the American occupation.
After luncheon with Maj. Gen. Henry
T. Allen the marshal inspected the
fortress at Ehrenbreitstein.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Lloyd George Like Lincoln.

OF all the influential men In the
British government there was only
one who took an optimistic attitude.
This was Mr.. Lloyd George. I met
the prime minister frequently at din
ners, at his own country place, and
elsewhere, and the most lasting i'm.
preston which retain Of this Won
derful man was his irrepressible
gayety Of spirits. I think Of the
prime minister Of Great Britain as
great big exuberant boy, always
laughing and joking. ana even IN
this. perhaps the darkest crisis Of
British history. showing no signs OF
depression.
His face, which was clear in its COM
plexion as a girls, never betrayed the
slightest anxiety. and his eyes. al
ways sparkling, never disclosed the
faintest shadow. 1t is a picture which
shall never forget-that of this man.
upon whose shoulders the destiny of
the empire chiefly rested. apparently
refusing to admit, even to himself. tbs
dangers that were. seemingly crush
ing 1t to extinction. heroically devot-
ing all his energies to uplifting the
spirits Of his countrymen. and. in his
private intercourse with his asso-
ciates.. oven. In the most fateful mo-
1ients. finding time to tell funny
stories, recall entertaining anecdotes
OF his own political career. poke fun
at the naietakss Of his oDponent1 end
turn the general convey1At30a Q tAou-
sand miles away from the western
'6ront and the German submarines. 1t
Evening star., 1919-09-28

Fort ed France Feels Earthquake.
FORT DE FRANCE. September 2s.-
A strong earthquake shock was felt
here at 1890 o'clock this afternoon,
No damage has been reported.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Profound Faith in God.

Perhaps Lloyd Georges cheerful
| ness is explained by another trait
which he similarly had in common
with Lincoln; there is 2 Welsh mys-
ticism in his nature which. / am told,
sometimes takes the form of reli-
gious exaltation. Lloyd Georges faith
in God and in divine ordering Of
history Is evidently SO profound that
the idea of German victory probably
never seized his mind as a reality.
We all know that Linco]n's absolute
confidence in the triumph of the
north rested upon a similar basis:
conviction as this could explain
Lloyd Georges serenity and optimism
in the face Of the most frightful ca
lamities. "a
attended a small dinner at which
the premier was present four days
after the Germans made their terri
BILE attack. in March, 1913. Even on
this occasion he showed no evidence
Of strain; as usual. his animated
spirits held the upper hand; he was
talking incessantly, but he never
even mentioned the subject that was
absorbing the thoughts of the rest
Of the world at that moment: in
stead. he ratified :. along, touching
the impression which Irish con-
scription would make in America, and
now and then pausing to pass some
bantering remark to Mr.. Balfour.
This was the way that I always saw
the head Of the British government;
never did meet him when he was
tagged or discouraged. or when he
saw anything, but . favorable end
to the war.
Evening star., 1919-09-28

was the most inspiring instance Of
self-control that have ever known:
only one other case in history can be
compared with 1t, for Lloyd Georges
attitude at this period constantly re-
minded me Of Lincoln in the darkest
hours Of the civil war, when, on news
Of such calamities as Fredericksburg
or Chancellorsvillc, he would enter
tain his cabinet by reading selec-
tfons from Artemus Ward, interlarded
with humorous sayings and anec-
dotes OF his own.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
5 Never Lost His Faith.

On several occasions attempted to
impress Lloyd George with the gravity
Of the situation: he always refused
to see it that way.
"Oh, yes, things are bad" he would
say with a smile and a sweep of his
hand. But we shall get the best Of
the submarines-never fearr'
But the cheerfulness of the prime
sociates hardly concealed their ap-
prehension. On. the other hand, a
wave OF enthusiasm was sweeping
over Germany. Americans still have
an idea that the German government
adopted the submarine campaign as
the last despairing gamblers chance.
only half believeing in its success
themselves. There is an impression
here that the Germans never would
have staked their empire on this des-
perate dnal throw had they foreseen
that the United States would have
mobiliaed all its men and RESOURCES
against them. :..e,. -s'
The Germans did not think that they
were taking any chances at all: the
ultimate result seemed to them = GER :
tainty. They calculated the available
shipping Of the allies and the jneu-
trai nations; they knew just how
muchrs-their submarines could sink
each month, and from these statistics
they mathemAticallY deduced the.
time when the war would end. They.
did not Ike adding the United States
to their enemies; but this was be-
cause they were thinking Of condi-
tions after the war; for they would
have liked TO have. had, American
friendship IN the period ,of rsadjust-
ment. But they did mo-, fear. that. we
could DO than much injury In the
,coursesof Ghe war itself. This again
uas, MT bec1use, they really .despised
our. <hGkfing powsr::; they knew that
we, would prhve q formidable enemy
On the batt1eeh1d; but the obvious
fact. TO their. eyes. was that our ar,
mics could never get to the front in
time. The submarine campaign. they
said, would finish the thing in three
our four months: certainly in that
period the .unprepared United States
could never summon any military
power that; could affect the result:
Thus from a purely military stand
point the entrance OF 1oo,eo0, 600
Americans affected them about as
much as would . declaration Of war
PrrsvS fhn YalAHNf M1P4 f-f
Evening star., 1919-09-28
Dark" Said Balfeuf.

even dem0cfAtic
ST gives me great pleasure to meet
you on an occasion like this sid
his majesty. referring to the great
Ang1o-Amer1can memorial service. 7
am also glad to greet IN American
admiral on such a mission A. yours.
AND wish you all success
On that occasion we naturally had
little time for an exchange Of views.
bat a few days afterward I was in
vited to spend the night at Windsor
Castle. The king in his own home
proved even more cordial. Il that were
possible. than at our first meeting.
room and there. over our cigars. we
! discussed the situation at consider
fable length The king Is rapid and
animated talker; he was kept con-
sstantly informed on the submarine
situation. and discussed 1t that night
IN all its details. / was nrst sur.
touch which he was evidently main
taining with the British feet Yet
I this was not really surprising, for his
majesty himself is a sailor. In hts
early youth he Joined the navy, In
which he worked up Hike any other
well informed about the American
Navy As about the British; he dis
played the utmost interest in oux
preparations on land and sea, and
he was particularly soIicitous that
L as the American representative,
should have complete access to the
admiralty ONCE. About the subma-
outspoken as Jellicoe and the other
members Of the admiralty. The thfng
must be stopped or the allies could
never win the war. .-.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
U-Doat comImanders ConAdent

We confirmed this point Of view
from the Commanders of the occa-
sionally captured Submarines. These
men would be brought to London
and questioned: they, showed the 4ut-
most confidence in the result.
say .but what difference does that
make? There. are plenty. more. sub
marines coming out You wifi get .
few, but We can. build . dosen for
every one that you can capture OF
stink. Anyway the war viii all be
over In two or three months and We
shall be sent hack home" -
All these captives lsughed At the
suggestion Of German dsfeat; their
hut OF oonQueFer2s. They, also re-
Rarded themselves as heroes and
Kloriedl in the achievements. Of their
submarine service: For the most
part they, exaggerated the sinktngs.
and placed the end OF the war at
about the 1st Of July or August. The
Berlin gcvernnent similarly exag-
This was not surprising. for one
peculiarity Of the submarine is that
oniy the commander. stationed at the
periscope, knows what is going on.
if he reports sinking 5.000-ton ship
NO one can; contradict his state
ment, for the crew and other Of
ficers do not see the surface Of the
mander does not depreciate his own
achievements. and thus the amount
Of sunken tonnage reported In Berlin
considerably exceeded the actual
Ths speeches Of German dignitariea
resounded with the same confidence.
saa a. ~ no.$.
Evening star., 1919-09-28
DESCRIPTION

The Player-Pianos we are selling at $439
are full size, 88-note; beautiful cases, pump
very easily and are 6rst-class Player
Pianos in every respect.
Evening star., 1919-09-28

What can be easier than SO down and a
long time in which to pay the balance to
credit? Surely anyone can now
enjoy the pleasure Of fine Player Piano.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-09-10
HOT SPOTS ON
WEATHER MAP
keokuk Was one Of These Yesterday
When Temperature Recorded
Here Was

Keokuk, Des Moines and st. Louis
were next to the hottest spot on the
weather map yesterday, with tempera'
lures of "a degrees. Dodge City had
the record with SO. Keokuk tempera'
ture registered "a as the highest dur
Ing the day. This is two degrees
more than the day previous.
There is some relief IN slght
though, as the weather man promised
cooler weather tonight although con
ditions point to unsettled weather this
evening.
Last night was a reminder OF June
and July. There was a fuli moon,
loads of mosquitoes 'neyer'thing that
goes with hot summer nights.