davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-11-03
SAYS US. ENTERED
WAR TO AID BRITAIN
Tarnowski Reported America
Feared Submarine Campaign
Meant Defeat of Allies.
PENFIELD ALSO HOSTILE
Prince Won Wedel Asserts Am
bassador Declared Against
Germany in 1914.
Bv the Associated Press.

BERLIN, Nov. (delayed) The fear
that Great Britain would lose the war
when the unrestricted submarine cam
paign became menacing was the cause of
Americas entry into the war, Count
Adam Tarnowski Won Tarnow is quoted
as having asserted on his return from
the United States in the spring Of 1917.
The quotation appears in a statement
made by Prince Bottle Won Wedel, for
merly German Ambassador at Vienna,
who saw Count Tarnowski on his return
to Vienna after he had been sent TO the
United States early in 1917 as Austro-
Hungarian Ambassador. but was not re-
ceived by the Washington Government.
Count Tarnowski told me upon his
return to Vienna" said Prince Won
Wedel, that the Americans at first were
inclined to smile at the unrestricted
U-boat warfare. They generally rtdi-
culed the German navy, which hoped to
conquer the British feet byi such meth
dds AS the number of vessels sunk
increased, however, the Knockers grew
silent and Americans generally grew
restless.
Gradually the conviction became
firmer that the United States would be
forced actively to enter the war In order
to rescue England. 1t was not the fact
that the U-boat was a success, but the
fear that England would lose the war be-
cause of 1t that prompted the American
declaration of war"
Prince Won Wedel adds his opinion
that in view of Count Tarnowski's state
ments the mediation of the United States
for peace most probably would have
taken on a British anti-German as
pect.
That Frederick CORTLAND Penfield,
formerly American Ambas sador to Aus
tria- Hungary, was violently anti-Ger-
man after the outbreak of the world
war in 1914 was common knowledge in
Vienna. according to Won Wedel. Knowl-
edge of the American Ambassador S
anti-German sentiments, says Won We
del, became known because of the AM
bassador's candor. Mr.. Penfeld Is re-
ported by Won wedel constantly to have
said:
I'VE have nothing against Austria
Hungary, but Germany must be
crushed"
Baron de Weizsacker. formerly Min
ster-President of Wuerttemberg, In his
reoollections which are appearing in a
German review asserts he prevented
the adoption in the session Of the Bun
desrat commission on January 16, 1917,
of a resolution approving unrestricted
submarine warfare. On February ~,
after the break in relations with the
United States, he says, he addressed a
communication to Chancellor Won Beth
mann Hollweg on the subject. and the
Chancellor replied:
The success Of the U-boat campaign
thus far exceeds expectation. My conf
dence in It is increasing We could
not have done differently" The Chan.
cellor concluded his reply by stating
"At this stage of things the advantages
of the U-boat campaign are already
greater than It's drawbacks"
The sun., 1919-11-03
ROMANO'S VIEWS
ENDORSED IN ROME
Newspapers Assert Fiume
Must Become Italian.

ROME, Nov. tdelayed) ALL the
Rome newspapers reproduce to-day the
interview given the Associated Press
by Baron Romano Avezzana, the new
Ambassador to the United States Com
menting OH the hope expressed by the
Ambassador that the question OF Fiume
and the Eastern frontier OF Italy soon
would be settled accord 'ng to national
aspirations and the assertion that his
policy will be to promote an intimate
knowledge of each other by the two peo-
Piles. the Tempo to-day says:
Baron Romano rightly empha sized
the moral. political and cultural rea-
sons. which. despite the sadness OF this
hour. cause the American and Italian
peoples to appreciate each other. The
Ambassadors statement is perfectly in
keeping with the gravity OF the pres
ent moment His words mean plainly
that the Adrtatic problems cannot be
solved without regard to the rights and
sentiments OF Italy" The Tempo as
serts President Wilson's attitude is en-
| dangering ltalo-American relations
which should not be jeopardlzed. but
points out that his occupation of the
Presidency 8 only for a definite tern.
which will expire in due course.
! President Wilson's rejection OF the prof
ect OF Foreign Minister Tittoni for the
solution OF the Fiume and Dalmatiar
| question Is a cause for thankfulness, the
Giornale dItdlia observes. as 1t saved
us from the painful remuneration OF two
centres OF undoubted Italianity" Presi-
dent Wilson. the newspaper asserts, out
ragged nature ana good sense when he
proposed to separate the island OF Cherso
from that of Lussin. assigning the former
to the State OF Fiume and the latter
to Italy. Both islands, II continues
have the same geographical confgura.
ton. the same geological formation
the same history and the same admin
istrative system and were originally
=, united by an isthmus which the Romans
! cut, making a small canal. They are
united to-day by revolving bridge
over which passes a hghroad uniting
the two principal villages of these isl
ands The two islands have the same
structure and the same traditions-thos'
of Istria, TO which they are united his
torically. racially and economically
1stria must possess these two islands"
The sun., 1919-11-03
HOLLWEC EVASIVE
UNDER CROSS-FIRE
Fails to Impress Sincerity Of
His Peace Offers.


London Times Serpico.
Copyright 1912 all rights reserved
I BY ERNEST BRAIN.
BERLIN, Nov. 2.-Dr. Won Bethmann-
Hollweg's cross-examInation in the in
quiry to determine the responsibility for
the war demonstrated his duplicity
anew. His long statement did not make
good impression, consisting as II did
mainly OF excuses for failure and in
competence. When examined concern
Ing the statement he wriggled, writhed,
evaded questions, pleaded lack of recol-
lection, the necessity to consult docu-
ments, &C. 30 that the general opinion
is that he cut very sorry figure.
1t was pointed out and put to him
that on October I, 1915 he informed
Baron Gruenau. representative. Of the
German Foreign Office at headquarters.
that the Admiralty intended to begin
ruthless submarine war~on October 1S
He said he protested against the plan
and pointed out that there must be first
discussions with America and announced
that Bernstorff by the Kaiser's personal
order had been instructed to induce
President Wilson to issue peace ap-
peal. He added:
IF President Wilson can be brought
to do this. 1t Ia probable 1t will bring
an, appeal by England and her allies.
which. while we need not accept 1t. ought
to create for us the basis for justifying
morally to the world. especially TO Eu-
ropean neutrals, our promise made to
America"
This promise to America was the
temporary remuneration OF ruthless
submarine warfare. Bethmanns critics
here point out that all the talk of Ger
many's readiness for peace. the appeal
TO President Wilson and Germany's own
peace OFFER, therefore, had but one object
to prepare the way for submarine
war
The sun., 1919-11-03
Hitchcock Explains.

oeiidtOr f1ltCUCOcR explained MS Sl00
of the controversy tonight.
1--WE face a situation" said he, in
which forty-nine men, exactly a ma
tority. are bound together to act as
unit against us, and the result is as
IL solid block in a convention were
agreed on a particular plan The Lodge
effort to get an agreement Friday was
trick. sprung after they had given
us to understand there would be no eff
fort to secure one. We cannot agree to
anything that will foreclose us from Of
fering our compromise resolutions after
theirs have been rejected II Is plain
that there will have to be some oompro-
missing and their form of agreement
might have excluded US from it,"
Has your side set about framing
any compromise resolutions in antici-
patton of this situation?" was asked.
mo. 1 can't say that we have" was
the hesitant reply. AN agreement on
the proposal 1 made, for fifteen minute
speeches, could bring US to a conclusion
of the discussion during this week, l
believe. After that would come the
voting and the efforts to reach state
ment of the reservations in such a form
as to command the necessary two
thirds vote. We will not agree to any
thing that will prevent our offering and
getting consideration for a fair COM
promise"
Mr. Hitchcock, asked II he was will
ing to estimate the number OF DAno-
Gratis who would vote against the
treaty's ratification in event the Lodge
reservations were adopted, replied:
II think / would rather not commit
myself on that point, but there are
some
The sun., 1919-11-03
Lodge Out of Town.

Senator Lodge (Mass). Republican
leader, was out of town today One of
the extreme opponents of the treaty
said tonight that he expected 1t would
be ratified about two weeks hence with
the Lodge reservations. He made the
statement with no satisfaction. for he
II himself committed to vote against II
IN any case.
There is a new interest in the near
Eastern question as a result of the an
nouncement that Gen. Hartford. who
went to Armenia for the Administra-
ton, Is now on the Atlantic on his way
home He was sent to investigate the
whole near Eastern situation, with. a
view to the possibility Of this country
Taking a mandate for Constantinople
Armenia or both. He, as well as Col
House. may be summoned before the
Foreign Relations Committee in the last
days OF the discussion.
Washington hears that there is @
sharp difference of view between the
church and educational forces which
want this country to take a mandate
and the military people, who have found
grave difficulties. It is certain that the
church and college propaganda in favor
o. the mandate Is being carried on al
| high pressure. Letters are pouring in
on Senators by hundreds lately, almos,
| all of them of the stereotyped sort 50
| familiar since the treaty has been be-
fore the Senate. urging that the man.
date be accepted. Like earlier com
munications of the kind they are 'hav-
ing little or no effect, but there is in
creasing wish to know from what quar-.
| ter they are inspired.
The sun., 1919-11-03
300 conesian. Oppose Hearst.

Members of the Collegiate Nom Parti-
san League at meeting yesterday In
The Hotel Ansonia went on record as OPP
posing William Randolph Hearst and his
followers. Representatives from all col
ieses In the city were among the 500
men and women present Plans were
perfected for MONDAY discussions
throughout the city to-day and for the
selection of watchers at the polls to
morrow.
The sun., 1919-11-03
BRITISH lombard
REDS STRONGHOLD
Yudenitch, Thanked by Estho-
mans, Advances Steadily
Toward Petrograd.
Firms STAY B0LSHEvIKI
Strong Pressure in Finland
for Intervention Against
Soviets in Russia.
Firms STAY BOLSHEvIK,

HELsrNoroRs, Nov. / (delayed) Tho
Yudenitch declare that he Is steadily
advancing on the entire front before
Petrograd and, to the south. his right
flank being fully protected as the result
Of the progress made by the Esthonians.
To-day the British feet continued its
bombardmens of all the islands between
the Finnish coast and Krasnaia 0orka.
According to a despatch from Reval.
Krasnaia Gorka, the strong Bolshevik
position on the Gulf OF Finland just to
the west Of the island on which the
fortress of Cronstadt stands. has capitu-
lated to the forces Of Gen. Yudenitch.
Firms Slaughter Bolsheviki.
Considerable outpost fghting is in
progress along the Finnish frontier The
Firms according to reports, are refus-
ing to take prisoners, wiping out yes
terday a accommodating party of fifty
Bolsheviks
The Swedish language newspapers
mere representing the party advocating
Finnish Intervention in the campaign
of the White forces against the Boil
sheviki are urging the Finnish Govern
ment to modify the conditions upon
which 1t has indicated 1t would consider
intervening. They suggest that Finland
drop her territorial claims and demand
only that the Allies stand the cost Of
the military operations. (Finlands ter
ritorial desires have been set forth as
the annexation of the Petchenga dis
trict, near the base of the Kola' PENN
sula, and the guaranteeing OF self de ter
mination to the Finnish tribes in Ka-
nelia.)
Gen. Justus Mannerheim, the former
Finnish Premier, has sent an open letter
to President Stahlberg of Finland de-
handing Finnish Intervention In the
campaign for Petrograd The sinterven-
ton should be>eGmediate, Gen. Manner
helm declares, adeing that 1.-The whole
world is urging it."
Negotiations regarding Intervention
are proceeding with representatives OF
the Northwestern Russian Government,
the Premier and the Minister of Trade,
and Gen. Gulevitch. personal representa-
tive of Gen. Yudenitch.
Intervention Strongly Urged.
The Helsingfors papers to-day print
Gen. Mannerheims letter prominently
and renew their editorial urging of in
PREVENTION.
There is much speculation whether a
special session OF the Diet, which does
not meet again in regular session until
November 7. will be called to consider
Gen Mannerheim's appeal. Gen.
Gulevitch and Gen. Etievant Of the
French Army delivered addresses to
the leading Helsingfors journalists to-
night. Gen. Gulevtch made a strong
plea for intervention by Finland, de-
claripg that Gen. Yudenitchs forces
were in good position and could not
be defeated. but were Tot strong enough
to advance. Representatives of the
Swedish and Conservative Finnish press
spoke in favor of Intervention. The
editor of the Sdnomdt, the Government
organ, remained silent.
The sun., 1919-11-03
LORD DENBICH FOR
LOTTERY IN BRITAIN
Asserts Proposed Bond Issue
[s Not a Gamble.
Special Gable Despatch to rHx, Sun from the
1 London Times Service.
q COPYRIGHT. 1919 oil rioAs reserpsd.

copvriohf. 1913. all rights reserved.
LONDON, Nov. 2.-Lord Denbigh, writ
ing to the Times, advocates the issue of
premium bonds He says:
II reJoiced to see that the Chancellor
of the ExcheQuer had indicated his will
ingness 20 regard such a proposal with a
possibly favorable eye. / suppose we
shall now see an outburst of protest
from the peculiar type OF British mind
that at once condemns all such ideas as
being an announcement of gambling
find Il hard to regard this criticism as
being anything short of pure cant.
II respectfully submit that there Is
no gamble in subscribing for bonds Is
sued with or without a low rate of IN.
terest, but sweetened with the chance
of winning a big prize"
The sun., 1919-11-03
PAVING BLOCKS USED
AS FUEL IN LONDON
Oil Inpregnated Wood NoW
Going Into Households.
Special Cable Despatch to Tue Sun from Ia
London Times Services.

London Times Services.
COPYRIGHT. 1913. all rohn reserped
LONDON, Nov. 2.-London household
ers do not fear the effect of the coal
strike in America, nor did they worry
during the British coal strike.
For the first time since the war
started the main thoroughfares. most of
which are paved with wooden blocks,
are being extensively overhauled. The
blocks, made Of creosoted wood. nave
been discovered to be heavily 4mpreg-
mated with oil from motor vehicles. This
waste material makes excellent fuel.
which is being extensively burned in
households.
The sun., 1919-11-03
BRITAIN RAISES SUGAR PRICE.
Government TO Charge 8 to 10 Cts.
Pound Extra in Future.
Special Gable Despatch to The Sun and the
Public Ledger.
Copyright. 1913. all rights reserved.

Copvri0hf, 1913, al rights reserved.
LONDON, Nov. 2.-The British Govern
ment. through the food controllers de-
partment. will charge to 10 cents extra
pound for sugar in the future.
In fact. in order to insure a sufficient
public supply at the controlled price the
Government has lost 10 cents a pound.
The sun., 1919-11-03
PRO-LEAGUERS HALT
ACTION ON TREATY
Hitchcock Objects to Reach
ing Agreement for
Voting.
TRIES TO SEE PRESIDENT
Republicans Resent Charges Of
the Opposition's News
papers.
TRIES TO SEE PRESIDENT
Special Despatch to THE sun.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 2.-The pro-
League OF Nations Democrats are now
firmly established in the role of pro-
crastinators and blockers of action on
the peace treaty and the league cove
nant. This was developed few days
ago when Senator Hitchcock (Neb.) OBJ
jected to coming to any agreement for
the date for a final vote on the ratifi-
cation or rejection of the interviewer
documents
1t was learned that Senator Hitch
cock sought to-day to see the Presi-
dent, and was refused. Senator Hitch
cock does not know now when he can
see the President. and the pro-league
faction Of Senators now Is forced to
drift about marking time and blocking
action until Mr.. Wilson gets well enough
to tell them what TO do.
Republican Senators are growing
weary of the charges of Democratic
newspapers that they are holding of
action on the treaty. More than that.
many OF them are anxious to devote
some time between now and the con-
vening of the regular session of Con-
gress In December to matters other
than foreign affairs They are disguised
now with the Democrats for, blocking
the agreement sought for final vote,
but have the consolation. though. that
the onus for dilatory tactics has been
put on those who have been shouting
loudest for action.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06
ETETHODISTS ASK
CONFERENCE TO
RETURN VAN PELT

A petition will be made at the
lay-electoral conference of the
Methodist church of Central Hi
nois. to have Rev. Samuel Van Pelt
retained for another year as pastor
of the First Methodist church, fol-
lowing a resolution passed Thurs
day evening at the fourth quarterly
conference held at the church.
Rev. J. T. Jones, the district Su-
perintendent, was present at the
meeting. The lay-electoral con-
ference will be held in Canton
next Friday.
Colonel c. l.. Walker was nom
mated as one of the five delegates
to be chosen at the Canton confer
ence from this district to go to the
general conference which will be
held during the entire month of
May at Des Moines. His name will
be submitted at the meeting next
week.
H. ]. Olmsted was elected a del
egate to the lay convention at Can
ton. At that meeting the final
plans will be made for the further
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06

ance of the plans for the new
Methodist church which is to be
erected at the corner OF Eighteenth
avenue and Thirty-eighth street.
NJ. T. Stevens and ]. H. Clark were
chosen to so to the laymen's asso-
citation meeting which is to be
held Sept. 10.
NJ. T. Stevens was the new trus-
tee elected at the meeting and the
following were reelected: William
jackson, c. L. Walker. DR.. E. NJ.
Sala. L. c. Daugherty, d. Eli Brad
ford, F. K Rhoads, J. T. Taylor
and DR.. B. E. Jones.
c. G. Williams, W. NJ. Hodgson
and o. I. Schultze are the now
stewards and the men reelected
were II. J. Olmsted. c. A, Curry,
S. f. Mattison, Jr.. 4. II. Johnson.
Swain PEARSON, DR.. A. 10. Williams,
]. Z. Witter. J. A. Reid. c. A. Walk
er, H. p. Brown. William Lnven-
der. A. L. Bruner. J. b. Clark, E.
II. Stapp, c. A. Hoge, j., II, Ewing,
T. E. MOberg, and c. H, Langmann.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06
CAR men WON'T
ENDORSE PLUMB
PLAN BELIEVED
ROck Island and Davenport Lead
ers Are of Opinion That As
sOciatiOn Won't Sign.

That the Plumb plan of owner
ship and operation of the railroads
will not be endorsed at the annual
national convention of street rail-
way men in Chicago appears to be
the opinion of J. r. Bauer, head of
the Rock Island railway union, and
Charles Rogers. president of the
Davenport local Division No. 312,
who are the Rock Island and
Davenport delegates to the con-
Vention.
Mr.. Bauer and Mr.. Rogers expect
to leave tonight for Chicago. Both
delegates, who were the leaders Of
the car men in the negotiations
with the street car company and
of the strike which resulted in the
men getting the present 60-cent
scale, say that the street car mems
national association has gone on
record in favor of government
ownership and will not change to
Plumbs idea.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06
NEGRO SLASHED
THROAT OF ONE
WHOM HE LOVED
Preston LittIetOn in Jail for Cutting
Bessie Lewis, Also COiOred,
With Razor.

Preston Littleton. negro, is in
the county Jail today awaiting trial
for slashing the throat of Bessie
Lewis, also colored, in a jealousy
affair yesterday afternoon at 3:45.
Littleton had been counting the
Lewis girl for some time, making
love to her night and day. Yester-
day afternoon he suddenly changed
tactics when the two were at 813
Ninth street, below where the
negro girl lives. Supposedly from
jealousy, he whipped out a razor
and slashed the girls throat in sew
eral different places.
Wounds Not Serious.
Fortunately the cuts were not
deep and with the assistance of a
doctor the Lewis girl was soon out
of danger and taken to her room,
81312 Ninth street.
+ Littleton was arrested and
brought in police court. charged
with assault with a deadly weapon.
His case has been continued until
Sept. 10.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06

tanned in any essential industry. No
matter how the critics of the in
dustry dodge and squirm they can
not escape this fact: the packer :
profit on his meat amounts to only
a fraction of cent per pound. If
the profit were wiped out entirely
it would make less than a dollars
difference in the annual meat bill
of the average American. Yet there
are people who would have you be
lieve that this small profit is the
cause of high prices.
1t would be well for your cor
respondent to investigate the mo
tives of those seeking to foist gov
eminent control upon American in
dustry 1t might surprise her to
learn that whereas the Kenyon bill
purports to be one to stimulate
production" the author of the bill
is on record in a certain agricul-
tural publication as having advis-
ed the producers to lessen prOduc-
ton, if they would maintain a
profitable price for their live ami
mails.
With regards to a monopoly,
which your correspondent fears,
let me say just this: There is no
monopoly and never can be a
monopoly of a product such as food
which can be grown by anyone and
marketed by anyone She should
understand that if the present eff
ficient organizations are wiped
out the consumer will suffer
through poorer service and high
er prices. If that is what she wants,
then she is consistent in indorsing
the Kenyon bill. But if she wants
lower living costs and better ser
vice she should put her influence
where it will aid rather than ham
per industry.
Yours very truly,
R D. MAC MANUS.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-06
Takes Issue with Housewife.

RACES issue WIN housewife.
Chicago. Sept. 4.-Editor The
Argus:-I notice in your issue of
Saturday, Aug. 80, statement
signed Housewife" which sup
ports the Kenyon bill, now being
considered in congress, in the as
sumption that the bill will aid in
reducing the cost of living.
The good lady apparently has not
studied the bill and certainly has
been N sinfOrmed as to the pack
ing business. If she would have a
business condemned and dismem-
bered because it is large and with
out respect whatsoever to its abil-
ity to render service to the public,
then her advocacy of the Kenyon
bill istexplained. If she would have
the cost of living lowered-and
that is the ambition of every sane
Ifnan in or out of the business world
then She errs in her remedy.
The Kenyon bill purports to be a
license measure but it is in reality
a bill giving government officials
control over the industry more
complete even than the control
which the government now eXer-
cises over the railroads. 1t seems
hardly necessary to point out that
such government control always
increases operating expenses, while
lessening the efficiency of the ser
vice rendered Your correspondent
should ask herself if she is willing
to pay the increased prices which
will follow government control of
the packing industry as surely as
night follows the day.
Present nigh prices are not in
any way attributable to the meat
packers. The industry is conducted
on the smallest margin of gross
profit and Of net profit that is OBJ