davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

tUrbances among the bakers of New
York and the boot and shoe makers
of Philadelphia. 1t was during the
sailors strike Of 1903. the MasSa-
chusetts shipbuilders strike of 1917
and the Albany printers strike Of
1920 that the terms rat and
''scab' We're first used. From local
unions the organization of labor
progressed until in 1850 the first
international labor union, that OF
the printers, was launched.
The first martyrs to trade union
ism" were thrown into jail at Tol-
puddle, Dorsetshire, England, seven
ty-seven years ago. They were James
and George Lovelace, Thomas Stan
field, James Hammett, John Stan
field and James Bryne. The first
three men were Wesleyan preachers
who worked as farm -laborers ora
week days and preached the Gospel
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
And Prohibition VIII Raise the
Average Age, According to
Insurance Men

read at the tenth annual meet
ing here OF the society, de-
clarcd that through imitation over
forty per cent of the vast accumu-
lations Of the life insurance COM
panies Of the country has. if pres
ent conditions prove permanent,
been contiscated and devoted to pay
ing the cost Of the war.
NO scheme of deliberate taxa
tion, said Mr. Woodward, in trac-
ing the imitation cf values and the
consequent halv;ng Of the value Of
the dollar, could conceivably be
Is drastic as this. The injustice Of
Il al IS none the less cruel for its
being unintentional and the fault
Of no one in particular.
The property affected IS that of
the policy holders held for the pro-
lection OF families left helpless
through the death of the bread
winner. In other words, the man
whose twentyyear endowment in
surance policy is just maturing will
receive paid-up policy worth
just half what he had expected when
he began paying insurance prem
iums. The whole problem of infia-
ton, according to Mr.. Woodward,
explains the vast growth Of prem
ium income, and it must be studied
and understood if life insurance
companies are to play their part in
telligently in the era Of reconstruc-
ton.
An Interesting feature of the
present boom in insurance business
is the growth of group insurance,
now in its seventh year. Originally
tried as an experiment by one large
company, it is now being taken uL
by many others.
1t provides means whereby the
employer at a cost of about S12
per $ 600, insures all his employees
at no cost to them. The Union
Pacific Railroad Company has thus
insured $4,000 employees; the Good
rich rubber people, $4,000; Stand
ard Oh, $4,000; the Du Points, 21,-
coo. Usually an employee must
serve SIX months before he is efigi-
bic fer this insurance. which has
no cash Or loan value
Il ranges from 81, 900 to $4,000.
No examination is required. Every
employee is insured automatically
for the. sake Of cementing indus
trial relations About 100000 men
are insured in this way by one
company alone. And the story goes
that workmen are now beginning to
ask, when they seek employment.
If the company carries group insur-
ance!
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

cold because alcohol has irritated
his nerves, which control the circu-
iation.
Of he will exercise judiciously,
get plenty of fresh air, good food,
plenty Of sleep, little tonic, per-
maps he'll pull through. But he
mustn't take a drink, eat breakfast
and run for the train all at the
same time
Are you q fat man? If so, YOU
have less chance to live to be 1872
than a thin man.
Fat says the head of the medi-
cal conservation department of per
haps the biggest insurance company
IN the country, IS parasite and
breeds heart failure. Brewers
horses fed on malt are fat, but they
can't stand hard work. There is a
fat tree in Africa on the inside Of
which grows parasite which feeds
OF The real fibre Of the tree, weaken
ing its grain.
"A fat muscle is not so strong as
. lean muscle. HeHce athletes train.
A fat man attacked by pneumonia,
typhoid, or even a fit of anger, has
already paid the first installment
on his tombstone. Fat in the heart,
kidneys or liver is the beginning of
tho n,,I -
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
Science Benefits Young

At present there is little evidence
to show that people are living much
longer This II because most Of the
benefits of modern medical science
go to the young. Infant mortality
and tuberculosis are being greatly
reduced, but that victory over death
will not show in the mortality tables
for many years. Mean time Older
persons have no such aid to prolong
their lives, but are actually threat
ened with an alarming increase in
the degenerating diseases Of heart
and nerve strain.
Prohibition, however, is going to
prolong life, all insurance men
agree. Tie moderate drinker, in
surance men say, : q poor risk, and
he heavy drinl.er very bad risk.
Indeed, one company has long re-
fused to insure drinkers. Another
VIII not even insure man in any
way connected with the liquor trade,
be lie bartender OF Il stocAholder
in a brewery.
"Doctor,' life insurance ex-
awiner was asked, ~ have d friend
over fifty who is in bad shape. He
has always had four or five good
drinks a day and nightcap at
night. Now he can barely get one a
day. He is losing flesh ard his
fngertips get cold. What about it??'
"A man is in a bad way when he
feels like that" was the reply. "The
chances are he has a hobnailed
liver. The lining of his stomach
would probably make a good shoe
leather, and he may become neu-
rastkenic.
THAT man has reached the stage
where lie needs cocktail to scratch
his stomach. His fngertips are
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

an accurate medical picture of the
woman applicant, since the largest
life insurance company in the coun-
try has only three women exami-
ners; third, there is a psychic con
stitution of women which manifests
itself in an intuitive premontion of
impending disease. This, life IN
surance men say, accounts for the
many cases Of apparently good
women risks who within short
periods after examination develop
serious and even fatal maladies.
With the exception of few new
companies, the war proper hardly
touched the life Insurance business.
This was due to a number of causes.
First, the American forces suffered
comparatively light losses. Second.
most of the men killed were young
men without old-fasFioned insur-
ance.
In addition. most American coa.-
panies had withdrawn twenty scars
ago from the foreign field, paltic-
ularly Germany. What foreign
losses and liquidation remained were
paid in the deprecated coin Of the
realm, which meant q great saving
through rates Of exchange favorable
to the United States.
Yet the war caught most of the
life insurance companies singularly
unprepared. During the Spanish
American War emergency war
clauses to protect companies from
heavy war casualties were added at
rate Of $50 per 81 900, but these
were mostly dropped in two or three
years. When the world war broke
the average American insurance
company found itself with an in
surance policy which had to be paid,
no matter how the insured died.
All new business, however, was
protected by special war clauses.
Some companies increased the pre-
MUM 500 per 81 900 in case the in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

NUT near Lexington, Ky. in a
cabin on the banks Of Greasy
~ Creek. John Shell, aged 1872,
said to be the Oldest person in the
world, is entertaining Jew
York specialist who is prepar-
ing book on longevity. For the
benefit Of science John Shell Will
yield up the story Of his mode of
living, his diet and lifelong habits,
and tel the specialist how il hap
pens that his span Of life coull EN-
brace an acquaintance with every
Preside7t Of the United States.
If John Shell says he always
smoked and caewed, spent an hour a
day at the woodpile and read only a
certain kind Of literature, that viii
mean one thing If John Shell says
he never heard Of hobnailed liver
or never drank to excess, ate beef
steak and ran for a train all at the
sane time, that viii mean something
else. If John Shell can produce a
family Bible showing the date of his
arth, that will be still another thing.
But tell Johns story to the av-
erage actuary Of any big life insur-
ahce company and he viii smile at
you. There is no picture Of Ponce
ae Leon in the actuary's office. But
there is usually a full set of the
latest census reports and q general
Ctr of you'll have to show me-"
!. The question of longevity is one
that actuaries and medical exam
liners for life insurance companies
have long studied. At the present
time it is estimated that there are
around 5000 centenarians in this
country. There were 3,555 in 1910
VI persons ever siXty-five there are
about 40 1900, or As per cent Of
the tosal population. Oddly enough
this percentage has been slowly in
creasing. 1t was SO per cent il
1880 and - per cent in 1900.
Vi this total over the age Of sixty
I'VE, - per cent are white and sc
'eE cent foreign born. OF the cen
'vnariaas, however, more than IS pc,
cent were colored persons, and all in
eeStisations show that the stated
Aumbel of centenarians is grossly ex-
"sgerated-which does not arg1e
well for ones living to be 1872 years
I'D
1t is usually explained that the
oldest persons are almost invariably
negroes, on the theory that with adj
lsnced age the negro does not actu-
" know how old he is. Then he
sses pride in his extreme age and
aggerates. Thus, old Sambo, who
rs he is 1875 years old and saw
orge Washington when he was six
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
HILE separate labor unions
had their beginning in
America early in the last

nation of societies of workingmen
on this side of the Atlantic probably
dates from eighty-six years ago,
whan the general trades unions Of
the City of New York had an organi-
cation meeting.
Organization among American la
borers began in 1908, when the ship
carpenters and caulkers Of New
York and Boston organized. The
tailors of New York formed union
the same year, and 1903 also wit
messed the first industrial strike in
America, when the New York sail
ors refused to work Before that,
however, there had been labor dis
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
, The american Watch on the Rhine
Rainbow Duision senres front at Nederbresg
Germany

Asst week the New York Public Library placed its couec
on of enlarged photographs specimens
secured By the Signal Corps of American Expedtiouoru
Forces Fiue Of these photographs
The exhibition every cekdays from, a. H.
to and Sundays preliminary
tho exhibition for the
tOo major coone majors
captains lieutenant doughdoys moment
Of these uoud discover
voge Were he had been
he kne Many of the from the 27th New
Yorks divisions.
The Np York Public Lbrarg addition to its photoonnhc
collection, collection
and 1000 poserrhich 1t is
country and 1t particularly interested
soldiers and sailors Themselves
possible to future historians the
pee files Of serrice dponal rgentnl orgarSa-
ton HISTORIES that put them at the disposal
orhers library as qfs then
will be doubly
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

According to this doctor, fat is
all right between the ages Of twenty
and thirty. Below twenty it is 4
frequent indication of tuberculosis.
Over thirty the thin man has a
better chance to live than the fat
man.
The test of whether you are fat
or not is simple. You may have big
legs, big bones and big shoulders
and still not be fat But if your
waist measure exceeds your chest
measure start dieting
Smoking has not been considered
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
How to Lire?

Life insurance actuaries have
plenty Of statistics on old age, but
they have no dictum regarding now
to live to be 1872 years old. They tell
you, Tor example, that after seventy
women live longer than men. The
first year of ones life IS the most
dangerous. If you survive you will
reach tee same death rate at the age
OF sixty-Avc. You Will have the least
chance Of dying between the ages Of
ten and twelve. Women, as rule,
Eve longer than men. But life seems
to lose color after sixty-tive TIE
fact that % per cent Of all persons
over siXty-five in this country must
depend upon charity for a living is
emphasized by the fact that thirty
six persons out of every thousand
more than sixty-fve years old take
their own lives.
If woman survives the period Of
forty 10 forty-six and man the
period from fifty to sixty, both are
likely to live to q ripe old age. At
siXty-fve you have a chance to live
an average Of 11.6 more years. At
seventy the expectation is 81 years
at eighty 5.25 years; at ninety, 8
years. But women have better
chances than men.
There is no one recipe for lon
geVlty, but there are certain well
established suggestions, most actu-
aries agree.
If you would live to be John
Shell try these rules:
? Don't aoorry.
:. BE temperate
g. Get plenty Of fresh air.
/. BE examined Thoroughly once
d gear.
s. Don't get jct.
The carelessnes- of the ave~a cc
man regarding his health is the
despair Of medical examiners for
life Insurance companies. "Thc
average man." one of these r1ea
said. will send his motor car to
the garage every six months fol
overhauling, but he will refuse to
let doctor examine him as fire.
Quently. He is afraid Of what will
be found. One day he falls over in
faint, and then finds a disease
advanced too far for cure. He could
have detected the first advances OF
that disease by careful examina-
ton once a year. He would have
been told to quit eating, so much
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

Nut near Lexington, Ky, in
cabin on the banks Of Greasy
= Greek. John Shell. agel f22.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14
Initiation

Probably the most serious effect
of the war on the American insur-
ance business was that of imitation.
Joseph H. Woodward, president of
the Casualty Actuarial and Statisti-
cal Society of AmeSica, in a paper
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

years old, always agrees when you
say, Then you're really $50 years
cid if you saw Massa Washington,
Sambo." "Yassa, dat right"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

q bar to long life for fifteen years,
life insurance men say Married
life, they add, makes slightly for
longevity if it does not bring too
many troubles. There are no sta
tistics to show that ccNtinence pro-
longs life appreciably. However,
il is a disputed point whether mar
ried men live longer than single
men. Many men, it is pointed ont,
are barred from marriage by being
lunatics, physically unfit and so on.
Spinssers
The subject Of insuring women is
one that makes all aotuaries smile,
especially if they are anti-suffra-
gists. Women have only recently
been insured to any extent, they
Say, because most women have Cit
lie insurable interest" That is a
polite way Of saying that little eco
ionic loss is caused b. the death Of
the average women.
Unless a woman is 4 brcadwin-
ner, supporting children or & Grip
pied husband, she has little insur-
able interest beyond $500 required
for her burial, life insurance agents
say. Very frequently, too, insurance
companies demand that the husband
take out an equal amount of insur-
ance, each being the others bene-
ficiary. One company will not in
sure women at all.
Spinsters are better risks than
married women, and women with
children as benefcaries are more
favorably received than those whose
husbands are their beneficiarles. n
deed, recent study of mortality
among insured women showed the
highest mortality among married
women whose husbands were their
beneficiaries.
Women are not insured mainly
for three reasons. The first is eco
nomic; second, it is .ficult to get
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

sured served abroad, but not if he
served in this country Others made
a fiat increase Of $3.50 per 81 900
for all men in service.
Tie losses from all policies were
so slight, however, that most com
panies settled up all war death
claims on pre-war contract terms
and refunded all extra wartime
premiums. All companies aye now
retaining war clauses IN their CON
tracts, thus insuring themselves
against future wars regardless Of
what the Senate docs to the treaty.
Influenza
The influenza epidemic. as a mat
ter of fact, hit insurance companies
FAR harder than the war. Some
Sl50,000,000 in death claims has al
ready been paid, and many compa-
MES have been forced to readjust
their dividend scales, some reducing
dividends so per cent.
Yet this terrific loss has been al
most entirely wiped out by an I'M
precedented low mortality rate in
the last six months. Nineteen hun
dred and seventeen was an average
year, mortality running around the
average Of 70 on the "American ex-
perience mortality table" In 1918,
however, owing to the influenza,
mortality increased to 100 per cent
Of the table. This continued for the
early months Of 1919.
Since then, however, the mortal
lty rate has dropped to so, rate
which if continued few months
longer will completely wipe out all
war and influenza losses.
Insurance men are somewhat puz-
lied TO account FOR this condition.
However, typhoid, scarlet fever and
similar diseases are now at an al
most unprecedented low level The
weather has been good, ard the
working classes are better paid
1t is also believed that the inAu-
enza epidemic took ahead Of their
time thousands of persons who were
weak because of chronic diseases
Those first to succumb to the inAu-
eaza, according to life insurance
statistics, were person suffering
from tuberculosis, heart trouble and
kidney trouble.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-14

sugar, to leave alcohol alone, or to
do this and that before it was too
late
New Britain herald., 1919-08-20
MAYS CASE POSTPONED.
Hearing Put Off Again Until Next
 Friday

New York, Aug. 2O.-When the case of the New York American League Baseball club against Presi- dent Ban Johnson, to prevent him from interfering with Pitcher Carl Mays as a member of the club Was called yesterday before Justice Robert J. Luce in the supreme court, thc action was postponed until next Friday.
 The plea for postponement was made by counsel for MT Johnson, who desires to argue the question of the state courts jurisdiction. He claims that as the American league is a na- tonal organization the matter should come to trial in a federal court. Therefore, when the case comes up next Friday the question of jurisdic- tion will be settled and the action then will proceed.
New Britain herald., 1919-08-20
BLANCHARD INMATES
PcXto Team of Southington Downs Annex When Tommy Wcakens and
 Five Runs Arc Chased Across Plate

After pitching a gilt edged game for four innings Tommy Blanchard, moundsman for the Annex team emulated Captain Rickenbacker last evening at St. Marys' playgrounds, by an ascension, and before he got his feet firmly on terra tirma, the Pexto team of SOuthingtOn garnered five runs and the game. The loss was d great disappointment to the rooters of the locals, who anticipated a victory after the way the East End boys had handled the visitors in the opening in- ningS. The contest only went seven innings and was called on account of darkness. Johnny Hayes, who once twirled for Jim Naughton's ll-Stars against the Pioneers and won, was on the mound for the Pexto team, and his exhibition showed that he still possesses his old cunning. The locals dentsd the platter in the second in- ming when with two on bases, Dudack poled out a double to left field. The home boys did not register again un- til the seventh inning when they made a strong rally that fell one short of tying the score. The score by innings: Pexto ........... 0000500-5 Annex .......... 0200OC2-4
 Batteries-F(es and Link: Blanch- ard and Holleran; umpire, Botticelli.
 Tn the girS' game, the Fafnir Bear ing company defeated the American Paper Goods team of kensing ton, in a fast game, score to 5. The score by innings:
 A. P. c. ........ 13010--5 8 6 ET1 Oo02o-7
 atterieS-FlOrenc Cooley and Nellie Robinson; Margaret Collins and Catherine Mcskill; umpire, Jimmy Clinton.
New Britain herald., 1919-08-20
NATURALIST INJURED.
He Will Not Race Again This
 Season.

Saratoga, N. Y. Aug. 2O.-Natura- list, whose phenomenal performance on Monday was made the talent here regard him as one of the greatest sprinters that the American turf has ever known, will not be seen under colors again during the current meet Ing. He was severely cut in the pas tern of one of his forelegs, either at the post or at the three furlong pole when he was in tight quarters yes terday. MT. McCully stanched the blood with difficulty, and while the Injury will not be at all permanent, it will keep the flying son of Rabelais out of public competition for some time.
 Straight Forward, the game colt be- longing to R. T. Wilson, broke his leg in the second race and was de- stroyed. He was a good winner in MT. Wilson's colors. He is a half brother to Be Frank.
New Britain herald., 1919-08-20
ROBINS HUMBLED .
 TWICE BY RED LEGS
MOran'S Pennant ChaSerS Im-
 prove Lead When Giants LOSee

Brooklyn, Aug. 2O.-Any hopes that may have been nursed by the Giants that Uncle Robbie and his Robins would be able to check the mad rush of Pat Moran and his Reds wefe blasted yesterday afternoon, when the Cincinnati juggernaut crushed the Brooklyn contingent in both sections of two-headed performance by 1 to 0 and to 1.
 Aside from resultant disappointm suffered by the Giants. the double de- feat, in which theRobins scored but one run in IS innings, was particular ly galIing to the Ebbets field athletes for several reasons.
 To begin with, Leon Cadore, Brook2 lyn's favorite hurler, not only was hit freely and beaten in the opening game by l to 0, but the victorious finger was none other than Jimmy Ring, a product of Brooklyn, who, once q Brooklyn rookie, could be of great service to the Robins just at this pe- riod of the game. Ring had the Robins eating out of his hand from first to last, and very few crumbs they got. Three widely scattered singles and not a sign of a run were what the mathematicians had to report at the end of the ninth session.
 So far as Galore is concerned, while he was banged hard and frequently, the Reds getting four doubles from his slants, yet he pitched heady ball and got out of many tight places through coolness and excellent control. He held the Reds scoreless until the sev- enth inning, when they got together the hits that gave the only run of the game. The scores:
 First game r. h. Q Cincinnati .0OOOOO1O0-1 10 0 | Brooklyn ...... .OOO0OOOOO-O 0 Ring and Wingo; Cadore and Krue- ] ger.
 l Second game r. h. Q. Cincinnati ......oO21O1O11-6 13v 1 1 Brooklyn ..0O00OO0O1-1 3
 Eller and Rariden; Mitchell and 1 Miller.