The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-10-20

Two reports covering recomm@1da- dons as to the improvement of the American diplomatic and commercial services, presented yesterday to the American Manufacturers Export As sociation, furnished an outstanding feature of the sessions. The com mittee which formulated the reports, headed by W. W. Nichols, assistant to the chairman, AlIis Chalmers Man ufacturing Company, contrasted the organization of these services in the United States with that abroad, to the disadvantage of the former, stressing the following defects in the diplomatic and consular services. Careers not sufficiently attractive, both services being underpaid. 1nsuf- 6cient promotion in the diplomatic service to hold men in the lower grades. Inadequate maintenance al- fowances. Employment of foreign CTS on the staffs of American con su1ates.
 In the Bureau of Foreign and De- mestic Commerce present defects were noted as follows: Lack of proper lines of promotion and uncertainty of reward for merit. Personnel quite generally underpaid. Rotation Of personnel harmful to best results.
  operation seriously insufficient.
 The committee made the following recommendations as to the diplo- matic and consular services:
 s."First-Proper civil service regula- tions to apply to the entire diplo- matic and consular systems, with the single exception of ambassadors and ministers, because they are the per sonal representatives abroad of the Administration.
 :'Second.--In order to remove these systems from all partisan political in reference a competent central dip lomatic staff, consisting of i've mem- bers, with the Secretary of State as chairman eA-omcio, should be creat- ed, to hold office during good beha- vior, removable only by a three quarter vote of the Senate on the presentation of charges by the Presi- dent.
 "Third.-AH appointments within the diplomatic and consular services to be made by this central diplomatic staff under rules to be prescribed.
 'Fourth.-The first members of the central diplomatic staff to be ap- pointed by the President, by and with tIhe consent of the Senate. and from the, past and present diplomatic ser vice, e.g., ambassadors, ministers. secretaries or assistant secretaries of state. Vacancies caused by death or retirement to be filed by the Pres ident as hereafter provided.
 FIfth-PermanentI attached tC each embassy or legation will be q first secretary of said embassy or le- gation. who will act as the first assist ant to the ambassador or minister, as tho case may be- The tenure of such office may be life or until re- tirement for age. Appointme to this position to be made only from under-secretaries First secretaries will be eligible to membership in the central diplomatic staff, and partic- uIarly to appointments as ambassa- dors or ministers.
 "Sixth.-Under secretaries Gin their order, second secretary, third secretary, etc.), as their name i'm plies, serve as assistants to the first secretary of the embassy or legation. They may be transferred from one post to another at any time by the central diplomatic staff but should be transferred at least once every three years Under secretarial appoint rnent to be made from consuls or consuls general.
 sseventh-The consular service to be constituted as at present, except for substantial increases in salaries In order that consuLs may be eligi- ble to appointment into the diplo- matic service their opportunities should be considerably enlarged so as to acquaint them with political as wei as commercial matters. Consuls tc be appointed only from members o1 the junior service.
 "Eighth.-The junior service to be the educational institution for a dip lomatic career. The young appli cant, who enlists for a period O years, should be required to pass { severe examination in the essential of international law. history eco