The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-08-08

Tor amendment or reservation The-e
two provisions follow.
ARTICLE Ni.-Any war or
threat OF war. whether immedl.
ately affecting any OF tho mem.
hers OF the league or not. Is here
by declared 90 be matter OF
concern 60 the whole league and
the league shall take such action
that may be deemed wise and
cffectual To safeguard tho peace
or nations. IL IL also declared
TO be- the friendly right of each
member OF the league 20 bring 60
the attention OF tho assembly or
council any circumstance what.
ever affecting international rela.
tons which threatens to disturb
international peace or the good
understanding between nations
on which peace depends
ARTICLE Nv. paragraph
eigho-if tho dispute between
th. parties IL claimed BY one OF
them and n found by the council
20 arts. out Of matter which.
by international law. iH solely
within the domestic Jurisdiction
OF that party. the council shall
so report. and shall make no rec
concentration as 10 It's settle
ment"
Thos, demanding reservation
making plain the refusal OF tho
United States To admit that the
league has jurisdiction over domestic
questions like immigration. the tariff
and regulation OF coAstwis~ trading.
declare That Article Nj. authorizes
the league TO take jurisdiction. They
point TO the language any war or
threat OF war and ANY clrcum-
stance whatever affecting interna
tionai relations In proof Of their
contention. They insist thai the
quoted paragraph Of Article XIV.
does no, prevent the i-aEue taking
Jurisdiction. n war IL threatened By
a dispute over a question which lies
purely within the domestic juriHdic.
ton of one party. but 10 the hand.
ling Of which under such jurisdiction,
tho other party seriously objects.
The immiErati ton question II cited an
an example, while recognized BY
some international law experts as
purely domestic. immigration IL hold
by others 10 have an international
aspect
League supporters. however. insist
that the definite provision Of Article
XIV. absolutely shuts out OF conzid,
GRAFTON any domestic question. and
leaves !, for srttlesneni between the
two nations.
The fourth provision upon which
reservation IL demanded ls that GOV.
crsng withdrawal from the league.
Its sext foiiowx
ARTICLE 7. paragraph A.
Any member OF tho league may.
after two ycars notice Of It's in
tsntion TO do 30. withdraw from
the league. provided that ALI tn
international obligations and all
tn obligations under this cove
nant shall have been fulfilled at
tho time Of its withdrawal
The criticism her. In that the PRO.
vision allows the ieaxue--that IL. Tor.
eigu nations--to decide. In the cas~
OF the United States. whether this
government has fulfilled Its obiigar
tons. The demand 10 that IN. right
Of the United States TO be IN. Judge
Of It's own obligations and tn. fui.
fliimsnt OF them BE- recognized.
The reply made 10 this criticism IL
that the provision apple. not only
20 the United statcr. but to every
r.stc.. 10 th~ Ia. ,,,~ a,A 49, -.
IN fair for ono Ia fair for all
Disarmament al provided for In
Article VIM. OF tho covenant In an
other section causing dissatisfaction.
and n demand for reservation This
provision reads:
ARTICLE vIrr.-The members Of
I tho league recognize that the fnainte-
nance OF peace requires the reduction
OF national ornaments to the lowest
point consistent with national safety
and tho enforcement by common ac-
ton Of international obligations
The council. taking account OF
tho geographical situation and cir.
cumstances Of each state. shall form.
ulate plans for such reduction for
the consideration and action OF the
several governments
such plans shall BE- subjcct 10 re-
consideration and revision at least
every 10 years.
After these plans shall have been
adopted by the several governments.
the limits OF ornaments therein fixed
shall not be exceeded without the
! consent Of the council.
The members OF the league agree
that the manufacture by private en-.
terprise Of munitions and impie.
ments OF war is open 10 grave obJec.
tons. The council shall advise how
the evil effects attendant upon such
manufacture can be prevented. due
regard being had 10 the necessities
OF those members OF the league
which are not able 20 manufacture
the munitions and implements OF
war necessary for their safety.
The members OF the league un.
dertake tS interchange fun and frank
information az TO the scale OF their
ornaments. their military, naval and
air programs and tho condition Of
such OF their industries as are adapt.
able TO war like purposes"
The criticism directed against this
article is that while IL discusses dis
armament. II does not really provide
for II. The fact that the councils
function is merely that OF drawing
up and submitting a plan. which
may be rejected by any government.
is held by league critics to be n
fatal defect in any plan designed ef.
fcctively TO disarm nationA
Another criticism In that II the
United states accepts this article. II
will bind itself 20 accept the orders
OF the council. made up OF ono
American and eight foreigners. as to
the size OF the American army and
navy.
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