davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1919-05-04

~ nee upon a time there was
a lonely little rich boy who
spent hours and hours with
his face wedged between the
palines of an orphan asylum renee
watching a hundred or more llttie
orphans at play-shaved-hea oiue-
clad little orphans at play on the
gravel of the rear yard OF chil-
dren's "institution." He returned nome
from these vigils so downcast and
morose his parents-who were reails
satisfactory as parents go-made IN
quiries.
well" he said, bursting into tears
Il don't see why l wasn't porn All
orphan SOS 1 could live across the
street and have all those kids to play
with"
thought Of that little boy so enam-
ored of a children's institution as l
watched the happy children OF the
Comite American children's colony at
Boullay-Thierry. l am afraid ne
would have tied his rompers and ms
favorite playthings in bundle and
his home paternal have known him
no more He longed to cast his lot
with an "institution"-the very Word
strikes terror to my soul-Where the
gravel. the cheerless rear rooms. the
unsightly fell to the lot of the chill
dren; the grassy lawns with flowers,
the handsome reception rooms and OF
fees to the directors. How, then,
faJ3 in a -
mosphere of Boullay-Thierry?
No Hint of "Institution."
For there's never a hint of "insti
tuition" in the big, big chateau at
Boullay- -Thierry. 1t is home for
kiddies whose fathers are soldiers of
France, who will return to care for
them some day. 1t is home in every
sense of the word as Americans un-
derstand it. Curls and braids are left
on little heads. Ribbons are worn.
There's bit of trimming on the
dresses Children go jumping, run
ming, dancing right over the grass,
chasing their shadows over sunny
lawns with never an eye watching
for a cop or Keep off the grass
sign. Salons for directors and "our
best people" only? Not bit of 1t.
Children first; directors as needed.
The salons. with their tall windows
letting the blessed sunshine in, their
high ceilings and great mirrors, are
turned over to the children.
The open fires, logs ablaze and sput-
tering, are centers for groups of rosy
checked lads and lassies. The walls,
so white and shining, lend themselves
to bookshelves SO low the littlest
child can reach a gay-colored picture
book or game. Gilded furniture and
marouetry tables are replaced by low
tables of painted wood and tiny
chairs. The Gobelin tapestries of
yesteryear are not missed. The wall
spaces are amply decorated with
Jeans impressionistic water color of
the first autumn leaf-one of our own
leaves from our own forest seen from
che salon windows-Mar:e' Gillifow
ers ana Itos- IS bluebirds The chiidrei.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
BY RUSSELL YOUNG.

~ OLIVIA. the third largest of
- the South American republics.
is at last enjoying a closer
trade relationship with the
United States. and as a result of this
awakened interest in the latter the
Andean republic is sure of great
and prosperous future.
Commercial and financial interests in
the United States long neglected Bo-
livia- but the European war taught
them, among many other things. that
exceptional opportunities were await
ing them in Latin America. Within
the past year and a half the United
States has taken remarkable strides
toward a more extensive commercial
relationship between 1t and the coun-
tries Of South and Central America.
The indications are that the United
States will never lose the supreme
position it assumed during the war.
In fact, careful plans are being laid to
tighten this hold and to ward off any
possible inroads by Great Britain or
Germany. Great Britain had until
1915 developed a tremendous trade re-
3ationship with Bolivia, but despin
tho fact that there Is now a great
sAmount of British capital invested in
.xhe mountain republic. it is believed
by authorities In such matters that
skha Omitted States will never permit it.
kelf to be dislodged from its present
aeosifion.
i Grown Rich and Ambitious.
!, Xfke practically all the other South
american countries. Bolivia has
txrown rich and ambitious since the
Evening star., 1919-05-04

men only. and in many cases there
are special sections for disabled men.
AS far as possible the work in these
new additions to the employment eX-
changes is carried on by men in the
same positions as those they are help
ing back to civil life. Discharged
abled men among them, superintend
the placing of discharged and dis
abled men. and thus demonstrate that
serious injury. even the loss of two
legs or of eyesisht. is no insurmount
able obstacle to the performance of
efficient work.
Evening star., 1919-05-04

war started. Extensive interior devel-
opments and improvements are plan
ned 1t is making a determined effort
to greatly Increase its agriculture
Several hundred miles of additional
railroad trackage is now being built
and more than thousand miles ad-
ditional is to be constructed within
the very near future. There is to be
considerable building in the various
cities of the republic. and as result
of all these activities the United
States profits.
American made goods. especially
shoes and cotton material. are con-
stantly growing in popularity in Bo-
livia. Americans have grown very
fond of this trade. and they propose
TO miss no opportunity to develop it.
At the same time Bolivia is enjoying
the interest being shown by the
United States, as well as the rich
profits it is deriving from the sale
of Bolivian products here.
Now that Bolivia is SO closely linked
with the United States in this new
era of commercial development,
Americans naturally will want to
have a more intimate knowledge of
that country AT present little is
known by Americans about this in
teresting republic which is SO pos
FesSed of mineral riches and COM
mercial possibilities.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
No Seaport of It's Own.

Inasmuch as Bolivia has no sea-
port. there are no steamship lines
touching directly on the country.
However. it can be readily approached
through several Chilean ports.
Foreseelng that much of the pros
perity and future greatness of the ma
ton depends upon the education of
all classes of its population. the Boil
Wan government is taking great pains
III the advancement of its educational
standards. Public instruction is both
free and compulsory. Besides numer-
Gus new graded schools there are
quite few notable colleges and uni
VerSliies, also several normal and ag
ticular merit are sent abroad at gov
ernm"nt expense whenever the latter
considers it advisable for them to
continue their studies, that they may
be equipped with the best methods ex-
taHt IN the specially selected. The
training thus received is applied at
home to the advantage of the entire
nation
In the new era of closer relations
and development Of the nations OF the
western continent II is considered
more than likely that the United
states Will be selected by the Bolivian
government as the country in which
! further 10 educate and train its young
, men and women. Heretofore France
Germany and other European coun-
! tries have been profiting in this re-
spect.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
APPALLING SUFFERING
IN EASTERN EUROPE
Continued from First PAGE
dilapidated entrances, broken steps
poverty is king here.
Annerica 0n1v Hnne
America Only Hope.

q know my description may strike
you as poor attempt at being dra-
matte, but when 1 recall what 1 saw
today, l am all shaking and feel like
crying. These conditions cannot re-
main as they are and our people in
America will have to apply them
selves in helping these unfortunates.
not only with money, but with men
and women, who must come here with
our own methods and start the work
Of real construction
Under date of March 10 Or. Bogen
tells of the arrival in Pol1nd OF the
s., ,O00, 600 cargo of food of the steam
ship Westward Ho, sent Jointly by the
joirt distribution committee and the re-
lief committee of the Polish national de-
partment in America, an event. which
he declares marks an epoch in the his
tory of Poland" This was the first
food ship from America sent for the re-
lief of the Polish population since the
outbreak of the world war. and was
sent through cooperation with the
United States Food Administration. The
ship itself is an auxiliary vessel Of the
American Navy and sailed under the
command of naval officers
The distribution OF tho food in Poland
was without discrimination as to race
or creed and was effected by the Jewish
committee, acting In conjunction with
tho Polish government
Evening star., 1919-05-04
WORLD LABOR LEAGUE
AID TO ALL WORKERS
Continued from First Page }

ference be called to meet in Wash
ington next October and has recon-
N ended that the following matters
be taken up for considera ton when
the general conference meets:
l. Application Of the principle Of
the eight hour day or forty-eight-
hour week.
.. Prevention of unemployment.
8 Womens employment.
4. Employment of children.
;. Extension and application of in
ternational conventions adopted at
Bern in 1906 on prohibition of night
work for women and prohibition of
the use Of white phosphorus in the
manufacture of matches.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
Shown in Happy Faces.

I saw this freedom of spirit in the
baby faces which answered me smile
for smile. l caught it in the outdoor
boys and girls playing on the front
lawn; in the little girls watching me
from an upper window. saw it
among the older girls who sat in a
warm, sunny bedroom hung with yell
low chintZes which sang of daffodils,
spring and youth. The girls were
visiting and chatting as they tried
doll patterns. embroidery patterns
paints and beads. Not a monitor in
sight. 4 maid rescued me and un-
dertook personally to conduct me
after l had walked into linen closets,
washrooms and opened every door ex-
cept the right one.
When we passed through the rooms
where the girls were having their
morning visit l expected a sudden s
lence. a kind of mental and spiritual
lodging on the part of the groups we
interrupted. I expected to hear the
maid say: Tut, tut. you have drop
ped some scraps on the floor Pick
them up instantly. you awful messy
children Nothing of the kind hap
pened. The girls smiled pleasantly
at me and said: Bon jour-" The
maid, intent on landing me at the
right door. paid no attention to the
children at all. 1t brought to my
mind very forcibly winter mornings
when I was child. and we gathered
around our dolls ard games while
mothers and maids passed in and out.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
Territory a Large One.

There are trifie more than 100000
square miles of territory within the
borders of Bolivia. thereby making IL
about one-fifth as large as the United
States, and larger in area than Ger
many, France. Spain, Switzerla nd
Holland. Denmark, Portugal and Bel
GUM combined. This in itself is a
distinction. 1t is fact that will sur
prise many when they read II.
1t is one of the greatest tin produc-
ing countries and 1t supplies one
quarter of the tin output Of the world.
j has a population of 2.461 900. which
Tor the greater part. is made up of
an Industrious and progressive class
OF people. They have more of the so
called American push" and pep
that is usually found among Latin
Americans
The republic has representative
FORM OF government very similar TO
that OF the United States. The gov
ernment has three distinct and CO.
ordinate branches-legislativ cxecu-
i've and Judicial. There are a presi-
dent and two vice presidents OF the
republic. each elected for a term of
-FOUR years. but not eligible for re-
election for the term Immediately fol-
lowing
Evening star., 1919-05-04
Rooms Belong to Children.

The really noteworthy TACT ABOUT
these rooms Is not their change in
that they belong to the kiddies. The
latter are not marched in and out
at stated intervals and told to sit
quiet and to stop Wriggllng- AS near
as could judge. they were in and out
playing quite at ease, making lhe
noise which is essential to a normal
kids growth and well being.
This may have been because of holi-
day time and extra freedom given to
play where one willed. But not
pitiful look of fear creep into his
eyes when an adult approached.
There's the real test. That is what
I kept my weather eye open to see;
were the children natural. spontane-
Gus. unafraid: Or. did they. bear the
threatened. We adults can hide
things in corners and put on com
pany manners at will but the child
rema ains natural. So then. lis is the
my visit to Boullay-Thierry; every
child turned to me a happy. smiling.
fearless countenance. Every child
said by his natural, carefree attitude.
BY his adorable friendliness: Gods
in His heaven. alls right in His world"
It is the first time I have ever come
away from a children's home" with
out a lump in my throat and a feel
ing of rebellion against children be-
ing hammered into one mold. indi-
vidualities suppressed. | have dream
ed when my ship heaves into port of
establishing a place where children
shall be given the happy childhood to
which they are entitled: where each
child shall remain an individual pos
sessing his own soul. To me Boullay-
Thierry stands for my dream come
true One may be fooled by care
takers, but not by innocent children.
They ring true.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
Convention Next Month.

This association will hold its sew
enth annual convention in Chicago the
first week in June. To this confer
ence will come the personnel workers
of the large industrial corporations
which have membership in the or
gan.zation. Sixty-eight different
branches of industry are represented
in the association and the major divi-
sions of each OF these industries are
represented at the annual convention
by the employment managers, the ed
uca ttonal and training directors. man
ayers of safety departments. welfare
mana gers, etc.
1t is the opinion of conservative but
progressive industrial executives that
the reconstruction period will not
have been completed until the indus
tries are firmly established on demo-
cratic basis. A better distribution of
created wealth is a necessity. they
concede. To just what extent the
workers of an industrial institution
will share in management is being de-
termined through a series OF expert
ments. When these experiments have
resulted in new methods in manage
ment the present enormous wastes
will largely disappear. Encouraging
progress has been made. Some OF the
larger CORPORATIONS have been able to
reduce their turnover to a most gratis
tying degree. The results of the in
yestigators and the reports OF the
various committees Of this assoc!a-
ton are submitted at the annual con-
vention.
Not Confined to Members.
Representatives from industrial in
stitutions not having membership are
welcome at the meetings. The move
nenf is not subsidized but depends
wholly upon the annual dues Of its
membership for financial support.
Organized labor and organized CAPT
tai have both given encouragement to
the efforts of the association.
Most of the progressive nations of
the world are now represented in as
sociate membership and a similar or
ganization is being perfected in Eng
land where about thirty OF the repre-
sentative industries have worked out
a provisional association and are CIV
ing the movement their support
Evening star., 1919-05-04
Ordered to Philippines.

Maj. Harry o. Palmer. judge advo-
cate, has been relieved from duty in
the office Of the Judge advocate gen.
eral in this city. and ordered to the
Philippine Islands for duty as judge
.u.ocate OF the China expedition.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
To Travel in America.

Active steps are being taken to turn
the attention of Bolivian travellers to
America instead of to Europe. 1t
has been the custom Of the past for
wel-to-do Bolivian families to travel
IN the European countries, and few
of them. except. as n general rule, for
business purposes, have ever visited
the United States Because of this
the average Bolivian is as ignorant
of the United States and its peoples
a are the latter of Bolivia and hers.
The history of this Andean repub-
lie is an interesting and highly ro-
mantic one. Pizarro. having con-
quered the Inca empire, invaded in
1885 the territory now known as
Bolivia. He found there race OF
Evening star., 1919-05-04

allies will not have to reckon upon the Russo
German alliance immediate menace un-
less the bosheviki elements of both countries
join hands and overthrow the present regime
in Germany Rather will the real danger make
itself manifest in German-thinhnS, German
acting Russia of future years.
1t will be for the allies to strive settle
the Russian problem once they have disposed
of the Germans After the peace is signed it
will be for the domination of Russia.
with Germany already in the lead by virtue
of her proximity to Russia and the fact that
today Germany has scattered thousands of pro-
German agents over Russia, whereas the allies.
so far have been content to send a
military force and bakers dozen emissaries
who have accomplished absolutely nothing in
bringing Russia closer to the allies
x X x 4
DELEGATEs Of those Russian governments
l. which are trying throw off the yoke of
anarchy ushered in by bolshevik creeds and
actions have. bended knees. gone before
the representatives of allied governments in
Paris for assistance. They thoroughly
infant of Russian conditions. Russian thought
and life. On first thought it would appear
they the best judges of what course the
allies should pursue in handling the present
extremely trying conditions in Russia. but the
allied statesmen have lent an ear, and tlia. is
all. They have received Russian suggestions
with apparent apa thy. At least. they have not
crystallized their thoughts into concerted. con-
crete action tending to cure Russia's ills.
This has led to much bitter feeling the
part of those Russians in Paris who. represent
ative of more enlightened thought in Russia
today, have demanded swift and action
VIII not this feeling of distrust in the allies
created through Indifference, cause these very
Russians, sooner or later, to hail such aid as
Germany may give in the reclainng of Russia
from the hands of the bolsheviki: 1t Is
worth
many is preparing to these very indrd
uals who, after all, Germany herself counts
upon to restore Russia. that settled order
may be ushered in to the commercial prosperity
of Germany and protection against the i,ol
shevist menace, which is ever constant.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
CHILDREN OF FRENCH HEROES
ARE PROVIDED A REAL HOME
Nothing of the Institution About the
Colony Which Is Maintained at Boul-
lay-Thierry by Americans.

of the Jardin des Enfants scorn tap
estries as unhygenic. They have made
garlands of gay paper rings to hang
on the walls Of their special salon,
where. amid toys and handwork and
pleasant picture books, they thrive
mentally and physically.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
GIVES WORKERS VOICE
IN SHOP MANAGEMENT
Movement In This Country for Democ-
ratization of Ind dustry Has Backing
Of Big Business -.
Of Big Business.

alton. education and other similar
matters of mutual interest
The labor situation at Bridgeport.
Conn. during the war also caused the
Manufacturers Association of that
city to give attention to methods
which might be employed to elimi->
nate the waste consequent to strife
The Manufacturers Association dele
gated to its attorney. George s Haw-
ley. the task of devsiug plan
which would embrace provisions for
he adjustment of labor disputes HIS
plan includes provision for industrial
committees to whom employers and
employees shall refer their problems
the committees 10 be composed OF
equal representation OF both inter
eSts.
Labor turnover in the United States
is. in normal periods. about sc. 0OO, ,ooa
annually. This figure applied to the
fo.00O.o0O workers gives turnover
ratio of l25 per cent.
Al least 25 per cent of this turn
over is abnormal and expensive alike
to stockholders and to workers The
cost is conservatiye|y estimated at
$1,000. 100000 annually. The reason
the problem has not commanded more
attention on the part of executives
OF the industries is that no account
ing has been done to determine the
cost. Hiring ard firing" has gone
on. hGt only recently have the tre-
nendouS wastes and costs involNe ed
become understood.
Survey of Industrial Conditions.
Some seven years ago there came
into existence at meeting in New
York city an organization known az
the National Association of Corpora
ton Schools. The functions of this
association are to acquaint indus
trial executives and Industrial insti-
tutions with the trend Of develop
ments in the industries which affect
the relations of employers and en-
ployes. Careful surveys have been
made by the association. expert in
vestigators placed in the field and
reports issued containing the present
status of personnel problems upon
, which attention has been centered.
The problems investigated relate
| wholly to the relations OF the stock
holders. management and the work
ers.
The association also devotes atten-
tion through its subcommittee TO en-
/ p!oyment problems. training of the
workers. safety an educational
problem. health education, appren-
ticeshir training. training OF office
workers. fitting the technical grad
, uate into industry. readjusting in
dustrial organizations to receive the
new factors in a-ernent. methods
of instruction, the relation Of the
/ public schools to Industrial require
ments. marketing problems. execu-
! tive training and unskilled labor and
| Americanization.
Evening star., 1919-05-04
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.

ATiONS of the world so recently united
against Germany and her allies have
framed the terms which they are
about to impose upon the enemy at
Versailles. The German official dele
Evening star., 1919-05-04

IT is not to be expected that Germany through
| her activities in Russia, which look to event
ual control Of the greater portion OF the great
eastern country through trade and economic
alliances will achieve her purpose in day or
a week 1t will become process of infltra-
ton, which undoubtedly will continue through
a period of many years. possibly decades The
Evening star., 1919-05-04
BY LAURA A. SMITH.

~ nee upon a time there was
lonely little rich boy who
Y spent hours and hours with
his face wedged between the
Evening star., 1919-05-04

\ UIETl.Y. without blare OF
truinpets or organized ef-
J fort to obtain publicity.
there has been under way in
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-02-01
MOORE SAYS LUXURY
TAX PLAN WILL FAIL
Phila. Merchants Protest to
Representative Against Rev.
enue Bill Provision

Representative J. Hampton Moore
believes legislation will soon be passed
resembling the Objectionable features o.
the taxes on luXuries in the war rev
enue bill, he asserted today.
Speaking of the hundreds of appeals
that have come to him from Philadel-
phia merchants asking his assistance
as one of the revenue bin conreres TO
urge elimination of the objectionable
luxury taxes. Mr.. Moors said today:
The sO-called. luxury tax provision
was included in the revenue bill when
we were at war and when Great Britain
was proposing a similar tax to raise rev
enue. 1t was passed by the House and
sent TO the Senate which made one of
Two changes principally with regard TO
CLOTHING and dresses. These changes bv
the Senate are the only matters that
come within the Jurisdiction Of the con-
feres. VIZ
The taxes not changed by the Senate
as reported by the House remain in the
Dill under the rules and viii have to be
voted up or down with the lbilI. II is.
therefore, outside Of the power of the
conferes to eliminate these taxes. but
my personal belief is, and | cannot
speak as conferee. that legislation will
soon De enacted that will dispose of
this luxury tax problem to the salts
faction Of the thousands of business noo-
pie affected"