The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-11-22
rHn wAncHmar aNps ssonrnRoR. NovE1fBER as,.lsle.

sHTstsn, NovEMBlsIs s2s
. :. .....s. =. ..e.....
counts for theiF relatively small
tvieid.
4 Eut the Express variety possesses
ccrtain very ,y:tluablc qualities. Ia adj
.1ition to the length Of staple, it is
early, it fruits rapidly, producing
many fe,vera and setting, many bo4ls
within a giyel period during the
frritipg SEASON. In this respect it is
"a good variety from the boil weevil
standpoint. The problem r!ae:. r;as
Ito produce a type with larger bolls
and with "a higher Lat percentage.
fFor the other parent certain short sta
pie varieties. having these, qualities in
"a l1fssi, degree asWeI as having other
desirable characters were crossed With
Express. Subsequently we have $50
lated some very promising types from
;the mixed populations which resulted
from the grasses Through selection
and testing these: hybrid strain; a:tEc
proved fixed in type and their merit.
as compared with standard varieties.
has been demonstrated. It. has not
lbeen possible, Of course, to achieve
the ideal result of transferring. si.1la !
tered, the best qualities of eact par:
lent to the new type and Of completely
excluding the undesirable features
For instance. it viii never perhaps be
possible: to develop by hybrkaaation
la tfpe with very long stnple a7d a
high percentage ,of lint; But. this cor
lrefation can be and in our expert
nents has been broken to some ex-
tent.
?. We have produced two or three
TYPES which have nearly, If not quite,
as long lint as the Express parent, but
With very much higher lint percent
ages, though not as high as the short
staple parr1rt.. What W.. haze LOST IN
lint percentage, as compared with the
short parent, however, has been Offset
by 81 gain In the number OF bojJs:@ The
lint. Yields Of, the. new hybrid forms
proved last year to be practically as
good as the lint yield ofthe short sta
pie parent.
At the.same time. the length Of sta
pie Of the longer new types is nearly.
Iif. not fully, IS good as the Express
parent ana,> naturally, werth several
cents 4 pouna more than: a short
staple, >..,;z Z. -:
When. certain combination OF
characters is desired in new type
the most Favorable r. iod for ssecur77
ling the coD1b 1bination Is by :hybridiza-
1 ton of varieties ) which possess. the
characters .. .sepalately The s'trest
method rs. to. as,lre the pfsol,1enr .oni
in advance on the" basis OF gtaseti.:
principles and then work the pan. II
we depend entirely on the selection
Eof variations. which appear IN exist
ing varieties, then we iaanst depend. on
mature to produce the desired lerit-
Ialblc variation aid the selecto1: must
lcha,.ce to discover Il: The odds are
too. srong. AGAINST tllt:s t.99:se,sss;;::; Of
tsdch an. Undertaking whsaes7y, Tbs: Sos: :
sougbt is a radical denartnre from
any available type already in exist
tence: IT is true. that most OF our
:. commercial varieties have originated
tintthis sm:l,. Most of the1n. have been
liuttoducol BY farmers. n the. ;st
Eof short staple varieties, however.
with few e2cept;nns, h: ~ ~. i2:a-!
! tat.es. w:ft.;7 as: ss5I2.ci s:.:':,ss -
,: Most Of the progress !f the in
pforanent OF cotton in the future
tshosfl; be expected to come from
specialists Workihs .yaysteE1a ocally at
1.-The problem in State and Government
institutions. or working through Rri-
lvate< ageficies.: =
8 fst, les; irvoiyAl n tAe dc:
vqiat t,,;: e.:t os y;. is :s.. W.
nnerons, and, progress IS l!Sc.':s;s =; -.
.Hslpw. >. There is so much that we
I twGisd l:iSe. 10 haze in n new variety OF
I ;cettoal, that, . great ma ny factors
! n}nst r..cct.c attention. For example.
If wc are working with long staple
cet:e,a the. negative. correlation be-
tween length Of the staple and per- err
ceptase OF lint which i. have already
mentioned is sure to complicate mat
tiers For the breeder. No matter
; ;w,1ether we are working ON long or
}shcjt staple cotton a certain degree OF
resistance to plant diseases. .particu-
larly, cotton wilt and bon-rot: diseases.
must be paa;ntaiEed. F,of!s. nonsa he
large and relatively. stormpr2@f, hat
j easily picked. The plant must flower
Erapidly end the bolls must develop and
mature in a relatively short period,
for boil ;weevil conditions.
/: These arc some OF the qualities de
sired: by the grower. Since cotton is
srown..to be spun. we must consider
! the qualities which interest the spin
}ner, especially If we are dealing with
long staple cotton In:addition TO the
length Of the. staple. the. spinner
wants his cotton to have certain 9TH
ler qualities. Any cotton should be
.as free from waste as possible. The
finsr grades should be ab,se 20 produce
a s'rons yarn, whatever the. lint quail
tiles may be on. which strength OF
yarn depS,ds. Long staple cotton
should show .hneness. and .silkiness,
and above az: the. spi:arer tells- rs, ii
i must be. uniform.
Or an these Qua litfes. length .ard