davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
VOTE OF CONFIDENCE
FOR RED CROSS ASKED
Thanksgiving Victory Roll Call So
Designated by Mr.. Clark, Ad-
dressing Women.

The approaching nation wide Thanks
giving victory roll call of the Ameri-
can Red Cross was described as a re-
quest for vote of confidence by the
American people by c. S. Clark. exec
utive secretary of the national drive.
speaking before fifty women. repre-
senting the various auxiliaries of the
uniformed corps of the District chan
ter yesterday afternoon at District
of Columbia headquarters. 1920 Con-
necticut avenue. Membership of the
American people. generally, in the
Red Cross, declared the speaker. will,
mean their faith in the organization.
Miss Margery Lower. chairman of
the uniformed corps, presided, and an
nounced the aims of the local cam
paign as the display of a Red Cross
flag by every house in the District
and the wearing of a 1920 member
ship button by every resident thereof
by November II. the date set for the
end of the drive. Mrs. Montgomery
Blair, who conducted the class in
Surgical dressings during the war at
local headquarters, appealed on be-
half of the maintenance of her spe-
cial activity.
Volunteer members of the uniformed
corps who are willing to assist in the
coming campaign are urgently re-
auested to send their names, ad-
dresses and telephone numbers at
once to Miss Lower at 1920 Connec-
ticut avenue. Among those in the
audience who promised their individ-
ual support were Mrs. Thomas r.
Marshall, Mrs Newton D. Baker, Miss
E. Baker, Mrs. Ida NJ. Galloway and
the Misses Edith and Abby Mccain
mon, who served six months overseas
with the Red Cross.
Headquarters for the local roll call.
of which Thomas Bell Sweeney will
have charge as chairman, will be
onened Monday at 1913 H street
northwest The next meeting of the
roll call committee. however, will be
held Monday morning at IL o'clock at
1920 Connecticut avenue.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
CUMMINGS CONVICTED;
HIS EXECUTION ORDERED
Jury's Decision on Death of George
Peters, Bowie Farmer, Reached
49,. in Thre Minutes.

George Cummings, co1ored alias
George Straughter. accused of the
murder of George Peters, a farmer,
near Bowie. Prince Georges county,
Md. August ,27, was convicted by a
jury before Judge Fillmore Beall, In
the circuit court at Upper Marlboro
yesterday, and was sentenced to be
hanged.
Cummings, or Straughter. also was
alleged to have shot Miss Peters.
daughter of the slain farmer, several
times and to have set fire to the
Peters house. The daughter has re-
covered.
The verdict of guilty was agreed
upon three minutes after the jury
retired. though the jury remained out
about fifteen minutes
When George w. Rawlings, foreman
OF the jury, announced the verdict
Cummings face assumed a rather
frightened expression, but aside from
"a realization of his position.
Judge Beall, after telling Cummings
that every safeguard that the law
provides for his protection was ac-
sentence. which was that he be placed
in the custody of the sheriff of the
county until such time as the govern
or of the state designates for his
eAeCuIlOH, anu tDdt WHen CQdL time
arrives he be taken to the yard of
the Jail in Upper Marlboro, and
hanged by the neck until dead.
Asked by the judge if he had any
thing to say why sentence should not
be pronounced. Cummings, in a voice
that was heard all over the court
room, declared that he realized il
was useless for him to protest his
innocence; that he could not remem-
Der the names of the men he met al
Jericho Park, near the Peters home
the afternoon of the murder, but thai
he could take the officers to the homes
of the men. He asked mercy of the
court and people.
After Judge Beall had sentenced
the negro he was led from the court.
room by Sheriff BeaIl. Deputy. Sheriff
Garrison and several Washington
detectives, and taken to the county
Jail, where he will be confined unit
executed.
The Cummings case was the frs
since Judge Beall has been on the
bench in which he has had to i'm.
pose the death sentence.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
COAL MINES AND IDLE LAND.
The Problem of Prices and Indus
trial Discomfort.

AZ the Lultor OIL The Star:
The utter impossibility of comply
ing with the alternative demand of
the United Mine Workers-that gov
eminent take over the privately own
ed coal deposits and compensate the
owners and operate the mines-is
shown by the following:
The latest official estimate is that
we nave about six trillion tons of
coal in the ground. Probably two
thirds is privately owned. Before
the war the royalty averaged about
lO cents per ton. Lately, however,
the owners return has been over a
dollar ton. Under the practice of
compensation allowed. OF course, it
would. be impossible to pay the own
ers four trillion dollars or even four
hundred billion dollars.
Even if the worked mines only
were taken over and the extortionate
royalty lately earned" werel allowed,
while the miners might be placated
by 60 per cent wage increase, the
burden on the consumers would not
be lessened-it might be even great
err. But it isequite certain that even
that wage increase would not ulti-
mately beneft the miners. because
rising prices would absorb all benefit.
In this crisis there is but one thing
to do to bring relief and restore con-
ditions to normal, and that is to take
away the power now possessed by
some to restrict production, which is
the means by which prices are raised
and kept up. They have this power
because the lands from which COM
modities are drawn are so expensive
that there is no profit in engaging in
new production.
The only thing that can bring
quick and permanent relief to con-
sumers and avert the disaster that is
imminent and which will certainly
break unless conditions are so changed
is for Congress to forthwith enact a
law declaring that the holding of
lands out of use is against public
policy and unlawful, and imposing a
penalty therefor. and providing that
failure to pay such penalty forthwith
shall forfeit title. and then providing
that free access to any lands SO for
feited shall be granted to any who
undertake to produce theiefrom or
apply them to their best use.
Which is it to be-war or peace;
anarchy or the enjoyment of life;
every man a friend of every other,
or class war, with all it's horrors
next week or next month?
No quack remedy heretofore pro-
posed has done or can do anything
c. B. HEMINGWAY.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
Federation OF WOMEN'S
CLUBS TO MEET MONDAY
Program Of Activities for Ensuing
Year to Be Placed Before
the Members.


The District of Columbia Fedora
ton of Womens Clubs will hold its
first meeting of the club year Monday
afternoon at o'clock in the board
room of the District building. A busy
year for the organization has been
planned by Mrs. Howard L. Hodgkins,
the new president, who has spent
much time in conference with forty or
more chairmen of departments and
committees recently elected. Many
of those who have served the fedora
ton in the past as well as those who
are giving active assistance for the
first time, are displaying such coop
GRAFTON that bespeaks only of a sue
cessful year. The District fedora ton
has grown to include about thirty
clubs and has a membership of more
than 5000, all of which will be COM
piled in a large directory, according
TO the plans of the new president. At
the meeting Monday reports will be
given by the delegates who attended
the biennial convention. which met in
Asheville. n. c..
Mrs. Hodgkins has been the presi-
dent and treasurer of the board of
lady managers of the hospital con-
nected with George Washington Uni
versity. president of the Columbia n
Women. and has served on many COM
mittees of the d. A r. At present she
is the recording secretary of the Ma
tional Officers Club. Her other club
affiliations include the W. C. T. L. and
the Colonial Danes. In her work as
chairman of the d. A. r. war relief
service committee she attended to the
work in connection with the adop-
ton of more than 5000 French war
orphans, which entailed an expendi-
ture of $4,000. Judgment of eco
nomic questions has been constantly
before her while she was a member
of the Peoples Cooperative League
and the Consumers League
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
DAYLIGHT SAVING WILL END
TOMORROW MORNING AT 9
Expert at United States Naval Observa-
tory Tells How Time Is Regulated
for All Sections.

oally at am, noon. and 6 pm. AS
the observatory promised the signals
Tree OF charge to any installing the
connections necessary for receiving,
the telegraph companies almost i'm
mediately began using the daily noon
signals. By 1877 their use was so
widespread that the Western Union
company prepared circular giving
United States of over 10000 popula-
ton would be supplied with Naval
Observatory time signals.
Up to March /. 1884. the signals
We're sent on Washington local noon.
AS local time was generally used it
was necessary to apply troublesome
correction FURNISHED, however. by
the Naval Observatory in setting a
clock in another city by the observa-
tory signal. Standard time was adopt
ed on that date and subsequent sig
nails sent at noon. eastern time. With
the adoption of standard time and
the elimination of troublesome cor
rections the use of the signals rapidly
increased. Now they can be heard
each day in almost any telegraph Of
flee east of the Rocky mountains The
observatory signals were first sent
out by wireless in 1905 They can
now be heard regularly in Europe,
and their Importance to navigators is
such that more attention is given to
the wireless than the Geographic sig
nails.
Personally, the men now connected
with the sending of the Naval Obser-
vatory signals are probably more in
terested in simplifying the present
time system than in daylight saving
Daylight saving is hardly simpli-
fication. Before the Introduction of
standard time a station of Importance
would probably have three clocks,
one showing time on trains going
west. one showing local time and one
showing time on eastbound trains
Standard time was a long step in the
right direction. But is it enough?
One astronomer says: DO you think
they use twentyfour different times
on Mars?" Prof. Porter of Cincinnati
has been advocating the adoption of
ninetieth meridian time as american
time" one time throughout the United
States. With daylight saving and
shift of time zones people are al
ready accustomed to practically the
difference from local time this would
necessitate. When it seems our coun-
try can be crossed in one days flying,
and with our present methods of
transportation and communication.
such step, doing away with all time
zones. should at least be seriously
considered.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
HEADS SANITATION DIVISION
Prof. G. c. Whipple Appointed to
Red Cross Position.

Prof. George C. Whipple of Harvard
University, widely known as an au-
thority on water supply and formerly
deputy commissioner of the American
Red Cross commission to Siberia,
fas been appointed director of the
division of sanitation in the bureau
of hygiene of the League of Red
Cross Societies.
He will at once begin organizing
this new and important work, de-
signed as sort of international
health department and clearing house
for the international exchange of
public health information. He will
be assisted by Col. Francis F. Long
ley. U. S. A. formerly head of the
water supply regiment of the A. E. F.,
as associate director.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
BY CHARLES CLAYTON wYLIE.
Chief of the Time Service of the Unit
ed States Naval Observatory.

ed States Naval Observatory.
The daylight saving experiment
comes to an official end at o'clock
tomorrow morning. AS the United
States Naval Observatory furnishes
time for the country east of the
Rocky mountains. a natural Inference
might be that at o'clock the stand
be turned back one hour. Such. how
ever. will not be the case. Daylight
saving has not disturbed these clocks
in the least. The standard clocks,
three in number and of the most ac-
curate type known. are kept at con-
slant temperature in an underground
vault. They are sealed in bell jars.
from which the air is partially ex-
hausted. and are wound automatically
by electricity. In general the as
tronomers are extremely fussy in car
ing for these clocks and would be
Mortified at any suggestion of break
ing the alright seals to disturb the
clocks in any way. much less push
the hands around an hour. But as
they show sidereaI. or star time
question was not raised
Astronomers base their time on OBJ
servations of the stars because they
give greater accuracy than is posi- BILE
with the sun. The dazzling light and
heat of the sun raise difficulties which
will be appreciated to some extent
by those who have viewed an eclipse.
1t may be added that at times in the
year the sun is about quarter of an
hour slow of mean time and at other
times that much fast. Stars from a Sc
1e%ted list are observed regularly
at the United States Naval Obssrva-
tory and whatever small error the
standard clocks are found to have
is allowed for in setting another
clock on correct mean time. The time
signals are the "tick" Of this care
fully set clock transmitted electrical
ly: In May. 1913, it was found that the
tick of a clock in the Naval OBJ
servatory could be telegraphed to
Oregon in one-fifth of second. or
the interval between the ticks of an
ordinary watch.
AS far back as 1855 the people of
the District of Columbia received
accurate time from the Naval OBJ
servatory through the fire alarm of
fee Telegraphic signals from the OBJ
would strike the fire bells
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
REMEDIES URGED
IN H. c. |. FIGHT
Cooperative Buying, Suf-
frage Study Suggested to
Federal Employees.

Cooperative buying as means of
reducing the high cost of living and
a close study of the question of suf-
frage in some form as a means of
bringing about better conditions in
washington for the army of federal
and District government EMPLOYEES
was advocated strongly last night by
John S. Beach of the Interior no,
partment. the newly elected president
OF the Federal Employees Union, No.
at the quarterly meeting of that
organization. at Pythian Temple,
when the officers of the union were
installed
Mr.. Beach urged the members of the
organization actively to participate
IN the movement of community center
and citizens associations as a means
all lines
Senator Arthur Capper of Kansas
announced his support of collective
bargaining and cooperative buying,
cost of living. a civil service retire.
ment law that will give to the gov
eminent employees some share of JUS
nee the minimum wage bill and the
Kenyon bill that seeks to regulate
the big packing industry
senator Capper is the author of the
Dill for cooperative buying in the
District of Columbia. He said that
ne ndd peen moved 10 present such
a bill in Congress by reason of the
success with which the movement had
met among the farmers of his state
w. Carson Ryan. jr.. the retiring
president. VINO had declined re-elec-
ton. installed the newly elected Off
GERS as follows: President, John S.
Beach. Interior Department: first vice
president, James c. Blackwell, War De-
partment; second vice president. DIR.
p. G. Agnew, Commerce Department;
third vice president, Thomas r. Man
ming. Interior Department.; fourth
vice president. Mrs. Luella PoindeXter,
War Risk Bureau: fifth vice president.
Mrs. Adele c. Guthridge, Agriculture
Department.; secretary treasurer.
Van A. Zahn, Treasury Department.
recorder, Mrs. Hilda Graft, Agricul-
ture Department. and guardian, Har-
ry j. MCGOWAN, government printing
office
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
Perplexing Problem.

The problem o. improving a race
of human beings is 4 most perplexing
one to handle. The process of i'm.
provement must be slow where the
forces concerned act from within and
are not amenable to control from
without Under the best conditions
it would require several generations
to produce sensible results but in the
United States we have, in the new
blood introduced from abroad. an inn
portant means of improvement that
will act more quickly and that ia
eminently susceptible to control. All
the nations of the world have been
contributing elements to our popula-
ton, and we have now, and now ONLY
the opportunity of studying the
process of absorption before il is com
plete.
THE grand spectacle is presented
to our eyes of new people being
gradually evolved in the United States
by the mingling together of the diff
ferent races of the world in VARYING
proportions. 1t is of the ereatesf
consequence to us that the final re-
suit should be the evolution of a
higher and nobler type, of man in
America, and not deterioration Of the
nation.
ITO this end the process of evo1u-
ton should be carefully studied. and
then controlled by suitable imm;era-
ton laws tending to eliminate unde-
sirable clinical elements and to
stimulate the admission of elements
assimilated readily by our population
and that tend to raise the standard of
manhood here"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
REPORT IS AGAINST BERGER,
Committee of House Recommends
= Refusal to Seat Him.

Refusal to seat Victor Berger in
congress was recommended by the
special investigating committee of
the House in formal report made
yesterday. 1t was also recommended
that Joseph F. Carney, the demo-
cratic contestant, be not seated be-
cause he had not received a majority
OF the votes and that a new election
be ordered.
Berger is drawing his salary as a
member of the House, although he is
under conviction for violation of the
espionage law. There was only one
vote dissenting from the committee.
report. Representative Rodenberg, .e-
publican, of Illinois. filed a minority
report recommending delay.
Republican Leader Mondell an
nounced that House action on the
committee report would be, the last
business before the Adjournment of
the special session, consideration of
the report consuming all of the
House session on November 10.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
FAV0RS ETHN|CAL
SURVEY OF THE i. S.
Dr.. Alexander Graham Bell
Writes of Its Need to
Geographic Society.

"Why should not Congress provide
for an clinical survey of the people of
the United States?
I'VE should have definite and reli-
able information concerning those
foreign elements which are beneficial
to our people and those which are
harmful"
Because the world war has stemmed
the tide of foreign immigration, CIV
ing the United States an unprece-
dented opportunity to formulate a
fixed policy for future immigration
control. this suggestion by DIR. Alex
andAr Graham Bell is timely. accord
ing to a bulletin from the National
Geographic Society.
Usually the problem of immigration
has been Considered only from it's i'm
mediate economic aspect. but, accord
ing to DIR. Bell, one of the worlds
foremost authorities on eugenics i'm
migration has an important bearing
on our entire social and racial fabric.
In a communication to the society he
explains:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
The OTHER ANGLE
7-Cent Fares.
BY KIRK MILLER.
BY KIRK MILLER.

Public Utilities Commission has I'M
raveled a problem in high finance. 1t
now stands a chap cents to ride
home to supper. Under the new car
fare menu the same bird can teie-
phone that he will not be home for
supper and have cents left to buy
supper down town.
That's the only way on earth or un-
der it to get even with the car gents.
Four tickets for two bits will en-
title the unlucky holder thereof to
everything on the traction bill of fare
except the electric light bulbs.
Best the government will do is to
give you one war savings coupon for
quarter Nice, kind, benevolent. be-
whiskered car OWNERS will give y'u
four coupons for that same disc
Zone system got knocked for a
clothesline full of tides. The uncul-
tured might intimate 1t was knocked
to the torrid zone.
Evenrso, a lot of our tax dodgers are
going to continue to walk. Company
can't entice us into walking by max
ing us think that rides are now worth
Z cents. IL they boosted them to 20
megs lot of US would still fiag-dog it
to and fro. possibly little more to
than fro.
Telephone works ought to get rich
off of the new street car fricasSe. Used
to be a toss-up with wrens and rob-
ms where they could buy the = most
indignation for nickel Some would
choosesa telephone booth to get sore
in and others leaned toward a pay
as-you- enter and suffer later"
No question now, though. but what
nickel neatly injected into a slot
box Will purchase greater amount of
chagrin than cents tossed at naph-
tha-burning street launch.
Motormen and conductors also in
hale an increase of cents an hour.
That is the only gravy in the soup
that appeases the feelings of the in
discriminating public. OF that gen.
erous bonus the patrons have no fault
to find with the company in that they
couldn't have done less.
Faithful motorman who lodges tax
icabs, women and children ten hours a
day gets 80 cents extra for not letting
tracks. Conductor who counts couEle
of hundred dollars a week in nickels
and dimes without letting any pewter
quarters creep into the kitty and
without going blind at the sight of SO
much kale, knocks off cents an hour
additional for not knocking down any
transfers.
And what do they do with their ex-
ira Spence an hour? Every banker
in town will be logging them around
their routes to secure their deposits.
Every promoter not already retired
from selling Texas oil stock will be
squandering seven cents just to get a
chance to talk business with the crew.
Those signs on the motorman's plat
form would never stymie a stock
salesman.
When the car companies put all
round wheels on their f1ivvers and
start charging the conductor for rid
ing, then the crazy quilt will be COM
plete.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
PERU'S LABOR DELEGATES.
Embassy Notified of Appointees for
Conference Here,

! The Peruvian embassy has been in
formed that the following have been
named as delegates to the interna.
tional labor conference which meets
here next Wednesday,: For the gov
eminent Eduardo Higginson, consul
general of Peru at New York, and
Senior, Preyost,y Mereyra, 2, prominent
agent of Peru in the United States;
for the employers, Vincente Gonzales
Bazo, an authority on economic mat
tiers. and for labor. Victor A. Pujazon.
president of the Peruvian delegation
to the recent pan-American labor con-
ference.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-25
ORDNANCE MEN HONORED.
Distinguished Service Medals for
Eight Chiefs of Districts.

Assistant Secretary of War Bene-
dict Crowell presented distinguished
service medals to eight officials of
the Army ordnance department at the
first meeting of the Army Ordnance
Association at Aberdeen, Md. yester-
day
Those receiving the medals were:
George ]. Roberts. New York; John C.
Jones. Philadelphia: r. NJ bravo,
Pittsburgh; Fred J. Robinson. De-
troit: c. l.. Harrison, Cincinnati: NJ
L Singleton, ST. Louis; Z. A. Russell,
Chicago. and B. A. Franklin, Bridge
port
The recipients were all district
chiefs of the Observation-Disclosures
FORMED at the beginning of the war
when 1t became necessary to deceR-
traIize the work at Washington in
arder to facilitate production of war
material.