davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

use of military force if there is better
way. I propose to find that better way. I
shall listen to "a committee of prisoners.
If this is surrender, let them make the
most of it,"
1 felt that he had reached a momentous
decision. A moment later / realized just
how courageous his decision was. An officer
of Colonel Rce's staff stopped me and said:
"Do you know how to settle this mu-
tiny?"
"No," | answered.
"Well, I do" he snapped. Il could settle
it in seventy-two hours. I'd lock every
prisoner in his cell and I'd. starve him.
that's what I'd do. In three days every one
of em would be crawling to me on their
bellies, begging to be allowed to work A
week'd see them. I'm plumb disguised with
this pusillanimous way of handling a bunch
Of criminals
The committee met with the commandant
and several other officers at $3.50 that
ternoon. When the seventeen prisoners
HaIcHeu lnIO LHe room COlOnel klCo asked
them if they had a spokesman. Simons
stepped forward. He said:
"Sir, on behalf of the general prisoners
confined in this barracks | am authorized
to present to you the following statement
of demands, which | shall read:
eve, the men now confined in the e. S.
D. B., Fort Leavenworth, Kan, having been
convicted by courts martial, present the
following as essential for the restoration
of normal conditions:
u. That the comnandant Immediately
release from solitary confinement all men
now there for having participated in this
movement from its beginning, and that he
promise that no man involved in this move
ment shall be punished Disseminated
against in the future for his part in it,
80. That the following telegram be sent
to the Secretary Of War at once: Cen
eral prisoners confined in the U. S. D. B.,
Fort Leavenworth, petition, with approval
! of commandant for amnesty to all convicted
| by courts-martial Senators Chamberlain
and Borah, American Bar Association and
public opinion generally declare sentences
unjust and amnesty the proper redress
Our release is just as urgent as that of the
113 conscientious DIRECTORS recently dis
charged. Democratic military justice re-
quires amnesty (Signed) Prisoners Gem
eral Committee elected at request of off,
GERS"
! 49, That tho commandant recognize a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16
Stones From the
JuraSSiC Seas

Among other things this schoolboy
learned that chalk or slate rock is the
country rock over wide regions of the earth,
and notably in Western Europe Our
American boys who are fighting in Northern
France will be able to tell US, when they
come back, a great deal about the practical
qualities of both for the trenches in large
part of Picardy and Champagne are cut in
chalk; while further to the west, in the
valley of the Meuse around Verdun and as
far as Nancy, the lines run over the slate
and limestone formations of the "Jurassic
period" or the time, millions and millions
of years ago, when the sea invaded great
areas of Europe, Asia and Western North
America, and the prevailing form of life
was the reptile which lived in the sea- This
the period, scientists also believe, when
birds made their first appearance.
Many of the animals of the Jurassic
period were of great size. In the chalk
formations which remain from these times
fossils are common. Fossils are the pre-
served remains, impressions or traces of
animals or plants of past ages. They tell
wonderful things about the history of the
earth to scientists who know how to inter
pref their meaning. Sometimes fossils occur
in vast numbers, crowded together in the
rock. And indeed the chalk itself is made
up, or was originally composed of, the re-
mains of minute organisms, tiny shells and
spicules (needle-lke bodes) that can be
seen only under the microscope.
The larger fossils, shells of molluscs, sea
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16
Skeleton of Hespeorns huge bird which long

school work. 1t doesn't appear just what
had stimulated his interest. He may have
been reading some of Huxley's interesting
natural history lectures.
Anyway, "Pd like to see some of the
natural history things of chalk and slate"
he said to one Of the Museum attendants
The attendant told him of the grotesque
carvings of the Eskimos on boxes and totem
poles Of slate. "No,7 said the boy, 9" want
things found in the earth," and he was so
eager and earnest to find his specimens that
he was referred to DR.. Matthew in person.
The little chap spent a wonderful after
noon, one that he will remember all his
life. Yet any one may see all that he saw
and very much more, though DR.. Matthew
would seldom be able to give his personal
direction to the search.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

no authority could withstand the power of
a united body of men. Efforts, he said,
would be made to separate them.
"Whcn the officials come to take you
out of your Wings" he shouted "use no vio-
lcnce. Whether they take you out to-
gether, in groups or singly, 80 quietly into
the yard. Once there refuse to work. VIC
lencc accomplishes nothing. Solidarity ac-
composites all things. The watchword of
the worklngman throughout the world to-
day is solidarity. Say nothing, do nothing.
but stand like this" The speaker folded
his arms. "a man who commits no overt
act but stands like this, is immovable"
AS he spoke | thought of the thousand
soldiers outside. l thought of the thick
walls that shut these men in, and of the
barred doors between them and their fell
lows. | wondered what was the mvstor;or.
power by which the speaker and his lie
teners thought they could control tbor
own destinles. There seemed grim and
tragic humor IN the situation of these m.
turned faces, eagerly drinking in The word,
OF their interpreter. wondered if eithor
ne or they fully sensed the dire noss;b1;
'ies tha1 seemed so imminent to me.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16
(Contlnued from page one)

no sense leader of these men. can
speak for myself however, and I think'--
here he raised his voice so that he could
be heard throughout the yard-"I think l
speak for many others in these silent
ranks when 1 say that our object in thus
seeming to oppose authority is that this is
the only way in which we can make articu-
late our demand to know what is to become
Of US. What, sir, is the government going
to do with us?
81 am a Conscientious objector real
ize tina. in thus separating myself from
this mass ! make myself marked man
among your officers I am willing to do
this, sir. If / can enlighten you, and
through you others, in regard to the mean
ing Of this protest. Ny own sentence hap
pens to be twenty years, but my case is
only one. There are hundreds. Of men IN
this prison bearing sentences Of fifteen,
twenty and twenty-five years Il am not
now speaking Of objectors only) who were
new to military method and requirements,
and who committed offences for which the
peace time judgments would be only few
months. or az most two or three years. Are
these men 70 remain here for the rest Of
their lives?
Sir, the armistice was signed nearly
three months ago. The war is over The
government has already released 10 Of our
fellows. Has it not had time 10 investi-
gate the justice Of other claims? You
ask, cir, what are our grievances. an
swer that .his is our grievance. These
men, rs read them, intend no violence.
You see them here with their arms folded,
refusing TO work. That is the method Of
their protest. We ask, and we ask of you
because you are the one Immediately in
authority over as, what is our future? N
the remarks you have just made you have
cleared the air more than in your talks
Yesterday in the wings. A. least we may
now guess where you stand. But we rec
ognize that your authority Is limited. And
We wjsn our protest and our inquiry to be
carried over these walls and TO reach the
seat Of authority In Washington. We ask
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16
A MOnenf0us
Decision

returned to the prison Offices with this
question in my mind. There learned that
colonel Rice, after sleepless NIGHT had
made up his mind. He called mo into bic
once and asked me to sit down. con,d
see at once that his struggle had been in
tense. He went quickly to the heart Of b;s
decision. He had enough force at bis
command, he said, to compel obedience
from every prisoner. mo one knows bet-
ter than H. he declared, what this might
mean, 1t might mean violence and it might
mean bloodshed. If these men were mere-
~ mutinous, l should not hesitate. But
This Is no ordinary prison uprising These
men have some justification, much iustif
cation, for their feeling Of discomfort.
know the approved military method Of
handling this situation; but I know. too
that we are in a changed world to-day.
The American people do not stand for the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16
X ansaS the Home
OF the MOsaSaur

On the fourth floor of the Museum, at
the head of the stairway near the elevator,
Is a nearly complete skeleton of one OF
these great reptiles of the Cretaceous
period. 1t is from the chalk beds of West
crn Kansas and is one of the mosasaurs-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

permanent grievance committee to be
elected by the men; and that this commit
tee shall have the right to discuss with the
authorities such improvements of conditions
as seem in the committees judgment to be
desirable "
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

this question and we adopt this method re-
cause we are prisoners and because this is
the only method known to US"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

This gives a total estimate of the tim.
which has passed since the Paleozoic era
of from $4,000, 900 to 0000, 900 Years and
biologists record eras still earlier than the
Paleozoic, which brings the possible age Of
the earth around a billion years.
On the basis of the above estimates our
mosasaur lived some eighty million years
ago, while the ichthyosaurus lived about
one hundred and fifty million years ago.
These figures are startling, although it il
improbable that they can be grasped by
even the most extraordinary human minds
To most of US they may at best serve
to give a greater balance and clearer per-
spective in considering the development Of
our earth and the evolution of its life
Professor Henry Fairfield Osborn, Of the
American Museum, honorary curator Of
vertebrate paleontology, is not convinced
by the radium estimates, which multiply
the age of the earth from five to seven times
beyond the geological estimates. Professor
Jolly, of the University Of Dublin, who re-
Gently visited this country Oh the British
Educational Mission, pointed out TO him
that there are not only great discrepancies
in the radium calculations, but that the ey-
dence based upon radioactive substances
points in the opposite direction, that is, tow
ard the more conservative figure of 1907
100000 years based on geological evidence.
Thus the pendulum of the scientist
swings backward and forward, ard the
layman is apt to become confused Ger.
tanly from the standpoint of evolution Of
plants and animals. and the millions Of
years required to produce the extraordinary
fossils of the chalk and slate, we are dis.
posed to make very large drafts upon the
bank of time. Our schoolboy may have
known that Professor Poulton, of Oxford,
leading disciple of Charles Darwia, claimed
that 400,00o,o00 years was none too much
time to allow for the marvellous transform
atoms of animal life that have taken place
on the earth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

estimates the lengths of the later eeo.
logical periods as follows:
Age of Man 49, (Pleistocene y. IL
Age of Mammals (Tertiary <.
- '''0'' VCi.'"'eouS J.. s5-l25
\Jurassic
Coal Era )Triassic
Permian ..u0--1S0
Pennsylvania
NMississippian
Age of Fishes & s SevQn'an
Invertebrates. Ordoviciar 25o-aSo
(Paleozoic era) Cam uIs'I.a"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-16

~T\RANKLY, I sdestep the ques-
~ ton Of how old is the e, earth"
h said DR.. William D. Matthew,
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

directly affect the home and its in
terests, particularly the extension
departments of the university and
the state college, the home demon
stration agents, the child welfare re-
search station at the state university
and the Perkins and Haskell-Klaus
laws which permit free medical and
hospital care at the university hospi-
tai at Iowa City for INDECENT people,
both children and adults.
Secondly, the club is endorsing the
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11
CHEAP POLITICS

The Republican Publicity Asso-
citation, through its president, Hon.
Jonathan Bourne, Jr., Monday gave
out the following statement from its
Washington headquarters
":The general public may not
realize that the proceedings in the
Truman H. Newberry case are, to
say the least, unusual. The re-
markable part of the whole affair is
the fact that the case is brought by
the federal government. The rule
heretofore has been for the contest
ant to fight the matter out and then
for the senate committee to base its
findings in an investigation of its
own. But in Senator Newberry's
case the senate investigation will
wait until the case is decided in
court.
Either a decided attempt has
been made to conceal the fact that
the same charge was made against
Ford that was made against New
berry, or else that fact has been
forgotten. Nevertheless such is
the case and while the federal
agents are working night and day
against Newberry they have paid no
attention whatever to the charges
against Ford. The charge in both
cases was expending more money
than the federal statute permits.
"The suggestion which natural
ly arises is this a new form of po-
litical corruption where the party in
power with the massive machinery
of government at beck and call turns
that power and wealth against an
enemy and at the same time ignores
all charges against a friend, al
though the friend is in the same
boat. II will be remembered that
Henry Ford's candidacy was an
Wilson and everything within pow
err was done by the administration
to elect the Detroit manufacturer.
While Ford had been an advocate of
pacifism and while he talked against
the war and while his son was ex-
empted from service. Truman III.
Newberry was serving his country
in its hour of need and his two
sons were in the thick of the fight.
"The defeat of Ford was undoubt-
eddy a severe blow to Mr.. Wilson and
a great disappointment to his fol-
lowers II meant the control of
the senatel In order apparently to
wreak vengeance, a disappointed adj
ministration now attempts to use
the federal government to bring
about the desired results. The peo-
pie can demand justice, and justice
will be demanded. II one must be
tried, let both contestants be tried.
LET us have the story of the
Ford machine and the millions spent
for his election. Let us have the
story of the influence brought to
bear from the white house and every
other source of the federal govern
ment. II there is to be fight on
the issue let it be fair and in the
open"
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

w. J. Kennedy who attended the
international live stock show in
Chicago last week, returned home
Saturday. He said it was the
greatest show he had ever attended
and was greatly pleased with the at
traction. Enroute home he met his
sister-in-law, Miss Anna Petersen.
who watson her way from Washing
ton, ID. c., to Audubon to spend her
holiday vacation with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. X. J. Petersen.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

our history 1t looks to me as If we
are without a president, unless Sec
rotary Tumulty could be called the
head of the nation, and from all
appearances 1t looks as II he was the
only one taking any action. If the
situation keeps up it may be neces-
sary for congress to take some ac-
ton to find out whether or not Mr..
Wilson is in a flint condition to be at
the head of our country"
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11
ECONOMICS
FOR WoMEN's CLUBS

The work of the home economics
department of the Iowa Federation
of Women's Clubs has been outlined
for the year by Prof. Ruth A. War
dali of the University of Iowa, chair
man of the committee in charge.
Miss Wardall sets forth two prin-
clpal sorts of information regard
ing important agencies already es-
tablished by the state of Iowa, which
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

w. j. Dixon, president of the
Dixon Lumber Co., who has been
spending part of his time in Cali
fornia, but recently returned to his
home in Des Moines, spent the latter
part of the week in the city with w.
]. Laubender, local manager of the
Dixon Lumber Co. This is the
first visit he has made to Ahdubon
in several months but as usual
found everything moving along in
the same satisfactory way.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

national thrift movement to which
club women can give concrete form
by the study and operation of house
hold accounts, the budget system,
and the study of special food
budget, outlines of which will be
furnished on request.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

Chas. Petersen was in the city for
an over Sunday visit with friends,
returning on Monday to his home in
Manning.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

NJ. ]. Hickey of Manning was in
the city the fore part Of the week
looking after some business mat
tiers.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1919-12-11

has been
raj weeks
erests, re-
He says
there and
! his farm
was offer
He may
en- he left
tile snow
state line
quantity
lican.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1919-07-27
DISADVANTAGE TO
AMERICAN FIRMS
in SOUTH AMERICA

RIO DE JANElRO. Brazil, JIly
rs. North American shin owrcrs are
placing themselves and North Amori-
can business concerns mt a disahvan-
tagc with their European competitors
here because their agents m this city
are not actually representatives Of
United States concerns, according to
the American Chamber Of Commerce
for Brazil.
This body recently appointed 4
committee under the craftsmanship Of
Acting Consul General EIasskarl to
investigate the shipping situation as
il affects North American business.
The committee reported that by lcav-
ing to the discretion Of ship captains
the selection Of agents, North Ameri-
can owners have been heavily over
charged for repairs and other neces-
sites i'm this port and that eventually
this expenditure falls on the shipper.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1919-07-27
LORD COWDRAY GIVES
A MILLION PESOS TO
A MEXICAN HOSPITAL

The following article appeared I'm
the English section Of I'll Heraldo de
Mexico Of the issue Of June 20:
Viscount and Viscountess Cowdray
have donated one million pesos to be
used in building, equipping and en-
dowing new hospital here. This
information came yesterday IN cable
from Lord Cowdray which was re-
ceivcd by Mr.. David Muirhead. Pres
ident Of the British Society Of Mex
leo. Work on the new hospital will
begin very soon. as the construction
plans have already been worked out
and approved.
The cable message received by Mr..
Muirhead read as follows:
20 London "A X.
David Muirhead, President British
Society. Mexico.
ViscountesS Cowdray and self af-
ter discussion with Mrs. Adams and
Architect Johnson have much salts
faction and pleasure in advising col
ony through you that we will donate
one million pesos for construction,
equipment and endowment Of new
Cowdray Hospital.
COWDRAY.
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1919-07-27
SCHOOL LEGISLATION
PASSED BY SESSION OF
TEXAS LEGISLATURE

Several measures Of Importance TO
the public schools were passed at the
recent special session Of the legis-
lature.
One Of these Is intended to relieve
q peculiar school situation resulting
in the drouth districts of West Tex
as. Many families who had moved
from these sections on account Of the
pTotracted drouth have returned to
their homes since the school census
was taken IN May. Consequently, a
number Of West Texas schools will
find themselves with hundreds of
children who were not enrolled i'm
the May census in their counties,
consequently depriving their home
district Of the state fund apportion-
ed to these children. This law pro
vides that, under emergency condi-
tIons, the state apportionment Of a
child may be transferred from any
county an the state to any other coun-
tn with the approval Of the state sup
erintcndent Of public instruction.
These transfers must bC made by the
fifteenth Of August. School super
intendents will 10 requested "a send
lists Of such children to the state de-
partment or education, and the names
Of those entitled e have their funds
transferred will bc sent to the school
suncrintcndcnts Of the counties i'm
~ ed. Action m this matter must
bc prompt, ~ these transactions must
be completed ~ the fifteenth ~ Aug
ust barely three weeks.
Another bill provides that, IN dis
tricts ia which the state owns rs
much ~ ten per cent Of the taxable
property, schools may bc granted
state aid if il is shown To be ncCcs-
sary regardless of the scholastic en-
rollmcnt.
Two other bills make much needed
provisions for the consolidation of IN
independent school district with an
other independent school district IN
a city OF town and for the consoli-
dation Of common school district.
with Independent school districts. The
law makes provision for the difficult
ties in regard to bonded indebtedness
Of these districts difficulties which
in the past, have frequently prevent
Cd consolidation.
One Of the most important meas
ures passed requires all persons EN-
Brownsville herald. [volume] (Brownsville, Tex.) 1910-current, 1919-07-27
RIVER REPORTED STILL
AT ONE O'CLOCK TODAY

After reaching what is said to be
one Of the highest levels known here.
the Rio Grande was at standstilI at
] o'clock this morning, and danger Of
bad flood conditions were apparently
passed, unless, Of course, the San
Juan river in Mexico should have an
other unexpected rise. The levees on
both sides of the river are reported
TO be holding against the strain of
the current.
Although this river went out over
the banks in several places no great
inundation was reported, and most
Of the breaks were repaired immed-
lately. The city and railroad COM
pany each have had force of men
working and watching the levee. City
Manager Anderson and City Engineer
Spencer were personally supervising
the forces employed by the city.
The mules In the corral at Fort
Brown were removed to higher
ground at midnight as the resaca had
backed up until the water covered
the ground. However, no damage is
reported to have occurred.
Water came up to the custom house
and immigration offices at the fer
ry, but it did no damage.
General reports from up the river
showed that the rising had ceased,
except at the San Benito pump, where
il was reported at midnight to still be
rising some. The gauge there at mid
night was 52.2 feet above sea level,
which does not throw water over the
levees. However, it was reported
that the water at that point had
broken through at some places and
caused damage to crops which could
not be estimated.
No lives were reported lost during
the entire rise of the river. No re-
ports of any live stock being swept
away have reached here.
Telephone communication to points
up the river were impeded to some
extent. but messages TO a few points
were put through.
An unconfirmed report that the
river was cutting a new channel
above the Harlingen pumping station
was denied by the employee in charge
evening.