Evening journal., 1919-08-08
BIZ 4 MUST ACCEPT
CHANGES IN TREATY
League Opponents Serve
Notice No Mild Reser-
vatioos Can be Made
STAND OF u. S.
TO BE CLEAR

WASH HiN6ION, AUG. s.-Ihe leaders
OF opposition TO the League Of Ma
tions served notice in effect yesterday
that they were not going TO be salts
ned with mid reservations in ratify-
sing the trelty They. are determined
on nothing less than statement OF
very dednite reservations which shall
be aflirmatively accepted by other na-
lions signatories 10 the treaty: that as
affecting The United states they VIII
have the weight OF amendments TO the
treaty.
Senator Lodge NESS expressed the
hope that when the Senate adopts the
reservations protecting American in
terests they, Will be required TO be
afllrmatively accepted by the other
leading Powers before this country
shall enter the league Then there
would be no question about them. He
did not doubt that the other countries
would give this assent.
In this he was sustained by Senators
Borah ldaho) and Brandegee Conn ! .
The discussion grew out Of a speech
by Senator Kellogs Mimi. in which
the treaty making power and The effect
Of amendments and reservations was
dealt with from legal point Of view.
Mfr. Kellogg after a long consideration
OF the authorities declared his CON
clusion that there must be reservl-
tions constituting Article y, so as 20
make 10 absolutely certain that the
function of the leaglIe council is simp-
ly advisory 60 that the other signatory
Powers will thoroughly understand
that The Congress Of the United states
has sole and exclusive power 10 de-
clare war and provide for the oper-
alton Of the military and naval forces
OF the United states. and that the
failure OF the Congress 10 contribute
10 the relief Of any member Of the
league shall not be deemed a violation
OF the covenant, or. as the Pres dent
saws. that Il shall be left az the iudg
ment OF each member whether the cir
cumstances justify such action other
wise it will be impossible TO determine
the construction that the council may
place upon this clause.
81 cannot understand why n this is
the proper Interpretation as claimed by
proponeats- Of the league, the Senate,
in the exercise OF its prerogatye'
should not so declare" he added.
"The individual expressions Of opin-
ion by senators. or even the Pres
lden,. do not control t. The express
sion OF the collective judgment of the
Senate by its vote does control II.
shall we leave to the uncertain ar
bltrament Of contending nations in fu-
,ure years the question whether the
United states shall marshal its armies
upon foreign soil or be branded as a
vioisfor OF treaties. or shall the
world rely. as it must, upon the good
faith OF the American people when
has been abiding for the protection OF
this country as well as that OF our al
lies In this war? II we subscribe 10
this covenant for a League OF Nations
H. Is. incumbent upon us to be scrupu-
Ious IN the observation Of all its pro
visions. ,
'dThere Is another reason why this
should be done by reservation RAIN
or than an amendment There are
many parties 10 this treaty. II the sen
ate st-ikes out Article y. entirety us
elimination must be accepted by an
the slgnatory powers and Article y
viii no longer constitute a part OF tle
treaty between them.
'eThe United states can have no Cd
leeilon 10 the European nations guar
snteeine the territorial integrity ana
existing political Independence or any
of fhe- members Of the league. we on
tbo other hand are situsted differently
We are not IN the immediate vicinity
~ those governments lately set up as
independent. We are not so intimately
interested in their staoiltty as IS
france England. Italy and other Euro-.
6san nations. We have a more direct
interest IN the stability Of the nations
of fbs western continent. We might
therefore by a reservation limit the Cd.
LEGATION of the United states Witnout
sffecting the treaty between the otner
nations who are willing TO accept At
tclo y without reservation.
cit Is my opinion therefore thst II
we raiifv The treaty defining the oDli-
cation Of The United states under AT
sicle \. n viii not interfere in any way
Win ihe other nations raAfying tne
,resiv and oblig1ting their respective
governments 10 any extent they see ~.
Sucb "a reservation would SIMPLY
modify our obligation under Artlele
" a..,.-oa
senator Piitmsn Nevada declared
himself in favor Of every reserNaeion
rroposed by Mr. Kellogg.