davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-01-10
JOHNSoNS VISION OF THE
AIRPLANE.
An Inventor In "Rasselas" Told the
Prince About II.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: /
was much interested In the letter of Mr..
Dean In THE SUN, giving extracts
from Jefferson's letters from France In
1886 foreshadowing the airplane. I think
that DR.. johnson foresaw the flying ma
chine and described II as we know II
to-day better than any writer Of earlier
times Perhaps others can dig UP ex-
tracts that will antedate Johnson's de-
scripton. but doubt II they will present
the conception as clearly as johnson.
"Rasselas" was written In the eve
nings of one week In 1859. twenty-six
years before Jefferson's visit TO France.
Not only did Johnson describe the air
plane as we know II to-day. but he de-
scribed the little fans which have come
into common use In our country Of late
years to ventilate our rooms in summer
only JOHNSON turned them by water
power instead Of by electricity.
Johnson's Prince visits an artist, "a
man eminent for his knowledge OF
mechanic powers. who had contrived
many engines both of use and recrea-
| ton" lie found this man busy building
a sailing chariot. He told tho Prince
that he had been long of opinion that
instead OF the tardy conveyance Of ships
and chariots man might use tho swifter
| migration Of wings that the fields of air
are open TO knowledge. and that only
ignorance and idIeness need crawl upon
the ground. lie that can swim needs
not despair to fly; to swim Is to fly In
a grosser fluid. and TO fly is TO swim In
subtler. We are only TO proportion
our power of resistance TO the different
density OF matter through which we are
TO pass. You will be necessarily upborne
by the air, IL you can renew any impulse
upon II faster than the air can recede
from the pressure. The labor OF rising
from the ground will be great, as We see
IL in the heavier domestic fowls: but
as we mount higher. the earths attrac-
ton and the body's gravity will be grad
ually diminished, until we shall arrive
at region where the man will float In
the air without any tendency to fall no
| care will then be necessary but to move
| forward. which the gentlest impulse will
effect You, sir. whose curiosity is SO
extensive. will easily conceive with what
, pleasure a philosopher. furnished with
wings. and lowering IN the sky. would
! SIZE the earth, and all its inhabitants
rolling beneath him. and presenting &c
Lin successfully. by its diurnal motion
| all the countries within the same par
| allel. How must II amuse the pendent
| spectator TO see the moving scene OF land
and ocean. cities and deserts-to survey
with equal serenity the marts OF trade
and the fields OF battle mountains in
The sun., 1919-01-10
Tho Last of a Glorious Fleet.

Tho destruction, by fre, OF tho Phipps-
burg ship Aryan takes the last wooden
ship built IN America. u has become
customary to call mos! anything that sails
the seaH ship. This is true OF lAndsmen
and some Of the sailors Of modern times.
To an old sea dog, however. "A ship means
a craft ship rugged and nothing else. The
Aryan was of this class and had the dis
tinction Of being the last wooden ship
built In America. also Of being built on
the bank Of the K-nnebec within a few
miles of the spot where was launched the
first vessel fashioned by civilized hands IN
the New World. The Aryan was built by
the late Charles V. Mlnott OF Phppsburg
who in his day was one OF the best known
shipbuilders In the country. She Was
launched in 1898 and her loss will be
mourned by many who knew her a. be-
ing the las. built of her type.
The sun., 1919-01-10

The average age at which the Presi-
dents took office was %, and the aver.
age period of their lives after that
was fifteen years, SO, in way. the
Psalmist scores after all. for the aver.
age age of these upright men was 10.
The first HARRISON was the Oldest
American to he elected President and
the most brief in service. Roosevelt
was the youngest to enter the White
House, and of the five who died
younger than he three were the vic
tins of assassins. Looking back upon
his unquenchable youth of spirit II
seems almost impossible to realize
that his years were longer than those
of LINCOLN and MCKINLEY. But with
ROOSEVELT years were nothing. He
measured time by deeds.
The sun., 1919-01-10
POKER FINANCE.
How to Save by Losing as Well as
by Winning.

To THE lcpIToR or TIE SvN--Sir, l
gcnious financial system for poker play
ing Some persons have a poker sink
ing fund, to be added to or subtracted
from as winnings or losin2s are made.
Others drop their winnings in fruit Jar
and charge their losses to pleasure NY
scheme calls for two fruit Jars or other
receptaclcs, In one put my winnings,
and in the other | put. at the end of
"A game. an amount equal to that which I
lost in that evenings play. BY this
means keep "A rein on myself when
tempted n draw TO three card Pushes.
knowing that tho loss OF a nickel on
the hand will mean. actually, the letting
20 OF n dime
At the end Of the year l shall open
both Jars. and the difference between
tie contents will show Just how much
7 lost or won in 1919. | shall have all
my innings and In \ manner OF speak
ing all my losings-perhaps a thousand
times as much money as If | had used
the ordinary sinking fund system.
This idea IL my own but | must admit
tha' Il was suggested TO me by various
speeches OF great business men who have
been telling us how TO establish won
dcrful American merchant marine
o. SIMMONS.
NEW YORK, January ..
The sun., 1919-01-10
HEALTH INSURANCE.
This and Maternity Insurance Call
for Immediate Conside ration.

To THE EDITOR or THE SUS--Sir: The
message of Governor Smith TO the Leg
sla.u-e Of the state OF New York on
January /. 1919. contained a notable
recommendation in favor Of health and
maternity Insurance, 10 which l think
the attention of the public has not been
sufficiently called. The Governor said
In his message:
Nothing I. so devastating IN the lite OF
the workers family as sickness The in
capacity OF the wage Garner because Of
Illness Is one OF the Underlying causes OF
poverty. Now the worker and his family
bear this burden alone. The enactment Of
n health insurance law, which ! strongly
urge. will remedy this unfair condition
Moreover, /; Will result IN greater pre-
cautions being taken - proven; Illness
and disease. and to eliminate the consr-
qusut waste to the state thercfrom. II
will lead tn the adoption o! wider meas
ures OF public health ana hygiene. ana It
Vii operate TO conserve human life. This
large percentage OF physical disability dis
closed by the draft shows how deeply
concerned the state Is in this matter.
Proper provision also should he made for
maternity Insurance In the interest OF pos
terity and 81 she race. Other countries
are far ahead Of Us Ia this respect. and
thair experience has demonstrated the
rractica. va'u" and economic soundness OF
these principles.
During these momeNtous and critical
times il is the imperative duty OF all
citizens, In my opinion, 10 see that this
legislation. Justly demanded by the
workingmen and women Of our country.
shall he enacted in the different States.
earnestly hope that our New York
LEGISLATURE will pass the appropriate
laws during the present session.
GEoRGr GORDON BATTLE
NEW York, January o.
The sun., 1919-01-10
SHIPYARD INQUIRY RESUMED,
Senators Told sI..OOO,OOO Was
Lent for TFah ic Facilities.

WASHINGTON Jan, ?.-The Senate
Commerce Committee to-day resumed its
Investigation OF the building OF tho Hog
Island Shipyard and of the Shipping
Board, with a, n. Taylor manager OF
the passenger transportation and hous-
ing division of the board. as the pr!n-
cpal witness.
For charging power and traffic "a
cilitics used nv the hpyard workers.
Mr.. Taylor said. $4,000 900 had been
advanced - private utility corporations.
loaned AZ r per cent, interest and Win
maximum allowance OF 25 per cent
for depreciation In addition, he said.
hundreds Of thousands of dollars had
been made, under rulings of the Govern
ment labor boards, to railroad, ship and
ferry companies 10 transport shipyard
workers.
The sun., 1919-01-10
The Grand Old Man OF vermiliOn.

One Of the finest figures among the
men of national fame who went to
Oyster Bay last Wednesday to stand
at Colonel RoosEvELT's grave was that
of JOSEPH G. CANNON Of Illinois, ex-
Speaker of the House of Representa-
tives and by age and service the dean
Of American legislators.
Mr.. CANNON was a qualified voter
and citizen practising law in the
courts of Illinois when THEopoRE
ROOSEVELT was born. He was mem
Der of Congress when ROOSEVELT was
schoolboy of fifteen. With the eX'
ception of the Fifty-second and Sixty
third Congresses he has served IN
every one of them since 1873. lie
was Speaker of the House for eight
years, including the four years dur
ing which ROOSEVELT occupied the
White House by election. And two
months hence. when the SiXty-siNu
Congress begins. Mr.. CANNON, Their
within a few weeks OF his eighty
third birthday, will resume his legis
lative labors and continue his lesis
latiye usefulness with the visor OF ,
freshman in the House.
Such record Is notable. II has
few parallels. II any. IN the history
of the nations where parliamentar!
government obtains. And the hes,
part Of 1t is that the grand old mar
of Nermilion county IS well along ir
the fifth decade of half century OF
service with grit undiminlshed and a
heart pumping political common sens
and good will 10 mankind as ener
getically as ever.
The sun., 1919-01-10
General Bell, American Soldier.

In his service OF forty years Major
General JAMES FRANKLIN BELL dis
played in an unusual degree the dis
tinguishing qualities of a superior
commanding officer. He was above
all an able and resourceful field gen.
ernl; he was a capable adminIstra-
tive officer. and he showed marked
ability in the education of the soldier
anil in the development of an Ameri-
ca1prmy.
1t was this uncommon combination
of the qualities of a soldier that de-
cided his selection over a number Of
men of higher rank as Chief Of Staff
In succession TO General BATES. He
had been second lieutenant for
twelve years, and he was only a frs!
lieutenant at the beginning OF th
war with Spain. This war and the
troubles in the Philippines gave him
the opportunity that years Of peace
had not afforded. In eight years he
rose from first lieutenancy TO be the
uCllNC Iltdu VI Tue army.
General BELL achieved his highest
distinction as n field officer In his
Philippine campaign. in his repres-
sion of the revolutions in the LuZon
and Batangas provinces. and in the
paclficatlon of the latter province. 1t
was this work, that gained him the
admiration and esteem Of the men
and officers of the American army in
the islands. lie had no illusion about
the fighting qualities of the Filipino I;
but he discovered that the native was
yards. "Shout and shoot" became
his famous order, and the Filipino
fed in fright when the Americans IN
carrying out this command bore down
upon him and engaged him Mt close
quarters. The secret of his admins
trative success in Batangas has been
ascribed TO his understanding Of the
Fillpinos and his common sense.
General BELL took over the com
mand of the Department OF the East
in 1917 and since then he had been
favorably known in this city for his
activities in all military affairs. His
service as commander Mt Governors
Island was broken by n special mis-.
sion of study and investigation at the
front and by his work at Camp Up,
ton. At this camp as we'll as al
Plattsburg he saw practical nppll.
cation of some Of the reforms which
he had years before undertaken In
institute at the reopening of tho
schools for officers at Fort Riley and
Fort Leavenworth.
General BELL believed In an Amer,
lean army built upon an American
model. It was his strong trust in Amer
icanlsm and his ardent advocacy OF
The sun., 1919-01-10
all the ideals which Americanlsm

all the ideals which Americanism
meant that caused him to be 30 fire.
,uently referred to as the Roosevelt
Of the army" He trusted no foreign
model, and one of the last Of his ad-
mirable addresses was made upon
this subject at Camp Upton when he
contrasted the German system with
the army that the United States was
building. He expressed then his faith
in the American as n soldier and as a
great determining force in the Euro
pean war, n faith which he. happily,
lived long enough to see justified.
The sun., 1919-01-10
Victor Berger's Error.

VICToR BERGER and the other Social
lists who have been found guilty Of
violating the espionage act were "sur-
priSed" when the verdict was an
nounced. They had looked for hung
jury and hoped for acqulttal.
Apparently BERGER and his asso
ciates have entirely missed the re-
markabIe change that has been eff
fected in American public opinion
since August I, 1914, They have
The sun., 1919-01-10

Tt THE Enron nv THr su%--eir: ! am
reminded Of the following lines:
give me spirit that on life's rough sea
Loves to have his sails fled with a lusty
wind.
Even til his sa!lyArds trembie. his masts
crack.
And his rapt ship run on her side 50 low
That she drinks water, and her keel
ploughs air
There Is no danger 10 man that knows
Had George Chapman foreknowiedEe OF
Theodore Roosevelt when he wrote those
lines three hundred years ago?
TIrus MuNsoN CoAS.
New YORK. January q.
The sun., 1919-01-10
The Idealistic boundaries.

Said Latitude 10 Longitude:
II tire OF fixed relation.
H.nceforth I mean To run myself
BY self-determinution."
Said Longitude to latitude:
II share your contemplation
In future ! shall take for guide
The ethnic aspiration"
Forthwith they changed themselves abou
In high anticipation,
And marvellod much 10 dnd tho world
Was lost in every station.
MoLAsDBuRoH WILSON.
The sun., 1919-01-10

WASHINGTON, Jan. 9.-The storm tb,,
was over the great lakes wednesday
night has moved eastward ami Thus.
day night it's centre was over Main,
while the storm that was at the sars
time yesterday over Florida has passeI
beyond The Held OF observation Another
storm 10 central north of the Dakotas. All
YET another Is approaching the north
racine coast within the last twenty. four
hours there were rains IN the south A.
Ishtlc states and snow hurres In tts
middle Atlantic and New England Stat.s
the OHIO Valley and the region Of tho
eteht lakes. In all other parts Of IT,,
country the weather remained fair. Colder
weather has overspread the region Of H.,
great lakes, the upper Mississippi an
ONO valleys and the interior of the A.
ianuc states. but the change to colde-
weather Is being followed by rapidly re.
ing temperature in the Northuest Tn.
weather VIII be fair Friday. Saturday and
probably Sunday In the States cas-, OF tha
Mississippi River. Temperatures viii 3,
considerably lower Friday 10 tho inidd "A
AtIantio and New England States fol-
io"ed by rising temperature In these de.
tricts on Saturday. The temperature will
rise FRIDAY and Saturday in the Ohio
valley and tho region Of the great lakes
storm warnings are displayed on the A.
lantic coast at and north of Cape Hat.
seias ma ana eold wave warnings were To-
sued Thursday morning for the Atlantic
states north OF Virginia the upper ohiJ
'auey and the lower lake region.
observations at United States Weather hu.
feau stations taken al = NJ yesterday
6eNenfy-hfth meridian time
The sun., 1919-01-10

Perhaps the Rules committee Of the
House refused TO give precedence to
the bill appropriating sl00.000.00 for
the relief OF Europe because. if the
President Is to start home next week.
the measure could not be brought be
fore him for his signature before his
arrival in this country.
The sun., 1919-01-10

While the machine guns were firing
and bombs were dropping moving pic
ture operators were busy recording the
scenes enacted in the streets.-Dcspdtch
froW Berlin.
Germany is determined to have all
the modern improvements and con-
voniences when il has its revolution
airy outbreaks.
The sun., 1919-01-10
CONFEREES ADOPT
NET INCOME BASIS
Kitchin's Differential Rate on
Corporations Is Lost With
Little Haggling.
DIVIDENDS ARE DEFINED
Senators Agree to Raising
Normal Tax Rate After 1918
From 8 to 10 Per Cent.
spoSI DospdfcA to TIE SUE.

WARRINGTON, Jan. 9--Several more
steps toward the final framing or the
tax law were accomplished to-day by
the Senate and House conferees, the
most important being the recession OF
the House from the additional income
tax on undistributed net income. HOW
ever, the House conferees. while agree
ing TO the Senate provision for a nat tax
on corporations Of IL per cent. FOR TINS
year, carried their point In insisting that
this tax for succeeding years be 10 per
cent instead OF S per cent. as the Senate
provided.
In addition to these important agree
ments the conferees reached common
ground on other items Of the Dill.
Summed up these are:
The Senate receded from It's demand
that income tax returns be made on the
gross inc ne basis, agreeifs to the
House precision for returns on a net
| income basis.
Tho House agreed to the Senate
| amendment providing for four install
ment payments of income taxes.
The House also agreed to the Senate
amendment removing personal service
corporations from the status Of other
corporations so far as the corporation
| income tax is concerned, but added an
! amendment that such organization, II
| SO pr cent. or more Of It's gross income
was derived from Government contracts
should not benefit by this exemption.
The House agreed to the Senate def
milton OF dividends"
The sun., 1919-01-10

American soldiers are finding soap
an excellent medium of exchange for
food and other personal necessaries
Rhinelanders accepting it in prefer
ence to coin. Is this the manner in
which the ingenious Yanks are ham
ding their clean up" task?
The sun., 1919-01-10

To the soldier anxious for home
after months OF fighting and sacrifice
whose transport may be delayed by the
harbor tieup the idea OF strike defy
ing arbitration must be literally in
comprehensive, as well as maddening.
The sun., 1919-01-10

Don't stand around looking NJ the
sky. Look around your fect-Editor
Henry FORD.
In other words, II Is better 10 he
a real estate agent than il is 10 be an
astronomer.
The sun., 1919-01-10
Joy Is Coming.

From the Atlanta Constitution.
Home is lookin' mighty bright
JOY Is comm!
Moro Of love and more OF light
JOY f. COMM
WRtin' for that holiday.
Joy to come and Joy TO stay;
Home has one glad word to say;
"IoN L. Cnrnln, 20
The sun., 1919-01-10

Obviously, q IS beneath the dignity
OF the boat owners and their employ
ees 10 let a small thing like the health
and comfort OF 100000 citizens inter
fere with the progress OF their quarrel.
The sun., 1919-01-10

The master horologlst who com
plains about the poor visibility OF the
City Hall clock dial should remember
the exhausted patience of the public
before that defective dial was set up.
The sun., 1919-01-10
Senate Victory over kitchin.

The elimina ton OF the difrerential rate
on corporation incomes. one of the fea-
lures most bitterly attacked when the
Ways and Means Committee adopted II
at Mr.. Kitchn's behest, Is a distinct
victory for the Senate conferees II had
been confidently expected that this was
one OF the features n the tax measures
over which the conferees would hsegle
for some time. with the House managers
obdurate IN insisting on II.
The action OF the Senate managers In
agreeing TO raising the corporation nor
nal tax for years succeeding the tax
able year 1918 from per cent. to 10 per
cent. was a surprise. as the Senate has
frawn its two in one" tax bill on the
theory OF reducing income taxes by one
third on both individuals and corpora
tons for years succeeding 1918.
Agreement that returns shall be made
on the basis OF the net income instead Of
the gross income is expected to simplify
to some extent the assessment and col
lection OF this tax. The conferees felt
that Il would entail the handling OF n
great many returns from which no tax
| would result If the Senate amendment
was allowed to remain. as the tax does
not begin TO apply until above $1,000
/ for unmarried persons and $1,000 for
others
The agreement to the payment Of In
! rome taxes In four instruments super
sedes the House plan for payment Of
one-third OF the income tax at the time
, of making the return, cne-thIrl on the
18th of the second month thereafter and
the remaining one-thrd on the 18th Of
the fourth month
The sun., 1919-01-10
The Sun Calendar
THE WEATHER.

Eastern New York and New England
Fair. colder. with a cold wave to-day |,
tomorrow fair. with rising teinpera ture I;
northwest gales, diminishing.
New Jersey--fair and colder to day. -.
morrow fair. with rising tcmperatu-ei
strong northwest winds. diminishing
western New York---Fair and continual
eo.d to-day; Tomorrow fair, with rl,Rs
temperature.
The sun., 1919-01-10

II the harhor strike keeps UP. New
York may appeal 10 Europe for food
TO save its furnishing population.
The sun., 1919-01-10

II one government was not large
enough for both LENlSE and TEorzKr.
one jail should be.
The sun., 1919-01-10
LOCAL WEATHER RECORDS.

The temperature in this city yes;erda .
as recorded by the Official Thermometer. Il,
shown In Tho Annexed iahln
The sun., 1919-01-10

London once. 40-43 Fleet street.
Paris office, @ Rue de la Michodiere on
Rue du Quatre Septembre
Washington once. Munsey Building.
Brooklyn cthce. Room 2o2. Esg'e BuiIo-
ing, 800 Washington street.
The sun., 1919-01-10

Highest temperature. 3s. AT 30 p. n
Lowest temperature. ~. d. 10 i. M
Average temperature. 80.
The sun., 1919-01-10

no freedom OF the arms OF the sea in
this vicinity.
The sun., 1919-01-10

~ our friends rho fdror u tcffh monu
scripts and tIiustrotiors for publication ctsh
70 hare rejected articles returned they Tusi
IN al cdsss send stamps for fhdf purpose
TELEPHONE. BEEKMAN 1900.
The sun., 1919-01-10

The German army Is now Some
where in Berlin"
The sun., 1919-01-10

~. ,.e,t,io, =. s,,iao,,, ,o,.i.,l -.
81. 60. -. tI,,, 49, 49, 49,,
a. " $50, ''' fi0"''
rSa, ,ha ,.r,,, .si,.,soa, ro,
80 ~ Wv 5tI
,rihI,,io, 80 ". na.,,o,,a ""S U'S
49, -, o,...,oo n p',,'o.' "
.,,!Sn,snr, 90 W. , a,'ol,. ~
- ~; u,, ~
90 ,h 49, -, III sto,N
nd ,'r,s,s oc,,,,y',,a,na st.,,, l,a .,,'', :
ex ,o,q Nv 20, 49, s,,,b .n,,, 49,,
n,ade wv a rs.~sc,al service rI'rnn,., io,,
~ - ~ - ~ W., .''' " ''p'.
The sun., 1919-01-10

All checks money orders, &C.. to be
made payable TO THE sun.
The sun., 1919-01-10

THE EVENING SUN. Per Month. $3.50
THE EVENING sun. Per Year 800
THE EVENING Sun tForeign) Per Mo. 1.o0
The Alaska daily empire., 1919-10-16
DEP ARTMENT OF
 WAR FAVORABLE TO NORTH ROUTE
It Filed a Report With the Senate Committee Rec- ommending Alaska For
 Asia Route Cable
GOMPERs IS BETTER

WASHINGTON, Oct. 16-The War Department has filed report with the Senate Committee on Interstate Commerce in which it says that the marine cable connecting Seattle with Asia, by way of Alaska and the Aleu- tian islands, is practical.
 The report says such cable would suffer no interference from ice con ditions.
 An auxiliary route Is recommended through Anadyer, with radio stations. Another auxiliary route is proposed by using the present Alaska cable to Valdez, where messages could be relayed to the, Aleutian islands by wireless, and then from there cabled to Japan The navy previously re- ported that it believed Alaska the most feasible route for reaching Asia by cable. 13
The Alaska daily empire., 1919-10-16
BAKER SAYS LAW MUST BE OBEYED

CLEVELAND, Oct. 16.-Secretary of War Baker in addressing the Fed eration of Women's Clubs here, said federal troops will at once respond to the call of any Governor to sup press riots and disorders in any state.
 He said that the Administration is determined that the federal officers sslagit be left unobstructefs to function according to the laws of the United States.
 Secretary Baker said there was no law in the United States against the advocacy of so-called reforms, but that attempts at force to overthrow law and order established by society would not be tolerated.
 His statement is taken as a warn ing of what may be expected and the policy to be pursued by the govern ment in case of continued attempts to establish a new order by means of force in any community.