New-York tribune., 1919-07-19


es3 Broad ST., next to Bedell, Newark
give as much as possible of the ex-
r.anation for the settlement, and dwell
particularly on the difficulty of the
Amer can mission doing anything else.
In his talk to-day the President
pointed out that under the league Of
nations China would be protected from
further aggressions by Japan, or any
other foreign nations, while If left
without the league she would be at the
mercy of whosoever sought to despoil
her.
Japanese Pledge Awaited
In view of his hope for such an
early statement from Japan or China
this question, which would be calculat-
ed to remove opposition to the Shan
tung section of the treaty, it was said
here tonight by Republican Senators
that the President had probably made
strong cable representations to the Jap
anese and Chinese governments on the
difficulty of his position, and urged an
immediate statement.
On the day the President addressed
the Senate he told several Democratic
Senators afterward that the American
peace commission had attempted to ex-
retire absolutely from Shantung on a
definite date. He told the Senators
then that he hoped the naming of the
date would occur soon. But they did
not get any idea that the announcement
by Japan would be made in time to
affect the situation in the Senate.
President Wilson made it clear to
the. Republican Senators that his op-
position centred particularly on two
of the reservations, that modifying
Article X and that removing all pos
sible doubt about the ability Of the
United States to withdraw from the
league on proper notice, despite any
objection that might be made by any
other power.
Fears Impression of Distrust
While opposing all reservations or
any other move which might open the
door to reservations from other ma
league down, the President said any
qualification about the right Of with
drawal would create in Europe and
throughout the world the impression
that this country mad no confidence in
the permanence of the league, and in
fact, distrusted it. Such an impress
sion, he declared, would be very un-
fortunate.
On Article x the President declared
he had repeatedly pointed out to the
members OF the peace conference from
other countries that only Congress had
the power to declare war, and there
fore the United States could not bind
itself in advance to declare war.
On the withdrawal reservation one
Senator suggested to the President
that the language should be made tx
show that Congress could, on giving
proper notice, withdraw this nation
from the league. By that plan, this
Senator suggested, referendum .r
the league could be obtained in this
country, candidates for Congress run
ming for and against withdrawal from
The league.
President Wilson was told emphati
cally by one of the Republican Sen
ators that he must make up his mine
to accept reservations or the treaty
would be beaten. This Senator tolt
MIR. Wilson that if he succeeded il
reservations he would defeat the treat,
itself
Opposes Reopening of Treaty
The President replied that thi,
would be deplorable, in view Of condi
tons in Europe. especially in the new
nations. He talked at great length. a,
ne did yesterday, on the difficulties
which would arise if any reservations
were adopted WHICH would require tn,
v,
OF the danger that other nations would
also tack on reservations, with the
strong possibility that the whole
league might be broken down under
the weight
The President made it clear to hi
visitors that he did not think tn
came objection would lie against "in
terpretative" reservations. Such res
ervatons by the Senate, he thought
would not neccsstate obtaining th
consent to them of the other nation
joining the league and agreeing t.
the treaty.
On this phase of the situation sew
erai senators declared tonight tha
the Supreme Court had held, in de
eision involving the Hay-Pauncefort
treaty, that such intcrpretative reser
yatioas had no effect on the text Of tn
treaty whatever and only expressed tn
views OF the Senators voting for then
Hitchcock Confident of Victory
After his talk with the Presiden
Senator Hitchcock expressed the posi-
tive view that all amendments TO tn
treaty would be voted down.
Next" Mr. Hitchcock said, "woul
come the resolution Of ratification.
think II Is conceded that there woul
ne enough yotea to Kill amendments
mat would, Of course, be done b
majority votes. Then would come tn
question Of adopting reservations il
the form Of amendments To the resolu
ton Of ratification. am very cjea
That on this the rules Of the Scnat
require two-thrds vote, and tn
viee~President agrees With this view
W eourse, the proponents of the reser
yatienss could not muster q two-third
vote til any of them"
Republican Senators said to-niuh
that this parliamentary point wonll
not avail the Administration, They dc
GlAfed that IL Vice. prAaider4 MaraL - /