The sun., 1919-03-31

tablishlng an international court COM
posed OF judges who would devote their
entire time TO the business of the court
The second Hague conference adopted a
plan for such a court, and while Mr..
Knox was Secretary OF State he nego-
tiated n treaty with the other great
Powers for rs effective establishment.
II became evident that the world was
ready for obligatory arbitration Of jus
ticiable questions.
After the great war began the Amer
lean Lea que 10 Enforce Peace at the
head OF which are Mr.. Taft and Mr..
Lowell, made the first plank In Its plat
form that All justiciable questions
arising between the signatory powers not
settled by negotiation shall--subJect TO
tho limitation Of treatles-be submitted
TO a judicial tribunal for hearing and
Judgment sc.
"A similar group IN Great Britain OF
which Lord Bryce was a leading spirit.
made the frst plank In It's platform the
following:
" The signatory Powers to agree TO re-
fer to the existing Permanent Court OF
Arbitration at the Hague or to the court
OF arbitral justice proposed at the sec
ond Hague conference. II and when
such court shall be established, or 70
some other arbttral tribunal. all dis
putes between them (includng those az
fectlng honor and vital interests) which
ara of a iustic,able character, and which
Tho Powers concerned have failed tosset-
tie by diplomatic methods
And both OF these groups proposed to
provide for enforcing the judgments OF
the court by economic pressure or by
s..ora Glass of War C.u.es.
The other class OF disputes ~nicn
give rise 10 war consists OF SaShes
between conulctins natiohai pohoies' as
distinguished from claims OF lesai rlsht
Ihey DO not depend upon ouestiohs OF
law or treaty out upon one NATION OF
ruler unoertaklng 10 90 concerning tna'
another nsuon or ruler Wishes 10 pre-
vent 49,
Such questions are part OF inter
national POLITICS. They are similar &c
the questions as 10 which our cour
say rms - poh'ieai Quesuon, mo-
judicial question, ana we nave no con
Germ with IT.. The question whethei
Russia snouio help serVia Wnen Ausuia
Invaded Servia In July. 1919, IS an IL
lustration. Our own Monroe poctrihe
- announcer liiustrauon. mat is not al
assertion OF any lesai right out ~ IL
declaration tnat certain acts VIII %
regarded as dangerous 10 the peace ane
SAFETY or the united states ana there
fore unfriendly.
such questions are continually arisint
in Europe and the Near East, ana I'M
way In which the European countries
have been In the habit OF dealing WIZ
them has been to bring ABOUT con
ference OF the representatives or tho dif
ferent nations to discuss the SUBJECT ane
nnd some way OF reconcilhg the az
to the dispute that II would not be saf,
lot . mem 10 Dreak inc peace;
For etaHnpie' IN ieoo; "heh .he Hei
man Emperors dramatic Snanense o
the pofcy Oh Franco as 10 Moro1co ha'
naoe war seem prooao pie inc Nleecira
conference was pIousnt aouu' a'eS! U!
me innuence OF tresloent NooeeNeit nm
that conference resulted N preVen'u''
war. IN isi.. "nen the paihan wal
ido ofousHt I-uiopo Spa m! w u"
verge OF UNIVERSAL war inc -Aifipassauor
OF an tno sreat rowers ne. III i<oI'uo'
ana the fesul. o, .neir .onAeie noe
avert war 90 III lne las. weeh VI July
1913, or Eo"aro Grey uieo 70 orlhl
ABOUT another conference tof INC puI
pose OF avert'ne the sreat war IN whic'
we nave ooen engaged OUT HerhAhy re
luseo 10 attend inc cohIeiehee' anu si
refused because she heaht 70 oIihs o.
the war ana knew that IL she attehoe'
conference IL wouio oecoHfe pTdcticd.i.
impossible FOR her TO 90 SO.
me weak point ABOUT TINS prague
OF internauoha! conferences II. u,i'e
OF danger was that Trey were iett Sole
to the initiative OF the ihdlViou,
| nations thaI hououF Hau ~ "
conference ana NOBODY was oouhd
attend one.
! -,-. r.,.,
THE great and essential thing abou
the plan contained IN this 'constitutio
for League Of Nations is that It make
international conferences on politics
questions compulsory in times Of dan
ger: that 1t brings together such con
ferences upon the call of officers VIII
represent all the Powers and makes
practically impossible for any nation I
keep out OF them.
This effect is produced by the prov
sions OF Article is, relating to the sui
mission OF disputes so the executly
council Of the league or upon deman
Of either party to the body Of delegate
Article 10 is the central and controllin
article OF the agreement Putting OF
of consideration for the moment Articl
10, which relates to a mutual guarante
Of territory. Articles 8 and Q, whic
relate to the reduction of armament
and Article 10. which relates to mands
tories. all the other important article
in the agreement are designed to mall
) effective the conference OF the Power
] rasnltipr from the submission Of a di