davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31

it behind the. veil drawn over II by
the censor. but 20 do SO would merely
help make . aockely of Our future
system Of preparedness. OF course.
mhen Secretary Baker, mindful Of the
ial.4c negro vote IN his home Sta5e.
commissioned negroes, We knew it vas
Il crime. and we are quite sure that Ii
will never be repeated. so We are not
particularly disturbed on that account.
But the quality Of the negro enlist
ed man must be thoroughly under
stood. He cannot face q grillinS fire.
He is fitted only for the staff branches,
where he Will be far from the range
OF the artillery. This much has been
proved by the experiences Of the war.
We trust that before the senate
committee diSposcs of the subject OF
military training tho entire question
will he threshed out. Gen. Pcrsh:nS
has all the reports. Let them be laid
before the committee. We have not
the space for them. Negroes must.
of course, be trained for military serv-
ice under whatever system is finally
evolved. They must be prepared to
do theH part. But it must be a part
Tor which they are fitted; it must be
in the auxiliary branches, and not IN
the combat forces.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
sWOIINDED Man
is REMEMBERED
FriiendssSend Purse of s1,1o0 to
Soldier in Hospital

ST. Matthews. Dec. 24.-Santa
Claus VIII so TO Milton Taylor, a
st. Matthews boy who languishes. on
bed IN an Atlanta hospital, in such
a delightful way that the, is sure
to- be plenty of Joy. Mr.. Taylor. who
was wounded in France, will be the
recipient Of purse of about s1.1o0
raised by his friends at home, as a
token of their appreciation for his
services to his. country and as
word Of positive praise. for his manly
forbearance during the long season OF
pain and Suffering. he xiii be a
liberty to use the money as he wish.
Mr.. Taylor vent into battle IL the
opening Of the American offensive and
after a short time in the engage:.e e1t
was the victim of a German bullet,
which broke his left leg in the thigh
bone and made him "a cripple for
life For more than a year he has
patiently laid upon his back in hos
pltais in France and America, While
operation after operation has been
borne with the same degree, Of res
ignation and without complaint. He
has remained cheerful throughout it
all, and word now comes that "scnle
day the doctors hope that with the
ana OF artificial insertions for miss
ing bone, he may walk again
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
MARION. COUNTY l..
SHERIFF SHOT
Sheriff Bowel Fatally Wounded
BY Negro Gambler

Marion. Dee. 22.-sl.eriff J., =
Eowel!. OF. Marion county. was SHOT
three times and seriously wounded
this afternoon at SeEers by a negro
gambler whom he attempted to ar
rest. 1t is. stated that the negro foi
whom sheriff t;eweff had : warrant
Tor gambling vas hiding in :: house
and whcn. Mr. Rowell started TO en-
ter tho door the, negro shot. him three
tines Sheriff Rowcli was taken 10
She Florence Hospital! tcnisht.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
MACHINIsTS VQT-,
ED TO STRIKE
Passage Of Cummins Bill Would
Have Caused General
WalkOut

Washington. Dec. 26.-Ninety-
eight per cent of one hundred twenty
five thousand union railway nachin-
lists voted in November to strike
with other trades in the event con-
gress enacted the Cumnins railroad
bin with its anti-strikc provision. IN
making this announcement today
President Johnston OF the nachinIsts'
union said the vote was taken before
the interstate commerce committee re-
ported on the Cunmins measure, and
the. result was not officially published
because the union die not want to ap-
pear in the attitude of attempting to
thrcn+cn congress-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
Census Enumerators Begin Work

Director of the Census Sam L,
rogers has announced that everything
is IL readiness to begin the canyassinS'
campaign that during the month OF
January, 1920, will cover every nlan-
sion every cottage and every hut in
the. country Every person in the
land viii be enumerated and the
games. ages. birthplaces and occu-
pafions. of all of Uncle Sans neices
aud pephews Will be set down and
forwarded to Washington.
Many other questions concerning
home tenure, s. citizenship, marta!
status. lferacy, sex, color and race are
contained in the population schedule
which the enumerators will FIJI out
from the. answers given them.
Farmers also. will be asked the
questions in the agriculture schedule
feissing 10 their farms. These ques-
tons cover farm tenure, farm pro-
ducts, values Of farm lands, buildings.
implements and Improvements, field
crops, garden products, farm eApen-,
ses, live e-stock, poultry, bees, dairy
products, improved and uni'nDroved
land, farm drainage and irrissasion--
IN fact, AL phases Of the farming IN
dustry gre covered.
Even the family Ford will be count
ed, as, in fact Will all autom oblles
and tractors on farms. Questions as
to telephones and electric light, gas
and water plants also are included IN
the group of inquiries which fall un-.
der the general heading Of farm ia
cilities,'' the purpose Of the govern.
rnent in collecting information OF this
character being to show the modern
improvements installed II farms dur
ing, the past decade.
The Census Bureau. desires to en-
1phasize the fact that tue information
gathered in the census, ;s for general
statistical purposes only and that such
inforTnation can not be used as basis
for taxation Nor can such lnforma-
ton BE used to harm any person IN
any way. This IS pointed out in the
presidents proclamation.
AS a matter Of fact the identity Of
Individuals. is lost as. soon as, the I'LL
ed-out schedules are received at
Washington. For upon reaching
there the information is transferred
from the sheets to cards. This is
done by machinery and names are dis
carded entirely. Moreover. every per
son connected with he-taking Of the
census is prohibited by federal law
from divulging any information Civ
zen then, in the performance Of their
sdusies.
The Pureau Of the Census has al
ways had tbs wiling cooperation of
the. public in the past and confidently
Jocks forward 10 tGat sane spirit
cf cooperation fer the Census of 1920.
Any further information VIII De CIV
en- upon inquiry TO Julian 5. Wolfe,
Supervisor. Seventh District, Orange
burg, S. G..
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
Chamber of Commerce Notes.

The Sumter County Chamber OF
Commerce is in line with the Sumter
county banks and supply merchants
when it urges that upon every farm
tobacco and peanuts be planted in
limited acreageS during 1920.
The question Of how much cotton
should be planted in 1920 20 meet boil
wecvil conditions is one that the
Chamber of Commerce is not prepar-
ed to advise about as the first year
damages Of the. weevil is usually un-
certain, and is said to range any
where from fifteen to fifty per cent,
according to weather conditions
In any event it is safe to conclude
that during 1920 is the time for every
farm to begin the cultivation Of to-
bacco and for the building Of tobac
co barns for future tobacco cultiva-
ton. and for every farm to produce
at least sufficient peanuts TO guar
antee seed peanuts for 1921 because
seed peanuts are going to be very
high according to reliable authorities,
and during 1920 is g. splendid time in
which to fence in pasture lands for
future livestock production.
No one knows or can predict what
the boil wecvil will do to the
1920 cotton crop. but the en-
periences of every infected section
has demonstrated that the second and
third years infestation will be dis
astrous to- cotton producers where
more than six acres to- the plow are
planted. Therefore it stands to reason
that many thousands of farmers must
begir. Immediately familiarHing them
selves with substitute crops 70 take
the place Of cotton reduction in 1920
and 1921. and to DO this they must
begin with tobacco and peanuts on
limited scales in 1920.
Cooperating with the Farm Exten-
sion Division Of Clemson Agricultural
College and with the banks, farmers,
merchants, land owners, and the Unit
ed States Department of Agriculture
for as rapid and complete organiza-
ton as. possible, the Sumter County
Chamber of Commerce. and the farm
demonstrator J. Frank Williams will
give their best efforts towards a cam
paign Of education and cooperation
during 1920 because Sumter county
has no time to lose in getting ready
10 meet new conditions.
Every bank stockholder, merchant,
farmer, professional man, land owner
who rents or share crops land. every
city property owner. and every man
and woman in this city and county is
vitaily interested in what is going to be
done on the farms of Sumter county
during 1920 and 1927 because every
dollar invested in Sumter county and
every business enterprise is dependent
upon whether or not the farms OF
this county are going to be prosper
Gus or not.
AS the recognized central headquar-
tiers for the agricultural commercial
financial interests Of Sumter county,
recognized as such by the United
States Department Of Agriculture, the
Sumter County Chamber of Commerce
Should be supported by every farmer,
bank, merchant. land owner and all
other business and business enterpriS-
es. There must be some continuous,
all the year around. and open head
quarters with all time paid executives
foting their entire time and $atten-
ton to the demands of the times. The
Sumter County Chamer Of Com
nierce has proven its worth as a city,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
MEXICO HOLDS
SAILORS IN PRISON
No Move Made to Release Amer.
ican Seamen Arrested at
MaZatlan

Mexico City, Thursday. Dec. 20
PiIario Medina. in charge of the Mex
lean foreign Office. declared today, in
answer TO a question. that the two
American sailors arrested at Mazat-
ian for assault upon a Mexican cltl-
zen. were so far as the foreign office
knew. still held there under the pro-
visions Of the Mexican common law
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31


THE condition Of the Individual sol
diers mentally during this timc vas
awful On several occasions when !
had these 1Men in the trenches. their
one thought was OF their certain
death; any idea OF getting into the
Boche had absolutely departed from
them. They were crouching low in the
trenches, reading their Bibles and
praying I looked into their faces
and saw an agony Of fear in almost
every case. l believe this mental
condition has been brought on TO q
large degree by the actions Of the
negro officers.
The commanding officer OF the
brigade made this comment:
7 gave TO the training Of the Off
GERS and men by The very best that
was III me. ana VAS bitterly d;sap-
pointed"
Following this ssrac, he divi-
sion was withdrawn from ,ne Arsonnc
and assigned to a quiet sector on thc
Moselie, whese ii remained until at
ter the arraistice was signed.
This. hen. is the record Of the only
negro division sent TO F'rance II i
the most shameful chapter III The !iis7.
tory Of Americas participation III
The war, We would gladly have lett
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31

Berlin. Dec. 26.-Appcals to worlc
workers asking their governments to
take steps to stop fns alleged s'aush-
ter Of conlmunists and socialists III
Hungary are being sent out by the
Austrian social democracy.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31

When the South produces all the
live, stock needed for home consump-
ton and a surplus to sell. land viii
continue to sell at high prices, but
there will be slump if the one mon
ey crop policy is continued under boil
Wecyil conditions -. l.s:--rS
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31
THE PRESIDENTS
PROCLAMATION

"Thc. decision Of the president with
regard to the railroad properties was
set forth in the following proelalna-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31

regard to the railroad properties was
set forth in the following proelaina-
ton:
by The Prasiden, Of the United
STATES OF America:
"a proclanation:
"Relihedishment Of federal control
OF railroads and systems of 1ranspor-
tation. -
whereas. in the exercise Of au-
tiiofity committed to me BY law, |
have. therefore through the secre-.
tasry Of War, taken possession of and
haxe, through the director general 81
railroad exercised control over Ger,
tain railroads, systems of fransporta-
ton and property appartenant there
to- or connected Herewith. including
s-sten.s Of coastwise and inland
Transportation, engaged in general
transportation and owned Or con-.
trolled by said railroads or systems
Of transportation, Including also ter
r.inals, Wr,ninal companies and ter
lninal associations, sleeping and: par
lor cars, private cars. and" private n:
lines. elevators, ware houses, telegraph
ana te1ep;lone lines and all other
equipment and appuctenanccs :co1il-
,13o:.1y used upon OF operated as l>a:r
Of such railroads and systems OF
transportation; and
N..Whereas, T now deem It reedful
and desirable that all railroads sys-.
TENS Of TRANSPORTATION and property
now under such federal control be
Now, therefore, under authority OF.
section II, Of the Federal Control;
Nct. approved March p. 1913, and Of
all other powers and provisions Of.
law thereto, nie enabling, ! Woodro#
Wilson, President OF the United
States, do hereby relinQuish from 7ed-
eral control, effective the lst day OF
March, 1920, at 1901 o'clock a. M.
s:N railroads systems Of transporta-
ton and property Of whatever Kind
,alxen or held under sGch federal con
troll and not heretofore: r"linqnShed
..1:,! ,..s. ore III. Same 10 The posses
SION, and control Of their respective
owners.
Walker D. Hines. director gehersl
of railroads, Or his successor in Of
flee is hereby authorized and directed,
through. such agent and aSencieS as he
may determines, IN any MANNER not
Inconsistent with the provisions OF
said Act OF March 21, 1918, to ad-
lust, settle and close all matters. IN
Guiding The making 6f agreements Tor
compensation and al Questions and
disputes of whatever nature arising
out Of or incident 10 federal control,
unit otherwise provided by procla1ha-
tion Of Che president, or by act of
congress, and generally 10 do and
perform as fully ia all respects as the
President is authorized to do. all ana
singular the acts and things necessary
Or proper in order TO carry INTO ei-
feet this proclamation and the fei'n-
coishment Of said railroads, sEs-
tens of transportation and property
For the purpose Of accounting
and FOR an other purposes, this frt6c-;
lamation shall become effective on the
1st day Of March, 1920, at f3.n a. m.
IN witness ~llereofAT hlEc here
unto set my hand and caused the
seal Of Che United States to be at
fixed.
Done by the president, through
Merton o. Rakcr. Secretary of war
in the District of Columbia. this 24th
day of December. che year Of our
Lord one thousand, nine hundred and
nineteen and of the independence OF
:hc United States of America the one
hundred and fort5'-fcHrth-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-12-31

town. and county central bureau Of
organization in war and in peace.
Support and cooperate with it as it
should be supported.
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15
COTTON MARKETS.

Ns1 York June Authorizations in the cot
ton rsrtst continued irregular today and the
nnal tone was weaker. Operations were on a
Unan scale and there was little feature to the
trading. bssinas in . large measure reprcsent.
ing eseningup for over the weekend There
were varying waves Of liquidation and covering
by shorts. which kept quotations moving up and
down.
Initial quotations were 7 TO n points lower
than yesterday with trade limited. Later, after
selling at an advance Of about ten points iqui.
dating sales and pressure were encountered and
prices sAsed sharply, October going to sno yes
terday's low point. At that Level trade buying
increased, resulting in q recovery Of % points.
Wall street firms were among the sellers on the
Improvement and the list again weakened,
closing at q net loss Of "a TO 70 points
Spot here was quiet at 4 decline Of 10 points
at z IS for middhng; there were no sales Spot
at New ORLEANS was quiet with middling un-
changed at Mss; the sales were IA bales.
Receipts at principal points were: Galveston,
$50 bsies; New Orleans. 67s4: Savannah, 42l
Charleston l.o46; Augusta, CT: st. Louis, rs
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15

per ID. eia25c; pigeons. old. per pair. 3aaoc;
do. young. per pair. EajDc
FRUITS AND YEGErABLES-Appaes New
YORK state. No. l, per bbl, 7,soalloo; do,
Western Maryland and Pennsylvania packed,
per obd, 60al0O; do. No. 2 per bbl l0oa5 %
asparagus. Eastern Shore. No. l. per dozen.
lsoa2c; do. Eastern Shore Maryland and vir-
ginia. No. 2. per dozen. Looal-5o; beans, Nor
fox, green. per basket. L5oa1.Is; do. wax, per
iaSc; do. Rsppahannock. per bunch. 3a4c; cab
baee. Norfolk. per crate. i.soa2o %; do. per Dbl,
lS; do. Eastern Shore. per Dbl, l.0a2 90;
cherries. Maryland and Virginia. red, Ger Id.
loc; do. white. per ID. lssDc; cucumbers, Florida
per basket, l.0oa2 rs; egyplants, Florida, psr
crate, a5h4.D; grapefruit. Florida, Der
box. 3oa5co; gooeebeuies. green, per ID, 7aslkc;
ksie. native. per box. 5oa4oc; lettuce, native,
per bushel box. 5ocsl0o; do. Norfolk. per basket,
I5cal.5o; onions. Eastern Shore, new. per basket,
29a3.oo; do. Texas. new. per crate. 35oa4oo;
as TO size. per box. 6o0s7.5o; peaches. Georgia,
per carrier. 2soa3oo; peas. native. per bushel,
l.oslso; rergers. Florida. per crate. 3.o0s4. 90
rhubarb. natire. per 100 bunches. 250sso0
s1rash. Florida. PER crate, 20os2 50: spinach.
naive. PER box, 3oal5c; strawberries. Easteru
Shore. per quart. 25s2sc; do. Norfofk. per quart.
1A25ci do. Anne Arundel. per quart, 3a3oc;
tomatoes. F1orida. fancy. rpe. per carrier,
3oostoo; DO. fair to good. per carrier. Looaa 90.
forAToEs-white' Western Maryland and
Pennsylvania. per 100 lbs. 21saz5o; do, Eastern
shore Msryland and Virginia, McComicks, aops
rs; do. Western Maryland, McComicAs. pr
100 ibs. 2eo1zB; DO. York River. No. i, Der
Dbl 5oss.0. do. No. 9 Per bbi. zSonsoo; DO,
Rappahannock. pr bbl, kooufoo: sueet uptatoea
Eastern shos Maryland nd Delaware. pr III,
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15
WASHINGTON PRoDUce.

The Wholesale market prices yesterday after.
noon ranged about a. follows:
bGGsJstrctly fresh. .; average receipts, q;
Southern, 90
CHEESE : New Yort state factory, Who'll.
milk q
BUTTER-standard creamery, ss,sa6.
LIVE POUDTRY-Roosters. Der lb n. tur-
keys. per lb. 3saio; chickens. spring. prr In
oase; hens, pr 10. sass: keats. young. each.
T5asc
DRESSED .PoULrRY-Fresh killed sprins
chickens. per lb. soa6; henA pu lb, s.; roos-
eS per ID. 3; turkeys. per ib. DsB
PoRk-sman and neat. u; medium, d:
heavy. 2z3
GREEN fRUITS-Apples, per bbl, Tzalzoo. }.
Western. per boz, 5oDasD; California lemons
per bo1. 5ooasn; grapefruit. per crate. IOoas 90
pineapples. rer crate. 50ca6Gl; California
oranges. s0a7o; Florida. sseasss; strswbsrries
na3 per quart; bl2ckberries, zsazI.
NEGETABLES-Potatoes No. J. lJoz4 ., uer
standard bbl; No . 2Oaz Is; Western. tooa
- per sack: new potatoes, n C., per bbI
IooA7.0; string beans per bbl 65oa7 90 !:
peppers per crate. l50a3oe: okrz per ousrt
Da5; radishes. per l0o loea25o; cucumbers.
PEI BASKET, loa2o; eggplant, l50al50 psr
Dol cabbage. new. lDa2oo per crate: beets.
seb per bunch; lettuce, T5ca2O per basket :
Florida celery. 6.ooaz.D per crate; CELERY. per
oozen. l.AzW; rumsine lettuce, 1ooal Is :
sqnasn, L8az@ per crate; srring onions. L 5a
10 per bo bunches; sweet potatoes. sooaIl o.
pr ooa; yams. s.ooaloo per bbl; Texas onions
bef 6ate. S1saaoo; tomatoes. per crate. 2ooa4eo
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15

rhsy hays furnlshsd large sums
secretly to control newspapsrs and
periodicals.. have undertaken and fre-
qaentiy have controlled urtnAates,
elections and political organisations;
have contributed enormous sums to
political campaigns In violation Of
Federal laws and the laws Of sew
eral States: have exacted peedge4
from candidates; attempted and
partly succeeded In suhsidixing the
public preass boyeo4ted tnft4ends>-
manufacturing and mercantile con-
cerns; with the purpose Of using
II for their own political purpcses;
contributed largo sums to the Ger
man-Americani Alliance, many Of
whose members were disloyal"
The work Of German propassndista
was reviewed ninuteiy. The report
said the inquiry showed that Ger
many had systematically fostered the
growth OF the German population In
the United States until at the out
break Of the war persons Of German
birth. cor German descent" in the
United States formed one-tenth ol
the population. How Germany tried
and failed to use all this portion
Of the people in furthering her wal
aims was told by the committee.
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15
BUSINESS HIGH SCHOOL.
Miss Mary BonuceeIH.
317 Thirteen-and-a-ha 81. N. w

317 Thirteen-and-a-half 81. N. w.
My! but these dresses are lovely.
No wonder most girls are willing to
try to put in words one OF the great
est things that makes living worth
while-hope. Their hopes for the fu-
ture-their ambitions. It's hard to dc
this. because we naturally hide our
hopes in the remotest part Of our
souls. we try not to think OF them too
much. else we completely forget our
present duties.
This year I am going to graduate
from the two-year course at Business
High School. To enable me to go to
school this year. I have worked al
night, and have paid my way through.
want to return to my studies next
year. Ny going back to school will
entirely depend on my ability to find
night work. and the knowledge have
Of stenography will be Of great help
In this matter.
If I succeed in graduating from a
four-year high school course, the next
step will be college. Wouldn't II be
glorious IL could graduate from col
lege, too? At any rate, I hope to dc
so.
There is a reason back of all this
willingness to study. Study is not
going to make me what I want to be,
but 1t will help me a great deal. My
great ambition is to become a writer
a writer of fiction. I have cherished
this hope since childhood. I don't
know Of any special reason for my
choice. but one thing is true-I like
to live with fictitious characters. A
writer usually does live with his
characters. He shares their Joys and
sorrows, their hopes. sympathises
with them. and most of all, he loves
them.
The Washington herald., 1919-06-15
CUT EXCURSIONS
/. TO MOVE TROOPS
r. R. Head Declares Travel
Must Be Reduced to
Minimum.

Drastic reductions in summer and
holiday excursions were ordered yes
terday BY Railroad Director Hines. to
make way for the biegest troops
movement in the history Of the coun-
try.
For the same reason. Hines onice
revealed. a special train has been de-
MED New York fight fans who wanted
to go to Toledo for the willard
Dempsey battle July 4. Similar re-
quests from other cities also will be
denied.
Hires' order was issued at request of
Secretary of War Baker. who informed
the Railroad Administration that 375.-
900 troops will have to be moved from
debarkation ports to demobilization
camps during June and nearly as large
a number during July.
The previous record In troops move
ments for one month was last fall
when 3O6. 900 men were carried to East
ern ports to be rushed overseas.