Bisbee daily review., 1919-02-16
rBy Review Leased Wirel


 nant of the league of nations at yes terday's plenary session of the peace conference, Leon Bourgeois. French representative on the commission which framed the covenant, spoke as follows:
 T rise to express the deep satisfac- tiOn of all, and of France more than any other country, because she is among the countries who have most suffered, to see the unity of our wills and of our hearts in a passionate ad- hesion to the principles of the league of nations. That act of faith We shall do in a spirit of cordiaiity and good will that has been that of the commit tee Under the eminent chairman ship of President Wilson the commit tee has worked with all their hearts to attain this great object
 We have established a certain number of judicial principles and information al organizations binding the states to- gether, binding them to a common work and binding them to a truce without which their common develop ment would be impossible The foundation now is laid and we are certain that the organization will be multiplied and will help humanity more and more to attain it's common aims
 We have been unanimous in pro- claiming these principles and we have felt the force of these principles so much that we have no doubt that a strong light will penetrate even into the darkest parts, that the light radi- ating from those principles will find its way into lands that seem to be the least open to it.
 Plan Simple and Clear
 But it is not enough to proclaim such great principles We must or gan!ze a system of guarantee and a system of action, both judicial and practical The plan laid down is a clear and simple one. There is a cou=.- cil where all. the states are repre- sented equally, each having only one vote. and there is an executive com mittee. which is constituted on a diff ferent principle. But even in this case, where it has been found necessary for purposes of action to give five votes to the larger powers, the principle of equality has been secured by giving as much as four votes to the smaller states Respect for the decision given by that body was assured by definite rules, the violation or which shall be considered as an act of war asainst all the contracting states If one state-it may be smallest and most re mote Of all the states,-is Rttacszed without justification, then the whole Of the league of nations is being at tackled, and will resist
 But We must go further In order 10 secure the execution of internation- al sentences there must be a Iimita- tion Of aTmaments This has been the wish of the world for a great many years What was formerly so difficult has today become possible. Our vic tory has made it possible, because if has enabled us to disarm the barbaric Iorce that was in the way of such an improvement
 Armament Limitations
 That limitation must be such that no state can be capable of preyaiIing against the will of the law of nations but at the same time each state should be strong enough to contribute to the force that will enable the league or nations to impose its will. There has been unanimity upon all these points
 There are one or two points upon which l wish particularly to insist. because they are connected with dan gers that may be of special moment to some of us, dangers that may arise not equal for all
 There are special dangers for cOun- tries like France. Belgium. Serbia and the new states that are in the stage of formation in central Europe. It is necessary to give them special guar 7 antees and this has been recognized 2 by the committee. when it states that special account should be taken of the geographical situation situation of and the mode of application to, each state III the scale of armaments- Where the frontiers are more exposed it must be possible to have stronger systems of defence, and. possibly also. greater aTmaments
 This is all right. but there is no dcuOt that it Tiil put on the should CTS of the nations that happen to be Tn that difficult position a special burden IL will hamper them in the peaceful competition that is the life of the world.
 Control War Industries
 And here again tWO practical uues- lions must be put To give all nations necessary security, the principle of the limitation of aTmanents must not only be executed. but executed very fast. It has been said and no one has said it more forcib.y than President " ilsCn-that modern war has become a war or material; that in such Q war as the enc We have just seen and such as gre hope never. to see in the future, hat has triumphed has been science turned into bsrbarism
 NoT IL is necessary for us to con trol the var industries all over the world The nations who are the con tractinS parties of the covenant pledge themselves mutually to com municate Co each other full informa- ton about their aTmaments and their means of production. This is a very good plan. with which ! am particular iy satisfied
 Al the same time. I proposed an Fr a.rarH .E-