davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16

Hon. Carter Glass, secretary Of the
treasury, has been appointed by Gov
ernor Davis to fili the vacancy in the
United States senate caused by the
death Of Thomas 8 Martin, ami has
accepted the appointment,
THIS announcement was made by
the governor yesterday shortly be-
fore |, o'clock kilograms were sent
out to interested farties ard tho
minds or politicians set at rest after
weeks of ceasaless conjecture. The
choice Of Governor Davis did moi
come az a surprise to those most
intimately acquainted with the situa
tion, but the mass Of people were
wholly in the dark Several proni-
nrnt yirxinians were mentioned re-
peatealy and divergent views ga
pressed daily In the newspapers
Governor DAVIS did not intimate
even 70 those cieseiy associated with
him, who the next senator would he
Nothing that he has said on the sub
/ 5ees~eould hes--nstrued as an ird}-
cation If HIS favoring any of the men
under discussion.
The reports which convinced II
advance OF the governors announce
rnent emanatcd from ether sources
and were not confirmed By his ex-
eeiiency until almost $ o'clock.
II became Known Friday that MI
Glass had been offered the appoint
ment and that his acceptance was
being awaited In consideration Of
the importance OF the post held br
him at present, the secretary of the
treasury would not accept or decline
until President wilson had been in
formed OF his Contemplated actor
and consulted with in regard to tbs
af7~eF rs stfs' res-etratfesf ~ tfffs tirf1t'
Politicians. have insisted from ths
tirse the possibility of the senatorial
vacancy was suggested that Governor
Davis could score tsn-striEe b,
appointing Secretary Class II was
Ia foregone conclusion that his ap
pointee would come from the ranks
Of the -o-calied "anti-machine"e fac
ton and Mr. Glass Is said to he this
only senatorial possibility IN tbs
PARTY that would In any way sstisfs
the demands Of the opposition.
From standpoint Of personal as.
rirations also. the governor Is To BE-
congratulated on a rnaster-stroke q
strategy, II ir almost an accepted
fact that the governor Is groouafn,
himself for a senatorial campaign T.
start as soon as his term ct once ex-
pires He will then naturally oprosf
Senator swanson for reelection With
no other dangerous opponent on thr
political HORIZON at this time. II must
be comfort indeed to know thai
Carter Glass does moi have to b.
considered
Mr. Glass was hort II Lynchhure
on January =, 1855. and did not be
gin to take an active part in state
politics until past his fortieth year
He has been a newspaper man al
his life. starting In as printer and
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
Viscouutess Astor Declares She Is
Winner in Most Picturesque Election
Result Not to Be Announced Oiday Until November 28th
BY Which Time Votes Of Absentees May Be Known

Curzon. daughter Of the foreign sec
rotary. Mrs. Alfred Lytteiton and
Mrs. Nora Phipps. sister OF the can
didate. as clectioneers for Lady As
tor caused a furry Of excitement
through the town yesterday and
many votes were won by tffess work
ers who did not hesitate 70 button
hole men Of voting age and endeavor
TO persuade them to vote for the
American reeress.
Mrs Lyttelton made hit at the
Guild Hall meeting, the wind up OF
the campaign last night when she
said
plymouth sent Lady Astor's an
Fcestors to America and Plymouth
will send their American descendant
to parliament"
Lady Aston spoke At thirty meet
ings in the past week and today she
was hoarse from her efforts 81 Las!
night which she topped or By joinfns
the crowd around her carriage Ii
singing: Hail. Hail. The Gang.
All Here" and Pack Up your
Troubles In Your Old Kit Bag
The result OF the election will moi
be announced ofitcialiy until Noyenn,
Der ~. BY that time Il n expected
that full returnn viii b. IN from
men serving with the c0lore away
from home ard frem 49, 4nte<
X010&l Al ssf MI AZ i n se
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
Governor Davis Names Secretary
Glass as Senator From Virginia
Selection is Locked Upon By All Democrats, of
Whatever Faction, AS Being Happy and Most
Popular One Reported From Washington
That Certain Conditions" Incidental To the
Appointment Had Been Agreed Upon.

going the whole listarce n the hnai
goal Of publisher. Be is at this time
owner Of both ,laiiies in hts home
city Mr.. Glass was the second
member OF the cabinet who started
life in Ioratio AIrer fashion az a
printer. devil Iosephus Daniels be-
ing the other
The first state once held by the
present secretary Of the treasury was
that Of state senator. his prev1ou.
political activity being confined te
Lynchhurg where he was clerk 81
the city council. He ~ once became
prominent as a mAFnber OF the Viz
ElHta senate ana Yas elected 70 the
stste eonstitutten~s convention. ir
-isei2.
His appointment r. succeed Sena-
tor Martin will he the second time he
has been called upon e finish an un
expired term. the first being in 1905
when he was elected 10 the fifty-sev-
enth congress 20 sncceed the lats
Peter J. otey. He served In every
congress until the sixty fifth. wher
he resigned 10 become a na-r,her ~
President wilson's cabinet hl1irig the
shoes this time NJ William & Me
Adon
Mr. Class was ar unsu cce sSfr
candidate for the United States
senate In 1907. opposing Sen
ator Claude A Swanson for the
short time in the same campaign in
which Senator Martin defeated vii
liam A, Jones for the fun term.
Mr.. Glass will take office imn,e-
disteiy after hts resignation as sec
Rotary Of the. treasury and his term
VIII expire in Noven,h Of next year.
The law provides that the appointee
will serve until the next regular
election" This will not he held un-
I'll November. hut his fate in the
senate will he decided on August Sd
AZ the democratic primary
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
Washington Hears
News From Richmond

Washington. Nov ts--secreta ~
Of the Treasury Carter Glass will
become . United States senator to
succeed the late Senator Thomas
Staples Martin of Virginia.
His appointment was acknowi-
edged tonight bv Governor Davis,
who responded from Richmond In
answer to a long distance telephone
query as to the report that he had
appointed Mr.. Class
II have appointed Secretary
Glass. He has accepted.
he had not been formally nottfied
therefore. say nothing save that he
had been rendered the appointment.
and had greed TO accept under
certain circumstances"
Apparently whatever conditions
Secretary Glass imposed have beeu
met for Governor DAVIS assertion
that he had made the appointment
was unqualified.
tinue in force until his successor h
elected In the next election In vir-
Einia in November 1870. At just
what tifno he Will assume the du-
ties of senator no Information was
youchsafed.
The expected rendering of his
resignation "A secretary Of the treas
ury by Mr., Glass. which must pre-.
cedr his assumption "a the Virginia
senatorship win leave two vacan-
cies In President Wilson's cabinet.
The other vacancy was caused. by
the resignation on November J. OF
Secretary Of Commerce. William 9.
Redfieid.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
GOVERNMENT AGENTS
INVESTIGATE CHARGES

Indianapolis. Ind. Nov. b.
Government agents have been detail
cd. II was learned, tonight, to invess
tigate charges that certain leaders
Or the United Mine Workers 81
America consptred TO reduce coal
production. Il was said the court
had been told petitions against re-
turning to work were being circu-
lated some Of the miners and that
men high In the ranks of the orgnni-
zation had attended . meeting whers
resolutions pasGed ~ the men moi
to return. ss- Ass N
Evidence y being sought 70 Show
that while tlse strfke ordAr va
reectn6Dd 3 49, not execste1 "a
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
BLTZZ.ARD ADDS TO
DISTRESS IN FRANCE

Paris. Nov I HN it'll snow a foot
deep in Paris and blizzard sweep
ing over the country. unparalleled
misery exists In the devasted regions.
according to reports. received by the
America Red Cross It is stated
that many towns are without bread.
meat or fuel as result OF the tie
up OF transportation. Thousands
arc doomed to die Of cold and star
walton unless relief can be extended
to them irnm ediately.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
stricken from Roll

Berlin, NOV. 15.--The German
forces III the Baltic states have been
struck from the roll OF the German
army. the ministry Of defense an
nounce.l today.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16

Continues on page Two,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16

Continued on Page Two.l
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-11-16
.wrAr''Hz!R

Washington. Nov. Is.
Pair Sunday. slight
ly warmer in the tn
terror. Monday fair,
warmer.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
JUDICIAL ADVERTISEMENT.

square number twelve (12)' on a
plan of Vaudeville, and by the let
ter sd" on certain sketch annexed
to an act of partition passed before
w. J. Castell, late notary, on Decem-
Der 18th, 1883. Said lot, forms the
corner of Girard, LATTE and Jeffer-
son and ....... streets, and meas
ures in French measure so feet front
on Girard street by a depth and
front on Jefferson street, between
parallel lines, of 100 feet, about 81
feet by 203 feet, more or less, Amerl-
can measure.
Together with all the buildings and
improvements thereon, and the
rights, ways, privileges, servitudes
and advantages thereunto apperta1n-
ing or belonging. Being the same
property acquired by the present
mortgagor from H. C. Willoz on Sep
TENDER "a, 1894, as per deed record
ed in c. o. B. %" folios 497 and
l49S of the records of St. Tanmany
parish, Louisiana.
Terms of Sale-Cash, without ap-
praisement.
T. E. BREWSTER,
iul5-6t Sheriff.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
JUDICIAL ADVERTISEMENT.

~-@~~~%~G~1~~~~-~~~~L~-~-o~
Hundred and twenty links south
So IL degrees east Of the northwest
corner of section 43, thence running
north SO degrees AS zoos chains, 5
links to Post No. being the north
east corner of section 10, thence
south IS east and Is chains and IL
links to Post No. 3, thence along the
north boundary of Private Claim No:
43, south So IL degrees east 20
chains and 20 links to point Of de-
parture, the whole containing nine
teen (19) acres, more or less, to-
gether with all the buildings and
improvements thereon; rights, ways
and advantages thereunto belonging
or in any wise appertaining.
Being the same property acquired
by the present vendor from Michael
Verdelta, by purchase by act passed
before Thos. M. Burns, Notary Pub
lie, on the 18th day of August, 1917
duly recorded in c. O. B. I'll, folio
438, Of the records of st. Tammany
Parish, La.
Terms of Sale-Cash, without ap-
praisement.
T. E. BREWSTER,
jul56t Sheriff.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
JUDICIAL ADVERTISEMENT.
SHEREF'S SALE.
o. NJ. Cambre VS.. VIM. Robinson.
No. 5000.
Judicial District Court
Parish Of St. Tammany,
Louisiana.

Notice is hereby given that by
virtue of an order OF seizure and sale
issued out of the honorable twenty
Sixth Judicial District Court, for the
Parish of ST. Tammany, Louisiana,
bearing date the 28th day OF May
1918, and to me directed, l have
seized and will offer for sale at the
principal front door of the courthouse
in the Town of CoVington, La, be-
tween legal sale hours, on
Saturday, August 9, 1919,
the following described property, TO-
wit:
A certain tract of land in St. Tam
many parish, Louisiana, together
with all buildings and Improvements
containing so acres (superticiaD be-
ing lot No. 6 in section % township
6 south range IL east, being the
west half of the southeast quarter OF
section %.
Terms Of Sale-Cash, without ap-
praisement.
T. E. BREWSTER,
iu15-6t Sheriff.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

Notice is hereby given that by vir-
tue of an order issued out of the
Twenty-sixth Judicial District Court
for St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana,
and to me directed, bearing date the
18th day of June, 1919, will offer
for sale at the principal front door
of the courthouse in the Town OF
Covington, Louisiana, between legal
sale hours, on
Saturday September 6, 1919,
the following described property, to-
wit "
First-A certain lot of ground sit
| uated in the Town of Vaudeville,
St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and
designated On the official map of said
town as lot No. Is in square No. IL.
Said lot has frontage, in French
measure, of fifty (50) feet on Girod
street by depth of one hundred and
ninety (190) feet, between parallel
lines.
Second-A certain lot of ground,
with all improvements thereon, stu
ated in the Town of Vaudeville, St.
Tammany Parish, Louisiana, andsdes-
/ ignated on the official map of said
town as lot No. fourteen (14) in
Isquare No. twelve (12). Said lot
has a frontage, in French measure,
LOT fifty (5O) feet on Girod street, by
a depth of one hundred and ninety
(19O) feet, between parallel lines.
Third-A certain lot Of ground
Isituated in the Town of Vaudeville,
st. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and
designated on the official map OF said
town as lot No. eleven CID in square
No. eleven CID.
Fourth-Lot sixteen (16) square
twelve (12) situated in the town OF
Vaudeville, st. aTammanyy parish,
Louisiana, together with all the
buildings and improvements situat7
ed thereon.
Terms of Sale-The movable eff
fects to be SOLD for cash, and the
real estate to be sold on the follow
| ing terms and conditions, to-wit:
One-third, or more, cash, and the
balance, if any, on credit OF one
year, or Of one and two years, at the
option of the purchaser, the credit
portion of said sale to be evidenced
by notes of the purchaser to his own
order and by him endorsed, bearing
eight per cent interest per annun
from date of adjudication until paid
secured by special mortgage and ven
doris lien and privilege on the prop
erty sold with the pact de non alien
ando and all the usual security
clauses, per cent attorneys fees il
: the event of suit, said property to bt
\ insured by purchaser and the policy
lie to ha two Y1Qfn
, holder of the notes, and the purchas
er to pay, over and above the amour
! of his bid, all the taxes on the prop
). erty due and exigible in the yea
= 1918.
T. E. BREWSTER,
je21-6t Sheriff.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
No, 312 2.
Judicial District Court
Parish of st. Tammany,
Louisiana.

Notice is hereby given that by vlr-
tue of an. order of seizure and sale,
issued out of the TWenty-Sixth Jul
dicial District Court for the Parish
of st. Tammany, and to me directed,
bearing date July 5, 1919, / have
seized and will offer for sale at the
principal front door of the court
house in Covington, La, between
legal sale hours, on
Saturday, August %, 1919.
the following described property sit
uated in the parish of st. Tammany,
State of Louisiana, more particular
ly described as folloWs:t
The northwest quarter OF the
northwest quarter, and the north
east quarter of the northeast quarter
OF the southeast quarter of section
one %, townshop six 60 south,
range eleven CID east, containing
twenty (20) acres, more or less,
with all improvements thereon, De-
ing a four room house, etc.
Terms of Sale-Cash, without ap-
praisement.
T. E. BREWSTER,
jul 1856 Sheriff.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
SHERIFF'S SALE.
Thomas M. Burns VS.. VIM. G.
OLeary ct ais.
No. Bill.
TWenty-Sixth Judicial District Court
Parish of st. Tammany,
Louisiana.

Notice is hereby given that by
virtue of an order of seizure and sale
issued out of the honorable Twenty
Sixth Judicial District Court for the
parish of St. Tammany, Louisiana,
bearing date the 10Th day of June,
1918, and to me directed, I have
seized and will offer for sale at the
principal front door of the court
house in the Town of CoVington, La,
between legal sale hours, on
Saturday, August 8, 1919,
the following described property, to-
wit:
A certain triangular or portion Of
ground, situated in the Parish OF st.
Tammany, State of Louisiana, being
the fractional northeast quarter Of
section thirteen (13) township six
60 south, range IL east, said piece
or portion of ground, according to a
sketch and certificate made by John
NJ Yates, parish surveyor as fol-
lows: Commencing at Post No. One
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
SHERIFF'S SALE.
Covington Bank & Trust Co. VS..
Abraham Blattner.
No. 3110.
TWenty-Sixth Judicial District Court,
Parish of st. Tammany,
Louisiana.
SHERIFF'S SALE.
No. BIO.

Notice is hereby given that by
virtue of an order Of seizure and
sale issued out of the honorable
Judicial District Court,
for the Parish of St. Tammany, Lou
isiana, and to me directed, bearing
date the d9th of June, 1919, | have
seized and will offer for sale at the
rincipal front door of the court
house, in the town Of Covington, La,
between legal sale hours, on
Saturday, August 8, 1910,
he following described property, to-
wit:
All that certain lot or portion OF
gorund situated, lying and being in
the Town of Vaudeville, in this
parish and state, said lot being des-
ignated by the number one Cd in
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
NOTICE OF REGISTRATION OF
OF TAX DEED.
To J. P McCOun:

To J. p. McCoun:
You will please take notice that
on May IL, 1918, there was adjudi-
Gated to me for delinquent taxes for
the year 1917, at tax sale by A. G..
Depre, tax collector for the town OF
deyille, St. Tammany parish, State Of
Eribed property, to-wit:
Lots one Cd, three CD, five 60,
seven CD and nine go, in square
forty (40), in the town of Mande-
vile, St. Tammany parish, State of
Louisiana.
Notice is hereby given that l have
had said deed recorded in Convey
ance Book No. IA, page 234 Of the
official records of st. Tammany par
ish, Louisiana.
PETER ROSS,
juI5-3t* Florenville, La.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
NOTICE OF REGISTRATION OF
OF TAX DEED.
To Il. Il. Chattnck:

To Il. l.. ChattOck:
You will please take notice that
on May ii, 1918, there was adjudi-
Gated to me for delinquent taxes for
the year 1917, at tax sale by A. G..
|Depre, tax collector for the town of
Vaudeville, La, the following de-
scribed property, toWit:
Lot LOG feet on Lake street, be-
tween Carondelet and Wilkinson, by
100 feet deep; in the town of Man
deylle, st Tammany parish, State of
Louisiana.
Notice is hereby given that I have
had said deed recorded in Convey
ance Book "A, page 233 of the Of
fetal records of St. Tammany parish.
PETER ROSS,
jul5-3t* Florenvillc, La.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
Catarrhal Deafness Cannot Be Cured

by local applications, as they cannot reach
the diseased portion of the ear There Is
only one way to cure catarrhal DEAFNESS
Catarrhal Deafness is caused by an in
famed condition of the mucous lining OF
the Eustachian Tube When this tube is
fnfamed you have a rumbling sound or i'm
perfect hearing. and when it is entirely
closed, Deafness is the result. Unless the
Inflammation can be reduced and this tube
restored to its normal condition, hearing
will be destroyed forever Many cases OF
deafness are caused by catarrh, which Is
ali inflamed condition of the mucous sur
faces Halls Catarrh Medicine acts thru
the blood on the mucous surfaces of the
system
We will give One Hundred Dollars for
any case of Catarrhal Deafness that cannot
be cured by Halls Catarrh Medicine. Cir
culars free All Druggists 75c.
F J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo. Q.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
TRESPASS NOTICE.

All persons are prohibited from
trespassing upon the Lands of Z L
Baker, known as the DIETRICH tract
about one mile northwest Of Slidell
and from cutting any trees or tim
Der on said lands or hauling any
wood therefrom, or lacking or nail
ing any Advertisements ,vr notices ON
any of the trees. Ten dollars re-
ward win be paid for information
and conviction Of any one trespass-
ing on said lands.
C. L. BAKER,
nov24-18 Sudell, La.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

All persons are hereby warned and
prohibited from cutting, burning,
deadaning. carrying or floating away,
inturtng or destroying any trees,
timber or wood growing or lying up
on the lands Of the undersigned, on
the lake front from LeWisburg to the
Tchefuncta river. formerly known as
Amand Marigny and McQuinn tract,
and are also prohibited from fishing
hunting or trapping with dog or torch
or trespassing in any way on lands
belonging to the undersigned. One
hundred dollars reward will be paid
for information and conviction OF
srespassers.
H. H. HEDDIN,
% Pc. Box CTS,
ju13-Gmo New Orleans, La.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
NOTICE.

The public Ii hereby warned not
to trespass in any way on the prop
erty Of the underlined, located
along the line of the N. O. G. N. and
the Y. & II. V. r. R. and the Penn
Mill public road, Immediately north
and northwest of Covington. La.
Trespassers will be prosecuted to
the full extent OF the law.
milf HARVEY e. ELLIS.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

All persons are hereby warned and
prohibited from cutting burning
deadeniRg, carrying or floating away
or otherwise iniuriag or destroying
any trees, timber or wood growing OF
Wing upon the lands OF the under
gigRed. The re also prohibited
from fshin Aunting or trapping
with dog. or torch or LrespasS.
Ing In any xay ON Lands belonging
to the Undersigned.
IL. P. ROBERT.
II. II. MAYFIELD.
II. J. MAYFIELD.
z. A. ORR.
JAS. PROVOST.
ao2I-u 4GO. Fl. CAUSE.
We, the undersigned. eorbid al
Iunting, trapping and trsspassing On
ur lands. Anyone caught 30 dolng
will be punished to the full extent
VI the law.
JAMES BARRRNGER,
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

NOTICE.

All persons are prohibited from
trespassing upon the lands OF Mrs.
NJ. Loubat Williams in the town Oh
Abita Springs. Any one caught cut
ting trees or wood will be prosecut-
ed in full accordance with the law.
NJ. LOUBAT WILLIAMS.
mT29-6mo
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
FLIES NEVER BOTHER.

In the summer flies worry an ami
NAL. Get a bottle of Farris' Heal
ing Remedy-costs but 50c-makes
a pint worth $500. Apply it to
the wound Flies will not bother
it. Get it today. You need it to-
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
NOTICE..

The next examination fer teachers
certificates in this parish will be held
in the office of the Superintendent
on August 4, and 6, for whites, and
August 7, 8 and for colored.
The second and last examination
on the books of the reading course
used during the session of 1918-I9
will be held August 18th.
ELMER E. LYON,
Superintendent.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

Notice is hereby given that no
trespassing is allowed on my land
adjoining the Land of Alfred Gitz.
Any one caught taking wood or
otherwise. trespassing on said land
will be prosecuted in full accordance
with the law.
f1tf r. E. BREWSTER.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that / am
applying for a pardon for my son,
Carl Z. Nichols.
MRS. ELIZABETH NICHOLS.
jul 1885,
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09
noV2I4-A8

The undersigned forbid all hunt
Ing, trapping or trespassing On their
lands. Anyone caught doing SO wiA
be punished to the full extent Of the
Law.
QUEEN G. CRESCENT CLUB.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

morrow. We sell it.-St. Tammany
Hay & Grain Warehouse, D. l. .Addi-
son, Covington; Wells, Johnson
Afford, Madisonville.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1919-08-09

For the best results advertise in
The Farmer.