davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-19
FRENCH HONOR WAR DEAD
Red Cross Directs Ceremonies al
Madelelnc Church

Paris, Dec. 10. - Memorial services
for the soldiers, sailors and nurses Of
France and the Allied nations, who gave
their lives on the field of honor, were
observed under the direction of the
French Red Cross in the Church of the
Madeleine yesterday.
Cardinal Annette, archbishop of Paris,
presided and pronounced the funeral
oration. He eulogized the nurses who
underwent the hardships and dangers
of the combatants themselves and con
soled the mothers and sisters Of those
who made the supreme sacrifice.
President Poiucare, the presiding
officers Of the Chamber of Deputies and
the Senate and Marshals Joffre and
Foch sent representatives to the serv
ices
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-19
reutons Can't Meet Terms

Paris, Dec. 10. - German delegates
are said by newspapers here to have
furnished the Allies proof that Ger
many cannot deliver all the harbor and
dock material demanded in the protocol
to the peace treaty.
Allied experts are said to be disposed
to consider counter proposition which
would reduce the amount by 100000
tnns
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-19
stephen Henry Thayer Dead

New York, Dec. 10.--Stephen Henry
Thayer, banker and author, died at the
home Of his daughter and son in law,
Mr.. and Mrs. William T. Farley,
Weston, Mass, Tuesday, the eightieth
anniversary of his birth, His death
was due to old age. He formerly was
financial editor of the Christian Union
and of the Outlook and was the author
of several books and of many essays.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-19
Camden Farm Board join, council

Berlin. N. j.. Dec. 19.-The Cam.
den county Board of Agriculture has
Joined the New Jersey State Council of
county Boards. and it was announced
from the county headquarters that the
state council has appointed John II.
Hankinson, of Glen Moore, as its paid
secretary, Howard Garwood, of STRAIT
ford, will represent the county board
at the state board meeting in Trenton
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-19
AERO PARTY IN PEKlN
Making Arrangements for First
Aerial Derby Around the World

Peltin, Dec. 19.--Representatives of
the Aero Club of America who are
making arrangements for the first aerial
derby around the world, arrived in
pckin Yesterday from Japan.
Thc party included Louis H. Beau
mont, Major Charles j. Glidden and
Benjamin Hillman.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

In 1896. three years after de Pes
visit, Don Ondres dArriola, with three
hundred soldiers and settlers. took for
NAL possession of the harbor and the
surrounding country, which, to make
effective and permanent. he built a
square fort w ] bastions' at what is
now called Barrancas, which he named
San Carlos.
AS the beginning, or rather recon-
struction of a town named Pensacola,
he erected some houses adjacent to
the fort, and there, too, was built a
church, historically the first ever erect
ed on the shores of Pensacola Bay,
but presumably the second. for it is
hardly credible that the large settle
ment of de Luna, embracing so many
ecc1esiastics, should have failed to OBJ
serve the universal custom of the
Spaniards to build a church wherever
they planted a colony. Irresistible,
therefore, is the inference that the first
notes of church bell heard within the
limits of the United States were those
which rolled over the waters of Pen
sacola Bay and the white hills of San
ia Rosa.
Fort George was a quadrangle with
the bastions at each corner. There
were within the fort a powder maya
zine and barracks for the garrison.
The woods north of it, for an eighth
of a mile. and within a curve bending
around it to the bay, We're felled. in
order to give play to the gunSland-
ward. whilst they could bear upon an
enemy in the bay by firing over the
town. BY a system of signals. inter-
communication was kept up with Tar
tar Point and thence Red Cliff.
Tartar Point. now the site of the
Navy Yard. and where a battery and
barracks were erected by the British.
is the only existing name in this part
of West Florida which carries ones
thoughts back to the days of British
rule. The name of the point under
the second Spanish dominion. which
lasted about forty years. was Punta de
Ia Asia Bandera-the point of the
flagstaff. 1t seems strange that an
English name which had been super
coded for that period by a Spanish
designation, should after that lapse
of time be restored.
The locality of Red Cliff was for a
time a puzzle. Such a name for a To-
cality at once induced a search for a
suggestive aspect. No red bluff. how
ever, not too far eastward to serve as
the site of work for the defense of
the town or harbor, could be found
and yet no bluff westward of the for
mer could be observed to suit the deS-
ignation. But at length letter in the
Canadian archives fixed Barrancas as
the locality by stating that there was
at about the distance of a half to a
quarter OF a mile from Red Cliff, a
powder magazine, built by the Span
ish, capable of holding 500 barrels of
powder, which was then used as the
powder depot of the province, evident
ly the relic of old San Carlos Destroy
ed by the French in 1719, and which
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

guns: on Amelia Island. the uncom-
pleted work, Fort Clinch at st. Au-
gustine. Fort Marion with field bat
teries, and at the extreme south Fort
Taylor and the barracks at Key West
and on Gander Key one Of the Dry
Tortugas, the stupendous but uncom
pleted work, Fort jefferson, covering
thirteen and one-half acres. and de-
signed to mount 800 guns, which it
had been the special ambition of JEFF
ferson Davis, secretary Of war and
senator, to mat the commanding
fortress of the sa-f.
Pensacola at once became the point
in Florida upon whic hthe attention
of both north and south were most anx-
iously concentrated. The commanding
officer, fearing a clash of arms, aban-
doned the main and the Navy Yard and
took refuge in Fort Pickens.
Old Fort Barrancas and Fort McRee,
each powerful works against at
tack from water. We're not designed TO
resist an assault from the rear, and
any attempt to defend them or the
Navy Yard from such an assault would
We been futile and inviting the i'm
tie destruction of the Navy Yard.
lnuary s. 1861. Lieut.. Slemmer be-
IN the removal of powder from the
Spanish to Fort Barrancas: that night
party of citizens who were reconnoi-
ing were warned off by a shot from
Fort Parrancas. On January 10 Slem-
mer a ndoned the mainland, spiqed
the gun at Fort Barrancas, destroyed
over &c. 900 barrels of powder at Fort
Mckee, and transferred his men to.
Fort Pickens on Santa Rosa Island,
where he secured strong hold though
his force was inadequate to properly
garrison it.
Forts Taylor. Jefferson and Pickens,
with the islands commanded by them,
and Fortress Monroe In Virginia, were
the only places in the south that con-
tinued under the Stars and Stripes dur
ing the entire period of the war. From
Key West achievements were sent to
Fort Pickens in the latter part OF jan
uary. but through the interposition OF
Stephen r. Mallory and upon the
pledge OF Gen. Chase that hostilities
would be commenced, the artillerymen
were not landed.
Forts McRee, Pickens and Barrancas
were built by the Spaniards years ago.
However, we have failed to mention
Fort Redoubt, which at one time was
strong fertilization, but here In the
past has been eliminated. One Of the
interesting and. no doubt, a difficult
task which was performed by the
Spaniards, was the underground tun-
mel leading from then Fort San Carlos
to Fort Redoubt, used for communica-
ton between the two forts.
Fort Barrancas, which was called by
the Spaniards Fort San Carlos, at the
present time has some Of the antique
buildings standing and some Of which
are used daily by our fighting men,
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30
History of PensacOla's
FOrtificatlOns

In this brief review of Fort Barran-
cas-, Fort Pickens and Fort McRae,
the purpose has been to cover rs
nearly as possible in the space avail
able, the different phases of the life
and work which are most interesting
to civilians and the men stationed
there
The Journal is indebted to Col John
L. Hughes. commander of the garri
son, and to information furnished in
a brochure, published by the Post ex-
change. In this sketch number of
valuable facts relative to the early
history of Florida are also incorporat-
ed.
In addition to recent improvements
at Barrancas, at the present time there
is being built new battery on Fort
Pickens which will far outrange any
of the present armament. 1t is IL
inch battery and will be effective
against ships for some IA or Is miles.
Another project is the employment of
railroad guns for the defense of the
harbor both on the mainland and on
Santa Rosa island. This is an appli-
cation of the principles taught by war
fare on the western front to the uses
Of coast artillery work in this coun-
try. Regarding improvements in the
during the war times cantonment bar
racks sufficient to accommodate about
1900 men. These barracks are of the
semi permanent type and remain as
part of the permanent post improve
ments A further project, notice of
which appeared in the Journal in De-
cember, is an extensive survey of the
country for 20 miles or more around
Pensacola, which has for it's purpose
the Improvement of the ace racy of
fire Of the batteries both on the water
area and for land defense in case of
an attack ovrland by such forces
History Of Barrancas.
In 1893 Don Andres de Pes entered
the bay, but how long he remained, or
why he came, whether for examina-
ton of it's advantages, from curiosity,
or necessity, to disturb it's solit.-d de and
oblivion of one hundred and thirty
three years, history does not say. But
as a memorial of his visit, he supple
mented the name de Luna had given
it with de Galva. in honor of the vice.
roy of Mexico; and thus it comes into
the colonial history with the long title
Santa Maria de Galva.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

tect padding in payrolls. disclose
waste of millions in supplies, clean
the strets and alleys. insure good
schools, ETC.
OF course. it is the first duty of
every voter to register and vote. De-
mocracy is based on this duty but our
responsibility does not end there, and
good government depends on the in
telligent interest and efforts Of the
voter the other 365 days in the year
beside election day.
No scheme will ever be invented
which will prevent the .nisinformed or
uniformed men and women from be-
ing exploited and injured by misgov-
eminent. The things which makes the
majority of officials perform right
acts is what the public knows rather
than the ballot.
Our second and not less important
duty is to inform ourselves and see
that the public is informedalso, of
the processes Of government and the
difference between the real and the
apparent causes of government weak
ness.
We need especially to consider the
next steps that can be taken tomor-
row to insure good government.
We must bear in mind that know
ing becomes evidence only when it
is able to prove the truth not only
to those who do want to know, but
to those who do not want to know
For instance one would not want to
give money toward vocational
school for so boys after once seeing
that the public is informed also of
way would give proper vocational.
training to $4,000 boys through pub
lie schools. No one would prefer 20
build model tenements If convinced
that one-tenth the money would brine.
all tenements up to the minimum es-
sentiat to health, comfort and decency
1t is no special consolation to a
mother when her bahv is tossing with
diphtheria to know that or'v one in
ten dies OF that disease. We cannot
be over proud of our herIt', deoa r.-
ment when there are $500 coo hospital
beds unnecessarily in constant use
and $4,000 easily preventable deaths
year in this country
Rather than the erection Of move
hospitals we need greater publi"
knowledge Of the rules OF health. and
more active ard broader scoped
health department and a public az
counting OF its efficiency.
Each voter should ask himself or
herself. are our public schools. hos
pitfalls. asylums. charities. dance halls.
newspapers. libraries. postoffice, po-
lice system, army. etc. properly mar
aged and free from graft or waste. IF
not. why not? Have we clean streets
and alleys? Are we getting pure wa
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30
Wone,, IN National
! and Ciyic Work

Woman's Part In Government and
Her Civic Duties" il the subject OF an
article by Ella Meeks Barnum in Mi
lady Beautiful, which will be read
with interest by those interested in
woman SUFFRAGE.
That women will eventually vote Is
- foregone conclusion, also that good
government for the people by the peo-
pie is only attained by the intelligent
casting of each Individual ballot.
Assuming that, Miss Barnum shows
us wherein we must back up the cast
( ing of the ballot by intelligent inter
est and efforts exerted during the tims
between elections to attain good gov
ernment
Health is one of the most import
tant things for any individual or ma
ton and Miss Barnum appropriately
prefaces her remarks with the follow
ing:
Whenever you spit, whenever You
Whenever your rugs you beat.
When you scatter dust with a feather
broom
And shake II out in the street.
When rubbish you pile upon the road.
When ash barrels have no top,
You're poisoning the air for some
bodys lungs,
And it's time that you should stop.
III
woman's Fundamental part in gov
eminent is to do efficiently what her
position REQUIRES of her as individual
menhar OF society. mother. sister,
! wa re- Garner. wage-paver, purchaser.
yetc. II is not worth while discussinz
now what fraction OF women want to
vote. Our task is. as rapidly 40 DOS
sihie. 70 Ynake all women capable OF
nsin~ thef ballot efficiently Woman :
-,i-I is divided on the suffrage uues-
ton only because opinions differ about
the best wav to get what all women
good government"
yvcrnan's first ballot IS certain to
- disaprointment for = large rrlr-
hor oe women voters. MANY will he
4~rortea to he DISCOURAGED nr cynical.
Orc cr The most pathetic things that
~iil follow suffrage for women will
- tho vawning gaps between what
tbcv --riI1 vote for and what thev will
r~o. No rraioritv ever voted for dis
,o-essv. for intrirue. or for r-as+e'ui
--,--o---nort. vet dishonesty i-4rf~-,e
go waste have Characterized our
r-,------,art FOR no years
rr-~at the women need 70 corside~
" 40 and means OF obfa'nir@
~-~a ~~~a-rrent. and II vii call Cor
e4r~- MEANS than the ballot alone. Thu
ha'1ot cannot work ?es days in tho
y~~~-~ororrrnent must.
r'>o ballot has serious limitations:
e ~'o,e cannot administer f,stice. de-
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

ter and milk, pure food? Are the
prices fair, are the weights and meas
ures honest? II not, why not?
No woman has a right to be happy
and comfortable unless she has posi-
tive knowledge that the conditions in
the stores and workshops and fac
tories which supply her with necessi-
ties, comforts and luxuries are decent.
comfortable and sanitary
No woman has a right to be content
when her own or her neighbours house
is burned through insufficient, unen
forced fire regulation-when the white
SLAYER flourishes, or hundreds suffer
through fraudulent patent medicine.
Is our court system the best posi-
BILE? Is probation a good thing? How
are our jails and penitentiaries con-
Quoted? Is the civil service efficient ?
To take an intelligent interest in
GAL TwO-SOCIETY
these things means patriotism of the
highest type.
No woman can tally up all OF them,
but every one Of them has been taken
UP by some woman somewhere and
each individual can inform themselves
generally and go as far in specializing
as circumstances permit, and spread
their knowledge. Publicity is the
greatest asset Of good government
With an aroused public interest public
accounting and publicity Of air gov
ornamental affairs. we can hove TO
have the greatest r-cst efficient gov
eminent in the world
A new ORGANIZATION ts raeded ",
every community which snen ha~'1
ts~nal use o< all the lessons ero~, tho
lest electio, teIl the trut', o~out
n,edoas h-c'-e-, ~ 1-on+ a-d ---o-'- do,a
.>asore the p,'h1'c before the next eler-
ton
Tot e~o~,, coY-,--r-i.v hove p ~e,te~
| f,'--~--,, ~~sponsih1a for co'1e"t'r -
,rd 1.~a~..,~ inflammation, th,t h>n-~
-,-,o-, go ---,--1cs,o, ~e~--'~a
rr,o i-,d1v'1.-a' ~Ic,'d --,1 no MI
'.-,' -o---- ~.'-6v oa-tv -'r'~o--~os -
ESQ.,, +ho--- ~e'ves ~ ~ara-d ~ no o17
--d Now lowe -r-h'or sh~,-'1 ho
~~~'~1 o-d ~-'-ct arn -~odo1 watch
'--'~',.'o-, a++e~1 white --ne+'---s
s---,-a a, acco,,-+sn~ - nj, rrhrr
.-,~+'+r+'o-s .Ho e"e~o' ~re4~--o
--.--.- hna'.', aa-a-4-,o-t f'-o -
~--4--o--+ oo''~o 5000 c'~~'-.-- ~"
49, - ;-o~~.+.---o.o 1eor- Sc
---- -,-,-''- ~.-.>--:>-, ---'---o ~-------
$3.50 '---~----- 49, ----o--- r~-- ~ 80
->-~.~~a 49, has NJ has
- accommodates
T-nn~o1 as raw citi7ens ave RI
f','r', about patriotism. honesty ar"
efficiency in terms of budgets and
ha'an"a sheets. these are words every
citi7e, must learn 70 feel for.
ha'a-,ra shoot is ~oroethin~ which
evorv SUCCESSFUL bus'rass thinks II
| ,a~o~~a ~vs.to have. ard which muri-
c'~alities ard states think thew ON
cot a1ore without. IF correct. BAL
"nce sheet shows exact1v where a
hrs'rees stands AT given date
n--ervthino in hand and due on one
side. and on the other everything II
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

owes. If with a similar balance sheet
your town, city, county or state is
not reporting the truth about its af-
fairs, is grating and wasting, is in
efficient, it could easily be ascer-
tanned. ss5s -
Graft presumes the ability to con-
ceal-perhaps our greatest graft Of
all is inefficiency-if we can have
complete and continuous public ac-
counting and give it sufficient pub
licity our greatest weakness of gov
eminent would be corrected.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30
Id stood on the site of the present

had stood on the site of the present
Fort Redoubt.
The defenses of Red Cliff consisted
Of two batteries. lone on top and the
other at the foot of. the hill. There
were quarters for the officers and bar
racks for the soldiers In one building.
so constructed as to be proof against
musket balls and available as an ample
defense against an Indian attack.
Galvez remained but short time In
Pensacola after the surrender Of the
British. On their departure he re-
turned to New Orleans, the capital OF
his province Of Louisiana.
In May, 1881 Don Arturo O'Neil was
appointed governor of Spanish West
Florida, and continued to hold the Of
flee until 1892. His successor was En-
rique White, who was succeeded by
Francisco de Paula Gelabert, whose ad
interim tenure expired in 1896 by the
appointment of Vincente Folch Juan.
Folch signalized the early part of
his administration by causing a town
to be laid out, between a quarter and
a half mile" from San Carlos. that fort
having been reconstructed between
1871 and 1896. This town was official
ly known as San Carlos de Barrancas.
that being the original application to
the locality of the Spanish word bar
ranca." signifying broken, in the sen
in which the term is applied to
landscape.
Folch's purpose in laying out the
town was to substitute it for Pensa-
cola as the chief town and capital Of
the province. OF the real motive which
prompted the design no information
can be obtained. His scheme was de-
feated, however. by his inability to
procure for it the ropal approval, the
probable result of an appeal by the
king by the inhabitants of Pensacola
Not content with making Pensacola
tilities against the United States. in
1914 there came into the harbor
British fleet, with a body of marines.
the former under the command of
Captain W.. Henry Percy. and the
latter under that of Lieut.. Col. Edward
Nichols, for the purpose oftaking pos
session of it's Notifications. This the
imbecile Maurique permitted them to
do. Fort George. which had been
named ST. Michael by the Spanish. re-
sumed it's English name and received
British garrison. whilst the flag at
ST. George once again floated from its
ramparts. Fort San Carlos and the
battery on Santa Rosa Island were
also turned over to the British. And
at the same time, the governors house
was made the headquarters of Percy
and Nichols.
The Civil War.
With the causes that led up to the
war an dthe convention that took
Florida out of the Union, this record
has nothing to do. but it may with
propriety mention some facts precedent
to the organizations of the various
companies and regiments that served
during the war between the states.
In January, 1861. the United tSates
occupied on the Apalachicola river
the arsenal at Chattahoochee. where
small quantity OF arms and ammu-
milton OF war were stored; on PEN
sacola Bay. the Navy Yard. Fort Bar
rancas with forty pieces of artillery.
Fort McRae with 125 pieces of artil-
lery, Fort Pickens with 201 heavy
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-03-30

For every woman who was engaged
In industrial occupation In England at
the commencement of the war there
were twenty-five similarly employed
when hostilities ceased
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-21
GALES Of q SE5ee7
e @dUcide See
Raaa a asY&s3y - GRANT, AND RICE

of the leading pros will take shot
at the open.
There has been a plan under way TO
have Brady, Hagen and two other star
pros. 90 after laurels abroad, and this
plan Will be carried through unless
some unexpected hitch comes
There viii very likely be q return
visit from Abe Mitchell ana poss bly,
from one Of the big three, Vardon
Braid or Taylor, with a chance that
Geo. &c Duncan will be added to the
list
The international competition will
be started, for England, on her side,
hasn't yet got ever the shock that
Ouim-t 'nred Vardon and Ray, while
Il e Uni.ed States has a long line Of
disasters in the British amateur cham
pionship to think over-includ ing the
allure of such golfers as Travers,
Evans and Ouimet to get very far
Evars, in his last attempt, never had
chn"cN, as his oppolen went mad
and dashed cut in 81 Evans, out in IS
ether led with or below par, was 4
down At the turn.
c. lex has his eyes focused on the
other side, and both Gu met and Bobby
Jones are seriously cons dering an
english invasion. 1t is Almost a GER
tain that BOBBY and Perry Adaiz will
get over together.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-12-21
Marquand Swimmers
Win Fourth Straight

Marcuand School natators scored
their fourth consecutive victory of the
season by defeating Flu hing High
School in dual swimming meet in the
tank Of the Central Branch Y NJ. C. A.
in Brooklyn yesterday. The tally was
20 points to "a. Marquand had pre-
v1ous'v triumphed over S uvvesant, De
Witt Clinton and St. Paul's.
MrrQuard cap ured roe first places
and tied for another in the six events
Archie Morrison. of Marquand was n
star performer, taking first in the 220
ward tvirg with S err an Flush ng
for chief honors in the form dive and
being q member of the winning team
in the 220-yard relay.
The 8 mmaries:
5o-yard swi'n-Won by LindhoIrr. FLUSH.
lam son, Flus ing. third. Time, 0 80
howard swinl-Won by Sherman Flush.
| ing; MaSet. MarQuand. second: Greenberg
Flushing. third. Time. 1903
22o,yard swiln-Won by Morrison. Mar
Brown, Flushing. third Time. ass
200 yard relay-Won by Marquard a.
Brown. Huntley Mazet Morrison) Flush.
Ing. Williamson. D. Brown. Lindholn
Sc eunang). second. Time. l:54
Form dive-Tie for first place between
Morrison. Marquand and Sherman Flush.
ing. each with 27ta points. Williamson
Plunge for di>tance-Won by Thorman
Marquand. - feet; Knebel. Flushing, a
feet. second: Kirstein. MarQuand. IS feet,
third.