Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1919-01-30
RAILROAD PROBLEM QUESTION OF
STUBBORN FACT, mot OF THEORY
McAdoo Favors FWeYear Test Period in Which to Prove Which
Is Better Government Ownership or Private Ownership
Wisely Regulated Under Superior Authority
of Federal Government.

| OF L0e rallrOaOS are resisting pur-
chases of necessary equipment for
| their account. Many of the necessary
| improvements, such as joint terminals,
while Of great benefit to the public,
are not relished by some railroad cor
porations for competitive and there
! fore selfish reasons. Such improve
ments would result in great econo-
mics, without which it probably would
| be impossible to reduce passenger or
| freight rates during the tWenty-one
months period. 1t is impossible to
carry forward an adequate program
Of improvements and to demonstrate
! those operative economies which will
! cheaper transportation in a shorter Pc
riod than five years.
Must Keep Out of Politics.
/ would prefer not to mention poll
| tics in connection with this problem,
because primarily it is an economic
question. But we must not be blind.
| The American people have been dis
I cussing the railroads for generations;
| almost every man in public life has
subject. In 1920 there will be presi-
/ Dental election. 1t is idle to suppose
| that under such conditions it will be
| possible during this or the next con-
| gress to secure calm and deliberate
consideration Of the ultimate solution
| of the problem, much less a fair and
adequate permanent settlement. This
vital question must not be settled in
| the heat or passion Of partisan poll
| tics; it must be dealt with in the calm
of an inter-presidential election period.
Some Of the opponents of the sug-
geSted five-year extension of federal
control appear to do SO on the ground
that the operating revenues during the
year 1915 will be insufficient to pay
the rentals guaranteed to the owners.
They forget that most of the wage
increases granted to employees took
effect January 1, 1918, whereas the
increased passenger and freight rates
did not go into effect until six months
later. If increased freight and pas
senger rates had gone into effect jan
uary 1, 1918, at the same time as the
wage increases, there would have been
no deficit. They also forget that the
government took over the roads when
they were completely paralyZed and
when the greatest congestion Of traffic
in their history was upon them. 1t
cost the government millions Of dollars
to clear up the congestion and get the
81
They also forget that blizzard followed
blizzard, and that it cost much money
to overcome their effects. They for
get, too, that the price of coal, Of steel,
and of other supplies was far above
normal during the past year. These
added expenses all would have had to
be met had the roads continued under
private control, and to pay for them,
rates would have had to be increased.
Private operation the past year would
have failed utterly and the deficit
would have been greater perhaps than
under government management.
Economies Can Be Effected.
Under peace conditions, and with a
period of five years Of federal control
assured, it should be possible to main
tain existing wages and working cOndi-
tons and to effect such economies,
that reductions in rates, both passen-
ger and freight, ought to follow with
in a reasonable time. UnQuestionably
economies can be effected under uni
fed control that cannot be practiced
under diversified control. Already the
extra charge of one-half cent mile
for riding in sleeping cars, imposed as
a war measure, has been removed, and
other restrictions enforced by the war
are rapidly disappearing.
Unfortunately some of the opposi-
ton to the proposed flve-year extern
sion is based on dissatisfaction with
service given the public during the
war. 1t is argued that conditions have
been bad, although this is not true.
1t can be stated as a fact, which can
not be successfully contradicted, that
service has been greatly improved un-
der federal control, in spite of the
! tremendous demands that the war
! needs have imposed. Here again it is
IOTSoIleH apparently tudI the TdllIoduS
were placed under government control
for the purpose of winning the war
against the German aut6cracy. The
first duty was to move troops and war
supplies. I have yet to hear sound
criticism of the manner in which that
pressing war need was met. Millions
of soldiers were moved safely and ex-
peditiously to the seaboard, and from
camp to camp. Foodstuffs, munitions
and other supplies were rushed to
ships at express-train speed. The
American railroads during the past
year have functioned for the war pur-
pose. Civilian travel and ordinary
business, while of necessity given Sec
ondary consideration, have been cared
for extraordinarily well in the diff
cult circumstances.
But even in the conduct of ordinary
business, the record made by the rail-
roads shines by comparison with the
record of private control in previous
wears when considered from the stand