davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13
e League of Nations Debate i'm Senate

as we believe, can she be OF the great
est service to the worlds peace and to
tho welfare of mankind
Kisses From Galleries
When Senator Williams. beginning
his reply to Senator Lodge, declared
the Massachusetts Senator always had
made a show of himself" he was in
terrupted by loud Kisses from the gal
iery. Senator Lodge had been applaud
ed for full minute when he ended
his address
Senator Williams bitterly attacked
the position of the Foreign Relations
chairman az bipartisan and narrow
81 hesitate very much he said, ITO
undertake to reply 70 the greatest pos
sible repared presentation Of the self
ishness Of American policy in an ex-
temporaneous answer. 1t is not new
presentation cf the personality Of the
Senator from Massachusetts, He has
always attempted + make a show of
himself"
1t was at this point that hisses and
"boos" came from the gallery and
drowned out the Mississippi Senator's
voice.
Vice President Marshall. after re
storing order. warned that IL the Sen
ate rules again were violated he would
order the galleries cleared
AS Fair and Impartial
Senator Williams continued that
Senator Lodge "has always attempted
to make show Of himself as being
non partisan and far and impartial
But the Senator REFERS" continued
Mr.. Williams, "to the fact that we
must render service of our own free
will to the world. How can any nation
render service of its own free will
cannot render service 10 Mississippi of
my own free viii. | must consult the
other people who are my neighbors
Mississippi cannot render service OF its
own free will.
"All the crossing Of IS and all the
dotting of is that the Senator from
Massachusetts has recourse to does not
make me forget that he has neglected
the weghtier matters of the law.
Leave out his crossing of IS and his
dotting of is and his finally, care
fully, three months prepared perora-
ton intended to appeal to the Senate
and the galleries, has he shown the
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13

slightest heart sympathy with -,
sire OF the world 10 have neaea, ne
ne shown any sympathy wi.h the ma as
o. the mother that her s,r sh.n 'ss
die useiessiy upon the battlefield, '''
Easy 10 Cast GbIooux
~ Is easy for the senator
ana cast obioquy upon fAe sen.sns.fa s.'fa
the President whop the Pr.s,as,s.e u
If you defeat the leagae of sad
you will break the heart a. ,ho .asiess ,.''ss
" tn an absolute cold NY rs,''o.
cynicism that invites fba s'@ae
every honest. human. loving ros. oi
merely made fun Of the urraso y
"A silg ght thing to breas he hear. 80 u, IS
world provided Republican nalir..s (,
the Senate Of the United states ~, "a
stake. arg d;
The Senator goes oac. ,n .,...
and he tcus US Of All the bravo 1T
that brave men haze ever dream. '.' s-'
then he makea fun 81 10 al IT.. ,ts
Alliance came from alfor-a,s ..,t.f
the perpctuatlor of srsacrat.e ,o,,as
1t failed Does it follow aocess,..'.' -.
therefore. thai an agreement .e,,s''',.'
the peoples of the earth sa.klnq -. -
lar power shall faii2 ''S+
ne senator can s'HHd thor. al
read his carefully prepared ssr.e..''. e-'
with the view ol controlling no,,,,.s
America. buf he cannot h|o, an. % =. -
fact that while ! am rltI1en Of A-,1e
ica am also a citizen of me worIss
Ears OF Groundiings
Referring 70 senator Iaare. s....
ton that tho covenaaf would 90.
the United States to send -roons - ~
iiediez in defending her '.t.e.'... ga
Senator Williams declared the NJ
chusetts Senator know ntea he -. 80.
1t that there was nethur of ihA, "a. a.
provided s'''
But 1t pleased the "a eresY o..
tinued Senator Mihama ~. ,,.f,s
the ears of the grounding A''s
II was IDLE. the Senator ...s - a.
tAat the United State mfrtt as for,.i
70 accept japanese imm.. ..is-iau usa..
the league --as'
WHO would force os 20 Do ,b.,~
ne asked. The dec nr would bsre =.
be unanimous. and woI>d rsat pr...
JOIN IN forcing us 70 io ttse II s..
Coataaeed 90, eef nage
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13

be done in the way of warlike acts
without the assent of Congress- If
that is true let us say so in the COW
onant
Under Our Own Command
II think we can move to victory much
better under our own command than
under the command of others Let US
unite with the world to promote the
peaceable settlement Of all interna-
tional disputes. Let us try to develop
international law Let US associate
ourselves with the other nations for
these purposes. But let US retain in
our own hands and in our own control
the lives of the youth of the land. Let
no American be sent into battle except
by the constituted authorities Of his
, own country and by the will of the
people of the United States
"Those of US, Mr.. President, who are
either wholly opposed to the league or
who are trying to preserve the indie
pendence and the safety of the United
States by changing the terms of the
League and who are endeavoring to
make the league, if we are to be a
member of it, less certain to promote
war instead of peace, have been re-
preached with sel6shness in our out
| country in a state of isolation SO far
as the question of isolation goes it is
impossible to isolate the United States
Nobody expects to isolate the United
States OF to make it hermit nation,
which is sheer absurdity. But there
is wide difference between taking
suitable part and bearing a due re-
sponsibility in world affairs and plung-
ing the United States into every con-
trovery and conflict on the face of the
globe. The fact that we have been sep
arated by our geographical situation
and by our consistent policy from the
broils of Europe has made us more
than any one thing capable of perform
ing the great work which we performed
IN the war against Germany, and our
disinterestedness is of far more value
to the world than our eternal meddling
in every possible dispute could ever be.
Endless Disputes and Entanglements
"Not only must we look carefully to
see where we are being led into end
less disputes and entanglements, but
we must not forget that we have in
this country millions Of people of for
eign birth and parentage. We shall
fill this land with political disputes
about the troubles and quarrels of
portion of our people voting not on
American questions and not on what
concerns the United States, but divid-
ing on issues which concern foreign
countries alone. That is an unwho
some and perilous condition to force
upon this country. We must avoid it.
We ought to reduce to the lowest pos
sible point the foreign questions in
which we involve ourselves.
"Never forget that this league is
primarily-l might say overwhelmingly
"a political organization, and I object
strongly to having the politics of the
United States turn upon disputes
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13

this clause, although the time for no.
tice, two years, is altogether too long
SIX months or a year would be found
l think. in most treaties to be the nor
NAL period fixed for notice Of with
drawal. But whatever virtue there
may be in the right thus conferred is
completely nullited by the proviso
The right of withdrawal cannot be ex-
ercised until all the international OBJ
legations and all the obligations of the
withdrawing nations have been full
filled, Remember that this gives the
league not only power to review all
our obligations under the covenant,
but all our treaties with all nations,
for every one of those is an inter
national obligation.'
"Are we deliberately to put ourselves
in fetters and be examined by the
have kept faith with Cuba or Panama
before we can be permitted to leave
the league? This seems to me humil-
ating, to say the least. The right of
withdrawal, if it is to be of any value
whatever, must be absolute
Little Chance of Amendment
81 have dwelt only upon those points
which seem to me most dangerous.
There are, of course, many others, but
these points, in the interest not only
of the safety of the United States, but
of the maintenance of the treaty and
the peace of the world, should be dealt
with here before it is too late. Once
in the league the chance of amendment
is so slight that it is not worth con-
sidering. Any analysis Of the provi-
sions of this league covenant, however,
brings out in startling relief one great
fact. Whatever may be said, it is not
a league of peace; it is an alliance,
dominated at the present moment by
hve great powers, really by three, and
1T has all the marks of an alliance.
The development of international law
is neglected. The court which is to
decide disputes brought before it fills
but small place.
"Ihe conditions for which this league
really provides with the utmost care
are political conditions, not judicial
questions, to be reached by the ex-
ecutive council and the assembly.
purely political bodies without any
trace of judicial character about
them. Such being its machinery, the
control being in the hands of political
appolntees whose votes will be con-
trolled BY interest and eXpediency, it
exhibits that most marked character
istic of an alliance-that it's decisions
are to be carried out by force. Those
articles upon which the whole struct-
nre rests are articles which provide
for the use of force; that is, for war.
This league to enforce peace does a
great deal for enforcement and very
little for peace. II makes more essen
tlal provisions looking to war than to
peace, for the settlement of disputes.
"Ihese provisions for war present
what to my mind is the gravcst objec-
ton to this league in its present form.
We are told that of course nothing will
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13
What Lodge Says of League

NvASHINGT0N 1eStriing Senator Lodges
- attack the league nations IN the Senate today
1T United States out of European
affairs keep Europe out Of the American contnents.
The Monroe Doctrine regional understanding than
it's international The instant the United States
ceases be the sole judge of what that instant the Monroe
Doctrine and disappears from hsory'
'lt is not league of peace; it is alliance"
Thoe articles which the whole structure articles
which This
enforce does deal little
peace
"This league is primarily political organization"
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13
Kisses and 'Boos" Punctuate [

sailles, was questioned by the Foreign
Relations Committee about the origin
of the league covenant and the mean
he had never seen the draft Of the
American plan, which was sent to the
Senate yesterday by the President, un-
til it had been printend and was ready
for submission to the commission. He
said the basis for the final draft of the
covenant was composite, which he
and c. j. p. Hurst, legal attache Of
the British Foreign Otfice, had pre-
paTed.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13

with this amendment, considering many
other features to be very bad.
It seems sure tonight also; entirely
aside from any action by the commit
tee, that a reservation or amendment
favoring the right of Ireland to inde-
pendence would be inserted in the
treaty. 1t was declared that while a
majority of the Senate may not really
favor such an amendment, it could not
be defeated if brought up for roll call
on the floor.
David H. Miller, legal adviser to the
league of nations commission at Ver-
New-York tribune., 1919-08-13

{ oHf'7f1fd ~ I09l
The evening world., 1919-10-25
JUMP FROM MOVING CAR
KILLS PATROLMAN'S WIFE
Mrs. Anna Benziger Dies at Hos.
pital With Mystery of Leap
Unexplained.

Mrs. Anna Benzlser. wife OF PATROL
man Benzlger. Of No, 2aA East S1St
Street died in Bellevue Hospital this
morning from Injuries received under
mysterious circumstances In an acci-
dent last night at 57th Street and Sec
ond Avenue.
The woman boarded southbound
car soon after midnight at 6sth Street,
accompanied by an unidentified man.
There appeared TO be a dispute between
them. and at 57th Street the man
Jumped off the moving car and dlsap-
peared. the woman following him. As
she jumped her body struck an ele-
waited pillar and was thrown back under
the wheels OF the car. Both her leEs
were crushed and were amputated al
Bellevue Hospital.
At the home OF Patroiman Benzger
the dead woman's sbter-in-law, who
refused her name. said her brother and
his wife had lived very happily dur,nl
the eight years OF their married life and
that they had a six -year-old daughter
Anna She could not tell who the mar
was that accompanied Mrs Benziger.
The evening world., 1919-10-25
FLYER IN CAPTURED PLANE
MAY WIN AERIAL DERBY
Fokker, Piloted by Col. H. E. Hart
ney, May Reach Mineola
TO-DAY.

BY flying l.I9l miles from San Fran.
cisco to North Platte. Mob. In about
eleven hours actual time. Lieut.. Col. II.
T.. Hartney. the only flyer who has had
any success with the German Fokker.
has become contender for a place in
the army's 5.too-mile ocean-to-oceRn
airplane reliability contest.
Unfavorable weather held Col. Hart
ney at the North Platte control station
yesterday. where. reports said. he was
putting his plane into condition in the
hope that he would be able TO cover
l.210 miles to Mlneoia in a single days
flying.
Members OF the Contest Board said
that II Col. Hartney should be able TO
bring his battered captured plane
through TO Mlneola in a single day he
would undoubtedly make such speed
that he would win first place ON the
point OF actual flying time.
Only five flyers remain In the race
They are Col. Hartney. Lieut.. d. i.
Gish. Lieut. II. W. sheridan, Capt
Frederick stelnle and Lieut.. II. NJ
Bagby. All are In the Middle West
racing for their ocean goal
The evening world., 1919-10-25
JOHNSON MAKING
FINAL FIGHT TO
AMEND TREATY
Debate on Proposal to Equal
ize Votes in League Is
Nearing the End.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 25.-The fight
in the Senate over the johnson
amendment to the Peace Treaty en-
tered its final phase to-day with u
plea by Chairman Lodge OF the
Foreign Relations Committee, that the
Senate accept the proposal which pro-
vides in effect that the voting power
OF the United states in the League OF
Nations be made equal to that of
Great Britain and her dominions.
Before the debate settled down to
the amendment itself there was an
other tilt over the activities OF the
League to Enforce Peace. Senator
Brandegoe said thousands OF dollars
spent by the organization in it's eff
forts for the treaty had been simply
thrown overheard" without changing
a vote in the Senate.
In reply Senator Hitchcock put in
to the record detailed statement of
the organization and work OF the
League to Enforce Peace. He added
that public opinion everywhere was
for the League of Nations and that
the only organized opposition was
by Bolshevists and Anarchists who
were afraid the League of Nations
would protect government whose
overthrow they desire"
The evening world., 1919-10-25
SIR THOMAS TELLS
OF PLANS TO LIFT
AMERICAS CUP
"Outfitting Gutter to Pace
Shamrock w.; Better Chance
to VIM" Says Upton.

LONDON. Oct. 25.-Before smiling
for America to-day Sir Thomas Lip-
ton. owner OF Shamrock ~. and o.hal-
lengcr for the Americas Cup, gave
out statement OF his plans.
Although have not received
formal acceptance OF the challenge, /
have every reason to believe the race
will take place next summer" said
Sir Thomas. II don't anticipate any
hitch In the plans as the challenge Is
Just renewal of one in 1914. and I
know American yachtsmen to be as
anxious for n race as myself. MY
visit In America will be very short
and will have to do mostly with the
race.
I am now outfitting twenty
three ton cutter. Shamrock. which |
will send 10 America in charge Of
w. +. Burton, one OF the best known
English yachtsmen to pace the sham
rock ~. in her trials.
The Shamrock Nv. will probably
DO In charge OF one OF the most
prominent amateurs connected with
the sport l cannot mention his name
as II hasn't been decided" (He re-
fers to J. II. Payne. II Is thought.)
AS the challenger Is not the same
type OF boat as the old Shhrarucks n
10 impossible to draw actual compar-
isons with American yachts. Per-
haps the Shamrock ~. will not he
able to repeat in American winters
her promising ability shown In Brit.
ish waters In 1914.
Many expert yachtsmen believe
that the chances to take the cur
back to England are better than II
any or tho past years. / have beer
trying for the cup for twenty years
and hope to be successful this
yenr.
III tho Shamrock w. loses ] will
repeat the explanation OF the past
n better boat won"
The evening world., 1919-10-25
BULGARS MAKE REPLY
ON THE PEACE TREATY
Accept League and Labor Clause
But Make Reservation on
Reparation.

PARIS. Oct. 25.-BuiERrlA's answer to
the terms OF peace presented her by the
Allied and Associated Powers Is mod
crate in tone and adheres unreservedly
to the clauses concerning the League OF
Nations and labor. II accepts the
principle OF the protection OF minor
tiles in Bulgaria on condition the same
measures are applied to other Balkan
States.
The reply makes reservations regard
ing reparntions. and protests especially
against the total sum demanded OF
Bulgaria. II asks for the suppression
OF interest charges and requests an ex-
tension OF the time limit for payment
Regarding the military clauses, Bull
garia objects to the voluntary enlist
ment system, maintaining that con-
scTiptlon alone can produce sufficient
forces to maintain order.
The lowest part OF the reply concerns
territorial clauses and protests against
notifications OF frontiers on ethical
gro" nd. proposes notably pleb-
isC race ana Its formation into
AT Gus state,
cspion prevails in conference
circlts ,aat the Allies are not likely TO
consent To any extensive modification
Of the original terms.
The evening world., 1919-10-25
POSSE HUNTING BANDITS
KILLS THE WRONG MAN
Later Captures Chauffeur for Gang
Who Robbed Beaver Falls Bank
and Murdered Director.

BEAVER FALLS, Pa. Oct. 25.-Of-
ficials OF Beaver County announced
to-day that the man who was klllSi
by a posse near Cooks Ferry, IS miles
from here, late last night was not ono
OF the three bandits who yesterday
robbed the state Bank OF Beaver Falls.
murdered n director OF the institution
and escaped with more than $500 in
currency.
The dead man was known as Tom
Mariana. Two companions gave theIr
names as Walter Roecella and Peter,
Mareno of youngstown, o. They sai4
that when members of the posse calltd
on them to halt they didn't understand
and started to run, and the shooting
followed.
The police here say they have the.
fourth member Of the bandit party inv
custody. lie was captured by the
posse eight miles from here, accord-'
ing to the police, and gave the name
OF A. ]. Bergman of Pittsburgh. Ho
confessed that he drove the automo-Y
bile in which the bandits travelled
from Pittsburgh to Beaver Falls, ad-
ding that the three men had hired
him and that he had no knowledge OF
the robbery until after the shooting
occurred. Three other suspects ard
under arrest at YOUNGSTOWN, o.
The evening world., 1919-10-25
ALONEN CONVICTED
'OF ANARCHY, FACES
1O-YEAR SENTENCE
Paivio Also Guilty Under Law
Passed After Mckinley
Assassination.

The first trial under the criminal
anarchy statute rassed after the as
sasslnation OF President Mckinley
resulted early to-day in the convic-
ton Of Carl Paivio and Gust Alonen
in the Criminal Branch Of the Su-
preme Court. Justice Weeks will
hear motions and probably pass SEN
tence next Tuesday. They may get
ten years.
The defendants were charged with
printing anarchistic articles in a
Finnish paper called the Class Strug-
gle in this city. They denied respon-
sibility for the articles. The jlry was
out only two hours.
During thd trial, which lasted two
weeks, threats were made against
Justice Weeks and Assistant District
Attorney Rorke, and their homes
have been under guard every night
since. All persons entering the
court room had TO give their names
and addresses, and there were special
guards in and around the building.
The prosecution was one indirect
result OF the Lusk legislative COM
'mittee inquiry into criminal anarchy.
Counsel for Paivio and Alonen. said
they would appeal and test the le-
gality OF the States criminal anarchy
statute.
Justice Weeks. in thanking the jury
for its verdict. said there was no
doubt in his mind the article OF the
defendants purporting 70 attack
capitalism was an attack on our form
Of Government. A little OF such
poison, he said, might destroy the
whole body polite.
Mr.. Rorke, in thanking the jury,
said he believed 1t was sending out
a message throughout the country
that will be a light 10 guido other
communities"
'If this sort Of teaching is
coddled," he said, "in the next ten
years we would have an overthrow in
this and other countries. It's a mess
age the law must be obeyed. danger
Gus theories OF this kind uprooted and
their teachers dealt with under the
criminal law"
The evening world., 1919-10-25
URGED TO REORGANLZE INDUSTRIAL CONGRESS
Mrs. Daniel G.. Reid Asks
DiUOrce in Counter Suit
To Establish Innocence

resented at the trial. Edmund l.
Mooney. Mrs. Reds attorney. said
she is bringing the suit 10 lnsure
herself a day in court in case her
husband does not bring his suit 30
trial. Tho papers in his action are
still locked up and the case has not
been set down on the court calendar.
In her complaint Mrs. Reid alleges
that her husband at various times
aud places since March q. 1919, has
been guilty OF improper conduct with
other women. The date, March q. Il
was learned, is the day upon which a
separation agreement was entered
into by Mrs. Reid and her husband.
At the time that Mr.. Reid filed the
papers in his suit it was shown that
he had his wife shadowed by de-
tectives when she made the trip
across the continent to California
after living for a while at tho St
Regis and Chatham Hotels in this
city. Mrs. Reid. 1t was learned to-
day, has returned from Redwood.
Cal, where she was living, and is
now In Now York.
The separation suit which led to
the agreement OF March % mentioned
by Mrs. Reid in her complaint was
started by her last February. but was
never brought to trial.
Mrs. Reid is the third wife OF the
financier. He lost the Arst two by
The evening world., 1919-10-25
DRY LAUNDRIES REJECT
CLOSED SHOP COMPROMISE

Tho laundry strike. which seemed TO
be approaching It's end this morning.
was suddenly revived this afternoon
under circumstances forecasting long
hght
A tentative agreement had been
reached between representatives OF the
strikers and representatives OF the
rough dry" laundry owners. and the
agreement was to be submitted to the
two main bodies for ratification.
While the strikers were preparing to
vote this afternoon. however. a mes
sage reached them that the trough dry"
owners organization had voted against
ratincation. The strikers then an
nounced the fight would continue.
The evening world., 1919-10-25

furlng 10 deliver coal TO state insti-
tutions. while Governors had wired
60 the mine workers organization for
relief (which we are powerless 60
grant"
All apparent hope OF averting the
strike through agreement vanished
last night when Secretary wilson's
four-day conference with the scale
committees OF the miners and opera
tors broke up despite the appeal Of
President Wilson from his sick bed
to thom TO brush aside the old ami
mositles and start negotiations anew
with arbitration as a last resort.
II was pointed out to-day that
under the war time national defense
act. still in effect, the President had
the power to take over the mines and
compel their operation.
While the operators accepted the
Presidents proposal. made In a mes
sage conveyed TO both sides through
Secretary Wilson. the miners agreed
only 20 negotiate the disputed dues-
tions and held over for consideration
the two other proposals, namely, that
the controversies be submitted TO
arbitration IL negotiations failed. and
that the mines be kept in operation
pending the negotiations.
Estimates to-day placed the coal
stock Of the nation at little more
than one months supply.
Director Gen. Hines was warned
to-c1y in a letter from the National
Wholesale Coal Association that
while the coal dealers did not qucs-
ton the right OF the railroads 10
confiscate coal mined for the deal
ens, they would demand compensa-
ton for such action not merely on
the basis OF the FUELS value but Also
on the basis OF damage 20 business
and other factors affecting the rcpu-
tation of the dealers.