davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dolores star., 1919-10-31

Sam Pinkerton has excepted posi-
tion in the Harris Bros. Mercantile
Company's store.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-31

Typewriter erasers at The Star office
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
COTTON'S IMMUNITY.
Tho Geographical Philosophy Under.
lying Recent Federal Taxes.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SrN--Str: The
editorial article on The Confederate Ex-
port Duty on Cotton proved interesting
reading to me IN view Of tho fact that II
seems Il was not necessary for tho Ad-
ministration to amend the Constitution In
order TO impose the IAN per cent NUM-
tons tax. which was a tax on only the
finished product while the ingredients
making UP the finished product were not
taxed.
l understand that cotton enters largely
into the manufacture OF gunpowder, and
the demand for cotton forced the price
up but, so far as recall. no tax was
imposed.
At the time this munitions tax was I'm
posed. we were not at war and the NUM-
tons were exported; 20 It would seem
that this was an export tax In the full
sense OF tho word.
presume II cotton had been taxed
as an ingredient IN the manufacture OF
powder we would have heard from the
South that the Government had no con-
stitutional authority 10 tax cotton; that
authority applying only to products north
OF the Mason and Dixon line. in other
words. It was a geographical authority
and the Intellectual, financial giants from
Horseshoe Neck saw TO II that II was
not applied TO their particular section or
producta n. II
NEWARK. n. J.. February II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

II to overthrow the constitutional
objections and to establish itself In
spite Of them. We are confident that
II our correspondent gives a second
thought to the matter. and especially
IL he turns again to the text of the
section he cites, he will see that a
treaty becomes the supreme law of
the land only when It has been made
under the authority Of the Constitu-
ton. The same thing Is true Of the
statutes enacted under authority of
the Constitution:
This Constitution, ana me laws Of
the United States which shall BIO made
IN pursuance thereof, and all treaties
made under tho authority Of the Urncd
States, shall be the supreme law Of the
land"
Mr.. HUBBELL will observe that
equally with treaties the Legislative
enactments are described as part OF
the supreme law of the land but both
are clearly under the Constitution
and dependent upon its warrant for
their valid existence. II a treaty
therefore, can amend the Constltu'
ton. an ordinary statute can do II
also, and this reduces the PROPOSE
ton to absurdlty.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

ceive the cross Of merit In the shape
Of bronze medal IL he Is faithful
and endureth to the end.
The Boys Working Reserve is really
sublimated boy scout movement. To
join It you have to be a good scout,
and II you stick to It you become a
most useful working member Of So
ciety. Dean EUGENE DAVENPORT Of
the University Of Illinois has pre-
pared a series of lessons for high
schools to give their boys who are
intending to Join the Reserve this
summer. These lessons are prefaced
by valuable explanations and sugges-
tons and chief among the latter is
the exhortation to the city boy not to
talk too much and to the country boy
to receive the city worker as a guest
and treat him as an ignorant younger
brother who Is eager to learn. Each
Is warned that the other is different,
and for that very reason each Is good
for the other. City and country boys
have too often in the past been like
French and English in their mutual
, mistrust and misunderstanding, but
there Is every reason to believe that
the Boys Working Reserve this sum-
mer will either bridge the channel or
tunnel under 1t and establish a last
ing and = loving entente between city
and country.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

THE Sun IL In the forefront Of those
who hope for the abolition Of war
by any practical scheme that does
not involve the abolition or impair
ment Of our national sovereignty and
Independence. But II the present
project means the elimination Of the
Monroe Doctrine;' II IL means the
restriction Of our Independence; II
It means we are tying our hands as
concerns the independent action Of a
free people and a free nation; II 1t
means that the United States shall
carry the load and pay in large
measure the bills OF maintaining
peace In all the little countries of
Europe and throughout the world
tho little tribal nations and the big
nations as well; II It means the
hampering Of this nation in its
economic relations to and with the
other nations OF the world, Is It good
enough for this free people, this free
nation-is It the thing we want?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

Serbian claims to the Banat region
opposite to Belgrade, and they refuse
any settlement which would divide
the territory Of the Dobrudja with
the Bulgarians.
As a result Of these complications
the Austrians declare that they are
placed In the most unfortunate posi-
ton Of all these nations. The pres
ent Austria is described by DIR.
OTTo BAUER, the Foreign Minister, as
"a poor mountain state, dependent
upon the outside world for support
and not rich enough to pay for It." A
federation with her Danublan neigh
bors might have helped her; but this
failing, Austria declares that her
only hope is In a union with Ger
many. When the suggestion was
first made the French Foreign Min
lister, STEPHEN PIcHoN, declared
France was opposed to It; he has
again expressed Frances opposition
by his disapproval of the action Of
the Austrian Assembly in declaring
for the union.
France. however. has been in
clined to favor a Danube federation,
and there appears at present a like
lihood that some understanding or
agreement may be effected by which
Austria will obtain the supplies
needed for her industries and also
an outlet for her products. II this
could be brought about It would
secure an Independence Of Austria
which would be more acceptable to
the great mass Of the people than a
union which would completely sub
merge the Austrian state into a
greater Germany.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

A Danube federation, 50 much dis
cussed in the past and so frequently
proposed as a remedy for the financial
and economic Ills of southeastern
Europe, has apparently failed at a
moment that seemed most favorable
for its formation. For the first time
the region which would be included in
such a confederation is divided into
number OF small separate states
and according 10 the plans of the
state builders this Is the time that
all Of them would be most strength
ened by union of interests. In
stead. German Austria declares that
It would be impossible for her to
enter into a confederation, while the
other states have announced their In
ability thus far to arrive at a COM
mon agreement or understanding.
The crafty METTERNIcH used the
scheme Of a Danube confederation in
advancing the interests Of Austria. 1t
was in his planning a strong union
that extended from Germany to the
Mediterranean, with Austria as the
predominating Power. 1t may have
been merely threat, but 1t was never
theless a pawn that he used success
fully in his diplomatic game. This
use would be impossible to-day even
by a Metternich on account Of the
outspoken opposition Of the states and
tho apparently irreconcilable differ
ences among them.
There has been evidently an under
standing between the Czecho-S lovaks
and the Jugo-Slavs as to their mutual
interests. But according to the state.
ments from Budapest neither of these
people have made any agreement with
the Magyars Of Hungary. The Ger,
man Austrians are in much the same
position. Among the Balkan States
the differences between the Bulga.
rians and Serbians remain irreconcil.
able; the Rumsnians are opposing the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
A Lesson From Seattle.

The Seattle shipyards whose metal
trades workers struck on January
81 for higher wages, bringing about
a general strike by which 1t was
sought to paralyze the life Of the city
Immediately. and ultimately all the
industries Of the Pacific coast. will
reopen tomorrow with the old wage
scale in effect. The strikes have
been broken. or have broken down.
The district will resume its normal
activities for time at least.
In the history of this ambitious
walkout there is a lesson for every
American community. II not for
every community In the world. 1t is
to be read in the record Of the public
officials who without hesitation or
weakness performed the routine du-
ties Of their Offices and met the ex-
traordinary obligations imposed on
them by the strike without fear, favor,
or hysteria. They did not falter in a
crisis They were prompt to provide
ioI tiiC piotcttiph VI CitlLcuS III tuelT
property and lives. They made no
concessions to those who attempted to
usurp their functions and substitute
the rule Of the mob for the rule Of
the law. They did not threaten,
they acted. When the emergency
was created they met It calmly and
without buster. What they said
they intended to do they did. The
revolutionary propaganda never got
beyond words, serious disorder was
averted. and the industrial dispute
was not allowed to develop into a
social upheaval.
The riots, the pitched battles, that
have marked the progress of 30 many
labor disputes in the United States
have been due almost without excep-
ton to shifty public officers who for
one reason or another neglected or re-
fused to do their duty firmly at the
very beginning Of the troubles. Their
indecison and paltering has cost the
country millions in property and tho
lives of many men. They have shown
us how strikes as they affect the pub
lie peace should not be handled, and
the Seattle authorities have shown us
how public authorities should act In a
| time of labor unrest.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
EVENTS TODAY.

Twelfth annual washington- Lincoln AIN,
ner OF the speakers Club Murrays. West
Forty-second street. 7 P. N.
versity Of Missouri and United States SEP.
ator selden p. Spencer will speak at ths
dinner. of the University of Missouri
Using Club. ~ East Twenty-hfth street
Dinner in honor of Job s. Hedges by n.
Society Of Arts and Sciences Hotel ait
J. b. Ellsworth will speak on THE Tel.
phone in Reconstruction Work" Major
tlemen," auspices New York League
Advertising Women. a. East Twenty am
street, $50 =. NJ.
Prof. Franklin II. Giddlngs will speak o.
what Americanism Do We want" Co
lumbia House, tis West ll7th street,
twelfth annua, meeting and victory Dir
ner OF the Corset Manufacturers Associs ..
ton Of the United States, Hotel Astor.
Testimonial dinner In honor OF John "
Riehl- president OF the Sational psrnc-
cratic Club. Hotel Commodore. +. ".
Annual meeting of tho Brooklyn chan
streets, Brooklyn. P. NJ
Concer, OF Irish .Gallic- ans Wis
folk SONGS under the direction % the PC
pies Music League, Cooper Union. p
Lecture by Edward Howard GrisE' On
THE War and the Reconstruction OF 50
ciety." Carnegie Hall, IL A. NJ.
Meeting Export Managers Association o.
New York. Bush Terminal Sales building
West Forsy,seGond street. 1:sO p NJ
Bush Terminal Sales Ruilding. Tss'
| Forty-second street. . T.. NJ
Luncheon OF the Fifth Avenue Assets
ton. Delmonlco's, ?. VI.
Children's Museum. Brooklyn. lecture -
! Wonders OF tho Sea, by NJ. u. Lee. rub
| tect. Some Interesting Mollusks,' : 81
Lecture by Leon II. Nincen: on 'L0An
Paul Jones in History and Fiction" L'c-
| ture Hall. P. NJ; Mrs. clara T. Moor..
will lecture on The Habit OF Heath ard
Happiness" Lecture Hall. slS = ~
Brooklyn Institute
Printing Statements Guild. dinner. Hotel
McAlpin, p. NJ.
New York Jovian League, lunch-on,
| Hotel McAlpin. 1890 y. ",
| Airedale Terrier Club. bsnrhinE A.
| Judging Hotel McAlpin. all day,
New York and New Jersey Plant Grow
| ers Association. dinner. Hotel McAlpin. :
p. NJ
Coated Textile Manufacturer. mes''oS
| and luncheon. Hotel McAlpn, 10 a
Kiwan's Club. luncheon, Hotel M-A'7'7.
Jpn.
American Institute Of Mining rnr'a'.-'
Canadian Day. 20 West Thirty ninth stree.
| $50 A. NJ
Tho men and women worker. In 'r.
| headquarters OF the Atlantic dlflFi.r .
| the Red Cross. - East Tven'y-'h =
| street. will he given their r'ryl~o beds
lat reception to be rendered IN 'heI- 81 .'
at tho Waldorf by Ethan Allen. marrs"
sP.M.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
Parliamentary status or President
Wilson's Committee Report.

The Times derives comfort from its
belief that "his president WIIsoN'sl
triumph in securing unanimous ap-
proval Of the League Of Nations Con.
stitution Is one in which every Amer
lean may take pride"
We profoundly hope that our neigh
hor will suffer no discomfort when 1t
learns that a constitution Of League
of Nations does not exist; that a re-
I'ort Of committee Of form for a
proposed constitution has not been ap-
proved; that It lies on the table OF the
Peace Conference, where, in plenary
session. the chairman Of the Confer
cnce, Premier CLEMEScEAu, assured
Premier lIUoHEs Of Australia that the
committee report Is open to debate,
amendment, adoption or rejection.
IT has not yet been the subject
even Of a motion to approve.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
THE UNION OF WILLS"
Is the League Of Nations Constitution
silly or Subtlef

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-str: The
constitution of the union Of Wills 10 be-
fore us. Not a league" mind you. .
-union." 1t is either very subtle or very
silly. Perhaps the high significance Of II
10 beyond the comprehension OF ordinary
grovellings such as J. But will some
ethereelly minded world citizen tell ut
wherein the thing IL u single step beyond
the Hague Convention
One important difference may be no
ticed: The Hague Convention repre-
scented the united Wills" of forty-tour
Powers. This new covenant of tho world
is the contrivance OF i've great Powers
who take the business Of making peace
with Germany as an occasion for regu-
lating the universe. Otherwise, after be-
ing stripped Of those things which are in
conflict with the fundamental law OF
this land. and of which It must be di.
vested before the United States may be-
came a signstory, this document IL
simply the Hague Convention revamped
with finer bombsst
notice that the preamble states Gin.
ternal cooperation among the objects
to be promoted. suppose this was "a
excuse the inclusion OF such vagaries a,
those contained in Article Xxx. concern
ing labor. This clumsy subterfuge ID
undoubtedly intended to allay the Brit.
ish laborites. It Is on n par with other
provisions pertaining to matters OF
purely domestic concern which the per.
petrators of this hotchpot know will
never be submitted TO international man.
agement-
Japan applied the acid test TO the sin
certify of this sort OF tho proposals. con.
| tanned in the scheme when its delegates
! advocated the inclusion OF a commitment
against race prejudice. AT that stage Of
the deliberations the discontinue OF the
proposed president OF the world and OF
his second self-the gentleman from
Texas--can be imagined. It may be they
both thought Of the number of negroeI
| burned at the stake in their own countr,
since we entered the war. At any rate
the Japanese proposal was spurned. i
Is interesting to note that the mandate
! covering Africa carefully provides fol
members OF the league" OF course the
mundane mind will wonder IL that hal
| anything to do with the altruism which
is the sole motive behind the whole plan
The obtrusion of one black face into tn,
millennium creates moral pandemonium
GEORGE W. CRAWFORD.
NEw HAVEN, Conn.,. February II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
GUAM'S QUEER SPooKS.
Evil Spirits Feared by People Of Our
Little Pacific Islands.
Fro~ tAs Guam Neps Letter.

Guam IL full OF spooks; you hard
headed Americans walk right through
them, tramping on their tender toes with
your heavy boots. and you laugh at the
shy Chamorro who dares confess fear
OF them. Perhaps one reason for the
fixed native belief that we arc a strange
breed of animal, so different from them
as to be hardly human. 10 to be found in
our cailous indifference and blindness to
all the spirits that torment them
Best known OF all are tho Taotaomona
(the People OF Before Timer. who live
on. deathless, in the wilds. They are
undoubtedly the last echoes Of those I'M
tanned chieftains Of the Chamorros who,
resisting tho spaniard to the death. lived
outlawed in tho wilderness. All the
legends about them agree as to their
great height and their fear OF fire. as
well as their hatred OF being spied upon.
One white man 10 supposed TO have
seen a Taotaomona. possibly old Tam.
but himself. on the rife range at Asan
It is q creepy yarn: he was working
alone at the 500 yard firing point. wher
he glanced up and saw. near the butts
what he took TO be a man in a lone
cape. A moment later he looked up again
to find that the man, with incredible
speed. had come half the distance
toward him. and IN n second more he
had covered the remaining 500 yards
At the sight OF the white man watching
he spread his cloak into great bat wing,
and tapped across the road. out OF sigh
behind the wooded promontory there.
There is another kind OF giant. a sor'
OF Moloch, of whom the white rep never
hear: the Maso- song -sung-cs-la-gua-
china, he with the gaping hole in hi,
side, covered with a banana leaf or q
cocoanut husk. All tho little brown
babies know him, because their mothers
have told them how he grabs the bat
children and pops them into the hole
| then claps his banana leaf over Il and
stalks away.
Blu" also Is the Chamorro term foi
the queer spectral dogs with flaming
saucer eyes. who dig mouldy human bone,
from under dwelling houses. or sneal
behind one in the gloom. only TO Leaf
high over head and vanish II looked at
These dogs seem 10 be blood kin to tn,
kind OF werewolf that nourishes IN tho
country districts OF Luzon. Besides tn,
| several kinds OF Btu" there are ais
the sad and tender ghosts. the mother
who comes back from the grave 20 warI
her daughter TO repentance. the wifi,
whose Borrowing head floats suspended
in air over her sleeping husband-thes'
are the "Fafanagui."
Spirit and ghost. both are feared snt
spoken OF with awe by the Chamorro
but moro dreaded than either Is thu
magic maker in the flesh. the witch. or
to give her Chamorro name. the Cacaj ina
Sometimes this witch is credited with thu
evil eye, which Is the reason tina
mothers hang Chinese charms OF blaci
ivory around the necks OF precious
babies. AS ono young matron explained
It: when the evil eye sees my bah!
tho Jiga breaks, the baby not break"
Magic yet fouriehes in Guam; but {
We witches. fairies. ghosts and devils
your time is snort Te. years mots an
the American school will have done 70,
TO dcath--forever.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
Freedom" in New Guise.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sir: Back
in the SOS Union Forever. One and In.
separable" was the guiding sentiment OF
our country. Now the couplet should
read: Union Forever, Ono and In
soluble" because tho proposed Consti-
tuition OF the League OF Nations would
dissolve tho good out OF our Constitution
and rob America OF It's sovereignty. We
would have to approach a foreign as
sembly lin which We might be outvoted
by weaker Powers) humbly asking:
May We be permitted to build 3ust one
more ship,
May we be permitted to have . new
style of rife. and how many? May we
be permitted to control the Panama
Canal?
May we be permitted TO display the
Stars and Stripes and under what con-
ditions?
We ask. What nation has frightened
us, and OF what combination of nations
do We stand IN mortal dread that we
should seek protection at tho expense OF
selfgovernment?
Surely the splendid records made BY
our War and our Navy departments In
Europe ought to teach US to shun foreign
ansIements and alliances OF any sort
Our taxes this year will teach US tina,
we have cares enough without longing
for greater responsibilities or for the
delights of acting as "Mandator' fol
weaker nations
II the Constitution OF the League oil
Nations Is a specimen OF the New Free.
dom" promised OF late years, who wants
any OF III
We are not ready 20 adjust the rope
around our own necks. and the sooner
foreign nations learn this attitude Of the
United States the better. VS.. A
MONMOUTH COUNT. y. J.. February II
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18
sublimated Boy Scouts.

Uncle SAM has a new scheme for
mixing up city and country boys. He
has Just issued q poster through the
Department Of Labor exhorting ali
city high school boys to Join the Boys
Working Reserve and plan to spend
their next summer vacation working
alongside of their country cousins on
the farm.
This Is not a particularly novel
idea, but the need is new. One vic
tory has to be followed up by another,
as NAPOLEON found to his sorrow, and
the present victory over arms must
be followed up by the conquest Of the
worlds restitution. Make the Vic
tory Good" is the slogan. The enemy
is overcome. but the millions he has
made destitute must be fed and
clothed. Hence an army Of working
producers Is imperative, especially on
the farm, that supreme base Of all
supplies.
Here is where the city high school
boy comes in. Here is the reason for
the existence of the Boys Working
Reserve. The country boy belongs to
it, willy rf. TIN boy wf7p has left
school had best stick to his perma-
nent Job. But the high school boy in
the city Is exhorted to give his three
or four months Of leisure to the cause
of food production for Europe.
The only appeal made to the boy Is
to his sense Of honor, to the fact that
the world needs him more In this line
of work than in any other. He Is
! frankly told that he will have many
hardships and not be paid as we'll as
in many other occupations. He can
comfort himself with the thought that
the soldiers Job Is never attractive
from the money standpoint and that
It has taken some soldiers many long
hard months to get to the Rhine. But
the soldier principle has to enter a
boys life sooner or later II he Is tc
amount to anything, and there Is nc
better place to acquire such military
virtues as physical endurance and the
ability to handle oneself in an emer
gency than on a farm. With thi,
the boy gains valuable practical
knowledge, leads healthful life ant
has held out to him as sugar plum,
the possibility OF having his new ex
periences count for credit" in hi.
school record, and he may also re
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-18

BY a comparison OF the death rate sta
tlstics which General MARCH has pub
lished with those of the civil war there
can be obtained a very brief and sig
nificant commentary upon the char
acter OF modern warfare, That army
sanitation and health have attained a
higher standard and that the deadly
efficiency OF weapons has been i'm
proved is demonstrated. Whereas the
disease death rate OF the civil war was
So per 1000, this war can boast of the
low percentage OF II per 1000. But
similarly has the battle death rate in,
'S-eased-fsym 80 -ieaths per ..0e0 mer
OF the Federal army 10 81 for every
thousand OF the Expeditlonary Force
Two OF the apocalyptical four horse,
men have thus changed places in the
cavalcade OF death.