davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1919-11-29

Mrs. r. B. Wells of Mobile spent
Thanksgiving day here with her sister.
Mrs. w. NJ Denny, Jr.
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1919-11-29

w p
The Pascagoula chronicle. (Pascagoula, Miss.) 1905-1920, 1919-11-29

J. N+nt uIHIzj A.. H. "a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

Certain economic difficulties
are obvious. One is that the law makes
it difficult for woman of sub-standard
capacity to find employment, since she
cannot be paid in accordance with the
value of her work. Another is that the
minimum wage will tend to become the
maximum as we'll, and some workers
will be underpaid by reason of the en-
forced overpayment of the less cap
able
In Maids, Wives and Widows" Rose
Falls Bres, an eminent woman lawyer
writes:
In England and Australia authority
is vested in wage boards to fix minimum
wages for men workers as we'll az
women and minors; whereas in America
these laws relate exclusively to women
workers and to minors. If it were pro-
posed in this coantry to vest authority
in any tribunal to fix by law wages for
men, Labor would protest by every
means in it's power. Through organiza-
ton the Vages Of men can and will be
maintained at a higher minimum than
they aoould be If fred by legal enact
meut.'
Women also know and appreciate
the benefits of organization, and ask
to be freed from legal swaddling clothes,
that they may step out of the children
and minor" class and take their rightful
place in the industrial world: standing
shoulder to shoulder with the fathers,
both real and potential, working under.
equal conditions and protecting the
Child.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
ig g. Members ON Special Laws for Women

to- compete with female workers in the
neckwear tackers' industry at pittance
per gross, under the delightful condi-
tons guaranteed by the Consumers League
sunlight label and the benefcent glow that
comes from the political promises Of the
W. t. U. l.. programme.
The W. r. L. L considers woman labor
in the light of an adulterant-someth
on the order of benzoate of soda-to be
used when and where and in the proper
tons set by the state, and considers itself
sole License to dispense =, this t4' aduterant
custodian of the pure food law.
But woman labor is not adulteraN for
the labor market; it is so per cent of the
basic labor force OF every state. And
since the war accelerated industrial prog
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

protest against present and pending
maternalstic legislation. That self-de-
termination is as necessary to our eco
nomic wellbeing as it is to small ma
lions is illustrated by the effects of the
labor law prohibiting the employment of
any woman IN factory after 10 p. m.
or before a. m. since July, 1913. While
this bill was before the Legislature very
few of the women to be affected by it's
provisions knew anything about it; those
who heard in time protested, but their
protests went unheeded. The records
of the New York Factory Investigating
Commission contain not a single bit of
testimony by any woman who worked on
a night shift asking for this law, but
these same records do contain spirited
protests both against the law and it's
implications of immortality on the part
Of night workers.
Women printers working night shifts
were assured that this legislation would
not affect them; that it was designed
to protect women in the unorganized
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

ress it is large percentage of every trade,
skilled and unskilled, and SHOULD not and
cannot be fettered by laws originated by
Y. W. c. AS, feminine bourgeoisie, consul
mers' organizations and infnitesimally small
trades monopolized by underpaid female
labor, to whom any kind of a crumb, even
a legislative crumb, is most welcome.
The great mass of the highly paid highly
skilled woman labor of the state not only
holds itself aloof from the Legislative ac-
tivities of the W. T. U. L., but is absolutely
opposed to its programme. Not one of the
highly paid unions comprising both male
and female workers in It's membership has
endorsed this programme.
Class legislation is popularity supposed to
be Illegal, and all voters equal in impor-
lance before the law -also--before the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
The New Citiz en-

poorly paid industries, who could do
nothing for themselves. The bill be-
came law, and, presto! women printers
on night shifts all over the state (every
newspaper had several, and as all the
large printing plants run night shifts
they also employed women) were dis
charged the cannery owners had Sc
cured amendments to the law which al
lowed them to work their women en-
ployes as long as necessary in the busy
season; but the women cleaners, who
work all night in factory and Office
buildings for very small wage, have
never been disturbed by the laws "pro-
lection" Women working on bindery
night shifts also lost their positions and
boys were put in their places. Many a
woman of forty years was replaced on
a night shift by boy of eighteen, in
the interest, said the law, of cher health
and morals! If morals and bodily
energy are really at so low an ebb be-
tween 10 p. m. and 6 a. M, who most
needs protection-the boy, potential
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

law makers. Without deducting from Grace
Phelps's own figures, and allowing that she
speaks for 10000, it is inconceivable that
Legislators would give them or their pro-
gramme serious consideration.
To illustrate what the w. T. U. L. pro-
poses to do to one great industry: Trac-
ton companies have had to employ women
during the war and have given them the
same wages and working conditions as
men. Now it is proposed to limit those
women to eight hours day and prohibit
their employment on night shifts, which
they all prefer to day shifts. If the law
passes, the traction companies naturally
will replace women by men as rapidly as
possible, so as to have employees who can
be used to keep the cars running in emer-
gences, even if they have to work long hours
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

want and why; yet salaried officers of
the Women's Trade Union League (who,
by the way, are exempted from the
provisions of the proposed Office work
ers' law lobbied successfully against
both amendments.
Is it not significant that ''women's
wages have not increased since 1914"
reported recently by the Consumers
League, when you know that 10000
women were forced off night shifts and
into competition with day workers in
July, 1913? F. T. Carlton, Phi. D., states
as one of the reasons for the low wages
of women: women are limited to
smaller number Of occupations than men
particularly those requiring
routine work and little skill" 1t is also
significant that in this same period mems
wages have practically doubled, and, al
though unprotected" by special legis-
lation, they have through their unions
secured the basic eight-hour shift in
practically every kind of work; while
women, surrounded by protective" laws
which permit them to work only on
day shift and set legal limit to that
shift of nine hours, have not been able
to secure even an increase in wage. No
more crushing indictment of the craze
for protecting" women in industry
could be found
Not choosing, however, to see the
real cause of this deplorable condition,
the Consumers League offers as a rem
edy more law: the minimum wage Says
Claw Notes" on minimum wage legisla-
ton:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

father, or the mature, experienced
woman, past mistress of motherhood?
"Big 81 Did
Support Its Women
Typographical Union No. sent d
committee to Albany in 1917. and again
in 1918, to work for the amending of
this law, that its women members
should have unlimited opportunity to
work at the trade, and at the 1918
session of the Legislature the president
of the union spoke before the Assembly
labor committee on the necessity of
such an amendment. Also, at the June
conference of the Women's Trade Union
League Typographical Unions dele
gate asked that women printers be ex-
empted from future legislation of this
character, but, she reported, the dele
gates, representing the sewing trades
mostly, voted "No" to- the request.
Mattresses also presented a petition
signed by 500 women, for exemption
from the night law, to the 1918 Legis-
lature. These women know what they
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

hasa@---

many an adult bird lover. More boys
than girls belong to this society. which
doesn't go very we'll with the tales we
hear about boys and eggs and weeping
mother birds--but then, of course, these
are Brooklyn boys.
Then there is the Children's Museum
League, with membership of 5000
children, all wearing the league badge
and all pledged to tell others about the
museum and to get new members and
to attend the meetings of the league at
p. m. on Mondays. All the money
they get goes, of course, to their beloved
museum.
Be sure before you leave to go upstairs
where the planets and the stars are kept.
Turning to the left, past the monkeys
bath, you will come to little room full
Of stage sets. When the shades have
been pulled down and the button pressed
which turns on the little electric light in
each scene, well, there's nothing to say
except that the Hippodrome has nothing
on it..
You see the inside of an Esquimau hut
with the fir fire burning and real little
Esquimau babies everywhere, and outside
the cold Arctic sun and miles and miles
of silence and Of night
Next is an Arab scene, with real palm
trees and the sand blowing against the
camel as he plods along under the weight
Of the Arab chieftain with all his
weapons ON.
Best of all are the Aztecs-two of
them, hiding in the crevice of a mighty
mountain and, far, far below the noun
tain, sheep, like tiny dots upon the crags.
We wish that Dwight Franklin, the au
thor of these charming fantasies, would
make little model Of the Children's
Museum itself, with babies leaking out
OF the doors and over the lawns. There
is, alas, talk of rebuilding and housing
all this quaintness in something new and
made of concrete, with probably frieze
over the door representing Science, His
tory and Religion. mo roller skating"
is bad enough, but new and modern
building would be too depressing, and
we advise all those clever enough to find
the Children's Museum at all to find it
soon.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02


Further on, in a tiny lecture hall,
stereopticon views are in full swing,
with hushed, attentive audience Of
young bullet-heads; and beyond this is
the library--two big, sunny rooms, full
Of kiddies in every possible posture lex
cept the upright one).
Leaving this, you are confronted with
a peacock. His tail is spread so wide
that it proudly fills the case he stands in
and nothing else is good enough to be in
with him so he is there alone. Beyond
is a coal mine, and then hornets nest,
and real goldfish in the biggest tank
ever, and after that you are completely
demoralized, for here are the Dolls Of
All Nations, and the Garden Snail forty
times enlarged and looking like a young
battleship. After him are the Dolls in
Historic Costume, representing Five
Stages in Flatbush History (some of
them copied from old family portraits).
Now you meet for the first time the
Reptiles Of Long Island in huge case;
and who can leave this fearsome sight
without anxiety for friends who may at
the very moment be wandering about
their Long Island lawns unarmed? Then
there is the huge frog who shows you
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
Let Legislation Destroy
equal PAY" Principle

The trades unions of this country are
squarely on record for Equal Pay for
EQUAL Work" but if sex legislation which
prohibits the carrying out of this pro-
grafnme of equal work is to be pushed
through the Legislature, then equal pay
becomes impossible. Taking this view of
the controversy, il seems to me that the
Women's Trade Union League is running
counter to the repeatedly expressed wishes
of the trade union movement.
The first business of anything and every
thing in the way of trade union is to cor
ner the supply of labor Without more or
less of monopoly or corner, a trade
union simply cannot exist. Anything not
based on monopoly or corner is not
trade union, no matter by what title it
may choose TO be known.
The first function of the Women's Trade
Union League, very apparently, is to supply
the bosses who buy the labor of women with
strike breakers or job takers, in untold
millions, in the form of men who are not
restricted by the laws the Womens Trade
Union League fosters. If such philosophy
as this can be labelled trades unionism. then
the Kaiser might legitimately style himself
a democrat.
Trades unionism Is a business philosophy
not religion nor a hobby for The par
venu or nouveau richie. It's foundation is
monopoly, combination in restraint of com
petition among saborers. The women's
Trade Union League should, in my opin-
ion, revise its trade name or its industrial
programme.
incidentally, Typographical Union No s
spent about $1,000 fighting one of the
Women's Trade Union League laws, and
should not be included among unions sup-
porting the leagues legislative programme,
as it was included in the article in the
issue of January 20.
Frank J. Gibbons,
Member Typographical Union No. 6.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
BY ADA r. WOLFF
OF the Women's League for Equal
Opportunity

~ o WOMEN workers really
want laws limiting their hours,
81 prescribing their shifts and cut
sisg of all arenaes Of advancement, IN
may cases eren dem-iving them of the
,hcncs to tcork ia trade OF. Profession
in whieh they are proficient Or do they
desire to go their industrial way I'M
hampered by maternalistic legislation,
knowing that through trade organization
both men and women can secure the ideal
conditions, hours and wage for their spe-
cial kind of work.
The Women's Joint Legislative Con-
ference, lobbying at Albany for five
bills which if passed will throw out OF
employment many thousands of women
row working on night shifts, says work
ing women do want these laws.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
8 Big 6

Following are few Of the letters wlaich
hare been YeceiUed commenting on The
Tsibuns's discussion Of special legislation for
working sron,en noap under consideration ct
Albany:
To the Editor OF Women's News
Paternalistic s(maternalistic3 legislation
drawn up on the assumption that women are
Just like dumb animals and need political
S. P. c. A. to sit on guard for them at
Albany is theory that has absolutely no
acceptance beyond the confines of the exec
utive Offices Of the Women's Trade Union
League and the Consumers League and
the boudoirs of some petite bourgeoisie who
have never worked and probably never VIII
work.
The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
TO Animals makes no claim that the horse
is the mental equal Of the driver or that
dog is as wise as it's master. 1t admits
that the dumb animal needs the protection
Of the Iaw-and secures that protection
for it.
While in the dim past women may have
heen inarticulate merchandise, this is not
so to-day, and the vast majority of working
women with whom I have come into con-
tact purpose not only to get equal pay
for equal work, but to raise the pay and
better the working conditions continually
and not for themselves alone but for
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

fairy tales, it's the sort of place which,
having once found it, gives you no reason
to think you can ever find it again. And
the fearsome journey to be taken before
you find it is like trip on an enchanted.
carpet-you can't tell any one in words
how it is done. It has to be experienced
to be understood.
After you get there it's easy enough,
for the first thing you see is large
placard on the front door of the Museum
telling you how to reach it by three diff
ferent routes. 1t was hanging there all
the time, and you reflect that, anyway,
it will be useful to get back by-but it
isn't really, as you find out when you
try to get back, because it's the kind of
directions that don't work both ways
The next thing you notice is the
extraordinary way the children are be-
having all over the museum lawn. There
are too many of them-even for Brook
lyn-and they have no hats on, and
rush in and out Of doors and over the
vine-covered verandas just as though it
weren't museum at all.
And that, you soon discover, is the
secret of the whole thing: it isn't. It's
a regular house, with stairways and tick
ing clocks and sunlight and everything.
Indeed, there's only one museumish thing
about it, and that is sign out on the
lawn which says "No Roller Skating"
This momentary blight upon the land
scape is lifted, however, when you see
all the other kinds of rolling that 60 on
unchecked.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
Plato the Monk Has
His Own Philosophy

Plato used to take a hot bath in the
washbasin every day, under the super
vision Of these two maids, who point out
the very fire buckets which formed his
triumphant pathway to the bath. Here
was the tub he used to use, and here
the board on which he sat. He filled
his bath himself, turning the hot water
on and off till it came out right, and
testing it with his tongue.
When it was right he was won't to
chuckle, and he got in up to his chin,
and it took the combined efforts of the
two maids to get him out again.
Poor Plato! he was chief jewel Of
that airy museum, but he died~A year
ago come August, and even the curator
was not with him at the last, for he
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
"Ask the Man
He Isn't There

In trying to find the Office or desk or
whatever it is in museums where you go
to ask intelligent questions, you find that
on the first floor, at any rate, there isn't
any. Instead, you play a sort of hide
and seek game in and out cool, sunny
little rooms ail full Of children. Some Of
these are curlcd up in window seats
reading; group around table are
playing with case Of bright colorcd
minerals. Apparently the Don't Touch"
sign has got lost
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
The Hippodrome Has
Nothing On 1t!

The museum is open all day long, but,
of course, the biggest attendance is on
Saturdays and holidays, when there are
three or four hundred children visitors
1t is not open in the evenings to any
one except that select coterie known
as the Bird Lovers Club" who have
nocturnal meetings at which they con-
fide to one another what birds they have
seen in Prospect Park. The next day
the list is bulletined. 1t has been kept
without a break for three years, and so
forms valuable document consulted by
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
Women Do Not
Want These Laws

But wide acquaintance, ranging from
women cleaners, houseworkers, elevator
operators, transportation employees, tele-
phone operators, etc, to bookbinders.
printers, stenographers, accountants, re-
porters, editors, physicians and lawyers,
impels me to answer: No; women do not
want such laws They want to stand on
their own feet, and bitterly resent the
type of legislation which, to be constitu-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

his lungs and heart and liver in care
less sort Of way, and beyond him at the
left. ending the corridor, are crowd Of
mushrooms and toadstools with card
underneath, saying:
"Not flower
But shows some touch or freckle,
Streak or stain
OF his unrivalled pencil"
Cooper
The Office of Miss Gallup, curator of
the museum, is on the second floor; but
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

grew quarrelsome in his declining years
and, thinking him no longer safe play
mate for the children, "they" sent him
to. Prospect Park. Not only was he face
to face with the necessity Of associating
with other monkeys, but, to add insult
to injury, the monkey cage was directly
OH top of the lion cage. Rumor has it
that Plato took one look and died.
1--WE always said it was case of
broken heart" one maid said, in conf
dence. HE was human in all his ways,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

by the time you have reached it your in
terest in statistics has suffered a decline,
for on the way upstairs you fell in
with two of the maids, and they told you
about Plato, the pet monkey, giving to
their description just those touches cal
culated to send you up to the Office with
a burning desire to know more
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02
-<-----
Ill
--<-<---
BY WINlFRED DUNCAN WARD

EO YOU know how to get to the
4 y Children's Museum, over in the
@ heart of Brooklyn? If so, you
know more than the policemen who deco
rate the ends of Brooklyn Bridge, and
you know more than many person who
has been there. Like the castles in the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-02

ways. He used to be forever about
with US when we were scrubbing. | can
see him now, sitting on the edge of our
pals eating the soaps"
How the Children Ever
Got Museum
This was the first Children's Museum
in the world, and SO far it has only one
rival-there is a separate house for
children in the one at Jamaica Plains,
but in all others only room is set apart
for children's exhibits, and such a thing
as giving them a house all their own
was unheard of until the Brooklyn In
stitute of Arts and Sciences suddenly
bought this private house one day and
the property around it. The question
then came up what use to put it to-
The house was so pretty that it seemed
pity to tear it down. 1t was Professor
Goodyear who said: "Why not make it
a museum for children?" and so it be-
came one, in December, 1899, and it has
grown and grown like Jacks beanstalk
until it now has yearly appropriation
from the city of $1,000 and an
auxiliary of 450 Brooklyn women who
help defray the cost Of the library and
the three hundred lantern slides for the
lecture hall, and of the medals
These medals are of bronze and sill
yer, and all the children can compete for
them by taking little courses mapped out
by the teaching staff. Fifty certificates
in any subject secure you bronze medal
with your name on the back, and you
can win these certificates on aquarium
study or mineral study or the geographic
cal models or the type collection, and
probably on the insides of the frog and
the garden snail as we'll, if you got at
it in the right spirit.
1t all seems to be matter of spirit,
and when one asks whether any of this
delightful training is recognized by the
public schools one is told no, but that
publicsschool teachers come there to see
how it is done, just the same, and that
they report remarkable work by chill
dren who got their first education at
the little museum. A little boy with
mechanical bent, for instance, learned
enough here about wireless to get, with
out any further schooling, a job which
has led to his becoming wireless engi-
neer for the government of Brazil