The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-18
CHAOS IN GERMANY
AFTER REDS KILLING
Continued from First Page.

Continued from First Page.
of Vorrdcrts and its bourgeois aids II
10 the work of Gustav Noske and his
military commander. Reinhard."
There Is general agreement that DR..
Liebknecht lacked the qualities for
really constructive leadership. and that
Rosa Luxembourg was. as the Tapeblatt
says. the real man in the Spartacan
movement"
Rosa Luxembourg was dubbed "the
strongest woman in Germany" but con.
trary to the general impression she did
not have an active personal part in the
staging Of the revolutionary movements
in kiel and Berlin as she was in prison
until a few days before the outbreaks OF
November. She lost no time In entering
the fray, however, and In a nine weeks
campaign she became even more radical
than DR.. Liebknecht earning the title
OF High Priestess OF Bolshevism.'
She wae small. fat msshapen and uu-
comely. hut keen eyed and mentally Wig
| orous. She possessed a remarkable, sl-
most masculine. vosal equipment.
She was borp in Russian Poland on
December 20. 1870. She married Doc
tor Lubbock IN Dresden for the sole
purpose of obtaining German citizenship
Had Varied Career.
Her dual citizenship annoyed her con-
stantly at International gatherings az
radical Socialists. She was a skilled par
! Humanitarian, although many OF her In
tellectual comrades called her a super
| fcial agitator. For Bebel. Haase and
other German Socialists she was for
| merly the Socialist party's "enfant terri
t. -l,h In .
| ing on economics. but she was never
permitted TO participate in the inner
| councils of the radicals.
Rosa seemed to cast n spell over hcr
German comrades with her lurid fanati-
| cism Her effect on the masses was even
more pronounced. She would step 10 the
| edge of the platform the minute she was
| announced and with wonderful How or
| oratory and sledge hammer gestures she
would convert herself into a vocal oy-
namo.
II Is believed that she WAS convinced
| Of the hopeless sness OF the Russian brand
OF Socialism. She made this statement
| in n recent speech in Berlin:
Socialism does not mean the conven-
| Ing of Darliaments and the enactment OF
laws: It means the overthrow of the
ruling classes with all the brutality at
the disposal OF the proletariat'
1901 IN the minor courts OF Prussia. She
was repea teddy fned and imprisoned for
minor offences. and proved an obsTeper-
Gus prisoner. Her name appeared On the
editorial page of the Spartacan Red
FLAG as coeditor with Or. Lieoknecht.
but her editorials we're rarely in evidence
during the revolution.
Or. Liebknecht was born at Leipsic
on August 10, 1871. After being grad
VA ted from the University OF Leipsic he
entered politics as a Socialist. He was
n radical opponent OF the milltarist poll
cies of Germany from the first OF his
political career. and this attitude
brought about his trial on a charge OF
high treason in 1907. following the ap-
pearance OF an ant!-military pamphlet
written by him. The charge OF high
treason was not proved. but he was con-
victed on n less serious count and sent
TO prison for eighteen months
DR. Liebknecht visited America in 1910
and lectured In New York during his
stay In that city.
Elected to ReichstaE.
In 1912 he was elected to the German
Reichstag from Fotsdam, and the next
year caused furore In Germany by
bringing charges against the Krupps,
| saving that that organization was tnspir-
1 j
continued his attacks and In the course
! of debates mentioned Emperor William
and the Crown Prince as being involved
| In the alleged conspiracy. As result
! OF his revelations several army oncers
were tried for accepting brides from
Krupps They were convicted. but re-
oeived light sentences
When the great war broke out DR..
Liebknecht refused to do military duty
and II was rumored that he had been ex-
ecuted He later was found in the ranks
! OF an engineer battalion on the Russian
| front. where in December. 1915. he was
| seriously injured by falling tree.
Although in the German army. he did
not cease his attacks against the MILL
! tary system and several times he was
reported to be involved in bitter con-
troyersies with the Junker leaders OF
Germany. This struggle went on until
May l. 1915, when he was arrested for
making an incendiary address at a May
| Day demonstration In Berlin. After
, trial, he was sentenced TO prison for
| thirty months From this sentence he
appealed. and on retrial WAS sentenced
| TO tail for four years and one month.
This sentence resulted in grave dis
orders In Berlin and Spandau. demands
being made for DR.. Liebknecht's release
While in prison he continued TO write
articles which were given clandestine
! circulation among the Socialists OF Ger
many One OF his pamphlets accused
the German Government of being guilty
| OF bringing on the war. During his i'm
prisonment he was elected to the Reich
! stag from Spandau.
After being In prison two years and
two months he was released on October
| "a, 1918. In the political cataclysm
| that developed in Germany early in No
| vember, resulting In the adbication of
Emperor William, his flight and the es-
Enlistment Of a Socialist Government.
DR.. Liebknecht played a prominent part
| Leads the spartacans.
When the Ebert Government had been
in existence only a few days. DR.. Lieb-
knecht became leader OF the Spartacus
element,
| Liebknecht was the son of wilhelm
L!ebknecht, a close friend Of Karl Marx
and a German Socialist leader. The
elder Liebknecht suffered eight months
imprisonment for starting revo-
luton in Baden In 1StS. He was elected
a member of the North German Reich
stag in 1857 and served there almost
continuously until his death In 1900.
The elder Liebknecht has been looked