davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-11-16
Investigation Shoes Failure as WeHas
Benefits of South Bend s Public Market

Investigation or the public mar
kets where the producer comes into
direct contact with the retail buy
err. in the larger cities. in an effort
to partly solve tho present vital
question OF the high cost OF living.
mas developed some surprising and
in some cases some unsatisfactory
results. and had lead to an observa-
ton OF the local market with the
same end in view.
South Bend is unfortunately To-
Gated and unless certain steps are
taken, will never have a public mar
ket where produce can be bought
as cheaply as I'm some Of the cities
OF the state. It's close proximity 20
the great market OF Chicago. where
a higher price usually prevails and
where produce can be shipped as
cheaply as il can be hauled TO the
local market. will always tend TO
keep prices near the top. This
condition viii always exist unless
steps are taken 20 have the city fur
nished with an abundance Of farm
products. the greater supply nat
urally lessening the demand and as
a consequence lowering the price.
Many complaints have reached
the local marketmaster 20 the effect
that articles at the market are
selling at almost the same prices as
ia the groceries and that the mar
lset. 10 be a public benefit, should
underseil the retailers by q good
margin. As a matter OF fact the
prices at the local market are high,
as Investigation OF the current prices
in most Of the cities in the state
finds South Bend highest on almost
all products The reason ascribed
for this is the high paying Chicago
market so near and the scarcity of
truck farmers about the city, which
being a large manufacturing com
mUnity has a demand that can
scarcely be supplied
Prices Above Wholesale.
A study OF tho prices at the mar
ket show that an effort. and i'm most
cases a successful one, has been
made 70 keep the prices charged by
the farmers just between the pr -
he can get for his produce from the
wholesale dealer and the price the
wholesale dealer charges the CON
sumner. thus benefting both sides.
Tor instance. recently at the market
sfs-icf1t- fresh orrgs v-aro eeTIfurr for
20 cents a dozen and in the grocer
les for 7J cents Had tine farmer
sold his eggs directly 10 the grocer
he would have gotten probably 60
cents a dozen FOR them.
This scale OF prices generally pre-
walls except FOR commodities OF
which there is continual shortage
such as dressed chicken. country
butter and other dairy products
They are i'm such demand 10y the
people of the city that the farmer
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-11-16

For this produce the grocer mus
pay a trile more and consequently
must charge a little more 20 the
consumer. An example OF this Is
shown in the sale OF cabbage last
week. At the market the prevailing
price was two and three cents a
pound. while the groceries were
charging five. The grocers were
buying theirs from the commission
houses and the extra handling nee
essitated the higher charge.
Competition Is Cited.
There are a number Of bad fea-
lures in the public market as well as
good ones. but one indirect benefit
which has not been generally rec.
ognized. is the fact that the com
petition between the grOcers and
the market men is bound 20 keeT
produce in the neighborhOod of
selling for a worth price. Without
the market the grocery Organiza-
tions would have absolute control of
prices and. IL is said. the public
would never know what a worth
price was. Whether this would
prove to be the case is not known,
but the possibility is there.
Had South Bend the facilities for
extensive truck gardening. which
should be fostered such as large
greenhouses and more truck farm
ers nearby. as have Grand Rapids
Fort Wayne and other cities that
compare favorably in size market
prices would drop surprisingly. Fort
Wayne. Grand Rapids and such
towns are too far from any large
commission house market where
produce can be shipped readily. and
a larger supply Of product is raised
in the vicinity, which condition
benefits the community with much
lower prices
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-11-16

fascination in making the sales di-
rectly and the social touch are fac
tors which appeal 70 the farmer
Experience in Seattle.
1t was found upon investigation
Of the market in Seattle, Wash.
that some Of the farmers were max
ing even less by selling directly 70
the consumer and that the con-
sumner, at the same time was paying
more than he would IL he bought
from tie grocer. A typical instance
Of this IS cited in the case of a GER
tain farmer. who had realized on a
certain day $50 for the sale Of the
produce he had brought to market.
This was $475 more than ne could
have realized had he sold his prod
ucts to the wholesale dealer. APP
parently he had rec we'd 16 percent
more than he would have received
had he sold through the usual trade
channels.
Upon a further analysis, however.
and as a result Of questioning the
farmer. IT was found that figuring
wages for the time lost, his trans
portation and his incidental ex-
penses in the sale OF the products.
he actually netted only 1915 as
against S25.25 that he could have
received If he had sold on the farm
TO the trade. In other words. as a
matter OF fact, he netted about 90
percent less than if he had sold at
wholesale to the trade.
Different Conditions Here.
This. however. is not the condi-
ton in the local market, as the
farmers are under practically nc
expense in bringing their produce to
market The western farms are
much larger and more widely scat
tered from the cities than in the east
and as a result n greater length OF
time and more expense entails
trip 10 market Here the farmers
are within n short distance of the
city and bring loads to market
which sales amount to from $50 20
$50 and the farmer is often sold
out and home by noon.
a number of local grocers cannot
buy Of the farmer because they can
not depend on him to come every
morning and. therefore. must have
a standing order in with the com
mission house TO deliver each day.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-11-16

A tiny bottle of "F'reezone" costs
so little at any drug store; apply a
few drops upon any corn or callus.
Instantly it stops hurting, then
shortly you lift that bothersome
corn or callus right off with your
fingers. Truly No humbugi-Adv.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
ADDITIONAL WANT ADS
Too Late e Classify

FOUNDAAn Ivory handled manicure.
file. Owner can have same at sheaf
Office.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

Article x. of the League Covenant, as
adopted as part of the Versailles
Treaty, reads: zs7s@sz
The members of the League under
take.to. respect and preserve as against
external aggression the territorial in
tegrity and existing political independ-
ence of all members Of the League. In
case Of any such aggression or in case
ofaaiy threat or danger of such aggres-
si0n.the Council shall advise upon the
members by which this obligation shall
be fulfilled
The reservation as adopted by the
Senate on November Is reads:
The United States assumes no obliga-
ton to preserve the territorial integ-
rity or political independence of any
other country or to interfere in con-
trOversies between nations
members of the League or .not-under
the provisions Of Article x, or to EN-
ploy the military or naval forces of the
United States under any article Of the
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

It is estimated that 1900 men called
by the draft. in Minnesota were re-
jected because they were tubercular.
The incomplete preliminary reports
show 1000 such> reflections and $45t
soldiers discharged from army camps
because they too were found to be tu-
berculosis victims.
Every one Of the eighty-siX counties
in the state is represented in the list
Camp surgeons and draft board medi,
cal examiners reported that in virtual
" every case, the rejected or discharged
man did not know that he was tuber-
cular
Hennepin county, with 65 discharged
soldiers and 1856 draft rejects, was
hardest hit. Ramsey county. is next
with 81 soldiers and So rejects. Cass
county had 1O6 draftees rejected and
two soldiers discharged because of tu.
berculosis. T., s<.-... .....
Marshall county had 81 draftees re
jected and one soldier discharged on ac-
count of tuberculosis. st.
Red Cross Christmas Seals are dedi-
Gated to the stamping out Of this pre-
ventable, durable disease-tuberculos
Buy Christmas Seals literally.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
Canadian Wheat Coming In.

Wheat in Pembina was $2.75 the
other day, while at Emerson it was
$192. In consequence of this differ
ence there are hundreds of bushels
crossing the line to American markets
daily In order to bring it across the
owner of the grain must have permit
from the board of trade at Winnipeg,
which we understand is easily obtain
ed. And the wheat buyer on this side
must have permit from the Federal
government to buy Canadian wheat.
For several months the Candian
markets have been considerably below
the American markets, but this is the
greatest difference we have had since
the Mckinley bill was in force when
Canadians had to pay heavy duty to
bring in their wheat to- the United
States to compete with the American
farmers.--Pembina Pioneer Express.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

FOR SALE OR TRADE-A three.
year old heifer coming fresh in about
two weeks. Will trade for young
work horse. Three pigs, weight each
about 100 pounds. Will trade for
good colt-O. A. Omdahl, r. 4, Warren.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
Keeping at ii IN Advertising.

s The popular mind is funny thing.
People will make a certain announce
ment once and think they have "g0t It
over to the public. But unless they
make that statement over and over
again, the public does not seem to get
it thoroughly in mind.
II you are going to have an enter
tainment, and il you simply put out one
announcement Of it and don't follow it
up, you will not be likely to get any
crowd. People need to be reminded a
number of times. Then they get it into
their heads that it is important and
interesting s
Some men will make quite an adver-
tising splurge for once, and then keep
quiet. They do not understand that 1t
takes certain amount of repetition to
get an idea of any kind into the public
mind.
A man who felt he could afford only
a certain sum of money, would do much
better to put in a quarter of q column
ad for twelve times, than he would to
put it in three columns for once, though
the space taken would be the same.
The psychological effect of repetition
week after week accomplishes more
than can be done by the most eloquent
writing or the most sensational effect
Of display. .5.5.
While it may seem to require some
effort for man thus to get his name
and business before the public, yet
these psychological traits have their
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

md notified Mr.. Hitchcock, the Demo
cratic leader, that If he had any pro-
positions to make, he should make them
before the Resolution of Ratification
came to vote, and he declined to make
any
beginning; with other Republicans, done
all we could to insure the prompt rati-
fication Of the Treaty and Of the League
of Nations, with protection to the in
terests of the United States. AS a
matter of fact, the Republicans Ameri-
canized the Treaty, the Democrats
killed it. We believe that the greatest
good can come to this people and that
we can reach our highest destiny
through a spirit Of American national
ism We must realize that we are diff
ferently situated from many of the ma
tions Of Europe. Many of them are of
different races existing under different
commercial and social conditions, and
what would protect them would not
protect us. All of the valuable obliga-
llOLo uCCCSSdAJ " Ill CACCI1tC@ League
Of Nations were preserved. The agree
ment for arbitration, the obligation not
to go to war without first having sub
mitted the question to arbitration or
to the discussion Of the Council and
the League, and all the machinery for
the adjustment, conciliatiOn and settle
ment of disputes remains. Does any
man propose that this country should
agree to go to war in defense Of any
nation on the face of the earth at any
time, without the vote Of the peoples
representatives in Congress? Does any
man propose to submit our domestic
questions to the arbitration of a League
made up of foreign interests? Do we
propose to open the doorWays of immi-
grafton to the flood Of objectionable
elements of Europe? De we propose to
allow any international convention to
reduce American labor to the level of
European labor, or to submit such ques-
tions to meddlesome tribunal of so
cialists OF near-socialists? Does. any
man propose that our immigration
laws, and our domestic institutions,
shall become subject to, settlement by
contending factions in European trib-
unals? Who is willing to do this? l
for. one, am not.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
One Cause Of High Costs.

Over inECanada they have also their
troubles with the II. G. Of T.. and a
committee Of parliament has been try.
ing to find out the reasons. Most OF
the conditions which they point out
exist in this country, and have led to
the present abnormal price level.
The Canadian committee find that
one reason for excessive prices, is that
sduringsthe war large numbers Of peo:
pie were drawn from the rural districts
into the cities and Industrial and mum.
itiOn making centers. The result has
been great. scarcity of labor. on the
farms, creating a deficiency in food pro.
duction and adding to the cost of all
farm products.
That is condition that exists all
over this country. Never before, has
there been such a shortage of farm
help While the factories are employ
ing more people than ever before, the
farmers are trying to turn out bigger
product with less help.
Manufacturing industries and the
towns in which they are located ma.
turally desire to grow and do more
business. It is praiseworthy ambi.
ton, which they may well seek to carry
out. But nothing is accomplished when
they make their gain by drawing in
people off the farms of the surround
ing country. r.
The. way for manufacturing towns
and manufacturing industries to get a
normal growth is to draw in new work
ers from the great mass of people who
have been engaged in non-productive
occupations, and turn them into. real
producers. Also live city can always
grow by drawing people from other
cities that have less enterprise and pub.
lie spirit. But drawing workers off the
farms to work in the factories is like
taking material out of a house founda.
tiOn to pile on the superstructure. II
may seem to build a bigger house, but
the thing may topple over.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

Former Secretary Of the Treasury
w. G.. MacAdoo, states that the btu
minous coal operators make the enor-
NOUS profit of 1000 per cent. If that
is true then we certainly believe that
the operators can afford to grant the
miners the go per cent increase in
wages that they demand, without rails
Ing the price of coal to the consumers.
Such profteering in a commodity that
is a great public necessity ought not
to be tolerated.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

Let us be thankful to the Giver of
every good and perfect gift for the
many blessings we enjoy as individuals
and as community, a state and ma
ti0n. May the troubles and calamities
that come Iii our way serve to strength
en- us and teach us to appreciate the
many good things that are really ours.
"A contented mind is in itself blessing
in Disguise
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

The mob spirit seems to hold sway III
the land Sometimes it possesses those
who regard themselves as orderly and
law abiding citizens, and sometimes it
takes hold of the, criminal and lawless
element of the population. But in
either case, the mob spirit fosters law
lessness and hate and is equally to be
Hnnf1Qmnn6 :t5-:2 So i
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

treaty for any purpose, unless in any
particular case the Congress, which,
under. the Constitution. has the sole
power to declare war or authorize the
semplo oyment Of the military or naval
forces Of the United States, shall by act
or joint resolution so provide.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
w ARREN SIIEAF
JOHN P. MATTSON,
Editor and Prop.
Published Every Wednesday.
fSred in the Post onice 1T Warren
90 Second Class Mail Matter.
0ncial paper Of Marshall County.

Baudette claims to have on: exhibition
the biggest trout caught i'll America
during 1919. 1t tips the scales at
thirty-6v and half. pounds. p. D.
Calvert, of Rainy River, caught the
fish in Whitefsh Bay, thereby winning
the prize offered by Field and Stream
for the chapion trout of the year.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26

compensations. Once an idea is thor
oughly established in the public mind,
1t sticks there long, long time. Once:
people are led by persistent advertising
to find that a certain store is a good
place to trade in, the competitors Of
that store will work a long time to get
the idea out of the public mind.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
NOTICE.

The annual meeting Of the Marshall
County Fair Association will be held
in the Commercial Club Rooms Thurs
day, Dec. 4, 1919, at O'Clock p. M All
stockholders are requested to be pres
ent.. ss * .sss 3S
DIR. E. T. FRANK, Sec.
Warren sheaf., 1919-11-26
Card of Thanks.

We wish TO extend our heartfelt
thanks to thesRed Cross ladies' for tn,
assistance rendered us recently. MI
and Mrs. a. Blomsnes and family.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19
Austrians and Allied Powers Exchange
 Credentials at 3::20
(continued from Page One,


 The terms of peace will probably not be presented to the Austrian dele gaton until late this week. It was announced a few days ago that the treaty would be ready for submission on Wednesday, but. as Hungary has not yet sent any delegation 1t seems likely that some delay may be neces- sary.
 Dispatches from Paris indicate that the Allies will make no further effort to provide food for the Russian peo- pie, as a result of the refusal of M. Tchitcherin, Bolshevik foreign min lister of Russia to meet the Allied conditions, which stipulated that the Bolsheviki would cease making war on countries adjacent to Russia
 Premier Paderewski of Poland is expected to arrive in Paris on Thurs day. The crisis which has developed in his country. 1t is believed in Peace Conference circles, can be adjusted so that M. Pnderewski will retain office as Premier. A despatch from Paris says he may ask that Poland be re- leased from promises made relative to hostilities with the Ukraine. A truce was recently arranged between Poland and the Ukraine, but recent reports have declared that Simon Petlura. the Ukrainian peasant leader, has gone over to the Bolsh eviki
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19

ing questions, in view of factional and other differences of future action.
 The Senate assembling today had 49 Republicans and 47 Democrats. The new House roll lists 229 Republi- cans. 1e5 Democrats. two independ- ents. one Prohibitionist and one So- cialist.
 Republican action promises to be re- strained by President Wilson's veto power. as 8 two-thirds vote is neces- sary to override e veto. Cooperation between administration officials and the Republicans is expected upon Un- contested matters.
 Assemb bling of the new Congress was marked by the establishment of more precedents. It is the first time that Congress convened with a Pres tdent in Europe. and his opening meesage cabled from foreign soil The Presidents message was not to be ssnf to Cotgreso until tomorrow. and It probab1y Will make no refer- ence = fhs peqeo >E1af1s - 4r: N1lzs
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19
Find No Trace of NC3 As
 Yet; INCA To Go To Lisbon

Continued from Page OneD it is thought possibly totally wreck ed the plane. All available war craft have been asked to join in the search.
 The hA-4 which arrived at Horta in perfect condition on Sunday, eX- poets to start for Ponta Del Gada during this forenoon, but as she has fuel enough on board for the flight to Lisbon she may fly directly for that port.
 The NC-1, which is being lowed here badly damaged, will be dis mantled and shipped to the United States on the cruiser Columbia. The crew of the NC-1 are all safe on the Columbia.
 The crew of the NC-1 was picked up by the steamer Ionia Saturday af- ternoon after they had been tossed about in the water five hours in their damaged plane. All the members were fatigued and suffering from sea sickness when picked up. The plane was almost a total wreck.
 . Lieutenant P. N. N. Bellinger, com mander of the NC-1 gave out the fol- lowing statement today:
 "The NC-1 was the last plane to take the air at Trepassey. so at 17:2o Friday (Greenwnch tine), we pro- ceeded on the course, being guided by the smoke and searchlights from the destroyers and the star shells they sent up. After passing most of the station ships we, did not meet with any trouble until we got into fog at 11:1o a. m. Saturday, when we were near station IS. After being in the fog for some time we alighted in the water at 1 10 p. m. Saturday"
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19

Presidents absence today disrupted the time honored custom Of appoint ing Congressional committees to call at the White House for notification of the executive
 The sesion beginning today was ex- pected to run virtually to the time for the regular December session. which will precede the 1920 national conventions and Presidential cam paign.
 Important House committees were to be chosen today. but the senate Republicans were not ready with their committee assignments. because or tho progressive fight against the cleo ton of Senators Penrose of Pennsyi- vania and Warren of Wyoming. as chairmen of the finance and appro- priations committees, respectively.
 Senate leaders arranged to adjourn today untl Thursday, to give time for tho H6puhlicanss work oq commit |teon ITe<zo >l1ntneep lespIanh4d lq fhe
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19
Dispute Over Main Street Store Taken
 to Superior Court

The dispute over possession of the store at 1342 Main street has been carried to the Superior court as a re- suit of a writ of error filed today by Attorney Robert H. Gould, counsel for Constantine Constantly, who conducts candy store on the premises. Last Saturday a jury fin a justice court heard testimony in summary process proceedings brought against Constan- dy by Louis NJ. Sagel, owner of the property. SaSe1 claimed Constandy's lease had expired but the occupant said he had been verbally promised a renewal by Sagel. The jury found fin favor of Sagel.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-19
SHE THREW THE BRICK.

AS the result of a neiEhborly fight over some chickens which strayed in to Mrs. Olaa Filnowitz's garden. Mrs. Ada Hutchinson of Granfield avenue, is suffering from a severe laceration of the head caused by a brick thrown by the Fflinowitz woman. Mrs. Hutch fnson entered the Filinowitz garden to chase her chickens home when the fight began. The encounter ended for the count when Mrs. Fflinowitz threw the brick. Three stitches were required to close the wound and Judge Bartlett fined Mrs. Filinowitz s5 in the city court this morning