The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-07-14
Virginia Senator Opens
Defense of Peace Draft

the peace Of the world Is to be main
tanned The autocratic governments
that controlled Russia, Germany, Aus
tria and Turkey have been overthrown,
but MS yet no real. stable governments
established Some of the new states
created out OF this immense territory,
without the guaranty OF the league,
would be overthrown and would return
to the domination OF their former op-
pressors,
state, recognized the great immediate
need OF this article and recommended
its acceptance with an amendment pro
vidinE that any member could after
expiration OF five years from the sign
ing OF tho covenant. terminate Its obs
legation under the article But undee
this covenenant, the United States bt
giving notice OF withdrawal from thu
league. can limit her obligations to 3
time not far to exceed two years, "
this treaty Is ratified. the United States
can fully perform her obligations Ia
her allies, discharge her duties to thu
new nations she has aided In creating.
and then honorably retire.
'lt should he noted that when In THE
article we guarantee the territorial
integrity of all members Of the league,
we receive at the same time from all OK
them like guarantee OF our territorial
possessions, The Philippine islandt
In order to safeguard these islands II
WIN be necessary for us In the present
disturbed condition OF the world to con,
struct the largest navy afloat and have
an army equal to that Of any nation.
Shall we embark upon this great mil.
itary expense or accept the league, and
with II the honorable pledge that Great
Britain and Japan. the only two ma
tions from which the islands could ewes
be threatened, would aid In preserving
them from all external aggression
I'VE should also reflect that the Pana
anna canal and the islands owned by VI
IN the Caribbean sea are outlying terri.
tories. Is our hold upon the canal les,
sened or strengthened by this article?
THE article provides in case of anS
such aggression--the council shall advisl
upon the means by which this obligatiol
shall be fulfilled, The unanimous rec.
ommendation OF the council Is only ad-
vsory. Thus under article 10 no troopa
of the United States could he sent to
engage In war without the advice of her
representative In the council and the
approval of congress"
Answering objections to the article
| affecting the Monroe doctrine, which
guarantees the validity OF engagements
such rs treaties OF arhitra tion or re-
gional understandings like the Monroe
doctrine for securing the maintenance
! OF peace, Senator Swanson declared
| 'ile dTllCle undoubtedly made clear
| explicit reservation" of the doctrine
"lf any conflict should arise be-
tween the provisions of the covenant
and the Monroe doctrine" he said, las
| far as We are concerned the provisions
| OF the covenant are annulled and the
| Monroe doctrine survives We accept
the covenant with this clear reserva-
| ton"
Objections that the doctrine is not
| properly described IN the article, Mr..
Swanson declared unfounded
| President Roosevelt in his annual
| message OF 1901" he continued, "iu
speaking Of the Monroe doctrine, said;
1t is simply step and a long step, to-
ward assuring the universal peace Of
tho world by securing the possibility Of
! permanent peace upon this hemisphere.
He distinctly limits the doctrine to the
| Western hemisphere and commends IL
| for securing the maintenance of peace Z"
In anticipation of general debate
upon the peace treaty, the galleries
were crowded when Senator Swanson
| took the floor. majority of the
| Democratic members were also In their
| seats, but only few Republican mem-
| bers were present Under an unani-
| NOUS consent agreement, however, the
| Virginia senator was not INTERRUPTED
| during his SDeeCh