davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-04-03

fore the war might be compared In
productiveness with Saar Valley, was
in the Pas-de- Calais region, of which
Lens was the centre. In tbe early
advance Of the German army this
region was occupied. The mines were
worked by the invaders and the manu-
factories which could not be turned
to their advantage were stripped OF
machinery or destroyed. In the dew
astntion preceding the German retire
ment the mines were flooded. their
shafts and works wrecked. The dam.
ages were such, French and American
engineers reported, that II will take
many years to repair. The loss of
these mines fell especially heavy upon
France, for they represented almost
the only productive coal fields of
the nation.
The region In dispute lies outside
Of the province of Lorraine; It is.
perhaps, peopled largely by Germans.
1t Is for this reason that LLOYD
GEORGE, according to n statement at
tributed to him, opposed its annexa-
ton to France. Even the treaty Of
Vienna In 1914, which has been fire.
quently referred to as sustaining an
ancient title for France, seems not to
have included this particular region
in an award to that nation. France
has apparently rested her demands
entirely upon matter of reparatlon.
In the possession Of the Saar Valley
she sees a solution Of her great prob
lem Of the reconstruction of her in
dustrlal life.
The French Foreign Office declares
that CLEMENcEAU will insist upon the
territory In dispute. and although he
has not definitely stated his position
the belief that he will not depart
from this contention has had the ef-
feet Of strengthening his position as
Premier. France has unquestionably
set her mind upon the acquisition Of
the Saar Valley. and she has made 1t
one Of her strongest points of con-
tention. While she may not add this
coveted region to French territory,
II appears evident that she will at
least have its use until full amends
have been made for her own great
industrial losses.
The sun., 1919-04-03

making the American consumer pay
war famine prices.
The Government Food Trust still
continues, by holding up the price Of
wheat, to jack up the cost OF all food
to American consumers. The Gov.
eminent Food Trust, marking into
wheat price twice Its natural value
at time of unprecedented supply,
drives up corn and other grains. and,
driving up those grains, drives up the
cost Of beef and mutton and pork, of
poultry and eggs, Of milk and butter
and cheese.
In this year of bursting granarles,
Of superabundant breadstuffs Of all
kinds, Of national plenty, the Gov
eminent Food Trust. to save Its face
In the matter Of Its wheat price guar
antee to the farmer. will cost the
American consumers billions Of dol
lars which, under the free workings
Of the law OF supply and demand,
they never would have to pay for
their bread and meat; which, under
the law of common sense, they never
would be permitted to pay, but which,
under an administrative policy of the
darkness Of the Middle Ages and I'M
der political policy Of the NADINE IS
Of bedlam. they will be compelled to
pay to the last penny that the Gov
eminent Food Trust can squeeze out
Of them.
The sun., 1919-04-03
The Saar Valley.

The demands of France for the
Saar Valley and its rich coal mines
are based less upon IN ancient his
torlc title than upon claims for the
damage done by the Germans In their
military occupation of the mineral
districts of northeastern France and
their destruction of the works and
mines of the region at the time OF
their retreat. That France should
receive reparation for the loss which
she has sustained is apparently set
tied by the Peace Conference; but the
point upon which that body has not
yet agreed and which Is making the
Saar Valley one of Its most intricate
problems is shall France have her
reparation In a mere temporary or
In q permanent occupation of this
German territory.
The Saar Valley Is one Of the rich
est conl regions OF western Europe.
The Germans In the past half CEN
fury have developed 1t to the highest
point of rroductiveness and have
taken from the region about $4,000.
600 tons of coal annually. This Is the
fuel that has fed the furnaces OF the
Rhineland and which has been a
strong factor in the great Industrial
development Of the Rhine towns and
: cities. The ease with which this fuel
has been obtained furnishes an expla.
nation OF the restoration Of the man.
ufactories Of the Rhine TO an activity
that has called forth so many com.
PARSONS with the devastated regions
Of the once prosperous industrial dis
trict Of northeastern France.
The French coal district, whic;i be.
The sun., 1919-04-03
OPENING THE SPEEDWAY.
Motorists Hope Soon 10 Invade the
Horses Exclusive Domain.

To THE EDITION OF THE SuN-Str. It
looks very much as II the long fight to
open the Speedway for general traffic
will come to q successful conclusion. At
least the action of the Assembly in
passing the Smith bill giving the Park
Commissioner Of Manhattan discretion
AIRY power to permit automobile. traffic
on the Speedway, which has been re-
served for horses since 1t was opened
years ago. seems to indicate this.
The next step 10 to have the Senate
agree to a slight amendment In the bill
before It is sent to the Mayor for ap-
prevail. II the Mayor signs II, the bill
will go to the Governor for his sigma
ture. And Governor Smith has already
expressed his approval of the project
No good reason remains for restrict
ina the Speedway to the exclusive use
Of the horse. Even on fair Sundays In
the summer comparatively few trotters
or PAGERS are seen on the driveway.
which has cost the taxpayers Of New
York millions of dollars to acquire and
maintain. Now the time has arrived
when the taxpayers desire something in
return for their money, and only by
opening the expensive driveway to the
general public can this legitimate desire
be gratifed.
With summer approaching many are
looking forward to the time when they
will be able to spin over the level bed
or the Spec dway in their autos and en-
Joy the beautiful scenery along the route.
II IL the garden spot Of upper New
York: fresh air abounds and a breath
Of the country can be had. While its
opening would deprive a few horsemen
OF an exclusive privilege 1t would give
thousands a chance TO enjoy It's charms.
NEW YoAK, April 2. TAXPAYER
The sun., 1919-04-03
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT.
MANHATTAN.

'Msrveis of India" by Prince Sarah
Ghosh. Washington Irving II. 8. 40 Irving
place.
Scotland" BY Or. william Rennle, +
3. II, Forty-seventh street, west OF Eighth
avenue. (Stereopticon and motion pie.
tures.)
Sonata for Violin and Piano" by A.,
street. east Of Third avenue.
"Through the Rockies" by Robert q
weyh, Z, 8. IS. i5Sih street and s.,
"1n the War Prisons of siberia" BY
George p. Conser, p. 3. 81, broadway
and VermilyeA avenue. lnwood. tstere-
opticon views)
Shakespeare. the Poet, Part III" by
william ]. Durant. PHI. d, i. g. So 22S
East Fifty-seventh street.
America and Americans" by Mary r
Lease. T, 8. l65. 225 West losth stree
How Piano Art Began In italy" BY
Giuseppe 4. Randegger. y. w. II. A, s.
West 10th street.
THE BRONX.
Debts and Indemnities" by Prof WI
lam q. Guthrie. Ph. d., Norris II. g., Iesth
street and Boston road.
Life and Industries Of the Japares.
by James W. Doughty. p. 8. 81. issth
street. Flndlay and Teller avenues (stsTe-
optleon views.l
The sun., 1919-04-03
Mr.. GIasss Victory Loan Faith.

Senator CALDER has expressed to
Secretary GLASS his fear that II
nothing should be done to put more
value into the outstanding Liberty
bonds the success Of the new Victory
Loan might be endangered so far as
a genuine public participation Is con
cerned."
Secretary GLASS sends to Senator
CALDER reply which In respect Of
some very important matters Is
highly gratifying. He makes some
predictions which are very encourag.
Ing. He voices some hopes which we
can all echo from our hearts. But
while we oil can and do wish success
for the Victory notes, while we all
can and should help the loan, we arc
bound to say that Secretary GLASS
has not answered by any means Sem
ator CAIDER's specific points.
Secretary GLASS shows how re.a.
lively small our national war debt II
compared with the war debts OF the
great Powers In Europe. He relates
the circumstances of our huge gold
reserve and Of our incompatible ira 10
position. He describes how the Gov
ernment's war expenditures are being
cut down and foretells how 1t viii
soon be spending only billions where
few months ago 1t was spending
tens of billions. He tells how the
strain on credits should be correspond.
ingly lightened. He ventures the
prophecy that outstanding Liberty
bonds will be selling we'll above par
long before their maturity"
What Senator CALDER was talking
about. however, was the price of Lib
erty bonds not before their maturity
but to-day--the loss in market value
to some 100000 little bondholders
who put their savings, their earnings
and their credit into those securities
Of the United States Government.
What Senator CALDER was concerned
about was the difficulty they must
have In taking Victory notes on top
Of their low Liberty bonds. What
Senator CALDER deplored was that
with all the United States Govern
ment had done or tried to do for for
eign Governments, fer foreign peoples,
for this industry and that industry
here and. elsewhere, for one class and
for another class anywhere and every
where, 1t had never done, It had never
thought Of doing, single thing for
the 20,000,0 900 American citizens who
put their all into Liberty bonds when
called upon to do so and now see them
ranked in market price with the things
described in market vernacular as cats
and dogs.
However much we may wish the
Victory Loan may be a success In the
, true sense Of the word. not becoming
burden upon the banks 10 the re-
striction of business credit: however
much we may aim to do our part In
the flotation of these notes, there 10 no
need for any Of us to Disguise the
truth and ignore the fact OF the Gov
ernment's scandalous neglect of the
, interest of the 20,OO0OOO little bond
holders who came to the scratch for
the Government when they were SC
/ imperatively needed but to whom the
Government has not since given Il
single thought.
The sun., 1919-04-03
dsrse Henry Wstttrson Retires
From Retirement.

1t is not surprising that HENRY
WATTERsoN has left his new job as
editor emeritus Of the Courier-Jour-
nal. Marse HENRY was never in
tended by nature to be an emeritus.
His mental forces refused to retire
I'm the face of his associates support
Of the Wilson draft of the treaty.
The old soldier Of the pen would not
stand by and have his principles mus
tered out. He Is like JOSIAH QUINCY,
who, after he had passed 90, came
forward" as LOWELL said, ito brace
his townsmen with courage and
warm them with n fire younger than
their own"
So Colonel wATTERsoN resigns from
the place Of editor emeritus. In other
words, he retires from retirement.
We hope he will start n new paper
and raise the dickens. Twenty years
from now, when he Is 90, let him hire
ten men to do half his work.
The sun., 1919-04-03
A LEAGUE WE REJECTED.
II Was with France, but Our Re-
fusal Was Wise.

To THE EDITOR or THE syN--sir: The
authority John Bassett
Moore in his erudite work entitled "Prln-
ciples Of American Diplomacy" (Harper
q Bros. 1919 says:
while the principle OF non-interven-
tion formed an integral part OF the
political philosophy of American
statesmen, it's practical Importance
was profoundly impressed upon them
by the narrowness of their escape from
being drawn by the alliance with
France into tho vortex of the Euro
pean conflicts that grew out OF the
French Revolution. f. In 1898 the
revolutionary government of France,
apparently doubling the applicability Of
the existing alliance with the United
States to the situation In Europe, sub
mitted . proposal for "a national agree
ment In which two great peoples shall
suspend their commercial and political
interests and establish a mutual under
standing TO defend the empire of lib
erty wherever II can be embraced
This proposal the American Govern
ment declined; and Its response found
practical embodiment in Its acts.
Apparently the American people are
now about to have another narrow
escape. Ex-President Taft said once
upon a time tina. 1.-THE Lord was good
to these United States" Yea, verify.
SO let us give praise to the Lord
for the wisdom now being exhibited by
the United States Senate. And further
more let us hope and pray that Article
X. OF the proposed covenant OF the
League of Nations, so strikingly similar
to the French proposition Of 1913 and
30 aptly termed a trouble breeder" by
Justice Charles f. Hughes. may be
totally rejected and consigned to
oblivion. DIPLOMAT.
NEW YoRK, April 2.
The sun., 1919-04-03
U. S. PEACE ENJOYS HEAR JEWS
American Delegation Prcscnts
Proposition for Protection,

PANS, Arril "A delcgat ton Of Amer
lean Jews, including Col. Harry Cutler
Louis Marshall of New York and Judge
Julian w Mack OF Chicago, was given
n hearing to-day by the American Peace
delegation.
They presented proposition 10 In
clude In the covenant OF the League Of
Nations n section protecting the Interests
of Jewish and other minority popula-
tions In backward States.
The sun., 1919-04-03
Mr.. Blaine on Tobacco.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-Sir: James
G.. Blaine. discussing the tobacco tax In
Congress, coined this eplgram: Tobacco
was not originally a necessity. but It
has become one" I
My impression is that he had particu-
lar reference TO the laboring mans use
OF tobacco.
Better to leave the dessert out OF the
dinner pail than deprive the laborIng
man Of his pipe and tobacco.
ARLINGTON II. CARMAS.
PATcHodUB, l. l., April 2.
The sun., 1919-04-03
An Alderman Adorcs Bo'sheyism.

II regard the present Russian Gov
ernment as the highest form of de.
mocracy that the world has ever seen.
In the Soviet Government no ex
ploiter. no CRATER can exist. I am
proud to be classed MS a Bolshevist.
one who favors that kind Of govern.
ment."
1t is not LENINE who is speaking
but an Alderman OF the city of New
York. BEcKERMAN Of the Sixth dis.
trict, fellow who upon taking office
swore that he would support the Con.
stitution Of the United States.
When a clergyman returned from
Russia recently made the statement
that many of the most insensate char.
acteristics OF Bolshevism were origI.
mated on the East side of Manhattan
Islapa he was sharply criticised. The
The sun., 1919-04-03

East Side was particularly indignant.
Yet the Alderman from a typical East
Side district publicly announces that
the chaos In Russia Is ideal.
Confscation, theft, outrage, muir
der, Incidence. sabotism, the abolition
by the state Of morality, humanity
and Industry: these form BECKER
MANS conception Of the qualities that
make "the highest form Of democracy
that the world has ever seen" He
Is proud of being classed as Boil
shevist, but are the people east Of
Tompklns Square, between Stanton
street and Eighteenth, proud Of their
Alderman?
The sun., 1919-04-03
BIG PLANE SETS NEW RECORD.
French Craft Up 10000 Feet with
Passenger.

PARIS. April 2,-Yesterdays notable
feat OF a giant French biplane In reach
Ing an attitude OF more than 10000 feet
was accomplished under the handicap OF
"a load comprising the pilot, Lieut.. Bous-
sotrot, four passengers and ballast req.
rcsenting eight others The record OF
2o,a0O feet. officially determined. Is
new ono for n flight under such con.
ditons.
Lieut. Boussotrot said after the Night
that he could have reached an altitld"
of $4,000 feet. but that the steering gear
Of the alrrlane began to freeze and he
preferred not TO take the risk OF It's jam.
ming.
The sun., 1919-04-03
The Sun Calendar
THE WEATHER.
MINIATURE ALMANAC.
Standard TiIns.

STANDARD TSIns.
Sun RISES. ;,e.s,AM sun sets, .7'aaPN
Moon ssts, .ll:io
The foregoing table has been corrected to the
new artificial time"
Eastern New York-Falr and warmer
to-day and tomorrow moderate north
west winds. becoming variable.
New Jersey-Fair and warmer to-day.
fair Tomorrow: warmer In interior; mod
crate winds. becoming south.
Northern New enthusiastically fair
in interiort moderate northwest winds.
southern New Engiand-Fair and slightly
warmer to-day; fair and warmer to-mor-
Western New York--Fair and warmer
to-day; cloudy tomorrow, probably show
ers In west portion.
WASHINGTON, April 2.-Temperaturea
OF the Mississippi Valley and there were
more frosts Wednesday morning as Gar
south s as southern Florida. In the Missouri
west temperatures have fallen to some
what below the seasonal average on ac-
count OF rains. while In the far West they
eiptation other than that above men
TONED except some light local snow fut-
res In New England and the middle At
Moderately low pressure overlics the
plains states and the Southwest and Its
ctsstWerd drift will be attended by local
lake region. the lower Ohio and lower
Mlssissippi valleys and on Friday in the
Tsr lake region. the upper Ohio Valley.
the Atlantic States fair weather Will pre-
vail thursday and Friday.
Obervations at United States weather Ru.
eptv ssons taken at r. NJ yesterday soy.
The sun., 1919-04-03
A Word Used by Loggers.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: In
the neighborhood OF Glens Falls, N. ".
recently heard n word pronounced
market" used to describe logs mot
less than thirteen feet long nor less
than Gineteen inches In diameter at the
small end"
7 find nothing in tho dictionaries to
help my understanding. Is II merely
local usage and applied TO such timber
as Is marketable for certain purposes?
Perhaps some OF your readers wise in
woodcraft will tell me- ouERo,
NEW YORK, April Q.
The sun., 1919-04-03
A Bill to Create Unnecessary and
Expensive Judge ships.

A bill introduced at Albany by Mr..
PELLET, who represents the Tenth
district of New York county in the
Assembly. would increase the number
Of the Judges Of the Court Of Gen
eral Sessions from seven to nine. AS
these Judges are elected for term of
fourteen years and receive each a sal
ary Of $17,5OO a year It Is the obvious
duty Of Governor SMITH, In the event
Of this bill passing the houses of the
Legislature. to veto 1t. 1t would sad
die an expense not only heavy but
needless upon the taxpayers
That the money cost would be great
Is obvious, for the enactment of such
law would entail. besides the pay
ment OF $4,000 n year to the Judges
themselves, the far greater expense
Of providing quarters for the new
Judges and surrounding them with
the small army of clerks and attend
ants which the machinery Of justice
seems to require. AS to the nom
necessity Of these proposed Judge
ships, we quote from a report made
by the Committee on the Amendment
of the Law of the Association of the
Bar after this committee had con-
sidercd Mr.. PELLETS bill:
The committee Is informed that q
majority OF the Judges Of the court
are not In favor OF the BILL: that the
bill was introduced without the
knowledge or approval OF the Judges
of the court The committees In
qulries lead II TO believe that the
court Is amply supplied with Judges
to enable II to dispose OF the bust
ness which comes before IT, An
increase of Judges would therefore
put an uncalled for burden OF ex-
pense upon the public"
As the seven men who sit In Gen
eral Sessions must know better than
anybody in Albany the requirements
of their court the bill would be alb
surd II II were not dangerous. Even
II II were the case. as II happens not
to be. that the calendars of the Court
of General Sessions were 80 cOngested
that more Judges appeared to be nee
essary, Judges and wise legislators
would still hesitate to create new
places on this bench; for in addition
to the burden which the new Judge
ships would put upon a distressed
public purse there Is also the situa-
ton that there is no place for add
tional Judges TO hold court. All Of
the available space in NO Criminal
Courts Building is nov taken up by
the criminal branch OF the Supreme
Court, the Court Of General Sessions
and the Court OF Special Sessions.
Where and why this bill of Mr..
PELLET originated would be an inter-
esting sidelight on remarkable at
tempt unnecessarily to increase the
expenses Of New York county by
about 100000 a year; but the i'm
portant thing at the moment is for
the Legislature to see to 1t that the
bill does not pass. If It should pass,
the duty of the Governor, who knows
the courts of this town as we'll as
any man, is plain.
The sun., 1919-04-03
Var. Ing OpiI ions of Friends Ct
World Peace.

, When the President brought to
America the proposed covenant and
constitution for his league Of nations
md presented them to the people as
complete, final and practically I'M
amendable the document was hailed
as sacrosanct by the enthusiastic Sec
rotary Of the Navy. In language al
most frantic in Its intense fervor the
Hon. JosEPHUs DANIELS described the
impression made upon his intellect by
the workmanship Of the draft:
'The draft OF the league is almos@
a. simple as one of the parallels Of
JEsus; almost as illuminating and
uplifting. To-day a fresh wind blows
ever a world filled with noxious
gases"
Contemporaneously, this opinion of
the texture OF the draft was expressed
by President NICHOLAS MURRAY But
LER, quite as good a friend Of peace as
JosEPHus and perhaps a little sound
er II not saner in his mental
processes:
1T 1.-THE draft1 is as clumsy = Bit
81 workmanship as the history Of in
tsrnational agreements affords"
The Secretary of. the Navy and the
President of Columbia, however, were
perhaps no further apart than were
President WILSON and Lord BRYCE on
the question OF the sort Of force which
will afford the necessary backing for
the undertaking and give teeth" to
the leagues constitution. Mr.. WILSON,
in speaking not long ago Of "the re
moval of obstacles which seemed big
and have now grown SMALL" declared
his faith In the potency Of ''rnoral
force" MS the supporter OF "the active
coopera ton Of nations in regard to the
establishment and maintenance of Jus
lice" He said:
There has already been created a
force. which 10 a very formidable
force. which can be rapidly mobiiised
and which will be very effective
when mobilized--nnmely. the moral
force OF the world
On the other hand, Lord BRYCE,
whose devotion to the cause OF world
peace may be regarded as equal to
that Of Mr.. WILSON, and whose gift
or habit Of specific utterance is GER
tainly not inferior TO our Presidents,
lays down with emphasis. In volume
of war time essays and addresses re.
Gently published. this principle:
Force and nothing but Force will
restrain those to whom Might is
Right"
1t is obviously not moral force. In
the sense intended by President VIII
son, to which Lord BRYCE refers; but
he apparently refralns from commit.
ting himself to the opinion that the
league ought to go any further In the
application than ito confine itself to
securing either arbitration. or period
of time sufficient for inquiry ana con.
Citation. leaving the dlsputant par.
ties alone so soon as one or the other
method has been applied"
Perhaps the nearest approach Il
unanimity attained by any opinion
concerning Mr.. WILSON'S particular
plan is reached by that general con
clusion which Mr.. Tsoor put In THU
form: ut has very serious faults
which may lead to the ultimate fall
ure Of the whole scheme unless they
are remedied: and some faults which
unnecessarily and without any benefi
whatever to the project tend to EN-
barrass and hinder the United State,
in giving Its full support to tn,
scheme"
The sun., 1919-04-03

while clothes are so expensive I
am not going to indulge In the luxury
OF new overcoat just because a fool
shot few holes in my old coat" says
Premier CLEMENCEAU. Let's all scorn
moths as the Tiger scorns murderers.
The sun., 1919-04-03
WANT WOMEN ON BoURsE.
Paris Democrats Send Petition {,
stewards.
nv ne Associatcd Prtss.

PARIS. April 2-The local commute
OF the Democratic party has petitIcucl
the stewards Of the BOurse to cXtcnI 90
women the right TO trade on the floor of
the exchange, basipg the request On H.
equality of the sexes In political a.a
professional pursuits.
The sun., 1919-04-03

Where are all the war desks going
headline.
We suppose they will be sold at auc-
ton. and those badly SCARED with spur
marks may be had cheap.
The sun., 1919-04-03

II Captain D'ANNuNzio's fiivver fiier
becomes popular then the bird king
dom will demand the doctrine Of free
dom OF the air" for its own species.
The sun., 1919-04-03

Tho Bug-what sort Of 4 house have
you got on your backf
The snail--A post once. what did you
auppose7