The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1919-07-12

One of these theories assumes that
when the lubricant is between the sur
faces that it breaks up into many little
balls and rollers and that the surfaces
thus are rolled on one another.
The other theory, is based upon the
fact that If even the smOOthest APP
rearing surface is examined under
microscope, the surface Will appear
rough and be made up of minute holes
or protruding (sticking OUT particles.
when two such surfaces are placed to-
gether. the protruding particles Of the
one will set into the holes of the other.
The greater the pressure between the
surfaces, the deeper will the particles
go. II the surfaces are now moved
On one another, these protruding par
ticles will be broken off, and as they
break off, heat will be generated. and
of course the surfaces will wear.
When an oil or other lubricant
is placed between the surfaces. it is
assumed that the lubricant fills up
these minute holes and SO prevents
the protruding particles getting into
them and thus being broken off.
In time the lubricant will be decom-
posed an disappear and unless re-
placed the surfaces will not be lubri-
Gated. In a machine the lubricant
cannot be placed between the sur
faces by separating them, and so must
be spread between them by their own
movement. For this reason, there al
ways is a hole in one Of the parts
through which the lubricant can en-
ter. In order for the lubricant to be
drawn in between the surfaces from
the hole, it must have the property Of
sticking or adhering to the moving
surface and to itself or it will simply
remain in the hole. The property of
adhering to other material and to it.
self is called viscosity. Good Oil has
this property to a large extent, while
water has practically none Of it. If
you will insert a piece OF steel in
some oil you will find on taking it out
that it is covered quite thickly with
the oil, while if the steel Is put into
water when taken out 1t will have but
very few drops ofgwater on it. For
this reason water is not good as a
lubricant, while oil or grease is good
If the surfaces are pressed to-
gether under a great pressure, even
the most viscos oil will not get be-
tween the surfaces from the hole. For
this reason the oil hole must always
be placed at the point of least pres
sure. Once the oil gets between the
surfaces, because of it's roller action.
it will quickly spread between the sur
faces which are under high pressure.
Have you ever noticed how the axles
of a locomotive or railway car are lu-
bricated from the bottom. The weight
of the locomotive is bourne on the top
Of the axle and 1t Is a matter of loco
motive design history, that all at
temps to lubricate from the top have
failed. 1t is for this same reason that
when an automobile mechanic tight
ems his bearings too much, they will
soon burn out.
For the fabrication Of an automo-
bile engine an oil Is almost always
used, while for other parts Of the car,
2 grease is usually used. AS we are
now studying the engine we will take
I'D it's fabrication now only. and will
take up the fabrication Of other parts
when fe come to them.
In the present day engine the oil
is poured into the crank case. and
then by what is known as the splash,
the pump or pour over, or the force