davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-06-01

is there any such thing as finality in
u historyf The facts and events that
constitute the history of the world and
the biographies of its great men being
Interchangeable, it would seem that when
once truly narrated there would be no
occasion or excuse for telling them over
again. This proposition would be unan-
swerable if the record of facts were I'M
disputed and the differences to be drawn
from the events of history and the con-
duct of historical personages were plain
and inevitable. When, however, We find
the Emperor Nero portrayed as fairly
good monarch by a clergyman of the
Church of England, and Lucretia Borgia
represented by another historian as rather
a pleasant person to have in the family,
we realize that there is abundant room
for differences of opinion in the writing
of history. The usefulness of historical
study consists chiefly in the help which it
affords us in the solution Of the political,
social and industrial problems of the pres
ent day; and the student expects from the
historian a consideration OF the great
characters and great events Of the past in
the light Of present day conditions and the
development of civilization subsequent to
the times with which he deals Hence it
is that history and historical biography
must from time to time be rewritten in
order that the reader may '1ook back
ward" with the greatest profit to himself
IN his conduct as a member of the COM
monwealth and his discharge of the duties
Of citizenship.
The sun., 1919-06-01

ward WIN the greateSt prOnt 10 nlmSeu
In his conduct as a member of the COM
monwealth and his discharge of the duties
Of citizenship.
II.
In this view the new series of historical
biographies undertaken by Messrs. Charles
Scribner's Sons under the general title of
Figures from american History will full
, 81 o useful function. The first volume is
q life of Thomas Jefferson, by DR.. David
Saville Muzzey, associate professor of his
tory IN Columbia University; the second
volume is a memoir of Jefferson Davis
by Armistead C. Gordon, a prominent
Virginia lawyer who has written many
stories Of the South, poems and several
biographies of prominent Southern men.
Prof. Muzzey says that the story of IL
lustrious men cannot be too often retold;
but he finds a better reason for retelling
the story of Thomas jefferson In the fact
that even at this late day there are those
who persistently deny to jefferson that
high place in American craftsmanship
which the author thinks he deserves.
SThomas Jefferson" we are told, lis still
q subject for acrimonious criticism and
chivalrous defence" Prof. Muzzey thinks
il absurd to condemn Jefferson because he
was not like Hamilton and points out that
be was only in direct contact and conflict
with Hamilton during the four stormy
years of their membership in Washing
toms Cabinet out of the forty years Of
Jefferson's public life.
For new biography of jefferson Davis
at this time no apology is needed. The
life of the President of the Confederate
States of America is little known among
the youth of the North to-day or to any
but those persons who are old enough to
remember the events of the civil war. In
the South itself, during his Presidency, his
ability was questioned by many bitter
critics and no great leader of men was
ever the subject of more antagonistic con-
temporary opinions. A fair judicial es-
innate of his character and career, writ
ten after the asperities Of four years of
civil strife have largely passed away, can
not fail to contribute to a better under
standing Of the differences that brought
about the war of secession.
III.
To students at high school or college
undertaking course in American history
to young readers in public libraries or at
home entertaining a like purpose, and to
their seniors who desire to revive their
recollections of the great men Of the
American Revolution, Prof. Muzzey's life
of the third President of the United States
should be as welcome as it is certain to
prove useful and interesting. The volume
Is also valuable as a concise manual OF
reference. In the authors judgment Of
Jefferson's character we find little OF
nothing TO provoke dissent. He justly ex-
tolls Jeffcrson's intense passion for human
freedom, at the same time regretting the
absence of a sense of humor, the posses
SION of which would have saved him from
many Illuminating experience. So much
of Jefferson's life was spent in the public
service, from his election to the Virgins
House of Burgesses in 1867 to his retire
ment from the Presidency in 1909; a:
State Legislator, member Of the Cont
The sun., 1919-06-01

His first wife was a daughter Of Gen.
Zachary Taylor, afterward his commander
ut Buena Vista and President of the
United States. Col. Taylor las he was
them would not consent to the marriage
until Lieut.. Davis resigned from the army,
saying in a letter to a brother officer, II
will be damned if another daughter of
mine shall marry into the army" The
sutton resigned in 1885 and the marriage
took place, but the bride survived only
few months and the bereaved young hus-
band withdrew from active life to the Sc
clusion of his Mississippi plantation, where
for a period of eight years he devoted
himself to the duties of q Southern
The sun., 1919-06-01

that no man Of modern times has been
more diversely estimated, both by his con-
temporaries and those who have come
later, than has Jefferson Davis. The
biography of Edward A. Pollard, pub
lished in 1864, is as denunciatory as that
by Frank II. Alfriend, published in the
previous year, was Mandatory.
In forming judgment of the course of
jefferson Davis as the head of the Con-
federate Government it must not be for
gotten that he had enjoyed the benefit of
a military education at West Point, after
which he served seven years as an officer
of the Regular Army; and that later, in
the Mexican war, he commanded a volun-
teer regiment, the Mississippi Rifles, and
displayed much skill and courage at the
battle of Buena Vista, where he was Sc
riously wounded. This experience undoubt-
eddy affected him in his judgments of
the military men and measures of the Con-
federacy; and thus arose much of the
friction which has been so much discussed
by Southern historians of the period and
which would probably not have occurred
under strictly civilian President. When
his own State, Mississippi, seeded in
1861, be was at first put in command of
its military forces; and Mr.. Gordon thinks
''there is little doubt, whatever might have
proven to be his skill and ability as the
commander of an army in the field, he
would have preferred the command of the
Confederate armies to occupying the Of
fee of President"
The sun., 1919-06-01

THOMAS JEFFERSON. By DAVID sAvILLs
MUzzEY. Charles Scribner' 3 Sons. $l.50.
JEFFERSON DAVIS BIZ ARMTsTEAD U.
GORDON. Charles Scribner 9 Sons. t1-5O-
The sun., 1919-06-01

THE VALLEY OF THE SQUIRTING
WINDOWS. BY BRINsLEY MAcNAMAKA.
Rrentano's 3. $1.50.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
Early Aviation EIiuht.

One may be reasonably surprised
that interest in aviation has not soon
er revived, as a curiosity Of the past,
the legend of Alexander the Great
and his youthful ascent in a small
car drawn by gryphons. The legend
was widely current in the middle ages.
and many who heard it doubtless be-
lieved that Alexander's "gryhoplane."
as a modern headline writer cheerful
ly calls it, had attained an altitude
which would make the record as
censiOn of modern aviation seem like
a childish experiment. Gryphons. as
those who know their "Alice in Won
derland" will remember, were odd
birds, and Alexander, an adventurous
boy of twelve, was said to have har-
messed two of them to a basket of
rushes and been carried to a height
of 1854 feet returning to meet a
protesting parent, who asked him
show long he expected to keep up his
infantile tricks. ."-Christian Science
Monitor.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
CONSERVATION is GOOD PLAN
Parents Worn-Out Garments Afford
Good Material for Apparel for
the Youngsters.

Fabrics of all kinds are very high
in price and there seems to be no
immediate prospect of a reduction, so
that using every available inch of
material to the best possible advantage
is advisable and, in the average home,
necessary. One mother of a small
daughter makes charming smock
frocks for the little one by using her
own half-wOrn tub skirts for the pur-
pose now that the summer is ended.
These little smOcks are embroidered
in color. Boomers in matching shade,
made of gingham, chambray or linen,
accompany each dress.
Having the children well dressed at
all times is often more a question Of
management than money, and the
same mother who uses her half-worn
summer skirts to make smOcks for the
small daughter finds material for many
boomers and rOmpers in the unworn
parts of her husbands shirts. Mems
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
WASHING OF DRESS SHIELDS
Directions Accompanying Article
Should Be Followed to Get Salts
factory Results.

If one wishes to get the full value
from her dress shields she should fol-
low closely the directions for wash
ing which usually accompany each set
of shields, writes Charlotte E. Carpen-
ter of the Colorado Agricultural col
lege.
The sheet rubber, the rubberized
cloth and the pyroxyl in shield should
be washed in warm, not hot, water
which contains few drops Of am
monia, one teaspoonful Of household
ammonia to a quart of water. Use
no soap. Dry at natural room tenn
perature. Do no place on radiators
or any hot surface. When dry the
shields may be pressed with a moder-
ately hot iron.
The balata shields should be soaked
in a cold sOapsuds made from mild
soap such as ivory. The naphtha and
strong yellow soaps should not be
used. Scrub the shields with a stiff
brush. Rinse we'll in cold water.
Shape while wet. Dry thoroughly. Do
not iron.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
TRIMMING FOR SATIN FROCK
Embroidery Floss May Be Effectively
Used About the Edge, Affording
Unique Touch.

If you are one Of the fortunate peo-
pie who are going to have a black
satin frock for the next season, here
is a novel way to trim it with your
own needle.
Cut the satin into a number of half
inch squares. Then with embroidery
floss In one Of the new nasturtium
shades, Cuban red or jasper green,
buttonhole about the edge. A less
solid effect and perhaps more desir-
able one is secured by using a blanket
stitch instead Of a buttonhole. Ger
tainly it will be less work.
Three squares are strung by one cor
ner to a small black cord If you like,
or applied by one corner directly to
the material. They make a very at
tractive trimming for collars, collar
less neck lines, cuffs and girdles. A
unique touch of this sort may convert
the plainest frock into one with a
considerable degree of distiEetion.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
MINOR FREE AND STILL SPELLBINDING

Robert A Minor, an American
Journalist and cartoonist and ''sensa-
tional spellbinder of the soap-box
type" is a storm-center and has been
for some time. He was arrested in
April of 1919 in Paris by the French
at the instigat;on of the British and
taken to Coblenz, where he was tried
by the Americans on the charge that
he had engaged in a campaign of prop
aganda to weaken the military pow
er of the allies. July 5 he was re-
leased from the military prison under
circumstances which the war CORE
spondents endeavored vainly to ex-
plain.
July 81 the senate passed a reso-
luton calling upon the secretary of
war for explanations. October 10 the
senate passed another resolution to
the same effect. Several senator's
freed their minds. Senator Poindex-
ter, comparing Minor TO Trotzki, said
$50 it is with Minor, who, by
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
NEWEST CORSETS ARE LIGHT
Creations Are Slightly Boned but
Shaped to Give Necessary Sup
port to Figure.

The newest corsets remain creations
of lightweight fabrics lightly boned,
but so shaped as to give needful sup
port to the figure without themselves
giving any special evidence of their
inclusion as a silhouette influence.
The length is still a marked feature,
but on account Of the scientific place
ment of the bones and the reduction
Of such to a minimum, there is not the
slightest discomfort in the wearing of
the long apron model.
The bust line is a bit higher, at
least for those who like the slightly
raised line. For slender figures the
extension of the material over the
waistline is a matter of but two or
three inches; and there are models
that are hardly more than hip con-
finers, so little thought do they take
of the upper part Of the figure.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
THE FIRST CONGRESS OF ITS KIND

Mrs. Raymond Robins of Chicago
president Of the National Woman's
Trade Union league, whose portrait is
given herewith, called together the re-
cent international Congress of Work
Ing Women in Washington, the first
assemblage Of it's kind. 1t was most
interesting gathering. Speeches in
four languages and songs in as many
more marked the opening session.
Some 80 of the delegates came from
foreign countries, IL nations and the
United States being represented. but
with the services Of corps of young
women interpreters all the addresses
made were fully understood. English,
French, Polish and Bohemian generally
sufficed, Italian, Japanese and other
nationals getting the meaning through
one of these four languages.
The congress had for it's purpose
an interchange of ideas and expert
ences on subjects which most inti-
mately affect women-legislation con-
Of mothers and protection of their sex
countries had ten votes, regardless of
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
in 1nt y TWILIGHT
JENKINS: KIDNAPPED AND RANSOMED

Mexican outrages upon Americans
have become such an old story that
even the kidnapping by bandits of Will
liam o. Jenkins, the American con-
sular agent at Puebla, Mexico did not
create any great excitement To be
sure, Senator Meyers Dem) of Mon
tana introduced a resolution Is. Res.
22O) reciting that it is the sense of
this body that the president of the
United States and the secretary of
war should at once use all the armed
forces and power of the United States
to recover and have Immediately the
said Jenkins alive or his abductors
dead"
But other senators calmed him
The resolution induced the state de-
partment, however, to serve notice on
Carranza that he must ransom Jen-
kIns, even if he had to pay the $780,
OOO (Mexican) demanded by Frederico
Cordova, leader Of the bandits.
The release of Jenkins was eff
fected by MeStre his nerSOnal attornov
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
BASSLER: ALFALFA KING OF AMERICA

The United States has another
uncrowned monarch. This time he is
the Alfalfa King of America" In
private life he is e. NJ Bassler of
Milwaukee. King Bassler is an engi-
neer whose speciality is drying things.
He says he can dry anything. He
has built plants for drying grain and
plants for drying hemp. He says that
he can build plant that will dry the
garbage Of large city and convert 1t
into the finest kind of feed for hogs.
Now about the Alfalfa King
business: 1t appears that he is en-
titled to the title because he has
patented a process for drying alfalfa.
This process has advanced the price
of alfalfa, it Is stated, from $50 ton
to $72 ton.
It's the drying that does the busf-
ness. 1t is set forth that under the
old plan of drying alfalfa in the sun
it turns out a dirty brown and the
valuable small leaves drop off. King
J. After 20 minutes in it the alfalfa
be put in bags and shipped to the ends
in IT nar cent of nrOtein as compared
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21

Pale Blue Chiffon Dancing Frock.
ly among the evening and dance
frocks, show decided fullness at the
hip line.
The fullness may be obtained by
f1ouncing or a full peplum of the silk,
as in the case of very chic little
debutante dance frock, which was
shown with an interesting collection
of youthful evening frocks for the
debutante.
The frock under discussion was of
black taffeta, combined with change
able black and green taffeta. The
black taffeta bodice had a full peplum
to the lower edge of which was at
tached a full gathered peplum
stiffened at the hem. Sewn to the
lower edge of the taffeta peplum was
a deep, full f1ounce or tunic of black
chantilly lace. The underskirt was of
black and green changeable taffeta.
"Taffeta is to have a decided vogue
nails state-and judging from the
number of taffeta frocks recently
noted, the report is not without foun-
dation.
A chic dance frock also of taffeta
included in the same collection as the
one described, also showed a decided
width at the hip line. This model was
of the loveliest pale blue tint, with
changeable silvery sheen to it. The
full Deplum stiffened at the lower
edge to give width at the hip line, was
trimmed with silver lace, the bodice
was draped in silver threaded chiffon.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
KILLS TREE PESTS
Doctor WoodpeCker Is Natures
Chief Wood Surgeon.
In Everlasting Conflict With Millions
of Dangerous Enemies That Would
Destroy the Life of the Sturdy
Forest Monarchs.

If half a thousand disease germs
should suddenly begin eating into the
life tissues of your body, you would
surely need doctor, writes F. e.
Brimmer in the Farm Journal. Yet
more than 500 species Of insects prey
upon the oak tree, and still we wonder
at it's strength and vigor. So much,
indeed, that sturdy as an oak" has
become an advertising slogan.
The sturdy oak owes much of it's
long life to Doctor Woodpecker, ma
ture's skilled wood surgeon. One bOrer
would kill tree Single-handed if left
at his deadly work long enough; so
will few beetles. A single mother
beetle will produce nearly 100000
young destroyers in a summer of unin-
terrupted activity. Weevils only stunt
the growth of the tree and leave it
full of holes, an easy victim to other
destroyers. Saw flies, caterpillars,
ants and moths are among the hosts of
tree pests that damage the outer part
of the trees. Against all these the
tree is defenseless, except for the busy
surgeon. hungry bird of any other
kind cannot help the tree, for the pests
are hidden beneath the bark or far un-
der the surface.
Just as plaques and epidemics wiped
out whole villages of people in the
middle ages, so if left to their enemies
it would be only few decades before
all forests would be murdered-nOth-
ing but dead, grub-bored stubs and
fallen trunks left. To prevent this
terrible condition nature sends ply
sician regularly to each patient. Some
times Doctor Woodpecker has been
known to spend as many as three days
operating on one very bad case, con-
stantly using to advantage his tree
surgery tools. Generally his incision
is only as deep as the thickness Of the
bark. Often he slides his spearbill be-
tween seams or crevices and draws out
the worm, leaving no mark or scar on
the bark to show where he did it. At
other times his cuttings may be deep
galleries tunnels or cavernS.
great deal Of the drumming that
we hear is only for sounding purposes
much like man taps the wall with
a hammer to find a studding. When
Doctor Woodpecker has discovered a
diseased part he directs a rapid fire
of rattling beats upon the spot with
his pickax bill, raining his hammer
like blows with automatic and aston
ishing precision, until his prey is
brought to light. Then he thrusts in
his barbed bill and, with a sudden
backward jerk, brings forth the deadly
grub.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
PIaythina of Liqhtnino.

Lightning has a peculiar effect on
a young woman of Monaco, Pa. During
a thunderstorm recently there came a
flash which caused her right hand to
close rigidly, and it required the ef-
forts of four men to open it sufficient
ly to place it in splint. She has suf-
fered six similar injuries in the last
two years.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21

shirtings are usually woven in attrac-
tive colors. The sleeves generally wear
out While the body of the shirt is still
in excellent condition. Here is found
an abundance of material for boomers
or pair of rompers for a little lady
of three or four years.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
Much Peat in America.

There are about 11,188 square miles
of peat bog in the United States, cap
able Of producing more than 12,OOO.-
100000 tons of fuel.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
SKIRTS ARE WIDER
SmarteSt Models Show Difference
From Summer Styles.
Advance Fashions, Especially Evening
and Dance Frocks, Show Full
ness at Hip Line.

There is every indication of the re-
turn of the full skirt, for the smart
est models now on exhibition show
much wider skirts than was the sum-
mer fashion. Indeed, in many in
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
Largest Wheat Farm.

The largest wheat farm In the world
is 100000 acres in area and lies part
in Montana and the rest in Wyoming.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
Egyptian Cotton Short.

Owing to low water this year in the
Nile tEAere will be a decided shortage
in fh.- Ervntian cotton crOna
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21
ono AnprenticeshIn

J. G. Malcolmn has been coroner in
Leeds, England, 40 years and officiated
at $4,000 inquests. He is eighty-eight.
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21

Dy es his personal
so receipt from Cordoa and put jenkins
Arizona state miner., 1919-11-21


put in bags and shipped to the enos
contain IL per cent o Ao DIS
with 12
New-York tribune., 1919-04-22
NeaO Rivals Appear
For Sea Flight as
IVinds DeLny ,Star,

ST JOHNS, N. F., April 21.--Con-
tinued reports of 'head winds" in
midocean to-day caused another post
ponement of the start of the trans
atlantic flights of Captain Frederick
p. Raynham, British aviator, and
Harry G. Nawker. his Australian rival,
in their competition for the $50 600
prize offered by the London DAILY
Mall. Both alrmen are making social
engagements for the next day or two.
and have given up their hourly watch
Tor an opportunity to chop off" an
ticlpatlng no immediate iavorable on
pUrtunlty.
II unfavorable weather and winds
continue, several new competitors may
arrive with their machines and attcmnt
to get away with RAynham and nnvllnr.
An alrdromc Is being prepared at nnr-
hor Grace for Handley. venture.
and to-day there arrived here an npent
OF boulton Paul. Of Norwich, Enr.
land, who Is selecting n site for an air
drome and arranging for petrol and
auxiliary supplies for that hrm's air.
nlanc. which, he announced. il sched-
ulcd TO start from here in Nav or juno
Captain Sydney Bennett son of j. r.
Bennctt, Newfoundland Minister of MI.
lltia, is reported as en- route to make
hnal arrangements for Boulton 6. Paul.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-22

platform. addressed the same audi
ence through the amplifer. He
praised the work of the American
army in France, saying the navy WAS
really an auxiliary Of the army.
To the prolonged applause Admiral
Sims responded by explaining that he
interpreted the cheering as an express
sion OF gratitude for the navy and not
for any individual connected with it.
Billie Burke, the actress, sold bonds t,
the audience after the address of Ad
miral Sims, who bought the first bon
and also spoke at other meetings.
The throug of government en-
ploves, dismissed for the capital
opening loan demonstration, cheer,
the Presidents message as spok
through the air and enunciated d
tinctly to them by Lieutenant H.
Netcalf, the officer in the airpla
The crowd craned their necks to
the plane soaring far above bear
the officer whose words came to tken,
so distinctly.
"Hello, Hello, Treasury" cried the
aviator. "I am now $500 feet oser
von in plane $500 from Boiling
field" He then read the message and
concluded by bidding goodbye to the
crowd good naturedly.