davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13

neutral markets British industry has
r,ade a red ink overdraft on the fu-
iure, an overdraft on the phys que &.
her citizens. an overdraft that has
consumed her house facilities; that
over draft must now be made good. al
the expense OF the nation. At the
direct expense of industry a minimum
wage must be paid. either voluntarily
or such wage will be fixed by law
Pretty much all labor opinion is on
the side Of a legal enactment In re-
gard to a minimum wage. and a con,
siderable body OF employers haze also
reached the same conclusion.
This means that the differentia.
, which British industry has hal Is foI
he most part gone. There can be
no more overdrafts on the future OF
r'is character. II there were not hope
ot getting increased efficiency ia pro-
duction the outlook for British ndus-
Ivy on this account alone would lie
| .srk, for with the differential OF low
wages lost England's ability to COTE
pete, particularly with America, Will
be seriously handicapped.
European Market Is Essential
The factors which 1 have been dis
'nssing have their roots in conditions
which existed prior to the war.
There now comes another great fac
| tor, that for a time at least win be of
| tremendous Importance to the British
industrial situation, have said that
sll England was a great workshop de-
pendent upon outside markets to con-
sumo the products OF her industries in
| order that margin might be earned
to enable her to buy food. The great
customer Of England was the continent
| OF Europe, and English life has been
| organized in such a way that the mar
ket for her Industrial products In Eu-
rope Is essential. II she is to earn the
! mar gin that she requires to pay for
her food imports from other countries,
| There has now come an almost incon-
ceivable disorganization of her Euro
pean market. In another chapter I
! have said something OF continental in
; dustry, Of the breakdown of the con-
tinental domestic transportation sys-
tenn and Of the chaos in currencies
and credit. These disorganlzing fac
tors thrown into the nicely balanced
commercial and industrial mechanism
have made a wreck which. compared
with any material injury directly
caused by the war. makes the after
war hurt more serious than the direct
harm OF shell and bomb.
1t is essential to the continuation
of British Industrial life that she re-
gain her European market That
means that the demand In these mar
kets must be made effective by giving
buyers the credits that they must have
to restart the commercial cycle. That
cannot be effectively done until the
industries of Europe are themselves
restarted and Idle hands put TO work
30 that Europe may help itself back
to a normal industrial life. There can
be no permanent International trade
unless both sides TO the bargain have
something TO sell.
| Europe cannot buy from England UNI
less Europe can produce something to
sell TO the nations outside of Europe.
England's ability to regain European
markets, therefore. hinges upon the
restarting Of European industry. In
less that can be speedily done and a
Continental demand for English goods
resstablIshed England's Industrial
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13

condition becomes critical. Indeed,
one of her responsible ministers told
me that unless her European market
can be reestablished the problem of
the Government will be to export five
or six million Of English citizens to the
colonies and elsewhere where they
will be close to the food supply, be-
cause the English industrial machine
is set up now on q basis that requires
something like the whole demand from
the Continental markets in order that
enough may be earned to buy the food
that the English must have to live.
Our own position In international
industrial markets will be In large
measure influenced by England's abil-
ity TO continue successfully to COM
pete in those markets.
There are other important factors
affecting the future Of English indus
try. some of which are imponderable.
for they have to do with character
and with the way mems minds oper-
ate. The time that was at my dis
posal to inquire into this important
question Of the attitude OF mind OF
labor leaders. Of employers and of
Government officials, was brief; but
l encountered such marked courtesy
on the part OF the Government, which
went to great trouble to arrange a
series of interviews with Government
ministers, union labor leaders, en-
ployers and others. that I was able to
see many important leaders in a few
days. In carrying out this programme
OF interviews there was such complete
cooperation. such frank expressions of
views, that I feel extraordinarily in
debted to the officials who arranged
the interviews and 20 the men who
gave UP their time to them. Some
OF thesA men travelled long distances
TO London az the request OF the Gov
eminent TO keep these appointments.
1t made me wonder II we at home
would Be as courteous under similar
circumstances TO an unofficlal visitor
Of an inquirins turn OF mind.
Finds Transportation ParaIyzed.
Among the people whom I met and
who gave me ample time for q fun
uioSuSoioH Nore the minister OF LahOr,
Sin Robert Horne; the Minister OF Re-
construction. Sir Auckland Geddes;
the Minister Of Food, the Right Hon.
George II, Roberts; Lord Miner, Lord
Leverhulme, Mr. Rowntree, the Right
Hon. Arthur Henderson, Prof G. D..
II. Cole, representing the radical wing
OF the Labor party; the Right Hon.
j. II. Whitley. author Of the so-called
whitley System" OF Industrial Coun-
ellis; Mr.. A. Taylor OF the Federated
Trades Unions; Commander ]. b.
Adams, general manager OF the EN-
ployment Exchanges. and many 9TH
ers.
After three days fully given up to
conversations with these men, | feel
entitled to say something on the sub
tect OF the English attitude toward
labor questions. even though one
might smile at the assurance of doing
that after so brief a study, were not
the sources OF information so distin-
gulshed.
I had had a fortnight Of observa-
ton OF labor conditions beginning Feb
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13

All agreed that the wing of the
Labor party which believed that II was
desirable ultimately 10 overthrow the
present order OF the capitalistic state
and to substitute for 1t a Communistic
society did not represent over 10 to 10
per cent. of the organized laborers, but
II was agreed that this minority was
| led with great skill; that 1t understood
the power of propaganda, while the
more conservative majority was phleg-
matte and lacked assertion. 1t was
agreed. too, that while the radical
| minority was at present small, its
ranks would be potentially increased
| II living conditions became more seri-
, ously difficult.
The great employers of labor whom
l met were probably representative Of
the most advanced and liberal thinking
employers. Lord Leverhulme, for ex-
ample, is the open advocate OF a six
hour day, having reached that conciu-
| sion not because he believes labor will
accomplish as much in six hours as in
a longer working period, but he thinks
industry must use its machinery to q
greater advantage than keeping 1t en-
ployed for one-third of the twenty.
four hours. He therefore concludes
that two shifts of six hours a day pre-
sent the ultimate solution.
I cannot but believe that there Is
still great mass OF Tory thought in
the employing classes. 1t Is certain
that, broadly speaking, employers are
! thoroughly awake to the necessity for
concessions to labor. There Is an
awakened consciousness OF response
bility for unemployment. The indus
trial theory that labor Is a commodity
to be bought when wanted on the best
terms that the bargain can be made is
disappearing The idea that there
should be n genuine minimum wage,
varying with different localities ana
conditions, but applicable TO every one,
is gaining ground.
All Glasses Are Optimistic.
Employers minds are beginning 10
wonder II industry has not been short
sighted in leaving labor always in a
state Of apprehension in regard 10 the
stability OF Its position and at least TO
question. IL not fully to admit. that
industry would gain in efficiency un.
der system of unemployment insur-
ance. The aspirations OF labor for n
| larger voice in the management OF In =
| dustry is being listened to with atten-
ton, and on every hand there is recog-
milton that in the future labor will
have. and in justice should have, a
larger division of profits OF industry
either in the form OF profit sharing or.
what seems more practical for the
presept at least. maximum wages
above minimum standards. so far as
the Government officials are concerned
they seemed intelligently and keenly
awake to the various questions IN
volved In the labor problem. but like
sll governments, move slowly in posi-
tive action.
Perhaps the most significant thing
that ! got out Of these interviews was
the sense OF n sort OF logged optimism
in the minds OF all classes and a belief
In the power and intelligence OF Eng
land and Englishmen. n more or less
conscious impression. that they would
work out eventually relationship be-
tween labortand capital in which all
apparent sacrifices that capital might
have to make would be more than
compensated FOR by the increased en-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13

have striven to understand them and
conform to them. This was met by a
good deal Of blind teryism among the
employers, although on that side there
are examples of liberalism of thought
and depth OF intelligence that do
not think can be matched in America
On the whole the forces tending to
keep down wages proved for twenty
years prior to the war almost as
strong as the forces tending to raise
them. and the result has been during
that period that with a somewhat in
creasing cost Of living the standard
of living Of the laborer has certainly
not much advanced and l believe on
the whole has refrigerated. Whatever
the statistics OF index numbers may
show, at least two great broad facts
are evident. One Of these Is the de-
terioration In physique. 1t may seem
strange to suggest a deterioration in
English manhood In the light OF Eng
lands accomplishment during four
and a half years in battle. Ger
tainly she ID not nation In physical
decadence. for never has there been
shown such bulldog tenacity OF
greater physical courage. Neverthe-
less, a visit to the mill towns OF the
cotton spinning districts, for example
shows almost another race of people
compared with the well fed English
men We know in London. a race un.
dersized. underfed. underdeveloped
and undereducated.
Lloyd Georges famous utterance that
you could not build an Al nation out
of C-S population has sunk deep into
the English mind. The statistics OF
physique which the military annals
produce show that one-third Of the
male population of fighting age was
unfit for military effort.
The Great Housing Problem.
The other great outstanding fact in
dicating in British industry a wage
scale insufficient for what is regarded
as a minimum standard of living ID
found In the great national housing
problem. The brutal truth is that
England's labor has been 30 underpaid
during the last generation that IL has
been unable to keep a roof over Its
head, and to-day there Is urgent need
for homes for million working mems
families. This need is so great that
the domestic situation OF labor has be-
come a national scandal, recognized by
Parliament and employers, and one OF
the most important national move
ments in England to-day is connected
with The housing problem. There is
a programme working through ma.
tioDal aid toward the immediate build
ing Of five hundred thousand houses
1t Is admitted on every hand that the
deterioration and crowding In houses
has gone to shocking point-has
gone so far that nothing short Of ma
tiond aid can rescue English labor
from an intolerabie position.
have gone into this situation rather
fully because believe II leads to q
conclusion OF enormous Importance In
ascertaining the future position OF
British industry in international com
petition. The differential that Eng
land has had in the last generation
compared with America. and I believe
In some degree with Germany, has
been the differential OF a wage scale
that averaged lower than the point al
which the physical efficiency Of labor
could be maintained.
In, order successfully to compete In
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13
What Happened to Europe.

This is the second Of five in
staIments of What Happened to
Europe" written BY Frank A.
Vanderiip. who recently resigned
as president of the National City
Bank and has long been recog-
nized as one of the leading fnan-
ciers of the country. His account
of industrial. social and financial
conditions overseas is based on q
three months personal and ex-
hsustive investigation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13
anderlp Tells of Great Handicaps on Engands Indusr

Declares Britain
Must Make Good
Its Overdraft on
Physique fWor
men Whose SIAM
ina Is Depleted by
Low Wage Con-
dition ST uture
Hinges, Too. on
Regaining Euro
pean Markets
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-13

Continued on Nm'h Page,
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
CHRISTIAN
Central Christian Church


 Located at corner Central avenue and Mckinley street. Pastor, W. S. Buchanan; secretary, Fay Bartlett, Of flee and study in church.
 Bible school at 9:45 a. m., orchestra begins playing at $40 a. m. Study period from 10:0O to 10:30 a. m.
 Communion services at 10:45 a. m. Preaching at Il a. m. Morning sub ject, Thy Will Not Mine" Morning Anthem, My God and Father While I Stray" by G. W. Marston. Solo, MT Garrison, Tn Thy Hand,' by Ashley.
 Evening, the congregation will join the other churches in a union service at the Y. M. C. A. stadium. at S:30 p. m. MT. W. s. Buchanan will de- liver the address. Subject, God s Why" Special music will be given.
 Young Peoples meeting at 7:15. Subject, What Does Loyalty to Our Church and Country Call For? Matt 22:15-22
 Miss Edith Harrison. leader All young people are invited to attend
 Prayer meeting Wednesday evening at 500 o'clock. Subject, The Favored Nation" Qsaiah 5:1-1; Psalm 33:12; IA; 12-15)
 A cordial invitation is extended to all to worship with us.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29

Business girls who desire to do so to the Y. W. c. A. rooms over the cafeteria. One of the rooms has been arranged as a lunch room: iced tea will be served, and an electric grill is at the disposal of those who wish to use it. The rest room, reading room and piano are for the use of all girls and women, whether membrs of the association or not.
 Members of this years delegation to the city Y. ". c. A. conference at Asilomar, California, met Friday ev- ening at the boarding home Asilo- mar, located near Monterey, Califor- mia, is the conference ground for the Young Women's Christian associations in Arizona, California and Nevada, and the association at Honolulu is also represented at this conference. Dur ing June and July are held confer ences for college and high school girls and from July p to August 1, mem bers of city associations, including board members, club members and secretaries, meet for ten days of in- spiration, instruction and good times
 Asilomar, meaning 'Retreat-by- the Sea- is the gift to the association of many of it's friends, chief among them being Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst, for whom the spacious social hall is named Tent houses large enough to accom- modate thirty girls are most comfort ably arranged. A great dining hall
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
BAPTIST
First Baptist Church

Corner of Monroe street and Third avenue. Rev. Geo. NJ. Lehigh, pastor. w. W. Greene, superintendent of the Sunday school
 Sunday school at 9:45 and preaching Service at I a. m. Rev. Lehigh will preach Sunday morning, taking for his subject, Blessed Service" Music will be furnished by the chorus of the church, under the leadership of Mr. v. s. Blackmau.
 Baptist Young Peoples union meets Bt 7:30 D. m. for the weekly devotional hour The subject for the meeting ls What Does Loyalty to Our Church and Country Call Fora" Miss Gladys Feekings will lead the meeting
 At S:30 D. m, the church will join ihe other churches in the union ser vices 10 be held at the '. M. c. A. stadium. Rev W. $. Buchanan, of the Central Christian church will preach the sermon at that service.
 At z o'clock on Wednesday evening the Heralds and the Crusaders will hold a. meeting in the church.
 Mid week prayer meeting is held at o'clock on Wednesday evening. Everyone is most cordially invited to be present at the meetings on Sun day and at the mid week prayer meet ing on Wednesday evening. A warm welcome will be given to all who come to worship with us.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
PRESBYTERIAN
Presbyterian Church

Corner Third avenue and Adams street, Rev. J. L. Marquis, minister.
 Sunday school at 9:S0 a. m.. with classes for all. Morning worship at Il o'clock at which time the sacrament of Baptism and of the Lords Supper will be administered. The session will meet between Sunday school and church, at 10:4O a. m., fo rthe purpose of receiving members into the church.
 The Christian Endeavor Society meets at 7:00 D. m., subject, What Does Loyalty to Our Church and Coun- try Call For?" Matt. 22:15-22, led by the pastor.
 There will be no evening service n the church, but the congregation will unite with the other churches of the city in a union service on the Y. M. c. A. stadium at half past eight o'clock
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
SCHRISTlAN SCIENCE

First Church of Christ, Scientist
 Arizona. School of Music, North Gen. tral avenue. Sunday service at Il a. m. and ?. m.
 Subject of the Lesson Sermon: Christian Science.
 Sunday school at 9:45. The Wednes- day evening testimonial and experi- ence meeting is at o'clock. The Read ing Rooms maintained by this church are located in the Noll building on First avenue, entrance room 219, and are open daily, except Sunday, from II a. m. to , p. m. and on Tuesday and Friday evenings from ' to 9. At these rooms welcome is extended to the public, and the Bible and author ized Christian Science literature may here be read or purchased if desired.
 All are cordially invited to attend church services.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
M METHODIST
Central Methodist

Corner Central avenue and Monroe street. Rev. J. A. Wailes, pastor. Sunday school at 9:45 a. m.; preaching at Il a. m by Rev. D. Scarborough, presiding elder of the Arizona district; the Epworth league will meet at P. m; there will be no evening rreach- ing till the second Sunday in Septcm- Der, as the union services begin with this Sunday at the '. NJ. c. A. sta- dium and continue till September. Tie congregation will unite in these ser vices. The Il o'clock preaching, the Sunday school and the Epworth league will continue as usual; only the even ing preaching will be omitted. All are cordially invited
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
M METHODIST
Cartwright Methodist Church

Rev. G. W. Pastoe, pastor. This will be the initial service for the new SUD- erintendent, MT. Jeff Anderson, who was duly elected last Sunday at the third quarterly conference. MT. An derson is a Cartwright soldier boy, who is glad to respond to the call to the di- vine service as we'll as to his coun- try's. A bright future is in store for him and also the Sunday school under his supervision. Preaching will fol- low the Sunday school. Sermon by the pastor. subject, Human Response to Divine Love-" Evening service will consist of song service and sermon by Rev. Forman. Subject, An Open Door,
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
LUTHERAN
Zion Lutheran Church

Located on Ninth avenue between Adams street and Woodland avenue. Immanuel P. Frey, pastor, 361 North Third avenue.
 Bible class and Sunday school at 10 a. m., Earl c. Malchow, superinten- dent.
 Morning service at II o'clock. Sub- ject of sermon, "The Parable of the Great Supper" No evening service.
 All are welcome. Take West Wash ington street car to Ninth avenue and walk two blocks north.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
LUTHERAN
Grace English Lutheran

Corner Sixth and Fillmore streets Rev. John K. Reed, pastor Bible school at 9:45 a. m.; MT. c. F. Johnson, superintendent. Morning worship at Il o'clock: subject of sermon, "Ex- cuses That Will Not Stand the Test Union service at the '. M. c. A. sta- dium in the evening. Midweek meet ing on Wednesday at S:15 p. m. All persons are cordially invited to attend these services.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
XNEWSr rfRaEE fRaEv CHURCHES

Things of Today" and every member should hear him.
 Sunday school at 10:15. L. W. Cog gins, superintendent invites all to the study of the Bible, classes suited to all ages. Young Peoples services at o'clock and the congregation will then join with other congregations on the Y. M. C. A. stadium. The public invited 10 to both services. Building at 20 South Second avenue.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
BLUE TRIANGLE NOTES
N-Z4lll-l7
  IkNzIsE!Y V
This Weeks Y. w. C. A. Program

Girl Reserves corps from Adams and Monroe schools will picnic at River side Tuesday, meting at the city hall at Il o'clock.
 The Hi-Y club will meet at the home of Mrs. W. c. Ellis Tuesday " ening at 7:30. Miss Winslow will read selections from "Laddie" a gneral social time following.
 
 Business girls will have supper and a swim at Riverside Thursday even ing. Supper is served at 7:30 and every girl who wishes to join with the business girls at this time is asked to register at the Y. w c. A office not later than Wednesday noon.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
BAPTIST
lmmanuel Baptist

Corner of Adams and Fourteenth streets. Evangelistic service, Sunday evening at 8 o'clock. Speaker. R. Me Murdo. Sunday school at 9:45 a. m Prayer meeting. Wednesday, s D. m.
 Phoenix is not a sociological prob lem, but a city; and it's citizens are not psychological problems, but human he- ings. Let us make this Gods city in Gods way and stop doing things mans way.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
MISSIONARY
Missionary Church

Corner Fillmore and Tenth streets. Sunday school 9:45 a. m. D. Delles, superintendent; classes for all. Come. Morning worship Il o'clock. Subject God Hath Spoken" Young Peoples meeting 7:s0 D. m.. leader, Mrs. Tasso Coe. Topic, India
 As this is missionary night all the young people areurged to be present. Evening service S:30 o'clock. Subject Morning and Evening" A cordial in- vitation is extended to all
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29

It makes no difference what your wants may be, you can have them sup piled by using and reading The Repub- lican Classified Pages-Arizona's lead ng advertising medium.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
Colored M. E. Church

Seventh and Jefferson streets. A. c. Caldwell. pastor.
 Sunday school 10 a. m. Morning serbive II a. m. Epworth League ' D. m. Evening service 8 D. m. James Henderson, superintendent Mrs. Mat thew White musical director.
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
.tAAfE NINE

and beautiful chapel add to the beauty of the grounds and the joy of confer ence guests. White sand dunes, bent and twisted cypress trees and tall pines make a background for the sea and the whole makes up an out-ef- doors whose charm no one can resist, Every afternoon is given to sports and outdoor activities, some of tn special events being the 17-mile drive and trips to CarmeI-by theses and Point Lobos. as
 Phoenix delegates this year will sbe Mrs. D. H. Burtis and Miss Anna Mil Ter, representing the board; Miss Ray Young. Miss Nell Morton and Miss Mary Fiezman from the Business Girls club. Miss Mary Lee and Miss Edna H. Porter will also attend the confer ence. It is possible that other dele gates may be added to the list before time for the conference.
 The conference is open to any mem Der of the association and anyone in terested is invited to join the Phoenix group. Particulars may be secured from the Y. w. c. A. office
Arizona republican., 1919-06-29
Calvary Church

Pastor Rock having returned from the Northern Baptist convention, all members of Calvary are urged to at tend moning services at Il. The pas tors subject will be Thinking on