The sun., 1919-07-16

| IT regret to have TO say" replied Mr..
| williams, that she has indeed forced
| treaties upon Corea and China but, so
| far as 1 know, she has afterward lived
up to them. In the case OF Corea she
| finally took IL as an fsct OF war. II we
had been peace commissioners confront
| ing the facts. we would have had to
Yield, or to leave. We could not have
expected to have everything our own
way.
"A great war has just ended. in which
| 100000 men gave their lives. Ger
many has been beaten. Would II be
wished that the delegates meeting at
Paris to liquidate II. should quarrel and
| reproduce the experience Of the warning
victors and allies after the Balkan war :?
Woodrow Wilson did the best he could.
Suppose we cut out this Shantung pro-
vision, here In the Senate. what then?
VIII we put our soldiers back on ship
board and send them across the Pacific
to restore Shantung to China? Japan
said she would leave the Peace Con-
gress unless she was confirmed in her
claims In Shantung. / don't like the
settlement-nor some others that were
made But what would you do about It I?
Unless she absolutely keeps her faith
the most dangerous acts possible for hei
the most dangerous acts possible for her,
or for any nation to do. She Is provid-
ing China with railroads, with Transport
tation; she is training the Chinese as
soldiers. II she break her faith she may
arouse sleeping giant and then. forty
or fifty years hence. discover that she
has raised UP n power that will kick her
out into the Pacific Ocean.
Has Faith in Japan.
NO; believe Japan will keep faith.
But. IL did not, wouldn't say so. The
| Senate doesn't want to insult japan,
We are too careless OF the significance
| that will be attached elsewhere to off,
cial utterances and resolutions here"
When Mr.. Williams ended Senator
Borah thanked him for making a com-
pletely frank and honest statement of
the reasons why Shantung was given to
| Japan.
"1t may as we'll be accepted without
circumlocution." he said, Japan refused
to be party to the treaty unless she
should have Shantung."
And Britain and France supported
her In it," added Mr.. williams
Yes, and each holds a part of China
and wants more" retorted Mr.. Borah,
'Shantung Is a small item In the prog
ress of dismemberment of China. Japan
held out for Shantung. and England and
France supported her. Woodrow Wilson
| COulu OuIy IL ne nOpeQ get the
treaty and the league covenant signed.
II don't blame him II he believed
that the signing of the treaty was of
greater Importance than the dismember-
ment of China, but the question is
whether the United States shall be a
party to II. Either Caesar or nothing.
All the nations were bound by treaties
binding them to protect the integrity
of China. We, Britain. France-all of
them that united in initiating the dis
memberment of China. had agreements
TO protect China.
No Legal Right to shantung.
After the treaty OF 1915 between
Japan and China, the United States asked
Japan II she Intended to keep the Chi
lese territory in Shantung. Japan re-
'lied' that she did not Germany got
'er rights by force or fraud. We want
10 eliminate Germany. We had no pos
s'ble right to take what Germany had
held. and the truth Is, as Senator WILL
ans said. that 1t was necessary to in
luce Japan to sign the treaty. Japan
has no possible legal right to Shantung.
Japan entered the war in order to get
Germany's possessions In China; for
that alone. She got them and after
that did little more in the struggle.
Japan now controls absolutely the
future and destiny of China she con.
trolls the three gateways to the great EN-.
pire. She holds the Manchurian railroad
the Shantung route and the entrance by
way of the Island of Formosa. 1t Is the
ACKNOWLEDGMENT of China. 1t Is not only
the loss of Shantung Province. but the
breaking up Of the empire.
'If the time has come when the United
states must engage in enslaving peoples
, must take part in the ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF
the Chinese Empire. when II must violate
= our forty-eight treaties with China BY
which we are bound to protect her Ter.
; ritorial integrity-if the time is com.
when we must do these things or face
= the challenge OF another Power, then W,
will face that challenge.
I'VE have crawled and cringed Ions
enough before Japan I don't believe
: that We confront the danger Of wal
with Jap"n: but the American people
will never submit to be a party to op
pressing another people they will refuse
to break up the Chinese Empire. il
, rouble with Japan is the alternative we
1 might as we'll have It now as later"
Problem of withdrawal.
i In the conclusion of his remarks Mr.
q Borah raised the question OF how, under
= the league covenant, the United State:
VIII De dDie 10 Withdraw. ne Wdnts
I to know IL Mr.. Williams agreed with
( Senator Swanson. who In his speech yes
q terday took the ground that by giving
r two years notice we could withdraw a.
r any time. II all obligations under the
E league we're fulfilled Would the coun
ell OF the assembly OF the league have
: any power to compel us to remain In It.
3 Mr.. Williams thought that II the Other
nations believed the United States haC
not fulfilled its obligations under the GOV
Z enant. they could protest II then the
\ United States insisted. 1t could remain
I physically absent, though It's obligation!
a would continue. But he was very SURE
/ the league would never try to coerc'
I the United States.
z well, I'm not SO sure" replied Mr.
4 Borah. Since former President Taft re
, Gently, on this point. referred to the ex
8 perience of the Southern States in thei
I efforts to withdraw from the Union
' Mr.. Williams insisted that there wa
a difference as wide as the world be
tween the cases of League OF Nations
s and the States which were members o
a the same nation.
/. NEWTON UPHELD ON