davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
STARVATION IN ALL
BOLSHEv|K RUSSIA
Population Dying by Thousands
Cats for Food Readily Bring
$500 Each in PetrOgrad and
Moscow
FAMINE AND TYPHOID
No Fuel for Neutrality-suspicious. Live
In pitch Darkness After Nightfall-
Russian Question Not Political. Hut
Rather One Of Common Humanity

London. March c. british wireless
ervice.)-Starvation prevails through
Bolshevk Russia and Is killing Off the
population by thousands. Diseases due
to under nourishment are rampant and
food Is 80 scarce in Petrograd and Mos
COW that cats sell readily for 81 each.
The undertakers cannot cope with condi-
lions as there Is not enough wood for
collins.
These reports have been brought to the
attention Of the British government with
in the last week by British subjects re-
Gently returned from Russia. Several
of the Britshers have lived nearly ell
their lives in Russia and left Russia
because Of the intolerable conditions.
Their evidence Is unanimous that the
food situation is indescrlbably terrible
and that II means are not found to
alleviate It the inhabitants Of Bolshevk
Russia may starve to death. The Brit
ishers say that the plight of Russia Is
a direct result of the reign of anarchy
and terror instituted by Lenine and
Trotsky.
They declare that the Russian prob
lem has ceased to be political question
and has become a question of common
humanity
Thousands are dying daily in the great
centres of population like Petrograd. Mos
COW, Kiev and odessa In Petrograd alone
the Gsaths from famine three weeks ago
numbered 200 daily. Typhoid or hun
ger typhus" Is carrying Off young and old
everywhere and in Moscow CHAMBERS is
epidemic. There is no fuel for lighting
and millions live in pitch darkness after
nightfall. The troubles Of the Russians
! cd txv In, Nf nj
and wood which can be obtained only by
the very rich or by the favorites and para
sites of the Bolshevik government.
! The famous Kremlin in Moscow ac-
cording to reports, is now used as hoard
ing place for wood, fuel and lighting ma
terials for the Bolshevik government The
Bolshevik food distributing system has
fallen down and works only to the adj
vantage of the government and its sup
porters.
Meat. milk and vegetables command
enormous prices when they can be OBJ
tanned. Horse meat sells for the nor
NAL equivalent of $40 pound and dog
flesh can be had at from $3.50 to $3.50
a pound. There is a great lack Of med
icine and doctors. The Bolshevik
paper money has no value in the coun-
try districts and the peasants refuse tc
exchange it for food The only coun.
| try produce which reaches the towns
is that requisitioned by armed red
guards.
In Petrograd three weeks ago milk
was selling for $500 a pint, pork $50
pound, butter $45 pound, tea s12i
a pound and potatoes s3.75 q pound
For the ordinary equivalent of $1.7t
at the public kitchens in Petrograd 9
meal Of very weak soup. piece OF
salt Ash and piece Of dried fruit
could be purchased.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
1915 LEGISLATURE is
PERMANENTLY ORGANIZED
Sixty Members Hold ReuniOn-Scnator
Cndy of NOrthaeld Elected President

Montpelier March Ca permanent or
ganzation of he Legislature of 1915 was
effected this evening at the second
biennial meeting Of this body held In
Representatives. hall. Senator II. c. Cady
of Mortified was elected president with
Representative w. B. Lance of Cabot
as secretary and treasurer. There were
about 60 members present. Speaker John
e. Weeks of Middlebury presided at the
session Of the House members which was
held at eight o'clock. The Senate then
arrived and joint session was held.
with former ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Hale
*. Darling presiding. The chief item Of
of Peru, who declared that one of the
reasons why he was not elected to the
Legislature of 1917 was because he had
broken leg at the time of the election,
whereupon the presiding officer remarked
that 'of course "A man with broken leg
could not run as well as a man with
both legs in good condition"
A banquet was held at the Pavilion
Hotel. Mr.. Darling acted as POSTMASTER.
Among the speakers were: Harvey
Goodell, secretary of civil and military
affairs, who spoke for the Governor. the
chief executive not being able to be
present, Senator Max Powell, Senator o.
L. Martin, Senator II. w. Simonds the
Rev. A. w. Hewitt. DR.. w. b. Mayo of
Nortbfeld and John Il. Weeks of Middle
bury.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
VERMONT ASSOCIATION OF
FIRE INSURANCE AGENTS

Waterbury. March 9.-The annual meet
ing Of the Vermont Association OF Local
Fire Insurance Agents was held at the
Waterbury Inn March g. The afternoon
meeting was opened with c. c. Graves
president, in the chair. The following
officers and committees were elected:
President, s. S. Watson of st. Adams;
first vice-presdent. George NJ. Clay Of
Brattleboro; second vice president, H. M.
Mcfarland of Hyde Park; secretary.
Z. L. Walker of Bellows Falls; treas
urer, E. S. Leonard of Bellows Falls;
executive committee, L. d. Taylor, for
three years, time expires 1921, A. b.
Noyes Of ST. Johnsbury chairman. C. n.
Powers of Bennington. C. H. Pape Of
Barre and n. n. Atwood of st. Adams;
grievance committee, G. F. Davis Of
Windsor, r. w. Shane Of Newport and
Mrs. H. H. West of White River juno
ton; legislative committee, c. f. Root
Of Newport, F. H. Burnham of Rutland
and H. H. Hickok of Burlington; press
committee, Mrs. A. NJ. English Of Mont
pelier and c. C. Graves Of Waterbury.
The delegates of the national associa-
ton meeting at Cincinnati, L. S Watson
of St. Adams and H. H.. Hickok Of Bur-
lington, territorial vice pres ident of New
England States of the national associa-
ton, made a report OF the proceedings Of
that meeting.
The speakers of the afternoon were the
Hon. Joseph G.. Brown. insurance COM
missioner, and F. NJ. Bell. stamp clerk,
Mrs. E. f. Campbell and Mrs Deschenes.
The banquet was held at $50 with
C. C. Graves as POSTMASTER, speeches
were made by John Jenkings. Montreal
manager Of the Employers Liability In
surance corporation, Ltd, of London,
England. Special Agent a. j. Murphey.
Special Agent Joseph Cough, G. T. Davis
of Windsor and S. S. Watson of St.
Adams. Music for the occasion was fur
nished by Waterbury's orchestra of seven
pieces.
One of the most enjoyable parts OF
the meeting was the retiring address Of
the president c. C. Graves, who in his
vein of wit instructed the new officers
in some things he had learned. The
Waterbury Inn furnished fine banquet
and after the speeches a social time was
enjoyed in the parlors until midnight
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
BRANCH BILL PASSED
Strnightens out Mistake in Pay for st.
Albans' Aldermen

ST. Adams, March 6-The passage of
the so-called Branch bill with amend
ments by the Vermont Senate to-day is
considered a victory for the bill which
was introduced in the House recently by
City Representative NJ. II. Alexander at
the request of John Branch of this city.
The original bill provided that the
salary of $3.50 which has been paid the
mayor and aldermen for six years should
be discontinued. At the city meeting
a resolution was passed asking that the
bill be killed outright, requesting that
no amendments be made. An error in
the bill as passed in 1912 made the salary
of the aldermen the same as that of the
mayor instead of 500. as was intended.
When the resolution of the city meeting
was read in the Senate last night, Sena-
tor Schoff of this city denounced tho
resolution and the bill was to lie and be
placed at the end of the calendar of
Friday.
The matter was again brought up in the
Senate to-day and under an agreement
with Mr.. Branch. who was present, the
bill was amended to the terms originally
Intended. That is. that the mayor draw
a salary of $50 and the aldermen 500
year. and 1t was passed
AS the bill already has passed the
House it now lacks only the Governors
signature to make it law.
For six years the aldermen of the city
have been drawing $50 a year each, or a
total Of $500 year more than It was in
tended they should.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
10000 u. S. SOLDIERS
MANNED IN WAR
Will Have to Be Instructed In Work
Suitable to Their Condition

Washington. March 9-Present csti-
mates of military authorities put the
number of Americans disabled in the
war at 10000 OF this number, it is esti-
mated, 5000 will be able to return to
their old occupations, leaving 10000 who
need retraining for work suited to their
manned condition.
The federal board of vocational edu-
cation appealing to the country for aid
In the campaign to make disabled sol
diers independent by making them self
supporting, announced that so far 1900
men injured in fighting the battles of
democracy had registered for retrainihg
The applications of 1900 have been APP
proved. and some actually have started
courses in re-education.
The experience of France and England
that only % per cent. of the men needing
retraining take advantage of the facilities
offered, seems certain to be surpassed in
this country. the federal board believes
'in view Of the greater generosity of this
government" At least 1900 disa bled mer
are expected to enroll for vocational
| courses
Tuition. books. and living expenses are
provided for all disabled men taking
courses, which may range from sis
months shop training to a four years
college course. In no case does the allow
ance fall below SOS n month.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
OEBS MUST SERVE
HIS TEN YEARS
Conviction Under Espionage Act
Sustained by Supreme Court
in Unanimous Opinions

Washington March 10-ConViet,ons
under tho espionage act OF Eugene W
Debs, socialist leader and jacob IRON
werk, newspaper editor oil Kansas
city, were Sustained to-day by the
Supreme Court in unanimous opinions oc-
livered by Justice Holmes. Both men
were sentenced by the lower courts W
ten years imprisonment.
While not passing directly upon inc
constitutionality OF the act. tho court IN
effect did declare valid tho so-called en-
listment section and reaffirmed It's opin-
ion that the espionage law Is not an IN
terferencc with the constitutional right
of free speech.
Debs was convicted on three counts,
but the court passed directly on only
one Of these, that charging him with
obstruction recruiting and enlistment
through statements made In speech
at Canton, Ohio, last June. The other
two counts charged him with attempt
ing to incite INSTRUMENTATION and dis
loyalty and also with uttering language
intended to provoke and encourage re-
slstance to the United States govern
ment In arguing the case before the
Supreme Court. however, the government
did not press the last charge.
Frohwerk's conviction resulted from
articles written by him and published
in the Missouri tSaats Zeitung,
critcising the United States participa-
ton in the war.
Some attorneys interpreted the fail
ure of the court to give a direct opin-
ion as to the constitutionality Of the
espionage act as indicating its inten-
ton to pass upon the merits of each
individual case considered by it. The
court to-day granted petitions asking
it to review the case of II. E. Kirchner
convicted under the espionage act be-
cause Of statements made in a recent
speech at Elizabeth, West Virginia,
in which he declared that the gov
eminent in the prosecution of the war
was corrupt and was controlled by
the moneyed interests He was sem
fenced to two years Imprisonment.
A number of other espionage cases are
now before the court, while about "a
cases involving charges similar to those
against Debs are pending on appellate
courts over the country.
In affirming Debs' conviction. Justice
Holmes reviewed the case in detail and
held in effect that Debs had been guilty
Of wilful attempt to obstruct recruiting
and that the jury had been properly in
structed by the lower court. He also said
that the government had presented a
strong argument from the history of the
statutes that the instruction was correct
and in accordance with established
legislative usage, and added that in the
light of this fact it was unnecessary tc
discuss the question in detail
Regarding the Frohwerk case. Justice
| Holmes declared that the first amend
ment to the constitution while prohibiting
legislation against free speech as such
was obviously not intended to give i'm
munity for every possible use of language
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
VERMONT PRESS
ASSN. MEETING
Decides to Erect Memorial Tablet
to Horace Greeley--Greene
and Policy Speak

Montpelier, March Tho nnnuni meet
ing of the Vermont Press association was
held in Montpelier to-day. 1t waa pre-
sided over by w. G. Belknap OF Bellows
Falls, president of the association, and
the afternoon session took place in the
Pavilion Hotel parlors with q good num-
Der Of the newspaper men of the State
attending.
The following subjects we're discussed
during the afternoon: Relation Between
the Newspaper Men and the state Govern
ment," w. H. Jeffrey: News. Merit and
Common Sense" G.. r.. Crane, Middle
bury; victorious Fifth" II. C. White
hill, waterbury; Fundamentals" w. G.
Gipin, Barton; Some Former Vermont
Newspaper Men," w. II. Crockett, Bur-
llngton. Shop talk occurred during the
latter part of the afternoon.
The following officers were elected:
President, w. c. Bellnap, Bellows Falls {;
secretary-treasurer c. p. Crane. Middle
bury vice-presidents. w. H. Wheeler,
Charles Walter, st. Johnsbury, NJ. C.
Reynolds, Burlington. C. c. Lord. Island
Pond. Donald Tobin. Swanton. l.. p.
Thayer. Morrisville, Sara Parker. Brad
ford. w. H. Gilpin, Barton, C. T. Fair
| field. Rutland, F. E. Langley. Barre. II.
c. Rice. Brattleboro, F. f. Johnson,
Springfield. w. D. Policy Of st. Johns
bury and Roy johnson of Randolph were
elected to membership. The treasurer 8
report showed q balance on hand Of S157.
A committee Of five was appointed for a
memorial tablet in honor Of Horace
Greeley to be erected at the place in
which Greeley commenced his newspaper
education, at East Poultney. This COM
mittee consist of H. l.. Hindley of Rut-
land. w. II. Crockett of Burlington. H. C..
Whitehll of Waterbury. Luther Johnson
of Randolph and +. e. Howe Of Benning-
ton.
This evening, the annual banquet was
held when the principal speaker was
Congressman Greene. who talked for an
hour and three-quarters. beginning in his
| chara cteristlc manner He dealt largely
with the League Of Nations, and sup
ported 1t to the extent Of saying that the
covenant into which the nations entered
should not go so far as to nullify the
principles for which our ancestors fought
at Lexington and Concord.
William Dudley Policy, the author-edi-
tor Of the Caledonian gave an interesting
| talk on the Siberian situation, as found
in his recent trip to the East.
Governor Clement, who was the first
speaker, talked on the power Of the press
in national and State politics. Lieut.
Governor Mason S. Stone considered that
| the power Of the press would be felt more
in the reconstruction period of the future.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
CAPT. E. w. GIBSON GIVES
REPORT OF THE 57th

Montpelier, March Capt. f. w. Glib
son, who was the first of the week dis
charged from the army. was at the
adjutant-general's office to-day in con-
nection with reports relative to the 18th
Pioneer regiment, of which Capt. Gibson
was commanding officer, when, what was
left of the organization. was sent back
to this country.
Capt Gibson was personnel adjutant and
being the ranking captain in the regi-
ment was its commander when the
superior officers were transferred, after
their arrival in France, to another or
ganization, being used. well sew
eral other pioneer regiments, as replace
ment troops. The outfit was within 30
miles of the front, Capt. Gibson had to
travel over a good share Of France. Sc
curing the data relative to the mon who
were transferred out of the regiment.
Lieut.-Col. Hyland was at Brest when
Capt. Gibson left for this country.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
100000 YANKEES
FOUGHT GERMANY
MARGINS Statement of u. s.
Troops Actually in Operation
Battle Losses 24O,197

Washington, March 9.--General March
announced Saturday that the number of
American troops taking part In action
against the enemy was 100000, out OF
the total of slightly more than 1000, 00C
which this country sent to France.
announcement was also made by Cen
eral March that under no circumstances
would the army BIO reduced to IL lower
figure than 509,909 men. This Ia the
number set In the army reorganization
Dill which the general staff of the army
laid before the last session of Congress
but which was lost In the shuttle in the
closing day of the session.
Revised figures made public by the
CHIEF OF staff to-day showed that the
total battle oasualties--that Is. mer
Killed In action. wounded, missing In nc.
ton, and prisoners-for the American
Expcditlonary Forces was MO,197.
The End division suffered the greatest
number OF battle casualties, 24,429. The
goth or New England division ranked
tenth In losses sustained, the number
$685.
General March said:
THE number of troops which hat
sailed from France UP to and including
March 3, had risen to 4ls,b55. and there
mad landed In the United States up Il
March 7, of those 864.sA in order tc
increase the number Of men available
for rehabilitation in the United States.
have cut down the thirty-three camp!
which had been selected for demobiliza
ton centers to twenty-three. We car
run the rehabilitation process on fewel
camps. Thirteen of the original thirty
three camps have been ordered discon
tinued. and in their places three of them
Fort Bliss, Fort Oglethorpe. and For
d. A. Russell, which are permanent arm,
posts, have been designated as demobiliza
ton points for their centers.
1.-THE hospital records of the American
Expeditionary Forces show that on No
vmeber II there were in the hospitals
both from disease and injuries, 1894
men. Our last return on February 2
shows that the number has been reduced
to 1881"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
ELEVEN ALLIES NOW
OWE u. S. MONEY
They Have borrowed Ss,S42,OOO.OOO-
Still Have $I,15s.OOO.OOO on Credit

Washington. March Culture credits
to allies now are limited to SIZES. 900, 600.
the unused portion of the $4,000 OO0,0 O0
appropriation. according TO report is
sued by the treasury. Until peace is
declared, this balance can be loaned to
allies for any war purpose, but there
after for year and half crdeits may
be extended only to enable allies to pur-
chase American property in Europe, or
elsewhere, and to finance allied purchases
Of wheat the price of which has been
guaranteed by the United States govern
ment.
The war departments lquidating COM
mission, now in Europe is expected to
report soon the approximate value Of
railroad materials, army equipment, and
other property which the United States
will have for sale in Europe. This re-
port will shed some light on the volume
of postwar credits which may be ex-
pected of this government. France and
Belgium will be the biggest borrowers
for these purposes since they are ex-
pected to acquire most of the railroad
rolling stock, warehouses, and other
| property offered for sale by the United
! States.
Since Congress failed to approve the
| treasury's recommendations that it be
| permitted to use the uneXpended portion
of authorized credits as postwar loans
to allies to finance export from this
country. this function will be limited to
the war finance corporation. which has
an appropriation of billion dollars avail
| able for advances to exporters.
Eleven allies now are debtors of the
| United States. Credits have been estab-
| lished amounting to 1854, 657, 900 but
IlO 900 of this sum. although sub
| 1ect to draft. has not yet been paid out
of the treasury. Great Britain borrowed
nearly as much as all other allies com
bined.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
JAY CENTER CEMETERY
ASSOCIATION FORMED

Montpelier March 9.--Articles of as
ISOLATION of the jay Center Cemetery
a association, Inc, have been filed in the
Office of the secretary of State. This
association is formed for the purpose
of acquiring real estate for burial pur-
poses, either in or adjoining the town
burial ground in the town Of Jay, and
for the care, Identification. improve
ment and enlargement Of such grounds
The -incorporators are r. e. Wakeman,
II w, Griggs. Fl. w, Miller and others
from the town of North Troy.
George c. Cary and Arthur A. Bee
man of the George c. Cary company of
ST. Johnsbury have filed with the SEQ
rHt:ry OF State an affidavit of proposed
ls~ue of capital stock for $4,000, di-
vided into 500 shares Of 500 each
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
MOST SHELL SHOCK
CASES HAVE RECOVERED
American Army Also Hns the Lowest
Insanity Rate

New York, March 6.-Ninety per cent.
of all shell shock cases in the American
army in France have completely recov
cred. according to Col. Thomas Salmon
of New York, chief medical officer in
charge of such soldiers. who returned
o-day on the Leviathan.
There was less insanity in the Ameri-
can army than in any Of the other allied
armies" said Colonel Salmon. only
one per cent Of the shell shock cases
had to be returned to the United States
for treatment. OF the remaining so per
cent. 65 per cent. recovered in field hos
pitfalls, 80 per cent. in evacuation hos
pitfalls and four per cent. In special
hospitals for the treatment OF nervous
diseases"
Colonel Salmon attributed the recov-
cries in the American army to the high
standard of physical examination required
for all soldiers going abroad.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
WEST RUTLAND BOY CITED
Sergt. Edward Carter Gains the Dis
tinugished Service Medal for Con-
spicuOus Bravery in Action

Washington, March 6.--Sergt. Edward
Carter OF West Rutland has been awarded
the distinguished service medal for
conspicuous bravery in action. The cita-
ton follows
"Sergt. Edward Carter, Company l.
Goth Infantry. CA. S. No. 17096sO For ex-
traordinary heroism in action near Grand
Ere, France. October IA. 1913 When his
company was halted by machine gun fire.
which threatened to wipe out the entire
company. Sergeant Carter led a patrol
and charged the nest. and was success
full, not only in cleaning out the strong
hold but in enabling his company to
command a more favorable position.
Home address. Joseph Carter. father.
West Rutland, VT"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-03-13
VICTORY POSTAGE STAMPS
WILL BE ON SALE SOON

Washington, March 5.-Victory postage
stamps, new three-cent Issue to COM
memorate the successful conclusion of
the war. will be on sale soon throughout
the country. In announcing the issue
to-day the postoffice department said the
supply would not be sufficiently large to
replace the regular three-cent stamps
and postmasters would sell Victory stamps
only on request,
Tho new stamp bears the figure OF
Liberty VICTORIOUS. helmeted. and with q
sword In ono hand and scales In the
other The whole design appears upon
shaded panel, with American. British,
French Belgian and Italian hags draped
for the background.