davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald., 1919-12-10

may continue part time o,peF eFation,
and, thus prevent an exodus of skill
ed workers who were said to be
planning to take employment, In
"rnore favored" states. ~
Reports in railroad circles here
that an agreement had been reached
whereby the Michigan mines will re-
sumo operatiohS tomorrow could not
be confirmed early today
Governor Sleeper announced that
he would renew his efforts to effect a
separate agreement in event THE In
dianapolis conference failed of re-
suits. ,. ,.N.
Grand Forks herald., 1919-12-10

North Dakota: Increasing
/, cloudiness and not so@cold to-
night, nossibly, snow invest pOr-
ton; Thursday unsettled and not
SO cold. - 80 49, t.s,s: ~
Grand Forks herald., 1919-12-10
Settlement of Strike
In; Bitut1inO4S Fields
Effective I11ln1ediQtelu

Four Hundred thousand Miners Will Return To Work In
The Soft Coal Fields, According To The Agreement;
General Committee OF The United Mine Workers OF
America Agrees To Accept Presidents Plan; Secre-
tary Green Of The Union Phones The Message To
. Washington.
Grand Forks herald., 1919-12-10
WEATHER FORECAST.

Minnesota; Fair tonight and
probably Thursday; slowly ris-
ing temperature. ....'..-.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Japan's New Enterprise
misunderstanding ''Trusts''
Nippon Government, Fearing Invasion by Foreign
Producers, Is Creating Giant MonopoIies
Measure of Protection for Home Industries

Togo Ice Company which is in itself
the consolidation of all the smaller ice
companies in Nagasaki, Hakata. kwsn-
mon, Wakamatsu, Sasebo, Gifu and
other places near about.
The great Suzuki interests are re
ported to be on their way to bring
forth the Japanese edition of the
Standard Oil.
Among brewers, the two large com
panies, the Nippon Beer Company and
the Imperial Beer Company, are carry
ing on a longwinded negotiation Of
coming together, it is reported
But the most urgent talk OF comnina-
tion is among the iron works of the
empire. The war created al astonish
nag Rumber of steel and iron works IL
japan. These ara suffering severely
To-day through the sudden end Of the
val They, like the chemical eems
nsnies, think the enls effective means
al salvation fer them is through a
large combine, which MAY weFk eat q
plan Of campaign enabling them 10
cope successfully against the fefee ea
competition.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

tent and with greater sympathy
than is being shown at the present
time
Labor must be extremely careful
not to attempt to prohteer. Work
ers are entitled to better than
living wage, but they are not en-
titled to wage which forces the
price of commodities beyond the
average power of purchase.
The return of public utilities to
the rightful owners is perhaps the
greatest problem of economic
finance before this country to-day.
During the period of government
control woful lack of efficiency has
been shown, and although the war
has practically been ended for six
months the efficacy of public utilities
has shown little or no Improvement
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
British Banks Combine
Several Large Institutions Are
Amalgamascd

English banks are joining hands
TO go after business in foreign fields
Several anna carnations have already
taken place and the latest is the org
anization Of the British Overseas
Banking, formed by the Anglo South
American Bank; Glynn, Mills. Currie
& Co.; the Northern Banking Co {of
Ireland); Union Bank, of Scotland. and
Williams Deacon's Bank. The capital.
which will be issued as soon as Treas
ury consent has been obtained, will
consist of el.000.00o (s4,s66, 500 in
ordinary shares common stock. and
81 100000 in preferred shares Ii is
understood that the whole OF the ordi-
nary share capital will be subscribed
by the banks interested in the organi-
zation of the new undertaking, The
preference shares. which carry particle
patory rights, will be offered to the
general public. The announcement Of
the formation of this new Overseas
Bank has created good deal of in
terest IN London financial circles. II
is rumored that other important banks
will seek to participate in the new
venture.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
By Adachi kinnosuke

NHk Japanese government has gone
into new business of manufact-
urlng trusts and combinations among
her industrial companies 1t is not in
restraint OF trade. however; it is for
the expansion of her industrial ac-
tivities. The central idea is to defend
the productive industries OF Japan
against invasion by large foreign COM
bnations
The government already has taken
definite steps to persuade the Sakai
Celluloid Company and the Nippon
Artificial Silk Company and many
other celluloid companies in the coun-
try TO combine to bring about the fol-
loving results: Creation OF larger capi-
tai funds through combination, CD the
reduction Of overhead charges, "a ia
regulate price al products, t4l better
Facility fep the eNteAtlen or markets.
Il Is encouraging the combination al
all the smal manufacturing companies
OF eamRhei pfedae's. .isbah is By faF
The greatest producer Of eamnhef IN
the Wefid. and IA all The manufacturers
which call for eamphof she feels che "a
thoroughly capable Of maintaining the
world supremacy. Hence the emphasis
being laid upon this branch OF industry.
The fever Tor big combinations
among private interests independent OF
government encouragement also Is de-
cidedly high. Some chemical enter
prises which had Mushroom pros
perity through the war period are try
ing to continue their existence in the
after war period of competition with
the imported goods; and they find in
the idea of combination their almost
only haven from the storm. Small
companies engaged in the production
of acetic acid and acetic lime, which
are scattered all over the province of
Wakayama. are actively negotiating for
the formation Of a big combination
with the leading timber intcrests of the
country.
The Full Paper Manufacturing Com
pany IS tr.lng to combine with the
Hokkaido Kogyo Company The Nip
pom Ice Company seems to be bent on
forming an ice trust. It already has
decided to take over the Nitaka Ice
Manufacturing Company, and now it is
reported to be negotiating with the
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

The people are not rabid in their
fault-finding with the government
and nearly every one realized the
necessity Of the government taking
over these public utilities w hen they
did. It was an essential then; to-
day it is farce The government
control has passed the point of use
fulness and thus becomes detri-
ment.
Former managers. the best that
can be obtained, must be taken into
confidence by the government and
methods devised for the return at
the earliest possible moment of all
corporate interests taken over.
Crop conditions in all sections of
the country will play a great part in
merchandising, as they always have.
From all reports the wheat crop will
unquestionably exceed that of any
itSNiNAS Ntai Ill tiilS NOuitiA. ut
outlook for corn is excellent. To-
bacco is bringing prices far beyond
the expectations of the grower.
Other small and large grains are
selling to-day at high prices, and
there seems 10 he little ar no de
mand that they should be reduced to
any great extent,
Cotton is steady and high in price,
with probability af considerable in
crease when the crop is made, hut
IN the entire southern sehtien the
acreage must he maintained and in
creased Ia epder TO give the grewer
the rfeFiI which should he his. Cen
disIehs 10 the southern section have
been eNeellenti they should be bet.
ter and they will be II the proper
acreage Ia planted ard the crop har-
vested as early as practicable
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
The Peak Of
War-Time Buying

In 1916 merchandising in the
United States responded to the de-
sire of big business, not because it
was trying to forestall possibility,
but from actual needs. The con-
sumer had, through continuous buy
ing, depleted stocks, and on a rising
market the retailers were compelled
to replenish, which they did with
such freedom that, the purchases
during the early fall of that year
reached point which never has
been equalled before or since in the
country's record of merchandising.
In spite of these large purchases in
debtedness materially decreased and
payments showed slight increase.
During the year 1917, while they
did not reach the extreme height of
1916. purchases made a splendid
showing and held high throughout
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Merchants Hesisated.
Hut Consumers Dldn't

When the merchants found that
buying by the consumer did not de-
crease to any gfeps extent, theE
were forced 90 peplenish their
stocks. While this has been done IN
a careful, methodiea manner, 1t has
nevertheless sweled the purchase
activity steadily for the past three
months, and with this increase of
purchase activity payments have
also increased, while Indebtedness
did not show an advance until the
present month. The advance shown
during this month has not brought
the Indebtedness as high as shown
n the years 1916, 1917 and 1918.
Many factors which may assist or
retard merchandising must be con-
sidered during the next few months,
some of which are as follows:
Advance purchases.
Careful selections of merchan-
disc.
Proper facilities of transporta-
ton.
Steadying the labor situation.
Removing the Public Utilities
from government control
Crop conditions.
Contracts for future merchandise
deliveries should be carefully
planned at this time and every re-
taller should begin to schedule his
current purchases for future deliv-
cry on a basis not less than his
needs during 1917. Every mcr-
chant desiring to satisfy the wants
Of his customers must have the
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

the greatest extent in building their
BUSINESS to point far beyond their
most sanguine expectations.
Future buying must be along the
line of assortment on specialties;
the buying of staples freely will
cause more or less trade in special
ties, and if the speciality is exhibited
to the consumer when buying
staples this speciality viii not doubt
add much profit to the seller.
In selling, however, the retailer
must remember that the consumer
is getting more wisdom each year.
and 1t will not pay to attempt prof
lteering, as was shown in many
lines during the last year. The
consumer to-day will demand the
dollar value for the dollar spent,
and the retailer who charges legiti-
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Se3enee AppHed
10 Gu Costs

lahadisA manufactures are ieoklne
TO imptove scientific methods 10 reduce
their production costs ahd enhance the
value II their output. The Advisorv
Council Of Industrial and Scientific Re
search, a Federal government oreaniza-
ton. has done much TO Impress the
advantages Of a closer relationship be-
tween science and industry. Largely
as the result of its efforts a trade
guld-the first to be formed in Can
ada-has been organized by the Mari
time Province Gamers Association to
test the assertion that the value of
the Canadian fisheries. which is about
s35 900 900 annually under normal con-
ditons, could be greatly increased and
probably doubled by proper organiza-
ton, reduction Of waste and the adop-
ton of more scientific handling.
But while these factors will all count
toward rapid recovery Of industrial
activity aftcr the necessary economic
read justmen.s have been made, the can
collation. of war orders and lack of
immediate peace orders 20 take their
place have seriously affected many in
dustres. The steel plants, other than
those few anufacturing shipbu!lding
/ materials or railroad equipment, arc
finding the present situation trying.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Financial Bureau
Special Correspondence

MONTREAL, April 26.-In bidding for
AA European business Canada is at
decided disadvantage by reason of the
shipping situation, as is shown by the
fact that large stocks of lumber are
still in pile in the Maritime Provinces,
having been purchased for the British
government during the first two years
Of the war. Shortage of cargo carriers
has prevented its being moved.
As the shipping situation is gradu-
ally relieved, however, Canada's posi-
sion, especially in regard to the bulk
ier materials needed in Europe, should
steadily be improved 1t is appreciated
lhat Canadian producers must face
Keen competition in European markets
irem United States manufacturers, hut
90 tai 90 tRe iiEitlsR market ID con-
ssFasa commercial inteFests Ia Canada
hAvs nat abandoned heee that q iaF't
fFtEsfehee, 81 ~ least pFleFi'Y IA the
'ssaaA9s " import ileehaes, Viii he
sNsh Ia commodities produced within
'ss empire Representation looking 10
sssh preferential treatment haSe been
renewed by the Canadian Mahufaetut.
sfs' Association.
Moreover, Canada may have some ad
vantage over its competitors by reason
Of she fact thu. the Dominion govern
ment has announced its Willingness to
lend it's credit in the financing of over
seas orders. One of the leading Cana
a'an bankers Is authority for the state
ment that Canada can finance without
e'meuity all the reconstruction orders
which can be obtained, while Sir
iaornas White, Minister Of Finance,
ass said: "We can finance the bust
ness; our Victory loans have shown us
how
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

merchandise to meet such demands,
and this cannot be done by quick or
immediate delivery orders after the
demand is made. The manufacturer
must have some incentive for the
purchase Of raw material and the
manufacture of stock sufficient to
supply the demands of trade.
In making these advance pur-
ohases selection of merchandise
should be made with the utmost care
that is, according to the trend
of trade during the last three years.
In nearly every line of trade the de-
mand for the last three years has
been assortment rather than stand
ard articles, and those merchants
who have placed the best assortment
before the public have been the
merchants who have succeeded to
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Fee Ifs in
The Situation

Looking steadily into the situa-
tion there are so few "ifs" in the
situation that we must see tina.
prosperity in nearly every line is
with US and can be maintained very
easily through conservative action
and an optimistic spirit.
The stock market is steady and
rising, bonds show a steady in
crease, merchandising is in splendid
shape, demands from European
countries for raw material as well
as manufactures is increasing con-
stantly, and during the next five
years the greatest prosperity should
be enjoyed, with few, if any, reac-
tionary periods.
During the past three years GER
tain sections have shown a tendency
to increase their merchandising ac-
tivities before others. At present
these sections are again showing an
activity in advance of the general
average of the country, and every
thing statistical points toward bet
ter business throughout the entire
country.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Mexican railways " ould
BORROW I. :. Equipment
National system To Make F"r'
mol Application ~ railroad
administration
Z i'foHriGi fitirrr
S pre- a. Cores por1cr =

MONTERREY Mexico. Apri' 26.-I. is
conceded oy members Of the different
American trade excursions Who haze
Visited Mexico recently that The great
ose drawhGck 20 building up trade with
this country at this time IS the short
age Of rai'road equipment. 1t IS found
that even 1hc handling Of local traffic
is difficult and that the transportation
OF large shipments Of imports IS prac-
ticallv out of tte question.
Although the shortage OF rolling
stock is being met to a small degree by
repairing old cars and locomotives. the.
need for thousands of freight cars and
engines is urgent. This supply viii
have to come rom The United states.
The National Railways q heNieo VIII
make formal application 10 The United
states Railroad Administration for he
loan Of sevcra Thousand cars and Gee
motives for the special movement Of
international tra.i.c. This equipmen. ! =
to be taken over On d rcntal basis, Il
the application is granted Every pos
sible effort will be made to prevent the
rolling stock from falling into the
hands Of bandits and revolutionists, it
is stated.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Canadians Expect Big Trade
With Other British Colonies
Manufacturers i'm Domin ion Believe That Tariff
Preference Will Give Them Great Advantage:
Bankers Able to Fina nee Overseas Commerce

facturers OF the United States-cus-
toners of great promise. During the
last four years, when Canadian export
trade was almost entirely on a war
basis, these customers had to be neg
lected, but they offer tariff prefer
enccs to Canadian products which
should be of advantage in reestablish-
hoping to increase its trade with South
America and the Orient.
The immediate future OF export bust
ness is still, of course, obscure, hut
an analysis OF Inquiries TO the Depart
ment of Trade and Commerce indi-
Gates the character OF the great i'm
mediate requirements, a part OF which
Canada may have an opportunity to
supply. The most numerous inquiries
have been fer food products ef all
kinds. Next IN frequency are inquiries
fer lumber and It's products aud u
weuld appear that numbering and the
lsduslFles allied with 1t viii he among
the nfst 10 he stimulated by peace de
Wanda.
so Taf as stee Is concerned, seme
heisian efdefa have already beeh of.
feted, but The Canadian capacity Ia
limited ana the mills aee fullt en-
gagged on ofders for the Canadian Ma
tionsl Railways and the privately
owned roads Then, too, manufacturers
of agricultural implements are look
ing for rapidly opening foreign mar
kct for their products. Even before
the war the larger CaVadian farm
implement companies found that for
c9n business was more profitable than
sales in the domestic market end they
are now prepared TO extend their in
arrests abroad.
During the war the price Of pig iron
and steel placed Canadian manufacture
ers Of farm machinery under severe
permitted to buy iron or steel in the
/ United States and were obliged TO pur-
chase from Canadian producers, whose
+ prices often were higher than the Pitts
+ DhFRu pHSc pIIS'p QshS iItlRHt, plus Inc
Canadian duty. This condition Of af-
fairs was due TO the var situation. how
/ ever, and has now been corrected. The
pulp and paper industry, which Is prob
ably the best organized and most ef-
fcient Of Canadian producing interests,
| has been exporting approximately 85
per cent of it, production, and foreign
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

operations Of building and manu-
facture can be expected.
Reasonable requests of all labor
organizations should be granted.
Unreasonable requests must be de-
MED, and the government must
take action to see that no disturb
ance materializes in any part of the
country because of unjust demands
by any labor organizations or
trades.
Labor organizations should incor-
porate into body or bodies. which
will give them standing in the
communities in which they are To-
Gated, just as any business organi-
zaton, and when they do this capt.
tai and business men generally, as
we'll as clerks, will back their rea-
sonable demands to a greater eX-
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

The jolloacing article acas prepared
by the Credit Clearing House, an in-
stitution engaged an supplying credit
snforntation and reports on business
conditions to many thousands Of
merchants IN all parts Of the United
States. 1t receiUes monthly n,ors
than 100000 reports of business
transactions NTH retailers. 1t is in
teresting to note that its uoluninolts
statistics sho'r, among ether things,
that the quantity Of merchandlse
purchased by retailer merchants IN
this country since October 81 is
about the same Gs the quantity peu'-
chased IN tho CORES ponding period
of l915-l9l6, q record period.-Fi-
nanciol Editor.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
Announcing the Arrival of Nationwide Prosperity

the year, while payments increased
steadily, and showed much higher
average than had been known up to
that time. Because of the high ac-
tivity in payments, indebtedness
showed material decrease during
the year, although the actual pur-
chases of the year were greater for
this twelve months than for the pre-
ceding period.
During 1918 purchase activity
showed a steady increase until a
month prior to the signing of the
armistice, and, in spite of this high
plane of purchasing, Indebtedness
remained below that of previous
years because the payments from
January to August maintained a
higher activity than any correspond
ing period of former years.
From the month prior to the time
of the signing of the armistice until
the latter part of January this yeai
the expectancy of the retailer for q
great drop in the prices of mer-
chandise steadily decreased pur-
chase activity, but as payments re-
manned slightly hetter than the aver
age payments of all years except
l0l7 and l9l8, merchandising in
dehtedness of the country steadily
declined until a low record was
reached in March of this year,
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27

mate profit will be the retailer who
will steadily increase MS business.
The question of transportation is
serious. Under the present condi-
tions there is constant complaint.
Service is little if any better than
during the war period, and while
our people are long suffering they
Will not be satisfied with less eff
Cheney than that Of pre-war times.
Transportation must improve, and
this improvement must be not alone
for delivery of merchandise, but in
the department of passenger ser
vice
The unsteady situation of labor,
which has shown the greatest in
crease in price of any commodity
in the United States, must be over
come before general confidence in
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
h rnd nhbt
from h pras

markets appear to be on the waiting
list for all of its output which may bs
available for expectation.
The Canadian banks arc we'll pre-
pared to meet all demands upon them
for ordinary credits in financing an in
creased foreign trade. The Bank of
Montreal and the Royal Bank of Can
ada have recently opened branches in
Paris, while these and other Cana
dian financial institutions have been
strengthening existing connections and
making new connections in all foreign
countries, including the United States
There has also been a notable increase
during the last two months in the num-
ber of domestic branches.
10 an even greater extent than in the
United States manufacturing establish
ments have been on war footing in
Canada. During the last three years
fully 20 per cent of all the products OF
Canadian factories have been munitions
and other war commodities for export
VNSisees. He uislocAtlOn OF industry
has been exceedingly severe and read
Justment is spondingly difficult
especially as United States producers
have strengthened greatly their grip on
the Canadian market, while the share
OF the home market which Canadian
manufacturers still retain IS being
threatened by the agitation of The agr-
cultural interests, esneeaiv at West
eh Canada, for tariff reduction and
raelrlae'ly with the united States
New-York tribune., 1919-04-27
1 Am NelU York
And This Is Ny Greed
from such purchases

people come. They make their way to
me from the North and South from
the East and from the West
From the East, across the ocean,
where the Statue in my harbor lights
their spirits with fresh hone
From the West. and South, and
North, from every farm and village
where clean-hearted, clear-eyed boys
and girls have turned thir facs toward
me as the home of opportunity.
These are my people.
Who dares doiame them?
What man. however high or low,
shall call chem hard or heartless