The sun., 1919-07-02
Protection for Minorities
and Jews Provided for in
Extended Detail.
DOCUMENT MADE PUBLIC
Old Conventions Ratified and
League of Nations Is Made
Final Arbiter.

ING NrONti SSoNNhNAs 49,
treaty which has since been signed by
Poland with the Entente Powers and
the United States. Premier Clemen-
ceau, as President of the Peace Con-
ference, addressed a letter to Premier
Paderewski setting forth the reasons
why the provisions of the document
were considered necessary.
Under the treaty Poland agreed to
protect minorities against discrimina-
ton, to assume payment of such a
share of the Russian debt as should
be assigned to her by the Inter-Allied
Commission, and to support impor-
tant international postal, railway. tele-
graphic and other conventions Incl
dental to the establishment OF ma
tional standing.
Reasons Given for Treaty.
In his letter for transmittal. which
was dated June "a and made public to-
day. Premier Clemenceau said:
On behalf OF the Supreme Council OF
the principal allied and associated Pow
ers l have the honor OF communicating
to you herewith in its final form the
text of the treaty. which I'm accordance
with Article XVIII. OF the treaty OF
peace with Germany Poland will be
asked TO sign on the occasion OF the
confirmation OF her recognition as an
independent State and OF the transfer
ence to .ller OF the territories included in
the former German Empire which are
consigned to her by the said treaty. The
principal provisions were communicated
to the Polish delegation In Paris in May
last. and were subsequently communi-
Gated direct to the Polish Government
through the French Minister at warsaw.
The council since has had the advantage
of the suggestion which you were good
enough to convey In the memorandum OF
June 16. and as the result of a study OF
the suggestions notifications have been
introduced in the text OF the treaty. The
council believes it will be found that by
the modification the principal points to
which attention was drawn in your
memorandum have. in so far as they
relate TO the specific provisions of the
treaty, been adequately covered.
'1n formally communicating to you
the final decision OF the principal allied
and associated Powers in this matter
should desire to take this opportunity OF
explaining In more formal manner
than has hitherto been employed the
conditions by which the principal allied
and associated Powers have been guideo
in dealing With the question.
i. III me HTSt plACo WOuIu poknL Oul
that this treaty does not constitute any
fresh departure. 1t has for long beef
the established procedure OF the public
law of Europe that when a State l,
created. or even when large accession'
of territory are made to an established
state the Joint and formal recognition oil
the great Powers should be accompanied
by the requirements that such state
should In theyform Of a binding interna.
ff0nal convention undertake ~ MI
with certain principles OF government
This principle. for which there ar,
numerous other presidents, received tn.
most explicit sanction when at the las
great assembly OF European Powers
the congress at Berin-the sovereignty
and independence of Serbia, Montenegro
and Rumania were recognized. 1t Is de-
occasion by the British. French. Italian
and German plenipotentiaries, as re
corded in the protocol of June 20, 1875
Cites Berlin Precedent.
Premier Clemenceau here quoted frcn
Lord Salisbury. William Henry Wad
dington, French plenipotentiary at tn,
Berlin congress; Prince Bismarck
Count dc Launay, italian plenipotentlary
and Count Andrassy OF Austria Hungary
who made declarations on the occasion
in question emphasizing the necesst,
OF establishing the principles of religious
liberty. Premier Clemenceau then re
stunned:
'2. The principal allied and associated
Powers are of the opinion that the,
would be false to the responsibility which
rests upon them II on this occasion the.
departed from what has become al
established tradition. In this connection
I must also recall to your consideration
the fact that It is through the endeavor
and sacrifices OF the Powers in who's
names ] am addressing you that tn
Polish nation owes the recovery OF II
independence. 1t is by their decision
that Polish sovereignty is being reestab
lished over the territories In question
and that the Inhabitants of these terri
tories are being incorporated in tn
Polish nation. II is on the support whic
the resources OF these Powers will affor
to the League OF Nations that the futur
Poland will to a large extent depend 70
the secure possession OF these territorie:
There rests therefore, upon these Pow
srs an obligation which they canno
eyade to secure in the most permanent
and solemn form guarantees for certai
essential rights which will afford to tn
inhabitants the necessary protection
whatever changes may take place in I'll
internal constitution Of the Polish stat,
at Is in accordance with this obl'ga
treaty OF peace with Germany. Til
clause relates only to Poland, but
similar clause applies the pame priI
cipies to Czecho-Slovakia, and oths
clauses have been inserted in the treat
Of peace with Austria and will be II
serted in those with Hungary and Bu
garia, under which similar Obligation
will be undertaken by other State
which under those treaties receive larg
accesAions Of territory
THE consideration of these fac
would be sufficient TO show that by II
requirement addressed to Poland at Il
time when II received in the most solen1
manner the joint recognition OF the I,
establishment OF its sovereignty and II
dependence, and when large access !or
OF territory are being assigned to
no doubt is thrown upon the sincerit
Of the desire of the Polish GovernmeI
and the Polish nation to maintain Il
general principles of Justice and libert
ANY such doubt would be far from Il
Intention of the principal allied and a
ISOLATED Powers.
Changes in Conventions Form.
'-Three-It is indeed true that the ne
treaty differs in form from earlier co
ventions dealing with similar matter
The change OF form Is a necessary co
sequence and an essential part Of q
new system Of international relation
which is now being bAilt up by q
establishment of the League of Nation
1890 a. oIdar avatann tho sy,,a ra .