davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
YANK TROOPS LAND AT DANZIG
U. S. and British Marines Occupy Bal
tic Port-Powerful Fleet
Going There.

Paris. May 29.-British and Ameri-
can marines have been landed az the
Baltic port Of Danzig. according to a
dispatch received here from Warsaw
A powerful fleet. it is added. will be
anchored of the harbor there.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
elherlan Guards Menaced.

vladiyostok, June IA large force
Of bolsheviki is modifying at Jazanka'
IN the important Suchan mining dis-
trict. and, according TO reports re-
ceived here, is preparing to attack the
allies mine guards.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
rorty.six sIackers Sent to Jail.

Corpus Christi, Tex, May 30.-Two
native Americans and "A men of Mex
lean birth, but citizens of the United
States by naturalization, pleaded
guilty to violating the selective serv-
ice act and were given sentences.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Picks War College Head.

Washington, June 3. - General
March announced that Maj Gen.
James w. McAndrews, General Per-
shing's chief of staff, had been assign
ed to head the new general staff coll
lege. to absorb the army war college.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Ask Dry Law Referendum.

Omaha. Neb., May 30.-Petitions for
q referendum On the ratification Of the
prohibition amendment TO the national
Constitution will be circulated Ia
Omaha and surrounding territory by
the Omaha Central Labor union.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
10 lest Missouri Dry Law.

ST. Louis, june 3.-The Tenth Ward
Improvement association, which Is cir
culnting petitions for a referendum on
the national prohibition amendment,
also win conduct referendum on the
bone dry law recently passed.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
u 8 Airmen Decorated.

London May 30-The crew OF the
American airpIane NC-4, which made
the first transatlantic aerial passage
landing at Lisbon from the Azores mas
been decorated with the grand cross
~ ,ba order az the Tower and Sword.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05

movement Office burly sergeant ac-
rompanied by woman bearing habe
In arms, three other notwithstanding
women and another elderly woman. An
ola gentleman also belonged to the
party
They were respectively the wife.
baby, sistersin.law, mothcr.ln-law and
fatherinlaw Of the sergeant He
wanted them TO return to Amerlcn
with him.
You win" said the desk officer
you must have been the greatest sol.
dier Of them all."
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Winnipeg Militia Ready

Winnipeg, Mnn., June - Canadian
militia officers who reported to head
quarters were instructed % be IN
readiness at any time for call for
emergency service. They were not
detained ut headquarters.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Greeks Land al Asia minor

Paris, June o. Greek forces wore
landed Thursday IT Aylali,. Oh tho
coast 0f Asia Minor. SO miles north.
west Of smyrna The Turkish troops
there offered only slight opposition
which was overcome.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
anaullnhtn RepeaI HeId Up.

Washington. May 30.-Refusal Of the
house rules committee TO act lminedi.
ately III request that privileged
status be given the proposed repeai OF
the daylight saving law delayed con
gIderntlon N the proposal In the house
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
New Threat to the U. S.

FL Pnso. Tex, June IF the adj
mlnistraton at Washington lets Car.
rama troops pass through the United
States 10 Juarez neither ] nor any
body else will be able to hold my men,
said General villa
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Three Drown In River.

Minneapolis, Mimi, June 3-Three
boys, Melvin Dale Herbert Dorsey and
Leonard Peterson. were drowned In
the Mississippi when an old rowboat
capsized. Carl Nelson saved his life
by swimming ashore
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
MEXICO Bars U. S. Planes.

Washington, June 3.-The Carranza
government has refused to permit
American oil companies to transport
their pay rolls from Tampico to the
fields by airplane. The request was
made because Of bandit attacks.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
plant Early Potatoes.

Plant your early Irish potatoes as
soon as soil conditions will permit
The Irish Cobbler and Early Bliss are
two good varieties.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Want Blockade Germany.

Paris, June 3.-Norway has refused
to join in blockade of Germany
should the Germans refuse TO sign the
treaty.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Bank Rohhers Get s55 600.

Forest River, \. H., June 1.-THE
First State bank Of this city was
burrlnrIzed aud 5000 in cash and
$4,000 IN coupon Liberty bonds were
g0len.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Make Elnht on Pests.

Why not make a regular and con-
sjstent fight on rats, mice and insectsl
They destroy untold values every
year in this country.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
sorohums Better Than Corn.

Where the rainfall is short, sor-
ghums make better growth than
corn.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
pamane by Garden SLUG.

The common garden slug does con-
siderable damage to commercial bean
crops.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05

New Workers that without It's far.
famed signs Broadway would be "the
poorest lighted Of an the clty's main
thorUughfares
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Benefit Of Bookkeeping.

one benefit Of farm bookkeeping II
chat 1t often pre2enta repaying bills
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1919-06-05
Keep Farm Records.

Keep records Of all farm transac
LonA
The labor world., 1919-11-15
SQUARE DEAL IS
myth; POOR Are:
DENIED JUSTICE
Administration Of American JUS
tIce Not Impartial, Declares
Carnegie Report.

NEW YORK, Nov. 13.-The admin
istration ~of American justice is not
impartial; the rich and poor do not
stand on an equality before the law;
the traditional method of providing
justice has operated to close the doors
to the poor, and has caused a gross
denial Of justice in all parts Of the
country to millions of persons.
The above is included in a report on
Justice and the Poor" written by
Reginald Heber Smith, Boston attor-
ney. and made public by the Carnegie
Foundation.
The report is based on a three
years. investigation by the author,
who declares that the denial Of JUS
tice to the poor is national in scope
and is caused by delays which handi-
cap the poorer litigant, court costs
and fees charged by the state, which
too often prohibit access to the courts
and the expense of lawyers service.
The report confines itself to civil
cases and other cases that are gen.
orally handled by legal aid societies.
''The evil Is not one of class in the
S0AAo0 SAAeAI ~ 6AVCS LAc pOOT VVSr "
the mercies Of only the rich The
line of cleavage is between the hon.
est and dishonest. Everywhere it
abets the unscrupulous, the crafty and
the vicious In their plans to exploit
their less intelligent and less fortu-
nate fellow
T From the cradle to the grave the
poor man is the prey of a host Of
petty ,swindlers, who find it easy
enough through such devices as fraud
'ulent assignments, trustee processes
or garnishment of wages for fictitious
debts to rob and despoil. There ex-
lists today businesses established, con-
ducted and tlourfshinE on the. principle
that as against the poor the law can
be violated with impunity because re-
dress is beyond their reach"
! "'The effects Of this denial Of JUS
tice are far-reaching. Nothing rankles
more in the human heart than the
feeling OF injustice. 1t produces a
sense of helplessness, then bitterness.
It Is brooded over. It leads directly
to contempt for law. disloyalty to the
government and plants the seeds Of
anarchy. The conviction grows that
law is not justice and challenges the
belief that justice is best secured when
administered according to the law.
THE majority Of our judges and
lawyers view, the situation with in
difference. They fail to see behind
this denial Of justice the suffering
and tragedy it causes.
The labor world., 1919-11-15
EMPL0YERS:FA|L
= .>>*:'1'o.UNDE
Wages, Hours, Conditions Not
All; What Is Wanted Is
Freedom.

CLEVELAND, Nov. 13.-'The fail.
ure Of employers to understand what
labor wants. what labor is after, 1s
what creates labor problem" said
Meyer Bloomfield of Boston In 'ad-
dressing members Of the Cleveland
Engineering society.
If you agree to that definition,
then. we come to the great obstacle
in solving the labor problem, which
is the getting Of facts the truth Of
the situation.
What labor requires usually sug-
gests what we in our judgment re-
gard as the minimum. 1t has the sin
Of theorizing. It Is a false start. 1t
is subjective. while want is objective,
yelled across the fence by labor
through megaphone.
'The fundamental wants are not
easily defined. One certainly Is that
first, labor wants different status
in industry. 1t absolutely opposes the
idea that when 1t sells labor it Is sell
ing a commodity. It opposes the idea
that wage bargain is the same as a
price bargain: It cannot see that it
sells only its time and labor power, but
everything it has while in labor re-
lation with you.'' -.
The labor world., 1919-11-15

the census phrase persons in gain
full occupations" and thus make up
their fiction.
sis of the census statistics the Ameri-
can trade unionists have the better of
the argume ent. They can certainly
claim for industry so per cent organ
lied as minimum. They can claim
more without venturing into vague
probabilities. They can admit that
the census figures are not fresh, but,
none others except rough estimates
are to be had. They can also admit
that in the first of the groups above
mentioned are some wage workers
possibly organizable. They can fur
ther admit that in the A. F. Of L. are
comprised more than 100000 Cana
dians. But these notifications made,
the percentages here claimed for
union labor are not seriously affected.
1t is to be kept in mind, too. that in
the A. F. Of L. statistics there are in.
cluded neither the Independent unions
nor the I. w. w: - -.
Undertaking the numerical strength
of the American trade union move
ment is frequently ACCOMPANIED by an,
overrating Of the British movement.
A member of an American employers.
commission was recently quoted In; the
London Times as saying: while your
workers are IS per cent organized in.
unions, the trade unions Of the United
States have only about 10 per cent so
organized" and the impression that
the proportion given to Britain In q
fact seems to prevail generally. y
The labor world., 1919-11-15
UNION OFFICERS OBEY COURTS
MANDATE,A AND CALL STRIKE OFF
Yield Obedience TO Law as Interpreted By Court and President
Wilson; VIII Not Be Put In Altitude Of Rebellion Against Gov
ernnlent; Operators Hit; VIII Deal With Miners.

AS was predcd n The Labor World last week the coal strike
was OF short Duration The officials of workers.
submitted to the mandate the ordered
to work Tuesday, Whipped and sourgd like of DID,
ahed back their like the black escaped
from their task masters only it judge of United
court, appointed for hfe who does the lashing.
OF the mised public appaudng the order Judge
while mighty few will for the time thought the
possible of such unusual order of court which
involves the great question human rights By sweeping
OF judicial auocrat the thirteenth amendment the constitution
OF the United States has been brogatd and American citizens
kept in Involuntary servtude without having committed
Government Went the Limit
The went the limit to revive the Lever To all
nents and purposes far domestic affairs concerned
the The President and the have bent backward
to make the Fuel Control law apply the miners strike If
to be uday interpreted that the contract made during the
still continue apply the then why the operators
released from it's application the time Dr. Garfield closed his desk
and returned his hoe AS acting President Lewis of the miners
sad eff the opinion of the President the it's app
cation wartime prohibition why is it still its application
made with the by the mine workers continue
during Of the and later than April 1920
If administration cocsure that the Lever still
applied why the miners not arrested and brought to trial in
justice violation of its provsons Why the equity
sought? Injunction according the plea of the apologss
The labor world., 1919-11-15

or 81 per cent.
In no country are workers of the
first group (2390O,000) organized to
any extent in trade unions.
In the second group. (14,1oO, ,0oo)
besides wage workers there are en-
ployers big and little, the higher SAL
aried employees, young persons learn
ing trades, unskilled, unassimilated
foreigners, craftsmen in small indus
tries or in non-industrial communities
and numerous persons self-employed.
Only estimates can be formed for the
numbers Of these classifications, which
neither have interests apart fDom
those OF the wage workers or in all
countries are unorganizable.
In this group of 14,oo0,000 are there
100000 or 100000 employers and
high salaried employees? Are there a.
10000 or 100000 youths of the an.
prentice age? Are there 1000, 900 *or
100000 adults in. it's other catego-
ries, when put to statisticians, bring
no positive figures as they involve
the uncertainties Of guess work. II
there Is an average Of 100000 in
each Of these three classifications '(to-
tai 6,000,000) the number or organ
liable men and women in industry in
this country Is 100000 (14,oo0, 900
minus the 6,0ob,00o). The American
Federation Of Labor and the railroad
brotherhoods now count up $500, 900.
This would give IS per cent Of the to-
tai 100000 organizable organized.
!: But II the three classifications have
1000, 900 instead Of 5000, 900, the per-
,centage of the organized becomes 90
The labor world., 1919-11-15
FUNDS
To AELP:M0QNEY'
Officers Of Washington State
Federation Make Serious
Charges.

SEATTLE, Wash, Nov. 1S.-Not q
dollar of the money collected in Seat
tie for the Mooney defense commit
tee" ever reached that disbursing
agency, according to William Short,
president of the State Federation Of
Labor, who declares that the $4,000
thus collected has been squandered
for private purposes. He says false
pretense was used in collecting funds
for Mooney after the activities were
officially ordered closed. He is cor
roborated in this by I. w. Buck, Sec
retary, who was elected at the Belling-
ham convention by the radicals.
The statement, which is signed by
Messrs. Short and Buck, decries the
fragrant "commercialism Of MONEYS
misfortune by few men," and says
their action should arouse the dis
trust and contempt of every real
unionist in the state"
Although all Mooney defense COM
mittees were discharged on October
IS by the Central Labor Council and
their activities closed, former men,
bers,' the statement reads. "are OBJ
tanning money from local unions and
members Of organized labor under
false pretenses.''
The labor world., 1919-11-15

(4,500,0o0 out Of 7,0oo,oo0); and If
100000, the percentage is Is, i(4,-
100000 out Of 6.OOO.00Ql.

(4,5o0,oo0 out Of 1000, ,ooo); and If
100000, the percentage is Is, t(4,-
100000 out Of 6,000,O00). >
But, come to the practical question.
In any particular industrial contest
bet>. cen buyers and sellers of labor
power the proportion of the organized
to the unorganized in all the extent of
America has little bearing. The out
come Of any such struggle depends
upon the number Of the unorganized
and unemployed Who are qualified to
work at the occupations affected and
reachable within practicable hiring
area and willing to undermine union
conditions. It is to be kept In mind
that in every community masses Of the
unorganized are union sympathizers,
showing themselves within: the sphere
of union influence whenever there is
g. strike. Statistics fail to enumerate
these potential unionists.
The wage conflict being most active
in industrial centers, the workers in
them are in. general thoroughly or
ganized. The more highly skilled
trades in many American communities
have an effectiveness in unionized Ia
bor Of 100 per cent.
Yet employers spokesmen go on re-
peating that "the trade unions rep
resent 10 per cent Cor Is per cent? of
American labor" that only "one-
eighth Cor one-tenth) Of the workers"
are in trade unions in the United
States. Here are the official fig
ures," they say: "rhirty-eish million
workers; less than four million union
ists.'' They substitute workers for
The labor world., 1919-11-15
BY j. w. SULLIVAN.

When Elbert H. Gary, speaking Oct.
"a at meeting Of the American Iron
and Stel Institute, asserted that
from 80 to 90 per cent or more of
labor in this country is non-union,"
he intended the assertion to be of use
chiefly among his class Of anti-union
plutocratic employers and their re-
tainers, to mislead the masses of un-
organized, un-Americanized foreign
labor, ignorant as to the strength of
trade un1onism in the United States,
This is one of the stock trade
"thumpers'' so often repeated by the
imitators of hartman Gary that it is
being echoed in part Of the public
press which should know better. Its
untruth comes to light .on a moments
examination.
) The latest census report, give the
number of persons in ''gainful occu-
pations" to be 100000 males and
100000 females, or a total Of 3s,-
100000. This total was classified into
agriculture with 12,650,000: domestic
and general service. 3,770, 900: profess
sfonal service, 1.700,000: clerical serv-
ice, 100000; trade, $500, 900, max
ing total Of 23.90o,000 or 63 per cent
Of the persons engaged at gainful oc-
cupations. OF the above very few if
any, may be classed among the or
ganizable population.
The number of people engaged in
extracting minerals is given at 9e5,-
900; at manufacturing and mechant.
cal work, 10,658,000 and In transports
alton 2,637,000, total Of IA, 100, 900,
The labor world., 1919-11-15

II Might Follow Course Pursued
By RAILROADS and. Other
Utilities.

LACKAWANNA, II. T., Nov. 13.-
In answer to the claim of Buffalo
newspaper that '1abor should be re-
strained" the Daily Journal of this
city says:
. 1--WE wish it could. This is how 1t
would result: Labor, lwhen it wanted
a raise in pay, would |raise it, pending
a hearing hsfore;*tHe' labor service
commission, and III the meantime la
Dor would print IN rf ink on its pay
checks:'
: IF the commtssis4 decided against
MS we VIII rebate tn pver payment
:.* ''Then if the r commission decided
against them they would carry the
case to the supreme court-and hang
it up there for seven years.
docs not the gas company, the tele-
phone company, etc., do that?
Then why not restrain labor the
same way?"
The labor world., 1919-11-15
SYSTEMATIC Effort MADE TO
D|SCRED|T PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
Managers Commit S;: =. essed Of eo'e1nmen Con:
troll; Property Wanton|y Destroyed, ': khbhc Irated;
Shippers Forced to Sustain Great Losses.

AS injurious has been the effect of the sabotage committed
against railroads during the period Of
infinitely than has nsidious
conducted with the obvious Of preudcn public opinion
against extended federal control adoption of democracy in
the control Of this important industry.
When the forced take the transportation
the nation from peril following the
failure of the lines function under the there
definite fear the part the that their property
would returned them for further exploitation Then and
there evolved comprehensive plan for undermining
confidence the government and that has measuraby
people realize the
caamos consequences will surely follow reverson to the
old order.
Wanton Destruction Burdens Nation
The destruction Of property has imposed the nation
staggering the It the confident
opinion toerab familiar with the railroad tua
on investigation by honestly undertaken and fear
lessy prosecuted that the deficit which has been
during past would have been suppanted by
surplus been maintained relation between cost Of
operation of efficient service.
Without any inquire the motives Of lawmakers it
may suggest that perhaps apprehension of revealing
Intellectual effort to have
congress inquiry charges of maasance made by Glenn
E. the committee interstate and foreign
The labor world., 1919-11-15
MRS. GARY DECLINES TO ......
ACCEPT MEMBERSHIP

NEW YORK, Nov. 13.-According
to local newspaper Mrs. Gary has
refused to accept honorary member
ship of the steel strikers auxiliary OF
Gary, Ind. The strikers wives elected
Mrs. Gary, who wired to the Indiana
city: Il beg to be excused" =
you know" she told the reporter,
"how the judge (Mr. Gary) feels
about this matter. He doesnfft COM
bat them, but he doesn't recognize
them, feel the same way" She also
said that she did not understand why
the wives Of strikers had addressed
her. and If they thought her opinion
might be different from her husband g
they had no reason for it. -
The labor world., 1919-11-15
LABOR DEMANDS
!. U S. HOLD ROADS
TWO YEARS MORE
Views Of Railroad Workers Are
Placed Before Congressman
In Conference.

WASHINGTON. Nov. 13.-Labor's
position regarding the railroads was
made clear in conference between
labor officials and members of con-
gress held in the rooms of the COM
mittee on immigration Of the House.
In order that no unwise course
might be pursued in relation to rail-
road ownership. urged that congress
continue government control of the
roads for period Of two years after
the conclusion Of peace.
The IA railroad organizations made
public the purpose of the meeting in
a joint statement in which it said
that 1.-The conference was for the pur-
pose of acquainting the members Of
congress in an authentic way with the
view of American labor concerning
pending railroad legislation, as it af-
fects the rights Of the wage earners."
Continuing, the statement says:
In addition to the members of the
labor group in the House. which is
made up of congressman of all parties
who are members Of recognized labor
organizations, there were present
leading officials Of the American Fed
GRAFTON of Labor. its. affiliated bodies,
and the four great brotherhoods.
During the discussion the spokes-
men of labor outlined the position of
the four million and one-half workers
they represented as follows:
list. That American labor will ex-
ert its influence to the utmost within
the limits of the Constitution to defeat
the vicious anti-strike provisions in
the Cummins bill and other measures
Of similar character ; .'...
''2nd. That in the opinion Of Amer
lean labor the return of the railroads
to private ownership at this time
would be a grave! mistake. Under
plans proposed for the return Of the.
railroads To private operation It would
be followed by increase in freight and
passenger rates of over rs per cent.
Either result would shake the indus
trial fabric of the nation at the time
when a war-sick world is looking for
moral, financial and political leader
ship.
I'D. In order to avoid these calam-
itous consequences, the members of
congress present were urged to intro
duce legislation continuing govern
ment control Of the roads for, two
years from the conclusion Of peace.
This will afford the American people
an opportunity to consider the many
solutions OF the railroad problem
which had been put forward"