The Monticellonian., 1919-07-18
WILSON GIVES PEACE TREATY
 ID SENATORS
Makes Strong Plea for the Adop- tion of the Document With.
 out Changes.
MUST MAINTAIN NEW ORDER
All conferees, the President Says. Were Agreed That League Of Free Nations Was an Absolute Ne
 cessity for Worlds Peace,

Washington, July 1O.-PreSident Wilson in presenting the peace treaty and the League of Nations to the sen ate today in an epochal session eX- plained to the senators and to the American people his reasons for ask ing ratification without change or res ervation. He spoke as follows:
 Gentlemen of the Senate:
 The treaty of peace With Germany was signed at Versailles on the 18th of June avail myself of the earliest opportunity to lay the treaty before you for ratification and to inform you with regard 10 the work of the confer ence by which that treaty was forma- lated
 The treaty constitutes nothing less than world settlement. It would not be possible for me even to summarize of to construe its manifold provisions in an address which must of necessity be something less than treatise. My services and all the information l pos sess will be at your disposal and at the disposal of your committee oil foreign relations at any time, either informally or in session. as you nay prefer: and I hope that you will not hesitate to make use of them.
 1 shall at this time. prior 10 your own study of the document, attempt only general characterization of it's scope and purpose.
 Cognizant of Paris Moves.
 In one sense, no doubt. there is no need that l should report to you what was attempted and done at Paris You have been daily cognizant of what was going on thereof the problems with which the peace conference had to deal and of the difficulty of laying down straight lines of settlement anywhere on field on which the old lines of in- ternaiional relationship. and the new alike. followed so intricate n pattern and were for the most part cut so deep by historical circumstances which dominated action where il would have been best ta ignore or reverse them.
 The cross currents of politics and of interest must have been evident to you. It would be preSuming in me to attempt to explain the questions which arose or the many diverse clements that entered into them. shall attempt something less ambitious than that and more clearly suggested hy my duty to report 10 the congress the part il seemed necessary for my colleagues and me to play as the representatives of the government of the United States
 That part was dictated by the role America has played in the war and by the expectations that had been created in the minds of the peoples with whom We had associated ourselves in that great struggle.
 Reason for Entering War.
 The United States entered the war upon a different footing from every other nation except our associates on this side the sea We entered it, not because our material interests were directly threatened or because any spe- cial treaty obligations to which We were parties had been violated, but eonly because We saw the supremacy. and even the validity, of right every where put in jeopardy and free gov. 'ernment likely to be everywhere i'm periled by the intolerahle aggression of power which respected neither t.I system of government houted the rights of the citizens as against the autoeratie authority of lis governors
 And in the settlements of the peace we have sought no special reparation for ourselves, but only the restoration of right and the assurance of liberty everywhere that the effects of the set tlement were to be felt We entered the war as the disinterestcd champions of right and we interested ourselves in the terms of the peace in no other capacity.
 Allies Hopes at Low Ebb.
 The hopes of the nations allied against the central powers were at Il very low ebb when our soldiers began to pour across the sea, There was ey- anywhere amongst them. except in their Stau,est spirits. somher fore. boding ef disaster The war ended in November eight months ago but You have only to recall what was feared in midsummer last only four short months before the armlstice. to real.