The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-23
FREEDOM COMES ONLY THRU LAW SAYS PROFESSOR Harvard Law Instructor Gives His Views on
 Ratification. REAL LIBERTY BY
 NATIONS LEAGUE International Society Must Make Future Peace
 Guarantees.

ming of each century cataclysmlc world wars have broken out ana threatened the onward march Of civ ilization, in spite of the contrary oe- sires of the great mass of the worlds people. At the beginning of the l1th century 1t was the bloody Iharty YearF War which devastated Europe like a plague; at the beginning or the 18th century 1t was the long struggle between Louis XIV. and the Allied States of Europe; at the be- ginning of the 18th it was the far reaching Napoleonic Wars which swept Europe like a consuming fire. At the conclusion of every one Of these wrecking wars the statesmen of an exh usted Europe, sincerely anxious to guarantee and secure the future peace of the world, concluded ] epoch-rnaking treaties, by which the map of Europe was substantially re- made in the full belief that the for mula had at last been found for permanent and enduring peace. Yet each peace proved as transitory as the one which preceded it; and at the beginning of the goth century we have found ourselves once again plunged, quite against the wishes of the great majority of mankind, into h the snvagery of the Thirty Years War three centuries before.
 Cause and effect are changoiess and terenal; can any one who reads history truly doubt but that if we conclude n peace today, no different in substance or structure from the Peace of Munster of 164S, the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713. or the Treaty of Vienna of 1915. 1t will be only question of time till we are once again engulfed in an even more ter ie world war than that through which we have just passed? If the Treaty of 1919 does no more than to rearrange boundaries and impose indemnities, if 1t allows the continu- ation of the old international law lessness, and fails to organize inter- national society into an ordered com munity of states. there can be no mistaking the fact that all the agony of tho past four years will have been largely in vain; for as surely as night follows day. within a measureable period of time we shall have to face the same agony again.
 International lawlessness may have suited well enough at a time when atates were fin fact self -sufficing and insulated units. But that time has passed Whether we like 1t or no, internationaIism has come in fact. Since the Industrial Revolution some great nations have transformed themselves from agricultural into great industrial communities; the yer, existence of these nations de- per , upon the uninterrupted inter national exchange of their manufac- 1ured goods for raw products and NfP from international intercourse today she would starve inside of a few months Morally and psychologically, no less than economically, nations have ceased to be isolated units. The national Prussian theory of the state, and the Prussian belief that might is force of more practical value tran right, has borne fits international fruttage in the wreclSage of homes all around the world. The Bolshevism of Russia is the vital concern of America on the opposite hemis- phere- Dependency and interplay of nation upon nation constitutes an actual internationct4sm that will not be denied. and if we will have our law accord with the existing facts which have temporarily outdistanced it. we must develop in our law as real as inhernatfonAlism. Otherwise, our international law will be and can be only futile theory. with no power to control actunl conduct: for no law which Is out of accord with existing facts can prove a real factor in hu- man development. If therefore there is to be such a thing in the future as international law, there must Do some lesul organization of international oociety: in some form or other there must be a League of Nhtiona
 Plradoxtcal as ft may seem. free dom can come only through law. The absolute individual freedom which the anarchist dreams of in a society without governr1 cnt is in fact a log tcal impoesfbtlit1; because the re- moyal of all restraint by the social organization could only mean that the liberty of each would be put al the mercy of every other individual who cared to rob. or plunder oa wreck another's home. It Is only by curbinS the anti-social and criminal impulses of all that each member ot the community can attain that se- curfty and freedom from intolervlD1e interference which makes possible freedom of action and liberty of life
 ThtS self-evident principle is clearly true of international. no less than oi national life. If within the family of nations thcre ts no method of TO. straining or keeping in check the criminal state, 1T every nation Is froo fo follow fits rnbrtdlod and chauvin. sstfc arnhfuons. no people can b, free to follow It's own chosen destiny and desires. UndSr the system oi international lawlessness which hal 2rsvniicd in the past thero has beer in fact no real freedom or nnt1onn Indspsndencs. Prussia conplainec that she dare not disarm becaus. she feared the French war of re. vanchs; France wac forced agaIns her w1n to adopt n burdsnsorne sys lem of military conseription becaus, ot Prlssta's army. Nations whicl
 wanted peace were compelled to puiid huge naviss and burden theI
 populations with heavy eazns in prep aratfon for war. No nation was mas ter even within fts own house. Tn, increase in tho military budget Of | nsisheor seats forced sn inersass Il