davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1919-02-06

1912, Eugene w. Chain, Arizona,
and Aaron s. Watkins, olho. 20s,e23
votes.
1915, J. Frank Hanley, Indiana, and
DIR. Ira Landrlth, Tennessee, 214,340
votes.
The National Prohibition party,
curiously enough. has been rather OPP
posed to prohibition by constitutional
amendment. In the last Year book
u010) we read:
although the Prohibition party
may be said TO be committed by plat
form declaration TO the adoption Of a
national prohibition amendment, when
placed In power, the program of the
party has never contemplated agita-
ton for nonpartisan amendment to
be enforced by administrations not IA
vorable TO prohibition. The
general opinion seems to favor admit
ting the desirability Of the amendment
as the end to be accomplished, at the
same time emphasizing its impructi-
cabillty as a method, and denying its
necessity as a condition precedent to
securing national prohibition. d.
The odds are so overwhelmingly
against the ratification Of an amend
ment that they cannot possibly be
overcome through any reasonable ex-
penditure Of time. money and effort so
long as the liquor traffic exists to fight
for its life"
The National Prohibition party is
certainly right about the apparent
odds against the adoption by congress
Of constitutional amendment and
its ratification by the states. There
have been 1,757 amendments to the
Constitution proposed and Is of them
have been passed. Herein lies the mar
vel OF the ratification of the eighteenth
amendment in about thirteen months
II has been figured that the chances
against the passing of an amendment
are 10 to 1. The case is put thus:
The chances against ratification are
to in the house of representatives,
and TO in the senate, and. there
fore 4 TO l In congress. That is:
Should the measure pass either house
by unanimous vote, the one-third OPP
position In the other house would
block IL In congress as a whole; In
other words, the resolution must be
supported on the two chances in each
house, while II the opposition scores
on its one chance in either house. the
measure fails. The chances in the
state legislatures are 6 to against
the resolution; hence. in The congress
and the legislatures combined the
chances are 10 to l against passage.
In other words, the measure might
pass both houses OF congress unani-
mously. and be defeated as a whole by
the one chance in the states. II might
pass either house Of congress and all
Of the legislatures unanimously. and
be defeated by the one chance in the
other house of congress.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1919-02-06
Active Volcano.

The most active volcano In the world
IS Mount Sangay. 1t is 1880 feet
high. situated on the eastern chain Of
the Andes, South America. 1t has
been in constant erupt'"n since 172S.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1919-02-06

Progress Is the real cure for an over
estimate OF ourselvss.-G. Macdonald.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1919-02-06
Daily Thought.

We often do more good by our sym.
patty than by our labors.-Canon Far
ror
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-04-25
PsyehoIosieaIIy Tested.

Psychological tests are being used
by the United States employment sery-
lee in New York to aid In determining
the work for which applicants are best
fitted.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-04-25
-erandmo.her,s Economy.

Another reason why your dear old
grandmother didn't think she could
afford silk stockings was because she
thought she ought to wear six or seven
pettieoats.-Dallas News.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-04-25
Be SLOW to Condemn.

Why condemn an individual or In
shtution before you hear both sides7
Does a jury convict or a judge SEN
tence q prisoner before the evidence
Is heard1
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-04-25
size Of the Foot.

The foot should be as long al the
dina, or chief bone Of the forearm
that is, from the small head OF the bone
TO be seen It the wrist - the point Of
the elbow should be the length Of the
foot.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-04-25

.~ollishaw, VINO has seen fighting
service, has gone to England to bring
back a plane for a transatlantic
fIght. There's no noise being made
over his plans, but he may surprise
the world by being the first to fly
Evening star., 1919-09-05
10000 Hear President
and Give Ovation at
Indiana Fair Grounds

INDIANAPOLIS September O.
President Wilson. in the second ad-
dress of his countrywide speaking
tour for the peace treaty, told a crowd
of thousands here at the fair grounds
last night that the American delegates
had gone to Paris with a definite err
rand and had accomplished 1t. He
made a plea for acceptance of the
treaty because he said II gave a new
platform for world affairs.
d, The President spoke in the coliseum
| was in session and the building, said
by residents to hold more than 10000
persons. was packed.
The presidential train pulled into the
station at O'Clock and, escorted by q
citizens committee, President Wilson
! was driven FIVE miles to the coliseum.
Along the entire route the streets
were thronged with people who had
i turned out to greet him.
| James i. Goodrich. republican, Gov
ernor of Indiana, in brief address
welcoming the President, said every
one wanted better understanding
among nations, but that every true
American citizen also favored a strong
nationalism. He pleaded for all par
ties to lay aside partisanship in de-
Gliding the issues Of the peace treaty.
f, When the governor mentioned that
| the meeting WAS to hear the Presi-
, dent, the crowd cheered for several
minutes and the governor could only
stop them by presenting Mr.. Wilson.
The Presidents speech was inter
rupted several times by noise in the
rear of the great elliptical Enclosure.
Mr. Wilson's voice did not carry
against the din and many persons on
the outsk kirts, unable to hear, left the
| hall.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Report Deep in His Heart.

And one of the things that I have
most at heart in this report TO my fel-
low citizens is that they should forget
what party ] belong to and what party
they belong 10. ] am making this jour
ney as a democrat. but | am spelling it
with a little d. and I don't want any
body TO remember, so far as this errand
is concerned, that it is ever spelled with
big %
II am making this journey. as AN
American and as champion of the
rights which America believes in. and |
need not tell you that as compared with
the importance Of America the irlpOr-
tance of the democratic party and the
importance Of the republican party and
the importance Of every other party is
absolutely negligible. Parties. my fel-
low citizens. are intended to embody in
action different policies Of government.
They are NOT, when properly used. in
tended to traverse the principles which
underlia government. and the princi-
Piles which underlie the government of
the United states have been familiar
TO us ever since we were children.
II want you to notice another inter-
esting point that has never been dilat ed
upon in connection with the league Of
nations. ] am now trcading upon deli
cate ground and i must express myself
with caution.
There were, good many delega
tions that visited Paris wanting to be
heard by the peace conference who
had real causes to present and which
ought to be presented to the view of
the world But we had TO poirt ont to
them that they did not happen, unfor-
tunnteiy, TO come within the area Of
settlement; that their questions were
not questions which were necessarily
drawn into the things that we were
deciding.
Refers fo Article YT
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Coming of Belgians.

1--WE are presently. NV fellow coun-
tEymen, to have the very great pleas
uHe of welcoming on this side OF the
sea The queen and king of the Bel
gians. 1Applause) And !. for one,
am perfectly sure that we are gong
10 make il clear to them that we
have not forgotten the violation of
Belgium. that we have not forgotten
the intolerable wrongs which were
mt upon that suffering people. !
have seen their devastated country.
where il was not actually laid in
rains every factory was gutted of rs
centents; all the machinery by which
10 would be possible for men to go TO
work again was taken away. and
those parts of the machinery that
they could not take away were de-
stroyed by experts who knew how to
destroy them.
sBelgiun was very successful
edmpcdftor of GERMANY in some lines
of manufacture, and the German ar
urfes were sent there to see to it that
that competition Was put a stop to.
Their purpose was 10 crush the inde-
p<nd mt action of that lite kingdom
NOT merely to use IL as gateway
through which TO attack France. And
when they got into France they not
ONLY fought the armies of France.
bat they put the coal mines of France
oSt of commission, SO that il will be
a asdecade. or more. before France can
supply herself with coal from her ac-
customed sources.
s"You have heard a great deal about
Article of the covenant OF the
league of nations. Article X speaks
the conscience of the world. Article
V is the article which goes to the
heart of this whole bad business. for
that article SAYS that the members
OF this leaeue-and that is intended
10 lie all the great nations OF the
world-engage to resist and to pre-
serve against all external aggression
the territorial integrity and political
independence of the nations con-
rerned. That promise is necessary
in order TO prevent this sort of war
recurring. and We are absolutely dis
credited if SS fought this war and
then neglect the essential safeguard
against II.
You have heard il said, my fellow
Evening star., 1919-09-05

tention. if you will turn it up when
you go home, to Article NJ, following
Article X. of the covenant OF the
league of nations.
That Article XI. let me say, is the
favorite article in the treaty. so far
as am concerned. 1t says that every
matter which is likely to affect the
peace of the world is everybodyS busi-
ness and that it shall be the friendly
right of any nation to call attention in
the league to anything that is likely
to affect the peace of the world or the
good understanding between nations,
upon which the peace of the world de-
pendS. whether that matter immedi-
ately concerns the nation drawing at
tention to it or moi. In other words at
present We have to mind our own
business. Under the covenant of the
league of nations we can mind other
peoples business, and anything that
affects the peace of the world. whether
we are parties to it or not. can by our
delegates be brought to the attention
of mankind.
the world who cannot. henceforth. get
a hearing at that forum. And you
know. my fellow citizens. what hear
ing will mean, if the cause of those
people is just. The one thing which
those who have reason to dread. have
most reason to dread. is publicity and
discussion: because if you are chal-
1enged to give a reason why you are
doing wrong thing. it has to be an
exceedingly good reason. and if YOU
give bad reason you confess judg-
ment and the opinion of mankind goes
against you.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Knows Heart Of People.

Some gentlemen have feared with
regard to the league of nations that
we will be. obliged to do things we
don't want to do. If the treaty were
wrong that might be so. but IL the
treaty is right we will wish to pre-
serve right. l think know the heart
of this great people whom 1. for the
time being. have the high honor to
represent, better than some other men
that ! hear talk.
II have been pred, and am proud to
have been bred. in the old revolu-
tionary stock which set this govern
ment up. when America was set up as
a friend of mankind, and l know--if
they do not-that America has never
lost that vision or that purpose.
Evening star., 1919-09-05


citizens, that we are robbed of some
degree of our sovereign, Independent
choice by articles of that sort. Every
man who makes a choice to respect
the rights of his neighborS deprives
himself of absolute sovereignty, but
he does it by promising never to do
wrong, and I cannot. for one. see any
thing that robs me of any inherent
right that I ought to retain when
l promise that I will do right.
I'VE engage, in the first sentence
of article y. to respect and preserve
from external aggression the terri
torial integrity and the existing po-
litical independence. not only of the
other member states, but all states.
and if any member of the league of
nations disregards that promise. then
what happens? The council of the
league of nations advises what should
be done to enforce the respect for that
covenan' on the part of the nation at
tempting to violate it. And there is
mo compulsion upon us to take that
theI compulsion of our
good conscience and Judgment. Sos that
it is perfectly evident that if, in the
judgment of the people of the United
States the council adjudged wrong.
and that this was not an occasion for
the use Of force, there would be no
necessity on the part of the Congress
Of the United States to vote the use
:of fOrcei.~
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Wanted to Be Of Poland.

But It wasn't perfectly clear that
Upper. that High Silesia- wanted to
be part Of Poland. At any rate there
were Germans in High Silesta who
said that it did not. and therefore we
did there what we did in many other
places: we said. Very we'll. then. we
will let the people that live there de-
cide We will have referendum
within a certain length of time after
the war. under the supervision Of An
international commission, which will
have a sufficient armed force behind
it to preserve order and see that no.
body interferes with the elections.
We will have an absolutely free vote
and High Silesia shall go either to
in High Silesia prefer.
And that illustrates many other
cases where we provided for refer
endum, or q plebiscite, as they choose
to call it: and are going to leave 1t to
the people themselves, as we should
have done. what government they
shall live under.
allot peoples to this government and
the other. 1t is nobody's right to do
that allotting, except the people
themselves, and I want to testify that
this treaty is shot through with the
American principle of the choice Of
the governed.
"Of course, at times it went further
than we could make a practical policy
Of, because various peoples were keen
upon getting back portions Of their
populations which were separated
from them by many miles Of territory,
and we couldn't spot over with little
pieces Of separated states.
Reminded Colleagues.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Says Italy Need Not Fear.

"If there is no league Of nations the
military point of view will prevail in
every instance and peace will be
brought into contempt; but il there is
league of nations, Italy need not
fear the fact that the shores on the
other side of the Adriatic tower above
her lower sandy shores on her side
of the sea, because there will be no
tons of the world will have con-
sidered not merely to see that the
Slavic peoples have their right. but
that the Italian people have their
rights as well ! would rather have
everybody on my side than be armed
to the teeth, and every settlement tina
is right. every settlement that is
based upon the principles / have al
luded to, is a safe settlement because
the sympathy of mankind will be be-
hind 1t,
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Queries Leagues Opponents.

II wonder If some of the opponents
of the league of nations have forgot
ten the promises we made our people
before we went to that peace table?
We had taken by processes OF law the
flower of our youth from every coun-
tryside. from every household. and we
told those mot ars and fathers and
sisters and wi es and sWoethearts
that we were taking those men to
fight a war which would end business
of that sort. and II we do not end 1t.
if we do not do the best that human
concert of action can do to end it. we
are of all men the most unfaithful--
the most unfaithful to the loving
hearts who suffered in this war: the
most unfaithful to those houserolds
bowed in grief. yet lifted with the
feeling that the lad laid down his life
for a great thing-amons other things
in order that other lads might not
have to do the Sa me thing.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Would Back Labor Conference

The international labor conference
to be held here next month under the
terms of the peace treaty would be
given the formal support of Congress
under a resolution ordered favorably
reported yesterday by the joint con-
gressional labor committee. Senator
Edge, republican. New Jersey, sug-
gested that both the Senate and House
appoint representatives to the meet
Evening star., 1919-09-05
DEMOCRATS TO MEET.
Chairman Cummings Calls Session
of Executive Committee,

Chairman Cummings has called a
meeting of the executive committee
Of the democratic national committee
to be held at the st. Charles Hotel in
Atlantic City, September 26 and 81.
A full attendance of the executive
committee Of seventeen members has
been requested. Among the members
OF the executive committee are two
cabinet officers. Securetary of the
Treasury Glass and Attorney General
Palmer
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Secret Treaties Hampered.

There is another thing in this
covenant, which was on of a mum ber
of difficulties that We encountered at
Paris. | need not tell you that at
every turn in these discussions We
came across some secret treaty, some
understanding that had never been
made public before: some understand
ing that embarrassed the whole set
tlement.
Il think it will not be improper for
me to refer to one of those matters.
When we came to the settlement of
the Shantung question. with regard
to China we found that Great Britain
and France were under specific treaty
obligations to Japan that she should
get exactly what she got in the treaty
with Germany, and the most that We
could dol mean the most that the
United States could do-was to urge
upon the representatives of the Japa
nese the very fatal policy that was
involved in such settlement and OBJ
tain from her the promise, which she
gave, that she would not take advan
tage of those portions of the treaty,
but would return without qualifica
ton the sovereignty which Germany
had enjoyed in Shantung province to
the republic of China.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Purpose Dissipates Fear.

But ! haven't the slightest fear
that arms will be necessary IL tho
purpose is there. If know that my
adversary is armed and I am not, I
do not press the controversy. and If
any nation entertains selfish purposes
set against tho principles established
Evening star., 1919-09-05
That Is Leagues Object.

THAT is what the league of nations
is for; to end this war justly--and It
is not merely to serve notice on gov
ernments which would contemplate e
the same things which Germany con-
templated that they will do it at their
peril, but also concerting. the combi-
nation of power which will prove to
Evening star., 1919-09-05
TEXT OF THE SPEECH
AT INDIANAPOLIS

INDIANAPOLIS September 5.-The
eext of President Wilson's speech here
last night follows:
s"My Fellow Citizens: SO great
company as this tempts me to make
. speech daughter and applause).
and yet I want to say to you in all
seriousness and soberness that l have
not come here to make speech IN
the ordinary sense of that term.
81 have come upon a very SOBER eF :
rand, indeed. | have come to report
to you upon the work which the rep
rsentativeS of the United states at
tempted to do at the conference or
peace on the other side of the sea.
because l realize, my fellow citizens,
that my colleagues and j in the TASK
we attempted over there were your
servants. We went there with a ais
tinct errand. which 1t was our DUTY
to perform in the spirit which you
have displayed in the prosecution OF
the war and in conceiving the pur-
poses and objects of that war.
s"I was in the city of Columbus this
afternoon, where I was endeaEoring
to explain to body of our xfello"
citizens there just what 1T was ina :
the treaty of peace contained, Tor l
must frankly admit that in most OF
the speeches that ! have heard IN de !,
bate upon the treaty of peace -ttsWonis
he jmpoSible to form dehnlte CON
ception of what that instrument
means. - 10 : -
Evening star., 1919-09-05
Must, Be Unanimous.

but there could be no advice of the
council on any such subject without
q unanimous vote, and the unanimous
vote would include our own. And II
we accepted. the advice we would be
accepting OUT own advice. For | need
not tell you that the representative
of the government of the United
States would not vote without III
structions from their, government al
home, and that what we uaited in ad-
visinE we could be certain. that our
people could desire TO do. =
"T'here is~~if that covenant net one
note of surrender of the independe mt
judgment of the government Of the
United States. but an expression OF 1T.
because that Independent 5udgment
would have to join[with4the judgment
OF the rest.
But when is that 'judgmeft going
to be expressed. my fellow citizens?
lOnlv after it is evident that every
other resource has failed, and I want
to call your attention to the central
M aeIiinery of the teaEue.sof nations. II
any member ofstbat league, or any
nation not a mem ber,s sTefuses to sub
init the question. as; issue. either to
arbitration ogs1o .discuasion by the
council. there TensueS automatically,
by the engagements. Of this covenant.
an absolute economic fb.ytott There
any member of the league; there will
be .nu interchange of communication
by post or telegraph: there will be no
travel to or from that nation: its
borders will be closed: no. citizen of
any other state will be allowed to
enter 1t, and no one of it's citizens will
be allowed to leave 1T.
Evening star., 1919-09-05
r Recalls Wars Purposes.


act want to recall TO YOU for the pur-
noses of this evening the circumstances
of the war and 'he purposes for wnich
our men spent their lives on the other
side of the sea. -, :,
"You will remember that prince OF
the house of Austria was slain. In one
a the cities of Serbia. Serbia was one
of the small kingdoms of Europe She
had no strength which any OF the great
powers needed to fear. AS we see the
war now. Germany and those who con-
spired with her made pretext OF that
accusa ton in order to make uneonscion-
able demands for the weak and helpless
Mnedom of Serbia, not with view to
t&inging about an acquisition IN those
demands, but with a view to bringing
about a conflict in which their purposes
quite separate from the purposes con-
nected with these demands. could pe
achieved.
/ "Just so soon as these demands were
made other nations of Europe sent tele-
9rapnic messages to their representa-
tiyes at Vienna ard Berlin urging them
TO ask the governments OF Vienna ana
Berlirr TO enter into discussion OF these
matters
s"I was recalling. my fellow citizens.
the circumstances which began the ter
rfble conflict that has just been con-
Guided. ~E