davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-09-21
Panama Protected u. S. At
Crucial Period Of the War
Jasper Yost Ofutt Tells of Decisive Action of Gov
u ernor in Removing German Officers and Crew
I From Ships-Heped With an Enormous Amount
of Supplies.

Casper Yost Offutt, who returned
friday from two years service with
ne diplomatic corps in South
merica and Panama, brings with
him two stories of the services rem
Tered the United States by the
uick and decisive action of Off
2als in the Canal Zone at the out
break Of the war with Germany.
According to Mr.. Offutt, the per-
I'D of the greatest danger immedi-
5tely preceded the declaration of
var, when four of the largest of
iermany's ships took refuge in the
hsrbor at Cristobel. These ships
here manned by German officers and
rews, and the acting governor Of
Anama felt concern for the safety
u the canal and its machinery.
Governor Removes Crews.
Acting on his own initiative, the
overnor removed the crews and
eplaced them with American
psval officers, keeping the Germans
hinder surveillance. AS a result, the
Juited States had four large boats,
1niniured mechanically or other
Wise, for service at the outbreak of
Mar. All other ships seized in
american harbors were so damaged
HAT extensive repairs were neces-
ary.
Due to the constant watch of the
SlYicials, the canal was operated
luring the entire war without mis-
mp or serious damage, though sew
NAL attempts were made to wreck
NE gigantic locks annd electric rail-
Ways which tow the vessels.
Supplied Enormous Stores.
Nearly 100000 tons of mater
al used in the manufacture of ex-
blosives were carried through the
Eanal an American and allied ships
iuring the war period. Over lOO,-
boo tons of coal were furnished
khese ships in addition to large
Quantities of fuel oil. Owing to
Eongested conditions in the ship
cards of the United States, many
hips were sent to the Canal repair
hooks for repainting and dock re-
4irs. A large amount of the cam.
bnflaging which saved so many OF
bnr ships from the enemy subma-
lines was done there, and several
Hips were rebuilt for transport and
satro1 service and put to sea ahead
81 any o. those prepared in the reg
slAr yards.
Took Liberty Bonds.
About $4,000,000 were furnished by
Ne Panama states in answer to the
Various Liberty loan and war serv-
w campaign calls. In addition to
Aese things. almost incredible feats
81 manufacturing were accomplished
Ind quantities of various forms OF
rfoduce furnished which greatly aid
pa in the successful prosecution OF
he war.
Mr.. Offutt will return to his
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-09-21
Park and Boulevard
Work Curtailed by
Decrease in Funds

City Commissioner Falconer, in
charge of the park department, re-
ports his funds, for this year becom-
ing depleted.
The books show a balance of
about $4,000 for the remainder of
this year for park and boulevard
work. Nearly 100000 has been
spent out of the park and boulevard
funds since January /.
A general curtailment of all work
in his department has been ordered
by Mr.. Falconer. .....
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-09-21

ravages of wind, hail, rain and snow
for 40 years, but could not with
stand the attack of the NOISY devil"
the white man drives.
Walter Nichols while driving his
automobile downtown lost control of
the machine as it reached the Baden
corner and crashed into the Indian.
The sign was so badly damaged it
may have to be retired"
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-09-21
Wooden Indian on Job 40
Years SuCCumbS to Auto

Independence. Kan, Sept. 20
A wooden Indian used as advertis-
ing for the cigar store of Henry
Baden when he started in business
in 1870 and still used by the Baden
Mercantile company withstood the
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-05-30
White Point Has Gas
For Lower Rio Crande
Valley

II would be only feasible but practicable pipe the gas from
White Point supply all the towns manufacturing plants and pump
ing stations in the lower Rio Grande Valley
This would be experiment but something that has been done
d0ne suesSuynade financially profitable other oil fields
Think the immense territory ready and waiting be supplied
with cheap iuea territory that would not require any boosting
make realize the advantage of gas the community hesitate one
minute give the franchise necessary become enthusiasts for the
project
There's Brownsville San Benio Harrington La Feria Ebenezer
Mercedes Llama ande Donna San Juan Phar McAen Mission Ed
nburghayng estimated population OF from e one
hundred thousand supporting fourteen pumping stations able supply
water for approximately five hundred thousand acres These people
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-05-30

NgM YORN vss % There was
more hualLess in De raw susar market
TO-DAY. with lhr board reporting put-
ciases ol 200 200 hass oi Cuhas Tor
iunr shipment lllrcs werr nnshan@
si al 9.,e i0r Centrifugal To the re-
lunr
Bu4ness iu refined sugar eontinhes
active with al refiusrs ovsrsoid snd
from iNo to iMco weeks behind in de-
nvert Prices wcro unchanged, ai nine
cents for fue rranulntcd.
The aueHr market will Doe CLOSED iil-
.lnt and saturday
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-05-30
Do you want to help
supply it to them
lot Q profit

You'll notice we've said nothing about our StrOngeS
we should secure al White Point
We've proposition appealing to The conservative, al
fled project. May we tell Won about it,
Fill in the blank below
Allow us to suggest today as tn flI;ng-out day
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-05-30
NoTARiES WILL TAKE
oATHS NEXT MONDAY

one hundred aud twenty eight pcr-
sons authorized 10 be notarles public
In NuDc County VIII take outn ncxi
Monday morning IN thr eoHntN clerk =
office Tho official day set lails on
SUNDAY so onths viii be administered
on Monday Persons should present
their bonds properly signed at this
time,
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-05-30
cnrrnN SD Oh.

Rt Tine a ssaNllttt Press.
NEW NORK NaH pa Not only was
tho cotton srri oll market stronger
toda, With thu Iunp n lWd hui q
showed more activity zoe la r'fl io
rumors of unrcsuicted trading after
june 4
Prime crude. 1850. primo SUMMER
yellow. spot 1850. October 2iSA, De-
cenber anl january 82.fa.
The market win BE- closed saturday
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
Dr.. Alfred Irving Ludlow. above, and
Dr.. Oliver X. Ayison.


CLFNELAN d, Ohio Rev NJ
fred Irving Ludlow. one OF lour
American medical missionaries ar
rested bv japanese officials at Seoul,
Korea, in connection with the 10
rean uprising, is brother OF Rev
Arthur {. Ludlow, pastor OF Miles
Avenue Presbyterian church. and was
born in Cleveland iorty-,hree years
ago
Dr O. X. Ayi,on. another OF the
missionaries arrested, educated his
five sons in Cleveland schools. Two
Of them. Martin, 20. and Raymond,
u, arc about to rkumc their studies
at Western Reserve university. They
have Just returned from France with
the Thirty seventh division.
DR.. Ludlow, brother OF the mis-
slonary in Korea. says his brother
had just returned from Om,k, 81
IBERIA. and could not have been con
nectcd with any movement to stir up
the Koreans. His arrest, DR. Lud-
low said, could have resulted only
from the refusal OF Severance hos
pital authorities TO permit japanese
officials to remove patients from the
hospital. 1t is believed that this is
the cause OF the arrest OF the other
three missionaries also The other
two men named in the dispatches are
DR.. John Thomas and J. W. Hirst.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

ln the event of a dispute between a
member OF the league and a state
which is not member OF the league,
or between states not members Of the
league, the state or states not mem
bers Of the league shall he invited
to accept the obligations OF member
ship in the league for the purposes OF
such dispute upon such conditions as
the council may deem just
II such invitation is accepted, the
provisions of Article twelve to six
teen inclusive, shall be applied with
such notifications as may be deemed
necessary by the council.
Upon such invitation being given
the council shall Immediately insti-
tute an inquiry into the circum-
stances OF the dispute and recommend
such action as may seem best and
most citectual in the circumstances
Ii state so invited shall refuse
10 accept the obligations OF member
ship IN the league for the purposes OF
such dispute and shall resort to war
against member Of the league, the
provisions Of Article Sixteen shall be
a plicahle as against the state taking
such action.
II both parties 10 the dispute when
so instituted refuse to accept the OBJ
legations Of membership in the league
for the purposes Of such dispute, the
council may take such measures and
make such recommendations as will
prevent ho'tili,ies and will result in
the settlement OF the dispute
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE TWELVE.

The members Of the league agree
that II there should arse between them
any dispute likely to lead TO a rupture,
they will submit the natter either ia
arbitration or 10 inquiry by the coun-
Gil, and they agree in no case TO re-
sort TO war until three months after
the award BY the arbitrators or the
report by the council
In any case under this article the
award OF the arbitrators shall he
made within a reasonable time and the
report OF the council shall he made
within six months after the submission
OF the Dispute.
Virtually unchanged except that
some provisions OF the original are
eliminated for inclusion in other
articIes
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

Any war or threat OF war, whether
Immediately affecting any OF the
members Of the league or not, is here
by declared a matter OF concern to the
whole league, and the league shat
take any action that may be deemed
wise and effectual 10 safeguard In,
peace Of nations. In case any sucf
emergency should arise, the sccre.
taty general shall on the request OF
any member of the league, forthwith
.lmmon a meeting o6 the council
II is also declared TO be the fun
damenial rlgb, Of each member Of The
league TO bring TO the attention Of the
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

after the submission of the dispute to
the council
Powers Of Council Apply
In any case referred to the assembly
All the provisions OF this article and
OF Article Twelve relating to the ac-
ton md powers of the council shall
apply 10 the action and powers OF the
assembly, provided that a report made
by the assembly. II concurred in by
the representatives OF those members
Qt the league represented on the coun.
~ and of majority Of the other
members OF the league exclusive in
each case Of the representatives OF the
parties 10 the dispute, shall have the
same force as a report BY the council
concurred in by all the members there
.ci other than the representatives OF
ono or more Of the parties TO the dis
pute
(The paragraph specifically exclud-
ing matters OF domestic jurisdiction"
from action by the council is new. In
the last sentence the words "if con
CURED in by the representatives. Of
those members OF the league represent
ed on the council" etc. have been
addedl
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

stand by themselves under the S'renu'
ous conditions OF the modern world
there should be applied he prlnci'
pie that the well being and develop
ment OF such peoples form sacred
trust OF civilization and that securl'
ties for the performance OF this trust
should be embodied in this coyenan,
Tutelage Of Advanced Nations
The best method OF giving prac.ica'
bic effect to this principle is tina, the
tutelage Of such peoples be entrusted
TO advanced nation, who, by reason
OF their resources, their experience
or their geographical position car
best accept t-~nd this tutelaee should
be exercised BY them as manda,orle'
on behalf OF the league
The character OF the mandate mus
differ according TO the 'stage OF tn,
development OF the people, the geo
graphical situation of the territory II
economic condition and other similar
circumstances.
Must Consider Wishes.
Certain communities formerly be
longing to the Turkish empire, have
reached stage Of development where
their existence as independent ma
tons can be Professionally recog'
niled, such TO the rendering OF ad,
mlnlstrative advice and assistance b,
mandatory until such time as they
are able TO stand alone. The wishe'
OF these communities must be a prin
cipal consideration on the selection o.
the mandatory
Freedom or Conscience.
Other peoples. especially those o
Central Africa. are at such stag,
that the mandatory must be reSpon
,iblc for the administration OF ,ht
territory under conditions which wil
guarantee freedom OF conscience o
religion subjec, only to the main,cn
ance OF public order and morals. III,
prohibition OF abuses such as III,
slave trade. the arms traffic, and Tn,
liquor traffic and the prevention o
the establishment OF Notifications o.
military and naval bases and OF mill
tary training Of the nations for othe
than police purposes and the deiens,
OF territory and will also secure cQua
opportunities for the trade and com
merce OF other members OF the league
Under Laws OF Mandatory.
There are territories, such as south
west Africa, and certain OF the Soutl
Pacific islands, which, owing to tn
>parSeneNs OF their population or thei
small size or their rcmotenesS from
the centers of civilization, OF ,hei
geographical contlguity to the terri
tory OF the mandatory and other cir
cums,ances can be best admlnlstere,
under the laws OF the mandatory a
integral portions OF its territory sub
lcc, to the safeguards above men
toned in the interests of the in
digenouS population.
In every case of mandate, the man
datory shall render to the council a
annual report in reference to the ter
titory committed to its charge
Authority Defined.
The degree OF authority, control. c
administration to be exercised by III
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

PARIS. April 2S--l, was stated
in French circles today that the
peace conference would be ready to
present the peace treaty to the Ger
mans Friday or Saturday OF this
week.
The latest reports are that a secret
plenary session will be held Thurs
day or Friday evening for eommuni-
cation OF the terms to the allied and
associated powers.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE TEN.

The members OF the league under.
take to respect and preserve as
against external aggression the ter
rlorial integrity and existing poll
teal independence OF all members Of
the league
In case ~. any such aggression or in
case OF any threat or danger Of such
aggression, the council shall advise
upon the means by which this obliga-
L. II l.. L..il.li-I
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE NINE.

A permanent commission shall he
constituted to advise the council on
the execution OF the provisions oi
Article One aud Eight and on mill
,ary and naval questions generally.
unchanged except for the inser-
tion of the words sArticle OneT)
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

In order to promote international
cooperation and to achieve inlcrna-
tionai peace and security. by the ac-
ceptance Of obligations no, to resort
10 war by the prescription of open,
Just and honorable relations between
nations. by the firm establishment OF
the understandings Of International
law as to actual rule OF conduct
among governments, and by the main
tenance of justice and scrupulous
respect for all treaty obligations in
the dealings of organized peoples with
one another, the high contracting par
ties agree 10 this covenant of the
league of nations
On the original preamble the last
sentence read adopted this consti-
tution,' instead of "agtee TO this
cOvenant")
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

cepted as abrogating all obligations
or understandings inter Sc which are
inconsistent with the terms thereof,
and solemnly undertake that they
will not hereafter enter into any en-
gagemcnts inconsistent with the terms
thereof
In case members Of the league shall
before becoming member OF the
league, have undertaken any obligs-
tons inconsistent with the terms OF
this covenant, it shall be the duty OF
such member to take immediate
steps to procure its rclasc from such
obligations.
Virtually the same as original
A,ticl, 1yA
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE FOURTEEN.

The council shall formulate and sub
mt to the members OF tho league for
adoption plans for the establishment
OF permanent court of international
justice.
The court shall be competent to
hear and determine any dispute OF an
international character which the
parties thereto submit to it.
The court may also give an advisory
opinion upon any dispute or question
referred TO it by the council or by me
assembly -
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE TWENTY-FIVE.

To those colonies and ,erritore,
which, as consequence of the late
war, have ceased to be under thc
sovereignty Of the states which for
merly governed them and which are
inhabited by peoples not yet able to
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

OF the league shall subject to the con-
sen, OF the council and II desired "
the parties collec, and distribute all
relevant information and shall ren-
der any other assistance which may
be necessary or desirable,
The council may include as part Of
the expenses OF the secre,ariat the ex-
penses Of any bureau or commission
which is placed under the direction Of
the league
(Sams as Article Twenty-Five In the
original. with the matter after the first
two sentence. added)
ARTICLE TWENTY-FIVE.
The members OF the league agree to
encourage and promote the establish
ment and o-operaton OF duly author
ilsd voluntary national Red Cross or
CARNATIONS having as purposes I'M
provement OF health. the prevention OF
disease and the mitigation OF suffering
Throughout, the world.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
(Entiftly ntw),
ARTICLE TWENTY.SIX.

Amendments to this covenant will
take effect when ratified by the mem-
bers OF the league whose representa-
,lyes compose the council and by a
majoroy OF the members OF the league
whose representatives compose the as
sembly
Such amendments shall t,he word
not" apparently omitted in cable
transmission) bind any member OF tho
league which signifies Ms dissent
,hercirom, bu, in that case i, shall
cease to be member Of the league.
(Ssme as the original except that Z
majority OF the league instead Of three
iourths. is required for ratification Of
amendments. with the last sentence
Added)
ANNEX TO THE COVENANT.
l. Original members of the league
OF nations
Slgna,ories OF the treaty OF peace.
United States OF America, Belgium,
Bolivia, Brazil, British empire, Cana
da, Australia, South Africa. New
South Wales, India, China, Cuba,
Clccho Sloyakia, Ecuador, France,
Greece. Guatemala, Haiti. lledjar.
Honduras, Italy, Japan, Liberia, MIC
lragua. Panama, Peru, Poland, Por,u-
gal, Rumania. Serbia, Siam, Uru-
quay.
States invited 10 acccde to the COW
cnint.
Argentina republic. Chile. Colombia.
Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Para
quay. Persia. Salvador Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland Venezuela
2 First secretary general OF tbe
league OF nations
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE THIRTEEN.

The members OF the league agree
that whenever any dispute shall arise
between them which they recognize to
be suitable for submission to arbitra-
ton and which cannot be sati'iactori-
" settled by diplomacy. they will sub.
NIT the whole subjec, matter 10 arbl-
irlttlr
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
virtually unchanged.
ARTICLE EIGHTEEN.

Every convention or international
engagement entered into hcnceior-
ward by any member of the league,
shall be forthwith registered with the
secrctariat and shall, as soon as pos
slble, be published by it. No such
treaty or international engagement,
shall be binding until so registered.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

ings OF the assembly OF of the coun-
eli, the appointment, OF committees to
investigate particular matters shall
be regulated by the assembly or by
the council and may be decided by a
majority OF the members OF the league
represented at the meeting.
The first meeting of the assembly
and the first meeting At the council
shall be summoned by the president
Of the United States of America.
(The fiist paragraph requiring
unanimous agreement In both assem-
bly, and council. except where other
wise provided, is new. The other two
paragraphs originally were included
In Article Four)
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
VIII Not Go 10 Waf.

II a report hv the council is unan-
imously agreed to by the members
thereof, other than the representatives
.ot ono or more parties to the dispute,
the members OF the league agree that
they will not go to war with any party
to the dispute which complies with
the recommendations Of the report.
II the council fails to reach re-
port which is unanimously agreed to
by the members thereof other than the
representatives of orc or more Of the
parties to the dispute, the members Of
the league reserve to themselves the
right TO take such action as they sllall
consider necessary for the maintenance
OF right and Justice.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE ONE

The original members OF the league
oi nations shall be those OF the sig
natories which are named in the annex
10 this covenant and also such Of
those other states named in the an
mex as shall acccdc withou, rcserva-
tion TO this covenant
Such accessions shall be affected by
a declaration deposited with the sec
rctariat within two months OF the com
ing into force Of the covenant
Notice thereof shall be sent to all
other members Of the league.
Must Give Guarantees.
Any fully selt-goveruIng state, do
minion or colony not named in the
annex. may become a member Of The
league II It's admission is agreed by
two-thirds of the assembly, provided
that il shall give effective guaran-
tees Of It's sincere intention TO OBJ
serve its international obligations
and shall accept such regulations as
may be prescribed by the league in
regard TO It's military and naval
forces and armameDts.
ANY Member MAY Withdraw,
Any member OF the league, may,
after two years notice Of its inten-
ton so to do, withdraw from the
league, provided that all its internal
tional obligations and all its obli-
cations under this covenant shall
b,y. k,e, Iu1T;It.J %, ,L. ,.... a.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE FIVE.

Except where otherwise expressly
provided in this covenant decisions
st any meeting OF the assembly or of
the council shall require the agree
ment OF all the members OF the league
Saesssented at the meeting.
n An matters Of proeedpR at meet
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28
ARTICLE TWENTY.ONE.

Nothing in this covenant shall &,
deemed to affect the validity OF b.
ternational engagements such
treaties Of arbitration or regional un
derstandings like the Monroe doc,rm.
Tor securing the maintenance of peace
TT ut,,.I,, unu,N
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-04-28

Of
Of h
Ina