davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
L. 5. to Order New
Airplanes to Keep
Industry Moving
Purpose Is to Prevent Col
lapse of Manufacturing g
Capacity; Ten Fields Des-
ignated 10 Be Abandoned

WASHINGTON, May 5.-Orders for
new airplanes will be placed by the
War Department to prevent complete
collapse of the airplane manufacturing
capacity built up during the war The
machines to be ordered will be of ad-
vanced types developed from war ex-
perience and designed by engineers
working under conditions more favor
able than those existing before the
war.
Acting Secretary Crowel disclosed
the departments plans to-day in ex-
planning it had been decided to aban-
don Barron, Call, Carruthers, Love,
Rich and Taliaferro fields, in Texas:
Payne Field, in Mississippi; Gerstner
Field. in Louisiana; Taylor Field, in
Alabama, and Eberts Field, in Arkan-
sas.
These fields are being used to store
equipment. This equipment is to be
concentrated at fields to be retained
which already have been announced
The ten fields designated to be aban-
doned then will be turned over to any
other government department. that
might need them, or the buildings will
be sold or salvaged
Definite plans for the air service
await action of Congress as to the
military policy. Secretary Crowel
said the department, however was
moving toward broad constructive
programme, designed to cover not
only military needs, but also relations
between the government and civil en-
terprise for promotion of air naviga-
tion. Officers recognize that the gov
ernment now virtually monopolzes the
field and must take steps to share its
information and equipment
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Senator Assails President
and Colleagues for Not
Incorporating Amend
ments of Root in Covenant
Suggestions Called Good
Each of Former Senator's
Six Ideas Would Strengthen
the Pact He Declares
Nerr York Trlbune
u lShiucfor P,.c

" dShlnSton Bureau
WASHINGTON, May 5.-Failure Of
the reace conference to include anv
Of the SIX amendments to the league
OF nations covenant suggested bv
former Senator Elihu Root makes it
necessary for the United States Sem
ate to consider these amendments in
passing on the constitution of the
league, Senator Brandegee, Of Con-
necticut, declared here tonight.
"In view o. the deliberate refusal
Of the conference to incorporate in
the constitution all or any of the
vial amendments submitted by Sena-
tor Root" Mr.. Brandegee said, sit
becomes the solemn responsibility Of
rhs Senate of the United States to
consider the proposals which the con-
ference has rejected"
Mr. Brsndegee issued a statement
wnich is believed generally to indicate
the line the Senate will pursue in
attacking the league covenant when
it rs presented for approval.
Brandegee's Statement
Senator Brandegee's statement fol-
lows:
TN mis- letter Of March 90, 1919, to
Chairman Hays, Senator Root ana
lyzed the original draft of the consti-
tuition Of the league OF nations.
After observing that a large part
Of its provisions are likely to be of
great value, he recorded his conclusion
that the constitution has very serious
faults, which may lead to the ultimate
failure Of the whole scheme unless they
are remedied, and some faults which
unnecessarily and without any benefit
whatever TO the project tend to en-
barrsss and hinder the United States
n giving its full support to the scheme
T think he added there should be
several very important amendments to
tie agreement He proceeded 10 speci-
fy and propose six such amendments
The constitution in the form finally
approved BY the peace conference en-
bodies none Of the six amendments
thus proposed. Every one of them
might have been adopted by the CON
ference without impairing the effective
ness Of the plan OF which the constitu-
ION IS an expression.
What Amendments Mean
Their rejection places the confer
snre as sQuarely on record as If it
aae deliberately made the following
declarations upon the six points in
question:
-. We decline TO create high court
of Justice or TO do more than direct
toat plans be formulated for tribunal
: those only jurisdiction will depend
-so1 the consent Of the parties. We
de- ne 70 exact national covenants to
srottrate iusticiable questions instead
OF lighting over them We persist in
Yesting in the International executive
esolnet the power TO make final deci-
IONS upon all disputed questions,
whether legal or political in their ma
-ure. We accordingly reject Senator
ROOTS frst amendment
We persist in the practical aban-
eo1nent OF all effort TO promote or
maintain a system Of international law.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Overwhelmingly for Paris Prof.
ecs. Say Officials Here

An overwhelming majority of the
y 100000 farmers of America favor
the entrance Of the United States into
the league of nations" according to an
the League TO Enforce Peace
Resolutions have been adopted by
1913 organization in favor of the Paris
project, it was said.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
immigration Clause Asssiled

second amendment.
Immigration Clause Assailed
"3 a. Not recognizing the Monroe
doctrine as a declaration of traditional
opposition 10 the extension of the
Western continent Of the severe gnty
Doctrine as declaration Of traditional
classifying it as regional under
standing and we leave the cabinet OF
nine 10 determine in any emergency
whether or not to recognize the valid
ity Of the doctrine according to their
political opinion Of its effect upon the
peace Of the world
OBJ We refuse to permit the United
States. or any nation, specifically to
reserve Tor It's own decision what I'M
migration it viii sanction or FORBID.
"(C) We decline to sanction the
specific reservation by the United
States of purely American questions.
We insist upon leaving the question
of protective tariff, the Panama
Canal and the coastwise trade of the
United States in the uncertain posi-
original draft. We accordingly de-
rent.
I've insist that every member
of the league shall give continuing
guaranty 70 preserve as against ex-
ternal aggression the territorial in
tegrity and existing political indie
pendence OF all members OF the league.
We decline to permit a naticn to ter
inmate its obligations as q world guar
antor and yet remain league mem
ber. We decline Senator Roots fourth
amendment.
No Revisions Planned
"5-Though recognizing that the
primary purpose OF the league is to
obstruct war, and that limitation Of
armaments is the most effective method
Of obstruction, we decline to give the
commission constituted under Article
TX powers rather Of inspection of
the actual conditions Of armament eX-
listing in any country or Of verii-
cation of reports Of ornaments submit
ted. We decline Senator Roots flft h
amendment.
"e-While it has been pointed out
to US that the league cannot be a
league of peace for some years to
come, that 1t is rather an alliance Of
one-half of the active world to con
troll the other half, aad that the
constitution IS not final or conclusive
instrument, we decline 10 provide for
the calling Of conference for its
revision. We insist that no amend
ment shall be made except with the
approval of the majority Of nations
represented in the council, and o' d
majority Of the nations represented in
the assembly. We accordingly de-
cline Senator Roots sixth amend
rnent.'
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Ionkers Railroad to Renew
Extra Fare EIaroes Tod.

YoNKKERs, N. Y, May The
Yonkers Railroad viii start again to-
morrow collecting the extra nickel for
rides beyond the city limits, Supreme
Court Justice Almet F. jerks having
vacated the temporary injunction which
restrained the company from con-
tinuing to do so.
Thomas J. ONeill, attorney for the
forces fighting the fare increase. will
appear before Justice Morschauser in
the Supreme Court at White Plains to-
morrow to argue for permanent in
junction.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Czech Minister Killed
Fall Fatal to General
Stefanik and ? Italians

COPENHAGEN, May 5.-General
Mia Stefanik, Czecho-S -Slovak Minister
of War, was killed near Wajnor, Hun
gary, Sunday, when the airplane in
which he was travelling crashed to the
ground. a dispatch from Pressburg
says. Two Italian officers who were
with him also were killed.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06

Vuueluei WIN De perm Lted To- witness
the start, with the exception of news
papermen and photographers.
No mail or official papers will be
carried. The kit Of each man has been
limited to five pounds, and will con-
tam necessary toilet articles and one
change Of underwear.
Ration Sandwiches and Coffee
The men will take with them bun
die Of sandwiches and coffee in Their
mos bottles. This will be the extent
of their food on the first leg from
Rockaway to Halifax. Similar rations
will be used from Galif9~ to Tra-
passey Bay. On the main fight across
the ocean the regulation c.nerge3cy y
ration Of the navy viii be used. This
is ration based on a chocolate COM
pound.
The big machines will not carry a
full load on the laps from Rockaway
to Newfoundland. These two compara-
lively short flights are looked upon
more in the nature of test flights, as
we'll as a convenient method OF get
ting The machines 10 the main base for
the transatlantic fight
'rom Trepassey Bay, n F.. to Horta
island of Fayal, Azores, each of the
three ships will carry full load of
2S.500 pounds. This great load chiefly
Will consist Of fuel necessary 10 make
the fight successful and continuous.
The three big seaplanes Wnlcn Will
start on their epoch making fight to-
day were orig nally decided upon in
the summer of 1917. They are the re-
suit OF cooperation between the en-
gineers OF the Navy Department and
The Curtiss Company, and obtain their
designation Of NC from Navy Cur
tiss. They also embody some of the
principles Of the big British Handley-
Page machines.
They were built with the express
intention of delivery across the ocear
for operations with the naval forces
in Europe. The war ended before they
finally were completed.
1t was in the early fall of 1917 thai
Rear Admiral D. W. Taylor called {
conference al Washington with nava
constructors Commander G. c. West
erVelt and Lieutenant Commando
Hunsaker. At this conference, accord
ing to information which was giver
out at the time of the Aero Show II
New York. and then suppressed, the
general outline Of the boats was de
clded upon.
Commander Westervelt was sent tc
Europe to observe the progress that
had been made in developing the large
+ypes of aircraft. Commander H. C
Richardson, one of the pilots in the
transatlantic fight, was set to work tc
design the hulls.
The design was practically completed
in the winter Of 1917-'1S and the con
struction well under way by summer
The wing structure is - fairly con
ventional type, but the hull has the
characteristics of large pontoon.
Tail Group an Innovation
The remarkable tail group with its
huge outrggers is entirely new and
was suggested by Mr.. Gilmore, of the
Curtiss engineering staff This ar
rangement. according to experts, has
proved satisfactory in control and is
said to be structurally rigid.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Seren Destroyers OF
For FLIGHT Stations

TREPASSEY, N. F. May 5.-Refueled
and supplied, the seven destroyers
which arrived mere yesterday sail to-
day for stations near the Azores on
the navy's transatlantic flight course
More guardships are expected here
this afternoon. Buoys have been set
out to mark the reef at the narrow
mouth Of the harbor
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Disarmament of Bulgarian
Army Decided Upon by Allies

GENEVA, May 5.-An interallied
committee has reached an agreement
upon the terms of the treaty relative
TO a disarmament of the Bulgarian
army, according to information from
Bucharest
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06

We decline to provide for a confer
ence of powers to state in authoritative
form the principles and rules Of inter-
national law. We reject Senator Roots
second amendNnrt
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
Ocean Fliggh
Begins atDawn
Despite Fir e
Continued from page

fact that this series of accidents hap
pened on the eve Of the nc boats
departure Commander Towers smiled
tious; we intend to be the first across
the ocean,
He then announced the final plans
for the ocean fight, and the detail for
each Of the three flying boats. The
crews of the seaplanes are as follows:
NC-1
Commander Lieutenant Commander
Lieutenant Commander N. A.
Mitscher
Lieutenant l.. T. Barin.
Radio Operator Lieutenant H. Sa
denwater.
Engineer Chief Machinist Mate c. l.
"Reserve Pilot Machinist R. Christen-
sen.
Commander Commander John H.
Towers. commanding officer of the
flight.
Pilot Commander II. c. Richardson
Lieutenant d. II. Mccullough.
Radio Operator Lieutenant Com
mander r. A. Lavender.
Engineer -Wachlnist l.. R. Moore.
Reserve Pilot Lieutenant B. Rhodes
Reserve Navigator or-Lieutenant Com
mander R. L. Byrd.
Commander Lieutenant Commander
A. G. Read.
Piot-Lieutenant f. T. Stone.
Pilot TYcntrraDt w Hi0tno
Radio Operator Ensign II. c. Rodd.
Engineer Chief Special Machinist f.
II. Howard.
Reserve Pilot Lieutenant ]. L.
Breesc.
Reserve Engineer Chief Machinist
Mate Rhodes.
VIII Fly With Five Men
These crews will be with the sea
planes until their arrival in 7repassy
Bay, n T. For the actual flight across
the ocean to the Azores only five men
will be in each machine. All the re
serve men viii be dropped unless the re
arc vacancies du TO illness.
Tn giant seaplAnes were fortunate
yesterday in their misfortune. BY a
strange freak, the damage to the NC-1
occurred on the right wings ir the
heavy storm two months ago ner two
left wings were crippled, but the right
wings were undamaged.
When IT was decided that the NC
had structural errors her wings wcre
placed on the NC-l, and the two right
wngs Of the latte. seaplane were
carefully stored away. These were
brought oui yesterday and built on the
big seapanc in place Of the burned
wings.
Tic damnge 20 the tail group Of the
NC-4 was also made good from the
hC-2
oThc are nce.rlca m -the ~ hanear
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
4 Z Rr-oo (l7zrA-) y C,Aru~onloe1 =

pretend the league is created to pre-
vent
New-York tribune., 1919-05-06
G771~G the NC z3E40> Eoe %7>%>4A
\ TEST

outsider will be permitted to. witness
the start, with the exception of news
papermen and photographers.
No mail or official papers will be
carried. The kit of each man has been
limited to five pounds, and will con-
tain necessary toilet articles and one
change of underwear.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Peace Conference Is
Not Ready TO Take Up
L0tin-America Data

PARIS. Jan. % BY The Associated
Prcss). 1t will probably be several
weeks before any Latin-American
questions will be considered by the
peace congress-, because of the more
pressing nature of the European prob
lem The Tacnda-Arca dispute between
Chile, Peru and Bolivia is the only
acute situation in Latin America, but it
seems that even this is not likely to
command attention before the league
OF nations is formed. The league is
expected to be especially qualified to
deal with boundary questions in a
scientific manner.
The United States has many experts
IN Paris with full information about
South and Central American questions
which are likely to be brought to the
attention of the delegates. The boun-
dary dispute between Guatemala and
Honduras, in which Secretary of State
Lansing was named as arbitrator, is
said to be moving toward settlement
and can probably be adjusted without
reference to the peace congress.
AS yet Columbia has not made anv
overtures IN reference to her differ
ences with the United States. and no
formal steps have been taken to bring
any of the scores Of -American n
boundary disputes to the attention of
the congress, although it is expected
that many of these historic contro-
versles Will be referred to the league
OF nations as the logical tribunal for
their cons Liberation.
Should the status Of pan-Amerca be
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

tions will be imposed concerning i'm
portation, expectation and free passage
of goods and raw materials, all states
should mutually accord each other most
favored nation treatment.
switzerland, as a landlockcd
country mainly dependent upon its
share of the worlds commerce, highly
approves of the principle of free ac-
cess to the sea. First of all. Switzer-
land attributes great Importance to the
maintenance and Improvement of the
existing international waterway of the
Rhine from Basel to the North Sea.
Switzerland fully expects, besides, that
it will soon be possible to come to an
understanding with France and Italy
for opening the Rhine and Po-Ticino
rivers for navigation on big scale,
and obtain recognition of similar prin-
ciples regarding these rivers as are in
vogue for already internationalized
waterways. 1t is also of vital interest
to Switzerland to obtain the right Of
passage over railroads to the sea and
through European states eastward.
"Sixth-The political, legal and econ
omic principles formulated by Presi-
dent Wilson arc so entirely in con-
formity with the traditional wants Of
Switzerland that she will adhere to
them whatever difficulties may lie in
the way of their realization."
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
johnson Asks About
u. S. Troops in Russia

WASHINGTON, Jan. %. Senator
johnson, of California, in a statement
to-day on the peace conferences Rus
sian agreement declared that it gave no
Information regarding the return Of
American troops from Russia. while
press dispatches told of fighting be-
tween the Americans and Russians.
m not concerned with the Soviet
government or any of the Czarist fac
tons we have been backing in Russia. y
Senator Johnson said "Mv concern is
for American boys, drafted for war
with Germany, and after the conclusion
OF the war with Germany sent to war
with Russia. | want these American
boys brought homo at once. What a
sad commentary it is in one column to-
day to read of our great love for the
Russians, and in the next of how we
are shooting them to pieces. If our pro
fessions made since January, 1918. re-
peated often since then, and Yesterday
again, arc anything more than mere
empty words, let's cease making war
IN violation of our laws and our Con-
stitution and bring hore our soldiers
who are now in Russia"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Wilson's Speech on
Rhine Problem Is
Puzzle to French
Translated Version Seems to
Reject Foch Demand for
Security ON River; Eng
lish Text Is Different
Nelo York Tribune
Special Cable Service

Copyright 1919. New York Tribune lnc)
PARIS, Jan. 23.-In view of the i'm
portance of the position of the Presi-
dent with regard to French ideas con-
corning the Rhine, Mr.. Wilson'S speech
in the French Senate Monday is the
subject of close scrutiny What did
Pres ident Wilson really say?
According to the French version Mr..
Wilson seemed to repulse in diplomatic
language French aspirations to the
possession Of the left bank of the
Rhine for Frances future protection.
In the official American version, given
out by the Crillon Press Bureau, this
idea is uncertain.
literal translation Of the version
given the French public follows:
"If the danger which menaced
France in the past could remain,
the world, as you have said, Mon
sieur lie President, would remain ex-
posed to a peril. But many new ele-
ments should help France to reas-
sure herself. We see before us
new world being born. This world
has awakened to the community of
its interests. 1t knows that it's very
future depends on that. The future
of free institutions is that of civili-
zation. 1t knows that if the peril in
which France lived should continue
the menace would be for the entire
world. Against it it is not only
France, but the entire world that
should be organized"
Two Versions Given
The official American version of this
paragraph says:
"And while you say, sir, that this
danger may prove to be a continuing
danger while it is true that France
will always be nearest this threat, if
we cannot turn it from threat into
promise, there are many elements
which should reassure France There
around us. The whole world is
awake and it is awake to it's com
munity Of interest. 1t knows that it's
dearest interests are involved in its
standing together for a common pur-
pose. 1t knows that the peril of
France, if it continues. will be the
peril of the whole world 1t knows
that not only France must organize
against this peril, but that the world
must organize against it."
French Version Accepted
Inquiries by The Tribune lead to the
belief that the French version was
actually what was said. The French
version was made from stenographic
notes taken during the Presidents s
speech without addition or alteration.
On the other hand, the English version
of the Presidents speeches is usually
submitted to the President for cor
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
All-Russian Envoy i'm
Paris for Peace Conference
New York irtbatat

Washing Gt0n Bureau
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23.-The Rus
sian Embassy has been advised from
Paris of the arrival there of Sergius
Sazanof, who has just been appointed
Foreign Minister of the Al-Russian
government at Omsk, and who already
was Foreign Minister of the Ekater-
inodar government in the Don coun-
try, which is the region controlled by
the volunteer army organized by the
late General AleXeff.
Sazanotf is expected to take part in
the discussions between the Russian
unofficial delegation in Paris with the
heads of the associated governments.
The Ekaterinodar government having
declared its adhesion to the Omsk gov
ernment, which is also supported by
the Archangel government, Sazanoff
will speak for practically all non Boil
shevik Russia.
1t was recalled to-day that Sazanoff,
who was Foreign Minister under the
imperial regime, is warm personal
friend of George Kakhmeteff the for
mer Russian Ambassador to the United
States, who resigned his office after the
overthrow of the Car
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Chance Ciren Russia
To Heal Internal Ills.
Says British Press

LONDON, Jan. 23.-There is no rea-
son to suppose "that this wise and
high-minded offer will be rejected by
any Russian government" says "The
Daily News' in commenting on the
action of the Supreme Inter-Allied
War Council in asking representa-
tives of all Russian governments to
meet delegates of the Allied and asso-
ciated powers in the Princes Islands
for discussion of the Russian question.
cit affords them all a chance to es-
cape from future full of menace"
the paper adds. at relieves them from
threats of foreign interference which
would have made fercer class antago-
nisms and accentuated the material
miseres that have so long tormented
the hapless Russian people But it is
rot only Russia that President Wilson
has probably saved by this resolution;
1T Is the hope of the league of nations"
Allies Do Their Part
''The Times" says: "Whether the
policy declared viii work. no one. least
of all those who framed it, can feel
: completely confident But, at any rate.
If II does not work, the members Of the
conference viii be free from sclf-re.
proach. for they will feel sure they
have done everything that was possible
to reach a settlement by agreement"
The Manchester Guardian SAYS
the decision OF the conference is of the
best augury. It displays an admirable
spirit OF compromise among the powers
themselves, the paper adds, and it is
the first act Of the great drama of
the establishment of worlds peace
Depends on Boisheviki
I've hope there will be a response in
spired by the same spirit from the
Russian people" says "The Westmin-
ster Gazette" "Whether that is to be
so or not will depend in the main on
the Bolsheviki. They can, if they so
desire, make all the good will Of the
peace conference nugatory, or they can
make the meeting in the Sea Of Mar
mora the birth of new Russia. What
ever the answer may be, the Allies
VIII nave the satisfaction Of having
taken sane and courageous course.
If Russia declines the friendly hand
tnht ls now held cut, there are other
recourses open to civilization, though