davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19

The Buy Your Coal Now" Campaign has the full
 indorsement of the Federal Fuel Administration Coal Supply
 Now and Next Winter IF last winter had been unusually mild there would be l DOMESTIC COAL FAMINE in the Birmingham District to- day. As stocks of domestic coal are below normal
 HIS the fact that mines inactive because of the light demand for coal (snall coa) which sutes least 60 cent of the Domestic coal mp produced unless there sufficient demand for steam coal to keep the mines going.
 TT require much vision that if the demand for
 steam improve there be gradual decrease supply domestic coal Under this condition the aton of surplus stocks altogether out of the question: Therefore may be question of the price of coal, but of ability to get coal at any price,
 Now let us look at situation the angle c1UPPOsE there is general industrial activity with D in the montand wishes more ardenty than the dealer This general activity would mean course larger production of steam coal with correspond ing increase in the output of domestic coal
 DUT the revival even if it should come immediately will be ID late bring the supply of domestic coal to the de- created by the general prosperity which will release the great body domestic all sections served by the mines District from the necessity of stnt- ing themselves in the of the article which more es sena any other the health and comfort of the family in cold weather
 Such being the case, there would be SCRAMBLE FC in which the consumers themselves would boost prices delivery of on short notice would be practically impo
 THE result would be that those who have delayed in lay
 their winter with the expectation of lower prices upon endure harhps and possibly affctons for which saving in money could compensate.
 In any event. it is reasonable to expect that not be easy to get coal next winter. Be wise and buy your coal now, assuring delivery and protecting yourself and family
 Greater Birming ham
 n n
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19
CENTENARY MOVEMENT

Committees from the various Method ist churches in the Ensley district oan- vassed the members in the interest of the centenary movement yesterday after noon. The men went in automobiles and were able to cover the district during the afternoon
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19

Dr. Edmunds Bennett, rector of St. Johns Episcopal church, gave a review of the recent meeting of the diocese which met in Selma during the course of his sermon yesterday morning. Rev. Ben nett, with five laymen from St. Johns. attended the meeting. He was appointed to audit the accounts of the Episcopal orphnnage at Mobile and will combine business with pleasure in his trip there. as he was pastor of Trinity Pass church there for 10 VearS.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19
SHRINE CLUB

An interesting meeting of the Shrine club was held Sunday afternoon at 5 o'clock at the Masonic temple, There was a large attendance, and the club unanimously indorsed the drive of the Salvation Army, and members will assist in making it a success. It was decided at the meeting that the Shrine club would lease the Grand theatre from the manager Thursday, and the proceeds derived from the operation of the theatre will be devoted to the furnishing of the clubroomS.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19

The Mothers club of the Vivian Meth odist church will present Dr. George Stu art in humorous lecture a the Masonic hall temple.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19

The bands of the First Baptist church will meet as follows this afternoon Highland, Mrs. J. c. Brumbaugh Help CTS, Mrs. J. B. Tolbert; Workers. Mrs A. F. Almgren
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-19

Misses May McCord and Mis- Alice Van DeVoort will entertain the members of the Culture club at the last meeting Of the season at the res.cence of Mrs. $. P Harris, 22O0 Clarendon avenue, Thurs day afternoon at 3 30 o'clock. A very in- teresting programme has been arranged, and several visitors will be present. With the added inspiration gained from the recent meeting of the Second District federation it is planned to make the last meeting of the season the most pleasant.
 The Wednesday Music club will hold a meeting at the residence of Mrs. E. l.. Huey Wednesday afternoon at 3:30 o'clock Music by French composers will be featured on the programme for the afternoon.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

sssosas1etodsss - =. - lGssssaA -
sssiAts s11ter. II charge q ~ sds.
torial paes OF the Timss-A Republican,
or OF w. B, wfidman. in chsrgs Of the
telegraph news pages, who remAins a.
head OF this department. Miss Mar
garet Statler also remains ~ society
reporter. under the direction OF the
new city editor.
More Time 70 Othsr interssts.
Mr.. Morris other business interests
have become so numerous that he
hnds II necessary to unload the detail
Of every day supervision of the Times
Republican. For several years Mr.
wells has been the acting managing
editor for months Mt a time. when Mt
Norris was out OF the city, but he also
had to carry the detail Of the city
editors department. The change Will
now relieve him of department detail
and give the time needed for general
supervision OF the news production or
the Times Republican, Effective to-
day he la the managing editor OF this
newspaper at all times.
On June l Mr.. Wells will move his
desk TO the office room now occupied
by Mr.. Norris. who will be absent
from the city during most Of the sum-
mer looking after his lands. One year
from this coming summer the Times
Republican expects to build new
plant on it's 10. opposite the post Office,
when tho new building will include
private offices for Mr.. Norris In the
conduct OF his personal affairs. apart
from the general editorial offices OF
the Times Republican.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
NO QU|NINE IN
THIS COLD CURE
"PApE's COLD COMPOUND" ENDS
COLDS AND GRIPPE IN A
FEW HOURS.

Take "Pape's Cold Compound" every
two hours until you have taken three
doses. then all grippe misery goes and
your cold will be broken. II promptly
opens your clogged- up nostrlls and air
passages OF the head: stops nasty dis
charge or nose running. relieves the
headache, dullness, feverishnoss, sore
throat, sncezing soreness and stiffness.
Don't stay stuffed up! Quit blowing
and snuffling. Ease your throbbing
head-nothing else In the world gives
such prompt relief as "Pape's Cold
Compound" which costs only a few
cents at any drug store. 1t acts with
out assistance. tastes nice. and causes
no inconvenience. Accept no substitute.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
c. WELLS BECOMES
MANAGING EDITOR AND y. }.
RoDoERs CITY EDITOR.
J. A. MNHlrAcRg succEGps
RopoERs IN CITY FIELD
Two New Men Added TO Force in
Both Telegraph and City News De.
partms nts - Changes Made Owing
70 other Duslnsss Interests Of o. W.
Norris, Former Managing Editor.

With the advent OF two young col
iege men recently mustered out Of the
army, who have Joined the editorial
force Of the Times Republican. a re-
alignment Of duties has taken place
In the T.-R. office. Rodney c. Wells,
city editor for the past sixteen years,
becomes managing editor, a position
which he has been filling for several
years past at intervals. when D. w.
Norris was absent from his office.
H. ]. Rodgers. assistant to the city
editor, and with the newspaper since
Mr.. Wells has been city editor. be-
comes city editor In charge OF the
local reporting force. Joseph A.
Whitacre, assistant to the telegraph
and Iowa news editor. is transferred
to the local news department. to be-
come assistant to the city editor. the
position vacated by Mr.. Rodgers. Mr.
Whitacre has been with the Times
Republican for the past eight years.
New Men In Two Departments.
Mr.. Whitacre is succeeded on the
ltIeSTupH anu IOWA News "OGh w -.
c. Clifton, Of Sutherland, who arrived
Wednesday to assist w. B. Wildman.
who has long been at the head Of this
department. Mr.. Clifton is a Grinnell
College graduate Of the class Of 1916.
He was editor and also business man
ager of the Scarlet and Black. at
school, and served eight months in
Co. l., Third Battalion. Chemical War
fare Service. stationed at Edgewood
Arsenal, Maryland. as a chemist and
still operator fabricating poisonous
gas. He has chosen the newspaper
business for his career
Mr.. Pierce arrived last week to do
local news reporting and grow in the
newspaper business as fast as hard
work will accomplish. He Is grad
uate Of the Clarinda high school. class
Of 1915, attended Drake University for
two years, and enlisted in the S. A. T.
c., Section B, being stationed at
Purdue University, Indiana.
No change is made in the duties or
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
MORE INDICTMENTS
True Bile Rstvrnst Assinst Eleven
Psrse~s BY Grand Jury-lsst "
Those indicted 10 Arrested.

With the arrest today of Jessey Ar
onibas. the last OF the persons indiet.
ed by the grand jury was taken into
custody, making a total of eleven per-
sons against whom true bills were re-
turned. Six arrests were made We'd
nesday afternoon and this morning.
Arenibas, taken into custody tbs
morning, was indicted for selling liquor
contrary to law. His arraignment
in district court was set for today.
Agenibas has figured frequently In
recent legal lanslcs, first appearing
with his wife. Silva Arenibas, In an
effort to secure the custody OF the la.-
tcr's 5-ycars- old son, Roy Westerfield,
now In possession Of Mrs. Arenibas'
mother. Mrs. Joe Strada. A writ Of
habeas corpus was asked, and the case
was taken under advisement, no de-
cision having as yet been announced.
Following closely in the wake of this
suit Arenibas caused the arrest OF his
wife, whom he charged with adultery
The woman was arraisned In Justice
Burritt's court, but proceedings were
temporarily dropped
Chris Palmas and Tom Fotopoulas,
proprietors OF the Pure Food Luncn
room, were arrested Wednesday after
noon on an indictment charging them
with keeping a place resorted to for
the purpose Of gambling. When ar
raigned in court the defendants asked
time in which to plead.
Rex Houghton Eldon Durham and
Ronald Alvey, three young men Of AL
bion. were taken into custody Wednes-
day on an indictment charging assault
with intent to commit great bodily In
jury. The case Is the outgrowth Of an
alleged attack on another Albion lad.
When arraigned the boys asked time to
plead. and were released on bonds.
F. w. Brewer, whose indictment
previously has been announced, was
arraigned Wednesday and pleaded not
guilty to the charge OF assault with
intent to commit great bodily injury.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
THREE HOMES PLACARDEO.
Four Others Released from, Quarantine
in Past Twenty-four Hours.

in Past Twenty-four Hours.
There was little change today in the
influenza epidemic In this city. three
homes having been placed under quar-
antine and four homes released from
quarantine restrictions in the twenty
four hours ending at noon. Five pa
tients were released by the removal OF
the restrictions in the four homes, ana
during the twenty four hour period
two deaths resulted. There were no
new cases at the Red Cross hospital,
and no patients were dismissed, thefe
still being seven under treatment.
At noon today there were sixty ono
cases of influenza in the city. two less
than at the same hour Wednesday, ana
forty eight homes were under quaran-
tine, as against forty mine at noon
Wednesday.
Mrs. Daniel A. Yeager, 210 South
Fifth avenue: Mrs. Graham Law
renee. 3 North Ninth street. and Mrs.
James McNaify. Z West Webster
street were reported i'll with the dis
ease.
The quarantine was lifted from the
homes of Mrs. c. +. Schmidt. IFS North
Second street, where Mrs. F. r.
Schmidt was i'll with the disease; J. r.
Hoover, I'LL West Boone street; Rus
sell Ruef All West Railroad street.
and J. w. Pursel, II South Center
street, where Miss Nita Pursel and
Miss Lena Wilson have been i'll Of the
disease
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
aatesole Grocery.

A few of our regular prices to COM
pare with what you have been paying
and see what you can save by trading
with US.
10 pound sack Iowa buckwheat, 9Oc.
10 lb. sack N. Y. buckwheat, Ito.
4 good broom "a specially 66c.
Tall milk, per can 15c.
Hubbard squash, per pound, &c.
No. 3 can hominy 15c.
No. 3 can kraut 15c.
No. 3 can pumpkin 15c.
Fancy No. flat red salmon S5c.
Nice red onions per bu. $50.
Fresh country butter per ID. 5oc.
Two quart jar mixed pickles. 2Oc.
Large dill pickles per doz. zoe
Raspberies. blackberries and straw
berries In heavy syrup, per can. soc.
Rlaffa syrup. Il gal, SOC.
We solicit share OF your patronage
and few trial orders will convince
you that you can save money by trad
ing with us. quality and service con-
sidered. Free delivery to any part OF
the city. Phone $50. Batesole Gro
Gerry, 20 North First avenue.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
At the Hospitals,

Mrs. J. G. Buchanan, Of the Crown
apartments, submitted to an operation
for appendicitis this morning at the
Deaconess. She Is doing nicely.
Mrs. Earl Waltemeyer, Of Rhodes,
underwent laparotomy Wednesday
at ST. Thomas. Her condition is good
Ebert Patterson sol East Linu
street, submitted to an operation for
hernia at st. Thomas. He is doing
nicely.
Mrs. Alfred Peterson, five miles
northeast Of the city, Is a patient at
st. Thomas for diagnosis.
Miss Velma Lewis, Of Ferguson, is
at st. Thomas, where Friday morning
she will submit to q laparotomy.
A slight Improvement is noticeable
in the condition Of Irwin Rubenbaucr.
of LeGrand, who is seriously i'll at st.
Thomas. suffering with general infec-
ton following influenza.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
Home Entsrsd Watch Stolen.

William Biggs, dispenser employed at
the Wachter confectionery, is regret
ting the loss Of q valuable watch, be-
lieved to have been taken from his
home, %01 South Second street, some
time Monday night or Tuesday morn
ing. Suffering from a severe cold, Mr..
Biggs went to bed early, leaving his
watch on a table near window. Tho
next morning the watch was missing,
but Mr.. Btggs' purse, containing SIS
or $50. and liberty bonds and book
Of war stamps in a nearby dresser
drawer were not molested. Mr. Biggs
believes some one raised the window
near the table, took the watch, and
escaped thru the window. He does not
believe the work that Of professional
thisS as nothing but the watch was
taken.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
Notjce 70 the Public.

The Marshalltown Bottling Works
have purchased all bottles. cases, ma
chinery in fact the entire equipment of
the Bernstein BottlinC Company, and
all out standing cases and bottles
must be returned to the Marshalltown
3 'ne Works Please notify the
- phone AZ. If you have or
= cases and bottles. and
.tu : call fo.. same. Bailey
ar 80 Pop,
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

We hs"e mplete line Of Voss
electric and power washing machines
in the peg and vacuum dash with sta
tionary. swinging and sliding wringers,
tubs with and without platforms, also
self draining rinsing tubs. 1t will be
worth your while to see these machines
in operation. Schmidt Hardware Com
pany.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

.. y Tulela 1oWGeeg on1 eoeoD0nA
- y
Drink Coifax water and heep ~
Phone ~. The Bailey HoyA
William Mccollough. OF WehstAr
City was In The city "Wednesday.
The Carworkcrs' Auxiliary viii meet
Friday afternoon with Mrs. r. II.
Grim, 4Os south Third street.
Wanted -Four nurses. three dining
room maids. and two cleaners. Apply
at hospital, Iowa soldiers Home
Skecl's orchestra viii play for
aiillcrS' moonlight dance. All new
music, Jan. "a. Shrubs new hall.-Ad-
vertisement.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

CITY IN BRIEF
Bring your Watches IN Hodsss.

Read advertisement In Post pase &c
then come to Chamberlain optometrls,
for kryptok glasses. Advertisement.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

then come to Chamberlain optometrist
for kryptok glasses Advertisement.
Kimball pianos, monographs. will 90
sold ut sacrifice next ten days. al
the Morrissey music house. II East
Church street.
Mrs. Iuleimo Carter and son James
went Wednesday to Clinton 10 visit
Tor a week or ten days With Mr.. and
Mrs. Leroy Jones,
Mrs, Marshall Ogan, lOs South
Ninth street, who has been svery
seriously Ill OF toxemia, Is improv'
ing, her condition having shown more
announcement both "Wednesday and
today.
In order To meet the demand for "A
high-gradc cylinder type OF electric
washing machine we have taken the
exclusive agency for the Thor electric
washer for Marshalltown and vicinity,
Schmidt Hardware Company.
--==-==- -
REG. and Mrs. Frank Gowland are
parents of a daughter born Wednes-
aay evening at the home of Mrs. Cow
lands parents, Mr.. and Mrs. W. II,
Levi. 300 South sixth stree. The
babe is Mr., and Mrs. Gowlands first
born.
MIR. and Mrs. A. s, Van Osdol, Of
Fort Worth, Tex, arrived in the city
wednesday evening and will Wis.,. for
n few days with Mrs. Van Oslol's bro
Their, Harry Hopkins and sis!cr. Mrs.
Achton Windtberg. MIR. and Mrs. Os-
dol are on their way home from a visit
in illinois.
City Solicitor H. II, Craney. mustered
out of service at jefferson Barracks,
No., few days ago. returned to this
city Wednesday. leaving Wednesday
afternoon for Independence, where he
will visit relatives for n few days be-
fore returning here to resume his du-
ties as city solicitor and his law prac-
tice. Mr.. Craney was attached to the
ordnance department at Jefferson Bar
racks.
The funeral Of Mrs. r. 8. Mundell
was held from the residence at Albion
Wednesday morning at 10 o'clock.
Rev. A. B. Soule having charge Of the
services. The pail bearers were H. ].
Reidell. II. n. Pratz, r. w. Hill,
Frank Stevens, B. F. Frailey, and A.
c. Thompson. Mr.. and Mrs. G. II.
Mundell and children, Of Ottumwa.
We're in attendance at the funeral.
Burial was In the Marietta cemetery.
Mrs. J. p. Hayes. of Boone. received
a telegram Tuesday morning from New
York, notifying her Of the death Of her
husband, due to a cerebral hemorrn-
age. Mr.. Hayes had been In the east
for over a month and Mrs. Hayes has
been staying in this city at the home
of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Orville
Holcomb, 51S1a Bromley street. Mrs.
Hayes went TO Boone Tuesday night
to make funeral arrangements. Inter-
ment will be at Boone,
Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Williams enter
tanned thirty-five friends and relatives
Tuesday evening at their home sovrh
of town, in honor of Mr.. Williams
brother, Emmett Williams. who recent
ly was discharged from overseas SER
vice at Camp Dodge. Games and music
with piano numbers by Miss Gladys
Payne and Miss Leila Shiflett and
guessing contest, in which prizes were
won by Miss Margaret Tune and Will
liam Weber, formed the evenings d.
version. At the close Mrs. Williams
served a three course lunch, assisted
by Mrs Milton Wright, Miss Iva Will
liams and Miss Bess Poyne. Decora-
tons in red, white and blue were used
thru the rooms.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

kimball pianos, Photographs. will 90
sold at sacrifice next ten days. al
the Morrissey music house, II East
Church street.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

Mrs. Xuleime Carter and son James
went Wednesday to Clinton 10 visit
FOR week or ten days with Mr.. and
AIRS, Leroy Jones.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

In order 10 meet the demand for "A
hish-sradc cylinder type OF electric
washing machine we have taken the
exclusive agency for the Thor electric
washer for Marshalltown and vicinity.
Schmidt Hardware COMPANY.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
OBITUARY..
Brown.

6FoWn.
Mrs. LA Ruth Brown. wife of E. f.
Brown, of the Sanitary grocery, died
at the Brown apartmentsh over 1875
West Main street, at o'clock Wednes-
day of pneumonia following influenza
Complaining the illness was the pre-
mature birth Of a baby son Saturday
night. The babe was born dead.
Mrs. Brown was born Harkns at
Monteith, Guthrie county, July 5. 1892.
She became the wife of Mr.. Brown at
Menlo May 81, 1911. In addition to
her husband Mrs. Brown is survived
by her mother, Mrs. Hattie HarkinS
Of Monteith, and two brothers. The
latter are W. C. Harkins. who is with
the army in France, and Fred r. Far-
kins, Of Livingston, Mont.
The body will be taken to Monteith
Saturday for burial.
Lipps.
Mrs. Alba Lips, former resident
of this county and a native of LeGrand
died at 1880 o'clock Wednesday after
noon, at Lake Geneva, MINI. Death
was due to pneumonia, following in
fluenza.
Mrs. Lipps was born Josephine
Erickson at LeGrand. She was united
in marriage with Mr.. Lipps at Parkers-
burg, eleven years ago.
The body will arrive in this city
Friday evening at $3.50 and burial will
be in Riverside Saturday morning.
Thorn.
Evelyn Mildred, S-year-old daughter
of Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Thorn, sos
South Fourth street, died at $50
o'clock this morning Of influenza, fol-
lowing a short illness. The child was
born in this city March z. 1915. Burial
probably will take place Saturday
forenoon in Riverside.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
chmidt Hardware Company.

REG. and Mrs, Frank Gowland are
parents of daughter, born Wednes-
aay evening at the home of Mrs. Cow
lands parents, Mr.. and Mrs. W. II,
Levi. 300 South sixth stree. The
babe is Mr. and Mrs, Gowlond's first
born
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23
ANOTHER BOY TO ELDoRA.

LOUIS Gianetto, OF This City, Commit
ted to Training School.
Louis Gianetto, aged II, an italian
lad Of this city, Wednesday was order
ed committed to the training school
at Eldora by Judge B. F. Cummings,
in Juvenile court. 1t was charged that
the lad refused to go to school, was
without discipline and disregarded his
fathers instructions. Giannetto will
be taken to Eldora Friday.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

Mrs. Marshall ogan, 1903 South
Ninth street, who has been syery
seriously Ill OF toxemia, Is improy'
ing, her condition having shown more
announcement both "Wednesday and
today.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-23

MIR. and Mrs. A. $. Van Osdol, Of
Fort Worth, Tex. arrived in the city
Wednesday evening and will Wis.,. for
n few days with Mrs. Van Osdors bro
Their, Harry Hopkins and sis!cr, Mrs.
Achton Windtberg. MIR. and Mrs. Os-
dol are on their way home from visit
in l,)nois.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-22
Best Swimmers En the Country Will Compete Here Sunday,
 August 3.

No little interest in the sports world is expressed i'm the announcement of the huge Water Sports CarhlVal to pc given by the Board of RecreaCon un- der the auspices of the United states Volunteer Life Saving Corps, at sea side Par kon Sunday, August at 1880 in the afternoon. Meuopolta1r championship swimmers, both men and women, who have made a record in their daring swimming perform ances, are among the first entrees
 Leo Geibel, Tedford H. Cann' Her bert VollIner, Clarence ROSS, all at tainers of astonishing recoros III the swimming world, and such promin- ent mermaids as Charlotte Boyle, Helen wainright, Aileen Rigg1n. Ber- tha Tompkins, Ruth and Eleanor Smith, Athe1da. B1eithley, Helen Mea- ney, Alice Ford and Katherine Brown. have entered for the Metropolitan championship 100 yards.
 The Metropolitan diving cham pionship will be from a 15 and 20 foot platform and the city championship. 200 yards, will be open to city resi- dents only.
 Officials in charge are Frederick w. Rubein, secretary-treasurer of the A. A. U. of America, honorary ref cree; Chris J. Dalton, N. Y. A. C.. Justice of the Supreme Court, ref cree; Lou de Hambley, coach of New York women's Swimming aBocia- ion; Otto Whale. chairman of the