davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04

has mace the nations ready to
put aside their differences and CO.
operate TO end war forever
1t is not enough, however, to pro-
vide for the prevention of wars and
the settlement of disputes after they
have arisen. We must foresee causes
of trouble and remove them before
they have reached an acute stage
Hence there must he provision for fire.
quent consultations of members of the
league for exchange of information
for agreement on common policies and
FOR the gradual formation of rules of
international law which at present are
uncertain and incomplete
The representatives Of the great
free nations which won the war have
met at Paris and, after long consulta-
tion, have drawn an agreement which
they believe will accomplish these
ends. AT the very least it will set in
motion great changes which will re-
suit in universal benefit to all man
kind. This agreement is called the
Covenant Of the League of Nations
and 1t is part of the peace treaty.
There will be no league worth talk
ing about, however. unless the United
States Is member. The decision as
to whether the United States shall
join rests with our Senate. The Sena-
tors, chosen by the people, will in the
end vote as the people desire. For
this reason the people themselves will
decide whether or not the United
States will join the league In this
question every citizen should have q
voice. He or she can express opinion
either by writing direct to Senator's,
by letters to the newspapers, by
speeches in his lodge or local union OF
In conversation with friends.
Methods Of Maintaining Peace.
Since the prime object of the
League of Nations is to preserve peace
and to reap the benefits of peace
let us see how the league will operate
to accomplish that purpose.
In the first place it will seek to re-
move the main causes of war. BY the
formation Of an international court it
will create q means for the peaceful
settlement of disputes between ma
tions. Then it will seek to compel the
nations to make use of this court.
This is nothing more nor less than an
application of the rules and customs
governing private individuals in civil
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04
Surprise for Mrs. Sherman.

The A. X. X. Sunday school class
OF the Presbyterian church of
which Mrs. E. M. Sherman has been
teacher for some years, met at her
home last Monday night in regular
monthly session. After the bust
ness session and study of the bib.
lie, a social hour followed in which
the class gave Mrs. Sherman, who
leaves with her husband and fam
lily for Long Beach, Calf, to spend
the winter, pleasant little sur
prise by "csenting her casserole.
Mrs. w. 1. Kidder succeeds Mrs.
Sherman as teacher of the class.
Fourteen young ladies were in at
tendance
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04
On Peace Pact on Eve of
Presidents Tour.
FORTY.TWo ARE FOR THE
TREATY FOURTEEN AGAINST
Twenty-Scven Arc Favorable /, Ex-
teeme Reservations and Thirteen
for Mild Reservstions-Lineup
in Upper United States Congress.

The following news dispatch is
taken from this mornings Denver
Post.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 3.-The
situation in the senate on the
peace treaty on the eve of the pres
ident's speechmaking tour is resolv-
ed into four grOups-thOse for the
treaty as it stands; those against
it; those who will vote for it if ex-
treme reservations or amendments
are made and the senators who
will vote for it if mild reservations
are made. The groups are as fol
lows:
For the treaty-42; Ashurst,
Bankhead, rBeckham, Chamberlain,
Culbertson, Dial, Fletcher, Gay,
Gerry, Harris, Harrison, Henderson
Hitchcock, johnson IS. d., Jones
IN. Nj, Kendick, King, Kirby,
McCumber, McKellar, Martin, Mug
ent, Overman, Owen, Phelan, Pitt
man, Pomerene, Ransdell, Robin
son, Sheppard, Simmons, Smith IS.
g., Smith (Ga.), Smith (Md.),
Smith 1Ariz), Stanley, Swanson,
Trammell, Underwood, Walsh
tMOnt.), Williams, WOlcOtt.
Against the treaty-14; Borah,
Brandegee Fall, Frelinghuysen,
Gronna, johnson tCalif.),, Knox, La
Toilette, Mccormick, Moses, New,
POindexter Reed, Sherman.
For extreme reservations-27
Ball, Calder, Curtis, Dillingham;,
Edge, Elkins, Fernald, France,
CONTINUED on Page q
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04

The plan for a League Of Ma
tions Is based on a few simple
principles, which are not hard
to understand when lifted out
of the morass Of technical discus
sion and freed from legal and
diplomatic language. AS the
one authority best able to pre-
sent these points without par
tisan bias, ex-President Taft
has been asked to put the
league idea into few plain
words for the benefit OF millions
Of Americans who desire bet
ter understanding of the plan
but find themselves confused by
the debate in the United States
Senate. In response to this le-
quest he has written the follow
ing article.
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04

how large an army we should need.
The third important safeguard
which the League will set up Is sys-
TEN of penalties. This will make an
outlaw Of any nation or group Of ma
tions which goes to war in violation
of the rules of the League. The out
Continued on Page ~
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04
Purpose Of the League.

The chief purpose of the League Of
Nations is to keep the world in a
state of peace Another way Of ex-
pressing 1t is to say that the league
is designed to prevent wars.
We have just finished the greatest,
which is to say the most horrible, of
all conflicts between nations. We
have won glorious victory. But that
victory will be wasted unless this war
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04
Document Without UnneC.
essary Verbia9e.
MANY PEOPLE CONFUSED
By CONGRESSIONAL DEBATE
Ex-Prssidsnt Says the Danger Is
That Public Viii. Lose Sight Of
Basic Principles During Consider
alton of Complicated Details.

tsy ex-Presid.nt william II. T.ft.)
The Holly chieftain., 1919-09-04

CONTINUED on Page .
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
FIGHTING AT
KRASN0YANSK,
REPORT SAYS
Russian Troops Had Clash
With Bolshevik Contin-
gents in Siberia.

Krasnoyansk, Siberia, Sunday. Jan.
5.-(By The Associated Press.)-
When trains carrying Allied forces
westward over the trans Siberian rail-
way reached this city situated on the
left bank Of the Yenesei river. they
found that Russian troops had been
fighting against Bolshevist contin-
gents about ten miles to the south
ward. First reports of the fighting
were received when the trains reach
ed Kliuckinskaya. forty miles to the
east. At that point wounded Rus
slams were found. These men were
given aid by Canadian surgeons and
were brought here.
According to a Russian colonel.
Bolshevist forces numbering about
1000 were entrenched in villages to
the south, being equipped with can
non and machine guns Russian
troops advanced against them. This
force, numbering about 500, was re-
pulsed. The heavy SNOW prevented
artillery from being brought up to
support the advance. In the mean
time the Bolshevists In a neighoring
village attacked and there were
casualties on both sides. Tho gener-
said. & 81
At IrkItsk It xas learned that GEN
eral Semenon had advanced from
verkhne Udinsk to Misavaya. There
was some apprehension there ss to IN
attempt to send troops further west
rs the situa tiOn ~ uncertain and civil
war 10 general u Eastern Siberia
IT was said that unless rthe railroad
10 defended W American and Allied
troops there y danger that Omlsk Vsill
be cat on from YlaAivestcA.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
Revision OF Motor
Vehicle Law Planned

Bismarck, N. D.. Jan. 1.-THE
Nonpartisan league, contemplates an
absolute revision of the motor We
hicle registration law, so that it will
take it out Of the hands of the secre-
=, state entirely. Under the
proposed bill. the licenses are to be
issued by the county treasurer, the
highway commission will buy the tags
and the tax commission will admins
lister the laNyaefs s.s4tss.f Z;
A change is contemplated in the
manner Of charging fees. Instead of
fixing them according to horsepower,
as now is done, they will be deter
mined by the value and capacity.
Pleasure cars are to be taxed accord
ing to the dealers value, taxis' and
carrying buses are to be taxed accord
ing to the capacity and trucks are to
be taxed according to tonnage ca
pacity.
The tax on pleasure cars the first
year is two per cent Of the dealers
value, and each year thereafter it will
be based on the list price.
'One-third of the tax is to remain
in the county and the other two
thirds will go to the highway COM
mission, as under the present law.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
Question Of Releasing Allied.
Soldiers in Delicate
Stage.
Issue of Food Contracts is
Not Yet Satisfactorily
Decided.

Paris, Jan. 11.-Georgcs Glenn
enceau, premier of France, will
be the permanent president of
the inter-Allied peace conference
us q mark of proper tribute to- the
premier of the country in which
the conference is held. President
Wilson and the American dele
ment, which is by common con-
sent of all the delegates.
Paris, Jan. 11.-President Wilson.
while awaiting for the opening of
conversations with the premiers of
the Allied nations has been devoting
himself to study Of the food situation,
the acute question of rehabilitation
and the extent to which he will sup
port the claims Italy is expected will
make at the peace congress. American
participation in Allied Intervention in
Russia and Poland and other coun-
are problems also considered.
It is understood that Mr.. Wilson
has informed Premier Orlando of
Italy as to his attitude relative to
Italian aspirations east of the Adri-
attic. 1t may be said that the presi-
dents decisions as to this question
can be described as only part en-
dorsement of Italy's claims. He is
not expected to approve Italian dom.
probably support Italy's demand that
her eastern coast be made safe from
military threats. Jugo-Slav claims
have also received earnest considera-
ton. 7
There is a collateral issue in con-
nection with the food situation which
vitality concerns the economic situa-
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
72KILLED IN
STRIKE RIOTS
IN ARGENTINE
Machine Guns Freely Used
on Men-City is Quieting
Down Somewhat.

Buenos Aires, Jan. 11.-Seventy-
two persons were killed, 81 were
wounded and more than 800 received
minor injuries in the fighting which
occurred here yesterday and last night
as a result of the general strike, ac-
cording to figures compiled this morn
ing. Firing was incessant in all parts
of the city from o'clock until mid
night.
General Dellepaine, who assumed
military dictatorship last night, called
the strike committee of the regional
labor federation before him and or
dered it to bring to him the schedule
of demands on which the federation
will agree to settle the strike.
Heavy government forces are oc-
cupying the postoffice, and seem to
have matters we'll in hand.
Soon after General Dellepaine took
charge of affairs he ordered fire to
be opened on strikers who were at
tacking the building. He said this
morning that attacks were made on
several police stations but that all
were repulsed.
The congressional place was the
scene of hot fighting, in which the
government troops were successful
only by the free use of machine guns
The Palaza Mayo, in front of the
government palace. is filled with
troops and the forces guarding the
executive offices are too strong to be
attacked.
A telegram passed by the censor
reports one person dead and fifty
wounded in clash between police
and striking street railway men al
Mendoza.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
WOULD HURRY
RATl|FYINC OF
AMENDMENTS
o'connor of Grand Forks
Asks Study of Resolu-
tons Before Passage.
BURTNESS FAVORS
IMPORTANT BILL
Measure. Provides for Non
partisan Ballot For
Officials
(By STAFF Correspondent. !.

Bismarck. N. D.. Jan. 1.-THE
program Of the Nonpartisan league
leaders today is to pass concurrent
resolutions ratifying the amendments @
10 the state constitution. and then
hurry action in the senate. so that
the legislature can be placed on rec
ora before the supreme court acts
next Tuesday. When ratification Of
amendments came up in the house
tnls afternoon, Representative O'Con-
nor or Grand Forks asked that such
that they could be thoroughly studied
and discussed before final action was
TAKEN "'''
The leagues big bills, providing for
an industrial commission to put state
owned utilities program in operation
ana for the establishment of North
dakota state bank, will be introduced
IN the house by the state affairs COM
mlttee. The bills were read to the
caucus last night by President A. c.
IoWnley and were thoroughly ex-
planned. Members were told that
tney must line up solidly behind them
Tor the whole program Of the league
depended upon their enactment es-
pecially the enactment of the state in
dustrlal commission measure.
Representative o. B. Burtness of
"a Hho SAAAo oASCIuOOH 1HITOs
duced an important bill providing for
la Nonpartisan ballot for the state
and county officials at the primary
and general elections. This is a step
the league avoided in its first years
Of operation, but one that has not
been mentioned since it gained con-
troll of state affairs. AS companion
bill. Peterson of Sargent county intro
duced bill repeating the provisions
OF the law requiring registration of
party affiliation. by. assessors. Election
contest from Stark county will be
placed before, the house Tuesday
when depositions in the. case involving
the title Of Murtha and Roquette to
their seats win. be filed. The deposi-
tions disclose that in Belfield, Stark
county, the election officials took bal
lots from the polling places to voters
sick in their homes and that in
Hungary township this same plan
was adopted. If these votes in both
precincts are thrown out by, the
house, Murtha and Roquette still
would have a majority vote over Non.
Ipaytisan candidates. who are contest
ing in Belfield. Murtha and Roquette
had q heavy vote; while in Hungary
the vote was solidly for the Nonparti.
san candidates.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
Telegraphiic Briefs

:. 4
washington-The injunction suit
brought against Postmaster General
Burleson to restrain him from taking
over cable lines. was dismissed by
Federal Judge Hand.
Washington-There were sixty
three aces in the American air forces
in France, Captain Eddie Ricken-
hacker being the premier with 26
planes to his credit.
Observation-Disclosures paraded be-
fore the grand duchal palace and re-
quested the abdication of the grand
duchess and the establishment Of a
republic.
! Chicago-The Republican National
committee decided to appeal to Re-
publicans Of the country to erect a
permanent memorial to Theodore
Roosevelt.
Stockholm - General Ludendorf
has applied to the, Swedish govern
ment for permission for himself and
wife to stay a short time in Sweden.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
WALKER D. HINES
HEADSRAlLR0AD
IN NIHlSC0UNTRY
Former Assistant Director
is, s,Appointed. Director
General.

Los Angeles, CAL, Jan. 11.-Walker
D. Hines, assistant director general OF
railroads was appointed director gen.
eral today by President Wilson to sue
ceed William G. McAdoo. s
Notice of the appointment, cabled
to the White House by President VIII
son reached Mr.. McAdoo by telegraph
last night at Winslow, Arizona, when
the retiring director general passed
through that the town on his way to
Los Angeles.
Washington. Jan. 11.-walter D.
Hines, assistant director of railroads,
has been appointed director general
by President Wilson, succeeding Will
liam G. McAdoo who now retires to
private life.
Mr.. Hines, who was recommended
by Mr.. McAdoo, is an advocate Of the
latter's plan for five years. continue
ton Of government control to provide
test period, and has supported most
of the policies of the retiring director
general with whom he has been as
sociated throughout the last year of
government management. He is ac-
credited with having originated many
policies Of the railroad administra-
ton. If congress does not enact new
railroad leglelatlOn at any early date
Mr.. Hines favors returning the roads
at once to private management, and
this Is expected to develop into a
strongly contested, issue within the
next month. or two.
/. Announcement of the appointment.
which does not need to be confirmed
by the senate. was made today by Mr..
McAdoo in the west on Z vacation trip
to Los Angeles. The news reached
the White House from the president
by cable last night and was telegraph
ed to Mr.. McAdoo at Winslow, Ariz.
Until he became a member OF, the
railroad administration stan a year
ago, the new director general was
chairman of the Santa Fe; and was
one Of the youngest railroad execu-
tives in the country. He IL now 4S
years of age. He became ainliated
with railroads as lawyer MSS A
Since Mr.. McAdoo,s departure Nr.
Hines has given particular attention
to the marine workers' strike In New
York. l.s;s i .sy
Mr.. Hines salary probably will bs
determined by the president. Mr.. Mo-
Adoo divided his time between the
duties OF secretary Of the treasury, ana
director general and received no com
pensation for the latter ONCE. .5y..
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
IN TAX
LEVYDNC OVER
STATE PLANNED
Important Feature of Non
party Program is Bill Pro
viding For Income Tax

Bismarck, N. D., Jan. 1.-THE
Nonpartisan leagues tax program
calls for a number of sweeping
changes in the methods of levying
North Dakota taxes. One of the most
important departures is a bill provid-
ing for state income tax law.
The measure provides for a sliding
scale, beginning with $1,000, on
earned and unearned incomes. While
not definitely determined, it is be-
lieved that the tax on the $1,000 in
come will be one-quarter of one per
cent. The rate progresses up to 10
per cent on incomes Of $4,000 and
over. The progressive tax applies on
ly to the income Of persons, there be-
ing fiat three per cent slevied on all
corporations, the reason being, of
course, that the property of corpora
tions already is taxed. On railroads,
the tax would be on theFstate's share
Of the net income, apportioned on a
mileage basis.
A provision is made for the pay
ment Of the tax at the source. For
instance, tax, on bonds and stocks,
would be held out by the bank hand
ling it. The tax on a man salary al
so will be held out by the firm paying
it, This provision is very similar to
the one in the Wisconsin law.
There are no exemptions on un-
earned incomes.
This tax is to take the place Of the
personal property tax, but does not
abolish it, as one can pay ones i'm.
come tax with personal property tax
receipts. For instance, if ones per-
sonal property tax is $500 and ones
income tax $40, one simply would
present the receipt for $500 for per-
sonal property tax and pay SIS. If
the personal property tax is greater
than the income tax, no income tax
will be paid
The tax does not apply to land, that
being taxed the same as at present.
The bill also creates a supervisor of
income taxes for each county. He al
SO will have supervision of all assess
ments in the county. His salary is
not to exceed $1,50o. This tax super
visor is to be appointed by the tax
commission. The tax will be collect
ed through the treasurer, and appor-
toned on the assessed valuation.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
Wilson Cables Asking
HarbOrmen To Return
Pending Settlement
committed himself on the issues in

committed himself on the issues in
volved."
; 1t was the sentiment of the men to
return to work, said Capatin Maher,
If they received an official notifica.
ton from the war labor board
couched in language indicating that
it would make a decision and have
lit enforced.">
The strikers executive committee.
after several minutes discussion Of
ron the table. Captain Mayer, vice
president of the Masters and Pilots
association, said that the marine
workers felt they could take. no action
regarding reported Intervention by
the war labor board until. that body
had informed them what IL proposed.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
MORESOLDIERS
RETURNED FROM
GERMAN PRISON
Four North Dakota Men
Mentioned in Today's.
List of Releases.

Washington, Jan. 11.-News Of
Americans who have been released
from German prison camps and who
have returned to France were an
nounced today by the war department
as follows:
Enlisted Men.
Otto Mie1ke, Springfield, Mimi
Claude e. Morse, Byron, Mich.
John p. Rolfseng, Webster. Minn.
Warner w. Chreiman. 1924 Port.
land avenue. Minneapolis. MINI.
Grant T. Mum, Seaforth, MINI.
Axel Sannis. Forman, N. ID.
Walter A. Buchholz, Holland, MINI.
Oscar Danielson, Belview. MINI. #
julius o. Anderson. Opstead, MINI.
August F. Setback, Comfrey. MINI.
Henry Lokken. Hendrfckson, MINI.
TellO b. Mccullough, Milton, n. "a.
John A. Opombes, KiNdeef, n. D.
Lawrence Daugherty. Alpena, Mich.
Harry Bickle, Fort Atkinson. WIZ.
Henry Hart. Ford River, Mich.
Fred Il. M0iSAn, OmcnnoA n. y.
Benedict De Clark. Beloit.; wis. ss
Roy f. Nelson. AtWater. MINI.
Harry n. gwenson. 6sea, Mimi.
Edgar e. Cole. Roselawn. Mich.
Ray p. Wagner. Marathon, Wiz.
Joe Candrar. 1855 sixth avsauo
North. Minneapolis. Mimi.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-01-11
slay Representation.

Paris, Friday. Jan. 1o.-1t is un-
derstood on the best authority that
negotiations have been under way for
some time between the Allies looking
to possible representation Of all the
different parties of Russia at the
peace congress. 1t is understood that
the admissions Of these delegates
would be on the condition that truce
between them be declared and &C
cepted during the period covered by
peace negotiations.
This proposition which is supposed
to emanate from the British govern
ment is not accepted in its present
form by France which refuses to rec
ognize the Bolshevists in any form.