Norwich bulletin., 1919-06-06
III THE DAYS NEWS
Rumania.

''Runania. where disorders have
 been growing for the last two months
 until they now are reported to have reached the point of Q general insur rection. has been a center of Europ can war storms for thousand years says a bulletin of the National Ge- ographic Society which shows how that country has fared in the past from wars among her neignberS. Peter the Great once established @ protector over the Rumanians and Catherine the Great later advanced a plan for the annexation of their ter ritory to Russia. Fearing that such territorial expansion might be a men ace to her. Austria persuaded Cath crime to abandon that plan.
 Rumani2. approximately as we know it, was formed from Moldavia : and Wallacnia in 1861. PreNiosly these principalities had been under Turkish suzeranity, following Aus i tria's protest against Russia annex ing them. Autonomy being guaran- tced by the Powers which agreed to the union Of the municipalities, fol i lowing the Crimean war, Rumanians chose an army officer, Col. Alexander 1 Cuza as their ruler. His title was i Alexander John l, Prince of Rumania. ' ment in power at Bucharest decided ] for a change of rulers there were 1 few formahties Invading the Prince
 bed room by night leaders of the group presented a certificate of abdi- | cation to be signed and then bundled ] him in a carriage and put him aboard an express for Paris
 The Count of Flanders, brother to ! King Leopold of Belgium was chosen l by provisional government. The powers, especially Austria, protested
 and Prince Charles (CaroD, who had
 been an officer in the Prussiaarmy
 was substituted. He set about freeing
 the country from the suzerainty of 1 Turkey.
 When the Russo Turkish storm
 clouds arose in 1875, Charles sought
 to have the powers guarantee the neutrality of Rumania. He failed Then an agreement was reached with Russia. Under it's terms Russian troops were to have free passage
 through Rumania, while Russia was
 to respect the rights and defend the integrity of Rumania.
 When the war began Rumania
 promptly declared herself independent
 of Turkey. AS the war, went or
 Russia needed help badly and finally Rumania responded to repeated ap- peals. Under Prince Carol, Rumania
 and allied troops gained a decisive
 but costly victory before Plevna. Ru-
 manian freedom was recognized in the
 treaty of San Stefano, and it furth
 etrmore was stipulated that Rumanie
 was to get the swampy country know1 as Dobrudja, lying between the Dan. ube, where it flows to the north, ant
 the Black Sea. Russia was to hay, : Bessarabia, territory claimed by Ru
 mania and. in part, occupie by her. The Russo Turkish treaty of Sal
 Stefano was overturned by the Con gress of Berlin, but Russia's aim il , the Bessarabia was not denied Thu
 Runania, after helping Russia in he } plight. came out of the war with les , then she had when she went in. Before Rumania was swept into tn , world maelstrom of 1s14-1s1s sh l was known as a land of unique beau
 ties, not so much on account 0 t scenery as because of her quanit vii , lages, with white washed cottages t their doors and window frames paint ed in bright clors and the attractiv . type of Rumania's peasant women. The Rumanian peasant women ar 2 considered the fairest in the Balkan,
 They dress eIabcrately, and show I'M |, usual individuality in their costume of many colors. Men and wome n alike usually wear hats in the hous, a except when they eat. The late dow Q ager Queen, known as Carmen Svl h | via, put on the native dress in orde f to encourage this distinctive costum, = particularly popular in the Rumani uplands."