davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24
NEWS OF ENS[EY

At the meeting of the Philathea class of the EnsIey Methodist church the an- nual election of officers was held as fol- lows: Teacher, II. C. Russell; president, Miss Minnie A. BeclShtm; vice president, Mrs. G. l.. Nader: secretary. Mrs. $. c. Benton; assistant secretary, Mrs. Price Dickens; outside secretary, Mrs. I. M Barton; treasurer and pianist, Mrs. II. iC. Russell
 The nominating committee was com posed of Mrs. George DeFreese, Mrs J. M. Donaldson, Mrs, Alexander Hood, Mrs. H. w. Sparks, Mrs. J. J. Walker Mrs. M M Johnson and Mrs. J. L. Bates.
 This wideAwake and progressive class is making earnest plans for the year ahead. Their flower work is especially known in the community during the Easter season and o.ier special days The class claims their honorary mem bers the inmates of tte old ladies' home in Woodlawn.
 The women of the Ensley Highland Presbyterian church were guests of the Aid society at dining room and kitchen shower in the ladies' parlors yesterday afternoon from to . o'clock.
 Vases of dahlias ana garden flowers adorned the room in which the shower was held.
 A feature of the occasion was short musical programme. Mrs. H. J. Cum mings sang 'Tl,e Sunshine of Your srniIe' and Mother McRee;'' Miss Mill dred Casey rave two piano members. "A Waltz" and "Banjo .Song," and Miss Edna Chapman sang "4a Bowl of Roses and "Bubbles" During the social hour dainty refreshments were served
 
 The Workers Bank of the Missionary society of the Enslev Faptist church met with Mrs o. L. veasy Monday afternoon.
 After the business session Mrs. Enhank read a naper on "How to Save Tor the s75 O0oOo0 Camr aisn." Mrs J. ;. Fa1lSner led the hour of prayer.
 Eighteen members ana two visitors, Mrs Cox and Mrs. Jones, were present.
 The hostess served salad course.
 The rnarriaee of Mss Martha Jones. daughter of Mir. and Mrs. Le Roy King Tones of Dayton and MT Earl S. MOTH son was a pretty affair Of Monday eve hing inc wedding taking place at the home of the brides sister and brother. MT. and Mrs Sam wynne on Ensley Ave ,ue at s.N o'clock Dr Fdmonds Rem nett. rector of St. Johns Christian church. performed the impressive ring ~ereynony in the presence nf the imme- S'ate vrerrhers Of hoth families.
 The bride was eirljshlv attra ctive in tailored suit of hiue with tan accessories with which she wore corsage of brides roses and valley lilies.
 The living room in which the VOWS were said was decorated with growing plans and vases of shasta daisies
 MT. and Mrs. Morrison left following the ceremony for an extended western trip and on their return will be at home on Terrell boulevard.
 A reception will be given Thursday eve hing at o'clock at the Elks home on Avenue n to the members of St. Johns church. Rev. Edmonds Bennett invites all
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24
ADOPT AMENDMENT
 ID THE REVENUE BILL PUTTING A TAX ON BOTTLED DRINKS
House, by Rising Vote, Ten ders Thanks to Age-Herald and Mobile Register for Complimentary Copies
 of Papers
By w. J. ROLES

Montgomery. September 2S.-(Spe- ciaL)-Both houses of the legislature today adopted an amendment to the general revenue bill levying a license tax of one cent a bottle on all non -alco- holic or other soft drinks sold by re- tailers in the state and which are not now prohibited by existing law.
 The senate first passed the amend ment and immediately sent it to the house, where despite protests of several members that it's adoption would legal ize the sale of cereal soft drinks, it was adopted by the vote of 41 yeas to 2S nays.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24
Uruguay Favors League

New York; September 23.--Uruguay is strong in favor of the league of na- tions, according to J. V. Acevedo, Uuu- guayan minister to the United States, who arrived here today from France. Senor Acevedo was a delegate to the peace conference and was appointed minister to Washington wniie in Paris.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24

tinguished party via here en route from Memphis to Louisville.
 It is known that President Wilson Is greatly interested in the marvellous en- gineering feat that is being executed at Muscle Shoals. which will harness the great water power of the Tennes- see river at this point, and because of this fact it is reasoned and believed that there will be acquiescence on the part of the President to accede to the wishes of the people of this Alabama district, who profoundly admire the President and whose joyous elation would be unconfined should he take advantage of the opportunity to stop here on his present tour of the coun- try.
 The President was formally invited to visit this city Sunday ja telegrams that were dispatched to him in Salt Lake City today by the secretary of the Sheffield Muscle Shoals club. following resolutions adopted by the club Mon day night to exert it's good offices to bring the President and his party to this Alabama City. The response of the President will be eagerly antlci- pated
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24

Episcopalians in the district not identi- fled with St. Johns to attend so that he might become better acquainted with them The affair promises to be very enjoyable.
 Mrs J. w. O'Hara and mother, Mrs. Murphy, are the guests of MT. and Mrs J. $. Falkner. They are en route to Nashville to join Rev O'Hara, who is now pastor of Gray Street Baptist church there.
 MT. and Mrs. A. D. Rochester announce the birth of a son.
 Mrs. Eugene Patten of Jacksonville Fla, is visiting Nher sister, Mrs. G. C. Beckham of 2419 Avenue G.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24
NATIONAL LEAGUE
Pirates Win Exhibition

Detroit, September 23.-The Pitts burg Nationals today defeated the De- troit Americans in an exhibition game, to 0, the score that decided the last game of the worlds series be- tween these clubs 10 years ago. Okrie, a recruit, was hit hard by the visitors. Score R. Il. E ; Pittsburg ....... 201 4OO 010-S H Detroit .......... 900 900 O00-O 7
 Batteries Adams. Weisner and Schmidt; Okrie. Love and Stanage. Manion.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-24
Cubs Split With Cards

St Louis, September 23-Chicago and St. Louis divided their double header today, the Cubs winning the first game, to 8, by punching hits off Jacobs in four innings. The locals took the second game, to 2. They hit Hen drix hard and gained an early leaa which Goodwin, backed by good sup port held. Scores:
 First game: K Fl. E. Chicago 900 oil 201--5 Il l St. Louis .... 100 900 020---3 II
 Batteries: Marten. Vaughn and Kiili- fer; Jacobs and Clemons.
 Second game. K. H E. Chicago .. 900 200 000--2 10 ? St Louis .... 030 200 10'--6 II 0
 Batteries: Hendrix and OfFarrelt; Goodwin and Dilhoofer.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
IN \ Hl RRl
TO GET PEACE

He decided September rs. after the
New York 27th division and the 30th
division had broken the Hindenhurg
line, and while the Americans were
smashing toward Sedan, that peace
must be asked without "a hours de
lay. 1.-THE situation could only be.
come worse" he wrote. Whether IL
would slowly or with terrific speed
could not be foreseen."
Germans had prepared by the end
OF August. 1918. TO burn London and
Paris by use Of particularly ef.
fective incendiary bomb" but the
scheme was vetoed because OF the
general military situation"
by September decisive help was
given in France by the United States,
without which the entente long be
fore would have suffered n military
defeat" He had to deceive Germany
about Pcrshing's drive at st, Mihiel
and his official report was too
favorable"
The peace offer TO President VIII.
son Was forced by telegram fror
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
SMASHING FEAT
OF AMERICANS

While he constantly bchttlcs the
American soldiers particularly the
officers-he admits that in the fight
inR I'm tho Marnc pocket In which
the Americans did the largest share
Of the attacking. 10 OF his divisions
were completely broken up ana after
ward he had TO take out or line for
reorganization the entire army that
had opposed them. Also he knew
six days before that the scissors
attack was coming and had made
all preparations for It and thought
the front waa sound"
August s, 1918. was the black day
OF the German army In this war
That was when the British and
French and a few Americans--bit
off tho nose OF the Amicns salient
German commanders were caught at
breakfast: seven divisions were com
pletcly broken. retiring troops shout.
ed to me coming up: "BlacklegP
and you're prolonging the war;
This defeat made Ludendorff de
eide 1.-THE war must be ended" The
kaiser told him that after the fail
ure of the July offensive and after
August he knew the war could no
longer be won.' .------------------
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19

ChatenuThicrry This was all well
enough and would have been 10 his
advantage IL the army operating
around Scissors had been equally
aggressive and swift. But the eau
tious commander delayed: Foch was
able to bring up troops to this point
and the fatal Marne pocket was
formed.
Now Ludondorff was forced 10
drop all thoughts OF the Channel
drive until he could retrieve his
armies blunders lie admlts his
attnck between Noyon and Mont.
older In June had for it's sole oh
ject the Strengthening OF his line
between the Amicns and Marine
pockets. so they could be made safe
while he turned his attention to rho
north. The June attack. no blpptIv
remarks. failed because this timo
the French we're ready"
Here We come TO the turning
point He reveals that at the con.
elusion OF this drive no knew bis
great strategic gamble was n fail.
ure: for he seriously considered
abandonment Of the offensive The
Americans were IN the lines; his
losses had been huge. and he no
longer had the superiority with
which he began his attacks. lie
kept on for only one reason, The
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
WHOLE CAMP AIGN
WENT WRONG

Ills reasons for this eumbie be-
plainly states. Austria Bulgaria and
Turkey were on the point OF collapse
only great victory would hold thr-n
IN iine. Germany was arothing with
revolutionary sentiment and tie
morale 81 the army bad been serious
~ affected. lie did not believe his
troops would stand on the defensive.
and he had TO adopt the offensive In
order 10 renew their fighting spirit.
With blunt frankncws that Is
astonishing. he clears up many %
the mysteries 81 his campaign, the
greatest military effort In the history
OF mankind. Win scarcely an at
tempt NJ s0culp4tion he shows him
self driven b. circumstance TO do
things he knew we're strntegicaIly
unwise. and makes no bones Of ad
hitting that every attack no started
went wrong
From the first his chief idea was
10 get 10 tho Channel ports "a far
az Boulogue There he would cut
tho British Off from their short
communications across the Chan
mel and force them to send their
supply ships on longer journeys on
the open sea. where the L boats
would have a better chance To get
them. lie would also establish new
bases for the raiders. and caula
bring London under fire OF tho ne,,.
big guns that were used arafust
Paris. Always his mind wns on this
plan. and at no timc was he abb.
10 put u into execution.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
ny EUGENE J. Young

Germany. In the hours ot disaster
and surrender. found one comfort.
.'We were starved into submission,
came the shout "Our army was Al
ways tnVincihlc. The world In arms
could not beat t." The tradition Of
German military efficiency and au
pcriority. built up IN 30 years Of
preparation and four years Of over
running nations not 50 we'll prepared.
survived for A time whom all else
In Germany was crumhlinE MeuoF
hes persisted OF campaigns In which
German generals had made them
selves German gods and German
ecidiers had seemed 10 defeat many
times their numbers solely BY their
skill and courage.
Not alone in Germany was this
idea held. Many IN the world out
side were still willing 20 believe IN
Tcuton military invincibility.
Now comes the man who knew
most about the German military ma
chine to knock the props from under
many OF these illusions. Ludendorff
has done a real service not only Tor
Germany but the world by his hlunt
revelations OF some 81 the well
hidden secrets Of the German mih
tary machine and It's campaigns.
ouarrels In the highest command
biunders in strategy. disorders
among the men, luck and intrigue
that saved critical situations; finally
the complete disintegrauon OF the
great machine: these are things he
ccldly sets down. regardless OF con.
sequences.
SO much Is crowded into the book
that one can take only few OF the
chief revelations. They will suffice.
however. to prove how often luck
and intrigue helped Germany TO
carry ON when her boosted efficiency
had been decidedly inefficient
Right In the first campaign
laundering showed itsclf. The great
general staff had adopted Count
schIeffcn's plan for a sweep thru
Belgium and humiliation OF France
before Russia could come into the
battle But the Schuesien plan was
not carried out properly. The crown
prince wanted glory and took -
many froops for his attack on the
fortrcsses in the center that the tx.
tended right wing. rushing on Paris.
was made too weak and defeat came
as the Marine.
A vital blunder was made In The
calculation OF the time Russia must
take for mobilization. Weak forces
were left TO cover East Prussia and
these Ia the fret weeks were thoroly
defeated by the rush u the czar s.
armies
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
STILL LOOKED
TO THE CHANNEL.

Once more he would Try FOE the
channel. and Prince Rupprecht was
ordered to make ready First how
ever. Ludendortf must make the
Marine pocket safe so he struck on
both sides OF Rheims July 10 to
straightcn out the lines.
lie makes no effort 90 hide his
complete defeat. lie merely gives
the boastfuness of the Germans
who At homo loudly proclaimed that
n blow was to fan at Rheims AS
the reason for the French readiness
TO smash The drive. The second day
he had given orders To break OFF
the attack to the east OF the city.
tho third day he had ordered the
retreat of the troops that had
crossed the Marine south Of Rheims.
and this same day he had begun the
transfer OF his reserves from the
Champagne to Flanders for what
was to be his last desperate blow.
lie was at the headquarters of
Prince I,upprecht arranging The
plans when the Americans broke
thru south u SCISSORS the morning
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
HURRIED BY
AMERICAN DANGER"

FIRST the American danger" up
set him Our war machine 6f,er
many delays, wsr getting into on.
Grafton and our IeFions were pour
ing across the ocean. Before long
they would be coming into the bat
tie line. Ludendorff must strike
and weaken the British and French
before these achievements could
arrive. So he could not wait for the
mud OF Flanders to dry and had to
pick a battle ground over which he
could move in the early spring. lie
was forced 10 choose Picardy. even
tho his advance would lead him into
the district he had devastated.
terrain over which he could not ad.
vance rapidly.
This drive. he frankly explains.
went awry. and the results ham.
pered all his subsequent efforts.
His scheme was TO break thru
south OF Arras. skirt the northern
end Of the devastated region and
reach the rear Of the British army
in Flanders Two other armies to
the southwark were merely to sup.
port his attack.
The artillery of the Arras army
Numbered the barragc went ahead
~ the infantry. within three DAYS
this army was exhausted" by the
terrible pounding given by Byng
and had really accomplished moth
ing. The supporting army broke
thru at St Quentin and pushing
west and south drew the force Of
the drive across the devastated dis
trict. so that when the French and
British closed the gap Ludendorff
found himself in the great Amicns
pocket I'm a stratcgical situation
by no means favorable"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
LUDENDORFF BOOK
ON WAR REVIEWED

1916. Then the successes ~ Brusiloff
on the eastern front. whore the Ger.
man. Austrian line was almost
broken. the failure OF the Nerdun
attacks the successes " the alliea
ON the Somme ana finally tho entry
ot Eumania into the war, caused the
dismissal 81 the kainer'u favoritcs
from command and the tcstowd OF
run power ON Hlndenburg aud Luden
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
"BETTER A
TERRIIsIk END"


Angered 10y Wilson's demand for
the downfall OF autocracy, Luden-
dorff urged the German people to
fight on, but Scheidemann told him
the workmen were saying: Better
a terrible end than terror without
end"
Ludendorff's downfall was brought
about by the order issued to the
army October "a. 1918. saying Presi.
dent Wilson'S demand for the end OF
autocracy lis unacceptable to US
soldiers" Frightened by the reich
stays anger the kaiser dismissed
him.
The kaiscr's abdication was an.
nounced November .. by Prince.
Max. the chancellor. "of his own ~
itiativc," and the deposed ruler WI
to Holland ION the advice given h
at general headquarters The cro{x,
prince offered his "unconditioR,X
service" and II was refused by M
lin. O
Coal being shipped during winter
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
tFTO AUTO

was able TO try his Flanders drive
In April he could not bring 20 bear
sufficient forces The storm troops
he had prepared thru the winter
we're too weary and battered to be
available without n rest. and he had
to rely largely on the second class
men in line. He broke thru the
Portuguese division west OF Lille
and made a big hole. but could not
rush forward with sufficient swift.
ness. and Foch rounded him UP in
another pocket reaching into the
lowlands Of the Lys
This failure brought n formidable
concentration OF the allies in Elan.
ders and picardy. He was forced
to do something to draw the French
southwark before he could take up
his main plan again. So he made
the feint toward Paris across the
Chemin-des Danes. lie admits he
had no Idea of striking for the
French capital and had no design
OF going oven as far aH the Marine
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
LEARNED III
FRENCH PLANS

Luck also PLAYED iH usit ua shc
west front In 1917 Tse CrlIaps
learned OF the p'aus fur the great
French offensive against the
Chrmin.de DANES ard were able %
prepare for Il. How they learned
j. matter Of contention Luden-
dorff says they captured an army
order In small attack that gave
him the clue Various pcrsons are
now being punished by France Tor
their part in the German under
ground system which extended from
Paris to German headquarters thru
Switzerland and many Frrnchmcn
thoroiy believe the secret Of The
1917 drive went hy thia route from
highly placed offic.ais % radical
lcanlngs.
II WA German luck also that held
hack Marshal Haig thrre times In
1917. when he had completely broken
the Gtunan line. but did not press
his adyantaEe In each case-at
Arras In April az Mcraneu In June.
and az Cambr1i in Novcmbey--the
Germans Ia rkrd reserves. and Ludcn
dorff wonders why the British did
not do what he would have done
open up tho gaps a. widely "a pos
sible and roll up the enemy line
Coming 10 1915 Ludendorff reve1is
the progressive dissolution Of tho
German war machine His great
drives were q gigantic gamble. made
with the hope thnt be- would he able
to force LioydGeorEc and cienen
e~au into a peaceful frame ~ mind
before tho American could arrive IN
afsfFf-t.,.. f.s-.a
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
LACKED TROOPS
FOR FLANDERS

This pocket heightened his lines
and forced to the front troops that
otherwise he might have used in
Flanders. 1t also compelled him to
attack near la Fere 10 straighten
out the long ana exposed south
flank.
Thus. when the mud dried and he
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
CONSTANTINE
SAVED nj >ts.tkN

Ludcndorff admits the situation
Was so critical that he feared the
Rumanians would roll up the whole
southeastern flank and help bring
the Russians into Hungary. Intrigue
and trcachvFy again saved the mill
tary machine King Constantine Of
Greece. the kaisers hrother'ln law,
surrendered to the Bulgarians the
tortresScs east OF Salunlca and gave
them such an advantage over the al
lies that bulgarian troops could be
spared to meet the Rumanian peril
Rumanla's weeks OF waiting for
Russia 20 send the aid that had been
promised enabled Ludendorff 20
gather the armies that smashed the
small nation. we should not have
been able to live. much less carry on
the war. without Rumania's grain
and oil" he admits
Another crisis came in 1917 lie
did not SIZE how the eituation was TO
be- saved FOR Germany unless tho
U,boats could 10 o. tie admits that
only the revolution ln Russia. the
intrlEues OF the BoishtNlA. and the
collapse % the Ruamtn rrHr avert
al ,s.nrssttfaHa sfaf.atF
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19

August 20 was another black
day" The French had smashed his
line between the Disc and the Aisne,
some OF his divisions had failed TO
counter attack and he had ordered
a retreat TO the Hindenhurg line.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
ONE ARMY FAST;
ANOTHER SLOW

Again his plans went wrong.
one OF his armies found tho going
easier than ne had expected. swept
across tho Aisne and the yesIe
down to the Marine. and was career.
ing toward Paris until Il was
stopped by the Americans around
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
By ALTMAN
By AHERN

Hindenburg TO Chancellor Max,
October 3. 1918. saying The stu.
alton grows more acute day by day
and may at any time compel us to
take desperate measures"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19

spirit Of revolt was sweeping the
home front and the army: he dared
not pause lest his fighting forces
disintograte under the blows he
knew would come
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
BITTER QUARREL
IN STAFF

Bitter duarreling among the high
est military chieftains appears with
his tale Of the Russian campaign Of
1915. He and Hindenburg came TO
a direct clash with General won
FaIkenhayn. chief Of tho great gen.
erai staff and Intimate Of the kaiser.
Falkenhayn won. Not only we're the
Ludendorff. Hindenburg plans upset.
hut Marshal Won Mackcnsen and
Prince Leopold OF Bavaria we're
given independent comma nds. with
the result that the various armies
jostled each other and allowed the
Russian armies to get out Of a bad
trap. into which they had been be
trayed. as Russian records have since
shown. by the treachcry Of the
czarina.
This auarreling continued on the
eastern front until the summer Of
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-12-19
Xmas at the
Red Cross

The ladies Of the city have CON
tributed many many prcseuts
now on sale at the tumble shop.
Fourth ave. and Virginia ~. They
are specializing in doll furniture.
all hand made. in pleasing pat
terms. They have also beautiful
furniture for the children. while
the variety Of other presents.
which are appropriate both for
the little ones AZ we'll AZ the bis
ones. ~ almost endless.
They have some old pieces Of
jewelry. which has its own at
traction for certain individuals.
They are Offering n magnificent
bear rug at a very low figure.
Tho Red cross has never turned
down any deserving sailor or sol
dirr IN its three years ~ active
operation. and the none raised
at the Jnmble Shop goes % the
relief Of soldiers and sailors
Within the city today are about
20 men In hospitals. Some Of US
have overlooked this fact. The
Halvaae Department needs every
thing which you can not use. par
ticuiarly clothing.
Salvage phone Elliott 4s12
WE CALL