davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
North Carolina Forests to
Be Tapped for a Supply Of
Ties for Railroad Tracks

How many ties in a railroad track ?
Did you ever ask yourself that ques.
ton while riding on train? North
Carolina forests are to be tapped for
a new supply, says Crete Hutchinson,
who writes in American Forestry
Magazine Of Washington, as follows {:
AT the present time the railroad
administration is facing a shortage in
tie production. West of the MISSISSIPPI
pi 5O,OOO.O 900 cross ties are required
annually for replacement; east Of the
Mississippi s0OO0,OO0 with approx
mately 20.O00.0O0 additional ties for
street railways and other industrial
needs. A grand total Of 150O00,O0O
cross ties or 4.500,O00O00 board feet
Of timber.
against a shortage of IS per cent
six months ago the present shortage
is only 40 per cent and probably will
be reduced to 80 per cent by the end
Of the year, due to better understand
ing of specifications. Thirty-four per
cent Of the timber used by the railroad
purchasing committee is white oak.
Large areas of the forested section of
North Carolina in Pennsylvania, Jack
son, Graham and Clay counties con-
tain this timber and a road 40 miles
long is being put in to get this timber
out.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Monument for Apple Tree
Erected by the Farmers Of
Dundas County, in Ontario

One of the most novel monuments in
existence has been built in Canada by
the farmers of Dundas county. On
tario. They have erected marble pill
lar to mark the site on which grew q
famous apple tree. More than cen.
fury ago q settler In Canada named
Macintosh, when clearing space In
which to make home in the wilder
ness, discovered among number Of
wild apple trees one which bore fruit
so superior to the rest that he cult.
waited it and named 1t the Macintosh
Red. The apple became famous; seeds
and cuttings were distributed to all
parts of Canada, so that now the Mac
intosh Red flourishes wherever apples
grow In the great Dominion. In 1896
the original tree from which this enor-
nous family sprang was injured by
fire, but 1t continued to bear fruit
until a few years ago. Then after
us years, it died. and the grateful
farmers have raised q marble pillar
In honor Of the tree which has done
80 much for the fruit-growing industry
of their land.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
His Suicide frustrated
Poet Wrote Famous Hmm

The origin of the we1-lnown hymn,
''God moves in a mysterious wsg. His
wonders to perform" Was . ssaous
incident in the life of its ssf1s1. VII
liam Cowper, the EngllsA post D0ees q
writer in the Peoples Hone 1ous1al.
Cowper, a deeply religious DmL Was
subject to attacks Of the hlaGes3 mel
ancholy. During one of Aeoe aooacks
he determined to end HIS Me h Threw
ing himself into the Th6De8 Isveg. H0
hired q cab to take him - 10 river,
but q dense fog 20 c0of1sea the cab
man that. after driving absut fsr m
hour, he admitted to - passenger
that he was lost O0wpeE. snGheiag
from the cab in order - 0lve the
driver more, careful Arec0Os 1Dr
reaching the bridge, fouDd th6e his
wanderings had brought Nm ha1k t.
his own door. Strongly affected BY
what seemed to him almost z dastne
ipterposition. Cowper dsnDea the
cab, hurried to his room end wrote big
famous hymn.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
U.S.. Forces 4.79l,l72 at End of War
Reserve Of 100000 Class ! Men W.itins
to Be Modified When Armistce Was Signed

The United States ready increase its fighting force to
during 1919 the had continued Provost Marshal
Crowder stated in his annual report
of 100000 class waiting to be modified
ams signed the report stated the armed strength
the nation then being 4791"2 When declared the
armed strength 378,619 men.
of three uniform raised through the
draft stated the total number indicted during the being
2;810,296 Every taken from class 1.
Only per of the Of military 8 to 49, in the
SERVICE report stated while land contributed 81 cent Of her
available fighters
In all men were registered by the great system
military service.
per the percentage Of men taken from
any industry
The farmers than any other workers. SO
cent registered being granted deferred classification Com
paratvey few married taken the records showing that 81
per cent of them deferred
Physically nation cent perfect according to the draft
This the percentage Of the found it, l does not
those whose defects could be remeded
The highest percentages physical fitness from the middle
West Oklahoma led the with per cent closely followed by
Arkansas Kansas Nebraska Wyoming Texas and North Dakota Rhode
show the largest percentages OF physically unit with
Connecticut Massachusetts, Vermont New York and Washington
close Rhode fit New York 60 cent
Liquor causing physical rejectons the
percentage being oneenth of per cent Heart troubles eyes,
tuberculosis defects brought the largest number OF reflections
claiming than 10 cent OF the total disqualified Fiat
feet took only 1.3 per cent.
Gen. Cowde work fight forced either into
the army or useful drive the Stacker added
class Eighteen thousand walters alone changed
work. did $4,000 clerical workers. More than are s'l
c the provost marshal generals Office having tailed
to answer calls register $4,000 have been appreended
Eight expsoners indicted and their
records show they have made fine fighting men.
Gen. Crowder his report with tribute to all who helped
make the draft total the draft only
and Gen. Crowde appropriations waiting 60 back
the capita cost of the inducements was $685.
as compared with $s17 the $685. The cost OF enng volunteer
was $2s.95 during the operation of the draft
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Middle West Farmers Assert
That "Hour-EarIier" Scheme
Makes Them Lose go Minutes

Opposition to the repetition Of the
daylight saving scheme next summer
is developing in unexpected quarters,
according to reports from the local
farm bureaus in the middle West. The
farmers do not want to see the clock
turned ahead next spring. They com.
plain that the change of time makes
them lose an hours work during the
haying and wheat harvesting season
because of the heavy dews that do not
dry in time for them to start the days
work until half-past nine o'clock in
the morning.
Under the old system it was possible
for them to begin work in the fields
at half-past eight O'Clock, but under
thu few scheme they cannot start until
an hour later. This, they say, causes
them the entire loss Of an hour, be-
cause no matter at what time they
start work the hired hands insist on
quitting for the day promptly at six
o'clock in the evening. They, urge that
instead of forcing them to lose this
hour during the most important sea-
son. it would be better for the workers
in the cities. who wish to save the hour
of daylight, to report for work an hour
early. They propose to fight a re-
enactment of the time-changing law in
congress.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
TIPS FOR THE :
POULTRY GROWER

That laying hens will Increase their
production II fed a properly proper
toned ration has been demonstrated
in Missouri this winter. And the ra-
ton costs no more than some OF the
carelessly compounded rations many
fiocks receive. Here Is the ration ex-
pressed in quantities sufficient to feed
100 hens one day:
Scratch Feed-Ten pounds shelled
corn or kaff1r and S pounds thrashed
oats or barley. Feed in deep litter
morning and evening.
Dry Mash-Three pounds bran or 8
pounds cornmeal, 3 pounds shorts or
3 pounds ground oats, and IN pounds
beefscrap or l pound tankage. Three
gallons of milk may be substituted for
the beefscrap or tankage. Keep this
mash before the birds at all times.
In addition to this feed, supply green
feed in some form. plenty of fresh
water and grit and shell.
The use of the foregoing rntion has
been advocated by the extension serv-
ice of the University of Missouri col.
lege Of agriculture.
Ten communities have reported re-
suits for 80 days which shows q per-
centage increase of 173. This means
that all communities reporting are re-
ceiving a double return In number of
eggs laid, and one community reports
that the yield has been increased sew.
en-fold. This 10 conclusive evidence
that the ration Is practical, and that a
laying hen, well fed, will respond to
good feed.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Half.inch Spider Is Victor
Over Fish Two Inches Long

The amazing strength of spiders Is
shown In a number of instances. Thus
we have an instance Of half'inch
spider catching a two-inch fish. 1t was
Of the ground or wolf family. A SCI
enlist came upon it struggling with a
fish on the edge Of a little pool. Its
claws were buried in the fish's tall ;
it had the tail out Of the water. but
the head still remained underneath.
The spider struggled to pull the fish
up the bank and the fish struggled des-
perately to pull the spider into the wa
ter. For ten minutes the scientist
watched this silent and deadly fight.
Then he hurried away for bottle IN
which to put the combatants when he
captured them. He was gone about
half an hour, and on his return the end
had come. The fsh was dead and the
spider was slowly dragging its victim
away.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
First Discovery Of Gold .
in California Was In 1913

The first gold in California was dis
covered II years ago, on January "a,
i84S, by James Wilson Marshall. He
was q native of New Jersey who had
gone West and settled on the site Of
Sacramento. Blasting away some
rocks to make q foundation for q
building, he observed grains Of what
seemed to be gold scattered about In
the excavated earth. A test revealed
that 1t really was the precious metal.
Wild excitement followed the discov-
cry, and the Immortal rush OF the
"forty-niners" brought thousands OF
miners and Adventures to the golden
state. Marshall, the discoverer, did
not profit from. his find and would
have spent his last days In poverty
except for a. small pension granted
him by the state Of California.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Spiders Web Is One q
the Simplest Baagneaers

One Of the simplest q u1We's
barometers II q SPIDERS web WIN
there il q prospect Of W10d e Roln
the spider shortens Tie Da0su1D "
which its web IL sustained anA leaves
It In this state ~ long - he weather
is variable. If 1t elonGates H 0Reods
It Is a sign Of fine, calm wea1beF. the
duration Of which may BE 0dged By
the length to which the threads are
let out. II the spider remains inactive
it is a sign of rain; II It keepssat work
during rain the downpom WIZ not hse
long, and will be followed By inc
weather, says an exchange. ObserEa-
ton has taught that the spider MAKES
changes In its web every twent5-four
hours, and that II s1ch ennnGes @fe
made In the evealag ~ bGegEe
II pisAt VIM - clear - - :.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
First Penny Postage Trial
lnaugurated in England iR
1840-Long After IN Canada

The first trial Of cheap postage was
the system of penny postage inaugu
rated in England January 10. 1910
The idea that letters could be for
warded to any part Of England and
delivered for only penny seemed
absurd to most Englishmeo. and they
predicted speedy failure fsr Tive prof.
ect. It Is unnecessary b Boint out
that they proved to be poor prophets
observes a writer in The New York
World.
On this side of the Atlantic the
much greater distances seemed to pre-
clude the adoption Of any saeh meas
ure as a low, fiat rate for letters. Al
the time Great Britain adopted penny
postage, the rates in the United States
were: For 80 miles aad under, 4
cents; 80 to 60 miles, 8 cents; 60 to
100 miles. 10 cents, and over 1Oe
miles proportionate increase. SO that
a letter dispatched distance of 45s
miles cost Is cents.
With the adoption of Rowland Hills
penny postage system. England alse
adopted his suggestion that the diff
culties attending prepayment at post
age "might be overcome By using
bit of paper large enough b bear the
stamp, and covering the back with
glutinous wash, which By applying
little moisture, might be attached to
the back of the letter." Thus the
postage stamp was born. and there
came into existence those kttfe scraps
Of paper which are now collected by
millions of men and boys the world
over, and some Of which, because of
their rarity, are worth thousands of
dollars.
An approach to the penny postage
Of Great Britain was made in 1851,
when Scent postage was adopted in
the United States. Adhesive postage
stamps had previously been introduced
on this side of the Atlantic in 1647.
Later postage was reduced to cents
in the United States In 1883. but 1t
was not until some years later that
Canada followed the example Of her
mother country by iHstftUotng the
penny postage. \.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
What Chevrons
Mean
Guide to D@erent Stripes Won
ON Solder Sleeves

"You can't tell the players without
a score card" the familiar cry ut the
baseball parks, could almost be up
piled to soldiers returning from
France, according to army officers. To
aid the public in determining a mans
time in the war zone and the number
Of times wounded, the following has
been prepared:
War Service Chevron-A "V"-shaped
bar of gold lace, worn on lower part
of left sleeve of oil uniform coats, ex.
cept fatigue coats. by officers, field
clerks and enlisted men who have
served six months In the war zone.
This chevron is worn point down. An
additional chevron is allowed Tor each
six months service.
Wound Chevron-Als0 a "V'shaped
bar of gold lace, worn point down, on
the right sleeve. Not more than one
wound chevron can be worn if two or
more wounds are sustained at the
same time.
Silver Chevron-For officers, field
clerks and enlisted men VINO server
six months outside the theater OF OPP"
erations a silver chevron (worn the
same as the gold chevrOn) Is allowed.
For each additional six months anOth-
er chevron Is worn.
Scarlet CheyrOn-Soldiers hOnorably
discharged wear scarlet chevron,
noint nm m the left sleeve above the
elbow. These are in addition to the
usual service stripes.
Service Stripe-Enlisted men who
served three years will wear service
stripe of the corps or department of
service. The stripes are worn dag
onally on both sleeves Of the dress
coat below elbow.
Sky-Blue Cloth Chevron-Seryice of
less than six months in theater of war
is indicated by sky-blue cloth worn
as the gold war service chevron.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Immense Food Supplies for
Brave Yanks Across Seas
The Daily Stocks in Hand

Whoever goes hungry In Europe this
winter it will not be the American
soldiers, notes correspondent. The
daily stocks in hand reported by the
auartermaster's department of the
American expeditionary forces gives
an idea of supplies only when 1t Is
remembered they represent reserves
held between daily consumption and
arrivals known to be en- route. P0-
tatoes furnish a striking example. The
stock in hand at the last report was
100000 pounds, and yet the Ameri-
can forces are receiving 10000 tons
of potatoes month, which makes co.
100000 pounds, chiefly from Ireland.
Potatoes being perishable, it would
not be wise to keep double the daily
stocks in hand. Others were as FOL-
lows:
Fresh beef, 100000 pounds;
timed beef, 23,700, 900 pounds; timed
bacon, 28,3OO,OOO pounds; timed sal
mon, 0.44O,OOO pounds: flour. 100000
900 pounds; oatmeal. 1900, 600 pounds:
cornmeal, 100000 pounds; dry beans.
100000 pounds; baked beans, r.
100000 pounds; rice. 100000 pounds;
onions, 100000 pounds; tomatoes,
100000 pounds; jams, 100000
pounds; prunes, 100000 pounds;
sugar, 100000 pounds.
This list does not include other
foods running beyond a million pounds,
like dried vegetables, syrup. bacon In
bulk, hardtack, hominy, dried and
fresh fruits, as we'll as cheese, maca-
roni, butter and lard.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
THE UNKNOWN DEAD

They loved the English Aedgru9s-
And scented English lanes:
They loved the sunlight On uDsfr downs
And the soft English ratuA
And now-they sleep in Flandke
Or where the sad Aarno 0eU4
A bleak white cross above thsi 1sads;
Their names. all. no one kDoNH.
They loved the life of LonAaa
With lights that cleaned NE paris.
And theaters and tavernS
And rosy English girls.
Their youth was q brief D6aRH
That sped too swiftly BY
They left their schools and O4pket
And came out hereto do.
And some were shining poeag
And some were simple 6oyN
Who loved the Surrey fields oa6 all
Substantial English joys.
From Elton and from Oxt0A
From many an English town.
They came to save q world 1lQEn. shame
And lay their young hvss tsRn.
In some celestial garden
Perhaps they sit today
And laugh a. once they used "a laugh.
Play as they used to Daax.
IT'S We who weep for Young lad1, gone:
But they-they are not 6so4
Though simple crosses stand ah9Eo
They loved. and are conteHted
On windy wastes 70 sleep
Yet when the English daisies
Begin to smile and creep.
Pluck them and take them over
TO many q lonely grave:
For they loved English fiowa4
These young. and bright azid brave.
Charles Hanson Towne. Saturday Eve.
ming Post.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
WISE AND OTHERWISE

When 1t comes to saving pen
MES a woman will save q dollar
before a man has saved ten
cents.
When you Gee a pretty maid
in a home It's a sure sign that
the head of the house Is not
henpecked.
Occasionally. a barber combs
a mans hair the way he combs
i, himself, but q tonsorial artist
never Goes.
\ wise old tiiler OF the soil.
speaking Of the relative value
OF grains. Gays grains Of CON-
mon sense sre the most valu-
able.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
WITH THE sAeEs

Il Is q proof Of boorishneS
to confer a favor with q bed
grace. How little does . smAe
cost HBruyere.
Without thought there caa be
nothing done that can be truly
called a work.-T. A. Edison.
III fortune never crushed that
man whom good fortune de-
ceived not-Ben Johnson
We should be ashamed to
think what We should be
ashamed to DIV. Pickford.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
U. s. January Expenses
Totaled 81 ,962, $50 GOO

Big payments to allies under credits
previously established, as reported By
the treasury, raised the total OF d
lied advances in January 10 $3.50, 260-
600, and aggregate government e1-
penses for the month to $1.962, 35O,OOO.
This is 50, 900. 600 less than the record
of December. War savings sales
reached SO, 996, 600.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Once Too Often.

Once Too Often.
"Why have you quarreled with
Jack3"
Because he proposed to me last
night"
swell, there's no harm in that, Is
theref'
but I had accepted him the night
before"
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Mothers Cook Book

Thrift and economy In tho kitchen
mean painstaking treatment Of supplies
from start to finish. In cooking. nutrittve
value and flavor are to be retained: flour
Is to be intensified or added when absent;
auccuience and juiciness must be present:
the food must taste 10 good that the gos.
pei Of tho clean plate needs no teaching"
Janet NJ. Hill.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Earning Is a Business"

Large numbers of farmers have
more money in their business than
the business men In their county seat
towns have invested in their stores.
Farmers are slowly coming to realize
the truth Of this comparison and that
farming IL q business. In connection
With which b1glnea methods uult y
ussd s 2
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
HAVE A LAUGH
Working Both Ways.

Working Both Ways.
"What is the object of these statis-
tics you are compiling?"
'They are for tho purpose Of prov
ing that the conclusions drawn from
statistics previously compiled on the
same subject are all wrong"
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
seasonabt0 Foods.

A nice way to prepare thick slice
of ham Is to scar it we'll on both
sides in a hot iron frying pan, then
add cupful of cider and let 1t simmer
until the cider Is nearly absorbed, us.
ing care not to scorch 1t. Serve with
the cider sauce and finely minced
parsley.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13

brought to its knees It
clothes made odds and ends
Lono~ood which making
weekly and at
Smith, daughter Of
Lonowood shown with OF the
al ealvaaed materials
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
A. Men Do.

Girls are more graceful with their
hands than men"
"They have to learn to be-"
what do you meanr
They can't dodge the issue BY keep.
ing their hands In their pockets"
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Active Volcano.

me most active volcano In the world
Il NJ. Sargay. II II 1876 feet high,
Atunted On the eastern cain OF
- AIDES, South America. Il Aas
- = es1een1t aea anee H.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
She Knew.

"Men are such
bruteS."
"Aren't tn ey :
What was 1t your
husband refused
to buy for you to-
day."
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Nu. h>t~s.e
SAIL Production.

Production OF salt from sea water
BIZ electricity has become 20 succea-
ful In Norway tat two plants. eooA
witA IN annnal capacity q eao00
49, vW - 0geab1tsAoA
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Beina Coed for Nothing.

She-Doctor's bills3 Oh, my fathers
a doctor, 60 I can be Ill for nothing.
He-My fathers a parson, 50 I can
he good for nothing.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13

Hot Roast Ham, Cider Sauce.
Soak ham In cold water, wash and
put into q kettle with onehalf cup
each OF chopped onion, carrot and two
sprigs of parsley and four cloves.
Cover with cold water, bring to the
boiling point and simmer until ten
der. After two hours, add one quart
of cider. Allow the ham to cool In
the liquor. remove, take of skin and
bake one hour.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Victims Latin co9nomen.

Bill (reading the
paper) you
know what they
mean by q Stradi-
variuS7
BOb-GoOdnesS,
you're ignorantl
A Stradivarius IS
the Latin name
for a fiddle.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13
Cider Sauce.

Melt three tablespoonfuls of butter,
add four Of flour and two cupfuls OF
the ham liquor, all fat removed. Bring
to boiling point, add four tablespoon
fuls of cider and pepper to taste.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13

Tie and lard upper surface Of calfs
liver. Place In q pan and spread With
the following mixture: Cream three
tablespooufuls OF butter and add one
and one-fourth teaspoonfuls each Of
ground cloves and pepper. Pour around
one-half cup Of boiling water and
cpok In q moderate oven one hour
blasting every ten minutesL Remove
to serving dish. skim or fat from
rouor and add one cupful Of acid
fruit Juice and strain sauce around
The liver.
The Tomahawk., 1919-03-13

Pour one quart Of scalded milk over
two cupfuls of stale bread crumbs,
cover and let stand fifteen minutes.
Add the yolks of four eggs, well
beaten, two tablespoonfuls Of melted
butter, a few gratings Of nutmeg. and
one-fourth teaspoonful Of soda dis
solved In two teAspoonfuls Of hot
water; then fold In the whites of four
eges, beaten stiff. Turn into q but
tered pudding dish and bake in a mod
crate oven forty-five minutes.
The Glenwood post., 1919-09-06

By agreement the Simpson Brown
breach of promise case has been trans
ferred to the district court in Denver
for trial, for the convenience of u
great number of the witnesses living
there.
" y -
Mrs. A. J. Thompson and daughter
of Eureka, Kansas, who have spent he
summer visiting the formers sister,
Mrs. r. W. Kaiser, left the last of this
week for Marysville, California, to
spend the winter.
- y =
Mrs. Frank Page, who with her
family left Glenwood twelve years ago
The Glenwood post., 1919-09-06

for California where she has since
made her home, arrived in this city
Thursday, enroute to Ohio where she
has been called to attend to some bus.
mess matters. Mrs. Page is looking
well, and she complimented some OF
us Glenwood kids on the way VIC are
standing in with Father Time. Guess
she expected to find lot Of decripit
old hasbeens, but when she found us
kicking around at about as lively
rate as in the bygone days she adj
mitted that Glenwood climate is all
right. Mr.. Page died q number OF
years ago in San Francisco.