davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
Cleaning chickens and washing
clothes have long been nightmare-lilie
tasks on the housewives calendar.
With that automatic laundryman, the
mechanical or electric washing ma
chine, Dame Genius has simplified one
Of these problems, and now the United
States Department Of Agriculture Is
"over the top" with scheme which
irons the wrinkles out of the problem
of preparing fowls for the table.
Drawing and cutting up chicken for
cooking or canning Is as much an art
as the proper Interpretation Of Men
delssohn symphony, but study and
practice of the following pointers will
soon develop the novice into an ex-
pert. The operator can remove the
entire digestive tract without smear
ing the meat In any way, and can
pack the flesh and bones from the
average mature fowl into a quart Jar
The first essential Is to give the
fowl no food for "a hours before kill
ing. The bird should be killed by
sticking 1t through the roof of the
mouth, and should be picked dry
After the feathers have been removed
and the pin feathers drawn. the fowl
should be cooled rapidly. When cool
II should be singed and washed care.
FULLY with brush.
Precautions In Butchering.
Precautions to observe In butcher
ing the chicken consist in removing
the wings after cutting off the tips at
the first joint. removing the feet, cut
ting at the knee joint; removing the
legs at the hip or saddle joints and
cutting through the connecting joints
to separate the thigh from the leg.
with a sharp knife sever the neck
bone at the head. Care should he
taken not to cut the wlndpipe or Gull
let. With the index fingers separate
the windpipe and gullet from the neck
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
CHECK TOMATO LEAF
BLIGHT BY SPRAYING
As Many as Seven Applications
Made In West Virginia.
Colon and solIdIty Of Fruit Was I'm
proved and SO Per Cent Increase
In Yield secured-Bordeaux
Soap Mixture Used.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
III wouldn't grow tomatoes In a
blight infested region without spray
Ing" says s. L. DOdd, Jr.. extension
pathologist for the United States de-
partment Of agriculture and West
Virginia agricultural experiment sta
ton. who sprayed tomatoes for the
control of blight In six counties OF
West Virginia in 1918. Thorough
spraying was the keynote of his sue
cess. He made six, and IN some fields
seven applications, using spray mix
ture at the rate of $50 gallons an acre
for mature plants. Spraying improved
color and solidity Of fruit, reduced rot
and sunscald, and increased the yield
Of ripe fruit 80 per cent, and Of both
green and ripe fruit 55 per cent.
A small knapsack compressed-air
sprayer was used in this work. Such
sprayers are light. easy to operate
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
ENORMOUS LOSS
IN THRESh|NG
Million Bushels Of Grain Lost
Each Year Because Of Inef-
ficient Methods.
KEEP MACHINES IN REPAIR
Separators Out Of Adjustment Are
Cause Of Greatest TroubIe-Thresh.
erman Should Study Manufae-
turer's instructions.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agricuiture.)
Every important grain state has
been losing over million bushels of
grain each year because Of inefficient
threshing methods, declare investiga-
tors Of the United States department
of agriculture. The government, by
bringing this enormous loss to the at
tentiOn Of farmers and threshermen
and showing them how to avoid 1t,
saved 22,O0OO0O bushels Of grain In
the q states in which the educational
work was carried on last year.
When an average of eight bushels
Of grain Is lost on every farm In the
United States at threshing time every
year, that loss begins to have a per-
sonal meaning. With wheat worth
vent that loss, If possible. And 1t is
entirely possible. The chief source of
loss is the inefficient operation Of
threshing machines.
Any standard threshing machine will
do satisfactory work II kept in repair
and operated intelligently. If the OPP
orator knows his machine, and sees
that 1t is properly adjusted and op-
Grated, grain will come through clean
and losses Will be small. The farmer
should know enough about the general
operation of threshing machine to
detect poor work. which means a d.
rect loss to him.
Adjust Separator Carefully.
To do good work the separator must
be set level, both crosswise and length
wise, and then carefully adjusted to
the particular job at hand. The greater
part of the separation Is done in the
cylinder and Immediately after the
grain passes over 1t. If cracked grains
are frequent there may be too much
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
Chicken.

and cut through the skin to the wing
opening. The head should be left ut.
tached to the windpipe and these Or
gans should be loosened from the neck
down as far as the crop.
With a sharp-pointed knife next cut
around the shoulder blade, pulling II
out of position and breaking 1t. IIo-
cate the white spots on the ribs and
cut along them through the ribs. Also
cut the back to and around the vent,
and loosen 1t. Leaving the head at
tached, loosen the windpipe, gullet and
crop, and remove the digestive tract
from the bird. Then remove the lungs
and kidneys with the point of the
knife and cut off the neck close to the
body. Cut through the backbone at
| the joint just above the diaphragm
and remove the OF, sack. Then sep
arate the breast FROM the backbone by
cutting through on the white spots
and breaking
| 1t is cSsentlal to cut In sharply at
the poini of the breastbone and to
rcm We the wishbone with the meat.
The fllet should also be cut from each
side of the breastbone, while the bones
Of the breast should be bent in.
How to Can Chicken.
In packing the fowl for canning
purposes use quart Jar. Pack the
saddle with thigh inside; the breast
bone with thigh inside; the back
bone and ribs with a leg inside, the
leg end downward alongside the
breastbone; then the wings. the wish
bone, the flllets. and the neck bone.
Do not pack the giblets with the meat.
Fuller directions for the home can
ming of chicken. meats, soups, fruits
and vegetables may be found In farm
ers' bulletins of the United States De
partment Of Agriculture, which will
be supplied free of charge to anyone
requesting them from the Division Of
! Publications.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
The popular liking for cottage
cheese, which is rapidly gaining favor
In many parts Of the country, presents
new problems In marketing, say mar
ket specialists of the United States
department of agriculture. Marketing
methods which make 1t possible for
consumers to obtain this valuable food
product in a desirable condition, have
not been well developed In many mar
kets. A good quality Of cottage
cheese. however, when sold in suit
able packages at a reasonable price,
will be used by numerous consumers
during all seasons Of the year. Many
creameries, as well as dairymen and
farmers, are producing cottage cheese
as a side line, and find they can dis
pose of 1t readily.
Cottage cheese is unlike butter In
general characteristics, but may be
merchandised In much the same man.
ner. 1t should be placed in a con-
tainer that will not only protect 1t
tIOLh puh VIII uiSV dit
In preserving its qualities for a rea-
sonable period. The most commonly
used types Of packages for retailing
cottage cheese are the parchment pa
per wrapper, tinfoil wrapper, paper
oyster pail, butter cartons, fiber board
packages, and glass or earthenware
jars. The more desirable types Of
cartons are those which offer the best
protection against the entrance Of air,
since they protect the cheese from con-
tamination and keep 1t in satisfactory
condition until used.
Wrapping Cottage Cheese.
When a good grade Of parchment
paper is used and care is used In
wrapping it neatly around the cheese,
II Is an economical and serviceable
package. Where quantities of a half
pound or less are purchased, the small
oil parchment paper bag, similar to
that used for sailed peanuts, has
proved satisfactory. Tinfoil wrappers
make Incorporating package that Is
practically alright, and protects the
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

age Is often unsupported until beyond
repair. They gain entrance to build.
ings through wood which comes In
contact with the ground. Flooring
and other stationary woodwork and
furniture frequently become infested
when the wooden beams are laid d..
rectly on the earth or In moist con-
crete and are often reduced to mere
shells, the interior being completely
honeycombed. Always the ants pre-
fer to work In dark, warm, moist
places.
White ants occasionally injure
large trees and shrubs. In Florida
they have done notable damage to
newly planted groves Of orange trees.
having eaten the bark about the col
lar and roots and completely girdled
the trees. Similar damage has been
recorded to other fruit and nut trees,
especially In the southern states. In
the South also ants occasionally in
lure the stems and roots Of a great
variety Of grain and truck crops. In
jury to corn In the prairie region Of
Kansas has resulted from the early
presence Of the insects In enormous
quantities In heavily sodded soil
where they feed on the roots Of the
vegetation. There are numerous rec
ords OF ant injury to young fruit and
nut seedlings In nurseries and to
other nursery stock, and to young
trees planted In recently cleared
ground or soil rich in humus. The
ants also injure a variety Of shrubs,
weeds and flowers In gardens as well
as In greenhouses.
Since white ants are difficult %
eliminate from the woodwork of q
building when once established every
pfecaution should be taken to prevent
their gaining entrance. Where pos
slble, foundations Of buildings should
be entirely Of stone. brick or concrete,
including stone columns or pillars ip
the basement to support the. floor
above. Make the floors and walls n
thu basement or cellar Of concrete anf
lay the floors on 2 gravel base. Wher.
stone or concrete foundations are Inn
practicable use timber irnpregDatee
with coal-tar creosote.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

and produce fine misty spray. Sew
eral different kinds, varying somewhat
in shape and construction, but built
ON the compassionate principle, are
now offered for sale.
The spray formula used was $3.50
Bordeaux soap mixture, composed OF
five pounds Of copper sulphate, five
pounds stone lime, three pounds resin
fish oil soap, and fifty gallons Of water.
To reduce the work Of preparing
spray mixtures the following stock
solutions were made: Five pounds of
copper sulphate (blue stone) was dis
solved by suspendlng 1t In wooden
vessel containing five gallons of wa
ter. Copper sulphate corrodes iron
and tin. Five pounds Of stone lime
(quick-lime) was slaked In another
vessel by slowly adding water at first
and later Increasing the volume to five
gallons. Three pounds Of resin fish
by stirring It in hot water until thin
and increasing the volume to- five gal.
Ions by adding water Of ordinary tenn
perature.
These stock solutions keep indefin-
itely II not mixed or weakened by
rain, but the lime should be covered
to prevent drying out and air'slaking.
The level of the liquid when freshly
made and after each spray period
should be marked on each vessel, and
water added when needed to restore
loss by evaporation.
Ten gallons Of sp.ay mixture are
prepared by taking one gallon of each
freshly stirred stock solution and in
creasing It to three and one-third gal
Ions by adding water, and by pouring
together and stirring the three dilut
ed solutions thus made. The result
ing mixture Is ready for use as soon
as strained and should be used while
fresh, as It deteriorates by standing.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
SHIP EGGS BY PARCEL POST
PraetieabIlIty Demonstrated by Fact
That Eggs outnumber Any Other
Of Farm Products.

prepared by the United States Depart.
ment OF Agriculture.)
The practicability of shipping eggs
by parcel post Is demonstrated by the
fact that more parcels of eggs than
any other one product pass through
the mails. In order to test various
methods Of packing and handling eggs
the Office Of Markets and Rural organ
ization has shipped more than 100
dozen eggs through the mails from
various points, under various. condi-
tons, and In different types Of contain
ers, without undue loss, either In the
expense Of shipment or the condition
Of the eggs on reaching the consumers
kitchen.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
ELIMINATING VERMlN
FROM POULTRY FLOCK
Satisfactory Way Is to Treat
Each Fowl Individually.
Commercial Sodium Ffuorld 10 e.
fective and Can Be Purchased at
Most Drug Stores-can Also
Be Used In Solution.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
Recent experiments by the United
States department of agriculture have
shown that a very satisfactory way
of eliminating lice from poultry Is
to treat each fowl separately with So
dunn fluorid. Commercial sodium
fluorid may be purchased at most drug
stores ut from 80 to 60 cents pound
and may be applied either by the So
called "pinch" method or by means of
a duster made by punching small nail
holes In the bottom of can having a
tight-flttlng cover or by dipping. II
the pinch method is used, the bird Is
held on a table while a pinch Of So
dunn fluorid is applied next to the
skin under the feathers, as follows:
One pinch under the head. one on the
neck, two on the back, one on the
breast, one below the vent, one on the
tail, one on each thigh, and one on
the underside Of each wing. The
feathers should be ruffled to allow the
powder to get next to the skin. II the
bird is held In large. shallow pan.
the small quantity Of powder which
falls of will be saved. II the powder
Is busted on by means of q shaker
the amount of sodium fiuorid used may
be reduced by using four parts Of road
dust or -four to one part Of the chemi.
cal. This method requires the serv.
ices Of second person to hold and
When large numbers Of birds are
to be treated the sodium fiuorid may
be used in. the form of a dip, using
one ounce. OF commercial sodium fiu-
GRID to each gallon Of water. The
bird should be. held by the wings and
plunged INTO q tub full Of the solui
ton, leaving the head out. while the
feathers are ruffled with the hand to
allow the solution to penetrate to the
skin. The head Is then ducked once
or twice and ,fhs bird allowed to stand
III minute TO dram anu then released.
Dipping u just a. effective a. the
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

Large pile shows grain wasted while
threshing 2Ia busheIs-S pints In
this Instance. Small pile shows
grain wasted after adjustments had
been made to machine-Iess than
pint. The unnecessary loss Of z
pInts occurred every two minutes the
separator was In operation. This
means that 4a per cent Of the grain
was lost.
end play of the cylinder, the speed
may be too high, or the concaves may
be set too high. The teeth may be
crooked or too high and not conferred.
Too rapid speed will also crack grain.
Dry grain demands a lower speed Of
the cylinder.
Unthreshed heads are often found
in the tailings. This results from
missing or broken teeth, or teeth too
far apart, not centered. or badly worn !;
concave set too low, or concave with
not enough teeth. The speed Of the
cylinder also causes many unthreshed
heads. Damp, unripe or moldy grain
requires more than normal speed Of
the cylinder to thresh 1t out well.
Operator Should Know Machine.
Grain is lost through the improper
adjustment of other parts of the sep
arator as well as the cylinder, SO 1t Is
evident that the operator must be
thoroughly familiar with the entire
machine. It may not be possible to
save all the grain now lost, but the
careless operator who does not know
how to adjust the different parts of his
machine will waste great amount UNI
necessarily. He will surely have to
make frequent stops for adjustment.
Every time a machine stops the whole
crew must be idle until II starts again
IA loss Of time to everybody con-
cerned.
Manufacturers furnish instruction
books on the care and operation of
their threshing machine. They have
spent years in experimenting, and they
know how their machines should be
run to secure the most satisfactory
results. A great deal Of the trouble
experienced by the thresherman IL due
to his disregard Of or even neglect to
read the manufacturers' instructions,
There are other ways in which grain
can be saved, but the proper operation
| Of the separator is the most important
Eficient operation of the threshine
machine should interest both thresher
men and fayvuers.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
WHITE ANT IS CAUSE
OF SERIOUS DAMAGE
Little Insects Are Essentially
Wood Destroyers.
There Are Numerous Records OF In
Jury to Young Fruit and Nut Tree
Seedlings and to Young Trees
Planted In Rich Soil.
prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)


prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
Unless proper care Is taken 60
make buildings white-ant proof, and
to eliminate these ants from build
ings already established, the insects
may cause serious damage. especially
In the southern states.
White ants, or termites, are essen
TALLY wood destroyers, and live In
nests In the. wood Of dead trees. de-
caying logs or stumps In the forest
In the foundation timbers OF build
ings, fences and other structures OF
wood in contact with the ground; or
in q labyrinth Of underground pas
cages In the earth usually underneath
wood or vegetation. An average col
ony contains several thousand indi'
viduals, but owing to their subterra-
mean habits they frequently carry on
their work unnoticed, and II Is some
times very difficult to destroy them
once they get established in a build
Ing.
Though colonies are made up Of
both wingless and winged individuals
the grayish white. soft-bodied wing
less workers are the destructive form
These workers make the excavations
am live underground, shun the light
and are therefore rarely seen. Al
w8ys coming up through underground
pase6Res M work IN the interior
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
PRODUCTION OF LIVE STOCK
Renewed Interest In Raising Cattle
Caused by Recent Market Values
for Animals.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculturs.)
Recent market values for meat ami
mails have caused renewal Of inter-
est in the raising of live stock on
farms of all sizes. The study of rails
Ing and dlsposing Of crops to the best
advantage also suggests the more gen.
eral and more careful production Of
live stock. ~ u -
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29

other methods, but should not be used
on very weak or young birds or in
cold or damp weather.
One pound Of sodium fluorld will
treat 100 birds. Figuring persons
time at 20 cents an hour and the drug
at 40 cents pound, 1t has been estiS
mated that 1t costs about $1.20 to treat
100 fowls by the pinch method.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
CARE OF HORSES SHOULDERS
Prevent Accumulation Of Dirt and
Dandruf on Collars, Especially II
Soreness Develops.

Do not use sweat pads. Keep collars
clean of dandruff and dirt. especially
IL soreness develops. Sponge the shoul-
ders of WORK horses with cold water
at night after work. If they are
sweaty at noon, sponge at noon also.
Care should be taken In fitting collars
on work horses. Many collars are too
big or too loose. If the withers are
fat or especially full. the fitting Of col
lars will need extra care.--Ohio State
University.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
.PoulrRYNoTr5
Nx8 NJ 81 oac

Be sure the chicks have plenty Of
shade II you want the best growth.
Frequent disinfecting Of co6ps and
utensils will do much to keep disease
away.
Plenty Of whitewash IN cops ard.
hen houses helps to keep down vermin
and disease germs.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
FATTEN DUCKS FOR MARKET
For Two Weeks oNs Mbsturs 81 Corn.
meal, MlddIIngs, Bran, Meat Scrap
~ and Green Feed. ~

Before marketing the ducks, fatten
for two weeks on mixture of three
pounds cornmeal, two pounds mid
dllpgs. one pound bran. one pound
meat scrap, one pound. green. feed.
three per cent grit. Moisten with sour
milk or buttermilk. Feed quite wet.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-08-29
eAPEs IN LITTLE CHICKENS
Disease Kills Moro Young Fowls Than
Any Other Allment-DIsoour.
ages Poultry Keeping.

Probably more little chickens are
killed by gapes than by any. other one
disease. On nearly every farm at
least few chickens, die every spring
Of this trouble, and on many farms
the loss II SO great a. to discourage
tie keeping Of poultry. &g&t
The Washington herald., 1919-01-03
Is COLD STARS
ON TECHS LIST
Announcement Made Last
Night at Annual Alumni
Meeting.

Mckinley High School has fur
nished T2 officers and enlisted men
to the United States army and navy,
according to a statement made last
night by President Roy F. Carty at
the annual meeting of its Alumni AS
sociation. held at the school building.
Seventh street and Rhode Island ave-
nue..
THE roll of honor" said Mr.. Carty.
"shows Az stars, OF which twenty-five
are gold. having given their lives In
the service of their coutry, OF these
members we are especially proud and
know that their Tech training assist
ed in winning the many laurels they
received.
A number of graduates who had
seen service overseas attended the
meeting and gave short accounts OF
their war experiences.
Among these was Lieut.. Command
er Edward Webster, of the United
States navy, who gave an interesting
account of his trip across with a feet
Of converted yachts, each one of
which was towing submarine
chaser. There were about forty ships
in the fleet and such heavy seas were
encountered that one dark night the
towline of one OF the subchasers
parted and all on board were lost
For some months Lieut. Webster
was stationed at Punta del Gada, the
American naval base in the Azores.
The Washington herald., 1919-01-03

favored instead Of triumphal arch.
which has been discussed by various
civic bodies. The plans as recon-
mended by the society include q per-
manent building. modelled somewhat
after the Red Cross headquarters at
Seventeenth and d streets northwest.
which shall contain a banquet hall,
an auditorium and stage. a library
and museum to preserve the trophies
of this and other wars. Rooms also
would be set aside as lodge centers
for the military and semi-military or
ganizations of the District. 1t was
proposed that this building be built
on the site CT the present temporary
government buildings at Four-and-a-
half and B streets. 1t Is believed that
Congressman James, Of Michigan, will
introduce a bill before the present
session of Congress for the appropria-
ton of $4,000 for this purpose.
The report of the work Of the
union for gassed and shell-shock pa
tients at st. Elizabeth's Hospital was
made last night. Tobacco and cigar
cites. as well as literature. are week.
ly distributed by the committee ap-
pointed for that purpose. Mrs. George
B. McGrath. 1881 Park road north
west, yesterday presented the garri-
son with a supply. Of smokes for the
men. 1t is planned to continue this
work throughout the year.