The copper era and Morenci leader., 1919-01-31
THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL
 ARIZONA MINE

Sylvester Mowry, in his address be- fore the Geographical society in 1859, said:
 The Heitzelman mine at Tubac, Arizona, so called after the president of the company, bids fair to become more famous than any of the great niues of Old Mexico. From late sme,ted yield the astonishing aver age of $950 per ton. I saw this mine in September of last year. About two hundred tons of ore had already been extracted, and the yield from one small furnace was about one thousand ounces per week. At a cost of S39,- GOO, the company have brought from San Francisco and erected anna gamat- ing works, from which they expect to obtain $30O0 per day, million a year. This mine has the most extra ordinary reputation throughout So- nora found, in travelling through the state, that almost every shop keeper knew the value of the ore. It was obtained from miners, who had stolen and sold or exchanged it for goods.
 Parish in his history says that the reduction works of the Heintzleman mine were located on the Arivoca ranch, eight miles distant from the mine, and connected with it by an excellent road. The process used was the European barrel amalgamation for argentiferous copper ores, and was introduced by MT. Kustel, Ger man metallurgist, about the year 1859. About one and a half tons of ore per day were reduced. Six dry stamps, a steam arrastra, one rever- beratory roasting furnace, together with ten horse power eneine con- stituted the works. This was the first time the barrel process for the treat ment of agentiferrous ores was used in the United States, and being ex- perimental, was far from perfect Lieutenant Mowry, in his Arizona and Sonora page 167, says:
 From the results obtained in 1859 cn 160 tons of amalgamated ore, it appears that about 24,OO0 worth of silver was produced. The loss of quicksilver equalled one pound (ona dollar for every forty dollars of silver extracted. The consumption of cop per was 14S0 pounds, of salt 32,0GO pounds, of wood 300 cords. The pre- duction of silver at the Heintzelman mine is estimated at over S1OO,OOO, not including large amounts of ore stolen and worked in Sonora
 Besides there were many other mines and prospects being worked in that vicinity. Tubac became one Of the most prosperous towns in the territory, with mixed population of 300 or more, with handsome resi- dences, store rooms, gardens and life. At Santa Rita, Sopori and Ari- vaca there were small reduction works, and a great deal of bullion was produced. The ores were rich, easily
 
 raids by Apaches, the work of devel- opment went steadily on until the : breaking out of the Civil War, when garrisons stationed in that section of the country were withdrawn, and the population left to the mercy of the Apaches and marauding MeXicans, who believing that the government of the United States was broken up, crossed the border and carried off what the Apaches did not destroy. Harrassed by outlaws and exposed to constant attacks of the Apaches, the , mining camps were abandoned. Tubac was reduced to a mass of blackened adobe walls, and in a few short months heaps of desolate ruins were all that was left of the mining camps in this vicinity-Exchange