davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
At the Tomb or Grotius,

From Amsterdam we are Informed
that President WILSON expects to
visit Holland for the purpose Of pay
ing his respects to the memory of the
Dutchman HUGO GRoTIUs, who is
described without extravaganza OF
statement as the founder of the mod
ern science of international law as
based on human nature and essential
justice. No statesman could contem-
plate the repute of GRorrUs without
profit; no statesman charged with
the supreme duty that now rests on
the shoulders Of President WILSON
could recall without advantage the
career Of the mighty thinker, of whom
we read:
"In the De Jure Prada OF 1904 there
Is much moro than the germ Of the
later treatise DE Jure Belli' It's main
principles. and the whole system o:
thought implied in the later. are antici-
pated in the earlier work. The arrange
ment even is the same.
The chief difference between the two
treatises is one which twenty years ex-
perience In affairs could not bu. bring
the substitution OF more cautious and
guarded language. less dosmatic affirma-
ton. more allowance for exceptions and
deviatons."
GRorIrs, whose early intellectual
Towering and whose continued intel
lectual greatness excite the wonder
and admiration of all men to-day,
grew more liberal, more cautious, less
violently eelfconvinced, in the studi-
Gus and fruitful years Of his remark
able life; and the contemplation Of
his increasing liberality and tolerance
must be beneficial to even the most
accomplished statesmen of modern
times.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
PINCHOT ATTACKS
SENATOR PENROSE
Calls on Him to Withdraw as
Candidate to Head Finance
Committee.
FEARS EFFECT IN 1920
Pennsylvania Called Worst
Type Of Politician in
America.

Clifford Pinchot, who was chief Of the
Bureau OF Forestry OF the Department
OF Agriculture during President Roose-
ve,t's Administration and one Of the CEN
trail figures in the Ballingcr-Pinchotc con-
troversy that involved the Department
of the Interior during the Taft Admins
tration. has written an open letter to
United States Senator Boies Penrose OF
Pennsylvania demanding that the Penn
sylvanian withdraw his name from con-
sideration for the Craftsmanship of the
Senate Finance Committee in the new
Congress.
Mr.. Pinchot was the Progressive can
didate for Senator from Pennsylvania In
1914 and was defeated by Senator Pen
rose. Mr.. Pinchot prefaces his COM
municatlon TO Senator Penrose with a
disclaimer OF any suggestion that his
criticisms OF the Senator's attitude on
public matters may be laid to pique. dis
appointment or spite, but goes on to say
that the middle West regards Mr.. Pen
rose as the most perfect living repre-
sentative of the worst type OF politics in
America"
Mr.. Pinchot declares that tho proba-
billty OF Senator Penrose succeeding TO
the chalr1nanship Of the Senate Finance
Committee looms UP as one Of the prin-
cipal obstacles 10 Republican success in
1920
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Wefmar.

Premier EBERT and PHILIP ScHEr.
DEMAyT, says a despatch from Ber-
lin. have gone to Weimar to prepare
the Court Theatre for the meeting of
the National Assembly early in Feb
ruary. The choice Of this Little town,
associated with the classical age of
German literature, with GOETHE.
SCHILLER, WAoNn and LIszT, was
largely due to the desire to remove
the assembly from the influence of
northern Germany and the danger OF
interference to which it might be sub
jected at Berlin. Weimar Is free
enough from any disturbing influences
that would result from Industrial ac-
tivitles. Old Duke CHARLES Angus.
TUs in building up a poets town"
discouraged manufactures and they
have never since gained much head.
way; but the railroads came to make
Weimar an easily approachable CEN
tire from all parts Of Germany, even
from German Austria.
"The Germany of Weimar" has been
a frequently used expression refer.
ring TO the philosophical, thinking
Germany which existed before Ho.
henzollernism was supposed 10 have
transformed 1t into stronghold of
militarlsm. Weimar was In the la st
century sort OF literary shrine for
pilgrims from all over the world.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Russias New Land question.

The despatch from Stockholm say
ing that peasants in the interior Of
Russia had risen against the Boil
sheviki because Of excessive taxation
is corroborative OF c.her indications
that after Bolshevism Is dealt with
an agrarian question will have to be
settled before permanent govern
ment Is established. The peasants
are usually reckoned to constitute
about 30 per cent. of the population Of
Russia and their land troubles are Of
long standing.
Russian history indicates that the
part played In the revolution by peas
ants was not inspired by socialistic
teachings-a large proportion of the
peasants are probably too llliterate to
understand such things-but by the
belief, centuries old. that the land
was really theirs. "Our backs belong
to our masters, but the land belongs
to us the serfs used to say, and
the idea back Of the phrase persists
to-day. Agrarian Ills the peasants
attributed to a faulty division Of the
land, and the remedy was a redis-
tribution. They seized the land when
revolution came.
That the remedy suits the peas
ants in part at least is suggested by
reports that normal conditions exist
in some districts. But how about the
real owners of the land? Are they
to be deprived Of their property with
out redress? Here is the new phase
Of the Russian agrarian question.
BoRIs SAvINoFT, War Minister un-
der KERESsKY, who is now In Paris
seeking allied aid for Russia, ex-
presses the opinion that 1t must be
made clear to the peasants that in.
PREVENTION will not take the land
away from them, and suggests that the
former owners should be indemnified
The matter presents many difficult
ties. II peasants rose In revolt
against taxes, resistance would be
likely to an attempt to take away
from them land which they had seized
and distributed"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
CLUBS FACE HARD TIMES.
Prohibition and Higher Tax on Dues
Threaten Trouble.

To THE EprroR OF THE SuN--s,r: Tho
proposed raise IN the tax on club dues
is the most obvious case yet OF kill
ing the goose"
We have in New York. II Is said
10000 club members, How many are
there In the entire United States? Every
club man in New York belongs to from
one to twenty clubs.
Prohibition will drive a man to give
up half or more Of his clubs. and half
the clubs will close IN consequence. An
increase in the Government tax on dues
will cause them to be raised corre-
spondingly. This will close half OF the
remaining clubs How can Congress
figure out an increase In revenue from
clubs in any way7
This Ia one OF the Hrst results Of
prohibition. and the cost must be met
in another way,
To save the clubs. and some of tho
revenue. the tax should be reduced to,
say. 8 per cent H. w.
NEW YORK, January IS.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
CONCURRENT PROHIBITION.
Does II Conflict With Other Sections
Of the Constitution?

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sr: The
prohibition amendment is police regu-
lation. According TO decisions of the
Supreme Court the police power is vested
in the States and has never been sur
rendered by them to the Federal Gov
eminent The Federal Government Is
now taking over an important part Of
the police power with the consent OF
nearly all the State legislatures. 1t is
also taking II over In States whose legts-
latures do not consent.
The Federal Constitution Is grant
OF legislative power, while the State
constitutions are merely limitation OF
1t. A grant OF legislative power by the
Federal Cons.tut.on to the States OF the
Union is novelty in our Jurisprudence.
and such grant OF police power 10
even greater novelty.
The grant OF legislative power IN tho
Federal Constitution Is a grant OF II TO
the Congress only. (Article l.. Section
- But the second section of the pro-
hibiton amendment grants concurrent
power to Congress and the several States
to enforce by appropriate legislation the
provisions OF that amendment Legis-
lation of that sort does not enforce it.
self. and a grant of power Is futile I'M
less II includes a grant OF means for the
enforcement OF IL Such legislation 10
ordinarily enforced through the courts.
and State legislation is ordinarily en-
forced through State courts.
grant OF concurrent power 20 the
Congress and the several States for the
enforcement OF the prohibition amend
ment Is therefore a grant to them of
equality IN judicial as well as legsla-
tive power. II so. the amendment Is in
conflict with the third article OF the
Federal Constitution. which vests judi
cial power IN cases" exclusively in the
courts OF the United States. as well as
in conflict with the first article, which
vests legislative power exclusively in the
Congress and being in conflict with
these articles which mark the funda-
mental separation Of the States and the
nation, Il - revolutionary. LEX
ISpIASAPoLTs, Ind. January rs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
WANTED, A LEADER.
Plight Of the Taxpayer Confronted by
Mounting Expenditures.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sir: A
few days ago you placed headline over
the letter Of a correspondent suggesting
that the reason why the Government
would not accept statements OF income
taxes was that places would not thereby
be afforded to ofiice seekers.
This country has always been prolific
OF societies. but since the outbreak OF
the European war the number OF these
organizations has multiplied until now
hardly Il day passes for the man who
"enjoys even a little prominence with
out his being the recipient of one or
more invitations to align himself with
this or the other sort of movement. Just
now the promoters in naming these VEN
lures are fond of using the at present
thoroughly hackneyed word league
which. in passing, | should like TO say.
will before many moons prove hateful
for any sort of organization.
But all this Is afeld of what ! have In
mind, namely, the aforesaid headline.
1t hits the nail squarely on the head, but
It will require something more II IT Is
to be driven home. Far be Il from my
Intention to start another league" in
fiction on a long suffering public, but II
something IL not inaugurated soon to
relieve the already overburdened corpo-
rate and individual taxpayer the tax
takers will perforce be out of their Jobs.
In fact, we shall all be out Of jobs.
Hence arise to ask: Is II not time
for the thrifty and downtrodden men
who carry the constantly increasing bur
den of the rapidly increasing number
and rate OF taxes to turn like the pro-
verbal worm to call a halt on useless
and wasteful municipal. State and ma
tional expenditures, and TO do 1t so def
nitelr and effectively that relief will be
found7 The average citizen groans and
expostulateS over the amount Of taxes
mounting mountain nigh over his de-
fencelees head. but the leader does not
come forward to conduct him out OF his
slough of despond. Perhaps you can
And one he will have many willing fol-
lowers and helpers.
A WEAK TAxPATER
NEw YORK, January rs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Tapping at a stars Door.

WILLIAM MARCoSI believes that tho
waves OF ether are eternal and that
planets other than Earth may be in.
habited; therefore, why not COM
munlcation with Inhabited planets II
we are patient enough and keep the
wireless shooting away into space?
HAROLD BEGBIE, who was interview
ing the scientist for the London Daily
Chronicle, suggested that the lack OF
a common language was a great OBJ
stacle, but Mr.. MARcoNI refused to re-
gard 1t as insurmountable:
you see. one might get through some
such message as 2 plus 2 equals I. and
60 on repeating II until an answer came
back sign!tying Yes Which would be
one word Mathematics must be the
same throughout the physical universe
BY sticking TO mathematics over q num-
Der OF years one might come to speech.
1t Is certainly possible"
Let US suppose that a powerful
wireless apparatus begins to-day TO
shoot message designed for Cen
taurl. the nearest star except the
neighbor of It which was discovered
last year. Three or four years from
now the Hertzian waves, having
crossed the void, will be beating at
the stars door and saying 1.-TWO and
two make four" Let us add the gen
erous hypothesis that the inhabitants
Of Centauri or It's planets, If 1t has
any. have the sense OF hearing or Of
feeling and means Of receiving
ether waves. The message may be In
Morse or something simpler; perhaps
two dots, space, two dots, space, four
dots. What then? Are we to imag-
Inc a rapid gathering OF silk hated
and frock coated Centaurian scientists
to work over the puzzle? Assuming
that there is consciousness in the
star, there IS nothing to Justify n
further assumption that there are
also silk hats, scientists or reasoning
powers up there.
The imaginative writer's on the
heavenly bodies and their creatures
have tied our imaginations. They al
ways give US bipeds. with heads, as
the creatures Of the planets. They
have gone around the simpler view
that the people OF the skies perhaps
neither walk nor think. They may
live n perfect life without our senses
or our weaknesses. They may he IN
visible and unpalpablc. II there he
Mnrtians, which most sober scientist i.
doubt, 1t is not necessary that they
have evening clothes and hardening
of the arteries and enjoy boiled onions
on Sunday In winter.
Taking It for granted that there are
men IN the planets so gifted that they
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
CONFINE THE GERMS!
Receptacles Needed for the Sweep.
ings OF Sidewalks.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Str:
have read with much interest Or. Cope
lands rules which he asks us TO OBJ
serve. SO as to stop the spread OF infiu-
enza II Is my observation that the
majority of people pay no attention to
them.
I notice men and women cough and
sneeze in cars restaurants. &C. without
attempting to cover their nostrils and
mouth. Also. that the habl; OF splitting
on sidewalks. stairways and down graf
ings Is INDUCED in more freely than
ever. The dust and any debris on side
walks are swept into the street, where
the next wind blows the stun back on
the sidewalk
I should think = would Re possible 10
frame an ordinance which would compel
the sweepings Ola sidewalk 20 be placed
IN a receptacle OF some kind II this
were done Il would prevent the constant
blowing around OF sidewalk dust
NEW YORK, January rs. G. 8. B.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
CENSUS QUESTIONS.
Information the Senate Aims TO Sc.
cure From Citizens.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir. While
examining THE Sun OF January 10 1
happened to notice the following:
The Senate amended the bill to provide
for the fourteenth census by striking out
the provision which gave TO the Director
OF the Census the determination of tho
number and form of inquiries relating to
population. AMI specified In another amend
mont just what the number and form OF
those questions shall be. They are few and
sensible. :.
Having some familiarity with the mat
ter OF fourteenth census legislation. |
derived great entertainment from my
perusal OF the foregoing. The few and
sensible" inquiries relating to population
provided for by section s of the census
bill as amended by the Senate are set
forth in the following language:
Such a survey and records shall include
specifically and in detail for each and
every inhabitsnt the place and date OF
BIRTH acute and chronic contagious dis
eases: occupstionsl diseases and accidents;
school attendance and progress. business
or vocational training; military training or
service. and wounds or disabilities con-
tracted in service. high school, college or
technical training; health and physical
condition: the health and physical condi-
ton Of all school children under fourteen
years OF age and OF all males under forty-
Ave years OF age. as ascertained by an
dnrsoi medical examination: place, character
sanitation and tenure of abode: relation
ship to head OF family; color. sex. age.
contugal condition.. occupation: condition
Of employment or Unemployment: regis
trstion in Federal employment agency.
whether employer or employee. trade;
business: public of1css, honors or special
achievements. payment OF taxation or In
surance premiums: whether qualihed and
habituaNy exercising suffrage rights In
state and Federal elections: place of birth
of parents. nationality and mother tongue.
and knowledge OF English II born In q
foreign country; nationality. mother tongue
and knowledge Of English OF parents OF
foreign birth. and number OF years In thu
United States; literacy; ard the date, place
and cause OF death.
may remark in passing that the
Senate amendment also provides for in
qu!ries relating to education. health and
insurance, none Of which was covered
at the last decennial census. The state
ment OF the inquiries to be carried by
about 325 ems OF type, and the descrip-
ton OF the schedule for public health ana
insurance Is OF approximately the same
length.
Few and sensible"-oh, yes. indeed
LIZ VERNE BEALEs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27

can hear us tapping 'out our simple
arithmetic, we cannot be sure that
arithmetic means anything at all to
them. 1t took us of tha earth con-
siderable while to discover the shape
OF the earth itself, and it was not
n natural need, like lack Of food, that
brought about the discovery. 1t was
curiosity, vice which may not exist
in any planet except this. If there is
no curiosity in other stars or planets
the conscious spirits there will pay no
attention to our Hertzian assault,
We do not discourage the attempt
to communicate with other parts Of
the universe, however. The very fact
that 1t would take twenty six years to
send a message to Arcturus makes
MIR. BuRLEsoS's mail service look
little better. Not much, though.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT


NJ, way poNI south IN Dixie" by DR.
Hgh School. ~ Irving place stereopticon
Sir Waiter Scott" by Pro, J G. C.-.,
Troop. formerly OF Chicago Cniversty p q
-; For1y-second street east OF Third avenus
- Tho struggle for the National Idea in ,ho
United States" by Vincent Gilroy. p az
l56f h street and ST Nicholas avenue w.
=, Armenia and the Armenlans" by Bedros
X. Apelian, an Armenian by birth who a.
Caped TO America in 1907. p 8 So S,S Pa,
flily-seventh street, Stereopticon view.
The Spoken Word Compared with an.
written Word zone OF course on '-rh. A.,
OF Public SpeakingO, by Arthur j. We.ter
nav, IL NJ. P. s Sc, Hester. Essex and
:, The Battle OF verdun." by Ruin.
vance r S. 49,. 81. Nicholas avenus And
David Lloyd George" nv John u NJ.
Three Reformers-Tolstoy' Th,.n Cha. ,
hy Henrietta v. klenze Phi d, Of Chit n
tniyersity, Bible school Hall, ri West FIN
Paris, Past and Present" BY Mis-. rsv,,.
= Meday. who lived among French nsonis
IN CITY and country, 81. COLUMBIA Hall sts
Mesi Twenv-eighth street StereopticoS
BRONX.
''Ths Glories of Venice" nv Carat, n
Services, Morris High School, isStb Sra, IA
Boston road. Stereopticon views SHu
by Canoe TO Hudson Bay" nv A,,n.o,
y spinner, p 5, i6. lssth street betmsom
Bainortdse and Briggs avenues s,ereoe,in
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
this loss, as shameful rs huge for the
little bond holders,

this loss, as shameful rs huge, for the
little bond holders.
The extreme urgency Of the war no
longer compelling. the United States
Government should never issue an
other dollar of bonds on a basis that
would cut more value out Of the bill
ions of dollars which the 10000. 900
little bond holders have invested with
their country. The United States Gov
eminent should never issue another
dollar of bonds at any interest rate
or in any form that would not put
value into the billions Of securities Of
the 10000, 600 little bond holders; that
would not rescue them from the cats
and dogs class Of securities into which
they have now fallen; that would not
elevate the credit OF the United States
Government to world supremacy. For
the Treasury to do anything else
would be grave financial wrong and
superlative political blunder.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
The Sun Calendar
THE WEATHER.

For eastern New York, fair and
moderate temperature to-day and Ia.
morrow; moderate westerly wind,
For New Jersey. fair. with mid tam.
perhture to-day and Tomorrow, EortI,
variable winds.
For New England. fair and n.,ls-,,.
temperature to-day and to-nprr..v u55.
crate westerly winds.
For western New York fair TO-DAY oad
probably tomorrow mild Temperature
WASHINGTON, Jan. 26.-The storm chat,
was over the northeast portion % mo ,;5,,
of Mexico Saturday night moved randy
northeastward and has disappeared prs-
tho Atlantic Ocean. Durnr tho Ia,,
twenty four hours II was attended ~ PC
eral rains in the east gull ard south A..
lantc States and on the midd.o Atlanta
coast. Rains also have fallen In TrNAs .ns
on the north Pacific coast. Relative. hlrh
pressure now prevails over prac'!c.I- a"
parts OF the country. The pTolongei r,.r.od
OF warm weather continues over p-at' cai'y
all parts of the United States Tho .x,rs,
In Temperature being pronounced ova- al
northern STATES east of the Rock Noun.
tains. The outlook is for fair wcn'hr- and
mild temperature over the STATES ets. ~
the Mississippi during Monday AMI TlAs.
day. although unsettled weather and ra,-s
are probable Tuesday over Alabama M!,.
sissippl. Tennessee and Kentucky.
Observations AZ Cnitss states weatho- Prre,r
stations taken at s =. d. yesterday. seventy.
Nth meridian time
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Middle Vests Opinion
rhe letter In part reads:

The letter In part reads:
1T is we'll known that the middle West
will cast the deciding vote in the next
Presidential election. The middle West
knows YOU mainly as the most perfect
living representative OF the worst type
OF politics In America Indeed. I am
inclined to think II Is fair to say that
no other man in our history has ever
represented to so many Americans all
that is worst IN American public life. II
this is true, 1t is a record. and you are
entitled to whatever credit goes with it,
THE people OF the United States know
that the great monopolies are your
friends. and that YOU accepted a check
for $4,000 from the Standard OIL Com
pany and thanked them for II.
They know that YOU have always
been the champion OF the liquor interests
THE women know that you have
steadily worked and voted against equal
suffrage and child labor legislation.
The farmers know that in 1911 you
voted for the Canadian reciprocity bill
which left farm products unprotected and
put high tariff on trust products
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Next Tariff Bill.

The name of the chairman OF the
Committee on Finance will be insepara-
bly, attached to the coming Republican
tariff bill. which Will probably be more
widely known and discussed by our peo-
pie than any other bill before tho next
Congress.
"It you write the next tariff bill, the
people will believe. and they are likely
TO be right, that it is unduly favorabie TO
special privilege and monopoly. The
Payne-Aldr!ch tariff bill was fatal to the
Republican party in 1912. What would
a Penrose tariff do to II in 1920?
You are a liability. The undivided
support OF all the forces you represent
would fall far short OF CARRYING the Re-
publican party to victory in 1920, even II
the liquor interests had not lost their
strange hold on American politics.
III you are not good enough Re
publican. are you a good enough Amer
lean to withdraw your name:"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-27
Miss Hughan Not . Professor at
Barnard College.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuS--Si-: In
the list OF alleged pacihsts. radicals and
anti-war agitators issued by tho Senate
committee which Is investigating Ger
man propaganda appears tho name OF
Jessie W. Hughan. followed by tho
words professor, Barnard College. New
York"
Miss Hughsn Is Barnard graduate
in the class OF 1898, but she Is not and
never has been a professor or an ofricer
OF any kind in the college.
VIRGINIA c. GILpERsLErvB,
Dean OF Barnard College.
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. January 20.