davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
PRODUCTION OF
 0KLAHOMA0IL LEADSLIST

Associated Press Oil production in Oklahoma in 1918 averaged 204,650 barrels day, with daily conner cial value of $5OO,O00, based on pres ent prices, according to the report of the state oil and gas conservation commission. The report gives the first oil production total announced by any state for 1918. The Tulsa district still leads in oil production, with daily average for the year of 66,O06 barrels, the report states.
 The report says the state also pro-
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
AMERICAN ENSIGN IS
 REWARDED FOR BRAVERY

LIVERPOOL, April 10 (by Associat- ed Press) The Liverpool Shipwreck and Humane Society's silver medal and illuminated certificate were pre- scented the other day to Ensign J. J.. Munns of the United States destroyer Beale for gallantry at sea. :
 In September, when the City of Glasgow was torpedoed, Ensign Munns, in motor boat launched from the Beale, succeeded under great diff ficulty in saving three of the four men left on board
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
GERMANY WILL ERECT
 MANY SMALL BUILDINGS

COBLENZ, April 10 (by Associated Press).-Assertion that there is de- fic1ency of S00,000 dwellings in Ger many due to cessation of construction during the war was made recently at meeting of the Grunewald German Democrats in Cozlenz One contractor said that 160,000 new dwellings should be erected annually in Germany to meet the needs of expansion. It was proposed to begin construction of
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

duced for commercial purposes 36,- 377,645,561 cubic feet of natural gas in 1918, and "muddled in" or con- served for future use 2,780,536,000 cubic feet. In natural gas production total of more than 27,000,000,0 ,000 feet in 1918.
 There are now 23,561 wells in Okla homa, producing oil or gas, the com mission reported.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
LETTER FROM CORONA
 BOYS IN THE SERVICE

The Daily Times is in receipt of a letter from Harold Chadwick of Bat tery F. sgd field artillery, Fort Bliss, Texas, under date of March 25, in which he says that in the course of fourteen days he is to be discharged. He will return to Cordova, and writes: 'T can hardly tell you in writing how much appreciate keeping posted with the Daily Times. have received the papers regularly for the whole fifteen months I have been here on the bor- der. They sure helped to keep me longing to get back home to Alaska, and the time is near at hand. oh, boy!' when I get my papers and can say Well, here comes my train,' watch me ramble."
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Irving Kennedy, former Cordova boy with the supply troop, First cav airy, stationed at Douglas, Ariz., also writes as follows: We are still on the, Mexican border, and don't know wIen our cavalry will move The 17th cavalry, that is here with us, is going to Honolulu April 1, and the 18th infantry is coming here to take it's place. think will get my discharge by May 1. I was thinking about going to Honolulu with the 17th cavalry, but I would have to stay three years, and that is too long. I may re-enlist in the coast artillery. Suppose all the Cor dova boys are returning from the army"
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
TO COMPLETE TUNNEL
 UNDER ENGLISH CHANNEL

LONDON, April 10 (by Associated Press). of a tunnel un- der the English channel to connect England and France, which, according to government announcements, will begin soon, Is 8 century old scheme preached to Napoleon by the cele- brated French engineer Mathieu. Ma poleon favored 1t, but nothing came of the plan owing to war and Napo- Icons downfall. It was not until Napoleon III came to the French throne that actual preliminary work was undertaken. with the approval of the French ruler and Queen Victoria.
 Then came the Franco Prussian war and the scheme again lapsed. Shortly after that war convention was signed between France and England setting forth the conditions under which the tunnel should be constructed. On the English side boring operations were begun near Dover at depth of 160 feet, and seven-foot tunnel was bored for distance of 2,O00 yards. Strong opposition on the grounds of military strategy developed in the British parliament against the project and again 1t was dropped.
 J a ~ s sI
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10
 NOTICE

Subscribers discontinuing the paper will be charged for the current month unless this office is notified. Do not notify nor pay the carrier. K G. ROBINSON, s.s City Circulator.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

If you change your address, do not notify the carrier boy-report your new address to the office.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

small buildings on large scale throughout Germany as quickly as possible.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Captain George A. Parks, who was recently discharged from the canton ment at Montgomery, Ala, left on todays train for Fairbanks, where he is connected with the federal land office.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Tub and shower baths at the Holden pool room barber shop. 9-tf
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Job printing at Daily Times office.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

The Cordova fire department meets tonight, when it will hold its annual election of officers. There are several aspirants for office, and it is hoped that there will be large attendance of members. -.. >a
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Miss Mildred Graham is not a small pox patient and the quarantine has been lifted at her home and against those who came in contact with her the night she was taken ill.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

PURELY LOCAL
 GOSSIP ABOUT
 YOUR FRIENDS The launch Waif has left for Katalla.
 The launch Rolfe left this morning for Katalla and St. Elias.
 Fred Brotherson will leave for the States on the steamer Northwestern. A large number of passengers left for the Interior on this mornings train. Mrs. Tyler has been released from quarantine and will resume her danc- ing lessons. Daniel Kelliher left today for Ken necott to resume his old position at the mines. James D. MacCormac has been housed during the past few days through illness. Mrs. Helen Bell left on this morn ing's train on a business trip to Nc Carthy and Kennecott.
 Captain Ben Durkee and daughter, Miss Julia, Miss White and Mrs. c. A. Bryant left on a launch this morning for katalla.
 The Rag-Time trio will continue to furnish music for the dances at Eagle he'll on Saturday nights, nCtwithstand- ing the reports to the contrary.
 Bogart & Robinson are decorating the interior of Mrs. Kate Rolfe's store, and this work is sample of the su- perior wall finish this enterprising firm is doing.
 Miss Mildred Graham is not a small pox patient and the quarantine has been lifted at her home and against those who came in contact with her the night she was taken ill
 Captain George A. Parks, who was recently discharged from the canton ment at Montgomery, Ala, left on todays train for Fairbanks, where he is connected with the federal land office.
 The Cordova fire department meets tonight, when it will hold its annual election of officers. There are several aspirants for office, and it is hoped that there will be a large attendance of members -... .
 William zacharias and Roy Stone, mining men from the Interior who re- turned on the last boat from the States, left this morning for Tolovana to work their property during the | coming season. A scientist says that in ten thousand years Alaska will have the same tenn perature as now exists on the equator Much as we would like to see it we are afraid we will be forced to leave before that time.-Ex. .... 1 James Hamil left here this morn ing for the Circle district, where he will spend the summer looking after his mining interests. He took J. McPherson, c. A. Moffert, l.. V. Stan ley, w. Heitman and Sid Ensor with him to work on the placer claims. TO COMPLETE TUNNEL UNDER ENGLISH CHANNEL
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

William Zacharias and Roy Stone. mining men from the Interior, who re- turned on the last boat from the States, left this morning for Tolovana to work their property during the coming season.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Bogart & Robinson are decorating the interior of Mrs. Kate Rolfe's store, and this work is a sample of the su- perior wall finish this enterprising firm is doing.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

The Rag-Time trio will continue to furnish music for the dances at Eagle he'll on Saturday nights, notwithstand ing the reports to the contrary.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

Captain Ben Durkee and daughter, Miss Julia, Miss White and Mrs. c. A. Bryant left on a launch this morning for katalla.
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

A scientist says that in ten thousand years Alaska will have the same tenn perature as now exists on the equator Much as we would like to see it we are afraid we will be forced to leave before that time.-Ex. ...
The Cordova daily times., 1919-04-10

James Hamil left here this morn ing for the Circle district, where he will spend the summer looking after his mining interests. He took J.. McPherson, c. A. Moffert, l.. V. Stan ley, w. Heitman and Sid Ensor with him to work on the placer claims.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10

konfederace stane moznosti, ne
muze. hlavni mesto nikdy dou-
fat, re Sc domuze sveho byva-
leho postaveni.
4 toho duvodu navrhuje ba-
ron Haupt, ably v castecnou ma
hradu by,a Widen ucinena 81
diem tribuna,u, kterN bude
bezpochyby stvoren jako po-
mocny organ ligy narodu. Prv-
nj zalezitosti, ktera sc dostane
pred omen tribunal, die jeho ma
hlcdu, bude "nekonecna otaz.
ka" ohledne byvalych rakou.
sko-uherskych statu Balka.
nu. Pravi, ze tribunal, zaseda-
,iici We Vidni by vniknul dc
praveho ducha otazky, coz by
nebylo mono, kdyby zasedal
V PaflZi nebo V Haagu.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10
lYsiiss xY.S2I xMEGi2I
SOUDY A ZASNUBNl PR.
STENY.

Pred vysokym soudnim dvo-
rem V Londyne projsdnavan
hyl nedavno zajimavy pripad,
jcnz vzbudil nemalou pozor
nost nejen v Anglil, a.e zde
We Spoj. Statech: Soudni dvilr
zabyval Sc otazkou, majici me-
malou dulezitost pro divky ma
snatek pomyslejici, rozhodnou
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10
NEMECkA UZEMI PRIVTE.
LENA BUDOU cECHAM
A MORAVE.

Pariz, 8. ledna. - Baron
Haupt, novy rakousky vysla-
nee, prohlasil k zpravodaji Spo
jeneho tisku, re Rakousko Sc
sn1ifilo postoupenim Halice
Polsku k jinym obetem ohle-
dne uzemi dalo Sc pohnouti
k svoleni, aby nemecke casti
Czech Moray byly vteleny do
Gechoslovakie.
Jedina podminka, ktera to-
to svoleni provazi, jest, ably by
la zavedena ncjaka forma VIA
dy, podobna svycarskemu kan
tonovemu systemu, tax ably by
la nemeckemu zivlu v novem
statu zarucena svoboda sebeur
ceni a poiiticka ochrana. Byfo
vypocitano, re je v CechosIo-
vakii 3,5OO,OOO Nemcu CD o.
proti 100000 Cecha.
To by nejenom zahrnovalo
pravo Nemc1 spravovati svoje
vlastni zalezitosti distrik-
tech, kde mali pocetni vetsinu.
ale dalo by Jim tez zastoupeni
v narodnim shromazdeni S IT,
tasti ma Wade.
Baron Haupt pravil, ze oby-
~vatelstvo nemeckeho Rakou-
ska jest rozdeleno asi ma dive
stejne polovice ohledne planu
prlpoJeni So k Nemecku nebo
utvoreni neodvislc republiky.
Pripustil moznost, re vetsina
bude pro toto druhe rozhod-
mutt, We kterem pripadu je mo
zno, De Sc utvori Dunajska fe-
derace statu upravenim ho-
spodafskych stykd a Sc zako-
ny, jake obycejne byvaji two
feny konfederacich statu.
Bee .takoveho styku by byic
nemecke Rakousko odsouzenc
h pezvolne smrti. Jiz nyni jest
zbavepo svych uhlonosnych Ii,
zemi q zemedelskych distxiktll
ma jichz existenci je zavisle.
Widen ztrati valkou nejvice
Jest nemozno, ably opetne jed
nou ziskalo svuj lesk cisafske
no nssta. Pripoji-li Sc Rakoa
sko X Nemecku, stane Sc VI
den grcyincialni,n pfiveske,s.
Berllna kdyz sc Dunajsks
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10

glickeho soudniho dvoru zmd-
nil nahled svdj, neklada dlraz
na svedectyi zalujicfho, ze ja-
kas dohodat o vracenl prstenu
st&vala. Prohlasil totiz zasnub-
nj prsten "a pravoplatny slib
nebo podminecny dar, jinymi
slovy uznal, ze prljme-li zena
zasnubni prsten, pozdeji pax
zasnoubeni zrusi, povinna jest
'prsten odmitnutemu snoubenci
vratiti. V pfipadu tomto jedna
10 Sc o prsten majici ceny Sc IL
Ter sterlingI a ponevadz pro-
kazanp bylo, ze zalobce zasnou
beni nezrusil, dano inu "a pra-
vo a sleena Davisova nucena by
Fla prsten mu vratiti.
Maoha soudni rozhodnuti all
glickych soudl sluzi i dnes "a
podklad rozhodnuti soudI anne
rickych a proto devusky mejte
Sc ma pozoru: Chlubite-li Sc
svym meme Sfastnym druzkam
krasnym zasnubnim prstenem,
hasmite jej povazoyati "a w.
hradnf a nspopirarelny svdj
lnajetek, dokud darce vasim
manzelem sc nestane.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10
w. !.!l!: vs.
VYROCNI ZPRAVA


re schdze reditelstva "Sporitel
nj a pljcovni spolecnosti Fede-
raj" (byvala Mravenec), jez
odbyvana vcerejslho vecera
v Ceske Sini Sokol ma Clark
ave. Schdze zahajena byla pr.
FIR. Kozlikem nacez tajemnik
p. C. A. Bejcek podal ctvrtlet-
nj i celorocni zpravu, ktera by
La uspokojenim prijata. Die
teto zpravy cinil penezni obrat
$940, ,261, coz jest o 500, 900 vi
ce nez roku lonskeho. Projed-
mana dale dulezita otazka uro
kova a usneseno, ably "a vklady
vyplaceno bylo pet procent,
kdezto pdjcky aby byly posky
tovany ma 6 procent.
Pri nasledujici volbe projeve
ma byla dGvera starym dredni
klm a "a predsedu zvolen p. F.
Kozlik, mistopredsedu K. ST.
skovsky, tai. C. A. Bejcek, co
clenove reditelskeho sboru pax
PIP. +. Novy, F. Sakryd, K. Slap
(nicka, j. Vetrovsky, J. Novak,
P. Neuzil, j. Jirik, K. Kvarda a
j. Pekar. Cleny revisorniho Wy
boru stall sc panove: V. Mate
[jo, j. Ryjant, V. Blabolil, J.
Masek, Ch. Vokoun, Jos. No
wax, Ch. Slapnicka, K. Hoch,
j. ITCHY, Jos. Hejna, X. Ko-
clan, V. Prech, A. Urbanec a A.
Mlazovsky.
Jmenovana spolecnost "a do
bu sveho 21 leteho trvani Wy
dobyla sobe ma zapadni strane
svym poctivym a nevyderac-
skym obchodem uznani cele We
rejnosti a pomohla tisicum k
vlastnim domovum.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10

/, totiz mel, zdaz divka, jake
prijemce zasnubniho prstenu,
opravnena jest prsten "a sydj
majetek 81 ponechati, kdyz "a
snoubeni zrusi.
Moss Jacobs, vozataj v kra-
lovskem anglickem garrison
Inim delostreiectvu prohlaal "a
lsnoubeni sve Sc slecnou Emily
Davisovou, jejim dplnym We
domim a svolenim, 2 ma dIkaz
toho venoval snoubence krasny
prsten. Pri soudu syedcil, ze
Ipri venovahf prstenu doslo me-
III MIN a divkou k dohode v
tom smyslu, ze snoubenka pr
stem mu vrati,. kdyz by 2 jich
snatku 2 jakekoliy pficiny se-
slo. Soudce pripadu tomHto
predsedajici, pohhzel ma dohe
du tn ponekud jinak. Zdal Sc
lbyti naklonen nahlsdu, ze "a
snubni prsten daya Sc bez jake
koliv podmlnky ot&zkou bylo,
jak anglicky zakopik pohlizi
na venovani zasnubnfho pr
stenu.
We vsech ctyrech velkych
sbirkach rozhodnuti angli-
ckych soudu uceny soudce ne
nohl nalezti nj iedine rozhod-
mutt, jez by k pripadu tonnuto
pfilehalo. Nalezeno bylo pouze
jedine rozhodnuti a to aorda
Hardwicka, jednoho z nejvet-
|sich anglickych brdI kancle-
ru, kteryz ponekud vztah ma "a
snubni prsteny melo. Lord
Hardwicke poiednaval vsak
sve dolby povsechnc jen "a
|snubnich prstenech q nikoliv o
|jejich vraceni. O venovani Ia
snubniho prstenu uvazoval vel
ky tento pravnik a statnik ma
sledovne:
MAN "a to, ze pfipadech
rodobnych tato pravid;a mela
by byti zachovavana - pakli
{ soba muzska dvori Sc dame
po delsi dobu s TIM dmyslem.
ably s nj We snatek manzelsky
ystoupila a predpokladajic, ze
dvoreni jeho s uspechem Sc po-
Itka, dame venuje nejaky pred,
met znacnsjSi ceny a tato po-
zdeji uzna "a vhodno osobu o.
nu zamltnouti, jest to zcela
spravnym a spravedlivym, by
venovany dar byl viacen neb ,
darci skutecna hodnota daru
nahrazena; vsak, pak;i dar We
rowan Jest pouze "a tim dee
lem, ably muz pfedstaven byl
zene, aby $ nj seznamiti Sc mo-
Ill, a tim zaroven zlskal 81 jeii
lrjzne, pohlizim ma muze tako-
veho iako ma dobrodruha, a TO
zvlaste pakli majetkovymi pp-
!mery svyml z.ene vyrovnati Sc
nemlze q tudiz, jako vsichni
j;ni dobrodruzi, riskuje-li dar,
a pokus jeho Sc nezdari, musi
ztratu daYu sam nesti."
V dobach biblickych zasnut
nj prsten znamenal uzavrenou
smlouvu, niz zena, divka, pri
rcena byla muzi; tax Abraham
daroval prsteny ma dIkaz,, Z:
Rebeka zasnoubena je Isakovi
TentD vyznam zasnubnich pr
stend pfejat byl do fimskeht
lrava do obccneho prava an
ghckeho, kde dosud lie V pjatn:
sti. Proto pe uvazeni vSech o
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10
oBETI CHRIPkY.

Mistni dobrocinne spolky pc
cuji pritomne o $50 chudych
rodin epidemii chripky trpicich.
Vsem opatrovano je palivo, po
silany jsou Jim potraviny a tep-
le saty. Hlavni uradovna dotce-
nych podpddnych klubd nacha
ri Sc v elsie 1440 zap. 10. ul.
SveÌŒt = World. [volume] (Cleveland, Ohio) 1911-1939, 1919-01-10

Chudas ktery ridi die zvykG bohaych jest tax smes
nym jako zaba, jez nadymaa ably vyrovnala volu
Ma otazku valecneho dopisovatee, poozenou hrabet
Bernsorfov prve Vem Hohenzoern utekl do Holland
SKA odpovedel tento "A kan mel jt? Cey svet by vede
kan mel jiti, ale slusnost brani blize oznacti.
Itae della naroky dalmatske pobrezi die hsoricke
no prava slysme voat vasske dplomaty Zalez toto
benatska repubka zbava cely tax zvany Kars
lesi tim ozebracla cee krajiny, pax ma pravdu.
Mayor novorocni slavnostni schulz S. P j. pr-
znala zdraznoval odhodanos hrdnstv TECH kter s do
brovoln6 horsch podminek ha zajmy vast nez kdoz
zakonem donucen s konati vasteneckou povinnos
merit mnohem epsch. Kvitujeme odporucujeme pozor-
nos tenn, keif dosud pine neocen zasuhy nasch do
brovolnikI.
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1919-06-27
10

llC dSpll dIlOllS VI lllC ollldllCl pCO-
pies to exist without interference
from their more powerful neighbors,
are now becoming questions of in
ternational justice. The fight against
forced assimilation is long chapter
in the history Of almost every small
nation, and the problems of racial
self-determination now constitute
large part of the difficulties of
European readjustment. The Irish
want Home Rule, the Poles want to
govern themselves, the Firms want
freedom from Russian tyranny =
the Jugo-Slavs and the Czecko-
Slavs want Republics. And the
method which these problems must
all be dealt with, has thrown Ii ght
on one which seems to differ from
all the others in its fundamental
aspects, and yet, when analysed, is
a close parallel, but it's conditions
are many times worse. That is the
problem of the Jew, and there is no
reason why this one should not be
solved the same way as the others
by recognizing that the Jews thru
their sturdy opposition to physical
and moral forces which were bent on
changing them, have made them
selves worthy of an opportunity to
become a normal nation.
The history of the wandering Jew
is remarkable story Of resistance
against forces which were willing to
absorb the Jew and give him free
dom at the cost of his convictions
and his nationality. He has been
driven from country to country,
ever hoping that here or there he
would be able to find some little
spot where he could worship as he
chose, and where he and his children
could remain Jews in spirit and in
name Thru two thousand years of
wandering, he has been unable to
find that shelter. At no time was
his advent welcomed, and he who
had given the world religion, was
in the name of religion subjected to
unbelievable tortures and inhuman-
tiles. The history of the Jews since
the dispersion is one tale after an
other of the maintenance of nation
atty at the cost of bitter suffering
The world was afame because
Belgian neutrality was violated.
four years the Belgians have gone
thru fire and sword, and the hand
of every human nation was stretch
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1919-06-27
June 81, 1919.


give up their appearance nor their
heritage, and the Christians gave
these rights on scraps Of paper. The
result is the peculiar position in
which the Jew finds himself today.
Every Jew, as an individual, has
home, the Jews have none. Civil
lied, progressive governments do
not discriminate against him-to all
appearances, he has the same
rights and privileges and the same
duties as all the other citizens of
the land in which he resides, but
practically, there is not a country
in the world in which the Jew feels
at home, and where he is not con-
sidered a stranger and foreigner
In England and America, he has
been given the same economic and
political privileges, but even in
these, the most civilized countries,
there is such social ostracism, be-
cause Of inability to understand him,
that when Jew attains great
heights, it is in spite of his Judaism
And only one who experiences it
day after day can tell how demora1-
izing it is. How deep it strikes into
the consciousness of the victim. In
response, the Jew has enclosed him
self in an armor, thru which he him
self cannot break, and that is why
he is accused of being clannish. An
other reason for the Jews absolute
refusal to amalgamate with other
groups is that he knows that upon
each individual depends the preser-
walton of the race The Frenchman
or the German, or the Swede, can
forget their ancestry if they leave
their native land, they can become
amalgamated, for they know that
there is a land in which the race
they are leaving can be kept alive.
The Jew has no such assurance.
There is no Jewish state where
Judaism can exist, and if all the
Jews in France would become
French, and all those in England,
English, and those in Spain, Span
ish, the entire race would disappear
The position of a1oofness is hard
to maintain, it has caused many
moral battles for individuals and for
groups, and unless there were some
positive, constructive hope to which
the Jews could cling, and for which
they could expend energies, the
position would be useless, and i'm
The American Jewish world. [volume] (Minneapolis ;) 1915-current, 1919-06-27
THE AMERICAN JEWISH WORLD

ldVC llVCu ILL u lWO llIOuodIu ySoi
of fire and sword. The diaspora be-
gan when the ruthless Roman con-
queror, shedding their blood like
water, defled and desecrated Solo
mons temple, and drove the Jews
out of their land. The middle ages
brought no relief. Catholic and
Protestant even while killing each
other, had one common aim, to ex-
terminate the Jew. Even in Our
own supposedly tolerant era, the
massacres at Bialofstok and Kis-
henef, and the Anti-Semitic riots in
Eastern Europe today, show that
the days of savagery and brutality
are not yet over. For two thousand
years, the Jews have seen their
homes and fields destroyed; they
have seen their fathers and
mothers and children brutality tor
tured and killed they have seen the
blood of their kindred flow in rivers,
but they saw no hand held out to
help them. Their heroic struggle
has been fought without aid, with
out sympathy, without appreciation.
During the period that Christian
ity was growing, and while Europe
was torn between opposing Chris
tian sects, the Jews forgot their ma
tional character, and considered
themselves, above all, a religious
group. When the strong national
istic feeling spread thru Europe, the
Jews, also, were influenced, but they
did not realize it. After 1889, an
era of emancipation and intolerance
started wherever the influence of the
French Revolution spread. Physical
torture was repudiated in these
countries, but for the Jew, there now
started moral battle. When Ma
poleon asked a group of Jews what
they were they answered, "a Re-
ligious sect" And on that answer
were formulated the future dealings
with the Jews. The nations said
to them: "To the Jews as individ-
ua1s, we give all the rights which
our citizens have,-to the Jews as
a nation--none And the Jews
agreed. In practice this agreement
meant loss of identity, but after
seventeen centuries of struggling for
self-preservation on the one side,
the same period of persecution and
Jew-hatred on the other, neither
side was able to give up it's tradi-
tional position, and the agreement