davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening world., 1919-01-07
TnEonoNE NO0sNNELr vi. Lnc

THEODOEE ROOSEVELT was the
foremost type OF the aggressive.
continual ana many sided American
In his youth he decided 80 enter poi,-
tics. and from the time ho won't in n'
n slender youth lnvadng the Assem-
hly in Albany utn the day Of his
death he was always a leader some
times his following was small. moro
often it was numerically influential
in State and national political affairs.
Had he Gunc into the law o. INTO
business or into iournaiisn--t toward
which profession he had a s,rOna
lcaning-hc would have been q l,td"I
as he was a leader in politics. Bat II
is doubtful If he could haN" kept out
Of politics no matter what line ol en-
draVor he might have selected for the
launching Of his career. lie was q
natural politician. with 4 wonderful
capacity Tor selecting aids who would
uC devoted to the interests Oi TAco-
dorc Roosevelt. And he possessed to
a degree quality which the majcr-
ity Of politicians lack-CourIgc.
Col. Roosevelt was mentally and
morally COURAGEOUS. He fought for
cuba He sent four sons TO iiglt for
their country on the battlCfclda of
Europe and one, Quentin, a Thoodoro
Roosevelt in embryo. gave up his III,
in the combat lie WIS for war " IA
Germany almost from the outu,vak
OF tho hostilittics in Europe, ana ho
did not hesitate TO CritiCisC those who
DISAGREED with him on this point
There probably has not h.'u pn
American who led. nor is tuDr' IN
American aliN" VINO rs destined "a
lead, a more crowded, bTCathl'sr CA
rccr than Theodore Roosevelt. II,
fought for his life from hlhynood
lie built up on u weak foundation a
physical structure which enabled him
so accomplish tasks which NCulo
have staggered an athlete. lie had
brains to start with and he mad uls
body tit his brains.
Only those who were closely 1850,
'CIatcd with him realize what an Ii'r.
.vrSCCnt fountain Of energy n' WIs
lie needed no artificial stmuIJuis q
key him up 10 action. llo gu' hl
stimulation from his restless "ns'
, Initiative, and he not only hroW"
enough to carry himself along b.l u'
distributed it to all who were va.
jcct"d to his influence
Impatient with men VINO dll no
- 'tliuN as rapidly as he did, and mo"
or less contcmptuuus OF mon wH'
were disposed to stick 10 rr1ruoo"N
= IDEAS COT. Roosevelt nevertheless
managed TO hold friends u the rank.
p of the slow thinkers and tu" r'ac
rouarioS. lie tried to keep 'u" u'l
he needed. SomotlOrS they h'p'>'
= IuNuy but he generally got 'u.W hJrI
: when h' wanted them Wnon b. de-
] Ic.i.d tlat a man IN politics was uu
The evening world., 1919-01-07
LOSS GREATEST TO NATION
SAYS GEN. WOOD.

Deepest and most sincere sym
pathy in your great sorrow and loss
q loss which is even greater TO the
Nation than II can be 10 any indi-
Nldual Command me If can be ot
any service,
"LEONARD WOOD"
"All IN, people of Massachusetts do
sire to express to you and your FAM
lly their sympathy. Your loss is
shared in common by those every
where who believe that no sacrifice is
too great 10 maintain he right
"CALNIN COOLIDGE,
"Goyornor.'
"ln this hour Of your great be-
rcavomcnt, permit me 10 extend TO
you in the name OF the people of the
city of New York the sincere sym
pathy that We all feel for You. Your
loss is shared by the entire Nation.
John j.. HYLAN, Mayor"
countless millions all over ;ho
world Will mourn the loss and miss
the wisdom of your esteemed fdjnar,
but none more sincerely than
"ADMlRAL CHESTEt.
Mrs Root joins me in deepest sym
pH1hy and sorrow. ELIHT ROOT"
II beg 10 present the expression lr
my profound sympathy and profound
grief MGR. CASSIDY
"moNprossib'y shocked ana grioy.i
at news. Nj wife joins in extending
to you ard ,u" family our deepest
ana most heartfelt sympathy our
hearts go out to YOU
JUDGE AID MRS BEN lLND-
sen"
"Mrs Fort and ! extend sufYupd
sympathy \ great man has fallen.
John FRANKLIN FORT"
"My family join in tcndrriug our
deepest, tcndercst sympathy TN.
country Will mourn with you.
III. G. FPlrh."
please accept from rs our deepest
sympathy THOMAS f. RYAN.
MY wife and myself arc greatly
81 u,e"d iu ..u. g., l.D .... -
uul. this n""un.s r,r,...I u. nI.,.
uonalc letter uum MN. Our hcalls
The evening world., 1919-01-07
90 'IOmnHnding Figure in Icudrr-
ship of Irur Drmo"rnr, ."

U\I;tlSBGRG Pa. Jan Dn.
Martin q. Brumuausn u ID ..rt.-
mont said.
america has lost great .uu.
ana q commanding rgup u ..
leadership of true d'upUrl., 10
fin" courage and frank uI.. .u
"nd"rrod him tu M, MASSES auI 10
u.'. be- 90 real sorruW lu all rur rN'n..
wur.r dwell true Americans"
Guy.-,,rrt William c. Spr.. n
I.uud,lphJ said. "Thy pas~.us eff ''..
Roosevelt just now la q u'.uHl
l1u'N Ills counsel ana u0uu.r.
ar" needed so much now that hls sud
den death seems futcful"
The evening world., 1919-01-07
Great Constructive Statesman IoNt
when Needed, says Gunter.

DENVER. col, Jan. Gov. Ju',Us
G. Gunter issued the following state
ment:
The country has lost one OF It's
greatest constructive statesmen,
whose services would have been IN
valuable In the stupcndous recon
struction period now before us
The evening world., 1919-01-07

sudden dcmise Of Col Theodore
Roosevelt Ito thought always IN
terms OF America. Ills name will 90
down u history with those ~ Wash.
wriuu Lincoln and Grant Theodore
Roosevelt II Americas fourth im-
mortal.
The evening world., 1919-01-07
BISHOP GREER AND CLERGY Ex-
TEND SYMPATHY.

"R,shop Greer and clergy OF the
og st. John the Divine de-
sire 60 cN N.rvss their earnest sympathy
i'm your bereavement and put the
Cathedral at your disposal II desired
a"UOWARD {. ROBBINS, DEAN.
"Y.u have our deepest sympathy in
vour gr,a, loss and sorrow.
"REAR ADMIRAL and MRS. HUGO
OSTERHAUS."
please accept my deepest sym
Dathv I'm your bereavement
THE DANISH MlNISTER.'
"It is with the deepest sorrow that
I learn OF COL RooscvClts death.
Mrs. Hughes and | extend our mos:
sincere sympathy. ,,
"CHAS T.. HUGHES"
"Thr people Of the state OF New
York learn with the deepest regret OF
tlc death Of one Of our most distin-
yuIshud sons, Theodore Roosevelt. one
tmo Governor ~ this state and
President Of the United states. lie
was for four years a leading figure,
not only IN this country, but through
the world. The record Of his Illus
trious service will stand while the
state lasts. The people in all walks
.,. life extend 10 his bercavod family
sincere and heartfelt sympathy, and
The evening world., 1919-01-07

people with a compelling voice. n"
Is stll the valiant foe OF greed. op-
precision and injustice He IL nOt
dead. but has gone to join his brave.
beloved boy. lie will live forever in
tho hearts uf the American people"
The evening world., 1919-01-07

SPRINGFIELD, H.. Jan. Gov.
Frank G.. Lowden said:
hcrcver dCspotism, whether tho
dcspptism Of some future Hohcnzol-
lcru or a Bolshcvist, shall threaten,
Theodore Roosevelt, though In his
grave, viii speak to tho American
The evening world., 1919-01-07

20 out in sympathy TO you. who have
so hravoIv sustained the trials OF "A
wife ard Il mother.
JOHN HANS HAMMOND"
"Our hearts are fun Of deepest so--
row over the loss. We bear with
YOU the heaviest loss our country
could sustain DAVID j. HILL
1--WE are deeply shocked to hear of
Col. Rooscvclts death in the full tide
of strength and influence.
"ELNlIR ELIJSWORrH TIL BROWN.
Ncw York University"
you have my sympathy in your
II. G. CANNON"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

wheelless railroad linc from Paris to
Argenteuil. Unfortunately, the Franco
Prussian war of 1870 then broke out
and his experimental railroad at de la
Jonchere was ruined by the Germans
and Girard himself was killed. Never
theless, the principle had been proven
sound by actual practice. There is no
reason why with modern methods and
improvements it cannot be made a huge
success.
NJ. Girard's train had two flat rails,
and each car had four hydraulic skates
or shoes which replaced the usual
wheels. It will be noted that water
pressure is supplied to the shoe which
fills the interior fully. AS soon as the
pressure becomes high enough, it is
obvious that the water must escape by
raising the shoe clear from the rail
providing enough pressure is used
While the water escapes it will be
readily understood that the shoe itself
can nowhere touch the rail proper Ir
other words, the shoe floats on thir
\ film Of water. If no other means were
provided, it can be seen that an enor
nous quantity Of water would be need
ed 10 supply the hydraulic shoes Will,
/ the, train was moving, or even standing
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

ard railway car rapidly over track
so easily does such a railway operate
The reason is of course that no metal
of the train touches the track; there
fore nearly all friction is eliminated.
By actual experiments it has been
shown that NJ. Girards cars could be
moved with a weight onc-half OF one
thousandth of the weight Of the car.
In other words, a railroad car weighing
several tons can be pushed along rapid
ly with an expenditure Of a few pounds
Of energy The water film itself is OF
course exceedingly thin, measuring
only from one-half to three quarters
OF & millimetre-in other words, not
much thicker than six sheets of paper
similar to that OF which this story is
printed. Nor was the water pressure
az high as one might think at first.
ten pounds a square centimetrc.
NJ. Girard found his greatest t1ou-
BILE in two points. First, he had trou-
Bile with his rails at the point where
the lattcr connected. 1t Is. of course,
necessary that railway of This kind
should have an exceedingly smooth
metal rail. Also where the rails
JON it was found necessary 10 inter
pose pieces of leather or soft
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

a conservative figure Nor is it
dangerous to run such wheelless
gliding trains at such speeds, for two
reasons. One is that there is no fric-
tion. There is no wear and tear of
material, and if the flat rail with it's
guard rails is constructed right, it will
be impossible for the shoes to jump
the track And now we come to the
most important point as far as the
speed is concerned.
These trains, it was found, could be
stypped almost instantly and very
simply by cutting off the water press
urc. This manmuvre brings the hy-
draulic shoe in direct contact with the
rail and great friction sets in. No
brakes are needed to stop such a train.
The train is its own brake Nor is
that all Such trains can be stopped
where the rails dip at an incline of
40 per cent, a thing unheard of on
regular railways with wheels. You
see, in a train Of this kind there is
nothing to roll end the minute the
water pressure is taten off, the train
must stop at once, even at the worst
incline. inversely if the right tractive
method is used to propel the train, ii
Will run up almost impossible inclines
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

at angles no regular railroad would
ever think OF attaining. Furthermore,
in view of what has appeared, Il will
be realized that the cars do not have
to be of such ponderous weight as are
the present day ones. They can be
constructed OF aluminium alloy and
could weigh one quarter of the weight
of the ordinary car and still be safe.
There was only one real disadvan-
tagc OH a railway of this sort During
the winter the formation Of ice and
snow on the rails tended 10 put the
entire road cut Of business becau e
no means could oe found TO do away
with the forming of ice and the conse-
qucnt unevenness or roughnes5 Of the
track. This, however, would not worry
cur present day engineers for the
simple reason that our trains would
probably carry some electric heater
in front Of each train, thus melting
the ice as fast as it formed.
We have day means for propcl-
ling the gliding railroad which is as
simple as it is efficient. The writer
proposes the use Of single track,
each car having two hydraulic shoes.
The car is held upright hv means Of
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27
No Water Lost

III '%"SHn n 1ss's:' as',s had "''s:' s. a.Soz sss
idea to recover nearly all the
water. Running near the edge Of the
hydraulic shoe will be found an an
nular suction chamber, which is con-
nected to q suction tube 1t will be
realized that as quickly rs the water
is pressed out from under the shoe it
must pass the suction chamber, and
here it is sucked back to the water
reservoir OF the train to be used all
over again. With this ingenious ar
rangement it will be readily seen that
practically no water is lost except q
minute quantity used in wettinx the
rail, and this loss a train amounts to
only gallon or two a mile, even for
q heavy train.
A very Important and as a matter
OF fact the most inpo, tant. part of
this railway is that, s.nce the cars
glide on water, they can be made 20 run
| with marvellous ease.
! NJ. Girard already demonstrated that
l six-year-old child could move "A stand
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27
0YROSCOpE

rubber, otherwise the water would
squirt out between the rails. OF
course, we would not have this Difficult
ty to-day, because we would simply
weld the rails, making n uniform piece
of metal. This was NJ. Girard's greatest
source or trouble The other great
difficulty was TO propcl tho train,
There was used in Paris at one time
an arrangement that was whcelless.
Inasmuch as no wheels are used, and
because the hydraulic shoes have no
tractivc effect thems mselves, entirely new
means must be provided to move the
train. The old French idea is shown
IN this illustration, where rail rack
was run all along between the two
main tracks, while a revolving pinion
engaged with this rail rack. The train
derived its energy from an electric
third rail and shoes which operated
the electric motor; this in turn worked
the pinion.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

change her position TO any place
most satisfactory for carrying on
operations in recovering the cargo.
Cargoes sunk for many years can
be raised in good condition, for the
water usually acts as a preserva
tive Of raw materials. Coal, for
instance, is improved by reposinsr for
Il century beneath the seas. Marine
salts enter the porous surface and
become imbedded in the coal. in
creasng its powers of combustion.
Pig iron does not rust on the floor
of the ocean; it is only when brought
to the surface that it corrodes.
Captain Reginald Humphreys. f.
~, in speaking Of the action Of the
sea on vessels and merchandise
says:
wooden ships, after being sunk,
are rapidly covered with a marine
growth which forms a sort of lime
deposit and preserves the WOO. in
some cases for several centuries. We
arc informed by one of the under
writer's Of New y crk who had CHARGE
OF the salvage operation on the Ore
gon that bicycles were brought up
from her hold that had been in the
water over four months and yet
looked as bright as when they went
down; also silks the outer folds of
which only were injured"
Some wines that had been recov-
cred from a vessel sunk about fifty
years brought S75 a bottle at auc.
ton. Gold and some other metals
glass and precious stones arc never
affected.
A new avenue of wealth is opened
to the world by means Of the salvsr.
ing submarine.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27
H. Gernsback
in The Electrical Erperimen

in The Electrical Erperimentcr
~ INCE the advent Of the steam
locomotive, in the early fif-
~ ties of the last century, no
progress whatsoever has been made
as far as speed of our railways is
concerned We are to-day not rid
ing any faster either in our electric
or steam railways than our grand
fathers did sixty years ago. 1t is
true that we have greatly improved
everything else as far as comfort,
safety, etc, Is concerned, but the
speed has not been increased what
soever. Sixty miles an hour was
an everyday occurrence sixty years
ago, and was attained by many
trains. Today the average speed
of the steam or electrical railways
does not approach more than fifty
miles.
What are we to do? In our big
cities we are running streetcars on
the surface, trains on elevated rail
roads and down in the subways. The
more roads we build the more acute
becomes the shortage Of transportation
ax far as passengers are concerned, and
in any big city transportation facili-
ties are always wofully behind the
actual demand. In the morning every
one goes to business about the same
time and in the evening every one
must ride home-our so-called rush
hours. Tho density of travel thus
becomes enormous, particularly IN cities
like New York or Chicago, where con-
ditions, as is we'll known, are intoler-
able, and In many CITIES disgraceful.
If it were possible to operate our rail
roads with safety only two or three
times as fast as they are xunning now
it stands to reason that everybody
would have seat, an impossible con-
dition now.
We cannot run our trains faster
than they run now without encouraging
accidents such as collisions, derail
ments, etc. AS far as the present day
railroad is concerned, it is not pos
sible to increase it's speed at all. There
is, however, one solution, an inven-
tion which dates back to 1852. We
refer to the gliding railroad, which /
actually had been tried in France, and
bad been perfected in small way
At that time, however. many technical |
obstacles made the project impossible,
but all Of these objections have now
been overcome by now inventions and |
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27
Gliding RaiL,ccy Principle

r EFT Us turn to the principle of I
I the gliding railroad. Take two
smooth pieces of glass, such as
are used for Photographic plates Boil
them in water until the gelatine comes
OF and clean thoroughly. Use one
large plate and one small plate. Dip
the two plates into water, and place
the small plate on top Of the larger.
Il will be seen that the small plate
will glide with remarkable ease over
the large plate The important thing
to note Ia that the two plates do not
touch. They are supported by 8 thin
Aim Of water, hence the top plate
glidss on an exceedingly thin water
film. As we move the plates back
and forth we squeeze out the water
little by little, and as soon as the
plates touch, the free movement will
stop Were we to drill hole in the
top plate and attach small tube to it
containing water under pressure, we
could then, for a long time, move
the plate back and forward with very
considerable ease; we would then al
ways maintain a good water film on
which our top plate could glide.
Exactly this is the principle of the
gliding railroad, frat invented by l..
D. Girard, a great French engineer.
Already. in 1852, N. Girard proposed
to replace the ordinary railways by
means Of hydraulic propulsion. He was
quite successful with his first models
and in 1854 he conceived the idea to
replace the wheels by means Of hy-
draulic skates gliding over fat rails.
By means Of this method he did away
entirely with all friction, for the rea-
son that he interposed between the
skate and tho track film of waite,
under pressure. At first NJ. Girard was
using compressed air, but be found that
u was necessary to use water unde,
pressure because air did not give salts
factory results.
He actually constructed on his prop
erty de Ia Jonchers, near PaSis, such
. whsei1sss railroad which had no 10
coraotdvs, tho cars Of the train klidins
on . film Of water. The propulsion o,
the train itself was effected by sor
oz turbine arrangement whereby a sta.
honAYy water Jet was hurled against
stationary vnnss mounted under ths
cara In other words, the train acted
az the stationary part Of turbine
yniie water jets placed alongside The
road and operating automatically
puahad tho train along. This railroad
Dorksd worry wsll and actually trans.
efted passengers In limited degree
6o9 u. Gxaxd obtsinsd q concession
Nm ~ sssnah gcvsznmsns 70 ran 4
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

TW%HE salvaging Of sunken
cargoes IS now possible,
owing to the perfection of
salvaging submarine, in
vented by Simon Lake and demon
strated in Long Island Sound, Off
Bridgeport, Conn, the other day
with apparent success. Marine ex-
perts declare the invention opens
up a new industrial field and is the
most important contribution to
science since the framing Of the
armistice.
With a national coal shortage
impending, the possibility of re
claiming the millions Of tons which
lie on the floor Of the ocean by
means of the salvaging submarine
is a practical side which appeals to
all One million tons Of sunken coal
lie in Long Island Sound alone. This
coal can be raised at a cost of 25
cents a ton and sold at the market
price Of $40 or S12 ton.
During the war more than 5000
seagoing craft we're sunk In normal
times 1t has been estimated that the
loss Of vessels equals the entire
shipping Of the world about once in
every twenty-five years This IN
cludes the small dingy, unadver-
tised cargo carrying craft IA we'll
as the spectacular sinkings, such as
The Titanic, The Boplonnc and thc
Lusltana.
One Of the important workings
Of the salvaging submarine is tho
! location OF sunken craft. The ap.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27
Run Orer Rooftops

4 MOTHER important plan vhich
n the writer advances IS that this
railway is not intended 70 ru1
through the streets. but rather over
the housetops. This is quite practice
with such railroad FOR the following
reasons: Firstly. the single track 81
take away practically no lisht whsrs
1t crosses over the streets The tisr.
can be very light because 'ae ca
themselves are light
Also, there is but q single rack ara
consequently the structure that car
RES It can De exceedingly light Sec
ondly. there is no noise whatsoever
You cannot hear the coming OK going
of the gliding wheelless trains Thc7
make absolutely no noise and thero 81.
moreover, no vibration. The pilisrs
supporting The track can re placed -
Two adjoining house walls. thereto-s
no foundations are required. Stations
can be located or The rooftopz !. d.
sired. where they viii not DC q. u7-
slightly as 81 present. Elevators vi
take the passengers up and down
Being that these railroads car 20
run safely at 8 speed double or trip
the present day ones. = should 30
possible % provide sest foI erer~
one. 10 matter what the increase -
the popu' alton VII be. We came.
transport in the future many no-s
people than our present dav tlRrsror-
tation facilities provide Arplares srs
out of the question for obvious reason,
and so are airships tor the reason that
they cannot be operated quickly enough
and also they cannot carry enough pas
sengers. no matter what their size.
Take, for instance, New York sub
way car When packed full i viii sc-
commo0ate often as many rs two hun
dred passengers. while tcn-car tran
carries two thousand souls. From this
1t can be seen that neither the slr-
planes nor the airship can ever hops
to compete with the whcelless trsina
aDAoutline& ehevA,
New-York tribune., 1919-07-27

Train That Glides Along on a Film of "

the gyroscope shown. This ryrosco,.
is to be driven by an electric motor
and the energy is to be taken from, j..
third rail running alongside the trac,
This also furnishes the power for tbe
electric lighting system of the trs.,
and for the motors which drive ~,
compressors as we'll as supply tb,
power for the suction pipes Tho pro
pulsion Of the train is accomplished
as follows: