davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
FREEDOM OF TRANSIT

Germany must grant freedom of
transit through her territories by
mail or water to persons, goods,
ships, carriages. and mail from or
to any of the allied or associated
powers, without customs or transit
duties, undue delays, restrictions or
determinations based on national
ity, means of transport, or place of
entry or departure. Goods in
transit shall be assured all possible
speed of journey. especially per-
ishable goods. Germany may not
divert the following traffic from its
normal course in favor of her own
transport routes or maintain "con-
troll stations" in connection with
transmigratiOn traffic. She may
not establish any tax discrimina-
ton against the ports of allied or
associated powers; must grant the
latters' seapOrts all factors and re-
duced tariffs granted her own or
other nations, and afford the allied
and associated powers equal rights
with those of her own nationals in
her ports and waterways, save that
she is free to open or close her
maritime cOasting trade.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
LABOR CLAUSES.

Nine principles Of labor condi~
tions were recognized on the
ground that the we'll being, physi-
cal and moral, of the industrial
wage earners is of supreme inter
national Importance. With excep-
tions necessitated by differences Of
climate, habits and economic de-
yelopment, they include: The guild
ing principle that labor should not
be regarded merely as a commodi-
ty or article Of commerce. right or
association OF employers and en-
ployes; a wage adequate TO main
tain a reasonable standard of life
the eight-hour day or 4S-hour
week; a weekly rest of at least "a
hours, which should include Sun
day wherever practicable; aboli-
ton of child labor and assurance
of the conviction of the edition
and proper physical development
of children, equal pay for equal
work as between men and women,
equitable treatment of all workers
lawfully resident therein, includ-
ing foreigners; and a system or
inspection in which women should
take part.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
CONTRACTS.

Pre-war contracts between al
lied and associated nationals ex-
ccpting the United States, Japan
and Brazil, and German nationals
are cancelled except for debts for
accounts already performed, agree
n.ents for the transfer of property
where the property had already
passed. leases of land. and houses,
contracts Of mortgages pledge or
lien, mining concessions, contracts
with governments and insurance
contracts
Fixed arbitral tribunes shall be
established of three members, one
chosen by Germany. one by the as
ISOLATED states and a third by
agreement of failing. They
shall have jurisdiction over all
disputes as to contracts concluded
before the present peace treaty.
Fire insurance contracts are con-
sidered as insolvent by the war
even if premiums have not been
paid, but lapse at the date of the
first annual premium falling due
three months after the peace. Life
insurance contracts may be re-
stored by payments of deferred
premiums Marine insurance con-
tracts are dissolved by the out
break of war except where the risk
insured against had already been
Incurred. Where the risk had. not
attached, premiums paid are re-
coverable otherwise premiums due
and sums due on losses are re-
coverable. Reinsurance treaties
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08

and 1926 and thereafter five per
cent with a one. per cent sinking
fund payment beginning 1926; ana
an undertaking to deliver 100000
060, 900 marks gold bonds bearing
interest at five per cent. uRGer
terms to be fixed oy the commits
sion.
Interest on Germany's debt will
be five per cent unless otherwise
determined by the commission n
the future. and payments that are
not made in gold may "be accepted
by the commission in the form of
properties. commodities, bust
Eesses, rights, concessions. ETC."
Certificate of beneficial interest.
representing either bonds or goods
delivered by Germany may be rs
sued by the commission to the m
tcrest power, no power being en-
titled, however, to have its GER
t:fcates divided into more than five
periods. If bonds are distributed
and pass from the control of the
commission. an amount of Ger
many's debts equivalent to Their
par value is to be considered as
liquidated.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
GUARANTEES.

Western Europe as a guarantee
for the legislation Of the treaty;
German territory to the west OF
the Rhine, together with the
bridgeheads, will be occupied by
allied and associated troops for II
years. If the conditions are faith
fully carried out by Germany, Ger
tain districts, including the bridge
head of Cologne, will be evacuated
at the expiration of tiTe years;
certain other districts, including
the bridgehead of Coblenz. and the
territories nearest the Belgian
frontier, will be evacuated after
10 years. and the remainder, in
GLIDING the bridgehead of Mainz,
will be evacuated after 10 years.
In case the interallied PREPARATION
commission finds that Germany has
failed to observe the whole or part
of her obligations, either during
the occupation or after the 10
years have expired, the whole or
part of the areas specified viii be
reoccupied Immediately. If before
the expiration OF the Is years Ger
many complies with all the treaty
undertakings, the occupying forces
will be Withdrawn Immediately.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
LABOR ORGANIZATIONS

Members of the league of nations
agree to establish a permanent or
ganization to promote international
adjustment of labor conditions, to
consist of an annual international
labor conference and international
labor office.
The former is composed of four
representative of each state, two
from the government and one each
from the employers and the EN-
ployed; each of them may vote in
dividually. 1t will be a deIiberatiye
legislative body, its measures TAX
| ing the form of draft conventions
or recommendations, which ii
passed by two-thirds vote, must be
submitted to the law making auth
GRITTY in every state participating.
Each government may either enact
the terms into law; approve the
principle, but modify them to local
needs; leave the actual legislation
in case of d federal state to local
legislatures, or reject the cOnven-
ton altogether without former OBJ
legation.
The international labor office is
established at the seat of the league
of nations as part Of its organiza-
ton. 1t is to collect and distrib-
ute information on labor through
out the world and prepare agenda
for the conference. 1t will publish
a periodical in French and Eng
lish, and possibly other languages
Each state agrees to make to it for
presentation TO the conference an
annual report of measures in con-
ventions, the governing body is its
executive. 1t consists of "a mem
bers, IL representing the govern
ments. six the employers and six
the employees, to serve for three
years.
On complaint that any govern
ment had failed to carry out a con-
vention to which it is a party, the
governing body may make inquiries
indirectly to that government and
in case the reply is unsatisfactory.
may publish the complaint with
comment. A complaint by one gov
eminent against another may be re
ferred tby the governing body 70 d
commission of inquiry nominated
ny the S6CTSIdTy -BSHeTdI Vi the
league. If the commission report
fails to bring satisfactory action,
the matter may be taken to a per-
manent court of international JUS
ticc for final decision. The chief
reliance for securing enforcement
of the law will be publicity with
possibility of economic action in
the background.
The first meeting of the confer
ence will take place in October,
1919, at Washington, to discuss the
eight hour day or the As hour week;
prevention of unemployment; ex-
tension and application of the in
ternational conventions adopted at
Berne in 1906 prohibiting night
work for women and use of white
phosphorus in the manufacture of
matches; and employment OF
women and children at night or in
unhealthy work, of women before
and after child birth, including ma
ternity benefit and of child as re-
CARDS minimum age.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
RAILWAYS

Germany in addition to most IA
vored nation treatment on her
railways, agrees TO cooperate in the
establishment of through ticket ser
vices for passengers and baggage;
to ensure communication by rail-
between the allied associates and
other states, to allow the construc-
ton or improvement within %
years of such lines as necessary,
and to conform her rolling stock TO
enable its incorporation in trains of
allied or associated powers, She
also agrees to accept the denunci-
alton of the st. Gothard conven-
ton if Switzerland and Italy so re-
quest, and temporarily to execute
in legislations as to the transport
OF troops and supplies and the es-
adjustment of postal and telegraph
service, as provided.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
RHINE AND MOSELLE.

The Rhine is placed under the
control of commission to meet at
Strassbourg within six months aft
er the peace and to be composed of
four Representatives of France, of
which in addition will select the
president; four of Germany. and
two each of Great Britain, Italy,
Belgium, Switzerland and The
Netherlands. Germany must give
grace on the course of the Rhine
included between the two extreme
points of her frontiers all rights
to take water to feed canals, while
herself agreeing not to make
canals on the right bank of the
river opposite France. She must
also hand over to France all her
drafts and designs for this part of
the river.
SECTION 10-Belgium is to be
permitted to build a deep draft
Rbine-Meuse canal if she so &c
sires within % years. in which case
Germany must construct the part
within her territory on plans
drawn by Belgium. similarly, the
interested allied governments may
construct a Rhine-Meuse canal,
both II constructed to come under
the competent international COM
mission. Germany may not object
il the central Rhine commission de-
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08

against Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria
or Turkey in connection with agree
ments made during the war. Ger
many confirms the remuneration of
the treaties of Bucharest and Brest-
Litovsk.
On the request of the reparations
commission, Germany will expro-
pirate any rights or interests of her
nationals in public utilities in ceded
territory or those added by manda-
tories, and in Turkey, China. Rus
STA, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria,
and transfer them to the reparations
commission, which will credit her
with their value.
Germany guarantees to repay TO
Brazil the sum arising from the sale
of Sac Paulo coffee which she re-
fused to allow Brazil to withdraw
from Germany.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
BIATERAL TREATIES

Each allied and associated state
may renew any treaty with Ger
many insofar as consistent with the
peace treaty by giving notice within
six months. Treaties entered into
by Germany since Aug. l, 1914. with
other enemy states and before or
since that date with Rumania, Rus
STA and governments representing
parts of Russia are abrogated and
any concession granted under pres
sure by Russia to German subjects
annulled. The allied and associated
states are to enjoy most favored
nation treatment under treaties en-
tered into by Germany and other
enemy states before Aug. l, 1914,
and under treaties entered into by
Germany and neutral states dur
ing the war.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
DEVASTATED AREAS.

Germany undertakes to devote
her economic resources directly to
the physical restoration of the In
vaded areas. The PREPARATION COM
mission is authorized to require
Germany to replace the destroyed
articles by the delivery of animals,
machinery, etc, existing in Ger
many, and to manufacture mater
ials for reconstruction purposes; all
with due consideration for Ger
many's present domestic require
ments.
Germany is to restore within six
months the Koran of the Caliph
Gilman, formerly at Medina, to the
King of the Hedjaz, and the skull of
the Sultan Okwawa, formerly in
German East Africa, to his Britain
mic Majesty's government. The Ger
man government is also to restore
to the~French government certain
papers taken by the German author
tiles in 1870, belonging then to M
Reuher, and TO restore the French
flags taken during the war of 1870
and 1871.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
PAYMENTS.

AS an immediate steptoward res
toration, Germany shall pay within
two years twenty billion marks in
either gold, goods, ships, or other
specific forms of payment, with the
understanding that certain expenses
such as those of the armies of oc-
cupation and payments for food and
raw materials may be deducted at
the discretion of the allies.
While the allied and associated
governments recognize that the re-
sources of Germany are not ade-
quate after taking into account per
manent diminition of such re-
sources which will result from
other treaty claims to make com
NSlete reparation for all such loss
and damage they require her to
make compensation for all dam
ages caused to civilians under sew
en- main categories:
(a) Damages by personal injury
to civilians caused by acts of war,
directly or indirectly.
(b) Damage caused to civilians
bv acts of cruelty ordered by the
enemy. and to civilians in the occu-
pied territory.
tc) Damages caused maltreat-
ment OF prisoners.
Cd) Damages to the allied peo-
Piles presented by pensions and
separation allowances, capitalized
at the signature of this treaty.
te) Damages to property other
than naval or military materials
% Damages to civilians by being
forced to labor.
tg) Damages in the form OF
levies or fines imposed by the
enemy.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
THE DANUBE.

The European commission reas-
sumes its pre-war powers, but for
the first time with representatives
of only Great Britain, Italy and Ru-
mania The Upper Danube is to be
administered by new information
al commission until a definite state
be drawn up at a conference of the
powers nominated by the allied and
associated governments within one
year after the peace. The enemy
governments shall make full rep
aration for all damage caused to
the European commission, shall
cede their river facilities in sur
render territory and give Czecho-
Slovakia, Serbia and Rumania, any
rights necessary on their shores
for carrying out improvements in
navigation.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
SHIPPING.

The German government recog-
nizes the right of the allies to the
replacement, ton for ton and class
for class, of all merchant ships and
fishing boats lost or damaged ow-
ing to the war, and agrees to cede
to the allies all German merchant
ships of sixteen hundred tons
gross and upwards; one-half OF her
ships between sixteen hundred and
one thousand tons gross and one
quarter of her steam trawlers and
other fishing boats. These ships are
to be delivered within two months
to the PREPARATION commission, TO-
gether with documents of title
evidencing the transfer of the ships
free from encumbrance.
AS an additional part of repara-
ton, the German government furth-
er agrees to build merchant ships
for the account of the allies to the
amount of not exceeding two hun
dred thousand tons gross annually
during the next five years. All ships
used for inland navigation taken
by Germany from the allies are 20
amount of loss not covered by suCn
restitution to be made up by the
cession of German river fleet up 10
twenty percent thereof.
In order to effect payment by de-
liyeries in kind, Germany is requIr-
ed, for a limited number of years,
varying in the case of each,' to de-
liver coal. coal tar products, dye
stuffs and chemical drugs in spe-
cifiC amounts to the reparations
commission. The commission may
modify the conditions of delivery,
as not to interfere unduIy with
Germany's industrial requirements.
The delivery of coal is based largely
upon the principle of making good
diminutions in the productions of
the allied countries resulting from
the war.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
PREPARATION COMMISSION.

The commission shall consist of
one representative each of the
Gnited States, Great Britain,
France, Italy and Belgium. and in
certain cases, of Japan and Serbia.
with all other allied powers en-
titled, when their claims are under
consideration, to the right of pre-
sentation without voting power. 1t
shall permit Germany to give evil
dence regarding her capacity to
pay and shall assure her just OPP
portunity to be heard. 1t shall
make it's headquarters at Paris: ;
establish its procedure and per-
sonnet; have general control of
the whole reparation problem and
become the exclusive agency of the
allies for receiving holding, SELL
ing and distributing -eparation
payments. Majority vote shall pre-
vail except that unanimity is re-
quired on questions involving the
sovereignty of any of the allies. the
cancellation of all or part of Ger
many's obligations, the time and
manner of selling, distributing and
negotiating bonds issued by Ger
many, and postponement between
1921 and 1926 of annual payments
beyond 1880 and any pOstponement
after 1926 for period of more
than three years, the application
of a different method of measur-
ing damages than in a similar for
mer cases, and the Interpretation
of provisions. Withdrawal from
representation is permitted of II
months notice.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
ECONOMIC CLAUSES

SECTION S. For period of six
months Germany shall impose no
tariff duties higher than the lowest
in force in 1914 and for certain
agricultural products wines, vege-
table oils, artificial silk and washed
or secured wool this restriction OBJ
tains for two and a half years or
for five years unless further eX-
tended by the league of nations.
Germany must give most favored
nation treatment to the allied and
associated powers. She shall i'm
pose no customs tariffs for five
years on goods originating in
Alsace-Lorraine and for three years
on goods originating in far Ge--
man territory coded to Poland with
the right of observation of a sim
liar exception for Luxembourg.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
900 Word Summary of w or1d Peace Treaty

sires to extend its jurisdiction over
/ the lower Moselle, the upper Rhine
or lateral canals.
Germany must cede to the allied
and associated governments GER
tain tugs, vessels and facilities ror
navigation of all these rivers, the
specific details to be established by
an arbitor named by the UniteG
States. Decision will be based on
tie legitimate needs of the parties
concerned on the shipping trafTic
during the five years before the
war. The value will be included IN
tie regular reparation account. IN
the case of the Rhine shares in the
German navigation companies and
property such as wharves and
warehouses held by Germany IN
Rotterdam at the outbreak of war
must be handed over.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
PROPERTY RIGHTS.

As to industrial, literary and
artistic property. rights are rees-
tablished, the special war meas
ures of the allied and associated
powers are ratified, and the right
reserved to impose conditions on
the use of German patterns and
rights when in the public interest.
are abrogated unless invasion has
made it impossible for the rein
sCred to find another reinsurer
Any allied or associated power
however. may cancel all the con-
tracts running between its nations
and a German life insurance. so
that the latter being able to hand
over the proportion of its assets
attributable to such policies.
Except as between the United
States and Germany pre-war Ii
censes and rights to sue for in
fringement committed during the
war, are cancelled.
SECTION - The contracting
powers agree. whether or not they
have signed and ratified the opium
convention of Jan. %, 1912, or
signed the special protocol opened
at The Hague in accordance with
resolutions adopted by the third
opium conference in 1914. to bring
the said convention into force by
within II months of the
peace necessary legislation.
The allied and associated pow
ers agree that the properties of re-
ligious missions in territories be
longing or ceded to them shall
continue in their work under the
conditional control of the powers.
Germany renouncing all claims in
their behalf
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08

agreements with the new states.
She must agree as respects the
radio Geographic convention TO
provisional rules to be commun-
icated to her and adheres to the
new convention when formulated.
In the North sea fisheries and North
sea liquor traffic convention, rights
of inspection and police over asso-
ciate fishing boats shall be eXer-
cised for at least five years only
by vessels of these powers AS 20
the international railway union she
shall adhere to the new convention
when formulated.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
AERIAL NAVIGATION.

Aircraft of the allied and asso-
ciated powers shall have full liv-
cry of passing over and landing in
German territory, equal treatment
with German planes as to the use
of airdromes and favored nations
planes as to international CONNER
cial traffic in Germany. Germany
agrees to accept allied certificates
of nationality, air worthiness or
licenses and to apply the conven-
ton relative TO aerial navigation
concluded between the allied and
associated powers to her own air
craft over her own territory. These
rules apply until 1928 unless Ger
many has since been admitted to
the league of nations or TO the
above convention.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
THE KEEL CANAL

The Kiel canal is to remain free
and open to merchant ships of all
nations at peace with Germany
Goods and ships of all states are to
be treated on terms of absolute
equality. and not to be imposed be
You'd these necessary for upkeep
and improvement for which Ger
many is to be responsible. In case
of violation of or disagreement as
to those provisions, any state may
appeal to the league of nations and
may demand the appointment of an
international commission. Prelim-
mary hearing of complaints Ger
many shall establish a local author
ity at kiel.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
OCCUPATION COST.

Germany is required to pay the
total cost of the armies of occupa-
ton from the date of the armistIce
as long as they are maintained in
German territory. this cost to be a
first charge on her resources. The
cost of reparation is the next
charge, after making such provls-
ions for payments for imports as
the allies may deem necessary.
Germany is to deliver to the al
lied and associated powers all sum S
deposited in Germany by Turkey
and Austria-Hungary in connection
with the financial support extended
by her to them during the war. and
to transfer to the allies all claims
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
ENEMY PROPERTY.

Germany shall restore or pay
for all private enemy property
seized or damaged by her, the
amount of damages to be fixed by
the mixed arbitral tribunal. The
allied and associated states may
liquidate German private property
within their territories as compen-
sation for property of their ma
tionals not restored or paid for by
Germany for debts owed to their
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-05-08
OBLIGATIONS

AS to the Chinese custom tariff
arrangements, the war agreement
of 1905 regarding Whang Poo and
the Boxer indemnity of 1901.
France. Portugal and Rumania, as
to the Hague convention of 1908 re
lating to civil procedure; ard
Great Britain and the United States
as to article three of the Samoan
treaty of 1899, are relieved of all
obligation toward Germany.