The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-09-15
Lawyer Unearths interesting In
formation About "Smock
Marriages."
were COMMON CENTURY AGO
Brides Appeared in Scant Attire to
Protect Husband From Liability for
Her Debts-various Expedients
to Preserve Modesty.

DdhSo AldluCs-A bdlSUI luWNCI
attending court in the ancient town Of
Wiscasset, Lincoln county, recently
went rummaging in the Colonial court
records Of the place and in the curse
of his reading came across the official
registration of a 'smock marriage"
Not knowing what a smock marriage
was, the lawyer looked farther, and
got considerable light upon a strange
custom prevalent in England a GEN.
fury or more ago and also to some ex-
tent in the American colonies.
Smock marriages were weddings
where the bride appeared dressed in a
white sheet or chemise. The reason
for such a garb was the belief that if
a man married n woman who was in
debt he could be held liable for her
indebtedness if he received with her
any of her property; and also, that if
a woman married a man who was in
debt, his creditors could not take her
property to satisfy their claims If he
had received nothing from her at
marriage.
In England, says an antiquarian,
there was at least one ease where a
bride was clothed in puris .naturalibus
while the ceremony was being per-
formed in the great church at Birming-
ham. The minister at first refused
to perform the ceremony, but, finding
nothing in the rubric that would ex-
cuse him, he finally married the pair.
To carry out the law fully as the
people understood it, the ceremony
should always have been performed as
1t was in the church at Birmingham,
In the case noted, but, modesty for
bidding, various expedients were used
TO accomplish the desired end without
the unpleasant features.
Sometimes the bride stood in a
closet and put her hand through a hole
in the door; sometimes she stood be-
hind a cloth screen and put her hand
out at one side; again, she wound
about her q white sheet furnished by
the bridegroom, and sometimes she
stood in her chemise or smock. Event
ually, in Essex county at least, all i'm
mOdesty was avoided by the groom
furnishing all the clothes worn by the
bride, retaining title to the same in
himself. This he did in the presence of
witnesses, that he might be able to
prove the fact in case he was sued
for any debts, she might have con-
tracted.
A marriage of this kind occurred at
Bradford in 1873, and the following is
a true copy of the record of the same:
Bradford, Dec. We "a. 1773.
This may c%ertifie whomsoever il may
that James Bailey of Brad
ford who was married to the widow
Mary Bacon Nov. % last past by me
We subscriber then declared that he
took said person without anything of
estate and that Lydia the wife of
Eliazer Burbank & Mary the wife of
Thomas Stickney and Margaret the
wife of Caleb Burbank all of Bradford
were witnesses that the clothes she
then had on were Of his providing and
bestowed upon her.
Lillian
Minister Of We Gospel.
1t Is noted by the same writer that
In all cases Of smock marriages that
have come to his notice the brides
have been widows.
1t is thought that during the reign
of George III there were many smock
marriages in Maine, then q part of the
province of Massachusetts, Bay, chief
ly in the counties of Lincoln and York.
or in the territory which is now SO
known.
Practice Died Before Revolution.
There is nothing to show that the
practice outlived the revolution. In
Maine, up to 1852, a husband was liza
BILE for debts of his wife contracted
before marriage, and no such subter-
fuge as the smock marriage could re-
lieve him.
Smock marriages we're frequently
performed in Vermont about q century
ago. They were entirely honorable to
both the participants, for they put
wholly aside all considerations of
financial and selfish interest. Accord
ing to tradition, they all turned out
happily. and well they might. The
principle involved in them may be said
to have triumphed in our social life
the great majority of marriages being
now smock marriages in the sense that
the parties are financially independent
of each other.
BY the way, M OF the earliest and
strongest arguments for woman suf-
frage was the necessity of relieving
women from the financial bondage that
they were under to their husbands SO
years ago. All that a m had then
practically belonged to her husband.
Wendell Phillips, In his address at the
first national woman suffrage conven-
tion, held at Worcester i'm October,
1851, called attention to O curious case
that had lately occurred In this state.
A man married a woman who had
$4,000 of her own, inherited from her
father. Dying about a year after his
marriage, this man left a remarkably
generous and manly will-he left these
$4,000 to his wife, so long as shs
should remain a widowt
eH $685. 81 a-r-~