The sun., 1919-07-26
Senate Gets Text Of Paris
Protest Showing Selfish
Motives of Nippon.
sDEsPoILED OF sHANTUNG
Famous 21 Demands Sought to
Grip Nation-Tokio Held
Up Pekin's War Entry.
Special Despatch 70 Tns sur.


pute under peace Of Versailles was
presented to the Senate to-day In a
long document introduced by Senator
Spencer (Mo.) ana ordered included In
the Congressional Record
The document presented the basis OF
the demands advanced by the Chinese
delegation at Paris for the abrogation
of the treaties and notes exchanged
between Japan and China in 1915.
China asserts that these engagements
were extorted from her under compul-
sion. and in good faith she ought not
to be required to comply.>with them.
This claim was urged with great ear
nestness before the Versailles confer
ence, but the decision was that the
provisions of the Chino-Japanese trea-
ties should be adhered to in the settle
ment of Far Eastern affairs.
When they came to Washington ON
their way back to the East some Of the
Chinese delegation at Versailles brought
copies of the Chinese protest and argu-
ment, and 1t was this document that Sena-
| tor Spencer put into the Record 1t has
I been awaited with much interest for the
/, light 1t throws on the-Shanturg settle
ment. The summary and conclusions
follow:
Summing up the arguments II is
submitted that they establish the claim
of China for the abrogation of the
treaties of 1915:
~. Because these treaties are and
constitute one entire transaction or en-
tity arising out of the war and they
attempt to deal with matters whose
proper determination is entirely a right
and interest of the Peace Conference;
! "2. Because they contravene the allied
formula of justice and principles now
serving rs the guiding rules of the Peace
Conference in its task of working out
settlement of the affairs of nations In
order to prevent or minimize the chanc,
of war IN the future;
"3. Because specifically they violate
the territorial integrity and political in
dependence of China as guaranteed in
the series of conventions and agreements
eeverally concluded by Great Britain.
France, Russia and the United States
with Japan:
- Because they were negotiated in
circumstances of intimidation and con-
cluded under the duress of the japanese
ultimatum of May Z. 1915; and
% Because they are lacking In final
tty, being so regarded by Japan, who
sought TO make them final by negotiat-
ing-before China was suffered to enter
the war in association with the Allies
and the United States-a set of secret
agreements at variance with the prin-
ciples accepted by the belligerents as
the basis of the peace settlement"
Part I.-First Instructions to Mr..
Hicki.
I. on December 3, 1914. the Japanese
Minister at Pekin. Mr. Hicki. was
handed at Toxic the text of the twenty
one demands for presentation to the Chi
nese Government. They were divided
into fve groups.
In the first instructions given by
Baron Kato Chen Japanese Minister for
Foreign Affaira) to Mr.. Hicki"-which
were officially published at Toxic on
June 8. 1915-Mr. Hicki was informed
that "in order to provide for the re-
adjustment of affairs consequent on the
Japan-German war and for the purpose
of ensuring g lasting peace in the Far
East by strengthening the position OF
the Japanese Empire. the Imperial Gov
eminent has resolved to approach the
Chinese Government with view to con-
clude treaties and agreements mainly
along the lines laid down IN the first
four groups of the proposals (the
twenty-one demands) believing
It absolutely essential for Strengthening
Japan's position in Eastern Asia as well
as for the general interest of that region
to secure China's adherence to the fore
going proposals the Imperial Govern
ment are determined to attain this end
by all means within their power. You
are therefore required to use your best
endeavor In the conduct of the negotia-
lions which are hereby placed in your
hands"
las regards the proposals contained
in the NTH group" Mr.. Hlcki was in
formed that they were to be presented
as the wishes OF the Imperial Govern
ment" but you are also requested to
exercise your best efforts to have our
wishes carried out"
1t is important, however, to state I, at
the proposals In this NTH group were
presented to the Chinese Government as
demands and not as wishes"
Japan's War Aim.
2. Attention is directed here to these
FIRST instructions to Mr.. Hicki because.
studied in connection with other indi' a
lions of Japanese policy in China they
point reasonably TO the inference that
Japan's dominant aim in the war
against the Central Powers vas the
strengthening OF Japan's position In
Eastern Asia" and the Japanese Govern
usert were determined to attain this
end by al means within their power"
8. This reference to Japan's war aim
is made because It appears desirable to
place all the facts before the Peace
Conference In order that a correct de-
cision may be rendered inter ALA on the
pending claim OF the Japanese Govern
ment for 1.-THE unconditional cession of
the leased territory of Kiao-Chau, to-
gether with the railways and other rights
possessed by Germany in respect of
Shauntung province"
II the real object for which Japan
entered the war was less the destruc-
ton OF German Imperialism than the
creation OF situation enabling her to
strengthen her own position in eastern
Asia by all means within her power" 1t
Is legitimate for China--as the one of
the allied and associated states that
would suffer In the event of the success
OF the Japanese claim-to urge the re-
lection of this claim on the ground that
Japan entered the war and envisaged its
end In a sense at variance with the prin-
cipIe for which the Entente Allies and
America have fought and conquered.
Presentation OF the n Demands.
A. Sir weeks had elapsed from the date
OF the FIRST Instructions when Il was
decided that a suitable opportunity had
occurred for the presentation OF the