The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-08-03
THE PENsACOIA JoRNA1 SUNDAY MORNING. AUGUST 1913

Washington. Aug Charles 4.
Hughes. republican candidate In the last
presidential election. mas drawn UP .
resolution which he oners for adoption
by the United States senate. consenting
TO inclusion of the League OF Nations
covenant in the peace treaty. but sug-
costing four reservations to prevent
sacrificing the essential interests Of the
United States-"
This became known today when corr
respondence between Mr.. Hughes and
Senator Frederick Hale. republican. OF
Maine, dealing with ratification of the
treaty. was made public.
While finding antiquities in article
and Nv dealing respectively with with
. drawal from the league and questions
% purely a domestic, nature. Mr.. Hughes
takes chief exception to Articles xxi
and X. which concern the Monroe doc
trine. and the liability of the United
States, to provide armed forces to pro-
tect other members of the league.
The descriptive phrase" employed In
connection with the Monroe doctrine 70
| said by Mr.. Hughes to be Inaccurate"
| while Article X is branded by him as
trouble breeder which. IL not eliml-
mated, should be thoroughly interpreted.
And Reservations" Afr. Hughes added.
should be Incorporated IN the instru-
ment of ratification to make 1t valid.
but the fact that such reservations are
made should not lead 90 the assumption
that the treaty would fail or the peace
conference would have to resume opera
items.
| Summarized. Mr.. I.ugnes' four reser-
tvations are:
First, that on giving notice Of its in
ttention to withdraw rom the league, q
power shall cease to be a member or
subject to obligations of the covenant at
the time specified in the notice. but that
such withdrawal shall not release that
Hwer from debt or liability heretofore
incurred.
/ second. that questions such as immi-
lgration or import duties which are sole
" within domestic Jurisdiction. shall
mot be submitted for consideration or &C
ton by the league.
Third, that the United States shall
mot relinquish its traditional attitude to-
Ward purely American questions. which
lshar S.,ot be subject 70 Jurisdiction d
1.-THE. ! que leaving this country Tree te
oppose acquisition by any non-Ameri
lean country or territory m the western
hemisphere.
| Fourth. that under Article X the Uni
tied states shall assume no obligation 4
undertake any military expedition or
Iemploye it's armed force on land or ses
unless such action Is authorised by con
lgress. -
Hughes is embodied In letter replying
to one from Senator Hare requesting MI
Hughes opinion on the validity OF reser
IyafiOns the PROPOSED ovcidhS s-AA
iaIso asking Mr.. Hughes what reserva
items in your Judgment should be mao
Ito safeguard the interests OF our coun
ltry." In his letter, Senator Hale assert
lhe wants to see some plan devise
whereby the United States may saiei
lenter the League Of Nations.
In his reply, Mr. Hughes states tnef
LIS q plain need for q League OF Naions.
HE added that there n also the imme
date exigency to be considered al
That sit is manifest that every reason
able effort should be made TO estApns
neace as promptly and to bring ABOUT
lcondition in which Europe can resuH
its normal Industrial activity
.I can zee no reason why these OF
l.ect. cannot be attained without sacr
ficing essential interests OF tne c ...nu.
Staes" Mr. Hughes continues. tne'
lis a middle ground between aiooe'
land Injurious commitments.
While regretting that suitaoie 80
have not been taken TO formuiate AH'e'
IrationaI legal principles ard set.ieme,
of disputes by impartial tribunals "a
| Hughes declares "thefs Is merit enous
IN the proposed plan to make u oesir1
bic to secure 1t. II proper saresuarus %
he adds that .qt II just as futile
exarrerate it's value as 1t IL TO see NOT
ing but its defects-
In his opinion the proposed coVena'
l.hould be viewed "as mere peginhins
But IL is important that a raise sta
should not be made.
rAn r,,.atfo, a. To the validity OF re