davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
COAL SHORTAGE PUT
AT 144,OOO,OOO TONS
Wholesale Official Tells of
Falling Off Due to Lack Of
Summer Demand.
PREDICTS HIGHER PRICES
House Rules Committee Is In
formed That Situation
Really Is Serious.
Special Dsspotch TO The Sos.

WASHINGTON, July 24.-The coal pro-
duction OF the country Is falling nearly
IA, 900 tons short Of meeting the
demand for this year. George II. Cush-
Ing managing director OF the American
Wholesale Coal Association, told the
House Rules Committee to-day.
we are In a race against coal
shortage and have only two months In
which to win" he said. I'VE must
move coal now or 1t will not move at all.
From now until the crops begin to move
In large quantities we can make up part
of the shortage 10 the demand lie In
creased. After the railroads begin to
move crops. then when we need coal the
most the lines will be least able to
carry it,
Mr.. Gushing, at the request of Chair
man Campbell (Kan.). placed in the
record the following figures as to pro-
duction and probable shortage unless de-
mand increases:
indicated ultimate demand for BIZ
luminous coal during coal year 1919,
537,5O0, 900 tons; indicated production,
3s7.46S.00 tons. Shortage, l4o,O32.OOo
tons
Indicated ultimate demand for an
thracite coal year 1919. 100000 tons
Indicated production 1919. s1,42Z,0OO.
Shortage, 3,b7s, 900 tons"
Mr.. Gushing declared that the pres
ent shortage OF both hard and soft coal
is due to the lack of production caused
by the lack Of demand. He strongly
urged stimulated buying now to prevent
more serious situation than faced the
country in the winter of 1917 and 1918.
Members OF the committee said the
short production was due to the pre-
valling high prices, but Gushing said
the high prices were necessary because
OF high wages.
There is no chance of prices being
reduced. and with a shortage almost GER
tain next winter indications are they
will go higher" Mr.. Gushing said.
There will be heavy demand for
coal from Europe for months TO come,
and this will materially drain production
in this country and divert IL from home
consumption. Legislation looking TO
Government control would be futile TO
meet the present situation, and stimula-
ton Of production by a demand for coal
was the remedy. From the time OF his
appointment as Fuel Administrator and
until May, 1918. DR.. Garfield openly
espoussd the theory that coal production
could not possibly be increased. Since
no moro coal could be produced his the
ory was that the burden OF the inevitable
shortage should be equitably distributed
and further that prices should be so
fixed az to reverse the natural economic
law where the demand exceeds the sup
ply.
Late in the spring of 1918 Dr. Gar
field began to stimulate production
while still adhering to restrictions as
his main reliance by advocating that the
people store coal in the spring and sum-
mer months while II could be moved
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
WHEN THE FIRE IS OUT.
How Long" Says the Burned World,
Must l Board the Firemenr,

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN--Sr. No
reader of THE Sun who has the welfare
of the United States at heart can fail
to admire the noble stand taken by your
able paper on the question OF the League
OF Nations and the mastery manner IN
which the pleasing sophistry OF the ad-
vocates OF the League Is exposed in its
columns. The attitude OF papers like
THE SUN and the sturdy, answering
Americanism OF our Republican Sena
tors give to the country the confident
assurance that in spite OF all efforts
to the contrary the United States is
going to remain free and untrammelled
by any other nation or combination Of
nations
Edltorially THE Sun does not as a
rule, take notice of tho mild extrava-
gances OF such misrepresentation Amer
leans as Senator Pomerene. who is re-
ported in your columns on Tuesday
as maintaining that because a fire de-
partment does not depart from the scene
of a conflagration until satisfied that
all the embers are extinguished the fire
department of the nations of the world
should remain on the Job for all future
time. Imagine the victim OF fire at
ficted not merely with his loss but with
fire company to boot on his hands nd
infnitum. This is fair sample OF the
arguments advanced by Mr.. Wilson'S
henchmen. s. F. s.
ATLANTIC CITY, y. j., July "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
TRUST IN THE SENATE.
The Treaty and the League win BE
Dealt with on Their Merits.

To THE EDITOR OF THE sUN-str: Our
transatlantic President has got himself
into a hole.
The Senate, however. Is going 20 deal
with the treaty on It's merits, irrespective
of what Mr.. Wilson may have whispered
in the ear Of Clemenceau OF of Lloyd
George.
It looks now as II II won't be long be-
fore people generally will md out what a
colossal humbug this scheme of a League
Of Nations amounts to. Mischief breed
ing and unavoidable. the United States
should repudiate It in toto.
No dovetailing ingenuity can assign to
each country the proper weight and In
fiuence Its vote shall carry and no more.
This Ii only one Of Its incurable defects.
1t Is gratifying 10 learn that the SEN
ate is not going to be hurried. 1t will
act prudently after a full elaboration.
No so-called reservation" can save It.
The Constitution fortunately forbids our
taking such a foolish step as ratifying
this compact, PoLrcARP.
WASHINGTON July "a
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
except September Of 1914, on the off,

except September Of 1914. on the off,
cial books.
Between them July and August pro-
vide about one-fifth Of the 1924 inches
of rain which New York catches in
the average year, and which is about
the average precipitation in the North.
Think of southwestern Assam, where
the average is 45S inches and where
in 1861 the rainfall was 005 inches.
or rs feet. We thought ourselves
miserable recently, but consider those
towns Of the tropics where all the
rain comes In the summer and all Is
damp misery for weeks. As for the
wetness or dryness of the coming
August, let us be as consollng us we
can. In 1880. when July was sop
ping, August was dryer than normal.
and this was true again In 1907.
In the second year of the war, In
months when showers seemed UNI
reasonably frequent, n popular I'm
preston prevailed that tho cannon
aiding in Europe must have had some
thing to do with the weeping Of the
skies. The weather sharps vainly as
sured their clients that this was not
So could not be so. Looking back
ward over the precipitation figures
for the years of the war 1t Is evident
that the weather men were right. The
rainfall in each year was below the
average Of the last fifty years. Mars
does not affect the work Of ]. Pluvius.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
Wet Vote Geography.

Geographically the anti-prohibition
vote in the House has some interest.
ing features. The Atlantic and Gulf
States gave II Of the 100 opposing
votes, of which total the Gulf States
furnished only 0, listing G., a major
ity Of all the opposing votes, to eight
Atlantic Coast States, thus: Massa-
chusetts, 8; Rhode Island, Q; Con-
necticut. 4; New York, %; New Jer.
sey, Z; Pennsylvania, IL; Maryland,
3; North Carolina, 2.
OF these CT votes 33 were Demo-
cratic and % Republican; of New
YOrk's 81 opposing votes the Demo-
Gratis furnished 10, the Republicans
s, but of Pennsylvania's II votes the
Republicans furnished g. the Demo-
Gratis 3.
The Pacific Coast States furnished
only 5 opposing votes. California 4,
Oregon /.
The great Middle West furnished
but % votes opposing bone dry legls-
lation. Illinois, which makes oceans
of beer but is not greatly noted for 1t
outside the State, supplied IL opposi-
ton votes. yet the two States whose
principal cities are world famous for
their beers, which are transported
across deserts. over mountains, to
modest bungalows snugglel among
roses, as the pretty pictures have
shown US, give the vets but slight
support, only three Representatives
from each State casting votes to save
-S,l 9Isaa.s-aad- -I.nuis.s- amber
beverages from Decentralization.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
ROUND COURT HOUSE BARRED.
Guy Lowell Is Asked 10 Design
s6,0OO.OOO Structure.

New York city will never have the
circular court house that was planned
by Guy Lowell OF Boston in the Mitchell
administration. II was definitely do
cided yesterday that such a proposition
which 1t was figured might cost as much
as S20,o00,000 with prices at their pres
ent level. was little more than even
the wealthies city In America could
stand, Instead, the special committee
OF the Board OF Estimate asked MIR.
Lowell yesterday whether he could de-
sign structure for about $1,000, 900
that would take care both OF the Su-
preme Court and the City Court he
took the request under Amusement
At the meeting of the committee,
which Is composed Of President Bowling
OF Manhattan. Comptroller Craig and
President Moran OF the Board OF Alder
men, Lewis +. Pitcher. the State archI-
tect promised to prepare plan whereby
the court house site could be used not
only for the supreme Court but also for
n State building and n Federal building.
It ls hoped 80 haze this plan and NJ.
LoWelrs new plans to present t. the
September meeting Of the Board Of Esti-
mate.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
Thoughts Upon Putting Away ,
SOrely Tried Umbrella.

II is human to treat the weather
unfairly by remembering its caprices
uTirf- Thus
upon creeping into the sunshine which
at last succeeded the nine days Of
rain the New Yorker Is likely to re-
mark that we have freak weather
every year now. He recalls the mid
summer of 1917 with its exhausting
humidity and high temperature, main
tained for a fortnight the succeeding
winter. with sweep Of cold which
brought the mercury to IS degrees
below on December 30, tied up river
traffic, froze the tenant in his theoreti-
cally steam heated apartment and
forced business people in their Offices
to work with oyercoats and gloves on;
the next summer, last years, when
this town was Hades for nearly
week last winter, with Its unseason-
able mlldness-ard now, following
upon the heels of terrific blast Of
heat, the long drum of rain upon the
tingling nerves, like Chinese torture.
In nearly all Of these outbreaks on
the part Of the weather the official
forecaster has been prevented from
uttering his ancient remark that 1t
Is nothing new, for In heat and cold,
II not in precipitation, the last three
years have broken all the local records.
1t Is necessary TO go back twenty-five
years, to 1907, to match the present
July for wetness. Before that, 1889
and 1872 were the only years on the
record when July skies wept so copi-
ously. BY and large. July Is not a
bad month either In heat or rain.
The mean temperature Is IA; the nv
erage rainfall 4.16 inches, or about
half of the quantity which recently
splashed down upon the scOwling
populace In nine consecutive and ex-
asperating days. July and August
are not dry months, but rather the
wettest pair In the twelve. They nre.
however. freakish. In August, 1873,
the precipitation was 1912 Inches. In
July of 1910 ii was less than quar-
ter Of au lnch--the dryest month,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
LOOT OF THE NATIONS.
other Things Besides Mkwawa's Skull
Might Be Surrendered.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: Since
Mkwawa's skull goes back. Austria re-
stores ancient loot and all is to be ar
ranged neatly why not make thor
ough lob of It?
Let England return to Greece and
Athens tho figures from the pediment
of the Parthenon and the tablets and
metopes from the friese. Let France
restore to Italy La Giaconda' and re-
turn TO the island OF Melos and Greece
the wonderful Venus of Milo. Send back
to Samothrace the wondrous Nike, or
Winged Victory.
Let Berlin restore TO China and Pekin
the ancient bronze astronomical instru-
nlents looted from their temple millen-
mum sites during Boxer days. Let Venice
replace in Constantinople the columns
OF st. Mark and st. George. now in the
Piazzitta della Tene, and take the By
zsntine columns from the archltecturally
polyglot cathedral OF ST. Mark to their
original placements.
And while they are on the Job let
the committee OF restoration ct al. fix
the celestial ceiling Of the Grand Cen
trail Terminal so the sun will not rise
in the northwest and set in tho south
east, as It now does.
OF course l am aware that Herodotus
relates that the Egyptians of his time
asserted that In ages previous "the SUN
has changed his course, twice setting
where he now rises and twice rising
where he now sets" but that occurred
before Stephenson invented the locomo-
tive. II In ages to come the pundits
Of tropical Spitzbergen should find that
celestial ceiling they would have ire
futable evidence that in these days the
heavens were reversed.
FAIRFAX NAULrY.
wAsurSnroE l,ly o.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
j. s. PLANE HERE
ON 1890 MILE TRIP
Big Bomber. With Crew of
Five. VIII Circle United
States.

The FIRST jump OF the big Martin bomb
er. which is carrying Lieut.-Col r. S
Hartz of the Army Air Service and four
other avlators around the rim OF the
United States. landed the big two mo-
tored machine at Mineola yesterday
afternoon at ~ AS.
The machine left Washington yester-
day morning at 10 o'clock and flew up
the coast, stopping in its direct flight
occasionally to circle the larger cities
Shortly after noon 1t reached New York
and the thunder OF Its two Liberty mo-
tors echoed for a time in the canyons of
tho metropolis. A little after 3 o'clock
the big bomber rose again from Hazle-
hurst Field. Mineola. TO hop to Augusta.
Me.
The trip from Washington was not
wholly without incident While passing
-ovef 5arrfnTUrt- '-fsat Ifsert1pad m a
tank near one OF the two motors. Jere-
miah Tobias, one Of the two mechanics
aboard, swung out OF his cockpit and
crept out on one of tho wings to the
tank With 5000 feet OF space under
him and a wind OF sixty or seventy miles
whipping about him he calmly fixed the
leak and came back in safety after half
an hours work.
Before starting for Augusta. which is
$50 miles from Washington, Col HartE
telephoned to get information concern
ing the landing field. Many fields have
been ruined as far as landing sefulness
is concerned by the spell of wet weather,
Those aboard the bomber yesterday
besides Col. Hartz and Tobias. were
Lieuts. Ernest e Harmon and Lolita A.
Smith. and Sergeant John Harding. Jr
Tomorrow the nlers will skip TO Cleve-
land. $50 miles. and from there will fol-
low tho border to Duluth. MINI, Seattle,
Wash, San Diego, Cal, San Antonio,
Tex, Miami, Fla, and back TO Washing
ton. a total distance OF about $500 miles.
Flights will be made over 95 big cities
and over thirty-one States
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
John J. Pershing, IL. d.

On Wednesday, at a special convo-
cation held for the purpose, the hon.
orary degree of Doctor Of Laws was
conferred upon General JOHN ]. PER
SIZING, commander of the American
Expedltionary Forces in France, by
the English University of Cambridge.
The master of ceremonies was that
jocose scholar Vice-Chancellor A. f.
SHIRLEY, who is so well known to
American men of letters, and there
was a large attendance of Cambridge
men who had seen service In the
British army and navy to greet the
distinguished soldier from the United
States Of America.
1t Is the custom of the great Eng
lish universities to require the per-
sonal presence of those upon whom
honorary degrees are conferred.
Hardly any exception is made to this
rule except in case of sickness. For
merly our American institutions OF
learning were rather careless In this
respect and they neither demanded
nor expected the attendance of the
persons thus highly honored; but OF
late years they. have proceeded upon
the reasonable assumption that man
who has been selected TO receive the
highest distinction within their power
10 hcstow ought 20 care enough Ia
come ana get it,
On such occasions the recipients of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25

Lieutenant Colonel ssarle Harris, N. c.,
g. A., IN the Medical Record

Lieutenant Colonel ssarlo HGrTs, N. c., q.
8. A.. IN the Medical Record.
German physicians say that since over
eating has not been possible since 1916
there has been a decrease in stomach dis
eases, but that when a gastric disorder
does arise II Is very difficult to relieve,
because the proper diet 10 lacking. I was
also informed that the low diet has helped
great many people who were accus-
TONED TO overeAting before the war; and
that liver diseases. chronic nephritis.
Brights disease, and other chronic all
ments which nrect men and women over
80 years OF age have decreased cOnsid-
srably. Diabetes. 4 disease which In many
cases is thought TO be due to overeating,
and in which the best treatment is starva-
ton. In said TO have disappeared from Ger
many. asked a physician about govt. a
disease formerly much dreaded by tho
Germans. He laughed and replied. I'VE
don't have govt any more"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25

Eastern New York-Fair to-day.
slightly cooler In south portion. To-mor-
row fair; moderate westerly winds
New Jersey--FaIr to-day and tomorrow
not much change In temperature: gentle
TO moderate west and northwest winds.
Northern New Ens!and-Fair to- day and
tomorrow: not much change in tempers-
ture; moderate westerly winds.
southern New EnglAnd-Fair to-day
slightly cooler on the mainland; to-mor-
western New York-Fair to-day ana
probably tomorrow; not much change in
temperature: gentle variable winds.
is low over tho New England States and
the st: Lawrence Valley, relatively high
over the great lakes and the southe east
States and low over the Rocky Mountain
been showers within tho past twenty -four
hours In the south Atlantic States. south
ern Texas and widely separated points in
the north Rocky Mountain region, south
ern Utah and northern Arizona Fair
weather prevailed In other regions Tho
temperature has fallen In the region OF
the great lakes and It has changed littH
elsewhere. Temperatures remain near the
seasonal average generally except in the
upper Mississippi Valley and the north.
west States. where the weather continued
warm.
The outlook for Friday and Saturday y
for generally fair weather east of the
Mississippi River, except that showers are
probable in the south Atlantic states and
perature changes are indicated for the
eastern half of the country during the next
forty-eight hours except that somewhat
low temperature 10 probable Friday In
York.
:, Observations at United States Weather
Ina
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
The First War Heroes to BE Named
for ONCE Here.

The first veterans of the great war
to be put forward in more than q
tentative way for political Office here
nre Majors FIoRELLo LA GUARDIA and
PHILIP j. McCooK, who have been
Endorsed by the executive committee
Of the New York County Republican
Committee as its candidates respec-
lively for President of the Board of
Aldermen and Justice of the Supreme
Court.
Both Of these men are doubly fortu-
nate in having excellent records in
civil as well rs military life. Major
LA GUARDIA has had experience In the
law, In the consular service, when he
was at Budapest, Trieste and Fiume
in the immigration department at FL
lis Island and in general legislative
work in Congress. His work in the
war, where he served as a flying Off
Ger at the head of the American bomb
ing squad on the Italian front, is
familiar to the public.
Major MCCooK, like Major LA GUAR.
Ola, was war volunteer and he was
wounded in the Argonne Forest. In
the less strenuous activities Of war
time he is remembered as the head
Of Mayor MITcHEL's Committee on
National Defence and as Director OF
the Draft.
The Republicans of this county
have availed themselves of two men
who would be worthy Of the places
for which they are Endorsed even If
they had not distinguished them
selves in the army.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
White Roads or Black.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: I
again come to the fountain Of all knowl-
edge. THE SUN. TO enlighten me on a
matter brought to tho attention OF High
way Commissioner Frederick Stuart
Greene, who has been requested by a
resident OF Greater New York to have
the highways OF the State covered with a
black dressing instead Of a white one as
now, he claiming that white Is injurious
&c the eyes.
Is white dangerous to the eyes"
Albany, July "a JOHN AMARR.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
HONOR FOR GEORGE A POSER
British King AT n Loss How 10 Re-
ward His Premier.

LONDON. July 24.--King George Is
eager TO beBtow an honor on Premier
David Lloyd George in recognition Of his
services in the war and nj the peace
and the form the honor Is
TO take Is being discussed in court
circles, says the Mirror.
Lloyd George would not accept a peer
age. the newspaper asserts, while
KniEhthood OF the Garter, which II the
highest honor in the sovereigns gift, ts
practically confined to peers, although
an exception was made in the case ~
Sir Edward Grey in 1912.
The Mirror suggests that II tho Grey
precedent is not followed some special
honor may be created,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25

Director General Of Railroads. Washing
ton, d. c..
DEAR SIR-Representing. | am conf
dent, a large number OF riders on the
Hudson and Manhattan Railroad. am
writing this letter as a protest against the
inadequate and irregular service which
ete++zsa- --IIadssl- anal
trains. especially between Hoboken and
Thirty-third street. for several months.
Some of the faults Of operation which
are inexcusable from the standpoint OF
efficient railway service are;
Inadequate train service during rush
hours, resulting in such overcrowding
that passengers are endangered.
insufficient number of cars on trains
during rush hours. resulting also in over
crowding.
Failure to maintain schedules through
delay in starting from terminals lack OF
proper speed while running and frequent
stops between Christopher street and
Hoboken.
Failure to keep up equipment, resulting
in imperfect operation OF door mecha-
nlsm, this in turn resulting in delay in
leaving terminals and stations.
Lack of ventilation in summer. no pro-
vision apparently being made for open
windows and no fans being installed in
cars. This results. especially on the
overcrowded trains during rush hours, in
unsan!tary and unhealthful conditions.
Lack Of morale and discipline among
employees. indicated by indifference and
absence OF prompt action on the part Of
train crews,
These and other faults are causing an
unusual degree OF inconvenience and an
noyance to passengers and should he corr
rected nv responsIble officials
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25
Dispersal of Interned Germans.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuS-Sir: Some
time ago you published report that
many Germans freed from Fort Ogle-
thorpe had been sent back home. Can
YOU tell why it Is that the poor Ger
man sailors were sent and the rich Ger
man merchants are allowed to stay here
and begin anew their plots against us?
It Is fact that notorious nest OF
German traitors on Lake Winnepesaukee
in New Hampshire is again inhabited by
convicts from Oglethorpe ready to re-
new their plots against US, for "once a
German always a German"
That they are ostracized by the people
about shows that their ne!ghbors have
better sense than lenient officials.
Pro PATRIA.
LAWRENCE, Mass. July "a.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-25

The wisdom OF the Prince OF WALES
In deciding 70 live on board II. NJ. s.
Renown while visiting this city is not
apparent until it is realized that the
deck OF a British battleship is equiva-
lent to British soil, and the Prince may
wish to entertain his American friends
in style not in fashion Just at present
in this country.