El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-10
Wilson Places
Pact Of Peace
Before Senate
Declares Peace Makers
Convinced League Is
Necessity.

popular vote TO be taken at a distant
date; no free city like Danzig could
be created which was under elaborate
international guarantees to accept ex-
eeptional obligations with regard "a
Z the use OF its port and exceptional
I relations with a state of which il was
not to form a part: properly safe
guarded pleDiscites could not be pro-
iTided for where populations were al
some future date to make choice soi
! what sovereignty they would live I'M
I der; no certain and uniform method
Z OF arbitration could be secured for
( the settlement Of anticipated diff
Z culties of final decision with regard
treaty itself. the long continued su-
/ pervision Of the task of reparation
: which Germany was TO undertake to
complete within the next generation
might entirely break down; the recon-
sideration and revision of administra-
tive arrangements and restrictions
which the treaty prescribed. but which
it was recognized might not prove Of
. lasting advantage or entirely fair II
too long enforced would be imprac-
ticable. The promises governments
We're making to one another about the
way in which labor was to be dealt
with, by law not only. but in fact
as well. would remain q mere humane
thesis If there was 10 be no common
tribunal OF opinion and Judgment to
which liberal statesmen could resort
for the influences which alone might
secure their redemption.
a. league of free nations had
become "A practical necessity Ex-
anime the treaty Of peace and You
VIII find that everywhere
throughout its manifold provi-
siOns its trainers have felt obliged
10 turn to the league of nations
rs an indispensable instrument
tally for the maintenance of the
new order it has been their pEr-
pose to set IN in the wOrid-the
world 0t civilized men.
'.That there should be a league OF
nations to steady the counsels and
maintain the peaceful understandings
OF the world, to make. not treaties
alone, but the accepted principles OF
international law as well. the actual
rule Of conduct among the govern
ments Of the world. had been one Of
the agreements accepted from the
first as the basis Of peace with the
central po7 ers. The statesmen OF all
the belligerent countries were agreed
that such a league must be created to
sustain the settlements that were 10
be effected But at first I think there
was feeling among some of them
that. while il must be attempted. the
formation OF such a league was per-
haps a counsel OF perfection which
practical men. long experienced in the
world of affairs, must agree to very
cautiously and with many misgiv-
ingS It was only as II the difficult
work OF arranging an all but univer-
sal adjustment OF the worlds affairs
advanced from day TO day, from one
stage OF conference TO another. that
II became evident to them that what
they were seeking would be lit
tie more than something writ
ten upon paper. 10 be Interpret
ed and applied by such methods
as the chances Of politics might
make available II they did not
provide a means of common council
which all were obliged TO accept. a
common authority whose decisions
would be recognized as decisions
which all must respect
Most SkepticaI Turn to League.
and so the most practical, the most
skepucal among them turned more
and more TO the league as the au-
thority through which international
action was TO be secured, the author
ity without which, as they had come
10 see IL, II would be difficult TO give
assured effect either to this treaty
OF 10 any other international under
standing upon which they were TO de-
pend for the maintenance of peace
The fact that the covenant Of he
league was the first substantive part
OF the treaty to be worked out and
agreed upon, while all else was in
solution, helped 10 make the formula
enee was after all, not 10 be ephemeral
Inc concert OF nations was to con-
tnue under a difinite covenant
Nnicn mad been agreed upon and
winch all were convinced was work
able. They could go forward with
confidence 70 make arrangements in
tended 10 be permanent The most
praclical OF the conferees were at
last the most ready to refer to the
league Of nations the superintendent
OF all interests which did not admit
OF immediate determination OF all ad-
problems which were 10
require a continuing oversight What
mad seemed counsel of perfection
nao come to seem a plain counsel OF
necessity The league Of nations was
tne practical statesrnan's hope OF sue
cess IN many of the most difficult
things he was attempting.
League Grows in importance
As II had validated itself in the
lnought OF every member OF the con-
ference as something much bigger, /
nuch greater every way than mere !
ms Irnment forcarrying out the pro-
visions Of a particular treaty.
II was universally recognized that /
al the peoples Of the world demanded I
OF the conference that It should Gre I
ate such continuing concert Of free /
hauons as would make wars OF az
erosion and spoliation such as that 1
that has just ended forever impossible /
4 cry had gone out from every home I
in every stricken land from which I
sons and brothers and fathers had
gone forth to the great sacrifice thar I
such sacrifice should never again he 4
exacted- It was manifest why Il mad /
been exacted- It had been exacted 4
because one nation desired dominion 1
and other nations had known no 1
means Of defence except ornaments 1
and alliance
FESTIVE peoples had been told that
fleets and armies which fhav +oiIaf /
to sustain. meant peace; and they now
know that they had been lied to: that 4
Fleets and armies had been main
tanned 10 promote national ambitions !
and meant war They know that no 4
old policy meant anything else but |
force, force-always force And they
knew that It was intolerable. Every
true heart in the world, and every en-
Iigntened judgment demanded that, at
Whatever cost of independent action.
every government that took thought :
for its people or for justice or FOR
ordered freedom should lend itself to
a new purpose and utterly destroy
the old order of international poll
Must Put Monster in Chains.
Statesmen nigh see difficulties,
but the people could see none and
could brook no denial. A war in
which they had been b1ed white TO
beat the terror that lay concealed in
every balance Of power must not end
IN mere victory of arms and q new
The monster that had re-
sorted to arms must be put in chains
that could not be broken. The united
power Of free nations must put a
stop to aggression, and the world
must be given peace. II there was
not the viii or the intelligence to
accomplish that now, there must be