The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-04-06

! 10 De mllu Details CT the closing uoWu
 of factories, coal and food shortages, poor
 crops and the employment of prisoners of
 war in mines and munition plants were 1 suppressed, as were also reports of street disorders, unrest and strikes.
 LIES ABOUT TURKEY
 Referring to the time when hundreds
 were dying daily in Turkey from starva-
 tion and the collapse of the Ottoman army
 seemed imminent. and when Germany
 was sending vast quantities of food and | munitions and heavy endorsements of | troops to the near east, Dr. Mushlon re- | calls the fact that in those dark days "the German people were fed upon roseate | accounts of conditions in Turkey, that
 the Sultan's army was strong and suffi- ! cient, and the Turks were valuable | ally With the enormous masses of | troops that he was to send to Turkey" continues the pamphlet, it was pretty strong to suggest to the press that the | Turkish army reserve was adequate It
 was a deliberate altering of the facts" It must be understood, writes Dr. Much l Ions collaboration, that all the censorship | regulations under which the newspapers were operating were unknown to the peo- | pie. The distortion of facts was thus made easy for every editor He was en- 1 couraged to say that, notwithstanding | that the allies were sinking German sub | marines as fast as they could be built
 the number of new German U-boats | IS four times greater than the losses Our submersible fleet has grown extraordi- narily during the war. The press is to picture the submarine warfare as a
 means of shortening the struggle and not as measure of retaliation or a weapon to starve our foes.'
 After months of deception in trying to convince thf people that America would
 never enter the war, asserts the Krupp | director. when President Wilson sent his ultlmatum, the German press very readily executed an "about face and endeavored
 to minimize the United States as pos sible adversary. Quoting frofn the pam 1 phiet: The entry of America would mean little from naval standpoint. Looked
 at from all angles, it would be possible 1 for her to use only a few torpedo boat | destroyers and a few small, slow cruis-
 CTS which might, perhaps be used as
 conveys. The United States has built
 no armored cruisers, which are decisive l in maritime warfare. For the transport
 Of an army corps of 5000 men, 75 steam
 ships of 1000 tons each are necessary For
 the transport of 100000 soldiers with noth- ing but their marching equipment, 100000
 tons would be necessary for the double | trip"
 KEPT IT UP TO END Even after the United States had landed
 more than 100000 men in France pr.
 Muehlon declares, the German papers | continued their campaign of falsity and delusion. The diplomatic intercourse be- tween Germany and the United States l during the two years preceding Americas entry into the war is set forth in the pamphlet with interesting references to l Count Won Bernstorff and his military
 and naval attaches, Boy-Ed and Won Pa l f,, Mo. l.I,i, as established" that the former ambassa-
 dor and not Dr. Zimmerman, the German 1 foreign secretary. had conducted the cor ! respondence with Heinrich Von Eckhardt l former German minister in Mexico look | ing to an alliance between Japan, Ger
 many and Mexico if the United States
 entered the war. German newspapers were cautioned never to use "the unfor-
 tunate expression, Zimmerman letter."
 because it was believed this might lead to a severance of diplomatic relations be- tween Berlin and Washington.
 After the United StaAes actually had entered the war the censors permitted such statements as the damage to Ger man ships lying in American harbors has been carried on to our satisfaction. For example the giant steamship Vaterland has been made wholly unusuable Even the sketches of the turbine construction have been destroyed
 An interesting sidelight on the psycho- logical view the average German was per- mitted of the American situation is shown in the following standardization by Dr. Muehon: "At the beginning of the war America was inimcal to Germany. But this situation was improved After the Lusitana things got worse again, Then an improvement set in because America had such cause for complant against England. At the time of the breach of diplomatic lations the impress ion prevailed that the people did not want war with Germany.
 Wilson has a more strongly autocratic position than any European ruler Since he is English in his upbrnging he knows little or nothing about German things and has no use for Germans. Undoubted- ly he has been against us from the outset Often, however, he has had to guard the interest of American high finances. Will son himself has an unbrigable character
 He did not labor to bring about war with Germany, since there does not exist a positive desire for war
 Lansing is outspoken German hater. He is the great friend of Eng land, and always was for participation in the war for America. His voice can never mean much for us Negotiations with America are no longer possible for us It wanted the war and that is its affair."
 VON KUEHLMANN BROKE SPELL
 The mesmeric spell which had been cast upon the people as result of reading daily ''an unbroken chain of victorious announcements" pr. Muehlon points out was dissipated when ForeiEn Secretary Von Kuehlmann declared publicly that the war could not be won ''militarily,'' It cost Von Kuehlmann his post but it awakened the German people to the fact that they were on the precpice of nation- al disaster. Thereafter the censors per mitted less optimistic and bombastic news reports.