davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

HNHE reports which have come
from Paris in recent days
indicate that our repre-
sentatives there are pursuing a pol
,cv that can hardly have any other
nurpose than to prepare the way
fnr the occupation of CONSTANT
NOBLE by the United States as
mandatory for the league of ma
t;ons. and not impossibly a similar
occupation of Armenia and the
larger fraction Of the Turkish En-
njre in Asia Minor.
The arrival of America at the
Golden Horn would represent one
of the most amazing TRANSFORMED
tions of the greatest European
problem which it is possible to
imagine The mere prospect of
American fleets guarding and
American armies garrisoning the
waters and the hills for which Eu-
.rope in ancient times and the vari-
Gus great powers Of Europe in mod
ern times have contended should
make the statesmen and diploma
fists who wrote the Treaty of Ber-
Lin turn in their graves.
It is clear, and has been clear
ever since the world war ended,
that there are three possible solu-
tons for the problem which is it.
self the heart of the Eastern ques-
ton. that Of the Straits themselves.
|. is possible to assign CONSTANT
nople. the shores, the Dardanelles,
the Bosporus and the Sea of
Marmora to great power as a
mandatory of the league of nations.
1t is possible to create some kind
of international state in this
area, and. finally. it is possible to
restore the territory to the Greek
world, and by adding Thrace, Con-
stantinople and the western prov
inces Of Asiatic Turkey. which have
Greek populations, to the kingdom
Of Greece. thus TO fashion new
state which. on the map, will strik-
irgly recall that Byzantine Empire
which for a thousand years con-
tinued to hold most Of the territory
which would now be included i'll the
new Greece.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
The Golden Horn Is a Perilous Tmst For
The Claims of Greece Are Well
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Are
Put in Her WAY

ately seeking for itself the manda-
tary for Constantinople, is interpos-
ing barrier between a legitimate
objective and millions of people, for
while it is still uncertain whether
Congress will permit the United
States to undertake a responsibility
inconceivably vast, our representa-
tives in Paris are at work so
changing the boundaries in Thrace
as to erect obstacles in the path
way Of the Greeks, on the wholly H.
customary pretext that the Bulga-
rians will preclpitate a new Balkan
war if they are not permitted to
hold strip of Egean seacoast, thus
cutting Greek territories in half.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

she had many, like her friends in
Russia at an earlier period. had at
last recognized the fact that it was
useless TO hope that Bulgaria would
lay aside her ambitions TO be the
Prussia Of the Balkans and dominate
the Serbs, the Greeks and the Ru-
manians, as Prussia dominated tire
Hanoverians, the Saxons and the
Bavarians.
The Serbs, the Greeks and the
Rumanians have been willing 10
compromise their difficulties, and all
three mutually recognize the rights
Of the others to existence indepen-
dent and self-sustanlng. Tie Bull
garian. on the contrary, has ever
held for himself the role of the
Prussian in the Balkans. To sus-
tam this role he has in the last seven
years Fought the Turk. the Greek.
the Serb, the Rumanians. and large
temporary acquisitions of territory
have been only an incentive for fur
Their hostlities.
There is something almost naive
in the American policy at Paris with
respect to the Eastern question, and
particularly with respect to the
Greek and the Bulgar. This effort to
compromise a quarrel 100 years
old can only lead 70 homogeneous
failure. The question which one has
to ask in the Near Fast. the question
that Americans must ask ard an
swer. is. shall we take Constants
nople. or shall we lend cur assist
ance to the erection Of a Greek state
in those regions which were once
ruled by the Hellenzed Empire
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Devastated France-American Aid Is Needed

committee has installed the first school
which has functioned in five years,
utilizing therefor one of the German
barracks which they failed to destroy
IN their haste to leave. In one of the
huts I found bread in abundant supply
being distributed to the population on
basis of Az cents pound while
we pay upward Of Is cents in America
for the same.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31


would probably
that America should become
southwest
Italian
Obliged
their demands Albania
shaded
there proposal that the oit ao
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
By Lucien N. Brunswig
Chairman California Branch Ameri
can Committee for Devastated
France

1ULY ID of 1919. the year of vic
~ tory and peace, will be epochal
in the history of the world In
the ranks of Allied troops, headed by
Marshals Foch and Joffre and closely
followed by General Pershing, we saw
Frances manned soldiers.
Immediately after the fete went on
my tour of investigation in She ravaged
cantons of the Aisne, allotted BY the
French government to the American
Committee for Devastated France. On
the way out France remains btaut-
full paysage up to Villers- Cotterets. the
one-time home of Alexandra Dumas,
we'll known to his readers. From there
on signs of war are apparent, with
roofs caved in and sides of houses
battered by shells.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

of the city on October ~, 1918, taking
place on five hours notice. quickly fol-
lowed by the victorious entry of the
French troops. During the lombard
ment preceding the taking of the city
the Boche added another act of van
dalism by forcing the civilian popula-
ton to work where the shells fell the
thickest, causing the killing of many;
the signalling to the French of the
slaughter brought about cessation
Of the bombardment, enabling the
Boche to evacuate with a minimum of
loss.
The prospects in that region for next
winter are appalling. No coal is avail
able. The miserable population, which
is existing in dugouts, cellars and bar
racks, are so huddled that they must
cook their meals on trench stoves i'm
provised for the purpose, outdoors, ex-
posed to the weather. With the ice
and snow that will be impossible, and
they must again migrate to warmer
chimes. Miss Anne Morgan tells me
that here in Paris her own supply Of
coal will be vastly reduced and what
little she obtains will cost 400 francs
= ton (ss0).
Moving on to the destroyed villages.
the hrst' Cerisieres, had before the war
some 200 inhabitants There are about
100 returned. The houses are practi-
cally all wrecked. The French govern
ment premiere urgence (first add
has constructed few barracks and our
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Cons,antinopie a Big
Task for ANY Nation

To create Constantinople a sep
arate entity under the league of
nations, to assign it to a single ma
ton as q mandatory, would be pos
sible only if the STATE thus selected
were sufficiently removed from Eu-
ropean complications and ambi-
tons. For example. it is incon-
celvable that the British would con-
sent to d French occupation of
Constantinople, or the french to a
British. The French and the Brit
ish together empha tically would OPP
pose Italian possession of Constan-
tinople British policy for half a
century was occupied in preventing
Russia from laying hands upon Con-
stantincple. The pacific penetra-
ton Of Turkey by Germany and the
alliance of Turkey with Germany
transformed the world situation, to
the very great alarm of Britain,
whose protectorate of Egypt and
the Empire of India were thus
threatened by an enemy who pos
sessed route on which to move
armies from Europe to Asia beyond
the reach of British fleets.
The nation which holds Constan-
tlnople viii control the seward gate
of the larger part of the Russian En-
plre, or, if the Ukrainian state estab-
hshes its independence, will control
the exit to the open sea of this new
state, together with those of Ru-
mania and such new nations as rise
along the Black Sea. In the same
fashion it will hold the vital gate
way by which European armies
might approach Britain's Asiatic
and African colonies, might strike
auez, which the Germans not inaptly
described as the "Achilles heel" of
the whole British Empire.
french, British, Italian and in all
probability eventual Russian ambi-
tons conflict or will conflict in the
Old Ottoman Empire, nor is it at all
unlikely that when Germany has at
!ast recovered from the present war
leutonlc eyes will turn again to the
great region of Asia Minor, in which
herman capital and German en-
t'heers constructed the Bagdad Rail
i~ad and IN which the Kaiser and
MS associates dreamed to construct
lor their country a place in the sun.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Pinon Raced by Foe;
Chinese Adopt Mascot

At Coucy-le- Chateau the American
Committee for Devastated France has
just concluded delayed celebration of
the 14th Of July with an aggregation
of some 5000 of the unhappy people.
This was their first joy in five years
Some aged and infrm walked from ten
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Russia Might Challenge the Man.
date of the United States
Over Constantinople
By rank H. Simonds

seeing the single outlet, on warm
water, of this vast country In the
hands of any rival European power.
1t is perfectly fair to assume.
then, that the United States is the
only country to which, with the con-
sent of all the other great powers,
the mandatory of Constantinople
could be assigned. With the pos
slole exception of Russia, now
powerless. no great European state
would interpose any protest, and the
French and British would be frankly
relieved to see the city and it's wa
terways in the hands of a nation
which would not under any circum-
stances use this. possession to do in
jury to English, French or Italian
political or economic interests.
In a word, aside from possible
Russian objection in the future, and
secret misgivings on the part of the
Italians, who, at the present mo-
ment, are indulging in imperial as
plratlons as preposterous as they
are colossal, Constantinople lies open
to America at any moment CONGRESS-
will consent that we assume the
mandatory,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
4 Buffer for
All of Eu. ope

1t is worth recalling that whatever
were the weaknesses and failures %
the Byzantine Empire. it d4d sue
coed for thousand years n hold
ing back the various iaeas joins origi-
mating in Asa and s,ek.ag ID cuguf
the feeble surviving flame Of Latin
civilization. What Neraun wa for
q moment il the World var. Con tan
tinople was for nearly tea centuries
in European history Wtcn 1t d.d
fall. victorious Turkish armies swept
northward through Ba lapest To the
walls of Vienna. Had uey come
earlier. Wine Europe Ma still to-
tally disarmed. they nasni have pre-
vailed.
Thus, Ia classical tim Greece
held of the Persians. while in
later history the Byzantine Empire
repulsed the Saracens and long de-
layed the Turks NON It Is possible
that Greek state. occupying much
OF The territory Of the Old Byzantine
Empire, guided by friendly Euro
pean and American ~tatesmanshlp,
might create along the shores % the
-9lgean and Of the Straits new
Greek state sufficiently strong to
stand up against external pressure
and united in sympathies with the
Western powers who have won the
war.
1t seems TO me that it would he
very great mistake for the United
States To permit itself now to he
persuaded to undertake a mandatory
for Constantnople, which would
carry with it great military and
financial burdens, involve US in con-
ffict with the legitimate aspirations
Of the Greeks, make US a part If
all the intrigues. maneuvreS and
quarrels which must inevitably fol-
low the collapse Of the Turkish En-
pre- IN Asia Minor. Above all. it
seems to me very great mistake
tor our representatives at Paris.
while there Is still no American de-
cision, before Congress has spoken.
to insist on the carving Up Of the
old Turkish territory in such fashion
as to perpetuate The grievances
which it seeks to abolish.
The Eastern question is neutral.
1t Is as unlikely that it viii be settled
at Paris now as it was impossible
thai IT should be settled By the Con-
gress Of Berlin or by that other
Paris gathering which followed the
Crlmean war. But it is worth recall
ing that on the lands now claimed
for Greece there once lived IN peace
and IN prosperity a portion #
Greek world. and that if no solution
now promises absolute security there
IS on the other hand 10 visible set
tlement which gives greater promise
and, moreover, 90 restore CONSTANT
nople to the ancient Greeks would
be to return a city which. after FIVE
centuries Of Turkish rule, has pre-.
served IN no small measure its
ancient Hellenic character.
Ciola. Mcclure Newspaper Syndicate
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Scissors Shows Cruel
Marks of Warfare

Then we reach scissors, and there
the story is more forceful. The rail-
way station is a makeshift and is pro-
ceeding with reconstruction, but the
large buildings and accessories, as we'll
as the factories of the city, show moth
ing remaining but the iron super
structures or parts of walls.
We continue to the city Of Laon,
the bulwark of the Germans for up
ward of four years, their evacuation
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

in this common partnership of belliger-
ence America came in the last and suf-
fered the least, III is meet that we
should now open our hearts and our
purses and help TO minimize the mis-
fortunes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
THE New GREECE MMMMMAEvzeaz 57epCa1E2oav MxNogzz9

the will probably emerge from
1.-The
the Egean will
although
a o
champoned
In addition
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
=. 5. Alone Acceptable
i" All Nations Involved

Manifestly for the French, the
russians and Italians, British pos
session of Constantinople on the
"0rth, together with certain British
possessions of Mesopotamia and
saiestine on the south, would mean
almost inevitably the ultimate re-
an'on of the whole Turkish En-
P're under British protection. But
french OF Italian possession would
nreaten British interests, while no
russian could patiently submit to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

capitol Of the Greek world. Even
after the Turk took the former city,
extinguished the eastern empire,
conquered Greece as we'll, the popu-
latlon of Constantinople and of the
shores Of the Straits and the Egean
remained in larger part Greek, and,
aside from the Turk, the largest
single ethnic group in Constanti-
nople to-day is Greek.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31
Greeks Long Hoped for
Restoration of Empire

For nearly five centuries tho
Greeks have looked forward to the
restoration Of the Byzantine EN-
pire. Athens, the peninsula and the
cities associated with the glories of
classical Greece, remain for the
foreigner, and particularly for
Americans, the expression for the
meaning of Greece so far as the
map is concerned. But such a
Greece would, in the nature of
things, be condemned to the estate
of a small power, and it is not as
small power that the Greeks see
their country for the future. In
the days of it's greatness, in the
days of its relative decline, the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-31

ci'ls. Mcclure Newspaper Syndicate
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
RESERVE
BREAKS RECORD
Crown and Magnitude ~ Operations
Exceeds Everything Know~ In
Ranking World.

"A new record has been made IN
1913. exceeding everything known TO
our experience and that Of the bank
ing world" announced George J. Seay.
governor of the Federal Reserve bank.
OF Richmond. In his preliminary annual
report issued TO the stockholders yes
terdAy-
The volume OF the clearing business
has Increased from ss,4e3. 100000 in
1917 to s7.t13.eoo.ooo In 1918. The
amount of federal reserve notes out
standing increased from $50. 900 to
Sl5o.0o0.o 900 at the close of 1918. The
total volume OF paper money discount
ed and bought in 1917 was $3.50, 200, 900
compared to the record OF 1913 of
-, 33o. 900. 900.
The number OF employees increased
from t25 to asa. including s,xty-four
at the Baltimore branch. Ono hundred
and sixty Of these are women
Tho Federal Reserve banks were
called on to perform varied duties as
fiscal agents Of the United States In
connection with the liberty loans.
Issues of certificates of indAhtedna ass
and other financial operations of the
government All Of these operations
Increased enormously on account of
the war. Secretary OF the Treasury
w q. McAdoo included the following
In hts annual report:
The Federal Reserve system has
permitted the enormous transactions
connected with financing the war to be
carried through without shock or dts
turbance, and its services will not be
less important 10 the government and
To the nation In facilitating the read
tuetment from \ war basis to a peace
basis, and to assist and foster there
after the development Of agriculture,
industry and commerce. under normal
peace conditions.~
In his report Governor seay says:
I. TN our report the operations for the
year 1917. we said: The growth of
banking and the magnitude Of nnan-
cial operations exceeded everything
known TO our experience or to the ex-
pertence Of the banking world.
A. win be clearly seen in this re-
port. q new record has been estab-
Iished during the year 1915"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19

Several persons have asked Inc
Morning Telegraph why this news
m r.r s,,A y..,,.rdav chat the country
ana
VIII DC ory al an carry oase' Ii
States. 1t is asserted. test cases are 10
be made OF the right of legislatures to
nr-o, =, e. r..,,,,,,or,,,v ~ the
1890 W zig a.
prohibition amendment or ra,her US
! Y. e. - - p1YS>1NXA
lures. the ground peing tnat ~ 'nosc
nI.ecn states the referendum ~ pro-
s'6ed.
we rose our patience Wneh We nsa.
sucn tWaooie as ms, any one ~
y an!e 10 reaa Eaenah anu mas III
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19

NEW SOLICITOR -GENER.AL OF
THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
|--Alexander c. King, Of Atlanta Ca.
the nav solicitor-generai OF tho de-
partment Of Justice. Mr.. King sue
ceeds John W. Davis recently appoint
ed ambassador to Great Britain
tCopyright) C1inedinst. from Under
wood & Underwood.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
|lER N
|B||||N|lI AL STOCKS

elx Ian. 1A--The actual bank
N te1Ay showed surpl1s In
nxa.3e0: loans increased &lA-
nj demand deposits In
k23<,e46 TIE average state
to1. aufplus decreased &7.7s7.-
t4efeased $&.:6s, oue and net
~ 4e3sA Increased Sa&.1ss.ooo-
xhs !. largest ~ eesnmissicn
49, sE.s-E~.. .s.xsA.f sst-~<,s AersakAAt
Hs " f1pely since the armistice was
&tk they have once moro
~ DoAM limit. That Ii what Is
y - with the stock market The
i oWoe 10 exhausted not be-
y. = no4 there. but because The
n1nittse fcrbids American Cit
- IL money that 10 piled up
6A4 Pools distributing honds
MI 49, ~ this money, but citi-
N1E4me 10 buy stocks are forbid
oFSpw money for which they
- give ample security. The
Nsxs1nosoG the money trust IL heavy
F1mnA Industry and enterprise
ss De9N lever In nearly all stocks
kk4x1 Ayusult Of the inability Of
stsxs - bay Tor solvent customers
asxs - Re<rcleum broke badly TO
- lusol for the mavemenf and
III Aonos Steeks vers heavy for the
g - = weekA Omitted States Steel
ts ~ leO~Ut price since the
8. - vns stgnsa When n sold At
ssss~ Ii Displayed 40 raliytng power.
80 eoMkneaGs 81 steel hAs been the
Essx4 much uneastness for several
1Goeee stockA raffrca6 equip
u oGnooAias md eoppSrx wers al
- La
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
PROHIBITION AMENDMENT NOT LIKELY
70 BE UPSET IN ANY STATE
New York Morning Teegr1ph,

California Constitution that provides
for State referendum ON laws en-
acted by CONGRESS or any action taken
by the Federal lawmakers. Such q
measure would be ridiculous.
Going further into this matter OF
the referendum. the Federal Ccnsti-
luton provides for representative
form OF government It specifically
SAYS as~rsA ksxf slrsaAx skoup.. that
srs1>eefpufrna 81 the 1eElIIif drss no,
the several States" must approve of
an amendment to the national Con-
EtitlFion before u can become q law.
There is nothing In the great docu-
ment drawn up by the fathers provid-
ing for government by mobs or the
validating Of Constitutional amend
ments by mass meetings. This Il =
government OF law. and tfYe law II
The way to amend that paper II pro-
vided for in the Constitution itself.
and 1t is not the way some lawyers
out in California and other States pre-
tend to think 1t is.
The Morning Telegraph never aup-
ported the prohibition amendment
from the beginning. We have believed
in a general way In persons doing -
they please. provided they keep with
in the law. We even have believed
that = man had the right 10 SGT In
toxcated II he wished, though we
thought him fool for doing II But
In saying that the prohibition amend
nent has become part OF tho Constftu-
ton we merely tell tho truth. and
those who are writing and telephon-
ing and ob5ecttng to It can save their
breath and time Yells ana shFieks
over the vtre and frAntcally written
letters cannot alter or change thai
whichsA
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19

YsF1k jan it--r!uctuxttons ia
l4on uVAyke< to-day continued sr-
ord there vas little feature TO
! Safi1ga. eeattmeot rernAtn q
- % N aAv8ace owing to the be-
~ al woAk long lines have been
s-aka1 69t there wAs no aggressive
e 6Un the reAettcnixts and the
.unonro9 - - sensstive so selling
- U1Us<tlsmcnt In securities un-
Z my SERVED 70 induce liquidation
!: ] 04apse ~ wan street commission
= nAd DeAxlsh visible supply fig-
49, led 10 o6ertngs. The market
.4 1ke06y It . net advance OF seven
Nsto Z 1eeainA 81 ten points
- rsvisWv Of the goods situa-
\ 1A11eaAed little change with cur
81 Increasing not ndinE
UceH FOR IN improved inquiry fo'
n e the present quarter.
Asro0sfpts at the port for tire day
3 81, ~ baaes against 1906 a yea,
~ herS was .ru.et At . decline o
I pelnta. At 19.os; no sales. Spc
New Orleans was unchanged a
!. with ssles OF s.73a bales.
eefpts At Galveston were 1855
a0rfesns., ..1ss; Mobile. se5 and sa
~, i. 7O< bAies.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19

an regulations n 70 shipment and
~ Of Pslnsylvania anthracits ssx.
pea and buckwheAt sizes have Dsen
withdrawn. which means that free
movement OF thess sizes into states
heretofore enlarged. - now per-
missabie. For the present the re-
strictions as % the shipments and
uses Of Pennsylvania anthracite stow
and nut coal are still in effect, but the
indications are that these two sizes Of
Pennsyivania anthracite. win IN the
near future become more plsntiful
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
Hurt I'm Collision.

Automobiles driven by A. J. Darling.
AZ Rio Vista. and J. r. Francis, of New
pert News. collided At Grace and Pine
streets yesterday afternoon shortly be-
fore ? o'clock. resulting In the injury
Of Miss Francis leland. who was not
hurt seriously. The cars were dam
aged slightly.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
PRICE REGULATIONS
on COAL n L1ETrD

DE. Garfield has announced that
effective February 1. all zone and
price regulations on coke and coal
except Pennsylvania anthracite will
be suspended This refers to mine
prices wholesalers margins. purchas-
ing agents commission and retail
margins and prices
It was announced January 10 that
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-19
shipstu6 fspring, -. @ IS %
Bran fsprtng) ........ q 81 90
local PRODUCE MARKET.

twhosesaie market quotations based
upon actual saics~)