Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1919-07-28

- ~e@~S@es WSA v AsS(IbotAA Y
terests.
The interpretative reservations sug.
gcsted by Hughes were:
THAT any nation, after giving the
two years notice of withdrawal shall
cease to be & member of the league
despite any charge of non-fuliiliment Of
any international obligation, providing
the withdrawal would not release the
power from any debt Or liability.
2-That questions relating TO immi-
grafton or import duties, when they
do not affect any international engage
ment, should be regarded as matters Of
domestic policy and not within the jur.
isdiction Of the league.
3--That the United States under ar.
.tiele XXI Of the covenant (referring to
the Monroe Doetrine) does not relin.
quish any Of It's traditional attitude to
ward purely American questions and
that the United States may prevent ae.
quistion by any non-American power Of
any territory or control in the western
hemisphere.
4-That tho United States un0tr er.
tiele X Of the covenant does not assume
any obligations to employ its army or
navy in any expedition that is not aus
thorized by congress.
Letter Answers Query.
Hughes letter was in response TO
communication from Hale, in which the
letter asked the former supreme court
justice for his opinion as to what reser
vaiions to the peace treaty and league
covenant should be made ''to safeguard
the interests Of the country.
Hale said that "many Of us are ia ia.
vor Of having the United States enter a
league Of nations, provided that in SO
doing, we do not sacrifice the sovereign
ty or traditional policies Of our coun
try" He added that g we believe the
covenant now before the sen.
ate does make such a sacrifice.
Need Of League Plain.
"There is plain need for a league Of
nations" Hughes replied, ''in order to
provide for the adequate development
If international law, for creating and
organs Of international jus.
lee and the machinery Of eonciliation
ind conference and for giving effect to
measures Of international cooperation
which from time to time may be agreed
ipon.
at Is manifest that every reasonable
ffort should be made TO establish peace
Is promptly as possible end TO bring
bout n condition in which Europe can
esume its normal industrial activity"
Hughes said he perceived no renson
why these objects cannot be attained
Without sacrificing the essential inter
sts of the United States" and sug
.ested there was "middle ground be.
ween Eloofness and injurious commit
ients.
zone must take a light hearted view !
+ conditions in the world 10 assume
hat the proposed plan will guarantee
he said. "Rather, the proposed ! !,
oyenant should be regarded as mere
Reservations vital.
According 10 Hughes, "the prudent ,
curse would be to enter the proposed z
,aQue with reservations Of reasonable
haraeter which should meet with =
ssent. h
Regarding the validity of reserya-
ons. Hughes said there was no need 70
,sume that reservation would lead
|, the complete failure of the treaty 70
,mpel a resumption Of the peace con N
renee, when the reservation leaves IN. ;
npaired the main provisions of the ),
,scnant. lie added that any nation 1;
aking reservations lis not bound fur
er than It agrees to be bound. . m
Referring 10 article X as troubie y
.eeder and not peace maker, Hugh h,
said; \,
at is idle to attempt to commit free I,
ople TO the making Of war in an un- =
iown contingency when sueh a war A
ay be found to be clearly opposed TO n
e dictates Of justice.
nof course q limitation Of the oper.
ion Of article X to a period Of years
1uld be preferable to the indifinite
lIgation proposed. But, IN ny lndg- d
mt, It would be better that, II article vi
Is not eliminated, a reservation and ez
IN