davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-03-07
CZECHS IN BATTLE
WITH BOHEMIANS
Germans, Defiant, Attempt to
Hold Election for Austrian
Assembly.

VIENNA, March 6.-The National Con-
stituent Assembly has elected Karl
Seitz, leader OF the German Social De-
mocracy In Austria, President. and Herr
Hauser, Social Democrat. Vice-President.
There have been sanRuinary engage
ments between Czech soldiers and citi-
gems in numerous towns In German
Bohemia. according to reports received
here. The trouble started when the
Germans attempted to hold elections for
the Austrian National Assembly in
Vienna. which the Czech Government
prohibited because Bohemia is Czech
territory. The Germans organized man
ifestations against the Czech rule and
the Czechs used rifles and bayonets in
Expressing the demonstrations. Three
persons are reported to have been killed
at Kartlsbad and ten at Sternberg.
A number of others are reported TO
have been killed or wounded in clashes
at Reichenberg, Aussig, Bruex, Eyer
and Niles.
NJ. Tusar. the Czecho-Slo Plenipo-
tertiary. has issued an official declara-
ton that the Czech Government refuses
to pay the March coupons on the Aus
trian war loan or assume part Of the
pre-war debts OF Austria Hungary. Such
action, he declared would be a crime
against the Entente Allies.
The Supreme Council of the Peace
Conference. February 25, was reported
to have decided that the coupons OF the
Austro-Hungarian debt falling due on
March ] should be paid. The in.erallied
financial commission told the council
that there were funds in the banks OF
the former Hapsburg empire to make
the payment
The Czechs and other Independent po-
litical units objected but the council met
the objections by deciding that the use
OF the common funds in the payment OF
the war debt would not Il construed as
obligating them for the fu'ure.
The sun., 1919-03-07
Who Benefits by High Prices?

You feel that retail meat prices are too
high.
Your retailer says he has to pay higher
prices to the packers.
Swift & Company prove that out of
every dollar the retailer pays to the
4 packers for meat, cents is for packers
profit, IS cents is for operating expenses,
and IS cents goes to the stock raiser; and
that the prices of live stock and meat
move up and down together.
The live stock raiser points to rising
costs of raising live stock.
Labor reminds us that higher wages
must 60 hand in hand with the new cost
\ of living
No one apparently is responsible. No
one, apparently, is benefited by higher
N prices and higher income.
We are all living on high-priced SCALE
1 One trouble is, that the number of dollars
has multiplied faster than the quantity of
goods, so that each dollar buys less than
formerly.
Swift & Company, u. S. A.
s''"''" ho css, 1Ssss s Ha1s; S e5:'r New
a Ed~ard Di. a%" M sHs@Ss
- So =,.===..====
The sun., 1919-03-07

By the associated Press.
WEIMAR, March Sin the discussion
Of the Polish question in the German
National Assembly to-day Matthias Err
The sun., 1919-03-07
DANTZIG MAY Be
MADE POLISH PORT
Allies Recognize Great Need Of
Nation for Access to
the Sea.
special Gable Despatch 10 The Sun from the
Londor Times Service.


Londo- Times Service.
Copyright. 1919: oil riohfs reserred.
PARIS, March 6.-The future OF Dant-
zig, which II was hoped would be settled
at the beginning Of this week, still re-
mains undecided. The solution OF this
question depends on the point OF view
from which II Is regarded. II the pro-
fessed intention OF the Allies liz to create
strong. independent Poland and II
Poland Is TO be strong II must have
access to the sea. That is a point on
which every one would agree. The
natural port of Poland is Dantzig. The
simplest solution would therefore be to
give Dantzig to Poland.
But here one comes into contact with
chronological principles, the maintenance
Of which has been one Of the objects Of
the war. Dantzig Is essentially Ger
man city. although there Is a pajority
OF Poles In the population of/the sur
rounding country.
Compromise IL Proposed.
VIII 1t be fair, one may ask. to hand
over city full of Germans to the Poles7
A compromise accordingly has been pro-
posed. 1t has been suggested the require
ments of the Poles would be met II they
were secured free transit for goods down
the Vistula to the sea. and a free port
established for their use at Dantzg.
Dantzig, in this case, would become n
wealthy and important seaport owing TO
the Polish trade which would pass
through it's harbor. 1t would become the
home of a Polish merchant community
which would from year to year grow
stronger until Polish influence became
paramount.
1t is probable the Prussians would
place every obstacle possible in the way
of Po'.sh development at Dantzig. In
that contingency lies Germany's future
strife. II. on the other hand-and 1t
must be admitted this is too much to ex-
pect--the Prussians make no struggle
against the Poles, Dantzig will In the
course OF a generation become a Polish
city pure and simple. and as such why
should 1t be included in German terri
tory?
Two Points in Problem.
The problem OF Dantzig hinges on
two important facts First, prosperity
OF Poland depends on Dantsig Just as the
prosperity of Dantzig depends on Poland.
If Polish trade does not go through
Dantzig, Dantzig will become a dead
city. Second. there Is no choosing be-
tween a strong Poland and a strong
Prussia. If we want Prussia to be
weakened we must have Poland strong I;
II we want Poland strong. Prussia must
resign her position as a dominating
Power in Europe.
For any durable settlement OF the
problem to be arrived at these two points
must be accepted and continually borne
in mind.
The sun., 1919-03-07

We call on you to-day for Supreme Charitable Efortan
in the Name of God and His Charity.
Let us all do very best-and let those who have pent
support the of the survivors of these horrors with off
of generous size.
The sun., 1919-03-07
THE RIVER TURNED IN
ITS, COURSE
-Lan,cniations I'll
''ln loop of the river, Birmingham, the thou.
sands of dead bodies created such barrage that the
Euphrates changed its course for about a hundred
yards." From Ambassador MorgenthaTs Story.

sands of dead bodies that the
si4 Aassssa:f M a ss s ss
Gould anything be piuly suggesve?the Euphrates
turned in its because its natural passage was BLOCKED
with human souls slain in fit Of passion and flung INTO
the rushing stream by nation that for than quarter Oh
century has tried by murder forced conversion
bgandage and deportation to eXtermnate every Christian
man, woman and child in its midst.
The story of prosecuted Armenia is not only
accentaed in this day by the supreme effort Of the Turk and
his Master the Hun.
In 1866 the Turk murdered approximately 100000 Ar
menans When the story in all its brutal details reached the
world the world mad with rage Gladstone described Abdul
Hamid as "THE GREAT ASSASSIN"
Then just sort of forgot all about it. Periodically
sonaey and Systematically the renewed here
and there.
But the wordwar gave fresh for the Turk to spill his
hate the hated Christians and with the approval Of the
leaders the Huns he determined to finish the job by
larger scale and wider than had before
been undertaken.
This time he began at the of the Armenian eve
will prevent generation of Annenians by killing off all
the males With these of the will be easy handle
the women" he said.
The supreme effort was begun early in 1915 In July of that
year 1000 Armenian young place called Har
poot presumably build roads They built any road
any part a road Hapoot ideal place for murder and
these 1000 and bodies thrown cave
all excepting daring few who escaped The record of this nc
dent of the supreme effort is in the archives your
This supreme resulted in the killing by sword the
bayonet and starvation of exactly million these peoples
who their Christian ancestry back to the fourth century
Weary of the slaughter the active brain of the Young Turk
devised deportation the peediest remedy with rape
murder as special entertainment on the way to exile
1.-THE Syrian desert was selected as the place of exile used
to be fruitful land. 1t is desoate inhabited by
wild tribes of the Bedouin breed.
More than millions of and and little children
driven from homes built by the sweat of their brow
During the deportation period every conceivable crime was
committed on the persons of these helpless peoples.
q Please be patient with us, if we to repeat:
SIN loop of the river, Birmingham, the thousands
dead bodies created such barage that the Euphrates
changed its course for about hundred yards"
We call you to-day for Supreme Charitable Eort-and
in the Name of God and His Charity.
Let us all do very bestand let those who have plenty
support the of the survivors of these horrors with gifts
of generous size.
The sun., 1919-03-07

10000 Italians to Go to France.
ROME, March 6.-Thirty thousand
Italian workmen are to be sent to France
to work in the devastated region, the
idea Rationale announces.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
the reparation shall be adjusted to
Germany's ability to pay it.

faithful to- those households bowed
IN grief. yet lfteA with the feeling
that the lad laid down his life for a
great things ,amcng Other things, in
order that other lads might not have
10 do the same thing
THAT is what the league Of ma
tons is for, to end this war justly;
sHd it Is not merely to serve notice
on governments which would con-
template the same things which Ger
many contemplated. thao they viii
do it at their peril, but also corr
certing the combination of power
which will prove to them that they
will do it at their peril. It is idle
to say the world will combine against
you because it may not, but it is
persuasive to say the world is COM
bned against you and will remain
combined against any who attempt
the same things that you attempted.
League Alone Can
Prevent Recurrence"
"The league Of nations is the only
thing that can prevent the rccur-
renee of this dreadful catastrophe
and redeem our promises. And the
character of the league is based upon
the experience OF this very war.
"I did not meet a single public man
who did not admit these things
that Germany would not have gone
into this war if she had thought Great
Britain was going into it, and that
she most certainly would never have
gone into this war if she had dreamed
America was going into it--and they
have all admitted that a notice be-
forehand that the greatest powers of
the world would combine to prevent
this sort Of thing it would have pre-
vented it absolutely.
"When gentlemen tell you, there
fore, that the league of nations is
intended for some other purpose than
this, merely reply to them, If we do
not do this thing we have neglected
the central covenant that we made to
our people, and there will be no
statesman Of any country who can
thereafter promise his people any al
deviation from the perils of war.
"The passions of this world are
not dead: the rivalries Of this world
have not cooled; they have been rem
dered hotter than ever. The harness
that is to unite nations is more nee
essary now than it ever was before,
and unless there is this sureness of
combined action before wrong is at
tempted, wrong will be attempted
nations can recover from the finan-
cial strees of this war.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
Intended to Prevent
Any Similar Conflict

"And, as I said, this treaty was
not intended merely to end this war;
it was intended TO prevent any SINH
lar war.
81 wonder if some Of the opponents
Of the league OF nations have for
gotten the promises we made our
people before we went to that peace
table. We had taken by processes
of law the flower of our youth from
every countryside, from every house
hold, and we told those mothers and
fathers and sisters and wives and
sweethearts that we were taking
those men to fight war which
would end business of that sort and
if We do not end it, If we do not do
the best that human concert Of action
can do to end it, we are of all men
the most unfaithful--the most un-
faithful to the loving hearts who
suffered in this war; the most un-
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

cause there are more Italians in New
York than in any Italian city.
"But | believe-I hope-that the
Italians in New York City are as glad
to stay there as we are to have them.
! would not have you suppose that
am intimating that my Italian col
leagues entered any claim for New
York City
1--WE, Of all peoples in the world,
my fellow citizens, ought to be able
to understand the questions of this
treaty, and without anybody explain
ing them TO us, for we are made up
Of all the peoples of the world.
dare say that in this audience there
are representatives Of practically all
the peoples dealt with in this treaty.
"You don't have to have me ex
plain national ambitions to you--na-
tional aspirations. You have been
brought up on them; you learned of
them since you were children, and it
is those national aspirations which
we sought to realize, to give an out
let to, in this great treaty.
But we do much more than that.
This treaty contains, among other
things, Magma Charta Of labor-a
thing unheard of until this interest
ing year of grace. There is a whole
section of the treaty devoted to ar
rangement by which the interests
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

insufficiently close neighborhood to
one another.
But it wasn't perfectly clear that
Upper-then High-Silesia wanted TO
be part of Poland. At any rate there
were Germans in High Silesia who
said that it did not, and therefore we
did there what we did in many other
places: We said, Very we'll, then,
we will let the people that live there
decide We will have referendum
within certain length of time after
the war, under the supervision of an
international commission, which will
have sufficient armed force behind
it to preserve order and see that
nobody interferes with the elections.
We will have an absolutely free vote,
and High Silesia shall go either to
Germany or to Poland as the people
in High Silesia prefer.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

Germany, like her colonies, are not
given to anybody. There isn't a
single act of annexation in this
treaty. But territories inhabited by
people not yet able to govern them
selves, either because OF economic or
other circumstances or the stage Of
their development, are put under the
care of powers, who are to be ac-
cepted as trustees, trustees respon-
sible in the forum of the world at the
bar of the league of nations, and
the terms upon which they are to
exercise their trusteeship are out
lined. They are not to use those
people by way of profit and to fight
their wars for them; they are not to
permit any form of slavery among
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

drawn in the Austrian treaty, and
where perhaps there are more lines
Of that sort than in the German
treaty.
"When we came to draw the line
German people, not the line between
Germany and Poland-therc wasn't
any Poland, strictly speaking-the
line between the German people and
the Polish people, there were dis
tricts like the upper part of Silesia,
or rather the eastern part Of Silesia,
which is called Upper Silesia' be-
cause it is mountainous. and the
other part is not. High Silesia is
chiefly Polish, and when we came TO
draw a line to represent Poland it
was necessary to include high ST.
lesia if we were really going to play
fair and make Poland up of the Po-
lish peoples wherever we found them
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
''7reaty Unique Because Centre of 1t
Is Redemption Of Weak Nations >

"Now, look what else is in the
treaty. This treaty is unique in the
history Of mankind because the CEN
ire of it is the redemption of weak
nations. There never was congress
of nations before that considered the
rights of those who could not en-
force their rights. There never was
q congress Of nations before that
did nit seek to effect some balance
of power brought about by means of
serving the strength and interest of
the strongest powers concerned,
whereas this treaty builds up ma
tions that never could have won
their freedom in any other way. 1t
not by obligation; builds them up
because of the conviction of the men
who wrote the treaty that the rights
of people transcend the rights of
governments; because of the con-
victio of the men who wrote that
treaty that the fertile source of
war is wrog; that the Austro- Hun
-garian Empire, for example, was
held together by military force and
consisted of peoples who did not
want to live together; who did not
hoVa fba Cnirif of ,oficno1itu 70
ward 2each other; who were con-
stantly chatting at the bonds that held
them.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
11cn, and even in the terms Of repsra-
don method is devised by which
"Cernaany WIZ Be Pressed to Utmost
Point Of Repaxution She Can Pay

IL am astonished at some Of the
statements / see made about this
treaty, and the truth is that they are
mSde by persons who have not read
the treaty or who, ii they have read
1t. have not comprehended its mean
ing.
There is method Of adjustment
in the treaty by which the vepara-
tion shall not be pressed beyond tho
point which Germany can pay, but
she will be pressed to the utmos,
point that she can pay, which is
Just, which is righteous. It would
be intolerable il there had been any
thing else, for. my fellow citizens.
this treaty is not meant merely to
end this single war. 1t is meant as a
notice to every government. who. in
the future, Will attempt this thing,
that mankind will unite to infict
the same punishment.
~There is no national triumph
81 sought to be recorded in this treaty
There is no glory sought for any
particular nation. The thought Of
the statesmen collected around that
sable was of their people. of the suf-
sferings that they had gone through,
Of the losses they had incurred. that
great throbhing heart which was so
depressed, so forlorn. so sad in every
memory that it had had Of the FIVE
tragical years, my fellow country
men. Let us never forget the pur-
pose. the high purpose, the disin-
terested purpose with which Amer
lea lent its strength. not for it's own
glory, but for the advance of man.
kind.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
INDIANAPOLIS

The special train arrived here at
seven, p. nj. The city was crowded with
persons attending the state fair. They
cheered the President as he drove
through the streets toward the Col
iseum at the state fair grounds with
Governor James P. Goodrich and Mayor
Charles Jewett, Of Indianapolis.
After addressing an audience Of more
than 10000 persons the President and
his party departed shortly after 10
O'Clock for St. Louis.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05
Forced to Defend
The Slavic Peoples

at was a Slavic people, and I had
to say to my Italian friends that
everywhere else in this treaty we
have given territory to the people
who lived on it, and ! do not think
that it is for the advantage Of italy,
and | am sure it is not for the ad-
vantage Of the world, to give Italy
territory where other people live.
felt the force Of the argument for
what they wanted, and it was the old
argument that had always prevailed,
namely, that they needed it from a
military po,NE Of view; and have no
doubt thay e tlere is no league Of
nations they will need it from a mill
tary point os view, but if there is a
league Of nations they will not need
it from military point of view.
''If there is 10 league of nations
the military point of view will pre-
vail in every instance, and peace will
be brought lNto contempt; but if
there - q league Of nations italy
need not fear the fact that the shores
on the othe, side OF the Adria.ic
,ower above here, because there will
be no threatening guns there, and
the nalious OF the world will have
considered not merely to see .hat the
Slavic peoples have their rights, but
that the Italian people have .heir
tighgs Us we'll. would rather have
everybody or my sids than be armed
TO the teeth; and every settlement
that is RIGHT. every settlement lhat
is based upon the principles I have
alluded 20 Is a safe settlement, be-
cause the sympathy Of mankind will
be behind it.
"Some gentlemen have feared
with regard to the league Of ma
tions that we will be obliged to
do things we don't want to do. II
the treaty were wrong that might be
so; but if the treaty is right we will
wish to preserve right. think I
know the heart of this great people
vhexa ! for the time being have the
=. !! 49,
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

rights to the disturbance of the peace
of Europe, and every time an asser-
tion Of rights was attempted they
were suppressed by combined in
huence and force, and this treaty
tears away all that and SAYS these
people have a right to live their own
lives under the governments which
they themselves choose to set up.
That is the American principle, and l
was glad to fight for it and when
strategic conside rations were urged
I said-not l -alone--but it was
matter of common council that stra-
tegic conditions were not in our
thoughts, that we are not now ar
ranging for future wars. but were
giving people what belonged to them.
my fellow citizens, | do not think
there is any man alive who has
more tender sympathy for the great
people of Italy than / have, and
very stern duty was presented to US
when we had to consider some of the
claims Of Italy on the Adriatic be-
cause strategically, from the point
of view of future wars, Italy needed
a military foothold on the other side
of the Adriatic, but her people did
not live there except in little spots
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

them or of enforced labor. They are
to see to 1t tina. there are humane
conditions OF labor with regard no.
only to the women and children, but
the men, too. They are to establish
no fortifications; they are to rcgu-
late the liquor and opium traffic;
they are to see to it, in other words,
that the lives of the people whose
care they assume--not sovereignty
over whom they assume, but whose
care they assume-are kept clean
and safe and holy
There again the principle Of tn.
treaty comes out-that the object Of
the agreement is the welfare of the
New-York tribune., 1919-09-05

Of those who labor with their hands
all over the world-whether they be
men, women or children-are all of
them to be safeguarded. And next
month there is to meet the first as
sembly under this section Of the
league-and, let me tell you, it will
meet whether the treaty be ratified
by that time or not.
There is to meet an assembly
which represents the interests of la
boring men throughout the world,
not their political interests. There
is nothing political about it. 1t is
the interests of men concerning the
conditions Of their labor, concerning
the character of labor which women
shall engage in, the character of
labor which children shall be per-
mitted to engage in; the hours Of
labor and, incidentally, of course, the
remuneration Of labor. The labor
shall be remunerated in proportion,
Of course, to the maintenance of the
standard Of living which is proper
for the man who is expected to give
his whole brain and intelligence and
energy to a particular task.
mo Nation Fortunate
Which Is Not Happy"
81 hear very little said about this
magma charta of labor which is en-
bodied in this treaty 1t forecasts the
day, which ought to have come long
ago, when statesmen will realize that
no nation is fortunate which is not
happy, and that no nation can be
happy whose people are rot con-
tented-content in their industry.
contented in their lives and FORUM
ate in the circumstances of their
lives.
"If | were 10 state that seems to
me to be the central idea of thi.
treaty, it would be this: 1t is al
most discovery in international
conventions-'that nations do not
consist of their government, but con-
sist Of their people,
"That is rudimentary idea; it
seems to us to 60 without saying to
US in America, but, my fellow citi-
zens, it was never the leading idea in
any other international congress
that I ever heard of; that is to say,
any international congress made up
of the representatives of govern
ment.
They were always thinking of ma
tional policy, Of national advantages,
of the rivalries Of trade, of the ad-
vantages of territorial conquest
"There is nothing of that in this
treaty.
Not Single Act of
in Treaty
"You will notice that even the ter
ritories which are taken away from