davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
SENTENCES OF F0RHWERk AND
 DEBS UPHELD
Lower Courts Decree of 10 Years is Sustained.
OPINION OF COURT
 WAS UNANIMOUS
Espionage Law is Not an Interfcr- ence With COnstitutiOnalhy
 of Free Speech.

Washington, March 10.-Convic- tions under the espionage act of Eu- gene V. Debs, socialist leader, and Jacob Frohwerk, a newspaper editor of Kansas City, were sustained today by the supreme court in unanimous opinions delivered by Justice Holmes. i Both men were sentenced by the lower court to ten years imprisonment. While not passing directly upon the case constitutionally of the act, the court in effect did declare valid the so called enlistment section and reaffirmed it's opinion that the es- pionage law is not an interference with the constitutionality of free speech.
 Obstructed Recruiting.
 Debs was convicted on three counts, but the court passed directly on only one of these, that charging him with obstructing recruiting and enlistment at Canton, Ohio, last June. The other two counts charged him with attempt ing incite insubordination and disloy- atty and also with utteripg language intended to provoke and encourage resistance to the United States gov ernment. In arguing the case before the supreme court, however, the gov ernment did not press the last charge.
 Frohwerk's conviction resulted from articles written by him and published in the Missouri Statas Zeitung, critic ising the United States participatiOn in the war;
 Some attorneys interpreted the fail ure of the court to give direct op- inion as to the constitutionality of the espionage act as indicating it's in- tention to pass upon the merits of each individual case considered Lower Court Upheld.
 In affirming Deb's conviction. Jus ticc Holmes reviewed the case in de- tail and held in effect that Debs had been guilty of willful attempt ob- struct recruiting. and that the i''rv had been properly instructed by the lower court. He also said that the government had presented a strong argument from the history of the sta tutes that the instruction was correct and in accordance with established legislative usage and added that the light of this fact, it was unnecessary to discuss the question in detail.
 Regard the Forhwerk case, Jus tice Holmes declared that the first amendment to the constitution. while prohibiting legislation, against free speech as such, was obviously not in- tended to give immunity for every possible use of language.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
REPUBLICANS NAME
 EIGHT CHA|RMEN OF
 HOUSE COMMITTEES
Plan To Investigate War Expenses and Other De-
 partmental Activities.

Washington, March 10.-Chairmen of eight of the house committees ols expenditures of government depart ments, which the Republicans of the next congress plan to use for inves- departmental activities, were select ed today by the Republican committee on committees. They are: War department expenditures, Gra- ham Illinois; Navy department, Has, kell, New York; postoffice, Zihlman, Maryland; justice, White, Maine; treasury, Dale, Vermont: public build ings, Krieder. Pennsylvania; com. merce, Williams, Illinois; agriculture, Baer, North Dakota. Chairmen of three other expenditures committees are yet to be selected.
 The three committees on elections will be headed by Dallinger, M|assa- chusetts; Goodall, Maine, and Dowell, Iowa. Chairmen of several minor committees also were chosen today as follows:
 Accounts, Ireland, Illinois; alcohol ic liquqr. traffic. sssnith. Idaho; labor Smith Michigan; patents, Nolan Calfo{nia; revision of. laws, Little Kans$s; arid lands, Kinkead, Ne braska: reforni in thel civil service Lohltack, New Jersey. flood con- frol, 'Rodemburg, Illinois; coinage weights and measures, Vestal, In diana. s,,
 Numerous assignments to the mi nor committees also were made today after the new members had been chosen for the rules. committee. With the assignment Sof members; to the rules. committee, Q. the Republicans completed select1ons for all the .prih' cipal committees, except that or merchant marine which will consider the policy %of operating the biz flee that America has built during tht war {
 Vacancies .in the membership o the rules committee of the next house were fille6eby the committee on com mittees. Members ,,;s selected were Wason, New.% Hampshire; Kriedei Pennsylvania; Johnson, South Da kota, and Schall, Minnesota. MT Schall is not a newcomer to thu committee, but he held membership as a progressive in the last congress Holdover Republican, members Of thu ! committee are Chairman Campbell C Kansas. Shell of New York, Roden burg of Illinois and Fess of Ohio.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
COURTS MARTIAL SENTENCES MAKE
 FOR BOLSHEv|SM
Senator Chamberlain Says Sentences Are Imposed
 Unjustly.

New York, March 1Q.-Describing certain courts martial sentences in the American army as Wthings that make Bolsheviki of our young men" United States Senator Chamberlain sharply criticised courts martial pro- cedure in an address here today.
 "These sentences are imposed abso- lutely without any system in the ad- ministration of the criminal laws of the land" he said, land are really ina posed at the order of the commanding officer because if the court makes a ruling which is unpopular to the com manding officer, he will order the court reconvened and in some cases is- sue. instructions to it."
 Referring to long sentences which had been imposed for slight infraction of the rules, Senator Chamberlain said that "these boys know that an in justice has been done them and it will not increase their respect for the gov ernment."
 T have found boys IT and 18 not vet mature" he continued, "sent away for long terms in prison, some of them because they were absent without leave-homesick youths who left te say goodbye to their mothers or per. l haps a last word with their sweet hearts. Five days away led one o1 them to sentenced for forty years. Senator Chamberlain severely crit icised what he described as Ameri
 can unpreparedness in the war ant asked whether postwar unprepared ]ness against the menace of radical la
 Dor and Bolshevism was going to b. allowed to continue.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
HbOR MAY REFUSE WAGE DECREASE

s' 'ss'n'!iin1'gton, March 10.-Organized tsn VIII refuse to "share in the re- r;,. or a price readjustment if it's
 IS standards are to be endanger-
 4m! 4ssanx W. Morrison, secretary of Amerlcan .4 Federation of labor said I, ''aMtement Ment tonight.
 |nns Morrlson criticised the decla- 6ni S in made by the federal reserve jts x "a, a recently published review N an '1Srtncoming monthly bulletin \ N tIo;' iactors in production "should s of r ra snare in the general pro. Tba Y, feadjustment."
 koom;o mn board seems to accept the N S tS. error" said Mir. Morrison
 n,;oa me price of commodity and ,ps Ss'ce of labor are identical Where is ths are gre reduced, living standards |ted omS workers are immediately af.
 " ana the home suffers"
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
Continued from page fiv,
NOTICE.

All banks. members of the Pine Bluff Clearing House association, will close Wednesday. March 12th the oc- casion being the annual meeting of group number : of the Arkansas Bankers association.
 Men of national reputation will ad- dress this meeting on various sub- jects of great importance to all bankers. The officers of the local banks desire to make it possible for each officer and employee to attend the business session of the meeting and for that reason. the banks will remain closed during the day.
 PINE BLUFF. CLEARING HOUSE
 ASSOCIATION.
 By H. B. STRANGE, Manager.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
OFFICERS PROBE ~. as.-.l @s.St 4.-ss-. s.-o.-..i |. - S0LD|ERSFiCH
 WITH 'b0bB|ES''
2 American M.. P.'s Were
 Clubbed and Beaten in Scuffle.

London. March 10.-An inquiry was begun today by a board consisting of two American. army officers and one naval officer into the rioting Sunday in which soldiers and sail ors and London police were involved. The inquiry will probably continue for several days.
 and the British army were present in response to an invitation to watch the proceedings, which will be se- cret
 Discussing the investigation, the naval officer said to the Associated Press that if the evidence adduced warranted action, cOurt-martial pro- ceedings would follow. It was likely, he added, that the board would make some recommendations regarding re- lations between the American forces and the police. He pointed out that British colonial soldiers were con cerned in the incident as we'll as Americans.
 It.. is not expected that the affair will affect the future leave of the American soldiers in London.
 American M. P.'s Injured.
 London. Sunday, March 9.-Corpor- al c. R. Zimmerman and Private l. N. Wilson, American military police men, who were injured during the fighting today between London police Iand soldiers and sailors, are resting quietly at a hospital tonight. It is not known how seriously they arc hurt.
 The trouble began when Trimmer man and Wilson demanded that tht civil police turn over to them two American sailors who had been ar rested in the vicinity of Eagle Hut or a charge of playing craps. The argu ment grew bitter and finally the DO licemen drew their batons and SC verely beat both soldiers.
 American, Canadian, Australian and few British soldiers who wer' lounging near protested and follow ! -~>~~-S~~1. ccc~.c.oc>S~,-~~-
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
Consider Taft Plan.

Paris, March 10.-(By the Asso- ciated Press.) .)-The amendments to the draft of the league of nations plan which have been proposed by William Howard Taft are receiving the close study of the various delegations to the peace conference.
 The understanding prevails that the suggestions made by Mir. Taft might be adopted if assurance could be had that the re-opening of the whole sub ject would not be involved and that further amendments would not be of fered by other nations. It is generally admitted in we'll informed circles how ever, that some Frenchand Italian pro. posals are to be expected.
 The ground is being canvassed quiet ly in an effort to secure further in. formation of the points raised by MT Taft anticipatory to the arrival o1 President Wilson, who must render if nal judgement on any American a mendments to the draft.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
AFRICANS
 MANNED FALL ! IF HUN EMPIRE
] navs Allowed for Cap
 ture of Berlin.
In1,D PROCLAIM
 SOVIET REPUBLIC
,.., plans Fall Into Hands of Geoyernment Troops in
 Berlin.

l;n. Saturday, March 8.-(By
 ,sted Press.)-The spartacan
 in the Berlin strike movement
 .dstailed plan for the overthrow
 government within a definite
 rrTiod, it is shown by Spartacan
 captured by the government
 Among these documents was
 shorate plan by the Spartacan
 < staff mapping out the course
 e insurrection and showing that
 nted on a triumphant conclu-
 n five days, the movement to ',ate in the proclamation of a
 republic.
 Plans Complete.
 leaders knew the government
 throw a strong force of troops Berlin but they counted on win pyer various organizations. Their 4 campaign named Alexander
 adjacent to police headquarters rendezvous o fthe strike decla-
 The first days objective was rapture of police headquarters,
 the Spartacan were so confident 4omplishing that they had al-
 printed handbills announcing npture of the headquarters and Election of the government troops Inter announcement anticipating htection of the sailors and the bIcan guards. The second days tves were the imperial palace, Achstag building the the Inter Linden District. The third days hives were the chancellor's palace |Far ministry and the other minis buihings. For the fourth day Ett the capture of the railway LIS and the newspaper district k the fifth day was to complete |apture of the city with a climax laed bv the proclamation of the Atorship of the proletariat.
 Troops Prevented Fall.
 A plan failed because the outside tents proved incorruptible and of fighting qualities.
 e casualties. althouph they had aeen definitely established at this lng, probably will prove greater those of the January revolution. Berlin morgue. to which the ci- ? dead were at first transferred, ne s filled to overflowing Friday otner r,orgues had to be improv- lIer thir loss of the police head sels district, the Soartacans or 'M a new center of resistance in Nftheastern section of Berlin, but 0'Vernmenttroops last evening and were working slowly through alstrlct using artillery and mine sels and now and then dislodging 2. .opponents from the barricades .M .:ner points of resistance.
 .lery fire also was heard oc- ually from the western suburbs, tne Spartacans had attempt .s s!art a new revolt. Some snip a au roof fighting also was report Sm ;.'a various disturbed sections of ed ea.!a tne n radicals, however, admit . uay that the revolt and the &C., s s"s'ng strike were doomed to
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
|"aN n PLANS TO
 1EoPEN SHIPYARDs

|ners |; wash, March 1O.-Shipyard been ,n oeattel. Tacoma and Alp eain, psepared ~ today for the re- klar ~ their yards tomorrow fol- |o havo voting of the workers Rl weasn oeen on strike for sey- hditionaas to return to work under
 out preailing when they walk
 ha ssrs ass estimated that in. Ia ka hstu u l., seattle s1O,s5O,0oo have
 ping ths os s..'.i the workers in wages
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11

London, March 10.-(British Wire less Service).-"We have reached the turning point of the conference" say the Paris correspondent of the Daily News. "Not even when the Germans have come, will there be a weekend more important that the past one The preparatory work is nearly fin ished and the preliminary convention of peace will be ready in few days.
 By the time President Wilson reaches Paris the naval and military conditions will have been settled
 Ut is an open secret that Premier Lloyd George considers disarmament the touch stone of conference success and that his insistence an disarma. ment for Germany is merely the first step in general policy of pacifica. tion intended to lead to disarmament in all countries"
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
TO DISCIPLINE STRIKERS.

Washington, March 10.-Spanish workers on strike will be mobilized by the government, organized as public service units and sent back to work under military discipline. according to official dispatches to- day from Madrid.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
MILLS WILL OPEN.

Fanriver, Mass, March 10.-Six of hte seven print cloth mills of the Fall River Iron Works company, which have been shut down for several weeks, will resume operations We'd nesday, it was announced today. They will run three days week.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
Adopt Military Report.

Paris, March 1O.-The supreme council at it's meeting today decided that the representatives on the econo- mic and financial commissions of the powers with special interests, who have been the cause of much discus sion should be designated by the great powers. The council then adopted the (Contlnued on page five)
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
TURNING POINT OF PEACE CONFERENCE
 HAS BEEN REACHED
Disarmament of Germany To Be Followed By All
 Countries.
ADOPT TERMS.

4 Paris, March 1O.-(By the As
 X sociated Press .)-The supreme + war council today finally adopted
 + the military terms of German + disarmament. These provided
 + for an army of 100000 men en- 's listed for twelve years.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11

NORRIS EXQUISITE CANDIES Fresh by express Pines Drug Store.
 Phone 323. We deliver. 2-16-1m
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11
THE WEATHER

t ARKANSAS Tuesday fair, + warmer m Northwest portion; : Wednesday far, warmer,
 f. , + + f. + F + + # + f. + + +
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11

.,., YOU miss an is, 4 |Ihsnssssea, ssa Graphic, call IA < # Cd z nDs a' n., and your paper, pI'a, ss # 9des a, aa,siIiy,ered IH, by special * E-..nr |
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1919-03-11

(Contlnued on page fivel
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1919-02-15
SWElTZER PLEDGES
BETTER TRANS
PORTATlON

Robert NJ. Sweitzer, Democratic
candidate for mayor, in a speech be-
fore the Chicago Lawyers associa.
ton ut the Morrison hotel made the
definite and unqualified promise that
his election for mayor would mean
the Improvement of the Transports
ton service In the city within ten
days. He outlined the plans he in
tended to inaugurate on the day he
took Office to bring about this imme.
date betterment of the service.
Mr.. Sweitzers speech in part fol.
lows:
you ask me why | believe In the
Chicago spirit. | answer have seen
II demonstrated. and demonstrated
within the last two years. have
seen the city of my birth arouse from
lethargy at the call of nation.
Who that has seen these things
can doubt that the old Chicago spirit
exists and all that It is needed to
bring 1t forth is incentive and leader
ship.
"All the things which / have men
toned were brought about without
the leadership to which the city was
entitled. There was no encourage
ment to the city from its executive
in fact, there was encouragement
There was no help offered from the
mayors Office to the citizens who were
displaying the old Chicago spirit
only criticism and interference. Chi
cago proved her greatness in spite
of its city administration, not because
of It.
What, then, can we expect from
the city when there is in the mayors
chair man who will encourage the
Chicago spirit instead of discouraginl
it?"
Taking up the traction question, Mr.
Sweit2er said he did rot intend &c
promise miracles, Then he added:
Il do say that ] will better the
transportation service while an
seeking my solution, Not in my
first year in office, not in my
first six months in Office, not even II
my first month in Office, but In my
first ten days in office. I mabe that
promise because | know the provi
sions now in the traction ordinances
that call for better service, because
] know that those provisions can bt
enforced by a mayor who has the
will to enforce them, and because
know that the provisions are not be
ing enforced and that the service car
be improved immeasurably."
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1919-02-15
. '.'
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY is, 1919.
INSULT WILL WIN PUBLIC.

Samuel insult, chairman of the
board of directors of the Peoples Gas
Light and Coke company. declared at
the annual meeting of the stock.
holders that he would put the COM
pany back into the public's good
graces.
Mr.. Insult told of the success he
has had In keeping the Common.
wealth Edison company in good re.
pute with the public. He said for the
last quarter of a century the electric
light and power company has had no
trouble with the public, and he pre-,
dicted that the gas company would be
on the same footing in time.
I'VE are doing the best we can to
separate the gas company from pol
itics," Mr.. insult said. THE various
candidates have made a political foot
ball OF the company. They don't dis
cuss costs and other matters Of in
terest 10 the investor"
Mr.. insult pointed out that the com
pany had many troubles last year
He said for the first eight months 4
had deficit of $1,502.21S. He sale
the net earnings for the balance Of
the year were $1O0,s27. II the same
rate is kept up this year, he declared
there would be a 10 per cent profit,
Mr.. insult scored the employees who
by improper meter reading and book
keeping errors got the company into
bad standing with the public. liz
thanked the employees who dealt fair
ly with the public.
The state public utilities commits
sion today will start to hear argu
ments for and against allowing ga
rates TO be increased in forty.twC
Chicago suburbs.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1919-02-15
GEO. B. HOLMES
FOR JUDGE
Popular and Able Lawyer,
Strongest and Best Man in
Field for Municipal Court
Judge.

The republicans will undoubtedly
nominate George b. Holmes for Mu.
nicipal court Judge, as he is the best
equipped man in the race.
George b. Holmes is an able law.
yer, respected by bench, bar and
public. He should be elected Judge of
the Municipal court at the April cleo.
ton, and he deserves the votes of
men of all parties on account Of his
fitness for the position.
To show his standing with bis fel.
low lawyers, Il is only necessary to
call attention to the fact that he was
endorsed by the Chicago Bar Asso-
citation in the last Bar primary, when
he was placed eighth in q list of
| thirty-six in the ballots cast.
Mr.. Holmes is very popular with
all who knows him. He Is affiliated
with a number of organizations, in
Guiding the South End Business Mems
Association. Society Santiago de
Cuba, Sons of American Revolution,
Thirty-Second Degree Mason, Fern.
wood Lodge, No. 23S, |. o. o. f., Coun.
ell y. IT,, No. 313, United States Re-
volver Association, Illinois State Rifle
Association and is Past Division Com.
mander Illinois Division, Sons of Vet
| Grams.
Mr. Holmes war record April 20,
| 1898, to November II, 1898, in the
trenches, siege and capture Of Santi.
| ago de Cuba sergeant Co. II, LIST ILL
| nois Volunteer Infantry; wears two
\ war department medals; in recent
Mexican trouble, on staff of adjt. gen.
eral; joined Illinois National Guards
on September l, 1890 as q private in
lst Regiment Infantry, and was pro.
NOTED to corporal sergeant lieutenant,
and served on Major Abel Davis staff
for Ave years.
Judge John r. Caverly gives gen
eral satisfaction to the public in the
Municipal Court and grows more
popular every day.
.~64A
Thomas ]. Webb Coffee sold in
cans at 80 cents per pound, Is the
housewives standard for excellent
quality. It is the coffee that is popu.
lar with everybody who has ever used
it.-Adv.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1919-02-15
CAREY'S PLATFORM

Thomas Carey, one of the Demo.
cratic aspirants for the mayoralty,
issued his platform. There are eight
cen planks, as follows:
Condemnation OF the gas plant and
operation of a municipal plant, the
same as the water system.
Immediate start on the construc.
ton OF a thirty-fiye mile subway, to
be owned and operated by the city,
and built by the city traction funds
now available.
Acquisition by the city OF the sani.
tary district water power and devel.
opment of the power at Brandon s
bridge, south Of Joliet, the power to
be used in operating the subway and
other city owned plants.
Consolidation of the overlapping
governmental and taxing bodies.
Recognition OF women in the may
or's cabinet.
Repeal of the state utilities law.
Personal liberty consistent with the
rights of all--clean sports,
Condemnation and taking over Ds
the city of any utility that is no
playing square with the people.
Good wages for all city employees
Suppression throughout the city
of haunts OF felons and places where
crime Is begotten and the driving GU
OF Chicago OF the criminal classes,
Repeal of the parole law, Psyche
pathists and sentimentalists are max
ing a farce out of our criminal laws.
Speedy execution of the public
works program along the lines Of th,
Chicago plan commission.
To make Chicago the inter-oceani
city by pushing the st, Lawrence
waterway project on one end and tn,
lakes to the gulf link on the other.
A business administration.
Pledge that II elected no time viii
be devoted to building up a politica
machine.
An open door to the mayors offic'
at all hours OF all working days II
the year
II elected stands pledged not to usr
the mayors Office to seek some othe
Office.
Same policy of Cancellation be
tween labor and capital he mas useC
In his private business.