davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Georgians Hindering
Operations Against
BOlsheUiki in Caucasus

PARIS, April ia dreary picture
Of conditions in the Caucasus is drawn
in reports made by the American food
administration agents at Batum and at
Novorossiysk to the Paris headquarters
The Georgian government is described
as irresponsible and probably tempo
rary, but the Georgian army is pressing
north and attacking the Kuban Cos
sacks in efforts to extend the Georgian
boundaries, thus making the situation
more difficult for the Don Cossacks and
the Kuban Cossacks, who are operating
against the Bolsheviki on the north
with limited forces. A British warship
at Novorossiysk is stabilizing the situa-
tion there
Both the Denikine government at
Eketerinodar and the Don Cossack gov
ernment at Rosiov are described as
weak and the situation as so chaotic
generally that there is danger the Boil
sheviki, with the ending Of winter and
the improvement Of the roads, will
oyerrun the entire territory.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14

remained two days ia petreprad
which is now somi-deserted city.
Streotears were running there be-
cause of waterpower which the Bol.
sheviki have developed.
All Walk i'm Moscow
But on arriving at Moscow they
found few conveyances. Streetcars
were not running because of lack
Of fuel. People crowded the streets,
mostly walking. The average citi-
zen in these cities obtains but one
meal daily, therefore the American
mail bags were a godsend, and in
stead of being entertained by the
Bolsheviki the latter were guests of
the Americans. Steffens met two
American doughboy prisoners on
the streets, who stated that they
were permitted to leave prison
nightly and attend theatres, but
were required to return by morning
when the days work began.
Steffens, like Bullitt, advocates
making peace with the Bolsheviki,
srguing that they are the de facto
government. By accepting their
terms the Allies, he says, will re-
move the Bolshevik political pres
sure from Central Europe, where
the Bolshevik menace threatens the
successful consummation of peace.
Charles r. Crane, likewise a sup.
porter of President Wilson, who
now is in Paris, takes a somewhat
contrary view, but Steffens con-
tends the great changes in Euro
pean conditions which have taken
place in the last year make the
only practical policy cessation of
hostilities against the Bolsheviki
He says Lenine does not desire
recognition. but merely asks the
right to buy food in the open mar
llet with the gold the Bolsheviki
possess, in return for which he of
fers to cease the campaign against |
What he calls the bourgeois govern
ments and propaganda in the states
bordering on Russia.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Loneliness and ''Rcd''
Agitdfors Blamed for
u. s. Forces Rev0lt

Lieutenant William H. Dudley, of the
Red Cross commission to Russia, who
left Archangel February "a, told yes
terday some of the reasons behind the
refusal of company of American
troops to go to the front in that dis
trict Lieutenant Dudley formerly was
secretary to Governor Goldsborough Of
Maryland.
The Americans were outnumbered
fifteen to one, he declared; thty were
fighting a country whose inhabitants
they could not trust and Russian
troops sent to their support were use
less. Many Of the Americans, he said,
had near relatives in Russia, some of
them in that very district. They were
embarrassed both officers and men, by
published reports that they were to be
withdrawn in June and that the United
States might treat with the Bolshevik
and they were deluged with astutc Boil
shevist propaganda.
Lieutenant Dudley had a copy of the
Call" a foreign made PROPAGANDA
publication which he believes to be the
one referred to by General March as
the most potent source of evil. "When
you can break from discipline" said
one article nthe paper, ARREST the
officers who are driving you to this
criminal invasion and shoot them if
they resist, you can do this without
tear OF helping the Kaiser. The world
war is drawing to a quick end and the
great world revolution begins"
The positions occupied by American
forces, Lieutenant Dudley said, radi-
ated from Archangel like spokes from
a hub and the posts were ten or twen-
ty miles apart. Some were held by
two or three American soldiers.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14

thought was guarantee to defend any
government against revolutions or
other violent changes in the form of
its government by its own people.
Those of the leagues critics among
the Senators in Washington professed
satisfaction to-day over the changes,
which they feel Senatorial and editorial
criticism has brought about.
Senator Hitchcock of Nebraska, re-
firing chairman of the Senate Foreign
Relations Committee, declared tonight
that the changes would remove virtu-
ally all objections to the covenant. He
predicted that the peace treaty contain
ing the league covenant would be rat
fed by the Senate.
Whether the new form of the league
constitution could get the necessary two
thirds ratification vote in the Senate is
still too early to be forecast.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Victory for Critics
of League Seen in
Amended Covenant
Senator's Say Objections to
Original Draft Are Met
by Changes Announced in
Summary of the Text

WASHINGTON, April 13.-A victory
Tor Senators who criticised the league
OF nations constitution and CHALLENGED
President Wilson's contention that the
constitution could not be amended is
seen here to-day in the summary de-
scrlbing the amended text given out
at Paris Yesterday
Some of the important amendments
adopted, which meet some OF the oh
Jectlons to the original draft by Sem
ators, are;
/ The Monroe Doctrine is spe-
cifcally recognized by name as
one of the regional understanding"
which the league is not to interfere
with.
p An honorable method for nation
to withdraw from the league is
written into the text, any nation now
being permitted to withdraw, if it has
fulfilled its obligations, on two years
notice.
z Each nation is left to determine
for itself whether its armed forces
shall be used against any particular
nation.
4 Vital decisions must be unani-
NOUS, which means tnat verdict
on a dispute in which the Jfni+ed
states is involved cannot be reached
without the consent of the United
States.
= Assuming the obligation of a man
datary is left optional with each
e. The instrument now only guaran-
tees, that the league shall protect
its members from ''foreign aggresS
SONS thereby removing what many
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
$95, 900. 600 Spent in March
To Feed Hungry in Europe

PARIS, April 13.-lIerbcrt Hoover
Director General of Relief, has issued
review of the measures carried ont
by the United States, Great Britain,
France and Italy during March through
coordination Of the Supreme Economic
Council. The total value of supplies
distributed in the month was approx
mately S95,000,O0O, of which all but
about S2.500,0O0, was furnished on a
basis of deferred payment.
The supplies amounted to 3Ss.o41
tons, divided as follows: Cereals.
316,243; rice, 1862; peas and beans,
So53; fats and meats, 34,176; con-
densed milk, 4,122; clothing, 4483
miscellaneous, S,322.
Poland received 51,745 tons Of sun
pines under the terms Of the armistice
arrangements for shipment throuch
Danzig, says Mr.. Hoover. havinr nrn-
ceeded with great smoothness and dc
patch; as high as $500 tons g dav bv
rall from Danzig to Warsaw having
been transported. All sections threat,
ehed with critical famine conditions
nave received relief
Straw Bread Superseded
Finland during the month received
Zo,544 tons of supplies. About 10
700 tons of these supplies were fur
hlsneu under replacement agreements
with northern neutras. Distribution
is gradually speeding into the outlyinr
points, and the straw bread formerlv
IN use is rapidly disappearing. Some
dlhcultles have been met with from
ice and mines, one ship having been
lost and another badly crushed.
Northern France-The prorressivo
resumption Of the revctualing of the
occupied regions by the French Food
Mlhlstry,, says Mr.. Hoover has made
II possible gradually to withdraw
measures which have been continuous
1or more than four and one-half wears
ana such withdrawal should be com
pete by May 1. During March a total
OF 6,9O6 tons of foodstuffs and clothino
was sent into the devastated areas.
Germany-On March 25 foodstuffs
actually were delivered inside German
terrltory, consisting of 6,787 tons of
breadstufs and 740 tons of fats The
aVailable supplies from headouarters.
IL is stated, should permit the import
inIo germany of approximately 100000
metre tons during April
Baltic States Preliminary measures
tor the establishment of regular sup
plies to the coastal areas in the Baltic |
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Reds Not to Aid
In Relief Plans
Narlsen VIII Not AIlo,u
Lenine to Make Capital
OF Distribution OF Food
Ne1c York T~ibnne
Special Cable Ser1-ice

Copyright 1919 New York Tribune Inc)
PARIS, April 13-Fridtjof Nansen,
selected by Herbert Hoover to carry
TO The Tribune correspondent to-day
hat his project is not political, but
purely humanitarian.
I'VE want to enter Russia with food,
in order to help the perishing Rus
sian people. The distribution must be
entirely in the hands of neutral com
mission. The Soviet government must
not have any authority except in so
Tar as the neutral commission finds it
practicable and safe. We know that
the Soviet government uses the dis
tribution of food as a weapon against
It's enemies, and it cannot be trusted
eve desire to repeat in Russia on a
large scale the experiment in Belgium
and Northern France. If the Bolshe-
Wiki refuse our offer they will clearly
indicate that they place political aims
above humanitarian principles. We
must provide for the financing Of this
relief and for its payment by some
future stable Russian government.
We will merely help solve Russia's
most important problems-transport
lion and food. Thousands of people
al dying in Russia daily. and the onlv
lay to save millions more from exit C
len is for some one to enter with
needed supplies"
Russian diplomats are skeptical as
% the ability of any organization to
effect the necessary distribution. While
It is realized that something must be
done' it is felt that any measures
mich tend to strengthen the Soviet
segime will merely prolong Russia's
agony, provide temporary relief only
and will increase the economic deficit
already growing by leaps and bounds.
y IS insisted that the Soviet gov
ernment cannot be trusted to fulfil anv
promises A Russian statesman said:
suppose trainload of food from
fetrograd to Moscow is connscated in
iver. The Moscow government NAV
protest and even punish those who
appropriated the food, but such thinos
VIII continue. In the end most of the
1000 Will reach the army only, and the
original object will be defeated. No
commission without it's own troor.
can possibly guarantee proper djstri.
button" fF- N'''i'-
Asks Help From Allies
Boris Savinkoff, the famous Social
hevoiutlonary and now plenipotentiarv
0i ...n ane Omsk government here, said:
me war against the Bolshevik daa-
potism is conducted by patriotic pna
sian elements and will not end rnt;1
one On, side or the other is victorious
The Allies invited the anti -gojshey;L;; . .yI;
a1ecr the Brest-Litovsk treason was
perpetrated, to fight to the end against
me Germans and their friends tho
poisheWki. We conducted this STRUGGLE
1ufing the war and we will continne
or we cannot and shall not lay down
our arms until the Bolshevik tyranny
- oVertnrown and the Russian people
are able TO express their free will az
&c tne organization Of the country.
We Will welcome Nansen's plan for
renewing Petrograd, which soon wiz
D. 80 wregted from the Bolsheyiki
Inc armies Of the Omgk government
stand west Of Oufsa and are adyancinv
Petlura and his Ukrainsan anti-noishe-
nx forces are approaching Kiev. We
oeheye 'hat only with the defeat Of
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14

states, says the review, have been un-
dertaken, and 2,153 metric tons of
during the month.
Czecho- Slovakia has received 26,2SO
tons of breadstuffs. The distribution in
tins territory was less during the month
than had been hoped for, owing to
dlfficulties of railway transportation
from the Adriatic. In order to secure
regularity of supplies arrangements
have been made for shipment through
hamburg, by way Of the Elbc, into
| Bohemia
Situation in Vienna Bad
German Austria-The total deliveries
from Allied sources during March were
3S,l56 metric tons. Supplies amount
ing to about 10000 tons also were
made under replacement arrangement
1rom nelghborlng countries The stu
alton at Vienna, says Mr.. Hoover, is
extremely bad, and measures have been
taken to increase the arrivals TO 1000
metric tons day if transportation per-
mits.
Greater Serbia-The relief Of the en-
and Serbia is conducted as q single
unit The total distribution in this
territory amounted to $500 metric
tons. Surplus supplies existing in the
Banat and the northern countries OF
Jugo- -Slavia have enabled relief of the
interior sections of this area without
heavy shipment far inland.
Rumania-The total deliveries for
the month were 25,067 metric tons of
broadstuffs Owing to ice in the Dan
ube and the reduction in railway roll
ing stock, adequate distribution inland
was rendered impossible.
Turkey: FOodstuffs to the amount of
2,298 tons we're distributed during the
month in Constantinople. The mill
tary authorities are making further
distributions inland.
Three Ships for Armenia
Armenia: The relief administration
supplied to Armenia 6,25l tons of
breadstuffs and condensed milk. In
addition, three shiploads of food,
clothing and medical supplies have
been delivered for the relief commits
sion.
Mr.. Hoover in his review deals with
the important question of child feed
ing, saying:
"In order to cope with the very large
Of malnutrition in the liberated
areas plans are under way involving
medical examination of the children of
the poor and provision for regular and
systematic feeding from special can
teens. These measures will involve the
direct care of between 100000 and |
| ,000,0 900 children"
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
'aris E&estive
Under Silence
OF Clerne1lceal1
Failure of the Premier to
Promise to Tell Peace
Terms to Deputies Gives
Impetus to Opposition
Ne1o Yori; Tribune


Special Cable Ser1ice
Copyright. 1919, New York Tribune Inc)
PARIS, April 12.-Premier Clemen-
ceau's failure hitherto TO promise to
make statement to the Chamber of
Deputies in regard to peace terms has
brought the opposition to his govern
ment to a head. The committee on the
budget and on foreign affairs, having
vainly cssayed to hold the confidence of
the deputies, are now being met with a
growing agitation among the various
adverse groups and many newspapers
hitherto strongly pro government, man
ifest tendency to criticisc severely.
The country has no legal means of
showing whether it approves of the
policy of its chief. - matter of fact
this question is of mucn less i'm
portance for Americans than for the
French, because the American Senate
could reject a treaty of peace signed
by Mr.. Wilson without incurring vital
danger for the United States.
Whatever ideas may BE urged, or
even imposed, at Paris. by their Presi-
dent, even the Unofficial "Temps" as
scrts, the Americans undcmocratically
and nconstitutionally elected repre-
sentatives at the peace conference do
not exercise control in Franco over
peace affecting the future at home and
abroad. The newspaper adds:
''ln the United States the problem is
quite different The old Congress, in
which the Wilson partisans had ma
;ority, ceased to exist March 4. The
new Congress, in which the government
party is in the minority in both
houses, has not yet been convokcd by
the President. Therefore, they are
completely free. They haven't the
feeling our budget commission ex
presses that it would not feel justified
in rejecting the treaty as a whole. and
consequently will be faced by fnit ac
compli.
This places President Wilson in a
peculiar situation, of which it natural
y, does not become us to discuss the
advantages and inconveniences."
"L'Ocuvre," the steady opponent of
Clemenceau, declares the ewes of tho
Chamber of Deputies are turned to-
ward BRAND, Viviani and Rarthou
daily expecting they will take the lcad
in opposition.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Peace Trainers Agree
On Sovereignty of Air
Conference Committee Estab-
fishes Forty-one Rules for
Aerial NAVIGATION

PARIS, April 13.-Thc proposed con-
Vention regarding international aerial
navigation has been completed by the
judicial and military sub-committecs
OF the aeronautical commission OF the
peace conference, on which Brigadier-
General benjamin d. Fouois, Major
Pollock and Captain Bacon renrcsent
the United States.
The convention is composed Of fortv-
one articles, which establish an inter
.a''onal ,h agreement on sovereignty of
INC arr provide for the concession of
.IomehSi7c VoyaRea between the con-
ddiao''ng do states and deal with forbid
routes. '"'
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Site of League Capitol
Is Selected bv Swiss

GENEVA, April l3.~~At special
meeting Of the State Council yesterday
1t was rcDorted that magnificent site
on tho shore Of Lake Geneva and fac.
ing Mont Blanc had been Chosen for
the building which will in future be the
capitol Of the league Of nations. The
people Of the city are rejoicing over
the decision Of the commission on the
League Of nations at Paris, flags being
n"istsd over buildings and parades be-.
ing held. The decision has greatly
enhanced the popularity Of President
public.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
3O7.9O Casualties in
Australia's 100000

MELBOURNE, Australia, April 1s.
-Australias total casualties
during the war, with the figures
brought up to February of this
year, -totalled 1900, according to
q statement made public to-day by
the government of the common
wealth. The total forces of Aus
traia, raised by voluntary enlist
ment, numbered 100000 out of 4
total population of less than 5,000,-
900. The casualties are divided as
follows:
Dead, 5s,o35; missing, 1893; pris-
oners, 438; wounded, 66,606; sick,
S2,409; unspecitied, 219.
those who sold Russia TO Germany can
the agony of the Russian people end"
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
Soviet Government
Is Sought in Saxonv
General Strike Called in Coal
District; Military Advance
Into Brunswick Ordered

WEIMAR, April 12 (By The Asso-
clated Press).--It is considered prob
able that Saxony will be the next sec
ton OF Germany to proclaim n soviet
government The Independents are
known to be planning such move.
though parliamentary circles do not
blleve that the danger is acute.
A general strike has been called in
the coal sections of Zwickau and
Lugau. '''
BERLIN. April 13.-Thc German
General Merker has been ordered to
advance into Brunswick to secure safe =
ty Of communication.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
President Drops York to
Drire With Mrs. WiIsou

PARIS, April 13.-During the early
hours of to-day. President Wilson re-
mained at home, but later went driving
with Mrs. Wilson. The bright sun
shine after rain in the forenoon had
filled the streets with Parisians.
Little trace of the Presidents re-
cent illness remains, but the large
amount Of work of the last week
fatigued him so much that he declare d
he would do absolutely no work o-day.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
So Are Killed
I'm Two Days In
fggyl yl'tiann Riots
Com1ntIniquc From Cairo
Tells Of Many Clashes;
Mobs Attack Armenians:
20 Slain i'm Alexandria

CAIRO, Egypt, April 13.-In two days
of rioting here, ending at noon on
Thursday, thirty-eight persons were
killed and 100 wounded it is an
nounced in to-day's Official com
munique. Armenians were chiefly the
objects of the mob's attacks. and seven
of those killed were of that nationality.
In rioting in Alexandria three per-
sons were killed and six seriously in
jured Saturday morning, while a con-
tinuation of attacks on the troops re-
suited in the killing of seevnteen other
persons during the afternoon. The
text of the statement adds:
The mob, armed with knives and
hatch Its, made attacks largely direct
ed at Armenians. Military measures
were enforced and the night passed
off quietly.
Twenty Killed in Alexandria
Disturbances occurred in Alexandria
yesterday. There was a collision in the
morning between troops and rioters in
the Karmus quarter in which three
were killed and six wounded seriously.
"In an Armenian disturbance in the
afternoon the mob persistcntly attack
ed the troops, who were obliged to
fire, killing seventeen, including a
of the ringlcaders, and wound
ing number of others The public
are warned to be in their homes by s
o'clock in the evening
give British soldiers, including two
Indian, were murdered on
Wednesday. The troops were greatly
affected. but showed admirable pa
tcncc On Wednesday night the Kasr-
cl-Ain Hospital (Cairo) reported re-
ceiving twenty-five killed and forty
seven wounded civilians large pro
portion of these casualties was due
to mob outragcs.
Murder and Looting Checked
"Disorderly crowds composed Of the
worst elements began operations in
the quarters from which the military
patrols had been withdrawn at the re-
quest of the civil authorities. Thev
and carried out looting oper-
atIons upon small shops until the
troops checked the exccsscs. The riot
crs systematically canvassed the houses
for Armenians, as was done in the
massacres at Constantinople, and held
up pedestrians, forcing them to prove
their identity. The terror-strickcn
Armcnians took refuge in the Cairo
suburb of Heliopolis, which is almost
entirely European, whereupon the
local policemen and watchmcn aban-
doned their posts, apparently shirking
"Thc Egyptian Ministry (newly
formed on April 81 has not vet for
mally met
LONDON. April 13.-A Reuter- dis
patch from Cairo, dated April II. states
that many Armenans were mcssacred
during the rioting on Wednesday and
Thursday. 1t is said that $500 Armen-
ians were collected there on Friday
night and lodged in various buildings
under military protection.
New-York tribune., 1919-04-14
British Premier TO Report
TO Parliament on Status
Of Peace Negotiations:
Balfo.ur i'll His Place
End Of ParIeys Discussed
Wiison VIII Issue Statement
To-day Clemenceau Says
Frances Claims Are Met

lARIS. April 13 (By The Asso-
ciatcd Press Quite unexpectedly a
meeting Of the Council of Four was
held this evening, with President Will
son in attendance. The call for the
meeting resulted from Premier Lloyd
Georges determination to return to
London tomorrow.
The British Premier Will remain in
his home country for week and
because Of his lengthy absence from
Paris he and his colleagues decided
to request a final meeting to-day for
the purpose of closing certain phases
of the discussion which the Premier
considered best Tor him to attend to
personally, instead of leaving the
task to Arthur ]. Salfour, his sub
sttute in the council.
Final Stage Reached
The peace treaty and the league of
nations have undoubtedly reached the
final stage of negotiations, but it is
not yet clear that they are out of trou-
bled waters, as both must pass the
ordeal of plenary session of the
peace conference and then go before
the Versailles congress, where enemy
powers will be represented.
The Council of Four is understood
to have fixed for the peace congress
tentative dates between April 26 and
May 5, but no announcement has been
made as to details, SO Premier Lloyd
George may have something to dis
close when he addresses the British
Parliament next Wednesday,
The progress which has been real
lied will permit Mr.. Wilson to partic
ipatc in the Congress at Versailles
when German potentiaries take
part, it is said. The assembling of the
Congress will require an entirely new
organization, including a presiding Of
hcer and other officials.
The Council of Four yeste rday dis
posed of virtually all the remaining de-
tails relative to the Saar Valley and
the reparations settlement, so the
Rhine frontier is the chief obstacle re-
naming. 1t is expected this will be
the main subject before the Council
during the coming week.
No statement was given out. but it
was announced this evening that Prasi-
dent Wilson will issue one tomorrow,
presumably referring to what the
Council of Four has accomplished and
to the general situation to date.
The Italian and Jugo Slav questions
will come before the council to-mor-
row, Arthur J. Balfour sitting in place
of Mr.. Lloyd George.