davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
WHAT IS. PROFIT?

PROFIT lis commonly taken to be
the difference between cost ana sell
ing nrice Out of this difference.
however, must come the expenses OF
running ,he store Profit, therefore,
mus, be considered as of two kinds.
gross and net.
Since these terms are art 10 he
confusing, suppose we use The term
mark nm TO mean the whole dlffer-
ence between cost and selling price,
and the term profit 10 mean only
what is LETT OF MAKEUP after the
expenses of doing business nave
been deducted.
ss0 200 that have cost $4,000. his
makeup is $4,000. II his expenses
are $4,000, he has left proht OF
$4,000.
Now. lust word about these
figures az expressed i'll percentages.
They may be stated in either OF two
ways, both OF which are correct. Ii
we use thea cost OF goods, S3a,eoe, as
the basis. our mark-up OF 5000 Is
42.S-7 per cent; our expense OF
$4,000 is IS At per cent, and our
profit OF SIS, 000 is Ia 81 per cent. IL.
however, we use the total sale OF
goods. $4,000, as the basis, our
makeup OF $4,000 is 80 per cent
our expense OF $4,000 is 20 per cent,
and our profit of $4,000 is 10 per
cent. While either of these sets
OF percentage is correct il would
be wrong to mix the two, For ex-
ample suppose a grocer should hgure
on a basis of this past years sales
that his cost OF doing business was
20 per cent and his profit 10 per
cent, making a 80 per cent mark
up necessary to maintain the same
rate During, the year he invests
SS5. 900 in new goods and marks
them only 80 per cent of $4,000, or
q MAKEUP of $l5.50o. He would
find at the end of the year that. after
paying expenses of $4,000. instead
Of 5000 profit, only $500 would be
left.
Thirty per cent MAKEUP, based
on the selling price OF $4,000. equals
426-7 per cent. based on the cost
Of s35. 900.
Undoubtedly some retailers have
erred in marking up goods, be-
cause OF confusion OF the
two bases on which percentage may
be figured. but 1t is not likely that
there are many today who would
make such mistake The grocer's
real problem, instead of figuring
how much to mark up his goods. Is
generally OF squeeze out a respectable
profit between what the goods cost
him and the selling price which Ia
largely fixed by ,competiti0n. And
that, we must admit, is some size
able problem in these days OF sharp
competition and rising costs
In solving this problem. the first
essential IL for the grocer to know
mot to guess-what his mark-up
expense and pront are. And he
should know these At least each
month or. better still, each week.
There u hardly q merchant whose
ousiness IL too small 10 affcrd 4, t10
~ Neok girl. even II abe does nothing
apt kesp him posted wsal J. ~,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06

dehyde and 1t has been proven that to
use It hot will give much quicker and
better results than to use 1t cold. The
same principle applies to scrubbing. II
Is not dificult to tell how strong to
make the solution In hot water. Make
it just AZ strong as you can stand the
odor. It can be applied with an or,
binary scrubbing brush around refrig.
orators and sinks and In cellars and
dark passages It may be applied with
an ordinary spray gun.
The matter of health and sanitation
is one of the leading subjects being
taught by the home decorating agents
In every county.
Boys and girls clubs and schools are
learning the modern practice Of abso-
lutte cleanliness. No house cleaning
should begin without a supply Of for
maldehyde.
Where there has been sickness, the
room should be fumigated with . for
maldehyde candle and then thoroughly
aired ont and sunshine admitted. II
NJ 1h1nL
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
SUBTLE PROPAGANDA USED
HOMER To CONCEAL ITS
GERMAN-CONCE|VED INTENT

More than once when the professor
detective had solved peculiarly
knotty' code--tffa most subtle always
were the most simple In surface APP
pearapce-he would forward the letter
containing 1t with Harmless STAN ped
nthe envelope. The German agent in
England, hearing in course of time
through his subterranean channels
that his letter had reached It's destina-
ton. and believing ne had fooled the
authorities with his code. would pro-
coed boldly to forward really vital in
formation. Then the cool young pro-
lessor in Portugal street weuld call IN
Scotland Yard and the fate of the code
writer would be definitely cast for the
Tower and possibl ythe firing squad.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
House CIeQninG
National Crop improvement service.l

tNaLonaA crop improvement Service1
HERE Is a peculiar musty odor
to many ho6ses which through
long habit Is imperceptible to
the family which lives there.
In spite Of all the scrubbing that
you can DO, the floors and base boards,
especially around the kitchen and
bath, are not really clean and while
many q poor woman has bruised her
knees and worn herself out scrubhing
and scrubbing, the desired result cam
not be obtained unless some cleaning
antiseptic Is used intelligently.
Formaldehyie is the simplest and
least expensive Of these disinfectants
and Is popular because It does not dis
color or affect wood, furniture or
draperies with which it may come In
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06

There Il one man In Richmond.
manufacturer OF furniture. who says
he does not dare to mark his GOODS
NMade in Richmond" because II he
Ola the dealers would be unable to sell
them. This man has been established
in this city for twenty-eight years ana
he ships goods all over the South ana
West and even as far away as New
England His goods are sold in many
az the Richr7ond stores, hut in never
one a. a Richmond product He says
when he first ed in business ne
had labels printed and attached TO his
goods but was induced by local deal
ers to remove the SAINT He claims that
hi. furniture is often sold as made IN
Chicago or Grand Rapids but never as
made in Richmond.
When the Virginian representative
first asked him his attitude in regard
to Richmond made goods ne saln
saThe people Oh }ttt.s..-"3F 5E7 ~
want Richmond made goods. They Ia
ratt buy my furniture with kala-
n lamp on it
., he was asked to explain ne
told :, experience he had with fam
fly in his neighhorhood who ire
auently called AT his house the worn-
an of the family admired his parlor
suite. and asked where 81 could &c.
one like IL. He explained tG@t Ia {
particular suite was made at his fac
tory and he gave hux the name of a
Rroad street furniture<0eahx who han
died them.
few DAYS afterwa Ytis IA lady and
her husband called frl the furniture
dealer and were shossn a parScr SUITE
which the dealer sstd wes mads by
'sKarpen OF Chicago" The lady sad
nothing Of her experience at the furnt-
ture manufacturer house. but she
took the nun Der 81 the suite, and then
went 10 the factory The number was
1890. and she was shown the Identical
set made in Richmond which the
Broad street dealer tried To sell as
Chicago product. she bought The suite
rnmbered 1890 but not from tho Broad
street merchant who had deceived her
The above story * absolutely true.
II happened several years ago, 1t is
true when American people thought
that to get any thing worth whiie II
nust. bear foreign label: That is
why, the Ia bel made in Germany was
sn ponular here few years ago IN
fact there were manufacturers IN
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
WILL HAVE NATIONAL
DISTRIBUTION IN z YEARS

~. kiln Caro- company. OF this
city. ma et1'rers Of chewing gums
have added M 1g machines. which
increases the CA ~ Of the plant
about 40 per cent more ma
chimes have been order nd when
II allied VIII permit the III ~g out
Of 5000 boxes OF chewing e. 0er
dav, Each hrx contains twenty p
ages. The business has been estau
iished about seventeen years. and
Manager Dangenbaker says. that his
concern win have national distribution
in about Two years. AS it stands now
the Franklin Caro- company is the
largest gum manufacturing concern
In the South.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
TWO TIRED GIRLS
OFFER $25 FOR IDEA

London July 4.--Heres the first
prize winner in the worlds congress
of people born tired.
Five pounds reward will be paid
for an acceptable suggestion for a
three months holiday which would
provide n complete change for two
young women exhausted by four
years continuous war work.
So runs the text of the agatellne
advertisement appearing in the Times.
Just that The two young women
exhausted by war work" evidently
are willing to spend SIS 10 have
somebody do their thinking for them.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06

Major Albert Fl. Garwin, chief of the
Bureau of tuberculosis, Medical and
Surgical department, with the Red
Cross forces in France, has been deco
rated with the Medaille d 'Honneur
de Vermeil OF the French government
in recognition of his services to that
country. Major Garvin was super-
intendent of the New York state hos
pital for tuberculosis for ten years.
He has been in France since Sep
1917.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06

contact, and while It has . strong nc
rid smell. It soon evaporates and
leaves everything sweet and clean.
a number Of experiments are now Ii
process Il the Iowa Agricultural col
leSo rsGasdinG The bsgt Ne g 1qal.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06

week on just what he is doing in
this line The $500 he would spend
during the year-woaId give him the
facts and figures that would enable
him 10 make considerably more than
that amount in extra profits.
The more expensive thing you can
do Is to guess. The most profitable
thing you can do is 10 know-~and to
know all the time as you 80 along.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-06
HIGH COST OF LIVING
GETS KNOCKOUT SWAT

From reports by officials OF the or
ganization. the Renters and Consum-
ers' association, is doing much to
bring down the high cost of living.
1t is announced that saving of sew
eral dollars a ton on coal, and So a
barrel on -four, is already an accom-
plished fact. while the price of eggs
and fowls has been materially re-
duced. A meeting OF the directors of
the association has been called for
tomorrow night.
The nonpartisan leader., 1919-02-10

penter the bankers the lawyers and the organize
the Let the merchants have their United States
Chamber of Commerce. the lawyers their association
the bankers their American Bankers association magnes
that rube farmer has enough organize
for his rights Down with the Grange unons
the Cleaners the Equity and the League! Fakes all!
The old Farmers alliance accomplished progressive
istion of benefit the farmers
organization in the history of the country broke finally and
passed away but wish those fighting
still living would write to the editor of Better Farming
tell him few Of the important reforms that the direct
growth of the farmers political of
early eos The old Alliance is dead But its work lives
itself And best of a its soul marching on And
about to get ownership Of railroads the last
OF the Farmers alliance
acted The Alliance before it's time thngs-too
to progressive measures, political economic
die -,
And the League? Chicago already almost
dying it's BIRTH He evidently hasn't been reading the very
carefully of ateepecialy the the
League program occurring in North Dakota
The nonpartisan leader., 1919-02-10

pendent Of the financial system money kings carrying
their Why? Simply because of the
sature has framed which provides in part follows:
Dakota:
culture industry,
the business of banking and that
hereby establish system of banking
by it, under the of the
And there have it, The people Of North Dakota
ing bank OF their that will finance all their projects
besides that will be state rural credit bank money
at cost to farmers land and crops!
Tho The Bank Of North for BUSINESS the day that
the banks capital At the outset the banks deposits will
money It belongs to towns counties school
private banks The provides that this PEOPLES MONEY
must be deposited in the PEOPLES OWN BANK
Again. North Dakota private banks at carry
to $4OO000O0 in in St. Paul Minneapolis
banks alone The of all this money lost state The
North Dakota banks themselves only fraction
it, and at high rates. North Dakota private banks under the
law deposit their North Dakota
under conditions At the of farmers
banks will their to the Bank Of North Dakota
and other banks will find advantageous to follow suit
AL this SIS aside from the Of the Of private dposto
League the there nearly
that the state Of North Dakota guarantees
oanng Of producers warehouse receipts will
The nonpartisan leader., 1919-02-10
THE BANK OF NORTH Dakota

NHE financial interests which oppose the program
ganized farmers and hold it to ridcue when all other
~ arguments fall fall back "Wel" they say
you cant sell the bonds intend to establish
state grain elevators warehouses, etc. By this they
the financial combine will boycott bonds the may
out the farmers the legislature
been busy in North Dakota actually out the farmers
The nonpartisan leader., 1919-02-10

solve the problem Of loans to farmers
Consider that the Bank of North Dakota will most powerful
financial institution in the Northwest
Do think North Dakota are Worrying abot
enterprises? ~ t e
The Leader doesn't think So Do you?
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
Half Your Living
Without Money Cost

We are all at danger point. On
the use of good common sense in our.
1919 farm and garden operations, de-
ponds prosperity or our "going broke"
Even at present high prices no one
can plant all or nearly all cotton, buy
food and grain at present prices from
supply merchant on credit, and make
money. Food and grain are higher in
proportion than are present cotton
prices.
It's time above all others to play
safe; to produce all possible food,
grain and forage supplies on your own
acres; to cut down the Store bill.
A good piece OF garden ground,
rightly planted, rightly tended and
kept planted the year round, can be
made to furnish nearly half your liv-
ing. It will save you more money
than you made on the best two or
three acres of cotton you ever grew!
Hastings 1919 Seed Book tells all
about the right kind of money saw
ing garden and the vegetables to put
in it. 1t tells about the farm crops as
well and shows you the clear road to
real and regular farm prosperity. It's
Free. Send for it today to H. G.
HASTINGS CO., Atlanta, Ga.-Advt.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

Standard cold remedy for 20 years--in tablet
form-safe sure, no opiates-brcaks up cold
in ~ hours-relieves grip in days. MoneT
backifit fails. The genuine box has Rcd top
with MIR. EiI's picture. At Ali Esug -soEes-
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

President Wilson will fight at
home as he has fought abroad for a
League of Nations. :, Returning from
France, he had been on American
soil not more than three hours be-
fore he threw down the gauntlet in
his Boston speech to those who dis
trust the proposed concert of Cow
eminent based, he scid, on the Amer
lean ideals which had won the war
for justice and humanity. An Amer
lea combining to her own territories
her conception and purpose to make
men free, he said, would have to
keep her honor "for those narrow,
selfish, provincial purposes which
seem so dear to some minds that
have no sweep beyond their nearest
horizon"
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
BACK GIVES OUT
Plenty Of Union City Readers Have
This Experience.

You tax the kidneys-overwork
them
They can't keep ZIP the continual
strain.
The back may give QUIT may
ache and pain;
Urinary troubles may set in.
Don't wait longer-takc Doan's
Kidney Pills.
Union City people tell you how
they act.
A. S. Gibson, N. LIST St., Union
City, says: "Doan's have given me
fine results and l am glad to recon-
mend them. l was in pretty bad
shape with my back fer about two
weeks. l had to be on my feet con-
siderable and being confined so much
in the store is what l blame for my
trouble. My kidneys didn't act
properly and / felt ell run down. l
started using Doan's Kidney Pills
which l got at divers Drug Store.
This medicine proved just what l
needed and / soon felt like myself
again"
Price coo, at all dealers. Don't
simply ask for kidney remedy-get
Doan's Kidney Pills-the same that
Mr.. Gibson had. Foster-Milburn
Co., Props. Buffalo, N. Y.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
Troy.

Private Sernie Garrison, who is
just back from overseas, is at home
on q furlough.
Miss Edna Garrison is at home
this week from Memphis, where she
has been attending the Normal
Mr.. Fate Tate and wife were here
a few days this week visiting home
folks.
Sgt. Maxey Moffatt left for Camp
Pike, Ark, Sunday after a ten days
furlough at home.
Mrs. Hettie Nichols and children
moved to Union City this week,
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

where Mrs. Nichols will be with the
Childs Speciality House.
Mr.. Charlie Mum, of Memphis, is
visiting his aunt, Mrs. John Cook,
this week.
Miss Edna Nichols will return
Sunday from St. Louis with line of
spring hats for J. S. Moffatt Co.
Miss Vera Erwin went to Dyers-
burg Tuesday morning for medical
attention.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

my housework. My baby when seven
months old weighed 10 pounds and / feel
better than have for long time. l
never had any medicine do me so
much good. Mrs. PEARL MoNYHAN,
Mitchell, Ind.
Good health during maternity is q
most important factor to both mother
and child, and many letters have been
received by the Lydia E. Pinkham
Medicine Co., Lynn, Mass, telling OF
health restored during this trying period
by the use of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege-
table Compound.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

during the time l
was lookingforward
to the coming of my
little one that / am
recommending it to
other ex pc C t a n t
mothers. Be fore
taking it, some days
/ suffered with neu.
ralgia so badly that
/ thought l could
not live, but after
taking three bottles
of Lydia E. Pin k
hams V e ge table
Compound l was en-
tirely relieved of
n neuralgia, ] h ad
gained in strength
and was able to go
around and do all
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
DOCTOR SAYS !.
VINOL IS THE
BEST TONIC
Honest Opinion Doctor Gave
His Patient .y2nes-~

Bedford, Ohio.-"I was in a pitifu1
condition, weak, nervous and run
down so could not do my housework.
I had doctored for years and tried
everything under the sun. A friend
told me about Vinol. I asked my
doctor about it, and he replied, TT
certainly is the best medicine that can
be had today. I couldn't give you
any better I took it, and today I
am as well and strong as any woman
could wish to be, and it was Vinol
that saved me."-Mrs. Frank A. Hor-
key, Ash ST., Bedford, Ohio.
We guarantee this famous cod liver
and iron tonic for all such conditions
divers Drug Store. Union City, Tenn
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

that the United Kingdom is con-
fronting civil strife and must do
everything in it's power to avert it
was the declaration of Lloyd George
in introducing in tho House of Com
mons a bill to provide for an in
vestigation of the coal industry.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

That the German people are mon
crchists at heart and that they will
turn to the German Princes to re-
store the country is the opinion ex-
pressed by an expert Investigator for
the American army.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
Executors Notice.

l have been appointed executor of
the estate of Mrs. Lucy N. Walton,
deceased. All persons having claims
against the estate will present same
to me duly probated for payment,
and any person owing said estate
will please Gee me at once and settle
same. This Feb. IL, 1919. 47-4t
ED CRENSHAW, Executor.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

1--WE must fight the Poles to the
last soldier" is the latest official
declaration of Leon Trotzky. Reports
say that the Russian factional leader
is putting on fine airs, although I'M
der a handicap, his ovcrcoat having
been stolen by his comrades.
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28
MOTHERS
TO BE
Should Read Mrs. Monyhan's
Letter Published by
Her Permission.

Mitchell, Ind.-"Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound helped me so much
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

After-The-War Problems
Affect Telephone Service
w /HlE the nation was under the stress M
w cident to winning the war, we asked our
W subscribers and the public to be patient
with the telephone service and to lsn. its use IS
much as practicable in order that we nm ht handle
the urgent business Of the nation efficiently.
Now that the amistice has been signed and
hostaitics have ceased we are confronted with
problems OF the reconstruction period, which are
equally as serious and which Will require time and
patience for solution.
The policy Of frankness which we have prao-
ticed prompts us TO make II clear that the dfhcul
ties under which we are now operating are such
that viii be many months before we can bring
our service back to the standard OF efficiency pre-
yaling prior to the European war.
Tho abnormal increase IN the volume OF tele-
phone calls due to war activities created need
tor a greater number OF operators and we have
been diligently building up an enlarged operating
force. When this situation was very well In hand
last fall the influenza epidemic played havoc with
our forces and our losses from illness and death
are still alarming. AS result OF this combination
OF circumstances. the percentage OF new and mex
perenced operators Is large and there is now
serious shortage although our training schools are
graduating large classes every month.
Although our service has suffered from these
causes the public has been considerable and we
have been able to handle heavier traffic than
seemed humanity possible and have installed
promptly and operated efficiently the telephone
plants required by the government at army camps
and other similar institutions
The situation confronting our service is more
serious now than it was when fighting was In
progress The public has relaxed from its ten
sion and is inclined to expect our service to at
once assume its pre-war efficiency We deem it
our duty to make tn. frank statement and urge
you to continue the conservation Of the service
which proved so helpful during the time Of our
nation greatest need.
We are operating the telephone system as
agents for the federal government under the SUI
pervsion Of the Postmaster General, and our loyal
organization is making patriotic effort to perfect
the service. Your continued cooperation and
encouragement will be appreciated
cumberland Telephone 5A
nd Telegraph Company i
The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1919-02-28

Plenty of exercise, fresh air,
regular hours-is all the pre-
scription you need to avoid
Influenza unless through
neglect or otherwise, a cold
gets you. Then take-at
once
The Ocala banner. (Ocala, Marion County, Fla.) 1883-194?, 1919-09-12
LEMONS TAKE SKIN
WHITE. SUIT, CLEAR

Make this beauty lotion for a few
cents and see for yourself.
What girl or woman hasn't heard OF
lemon juice to remove complexion
blemishes, to whiten the skin and to
bring out the roses, the freshness and
hidden beauty? But lemon Juice
alone is acid, therefore irritating and
should be mixed with orchard white
this way. Strain through a fine cloth
the juice of two fresh lemons into 3
bottle containing about three ounces
of orchard white, then shake well
and you have a quarter pint OF skin
and compl EXON lotion at about the
cost one usually pays for a small jar
of ordinary cold cream Be sure to
strain the lemon juice so no pulp
gets into the bottle, then this lotion
will remain pure and fresh for
months. When applied daily to the
face, neck, arms and hands It should
Ihelr to bleach, clear, smoornen and
beautify the skin
Any druggist will supply three
ounces of orchard white at very little
cost and the grocer has the lemons