davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

ative stores and credit societies, was initiated in Russia in the last century by members of the 'intelligentsia'' !, but the experiments in cheesemaking turned out a failure. In the sos, dairying made a fresh start, this time in butter, and likewise in Si- beria, a circumstance due to the fact that the Siberian peasant proprietors had much more land and greater number of cattle than those of Euro pean Russia, and that the opening of the great Siberian trunk railway pro vided the necessary transport facill- ties. As always, capitalism, in haste to get rich quick, rushed in, ending in feverish speculation and cut-throat competition, as the outcome of which capitalist undertakings became trans formed into cooperative concerns.
 The Central Association of Flax growers, founded in September, 1915, already unifies the activities of some hundreds Of cooperative credits and rural economic societies and unions interested in. tn production and sale of flax. The scope of the association comprises the sale of flax fibre, the purchase and supply of seed and the instruction of societies in technical matters, whilst a foreign trade has been started with firms in Japan, England, France, and America.
 The union of Tar Artels in the province of Archangle is another CO., operative association which sas help ed to rescue the producer from the yoke of the middlemen. The peas ant producers in the tar industry are estimated at 10000. The union con- ducts trading operations with Great Britain. Another peasant industry
 e. that of knitted goods, in which the sale of products has been co-opera- lively organized.
 Last, but not least, associations in the formation stage, such as the Co., operative Grain Union and the Union for the Sale of Eggs, are entitled to mention in view of future develop ments.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE.

To Joseph Kramer, Herman Piper. John Brennan Max Anger, c. N. Brown and D. M Brogan, your heirs, legal representatives, or assigns:
 You and each of you are hereby mo- tified that I have expended in labor and improvements during each of the years of 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, and 1916 the sum of one hundred dollars ($100) on the St Anthony Associa- tion Placer Mining Claim, situated on the left limit of Newton Gulch No. a tributary to Dry Creek in the Cape Nome Recording Precinct, Ter rtory of Alaska; notice of location of which is recorded in volume Ill page 408 of the records of said Recording Precinct. Said labor and improve ments having been done on said claim for the purpose of holding same under the provisions of Section 2324 Revised Statutes of the United States.
 You and each of you are hereby
  required to contribute your propor- tion of said expenditure as co-owner to the undersigned within ninety days from the final publication of mining claim will be forfeited and be- come the property of the undersigned, your co-owner, as provided by said section of the Revised Statutes.
 Dated at Nome, Alaska, February IS, 1919.
 AUGUST HOMBURGER
 Co-owner. Published-Feb. 15, 22. Mar 1, s, 15, 22, 29. Apr 5, 12, 19, 26. May, 3, 10, IT, 1919.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

said. we need more stern men of the type of these five senators in our state Legislature-men who will hold the lash over the women and keep them in the mills and factories until their work is done"
 It would be interesting, of course, to look the writer of those lines in the face; to see cross section of his brain or his heart It is more to the point, however. to remember that if those mills were owned by the gov ernment and run by the people, no twentieth century barbarian would talk about holding the lash" over the women and children; the very phrase shows malice, ignorance, intellectual Prussianism; person who can talk like that is no less an enemy of his country than hostile soldier taint- ing woman's honor.
 Those women and children in the mills are our mothers our sisters, our sweethearts; from them comes the race of today and tomorrow a little genuine patriotism and far-sighted- ness should show those legislators
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

able to emulate the success of GIas- gow, given care in management and conservation in development
 Last years tramways there carried 362,0O0,O00 passengers, some two- thirds of whom pay one-cent fares. The remainder paid fares carefully proportioned to the distance travelled according to the zoning sysem every where in vogue in the old country. The observer is led to consider ser iously whether this method of collect ing fares has not good deal to do with the success attained Very large numbers of passengers are car ried about the business section who would hesitate to pay two cents each time they desired to travel few blocks, The most uncommon exper- fence that lower fares produce great CT revenue may be largely responsible for Glasgow's success. At any rate the charge is proportioned to the ser- vice rendered.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
MODERN CAvEMAN
 SWINGS THE LASH

The fifty-hour bill for women and children was recently killed in the Massachusetts law factory. By re- fusing to pass the bill the lawmakers of the Bay State said, in so many words, that they care less for the health of the women and children of the working-class than they did for the profits of few wealthy producers For, make no mistake, the patriotic issue is here not involved.
 Our own, government, as we'll as that of Great Britain, has discovered that the eight hour day is more eff1- cient than the ten and eleven hour one, but the millowners of New Brad ford, Lawrence and Fall River know more than the government, of course, One strange creature from Spring field, Mass, in letter to newspaper
 he did no have the courage to sign his name, but hid behind an initial went so far as to praise the five Western Massachusetts senators who killed the bill There fs altogether too much mawkish sentiment opposed to long hours for women workers. he
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

opening of it's own warehouse in 1907 and the supply of commodities direct. The third and most important phase of all began in 1914. Developments in all directions took place-the ex- tension of organization, the opening of enterpots the wholesale had one even in Samarcand.) the establish ment of working alliance with the Siberian Butter producers Organiza- tion: the transformation of the union into union of unions Comprising in 1916 157 federations,) as well as it's internal reorganization, and last, but not least, the arrangements for de- veloping internal relations through the opening of-a Ondon depot i'll the near future.
 The productive undertakings com prise two confectionery works, a couple of flour mills, match works, Q tobacco manufactory, an oil press, a soad manufactory and an establish ment for the drying of vegetables and fruits, all of which have been acquired during the war period Other under Lakings are projected
 The Moscow Narodny Bank-the central financial institution for the cooperative movement was open ed on May 1912; and now embraces according to the last report, 2,752 societies and other institutions. It commenced with paid up capital of million roubles (about $500,000) and now comtemplates fourth is- sue of 6,0O,000. It is noteworthy that the Russian state bank at the outset refused to open credit ac- count for the cooperative institu- tion, but later on saw fit to change it's policy.
 The bank also has trading de partment acting as a purchasing wholesale for societies in the mat ter of agricultural requisites, such as ploughs, harvesting machines, manures, seeds and so forth, on terms of a commission ranging from 1 to per cent to cover expenses.
 Cooperative dairying, like cooper
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
BISHOP ASSURES
 LABOR
Bishop Gore, of England, Declares That War Aims of Democracy Mean Bright Future for Workers.

Bishop Gore, of England, Declares
 That War Aims of Democracy Mean
 Bright Future for Workers.
 Labor must be convinced that mili- tarism is only a necessity of the mo- ment, which will cease to exist as dominating force when the war is over, if the Allied Powers are to be assured the full constant, and un- swerving fidelity of the workers. This is the message to labor of Bishop Charles Gore, of Oxford, England, who is in this country to allay sus- picion as to the ultimate purposes of the great democratic Powers.
 "It is very necessary" the Bishop declares, "that we crush Germany, but it is also necessary that the Allies convince the workers that they are fighting not only for the overthrow of their foes from without, but are fighting as we'll for liberty and jus tice to all classes, creeds and colors within. 1T with the overthrow Of Germany this is not accomplished the war will only have been partially won
 ''One thing fear is that the mili- taristic spirit may obtain permanent possession in some quarters. This we must avoid. We must have it thoroughly understood that militar- ism is but necessity of the moment and in no sense a permanent institu- ton. Democracy under a military system is an impossibility."
 He said that the future of labor never was brighter and that capitals attitude was never more generous He expressed the belief that these conditions would remain.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
THE BOCnES AND
 THE B0LSHEvIKS

The success of the Bolshevik move ment in Germany depends entifely upon the attitude of the army. If the returning German soldiers favor the theories of these extremists there is little question but that Germany is in for long seize of turmoil tFs Twill have to run it's course like any epi- demic. Without the soldiers the Bol- sheviki are helpless.
 This much however may be said of any government that is set up in Ger many: The soldiers are the strong est organized force in Germany today as they were in Russia. In times of political revolution this is always the case. The army is the deciding factor because the army is organized and can act quickly and efficiently as a whole while any opposing political organization lacks unity and disci- pline..
 The power of Lenine and Trotsky in Russia was maintained by the sol- diers whose rifles outweigh any possl- ble resolutions that may be passed by constituted assembly. As long as the dictatorship has support of the armed forces it makes little difference what public opinion may want. Pub lie opinion is subjected to military force; it cannot meet it cannot organ ize, and it cannot give voice to it's wishes. It is dumb and helpless. Every dictatorship ever established has had it's foundation on the army, and persisted just as long as the army
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

continued to give it's support.
 We hear from various correspond ents that the returning German sol diers are opposed to the Bolsheviki, but of necessity such reports cannot be accepted as covering the entire army The return movement into Ger many is to large to be discussed as whole, and the censorship must be taken into consideration. The Rus sIan soldier was won over to the Bol- sheviki by the elimination of disci- pline and the promise of the fruits of the earth. He is yet taking toll of the scanty fare of the land, going where he wills and leading a hand-to-mouth existence by the right of his rifle. This sort of a career is not likely to ap- peal to the German soldier, who be- fore the war was we'll cared for by the state, at least physically. He has a home to which to return, while the Russian soldier had at the best a habitation.
 On the returning German soldier depends the future of Germany. What the Hohenzollerns think, what the junkers think, what the various po- litical leaders think. will amount to little if they do not first convince the soldier. A combination between the Roche and the Bolsheviki will be in- vincible until the natural laws of human development destroy them. Without the Boche, the Bolsheviki in Germany will be but loud nuisance.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
AUGUST HOMBURGER
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE

To J. N. Flack, Nome Kougarok Cen solidated Mines Company and Jacob Zeman, your heirs, executors, admin istrators and assigns:
 You and each of you, are hereby notified that the undersigned has ex- pended in labor and improvements the sum of one hundred dollars dur ing each of the years Of 1914, 1915, 1916, and 1917, upon the following described placer mining claim, situate, lying and being in the Kougarok Re- cording District, Territory of Alaska, to-wit: The upper one half (h) eff Creek Claim Number Three on Dahl Creek in the Kougarok Mining Dis triet.
 You are further notified that if within ninety (90) days after the publication of this notice you fail or neglect to contribute your proportioa of such expenditure, your interest ia said mining claim if any, will become the property of the undersigned. your co-owner, under section 2324 of the Revised Statutes of the United States.
 AL CARRY
 Co-owner. Published-Nov. 23, 3s. Dec. T. If. 21, 2s. Jan. 4, II, IS, 2s. Fsb.1, [, 1k.
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
 IN GLASGOW

All the arguments of the opponents of public ownership become pointless when the results achieved by the city of Glasgow in the ownership and oper- ation of it's street car system are ad- duced. Not only have the civic au- thorities provided cheap, convenient and profitable service, but they have now succeeded in extinguishing the last vestage of debt in connection with the tramsways.
 The Glasgow tramways were taken over by the city in 1894, Sir James Bell being at that time Lord Provost In reviewing the present situation, Sir James recently said:
 "The earnings last year amounted to q 149, 900, and out of that no less than e4S5,000 was gathered in half penny fares. If they had not insti- tuted the half-penny fare, there would have been half million more out of the pockets of the people, and he questioned if the tramways would have been so succussful and the ser vice so much a boon to the community as they had been.
 They were backed up by the peo- pie of Glasgow, who were satisfied with the service and they continued to improve it until &3.S35,OO0 had been spent on capital account In addition to that, &464,O00 had been paid into the common good and they carried forward e119.00O to renewal and depreciation. Altogether, the tromways system of Glasgow had drawn e4,60O,0O0 over and above the expenditure. In twenty three years that was an enormous sum, and it had enabled them not only to square all accounts. but, with every debt ex- tinguished, their capital account ex- tinguished. they started fresh as if they were beginning the tramway sys- tenn with G119,00O. They had given to the city means of egress and m Fress such as no city ever possesset To Crcwn all wheT, :he nadC1 cams tn t'mand money for th9 nasion s needs, the corporation came o'vard and Ssye the largest tonaticn he knew of any mrnt ipality .I the singdom. That Ez,000 quo WAS founded on the t2smway system, and wou.d ever go to the honor and credit of Glasgow"
 Glasgow may we'll feel proud of it's initiative and it's success. The ques- ton which naturally arises in the minds of it's envious sister corpora tions throughout the Empire is whether there is anything in the posi- tion of Glasgow which has peculiarly favored the magnificent achievement. The second city of the Empire has, of course, an enormous population upon which to draw; it is possible that the density of that population is greater than is altogether desirable. But there is no reason to suppose that, in due proportion to their size and area, other cities should be un-
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
COOPERATION
 AMONG RUSSIAN

stricken peasant landholders that the mortality of the societies for over a decade amounted to 50 per cent. As for the stores movement, it's history for a considerable period was even more depressing Established at first in the towns by local officials, town gentry and professional men, who be- came founders, members and controll- alty figures mainly as customers, the fate of one-half the stores might be summed as lingering consumption, ending in premature demise, As for the stores esta blished in connection with industrial undertakings from the year 1870, they were controlled by the firms and their leading officials and conducted so as to realize the maximum dividends.
 In the early '9Os, however. the distribuGve cosoperatve movement made new departure. In the towns the movement spread to the lower middle class and as a result of the famine of 1871 it spread under the auspices of the "intelligentsia" to the rural districts, where the greatest need lay. Meantime the growth of a great Agrarian movement with the historic watchword, Land and Lib erty' betokened the urge of the time which ultimately eventuated in the revolution of 1905, revolution which in the history of cooperation as in that of the Russian people, has a special significance, denoting as 1t does, the end of advent of an economic as well as a political democracy In five years (1905-1910) both the distributive and credit societies show ed quadruped figures, and, what is more, thee onsumers' societies. which had formerly been completely out paced by the credit societies now made such headway that their posi- tion ,betokened a challenge for the premiership.
 Aga, a,ponoroedogelsn snadioiistpolticalah
 The bankrupt statesmanship of the duct of the war that towns all over Russia were brought to the verge of starvation, under which circumstance es all sorts and conditions of men joined the cooperative ranks from the townsmen and peasants in remote regions to the pressmen and clergy of Petrograd; and even members of the duma forced cooperative society of their own.
 The total membership of all CO., operative organizations at the begin ming of 1917 has been estimoted at close to 13,000.000, which means that nearly third of the whole pop ulation of Russia comes within the sphere of cooperation. The total membership of the distributive move ment may be computed at approxi- mately 3.00O,000, of which the peas ant membership comprises three fourths. Four-ffths of the stores are village stores.
 The Moscow Union of Consumers Societies, which is the leading center of the distributive movement, is an organization embracing both the wholesale and the press, besides act ing as cooperative propagandist, per- petual council and guardian of the CO., operative movement at large.
 The Union commenced it's career as a trading organization first. How the union had to feel its own way Is shown by the fact that for the first five years it conducted trading opera tions in hired premises and that for the first ten it acted as intermediary and commission agents for societies. The second phase began with the
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22
By J. F. MILLS


 Cooperation has played mater ial part as a factor in national libera- tion. The deliberate policy of stunt ing the growth of the movement adopted by the dark forces of the tsardom furnishes most substantial proof of this. Such a movement could hardly be suppressed but it could be harnessed and retarded in every possible way, of which the withhold ing of official sanction became a fav- orite device. When the Agrarin movement had grown to such dimen- sions that the government in 1895 deemed it advisable to empower the formation of cooperative credit so- cieties financed from state funds, it was not the peasants, but the large proprietors who reaped the main benefit. Then, when in 1904 the ad- vance of the Agrarian movement had rendered further action absolutely necessary, the government established the department of small credit in connection with the state bank, but at the same time appointed huge under strict bureaucratic control. When after the war started, the Duma passed the bill for establishing cooperative societies by the simple process of registration, the charter of cooperative liberty was first evis- cerated and then hung up by the Council of the Empire. Add to all this the harrassing of the co-opera- tive press and the reader will begin faintly to realize what the movement had to endure under the old regime.
 The charter of cooperative liberty was restored to it's original form by the provisional government and rati- fled the day before the cooperative congress assembled on March 25, 1917. Coincidently herewith cooper ative leaders were called to govern ment posts to direct the organization and control of the food supply.
 One of the first acts of the council was to issue a proclamation calling on the citizen co-operators to sup port the provisional government. Its next act was to organize itself into economic and juridic sections. A third step was the establishment of publishing department and book store Add to this the establishment of daily paper, the Power of the People," and the influence the move ment will exercise will be obvious.
 The earliest cooperative experi- ments in Russia took the form of productive artels of cabinetmakers, boot makers, bookbinders and so forth, initiated by philanthropic re- formers in the early days of serf emancipation, the early sos. (Ar- tel is a russian word meaning an in- dependent union of Iaborers working collectively and sharing the profits) The rapid founding of these societies showed. however, that the introduc- tion of the earliest and crudest form of western cooperation stood no earthly chance of success. Subse- quently cooperation received fresh start by the foundation of the first distributive store in Riga in 1865, and the formation of the first credit society in the village of Dorovalov (Kostroma province) in 1866. From these two undertakings the Russian movement derives it's origin and traces it's descent. But here, again, on both hands the defects of move- ment initiated from above and not from below, were revealed from the outset. The credit societies were so ill-adapted to the needs of poverty
Weekly Nome industrial worker., 1919-02-22

that they are ruining our manhood at the very source. But no; under the pretext of war necessity these pro- fit-patriots make war upon the na- tional health right here at home.- Exchange.
The Oklahoma City times. [volume] (Oklahoma City, Okla.) 1908-1984, 1919-06-20
Art Gunalus Says,
'Presidsat rearnsy Must of Teek
A Fancy to Them lnAians."

Well I'd them Oklahoma City InGhan
are still going like thoy Was - ~
way somewhere and Il 10 . GOD th11N
they In not no team above ~ beoano4
We would never rest or nothing uNoa
We had left them In our rear - eon4.
where. guess I'd. II must make then
Indians mad TO see some other team
ahead because when that happens they
90 on the war path and reel Oft . NJ.
OF wins successive and before you knew
II they is seven teams below ~ aAd
not any above.
We have now gons and got Ourselves
twelve wins In the last fourteen games
I'd. and are going faster than . Kansas
cyclone or Oklahoma for that matter
and II We do not stop pretty Roon I will
move and second motion to hop over
Into the American association and see
what we can do TO them birds.
Well Ed I sec President TeaSnsy
took away couple games which 'waA
| won by Des Moines and would not let
! them have II because they was Usnu
bird which ought 10 have been on
some other team and We are furthst
ahead now than ever. Not that W
needed them games Ed. because We
was ahead anyway. but II will not DO no
harm on account OF II being a long time
10 the end OF the season and every game
viii count.
am glad 20 SEQ the fans are turninq
out and going To the games now and u
they win only keep II up II will give the
team finance m well a. moral support
or something and they need both.