South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-12-28

80 llle eeAaL. ana E4tre m once de-
veloped bitter opposition 70 ITS ad-
option without changes on June
81 the senate republicans who were
opposing the covenant OF the League
or Nations as framed IN Paris We're
advised hy Elihu Root former sec
rotary 81 state. TO express their OBJ
jeCti0ns by resolutions embodyine
reservations to the treaty. This plan
was adopted hy tho republican ma
5crirv. after textual amendments 20
the treaty had been voted down.
LODGE RAISES
OBJECTIONS.
Sen. Lodge. republican leader Of
the senate. in "a speech upon the
League OF Nations ou Aus g, pro-
posed that tho first reservation
adopted should require acceptance
hy az least four other nations %
such other reservations as might br
adopted on aug - Mr L0dgs
delivered au extended address o.
which he terno1 Tho proposed
Lea4ue or Nauors "dosormed c2
pertinent Dn AUG re the scnat,
committee or foreign relations cor
ferreI with tre president at Ia,
white f11s Questioning him for
tire. rour- and half in an enorf
ru aeal.r. inforua .ou ou various
sections OF the peace treaty. Sen
rmeut tn favor or The adoption of
reservations OF SOME kind continued
to develop among the republican
majority in the senate. while mos.
.f tho democratic members of the
senate supported Prest Wilson's de-
mand that tse treaty. including the
covenant off the League Of Nations
Doc adopted without change
Favor Amendments
The committee ON foreign rela-
tons voted favorbIy upon scvera
drastic amendments 20 the treaty
one Of these would have provided
that Germany must surrender shan
tung % China rather than 20 Japan
Another known AS the Johnson
amendment offered by Sen. John
son Of California. provided that th,
United States should have as many
votes in the League OF Nations as
the British empire. This amend
ment was called forth by the pro
vision in the League Of Nation
covenant that the British empire
should have s.z votes. each az its
dominions being given separate rep
reseutauon.
On Sept 10 Sen. Lodge submit
ted the majority report Of the COM
mittee ON foreign relations. propos
ing many amendments and four
reservations 70 the peace treaty
Sen. Hitchcock presented minor
Ity report. recommendlng the adop-
tion OF the treaty without rescrva
ton. There began then a deter
mined Geht between the opposing
FORCES If the senate which ended
finally in "a deadlock which prevent
ed the ratification Of the treaty
either with or without reservatIore
All of the textual amendments rec
commended by the committee OF
foreign relations were defeated bat
the republican majority voting al
most solidly and with the sIppor
OF four or 1--WE democratic senator
adopted a series OF drastic reserve
lions which were designed. accord
Ing o. their authors. chiefly 20 pre-
vent the United States from becom-
/ inz involved in amy future dispute
among European nations and 20 re
serve % tie United States the right
20 decide FOR itself lts course OF ac-
/ ton on amy questions arising before
t the League of Nations.
In the meantime PRIEST Wilson
had continued 10 combat every sug-
I gcsti0u Ut "a change ln the treaty Oh
the covenant or the League of va
/ lions and an effort 10 force iy
ratification had undertaken an ex-
I tenslve tour 0f the country begin
ming on Sept. 8 The president aft
4 or delivering more than 40 speech
/ Is throughout the west. broke down
under The strain before he had com
/ plered his tour and was forced O.
return 20 the white house Hi on.
diuou was regarded as very seri-
Gus and he was unable 10 take
/ leading part in the battle for the
. treaty when the contest reached IFS
/ climax Tho president sim insisted
/ h0wever. upon the adoption ~ the
/ treaty without resarvations and
4 when the question came 20 a anat
vote in The senate ou Nov. ls. the
/ democratic minority aided BY q
/ number Of republicans. opposed tc
/ The league ia any form. defeated the
majority resolution ~ the republi-
cans. which would have carried with
lt tho reservations adouted by tho
senate Sen. HtcheocE thereupo7
offered a resolution providing for
. ratification nj the treaty without