davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Terrorism. Us. Argument

When public meetings, religious
conventions, declarations of labor de-
clare in favor OF the league of nations,
It's political terrorism When Senator
johnson takes 200 square miles Of
Aiao-chau and turns it into 10000
square miles of Shantung, or takes
zue'OoO natives Of Kiao-chau and ex-
pands them into forty millions of Chi
nese handed over to slavery, it is ar
gumen.'
SO far as at present recorded the
facts are as shown on the maps
mere shown. Under the Versailles
Heary Japan gets exactly what
Germany had. That includes not
only the 200 square miles on Kiao-
enau harbor, but also certain rights
over neutral area extending thirty
miles inland, the railroad from
isingtao to Tsinan (the capital of
onantung) and certain preferential
ngnts IN the important mines of
TIE peninsula.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Why Should Ne?

81. Why should the United States
guarantee, as it does under Article K.
all the boundaries of the world? WHY
should it put itself under moral obi-
cations to 60 10 ltaly's aid if Jugo-
Slavia should attempt to recover Dali
malta, or to the aid of Japan if China
should attempt to recover Shantung,
or to take part in obscure strug gles in
the Balkans,
"'2. Why should the United States
virtually surrender the Monroe Doc
trine? And conversely. why should it
agree to submit purely domestic
American questions to foreign tn
bunals?'
These questions are not answered
by assertions that those who ask them
are men of pygrny minds or are with
out vision or with eyes on the ground.
They are not answered by emotional
reciting of how Europe leans on Us
ard how we would break the heart Of
the world if we made a reservation in
the covenant"
Democratic opinion finds the
Presidents address satisfactory il,
tone and substance. Typical is
this editorial from "The Baltimore
Sum-:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

Every American citizen capable of
reading the English language can de-
eide for himself, from the text of the
treaty itself, whether there is ample
justification for this extraordinary
demonstration against Japan which
has arisen in the United States Senate.
and can determine whether anv hon.
orable or legitimate interest of the
United States is to be promoted by
this reckless attempt in the Senate to
imperil friendly relations between this
country and Japan. He can readily
ascertain, as we'll, the degree of sim
cerity on the part of the Senators
making these attacks.
Zone of the most important object
ives of German diplomacy previous to
April 6, 1917, was to involve the United
States in war with Japan. The task
in which Germany failed has now been
taken up by q group of United States
Senators who care nothing about China
and less about Shantung, but are
seemingly resolved to wreck the treaty
of peace regardless of consequences"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Japan viii Dominate

1t Is the view Of the critics of
aae settlement that these rights will
"a TACT enable Japan to control the
whole peninsula. Says The New
FORK Tribune:
Inc German titles are obviously
soht'eal as we'll az economic. The two
,ssnentS can scarcely be separated. II
saDan holds the German privileges she
did" '' any
J. The New York World" quotes
sas text Of the treaty las printed
ELSEWHERE on this page and then
proceeds az follows, under the title
The shantung Mares Nest:
~ will shus be seen from the tent
= 'ns treaty i.seIf that Japan has ac-
ya'ssd no rights in Kiao-chan or in
- province Of shantnng except those
sSst China granted 70 Germany twer.v-
we years ago. Nothing has been taken
= 10y from China by the Congress Of
s'sssilss. The worst that can BE- said
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Reservations Expected

"'Those most familiar with the
Presidents tact and skill believe he
ultimately will consent to make easy
the way out of the statesmen politi-
clans, and accept qualifications that
do not change the effect Of the docu-
ment. So some reservations may be
expected
1T is remarkable that any other
outcome should have been considered
possible"
The failure Of the President in
his address to the Senate to answer
specific criticisms has been tartly
commented upon by much of the
Republican press. Says "The
Wichita Beacon:
president Wilson's speech before
the Senate yesterday was very pleasing
to those who make no distinction be-
tween league Of nations and the
league of nations that is presented
for ratification. Those who looked for
enlightenment as to specific points
went away without enlightenment.
That is to say, Mr.. Wilson utterly
failed to get down to brass tacks,' as
it is understood some of the Demo
cratic Senators urged him to do before
his appearance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Another Partisan Lineup

The newspaper comment has
again divided along partisan lines
upon this issue, as upon most of the
other treaty questions. The Demo-
cratic papers have not attempted to
defend the settlement on it's merits.
They have sought to belittle the ex-
tent Of the injury done to China
and also to defend the yielding to
Japan on the grounds Of practical
political necessity.
The detailed facts as to the stu
alton are still somewhat obscure.
Senator Hitchcock and others are
represented in the Washington dis
patches as laboring night and day
over the documents in order to pre-
sent the truth. In general, the critics
OF the settlement hold that it gives
Japan virtual control Of the entire
Shantung peninsula, subject only to
the vague promise by Japan to re-
turn the coded territory to China.
The defenders of the President and
the treaty declare that at most only
the 200 square miles Of Kiao-chau
are IN question. Said The New
York Evening Post in a satirical
reply TO statement by Senator
Johnson:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Morning Rhetoric

THE Presidents appeal for the
league of nations yesterday was a
moving piece of rhetoric But it Yves
rhetoric and nothing more. 1t repeat-
eddy made the assertion that the league
would prevent war. But it depended
on the mere assertion. Mr.. Wilson
asked the country to take his word for
it. He did not explain how the league
would prove the instrument of ger
petual peace.
To those persons, and they are
many, who fear the league in it's pres
emit shape will be an instrument of
war, not of peace; that it will force
America to uphold policies this coun-
try is not responsible for framing; that
it will subject American sovereignty
to control by powers in which America
has no confidence-to all such the
President had no. word TO say.
The nation is saturated with gem
eralities. The appeal TO abolish war
by approving the league Of nations
leaves men cold. They insist on know
ing how one more treaty can be de-
pended on TO do what all the treaties
Of the past failed TO accomplish. In
particular they are interested in these
two 0uestions:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

On the other hand, the indepen-
dent opinion Of the country strongly
backs the Republican view. Says
THE Christian Science MONITOR:
"It must by this time be evident
to Mr.. Wilson that the task before
him is not an easy one. The great
meeting in Boston, almost at the mo-
ment he was landing, when Senator
Johnson denounced the league and the
guarantee win all the power that
was in him, coming as an aftermath
of all the earlier debates in the Senate
itself, must be sufficient to convince
him of the magnitude of the task be-
fore him.
1T is when he faces the international
complications involved in the Shan
tung agreement that his larger diff
iculties will begin to be manifest.
That practically the entire country is
opposed to the Shantung agreement
there does not seem to be any doubt
whatever. What support there may be
for it seems to arise entirely from the
argument Of political necessity. Still
it is the business Of craftsmanship to
solve political riddles not by a sur
render to obvious wrong, but by a firm
insistence upon right. Mr.. Wilson
knew of the claims of Japan in Shan
tung before his departure for Paris.
The conditions existing in the treaties
of the Allies with Toxic were also
known to him, or, at any rate, easily
might have been. In such circum-
stances the surrender of the West to
the East is all the more inexplica-
BILE
"The Chinese explanation that it was
accepted in. order to constrain Japan
within the league is so unconvincing
that it would be Immediately rejected
had it not been seriously and au-
thoritatively advanced. The United
States, therefore. and indeed the world,
awaits the Presidents explanation with
the keenest interest, though it must
be admitted that the failure Of the
Allies either to contradict China, or to
advance any reason of their own, has
caused judgment to go against them
by default"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
4 Closcing Reminder

"The President did we'll. we think.
in laying the peace treaty before the
Senate for ratification, TO recall the cir
cumstances under which America went
to war, to picture again in glowing
words the kind of an army which this
nation sent to France, to remind US Of
the hopes and fears of America and of
the rest Of the world in the dark DAYS
Of the spring and the summer OF last
year. Only by keeping these things
firmly in mind can we reach correct
Judgment as to whether the peace now
concluded is just peace and a worthy
one, worthy Of the sacrifices made.
He did we'll also, we think, to ex-
plain at such length and with such a
wealth Of detail the intimate rela-
ton Of the league of nations to tha
peace treaty as q whole His EXPOSE
ton makes it so clear that il is diff
fculs to see how the fact can be-
disputed hereafter that if the league
covenant Is rejected it will be neces-
sary to rewrite the whole treaty. Il
makes it clear that even if the treaty
were to be rewritten some similar
organization would be necessary ia
give assured effect to the revised
document or TO any other international
understanding upon which the nations
OF the world 'cauld depend for the
maintenance Of Qeacs..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

On the larger map the
shaded area shows the Province
of Shantung, the white half cir
Gle on the southern side of the
Shantung peninsula shows the
neutral zone surrounding kiao.
chau, and the small black spot
on the bay shows the actual
territory of the kiao-chau pro-
tectorate itself.
The smaller map shows this
kiao-chau protectorate on
larger scale. As in the larger
map, the black area shows the
German territory now trans
ferred to Japan.
The area of Shantung is
about $4,000 square miles,
about the size of Illinois. Its
population is about 10000, 900.
The area of the neutral zone
is about $500 square miles,
about the size of Delaware. Its
population is about l 200, 900.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

The area of the protectorate
is about 200 square miles, with
a population of 10000. This
area is, roughly, that of the
boroughs of Queens, Brooklyn
and Manhattan.
In addition to the absolute
control of the kiao-chau dis.
trict and a certain measure of
control in the neutral zone. Ger
many owned outright the rail
road from Tsingtao to Tsinan,
capital of Shantung. This road,
27O miles in length, is the only
railway on the peninsula. Ger
many also obtained certain
preferential rights in the rich
mines of the peninsula. All
these rights pass to Japan un-
der the treaty of Versailles, as
set forth below. 1t is the con.
tention of China that these
rights give Japan virtual con.
troll of all Shantung.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

ing against the Shnntung surrender :?
''2. Was the Shantung concession
the price paid by you for Japanese
adherence to the league Of nations?
"3. Did not your State Department,
when you invited China to join the
United States in severing diplomatic
relations with Germany, either directly
or through the American Minister at
Peking or the Chinese Minister at
shington, assure the Chinese gov
eminent in your behalf that, IL 1t came
into the war, you wcuM use all your
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
Less PoeticaL Mr.. Taft

AS far as subject matter is con-
cerned, Mr.. Taft for several months
has been saying the same things, less
POLITICALLY, perhaps, but more cogently.
altogether it can we'll be said that
President Wilson made a beautiful DO
etc grafton, just about the same kind
he might have made year ago or the
kind Alfred Tennyson might have made
fifty years ago in explaining his the
DRY OF the parliament of man, but he
failed entirely to clear up the matter
of American sovereignty-how Ar
ticle x will operate. whether it will
be possible for the United Statea to
withdraw from the league or amend
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

The radical press has been par
ticularly incensed over the treat
ment Of China. "The Nation" for
merly strong supporter of the
President, puts these questions to
him:
Il. VIII you or will you not give out
the letters of General Bliss, Secretary
Lansing and Mr.. White protesting
again and again against the compro-
mises made by you without their pre-
vious knowledge or cooperation, and
specifically tho letter Of General Bliss,
conquered tn by the others, protest
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

regard to the evacuation Of Shantune
within q given time? Are such assur-
ances in the secret minutes Of the
council OF three Cor FOUR or are
they not7
49, What action did you take with
reference to the impudent Japanese
attempt to intimidate the Chinese DEL
egation at Paris into permitting Japan
to handle Chinese interests and when
this failed. to force the Picking gov
eminent to repMdiate its own deleea-
tiop At YAy1aT''
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

powers to protect China's territorial
rights in the peace treaty?
"a. Subsequently, when China de-
clared war against Germany-Austria
did you or did you not again make
such promises to China?
20. When you first urged China to
come into the war, were you aware
that the British, French, Russian and
Italian governments had made secret
agreements with Japan in February
and March, 1917, to support Japans
demands for tho cession of all rights
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

in Shantung? When did you first
learn of these secret agreements and
when. thereafter, did you notify China
of their existence? Or did you keep
her in ignorance
rs. In yielding to those secret agree
ments when they were finally disclosed,
did you or did you not sacrifice the
diplomatic honesty and the honor Of
the United States?
49, Did you or did you not obtain
oral promises in the council Of three
from the Japanese plenipotsntiery with
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

II ming any votes, seems to
have solidified the opposi-
ton and made reservations more
certain. Indeed, the hint has
already been given out by David
Lawrence, Of The Evening Post"
often mouthpiece of Mr.. Wilson's,
that the President will consent to
reservations. Says The Philadel-
phia North American" (Republi-
CAM, in reviewing the situation:
Although the making of changes by
a majority vote has long seemed in
evltable, partisans of the Administra-
ton have made incessant boast that
not single modification would be per-
mitted. They jeered at the suggestion
that reservations of American rights
could be applied to interfere with the
surrenders approved by the President
The Republican Senators cannot have
failed to OBSERVE said one Wilson
organ, that the peace conference COM
pletely ignored all their round-robins
and resolutions and speeches and dec
lamations in drafting the treaty,
whereas the league covenant was dras-
tically amended in response to those
demands
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
SHANTUNG
ARTICLE 1855

ERMANY in favor of Japan all her rights
and prvieges-particulary those concerning the
tory Of Kaochau, railways mines and submarine cables
which she acquired of the treaty by
with China March 1898 and of all other
tive to the province Of Shantung.
All German rights in the Tsngtao Tsinanfu Railway ncud
ing its branch lines together with its subsidiary property all
kinds stations shops fixed and rolling stock
material for the exploitation of the
acquired by together with rights privileges attach
ing thereto.
The German submarine cables from Tsinptao To
Shanghai and from Tsngtao Chefoo with rights
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

the covenant, how immigration and the
Panama Canal are to be kept from
foreign interference, how American
labor is to be protected from foreign
competition and so on"
The same idea is expressed in
The Boston Transcript" which
calls the address IAN essay in eva
sion" or an emotional poem IN
prose, the theme of which is Pro-
mote peace, prevent war"
Phrases Once More" is the title
Of an editorial in THE Kansas City
STAR:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

against this provision Of the treaty is
that it recognized the ACCOMPLISHED
fact, Japan having already by military
force ousted Germany from the entire
province of Shantung. Moreover, the
Japanese government has pledged itself
to restore to China the territory that
had been coded to Germany and is
transferred to Japan by the terms of
the treaty.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
The Shantung Treaty Terms
privileges and properties attaching similarly ACQUIRED
by Japan free and charges and incumbrances

privileges thereto similarly ACQUIRED
by Japan free and clear of all charges
ARTICLE 157
The movable property by the German
the territory Kao-chau as all the rights which
Germany might claim improve
ents made or of the incurred by her. directly
directly connection with this territory ACQUIRED
by Japan free and clear Of all charges ncubrances
ARTICLE 158
Germany shall hand three months from
the archives registers
plans title deeds every kind wherever thew
be- relating the administration, whether military
financial, judicial other the territory Kiaochau
Within the period Germany give particulars to
Japan OF all treaties relating
rights title or privileges referred in the preceding
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
The Senate Bitterly Debates
Japan's Position i'm This An
cient Chinese Province

"HE Shantung controversy has
suddenly come to the front
l. in the debate on the treaty
Of peace and has held the
centre Of the stage all week. 1t
has been debated heatedly in the
Senate, and Senator Johnson, of
California, has given it a prominent
phase in his series of speeches in
New England.
From present indications there
seems to be some probability that
the Senate will add a reservation
to this clause of the treaty to the
other matters as to which a clear
majority is at present counted in
favor Of reservations.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

of treaty Of peace
al follows:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20

A Murder Stirs Japan
The Story That Drives the Peace
Treaty From Nippon's First PAGES
On page 4
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
The Independent Tieac

On the other hand, the indepen-
dent opinion Of the country strongly
backs the Republican view. Says
THE Christian Science MONITOR:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-07-20
'hantung--The Worlds New Sore Spt
The Address to the Senate
Many Phrases, Fe,o Facts, Declare Republicans

TIME Presidents address to
the Senate, so far from win
Il ming any votes, seems to
La.-a
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09

from oversees, and is now enjoying
three good meals day at the home
of his father, A. 7. Greasy.
This community keenly felt the
loss Of Rev. Emerson McPeake, who
spent his boyhood days here. Dock,
as he was Familiarity known, was a
bright and promising young man,
who numbered his friends by his &C
quaintances. We extend our real,
profound sympathy to his many rela-
tives and to his bereaved wife,
R. E. Owen, 0hlan Reed and others
built two bridges on the good road
from this place to Lexington-near
Owen and Reeds farm. The big
tractor Is expected this week.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09

]. L. Essary, Darden, had failed
to grow red clover for years ON his
farm and had putt trying it. He used
lime end manure. He now has red
clover that is very profitable to him.
In addition to moving it the past
year he secured quite bit Of pasture
from il last winter. He now has the
promise of good cutting Of hay
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09
wAnaEN's BLUFF
E. J. McPeake ia reported on the

E. J. McPeake IL reported on the
sick list.
Clifford Sullivan was here Sunday,
the guest of relatives-and on social
business.
w. A. Bartholomew was in Mem
phis one day last week on business.
Little Coy McPeake has been indis-
posed since our last writing.
]. N. Wright and family have re-
turned to their home in Dyersburg.
after spending several days here and
at Decaturville, the guests OF rela-
tives.
Messrs Kennon Smith, James A.
Henry, H. H. Threadgill and John
w Potts were here last Wednesday
night fishing in the Beech River cam
al. They declare that members OF the
finny tribe must have been on a
strike or did not like their bait.
Our people had sore necks after SC
many air ships passing over last
week.
Mrs. S. f. Deere was in Lexington
Monday and bought new PAIR o.
glacces from DR.. Goblet. She say'
she can see good now.
Miss Jennie Lee Farrence, of JACK
son, is here on an extended visit Z
her cousin, Miss Jennie Lou Scates.
w. G. and H. L. Smith, of Lexing
ton. attended the burial Of Emerso
McPeake here last Wednesday.
Will T. McPeake and family. 9
Lexington, were weekend guests J
the home of w. J. McPeake, and VII
on Route
J. D. Helms and family and u.
Helms and family spent last Sunda
With Richard Robinson and wife ne'
Shady Hill, Sunday.
Mrs. R. A. McPeake and little so
R. A. Junior and daughter, Ida Ma
are the guest of Geo. Frazier Al
wife, near Jackson. Mrs. Frazier
in declining health.
James Joslin, of Lexington W
here one day last week on business
John Lindsey, of Route /, was nc
Saturday and traded horses with
]. McPeake.
The Warren's Bluff Base Ball Ct
is getting under way. The diamo
is being worked on and the mel
shout of play ball" will soon perr
ate the air. The club will not De
strong as usual as some of the D
talent is yet in the army.
Logan Greasy has returned nc
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09

On Saturday, the 18th day Of May,
a meeting will be held at one p. m.
in the courthouse in Lexington, for
the purpose of organizing a pure
bred Duroc Jersey Association for
the county, and also Poland China
Association. If you are interested in
breeding pure bred hogs of either
kind or are breeding them it Is to
your interest to be present and par
ticipate. The object Of both asso-
Citations will be the promotion of the
breeds and selling the products at
better prices.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09

]. A. Deere plans to sow soy beans
broadcast. We are not so sure
about this method of growing them
as we are where they are cultivated
The above mentioned farmer plans
to wait several days to sow his so
that they will be sure to grow as fast
as possible. Others have done well
by broadcasting so we may expect
him to do likewise.
The Lexington progress. (Lexington, Tenn.) 1884-current, 1919-05-09

When W. R. Hawks made his ad-
dress to the Lexington Sweet Pota-
to Growers Association in March, he
laid much emphasis on the value of
a firm bed to set the slips into. He
also urged the use of some method Of
cultivation which would not later dis
turb the firmness of the bed. The
one implement that he said should
be used only in case of necessity was
the scraper. This is mentioned for
the benefit of those who failed to
hear Mr.. Hawks.