The daily morning oasis. [volume] (Nogales, Ariz.) 1917-1920, 1919-11-30


penses, etc. This is an affair that all
the Agricultural Chambers must give
their attention to; having their in
vestigation committees and reports so
that every farmer could know in
minute what a carload or green peas,
for instance, would produce him at
any given city. That is, undoubtedly,
the road the farmer has to follow,
and in this form, in the western part
of the Republic, we have succeeded
in obtaining great improvement.
The State of Sinaloa, at the present
time, has in perspective tomato crop
of not less than 100000 cases with
a net value for the farmer of dol
lar and half per case. The tomato
planting produces, approximately, 800
cases per hectare; consequently, it is
more productive than corn. This
knowledge has been obtained with the
aid of study, organization and con-
slant contact with all the farmers of
said states.
"Garbanzos (chick-peas) in the
State of Sonora, were yielding profit
able returns to the farmers; but there
came year that a large crop and fl
nancial straits of the farmers,
brought the market to critical state.
There was what could be described as
veritable chaos, as the SPECTATORS
did not know what prices to offer and
farmers were at sea disposing of their
crops regardless of market conditions
and only fixing prices in accordance
with their most urgent need of funds
at the time. To remedy this, an as
ISOLATION of Garbahzo growers was
formed and at the time of the sales,
100000 one hundred kilo sacks were
sold at so cents Mexican money per
kilo f. o. b. at Southern Pacific of
Mexico railroad stations; whereas in
previous years, the highest prices OBJ
tanned had never reached 20 cents
per kilo.
consequently, we see that after
the experimental stations the investi-
cation committees are needed. The
first, will determine the proper kind
of soil that is required for each kind
of the products, and the second, to
find out the best markets.
"Here in Jalisco, see that the
orange is one of the fruits that are
more advantageously produced. From
Sonora we are exporting oranges to
Canada in great quantities.
"The third factor consists in the
tillage system. have seen with sor-
row that in all these states, tillage
of the soil is made with antique wood
en- plows. This kind of pillow has
great defects. First, that the work is
more wearisome, and second, that be-
ing deficient, it lessons the produc-
ton, etc. In Sonora and Sinaloa, per-
haps by the proximity of the United
States, not farmer uses that kind of
pillow, but modern implements, which
places farming in said states, as an
example for the rest of the states of
the Republic. have been a farmer
myself for fifteen years. At first l
used, like everybody, the wooden pillow,
but as soon as perceived it's deficien-
.cy, 1 substituted it with the John
Deere and finally I have been using
the disc pillow, which has been giving
better results in tillage Of all kinds
of soil.
"It is, therefore, absolutely indis-
pensable to attend to this factor that
is of the greatest Importance, and as
soon as all the agricultural work is
done in accordance with the latest
and modern improvement in agricul-
tural machinery, we will see that with
third part of the soil that we are
now employing we will have more
production with less expenses. So l
will close what we could name an
agricultural conference, insomuch as
the three principal factors have been
established and which will serve US
as a tripod to study our agricultural
problems on plane of progress that
could be more in accord with our
evolution. Now, I will talk to you
on the agrarian problem.
"I believe the agrarian problem ~
the mos Intricate one we have to
solve in our country, and at the same
time, the most difficult, for its appli-
cation and solution must vary with
conditions as found in the various Sec
lions of the country.
zone of the forms of solving the
agrarian problem is, undoubtedly, de-
velopment of small farming. In my
opinion, small farmers should be en-
couraged so as to obtain their i'm
provement and helping hand should