davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
German Socialist Organ
Asks Wage Basis Change

BERLIN. Aug 25 (By The Associated
Press) The "Vorwarts," the Socialist
organ, to-day prints a sensational
article on the approaching transport
crisis in connection with the coal output
and makes the following proposals
That workmen be paid according to the
actual work done by them, that work
men must be made to unders tand that
good pay is only obtainable in return
for good work, and that capable work
ers must be given the opportunity to
earn, by greater application to work
more than the amount represented by
a fixed scale.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

tended by Thomas i. Fenncu. csair.
man OF the upstate Commission. Nr
GrifFing testified that = committee 8
employees had been refused an sad,.
ence by the officials Of the road.
l.. S. Miller. president ot the ra.d
said they are now training $50 ~eu
to take the place of the strikers. Ia
reiterated the statement that TIE r.e1
are getting the same pav as the In.
terborough employees and thar fsy
demanded the same pay d. engineers
on steam railroads.
George s. Chamber. Of Tho fedsr.I
Board OF Mediation AND lonei5s. on
obtained from Mr. Miller the state'
ment that since 1912 tic pay Of rao'o,.
men has increased l55 per cen. nd
that Of conductors 14O per cent
Union employees Of The 3. r. VI
confer with Frederick Z. Royce. zen.
eral manager for Receiver liadles r.
Garrison. this Afternoon and disclss
the question Of wages and hours a,
provided for in the g. r. T. strike SET.
tlement. It was SAID by company of-
Gals that the demand OF IA rate ot
10 cents an hour probably VIII nor he
met by the B. R. 7. and that f the
men will not concede lower ra.s
the appointment OF third person 10
act as referee viii bo required
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
First Tasks Of Peace More
Diffiou ult Than Those Of War

can admirable spiri OF self sacri-
fee. of patriotic devotion, and of
community action guided and in
spired us while the fighting was
on We shall need all these now,
and need them III heightened de-
gree, il we are to accomplish the
first task as Of Deace. They are
more difficult than the tasks of war
more complex. less easily under
stood-and require more int Ii
gence, patience, and sobriety. We
modified our man power for the
Sighting, let us now mobilize our
brain power and our coNsciences
for the reconstruction. 1t We fail,
it will mean national disaster.
"The primary first step is to in
crease production and facilitate
transportation, so as to make up for
the destruction wrought by the war,
the terrible scarcities it erected.
and as soon as possible relieve our
people of the cruel burden of high
prices. The railways are at tho
centre of this whole process.
"The government has taken up
with all its energy the task Of
bringing the protiteer to book, max
ing the stocks of necessaries in the
country available at lowered prices,
stimulating production and faciitat~
ing distribution, and very favorable
results are already beginning to APP
pear. There is reason to entertain
the confident hope that substantial
relief will result. and result in in
creasing measure. A general increase
in the levels Of wages would check
and might defeat all this at its very
bcPinnirg. Such increases would in
evitably laise, not lower, the cost Of
living. Manufacturers and producers
Of every sort would have innumera-
BILE additional pretexts for increas-
ing profits, and all efforts to discover
and defeat profitesring would be
hopelessly confused
Believes Cost Of Living
Can Now Be Reduced
II believe that the present efforts
to reduce the cost of living will be
successful If no new elements of diff.
ficulty are thrown in the way; and I
confidently count upon the men en-
gagged in the service of the railways
to assist. not obstruct 1t is much
more in their interest to do this
than to insist upon wage increases
which will undo everything the gov
crnment attempts. They are good
Americans. along with the rest of us,
and may. | am sure, be counted on
TO see the point.
1T goes without saying that if our
efforts TO bring the cost of living
Gown should fail, after we have had
time enough TO establish either sue
cess or failure, it will of course be
necessary to accept the higher costs
Of living IS permanent basis of ad-
justment. and railway wages should
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
'Ee0tlep1eu.

<kE REQUEST that you lay this
critical matter before the
n men in new light The
vote they have taken was upon the
question whether they should in
sis. upon the wage increase they
were asking or consent to the sub
mission of their claims to a new
tribunal to be constituted by new
legislation. That question no longer
has any life in it, Such legislation
is not now in contemplation. | re-
quest that you ask the men to re-
consider the whole matter in view
Of the following considerations, to
which ask their Thoughtful atten-
tion as Americans, and which hope
that you will lay before them as
here state them.
"We are face TO face with situa-
ton which is more likely to affect
the happiness and prosperity, and
even the life. Of our people than the
war itself We have now cot TO
do nothing less than bring our in
dustries and our labor OF every kind
back to a normal basis after the
greatest upnenval known to history,
and the winter just ahead Of us may
bring suffering infinitely greater
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

be rcadjustod along with tho rest.
All that | am now urging is that we
should not be guilty of the inexcusa-
bic Inconsistency of making general
increases In wages on the assump-
tion that the present cost Of living
will be permanent at the very time
that we are trying with great conf
dcnce to reduce the cost Of living
and are able to say that is actually
beginning to fall.
Il am aware that railway employees
have II sense of insecurity as to the
future of the railroads and have
many misgivings as to whether their
interests will be properly safeguarded
when the present form Of Federal
control has come to an end No
doubt it is in part this sense Of un-
certainty that prompts them to insist
that their wage interests be adjusted
now. rather than under conditions
which they cannot certainly foresee.
But do not think that their un-
>"pi''\"H 10 NSli ONiOCI
II anticipate that Legislation deal
ing with the future of the railroads
Will, IN explicit terms, afford ade-
ouate protection for the interests of
the employees of the roads; but, quite
apart from that, it is clear that no
Legislation can make the railways
other than what they area great
public intcrest--and it is not likely
that the President Of the, United
States. whether in the possession
and control of the railroads or not.
Will lack opportunity or persuasive
force to influence the decision of
questions arising between the man.
ayers of the railroads and railway
employees The cmployc may rest as
sured that, during my term of office,
whether | am in actual possession of
the railroads or not, I shall not fail
to exert the full influence of the
Executive to see that justice is done
them
- believe, therefore, that they may
be justified in the confidence that
hearty cooperation with the govern
ment now in its efforts to reduce the
cost Of living will by no means be
prejudicial to their own interests.
but will. on the contrary, prepare the
way for more favorable and salts
factory relations in the future.
Il confidently count on their CO.
operation in this time Of national test
and CRISIS.
WOODROW WILSON,"
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

vigor and substantial hope of sue
cess, to reduce the high cost OF liv-
ing. And the increases in the cost
Of transporta which would neces-
wages Of railway emp~oyes would
more certainly and more imme date
ly have that effect than any other
enhanced wage costs Only by
keeping the cost of production on
its present level, by increasing pro
duction. and by rigid economy and
saving on the part of the people
cen we hone for large decreases in
TIE burdensome cost of living which
nov weighs US down.
The Director General of Rail
roads and f"have felt that a peculiar
responsibility rests upon us. because
in determining this question we are
not studying the balance sheets of
corporations merely, We are in CT.
feet determining the burden OF taxa
tion Which mus fail upon the
people of the country in general.
We are acting not for private cor
porations. but in the name of the
government and the public. and
must assess our sponsibility ac-
cord.ngly. For it is neither wise
nor feasible 10 take care OF IN
creases in the wages of railroad
employees at his time by increases
in freight rates. 1t is impossible at
this time, until peace has come and
normal conditions are restored, to
estimate wha the earning capacity
of the railroads will be when
ordinary conditions return.
There is no certain basis, there
fore, for calculating what the in
creases of freight rates should be
and it is necessary for the time be-
ing at any ratet to take care of all
increases in the wages of railway
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
Elliott Asks
25% Increase
OF Rail Rates
Northern Pacific President
Says Carriers Must Have
Their Relief When Feder-
al Control of Roads Ends
Says Men Oppose Strike
Effect of Higher Charges on
Living Costs Has Been
Exaggerated, He Declares
Says Men Oppose Strike

WASHINGTON, Aug. %. - Increase
of at least 25 per cent in railroad rates,
provided there are no more wage in
creases or higher material costs, will
be necessary when the carriers are re-
turned to private operation, the House
Interstate Commerce Committee was
told to-day by Howard Elliott, prcsi-
dent of the Northern Pacific Railroad
"Woud 25 per cent increase solve
the problem for the whole country ?"
asked Representative Sims, Democrat,
of Tennessee
"l think it would" responded Mr.
Elliott, adding that he preferred the
rate increase to the continued payment
of the government guaranteed COM
pensation. New England roads. he as
serted, were in bad shape and we're
not earning the government guaran-
teed compensation.
Asked if 25 per cent increase IN
rates would hamper business or in
crease the cost of living, Mr.. Elliott
replied that the effect. in his opinion.
had been exaggerated, but he did not
want to give the impression that it
would have no effect on living costs
generally.
In advocating wage legislation Mr..
Elliott said: "Let the wives of the
men vote on the strike; they are the
most affected The great majority of
railroad employees, he said, did not
want to strike, and he urged some
Legislation for the adjustment Of dis
pntes. He suggested that labor unions
be required to incorporate and lie
reports like business corporations, and
that employees be compelled to serve
notice before quitting work.
Alba 3. Johnson. OF Philadelphia,
former president of the Baldwin Lo-
comotiye Works. urged the prcserva-
tion of the Interstate Commerce Com
mission as a judicial body. He APP
pcared before the committee as spokes-
man Of the Railway Business Associa-
ton, an organization Of manufacturers
of railway supplies.
MIR. johnson advocated creation of a
Federal transportation board to certify
TO the commission the amount of rev
enuc necessary in the public interest
He predicted that if authority over the
amount Of revenue wero left TO the
commission 1t would bring on govern
ment ownership in ten years, if not ~
five
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
Pittsburgh Mob Stops
attempt 10 Ran Cars

PITTSBURGH, Aug. 25.-Aftcr the
first three cars they operated We're
stoned and one wrecked in downtown
street, the receivers Of the Pittsburgh
Railways Company gave up their etior
late to-day to break the strike of 3 600
motornen and conductors. which has
tied up trolley transportation here for
the last eleven days.
More than score OF persons we're
injured III rioting which broke out as
soon as the cars left the barns Sev-
eral persons were hit by shots fred bv
rioters, who followed the cars IN auto
mobile trucks. Many arrests were
mazda
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
/. r. T. " age Increase
Beat Lirissg Cost Jump

The present day wages an hour ZOE
the operating employees OF tae Inter
borough Rapid Transit Company SHOW
that the ratio Of pay increase has gone
20 per cent ahead of the Increase a
the cost of living.
Based on official rates submitted b.
the Interborough yesterday Tie hourly
rate for motormen, conductors and
guards amounts 30 an avcraoe ircrease
Of 1i6 per cent of the rates psls he
men in July. 1911. Figure u Dams
Price Index show that the cos a. nv
ing has increased q lt.e less thar e5
per cent during the cores spondmg
period.
In 1914 the motormen received sl5
cents an hour. the conductors o. cents
and the guards 2s cents The motor
man now is paid 70 cents, an increase
OF nos per cent: the conductor IS
cents, an increase Of 11l.5 Pc cent: thr
guard 80 cents, an increase Of i2s Pc
cent.
These figures include the eecent IS
per cent advance which the lnterbo.
ough made es partial settlement or
the subway and "L" strikes which tci
up Manhattan. The brotherhood en-
ployes still have pending the 4gest.o4
OF an additional p per gent
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

n
principal classes.
"The main contention Of the shop en-
nloyes,' says Mr.. Hines. SIS that their
demands are just because Of the rates
paid IN the shipyarts, navy yards and
aresansl. The basic rate III the slip
ward was 80 cents at the time the
shopmen presented their demands, and
an increase effective October l next
has Just been made in an agreement (to
which the government was in no way
party between the employees and the
shipbulders on the Pucihc Coast.
Affer the most careful consideration |
can see no escape from The conclusion
that The rates paid in the shipyards
cannot he adopted as measure for
the rates TO be paid in the railroad
shops"
Not Proper Comparison
Mir. Hines points out several reasons
why, in his opinion. railway men are not
automatically entitled to the same rate
Of pay as that given to shipyard work
ers. lie calls attention to the fact
that shiDyard workers are concentrated
III large centres Of population, where
the cost of living is exceptionally high.
he also contends that shipbuilding, as
a temporary industry stimulated by
the war, annot be ompared with such
steady industry as the railroads.
Mr. Hines says on the question Of
the nigh cost of living:
THE further claim is made that the
cost OF living has increased. In let
ter Of August 5. 1919, signed by the
executives Of the six railroad shopmen's
organizations, and also by the execu-
tives OF the eight other organizations
of telegrahers, maintenance of ways
men o.erks, the proposition is laid
down that railroad employees are en-
titled to compensation which will. at
least. reestablish the pre-war pur-
chasing power of their wage.
"The way to reGstablish the pre-war
purchasing power of wages is to re-
duce the cost of production and not
to increase it.
Would Arrest Great Work
The government is now taking Wig
orous steps to reduce the cost of liv-
ing and meeting with gratifying prog
ress. This great work would be ar
rested if not defeated through the
present adoption of the policy of NOV
ing up wages so as to reflect fully
what is probably the very topnotch Of
the high cost of living. Such a move
ment would tend to increase still
further the cost Of living and injure
every workingman as we'll as every
other person in this country.
Il therefore believe it would be un-
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
Los angeles Rail Men
Ordered Buck 10 ~ ork

ASHlNGTON. Aug. Trainmen,
enEinemen and yardmen on government
controlled railroads at Los Angeles
who recently went on strike in SYM
pAthy with the striking employees of
the Pacific Electric, which is NOS under
government control. nave been ordered
to return tc work, according to a state
ment to-day by the railroad admins
tration.
Union officers advised Director Cen
eral Hines that the strike was due to
i misunderstanding and that positive
Instructions have been given that the
men comply with their agreements with
the railroads.
at is therefore expected,' Mr.. Hines
said, that the men will return to work
az soon as these instructions can he
placed before them by their local rep
reScntativcs."
CLEVELAND, Aug. 25-instructions
TO carry out their contracts were sent
to members of the fremens, train
mems and engineers brothertoods on
the Pacific Coast late TO day, according
to Warren S. Stone, head of the loco
motive engineerss
1--WE have instructed our members
to perform their usual duties and carry
out their contracts,' said Mr.. Stone,
"but under no circumstances to do the
work of or take the place Of strikers.
"Neither will they be required to
work if their life is endangered
through mob violence"
LOS ANGELES, Aug. 25~-The strike
Of switchmen, yardmen, ahopmen and
trainmcn that virtually has isolated
Southern California for four days had
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
Appeals to People
To Sustain Government

81 appeal to my fellow citizens OF
every employment to cooperate in in
sisting upon and maintaining such
truce, and to oooperS'o also in sus-
tanning the Government n what
conceive to be the only cours, which
conscientious public servants ran
pursue. Demands unwisely made md
passionately insisted upon at this
time menace the peace and prosper
ity Of the country rs nothing else
could, and thus contribute to bring
about the very results which such
demands are Intended to remedy.
"Therc is, however, ono claim made
by the railway shopmen which ought
tc be met. They claim that they are
not enjoying the same advantages
that other railway employees are en-
joying because their wages are cal
culatcd upon a different basis. The
wages of other railway employees are
based upon the rule that they are to
receive for eight hours work the
same pay they received for the long
ey workday that WAS the usual
standard Of the prc-war period. This
claim il. am told, we'll founded
and concur in the conclusion OF the
Director General that the shopmen
ought to be given the additional four
cents ar hour which the readiust-
mcnt asked for Will justify. There
are certain other adjustments, also,
pointed out in the report of tho Di-
rector General which ought in fair
ness to be made. and which will be
made.
LET me add, also. that the position
which the COVE rnment must in con-
science take against general ;n-
crcases in wage levels while the
present exceptional and temporary
circumstances exist Will of course
not preclude the railroad admins
tration from giving prompt and care
ful consideration to any claims that
may be made by other classes of
employees for readjustments believed
to be proper to secure impartial
treatment for all who work in the
railway service.
"WOODROW WILSON.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

not been affected tonight by the
orders from the chiefs of the "Big
Four" brotherhoods for their striking
members here to return to work.
Strike leaders declined to comment
officially on the orders which Warren
S. Stone, chief of the Brotherhood Of
Locomotive Engineers. said had been
issued. 1t was stated, however, the
men would not return to work "until
every Pacific electric trainman had
been taken back"
Not a train moved into or out of Los
AnpclcS to-day
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
employees through appropriations

employees through appropriations
from the public treasury.
"In such circumstances il seems
clear to me, and believe will seem
clear to every thoughtful American,
including the shopmen themselves
when they have taken second thought,
and to all wage earners Of every
kind, Mat wo ought to postpone
questions of this sort until normal
conditions come again and we have
the opportunity for certain calcula-
tion as TO the relation between
wages and the cost of living. 1t is
the duty Of every citizen of the cour-
try to insist upon q truce in such
contests until intelligent settlements
can be made. and madc by peaceful
and effective common counsel.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
Hines Analy~es
Sh0}}n1en s Demand
Says Comparison With
|Yages OF Workers in
.shipyards Is Un{air

With the Presidents statements the
recommendation Of Director General
Walker D. Hines. upon which the
President based his conclusions, were
also made public. Mr.. Hines stated
the demand Of the shopmen as follows
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26
The Reply TO the Shopnnen
Nr- Wilson Counts Upon Seruice Of
Rnil,coy Men to Assist Reconstruction

The Presidents statement TO the raUoy employees depart
Naent Of the American Federotion Of Labor
New-York tribune., 1919-08-26

than the war brought upon us if We
blunder or fail in the process
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1919-07-25
CHURCH NOTICE

Williamsburg Methodist Episcopal
Church-Sunday school at 10 a. m;
open air service at Sis p m. This
will be a special service. Music is
being arranged for which all will wish
to hear.
Webster Methodist Episcopal Church
Another talk on the Centenary cele-
bration will be given at the ga. m.
service. Sunday school at 10 a. nj.
Quarterly meeting will be held at
Greensboro Tuesday, July 90, at 500
p. m. r. NJ Morris, Pastor
Greensboro Methodist Church-Sun-
day school at 80 O'Clock Church
services at 1870 O'Clock, the Rev.
Robert Morris of Williamsburg in
charge.
Christian Church-Sunday school at
$50 o'clock; church services at 10: 80
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1919-07-25
SPECIAL RECIPES

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butter crackers, one-half pound marsh
mallows, one bottle maraschino cher
ries.
Put whole marshmallow on each
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put on paper to cool. This will make
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Surprise Gems-Three cups of flour,
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one and one-half cups milk, one tea
spoon lard or butter, one-eighth tea
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Stir up well and when ready fol-
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bottom of gem pan, making a depres
sion in center of batter. Into this put
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when baked It will be a surprise t.
find the filling. Chopped dates
raisins or figs may also be used.) Fine
for lunches, as they keep moist
Frozen MarshmaIow Pudding -
Place in a saucepan, two and one-hal
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Stir until dissolved and then brin.
to boil and cook slowly for five min