davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-19
Belgian Gaiety Survives the War Bu
France IL Sad.


Belgium, which has been called
"the rnartyred nation" is not so thor.
orughly ravaged. nor Is the spirit OF
tho people so downeast, as is the case
with France, especially with France
In those northern provinces that met
the German invasion, writes Karl b.
Lamb. a former American officer who
was attached to the board named by
the Peace conference to Investigate
industr nj war-damage in both coun-
tries. He found Belgium, by the large
in rather gay mood. while France.
even the portions OF 1t which had not
been converted into ruins by German
ruthlessness was far from cheerful.
AS for the material damage. he re-
ports that Belgium has been far more
lucky than her neighbor to the south.
A recent issue OF the New York Even
Ing Post carries his personal interpre-
tation of conditions in the two coun-
tries shortly after the end of the war.
In January he WAS appointed to the
American Commission to Negotiate
Peace as a member of the Industrial
Damage board. and shortly after
wards found himself in Belgium as as
sstant chief Of the International Sec
tion OF the Belgian Mission. Tho
party to which he was attached ar
rived In Brussels to find 1t "a city of
gaiety." he writes: tta
Hotels and cafes were crowded with
people OF all descriptions; English.
Canadian, and Belgian officers and
men were everywhere, while music.
dancing and drinking kept up until
early morning every day in the week.
As members of the American Peace
Commission we soon met many Of the
best Brusseloise, and they did their
utmost to make our stay pleasant.
Indeed. hardly a night passed without
dance or entertainment of some
kind.
At that time an American officer !
was something of a curiosity in Brus-
sells but toward the end of our visit |
this gaiety became less hectic" In |
fact, the Belgian people have passed |
through three distinct stages since
the armistice. First, state of exuber
ant happiness caused by their sudden
freedom and the return of their army
and King: Secondly, a period of de-
preston when they found that pros
perity did not Immediately knock at
their door: and thirdly. a feeling of
to take up the work of
again building their industries and
reconstructlng their homes.
In travelling through France and Bel
glum one notices Immediately the dif-
ference in the attitude of the people.
France is far from gay; she can not
be. for, as we know, the nation has
lost about 100000 men, over fifty
per cent OF Its youth-men between
the ages OF twenty-one and thirty-one.
on the other hand, has not
lost the same comparative percentage
When the German Army first swarm
ed through Belgium 1t travelled so
quickly that Belgium did not have
time to mobolize as completely as did
France and England, with the result
hat the army driven across the from
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-19

, llshed In the more southern DEPART
ments. In August, 1914, only thirty
four per cent of the prcwar employees
were at work In France. This shows
how greatly mobilization first affect
ed industries. In July. 1917, there
were more employees at work than
before the war started. even tho the
greatest part of the nations man
power was in the field.
This is all the more remarkable
when we consider that the factories in
the invaded area represented about
thirty per cent. of the industrial out
put OF France and that the invaded
departments have furnished by far
the greatest percentage of her iron
ore. pig iron. and steel, coal, sugar,
and textiles.
LucklIuy IL was found that fairly
accurate estimate of the damage due
to the war could be obtained by COW
ering a rather small percentage of the
plants. inasmuch as most of the capt
tai invested was contained in a mi.I-
ority of the factories.
1--WE have heard much of "devas-
fated Belgium writes Mr.. Lamb,
but it can de definitely stated that
the material damage in Belgium is
very much less than the world has be-
lieved." He gives some reasons for
German partiality as between French
and German Industrial establish
ments
French Industries were affected
much more seriously. as Germany,
through hatred of the French and the
fact that she did not expect to hold
much of the country, systematically
wrecked everything possible. on the
other hand, she expected to retail
Belgium. and if only for selfish rea-
sons had little desire to destroy her
potentialities beyond the re-
moval of certain machinery and other |
things she needed to carry on the war. |
Many Belgian factories were rum
ming continuously from 1914 to 1913. |
For example, candy and sugar (manu-
factured from sugar. beets) were OBJ
Iainable in Brussels in January in |
quantity, but 1t was inn
possible to obtain them In Paris; and
IN another example. the chemical |
ilants in Belgium had been in opera
len under German supervision. The
General manager of the largest chemi-
al firm in Belgium said. in answer to
ny question as to what material dam
lge they claimed: Captain, we can
lain no material damage (degats
daterieis) whatever. We wefe ia
'peration duxring the entire four
ears of German occupation"
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-19

In fact, in my opinion, no more
serious mistake could be made than
to indulge ina buoyant feeling of Sc
curity for the expansion of American
Industries If such feeling of security
is chiefly based upon the future de-
mands of our Allies.
This important point should be
brought to the attention of our over
optimistic business men. who may not
be informed at first hand regarding
actual conditions. The statement
does not imply that there is not an
immediate world demand for certain
goods and raw materials, but rather
that careful study should be made
OF. the conditions of foreign industry.
labor and finance.
Another point of importance
strengthening this belief, and a point
perhaps not generally known in this
country, is that both France and Bel
gium look with feeling of antipathy
and almost Of horror upon any great
influx of foreign products, with the
corresponding outpouring of capital.
France in particular, would rather
go slowly and carry or reconstruc-
tion as far as possible herself with her
own labor than suddenly to cast her
money broadcast into foreign markets
while her labor is idle. her returned I
soldiers are looking for work, and her !
finances are at a low ebb. Such a
condition would do much to bring on /
social disorder. In fact the French |
Government some time ago took de- /
finite steps to prevent this condition. (
step net difficult to understand when I
we consider that the year of 1917 and /
1918 alone showed an unfaSorable
balance of trade of about 33,0OO,00O,-
600 francs.
Some interesting facts were brought
to light in talking to business men in
France and Belgium. The great ma
jority feel that they have spent
enough money in America, and are I
apt to look upon us as nation of /
great potentiality, but one more or less
money
French business men are rather I
conservative in their methods in that
they like to do business in the way to 4
which they are accustomed. and pre-
fer to deal in their own units (such. II
for instance, as the metric system of 4
measurement These may seem
small points but they are some OF
hose little things which may do so
much to make or mar business rela-
ions.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-19

two to three times the prewar cost of
the same items the exact figure de-
pending on the industry under consi-
deration. Then, also, the economic as
well as the material damage had to
be considered. To my mind this
economic damage is by far the grea-
ter Of the two. IL an organization is
intact its factory can be destroyed
without producing as serious an effect
as II the organization itself were dis
banded and its customers lost, be-
cause a new factory can be built and
the organization again go to work.
This dispersion of organizations took
place to a large extent in both France
and Belgium and has produced a ra-
ther serious condition of disorganiza-
tion.
However, it is remarkable fact that
France met the adverse conditions
suddenly imposed upon her by the ad-
vance of the German armies over her
Industrial center with great intelli-
gence courage. and foresight and
many industries were quickly reestab-
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-19

This condition was much more pre-
valent than we had thought possible,
Only a small part of Belgium was
actually in the war-zone, and this part
contained very few large factories.
The material damage due to shell-fire
cnly occurred during the first week
or ten days of the German advance.
and then only in a few isolated spots
and in small amount. The division of
the idemnity imposed upon Germany
gives a clear idea of the difference be-
tween Industrial damage in France
and Belgium. The latter is to receive
only one-eig'hth as much as France.
In taking material from Belgium
the Germans used three methods of
requisition. The first was to pay in
cash for material taken. Knowing
the Boche as we do. it is not surpriz-
ing that this method was not popular.
The second method was to give a re-
ceipt for the material showing the
value, quantity, and other details. The
greatest amount was taken in this
way. The third method was to confis-
cate directly. This method. as far
as | could judge, was used only where
material has been hidden by the Bel
CLANS with the hope of saving il, ex-
cept in the case of certain products
desired for the immediate use of the
army during the first month or two
of the war.
But even acquisitions were not as
great as had been reported, for dur
ing the last years of the war Ger
many hypocritically tried to change
public opinion; but be it to the over
lasting credit of the Belgian people
that they did not swallow this hypo-
crisy even when 1t was rammed down
their throats in typical German man
ner.
At the time I was in Belgium the
country was suffering from a very
serious labor situation. and from di-
rect accounts / have received this con-
dition has not improved much. 1t
should be realized that the Belgian
people are only beginning to recover
form the first exuberance caused by
their relief from the German yoke,
and that while there is plenty of la
Dor available there is still a great
amount of work to be done in eff
ciently distributing that labor and
caring for it until the country is again
in a better financial condition. The
| Belgian working classes seemed rather
dazed. They are not going back to
| the war-zone in any numbers, for
they can get no supplies there. but
are living In cities and towns in the
interior, where they often become
| a burden upon the Government or
their neighbors.
| These facts, according to the writer,
make it plain that American manufac-
ttirers ''must not make the mistake
Of overestimating future business op-
portunities in Europe He contin-
ues: Es..4
$SaEE II
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17

manufacture of flour locally which will be used in breadmaking by Fairbanks bak- ierS and families which are able to secure it.
 Sizing up the agricultural industry of the interior country, Dr. Gcorgcson de- clares: "The situation with reference to agriculture in Alaska is becoming more promising every year" On the other hand Bishop Rowe, who made about the same trip as Dr. GeOrgeson declares that no pros poets are visible. Both of these men can mot be correct. One of them has made a mistake.
 Under other circumstances, say that pr. Georgeson had invaded the realm of the church and attempted to pass upon some question of doctrine, something par ticularly in the field in which the bishop occupies so emminent a position, if he should propose to set his judgment against that of the bishop, we do not hesitate to say that we would accord the latter the best of the matter. We have a high and kindly regard for Bishop Rowe as man and churchman, but as consulting farmer we fear that he does not shine so brightly and The Citizen knows that Dr. GcorgcSon s statements regarding interior Alaska farm ing is more nearly correct than that which the bishop of Alaska is credited with hay ing made. And even the statement of the former errs by being too conservative
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17
HOW THE FARMER VIEWS US

The Citizen this morning reprints an interview with Dr. c. c. Georgeson, in charge of Alaska government experiment stations, which recently appeared in the Juneau Empire, following a trip that the doctor made thru the interior. There isn t much in it that the people of the district are not already aware of, but the striking contrast between the things of which Dr. Georgeson speaks and those which Bishop Rowe's interview, as reprinted in yester- days issue of The Citizen, makes it worth while to read.
 The bishop it will be remembered "could see no farming prospects in the Tanana valley region" Dr. Georgeson not only found them, but he tells what they are He found as fine wheat and oats being grown in the Panama valley as can be pro- duced anywhere; he finds that Panama val ley wheat a variety produced by expert mentation, will be used extensively in the
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17
NO VIOLENCE NECESSARY

The warning to immigrants contained in the speech of Attorney General Palmer at Lafayette college Wednesday night that the use of force as means to obtaining their desires will not be tolerated by the people of America is timely. In fact it is question of whether or not there are not a few radical minded Americans who should be given a like notice.
 In the past there has been more or less friction between certain so-called groups in American life. but violence as represented by the anarchists side of the matter has been for the most part lacking and where 1t has occurred it has met with summary punishment Even this friction results in economic loss. It represents differences between labor and capital sometime in one form other times ill another.
 But we stand for it, muddle thru it, in stead of getting together and having the will of the majority enacted on rational lines It seems to be regarded as kind of a sporting proposition which appeals to the average American more than a safe and sane way of accomplishing the common good.
 But there is place where the line should be drawn and that is where force is employed. When labor, or any other group, left wing socialists, parIor bolsheviks, or anyone else, tries to stand up the country and choke it into submission, under the threat of using violence, it is time to call a halt
 When Lloyd George asserted that the British unions attitude in the recent trans portation strike in England was pure "Prussianism" he had the right of the matter. It was an attempt at government by force The unions believed that they had the power to get what they wanted whether or not the country, the majority of English men, thOt it best or not, and they preceded to make use of that power.
 Under the present system as applied to industry, the close organization and alli- ance of capital interests, labor unions are necessary But if they have developed to point where they consider the use of force legitimate in the accomplishment of their ends, they are sure to fall down.
 The American railroad workers ap- proach close to the borderland of govern. ment by force when they say unless their plan of government ownership of railroads is accepted they will paralyze the traffic of the country However much one may favor government ownership of such utili- ties, the attitude of the workers cannot be approved,
 ''The ways of democracy are open. Mo- body but a fool or a madman thinks he must break down the door"
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17
UNITY AS ESSENTIAL IN PEACE AS
 IN WAR
(By Dr. Frank Crane.)

AIult l lultll, lllSll ' NollllillNNloutI IOI Franco American War Matters in a speech recently delivered in Paris, uttered one sentiment that ought to be pIacardcd ill seven-foot letters
 CD in the Congress and Senate Cham- bers of the United States.
 CD upon the walls of every factory, business house. shipping office and news paper sanctum, and
 (3) in a conspicuous place wherever a Labor Union meets.
 This is his utterance; he speaks of France, but his words are no less applica- ble to Great Britain and America:
 "We achieved our victory by the con- stant effort of the whole nation reaching for an object, and we shall earn our pokc by the same effort The invasion of our territory brot about the unity of all with out discussion and the unanimous feeling of the nation is necessary to win peace'
 There 1t is in a nutshell.
 War, with all the hell and waste and madness it brot, brot also one thing that was an inestimable blessing, to-Wit:
 NATIONAL UNITY.
 We suffered, we feared, we sacrificed, but at least we Got Together as never be- fore in our communal life.
 And so in spite of wars terrific drain we prospered.
 Now, peace having come, we fall to quarreling like Kilkenny cats.
 Angry, narrow, selfish Senators play pot-house politics while hundred million people await their action.
 Every group of workers, from scrub woman to actors, stop production and go to altercation.
 During the war everybody applauded when the Flag was shown in the movie or Uncle Sam's name was mentioned on the platform.
 Now it would seem the old gentleman and his bunting have hardly a friend left
 Will Peace do what War could not, achieve our ruin?
 While War united all in brotherly love, and millionaire and pauper, capitalist and laborer, high and low, kept step to the beat of the drum, and marched on to miracles of achievement, are we going to break up into a tangled mob and fall to scratching out each others eyes, when Peace attunes her pipes?
 What fools we are How stupid and still medieval minded!
 For Patriotism is not thing for War alone it is twice needed in Peace
 Patriotism simply means the abating of selfishness for the Common Good
 We have before us such an opportunity as no people ever had in the annals of time Prosperity, riches, the leadership of the world is in our grasp.
 But do we think we can gain the prize if we all give way to a debauch of selfish ness and contention?
 The Unity, the Idealism, the sense of the Common Good, we had during the war is ten times more needed now
 We muSt Get TOUather ar poricb
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17

Father-Joe, why do you suppose that old hen persists in laying in the coal yard? Joe-Why, father, l think she has seen the notice, Now is the time to lay in your coal"
The daily Alaska citizen., 1919-10-17

SUBSCRIBE FOR THE CITIZEN.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-06-26
STRAJK MIESJKI SZERZY
SIE.
Woznice przy,aczyli sic do zamia
taczy ulic.

taczy ulic.
Fala strajkowa obejmuje coraz
to. .szeIsze-IsSta~fanleeSe eSeferynssy
miejskich. Ottawa, il ME bedzie
i'm udzielona zadana podwyzka
plac, jest powodem, IL coraz to
wiecej uni pracownikow miej--
skich albo juz czynny protest W
zycie wprowadziso, albo taklm
protestem grozi.
Do strajku $500 .zamiataczy
ulic i wywozicieli odpadkow, -
trwajacego cd onegdaj, przyfaczy
10 sic 1900 woznicow i szoferow
zatrudnionych przez miasto lub
przy robotach miejsklch. Liczoa
strajkujacych obecnie wynosi
s,64O ludzi.
w zwiazku powyzszeml wy
darzeniami zanotowac nalezy
take re 500 klerkow, nalezacych
do uni Office Employees Assn"
przeslalo do zarzadu miejskiego
i rady miejskiej zadania o wyz-
sze place; re lekarze i inni funk
cyonaryusze miejskiego deparra-
mentu zdfowia takze podobne "a
dania do wladz miejskich przesta
Ii; ze czynione So staran,a wyN~o-
lania niezadowolenia wsrod poll
cyantow i strazakow, poniewaz
ME otrzymali zadanych podwyzek
W pIacach; i re wreszcie wed4ug
oswiadczenia szofera miejskiego
departamentu elektrycznego moz
liwosc strajku pracownikow elek
trycznych ME jest wykluczona.
Sytuacye gnatwa take ME
porozumienie pomiedzy burn.
Thompson'em a kornitetem finan-
sowym z Iona rady miejskieJ, =
.CzIonkowie. ostatniego podnosza
zar1uty, re BURN. Thompson "a
checal strajkierow do zadania
wyzszych plac, a obecnie ko-
mitetem finansowym nfc wspo:
pracuje celem zaspokojenia tych
zadai.
Ogolne przejrzenie budzetu
miejskiego okazuje sic konieczne.
Azeby zaspokoit zadania rozmai-
'tych funkcyonaryuszy miejskich,
komitet finansowy zmalszony jes,
obciac fundusze pewnych blur
miejskich, wlaczajac policye !
straz pozarna, a nawet zupeinle
wyeliminowac aproqryacye ma
dywizye moralnosci, ktora jest
pod drugim asystentem szefa
policyi
Strawberry oswiadczyli, ze ME.
wroca do piracy, dopoki ME O.
trzymaja zobowiazania ma pis-
mie il komitet finansowy udzieh
i'm zadanych podwyzek.
Tymczasefn. smieeia gromadza
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-06-26
z OBRAD MAD BUDZETEM
MIEJsKIM; WYZSZE PLACE
OLA POLICYANTOW
.IsAIARA - EF-Nf'

X 4 -NNE1z<<9 > -
Komitet finansowy Iona rady
miejskiej wczoraj uchwali} reko-
mendowac W budzecie miejskim
place w sumie $l700. rocznie dla
policyantow i strazak6w miej-
skich.
; Komitet stara sic opracowac
budzet w granicach miejskich do
chodow. ktore sa obliczone W
roku biezacym ma $31, 1,Sf5,OO0, ia
ko rezultat podwyzszenia raty po
datkowej przez Legislature stal.o-
wa do Sis.
Gdyby legislature podwyzszy,a
rate do $2.35,, policyantom stra
zakom podwyzszonoby place do
$l,740 rocznie.
Jednakowoz uchwalona przez
komitct plaza jest bardzo przy-
zwoita, gdyz jest nawet $50 wyz
sza cd placy, kt6ra pobieraja ci
sami funkcyonaryusze miejscy W
Nbwym Yorku.
Komitet achwaii takze reko--
mendowac podwyzszenie plac
klerkow, stenografistow buchal-
terow, zatrudnionych przez mia
sto, o $500 rocznie. Podwyzki o.
trzymaja tylko stall pracownicy,
podlegli ustawie siuzby cywilnej.
Tymczasowi pracownicy i tacy,
kt6rzy tylko ma 90 dni zostali mia
nowani, ME otrzymajs podwyzek.
Wszystkie podwyzki wchodza W
zycie Cd dnia 1go styoznia b. r.
Place detektywow sierzantow
podwyzszono ST 500 do ST $50
rocznie. Scranton policyjnym,
tax patrolowym, jak biurowyn,
dano $500 wiecej, poruoznlkom,
$500, kapitanom policyjnym
$500. Pierwszy asystent szefa po-
licyi Alcock otrzyma $500 rocz-
ME wiecej. Komitet zniosl stano-
wiska tymczasowych poruczni-
kow detektywow starszych (se-
nior) detektyw6w sieHzantow.
w departamencie stray ognio-
wei dano maszynistom $l30 WIG
cej, tt. podwyzszono i'm place z
$l78s do $3.50; porucznikom pod
wyzszono $l,SO0 do $2,100, ka-
pitanom $500 do $2,4O0 a
szefom batalionow 5000 do
$500.
Department prawniczy prosil
o $4,000, z czego $4,000 mialo
bye przeznaczone dla specyalne-
go adwokata miejskiego c. E.
Clevelanda, ktory kieruje walka
przeciw wyzszej opfacie tramwa-
jowej. Komitet przeznaczyi depar
tamentowi tylko $35,O00.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-06-26
GLosY oPOZYCYI PRE-
CIV PODPISANIU TRAK-
TATU.

Berlin, 26. czerwca. - w ME-
mieckiej prasie W koiach militia
ryst6w odzywaja sic slime giosy
opozycyi przeciwko podpisaniu
traktatu pokojowego. Niepotwier
dzone pogioski donosza nawet, ze
feldmarszalek Hindenburg zrezy-
gnowai ze stanowiska naczelnego
wodza armii, ktora ma bye zda--
MIA, IL podyktowane przez Allan
tow warunki uwiaczaja jej homo
rowi
Prasa berlinska coraz otwarciej
zaczyna sic odzywac. ze Niemcy,
aczkolwiek pokoj podpisza, wa
runkow lego nigdy ME wypelnia,
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-06-26
Z Blura lIsieurulaglcznsgs.

wsch6d slofca o goddnie 6:16.
Zach6d sIOica godzinie S:29.
Pogoda W. Chicago 1 okolicy. Po--
godnie dis jutro. Niewiele zmian
W temperature. Lagodny 1 umiar-
kowany wiatr, przewaznie p6lnOcno-
wschOdni.
r
Temperature dOby minionej; Nal
wy5sza wczoraj o godzinie 8 popo-
hdniu IS stopni, najni5szs godzi-
ME 9 rano. Il stoPni.