davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1919-12-17
Scale as Proposed.

supplementary Drle1S were present.
ed by the following: w. A. Taylor,
biological sciences; pnysics. e. C. Crit
tenden and G. A. Hill; James Rob-
ertson, mathematics; H. c. Ayers. as
tronomy; C. C. Clarke. meteorology;
w. c. Mendenhall and David White.
geology; r. c. Tolman and C. l.. Par
sons. chemistry; Bertram McCullom,
architectural engineering; F. NJ. Hiatt,
civil engineering; w. T. Norton, ma
rine engineering; J. O Lewis. cleo
trical engineering; H. S. Graves. for
estry; F. ]. Keppel. educational ad-
ministration and research; S. Franz.
medical science and nursing: Thomas
Ewing, w. A. Kinnan and E. Z. Hen
w natents. Mechanical and mining
enpineering also were heard.
Social science and statistical science
workers will be heard before the COM
mission at $3.50 O'Clock tomorrow
and Missouri avenue. and applied So
ciaI science workers at o'clock pm
Evening star., 1919-12-17

TONIGHT.
Union meeting Of churches of Eek
ington Bloomingdale and North Cap
itol in the United Brethren Church at
o'clock.
The National Capital Poultry and
Pigeon Association meeting in the
Public Library at 1880 o'clock.
Rhode Island Avenue Suburban Cit
izens' Association meeting in the
Sherwood Presbyterian Church at. 8
o'clock.
Chevy Chase Citizens' Association
meeting, Elizabeth v. Brown School.
at s o'clock.
Lecture by Dr. M NJ Madden Of St.
Louis. Ebenezer Church. 4th and ID
streets southeast, 8 o'clock.
South Washington Citizens Associa-
ton meeting, in the Jefferson School.
8 o'clock.
Oklahoma Club meeting and enter
tainment. in the Thomson School.
o'clock.
Lecture by Rev. J. T. flanagan Of
Woodstock College, at St Aloysius
Church, o'clock.
Address by Representative win d.
Upshaw of Georgia. at Y. M. c. A.
o'clock. -
Lecture by N. BryIlion Fasin. Ma
tional School OF Social Research. Z
o'clock.
Evening star., 1919-12-17
1925, 900 FIRE IN OHIO.

= CLEVELAND. Ohio. December II
Firemen fought for five hours today
TO save the wholesale clothing dis
trict from fire which started in a
four-s story brick building at St Clair
avenue and West 9th street entirely
destroying it, with a total loss esti-
mated at S325 900.
The building was occupied by
wholesale dealers in wooden goods
and by tailors.
Evening star., 1919-12-17
Mr.. SAUNDERS OFFICER
IN SOUTH'S TRADE BODY

William H. Saunders Of this city was
elected treasurer of the Southern
Commercial Congress at the closing
session of the twelfth annual conven-
tion of the organization in Savannah
The convention next year will be held
in Washington.
DR.. Owens Service.
DR.. Clarence J. Owens Of Riverdale,
Nd. was appointed to the executive
committee. DR.. Owens, who is presi-
dent Of the Southern Society of Wash
fngton, was also elected director gen.
eral. and enters upon his tenth year
as an officer of the congress.
Thomas r. Preston of Chattanooga,
Tenn, was chosen president; John NJ
Parker of New Orleans, honorary
president; Senator Duncan u. Fletcher
of Florida. honorary president; Rich
ard /. Manning, first vice president.
and Carl Espy of Savannah, second
vice president.
Directors Named.
The directors appointed were Thon-
as b. kiiby and c. j. Beanes. Mont
gomery, Ala; c. B. Breckinridge, Fort
Fletcher. Jacksonville. Fla; Perry
Wall, Tampa, Fla; Harvie Jordan,
MONTICELLO. Ga: Carl Espy. Savannah.
KY; John NJ. Parker, New Orleans.
La: Senator Joseph E. Ransdell, Lake
Providence, La; Clarence ]. owens,
Riverdale. Md; Theodore Marbury,
Baltimore, Md; L. K. Salisbury, Jack
son. Miss; Alex Y. Scott, Rosedale,
Miss; John G. Lonsdale. St. Louis.
Mo-: Ben Altheimer. St Louis. NO.
Albert L. Tate, High Point, n c.;
John H Small. Washington, n c.:
Robert l.. Owen, Muskogee, Okla
II. S. shelor Muskogee. okla: r. a.
Cooper Columbia, s. c.: Leland Hume
Nashville, Tenn: T. r. Preston. Chat
tanooga, Tenn; J. S. Williams, Paris,
Tex; George w. Littlef1eld, Austin,
Tex; Thomas S. Southgate, Norfolk,
Va; S. T. Morgan, Richmond, Va; G..
A. Northcutt, Huntington, w. Va: j.
&C. Mckinley, Wheeling. w. Va.
and William H. Saunders. Washing
ton, D. C..
Evening star., 1919-12-17
To Discuss School Questions.

Public school questions will be dis
cussed at the meeting tomorrow
night of the committee on public
schools of the Board of Trade in the
boardrooms.
Evening star., 1919-12-17
Fnel Oil Embargo Lifted.

The railroad administration last
night announced lifting of the en-
barge on the shipment of fuel oil
from the west to the east
Evening star., 1919-12-17
ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES.
TODAY

Board OF education meeting. $3.50
o'clock. in the Franklin School
Meeting Of the Anthony League. $3.50
o'clock
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

267. the Supreme Court, speaking
through Chief Justice Field. said:
The treaty power. as expressed in
the Constitution, is in terms unlimited
except by those restraints which are
found in that instrument against the
action of the Government or of its de-
partments, and those arising from the
nature of the Government itself and
of that of the States. 1t would not
be contended that is extends so far
as to authorize what the Constitution
forbids, or change in the character
of the Government, or in that of one
of the States. or cession of any por-
ticn of the territory of the latter,
without its consent.
When the court said that by treaty
nothing could be done which is for
b.dden by the Constitution 1t gave
implied expression to the rule that
which the Constitution directs shall
be done in a particular way may not
be done through the medium of a
reaty in a manner other than the one
prescribed in the Constitution. The
reaty- making power can not legally
isurp any prerogative of the legisla-
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

NATIONS, OPPOSES CHANGES IN COVENANT

this Nation becoming a member OF
any organization calculated to make
wars more difficult of birth, the OBJ
jectionable provisions are but few in
number though substantial and gri-
evous TO those who oppose the present
covenant or who desire to effect ma
terial amendments.
OF the objections of this character
take 1t that article 10 is the most
obnoxious and productive OF the most
controversy. The statement most
generally made is that this article
colfides witt our Conatitunon and
runs across the path of our sacred
traditions This statement may well
be challenged. Repeatedly the argu-
ment has been advanced that article
10 casts upon this Government an
absolute obligation to go to war under
any conditions. however bereft of
justice. This Indictment. in by opin-
ion. is untenable.
Property to analyze this provision
of the covenant a distinction must be
made between the first and second
parts of the article defining our obli-
cation In the event of the happening
of the contingency for which il pro-
poses to prescribe a rule OF national
conduct. For obvious reasons I shall
consider the divisions of the subject
in order OF inversion.
In case of any such aggression, or
In case of any threat. or danger OF
such aggression. the council shall ad- |
wise upon the means by which this |
obligation shall be fulfilled.
In this sentence no obligation, |
moral or legal presses upon any coun-
try to adopt the method to repeal ag-
sression advised by the council. The
Of the means is left to the
election of various nations. through ,
N all human probability, IL a situa.
ion would arise whereby concert of
lction was sought, the advice of the I
council as to the means would be
If believed to be practicable
md just. BY the force of another ar
icle TO be practicable and just. BY
he force of another article in the I
covenant the council. in arriving at 5
lecision. win be governed by unani- /
Gus vote, the power of veto standing 1
etween this country and an unwise t
emedy. That part of the article {
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

I tive branch of the Government con-
ferred by the fundamental law, con-
sequently when the supreme law OF
the land provides how and by what
agency war shall be declared, that
agency then works in an exclusive
| field and its right to function In this
particular field can not be abrogated,
| lessened. or enlarged by the treaty
making power.
The Congress shall have power to
lay and collect taxes.* provide for
the common defense and general well
fare Of the United States = to de-
clare war, to raise and support
armies. to provide and maintain
a Navy, and make rules for the gov
ernment and regulation of the land
and naval forces. Cart. 1, sec. 81
In no sense. therefore, can the exc
cutive branch of the Government.
aided by the Senate. cast any legal
obligation upon this or any future
Congress to pass declaration Of war
upon any nation. however unjust Of
Tending. The wisdom of our fore
fathers was never employed to better
advantage than when this limitation
by intendment was placed upon the
power vested with the treaty-making
body
Viewing this subject as / do, it is
not consistent with reason to argue
that article 10 of the covenant lays a
legal duty upon some future Congress
to declare war against any nation that
attempts by the use of force the in
vasion of the territory of a member
of the league, nor the more unpleas-
ant duty of requiring the Government
to send our splendid soldiers to some
foreign land to suppress external ag-
gression" defined in the covenant.
over and above that, it must not
De said that this Interpretation would
nislead any ether member of the lea |
rue of nations to its injury or operate |
o our dishonor, for the very solid rea- /
ION that international law recognizes .
he constitutional limitations under |
which a nation makes its treaty. 1t
s legally obligatory upon the sigma
ories to the covenant of the league |
o observe and to respect these limi-
ations. They must consider and be
-uided by the limit of power placed
n the hands of the treaty-making
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

about which the controversy wages is
as follows:
The members of the league under
take to respect and preserve, al
against external aggression. the terri
torial integrity and existing political
independence of all members of the
| league
| Indisputably this provision casts
upon this country and every other ma
tion member OF the league a joint
and several undertaking TO go to war
to protect an associate Of the league
from invasion through external force.
but this obligation is in no proper
sense legal one, but purely moral
obligation. entirely dependent upon
the condition that the cause of the
war and the war itself is violative OF
the moral conscience of the American
people.
Having stated my premises, I shall
proceed briefly to assign the reasons
for my deductions.
He shall have power, by and with
the advice and consent of the Senate.
to make treaties. provided two-thirds
of the Senator'S present concur CART |
IL sec,2.)
This constitution and the laws of
the United. States which shall be made I
In pursuance thereof. and all treaties
made. or which shall be made. under
the authority of the United States
shall be the supreme law of the land.
Cart VI.)
Thus II win appear that the ar
chitects of the Const tuition were
very generous in the quantity and the
power conferred upon the Executive
and the, Senate in the matter of treaty
However, the power is not
unlimited, though conferred in gen.
,ral terms. Without doubt the two Z
branches of the Government which
lave to do with the treaty making
ire not hedged about with restrictions
ike the law making power which the !
carefully specifies may !
leal with certain enumerated sub /
ects. The next writer's. discussing '
his subject and the decisions of the /
upreme Court, declare that whatever |
he Constitution positively forbids t
nay not be done by treaty any more I
han by any different means. In the t
ase of Goefry v. Riggs O33 U. s., p. u
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18
40 Pages.
Second Section
Pages 9 to 16

Speech of Hon. Charles l.. McNary
OF oregon, In the Senate of the
United States, Tuesday. July 22
& 1919.
Mr.. McNary. Mr.. President. COM
formable to the practice OF the Senate
announced on Friday OF last week
that, following the morning business
on this day l would discuss the league
of nations. I trust I shall not be ask
ed to yield while occupy the floor as
! would not like to have the contin-
uity OF my speech broken; but at its
conclusion. II l am able, L shall be
happy to answer any questions asked
me.
Mr.. President. have repressed
whatever desire I may have had to
discuss the treaty of peace until
trough conventional channels this im-
portant document reached the Senate
Chamber
At this time / shall address myself
to that all-absorbing portion OF the
terms of peace dealing with the char
acter and defining the functions OF
the league of nations I indulge the
hope that l approach a discussion of
this important subject free from par
tisan bias The issue created by the
movement to combine nations to in
sure peace rises far above political
platforms or party expediency The
subject, therefore, should receive that
claim and just consideration made
possible only when partisanship is ad-
journed. The quicker we forget our
party affiliations the sooner win we
be able to reach the proper solution !
OF this tremendous problem.
Mr.. President, / am stoutly in favor
of the principle embodied in any ef-
fort to insure the permanent peace of
the world. and am willing to accept
the covenant of the league OF nations
contained in the peace treaty. The
time is back of us for discussion
OF this subject in general statements
of the sublimity OF peace. or indulg-
ing with owlisii wisdom the ominous
predictions of disgraced and des-
troyed Republic. The people of Amer
lea desire to know what the covenant
of substance, and will go
there to obtain their understanding.
think IL may be assumed that.
aside from those who are opposed to
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

agency. In close analogy Is this doc
trine to the one in the law OF agency
that principal Is liable only for the
acts of an agent within the real or
apparent scope of his authority. and
person dealing with that instrument
tality must inform himself of the sx-
tent of the power conferreds Ma
tions can not be heard to say that
they relied upon the provision of a
treaty when that provision is outside
of the treaty-making sphere.
In my opinion, the extent and ma
ture of the obligation imposed by
article 10 is not involved by any doubt
as to its proper solution. This Nation
Is under a moral bond to fulfill its OBJ
legations and 90. to war, IL need be.
whensoever the fulfillment of the OBJ
legations is justified by the rule of
morals
If / have In part developed the
thought that the article places upon
the American people a moral duty to
assist an associate nation to rePel ex-
ternal aggression only when the doing
of the act of assistance comes within
the-rule of proper moral conduct. then
much of the force of the argument
used against the article is destroyed.
While no one can predict with any
considerable accuracy what the future
course of Congress would be in the
event that one nation would want
only strike at another nation by forci-
BILE invasion, yet without a league II
may he said in safety that in oredr
to repel the assault the sentiment of
this county would supply the momen-
tum to persuade Congress to declare
war, that the peace of the earth might
be maintained. We would not. stand
by supinely and again see the world
drenched by human blood, in the alb
sence of the moral obligation assum-
ed, nor does the assumption that the |
imposes a duty prevent
this Nation from being the sole judge !
in deciding whether the contingency /
comes within the scope of our moral |
pledge.
As a nation We have never faltered I
in the practice of virtue in endeavor- /
ing to secure peace by conflict, and |
make bold to hazard a prediction ;,
that if the world was again menaced i
by cruel, relentless foe the cons-
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

cience Of the American people would
be so aroused as to exert its supreme
power through constitutional chan-
nels 10 extinguish the madness by a
declaration OF war. enforcd by our
soldiery and armaments.
This formal force in the obligation
imposed upon the nations OF the
world. in my opinion will do much
to chill the ambitious designs OF ma
tions that heretofore have been the
cause OF cruel wars. and for that rea-
son I shall oppose by my vote any
eradication of article 10 from the
covenant. 1t is the pillar section. OF
the association of nations contemplate
ed under the league. and is the as
surance of mutual support against any
external aggression. 1t speaks the
voice of freedom among the nations
and guarantees to each its full share
and encourages the reduction OF ar
maments. as no nation Will disarm
unless assured that 1t will not be at
tackled by another nation. Nations
WHICH disarm or progressively de-
prieve themselves of the weapons TO
repel an assault must protect them
serves eltner Dy erecting a supeEState
with an international armed force to
guard them. or by entering into a
to come to each others aid
when an outlaw nation threatens the
use of force. This principle has been
by students of history from
the time thought was first given to
plans for the promotion of world
peace. The late ex-President, Theo-
iore Roosevelt. discussing the preven-
lion of war through arbitration trea-
les. in an address at Christiania, Nor
way. May S, 1910, said:
1 believe that these treaties can
cover almost all questions liable, to
rise between such nations. If they
ire drawn with the explicit agreement
hat each contracting party will re-
'pect the others territory and its abb
'olute sovereignty within that terri
ory. and the equally explicit agree
nent that (aside from very rare cases
where the nations honor is vitality.
all other possible subjects
Continued on Page 13.)
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18

Continued on Page 1s.)
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-09-18
Since March |, 1917

We have distributed among the livestock
producers contributing to our plant $685.
100000 worth of high grade registered breeding
cattle.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

FOR RENT - Large, well-furnisn-
ed front room. bath, hot and cold
water. Inquire 500 North Second
street.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
COOPERATION

COOPERATION
"Thc First Principle of
Success"
The following Representative
Concerns have taken part in the
COOPERATIVE; e a IN p a / &
conducted by the Federated
Trades Council. They wish to
be classed as friendly TO the
cause and we ask for them your
Cooperation and Reciprocal
Buy War Savings Stamps"
BANKS
Commercial Trust Company of
Harrisburg, 1924 n. Third.
BUSINESS COLLEGE
School of Commerce and Har-
risburg Business College. 10
:. Market So.
ENGINEERS AND
CONSTRUCTORS
Central Construction Corpor-
FLORIST
Schmidt, Florist. 31S Market st.
FUNERAL DIRECTORS
Rudolph X. Spicer. 5ll N. Sec
Packers, 1912 Derry.
FURNITURE
Fackler's. 1872 Derry.
FURNACES
Caloric Pipeless Furnace, The
Carlisle Plumbing and Heat
ing Co. 80 y. Court st.
GARAGE
Rex Garage X supply Co.. 1917
90 GR0CERIEs. WHOLESALE
The Whitman Schwarz Corp'n.
Co
GROCERIES. RETAIL
Polleck's Cash and Carry
stores. Harrisburg and Steel
HARDWARE, iCI. WHOLESALE
Henry Gilbert & Son.
ICE CREAM AND
WATER ICES
Dean f Walker. 400 y. Second.
KNITTING MILLS
N head Knitting Company.
New Idea Hosiery Company.
~ LAUNDRIEs
Sanitary Family Washing Co.
City Star Laundry.
LUMBER
Harrisburg Lumber Co.. 17th
and NPIaaNinniN NP%hNnNG MILL
e. c. Snyder. 18th and Holly.
MILK DEALERS
Penna. Milk Products Company.
MANUFACTURERS
Harrisburg Shoe Mfg. Co.
Harrisburg silk Mill.
HnrrirNurg Pipe & Pipe Bend
ing Co.
Harrisburg Manufacturing
Er.' Co.
Devinc & YunGcl Shoe Mfg. Co.
Nauss Manufacturing Co, mfg.
of Band Instruments and Re-
pairers of Auto Radiators).
SEEDS
Walter S. Schell, 1907 Market.
MIDDLETOWN
Wincroft Stove Works.
A. s. Kreider Co.
Buy War Savings Stamps"
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

WE want an eX-County or City Of
fetal a Bank Employe a School
Principal man of this type - in
short, man of integrity and large
acquaintance in Harrisburg to repre-
sent a financial house handling only
sessing these qualities is assured sue
cess and permanent. satisfactory COM
pensation. Your communication viii
be treated as confidential, If you so
desire. Address r.. 40S Finance Bldg,
Philadelphia.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

WANTED, TO RENT - Large house
in nrst-class condition. Either city
or suburban. Address j.. 727S, care OF
Telegraph.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
BOLTON

BOLTON - Mrs. sara j. Bolton, wife
of William c. Bolton, died MONDAY
morning. at 8 o'clock. at her home,
aa2 South Thirteenth street. aged 6S
wears.
Funeral services Wednesday after
noon, at o'clock, from her !a'e
residence. the Rev Thomas ReiSch
officiating. lnterment, PaNtanS
Cemetery. Relatives and friends are
invited to attend without further
notice.
Thlladelphia papers, please copy.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
BUSINESS PERSONALS

QNINiNE-Luok out for that grippe
feeling likely TO catch you this
changeable weather. OUR LAXATIVE
pHOSPHO-QUTNINE will stave 1t off
II taken in time. Gross Drug Store
ll9 Market street.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
Statesmen WANTED

FIRST-CLASS SALESMAN WANT
ED For PennsylVania territory on
an article that will be widely adver-
tiscd and backed up by selling cam
paign. Mugt nave own car an
furnish Al references. Drawing ac-
count and liberal commission. The
Cal-SinC Co. Inc, Baltimore, Md.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

rooms, completely furnished for light
housekeeping; all conveniences Call
1909 Derry street, after L. NJ.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
ENGLISH
t;E,'I'1'IE:It
LOST AND FOUND
INSTRUCTIONS

INDIVIDUAL PROMOTION in Gregg
Shorthand, Typewriting, English
Rookkecping. Penmanship. Arithmetic.
etc. DAY AND NIGHT SCHOOL OPEN
ALL YEAR. Enter any time. Be4'
RECKIEY'S RI iii vs. BUsINE IS COLLEGE,
1oI Marker ST Chas. Il. Beckley.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
REAL ESTATE FOR SALE

REMAINING PROPERTIES ON THE
LIST AT BARGAIN PRICES
No. zoos North Third st.
No. 302 Cumberland st.
No SOC Cumberland st.
NO. 1C Prospect st.
No. 1442 Thompson Ave.
No 1i4i Thompson Ave
No. 1909 North Second st.
No 1902 Mulberry ST.
No. 15e3 State 81,
No. zoos North Seventh st.
No. 20l0 North Seventh st.
No. 64S PETER st.
No 232 Maclay st.
No. 1923 Swatara st.
No. 202 Hamilton ST.
Nc. 221G North Fifth st.
No. 2152 North Fifth st.
No. 2214 North Fifth st.
No. 22O6 North Fifth st.
No. 2245 Atlas Ave.
No. 2242 Atlas Ave.
No. 1917 Park st.
Apply to
CLINTON NJ. HERSHEY,
ii South Second Street.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17
HAULING AND MOVING

| LOCAL AND LONG-DISTANCEx
/ nAULlNG Furniture moving.
Prompt service. Ernest Corbin, 656
Calder street. Both phones. Bell
| 3G36-J. Dial $3.50.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

FOR RENT - Room on second floor,
with board; use of telephone; gentle
men only. Apply 606 Briggs street
Pell 929M.
Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-03-17

APARTMENT FOR RENT-Ready
for occupancy about April 3. \ three
room, furnished apartment. with use
of bath, second floor. No. 1904 Green
4CGgM.
FOR RENT 1872 Walnut street
two rear. apartments, two rooms and
bath, electric lights and steam heat.
Possession April l. Apply Common
wealth Trust Company.