davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
Walker D, Hines
Succeeds McAdoo
MAN TO FILL SUCH
AN IMPORTANT POSITION -
SALARY MAY BE FIXED BY
PRESIDENT

Los Angeles, Jan. 11,-Walter D.
Hines, assistant director general Of
railroads, was appointed director gen.
eral to succeed VIM. G. McAdoo to-
day by President Wilson. The news
reached Mr.. McAdoO last night at
Winslow, Arizona, while he was en-
route to Los Angeles.
Hines was formerly chairman of the
Santa Fe and is one of the youngest
railroad executives in the country, be-
ing only 4S. His salary probably win
be determined by the president.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
|OR. CARL L|EBKNECHT WAS KILLED
SPARTACAN LEADER FELL WHILE
FIGHTING IN STREETS OF BERLIN
London, Jan. 11.--According to Copenhagen
dispatch Dr. Carl Liebknecht the leader Of the Spar
tacan group in Germany, was killed on Thursday
during the Street Fighting in Berlin.

morning to work. However, I can't
get away this winter, but hope to see
the Sunny South next winter if all
goes we'll with me.
/ read of your Illness with the flu
and as had two attacks of it I know
about how it treated you
Well, I wish you very prosperous
New Year in the newspaper business.
Yours truly,
S. B. YOUNCBL0OD
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
Fast Demobiliz-
ing U. S. Army
UP TO YESTERDAY 694J880 HAD
BEEN MUSTERED OUT

- Washington, Jan. 11.-Demobiliza-
ton of the American army is proceed
ing at a rate which comparative fig
ures show to be more than twice as
fast as the British demobilization,
General March announced today. The
total number discharged from the
American army up to January 10 was
nearly $4,000.
American troops who have been
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
People
Will Hold Serv-
ice Sunday in the
OddFellows Hall
START MOVEMENT TO REBUILD
THEIR CHURCH WHICH WAS
DESTROYED BY HURRICANE !.
Hear ye! Hear ye!

Hear ye! Hear ye! !
To the colored citizens of Tarpon'
Springs: Through this I will say to
you that there will be preaching at
the Odd Fellows hall Sunday at II a.,
M, 8 p. m. and 8 p. m. Members of
Macedonia Baptist church will wor--
ship at the hall Sunday. Pastor Black
son is in town and will preach three
sermons at Oddfellows hall. Come
out and hear him. AS our church is
down, we must start to rebuild,
REV. W. G. BLACKSON, Pastor.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
LADY SUFFERS PAINFUL ACCI-
DENT

Mrs. Tarapani, mother of Mrs. Sam
Lovitz, suffered fracture of her right
ankle yesterday about 4 p. m. The ac-
cident was caused by the lady slipping
on the floor in such a way as to cause
the fracture.
Mrs. Lovitz is over so years old, and
the fracture naturally becomes more
serious because of her age. Drs. AL
baugh and Douglass reduced the in
jury and Mrs. Tarapani is resting as
well as could be expected.
S~~N~~N~~~~~G~O~-~-~~-~~-
scheduled for rehabilitation number
1 1,051 900, including $4,000 men who
have actually returned from overseas,
but not including the units designated
for return or on the way home.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
Americans Un-
der Bol Mach
Inc Gun Fire

Archangel, Friday.-(By The Asso-
ciated Press.)-The new positions of
the Americans, Russians and Poles, in
the River Omega sector, were subject
ed to heavy Bolshevik machine gun
fire Thursday.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
Cannon Flame Throwers Being Used
in Berlin; There is Also Severe Fight
ing in Other Large Cities OF Germany
Government Troops Have Not Yet Succeeded in
Crushing Spartacans Who Hold Newspaper
Row; Many Fatalities Have Occurred

Copenhagen, Jan. livery serious
rioting occurred Friday in Dresden,
Hamburg, Augsburg and Dusseldorf,
according to reports received here.
Fighting was most severe in Hamburg
and is still in progress.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
PAY THE BOYS MONDAY

The carrier boys have not collected
for two weeks. They will collect 25c
covering the past two weeks, and
any amount that may have been un-
paid at that time. Please have these
little amounts ready Monday. They
are small, but the aggregate helps
out when it reaches this office.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11

Late letters from Roy Noblit convey
the thought that he may start home
soon.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11

Washington, Jan. 11.-President
Wilson today cabled request to the
war labor board to take up again the
case Of the marine workers on strike
in New York and to proceed to make
a finding. The president said he was
sure the war and navy departments,
the shipping board, and the railroad
The evening leader., 1919-01-11

particularly pleasing to the large au-
dience, Following'the exercises at the
church a reception was held at the
Nurses home, where the Tarpon Wis
itors were received by Miss Catherine
Edwards, daughter of Mrs. E. H.
Beckett, who is student nurse in the
hospital.
Especially worthy of note, in this
connection, is the fact that Miss Clar-
ice lzetta Silvey, one of the graduates,
in a recent examination before the
state board, made the highest mark
ever made by a nurse in this state.
Miss Silvey is an exceptionally bright
and charming young woman, and is
an honor to st. Petersburg and Pinel-
las county.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
WILSON TRYING TO SETTLE STRIKE
OF MARINE WORKERS IN NEW YORK
Requests War Labor Board to Take up the Case and
Make Finding; Officers of Strikers Say Are
Ready to Abide by Any Ruling of Labor Board.

Washington, Jan. 11.-An official re-
quest has been sent the striking har-
Dor boatmen at New York to return
to work pending the action of the war
labor board. Officials think the strike
will be over before night.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11

administration would use every power
to make the finding effective.
Basil Manly, joint chairman. of the
war labor board, said the board would
take up the presidents request at
once, but he was not sure a quorum
could be secured for action before
Monday.
New York, Jan. 11.-OAicers Il the
Marine Workers afilation have an
nounced that they stand ready to
abide by any ruling the war labor
board may make in response to the
presidents cable request.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11

Government troops in Berlin have
not yet succeeded in crushing the
Spartacans, who hold Newspaper row.
Cannon and fame throwers are now
being used with many fatalities re
sulting.
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
FIRST IN THE LOCAL FIELD

All the local, county, and state
news-that is news-while it is
news. Boosting TarpOn Springs.
Wide-awake, Truthful, Unafraid
The evening leader., 1919-01-11
ASSOCIATED PRESS NEWS,

The Evening Leader is the only
paper in its field having AssOci-
ated Press reports of the world
news-the best and most reliable
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27
TO PROTECT LOCUST
TREES FROM BORERS
Plant In Thick Stands to Produce
Shaded Condition.
With Underbrush About Trunks %
Trees Injury by Insects 10 less-
Protection 10 Needed for
Very Short Period.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
Plantations Of the locust tree can be
successfully protected from the borer
and grown probably on a commercial
scale II the trees are planted In thick
stands or mixed with other trees, so
as to produce a densely shaded con-
ditlon during the first ten to fifteen
years. Investigations Of the United
States department of agriculture
showed that more trees were de-
stroyed by borers In tracts which had
been pruned occasionally or closely
grazed, or In which fire had killed out
the underbrush. thus destroying the
natural shade produced by weeds and
shrubbery.
The denser the underbrush about
the trunks of the trees, the less the
damage done by borers. Trees grow
ing from two to three feet apart were
seldom injured, while nearby isolated
trees were riddled by borers.
All trees and all parts Of the tree
are not subject In the same degree to
attack by the borer. Rough bark pro-
vides crevices In which the bOrers de-
post their eggs. Young trees, less
than one and one-half to two inches
at the base, are not attacked unless
the bark Is rough. On younger trees
the borers are found at the base and
near rough crotches. Trees with
trunks more than five or six inches in
diameter rarely contain the insects
On such trees the larger branches
frequently are infested; but such in
jury is seldom common enough to do
much harm. Protection from bOrers
Is necessary for only comparatively
short period during the trees growth.
Under good growing conditions this
time should not exceed ten years.
The locust is widely planted for
ornamental and shade purposes. 1t
is highly desirable because 1t grows
readily in a variety Of soils and stu
atoms 1t grows rapidly and forms a
shapely crown when planted In the
open. But it is frequently attacked
by bOrers. This Is because shade
trees are planted singly and In the
open. thus furnishing favorable condi-
lions for attack.
Young borers can be killed readily
by the use Of an arsenlcal spray.
| Spraying will be necessary only every
two or three years unless badly in
| tested trees nearby are not treated.
AS rule, spraying will not be need
ed after trees reach six inches In
diameter. Trees of that size are usual
ly immune from attack, but should be
watched.
Locusts make such desirable shade
trees that they should not be neglect
ed and allowed to become injured or
destroyed by borers. The increasing
value of black or yellow locust for
many purposes makes 1t profitable
tree to grow commercially and en-
phasizes the Importance Of protecting
1t from the borer.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27

certain amount Of knowledge on the
part of the operator can scarcely be
considered a disadvantage. The train
Ing can be easily obtained Mt small ex-
pense. But too many men attempt to
run tractors without learning anything
about them except the starting, stop
ping and shifting gears. The i'm
portant thing Is the ability to detect
trouble the minute 1t begins to de-
velop, and know how to remedy 1t
promptly instead of allowing 1t to run
along until an expensive delay results.
1t pays to spend few days gaining
experience under competent instruc-
tor. 1t Is unwise to attempt to run
tractor without such preparation. With
the increasing use of tractors, as well
as automobiles and stationary engines,
farmers are rapidly becoming familiar
with the care and operation Of gas
engines. At the same time, tractors
are being improved and simplified so
that difficulties in operation are grow
ing less each year.
The comparatively large investment,
rapid depreciation and fuel and repair
bills have also been mentioned by
farmers as points against owning a
tractor. They point out, too, that a
tractor Is not adaptable to all farm
work warehouses are ordinarily used.
However. the tractor can do much
work that horses cannot do-worik
where belt power Is needed.
Fit the Tractor to the Farm.
One of the most important points to
consider when buying tractor Is
the size Of the farm. Experienced
tractor owners rarely recommend the
purchase of tractor for use on farm
with less than 100 or 100 acres under
cultivation, and for such farms the
two-plow outfit is usually preferred.
However, most of the farms on which
tractors are being used successfully are
somewhat larger than this, and ma
jority Of the tractors pull three plows.
Four-plow machines are being used
satisfactorily on some farms where
there Is a larger amount Of work to be
done, and where the conditions are
such that one man can operate an out
fit Of this size.
Size, however, Is not the only fac
tor to be considered, and the question
whether or not tractor will prove
profitable is problem in farm man
agement which must be worked out for
the individual farm.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27
KNIFE OF STEEL FOR
KILLING POULTRY
Most Blades Are Too Broad and
Too Large to Handle.
They Are InsanItary a. Blood Collects
at Junction Of Blade and Handle
-Eight-Inch File 10 Recon-
mendod.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
Knives In common use for bleeding
and Draining poultry are not suited
to their purpose, according to United
States department of agriculture spe-
cialists. The blades are too broad and
too long and the curve at the point
should be on the back instead of on
the cutting edge. The handle is so
large that a killer is encouraged to
use too much force in making the cut
to bleed, whereas light touch Of the
sharp knife. properly directed, Is all
that is needed to cut the blood vessels.
The knives are also insanitary, In that
dirt collects at the junction Of the
blade and handle.
The knife should be small with a
narrow blade; stiff, so that 1t does not
bend; Of the best steel. so that It can
be kept sharp and Is not nicked when
used in Draining; and the handle and
blade should be In one piece.
Such knife. with the aid of the
packing house emery wheel or grind
stone and 0ilstone, can De mace from
an eight-inch fat file. To make II, the
blade should be shaped from the small
end Of the file. It should be, for chick
ems, two inches long, one-fourth inch
wide. and one-sixteenth inch thick Mt
the back. For turkeys, the blade should
be two and one-half inches long. The
curve to make the point should slope
from the back downward. A blade Of
this shape reaches the blood vessels
more surely than does blade on which
the point curves upward. After the
blade II made the ridges on the file
should be ground down. leaving Just
enough roughness to prevent the knife
slipping IN the hand Of the killer. The
tandls shculd - Ave. Inches IcnG
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture) -,
Ante-mortem preparations OF Blddy
and her full-grown brood for the gull
lotine consist In abstaining from food
and drinking plenty Of fresh, clear
water during the "a hours before kill
Ing time.
If dressed poultry Is to reach the
consumer with the best of flavor and
wholesomeness, the most attractive
appearance. and In the best possible
state of preservation, 1t must be prop
erly killed and dressed, as well as
properly raised. A large proportion
Of the unsightly poultry In markets is
caused by an incomplete removal Of
the blood from the carcass. This Is
evidenced by red dots which frequent
ly appear where the feathers have
been removed, especially over the
thighs and wings, or by small veins
over the breast and In the angles Of
the wings, or larger veins which mar
the appearance Of the neck.
Usually 1t is the neck which shows
most plainly the presence Of blood In
the fowl, or that wrong method has
been used In cutting the blood YES
sells. The neck Is the first part to dis
color, becoming first red, then blush
red or purple, and finally green as
aging progresses Often there are dis
colored areas, which look like bruises,
on the sides Of the neck close to the
head. These are commonly cnused by
the killer holding the neck Of the bird
when cutting the veins and thereby
preventing the blood from escaping.
Much Poultry Badly BIed.
At least 80 per cent Of all the poul-
try reaching the New York market Is
incompletely bled. Much Of 1t Is so
badly bled that 1t results In loss OF
from to 2 to cents pound. Keep
ing properties Of such fowls are In
ferior. The flesh loses its firmness
sooner. its flavor Is not so good; the
odor of stale flesh and finally of pu-
trefaction come earlier. and In every
way the product Is more perishable.
When the feathers are removed by
scalding, the bird is killed by bleed
ing alone, hence the incisiOns to sew
er the veins are the only ones at
tempted, and IL the attempt fails bad
bleeding will surely result. II. on the
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27
GREAT RESULTS FROM CLUBS
Opinion Of Or. Thomao F. Hunt, Dean
and Director Of the California
Agricultural College.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture) IS
The United States department of
agriculture, the state agricultural
colleges, and other agencies for the
promotion of better farming are spend
ing considerable money In club work
among boys.
Does 1t pay? Here is the opinion OF
DR.. Thomas f. Hunt, dean and direc.
tor of the college of agriculture, Uni.
versity Of California.
"The college Of agriculture did not
in my opinion, get as effective results
from any other equal sum Of money
which 1t expended as 1t did from the
amount Of money spent on boys clubs
"These clubs have been running long
enough for us to have some knowledge
of their influence on the future lives
Of the boys concerned. think l am
well within the mark when l say that
for the amount of money expended we
get the greatest human results"
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27
MAXIMUM SEED
CROP is URGED
Seeding Of 1918 Was Lost IN
Many Sections Of Country
on Account Of Drought.
CONTROL or CLOVER FLOWER
Best Method 10 to Destroy Larvae Of
First Brood-AduIts Do Not Live
Very long-Watch Horses Pas
turing on Alslke.

prepared by tho United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
Even II there should be good sea-
son for clover, the crop Of seed can
not be as large as the country needs,
because the seeding Of 1918 was lost
In a great many sections through
drought. It Is desirable, therefore,
that maximum seed crop be produced
IL possible. The method of controlling
this clover flower nudge is to destroy
the larvae of the first brood. The
adults that have lived over winter
will lay their eggs In the flowers Of the
first crop of red clover. These adults
do not live very long, and IL the first
crop can be kept from producing bloom
when the adults are flying, or IL the
blooms can be cut before the larvae
mature, there will be very few, If any,
adults to attack the second or seed
crop of red clover. Details in regard
to this matter can be found In Farm
ers' Bulletin Oh.
Seed From June Clover.
1t is sometimes desired to get seed
from the first crop Of June clover, and
this may be done by )pasturing the
clover heavily enough to keep down
the bloom until the latter part Of May.
At this time the stock may be taken
off and, in that case, the June clover
will seed at about the same time as
the mammoth unually does. However,
the common practice is to take crop
Of hay and allow the second crop to
make seed. When this plan Is fol.
lowed. care will have to be taken to
control the clover-fiower nudge in ac-
cordance with the Instructions found
In Farmers Bulletin OIL.
Danger In AIsike.
During this month, also, farmers pas
turing their horses on alsike clover
should keep watch of their animals,
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27
Jaw and Position Of Small Knife When
~ Cult
Cutting Vein.

other hand, dry picking Is to be prac-
ticed, the birds are cut to bleed and
are also stuck through the brain to
paralyze the feather muscles. The
latter operation is sometimes perform
ed by running the knife under the eye
ut such an angle that Its point will
touch the skull midway between the
eyes and little behind them; Or the
Draining is accomplished by placing
the knife about half way down the
groove In the roof of the chickens
mouth, and then thrusting 1t up until
the knife reaches the top Of the skull.
The knife, as in sticking under the
eye. should touch the brain In the
back part of the skull. The point Of
the knife should then be twisted
slightly. so that enough brain tissue
may be destroyed to paralyze the bird
and cause the feathers to loosen.
Bleeding From Brain.
If the "outside~stick" method Ii
practlced. practically no blood es-
capes. But If Draining inside the
mouth Ia adopted, the cut blood yes
sells In the brain find an outlet
through the knife hole. Bleeding from
these vessels. under any circumstan-
ces, Is of assistance In obtaining the
best results, and where the neck yes
sells are missed the condition Of the
chicken Is often greatly improved by
the bleeding from the brain.
In killing, the chicken Is held In
U-shaped shackle. The thumb of the
killer Is pressed firmly down on the
head just below and behind the ear
where the hinge of the jaw occurs.
Pressure of the thumb on one side Of
the skull and on the other side at the
same place with the forefnger, or
with the forefinger and second finger.
will result In opening the chickens
mouth and hold 1t open while the oper-
ator makes the cut to bleed. Held In
such fashion, nothing constructs the
blood vessels and prevents the blood
from escaping. The pressure against
the Jaw makes accurate cutting of the
veins easier, since the bird cannot
close It's mouth. Care must be taken
not to stretch the neck unduly, else
the vessels will be pulled to such a
narrow diameter that they are more
difficult to find and also more difficult
to empty.
The L'Anse sentinel. (L'Anse, L.S., Mich.) 18??-current, 1919-06-27

prepared by the United States Depart
~ ment OF Agriculture)
IA tractor may be either profitable
or an Improbable investment. Each
farm has its own peculiarities; and a
farmer must weigh the advantages and
disadvantages carefully before buying
tractor. He should study the ex-
periences Of those who have used trac-
tors In farm work, paying particular
attention to those whose farms con-
form most nearly to his own In size
and system Of cropping. This is ad-
vice from specialists Of the United
States department of agriculture.
On an average, one farm in 30 In the
United States now uses tractor. It
has been estimated by manufacturers
that over 100000 tractors will be made
this year. 1t behooves every farmer
contemplating buying one to study his
farm problems from every angle.
Advantages in Using Tractor.
The advantage of tractor lies not
80 much in the reduction In the cost of
doing a piece of work as In being able
to do 1t In less time. Thus the num-
Der of acres farmed can be increased
and the work done quickly. Often the
saving Of time Is the important factor
in making a profit on the crop grown.
A tractor can be kept on the job In
hot weather when horses are at dis
advantage. 1t can do heavy work and
do 1t rapidly, thus covering the desired
acreage in the proper season. 1t saves
man labor thus enabling the farm to
be worked with less hired help. 1t
sometimes decreases the number Of
horses needed thus saving both invest
ment In horses and the expense of their
feed.
The tractor owner can increase his
income somewhat by doing custom
work of his neighbors; but this Is
often a doubtful practice. Outside
work must be done at time when 1t
will not interfere with the necessary
work on his own place or he will lose
more by neglect than he makes by the
custom work.
Disadvantages Mentioned by Owners.
The packing Of damp soil and the
difficulty Of efficient operation are the
chief disadvantages mentioned by trac-
tor users. Where early spring work is
necessary. the packing Of the soil. espe-
cially heavy soil. is serious OBJ
lection.
The fact that tractor demands a