davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
CURsO DE EsTUDIos

CURSO DE ESTUDIOS
Para las escueIas rurales puede sub
dIyidirse en- dos curse elemental. de
tres amos y curse intermedio de dos
amos.
Para las escuelas graduadas: un
cacso de siete amos, subdividido en-
dts. curse elemental, de cinco amos;
curse superior o lc continuation, dc
dos amos.
Para las Atlas Escuelas, un curse
&c tres amos.
ESCUELAS RURALES
Ell curse elemental Sc rcducira la
ensenanza de la lectura escritura,
estudio de la naturaleza, trabajO ma
misl, canto, jue2os y ejerciciOs fist
cos, aritmetica practica, nociones de
geografia historic, educacion civica
y moral.
Terminado el curse elemental de tres
amos, los alumnos pueden exigir uno
de estos dos senderos: ingresar en- ell
cuarto grado de una escuela urbana,
continuar el cuarto grado de la ru-
raj intermedia. FL primer sendero
sera para los que intenten obtener al
guna preparation professional, comer-
cial Industrial; el segundo, para los
que sc propongan continuar la vida
agricola industrial en- los distritos
rurales.
En- cada barrio rural debe haber ell
numero necesario de escuelas rurales
elementales, y en- un punto centrico
del misMo una escuela rural inter-
media.
FL curse de estudios de las escuelas
rurales intermedias tendera especial
mente preparar los alumnos para
la vida agricola, industrial civica.
La escuela debe tener un predio de
terreno, de cinco diez cuerdas, cuyo
cultivo sera dirigido por el maestro
sus alumnos con cuyo rendimiento
podra atenderse gran parte de los
gastos de sostenimiento de la misma.
Estas escuelas deberan ser servidas
por hombres, y cerca de la casa escue-
la debera levantarse la de habitacion
para ell maestro.
La gran dissemination de nuestra
poblacion rural es un grave obstacu-
10 para la diffusion de la ensenanza
rural mas ain para la consecucion
de los fines sociales de la escuela. La
concentration en- aldeas de nuestra
poblaci6n rural seria de indudable
utilidad para estos fines.
Al terminar los alumnos .su curse
rural complete deberian tener sus ejer-
cicios de graduation, exactamente 10
mismo que en- las poblaciones, conce-
diendose a cada graduado un certif-
cado de Graduado de escuela rural.
Este certifcado deberia tener valdez
dar preferencia para la obtenci6n
de ciertos cargos empleos relaciona-
dos con las actividades rurales, como
camineros, mayordomos de fncas agri-
colas, etc.
La edad escolar obligatoria para la
ensenanza rural debera comprender
desde los 8 los Ia amos.
La inspection medica dental de
los nifos es una urgente necesidad
muy especialmente Ell los campos. Ca
da escuela rural deberia ser visitada
una dos veces al aho por un medico
y un dentista.
DURACION DEL CURSo ESCOLAR
Creo que debe ser de diez meses es-
colares. Soy partidario de que, por
ahora, sc continue ell sistema de do
BILE session en- las escuelas rurales ele-
mentales, siendo cada session de tres
cuatro horas Y asistiendo a cada Sc
sion no mas de treinta treinticinco
alumnos.
ECCTTEI CRAnIrAn
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
San Juan, de abril de 1919.
sr. Director de EEL MUNDo",
San Juan. a
EstimadO sr. y amigo:

Felicito usted por su buena idea de
buscar una solucion al problcma de la
doble via para ell trolley por la solu-
ci6n propuesta, por lei MUNDo";
que es ell verdad la mas practica de las
indicadas hasta la fecha, pero, no obs
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
EsCUELAs GRADUADAs

Curse elemental de cinco amos, con
las mismas asignaturas fundamentales
de la rural elemental, ampliando la
geografia, hygiene historic. AL ter
minar la .ensenanza elemental los
alumnos pueden continuar el curse su-
perior, de dos amos, que Sc subdividi-
ra en- dos tres secciones: academico,
comercial c industrial, (curso prevo-
eacionaD.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
CLASSES DE ESCUELAs

Rurales; graduadas; atlas escuclas;
escuela normal; escuela de artes Y of
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
InfOTme pTeSentadO a los COmit6S de Instruction
de Ia ASambIea Legislative
FL de esudO de las escueas uraes nermedas tendea
espccalmente preparar los alumnOs para la vida
aghcOla, industrial cvca

les Sc dara una hora de clase de ingles
para la ensehanza practica del idioma y
ocimiento de sus principles funda-
n entales.
En- ell cuarto aio de las escuelas gra-
duadas Sc empezara la ensenanza del
ingles. En- ell curse superior academico
Sc dar3 ingles, Y consistira esencial-
nnnte en- una ampliaci0n de las mis-
mas asignaturas dadas en- ell ultimo
al del elemental.
En- las AIS Escuelas Y Escucla
Normal los estudios Sc haran en- ell idio-
mn ingles, pero los alumros tendran
siempre a su disposition textos de
las mismas asignatura3 en- castellano
para consultas Y lectura.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09

tros de Caguas, Y solicito, en- su NOM
bre, la aprobacion del mismo.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
USO Y ESTUDIO DE Los IDIOMAS
ESPANOL Z INGLES

En- las escuelas rurales Y gradIia-
das elementaIes Sc usara el espafol
como medic trasniisor de toda la en-
senanza Durapte los dos amos del
curse intermedio de las escuelas rura-
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
ylEs,1rOers ~ GALE i, -

santurcc 8 de abriI dc 1919.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09
ESCUELAS PARA NINAS Y NINOS
DEFECTUOSOS o ANORMALES

En- cada una de las ,poblaciones ma
yores de la isla deberia haber uno o
mas salones para los niiios retardados
anormales que necesitan indispensa-
blemente metodos especiales para su
ensehanZas.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09

SISiHpIS 81 ulSpOSlClOH CSACOS uS
las mismas asignaturas en- castellano
para cOnsultas Y lectura.
LA ESCUELA DEL TRABAJO
VERSUS LA ESCUELA DEL
SABER
para que la escuela del porvenir
sea la de la accion es precise que los
alumnos trabajen en- ella en- tai forma,
que va no vengan ella a recibir la
ensenanza, sino que sean los articles
de su propio desarrollo. Esta escuela
no Sc propone inculcar a los ni1os una
suma mas menos grande de SABER:
quiere inducirlos una COLABORA-
CION ACTIVA; quiere ensenarles a
aprender el trabajo.
En- esta clase de escuelas ell nino
aprende mediante la experiencia pro-
pia: observando, jugando, hacienda ex-
perimentos, trabajando, entregando-
Sc, en- una palabra, las actividades
de su edad".
He aqui algunas de las actividades
de esta clase de escuelas, tales como
las presenta ell doctor A. M. Aguayo:
Los juegos y las danzas. La gim-
.i~sia natural la ritmica Los pa
seos y eXcursiones escolares. Ell di-
bujo, la acuarela y el modelado. Las
visitas fabricas, talleres, monu-
mentos, museos etc. Los trabajos ma
nuales bien escogidos. FL canto. Los
cuentos historietas. Las dramatiza-
clones. Las fiestas Representatives.
escolares. Las proyecciones lumino-
sas fijas Y de movimiento. La iardi-
neria Y la Horticultural. Los traba-
jos de medir y pesar. Ell Guido de los
animales. Los trabajos de economic
domestica, bien graduados, para las
niilas. La compra Y venta' (real
figuradal de mercancias. Ell estudio
de la naturaleza, por observation di-
recta. Los trabajos de laboratorio.
Las audiciones musicales. Las activi-
dades sociales Clos clubs asociacio-
nes infantilcs, las republicas ciuda-
des escolares de organization practi-
ca y sencilla, las ligas de bondad, etc.
FL estudio de lecciones interesantes
con ell libro alberto. Etc.
EDUCACION CIvICA Y MORAL
Toda la vida de la escuela ha de ser
una constante lecci6n de educacion
moral y civica. Es esta fase la mas
importante del trabajo escolar, va que
tiende al cultivo de la voluntad, base
de la libertad del hombre.
CURSE DE VERANO
Como una de las causas que hacen
encarecer mas la instruction publica
es ell numero de alumnos que no son
promovidos al finalizar ell curse esco-
lar, los cuales tienen que repetir ell
grado durante un nuevo ano, podrian-
sc establecer escuelas de verano, una
dos en- cada poblaci6n, estando obli-
gados asistir elias los que no hu-
bieran sido promovidos durante el ano.
Estas escuelas podrian ser servidas
por los maestros que no hubieren ira
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-04-09

oRrE
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
Capably Handling
Immense Business

The postoffice Christmas rush has
been most strenuous, the enormous
amount of parcel post business very
closely resembling a great depart
ment store. Tuesday was the big
day, though Monday was close sec
ond to it. On each of the two big
days hundreds of bags of parcel post
packages went from the Pennington
postoffice, enough to fill to the ut
most the baggage end of the electric
car.
Yet, notwithstanding such a great
crush and crowd, in quarters entirely
TO small for the most expeditions
handling of even the ordinary busi-
ness of this office, The Times has
failed to hear single complaint of
the capable and competent postoffice
force, who are always courte6us and
accommodating even while making
herculean efforts to work through av-
alanches of mail, the like Of which
would cause heart-failure on. the part
of the animated. This paper is ready
to- back the Pennington postoffice
"bunch" against all comers when it
comes to handling mail properly and
expeditiously.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
Last Notice

The Times has recently mailed to
many subscribers statements of the
date to which their time is paid, to-
gether with a date in advance for
such subscriptions, with the request
that if they desire their paper contin-
ued to them that an advance payment
be made before the first of the year.
Many have sent renewal of their
subscription. Many others have fail
ed to do so to this date. This is final
notice that all subscriptions expiring
this year, on which renewals are not
received by January 1st, 1920, will be
discontinued on that date. The high
cost and great scarcity of news print
is our reason for such action. Here
after all Times subscriptions must be
paid in advance. This is the only
way for this paper to continue in bus
mess under the present enormous in
crease in expense of production.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
CHRISTMAS AT ELMWOOD

No institution has greater. reason to
thank God and take courage than has
Elmwood. Our children have Jared
even better this Christmas time than
at Thanksgiving, although at that
time they were given a dinner of fif-
teen chickens by neighboring COM
munities. At Christmas we are to
have turkey dinner provided by two
friends in St. Louis. Besides the tur-
key we have large quantities of candy,
cookies, oranges and apples donated
by friends from all over the State.
Each child has been provided with
several gifts. Every girl will have a
beautiful doll, the gift of the Farm
ington High School girls, while the
boys of the High School, not to be
outdone, provided a fine tree with its
trimmings. Surely our friends have
made it possible for our little ones to
have a Merry Christmas.
These things indicate the awakening
Of the churches within the state to
their obligation to our financial pro-
blems. A glance over our books re-
veals the fact that many of our church
es are putting this work in their be-
nevolent program for from $3.50 to
5000 per. year. The smaller churches
are continually surprising us by their
liberality. This financial system has
made it possible to pay our bills at the
end Of each month and do more than
$4,000 worth, of improvements since
June 1st. We have been assured that
many of our Pennington friends
would be glad to have the opportunity
to add to our store of fruit and vege-
tables. To this end we have decided
to observe New Years Day by OPEN
ing the Home to our friends , at which
time they can bring any gift they de-
sire. We wish that all our friends
may have as happy Christmas as
you have helped to give the children
of ElmWood Home.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
The Passing of
"The Republic

The st. Louis Star prods the Globe
Democrat over its ostentatious pledge,
in taking over the Republic, that real
izing its responsibility as the only st.
Louis morning paper it would print
the news accurately and fairly with
out fear or favor" The inference it
hoped would be drawn from this su-
pervirtuous assumption was that DEM
ocrats, who were forced by the Re-
public's transfer to accept the Globe
Democrat in lieu of morning Demo-
cratic paper for all political as we'll
as other information, would find it all
that they desired.
AS an instance of the G.-D.'s sim
cerity the Star cites the formers
glaring headline in big black type
across the top of its first page of last
Thursdays edition, attracting atten-
ton to rumor of charges in Pres
ident Wilson's Cabinet, which read
"Wilson Faces Cabinet Crisis" The
effect of such a caption, which the
body of the article from it's Washing
ton, bureau of correspondence did not
bear out, is obvious as well as its pur-
pose-to create an impression that
the administration is going to pieces.
As to the Globe-Democrat's self
glorifying pledge of fairness in deal
ing with political news, no thoughtful
Democrat in the State was for mo-
ment fooled. "Can the Ethiopian
change his skin or the leopard his
spots?" That the CD. is a great
general newspaper is admitted, but
its intense partisan bias at all times
has been pronounced and will continue
to be so. 1t is true that 1t has sup
ported the League of Nations pact,
but so have other Republican papers,
for that is in no senes a partisan
question, although Senator Lodge and
his followers have tried to make it so
appear, and the G.-D.'s support of it
in view Of the recognized sentiment Of
the people generally was the obvious
policy for an astute journal to pur-
sue.
The Globe-Democrat is a Republi.
can party organ and we do not blame
or criticise its partisan bias. We expect
it to make the most favorable show
ing for its party and to minimize the
policies and purposes of the Demo-
cratic and all other opposing political
organizations. Nor do we blame it
for taking over the Republic, monop-
olizing the field of morning journalism
in st. Louis, and thus crippling the
Democratic organization of the State
and depriving it of an advocate and
defender in our great metropolis.
That is good political tactics and stra-
tegy. But what can we say of {,
former owners of theAsRvpublic that
permitted such thing to be done?
There is not thoughtful and sin
cere Democrat in the State who does
not look upon the sudden and never
to-be-dreamed-of transaction as little
less than a calamity. And it could
easily have been prevented if it had
been known that any such disgrace
full trade was contemplated. d. r.
Francis, whom the Democrats of this
State and National Democratic ad-
ministrations haYe honored and trust
ed, was the reputed majority stock
holder and wielder of the papers pol
icy, and he has been exploited by it
as perhaps no other public man ever
was; and because of this there has
been some criticism of its manage
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26

ment, which for several years has not
been all that it should have been as
a great metropolitan newspaper. Yet
the Democrats of the State looked to
it largely for guidance and informa-
tion along party lines.
Why did Mr.. Francis permit the
Republic to be swallowed head and
ears by the Globe-Democrat If his
association with the paper did not
prove a financial success to him and
he did not wish to longer hold on, why
could he not have made other ar
rangements instead of--shall we say
surreptitiously-- turning over the
whole plant, bag, baggage and fran
chises, to political rival? He is a
man who, with his commercial back
ing, and his standing and influence in
the Democratic party, could have cas-
lily promoted and organized stock
company of reliable Democrats to take
over the paper and plant and make it
better, more Influential and more
successful party and newspaper than
1t ever has been.
But, no! The publication Of the Re
public, which for more than cen
tury had fought the battles of De-
mocracy and was looked upon by many
as their political bible, was not only
suppressed, but all of its invaluable
franchises, Associated Press news and
telegraphic service was turned over to
political rival, giving it a monopo-
ly of the field of morning journalism
in the great and growing city Of st.
Louis, so that no other morning DEM
ocratic daily newspaper may be pub
lished in that city without the Globe
Democrats permission and consent,
because without that consent it could
not secure the Associated News tele-
graphic service, without which a
great metropolitan newspaper cannot
hope to survive.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
A Real Service

The secretary of the Y. M. G. A..
at Flat River, T. C. Marsh, informs
The Times that the services of that
organization may be used to locate
tho relatives or friends OF people liv-
ing in this country, from whom they
have not been able to get any word
Such service comes at a3time when, it
is much needed, because many people
who have not heard from the people
in the old country are inclined to re-
turn in order to find out about them.
Conditionsiin those countries are such
that it Is unwise to do this, as their
presence only adds to the great diff
fieulties that already exist in those
countries. Our information is that it
would be much lbetterito try to locate,
Impossible, thesel rel atives through the
Y. M C. Az or some similar organiza-
ton doing this kind Of work.
4 Those wishing to avail themselves
Of TINS infornatiori' may apply to the
Secrstarys Ofathe Y. M. G. A. at Flat
River.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
II. S. Pupils Spread
Christmas Cheer

AS an indication of the true Christ
mas spirit, the pupils of the Farm
ington High School are bringing
Christmas cheer to the children of the
Elmwoed Home of this city in the
form of dolls and a Christmas tree.
A movement was started last week in
the High School, the purpose of which
was to secure enough dolls from the
girls in the High School to supply
each girl in the Home with one. The
appeal met with liberal response and
more than enough dolls were secured,
the surplus number being turned over
to the Charity Board. The boys of
the High School came in for their
share of the good work by securing a
! mas tree, buying the decorations
for It and helping the girls set it up
and decorate it.
The children in the Home will un-
doubtedly have merry, merry Christ
mas around their Christmas tree, re-
joicing in the Christmas cheer that
has been brought to them by the High
School pupils, as well as many other
friends over the state who have done
their part.
The credit for having suggested and
carried out this plan for the enliven-
ing and Frightening of Christmas for
the children in the Home is due to
Miss Roberta Tetley, of the High
School faculty, who has had charge
of the details of the work and who
supervised the dressing of the dolls
and the decorating of the tree.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
PUBLIC SCHOOL PUPILS
ENJOYING XMAS VACATION

To the surprise and joy of the pu-
pills of the local public schools, the
Board of Education announced Tues
day that the schools would close that
afternoon at four o'clock for the
Christmas vacation, one-half day ear
lier than had been expected. The pu-
pills received the glad news in a hilar-
ious manner and seemed much pleas
ed that they would get a respite Of
over a week from their books.
Several of the rooms held appropri-
ate Christmas exercises Tuesday af-
ternoon and all the pupils seemed in
a fair way to make it a pleasant
Christmas season.
School will remain closed until
Monday, January 5, when it will open
again ready for the last half of the
years work.
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26
Biz Cut in Price of Living is the.
Forecast With DawninS of New Year

tion in the face of the recently re-
newed demand of railroad workers
for an increase in pay. The railroad
shopmen publicly--and other railroad
craft tacitly-agreed in August with
the suggestion Of President Wilson to
postpone their demands for increased
pay for ninety days, to await efforts
of the government to bring down
prices.
Tn August" the Attorney Generals
statement says in connection with de-
mands for increased wages by rail
road shopmen, based on the increased
cost of living, the President announced
to the public in view that the cost of
living would be lowered as soon as
there were settled conditions of pro-
duction and Of commerce, as soon as
the treaty of peace was ratified and
as soon as merchants, manufacturers,
farmers and miners had certain ba-
sis Of calculation.
More Production Needed
In statement to the shopmen
themselves the President declared
that the primary step was to increase
production and facilitate tranaporta-
tion, so as to make up for the destruc-
tion wrought by the war and the ter
rible scarcities it created. The Pres
ident added that the government had
taken up, with all possible vigor, the
task of bringing the profiteer to book,
making the stocks of necessaries in
the country available at lower prices,
stimulating production and facilitat-
ing distribution.
"The government inaugurated at
that time to gain control over the
cost of living has been largely in the
hands of the Department of Justice,
1t should be helpful to point out what
has already been accomplished and
what further steps are in contempla-
tion. To alleviate the situation, it is
necessary to look back and ascertain
what the trend of prices has been in
the past years.
Taking retail food prices as a ba-
sis, the index number of the United
States Bureau of Labor Statistics
from 1911 to 1919 indicate that up to
1919 there has been noticeable trend
upward in such prices in the fall of
the year, whereas since August this
Concluded on Page 4)
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1919-12-26

Washington, Dec. 22.-Expectation
of a decline in retail food prices be-
ginning between January ! and March
1 was expressed tonight by Attorney
General Palmer in a statement sum
ming up the efforts of the govern
ment to date In forcing down the cost
of living.
"The cost of living, already under
control" said the Attorney General,
"can be reduced if every one who pro-
duces will produce his utmost, if those
who buy and consume will save and
eliminate extravaganza and if all hon
est people will join with the Depart
ment of Justice in stamping out pro-
fiteering and boarding"
Explaining that downward trend
in retail food prices ordinarily was
shown during the first two months OF
a year, Palmer said it was the hope
of the government "that this trend
will be accelerated this year by the
campaign initiated by the govern
ment, which is just now getting well
under way"
Although statistics compiled by the
government show that in previous
years retail food prices increased dur
ing the fall months, Mr.. Palmer said
that since August this year such pric-
es had been maintained practically sta
tionary.
Only since October %, when neces-
sary amendments to the Lever food
control act were passed, the Attorney
Generals statement said, has it been
possible to. deal effectively with all
cases of profiteering and boarding.
From October 20 to date, 179 prose-
cutions have been instituted, and pros
ecutions and seizures have covered
eighteen States, it was added.
Cut in Clothing Prices
Due to cooperation between the
government and various retail mer-
chants associations, the statement
said, prevailing profits of clothing had
been reduced from to so per cent.
The statement, which was issued
with the authorization of the govern
ment officials associated with the At
torney General in the campaign to
force down living costs, including Di-
rector General of Railroads Hines,
was considered in some quarters as a
summary of the governments posi-