davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
BOYS SOW PAYS $3344a .ooDFIT

Washington, February 16.-Three hum
 dred and eighty-five dollars in less than
 a year-that's the clear profit a young
 SOW gave the Van Dorm boys-twins-
 who live in Harris county, Texas. The
 orists in farm management and the like
 might figure up a pretty big bill Of
 costs against the SOW, to be deducted
 from the profit she has made but the
 Van Dorn twins know that such fig
 ures would not tell the truth. because
 they've got the money in their pockets or they did have it.
 The SOW and her progeny did eat l6 bushels of corn, worth $24 and they did range over five acres of pasture, consid- cred to be worth $25. These two items, a total of $49, have already been charged to the SOW, to be deducted from her gross revenue of $434. The remaining $3S5 is clear profit. because the rest of the feed consisted of slop and surplus milk that would have been thrown away had there been no pigs and peanuts and sweet po- tatoes gleaned by roofing patches after the crops had been harvested as carefully as possible. N The SOW, as a pig, was furnished to l the twin boys of w. F. Van Dorn of the Pasadena neighborhood by the agricul- | tural department of the Chamber of , Commerce of Houston. Tex She farrowed l her first litter of pigs April 4. 1918. One
 died and two were given in payment for | the SOW. The other four were grown, fat 1 tened and killed to furnish the family supply of pork and lard. Another litter oe six pigs came later in the year and are now on the farm-good sized shotes | in first class condition. The SOW will | farrow a third litter of pigs before long. i! The account now stands this way:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
COTTON REDUCTION

A rousing meeting was held at the La fayette courthouse last Friday, attended by at least 150 prominent business men and farmers of Chambers county for the purpose of discussing the proposed re- dIction in cotton acreage for the year 1919, which proved to be a lively subject
 The Alabama extension service at Au- burn furnished two speakers for the occa- sion, Prof. J. F. Duggar it's director, and D. J.. Burleson, crop specialist, while County Agent w. M Sellers presided over the meeting. In his talk Professor Dug gar urged conservatism on the part of the farmers present, so far as next years cotton crop was concerned. both as re- garding acreage planted and regarding methods and plans for reduction. The after discussion, which was very general, developed a consensus of opinion that Chambers county would agree to any req sonable reduction deemed necessary to maintain 1918 price levels. The sense Of the meeting was finally crystallized by a pledge of the farmers of Chambers county to produce practically all of their supply of food and feed at home, partly or the ground of economy and partly in a desire to effect at least per cent reduction in the cotton acreage. This seemed to be the opinion as to the aver age reduction Chambers county should make under present conditions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Dairy Outlook in South

kimballs Dairy Farm. published at Waterloo. la. by Hugh Van Pelt, is one of two national magazines recognized as authorities in the dairy world. The two January issues, under the caption, Dairy Review for 191S'' contain a most valua- ble and interesting series of articles, from the professors of dairy husbandry in the agricultural colleges of 20 differ ent states. each one setting forth in brief review the past history of the industry in his locality and enumerating the ac- tual conditions of the present. as well as the advantages and opportunities or the future. This reliable review of the dairy industry of the country is most valuable at this time.
 Alabama is represented in the series by an article from inc pen of l. P. Quin- erly. dairy specialist of the Alabama ex- tension service at Auburn. and it's publi- catio-: has stimulated interest in Ala bar,S dairying. from many sources out side f the state, inquiries being received from Ohio. Michigan. Iowa and as far out as Washington Anyone in need of q frst-ciass farm manager efficient herdsman should communicate with IT. Quinerly.
 The assistant editor. himself, of Kim balls Dairy Farmer, John w. Wright, pays the toiolWlng trlDute to the sOuth as a dairying section:
 "In editing and arranging material for the January issues of Kimballs Dairy Farmer, I was especially interested in what you had written in regard to the accomplishments and the aspirations along dairy lines in Alabama. 1 feel free to say that you, follows are showing progressive spirit far beyond that shown by some of the older-I might say more lethargic--dairy communities.
 Tt did me lot of good personally to note this condition, because as assistant editor of I<imball's Dairy Farmer and The Milk Trade Journal, l have tried to bring about a better recognition of south ern conditions in full knowledge of the fact that from the standpoint of agricul- tural and financial necessity, together with climatic advantages the southern part of the country is bound to become our foremost patron of dairying. It is the natural place for the dairy business to grow
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Housing Conditions

Losses of live stock due to disease are less on farms operated under reasonaoiV sanitary conditions, and are siight III proportion to those on farms where mo- special attention is given to making the housing conditions sanitary. A man about to embark in the live stock industry should hesitate, say officials or tue United States department of agriculture. unless he is able to supply Dulid'ngsi suitably equipped to maintain at least fair standard of hygiene. The prevalence of diseases. particularly tuberculosis, andt their rapid spread in communities where large numbers of animals are confined Tn dark. damp. poorly ventilated buildings especially of bank-barn type-and the nonprevalence of similar diseases among animals which are allowed to roam at, large. illustrates the importance Of con- structing barns so that the live stock may have abundant natural light and pure air.
 Sanitary barn construction means the liberal use of concrete and glass. rms does not necessarily mean expensive con struction. The sanitary barn should be built on a site that has the advantages of good natural drainage and good water supply. The surroundings should be in keeping with the interior construc1 ton. Barnyards and exercising lots should be secondary in consideration tos sanitation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20

acre of fruit to consist of the common fruits and berries adapted to this lat itude is also suggested
 l The corn meal and wheat flour sup
 plies for the average farm family
 should be home raised from one acre of corn and three acres of wheat while one-half an acre of sugar cane or sor- ghum will yield the essential 61 gal
 Ions of sirup for the use of five farm adults.
 TWO cows that will produce a naver- age of two gallons of milk apiece daily 1 for 10 months, which should be bred to l freshen about six months apart, will
 provide the milk, butter and cottage | chesee rations, in addition to raising a couple of calves each year which may be sold for veal or matured as future
 recruits fer the dairy products squad.
 In one southern community a beef club 1 Of 15 farmers has been formed. Each | member of the club agrees to grow
 fatten and dress at least one beef ami
 mai every 15 months for distribution | among the members Of the club This simple scheme provides an abundant 1 supply of fresh beef at times when it l is needed.
 | To supply the pork and pork prod- l ucts for the average farm family re-
 quires one pig for each adult person I unless the family is very small it will 1 be profitable to keep one brood SOW to
 produce these pigs. It is generally practicable to raise the pigs intended ] for the home pork supply on waste products of the kitchen, garden, farm
 and orchard.
 l A farm flock of between 30 and 100 fowls. exclusive of young chickens, will provide eggs and poultry for the fam | fly table as well as a surplus, which
 can be exchanged at the store for gro
 ceries. These fowls can rustic a living around the farm with the supplement 1 tary feeding of table sccraps and some
 grain during the winter. It is good
 management, however, to raise about 1 two acres of corn and two acres of oats | for the hens. To produce the necessary feed for the family live stock, considering aver
 age yields. will require corn fodder
 from acres. 5la acres corn for grain,
 cotton seed meal from the seed of the | 6A acres of cotton. 3 acres cowpeas,
 ? acres of oats. and F acres of oat hay. as well as 5 acres of good Bermu- da grass or other local pasturage It
 is well also to provide acres of rye,
 corn and sorghum for emergency soil
 ing purposes in case the grass gets ] short.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Extra Price for Butter


 That it pays to learn how to make good butter and to market only that kind is the experience hundreds of Arkansas housewives have had durins the past year. The home demonstra- tion agents of the United States de- partment of agriculture and the state agricultural college. undertook a cam paign which had for it's object the in struction of farmers wives in the art of making Al butter. Experts went to every part of the state to coach tae buffers makers. and farmers wives flocked to the demonstrations. To use special cartons with the All brand was the reward given those who learned how to make the perfect variety. But ter put up in these All cartons sells from 10 cents to 15 cents higher than the ordinary kind, for the consumers of the state have been taught what the brand stands for, and they are willing to pay an evtra price for extra quality. The average increase of price obtained by those who learned to make butter which satisfied the require- ments of the home demonstration agent was 10k cents pound. The makers of superfine cottage cheese in the state are allowed to use very similar package.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20

The originar SOW. ss0Aee:x shotes s6o;
 800 pounds of Npofk, $22f3 9 gallons of
 lsrd, so These fouritetn make total
 of sfS4 from which deduction of s49
 is to be made for corn and pasture.
 Those figures prove that hog raising
 eli the farms of Harris county, Tex, is
 profitable Edt the caution to be written
 at the bottom of the story is: Do not
 carry figures too far. Making figures
 in rithn etic fashion, you would have this: If one SOW makes a profit of
 S3sa. leo sows would make profit of
 SJs,5o0. That is perfectly good arithmetic but it is not good farming
 The big profit in hog raising on south ern farms, the specialists of the United States department of agriculture point out, is made where the farm family keeps
 enough hogs to consume all the waste products. to convert into money the things
 that would otherwise be lost, and that can be kept on a minimum of bought or stored feed. Every dollar got out of that number of hogs is practically clear Lrofit. Peyond that point the profit l dWi ilLleS.
 The number of hogs that can be pro- 1 fitably kept is, of course, d matter that each farm family must determine for it. | self. In some cases it may be one SOW. In others it may be six or dozen or 1 any number of sows On every farm | there is some waste that pigs could | convert into money. On most farms it | probably amounts to at least as much as on the Van Dorn farm at Pasadena, where, in one year, the twin boys made | one SOW produce enough revenue to buy l a whole new set of furniture for mother
 or to keep sister in college for year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Here's Hoping

Strict enforcement of the statewide cattle fever tick eradication passed at the present session of the Alabama les islature should result in a tickless Ala bama at an early date. said the report at the national tick eradication con ference from pr. R. F. Jackson, in spector in charge assigned to Alabama by the bureau of animal industry of the United States department of agri- cultue
 The A counties remaining quaran- tined because of the tick have proved a constant menace to the tick-free counties they adjoin. Dr. Jackson said. Public opinion throughout the state, he said. has become determined that the cattle industry is of more impor- tance than the deadly tick, and that the tick must go.
 His report said;
 Previous to 1915 two counties and portion of a county in Alabama had eradicated the cattle tick. but this worlE was virtually started in earnest when legislation was enacted mak ing the work compulsory in counties where a majority of the citizens voted for it to be done. Early during that year nine counties so voted and were freed from ticks by regular use of the dip ping vats.
 'uFinS the spring or the IollOWlnS year G919) v counties voted to get rid of this pest: 251S vats were con- structed. General dipping of all cat tie in these counties began on q larger scale than had heretofore been done. During the year there were 5,140.21S cattle dipped in the state and 16 of these counties succeeded in rid ding themselves of ticks.
 During 1911. II more counties were rid of ic1yc ir, !, ,ir \ four more entered the list of those freed from ticks. making total of 43 of Alabama's 67 counties released from cattle tick quarantine
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Disinfect Seed Potatoes

The same disinfectant as applied to wheat last fall to control smut can be used to control the common scab on Irish potatoes. This disease. as well as several other potato diseases, are carried on the seed. All these dis eases can be largely controlled where potatoes are planted on new land each year by disinfecting the seed before planting. There are several ways of doing this but the method recommend ed for the average grower is to use formalin. Use it at the same strength as for wheat. l pint of the 40 per cent formalin solution, costing about 50 cents, to 30 gallons of water. Ordi- narily the seed are put into sack and immersed in this solution for 1A to hours. It has been found that the treatment can be reduced to Is min utes if the solution is heated to 122 degrees Fahrenheit. Besides saving time, the treatment is probably more effective when the solution is warmed. The formalin solution can be used over and over until it is gone. The seed must be treated before cutting. and it is better if they can be spread out to dry after being treated.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
THE AVERAGE SOUTHERN FARM

Family food the average southern
 farm should produce:
 Garden-White potatoes, 1-3 acres;
 sweet potatoes. F acre: vegetables 2-3 acre: fruit F acre.
 One hog equivalent to 13S pounds or pork for each adult.
 Sufficient eggs and poultry for home
 use from 30 to 100 fowls.
 One acre of corn for meal. Three acres of wheat for flour. Sirup and sugar for family use from
 F acre of sugar cane or sorghum.
 Two cows to provide milk butter and cottage cheese.
 Enough grain, hay and pasturage should be grown for all the live stock, including two or more work animals. THE AVERAGE FAMILY How much food for the family should the southern farm produce" Sufficient to supply adequately the needs of the family throughout the year, so as to minimize the purchases of foodstuffs" urges the United States department of agriculture in a publi- cation just issue. Farmers Bulletin 1915, Producing Family and Farm Supplies on the Cotton Farm To reduce the traditional discrep- ancy between the family food produc-
  cotton farm and to develop self-suf- ficiency of home grown rations, neces- sitates a radical change in the cropping system of the southern farmer. It in- wolves big opportunity for the ail- cotton man to rid himself permanently of the bonds of the advance credit sys- tenn which heretofore has favored the importation of his bean, bacon and bread supplies from the northern and acta sta a nricaS often unrea- sonable, consequent on middlemen profits.
 Southern farmers are urged to raise more vegetables and fruits on their farms for family use. Favored With a long growing season and plenty or rainfall gardening Tn this region is an easy and certain means of decr1ls- ing the annual canned goods bill. One group of 35 town families which be- came interested in vegetable raising as a means of self defense aganist high l living costs, raised an average of ap- | proximately $50 worth of food per
 family on gardens ranging in size from 1 300 to 499 square yards. The average cash outlay for these gardens was:
 Labor, s1.51; seeds. s1.51; fertilizer i 52c; total cost of s35d.
 One man on three quarters of an acre recently raised for his family of four
 persons Il kinds of vegetables. to the l value of s97.20: cash outlay of $5 for preparation and $2 for seeds. Aonther man grew $S7.9o worth of veg
 etables on 1A acres at an expense of $7.20. Forty-two quarts of this pro-
 duce was canned, while $2S worth was
 sold, the balance being consumed by 1 the family.
 1 For farm family of five adults. the 1 federal department of agriculture rec
 ommends d garden of 11a acres. com !! taining about two-third os an acre of vegetables as well as one-haif cc-4 of late sweet potatoes and one-rhird ere | of late white potatoes. One-half ai
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
"In and Out O. Luck

By C. J. BECKER Sukey is failing an Buck is sick, All on count O the cattle tick. My profits are dwindln', My cattle are spindlin,' I'm all out O luck While the cattle ticks suck. My pastors good an my corn cribs full, And O them both don't stint my bull. With all O my feedin' His weights recedn;' He's all out O luck While the cattle ticks suck We don't get 'nough milk for the table, To sell any I'm sure plumb unable. The chaps are cryin,' Ole Miss is asighin;' We're all out O luck While the cattle ticks suck Eradicate cattle ticks.' said Ole Maj
 Brown When we talked it over on the way t,
 town. "The ticks II be slippin' When you begin dippin; They'll be all out O luck With no cattle blood to suck
 Postlude: Straightway he built him vat, Dipped ticks before they got fat. He's now light hearted an gay, Singin all thru the day; I'm in great luck. Without cattle ticks to suck The blood of my cattle away"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Pigs Take Auto Ride

New Mexico is getting pure bred pigs by automobile. Four, last summer, had a ride of nearly 100 miles into the heart of New Mexico. The county agricultural agent and the boys and girls club leader arranged this s'personally conducted
 tour for the Duroc Jersey, so the pig club members of Monticello should not be disappointed. The clubs are popu- lar institutions in New Mexico and the keeping of pure bred animals is being encouraged by the club leaders and the county agents. In Sierra county. where before the club work not one pure bred hog was to be found. 20 were distributed
 in a few weeks last summer. her 1G had auto rides of nearly as srea. length through the mountain valleys Of the county as the first four. for some
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Inspecting Markets

The food products inspection service of the bureau of markets. United State department of agriculture. has been eN-s tended until it now covers 45 large re-
 ceiving markets. As shippers and re-. ceiyers become acquainted with the serv4' ice, which supplies a neutral inspection for pershables, the condition of ship-s ments improves owing to better pac'Snsl and loading of cars, while the operatio' of the service has tended to prevent losS' through delays in unloading cars. Al though as first established the service re ceived applications only from shippers,a recent legislation broadens it's work and applications for inspection are now re- ceived from shippers, receivers, dealersf and other interested persons, nomlna fee being charged in each instance.
 Among commendations of the inspec- tion service received from farmers an
 shippers organizations is the lndorS
 ment of the American Fruit and Vee table Shippers association in resc tion passed at a recent convention.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Unusual Merit

The most enjoyable thing to a lover of tobacco Is a good, rich. ripe. mei- low chew or smoke. The Gaulden To- bacco Co. of Dukedom. Tenn. will mail you absolutely free sample of Honest Homegrown, Homespun leaf tobacco for you to test for yourself the deli cious flavor and fragrant aroma of this excellent tobacco. If you do not want to wait for sample. send $1 for trial 2-lb. package. either chewing or smoking. strong or mild. This com pany guarantees satisfaction and you take no risk by ordering.-Adv.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Farm Items

Improvements or conveniences for cows will greatly lessen the labor required in their care make it more pleasant, and at the some time cause the cows to pro- duce more milk. The COW must be kept ia clean, comfortable quarters in order to produce the largest quantity of milk and butter The essentials of such quarters are: Plenty of light; plenty of fresh air, with no drafts; convenience; and a floor that can easily be kept clean.
 One town of 2000 people in Georgia pro- duced $500 pounds of pork from pigs raised in back yards during .1918 The production of this meat was stimulated largely by pig club work conducted by the State College of Agriculture, in CO., operation with the United States depart men of agriculture
 The meat inspection service of the United States department of agriculture supervised the slaughtering of over a million head more cattle in October. 1918, than in October, 1917. That additional protection to the American table came as the result of additional war time tasks
 A good water supply, complete sew age disposal plant, and effective heating and lighting systems constitute the four prime utilities of the farm home, the foundations of safe, comfortable living
 At the close of the fiscal year 1918 ac- tive cooperation in soil survey work was in operation with % states and with four bureaus of the federal government. There are about 4O,000 paid member ships in the County Farm Bureau asso- citations in Minnesota. There are s6 as- sociatons in the state.
 The up-to-date orchardist will know just what each spray application is in tended to do and will realize the impor- tance of spraying at the proper time and in the proper way
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-02-20
Hatch Early for Eggs

Early matched bullets properly grown and matured will begin to lay during the fall and early winter when fresh eggs are scarce and when egg prices are at their very highest point. It will make great deal of differ ence in the returns from the flock whether the bullets lay fairly well during the winter or whether they do not begin to lay until spring, for in either case they will be consuming feed. Practically any bullet. whether late or early matched or even a very old hen, will lay during the spring season, but it is the early matched bullets which. must be depended upon for eggs during the fall and winter. The practice of matching early as coE- pared with matching late will enable the poultry keeper to receive the very considerable added profit due to the production of winter eggs, and in many cases will make all the difference be- tween loss and a good profit from the poultry flock. Therefore. practice early matching and secure winter eggs. It is very important.