Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1919-05-06
THE PORT OF FIUME
Important Adriatio City on Which Ital.
ians Have Set Their cIaIms.

| ians Have Set Their Ciaims.
| IF Trieste was the Bremen of Aus
tria, Fiume was the Hamburg Of the
Hungarian kingdom close rival for
the sbrisk Adriatic trade Of the period
before the war; said a bulletin of the
National Geographic society.
| The bulletin on Fiume is the third
in series of geographic news bulle-
tins dealing with places Of the for
mer dual empire which may fall either
to Italy or to the Jugo-Slav nation.
"Fiume is another Of those foot
| holds on the eastern Adriatic-where
Italians chung fast despite the steady
influx of Slavs in the interior, and
in this case even into Fiume itself.
Thus the city bears evidence of early
italian culture, 1t figured as a po-
tent Slav factor in the turmoil Of Bal
kan politics, and 1t felt strongly the
influence Of Hungary upon its thriving
industries and fast growing commerce.
Magyar gerrymandering caused it
| to be annexed to Hungary in 1870,
despite the protest Of Croatia to which
| it had belonged since the revolution
of y1S4S-49. Tender consideration for
it's value as seaport, rather than for
its citizens, prompted its establishment
as q royal free town, making 1t a ge-
ographical slice of about seven square
-. ,J>o o,,< o,,f ~
Despite the Hungarian interest in
the city its pre-war population was
80 per cent Italian and Slav, with the
Italians slightly predominant. Only
about half the remaining tenth were
Hungarians. The Slays included
Croats, Serbs and Slovenes. AS I'M
portant to Hungary as are New York
or Boston to the United States, Fumes
total population is not much greater
than such suburbs of those Ameri-
can! ports as East Orange, N. ], or
Bfockton, Mass.
'FYume is situated on the north
east shores of the Gulf Of Quarnero,
only 70 miles, by rail, southeast OF its
trade rival, Trieste. Across the bay
is the popular summer resort. ABB
bazia, famed for its evergreen laurel
and profusion Of roses to which tens OF
thousands of visitors formerly throng-
ed each summer.
"The older town, distinctively Ital-
ian, is built on the hillside, overlook
ing the gulf. The newer city lies
nearer the waterfront. There are three
harbors. The largest, accommodating
$50 .yessels, is protected by a break
water halfpa mile long. The quay is
nearly two miles long.
Before the war Fiume manufac-
fltusug plants included government
tobacco factory, the Whitehead tor
lpedo works, a rice shelling factory,
la petroleum refinery, and many SMALL
er plants, among which were sawmilis
and paper-mills. It's fisheries constl-
ltuted an important industry. 1t ex-
Iported sugar, grain, -four, horses and
Timber.
"Fiume had governor, who was
member Of the upper house OF the
Hungarian parliament, four ,represen-
I'tatives in the lower house, and two
Representatives in the diet of the Gro
batians and Slovenes.
"originating in Roman times, Fiume
was destroyed by Charlemagne IN Ivy.
bThe Franks ruled it for considerable
|Iperiod. Then it passed to feudal LORDS
until the Emperor Frederick Ill mace
lit a part Of Austria.
"This emperor, who was FREDERICK
". as archduke of Austria, was the son
of Ernest, the man Of iron and GYM
burga, a Polish woman, from whom
the Hapsburgs are thought to have
inherited the protruding lower lip
(which sometimes became a dishgure-
ment. His long and inconsequentiai
lreien Is recalled chiefly because ne
puzzled photographers by leaving on
his hooks. pottery, and having inscr1p-
led on his tomb, the initials "A. Z. l. w.
u a promissory note OF future AUS
trian greatness which FREDERICK oio
little to realize. The most generaliy
accepted explanation is that the ini-
tails stood for the Latin, 'Austriae Est
lrmperari Orbi Universe meaning All
the earth is subject to|Austria-'
"Charles w proclaimed .Ffume a
free port. Maria Theresa first united
Il with Hungary. Successfully oc-
cupiied by the French and British 1t
reverted to Austria and later was re-
stored to Hungary before it was ceded
to Croatia
international Naval Police.-A large