davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

was successful In his war on the
"sausages" because, utterly needless
Of the storm Of bullets from the Ger
man guns protecting the balloons, he
sailed close to the big bags and fairly
ripped them open with fuslllade.
Once, in twenty minutes, he put down
two balloons, two fighting Fokkers
and q photographlng airship.
On his last night, as the explana-
tory story, gathered from German
sources, runs, LUKE downed two bal
looms and started for n third, pur-
sued by a German squadron. He
got" the third balloon and a fourth
and then, wounded and ten miles be-
hind the enemy lines, he descended q
little south of the Woevre forest, fred
the last bullets from his machine gun
into German troops and, scorning to
surrender, drew his pistol and fought
until shot to death.
A bad soldier he was, according
to standards Of discipline, for he few
when and where he pleased, remained
away from headquarters If he chose
and appeared to have the same con-
tempt for orders that he had for the
enemy. Possessed of an ambition to
equal in a single year the record Of
FoNCK, who at that time had sixty
official victories. the Arizona youth
he was only 21-went furiously at
the mark. His exploit of fourteen
official victories in eight days stands
unequalled, RIcKENBAcKER thinks, in
the history of air fighting.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
How Frank Luke Died.

One Of the mysteries Of the war
In the air seems at last to be solved.
1t concerns the fate Of FRANK LUKE,
an Arizona aviator attached to the
Twenty-seventh Squadron, who is
described by Captain RIoKENBAcKEB
as the greatest fighting pilot of the
war" In his book, Fighting the
Flying Circus" RIcKENBAcKER says
that LUKE, like GUYNEAlER, was "swal.
lowed by the Skies" never having
been heard Of after he sailed away
one evening to shoot down German
observation balloons.
1t is only now, eight months after
LUKE's disappearance, that the A. e.
F. newspaper, the Stars and Stripes
is able to tell what appears to be the
likely details of the airman's death
Balloons were LUKE's favorite game
They were hard to down, even a fam.
ing bullet seeming not to ignite the
gas, as RIcKENBAcKER and others FIRE,
quently found to their chagrln. LUKE
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

am constantly In touch with the
weishty matters of domestic policy
with which we have to deal"
How hollow was TINT promise, how
unsubstantial the ground for the Pres
dents professed happiness In the
thought that he was to be constantly
In touch with the weighty matters Of
domestic policy with which he and
the Congress would have to deal, We
learn now, after five months of an
experiment undertaken on his indi-
vidunl responsibility and against the
almost unanimous protest Of the ma
ton which elected him to be Its con-
stitutional President. He copfesses
that he Is and has long been out Of
touch with these weighty matters Of
domestic policy. He admits an ig-
norance of the state Of the Union
which amounts to positive disability
to perform an official duty Of prime
Importance imposed upon him, and
upon him alone, by the fundamental
law and by his oath.
Even more than this. In President
WILSON'S philosophy Of Executive su-
premacy, in his stubborn and pro-
gressive and unceasing efforts to take
upon himself the functions and pow
ers which the Constitution places
elsewhere, in his practical assertion
Of the right to interpret for himself
the will Of the people. not otherwise
than by himself formulated and ex-
pressed, this very provision in Sec
ton 2 Of Article II. has been his
mafnstay and chief reliance. The re-
qulrement ito recommend" to the
Congress "such measures as he shall
judge necessary and expedlent" has
always meant to his mind a warrant
to 60 to the extreme Of political CO.
ercion to force through Congress the
measures he judges necessary and ex-
pedlent. And now, on an errand not
recognized by the Constitution, from
a distance of three thousand miles
from the seat Of Government, out of
touch with the questions of domestic
policy. wireless and cables having
failed for nearly half year to keep
him in touch, he telegraphs this as
founding confession Of disability.
There is another provision of the
Constitution which relates to the now
confessed disability Of a President.
II Is contained in the first section of
this same Article III. In case Of the
inability Of n President ito discharge
the powers and duties Of the said
Office the same shall devolve on the
Vice-President."
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
Bishop Greer.

Bishop DAVID H.. GREER died as he
had wished to die, working to the
last. He had not spared himself in
his devotion to his duty during all
his life, and he could see no reason
why his industry should cease as he
lay facing death.
A life of such masterful activity
had Its reward In multiplicity OF
accomplishments. His unusual abil-
ity as an organizer was displayed as
rector Of st. Bartholomew and after
ward as the head of the Protestant
Episcopal Church in the metropolitan
district Of New York. He took up
the work Of building the Cathedral
Of st. John the Divine where his
predecessor. Bishop POTTER had
dropped it at his death. He sue
ceeded in completing several sections
of this great building and the cathe-
dral will ever stand as a noble re-
minder of his energy and his faith.
Bishop GREER was not alone a great
churchman; he was a patriotic and
eminently useful citizen. He was de-
voted to the city which was his
home; he sought to develop its beauty
and to promote its civic righteous
ness. He displayed his high quail
ties of citizenship during the war by
ever seeking to render all the service
In his power to the defence and glory
Of his country.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
EVENTS TO-DAY.

salvation Army drive for .IscOO.Oco,
senior elias. Fordham University. dinner.
Hotel Pennsylvania, p. M
Philip b. Kennedy. Commercial Attachs
OF the American Embassy in London, viii
be the guest of the American Manufac-
the Hotel MeAlpin at 1880 P. NJ
George p. Richter and DR.. Moses osiAs
C Sour, speak PAX S on The pOmsstie Relat9S.
forum of the Humanitarian League, 26s
West End avenue. at s;l5 P. NJ.
The Red Cross Institute for Crippled
motion pictures OF foreign and American
Irainins lo.l2 A. NJ. III p. NJ, lol East
Lawson Purdy. will talk on The Hous.
Chamber of Commerce, s p NJ
The Metropolitan Museum or Art. evt.-
htion OF ornament in prints and drGwinE'
FOR designers and craftsmen, open ona!
meeting Hotel Aston, p, NJ.
American Brush Manufacturers meet
Ing, al day. dinner P. NJ. Hotd Penn.
National Association OF Manufac,sre-.
OF the United States, waIdOrf-Astora. all
Wholesale stationers Association o. ,Ne
day.
The Accountant. Club, meeting Hotel
Hotel Commodore. sP. NJ.
American Collcgs Alumni. annual dinner
Hotel Commodore. P NJ.
Mass meeting OF Jewish citizens 20 pr
test against massacres In eastern Europe
Madison Square Garden, S p NJ.
Bar Association smoker. address by ~.
William Rand on General Courts Marital
in the United States Army: Capt Adrien
de Pachmann will also speak. = Wee,
Forty fourth street. $3.50 p. NJ
Academy of St Joseph. Rreu'woof,
y. Y, commencement exercises, T.. "
The regular monthly meeting 90 ga
Harlem Council OF Women will he hold 10
the Harlem Library, . West l24th stree.
at p. NJ. The speakers will ho Ai'.
Laura Cauble, Deputy Commissi1ne-
Markets, on Economic Phase OF The F-ri
Question; Miss Sadie American, on 'Coi o.
munty Couucir': Mrs. Vance Ch"n"t O.
prevalence, Danger and Prevention o'
the Social Evil"
Concert ny the New York Military BanA
City Hall Park. IL noon.
The Hebrew Technical Institute corr,
mensement exercises, Cooper Union. w
P. NJ.
Foreign Commerce Club dinner. Ho''-
McAlpin. =. ",
Cathedral College. dinner, Hoe, M
international Association Of clothing
Designers meeting, Hotel McAip,n' '.'
r. ".
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
TRADE BRIEFS.

Diamonds to the total value OF $780,.
600. 900 have been mined in South Africa
De Beers contemplate the establishment,
OF a diamond cutting factory at Kimbsr-
ley. South Africa.
The total exports OF crude rubber from
Para and Manaos. Brazil. during January
1919. amounted to e.e24. elb pounds, com
pared with e4lo.oi3 pounds for the same
month In 1918.
The karakul 10 claimed to be the hardi-
est sheep in South Africa. and as a NUT
ton sheep Is said to be far superior to ths
Afrikander.
Consul Horace Lee Washington at liver,
pool England, has transmitted q list OF
importers OF raw cotton In that city, copie.
OF which can be obtained from the Bureay
OF Foreign and Domestic Commerce or II,
district or cooperative otnees by rsterrinl
TO File No. 1i4b2t.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

These three divisions had 631 prison
ers taken by the enemy.
The regular divisions had 1851 more
men killed than the National Guard and
National Army divisions.
The regular divisions had 22.165 more
men wounded than the National Guard
and National Army divisions,
The regular divisions casualties were
1895 more than the National Guard
and National Arm divisions.
Tho regular divisions had IA less
men taken prisoner than the National
Guard and National Army divisions.
This should be q fair comparison as
the newspapers describe the Twenty
seventh. Forty-second and seventy-sev.
enth as the crack divisions. while the
men OF the Regular Army and Marines
make the same statement about the
First, Second and Third Divisions.
The National Guard and the National
Army surely have "done their Bit" but
give the Devil his due!
]. ]. CAMPBELL
NEW York, May 10.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
"Be Ye Not Righteous Overmuch."

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir: ]
do not use tobacco or intoxicants In any
form, nor do know one game OF cards
from another. nor am acquainted
with any gambling games of any de-
scription. I have gone TO moving pic
ture theatres but once in about three
years, and as for the stage theatricals. ]
have not seen a play in about fifteen
years.
But do say with all my heart, soul
mind and strength. down with the re-
formers! They should all be tarred and
feathered and rode on rail, and then
be given a Jail sentence of six months
twice a year for life. or be hanged
drawn ana quartered. They are driv-
ing this country and all other nations
to Bolshevism or Socialism. which IL
about one and the same thing.
UNREFoRMEp.
BRooKLYN, May 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
A Lesson Taught by Hawker's Case

Never was there a man whose fail
ure-costing. 1t must be assumed, his
life-was more widely regretted than
HAwKER's. Added to the sorrow that
gallant sportsman is gone is the
natural pity that the world may never
know how far he and GRIEvE sailed
or what were the circumstances of
their tragedy. An echo OF this gen.
eral feeling vas heard In the House
Of Commons when the British Gov
eminent was criticised for having
taken no precautions to safeguard the
lives of these men who, though not
on an official errand, still were flying
for the glory of the empire as we'll
as to advance their own ambitions.
OF course these criticisms are futile
now except for what effect they may
have on the official attitude toward
the other aviators still waiting in
Newfoundland.
The more HAWKINS fate is consid-
cred, the more Americans may con-
graduate themselves and the Navy
Department upon the precautions
taken against the loss of the men in
our seaplane flight. The perils of the
transatlantic air route are illustrated
in the Gripping Of the One and the
Three. as we'll as in HAWKINS case.
At the same time the experience OF
the Americans proves that it pays,
when chances must be taken, to eIimi-
nate every possible chance that need
not be taken.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
SHOULD NOT WOMEN WORK
At NIGHTi
Nora Stanton Biatch Criticises the
Lockwood. Csulfield Law.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN--Sir: While
We are comfortably thinking Of good
times ahead a tragedy 10 being enacred
IN this great city. On May 10 the fore
runner Of the six bills to protect
women advocated by the woman's
Suffrage party and other uplft societies
became law. II In the Lockwood-Caul-
field transportation workers bill pre-
venting night work for women conduc-
tors, ticket choppers and ticket sellers.
and prohibiting thsm from working the
hours that the entire railroad schedule
Is based on.
To date seven hundred women. many
Of them widows with children. have been
laid Off on two days notice. Thousands
will have been laid of by the time the
bill comes into full operation.
The lady uplifters cannot plead that
they did not know that this would be
the result. Several women besides my
self warned them both at the hearing on
the bills ut Albany and at the Cooper
Union meeting. Because they pretend
that they think II 10 bad for women to
work at night they are sacrificing one
group OF highly paid women workers
after another-hrst the women printers
and proofreaders. now the women trans
portation workers, next the women ele.
vator operators. and 40 forth
Yet these very women who are hound
ing honest working women out OF their
jobs on the plea that night work 10 bad
for women think nothing of dancing hall
the night themselves and keeping their
women servants UP at these functions.
They do not try to prevent night work
for telephone operators or scrub women,
No. It Is only well paid night work that
Is bad for women.
As one lady uplifter ably expressed
IT, "some OF these Industrial women are
earning more than we can afford to pay.
II they can't get good Jobs as oonduc-
tors they will have to work for us as ser
wants"
So that Is 1t. The State Federation of
Labor cheerfully sponsored the bills be-
cause they wanted the Jobs for men. and
the lady uplifters helped because they
wanted to cheaper the market and get
the working women back in the servant
olass--the class that has no limit to tha
hours of labor no one days rest In
seven. no prohibition of night work.
Five hundred women transportation
workers who got wind of the bill in time
went on record against It: but what are
their obscure names as compared with
the charm and prestige Of the women
uplifters! NORA STANTON BLArcH
NEW YORK. May 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
CASUALTIES COMPARED.
Battle Records OF Regulars and 0thel
Crack Divisions.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-Sir: The
newspapers for some time have been
referring to the Forty-second (Ralnbow)
Division as shock troops" to the Twen-
ty-seventh (National Guard, New York;
Division as the Breakers of the Hin
denburg Line; to the seventy-seventh
(NationaI Army, New York; Division
as the "Conquerors Of the Argonne For
est" and nothing Is said OF the Regular
Army and very little OF the Marines.
So 1t Is about time to state few facts
given out by the War Department on
May Is. First 10 the record OF the
Twenty seventh. Forty-second and Sew
enty-seventh Divisions:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT

sicily. Messina, Vesuvius and \0r'.
by Prof Henry &c. Northrop, l.H"fa' j
by stereopticon views and motion J. d,
lures, +, $. 1Oi, lllth street Wee. ~
Lexington avenue.
america, the Fulnlment OF Froph'.'
by Mrs Mary Elizabeth Lease, J.. s.. 3D."
l77th street, near Audubon avenue.
Jefferson, the Great Demo,Ta''
Thomas McTiernan. Phi. d, central '"'-
ish Institute, ls5 East Eighty-hfh ST"
America. the Land of My Blrth'
Miss Loretta c. Ryan illustrated lF pa
triutic songs, old and new, hawthorne
School, Hawthorne, y. Y.
our Great Interior Basin: Oregon. n
vadH, Utah and Western COLORADO, 'F G.
J, Blanchard. at Hunter College. E.N'
eighth street and Lexington avenue. IT,
Illustrated by stereopticon views.
Chopin" by Giuseppe Rana"tt
illustrated at the plano. Hamilton or" a..
Library, 505 West l4bth street
Paul Jones and the Freedom n ~
Sea" by DIR, Henry r, Rose, at scam
Church Institute, rs South street '..t'-
trated by stereopticon views and r.l'n
pictures
Customs and Costumes IN Britain"
Miss Lavlnla s. Meday. at Harlem v ".
c. A, West l25th street. illustrated &.
stereopticon views
BRONX.
The cities OF Japan by sydney
FISHER, p. S. 43, 1S6th street and h-"N"
place. illustrated by stereopticon N'.'.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

fication in our military system; but
what the nation expects from this
radical change In its military educa-
ton is that It will be q means Of q
better development Of our military re-
sources and that II will also sustain
the high standard that produced the
commanders Of the American armies
In the past,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
UNJUST COURTS-MARTIAL.
Does q Commission Harden the Heart
OF an Enlisted Mani

To THE Enron OF tn, suN-st,.
-
"e s VII" s'~' i"'e'es'
the letters published from time to time
In regard to the courts-martiai of our
army. As member Of the bar who ell
listed as n private and later served as
Summary Court and as Judge Advocate
Of n General Court. I want TO enter a
violent protest against the way things
have been conducted. Left In the hands
Of trained men. or of mon of reason able
ideas as to the enforcement Of the law.
the System might work out we'll but in
practice II has been a horrible nasco.
II was my observation that as a rule
a court Of officers Just from civilian life
dispensed reasonable justice. but II was
exactly the reverse in the case OF a
court composed OF former regular en-
listed men who had received commits
sIons. The intoxication caused by their
new rank and the Regular Army doc
trine that hard boiled' is synonymous
with efficient" BODIED III for the enlisted
man who was brought before them. I
heard one member OF the General Court
] served for state TO another officer, I'VE
have q great court; have given them
l47 years already"
Barring a very few cases where the
oficer who defended the man went the
limit in lighting for him az seems quite
customary to appoint some officer of low
rank and no experience, SO that the off,
GERS testIfying for the prosecution won't
be cross examined-counse for the de-
fence doesn't want TO insult his seniors)
the man was found guilty as a matter
of course In my FIRST case as Summary
Court I found a man not guilty and re-
fused to reconsider II when It was re-
turned. The finding was then approved.
but not until had been called up for a
personal interview, asked to explain, and
warned against findings Of not guilty. as
1t wasn't backing up the officer who
preferred the charges"
What are not known to the public.
and yet do more to convince the enlisted
men that they cannot have a square deal
in the army courts, are the small Sum-
mary Court cases. A few examples will
suffice. They were cases that occurred
during the time I was an enlisted man.
and know the feeling that was caused
by them. The second case led to deser-
ton, followed by Leavenworth:
OverspeedinH a motor truck (limit IS
miles, speed 10 miles) sentence. two
months hard labor and two-thirds Of
pay for two months.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
Shortening the Course Mt West
Point by . Year.

The plan Of the Army Chief of staff
to reduce the course of study at the
United States Military Academy az
West Point from four to three years
has, according to information received
from Washington, been approved by
the Secretary of War. This action is
doubtless due to the effect Of the war
upon military education, but the
change has in reality been under dis
cussion for several years.
The earlier opposition to the short
ening Of the course at West Point
came largely from the army. The
institution has in the past turned out
worthy leaders Of the American army
and it had creditably fulfilled it's mis-
sion as national military school.
The army was led to believe that i'm
provements and developments in mill
tary science and the requirements
made upon the knowledge of the army
officers demanded not curtailment
of his time of study, but rather
closer and more intensive application.
The change may be accepted as an
other step in the effort of the Govern
ment to utilize to the fullest the edu-
cational facilities of the Academy.
With the increase in the accommoda-
lions for cadets there came a new
method of appointment; the corps,
from numbering scarcely more than
| 200 or 800, came to have three or four
times that number, and the graduates
from being less than fifty year came
to be more than 300. The result
sought was TO have an enrolment Of
1000 or 1900 and to send annually
into service about 300 West Point
graduates. The changes, however,
that were made still failed actually
to meet the urgent demand for off,
GERS Of the army.
The reduction Of the course by a
year will increase the number Of
graduates. The War Department ap-
parently holds that even by thus
shortening the time at the Academy
the same high standard of training
can be maintained. "A three years
course at West Point" according to
the statement issued by the depart
ment, sis at least the equivalent OF
four years at corresponding civil
institution" This is based upon the
fact that instruction is continued
throughout the summer. that the cadet
has fewer hours Of recreation, shorter
vacations and a greater number Of
hours Of work. All this probably does
represent ian output at least one
fourth greater than that of the aver
age college day"
But more important to the young
officer, perhaps, is the fact that, so far
as his actual training for service is
concerned, much can be eliminated
from the course. Another considera-
tion Is the great advantage which is
now offered him In post graduate
work by the schools for all branches
of the service. These schools have
not only been increased in number,
but they have at the same time de-
veloped unusual opportunities for
study and practical work in all
the special departments of military
science. 1t is natural that our expert
ence in the war should call for modl.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

Americas latest British critic after
busy seven days study OF all our
moods and expenses finds most to la
ment about us that our business men
are bumptious and all our artists. be
their medium Of expression pen. brush
pencil or voice, are humble. Who Is
responsible for this sin Of omission.
this failure to introduce this critic to
the Village. its orators. painters. its
chanticleer poets?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

New Jerseys Department OF Motor
Vehicles has revoked the licenses Of
two school youths arrested on charges
OF speeding" and the commissioner Of
the department sadly complains that
he Is having great trouble trying to re-
duce the speed fever afYiicting Newark
schoolboys, whs make the depart
ment's most difiicult problem" School
boys. Once there were woodsheds
where hitching straps hung convenient
to dads hands. and dads. they knew
how. when and where to apply them.
Now a schoolboy invited to accompany
dad TO the woodshed would comment.
we suppose. ''Cut out the spool stun,
old dear; it's bad form In our Set"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

All. well. It's an III peace squabble
which brings no good. German diplo-
matte couriers are carrying Large
quantities" Of soap from Versailles TO
Berlin as privileged personal baggage.
Food. no doubt, is good -Bolshevik
medicine, but soap Is not without merit
In removing Bolshevism's chief out
ward and visible sign.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
A MIaaouri Instance.

From the odessa Democrat.
|! Lindsey Warner Is suffering from a badly
mashed toe. caused by the piano falling on
| II in the school auditorium. where he was
| practising for the play. Safety First"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21
French women May Vote.

PARIS, May 20--The ChaUb.'
Deputies to-day adopted the bill graz
ing women the right TO vote -
elections for members OF commune '''
departmental assemblies
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

Beer drinkers now think they know
what Mr.. WILSON meant when he said
recently that "a great tide is running
in the hearts OF men,"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-21

To-day the Germans will give their
opinions on the terms Of peace and
tho censor ought to DO busy II they
say what they think.