davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-09-21
HANDLING BEAN VINES.

l was busily engaged in dumping
some bean vines on a cleared spot in
the back yard garden, when one of
TO know what the idea was. l eX-
plained that the beans had been raised
in another garden some distance away
and l was piling them there until |
had the chance to she'll them.
''Well," he said, 'you1l lose about
half of them plllng them ON the
ground like that"
What do you mean?" l inquired
what harm does that do?"
Wherever the vines touch the
ground" he continued, The moisture
from the rain or dew will cause them
to heat and decay. Haven't you ever
noticed in removing a pile OF weeds
that have been lying h the garden
for some weeks how badly decaye6
they were underneath the pile? That's
what would happen to your beans!
What can do?" / asked II have
several wheelbarrow loads and l have
no shelter of any kind for them"
"Take two of those old bean polei
over there" he said, land stick then
In thu ground as you would regular
bran pole. only about "a foot apart
and run some stout twine across from
pole to pole, about a foot from tn,
| ground, and pile the beans on th'
Irvine between the poles and they vii
keep there until late In the fall. III,
The sun., 1919-09-21
HALL FOR NEW YORK CITY-A HARDY PRIV

They should be removed when Nthe
evening comes.
In tying plants or vines they should
never be pulled too tightly. for Il will
retard their growth while they rend-
Just themselves to their new position
On the other hand, spray of vine
that Is tied loosely so that it is con.
stantly tapping and twisting with
each breeze that blows is equally
handicapped in growth. Tied moder-
ately firm Is the happy medium.
To force plants ahead, all shoots or
new growth around the roots should
be cut Off to allow the sap to go into
the plant where the growth is desired.
To force large blossoms on plants,
such as carnations or chrysanthe-
NUNS. all but the buds OF the main
stalks should be shipped off as they
develop.
In planning the garden, allow
plenty OF space for the plants TO
grow. Crowded together. they will
not do as well, lacking. air, moisture
and nourishment from the soil tAnd
artistically. crowded plants lose tho
beauty OF their individual color ana
form.
Be faithful to your garden. A few
days neglect may ruin the beauty Of
the flowers for weeks. And being
among the plants each day, enjoy
them, learn to know them, how best
TO care for them and make II. gar
den Of dellsht"l
California. DOROTHY DuNLEA.
The sun., 1919-09-21
$2,500 IN PRIZES FOR CALF
CLUBS.

The American Jersey Cattle Club
has appropriated the sum of s2,5OO for
premiums to be given in boys and
girls calf clubs for the year 1919.
Seventy-five dollars OF this sum will
be presented to each OF thlrty-three
clubs reporting promptly to the secre-
tary OF the American Jersey Cattle
Club after the date OF the publica-
ton OF this notice. The clubs en-
titled to participate in this premium
distribution are confined to those or
ganiZed during the year 1919. and
which consist of not less than twenty
members each who have purcha sed
Jersey heifers. Said SIS to be avail
able for premiums for members of
such calf clubs on such basis OF dis
tributlon among its members as the
calf club receiving the same may de
termine, either prior to or at the
time OF the holding of the show OF
amy such club. Clubs desiring to en-
ter for premium money should notify
X. M. Gov, secretary of the American
Jersey Cattle Club, S34 West Twenty
third street, New York city
The sun., 1919-09-21
GREEN FEED FOR POULTRY IN
WINTER.

II the best results are to be OBJ
taineh with poultry they must be fur
nished with a plentiful supply of green
feed. Where fowls have unlimited
range they will secure green feed dur
ing the spring, but during the winter
it must be supplied for them. The
question of how to supply the best
feed at the least cost is one that each
poultry keeper must decide largely for
himself. It will proably make but
little difference what kind OF green
feed is supplied, provided 1t is relished
by the fowls. Cabbages. turnips, beets,
potatoes &C., are suitable for this pur-
pose. The larger roots and the cab
bages may be suspended by means Of
The sun., 1919-09-21
BORDEAUX IN TINS.

Having committed some time ago the
error of referring to bordeaux mixture
In tins and knowing that bordeaux has
a bad effect on iron, care was exer-
clsed not to make the mistake a sec
ond time. Still. there was conscious
ness Of having purchased tins OF bor-
deaux.
Tin now is nothing more than sheet
iron very lightly lacduered or thinly
plated with tin. Still there is GER
taihly a way to treat tin cans so they
win safely hold bordeaux mixtures for
years. The evidence is a can OF bor-
deaux purchased from Stumpp & wal
ter Co, Barclay street. New York, In
the spring OF 1916. The can was placed
with a lot of others containing va
rious funglcides, insecticides and fer
tillzers and forgotten. This spring, In
a general house cleaning In the tool
cellar, the can was discovered, plainly
marked April, 1916, showing 1t to
have kept safely In the tin can for
three years. The can undoubtedly
was given coat of LACQUER which
protected the tin.
d purchasing insecticides it is n
good idea to mark the date and year
OF purchase on the can, so as to tell
the probable strength OF the contents
In after years.
The sun., 1919-09-21
VEGETABLES GIVE HEALTH
WHEN COOKED PROPERLY

Fresh vegetables, served freely,
mean vigor and freedom from sickness
for those uho eat them. They keep
the blood as 1t should be and the whole
body in good condition. A second help
ing will be asked for IL the vegetables
are cooked so they are refreshing and
palatable.
Vegetables just out OF the garden
taste best when simply cooked
steamed boiled or baked-and served
with little salt, butter milk or cream.
Often heavily seasoned sauce covers
up the more desirable vegetable flavor.
Overcooklng of vegetables impairs
their flavor. Very delicate fiavors are
destroyed, While vegetables with very
strong flavors. such as cabbage or
onions. become dlsa agreeably strong II
cooked too long. Overcooking also
destroys the attractive color of some
vegetables.
Cook summer vegetables as soon
after they are gathered as possible. in
order to preserve the flavor. II they
must be kept over keep in the ice box
or some other cool place.
Let wilted vegetables soak In cold
water or freshen them II vegetables
must stand after pairing, cover with
cold water to prevent whiting and dis
coloration.
Before cooking put head vegetables
and greens in cold water for one hour
with tablespoon OF vinegar to re-
move insects. then wash very care
fully.
Drain all boiled vegetables as soon
as tender-they become soggy If al
lowed to stand undrained after cook
ing. The water drained on may be
saved for soup stock
Most vegetables are better when
cooked in small amount of water be-
cause a part of the mineral salt dis.
solves out into the water and Is lost
il the water is thrown away. Cool
whole when possible.
Tender spinach or lettuce leaves re-
quire no added water for cooking. II
thoroughly washed enough water viii
cling to the leaves to prevent burning
Delicately favored vegetables should
be steamed or cooked slowly in a srpsl
amount OF boiling water until tender
and the water bolls away.
Strongly Favored vegetables may b'
cooked uncovered in a large amount o
rapidly boiling water. and the watel
changed several tlpes during th'
cooking.
Starrhy vegetables should be put OF
and cooked In a sufficiently larg
The sun., 1919-09-21
RAISING PIGEONS.

The greatest difficulties confronting
the successful raiser Of pigeons seem
10 be In securing good breeding stock
and finding a good market for the
nroduce of a small flock. Pigeons are
n profitable source or income on gen.
eral farms where they may secure
much of their feed from the fields
provided they are not a nuisance and
the loss by shooting and by hawks
owls and cats is not large. They can
also be raised successfully where they
are closely confined provided the
SQUADS can be marketed to good ad-
vantage.
or the SQUAD raising varieties the
Homer is considered the most popular
variety, The habit of this bird of re-
turning home IL allowed freedom
makes it necessary to confine pigeons
purchased from other lofts. The
Carneaux pigeon has recently become
popular as squad producer. This
variety is somewhat larger than the
Homer and it is stated is about as
prolific. Several other varieties oi
pigeons larger than the Homer are
used on a small scale in SQUAD raising
especially in crossing with the Homer
and CarneauX, to increase the size OF
SQUADS. The Runt is one of the larg'
est, but is not as prolific or as good
breeder or feeder as the Homer.
Some of the other varieties reported
used as sqaub breeders are the Ora
goon, White Maltese or hen pigeon
the White King and the common
| pigeon.
The sun., 1919-09-21
NOT TOO LATE TO GULL HENS.

The month of September finds most
poultrymen have already culled their
hens. In the past few years poultry
raisers have found that culling out
their poor hens early has resulted in
more eggs laid. less feed used and
more money made.
If .1ocks have not already been culled
now Is the time to do it. The hens
to Gull out are the ones that first
stopped laying. The best hens are
the ones that are still laying. Where
small breeding flock can be cared for
it is best to make up pen of hens
that do not stop laying until October,
November or December. Such a pen
will improve the laying quality Of
next years chicks.
In culling now one should get rid
OF the birds that show by their deep
yellow legs, new glossy plumage and
thick, blunt pelvic arches that they
stopped laying early in the summer.
The hens that are laying have full
bright waxy combs, soft pliable ad-
domen and bleached out shanks. A
ragged bird that has just begun to
moult should not be culled now just
because she is not laying.
The sun., 1919-09-21
STORING VEGETABLES FOR
WINTER.
F0F

Potatoes, carrots. parsnips, onions,
turnips and other root crops, also
cabbage. celery, pumpkins, squashe
&C., can be safely stored for use
throughout the winter.
A cellar under the house or out
building makes a good storage plae :.
An outdoor cellar is desirable where
the quantity stored is to be large, and
banks can be made in the field that
will safely carry the crops through
the winter
Pumpkins and winter squash. re-
quiring dry, warm storage, will keep
in unused rooms or closets.
The cellar should be clean. cool and
we'll ventilated. If there is a heater
in the cellar the vegetable storage
room must be partitioned of, where
the temperature can be controlled anG
ventilation supplied by an outside
window
Outdoor storage cellars possess all
the advantages of the storage room m
the basement and are superior III
many respects. 1t is possible to keep
such a cellar cool and quickly reduce
the temperature of the stored products
by opening the door during the night
and closing II in the morning before
the air becontes warm.
The most popular type of storage
cellar is built largely underground
only the top of the side walls appear
ing above ground, constructed of word
concrete, stone or brick. The root
should be matched or boarded up on
the inside and also on the outside, the
space between we'll packed with saw
dust, hay or straw and then shingled
or given some other kind OF water
proof outside covering
II the roof is to he covered with
Garth, only one thickness of boards
will be necessary, strong enough Ia
support the weight.
Storage In outdoor banks is the
least expensive method OF keeping
! many vegetables and Is fairly salts.
| factory where tho ground is wei
drained This method does not com,
The sun., 1919-09-21
NEW HYBRID HARDY PRIvEr

The severe winter OF 1s17-1S killed
most OF the privet hedges in a terri
tory for many miles around New York
city and In other parts OF the coun-
try. The plants were not in all easee
completely killed. but beautiful hedges
from three to ak feet high were killed,
90 II was necessary to cut them back
to the ground. permitting entirely new
growth to develop.
The Elm City Nurseries, New Haven,
Conn, have produced a perfectly hardy
hybrid privet that will stand our most
severe winters without killing back
by crossing California privet with
hardy Chinese privet.
The new hardy privet can be planted
with the satisfaction OF knowing that
once q fine hedge ID produced It will
remain perfect regardless OF the Sc
verify OF the winter.
The plants resemble the California
privet in habit and appearance and
may be treated and trimmed In quite
the same manner. The plants are
somewhat more robust in growth and
inclined to bush more freely from the
base than California privet.
The illustration ID from a photo
graph OF a three-ye -year-old plant. This
new privet 10 ideal for hardy hedge
purposes. for training into specimen
plants and for tubs. The plants thrive
In the shade and freely produce white
flowers, followed by clusters Of glossy
black fruits.
plApts ara aYarsd nAi,- ~ tha Ara q
The sun., 1919-09-21
DO NEXT SPRINGS SPRAYING
THIS FALL.

Fall spraying after the leaves Of
fruit trees have dropped may be sub
stituted for the usual dormant spray
ing and orchardists will thus over
come the difficulties in handling
freight and obtaining labor in the
spring. San Jose scale unless ex-
tremely bad can be controlled practi-
cally as we'll by fall operations as by
deferring the work till spring.
The application of lime-sulphur So
luton or a miscible oil to orchard
trees also confers considerable i'm
munity from attacksNof meadow mice
and rabbits during the winter.
Insecticides and any required ma
chinery should be ordered now for this
November spray. No delay will then
be occasioned when spraying time
comes.
The sun., 1919-09-21
HORTICULTURAL HALL FOR
NEW YORK CRY. ,

The city of Rochester bought the
State Arsenal for a convention hall and
the venture was found SO successful
that later the larger grounds and
buildings Of the State Industrial
were purchased for an exposition
park. Both properties are used with
'enefit and profit to the city.
circular received recently from
Kansas City announces the fact that
that city has one OF the greatest day
light show houses, a big convention
hall. Boston also has an excellent
horticultural hall
Although there are flower shows in
New York frequently, there Is no
suitable place to hold them.
Various societies use the Museum
of Natural History, the Engineers
Building and the big annual flower
show is held in the Grand Central
Palace. None of these is suitable for
n flower show. nor is Madison Square
GardSn.
What New York needs Is a horticul-
tural hall OF steel and glass A build
ing in an accessible location suitable
for horticultural exhibitions.
The exhibition hall might be sur
rounded by offices or 1t could be tho
top story Of a building used for Office
purposes. the floor Immediately be-
low laid out into halls for special ex-
libits, meetings, entertainments, &c
New York cannot afford to be behind
smaller cities in respect TO a building
OF this kind.
The matter was discussed in ger
eral way at the last meeting of the
horticultural Society OF New York
and Some definite action will, It is
hoped, be taken soon.
The sun., 1919-09-21

pare in convenience, however, with
storage in cellars since in periods OF
bad weather the vegetables are often
accessible with difiiculty.
TD not make the mistake OF starting
the work by excavatins as advised BY
some of the agricultural departments.
Where there are excavations water is
likely to get in and start decay and
cause serious loss. Accept the advice
of one who has stored vegetables out
Of doors through the most severe win
tefs FOR thirty years or more, without
loss
Select we'll drained spot and cover
the ground for a foot deep with hay
or straw. On this, in conical or
| longitudinal pile place the root crops,
building up piles not more than three
feet high.
Cover the pile with a foot of straw
and this with three or four inches OF
earth. Allow handful OF the straw
| to protrude through the earth for
ventilation. As winter approaches the
earth covering should be increased.
SIX to eight inches of earth should
be the final amount. Later give this
covering Of foot of straw and an
other covering of earth and the bank
will carry the vegetables through a
winter where the temperature goes %
degrees below zero. Dig a trench
around the bank to carry off all sur
face water.
Vegetables suitable for storage
should not be harvested and stored
until cool weather arrives, or about
the time OF the first killing frost. How
ever, Irish potatoes should be har-
vested as soon as they reach maturity
and if basement or. outdoor cellar stor-
age Ia available, they should be stored
Immediately. They should not be
stored in banks or pits until the
weather gets cool. Onions should be
put In storage as soon as they are
matured and thoroughly cured OF
dried.
The sun., 1919-09-21

To nearly every one at some time
comes tho desire TO garden. to work
among the plants and growing things.
Spring or summer is usually the sea-
son that calls one out. But many
neople lose interest quickly because
their gardens do not flourish.
For those who have not had any ex-
nerionce with a flower garden, q few
simple hints may help, SO they may
have garden of delight that will in
rIdontally win them to the ranks Of
the garden lovers.
Don't handle plants too much. They
need some attention, to be sure, but
there is point where II becomes
ooddling and like kittens plants be-
nome sickly and stunted with too much
handling. .4
give plants plenty OF water. In
many localities, in summer, artificial
watering or irrigation Is necessary.
with the garden hose, irrigatee the
plants either In the evening or carly
morning. Let the water soak In
around the roots. A shallow trench or
ditch, dug Will u nue. Will COtlilHe tnS
water to the area to be watered.
Give the plants a shower bath now
and then. The dust that settles on
the leaves chokes up the breathing
places. But do not sprinkle at mid
day. when the sun Is hot. A gentle
spray in the morning or evening is
more like natural shower and re-
freshes the plants without "scalding"
or withering the blossoms or leaves.
To conserve the moisture around
plants after they have been irrigated
cover the soil with leaves or freshly
mown grass. The best way, however,
"A 10 loosen the soil, with a spade or
rake, as soon as the surface soil has
become dry. Breaking up the par
ticles Of soil prevents the water from
being drawn up to the surface, to be
eyaporated by the air and suns rays.
After young plants, such as mari
colds or lafkspur, have been trans
planted, they very frequently wilt
when the hot sun strikes them. Pick
ing off all but three or four leaves
will help wonderfully to prevent the
plants from dropping. IL it does not
remedy the difficulty. the plants should
be covered lightly with cones of paper.
ola strawberry boxes or small flower
pots are good to use for coverings.
The sun., 1919-09-21
PROSPERITY IN HOG HARVEST.
ING.

Practically every farmer can plant
and cultivate larger acreage than he
can harvest.
When the harvest season comes he
Is overworked.
Also, he has to depend on transient
labor. which, many times, is bother
some and unreliable.
After all. considerable portion OF
the crop may have to go to waste be-
cause It can not be gathered in time
The hog, helped out by cattle and
sheep when practicable, is an excellent
LABOR equalizer.
He harvests the corn crop more eff
ciently than the transient farm hand
The sun., 1919-09-21
STRONG SPRAYS UNSAFE.

Considerable damage to plants from
spraying has been noticed this year.
Gardeners insist on making the mis-
take OF using sprays stronger than the
directions recommend. Make sprays
weaker than the directions, never
stronger, as damage to the foliage is
almost sure to result.
On plants that are badly infected
very weak sprays should be used at
first, gradually Increasing the strength
each time the spray is used, until the
full strength of the directions is
reached.
Bordeaux should be constantly agi-
tated, otherwise the mineral settles to
the bottom, and in sprayers that feed
from the bottom of the tank the first
plants sprayed are coated too heavily,
whereas the last OF the material from
the tank is nothing but water.
The sun., 1919-09-21

a, wire or string, or they may be placed
on the floor, in which case IL would be
we'll to split the turnips or beets
lenEthwise With a large knife. P0-
tatoes and turnips should be fed
cooked The mansel is an excellent
root for feeding raw. Cut clover soaked
in boiling water fed alone or with a
mash is good. Clover meal and ground
alfalfa make very good feeds for this
purpose. Where the fowls are yarded
and not enough green feed is furnished
by the yard small patch Of clover,
alfalfa, or rape may be sown. ANY
one of these, II frequently moved. Will
furnish a great quantity Of green feed
in a form which is relished by the
fowls. Canada field peas may also be
sown for this purpose, and when fed
In a tender, crisp condition are eaten
readily.
The sun., 1919-09-21

can be expected to do o'it--and does not
have to be superintended by the
owner OF the farm.
He is equally efficient in harvesting
rye, or clover, or alfalfa, or soy beans,
or COW peas.
When the farmer makes use of the
cooperative quality Of the hog he has
more time for essential tasks, more
time to look out for his own health and
happiness and that of his family
makes more money on the years
operations, and has better ground for
the next years crops.
The farm that depends on transient
laborets as harvesters is likely to grow
poorer year by year The farm thai
uses hogs as harvesters Is certain te
grow more fertile with every crop.
The sun., 1919-09-21
RAISING WATERCRESS.
by e. I. HARRINGTON.

Watercress is so easily grown that
any one having a country home on
which there is a little brook can pro-
duce all that is necessary to supply the
family table Much of the cress solo
in the market actually comes from
farm brooks. The writer is acquainted
with one man who controls a hundred
such brooks, having the sole right to
gather watercress from them. These
brooks are scattered over a wide terri
tory, and are leased from the farmers
who own them at price which varies
from $40 TO s25 a year. The right to
fence that part of the brook which is
being used for cress is reserved in
order to guard against pollution from
any source.
Sometimes. though, bitches and
beds which may be flooded are pre-
pared especially for the growing Of
watercress, the water being kept un-
der control by means Of dams. When
ditch or bed is being prepared a
foot or less of good loafn Is spread
over the bottom and the seeds started
either there or on the bank at the
Oftentimes new plants are made from
cuttings, which root easily in any
moist soil, roots starting out from the
joints. 1t is obvious that rapid flow
of water would wash away cuttings as
we'll as the soil itself, but of course
the water must not be allowed to be-
come stagnant
When the water flow can be con-
trolled it becomes easy to fight the
SOW bug and the leaf beetle. which
often do considerable damage. A low
meadow with springs close at hand is
a desirable place for a watercress bed.
1t is important. though, that the water
be pure. The presence of any sew
age will quickly contaminate the cress.
Planting on the banks Of brooks is
done by means OF cuttings. The stems
of growing plants are broken into
short pieces, and set six inches apart,
Just above the water line. Replanting
has to be done at frequent intervals
as the beds become exhausted in few
years. although the plant Is a
perennial.
Cress can be cut over long season
Care has to be taken not to gather II
The sun., 1919-09-21
RAsPBERRIEs IN NEW YORK

According to investigations made by
the State College OF Agriculture. the
Columbian raspberry is grown gener-
ally throughout New York as a can
ming berry and is particularly adapted
To central and western New York
conditions. 1t is not grown to any
extent in the Hudson Valley
The leading raspberry In the Hud-
son Valley is the Superb, through the
balance OF the State the Cuthbert leads
all other red varieties.
The sun., 1919-09-21

amount of boiling water to cover them
Boil gently and keep kettle covered
The time required for cooking vege-
tables depends on the kind, size and
age Of the vegetables. Judgment must
be used in deciding when they are
quite done but not overdone.