davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1919-11-16
Labor Problem Confronts Roads.

Another problem that confronts the
roads the minute they are taken over
is the labor problem. The brother
hoods are pressing for increases in
wages. They claim that other labor
ir the country has received much
greater increases in the last two
years than they have. 1t is unthink-
able that the arrangements of the
roads will undertake to decrease
wages in view of the present high
costs. On the other hand it is diff
cult to.see how they are going to .be
able to make many increases with the
costs of operation now confronting
them unless very considerable in
creases in the rates they charge for
service are allowed. Once the roads
are out of federal operation, however,
the employees may feel themselves in
better position to fight-even to
Striking-for increases in wages.
Before the coal strike began the
railroads under government operation
were doing more business than ever
in their history. They were making
the losses sustained earlier in the
year The railroad administration at
tributes their losses in 1918 to the
fact that for part of the year the
rates were the same as in 1917, though
all costs. including labor, had in
creased. and in 1919 to the fact that
business slumped greatly after the
armStice was signed and did not pick
up again until the latter part of the
year.
Evening star., 1919-11-16
CANADA FARMERS PLAY
BIG PART IN POLITICS
Closely Organized, They Are Likely to
Capture Control of Government at
Next General Election.

that of a more or less innocent by
stander. the government of Ontario.
but other government scalps will be
hung up before the movement is fn-
ished. In one or two recent by-elec-
tions for the federal house the farm
er candidates in Ontario carried all
before them. For them, apparently.
whatever is. in the way of govern
mentS, is wrong.
Synptomatic of Unrest.
The present movement in Canada is.
of course. partly economic; but it is
also largely symptomatic of the great
unrest prevailing all over the world.
Since the war this spirit has been
very noticeable in the Dominion. The
passenger traffic on the railways has
been extraordinarily heavy and it ap-
pears to be aimless traffic. People
are moving about. railway officials
say, with apparently no more definite
object than that of change. 1t is an
aftermath of the war.
One result of this reStleSSneSs is be-
ing seen in the overturn of govern
ments. There have been number of
provincial contests since the war end
ed, and, with one notable exception.
the government has been turned out
in every case. That exception was in
the province of Quebec, where the
people are nearly altogether French
and which is coming to be looked on
by many as the sheet anchor of the
Dominion in this time of restlessness
1t is not considered likely that the
agrarlan movement will make very
much headway there. The people are
satisfied with their government and
with their religion.
Political observers in Canada are
agreed that any government in Can
ada-outside of Quebec-which goes
to the country in the next few years.
no matter what its virtues may be. is
almost certain of defeat. This has
led to good deal of uncertainty in
the minds of capitalists and manu-
facturers as to their future
Investors Grow Timid.
The principle of protection is being
very bitterly assailed from many
quarters. Investors are afraid to
commit themselves to extensions in
the effort to secure European trade
because of the probability of an ex-
treme low tariff party being in con-
troll of the government in the near
future. The main plank in the farm
ers' platform. as formulated in the
west and adopted in the east. is
complete free trade with Great Brit
ain within the next five years and
lowering of the tariff with all coun-
tries. This also includes the revival
of the reciprocity proposals with the
United States.
knowing it's probable fate. the
present unionist federal government
will probably stick to Office for the
two years or more remaining of its
term. 1t seems unlikely that there
will be any radical tariff changes
before that time; but combinations
are always at work. even within the
ranks, which might
make for it's defeat earlier and bring
the economic issue to the front.
When the farmers do reach parlia-
ment in numbers there is nothing
more certain than that overtures Will
be made to the United States to bring
up the reciprocity question again.
Evening star., 1919-11-16
ARTICLE VII.
BY RAY sTANNARD BAKER.

A T dark moment of the war.
~ the spring of 1917. the British
~ and French. in order to sharp
en- Japanese support of the
allied cause, made private agreements
to sustain the claims of japan at the
peace conference to German rights In
Shantung. 1t thus happened. in the
council of three. for Orlando had gone
home that two of the powers. Great
Britain and France, were bound oy
their pledged word to Japan. Indeed
the British argued that they 1elt
themselves indebted to the japanese
not only as a long-friendly ally, but
for helping to keep the Pacific free
of the enemy while Australian troops
were being transported to Europe. ana
thus relieving a great burden 1or the
British feet. 1t must not be forgotten
that China was also bound by the
treaty. and notes of 1915 and the notes
of 1918 with Japan-although emma
,vieorously asserted that all of these
agreements were entered INTO upon
her mart under coercion by Japan. In
fact one of the Chinese delegates at
Paris had actually signed one OF the
agreements which he was now asking
the conference to overthrow.
It was not only this wire entangle-
ment of treaties which Mr.. Wilson
found in his advance, but, 1t must De
said. in all frankness, that in oppos-
ing Japan's demands for economic
privileges and a sphere of influence
in China he was also opposing a prln-
ciple which every other strong nation
at the conference believed in and
acted upon, if not in China, then else
where in the world. Japan asserted
that she was only asking Tor the
rights already conceded to other ma
tions. Japan was thus in a very
strong position in insisting upon her
claims and China in a very weak po-
sition.
Had Two Courses in Crisis.
Tn this crisis Mr.. Wilson had two
courses-and only two-open before
him. First, he could stand stifhy for
immediate justice to China. Ii ne dlo
this he would have to force Great
Britain and France to break their
nIedged word with Japan. Even II ne
succeeded in doing this he had stu
to face the probability. practically the
certainty. that Japan would WIN
draw from the conference and go
home. This would not only KEEP
Janan out of the league, but 1t wouio
% Far toward eventually disruptine
the neace conference, already shaken
by the withdrawal Of Italy ana tne
dangerous detection of Belgium: sucn
a weakening of the peace conference
and of the alliance of the great pow.
ers would have the immediate enec'
Of encouraging the Germans not &c
sign the treaty and of holding of in
the hope that the forces OF industria
unrest then spreading all over Eu'
rome might overwhelm France OF
Italy. It would also have highly
irritating effect upon all the bolshe'
yik elements in Europe-increasine
uncertainty, and the spread OF anar'
chical conditions. With Japan out Of
the association of western nations
there was also the probability, voiced
! Just at this time in both French ant
British newspapers, that she woule
| begin building up alliances of hel
own in the east-possibly with Ger
many and Russia.
No statesman probably ever had 9
more difficult problem presented to
him than Mr.. Wilson upon the mo.
Evening star., 1919-11-16


alluring hopes held ou.. to what old and dis
carded principles arrayed in new and attractive
garments will do These doctrines not to be
met successfully by force and coercion but by
reason and argument. The virtue of tried and
tested principles should be recalled and every
where should our people be led to think of them.
Let weigh them and judge them by history
and experience. They will stand that test. 1t
should not be difficult to convince any that
though not perfect this is tho best government
ever devised by the wit of man to protect the
weak, redress wrong and bring happiness. peace
and order. Every citizen who believes in Amer
lea, it's principles and its greatness, make
it greater by more earnestness and devotion to
it's basic principles of government.
X X X
How I make America great? BY adher-
ing to and sustaining by argument and rea-
son, by and deed, it's basic principles of gov
ernment.
This is government of law. Many
here from land of tyranny and autocratic
Evening star., 1919-11-16
Duty of Loyal American Citizens
to Show Respect for the Law

been elected governor because ne
favored law enforcement and that
another citizen has been elected
governor because he favored law
notification? What would be his
further thought when he would
read the hearty congratulations
upon their success telegraphed each
one by the President of the United
States?
X X X X
This is a dangerous situation.
This nation cannot be half for law
and half against law. 1t is my duty
and it is the duty of every true.
patriotic American citizen to urge
and insist upon the full observance
of law and it's impartial enforce
ment until repealed. This does not
preclude our pointing out objections
to it and reasons for it's repeal, but
every citizen can make America
truly great by always urging OBJ
servance and enforcement of law
even though favoring its repeal
That is the duty of every citizen.
No one can perform it for him. 1t
must be discharged by the individ-
ual himself How can l make
America great? BY observing the
law myself and by sustaining it
fully until repealed.
X X X X
The fathers knew the evils and
injustices of unwarranted caste, in
dividual distinctions and class pow
er. They learned in the struggles
of a new world that every human
being has within himself the ele-
ments of real worth and real man
hood, and under just and free gov
ernment is entitled to equal treat
ment under law. They proposed to
recognize these elements and this
principle as the real basis of civil
and human action, and so they de-
clared the equality Of all men and
made this the corner stone of our
republic. The more nearly we live
up to it's high ideal the more per-
feet and stronger our people and
government will be. This spirit
should control our dealings with
each other as we'll as measure our
relations with the state. Many In
Evening star., 1919-11-16
PRIVATE MANAGEMENT
OF ROADS IS PROBLEM
Continued from First Page.)

proximately. $4,000, ,ooo.o These
are tremendous properties. and their
success is vital. even. if considered
apart from the needs of the country
to carry on it's commerce by rail. They
must be operated successfully or there
will be a vast financial and industrial
crash.
They cannot continue to operate at
a loss Under government operation
the railroads operation loss is figured
at $236.OO0,000 for 1918 and s250,000,-
900 for 1919, total of $486.000.000
for the total period. The differences
in costs of materials. etc. however.
may bring this total up another $780,
100000, or close to $600,000.000, it is
estimated.
How are the roads under private
operation going to overcome this de-
ficit in their earnings? Economy. in
crease in business and increase in
rates seem to be the only answers.
When the roads go back to their own
ers the rates for passenger and freight
will remain the same as under govern
ment operation. until changed by or
derly process-by, the Interstate Com
merce Commission for interstate rates
and by the states themselves for in
triState rates.
Evening star., 1919-11-16
BY WESLEY L. JONES,
u, 3, Senator From Washington.

vHAT can 1 do to
N make America great?
~ This is a question
" " each one of US should
think over and seek
to answer in these
days of unrest and distress. Its an
swer should be such as to control
us daily In our dealings with our
fellowmen and In our relations to
the nation ana our DUTY 40 citi1cii--.
The world is threatened with politi-
cal and Industrial chaos. Our land
is not entirely free from danger,
Poverty, suffering and distress lead
to the evolution of new, fantastic
and extreme theories or the press
ing of old theories in new and fam
tastic garb. Some of the advocates
of these theories have sinister mo-
tives, but many or their Followers,
are honest. but deluded ones who
are cropping for relief from condi-
tions that are almost intolerable and
which lead men and women to ask
in despair. rs life worth living?"
America Is the hope of the world
pOllt1cally ana lnQuStrlally. Inc
greater it is in a genuinely human
way the more nearly it will fulfill
that hope.
* \: * x
Our form and principles of gov
ernment are the product OF the
highest aspirations and the best
hopes of centuries of seeking for
liberty under law and freedom un-
der control There are certain basic
principles at the foundation of this
government which the fathers
evolved from the experience of the
past and which they believed essen
tial for a we'll ordered government
whose corner stone is equality, and
whose object is the greatest pos
sible individual liberty. Those prin-
ciples have stood the test of time.
They are believed in and supported
by the great majority Of our Amer
1can citizenship. There are elements
and influences, however, in the
country seeking to undermine them.
T.
Evening star., 1919-11-16
Impetus Comes From West.

The platforms of the farmers in the
east and in the west are practically
the same, but the impetus comes from
the west. 1t was there the platform
was first formed. and it was only
there, as matter. of fact. that there
was ever much cause for complaint
on the part of the farmers. Being
almost entirely producing. and
under considerable disa bilities in the
matter of transportation. it was an
economic movement. produced by cir
cumstances which bore hardly on the
western people. In the east it has
spread largely because it is the fash
ion. The eastern farmers have never
hitherto supported the economic
ideals of the west at the polls-they
Their present political cohesion was
largely produced by pique.
When conscription was introduced
in Canada in 1917. the farmers were
definitely assured by members of the
government that they should be ex-
empt. Later on. the government
found it could not fulfill this promise.
and conscription began to take the
farmers sons and hired men at time
when labor was very scarce in Can
ada The Ontario farmers, two or
three thousand strong journeyed to
the capital in a body. marched to the
house of parliament and endeavored
to lay their grievances before the
government. They We're somewhat t
coldly received and their requests for
their homes and began to organize,
determined to get the first scalp that
came their way. 1t happened to be
Evening star., 1919-11-16
NEW FOREIGN POLICY
SEEN AS URGENT NEED
Senate Has Robbed League of Nations of
Power Without Suggesting Substitute,
Mr.. Simonds Says.

of nations in Europe lay exclusively
in the belief that it possessed the un-
qualified approval of the whole
American people and that If there
were not established through the me-
dium of the Paris conference a league
OF nations which would receive the
approval of President Wilson. then
the aid and cooperation of America
would be withdrawn. Had Europe
suspected that there was real divi-
sion in America over the principle the
league of nations idea would have
been totally abandoned by the time
the President had returned from his
February visit to America.
Evening star., 1919-11-16
America Cannot Escape.

But il the scheme, the vision of
world organized through the league
of nations, has been terribly shat
tered-at Least. as to realization,
postponed for many years-it is no
less certain that the United States
must adopt some alternative policy.
AS a consequence of the assassina-
tion of an Austrian archduke in a
Bosnian city we sent more than
1000. 900 men to Europe. fought the
greatest battle in our history and
made a financial sacrifice unparal-
leled in our history. To believe that
we can escape an even greater sac
rifice in any later nfiagration is to
indulge in absurd optimism.
We can, as certain politicians advo-
cate, seek to restore an isolation
which itself broke down. with terri
BILE consequences. less than three
years ago, but failing this effort to
reanimate 4 spirit which had tc he
abandoned in hot haste. after uItold
humiliation. we shall have to adopt
some policy toward the rest OF the
CONTINUED on Seventeenth PaGs-a
Evening star., 1919-11-16

Other OpposIC1on TO League.
Since that time we have seen that
Italy and Rumania have deliberately
withdrawn from any but the most
nominal relations with the Paris con-
ference and have rejected for them
selves the application of the essen
tial principles Of the league OF ma
tions, while the Greeks, the Poles
and even the. recently defeated Ger
mans have calmly challenged the de-
cisions of the Paris conference, which
is the precursor of the league of ma
t;ons itself. We have seen at the
same time an ever growing protest
in France.
But all Of this is incidental to the
main fact. The strength Of the league
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
HOW to
Keep
Honey

Some people do not understand
how to keep honey and are disap
pointed when it becomes thin, sour
or sugary. This is the fault Of the
way in which it is stored. Honey
should not be kept in the cellar or
any other place where it is damp, as
it absorbs moisture, and this thins it;
its keeping power is impaired and
in time it sours.
If honey is kept where it Is too
cold it will granulate, or candy. It
can be restored by setting the con-
talner in pan of warm, but not
hot, water. The rule is that the
water should be no warmer than
you can hold your hand in COM
fortably.. Heat Injuries both the
color and favor of the honey. For
this reason the can should not be set
directly in the pan on the stove, but
should be placed on an iron ring or
a piece of wood so as to raise 1t
from the bottom Of the pan.
4 coed rule is to store honey In
9 place where salt will keep dry;
then it VIII remain at its best.
The Department of Agriculture,
Washington, D. c., has issued
pamphlet: Honey and It's Uses in
the Home"-"Farmers' Bulletin
No. 653-giving many valuable
tested recipes for the making OF
good things for the table with honey.
It's tendency to absorb moisture
makes it desirable in cake or bread
making, as it hinders drying.
Strained honey with gridds
cakes, plain bread and honey and
honey used as a sweetener for fruits
are all simple uses not to be over
looked.
1t is a wholesome sweet for GILL
dren, too, as sweets go. E. G. ".
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Frozen Peach Cussard

Prepare rich boiled custard from
one pint Of milk, one heaping table
spoonful Of cornstarch dissolved in
a little cold milk, sixteenth of a tea
spoonful Of salt and two eggs beaten
with two tablespoonsful of sugar.
Cook the cornstarch and milk, stir
ring constantly, in the upper part
of a double boiler, for seven minutes.
then add the eggs and sugar and
cook for two minutes longer. Cool.
add cupful and a half of sweet
ened peach pulp and half pint of
double cream that has been whipped
solid with two tablespoonsful of
powdered sugar. Then turn into a
chilled freezer and freeze slowly
until firm and smooth. Repack in
a melon mould with a watertight
cover and bury in ice and rock salt
for two hours before serving.
Raspberry and Mint Water Ice
Boil together four cupsful of
water and two cupsful of sugar for
eight minutes. Remove from the fire
and add half a cupful Of fresh mint
leaves, the juice Of one lemon and
one box of crushed raspberries. Cool
and set in the icebox to chill. When
ready to freeze remove the mint. mix
in the whites Of two eggs, stifly
beaten, and turn into a chilled
freezer. Freeze slowly until firm
and smooth and serve in small
sherbet cups. For a lemon ice,
of a cupful of lemon
juice may be substituted for the
raspberries and mint leaves.
Frozen Fruits
The so-called frozen fruits are
made by adding a cupful of heavy
sugar syrup to each quart of cut
up large fruit or halved berries.
fruit creams are made by washing
and cutting the large fruit into
small pieces, or halving the berries,
Ind after adding a heaping cupful
IF sugar to each quart allowing
t to stand two hours in warm
place, stirring occasionally. When
'eady to. freeze add one pint of
leavy cream to two pints of the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Tested and Endorsed in The Tribune Institute

volving and in opposite directions.
This principle gives slightly quicker
results, but this freezer is a little
more difficult to turn toward the
end of the operation than with the
other types.
The fourth type of freezer ap-
proved by the Institute is the Amer
lean Twin, which makes two favors
at once in fifteen minutes. Deli
ciously smooth cream was made in
this freezer in the Tribune Institute
and the two creams were kept en-
tlrely separate. The motion in this
case is backward and forward, in
stead of revolving. The action is
easy at first, but becomes more diff
cult as the cream hardens.
Any one of these freezers will
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

add to the happiness of home the
year round, but especially from
June to September, and they repre-
sent a distinct economy besides.
A Lightning Ice Chip is useful
accessory tool in home ice cream
making. The four steel pin teeth
with bevelled ends, mounted on the
under side of the galvanized metal
frame, are effectively operated with
a minimum Of effort, when one has
a firm grip on the short wooden
handle. The operator in the illus
tration shows the happy results of
using this tool.
The problem of using the fresh
fruits to the maximum without
monotony in the menu, during their
short season of plenty, is easily
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

of unsweetened chocolate (grated) a
sixteenth Of a teaspoonful Of salt
and half a cupful Of sugar. Cook
over hot water until the sugar is
melted and the chocolate dissolved.
Remove from the fire. add one tea
spoonful of vanilla extract and allow
it to cool. When quite cool fold in
one pint Of chilled double cream that
has been whipped solid with one
Tablespoonful Of powdered sugar and
beat again until the mixture is as
thick as charlotte russo. Turn into
a mould with watertight cover and
bury in ice and rock salt about three
or four hours before serving. In
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
BY VIRGINIA CARTER LEE

VIZ HEN one stops and remembers
w that rice forms the staple diet Of
the majority of the inhabitants Of
nearly all tropical countries, it is not
strange that with the coming of the real
warm days of early summer the wise
home caterer begins - introduce it into
her daily menus instead of the heavier
forms of cereals, like oat and corn meal.
Fortunately, rice is not an expensive
food and lends itself admirably to any
number of appetizing dishes, embracing
cereals, meat substitutes, breakfast
breads, waffles, salads and a host of
delicious desserts; while even the water
in which the rice is cooked can be added
to the dinner soup or used as the basis
of sauce or gravy.
The polished rice with which all house
keepers are familiar is not the whole
grain, which is brown in color. This.
although not as attractive in appearance
as the polished grains, is really more nu-
tritious, containing more minerals and
making an excellent cereal for children.
1t can be cooked in the same way as the
ordinary rice, but it requires a little
more time.
To cook the white polished rice in
southern style, add slowly half cupful
of washed rice to a quart Of boiling
salted water. Let boil rapidly for twen-
ty to thirty minutes then turn the whole
into a sieve and pour cold water over it.
Place the rice in a double boiler and
steam until each kernel is distinct and
dry. Or dry in the oven, shaking the
dish frequently to separate the grains.