davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19
tc0ntlnued From previous Issue.l

As early as the beginning Of Novem-
oeT 1915 the necessity OF eventually
coming to a submarine wa was dis
eussed by the leading naval boards. II
vas on Nov. Z that the chief OF the
naval staff presented for discussion the
draft OF q plan for the submarine block
9 OF the entire coasts of the United
Kingdom and ireland. I at once called
attention to the fact maj because OF
blockade had never been considered
rom the viewpoint d international law.
IL seemed to me, and ! was later borne
out IN my opinion. that the use OF the
u-Poa for blockade would
aronse a storm OF opposition from neu-
therefore maintained that we should
not launch such a widespread campaign
until we had sufficient submarines TO
enable us TO adhere 10 our purpose. This
would require greater strength in u
boats than we had at that time.
II we were TO adopt the submarine
blockade plan at that time. despite this
consideration. / argued that II would
be better for the admiral in command
OF the naval corps In Flanders to is
sue the declaration so that were we
forced to remand II, the emperor and
the government would not be In the po-
aitiOn Of backing down. With the great
80 - q HHAhE
THE blockade OF the whole British
coast sounds too much like bluff. For
the present the blockade Of the Thames
appears to me more advisable"
| considered II wiser to make a small
beginning and to see how things went,
both from the military and political
point Of view. Not only would such a
beginning have been o in keeping
with the means at our disposal, but we
gradually would have accustomed the
world TO the idea Of submarine war
fare without shock. More important
stil1, we would thus have spared Amer
lea, since practically all passenger ships
from the United States put In at Liver
pol. This greatly would have lossened
the danger Of our position without put
ting US In a position where we had either
TO accede to the demands OF the United
states or further a~ntagonize her by dis
regarding these contentious. Mean
while, we should have been building
moro submarines tirelessly.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19
TO BE C~ontinueal
SOCIETIES ARE R

.NATCHEZ. Miss, Sept. 10. tspi -
Sons OF Columbus. social and f~raternai
Organizations OF Matches, have been
merged into one body with the fol-
lowing officers: V. pantaliao. presi.
dent; Il, Stettoni, vice president. Joseph
Zuccaro, secretary; John r. D'Antcni,
financial secretary. l. LicatA, treas
urer.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19
@. o. P. in Evidence.


Mr.. Wilson was welcomed by Califor-
MA progressives, and pm all the COM
mittees were prominent Republicans,
notably staunch supporters OF Hiram
Johnson, who follow him on domestic
Issues but who disagree with him on
the league Of nations. Chester H. Row
ell, who was J%ohDson's campaign nan
ager, was outspokenly for the covenant
of the league, but says he has by no
means deserted Johnson politically.
Women voters especially are lining up
on the league of nations issue irrespect-
i've OF their previous support Of Sem
ator Johnson, though when the latter
gets to California he may be able to
swing them into line by the power of
his oTatorical personality. On the whole.
II Is easy to see that the Wilson
strength, with the exception Of many
Irish sympathizers, is still u solid and
substantial part Of the community and
added to that Is a large section of Cali
fornia's population who might be count
ed as johnson Republicans. Judging by
observations in San Francisco. the COW
enant has a multitude of friends in Cal
ifornia, and many more by far than
one would be led to expect from the
fact that the principal opponent OF the
league and treaty represents California
In the United States senate. 1t is ar.
gued that Hiram Johnson has presiden-
tial ambitions and chose his present line
Of policy IS a near OF attracting ma
ton wide attention. But 1t Is argued on
the other hand that Chester II, Rowell,
who Is the progressive Republican par
tvs national committeeman In this
state, has an ambition to run for the
United States senate, and therefore he
favors the league of nations. California
was something of a puzzle In the 1916
election and Chester Rowelrs views
about California were curiously con-
firned in the election result.
AS between WI friends who have
encounters many admitting intimates Of
Senator Johnson who openly say that
his presence In the atmosphere of the
national capital has made It impossible
for him to read his constituency as
well as Chester Rowell, who runs a
newspaper In Fresno, and has uninter-
ruptedly kept his hand on the pulse of
California throughout the war.
Copyright, 1919, by David Lawrence.)
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19

leagues covenant 1t is especially pro-
vided that it 10 the friendly right of
any nation to bring up any subject
that might possibly affect the peace of
the world.
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19
America Forced Reversal of
Decision.

On Feb. IL came Americas first note
OF protest against submarine wa rfare.
In a responsible bureau this could hard
" nave been unexpected, but TO Won
PohTs, astonishment and chagrin It
caused the foreign office to make an
about face in regards to the U-boat pol
ley.
The ~chaucellor's representative at
headquarters, Won Reuter-. later said
that the chancellor had been misunder-
stood by Won Pohl. Won Pohl energet-
icaily denied the possibility of a mis-:
understanding, maintaining that he had
carefully explained to the chancellor the
full consequence Of the step
Thus, scarcely had submarine war
fare. born Feb. 4, drawn its first
breath, when Its wi fathers, terrified,
fastened to smother IT,. In my opinion
we SHOULD never even have considered
a modification Of u submarine policy,
once II was announced to the world,
unless England consented to modify
some OF her own interpretations OF
maritime law during the war.
Americas first protest resulted in our
allowing the shell OF submarine war
fare to stand as a sop to the German
orders from our political leaders TO our
submarine commanders we had followed
out the military kernel. We were act
ing on a program OF big words and
little deedH, Our method OF submarine
warfare had now become, according to
B~achmann's prediction, ineffective for
final German victory, but a fruitful
source OF vexntious incidents with the
United States.
We should have remained firm against
Americas protest. Admiral BachInann
and / were convinced that Germany
must stand by her decision at all risks.
The submarine declaration had been
made In the face OF the world, even
though in our opinion II was premature
and unfortunate, Had we answered the
first American note c~ourteously but In
the negative, It IL my conviction that
neither then nor later would war have
been declared between us nor diplomat
&c relations been broken off. America
a not yet so irritated but what she
still held us In respect and not too
closely involved in entente loans.
The clear understands OF maritime
law by many Americans made them de-
oidedly uncomfortable over what they
realized was the unneutral attitude OF
their government. The pacifist Bryan
was still secretary of state, correspond
ing 70 our German foreign office. II
would have been impossible at that time
for Wilson TO engage his country
against us. In this lay our great OPP
The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-19
Won TIRPITZ STORY
OF GERMAN DEFEAT

Of 8 Rigorous q Measure as the planned
The historical decision 10 make a wal
gene around the United Kingdom ana
Ireland wa arrived at on the evening
o. 5eo. q eonfsrence between Won
rom and the chancellor with the %
sent Of the foreign office in the pres
shee OF h minister Of the home Of
nee, and apparently without opposition
from the grand general staff.
Won Pohl obtained the consent Of the
chancellor. who was Btil sadly uncon-
Versant with world conditions and 0ur
own submarine power, and then, on Feb.
Hprang his prepared draft OF the dec
laration on the emperor while sailing
through Wilhelmshayep harbor. II vas
Glsigya, Of vSn Pohl to consult be-
70 the wording OF the draft. He was
also diBloysl to me as he had always
previously sought my advice in reach
~ critical decisions, I was entitled to
His act was, on the whole, the prod.
uet Of boundless vanity. He wished
above all that the declaration should
be made over his name and Feb. I was
the last date on which this could be
done, for on that day he took over the
command Of the high seas fleet and was
already, strictly speaking, no longer
chief Of the naval staff.
80, against my ADVICE and on the de-
cision Of Bethmann Hollwsg, submarine
war vas "a begin, threatening every ship
sailing IN the direction Of Great Brit
ain and Ireland, Unless the dignity. and
Herewith the power of the empire, was
70 be seriously impaired and the conf
dence Of the enemy fatally strength
ened, there was nothing for II o but
to stand fast, In the face OF the whole
world, seriously and with q flourish
Of trumpets as II were, the declaration,
IN my opinion 80 premature and 80 un-
fortunate, had been made.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
FARMERS FACE DISASTER
 FROM SOAKED COTTON
BUSINESS MEN, LEADERS IN COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES, SEE
 POSSIBLE RUIN FOR STATE.

Little Rock.-Continuou rains have caused condition in Arkansas that will, unless corrected immediately, amount to one of the greatest calam- ities the state has ever suffered.
 This conclusion is drawn from the fact that farmers are rushing into the fields and picking water-soaked cotton. In the opinion of experts, if this is continued, Arkansas cotton crop will be practically a total loss.
 Foreseeing great loss to farmers, merchants and bankers of the state, several prominent Little Rock busi- ness men called a meeting and de- cided to try and warn the farmers against wet cotton Telegrams, let ters and telephone messages were therefore sent broadcast over the state bring She following facts before the public.
 Cotton must be thorouoghIy dry be- fore picking, allow three to five days drying time after each soaking.
 Wet cotton can ret be uinned suc- cessfuIly without destroying the sta- pie and the use of a foreign sub stance to clean the saw teeth. Gin- ners are urged to refuse wet cotron.
 Cotton glnned and baled wet decays and will become useless.
 Cotton seed ginned wet will sprout and will lose its value to the oil mills. Cotton seed that has sprouted in the field if thoroughly orIed on the stalk retains large per cent of its market value. Spontaneous combustion is likely to occdr in wet cotton seed.
 Spinners refuse to buy wet cotton, therefore the only market left for the staple will be Iinters and mattress stock.
 Wet cotton's market value is about 70 cents per pound while cotton that las been wet and allowed to thorough ly dry on the stalk is worth from 90 cents per pound up.
 MERCHANTS BUYING WET COT TON WILL HAVE IT LEFT ON THEIR HANDS. DEALERS SAY THEY WILL NOT BUY.
 Everybody present at the Little Rock meeting was asked to aid in spreading the above information ir order to have the state from further less from wet cotton.
 Men in position to know say that unless the picking of wet cotton is stopped now the state will suffer one of the greatest calamities 1t has ever known.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
ALL OF 46 NOTIFICATIONS OF TREATY SPONSORED BY COM
 MITTEE ARE KILLED.
MOSES PROPOSAL IS LOST
Would Have Revised Voting Strength In League of Nations-Other Changes Are Also Killed
 By SoIons.

Washington. The 46 amend, ments attached to the peace treaty by the foreign relations committee pass ed into history when the last survi- ycr of the group, proposal by Sena- tor Moses, Republican, New Hamp- shire, to revise voting strength in the League of Nations, was consign- ed to the discard in the Senate by a vote of AT to 36.
 As if gaining impetus by this ac- complishment, the Senate then upset two more proposed textual changes in the treaty brought in by individual senators. One of them, presented by Senator Sherman, Republican, Hi pois, and proposing to write into the treaty preamble reference to the diety, was laid on the table by vote Of 57 to 27. The other, sponsored by Senator Johnson, Republican, Califor- ria, as a. new solution for voting in equality in the league was killed out right by a count of 43 to 35.
 At adjournment, however, the ef- fort to hasten final action had brought up against an obstacle which seemed likely to prevent further progress for several days. A deter mined group of senators will launch a fight to eliminate the labor section of the treaty.
 Nine Republicans joined the Demo- crats in oyerthrowing the Moses amendment which provided that none of the British dominions should vote In any league controversy directly af- fecting any one of them. ThreN Deln- ocrats voted with the Republicans supporting it. On the new Johnson amendment proposed as a substitute for the one rejected recently, the line ur was exactly the same as on tha Cailofrnia senator's original proposal, the only changes In the actual record vote being due to absences and pairs. The Sherman amendment got only scattered support, most of the Reput- 1iean leaders helping the Demoerats rut 1t out of the way.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
PROH| MEASURE IS
 PASSED OVER VE1O
U. s. SENATE FOLLOWS Houer RUSHING THROUGH Rul IN
 LAW ENFORCEMENT
PEACEENDs wARTIMEDROu7H
Congress Drops Treaty in Effort r, Stop Reopening of Saloons R.. tween Now and January 1st
 If Treaty Is Signed.

Washington. = The Senate passed the prohibition enforcement aet ovas the presidents veto and made ,nra diately effective machinery for nro venting sale of beverages containina more than one-half of one per cent alcohol.
 The vote was 65 to 20, or eight than the necessary two-thirds ma Jority. While there was a wranela on taking up the measure in place Of tbs peace treaty, which had the right os way, there never was doubt as to bow the Senate stood. It was overwbelm tngly dry" like the House, which ra. passed the bill within three hours ae. ter the president had vetoed it.
 Before Congress finally clinched en. actment of the enforcement law. de. spite presidential objection to linking wartime and constitutional prchibi. tion acts, there came from the White House the announcement that tha wartime law, which was put into of. feet after the cessation of hostilities would be annulled the moment the Senate formally ratified the German reace treaty. It was the most dednite of all official or semi-official state. ments bearing on the wartime act Prohibition leaders were plainly dis turbed by the news. for they had counted upon the country reaching the effective date of constitutional pro. hibition, January 16, 1920, without re. opening of saloons.
 Despite the clamor set up by wet and dry forces over the White House announcement, Senate leaders said they would proceed with consideration of the treaty as heretofore.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
CONSUL KIDNAPPED,
 BIG RANSOM PAID
SUM OF $15o,ooo HAD BEEN DE- HANDED BY MEXICAN BANDITS
 FOR AMERICANS RELEASE.

Washington. = Release of William o. Jenkins, American consular agent at Puebla, Mexico, who was kidnapped by bandits on October 1s, was af- fected by payment of the $50 GOO In gold demanded by the captors, the State Department was advised by the American embassy tt Mexico City.
 The dispatch did not make clear whether the Mexican government or friends of Jenkins paid the ransom. AD inquiry as to this point has been sent to Mexico City by the State De rartment.
 Official announcement of the re- lease of Jenkins was made in the fol- lowing statement by the department:
 William o. Jenkins, the American consular agent, who was robbed and kidnapped at a factory which he owns in Puebla, Mexico, on October 19, has been released, following payment of 1ansom, according to a message from inc American embassy at Mexico City.
 "'Fhe rebels who held him near Puebla demanded ransom of $150, ,00o iE gold The message says that the third secretary of ,he embassy, Mat thew B. Hanna, who was sent to Pueb- la by the embassy, notified the em- bassy that Jenkins had sent him a message from within the Mexican fed eral lines that the ransom had been paid to the kidnapers and that he was On the way to Puebla The depart ment is awaiting more details.
 Representative Davis of Tennessee. the home state of M. Jenkins, said he had been informed by the State De- partment that friends fo Jenkins had paid the ransom to the bandits. MT. Davis said he also had been told that every effort weuld be made 10 have the Mexican government reimburse the consular agent for damage to his property sustained when the bandits raided the place.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Brewers To Test Prohi Law.

New York Upon being advised that the Senate had overriden the presidents veto of the prohibition bill, the United Brewers Association an nounced that suie would be brought in the courts to test the constitution ality of the law. It's members will ahide by the terms Of the law, the an Eouncement said, but the association had been advised bp counsel that 1t is unconstitutional
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Episcopal Meeting Ends.

Dertoit-Adjourning to meet ln Portland, Ore, in 1922, the triennial general convention of the Protestant Episcopal church in America adjourn ed here. Tn the closing session tne church was called upon to squarely face it's duty in the period of recon struction.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Congress Welcomes Belgian King.

Washington. = Greeted as ''our friond," "our defender and ally" King Albert of the Belgians stood before the Senate of the United States and later before the House of Representa- tives to fulfill the main purpose of his long voyage to American shores the expression of Belgium's gratitude for American aid during the great war
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
President commutes Sentences.

Washington-De sentences I'm posed by court-martial at Camp Iras' is, Tex, on Privates Sam H. WllllainS and Daniel M. Evans, who were cor, a, victed of murder in connection Wien the shooting of Dudley White nav been commuted to life Imprisonment by President Wilson.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Mould Annerioanize Aliens.

Washington. = Legislation designed to Americarize aliens is contained in a bill reported by the Senate labor committee which Investigated the steel strike. The bill. which was plac- ed on the calendar with view to ear ly consideration, provides for co ope- ration between the states and the fed- eraI government in educating aliens.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Start Trials of German soIdIer..

Paris. - The first two of tht Ger man military forces charged with crimes during the German occupation of France and whose extradition was demanded, have arrived at Lille to stand trial. They are a noncommis- stoned officer named Strause and Lieu. tenant von Linder.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Church Women To study Orient.

New York. - Thirty representative American women, including two col lege presidents, several women phy- sicians, social workers and religious leaders, will sail soon for the Orient to study problems of the mission field, it was announced by the Inter. church World Movement.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
E. oect Stored Sugar ro Be Released

Washington. = Concurrence of pro- ducers representing 90 per cent of the beet sugar output in this country has been received by Attorney General Palmer in reply to his suggestion that 10 cents a pound to wholesalers was a fair price for the new crop.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Celebrate Election, Three Killed.

New York. = An election celebra- ton in Vera Cruz, Mexico, in which three men were killed and 10 wound ed, was reported by passengers on the steamship Monterey, which arrived from Havana, Progreso and Vera Cruz.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Old Clothes societies Formed

London.-F London tail. ors are said to be somewhat perturb- ed over the reported popularity of clothes conservation movement" hailing from the United States which is being enthusiastically acclaimed by Englishmon wearied of long con- tinued high clothing costs.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Rebel Leader surrenders.

Fl Paso.-Miguel Holguin, rebel chieftain, brother Of Epifanio Hol guin, the noted Villa commander, who was killed about month ago, has surrendered to Gen. Eduardo Porcayo federal commander at Casas Grandes. Chihuahua, according to an official an. nouncement made Ly Andres Garcia, Mexican consul general at EI Paso.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Would Restrict lmmiqration.

Washington. = 4 bill extending wartime restrictions on passports for enc year so as to exclude from the. country radicals and other undesira- ble aliens was passed by the Senate without a record vote and sent to con ference
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
General strike Is Rumored.

Paris. - Extremist clements in trade union circles plan to call gen eral strike, according to the Excelsior, which says that leaders in the general confederation of labor are opposed to the movement.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Consul Held For Ransom

Hanford, Cal. = William o. Jen. kins, American consular agent at Puebla, Mexico, has written his wise that the bandits who captured him and are holding him for $15O,O0O ran honl. want no money from him or the United States government, but wish the Carranza government to pay the ransom.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Indian Released From Pen.

Leavenworth, Kan. Taraknath nas. a native of India, was released from the federal penitentiary here on completion of a two-year term for violating the neutrality laws in trying to stir up a revolt in India in the world war period.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Germans Prepared For Trade

San Antonio, Tex American trade in Mexico is scheduled for a serious setback ir the near future, as Ger laany is already sending considerable hardware, novelties and other articles of commerce 10 thae country.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
ru.. y,ecorates War po9e'

France pecorates War D0ss, uere Paris. = Fifteen war uoss uor,ted awarded "collars of honor ss lns uas with the Croix de Guerre. bsen ...rsl cited in a special army order Y. .a,rv.s <
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
U. s. To Buy British Airship.

Washington. - Al early closing of tie contract for the purchase by the navy department of the British rigid ajrship R-3S, the largest airship in the world, now under construction in England, Is expected at the depart. aent.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Preparing To Try Wilhelm.

LonSon.-All necessary prepara- tions for the trial of former Emperor Y, illiam are being made, it was an rounced in the House of Commons by MT. Bonar Law, the government leader.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Would Sell Motor Equipment.

Washington. Immediate sale at auction of all surplus army motor equipment except 22,195 trucks allo- cated to the states for road work, would be asked of the War Depart rlent in a resolution introduced by Representative Reavis, Nebraska, chairman of a war Investigating com Mittee.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Ace Runs For Office.

Paris. = Capt Rene Fonck, tha young lace of aces announced that ke will be a candidate for a seat in the Chamber of Deputies.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31

RooseveIt's Anniversary Honoreu "roa
 New York. New York i,ory u,,,oo- the anniversary of the birth ol oruter Is dore Roosevelt here and as sim- Bay, where hundreds visited lns ,ano. . ole grave of the great citizen ne'' rlal services were held
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
Reolster of Treasury Resigns.

Washington. Houston B. Tehee Of Oklahoma, has resigned as register os the treasury, effective October S1. and will go to New York to become connected with large oil firm
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31

Frenchman Executed For Treas0".
 Paris.-Pierre Lenoir, conYlcteu " 6 charge of having held intefcou'st ss with the enemy, was executeu '' Sante prison.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
poIndexter Seeks Presidency.

Washington. = On 8 platform " war on Socialism ard BolsheYlsni' ~ claring there can be no compronil0' with anarchy" Senator Niles ro'a a.. dexter of Washington announeeu .,, n's candidacy for the Republican hon' nation for president.
The Pulaskian., 1919-10-31
IL s. Gets Naval Station.

Iondon.-It was reported in dis patches from Lisbon that Portugal had granted the United States con cession in the Azores for naval sta ton.