davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10

|HE labor clauses of the
treaty, covered in part
XIII. perform two cardinal
functions. They express
the attitude Of the nations
signing the treaty as to the con-
dition of labor today and estab-
lish a permanent organization for
the promotion of the international
regulation of these conditions. 1t
Is the purpose Of this article to
brief the generalities' of this sec
ton Of the covenant to the end
that the reader may understand
the motives prompting the action
taken, and then to make clear the
scope Of the provisions concerning
practical Organization.
The preamble to the. clauses I'M
der consideration expresses the
belief of the nations who sign the
covenant that universal peace can
be established only If. based upon
social justice. 1t AYERS that labor
conditions exist which involve
such injustice, hardship and priva-
ton to large numbers Of people as
to jeopadize the peace and harmony
of, the world. 1t proposes the i'm
protement Of these conditions on
the following general basis, with
exceptions necessitated by differ
ences of climate, habits and eco
nomic development:
The guiding principal that labor
should not be regarded merely as a
commodity or article of commerce;
the right Of association of en-
ployers. and employees; a wage ade-
quate to maintain a reasonable
standard of life; the eight-hour
day or forty-eight-hour week; a
weekly rest Of at least twenty-four
hours, including Sunday wherever
practicable; abolition of child
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10

labor and assurances for the edu-
cation and proper physical develop
ment of children; equal pay for
equal work as between men and
women; equitable economic treat
ment of all workers, including
foreigners; and a system Of in
spection in which women shall
take part to insure the enforce
ment of the laws and regulations
for. the protection of the employed.
The treaty further gives ex-
preston to the belief of the ma
lions concerned that regulation Of
the labor supply is necessary; that
unemployment should be prevent
ed: that the worker should be pro-
tected against sickness, disease and
injury arising out of his employ
ment and that provision for his ,
old age should be arranged.
Acting in the belief that world
peace may be materially served by
the putting into effect of the above
indicated principles, the treaty
proceeds to establish the machin-
cry necessary to this end in the
form of a permanent organization
for the promotion of the objects
in mind. The permanent organiza-
ton will consist of an interna-
tional labor conference and an in
ternational labor Office.
The international labor confer
ence Is to be composed of four
representatives from each country
signing the treaty. two represent
ing the government. one the en-
ployers and one the employees.
Meeting at least once year. this
conference will function as a de-
Lucrative legislative body. Con-
sidering such proposals as may be
laid before it, the conference will
pass upon their desirability. In the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10

Continued from FirSt Page.l
Until public investigation shall have
been instituted which shall mako the
whole question at issue plain for the
Judgment Of the opinion of the nation
is not to propose any such principle.
'It Is based upon the very different
principle that the concerted action Of
powerful bodies Of men shall not be per-
.ritted to stop the industrial processes
Of the nation, at any rate before; the
nation shall have had an opportunity
to acquaint itself with the merits OF the
case as between employe and employer.
time to form its opinion upon an i'm
martial statement Of the merits and op-
portunity to study all practicable means
of Cancellation or arbitration. can see
rothing in that proposition but the
justifiable safeguarding by society Of
the necessary processes Of its very life"
Mr.. Winslow' Making a Fight.
. REPRESENTATIVE Winslow Of Massachu-
sets. who voted consistently for the
proposed Sterling amendment, and to
appeal from the decision Of Champ
Clark ruling. 1t out Of order. who Is a
member of the republican steering COM
mittee and a member Of the committee
on interstate and foreign commerce.
now puxsling over q half dozen or more
plans. for .disposing Of the railroads. 10
particularly interested in continuing
this republican contest for an investi-
cation before q strike or lockout. which
carries the earnest approval OF the
into the committee and proposes to
mako = strong nght for Inclusion OF
such safeguard IN whatever leessla.
tion may be recomlnsueed ~ ne CEN.
mlttss following the extensive neasnes
lthnS have beoA ~ pgu1goe9 ~ vee&A
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
ITALY'S COOPERATIVE BUYING
ORGANIZATIONS FIGHT H. C. OIL

lied and directed banks and savings
Institutions to advance credits to the
cooperative stores at not to exceed
per cent interest, with the stocks
and stores as guarantees, the govern
ment guarantee underlying these. :
Societies Supplied at Cost.
The government supplies directly to
the cooperative societies. at actual
cost. AGRICULTURAL and other commodi-
ties and food products, the control
and distribution of which are under
government supervision. The CO.
operative societies and stores are ex-
empt from taxes. Mayors. and, mu-
inequalities are empowered to reQui-
sition, wherever 1t Is necessary, suit
able places for the stores, and in ex-
ton such establishments as bakeries,
slaughterhouses, etc.
The national decree defines as the
scope OF the cooperative Institutes
the acquisition of articles of con-
sumption and other merchandise from
the government or in the open mar
ket, and Its distribution to those en-
rolled in the organization and to their
families. In the most rapid. conven-
lent and economical way, at a price
that Will sumce to cover expenses and
provide a safe operating margin.
Scope Of Membership.
AS at present constituted, those who
may become members of the co-opera-
tive societies are employees of the civil
and military administrations Of the
Italian government, officers and petty
omcers OF the army, navy or other
armed corps of the government: EN-.
ployes OF the provincial or municipal
administrations: those pensioned BY
the government, by government rail-
roads, or their widows and orphans:
and those incapacitated or invaiided
by the way.
store In q province may
open subsidiary stores or distrihuting
centers throughout the province. Go.
operative societies ALREADY u e9ist.
enes may. under certain restrictions.
Join the gesarnmsnt institutions :.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
7. The Clauses Relating to Labor.
By NEWBOLD MOVES.

event of favorable judgment by a
majority of two-thirds Of the votes
cast, the action of the conference
will take the form of (a) recon-
mendations for certain mutual leg
islation on the part of the nations
concerned or CD the drawing up
Of draft international conventions
for ratification by the members.
The recommendations will be SUBJ
mitted by the delegates to the leg
islative or ratifying bodies of their
will then lie in the hands of the
competent authority. The first
meeting of the conference will be
held in Washington. 1t will be
convened by the government of the
United States.
X y * X
The international labor Office
will be established and sit at
Geneva, the seat of the league of
nations, as a part of the organiza-
ton of the league. 1t will be I'M
der the control of a governing
body of twenty-four individuals.
twelve representing the govern
ments concerned, six elected by the
delegates to the conference (see
above) representing the employers.
and six similarly elected repre-
senting the employees. These rep
resentatives will hold Office for
period of three years.
The functions of the labor office
will include the collection and dis
tribution of information on all sub
jects relating to the international
adjustment Of Industrial problems;
the preparation of matter to be
laid before the labor conference
for the action of that body; the
furthering Of the peaceful settle
ment of international disputes arfs-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
\ ONTROL of food and COM.
modify prices generally. with
4 a reduction of the cost of

~ ONTROL of food and COM
modify prices generally. with
~ a reduction of the cost of
living all along the line, rs
being sought by the Italian govern
ment through system of national
aid in establishment of cooperative
purchasing organizations, according
to information received by the re-
search division OF the Council Of Ma
tional Defense, by the bureau Of for
Department Of Commerce. and by the
Italian embassy. According to infor-
nation at hand, the plan is working
out satisfactorily. although as yet 1t
applies only to employees Of the Ital-
ian government and to employees of
municipalities. ~ - Z,
Nitti Directed Inauguration.
Inaugurated last October under the
direction Of francesca s. Nitti, min
lister of the treasury, the first of
these cooperative purchasing socie-
ties was Immediately instituted at
100000, representing about $4,000
state employees and their families.
Other societies have since been or
ganixed in different cities of Italy,
and the plan Is now IN full operation.
According to an official report the
plan is expected ultimately to include
the entire purchasing public, though
at present none but the classes mem
toned may avail themselves OF It..
In the national decree establish
ing the system special provisions for
advancement of credits, acquisition of
provisions. etc. and management OF
the organixatio are set forth. To
defray the original expenses Of set
ting up the establishments the. gov
ernment has provided for advance
ment of loans at I per cent. and for
the opening Of charge accounts for
purchasing supplies In proportion TO
lishments. The sum Of e2.ooo.0o0
was set aside for this purpose. and
this sum. u N stated, 10 to bc In
creased when u Is shown the need az
sssss xha nssaaesi dssrss also author.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
PRINCES VISIT CALLS
FOR ROYAL ETIQUETTE
Heir to English Throne Coming as Guest
Of President to Receive Treatment
Due Royal Blood.

Miss Lane and others on the boat en-
route to and from Mt. Vernon. Dur
ing his stay here the prince also. was
taken by Miss Lane to visit. the
where he rolled several games Of
ninepins with the fair students and
had most happy time.
The dinner at the British embassy
was given in the evening after the
return from Mt. Vernon, and the next
day the prince left for Richmond.
There he was RECALLED in way that
must be denied the present prince,
unless some of the privileged foreign
diplomats come to his rescue.
Mint Julep Pleased Prince.
His, most enjoyable experience is
said to have been, not the historical
ionship of Gov. Letcher." says the
chronicler, but the first taste of a
mint 5ulep mixed by a negro of much
local fame in the preparation OF this
cooling drink"
But 1t was in Richmond, also, that
the prince had one of his most un-
happy experiences in America, as the
following account taken verbatim
from the Evening Star of Tuesday,
October 9. 1860, will show:
Il hardly dare give you faithful,
resume of Sundays. proceedings so
improbable will it appear. For the
first time the prince has departed
from his meritorious resolve of doing
nothing in violation of the ordinary
observance of the Sabbath.
After services he went with the
mayor, the Duke of Newcastle and
Gen. Bruce to visit the Capitol. There
being no police, the rude, ill-bred
crowd pushed in and allowed the
party. who were Joined by Gov. Letch-
er, no privacy whatever. While ex-
m n q OF 1frrn n$ Uyao ,,
ington the crowd surrounded the royal
party and annoyed them beyond en-
durance. while they insulted them
with such remarks as He (Washing-
toni socked 1T into you at the revo:
luton; We reckon you do love Wash
certain!' until young Da-
Wis, the artist, turned upon them, and,
aided by two reporters. managed to
stop their insolence for a while. But
as the party walked in toward the
Senate chamber the crowd started a
run and. actually pushed them inside
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
DEMAND STRIKES WAIT
ON IMPARTIAL INQUIRY

Continued from First Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
"Captivated" Young Prince.

President Buchanan was fortunate
in having as first lady at the White
House his niece, Miss Harriet Lane. a
young woman of charm and beauty
who had been in London with him
when he was ambassador to the court
of st. James. and who made fitting
companion for the prince. whom she
is said to have Completely capti-
waited"
Two important social events marked
the stay Of Baron Renfrew" in Wash :
ington and they probably will be re-
peated next October. One was a visit
to Mount. Vernon by water and the
other was a dinner and reception at
the British embassy.
The trip to Mt. Vernon was made
on a revenue cutter. and besides the
prince. the President and Miss Lane,
The party included most OF the cabi-
net and diplomatic corps and the
princes entire party. The prince
barred his head AZ he gazed on the
tomb of Washington and planted q
memorial tree there before leaving.
President Buchanan would not per-
NIT the heir apparent 10 the English
shrone In dance In the white House.
hHs Ne sataysa several dsaess with
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
BY LEONARD ORMEROD.

HIRT-SLEEVE diplomacy is
phrase to conjure with when a
political campaign is in full
swing or a congressional debate
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-08-10
WORLD CRISIS IS SEEN
I'm EUROPEAN ANARCHY.
Mr.. Simonds Holds Peace Adjustments a,
Failure and Predicts Collapse of
League of Nations.
BY FRANK H. sIMoNDs.

w YHILE the Senate of the
M United States has been en-
w gagged in the preliminary
nboooo NJ afruUUle. over
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1919-08-03

police also had information of the same kind that
civilians were being infected with the same habit
But the most pressing matter the deterioration
of the health of the army as a result of the traffic
The result was that on May IL, 1916, regula
ton prohibiting the traffic was made, and in the
following July the prohibition was extended to civil
ians. No arrests were made for the sales of that
perniciOus drug during 1917. In the beginning of
November last information received by Scot
land Yard that de Veulle was trafickng in cocaine
with Billie Carleton.
Inquiries were made in connection with that for
81 nearly month before Billie Caretons death.
There evidence that he had trafcked in CO.
eane with any other person than Billie Carleton.
Since the inquest Billie Carleton began, on De-
cember 2, it had been found that many other methods
of obtaining cocaine had become known Supplies
as had been stolen from the Red Cross Society and
handed over to persons who had sold it for large
prices. Scotland Yard had knowledge of persons
who had, become criminals, who but for the of
cocaine would have remained honest and trust
worthy citizens.
The overwhelming evidence against de Veulle
made it plain to him and his lawyer that conviction
certain De Veulle pleaded Guilty" 1t remained then for
the judge pass sentence which he did in these Words
You perSistenty procured quantities of this drug to
satisfy the craving of yourself and another 1t is per-
fecty clear that you well knew you doing what
wrong. Traffic in this deadly drug most pernicious
thing 1t leads to sordld depraved and disgusting prac
tees There is evidence in this that following the
practice of this habit disease depravty crime nsap
ity despair and death. do not propose to pass any
other sentence than in proportion the onse which
has been committed. Whatever your character may be-
you entitled say that you have been convicted
before Your health too not very good You must be
imprisoned In the Second Division for eight calendar
months"
Thus the first definite result of the death of Billie
Carleton was achieved when the prison doors closed
Reggie de Veue and Lo Ping You and his wife, Mrs Ping
But this was not all The relentless investigation by
the coroner and the wide publication of the startling evil
dence IN the English newspapers stirred up the police
authorities and the prosecuting officers For the first time
since the broke out 1T realized that London
utterly demoralized by widespread carnival of crime
by anything that had existed before the
was discovered that of the most terrible aspects
If the drug traffic in London the way in which
md women and young girls who had led cean
md healthy lives were being induced by drug fends
axe the first steps that lead to the underworld.
There was discovered in the West End of London an
operative organization which called Vice Trust for
he organized systematic exploitation of vice The fol-
owing is report made on the operation of this Vice
rust:
The operations of the group secret the
departments of the organization directed by the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1919-08-03

heads that they play into another's hands First
the specialized house agency that provides the
of the underworld with suitable fats houses or
accommodation
"Next come the organized interlnked series of gam.
bling hels which are financed by the same group The
expected to bring their clients there and
ceive commission on the transaction Then there
the night clubs which act recruiting offices for the
whole of this nefariOus traffic and there is the thriving
business of the sale and supply of drugs
"There several for the alarming increase
In drugtakng In the first place. time restrictions
the sale of liquor and in particular the lowering of
the quality of the liquor have stimulated desire for other
forms of excitement and ntoxication The closing of
restaurants the suppression of suppers and the limitation
of the evening hours during which alcoholic drinks can
be obtained have not stopped the night fe but have
driven it to far worse courses
Sin the second place. the drug trade is so profitable
that pays the Vice Trust develop the cult packet
of cocaine worth half can be divided I'D and
sold in little cigarette paper packets at S. apiece
IA few ounces of Cannabis Indica compound the
Hashsh Of the OrientJust the crude commercial prepa
ration of the leaves and flower heads Of Indian hemp
fetch almost as much money.
1.-THE distribution worked through the organization
The main supply is obtained from the wholesale drug
houses through the intermediary channel of some corrupt
retail chemist similar agent and the drugs made up
into small parcels for individual consumption are supplied
to runners male and female These frequent the cafes
at specified pavement rendezvous.
"The drug fend is almost invariably mis-
sOnary of her vice She wishes to communicate the habit
to her friends and to her clients The converts she
makes the better the trade and the higher the profit
the Vice Trust Unfortunately late years have seen an
nsensble change In social conditions Ten years ago
there definite hardandfast line between the woman
of this class and the ordinary bohemian woman artist
actress writer To-day it is not easy distinguish the
dividing line.
The young artist may easily get into touch
with genuinely vicious and decadent people without real
zng that she is slipping the wrong side of the border
line.
Girls the life and innocent of the lures of the
underworld meet these absOrbRgly interesting and appar-
emily wealthy bohemans. Moral infection takes place
They take pipe two of opium a sniff or two of
cocane-and like the adventure The time they are
dull or bored they naturally turn to it again
''You will find the woman dope fend in Chelsea, in
Mayfair and Mazda Vale. An obscure traffic is pursued
in certain doubtful teashOps The sale of certain beauty
specifics only mask for the illicit traffic in certain
drugs.
"a young and attractive girl deeply interested in
social conditions and political economy made the acquain
ance of another through mutual friend Within
three months she had become a confirmed haunter of
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1919-08-03

certain notorious cafe She had lost her looks and health
Before she closed her miserable existence bare nine
months later she had introduced at least four other decent
girls to her practice Of vice. and for the last two months
of her existence she acting decoy for notorious
gambling hell3'
Stirred by the evidence developed at the Billie Carrie
inquest the police discovered that drugs being
hawked about in London the streets and in notorious
cafes in spite Of the stringent restrictions Of the law
Pursuing their Investigations hundreds of extraordi-
nary developed by the police pful story
of drug-taking by young woman of good family was
developed at the inquest of Miss Eleanor Bose battle
field nurse under whose pillow found box contain
ing drugs with an outfit of hypOdermic syringes.
Pushing the work of cleaning up London the police
found that the gambling houses and the dsreputabe
sorts all connected with the drug traffic in way
or another Most of the disreputable gambling house
propretors had decOys who cases. passed
their lives and made themselves charming any rich
young they could get into contact with report Of
a typical case was as follows:
Sat Of these gambling houses the mistress of the
establishment presdes at the supper table and afterward
reres to cosy boudor in which in the intervals of the
game she enterains the star mug of the evening with
her sparkling conversation and lustrous orbs
''The recent conviction of two well known in the
West End for swndlng young officer at chemin-de-fer
drew attention the methods which employed by the
shader class Of professional gamblers They haunt
courses restaurants night clubs, the watch
for likely prey and having got their victim and ure him
to their fiat the house of of their eonfederat their
mode of procedure is simple almost to crudity
"They ply the victim with drink until such small mod-
of brain he possesses hopelessy befudded and
then they do with him they will. There case
recently of north country sportsman who picked
up at Gatwiek races taken to London and having been
reduced condition of hopeless ntoxcaton sat down
to play cards. The following morning he informed
that he had lost $4,000 He had the slightest recol
lection of even having played cards. but to
he drew check for $35yOOO,- which the rogues duly
collected
$50 greedy they however, that this did not
satisfy them and short time afterward they issued
writ to recover another $4,000. This however the
last straw and having hied himself to solicitor
such defense put in that the shsrpers abandoned
the action"
The full results of the untimey death of Billie Garlic
and the revelations which followed will be
known Drugs in England have become almost impossible
obtain The vile dens of Chinatown in the Lmehouse
District of London, closed The gambling dens and
vicious resorts have almost all been shut up and Of
notorious and of the underworld have been
sent away in confinement Billie Carleton did waste
her young life altogether in vain.