davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

temporize offhand the front and back
Of an entirely new bill out of ''stock,"
with some fresh lettering to help out,
perhaps.
The parts would be put together as
a child assemblies the pieces of a puzzle,
then pressed against a plate Of soft steel,
which, when hardened and similarly APP
piled to another soft steel plate, would
reproduce the entire design as a single
whole. When the : last plate was
hardened it, would be ready for printing
with a complete engraving Of the face
or back, say, of the new note. :
When a piece of currency of new de-
sign is ordered, it is usually made up
in this fashion, mainly out of "stock."
Suitable corners and borders, ready en-
graved, are picked out; q vignette or
portrait that seems appropriate is
chosen. (unless a new one is wanted)
and with some fresh script contributed
by an engraver-a task, perhaps, of a
week or ten daysTthe thing is finished.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

DANK NOTE engraving is a highly
~ specialized branch of the art. The
cleverest counterfeiter of Uncle Sans
securities ever known was. employed by
a big New York concern that printed all
of our paper money for many years.
until the government undertook to do
the work for itself. In fact, while
actually engaged in engraving plates
for the Treasury, he devoted his eve
nings at home to making duplicates for
use by his gang.
There are no more skilled experts
than those employed nowadays by the
government at Washington. Some of
them specialize in "vignette" work,
others in the engraving of portraits, and
yet others in lettering. The making of
plain square letters Of small size is one
of the most difficult branches, and for
this kind Of job a man must have a
particular aptitude.
The term "vignettes." of course,
refers to the little pictures, usually his
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28
Clothing From
Forest Trees

0NE of the strangest of myths is that
which concerns the deadly upas
tree" of Java, whose poisonous exhala-
tons were formerly alleged to kill any
man or animal that ventured into its
neighborhood.
Doubtless it had it's origin in some
travellers tale, for the tree in question
rather widely distributed in southern
and southeastern Asia-has no terrors
for the natives of those countries, who.
on the contrary, find it extremely useful.
1t is the only kind of tree in tho
world that produces ready made cloth
ing. The inner bark is a natural cloth,
only requiring the removal of the soft
cellular stuff from between the
fbers in order to render it available for
use. A cylindrical section Of it from
small branch will furnish a leg for 4
pair of trousers or an arm for a coat,
while from a bigger branch the body Of
the garment is obtained.
In tropical South America the inner
bark of another species Of tres yields
an excellent cloth. the fbers of which
are interviewer much as IL the fabric
came from a loom. All that Is necessary
is to wash and beat out the cellular
stuff from the interstices and, when
dried. it is light, flexible and altogether
suitable for making up into garments.
The famous ''tapa" cloth of Poly
nesia is made from the inner. bark Of
the paper mulberry. When of the finest
quality it is bleached to snowy whiteness
and fine as muslin.
In tropical Africa the inner bark Of
a leguminous tree is utilized in the
same way. Indeed, it is surprising to
learn how widely treebarks are en-
ployed as material for clothing the
world over. And in the West Indies
grows the lace bark tree,'' which
yields a delicate tissue SO like lace that
many articles of feminine adornment
are made from it.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28
copyrtsht, 1917. BY. Public Ledssrce

UEIELP yourself. Take all you want.
- Do what you like with it."
All of what? Why, explosive, to be
sure. High, low or any other kind.
There was no restriction on their. sale
before the war. and there will be none
after peace is declared, unless Congress
makes a law to that effect.
A great opportunity for Bolshevik
bombmakers. They will be able to blow
up whomsoever and whatsoever they
like.
The law will not permit a person to
buy morphine or cocaine. lest he injure
or destroy himself, but before the war
it was allowable for anybody to pur-
chase enough dynamite to wipe out the
lives of 1000 other people; and so it
will soon be again, unless new proven
tive legislation is Adopted and en-
forced.
Hitherto until very recently, for the
war period only dynamite and other
high explosives have been sold like
sugar. Any one could buy a carload of
giant powder as readily as a carload
of sand.
When a gang of malcontents had de-
cided to blow up the Times Building, in
Los Angeles-a performance which, it
will be remembered, cost twenty odd
lives-they simply purchased a boat
load of dynamite and useG it.
This country manufactures more ex-
plosives than any other in the world.
In 1917 we produced more than a quar-
ter of a million tons; much more. in
fact, the exact figure being e01 ,23S
tons.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

torical-Columbus discovering America.
Washington crossing the Delaware, and
the like-which adorn so many pieces
of our paper money. The portraits are
especially valuable as a protection
against counterfeiting, because the
slightest divergence of a line in a forged
copy alters the expression and makes
the fraud manifest.
The designs for the issues Of Liberty
Bonds had to be made in much the same
way as those for paper currency. Any
one of them might have taken one man
a year to turn out. But the work was
done piecemeal-split up among several,
that is to say-and most of it, indeed.
was ready Sin stock" before any bond
issues were called for.
For the preparation of designs for
notes and all sorts of securities the
Treasury always keeps on hand a great
number of portraits, vignettes, borders,
corners, etc., already engraved on
steel, SO that at a pinch it could e1-
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28
Explosives for Everybody

One million men in our coal and
metal mines make use of explosives. The
railroads use them; they are used in
quarrics. for shooting oil wells and
by farmers for removing stumps.
In many states convicts, engaged in
roadmaking. are provided with dyna-
mite for. use in their work. 1t is. a
known fact that they make a common
practice of hiding some of it. for sub
scquent recovery and employment in
swallowing and other criminal per-
formances.
OF all the states, Pennsylvania is the
largest user of dynamite and other high
explosives. OF these, in 1917. it con-
sumed $685. 41 pounds. In addi-
tion, during the same year, it burned
1854 ,344 kegs of black blasting powder
the latter being not a high explosive.
Michigan came next, with a consump-
ton of q ,254, Ill pounds Of high ex-
plosives. Then Missouri, p $50, 455
pounds; Arizona, 1922 .997 pounds ;
California. IL. 1887 $40 pounds, and ILL
nois. S,O23 ,541 pounds.
With this common and enormous use,
explosives have com to be dealt in like
any other commodity, without r~estric-
tion. But a continuance of this loose
method will mean no end Of trouble in
the near future. The i6ea of the peo-
pie who call themselves fighting anar-
chists" is wholesale destruction of prop.
erty and human lives, and, now that
their Revolutionary movement has
fairly started. it will never do to pro-
vide them with unlimited facilities for
accomplishing their ends.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

mountains, and even Invading the do
main of astrology) to construct horo-
scopes. The earth in this particular in
strument is supposed to be at the center
of the skeleton sphere. Sometimes.
however, the sun was made the center.
Astrolabes were used by priest
astronomers in Egypt in the days of the
Ptolemies, long before Christ was born.
In later days they were more highly &C.
veloped; and it is an interesting fact
that nearly every instrument employed
at the present time for astronomical
observation is in effect a part of the
perfected astrolabe.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

to Pekin, together with other much more
ancient astronomical apparatus which
This astrolabe is a superb work of
art. its supports being two beautifully
sculptured dragons in bronze. 1t is a
skeleton celestial globe, with a number
of rings representing the great circles
of the heavens, the ecliptic, the horizon,
the meridian, etc.
In earlier days a%strolabes were used
to take the altitude of the sun, moon
and stars; to calculate latitude. and to
determine the points Of the compass
and the time: to measure the heights of
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

HERE is a photograph of one of the
most interesting objects in the
world.
1t is ar astrolabe-a type of astro-
nomical instrument far more ancient
than the telescope-and was constructed
in. 1647.
The photograph was made in Pekin,
when the instrument was there, care
fully preserved as a precious relic of
antiquity. The Germans stole it at the
time of the Boxer outbreak, and it is
now in Berlin. But a clause of the new
made treaty requires them to return it
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

DROBABLY you have bought stamps
occasionally from the automatic
vending machines. You punch the but
ton corresponding to the denomination
you want and out comes a postage
stamp.
The stamps inside the machine are
arranged in oiled strips. a coil for each
denomination. The accompanying pho
tograph shows how these coils are made
at the Bureau of Engraving in Wash
ington.
Originally the stamps are printed on
a veiy long, continuous sheet, ten
stamps wide. The sheet is then passed
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

over a roller that has rows Of little
holes running lengthwise, each row
separated from the next by exactly the
width of a stamp. AS the sheet travels
corresponding rows of tiny punches pop
down into the holes, perforating the
sheet at the requisite Intervals.
Only crosswise perforations are need
ed, because the sheet when taken
into the machine shown in the picture
will be cut into ten strips one stamp
wide. each strip winding itself on a sort
of bobbin. When the bobbins are full
to be put into the vending apparatus.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28
H0w the Chinese Produce wild Silk"

the scrub-oak trees, which, in order
that the protection may be effective,
are kept pruned and cut Gown to a
height not exceeding six feet. Women
and children attend to this part of the
work.
The cocoons are gathered by farmers
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

and packed in woven willow baskets. In
this shape "a basket holding about
30,000) they are forwarded to commits
sion merchants in Antung and Kaiping
and eventually find their way to fac
tories where the silk is reeled from
them.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

THERE is no satisfaction in this world
like that Of owning yoar own home.
The owner Of this dwelling is At the
right, sitting in its comfortable shade.
1t is rather q primitive shack. but
waterproof and weatherproof, being
built Of kerosene oilcans and roofed with
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-07-28

tarpaulins. This i II Arssntina. But
wherever you 80 in this wide world yos
will find American kerosene cans. Il
rsmctest Australia : Madagascar, 4
the wilds Of Aries, and even ii the Dr.
interior Of China tho .smptiss., ars II
common uss q rsceptacla.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
VICTORY BONDS
ARE GOING SLOW

Tonopah's quota for the Victory
loan is not coming in as promptly as
the local managers expected in
view of the busy state of affairs
here which keeps everybody jump
ing sidewise to keep pace with de-
velopments. The quota is $3.50
900 of which $92,55O has been re-
ceived to date without hearing from
any of the big mining companies
The quota applies only to compan-
les operating in Tonopah as the Di-
vide companies are included in the
Esmeralda allotment. Subscrip
tions reported to this afternoon are
as follows: through the Tonopah
Banking Corporation, $3S,950; First
National Bank, S12,6OO; West End
company and employees, $500;
Ladies committee not reported to
either bank. $4,000 and James
Grimes, $4,000. Only part of the
committees have reported and the
West End report is incomplete
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
PLENTY Of pep
LEFT in MARKET

Anyone who feels timid about the
stock market should take another
whtff of the pipe and cheer up after
reading that the Toggery, a 20 cent
stock promoted here and in New
York, opened on the eastern curb at
so cents and closed at so. MacNa-
mara was the surprise of the day,
going from SO to $1121a after open
ng at dollar on the strength of
the big ore contracts with companies
operating on the Divide, as it is a
foregone conclusion that this mill will
also treat ores from the Hasbrouck.
Rescue held firm around "a to 26,
and Hasbrouck was buoyant, closing
at 90 on a buyer so after opening
at IS. Gold Zone was virtually un-
changed. The Comstocks furnished
considerable excitement with Con Vir-
ginia going from $40, the opening
Yesterday, to a maximum today Of
1928, closing at $292h. Total
transactions were 3,4O0 shares dis
tributed chiefly among the follow
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
Terms Of TREATY
GIVEN IN brief

,By Associated PreSsI
PARIS, May 2,-The Echo de Paris
says today that the peace treaty
comprises Is to 20 chapters The
first preamble, setting forth reasons
why the various contracting parties
entered the war, mentions the neces,
sity for a league of nations. The
second deals with German frontiers
The third contains all clauses con
nected with alteration of the from.
tiers, the fourth military and aerial
clauses, and the fifth the disposi.
ton of German colonies. The others
are not complete. They concern rep
arations, economic and financial ques-
lions and International labor legsla,
ton. The concluding chapter con,
Germs German guarantees for the exc.
cution of treaty conditions.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
No PLACE FOR ANARCHISTS
IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARGENTINA

terday prevented menacing anarchis-
tic tendencies in the socialist dem
onstrations. President Irigoyen told
DIR. Manuel Carries, president Of the
league, that socialist and anarchistic
organizations had appealed to him for
protection against the league which
had been warned that they would
forcibly suppress any MaXimalist dis
orders. The president asked what
the league intended to do. DR.. Carries
answered that 1t intended to end an
archy and the effort to break down
the civilization of Argentine and in
tends to prevent all demonstrations
Of anarchists
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02

WASHINGTON, D. c., May q
Counsel for North Dakota today filed
a brief contesting the governments
authority to Interfere with intra-
state freight and passenger rates in
an appeal brought to the supreme
court by the government from the
state supreme courts decree enjoin-
ing the Northern Pacific from rails
ing rates in compliance with the rail-
road administration order. The
brief asserts that congress, in en-
acting the railroad control act had
no intention of giving federal officers
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
THOUSANDS WITNESS
FALL OF AVIATORS
. Try Associated Pressp

CHICAGO, May Am air =
plane giving a Victory loan ex- =
hibition here today fell 200 feet =
The pilot and mechanician were =
injured seriously Thousands of =
spectators witnessed the fall. .
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
WAR TIME ENACTMENT
CONTESTED BY WINE
MAKERS Of CALIFORNIA

tion Theodore Bell attorney. He
petitioned for a permanent injunc-
tion to restrain the United States
attorney from enforcing either. The
suit was filed in the name Of Eph,
rain Light, wine maker. and R j..
Williams, vineyardist The complaint
asserts that enforcement would wipe
out an industry valued at $4,000
600.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
MANY VICTIMS
Of MAY RIOTS
ny Associated Press)

'hy Associated PreHs)
CLEVELAND, o., May 2,-The 200
prisoners were arraigned in the pO.
ice court today as a result of May
Day disorders included C. E. Ruthen-
OvFg former socialist candidate for
mayor Street fighting last night fol-
"Wed the rioting which was precipi-
@'ea by socialist parade in which
One man was killed and so injured,
"o perhaps fatally. Sixteen police
men were injured.
Il became known today that federal
troops with two machine gun COM
pal'es were modified outside the
wy Yesterday in readiness to sup.
press disorders yesterday in the
went the police were unable to
"pe with the situation.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
NO MONEY LEFT
FOR THE oregon

WASHINGTON, D. c., May q
A shortage of men is about to cause
the navy to place the battleship Ore
gon out of commission. Acting Secre-
tary Roosevelt said the government
would probably turn the Oregon over
to the state of Oregon to be main
tanned for historical purposes with
out expense to the navy il the state
desired.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
LABOR PROGRAM
MOST IMPORTANT


WASHINGTON, D. c. May =
President Wilson has cabled Secre-
lary Tumulty that in his opinion the
labor program adopted as part of the
peace treaty constituted one Of the
most important achievements of the
new day in which the interests Of
labor are to he Systematically and in
telIigently safeguarded and pro-
noted He said he believed that no
other single thing that had been
done would help more to stabilize
conditions of labor throughout the
world and Ultimately relieve the un-
happy condition which in too many
places have prevailed
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
SOUTHERN COURT
FOR Child LABOR

GREENSBORO, n. c., May q
Federal Judge James Boyd today de-
clared unconstitutional the child la
Dor section of the war revenue bill
placing a prohibitive tax on products
Of child labor Judge Boyd declared
void last year the original child labor
act which the supreme court annulled
by one vote.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
WHAT'S CORSET
ASKS TAX MAN

nv AssOcIAted PresHl IIot,
NEW YORK, May LEV hahh'
executive secretary of the National
Retail Dry Goods association, asked
Commissioner of Internal Revenue
Roper to decide if corsets are under
wear or a luxury, and whether or not
they are taxable Hahn says some
merchants are collecting a war TAX
or corsets and some are not. lie
wants an Official definition
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
BERLIN IS THE
De FACTO CENTER

PARIS, May 2.-The peace confer
ence credentials committee engaged
in examining the German credentials
received at Versailles are said to be
proceeding on the theory that the
Berlin ministry is the real German
government There is no disposi-
ton to question the competency OF
the Berlin government to act for all
Germany
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
China Will NOT
ACCEPT TERMS

PARIS, May 2.-It is understood
that today's meeting of the council
of three will be devoted to odds and
ends. 1t is expected that the Chin
est peace delegation will issue a
statement concerning settlement of
the Kiao-Chau dispute by the coun-
Gil of three which it is understood
will express dissatisfaction
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
OFFERS $135,OOO
FOR THE BIG FIGHT
lmy AssocInted PressI

MINNEAPOLIS, MINI, May =
Mike Collins, a local promoter, tele-
graphed Tex Rickard today an offer
of $135,0O0 for permission to promote
the Willard-Dempsey fight proposed
for the Fourth of July, Collins an
nounced that he had received 100000
backing from Minneapolis and that
the fighters would be brought here
for a ten round contest If Rickard
accepts.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
WILL DEPORT ALIEN
REVOLUT|ON|STS HELD
IN CALIFORNIA JA|LS

ties OF various explosives and chemi,
Gals.
Bomb investigators announced to-
day that they had learned the iden-
tity of the manufacturers of the pc,
culiarly designed papers with which
the bomb packages we're wrapped
They thought this clew might lead to
the discovery Of the conspirators.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
HAYWOOD MUST
REMAIN IN JAIL
tBy Associated PressD

lBy Associated PresN)
CHICAGO. Ill.,, May 2.-The United
States circuit court of appeals has
refused to accept bonds for the re
lease of William Haywood, Industrial
Workers of the World leader, now in
the Leavenworth federal prison. The
Court said the proffered securities
we're insufficient.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
CALLED TO RESIST
JUGO SLAV INVASION
by Associated Frrs-I

GENEVA May THE Carinthla
government has ordered the mobiliza-
tion of 20 military classes to arrest
an inyas on of German Austria by
JugoSlays, says a Berne dispatch.
II is reported that the Jugo-Slavs
are attacking on 50 mile front.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02


NEW YORK, May 2.-The police
are examining a large quantity of eX-
plOsiyes confiscated in a rad last
night IN connection with an inyesti-
cation Of the May Day bomb con
'piTacy It is expected that the po-
Ice and federal officers will make
a roundup of the Reds today. 1t is
reported that messages were sent to
the American peace delegates in
Paris warning them against opening
packages, although there was moth.
Ing to Indicate that bombs had been
sent abroad.
The police described the house
where the explosives were found as
"med.can institute" where treat
nent for drug addicts is given. The
proprietor was arrested charged with
The violation of the drug act. A
quantity Of drugs also was found. The
explosives consisted of 80 ounce bot.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
LEAGUE TO ENFORCE
PEACE CALLS MEETING
thy Associated Pressl

NEW YORK, May 2.-The league
to enforce peace announced today
conventions for popular ratifications
of the league Of nations covenant to
be held in Is eastern, central and
western states during May and June.
William H. Taft is president of the
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02

BUENOS AIRES, May 2.-Vig.lance
committees organized by the Argen-
tine Patriotic League. supported by
military and naval detachments, yes
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02

10y AFhUtIWItU FTcH8I
SAN FRANCISCO, Cal, May g
Parties of alleged alien revolutionists
are being organized at San Francisco
and other coast points for deporta-
ton as a result of the bomb plot
and other radical activities, Immigra-
ton Commissioner White announced
today, The men are held in Jail in
various parts of California and will
be assembled in San Francisco and
sent east by way of Seattle.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
SHAKES
UP THE SIERRAS

Thy Associated PreSS' 18th.
REDDING, Cal, May An ear'n'
Quake of fifteen seconds duration was
so,t berA early today, and also at
Anderson, Calf. No damage was re
norted. There is evidence OF a u'S
turbance at Mt. Lassen since 'ne ''''
arnpaion last night.
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
NON PARTISAN LEAGUE
ACCUSED OF DISLOYALTY
= ln, A..ocLn1eL Prersl }

NV NsNUtINItW FftNsI
Z ST. PAUL, MINI, May 2.-The =
, state supreme court ruled today =
, that A. c. Townley, president of =
the National Non-Partisan .
, League. and Joseph Gilbert, or =
, ganizer, must stand trial on =
charges Of disloyalty. =
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1919-05-02
HANGED FOR MURDER
OF A POLICEMAN
my Associated Presnl

FOLSOM, Cal. May 2.-William
Shortridge, a negro, was hanged at
Folsom state prison today for the
murder year ago of James Mock, a