davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
ALL FOOD PACKAGES
MUST GIVE NET WEIGH

There has been mailed from the office
of the state food department at Vermil-
lion letter to all merchants of the state
explaining briefly the new laws relative
TO weights and measures and regulating
the traffic in eggs. These laws become
effective July /. After that date all deal
ers in eggs viii be licensed by the food
commissioner and all scales, weights and
measures used in the state, with the ex-
ception of scales having capacity of
ton or more, will be tested by inspectors
OF the state food and drug department.
The egg law will make it necessary for
merchants to candle eggs when bought.
This practice has been shown by expert
ence TO result in great economy and to
prevent the entering into commerce Of
vast quantities of eggs which afterward
become unfit for food and, consequently,
a total loss. Commission merchants
buying from dealers will be required TO
render detailed statements TO the dealers
showing the results of their Gambling of
all eggs received. Under the new laws
relative to weights and measures, all
short weights and false measures are to
be done away with. The laws encour
age buying and selling by weight, rather
than by measure. The laws establish
standard weights of dry commodities
and fix the barrel OF -four at 1876 pounds
and the quarter barrel at 40 pounds
This will insure 40 pounds net, sacks oil
-four in the state instead Of As pounds as
at present is the custom, and place this
important food on the same weight basi:
here as in Minpesota and North OAK ota
Full dry measure boxes are required for
all berries and small fruits, and ful
| liquid measures for milk. Coal is re
quired to be sold only by weight, except
at the mine, where the custom is to sci
| by the load
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
SEVENTEEN YEAR LOCUST
NOT TO APPEAR IN S


Brookings, S. D., April 24.-There's
no need worrying over a rumor that the
seventeen-year locust may appear in
South DAKOTA in destructive numbers,
says Prof H. c. SEVERN, state entomolo-
gist at State College. These locusts do
not make their home in this state at all
The seventeen year locust is not grass
hopper but rather cicada, an insect
which differs from hopper not only in
body shape, method of feeding but also
in its life cycle. Most of our grasshop.
pers lay their eggs in the fall and then
die. In the following spring their eggs
hatch into baby grasshoppers which
feed and grow until midsummer, when
they become fully grown and usually
winged.
In describing the seventeen year To-
Gust, Professor Severin says further
The seventeen year cicadas on the other
hand make their appearance as fully
winged insects in countless numbers
early in the year usually at the end of
May. Practically the only damage hey
do is in egg-laying, when the females cut
slits in the small twigs of shade and
fruit trees. This injury oftentmes kills
the small twigs and may be a serious
matter with young trees, but with large
trees the injury results only in a rather
severe pruning. What little food the
winged cicada takes is in the form Of
sap obtained by puncturing the twigs Of
trees with their sucking thread-like
mouth parts.
The eggs remain unmatched for six or
seven weeks but at the end of this time
they give rise to small delicate creatures
which drop to the ground, burrow into
it and finally take their position upon
some root. Here the insects remain for
almost seventeen years. They obtain
their nourishment by sucking out the
sap from the roots but since this is done
so very slowly it is very doubtful ifmuch
harm is Gone to the trees even though
the insects are present IN countless num-
bers. At the end of seventeen years the
immature cicadas leave tho roots, bur
row up through the ground into the air
and then change to cicadas. The insect
is now ready to repeat its life cycle
again.
1t is true that the seventeen year cca-
da will occur in large numbers in Hi
nois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, Maryland, West Virginia, Ken
tucky and other eastern states but as far
as South Dakota and the neighboring
states are concerned, we have nothing
to fear in this respect.
Another form of this same species OF
cicada is the thirteen year variety This
form differs from the seventeen year
type in that it requires but thirteen years
to complete its life cycle and that it oc
ours chiefly in the southern states rather
than in the northern.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
WIDE DISTRIBUTION.

-.
''''o'y l'''n DonuS' a. wen as '"e''
peculiar attractlveness as a business IN
yestment, is emphasized 10y Louis b.
Franklin. national director Of the War
-, o....;.,.io
- " '''0s "'' 'e''' " ''' "' Nc
serve districts, Mr. trahNhn makes the
following statement;
''ln reaching a determination as to the
various characteristics of the Victory
Liberty Loan, particularly as to the rate
of interest on the notes the limitation
OF the amonnt, and the rejection Of over.
subscriptions, the Secretary Of the Treas
ury had in min@ particularly the great
importance OF insuring wide dstribu-
tion Of these notes 20 real investors, so
they could be paid for out Of present or
future savings and consequently without
creating any strain on the banking re-
sources of the country.
The terms as announced have met
with universal approval, and it should
be impressed upon every Libetty Loan
committee in the country that the real
task before us is not accomplished sim
ply by raising the specified amount Of
money. II that had been the sole OBJ
ject, il is probable that the amount Of
the Loan would have been fixed at a
larger figure and the over subscriptions
accepted. 1t is most important at this
time, with the dissolution of the great
volunteer Liberty Loan Organization
after the close Of this campaign, that
everything possible should be done to
prepare the way for an alb. Drption Of the
oyer-supply Of government bonds, which
has been the chief reason for the decline
in the price Of the old issues and the
plan OF the Secretary was adopted with
particular reference to this situation.
1T is now the task of the Liberty
Loan committees to conduct the cam
paIgn IN such way that this result will
be realized. We must pursue the same
intensive methods OF distribution as
nave been so successfully used in the
past In the Fourth Loan, the commit
tees distributed to over twenty-five mil.
lion subscribers, who purchased in
amounts of from fifty to ten thousand
dollars inclusive, the sum of approxi-
mately four billion dollars Of bonds, and
If equally good distribution can be real
lzed at this time, very large over-sub-
scrption Is assured.
The Secretary has tried to devise a
note which shall be choice investment
at the time OF Its Issue Gnd winch will
maintain Its market, Having done his
share, 1t is now up to the Liberty Loan
committees to complete the work.
1T should again be emphasized that it
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
SOLDIERS ARE ENTITLED
TO FULL EQUIPMENT.

If any soldier failed for any reason to
receive a complete outfit and uniform
when discharged, he may secure the ex-
ira articles 10y applying to the domestic
distribution officer of the direct storage
at Washington, ID. c., according to noti-
dcations received at the local army re-
cruiling station. This application must
be accompanied by sworn statement
of the soldiers service since April 9th,
1917, including the articles desired stat
ing whether they were not received
W ben discharged or were returned after
being discharged.
This applies to not only men who
have been honorably discharged but to
those who have been furloughed into the
reserve.
Sizes must be given. The following
articles complete uniform:
al overseas cap (for all enlisted men
who have had service overseas), or
hat and hat cord for all other enlist
ed mem
b-l olive drab shirt.
c--l wooden service coat and orna.
ments.
d. pair wooden breeches
e-l pair shoes.
fl pair canvass or spiral leggins
canvass il available.)
g-l waist belt
| hi slicker.
| i'll overcoat
j-2 suits underwear.
| k-4 pair stockings
I'll pair gloves
nj gas mask and helmet (for whom
they were issued overseas.
nj set toilet articles; this includes
hair brush, comb, tooth brush, |
shaving brush, / razor, small steel
mirror and 2 towels. or in possession
of soldier at time OF discharge.
OIL barracks bag.
p--3 scarlet cheyrons to be sewed on
uniform prior to discharge when prac.
| tieable,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
FIFTH LIBERTY LOAN
Custer is Asked TO Subscribe for $50, 900
of the Fifth Victory Liberty
Loan Bonds.

Appended herewith is a copy Of a
letter ISSUED by F. NJ. Stewart, county
chairman Of the Victory Liberty Loan
committee, to members Of the commit
tee appointed to assist in conducting the
campaign in Custer county. The letter
explains the necessity of taking these
bonds, and the committee is expected
to do its best to carry out the ishes Of
the government. South Dakota has
been allotted $3.50, 500, 600 Of the Victory
Liberty Loan. Custer county's quota is
S90,00000. The rate of interest is four
and three quarter per cent.
Buffalo Gap, $. d., April l., 1919.
To Members of the Committee:
Gentemen;-I am just in receipt of a
beated telegram dated 18th from
Minneapolis headquarters advising us
that our quota for the "N" Loan is
S9O,0O00O. This takes us back to the
Third Loan allotment:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
THERE Is DANGER I'm
PLANTING SMALL POTATOES.

1t is not safe policy to plant small
potatoes for seed because these tubers
may have come from run.out degenerate
hills or diseased hills, cautions f. h..
Mccall, extension horticulturist at State
College. Small potatoes from healthy
high yielding hills are just as good seed
as any, but in making the selection from
the bin small potatoes from such bills
cannot be distinguished from small pots
toes with bad history
The following diseases common in
South Dakota cause dwarting Of the
plant and the tubers as well as decreas-
ing the number OF tubers in hill,
fusarium wilt, blackleg, leaf curl, rhiz-
octonia and Mosaic. 1t is best to play
safe and save tubers of four 10 eight
ounces for seed purposes.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26

Mrs J. II. lieumphreus and daughter,
Mary, Mrs. Enola Meyers, Mrs. A. h.
Foye, Mrs. f.. q. Kneeland and son,
Lloyd, and Mrs w. j. Reynick were
passengers TO Denver Thursday even
ing, going for the purpose of attending
the homecoming celebration of the
l57th regiment of Colorado soldiers
who are to arrive there today from
France. Two former Custer boys, Glen
Peterson and Mont Heumphreus, are in
this regiment,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26

The notes are to be on -four years time
at ] I per cent and are exempted from
state and inheritance taxes.
Storms, impassable roads and demor-
allied telephone service has made it i'm.
possible to hold meeting or consult
with each other relating to the cam
paign. However, with the local allot-
ments the same as the 3rd loan, sub
scriptions can be solicited with fairness
and equity.
Headquarters insists "that each Coun-
ty takes its allotment, aud that the loan
must be distributed to the people?
The Ladies have organized in this
County, and local representatives will
likely call upon you for information and
cards and their assistance should be APP
preciated and encouraged.
Our record in previous drives is A /
and We must come across again and not
compel our banks to make up any de-
iciency as they are due to take another
issue of Treasury Certificates.
Yours for quick action and results.
f. NJ. STEWART,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1919-04-26
Chairman.

At noon Friday the Custer County and
the First National Banks of this city re-
ported that they had received subscrip-
tions amounting to S25, 600. No reports
had been received or were available
from any OF the outside towns or districts
up to the time of going to press.
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
s9c-CANDY spFCIAI-s9c

0JC-NNNUl oFLNINI-1JUs
Tempting Fruits In Cream, packed in
dainty Lavender Striped one pound
boxes, each containing crushed Peaches,
Strawberries, Pineapple and Ralsins.
SPECIAL, 500 the pound box.
Danforth's Dependable Drugs,
Market and Second Sts.-Adv.
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
For The "HuHy-Up Meal" Try
These Qu ckiy Made Dishes

There never was a cook "as is a cook"
who was not called upon to prepare
meal in no time at all--or at least in
from 10 minutes to a half-hour. Every
business has its times Of wild rush
and cooking is no exception An unex-
pected guest may cause the rush-or a
sudden call out OF tOwn-Or IL may be
daily affair when the cook is likewise
a business woman and can afford no
long period for preparing a meal. But
the "hurry-up meal" comes TO every
woman-and here are a few suggestions
and menus that may help in the half
hour OF need:
Left overs are the greatest help. Cold
potatoes may be cubed and fried in the
same pan that is cooking the bacon or
BIT OF steak Fresh corn bread is de-
liclous, and II baked In mu1ln tins can
be ready In 2 minutes after il is stirred
up. II ordinary biscuit dough Is baked
on a Erlddle on top OF the stove. Il can
be split, buttered, and spread with
fresh or canned fruit, or served as a
pie" with warmed over meat and
gravy.
Either canned or fresh fruits can be
quickly made into salad If combined
with shelled nuts, which should always
be kept on hand, or served with French
or ready-made salad dressing Canned
nsh, Is also ready for a salad. with
lemon slices and French dressing, or
can be baked quickly II faxed and mix
ed with milk, seasoning and cracker
All kinds Of fresh lsh cook
nicely II pan-broled for IS minutes.
For desserts canned fruits and fresh
sponge cake, or cup cakes are quickly
Cup custards and tapioca or
cornstarch pudding may be made and
cooled by the time the FIRST part Of the
meal Is finished. Thin sandwiches
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
ALL ABOUT MAY DAY

May Day. the true spring festival. Is
as ancient a holiday as we find in all
the calendar.
The few surviving rites Of the feast
Of May, which we celebrate by an oc-
casional May pole dance. a hanging Of
May baskets and sometimes a May walk
ARE a dim and tattered remnant OF the
old Roman festival Of Floralia, inaugu-
rated to celebrate the return Of the
growing season for the crops. and all
the renewed life OF nature.
The origin OF the May pole Is not dis
Lnct. The customs OF the pole decora-
Ion and dance appeared in England OF
the Middle Ages The first accounts OF
The custom say It was the habit OF peo-
pie during the reign OF Henry WIN 10
go INTO the woods the night before May
day and gather flowers and branches
with which they decorated their houses
the next day. Robin Hood and his band
OF merry men, aud Maid Marian prob
ably added something to the woodland
festival, and perhaps even the May pole
Itself.
The May poles erected in English
villages during the fifteenth century
were usually OF brentwood. and were
wound, during dance, with flowers
and ribbon garlands.
An English writer records the fact
that English maidens once thought May
dew great beautlfier, and went out
into the fields very early the FIRST OF
May morning to rub their cheeks with
dew and thereby secure rosy cheeks for
the remainder OF the year.
May Day is a great holiday in Sweden
where the custom is for each village TO
stage sham fight between the forces
Of Summer and Winter. with Winter
always defeated. burned in efflgy. and
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
DIR. S. c. MITCHELL
UPHOLDS LEAGUE
Abolition CT War Only One
of Ingredients That
Will Result
COLLEGE PRESIDENT
DISCUSSES SUBJECT
snacInl 10 ma EyenIng Ionrnal.

Special 10 The Evening Journal.
NEWARK, April s5.-"The Growth OF
ne Idea OF the League OF Nations" was
discussed last night by DR.. Samuel C.
Mitchell, president Of Delaware College
before the League Of Nations Club OF
lhe college. This was the fourth meet
Ing held by the club and the talk Of DR..
Mitchell's was unusually interesting.
nrZAfltchell declared that the League
OF Nations Is not a device but a histor-
ical development, which viii not only
abolish war, but also create an interna-
lional organization for the furiheranc0
Of The common good Of humanity" The
abolition OF the war;" he said, will be
but one OF tie ingredients growing out
Of this world organization which Will
do for the nations what the state did
for the individuals thousands Of years
ago."
In considering the historical aspect Of
the proposed world organization. the
speaker referred 10 the growth Of the
American Union out Of the thirteen
sovereign states and the submission OF
their sovereignty 90 the jurisdiction Of
the Supreme Court He then considered
the unconscious development OF the
British Empire as another example or
The growth Of internationallsm and
nointod 10 the comfy between English
speaking peoples as a strong nucleus
Tor world organization, such as Will
brlng 20 the world a better day.
But aside from the organization OF a
world league, The speaker showed the
growth Of the international mind
among the peoples OF the earth, due
10 the many business, cultural and in
lellectual organizations even with
stood the hatred and disruption Of the
great war. To this one, the lnterna-
tional Agricultural Institute, founded
by David Luhln. with Offices in Rome.
Italy. Or. Mitchell pointed as an eX-
smnle Of internatlonalism grOwlg out
of sheer business expedency anb com
mon usefulness.
~ rn=e4osng he spoke OF the recently
organized international University
students Union. OF which Henry b.
Thompson, of Wilmington, is treas
nrer.> He said Il Is but another step
toward right mlndedness.
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
THINK OF FOODS
in GROUPS
BY MRS. ETHELyN MIDDLETON.
Condiments and FIavorings.

BY MRS. E1HELiN MiDDLEION.
These, properly speaking, are not
foods. but additions to foods. They
should. however, be considered in a
group, for an intelligent use OF them
gives variety to cooking and zest to
anpetlte. Il is also claimed that flavor
stimulates digestion.
In this group we have the flavoring
extracts. Poor extracts are expensive
at any price; therefore. when buying
your lemon, vanilla, or orange extract,
read the label. Be sure the extract is
marked as pure and put up by a rela-
Bile house.
The housewife who gives variety TO
her cooking has on her emergency
shelf many savory relishes, such as
chill sauce. Worcestershire sauce for
cold meats, a good table sauce for 1sh
and hot meats, or, TO add to the soup,
ketchup, oyster cocktail sauce, tabas-
co, and some highly spiced tomato rel
lsh. The number OF meats is limited,
but the good cook can give you the
sauces in unlimited number The
monotony 81 pan gravy is relieved by
adding a few drops Of one Of these
relishes. More people would like FISH If
the flavor were slightly more stlmulat-
ing. The same is true Of hash. rag
outs and made dishes" in general.
In this group we are including
good jar OF extract Of beef; this really
S a food product that adds food value
to a dish, as well as stimulates taste.
All soups and ragouts are improved by
the addition OF a little beef extract
and on the second serving Of the roast
the little Jar will provide gravy In
abundance.
A skillful use Of flayors and condl-
ments will raise commonplace cooking
nto the professional class and get un-
usual results from inexpensive mate
rlals.
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
AT A PARENT
TEACHERS MEETING

Putting the home on a business basis
was the topic assigned to the speaker
Of the day. After the figuring on house
hold finances, however. the delightful
group OF busy, progressive, home
makers got right down 10 a heart to
heart food and recipe talk. Here are
some Of the interesting helps that were
given. Some were spontaneous testi-
mOnials, others were answers to ques-
tions.
Mrs. Acres rose TO offer her discovery
that cheaper cuts Of meat were better
favored If cooked with little water
Mrs. Acre sears the meat wei Ito seal in
the juices. Then she puts IL in a slow
oven and allows IL TO cook gently till
done. A strip or two Of bacon over the
top adds flavor and the necessary fat.
Mrs. Jones. added that she had found
that a tablespoon Of peanut butter used
in basting a chicken roast added the
necessary fat and a delicious nutty
flavor and was less expensive than
bacon.
Mrs. Allen, the mother OF three beau
tiful children attending the school
where the meeting was held, spontane-
osly offered this for pancake -four.
II have been a bit old fashioned
about many new foods and held out
against prepared pancake flour until
my family forced me 10 use some.
They are remarkably fond OF pan
cakes with a good cane and corn syrup,
or strawberry jam. I've always mixed
up my own until last week and | must
admit the package OF pancake flour
mixes up into just as good batter as
can make. It saves time and Is less
expensive than buying all the ingredi-
ents and putting them together. | took
particular pains TO look at the brand
and was glad to find the same name
guaranteeing It that / demand for
canned fruits and vegetables and best
butter"
Mrs. Julia Blashek had sent in the
following recipe by request and Mrs.
Stowell read it TO the group. IL is for
a breadcrumb cake:
Bread bort.
4 Ii. almonds-blanched (cut flne)
z lb. almonds-with peels (cut fne)
Y ID. confectioner's sugar
s eggs
Rlnd OF one lemon-cut into very
fine pieces
Evening journal., 1919-04-25
SPRING STUNTS?
DONE 'EM YET?

T.ove is all very well for the pro-
verbal Young mans fancy-but busy
housezeeper must turn her spring
hourhts 10 the Effect OF love and
natrimony-,o the spring houseclean-
Inc. sewing and gardening that is part
81 home-makingl
CT ready Tor the spring cleaning by
giving closets. trunks and bureau
drawers an overhaullng. cleaning and
sorting out. Pack away winter clothes,
arsi having them well cleaned ana
gircd
Discard all surplus clothing, old fur
niure and excess bric-a-brac. Gct ria
Of useless stun that Is only care.
Take a rainy day TO set the porch
furniture In The attic or basement ana
repalnt it and the flower boxes. Take
measurements and plan for new porch
cushions, rugs, etc.
Clean and use whitewash In the
basement and dispose Of all rubbish,
accumulated papers, ashes. etc.
Look over the screens and awnings TO
insure their good condition.
Paint The frames. wash and dust the
screening and brush well with coal oil
10 prevent rust, or paint with very thin
green paint. Screens painted white are
practically opaque from the outside and
are desirable in windows close TO the
street or ncighboring houses.
Look 10 the household plumbing. a
strong solution Of washing soda in
boilinS water should be given the
bathroom pipes once a month and the
kitchen sink once week Examine
and clean the garbage can and SET it
outdoors A heavy coat Of paint pre-
serves the metal. Be sure the lid is
dosproof and flyught.
Take an inventory OF the family
clothing and the linen rooms.
List and note the materials on hand.
those needing repair. and those which
must be replaced. Il saves time and
prevents buying more than Is needed
or emitting essentials.
This is a good time 30 inspect
kitchen and pantry equipment. dis
posing Of outworn utensils ami filling
in with new. It's a good time 40
sort over fruit and vegetable cans In
preparation for the canning season.
get them tos, ther and insure good
condition and fun supply before prices
so up and the supply is short.