The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-27
CUMMINS SEES Big
DANGER IN LEAGUE
Continued from First Page.


leader. Senator Lodge (Mass), has as
sumed, that the making OF a peace with
the Central Empires was the immediate
primary duty of the Peace Conference.
Senator Cummins said:
II do not believe that treaties with
this object in view should precede the
settlement Of the terms OF peace which
are to be imposed upon Germany. 1t is
my opinion that we should FIRST dispose
Of Germany and that Immediately there
after the Peace Conference now assem-
bled in Paris should make a determined
effort for peace among all nations and
for all time to come
Would Vote Against II.
The Iowan made no concealment OF his
willingness once the peace with the
Teutonic empires had been effected to
enter into the consideration OF some
agreement looking to the establishment
of permanent world peace, but he was
unwilling to accept the fruit Of the Paris
conference as the foundation OF such a
world pact.
with respect to the proposed consti-
tuition of the league" continued Senator
has explicitly given his approval. which
undoubtedly commands the assent of the
remaining American Commissioners.
have this to say before enter upon any
analysis of its somewhat confused and
complicated terms From my standpoint
there Is some good in It, and l sincerely
hope that at some stage of the proceed
ings of the Senate l may have an oppor-
tunity to express in a definite way my
approval not only of the purpose in view
but of these parts themselves.
L. 49, l. - l.
it Is my prayer that these parts may be
stricken from 1t. In order that there
may be no doubt about my position
desire to say that IL were compelled to
vote upon the instrument as n whole as
now proposed 1 would unhesitatingly
vote against II, because there are articles
and parts OF articles IN the proposed
treaty which are not only far beyond our
authority to make, but which change
the whole character of our Government
and overturn the institutions upon which
We have so long depended for the safety
of our people and the perpetuity Of our
independence.
Dooms Constitutional Powers.
There are provisions in It which not
only degrade the spirit of our people but
put 1t beyond the power of the republic
to establish Justice, insure domestic
tranquility, provide for the common de-
fence. promote the general welfare and
secure the blessings of liberty to our
selves and our posterity' and so fulfil the
initial declaration OF the Constitution OF
the United States"
Senator Cummins stated II TO be his
belief that the American people hoped
that the permanency of peace of the
world would be a reward of the sacri-
] a 4.
| to accept the suggestions that the estab-
lishment OF universal peace could mean
the dethronement OF Americanism. He
continued;
1T do not intend to dwell upon these
articles which. as look at the subject
tend in the right direction. I will be
! better understood IL I trace the outlines
Of the compact which I think ought &c
emerge from the struggle just closed.
Arbitration or Adjudication.
"First-we ought to agree and nj
other nations ought to agree that jus
ticiable disputes-and by justiciable dis
putes I mean those issues which can be
nized law to establish facts--should bt
settled either by arbitration or adjudi
cation: and we ought to agree and al
other nations ought TO agree withou
equivocatiou or reserve that we ant
they will abide by and perform th'
award of Judgment.
"Second-We ought to agree and al
other nations ought to agree that will
respect to other international disputes
war shall not he made until some per
lmanent regular international body IL
which every member of the league Il
represented shall have had fair op
portunity to discuss and consider 1T
body that would combine the enlight
ened conscience of the world. Upon sucl
questions there should be no award. NJ
Judgment and the sanction should b.
confined to the moral influences whicl
time, thought and free discussion will
awaken.
"Thlrd-If any nation should refus
to submit a proper controversy 10 judg
ment or refuse to perform the tudgmen
when rendered or refuse to delay wa
until the combined Powers have an op
portunity to consider the subject in al
it's aspects / am willing to agree tina
ostracism shall be the penalty infiicte'
upon the offending nation.
"Fourth-It Is my Arm belief that tn
compact should contain programme o
disarmament and. after all. In disarms
ment largely lies the hope OF permanent
peace The constitution proposed Il
Paris Is most disappointing in this re
gard, for a careful study OF Its provi
sions gives us little right to believe ther
will be any disarmament among IN
strong Powers which are to give tn
compact life and vigor."
Limit OF Peoples Aims.
The Iowa leader told the Senate tina
he believed that in these four paragraph
he had stated the aims of the America
, people Beyond that, he said. he did nc
believe the citizens of America woul
go. He proceeded:
= IT cannot and will not believe ths
, Americans with red blood in their VEIN
= with fervid longing for peace in the
= hearts, who have pride In the histor
of their country and who love the II
stitutIons with which the honorable di'
: tinction of the United States throughot
, the world Is inseparably connected. wi
endure, much less approve. those part
of the proposed constitution to while
I am about to refer parts which in m
Judgment not only nelItralize all II
benefits OF a peaceful settler ant OF a.!
3 putes between nations but which a
= irmatively destroy the national stru
= ture and which commit the United State
Y TO a course which must end In humilii
r tIon and disa ster. Article 10 of II