davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
American Aid
Decisive

Looking back to the beginnings of the
war, the calculations as to it's outcome
based on population and the attrition
theory seem more than ever grotesuue.
In contest between the original groups
of belligerents (including italy, num-
bers would not have won. 1t is clear now
that Germany failed only because she
carried the war to America. Otherwise
she had sufficient resources and enjoyed
enough military advantages to win
partial victory. And even draw would
have been victory for her, so long as she
retained control of that Middle Europe
which she had erected out of the terri
tory of Austria Hungary, Bulgaria and
Turkey.
Germany had the troops. artillery.
munitions, technical appliances and or
ganlzation to win with. She had COM
petent generals of division and generals
of armies. But she was wofully lack
ing in genuine political and military
leaders.
Macmillan Harden said of William
IL that he was only Snowman" His
cheap theatrical quality was not I'M
known to the men who surrounded him
and controlled him. But his faults were
their faults also. Neither in the group of
statesmen and diplomats nor in the
group of military men into whose hands
the destinies of Germany fell after wa,.
was declared was there one figure of
1lrst class ability. German public life had
become sterile. The Imperial Chancel-
Tors, from Bethmann-Hollweg to Maxi
milan Of Baden, were mere place hold
ers, without authority, convictions or
courage They were the tools of the
military group. Prince Won Btlow was
the only civilian in Germany fit to be
compared with the Bismarckian genera
ton. And neither the Emperor nor the
military autocrats wanted to make use
OF his at least respectable abilities.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

interruptedly throughout the struggle.
The German General Staff imposed it's
strategy on the Entente. 1t was not
until July, 1913, when American man
power became available, that the offensive
passed definitely and irrevocably into
Allied hands.
The attrition theory of 1914 and 1915
therefore broke down absolutely, in so
far as it was based on the discrepancy
in numbers between the Central States
and the original members of the En-
tente. Mere numbers are not eouiva-
lent to military strength. The two-to-
one advantage of the Entente in popula-
ton was offset by the obstacles in the
way of conversion of latent war power
into military energy Time was one of
these obstacles Others were an I'M
favorable geographical position, def
cheney in military training and equip
ment, greater industrial unpreparedness
for war and lack of unified leadership.
All these weighed heavily against the
Entente, making it's impressive numeri-
Cal pTepOHueTdUco only CdntdllZlnS ana
elusive asset. The superior masses at
the disposition of the Allied govern
ments could not hope to wear down the
Teuton armies so long as the latter en-
joyed the enormous advantages Tin ad-
dition to actual equality on the fight
ing lines) Of better equipment, heavier
guns, interior lines of communication,
unified strategy and the freedom of ac-
ton which accompanies possession of
the offensive.
Parallels in military history are often
highly misleading, because they ignore
vital changes in military conditions. The
oretically the situation Of the Central
Powers may have seemed in 1914, 1915
and 1916 almost as hopeless as the stu
alton of Prussia during the Seven Years
War. The Central States were beleag-
ured, as Prussia was. France, Great
Britain, Italy and Russia were at first
glance as overpowering hostile comb
nation as France, <Saxony, Austria and
Russia had been. But it was, in fact,
nothing dixie SO overpowering, as events
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
The "WOrId Power"
Madness

In the military group Won Tirpitz and
Ludendorff stood out both narrow
brutal, parochial minded, typical of all
that was worst morally and intellectually
IN modern Germany. These two, as will
be pointed out in the course of these
studies, made wreck of German mill
tary policy. Their leadership offset the
lndubltable strategic advantages which
Germany possessed. By CHANGING the
character of the war they made it i,npos
slole Tor Germany to end it without un-
exampled disaster. They took seriously
the Bernhard alternative of world
power or downfall" And thew soupht
world power in so senseless a manner az
to make downfall inevitable.
BY 1914 the German mind had become
corroded with blatant sort of chan
vlnlsm. Modesty moderation. self-dis-
trust had ceased to be German virtues
Initiating the Kaiser, all Germans If
light and leading assumed tone If
boastfulness and self-glorifcation. Saws
Or. Muhlon: AT home the social and
poiltlcal leaders acted as though The
German was at the forefront the world
over and was its ideal of the con,;no
man, since his culture, his power his
principles, his aims were higher and
broader than those of all other peoples
All Germans who were in a position 10
influence the policy of the governments
thought alike. And under these leaders
pulled up with egomania, the German
people rushed down a precipice into the
sea- Germany was not DESTROYED by the
weight OF outside numbers. She was
destroyed by madness within. She had
nothing to fear from Russia's 175. 600
600 moujiks. Her star set when she de.
hoerately expanded European war into
world war; thereby neutralizing and nu,-
hfying the enormous military ADVANTAGES:
which would have enabled her to break
down the original European coalition
against her and might have enabled her.
TO create German Mitteleuron.
stretching from Berlin TO Bardad. from
Hamburg to Herat, from Bremen to
Bokhara.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

On the Western front proper the Brit
ish and the French fought side by side.
France was the natural leader. But the
increasing Importance of the BritisL~
military contribution made it exceedingly
difficult for Great Britain to forego in
dependence of command. National pride
and sensitiveness stood in the way of
military efficiency.
The Italian disaster at Caporetto. in
the fall of 1917, and the British disaster
before st. Quentin, IN the spring Of 1913,
were striking demonstrations Of the cost
of disunity. But even then unity of
leadership would hardly have been ac-
complished except for the intervention
of the Unite States The American
command had no pride Of opinion. Our
influence in Allied councils, added to the
saving common sense of Premier Llovd
George, finally forced Foch's selection az
generalissimo. That was one of Amer
ica's greatest contributions to Allied VIC
tory. 1t made a real Allied offensive
possible for the first time since August.
1914.
Germany really lost the war in the
winter Of 1851, when she bounded
the United States out of neutrality and
into belligerency But the Allies did not
put themselves in position to win the
war until they decided to fight as unit.
and not separately.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

operated only in the Far East and sent
no troops to Europe); by the use which
France was able to make of her African
colonies, from which she drew more than
100000 regulars and auxiliaries; and by
the forces which Great Britain eventu-
ally raised in British India, Ceylon and
the other Asiatic colonies. BY 1918 In
dia alone had furnished more than H.
100000 men (mostly auxiliaries).
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

published in 1911, General Won
Bernhard said that the Germans would
be obliged in the near future to choose
between "world power and downfall"
That phrase summed up the empty i'm
aginings of the pan-German agitation.
A rational German military policy in
1911 or in 1914 would not have contem-
plated two such alternatives. If Prussia
intended to engage in another war OF
conquest, she had only to follow the prec-
edents set by Frederick the Great in the
eighteenth century and by Moltke and
Bismarck in the nineteenth. Those
precedents did not compel a gamble be-
tween world power and ruin.
The Prussian state was slow growth.
First, it embraced only the petty Mark
of Brandenburg. Then the Duchy of
East Prussia was acquired. Pomerania
was conquered from the Swedes; West
Prussia and Posen were taken from the
Poles; Silesia was grabbed from Aus
tria, and considerable part of Saxony
from the Saxons. The Rhine province
was acquired by marriage and inheri-
taucA
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

Dankl moved northeast from the Vistula
into Poland. 1t won victory at Kras-
mix and advanced confidently tow
ard Lublin. Had it reached this town
the Russians would have been obliged to
abandon the line of the Vistula from
Warsaw south to Ivangorod, as they had
to abandon it a year later when Won
Mackensen followed in Dankl's foot
steps.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
She Had Troops Enough to Hold
France, Great Britain and Italy
and Defeat Russia
By William l.. Mcpherson
Copyright, 1919, NeaU York Tribune Inc.

The Central Powers
Germany .......... 6s,0oo,ooo
Austria-Hungary 80. 100000
Turkey ............. 100000
Bulgaria (entered the
war in 1879 ...... 4,750,o00
Total ............ las, 100000
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

The Entente Powers
France without her
colonies) ....... 39,6o0,ooo
Inc United Kingdom. 46,000,OOO
Canada, Australia, New
Zealand and South
Africa ...... 100000
Belgium ......... 100000
Serbia and Montenegro 100000
Portugal ........... 100000
Russia Its, 100000
Italy Conferred the war
in 1879. ............ 100000
Total 1885, 100000
The balance was turned still NOR
heavily against Germany by the entranc
into the war of Japan (Which, however
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

were to prove. Frederick the Great
owed his salvation to change of sover-
eigns in Russia, Peter III reversing the
policy of the Empress Elizabeth and 60
ing over to the side of Prussia.
But in this war Russia, colossus in
extent and numbers compared to what
she was in 1862, was actually defeated
IN the field before she deserted the En-
tente coalition. Cut off from her allies
and limited in industrial resources, she
could not stand the killing pace of mod
ern war. She had yielded in 1904 to the
numerically inferior strength Of Japan
Now she yielded to the numerically in
ferior strength of Germany.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
Russia Relatively
Weaker

In Frederick the Greats time soldier
was soldier. The Russians were not far
belowthe Prussians or the French in fight
ing and staying power. They stood up
against Napoleon in many battles They
defeated him at Eylau. The weapons of
that day put all armies more or less on
an equality, if courage and endurance
were equal In the smaller armies of
the eighteenth century and the first half
Of the n1nteenth century there was far
more evenness of quality. Under uni
versal service the military defects of
the backward nations were accentuated.
In his book, "a Nation Trained in Arms
or Miltia?" published in 1918, Lieu
tenant General Baron Won Freytag- Lor-
inghoven, Deputy Chief of the German
General Staff, who had himself served
when young man in the Russian army,
says very justly:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

~ ERMANY fell a victim to delu-
& sions of grandeur. In his book,
Germany and the Next War"
published in 1911, General Won
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
GERMANY SIZES TIP
INTRIGUE OPENING
Huns Expect Outbreak
Among Italians Over the
Fiume Situation
HOPE TO RESTORE
RUSSIAN FRIENDSHIP
NE.A Special to The EvenIng Journal.

NE. A Special TO The Evening journal
nEH.Is .sl'1, N J Jgiss' Jgiss' a 4 Germany sizes aP
the troubles OF the allies through the
eyes Of Preuccische Zeitung lhusly:
italy Is NeXed because the Fiumo
question is not solved. and she is an
noSed because she has not been inyit-
edtto Join with England, France and
the United States in the new alliance.
Her differences With Serbia are making
her turn to Bulgaria, power not yet
dissrmed. And Bulgaria Is a friend OF
Han gary. that good old friend Of Ger
many. Enver Pasha is reported TO be
engaged in nghiing the Armenians at
the head Of Tartar troops. England has
her hands fun Of Mahomodsn trouble
in.Egypt and India. For MS the main
point IN all these troubles is that our
road 10 the Balkans is still open.
@France and England are striving Wig
oreusly TO prevent the union of Ger
man Austria with Germany They
may forbid ~, but they cannot prevent
this natural consequence Of the dlsrup-
tien Of Ausiris-Hungary There Is a
struggle between Italy and the Jugo-
Sla,s FOR the possession OF South
Tyrol should u fan TO Italy. North
fyrol will adhere TO Germany, and the
synpathy between the two parts OF
flie Tyrol VIII open a way for Ger
many to reach Italy and the south
North Bohemia similarly Is 10 provide
-1neans OF contact between Germany
and Czecho-Slovakia. Notwithstanding
the protests Of Hamburg. transport and
hsFbor facilities must be accorded to
the new republic, and these. together
with the determination Of President
Nasaryk 10 live az peace with his
neishbors. viii make yet another not
shle breach in the dam with which the
sHies intend 10 hold back German
energy.
>'Still more satisfactory are the
o1snines TO be found along the eastern
trent Besides all The lesser but use
fdf opportunities afforded IN Courland,
lAhuania and the Ukraine. there is lho
splendid prospect Of making friends
wiih Russia. Germany and Russia once
before were IN concert TO destroy pO-
lald. and what can even an enlarged
peland do with 60 million Germans on
oue side Of her and iSj millions Of !
nOssians on the other2"
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
SC)CH -
81 II II l377 =
I O]J IJ Y rJ''U7
BY o. II. JOYFUL.

In your left hand you are the neat,
little tin OF sweetly-scented dentlfr.ce
In your right hand you firmly grip
your rather worn tooth brush
You bring the two hands close 10
sether, tho right slightly under the
left and you squeeze with your left
hand
The object Is 70 lay neat section
Of tooth paste on the bristles OF your
tooth brush
At this moment YOU thoughilessly
yawn, your eyes cloud up and rain and
you ra'se your right hand TO wipe out
the weeps thereby inserting size
able hunk OF said dcniifrice In your
optic.
After dropping both tube and tooth
brush and roaming out your eye, you
start all over again
This time the tooth paste is properly
lad and you begin brushing your
teeth only 10 find you've forgotten 10
take moulhful of water. thereby
making the whole thing gritty and
messy.
Again you start.
This time You go through with H.
The only trouble being that you cough
at The wrong moment anf consequent.
iy sputer quantities OF The mixture all
over your map.
You know how you feel after gong
through this same process day IN and
day out
Week in and week out
Month i'm and month ont
Year after year
You feel like getting up on your
hind legs and yelping with agony al
the very thought OF this daily
You become desperate and try 70
vary the monoiony by indulglng IN
new and strange pasles, powders and
liquids
You Kid yourself into near inscnsi-
bllty TO Tho deadly monoiony by
changing the hours for tooth brush
Ing from morning to night, or even
10 noon.
There seems 90 he only one way out
You think darkly OF taking a.
TO is 10 get false teeth
But even that would be simply
change I'm The monotony you'd have
10 take 'em and put 'em in water every |
night
Ne gods. this is a tough llfeliil
"Buttermilk toothache medicine -hlc
mixed &c. a staggering individual ex- !
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
Spent Fortune in Search

81 spent si.sOO in years treating
with physicians, some specialists cost
ing me $40 visit. only TO at last say
that nothing could be done for me, that
] had cancer or ulcers Of the stomach.
suffered awful pains in my stomach,
but after taking a few doses Of Mayr's
Wonderful Remedy these all disappear
ed and for 3 years am feeling fine" II
.is a simple, harmless preparation that
removes the catarrhal mucus from the
intestinal tract and allays the milan
malion which causes practically all
stomach, liver and intestinal ailments
including appendicitis One dose will
convince or money refunded.
j. NJ. Eckerd. The Miller Drug Store,
~ b Danforth. and druggists every
where
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
81 HELD NIw w .pLoTn

BISBEE. Arl., July i1.-Slxty-f -fOur
men, many OF them prominent, were
named defendants IN complaints filed,
changing Kidnapping and assault in
connection with the deportation Of
more Than 100 alleged members OF the
Industrial Workers OF the World and
their sympathlzers July II. 1917. The
complaints were filed before Judge w
G. Jacks, Of Douglas.
Several hundred moro complaints
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
rANons WAL EMPLOYEES.

ANASHINGTON. July ii.-Leglslation
ptpposing thirty days annual leave Of
absence to all postal employees Is 10
he urged at this session Of Congress
b% Representative A. r. Rouse. Of Ken
turky. a member Of the post office
committee OF the House. The Rouse
bn is understood 10 have the indorse-
nlsni Of prominent officials of the Post
DGice Department. although II has not
sei been approved by Postmaster Cen
eral Burleson.
The Rouse measure VIII be support
ed in the senate by Senator Townsend,
chairman Of the Senate post office
roinmittee, and probably by Senator
psnrose. The bill proposed that the
thirty days annual leave with pay
shall be apportioned on the basis OF
two and q half days a month for each
month OF service during the year.
Evening journal., 1919-07-11

employers to give preference to male
workers, because Of womens supposed
physical disabilities, but that view is
not supported by experience. Employ
ers In the metal trade declare that for
every kind OF repetition work they
prefer the work OF women to that Of
men.
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
THIS DATE In HISTORY
JULY H..

f7S2-Savannagh, Ga, evacuated by
the British.
fSi9-susan Warner, novelist born
Author of The sNide. WIDE World"
iSi2-iienry Abbey, author and poet,
born. well know contributor TO the
magazines.
1S6i-Confederates threatened Wash
ington, ID. G..
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
SAY WOMEN GOOD
AS MEN WORKERS

LONDON. UNITED Press lBy MALL
The report Of the War Cabinet Com
mitfee on Women In Industry records
the history OF a change in the British
social and economic system so great
that 10 is described as IAN industrial
revolution"
The change began IN the "ninetles"
with the development of automatic
machinery. This brought women into
the machine shops, but In very small
numbers because the rate OF pay for
women was less Than half that OF the
men doing the same work WOmen's
physiological disadvantages were gem
orally regarded right mp 70 The time Of
the war, as tremendous disparage-
ment cf thor indUSfTisi"-yalue
The war has changed all that. In
July. 1911. the number Of women en-
ployed on metals. machines, etc, was
i12 600; during The war 10 rose 10 Si9,-
600 The main reason why the change
is regarded as an industrial revolution
lies In the fact that women's pay for
This work has been more than lrebled,
and they work today on the same foot
ing as men. Hence it Is supposed That
women will remain in industry.
With the signing OF the armistice
and the return OF the men TO the work
shops It was thought that the policy OF
equal pay for equal work" would lead
Evening journal., 1919-07-11
Fashions Am TAns

1he stiffly starched nurses collars"
sre used ON the more simple frocks.
Flchus are made Of muslin, tule. and
ofgandie, and are heavily embroidered.
BLACK chantilly lace. black satin and
JET are a favoriie combination. for din
fIer gowns.
Evening journal., 1919-07-11

viii be filed in the next few days, said
Assistant County Attorney Roark.
Evening journal., 1919-07-11

planned TO a Chicago loop crowd twenty
deep around him.
After Ernest Olson went 10 work as
strike breaker his wife had him ar
rested for striking" Wife beating
carries a heavy fine In san Francisco.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1919-08-07

Vermillion Republican, When Miaa
Phyllis Neumayr returned from f1er
trip through Yellowstone Park she
brought with her a number of vie MS
of scenes that she had witnessed on
the trip. In speaking of them, it re.
minded her father that he, too. had
number of pictures that he had tax !.
en- when he made the trip through the
park just twenty-eight years ago. Mr..
Neumsyr and companion were the
first tourists to ever make the trip
through the park on bicycles, and the
park officials did not believe that it
could be done, but the two young men
insisted that they could do it, and
they started out, Neither of them
knew anything about operating cam
era, those old fashioned ones at that
time, if YOU please; but they knew
that a camera was necessary adjunct
of the trip and SO they equipped Them
selves with a machine. And when
they had finished the trip, they devel-
oped their own negatives and printed
their own pictures. The writer had
the pleasure Of looking over that
bunch of pictures the other evening.
and they are certainly some reminder
of that trip of twenty-eight years ago.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1919-08-07

From the Tripp Ledger.
Magdalena Woehl, who has been
visiting at the Mre. Fred Went7
home, returned Monday to her home
in Scotland.
Erna, the daughter of Mrs. Chris.
Reich, had very narrow escape from
being seriously burned the last of the
week. She was told by an older sis
ter to look after the fire and as she
found it quite low she poured in some
gasoline. with the result that her
right hand was badly burned and q
few burns on her left hand, with a
considerable portion of her left arm
severely burned. While able to be
up and around, she has been suffering
great deal.
Prof. Culp an instructor in the
State Normal at Springfield has been
secured to take charge of the TripE
schools the coming term. He drove
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1919-08-07

The profit sharing system adopted
six months ago by the Wiliys-O Over
land Company, of Toledo, Ohio. has
been temporarily suspended. Five
thousand of the men struck for short
er hours. forcing eight thousand 9TH
ers out Of employment, and this strike
caused a company loss which will
have to be made up before there will
be any more profits to divide. The
strikers have forfeited their right in
the profit-sharing, but those who re-
ma;ned On the JOB will continue to
share profits when there are any. The
profit sharing method is popular when
there are profits but the loss-sharing
is not so attractive.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1919-08-07

Colonel Wadswortb, member of
the board of managers of national
soldiers homes. has been at Hot
Springs. S. D., looking into the poss-
ability Of turning over the Battle
Mountain sanitarium to the war de-
partment to be used for the treatment
Of war veterans who have not been
discharged on account of physical dis
ability, which the government desires
to treat them for before discharging
them. Mr.. Wadsworth will recon-
mend the change, and if it il adopted
it is expected that about 1000 young
men will be sent there az soon as the
civil war veterans now in the home
can be removed to other homes.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1919-08-07

1. II. Parish, section foreman at
Edmond, gives the Argus-L Leader q
nut to crack on the wage system. He
says when he used to work in the har-
vest field at So. so q day he could buy
s bushels of potatoes for one days
work As potatoes are now quoted at
So per bushel he wants to know why
the laborer should not receive $50 u
day for his work. Mr.. Parish seems
to have some facts on his side of the
argument. but his proposed remedy is
faulty. Why doesn't t he cult the Sec
tion and 60 to raising potatoes? In
this country there is nothing to hinder
any man from choosing his own occu-
patton. and # he finds that other oc-
cupations are more profitable than his
own the sogical remedy is not to kick
the fellow that is making the money.
Hof is Il to ask the government to