davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

years to America and to the VAN
effort to win freedom for his people;
On January 20 of this year the Ohiteu
States recognized Poland as an
Independent state. by TINS ace
Poland achieves her place within the
society of nations, and the dream 70
which Kosciuszko devoted his Ire
comes true,
Democracy is not new to Poland
Her leaders, by reading the pages OIL
her own history can well understand
the benefits and the pitfalls to when
a self ruled commonwealth Is helr'
Strange as it must appear to modern
day statesmen, Poland today Is enter
ing upon an era which in its opening
phases of political interest Will not
be unlike that in which koscius1ho
flung himself. doomed to desperate
disappointment. but always coura-
geous flame battling against the
elements of three-headed autocracy'
The first partition of Polish terri
tory by her enemies occurred IN dltN'
Discouraged for the moment, KOS
ciuszko, leader of the young noerty-
loving Poles. sought fresh inspiratiol,
In the STRUGGLE Va tiiC ) SNN'o
of America a..
reform party gained such strength
that it assumed the leadership or the
Polish diet, and the, celebrated
fpur-year diet convened Win tnc
two parties facing each other: that OF
the old Poland of selfish nobility, sup
ported by Russia, and the young
party of the peasants and reforners.
Young Poland triumphed. Ana IN
their triumph they enacted laws
such as the world scarcely could
realize.
The new Poland accepted an income
tax of 10 per cent to meet the couh
try's expenses; the army was raised
to 100000 and the right of repre-
sentation was extended to the peoples
of ALI the country. At the conclusion
of four years of effort the diet pro-
mulgated the noblest act of Poland
statesmanship-the constitution OF
the Sd of May.
The striking characteristic of the
constitution of the 3D. of May was
that in 1t the privileged nobility, OF
its own accord, and in the name or
patriotism. limited It's own ascend :
ency, In contrast with the upheaval OF
the oppressed that won similar rights
during the French revolution ana
later in other countries.
1t may well be imagined with what
grace the great autocratic govern
ments received the news. The Polish
leaders knew that they were chal-
longing the old-world powers, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09
The Drummer and the Biggest Lie Told

or such other towns, and. finally,
some one asked;
Have you ever been to Lynchburg,
Va"
"CertaiuIY," every one present SAID.
That was just what was to b. eN-
pected. Even If a man ON a train is
taking only his first trip away from
home. he never admits that he has
not been to every city on the map.
foreign or domestic.
well, sir" said the man who asked
the question, that's the only place l
know of where, when YOU ask the way
to the hotel they ask you whether
you are afoot or ahorseback."
Hum" said several of thos, pres
ent, settling back in their seats.
And why do they ask thar in
CURED.
Because" the first speaker resumed,
THE main hotel In the town is so high
up on hill that if you are ahorse-
back or in a machine you have to go
a roundabout way to reach It. II y''u
save lot of travel.
y silence followed these remarks
until a Cincinnati drummer broke in.
IL know that is the truth, and, sur
thermore, that hotel is the scene OF
one of the greatest athletic events of
the country, every spring" he said.
TT Is the scene of the kitchen girls
dishwater casting contest"
"Har! Har: some one exploded
'How's that?"
ITS like this" the drummer re-
sumed. There is great rivalry among
the kitchen girls of that part of vir-
ginia as to who can throw her dish
water farthest away from the back
porch. And inasmuch as the back of
this hotel is on the edge of quite
a hill, naturally nature gives the
throwers the same advantage that u
base ball pitcher who stands on an
elevated piece OF ground has 1t gives
them purchase, so to speak. AS re-
suit of this situation, some very fine
dishwater casters have been developed
in that section of the country and n
few years ago, when rivalry became
very intense between them as to who
was entitled to the casting honors, a
sort of a field meet was organized.
Entrants came from many parts Of
the country. among them being girls
who had worked at the hotel years ago,
developed great casting ability and were
disinclned to believe that any new or
old girl could outcast them. Some of
the girls trained for weeks before the
contest and appeared at the meet with
their trainers and everything.
1T was quite a meet"
The drummer lapsed into silence. and
In one voice we demanded to know who
won.
katie Of Clarksburg." he said.
But what OF the detals!" we asked.
Were there any runners up? What OF
the contest generally"
J., OK had hgped," he said, that you
"a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

Hundred and of His Birth Sees Many
Changes Country Which Has Been Recognized lndbend
SPLENDID HELP the American Repo1u-
t;on;sts Is Written OF by Maj; Gen. w. M. Black
u. S. A-Work at West Point.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

would not go so deeply as that into this
question because there were certain dis
putes arose over technical details that l
did not want to have to explain. Since
you demand them, however. I suppose I
shall have to do my best for you.
THE contest waged throughout an en-
tire morning and part of the afternoon
even before the finals began. Then there
were left Just three entrants, Katie of
Clarksburg, Belle OF Alexandria and
Trieda OF Kelzomo. Katie cast a huge
pan of water 159 feet and never spilled
drop on her apron, wonderful feat;
Belle made cast of only 149 feet, and
the poor girl was broken hearted over
her reversal in form. Then Frieda came
forward and cast a pan of water a clear
l9l feet.
Immediately the supporters of Frieda,
who were in a reserved gallery on the
side of hill, set up a great shout for
her. They Were paralyzed a few min
utes later however, when 1t was an
nounced that Katie had protested the
cast. The judges went into executive
session to consider her protest, and hot
words passed between them. Finally.
however, the juror that was tying up
the proceedings recalled that he had
promised his wife that he would be
home at 6 o'clock, and as 1t was within
ten minutes of that time and he was far
from home he relented and voted with
the rest of the crowd"
Again the drummer lapsed into
silence, and once more we had TO prod
him for more details.
What was Katies complaint" we
insisted
He wiped away a tear, for. as he
later explained, he was a good friend
OF Frieda's and he hated to see her
lose. avs
''Frieda made the mistake of ehoos-
ing the wrong kind of water" he
sdlo. She chose ordinary rain
water. whereas Katie had the fore
sight TO cast only dirty dishwater.
Naturally she had the argument IN
present that the water she threw was
a great deal heavier than that which
the verdict" ''e e''
AS the drummer finished his tale
the sun slipped behind a cloud IT,
train seemed to move on 70 N ro,,at
piece OF track. The air became cooier
II seemed as If snow were about e.
fall. "'oot TO
LIARS VINO few minutes before tho
drummer began to talk had pjven
great promise appeared dazed NJ ~
magnihcence OF his ability as a liar
and they lapsed into silence. one ~
them, more determined than the rast
tried to tell yarn about his brother
who was great fisherman OUT In
Missouri, but his attempt fell aat
His story was greeted with silent
contempt, and then we all drifted out
to the diner for the dollar gorge.
t5,i .,e $40 THE OBSERVER !,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

suppose that is because man
lies best when he is comfortable, when
he has nothing else to do and feels the
need OF something to entertain himself
and his friends.
find that l tell my best lies when
I am wholly at ease, say when | am
smoking. Or when | am travelling on
q train l go pretty well. And ] have
noticed that other men are much the
same way Some of the best lying
that is done in this country is being
accomplished in the smoking compart-
ments of Pullman cars. Then the liars
always have lots of time and ease, and
the smooth journey. the panoramic
view of the country and verything
their lying natures or springs of eX-
aggeratiou going.
These few thoughts on lying, |
might add, are caused by an experience
| had, recently, in coming from Chi
cago to Washington on a Pullman car.
1t is twenty-four- hour run, you
know, and one cannot fill in all that
time with the magazines, so he has to
drift into the smoker and begin swap
ping lies.
X y
did not intend to do it. however,
when / got on the train. l have found
that of late, having ridden great
deal on trains. am lying a little too
much so / have been trying to break
myself of the habit. SO ] swore when
| boarded the train that / would stay
out of the smoking room. or the liars
den. Nevertheless, after a few hours
I had read all of the junk in the mag
azines, almost subscribed for mem
DRY training course and gone through
all the other experiences that come to
every man who reads one of our stand
ard magazines these days. and then
drifted into the smoker, In a minute
! was absolutely lost.
Upon the moment Of my arrival a
young fellow from western Missouri
had the floor and he was going pretty
good. He was telling some whoppers
about the moonshine liquor he had
seen made, and drunk, too. l guess
and lot of things liquory like that
/, being a prohibitionist. was rather
versation, but i listened carefully
watching for an opening and, after 0
time, 1t came.
The conversation drifted around tc
, the "'HaTe YOU eyey been, 70 GootpsT
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

pY MAJ. GEN. w. M. BLACK,
Chief Of Engineers. United States Army.
THADDEUS KosCIUszKo was
born In Lithuania i'm 1746, and
was educated In the Military
School of Warsaw. Under the
auspices of franklin he came to
America in 1915 and was appointed an
ktd on the staff of Washington. Bee
ing an artillerist and engineer by
education and training, he was soon
Afterward appointed by Congress as
an engineer with the rank of colonel
In the Continental army.
Later he became general of bril-
EAde and served throughout the
American revolutionary war. He
took part In the siege of New york.
was chief engineer under Gates In
the campaign against Burgoyne, and
Selected the position where the former
made his heroic and successful stand
against the invader He was then
placed in charge of the construction
IF the Notifications at West Point. on
the Hudson Later he served as chief
engineer under Greene in the south,
Along the Pedee, and especially In the
Siege Of Ninety-Six. and was, finaiiy'
with Washington again at the sur
fender of CORVALLIS ut yorktown.
At the close of the war In 1888. Kos
ciuszko received the thanks of Con-
kress and was appointed major gem
eral by brevet He was also admitted
to citizenship and to the Order or
Cincinnati. Returning to Poland the
following year, he became identified
with the Polish revolution. He rose
to the rank of major general under
Poniatowski, later became lieutenant
general. and, finally, COMMANDMENTS
Chief Of the revoiutionists. After con-
Quoting many brilliant campaigns.
against great odds. where his superior
engineering genius played an lmpor-
tant part, he was, finally. in 1894, cap
tured by the Russians and imprisoned
at st. Petersburg.
After liberation he again visited
the United States and received
grant of land from Congress. He re-
turned to Europe In 1898 on "a mission
from Congress to the French govern
mont and contributed much to a bet
ter understanding between the two
Countries.
Kosciuszko died in Switzerland in
1917 and was buried in Warsaw with
the highest honors. He was the au-
thor OF "Maneuvers for the Horse Ar
tiilery" and a description of the cam
palgn Of 1892 (Poland).'
One of the foremost engineers of
the American revolution, Kosciuszko
Is best known and remembered for
his construction of the fortldcations
of West Point. After West Point had
been 30 easily captured by the British
in the early part of the war, its i'm
portance as the key to the water
route to Canada was appreciated.
Qualifications were begun under the
direction of n French engineer, Col.
Radiere who was soon forced to give
up his project. Kosciuszko was then
placed in charge and later had as an
assistant an American engineer, Col.
Putnam, who had been with him dur
ing the campaign against Burgoyne,~
and after whom the largest fortress
was named
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

common consent to bear the title
Father of American Artillery
One hundred and forty-two years
later American artillery was in action
on the fields of Europe in the holy
cause of freeing the oppressed races.
They upheld the traditions implanted
by Kosciuszko, who had given his best
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

Under KosciuSZko operations were
resumed and pushed with great vigor
Report was made soon afterWard TO
the president of the board of war that
the works were in great state of
forwardness," that Kosciuszko was
much esteemed as an able engineer
and had made many alterations in the
project Of Radiere, which were uni
Versally approved. In September
Washington, then on n tour OF In
spection, reported that kosciusZko had
made such progress win ms lorts
and batteries. and he had found such
favorable testimony of his abilities
as to prevent any uneaSineSS on this
head Finally West Point was cover
ed by fortresses with numerous re-
doubts so connected as to form one
system of defense, which was believed
to be impFegnable and which was not
seriously menaced during the re-
mainder of the war,
Washington wrote that KoSciusZko
was esteemed by those who had at
tended the works at West Point to
have had more practice than Radiere,
and that his manner of treating the
people was more acceptable. which
induced the commandant, Gen. Parons.
and Gov. Clinton to desire that he
be retained at West Point. His serv-
ices however, were in immediate de-
One of 'Kosciuszko's STAFF officers at
West Point thus reports concerning
his personality:
at quartered a considerable time
with him in the same log cabin, and
soon discovered in him an elevation
of mind which gave promise of high
achievements to which he attained.
His manners were soft and concili-
ating, and at the same time elevated.
/ used to take much pleasure in ac-
companying him with his theodolite.
He was very ready in mathema tics. "
Col Thacher wrote of having had
the pleasure of meeting him at West
Point. and described him as a Polish
gentleman Of great distinction. He
mentions seeing the garden kosciuszko
had constructed along the cliffs dur
ing his leisure, with Its spring. foun-
tain, cascades, etc,
Fragments Of Kosciuszko's works
still remain at West Point, and the
smaller works have been partially
restored. On the northeast angle Of
Fort Clinton parapet stands a mon
ument erected in his honor in 1928 by
the corps of cadets. In 1913 the shaft
was surmounted by a bronze statue
of the patriot. Just north of Cullum
Memorial Hall a flight of stone steps
leads down to q shelving plateau
overhung with foliage. still known as
"Kosciuszko's garden" said by tradi-
ton to have been his favorite haunt
and now much frequented by the ca
diets. He has thus left his name CHS.
eled in the rocks along the Hudson
his memory impressed upon the mind
and heart of every cadet, and will
forever hold his place in the Yves,
Point tradition.
FEBRUARY Il. 1919, the 174th an,
niversary Of the birth of Thaddeus
Kosciuszko. brings to the world again
ttartlings evidence OF shaktspearet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

Amy days, such AS we have had
in the last week or so, make
men lie something terrible, /
suppose that is because a man
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-09

FEBRUARY Il. 1919, the 174th an
4 niversary Of the birth of Thaddeus
Kosciuszko. brings to the world again
ttartlingv evidence Of Shskesbeare's
4 =. I. a =
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
MAN INSULTS
''''" "''I C(OIlORED GIRL
Fails to Show Up in Court, Forfeits
Cash Bail

Pittsburgh, Pa, Aug. ia Pitts
burgh street car was the scene of an in
suit given to two young East End Ia
dies, one evening last week, while on
their way home from church. The white
man Offering the insult is reported to
be an employee of the county, but he
gave bogus name at the police station
and forfeited his money by failing tol
appear at the hearing the morning fol
lowing the insult. He gave his name as
Cooper and his address as a number on
a prominent street in the East End, but
upon investigation, both name and the
address proved TO be false.
The young ladies were going home on
the car, when the white man rudely in
suited one of them by placing his hand
ON her person and making ugly remarks.
Some young colored men were ON the
car, and they came TO the assistance of
the girls. When the ear stopped for the
while man to aiight, he cursed and swOre
at the colored men who followed him
off. Nothing happened in the streets
until policeman was attracted by the
loud talking of all the parties, and the
white man was placed under arrest. The
girls, who had gotten off at the next
stop, were consulted by the officer, and
he took them as witnesses against the
white man. The girls reported the con
duet of the man, and he, evidently see
ing his mistake and realizing the Sc
robustness of his offense, put up $50 for
his appearance the next morning, Civ
ing a false name and address, and dis
appeared.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
How Food Was Disuib-
uted to Sufferers Dur.
ing Riots

A Whip reporter who interviewed
Virgil l.. Williams concerning the re.
cent distribution of food 20 needy fam.
lies, found that Mr.. Williams had
started q relief station of his own even
before the Red Cross sent out help.
The money that was unsefshly spen. by
this philan.hropis. reached into the
neishbodhood of three figures.
AS soon as the Red Gross opened re
lief station, Mr.. Williams was the first
20 volunteer his services and limousine
to the cause. Being a man of executive
ability, he was given full charge of dis
tribu'ion in the main station on State
Street, ably assisted by Alderman r. r.
Jackson and l.. b. Anderson. Mr.. vii.
liams deserves the major credit for this
work.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
The "White Mans Country"
Miss Elizabeth Hart Prima
THE WHITE MANS" COUNTRY.

THE "wHITE MANS" COUNTRY.
To the Editor of The World:
Concerning some of the recent riotings
of whites and blacks, and including the
recent World editorial which has
brought such ELUSIVE thanks from black
contributors, it occurs to me that some
thing yet remains to be said in earnest
warning.
1 am old enough to recall some of
those admirable black "mammies' and
"unclesn of the seventies who in the
Middle West remained close to the old
homes of former masters and who years
after their constitutional freedom were
privileged autocrats over the white chill
dren of those homes. From the edict of
one of those old mammies there was no
appeal to father or to mother. Her
"You all behave 20 Sc ~ was final,
even to warm and warming black palm
properly applied. But with the Booker
r. Washingtonisms preached TO the
blacks, conditions have changed.
The Negro in the United States must
be convinced that this will continue TO
be a white mans country. Anything
which leads him aggressively into think
ing otherwise will mean his undoing.
In individual measure l have known
many black men whose lives would
shame the records of hundreds of the so
called "lily whites" But those have
been exceptional blacks, subconsciously
tutored by whites and by these whites
shown fullest measure of respect as
between man and man.
Broadly and in the color sense, how
ever, there are blacks and blacks. \
number of years ago, talking with an
old citizen of the old South in Savan-
nah, this student of the Negro told me
That he could round up 100 black men
from Savannah streets and find dozen
distinct types Of Negro, ranging from
the highest type Zulu down 70 the low
est representative whose ancestors a
few hundred years ago were cannibals.
Will the black man dare assert that he
has been as careful ON this point, as il
involves natural selections, Time was
when the slave markets Of the Western
Southern States quoted the Negro of the
old South many points off in contrast
with their own predominant Zulu types
of slaves.
Brought up as ! was with the old-type
"free niger of Missouri and out of
experience with the decent black man
calling myself his friend, l feel that The
World IS editorial, which has called for
so much of the black man IS ringing en-
thusiasm and praise, may harm the Ne
gro's condition.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
WASHINGTON To APPOINT
COLORED POl|CEWOMEN
Chief Says They Are Needed

Washington, d. c., Aug. 15.-In con
nection with the proposed appointment
of colored women TO the woman's bureau
Of the police department, Commissioner
Brownlow explained that the purpose is
to have such operatives work exclu-
sively among colored girls and women.
There never has been any thought but
TO confine their activities strictly TO this
character of work, he said.
Reports have been circulated 10 the
effect that the colored police women
would discharge general police duties.
The commissioner pointed out that the
only conditions under which a police
woman would be expected TO arrest a
man would be those suggesting that a
crime was about 20 be committed, and
under such conditions it is equally the
duty of any private citizen 10 make an
arrest.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
Search and Seizure Case
Dismissed

Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. H. Woodson, 2s07
Dearborn street, was arraigned before
Judge Stewart of the Harrison Street
Court on charge of having stolen goods
in their possession, the goods in ques-
tion being six quarts and twenty-five
half -pin's of whiskey, which the police
claimed TO have been stolen from the
Douglas Liquor House.
The police receiving information that
there was whiskey on Woodson's prop
erty, entered and searched every nook
and corner until they came across what
they desired.
The Woodsons, who were represented
by Attorney Alber. b. George, colored
attorney, proved that the liquor had
been purchased before July I. Attor-
ney George laid down a barrage of legal
points, ripping The search and seizure
act to shreds, causing the Judge TO dis
miss the case The Judge cautioned the
police to use more Judgment in the
future.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15
SOUTH HOLLAND BANK ROBBED
BY FOUR WHITES AND
ONE COLORED.

Four white men and one colored man
forced the president of the South Hol.
land Bank 10 open the vault, and took
all the money and bonds in sight, which
amounted to *3,400 in cash and 1880
in Liberty bonds.
The robbers drove to the bank in a
car. One remained at the wheel, with
the engine running, while the others
rushed in the bank with drawn revolvers
and forced the president, bookkeeper
and scrub woman into compartment
set off with iron gratings. After clean
ing up the place they drove away in the
direction of Chicago.
The Chicago whip. (Chicago, Ill.) 1919-19??, 1919-08-15

Professor Garner and other naturalists
have advanced the idea that gorillas
could he used as servants. John Back
hans, the famous African hunter, claims
that this could never be so, for the giant
apes are too soft hearted and that they
would soon pine away and die of broken
hearts if transplanted from native
haunts.