davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
A Woman Points the Way

Save while the money is warm" is the motto of woman who has estab. lished reputation both for herself and her family by the number of War Say ings Stamps she bought without appar. ently stinting in the least. Here is her system;
 "The only way to save is to save. When l have actually saved a quarter I put 1t into thrift stamp without de. lay If l save that quarter on one thing and then spend 1t carelessly for something else, have not saved any real money
 For example the other day I went down town expecting to pay $l0 for a pair of special shoes. To my surprise, found there was a sale that day, and got the very pair of shoes wanted for $7.T5. had saved $225. But how to keep 1t saved. I knew that if l simply regarded it mentally as saving, before the end of the month 1t would be spent miscellaneously. went right down stairs in the store and bought nine thrift stamps and stuck those quarters in the thrift card where they could not get away before the end of the month. do the same thing when have saved single quarter or half dollar, and I am seriously thinking of getting little penny bank to hold saved pennies or dimes until they grow to thrift stamp size. What is more, I am getting whole lot of fun out of this most fas. cinating game, the game of Getting Ahead"
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

A party of tourists doing Arizona with the assistance of the Goodrich tour books stopped at the "Hole in the Rock" and this is the story told them by one of the old-timers:
 With relentless brilliance the sun streamed out of cloudless sky. A prospector, rife in hand, stalked across the cactus-dotted desert. Eyes and ears alert, he scanned the shim- mering horizon until his gaze rested on a great rock. He paused and lis- tened intently,
 Again came the unmistakable call of wild turkey. The desert man ad- vanced cautiously. He was certain the cry had come from the direction of the great mound.
 Suddenly, he threw up his hands and pitched forward as the report of rife echoed faintly from. the rock. No person witnessed this tragedy of the desert, and in time, the drifting
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
ColOred Troops Abused.


 Representative J. G. Tilson, of Con- necticutt, last year dubbed "Jigs" be- cause he knows more about the tech nique of ammunition than any man in congress, and has persistently protest ed against the use of soldier labor on work which should have been done by civilians has received this humble protest from a colored constituent at Camp Lee, Va.
 "Sir we Poor Colored People want ot go home Soone as evy one else. Ev- cry unit in this camp is Going home bot us. What few that are Going home have to have an alfot davit which cose them from $10 to $15. We did not have that to get here. 9 out of every 10 has had jobs ofer. But we cant go. We have Jobs on the farm and you know we ort to be at home. Some of our Companys are working along side sivilens, making
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
THRIFT MEANS

1. PIannins-taking into considera tion the needs of yourself, your family and your country, not only for the pres ent but also for the future.
 2. Spending wisely to meet impor tant present needs-getting the most for your money today and having some thing left for the morrow.
 3. Investing the savines-the par which the unthrifty spend to satisfy trifling or unimportant wants-so that you may greet with happy countenance all important future needs and opportu mites that knock at your door.
 War Savings Stamps hold your mon ey for opportunity's call
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
through
 the holey
the hole-in-the-rock


White Garage, Local Goodrich Deale desert sand built a tomb about the victims body.
 Legend has it that numerous sim liar tragedies occurred near the Hole in the Rock" White men were wiped out singly and in patches, and it was long before the mystery of the Hole in the Rock" was solved
 Before the Indians and the white pioneers buried the hatchet, the red men secreted themselves inside the shell-shaped hole in wait for casual parties of settlers and lone prospect ors. Knowing tha' the white men were always on the alert for fowl and game, the aborigines initiated the call of the wild turkey, and when the frontiersmen came within range, the Indians picked them off.
 The Hole in the Rock" is located some distance from Phoenix and is one of the freak landmarks of that section. About fifty feet from the
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
Ne,os of Soldiers and Sailors

$3.20 and we make $1 and they laff at us. Dear sir all of us want to go home. We have done evy thing we cood so pleis open yoo hart and let us Go home. We can't get work at all times, they take us and hide us so No body wont give them away. Don't let the war department have this note they will send it back here to in- vestigate hand write and yoo know what this means to the one what they lay it on. Of cose yoo know 1 can't mention my name. Do yoo know what will happen hope yoo will take action at once"
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

through Major General Peyton C. March, and countersigned by Adjutant General P. c. Harris. Here it is all in print for the benefit of the uniniti- ated ...
 Spurs will always be worn with field boots by officers when on dis mounted duty, with the following ex- captions:
 "Aviators will not wear spurs wher flying"
 Any fool in an army which at max imum amounted to 3,700,00O men, and there were very few fools among them, would know that the old horse spur would be rather useless to the member of the aviation corps soaring about in the blue.
 But no, this common sensible view is not enough. The Secretary of War, Mir. Baker, and the chief of staff, MT. March, must issue an especially printed order, so that every soldier may read it, to the effect that horse spurs shall not be used when flying, They must convince members of the house and senate committees that they would place the endless bands of regu- lar army red tape around everything.
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

range of the rocket is limited only by the amount of propelling cartridges it could be fitted to carry.
 The rocket does not require can- non to start it on it's flight, the jour- ney beginning from any point where a man can get. The weapon feature of the rocket is in the head where a chamber is fitted to contain either a high explosive or gas. Men who have followed the development of Dr. God dard's rocket claim it can be made as efficient in naval warfare as in bat ties on land.
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

country to fulfill its pledge to those who have been spared as we'll as those who have made the supreme sacrifice
 We have at the present time about two million men in Europe who must be provided with all that is necessary to keep them in good spirits and con. dition and when their work shall have been finished, they must be brought home and demobilized. The Govern. ment must make good the contracts 1t has entered into for the construction of all war munitions. and for food sup. plies already bought.
 Having responded to the Govern ment's calls in the past, and having loaned our money ungrudgingly to hurry forward the men and supplies, and victory having come to us because of this, shall we hesitate for a moment to respond to the last call-the Victory Liberty Loan-when we can do so by pledging our credit. perhaps with some little personal inconvenience, sacrifice or small discomfort?
 The credit and good faith of our country is at stake. We have won the war, and the cost is small compared with what has been won. The men of the West with red blood in their veins v'ill not need to be appealed to, because they will subscribe to this last call of the Government as ungrudgingly as they did in the past. There are others, however. who may not be so keerily and conscientiously alive to the duty of re- spending to the Nations call, and it is to those that the women must direct their most untiring efforts.
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
MRS. BALDWIN
 URGES WOMEN
 TO AID LOAN
By MRS. A. 8. BALDWIN, Chairman Woman's Liberty Loan Com. mittee of Twelfth Fedora
 Reaerye District

This last call is truly Victory Loan. What greater pride can men and wo- men experience than in contributing to it? A Victory Bond will be worth more than its price expressed in dol lars. Every one will be badge testi flying that the holder has helped his
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
No Spurs for Flying.

No Spurs for Flying.
 Absurdities of some of the army regulations issued by the war depart ment have again been brought to the attention of members of congress by a very special and dignified pamphlet sent out by the Secretary of War
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

War Savings Stamps bought with to days savings provide for the rainy to. morrow
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

War Savings Stamps beget thrift Thrift begets success.
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
New U. S. Rocket Kills at 200 Miles

New U. s. Rocket Kills at 200 Miles
 Dr. Robert H. Goddard, president of physics at Clark College, acting under the patronage of the war department, the Smithsonian Institute, Clark Uni versity and Worcester Polytechnic In- stitute, has invented a new. rocket that is reported to be a terrible en- zine of war, with an altitude range of 70 miles straight up into the air and distance range of at least 200 miles.
 The rocket, in the opinion of the sci entists who have investigated its workings, is the most efficient rocket ever developed. It is claimed the best known rocket in use today has an efficiency of less than three per cent, while the Goddard rocket has an eff ciency of 63 per cent.
 The rocket has been developed in a special laboratory at Worcester Tech and the signing of the armistice pre- vented it's being put into actual use against the Germans, as all the local tests had been completed. These tests made by models, showed that rocket weighing 30 pounds, equipped with the Goddard system of propulsion could be sent into the air far above the earth's atmosphere.
 The Goddard rocket is propelled by a perfect gas engine installed in the lower part of the shell, the explosions that generate the power coming from cartridges that are fed into the cham Der by clock-like time device. The
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04
The War at Home.

"Why do they call orders they serve war portions 2"
 Because they give a man only fighting chance of getting meal"
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

Few things are more pathetic and less lasting than the grief of young widow.
The Coconino sun., 1919-04-04

Jobs lot was a hard one, but what do you think of Lots wife's lot?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
DARDANELLES OPENED
AGAIN TO COMMERCE
Step Not to Weaken Blockade, But
Opens Near East Regions
for Relief.

For the first time since the out
break of the war. the DardaneIIes
have been opened for commerce, and
trading between America and the
Turkish empire and Bulgaria per-
mitted.
Announcement has been made by
the War Trade Board that the SUI
preme economic council in Paris had
authorized resumption by the United
States of trade with those countries,
and had opened also to American
trade all ports of the Black sea.
The boards announcement made
clear that in those regions which
have been under enemy domination
turkey ana uigarfa-arrangemen
would be made by the associated gov
ernments to insure that this resump-
ton of trade would not lessen the eff
fectiyeness of the present blockade
of the central powers.
The action marks the most extern
sive opening of the territory to trade
since the signing of the armistice.
and was taken in accordance with the
desire of the board to open increased
fields for our commerce, with the
purpose of restoring trade to condi-
tons more nearly approaching nor
NAL.
With the opening of the Darda-
nelles and the Black sea, Rumania
becomes accessible to commerce, and
relief measures for Armenia and all
of south Russia will be facilitated
America never declared war against
pointed out that this fact made posi-
BILE the supreme economic councils
action without awaiting the framins,
of the treaty of peace.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Bringing Man to Trial.

The procedure of bringing a man to
trial is this. If JohI Smith refuses to
peel onions while detailed to kitchen
duty, charges are preferred in written
form to the depot commander by the
officer whose orders are disregarded.
Private Smith is placed under arrest
and the charges are served on him.
Military law says that no man shall
be confined for more than seven days
W ithout service of charges. He must
be brought to trial within forty days
Preliminary to a trial an officer is
detailed to investigate the accusa-
tioLs. He interviews the accused and
al the witnesses in the case. He then
sends L synopsis of expected testi-
inony' to the commanding general,
together with his opinion as to
whether or not the charges can be
sustained. If he thinks they can, the
camp judge advocate or the division
judge advocate. as the case may be,
prepares q list of officers to serve as
a court-martial The general issues
the necessary detailing order.
The synopsis of expected testi-
mony' is not brought before the court.
nor is any member thereof permitted
to see il.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
ALLEGED SEVERITY IN CAMPS
FROM MILITARY VIEWPOINT
Sentences Indeterminate and Give Prisoner
Chance to Reform-Work Well to Re-
strain Slackers, 1t Is Claimed
Why Long-Term Sentence.

elusive prerogative of the reviewin
authorities.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Record Withheld atrial.

Having heard the s|orn testimony
in case. the court proceeds TO deter
mine its finding. Up to this time 1t is
not permissible to introduce a mans
nounced guilty, however, such records
may be introduced to be considered
in arriving at the sentence to be i'm
posed.
Military authorities do not deny that
terms of confinement have been
heavy They justify them with this
xplanation:
1t is not within the province Of the
court-martial to exercise clemency. It
is the courts business to determine
merely whether or not q man 10 gull
duty to impose a penalty commensn.
rate with the seriousness OF the case.
The exercise of clemency is the ex-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Really a Recommendation.

AS check on the abuse of this the
DRY the military point to their review
ing authorities. The sentence of the
court-martial is in reality but a rec
onmendation which must be approved
by the camp or division judge advo-
cate and the commanding general be-
fore it can become effective. At
Camp Meade the officers functioning
IN this capacity are, in addition to
Mai, Gen. Carter, Maj. Louis T. Korn,
division judge advocate. and Capt. f.
L. Van Roden. camp judge advocate.
After being reviewed locally,
charges, testimony, findings and SEN
tence are forwarded to Washington,
where, in the Office of the Judge ad-
vocate general, they are again re-
viewed. If, after this scrutiny, some
doubt arises, the documents are sent
to the special reviewing board, which
is the final authority.
TWO things are to be noted in the
findings of the courts-martial at
Meade-one favorable, the other I'M
favorable. The favora BILE thing is the
tendency of the reviewing authori-
ties to see that sentences are reduced
and that undue severity is not placed
upon the men--at least what the mill
tary authorities consider undue Sc
verify. These reviewing authorities
more than once have insisted that
some of the findings in some fragrant
cases have not been severe enough.
In this respect they have ruled
against officers as well as enlisted
men.
The other fact is that the very
action of the reviewing authorities in
overruling so many sentences shows
that the courts have been too severe.
The courts do not mean to be unjust.
They have the strictly military view
point They think mostly of giving
sentences that will make the soldiers
think long time before committing
similar offenses
There should be reform in mill
tary courts in the matter of pub
licity. Every man should have a
right to a public trial-something
that is denied him under military
law. At Meade there was an open
ness about giving newspaper men
facts in all court-martia1 cases that
removed much of the complaint
against secret courts.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
321,7S5 UNEMPLOYED.
Increase Of 80, 94 Over Week End
ed February4.

The weekly statement of the United
States employment service regarding
employment conditions throughout the
nation is accorded special interest in
government circles by reason of the
conference called on the employment
situation for early in March, in which
state and city executives win meet with
the President and officials of the De-
partment Of Labor to confer on unem-
pIoyment.
The situation as reported Saturday
continues to show heavy SURPRISES Of
labor, particularly in large manufsc-
turing centers in the middle west. Re
ports received by telegraph at the Of
flee of the service give the grand total
of unemployed in the country as 321 ,7S5.
an increase over the week of Feb,
ruary of 30,954.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17

way LoAS i Ci LII ScutGhSS.
The next question that arises is,
Why do military courts think "re-
fusal to carry coal" for instance.
calls for fftaec-year term at labor?
This is the answer:
Men are not brought before a gem
eral courtnartiai at all unless they
are looked unon as impossible from a
disciplinary point of view. The OBJ
jact n bring 'ug him there is to have
him dismissed from the Army, and
this court. as previously stated. is the
only tribunal that can impose dishon-
orabie discharge.
Why, them the long terms in con-
flnement? Answer:
To OBSCURE ge those who would de-
lberateiy commit offenses in order to
secure release and thus escape over
seas service. The purpose of the
court is not so much 20 punish an Of
fender as 10 make an example of him.
II the terms of conf neB1ent were brief
the Stacker would still prefer a safe
place in a military barracks to ex-
posture to bullets. Only Imprisonment
Tor period of excess of the possible
duration of the war would accom-
plish the desired results.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Three Grades of Court.

Let US take a look at the mechanics
of military justice. There are three
grades of courts martial, each limited
to the trial Of offenses of varying de-
grees of seriousness. The lowest court
is known as a summary court-mar-
tial. 1t is comprised of one officer
who has authority to try priv
ates only, or on-commissioned offi-
GERS if they give their consent he
cannot impose a sentence OF more
than three months in confinement,
with loss of pay for similar period
The next higher court is the special
court-martial, which deals with OF
lenses conviction for which would
call for sentence of not less tnan
three nor more than six months, with
a loss of pay for corresponding
period. 1t is composed of FIVE mem
bers, all officers, and one judge advo-
cate. 1t can be appointed by the
comma nding ofiicer Of any separate
military unit. =.
The general court-martial Is the
highest trial body, and is the one
with which these articles have been
dealing. In time of war it can pro-
nounce sentence up to life imprison-
ment. or even death, and is the only
one of the three courts that can
order a dishonorab1e discharge from
the Army. It must be composed OF
not less than FIVE, nor more tnan
thirteen officers, one of whom SHAH
be designated president of the court
The members of the court are de-
tailed to this duty by the command
ing general Service is compulsory.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Judge Advocates Unique Position.

The unique feature of a general
court-martial is the status OF the
Judge advocate He is the military
LAWYER. but, unlike a states attorney,
he is required by military law to pro-
tect both the accused and the state:
1t Is his duty to exclude all tesu-
mony infringing Upon the rights OF
the alleged offender. He is not. ac-
cording to the theory of this practice,
supposed TO prove guilty, but to see
that all favorable and unfayorable
facts are brought out This does not
DEPRIVE the accused of the privilege
of personal counsel. He has but to
name an officer or enlisted man whom
he would have act as his counsel. TO
have that man detailed to so act. Ii
he prefers, he can secure a CIVILIAN
attorney
So much for the organization. For
il much is claimed by military of1l-
GERS. 1t must be remembered, now
ever. that the prisoners facing such
q court stand in an entirely different
relation to ii from that of the CIVIL
ian on trial before a judge and jury.
In the latter case we have man on
trial before individuals of his class In
a political sense. They are his peers
The Judge is his protection against
the infringement of his rights. In the
military court an offender must lay
his case before men who are his SUI
periors in rank. They are officers. and
as officers have the viewpoint or the
man in authority. There is no SUCH
thing as a private being tried by his
peers. Under military law he has no
peers save other priyates. and he can.
not be tried by court made up OF
men of this rank.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17

THE following is the last of
series of three articles teiiing OF the
operations of the courts martial sys-
tenn at Camp Meade.)
The chief answer the military au-
thorities make to the charges that
they have exercised undue severity
in handling oftenses against military
law is that the sentences imposed
are to all intents and purposes indie
terminate.
In explanation of this it is stated
that confinement in every case is not
in a penitentiary, DIt in discl-
primary barracks. where prisoners are
dealt with as military units and not
rs criminals. They are given mill
iary training with the same thor
camps. and if they demonstrate a
disposition to make themselves sub
jective 70 discipline they may not be
required TO serve the full term OF
their sentence. no matter what ii
may he. Under these circumstances
a man is returned to the camp from
which ne originally came or to some
other military establishment with an
other opportunity to make good.
Takes Out Some of Teeth.
This statement undoubtedly takes
some of the teeth out of the long
term sentences which have been inl-
posed at military camps by courts
martial In effect the execution OF
the penalty is in each instance up
to the convicted. If he sees the error
of his ways and shows a real desire
to rectify them, he has the prospect
of a mitigated sentence. If he is
otherwise minded he has little to hope
for. Whether or not this fact should
relieve the military authorities of
the necessity of passing sentences
more nearly balancing the offenses
committed is a question The spirit
of a man is a sensitive element OF
his nature. Once broken on the rack
of Injustice, real or fancied, it may
not respond to an opportunity to try
again.
There is no admission on the part
of the military, however. that either
their theory or execution of justice is
faulty On the contrary, they main
tain that the rights of the accused
before a court martial are more jeal-
ously guarded, and the sentence of
such courts more carefully reviewed
than is the case in civil tribunals In
substantiation of these claims they
point to the fact that their rules OF
evidence place all the burden OF proof
upon the prosecution, protect the ac-
cused from any reference to his char
acter or previous record, and give
him every privilege in the matter OF
legal advice.