davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1919-12-25
FIND LONG, BURIED NIAGARA
Canadian Engineers Unearth Site Of
Falls Once as Great az Those
Of the Present.

A dead and buried Niagara, its thun-
ders stflled for countless ages, once
perhaps as great in height and vol
m of water as the present falls, has
been unearthed by excavations made
in the course of the new Welland ship
canal near Thorold in southern
| Ontario.
No memories Of this lost Niagara
linger ever in aboriginal tradition.
When 1t existed or when 1t ceased to
exist a not ave been conjectured.
1t may have been laundering in pri-
meval solitudes before the age of man
The mastodon and the ~pterodactyl
may have pastured upon its brink.
Giant@w.nged lizards may have sailed
above its clouds Of rainbow vapors.
The engineers who partly uncovered
1t believe 1t was the original Niagara
marking the course of a paleollthic
river that connected Lake Erie and
Lake Ontario. Some mighty prehis-
toric cataclysm, 1t is supposed, d.
verted the course of the stream and
buried the falls and the old river bed
level with the surrounding country.
ana . u coS oNay 40 -
land" said one of the canal engineers.
at is the bread basket of the empire.
Its greatest development In h next
few years will come from the settlers
swarming in to make homes on Its
vast uncultivated areas. But If this
ancient source of water power had re-
NAMED in existence and wholly on
| Canadian soil, 1t might have advanced
the clock of Canada's industrial des-
tiny a century or so. Canada then
would not have to share its wealth.
producing energy with the United
States and the nation might be today
M of the great manufacturing CEN
tiers of the world, which the develop
ment of its other wonderful water
power eventually will make
it."
The edge of the cataract so far I'M
covered begins at the eastern abut-
ment of the Niagara, st. GATHERINGS
and Toronto railways new bridge
near Thorold and extends in a south
westerly direction for 400 feet. The
ledge continues under the earth for an
unknown distance beyond the point at
which the excavation ends.
What is supposed to have been the
first fall is in the form of steps, with
a total drop of % feet. Below 1t the
excavation has revealed a precipice,
but to what depth this wall of perpen-
dicular rock sinks into the earth has
not yet been determined. This ledge
is believed to mark the main plunge
of the ancient cataract.
The eastern abutment of the rail
way bridge has been built on the edge
of the steps down which the old river
once shot In foaming cascades. The
central abutment, rs feet away, went
to a depth of 10 feet before striking.
rock. This rock sloped at a sharp an
gle and evidently had been worn
smooth by the rush of torrents through
unnumbered years.
The grave of this buried Niagara is
half a mile from the ~escarpment of
the present Canadian falls. A deep.
c%anyonllke valley, through which the
ship canal passes where Eight-Mlle
creek once meandered on its way to
Lake Ontario, is believed to have been
the bed of the prehistoric river which
furnished the waters of the giant falls
their outlet to the sea.
, 1919-12-25

Whether or not the Germans are
taking advantage of the unpleasant
treaty situation. they certainly are
haggling a lot over the signing of the
, 1919-12-25
sILAGE is EXCELLENT FEED
Particularly Adapted to Dairy Animals
and Should Be Combined With
Some Legume.

While silage is excellent feed for
dairy stock, it should be combined
with some leguminous feed, such as
clover, cowpeas. or alfalfa, owing to
its insufficient productive qualities.
The leguminous material will correct
the deficiencies of the silage in dry
matter, protein and mineral constitu-
ents.
, 1919-12-25

Ever since he assumed the office
Of attorney general. Mr.. Palmer has
been at work on a plan to curl the
fast growing interests of the big pack
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
President to Be On
Hand at Opening
Of New Congress,
But Again Goes Is
Paris Shortly AZ
forwards to Pro-
coed With Peace
Deliberations.
League Of Nations Becomes
Basic Idea Of Entire Confer
ence with President Wilson's
Principles A by
France and Great Britain.
FhESiDENT LEAVES ron
United STATES FEBRUARY IL

=. 4aFtss Dan. 80 (wiA British wire.
iesal.--President Wilson viii leave
france on February Is and return
TO America In order to be present
at the closing Of congress on March
T. II was learned from an authori-
tatiVe source tonight
president Wilson will star in the
United states q few days only.
after which he will return to
France. His absence from Paris
VIII not exceed three weeks.
During the absence of the prasi.
cent Premier Lioyd-Georgs and
Premier Orlando will doubtless 20
to England and Italy respectively.
where their duties as heads OF those
governments claim them.
Tho work OF tho conferences VIII
continue during the absence OF the
three leaders. Most OF the commit.
tees have now been appointed aud
are ready to commence examina-
ton Of the various problems a..
signed for their consideration.
Paris. Jan. s0.--The United States
battieship New Mexico is anchored
OFT Ereat- waiting to ccnYoy Presj-
dent Wilson home. according to ad-
vices received tonight. .
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
hundred More Men Renew Their Cow
enants, and the Eccentric Evangelist
Tells Them Jokes as He Crasps Their
Hands to welcome Them Over to the
Side of the Man of Sorrow.

Sin in all its manifold form brought before the Inqus
lon last night when Billy Sunday spoke TO five thousand Rich
ond men BE Sure Your Sins viii Find You Out" His
dress free from OF his drastic mannersms but he
{anded them of bare facts in straight from the
BOULDER talk in which he did pause moment for
bur. At its finish hundred added their to
bose who have before down the sawust trail to Cod
This speech free of the spectacular Sunday did NOT
limb upon the pulpit did he lie down the floor call
the devil up and fight but he proceeded in his
Emarks the deat silence of his audience and the rapt at
non in which he held that huge body of Richmond business
[en religious professional and wageearne spoke
the effect his words having Now and again the house
oke out in applause to signify that the devil had lost another
lore.
II don't why have to my life asking men to be
rstians he exclaimed, he shot up his hands above his
bad and charged the platform his characteristic
tanner 1T to would be proud to stand beside
Christ proud to be good proud to have the blood of the
lpn of God coursnc through your veins
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Slight Losses In
Russian Fights
American Casualties In Arch
angel Region Officially Re-
ported as Slight.

london, Jan. 20.--The following Of
fetal statement on the heavy fighting
between allied. including Am erica n
forces, and the Bolsheviks in the
Russian Archangel region was issued
by the war office today:
Further details of the Archangel
hghtiu- between Angio-American and
Russian forces and Bolsheviks about
Shenkursk have been received
Tho Bolsheviks bombardment
opened January 10 on our position 90
miles south Of Archangel and this was
followed m hour later by an infan-
try attack Of t2an men against our
outpost lines which withdrew 10 the
main positions which repulsed the at
tack. Gas, hundred and tifts casual
ties were inflicted on the Rolsheviks.
The same day 900 men attacked
our lines at Ternier. eighteen miles
west OF Shenliursk and forced the
Ccssa cks to withdraw four miles down
the river Both attacks were by ST.
perior RUNNERS
''Fichting aud heavy Smelling con-
tinued day and night and on the TWEEN
fY-thirtt the allies withdrew to "a COW
ering POSITION
In the face ~ threatened sur
rounding and continuous pressure. the
city was evacuated and on the twenty
Hf'h with $50 refugees and sick and
wounded with the loss of one gun and
Some stores
@s- On the nrcrrfrg fy-'$frr twenty
nth an attack against the position at
Tarasnvo on the Archargcl- FoIogda
railroad was repuIsed
During the ensuing week there was
constant artillery against the allied
positions on the whole front
The Roishevik operations were
well organized and show a marked Inn
provement in leadership. The Boil
sheviNs fought we'll and their losses
Undoubtedly were heavy.
The allies engaged were mostly
American and Russian troops. They
were slilfully handled and ms the re-
suit there were slight casualties.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Tyrol Of the Alps, Not to Be
Outdone, Has Own Revolution
Having Constituted Republic Convened National Council
and Organised Militia, Il Is Now About to Ask Peace
Congress to Grant It National Independence

the Upper Adige constitute discord-
ant element of which only armed force
can dispose? I, for one, do not think
40, and l will call the Germans them
selves to testify In support OF my the
DRY.
NEVER BECOME ASSISfIIIATE.D.
Professor Mayr. OF the University Of
Innsbruck. member of the Tyrolese
provisional government, in conversa
ton with correspondent of lie Temps
on January 3, 1919. said:
'Of vital importance to us Is the
possession of Southern Tyrol as far
as Bozen--indeed, as far as Soiurn.
III these districts. with their Tyrolese
populations, were handed over to Italy,
they would never become assimilated.
Passai, for instance. the birthplace Of
Andreas Hofcr. cannot be taken from
US. II the entente does not listen 10
us. 1t would be tantamount to decree
ing the end of Tyrol. We should be
reduced to vcrarlberg and tw, valleys.
and our existence made impossible
I'VE should be forced to ask incor-
poration with Bavaria. bu. not with
the Bavaria Of the Jew Kurt Eisner, or
even Bavaria under Berlin Bolshe-
visit domination. We should unitA
only with a democratic state COVER ned
by its own people and immune from
poison"
Professor Mayr himself thus stAteA
that union Of the upper Adigs with
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Labor Leaders To
Gather In Berne
Gompers and Henderson Leave
Paris to Attend Important
Conference.

Paris, Jan. 30.---Labor and So
cialist leaders of the allied countries
held meeting in Paris this afternoon
and the delegation Will start on Satur-
day for Berne for the labor confer
ence here. Samuel Gompers, presi-
dent CT the American Federation of
Labor. and Arthur Henderson. the
British labor leader. participated in
the discussion. IT ia said that Premier
Lloyd George considers the In Dor leg
station program now before the peace
conference as of the most extreme
importance and this is evidenced in
his summoning Henderson from
Switzerland for consultation.
According to the Berne correspon-
dent OF the Petit Parisienne. NJ
Rrantirg. the Swedish socialist leader.
did not conceal that the aim OF the
Berne meeting is tn exers pressure on
the peace conference prior to the
adoption of any general labor pro-
gram.
The French radicals are rejoicing
that since the last elections British
politics are becoming less eonserya-
tive AMI they believe tho elections
would eniiahren the present Paris
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
ny GUGLIEI4MO FERRERO,
Famous Italian Historian and
IahtlOaODhcr


Especial Cable. Copyright 1919 by
Universal Seryice.l
Rome, Jan. 30.--in the appalling
state Of confusion into which Europe
has fallen aince the revolution In Aus
tria and Germany. nobody has been
able 70 spare attention for the hap
Deninga In Tyrol. which, however. has
ajm0 md IT. revolution. constituting O
rNpuAaics converting . national coun-
e1tsAn9 organising q militia
New. Iyrol ID about to ark the peace
cpmGrNss to grant II national inde-
Epe1dence. with = constitution along
lDWian ltMaA claiming al the same time.
~ = 0ca<e ltuent part OF the future
repHlla NJ German population Of
~ GCutA4sn slopes Of the Rhaetian
N - pgi~napss Of geographical unity.
th0E93p<1y eenatcfs with linguistic and
mnkt an1ty. The latter would In
vOaxo 3Vttil0n Of the southern
slopes ~ - RhastiAn Alps between
thu GefsnN19 And Italians, while the
former Wo116 censign the area, In its
sMtlraty. ~ ~ ltalians - an organic
@ntlfN n ! IN Z .s,s7s. & .s. e n
M kAys ssea thst II Is IN the inter-
AGfA ef l3aay that the principle OF geo.
GeahA tea1 mnt<y shouId prevail over
aAAf ~ st9.ic unity III this inter.
+ ~ ss's =
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31

Nh the audience last night there were
#numher OF the leading business an@
#Sefpssionai men of Richmond occupy
II special seats reserved for them IN
BE- -for men oriy'' sermon. The
3dienee was dotted here and there
h soldiers and sailors and a mum be"
veterans in uniforms Of gray, and
! these were represented in the num-
Il that came down the aisle and shook
3nds with the queer evangelist. to
'psnisc him they would lead better
SUNDAY made more OF a personal ap-
MI Iasi n'ght. perhaps. than ever be-
r. during the series 81 meetings here
| q earnestress was more apparent. IL
Issible. than on any former occasion.
hen he came face 10 face with the i'm
kn1e group of men and, in a man to
kns fashion. asked them to do what
did thirty-o one years ago, and stag
II into the arms Of Jesus Christ. 20.
keud," was his appeal, III you're con-
Initiating sin, let me ask you In Gods
line not to do IT,
STRIKE AGAINST THE DEVIL.
NJ am trying to rouse you up In q
Itverzai strike against tho DEVIL" was
n way the evangelist put II up to his
|arers. He went on ~ length to
|aw illustrations from life, In which
had seen more. men In all walks OF
|cicty stricken by the hidden hand OF
\ a. they went along their careless
w forsakinG God.
l~You cant fight against God" he ap-
|aIed to them. In tone OF voice that
|ewed tho thought of men believing
Nm alnort staggered him. "You CANT
IN him." he called 20. don't lift NJ
|ur manhood against God" he Asked
I'M. as a brother would apnEal to
|SsS~r ~ forbear from doin Injury
Ainself,
~. 80, the story ,of 4 man who was
sding a double. Hfe. and who had
Elirned Sunday because the woman
~ was the subject OF the formers
|fcit affection had refused to have
|ything to do with him since she had
|ne 10 hear the evangelist preach.
m 'em keep on coming" he smiled
IN not hurt 'em. TIL do EN- good"
n tho words brought him a roar OF
arty response from his audience.
FEARS FOR T-Gs VOICE.
~ arstant dread of losing his
tce, which has become more husky
lAS 81 Cs.ptiunod an pawe TwC
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
BRSAN Is WILLING.

6altsmore. Md, Jan. so.--wf,,ia n
innings sryan is perfectly willing
trust the American people to use
ne initiative and referendum ON
,he liquor question. just as soon a.
oecomes part OF the constitu-
ZION OF every city and state in the
country and the nation, he said
today.
r hryan Is Arm inshis opinion
.s we american people will never
vote liquor back. While 6t.c,,ss,u
many phases Of the prohihif,on
amendment aud the Initiative and
referendum. he paid his respects to
the wet lawyers and charged that
they were now for the initiative
and referendum after having fought
II for fifteen or twenty years be-
cause they see In IL . hope to re-
yive the liquor question"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
IIEE ULTRA-FAsHlOSAnLE

Atlantic CITY. n. y. IAN. a0.--rhA
AmaFicaa male who Wishes to ~
Modieh has choice bstweem nu9nx
mt fr&ininE to reduces M a6Seoa1
fa9ssA and wearing corn~4H Sk1n
Mds 13termlned when tn 40
Aee6clAeioh of MerchAnt FSxlS49
aoNsentton asoernhlA1 ~
Sc1AAa 4e0Av that MAS cloths -
- As skin tiEht and Aieh .wnss<e6ss
wha&Aver that meSns OF oeu@sa
eh0We young Americans waste
v9tste have grown lsau wAllo tASir
sMeealaa wrew hard IN their e6ser-
tfxes service viii mot have 10 worry.
17ss9 reanire neither rAductiaW nor
3MESte Fron evening clothes q
- assaAe~a suits the newly ~.
0o3ne4F atTle ID 10 prevAlL 49,
ASexaetp are a. frown aDeel 1Te1r:
49, peusasnlne surh : eAx1e -
H. Cor tAey TO Gtas Ars & ~
~ svAl q ss Al II
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
n ERICA TO MEET
BRITAIN's RATES

Washington. Jan. 30.--America
will meet. and. tx necessary more
than meet any cut in shipping rates
the British may see fit TO make in
their effort to seize control OF the
markets and ocean Transportation.
mat was the fat assertion made
today at the shipping board While
the chiefs of the division of OPERA
tons were in conference. preparing
to slash rates still further. espe.
cially rates to South America. the
hrst rumblings OF belligerencv
came from the direction of con-
gress Sharp criticism of England
embargo against products was
voiced on the floor Of the senate.
and talk of reprisals came from
both sides of the chamber.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
DE.MOBUIZATyON OF BRITISH
ARMY PROCEEDS RAPIDLY

London, Ian 3o.--nemo biliza ton
ton OF the British army is proceeding
So rapidly that IL 1t continues at the
present rate one million men. ex-
Guiding officers. will have been dis
charged ny the end of this month.
The record day for discharges was
last Tuesday. During twenty four
hours. ending al noon that day. 49,
900 men were demcblized After
this month there will. roughly. be
100000 men left to he dealt with.
SO, II generalization continues at the
present rate, all men, excluding those
OF the army OF occupation, which has
been fixed. roughly. at 100000 men
will have been emohilized before the
end of March.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31

New York, Jan. so--The New York
Giants will probably set a record in
the number of exhibition games to he
played with American League teams
this spring. despite the shortened
training season. 1t was announced
today hat eight games he booked
with the worlds champion Red Sox
and seven games with the Washing
ton team.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
BOLD BUT
ONE. SESSION TO-DAY

Paris, Jan. ga provisional agree
ment for dealing with the German col.
onies in the Pacific and Africa was
reached at this afternoons session az
the big Ave" of the peace conference.
according to the communsque pub.
lisned tonight These arrangements
wore termed satisfactory"
II also was announced that sirniiar
arrangement were completed for deal,
ing with the occupied territory IN
Turkish Asia
The communique further made PUB
lie the decision that the military reD-
resentatives OF the allied and aa1Co-
ciaied powers at Versailles arc "a BE-
asked to make an arrangement Auspnx
the allied powers to carry the burden
of supplying military forces to mnAn-s
tam order In the Ottoman anhere,
These forces are to carry ont this dutys
pending the decision of the Conferences
respecting the government OF Turk
ism territory. !
The peace conferences communf0us: i
The president OF the United et9tee.
the prime ministers and ministers osa
foreign affairs OF the allied and ssuo-s
cfated powers. AZ vell - JspAnest rsp-
ressntativcs. today held two meetings
The exchange 81 Views centiaus6f
on the German colonies IN taaA PAn4ocs
and In Africa. In the prssence e tAo1r
representatives Of the dosnlni1oe 49,
Mosieur aimon, French mtniseas oe ~
colonies. and Of the Marquis 1aluaeo
RAggot
In the afternoon meeting ne Bel-a
vfsional arrangements were reached
for dealing with the German colonies
and the occupied territory In Turkish /
Asia. IN 81 4
In the afternoon meetings the SB,-f
gfan delegates were present. Mon
sieurs Hymans, vandenhaver ana van
derveide were accompanied BY Mon-s
sieur Orta. who explained the Belsians
point OF view concerning the ConSo.
II was further decided that the
military representatives OF the allie,i
and associated powers at Versailles
should be asked to meet At cnca and
present report N TO the most eQu-s
table and economical disfyibutipu
among those powers Of the burden az
military forces Tor the rur-
pose OF maintaining order in tho Turk-
ish empire pending The decizicna Of.
the peace conference reg1ydine the
government Of Turkish territory.
The next session will bs held II J
morrow at ! r. NJ.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Huns Have aoo. 900 Under Arms.

Cohlenz. Germany, Jan. 30.--Ac-
cording to a courier, who obtained
the information for the American
army ut occupation, there are not
more than 10000 German troops
outside Of Germany. including ten
thousand In Turkey. The present or
ganiZed Germany army is not greater
than 500 zoo and II is thought to be
nearer 100000.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
ANDERlNtfEF PRESENT WHEN GAVEE SOUNDS
PROVISIONAL AGREEMENT ON HUN COLONIES QUESTION:
SUNDAY GIVES WARNING IN HEART TO HEART TALK FOR MEN
REPUBLIC or THE BALKANS.

REPUBLIC or THE BALKANS.
Rome. Jan. 30.-A federal re-
public of the Balkans IL the latest.
advanced plan for keeping the
peace among those nations
The plan, according to reports
received here has been worked out
by the Bnlgarians. the draft pro-
posing the inclusion Of the republic
OF Serbia. Croatia, Bosnia. Herzc-
govina. Montenegro and Sloycnja-
The idea, II Is said, grows ont Of
the historic associations of the CO.
burg dynasty.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Loafers In Church Waiting to
Grasp Rewards Without Labor
Christ Left Men the Task of Feeding Salvation to
Other Men, But Christians Are Slow to Take Up
the Challenge.

Basng in love of future reward and too forgcl Of
ent duty characteristic the people Of the church in Rich
ond which Mr. Sunday jumped with both his feet yester-
gay afternoon at the City Auditorium He spoke Feeding
the lack OF spiritual feeding being by those profess
to be followers of Jesus Christ
ne brought before them the utter utly of hope the
salvation OF mankind long and women arc neectfu
their duty to distribute to sinners that Jesus died
the cross TO provide 1.-THE church Of God lazy to do
he cried as he doubedhs fist executed triple whrl
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
British Government won>~ Interfere,

London. Jan. 30.--Chanceilor Bonar
Law. in an official reply to a telegram
from the lord provost OF Glasgow, on
the matter of working hours, said the
question was being handled by the ON
pioyers and the representatives Of the
trades union concerned. The govern
ment. he added viii not intervene.
Such action. the chancellor holds, would
unde rhine the authority Of the mems
representatives and destroy cc-opera-
tion between the employers end en-
ployes.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31

MISCONSTRUED RELIGION.
''Thev don't come from G0d!~ Ne
declared in referring to Christian
Science. and the other ''isms and
scisns' which he said had only
enough religion In them to float them
before tho public. And the world ID
beginning to realize" he continued.
that religion does not consist III do
Ing LET Of things that are branded
as religion.
We're offering 4 lot Of bunk to
the world that = not re1leion. n the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31

evangelist contributed to his scathing
remarks against tho apathy OF the
church. the subject which he has
never failed to touch upon IN any. Or
Ms Sermons during the revival. "fiOd
says hunt ccnae around mA. IL YOU'RE
not gcing to offer your Iives." ~ ~.
and continued his declarations that ne
profeeeed Chrtatiane of this city an
not c6erine astythtng Of wxlus "a the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
RECOSsFas RAsIc mEA
ny Jay yerns,e yrirlau.1

Paris. Jan. 30.-Tho Le4&uo "a
Nations has become the basic ~ e% \
tho entire peace conferences, A11xAS
Iardteu. French con,missiones n IN
United States. declared In - dnlnR-s
view with the American eossN
dents today. .5ss q NH sss n
reached by the s'bis ave. ~ - G1
oniaf problems would - nnAi -
Immediately binding. s N Bssa N MI
II the Attitude " tn Japai
gArding their claime n ~ ~
islands FORMERLY 0sEn91 ~ N g ~
I'M n
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31

Our Hanr Annual Infercst Charge.
New York. lam 30.-The United
States viii have m annual interest
lchargs OF $i.1oo.Oe0.oc0 to meet after
estimates made BY tho Mechanics and
Metals National bank. Of New York.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-31
Demand Trial of Hun General.

london, Jan. 3a-The Belgian news
pa pers are demanding the trial of Cen
eral Won ManteuneI. who ordered the
burning of Louvain in 1914, according
to dispatch to the Express from Brus-
sells. The German general is now a
prisoner. In the fire. 1900 houses were
destroyed.