Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1919-11-21
European Farmers Re~a ming The;r SIDE;
Facts Affect NJ arlzot for u. S. Products

Cop prospects in eastern Europe
re much better thCn previous Of
ficiaI reports and uaau,hent;c ru-
mos have indicated, &c Ording to
re1rerentH tive of the United S ates
deDa" tn2nt of agriculture whose OBJ
~arvat.0ns Were taken in4o account
in the dcC@ rtmelt's recent s"G res
tons 70. fall paintings in Amer ca.
THIS representative. under detail to
the United States Grain co FOra-ion,
r'~Hn eX we f'rst-h7nd i1vesti-
cations in Europe. O-e of his re-
) th>t the ter Tory Included
before the w7r n Hungary, Rul%Qria
and Rouroo Hia p 'ob2bly WIZ export
1T least 1.650000 tons of breed gra MS
from current crops comp-red TO g.
600 coo tons in average pre-war
years.
So far as its production of bread
grains is concerned Blu gHr!a is p 2 c.
ticaly on pra-war b@s's and Hun
CRY almost SO, bet Roun'ania is
still far from complete re overy. The
most oDtim site cl2ims of RoTm2n'a
for e-:"ort this yer are 50H 0H0 tons
as against 1,7G0 eco tons of prc-v-ar
ye" rs. In the whc1t-C' 0drcing re-
gion of southern Hungry the a, err
2ge planted tn 9 yer is fully 80 per
cent of the norn7l pTe-war acce1~e.
In that pert of Roum2n:a occup cd
by the arm eS of the central pOWe s,
coosider2b e ard WIS not cultivated
this year, while th2t VIII: h was de-
voted to crops was found in rat1e:'
POOR con1 sion. This came about be-
C"Use the TautoHic arm es r&v2ged
the country of much of the work
stock and agricultural imp ements.
FOweyer despite tbs, ROu mania VIII
be more than se1@-supp0rtinG, and
rs the MARE cop is improving on
account of conditions du ing the
sumner, Rouman a will hove a GER
t9in amount OF export surplus. There
wiN undoubtedly be on export sur
nlrs from southern Hungary. while
BVlS2rs1, IS stated is at least as
we'll off in food produce on as it was
previous to the war ard will be ablc
to fx"o more than the average
amount OF cerC7ls.
E-eo~a:ca E2Z~'le-s T ming
On the cas- EN- border o. Poland
and the western border of Russia
the DoDu' ton was larGe'y evacuated
dur ng the war. At present. how
ever, the peasants are returning to
Their fOr"le' Eo~oos des0ite the fact
that food conditions, de to lack
of cult!vo ton, are very bed. In
sore places the peasants are living
on b"e0d made from grass. nettle, ard
he2thc". Food shortages in eastern
Europe for the most pa ere local.
Wh"7t breed is common in all the
M Eets. e~coDt those OF Germany.
where white bred is not available.
Throughout GermH"y the entire ace
age IS under cultivation, a'tNoUgh
it is presumed that the yield wiz
be below normal. due to the Incl
of fe~t li~crs. Be,T5:um IS We high,
ly cultivated with good croo pros
poets, while F,ance and EHG md
have both ben seriously affe@ted by
o"Ght ard their prospects in bead
grains are not encourlg 'ng. East
Galic:a hos been for five years the
st7Ce of fighting. AS a consequence
of the sturbed conditions there.
none of the large estates of that re-
g!on are cultivated this year, al
tho@Eh fully 90 PEI cent of the peas
ant holdings are in crop.
Specialists of the Tn ted States de-
partment of agriculture spent seven
France, northern Y, pcross Jugo-
S!aVi1, through Croatia and SlaVonil,
the great wheat districts of southern
HungHry. and Tr!nsyIvln!a to Euch-
a est in Roumonia and nor h thro ,gh
Roumania. Bukow.na and Golici1, to
Warsaw n PollHd; thence west
through Germany to Holln nd; through
Holland, Bel%;um, and no thern
Fr2nce to Paris. During tbs tor
opportunity was afforded to examine
the agricultural situation in the re-
giOns y we Sed
Limiting see CT Ez<ates
One feature of outst nding ayr
Cu,tUral Importance is that in Po-
Ina, ROumanla, Croatia and SlavOnia
the COVE nments are now limiting
the size of the estates to m X;mums
of from 200 to 400 hectares "a hec-
tare is nearly 212 acres), the land
in excess of these limits be ng Is
tr.buted among the peasants. In
Roumlnia, where in many Instances
large estates have been , distributed
among the pc SAINTS, the cooperative
purchase and use of machinery by
the pc SAINTS has been promo Ell. so
that number of ne:ghDors may firm
their tracts as one unit with less
hand labor. Under the system of
land tenure which has prevlled. The
pc SAINTS operate their land in small
holdings which ave age about e4h|
to ten hectares in area. from one
half to two-thrds of all the Ina
being held by the pe1slnts Ulder
he peasant system of farming the
"e1sants live in villages and go OFT
their fields for wo k daily. In
h $ way much time is wasted go ng