davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Protest Against League
Meetings Arranged for Many
Cities, Says Announcement

Washington, July ia mass meet
ing in protest against the league OF
nations has been arranged in nearly
every large CITY,, said an announce
ment tonight by the League for the
Preservation of American Independ-
encc. Speakers who will appear un-
der the auspices of the organization
include Senator Reed, Democrat, OF
Missouri. and Senator'S Borah OF
Idaho. johnson Of California. Poindex-
ter Of Washington and former Scaa-
tor Beveridge. OF Indiana. all Repuh-
licans. No dates for itinerary were
announced, but it was said that efforts
would be concentrated in Western
States
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Swiss For League
Federal Counsellor Tells Radical
Congress That He Favors
League

Berne July 14.-Edmund Schult-
less. federal counsellor. in the course
OF Il long address before the congress
of the radical party here today dis
cussed Switzerland's entry into the
League of Nations. giving arguments
on both sides of the question. He saic
Il can only declare myself expressly in
favor of our entry"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
American and Allied Soldiers
Hold Triumphal Parade in
Capital of France
WOUNDED SOLDIERS
HEAD PROCESSION
General Pershing and Other
American Generals Were
Greeted With Great Enthusi-
asm

Paris, July 1.-THE triumphal
amrch of the allied and American
troops through Paris began at eight
o'clock this morning. The weather
was brilliant, being more like Octob-
er than midsummer. Thousands Of
wounded soldiers, with crutches or IN
wheel chairs and clad, for the most
part in civilians clothes, led the pa
rade. Gen. Pershing, with a number
Of American generals, were in line
and were received with enthusiasm.
Forty American organizations Of SOL
diers and marines, marching with
wonderful precision were greeted bs-
a sea Of waving handkerchiefs, flags
and deafening cheers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
JOHN BULL OUT
FOR BUSINESS
Regular Stampede to Resume
Trade With Ger
many
FOREIGN OFFICE
HELPS MERCHANTS
British Firms Given Every Fac
ilty to Distribute Goods in
Germany

London, July 12.-Great Britain is
preparing to resume her consular ser-
vice in Germany soon and to give ev-
cry facility for British firms to dis
tribute goods there, says The Daily
Mail A special committee of the for
eign Office is selecting the men for
the consular work and it is expected
that an ambassador to Berlin will be
appointed in the near future.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
German War Tax

Copenhagen. July 14.-MatEias
Erzberger. German minister OF
finance. has issued a statement, ac-
cording to a Berlin dispatch to The
Tiedende. that the proposed levy on
property in Germany will begin at
five thousand marks and be graduated
up to ten percent for property valued
at fifty thousand marks. The levy
will be payable by installments,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Enemy Nations
No Compromise and No Good
Will Between Poles and
Uxrainians

Vienna. aSturday. July 1.-THE
Ukrainians will never give up terri
tory to the Poles. according to a mes
sage received here from NJ. Temlky.
the premier of the Ukranian govern
inent of General Petlura. He added
that the Ukranians would not join rho
Russian federation,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
PEACE GRANTED !
TO GERMANY
Versailles Conference Informs
Germans That Ratification
Has Been Accepted
BLOCKADE WILL
BE RAISED
Council of Five Takes Action on
Final Stage of Peace Negotia-
tions

Par:s, Jul: 12.-The German dele
CATION at Versailles was informed to-
day in a letter from the peace con-
ference that the ratification Of the
treaty of peace by Germany had becn
accepted and that the raising of the
blockade was about to occur. The
decision to raise the blockade was
taken, by the council Of five Friday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Townley is Convicted
He and Gilbert Found Guilty
OF Disloyalty Charge

Jackson. Mimi. July 12.-The jury
in the trial of President A. E. Town
ley and Joseph Gilbert. Of the non
partisan league. late tonight found the
defendants guilty Of the charge OF
conspiracy to teach disloyalty in vio-.
lation of the N1innesota law.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
EFFORT AGAINST
THE PRESIDENT
Republicans Plans to Pass Bill
Over His Veto as Test of
Strength
ISSUE RAISED ON
DAYLIGHT BILL
Fight VIII Be Made in the House
Beginning This Afternoon

Washington, July f4-Under unani,
nous. consent agreement. the agricul.
tural appropriation bill, with its ride,
for. the repeal Of the daylight savings
law, was to be taken up in the house
today with the Republican leaders
hopeful of passing the measure oyel
President Wilson's veto.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Chief of Bureau Of Navigation
Disabled By Long
Illness
HE WON FAME
IN SPANISH WAR
He Is The Most Distinguished
South Carolinian in Service.

Washington, July 14.-Rear Ad-
>.nnal Blue, chief of the bureau Of
navigation, who has been i'll for sever
II months, mas been recommended for
retirement by the board of naval
medical officers Secretary Daniels
announced that Admiral Blues sue
cessor would be named as soon as
President Wilson approved the boards
recommendation.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Conference At
White House
Number of Senators and Repre-
tatives Called on President

Washington. July 14.-President
Wilson today received a numbs- o.
senator's and representatives who call
ed st the White House to discuss q
variety of subjects These engage
ments were the first made for the
president since his return from Paris,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Marine Strike Unsettled
Labor Union Leaders Have Not
Accepted Offer of Shipping
Board

Washington. July 14.-Shipping
board officials said today that no re-
ply had been received from union Of
ficers concerning the announcement
of increase in wages of ten dollars a
month granted to employees on the
shipping boards ships and that the
,ext move in the strike would have 70
come from the men.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Sails For Home
Secretary Lansing Took Ship at
Brest To-day

Brest, July 14.-TEe steamship Rot,
terdam, with Secretary of State Lam
sing aboard, left here for New York
this afternoon.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-07-16
Foreign Relations Committee
Begins Consideration of Peace
Covenant
PRESIDENT MAY BE CALL
ED AND QUESTIONED
Senator Swanson VIII Open De-
bate in Senate For Ratifica-
. fios of Treaty

Washington, July 1.-THE foreigr
relations committee, to which the
peace treaty was referred ON ITS pre-
sentation by President Wilson Thurs
day, begins the consideration OF. the
document at today'sS session, Which
may bring action on several collateral
issues, including the questions whcth-
en- President Wilson will be invited to
appear and be questioned. In the
senate chamber debate for ratifie9-
tion will be opened by Senator Swan
son, of Virginia.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31
MISS MARGEDANT
Attends the Ohio State Con
ference of The Ameri-
can Red Cross

Miss Margedant, of the Hamilton
Red Cross Chapter, local executive
secretary, is in Cleveland attending
the Ohio State Conference of the
American Red Cross. Representatives
from 108 Ohio chapters of the organ
8ization met in conference Wednesday
with national and divisional head
quarters officials for discussion of the
various phases Of the peace-time ex-
tension of Red Cross service to bene-
fit Ohio communities.
At a special meeting, during the
conference, Mackenzie r. Todd, Lake
division manager, of the Third Red
Cross Roll Call, made a request for
concentrate Red Cross effort, Novem-
Der I'll, the week of the annual en-
rollment of Red Cross members.
Every Red Cross membership,
said Mr.. Todd, rs a vote of confidence
in the Red Cross" Universal mem
bership is the slogan for the lake di-
vision, which covers the territory of
Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky.
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31
"RASOLA" And "ll22" Cigars
Now Manufactured By
Cheap NOn-Union Labor

The cigarmakers of Cincinnati,
Ohio, are in a bitter fight against the
S. Joseph & Company, manufacturers
of the non-union "Rasola" and "1122"
cigars. The cigarmakers are carrying
the fight to other cities where these
cigars are sold, and from the cigar
makers come reports that their fight
against these cigars is being crowned
with success.
In the past few days Messrs. Frank
Haas and William Hockenjos, repre-
senting the Cigarmakers' Union of
Cincinnati, have been calling on the
local dealers of cigars and have been
successful in securing the promises of
the dealers that they will not carry the
two brands of the Joseph Company
until they settle their differences with
the members of the union
In communication that was sent
out by the Cigarmakers Local No. 4,
and signed by VIM F. Lamke, secre-
tary of the organization, states that
this firm is paying their employees less
than one-half the union scale. The
union cigarmakers of Cincinnati ap-
peal to their friends to stand by them
in their fight against firm who is
endeavoring to drag the wages Of their
members down
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31
By Labor Chiefs At National In
dustrial Conference Called
By President Wilson

Talk of labor and capital, and regu-
lating both by the same yardstick and
the same rule! Why this anMousness
to have the unions of labor incorpor-
ated? So that the same condition of
affairs might be established as in the
times, under the guilds, when the gov
ernment stepped in and robbed the
workers Of the funds that they had
accumulated to serve them for illness,
for death, for the burial Of the wife
and the child as it might occur.
Whether you like it or not the
working men and women have at last
found the ability to artieulate. If you
want to deny that right today you
should have denied their fathers and
grandfathers the public school
Frank Morrison on the Open Shop
desire to direct attention to one
of the twelve principles proposed by
the Capital Group to this Industrial
Conference, which declares that there
should be no interference with the
open shop" and concludes no en-
ployer should be required to deal with
men or groups of men who are not
his employees or chosen by and from
or among them"
The principle there enunciated vio-
lates established and prevailing Gus
toms in industry in the civilized world
1t nullifes the good faith Of all the
other principles advanced in its pro-
gram by the Capital Group.
In practice it would result, first, in
trade union disintegration, and finally
IN the economic slavery Of the indus
trial wage workers of the country.
Every one Of the 1l3 International
Trade Unions composing the American
Federation Of Labor has developed a
method Of collective bargaining by
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31

WORKERS RIGHTS EL0QUENTLY CHAMPI0NED DURING
DEBATE on KEYSTONE OF ARCH OF LABOR DEMANDS

which representatives of the unions
treat with employers individually or
collectively. The United States War
Labor Board soon after its creation,
announced: "The right of workers to
organize in trade unions, to bargain
collectively and through chosen repre-
sentatives is recognized and affirmed.
This right shall not be denied or
abridged or interfered with by en-
ployers in any manner whatever"
The Director General of Railroads,
in Order No So, issued in January,
1919, provided for the creation of a
Railroad Board of Adjustment to set
tie disputes affecting members of four
railway trade unions. The American
Federation of Labor, by reason Of its
existence was enabled when our coun-
try entered the war, to present to the
government practical methods for coll
lective bargaining for the establish
mten of uniform wages, hours and
conditions in the various war indus
tries, an econmic situation resulting
in incalculable benefit to the govern
ment in its capacity of employer and
to the entire nation as a decisive fac
tor in the war.
A commission of six employers
appointed by the United States Secre-
tary of Labor, on returning from a
tour Of investigation in Great Britain
generally recognized the desirability
of bargaining collectively with labor
The assertion made by the capital
group that, principles of individual
liberty and freedom Of contract
require that there should be no inter
ference with the open shop is an
offense to the human understanding as
it is language which contradicts
thought. Individual liberty" is mock
cry of the wage worker, who, forced
by his necessities to find work, is not
free to make a contract just to him
self. No sophist, no causist, no de-
fender Of privilege, can use this ar
gument of the capital group before
court or conference and carry convic-
tion to hearers who have reasoned out
its inconsistencies. 1t is now rejected
in every branch of society which has
seriously studied the economies of la
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31
Morrison Says When Wage Workers
Are Not United, Employers Play
One Worker Against Another
IN Competition.

passed in the term capital dead
things, inanimate things, material
things, things which can be sold and
bought, things which are subject to
barter and sale; capital invested for
the production of still more capital,
more inanimate things, material
things.
And what is labor? Labor is the
men and the women, enormously and
Intentionally coined in the Technology
as labor It is laborers, workers, hu-
man beings, men and women and
children, and when it comes to the
question Of determining what is of
greater Importance as to men and
women and little children and dollars
and things, the soul OF mankind goes
out to men and women and children
rather than to capitalize regulation
of capital, the material things of life
and the regulation of men and women
and children.
If the old concept of labor and capi-
tai had prevailed we should still find
our children, thre, four or five years
Of age, going into the mines and work
ing underground for twelve, fourteen
and sixteen hours a day. If the old
concept Of labor and capital still pre-
vailed you would find children in the
textile mills of America working
twelve, fourteen and sixteen hours a
day
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31

Dor contracts, except the one branch
bent on the restoration of feudal
domination by barons of capital over
serfs of labor.
"Open shop" is deliberate mega
tion of the unavoidable necessity of
the organization of labor. When wage
workers are not united, employers play
one worker against another in compe-
tition. They quote tenth man, unem-
ployed, as a menace to nine men in
their employment They take advan-
tage of dull seasons, when unemploy-
ment is at its worst, to establish per-
manently wages and conditions to
which the most needy workers must
then give their consent. The more
liberal employers, themselves, are
finally obliged by low wage paying
competitors to ~educe wages in order
to meet the price of products in the
market reached through the cheapest
labor costs.
That lnevlUapIe tendency in finance
by which the worst currency drives out
the better -Gresham's LAWS equally
true in its application to labor The
employers of sweat-shop labor, prison
labor, child labor, non-union, women's
labor and cheap foreign labor in var
ious industries have repeatedly cap
tured markets from employers con-
scientiously endeavoring to uphold
recognized American standards. The
sole effective antidote to this social
disease has been the trade union.
The considerations of employing
class managers of colossal corpora
tions bent on paying dividends on bill
lions of capital, largely fictitious, rep
resented in this industrial conference,
have challenged the common sense of
the American people in demanding the
dissolution Of the solidarity of the
workers. The union shop is the sole
practical obstacle to that de-Ameri-
canization of labor which for years has
been the policy of the economic dig
archy governing the basic industries of
this country That the conspirators
aiming at the ruin of trade unionism
should embody their propositions in
a program placed before this confer
Continued on last page)
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31
Sam Gompers on Capital vs..
Humanity

Capital consists of tables, these
tables and these chairs, these clothes,
steel, clothing, boots, shoes, pork,
hides and cattle, machinery, wool,
sugar, oil, anything that can be
brought to your mind relative to the
things l have mentioned, is encom-
The Butler County press. [volume] (Hamilton, Ohio) 1900-1946, 1919-10-31

Washington.-Never have Labor's
rights been more ably championed
than in the National Industrial Con-
ference called to meet here by Presi-
dent Wilson.
The greatest debate ranged around
the subject of collective bargaining,
the keystone Of the arch of Labor's
demands The speeches of Gompers,
Morrison, Vol and Johnston, labor
champions, were declared even by the
capitalist representatives as most elo-
quent.
Contending thus for right that has
been established by all the great inter
national unions, a right recognized by
the American government, a right rec
ognized in France and England, the
Labor delegation fought a great fight.
Here follows extracts from the
speeches delivered during the course
of the debate by Gompers and Morri-
son
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28
VICTORIOUS AMERICAN
pfg0s Z. l99SHE@9 ION

WAsHlkC . Fch 27-Psn.. ,aais enuc re-eehoed to-
y for the first to the tread OF victorious
American who fought in Europe under the Stars and
ne % helm clear the way FOR the spread of democratic ideals
President Wilson parade foot and after marching
houch cheering thousands the capitol to the White hous
oo his place in the reviewing stand with Mrs Wilson surrounded
his OF the upreme court the diplomatic corps
md high officers of the and foreign military forces
The nar,de vas orgsnzed as tribute to service men-so
ers sailors and nanes-fom the District Of Columbia, but
soon became had than local sgne
nce Men from every and took part ard TIE
presence hundreds OF wounded who at Chateau lher 81
Mhicl and the Argonne helped write the stirring chapters OF
American par,icir ion in war made the parade testimonial Of
the nations pride n all its fighters regardless Of locality
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28
SENATE PASSES
AlNINI5T RATION
WHEAT MEASURE
BIII LION DOII4NE lpPkOpRi \
TuN BIII Now GOES TO
tONElRlNtl.


N Associated lrrss
WASHINGTON F.b.
Ir. admin. ,urou ml sppru
prurrr SIHuN.uUU.Huo In uI-
UI tH. government. -uarau-
teaI art pri.. .l 'ho farmers
lor OH. 1919 crop WAS passed
at D. 800 O'Clock fHis morning
by fhn senate. without material
amendment and now goes tu
conference
$50 charge vas made by 'ht
senate iu DO, house provision.
iar import and export rg-.rlc.
uon. ur in rho limitation to
june D. lH-U. 0t the operation
of Ono a.' Efforts % reduce
H. appropriation ana On .'risn
.|..rH.r.rs| an n ra
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28

WASHINGTON. Feb 90 prUs.
dent Wilson and senator Chamber
.au Ui oregon chairman 0f th'
-eua., military committee met to-
da. fHr fb. urt time since their
controversy u. more than year aro
.uu.r I.H president wrote letter
sharply ,Iu-rlns the senator for
1 hn N.H 1uIk ,ncssh in which he
aiI certain government bureau,
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28
Move Defeat, Burn,

DIS MONIES Tow. F..
ThouEh clearly uutfourh' ana Hu
pointed from OBJ. start John, Sow.
81 raul l.rufwrirhf cI4,I q.
oisior over SulIv Hurr. of uH
ACIr tonight ur fnH' r
eighth round 10 .h-.f aH.#H.a Hf
rouad bout Newspaper critics 4.u
orally gave Huu- asr round rl
20 the eighth
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28
PRESIDENT is FRIGTD
IN HIS GREETING OF
SEN. CHAM BERLAIN

hl. almost a.eG f0 function
senator Chamberlain called 90 my
his respects to fho president The
president shook senator chamber
laius hand once and the smile s.
bis fac" disappeared Grayely bow
ur. the president released Ar
Chamberlain hand aud without
speaking turned 90 greet another
senator
Amarillo daily news. [volume] (Amarillo, Tex.) 19??-current, 1919-02-28
WILSON SPENDS BUSY DAY
With STREAM OF CALLERS
= %+%-><+%+&%%%+
MARINE MORkERs VOTE
AGAINST ACCEPTANCE
on OFFERED COMPROMISE

v ~ .h'fAf iANfM AfNn.
= NEW YORK Feb. % An =
+ unions connected with the Ma =
= rine Workers Affliation voted 4
4 today 90 reject the award OF an 4
+ eight hour day. without a wage 4
= increase. made by v. Eycrit !
= Macy VAR labor board umpire. 4
+ IN the harbor strike here last 4
4 December 4
= This announcement was I
+ made tonight by Thomas l.. be- 4
: lahunty president ot the at 4
Z tiIiatior Iie added that the I
= question OF whether the strike. I
= called OF at the cabled request 4
, OF President Wilson is 20 be- re- :
I sumed vl'l be decided tomor- =
+ row :