davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-30
Willy Pogany Explains
About Batik Costumes

Since 1.-THE Magic Melody" swept
into the Shubert Theater with its spec
tacular Batik costumes people have
been asking one another What in the
name Of heaven is Batik?" To solve
this problem for all concerned we IN
terviewed the artist, Willy Pogany, who
was responsible for the introduction
of Batik to Broadway.
Mr.. Pogany's definition of Batik Is
that it is "Simply a most wonderful
method of putting artistic patterns and
designs in varied colorings upon ma
terial of the most delicate nature. In
fact tho more delicate the material
the more wonderful the color effect is.
There is no other method by which
the same results may be obtained.
THE method Is essentially Oriental,
having been worked out successfully in
Batavia and Java, in the Far East. In
Batik work. patterns are not mechan-
ical repetitions. but they are in fact
tho actual painting of the artist on
the material. No amateur could, there
fore. execute Batik work. II is expen-
siye. because il is necessarily the work
OF an artist of skill. 1t is not lot
terry. II is the most eXacting kind
Of artistic work.
THE famous modistes OF Paris are
to-day making extensive use Of Batik.
The Dutch originally brought the meth
cd over TO Europe for the making Of
draperies. The French applied it to
the making of gowns. 1t is now becom-
ing a fad. in Paris to wear these actu-
ally hand painted gowns which bear
no indication Of suffering from the in
congruities of painting. The re-
suit with Batik is that II looks as
though the artists painting was actu-
ally woven into the material No bro
cade can ever be as beautiful as
Batik. because brocade is essentially a
mechanical repetition OF the main pat
tern.
"Batik Is only in tt infancy, and
so the stage leads in its presentation,
but its use is sure TO become universal
in the more expensive and pretentious-
Iv decorated materials, whether they
are used for the making or gowns or
for decorative purposes.
an the hands of an amateur batlk
is unauestionably an awful thing ana
might leave the effect. some writer
said. which would result II you tire"
a ripe tomato at piece OF Dlue chluoh
bnt il is a most wonderful process foi
securing the highest possible artisut
effects when placed in the hands "
real artist
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-30
Edith Day Seems Like
Cinderella in "Irene"

Who is this Edith Day who has been
winning such praise since the opening
Of Irene" az the Vanderbilt Theater?
Her rise in three years sounds like
a modern fairy story. The develop
ment Of the Cinderella in Irene" as
James Montgomery has related IL, is
scarcely more rapid than the life story
OF the winsome young woman who
plays the part OF Irene.
Three years ago Carl Carlton dis
covered her and believed in her 70 the
extent Of putting her under contract
for term OF years. Her success in
Irene" is eloquent testimony to his
ability 70 pick winners.
when I first met Edith Day three
years ago" he said. "she was practi-
cally unknown 20 Broadway, and cer-
tain.y no one along the Rialto sppreci-
ated her.
81 was a. that time engaged in cast
ing the perturbation OF David Graham
Phillips The Grain Of Dust Quite by
accident came upon Miss Day, who
was Just the type had in mind.
while We were engaged in screening
The Grain Of Dust I heard her sing
one day at her music teachers. Then
| discovered that she also had voice.
when ! found she could be spared
AZ the studio ! procured for Miss Day
an engagement with Follow Me- in
which she had one OF the principal
parts and served as understudy for
oil ell
friends Anna Held had her secrets
and tribulations and she confided most
Of them 20 Mis- Day. Now that Miss
He'd has taken her last curtain call
Miss Day treasures the memory OF the
title French actress and The things
she earned from her.
with Going Up in Chicago she
made the same hit she had in New
York. Critics called her the golden
find O. musical comedy From that
time | decided 10 get new play to fit
her personality and signed contract
with James Montgomery TO readaps
Irene 20 sui. Miss Days personality.
Her work in Irene has more than
justified the confidence We reposed in
her The Vanderbilt Theater has been
sold out for every performance since
Irene opened there. and IL looks as
though Miss Day viii stay rignt on
Broadway long enough 20 have good
laugh a, The theatrical managers who
cou.dn'. see her three years ago.
Nr. Carlton is president Of the new
Vanderbilt Producing Company. lie
will soon release through the Crest
Pictures Corporation, OF which he 10
also president. a special new film pro-
duction, After the Storm" featuring
Edith Day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-30

@N A THEATER scheme like ours
Al where the contempt and antago-
~ nism between our "intellectua!"
theater and our popular theater
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-30

The production of 1.-THE Rise Of Silas
Jnphan" illustrates again tho enor@
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-30

y T.: e: =: Fl: : : s: &: S:
- IA .hnnrr thu. a plaY
The labor world., 1919-09-20
DIRECT ACTION
IS PUT OFF BY
BRITISH LABOR
Trade Union Congress at G|as.
gov Is Unwilling to Bring
Matter to Test Vote,

GLASGOW, Scotland, Sept. 1S.-A
surprise was sprung ON the Trades
union congress at Thursdays session
when the chairman announced that a
vote on direct action" would be TAX
en- this morning. A big: debate was ex
pected but those who looked forward
to straight vote on the issue were
disappointed. Possibly the congress
fears the future to much, for after
the debate had been in progress some
time, it developed that they dard not
put it to the vote, to win or lose it all,
and a delegate moved the previous
question which was carried by a ma
jority of $4,000.
The resolution that was debated
read: This congress declares against
the principle of industrial action in
purely political matterss 1T was
moved by Tom Shay, M. p, repre-
senting the textile workers, in speech
in which he said that the ideal at the
back of the direct actionists, the chief
apostles Of which were Robert Smile
and Robert Williams. seemed to be to
create a revolution and establish a
soviet government.
Mr.. Shaw recalled how Nicolas Len
inc; as the ostensible builder Of a
great Socialist movement, had been
allowed passage through Germany
while Russia was still fighting Ger
man militarism and autocracy. To-
day Russia was ruled by an armed
autocracy, presumably working for
the proletariat. To call Russia a re-
public was a misuse of terms. De-
mocracy, Mr.. Shaw said, to him was
real, living force. It was the peo-
ples right to decide their political
fate, and the remedy lay not in coer-
cion but in winning the support of all
classes.
Arthur Hayday. M. p, representing
the general workers, when seconding
the motion, said that the way the
direct actionists sought to utilize the
power of work is to propagate the
worst feature of continental socialism.
J. H. Thomas spoke strongly in sup
port of constitutional methods and the
use of the parliamentary ballot box as
a remedy. Labor's purpose, he said,
must be based on high moral axioms
and they could not demand from 9TH
ers a standard of honor they were
not themsell es prepared to uphold.
The labor world., 1919-09-20
GG*o%<os 10: HOLDS THAT POLICE
*'' KiE Kff'i:s. 4 : T0FoRM UNIONS
Takes Issue With Police Authorities Who Have Ruled Against
Men Joining Labor Unions. resident Of American Fedora
t|on Of Labor Says Peace Can Come without Strikes,

WASHINGTON, Sept 1e-Foowing drastic order of Com
browlow notifying all members of poceens
less Immediately severed membership with the
be dismissed from the police force President Gompers
ence and before
the commissioner
Dung the course OF his arguments showing why L.
issued charter President Gompers freely obligation
administered and furnished copies all governing working
under charter issued direct by the A. that
there nothing the laws obligation that in ng
way with policeman doing his full duty oath
takes when becoming policeman.
During the conference the commissioners any
valid logical for the issued
that policemen Immediately resign they
comprising 600 members
$50. Police Officials Once Assened.
1t has been charged and successfully Denied that some Of
the mead officials OF the police department anted police holding
membership in the newyformed that thev
were to be excluded One of the officials especially CHARGED
with giving his approval has absened
conveniently to avoid the explanine
his reasons for approving the organization of the
he association policemen had been dom
nated alleged by the officials the police department when
these same officials discovered that the them and
confined It's membership to the privates the
Immediately developed and be apparent that rule
what promoted the action and
and resulted in the issuance of the order which the e
The labor world., 1919-09-20
new TRUSTSARE
MODERN EMPIRES
Federal Trade Commissioner
". B. CoIVer, Declares They
viii Be Nations Menace.

WASHINGTON, Sept. -18.-A new
form of business trust, more danger
Gus to public welfare than those which
brought about the enactment of an
monopoly and antitrust laws, is de-
Veloping in the United States and
must be curbed by congress at once,
according to testimony given to the
house judiciary committee by William
b. Colver, member of the federal
trade cmmissi0n.
The meat packing industry is the
"classic iHustration'' of the new COM
bination., Mr. ,ColveE. ssaid.- the princi-
pie of, it's growth. being that those
in the combine seek not merely to
control their main products and stifle
competition, but also to control all
by-products of their main manufac-
ture.
The old Standard Oil monopoly is
a "two-cyNnder trust" and the new
development 1920 model trust"
was the comparison given by Mr.. Cul-
Yer. He strongly recommended the
addition Of an amendment to both the
clayton antitrust law and the federal
trade commission act. as a means of
checking the growth of the modern
type of commercial empire.
"Compared to the new principle
employed, the old Standard Oil trust
was not at all effective, but would be-
come so if It were to use the new
method"
The labor world., 1919-09-20
Join union. And. ....
AREPUT IN jAll
Girl Optical Workers Victims Of
F|agrant Viol alton Of Rights.
Of Citizens,

CHICAGO. ILL.,, SPIT. 18.-A number
of young girls, newly organized men,
bers of the Optical Workers. union,
were the victims of the most flaerant
violation of the rights Of citizens and
union members.
1t would seem well-nigh impossible
that In this twentieth century and in
Chicago, a city somewhat alive to
labor interests, there could occur
such daring defiance of law, to say
nothing of human rights, as has been
shown by the Optical Manufacturers
association in the attempt to destroy
union of their employees.
The vice-president of one of the
largest optical firms has taken upon
himself all the authority Of the chief
of police in the handling of the strik-
ing optical workers. says the Unionist.
Officers of the law were told to make
arrests of girl strikers and were in
structed to seize them after they had
retired for the night. Girls were
charged with intimidation, though
their only offense was that of Joining
union.
Three girls who belonged to the
union were the victims of this utter
disregard of law and order. They were
jerked out of bed at midnight and
were dealt with by the police as though
they were the most desperate Grim
inals. This was done at the instiga-
ton of a representative of the Optical
Manufacturers association who direct
ed the police in making the arrests.
The labor world., 1919-09-20

better service, lower rates. Increased
wages, was paid as dividends on Sc
curities which. represented nothing.
It has been customary for financial
management in this way to mortgage
future productive power and the un-
earned Increment arising from de-
velopment Of trade and industry. There
are many SUCH instances.
Millions Issued for Nothing.
Shortly before the government as
sumed control, seven other western
railroads had outstanding fictitious
capital stock amounting to $209,000,-
000-stock awaiting the dividends of
the future. Astounding sums went
as bonuses to stockholders and as
excessive commissions and fees to
bankers and underwriters From 1900
to. 1910 six eastern railroads distrib-
uted $101,000,000 in stock bonuses
above and beyond dividends.
Z From the same roads bankers and
underwriting syndicates received $40,-
100000 for handling bonds. In the
same period stock bonuses Of seven
western railroads amounted to more
than $25o.o0o,000; for handling their
The labor world., 1919-09-20
CHIEF FEATURE IS PROPOSAL
T0QJTLAxR Way STRIKES
Rafeeaa etherhesds Call e nea b Dangerous Feature 4
Proposed Measure s csFs| n,,kssseddss: Would Revive
leu'Attaafy euhtaafy S>fVHtude hItnMmb Ptea Beet for M,

Declaring that the Cummns outlaw trade unions
in state of involuntary
the presidents of Is railroad labor organizations Joined
protest to Congress against its enactment into law.
Ihe chief feature of the Cummns
for taking from labor the right STRIKE makes
s'rkes ega The exact language of this follows
IF two agreement
with the intent substantially HINDER the
interstate
bnaon agreement which substantially hnder prevents
the OF
sons and agreeing shall be guilty conspiracv
nn na be by fine not exceeding $780,
vdn That nothing herein shall deny to any individual
the right to omit his employment for any reason"
Woud Hinder Commerce.
This provision the railroad labor say, only would make
illegal to strike with intent to hinder commerce. but also
would make illegal to enter combination
ao hinder nerste Intent would proved
the courts thus the provision ironad;
roads, Of however small would unquestonaby
state commerce The provision carefully written
railway labor the right to strike under possible
II this provision enacted into law impose upon rail-
way labor two nupportabe conditions namely
and servude fundamental
opens the whole question the relations of labor
the employer and popaes the
at this
The labor world., 1919-09-20
PROPOSED /! ) D! BONUS :! ! n! !!
70P,;0. CLERKS
Postal EAlpIeyss Bent Want Il;
They Demand |kefe eases h
Aaaud PM.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 18. - When
the information was conveyed to- the
convention Of the National Federation
of Postal Employees in session in this
city that the house had passed a bill
granting the postal workers a. bonus
OF $3.50 instead of acting favorably
on the petition they presented de-
'manding an increase of $500 a year,
indignation was freely expressed. A
delegation was appointed and instruct
ed to go to the capital and protest
against the action Of house and in
slst on a hearing before the postoffice
committee. ~..,>.
The convention had previously IA
Vored a flat SO per cent increase in
salaries for postal employees with time
and a. half for overtime, a 44-hour
week and 80 days leave. AS a result
Of the action Of the house threats
were freely made by the delegates
that large number Of the postal en-
ployes would resign and seek other
employment. x
President Gompers spoke before the
convention and warned the delegates
that certain interests were working in
concert to crush organized labor in
this country. He informed the dele
gates that q strike should molly be
INDUCED in as the last resort, and to
proceed with the greatest caution
when that was under consideration.
Gilbert e. Hyatt was elected presi-
dent and Thomas F. Flaherty was re-
elected secretary treasurer. Seven
vice-presidents were also selected.
The labor world., 1919-09-20
UNDER SALAR|ED>..;: !.
men AREF0RCED..*':.
TO ASkCHARFTY
Earnings Far Below Wage Earn
ers--Man Earning $1,40o
Gives Child Away. !.

NEW YORK, Sept. 18.ANew York
office men, bank clerks, public en-
ployes-men of family comparatively
high standards of appearance through
associations - are becoming objects
of charity.
While the garbage men get SO a
day. street car employees from $40 to
! S5o a week, and other semiskilled
workers garner unprecedented re-
turn for their labor, the small SAL
arled pen-and-ink toiler is turning his
children over to the New. York de-
partment of charities because OF in
ao1llty to keep pace with living COSTS
Bird S. Coler, commissioner of
charities has shown by facts and
figures that prove that unless some
assistance is given to the small SAL
aried citizen, either in lower living
costs, or higher returns, that the New
YORK charities would be swamped with
demands from class of applicants
never before seen inside the doors of
the department.
"The subject Of pity these days is
not the Nv :'-4-l-----outer who is forced
to ask k.charity because of drink or like
troubles" said Coler. 1T is the re-
spectacle family man working in our
offices in bank departments, the
clerks nj big businesses. We can cite
a large number. of cases where these
men, who must keep up appearance
In their work are being gradually
forced to the humiliation of public
charity.
1T sounds incredible that a.. man
earning $1,4o0 annually should. be
forced to give UP one of his chill
drep. But that, is: the case. Rents
food costs. prices Of everything made
1t positive necessity in this case to
put that child in ali institutions
There are very few cases on our
records for appeals for assistance
from manual workers. These trades
have made their deamnds felt and are
receiving commensurate wages. It is
the clerk and office man who give us
our problem.
THE issue has reached the point
where cannot understand why some
of these underpaid employees do not
join the manual trades
The labor world., 1919-09-20

bonds bankers received $4,000, 900.
A recent wage arbitration showed that
one company, between 1890 and 1910
in addition to large dividends gave
$317,0O0,OO0. to- dts stockholders. in
bonuses. Another company in the
same manner disposed of $9S,000;O 900
in two years. " -. =.
Additional sources of overcapitali-
>zation and financial dissipation appear
in the history of railroad reorganiza-
tions, consultations and extensions.
Sworn reports Of the railroads, to the
Interstate Commerce Commission, :, the
reports and files of the com mission
itself, and reports Of railroads to their
stockholders, TEEN with examples.
The Rock Island Case. g.
The Interstate Commerce Commis.
sion's investigation Of the Chicago
Rock Island and Pacific furnishes a
typical case. r.'.-. =:
Following the acquisition of a con-
trolling interest in that property in
1901 by Moore Brothers and Daniel
G. Reid, it absorbed three lines the
Burlington, Cedar Rapids and North
ern; the St. Louis. Kansas City and
The labor world., 1919-09-20

.Colorado; the Choctaw, Oklahoma
and Gulf. The waste in the transac-
tions was $14,000,0oo. Then the Rock
Island acquired the common stock of
the st. Louis and San Francisco rail-
road in 1902 and sold it in 1909, .sus-
tanning g. flat loss Of over SIS, 900; 900
in the trasaction.. Reports of the
former railroad securities Commission
show that through failure to dispose
Of its stocks and bonds at current
prices between 1902 and 1910, the. COM
pany gave away in stock bonuses and
'underwriting foes more than 7,ooo,-
900. That is, by failing to secure mar
lket prices for securities for cash, the
company; unnecessarily increased it's
capitalization to this amount. In brief,
when thf fB one company went into re-
ceivership its funded debt had been
increased $5o,o0o,000 by reckless dis
'sipation. : -, ~ -
There are hundreds more of such
examples in the records. They prove
that railroad troubles have been due
to financial mismanagement, not to
demands Of employees or regulation by
state and federal machinery.
The labor world., 1919-09-20

nancial dealings issue securities. and
ultimately distribute the earnings.

nancial dealings issue securities, and
ultimately distribute the earnings.
Financial difficulties of the rail-
roads begin when control of the reve-
nue. passes from the operating man.
agement to the financial administra-
tors" Financial management has been
leaving to the railroads no suitable
portion of earnings for maintenance,
nor making provisions to increase
business or to-, build extensions. In
stead it has capitalized the operating
efficiency and the productive efficen-
cy in satisfying it's own interests. It
has even capitalized the future earn
ings by enormous issues of valueless
stock.
Fourteen western railroad compa-
MES, from the time of incorporation
to 1916, isued fictitious stocks totaling
0,000-stocks for which the
operating railroads received absolutely
no cash for investment. Dividends
actually paid on this stock for the
fiscal year 1914 amounted to $43,-
$4,000. That is -$43, 3,167,O0O Of reve-
nue. otherwise available, for legitimate
requirements, such as maintenance,
The labor world., 1919-09-20
PR0F|TEERS WOULD CAST.
Blame ON TRADE UNIONS

MELBOURNE, Victoria, Australia,
Sept. S,-Emp1oyers and the public
press are working overtime to con-
vince the public that trade unionists
are responsible for increased prices.
Bread has been advanced 1 cent a
loaf since the bakery drivers raised
wages $1.4S week and the Labor
Call says:
'"The career can deliver / 100 loaves
Of bread a week and the increase of
/ cent on that number amounts to
$11.1O,, while the carter's wages were
raised $1.4s. Thus the public Is PEN
allied to the extent of 1852 a week
to cover the cost Of $1.48 a week."
The labor world., 1919-09-20
By w. JETT LAUCK,
Secretary of the National War Labor
BOARD

Shortly before the government as
sumed-control Of the railroads, $4,000
miles Of road, or one-sixth of the
total mileage, were operated by the
courts. During the twenty-year per-
rod preceding government control,
operating corpora tions representing
about 4S per cent of the total rail-
road properties had been adjudged
lnsolvent and placed in receivership
This fact is crucial in cor,sid ering
the proposal for a return to private
ownership and financial operation
based on the assumption that govern
ment control has been an expensive
failure.
The causes of this extensive: insol-
vency can be more clearly UNDER
stood in the light Of the dual manage
ment prevailing under the old system.
First, there are those directly in
charge of physical properties who are
answerable for the efficiency of ac-
tual operation. Then there are those
who guide the corporation in it's IL
The labor world., 1919-09-20

LEAGUE OF NATIONS
PRINCIPLES CAN Be
APPLIED TO MEXICO

The Executive Council of the A.
F. of L., has recommended to the
government thatsthe principles of
the peace treaty be- applied to our
relations with Mexico. The Conn.
ell wants no trouble with cur
southern neighbor.& ssHaying inst
passed through a bitter struggle for
the overthrow Of autocracy and
militarism and for the development
OF justice and democracy" it SAYS
"and the United States being a
party in creating the principle of
the League of Nations whereby in
ternational war may be averted. the
Executed Council expresses the
Judgment that the principle in.
volved In the peace treaty Just
concluded should be applied In the
present situation between the
United States and Mexico.".
The labor world., 1919-09-20
MOTHER JONES' FINED $100
FOR HOLDING LABOR MEET

PITTSBURGH, Sept. 18.-Four or
ganizers of the American Federation
Of Labor, including Mother" Jones',
were fined 800 each yesterday by
Mayor Crawfard of Duquesne for at
tempting to hold a meeting of steel
workers without obtaining a permit.
They paid their fines under protest
"A score of persons in the audience
were fined SO on charges of disor-
derly conduct.
The other organizers arrested were
W. z. Foster, J. M. Patterson, and J.
L. Beaghen, who, with Mother"
Jones, are in the Monongahela va}-
ley working among steel workers.
The labor world., 1919-09-20
TORONTO ELECTRICAL
men FINALLY STRIKE

TORONTO, Ontario, Sept. 1S.-Two
hundred electricians struck to enforce
the majority report 4-of the board OF
conciliation appointed by the minister
OF labor to investigate the dispute be-
tween the Toronto Electric Light COLI
pany, Toronto Railway company and
the electrical workers resulting in a
complete tfe-up Of the street car serv-
ice.
After strike of II hours the COM
pany agreed to put into force the
award Of the board of education, the
men to receive under it's provisions an
increase of 16 cents an hour, effective
as from July I.