davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15
Labor Costs in Europe Forcing
Revision of Economic Theories

long stride forward and that in the future it
must be accorded larger share OF the wealth.
it produces. There is no more talk III Eng
land TO-DAY than there is in this country OF
reduction in the wages of labor. What the
British industrial leaders are preaching is the
gospel of quantity production ana the more
extended use of labor-saving machinery. Ihey
are trying to prevail upon the trades unions TO
abandon their pre-war policy of restricting out
nut and to forego their opposition to the de-
velopment of machinery.
For example: British weaVers nave sue
cessfully resisted introduction of the automatic
Ioom which has so enormously increased the
output of American textile mills. The British
mill owners now are citing the ability OF Amerl-
can manufacturers to undersell them IN the
worlds markets as an argument tnat tneir
workers must increase output If wages are to
be maintained. The British mill operative or
dinarily is represented rather a stupid per-
son. but he is able to see the force Of this
argument and British mills likely soon to
see installation of the automatic loom. I
X X X X
Reports reaching the departments of this
government having to do with labor and trade
conditions indicate that the wage advance in
France has been proportionately greater than
even that in England, and that, so far as any
thing can be determined to conditions in
Germany. it is still greater there Italy also
has increased wages to keep pace with wartime
prices and the condition appears to be general
among the European neutrals
Aroused as all the people of Europe are to
a determination to better their condition. there
appears no prospect that there will be any
thing like reversion to the wage scales and
the standards of living of the wage workers
that existed before the war.
That being true, it would seem to remove
whatever excuse American industry had for
holding back from full production The high
price level resulting from the is being
stabilized rapidly the world over. There
doubtedly in time will be recessions from this
level but they will be so gradual to con-
stitute no menace. The time has passed when
there was danger that the bottom would give
way suddenly.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15

* sSa6S& IN 81
HE3*tE p6bffesdtffIfies comm issi6ns
Of the states ana fnunidipa1i-
ties are going to be buster
during. the next few months
than ever before in their careers.
Congress is in the process OF en-
acting a Law returning the telephone
and telegraph wires to their pri-
vate owners, and once they have been
returned the, public service commits
sions will be flooded with demands
that the increased rates established
for telephone and telegraph service
during the period of government con-
troll be revised.
The people in the various commune
ties are going to demand that these
rates be revised downward. The COM
to insist that the rates be maintained
or that they be still further increased.
Between the upper and neither mill
stones the public service corporations
are in a way to become extremely I'M
popular. Under the law that will be
enacted by Congress the government
rates will be validated for a period
of from three to six months. accord
ing to the support given the Senate
or House provisions. 1t is expected
that the President will approve the
measure.
, Popular condemnation of the opera
ton of the wires under government
control has been widespread. 1t ap-
pears that no one has been satisfied,
neither the employees nor the public.
The companies are hungry to have
their properties returned to them,
or at least they are throwing a pretty
good bluff to that effect-notwith-
standing the government guarantee
of dividends, and the fact that if this
guarantee had not been made, even
with the higher rates. the companies
in many instances would have been
operated at loss.
The public expects to get cheaper
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15

~ EMAND in England that British indus
\ try be protected against the product
of cheap American labor is the lat
- est thing in international economics.
Parliament and the British Board of
Trade have become aroused and an anti
dumping BILL aimed primarily at the United
States is to be enacted into law.
This reversal of the old theory that Amer-
can industry required to be protected against
the pauper labor" of Europe is one of the
most startling products of the great war.
There is no we'll Informed belief that conditions
as they exist today will be permanent the
other hand, there is expectation that they
will revert to pre-war inequalities There will
have to be making of the entire struc-
ture of ~intertrade relationships. With the
present exception of Japan. and with China a
possible exception of/the future, the days of
cheap labor are gone among the great Compel
ing nations. at least so far as this generation
Is concerned. Quantity production and the
availability of materials to be the factors
determining supremacy in the wears to come.
Carrying Goals to Newcastle" has stood for
years a stock illustration of economic alb
surdfty. Newcastle is the center of British
coal production. Likewise, Birmingham is the
center of the British iron and steel industry
Within the last few weeks the city of Birming-
ham. which owns it's traction lines, re-
qured a large quantity of steel rails. An
American mill underbid the British mills, and
American rails will be laid in the streets of
Birmingham.
X X X X
The French government recently asked for
bids on 100000 tons Of steel rails. British steel
men were keen to land the contract. They fig
ured production costs down to the last farthng
and eliminated entirely any margin for profit
Yet American mills underbid them thirty shil-
lngs per ton and already orders for 100000
tons of the French requirement have been
placed in the United States
Reliable estimates place the labor cost OF
producing ton of steel in England at per
cent above the labor cost in the United States
The most recent quotations on Bessemer Dig
iron are $41.50 ton in England and $3.50 in
the United States. The French price is $50
a ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15
Foreign Educators Are Coming.

France and England will be repre-
scented at the convention of the Ma
.tional Education Association in MIL
waukee from juno % to July 5.
France will send Prof. Albert Fouii-
lerat. and England will send Herbert
Lewis of the board of education OF
London. Philander p. Claxton. United
States commissioner of education. will
represent this government
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15

A E: K !: {:
trade and other commercial or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15
OLD GUARD OF G. O. P.
SANS HORN, SANS HOOP
Progessives in Congress Make That Surprising
Discovery as Legislative Mill
Gets Under Way.
BIZ n, O. MESSENGER.

~ YHY. daddy. he hasn't any
horns at ALL" whispered
" the small daushtef Of
southern congressman
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15
M aEwBoLDs NeHNs.

:
sT HI abnorinaiitfss 81 Germany
prior to and during the great
war which has closed have
brought to the forefront the
question as to whether or not thu In
dividuals Of that nation, may not have
been. and may not still be- afflicted
as group with one or Smother type
Of insanity.
The question is usually answered in
the Affirmative. Bug quite aside from
the fact that it IA natural tendency
of the human Heart to seek partially
to excusey4o1i the grounds of mad
ness any given excess which appals
by its monstrosity, there seem to be
sound reasons. based upon psychology.
for the casually expressed belief that
the world has had to deal with a ma
ton of. the criminally insane.
Modern Germany may be judged as
a nation of possessed beings-of par
tial If not complete madmen. Cited as
the mad-dog of Europe. the Ger
man empire. running amuck in the
war-craze of its sixty odd millions
of Inhabitants. can today only plead
veritable mass insanity as a partial
amelioration for the bloody course
she elected and pursued.
Has Not Yet Recovered.
The fact that she has not advanced
this claim. standing before the bar
of world justice, is but further evil
dence of her unbalanced mentality,
proof of the fact that the shock of
self-inflicted mutilation has been
insufficient to restore fully her
healthiness of mind.
For Germany was mad. AS surely
as the medieval mind was an insane
mind. when Europe was the amuse-
ment park of madmen making mer-
ry over "holy'' massacres, the tor
lures Of the inquisition, witch-roast-
ings and auto-da-fes so surely was
the collective mind of the German
empire an insane mind. The forms of
her madness are recognized forms in
modern social-psychology. We find
'the breakdown Of equilibrium char
acteristic of the great collective psy-
chology." We find the fevered fear of
oppression known to scientists as
"paranoia persecutoria." And finally
we find the collective mind of the en-
pire, rapidly deteriorating under these
minor psychic diseases, crashing into
full and tragic insanity in the form
of homicidal mania, with it's complex
and disgusting lateral phenomena.
That the manias and superstitions,
the frenzies and panics of Europe in
the dark ages, resulting from a thou
sand years Of assiduous culture of re-
ligious fears in the hearts of the I'M
enlightened, may be correctly classed
as insanity is not to be doubted. The
period has been described by an emf
nent authority in the following terms:
Medieval European Madness.
Times in which abnormal social
suggestibility was displayed upon a
grand scale, times full of mobs, riots,
of blind movements of vast human
masses, of terrible epidemics ravag-
ing Europe from end to end. They
were ages peculiar for the seemingly
strange fact that whole cities. ex-
tensive provinces, great countries
were stricken by one mental disease.
Men went mad in packs. in tens of
thousands. An obscure individual in
some remote country place went off
into fits Of Mysteries. and soon nations
were struggling in the commissions Of
hysterical insanity"
So 1t was with the nations Of the
middle agea--held AZ mental as well
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15

FRANKLIN r. ELLSWORTH,
Now serving his third term as mem
Der Of the House. has announced his
candidacy for Governor Of Minnesota.
He is a member Of the committee on
interstate ana o<n commerce Of
TIA House
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-15
GERMANY, A NATION OF MADMEN,
LED TO RUIN BY A MAD RULER
Mass Insanity, Like That Which Afflicted Europe in
Medieval Ages, an Explanation of Hun
s4s5 AaHass34 Lust for Blood.
Lust for Blood.

scrupuioas asss sss ~ l Il w s
With Germany III the twentieth ceh4
tury. The German nation went rnad
in packs. in tens. Of thousands, and
only the strait Jacket. Of the a1liAd
victory saved Europe and the world
from this throwback of the dark
ages. Let US trace the course Of
Teutonic insanity which eliminated in
the blood orgy OF 1914.
Psycho-analysts are today discourse
ing at length upon the double con-
seriousness Of human beings, discourse
which carries the theory Of a crazy
self in normal man above and beyond
the vapidfties of parlor hxpnotists.
The theory reduced from the scientific
terms of psychology to lay English
means simply this: That man has a
primary self which belongs to him.
self and secondary self that be-
longs to others. With the first he
is a rational, self-controlled indi-
vidual. With the second he is a
negative self. plastic to the sugges-
lions and controls of any overload
ship. From this second self springs
collective madness. A nation which
permits the elevation of the negative
self to the obscuring Of the individual
self, which emphasizes the values of
COLLECTIVELY to the total loss of in
dividuality, is placing itself in line
for a reaction precisely similar to
that which followed this practice
prior to the dark ages.
! Forty Years Going Mad.
Germany did this thing. For the
past forty-odd years, ever since the
mania for success bit into their brains
at the close Of the Franco-Prussian
war, the insidious ideal of collectiv-
ity has been before the subjects Of
that nation. With human individual
ity given free reign in the more en-
lightened countries of the world,
course which insured their future
health of mind. the overload of the
Continued on Third Page.)
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

them, with the result that many rats
died between the two layers of ice. 1t
is thought this will cause a great
shortage of rats next season.
Personals.-Miss Ella Ferguson,
daughter of the late Lieutenant-gov-
ernor Colen Ferguson, of Blackbird, IS
very i'll with influenza at the home of
her aunt, Mrs. T. B. Brockson.-John
D. Clayton, crossing watchman at the
railroad crossing who has been sick,
is able to be out again.-Miss Florence
Heinold, of Wilmington, is visiting her
mother, Mrs. Cora Heinold.-Marion
E. Hodgson, is visiting relatives in
Wilmington.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
CHESWOLD.
Stanley Massey Given Birthday Sur
prise-LOcals and Personals


prise-LOcals and Personals
Cheswold, July 14.-Mr. Taylor of
Dover will take up blacksmith work
at the ]. Boyd's shop.
Stanley Massey was given sur
prise party last Wednesday evening,
at his parents, home. The occasion
was his twenty-frst birthday, a large
number of young folks were present,
and jolly time was enjoyed by all.
Ice cream and cake were served.
Personals.-Mr. Dell Hardcastle is
visiting Mr.. Edgar Boggs.-Mr. and
Mrs. William Grant and Mrs. Bowen
spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. H. C.
Bowen, of Cheswold.-Mrs. Laura
Bostic, spent Tuesday with Mrs.
Bertha Casson.-Mr. and Mrs. John
Hurd, of Smyrna and Miss Nellie And
erson, spent Sunday with Mrs. Helen
Streets.-Mrs. w. r. Preston, is
spending a few days with Mrs. Ben
Wallace.-Mrs. Anna Jewell is visit
ing her son, Mr.. Frank Jewell, near
Kenton-Mr. Chandus Buckson. of
Seaford, spent Saturday with his sis
ter, Mrs. Mamie Edward
Turner, spent Sunday with his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Dan Turner
Billy Ford spent Thursday with his
grandmother, Mrs. Ida Wallace.-Mrs.
John Conner, of Blackbird, is visiting
Mrs. E. K. Perry.-Misses Anna
Pearson, Marion Helms, Mr. Stanley
Massey and Allen Scarborough, mo-
tored to Wilmington, Sunday.-Miss
Clara Rash, spent the weekend with
friends in Philadelphia.-Mrs. Mary
Cooper has returned from a visit with
her son in Brooklyn, N. Y.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
KENTON.
DIR. f. f. Smith Hastened to Hospital
to be Operator Upon for Appendicitis

DIR. f. f. Smith Hastened to Hospital
to be Operator Upon for Appendicitis
Kenton, Jan. lathe Kenton
Branch of the Red Cross have had
orders to discontinue knitting and all
members are requested to finish their
garments as soon as possible. Our
Membership drive was an entire sue
cess having secured 314 names to our
list
DR.. E. F. Smith our popular and
we'll known physician suffered an at
tack of appendicitis last week. He
was taken to the University Hospital
in Philadelphia and was operated on
on Saturday. At this writing he is i'm
proving and his many friends will be
glad to welcome him home again.
Mr.. Gilbert Downs, son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Frank Downs near town, while
trimming an apple tree last week had
his foot badly mashd when a limb fell.
Mr. Gilbert Garrison met with a
very painful accident last Saturday
afternoon when his arm was caught in
the cog wheels of a gasoline engine
while oiling it. Mr.. Garrison's arm
was mashed but fortunately no bones
were broken.
Personals. Mrs. Katherine Attix and
Mrs. Susan A. Williams have returned
home after spending three weeks with
Mrs. Elizabeth Bryan, in Philadelphia.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
NEWS OF CLAYTON.
And Local News Budgets from ChesvVoId, Kenton
Biackbird, Townsend, Thoroughfare Neck,
GepsiC, Brenford, and Their Vcinities.
TOWNSEND.
D. p. Hutchinson Appointed Deputy
Recorder of Deeds, New Castle County

d. p. Hutchinson Appointed Deputy
Recorder of Deeds, New Castle County
Townsend, Del, Jan. 14.-Republi-
can leaders of Appoquinimink hundred
feel pleased with the appointment
made by Mr.. Furman G. Cole, of David
P. Hutchison, of Townsend, as clerk in
his office of recorder of deeds of New
Castle county. Mr.. Hutchison has
been an active and lifelong Republi-
can in Appoquinimink hundred and
was Levy Court commissioner from
this hundred several years ago.
Henry Gill, local restaurant keeper,
has sold his restaurant and business
to William H. Jones also of Townsend; !;
terms private. Mr.. Jones has been
for several yaers connected with
George M. D. Hart and Son grain
dealers and will occupy his restaurant
soon.
Mr.. William C. Money has sold his
farm near Salem M. E Church. this
farm having been in the Money family
for over 68 years
Rev. Orvey Gibson, wife and son,
WOlcott, of Shanghai, China, were
visitors at the home of w. C. Deak-
yne, COrbit Reynolds and William
MOffit, during the past week. Mr..
Gibson, who has been a missionary
teacher in China for the past eight
years, is from Mt. Vernon. Ohio,
where he and his family have gone to
remain until April.
Personals.-Lieut. Harry E. Hick-
man, of Camp Dix, N. j., has returned
to Camp after an extended visit with
his father-in-law, Harry Austin
Miss Ethel Maloney, of Townsend, is
visiting Mr.. and Mrs. Francis H. Lat
tOmus, of Wilmington.-Wa S.
Money, ST., spent Monday and Tues
day in Dover.-JOhn Townsend, Sr,
spent Tuesday in Wilmington.-N. w.
Van Horn has returned home after an
extended visit in Florida.-Mrs. Sallie
Rasin, of Still Pond, Md, will be the
guest of her sister Mrs. John Lat
tomus during the remaining winter
months.-COrbit Reynolds and wife
and their daughter, Catherine, and
sons Harold and James, were recent
guests at the home of Mrs. Sallie c..
Pratt, of Clayton.-Captain Paul
Jacobs was the guests of Miss Ethel
wyn Maloney during the past week.
Captain Jacobs was in service in
France for six months, and is now
leaving for Hawaii.-Paul Hodgson
and Miss Edna Hart have returned to
Western Maryland College after two
weeks visit at their homes here
Lieut.. Hart Scott returned to Hamp-
ton Roads, Va, last Thursday, after
spending ten days furlough at his
home here.-Leonard Dickinson and
family, of Nashville, Tenn, have been
visiting at the home of B. G. Locker
man and family the past two weeks
Rev. Earl Shockley and wife, of Sher-
wood, Nd, have been visiting Mrs.
Lottie Wells and Lemuel Shockley and
family for the past week.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
BLACKBIRD.
Muskrat Trappers Report Small

Catches so far This Season.
Blackbird, Del. Jan. 14.-Muskrat
trappers along Blaclbird marsh report
very poor catches for two weeks ow-
ing to the marshes being frozen. Old
trappers say that the marshes froze
while many muskrats were out in the
reeds; the heavy tide came in and
flooded the traps and froze above
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

Clayton property seems to be in
much demand and there are practi-
cally no houses which have not been
rented. This speaks we'll for the pro-
gressiveness of Clayton and the need
for more buildings.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
l. LUTHER LAPHAM
W. H. Collins. Auctioneer.
F. E. Postles, Clerk.
WANTED.

Overseer and Matron at Kent Coun-
ty Aims House. Applications must be
filed at the Aims House on or before
Wednesday, February 5th, 1919
Benjamin c. Collins, President of the
Board of Trustees.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

On account of the influenza churches
and schools have closed for several
weeks. There being some improve
ments, the schools have opened and
churches held services for the first
last Sunday, January 18th. The con-
gregation and choir of st. PauPs M.
E. Church held a little Donation
Bee" The pastor, choir leaders and
Organist were the recipients of sub
stantial sums of money as a good of
fering at this holiday season.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
1S Cows R
AND 2 BULLS

This is a very fine lot of Holstein and
Gournseys. all but four three years old,
and have been raised from our heaviest milk
ers. Mostly fresh and calves by their side
by day of sale. Don't miss this lot you
won't find this kind again
3 BROOD SOwS. to farrOw about March 1st.
FARMING IMPLEMENTS, &c.
Peerless Thresher. in good order Marsails
six-hoe Corn Shelter. good as new; Saw and
Bench, in good order; Thresher Belt. been
used one season; Star Cob Mill good as new
Stone Burr Mill. all in order-Millers should
have this mill. it is the same as is used in
all mills, and is in perfect order; Southern
Cotton Dray, good as new this wagon is the
handiest wagon / ever had; Farm Wagons,
in good order; Six-spring 60-basket Tomato
Wagon, good as new; SiX-spring 30-basket
Tomato Wagon, good new Low-down Flat
Wagon, very handy Horse Carts. in good
order Stock Wagon, in good order; Family
Carriage, Runabout Top Buggy, York Car
riage Courtland; Sleigh and Bells. 2 Caf-
frey Carriage Poles. good as new Deering
Binder, all in good order Deering Mower all
in good order; johnson Mower, all in good
order l5-Spout Grain Drill, in good order
Potato Planter. Iron Rollers, ! two-horse,
| one-horse. and Hand. all in order: Side
Delivery Rake. Hay Loader, Oliver Riding
Plow, new; three-horse Syracuse Plows,
one-hOrse Syracuse Plows, Potato Plow, 2 Sui
key CultivatOrs, Grass Wheelbarow Seeder
6 Hand Cultivators, Scratch Harows, Deere
Corn Planter, Power Sprayer. good as new :;
Sprayers, with 100-gallon Tanks Set of
Jones Scales, weigh 100 pounds Randall Har-
row. Spading Harrow. Orchard Harrow, Three
Section Iron Drag Harrow. Tomato Three-row
Marker, One-hOrse Rake. Shovels Hoes
Spades. &C., Sets of Wagon Harness, 2 Sets
of Carriage Harness, 10 Sets of Plow Harness
! Sets of Log Harness. 10 Work Brides, 20
Collars, 10 Halters, l Block and Fall, 300 As
Quart Crates, in good order 500 Cantaloupe
Shucks. Pony Standard and Jumbo.
HOUSEHOLD GOODS
Delavel Cream Separator, and Dairy Uten-
slls. Bedroom Suits, Rugs. Mattings, Chairs,
Coudhes. Carpets. Trunks. and a lot of other
useful things, too numerous to mention.
TERMS-All sums of $50 and under cash
will be required; over that tnount a credit of
months will be given. by the purchaser Civ
ing a bankable note with approved security
No goods to be removed until terms are COM
piled with.
/. LUTHER LAPHAM
| w. H. Collins. Auctioneer.
+. Z. Postles, Clerk.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

The sixty-seventh annual meeting
of the Delaware Railroad Company
was held at the Dover station, Thurs
day afternoon, at which time the an
nual report was submitted, showing
gross income for 1918 to have been
$486, ,845.66, a decrease over 1917 of
$11,719.85. Profit and loss statement
showed amount credited to this ac-
count December 81, 1917, to have been
$618,812.05. Less debit balance for
year, S615,726.13; balance to credit
December 81, 1913, 1864, ,517.37;
amount paid out for construction re-
pairs, etc, during year, $358,764.45.
Directors elected for the year were:
Henry Tatnall, Joseph Bancroft, Will
mington; George V. Massey, John P.
Green, Philadelphia; John Dennis,
Baltimore, Md, Walter o. Hoffecker,
Smyrna; John HUM, Wyoming;
James J. Ross, Seaford; S. S. Penne-
will, Greenwood; Nicholas B. john
son, Pennington; William T. Records,
Laurel; DR.. B. w. Goldsborough, Cam
bridge, Md, A. P. Corbit, Odessa;
William Watson Harrington, Dover;
Edward Hart, Townsend.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

There is a strong sentiment for
Clayton Town Council to take up the
subject of better streets this year.
Some would like to see concrete road
bed street thru the business section.
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15
PUBLIC SALE

The undersigned having rented his farm will
sell at Public sale on hsfarm road leading
from Clayton to Kenton. l mile from Clay
Smyrna times., 1919-01-15

This is a very fine lot of Holstein and
Gournseys, all but four are three years old,
and have been raised from our heaviest milk
ers Mostly fresh and calves by their side
by day of sale Don't miss this lot as you
won't find this kind again.