East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1919-07-08
ARTICLE \ (CONTINUED)
Chances of War lscmotc

There is third answer tS people
who object that Artivle Y is likely
to involve us in wars all over the
world.
Those who look to the successful
operation of the League do not ex-
pect war at ALL The obligation OF
the members of the League to inn
pose in the first instance universal
boycott against a recalcitrant faith
less member constitutes a most
formidable threat against any member
seeking to violate Article Y or the
covenants of the following Articles
Such boycott will be a withering
ostracism and isolation of nation
that few could endure No single
nation, unless it be the United States
or some of the greater South Ameri-
can nations. could live if denied food
and raw materials from the rest of
the world, and if forbidden the use of
s foreign market for the sale of their
products.
'.NIinotory'' Influence
Second. no nation would willingly
face the overwhelming force of the
world organized to punish it for viola
tion of its covenants. The minatory
influence of world League. with its
members obligated to unite in
economic and military pressure, #
need be, can hardly be exaggerated.
OF course if a number of nations en-
tered into a conspiracy to fight and
subdue the rest of the world, then this
minatory influence might not be con-
trolling but in that case all the MEM
bers of The League would wish to
i1in in the war, just as they did in
this. and defeat such a conspiracy and
vi1dicate the power of the League
for its useful ends.
What We are now answering is the
objection that there will be "a lot of
little wars all over the world. in which
We shall be engaged, which will claim
our money and our men. 1t is iE
restraint of the smaller to bully a
weaker one that the minatory effect
OF the League will be so controlling.
The result will be that the League
having the power completely to s.tp-
pi ess the bullying nation viii not
need to exercise that power. Indeed
it is hardly too much to say that the
rations of the League will never need
to 60 beyond the effective discipline
of universal boycott. But il such
a war does break out in which we
shall oeem II our duty to intervene
under Article. X, or the other articles
one instanc of suppression by the
joint forces of the League will be
lesson fer the world, not needing
repetition. 1t will be worth ell it
Icosts in demonstrating that the way
of the transgressor who breaks the
covenants of the League will be hard
Lessons From History
This conclusion as to the minatory
effect of the covenants of the League
ani the organization of its members
to enforce them does not rest merely
on an priori reasoning. We have in
cur own history striking corfirma-
tion of it. In 1923, The Holy Alliance
consisting of all the powerful nations
of Europe. except Great Britain gave
indication of an intention to aid Spain
in recovering her lost colonies in this
Western Hemisphere. We hal lecos-
nized the independence of thoss colo
MES, Canning, the British Minister for
Foreign Affairs, urged upon President
Monroe and John Quincy Adams. the
Secretary of State, the wisdom CT unit
ing with England in a League to resist
the Holy Alliance in cverthrowin;; the
ind dependcuce of these new American
states, Thomas jefferson was con-
suited, and he advised making a
League with England, which he said
would not be an entaHgling alliance
against which he had warned his
but would be justified by
It's gI eat public purpose. Monroe and
A dams, however. thought it wiser TO
act alone. John c. Calhoun, the Sec
retary of War, advised stronsix
against sole action. Nevertheless, !
President Monroe in his Message of /
hat year, made the declaration which /
nas since been known as the Monroe I