davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-09-05
CONFIRMS PERSHING
BY A RISING VOTE
Senate Makes Him Permanent
General.

WASHINGTON, Sept Amid applause
from Senator's and spectators, the Senate
in open executive session unanimously
confirmed to-day the nomination of John
J. Pershing to the permanent rank OF
General of the Regular Army. as a
reward for his services as commander of
the American Expeditionary Forces. AS
mark Of special honor a rising vote
was taken.
The special act reviving the rank for
Gen. Pershing makes his title General
Of the Armies of tho. United States"
and provides that no officer shall take
precedence in rank over him. The rank
has not been held since the death of
Gen. Sheridan.
Chairman WadSworth IN. W. in
making the reQuest for immediate con-
sideration of the nomination in the I'M
precedented surroundings of an open ex-
ecutive session, declared Gen. Pershing
had commanded "the greatest military
expeditionary force In history" In point
or the number OF men and the distance
they were transported.
At the request OF Senator Thomas
(CoL) Senators rose to record their votes
and when Vice-President Marshall an
nounced that the nomination had been
confirmed. Senator Phelan (Cal) led the
applause which swept the floor and gal
leries.
The sun., 1919-09-05

The Hon. ELIHU RooT said yester
day to the judicial section of the
American Bar Association:

The Hon. ELIHU RooT said yester-
day to the judicial section of the
American Bar Association
THE real reason for criticism OF
the courts is not that the people nave
lost faith in the courts and confidence
in our Judges, but that they have
come to where they want less and
less to be bound by law"
We do not believe, nor do we think
Mr.. Roof believes, that the people are
weary of the laws that have been re-
spected throughout the centuries.
What makes the people tired Is the
endless, footless mass. of statutes
most of them never needed, born only
to be forgotten or ignored.
The people are. made tired by the
dull procession of commissions which
waste paper and ink ana the reports
of which fill dusty shelves but no bel
lies or pockets.
The people are tired by. and of,
statesmen who invent. substitutes for
human nature, for the Ten Command
ments, for the Common Law and for
the law of supply and demand.
The principal offences Of to-day are
against the law of common sense.
They give the people an indescribable
WEAKNESS.
The sun., 1919-09-05
MILK BOTTLE WASTE.
Evidence That Il Adds to tho Price
the Consumer Pays,

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sr: In
the investigation Of charges that COM
bination Of milk dealers had been formed
to boost the price of milk the District
Attorney said that the former presi-
dent OF the Borden's Farm Products
Company had told him that n quart
about eleven or twelve trips to the door
Of the consumer.
The former president also denied that
there was an inner ring Interested in
the manufacture OF milk bottles, and
secuted the idea that the milk compa-
MES encouraged the breaking and nom
return of bottles 30 that more would
have to be purchased.
All of which Is very interesting to the
public, as there has been a widespread
belief that the waste in milk bottles
has been a prominent factor in the
steady increase Of the cost OF milk. That
there has been some justification for
this belief Is evident from a report made
by dairy experts of the Department of
Agriculture who conducted an invesu-
cation into the waste of millions Of
milk bottles annually. The gist of the
EopOrt Whb titht tho dNcEbBe wv
tie made only seventeen trips before it
was broken or lost, and for every Gus
toner who had a quart Of milk delivered
at the door each day the dealer in the
course OF a year had to supply twenty
new bottles
Moreover, we have It from Elkin
Nathans, who was secretary of the New
York Milk Conference Board, that 'the
loss through the misuse and destruction
of milk bottles on the part of the con-
sumers is a very heavy item of expense
and is one of the wastes in connection
with the distribution Of milk which tend
to increase the cost to the consumer"
Any one who lives In an apartment
house and has paid a visit to the cellar
where the empty bottles are thrown
around by the milkman will not be bit
surprised to learn that millions of bottles
are wasted annually. CONSUMER.
NEW YORK, September =.
The sun., 1919-09-05
Buying n Blanket.

Customers of the United States Gov
ernment In it's sale of surplus army
blankets have had a thorough edu-
cation In the merits of the retail mer-
camille system built up by private en-
terprise to serve the public which they
should not soon forget.
The Government sale was a bar
gain sale, conducted as well as the
Government could conduct 1t. Gus
toners went to one army building and
there put In their orders without an
opportunity to examine samples of
the goods offered. On another day
they were told to go to another army
station, where deliveries would be
made. This station was damned with
would-be purchasers of blankets. The
customers had to depend on the
printed descriptions Of the various
grades of blankets, examination of
the stock being impracticable under
the circumstances. They paid cash
and carried away their purchases.
Some of them made two or three trips
to the distributing station, and some
of them were not satisfied with the
blankets when they got them home.
This was an unusual experience for
the man or woman accustomed to the
shop service Americans have been
brought up to expect, which was
slightly modified during the war, but
will undoubtedly be restored, If It
has not already been restored. Under
normal conditions a man who wants
to buy a blanket walks into a COM
Portable store, examines the vari-
Gus grades on sale, picks out the ar
ticle best suited to his needs, exam
ines 1t for quality of material, work
manship and color. says "I1l take
that: send 1t to my house." and pays
for It or has 1t charged to his ac-
count, as the case may be. The
blanket is delivered by the store
keeper. and when 1t is in the Gus
TUNERS house II he doesn't like Il
The sun., 1919-09-05

not justify such severe criticism Of
the operators IL II were expressed in
less ungentlemanly language. 1t is
not true that politeness is lost on the
energetic, helpful young women who
maintain wonderfully even composure
and good temper under the strain Of
switchboard work.
Our experience with telephone OPP
orators In this town has covered a
good many years and "a great many
thousands Of conversations. We have
been treated politely In the remote
and the recent past; years ago and
yesterday. Frequently telephone opera
tors have been of great assistance to
us out of their natural kindness and
their commendable pride in their oc-
cupation. Our experience has taught
us that telephone operators are in
telligent, keen, good tempered and ex-
traordinarily patient under provoca-
lions major and minor.
These young women, WHO perform
an essential task In modern life, are
unable to ANSWER back" to the
thoughtless and quick tempered who
frequently speak sharply to them and
sometimes abuse them in a most rep
rehensible way. THE SUN salutes
them. thanks them for their unfailing
courtesy to 1t in the past, and as
sures them that mighty few New
Workers share the unfavorable opinion
of their manners held by the user Of
the phrase which inspired these in
adequate sentences.
The sun., 1919-09-05
TRADE BRIEFS.

Consul General Frederic W. Cooling re-
ports from Guayaquil that the first cargo
OF Oregon pine to reach that part Of Ecua-
dor In many years arrived during May.
The British Food Controller advises that
owing to uncertainty as to supplies he had
decided to maintain the control of prices
for beef and mutton throughout the winter.
The Wilson Line of Hull England. which
has an agency in Venice. italy. announces
that the regular steamship service be-
tween Venice and London and other Brit
ish ports will not be resumed.
The Installation OF a water and electric
light system for Tamative, the principal
port OF Madagascar. Is under considera-
ton by the authorities there, and the
project has the approval OF the Governor
General.
The increasing demand for furs in Japan
has induced group of prominent Japa-
nese business men to organise q company
with a capital OF $3.50. 900 TO engage in the
raising of foxes. It is proposed to import
the first stock from Alaska.
According to a prospectus issued n COM
pany is soon to be established at Singapore
known as the Singapore Motor Taxlcab
and Transport Company. Ltd. the object
of which Is to provide the city with an
up to date transport system.
The largest bridge that has ever been
built in Malaga, consisting OF fve spans
each OF $50 feet and hvo spans each of
100 feet. making a total length OF 1000
feet, 10 about to be built over the Kelan-
tian River on the East Coast Railway.
One result of the war has been a great
increase in the sale OF food products of
all sorts from HonEkong and South China
to Central and South American countries.
A large portion Of the $4,000, 900 worth
Of rice shipped from Hongkong to the
United States in 1918 was destined even
tuaily for Mexico. Central America and
South America.
Customs returns OF the Commonwealth
OF Australia for the year 1917-1s. made
public. show an increase OF 81 per cent.
over pre-war figures In imports from Amer
lea aud an increase OF more than 900 per
cent In exports thereto. Total trade be-
tween the two countries In lelT-Is
amounted to 1924. 254.B1o as compared
with set.44eo24 In 1919 and sTb2s7. a2o
IN iei1-lh.
The sun., 1919-09-05

Greeting has by some been thought
to be expensive. But is it?- Since July
/. 1913, 1t has extracted from the
Presidents emergency fund only s2.-
100000. Reports conflict as to what
1t cost the country to be creeled for
fourteen months before that date, but
Mr.. FoRpNEY Of Michigan says he is
going to find out. Well. well The
lady who became a philosopher re-
marked that she had found every
thing she liked to be expensive. in
digestible or immoral, and it may be
that creeling may be indexed by philo-
sophical historians OF the war not I'M
der expensive" but one Of the other
classifications.
The sun., 1919-09-05
Shot Through.

One phrase in Mr.. WILSON'S re-
marks at Columbus yesterday will
command instant attention as 1t is
read in many troubled parts of the
earth's surface.
He described the treaty as "shot
through with the American principle
of letting the people pick. the Gov
eminent"
&. Shot through with self.determina-
ton. for example, In Shantung, in
Fiume, in the Saar Basin, In Monte
negro, in Mesopotamia. in Egypt, and
elsewhere, including Erin!
There will be widespread belief that
an error in Transcription has &C.
Cured, and that what President VII
SON did really say at Columbus was
that the American principle Of let
ting the people pick the Government
is shot through by the treaty.
The sun., 1919-09-05
Protecting American Big Game.

With the opening Of the season in
certain States and the Territory of
Alaska, as well as In certain Prov
inces Of Canada, for moose, deer, an
telope, bear, caribou, elk. and noun
tain goat and sheep, it is of interest
to review the legislation of 1919 and
see how big game Jared at the hands
of the lawmakers. Forty-one of the
forty-four States in which legislative
sessions were held made extensive
changes In the game laws.
Maine had provision In its game
laws which permitted its residents to
export deer. A Federal investigation
disclosed that residents of Maine and
New Hampshire had been illegally
shipping large numbers of deer to the
Boston markets. Judging from the
number Of convictions secured in Fed
eral courts for illegal shipments, the
Maine deer herd was being depleted
rapidly by illegal methods. The con-
yictions so impressed the Legislature
Of Maine that not only was the stat
ute repealed but the use of moose and
deer meat was prohibited in lumber
camps. The latter provision is doubly
important, for this year for the first
time since 1915 there is to be an open
season on moose in Maine covering
the last ten days of November.
While Missouri and Wyoming pre-
scribed close seasons for does through
out the year. and Ohio and West Vir-
ginia for all deer, New York, Texas
and Vermont repealed laws protect
ing does. Only one province in Can
ada heightened the season on deer,
Nova Scotia adding a week to the
open time. Maine. New Mexico, Yer
mont and Wyoming cut down their
deer seasons by periods ranging from
five to fifteen days, New York and
Ontario reduced the bag limit from
two deer to one deer.
Nova Scotia shortened the season
on moose by two weeks. Wyoming
cut the open time on mountain sheep
six weeks and extended the protec-
ton on moose and antelope until 1925.
On the other hand Alberta heightened
the open season two weeks on noun
tain sheep and goats. Saskatchewan
closed the province to elk hunting and
West Virginia continued the close
term on these animals until 1927.
Wyoming shortened the open season
for elk two weeks. reduced the limit
from two to one a season, and re-
pealed the provision permitting a res
ident to kill one additional elk under
special $40 license. Montana modl-
fed the elk season In certain coun-
ties and opened a few counties TO
hunting which heretofore had been
closed. Idaho heightened the season
two weeks on elk in counties having
an open season.
Take 1t all in all, beneficial and
The sun., 1919-09-05

Close following receipt of the re-
port of the firing on American avia-
tors by Mexican soldiers there issued
from the White House expressions of
doubt as to which side of the boun-
Diary line the airmen were patrolling.
It is therefore of interest to consider
this language Of the report: with
Lieutenant JOHNSON, Captain McNABB
was flying slowly up the river when
suddenly a group Of Mexicans fired
a volley of shots at the airplane,
wounding McNABB near the ear" 1t
is clear what aroused White House
doubt. The men were flying slowly,
"loafing." as the airmen say, there
fore presumably were hurried and in
a high state of excitement; they were
flying close to the river. which is there
the boundary line. therefore did not
know on which side of the river they
were. Distance lends not only en-
chantment but accuracy to the view.
The sun., 1919-09-05
About Telephone Operators.

A broker of this town, whose name
we suppress here because he now
probably regrets his hasty words and
broad generalization, told City Mag
lstrate in the Washington Heights
court the other day that "being po-
lite to telephone operator is the
same as casting pearls before swine"
Even the telephone service New
Workers are now getting, which in
efficiency is far below that TO which
they have been accustomed, would
The sun., 1919-09-05
REDS LOST KEY IN
TWO DAY BATTLE
Success Of the Anti-Bolshevik
Forces in Russia Is
Confirmed.

LONDON. Sept. 4.-Confirmation OF the
occupation of Kiev by the forces of Gen
Denikine, the anti Bolshevik leader in
southwestern Russia, has been received
by the War Office. Gen. Denikines
troops took the town after two days Of
heavy fighting.
A wireless despatch sent out from
Soviet headquarters in Moscow and
picked up here yesterday announced
that anti-Bolshevik forces had occupied
the southern outskirts Of Kev. The
despatch added that tho fighting was
proceeding.
The War Office considers that the &C.
cupation of Kiev by Gen. Denekne
insures a junction between the forces
of Gen. Denekine and Gen. Petlura, the
Ukrainian leader. The Bolshevik thrust
toward fharkov is believed now dehn-
itely to have been countered and Dene-
klne's left centre again appears to Be-
secure.
The War Office has received no con-
firmation OF yesterdays Soviet Govern
ment wireless despatch from Moscow
reporting that Admiral Kolchak, head OF
the All Russian Government, had evac1-
ated Omsk and transferred HIS head
quarters 20 Irkutsk. Unwillingness was
expressed to accept the report at this
time as true. in view of the indications
recently that the Kolchak forces were
stiffening their defense against the Boil
shevild.
Il, ~..Nv. an
that the Bolshsvik advance has slowed
up materially in the last fortnight
More than one thousand persons were
executed by the Bolsheviki before they
evacuated the city OF Nekater1noslay, IN
Southern Russia, according 10 des-
patch received In Constantinople from
that city giving an account OF the mas
sacres by a physician who was the prln-
ctpal medical expert present at the open
ing of the pits into which tho bodies
of these victims had been thrown after
their executions. This physician, Dr.
Robin, declares the victims heads had
been crushed with hammers and then
bodies badly mutllated. Many OF them
he says, were found with broken less
and ribs caused by blows with sledge'
hammers, specimens OF which were
found in the vicinity.
The physician tells OF the case Of ono
officer who missed being struck by W
firing squads bullets and escaped M
Bolsheviki who came along bayonetn%
the wounded by Stimulating death.
The Bolshevik organizations in one
city had been headed by a workman
named Valiavka and various Chimes,
the report adds. ana the prir"iral posu
of the Soviet Administration undei "e'.,
were in the hands of young men anu
women. Wholesale plllaging Is de'lasS
to have occurred in the town before ]"
evacuation.
The sun., 1919-09-05
who Would Have Believed 1t.
This pertinent question is asked by
our esteemed neighbor the World:

our esteemed Deighbor the World:
"on September 4. 1918. who would
have believed that within twelve
!, months 1t would be necessary for
President WILSON to set forth on a
tour of the country to plead for the
ratification of a treaty Of peace the
terms Ct which had been dictated to
. German republic by the victorious
Allies and Associated Powers?"
There is another question, also look
ing backward, which seems to THE
Sun quite as interesting and timely
as the foregoing.
On April %, 1919, who would have
believed that within five months il
would be necessary for President
WILSON to quit his post Of duty and
set forth on tour Of the country to
plead with his country for a man.
date favorable to his League of Ma
tions and his covenant?
For that was the date on which
President WILSON assured the Peace
Conference, without hesitation and
without qualification, that he came
TO Paris already In possession Of that
mandate. He then said:
IF We return to the United States
without having made every effort in
our power to realize this programme,
r oh
& acorn of our fellow citizens. For they
: are a body that constitutes a great
democracy. They expect their lead
ers to speak their thoughts, and no
] private purpose of their own. They
(, expect their representatives to be
THAR servants. We have no choice
but to obey their mandate. But it
d with the greatest enthusiasm and
! pleasure that we accept that man
date; and because this is the key
8 rtnre of the whole fabric, we have
pledged our every purpose to it, as
We have to every item Of the fabric.
We would not dare abate a single
item of the programme which con-
stitutes our instructions"
Who that believed him then would
have believed that this frantic quest
Of mandate, this pursuit of instruc-
lions from the American people, this
desperate appeal for support, could be
necessary within five months Of the
day when he made those misleading
representations to Europe?
The sun., 1919-09-05

Mr.. WHITE OF Kansas, who thus de-
scribed himself to the House. ~ am
a new and bashful member and am a
young man." also described two very
oashful and comparatively young
States thus: II want to say to you
that the great States of Illinois and
Iowa are the two best pieces of dirt
in the world" Young Mr.. WHITE
knows that dirt is matter out Of place.
Where on earth, then, does he expect
TO place those two great States, and
how in the world will he find space
big enough for them?
The sun., 1919-09-05
In establishing special preparatory

In establishing special preparatory
schools for sailors DESTROYS Of TAX
ing the entrance examinations at the
Naval Academy the Navy Department
completes its plan for Offering oppor-
tunity for advancement to the enlisted
men. In the last three years, when
the number of enlisted men who might
enter the Academy was set at 100,
the greatest number admitted was
thirty-three, a deficiency which seems
due to lack Of proper mental training
for the tests rather than to absence
of enthusiasm for this opportunity
among the enlisted personnel. That
the first honor man and the most pop
ular man OF his class last year at An
napolis was an enlisted man who had
won his appointment to the Academy
illustrates the quality of the material
which is obtained by this system.
The sun., 1919-09-05
The Redeemed League OF Nations.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN-Sir:
have no objection to the United States
Joining the League OF Nations after
Knox and Lodge have completed their
work. These Senators (noted for
brains and patriotism before President
Wilson's reputation reached as far as
Hoboken) with their associates are
hard at work trying to make the treaty
say what the President says It was
intended to mean. and when they have
accomplished that the thing isn't worth
a damn anyway, so why should any
one object to joining? NJ. d. p.
NEW YORK, September 4.
The sun., 1919-09-05
LAST OF FIRST IN TODAY,
Five Transports VIII Bring $3.50
Fighters From Brest.

Five transports are due here to-day
with 5,7S9 officers and enlisted men,
practically completing the homeward
movement of the famous First Division
The troopships due are the Zeppelin,
which left Brest August 81; the X. l.
Luckenback. from Bordeaux via Brest !;
the Freedom. the De Kalh and the Aeo-
lus, all from Brest.
Brig Gen. A. Mcintyre. commanding
the First Field Artillery Brigade, is
aboard the Zeppelin. while Jack" Gen.
Pershing's horse, is said TO be on the
Luckenback. The Zeppelin also has
aboard fourteen war brides and one
child.
The sun., 1919-09-05

According to the reports from
Washington that on August 30 the
national debt was greater by s7O6,66s.-
Ill than It was on July 80, It seems
that the lines OF the unknown poet
should be altered to read:
Count that month lost whose last
accounting day
Finds not the bill increased which
Uncle SAM must pay"
The sun., 1919-09-05
EVENTS TO-DAY.

Public organ recital by Dustin Wright,
Trinity Church. Broadway and Wall street,
1880 p. NJ.
Eleven Months in Soviet Russia" will
be the title Of the illustrated lecture BY
Wilfred r, HUMPHREYS at the Lenox A..
sembiy Rooms. 256 East Second street .
p. NJ.
Open Forum, discussion led by w. La.
throp Meaker who will preside, ~ Bowery,
p. NJ.
Dinner to 100 picked Australian soldiers
en- route to the University of California
NaJor-Gen. John +. Organ will speak,
Harvard Club, p. NJ.
The sun., 1919-09-05
A Bourbon Resurrection.


While exploring a small cave near Re-
nick Station on the l. n. Railroad. near
Shelton Irwin, road supervisor.
discovered seventeen quarts OF bottle in
bond whiskey under a layer OF stones
Each member OF a section crew. working
near by, is said to have received a quart.
The sun., 1919-09-05

The esteemed HdndeIsbIad of Am
sterdam says that former Emperor
WILLIAMS baggage is being shipped
from Germany to his recently pur-
chased Holland residence. AS the bag
gage must be carried much of the dis
lance over Government owned rail-
roads It is evident that WILLIAM hopes
to move into his new home early next
spring.