davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
Whole System of Courts
Martial in Army Needs
Revision, Senators Told
Boys Sentenced to Die
Officers in France Clamor-
ing for Execution When
the President Interfered
Nem York Tribune
Washing gton Bureau
BY theodore NJ. knappen

WAShlNGION, w Feb. 13.-Plcturlng
the administration of justice in the
United States army as one, rather, of
injustice, Acting Judge Advocate Gen
eral Ansell, testifying before the SEN
ate Military Affairs Committee to-day,
presented such convincing indct-
ment Of the whole system of courts
martial that the Senator's admiration
for his forensic ability was only
equalled by the Indignation aroused by
his narrative Of particular instances of
the miscarriage Of military justice.
Senator Thomas expressed the feel
ings of every member of the committee
when he said that he did not wonder
that with such abuses continuous and
persistent it had been difficult to get
men into the regular army in time Of
peace.
Members of the committee were par
ticularly aroused by General Anscll's
account of how four boys had been
sentenced to death in France in def
ance of their constitutional rights and
how General Pershing, the whole staff
of the American army in France and
the "combined power of the War De
partment" had clamored for the carry
ing out of the executions.
Two of Them Ill
Two Of these boys offended by re-
fusing to fall in for drill and the other
two fell asleep on post in the face Of
the enemy There were extenuating
circumstances in all four cases; the
soldiers were not given the benefit of
competent counsel, did not understand
the gravity of their situation and were
in no way assisted by the judge advo-
cate Of The military court Their coun-
sci were green first lieutenants, who
seemed to have little more apprecia-
ton Of the requirements of the occa-
sion than the accused themselves
The two men who refused to fall in
for rollcall were physically incapable
of doing so, owing to Interpretation
from exposure while OH duty. The two
men who slept on post had been on
outpost duty five nights in succession,
with two hours on guard and one hour
off, and We're so situated that it was
impossible fer them to sleep during the
daytime.
In their case execution of sentence
could not be carried out until sane
toned by the War Department. This
sanction was readily given, and it was
only by chance that the Presidents at
tention was informally directed to the
subject, with the result that the four
boys had their sentences committed to
a moderate punishment.
Many Similar Cases
General Ansell told Of many other
similar cases, which he seemed to con-
slider as typical rather than exccp-
tional. One was that Of drafted boy,
who, within his first month in the
army, was found by lieutenant smok-
ing a cigarette while on kitchen duty.
The lieutenant told the boy to stop
smoking and demanded that the box Of
cigarettes be handed over to him. The
young soldier refused to comply, told
the officer to go to hell and added an
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
Mayor HyIan Feb. IL,
Then Again on Feb. I3

"THERE are a lot more poor
men than there are rich
ones. I don't care what traps the
'ach ones are trying to set for me.
l am sticking By the poor ones."-
Mayor Hyla't on, February 1e.
palm BEACH, Fla, Feb. 13.-
The dinner dance given at
the Country Club here last night
by E. Clarence Jones, of New
York, was the most important
that has occurred this season, and
by far the most brilliant affair
since the beginning of the war.
No one but the invited guests
was admitted to the club. There
was dancing on the broad moon
lit veranda, with the rolling
surf on one hand and a stately
forest of palms on the other.
The dance lasted all night, and
at dawn broke up into wheel
chair parties which rolled through
the jungle, and then breakfast
at Bradley's before going to bed.
Among the guests were Mrs.
Hermann Oelrichs, Justice F. X.
Pendleton, Mrs. Charles B. AL
exander, Senator Davis Elkins,
the Duchesse dqsChaulnes, Leon
ard Replogle, Mr.. and Mrs. Pierre
Lorillard Barley, and
Mayor Hylan, Mrs. Hylan and
their daughter, virginia.
''This is the most wonderful
place in the world" said the
Mayor to-day, "for a man who is
held down with detail to break
away for a rest.'
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
Preparing to Play
His "Trump Cards.

From what he told me about the
armlstlce negotiations it is not diff
cult to trace the main outlines of his
strategic plan. Indeed, he scarcely at
tempts to conceal it, so sure is he of
himself. He evidently considers that
he holds the trump cards and plays
them with consummate skill for all
they are worth and possibly for a
good deal more.
First, the Entente governments are
supposed to be afraid of Bolshevism.
This he manifcstly regards as Ger
many's greatest asset. 1t is obviously
to his interest and that of Germany
that he make the menace Of Bolshe
vism loom as large as possible to the
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
British Did
Not Join i'm
L. S. Threat
Balfour Ordered Censorship
ON Dispatches to London
limiting at Farley Transfer
By Frederick Moore
New York Tribune
Special Gable Service

OPSctUt Cuote OeTOtce
Copyright 1919. New York Tribune lnc)
PARIS, Feb 13.-The first press
kilograms sent from Paris to the
United States announcing President
Wilson's desire to remove the confer
ence to another capital were not ex-
plicit and indicated that two or more
delegations desired the removal. Al
the same time the papers were sug-
gesting that Great Britain and America
were in accord in their opposition to
the general attitude of the French.
British Foreign Minister Balfour, on
learning the nature of the kilograms
going to London and New York, Mon
day evening interfered and imposed a
censorship on the dispatches to Lon
don lest the impression be given that
the British delegation likewise sought
transfer of the conference. He also
communicated with the American dele
cation and endeavored to have the
messages to the United States stopped
Whether he was successful or not is
not known here at present, conflicting
reports being given to the CORE
spondents.
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
" aite Goods Workers
'ote TO Strike Next
" eek; 10000 Effected

a. ,''~efS ,,fS IN the White goods industry
IA ~ 'ofS, numbering approximately
~. ~ Toted last night to 20 out on
sfn yep ~as taken at meeting Of
e. '"''aoefz, mostly women, Of White
vb,~ ..s 1'eai 81, at Cooper Union.
tkorizs,a sseolution was adopted au-
Dr. .s,nk tne executive committee TO or
$780,, gasSeut some time next week. The
~ ~e-'-ss+.s' s---------.--a-.--.
eonttnued nm 3oge four
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
Trying to Prevent Passage

TIfE PLAZA TO-NIGHT
Special Dinner Dance IN the Grin
ID1m from 1880 o'clock Dinner
nt $500 per cover, or u Ia carte.
s-.Adyt,
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
Revolt Begun
In Runania:
King 9 Wounded
General Uprising to Form
Republic Is Reported;
Bucharest i'll Uproar

BERLIN, Feb. 12 BY The Associated
Pres s).-A general insurrecton is in
progress throughout Rumana, accord
ing to a special dispatch from Vienna
King Ferdinand has been wounded
slightly in attempting to fee.
Work;ngmen blocked the roadway
from the royal palace in Bucharest
when the royal family attempted to
flee to Jassy, and the King and his
family were forced to return. The
King was wounded when the workers,
according to the report, fired upon the
royal palace.
Rioters Fill Streets
Rioters in the streets of Bucharest
are openly demanding the overthrow
of the dynasty, crying: "Down with
the puppets Long live the Republic!"
The "Vilag," of Budapest, learns
that the revolt is part Of the Boil
shevik propaganda In clash between
the military and demonstrators at
Bakorst sixty persons were killed and
$50 wounded.
The discipline of the Rumaniaa
army, the newspaper adds, is collaps-
ing. The food and economic situation
is rapidly growing worse and the
country's finances are completely de-
moralized. The position of the Bra.
tiano Cabinet is declared to be un-
tenable
Revolt Long Brewing
Since carly last December there
have been recurring reports of grave
disorders in Rumania. but there never
has been any official confirmation or
any statement from the Rumanian gov
ernment on the internal situation. On
December it was reported that Bucha-
rest was burning, but the report was
denied the next day, and December
King Ferdinand and the royal family
wero welcomed to Bucharest on Their
return from Jassy, which had been the
temporary capital while the Germans
were in possession of Bucharest
Dispatches received in Vienna from
Budapest January 2S said that a peas
ant revolt had broken out in Rumana
and that many had been killed and
wounded in fighting in Bucharest.
This report was not confirmed.
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
WEATHER

Rain and warmer to-day; rain and
colder tomorrow; southeast to south
winds, becoming south to-day. and
shifting to west and south
west tomorrow
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14
A Commission of One

The disagreement between Mr.. vii
son and other egates-for it
is not alone the French with whom he
has disagreed-is typical. He himself
has said he did not like "the conflict
of strong minds" He has no such
conflict with the American delegation.
Indeed, the American delegation func-
tions in his presence only TO the ex-
tent of Colonel House and Secretary
Lansing
The system Of conducting the peace
conference by the tive-power group of
ten men eliminates all Americans from
the conference except President Wilson
and Secretary Lansing, and the latter,
naturally, has little to say in the pres
ence of the President Colonel House
has reverted to serving the President
as in the former capacity, privately,
and largely as a go-between.
For example, there seems little
doubt that when the friction reached
its height Colonel House was the
means of conciliation
Lapses of Temper
Mr.. Wilson is known to be thin
skinned and sensitive and "the conflict
of strong minds" at the peace table
has several times caused him to lose
his temper. The delegates from the
British Islands have made it point
to get along with him amicably.
The Italians evidently feel that they
are at the mercy of the British The
colonials and the French, however.
have been exceedingly frank, while the
Japanese have not as yet come into
serious controversy with the President.
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14

Continued on neat page
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14

Continued on page nine
New-York tribune., 1919-02-14

ALL MERCHANDISE ADVER-
TISFD IN THE TRIBUNE
is GUARANTEED
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

GOVERNOR ALFRED f.
~ SMITH, in his inaugural adj
dress yesterday, urged the recon
structlon of the present Public
Service commissions and the par
tltion of their present functions.
He asserted the belief that the
junction of constructing railways
for the City of New York should
be divorced from the function of
regulating public service corpora
tlons generally.
To this end he suggested that
supervision Of the construction of
the clty's rapid transit lines be
vested in Rapid Transit Com
missioner. He also proposed that
the Public Service commissions
be reduced to one commissioner to
each district.
Not only will this result in an
economy Of administration" he
said, "but it will be productive of
results"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Smith Urges
u. s.
T. IN mis- On
New Governor Asks Legis-
lature to Change Law to
Remedy Transit Evils

ALBANY. Jan. I'm his inaugural
address tonight Governor Alfred E.
Smith foreshadowed the appointment
OF more state commissions. notably a
reconstruction commission to handle
after war problems, milk commission
to deal wtth the price controversy
among producers. distributors and cuit.
sumcrs, minimum wage commission,
and Rapid Transit Commissioner to
suppant the Public Service Commits
SONS in charge Of the construction Of
the New York City subway system.
The new Governor recommended the
reconstruction of The Public Service
Commissions He said he believed in
single headed commissions "to the end
that responsibility may be fixed upon
one man"
More Revenues Needed
In the matter of taxation Governor
Smith said it was necessary to recoup
revenues. dwindling on account of
falling receipts from excess imposts,
Continued on last page
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Shonts Says
InterbOro Is
Starving g, Too
Sees Fate Like B. r. T.'s
Unless Eight.Cent Fare Is
Granted the Company
Whitney Asks for Aid
Service Commission Head
Asserts Help Must Come
to Prevent Crisis Here

Theodore P. Shonts, president of the
lnterborough Rapid Transit Company,
declared yesterday that the INTERIOR
ongh was being Starved into bank
ruptcy," and would follow the Brook
lyn Rapid Transit into the hands Of a
receiver unless an increase to an Scent
fare were allowed.
Mr.. Shonts's statement took the form
of letter copies of which were sent
yesterday to Mayor Hylan, the Board
of Estimate, which passes on all pub
lie utilities and all raises, and the Pub
lie Service Commission
Coming on the heels of the B. r. T.
collapse, the Shonts statement indi
dated that New York City is facing the
biggest transportation crisis in it's his
tory, according to Travis H. Whitney,
acting chairman of the Public Service
Commission.
Labor and Material Higher
Unless municipal ownership is mt
into operation or increased fares
granted, he predicted an enormous in
crease in the cost Of transportation to
passengers through the breaking up Of
lines by bankruptcy.
President Shonts. in his statement.
blamed the Increased cost Of labor and
material brought about by the war for
the fact that for the year ended June
80, 1918, there was a deficit in earn
ings of s2,927,256 over the amount the
company was to receive under it's CON
tracts. He stated that the deficit bv
June 30, 1919, would have increased to
l1,766,256, and by 1921 to approx
mately $3o,oo0,00o.
II the fare remains at s cents dur
ing the next three years, Mr.. Shonts
declared, the city would have to nav
out s12,000,0o0 on it's investment in the
lnterborough subways, whereas if An
5-cent fare is allowed the city will NOT
nave TO pay out a cent and will in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Pope Asks Blessing for Z. S. Aims

II OME Dec 31n New Years
day the Associated Press Pope
at l peace conference might result
League Of Nations the abolition
nent Of tribunals adjust international disputes The
On the Of the which humanity S
JOY the blessings of glad greetings
the American people the champions of those which
nave been proclaimed by both President Wilson
ensullng for the world justice and Christian
I'm this solemn moment, when the
world about to begin that the Almighty shed His
light delegates who
of mankind and especially President Wilson
the noble nation which has written
of human progress
May the conference be of such any
SENTIMENT abolish forever brothers.
and concord and useful labor Out of
there be born that League Nations which,
ing concrpton, will reduce which, establishing
ternationa tribunals will eliminate settle disputes;
peace upon guarantee evrv-
Independence and equality of rights"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Manchester Cuardian''
Says U. S. and Britain
Stand Behind Wilson

LONDON, Jan. 1-"President vii
son returned to France yesterday. II
was time says "The Manchester
Guardian" in commenting on the
speeches Of Premier Clemenceau and
Foreign Minister Pichon and the diff
ference in the views expressed by the
French statesmen and President Will
son.
The difference in views" it con-
tinues, "is palpably acute and cannot
be CLOSED over. 1t is better not to
gloss it over but to face it and haye
our differences"
Declaring that the Allies had ac-
cepted President Wilson's fourteen
points in the armistice terms and that
these points were the policy of Amer
lea and Great Britain, "The Guardian
concludes:
IF our friends among the Allies re-
Ject it-well, they will have to make
their own peace and dispense with our
assistance"
There has been gossip in the Lon
don newspapers during President Will
sons visit that he had asked King
George and Queen Mary to visit the
United States during his term of office
and that the invitation might be sc-
cepted. "The Standard" says to-day
that it understands that when biddinw
the King apd Queen farewell, Pres,-
dent Wilson said he hoped to see them
in America shortly.
such visit" says Ths Standarsr
ealtoriallya "wQBld ha ~ rrprscsdsntsa
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Al-Day Battle
In Arctic w ON
By Allied Army
Americans, Russians and
Poles Rout Bolsheviki
and Advance IA Miles
Take a Dozen Villages
Drive Down Omega River
Made on Sleighs and
Bitter Fighting Results

ARCHANGEL, Dec 81 BY The AS
socisted Prer-,N. An Allied force com
posed of americans, Russians and
Poles on Sunday advanced fourteen
miles southwark along the road bor-
dering the Omega River. They met
with considerable resistance from the
Bolshevik, but captured more than a
dozen villages and did not halt until
they had taken the village of Gogol.
Starting from the village Of Kalo-
vangi early Saturday morning, Ameri-
can forces took the village of Prilaki,
where there is large monastery
They continued the advance in hot
fighting Sunday and had not yet been
halted up till late Monday. Sleighs
are being used to transport the Allied
soldiers.
First Push Of Winter
The advance, the first attempt
OF the winter was carried out
under semi Arctic conditions and
and in the few hours of day
light which obtain in this region. The
village of Gogoli is approximately y
eighty miles south Of the town OF
Omega and about forty miles west of
the frozen swamp which forms the
Allied positions along the Vologda
.re;'road. -
The road along whlcn thc ALLIES sad
vanced leads in the general direction
of Vologda and crosses the railway line
at an important strategic centre from
which the Bolshevki have been oper-
ating.
American troops yesterday recapt-
urcd the village of kadish, on the mid
die sector OF the front, and to-day
pushed forward their lines two miles
south Of the village in the direction Of
Nologda.
American Losses Light
The recapture OF Kadish was marked
by some heavy fighting, in which. how
ever the American casualties were
C0ufiuuc1 NJ, MI oo fo,,,.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
245l Troops on Ship Aground Off Fire Island
President LeaDes Paris on Visit TO Rom
Surrendered U-B00ts
Are En- Route to u. S.

T ONDON, Jan. l. German
IL submarines which have
been surrendered are being di-
vided among the Allies, accord
ing to "The Mail" The news
paper says that fifteen go to
France, ten to Italy, seven to
Japan and four to the United
States. The U-boats turned over
to the United States are said to
be now on their way across the
Atlantic
The newspaper does not speci-
fly the manner in which the rest
of the 127 surrendered sub
marine are to be allotted.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

fhc vessel lay broadside on with
Miic of shore and between two and
1nres miles from tho Fire Island light.
ore was almost directly abreast Of the
basai radio station and within few
mics o. where the cr1isey San Diego
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

Hurry 10 the Geo. NJ. Col.an Theatre
broadway spd A3rd st. It's 81 riot
--Advd Il
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

Continued on page four
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

Conttnued on pogc three
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02
Discussions With King
and Premier To Be Con-
tinued in Eternal City
POincares PAY
New Years Call
Executive Colts for Hour
at ST. Cloud, Then Visits
House for a Conference

PARIS. Dec 81 Bv The Associated
Press Pres ident Wilson left Paris
to-day enroute TO Rome, where he vii,
be the guest Of King Victor Emmanuel
During his stay in the Italian capital.
he VIII visit the Pope and also the
Methodist College. and will continue
ms Conference with the King, Pre-
mler Orlando and Baron Sonnino, the
Foreign Minister. Some important re
suits are expected from this visit.
which will be the last to the Allied
countries before the beginning of the
peace conference.
Immediately after breakfast this
morning, the President vert with Mrs
Wilson ard Rear Adr..ral Cary 7.
Grayson, his personal physician. to tho
beautiful st. Cloud course under gray
rut rainless clouds, .atG PLAYED golf
FOR an hour
Quiet Family Party
There was quiet family New Years
d'naeg at flia Murat nsns;ca.. D. sos -
ness was Put before The Pres}aes
HIS only departure from The inicnc
ton OF Admiral Grayson to devote the
day to complete relaxation and repose
came in the afternoon when he re-
ceived New Years call from Pres
dent and Madame Poincare and later
visited Colonel 7dward NJ. House. with
who he conferred. Beyond this. he had
no appointments.
The conferences in Rome with the
Italian statesmen will, in stnse, be
continuation Of those held here when
King Victor Emmanuel visited Paris
and the President also talked with
Premier Orlando and Foreign Ministe.
Sonnino. The results Of Presiden,
Wilson's conferences with the British.
Premier David Lloyd George, and For,
eign Minister Balfour, which have no.
yet been fully disclosed, probably vii,
have an important relation 70 the con
tinuation Of the conferences with the
Italian leaders.
L. S. Commission Ready
The working machinery of the Amer
can commission has heen thoroughly or
ganzed during the Presidents absince
IN England, and everything virtually is
ready to begin business when he re-
turns from Italy. There apepars no
reason for altering the forecast made
four weeks ago that President Wilson
intends to be back in Washington be
fore the closing of the American Cor
gress on March 4, or that, if necessary,
he will return TO France early in the
spring to continue his work. There
are. however, some indications that the
Presidents hope that his return will
not be necessary may be realized.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

American LOSSES Light
The recapture OF Kadsh was marked
by some heavy fighting, in which, how
ever, the American casualties were
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-02

Contained on last page
The evening herald. [volume] (Albuquerque, New Mexico) 1914-1922, 1919-08-20
lLMER FIGHTS
| A BILL TO FIX
RETAIL PRICES
OF FOODSTUEFS
'torney General Tells House
Committee Such n Measure
Would Be Too Drastic and
Would Delay other Measures.
kGEs PENALTIES
FOR PRoFITEERING
|commends That the Lever Act
BE Amended TO Include Control
over Wearing Apparel, Fuel
Ipnd Fertilizer.

Aus. &C. Proposed
|endmentH TO the food control act
lien would authorize the president
uN wholesale and retail prices Of
|tain commodiiics. were strongly
|posod today by Attorney General
Inner.
|AppearinK before the house aFri-
|tnre committee TO uTt;e speedy en-
Imeut OF additional laws 20 help
HUGE the cost of living, the attorney
'icral declared such executive power
luid be too drastic. ana would pro-
be 50 much debate In congress as
delay passage Of ether amcnt-
'nis suggested by the depa rtment
Justice.
|rhe department has recommended
't provisions OF the food control
he made applicable 60 wearing
unrol. n.al and fertilizer. WIN
vy penalties for profiioerinE.
Exemption from prosecution under
food control ACT Of any retailer
$ opposed hy the attorn"N general.
H. nlsu asserted that penalties
+ 'pnld he imposed Tor profiieerinE
. producers organizations, cgnducicd
a profit
dIt ia your desire To reach every
H. Ter dir'ctly7' asked Repre- .cntn
h Mclaughlin. republican. Michi-
b.
/ Yes. sir" answered Mr.. Palmer
I 8phuticuily