davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture)
Misleading pictures and other de-
vices appearing on the labels Of foods
I, form 81 msbrnndlng against which
housewives win do well TO be on their
Guard say the officials Of the bureau
~ chemistry, United States depart
ment OF agriculture, In charge of the
enforcement Of the federal food and
drugs act Many prosecutions and
seizures are made IN the enforcement
81 the law TO prevent this subtle form
or misbrnndlng.
Inconspicuous statements In fine
print are placed on the illustrated Ia
bel In many Instances 10 correct os-
tcnsihly the misleading features Of the
picture or other device. However, as
the picture or device attracts the at
tcnrion ut once. while the inconspicu.
Gus corrective statement cnn he seen
only hy u most careful scrutiny Of the
label. the purchaser l. certain Ia be
mislcd unless attention is directed TO
the exact wording of the entire Ia
bel.
The picture of an olive tree and a
map of Italy on the label OF bot
tie OF oil leads the average housewife
To expect an Italian olive oil. hut a
careful reading of the fine print on
the label will enable her sometimes
to discover that the bottle contains
La.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20
Professional Enemies Of Crocodile.

There are men whose business II Is
to catch crocodiles and who earn their
living by that means. And whenever
human being has fallen victim a
professional crocodile catcher is asked
to help to destroy the murderer. and n
large reward offered him. The ma
jority Of natives will not interfere win
the reptiles. or take any part In their
capture. probably fearing II they do
anything Of the kind they themselves
may some time or other suffer for Y
by being attacked by a crocodile.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20
USE FOR MUscADINe GRAPES
Pulp Left When Making Jelly or Grape
Juice Furnishes Ideal Basis
for Paste.

tPrepared by the United States Depa:i-
ment OF Agriculture)
All kinds Of fruits make delicious
pastes which are more wholesome than
candy and which may be served In Its
place. One Of the best-aavored varle-
ties of fruit paste is made from the
Muscadlne grape. When these grapes
are available the wise housekeeper
uses some for that purpose. The pulp
left when making jelly or grape juice.
furnishes an ideal basis for the paste.
Full directions on how to make 1t and
different ways to utilize It may be had
by writing the United States depart
ment Of agriculture for Bulletin No.
1893.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20

coffee In that particular package was
produced IN South America.
The picture Of n maple leaf on n
eau If sirup carries the fancy Ia the
delicious flavor and sweetness of the
product from Vermont. inducing pur-
chascrs to pay more than they would
pny n they noted the Statement In
very small type on the bottom of the
label that the product Is corn strip
favored with cane.
When Quantity Is Camoufiaoed.
The use Of panel bottles which ap-
pear 10 have a capacity Of four ounces
| Of fnvoring extract. but which on ac-
count Of the thickness and contour Of
| the sides cannot be made to hold more
I than two ounces. Is an old practice to
deceive the housewife in regard tn the
quantity. Even when the quality of
contents Is marked on the hottie. the
| purchaser Is likely to judg" the guam
/ tity more by the size Of the bottle.
which Is 81 apparent. than by an in
/ conspicuous statement, which can he
seen only by close observation.
A more recent device FOR making II
little bit OF pepper or spice look Ike II
whole lot Is u six-0unce tin package
with shaker top which. because II
cannot he removed without destroying
the package. prevents the purchaser
from observing that there are only two
ounces or less In the package
Deceptive devices appearing on the
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20
KIDNEYS WEAKENING?

Kidney troubles don't disappear Of
themselves. They grow slowly but
steadily, undermining health with
deadly certainty, until you tan VIC
tim 10 incurable disease.
sop your troubles while there In time.
Don't wait until little pains become big
aches Don't trine with disease. To
avoid future suffering begin treatment
with GOLD MEDAL Haarlem OIL Cap
sules now. Take three or four every
day until you are entirely free from
pain.
This weil-known preparation has been
one of the national remedies 81 Hol-
land for centuries. In 1896 tho govern
ment Of the Netherlands granted a
special charter authorizing its prepara-
ton and sale.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20
LOOK OUT!

The housewife Of Holland would al
most as soon bs without food ~ With
out her Real Dutch Drops" ~ she
quantity calls GOLD MEDAL Haarlesn
oil Capsules. They restore strength
and are responsible In a great measure
for the sturdy. robust health Of the
Hollanders.
DO not delay. Go to your druggist 80
insist on his supplying you with GOLD
MEDAL Haarlem Oil Capsules. TAXI
them as directed. and n you ara not
gladly refund your money. Look for
the name GOLD MEDAL on the beR
and accept no other. In sealed b0xse
three sizes.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20
Ice and Cleanliness.

II Is common knowledge that the high
or the temperature the quicker meat
will spoil, but the family's supplies ART
not absolutely ut the mercy Of the Their
mometer. Ice and cleanliness are two
great weapons Of defense.
The central record. (Lancaster, Ky.) 18??-current, 1919-11-20

II every home-there are 20.OO0.0OO
Of them--should waste on the average
one-half cupful Of milk daily It would
mean a waste of 2.5O0,00O quarts daily
-9l250O.O00 quarts year-the total
product of more than 100000 cows.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
In the tests for officers, the engineers
ranked highest

determining factor in the tests result,
Professor Terman says this: CAL such OBJ
Jections may be disposed of by saying that
the competent examiner can easily control
the experiment in such way that the en-
barrassment is soon replaced by self-con-
ildence. and in such way that effort is
kept at its maximum. AS for mischievous
deception. it would be a poor clnicist who
could not recognize and deal with the little
that is likely to arise. 1t is possibly true
that even if the examiner is tactful and
prudent an unfavorable attitude on the part
Of the subject may occasionally affect the
not seriously to invalidate one examination
out Of five hundred"
Nor is Professor Terman referring here
to tests Of those on the mental level of
candidates for entrance to college, but
rather Of younger subjects With regard to
the possibility of coaching on these tests
by those who have gone through them, he
says: Experience shows that there
is little likelihood of such influence except
in the case of a small minority of the
tests. Experiments in the psychology of
testimony have demonstrated that ability
to report upon a complex set of experiences
is astonishngly weak" He gives the ball
and field test perhaps most liable to
be described for the information of another
who Is to be examined
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
Connecting Memory
And Imagination

"Decisivc intellectual differences among
human beings remarks Professor Tcrman.
are not greatly dependent upon mere sense
discrimination native retentiveness Far
more important than the raw mass of sense
data is the correct shooting together of the
sense elements i'll memory and imagination.
This is but another name for invention. 1t
IS the activity Of the mind which gives the
seven league boots to genius. 1t is, how
ever, a kind of ability which is possessed
by I'll minds to q greater or less degree"
One could devote great deal of space to
what was accomplished with these tests in
the army both in the officers training
schools and among the privates and non
CONS. The last two years have been by far
the greatest years American psychologists
ever knew. Their work was the founda-
ton of that army of individuals whose ca
liabilities had first been investigated and
then trained, which, when it got to France
showed up what the Kaiser fondly believed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
Find the Ball.
And Enter College

This ball and field test is interesting, and
typical OF the sort of things would-be en-
trants of Columbia going up against
The subject is told that ball has been
thrown into circular field and lost there.
He must draw q circle which doesn't quite
close, to leave an entrance, and then show
by lines how he would so search the field as
to make certain not to miss the ball. There
is more than one way to do it and thus sat
lsfactorily answer the test. The usual cor
rect answer is to draw q spiral beginning
at the entrance TO the field and converging
on the centre, but transverse lines almost
or quite parallel and joining at the ends
would cover the field as completely, as would
also concentric circles The real point is
that the subject form an adequate plan and
show practical judgment
1t is possible that this ball and field test
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09

IN the tests received general honors'-I am
quoting from a recent report of the Car
negie Foundation--'while five Of the seven
lowest in the test failed in more than half
of their work and left school The top
seven all made moro than 1876 credits in
three years, the middle seven averaged 90
credits each in three years, and of the
lowest seven the two who did not leave
averaged but Sc points each in the three
years.
"The tests here at Columbia consisted of
five in mathematical achievements includ-
ing graph test; four in English achieve
ment, including paragraph reading, range of
vocabulary, completion of sentences and
verbal relations; five in physics, and the
Stenquist construction test. These did not
follow the Binet scale at all, and show the
sort of thing that has been done rather
than what is going to be- but are along the
same general line of investigating men
tality.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09

was the greatest military machine the world
ever saw. The clear showing made by
psychological tests in 1917 and 1918 has
been such that American universities which
pretended to keep pace with progress were
bound to take it into account
In a recent address before the American
Association for the Advancement of Science,
of which he is e-president, Professor
Thorndike told much Of intense interest
about the work of the scores of psycholo-
gists whose work was put to such practical
use during the war.
"Anthropology and psychology" he said,
Economics and statistics, history, socio-
ogy and education, were put in service to
improve our use of man power, just as the
physical and biological sciences were put
IN service to increase. economic and mo-
billie the nations physical resources
AT one of the environments, within q
few months time, over 10000 men were
given uniform standard of intelligence
test and as direct result of it, 600 men who
would have been detriment and even a
positive danger to their fellow soldiers were
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
From Adam to the
Peace Conference

THE Stenqust test is of interest. In it
the student receives box divided into six
compartments, in each of which there are
assembled mechanical device and the
pieces necessary to construct it, The first
contains simple piece of harness, the
second a snap switch, the third door lock.
the fourth an electric bell, the fifth clock
work, and the sixth an electric pull socket.
The student has fifty minutes in which to
complete models from the loose parts, and
MS score depends on the number of finished
models he constructs within that time.
We cannot wholly do away with the old
style examinations just yet, however In
New York State the Regents examination
is required by law and there are some
schools whose students we are obliged to
examine, and then we shall want check on
these tests. 1t would hardly be fair in any
case, to refuse to admit students except on
these tests without more warning to those
who have been preparing for our regular
entrance examinations. We have for some
time required a health record and, of
course, character record, and we purpose
to add to the intelligence tests one of a
certain number Of questions, perhaps a hun
dred, on subjects of general nterest-all
the way from thesdays of Adam and Eve to
the peace congress-. A candidate who fails
to measure up satisfactorily in these psy-
geological tests may still be admitted to
college on his record in entrance examna-
lions and his preparatory school record, but
we shall earnestly seek to separate the fit
from the unfit.
lone thing we do hope for Columbia
from this plan is that many boys from the
West and South who have been accustomed
to enter college on certificate-you know
Yale, Harvard, Princeton and Columbia are
the only colleges which have required en-
trance examinations from graduates of &C
copied schools for a number of years past
will come here. Their chances of passing
these tests would be likely to be as good
as those of boys from Eastern schools, while
under the conditions which have prevailed
they would have had to review four years.
work and cram for some time to pass our
entrance examinations"
There will doubtless occur to the reader
to whom the novelty Of this new college en-
trance test makes strong appeal the ques-
ton as to whether such tests can be an
Piled only by experienced psychologists. If
so, their scope would be limited, Of course,
but the consensus of opinion among scien-
lists Is that this is not SO, that SO long as
the tests are scientifically arranged by a
trained psychologist their success does not
rest in the experiences Of the examiner.
Professor Terman's book, "The Measure
ment of Intelligence" is the standard work
on the subject, and more work along these
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09

take him away for another days hiding.
But my father had forestalled me by rising
still earlier, and he had fastened nv net
in the pen.
Il knew them" continued Lincoln, as he
and Greene halted momentarily, "there was
no hope for my pig. I did not eat anv
breakfast. but started for the woods. wber.
fingered until heard my pig squeaI and
then ] ran faster than ever to get AWAY
from the sound
Beng quite hungry at midday, started
for home. Reaching the edge of the clear
ing, saw the hog, dressed, hanging from
the pole near the barn. began to blubber.
just couldn't reconcile myself to my loss.
could not stand it and went back into the
WOODS again, where I found some nuts that
SATISFIED my hunger till night, when | re-
turned home.
They could not get me to take any Of
inc meat; neither tcnderloin nor sausage
nor souse; and even months after, when the
cured ham came on the table, it made me
sad and sick to look at it,
The next morning" continued Lincoln.
i went into the yard and saw some OF the
reminders of the butchering. Taking bio
chip, scraped the scattered blood and hair
INTO pile and burned it up. Then found
some soft dirt, which I carried in tina fold NJ
my tow shirt, as had carried my pig. and
stro"ed It over the ground, to cover up
every trace of what was TO me an awful
tragedy. The new dirt did not do its work
very WE'LL said tho speaker, smiling some
what sadly, "for to this day whenever sec
a pig like the little fellows we just met In
the road, 1t all comes back to me-my net
Pig our ramblcs in the woods, tho scenes
OF my noyhood, the old homo end the dear
ones there.s
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
Useful i'm PiCkinQ
Leaders

'The work has followed two main l;nes
which we may call mass work and ANALYTICAL
work. These, of course, shade into each
other and almost always cooperate. but the
distinction will be helpful, at least for pre-
sentatlon. In mass work it was nossihIa
for the camp psychologist to give substan-
tial aid IN such matters the discovery
Oh men whose superior intelligence suggests
thelf consideration for advancement; the
discovery of men whose low grade of in
telllgence renders them either a burden or
menace; the selection and assignment to
development battaions of men who are so
inferior mentally that they are suited onlv
to special work; the early recognition of
the mentally slow as contrasted with the
stubborn or disobedient."
Professor Thorndike quoted in detail the
results Of the psychological examination
or army recruits from civil occupations.
which show that the lowest scores were
made by farmers, laborers, miners and
teamsters, and the highest by army chap
ialns and engineer otncers, with Y. M. c. A.
secretaries and medical officers Just below
them.
This shows conclusvely," he continued.
"that in the sort of ability measured bv
the test, skilled mechanics and tradesmen.
men who work, with tools, are in general
very closely alike and very low-near the
level Of the unskilled laoorer; while cieri-
cal workers are in general very high--near
the level of professional men. Either the
clerical worker is man of much greater
intelligence than the blacksmith, carpenter,
locomotive engineer, machinist, toolmaker.
gunsmith or assembler, the ability meas
ured by the test is very much specialized,
or both of these statements are true in a
more moderate form
The matter is one of great Importance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09

ne would rub against my legs and stop in
front of me and lie down in a sort of
wheeling way and say, in the language
which | undcrstood Little Abe whv don't
you carry me, the same as you used tor
when he grew larger" continued Lin
coin, with hearty laugh, az turned the
tables on him and made him carry me; and
he did it just as happily and cheerfuIv as
ever performed the same service for him.
rather fed him complies of it-and how
ne did eat! He grew large~-too large for
his own good and mine. There was talk
around the house OF the hog being about
Fat enough to kill. At the dinner table one
day heard my father say that he was 60
ing to kill the hog the next day. My heart
was as heavy as lead.
The next morning was the beginning of
tragedy to me. There were omnous signs.
There was heavy pole resting on crotched
posts near the barn. Father had barrel
OF water ready, and was heating the stones
that were to be thrown into it to make hot
water for the scalding was sud
denly seized with determination to save
my playmate. slipped out and took him
with me into the woods When father
found what had happened, he yelled as loud
he could:
You, Abe, fetch back that hog! You.
Abe, fetch back that hogl'
THE louder father called, the further
and faster we went, till wo were out OF
hearing of his voice. We STAYED in the
woods TIL night. On returning / was Sc
vereiy scolded. Father and mother OK
planned to mo that we could not keep the
hog through the winter for me to play with
that hogs were meant to be killed for
food But | was not convinced. After
restless night, rose early and slipped out
OF the house quietly to get my pig and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
The Entrants Brain Psychologically
Tested Along With Its Store
of knowledge

sent away before time and money we're
wasted on their military education.
AT the same time"-and this bears di
rectiy upon the present point-"certain very
important institutions were receiving can.
dldates large proportion of whom were
discarded, with little but disbursement
and envy to show in return for the EXPENSE
OF their time and the governments money.
ct these candidates 1Uere chosen bu n
system 7Ohich already represented the
acme OF common sense administered bu
extremely able men. A scientific study
OF some five hundred cases showed where
much of the trouble lay and provided a
remedy.
Under the pressure of war the reou,ar
army scheme for measuring TIE oua]t,ca-
tons and efficiency of its officers could NOT
De operated. Nor would it have been suit
ao'e' n workable record and rating plan
was prepared by an expert in applied psy-
cnology' tested carefully in certain camps
and put into force throughout the army.
AT one of the largest naval radio schools
the candidates were admitted in part
through a series of tests devised for the
purpose by one man of science and their
instruction was directed by methods de-
vised by another.
I'm one of the large muniton factories
number OF psychologists were kept con-
stantly at work studying the means of Sc
lecting the right individuals as employees
and finding the happiest conditions for their
work.
Multiply such cases as these many, many
times; add to them the scientific personnel
work done by psychologists and medical
men; add further that done by the many
modern business men whose work is so
based on principles and verified by expert
ment that we should gladly claim them as
fellow scientists-and the total would
probably be the greatest increase in scien-
tific control over the management of men
ever made in any year in any country.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-02-09
The Acid Test of
knowledge

We purpose to test for power, mental
power" said Professor Adam Lewis Jones
who is at the head of the universities de-
partment of admissions, rather than mere
~ to examine into the ability of the candi
date to carry in his memory for few
days sufficient facts to get passing mark
OIL cach OF p set of examinations. Unless
boy Is very dull he can prepare to pass
examinations of the style long in vogue and
pass them, bat after he has done so we
nave no criterion whatever as to what
lie really knows or the breadth and de-
Neiopment of his mind. By these psvcho
logical tests he shows exactly where he
stands wlly-nilly
The basis of it all is the work of the
great Frenchman, Alfred Binet who orig
mated the intelligence scale of ffty-four
tests covering the different ages from three
years TO the adult, and it has been added
TO by Professor L. M. Ternan, Of Leland
Stanford; Professor Robert NJ. Yerkes. Of
Harvard, and others until it now Includes
ninety. Professor Edward J.. Thorndike If
teachers College mere at Columbia has had
much to do with its application to army
uses lie is now at work on a set of tests
70 DC used by us next September. Of
course, we do not disclose the exact nature
o. tnem-though there is almost no nos
s'piilty of preparation for such tests
nut they viii be along the line of the Binet-
Simon scale.
'hey viii show whether or not the can
a'date IS fitted to go further in education.
Aas mental development which will enable
"ih' actually to grasp and use what we
can si7e ann here. or will only be wasting
MS time and ours If admitted. Under-
stand, in many cases he would not inten-
tionaliy do that, but how many times do
we find boys who can pass examinations
and yet get little or nothing out Of the four
years they spend In college? Mere hook
learning counts for 30 little and we know
u 80 well that it ID high time American
colleges acted upon that knowledge.
We might not have been able to 20 so
lar at this time but that the experiences
OF the officers training corps have SO clear
~ pointed the way Anything along the
old lines Of examinations was completely
disappointing for their use.s while the psy-
geological tests proved themselves over and
oyer Not that any candidate or officer
succeeded In making the ass possible points
but quite number made over 400 and
great many between $50 and 400.
These tests have been in use to some
extent at Leland Stanford and at Harvard
ana Professor Ihorndikc has done most
ya'iapie constructive work along this line
~ series Of experiments with freshmen
~ engineering az Massachusetts Institute
o Technology, the University Of Cincinnati,
wentworth Institute and Columbia. The
records Of the thirty-four men tested at
ssAss. give Of the seven who stood hixbsst