davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-12-23

Vote early today for better
schools. The tax must carry.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

this moment as being IN state o:
war with Serbia.
"The ustro-Hungarian Minister
Of Foreign Affairs,
count BERCHTOLD.7
He got what he wanted. On the
same day Francis Joseph, then So
journing at his favorite resort, Ischl,
appended the following lines to
Count Berchtold's memorandum:
II approve of the attached draft
of dispatch to the Serbian Foreign
Office, containing the declaration of
war, and issue to you the requested
authorization.
"FRANCIS JOSEPH"
Now, the point about the above
note, submitted for approval to and
approved by the old Emperor, is that
it was never sent off to the Serbian
government
That is. it was never sent in full.
The final draft, as dispatched to
Belgrade by wire, via Czernowitz
and Bucharest (for the staff Of the
stroHungarian Legation had left
Belgrade three days before) con-
tanned no mention whatever of the
attack by Serbian troops at Temes-
Kubin. The passage "and this so
much the more as the Serbian troops
have already attacked near Temes-
Kubin a detachment of the imperial
and royal army" was missing.
Rather mysterious, isn't it?
Not at all. The passage was miss
ing because Count Berchtold, after
obtaining Francis Joseph's 0. X. for
the original draft, simply took a
pencil and struck out the lines tell
ing about the Temes- Kubin fight
ing. He struck it out for the per-
fectly good reason that the Temes-
Kubin fighting never occurred.
In other words, Count Berch-
told induced his eighty-four-year-
old sovereign to sign the declara-
ton Of war by the lie that hostili-
ties had already set in But it must
be admitted that he did so with
the deepest respect" as his sigma
ture testihes.
On the next day, moreover. when
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

Tempered With
Gu Inent --
Result: World-
Wide War

bic certainly from the Austrian
revelations: First, the criminal de-
termination to make war on the then
Austro-Hungarian government and
Of its leader, Count Berchtold, on
which all efforts on the part of Ger
many and the Entente to prevent
the outbreak in the eleventh hour
foundered; second, the disability and
weakness, tragic in its immense
scope, Of the German government,
which permitted itself to be bull
dozed by its weaker ally against its
own will and conviction into a war
which brought down the most terrible
fate on the German people. E.
Never was q people led into war
with greater levity and insolence.
with a grosser misunderstanding of
the world situation. The German
people has to do penance to-day.
amid an unparalleled breakdown,
for the frivolous levity and mala-
droitness of its rulers, indebtedness
that can only be explained by politi-
cal imbeclity."
According to the other explana-
ton, launched by Reventlow, the
action of the German government in
supporting Austria through thick
and thin was madness-but a mad
ness with a system in it. It is con-
tended that the German statesmen
were tricked into their attitude by
the bogie Of Austrian treachery.
In other words, Berlin was afraid
that Austria might bolt the alliance
IN case German support was made
conditional.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

IN the first place, extremely import
ant German interests and would,
therefore, run up against Germanys
inevitable resistance"
This is the kind Of snare, the
German reactionary press would
imply, into which the terrible ogre
Berchtold tried to entrap those
two babes-in-th e-wood, Bethmann-
HollWeg and Jagow.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
4 Sensation Disclosed

Count Reventlow bases this argu-
mene on circumstance revealed by
the Red Book, which, whatever its
exact value In gauging the relative
guilt, Is in itself extremely interest
ing and which constitutes, besides
the story about Count Berchtold's
invention Of the Temes-Kubin en-
gagement, probably the most sensa-
tlonal disclosure Of the publication.
The assertion is made by Dr.
Gooss that the Austro- Hungarian
government failed to communicate
to the German government the text
of the Serbian answer to the Austro-
Hungarian ultimatum, received on
July rs, 1914. Says the Red Book =:
"The circumstance that the
Vienna Cabinet failed to communi-
cate Of its own accord to the Berlin
government the Serbian reply yields
a conspicuous parallel to the fact
that the Berlin government was adj
vlsed Of the text of the Austro
Hungarian ultimatum not before.
but only simultaneously with, the
other powers"
This is certainly most extraor
binary allegation. Is it really pos
sible that the German government
did not know that Serbia had grant
ed the overwhelming portion of the
Austrian demands? Count Revent-
low seems to believe it, and adds
the explanation that the German
government did not insist on know
ing because it was afraid Of making
Austria angry!
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
In the Balkans

Much is made Of the document
introducing the collection: A memo
randum on the Balkan situation,
more particularly the attempts of
Russia to build up a Balkan ALI
ance against the Central Powers,
drawn up by the Vienna Foreign
Office Immediately before the Sara
jevo assassination. This memoran-
dunn, which was prepared for sub
mission to the Berlin government,
analyses the purposes of Russia, or
rather the Russo-French entente,
and concludes that Russian policy,
in its ultimate scope, is directed
even more against Germany than
against Austria-Hungary.
Zone cannot reasonably suspect
Russia" the document says, "of
plans Of conquest against the Ger
man empire. Nevertheless, her ex-
traordinary ornaments and warlike
preparations, the construction of
strategic railroads against the west,
are directed most certainly even
more against Germany than against
Austria Hungary.
For Russia has recognized that
the realization of her plans in
Europe and Asia, originating from
an inner necessity. would praiudice
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Explanations

In the German press two expla-
nations prevail as to the attitude
taken by the Berlin government
Liberal papers, like the "Frankfiir-
ter Zeitung," priding themselves on
calling a spade by its name, declare
the German policy was dictated by
sheer imbecility.
Says the "Frankfiirter Zeitung":
1.-TWO facts stand out in irrefuta-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

AS to Austria's determined will
to-war, the appendix to the above
mentioned memorandum, added by
Count Berchtold after the news of
the Sarajevo murder had been re-
ceived, is featured in fat type by
papers like the "Tageszeitung":
Austria Hungary displayed" the
passage runs, "plenty of good will
and readiness for Cancellation in or
der to bring about a tolerable re-
lationship to Serbia. 1t has, how
ever, become clear Of late that these
efforts were altogether futile and
that also in the future the monarchy
will have to reckon with the stub
born, irreconcilable and aggressive
hostility Of Serbia.
"The necessity thus faces the
monarchy in all the more imperative
degree to tear with a determined
hand the threads which it's enemies
attempt to weave into a net above its
head"
Count Berchtold's memorandum.
together with a letter of Francis
Joseph, was handed by the Austrian
Ambassador, Count Szogyeny, to
Kaiser Wilhelm on July s. Of this
interview Count Szogyeny reported
back to Vienna that the Austro-
Hungarian government Knight rest
assured that Germany, in case of a
war between Austria Hungary and
Russia, shall stand by the monarchy
with her usual loyalty and in the
usual manner"
Translating the diplomatic lingo
in which Berchtold's memorandum
and Count Szogyeny's report are
couched into ordinary human Ian
guage, the exchanges would sound
somewhat like this:
Berchtold: 81 want to attack
Serbia"
Szogyeny: "The Kaiser says just
go ahead and never mind Russia
1t is difficult to see how this par
ticular chapter Of the revelations
can be made the basis of a defence
Of Germany's innocence, but the
German apologists are wont to
achieve the Intellectually impos-
sible, and they do their best to get
it across in this instance.
Count Reventlow even goes to
the length Of saying, in effect, that
Germany evidenced her peaceful
intentions, her fixed determination
to prevent a European war, by tell
ing Austria that if she absolutely
wanted war with Serbia she should
go to it before it was too late. AS
the report Of Count Szogyeny's in
teview with the Kaiser puts it;
GAS far as Serbia is concerned,
the kaiser's standpoint is as fol-
lows: Should Vienna recognize the
absolute necessity of military action
against Serbia, it would be deplor-
able if Austria Hungary would fail
to utilize the present moment, so
favorable in itself"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
An Editor Testifes

The statement Of the Red Book
that the Serbian reply was withheld
from Berlin is, moreover, borne out
by the testimony of one Victor
Schiif, associate editor Of the "Vor
warts This Herr SchifP was in
July, 1914, one Of the editors of the
Wolff Telegraph Bureau, the chief
German news-gathering agency. He
says now that on the evening Of
July %, 1914, the day the Austrian
ultlmatum to Serbia was dispatched.
his office was called on the phone
lnnumerable times by high officials
of the Imperial Chancellery, among
them Geheimrat Wahnschaffe, chief
of the Chancellor's cabinet, ana
by Gehelmrat Hamann, of the For
eign Office, all of whom inquired
with utmost anxiety about the Aus
TRAN note. However, the text was
not forthcoming from Vienna, and
at l p. m. Councillor Won Weber
appeared in person at the Wolff
Bureau and said he would wait for
its arrival.
"These inquiries convinced me at
the time beyond doubt Schiff now
writes, that the German Foreign
Office was wholly ignorant not only
Of the exact text, but even Of the
character, of the Austrian ultima
tum to Belgrade"
Here is another question the final
clearing up Of which will devolve
on that world tribunal which, &C
cordlng to Schiller, is world history
unless the Allies decide to antici
pate this somewhat slow procedure
by instituting their own much
heralded court of inquiry.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

was merely the work Of strings
cleverly pulled from Potsdam.
This, we repeat, Is the notion
universally held. At this notion the
documents now published by DR..
Roderich Gooss in behalf Of the
German-Austrian government aim a
shattering blow. At least, they try
to.
What is the purport Of the Red
Book as concerns the distribution
Of responsibility
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
4 Forgery?

OF course, final evidence has still
to be produced In regard to Count
Berchtold's guilt. But there is every
reason to suppose that we are faced
here by a case of deliberate forgery,
rather than a mere mistake, mex
cusable as even the latter would be.
Forgery was ever one Of the favorite
instruments Of Austrian diplomacy;
more specifically it was the weapon
of the Magyar junker gang headed
by Count Tisza. Was Count Forgach,
the Austro-Hungarian Minister in
Belgrade and author Of the famous
forged document produced as evil
dence in the celebrated Friedjung
libel case-was not this Count For
zach Berchtold's Cor rather Tisza's)
right hand? Furthermore, Berch-
told remembered the story Of the
Ems telegram. Bismarck had got
ten away with it-why not try the
game once more?
But there Is another even more
sensational aspect Of the Austrian
Red Book. That is the new light it
sheds on the relative responsibility
of Austria and Germany for the
outbreak Of the war.
According to the conception gen.
orally prevailing, the war was
brought about by the German mill
tarist clique, for which Austro-Hun-
garian diplomacy merely acted as a
catspaw. The Sarajevo murder was
nothing but welcome pretext to be
exploited for the furtherance Of
preconceived plans Of aggression
and conquest. In word, Germany,
the German General Staff, the
Kaiser and the Crown Prince willed
the war, and Austria Hungary's
prominence in the, events immedi-
ately leading up to the explosion
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

In weekly paper published in the West OF ireland find
touching editorial lament. as follows.
or the serious hortcoming Of the News this
valid excsetoo valid indeed the suffering from
shortness of news but hortne Of breath enemy turned
up whom we have done nothing offend vet hi.
attack is such have experience
In our present state OF mind there taking about "A
home or abroad"-London Daty Ners
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
German Press Vie,ps

The question is answered by the
attitude Of the German press toward
the Vienna revelations. AS repre-
sentative Of that attitude the fol-
lowing passage is quoted from
an editorial in the "Deutsche Tages-
zeitung" by the celebrated Count
Ernest Reventlow:
"Our conception Of the guilt for
the war was firmly established in
advance, especially as to the crucial
point that in Germany nobody had
willed the war, least of all the Ger
man Kaiser, just as little as Beth
mann-Hollweg, Jagow, etc. We were
equally firm in our belief that the
leaders Of German statecraft and
diplomacy had Numbered blindly
and clumsily into the World War and
they had done SO under the guild
ance Of the Vienna statesmen. All
this is now confirmed by the new
Austrian Red Book"
There Is a brand Of commenda-
ton that kills. This happens to be
a good example Of It,
According to the German conser-
vative press, the Red Book proves
definitely that the poor innocent
German lamb was led to the sham
bles by the willy old Austrian wolf.
The material presented is exploited
to the utmost in support Of Ger
many's freedom from blame. 1t
never occurs to the German junker
organs that this treatment, instead
Of helping Germany's case, may
simply damage that of the Red
Book.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Baron Conrad von Hoetsendorf.
Chief Of General Staff and military
spirit behind the Austro-Hungarian
conspiracy
conspiracy

war was already an accomplished
fact, Count Berchtold furnished ad-
ditional proof Of his deepest re-
spect" by addressing to the mon
arch the following memorandum:
"Most Gracious Master:
GAS the advices about an engage
ment at Temes-Kubin failed, and
as, on the other hand, report was
received about a minor skirmish at
Gradiste, which, however, did not
seem adequate to be adduced as
justification for an act of state of
such Importance, I took it on me,
in the hope of your majesty's all
highest approval, to eliminate from
the declaration Of war on Serbia
the sentence about the attack of
Serbian troops at Temes-Kubin.
with deepest respect,
"BERCHTOLD.
"Vienna, July 20, 1914"
Commenting on this particular
revelation of the Red Book, the
"Vienna Arbeiter-Zeitung," organ
Of the Austrian Social Democrats,
declares it to be beyond doubt that
Count Berchtold deliberately in
vented the story about the Temes-
Kubin engagement, thereby cheat
ing his imperial master into APPROX
ing the declaration Of war. The fate
Of world, the "Arbeiter-Zeitung"
says, depended on whether man
Of eighty-four could be deceived by
an INSCRIPTIONS criminal.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

At Lund in Southern Sweden obeisk
battle.
1876 and the Danes beaten
Contrary expected
conmemoraon OF victory but of
both Danes Swedes, both present
be added years ur
Manchester Guardian.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Briefs From OUev
The Ocean


R. HENDERSON returned In the byeeoton for wdnes
MI by majority of 9s7. We do n for NJ
l. Il deron's politics, but the
party in the House reinforced by Minister who has
had considerable experience public Spectator
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Startling Facts
; Revealed by
The Austrian
Red ook
By Eugene S. Dagger
Nv 7 AS the World War pre-
wv cipitated by a common
forgery?

! az CiIC w OIlu W III pre-
wv cipitated by common
forgery?
If the testimony of
the Red Book just issued by the
government of the German-Aus-
trian Republic can be accepted as
the truth, and the whole truth.
It was.
This Red Book, entitled 1.-THE
Vienna Cabinet and the Origin Of
the World War; publishes the state
papers on file in the Austrian state
archives-tirst drafts, notes, memo
rsnds, reports, ispatches-coverins
the events between the assassination
o9 the Archduke Francis Ferdinand
on June %, 1914, and the declaration
Of war by Germany on Russia on
August Of the same year.
The outstanding document of the
collection Is the draft of the Austro-
Hungarian note declaring war on
Serbia, and submitted for approval
TO the old Emperor Francis Joseph
by his Foreign Minister, Count Leo
pold Berchtold
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
-Westminster Gazette

Germany retains the eagle M red beak cacs the national
embIen but it is longer played and all its trimmings
hope dnpPeared The British caroons here pictures the pres
en German Eage increduouy asking; "Was like to?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
A Sweet DUTY

Lord Haigs staff to be companion Narolsons
Waterloo coach Madame Tussauds was bought 70
for $500 guneas by Mr. " Luton, who
to use to travel round confectionery rer
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Among the Casualties

Required, bedroom and sitting % sitting
nanent; married coupeLlandi,dao Wales Adrcr',sev
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02

boot factory at Earl shon. burg
and 400 pairs Of boots stolen The worth of the
s2oo which gives an average price of los This
giving the of rather badyLordon Dp
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
The Ters

''The royal Serbian government
not having replied In q satisfactory
manner to the note submitted to it
by the Austro- Hungarian Minister
at Belgrade on July 20, 1914, the
imperial and royal government finds
1t necessary to provide for itself
the safeguards Of its rights and in
terests and to take recourse for
this end to the force of arms, and
this so much the more as the Ser
bian troops have already attacked
neax Temes-Kubin q detachment of
the imperial and royal army. Austria
Hungary thus considers itself from
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-11-02
Explanations

This draft was accompanied by
AT explanatory note, in which
Count Berchtold told the Emperor
hat he thought an attempt by the
Triple Entente at peaceful settle
ment of the conflict to be still pos
sible. He then proceeded:
According to a report Of the
Fourth Army Corps command, Ser
hian troops, aboard Danube steam
ers, yesterday opened fire on our
troops at Tenes-Kubin. The fire
vas returned and a lively engage
ment ensued. Hostilities, therefore,
have begun in fact, and it appears
all the more imperative to secure
20 the army that freedom Of move
ment which, according to inter
national law, it possesses only from
the moment the state of war has
actually set i'm
The memorandum was signed:
with the deepest respect, Berch-
told"
The draft of the declaration of
var, TO which the above memoran-
dunn was attached, runs as follows.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1919-05-17
FORD REFERRED
To SOLDIERS AS
PAID MURDERERs
Attorney for Tribune Com
pares War Record of Plain
tiff in Damage Suit and
That of Col. Mccormick. |

a Mount Clemens, Mich. May lG,--
Opening statements of counsel in the
l'bel suit of Henry Ford against the
Chicago Tribune occupied the entire
day in Judge fuckers court. Ney-
mouth Kirkland of counsel for the
Tribune, had not concluded when
court adjourned until Monday and
will resume then.
Former Judge Alfred j. Murphy of
counsel for the plaintiff, occupied the
forenoon in stating his case in the
course of which he alleged that the
Trbune's advocacy of Intervention in
Mexico was du, to pro-Germanism
and a desire TO aid the International
Harvester company and the Standard
Oil company. Mr.. Kirkland in his re-
marks ridiculed these claims and
claimed not only justification of it's
comment on Mr.. Ford in which he
was called an anarchist and accused
Of ignorance, bit asserted that as
Mr. Ford's wealth, position and pact
fist activities had made him a public
character il was the plain duty of the
newspaper to call him to account for
a policy which, in the Tribune's opin-
ion, would render the country impot-
ent.
Mr.. Kirkland referred to General
Pershing and to Marshal Haig and
Generalissimo Foch as among the SOL
diers on whorl Mr. Ford would en-
blazon the word 'murderers." He was
on the subject of the military career
of Colonel r. r. Mccormick publish
er of the Tribune, when the point
came up.
Mccormick got to be lieutenant
X iplx land
"and General Pershng. one of the
professional soldiers that Judge Muir
ply says Mr. Ford said should have
the word murderer embroidered on
his breast made him a colonel.
Mr.. Kirkland told how the IteWs
item on which the alleged libelous ed
itorial was based, had its origin, The
national guard, he said, was being
recruited for service on the Mexican
border, and many employers were
publicity announcing that the pay OF
their men who joined the colors would
be continued and their jobs held open
for them.
Inquiry at the Chicago branch of
the Ford company elected a state
ment that the branch manager was
awaiting instructions from the main
office This was only two or three
days before publication Of the edi-
torlal on June %, 1916, he said, The
Detroit correspondent was Informed
by General Manager Klingsmith of
the Ford company a man who was
customarily accepted as an authority
on Ford policies. that the Ford COM
pany would not continue the pay of
its men who enlisted, nor would it
hold their positions open nor give
them preference should they return
and ask for their former positions.
He urged further that Mexican raids
along the border, the murder and rob-
berry of American citizens in Mexico
and even in the United States, were
ample reasons why the Tribune should
advocate Intervention, and certainly
he said, more convincing than a
roundabout method of helping Ger
many or aiding the horvester com
pany or Standard Oil.