Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1919-07-15
CARNE Gle MONEY
BACKS LEAGUE To
EMF FORCE PEACE,
FALL 'SSTATEMENT
Senate Debate on Ratification
Of Treaty is Set in Motion
By Swanson Of Virginia in
Set Speech,
NEW MEXICO SENATOR
AND HITCHCOCK CLASH
Speeches Cover Wide Range
and Opinions Expressed Are
DiametriCaIIy Opposed to
Each Other,
pv MORNING JOURNAL SPECIAL LEASED wrRrl

tRY MORNING JOURNAL SPECIAL LEASED wREl
Washington. July 14.-Praising the
| league of nations covenant, as one Of
the worlds greatest documents. SEN
ator Swanson of Virginia, demo-
cratic member of the foreign relations
committee. told the senate today that
if the United States rejected tho
league it would mean that she would
skulk in the greatest world crisis that
ever occurred"
The speaker defended the league
against the objections that it would
sacrifice sovereignty and American
traditions and asserted that on tho
/ contrary, it would result in immense
material gain in protecting American
, integrity and preventing war. He
declared it would create super-gov-
ernment, involve Objectionable obIi-
cations nor invalidate the Monroe
dictrine
THE pathway of our duty is plain"
said Senator Swanson. Let US not be
frightened by our own prodigious
shadow as it projects itself into world
affairs. Let us not be deferred from
our manifest duty and destiny by u
craven fear of becoming great in Civ
ing service and direction to a world in
dlrest hour of its need and dis
tress"
Would Prevent War.
Pointing out that the war had
shaken the social order to its founda-
ton, the Virginia senator said it was
the paramount obligation of respon-
SlDlp St1tNSman tn
such conflagration, which would re-
turn the world Ito the rule of brute
force and barbarism as Ithe dark
ages"
THE covenant of the league has
been assailed from two opposite
sources The continued, "the league
will neither be a super-state nor SOW
ereign, nor helpless, powerless asso-
citation of nations. The instrument
creating the league is a covenant
entered into by sovereign states.
zone of the attributes of sover-
eighty is the ability to make covenants
or agreements, That n state reserves
it, full sovereignty Is conclusively set
tied by the provision allowing any
member to withdraw. No nation, su-
perior or otherwise, ever thus ex-
pressly provided means for its disso-
luton.
Shbicct to Constitution.
This covenant, If ratified by tho
senate, would be no more nor less
than a treaty legalized under our cor
stitution. The plan for the forr ation
of the league is skllfully conceived
and the only one possible under exist
ing Dolitical conditions.
Tho assembly of the league will be
composed of representatives of the
hnTG W - mil 1., 4
cordance with the laws of the re-
spective states, In the case of the
United States, the representatives. be-
ing Officers created by treaty. would
be appointed as provided by an act of
congress. Much opposition has been
urged because n great nation like the
United States has only one vote in the
assembly. But what difference does
the number of votes make, when upon
all important matters the action of
the assembly must be unanimous or
have the unanimous concurrence of
the council, upon which the United
States Is permanently represented
THE league could never be organ
lied on any basis other than that of
equal representation. If members
were accorded difference in repre-
sentation, upon what basis should the
apportiOnment be made? If upon
population China and India would
dominate the league and the United
States would have only one-fifteenth
of the number. If based upon wealth
would he equally as uncertain and un-
Fall Questions Hitchcock.
Senator Swanson's speech led to
discussion to the effect of any reser-
vations in the ratification resolution,
Senator Kellogg. republican of Min
nesota, declaring the possibility that
re-negotiations would he necessitated
in such an event, does not extend to
every reservation"
Senator Pittman. democrat of Ne
vada, replied that there could be nd
legal doubt that should any reserva-
ton whatever be adopted. the whole
negotiations would have to be re-
opened.
Senator Hitchcock. democrat OF
Nebraska, reiterated his declaration
that public sentiment favored the
league, putting into the record reso-
Iutions of approval adopted by the
Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen
and others.
Senator Fall, republican of New
Mexico, challenged the statement of
the Nebraska senator and said Mr..
'''''AN oNh ii'i' tNNltti e'l al IL spttCu III
l9l2. that the movement for a league
If peace was largely the result of
propaganda financed by the Carr
legie peace foundation
Il shall prove in the near future"
hr, Fail said, from an official state
nent of the league to enforce peace,
hat the Carnegie foundation is be-
lind it,"
And | shall prove" said Senator
hitchcock, that the league to enforce
'eace has not received one dollar
rom the Carnegie foundation"