Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-07-29
HUGHES SUGGESTS
RESERVATIONS FOR
PARIS PEACE PACT
Former Supreme Justice Of
fers New Additions to
Be Made by Senate.
EXCEPTION TAKEN TO FOUR
ARTICLES BY G. o. P. JURIST
Says Article x. Is Trouble
Breeder" and Would Alter
That Clause.
SENTIMENT NOTED IN LETTERS
One-Time Candidate for President
Make Recommendations at Re-
quest OF Senator Hale.
IBy Associated Press. ]

WASHINGTON. July 2S-CharIes f.
Hughes, Republican candidate in the
last presidential election, has drawn
up resolution which he offers for
adoption by the United States Senate
consenting TO inclusion of the league
OF nations covenant in the peace
treaty. but suggesting four reserva
tons to prevent Sacrificing the cs.
scntial interests of the United States Z"
This became known today when cor
responderce between MIR. Hughes and
senator Frederick Hale, Republican,
or Maine, dealing with ratification Of
the treaty. was made public
WA:le finding am guities in Articles
ana Nv. dealing respectively with
"ithdrawai from the league and oues-
Iions OF purely a domestic nature Mr.
ticies NM and ". which concern the
Monroe Doctrine and the liability of
the United States TO provide armed
forces TO protect other members of
The descriptive phrase" employed
in connection with the Monroe Doe
trine is said by Mr.. Hughes TO be in
aecurate' while Articles X. is branded
ny MIN as trouble breeder" which
II not eliminated, should be thorough
" interpreted. Any 'reserva tions." Mr.
Hughes added. should be incorporated
IN me instrument of ratification" to
reservations are made should not lead
TO the assumption that the treaty
would fail or the peace conference
would have to resume operations
Summary of Reservation.
Summarized. Mr.. Hughes four reser-
NatioRS are:
First. that on giving notice of it's
intention TO withdraw from the league,
power shall cease to be a member
or subject to obligations Of the cove
In
tice. but that such withdrawal shall
not release that power from debt or
Liability heretofore incurred.
Second. that questions such as immi-
grafton or import duties. which are
solely within domestic Jurisdiction.
shall not he submitted for considera
tson or action by the league.
Third. that the United states shall
not relinquish its traditional attitude
toward purely American questions.
which shall not be subject to the jur-
isdiction OF the league, leaving this
any non-American country or territory
in the Western Hemisphere
Fourth. that under Article Y. the
United States shall resume no obliga-
uons TO undertake any military expe-
dit!on or employ It's armed forces on
land or sea unless such act is authoriz-
ed by Congress.
Letters Sent to Hale
The resolution suggested by Mr..
siuShes is EN- nbodled In letter replying
TO one from Mr. Hale requesting Mr..
Hughes opinion on the validity Of
reservations to the proposed covenant
and also asking Mr.. Hughes what
reservations In your Judgment should
be made to safeguard the interests OF
our country" In his letter Senator
Hale asserts he wants to see some
plan devised whereby the United States
may safely enter the league OF ma
tions."
In his reply. Mr. Hughes stated
there Is a plain need for league Of
nations. He added that there is also
every reasonable effort should be made
TO establish peace as promptly as
possible and to bring about condi-
normal industrial activity.
see no reason why these objects
cannot be attained 1ithout sacrificing
the essential interests OF the United
States" Mr.. Hughes continues. There
is middle ground between aloofness
and Injurious commitments"
While regrettinS that "spitable" steps
have not been taken TO formulate in
ternational legal principles and settle
nient OF disputes by impartia tribunals.
Mr. Hughes declares there is merit
enough in the proposed plan to make il
guards can be obtained"
Seen Value of League.
lie adds that ut is just as futile TO
exagScrate its value as it is TO see
nothing hut its defects" In his opjnio,
the proposed covenant should be viewed
'as mere beginning" but IL is i'm.
portant that false start should not be
made. Wv
The question As to the validity of
reservations has two aspects" SAYS Mr.
Hughes: First. with respect as TO ac-
ton on our part which is essential TO
making of reservations, and second
as TO the effect of reservations upon
other parties to the treaty.
As TO the first question, il is mani
test that attempted reservations will
be ncnectual unless they qualify the
act OF ratification" said MIR. Hughes
adding that such reservations must
constitute part of the instrument OF
ratification.
If the proposed reservations are rea.
sonahle. responsibility for defeat of tho
treaty would lie with those who refuse
the vote essential 10 the assent I'm the
opinion Of Mr.. Hughes, who points ont
that. on the other hand. IL the Senate
sives It's assent to the treaty with
reservations. and President Wilson
should refuse concurrence. responsi-
bility would lie with him.
Nations May Acuuicsce.
Pointing out that where treaty Is
made on the part OF number Of ma
tions. they may acQuiesce I'm a partial
ratihcation on the part OF one or more