davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
New Aspirant for the Alias of William Shakespeare
Keep 1t Dark, But the Real Author
of the Plays Was William
Stanley, Sixth Earl of Derby

Pantagruel') and has supervised the prep
aration of critical edition of Rabeaiss
complete works. He is editor of crtica!
edition of Calvin's Constitution dc la Re-
ligon Chretienne' and author of bio
graphical study of Calvin who was native
of Noyon, the town in which he (Lefrsnc)
grew up also author of various studies on
the life. work and influence of Marguerite
de Navarro and editor of critical edition
of her poems and author of studies
Pascal and Clement Marot. He has edited
since 1913 LA Revue du KYLE Steele
In the spring of 1909, NJ. Lefranc gave
courses at Harvard University DANES II.
Hyde Foundation the literature of the
Renaissance and Moierc. and, during
the winter of 1911, he was exchange pre-
fessor at the University of Chicago 1t
was the conversation in Boston family.
Of which he was the guest during his CON
nection with Harvard that first suggested
to him the idea Of studying the relations
between the biography of Shakespeare of
Stratford and the thirty eight plays pub
lished under his name and his sojourn at
Chicago did much to confirm him in the
unde rtuking
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
Lefranc No
UpSfarf

NJ. Lefranc is not crank Gas have been
80 Many Of the would-be dethroners of
Shakespeare of Stratford) nor an upstart
investigator, but a genuine scholar. with
thirty-hvo years Of experience, the results
of which have been crowned by the Aca.
demic FRANCHISE, the Academic dos Inscrip
tons ct Bclles-Lettrcs and the College de
France.
NJ Lcfranc is an authority on the French
literature of the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries. He lecturcd on Molierc for four
consecutive years ut the College de France.
lie founded and was long the President of
the Soci6te des Etudcs Rabclaisiennes and
the editor-n-chief for ten years (lo03-f9i2l
OF LA Revue des Etudes Rahelaisicnnesn
lie is the author of treatise on the Rabe-
laisian geography l"Les Navigations do
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

irottcr and ambassadors SON was i simple
matter Of course
SANKEY'S soiourn as q young man in
France and possibly, in the Kingdom Of
Navarro, as we'll as the intimate relations
that existed between Spcnser and Lyly and
the Stanley family help to account for
"Lovc's Labor Lost" in which the Spen-
scrian and Lylyian influences are easily
pcrceptiblc and with which it is difficult to
connect Shakespeare of Stratford
The Stanley family appears IN the first
three historical dramas signed by Shakes
pcarc (thc second and third parts of "IIenry
VIZ and "Richard IlI'') and the men and the
things in which this same family was cspc-
cialW interested figure prominently in scv-
cral Of the other historical dramas.
Hamlets advice to the players--the advice
Of a critic capable of taking d comprehen-
sive view of the drama rather than that of
a petty actor Identifies, in NJ Lcfrancs
view, the scholarly, philosophical Prince of
Denmark with Stanley and the melancholy
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
y label Lefranc.


of Stanley during the long period of de-
preston concdent with his lawsuits also
has its counterpart in the melancholy of
Hamlet and in that of the Jacques OF "As
You Like IT, Moreover, jacques disabused
love of solitude corresponds with what we
know of SANKEY'S disposition, fortified as
the years went by, to hold himself aoof
from the world
Stanley is again incarnated in Prospero
of "The Tempest" grand seigneur "who
has meditated long and seriously on the art
of governing men who has contemplated.
from lofty pinnacle, the spectacle afforded
by society and who severe ordeals have
mcllowcd into the most generous of moral
lists, while the general reconciliation with
which "Tho Tempest" ends may correspond
with the termination of the fifteen year
family feud which was antecedent to the
peace of soul to which Stanley finally at
tanned. Furthermore, "The Tempest" prop
ery viewed. according to NJ. Lefranc, is, in
reality, defence of benefccnt magic; in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

mans or the Rutandans, CHANGED upon a
clew, IN the form Of modest item in the
Eiizabethan State papers, which was to carry
him far.
Having to return several English books
borrowed from big library to let M. LIE
franc tell his story. 81 took last hasty
glance at them. | was profoundly moved at
reading in of them, which had opened
at random the following (purely incidentally
entry, in the course of an article conse-
Grated to totally unrelated subject: From
letter comprised in the State Papers of
Queen Elizabeth, we learn that the Earl of
Derby, in June, 1899, was solely occupied
with writing pieces for the comedians'
This testimony is formulated in terms that
are almost identical in two letters written
the Goth of June, 1899, by a parsonage
called George Fenner to two correspondents
(the one his partner, Dalthazar Gybels at
Antwerp, and the other, Sir Humfredo Gal
deli. or, in his absence, Giuseppe Tusinga,
at Venice) 'Therle of Derby is busved
only in pennlng comedies for the commoun
Players and our Erie of Darby is busye
in penning commodycs for the commoun
players in reading this curious
reference | asked myself whether SO
precise bit Of information might not fur
iish the one 50 long desired and orient re-
search in new direction Tho grand
hegneuf, whose literary occupations are
revealed by this text WAS william Stanley,
sixth Earl OF Derby. As TO ihe dramatic
works composed by him in 1909. all con,
thne to be unknown. Not single comedy
has ever been cited played, performed or
published under his name, to ,he best Of our
present information. The two letters in
which his name appears were addressed
from London by political agent who was
working in England for the Catholic cause.
to correspondents at Antwerp and at Venice.
They were destined to remain secret, and
would have remained secret had they not
been somehow intercepted by the government
of Observation-Disclosures their presence in the
State Papers. The contents of these docu-
ments tells us that part of the English
Catholic nobility discounted, about this time
Dune, 5000, the possibility of an insurrec-
ton. They desired to be able to rely, in
the event that the projected movement sue
cceded, upon the Earl of Derby, whom they
regarded as eventual heir to the throne.
and whose name and support would consc-
quenty be exceedingly useful to them. The
agent Fcnncr had sounded the carl, but the
result proved to the interested parties that
they could not count upon his participation.
Submerged in the composition of pieces
destined for professional COMMUNICATIONS
Of his own or of another troupe--he refused,
under any pretext whatsoever even the
gravest, to interrupt his self imposed task"
Setting out from this apparently insg-
nificant starting point, M. Lefranc has de-
veloped an entirely new explanation of the
authorship of the Shakespeare an plays, as
Cuvlcr rccreated from a single bone extinct
species Of mammals. BY means Of a pa
tent and minute comparative study of the
career of Stanley and the Shakespearian
texts, he has arrived at three formal con-
illusions.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
Certain
''BHIIS"

Note these solccsms
The homage to Queen Elizabeth in the
midsummer Nights Dream" would have
been an objectionable impertincnce from
Shakespeare Of Stratford; and yet, at the
time it was uttered, nobody doubted that
it came from this same Shakespeare of
Stratford.
Shakespeare of Stratford could not have
defended magic with impunity in "The
Tempest" and yet, at The time "Thc Tenn
pest" was made public, nobody counted
that Shakespeare Of Stratford was its au-
thor
The aspcrsions on Denmark in "lIamet"
would not have been permitted for a moment
to Shakespeare of Stratford; and yet, at the
time "Hamct' was produced nobody doubted
it was Shakespeare of Stratford who made
them.
Note likewise these examples of an UNI
sophistication which verges dangerously
near the very naivete M. Lefranc delights
to ridicule in the Stratfordians:
Because Shakespeare of Stratford appro-
priated according to the diary of the law
yer Mannngham) amorous favors which
were intended for his fellow actor Bur
bagc, Shakespeare of Stratford cannot have
created the ideal loves of the Shakespearian
dramas.
Shakespeare of Stratford, having made A
mediocre marriage, cannot have portrayed
the gallant wooings and the brilliant nup-
tials Of the Shakespearian plays.
Shakespeare of Stratford, having sued
his debtors, cannot have been the author
of the immortal passage in the "Merchant
of Venice beginning THE quality of mercy
is not strained"
And on. And so on
"Nous croyons revert" to employ fav-
orite locution of NJ. Lefranc.
M. Lefranc is almost as hard upon the
Baconans and the Rutlandians ESQ far as
their positive contentious are concerned)
as he IS upon the Stratfordians. He charac-
terlzes Rutlandism IAN ndefensible the
ory regarding which the best to be said is
that it is based upon nothing" and adds.
ito accept the authorship Of Rutland would
be to replace the Shakespearian improbable
tiles by other improbabilities greater still
And here again, NJ. Lefranc's structures
upon others may fairly be turned against
himself.
TO accept the authorship of Stanley would
DV W replace inc SnakeSpearldn lmprOba
bilities by other improbabilties greater
still.
M. Lcfranc does not explain, for instance.
why Stanley, who survived Shakespeare Of
Stratford twentysix years, produced moth
ing after the death of Shakespeare, and
nothing after Shakespeares retirement to
New Place. IL is strange that the man who
in 1899 was so bound up in his playwritinp
as to put 1t above the possibility Of kingly
succession should not have profited by the
tranquility of his later years to crafty
this playwritng passion.
He does not explain why the &C 1tem-
porarcs of Stanley and Of Shakespeare of
Stratford discerned no incongruty between
the Shakespcarian plays and the personality
OF the latter, as they certainly would have
done had he been so ignorant. gross and
altogether impossible n specimen as NJ Lc
franc would have us believe
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

depreciation which accords with the fact
that Stanley was patron and friend of the
famous astronomer and magician. John Dee,
and himself familiar, in all likelihood with
the mysteries of occultism.
NJ. Lefranc takes the Stratfordians Sc
verey to task for making out of whole
cloth convenient explanations unjustiied
by any text. "What marvellous faculty
for development he eXclaims ironically,
anent the lucubrations of the indefatigar
BILE Shakespearian biographers and crit
les, "what wealth of imagination and what
a prodgious power for extracting some
thing out of nothing," And the charge,
it must be admitted, is not altogether I'M
founded in cases. But he lays him
self open, in his turn. to a similar charge.
in that, while terating and reiterating
that little is known about Shakespeare of
Stratford and that most of that little is
legend, he INDUCES Systematically in com
PARSONS between Shakespeare of STRAIT
ford and Stanley always to the disadvnn
tage of the former which imply at least
full and accurate knowledge of the
personality and career of Shakespeare of
Stratford as of the personality and career
Of Stanley.
Shakespeare of Stafford. for example,
cannot be the author of the Shakespearian
plays, because many of them have Euro
pean settings. and Shakespeare Of STRAIT
ford grhtuitous assertion never tfav-
elled. because they celebrate nobe friend
ships. aud Shakespeare Of Stanford gtatu-
itous asseftieh=-hevef had nh intimate
friend. because they reveal II sentiment
for history, and Shakespeare Of Stanford -
gfatUitous assertion had no curiosity re-
gsrding the past, because they were exeep=
tionally exempt from interference on the
part of the Censor, and Shakespeare Of
Stratford gra tuitous assertion had no
pull with the Government
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

a ND now this scorchcd terrace your sole domain
~ Your only subject Roman. dying Anthony;
The outer vastncsscs they held the soldiery
Of Cesar; their stout captain will not here refrain
You lived. Queen, but to countenancc that pain
Which 10 surrender Of the bodys sovereignty;
You take your part; is it the frightful thing to die
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

MOTHER Shakespeare has been
"a discovered by French scholar
~ we'll known in American university
circles, Abel Lefranc.
The new candidate for world honors is
william Stanley, sixth Earl of Derby,
ascendant of certain Latham who
eompanied William of Normandy to England
and of Marie d'Angleterre (sster of Henry
VIII and wife of Louis XII of France, and
ascendant of Lord Derby, the recently
credited British mbassador to France. The
discovery is announced in two-voiume
work entitled "Sous lie Masque de William
Shakespeare which is provided with two
dedicatons: the first, to the memory of
tho authors son, Robert Lefranc, law
student. who fell to the north of Verdun
an the 4th of February, 1918, and the second
to the British Ambassador. The second
dedication runs:
"To his Excellency Lord Derby. Ambassa-
aor of Great Britain in France, ex-Minster
ef War illustrous descendant of one Of the
Norman companions of william the Con
aueror Of Queen of France, and of the
immortal author Of the Shakespearian plays.
this book Is offered. in token Of admiration
for the history Of the family which he
continues so wofthiy and so brilliantly.
with the hope that It's contents may serve
10 attest tho soul fraternity Of two great
peoples. Joined forever for a common. glori-
nus destiny, and for the advancement Of the
human civilization OF which his ancestor
remains the most sublime expression"
Al to what the present representative
Of the house of Stanley may think of this
sardy exaltation Of his forebear, deponent
sayeth not.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
Forcing the
Note

Another instance in point: II Icfr.nc
cnaraetcrizcs as "woodcn-facc a veritshic
actors mask devoid Of life and scntimen.
cNaspcrat'ngly banal and fiat" the portrs,,
OF Shakcfpcarc Of Stratford (of dubious
authenticity for that mattcr) in the Fol,o
OF 1879. which. in reality, Is the revcrsc ar
commonplace and unintelectual and M
contrasts 1t unfavoraby with an authentic
portrait Of William Stanley in the suther-
land collection of the BodIcian Library a.
another proof of the intellectual inferior;t,
OF Shakespeare.
And to cap the climax he cndeavors To
strengthen his case by something very ,,lo
an appeal TO charlatansm in Offering en-.
testimony of certain adopts of the pscuso.
science of sraphology disconccrtinc rro-
cecd'ng indeed on the part Of savant,
10 the eject that the handwriting az St.n-
ley IL that OF an altogether superior ncr.on
1t is nearly thrccsccrc years aud ,e,
since the movement to provide sat;sfac.
tory substitute for Shakespeare of Strat.
'ord was inaugurated. The Bard of Avon
IL still wearing his laurels Notwithstanding
and this latest attempt to 1T them TO another
brow indicates that he is likely % continue
to wear them for some time Logger.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
H0W Lcfranc Hif
Upon STANLEY

res.. ~ N the sumner OF 1916 that n.
at. ,ane, Who had long suspected that
s Il Of stratford vas not Tho au.
va ~. ~ pays that hear his name, hut
$500 ~ +. ngE Convinced (while accepting
l1Ixllda' X tve'r destructive critjeism) OF the
v q fls slaims ~ either the Baeo.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
French Scholar, Abel Lefranc,
Has Now Banished Bacon and
the Bard of Avon, Both
BY Alvan F. Sanborn

A MOTHER Shakespeare has been
"a discovered by French scholar
IA we'll known in Amer university
circles. Abel Lefranc.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30

And sec in dying just the realm you must resaina
You have not let the game play YOU my Queen bur fed
The aspic at a fanaished brcast--he rascal fresh
rom gIuttony gluton stilll-~Why the hot land
Is DIM alone lies Anthony save for the dead
One y. more ambition, Queen for your expiring hand.
The last adventure, woman Of mperous flesh!
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
written by the Nxl Earl DnFy,O October
li Hxh Earl Derby

from the viewpoint of an enlightened noble.
with the conceptions peculiar to member
of the ruling class. All the plays, be they
borrowed from English history, from Grccl,
history, or from Roman history, be they
yclept Hamlet 'Cymbcline,' 'Othcllo,' Loves
Labour Lost, 'The Two Gentlemen of
Verona THE Tempest Midsummer Nights
Dream 'As You Like It, King Lear Mac
BETH Romeo and Juliet Much Ado
About Nothing "A Winters Tale or AIS
Well That Ends Well prove this amply
from one end to the other"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-03-30
"COnCOrdanCeS"
Galore

The Shakespcarian plays NJ. Lefranc re-
marks further, presupposc a thorough
knowledge of law and Of music; and Stanley
was both lawyer and composer, student of
Lincolns Inn and author of "pavane,"
published by Pilkington in 1924 They pre-
suppose likewise a knowledge OF France
and of Italy, which, for Stanley, a globe
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-12-25
HiR IDA KAHN URGES CHINESE
WOMEN TO WORK.

conference, are TO take an active part
In promoting this health program for
women which will be the share OF the
Y. w. c. A. 10 the big health move
ment in China.
The funds for establishing these
health centers, for demonstrations OF
how TO care for babies, for health
lectures for the women, for babies dis.
pensaries and for a general educa.
tional campaign, will be raised by the
American Y. w. O. A. as part of Its
program OF world service for women
and girls in 1920.
DIR. Ida Kahn, In recent appeal to
modern Chinese women said. Let our
women OF education In Peklng and
elsewhere gather themselves together
TO work for the schools, Red Cross and
Y. w. @. A., and everything else which
bespeaks the betterment Of the coun
try, instead Of staying at home TO play
poker and sparrow and going out 10
attend endless dinners, tea parties aud
dances
"Let us rally our forces and help the
ship Of state to move safely. One per.
son cannot accomplish much, but one
or two hundred millions Of women can
work wonders. Let US go back 10 a
more Spartan-like simplicity OF living
and let US build up social service until
every city In China Is sanitary, every
section OF the town has Its proper
schools, and every child, whether boy
or girl, is sent TO such schools. True
social service brings democracy In its
train, and we who are citizens OF a
new republic can help to make 1t truly
great by preaching and living democ.
racy all the time. Why not learn 20
do our household duties, deeming II
effeminate to be waited upon by maids
aud slave girls all the time?
THE status OF women In China
while leaving much to he desired, still
is quite hopeful when we consider
that she is just emerging into the sis
terhood OF the nations. Our men can
depend upon us 10 bear the burdens OF
the day. for nowhere Is there q more
industrious, diligent and persevering
womanhood than in China"
DR.. Kahn Is featuring in this coun
try on the needs Of her fellow country
women, in the Interests of the Y. w
c. A. Educational Campaign which
plans to acquaint people with all
phases OF Y w. G. A. work In the
United States. South America, China,
Japan, India and Europe. This educa-
tional campaign will be followed by
an active effort to raise the $4,000
needed for service for women through
out The world.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-12-25
IDEA ORIGINATED IN ORIENT
Fineer-Prlnt System Claimed to Have
Been In Use in Far East for
Many Years. 1

The finger-print system that sleuths
all over the world have successfully
used In catching desperate criminals
was the invention OF orientals, either
Chinese or japanese, according TO
rinipo de Filippi, writing in Nature.
The discovery was originally credited
TO Sir w. Herschel, i'm parliamentary
blue book, but Kumagusus Minakata,
q japanese, proved the case for the
East.
No one in the controversy quoted
Rashid-ud-din, who wrote about the
system I'm use in Cathay even In his
day. II was finger-print system or a
sort, although not like that In use
today. There was no blackening or
the hands prior to the taking or the
impression. hut rather the hand was
placed on paper and traced by the per
son taking the print. The hands OF
contracting parties were always placed
IN deeds in those days.
De Filippl says that this ancient
system Is worthy Of investigation to-
day. as study of the drawings shows
n distinct difference in the outlines
of fingers of the hands Of different In
dividuals, In the length Of the fingers,
the relative distance made by the AXIS
Of the thumb and the axis OF the nrst
finger, and In many other ways.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-12-25
EATS IN PECULIAR POSITION
FIaminao Forced to Contortions Be
cause Its Upper Jaw, Not the
Lower, Is Movable.

Nature has so created the be1iutl-
nl namingo that he does some things
both backwards and upside down. For
one thing. he eats with the crown or
hir head on the ground, in the bottom
nj some shallow stream From one
glance at his jaw one would think "
was badly broken. Instead, his Dill
is in perfect working order, only things
are reversed with II, and his lower
Jaw IL securely fixed. while his upper
isw is movable. Both portions OF MS
big heak are arranged In a series OF
thin plates. like the bills of all mem
brrs OF the duck family, so that he can
easily sift the nice squirmy things ne
likes from the soft mud.
FlamingOes frequent salt marshes
and when these become dry VIII then
90 long distance TO find others. Florida
used 10 be the birds happy hunting
ground and many lovely members or
The family could be met In other coun-
tries. Very few of them are left now,
and those surviving are very shy OF
The hunter. and seldom seen. Very
few are left in this country. ana bro
lovers predict that In a few years
r1ore they will become extinct.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-12-25
Still Use Dogs In Alps.

Although the tunnels when no"
connect Switzerland with Italy nave
greatly decreased the Importance OF
the ST. Bernard and other passes es-
pecially during the eight months or
snow. It is still deemed advisable 10
employ ST. Bernard dogs. IL Is no
longer customary. however to send
out the dogs alone with baskets OF
food and drink: n man always accom-
nnnIes them. These dogs are not real
" OF The famous old ST. Bernard
breed That originated in the four
teenth century, through cross be-
tween shepherd dog from wales
and Scandinavian dog whose par
ents were Great Dane and a Py-
renean mastifY. The last pure descend
AMI OF this tribe was buried under an
avalanche i'm 1915. Fortunately, there
were found subsequently at Martigny
and on the Simplon pass few dogs
which by crossing with mates from
Wales. yielded the modern st. Bernard
dog. which Is physically even stronger
than his medieval namessks, ana
shares most of his traits.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-12-25

Most persons will he surprised ~
hear that the idea of women requlr-
ing escort. especially OF a ureally pro-
tective nature. is of comparatively
modern origin. But such appears ia
he the ease. Nothing strikes one
more forcIbly in the study of medieval
literature than the absolute freedom
women enjoyed to travel. and wander
alone without fear Of molestaiion. The
times were unsettled undoubtedly
and men lived for fighting only. But
nevertheless. the helpless and defense
less were safe enough So far as on,
can Judge from contemporary liiera
ture. II is not to be denied that they
came to grief occasionally. but as
general rule men respected the Other
sex IN the days Of rhivalry, and ever
the worst Of scoundrels allowed an IN
protected woman to ride by unframed