davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

gress as a Democrat, in the present
day party sense.
For the achievement Of our commits
sion much of the credit has always
been given to Clay. The best opinion
nowadays overshadows him with Gal
latin The late Henry Adams, grand
son of the American chairman on the
occasion. and a conscientiously just
New England historian, writes: Far
more than contemporaries ever sup
posed or than is now imagined, the
treaty of Client was the especial
work and the peculiar triumph of
Mr. Gallatin."
The peace with Mexico, concluded
in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo,
was a curious specimen of such nego-
tiations. The lone hand American
commissioner was Nicholas Philip
Trist. chief clerk of the state depart
ment under President Polk, and, like
Polk a thoroughgoing Democrat as
Democrats are today. There was
nothing very intricate to negotiate
with Mexico. We had gone to war to
establish the boundary at the Rio
Grande as against the Mexican con-
tention for the Nueces.
The peace that was made not only
satisfied our government as to that
portion of the boundary but also fixed
the remainder of it, giving US New
Mexico and what was then called Up
per California. Trist's job was to
make those stipulations and conclude
treaty yielding to them. He first met
Santa Annals commissioners in the
summer of 1S47. General Scott had
not beer notified of Triest's mission,
and quarreled violently with him when
he appeared
Treaty Made Without Authority.
During an armistice in August Trist,
whose instructions as to New Mexico
and California had followed him, failed
to come to an agreement with the
Santa Anna commission, which made
counter proposals and rejected all
the American demands. At the end Of
the armistice fighting was resumed,
and in Difference to Scott Trist was
recalled by the authorities at Wash
ington. Before the order reached
him, however, he had made friends
with Scott and by SCOTS advice he re-
NAMED on the ground regardless of the
order. At Christmas time, 1847, SCOTS
army took the city of Mexico and
Santa Anna resigned the Mexican
presidency.
Trist then, without any authority
except Scotts, resumed negotiations,
procured the treaty that was wanted
and took it back to Washington. Polk
submitted 1t to the senate on February
%. Senatorial opposition caused modi-
f1cations to which Mexico aceeded, and
ratification came on March 49,
Our treaty Of peace with Spain was
concluded at Paris, December 10, 1898.
The American commissioners were
William R. Day, late secretary of state,
chairman; Senators Cushman K Davis.
William P. Frye and George Gray, and
Whitelaw Reid. All but one of the
men appointed by Mckinley were of
his own party. Senator Gray was
Democrat.
Spain relinquished sovereignty over
Cuba, ceded Porto Rico, the Philip
pines and Guam, and received $20,O00,-
600.
- .. = -. ~ -.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24
Directed Raids by Radio.

Investigation has disclosed that the
German submarine U-56, which ar
rived at Santander. Spain, I'M
der its own power, had been in com
munication with other U-boats at sea.
Commander Reisser OF the U-boat
was seen repeatedly signaling toward
the sea, while the Spanish government
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24


ligerent was a party reduces
strictly to the following: The Peace
of Paris after the Revolution; the
Peace of Client with Great Britain
after the War of 1872; the Peace of
Guadalupe Hidalgo with Mexico. 1913,
and the Peace of Paris after the war
With Spain.
Of some pertinence, however, are
the peace treaties forced on us by the
Barbary pirates, 1794-97, and by us on
them 20 years later; and the Peace
convention with France made In 1900
Technically in the latter case we had
not been at war, even though our
frigate Constellation had captured the
French frigate Insurgente and had de-
stroyed another. La Vengeance.
Our independence Recognized.
Our peace with Great Britain after
the Revolution was concluded by COM
missioners of congress under the
Articles of Confederation, and of
course before an American president
or constitution existed. washington
was simply commander in chief The
provisional treaty was signed at Paris
November 30, 1882, the definitive
treaty September 8, 1888, General
Washington having declared cessation
Of hostilities in January, 1888
The American commissioners in the
first conference were John Adams,
Franklin, Jay and Henry Laurens; in
the second the same without Laurens.
Richard Osgood negotiated for the
king in the first conference, David
Hartley. M. P, in the second. The
four main questions in both were the
boundaries of the United States, fish
ing rights off Newfoundland, the pay
ment of private debts of American cit
liens to British and compensation
by the United States to British loyal
lists (tories) whose property had been
|confiscated by the colonies during the
war.
4 The two former questions had to
be further adjusted later on, although
presumably conclusive agreements
were then arrived at, the United
States getting the territory between
the Alleghanies and the Mississippi,
and getting the right to fish off the
Newfoundland coast, but not to dry
the catches on those shores. There
was to be no lawful impeachment to the
recovery of debts either way, and
American legislation was to rec
ommend making the loyalists i'm
mune from confiscations or prosecu-
lions.
It is unlikely that there will ever
be an American peace commission
of greater ability than this one. Frank
lin, our representative at Paris, had
won for the struggling colonies the
Invaluable friendship and aid Of
the French government John Adams
was to be president, Jay to be chief
justice of the United States Supreme
court, Laurens was q former president
of the council of safety of South Caro-
lima and of the continental congress.
Our convention of peace, commerce
and navigation with France, which on
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

In caring for highways used now
ten times as much as they were year
ago-nothing could fit the case so wen
as "a stitch in time saves nine.'
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24
convenlences for Kitchen.

A medium-sized house, 20 by SO feet
In size, Is shown here, which has
splendid kitchen occupying the rear
corner of the house where it has
plenty of light and ventilation from
the different windows. The connection
between the kitchen and pantry is in
tended to make these two rooms into
a very satisfactory workshop with SUI
perior conveniences for doing the
housework. There is bakery work
table in front of a large window in
the pantry for making pastry that
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

awful shake to emphasize his words.
''Why, he called me a conscientious
ejectorl Now watch him being eject
ed l"-London Tit-Bits.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

Storage cellars for vegetables need
a cool temperature. II there is fur
mace in the cellar, partition of the
space for storage.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

intercepted wireless messages from
the U-56 after a French steamer was
sunk and its crew killed by subma-
rfne.
1t is quite obvious the U-56 was
sent to santander to organize the de-
struction of allied and Spanish
shipping from a favorable spot, it is
believed.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

convenient way, but it would pay
every hOusekeeper to sit down and
consider just how things could be
planned to require the least walking.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24

A WeII-Governed Mind.
A well governed mind learns in time
to find pleasure in nothing but the true
and the just.-Amiel.
The Pulaskian. (Pulaski Heights [Little Rock], Ark.) 1915-1929, 1919-01-24


set high enough for woman of aver
age height and the STOPPING and bend
ing over working surfaces that are
too low puts possibly more drudgery
into homework than any other one
thing.
Arrangement of Sink.
The sink should be adjusted to suit
the height of the woman who is to
use it; it should have short shelf
for stacking dishes at the right and
a wide drainboard at the left, with a
cupboard above; this is the only ar
rangement that provides for no UNI
necessary work in the process of dish
washing. There should be no cup
board under the sink-it is dark and
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Local Officers Return

Licutcnants Ben a. Sullivan and
Chas. i. Fleming, who have been with
the army OF occupation in Germany.
arrived in the city Saturday and have
donncd citizens clothes again. They
arrived at New York on the steamship
Lcviathan ten days ago, having been
with the contingent Of over 5000 Of
hccrs who took quarters in the steer
age to get home early. Lieut.. w. F..
Wright, Jr., who has also been with
the army Of occupation, arrived in the
city Sunday and went out to his home
a few miles from the city the same
evening.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Big Singing Convention.

The Laurcns County Singing Con-
vcnton is scheduled for a big Sing"
in the county Court House on the first
Sunday in August, the 3rd Of the
month. A large number of singers
from the surrounding counties are cX-
pcctcd and an enjoyable day is being
looked forward to. The program will
extend throughout most Of the day
with the exception Of an intcrmission
those in attendance. The public is
cordially invited to attend.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Fairyicw Stock Show Octobrr ard.

Friday, October 3, has been fixed as
the day for holding the Fairvcw stock
snow this year, according to an an
nounccmcnt made recently by w. f..
Mcdlock. The event is usually held in
September of each year. but for good
and sufficient reasons was postponed
Tor l9l9 until the month following.
This will be the thirty-third annual
show.
1t is hoped that this year the at
tendance will be the largest ever, and
an invitation is extended to the pub
lie, and especially to veterans Of the
war with Germany.
Although the premium list has not
yet been prepared, indications are
mat 1t will consist Of many baluable
prizes for the best livestock OF vari-
Gus kinds cXhiyaaed
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
ORGANIZING FARMERS "TRIP
TO CLEMSON COLLEGE
Farm DcmonSrator Moore Hopes to
Take n Large Party to Clemson COL
legr Next Week.

L ulh ncIiOuSINtOr MOOfC hopes to
Take n Large Party to Clemson COL
legc Next Week.
Farm Demonstration d. NJ. Moore is
arranging for large attendance of
l,aurens county farmers upon the ag-
ricultural course to be given at Glenn
son college :ieXt week, The week has
been set apart as Farmers Week" at
the college and tho program will con
sist OF discussions Of timely topics.
demonstrations Of tractor blowing,
stump pulling and other farm imple-
ment work besides addresses by prom
inent speakers. Mr.. Moore is dcsir-
Gus OF having a large representation
from LaurcnS county and requests the
use OF their cars by as many farmers
as can do SO. Those who do not have
cars are asked to join the party and
pay pro rata share Of TRANSFORMATION
expenses.
The present plan is to leave Laurens
next Tuesday morning at 1880 O'Clock
and go by way Of Greenville. returning
wednesday Or Thursday afternoon. A
valuable opportunity Of seeing some
line farms along the road will be Civ
en-. Mr.. Moore asks that all those
who will go 10 notify him at once.
Among the speakers on the program
are Editor Clarence Poe. Of the Pro-
gressive Farmer, and DR.. Hunter, of
the U. s. Department Of Agriculture.
DR.. Hunter will talk on the boil wceyil,
Expenses at the college will be 81 90
per day for meas and room.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Returns FROM Oyerscas.

The many friends of Mr.. Geo. T..
Pitts, former County Superintendent
of Education Of this county, will be
glad to know that he has returned
safe to Texas from overseas where ne
was engaged in Y, NJ. G. A. work dur
ing the war. Since his return to Texas
he has located at Tyler where he will
continue the Y. NJ. C. A. work. Mr..
Pitts writes to friend in Laurens
that he likes Texas better every day.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
POWER ELECTION
NEXT TUESDAY
Voters of the City to Decide Whether
OF Not City Shall Enter Into Pow.
er Contract with Recdy River Power

or Not City Shall Enter Into Pow.
er Contract with Recdy River Power
Company.
| Registration books for the election
to be held on the power contract clos
ed Saturday night and the election is
to be held next Tuesday. Mr.. r. IL.
6aDD, III charge of the registration
books, had practically 2GO names on
the registration list yesterday but said
the number may be slightly more or
less than this as the names had not
been carefully counted This number
is slightly in excess Of the number
registered for the first election when
total of 1876 votes was cast, 3S being
for the contract and 9S against it. The
contract to be voted on next Tuesday
is practically the same as the one
voted on in April except that it is to
run live years instead of ten.
The contract provides for a payment
by the city to the power company of
two and one-half cents per kilowatt
hour per month with minimum
charge fixed by the lowest bill for any
month in the first six months. The
previous contract between the power
company and the city provided for a
rate Of $50 per horsepower per year
with certain reservations or restric-
ions as to it's use. The city paid the
power company approximately $t1 $50
per year under that contract.
Since January Sth, when the old con-
tract expired, power has been bought
from the power company at the rate
provided for in the proposed contract
from January to July 1st, nearly a
SIN months period under the new
rates, the total Of the bills submitted
to the city by the power company, was
$I3"O.oO Estimating the seven day
period to July Sth TO make a full six
months, the total cost Of the power TO
the city for the first six months was
SI,3SO.3O or at tn crate of $l5,1Gl 90 per
year, provided the consumption Of the
last six months would be equal TO the
iirSt. Under the old rate the total
amount per year was $1l,65O.
The following is q list of the state
mcnts rendered by the power company
to the city since the old contract cX-
Dirol.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
CORN AVERAGE INCREASED
ABOUT 4 PER CENT
Field Agent Is. Is. Hare Gives Statistics
as to Agricultural Products In s. G..

report issued by b. B. Hare South
carolina Field Agent Of United Bu-
rcau of Crop Estimates, shows an in
crease OF 4 per cent OF corn acreage
in South Carolina over that Of last
year, the estimated acreage being g.
100000 acres Condition on July was
81 per cent Of normal, equivalent to an
average yield OF II bushels per acre.
The early paintings range from Fair"
to good" Intermediate paintings are
generally good, while late paintings
in various sections are suffering from
too much rain. many fields being foul
with grass and very much in need Of
cultivation. Considerable damage is
reported to bottom lands from over
How Of creeks and rivers, caused by re-
cent excessive rains.
The acreage in Irish potatoes shows
a reduction Of per cent as compared
with last year, while the acreage Of
sweet potatoes remains the same. Con-
dition Of the former is So per- r>ccnt and
the latter 90 per cent Of normal.
Acreage in tobacco has increased
from S6,400 acres in 1913 to 10000 in
1919. Condition July I. reported at So
per cent Of normal, equivalent to an
average yield OF 765 pounds per acre
Acreage in peanuts has been reduced
10 per cent as compared with last
year. and per cent reduction in
acreage Of sorghum can (for srup) is
noted Condition Of both is SS per
cent Of normal.
The apple and peach crops are both
reported at 5S per cent, or 2 per cent
less than onc-half, or a normal crop.
The condition OF other crops is as
follows: Rice SS per cent Of normal:
wheat 70: oats so; rye &c. hay 81; al
falfa So millcl 50: cowpcas So: toma-
toes So; cabbages So; onions Sc:
grapes so; pears IS; waicrmelons so;
cantaloupes and muskmclons rs.
The estimated production Of corn for
tho entire United States is 2,Sl5 ,0O0, 900
bushels, as against 2.5S3 900. 900 bush
els last year. The production Of cot
ton in round numbers is estimated al
100000 bales as compared with r.
100000 bales in 1919. Tho production
OF wheat will approximate l,iG0,000,0O 900
bushels or 2ii,000,000 bushels more
than last year and $40 100000 bushels
moro than the fvc-ycar average from
1913 TO 1917 Inclusive The DriCc Or
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
$7,330.50
Funeral OF Dr.. Maxwell.

The funeral Of DR.. j. II. Maxwell,
the colorcd physician who died last
week. was hcdl at the colorcd Mctho-
dist church Sunday evening The
church was flied with members Of his
own race and a number of white peo-
pie who rendered him a last tribute.
Eulogics of the deceased physician
were made by number Of his asso-
ciates and his pastor, all of them
Stressng his qualities of honesty and
integrity, both in his private and pro-
tcssional life. A great many floral
tributes were sent to the grave, several
handsome wrcaths being sent by the
white physicians of the city. After
the services in the church the remains
were laid to rest in the colorcd ceme-
terry on the western edge Of the city.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16

lutlOnary army from that state. Dur
ing the progress of the war he came
south and fought in number of bat
ties on South Carolina soil, and after
the war moved to South Carolina and
settled in Waterloo township, Laurens
county. Mr.. Watkins mother was
Hannah Elizabeth Culbertson Watkins,
daughter of Capt John Culbcrtson,
OF lIaurens county.
At the age Of l3 years Mr.. Watkins
entered Furman university, Greenvillc,
5. G., and received the degree OF Mas
ir OF Arts in 1883. His graduation
occurred a few days before he became
II years Of age. He taught school for
eight years, four in the public schools
in the state, and four at Furman uni
versity, whore he served as principal
or the preparatory school and sccre-
tary Of the faculty. In the meantime,
he read law under Wells e Orr, Of
GrCcnvillc. and Murray e Murray, Of
Anderson, took the summer course Of
lectures under DR.. John b. Minor, Uni
versity Of Virginia, and was admitted
to the bar in May 1892. lie Immediate
ly formed a partnership with Major
i. b. Murray, Of Anderson, the style
of the firm being Murray & Watkins,
which continued until Major Murray's
death in 1894. He then formed a part
n n IL,
under the style Of Bonham & Watkins,
and this partnership has continued
over period OF twenty-five years un-
til the present In 1907 Thomas Allen
was added to the firm, and the style
Of the firm Is now Bonham, Watkins
& Allen. This firm has enjoyed an
extensive practice, representing a
number Of thy most important enter
priscs in the northwestern section Of
the State.
Mr.. Watkins was one Of the organ
River Power company. and was also
| a director and vice president Of the
Anderson Water, Light and Power
company until these companies be-
came consolidated with larger electric
power companies. He is now direc-
tor in the Belton Savings and Trust
company Of Bolton, S. c., BrOgon
Mills, Anderson, and is vice president
and director Of Peoples Bank Of An
dersOn. lie has taken q most active
interest in educational affairs. He
served on the first board OF trustees
Of the Anderson graded school, was
for several years trustees OF Furman
university, of Grcenville Woman's col
gele and Connie Maxwell orphanage
At the organization of Anderson col
lege in 1911, ne was elected president
Of this board OF trustees, and has
served in that capacity ever since. Ho
Is also trustee OF the Anderson county
hospital association, and Of the Ander-
son Library association, and is also a
member Of the board OF education of
the State Baptist convention of South
Carolina.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
VI ARTIiL LAW on
IN TENAS COUNTY

Race Riot in Gregg County. Tex, Re-
suits in Establishment OF Martial
Law. Residents Forced to Turn in
Firearms.
Long View, Texas, July 13.-Martial
law was declared today in Long View
and the rest OF Gregg County as re-
suit Of race trouble here precipitated
by fight early Friday between white
men and negroes and marked the
Staying Of one negro early today af-
ter he had resisted arrest There was
no further disorder today
Brigadicr. General r. II. McDil, Of
dallas, returned to Long View today
and Immediately took command with
more than 250 cavalrymcn Of the Texas
National guard under his direction.
The proclamation OF martial law was
signed by General McDill and Lieut..
Col. Fl. G. Smith, representing the state
adjutant generals department.
All residents OF Long View were Civ
Oh until eight o'clock tonight to turn
in their firearms to the military au-
thOritics.
Further arrests are expected tomor-
row in connection with the clash Fri
| day between negroes and white men
which resulted when a group Of whites
went in search OF S. i. Jones a negro
| ne
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Now Has Sweet Potatoes.

Mr.. J. r. Rcddcn, who lives near
Ware Shoals, was visitor in tho city
Thursday Mr.. Redden said that while
in his sweet potato patch the other day
he was surprised to find nice large po-
tatoes under the vines. He intended
to bring some to town with him. but
forgot them until he had gotten too far
away from home. ~'sv@"e
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
CAPTAIN WILLIS
SUCCEEDS RECTOR
Governor Names Sheriff of Greenville
County. Young Army Officer to Fill
Place Made Vacant by Recent Kill
ING in Mountain City.

Place Made Vacant by Recent Kill
ing in Mountain City.
Columbia, July 15.-Govcrnor Coopcr
last night appointed Capt. Sam ID. Viii
lis, OF Grcenvillc, to be sheriff of
Grccnville county to fill the vacancy
created by the recent killing of Hen
dirk Rector. Captain Willis is ONLY
z? years old and is possibly the young
est man in the State to fiji the Office
or sheriff He was recently mustered
out of the service, having served in
france as captain Of the Butler
Guards, the Grecnvillc company, in
the Thirtieth Division. He also saw
service on the Mexican border.
There were a full dozen applicants
Tor the place. They were: J. l.. Bal
lenSer, Grcenvillc; I. NJ Wood, Greer;
f. 0. lloltzclaw, Greer; ]. w. Lit
1le' Simpsonville; J. Ben Watkins,
Greenvillc; w. A. Alison, Grcenyillo:
}. Fl. Bagwell Greenville; Capt. Sam
d. Willis, Grccnville; J. p. Charles
Greenville; II. D. Capeil and Dr.. J. r,
". Neal.
In connection with the appointment
of Captain Willis, Governor Coopcr
gave out the following statement:
1T is source Of real regret to me
that il is necessary for me TO dis
appoint the other applicants, some Of
whom arc very close personal friends
OF mine. Only one man could be an
pointed, however.
IL is appropriate that call atten-
lloh 10 the spirit in which the various
applicants have conducted themselves
Not one OF them has said anything TO
me against any other applicant and
while each has very naturally and
properly been anxious for the Office.
it has been the rule that each has said
III effect, i want you to name thc
man who will be Of most value TO tho
county, for that is The importan,
'hlnS.' | do not recall having par
llcipated in any matter OF this kind
Whcrc there was such unvaryine GOOD
feeling and sincerity. There was NOT
an applicant who showed himself un-
worthy, and neither was there an an
plicant who would, in my opinion,
nave made a failure in the Office had
it been given to him.
In this connection | wish 10 add
this word: An officer is almost helpless
save where he is backed by publjc
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16
Unyriling Monument,

Cottonwood Camp, 725, w. o. W..
VIII unveil a monument at Laurens
Mill Cemetery on Sunday, July 90, al
4:3O p. m. All other camps are cor
daily invited to be present and Nom
bcrs OF Cotton wood Camp are cspec-
Tally requested TO be on hand.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1919-07-16

Continued on Page Tour.)