davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

An account OF this Is recorded in some
old letters which are preserved IN
Spain. one of the letters declares that
men had TO assist with the paddle
wheels, while tho other merely men
tions the caldrons of steaming water.
In 1890 Denis Papin. a French engi-
neer, by reason of some political trou-
bles left his country. became a refugee
IN Hesse and was a professor in the
University there for several years. lie
published in that year methodical
and clear description of the fire engine
now known as the Atmospherical en-
CINE. and suggested the practicability
OF applying the power of steam TO the
navigation OF rivers. Some scientists
think that Papin's idea of steam nav
igation was never carried out, but was
merely a theory. while still others con
tend that he actually constructed a
steamboat which he navigated upon
the River Fulda In 1907.
Again in 1859 a Swiss clergyman
named Genevois published a book in
which he declared that boats might be
propelled by the atmospheric steam
engine. Any number of experiments
were made by scientists OF various
lands, but the most prominent was
that OF an Englishman who took out a
patent on boat propelled by steam in
1888. The drawing OF this is stir
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

preserved in the English patent office.
1t represents a steamboat one hundred
and forty feet long with paddle-wheels
on a shaft turned by a single hori-
zontal steam cylinder and piston with
a double rack work and pauls on the
piston rod.
IL is not known whether a boat OF
this actual size was tried out but II is
known that a coal barge went up the
Thames River propelled by an engine
such as was patented with one man al
the wheel.
Rumsey And Fulton
In 1855 a certain James Rumsey
gave a public exhibition on the Poto-
mac River above Shepherds;own, West
Virginia, OF his discovery that boat
could be propelled by steam up stream
against the current. The boiler and
machinery for Rumsey's boat we're
made at Catoctin Iron Furnace in
Frederick county. Maryland. After
the experiment had proved a success
he destroyed his first model and sailed
for England hoping that in an older
and richer country his work would win
for him fame and fortune. but he died
OF apoplexy there before his invention
was complete.
Tho citizens of Shepherdstown have
recently erected n monument to his
memory. u is said that Robert Full
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

They are very pretty and not very
expensive.
OF course. the famous Swiss Choco-
late finds a market in Geneva and is
always sure to be fresh During the
war number of soldiers who suffered
from tuberculosis were sent to various
parts of Switzerland, many to Geneva
and Swiss chocolate was fed to them
in great quantities on account of its
strengthening qualities.
II is Lake Geneva. however. that
makes this city the tourists paradise
and even during the war people OF
many lands were 10 be found in
Geneva resting far from the scene of
blood and carnage.
The sail boats known as barques
of Lake Geneva are picturesque and
although the Lake is very cold people
hire these boats for fishing purposes
and on pretty days the bosom of this
clear sheet of water is dotted with
them from end 10 end.
Castle OF ChiIIon
A steamboat makes trips twice
day, stopping at many towns and In
teresting places along the lake. The
Castle OF Chillon made famous by Lord
Byron's Prisoner of Chillon" is one of
these. The Castle is a ruin yet one
may find the dungeon of Bonevard
and several other rooms. II stands on
a point projecting into the Lake with
a double background, the steep wood
ed slope tumbling down from the Bots
de la Raveyre and beyond the head of
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

ed and so perfectly are these arranged
that the history Of Geneva may be
traced from the early ages.
The library was founded about the
middle of the 18th century and many
rare books are on exhibition. There
Is some valuable manuscript written
on papyrus OF the sixth century. The
city also maintains fine botanical
garden showing a specimen OF every
plant growing in the Alps and added
10 this Is a gallery of portraits of the
famous botanists OF Switzerland. The
city has many statues. the most i'm
portant being known as the national
monument which shows two huge fig
ures of bronze representing Helvitia
and Geneva. They are such heroic
figures that a distant view is better
than a close one. Many of the old
houses such as the one inhabited by
John Calvin. have been torn down and
tablets erected TO their memory placed
on the new dwellings which. of course,
are far less interesting than the sight
of the real houses.
Products
The city abounds In most attractive
shops and very few visitors fail 10
purchase a Geneva watch, a piece of
ivory carving or some lace. One of
the Swiss cantons is particularly fam.
Gus for its lace making and much OF
Il is for sale in Geneva. The ivory
carvings are generally brooches, hat
pins. earrings. etc. carved into the
shape of flowers and then painted.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

the lake. the saw like top of the snow
capped Dent du Midi. The central
tower of the Castle is red topped and
stands out with a startling clearnesi
against a background of scenic gram
deur. Taken all in all the Castle OF
Chillon is one Of the most poetic and
thrilling scenes in the world with tti
combination of picturesque beauty and
historical association.
When travelling in the suburbs OF
Geneva, especially in the mountains
a chalet with a girl with goat milk
for sale is sure to be found. She il
always picturesque and frequently has
her goats on exhibition. Bread and
cheese are also served for a trife.
Calvin And Rousseau
To some historians the city Of
Geneva is known as the home Of the
two famous exiles. Calvin being exiled
by his enemies. and Rousseau by him
self. his worst enemy. Calvin stuck
to his theology and was a Protestant.
Rousseau was a Catholic, who canted
and recanted many times. becoming o
coward as to his beliefs. and finally
almost an atheist. The visitor will
hear much of these men while in
Geneva, but the average visitor pre-
fers the up-to-date way of enjoying
himself by sail on the lake with tho
steamer pursued by seagulls that have
grown so tame they will catch piece
OF bread thrown from the boat in thelt
bills before II strikes the water.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

Trinity while a visitor TO Geneva, was
arrested and executed at the stake
through the influence OF Calvin. In
1859 Calvin founded a school OF Prot
estant theology and while he died IN
1864 the college became famous and
his doctrine has been firmly rooted in
that city ever since.
IN the eighteenth century there
were discussions and even bioodshed
between the old families on account
OF certain monopolies and trade in
which the poorer classes failed to
share. Had they occurred in the pres
ent day they would have been called
strikes. Religious troubles arose in
1712 and n large number OF Rous-
seau's writings were burned at the in
stigation OF Voltaire. who seems TO
have obtained favor with the powers
az that period. After many political
and religious troubles Geneva in 1914
Joined the Swiss Confederation and in
1876 overthrow the conservative gov
eminent, and in 1S47 adopted demo-
cratic constitution which now exists.
Tourist Paradise
The city has always been a favorlte
louIlst resort especially 10 those who
prefer the French language for there
one hears very little Of the German
which is used almost exclusively in
Zurich and Bern. The Rue Mt. Blanc
Is the business part of the city and
leads TO the Pont du Mont Blanc.
which is separated from the Pont des
Bergues by Rosseau's Island united to
the latter by n bridge. The Quai du
Mont Blanc IS the main entrance by
water to the city and nearby are quays
where tempting shops including those
in which are 10 be found the famous
watches and ivory jewelry. for which
Geneva is so noted.
The best hotels are on the lake
front and the view of the famous Mt
Blanc from their windows Is beautiful
even more so than at Chamonix which
lies directly at its foot. At sunset the
view from the Lake at Geneva is I'M
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

reproduced here, was kept by the
masters. The valuable relic IS made
up of ninety-six pages of coarse, wide
paper, and Is in the handwriting of
stephen Rogers. the Sailing Master,
who died in New London, Connecticut,
in 1865, aged seventy-four years. Tho
log is owned by his descendants.
The Savannah made only one trip
across the Atlantic. After this trip
the engines were removed and she was
used as a sailing vessel between New
York and Savannah. She was wrecked
in 1921.
Largest Steamship OF Today
After this crossing, steamship build.
ing began in earnest and companies
were formed who We'd with each other
in the swiftness and beauty OF their
vessels. AS years went by they grew
in size as well as in the luxury OF
their furnishings. The war stopped
the beautiful passenger type OF ship,
and in 1914 the largest steamship on
the ocean was known as the Water.
land" which belonged to a German
steamship company. She happened to
be at Hoboken when the war broke
out and was interned. When America
Joined the Allies she was taken over
to carry our troops TO the other side
and her named changed to "Levia-
than" only a short time ago she
brought nearly thirteen thousand of
our boys home from their duty "over
there"
She is an evolution from the three
hundred and eighty ton Savannah"
which had few comforts, TO a magnif'
cent steamship OF sixty-five thousand
tons-a veritable floating palace, and
represents the worlds progress in a
century OF steamship building. How
will the Atlantic be crossed one hun.
dred wears hencc2
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

excelled in the world for Mt. Blanc
over $1,000 feet and always snow GOV.
cred stands out In all its beauty, with
the Aiguille du Midi nearly 1000 feet
at the left. The Dent du Giant and
the Grandes Jorasses lie directly in
front while many Of the lower noun
tains slope to the lake and form a
panorama of wonderful scenery. Al
sunset, If the day happens to be clear
(Which unfortunately is rare for Gen
eva is famous for its rains), these
mountains are. mirrored in the clear
water Of the lake and the scene is one
of indescribable grandeur.
Interesting Scenes
The Cathedral of ST. Pierre. a Ro-
manesque building of'the 10th century
and consecrated by Conrad il is one
of the sights of the town. It stands
on a hill and seems TO predominant
the skyline Of the city. The interior
is gothic and many people famous In
Swiss history are buried in vaults in
parts of the church. The Cathedral
was renovated and old parts restored
in 1905, and at present organ recitals
are given there three times a week
during the summer months. There is
no lack of amusement for there are a
of theatres and Krusal in
which there are vaudeville shows ev-
cry night in the summer season. This
is on the Quai du Mont Blanc. A
small admission is charged but this
does not make It pay, so every visitor
has what is known as "a Kur tax at
tached to his hotel bill. small sum OF
FIVE or ten a day extra for aniuse-
ments. In this way whether one visits
the Krusal and pays the admission or
not he aids in keeping up the amuse-
ment For those more seriously In
clined there is a museum where some
excellent paintings are on exhibition
and a department where many things
70 Swiss history are exhibit
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

red cross flag as an arm badge and the
red cross nag flying over a building
was to be respected by all nations. II
was here too that II was decided that
all hospital ships must be marked with
a green stripe.
Geneva is delightfully."- situated at
the south end of a Lake by the same
name. Including suburbs, which are
almost as interesting asthe city itself
It contains about 10000 inhabitants.
The River Rhone divides the city in
two parts, one known as the old town
on the left bank where the govern
ment Offices and business houses are
located. on the right bank are the
/ Quarter st. Gervais and the beautiful
suburb OF Les Paquis, which has
grown with extraordinary rapidly
since the removal OF the old fortihca-
tions In 1850.
Early History
The city is the capital Of a small but
populous canton OF the same name
and has an interesting history. II is
mentioned as long ago as the First
century, b. c.. and was a Roman
province. As far back as 43S II was
the capital OF Burgundian kingdom.
In 534 it came into the possession of
the Franks. Later in 1893 Il became
part of the German Empire and in
1884 the Emperor Conrad II caused
himself TO be crowned there as King
Of Burgundy. There were many con-
fiicts between the Bishops OF Geneva
and the Imperial Counts OF Geneva.
In 1913 the city formed an alliance
with Fribourg and eight years later
with Bern.
Then came the Reformation which
Geneva zealously embraced and in
1903 John Calvin, refugee from
France. found asylum at Geneva. In
1888 ne was banished, but on his re-
turn three years later. his eloquence
charmed the people, but his sway was
tyrannical and intolerant and Michial
Servetus. a Spanish physician, who
had written against the doctrine OF the
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

that both men and vessel would be
lost. However. It was determined TO
make a coastwise voyage as trial.
The Savannah"
The Rogers brothers were enthusi-
astic over the idea of the trip to Liver
pool and induced a number of cap
italists to purchase the ship Just
launched. and so we'll adapted for the
purpose. Accordingly, she was named
Savannah" They allowed the rigging
and other appurtenances for sailing to
remain and supplied her with steam
machinery and Notwithstanding lai-
ter constructed to fold up like a fan
and TO be laid upon deck when not in
use. her shaft having also a joint for
that purpose. The wheel-house was
made of canvas extended on an iron
rim. She made her trial voyage from
New York to Savannah in April. 1919,
in seven days after a tempestuous pas
sage during which she had TO take in
her wheels several timss and rely upon
her sails. President Monroe was at
Charleston, South Carolina, and Mr.
Scarborough. one of the financial back
ers OF the future ocean trip, directed
that she go in there and give the Pres
ident an invitation TO come on ship
board Owing to other business the
President was compelled TO decline,
but said he would come to Savannah
10 meet the steamer and a few days
later. accompanied by his suite. sew
eral naval officers and civilians the
President came aboard and inspected
the ship and was taken on a little trip
down the river, the vessel using its
steam on the journey. Later the Pres
ident dined on board and expressed
himself as delighted with the project.
on the trip across the ocean the
steamship started from New York. but
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17

stopped at Philadelphia, which Is the
reason for that city claiming to be the
actual starting point which she left on
May 22nd. 1919. with Liverpool as her
objective point. All went well until
June 18th when the vessel was stopped
by the British cutter kite" whose
commander thought the vessel was on
fire and stopped her to assist in fight
ing the flames. She was also stopped
outside Liverpool by an English sloop-
of-war whose commander asked the
American vessel to display the British
colors above its own. Captain Rogers
refused and threatened the British Of
fcer with boiling water If he did not
leave the ship at once. He left inn
mediately. The Savannah reached
Liverpool on June goth. after a voyage
of twenty-nine days and eleven hours.
The engines were used during eighteen
days of the trip. 1t is stated that on
the "Savannah's" approach to Liver
pool with sails furled and the Ameri-
can colors flying the piers were
thronged by thousands who greeted
her arrival with boisterous cheers,
and before she anchored her decks
were so crowded with curiosity seek.
ers that it was with the greatest diff
Guilty that the crew could move about
In the performance OF their duty.
After a stay in Liverpool where
the steamship was regarded as one OF
the wonders of the world, the vessel
proceeded to Stockholm. and later to
~
where she was inspected by the no.
bility and foreign ministers. She left
that port on September 2Sth, 1919.
and arrived in Savannah November
30th, after an absence OF one hun
dred and ninety-two days.
An interesting log. too long 10 be
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17
100 Years Ago the Say
annah, d Tiny Steamer of
$50 Tons Began It's His
foric Trip Across the AT
ianfic = Today We Have
the Mighty Leviafhan of
ODD Tons.
lnyright. 1919. The International syndica

topy right 1919. The international Syndicate
~ r is remarkable coincidence that
u just one hundred years after the
g first steamship crossed the Atlantic
y a flying machine should undertake
the same voyage. The people OF that
day no doubt were far more skeptical
Of the ability OF a vessel propelled by
steam to make It's way 70 Europe than
are we OF the present time that an
airplane will perform the same feat.
The progress IN locomotive inventions
during the last generation has been
little short OF marvellous. and as mans
genius has provided many wonderful
means of transportation on land far
beyond the Imagination OF those OF a
few years ago II Is not surprising that
the same genius courage and perse-
verance will overcome all the obstacles
in the way OF transportation over the
ocean through the air. The occasion
for the experiment IS most appropri-
ate, and no better time could have
been selected for the initial voyage OF
an airplane to Europe than the cen
tenary anniversary OF the first success
ful trip OF a steamer. 10 IS doubtful
II the perils OF the air 10 a flying ma
chine on such a voyage are regarded
today as more dangerous than were
the perils OF the ocean to the steamer
a century ago.
Trip Started May 81, 1919.
The anniversary OF the first success
full crossing OF the Atlantic ocean one
hundred years ago will be commem-
grated on May 22nd, the date
when the Savannah" sailed from
Philadelphia for Liverpool. and Il Is
likely that tho Quaker City will have
a great celebration Of the event. The
boat was built in New York and was
launched on August 22nd. She
was mastered by the two Rogers
Captain Moses Rogers. the Comman-
der. and Captain stephen Rogers, tho
Sailing Mate. The vessel was three
hundred and eighty tons burden.
Evolution OF Steam AS Motive Power
Steam as n motive power on the wa
ter had been tried on rivers and lakes
many years before, for as far back as
1543 It is said that Blasco de Garray.
a native OF Biscay. had tried a vessel
OF two hundred and nine tons called
the Trinity" with more or less sue
cess al Barcelona, Spain-the motive
power OF this vessel being a caldron OF
boiling water and a movable wheel
suspended on each side OF the vessel.
Evening journal. [volume] (Wilmington, Del.) 1888-1932, 1919-05-17
A Short Sketch of fhePic-
turesque City SeIecfedTo
Be the Meeting Place of
the League of Nations.
0Pyrisht 1913, The INTERNATIONAL Syndicate,

Copyright 1919, The International Syndicate
~ HE League Of Nations is assured
and whatever difference OF opin-
ion there might be as TO It's terms
and conditions. there was none
as TO the need for such a combination
OF Nations. When the establishment
OF the League was determined upon,
some contest arose as to the place
where the tribunals created thereby
should sit and decide the momentous
questions coming within its jurisdic,
ton. Although Brussels made a Wig
orous fight for tho honor, Geneva was
finally selected. This was an excellent
as well as most fitting choice. The
beautiful city of the still more beau,
tifui and picturesque Switzerland has
been the scene OF many arbitrations
dealing with serious and delicate prob.
lens resulting from warfare.
Scene OF Many Settlements
II was there that the Alabama
claims were settled. claims of the
United States against England for per
hitting the Alabama and other armed
vessels to be built in English territory,
10 be used by the Confederate States
against a friendly power.
Geneva was the seat OF two conven-
tons establishing the rights and priv
ileges of soldiers wounded in war and
OF those whose sacred duty 1t is to
care for the dead and wounded. The
first convention held in 1854 consisted
OF ten articles in reference to the neu-
trality OF hospitals and ambulances.
The second one held in 1868 was on
the same subject and consisted partly
OF interpretations of the former con-
vention and partly of an application
OF It's principles as to maritime war
Care. II was at this time that II was
aecided that the person. wearing the
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-10-26
START PROBE OF
PR0FITEER|NG
FOR STATE BODY
Legislative Committee Meets
to Investigate Need Of Spe-
ciaI Session to Pass
More Laws.

Lincoln, Neb., Oct. 25.-Special
Telegram. -Four members of the
Joint committee Of the state legis-
lature, appointed to confer with the
executive officers of the state rela-
tive to the necessity Of calling a
special session of the legislature to
take up the profiteering problem,
met here today.
Senator H. F. Neal Of Nemaha
was selected chairman of the COM
mittee, and Representative E. R.
Purcell of Custer secretary. Other
members present were Senator John
w. Cooper Of Douglas and Repre-
sentative H. ]. Mclaughlin of
Hall. Senator w. ]. Taylor and
Representative D. S. Hardin of Har-
Ian were the absent members.
The committee will spend con-
siderable time between now and
the next meeting looking into the
matter of profiteering and say they
are determined to sift the PROPOSE
ton down and if they find that the
matter can be handled by the legis-
lature in a way which will bring re-
suits, they will ask the governor to
call anothtr special session. In the
absence of the governor, who was
out of the city, the lieutenant gov
ernor was called into the confer
encc.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-10-26
Relating Charge
Against Bankers
Life Is Dismissed

Lincoln, Oct. 2s.-(Special. y
The complaint against the Bankers
Life Insurance company Of Des
Moines and General Agent Levey
At Omaha, charging 1ebating On the
part Of the premium on four poll
eies written for members of the
Omaha Sausage company, has been
dismissed by w. B. Young, chief
OF the state bureau OF insurance, on
the grounds that there was not suf-
ficient evidence shown that rebat-
ing had been done.
The evidence presented by the
association was the testimony Of
the agents of several other COM
panies that in conversation with
members of the Omaha Sausage
company the members told them
that thy had given the business to
the people who made them the best
proposition. Some of the testimony
tended to show that they had made
statements that the commissions
were returned to them.
As evidence for the defense, Mr..
Levey presented a note, signed by
]. Goldenburg, for the Omaha
Sausage company, for the full
amount Of the premiums and the
check which was subsequently given
in payment of this note.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1919-10-26
Ten Companies Apply For
Permits to Issue Stock

Lincoln, Neb., Oct. 2,.--(Special.)
The Falls City Operative Ex-
change company Of Falls City has
been given authority by the state
bureau of securities to issue 100000
in common stock.
Applications for sale of stock hav.
been received as follows:
Farmers Union Cooperative as
ISOLATION, Seward, S28,700 common;
The Associated Oil and Pipe Line
company, Denver, 100000 common;
Farmers Terminal Elevator COM
pany, Sioux City. Ia, 100000 COM
mon; Farmers Elevator and Trad
ing company, Martell, Neb., $4,000
common; Producers and Con-
sumers Mercantile company, Grand
Island, $4,000 common; Falls City
Wholesale and Supply company,
Falls City. 100000 common; Lalley-
Wilson Electric company, Omaha,
$1,000 preferred; Midway Amuse-
ment park, Kearney, $74,500 COM
mon; Farmers Union Cooperative
association, Chadron, $4,000 COM
mon, and National Redwood COM
pany, Lincoln, $2,000,000 common.