davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1919-02-18

thinkable prosperity, but that the
South is threatened with calamity
TO it's commercial life as result of
the price of cotton. 1t is pointed out
that there must be drastic reduction
in acreage as well as a holding Of the
present crop and the resolutions pro-
vide:
For the systematic holding of cot
ton now on hand until it reaches IS
cents basis middling. Systematic
plans for SO 1-s per cent: reduction
in cotton acreage throughout the belt.
However, any man planting five acres
or less to the horse to make no re-
duction.
six to seven acres, reduce one acre
to the horse.
Eight to nine acres, reduce two
acres to the horse.
Ten to 13 acres, reduce three acres.
Fourteen acres, reduce four acres.
Fifteen to 1s acres, reduce five
acres.
Seventeen to IS acres, reduce six
acres.
| Under no circumstances will any
farmer plant more than IL acres to
the horse.
Systematic plans for reduction in
the use of commercial fertilizers"
In the resolution adopted, the gov
ernor of the State is requested to set
aside February % as Reduction
Pledge Day." at which time farmers
over the entire STATE are to be ap-
lpealed to to sign pledges for the re-
duction of cotton acreage one-third
and the planting of lands in food
crops instead of cotton and the re-
duction of commercial fertilizer so per
cent. of the amount used in 1918 for
cotton. The governor is also asked
to call upon the governors of other
States to call for meetings of farmers
and business men so that the move
ment may become Southwide in scope.
The committee on resolutions
recommended that a committee OF
seven persons be named by the gov
ernor to inaugurate Statewide cam
paign to effect the purposes set forth.
AS funds were needed for this COM
mittee to work effectively loans were
called for and more than S1,500 was
subscribed. It is planned to repay
this money at later date.
Clemson College is asked to assist
in every possible way in securing
pledges for a reduction of acreage.
In the resolution bankers are called
upon to scrutinize closely all applica-
tions for loans, and not to grant loans
for operating farms on which there is
no proof of reduction Of one-third IN
cotton acreage.
Officials of the South Carolina
Bankers Association are also called
upon to communicate with officials
of similar associations in other States
asking them to adopt plans similar
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1919-02-18
to those suggested for South Caro-

lima bankers.
The president of the Farmers
Union is also called upon to cooper.
/ ate in the movement and to call upon
| the unions in other States to take like
steps. The commissioner Of agricul'
ture is called upon to communicate
with other commissioners so that the
whole South may be affected by the
movement. The assistance of the
United States agricultural depart,
ment is requested as is that of the
State warehouse commissioner and
the chamber of commerce and boards
of trade of the cities over the State
| In the resolutions adopted the gov,
i>ernor was requested to appoint dele
gates to the New Orleans convention
which meets February 17-1S. 1t was
resolved that the delegates appointed
! be instructed to stand for price OF
not less than IS cents, basis middling
! for cotton now on hand, one-third re,
duction of the cotton acreage and oO
per cent. reduction in commercial fer
tilizer of the amount used in 1918 for
cotton to be used in 1919 on cotton
The legislature is to be requested
to make an appropriation to defray
the expense of representative OF
cotton in the Peace Conference. Other
States are also to be asked to defray
the expenses of a delegates SO that
cotton may have representation at the
conference.
The resolutions also set forth the
necessity for publicity and carry the
request that the press give the move
ment all the publicity possible. The
commissioner of agriculture is re-
quested to make public daily the num-
ber of pledges secured in each county
during the campaign.
The federal reserve banks in Rich
mond and in Atlanta are requested to
render every assistance possible IN the
carrying out of the plans.
The organization, according to the
resolutions is to be- known as the
South Carolina Cotton Association.
J. H. Davis was appointed to, re-
quest the association in the legislature
and to go before the agricultural COM
mittee to secure an appropriation to
send a representative to the Peace
Conference.
The association went on record as
favoring the Smith bill which covers
the character Of cotton deliverable
upon cotton exchanges amended so as
to include tinges of the same grade.
When the association was called to
order yesterday morning, B. Harris
presented Gov. R. A. Cooper, who said
that the farmers and bankers had
been called together to consider mat
ters of vital Importance to the South.
He said that it was not time to talk,
but that the time had come to act
and to act quickly. He emphasized
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1919-02-18

Miss Mary Buford of Chicora col
lege spent the weekend at home.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
s<blifIY PRESSED
On FLANK

While the main body Of the Ninth
army pushed forward increasingly on
tn. tsoix killuaxki station line. Gen.
erai yon Morgcn covered their flank
north ~ I.owicz with the Fira, II. G..
lie was soreiy pressed. At first he
had 60 rely for protection on his own
vigorous attacks. and then he had 20
meet an attack from Russian corps
which had crossed from Sovo Geor.
gievNk 10 tho left bank OF the Wis.
tpla. Thanks 10 the subsidiary op.
Grafton near Miawa tths cavalry
felnt TO the east Of tho yls,uial this
movement proceeded but slowly.
The cenpr OF the Ninth army. Won
Richthofcn's cavalry corps. the Third
guard division and tho Twenty nth
reserve corps finally hrok. the r.
klstance offered them. The army
crossed the feowier r.odr line and
pushed far 10 the south by ErwheHh,
lny az miles cas, Of LODI Thcsc
troops were now well In the rcgr Of
larx. Russian forcesi their attention
fired on tho south and west. and
they strove for n great succes.. An
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

the Russians. otherwise the position
aa far ms the river Warta go miles
southweau was somewhat Obscure.
Here was the First Russian army.
part OF which Htill extended 20 the
right hank OF the vistuia. II was
composed OF from 10 20 IA divisions
use. 0oasto s0o.00 mem. We might
certainly rely on there being from
eight to 10 divisions between the
Vistula and the Warta.
Immediately north OF tho warta.
strong Russian cavalry forces were
pushing toward the frohtler. The
bulk OF tho Russian army was In
line from the warta. north OF sier.
ada. thru Novo Radomsk go miles
gion northeast of cracow. Other por,
tons had arrived In Gallcia on the
river DunaJec and were pushing into
the Carpathiann
The hostile advance movements
had come 10 atandatiil. for the
destruction OF the railways lin the
German retreat had produced the In.
tended effect. Hui there we're now
signs that resumption Of their for.
ward movement was 10 be expected.
General won Mackensen began op'
crau0na without delay on Novrmiar
II. We could only agree with him.
The Russians were taken completely
hy surprise. but even In the early
days of our advance Their. was very
heavy fighting. extremely expensive
TO both sides. near wiociawee. Kutno
and pombe. The enemy were beaten
a..
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
HIS PLAN To
TRAP RUSSIANS

In the meantime the deployment
OF the ninth army had been carried
out and completed according 10 plan.
The railways had met the demands
made upon them. As early as the
evening of November 10. tho army
stood In readiness for the forward
movement.
The Twentyfifth and First r. G.
sooth OF Thorn Direction OF adj.
vance. Wioclawcc Lowicz.
Won Richshofen's cavalry corps,
Twentieth A. c. and Third guard al.
vision. south Of HohensaiHa. with
orders 60 march ON Kutno
Seventeenth A. C.. southeast Of
Gnescn. march direction. Lent.
schytxa.
Eleventh A. C.. east OF wrcschcn.
march direction. kolo. Dohle.
f'rommers cavalry corps. between
unieiov and slcradz. march direction,
Lods
PoHcn corps on the Kniisz sicrady
line. march direction. t.aEk.
nay this movement he launched
striking force OF about 250. 900 men
from the northwest corner OF Rus.
sian Poland on a gate-like- move.
mcnt. The Thorn troopa $50 0ool
had to march % miles southeast 20
Lowicz and cut the railroad between
Lodz and Warsaw. the chief conn
munication line OF the Russian
armies In tho viztula bend The
troops from Hohcnsaixa $4,000 mem.
Gneacn 10000 mrni and wrcnchcn
ssto.0 mem were 60 come by short,
or marches until they formed a tine
front OF about 80 miles facing south
on Lode and on tho flank OF the
Russians. The other two German
forces ESQ. 900 mem were then 10 preas
east almost at rich, angles 20 this
line and close the trap
From the f.andsturm OF the Bres.
Tau corps little was 20 be expected.
and the sam. applied to the attached
Austrian cavalry division. other
forces were At the time not yet In
position. An offensive further south
was not yet 10 be thought Of The
idea OF such a movement BY General
won wayrsch alone. who had already
felt strong Russian pressure. could
not 10 considered for a moment
In the bend Of thr vlstuia. wioc-
lawcc go miles southeast OF Thorn
on the vistuiai was in the hands OF
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
NO CHANCE FOR
BOLD BLOW

The left wing OF the Ninth army
had now been so strengthened that
there was no longer cause for
anxiety. IL could slowly work its
way toward the enemy's positions on
the Bzura tthe outward dcfenses OF
Warsaw. But this movement was
now merely in the nature OF a purely
frontal attack and not an enveloping
movement on bold lines.
The Second a. C. had been sent TO
positions east OF Sieradz. At the be.
ginning OF December an attack made
by the Second A. c. was crowned
with success and they pushed for.
ward in the direction o. LODI. What
would we not have given for this
success a fortnight earlier.
The Russians evacuated LODI on
December s and retired behind the
River Miashga. Further south, also.
We now gained more ground owing
to the enemy having weakened that
part OF his line In the latter half
OF November I'm order TO hold LODI.
on December Is Lowicz was taken
by our northern wing. and from our
central front further local progress
was recorded.
South OF Cracow the situa ton had
become more acute. The Austro-
Hungarian general staff had urgent.
ly asked for German division TO
reinforce the Austrian front Re
luctantly We sent the Forty seventh
reserve division. From a purely
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
AUSTRIAN TRAP
AGAIN FAILS

General Won Conrad intended en-.
veloping the Russian southern wing
from the Carpathians. In order TO
make this plan possible he had con
siderahly thinned his front. In the
eventful battle for Limanova and
sapanov. from the Ord to the i4th OF
December. he succeeded in beating
the Russians west OF the River Duna.
jcc. II was triumph for the Aus
tro. Hungarian army after the many
reverses they had suffered since the
beginning of the war.
Under the pressure Of our progress
In Poland and Galicia. the Russians
fen back behind the Bzura-Rawka
sector. the Upper Pilica, the Nida
and the Dunajec.
The enveloping forces OF General
Boroevic from the Carpathians soon
came upon very superior enemy
which attacked them without hesita-
ton. The Austro Hungarian troops,
which were trying TO envelop the
enemy. were forced back into the
Carpathians. Here state Of affairs
was developing which was destined
70 exercise influence Of the utmost
Importance upon the plans for
1915.
In the bend of the Nistula some
local fighting occurred. especially on
the front OF the Ninth army, which
ought not TO have taken place. We
we're stiil inexperienced In trench
warfare. should have pursued a
holder policy from the start The
danger was that the gain would not
be commensurate with the loss. II
was the duty OF leadership TO guard
against this.
During the operations we had
great trouble in getting the railway
lines, which we had ourselves previ-
ousiy completely destroyed. into
working order again We worked
now with might and main 10 restore
them. but considerable time elapsed
before the railway communications
were really In order.
The troops, who were everywhere
exhausted, suffered much on account
of this. II was particularly regret
table that we were not able 10 get
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
DEFENDS sACKING
or POLAND

The measures for the government
of the Poles in the occupied territory
took up a great deal of time. They
are now OF no interest. The country
had no reason TO complain, even IL
the situation compelled us TO remove
valuable war raw material. poland
was stripped OF articles useful TO the
Germans)
We negotiated with Austria-Hun-
gary on the questions OF the new
boundaries Of our respective Jurisdic-
tons. Naturally. the agreements
made by me in September. under
other conditions. now needed altera.
ton. Unfortunately. general head
quarters and Berlin now interfered
in the negotiations. probably at the
instigation OF Austria Hungary.
This did not help matters. as the
authorities In question were not
acquainted with the actual facts. But
this also Is now OF no account. In
the course of my duties | was
obliged to occupy myself with a
number OF military political questions
WHICH hAtaHAAA AARAt stAhtl oh&'
than satisfaction.
A shadow fell on the proud salts
faction with which we contempla ted
the development OF events on the
Eastern front. The Austrian army
had fought without final success in
Serbia. At the end of December 1t
had penetrated far into that coun-
try. Belgrade had been carried on
December 2. Joy reigned In Aus
tria-Hungarv. Yet. as early as the
days of the capture of Lode and the
Battle of Limanova. the Austrian
troops were retiring from Serbia, de.
feated
They we're no longer a vigorous
fighting instrument At first they
had under estimated their opponents,
now they went TO the other extreme.
and over-estimated them. The
enemy's numbers alone terrified
them. That superstition. bound up
with n certain feeling OF impotence
In the face of the adversary. the once
brave army has never overcome.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
UNDER THE
kAISERIN'S PALM

We of the staff lived n harmonious
life in the castle at Posen. Common
cares and common glory united US
IL became the custom for US to SIT
together awhile after dinner at night
We used to sit at round table on
which stood a palm. the gift OF
her majesty, our kaiserin. true
German woman. OF whom I always
think with the greatest admiration.
This short little hour was a relaxa
ton for me in the midst of the at
most crushing work of those fouI
months of war.
A great battle had been fought and
won. Germany and Austria Hungary
had been saved from the Russian
danger. Al the grand dukes plano;
were shattered His attack on ths'
East prussian frontier. his advance
on the west bank OF the vistula. and
with this. all the entente's hope OF
victorious finish of the war in the
year 1914. had fallen To the ground
The surrender OF the eastern portion
OF East Prussia and OF a large par
OF Galicia. hard as 1t was. was OF ne
consequence compared TO these re-
suits.
The second part OF the campaign
in Poland was. too. an achievement
There is little in military history
that can compare with it
Our troops. which had been con
stantly fighting or on the move since
the beginning of August had shou..
themselves beyond all praise. Once
more they had been victorious
against an enemy with nearly twice
their numbers. II was only with
such leaders and such men that Il
proved actually possible for us "a
translate bold plans into action
against such superior forces.
Honor and perpetual remembrance
TO the German army OF 1914
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

zastrow's corps was assailed IN
its positions between Mlawa ana
prasnyrz teast OF the Nistulal ana
found itself forced to retire 10 the
Soldau Noidenburg line. Here the
advance 81 the enemy was checked
after heavy fighting, The whole
situation east OF the Nlstula seemed
gravely imprriiled. and West frua
sla, in particular. was Immediately
threatened. but zaHtrow'a corps did
It's duty. We lived thru many an
anxious hour IN poaeB. but the ar
rival. IN the middle OF November, OF
won Hollen's cavalry corps ON both
wings improved the situation.
Won Westernnagen'a Landsturm
brigade reached rioek. and, later on.
was brought over 20 the left bank
OF tho Nistul1.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

Ludendorff In Mondays
Star tells 81 the great winter
battle in the Marurian Lakes
region. one ~ the most remark
able conflicts In the war and
another great rcvra. for the
Russians. II was fought In deep
snow and the German army or
ganiration showed AT Its best.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

their Christmas parcels delivered in
time. This gave considerable work
to the railways. for ut that time
these marks Of affection flowed in
very freely. Leave. too. could not be
granted to the extent we desired.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

HuttVtt'es We had taken ON the
Mr.. anepntier by the middle Of
win ent~s. 1914 anciuding the trans,
dnnceoT Austrian troops TO the south.
lovn end OF the Incl had resulted in a
s'certain stiffening OF the 'front.' but
We were still too weak to deliver
big blow.
II was natural that in this stu
alton our eyes should again turn TO
the West. | asked myself whether
there was any chance OF obtaining a
SUCCESS at Ypres. or whether u
would not be better once and for all
20 restrict operations on the West
crn front and carry out the contem.
plated operations against Russia with
all our available forces. General
ssAn Conrad uhe Austrian command.
erl had suggested that In Novem'
ber.
This point OF view seemed 10 me
10 be the right one. and ! asked our
high command for reinforcemcntz
from the West. In addition TO two
cavalry divisions. the dispatch OF
further forces was contemplated, but
these arrived too late and at obi
time.
TROOPS FROM WEST
NOT FIT FOR BATTLE
The operation on the flank could
only attain a military decision n ear
rted out as a surprise. that is. with
&recd. great concentration Of force
ana In conjunction with strong
frontal attack. We dared not desRy
the beginning OF operations In the
4 East. even IL Oe had seen our way
absolutely clear as regards rein
/ furcements on the 10th OF Novem-
! b~r.
ne troops which came from the
Wmtrrn front had suffered so heav-
" In the fighting there that they
were rally no more fit for battle
oAan the Eastern troops. The com
p1ete contrast between the conditions
- thc Polish theatre Of war and
tAone In the West must, necessarily.
nffeet them adversely nj first.
On the question whether. In view
~ the achievements sent 10 US
nom the West. something else could
~ ahould have been done. I cannot
express an opinion. For that res-
~ ! am unwilling 10 offer any eriti-
60. have always held the view,
oyun when I Was . lecturer nj tho
BF1egxakadcmic. that any criticism
- founded on actual knowledge
Gnly reflects on the critics.
shortly after the arrival OF Won
Hichthofen's cavalry corps. which
turned up just In time for the ad.
vance. won Holhn's cavalry corps
and the Second and Fourth cavalry
divisions appeared They were at.
tached 70 zastrosss corps ito the
eaxi Of the vistulA. where a feint was
- he made agDxnst Warsaw from the
nrrthj.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
AGAIN SAVED BY
RF>>ENhANpf

The units that broke thru were
posted between the Twentieth' a. c.
and the First X C. In this way our
front was much more dense. and
when the Russians assaulted IL In
force II was in vain.
after the Germans got out OF the
trap General Rennenkampf was dis.
missed by Grand Duke Nicholas be-
cause be failed 10 bring up his
troops from the north in time to
close the ring firmly. II was his
troops who crossed the Vlstula so
slowly. as mentioned by Ludendorff. }
The great aim Of our operations,
the destruction Of the Russians in
the bend Of the yistuls. had not been
attained. as. we had not proved
strong enough for that purpose.
Prom now on 10 the end OF Sovcm-
Der the Russians pressed the Ninth
army severely and attacked further
south also. but without much sue.
cess. At the end Of November and
beginning OF December. when the
First division from the Eighth army
and the achievements from the
, West had at last arrived. | had an
opportunity OF resunning Uemporar-
iiyl my original plan OF operations.
In the bend OF the Vistula there were
again series OF sanguinary con-
0icfH
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25
SCHOIAS BETRAYED when HE almost HAD HUNS DEFEATED

order from the Ninth army. OF which
I also knew. 20 fortify position near
skiernlwicc Gao miles north Of east OF
f.odz) aid not reach thcm. Army
headquarters was not far enough for.
ward.
Tho Twentieth. Seventeenth and
Ninth A. G., who had closed up con-
piderabiy. met strong hostile force
north Of Lodx on the 18th and crap.
Piled with Il. Frommers cavalry
corps and tbe Poacn corps advanced
but slowly on the east bank Of the
Wartn
An intercepted wireless revealed 10
us that the Russians thought Of re-
treating from LODI. Our satisfaction
was great. Hut the strong Will Of
the grand duke held his forces where
they were, M we learned from fur.
ther wireless. and Intense was our
disappointment.
RUSSIAN RELIEF
~ TAKDN
The Russian troops on the right
bank OF the ViHtula. with the ercep-
ton OF certain units which were TO
remain near Mlawa, were ordered TO
cross the Vistula. II WIS good
thing that this operation was effected
somewhat slowly: otherwise General
won Morgen's position would have
been made stiII more difficult. frhcsc
were Rennenkampf'a Coaaacks and
other forceu1
The defeated Russian forces re
treating thru skikernlcwice 20 War.
saw were concentrated due west OF
the fortress. from which they were
20 resume their advance,
The Russian right wing eoncen.
trated round LODI Kainforcements
from the front OF the Second and
f'ifth Russian armies. which were
not yet involved. pushed north on
Koluszkt as miles east Of Lodz) and
west ~ Lodx. Here they took the
Eleventh army by surprise and
pressed them soreiy.
Tho reinforced Twenty 'fifth n. c..
under tia ,rusty leader. General Won
Schaffer Boyadel. Chief Of Staff
Colonel Won MaHsow. had pushed for
ward far thru Brrniny by the zznd.
Portions OF Won Richthofcn'h cavalry
corps had ncared Pctrokos and Tom,
assov lzS miles southeast Of f>odkl
The Infantry divisions southeast OF
fsodx swung round west. great things
were expected. Then the situation
changed.
Tho Twenty .fifth n c. lost touch
with Twentieth A. G. Tho enemy near
fodx was not thrown back. bat. ON
the other hand. pressed back the
Twentieth A. C.. and pushed their
way In between. tho inner wings Of
the two corps. The Russian forces
that had been rallied weat OF War.
saw pushed forward without oppo-
rition from skicrpiewtcc TO fsrcsiny
The Twcnty-fifth H. c. and the units
with II were cut off. being attacked
from the south by the portions Of the
Fifth Russian army. which were
uarchingNon KoiinrEki station.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-10-25

theoretical point OF view this appear
ed 10 be a misiake--and events
proved that 10 be true. The division
only just arrived In time TO save the
tav