Republican farmer., 1919-02-21

by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world. there should be applied the principle that the weIl-being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilization and that securities for the performance of this trust should be embodied in the constitution of the league.
 "The best method of giving prac- tiCal effect to this principle is that the tuteIage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their ex- perience, or their geographical posi- ton, can best undertake this respon. sibility. and this tutelage should be exercised by them as mandatories on behalf of the league.
 "The character of the mandate must differ according to the stage of the development of the people, the geo graphical situation of the territory, its economic conditions and other similar circumstances.
 Certain communities formerly be longing to the Turkish Empire have reached 8, stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be prOvisionalIy recognized sub ject to the rendering of administra- tive advice and assistance by a man A4fLLOIE DIWEl uLltll ~llCII L-Lil7 S1S they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities must be prin- cipal consideration in the selection of the mandatory power.
 Other peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage that the mandatory must be respon- sible for the administration of the territory subject to conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience or religion, subject only to the main tainence of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the giquor traffic, and the prevention Of the establishment of Qualifications or military and naval bases and of nlili- tary training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defense of territory, and will also secure equal opportunities for the trade and com merce of other members of the league.
 There are territories, such as South West Africa and certain of the South Pacific Isles, which, owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centers of civilization, or their geographical continuity to the man datory state, and other circumstances. relI4 Dt gt-SL Slt4IIl4IllSleEeu uI1UGI LIl6 laws of the mandatory state as in tegraI portions thereof, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population.
 Tn every case of mandate, the man. datory state shall render to the league an annual report in reference to the territory committed to it's charge.
 The degree of authority, control, or administration to be exercised by the H.
 ously agreed upon by the high con tracing parties in each case he ex- picitly defined by the executive coun- cil in 3 special act or charter.
 ''The high contracting parties furth- CT agree to establish a t the seat of the league Q mandatory commission to re- cetve and examine the annual reports of the mandatory powers, and to as stst the league in ensuring the ob- servance of the terms of all mandates.
 Article XX.
 ''The high contracting parties will endeavor to secure and maintain fair and human conditions of labor for men, women and children both in their own countries and in all coun- tries to which their commercial and industrial relations extend; and to that end agree to establish as part of the organization of the league a permanent bureau of labor. Article XXI. The high contracting parties agree , that provision shall be made through the insrumen ntality of the league to secure and maintain freed dom of trans it and equitable treatment for the commerce of all states members of the league, having in mind, among other things, special arrangements with regard to the necessities of the regions devastated during the war Of | 1914-191S.
 Article NXU.
 ''The high contracting parties gree to place under the control of the league all international bureaus all ready established by general treaties if the parties to such treaties consent Furthermore, they agree that all such international bureaus to be constitut- ed in future shall be placed under control of the league.
 Article XXIE f'The high contracting parties agree ! that every treaty or international en- gagement entered into hereafter by any state member of the league, shall 1 be forthwith registered with the sec i retary- general and as soon as possi- ble published by him, and that no i such treaty or international engage ment shall be binding until so regis 1 tered.
 i Article XXIV
 Ut shall be the right of the body i of delegates from time to time to ad- i wise the reconsideration by state mem bers of the league. of treaties which have become inapplicable and of in ] tsrnational conditions of which the continuance may endanger the peace of the world.
 1 Article XXV
 ''The high contracting parties sev- 1 erally agree that the present covenant 1 is accepted as abrogating all obliga- uons interse which are inconsistent ] with the terlns thereof, and solemnly [ engage that they will not hereafter enter into any engag gements inconsis- tent with the terms thereof In case any of the powers signatory hereto or subsequently, admitted to the league shall, before coming a party to this i covenant, have undertaken any obli- gations which are inconsistent with ] the terms of this covenant, 1t shall be the duty of such power to take i'm mediate steps to procure it's release from such obligations.