The sun., 1919-08-13

should at this time adopt itself 10 n no
less important part In peace time. But
because of the many Initiatives which
cooperate in It's new use and develop
ment the efforts and means are dispersed
in various ministerial departments.
9Th future of aviation in Francs will
only be assured by the coordination OF
all efforts and the unihcation OF the
general services Also II will give tho
advantage of better work from h per-
sonnet and credits which are actually
effected to similar objects in different
ministries.
with this object in view, and accord
ing to the propositions of an interminis-
terial conference which l. am able to as
semble. I ave the honor to submit for
your signature the following decree cre-
ating an organ OF general coordination
Of, aviation. This should not be con-
fused with any OF the particular avia-
lions of the various ministerial depart-
ments At It's origin It will be attached
transitorily TO the Ministry of War.
IL am. sir. your respectfully.
GEORGES CLEMENcEAU,
President of the Council, Wal Min
istry."
other Nations Now Active.
Mr.. Crowell represents that the views
everywhere encountered cav the mis-
vi iIipA tCScu win AhSo6 hh-oC1pobAo
conclusions: &
1. That italy, France and England
realize fully the Importance of aircraft
I'm The military-naval and civil-com-
mercial aspects, and ropos to encovr-
age the general development of the art
through governmental aid to commercial
\ industry.
2. THAI Great Britain has come to
| consider the dominance of the air as az
least OF equal Importance with that OF
the seas, and Is frankly and avowedly
| planning a definite policy OF aerial de-
| veIopment TO that end.
3. That any future war will inevitably
open with great aerial activity far in
advance Of contact either upon land or
sea, and that victory cannot but incline
to that belligerent able to first achieve
and later maintain its supremacy in
the air.
4. That for economic reasons. no ma
ton can hope in time OF peace to main
tain air forces adequate to its defensive
need except through the creation OF a
great reserve in personnel, material and
producing industry through the en-
enlargement of civil a~eronautics. Conf
nIercial aviation and transportation de-
velopment must be made to carry the
financial load.
8. That no sudden reation of aerial
| ~ a wv tAAlt CAN
already at land is possible. 1t has been
proved within the experience OF every
nation engaged in the war that two
years or more of high pressure effort has
been needed to achieve the quantity pro
duction of aircraft, aircraft engines and
accessory equipment. The training of
personnel, including engineering, produc-
ton, inspection, maintenance and oper-
ating CORRESPONDING some fifty dis
tinct trades and some s~eventy-flve In
dustries-has proved In itself a stupen-
dous task when undertaken upon the
basis OF the war emergency alone.
s. That the rapid adaptation OF air
craft to the commercial uses of peace Is
everywhere being studied and planned.
Under the forced draft of wal this new
est and fastest agency OF transportation
has been brought to a high state OF de-
velopment. 1t must now be redesigned
to meet the progressive demands Of a
civilization at peace.
Z. That because OF its great speed and
range of operations, States and even
countries are being passed over with n
greater facility than are townships and
countries traversed by the motor cars.
The need for international agreements
governing the construction, operation and
safety OF aerial apparatus OF all kinds Is
Immediately before us.
s. That for the first time in the worlds
history the stage is set for n close In
ternational cooperation in the develop
ment OF a great art at the very thresh-
hold of its era OF commercial utility.
Great Britain. France. Italy and Japan
not only invite but urge the United
States to share in this work.
9. That just as we now have national,
international and interstate regulations,
laws and agreements covering rail and
steamship travel and the safety and
navigation of the seas, so we must have
similar regulations governing aircraft
and the uses OF aerial navigation
throughout the world. The International
convention drawn by the international
committee sitting in Paris under the
peace conference. gives the first long
step in this direction.
10. That the need in each country
for a single authoritative point OF con-
tract for the conduct of all international
aviation affairs. legal. operational, tech
nical and political. is imperative. Such
agencies rave already been set up in
England. Franc and Italy. The United
States has under the terms of the inter-
national convention no option but TO
follow these leads.
All Favor Capitalization.
II. That in England. France and Italy
sentiment Is undoubtedly in favor of the
Capitalization OF aircraft development
under one authoritative head. Difference
OF opinion has been encountered only in
the matter of army and navy personnel
and in the question of he independent
fighting force
Continuing Mr.. Crowell says:
England holds the initiative and is
building her Royal Air Force coequai
with the army and navy. France and
Italy follow England's lead, but seem
inclined to cav questions OF operating
personnel for the present to the War
and Navy departments and TO debate tho
need OF an independent lighting air SER
; vice. In all cases forces operating in
l conjunction with military and naval
units function under the military or ma
: val high commands"