Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-02-24
FEW SIMPLE RULES FOR
RUNNING AN INCUBATOR
Some Points to BIC Taken Tnic Con.
sidcration IL. the Selection or II
Reliable Machine.
TEMPERATURES no BE KEPT
Much Care Should &c Taken in Mat
ter or Turning, Cooling ant. Test
I'M, IIggs-Murh Depends ON I'u-
sition OF Thcrm peter.


I TN" exception. not the rui"; the aver
age is much icas. Where small nocks
are Y, allowed frce"om. as on AMOS, farms.
thtchcs OF scvcnty-hVc to eighty chicis5
/ from each hundred eggs are very good
many large poul,ry plants do not aver
cent FOR tho entire season is rcckoired
/ ha satisfactory. Where The hatch fails.
{ though the machine has been properly
4 operated, tho place look FOR the
/ trouble usually lies in the breeding
I Stoch.
/ Those without experiences arc some
times perplcncd by the claims maze
for various types OF machines. and
often fnd IL hard to make a selection.
For convenience we may divide turu-
( hatorS into Two general typcH--ho, Il
I And hot water heat. each class having
machines OF the moisture and non
moisture type.
Hadiation aud Ventilation
The hot air heated machines arc
: those in which fresh air is taken in
{ q, The lamp. heated by it and passed
, na., me zee cha Inbcr, usualiy lirat
/ the eggs, thcI over Tho eggs. then OUT
SIDE In" machine. In some hot air
machines the heated air only passes
: oyer thc radiator above the cgx
chamber, ntfcr entering the Compar;-
( nl.nt containing the cgrs The hot
I or pipes above the egg trays In which
water heated BY lamp circuiatcs
{ either hot air or hot water. obtain ven
/ ti!atior through special openings: the
tloh OF machines IN which the
mated air enters the egg chamber is
! through this heated current OF air.
II is claimed by some that this method
! OF allowing the heated air from tho
lamp 70 enter the egg chamber is detri-
mental. on account Of the danger OF
gases from the lamp. This contention
! much az one OF the most successful in
! cubators manufacturer has such /,
rhe question OF whether a ia machine rioci
usinE moisture is better than one Of
NE ron, moisture type, or vice versa. is
\ one that the buyer must decide, there
4 are III use as many OF one kind as OF
INC other. and hey give equally good
for personal solution However. cypc-
I ricncc has shown that incubators buii;
10 use moisture pans do nc, give such
used; neither are nomenclature ma
Gaines .ni,;, improved by the addition "a
Operating tho Incubator
The Incubator should be run for "A
day or two before h!!!ng 1t Win eggs.
so that AL adjustments can bc ma.
once thc proper degree OF heat is ostaL-
ilshcd, ihe eESs should DC placed IN
! the mnch!ne and allowed to heat up
sradu1is. III. eggs being coid, II IS
not DC obtained until tho eggs have
o zee. In me machine Twelve hours or
temperature o. the eggs should be
made I" reach the desired height AZ the
F 81
aturc much lower than loo degrees is
. maintained Tor any length OF time il
4 IL !t%e!y 10 prove harmful.
Very good result. have been obtained
by maintaining single temperature
+ or 1913 degrees throughout the entire
period OF incubation. Nevertheless,
'nost pouitryrncn are in favor %: u
gradual Increase in temperature; 1929
,L .oT iae :irs; we G i9s dsgEess
J Tor The third week. During the last or
three days me tempcratus. usually
I An absolute uniform temperature IS
not essen t.ai. and really II is not obtain
aoic. Variations OF a degree or SO.
as possible, seldom cause any damage
7 II is not advisable TO allow the heat to
/ rise above los degrees. II is bettct to
nave me machine run iit;le higher
rather than too low, foT low tempera-
lures cause delayed matches, while cX-
cess temperatures. II no, 100 high, vii!
only cause The chicks - hatch i Little
I early. F,NperleDc: seems TO suggest
tnat some variation IL the hea. is ue-
sired.
Moisture has the effect OF lowering
. the temperature several degrees. II ii
moisture pgE mas been allowed 10 be-
( come dry, and is then allied, the tenn
aatey drop Even tho"sh the w wa,er IS
I no: when placed in the pan.
Position of THERMOMETER.
suits are obtained when the thernom-
cter is located in such manner that
me bulb Is on level with the eggs
buy no, t9uIhins them. II The ;her-
the temperature VIII vary with the
Vitality OF the egg touched by IT,
IN contact with weak eggs, IL Will be
! low: thus never registering the actual
: tcinpcrature OF the egg chamber.
II VIII be found advantageous TO
have stands attached TO the lhermomc-
/ ters, so they can be held up when the
/ chicks are Matching; thus tie ,cmpera-
. g. NO
+ chicks, and the scrampl!nS li;tlc ones
+ cannot upset the THERMOMETERS 50 cas-
~ as when it is laid on the eggs dur
lag Matching.
( During the period OF incubation the
eggs should be turned twice daily. In
I trays must not be filed too full. No
I attempt need be made 10 turn The eggs
! completely over; all that is necessary
/ lay the palms OF both hands fiat on the
/ eggs. roll the eggs slightly. and move
those in the center OF the tray TO the
/ outside edge. and the outside eggs
I 20 the center of the tray.
machine ii should be reversed. end
for end. This moving of the eggs
from the center OF the tray to the out
side and reversing the position OF the
Tray is so done that if there is any
/ difference in temperature in any part
/ or The machine the eggs will all re-
ceive like heat conditions. Turning
GEg day @na oe inr,ed the
F. eighteenth day.
Cooling Makes Strong Chicks.
! Cooling the eggs is fully as neces-
| sary as turning. Some incubator oper-
! ators have declared that cooling is UNI
I necessary. but tho accepted view is
! the reverse Cooling is big help
I in securing strong, healthy chicks.
I Cooling should be done once n dag
} after the first week and continued until.
I the eighteenth day. when the mach inc
should be closed until the chicks are
; hatchcd.
( The amount OF cooling necessary de-
/ pends upon the temperature of the
! and The temperature 1T which the ma
! Chine has run during the day. The
! most satisfactory way is 10 cool the
! eggs until they feel slightly cool TO
/ the touch, bL- not cold
! During the first week sufficient cool
f! ing is obtained in turning the eggs.
/ ILn snrnnd IyneLs tIan,. ...,l.i...l