davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1919-10-26

dropped, one aIter anotner, the ell
feet upon the men in the hunted
vessel was particularly disconcert-
ing. In the course Of the war several
OF oGT own submarines were depth
charged by our own destroyers. and
frcm our crews we obtained lifelike
descriptions OF the resultant sensations.
IL was found that men VINO had passed
through such an ordeal were practically
useless for several days, and that some
I NIT for service.
l.. The state OF nerves which followed
SucA an experience was not unlike that
new war psychosis known as shell
shock. One Of our officers VINO had had
such an adventure told me that the ex-
pIosion OF a single depth charge under
the water might BE compared to the
conclusion produced by the simultaneous
Gring OF all the l4-inch guns Of a battle
chip. One caIf only imagine what the
concussion must have been when pro-
duced by ten or twenty depth charges
II. succession.
Whether or not the submarine was
destroyed or seriously injured a depth
charged crew became extremely eau
tious in the future about getting any
where in the neighborhood of a de-
strcyer, and among the several influ-
ences which ultimately disorganized the
morale of the German T-boat service,
these contacts with depth charges were
doubtless most important. The hardest
underwater sailor did not care TO go
through such frightful moments 4 sec
Old time.
This statement makes it appear as
thou, the depth charge had settled
the fate of the submarine. Yet that
was far from being the case, for against
the ash can, with it's 800 pounds of
INT, the submarine had one very
powerful defensive weapon. That was
its invisibility. Strangely enough the
average layman is inclined to overlook
this fairly apparent fact. Indeed, the
only respect in which the subsurface
boat differs essentially from all other
war vessels Is in this power Of getting
out Of sight. Deserving danger from
efar. the submarine can disappear under
the water in anywhere from twenty
seconds 10 minute. And its great ad
vantage Ia that it can detect its enemy
long before that enemy can detect it.
A U-boat, sailing awash. or with only
its coming tower exposed, can see a
destroyer at a distance of about fifteen
miles, IL the weather is clear. Under
similar conditions the destroyer can see
the submarine at a distance OF about
four miles. Possessing this great ad .
vantage, the submarine can usually de-
eide whether II will meet the enemy or
not: il IL decides that 1t is wise to avoid
an encounter, all it has to do IL to duck,
remain submerged until the destroyer
has paused on. entirely unconscious Of
its presence. and then resuming its real
work, which is not that Of fighting war
Ehipa. but OF sinking merchantmen. The
chief anxiety of the U-boat commander
Evening star., 1919-10-26

Gated point It circles in the opposite
direction from the first. Sometimes
more than two may start for the sus-
pected location, and under certain con-
ditions the water, within a radius OF
half a mile or more, may be seething
with exploding depth charges. ..
II Is plain from this description that
the proceeding bectsnes an erceedinely
Evening star., 1919-10-26

- thus TO avoid contact with its sur,
iace foe and It's terrible depth charge,
whereas the business of the destroyer
commander is TO get within lighting dis
tance OF his quarry.
Ordinarily conditions favor the U boat
IN this game, simply because the ocean
v % large a place. But there Is one
Evening star., 1919-10-26

dangerous game. The opportunity which
the submarine has ot escaping is
represented by the time which elapses
from the moment when the destroyer
reaches the point At which 1t was dis
charged. This interval gives the Sub
surface boat certain time 70 get away:
tut its Under water speed is moderate.
and % by the time the destroyer reaches
the critical spot fhe submarine has ad-
vanced but short distance away from
It How far has she gone3 In what d.
rection did she EoI These Are the two
questions which the destroyer COM
mander must answer, and the SUCCESS
with which he answers flsem accurately
measures his success at shaking or dam
aging his enemy or giving him q good
scare. II he always decided these two
points accurately he wosa}d almost al
OF error are very great however. and
that is the reason that the submarine
in most cases gets away.
All that the surface commander knows
is that there is U-boat somewhere in
his neighborhood, but nc does not know
its precise whereabouts, and so he is
lighting more or less IN the dark. In
the great majority Of cases the sub
marine does get away, but now and then
the depth charge Reaches its gcal and
ends its career. 49,, !; \ >..:.
k<k:H ,i.:;s Mf
II only one destroyer is hunting. the
chances Of escape stroAeiy favor the
Underwater craft: H \ several pounce
Upon her at once, however, the chances
Of getting away are insaeh more pre-
carious. II the water is shallow the
C-boat can sometimes outwit the pur-
suer by sinking until its surface enemy
tires Of the chase. But in the open sea
there is no possibility OF getting away
in this fashion. for IL the submarine
sinks beyond a certain depth. the pres
sure Of the water win crush 1t.
While the record shows that the
L. boat usually got away from the depth
charges, enough were sunk, or seriously
damaged or given bad shakeup to
serve as constant reminder to the
crews Of the danger which they ran in
approaching waters which were pro-
tected by the destroyers The U-boat
Captains, dS Will appear, aVOfueu SuCn
waters regularly. They much preferred
to attack their merchant prey in areas
where these soul-racking depth charges
did not interfere with their operations.
1t is now becoming apparent why the
great battle fleet, which always sailed
behind a protecting screen of such de-
stroyers, was practically immune from
torpedo attack. In order to assail these
battleshins the submarine was always
compelled to do the one thing, which,
above all others, it was determined to
avoid-to get within depth charge radius
of the surface craft In discharging the
torpedo, distance, as already intimated,
is the aii-importsnt consideration.
The U-boat carries a torpedo which
has a much shorter range than that OF
the destroyer it was seldom effective
il fred at more than 1000 yards; be-
yond that distance Its chances Of hit
ting became very small. Indeed, much
Eh6rtsr distance than' that wss deslf.
Evening star., 1919-10-26

able. II the torpedo was to accomplish
its most destructive purpose. So valu-
able were these missiles and SO neces-
sasy was it that every one should count
that the U-boat's captain had instruc-
tions to shoot at no greater distance
than 500 yards, unleas the conditions
were particularly favorable. In the
early days these torpedoes which were
6red at greater distance would often
hit the ships on the bow or stern, and
do comparatively little damage. Such
vessels could be brought Ia. repaired in
short time and again put to sea.
The German admiralty discovered that
in firing from a comparatively long dis
tance it was wasting its torpedoes. II
therefore ordered its men to get 30 near
the prey that 1t could strike it in a
vital spot. preferably the engine room:
and to DO this it was necessary to creep
Up within $50 yards. But to get a. close
as that to the destroyers which screened
the battleships meant almost certain de-
struction. Thus the one method Of at
tack which was left to the U-boat was
to dive under the destroyer screen and
come up in the midst Of the battle feet
Itself. A few minutes after its presence
should become known, however, a large
number Of destroyers would be dropping
depth charges in its neighb0rhood, and
its chances OF escaping destruction
would be almost nil, to say nothing of
its chances OF destroying ships
The Germans learned the futility OF
this kind OF an operation early in the
war, and the man who taught them
this lesson was Commander Weddfngen,
the same ofiicer who first demonstrated
the value Of the submarine in practical
warfare. 1t was Otto weddingen who,
in September, 1914, sank the old British
cruisers. the Hogue. the Cressy and the
Aboukir. an exploit which made him one
OF the great popular heroes of Germany.
A few months afterward Commander
Weddingen decided to try an experiment
more hazardous than was that OF sink
ing three unescorted cruisers. He as
pired to nothing less than an attack
upon the grand feet itself On March
Is part of this fleet was cruising off
Cromarty, Scotland. Here Weddingcr
came with the U-29, dove under the de-
stroyer screen and fired one torpedo
which passed astern OF the Neptune.
The alarm was Immediately sounded
and presently the battleship Dread
Fought, having seen the periscope.
started at full spee1 for the submarine
rammed the vessel and sent it promptly
to the bottom. AS it was sinking the
bow rose out of the water, plainly dis
closing the number U-29. There was
not one survivor. Weddinren's attempt
was heroic one, but so disastrous to
himself and to his vessel that very few
German commanders ever ATTEMPTED to
emulate his example. II clearly proved
to the German admiralty thar il was
useless to attempt to destroy the grand
I.eet with submarines or even to weaken
1t piecemeal. and probably this experi-
epce had much to do with this new kind
Of warfare-submarines against unpro-
tected merchant ships--which the Gar
mans prooeeded TO INTRODUCES.
The simple fact IL that ne hsttis
Evening star., 1919-10-26
ny ADMIRAL SIMS.

+ a dozen depth charges were
dropped, one after another, the ef-
feet upon the men in the hunted
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
Economic Experts Called in BY
Big Four" to Wind Up
Details on Program of
Reparation.
ENTENTE DELEGATES
PLEASED WITH RESULT
Belgium Enters Protest to the
Big Four" Over British
Mandatory, Italian Del
egates Are Peeved.
BY United Press.

BY United Press.
(By Fred s. Ferguson, Staff Corr
Paris, May 9.-The work on the
Austrian peace treay is nearing
completion it has been learned The
"big four have called in the eeo-
nomic and reparation experts to re-
view the final details of the pact.
Aside from the dissatisfaction
over the appointment of the manda-
tories over the former German ter
ritory on the part Of some Of tho
allies, the German treaty apparently
meets the full approval Of the allied
delegates.
The Belgians have iiled protest
with the big four" against awarding
the British mandatory over German
east Africa, because Of the import
ant part Belgium had in the con-
quest.
In the official reports that are
being circulated, the Italians are
represented as resenting being left
off entirely from the mandatories.
1t appears that instead OF Ger
many being required to pay the en-
tire indemnity demanded by the al
lies, a considerable sum would be
demanded from Austria, the estimate
of this sum at present being 5,OO0,'
100000 crowns.
This indemnity provision and the
elimination of the frontiers of the
new state will be the main features
of the treaty now in making Pro-
vision is to be made for dividing
Austria -Hungary's prewar debt
among the new states formed from
territory formerly belonging TO that
empire
The frontiers between German
Austria and Italy and probably the
Adriatic settlement also VIII figure
in the Austrian treaty
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09

MANS SON
ON N. C. 4

Lieutenant Commander NJ A. Nit
scher son of o. A. Mitscher, of the
Traders store, recently established
here, was a member of the crew
that completed the first lap Of the
transatlantic flight when the ar
rived in Halifax yesterday from
Rockaway beach, the point they left
early yesterday moraing.
Mitscher was member of the
crew on the N C-1, which plane ar
rived safely at Halifax, completing
the $40 mile journey without sin
gle mishap. He was first assigned
to command NC-4, which was forced
to alight at Chatham, Mass, and
which had to return to Rockaway
Beach for repairs, but shortly be-
fore the flight was started he was
given a place on the crew of the
N i.
Mitscher, his father says, was the
first Oklahoman to graduate from a
government naval or army school,
being appointed by Congressman
Bird S. Mcclure in 1904 He gradu-
ated several years later and has
been in the service since.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
Instruct Delegates to Make Coun-
ter Proposals Says Scheide-
mann; Attacks Allied
Methods.
HUN PRESS BITTER
OVER TREATY TERMS
Says Means Poverty, Hunger,
Slavery; Asks What Has Be-
come of Wilson, s IA Prin-
ciples of Peace.
By United Press.

By United Press.
Berlin, May S,-"The government
Of German has instructed the dele
gates to make counter propositions
and claim the right to oral discus
sion Of the peace treaty. declared
Chancellor Sclieidmann in speech
delivered here today.
I'VE are dealing with an enemy
that has been blinded through self
ish policies.
Referring to the fourteen points of
President Wilson, Scheidmann asked,
What has become of the exchange
of grauantees mentioned in the
fourth point by President Wilson?
Despite the American presidents s
fifth point, Germany by the treaty
submitted to us by the entente,
loses its colonies and rights in Al
RIGA"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
INCREASE
mo" VOTE
IN COUNTY
Late Returns Show Majority
Against Road Bond and the
Courthouse Measures
Steadily Grows.

Returns from all precincts in the
county with the exception of Lucille,
Bailey and Ireton, give 2,522 votes
for the courthouse bond proposition,
with 1041 casting their votes in fa-
vor of the issuance of bonds with
which to build new home for the
county government.
Returns from the Bailey, Lucille
and Ireton precincts, will probably
be given out at the office of Henry
Minnett, secretary Of the Grady
county election board, tomorrow.
Complete returns on the $5O,OOO,-
600 road bond election, with the ex-
ception of the vote in the Harrison
precinct, in southeast end of the
county, gives the proposition the fol
lowing ovte:
Yes, 1855.
No, 4,011.
The votes will be canvassed by
the county election board some time
next week, according to an an
nouncement made this morning by
Secretary Minnett.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09

Nab BREW
RAID HERE

Complaints charging r. A. Prince,
713 Minnesota avenue with the ma
nufacture and having in his posses
sion intoxicating liquor, were filed
in county court this afternoon by
VIM. Stacey assistant county attor-
ney, as result of raid yesterday
afternoon by Sheriff Sankey, when
he found one hundred gallons of
malt liquor at the Prince home
Two barrels of the liquor, which
the officers state was made by boil
ing corn, grapes, peaches and other
materials were finished while the
other was undergoing the process of
manufacture. The liquor was confis-
Gated by order of the assistant coun-
ty attorney.
The complaints charging Prince
with the manufacture and having
possession of intoxicating liquor
were filed in county court this after
noon. The accused man will be ar
rested this afternoon, according to
Sheriff Sankey.
The county attorneys office was
clipped off" to the possibility that
a raid might bring results, when a
woman who stated that she lived
in the Prince neighborhood called
up the assistant county attorney
and gave him his clue.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
German Press Bitter.

By United Press.
Berlin, May S.-The German
press is unanimously bitter in it's de-
nunciation of the peace terms OF
which an unofficial outline has been
published.
"The acceptance Of these terms
means poverty, hunger and slavery"
declared the Tages Zeltung.
THE fourteen points as outlined
by President Wilson of the nUited
States, and ON which the armistice
was founded, are invisible" said the
Taglsche Rundechau.
''The most humiliating demand is
for the surrender of the kaiser The
entente through President Wilson
prated Of justice and the rights of
the people are unmasked. Germany
may be forced to sign the treaty
through hu' ger, but we will refuse
inwardly," the Vorwaerts stated.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
CANEMAN MUCH
IMPROVED BACK
IN CITY AGAIN

G. II. Caneman, manager of the
Chickasha Cotton Compress com.
pany, and member of the city coun.
ell from ward three, has returned
from Tecumsah, where he was TAX
ing treatments for cancer of the
throat. Doctor Burns, attending ply
sician, is here and will remain with
Councilman Caneman for several
weeks.
Mr. Caneman is greatly improved,
and | believe he will completely re-
cover" said Dr. Burns yesterday af
ternoon. Mr. Caneman is now max
ing his home with Judge and Mrs,
w. W. Clarke, 4l2 South Sixth
street.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
is THANKS
OFFERING
By United Press.

By United Press.
Washington, May 9.-President
Wilson today appealed to the Amer
lean people to make the Victory
Liberty loan a great popular thanks
offering"
In a cable addressed to Secretary
Glass of the United States treasury,
President Wilson declared that the
victorious peace should be accom-
panied by popular loan that should
outstrip all previous loans in the mat
ter of voluntary buying of bonds and
which would sustain the honor and
credit of the country
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
BORAH TO
FUMLCATE
BY United Press.

By United Press.
Washington. May 9.-President
Wilson will be asked by the senate
democrats how he regards the pro
posal for referendum on the
League Of Nations covenant. He is
expected to oppose it. Congression-
al sentiment on the proposition is
recently. growing hot.
Senator Hitchcock, who favors the
league in the amended form. says
the pact is a separable treaty. Sen.
ator Borah declared that if the re,
publioans surrendered on the League
of Nations question, he will ~fumi-
gate himself and get out of the
party"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
HTCHSCHOOL YIN.
TO RAISE MONEY
FOR GYMNASIUM

At a meeting Of the Chickasha
highschool Y. NJ. c. A.. the organi-
cation was completed and the fol-
lowing officers elected: Glenn
Grimsley. president; Sphinx Williams.
vice president; Lee Adams. treas
urer and Irving Coryell, secretary.
The organization has started a
campaign to raise money to equip it's
library and to purchase additional
apparatus for the highschool gymna-
stun. To do this, they have ar
ranged with the publishers OF
Pushing to the Front" by DR.. Girls
on Swott Marden, to sell this pub
hoation in the city.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
other Planes Safe.

Other Planes Safe.
BY United Press.
Halifax, May 9.-The NC and
NC l, the successful American sea
planes are here from Rockaway
Beach and were to leave early to-
day on the second leg of their over
seas flight for Trepasy Bay.
The gasoline cruiser Baltimore was
awaiting them when the planes ar
rived here. The men went aboard,
had dinner and slept They were all
tired after their long flight.
The planes were given a great
welcome from Halifax. Whistles
from the shore and on boats in the
harbor shrilledp loud greetings to the
planes as they circled above pre-
paratory to landing.
The two, planes were sighted first
at 7:41 D. m. The N C-3 took the
water at Eatsern passage at 1855 and
the CT ten minutes later
Each seaplane carried six men,
consisting Of the commander, navi-
gator, two pilots, an engineer, and a
reserve pilot. The reserve pilots
will go only to Newfoundland, not
being included in the transatlantic
complement. The planes weighed
2S,5OO pounds apiece with full load
and each is driven by four Liberty
motors of 400 horsepower each, con
nected with individual propellers.
The wing spread is 1876 feet. Crew
and equipment are carried in the
hull, forty-foot boat on which the
plane rests when it aligths on the
water
From the time the planes arise
from Jamaica bay they will not rest
on land until they reach the other
side of the ocean. At the appointed
stopping places they will be moored
in harbors and if they are compel
led to alight along the line of the
warship ocean patrol they are capa-
Bile of riding any ordinary sea while
being. overhauled or repaired
The distance from Rockaway Point
to Halifax is $40 miles. The planes
left from the point at 10 O'Clock this
morning and the elapsed time is nine
hours, Newfoundland being one hour
ahead of New York, thus showing
that an average in speed of sixty
miles an hour was maintained
throughout the voyage.
The planes were reported as fly
ing at a sixty mile an hour speed
shortly after leaving Rockaway
Point
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
Is START WORK
INPRIMARY;; Il
FINISH SCHOOL

The twenty-one members OF the
Rush Springs highschool graduating
class, were numbered among the
twenty-five who entered the school
many years ago as students in tbs
primary department, according to M.
II. Sheppard, county superintend-
ent, who returned last night from
Rush Springs, where he delivered
the graduating address to the class
of 10.
Every member of the class has
done excellent school work since
they entered school at Rush Springs
u years ago. as students in the pri-
mary department" Mr.. Shepard says.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-05-09
BOOSTERS
OF KAY SEE
VISIT CITY
Drop in On Victory Special to
Say Howdy; Paper Printed
On Train Gives Chickasla
Rosy Bouquet.

The boosters from Kansas City
consisting of more than one hun
dred members OF the *. c. Chamber
Of Commerce, invaded Chickasha
yesterday afternoon.
Arriving mere at 4 o'clock they
marched from the Rock Island depot
down Chickasha avenue to Fifth
street. Here they broke ranks and
spent more than an hour visiting
business men in the city. The par
ade was led by b. A. Parsons and S.
b. Robertson, president and vice
president of the visiting organiza-
tion; S. c. Durbin, mayor of ChiclSa-
sha; T. ]. Brown, secretary of the
Chickasha Chamber OF Commerce,
and M. F. Courtney, who carried the
American flag.
Manufacturers, bankers and prac-
tically every other nature Of bust
ness was represented on the vic
tory Special One hundred and ten
firms were represented A 16-piece
band furnished the music for the
Kay See boosters.
The Victory special left Elk City
Thursday morning, and come by the
way Of Anadarko. They left Chick
asha shortly after five, and spent
last night in Oklahoma City. The
Victory special will arrive in Kan
sas City Sunday morning.
The Victory Special News" a pa
per printed on the train by the Kan
sas City boosters, has the following
to say concerning Chickasha:
"One of the most prosperous cities
in Oklahoma, looted on the c., r.
G. p, Frisco and Santa Fe, in the
heart of a large agricultural dis.
trict, is Chickasha, we'll known to us
Of Kansas City. Here is located one
of the largest cotton oil mills in the
South, and big business in cotton
and agricultural products Is done
annually.
Their modern, progressive banks
provide ample banking facilities for
her prosperous merchants, and the
immediate surrounding territory.
Chickasha is one of the most mod
ern cities in Oklahoma, and her car
lines and public improvements are
Of the very best, While her
growth. in population has been rapid
and her commercial interests have
developed to large proportions with
in the last few years, her educa-
tional interests have not been neg
lected.
Two modern high schools and
college for women are looted here
Her grade schools are of the very
highest type and are we'll known
throughout this territory Almost
all of the leading denominations are
represented by large and prosperous
churches, and we congratulate Chick
asha on her progress and advance
ments, and also on the fact that she
has at all times maintained high
civic ideals, and those in charge oil
her government have made it their
special business to see that this
thriving, prosperous city has been
made comfortable and good place
to live in,