New-York tribune., 1919-08-01
Prof. Dunning Testifes
Denies There Is Anarchy
in Mexico Because There
lsRecognized Government

VIZ ktSt!AOii, sun WAS uHucT CTOSS-eX
animation by Elliott G. Stevenson.
senior counsel for the defendant
1t finally was established, according
to the testimony, that when DR.. John
son said "Patriotsm is the last refuge
Of scoundrels' he referred to Edmund
Burke
Mr.. Stevenson continued his efforts
to bring out the Scriptural character
istics of well-recognized anarchists to
show, as Attorney Alfred Lucking said,
"how supplementary The Tribune was
ia 1915" when it published an edi-
torial headed Ford Is an Anarchist"
kropotkin was quoted by Mr..
Stevenson as writing: 1--WE specifically
dlsavow treating others as we would
not have them treat u.s."
Quotes the Scripture
Mr.. Stevenson adduced that the
Scrptural equivalent of this is found
in Love thy neighbor as thyself" and
DO unto others as thou wouldst be
done by"
You told us yesterday that the es-
sence of government is force?" re-
minded Mr.. Stevenson.
Witness nodded, and was reminded
that the stenographer could not hear
mods.
And loyalty is another element Of
government"
Professor Dunning said he did not
| understand, and the lawyer endeavored
to show how disloyalty can weaken or
destroy an army
Il mean that if soldier is worried
about those at home it would tend to
shake his loyalty" said Mr.. Stevenson.
You start out with broad question
and now you are becoming quite spe-
cifc," countered the witness.
hal -
"Yes.'
"That's what he complained of-dis-
loyalty at home among the copper
heads"
"Yes."
Del;:!tion of Anarchy
There was a long colloquy over the
meaning of the words "anarchy," "an-
archism" and "anarchist" Professor
Dunning insisted that one who seeks
by violent means to overthrow govern
ment is the best definition of anarchist,
as commonly understood.
Attorney Alfred Lucking, senior
counsel for Mr.. Ford protested at the
course of the examination, and Mr.
Stevenson replied: Il am trying to
show that the utterances of Emma
Goldman and Henry Ford are the
same"
You would have less trouble to
show that Mr.. Ford and George Wash
ington were alike said Mr.. Lucking
"However, let Emma Goldman be the
| test"
Professor Dunning declared that
Mexican conditions during the last ten
years were comparable to those in the
United States in 1861 Federal author
that country, just as that at Wash
did all Nf tho rN
N 1851, the witness stated.
There has not been anarchy in Mex
leo in the sense that there has been no
government" said the witness
Even while one revolt followed an
other?"
"Certainly; there always was a gov
ernment, no matter how much fighting
there was.'
Witness Writing an Opus
When Mr.. Stevenson had concluded
and redirect examination began by
Attorney Lucking, it developed that
the witness is engaged in authorship.
The opus is entitled "History of Po-
litical Theory" The author began
work on it only twenty-one years ago
and it is not completed, although two
volumes of it have been published.
"The next volume will carry the
work up to include 1880, when Proud
hon, the first man to do so, called HIM
self an anarchist" said the witness.
The information was adduced to show
that the witness had the right to fix
his own definitions Of words.
Attorney Lucking read from de-
cisions of the Supreme Court Of the
United States, where the word violence
was included as an essential in the
definition of "anarchist."
THAT agrees with my understand
ing" said Professor Dunning.
Mr.. Lucking announced that he
would read from the essays Of Emma
Goldman, and in the course of an OBJ
lection Mr.. Stevenson said
This witness was called to the
stand to refute our witness, Profess
sor Reeves, and ends by confirming
everything that Reeves said"
Disagree on Testimony
"I did nothing of the kind" broke
in the witness, turning to Judge
Tucker.
Excuse me, professor; will repeat
that you agreed that Professor Reeves
told the truth" insisted Mr.. Steven
son.
"Very we'll, Mr.. Stevenson, and I
will repeat that ! did nothing of the
kind"
Mr. Lucking was permitted to read.
Then he asked some questions.
Emma Goldman wrote on subjects
other than anarchy"
yes On prohibition, which she
opposed, and woman suffrage, which
she also opposed replied the pro-
fessor.
Now, because Emma Goldman and
the vets were in agreement, would
you call the vets anarchists :"
"No, sir"
Does the law Of the United States
allow anarchists to como into the
country"
Il object that this is not rebuttal,"
put in Attorney Stevenson.
why, all yesterday Mr.. Stevenson
was trying to show how nice the an
archists are. how good, how Christian"
said Mr.. Lucking.
Now we wish to show
"The witness may answer" said
Judge Tucker.
The law excludes them," replied
Professor Dunning.
Quotes Emma Goldman
Mr.. Lucking quoted Emma Goldman
as writing:
"Anarchism rouses man against
that black monster lGod);
Religion fetters the mind Of man;
1.-THE state with its theory Of prop |
crty fetters the needs OF men;