The Benson signal., 1919-04-12

the purpose in the side of the holy tomb. 1t Is
then made use of to light candles with which every
worshiper is equipped. The intention is to SYM
boize the descent Of the Holy Spirit. The candles
kept as sacred relics and are relighted only at
marriages, births and deaths.
The reception of the fire is the work of the
patriarch. He appears at the head of gorgeous
procession Of Observation-Disclosures, archbshops
and priests. He leads his followers three times
around the holy tomb and enters when passing the
doorway the third time leaving his followers
standing by. Shortly after the "holy fire" appears
through the opening in the form of a blazing
torch. Men have been appointed to snatch the
torch. These light their own candles and pass it
on to their neighbors; every burning candle be-
comes a train leading the sacred fire to hun
dred others. Robert Hichens description of the
scene is in part this
"It came at last. With fierce gesture as of
savage exultation the long-haired priest withdrew
his arm from the hole and held up great bunch
of flaming candles. And then delirum seized the
close packed thousands. All the mouths opened to
let out yells, shrieks and the wild titterings of
women All the arms gestculated with frenzy
toward the smoky yellow flames. All the bodies
struggled desperately, cruelty to get to them. And
the priest dipped his torch, and suddenly fire be-
gan to rush through the great church The patri-
arch tore out of the holy sepulcher and fell in
the Greek cathedral with the fire in his hands.
From the balconies near the blue star-spangled
dome masses of candles were let down by long
cords, were lighted by priests below and were
drawn up flaming Fire encircled the rotunda,
three tiers of fire. Through the glare, the
smoke the roaring, the procession bishops
and priests, accompanied by soldiers by acolytes,
by banner bearers, by canvasses beating the floor
with their slaves. Down the avenue Of
banners and muskets and torches came bearded
and long-haired men in magnificent vestments,
and the gorgeous Armenians, almost like NOV
ing idols, clad in the jewels of their wonderful
treasury: and the witheredlooking COpts and the
astounding Abyssinians, in magenta, with partly
shaved heads and great tufts of coarse hair, like
the gaudy puppets that people nightmare
From time immemorial the Christians of Jeru-
salem have observed the events of ChriSts passion,
death and resurrection in complete and dramatic
fashion, and it was from Jerusalem that Easter
customs spread to other parts of the world. The
earliest record Of these observances is in 1885, At
that time the Christians StrOve to realize by ap-
nrOpriate> ceremony and ritual the events of the
last acts in the life of Jesus. Each event
memorated as far as possible, on the spot of it's
occurrence The proper passages from the Gospel
were read and appropriate prayers were said
tho clergy and people went in procession from
nlace TO place-Bethany Gethsemane, Golgotha,
tho senulcher and Olivet. 1t was during the mid
do eges that the character Of the ceremonies
changed greatly, taking on spectacular features
which have persisted to the present day.
Tradition with more or less accuracy has fixed
the course of the Via DOOrOsa and the IA stations
at which the chief events on the way to the cross
occurred It is followed by thousands of visitors
on Easter week.
Easter is the principal festival of the Christian