davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Garden Plowtns-we are prepared.
TO plow gardens. Call IS on either
phone:-Adv.
Wanted - First-cla-s b%ookkeeper,
and*ofnce man at once. The H. K.
Getst Co.-Adv.
Fat in Roat apartments. Gail Roat's
Paint store.-Adv.
Headland to 'spe4k-Rev. Isaac
Headland willNbe the speaker at. 4.
dinner Of the Grand Forks CONNER
cial club next Thursday.
Three Lots for sale-Desirable To-
cation-prioes very reasonable. APP
ply to w. e. Black, Clifford Bldg
Band to Meet-Menfbers Of the
Grand Forks Municipal band afetre.
quested to meet at the city hall at
$3.50 o'clock tonight.
For ssle-Local and carload lots:
Kubanka Durum Wheat, Canadian
Marquis, Spring Rye. oats. tree from
Q. J. Barnea-Adv. :
Nouce-AN Shriners having KEN
Patrol uniform equipment suct az
leggtngs, fez. ETC., kindly turn same
IN to Frank Bitsan, supply sergeant.
Ole Peter1on Died-O1e Peterson.
age 80 years. died at the c. A. Wick
farm on Thursday. Death was caused
from diabetes from which he had
been suffering for some time. Fu-
neral services will be held from the
Norman undertaking parlors Saturday
afternoon.
clearinss in Grand Forks for the
week ending April a., 1919, show an
increase Of $S7,100 over the clearings
for the eame week. q year ago. Last
weeks clearinss were lower than the
same week last year.
Tho pirates q the. sea have been
captured but the health pirates, the
human foes existing in the raw milk
supply < still at large. Guard your
self and family against these death
dealing blows by using Danish Pride
MIX from healthy COWS. At your gro
cer.-Adv. ~
when the Boy Comes Back to His
Mother" Fihley's new song and 1--WE
have kept the homefires Burning" by
the same composer, are on sale at
Stones Music Store or Northwestern
Music Publishing company, Grand
Forks. N. D. Csc a copy. Add &c for
mailing. Get your copies today
Adv.
K. C.. Council Meets Tonight
Grand Forks Council 1860, knights of
Columbus, will hold a special meeting
this evening at 8 o'clock, when plans
will be completed for the initiation
which will be held on May 1. Mem
bership applications will be consid'
cred at the meeting tonight.
Not1ce to Our Consumers-Due te
complaints received from some Of our
consumers, we haye found in all hot
water pipes a very heavy scale or de.
post carried there by the water. We
would recommend to all OF our con-
sumner who are heating water
through any hot water appliance tc
have a plumber clean out their hot
water coils and pipes. In some pipes
we have found q sediment Of sum.
cient thickness to increase the amount
Of gas necessary to heat water al
least 500, and in some places, even
more, Samples Of piping in which car
be see tho. sediment spoken of ar
in u office. Red River Power Co
ADV.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

New York-Literal enforcement of
the wartime prohibition act, >lnclud-
ing a ban on production and sale of
all beers and wines. is proposed by
the government.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25
Defends ARMY oouRTMART1AL

Washington, April 25.-The army
court martial system found a strong
defender today before the committee
Of the American Ba: association, in
Col. James s. Easby-Smith, a WASH
lawyer in civil life and now a
member of the clemency board in the
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Geo. A. Noonan, Sec.
East Grand Forks. Minnesota. April
rs, 1919.
Bert D. Keck. Architect, First Nation
al Bank Bldg. Grand Forks. N.
Oak.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

said personal examination Of the c
ords Of cases widely exploited in
congress and elsewhere as showing
the injustice Of military courts had
convinced him that these had been
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25
BASEBALL

Columbus, Ohio, April 25.-(Asso-
carbohydrates City-Columbus post
poned: cold.
Washington, April 25.-(American)
Washington = Philadelphia post
poned, cold.
New York, April 25.-(American)
cold weather,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25
DOGS MADE GOOD TIME.

UOGS WADE GOOD TINE
Nenana, Alaska. March 4.-(By
Mail)-Nome has it's dog derby, but
Nenana also has entered the field Of
dog racing. Over "a 47-mile course
from Talkeetna to Montana creek and
return, a race was run Sunday with
many teams as contestants. the win
ners making the distance in four
hours and AZ minutes. Ole Jacobson's
team, of Nenana, finished first. for q
prize of 500,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

most grossly misrepresented."
The committee should reach no
conclusion without personal examina-
ton of the records in a large number
Of these cases. he insisted.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

BOARD OF EDUCATION,
Independent School District No. 3.
L. o. Lystad, Pres,
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

"When the Boy Comes Back to His
Mother" Fihley's new song and I'VE
have kept the homehres Burning" by
the same composer, are or sale at
Stones Music Store or Northwestern
Music Publishing company, Grand
Forks. N. d. Csc a copy. Add &c for
mailing. Get your copies today
AH1, .-" 10 ..
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Bank Uearings Highe-Bank
clearings in Grand Forks for the
week ending April "a, 1919, show an
increase Of $S7,100 over the clearings
for the same week a year ago. Last
weeks clearinss were lower than the
same week last year.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Loft for Hoane-A. r. Swe1dseid Of
Petersburg LETT this morning-for his
homo IN Petersburg, after visiting for
q few days in the city.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Gard Of Thanks-we wish to thank
our friends and neighbors for their
kindness and sympathy and beautiful
floral offerings during the illness and
death Of our beloved wife and mother.
E. A. Fladland and son, Norman
Adv
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Ole Peterson Died-Ole Peterson.
age 80 years, died at the C. A. Wick
farm on Thursday. Death was caused
from diabetes from which he had
been suffering for some time. Fur
neral services will be held from the
Norman undertaking parlors Saturday
afternoon.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Headland to 'spe4k-Rev. Isaac
Headland will Nbe the speaker at 4,
dinner Of the Grand Forks CONNER
ctal club next Thursday.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Three Lots for sale-Desirable To-
cation-prioes very reasonable. APP
ply to w. e. Black, Clifford Bldg
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-04-25

Few enlistments are being received,
at the present time at the local navy
recruiting station,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
GOSSIP OF WALL STREET.
Rail. Again I'm Demand.

Now that they have awakened from
q long hibernation. the standard rail
stocks are bidding actively for market
recognition and again yesterday led the
advance. Pool activity was everywhere
apparent in these advances. There are
said to be no less than eight large
pools engaged in accommodating rail-
stocks, and II such is the case their ac-
tivity is probably over tapping. which
accounts for some Of the peculiar cross
currents in the market yesterday after
noon, when for an hour or 30 Il was
without trend, but with pronounced ir-
regularity. There was no immediate
news back of the good market for rails
other than the report that Paul NJ War
burg is cooperating with Government Of
flcials in framing new legislation. But
It is this proposed legislation that the
rails undoubtedly are discounting. The
st. Paul issues, Baltimore and Ohio,
Norfolk and Western. Northern Pacific,
Reading and New York Central appeared
in keenest demand and all registered net
gains Of more than a point. Low priced
rails. as Ontario and Western, Western
Maryland, Southern and Kansas City
Southern appeared under process Of ,ac-
cumulation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
Cities Service Corporation.

Bankers knew long before the Henry
l. Doherty expeditionary force went to
Texas to look over the Cities Service
properties in the Southwest that the
corporation was in the market for money
with which to finance the exploitation for
oil and gas OF the leases II has been
negotiating. A guarded announcement
to this effect was given out yesterday
on the return TO the city OF the special
train on which Mr.. Doherty transported
the bankers to the Texas and mid CONT
nent fields. but further information was
unavailable. 1t Is known. however, that
the Doherty interests have gone into the
oil game in big way; that their leases
In the Southwestern field are as large as
those held by and other single interest.
and that the financing to be done will
cover proposed operations for this year
and the first part OF next 1t was re-
ported yesterday that the Empire Fuel
Gas Company, one OF the Cities Service
subsidiaries. will make an Offering OF
bonds within the next ten days.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17

OF all Of the merger possibilities about
which the financial district is alive with
rumors that of the big chemical compa-
nies appears to have the best chance OF
successful contamination. No announce
ment has been made nor is any ex-
pected in the immediate future on such
combination, but It is known that
stockholders OF some OF the concerns re-
ported to be interested in the merger
have been approached by directors in a
roundabout way to find out their attitude
toward the proposition. The concerns
reported to be considering such a huge
combination are the National Chemical
and Aniline Company. the General Chem
ical Company, the Semet-Solvay Com
pany and the Barrett Company. 1t is
believed that such a combine would pro-
duce the largest firm OF its kind in the
world. and probably II would rival in size
and Importance the Steel Corporation
The idea behind such a merger. OF
course. is a determined plan to present a
strong front against invasion OF German
made chemicals and dyes.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
Changing Names.

Several names which have become fa-'
miliar in the financial district are about
to disappear through the process of re-
organization OF companies or from other
causes. The Union Tank Line Company
is soon to change its name to the Union
Tank Car Company in connection with
the increase OF its capital stock from
$4,000. 900 to $25. 100000. The Sinclair
properties, when the merger under ne
gotiation shall have gone through, will
be known as the Sholan Company. Inc,
and the Ohio Cities Gas directors are
considering a change of that company's
name to ono more representative. The
expansion OF the company has brought
its property in half a dozen or more
States and the view of the directors is
said to be that the present name is too
restrictive. giving the public the idea
that its activities are confined TO Ohio
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
fractions Fixsle Out.

Local traction stocks which have EMU
lated the we'll known skyrocket in the
last few days dropped back with q
sickening thud yesterday. Just now
they are In exactly the same position
market wise-as they were before the
fire was applied to the fuse in the dol
drums Politicians set the stage for
their brief day and. of course. reaped
considerable profits. Rumors were
spread industriously that . soon would
come increases in fares and abolition
OF transfers which. OF course, Is what
the fractions are looking for to pull
them out OF the slough OF debt. It was
learned from an authoritative source
yesterday that no steps in the direction
of increased fares or abolition of trans
fers would be taken Immediately and
that It would be three months at least
before such action would be taken, The
resultant profit taking knocked them
down rapidly b. r. T. lost 3k points
and its certificates. AZ: Third avenue.
N. and marlborough preferred. 2h.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
Conaolidated Cigar Company.

While details have not been conf
pleted. It became known yesterday that
chain Of cigar factories throughout
the country Is being welded into large
corporation to be known as the Consol-
dated Cigar Company. securities Of
which are intended ultimately for the
big board via the Curb market The
Chase Securities Company and Tucker
Anthony & Co. are reported TO be be-
hind the corporation and there will be
100000 Of common and 100000 OF
preferred. The chain will include
twenty-four factories. employing about
$4,000 hands. and having some 400, 000,-
900 popular priced cigars capacity per
annum. Its factories are in Tampa. Key
West. New Orleans. New York, Phiia-
deluhia, Cincinnati. Detroit, Poughkeep-
sic, Allentown. Harrisburg and other
cities. 1t IL reported that the combined
earnings amount to approximately three
times the dividend requirements OF the
preferred stock II Is expected to pus out
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
Three Day Holiday.

A petition to close the New York
Stock Exchange on Saturday, May II,
following the May 80 holiday for Me-
mortal Day. is being circulated and is
receiving many signatures. This would
give the market three day holiday
Friday. Saturday. and Sunday. Similar
petitions are being circulated on the
New York Cotton and Sugar and the
Produce exchanges. and is considered
probable that all of them will be favor
ably acted on. Such a lay Off would bo
particularly welcome to members of the
New York Stock Exchange because the
succession Of million share trading days
has left the majority of clerical de-
partments Of Stock Exchange houses
woefully behind. The long holiday
would give them opportunity to catch
UP.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
Fisher BODY.

Stockholders Of the Fisher Body Cor
poration. despite denials which have
been made. hold firmly to the idea that
the stock of that corporation Is being
accumulated by General Motors with a
view Of obtaining control. As a result
prospective buyers and sellers are very
far apart in their bids. This condition
brought about the unusual spectacle
shortly after midday yesterday of SO bid
and so asked for an active stock. 1t is
probably the widest apart that a bid and
asked quotation on an active stock ever
has been on the big board. The stock
was really a leader In the days spe-
cialty trading. 1t touched a new high
at 70, up 7 points
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
THE PITTSBURGH. YOUNGSTOWN AND
ASHTABULA RAILWAY COMPANY.
Offlce OF the Treasurer.
RiftshurRh IA Nav 1919

Pittsburgh, pa, May /, 1919.
First General Mortgage Four Per Cent.
Bonds of this Company to an aggregate
cost OF Forty-seven Thousand Six Hundred
FOR the sinking Fund On Mondsy' June p
1919. from the lowest bidders at a price
not to exceed par and interest. Sealed pro-
posals to sell bonds must be in the hands
of The Farmers Loan and Trust Com
pany, New York, CITY. before close OF bust
ness. twelve o'clock Noon, on Saturday,
May 3lst, and bonds accepted must be de-
livered on June I'd security furnished
that day. II required. that delivery will be
made Within ten days.
T II. b. MCKNIGHT Treasurer.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17

63s West 42d St, New York, May 18th. 1919.
Pursuant to the terms of the Indenture
entered into with the Lincoln Trust Com
pany, as Trustees, requiring the redemp-
tion and cancellation of $50, 900. Par Value
Park & Tilford go Debenture Bonds on
June LIST, 1919. offerings for the sale OF this
amount of Bonds to Park & Tilford
now invited and will be received up to
May 29th, 1919. at this ONCE.
PARK TILFORD, BY Clarence Dohrman,
Asst Treasurer,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
ELECTIONS AND MEETINGS.

NOTICE is hereby given of special
meeting OF stockholders OF Victory Hat
New York, at 10 A. NJ. May 81, lsis. 10
Increase n capital stock to 5000 and elect
nc" on9sIs ana adaitional director.
Il sHuCkENsTA18. 6ssrstAry
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
MONEY AND EXCHANGE,

COMMERCIAL PAPER,
Prime Endorsed BiusIsix months SX0SE
Receivable Other nAmes.
Sixty days. 49,. 81 d5HlThree to siI
Ninety days. 81 15hl months ....SxnSR
CLEARING HOUSE STATEMENT
Clearing House exchanges. SCI, 7o5; bal.
ances. tSlo.9O5l7s: sub-Treasury debit bal.
ances Siss.2ss: Federal reserve credit bal.
ance, $ts0es.s51.
DOMESTIC EXCHANGE
Boston. par; Chicago, par; ST. Louis IA
i5c. discount; San Francisco. par; Montreal
.42a per $1,000 premium; Cincinnati, mar:
Minneapolis, 10c. premium.
SILVER PRICES
Bar silver in New York $1.ll91 Il: in Ion.
don. I'D. up I'D; Mexican dollars sac
UNCHANGED ''
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
100000 WANTED
DIVIDENDS AND INTEREST.

Loan on large piece of waterfront prop.
oral bonus. A. j., box l62 Sun once.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
FEDERAL MINING q sNtrr rvyo ~

EDEHfL MININH SMELTING CO.,
dividend OF one Nes) per cent. on the
preferred stock OF this company has to- day
been declared. payment June l4th, 1919,
70 stockholders OF record at the close OF
business on May cath, 1919. ~
NJ. a. SHEPHERD. Secretary.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17

oOri'"Isd on Poss II. Coils Z ard s.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
DIVIDEND NOTICE
CREX CARPET COMPANY.

212 Fifth Avenue, Now York
A dividend of go has been declared on
the capital stock OF this company payable
on June L4th, 1919, to stockholders of
record at the close Of business MAY 29th
1919 out OF the net earnings of the com
pany for the six months ended December
slst, 1918. The stock transfer books OF the
company will not be closed.
WILLIAM A. PEEL. Treasurer
Dated May 14th. 1919
st. Louis, Missouri May 8, 1919
The Board of Directors OF BROWN SHOD
COMPANY, INC, at a meeting held today
declared dividend of $3.50 per share on
the common stock OF this company, pay
able June J. 1919. to stockholders Of record
May goth. 1919.
WA. RRAII. Secretary.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17
FOREIGN BONDS.

FOREIGN BONDS DEALT IN FLAT.
Mexico Extern. sterl. Is of 90 1915. Is II
Mexico Extern. gold ~ OF '0i. 1885,. 20 SO
Russ. 1894 rente Is, 1000 ruble den. 3 -.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17

Closing prices of stocks In which there
were no transactions yesterday:
BldAsked. Bid.Asked.
AID 4 sus, iss BIZ Note. 81 80
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-17

Chi&Aiton 3t<s
A......377s
Chi q Alton IS
2......S2A
CCCASt L AVS
80
CD Il o Joint -
Americus times-recorder., 1919-12-19

Monday Morning, Dec. 22, at 9
o'clock we will place on sale 100 La
dies Georgette and Crepe de Chine
Waists; regular $5 90 values, in assort-
ed good STYLES and colors. Take your
choice Of the lot for
$3.50
None Of these Waists on approval. No
telephone orders; strictly cash and no
exchange.
Americus times-recorder., 1919-12-19

a$22,5O MEMS OVERCOATS. in
PIaids OILY, on so'e at S15.95
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-03-30
Try NEWS-TIMES Want Ads
+ atal at
Unhealthy Fatness Shortens
Life. Reduce Weight

Would you like to reduce your
weight 10 to so, or more, pounds in
a simple, safe, comfortable wayl
Do you want to be healthier, to
look younger, to be sprightly, to be
more efficient, to possess a good fig
ure without wrinkles or flabbinessl
Then stop harmful drugging; do
OF follow starvation diet or tedious
ercising, but adopt the delightful,
guaranteed, korein system.
Stand by your window or in the
open air each morning and evening,
taking deep breaths. Use oi Of
koreiB and follow other simple. direc-
tiOns of the system.
You Will reduce your weight, or
receive a forfeiture in cash under
500 guarantee. Get a small box of
oil of korein Gin capsules), now sold
in drug stores at lowest before-war
price, or write TO Korein Company,
NB-69, Station F. New York City, for
free book. "Reduce Weight Hap
PLY" Amaze everybody by at
traetive figure, vigorous health and
personality. Show others this adv t.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-03-30
GREAT MILITARY
TANGLE SEEN
ABOUT HUNGARY
Conflicting Reports Show
Many Armies Mixed Up
in Turmoil.
BY United Press

BY United Press:
LONDON, March 29-The most
gigantic military tangle in the his
tory Of the world apparently is be
ing staged in and around Hungary.
Dispatches from various sources
today showed armies of several and
mixed nationalities scurrying this
way and that occasionally clashing
but just as frequently passing each
other by.
Conflicting reports today indicated
the following situation:
Both railway lines between Buda-
pest and Vienna have been cut by
allied forces-Italians occupying
Pressburg on the northern route.
and Czecho-Slovaks holding Raab on
the southern route.
Russ Force i'm Galicia.
Russian bolsheviks are sweeping
westward across eastern Galicia
overrunning the rich oil lands and
threatening invasion of Austria.
A Roumanian army is entering
Galicia along the same route as
Travelled by the Russian bOlsheviks.
Another Roumanian army is
marching northwestward toward
Budapest across the Maros river
Still another Roumanian army is
driving eastward into the Ukraine
from Central Bessarabia. defeating
the Ukrainian forces and cOOperat-
ing with the French along the Dnies-
ter river. northwest of Odessa.
A fourth Roumanian army is re-
treating sOuthwestward across the
Pruth river in the face of the forces
of the newly constituted republic of
Bessara bia, which was formed in al
lance with the Russian bosheviks.
BuJgarians Mobilize.
Bulgarians are modelling along
the eastern frontier Of Serbia.
Polish troops, occupying Lemberg
recently recaptured from the Tx
rainians-have gone on strike in
sympathy with the Hungarian soviet
government.
Ukrainian and Bessarabian reVolu-
tionary forces are joining for an at
tack on the allies northwest Of
Odessa. Revolutionary soldiers have
seized Drohobycz southwest of Lem
berg and established soviet gov
eminent.
South Bend news-times. (South Bend, Ind.) 1913-1938, 1919-03-30
COMMITTEE To Be
CENTER Of FIGHT
ON LEAGUE PLAN
Control of Foreign Relations
Body is important Fac
tor in Decision.

~ United Press:
WASHINGTON. March 49-The
FIRST skirmish in the league OF ma
lions battle probably viii be fought
while the next senate is being organ
lzed. shortly before the opening Of
the coming extra session.
The senate foreign relations COM
mittee. makeup of which will be de-
tcrmined at that time. will be the
center Of this preliminary encounter,
possibly indicating which way the
sentiment ia the senate is swaying.
After the peace treaty with the
league covenant in it. is sent to the
senate. under present rules OF pro-
cedure it viii be referred 20 the for
eign relations committee
This CON mIttee may report il fav-
orably to the senate. it may report 1t
unfavorably or report 1t without
recommendation or amendment.
Report il Advantage.
While the committee report in no
way will indicate the final senate
action. both friends and opponents
~ the league are alive 10 the pre-
urinary advantage OF "a committee
report favoring their side
For this reason both sides are
trying 10 organize the foreign rela-
tions committee. so that they will
have the majority on IT,
The first part OF the tight will
come i'm republican causus when an
effort will be made 10 fill three or
four republican vacancies on the
committee with league opponents.
To Be Party Fight.
The next part Of the battle will
he between republicans and demo-
Gratis as TO whether there would be
nine republicans and eight demo-
Gratis or 10 republicans and seven
democrats on the committee
If the republicans have only a ma
iOrity of one. all Of them would have
TO vote against the league to get an
unfavorabic report il all the demo-
era supported IT, This is unlikely
since Sen. McCumber, a republican
committee mem Der. is for the league.
II the republican majority were
10 10 z, however. they might take
adverse action without McCumber't
vote.