The sun., 1919-03-01
Gives EngIa nd Five Votes.

the world. whether league members
or not"
Gives England Five Votes.
Senator Lodge surveyed the fourti
NTH and sixth articles Of the covenar
IN brief and then turned to Article vi.
He said:
Under Article Z, covering admin
sion to the league. the assent OF not
less than two-thirds OF the States
represented In tho body OF delegates
Is necessary. and the membership Is
limited 20 fully Safeguarding coun-
tries. including dominions and COL
onie1.' The inclusion of domlnions
and colonies. OF course, covers tho
four great self-governing dom,nions
of Great Britain. have no fault to
ind with the arrangement Canada,
New Zealand, South Africa and Aus
tralia are far more worthy and moro
valuable members of League Of
Nations than some which think
Will ind their way into tho body.
But tho fact remains that In the
body Of delegates England has i've
votes to one vote OF any other coun-
try.
The next paragraph says that no
state should be admitted to the
league unless II IL able to give EFF
fectivs guarantees Of its sincere in
tention to observe It's international
obligations do not want to seem
hypercritical. but ! think that In a
document OF this kind ws should
know little better what an effec-
tive guarantee of its sincere inten-
ton is. merely throw this out as
one OF the points which Il seems to
me ought to be made clear. Let US
know what II means. How are we
to test the sincerity of the inten-
ton? How are We to get a g,iaran-
tee for the sincerity of the intention
In advance? t..
I'VE now come to Article VIII,
which refers to disarmament, one Of
the most important questions in the
constitution. with the purpose OF
which everybody must be In keenest
sympathy.
IT'S very Importance makes II
necessary In my opinion to express
what Is to be done with the utmost
clearness. 1t must DO consistent with
the enforcement by common action
OF international obliga ton
There is an absolutely binding
provision in tho words. and these
limits when adopted shall not be ex-
ceeded without the permission of the
o. executive council. Adopted by
whom? The natural inference Ia,
adopted by the several Governments,
II you trace 1t back through the
wording OF the previous paragraphs.
should BE Drafted Clearly.
Ought not an instrument OF this
vital character to be drafted with
the ordinary care which clerk
gives In drafting clause for Sem
ate committee? Ought il not to be
stated clearly thus, adopted by the
several Governments" and then
there can be no question that each
Government can decide upon the
programme itself and its own ehare
before 1t 10 put in position where
II can never exceed that programme
without the permission ef the exec
uSive council. I assume without the
majority of the executive council.
That Ia another thing which appar-
emily II has not been thought worth
while TO state, but I do not think
that you can be too clear when you
are exacting from nations these
great PROMISE and laying upon
them these heavy burdens.
THE clause in the constitution
having reference to private enter
prises engaging in the production of
war munitions is mere advice TO be
laid before the body Of delega ties,
but II Is not explained how far the
advice goes
The high contracting parties
the last paragraph says, undertake
In no way to conceal from each other
the condition of such OF their indus
tries as are capable OF being adapted
10 warlike purposes or the scale OF
their ornaments
An admirable proposition. There
seems to he no method expressed
here by which they can he COM
PEELED to give that information ex-
Cept by saying that II they do not
do IL they fail in a moral obliga-
ton.
Article TX. says: "A permanent
commission shall be constituted 10
advise the league on the execution OF
the provisions OF Article VIII. and on
military and naval questions gem
orally A very useful body, but
constituted by whom? There Is not
one syllable to show. When you get
Into the misty region o. oterences
by individuals you must have some
tribunal established. like our Su-
preme Court, which can declare
whether the inference is correct or
not.
m.
when one nation guarantees the
political independence and tho ter
ritorlal integrity OF another You
must maintain that guarantee in the
last resort by tho exercise OF tho
force of tho nation. II We were TO
guarantee the political independence
and territorial integrity of Mexico
or Guatemala or any OF those states
we should have to stand behind them
with our armies and our fleets when
the guarantee was invoked. and
there is no escape from that obliga-
tlon. These plain words demand IL.
II am not now arguing whether
we should or should not give the
guarantee. but l beg my fellow
countrymen 20 consider well before
they give this promise which extends
to every state on the face of the
earth.
at is no reply TO the point about
immigration TO say that II you fol-
low 1t through all tho wlndings OF
the provisions here you will ind II
reaches a point where the league
could do nothing about Immigration
into the United States unless 1t was
nj M L.
they would ever be unanimous.
Granted. But the possibility is there.
IT do not think we should leave
TO the league any question as to Inn
migration, because immigratio lies
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