Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1919-03-14

position to seek peace on the part OF nations,
the great obstacle in the immediate past to
realizing the purpose has been lack of elimin-
ating organs in the body of world politics
to remove the poison of dissension. The stu
dent of the international relations of the last
century must inevitably be impressed with
the fact that practically no difficulty that re-
suited in crisis or in war was recent in it,
origin. Take the Balkan question, for e>s.
ample. The decisions of the 1820's and 1905
were incomplete and unsatisfactory, but they
fixed conditions which in the 70's resulted in
a great European settlement that, under SINH
larly bad auspices, was as unfortunate as the
first arrangement. And the fostering sores
then opened created unWholesome conditions
that required the major operation of a world
war. Establishment OF machinery 1ST ~ipirs
out the causes of dissension when disputes
arise and for deciding actual controversies by
peaceab1e means will therefore play an essen
tial part in ensuring peace. But lest ma
TONS interest should loom larger to it than
the worlds peace, it is advisable that each
nation shall understand that an attempt to
upset the peace of the world" will imme-
diately bring it up against the united forces
of all.
'The advantages of membership in the
league, both economically and from the point
of view of security, should be SO clear that
all nations will desire to be members of it."
International Court: For the decision of
justiciable questions, an impartial tribunal
assent of the parties to the controversy; pro-
vision to be made for enforcing its decisions"
The purpose of this article is to give inter-
national justice an institution through which
it can operate upon all problems between ma
tiOns. A restricted court has existed since
the first Hague conference of 1899 and Az
states-including all belligerents-are mem
Der of it. A better court was provided in
1907, but had not been set up at the out
break of the war. There is no question raised
anywhere as to complete international court,
so far as its principle is concerned.
The organization of such court will be, of
course, largely technical. Such details offer
little difficulty. The problem not yet solved
is how the court is to be made up. That was
| an unconquered problem before the war be-
cause of the theory of sovereignty, which
made states unwilling to establish a court in
which all were not represented by their own
members. International cooperation to the
extent now accepted should serve to modify
that theory so that solution Of this problem
7 will not be difficult.
Council of Cancellation: "For Questions that
are not justiciable in their character, a coun-
Gil of Cancellation, as mediator, which shall
hear, consider, and make. recommendations
and failing acquiescence by the parties con-
cerned, the league shall determine what ac-
ton, if any, shall be taken. 1t was we'll recog-
nized before the war that negotiation, which
is nothing but diplomatic bargaining, did mott
settle all disputes between naClOnS ana that
courts could not handle many of them because
they did not involve principles of law. The
Hague conferences provided the machinery
for Cancellation, but it was optional. The Taft
administration in 1911 negotiated treaties
which applied this principle in the exact form
of the program. After they failed to receive
the senate's approval, the Wilson adminstra-
ton negotiated similar treaties with thirty
countries, of which twenty are in force The
proposal now is to create permanent inter-
national institution performing this service.
Organization of an international council
offers no difficulty. Like the court, the actual
arrangements for setting it up must be largely
technical. AS the purpose of the council isl
simply to aid the parties in dispute to find the
facts in their controversy, leaving the decision
for them to find, the personnel is not of the
same Importance in the judicial organ, and
no nation is likely to object to any reasonable
and practical method of constituting it.
(Adapted from study outlines in the
''Homiletic Review for December, 8s1918I
Copyright by Funk & Wagnalls Co.. New
York City, Co.