Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-02-14

Inc ADMISSION OF states not sigma
assent of not less than two-thirds of
Must Furnish Gurantees.
No state shall be admitted unless
it gives effective guarantees to OBJ
serve international obligations and
unless it shall conform to conditions
prescribed by the league in regard to
it's naval and military forces and
armament.
The high contracting parties under
take to respect and preserve the ter
ritorial integrity and political inde-
5pendence of all states members. of the
league against external aggression. In
case of any aggression or any threat
of danger Of such aggression the ex-
ecutive council shall advise upon the
means by which the obligations of the
members shall be fulfilled. ,gI3;
The high contracting parties re-
serve the right to take any action to
safeguard the peace Of nations in the
case of war or threat of war. In. the
case Of disputes arising between them
which diplomacy cannot adjust, the
high contracting parties will not re-
sort to war without submitting to ar
bitration or to an inquiry by the ex-
ecutive council and until three
months after action by the arbitra'
tors Or the executive council. This
executive council shall formulate
plans for the establishment of per.
mament court of international jus,
tice.
Armament to Be Reduced.
Concerning armaments, the cove
nant says that the maintenance o1
peace will require the reduction Of
national armaments to the loves
point consistent with national safety
and the enforcement of internationa
obligations by common action, the
geographical situations and circum
stances of the various states beint
taken into account.
The executive council shall fix tn.
extent of armaments and these shall
not be exceeded without the permls
sion Of the council.
It is agreed that the private man
,ufacture of munitions and implements
of war Lends itself to grave obJec
tions' The executive council is di
.rected to give advice on the abate
ment of this evil.
The contracting parties undertake
not to conceal their ability to produce
munitions and armaments and agre'
on full interchange of information
as to military and naval programs.
party break or disregard its cove
nants under article XII, which pro
vides for arbitration or inquiry b!
the executive council, it shall b.
deemed to have committed an act o
war against all the other member
who will take economic and financia
measures against it. These measures
will refer both to members of thu
league and those who are not mem
bers.
In such a case it will be the dut.
Of the executive council to recon
mend the amount Of naval militar.
forces which each member of tn
league shall contribute to the arme'
forces necessary to protect tn
covenants Of the league.
The members Of the league agree t
mutually support one another fl
nancially and economically in an,
measure taken and also to afford pas
sage through their territory Of an
forces necessary to carry out tn
covenants Of the league.
In disputes between member o
the league and state not a membe
or between. states not members OF tn
league, the contracting parties agre
that the states not members Of tn
league shall be invited to lay thei
disputes before the league. =
II the states invited to allow tn
league to adjust their disputes re
fuse, any action. against state,
member Of the league, would b
deemed to be an act Of war agains
all the other members of the league
The, contracting parties agree tina
the league shall have general super
vision Of traffic in arms and ammuni
ton with countries, in which sue
traffic would be against the commo
interest.
Colonies and territories remove
from the sovereignty Of the state
which formerly governed them an
not yet able to stand by themselve
shalt be before the trust Of civilixa
ton. The tutelage of such countrie
shall be entrusted to, the advance
nations which can best undertake thi
responsibility. 81, ,5 3g. & 4,
The tutelage should be exercise
By the advanced nations as manda
tories on behalf of the league. sTh
character Of the mandate will diffe
according to the various circum
stances Of the peoples. Ks ssS5
The contracting parties will on
sdeavor to secure ana maintain fai
and humane conditions OF labor 70
men, women and children and agre
to Sstablish 40 part of the organixa
4 tlon OF the league = permanent bur
eau OF labor "A !, n i5lss
Tho members OF the league agre
% secure and maintain freedom Z
tyanslt and equitable Treatment 20