The weekly messenger., 1919-07-05
Strange Sources From Which
Pigments Used by Modern
Painters Are Derived.
PRESERVATION OF SURFACES.
Crude but Effective Processes Employ.
ed by the Egyptians and Greeks Of
PIIny's Day-Noah Prudently
Waterproofed the Ark.

WneIneT phlnt was iuNchtcu AZ a."
swer to a need for q preservative or to |
meet a desire for beauty Is question
fully as knotty as the ancient one about |
the relative time Of arrival OF the
chicken or the egg. 1t was invented,
though, and II serves both purposes
equally; SO whether 1t is an offspring
Of mother necessity or an adopted son
of beauty remains forever a disputed
question.
The first men, covering under the
fierce and glarins suns Of the biblical
countries, constructed rude huts OF
wood to shelter them. The perishable
nature Of these structures caused rapid
decay, and 1t is probable that the oc-
cupants, seeking some artificial means
of preservation, hit upon the pigments
Of the earth In their search. 1t Is per-
haps natural to suppose that 1t was
the instinct Of preservation that led
men to the search, although the glOries
of the sunsets and the beauties Of the
rainbow may have created desire to
initiate those wonders In their own
dwellings.
The earliest record Of the applica-
ton of a preservative to a wooden
structure dates from the ark, which
was, according to the Bible. pitched
within and without" The pitch was a
triumph Of preservation whatever 1t
lacked as a thing Of beauty.
Decoration applied to buildings first
comes to light with ancient Babylon,
whose walls were covered with reHre-
sentatIons Of hunting scenes and Of
combat. These were done in red and
the method followed was to paint the
scene on the bricks at the time of
manufacture, assuring permanence by
baking. Strictly speaking, this was
not painting so much as 1t was the
earliest manifestation Of our own IA
miliar kalsomining.
The first Hebrew to mention paint
ing is Moses. In the thirty-third chap
ter of the book Of Numbers he in
structs the Israelites, "When We have
passed over the Jordan into the land
Of Canaan. then shall ye drive out all
the inhabitants Of the land from be-
fore you and destroy all their pic
lures. ="
At later periods the Jews adopted
many customs Of the peoples who sue
cessively obtained power over them
and in the apocryphal book Of the
Maccabees Is found this allusion to
the art of decorating, "For as the mas
ter builder of a new house must care
for the whole building, but he that
undertaketh to set 1t out and paint 1t,
must seek out things for the adorning
thereof"
Greek for the discovery Of paint, the
illusions to 1t In the books Of Moses,
the painted mummy cases Of the Egyp-
tians and the decorated walls Of Baby
Ion and Thebes fix its origin at o
period long antecedent to the Grecian
era. The walls of Thebes were paint
ed 1000 years before the coming OF
Christ and 900 years before "'Omer
smote his bloomin' Tyre"
The Greeks recognized the value of
paint as preservative and made use
Of something akin to II on their ships
Pliny writes of the mode Of boiling
wax and painting ships with it. after
which, he continues, neither the sea,
nor the wind, nor the sun can destroy
the wood thus protected"
The Romans, being essentially q
warlike people, never brought the dec
oration Of buildings to the high plane
II had reached with the Greeks. For
all that the ruins Of Pompeii show
many structures whose mural decora-
tions are in fair shape today. The
colors used were glaring. A black
background was the usual one and the
combinations worked thereon red, vel.
low aid blue.
In the early Christian era the use of
mosaics for churches somewhat sup
planted mural painting. Still, during
the reign Of Justinian the Church of
Saint Sophia was built at Constantine
pie and its walls were adorned with
paintings.
In modern times the uses Of paint
have come to be as numerous as its
myriad shades and tints. Paint 1.
unique In that its name las no syno
nym and for 1t there Is no substitute
material. Bread is the staff Of life, bu,
paint Is the life Of the staff.
No one thinks Of the exterior Of
wooden building now except in terms
Of paint coated. Interiors, too, from
painted walls and stained furniture
down to the lowliest kitchen utensil
all receive their protective covering