davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09
Weather Expert Shows That Temporal
lures Have About Averaged the Same
for 49Years Despite Present Winter

They did not, and their apparent COM
ing in succession is due 10 our faulty
memory of the numerous mild winters
intervening which were less spec
tacular[
We are impressed by a few abnormal
seasons, and as time goes or the i'm
preston becomes greatly magnified.
We thus exaggerate cold and warm
seasons One severe winter may be
followed several years later by an
other, and as the years pass by these
single cold seasons, having made n
deep impression, are looked back upon
and appear TO have been close together
or even constant 1t is, In a way, like
looking down a long railroad for sew
eral miles with telegraph poles on
both sides The further one looks
down such a road the nearer the poles
appear to each other until they seem
to meet and form one solid object.
When we become older We probably
will be telling younger folks that biz
yards like those of March, 1883, and
February, 1899, occurred every winter
A boy is always very much impressed
by a heavy snowstorm, and after he
has grown up snowfalls that are Just
az deep appear dwarfed in contrast
with his magnifled memory of the
storms during his school days. We
Will look upon the phenomena OF
heavy rains. floods, droughts. gales
&c, in the same way To a small boy
q drift OF snow might have been waist
deep, but now it would only reach per
haps to our knees. We must also re-
-,
have the conveniences that we now do.
such as taxicabs, electric street cars and
other modern conVeyances. Years ago
we had to walk long distances through
billiards., heavy transforms, biting
winds and other severe weather con-
dltions to go TO school, which left i'm
pressions hard to forget. These same
abnormal conditions now come Just as
frequently and as severely as they
used to, but we are not obliged to ex-
pose ourselves as we did then and il
| does not make such impressions.
Surroundings Have Changed.
Those living In sections built up rap
idly during the last few decades must
remember that in those days the open
country was more exposed to the cold
winds which would pile up drifts OF
snow deeply; that the snow was not
removed as IT now generally is and
| that there were no heated cellars
under buildings warming up pavements
and sidewalks, which now cause the
snow and Ice to melt with greater
| rapidlty. The increased traffic in the
| streets also lessons snow
AS no definite answer can be given
! on the basis OF memory, tradition OF
OF general impression, even on the
memories of the oldest inhabitants, the
only definite result must then be based
on past instrumental records of tenn
| rerature, rainfall, snowfall, wind and
| other meteorological elements. Stand
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09

the zigzag line or values to the right
how it varied from year to year and
still the uniformity of the averages for
each ten year period. The straight
line drawn at SIG degrees is the nor
NAL annual temperature based on the
average for forty-eight years. The
greatest difference between the decade
averages is 1.3 degrees. 1871 to 1880
being the lowest. and 1891 TO 1900 the
highest.
These figures prove conclusively
that there has been no appreciable
change in our climate, and It will be
interesting 10 note that when tho av-
erage temperatures for any month or
season are compiled by years and di-
vided into decades they all present the
same uniformity as the annual figures.
This proves that our seasons and
months have not changed. Statistics
of snowfall, rainfall, winds and all
the other elements all preserve the
trend of sameness when they are com
piled and divided into periods of at
least ten years.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09
New Yoks Climate Isn't Changing After ALL and Signs Fail

ard instruments Of high precision,
properly exposed and carefully OBJ
served, do not forget or lie and are not
prejudiced. The Weather Bureau rec
ords are in n class separate and dis
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09

tinct from the recollections OF the old
est inhabitants and are the only data
which prove conclusively that our eli
mate. although variable, can be de-
pended upon to furnish us with Just
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09
By S. X. PEARSON, JR.
Cooperative Observer, L. s. Weather
Bureau.

Cooperative Observer, L. s. Weather
Bureau
TOW that the war is over and
- prohibition established conten-
= tious persons who must have
something TO talk about are saying
again that our climate is changing and
our winters are warmer than when
they were children. Our present mild
winter, OF course, is responsible for
these remarks and ideas.
During last winter, when the coolest
weather known in the history OF the
city was experienced. the theory ad-
vanced by these same people was that
the so-called old fashioned winter had
returned.
All these hypothesis, however. are
entirely erroneous, as there are so
many vagaries and changes Of weather
from day 10 day and month 10 month
that it is impossible for the theorists
to carry a complete chronology of it
in their minds. But with all our
freaks of weather there is one steady
trait in our climate which may be
traced and proved by accurate instru-
mental records taken by trained OBJ
servers at points where surroundings
have not changed for a great number
OF years,
That German Weather.
Last winter the most Gripping
weather conditions probably ever ex-
perienced in the history OF the coun-
try and over the busiest manufacture
ing coal mining and transportation
section occurred Just at a time when
ansportation should have been great
est in volume to supply our allies and
ourselves Jack Frost, Jupiter PluVius
and Old Boreas did their utmost to
help Germany, the weather acting
like a Hun propaganda, doing all in
it's power to cripple and delay our war
preparations and supplies and to cause
suffering among us by holding up the
| coal, food and other necessaries, This
never will be forgotten by our present
generation, and as we grow older and
become grandparents we will be tell
| ing our grandchildren that the winters
| during our school days and the world
J wal were always CoIu anu SNOWY. WIN
we remember this open winter of 1919"
! We will not, because there was moth
! ing in connection with it to make an
! impression in our minds 10 be magni-
! fed as years go by.
The truth is that mild, open winters
are Just as old fashioned as cold.
snowy ones, and there were many OF
both during our school days as we'll as
/ there viii be in the future. Those Of
us who are old, or even middle aged
think we remember a long series OF
| severe, cold snowy winters. and no
doubt we do, but did they occur con-
! sccutively in our childhood any more
than tbey do during our present days?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09
Why Blame the PIaywrightf


The whole basis Of farce is fear.
II the leading character isn't afraid OF
something he is not funny. Nor can
the situations he made funny. He
must be afraid" of his wife or
mother-in-law, in fear of losing his
sweetheart, his job, his wife, and tho
moro he suffers the more tho audience
will laugh.
Why should the poor playwright
tear the odium of having drawn an
unpleasing character when the thing
Is forced on him by that trait in hu-
man nature, and present in every farce
audience, of laughing at the other fe,-
lows troubles?
Everybody knows this Is true,
What do we do when a fat man sits
Unexpectedly on the icy sidewalk
What do we do when Mr. Man
rushes up to the gate Just as the ey
press pulls out? You know what Won
do You smile at his discontinue and
laugh at his woebegone expression or
voCiferous maledictions.
When a tall comedian, several years
ago, took delight in poking out tho
eye OF his smaller and more rotund
Vis-a-vis, what did We al do? What
indeed?
No, II the people in farce ceased 10
be Credulous and jealous. suspicious
and cowardly and a little foolish"
there would be no farce.
American farce is compelled to fol-
low its own path. American audiences
will not tolerate characters whose mo-
tives are really and clearly immoral
Much More Elastic Abroad.
The continental point OF View 10
much more elastic than our own. The
French writer's OF farce never think OF
beginning a farce until some one
brings forth a fragment of the frac-
tured seventh commandment and saws
dramatic this" The American
point OF view is that nothing risque
can have happened. That nothing shall
happen during the play or afterward
that will bring forth a blush. It may
almost happen, II may seem TO have
happened or the people on the staEa
may think It has happened; but tho
audience knows that it hasn't
The American does not consular
philandering carried to the nth deRree
comic-but tragic--dnd the reply of
empty benches will soon convince eny
ono who tries TO show him he Is wrong.
And finally, farce is not provender
for the ultra sophisticated, for the man
or woman who knows all the tricks Of
the trade-but simply for those who
demand an evenings entertainment
not too old, not too new, not too
straltaced, not too broad.
And TO people such as these the
farce writer says: Come with me 10
the land of "lets pretend Try. or
try to believe, tnaL. tiess people / set
before YOU are real. That the impossl-
bic is possible. That the extravagance
Is not extravaganza,
Believe this and for a space ! viii
/ give you the golden gift of laughter.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-09

persuade his audience to go on DO
lleving" that It could all happen.
Rather a large order? Aye, verify,
Colossal!
There are really only two phases Of
life on which farce can be built. The
first is mistaken identity.
Shakespeare stin suprcm&
When Shakespeare dotted the last
in THE Comedy of Errors" he wrote
the best one that ever has been
written. We have gone on for 300
years trying to better it-and we
haven't done it., But It would take the
name of Shakespeare to lure Broad
way audience into a house where a
farce founded on mistaken identity is
being played, for when Mr., Author
tries to make friend audience believe
that John is mistaken for James by
the latter's wife, or that Henry does
not recognize the third cousin of his
maiden aunt because she has put on a
tuxedo and a prop mustache he will
be welcomed by one enthusiastic and
unanimous yawn, while the anvil
chorus" sings: "What-again? in
close harmony.
Cross 'purpose-with it's variations
is the only subject left. And tine con-
slant search, in this limited field. -un-
dophtedly leads to sameness, in spots;
to usualness in others and is provoca-
tive of drastic criticism
Another inherent quality of farce
which always causes unfavorable com
ment is weakness or Stiffness OF the
characters. Let us say. boldly. the
"Cowardice" of the leading charac-
tiers.
1t would be an easy matter to
change this and make the farce hero
brave and manly in all ways. And
then he would automatically cease to
be farce character and the play would,
at the same time, become something
other than farce
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1919-07-18
Sale starts Saturdl

eBurFrt tRa
anummrg
~ ~n
anme
rLsmdypm He
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
FORMER SERVICE MEN
AS CENSUS SUPERVISORS

Washington. October 25.-(Special)
In statement released for publica-
ton this afternoon, the bureau of
census declares that s5 former soldiers
and sailors have been appointed super
visors for the fourteenth decennial
census.
"The census bureau was particularly
glad whenever it found former SER
vice man for the job of supervisor"
announced Director OF the Census Sam
L. Rogers. Most of the applicants
who qualified. however, were men of
more mature age and of broader ex-
perience than the majority of soldiers
and sailors"
Three women appear on the list of
supervisors, one having been appointed
to serve in the state of New York, one
in Texas and one in Nevada. This IS
the first time in the history of the
census bureau that women have been
selected to fill these positions
OF the 372 supervisors chosen, ap-
proximately 100 are lawyers. Ex-ser-
vice men come next in number. ard
editors rank third with more than 30
appointments. Farmers are repre-
sented with about 25. while educators,
numbering about 20. run the farmers
a close race.
Several physicians have undertaken
the task of collecting Uncle Sans sta
tistics, and likewise a great nSany BUSH
ness men.
Each supervisor had to undergo
rigid tests as to his fitness for the
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
PROPER TO DISPENSE
NUMEROUS GOOD JOBS

Washington, October 25-(Specia1)
Daniel Roper, internal revenue COL
lector, has, oyer his protests, been
charged by Congress with the enforce
ment of nationwide prohibition. In
order to carry out his instructions he
will organize constabulary, the like
of which has never been seen in this
country. AS starter, he will name
a prohibition commissioner for each
state of the union. This commissioner
will be empowered to name his own
staff of deputies.
Mr. Roper will appoint the commits
sioners after conference with the sew
eral senator's. The salary to be paid
a commissioner will be $4,000 per an
mum. sum which. when emoluments
are considered. will be increased to
approximately $4,000. The job will be
a very good one from financial point
of view. 1t is evident.
Mr. Roper says, however. that the
commissioner must be a man Of force
and determination. 1t is not neces-
sary that ne be a prohibitionist; the
only requirement being that he be a
supporter Of law. He must be broad
minded. No inhuman practices will be
tolerated, and appointees must be able
to see the beauty which lies in the
smile of child.
The work will be very hard. Be-
cause of the promscous manufacture
of liquor in every hill of every county
of every state of the union, it was the
belief of the public that a rigid en-
forcement of the law could not be OBJ
tanned even by the employment of the
United States army But Mr.. Roper
believes that his As commissioners,
with adequate staffs. will be able to
do the work
The appointments will be announced
shortly, 1t is understood.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
WAURIKA NO. 3 is
HIGHLY COMMENDED
J. p. Dickson, Former Birmingham
Man, Is Acting as Fiscal Agent
for Company

The value of Waurika Oil association
No. as promising oil company can
be judged by the predecessors, Waurika
1 and Waurika 2 These two companies,
operated by the same successful oil men,
who ar etrustees in Waurika No, 8.
had holdings in the Burkburnett and
Desdemona fields. The operators have
eight producing wells to their credit,
which has kept the stock sales of Wau-
rika l and above par. Waurika No.
l at the present time is selling nearly
five for one and swaurika No. . is
worth one and one-half for one.
This record is exceptional for Texas
oil companies and speaks well for the
careful, conservative management of
the Waurika companies.
Waurika No. has just recently added
an interest in a 50-acre royalty in
stephens county, Texas. The earnings
from this royalty will go into the divi
dend funds of the company n addi-
tion the company owns 3s acres in the
Desdemona field, divided into five tracts
Two large wells have come in near
these holdings since their purchase
which should prove them conslusively
for drilling site.
G.. p. Dickson, fiscal agent for the
company, was born near Birmingham
and lived there for a great number OF
years Since his advent into the oil
fraternity he has been careful student
of the oil fields as well as good stocks
and has been successful in each PROPOSE
ton handled. He thinks Waurika No
3 is without doubt the best securities
he has been connected with financially
and represents a good opportunity for
Alabama investors. Mr.. Dickson will
be very glad to greet Alabama visitors
at his offices at 312 Burton building,
Fort Worth.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
Cotton Consumed


Washington, October 25.-Cotton ginned
prior to October IS was 4,s79, 4S3 running
bales, including 55.575 round bales, S95S
bales of American Egyptian and 1871
bales of sea island, the census bureau
announced today.
To October Is. last year ginnings were
6Sll,351 running bales, including Ill SOS
round bales and 1858 bales of sea island.
Ginnings by states follows:
Alabama, SS2,565; Arizona. 1905; Arkan-
sas,, 272,21; California, 1924; Florida,
10. AS; Georgia, i1OS,S52; Louisiana, 14S. 23l
Mississippi. 402,92S: Missouri, A. 440 North
Carolina, S54, l32: South Carolina, SS5. 954;
Tennessee, So,554; Texas, 973,995; Vir-
ginia, 1855; Oklahoma, 265,95l. All other
states, 941.
Ginnings for sea island in the follow.
ing state were; Florida, 1103; Georgia
$50; South Carolina, 33S.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26

the pleasures Of its making. Patchwork.
the art of piecing together fabrics of va
Fious kinds of colors or laying patches
Of one kind upon another. is a develop
ment of the primitive desire for adorn-
ment, and quilting was born out Of a
need OF protection against cold.
Having let my imagination rove through
the Old Testament times, peeked into
Pehin and Chinese royalty at work in
humble household occupation, voyaged UP
the Nile past the silent Sphinx and in-
vaded the great pyramids, walked through
the huts and castles OF the Middle Ages.
watched the cabine of Colonial days, L
now take a seat by my own Preside and
while 1 read the good wife silently but
swiftly plies her needle as the bits OK
muticolored cloth shape themselves into
squares, for 1 am proud that I live in
home where the making of quilts is not
a neglected art
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26

those who are getting a bit wearied Of
the whole subject of quilting.
But back to my poet who is to sing
the song of the quilt. You needn't smile,
for its story is replete with incidents of
love and daring, of sordid sAldshness and
generaus sacrifices. II has figured in
many a thrilling episode One who has
caught its poetry says: The same type
of handiwork that has sheltered the sim
Pile peasant from wintry blasts has
adorned the great halls of doughty war;
riors and noble kings"
1t is easy with her to see humble
maids, austere nuns, grand danes and
stately queens, sharing with one another
the simple fascination OF the quilter $
art Cottage convent and castle; all
have been enriched, at one time or an
other, by the splendors of patchwork and
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
QUILT MAKING
Continued from page Four

den of Eden within its boundaries; the
Chinese. who always come forward as
the precursors of all inventions. claim
ing the honor for Lady of Ling, the wife
of a famous emperor, and stating the
time as $50 b. c. I do not know if the
Chinese are quail hunters. but if they are,
1 would hate to hunt with them fer when
it comes to claiming they can beat the
world.
The old Egyptians themselves are some
early BIRDS when the question of an
tiquity is up for according to their ira
ditions, they sprung from the soil. and
we know they look down upon the Greeks
because they got on the scene long after
, the raising of the curtain. 1t must be ad-
mitted. however. that in the first dawn
of human progress, while his nomadic
| neghbors roamed carefree about him,
| that the Egyptian tniled steadily. and
left the record of his achievements be-
! side his God, the Nile. With mine own
eyes have seen the mummy wrappings
| WINCH a1NCi lHodSfhibS VI years pSbf WIZ
| ness to the development of the, textile
and decorative arts in Egypt
But 1 am getting out of my depth. for
I am no genuine antiquarian. and am
merely pilfering from real Psychologists
l admit that am on a cold trail in trying
to locate the origin of the quilt, and sc
| to use a word thai we all know when
the winter winds blow, 1 am going to
hunt ''kivver" by giving up the quest,
and I know this will, be a comfort TO
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
HOUSE SUBCOMMITTEE
WILL VISIT MCCLELLAN

Washington, October 25.-(Special.)-
The Subcommittee of the House commit
tee on military affairs named to visit,
inspect and study conditions surround
ing the various military camps of the
country agreed today to visit Camp Nc
Clellan, Admission. The date of the visit
has not been named and may be de-
ferred until after the recess of the
House, anticipated as an event of No
Vember TO-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
DONALD MCDONALD
RAINEY'S SECRETARY

Washington, October 25.-(Special)-
Donald Mcdonald of the Gadsden Eve
ring Journal reached Washington to-
day for the purpose of assuming the
duties of private secretary to Represen-
tative Rainey of the Seventh Alabama
district.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
Palmer and McAdoo Loom
Large Among Democrats
San Francisco Cleveland Will Get Democratic Conven
ton, While Republicans Will Probably Go to
Minneapolis-Roper Has Bunch of
Good Jobs to Distribute
BY HUGH w. ROBERTS

position, especial stress having been
laid on character and experience.
NO man was appointed a supervisor
for the fourteenth census" said Mr.
Rogers, until every possible guar
antee was given as to his ability AMI
honesty. Character was at all times
the leading and predominating consid
GRAFTON with the census bureau In
every appointment made"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
DENT UNABLE TO
SPEAK IN ERIE

Washington, October 25.-(Special)-
In need of democrats from southern
states to sustain the week of honor for
ex-President Roosevelt, those in charge
of the nation wide celebration invited
today Representatives Dent of Alabama
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26

to be principal speaker at Erie Wednes-
day. On account of illness Mr.. Dent
was forced to decline. Mr. Dent in de-
clining wired expression of his apprecia-
ton of Mr.. Roosevelt as a man.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1919-10-26
General Strike Reported

Laredo, Texas, October %. -Informa-
ton reaching here today said a general
strike in the Orizaba district of the Mex
lean state of Vera Cruz has palalyzed
industry.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-08
JERSEY CITY REVOkES
IS CAR FRANCHISES
Right to Charge Seuen Cent
Fare at issue.

Tn" city Comm ssion Of Jersey CITY
adopted an ordinance Yesterday rcvok-
iEg the street railway franchises granted
by the municipality to the Pablo Ser
vicc Corporation and its subsidiary
companies. No one appeared 10 oppose
or advocate the mo sure. There are
fifteen of The resr.nded franchises. the
FIRST hnyin. been granted to the jersey
city and Bor- Ell Street Railway Com
pany in 1859. The measure passed yes
terdly was introduced early IN DeCem-
Der and now becomes oper tive.
The revocation Of the t"anchisps was
made upon the ground that they wcr.
granted originally upon condition that
not more than cents should he charged
for II cor 'lnuous rid" since last Onlo-
ucr the fare has been : cents on Public
Service Corpor 4tlon cars, with an extra
penny for transfer The New Jcrsey
supreme Court has upheld the authority
of the Public rt!liiy Commission to
sanction the raise and the case il now
pending in the Court Of Errors and Ap-
peals.
The Jersey city Law Department will
serve notice on the Public Service
corporation TINT its franchises have
been revoked and 1t Is expected that an
appeal will he taken in ccrtiorari pro-
ccedin@s. In the meantime the trolley
cars Will run as usual and cent fares
will continue TO be collected.