davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23

viewpoint. Flying has siezed upon
popular imagination. There have been
many remarkable performances dur
ing the war in speed, maneuverability.
climbing power. These features tend
10 occupy the public mind. together
with expectations as to cheapness and
wide use of aircraft. But the factor
Of safety in aircraft is today the thing
which designers should keep in mind,
he maintains, and it is here that the
automobile engineers viewpoint be-
comes valuable. The automobile in
dustry has been through all the ex-
citing phases OF speed. survived all
the handicaps of wild claims. I'm
reasonable public expectations and
flimsy construction. Speed has been
reduced to exact standards. and auto
mobile performances are officially
controlled and conducted by standards.
AS the aircraft industry develops, this
same control will be necessary Ofh-
cial standards and records must re-
place loose claims. The factor OF
safety must dominate every other.
Safety in an aircraft engine is a
ture. Design includes such features
as the placing OF the carburetor un-
derneath the crank case, as in this
particular line of engines. 80 that
weight is reduced by improvements in
fuel feed and heating Design also In
cludes such factors of safety as ready
accessibility OF all vital parts. max
ing possible frequent inspection and
adjustment. Good design in the en-
CINE viii not accomplish it's purpose
unless materials of the highest quality
are used with close adaptation to
purpose. and rigid inspection OF every
part turned out.
In the airplane itself. strength and
reliability also mean safety. Tho plane
IN which this new engine In exhibited
will make approximately 100 miles an
hour with two persons and 100 pounds
OF baggage. landing in comparatively
small fields at speed as low as the
usual training machine. This Ia made
possible by it's clean cut design and
com naratively light weight. II weighs
SEQ pounds empty. or 2.2ST pounds
VITA gasoline, oil water. tools. pilot.
passenger and baggage. The power
liant weighs 5S5 pounds with self
starter battery and cooling water. The
fuel consumption is fifty TO fifty-four
pounds per horsepower hour. with a
fuei range or from two and cne-haif
hours near sea level to four hours at
an altitude OF $1,000 feet.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23
PACKARD AIRPlAEE
IS SAFE FROM FIRE

Through novs' changes ia engt9}
fesfcn the PaCl Atrplane "Xhihiled
II the New Yoss .ireraft show eliFnl~
bates all danger ST fire. This plane
! as furthermore been designed 10 give
3peed around zoo miles an hour, a
Reiling Of nearly $4,000 feet. light
sappy action fl nsanoeuvering. and
hiding ability at slow speed which
makes IL available for fast cross
|rountry trips ana alIghting in small
Unknown fields
This plane Is interesting. further
bore ar an embodiment Of automobile
Experience in aircraft engine design,
nd lis regarded as q ''feeler' for the
developing aircraft demand. At the
l nd of III, show the automobile COM
kany. gauging demand, Will be able TO
announce whether its factory viii
ftool Mp for production OF the engine
Ia from one To three sizes. fer demand
.naterializinE from airplane makers
no desire TO purchase power plants
atfer than make them themselves,
! nd also whether the company will
Sut complete airplanes upon the mar
ct
The engine was designed by Lieu
Colusseis Lesgse G, Einnents after
having the Government Aircraft serN-
re-, while ne still was in the atnos-
there of war flying. and II makes the
tmost use OF lessons learned during
ne war.
The carburetor is placed on the bot
am OF the crank ease. This gives
roper gravity feed and eliminates
he complication OF weight and pres
ire where feed pump is necessary.
he earhuretor air intake protrudes
through the lower part Of the fuselage,
"a that 1t is absolutely Impossible
through back fire to set this plane
!, fire under any condition. All back
re IL entirely outside the plane.
Accessibility has been kent In mind
HI through the design. An automo-
HE engine is accessible from the top
nd sides. whereas aircraft engines
he accessible from the sides and DOT
am. The carburetor Is not only ac-
ksssible from the bottom. but through
y original arrangement OF me ar
,take messages which are led up
through the oil in the crank case. no
uxtliary heating system is needed
~ carburetion. OIL In tho crank case
{,rnlies heat for this purpose. and the
~ also aids in cooling the oil. ~
- sides It is easy to reach water
nnop or puFlpy OIL pump screen
uMp, ,,a, ,,a and ignition distri
low-on an ,hasn units can b.
ute, ,brouch onenings r.
Aensn r,~a coyl;nr
aa eHs" ~, .ar there we're steaf
DuIihs - "a rarfact an oircra
IoI,s ,oaI, Witch could NOT b,
asoii.o -. ..,,r arc The principle
iulha - x,+as tbat or 4 runber1zeGF
~. o,.ar tic. mpYork, to.
tnk .,,,th The paseljne system ar
- thai pressure inside the
..,s unnecessary 1t is not pos
~, ~ ~ make a device of his kind
ois 70 ., ,aa ~, ,s;nd ~ nressure gaso-
orK WI co. AZ m nressure l. re-
n ne. dss With the new packard avia
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23

propriated SIS, 900, 600 to aid in the
construction of post roads during 81
five year period ending June SO. 1921.
and $4,000, eco to aid in forest road
building during ten-year period end
ing June 80. 1926. Not over $1,000
600 Of the original sS5,00o.c00 had
been expended prior to 1919 SO that
$50 100000 plus s209. 900, 600, or a. to-
tai of $291, 900, 900 of federal funds,
viii be available, of which s2S7,00o.-
600 Will be available during the next
three years. The act and its amend
ment require the states to provide at
least an equal amount on the post
road work, and it is customary for the
states and Localities to contribute to-
ward the forest road work
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23

last year saw some drought in sec
tons of his territory. the rainfall dur
ing the present winter has been so
generous that there is not the slightest
doubt of an enormous business in the
automotive fields for 1919 Good
roads are being built now, have been
built and will continue TO be built in
ever increasing numbers, especially In
Texas.
The farmers and the business men
look upon the future as very bright
and the high prices being received for
crops in encouraging. while the oil
fields arc increasing steadily and
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23
FULTON COMPANY LOOKS
FOR A BANNER YEAR

Albert l. Jones, for twenty years
with the White company. Is in charge
of the assem- bling branch of the Full
ton Motor Truck company, which is
located at San Antonio, Texas. Mr..
Jones optimism regarding the future
of the motor truck in Texas, New
Mexico and Arizona is catching.
He says that while it is true that the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-03-23

providing a market for trucks and
passenger cars. J bringing out %
the locomotor. an addition to the Full
ton family, created the utmost interest
in Texas. Mr.. Jones says.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
TO SPEAK
Washburn College Celebrates
54th Birthday Tomorrow.
Big Banquet With Military
Features on Program.

The an ual celebration of Wash
burn day will be observed tomorrow
at the college with all the usual Gus
toms and ceremonies. A program will
be given at 1918 O'clock in the MORN
ing and another at $50 o'clock in the
evening. Henry J. Allen will be the
speaker of the day, and there will be a
concert by the Washburn Glee club.
Washburn is now in its fifty-fourth
year, the charter having BEEN granted
February 6, 1865. All students, for
mer students and alumni are to share
in the celebration. A banquet will be
served in the S. A. T. c. barracks in
the evening, with army songs between
courses. =
Capt Luther Tillotson and Lieut..
Howard Earl will tell of their ex-
periences at the front and Ensign
Herbert Guild and Yeoman John Ma
haffey will conclude the program with
similar talks.
There will also be an operetta and
selections by the Mems Glee club.
Governor Aliens address will be de-
livered at the morning program.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

farmer that the soil of New England
may be rocky. and the winter cold,
but here, at least, is a region W. ere
a farmer is appreciated for what he
is worth and treated accordingly.
One child of the Hampden County
league, which promises to outSrow its
parent organization, is the Eastern
States Agricultural league. This is an
orga nization embracing the nine
northeastern states, with special at
tentiou to the six New England states,
and having for its purpose to organize
a county league on the Hampden plan
in every county in the northeast sec
ton. This larger plan originated at
the time the national dairy show was
held here at Springfield. when influ-
entail men all over New England be-
came interested in the work of the
league. About fifty of these New Eng
land leaders have given their names,
their influence and some of their
money to this new creed of Save the
farmer because we>need him" With
the great men of New England bust
ness behind it, this movement cannot
fail to move. Already there is an
active campaign afoot to make every
manufacturer tax himself for the sup
port of the league at the rate of "a
cents on every thousand dollars that
goes thru his payroll. 1t seems GER
tain that all New England will soon
be Hampdenized.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
WHAT is A HIGH WAGE?

In a discussion of the wage question
the Iron Trade Review points out that
steel erection costs in New York are
lower now than they were ten years
ago, altho actual wages have doubled
in that time. This. it says, is because
the men are now producing more per
dollar of wages than they did ten years
ago.
Much discussion relative to the con-
tinuance of present high wages seems
to lack full appreciation of what con-
stitutes high wage. To the worker
who has a certain number of hours
per day or week to sell, the rate per
hour or day is the important point, as
giving fsfn a definite number of dol
lars for his necessities or luxuries. To
the employer the actual number of
dollars paid per week to the worker
is not a matter of concern. What
really counts with him is the quantity
of output by the worker over which
his wage is to be spread.
Thus So per day to a man produc-
ing five completed articles in a day is
a high wage compared with the same
sum paid another man who can pro-
duce ten of the same articles in a day
To the workers, the wage is the same
To the employer, the second man costs
only half as much, since the wage, fig.
ured as a cost factor, is only half a:
great on each article.
This view of the situation furnishe.
the, key to the question of maintaining
present wage levels. If limitation O.
output is to prevail, employers capno
afford to continue present rates 4
prices for completed work go lower
But if the worker will produce NOR,
and thus spread his wage, which i
cost to the employer, over a large
output, the employer can continue tn
present rate without loss always pro
viding that market value of the prod
uct do not fall.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
SNAP SHOTS
AT HOME NEWS

The death of their mother. Mrs My
Sessions. called Charles II. Sessions anu
Perry Sessions, of Topeka. TO Wooas,och.
Ohio Tuesday morning. Mrs. sessions Is
The funeral viii be held Thursday.
Nina Taupyhili 200 East Sixth street.
fileI suit in the office of the district court
today against Harry Tannyhili; asking I1r
separate maintenance She ASKS tna. Tue
court order her husband to pay ner Ply
week on the ground that he has neglected.
TO provide for her.
According to plans now practically Co.,
pleted the Topeka Traffic association, me
Topeka Credit Clearing. House and me
be moved to the Chamber OF commerce LOT
consolidation. Rooms will be provided py
moving the billiard room downstairs OF Dy
securing the third floor OF the present
building.
Ed Kobbins. local electrician and for
mer proprietor of the Robbins Electric
shop is ON trial before a jury today IN tIe
second division of the district court
Evidence WAS introduced by the state tc
show that he brought several cases OF
whisky to Topeka from Kansas City several
months ago, IN company with Frank Mur-
ray and Harold Burns, of Kansas City
I Asserting that the Merchants association
should get behind the movement to employ
convention secretary to assist a l..
oiiger. general secretary, the directors OF
the Topeka Chamber of Commerce Tuesday
afternoon refused to give their consent to
the proposed plan to have the c. of &. take
action. As the benefits of these conventions
affect the members of the Merchants as
should back it up. Oliger's plan called for
the employment of a man to divide his time
between convention work and the search
for new members for the G. of G. 1t would
call for expenditure of 500 per month.
Plans are now being worked out for the
| two organizations to share the expense.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
FOR ALL READERS OF
TIE TOPEKA STATE JOURNAL.

: Each reader of The State Journal is Of
sfered the unlimited USE of the largest in
FORMATION bureau In the world.
: This Service Bureau is located in the ma
tioual capital, where it is in immediate
touch with all tue great resources of the
United States government.
z IL san answer practically any question
-yOu want to ask. butt cannot give ad-
vice nor make exhaustive research
The war forced so many changes in
the daily life of the American people that
the services of This Information bureau Will
he Invaluable TO all who use 1t.
Keep II touch with your government
ct eli times. IL eau help yOu in Il thou
ssund ways If your wants are only made
known.
= The State journal pays for this splendid
seerVice III order that every one of its read
GERS may take free advantage of II. You are
sswelcome to use II az often you like.
Write your request briefly,> sigu your
maine and address plainly, enclose u 3-cent
stamp for return postage ana address the
: TupEkA-STATE JOURNAL INFORMA-
PTION BUREAU.
Frederic j. IIaskins, Director, washing
ton. ID. e.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

A high tribute to the fairness Of
American business was paid by W. B.
Colver, chairman of the federal trade
commission, recently in an address
delivered in Washington. Because
American business is fair. said Mr..
Colver, this nation may expect to pros
per during reconstruction when the
world is looking for markets where it
can get square deal. Since 1914
when the federal trade commission
was organized, Mr.. Colver explained,
but 916 complaints have been received
of unfair practices. Not all of the
concerns cited were guilty. Com
plants not yet settled total las. For
NAL charges have been issued in but
165 cases, of which 125 have beer
disposed of. During the life of the
commission but lis firms have beer
ordered to refrain from unfair prac.
tees. In 10 of these cases the firm.
admitted their unfairness. Five have
gone to the federal courts.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
SENATORS in NIX
Lewis Condemns. Maurice Views
on League Nations.
Borab, However, Says Britisher
Has 1t Right.

Washington, Feb. General Fred
erick Maurice's views on the league of
nations, as given in an interview with
the United Press. were criticised to-
day by Senator Lewis, strong advocate
of the league and commented on fav-
orably by Senator Borah, who opposes
it.
Lewis, who processes to have a clear
understanding of Resident Wilson's
ideas regarding the league. declared
Maurice is wrong in his Interpretation
of what the United States must take
upon itself.
Maurice says the United States
must be the financial hacker of the
league, but he is mistaken" said
Lewis. 1.-The United States will not,
under any circumstances. become
money lender to the world in general
and in cases where the need is well es-
tablished, TIL United States probably
will use Its financial resources to help
other nations. But the American peO-
e should understand that in pledginG
this natio-, to the support OF the
league, President Wilson did not bind
them to assume the money burdens OF
every needy nation.
Not u u. S. Military.
president Wilson will never con-
sent to the use of American nnilitar,
power, Pc manently or to any grea
degree, to make the league fact.
THE big navy which Maurice say
is essential to arm the league for ex
erting economic pressure may be uset
for that purpose if at any time cir
cumstances should arise which woult
make it necessary. Should the leagu
of nations find it necessary to coeI G.
any nation by cutting off its import
for time a navy would be the mean
used. But before such step can b.
taken, it must be approved by tn
united public sentiment of the PEG
pies forming the League. Our navy i
for ourselves primarily"
Borah. who opposes the league be
cause, he declares, it means the grad
| ual eradication of national spirit. sal,
of General Maurice's statement:
This is a candid and most intefli
gent statement of very whole man
America is to underwrfte Etrop,
financially and to police the Who'll,
world by our military forces. Thes
| are the obligations which a league o
| naNions will impose. The hundre,
millions we voted for food is the be
| ginning and our boys in Russia ar
but pioneers in policing the world"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

Now that the war is o-er-and this
country is expected to put forth a
tremendous effort in the direction of
acquiring a large share of the world S
commerce, the subject of foreign Ian
guage in the schools is likely to take
on fresh interest. Attention is called
to future requirements along this line
in a bulletin issued by the American
Exchange National bank. which says:
ANY young man of fair intelligence
can acquire a working knowledge of
any importane European n tongue in six
months. He should be taught by the
conversational method until he knows
two or three hundred words and
idioms in common use. Then he can
make known his wants and find his
way. With that as a foundation. he
should read books printed in the lam
guage be is studying and force himself
to think in it instead of translating ev-
cry word he reads into English before
his mind grasps its meaning. AS soon
as he begins to think in the foreign
tongue. he has rounded the turn and
zthe rest is easy Grammar and
rhetoric can then be studied with un-
sderstanding Fhis is a reversal of the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

A bill which permits cities of the
second and third classes to enact or
7dinances designed to compel citizens
to remove snow from the sidewalks is
pending in the legislature. Unless
cities in these classes succeed better
with such ordinances than do cities of
the first class, passage of the new law
will be waste of time. Topeka has
an ordinance which tequires that citi-
szens remove the snow from in front
of their homes but few pay any atten-
-tion to it. Every winter, by means of
threats, the police induce a few per-
sons to obey the law while others obey
8 it from motives of civic loyalty and
pride. But~the few attempts to en-
force it by legal process usually have
failed 1t is realized by the public
generally that the sidewalks are the
property of the city just as are the
streets and that it is the duty of the
city to care for them. II the property
owner would discover who owns the
ground in front of his yard fence, let
him place an obstruction on the walk
or cut down a tree in the parking
{ Strict justice demands that the city
2 should care for its own property.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
HE'S THINKING 1T OVER
St. Marys Man Who Refused TO Tell
who Sold Him Whisky Jailed.

James Fitzpatrick, of st. Marys. was
placed in the county Jail this morning
to decide whether or not he would tell
county authorities where he bought
whisky. Fitzpatrick was subpoenaed
to testify at the trial of Logan Justice,
negro, charged with selling liquor and
came to the court house this morning
for that purpose. But someone
smelled whisky on his breath and he
was taken into the office of Hugh
Fisher, county attorney. where he was
put thru sweating" But he de-
clined to tell where he had bought the
whisky and was placed in Jail.
Several months ago. it is said, Fitz-
patrick appeared at the police station
and complained that Logan Justice
had stolen his watch. He also stated,
as a matter of course. that Justice
had sold him whisky and the negro
was promptly arrested, but plead
guilty today without going to trial.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

Senator Hale declares that he does
not believe the average American sol
Sifer went into the fight to make the
world safe for democracy. And the
senator may be right. The men who
served from other motives than those
OF loyalty to Uncle Sam may have been
moved to do so by the sinking of the
Lusitania. Probably a large number
of the men in our army took little
thought of what they were fighting for
except that they wanted to lick the
Huns because the Hunszdeserved a
licking and were glad to go when their
country called. Many men who
served in the Civil war were heard to
say afterwards that if they had known
they were fighting to free the negroes
they would have stayed at home.
Fighting to make the world free for
democracy was a good rallying cry but
it was not the real cause of our entry
into the war. If it were we should
,have gone in at the beginning. The
fact is it became necessary to whip
Germany while we could have help, or
undertake it later possibly alone
What we really did was to make the
world safe for America and we made a
good job of it.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
FOR A GENERAL STRIKE
95 Per Cent of Union Labor i'm Seattle
Threatens TO Walk Out.

Seattle, Feb, 5.-Unless concessions
are granted 10000 striking ship work
ers in the Seattle district before 10
a. NJ, tomorrow, 95 per cent of Seat
ties union labor will cease work at
that hour in a general sympathetic
strike, labor leaders emphatically de-
c1ared today.
morrow morning, Mayor Ole Hanson
will attempt to operate public utilities
with substitutes. He Seclared today
the city will continue to operate light
and water plants and care for SANTA
ton
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05

methods of our schools. and many
teachers will decry it: but it is the way
In which every baby learnsta talk. and
so it is natural. AS our schools have
failed in teaching foreign languages
any way. and we have no time to
waste, let us try natures method.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1919-02-05
Is YEARS AGO In TOPEKA
From the columns OF
THE TOPEKA STATE JOURNAL

feDruAfy D, loS3
Aw DANA will read paper on Profit
Sharing as Means of Solving the Labor
Problem before the next meeting of the
Unity club. +. III. Foster will talk on
Communism" and L. A. Stebbins will re1d
a paper on Socialism. as a Means of Solv-
ing the Labor Problem The Unity club
will meet Friday night.
Mayor Harrison has appointed the direc-
tors of the free library: Edward Wilder
and Geo. d. Hale are appointed to succeed
themselves and Eugene F. We're is appoint
ed TO succeed the late =. Dwight Thacher.
and J sB. Davis is to succeed Senator John
Martin.
The eleocution recital at Bethany brought
out crowd and many were obliged to go
away.
Music was furnished by Misses Low.
Curtis. Bennett. Teft and Jilson. and there
were reeitations by Misses Bertha Wagerien.
Emma Sheppard, Myrtle Davis. Jessie
Bartlett. Annie Crandel1. Helen Met 'luie.
Clara Trout. Louise Burnham and Mrs.
Hettie f. Riley Little Annie CrandeIl re-
cited THE Runaway hrincess," and re-
sponded to an encore
The Ladies' Aid society of the Second
resbyterian church will give a pancake
social at the home of Mrs Thomas PAGE
in North Monroe street. tomorrow eve. ing.
New York Cotton Market
New York. Feb 5.-cOTTON-Spot
quiet; middling, 27-20.