davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Territorial Questions
Should BE Considered
First, Says "Temps''
By hampton Hunt
Nclc York Tribune
Special Cable Scr1ice

Special Cable Scraice
Copyright, 1919. New York Tribune Inc)
PARIS, Jan. 23.-The Paris press
continues to show irritation over the
apparent intention of the peace con-
ference to deal first with the Russian
and league of nations problems, rather
than territorial adjustments which. ac-
cordlng to large body of public
opinion here, ought to be given
precedence
The Temps suggests that the pco-
pie do not understand what the peace
congress is doing because it has not
commenced at the beginning.
HE who wishes to build a house"
1T says, first selects a piece of ground
Those who would construct a peace
should first mark out its ground plan.
No matter whether chat peace is to be
guaranteed by international institu-
tlons or not the starting point is the
same.
Before organizing a league of ma
tons we must arrange how each nation
shall be organized The resources of
nation. whatever its needs, it's friend
ships or its enmites, all depend on the
place that nation has in the sun. For
tins reason territoriar questions cannot
be djourned.
Russian Problem to Fore.
ut is useless to lose sight Of them
for two or three weeks. Sooner or later
they will reappear under some disguise
or other, and will be none the easier
to settle.
"floW are the territories of the for
mer Russian empire to be distributed :?
Inc great powers so far have carefully
avoided discussing the question, but is
this not the very question which COM
picates all discussions relative to Boil
shevism? If unified Russia re-
cmerges. what rights will she claim in
the Baltic, the Black Sea, in the East
and the Far East? II she doesn't re-
emerge what will be the fate of the
Transsiberian Railway, Of Baku. Sebas-
topol and Rcva?
"Russan affairs would be compara-
lively simple if they only set Russians
by the ears. 1t may be claimed that
the Russian territorial question is not
yet ripe for settlement, but such ques-
tons are elsewhere, and to settle them
there must be q comprehensive plan.
Wants Problems Settled
~ he messages and speeches of Presi-
dent Wilson have provided excellent
principles, which all the bclligercnts
have adopted, but if the congress is
gong 10 reduce its work to order, these
principles must be classified into chap
ters, in the same way as the compilers
of the Roman law classified dicta of
the great jurists.
"The first of these chapters neces-
sarly must deal with territorial ques-
tons. The general rules SO far formu-
lated have been rather negative such
as that which postulates that nations
must not be played with like pawns on
chessboard. What is required now is
q body Of doctrine that shall be uni
vcrsal and positive'
The Temps" thus, in effect, advises
the peace conference TO come down out
OF the clouds of vague generalities and
centre upon definite principles.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Must Keep Hungary
Intact to Guarantee
Peace, Says Karolyi

BUDAPEST, Jan. 22-Count karolyi.
President of Hungary, declared to-day
that the maintenance Of the territorial
integrity of Hungary is essential to d
European peace.
France and England,' the count
SAID, fought to prevent the realiza-
ton of Mtteleuropa, but if they con-
since the armstice they are going tow
ard the reconstruction of this Mittel-
europa"
Count karolyi declared it was mis-
take to take territory from Hungary as
it was before the war and give it to
new states, "for we can perfectly we'll
give these peoples, whom 1T is sought to
detach from us, autonomy which will
make them clinical entities similar to
the Swiss cantons." He continued:
"by cutting up Hungary the Allies
Will not only wipe out people with a
glorious past, who will not fcrget. but
VII break down the Hungarian eco
nomlc system. Pennsylvania. Banat
and Slovakia are economically Hun
garlan territories and not Rumanian.
Serbian or Bohemian. Look at all the
rivers which flowed toward and ioin the
same collector, the Danube, which is
the hub of the Balkans. All that
1orms an economic territory, perhaps
mere mere so than any similar regions in
Il am not opposing the geographical
conception of nationalties to tho
clinical one. On the contrary, wish
to concliatc them and wish to give all
peoples inhabiting the Hungarian eco
nomlc territory clinical autonomy and
iuii liberties, as possessed by tho Swiss
cantons."
me Hungarian loader said he could
hot nave any foreign policy because
powers, but should much like to sea
the formation Of Danubian fedora
ton.
rection before publication
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

questions which will be laid before
the peace conference 1t is as follows:
"First Switzerland expects to be ad-
mltted with other states to the peace
negotiations as far as they will deal
with hey own special interests or with
problems Of general Importance.
"Exclusion from deliberations on
problems OF the league Of nations would
be considered by the Swiss people as
inconsistent with the principles Of
democracy. Neutral states, not having
been called upon to make as heavy sac
rltices as belligerents, have, neverthe-
less. suffered severely in consequence
of the war. All have been able, espe-
cially in the case of Switzerland. to
render considerable service to hu-
manity.
FavOrs World League.
"Second witzcrland highly approves
Of the creation of league OF nations
Tor preserving peace, and expects from
1t a complete reform of international
relations. Consequently, the mainte-
nance of peace should not really depend
upon the observation of a procedure
of inquiry previous to a declaration
OF war, but must be founded upon a
general interdiction to parties in con-
filct not to resort to arms.
"lnternatlonal conflicts must, as far
as their character allows, be solved
either by arbitration tribunals formed
by tho free consent OF the parties, or
else by permanent international court
offering every guarantee OF political
independence. All other international
disputes must be submitted to pro-
cedure of mediation through which
lasting settlements on the basis of
Upholds It's Neutrality.
Third Switzerland recognizes the
necessity for action which may ulti-
matcly consist of military pressure
within the system Of the league Of
nations. Nevertheless. Switzerland is
determined not to abandon her neu-
trality, which is laid down in the Swiss
constitution and based on the tradition
of 400 years of peaceful policies
This neutrality is necessary for
Switzerland, considering the compost
ton of her population, as we'll as on ac-
count Of her being in a particularly
exposed strategical position In case
armed conflict should. after all, occur
under the reign of the league of ma
tions, the existence Of the several per-
mancntly neutral and involable states
would be great benefit also for the
league itself. The institution of the
Red Cross must be based on the exist
ence of such neutral territory if it is
1 to be able to entirely fulfil its task.
Want Freedom of Trade.
Fourth Freedom of production and
commerce is of vital importance for
Switzerland. The Swiss people hope
peace will re-establish the principle of
commercial Freedom AS far as limita-
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
President Wilson VIII
Meet SViss Executive
At 1880 This Erening

PARIS, Wednesday, Jan. 90. The
president5 OF the United States and
Switzerland win meet tomorrow even.
ing at 1890 o'clock.
viii Meet Prcmiers.
President Ador, who arrived her.
from berne to-day, viii before he meets
rresldnnt wilson confer with presi.
hent Folncare, Premier Clcmcnccau
ahn possipiy Premier Lloyd George.
ne comes 10 Paris bearing an official
statement Of the views Of the Swiss
government on pending international
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
of
Anterye entiOn
Aid BoIsheviki
Continued from page /

1919 budget forecasts deficit of As
100000 rubles TO meet which there
viii be further issues of paper. all
without substantial backing
Upon their accession to power the
Bolsheviki found a gold reserve of
about 5000, 100000 rubles in the state
bank, but this was rapidly absorbed 1
by the payments to Germany last au-
tumn. The value of Bolshcvist paper
money has been largely sustained by
speculation, but it is significant that
the government recently proposed to
pay laborers in kind rather than coin.
1T is clear that the financial policy Of
the Lenine government can lead only
to catastrophe consequences.
The Russian situation is further
complicated by the existence of nu-
merous' anti-Bolshevik governments,
none of which, however is of sufficient
strength or Importance to be recog-
nlzcd by the associated powers as
truly representative or entitled to a
seat at the conference. Political. as
we'll as economic, chaos prevails.
These governments are geographical
~ segregated and without military CO.
hesion.
Many Factions TO Meet
They be enumerated briefly as fol-
lows:
The Siberian Provisional Govern
ment under Admiral Kolchak, the
huban government in Southeastern
Russia under General Denekine. the
Ukraine under Petlura and the radi-
cal Socialist separatists, the coalition
antl-bolshevik government in Estho
ma, the republic of Latvia in Cour
land and Livonia, and the north Rus
sian government in Archangel under
Tchaikowski, who is a social revolu-
ZIONIST
The military activities of these va
rlous governments are considerable
but lacking cohesion they have met
with but comparatively little success
At Archangel and Murman an Allied
force of about 25,000 American. Brit
lsh and French troops is occupyine.
the surrounding country. Despite re-
peated efforts, it has not been able +o
JOIN hands with 10000 Czech and ST.
oerlan troops. which extend in line
south from Perm to Ufa. and who are
opposing Bolshevik armies of abou+
iI|ooo men along the middle Volga.
Russian ENJOYS Arrive
The government Al Omsk, under
holchak, claims to have 100000 troops
and the Kuban government 100, 900
On the Caspian Sea the small British
force has returned to Baku, and the
anti-Bolshevik Cossacks are reported
to have occupied ports on the north
ern shore.
After the signing of the ar,.,;~.i,o
British and French divisions were
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24


changed as result of possible new
lnternational sea policy, it is expected
that Latin American nations as a
whole viii make representations asking
for modification of what is said to be
regarded as a limitation of their rights
of severe ignty by the United States
Investigation by the LEAGUE Of ma
tions of Colombia's alleged assistance
to the German navy, by permitting the
probable.
Many diplomats believe boundary
disputes, especially those in remote
sections of Latin America, are largely
due to the lack os accurate surveys
and the dcarth of scientifically col
lected historical data. They are con-
iident that, by assisting in the prep
aratlon OF this data, the league can
Gus differences
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Ne,u Zealand Premier
Protests TO Var Council

LONDON, Jan. Premier Massey
of New Zealand IN an interview o-day
said that Premier Lloyd George had
quite frankly told him that the alloca-
tion Of only one delegate to New Zea-
land was not the British governments
doing, but was the work of the peace
congress as whole.
Mr.. Massey said he fully recognized
that the British government sympa-
thized with his grievance. He intends
bringing the matter before the I'M
perial War Cabinet at the first oppor-
tunity.
Mr. Massey said that if the other do
minions demanded separate representa-
ton in the league of nations he should
lodge like claim for New Zealand
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Prince LroD Opposes
Recognition Of ''Reds

pARIS, Jan. 23.-Prince Lvoff,
l. former Russian Premier. in
statement to-day strongly depre-
Gated the decision Of the Supreme
Council Of the peace conference
regarding Russia.
eve never thought" said Prince
Lvotf, "that the conference would
commence its peace work by re-
newing relations with our tyrants.
The Bolshevil1i have won their
greatest victory in Paris. The de-
cision of the council not only is of
danger to us, but the whole world.
1t gives new impulse to anarchy"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
kyamii Pacha Arrested

PARIS Jan. 2S.-General Kyamil
Malmoud Pacha, who is said to have
beer responsible for massacres of
Greeks and Armenians, has been ar
rested. according to a report received
here from Constantinople.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Spot Has War Interest

PARIS, Jan. 22.-It was recalled here.
when announcement was made that
Entente representatives would meet
delegates from Russian factions on
Princes Islands. in the Sea of Mar
mora, that Major General Charles V
f. Townshend, of the British army.
was interned there by Turkey after
he surrendered at Kut-e -Amara. The
ISLANDS are sum" IS for many
people OF Constantlnople. ssi
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
Is Reasons
Why First Mortgages Guaranteed
by This Company Are the Best
Investment for Prudent People.

Why First Mortgages Guaranteed
by This Company Are the Bes,
Investment for Prudent PeopIe.
Trustees have had manv
unpleasant experiences durind
the last few years, both with
high class bonds and with
uneuaranteed MORTGAGES. The
better the quality OF the bonds.
often the sreater the ceprecia.
ton in price. With the fallina
Off in real estate values the
unsuaranteed mortaaaes
uently have had to he
foreclosed and the investor has
become the owner OF the real
estate.
Not SO the $4,000 trustees.
individuals and corporafe
lenders who have held the
guaranteed MORTGAGES OF this
Company. Not one of them
has had to m ark down his
principal or had to wait for his
interest or has had to buy in the
reas estate at foreclosure sale
We believe that for a Ions
time to come, and until New
York real estate in seneral
takes on very different ASPECT
prudent people will decline to
take unsuaranteed mortsases
or to risk buying even hieh
class bonds, but will make such
a demand for guaranteed
MORTGAGES that we cannot
supply their wants.
This cans more money
brought into the real estate
market and better times, we
believe, for the real estate
owner.
No inrestor has erer lost dollar
BoND E MoRreAoE
GUARANTEE @.
Capital and Surplus, SlO,ooO,OOo
rs Broadway. New York
ITS Remsen ST., 1856 Montague ST., B'kIm
$50 Fulton ST., Jamaica
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

quent sessions at Paris. Delegates of
all thea sSociated governments haze
expressed the opinion that secure
peace can hardly be considered to
have been made while Russia remains
on fire. The representatives OF the
various Russian governments now in
Paris met to-day with sergus Saxon
off, the former Russian Minister of
Foreign Affairs. and now Foreign Min
lister of the Omsk government, to dis
cuss the decision of the supreme
council
Urges Russian Support
The Russian representatives decided
to urge their friends in Russia to
support the movement for the proposed
conference.
Samuel Gompers, president of the
American Federation of Labor, who
was told upon his arrival here last
night of measures relative to Russia
adopted by the peace congress, SAID:
II think it is very wise decision
and hope it will have satisfactory re
suits in restoring peace in Russia and
placing that unfortunate country again
into comfy with the great factors Of
the civilization of the world
PARIS. Jan. 23-The decision of the
Supreme Council of the peace congress
on the Russian questions meets with
mixed reception in the Paris morning
newspapers.
The "Matin," which carries the news
under the caption "Dramatic Stroke
at Peace Conference" says; at is
great and bold idea. We shall see if
it, proves practical and FRUITFUL
The journal" asserts: "There is no
hiding the fact that the solution
adopted has caused painful impress
sion upon the French. Foreign Min
lister Pichon expressed public senti
ment when he said in his speech of
December 20 and his letter of January
5, NO compromise with the Bolshe-
WIKI
The view of the echo de Paris"
is as follows: Insensate as may be
the settlement now proposed it has at
least the merit Of ridding us of the
still more harmful solution of bring
ing the Bolsheviki to Paris and giving
them the opportunity of repeating on
Allied territory the Brest-Litovsk
propaganda
The "Figaro" makes this comment:
mo solution of the Russian problem
has yet been found, but a broad and
fair-minded inquiry is opened by the
associated powers under their auspices.
1t is to be hoped the Bolshevik agents
will not take advantage of this tenn /
porary respite to continue their prop
aganda in Europe and hamper the
work of peace in the name of their
own principles"
The Socialist "Humanite" says:
"The Social Democrats of the whole
world will read President Wilson's
proposals with the deepest JOY. Presi- /
dent Wilson speaks the language
which we and the workers of the
civilized globe have been waiting for"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24
sent to the Black Sea and troops wero

sent to the Black Sea and troops were
landed at Odessa and sebastopol.
Many prominent Russians have ar
rived or are expected soon to arr;vo
N PARIS to consider and press for
Hussia's representation at the peace
conference Hitherto no Russian gov
ernment has been recognized by the
associated Powers, but the representa-
yves OF several have been sent to
Paris, hoping to secure representation,
even II their respective governments
have not been formally recognized.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

Can't you remember coming
downstairs on a crisp, frosty
morning to find the lower part
OF the house tantallzingly' fra
grant with country sausage
sizzling in the pan? And "on
the side, thick slices of baked
apple and delicious coffee?
At CHlLDS any nippy morn,
ing you can get this famous
country combination. Your
plate is helped" in genuine
old,fashioned style; a cake of
freshly made, perfectly sea-
soned country sausage meat;
timely favored apple, and a
bit of good gravy.
And on the side, real buck
wheat cakes with fine butter
and syrup.
Country. ssa..ss. apple.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

none of them hold 1.-THE of the prom
Use of the. experiment that is now
made'
New-York tribune., 1919-01-24

Country. sausage. apple,
euekwheat cakes and
syrup, With . cup Of mel
low, delicious eoffee.--3Sc.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
GIVEN AWAY
Wildness of Boyne Presented VI. \. G.
with Opening Game

NJ A. c. defeated the Alma college
nine at East Lansing Saturday by a
score of ll-3. The score does not
do justice to the game however, as
NJ. A. c. scored seven points on Alma
in the first inning when Boyne
walked five and hit two others.
After the first inning Boyne settled
down and pitched fine ball Both
teams made four hits VI. A. c. had
saved Donnely. their first string
pitcher for Alma having pitched a
Second string man against Kalama-
zoo the previous day. The showing
made by the team was encouraging
and gives Coach Field an excellent
chance to work the team into shape.
Although the hitting and fielding was
not up TO the standard this can easily
! accounted for by lack of practice
and also by the fact that this was
Alma's first game and the new men
were little unaccustomed to each
otk
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
CONTEST FRIDAY
A. II. $. Oratorical and Defamation
Contestants Go To Albion

Donald j. Dunham and Miss Au-
gusta Arnold, winners of the sub
district oratorical and defamation
contests will compete at Albion Fri
day night in the district contest,
which is larger than usual this year,
two districts having been combined
for this event, bringing the local
orators into competition with the
larger schools of the state.
Miss Augusta Arnold, who won the
sub-district defamation contest with
the defamation, "Toussaint Lower
ture," will give this defamation at
the big district contest and Mr.. Dun
ham, winner of the sub-district CON
test with his oration, The Impend-
ing Conflict" will gve this oration.
The two districts which send high
school representatives 20 the contest
at Albion. comprise the lower half Of
the lower peninsula, which taxes in
practically all Of the states larger
high schools
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
OPENS RECRUITING OFFICE

Private First Class l.. ID. Smith,
army recruiting service, returned to
Alma last Saturday and has opened
the recruiting Office at l131a West
Superior street. The army is offering
a very attractive proposition at this
time in the matter of short en-
listment, education and vocational
advantages, travel and choice Of SER
vice in the United States, Europe.
Panama, Alaska. Hawaii. China or
the Philippines.
Private Smith is here to explain
the advantages Of service in the many
branches of the army to all who may
be interested. Enlistments are being
made for coast and field artillery, in
fantry, cavalry, quartermaster corps,
medical corps, engineers, signal corps
and the air and tank services.
In view Of the many advantages
and alternate propositions which the
army is now offering il is expected
that enlistments will be brisk in this
section as they have been elsewhere
where recruiting Offices have recently
been opened.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
PUBLISH LIST
Victory Loan Slackers Will Get No
sympathy from County Committee.

Notices are being sent to all town
ship Victory Loan chairmen of the
county from the county headquarters
here, making it plain that unless
those who are abe, subscribe for
Victory Loan notes, their names will
be published in the newspapers of the
county, even if it is necessary TO pur-
chase advertising space for the pur-
pose.
The circular which is going out TO
the township chairmen shows that up
TO April % there were only 904 sub
scribers to the Victory Loan. as com
pared with more than 5000 for a like
period on the Fourth Loan.
IL is also made clear that Just be-
cause one portion of the county may
be over the top with its quota, is not
excuse for refusal TO subscribe on the
part of those who are able.
Robinson feels that inasmuch as the
government desires a wide distribu-
tion of the notes of the Victory Loan
issue, in order that banks may not be
tied up. and for other reasons import
ant to the country's welfare. that this
is one thing which must be done in
the Victory Loan Campaign.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
SOLICITATION COMING
Nistory Loan Solicitation Will BE
Started Monday. May 3.

It had been hoped, when the Vic
tory Loan campaign started that
Gratiot county and Alma would go
over the top with their respective
quotas, without the city of Alma be-
ing solicited on this campaign, but
reports of the past few days have
shown big drop, and it has been
decided that it is necessary to canvass
Alma if the county is to 90 over with
it's quota Of over 100000.
Alma went over during the first
three days of the volunteer system,
and has been adding 10 her quota
each day with a small additional
amount, but it will not prove suffici-
ent to put the county over There
are many in Alma, who it is believed
are able 10 subscribe and will, if
solicited. Some of these are known to
have property in various townships
upon which they have not purchased
the Victory notes.
1t is understood that the solici-
tation in Alma will be started on
Monday, May 5, and finished up just
as quickly as possible.
Alma record. (Alma, Mich.) 1878-1928, 1919-05-01
SECOND ORATORICAL
Council Has Decided Upon Another
Contest This Year.

Alma is TO have a second oratorical
contest this year. 1t is because the
Council of Oratory and Debating has
decided to hold the annaul oratorical
contest in the spring of the year,
thus permitting the choice of a col
lege representative early enough TO
that he will not be cramped for time
in which to prepare his oration for
the state contest.
This, being the first year that Alma
has the change of date, means that
we are to have our second oratorical
contest this spring, May IA. The
time is not far away If we are to
have a large number Of contestants
and a good local contest we cannot
wait until the last minute to prepare
for this contest Alma is anxious to
win in oratory, but she does not make
adequate preparation for winning.
Unless a number OF students start
working at once, this early contest
will prove no more satisfactory than
former contests and no benefit will be
gained from it. There should be a
good number of contestants and give
a wide choice for orators for next
year. With good orator and eight
weeks of summer Alma college should
make a good showing in state con-
test.