davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
BOLSHEVIKI BEGIN
OCCUPYING WILMA
Reds Advance Guard i'm City
as Germans Are Leaving and
Poles Give Up Hope.
INVADERS BURN AND STAY
British Squadron to Sail Soon
From Libau to Escape
Being Frozen In.
Special cable Despatch TO The sUN from the

London Times Service.
Copyright. 1919: all rights reserved.
LONDON, Jan. 4.-The advance guard
a, the Bolsheviki already are in wilma,
which Germans, according to dispatches
reaching here, will leave to-day. The
Poles have no hope of holding the city.
German troops will remain near Riga.
toward which the Soviet army is still
advancing The British squadron, which
Lar given effective aid both here and
on the Esthonian coast, probably will
have to be withdrawn to prevent being
frozen In.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
2O2 U-BOATS TOTAL
LOSS OF GERMANY
Still Building Submarines to
Keep Workers Employed.
Special cable Despatch to The Sun from the
London Times Serrice.

SpecIdI CdbTe Despdfch 70 TIE Bun from me
London Times Serrice.
Copyright, 1919: all rights reserved.
LONDON, Jan. 4-1nteresting figures
are now available about Gernrany's loss
of submarines during the war. The
total of German losses was 202 In adj
dtion fourteen submarines were de-
stroyed by the Germans, ten in the
Adriatic and four in Flanders. Seven
more were interned in neutral countries.
The Germans are still building sub
marines. with the Allies making no OBJ
lection because obviously 1t is necessary
to keep workers employed and when sub
marines are built and launched they will
be disposed of by the Allies.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
U. S. WARSHIPS AT DANZIG.
Two DcstrOycrs Reach Port In
German Poland.

BAsLE, Jan. 4.-The American de-
stroycrs Wickes and Aylwin have en-
tered the port of Danzig, German Po-
land, according to advices from that
Dlace.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
Serbia. War Lo..e. 5000. 900. 900

PARIS. Jan. 4.--Serbia's war losses
total $685., 900 900, according to a Bel
grade despatch to the Times
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05

LONDON, Jan. 4.--One hundred and
seventy submarines. all under construc-
ton, were found when the Inter Allied
Naval Commission visited Germany to
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05

Put this superb aria -"Un Bel Dr.
Zone Fine Day from Puccini's "Madame
Butterfly upon the instrument. Listen to
Florence Easton's wonderful tones, voice
the heart-rendlng pathos- the pitiful
longing of the little deserted Japanese
girl.
You have never heard record like this
before; you have never heard record
played like this before,
Gone is the stridency - the slight
metallic quality hitherto inseparable from
the phonograph. In their place is melody
in its lovelicst guise; purer soprano voice
-one of the worlds famous prima
donnas x clear, rich and sweet in all its
living, breathing, natural beauty.
The supremacy of the Aeolian- V ocalion
is based on substantial, definite features of
superiority. The most important of these
features are herewith summarized.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
Features OF the Vocation

MECHANICAL PERFECTION-Th Auto
matte Stop on the Vocation is an example of the
perfection in mechanical detail characterizing
this instrument. Simple, direct and absolutely
dependable, this device is the most satisfactory
of its kind yet invented.
ind TIE New
UNIVERSAL TONE ARM - This great
feature of the Vocation, is nota bic tribute TO
the skill and resource of the Aeolian staff, 1t
provides the means by which every make of
record can be played upon the location With
the record situation as it is today with SO
many different manufacturers making records
this is the only spay that all the great artists
can be heard. Moreover, SO we'll has this fca-
ture been designed that each make of record is
played exactly as intended, thus producing
from each the be1re5ah5 of which it is capable
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05

TONE-Due to its advanced and more scien-
tifc construction, the Vocation produces richer,
deeper, more beautiful and more natural tones
than have hitherto been heard from the phono-
graph.
TONE-CONTROL-The Graduoa-the ar
tiStic and exclusive tone-controlling feature of
the Vocation, enables the performer to shade
and color the music as he will. 1t enables any
one to participate in the playing of the record,
to give voice to his own musical ideas and to
prevent monotony by slight changes in the
records stereotyped expression.
APPEARANCE-In both outline and finish,
the regular upright models of the Vocation es-
tabliSh an entirely new standard of beauty for
the photograph. The beautiful Period Styles,
though inexpensive, are the most unusual and
artistic photographs ever displayed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05

had waited-the means by which, in
time, music in all its many beautiful
forms might be enjoyed by all.
Slowly these possibilities have been re-
vealed. The little mechanical novelty
almost toy-rose to higher uses. The
TALKING MACHINE became MUSIC MACHINE
Today the phonograph has developed to
its ultimate goal. In the Aeolian Vocation
and new Vocation Record, phonograph
perfection has been achieved. No longer
machine of any kind, the phonograph
takes its new position as true MUSICAL
INSTRUMENT IOu-musiC lOver--CannOr
know all the possibilities of the phono-
graph, until you hear Vocation Record
played upon the Aeolian Vocation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
I The
AEOLIAN-VOCAIION

HEN the phonograph was
first invented, the possibilities
it would ultimately divulge
were little dreamed of. In
reality, here at last was some
thing for which humanity
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05
OOCALION PRICES

Style 700, illustrated price
S295. Other conventional
models, equipped s0iM
GradHola, are priced from
SIS npwmd5; tcifhOm
Gradn0la, from $50.
Many beantitM Period
models, priced from $40.
Ill prices Sn6ject to
change.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-01-05

LV4"SCs l. bO/ CbCC AHSLOS
HE voiee recordings of
Nine. Florence Easfon,
primadonna soprano offhe
Metropolitan Opera Com
pany, sciN be made exelus-
ively on the VocaTon
Record.
Nine. EasfOn'S Enropean
successes hare established
her position as an artist Of
distinguished gifts and at
tainmeufS.
In her numerous appear
anceS at the Metropolitan
she has delighted all music
locerS with ter beautiful
voice and rare artistic
feeling.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
Out from Rocka,cay

The first attempt to fly around
the world will be made along routes
where protected waters are within
reasonable flying range. Prevailing
winds favor a west to east flight.
For more than sentimental reasons,
it Is likely that the start will be
made from Rockaway and the first
stop will be at the midocean airport,
the Azores. It will be unnecessary
to fly north to st. Johns, because,
within the year, improvements will
make direct flights from Rockaway
to the Azores possible.
From the Azores to Lisbon and
then to Gibraltar will offer no par
ticular difficulties. Nor will there
be lack Of fuel and repair stations
on the flight through the Mediter-
ranean, with the southern ports Of
France, Italy and Greece at the dis
posal Of the aerial Magellans. From
Greece the course will turn south
ward, much as the medinval trade
route, along the coasts of Turkey
and Arabia, over the Red Sea and
the Arabian Sea to India.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

What may be the progress during
the next fifty years-that is, by
1869?
AS to transportation on water:
the average fast speed Of the Great
Eastern was 1877 knots per hour
the average per hour for the fastest
days run Of the Mauretania was
27.04 knots, an approximate in
crease of 100 per cent. In 1869
the City of Brussels crossed the
Atlantic in III minutes less than
eight days; In 1909 the Mauretania
crossed in four days, ten hours and
forty-one minutes-only 56 per
cent Of the time it took the City
Of Brussels forty years before.
In air travelling the maximum
% miles an hour speed of LIE Geant
in 1858 is now the maximum 10
miles an hour speed of the R-34.
The record speed Of 55 miles an
hour by heavier -than-air- plane in
1909 is now put in the background
by the 200 miles an hour Of excep-
tional combat planes and the aver
age of 120 miles an hour Of the
Vickers- -Vimy in its transatlantic
fight. What will the future bring
in increase of speed? How fast
will airplanes fly in fifty years, in
1863?
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

up the Atlantic coast to the start
ing point.
This first flight will not be more
difficult for flying boats-as they
will be developed in less than two
years--than the New York to Paris
automobile trip across the Amer
lean continent and over Siberia was
for the automobile. It is less a
question Of flying range than of
endurance. There Is little doubt
the craft will be able to withstand
the storms encountered or be able
to cover the long jumps-many over
thousand miles each. Will the
motors and hull withstand the
pound and tear Of the 45,OOO-mile
flight? This is now the question of
Importance.
The first fight will be interesting,
dramatic, phenomenal, but much
progress must be made before such
flights become practical and capa-
BILE of giving efficient service. For
regular trips it is probable the long
distance dirigible will be employed,
but the development Of adequate
airports will postpone establishment
of regular trips by such craft for
some time. The discovery or de-
velopment Of gases Of considerably
more lifting power than hydrogen
will make more rapid flight of diri-
gibles possible at extremely high al
titudes, where winds 200 and 800
miles an hour will assist the air
ship. There will be no oxygen diff
ficulties-the hull in which the crew
operates will be alright with oxy-
gen supplied from tanks-pressure
will be the same as on the ground.
Intentions Needed
On the other hand, serviceable
flying around the world will not
come into it's own until many rad
ical improvements are made. The
most important of these inventions
will be wireless transmission of
power. Instead Of carrying gaso-
lene fuel weighing many tons, an
tennal will gather the energy from
the ether. But, serviceable or not,
the flights across the Atlantic have
not been serviceable from a COM
mercial or purely utilitarian view
point-an aerial trip around the
world will soon be made.
Now let US consider flying around
the world in a week To accomplish
this there must be progress in the
speed of the machines Of to-day.
We can judge somewhat Of the
future by the past. What has been
the progress in speed in the last
fifty years-that Is, since 1867
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
In Fifty Years?

Moreover, the greatest distance
covered in a nonstop fight by a
heavier-than-air plane in 1902 was
but one-sixth of one mile. Com
pare that with the 1860 miles now
covered in nonstop fight-an
increase Of 1,170,000 per cent in
but sixteen and one-half years.
What distances may not airplanes
cover in nonstop flights within the
next fifty years?
In making the record speed trip,
in flying around the world in a
week, we shall stop for fuel and
change Of machines just as a hun
dred years ago coaches from New
York to Philadelphia stoened for
change of horses, just as our pres
ent five-day railway trains from
New York to San Francisco stop
for change of locomotives, and just
as our present record trip around
the world was made by changing
from steamboat to railway train
and from railway train to steam
boat. In flying around the world
in a week many stops and quick
stops will be made; change of ma
chimes will be made, both tho land
plane and the flying boat will be
used. All these stops and changes
Will be possible for airports with
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

tic by the NC-4 has brought the fly
ing boat to the fore.
Each transatlantic fight-that Of
the flying boat, that Of the dirigible,
that Of the land 'plane--has de-
monstrated the advantages and the
disadvantages Of each type Of craft.
Which will be chosen for the first
fight around the world? What are
the special advantages Of each?
The transatlantic fight Of the
NC-4 demonstrated the capabilities
of the flying boat. It proved itself
gelf-reliant in the face Of storm and
fog. Fifteen men were carried over
1900 miles into adverse weather.
But the seaworthy qualities Of the
flying boat brought them all to
safety. Improved construction,
larger size and greater efficiency
ell these developments will come
quickly-will make this type Of
craft superior to any means Of
travel man has yet devised for
crossing the Atlantic with utmost
safety with mail, press dispatches,
ct cetera.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
The R.34's Record

The two crossings Of the magnifl-
cent British dirigible R-34 proved
the airworthiness and stability of
the giant airship. Although she
encountered adverse weather, which
prolonged her westward flight to
108 hours, the mighty craft, $40
feet long, made her way to the ap-
pointed landing place without diff
Guilty. The return Journey was made
in better tsme-three days three
hours and three minutes.
The great lifting power Of the
dirigible will make 1t the fest
freight and heavy mail carrier Of
the future. 1t is probable she will
never be able to compete with the
ultra-speedy flying boat in the
carrying Of urgent mall and docu-
ments, but her services will be much
more extensive. The volume Of
mall and the number Of passengers
carried by dirigibles will be many
times that Of flying boats. But
great landing places and mammoth
supply stations are necessary. As
these will not ba establixhed over
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
around the World

With air routes mapped out and
in use all over the world, with air
ports established on mainlands ard
cn islands of the seas, with improve
ments Of machines giving added en-
durance and reliability, with the at
tainment of increased speed-who
shall ridicule the possibility ard
probability-yes, the certainty
within the next fifty years-of q
trip around the world in week?
Poor Jules Verne-discredited
fifty years ago-even called insane
because he prophesied that boats
would some day travel under water
and that trip around the world
would be made in eighty days; poor
Jules Ferne-whose prophesies are
Of so little use to-day-they are now
so far behind the timesl Fifty years
have seen the journey around the
world reduced from over a year 70
three months. The next fifty years
will see 1t reduced from three
months to q weekl
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

within the next year or two is GER
tain. Increased reliability Of pres
ent types of aircraft is all that is
necessary to make possible such a
flight by easy stages.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

supplies, and machines Will soon,
very soon, dot the continents and
the islands Of all the seas. Think
what has been done in this line in
few short months, since the sign
ing Of the armisticel
Although in the use Of aircraft
and in preparation for the future
the United States Is behind other
leading nations, yet we now have
an aerial mail route established be-
tween Washington and Philadelphia
and Philadelphia and New York. and
another connects New York, Cleve-
land and Chicago. England has q
regular aerial mail service between
London and Paris, and another be-
tween London and Cologne that
saves three days in the delivery Of
mail. Belgium has an aerial mail
service between Brussels and Paris;
France has such service radiating
from Paris to Lyons and MarseiAes.
and another from Paris to Bor-
deaux. In Italy Naples, Rome.
Turin. Milan and Venice are linked
together By regular aerial mai SER
vice. For six months Germany has
maintained daily aerial mail ser
vice between Berlin and Hamburg
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
Types and Routes

Let us consider first the feat Of
Seseiy flying around the world;
'aas has already been done; what
''''e must be done to make 1t pos
A''e' what type Of aircraft will be
'S''en; what routes will be selected ;
"'* soon will the trip be made?
Already dirigible and a land
~'pans in uon-stop flights have
sd the Atlantic Ocean. The
@s'slble covered 1900 and the air
pane 1850 miles Tho longest
op fight necessary TO fly
aad the world will be required
. jumping from tho Hawaiian
70 San Francisco-2,1Oo
:, ~ That is but 14o miles longer
VI" 1850 miles already trav-
q ID sne nonstop fight across
atlantic; and since nonstop
nave progressed from one
A 'l one mile TO 1850 miles to-
N the last sixteen years, nom
"'gnes Of 2,100 miles are GER
"Hhin short time. But nom
: 'ians~ater flights may not be
10y IN an around-the- world
AAa crossing Of ths Attain
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
Flying Around he World IN Seven Daxs
Uifhia 81 71aazsy 4 Is ltediaed 4 WI Be
- Done b Speedy 14lr Boaf

r,HE fall line on the map In.
II djcafes the probable rOute
of a plane around the
.,,,,d The broken line is the
ANTE followed by Jules Verne's
,,yeIler, who circIed the globe
ID eighty days.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
From India to the Philippines, via

From India to the Philippines, via
Sumatra, Java and Borneo, the
route will also follow lanes soon to
be explored along the India to Aus
tralia route, about two-thirds of the
way. The next stage of the journey,
from the Philippines to the west
coast of North America, will pre-
sent the greatest difficulties to the
around-the-world fier. Although
there are numerous islands in the
Pacific, the first attempt will be
made so soon that few of these air
ports will have been developed.
Around-the-world trips, involving
thousands of extra miles Of travel,
will be necessary during the next
few years, although ultimately more
direct travel routes will be estab-
lished. The first trip across the
Pacific may be from the Philippines
to the Marshall Islands, then to the
Hawaiian Islands, and lastly to the
California mainland.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19

H1HE type of aircraft that
viii make fhe trip around
the world Is probably The
flying boar. Two of the hC-s
class are shown aoove, photo
graphed when they started over
tho AfIantic.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
the world for some time It Is prob.

the world for some time it Is prob
able the dirigible will not be chosen
for the first -the-world fight.
The speediest trip across the At
lantic was made by the Vickers- -Vimy
biplanc. It averaged 12O miles an
hour. and covered the distance In
sixteen hours. Tho flight was q
glorious achievement, but it does
not even suggest that the land ma
chine will come into general use for
long distance oversea flying nor that
it will be used In the first air trip
around the world. A forced landing
for repairs in midocean would mean
not only the end Of the flight but
the end Of the machine, and probably
Of the aviators also. Despite the
success Of the flight Of the Vickers-
Vimy, the aviators who piloted her
declared that in the future the flying
boat would be the type of craft best
fitted and safest for transoceanic
nyino
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
h. Edgar H. Felix, A. |. r. E.
..oeiats Editor Of Aerial Age
Weekly

Wy Eo8dI i' ~iAA' ~ ''
Iasociats Editor Of "Aeria! Age
4 Weekly
INNLY q few years ago
r when Thomas Edison was
~ twenty-five years old
Jules Verne wrote "a
| four Of the World IN Eighty Days"
1.-Two years before he had written his
twenty Thousand Leagues Under
HE Sea-" in which he described the
Ivysge Of q boat travelling under
s.ser. When Jules Verne insisted
bat these books were not mere &C.
i ion but that they portrayed the pos
Utilities Of the century to come, ssv-
ssl members Of French scientific
wieties declared him "insane"-and
hat was only forty-six years agol
WHAT progress the last fifty years
las seen! But instead Of fifty, con-
ader only the last twenty, the last
afteen. the last ten years! Progress
IN all things, but especially In aero
nautics. Sixteen years ago the
Wright brothers performed phe-
nomenal feat-they few the length
Of three city blocks In heavier
.han-air machine. Ten years ago
Bleriot flew across the English
channei-twenty miles-and the
world marvelled. Three months ago
land airplane crossed the Atlantic
1880 miles-in a nonstop flight
E'cu twenty miles In 1909 to nearly
1000 miles in 1919 shows the ten
7ssr progr ess IN distance covered.
Frm the maximum speed Of fifty
i've miles IN hour IN 1909 to the
maximum Of 200 miles an hour In
1918 shows the ten-year progress in
speed.
N course, we shall soon fly
'scund the world, but the first trip
MI take months, just as the first
accorded trip across the Atlantic
10 voyage OF Columbus-took
issrly three months, although the
Atlantic has now been crossed In
ss than FIVE days by steamship
% n sixteen hours by airplane.
vale the pilots Of the first air
up around the world will devote
" their attention TO covering dis
aacs, those who make the first trip
sound the world in a week will
sntre their attention on speed.
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
The Best Craft

For the first around d-the-world
fight there will be no landing facili-
ties for dirigibles. Land planes will
be eliminated because of the neces-
sity Of suitable landing fields for
them and their helplessness over
the water In case Of forced descent.
The aircraft most fitted to make the
journey is the flying boat. The fact
that the flying boat can be refuelled
at sea from ships, its damaged
motors attended to, propellers re-
placed and other minor repairs
made while on the water will make
it tho first choice Of aviators plan
ming an around-the-world flight.
How soon will the trip be made?
The NC-4 took q 1,300-mile stretch
from st. Johns to the Azores in one
flight This represents approx
mately tho limit Of distance attain
able at present by machine Of that
tpye In a nonstop fight. But i'm
provements already being planned by
engineers and ready to be carried
into execution will 30 increase the
range Of flight for this type Of craft
that an nd-the-world flight in
easy stages will soon be possible.
That tho fight will be attempted
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
Another Route

Another route which some flying
boat aviators are considering leads
from the Philippines up the jap
anese coast to Kamchatka, across
the Bering Sea, down the Alaskan
coast, south all the way to the
Isthmus of Panama, across the 18TH
mus, the Gulf of Mexico and finally
New-York tribune., 1919-10-19
More Has Been Done

But these European nations have
done more than establish aerial mail
service. England has daily aerial
passenger service between London
and Paris; there is bi-weeAIy
aerial passenger service between
Paris and Brussels. The italians
are daily carrying passengers
fifteen per machine per srip-both
by dirigible and airplane. from
Rome to Milan and from Milan 10
Rome. The aerial passenger service
of Germany connects Berlin with
Leipzig, with Weimar, with Frank
fort, and with the coast resorts.
France is extending her lines into
Morocco and Algeria. Italy is max
ing like preparations to connect its
homeland with it's colonies. Eng-
land is mapping airways between
the Motherland and her most dis
tant colonies. Already, since the
signing Of the armistice, her air
planes have flown from London 70
India, q distance greater than that
from New York TO Buenos Ayres,
preparing the way for regular trips
in the near future. Along this
route she has established signalling
stations, supply stations and repair
stations. And England's routes are
being laid out and traversed from
London to Africa and northward
from Cape Town. She is also pre-
pairing a route from India to Aus
tralia.
Soon the continents and the
oceans will be covered by air routes
as definite as the steamship routes
to-day, and along each Of these
routes there will be signalling, SUD
ply and repair stations, as well IS
extensive landing and taking off,
fields.