French Broad hustler. [volume] (Hendersonville, N.C.) 1916-1919, 1919-04-17

except on the North Pacific Coas.).
Hen~dersonville. elevation 2i57 feet,
has an average annual precipitation of
IS inches. This is a very hwy reI--
fail, greater than in any % tie dlaiD-
age districts which have been con-
ST ucted in North Cn'nlinl.
Level areas require smaller Co
eficients OF run-off ratio OF drainage
to rainfall is less for large areas than
for small. \ drainage area Eaving
~fan-shaped outline with numerous
tributary channels uniting to lcrin an
outlet at the small end Of the fan. GiII
have a comparatively high run-Gtf, Ae-
cause water from the greater part of
the area viii be concentrated ii the
main channel. Mud Creek Watershed
is rolling and billy, and has a ian
shaped outline.
UnduIating or roiing lands which
have a hard and smooth face, like
meadows ana pastures, give a large
run-off than cultivated fields. If niily
lands are tc~Taced 50 as to conserve
part Of tho water and distribute
the surplus down the slope, the drain
age coeficie1t viii be less than if no
care in THAI regard is exercised. The
Mud Greek watershed is largely IN
der cultivation although ~terracinG IS
not practiced to a large extent.
The really only reliable method 10
employ N determining what run-oft
should be used in the design OF ditchea
for a drainage district, is to on
pare it with some district which most
nearly resembles it, whose drainage
run-otf has been a~scertained, and Sc
lect a coeficient for computing the
outlet ditchcs. In the design OF the
bitches for the Piedmont section Of
NC-+h C,.a.-a, = run-Of OF Sd 10
cae g. E~GiN ever the contributing
! watcr-she~a las been used, and, IN
general, found to be satisfactory. IN
v~estigations which have been condUcc-
! ed by this Office for the past six years
on Third Greek, IredeIl County, \. G.,
indicate that Gor rainfall, topography.
and other conditions like those in CEc
Third Creek drainage area drainage
improvements should provide for the
above mentioned amount of run-cH.
All the features of the Mud Creek
drainage area seem to indicate that
p rather large run-of is to be eX-
pected. 4 heavy rainfall, rolling
t~opography, f~an-shaped drainage
area, unterraced cultivated fields,
sand in the channels, lead to this con
cIusion, There is one feature, how
ever. which ma tend to relieve an
excessive run-of and that is, that
while the topography Of the water
shed is rolling in character, it is not
believed to be as billy as many OF the
districts in the Piedmont section, exz
cept at the head-waters Of the
streams.
Taking everything into considera-
ton, hov. ever, it is believed that the
drainage improvements for Mud
Creek should provide for a run-off
of n inch depth over the water
shed in "a hours for satisfactory re-
suits. A rate of run-of larger than
this no doubt at times occurs, but to
provide a drainage system sufficient
to carry without overflow the largest
storms would require canals OF
enormous capacity. Their cost would
in the case of most of the streams
of the hilly section of the state
render the projects impractlcable be-
cause Of the small amount of land
benefited. It is generally conceded
that a slight overflow covering a short
period of time, with good drainage
afterwards, will not, as a rule, in
jure the lands Or crops.
improvements Required
AS stated earlier in the report, the
proposed district includes the I'M
provement Of 8 81 miles Of Mud
Greek, 3 1-2 miles Of Eat Fork Greek,
81 miles Of King Creek, 2 miles of
Devils Fork Greek, 1-2 mile Of Clear
Greek and IL mile Of Brittain's
Greek, q total Of Is Sd miles The
work TO be done on King, Clear and
Brittan's creeks is for such short
distances on each that it can easily |
stream in them as it progresses down
u l1lC%I1I CIiCI44lS1s n O1OOSS PIoSSN Il
in Bat Fork Greek at the upper end
Of the proposed district in working
down stream to Mud Greek and thence
on to the French Broad River, could
IN its passage stop and eXcavate up
stream on King, Devils Fork, Mud and
the Edneyville road, Brittan's and
Clear Greeks in succession, before
proceeding further down the main
ditch. Some difficulty may be en-
countered in working up stream 2
miles on Devils Fork, and 1 IA miles
on Mud Greek, but by building dams
(the fall of these streams not being
excessively, the entire project may be
done with one dredge.
On account of the comparatively
flat grades in this district as compared
to other Piedmont districts, and also
because of the larger watershed area
below the junction OF Clear Greek,
canals Of larger capacity will be re-
CURED, and further, because of the