davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
MINERS IN SPAIN
EIGHT-HOUR DAY IN TWO SHIFTS,
n OL IDAYS APLENTY WITH
Flu Il PAY w ORKE RS RE-
CEIVED SUPPLIES BEFORE LES
SEES AND LANDLORDS.

Catholic Spain was little affected
by the Reformation which laid the
foundation for capitalism. A mining
law enacted in 1878 still breathes the
spirit of economic justice that ami
mated some of the old guild regula-
lions. A fragment of this law was
discovered by Commander Allard, be-
ing an edict of Philip ii, ruler of
Spain, and the low countries from
1850 to 1898. Signed in 1878 it was
registered in the Parliament of Dole,
January 10, 1879. The extract is as
follows:
Edict of Philip II.
We will and ordain that mine work
crs will labor eight hours a day, in
two shifts of four hours.
If the work must be accelerated, it
will be done by four workers, labor
ing six hours each without a break,
each worker having finished his six
hours will pass his tools on to the
hands of the next, thus having eigh-
teen hours of rest out of the twenty
four.
Mine workers are paid either &C
cording to contract with the person
nier (grantee of the mine), or accord
ing to the work done, at their choice
We will and Ordain that on feaSts
of precept the workmen to be paid as
if they had worked; Item.-At Easter
Christmas and Pentecost he will labor
for a half-week only except the boys
drawing water lin order to prevent
the inundation of the mines). Item.-
On the four Feasts of Our Lady, and
on the twelve Feasts Of the Apostles
the workmen will quit work half day
before the vigil of each Feast
Mine workers can choose the
ground to build house and garden in
the parish of the place where they
work by paying yearly ground rent
and, because of this, have right to
the timber woods and dead wood over
which the parish rules.
Miners have a market in the mines
and have this right that it is not al
lowed strangers to divert the living
of their market.
In the market which commences al
ten o'clock in the morning it is not
permitted to officers, lessees and land
lords to buy provisions before the
WOrkmen are supplied.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
VULGAR BOSTON.

For more than a century the
people of this country have looked
upon Boston as our own Athens,
the center and leader Of our intel
lectual life. The shadows of Low
ell, Ruskin, Emerson and host
Of other intellectuals are supposed
to dwell in the midst Of that elias.
sic city. Boston has ever enjoyed
the reputation Of being the home
and the nursery of all the culture
to be found upon this benighted
continent, and the rest of the
nation has readily acquiesced in
the claim.
Now Boston has startled the
country by not only resorting to
vulgar disturbances but also by
staging a most wicked strike
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
FATHER O'FLAHERTY
LATE ARMY CHAPLAIN LEFT
ESTATE IN TRUST FOR
TEACHERS.

Probably because he felt premo-
milton of death, Rev. c. q. O'Flaherty,
formerly pastor of the Holy Family
Church at Mitchell, S. d., and presl-
dent of the Notre Dame Academy, who
was killed in action in France, drew
up his will short time before he was
killed
The greater part of his estate Fa-
Their O'Flaherty left as a trust fund
from which a part of the salaries OF
the teachers in the normal or high
school department of the academy are
to be paid. The only other bequest
was to his sister, to whom he left
$4,000 in cash and three city lots.
Miss O'F1aherty kept house for her
brother for number of years.
The academy teachers in order to
come under the terms of the will,
must either have a teachers life Ger.
tificate from some state, or be a grad
uate of an accredited school or have
a state teachers license.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
JOHN PERsH1NG.

In the heyday Of Roman power
it was customary to accord tri-
umphant general great ovation
on his return to Rome. Accom-
panied by his victorious legions,
with noble captives chained to his
chariot, with long lines Of slaves
marching in the humility and de-
lection of captivity, the victorious
leader rode in splendor down the
Sacred Way. The occasion be-
came a great Roman holiday,
usually ending with gladiatorial
combats or the slaughter OF cap
tives by the wild animals in the
Coliseum.
The other day a victorious Gen
eral returned to these shores after
two years absence. He had been
sent to Mexico to capture willy
bandit, while politicians in Wash
ington did their best to hamper
his activities in the chase. When
America was plunged into war
General Pershing was the MAI
whom she selected to lead hel
armies. Quietly he slipped away
to Europe. Contrary to the judg
ment of the best minds in Eng
land and in France, Pershing was
enabled in short time to whiI
together one Of the largest anc
most efficient armies that thu
world has known. What tina
army did is already history. Fol
four years the French and Ger
mans stubbornly contested Sain
Mihiel: in forty-eight hours Per
shing's army had captured thu
stronghold and driven the Ger
mans back thirty miles.
In the rapidity and brilllanc.
of his military movements he !
approached by Grant and Napo
leon alone. Having completed hi
task, this pride of the Western
Republic returned to his people
without captives or spoils or othe
Ievidence Of mighty conquest. Ora
ciously he acknowledged the fer
vent outpourings of a grateful
nation, then quietly did he drol
into the routine of his ordinar,
work.
From Scipio Africans to job
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

British film censors have cut the
word "hell' out of all American
films. They also deleted all the
"damns," and refused to let any
more women 'sell themselves to vii
lains." In one piece, to save the
hero whom she loved with movie
vehemence, they compromised and
permitted the villain to take the
heroine out to lunch-alone. All
this means that the censors, headed
by 7. P. O'Connor, the Irish pub
licist, have taken alarm at the free
dom with which American producers
interpreted their sub-titles with ex-
plosive words, and are deleting them
mercilessly.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
DOMAIN OF TEMPERANCE
DRUNKENNESS FROM BEER.

Bauer and Bollinger found in $500
autopsies in Munich, the center OF
Bavarian beer, that one man in every
sixteen had beer heart" Sentner
found that the death rate in Munich
for heart disease was nearly double
the average rate.
Twenty years ago, Professor Fraent-
eel reported a great increase in heart
troubles among comparatively young
people twenty to thirty years OF age)
in Berlin, following an enormous in
crease in the consumption of Bavar1an
beer. Liver disease, kidney disease,
diabetes, and tuberculosis were dis
covered by the physicians and life in
surance authorities of beer-drinking
countries, like Germany and Great
Britain, to be disproportionately prev
alent among beer-users and beer-mak-
erS.
No drunkenness in beer-drinking
countries? Yet Germany, the beer
drinking country, had before the war
more than thirty institutions for the
treatment of drunkenness. Of the
Swiss Ellikon Inebriate Hospital be-
tween 1887 and 1893, there were thirty
nine out of every one hundred who
! drank solely beer or beer and wine.
The British Board of Control found
in London, as short a time ago as 1916,
that of 566 cases of drunkenness
among men which were investigated,
forty out of every one hundred had
! become drunk on the fermented
! liquors, beer or stout.
The experience of the drinking
countries has always shown that the
free use of wine does not protect
against alcoholism. Listen, America:
Of five hundred patients who came
under the observation of Ernest Mas
sard in a hospital in the st. Antoine
quarter of Paris in 1901, the average
used from four to five quarts of wine
a day; fifty-six, who declared they
were never drunk, used from one to
two quarts of wine a day, and brandy,
rum and absinthe in addition; and
four hundred of the five hundred pa
tients showed signs of alcoholism.
alcoholism" said Dr. Debove, dean
of the Paris Faculty of Medicine, and
Dr. Faisans, of the leading general
hospital, in an official proclamation in
1908, sis chronic poisoning, resulting
from the habitual use of alcohol even
when not taken in amounts sufficient
to produce drunkenness. The so-called
hygienic drinks (wine, beer and CIDER
also contain alcohol; the man who
daily drinks an immoderate amount of
wine, of cider, or of beer, becomes as
surely alcoholic as the one who drinks
brandy. Alcoholism causes a great
variety of diseases. 1t is one of the
most frightful scourges, whether re-
garded from the point of view of the
health of the individual, of the exist
ence of the family or of the future of
the nation
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
COMMON SENSE TALK.

EX-Secretary of the Navy John D.
Long, of Massachusetts, who was
called upon to address some high
school boys, once said: Boys, |
know that it is not much use to
preach to you, and that even if an
impression is made on you, it runs
the risk of being effaced as soon as
you come into exposure to tempta-
ton. But if you could only have in
these bright, hopeful, confident days
of youth the experience of years, you
would abstain from intoxicating
liquors, not only as matter of prin-
ciple, but as matter of hard, COM
mon sense and of your personal hap
piness, health, success and prosperity.
There is no denying that Intoxicating
liquors are INDUCED in by many re-
spectacle people, or that they are
associated, in some literature and in
some society, with gOOd-fellOWship
and merry times, or that some per-
sons can use them moderately with
out immediate apparent injury. But
take my word for it that the risk of
can be just as good times and just as
good fellowship without them, and
that nobody thinks a bit the less Of
a young fellow because he will not
use them, but, on the contrary, that
every business man or professional
man, whatever his own habits, in
stinctively turns away from employ
| inc Loc IN; ,t
of liquor about him. Every physician
now condemns the use of alcohol as
a drink Every employer counts the
use of it against an employee. If you
want a clear head, if you want
sound heart, if you want clean con-
science, if you want healthy body,
if you want money in your pocket and
credit to your name, put your foot
right down and say that you are going
to abstain from the use of intoxicating
liquors, and keep the faith. Is there
anything nastier than a man under
their influence? Be clean and whole
some. Keep your brain clear, your
head steady, your self-respect firm and
you will have a life that is worth liy-
! Ing. 1nlS is not matter or SOOQy
talk and sentiment If nothing else
will convince you, experience will, but
it will be that experience which can
only come too late to be of any use
You may think that you have self
control enough to take care of your
self, but the chances are that your
self-control will be no more than
pasteboard against gatling gun if
you tamper with temptation and once
begin the indulgence
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

The resignation Of Tim Healy
from parliament means that the
house will lose its greatest wit. Il
recall" says a friend, ''from his in
exhaustible list of witticisms his
description of bill to which he
objected as the offspring Of head
ache of the Irish Office while he
once declared that the making of the
late Sir Henry Campbell Banner
man into chief secretary was an
attempt to govern Ireland with
Scotch jokes. One of Tins most
exquisite imaginings, however, was
during a divorce case, when he SAID
that the spectacle of his learned
friends client crying in the witness
box was the greatest miracle that
ever happened since Moses drew
water from the rock. 80
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Brother Elmer n. Powell, Dean
of Kansas City School of Law, says
that he has more Irish students than
any other nationality. But a great
many good Irishmen are Masons,"
says the Kansas City Freemason.
With all due regard for Masons with
Irish names, if it please the editor
of the Freemason, we much prefer
to meet The Masons without them,
notes the Register Most Irish who
belong to Masonic organizations are
not a credit to either the Irish race
or Masonry. In all cases where they
'fop" the cause is purely a mer-
cenary one. There are thousands of
Irish in the South who are descend
ants Of Irish Catholic parents but
who have never known the faith.
These men make good units for any
organization. But there are few
Irish in the North in Masonry who
have not been raised in the faith
and have executed 'fop." These
men are undesirable for any organi-
cation. A sure method of suicide for
Masonry is to accept this latter class
of candidates.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
ANOTHER CAMPAIGN
WESTERN ACADEMY TO EN-
LARGE WORK.

Ground will be broken within few
days for two anneXes and a chapel at
Mount st. Gertrudes Academy, con-
Quoted by the Sisters of Charity of the
Blessed Virgin Mary at Boulder, Colo.
A campaign to raise 100000 for the
construction of the buildings is open
ing in Boulder. One prominent cit-
zen has made gift of $4,000, and
there have already been two gifts of
$500. 1t is hoped to receive assistance
from other parts of Colorado as well
as Boulder,
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

For the first time in the history
of the American Congress quorum
was demanded last week for the
opening prayer in the House. Rep
resentative Blanton of Texas made
the point Of order that there was
no quorum present before the chap
lain had a chance to make his prayer.
Clarence Cannon, parliamentarian of
the House, who advised the Speaker
in sustaining the point of order, said
that this is the first time the quorum
was called before the prayer.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

The Church Extension Society Of
the Methodist Church publishes a
monthly magazine. In a recent
issue there is a bitter and ignorant
TRADE against the Catholic Church.
This statement occurs: Gone Of the
greatest needs of Europe today is
leadership in war against immoral
ity. That leadership cannot come
from the Roman Catholic Church
Because intelligence and Catholicism
do not mix" Perhaps the writer
never heard of Catholic leader
named Foch.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
AROUND THE CIRCUIT.

While no man can hope to fool
all the people all the time, some
statesmen consider it a pleasant
diversion to fool all the people
some Of the time.
When Mr.. Wilson, following up
the proposal for peace issued by
Pope Benedict XIV. sent forth his
Fourteen Points, we were proud
Of the man. When the Chief Ex-
ecutive went to Paris and declared
that the result Of the great war
must be justice and equality to
all peoples, the nation applauded
him.
Mr.. Wilson has returned among
us bearing a treaty Of peace in
one hand and in the other the
outline of a League Of Nations.
| Of his sincerity, his nobility of
ideals, and his earnestness, there
can be little doubt. At the same
time, the Constitution of the
United States places the power
for ratification of such treaties
and covenants in the hands of
Congress. America desires to see
Mr.. Wilson succeed in making the
League Of Nations so strong as
to minimize, if not prevent, the
occasion Of future wars. But
America seems to find a few flaws
in the proposed alliance. We do
not understand, for example, why
China must suffer the loss OF
Shantung just because Japan
helped to drive the Germans from
their few colonies in the Orient
Article Ten would make it forever
impossible for China to regain
IShantung, for Ireland, Canada
Australia, Or any other large co
lonial possession, ever to achieve
it's independence, Spain once pos
sessed many colonies IN Soutf
America. In the course OF time
these colonies revolted and each
has become an independent state
There is no earthly reason why
at some future time Canada Of
| Australia, as well as Ireland or
perchance Scotland, might no
consider itself sufficiently impor
tant to demand complete freedom
Article Ten binds the ditferen
signatories to oppose any sucl
national aspirations.
Again, it is not very clear VIII!
England should have six vote
on any League question, Wherea
America has but one.
While, therefore, the applaus
which greets Mr.. Wilson every
where in virtue Of his office ma,
be soothing to his vanity, if
President may be said to SUITE
from such a fault, it would be ia
more consistent with America!
principles and ideals if the Presl
, dent deigned to take Congress
into his confidence, repaired tn
, defects in his noble covenant, an
, thus safeguarded the peace an
, welfare of humanity, without a
! the same time jeopardizlng tn
liberties and dignity Of the Amer
, lean Republic.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

A fact which is not generally
known is that Edward Carson has
not a drop Of Ulster blood in his
veins, and no connection by birth
or residence with that province. He
was born in Dublin IS years ago.
His father was Edward Carson, an
architect; his mother was Isabella
Lambert, daughter Of a landlord,
Walter Lambert Of Castle Ellen
County Galway His mother and
my grandmother, Ellen Lambert
writes Mary Butler O'Nolan, were
sisters, so | know what | am talking
about. 1t is ludricous to see Belfast
Orangemen breathing forth fire and
fury against the south and west, and
choosing as chief spokesman the son
of Dublin father and County Gal,
way mother, man born and breC
in Dublin, and resident in London
who only visits Belfast whenever
there is an Orange pow-wow on, an6
then rushes away again.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
FOR LATE vOCAT|ONS
SEMINARY IN FRANCE FOR
ADVANCED ASPIRANTS,

In a recent issue of La CroiX of
Paris, news appears of an excellent
move on the part of the Archbishop
of Bourges to meet the dearth of
priests in his diocese. He has opened
a seminary in the great Abbey of
Fontgombault and set aside part of it
for the use of late vocations A three
years course of studies is assigned
for elderly men aspiring to the priest
hood, and their rule of life will be
adapted to their years.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

At the meeting of the K. of c.
Supreme Council i'll Buffalo last
month the following was passed
Resolved, That the publication
known as Good of the Order be
denounced as lacking in fraternity
and calculated to disrupt this organi-
zation by instilling Through unwar-
ranted attack upon official conduct)
dissension among the membership Of
this Order"
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Pershing is cry Of twenty cen
turtles. The difference in their
triumphs is all the greater mas
much as the American General
brought back peace to the whole
world. The difference between
the two triumphs indicates the
progress made by the world since
the days Of Rome.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Before 1914 German missionaries
labored in the Caroline and the Mar
shall islands. These worthy men
were then deported to Australia
Now the japanese, who have taken
over the islands, have sent a Cath
Ollie, Comandant Yamamoto, to the
Vatican to arrange for Catholic mis-
sionaries for the people. Not baC
for pagan government.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

The chaplains have returned to
their former charges throughout the
country. In spite of this the
Bishops are asking for many more
priests. and are ordaining their stu
dents as soon as possible. All this
is an encouraging sign Of healthy
growth in the Church.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
MINISTER TO BOLIVIA

S. Abbott Maginnis of Salt Lake,
who was nominated Oh September 5
IS minister to Bolivia, is an alumnuS
of st. Mary's College, Kansas, and for
mer state deputy of the Knights of
Columbus in Utah.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Mr.. Durham, formerly clergy
man of the Anglican Church, occu-
pied the Catholic Evidence Guilds
platform in Hyde Park on Sunday,
SAYS the London Universe. Il have
been Catholic layman for fourteen
years." he told a large audience.
"For thirty years I had been trying
to convert Papists throughout the
length and breadth Of Ireland. !
converted only one, and that man
was myself. Ny effort to drive men
from the Catholic Church brought
me into her fold through the won
dertul grace Of God"
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

In spite of the wit and sarcasm
shown by Mr. Wilson in his swing
around the country, the vital objec-
tions to his League of Nations still
remain unanswered. As a whole
the league may be serviceable, but
it badly needs strengthening in sew
cral parts. Article Ten will yet
cause trouble.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
IRISH FREEDOM
PRIESTS ASSIST IN RAISING
NEEDED FUND.

At the close of the retreat at the
st. Paul Seminary last month, a meet
ing was held by number of priests
to assist the drive for the Irish Free
dom fund Already considerably over
one thousand dollars has been con-
tributed to this fund. Rev. P. R.
Cunningham Of Minneapolis is treas
urer.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

General Pershing has by act Of
Congress been raised to the full rank
Of general. The last man to enjoy
that honor died in 1888. He was
General Phil. Sheridan, a Catholic.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1919.

As noted elsewhere, the Solemn
Anniversary Mass for the late Arch
bishop Ireland will take place in
the st. Paul Cathedral Oh Wedncs-
day morning, October s.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Bcnzigcrs Catholic Home Annual
for 1920 is at hand. 1t contains Il
goodly assortment of stories and
articles of interest. It is also well
printed and beautifully illustrated.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Rev. James VI. Reardon, EditOr-in-Chief
Rev. C. f. McGinnis, Ph. D.,
Associate Editor.
Harry LOcheed, Advertising Manager.
Printed by WfIIwerscheid & Roth.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Remittance may be made by Draft.
Post Office or Express Money Order, or
Registered Letter, addressed to
THE CATHOLIC BULLETIN,
s15 Newton Bldg, St. Paul, Minnesota.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

Entered as second class matter. Jan
nary IL, 1911. at the post office, St
Paul, Mimi, under Act of March 8. 1879
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

The mailing label on your paper is a
receipt for your subscription, and a re-
minder of the date of its expiration.
To insure change of address. the sub
RCriber must give the old, as well as
the new, address.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

acceptance for mailing at special
rate of postage provided for in section
1903. Act of October 3. 1917, authorized
September IS, 1918.
The Catholic bulletin. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1911-1995, 1919-09-20

OObOO ME TOIN FNIVE'
$500 year, payable in advance.
$3.50 a year to foreign countries.