davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Another New Citizen-The Hausfrau in Pol1t1c

solidarity appeared to them greater
and moro compelling than sex
solidarity.
Without q doubt these proletaria1
women have interests in common
with women Of other spheres and the
attempt of the women's movement to
establish a relationship between
women Of all classes was therefore
justified. While it Is true that in
the class movement the proletarian
women found a field Of expression
for their idealism, the theory Of
class struggle has nevertheless had
"a very unhealthy effect upon the
formation Of German society, by
each class refusing to have any con-
nection with aims and movements
outside itself.
The women of the bourgeoisie
enter the bourgeois political par
les in large numbers without at
.empting to come to the protection
# the prerogatives Of their class,
If protecting the capitalist inter-
ests. Of course, these women are
opposed to the doctrines Of social
democracy because they consider it
ust as impossible to socialize pro.
luction as it is impossible to carry
out Tolstoy's formula Of Bodily
abor on the part of every one for
his daily bread" The bourgeoisie
omen will be sort of mediators be-
tween the ideals of the Socialists
md the ideals Of the bourgeoisie
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
SuIjragists for Food La,rs

a committee on food supply ana az
mand at the convention held IN 9"
Louis last spring, when the Lag
Of Women Voters was created "'"
Costigan was made chairman. :.
The League Of Women Voters W."
probably be asked to lndor'e y.
National Marketing Committee q"
its next meeting III February ",.'
Costigan at present represents ~"
Consumers League. because ae.D'
has not been taken BY the sum-"
gists.
The new National Marketing Con.
mittee will seek to bring pu','~
sentiment to bear in favor OF ".
passage Of the Kenyon-Anaer~.
bill and similar measures. 1t Is ss's
that a drive will be made 10 crys'.'
lie the educational campaign on '"e
meat packing industry made ~ %
women's organizations INTO w"
mite support of the bills peha'Ati
before Congress to distribute W.
products. -S
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Ten Commandments for German Women Voters

rorr ,arv vou arc In with It's main principles
Tou shaft not waste thy other peoples time with
~ hit dispense with It you reach an independent
conclusion .a
VII Thou bear false witness against tne men anu
- h hoong 70 q different party but shalt firmly defend
thy party against any and all calumny
TX Thou the Of thy conviction out 90 MOI
cultivate the egotsm of fanatic 80
Y Do not politics the right property or honor Oh y
;hr do MT sock thine own honor in it, Direct all thy Will and
all thy strength to the welbeing Of thy country
(r Aqne ron daughter Of Professor AdoV 20"
Horac Of the University Bcri Of tho foremost Gefd"
eologans and leaders Of the so-cded ne~ 0n0ao1 Se"oo "
religious phtosOphy)
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Local Boards
Influenced by Bureau

The service acted in many cases
to protect the teacher Of excellent
qualifications against too low sala
ny. Sometimes a Board Of Educa
ton would ask that a teacher in
physics with a masters degree be
sent them for $1,000 year. The
bureau would reply that a teacher
with such qualifications could not be
obtained for that money. Upon re-
ceipt Of this information from the
Federal bureau the local boards
sometimes asked what The right kind
Of person would consider, and later
fixed the salaries accordingly.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

formation of the committee, were
collecting evidences as to profitecr-
ing.
1--WE believe in a profit for every
business man, but not at the rate of
three and four hundred per cent a
year, as we find many of the small
merchants are making" declared a
leading member Of the committee
last week.
Earnest, thinking women who
realize that the problem of reason
able food is vital to the welfare of
the nation, and that women must not
be slackcrs and expect men to face
the issue alone, are already bring
ing about a drop in prices.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
TITLE did grandmother and
the f,apper from out Kansas

II TITLE did grandmother and
the flapper from out Kansas
way dream that they would
ever sit side by side and mark down
Funny things on a printed blank to
determine their intelligence. They
both went into the Bureau Of War
Risk Insurance, via the civil service
examination, to read mail and sort
ut inquiries from thousands OF
American families as to why the
check had not yet arrived.
After the American army began
70 demobilize the Bureau of War
Risk acquired the services of Major
0. c. Lloyd as chief of its personnel
division. He had been personnel
officer in the military forces, and as
such had become acquainted with the
work of Captain j. J. Hudson in
conducting psychological tests Of the
men in the fighting forces. One Of
the majors first official acts upon
taking his new civilian Office was to
ask Captain Hudson, likewise civ
iIian now, to make those same tests
on the 1920 employees of the Blu
reau Of War Risk.
The bulk Of this personnel is FEM
mine, all ages of girls and women.
For this reason this laboratory eX-
pertinent is entirely different from
that made in the army, and is es-
pecially interesting because it may
be the beginning Of general Fed
eral adoption of psychological tests
to ascertain the intelligence Of cleri-
cal workeA.
AS tie experiment is the first of
the kind to be made on the govern
ment employees, it is not known yet
whether such tests will be permanent
in the Bureau of War Risk. But
throughout August a series of
groups will seat themselves daily
in a great empty room, to be tested
as were the enlisted men.
These groups range in number
from 1870 to $50 employees from
their respective sections without re-
gard to age, previous conditions of
employment, or sex.
Altogether Captain Hudson finds
The War Risk girls more human
laboratory than the army men. The
military personnel locked upon the
tests as a part of prescribed mill
tary routine. The Bureau Of War
Risk officials hope to popularize and
explain the motive Of the tests to
such an extent that the girls will
come into the room with pleasant
anticipation instead Of trembling fin
gers.
In accord with other psycholo-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Measuring the Minds of
Uncle Sans CLERKS

gists, he believes that such tests h
any given group or industry should
be made after months Of study
of that group or industry. he
army tests were made for men and
not for such a selected group as are
the girls and women recruited
through the civil service examine
tions. The ratings will be used 70
add to the employees efficiency
marks and will be another factor ID
determining transfers, promotion
increases in salary, as well as d.
motions and possible discharges.
Advocates Of the tests believe
they have found the real solution
of improving the efficiency Of ths
War Risk operations. They feel
that the attendance, non-attend'
ance, illness or health Of an en-.
ploye do not make the final analypie
Of his-or mainly her--ability 10
ferret out the missing allotment
and allowance papers. Those fami.
lies who have waited as many -
ten months for their government
checks can echo this sentiment fee.
vently.
A detail of sixteen girls has been
charged with the duty of correcting
the papers. This scoring is done BY
the means of stencils, which elm
mates any element Of personal
judgment in the marking. Major
Lloyd is pioneering with the War
Risk personnel, but it may be pos
sible that all women workers vii
some day take tests of this kind.
The War Risk girls have taken
the tests seriously and someti nes
with giggles, as is the way win
girls, and the gray-haired women
with their neatly netted locks ana
specialized eyes wonder. pernaps'
how the boys stood up under sue1
orders as IF Christmas comes III
December, put cross in the nf"
circle, but if it doesn't make a cros
IN the fifth circle"
There are also the girls WHO
must be excused from the tes~
because they are suffering from
broken arms-one girl had band
aged left arm as her abb. Anotnef
girl gave the novel excuse that sne
had just been released from a men.
tai sanatorium and her doctor nse
told her she must keep her MIND on
her bodily ailments and conse
quently she could not be subjects.
to the examination. In spite Oh
these few exceptions the tests af'
going ahead until the entire per-
sonnet has been rated. L. L. n
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Laws Are
Not Cure-Alls

in the matter of boarding. women
should watch themselves and one
another. a woman who buys more
than she needs at the time, because
she hears that prices are to advance,
helps to advance prices. She is a
protiteer. She is helping boost
prices for some other woman by
taking out Of the market products
which are needed.
"And so it goes, the law Of supply
and demand dominating everything.
If women will interest themselves in
The proposed laws which threaten
cur supplies they can prevent many
f the ills from which we all suffer.
Legislation will not cure all Of
our troubles. People are not made
moral by legislative enactments, nor
can greed be cured in that way. A
man does not change his nature
when he becomes an appointee; he
is just the same as he was before,
experienced or inexperienced, good
or bad. Putting the power into one
mans hands will not equalize the
law Of supply and demand"
All of which goes TO prove that
the modern homemakers are tax
ing an international. economic view
Of the food shortage. They are
against profitecring, but they realize
that back Of the whole situation is
AN economic problem which must
be worked out.
Also the committee has very
poor opinion Of anything that
verges on government ownership or
control. Mrs. Murphy explained the
effect Of government dictation on
food saving.
THE saving effected by conser-
vation has been to considerable
degree Offset by the increased pur-
chascs of those who, because Of the
publicity given to sugar restriction,
bought more than they otherwise
would"
These things. and many more,
the Women's Economic Committee
is asking the women Of this coun-
try to think about. What the
women Of ancient Greece and Rome
failed TO 90 the committee is de-
tcrmiEed TO undertake. II hopes
20 make the supply fit the demand
in America and secure right prices
for producers, distributors and
homemakers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
because they are concerned ehisfIu
with the national entity.
Apply Protecting Attitude
Toward Life

Social viewpoints woman N
represent much more consistena,v
than man, because by her natxm
and her previous development -
is more distant from the fundam(n.
tai thought Of the capitalist ORR,
than man. She cannot possib,v
wish q free-for-all fight. The pov.
chology Of woman is such that I
leads her to stand before life pr..
tecSngly. Woman places love u
mankind above material things: II
puts soul above matter. Her eul.
tural aims are to maintain and 70
preserve life and to work againx
the squandering and destruction m
it. All these things will contribute
TO one end: That women will sun.
port every political measure which
will elevate the communal life and
will lead it into more just and mora
perfect forms.
Everything seems to indicate
that women, because Of their very
nature, will contribute positive
creative forces to our newly con.
structed state. There is every
promise that women will win such Z
place in political parties as will lead
our political life to higher forms
and will endow il with a new
significance.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

gravity Of our national life will
shift from arts and sciences, yes,
even from economic and technical
matters, to the world Of political
thought and action. The times are
past when the citizen, secure in
the protection of an established
state. could 60 along peacefully
and serenely, knowing that his
rights are safeguarded. A new
order Of society must come.
To what extent woman and her
special abilities and power will be
fitted to take part in the building Of
the new state Of society only the
future will definitely tell. With all
modesty and reserve which BELTS
those who find themselves in the
presence of a new situation, with
all respect for the work and achieve
ments of man which have gone be-
fore us, we still must seek to chart
our own course.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Bv LILY LYKES ROWE
\ REDUCTIONS have been made
from authoritative sources at
WASHINGTON that the shortage

PREDICTIONS have been made
from authoritative sources at
- Washington that the shortage
i'm school teachers this October for
the country at large will be greater
than ever. Last October the Federal
Bureau of Education issued state
ment that $4,000 teachers were need
ed if half million school children
of the United States were TO re-
ceive educational opportunities. This
shortage existed because of the re-
moval of 10000 men and women
instructors from the classrooms of
the country by the war. These men
and women have not returned to
their profession in sufficiently, large
Numbers to insure enough teachers
this October.
Miss Alice Deal, president Of the
Washington High School Teachers
Union, mas become interested IN lne
restoration of the National School
Board Service OF the Federal Bureau
of Education as one means for less
cning the shortage. This service was
organized last year under the au-
thorizatioN of President Wilson.
He applied $4,000 Of his emergency
funds TO the mission of getting teach
ers for the vacancies, and on July l
this appropriation ceased.
With the closing up of this emer-
gency bureau the files and registra-
ton of approximately $4,000 avail
able teachers in the rural districts
were withdrawn from the use Of the
school boards Of the country.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Appeal to Forget
Class Lines.
Price Problems Are Up to Modern Women

only one person desires it the price
remains stationary.
"And so the law Of supply and dc.
nand runs through everything" she
continued. Take the matter Of
high prices for shoes. We have been
steadily sending shoes to Europe.
Naturally our own supply Of shoes
is low. This country never does
have a surplus Of shoes, for only a
certain amount can be produced in
the shoe factories each year. If we
have to divide our shoe stock with
Europe, naturally the American
public will have to pay more for its
shoes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
What Has Become of
Our School Teachers

anv surplus Of teachers in one state
to fill in the lack elsewhere.
Figures show that the United
States has $4,000 public school
teachers. and that 100000 of these
change their jobs yearly. This gives
a labor turnover of practically 90 per
cent in the teaching profession. The
service aided schools in allocatlng
this turnover last fall without any
charge to the teacher or the school.
The commercial teaching agencies
make a charge for placing teachers
said to total S3,0O0,000 year.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Blames Low
Salaries

Miss Deal places the blame for the
shortage on low salaries and the lack
of a national clearing house for
teachers. Those in greatest demand
during the past ten months we're ex-
perts in manual and physical train
ing and instructors in science, state
universities, private institutions of
national note and the village school
competing alike for the men and
women registered by the School
Board Service.
Five per cent Of the $4,000 regis
trants sending in their photographs
and personal history sheets to the
Federal Service were rural and
graded school teachers. Seventy
five per cent were recent graduates
from colleges and normal schools.
Twenty per cent were special teach
ers in such branches as physical
training. music and expression.
Miss Deal plans to have the Amer
lean Federation Of Labor foster the
restoration of the service. Schools
in West Virginia and other states
which have been closed for the past
two wears will again be closed this
winter owing to a shortage of
teachers
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
By Dr.. Agnes Won Harnack

By Dr. Agnes f1aTndcK
THOU thy unexpected right TO vote as ct!zeh
- a Conscientious duty consc;ent;ousy fulfilled
L. Thou not from false Of superiority or
conception Of femin;nt consider chat the entire
matter (of voting, does not Jou
Ill Thou shalt the good old time when
women easier but shall stand hrmy ana
)oyful,y the foundation o. the present
~ shall: listen the counsel of tried and fathui
leaders the right exclude for authority
v shalt kill bury the high ideals of womany
grace womany dignity but instead thou shat adapt them IN
rcw the needs of the times.
VI Thou what party thou art going to ]oln
ano you joined stick it, overlook the weaknesses OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Study Economic
Laws

Mrs. Claudia Quigley Murphy, Of
New YORK., home economic consult
ant and advisory counsel, one Of the
active workers on the National Eco
monte Committee, believes that a
little knowledge Of the workings of
the law Of supply and demand will
work wonders in price reduction.
"No one group is responsible for
the altitude of foodstuffs," said Mrs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
By ALICE SALOMON

Dr.. Alice Solomon is one Of the
Uioneers Of the Woman Increment IN
Csrvsany and leading sociologist.
Her books include "A Manual Of the
Woman Increment" "Womon's So
cial Duty" Reasons for the Unequal
Compensation Of Male and Female
Labor" "Protection Of Motherhood
Social Education Jon Women.
"What We One to Ourselres and
Others" and an photographed
volume, "Trcnty Years Of Social Re-
lief Work" Before the wor she
scos woman suffrage leader and
after the rerolution OF last Nocen-
Der she took part IN organizing
Ge,man Women on the side OF the
republic and democratic institutions.
She belongs to the Radical party
and is q member of the Weimor As
sembly.-lEditor's Note.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Countrywide
Campaigns

Meanwhile, across the country
women rallied to the call to arms.
Housewives of Chicago patiently Wis
tied the corner grocery man and
dclved into the mysteries of buying
and selling prices. The federated
clubwomcn Of South Carolina, Iowa,
Michigan, New Jersey and West Vir-
ginia, within q fortnight after the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

class interests and is constantly dis
turbed and torn by class movements
and struggles lr its ideal form
such a state vii, have no parties
only professional groups and asso-
Citations. But these will be conscious
of the mutualness of their interests
they will know that no group car
permanently rise at the expense OF
the next group; that none rises o.
falls by itself; that all the members
of a national body are inseparablY
bound to one another. Whether
such an ideal state can ever be at
tanned is doubtful, for it contra
diets human nature.
1t is in establishing such state
that the German women can exercise
a divided influence. Unlike men,
they are not rooted in group in
terests.
Woman's psychic character fits her
above all for work in this new
structure of the state. She who has
As her natural and highest aim in
life the caring, nourishing and pro
.ecting of tender, helpless life Is
bound to be above personal interests.
Appeal to Forget
Class Lines.
The proletarian women, who even
before the revolution were drawn in.
to the political life of the country,
sought expression almost exclusively
within the confines of the class move
ment Of the social democracy. Class
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
More Unselhshness
In Politics

To the new structure Of society
women must contribute social
thought, sense for the whole of
the peoples organism, sense which
grows out of woman's destination
for motherhood and endows her
with special ability to feel and act
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

foundation stone in our new state.
There is no true democracy as long
as the life of people is split by
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

w Nth their entry into pollti-
wv cal life there arises before
he women Of Germany
the question of what are the prob
lens which they as citizens are fac
ing and what is the contribution
that they as women can make.
One thing seems quite clear to
all who think and feel as women:
They must not exhaust their ener-
eies in gaining recruits for the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07

outside her own interests and those
of her immediate surroundings.
This thought must become a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
Lift the Burden
For All Time

In other words, the women or
America are being called upon to
LIT the yoke of high prices from
the shoulders of women for all time.
Common sense coupled with the
vote will bring the new era.
1t has taken centuries for women
to realize that the solution of the
worlds food supply problems rests
with them. They must settle the
matter themselves, they must follow
the law Of supply and demand.
Just because Martha Washington
had to pay $40 a barrel for -four is
no reason why the present house
keeper should submit to such prices,
says the committee.
The Women's National Economic
Committee is now four weeks Old.
Already its doctrines and methods
are making themselves felt. The
DAILY Food Alliance or New 1Ork
was the first organization to join
with it. Mrs. Charles D. Hirst,
president Of the alliance, called 4
meeting Of her organization, armed
the members with auestionnaires
and started them on a hunt for tn.
retail food profiteer.
The women did not have far s
search. They have evidence at thci
headquarters. 22-26 East Seven
teenth Street, to prove that create
New York is full of profteers an
the Brooklyn women have filed sim
liar reports.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
A New Contribution
From Women

But the substantial contribution
of the woman citizen to the politi-
cal life of the country ought to lie
in a different field. 1t should con-
sist of this: That the women grow
into the political life with their
inner consciousness and give en-
preston to new phases of develop
ment in the political structure OF
the country.
For decades to come the best
forces of the nation will be called
into play to hammer a new, strong,
hopeful Germany out Of the pres
ent economic ruins, social chaos and
moral uprooting. The centre of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
various parties, or In building and

various parties, or In building and
organizing the party structure. The
interest of women in politics may
serve to increase the interest Of
men in the same field and may re-
claim many an Indifferent voter. It
is also possible that the fact that
the woman is now voter may tend
to lift the world of political IDEAS
in Germany away from The saloon
table and party headquarters and
to set it up in the family circle.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-09-07
HE problem of the high cost
Of living is as old as time.
- When the world was in its


Il When the world was in its
infancy men and women probably
rebelled against profiteering and
vowed that food must come down.
That is the comforting thought
that the Women's National Economic
Committee is holding out to the
women Of America who may be feel
ing that their suffering is unique.
Cheer up, .says the committee, the
women Of ancient Rome suffered just
as you are suffering; people rioted
i'm the streets Of Antioch at the time
Of Constantine's death because food
was high.
Furthermore. the committee has a
practical remedy which it is spread
ing broadcast. 1t says the whole
question of high prices is economic
and that if the 100000 home
makers of America will study eco
Monies, even a little bit, they can
send food prices down, especially
now that they have the vote.