Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1919-09-10
SENATE SUBMITS
TREATY REPORT
WITH CHANGES
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ed it has fulfilled all its interna-
tional obligations and all its obliga-
lions under the covenant There
has been much dispute as to who
would decide If the question Of the
fuIhllment Of obligations was rails
ed and it is very generally thought
that this question would be settled
by the council Of the League Of
Nations. The best that can be said
about it is that the question of de-
cision is cIouded with doubt. On
such a point as this there must be
no doubt. The United Statss. which
has never broken an International
obligation, cannot permit all its ex-
listing treaties to be reviewed and
its conduct and honor questioned
by other nations. The same may
be said in regard to the fulfllment
# the obligations to the league. 1t
1ust be made perfectly clear that
ne United States alone is TO deter
2ne as to the fulfillment of its OBJ
Tgations. and its right Of with
drawal must therefore be uncOndi-
t'oaal as provided in the reserya-
ton.
No Protection for Others.
- The United States declines
to assume. under the provisions of
article 10, or under any other arti-
Gle. any obligation to preserve the
territorial integrity or political in
dependence of any other country or
10 interfere in controversies be-
tween other nations. members Of
the league or not, or to employ the
military or naval forces OF the
United States in such controversies,
or to adopt economic measures for
the protection of any ether country,
whether a member Of the league or
not, against external aggression or
for the purpose of coercing any
other country, or for the purpose
spf intervention in the internal con-
fffNts or other controversies which
MAY arise in any other country,
and no mandate shall pc accepted
by the United States under article
g. part 1 of the treaty of peace
with Germany. except by action of
the congress Of the United States
This reservation is intended to
meet the most vital objection to
the league covenant as it stands.
Under no circum stances must there
by any legal or moral obligation
upon the United States to enter
into war or to send its army and
navy abroad or without the unfet-
tered action OF congress to impose
economic boycotts on other coun-
tries. Under the constitution of the
United States. the congress alone
has the power to declare war. and
all bills to raise revenue or affect
ing the revenue in any way must
originate in the house of repre-
sentatives, he passed by the SEN
ate and receive the signature Of the
president These INSTITUTIONAL
tights Of congress must not be I'M
laired by any agreements such as
re presented In this treaty, nor
an any opportunity of charging
ne United States with bad faith be
ermitted. No American soldiers
r. sailors must be sent to fight in
her lands at the bidding Of
s.qgue OF nations American lives
ust rot he sacrificed. except by
will and command Of the
nerican people acting through
aeeir constitutional representatives
IN congress assembled.
Covers Mandates. Also.
This reservation also covers the
question of mandates. According to
the provision of the covenant %
the league the acceptance of a man
date by any member is voluntary.
but as to who shall have authority
10 refuse to accept a mandate for
any country the covenant of the
league is silent The decision as
to accepting a mandate must rest
within the control of
the congress Of the United States
as the reservation provides and
must no. be delegated. even by in
ference, to any personal agent or
TO any delegate or commissioner.
3. The United States reserves
TO itself exclusively the right to
decide what questions are within /
its domestic jurisdiction and de- /
tlares that all domestic and polit-
iCal questions relating to its At |
fairs, including immigration. coast |
y Use ttcIHC. LUP JdElH, commerce
and all other domestic questions, |
are solely within the Jurisdiction /
Of tue United States and are not |
under tho treaty submitted in any /
TSy either to arbitration or to the
consideration of the council or OF
he assembly. of the League of Ma
ions. or to the decision or recon-
7cndation of any other power
This reservation speaks for it
self 1t is not necessary to follow
nut here all tortuOus windings,
which to those who have followed
hem through the labyrinth dts
lose the fact that the league under
.ertHin conditions. will have pow
ar to pass upon and decide ques-
ions o. immigration and tariff, as
we'll as the others mentioned in
he reservation. It is believed by
he committee that this reservation
'eIieves the United States from
my dangers or any obligations in
Lis direction.
Saves Monroe Doctrine.
The fourth and last rcserva- |
ion is as follows
-. The United States declines ;
Q submit for arbitration or in
iuiry by the assembly or the coun-
il of the League of Nations pro-
'ided for in said treaty of peace
NY questions which in the judg-