davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14

fraction " sufn buying facilities here
when they needed them, became utterly
Disguised with our narrow mindedncss
and made up their minds that as soon
as Europe wa on its feet again they
would get even, and in n way they
arc trying TO do a..
I'VE have been more reasonable dur
ing the last two years by extending
some credit and we have made few
more friends, but there are certainly
not going to pay any blOre than they
have to. and only rs soon as they are
convinced that they cannot buy cheaper
elsewhere.
Then the question of exchange Is
very serious one ana is happer!ng trade
everywhere.
After the Peace Conference has set
tied the pclltical and geographical prob
lens the social and industrial prob
lens will have 20 be disposed of. and
then. when all is quiet, the world will
think about stabilizng its finances, its
different moneys and the exchange OF
values.
Until then NE will have TO trade.
adjusting exchanges with each country
individually but on the basis of uu-
known factors. II may he that some
International arrangements will settle
the matter sooner. In tho meantime, dur
Ing six months or two years, or more,
no one can tell what any money is
going 10 lie worth anywhere.
How can trade he resumed and Dc
veoped under such uncertain conditions =
How can people buy as was customary,
and rs 1t should be, for an advance
OF actual needs II they do not know
low much Of their money they will have
20 pay" How can credits he extended
m other than dollars II there is any
uncertainty iO regard 10 tho rate OF
conversion few weeks or months after +.
"These a-e some os the questions
which this country will have TO work
out in the immediate future"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
LATIN AMERICAN
TRADE BRIEFS

Steamship Service Between Corunna and
Havana-Consul W. Bruce Wallace Of
Corunna. Spain, reports that the konink-
like Hollandsche Lloyd steamship Com
pany Of Amsterdam, Holland. Will estsb-
lien service from Coruuna to cuba as
soon as peace Is signed The Steamship
Frisia Of this line, the FIRST foreign boat
that has called hero since the war began.
arrived Mt Corunna on February - 10
take on passengers and cargo for south
America. The Dutch company has had
tho plan NJ n Corunna-Cuba line In view
for several years.
The Hamburg American Line before tho
war had regular monthly service OF
fast boats from Corunna to Habana, and
also a slower service calling AZ Viso as
the Dutch company to secure traffic lost
by the German line
PORN for Inquiries to Consular Officers
Consul w. l.. Chapman OF Mazatlan,
sInaloa. Mexico, desires that the attention
of exporters writing to American consular
officers for commercial Information y"
called to the fact that It would greatly
facilitate the preparation OF replies to
their inquiries II they would state briefly
and concisely the data they require in
volume of business required to be handled
in many OF the American consulates Is
so many times greater than II was
few years ago that it Is necessary. even
with the increased assistance furnished.
to economiEe the time OF ench and every
member OF the consular staff as much as
possible,
The writer suggests that rnanufacturors
give their own careful supervision over
the wording. punctuation, spelling and
paragraphing OF their letters TO the trade
obroad in order TO avoid errors which
materially 10 the discred!: Of the flrm
to tho exten, sometimes OF actual loss
Of business
New Steamship Service Between Norway
and ChiIe-A new steamship company has
been formed In Chrlstiania under the
fvi hpa htT,a
will run between Norway and Chile. Tho
capital stock Is S60s, 900, Contracts have
been closed with English yards for build
$4,000 tons which will be ready in about
year Professionally the company viii
rent steamers for traffic between New
York and chile, but as soon as condi-
tons permit traffic to Norway will be
taken up. touching the ports OF Goteborg,
Copenhagen and Antwerp.
Argentine Export Duties for ApriI-The
commercial attache az Buenos Ayres has
cations in the Argentine export dulles In
force for April duties PAYABLE In Argen-
tine geld !Peso 'osSS tco The amounts 70
logs. 20ss pesos per ton; quebracho ex-
tract 5.oi pesos Per metric ton GEO
noSpns', or :ai msi.e nothing insssd boss
a.7T pesos per metric ton; linseed. bulk,
nothing; goatsiSins, 0.O76S peso per kilo;
greasy wool skins ASS pesos per metric
ton. Other duties remain the same as for
several months past.
TRANSPORTATION FscilHis. IN Pnrsxua'---
There ~ an apprf cia BILE increase In the
popularity OF American goods in Pdragusv.
according to the report ~ Consul Henry ",
Batch OF Asuncion. That Is pHrtiGularN
on safe in Paraguay are of American ORR
ElnD canned goods (meats, fruits and veg
etables), light hardware, sleetrieal sup,
plies and mechanical noTs!t!es- 1t would
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
Latin America Holidays
During Current Week

THURSDAY, April 17--Argen-
tina, Bolivia, Brazil. Colombia,
Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guate-
mala, Hayti, Honduras, Mexico,
Nicaragua, Panama tunofficial, not
observed by banks), Paraguay, Peru,
Salvador, Uruguay. Venezuela.
Friday. April lS--Argentina, Bar
bados, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana,
British Honduras, Chile. Colombia,
Costa Rica. Curacao. dominican Re
public. Dutch Guiana. Ecuador,
French Guiana, French West Indies,
Guatemala. Hayti. Honduras, ia
malca, Mexico, Nicaragua. Panama,
Paraguay, Peru. Porto Rico, Sal
vador. st. Lucia, st. Vincent, Uru-
quay, Venezuela.
Saturday, April argentina.
Bolivia. chile, Colombia, Costa Rica
CunoniciaD, Ecuador. French Guiana,
French West Indies. Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua. Panama Cun-
official. not observed hy banks) =,
Peru ,unofiicaD. Salvador. Uruguay,
Venezuela,
The above holidays are mentioned
as a reminder to those who transact
business by cable,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14

(Abovs table published in the bulletin OF the
Pon-4mericGn Union)
II will be noted that mate shows
hardly n trace Of essential oils. but hav-
ing moro resinous SUBJ lance than coffee,
it is more diuretic. but is nearly equal
to tea in stimulus. 1t carries barely
half the caffeine of tea and slightly less
than coffee. Altogether, mate possesses
the power to stimulate and TO produce
a feeling OF satisfaction In the imbiber
not unlike that produced by beer. though
with little. il any. Of the evil effects of
alcohol.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
DOUBT ABOUT HARBOR STRIKE.
Argentine Omcials Not Sure II Has
Dcen Finally Settled.

BUENos ATREs. April l3-Advices
were sent to-day To New York and Icu-
ropean ports urging against a resumption
OF shipments 10 Buenos Ayres on the
strength Of reports relative to a settle
ment OF the hsrbor strike.
The authority and shippers do not
behave that definite settlement has
been reached.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
WELCOMED BY CARRANZA.
AIississippi Valley Delegates Get
Cordial Greeting I'm Mexico.
By the 4ssocidted Press.

By the A'ocidted Press.
MEXICO CITY, April l3.-Members of
the delegation sent TO this city by the
Mississippi Valley Association were re-
ceived yesterday by President Carranza
and later held conference with heads
OF Government departments and repre-
sentatives OF banking. commercial and
manufacturing interests.
The mission expects 20 spend Thurs
day in Monterey. arriving at Laredo on
Friday. The stay of the visitors must
be shortened because of the necessity of
the mission making its report at a meet
ing OF the association to be held in Chi
cago on April 20 and %. II Is expected
that at that time an invitation from
President Carranza will be read invite
ing the National Foreign Trade Council
10 hold It's 1920 meetings here.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14


bc most regrettsb,e II the headway made
IN these lines was 'ost by reason Of tardy
rarriaS' %, s"ods o.aGrGd bg, It d"sI not not
d image to American interests from that
source.
Freight facilities on tho raraFua,-an
River nrN not sat!Ffa Glory ~ present and
many operating In Parneuav In. intiinatad
thnt sFtor esss biishing tho Rrt,,4tirs a..
ready started it may turn itT attcnion 10
ding Of lis own produces and porhEns fnr
the service OF the general public. |niupe.
tItion in the Paraguay river transrorta
ton would surely be ADVANTAGEOUS 10 the
nublic and ma rtlcuIarly so 10 Amar,ran
commercial interests in central south
America,
sugar Production In NicarnRus = cnsul
sugar during the isia season over that OF
I9IS ara not srrourazIng AIready snn,o y.
the centTals have discovered that the
sugar ronfont or rho cane liz helnv ths
standard, and this they attribute 10 he
I,cL Of rain SurInx the rronsr ses.nr
Ho~svsr nw.Irg 10 ,In .iightiv 'rgsr
acreage deycteJ 20 cane Il /, estimated
that Inc production this season win equal
uuinteIs or q 900 900 hounds
In iais ,sToSI ouirtnis or I9-.Sis-
pounds. OF sugar were exported. the value
r,1c -, 90 ono Cu,rtoi ." ,hi po -
Csnada 81, o6o GuintaIs; Panama and
oth,'r cour,riSs snaIic~ o,,anti,iss go
nv, ~. - m, ~ ,Hi,t VIZ
49, io,TsUi,, a Gon 1,,i,t,t 80 "a,
.es pounds yalusd at ,2Si';gG. weTo ex
80, ~ H. 80, ,o t,bIt 49,
pn ~. a., ~ Int,a1 .,,aio ~ 80 ran,at,
a., t1".ls - Az ~ 49, rn,,r,rir.
''' W "'''" anu 0'''
silk Industry in BrallI-The director Of
RldriSo silva at Harbaccna, state OF
MinRs Geraes, has begun an investigation
OF the conditions surrounding SILK worm
culture In the country, states Nicc-Consul
A. !. Hasskarl Of Rio de Janeiro. \ queE-
tionnaire. comprising inquiries relating 70
the chief phases OF the Industry has been
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
NEW SHIP LINE TO OPEN,
Lloyd BraIiliero VIII start South
American Service,

BrENos ArREs, April 13.--The Llnyd
Braziliero announces the inauguration
of new steamship line between New
York and Buenos Ayres. Steamships
engaged In the serNice will make calls
at Brazilian ports. The first vessel TO
he engaged in tho trade will be the
Uberaba, which will leave Buenos Ayres
for New York early in May.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14

The Lloyd Braziliero has maintained
coasting service between Brazilian
ports south Of the Amazon and I-ru-
guayan and Argentine ports Ia Rucnos
AyreS, It's head office IL in Rio JaneIro
The tberaba was formerly the Henry
Woermann and was built In Hamburg
in 1911, she. has a gross tonnage of
6,O62 and is owned by the Brazilian
GoNcrnmcnt.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14

The price on the yerbales, where the
leaf is raised, Il between and 10 cents
n pound. while tho price for expectation
seems to range between ~ and 8 cents,
depending on the grade. A certain small,
dark green leaf Is highly favored and
commands extra price, as also does a
superior quality prepared In Paraguay,
known as "caa-cuys."
According TO table prepared from
laboratory tests conducted by DR..
Caminhoa OF Brazil. the comparison OF
the quantities Of various substances in
mate to green tea. black tea and coffee is
as follows. (The table since has been
Endorsed by the Pasteur Institute OF
Paris)
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
YERBA MATE MAY BE COME
SUBSTITUTE FOR BEER IN u. S.
Favored Beverage and Stimulant Of the South Amer-
cans Expected to Find Market Here
After Nation Goes Dry.

Guarani Indians and was known to the
early Jesuits. who were sent to Ascun-
sion and the surrounding country dur
Ing the seventeenth century. 1t was
the Jesuits in fact, who first expert
mented in the cultivation OF the herb.
Considerable development In the
methods of production and preparation
has been made in the last few years.
More than. thirty mate mills are re-
ported to exist In the Brazilian state
OF Parana alone. More than fifteen
million persons in South America are
said to be habitual drinkers VI the
beverage, the principal distribution be-
ing in Argentina, Brazil. Paraguay.
Chile and Bolivia. The tea has also
been introduced to some extent In
Europe, particularly in Germany.
France. Italy and Spain.
The value of the annual exports Of
mate from the three States in Brazil of
Parana, Santa Catherine and Rio
Grande do Sui Is nearly 100000. In
1915 Argentina imported $4,000 tons
from Brazil and $500 from Paraguay.
Statistics do not show production. but
total yearly exports from the producing
countries are in excess Of 100000
american gold).
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
Originated with Indians.

The plant itself IS a species OF holly.
The leaves grow on small evergreen
trees, - to 81 feet in height. In the
dry season, usually about May. the
leaves are gathered. The old method
in vogue for centuries prescribed two
roastings. one in an open space called
a tatacua. and tho other on arthed
poles, an arrangement known bar
bacua. The pulverizng was accom-
plished in mortars formed OF pits in the
earth we'll battered by the yerbatoros.
the workmen who engage in this indus
try. The final operation still consists
In packing and sewing the leaves into
oblong shaped packages OF hide weighing
about eco pounds. When exposed to
the sun these packages contract into
strong. tight bales suitable for trans
portation.
The process was original with the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
ny LORING G. PEEDE.


can Department Of THE SrN.
The introduction Of n product practi-
cally unknown in this country is likely
to he one OF the immediate results of
prohibition. The opportunities presented
are of particular interest. to importers
OF South American products. as mate,
yerba mate, or ParaEuayan tea. the
latest proclaimed substitute for alco-
holic beverages IL TO be found only in
Eastern and Central Paraguay, Southern
Brazil and Northern Argentina, to which
region II Is indigenous.
Since IL first became evident that the
bone dry amendment was likely to be-
come law extensive plans have been
formulated both by the coffee growers
abroad and the American importers for
the development OF the coffee business
onsa larger scale In this country. The
associated coffee growers in Santos have,
u Is understood, raised a considerable
sum through an assessment on their
expectations for the purpose of financing
an extensive advertising campaign in the
United States. Owing 10 the unfavor-
able conditions due TO the war the cam
paign has been somewhat delayed, but Il
Is expected TO appear in the daily press
In the very near future.
The revival of the coffee house for tho
purpose Of popularizing the better grades
of coffee 10 another method which Ia
likely to be utilized. But right at tho
moment when IL would seem that the
people OF this country were about to
acquire the coffee habit as never before,
another beverage. possessing properties
similar to those, OF. coffee and tea COM
bined, enters the field with every inten-
ton OF stalking out as large a claim upon
the American public as possible.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14
Is q stimulating beverage.

Mate Is a delicious. satisfying and
stimulating beverage It is served hot in
manner Similar to tea, but Ia practi-
cally free from any properties which
have r deleterious effect upon the system,
and consequently Is immune from attack
by the manufacturers of cereal substi-
tutes for coffee.
Paraguay. the central producer OF
mate always has been the principal
advocate of Its use as beverage and
has made frequent attempts (between
revolutions) to mako 1T universally
known. Although century ago Para
quay had almost the entire growth In a
wild and natural state within her bor-
ders, II is Brazil which to-day is most
successful in carrying on this trade.
1t is apparent. however. tina, Paraguay
is not 20 be left behind in race TO
secure that which IL additionally her
own. At recent dinner given by the
Pan-American Society TO DR.. Manuel
Gondra. Minister from Paraguay, the
discussion turned to the famous South
American drink. and after the dinner
DR.. Gondra spoke enthusiastically con-
corning the prospects OF its introduction
in the United States. Since then much
interest has developed
One trading house has sent long
circular letter to the brewers OF the
country describing It's history ana prop
critics. and advocating 1t as a substitute
for beer. The letter cites as an illus
tration an undertaking OF this kind in
Germany Just prior to the war. Yer
mate" or "yermeth," It explains, was
the name given to the beverage, which
was made similar In color to either
dark or light beer, and which was pre-
pared with seltzer or other carbonic acid
waters The letter is reprinted in a
recent issue OF the Pan-Amcrfcan Re-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-04-14

Consul In Brazil Visits United states e.
The Bureau Of Foreign aud Domestic
Commerce has been Informed that Consul
Carl n. neirhmun at Ssnt'H Rrngll has
arrived in this country on leave Of alb
senes, His address Is SSjlA Junlala street,
ST Louis, Mo.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1919-05-23
Decoration Day, May 30th

The following program has been
arranged for this solemn day when
all the nation bows in sorrowful
memory above the graves of her SOL
der and sailor heroes.
$50 a. m.-Flowers delivered by
Forward Club committee at the City
Hall 900 a. m.-Proccssion to the
wagon bridge over the Boise river, to
observe memorial ceremonies in hon
or of soldiers and sailors lying be-
meath the waves. From the bridge to
the cross in the cemetery in mcmorv
of the unknown dead of all T.. 5
wars. Flowers will be cast on the
water and laid reverently on the
graves by squads of GIRLS and boys
led by the G. A. R., w. w V. and
others.
A picnic dinner will be given the
G.. A. R. BY the w. R. c. at or near
The basement of the M. F.. church al
II o'clock.
| 200 o. NJ
Lieut.. James Boone, chairman o
the day.
America first and second verses
bv the audience, led by Rev. F. L
Invocation. Rev. w. Winters.
G.. o. No. H. read BY Post Adjt. -.
Battle Hymn of the Republic audi
ence.
Lincoln's Address at Gettysburg
Philip Paine.
Mems ouartette.
Two memorial Rotations.
Mems ouartette.
Solo. Mrs Paul Case.
| Address. Rev. F. A. Paddock O
Weiser.
| America Cast verse;.
Benediction.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1919-05-23
GREENLEAF BOY HAS
NARROW ESCAPE

The 9-year-old son of T. H. Crit
fiths of Green1eaf narrowly escaped
serious injury Tuesday afternoon
when horse hitched to two-wheel-
ed cart in which he was riding, be-
came frightened and ran away. An
older boy who was in the cart was
thrown out almost Immediately. The
horse ran up Kimball avenue to Al
bany where it turned to the right
and ran up Albany for two blocks
and again turned onto 10th street.
Upon reaching the alley between Al
bany and Belmont it swerved again
to the right and ran up the alley to
the courthouse where it collided with
tree throwing out the little boy
and finally coming to halt on the
courthouse lawn The child's screams
attracted quite a crowd who followed
the flight until they were met by Mrs
B. NJ. Holt who had pursued the run
away in her car and had picked Ut
the boy and was Bringing him back
to town.
1t seemed almost inevitable tina
the child would be badly hurt anc
the onlookers were greatly relieved
to find him absolutely uninjured ex
cept for slight scratch above thu
knee
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1919-05-23
BUILDING PERMITS
ISSUED FOR PAST WEEK

The majority of the building per-
mits for this week were taken by ].
Frank Bales, contractor, who has one
permit for a $500 residence on Lin
den street; three $1,000 houses at 1918,
1920 and 1924 Everett street respect
lively; two $500 houses at 800 and
803 N. Kimball avenue, and five ST 500
houses on Aven street in the Galloway
addition. All Mr.. Bales buildings
will be modern and are all built for
sale.
w. H. Redway will build $l,50C
house at 1901 Chicago street, and E
NJ Kendon has taken permit for a
house to cost $1,000 at 1907 Cleveland
boulevard.
Also permits were issued for a
81, 500 addition to a residence at 9l(
Chicago street and a garage at ll0e
Blaine to cost $170 owned by Mrs. NJ
f. Mckinley.
The permits for the past two week:
aggregate in the neighborhood o
| $4,000
People are beginning TO wake up to
the seriousness of housing condition:
i'll Caldwell and realize the necessit,
of meeting the demands of the home
seekers who are pouring into the cit,
daily.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1919-05-23
PAVEMENT BONDS
CARRY BY BIG VOTE
,u,-ovements Authorixed-Vote Was
so For Bonds and $50 Against.
Work Starts Soon

The vote Tuesday on the pavement
bonds was 52O in favor OF bonds and
iXl against. According to wards the
vote was: First ward, ~ tor and
II against; second ward. us tor and
81 against; third ward, $50 tor and 50
The election authorized a bond is
cue in the sum OF $82,OOO.0O. OF this
amount $3O,OU0.0O will be used to re-
nlace the present wooden water
mains under the proposed pavement
with cast iron mains, and $52,OOO.OO
will be used for the pavement OF
street and alley intersections.
81 Blocks of Paving
Altogether 81 blocks will be paved
The pavement will be laid on Cleve-
land boulevard from the College to
Kimball avenue; and on Kmball ave
mite from Memorial park to Elgin
street. o,< <rc
Of the total registered vote 9l6, Csc
taxpayers voted. The campaign was
conducted by Mr.. John w: Smeed
president of the Commercial Club
who pressed into service many bust,
ness men and professional men.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1919-05-23
JobS For Disabled Yanks

Washington, u. T., May Zl.-An
executive order recently issued by the
president and received by cable
amends the federal civil-service rules
SO as to permit the Y. ), Civil Service
COMMISSION to waive the physical re-
qulrements under certain conditions
In favor OF men who were injured III
the military or naval service.
The civil service regulations specify
certain physical defects which deDar
from all examinations and other de-
fectS which will debar from certain
examinations. These regulations arr
based upon the requirements OF the
service as established by the several
department heads.
Upon the recommendation OF The
commission, alter consultation Will
| the federal board for vocational edu.
cation and the y. 5. Employees
| Compensation commission, the presi
dent issued an executive order, as fol
lows:
Provided, that the commission
may, in it's discretion, exempt iron
the physical requirements established
for any position disabled and hon
orably discharged soldier, sailor o
|
federal board for vocational educa
ton that he has been specially train
ed for and has passed practical ties
demonstrating his physical ability t
perform the duties OF the class G
positions in which employment
sought"
In submitting its recommendatio
to the president the Civil Service con
mission said: Where it is apparer
to this commission that his (the di:
abled soldiers, sailors, or marines
physical condition is such that h
would not ordinarily be accepted, til
case will be referred to the FEEDER;
board for vocational education. TIL;
board will then decide whether it
practicable, to educate him for ii
position sought. If considered pra
ticable, the rehabilitation and educ;
ton will be given, and when con
pleted certification OF that fact wi
: be made to this commission. Whel
the board does not consider it desi
able to attempt the education for Il
position sought some other position
will be considered and suggested
him, but he will not be admitted
= the one for which his physical co
dition constitutes an irremediab
bar"