davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
The Explosive
Bullet Ended
Zeppelin Raids
When Britain Began to Use
Them, the Raids Be-
gan 10 Diminish.

London. Eng. Jan 1s.-Britain con-
quered the zeppelins which roamed
about over England at Wiz, weather
permitting.
The leader % the Zeppelin raids on
London was commander Peter Stras-
ser. who had unbounded hatred for
England. He had an iron nerve and
in Germany was regarded as an auth
ority on air raids against England
He met his death on August 4. last
year in the Huns largest Zeppelin,
off the coast An explosive bullet
ended his journey.
To keep out OF range OF ordinary
anti-aircraft fire the Germans en-
larged their Zeppelins from 750. 900 to
about 100000 cubic feet, thus in
creasfng ascent abilities But this
was quickly countered by improved
defence methods In Britain The
Zepps carried about $500 pounds OF
bombs each
The Zeppelius usually set out from
Germany in the morning and timed
their arrival off the English coast
about dusk The fate Of Strasser's
ship was sealed because he arrived
too Early, being spotted above the
horizon by q British LOOKOUT
There evidently was no concerted
action among the Zeppelin raiders,
each acting more OF less independent
". They selected targets upon which
they could unload their bombs uuin-
terruptedly. II possible, and then flee.
They often penetrated into the heart
OF England.
six ZZeppeHns were brought down
IN England, the first By Lieut. Leefe
Robinson az Cufley. He was awarded
the Victoria Cross. The incendiary
machine gun bullets which he used
had been issued for the first time
only the day before the raid. Septem-
Der ?. 1915. The second Zeppelin was
brought down in flames at Great
Bursted- Out OF 13 Zeppelines which
raided England October 19. 1917. the
Germans lost four. One descended al
most intact near Mersea island. at the
northeast corner Of Essex Another
was brought down In flames near
Potter's Bar, AID two other Yep
pelins were forced to land. but the
crews destroyed their ships
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
GERMAN SPY SIGEALED
WITH A TRIPHAMMER

Philadelphia, Pa. Jan. Ian In
teresting story OF enemy spy work Is
told by Frank H. Gaskill, assistant
chief Of the Protective league. which
rendered service during the war.
The organization, Mr.. Gasknl re-
lates, was responsible for the intern
ment OF q man caught spelling out
dangerous messages with a tripham-
mer he was operating in a big indus
trial plant on the Delaware river. The
messages were first detscted BY a tel
egraph operator in Palmyra, y. J. He
caught the hammer spelling out.
Troop ship moving tomorrow
morning."
The telegrapher notified the gov
eminent authorities who caught the
triphammer operator signaling:
Raid on fishing fleet complete sur
prise"
This was several hours before the
news dispatches brought word OF the
sinking OF a fishing fleet by German
submarines off New England. The
triphammer expert was found to be a
former telegraph operator Mr.. Gas
kin said the mystery Of where the op-
orator got his news, or TO whom he
was signaling was never solved
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
Huns Do Little Property Damage
By Their Air Raids On London,
But KiHMen, Women, Children

II ONDON. Eng. Jan 1s.-Throughout
l. the war IT has been impossible
because Of censorship to tell where
the damage was caused or loss OF life
suffered in the air raids. But now the
lids off. The surprising thing about
the hundred-odd air attacks Is the
small amount OF property damage
that was caused and the escape Of all
important buildings, public historic
and otherwise, from damage whatso-
ever. This Is explained by the fact
that when Gotha machines capable Of
carrying powerful bombs were de-
vised. British air defences were 50
good that the enemy was forced to fly
high II he reaehehd the city at all. and
when he flew high he could not hit
anything Besides. he had poor luck.
the majority Of the bombs falling in
open places. No reservoirs were hit.
and damage to railways was negli-
gible. Time and again the Huns flew
over Woolwich arsenal damage OF
wheel off Britain's war chariot. hut
the arsenal escaped as II by miracle.
The biggest Loss.
The most serious loss Of life in the
downtown district was caused Janu-
airy IS. 1918, just OF the Strand, when
a bomb hit the building where John
BulI' is printed. This was at Old
hams printing works. off Longacre.
and hundreds OF people had taken
refuge in the basement Heavy ma
and paper were housed on
the upper floors and the bomb so
weakened the building this machinery
and paper came tumbling down on
the refugees The death hrou was
~. while 16s were injured. most of
the casualties OF that raid being at
Oldham's.
raids affected only the eastern and
southeastern portions OF London.
The first raid on the city (the
II Street district Of London was
September s. 1915. when two trains
in the Liverpool street station were
wrecked and another bomb fell close
to n motor bus outside the station. In
both cases there were many casual
ties.
Great Fires In CITY.
The same night great fires were
caused in the city warehouses In
wood and Fore streets, entai1iug
S2.5O0. 900 damage, while other fires
the same night from fncendiary bombs
caused s7.500.000 additional loss. Cas-
ualties were 50 killed and Sc injured
In a raid the night previous a bomb
missed the Tower OF London by 500
yards.
In Zeppelin raids which followed
until September. 1916, Leytonstone,
Walthamstown and East London suf- I
Tered severely. On October IS, 1915. /
a couple Of bombs fell in Lincoln's I
Inn smashing the seventeenth century
windows. Slight damage was done
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16

killed when bomb hit the Bedfort
hotel on Southampton row
Change Zeppelin Tactics.
On October Is. 1917 Germany
changed her Zeppelin tactics. sending
.13 machines TO raid England from
separate aercdromeS. Five came near
London. but only one evaded the bar
rage. II shut off its engines. flying
more than $4,000 feet above the city.
1t dropped five bombs at regular in
tervals over the city. falling at
Criciclewood. Piccadilly Circus. Cam
berweu and Hitler Green At Picca-
dilly five men and two women were
killed. the bomb going through five
feet OF wood, pacing concrete and
brickwork. At Hitler Green IL per-
sons were killed. seven Of them being
children OF a widow. Mrs. KinEstown.
who was found among the ruins OF
her house, with her hands bleeding.
searching for her children At Cam
berwell three shops we're destroyed.
killing 10 persons. The British
evened I'd the score by bringing down
and one intact That was the last
important Zeppelin raid.
The only time people were crushed
to death in rushing for shelter was
in the raid Of January IS. 1918. al
ready briefly mentioned. The panic
T.
mostly munitiOn workers. who had
formed a line at the Olympia music
hall, Shoreditch. when the warning
guns were fired. The crowd rushed
for a railway shelter and II persons.
including children. were crushed to
death at the entrance Il was 70
Shoreditch that the Zeppelins peue-
trated in theh first raid, May 81. 1915.
Hospital Il Hit.
In the raids Of February 1911.
1918, a bomb hit a small annex OF
Wren's Royal hosoital Chelsea. kill
ing an invalid officer. his wife and
two children The house Of Ian Mac
Pherson. deputy secretary for war.
narrowly escaped bombing Two
bombs we're dropped at Woolwich.
The Midland hotel (St- Pancras sta
toni was damaged where three or
four bombs fell behind and in front
of the main arch. killing several
people
The song writer. Mrs. Ford. au-
thor Of Keep the Tome Fires Burn
Inc" was killed in the raid OF March
:, 1913. which claimed 20 lives. One
Beatty's house, Wood station The
most widespread damage ever done
In London was at Warrington Cres-
cent. Mazda Vale, where five four
story apartments were demolished
The rescue party worked two days,
saving 30 lives. This was the "au-
rora borealis" raid. the northern
lights guiding the Hun flyers 20
London
The last raid on London was Nay
10. when ~ were killed and 179 in
iured- a score Of residential places
scattered throughout southwest and
west London were struck.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
BY FLOYD MACGRIFF.

nv bombs to ths Strand and Aldwych
theaters and another bomb tore up the
street in front OF the Indian house.
Slight damage was done in the Morn
ing Post building on the Strand Two
Zeppelins came down low at Shorn-
lighted, killing IA Canadian soldiers.
First Daylight Raid
The first OF the German daylight
raids was June y, 1917. about nine
months after the Germans had found
Zeppelin raids could accomplish moth
ing. The machines approached about
noon. flying low Most OF the dam
age was done in the East End and
South Side. Casualties we're 100
killed and 423 injured. Thousands OF
people gathered in the streets to
watch the machines. not realizing
they were hostile planes until the
bombs began to fail There were Is
enemy machines Liverpool station
was bombed at the end OF the plat
form. q number Of people being killed
in a train Some rails were torn up
and the station roof was damaged
In the Poplar district, farther east. a
bomb fell on 4 school killing many
children The bomb exploded in a
kindergarten room, mutilating s. Of
the children. seven Of whom died,
Total casualties 10 children were 1ZO-
In the second daylight attack. July
Z. 1917. 20 hostile machines took part,
killing 81 people and injuring 1Ss.
The aeroplanes were over the town
for Is minutes. and most OF the dam
age was limited to the area OF mile
about the Bank Of England. The
central telegraph department OF the
general postoffice was struck and the
top stories set afire. Seven or eight
warehouses in Upper Thames street
were damaged Shipping offices in
Leadenhall street we're hit
Few Scars Left.
Practically all then scars left by
Hun bombs have been eradicated. but
one most visitors 20 London see is
on the Thames embanizment. just in
front OF the Hotel Cecil. home Of the
Air ministry which the Germans tried
time and again TO destroy. A large
piece OF the Egyptian plirth was
Clipped off the bomb and a passing
street car put out OF business A
bomb struck the roof Of the Little
theater in the AdelDhi without kill
ing anyone The raid was Septem-
Der Z, 1917. when bombs also hit a
restaurant Just Off the Strand a J.
W c. A. hostel near Oxford Circus
and other places.
Winston Churchill. minister OF mu-
narrowly escaped a bomb
September p. 1877 An aerial torpedo
fell in Green park. shattering win
dOws in the Ritz hotel II the airman
had released his bomb a second earlier
Il certainly would have hit the min
lster Of munitions. A torpedo fell
into the Thames opposite parliament
throwing I'D water SO feet, and a
shell opposite Westminster abbey. but
no damage was done Six people we're
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
Chiefs OfArmy
WOr'yingAbONt
Keeping Forces
Big Army Is Needed, But
Most Men Abroad Must
Be Discharged Soon.

Washington, D. C, Jan i5.-The
war department and congress are now
considering. with considerable worry.
1.-THE problem Of the American army OF
occupation IN Europe. The problem Is
not slmplified by the prospect that
our troops may be required for months
10 come in Austria and Russia, as wen
as IN Germa--y.
Il must be determined what IS nee
essary IN the way OF enlisted strength
in order adequately 70 perform the
duties devolving upon this military
representation OF the United States
II Is believed that this cannot be ap-
probably smaller than the force made
MP OF the organizations that already
have not been scheduled for transpor-
tation back TO this country.
II that IL the case. u becomes
question how this force may be OBJ
tanned and maintained. II has been
suggested that much OF the present
enlisted strength be discharged nt its
present stations IN Europe, with the
idea that those s. no volunteer 10 re-
main viii be kept on foreign duties
and that the others will be brought
home. II g. aurmlsed that the num-
Der electing 20 remain viii be Tar less
than the strength required.
For the most part the men are serv-
ing as volunteers for the duration oil
the war or under the seiectlve draft
service viii expire long before e now
appears Il VIII be possible 10 with
draw the main body OF troops from
places OF occupation In Europe
Congress could extend the draft law,
or Il could enact q new law under
which men could be drafted again at
their present stations as soon as they
are discharged from their present OBJ
legations for military service. Such a
course. however. would lead 20 much
among those classes OF
troops that feel that they are IN the
army FOR the purpose Of fighting only
and want to get back 20 their civil
occupations as soon as possible.
On the other hand. there probably
are many men, both in and out Of the
army that would be willing 20 volun-
teer for military service II they are
assured OF duty in Europe. but the
number Is 50 uncertain that the mil
itary authorities do not feel that Il
can be counted on as reliable factor.
Need Compulsory Service.
Another perpleIing question that
continues to give concern IS how the
permanent army IL to be maintained
at anything Ike the strength deter
mined as necessary-proba5ly about
500, 900 men-after normal peace con-
ditions are reached. and how sufficient
men for a navy or around 200. 900 and
a marine corps OF about 10000 men
are to be secured Unless some sort
OF plan for compulsory service IS rec
commended BY the administration and
by congress the military and
naval authorities DO not see how they
are going II get enough men, for the
various services
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16

n oNDoN. Eng. Jan. IA rigid air
l. ship-Zeppelin tyDe-of 100000
cubic feet capacity, or about three
times as large as any yet constructed.
is a practical proposition. according
20 war office officials. Such an air
ship would possess a total lifting
power Of about $50 tons. The struc-
tural weight. that Is. the gas Ags.
framework. gondolas. engines. oper-
ating machinery, etc, would be not
more than 50 tons. leaving 200 tons
as disposable lift. Only 50 tons would
be required TO make room for the
crew. petrol ballast. etc, leaving $50
tons commercial load which could be
carried
Such an airship could cross the At
lautlc and return and then repeat the
journey without a pause, II weather
were favorable.
Because the British empire Is 50
far flung, the government Is eucOur-
aging development OF aerial commu-
nication for both passengers and light
parcels as a vital necessity. Wire
less stations betting the world also
Will be erected quickly as possible
Before this IS printed a Handley-
Page machine will have flown from
England TO India IN test trip This
is but preliminary TO permanent air
traffic 20 Egypt. India. South Africa
and Austria. Canada likewise viii
be linked up with the mother coun-
try
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
RUSSIANS REWRITING TO
A STATE OF BARBARLSM

London. Ems Jan. 16.-"Russia. that
Is soviet Russia, will revert TO abso-
lutte barbarism within three years II
assistance IS not offered from the out
side" says a British officer who re-
Gently escaped from Russia To the
correspondent Of the Associated Press
he added.
Men and women OF the better
classes, who have lived through the
first year OF Bolshevism, are DOMINIC
peasant garb in self defence and drop
ping into the dull, monotonous village
life There's nothing else for them to
do. Russia will soon be as primitive
as the Congo, II allowed to drift along
under Bolshevik control II Is hope
less to expect leadership in Russia
which win save the country from re-
version 10 mediaeValism- The BoIshe-
Tlk leaders are not strong Opposi-
ton leaders are so weak that Lenine
and his associates seem strong by
comparison. They are merely better
organized than any other group
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
N. Y. CLUB TO ENTERTAIN
VESTS RETURNING TROOPS

New York. Jan. 1s.-The Rocky
Mountain club. Of New York. has been
DESIGNATED as the official reception
board TO receive and entertain west
ern troops returning from overseas.
The club will provide = suitable
Homecoming" show the boys the
sights Of the city and see that they
homes.
An invitation has been sent TO gov
ernor Thomas F. Campbell OF Ari-
zona, offering the clubs services IN
welcoming returning troops from that
state
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
Of
FRENCH PRAISED
Yankee Lieutenant Says
Americans Have Much to
Learn From Them.

DR.. / ]. Bush is IN receipt % let
ter from his nephew Lieut.. Guy Rich,
OF the 87th division, written Thanks
giving day from Anglers. a town IN
southern France.
II reads as follows: I have been
transferred 20 another battalion and
am now stationed in the sunny France
or legendary lore. Truly this day
comes at a time when all hearts are
giving thanks for the restoration OF
peace 10 a war weary world The
evacuation Is going steadily on. but
IL Is a colossal task
Nov that wars grim work is done,
We are having a chance 20 see some
thing OF the social side OF the French
people. All France seems united in
the one thought Of giving pleasure
TO the American soldiers now on her
soil. We have been the recipients Of
many delightful affairs.
True Spirit Of Hospitality.
Theirs Is the true spirit OF hos
pltaMty. We Americans are only
poor imltators. 1t is a pleasure TO
meet the better class OF the French
people. They are a people Of Gull
lure and exquisite taste They are
the type that furnishes the theme for
the stories OF the grandeur Of la
Belle France. ] was q dinner guest
at the house Of a distinguished fam
ily Of this city last evening and, al
French was a handicap, / never spent
a more delightful evening. Our hos
tess was a charming madam OF so
years The guests were two French
officers. another American officer
and myself The dinner was spleu-
didly cooked and beautifully served
and was followed by g variety Of
choice wines Next came coffee and
cocoa Another function which 7 en-
joyed was concert for the benefit OF
the French Red Cross. -Four Ameri-
can officers with four French off
numbers we met an equal number Of
French women whom we assisted in
funds
A French social Custom.
such are the customs here that
men do not sit with the women
them between the acts. A French
gentiewomau never goes out IN
with q man o. receives
him without the presence Of her
mother. II is a matter o. tradition
The reputation Of ones forebears
Is not g matter OF money. bit OF
breeding ones gentility Is deter
mined By ones family. The boorish-
ness which cnaracreriZes many OF the
socalled better class Of our own couu-
Try is entirely absent here
The French are so polite that Il is
said that in former years. when duel
ing was In vogue. a Frenchman would
always apologize % his antagonist.
after having run him through with
his rapler on the field OF honor That
may be carrying politeness to the eZ-
treme. but I often think that II our
money mad and money worshipping
were imbued with a little
more OF IL. We would be the better.
Anyway. the war, cruel and brutal as
II has been. viii rebound TO the good
Of both nations. and win knit Us very
close 10 France for All future time"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
BRIG. GEN. HARTMAN IS
ORDERED TO ARIZ. DISTRICT

san Antonio. Tex, Jan. 15.-Brig.
Gen. ]. D. L Hartman, who command
ed the second and third civilian train
Ing camps at Leon Springs and who
has recently been in command at
Camp Macarthur. has been ordered
TO report to the commanding general
Of the Arizona district. according to
an announcement al southern depart
ment headquarters.
Gen Hartman Is already well known
along the Arizona border district
Prior TO taking command OF the train
ing camp at Leon Springs, he was col
onel In command OF the nth cavalry
and also served as commander OF the
Arizona district at Douglas. Arfz.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
Got III Eggs
Instead of 8
SAYS ONE sURsCRIBER


Any poultry raiser can easily dou-
BILE his profits by doubling the egg
production OF his hens. a scientific
tonic has been discovered that re-
vitalizes the flock and makes hens
work all the time. The tonic is called
More Eggs" Give your hens a few
cents worth OF More Eggs" and you
will be amazed and delighted with
results. A dollars worth Of More
Eggs" will double this years pro-
duction OF eggs. so II you wish to try
this great profit maker. write E. ].
Refer, poultry expert. 29S Main
street. Kansas City. No. who will
send you q package OF More EGGS"
Tonic for S1.00 (prepaid). So conf
dent IS Mr.. Refer OF the results that
million dollar bank guarantees II
you are not absolutely satisfied, your
dollar will be returned on request,
and the More Eggs- costs you moth
ing. Send 3 dollar today, or send
1915 and get 3 regular 800 packages
on special discount for a full sea-
sons supply, or AJAX Mr. Refer for his
free poultry book that tells the ex-
perienco OF q man who has made a
fortune out Of poultry.
One subscriber says. More EgEs'
increased ny supply from 2 to IL
sEEGS
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
REAL NAVY MAN
COWS HUN CREW
English officer Scares the
MUtinous Men Of German
Surrendered Shin.

London, Eng Jan l5.-lCorres-
non6ence OF TIE Associated Press).-
one British naval officer showed a
German naval captain how 70 handle
his undisciplined sailors, during the
surrender Of the German warships to
ire allied fleet off the Firth OF Forth.
u IS related that when the British
officer boarded a German battleship
70 make the official examination he
found numbers Of German sailors
about in the captains lobby and some
Of them making themselves very
much al home in the captains cabin
Many were wearing armlets Inscribed
~soidsten und Arbeiter." Indicating
their allegiance 10 the Soldiers and
Workers councils which brought
about the revolution
You VIII need no explanation, sir,
FOR my presence here, said the Ger
alan captain auproa ching the Eng
liHlman. You see how things are
You win please converse with me
in your own language, replied the
British officer. returning the salute
You VIII also order these men out OF
these quarters. before we do anything
what Fould be the good TO com
mand them" asked the German
Gets Results.
Very well snapped the Britlsher
as ne swung around. Look here, you
men" he Numbered in German IF /
have any more OF this insubordina-
tho. III put all OF you IN Irons At
-euti0n-
Ererv man sprEnE TO his feet
Cigars and cigarets disappeared and
the talking ceased
Pail ir there" ordered the British
er And you'-he indicated a petty
officer-'y0u take these men away.
and clear the lobby too. See that
they behave themselves or III know
the reason why Thatu do. Garry on"
The petty officer stiffened. saluted
and raped out a word OF command I
In e moment the cabin was cleared.
View said the English command |
er. III give you your orders.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
GOV. ALLEN SAYS CASUALTY
RECORDS SHOULD BE KNOWN

Kansas City. No. Jan 1s.-Gover-
nor Henry J. Allen. OF Kansas. in an
address last night. declared that the
records OF the war department at
Washington should by now contain
a fun record OF casualties and actions
participated In BY American soldiers
in France, and. II this Is so. the rec
ords should he made public, and II
there are not such records available.
there should be an Investigation made
Immediately. Governor Allen said the
casualty list has been "distressingly
slow" in coming IN. but by this time
IL should all have been received.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-01-16
42,3U Casualties
Among u. S. Arny's
Mules and Horses

Washington. D. c.. Jan. 1s.-Ani-
mai casualties overseas had
reached a total OF 42.311 on Christ
mas day. at which time the total
American animal army in France
was 1851 In making public
these figures today. war depart
ment officials said no arrange
ments had been made for transfer
ring the stock on hand TO foreign
governments. but that this must be
considered later as the army had
enough horses and mules In this
country 70 meet all requirements.