davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Satisfies Wilson's
Original Programme

Despite many compromises, some
large and some insignificant, each uues-
ton has been settled in such fashion
as to be accepted by him as satisfying
his original programme. But many of
the settlements have been, in fact, no
more than q postponement of solution
Tor q considerable number of years, as,
for example, the Saar coal region ques-
non, will only be decided by q plebis-
cite fifteen years hence; and one could
multiply the number Of Illustrations
OF this sqrt. Moreover, in the case of
Poland. the solution arrived at is Of
such precarious nature that Poland,
unsustained by the league of nations,
which has created the Polish frontiers
could not maintain herself against
Germany.
Now, having thus imposed in very
large measure an American settle
ment upon Europe, having compelled
each Of the nations of Europe who
were associated with Us in war against
Germany to surrender its own views.
not as 10 its opportunities to realize
imperiaistic ambitions, but its neces-
sites to provide securities against fut-
ure aggression, Mr.. Wilson has logi-
cally and naturally recognized the
need Of supplying to these associates
or rather to the one peculiarly i'm
perined, France-a measure Of Sc
curity to replace those surrendered at
his demand in the interests Of the
league of nations.
To put the thing simply: Mr Wilson
conceived that if France should oc-
cupy the left bank of the Rhine per
manently, which alone would enable
France unassisted to defend herself
against German attack; If France
should annex the Saar coal region,
which would alone insure compensa-
ton for French material losses during
the war, these two actions might
create new cause for war in Europe
which would make the league of ma
tions no more than an empty dream,
as impotent as The Hague tribunal,
when Germany should become strong
again
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
VIII See Much of
Territory Occupied

Ne shall then have, for period of
fifteen years az least, the p~eserva-
ion of some portion Of the state OF
ssr against Germany which existed
after August, 1914, For these years
Germany will see much of her Terri
cry occupied She VIII be compelled
Tot only 10 pay large sums Of money,
sut she viii be subject TO many re-
'.rzints totally different from condi-
Hcas preceding The war.
hwould be inaccurate 70 regard Ger
many during the period fixed for the
performance O. the terms OF peace as
anything more than conquered enemy
'ula1lng the terms OF the treaty OF
reaes. Il only because no. 70 perform
them would bring down upon her at
ance military and naval, as well as
economic pressure During fifteen
!esrs, then, there can be no question
af German acceptance Of the decision
made by the conference Of Paris, or
any Trustworthy entrance OF Germany
INTO the league Of nations, which is at
sae tina an organization fer interna-
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Deputy Creenbalsn,
Calls Ii a "Legend''

The proclamation of General
Listowski, which was but repeti-
ton of the version of the Pinsk
tragedy that was sent out by the
Polish telegraphic agency, the Off
cial press bureau of the Polish gov
ernment, was answered by the Jew
ish Deputy Greenbaum, who de-
clarcd the official press agency's
statement to be but another of the
legends" about Jews with which
the Polish masses have been con-
sistently fed. Deputy Greenbaum's
reply said, in part:
"sinco the beginning Of the war the
Jews of Poland have been suffering
from legends spread about them. a
whole book could be filled with such
legends. There is, for instance, the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

legend that appeared early in the war
about Jews standing in q basement,
face to the wall, apparently praying
but in reality telephoning to the Ger
mans. There is the legend about Jews
who crossed over into Germany in
aeroplanes. There is the legend about
gold being taken to the cemetery in
coffins. Those legends which were
play to the common peoples magma
tions had cost the Jews much blood
suffering and persecution. Early in
the war the press bureaus of the Rus
sian military powers used these
legends for their purposes. The revo-
luton in Russia has put sn end to
these legends there. But in Poland
they live. They not only live, but
they are fostered, semi officially fos-
tered, whenever it is necessary to ex-
plain away something unpleasant, a
crime, an atrocity. 1t was so
in the case of the Lemberg pogrom.
1t is so now in the case of Pinsk. A
new legend is being invented-a
legend about BoIshevist conspiracy.
Read the official communication about
the Pinsk massacre and the element of
legend about it is clear and palpable.
Everything in these communications is
SO fantastic. Here it is certain, here
it is uncertain, as in legend. A Boil
shevist conspiracy is supposed to have
taken place; the soldiers were fred
upon, One seems to know exactly
whero and when they were shot at. ami
tho perpetrators of the deed were
caught. Who were caught? Zionists.
And after they are shot they are Boil
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Massacre Of 81 Jews al Pinsk

soldiers in the whole city. Once
these men were arrested they were
like white elephant on the hands
of the city's commander, Major
Luczynski He did not know what
to do with them. He did not have
guards enough to hold them. And
so he did what Polish officers had
been doing all along in the foreign
territories they occupy. He resorted
to terrorism. He ordered thirty
seven men shot. The automobile
with mounted machine guns was to
make up for the want Of soldiers"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Continued from preceding page


Iaess vas begun an offensive in the
Las, TO take the most important
s-rategic points and 70 scatter the
noishevist bands which were rowing IN
'as vicinity Of Clanitchin-P Pakh aronsk.
Wen our military was pushing 20 the
eas. Of Jasoldi, leaving but a small
ssrsson In Pinsk. it appeared that
'as Polish sections are surrounded by
Treason. The detachment Of Lieuten-
sn' Zametchek, being traitorously sur
s'anded, suffered great losses and
Lieutenant Zametchek himself was
S'iied II Was sufficient that thls
as"a should reach pinsk through the
secret Bolsheyist net. and in the city
S1oSs out Bolsheviet rebellion which
aaa Tor ~ object 10 slaughter the
mail Polish garrison. destroy the
sA'ifoad line, take possession OF the
.~i"ay station, making impossible re-
uest, and thus take our detachment
DetWecn two fires
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Germans World League
PIun Is Made Public
Provides for Universal Dis
armament orssI Relations
LeaGIing to Free Trade
Ne1c York T'ribune
Foreign Press Bureau


An extract of the German govern
ment's draft of a league of nations
constitution is published in THE Lon
don Tines for April 28 The article
says that the scheme unites all the
powers, new and old, who took part in
the war, all the neutrals who we're
members Of the Hague Tribunal, the
Holy See and any other powers who
may obtain a two-thirds majority to
form congress Of nations, each mem
ber, great or small, having equal rights.
1t also arranges for world parlia-
ment, consisting at first of members
of the parliaments Of powers consti-
tuting the league, and afterward to
include representatives. Of trade unions,
chambers of commerce and other or
CARNATIONS representing trades, pro-
fessions and industries. 1t provides
for:
Universal disarmament, carried out
so as to leave only the absolute min
imum for projections
The rights of minorities, within the
areas Of the contracting powers;
A world colonial Office for the ad-
ministration of colonies not yet capa-
ble of independence;
International arrangements for equal
izing the conditions OF labor;
Freedom Of traffic on the high seas
and in the waters and harbors Of all
the contracting powers;
Right Of free travel throughout the
countries of the league for all tourists;
No restrictions on cables or wireless
telegraphy;
The most favored nation clause to
have universal application within the
league;
Through transport facilities to be
unrestricted
All the contracting powers to bind
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

eral days and distances apart are
strung together as If they had hap
rened on the same day and in the
same place. That is not the way
to explain the summary shooting of
thirty-seven mon without giving
them hearing"
Another American conversant
with the situation at Plnsk first
hand in commenting on Listowski's s
statement illumined the Pinsk
tragedy by giving me some exact
figures of the number Of soldiers the
Polish general staff maintained in
the city Of Pinsk on the day of the
massacre. He said
"For several days prior to April
5 the Poles were suffering humillat-
ing defeats at the hands of the Boil
shevist forces. They. simply had not
enough soldiers to match the Boil
shcvist troops. So hard pressed
were they on the front that they re-
duced the small garrison as Cen
eral Listowski calls it, which was
holding Pinsk, a city Of some thirty
thousand people, to only thirty-two
soldiers. AS the defeats of the
Polish troops were becoming more
humiliating and decisive officers and
men were infuriated on the one hand
and in a panic Oh the other. 70 ar
rest one hundred citizens at one
stroke was Il great mistake, but il
was greater mistake to arrest them
when there were only thirty-two
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Couldn't Ask France
To Sacrifice Security

In this situation, therefore, the Brit
ism and Americans were bound to take
heed of the French contention. 1t was
unfair, it was impossible, to ask France
to sacrifice security, her own securitv.
on the mere hope that the league of
nations might prove what all men hoped
1t would be, but few men were able to
believe 1t would be. The United
States, with 5000 miles Of sea separat-
ing it from Europe; Great Britain. with
the Channel forbidding invasion, could
not ask France, with an open frontier
toward the Germans, to refrain from
giving this frontier it's strongest pos
siblc form in the interests of the An
glo-SaXon experiment, which was the
league of nations,, without giving
France an assurance that if the expert
ment did not work the total cost would
not. be paid by France, that German
armies would not again come down to
the very outskirts Of Paris before real
aid arrived
Moreover, second consideration had
Importance. The view is still strongly
held in Europe that had Germany be-
lieved in the crisis Of 1914 that Great
Britain would enter the war if she
attacked France or invaded Belgium
she would not have begun the war.
Certainly the results of the conflict
have demonstrated that the entrance Of
Great Britain promptly and Of the
United States ultimately into the strug-
gle made German victory impossible
and resulted IN the present crushing
disaster.
Therefore. it is believed and argued
that were Germany convinced in ad-
vance that an attack upon France
would mean q new war with Great
Britain and the United States she
would not venture upon such gamble.
More than this, recognition Of this fact
would contribute largely to preventing
the growth in Germany Of a new policy
cf aggression and Of militarism, and
Germany, finding herself confronted
with the certainty of finding three
great nations in arms if she should
wantonly attack one Of them, would lay
aside the policy Of war, the idea of
militarism, the gospel of Prussianism,
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
1e New Alliance a Guarantee of the League
france Looks TO q. S.
10 Execute The Treaty
Copyright. 1913. New York rr,hun. !
Neto York Tribune
Special Cable Service


Copyright New York; rnc)
AXIS May 24French financial that the final
and determining which will Signature
OF he treaty IS the fact that signing to main
tain the unity OF Germany 1t present gov
ernent does not will be rnathatcav certain
signal Tor the creation of Rhenis Bavaran republics
eah ready TO treat separately with hoping thereby to
throw on PRUSSIA the chief
french expect that the party ultimately bring about
the Signature in the belief will be gained bv eennp
germany united than would be lost treaty.
AeaWhlIe new phase of Franco
heralded by the growing realization of the French that a will
nnd Impossible to the treaty without the
Oe0 0aeS Inns new slstence of the value
porance OF uninterrupted American
ar adsslon that Germany attempts treaty
would be absurd for France eernay sabre with the
nope that would be effective The
PRESSURE and the French ask themselves be possible
unless the United States takes part
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Everything Toe Lofe,'
Says 'Vossiche Zeitung'
Mem York Tri5rll,.


An article in the "Vossiche Zei-
tung' warns the scheidemann govern
ment that if it would prevent the ruin
of Germany it must satisfy the viii OF
the people by more active steps
towards socialization than meetings of
commissions behind closed doors and
the Finance Minister'S juggling with
the old kind Of taxes. "Whether it be
right or wrong. socialization is the
will OF the German people The ar
ticle continues:
"The people require deeds and not
soft words. 1t is to be hoped that it
is not already too late There are
plenty Of examples that should serve
as warnings. The people were told too
late as to the real position Of the war
The overtures for peace were made
too late. The abdication OF the Kaiser
came too late. The present Govern
ment gave place in the Constitution
to the Council Of Workers too late.
Attempts at socialization were pre-
scribed too late as sedatives for strik-
ers. The people itself has been too
late TO recognize that the government
and the National Assembly are unable
to prevent civil var"
The article advocates an immediate
naturalization of ali raw materials
and means of production, the forma-
ton Of a state credit system, the as
surance to the people that the era Of
private exploitation is over, and at the
same time d warning TO the people
that the hours Of work cannot be in
definitely reduced and the rate Of
wages raised. Germany must work for
her own salvation and for the liquida-
ton OF The indemnities that she Will
have 10 pay, but TO get her 10 90 this
she must realize that she IS no longer
working to enrich the private proateer.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Italian Concessions
Would Not Be Realized

Italian concessions, if there be any,
to Jugo- -Slavia will not be realized,
since the Italians will rightly recognize
the possibility Of German advance to
Trieste and the Adriatic, with Jugo-
Slav assistance. All the various com
promises based upon the idea that
justice in the settlement would be sus-
tained by the solidarity of the coun-
tries making up the league of nations
would disappear. Euroke would make
a new settlement-in fact, settle
ment based upon the old necessities
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Right TO Repel
Aggression Proposed

Every state has the right to repel
armed aggression by its own efforts
without waiting fer the action OF the
league.
These proposals." comments "The
Times" "if they had been put forward
by Germany in the plenitude OF her
power, and with record of forty years
of peace. might have been judged un-
practical, but would have deserved and
received the most respectful consider
alton. Coming from Germany in her
present position. they appear only as
an attempt on the part Of a detected
criminal to escape the consequences OF
his crimes.
According to "The Times" the Ger
man press, almost without exception.
choruses approval, praising the truly
democratic nature of the German
scheme, the inclusion of all the powers,
the equality of great and small, the
scientific pacifsm inspiring its pro-
visions, and contrasting it with the bu-
reaucratic, one sided, and temporizing
league of the Allies. The ''Tacliche
Rundschau,' however, says that the
PRONUNCIATION of the scheme is onlv
another instance of the manner in
which the present government Of Ger
many has lost the sense of actuality
which guided the policy of Bismarck
1t points out with unusual clarity that
the scheme of the Allies is in fact
compromise between what they might
regard as theoretically perfect league
and their conviction that it is still
necessary to secure the world against
Germany. Under such conditions the
German proposals viii receive no con-
sideration. and it declines even to be
at the pains to compare them in detail
with the proposals of the Allies The
"Deutsche Tageszeiting" takes a SINH
lar view.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

and old considerations. But this would
mean within certain period a new
war, and new war would not fail to
involve the United States.
To-day the United States has PLAYED
the decisive role in Paris. President
Wilson's influence has on the whole.
despite temporary fluctuations, been
the strongest single influence in the
conference. The war gave to our coun-
try a position hardly paralleled in
modern history. Its possession of the
financial and material resources Of the
world enabled it to speak with au
thority and compel the nations associ-
ated With US in the war to bow to that
voice. The treaty of peace which has
been made has been framed almost
uniquely with the idea of satisfying
President Wilson's demands-demands
which were based lpon his conception
that world peace could only be assured
by the creation Of league of nations
based upon just settlement
But President Wilson has recognized
as all reasonable men must, that the
settlement thus imposed carries with it
responsibilities, and he has recognized
these responsibilities in his pledge to
present to Congress proposal that the
United States shall agree to come to the
aid Of France if she is attacked, now
that she has been rendered substan-
TALLY offenceless by being deprived of
her military frontiers IN order to con-
form to Mr.. Wilson's ideas.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Foe Must Join TO
Make 1t Effective

More than this, it is patent that the
league >of nations VIII be- no more than
an alliance OF the nations which have
defeated Germany, in which the va
rious neutrals of the last war may en-
ter, until such time as Germany and
her allies become voluntary members,
accepting its principles in the spirit in
which they have been framed. But it
IS impossible, as I have pointed out, for
a period Of at least fifteen years, dur
ing which some measure Of a condition
Of war win subsist and Germany will
be under duress and constraint
If, therefore, the structure of the
league Of nations is to be preserved, it
can only be preserved by some such
guarantees as an Anglo-French-Amer-
lean pledge would constitute Nothing
IS more possible than that Germany
will seek to escape from the payment
Of reparations fixed by the treaty Of
Versailles. Nothing is more certain
than that she will seek to erect an
alliance in Europe composed Of Aus
tria, Of Hungary, Of Bulgaria and Of
Russia. To this alliance she will en-
deavor to add any people which finds
itself dissatisfied with the decisions
taken at Paris. She will seek to enlist
the Italians, if they are dissatisfied
with the Fiume settlement
II the Italians are satisfied, she viii
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
# This Proposal Is Rejected by Congress,
France May Keep Her Armies
ON the Rhine

tional peace and the association OF her
victors for application of the terms Of
the Treaty of Versailles.
Now, the precise purpose OF the asso-
citation between Great Britain and
France is manifest Mr.. Wilson, rep
resenting his country, has come to
France. He has been the most con-
spicuous and most influential personal
ity in the peace conference. He has
imposed upon Europe his fourteen
points, which have become the basis of
the peace settlement.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
France Insists on
The Rhine Frontier

Marshal Foch and every French sol
der has expressed the opinion, equally
held by American and British soldiers.
that France can defend herself against
Germany only if she possesses the
Rhine frontier militarily. The same
authorities have held that German dis
armament, provided for in the treaty
of peace, can be realized only by eff
fective Allied supervision OF German
military affairs inside of Germany.
President Wilson has demanded that
France lay aside both these essential
conditions of safety in the interest of
the success Of the league Of nations.
France has consented to do these
things, but only on condition that, in
place Of the guarantee Of the Rhine
frontier and the supervision of the
military establishment Of Germany,
there shall stand the assured aid of the
United States if France be attacked.
If this should be refused l do rot be-
ieve the Rhine will be evacuated; l do
not believe that the league of nations
experiment would be made on the Con-
tinent, and I am satisfied that within
the briefest time q new system Of alli-
ances would spring up and all the
hopes expressed in the league Of ma
tions would disappear
Enthusiastically this was the convic
tion of Mr.. Wilson when he gave his
undertaking to NJ. Clemenceau Such
are the European facts affecting the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Refugees Story
OF 4 fer ihe Traced.

A single refugee from Pinsk, who
managed to make his way TO War
saw despite the ban put by the mill
tary authorities upon the city after
The tragedy, which prohibited any
one from leaving or entering, gave
the following sccount of the disposal
Of the dead on the morning after the
shooting:
"fs is not possible to go In the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
bolshcpiss Raid
1iren as Cause

ALREADY On April 8 an organized
sAa armed BolshevIst band threw IT,
's't on the Polish military, wounding
saf soidisrs. Only the quick orienta~
a'h 81 Major Luczynski and the
.fstszie taking Of several points in
80 city prevented the union of the
gangs Of rebels and made IL pos
Sas ~ strange at the very beginning
:. pians "f the IRRESPONSIBLE bands.
Aas quick d'ssrnins Of tho xana and
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

themselves against commercial war;
Special trade conventions between
individual members of the league not
to be forbidden, but TO be such Els to
lead toward free world trade.
If member of the league refuses to
comply with decision Of the league
or of its formally appointed authority,
then the whole league must use COM
pulsion, by breaking off diplomatic re-
lations, by reducing or stepping com-
mercial relations or by military steps.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25
Explanation s'Shabby, -
says an american

a copy Of this statement Of Cen
cral Listowski was read by one Of
the American military officials at
Warsaw. He was asked what he
thought Of the Polish generals state
mcnt as an explanation Of the
shooting at pinsls. The American
officer replied:
"The statement is shabby. That is
the most charitable thing you can
say about it. An American officer
would never submit such a state
fneft. Events which happened sey-
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

Anglo French American agreement
which is not All alliance in any old
fashioned sense but is in reality no
more than guaranteeing the league OF
nations against dangers which are OBJ
vious, so ovbious that without the guar
antee the league of nations cannot en-
dure
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

shevists. The Impression of the whole
is cloudy and uncertain. After read
ing the official statement ore does nos
begin to know what happened there
These are all the earmarks of legend.
In legend e&actness, facts, detail play
no role. The thing aimed at is gem
eral imnressiou" "
New-York tribune., 1919-05-25

Of nations possible, the result would be
ruin for France, if France had to bear
the burden Of attack alone; and what
WAS said for France could be said
with exactly the same accuracy for
Relriurn