davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
The Subway Day Shift

~ It'll the not overclean hand of
w burly man resting ON one
shoulder, the other weighed
down by the sharp elbow of tall, dissi-
rated Youth reeking with cigarette
fumes; faced by a short, chunky, ga
he-breathing male whose every lurch
sends Mary back into the embrace of
negro stevedore--
No; this is not tale of panic IN
burning building or on board a sinking
vessel 1t Is realistic description of
conditions on the a. the subway, the
surface car, morning and night in which
your Mary and my Kate must travel be-
tween home and office, factory or store
Norritied, you determine that your
Mary shall not leave on an early train
hereafter; she can secure a position with
shorter hours-10 to 6, which calls for
only seven and one-half hours work. SO
Mary finds the ideal place'-and her
travel conditions remain UNCHANGED. ex
cept that the negro stevedore's embrace
Is exchanged for that of leerng "of
fec lizard"
The horrors of TRANSFORMATION cannot
be alleviated by such sinnle exned;en+
aS leaving for the office an hour later
ana coming home an hour earlier. for
thousands OF workers thought of that
00"eme years ago; the overcrowding
cannot De ended by the building of more
sUo"ays' for of their building there is
IL end yet the opening of each new
artery Of traffic finds the came mass &c
humanity waiting to overcrowd it's cars
Segregation of the sexes has been suv-
Rested as partial remedy, but-do YOU
notice the large number of males occu-
pying seats in the ladies cabins Of
fcrryboats?
There is but one remedy for the truly
shocking transportation state into which
Manhattan Islands shape and the dec-
SIN Of Business to remain at its south
ern end have brought us: three eight
noar shifts IN every trad, and business
which would prosper Under continuous
operation. And the two shifts the
hours Of which would bring them within
TIE night-work classification should be
open TO women. who suffer more from
transportation evils than do men.
Revolutionary as this may seem, the
suggestion IS based on sound common
sense Cougider the case Of your Mary.
Tor instance She leaves the house at 8
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
Women Sacrifice Health
To Duty

1.-The working girls who express their
approval of these bills have more IN
telligepce than Mrs Batch gives them
credit for having. Mrs. Batch says that
the poor little working girl is duped by
the promise that things will be made
right for her-that all the hard work will
be done by men, and yet that she is
to receive as much pay as the men
workers. These girls know very we'll
what they are about They have worked
under the conditions of no protection
and inadequate protection and they have
not been lured with false promises by
any one in the approval of this legis-
lation
Mrs. Batch seems to forget that
working women have home duties and
cares which working men do not have
and therefore, for the welfare of their
children they require special protection.
Women who work at night and MANY
a working woman does prefer to work
at night because of her family duties.
overwork themselves because they attempt
to take the entire responsibility of feed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

not only to the working men and women
themselves, but result in greater indus
trial efficiency and betterment of the
race Corporations which have been
forced to adopt the eight-hou day, or
have done so voluntarily, have discov-
cred that they obtain more and better
work in eight hours than they formerly
obtained in ten hours
"The last thing that working men or
women want is competition between the
sexes. What labor has been suffering
from is too much competition: women
Such competition lowers standards and
Injuries all alike. The laboring people
of this country, as we'll as of the state,
are standing together for equal oppor-
tunity for men and women and for paw
to be based, not on sex, but on the needs
of life for the worker.
'No one can question the fact that
this programme is the official legislative
programme Of the organized labor of
the state, which also represents the
masses of unorganized labor which has
no spokesman to voice its demands"
Miss Mary E. Dreier, chairman of the
Women's Joint Legislative Conference,
in answer to Mrs. Batch, says:
Ever since women entered industry
they have been paid less than men for
the same work. Since the war, women
have entered industry in great numbers.
Because Of the necessity of increasing
production during the war, the trade
union men who control these industries
permitted the women to work with them
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

without joining the union. Most of these
women did as much work as the men
beside whom they toiled The output of
many of them was even greater than
that Of the men, yet most of the women
workers got from 2 cents to 10 cents
an hour less than the men were paid
for the same work
because women workers are made
quately organized, they have been a prey
to exploitation. They have been forced
into unfair competition with the men,
working longer hours for less pay and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

the Elght-Hour Day. Health Insurance
and three bills for the protection of
women transportation workers, elevator
operators and Office workers.
Tn reply to an interview with Mrs.
Blatch in The Tribune of january -,
the conference maintains that:
T. Working women want the laws.
The bills were drawn up by the
Womon's Trade Union League. repre-
scnting women workers.
>. Working men want the laws. The
bills are backed by the State Federation
of Labor and endorsed by the newly
formed Labor party.
g. The state needs the laws to protect
the coming generation.
T. The Womcn's Joint Legislative
Conference, including the Women's
Trade Union League, the Consumers
League of the city and state, the New
J DIRK League of Women Workers, the
:. W. c. A., the New York State Suf
frase party and the State Federation
Of Women's Clubs. has undertaken to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

ultimately obtain them through their
unions and through legislation But if
we wish the health of the coming gener-
alton to be unimpaired, the state must
step in now at this juncture, and provide
sanitary working conditions for women,
shorter hours for women and such other
protection as may be necessary 1t is
because we are taking broad, human
point of view on these questions that
we have sponsored this legislation and
wish to get it now, before the health
of the mothers Of the race suffer beyond
repair.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

the Baksa girl who rented the room and
left in it the clothes described; but that
little hat played an absurdly prominent
part in the evidence and had no place
there for weight.
Every man who heard the evidence
looked greatly mpressed-surely there
was no doubt about it, the Baksa girl
had owned cheap little Tam OShanter
hat, and that was the kind of hat aban-
doned in the room few blocks from
where the murder was committed
But every woman who heard the evi-
dence knew that that little hat was of
the manufactured kind, and that
thousands of the same sort had been
sold i'll New York to all kinds of girls.
10 women it proved nothing.
Old Tricks Must Go
There was a lot of attention paid, also.
to the number on pain of old shoes and
the number on a new pair, when every
woman knows that a foot clothed in q
narrow last No. shoe may be comfort
ably slowed into a wide last No. 3.
In the case of woman tried on a
charge of arson in another state a great
appeal was made to the jury because the
woman had suffered so from S'an accusa-
ton cruelty false that her hair turned
entirely white' in the three months She
spent In Jail before her trial But every
woman IN the courtroom knew that the
color previously used on the hair had not
been fast and that Time, unassisted
by Injustice, had worked the change to
be expected.
1t is conceded there are many things
men know which women will never get
acquainted WITH but there are also LONG
depended on lines of argument which will
now 90 into the discard if women serve
on juries. There will have to be a read
Justment of plans and specifications
when it becomes correct to address the
ladies Of the jury
While the accusation of too much
"maudlln sentiment" has ALWAYS been
made against women, there stand out in
the record of events certain trials where
the verdict set at liberty very handsome
and charming women accused of violent
crime and it has to be conceded that the
altman jury was unduly influenced bv
the aforesaid charm and loveliness of the
accused. SO it would seem that iurv
women may not be more sentimentallv
emotional than men. And if they are to
serve as check upon the male weakness
tor beauty what will poor lawyer do to
earn million or two fee in certain SEN
sational cases?
Perhaps there has never beer real APP
preclatlon of the development Of the
judicial instinct in women. who have had
to Judge every day the little folks who
are to be the citizens of tomorrow; the
call upon every mother and every teach
err to learn to be fair and to judge only
after full understanding of all sides of
case. and to look for that intent"
winch IS so important in the legal def
milton of crimes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
Calls This a Half Loaf
For Women

"If we cannot yet have an eight-hour
day for all workers, we should at least
insist upon the half loaf for women.
upon whom long hours lay the heaviest
penalty in lost health and vitality.
employers do not pay women less
money because they work less hours or
because they do inferior work, but
merely because they are women, without
the power of organization behind them.
II know a big machine shop in Brook
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
What Rose Schneidernann
Says About 1t

The following statement was made by
Miss Rose Schneidermann, president Of
the Women's Trade Union League:
"The legislative programme Of the
w r. U. l.. was formulated at the legis-
lative conference called by the league
in New York, June 7, 1913. At this con-
ference were representatives from all
the women's trade unions in the city,
comprising 10000 working women.
These unions were:
''The Ladies Waist and Dressmakers
of New York City, Local 25.
"The Packers, Turner's and Boxers
Union
''The Neckwear Hackers Union.
"The Neckwear Makers Union
'The White Goods Workers Union.
"The Wrapper and Kimono Makers
Union.
"The Typographical Union No. 6.
"The Fancy Feather and Flower
Workers Union.
''The Library Employees Union.
The Costume Dressmakers Union
"The Teachers Union.
"The Woman Upholsterers Union.
THE Bookkeepers, Stenographcrs and
Accountants Union.
"The Central Federated Union of New
York City and the Central Federated
Union of Brooklyn, both of which in
clude women and men in their member
ship.
''The programme which the working
women drew up at that time was en-
dorsed by the State Federation of Labor
at its convention in Rochester, last
August, and WAS included in Labor's Bill
of Rights
AT the conference of the Womens
Trade Union League the questions of
night work for women and long hours,
with consequent fatigue and breaking
down of health, were thoroughly dis
cussed 1t was recognized that laws
limiting the hours of womens labor
might njure few, yet the benefit which
such limitation would give the vast
majority of workers., and the betterment
of general social conditions which the
passage of these bill, would effect would
far outbaance the hardships which a
few women would undergo as a result
of being thrown out Of employment be
cause of these laws
Corporations Favor
Such Changes
'Ihe benefits of the shorter day come
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
''LadieS Of the Jurv'

qulred veneer, and he was considerably
bored But when it was time for his
argument he arose with a determination
to show the extent of his intellectual at
tainments to those farmers who remem-
bered him in sWaddling Clothes
He commenced: Far over the waters
of the deep blue sea a golden moon
climbed the star-studded''
And an old fellow in the jury box
reached out the curved end Of many
notched limb he used for walking cane,
hooked the youth back into his seat and
declared in stage whisper: "You're all
balled up, sonny; this is er case er hawg
steain'"
That young lawyer with the native
gift of oratory, who became known later
as master at the art of fence and parry
with polished wits, in this his first case
failed to take into consideration the per-
sonnet of his jury.
All these years, by textbook and by
word of mouth handed down, lawyers
have been learning to read juries. In the
course of time and practice it is possible
to Go fairly good job of character read
ing-that Is, reading Of the material
which has been filing into jury boxes
without variation for years. But no.
where in the great law libraries of the
world nor in the memory of man is there
to be found any sort of guide for the
poor counsellor and attorney at law in
his diagnosis when he must address a
panel as Ladies of the jury"
Now Come the Women
Along with their right to vote. women
IN some of the Western states have had
the right to serve ON juries, but these
progressive helpmates of man have been
so busy with just one reform after an
other for the benefit of women and chill
dren. that they have not issued anv hand
books on the behavior of jury women And
now New York faces the innovation. bv
reason of a bill prepared for legislative
enactment by the Brooklyn Womens Bar
Association, and the cross-eyed tactics
won't be worth anything any more, for
women have sixth sense" which will
enable them to look both ways at once.
AS the most ordinary events and
things go to make up evidence it will no
longer be possible to profit by the one
sided knowledge of men. Take an in
stance in the recent Baksa trial. where
a country girl was accused of the muir
der OF a woman who kept boarding
house where she had lived A lot of time
was taken to show that certain cheap
little Tam O'Shanter hat had been worn
by the accused. The same described hat
was worn by a girl who later rented an
other room and then went off and left
hef effects, including the hat, in the
room and disappeared. There was other
evidence to establish the fact that it was
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

under conditions detrimental to their
health
"Instead of forcing women out of
work and blocking their chances for
equal pay, these bills will remove unfair
competition with men and aid in forcing
employers to give women equal pay for
equal work.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
BY GRACE PHELPS

Legislative Representative Of Womcns
Joint Legislative Conference
H ECAUSE it believes that special
laws are needed by the working
women of this state, the
Women's Joint Legislative Conference,
which is backed by the largest womens
organizations of New York State, is
undertaking to put through this session
of the Legislature six bills for their
protection.
These bills are the Minimum Wage,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

VA HEN lawyer faces the jury
w which is to decide his or her
case consideration has been
given all the strong points developed by
the evidence and it's legal effect then
comes guess as to The personnel of the
particular group staring across the low
railing which fences off the jury box.
know thyself' is perfectly useless in
junction to the lawyer at that moment,
but Know thy jury is nightly ilnpor-
tant
About the most dsheartenng thing
lawyer experiences is the sometimes
wooden indifference of totally unemo-
tional jury-it is like talking to hole in
the Wall. But if only one of the twelve
has real heart and open mind, takes a
human interest in what is going on
and asks question or two, there seems
some hope of a just verdict. Twelve
absolutely stolid unimaginativc persons
could not be just in their conclusions re-
duced to one brief verdict about affairs
or individuals Of this everyday world.
When the cause is a righteous one
counsel for one side tries to hammer
home the fact, but as there are two sides
presented, it is safe to assume somebody
is trying to blur the vision of the iurv
so that wrong will look right and truth
fade into nothingness. That is the rea
son very old practitioners declare "the
only hope of weak case is trial by
jury. There are so many cross-eyed
tactics-.the look ne-wav-and-strike-an
other kind-that a stupid jury made up
of but one kind of "show me" brains NAV
easily and conscentously 20 wrong.
"Know Thy Jury"
There are said to be tricks practised
by some trial lawyers to obtain unfair
advantage, such, for instance, as the loud
aside or parenthetical remark, not in the
least relevant and sure to bring reproof
from the court, but depended on to affect
the opinion Of the jury; and there is the
clustering mlX-up of facts and ruled-out
evidence, the rough dragging forth of un-
important details to hide the main issue.
and the honeyed persuasion which leads
to false conclusions
1t all depends on the jury whether one
or the other method has any chance
whatever of success. To mistake the
character of the jury is usually fatal to
a lawyers cause. 1t is related of a GER
tam kentucky statesman who came from
the heart of a mountain district that on
his return from college in his calow
youth he was hurried into a courtroom
by an admirng family dependent who
needed a lawyer. The young man was
not interested in the proceedings; thew
were crude, according to his newly ac
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
It Special Labor Laws for Women

sponsor this legislation at the request
of the men and women workers of the
state.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
BY ROSE FALLS BRES

w T HEN a lawyer faces the jury
w which is to decide his or her
case consideration has hnnr
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
Corporations Favor
Such Changes

The benefits of the shorter day come
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-01

important cities. The county and town
ship funds will take pretty good care
Of the township roads, IL properly used
and it Is UP to the state to give 10
state highways.
Counties that have been experiment
ing with so-called hard roads. which
are short OF hard pavements, have
about concluded that It y waste OF
money. In this county we have several
miles of experimental roads In different
parts Of the county and all have failed.
The money was practically wasted.
Many counties have gravel roads which
do very we'll for time but coon wear
away Is do the dirt roads: where
they are much used. In township roads
not heavily used. they do very well.
Iowa need not experiment in the
matter of road making now. We need
only to profit by our mistakes and oy
the mistakes OF other states. Illinois IL
thru with experimenting and has voted
$50, 000. 900 in bonds for state highway
improvements. with the automobile tax
as basis OF guaranty. Illinois Will
build $500 miles Of paved highway,
brick, with concrete base ard with that
construction the roads. with only
ordinary care. will last almost life
time. Some Of these Illinois roads WIZ
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-01
GOOD ROADS FOR IOWA.
Waterloo Tfmcs-Tribune.l

From almost every part Of the state
comes word that members.elect Of the
next Iowa legislature are for some kind
OF road program that will have de-
finite results. There 10 strong reason
for the opinion that permanent paved
roads In this state are not in the dis
tant future.
Nothing ia heard any more. Of the
taxpayers league, Of some force In the
legislature of two years ago. The mud
roads advocate II gone. Nobody wants
mud roads now: nobody dare gay that
the present extravaganza in road work
In Iowa should continue. We have
been spending s1sO00,o0o or 90 per
year on our roads in Iowa and prAc-
tical men are asking: Where is the
value? There is no value. Every year
we draw dirt from the side OF the road,
pile it up in the center and allow the
water to carry it back where it came
from.
The time for a state highway pro-
gram is here. We have federal aid for
ambitious counties. Some have taken
advantage Of the opportunity. many
more are planning and next year. and
the year following will see great deal
OF permanent road work done in well
populated communities and between
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-01
why conposE RsPfl

|. Gov. Harding is being 'panned' Just
now for pardoning boy at lsa Grove.
whom a Dies Moines newspaper ana
some of the people at Ida Grove
wanted to see sent TO prison for HE.
Gov. Harding will live through the at
tack the same as he has previous ones
Perry Chief.
The governor Is not being -panned''
for pardoning boy at Ida Grove whom
Des Moines newspaper and some
people at Ida Grove wanted to see sent
to prison for life" Objection is being
made at Ida Grove and by decent peo-
pie generally who desire the suppress
sion OF outrageous and heinous crime
against the free pardon Of a con-
fessed rap,st whose crime was
confessedly deliberate and accord
ing to the attorney general of the state
especially brutal. when all that his at
torney had expected was a possible
communication of sentence to five years
in the penitentiary.
The Perry paper avoids any state
ment Of what crime this boy" had
committed, the brutality and delibera-
ton with which it was carried out and
offers the suggestion that this rapist
was a poor prosecuted youth being
bounded into the penitentiary by en-
emies and "a Des Moines newspaper.
The reference to the "Des Moines
newspaper is usually the rejoinder to
every criticism of the governor and
seems to be considered excuse and
Justification for anything he may or
may not do.
When the Perry paper takes the
ground it does in the squib quoted
above in commenting upon a heinous
crime it condones what appears on the
present evidence to have been flag
rant miscarriage of justice and fails OF
the duty a newspaper owes it's public.
A deliberate rapist deserves punish
! ment and does not deserve free pardon
whether in northern France or in
| northern Iowa.
The Rathbun case strengthens the
contention that the pardoning power
should be taken from political execu-
tiyes entirely and placed with a COM
petent board of pardon and parole.
Anyhow why not tell the truth
| about an outrageous crime instead OF
| attempting to convey the impression
that a boy" was being railroaded FOL
some minor offence?
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-01-01
Billy Bunny and HI. Friends

and maybe little longer. he thought Of
.sos. But. oh dear me. he couldn't think
OF Just one more. Wasn't that too ~
well, never miAd." laughed Uncle
Lucky. That's enough. Al DoW I'll
30 down to the Three -in.ona-osat 0sOfe.
and tomorrow nosnihs youu ssesNhat
I've bought for you" And tAen he hpng
up the receiver and west out 70 the
garage and hitched up the InckF4oilc.
and pretty soon. mot so very lo4 Ma,
Freacted the Three Ia one. cent 81 ID in
ERabbitvilie. on the corner a Le4$nce
avenue and Popcorn street
X guess rd better 60 over 70 the 9Apk
and get some money flrSt.s tAought the,
old gentlemap rabbit. 90 he hoe9ed
across the street ana wrote out . cAsck
apd then the paying teller gave him .
lot Of money for it--lettuce dollar bills
and carrot cents and o ten carrot gold-
piece, and after that Uncle Lucky hop.
ped back to the Three -in- One Cent
Store and went inside. And what do
you suppose was the 'hrst thing he saw !.
Why. n lovely book Ill about Billy
Bunny and His Friends "Ill take that
book" said the old gentleman rabbit
as quick as twinkle. And then he
bought a pair OF roller skates and q
pair OF ice skates and red sled And 4
bag Of candy ana box OF lead sGa4iers
and big red apple and . magic IN
tern. An a lot more things 1eoides.
but, goodness me, haven't rot room
enough In TINS story to put them n, no
well have to wait and call up Billy
Bunny on Christmas morning and ask
him. And II you don't know his tele-
phone It's 900. Ris HAPPY BeH. Old
Brier Patch!~