davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
z'hree More Shops nre Added 70 Strike List;
 HulUthOv7ae Co. S2aut
Fight Between Rival Or ganizations of Labor
 to Enroll Members.
BATCHELLER co.
 STRIKE SETTLED

The labor unrest throughout the city is increasing hourly. The La Resista corset fight is still on with no chance at present of a settlement. Bryant Electric shop is entirely closed by the strike. All employees of the Remington-Yost factory are out. The Hawthorne Manufacturing Go. closed it's factory today. The employees of the screw machine room of the Harvey Hubbell Company are out. All the weavers em- ployed in the Raybestos plant are out.
 The fight between the Federation of Labor and the Workers Interna- tional Union for members is getting hotter all the time and Ira N. Orn- burn, Secretary of the State Fedora ton of Labor. answers the statement Of the Manufacturers Association.
 An agreement has been reached in the Crown -Batcheller corset workers and the shop will reopen Monday morning.
 An agreement has been reached by the strikers committee and the Birdseye-Somers officials which will be ratified today and this shop will also open Monday.
 The employees of the Hawthorne Manufacturing Co. presented their de- mands for a 44-hour week and an in crease of pay to the management this morning at S:30 and ten minutes later they were all punching the clock on their way out of the shop as the man.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
SUBSCRIPTION OF $500 HEADSLIST
 FOR LEGION FUND

The campaign to raise $1S,6O0 for the purchase of a clubhouse for the American Legion in this city started with a burst of enthusiasm today when DeVer H. Warner subscribed $500 to the fund. Justice and Mrs. George w. Wheeler followed with a joint subscription of s100. Other subscriptions were:
 E. S. Wolfe ..,,,..-...,... $3O Nichols Underwear Co. ,...,.., $25 Samuel F. Beardsley ..-....... $20
 The clubhouse property which the committee in charge of the drive wishes to purchase is the old NIGEL roy homestead, BOT Golden Mill St.
 pr. B. L. Smykowski, who has been prominent in war work among Polish speaking residents said the drive would have the heartiest support of Polish speaking young men who serv- ed in the army, navy or marines,
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
WHY IRISH WANT
 THEIR FREEDOM

The Times-Farmer will print to- morrow "Why Ireland Demands Her eedon," written by Eamonn de Valera, president of the Irish Republic. De Valera is an inter- esting parsonage, He wants free and independent Ireland. On his tour through this country he is being greeted by many more thousands than ever assembled to greet Lafayette, Kosiusko, Kossuth or of the other great hberators who have been the guests of America.
 What this talented and sincere man has to say is interesting. The facts all Americans will desire to know, whether or not they favor Irish Independence.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
RECEIVES
 PERMISSION TO BORROW S25,0OO

Permission to borrow s25,oOO to be the roadbed of the Danbury & Bethel Street Railway Go. was granted to Receiver J. Moss Ives of the trolley company today by Judge Curtis of the Superior court. The receiver stated that the tracks in several Dan- bury streets must be replaced and new ties must also be purchased.
 The city of Danbury plans to put in new pavement on number of streets where the trolley line has branches. The trolley company Is liable for a share of the cost which will amount to s37.O00. But as there is no money to meet this expense it has been suggested that the city of Danbury will sue the trolley company for it's share, thus protecting the city's interests.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
TRAFFIC MEN
 APPEARING IN
 LIGHT HELMETS

Cork helmets covered with light cloth, made their appearanc today on the members of the traffic division The helmets are designe5 for summer wear and in addition to the sun pro- lection are very light Not all of the members of the department liked them and some officers went on duty today with the regulation cap. When dis covery of the fact was made by Cap tain Wheeler they were called in and required to don the regulation hel- nets which resemble those worn in tropical climates
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
PREPARE BIG
 RECEPTION TO PACIFIC FLEET

Washington. July 2s - Elaborate preper ations for tho reception and entertsfnraent of the officers and men of the Paotho fleet are being made all along the West coast, ac- cordins to messages to the Navy Do pertment
 At San Franotsco an effort will be made to eclipse tho reception tender ed Admiral Robiey D. Evans globe encircfins nest of 1so7-os. Presiden, Wilson is expected to review the reet and e triumphal entry of Ad- riirai Rodman's forces into tho road stead through the Golden Gate is planned
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
WORKED SAME TRICK TWICE ON
 TOBACCONISTS

Charged with the theft of cigars and cigarettes valued at $150 from Miner, Read & Tullock, wholesale tobacconists of Middle street, Ed ward Grodeske of 231 West Hazlett street. New Haven, and James D.
 Casey of 19 Brantford street, Spring field. Mass, were today bound over to the September term of the crtmi- nal superior court. Bonds in each case was fixed at sl.oo0. s sas
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
sf eHus DELIVERED.

washington. July 25 - Deliveries Df s1 ships to the shipping. board 6ursng the week ending July IS brought the total since the United sxetss sntsysd the war to LII of A>eeO,s9s gross tons. Of the grand total, sos of s,37s,o2e gross tons wsec ssssl The others were wood pnl semDesoeas
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25

 BILL SIGNED

: Washington, July 25.---President
 Wilson today signed the agricultural appropriation bill from which Con- gress had eliminated a rider repeating
 the daylight saving act after the Pres dent had vetoed the original measure.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
COAL MINERS
 STRIKE SETTLED

London, July 25---(By Associated Press) --!The strike of approximately a quarter of a million men in the coal mines, that threatened to paralyze many industries, was settled today.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-07-25
The Weather Report

Bridgeport and vicinity Fair weather will prevail in this vicinity tonight and Saturday.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
The Open Door
Of Belgium

In the West too, the Germans profted
disproportionately from what might be
called the accidental Developments of the
military situation. France had prepared
a strong defence Of her eastern frontier.
But the eastern frontier could be turned
by an enemy coming through Belgium.
The French General Staff had annie
warning of Germany's purpose to violate
Belgian neutrality. General Bernhard
in Germany and the Next War" pub
llshed in 1911, had spoken of a flank
movement across Belgium as q matter Of
course. Possibly the French High Com
mand thought that this was merely n
bluff to distract French attention from
the defence of the Alsacc-L Lorraine and
Luxembourg front Possibly France was
unable to protect both the eastern and
northern fronts with the forces avail
bic in August, 1914.
At any rate, Jolfrc let the defence Of
the northern frontier go by the board.
and the German armies found an casv
path up the valley. of the Mouse and
across the plain Of northern France as
far as the outskirts Of Paris. Thus thew
were enabled to fight the first great bat
tie Of the war far in the rear of the
northern frontier forts. South of the
Marine and directly east Of Paris. they
were well behind even the secondary
French dcfences, like the line of La
fcre-laon-Rheims- They had wrestcd
from the French that advantage Of posi-
ton which the latter had counted on to
neutralize the German advantage in
numbers.
The Germans committed an mtorna-
uonal crime, graycly damaging to them
IN the larger moral aspect, when they
violated Belgian neutrality. That crime
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
The Czarina Of Russia

tria- Hungary But Sir Edward Grey
and Delcasse dealt with her as if a
passionless and enlightened self-interest
could convert her into friend and asso-
ciate. Many powerful British influences
were proBulgar, and believed that Bull
garia, Serbia, Rumania and Greece
might be brought to lie down together
in concord by means of few sleight
of hand territorial readjustments
Sir Edward Grey was fatuous enough
to ask both Serbia and Greece to sur
render portions of their territory to the
Bulgars. Serbia was outraged by this
suggestion. SO was Greece, although
Nenizelos magnanimously agreed to rec
ommend the sacrifice. But nothing
came Of these ill-conceived moves, ex-
cept to put into Constantne's hands a
weapon with which to demolsh Venize-
loss prestige.
Bulgaria should have been forced to
declare her attitude early in 1915. She
was not ready for war then; nor was
Germany ready to invade Serbia. The
russian armies were stlll astrlde the
Carpathians. But Ferdinand cleverly
hoodwinked the Allied diplomats Mack
ensen and Hindenburg spent the spring
and summer driving the Russians out of
Galicia and Poland. In the fall, when
Ferdinand had lifted the mask and Ser
bia was ready to be crushed, the Allies
could only look on impotently.
The Teuton programme of conquest
developed without hitch, so far as the
Eastern front was concerned. There
was something uncanny in the precision
with which it unfolded Fortune smiled
everywhere on German plans, while the
Allies seemed to touch nothing except to
bungle it.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
OVerCOnfdenCe
Lost the M arne

The German High Command lost the
First Battle of the Marine through gross
errors in Judgment, due to reckless over
confidence. The younger Moltke and all
his lieutenants undervalued both the
French army and Joffre's leadership.
They thought they were marching to
another Sedan. Instead they walked
heedessly into an ambush The Ger
man military temperament disclosed its
weaknesses at the Marine, just as it
was to disclose them at every other real
crisis of the war. Complacency and un-
justified contempt for the enemy at
Grand Headquarters swiftly null;fied
the effect of the really brilliant initial
successes of the 1914 campaign.
Germany might not have been able to
crush France in September, 1914. 1t is
not clear that she would ever have been
able to crush France, even with the
Wlsest use of her superior resources.
But with more alert and wary leader
ship she might easily have gathered in
the first months of the war the full
fruits of her almost unopposed march to
Paris. She might have compelled Foch
to abandon the French capital, as she
had already compelled the Belgians to
evacuate Brussels.
At the First Marine Germany threw
away the hope Of an imposing victory on
the West front. Circumstances now com
PEELED her to turn for victory to the East
her natural field of conquest. She had
successfully begun and then botched her
campaign in the West under conditions
which were extremely favorable to the
offensive. The Allied armies were pain
fully short of machine guns and heavy
artillery. The power of the defensive
had been steadily increasing with the
perfection of small arms and field guns.
But the defensive had not vet found it.
self. The big Skoda and Krupp howitzers
Mad relegated the old-fashioned fortress
to the scrap-heap. L6ge, Namur and
Antwerp fell with incredible rapiditv.
Overnight elaborate Notifications became
liabilities, instead of assets. Military
opinion was at sea, finding many Of its
preconceptions Of the value of the defen
sive demolished
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19

made Germany an outlaw in the world
and turned all neutral sympathy away
from her But the immediate results Of
the eruption through Belgium were Of
enormous military value. The German
armies obtained Judgment en- French
soil at very little cost. They secured the
elbow room" which they needed and
which they would have lacked if they
had based their offensive on Metz. They
were able to reap at once the advantages
of war of movement, in which the
weight of their superior numbers had the
best chance to make itself felt.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
The War of
SfagnafiOn

The Marine campaign was thus fought
along the old lines of open warfare. #
was decided as the Napoleonic campaigns
or the elder Moltke's campaigns were de-
cldod--by manmuvring and by field op
erations without shelter. The Marine
campaign WAS, in sense, a military
anachronism. 1t was inevitable that
modern armies should seek to protect
themselves. If fixed Notifications above
ground had become valucless the troops
would have to dig in in the open. wher-
ever they were. SO the trench system,
with all its Celebrations, was evolved.
This revolution in field tactics was to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
Sea Murder
Unnecessary

Germany could have conformed her
U-boat activities to the accepted rules
of warfare at sea and still have derived
an immense advantage from them. She
did, in fact, live up to the international
code in her campaign Of 1918 against
shipping on the American coast. But
the spirit of excess and frigbtfulnes
was in her blood. Because Great Britain
set up a cruiser Gordon blockade. which
infringed on the existing neutral prop
erty rights, Germany tried to set I'D
''sublnarine blockade,' which abolished
the safeguards hitherto thrown about the
lives Of neutrals and non-combatants.
Yet even in this misguided venture
fortune was still constant the Kaiser.
The sinking Of the Lusitania on May r.
1915, ought to have led promptly to war
with the United States The American
government had stated its position in
the note of warning sent to Berlin on
February -, 1915 But when the Kaiser
did what he had been told he would be
held to ''strict accountability for do
ing and refused to disavow his crime
the United States government not only
avoided declaring war, but ostontatously
refused to prepare for war. gigantic
blunder in German military policy
brought no evil consequences. On the
contrary, it helped Germany 10 intim-
date the other maritime neutrals for
Holland, Spain and the scandinavian
states could not be expected 10 break
with Berlin on an issue which had not
caused severance of relations between
Berlin and Washington
Iniquity, so long as it was German
iniquity, seemed to wax and prosper.
For two years American complacency
and unpreparedness continued We were
"kept out of war And we should
probably have been "kept out Of war
to the end if German follr aggravated
by too easy prosperity, had rot finally
resolved to treat the United States as
practically neglible military quantity.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
West Front
Tied Up

The deadlock of trench warfare set in
about December 1914. Thereafter in the
West, where the strength of the combat
ants was becoming more and more equal
lied, the defensive was to gain steadily
in power over the offensive Open war
fare was to be abolished and great bat
ties were to be fought, with losses run
ming into the tens of thousands in which
the gains Of territory were measured not
in miles, but in hundreds of yards.
The coming of trench warfare greatly
strengthened the German grip on
France. Having failed to take Paris in
September and the Channel ports in Oc-
tober and November. the German High
Command settled down to a defensive
which lasted, except for the Verdun cpl
sode, until March, 1918. 1t was the obvi-
Gus policy of the Germans to hold fast
in the West while solidifying their power
in the East. They could do this with a
minimum expenditure of effort in France
and Belgium, because Of the vast defence
systems which they nstructed-mostly
through the enforced labor of prisoners.
Against these great barriers the French
and British armies beat for three years
without making anything like a serious
breach in them 1t was "nibbling" on
grand scale. But the cost was always
out of proportion to the results The
Germans had the man power, the arti-
lery, the machine guns and the strategic
reserves to defend their Western lines,
and at the same time they had sufficient
strength to overrun Galicia, Poland.
Courland, Bukowina, Serbia, Montene
gro, Albania and Rumania and to deal
the finishing blow to the topping Rus
sian giant.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
Royal German
Agents

Both Constantine and the Empress
paid tardy penalty for their perfdy.
But their services to the German cause,
while they lasted, were invaluable. They
differed from Fcrdinand's and Envcr
Pacha's only in that they were not paid
for it out Of the great German corrup-
ton fund. Allied diplomacy could never
have put the Czarina under bonds for
good behavior. But it could have oustod
Constantine long before it did, because
Greece was ward Of France Great
Britain and Russia. Greece should have
been released long before 1917 for active
service with the Entente, with whose
interests those Of the Greek people were
thoroughly in harmony.
Bulgaria, the loser in the second Bal
kan war, still bitter and vcnRcful was
the natural ally of Germany and Aus
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19

cally driven from the ocean The high
seas fleet was interned at the German
naval bases, issuing infrequently on
raids and only twice venturing real
engagement with the British. The Ash
attic squadron remained at large in the
Pacific for several months, defeating an
inferior British squadron off the Chilean
coast and subsequently, after entering
the South Atlantic, being itself destroyed
by a superior British squadron off the
Falkland Islands A few remaining
light cruisers, including the famous En-
den, were gradually rounded up in the
ends Of the earth.
German sea power seemed to have
vanished. But what the German cruiser
could no longer do on the surface of the
waters the U-boat quickly learned to
do under them. Before the war the
U-boat was merely a promising expert
ment. Few naval authorities had much
faith in its future 1t was constructed
primarily as an engine of coast defence,
supplementing mines and land batteries
The cruising radius of most of the sub
marines built before 1914 was small, and
the speed attained, either on the surface
or under it. was so low that the U-boat
seemed condemned to operate within
narrow range along the coasts which it
10rOtanted
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
Everything Went the Germans Way
Until Megalomania Did IT.
Deadly Work
Bv William l.. Mcpherson
Copyright, 1919, Ne7o York Tribune I1c.

- HE Goddess of Fortune was over
q generous to the Germans. They
n took her gifts arrogantly. They
had none Of the old Greek dread
oS,her uninterrupted favor. They pre-
stmed on their good tuck as no other
nation has ever done. But Fortune had
her revenge. BY the time she was ready
to turn her face away she had killed
the Germans with overkindness.
Schiller wrote famous short poem,
entitled 1.-The Ring of Polykrates." All
Germany has known the work for more
than a century But modern Germany
had lost the sense of the words. Schiller
retold the Greek legend Of king of
Samos, whose good fortune was phe-
nomenal. His guest, an eXiled king of
Egypt, became alarmed about this
omnous run of luck, and advised Poly
krates to throw into the sea the thing
he valued most in his whole kingdom
Polykrates sacrificed his favorite ring
Next day a fisherman brought fish to
the palace as a present and when the
COOK cut II open the KING ring APP
peared. The former Egyptian monarch
took his leave in haste, exclaiming:
Die Gotter wollen dein Verderben
Fort ell ich, NIGHT NIT dir zu sterben."
["The gods are bent on your de-
structlon. | hurry away, SO as not to die
with you.'l
Germany was spoiled child of fort
une during the first two and half
years of the war. But she never sought
to placate the fates. She never made
single sacrifice to superstition or
prudence. The U-boat was her ring of
Polykrates. She would not abate it's
illegal and monstrous use And that de-
cision brought her to ruin.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
The GOeben
And BreSiau

1t is worth while recalling the many
good turns by which Germany bene-
fitted. Her first extraordinary piece of
luck was the escape to Constantinople
of the Goeben and the Breslau. These
two warships were trapped in the
Mediterranean They were obliged to
go to Messina to coal. They should
have been hemmed in from the south
and east and driven toward Gibraltar.
But steaming out of Messina they made
for the Dardanelles, evading the Allied
squadrons lying in wait for them. Their
arrival at Constantinople made Tur-
keys accession to the Central Alliance
certain They were nominally trans
ferred to the Young Turk government.
But the Young Turk leaders, working
hand in glove with the German Am
bassador, Baron Won Wangenheim, used
the big batte-cruiser Goeben to terror
ize the population Of the Turkish cap
ital and also to conduct the raid on the
northern Black Sea ports, which put
Turkey dramatically into the war
through an overt act against Russia
IF the Goeben and Breslau had been
captured-or even the Goeben alone
Turkeys participation might have been
delayed-possibly prevented. The Al
lied admiralties had calculated that the
Goeben and the Breslau would not run
for the Dardanelles, since the Treaty Of
Paris of 1856 and the Treaty of Lon
don. of 1871 both provided that war
ships should not use the straits except
by special permission of the Sultan,
which could be granted only in ting of
peace. When the Allied commanders
found that the two German war vessels
had entered the straits a true appre-
cation Of the emergency would have led
them to force that barrier themselves.
Il was one Of the critical moments of
the war. But, as was to be the case
for the next three years with Allied
policy in the Near East, military ad-
vantage was sacrificed to timidity, ir-
resolution and foolish preconceptions
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-19
he Dangerous
N=BOaf

Admiral Sir Percy Scott was the only
British expert with imagination enough
to realize the great offensive power bot
tied up in the submarine. Just before the
war he wrote some articles in 1.-The
London Tines in which he predicted
that if war came battleships would have
to be locked up in harbors behind booms
to prevent their being torpedoed by
U-boats He believed that the spirit of
invention, which is mothered by neces-
sity, would, under war conditions, soon
make the submarine seaworthv and enor-