New-York tribune., 1919-10-23
Foreign Relations Com
mittee Stipulates Three
Allies Indorse Them Be-
fore U. S. Joins League
Assent Withheld to
Shant'lng Transfer
Hitchcock Rejects All, Re-
fuses to Compromise,
Threatens a Deadlock
By Carter Field
New York Tribune

WASHINGTON, Oct. 22.-Ten strong
reservations to the peace treaty. were
adopted to-day by the Senate Foreign
relations Committee. The committee
then approved a preamble declaring
that the United States would not enter
the league of nations nor would its
ratlflcatlon of the treaty be binding
until three Of the four principal Allied
powers had accepted the cction Of this
country subject to those reservations.
Ihe four principal Allied powers are
Great Britain, France, Italy and Japan.
The committee had before it when
1t met this morning the text of thirtee n
reservations, and in two long sessions
1t passed on ten OF them, three going
over until tomorrow for further con-
slderatlon. The reservations are vir
tually as outlined in The Tribune Mon
day morning, and had been agreed upon
by the forty Republican Senator'S
as we'll as small group Of Democratic
Senators.
Another to Come Later
Another reservation covering the
johnson and Moses amendments pro-
tectirg the United States against anv
superior vote of the British Empire
Will be considered by the committee
after the votes on those amendments
by the Senate
Concedlng the adoption of the reser-
vations by the Senate when they first
come to vote, Administration Leader
hitchcock declared that two points
would compel him to regard this action
as rejection of the treaty and to
force deadlock unless the Repubi-
cans agreed to modification.
One of these points is the pream-
Bile requirement that the reservation
must be accepted by three Of the four
principal Alice powers. Mr.. Hitchcock
said he thought that this amounted
TO resubmission of the treaty and he
would not accept it. The other is the
reservation on Article x, which is the
reservation which President Wilson
read to his audience at Salt Lake. and
which he said he would "cut the heart
out of the covenant"
Adoption of this reservation by the
Senate. and for that matter of all of
the reservations to be submitted by tn .
committee, seemed assured tonight,
despite Mr.. Hitchcocks attitude. In the
to s, the entire ten Republicans. even
including McCumber of North Dakota,
voting solidly for them. and Senator
Shields (Democrat), of Tennessee, vot-
ing with the reservationists
Solid Republican Vote
Most of the reservations seem from
canvass of the Senate to be assured
of the solid Republican vote after all
ioht vtc ~
are over, and of from four to ten Dem
ocratlc votes as we'll.
The only point in doubt is the pre-
amble. This was adopted in committee
by vote of 10 to 7, straight party
lineup, except that Shields voted for
it and Senator McCumber against it.
Apparently, however. Mr.. McCumber is
the only sure vote against it on the
Republican side in the Senate. Even
Senators McNary and Kellogg, the
mild reservationists," would not say
although they did say they did not be-
lieve it to be necessary.
Others of the mild reservationists, >
such as Senators Lenroot and Hale
said they had no objections to the pre-
amble and would vote for the commit
tee report straight through. Mr. Len
root declared that the preamble makes
the ratification resolution more prac-
tical, since, instead of leaving the ques-
/ ton as to who would agree to the res
crvations on which the United States
would enter the league and approve the
treaty, it definitely fixed this RESPONSE
bility.
Senator Hitchcock said he would op-
pose the preamble and the reservations
''to the end" and added that there
would be no compromise at this time on
reservations. The attempt to compro-
/ mise, he said, will not come until the
Republicans attempted TO pass the res
/ olutions of ratification.
Labor il Domestic Issue
One of the most important changes
in the program made by the committee
to-day was to include labor among the
questions that are entirely within do
mestic jurisdiction land are not under
this treaty to be submitted in any way
either to arbitration or to the consd-
/ GRAFTON of the council or the assembly
of the league of nations or any agency
| thereof, or to the decision Or recon-
mendation of any other power"
This reservation reserves to the
United States the right to decide what
questions are domestic and not to be
submitted to the league, mentioning
( specifically, in addition to labor, i'm.
migration, coastwise traffic, the tariff
and commerce. One of the reservations
on which action was postponed dealt
| directly with the labor sections of the
| peace treaty
The Curtis reservation. which con-
strues subdivision c of Article XXI to
Continued on page seven