Bisbee daily review., 1919-06-22

In taking up the story of the lntelli- gence Section I will first give brief description of the organization of what is known in military circles as e. H. o., or General Headquarters, because the Intelligence Section is known as "G2" and by looking at the diagram on this page a very good idea can be secured of the arrangement and distribution of the various duties to be performed by the Staff officers. Experience has shown that a Com mander-the same applies to the Chief of any other large enterprise-can deal direct with only limited number of subordinates.
 The General Staff system did not prevail in the armies of the world un- til the beginning of the last war, but the bureau system was used. As war became more complex with all the numerous auxiliary services of modern war, the system of General Staff or ganization came into being. Writers on the subject of organization usually give five as the largest number of re- sponsible subordinates with whom S chief can deal direct, so that G. H. O.. was organized with five General Sec tions known as G1, G2, G3, GA, ana G5 ,as you will see by the diagram.
 Organization of Staff of c. H. O.
 Theoretically, the action taken at G. H4Q. of the commander is his per sonal action. For instance, I happen to know that force of some 50 clerks under an officer do nothing but handle the personal correspondence receiveo by General Pershing, which averages some 2000 letters a day aside from official correspondence, and which he personally never sees or knows about. So in practice the theory of the plan amounts to this: The commander has certain staff officers in whom he has confidence, who have reasonably goou judgment, and who are kept informed of the commanders general plans and policies. Knowing a general plan, these staff officers give orders as to the details of carrying out such plan in the name of the commander which is practically as well as theoreticaIry, the action of the chief himself.
 Comparison With Other Staffs
 This organization corresponds neither to the French nor to the Brit ish, but was the outgrowth of expe; rience of the British and the French applied to our needs. No existing al lied staff could have been exactly cop jed because these existing staffs were themselves the outgrowth of expe- rien.ce. They were based upon the military laws of the different coun tries involved, as we'll as the psycnot ogy of the people affected.
 From conversation with staff off. cers of our allied armies I am con. inced that the A. B. F. staff organi zation was more satisfactory to the A E. F. than were the British or Frencl organizations to those respective coun tries.
 G2 or the Intelligence Section
 The following information is taken from the information contained in the report of General Nolan, chief of G. section, on April 18th, 1919, most oi which was. up to that time, unknown even to the majority of the officer at G. H. o.
 Officers joining the Intelligenc' Section and before being assigned tc any of it's divisions for duty, are giv en a short course of instruction an, the minimum time in which the worl of these sections can be explained t them is four days; so from this yol will see that it would be impossible tC give anything but a general idea O this section. So I will simply give general idea of the workings of tn, Intelligence Section at G. H. O. in con nection with and in relation to tn, work of the Intelligence Section o the various divisions.
 The question of the form of organi Zation for the intelligence service O the A. E. F. was left by the war de partment to the decision of Genera Pershing on his departure from tn United States in May, 1917, so a con parison of the methods of both tn French and British systems was mad and showed that the results obtaine by each intelligence section were e1 cellent, so that there was little t choose between the two services, bu that on the whole the British syster was better adapted to our uses.~ Tn intelligence regulations of the secon British army, modified in certain pal ticulars to conform to our own organ zation, were adopted for the use of tn A. E. F.
 MaIn1aison Battle
 The early staff officers were give a little experience in intelligenc work in the Malmaison battle of O. tober 21-26, 1917, by assisting in tn