davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

number of married workers had
practically doubled, and, with com
paratively few exceptions. all had
one or more dependent upon them
for support
Of the number who actually have
replaced men no figures are obtain
able. The Bush Terminal COMPANY.
OF New York, was one of the first to
realize the possibilities of women in
mems Jobs, and within week after
the selective service act had been
passed called for women volunteers
to replace the men. Instead of con-
hning the requirements to the FAM
lies of it's employees, it sent out an
appeal to all stenographers, teIe-
phone operators and clerks. with
the result that the clerical force Of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
e Milk Will Save Ninety Per Cent Of Childre

ately we'll off; that is, honest work
ing people used to a fair standard
of living and accustomed TO supply
ing their families with average
necessities find they must curtail
vital needs to meet the tyranny of
this supreme one. Nurses at the
milk station report that in order
that the "tiniest one" may have the
best the next sizes" get an inferior
food standard, with poorer grade
of milk or no milk at all; this alse
accounts for the abnormal rise in
tea and coffee drinking among chill
dren which the health charts show
and is in great measure respon-
sible for the shocking figures of
malnutrition now prevalent among
younger school children.
There is no substitute for milk!
The New York Diet Kitchen Asso-
citation was the pioneer in the work
Of milk distribution. Founded in
1873, it has done ceaseless battle
for the lives of the city's little citi-
zens and to-day maintains eight milk
stations in Manhattan, each answer
ing the needs Of from sixty to ninety
children daily. In these stations
certified milk is dispensed at cost
(Which means at less than the price
of the poorest grade purchasable in
open market), or is given free
wherever the inability to pay even
part cost is found to exist.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

their own Enlistment, which was
essentially producing ma
chine, was not in any way depleted.
and within a few months women
we're operating electric and steam
locomotives, running motor trucks.
operating steam winches and cranes.
inspecting and maintaining lighting
and telephone and other community
service utilities, loading cars and
ships, packing warehouse and cold
storage rooms and handling details
Of transportation.
In the operating department of
one of the Eastern railroads 1880
women and girls took positions for
merly held by men. sin one of the
large Western cities more than 90.
900 women replaced men who had
been called intoe service. Another
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

in its tiny fist. Several of tho -.
tons have tubercular mothers ana
babies on their milk dispensing list
though diseased children are forh;d
den to participate in the activi,;es<
of the we'll groups.
A West Harlem station is a room
lar auxiliary for 'newlywedsv ana
has, perhaps, as a whole. the mos.
intelligent group of mothers to dea,
with. The result speaks for itself
III the lowered death rate and
healthier children.
The public is asked to visit ana
investigate, support and become 40.
tive workers in this great field of
baby conservation. The Diet Kitcben
figures for last year show TIA
babies, 7,106 mothers, 1,143 expect.
ant mothers, 1860 children he.
tween the ages of two and six wears
,26S social service cases and S4s.-
1868 quarts of milk dispensed.
The public should lend it's heart
to the end of widening such work
and if pure milk will save 80 per
cent of babies help see to it that
not one of these little ones dies
unnecessarily.
Four hundred and fifty thousand
dead babies during the period of the
war! Let every one war on such
figures. Join sonic baby organiza-
ton, any one well accredited, SO
that you are counted against the
foe.
The responsibility for all babies
lies at the door of all mothers.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
Must Report
When Taken iii

According to Dora Thompson, of
the Army Nurse Corps in Washing-
ton, each army nurse on duty
must report when she is i'll
to her chief nurse. She is given
treatment by the physician of her
unit and taken care OF in the hospi-
tai where she serves. If her case
requires special treatment she is
sent to the hospital where this can
best be given her. The care she re-
ceives is the same that is given t.
soldiers.
Convalescent homes at Riverdale,
N. j., and Red Bank, N. j., have
been lent for army nurses who need
rest. The Worn-out nurse is sent to
one of these homes for two and
three weeks al a time. Cases of
nurses who are i'll in this country or
have been returned i'll from overseas
are handled by sending the nurse to
hospital as near her home as pos
sible. If the nurse has to give IN
her work for good on account of
sickness she is taken care Of bv the
War Risk Insurance Department.
The Red Cross has an insurance ar.
rangement of its own.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

Several months after our entrance
INTO the war it was reported that
American nurses gave out on their
work in a shorter time than the
Canadian nurses. The committee to
secure military rank for nurses then
pointed to the fact that Canadian
nurses had military rank, and con-
sequently were not required to do
the breaking drudgery that Ameri-
can nurses often performed them
selves rather than have a dispute
with hospital orderlies.
Ella Phillips Crandall, of the
Council of National Defence, on
trip to Washington recently to close
the work Of the committee on nurs-
ing, said:
Army nurses now demobilizing
in New York are demanding mill
tary rank as condition to further
war service in our army. They say
they would absolutely refuse to vol
unteer again unless present condi-
tons were completely changed and
rank were granted"
According to Miss Crandall, who
has recruited thousands of appli-
cants for the United States Student
Nurse Reserve and has been in close
touch with the great streams of
nurses now pouring into New York
from France, the army nurses,
while happy to have served our SOL
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

hibit-kitchen and milkroom, with
its separator; chicken houses and
brooders, cow barn, with even an
only cow-and it would be educa-
tive.
Besides the model farm there also
could be, for the enlightenment of
citizens, model half acre or quar-
ter acre, with piggery and
chicken house with admirably kept
fowls. At Van Cortlandt Park
there is ample room for such an
exhibition, though it would be far
more interesting and profitable if
nearer to the heart of the city-sav
at Central Park. If the city fathers
felt unequal to the task of manag-
ing the tiny farm, probably the
Women's Farm and Garden Asso-
citation could undertake it and run
1t IN very competent fashion. SO
could Dean Gildersleeve of Barnard.
or many Of the farmerettes whose
costumes delighted our eyes last
summer. Again, Commissioner
Grelrs model garden in Union
Square has demonstrated how very
interested were New Workers in that
method of elucidation.
The model farm and the exhibit
Of farm animals possibly may be
more indirect good, but the valua
BILE connection Of the pig and the
garbage should be apparent to any
one. This perfectly practical idea
OF the Farm and Garden Associa-
ton is well worth taking up. A well
kept piggery on the banks of the
Hudson would be no more obiec-
honable than the tracks of the New
fork Central, or the huge gas tank
at 10th Street. The garbage from
the Claremont alone, at f2lst
Street, would nourish many pig,
and If the city fathers feared to dis
tuIp the mafket IN pork the result
ant bacon and lard and sausage
and pork chops could be used for
the poor of the city, as is done in
Paris with the milk of the COWS
pastured in the Bots de Boulogne.
In view of the fact that Amer;-
can women have been so lectured
and advised, one might almost say
'badgered," by our worthy author
ties on the subject of thrift, it is
an amusing turning of the tables
TO ind that most of the suggestions
OF our newly fiedged women citizers
10 these same city authorities art
IKE this one of the Farm and Garden
Association, along the lines Of in
struction in thrift.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

tails for taking care of nurses who
are out of health. The American
hospital at Neuilly is available to
nurses overseas who are i'll or
wounded. Upon leaving this hospi-
tai they are sent to the Convalcscent
House for Red Cross workers at
Cannes. Another feature of taking
care OF nurses worn out with their
war service is the recent establish
ment by the Red Cross Of crest
areas" for nurses in Belgium. Sew
eral pensions" and hotels have been
opened by the Red Cross for their
personnel abroad, of which their
nurses can take advantage. And
upon returning to this country the
nurse will be cared for in the Red
Cross nurses home or hospital
nearest her home. A bureau of in
formation has been established in
New York for the rehabilitation of
returning war nurses.
Now, Red Cross nurse and an
army nurse are not the same, al
though an army reserve nurse may
have come from the Red Cross and
may return to it when her military
service is finished. There have been
only GOA Red Cross nurses overseas
as such, although many Red Cross
nurses have seen service after being
recruited for the army and taken
into the army nurse corps as reserve
nurses. However, when they join
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
NeU York Tribune
Warrington Bureau
WASHINGTON. Nav 9.

w Ao141AN YIN, MAY y.
" HE news of the death in
France of Jane Delano, d.
rector general of the De-
partment of Nursing of the Ameri-
can Red Cross, has brought forth in
quiries as to the personal care given
American nurses abroad. Miss De
lano died at Base Hospital SO, Sava-
ney, France, of complications fol
lowing mastoiditis, for which she
underwent an operation several
weeks ago.
Miss Delano sailed from New
York January on the steamship
George Washington, for the purpose
of making a personal survey of the
nursing situation in France, Italy,
the Balkans and other countries
where the American Red Cross is
engaged in work. She was taken i'll
soon after arriving in France. Sew
eral weeks ago her condition be-
came critical.
Under Miss Delano's direction
more than 10000 nurses were re-
cruited through the American Red
Cross for service in the army and
navy after the United States en-
tered the war.
They Wear
Three Service Stripes
Many Of these nurses who wen.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
BY K. w. SINCLAIR

NOR every American man who
fell on the battlefelds of
Europe nine of our babies
lave died. These are the startling
figures of the Bureau of Child Hy-
siene. The war period total was
10000, against our casualty list of
$4,000. And most of these babies
lied from preventable causes.
Of every three deaths one is of a
child under three years. DR.. S. Jose
phine Baker, director of the Bureau
of Hygiene of the City Board of
Health, frankly brands US as a ma
ton careless of human life, and
figures fasten her charge on us.
But the experience of the New York
Diet Kitchen Association land no
doubt of other kindred groups) has
been that when these facts are really
brought to our consciousness helpful
response is immediate. That this re-
spouse falls so far short Of the need
can only mean that the full weight
of such figures is not visualized as
it should be.
If the horror of huge ctyful Of
little slaughtered baby bodies were
really brought home to the parent
heart of our great-hearted nation, it
would quicken to one mighty effort
the determination that such things
should no longer be.
DR.. Harvey Wiley, long head of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

of the forty piglet bonds which
are issued to cover the initial cost
Tof the pig. These bonds sell at SO
cents each.
Campfire Girls or Boy Scouts are
asked to appoint a reliable member
of their organization as collector
Of garbage. A member of the COM
mittee is appointed Inspector of
garbage, her duty being to visit con-
tributing homes to assure her COM
mittee that the pig is not being fed
on Victrola needles, broken glass,
tin cans and the like indigestible
fodder, although a community goat,
perhaps, might utilize these.
When the pig weighs from $50 to
300 pounds the directions are to sell
him to the local butcher, and follow
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
Nine Infant Deaths to Each
Fatality Of the
War

, the National Bureau of Health, says
of the workers for child conserva-
ton that they are "in the very front
line trenches of humanity, on duty
without rest, fighting against ter
rifle odds, but as certain of ultimate
victory as the forces of the Allies
were against the devastating Hun"
Milk Is Life
To Babies
Can it be possible that our charity
must have the perspective of dis
lance? 1t would seem so, for no
unusual difficulty was found in
financing with American money five
milk stations in London recently.
Yet figures showed that while the
percentage of malnutrition among
London babies was IL per cent, that
of New York babies during the
same period was 81 per cent. A
speaker lately remarked that "New
York needs to be three to five thou
sand miles from itself in order to be
aroused to a sense of it's crying
needs"
There is one great body of agree
ment where the lives of babies and
children are concerned and that is
the imperative necessity for pure
milk. 1t is actually life-fuid for in
fants and hardly less than that for
the small child and Of the utmost
Importance to the proper mainte-
nance of health during the prenatal
and nursing period of mothers.
To-day the price Of certified milk
is out of reach of even the moder-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

; feeding; baby conferences are held
and mothers classes in food prepar-
alton, household and baby hygiene
are used to spread child knowledge.
Occasionally baby and child con-
tests for prizes are held, such as the
one instituted by the city milk sta
tions during the recent milk exposi-
ton week. The standard of per-
lection in this contest was 1000
points, and two of the New York
Diet Kitchen Association babies took
prizes as 1000 points perfect.
Naturally, the stations are all in
crowded districts, but their atmos-
phere varies greatly with the en-
virons. Down in Mott Street almost
all of the applicants are Italians,
though occasionally an Acknowledged,
stolid, Oriental doll-baby adds a
picturesque touch. This is the dis
trict of little mothers"; many of
these hardly-more-th baby sisters
with babies in arms Cor on their
hips in the good old Italian wav)
come for the milk before school
time. The matron is Italian and for
the benefit Of visitor she asked one
such little mother" why she did not
leave the baby at home. She an
swered: "He cry for me. | fix his
milk and get him to sleep, then he
not cry when | go to school," These
tots, bred to motherliness, make pitt
fully early marriages and still look
like children when they are mothers
themselves.
A station near the river in the
East Seventies has also large pro-
portion of Italian mothers, vet thew
are of more Americanized type.
with superior living standards, and
are less careless in carrying out ad-
vice for their welfare. Whether this
is because Of less crowded conditions
or because the mothers come in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

vote that hour to surgical dressings,
classes, refugee work or ministerina
to the wants of those whose homes
had been hit by the influenza cpl
demlc. Then, too, stenographers,
clerks and girls in Office buildings
would, at the close of the business
day, offer their services, gratis, to
the draft boards or any of the other
countless bureaus organized for the
speedy termination of the war.
In actual figures the women whose
services brought monetary remuner-
alton were listed as follows:
Mechanical and manufact-
uring .................... 1000, 900
Agriculture ............. 100000
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
Pay for a
Patriotic Piglet

The Farm and Garden Association
is urging, through it's members
community pigs and club pigs; it is
authorizing these groups to issue
"Piglet bond" patriotic piglet
bonds" might make them perhaps
bit more fetching.
In view of the still serious food
shortage, the plan of the association
is to put real pork in the pork bar
rel. Zone ton of garbage" says Mrs.
G. S. Bangs Steward, chairman of
the land service committee and dele
gate for agriculture to the peace
conference, will make 100 pounds
of pork. If seventy towns in each
state should raise one 300-pound
hog, this would mean an increase
of 100000 pounds of pork pro-
duced from what is now thrown
away as waste.
The plan is as follows. 1t sounds
a little like a genealogical chapter
of Genesis: State chairmen appoint
county chairmen, county chairmen
appoint town and village chairmen,
town and village chairmen appoint
committees. This committee buys a
hopeful young porker more than
three months old, weighs him, finds
patriotic person who will arrange
decent and suitable place for his
worthiness to live, either in the vii
lage or on its outskirts. His
worthiness the pig also is provided
with two women caretakers. who
serve alternate weeks and are paid
by being given, each Of them, five
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
During the War Is 600 900 Women Earned VIZ

& TATISTICS have proved that
~ during the world war nearly
] fifteen million women actually
were drawing pay for their services
wore than million of them never
rad done days work in their lives.
ne number Of volunteers would add
another million to that total.
In the Liberty Loan campaigns
alone 100000 women acted as vol.
unteers. There was a similar mum.
Der in the United War Drive. For
the Red Cross the total must have
been millions, for in this organiza-
ton women who worked all day or
who kept house all daH and who
I...d IN ttour TO sparek would de-.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

overseas are returning now with
one and two and three gold service
stripes on their sleeves. They are
beginning to tell the stories of their
personal experiences with the A. E.
r., and reports are that many Of
them have been dissatisfied, and
with cause. The committee to secure
military rank for army nurses is
getting the testimony of 1000
American nurses, whose names will
be used as soon as they are out Of
the military service, with which to
push forward the bill to secure mill
tary rank for nurses. 1t is believed
that the sum of these personal ex-
periences will be sufficient to make
Congress see military rank for
nurses in the light of furtherancc
to army efficiency
For the sake of the service the
nurse is expected to take care of
herself so that she may give the
greatest efficiency in her work. If
a nurse becomes i'll on board ship
she is cared for by the ships ply
sician. If she is still ill when the
ship arrives in port usually she is
sent to the hospital nearest the port.
There she is taken care of until we'll
enough to resume duty or is sent
home if it is thought she is not fit
to go on with her work.
The Red Cross has special hospi-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

would appear as beatific visions.
Aside from the childrens enjoy
ment of such sights, their educa-
tional value would be high. Here in
America we need small farms, we
need people on the farms, we need
city boys and girls intensely inter
ested, as all normal children are in
terested, in pigs and hens and
chickens. If they become familiar
with their, care and housing, if a
small model farm were maintained
within easy access of city children,
1t would prove a wonderful inspira-
ton to going countryward.
Let the Children Split Up
Van Cortlandt Park
The whole place could be an ex-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
Have You a Little Porke1
In Your Flat?

Although the associations plan
only considers supplying villages
and towns with this natural garbage
consuming plant, there is no reason
why the worthy porker might not
as we'll fulfil his destiny in the city,
and make for the city still more
profitable rendition Of garbage than
now obtains.
He could be educational, too.
The pigs might be fine, we'll bred,
handsome specimens, worthy of a
home in The Bronx or in Van Cort-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

FoPt coc1'Vo V111y UT
women who already were mill
trained and does not include those
who left other occupations to assist
in war work, nor does it include
those who had had no previous ex-
perience in work of any kind.
In 1910 one-fourth of all the wom-
en- in industry we're married. and
more than Is per cent were either
widowed or divorced In 1918 the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
Refuse Charity
But Accept Help

There is very real reason why
"cost" milk reaches a wider need
than free milk: while the supervi-
sion of the babies and children and
education in hygiene Of the mother
are secondary only to the need for
unquestionably pure milk, the great
majority of the most deserving poor
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
The Bright
Brown Babies

There's a "black belt" station
where the bright brown babies are
almost exclusively the callers. Col
ored babies, who are mostly breast
fed, are an exceptionally fine lot
when very young, but statistics show
that they tend to develop diseases
due to wrong feeding when they
reach the runabout age. HYGIENE
education of the mother is very
essential in this race because they
have so lately come from a country
where fresh milk was a matter of
course that they seldom realize the
dire effects of weaving with patent
foods or ordinary ''bulk" milk. For
this same reason they find it hard to
adjust themselves to city conditions
of housing and the cold climate and
much home supervision is essential
to their community wellbeing
They are especially subject to
tubercular troubles. 1t is hard to
make them realize how essential
proper food is to the child. A
visitor actually found one seven
months-old baby propped up at the
dinner table sucking a piece of salt
pork with a big chunk of cornbread
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

touch with the eighborhood family
needs. Mothers are asked to bring
their babies in weekly for register
ing weight improvement and advice
by doctor and nurse on care and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
The Responsibility Rests Upon
All Mothers to Sure
AU Babies

closer contact with other more mod
ernized races is open to argument.
This district has large percentage
of Jewish and Irish mothers and
boasts keen rivalry in baby clean
illness and weekly improvement.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

refuse to take their children to a
charity milk station, but will gladly
avail themselves of the opportunity
to get the best milk at a low price.
In this way the station comes in
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

diers, are bitterly resentful of the
governments treatment of the
nurses.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

the army nurse corps they are I'M
der the jurisdiction of the Surgeon
General.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11

Those employed in the actual
winning of the war or in positions
listed as necessary for the winning
of the war included
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-11
By FRANCES DUNCAN MANNING
6kD[GS is Pigs" wrote Ellis
Parker Butler. But Mr..

Butler was in error. Ac-
oording to the Women's National
Farm and Garden Association, pigs
Is not only pigs, pigs is Natures
effective and sanitary and profitable
garbage consuming plant. This in
teiligent and hustling women's or
ganization has a new slogan, make
the pig our garbage consuming
plant" Or, to put it more succinct-
ly though less elegantly, "Get pig
for garbage pail"