davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
PACIFIC FLEET
HAS BIG GUNS

drawing had been started. On April
20, 1913, completed gun was rolled
OF its own wheels to Sandy Hook prov
ing grounds for long-range tests.
The guns, Secretary Daniels said,
originally were intended for the new
battle cruisers, but change in design
OF the vessels made the guns avail
able for land service.
The guns were mounted on car
riages which could be moved freely
over the French railroads. With them
went their naval crews. Twelve cars
were required for each gun-machine
shop cars, armored ammunition cars,
kitchen, berthing, crane end wireless
cars. The batteries were sufficiently
mobile that if an order came to move
while in action, they could be on their
way in an hour.
Greatest Range of Mobile Guns.
The 14-inchers had greater range
than any gun ever before placed on
mobile mountings. The German guns
which fired on Paris were freaks"
They were built on permanent steel
and concrete foundations. Their pro-
jectile was small and specially built
for long flight. This reduced their eff
ficiency and while they had moral ef-
feet, their military value was small.
Because of their permanent position
their location was discoverd by allied
aviators and the guns siEenced.
The German 15-inch gun in F1an-
ders also became famous for it's long
range bombardment Of Dunkirk and
other allied bases, but neither could
be shifted from base to base without
delay of weeks. The American ID
inch gun could move from one end
OF France to another and had range
of 80 miles. At range Of $4,000 yards
it pierces armor successfully.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
HARD TO SAVE I'M BOLIVIA
But Also Living Cost, Writes
Youth.

Santa Fe, N. M.-Saving money is
much harder task in South America
than in the United States, despite the
higher salaries paid there, says Eu-
gene Lujan Of Santa Fe, who recently
resigned his position as clerk of the
American legation at La Paz, Bolivia.
In a letter to his father young Lu-
Jan points out that, though one can
earn more in South America than in
North America, the cost of living is
higher. Shoes which sell for $6 in the
United States cost $12 in Bolivia.
Board and room amount to $50 a
month, laundry at least $12, and ev.
erything else in proportion.
Although Spanish is the official lam
guage," Lujan writes, ''there are many
dialects, for the population is consid-
erably mixed. We have Ayamaras,
who are pure Indians; the Cholos, or
half-breeds; the Bolivians, the Eng
nsh, the French and the Germans"
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
ISSUE CURIOUS STAMPS

Czecho-Slovakia stamps recently re-
ceived here are simply the united
arms Of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia
with the inscription "Ceska-Slovenska
Statni" printed on the Magyar stamps.
They were issued when the Czecho-
Slovak troops invaded Hungary.
The disputed port of Fiume has been
provided with striking series of pic
tor1al stamps, apparently in anticipa-
tion Of an Italian mandate, for they
all bear the words "Fiume proclaima
+ annessione all Italia" and the date
3O-1O-1918. The four designs include
the statue Of Romulus and Remus fed
by the she-wolf, the piazza of st. Mark,
and ancient Venetian galleon and the
portrait of DR.. Crossich.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
MERCHANDISING METHODS

Modern methods of merchan-
dising, which have brought sue
cess to the foremost businesses
Of the country, should be
brought to the attention of deal
ers in cooperative markets by
the market manager. This
should be one of his particular
functions, and he should be Sc
lected largely with a view of
his knowledge Of merchandising,
his enthusiasm and his ability
to inspire confidence in and OBJ
tain results from the class of
men who operate market stalls.
The manager should get his
dealers together from time to
time and talk to them on mer-
chandising methods. He should
spend much time in the market
observing operations and sug-
gesting improvements, and
should let it be understood
that he will be glad at any time
to help in the solution Of any
problem that may arise.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
FEEDING SYSTEMS
Labor Is Saved and Less Danger Of
Bowel Trouble in Giving Fowls
Their Feed Dry.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
There are two systems in use for the
feeding of fowls, in one Of which all
the feed is given dry and in the other
of which one or more of the daily feeds
consists Of a moistened mash. For
convenience they may be termed the
"dry feed" and the "mash" systems,
although in the dry feed system dry
mash is often fed. Dry feeding is used
by many where it is not convenient to
make and feed moistened mash.
from the dry system are the saving Of
labor and the lessened danger of bowel
trouble resulting from sloppy or soured
maSheS.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
PhiIateIiStS Are Enthusiastic Over
Latest Curi0S.
Small Nations of Europe Resort to
Odd Experiments to Provide
Postage Stamps.

London.-Stamp collectors, Of which
London has it's full share, are enthu-
siastic over the curious postage stamps
which are beginning to reach them
from the smaller European states.
One example from Lithuania is Of
the first permanent issue of that coun-
try. 1t has been Autographed on
heavy Silurian gray paper formerly
used for the printing of bread tickets.
Lettland, Lithuania's neighbor. print
ed it's first stamps on the backs Of Ger
man ordnance maps, but these proved
a little unwieldy and now it's stamps
are printed on the fimsiest of cigar
cite papers.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22

will interfere with ejecting a dealer
in case he refuses to conduct his busi-
ness in accordance with the market
rules and regulations and in the best
interests of the market as a whole.
All equipment such as counters, racks,
cold-storage boxes and, if possible,
computing scales, should be owned by
the city, so that no dealer will acquire
property rights in the permanent fix
lures in the stall.
In all his efforts to better merchan-
dising methods in the market, the
manager should keep in mind two fun
damental things: Q) To justify the
existence of the market, consumers
must obtain food more cheaply than
ir can be obtained from most private
stores; (2) to induce the dealers to
make this cheaper food possible, they
must be given a greatcr aggregate re-
turn than if they were in business
merely as private storekeepers. The
competent manager, if given adequate
powers by the city, can accomplish
both aims. One of the first regula-
LAOAS SAOO1O OO W OILlP Iu0 DIlC0
Of food products as completely as pos
sible all charges for service normally
hidden in the price. A dollar spent In
the market should bring a dollars
worth Of food, not, say, 85 cents worth
of food, 10 cents worth of delivery
and cents worth Of credit. The ma
jority Of those who buy in the market
pay cash and carry away their pur-
chases. 1t is manifestly unfair to
make them pay higher prices in order
that someone else may take advan-
tage Of the so-called free delivery and
free credit. One of the first rules of
a market, therefore, should be that
dealers will not be permitted to grant
credit or deliver goods at the dealers
expense.
Smaller Profits.
The market manager should insist
to dealers in the market that the saw
ings effected by them as compared
with outside dealers, by reason Of the
lower rentals and the absence Of de-
livery and credit expenses, should be
passed on to the consumer In lower
prices. Because of decreased operat-
ing expenses, dealers in the market
can sell at considerably reduced prices
and still make the same margin of
net profit as the average storekeeper.
AS a matter of fact, they can well
afford to take a somewhat smaller
margin of profit, since fair reduction
of prices as compared with other com.
petitors will attract more customers
and so will build up the volume Of
their business and increase the rapid.
ity Of their turnover. The result will
be that the aggregate net income built
from a large number Of small unit
profits, together with saving in waste
OF goods due to their rapid movement,
will be greater-and often very much
greater-than incomes built by private
service stores from larger but fewer
profits which are subject to reduction
from spoilage because of slow move
ment of goods.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
PROBE CLAIM TO AGE OF 1870
National Geographic Society VIII In
vestigate Case Of Kentucky
Patriarch.

Louisville, Ky.-The National Geo
graphic society has been asked to in
vestigate the claim Of John Shell, a
mountaineer of Leslie county, Ken
lucky, that he is one hundred and thir-
ty years old. Shells neighbors cor
roborate the statement concerning his
age. Shell has nine children. He says
the oldest is ninety years old. He Is
said to have 200 descendants in his
home section, several being great
great-grandchildren. The mountaineer,
who claims excellent eyesight, steady
nerves. and general good health, at
tributes his long life to outdoor liv-
ing and temperate habits.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
TAUGHT WORK
THEY LIKE BEST

playin' of mine," he added deprecat-
ingly. The adviser looked at the ring
carefully. 1t was we'll done, with a
certain look about the engraving that
gave him an idea.
That's Just Play"
"How would you like to learn en-
craving and get good position at it?"
"Doin' this? Say, this amt work.
It's just play, and nobody pays you for
havin' a good time, do they?"
Lets have a try at it," suggested
the adviser, "and see what happens"
The federal board sent the man to
learn engraving, and in few months
he was the best Of all the workers in
the jewelry store where he was en-
ployed.
That ring was the key that opened
the door of success to him. He has
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
Powerful 14-Inch Batteries For
midabIe Feature of West
ern Squadron.
DID GREAT SERVICE IN WAR
Big Naval Guns Mounted or Railway
Carriages Were Strong Factor In
Reducing the ST. Mihiel
Sector.

San Francisco, Cal.-Not the least
interesting feature of the new Pacific
fleet is the 14-inch guns, II of which
are mounted on Admiral Hugh Rod
mans flagship, the New Mexico, and
several other ships of the fleet.
Design and construction Of the IL
inch naval gun on railway mountings
on the western front was one Of the
great accomplishments Of the Ameri-
can navy during the war. The guns
hurled 1,4OO-pound projectiles far be-
hind the German lines, and were a
strong factor in reducing the st.
Mihiel salient.
Built in Record Time.
The gun was designed, built and de-
livered in less than four months. On
retary Daniels official report, not a
December &C. 1917, according to Sec
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF Agriculture.)
Vigilance is the price not only of
liberty but of successful cooperative
marketing. A city cooperative market
may have fine buildings and equip
ment, but unless it is supervised by
a competent manager who diligently
enforces a well-worked-out system Of
operation, the enterprise will sooner
or later fail. This is the rock on
which practically all unsuccessful mar
kets have broken, say city mar
keting specialists of the United States
department of agriculture.
If a system of municipal markets is
not so operated as to provide place
where people can purchase food more
cheaply than at other food distribut-
ing agencies, the system is not justi-
fed, the specialists believe. While it
is true that public markets are useful
in that they assemble and make read
lily available large assortment Of GER
tain products, some Of which might
otherwise be wasted, this is Of rela-
lively minor Importance in determih-
ing the markets success. Well-oper-
ated markets may also benefit prac-
tically all consumers by furnishing
competition which will stimulate pri-
vate food dispensing agencies to oper-
ate more efficiently and to charge low
er prices than they would If the COM
petition Of the markets did not exist.
But public markets cannot bring low
er prices unless the cost Of operation
Is less in them than elsewhere. This
is largely the problem Of the market
manager.
Give Manager Unhampered Field.
The first essential to a successful
market is competent, well-informed
epd progressive manager. A man IA
miliar with modern merchandising
methods should be procured even If
the salary asked is more than at first
seems necessary. No private COM
mercial enterprise would think of plac-
ing a plant in which 100000 or more
has been invested in charge of an in
competent, poorly-paid manager. This
has been done, however, by some city
markets with very unsatisfactory re-
Suits Such a market has never come
up to expectations and the commu-
nifty which it is intended to serve, as
well as many observers, have been
led rightly to question the work of
the whole municipal market idea.
The manager must have an unham-
pered field in which to work. In ad-
ditlon to having satisfactory equip
ment he must make and enforce strict
ly good, practical sanitary regulations
governing the methods Of doing busi-
ness on the part of the dealers in the
market. To do this, he must be given
almost dictatorial powers and not be
obstructed by politics or other outside
Influences.
Renting Market Stalls.
Most successful markets rent the
stalls from month to month. By this
method, no question of long lease
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
Cat Scared by Tin
Can Raises Rumpus

Stamford, Gonna stray cat
snarled things here badly early
this morning. The feline hobo
was desperately hungry, and in
it's haste and eagerness to sat-
isfy the hunger, thrust it's head
into a salmon can that ap-
peared to shrink. The cat was
unable to get it's head out and
rushed about blindly, knocking
down babies in it's efforts to free
itself. People in the neighbor-
hood called the police and the
fire departments to kill the cat.
Tabby was very tame after the
can was pried off by a cop.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22

walked up and is enthusiastic about his
work; only, he says, "Its not work.
This is fun"
Work always is fun when you have
found the right vocation, and the fed
eral board is trying to find what the
disabled soldiers like to do best.
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22

Clamps and piece of rubber tubing
to be fastened with a fruit jar to
broom to supply it with moisture have
been invented to aid in dustless sweep.
ing
Arizona state miner., 1919-08-22
Sheep ror Profit.

Sheep cannot be handled with
profit on every farm, but it is possible
for them to return good profit ON
most farms.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
Aeev.r Rsieet. ,+un feed parl.y.

tassvsr rejects Hun Food Farley.
Washington.--A message from Paris
states two German officials. who were
prominent In the German administra
tion Of Beigiun, wired from Berlin to
Walter Lyman Brown, director Of the
commisslon for relief In Belgium at
Rotterdam. that they had been ap-
pointed by the German government to
negotiate with Mr.. Hoover for food
supplies, and that they desired Mr..
Hoover to advise them when and
where he would meet them. In an
swer to the request for conference,
Mr.. Hoover sent this msssage: "You
can describe two and half years OF
arrogance toward ourselves and cruel
ty to the Belgians in any language you
may select. and tell the pair person
ally to 90 to hell with my compli-
ments. II l do have to deal with Ger.
mans 1t will not be with that pair"
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
Hundred Killed In bsriin Fietins.

Hundred kItlsd In Berlin Rlotins.
London.-Nearly 100 persoos were
killed in the street fighting which be-
gan In Berlin on Tuesday morning, ac-
cording to reports from the German
capital. transmitted by the Exchange
Telegraph correspondent at Copenha-
gen. The Republican guards tried
several tinss to take the royal sta
bles and the headquarters Of the re-
voting sailors. but wers repulsed.
Many soldiers belonging to the Berlin
guard and few Of the Republican
6uard Joined the sailors. vorwAsrts
ssDorts.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
pREsiO9Nr vsleoss Apsb eAfr.ete
CHIEFS Dtscvse sMpoRr-
ANT poiNrs.
RUtEs MEET
FRANK covRsE or coNEERGEs
LEADS EXECUTIVE TO ExPacr .
eArlsFAcroAy AoREEMgNT.
ws...r. Newspaper un'ss New, s.rvsee.

Wssssss Nswspapsr unteh Nsws osrvteA
Loadan, DEC. 9a.-0reat strides To-
ward amicAble settlenent Of highly Inn
pottant peace. preltmtnaries we're
made Friday when President Wilson,
Prcmier Lloyd 0eeres and Foreign
Secretary Balfour conferred At Buck
ingham palace.
This was the distinct understanding
at the conclusioa Of the conversation.
President Wilson met the British lead
ers in HIS apartment The eession
lasted an hour aud . half.
The league Of nations, freedom OF
the seas and the Russian situation
were known to have bseA discussed.
Az the President and the British
ministers came down TIE stsps Of the
palace shortly after noon they were
in high good humor. They departed at
once for Downing street. where they
lunched with other British statesmsn
and American Ambassador Davis.
Premier Lloyd George passed out
Of the palace gates first. and the
crowd Of some 1000 persons which. de-
spite the rain that was falling. had
gathered to see the President. gave
Mr.. Lloyd George = passing cheer.
President Wilson. who was sccom-
panied by Sir Charies Gust. the kings
equerTy, followed almost Immediately.
His car proceeded at slow pace. and
the people assembled gave him q
hearty cheer. which was repeated
again and again ~ the car passed
down the Mall toward the official rss'
idence Of the premier. Ths President
acknowledged the cheers, smiling and
lifting his hat.
When his car turned into 0ownins
street q great cheer was raised BY
the waiting crowd. Through the lane
of waiting people the car rapidly drew
up at No. 10. about 100 yards W
Downing street. Rear Admiral Gray
SON. who escorted the President
stepped out and was followed by the
President himself.
There may b IN inkiing OF tho re
suits attained at Friday's conferences
in the addresses which President VIII
go will deliver today in the Guild
hail ard On Monday ut Manchester
About all that can - said at this
tins, 1t 10 indicatsd from American
sources, u that The Presidsat fuund
the spirit Of accommodation and
opsn-minded coasideratinn which hs
expected. = ~
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
LEAGUE TO END WARS
WILSON pIMGs sWlrh soLDlERs
AND eEMoe chRtsrMAs
0NGgTtto.
Yankee ssldlsFs st tsssns and Abreas
Are lnspiratien fer vuistids
Celebration.
western Newspaper Union New. Service.

Western Newspaper Union News ssrvtcs-
Washington. Dec. 2s.-America esa-
ebsatsd q Victory Christmas. The 81
diers and sailors who made such q
Christmas possible had q large part
in the celebration. Though large
proportion OF the military force the
nation remained overseas. those. WHO
have returned were givsa 4 welcome
in every community and had = major
part in tho days celebration.
In washington the day was cele-
hrated quietly. but whole-heartedly.
For the first time in the nations his
tory Christmas was NOT observed at
the White House. President Wilson.
In France for the peace conference.
spent the day with the American
troops at the front. Members Of the
cabinet and of Congress- spent the day
with their families.
President Wilson sent to the Amer
lean people the following Christmas
message:
Il hope that II will cheer the pso-
PIE 1t home to know that lind their
boys oveg here in fine form and IN
fine spirits, esteemed BY all those
with whom they have been associated
II the war and trusted whsfever they
90. and they viii also. am aurs. be
cAsered BY the knowledge OF the fact
that throughout the great nations with
which We have been associated in this
war. public opinion strongly sustains
all proposals. for Just and lasting
peace and a close cooperation Of the
self-governlng peoples Of the world in
making that peace secure after its
present settlements are formulated.
Nothing could constitute . moro &C
ceptable Christmas reinsurance than
tho sentiments which find evsr:-
where prevalent"
Christmas In the heart Of Americas
military organization in France. For
the first time an American executive
assumed the actual role Of comman-
der-in-chief of the United States army
in foreign territory.
After passing through the fieIds Of
tho Marine battles OF 1914 and 1913 on
= special train Tuesday night, the
President arrived at American head
quarters here at o'clock Christmas
morning.
The President. after . brief recep-
tion at the Hotel de ville. left for
Lanyres, where he reviewed and ad-
dressed the troops. From there be
went to Montigny-le-Roi, headquar-
ters Of the Twenty-sixth New Eng
land) division, and helped the dough
boys eat their special Christmas
Chow"
Returning to Chaumont. the Presi-
dent reviewed the headquarters gar.
rison. The troops were drawn up in
the big courtyard about which the
army executive buildings stand. VIII
sons automobile circled the court
yard. then sped up the broad b0ule-
ward to Cen Pershings' chateau.
The President left for London at 6
o'clock last night.
Tho arrival of President Wilson
Is one OF the greatest events in our
own and in American history" says
the Times in an article Of welcome to
England to the American executive.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
kAL 7,s0s,768 IN WAa
EsTtmArRp cAsuAlrlEs ron
sGvGn GREAT POWERS atvGh.
Large Army q Rs1s cswssntfatsd ~
Won hlndsmbvrV at peesn,
German pelaRd. !.

Cologne. Casualties In the great
war may pass the stassering total Of
81 .Bs1.76s, Of which 7.sW.7ss ware
deaths In battle. from wounds or frum
disease, according to rough estimate
complied from authsntic (mostly Off
cial) sources.
The total losses Of seven Of the first
class powers from death N battls or
disease and accident and in wounded
aud missing were listed ~ follow:
Germany. e.0se,7e9 (3.oo0, 900 dsad) :.
Austria, 1000. 900 100000 dead).
Russia, s.ls0.000 Q.70o.0o0 deaA).
France (estimatsd). ALSO. 900 Il. 400
900 dead).
0rest Britain. s.o4s.ssl tess. 900
dead).
Italy. 1,500. 900 (z0o. 1000 dsadl.
America. 2e4.ss8 (73.7ss dsad).
Americas casualty lists still ars
coming in, while the Austrian losses
were compiled only mp to the end OF
last May. Others had to b estimated.
a. France. for instance. has never
given out an official llst Of losses.
London, Dec. IA Bolshevfk army
ie advancing toward Germany in the
region OF Nitau, according 70 the Bar
lin Lokai Anssioer, - quoted IN .
Copenhaoen dispatch to the Tines.
The .Bolshsvilf are said to b plan
ming 70 encoufags the German rad
icals with . view TO unboosing great
social revotutioa throashout centrai
Europe.
Zurich.-Fiesd Nsrshal Won Hinder
burg. according 10 reports received
here froA Germany. has Concentrated
a large force OF soldiers In Pcssn.
The Ebsrt government m Berlin 10
reported to b faced with another
crisis through the resisnation Of the
minority members Of the cabinet.
Political circles in Berlin, another
report says, are agitated By . rsmor
that Gen. 0roener. who succeeded
Gen. Ludendorf ~ CHIEF quaftsrmes-
ter general. has threatened TO ssise
Berlin with TROOPS that have remained
faithful II order II not rsestablished
there shortly.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
Living cess Asvaness q Fer csnt

Living cest Advance e2 Per Cent
New York.-The cost OF living In
New York state has increased 81 per
cent since 1914. according to figures
made public by the Consumer League
OF New York. The figures taken from
records Of actual living expenses Of l.
7eQ women. showed n average week.
" budget Of t14.s1.. Including reom
and board, ee.67: clothes. e4.60: car
fare. medical care and incf1entals,
es.35. The average weekly budeet for
= working woman In 1914 was -.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
German Dead Near Two Million

German Dead Near Two Miliien.
New York.-When the total German
casualties are published the number OF
dead will be about 1000. 900, according
to the Cologne Gazette. Up to Oct.
IS the total casualties reported were
6.0s6. .7es. of whom more than 4 4.750. 900
were Prussfans.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-02
French Troops Dattls at odsssa.

French Troops eattis at odsssa.
Odessa.-There was sharp fighting
throughout the city for several hours
Dec. IS in which 5000 French troops
participated. French cannon on the
water front and the big guns of the
French battleship Justice fired over
the city, bombarding the Republican
camp beyond.