The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-12

| operator, and from that time his in- come increased materially and his rise continued rapid.
 In those days, as now, telegrapher had not only to be alert and uncom- monly intelligent, but a fair educa- tion was essential. Little Andy" as he was known, deprived of the advan- tage of schooling, had put in his spare time in study, and before he was eighteen had become an expert at the { key. He had laid the foundation of an education which later developed into a good literary style. Superior qualifications brought him to the po- fsition of train dispatcher on the Pennsylvania railroad before he was itwenty-one.
 In 1860 MT. Carnegie was appointed superintendent of the western division of the Pennsylvania system. At the outbreak of the civil war the future magnate was put in charge of the eastern military roads and telegraph lines, and he proved, as might have been expected, the "nan for the place."
 In 1862 MT. Carnegie organized the Keystone Bridge Works and built the first iron bridge across the Ohio. To increase the companys profits by furnishing its own iron he entered the field which made him one of the industrial sovereigns of all time. In 1868 MT. Carnegie investigated the Bessemer process in England and on establishing it in this country the story of his swift aggregation of wealth caused the public to marvel.
 By 1888 Carnegie had acquired 9 controlling interest in his principal lcompetitor, the Homestead Steel Works, and in seven other large es- ltablishments. And in 1899 he con- Isolidated all of them into the Car Inegie Steel company. He retired from business life in 1901, after trans ferring his vast properties to a syndi- cate at a valuation of five hundred million dollars, to be merged into a still vaster concern, the United States Steel corporation.
 MT Carnegie was then unquestion- ably the richest man in the United States. He used to say that bis achievements in business were not due to genius, but to organization. He had always shown a generous disposition, and after retirement gave Ihis attention chiefly to systematic philanthropy on stupendous scale. The Carnegie libraries are famous, and the Carnegie foundation, the Carnegie hero fund, the Carnegie desert foundation and the Carnegie institute at Washington are among the larger of his benefactions. Among the smaller was the gift of one hun dred and sixty thousand dollars to Stance university for the erection of science hall.
 | Years ago MT. Carnegie was quoted as saying, man to die rich was to die Idisgraced, or words to that effect. He has given away his wealth by millions upon millions, and if his estate is still large, he had in wonderful measure practiced what he preached.
 Mir Carnegie was lover of books and was the author of several works worth while. His Triumphant
 
 Democracy, published in 1886, and "The Empire of Business" published in 1902, won worldwide fame, and were printed in various languages.
 Gifted in many lines, MT. Carnegie will stand out with finest distinc- tion in his great humane institutions. Carusos pantry was communicated in Italy. To add to the horror of a situation that you'd hardly think could be worse, his stock of wines was confiscated also.
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 The automatic telephone deprives us of the extreme pleasure of listening to an Operator who shrills, "Th-r-r-r-r-r-eee!" instead of saying, Three"
 Everybody knows that time flies. yet it seems strange to recall that less than two years ago the slogan of the horrid Huns was Mach Paris!'
 England, we are told. is desirous of get ting back the heavyweight championship. Mfr Da1,pSav bas assIp,ed attitttda of