davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
RENT PASTURES AT RECORD
PRICES.

Cattle pastures in Kansas this sea-
son were rented at new record prices,
few instances of $40 a head a sea-
son having been recorded. and many
contracts were made at from Sl3 tC
SIS a head, while none were obtainable
below $40, according 10 reports to the
United States Department of AGricul-
ture. Even at these prices pastures
were sought early in the season by
men who wanted to rent grazing land,
but now the demand has eased up, as
most of the desirable land has been
leased and the owners flnd it necessary
to skirmish for cattle to fill those re-
naming. Ranchmen in Texas are in
better position this season to handle
their cattle at home. but because of
the prolonged drought in that State
much grass was killed out, which
means that for another season at
least cattlemen from Texas must seek
pastures in Kansas and surrounding
territory. 1t is expected that more
than a normal number of cattle will
be pastured N Kansas this season be
cause of the numerous rains there and
the large number of cattle wintered in
Oklahoma which will be shipped into
Kansas. Most OF the cattle usually 20
on grass soon after April 10 and many
remain on pasture as late as October
Is. although ordinarily most Of them
are marketed by October I.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
STRIPED CUCUMBER BEETLE,

At the time when the young cucum-
Der and squash plants appear. above
the ground numerous yellow and black
striped beetles about two-fifths OF an
inch long are seen feeding ravenously
upon the leaves, often killing or seri-
ously injuring them and making II
necessary in some cases to plant seeds
again.
The beetles may be identified by
their black heads and bright, yellow
wing covers bearing three black
stripes. A female beetle may lay
about 100 eggs during the period of a
month, depositing these singly in
crevices in the soil. usually near the
stem of the plant. The larvae are
slender. white wormlike grubs that
feed on the tender roots or tunnel
IT. to the base of the stem. Rarely is
the injury done by larvae noticeable.
though at times whole patches of
vines are killed by them. There is
but one generation each year in Con-
necticut.
Prof. G.. H. Lamson, entomolog.st
for Connecticut Agricultural College,
says young plants may he protecte
by covering the hill with a frame
upon which mosquito netting is fas-
tened. busting the plants heavily
with powdered lead arsenate mixed
with land plaster or spraying them
heavily with lead arsenate and water
will usually prevent serious injury.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
NALL GARDEN ASSOCIATIONS ORIGINATED IN DENMARK

the state grants considerable sums
used for giving premiums to the best
gardens. for pattern gardens for
editing papers and pamphlets for the
members and for assistance from hor-
ticultural advisers, &C.
The organization has It's own bu-
reau through which purchases are
made Of seed. chemicals, artificial fer
tilizer and help for combating plant
diseases. The members can at any
time have advice and help in all mat
tiers pertaining to their gardens.
One link of the organization, which
was started through the initiative of
the president, is the loan fund, through
which the less prosperous members
can have money advanced for the pur-
chase of garden tools and building Of
summer houses. This loan fund is very
much sought by the younger colonies.
and the administrator states that loans
are always fully repaid.
The work of the adviser has its
great Importance for the cultivators.
The adviser personally visits each gar
den, and in this way the owner gets
just the advice he most needs.
This form of cultivating small gar
dens has now extended to most Eu-
ropean countries, especially in the
Scandinavian countries, where the au-
thorities have long since understood
the great social and economic impor-
lance Of the idea
Our organization is glad to help
wherever in the world advice may be
desired for organizing small garden
associations.
We Danes have learned so much
from the great L. s. A., and We es-
pecially admire the elevated thoughts
and feelings for which this mighty
country has expressed during the
great war.
Therefore it will be doubly dear to
us to serve your country through this
idea, and all the more as many OF our
near relations are citizens OF your
country. A. DALsKov,
State Adviser TO the United Small Gar
den Associations in Denmark.
Gjentoffe, Denmark.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
BULL SNAKES ARE BENEFAC.
TORS.
by ALLEN S. WILLIAMS.
Director Reptile study Society of
America,

There are some species OF serpents
in North America of doubtful value as
human benefactors, although If they
are not poisonous friends OF the snake
may be eager to give them the benefit
of the doubt. Reptile students are al
ways gratified when reliable evidence
appears giving due credit to any va
riety of snake for its performance OF
a public duty. a. In the valuable lit
tie monthly periodical Copeid of the
American Society OF IchthyologIsts
and Herpetologists, edited by DR.. John
T.. Nichols, Curator OF Reptiles and
Fishes OF the American Museum Of
Natural History, April issue, Is an ac-
count contributed by Herbert ]. Pack
or Pennington. Utah, of meal en-
joyed by a Northwestern or Pacific
bull snake. Pituophis catenifer. Mr..
Pack received his information from
Frank T. Merrill, a prominent citizen
OF Preston, Idaho. Accompanied by
some boys. Mr.. Merrill was working
in an alfalfa field where field mice
were very busy and very numerous
The boys discovered large "bloW
snake" under a brush pile, and before
Mr.. Merrill could stop them one of
the boys injured the animal with a
blow from a pitchfork which made an
immediate despatch an act OF mercy.
An examination OF the snakes stomach
revealed that 1t had just swallowed
thirty-five field mice, many OF them
very young. The bull snakes nearest
relative to New York city is the pine
snake Of the pine plains of the coastal
region of southern New Jersey. This
serpent, with its sharp contrast OF
ebony black and ivory white which
makes 1t one of the most beautiful
serpents In the world, is beyond doubt
a valuable factor in preventing the in
crease OF rodents which consume enor-
nous amounts of food and are the es-
pecial bane of farmers and poultry
breeders, although neither class of
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
HAWKS AND CROWS
LIKE YOUNG CHICKS.

Hawks, crows, rats, foxes, skunks,
weasels, cats and dogs are the most
dreaded enemies Of the growing
chicken and every spring thousands
of chicks are destroyed by them
Poultrymen who have given thought
and attention to the question OF re-
ducing the loss due to these pests say
the best method of procedure is gen
orally prevention.
Hawks and crows are the most COM
mon pests. They are very cunning
and daring in the way they take the
chickens. They are not easily fright
ened away, and once they start to
harass a flock they will keep 1t up I'M
til the chickens are nearly full grown.
Hawks and crows like to watch
chickens and pounce upon them from
some moderately high point
Hawks may be caught in small
steel traps set on top Of the tallest
fence posts or on short poles near the
brooder house. The best way OF pre-
venting loss while the chickens are
small Is to fence in a small area OF
ground with two-inch mesh wire fenc-
ing. This prevents the crows and
hawks from gaining access to the
chickens. Another method which Is
sometimes effective in keeping crows
away, according to the State College
Of Agriculture. is to kill one or two and
hang them up around the field where
the chickens run.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
NEW CHINESE CHERRY. TREES.

Among the numerous cherries raised
at the Arnold Arboretum from the seeds
collected by Wilson in western China
there are six which are good additions
to the early spring Towering trees
which can be successfully grown in
this climate. The handsomest. prob
ably. is Prunus serrulata pubescens.
This tree is of the same species as the
Sargent cherry Up. serrulata sachalin-
ensis), but is smaller, rarely growing
in the forests which are its home to
greater height than fifty feet; the
flowers open nearly a week later and
are white family tinged with rose, and
somewhat smaller. The leaves, too,
are less deeply tinged with bronze
color as they unfold.
AS it grows in the arboretum the
branches OF this cherry are ascending
and slightly spreading. and form a
narrow. open, graceful head. Plants
raised from seeds which were gathered
on the mountains of China only twelve
years ago are seventeen or eighteen
feet high, and have been covered this
spring with flowers. This Is the most
widely distributed of these cherries.
as 1t is spread over central and north
ern China to Corea and through Japan
to Saghalien.
Prunus canescens Is a smaller tree.
Its greatest beauty. perhaps, Is found
in the bark of the trunk, which Is dark
orange brown, very lustrous, and sep
arates freely into large papery
scales much curled on the mar
gins. The flowers. which are small
and purple rose color. cover the leaf
less branches from end to end and are
more fragrant than those Of any other
cherry in the collection.
Another cherry which should find a
place in collections for the beauty OF its
dark. lustrous birchlike bark is Prunus
serrula thbetica, an inhabitant of the
forests which cover the high noun
tains Of the Chinese Tibetan border.
It has a low. broad, round topped head
with a trunk unusually large for the
height of the tree. This tree has not
yet Powered in the arboretum.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
MELONS.
By II. NJ. HAYDOCK,

Watermelons as well as muskmei
ons do the best on a light, sandy soil,
but the hills should be enriched with
well rotted manure and this we'll
mixed with the soil.
1t seems a little strange that water
melons though producing such large
fruit will thrive better on a poorer soil
than that required by muskmelons.
When muskmelons are planted on
such soil the hills should be planted
nearer together than the usual dis
lance Of six by four feet. five feet by
four is about right. Greater space is
required in the case Of watermelons,
the distance between the hills being
eight by ten feet. To get the best re-
suits the hills should be raised only
slightly above the surface of the
ground.
Muskmelons seem to require more
attention and care than watermelons.
1t Is quite necessary to cut back the
main vines of muskmelons to give a
better chance to the lateral branches
which bear the fruit. In the case of
muskmelons replanting is sometimes
necessary owing to weather condi-
IllB pc uODe as SOOIl DIS
the seedlings appear so as not TO let
them get too much start, as they will
choke out those planted later.
In the case OF both watermelons and
muskmelons, eight to ten seeds should
be planted In a hill and covered TO the
depth Of from one to one and a half
inches; the last IL soil Is dry. When
the seedlings appear and get well
started they should be Trimmed out to
three or four of the best plants.
1t Is important TO keep the weeds
from getting start. for they will
crowd out and harm the vines. After
the vines, however, attain a good size
1t is best not to disturb them too
much in cultivating the plants, as
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

One OF the most remarkable social
economic movements Of our time is
the small garden associations, which
partly Is a consequence of and partly
runs side by side with the evolution Of
our community.
The movement originated in Dem
mark and has been greatly advanced
in all European countries owing to
the shortage of food.
The organization in Denmark has
often had inquiries through the Amer
lean Legation, which shows that the
idea has even attracted attention In
the United States.
The first attempt at colony gar
dens" in Denmark was caused by a
law passed in 1928, by which some
towns, as Aarhus and Helsingor, had
ground given to the poor workmen for
the cultivation of vegetables. How
ever, these gardens had not much sue
cess as the whole arrangement was
looked upon as an aims.
Not until much later. in the year
1884, the first real colony gardens
were laid out at Aalborg by Jor-
gen Berthelsen, NJ. p. These gardens
were started on a cooperative founda-
ton, but with full responsibility for
each member and wit hthe double OBJ
ject OF giving support TO the cultivator
and at the same time educating and
improving the mind by creating a
happy domestic life in free and beau
tiful surroundings among plants and
flowers and teaching the children rev.
erence for nature in taking them away
from the dark back yards and bad So
ciety into the fresh summer air.
The practical and ingenious creator
of this sound and noble idea was Jor-
gen Berthelsen, NJ. P.
He Is now the president of the whole
Danish organization which comprises
about ESQ corporations. with gardens
covering an area of 1900 acres.
Few ideas have attained such popu-
larity among the working and middle
classes. 1t is interesting to take a
walk on a weekday evening or some
summer Sunday among these colony
gardens" down the neatly trimmed
paths between the Towering hedges.
What a pleasing sight when one peeps
into these gardens; here are excellent
vegetables, there beautiful flowers
among fruit trees and green bushes.
In the summer houses the owners
have arranged quite a small home.
Here the family partake OF dinner after
a weary days work, and when the
dishes are cleared away they all start
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
REMARKABLE BUNCH OF
ASPARAGUS.

The bunch of asparagus shown in
the above illustration consisted Of fifty
stalks and weighed nine pounds. This
was grown by Maurice Gray, superin-
tendent of the John 1. Waterbury es-
tate. Convent Station, n. J.
This bunch of asparagus shows re-
markable cultural skill. but Is Moth
ing exceptional for Superintendent
Gray, as it is the quality Of asparagus
he has been cutting for the past two
years. The variety is Conovers CO.
lossal.
The method OF culture follows:
The asparagus was planted In
trenches about six inches deep the
bottom Of which had been well lined
with thoroughly rotted manure. The
rows were three feet apart and the
plants were set about one foot apart
in the row. The bed had been planted
about three years when Mr.. Gray
came to the conclusion that the plants
were not set deep enough. and know
ing that the asparagus Is a voracious
feeder, In the autumn three years ago
he renovated the bed and top dressed
II with four inches OF good we'll rotted
oarnyard manure mixed with a little
soil. When winter came on the whole
bed was covered with another three
inches Of well rotted COW manure, and
in the following spring a good, strong
top dressing of bone meal and nitrate
Of soda was added with remarkably
successful results. Early each April
the bed had a light dressing Of as
paragus salt sown over the bed about
as thickly as lawn grass seed is sown.
All other departments OF John
I. Waterbury's estate are in a condi-
ton approximating the excellence Of
the asparagus bed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
WARM SCHOOL LUNCH
HAD WARM ADVOCATE

The school trustees were sceptical
when an upstate teacher suggested
that the school ought to be equipped
to provide the children who had to
bring their lunches at least one hot
dish at noon. Their opposition
melted, however, when she outlined
these reasons for the hot lunch:
Encourages a better lunch from
home.
Aids digestion-helps keep children
well.
Helps to provide better balanced
meals.
Makes children want to come to
school.
Enables the pupils to do more effec-
tive work in tho afternoon.
Causes children to take more time
to eat
Gives opportunity to learn and
practise right table manenrs.
May provide opportunity for SIM
pie lessons in home making.
Furnishes an avenue for new in
terest in old subjects If opportunities
for correlation are taken advantage
Of.
Affords opportunity for team work
among children.
1t can be done successfully in a
simple way in any school.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

they are very susceptible to injury in
this respect.
In this latitude the middle of May is
about the right time to plant. If
planted earlier e.~ycially in the case
of muskmelons, the seedlings may be
so injured by n sudden cold spell OF
weather that they never seem to fully
recover their vitality, and the yield
will be disappointing in consequence.
With muskmelons I prefer Melted
Gem: this is an early productive melon
and more uniform in size than some
varieties. Rocky Ford is also a good
melon. Hackensack is a larger va
riety.
Among watermelons prefer the Ice
Cream watermelon. for the reason
that owing to its size, which is not
large, 1t natures more readily than
some varieties. The only drawback is
that it has a greater number OF seeds.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

The first requirement of young
chicks is warmth-a temperature COM
Portable for them. Chicks hatch in a
temperature Of 1O2 to los degrees F.
When brooded by hens they remain
under the mothers nearly all the time
for two or three days. Chicks shipped
in small boxes are kept waxm by the
heat Of their bodies so long as the
boxes are not exposed to near freezing
temperatures. but this natural heat is
not sufficient when they are given
more liberty.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
LETTUCE GROWN ON FIELD
SCALE.

Lettuce Is being grown on a field
scale in the Imperial and Salt River
valleys of California, fields OF from
thirty to forty acres being not extraor-
binary. At the height Of the produc-
ton season-January and February
it is not uncommon for twenty-six
carloads Of lettuce day to be shipped
to the middle Western and Eastern
markets. This lettuce. grown under
irrigation, is produced by hand labor
and is of extra fine quality. The in
dustry was developed on a commercial
basis about three years ago and dur
ing the last two years has been one Of
the leading agricultural occupations Of
the State. These localities also pro-
duce carrots, peas. cauliflower and
table beans on less extensive scale.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

The United States Department of
Agr!culture's Farmers Bulletin $50
tells how to detect the presence Of in
sects and diseases and how to pre-
vent and fight them. 1t is sent free
on APPLICATION.
Top Soil, the garden annual pub
lished by THE Sun, has considerable
useful information on spraying and
much other valuable garden pointers
The price is 10 cents.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
The Movement Has Spread to Great
Britain and the United States.

gardening, watering, wedding and
planting to their hearts content.
Each colony has a certain number OF
members. sometimes fifty, sometimes
100 or several hundreds, according to
the area of ground at its disposal.
Each colony forms a society which
hires the ground, lays down drainage,
lays out paths, plants hedges. &C, and
the EXPENSE is covered by small sub
scription paid by each member. The
amount paid by the members depends
partly on the rent, partly on the cost
of laying out the gardens. Each men,
Der is bound to cultivate the ground
In the best way and to keep up the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

AS soon as radishes, lettuce, spinach,
peas and other early crops are har-
vested make preparations to utilize
the freed space with other crops.
Sweet cory. string beans. beets,
turnips. tomatoes, squash. cucumbers,
late cabbage and onions are good crops
to follow the early crops.
1t is not necessary TO wait until all
the early maturing plants are removed
before sowing seeds or setting plants
for the succeeding crops. The new
crops can be started between the rows.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
Flies will not remain in room where
there is light from blue window pane
or blue electric light globe.

Conserving moisture and killing
weeds are two OF the most important
operations performed in the garden
during June. Plants need water for
growth. This is especially true OF gar
den vegetables because of their larger
amount Of leaf surface from which
water is transpired. Weeds compete
with vegetables for plant food and
water.
Keep the wheel hoe, hand hoe or
rake at work. After every rain stir
the top layer. The loose soil forms a
mulch through which the water will
not pass. Cultivate at least once a
week during dry weather.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
FORGET-M NOT.

Not on the mountains shelving side,
Nor In the cultivated ground,
Nor In the gardens painted pride,
The flower ] seek is found.
Where Time on sorrows page Of gloon
Has fixed its envious lot,
Or swept the record from the tomb,
1t says forget me not
Ard this Is still the loveliest flower,
The fairest of the fair.
or all that deck my ladys bower.
Or bind her floating hair.
GoTHE.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

Look out for young men soliciting
subscriptions for magazines in order
to pay their way through college. If
the man Is known to be reliable It is
a good thing to help him along. There
are frauds, however, canvassing for
magazines.
Young men are canvassing in this
State for a floral magazine. represent
ed as having some connection with
Cornell University. The university
says this Is an evident intent to de-
fraud.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01
THE BLADDER SIENNA.

The bladder SIENNA, colutea arbores-
Gems. received Its English name from
the fact that Its leaves were used as
q substitute for SIENNA and to the red
dish bladdery pods which contain the
seeds that follow the yellow, pea
shaped flowers appearing in June.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

New York. Michigan and California
lead in the production of beans.
The bean growers of California pro-
pose having a Bean Day" The OBJ
Ject is to call the attention of the pub
lie to the desirability OF eating more
beans.
The New York State College asks.
why not a Bean Day for New
York;" Why not? Also an apple day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

With No. . timothy hay selling in
New York city at above s41 per ton
farmers who have more hay on hand
than they will need between now and
next haying season are in a position TO
cash in at record breaking prices.
Farmers will do we'll to watch city
quotations before selling their hay.
The hay crop this year bids fair to
be the largest ever harvested.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

hedges and paths according to the laws
of the society.
The summer houses are erected by
the owner Of the garden himself, the
only condition being a pleasing ap-
pearance.
All the societies or colonies are
joined in one organization, which by
the large number of members can in
huence the authorities in state and
community and succeed In getting ad-
vantageous conditions Of low rent and
help by direct allowances
BY appropriation of the Parliament
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

In some sections Of the country GULL
ing the youngsters can be commenced
very shortly now. 1t is as essential
next summer. All chicks when broiler
size that do not come up to the stan
dard in vigor should be disposed Of or
eaten. They never have paid and
never will.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

During the past ten years an. In
vestigation which has been in progress
at the Iowa Experiment Station, Ames,
Iowa, gives support to the belief that
a good producing and profitable dairy
herd may be built up from founda-
ton Of common cows, IL proper meth
DDS OF breeding. feeding and manage
ment obtain. The system Is explained
in an illustrated bulletin, No. 1873,
which may be had on application.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-01

Maple sugar and syrup will be scarce
this year There was so little frost in
the ground last winter that part Of the
sugar in the trees was used up by
root growth.
Usually thirty gallons Of sap will
make a gallon of syrup, but this year
one-third more syrup was required.