Harrisburg telegraph. [volume] (Harrisburg, Pa.) 1879-1948, 1919-07-14

Continued from Etrst PaSe.l
Senate would be nc more nor less
than a treaty legalized under our
Constitution. The plan for the for
nation of the League is skilfully con-
ceived. and the only one possible un-
der existing political conditions.
THE assembly of the League will
be composed of representatives of the
mmbers, who will be selected in ac-
cordanc with the laws of the respec-
tive states. In the case of the United
States the representatives being offic-
RS created by Treaty, would eb ap-
pointed by an act of Congress. Much
opposition has been urged because
a great nation like the United States
has only one vote in the assembly.
But what difference hoes the num-
ber of votes make. when upon all i'm
portant matters the action of the
assembly must be unanimous, or
have the unanimous concurrence of
the council. upon which the United
States Is permanently represented?
"The League could never be organ
lied on a basis other than that of
equal representation. If members
were accorded difference in repre-
sentation. upon what basis should the
apportionment be made. If upon
population China and India would
dominate the League and the United
States would have only one-rfteenth
of the number. If based upon wealth
and military power. the situation
would be equally as uncertain and
unsatisfactory.
u. 8. Stumbling Block
What better plan for the disarma-
ment could be devised? The council
is directed to prepare a general plan
of disarmament for the considera-
tion of the governments. which plan
Is not binding upon any of the states
until approved by that state. Under
our government. the proposed plan,
to be effective in binding us, must
have the sanction of Congress.
Under article ten each member of
the League undertakes. first ia re-
spect the territorial integrity and po-
lItical independence of all other mem
bers of the league. When the ma
tions of the world, sobered by sorrow
and suffering. are willing to raise
their hands and take this solemn
pledge are we sullenly and stubborn
ly to stand aside and become a stumb-
ling block in the way of this noble
achievement?
Internal Affairs Undisturbed
"The second obligation assumed
by each member Is to preserve as
against external aggression to terri
torial integrity and existing politi-
cal Independence of all members OF
the League This is a natural corol-
larry from the first. In the former
we undertake not to rob our associ-
ates ourselves, and In this we agree
not to permit others to do So This
guarantee OF territorial integrity and
political independence is limited to
those cases where they are threaten
ened or attacked by external agrees
sion. and internal affairs are left un-
disturbed.
Thoughtful persons recognize the
Importance OF giving such a guaran-
tee now. at least for a limited period.
IL the peace of the world is to be
maintained. The autocratic govern
ments that controlled Russia. Ger
many, Austria and Turkey have been
overthrown, but as yet no real. stable
governments established. Some OF
the new states created out of this
immense territory without the guar
anty OF the League. would be over
thrown and would return to the
domination of their former oppres-
sors.
Hon. Elihu Root. former Secretary
of states. recognized the great inn
mediate need of this article and rec
emmended It's acceptance with an
amendment providing that any mem
ber could after the expiration of Ave
years from the signing of the cove
nant, terminate it's obligations un-
der the article. But under this cove