davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11

Treating Seed Wheat For
Disease.

"A conservative eStlmatc, based on
recent survey, would put the loss from
wheat diseases in Maryland this year
at one million bushels up to harvest
time. Most of this loss was caused
by scab, rust, loose and sinking smut,
while few cases of black stem, root
rot and nematodes were found in one
or two instances. Of The important
prevalent diseases loose and sinking
smut or bunt are the only ones which
can be controlled by treating the seed
previous to planting.
In the control of scab, rust and
other maladies which cannot be con-
trolled by seed treatment, it will be
advisable to clean the seed thoroughly
10y tanning out all the light, diseased
grains, and to practice a good system
Of rotation SO as to avoid too frequent
paintings of wheat in the same field
The loose smut, sometimes known
as "blackhead," is very prevalent
throughout the state and causes con,
siderable loss. The only remedy that
is effective for this disease is what is
known as the modified hot-water
treatment. However, this method
is not suitable for general use since a
slight increase in the exact tcmpera-
ture of the water required may kill
the wheat germ or a corresponding
decrease fail to destroy the disease
organism. The Extension Service
Specialists will conduct dcmonstra-
tons along this line whenever pos
sible.
The sinking smut or bunt is the
easiest of all to control. In treating
seed for this disease it is necessary,
first, to thoroughly clean the seed.
The smut balls are lighter than the
good grains and can easily be blown
out. Then the good seed can be treat
ed with some of the formaldehyde
treatments, preferably by sprinkling
the wheat with solution of | pint
of 10 per cent. formaldehyde to 10 or
30 gallons of water, putting about
three quarts of this solution to the
bushcl. This is best applied by the
use of a sprinkling can. The floor is
sprinkled first and the wheat is slow
ly scooped into a pile while it is
being sprinkled, 1t is advisable to
scoop the wheat over two or three
times so that all of the grains may
become more or less covered with the
solution, after which the pile of grain
is covered with bags or a canvas from
t to 6 hours. The cover is taken off
and the grain is spread out to dry.
1t can be seeded Immediately, but in
that case the drill should be set to
plant at least one more peck to the
acre than if dry seed were being used.
The sacks should be dipped into the
solution and the hopper of the grain
drill should be'sprinkled.
In those cases where the smut balls
cannot be cleaned out of the wheat
it should be immersed in the solution
"a small amount at time, and at
ter stirring the smut balls and the
light grain should be skinned off
with a bit of screen wire or some
utensil. The stirring and skimming
should be continued until all of the
smut balls have been removed. The
wheat is then drained and spread out
to dry. The solution can be used
over and over.-C. r. Temple in the
Stote College JournaL.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11
Ex-Kaiser Has Cut 5000 lons.

The former German emperor has
completed saving his five thousandth
tree. 1t was cut into one-inch disks,
many of which have been distributed
among his attendants and advisers.
Each disk was marked by the sawyer
with his initial and date.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11
u s. Has 44sss Officers in Reserve.

Since the armistice was signed on
November II, total of A ,S39 officers
have been commissioned in the United
States reserve corps. The majority of
these saw active service and desire to
keep In touch with military affairs.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11
Town to Discard Telephones.

At mass meeting at Marceline, Mo-,
80 per cent of the telephone subscrib-
ers of the town entered into an agree
ment to discontinue their telephones
while the increased rates are in ef-
feet,
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11

Army Knit Goods Will Be Exported.
The entire stock Of surplus knit
goods held by the war departmessZ Will
be offered for sale for export pur-
poses. Most of the stock is In the
form of underwear.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11
Treasury Is OVERLOOKING.

Washington, Sept. 9.-The Gov
ernment has so much coin of the
realm" that it actually bulges out of
the walls of the vaults containing it.
The Treasury has asked Congress
to appropriate 100000 to make
the vaults secure and provide addi-
tional ones. The treasure is gold
and silver accumulated during the
war
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11

Eight Thousand Enrolled as Students
In University Attached to Expedi-
tionary Forces-institution Occupies
More Than 800 Structures-Aban-
doned Agricultural Schools in Occu-
pied Germany Taken over-Forty
Studies Offered.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1919-09-11

Miss HIRAM Sabbage was the win
ner of Daily Mirrors beauty competi-
tion among the most beautiful London
social leaders at the Savage club derby
day. ball, at which dazzling and unique
costumes were worn.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
POOR CONDITION
FOR COTTON CROP
Government Estimates 11,60O,.
600 Bales

Washington, Aug. IA cotton PRO
duction of 100000 bales this year
was forecast today by the depart
rnent Of agriculture, basing its es.i-
mate on the condition Of the crop
July 25, which it announced as 67.1
per cent. of normal.
A forecast. of 1O,9Ss,ooO bales was
made last month on conditions exist
ing June 25. Last years crop was
12,040532 bales.
The condition of the crop June 25
was 70 per cent of a normal and on
July 25 year ago it was 73,st EMle
the ten year July % average is 76.i.
Condition July 25, by States fol-
lows: Virginia, So North Carolina,
76;; South Carolina, II; Georgia, 67;
Florida, so; Alabama, GA; mississippi,
s3; Louisiana, 80; Texas, 67; Arkan-
sas, s3; Tennessee, CT; Missouri, G7;
Oklahoma, 75: California, 100; Ari-
zona, SO.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
President Sent Protocol to the
Senate Yesterday After
noon
WHEN IT WILL
BECOME EFFECTIVE
Ratification by Only Three
Powers and Germany is all
That is Necessary

washington, Aug. lit was made
Known today at the White House
t.fat the proptocol to the peace treaty
which was sent to the senate late
yesterday by the president included an
agreement that the German treaty
shall come into force upon its rati-
fcation by three Of the associated
pawers and Germany. What else
Has contained Ia the protocol, Il
Anything. was not disclosed. Great
Britain and Germany already have
ratified the treaty and as soon as II
shall have been approved by two 9th
er of the associated nations it VIII
take effect, as far as those four conn-
tries arr concerned, permitting the
immediate resumption Of full diplo-
matte and trade relations.
Thes protocol to the German peace
treaty, defining explanations OF the
sseafy agreed TO in memorandum ex-
changed Setween German and allied
plsuipofenharIes,; was laid Before the
sanaIe hys Vice, Presid dept Marshal Ne Z !. II
The. documents were transmitted by
President Wilson with the protocol
ana were accompanied by expla4la-
tory letters.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

wiser TO the American peace delega-
ton. Chairman Lodge and Senators
Johnson, Fall, and Knox, all Repub-
licans took exception to the section,
Mr.. Lodge saying it seemed designed
to place beyond the pale" Of legal
proceedings any act Of the alien prop
erty custodian's administration.
The witness denied that the sec
ton would deprive of legal resources
any American citizen who had been
minority stockholder in German con-
Germs. declaring the provision was
aimed only at enemies. Mr.. Lodge
pointed out, however, that the words
"all persons" were used in that con-
nection.
Bernard NJ. Baruch, another of the
Versailles advisers, made brief state
ment to the committee regarding pre-
paration Of the economic section Of
the treaty and said he understood the
question whether the United States
should have part Of the indemnity
paid by Germany still was undecided.
He probably will also be examined
further at tomorrow's session.
The treaty protocol sent by the,
president reached the senate just as
it was adjourning and was not for
mally received nor made public.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
TRUSTEES DIS
OBEY THE LAW
Majority Have Placed Insurance
With Sinking Fund

Columbia, Aug. 2.-In the opin-
lion of the sinking fund commissions
there are school trustees in the State
who are in danger of having trohbIe
with adjusting Of: losses on school
/, buildings in. case%of fire. At the last
session of the legislature, an act was
passed requiring school trustees . to
carry all insurance on school buad-z
ings with the sinking fund cons
mission All the school trustees ,n
the State were notified and In about
three-fourths of the counties prompt
compliance was made. with the act
but in several OF. the counties the trns-
tees have paid no attention to the acr.
The opinion held by the commission
is that insurance placed otherwise
than in accordance with the act is: II
legal that the payment of premiums
on the same is without authority and
doubt is raised as to the validity OF
the property.
Under the new law the system
adopted by the commission is to issue
one policy covering by schedule all
the school buildings in a county, and
deposit the policy with the county
seaool superintendent OF education.
This process is being followed by Nal
colin Miller the secretary of the COM
mission, with great satisfaction.
Mr.. Miller, in speaking of the situa-
ton yesterday. said that many of the
trustees finding that the cost OF re-
building has advanced so much are
having their school buildings revalued
and increasing the insurance carried.
Recently the school trustees in Ander-
son increased the anrounc of insur
ance on the school buildings there by :
$50, 900. Many school buildings which
were erected alta cost 1of s2Q.808 are
now valued at $4,000 and the insur-e
ance on the same has been increased
from $4,000 to s25, 900.
This year has been an unusually
profitable one with the sinking fund
in its insurance department. The
losses have been remarkably small,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
WILL HASTEN AC-
TION BY CONGRESS
Demands By Railroad Employ
ees Will Force Railroad Leg g4s-
lation By Congress

Washington, Aug. chairman
cumnins OF The senate Interstate com
merce committee and other members
believe: that thess demands made by
railroad employees for increased
wages to meet the high cost Of living
win hasten. action by congress on leg
,slation establishing q national policy
with respect to the railroads. Both
house and senate committees have
been working on such legislation for
some time and the presentation Of
tentative bill this month is expected.
Chairman Cunanins and other mem
bers of the committee met. informally
to discuss the railroad situation, but
no decision was reached. Some Re-
publican senators said the president
had authority under the law taking
over the roads to order wage and
rate Increases and it is not necessary
for congr IS TO frame such legislation.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
TOO MANY NEGROES
Chicago Would Turn Back Tide
OF Blacks

~. Columbia, Aug. 2.-Governor Coop
er yesterday received the following
Telegram from the Chicago Herald
and Examiner concerning the posi-
hle number OF chieago's negro popu-
lafdon the State: could absorb:
Many negroes who came here for
war. work are anxious to return South
If the South needs them. Their spokes-
men ask us to: inquire how many your
state can absorb Theyaare Of the more
indus4ricus class. distinct from the bad
e;ssnent responsible for difficulties
here please rush answer, our ex-
Dgnse.' =.
THE governor. made no comment, as
Sssxshpnght, the message was sufficient
ttos explain itself.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
THOS. WILSON SHOT
Saw Mill Man Fired Upon From
Ambush

Camden, August Thomas w.
Wilson, a well known saw mill man
cf the Pine Grove section OF West
Nareree, was shot from ambush this
m nornirg while passing along the
road in a wagon. Two loads Of buck
sno1 were fired from shotgun at
close range the loads taking erect IN
the left side of his face and shoul-
der. He was brought to the Camden
hospital and is not considered danger
ously wounded.
Will Finley a white man, said to be
a native of BIythewood, who has been
employed by the Hardaway Constrac-
ton Company is being sought in con-
nection with the trouble. He fed, IT
is said, and had not been captured at
midday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
Power of Government Brought
Into Play in Chicago
At Last
MOB VIOLENCE
PUT DOWN
State Troops Accomplish With
out Bloodshed What City Po-
lice Failed to Do

Chicago, Aug. With State
troops in full control in the "blacA
belt" the rioting that had terrorlZed
the section was pronounced by STATE
and city officials eat an end today
The total dead since the fighting BE-
gan on Sunday is thirty
whites and eighteen negroes. The IN
iured have not been officially tabulat-
ed. but it is known that there are
more than three hundred and may
exceed five hundred. AS many more
who were slightly hurt went to taeif
homes without reporting to the police.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
Proposes to Sell Wheat at Mar
ket Price According to Law
of Supply and Demand
no MAKE UP GUARAN-
TEE OUT OF FUND
People Who Eat Bread VIII Be
Benefited and the Wheat
Growers Still Get Price

Washington, Aug. Attorney Gen
eral Palmer submitted at the hear
ing of the house committee a proposal
that the government sell this year S
wheat crop at the market price 10
be determined by the law of supply
and demand and to make up the
guarantee TO farmers out OF the bi-
lion dollar fund appropriated by con-
oreSc
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

London, Aug. 2.-semi-of1cial Pol
FISH sources have received reports that
Gen. Gregorief7s troops which are
occupying Odessa surrounded the
Jewish quarter and began a mas
sacre which lasted three days and
night. Russian soldiers Of Gregorief's S
command it is stated carried out the
massacre. The Jews of Ukraine
a1d Bessarabia have proclaimed a
~fnnurning period of fourteen days.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

Vienna, Aug. 1.-Unless the allies
assume the definite policy Of forcibly
expelling Bella Kun, the communist
leader, it is believed by Americans
here, who are. informed as to tle
situation, he will continue as dictator
inaefinifalU
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
UNREST IN JAPAN
Are Giving Govern
ernment Trouble
In Toxic

Toxic, Aug. Owing to activities
of Socialists, the authorities have de-
cided to increase the number of gen
darmes, and Toxic, especially will be
kept under stricter surveillance. sey-
eral meetings Of Socialists have been
prohibited.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
POLICE STRIKE
I'm. ENGLAND
Sixty-fve Thousand Have Out
their Posts

London, Aug. 1.-The Daily Herald,
the labor organ, in late edition, says
something like sixty-five thousand po-
licemen and prison officers throughout
the country have gone on strike.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
HUNT STARTED
FOR PR0FITEERS
Federal Commission Appointed
to Investigate High Cost e4ss
of Living
WILL REPORT FIND
.s:*A
INGs TO PRESIDENT
Committee Was Named at Con-
3 ference of Cabinet omcers:
Thursday Afternoon IS:

Washington, Aug. The commit
tee to conduct an investigation of fhs
high cost OF liz ing and report TO.
President Wilson was appointed at
the conference yesterday Of cabinet
officers at the Office OF Attorney Ger
eral Palmer. This was announced tc-
Gay at the White House.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

Belfast, Aug. 2.-(Ry the Associat-
ed Press) Sim Feiners today raid
ed the depot at Fort Greenmore and
carried off quantity of rifles which
had just arrived from England. The
rifles were addressed to the COM
manding officers of the Royal artil-
lery.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
I.D0IIIT[ICS .ll']['lIS IN FRANCE
Moderate Parties Form Coalition
J, - 80 $ Against Radicals

Paris, Aug. 2-Negotiaticns which
have been going on for some time for
the coalition of moderate political
parties Of France for coming elections
against both the royalist and extreme
socialists is reported, on good author
ity to be making headway and likely
TO succeed.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

Chicago, Aug. 2.-street ear service
was resumed today after a four-day
strike. The men will accept the new
wage scale Of sixty-ive cents an hour
for surface and sixty-seven cents Cor
elevated employees.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06

The seven who gave their assent to
these reservations in the phraseo!osy
as agreed on were Senator's McCum-
ber, North Dakota; a member of the
foreign relations committee; McNary,
Oregon; Cummins, Iowa; Colt. Rhode
Island; Kellog, Minnesota; Lenroot'
Wisconsin and Spencer, Missouri Al
though the extent to which they will
be bound by their agreement was not
revealed, it was declared they realized
fully that they might hold the bal
ance of power in any reservation vote
and thus cut off any attempt Tor more
radical qualifications as we'll as pre-
vent unreserved ratification>
Negotiations are understood to be
already under way with Democratic
senator's to induce the administration
to accept a reservation program ana
from the attitude Of President Wilson
in his White House conferences some
Republicans believe he will decide 20
accede to the proposals. SO far, now
ever there has been no indication that
administration senators were ready 10
abandon their stand for unfeserVeo
ratification. Most of the stipulations
in the McCumber-E -EfcNary reservations
arc declared by the administrator
lea ders to be already covered II the
present language of .he covenant. and
it is understood they have advanced
the counter proposal that separate
resolution be adopted giving the SEN
:te's Interpretation of these points SO
as to make renegotiation unneces-
sary
No agreement with administration
or with the president is ex-
pected however. in the immediate fu-
ture. The question is being discussed
by Mr.. Wilson daily with the Repub!i-
can callers and it is understood he :
desires to be in possession Of all the
IA cts before he acts.
Criticism Of the alien, enemy pro-
vision of the treaty, came out while :
the foreign relations committee was
questioning Bradley Palmer, an ad-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
RIOTING IN
SWITZERLAND
Troops Fire on Strikers Killing
Nine

London, Aug. "A despatch from
Geneva under date of August lst says
that during days Of fierce rioting at
B2sle in connection with the. strike.
troops fired on the strikers, killing
nine and wounding q large number.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-08-06
LEAGUE FIGHT
IN SENATE,
Republicans Dig Up Another
Point to Contest in League
Covenant
OBJECT TO ALIEN
PROPERTY CLAUSE
Seven Senators Who are Condi--
tionally in Favor Of Ratifea-
ton Propose Compromise

Washington, July 31.-Develop-
ments shaped up today for sharper
definition Of the senate issues raised
by the league Of nations and the
Shantung agreement, while another
hitherto obscure section Of the VeI
sailles treaty, relating to alien enemy
property, was brought under fire n
the foreign relations committee.
In the league controversy seven Re
publicans, oil friendly to the treaty,
added a new feature by agreeing 70
definite group Of reservations whose
wording they hope will furnish mid
die group attracting enough members
OF both parties, to insure the league
acceptance by the senate.
Regarding Shantung, it became
known that in the near future a dec
laration throwing light on Japan's in-
tentions is definitely counted cn ny
administration senators. It may come,
it is said from Tokyo but failing that,
from the White House.
The alien property section, brought
into question for the first time was de-
clared by Republican senators at a
public committee hearing to ;'valide ta
in every respect the acts Of A. Mitch
ell Palmer as alien enemy custodian,
closing the door Of legal appeal even
to American citizens who were iti-
nority stockholders in German con-
Germs taken over by the government.
They cited a blanket clause in the
treaty providing that no question
shall be raised as 10 the regularity
Of transfer Of any property under
war legislation.
During the day there was more
speechmaking on the treaty in the
senate and the president submitted
for ratification along with the treaty
t;le protocol agreed to at Versailles
containing additional requirements
upon Germany. The president also
was told by two more Republicans at
the White House that reservations
would be necessary if the league is
to be ratified
Of the days developments the
agreement Of the seven Republicans
attracted perhaps the widest atten- /:
ton in the capitol. For several
weeks senators of that party who de-
sire to see the league accepted have
been shaping a reservation program
designed 70 further protect national ,
intefests without weakening the: /:
league covenant The re:',,t OF their |
work was aigroup of four -seryations
relating to the powers of congress
under Article 10, of the Monroe doc
trine, national control OF domestic
problems and the right OF withdraw
al
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-01-18
~ AND our or row>.

Mrs. W. Guy Davis has returned TO
her homo In Norfolk. after spending
some time here with heg mother, Mrs.
Huntcr Mcclure.
Mrs. Il Tate Irvine, OF Big Stone
Gap. Is the guest ot relatives here
tor An extended stay.
Mss Louise Bottom. OF this city. Vii
cave Monday Tor Norfolk. where she
~ nc inc guest %: MISS Alice wcos,er
: EnstSn Curry Thomas. United Stats
NaF!, Is the guest FOR a few days OF
niS m3ther, Mrs ". u Thomas, at
III West Franklin Street
;, Mrs. Beverly Mercer Hartman. OF
Roanoke. Is the guest of Mrs Charles
H. Watkins OF sU5 West Grace Street
Miss Elizabeth II. Bouldin, Of iious.
'on. - IN. SS=s, OF AIRS. o. l. Shew-
maker. ~ lisi West avenue.
James W. Allison is spending s,y.
frdl Gays AZ the Jefferson l!otcI here.
The Rev ". H. Burk hardt has just
rciuracd TO Richmond. after an a6-
+cnco OF Two weeks.
Mrs. George L, Roberts. OF Farm.
Hotel here.