davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
Opinion Diuided Here

Now it is patent that there has
been in the last six months an un-
mistakable division of opinion in
America. 1t is manifest, spread
upon the records Of Congress, set
forth in all the newspapers, re-
ported in all the cable dispatches
to Europe that one Of the two great
political parties, itself a majority in
the Senate, has aligned itself
against President Wilson's European
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
France Made Concessions

But France was forced to sur
render it's opposition because Of the
support assured to Mr.. Wilson from
the outset by Great Britain, and
Italy was temporarily dragged along,
never, however, with the smallest
real enthusiasm. Clemenceau, find
ing that Lloyd George purposed to
back the President, was constrained
to follow similar policy, although
he came to it far less readily than
his British ally and was never able
to carry with him any large faction
of his fellow countrymen.
Yet the ultimate French decision,
like the immediate British resolve,
was founded upon an appreciation
Of the new position occupied by the
United States in the world, its tre-
mendous power, it's gigantic re-
sources. Unless these resources
were to be turned against France;
unless France, wellnigh ruined by
the war, was to be deprived of
American aid, it was inevitable
that French statesmen in the Paris
Conference should accept American
demands. And for the French, like
the British, the league of nations
was accepted as the expression Of
the wellnigh unanimous will of the
American people, as the President
was welcomed as the unchallenged
spokesman Of his nation. "America
be pleased" was the watchword of
the Paris Conference; and accepting
the league of nations was believed
to be the sole method Of satisfying
the American people.
I wish I could make clear the ex-
act situation at Paris, because it is
essential in order to understand the
new situation in Europe to recog-
nize the facts Of last winter and
spring. For the league Of nations
idea there was practically no Euro
pean support. Such support as
there was came entirely from Brit
ish sources, and it was, in the main,
due to recognition that any such
league Of nations as had been out
lined would in the end infallibly de-
velop into an Anglo American alli-
ance. AS far as France and Italy
were concerned there was open hos
tility, honest, patriotic apprehen-
sion. Accepting the idea represent
ed to Frenchmen one more sacrifice
made necessary by the war, but &C.
cepted with bitterness and with pro-
found apprehension.
Since that time we have seen that
Italy and Rumania have deliberate.
ly withdrawn from any but the most
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
League Is Undermined

Events in the United States, the
course Of the Senate in particular,
have served to undermine fatally
the foundations of the league Of
nations in Europe. 1t is idle to be-
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16

a vast machinery was created, all
sorts Of compromises and adjust
ments were made, many If not all
Of which fall to the ground, with the
league Of nations itself. Above all
else, the European nations, regain
ing their freedom of action, as a
consequence Of American division Of
opinion over the league Of nations,
are bound to seek new adjustments.
The best illustration of this is the
course Of Italy, which is now enlist
ing more and more active support
from her European allies, France
and Britain.
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
By Frank II. Sirnonds

0Y AJlI14Oux0
Ut MUST be fact inescapable
for all thoughtful Americans
that the close Of the long debate
over the Treaty Of Versailles
and the necessary action Of the Sem
ate will have to be followed by the
adoption of some orderly and rea-
spned foreign policy on the part of
the United States. As it stands there
seems no chance that the pending
treaty will be amended, but all signs
point either to it's adoption with such
reservations as give it an entirely
different character from that de-
signed at Paris or to its rejection
and the immediate proclamation Of q
separate peace with Germany.
With the domestic political cir
cumstances Of this situation I have
no desire to deal at this time, but
of the external consequences, which
will be very considerable, it seems to
me worth while to make some analy-
sis. In the first place, it must be
clear that the character Of the de-
bate and the extent Of the opposition
to the decisions of Paris which has
developed in this country will ma
terially if not completely change the
view of Europe as to the value Of
the treaty itself and as to the rela-
ton of America to Europe.
Thought U.S.Wanted League
! have tried many times in my
letters from Paris and since I re-
turned to emphasize the fact that
the league. Of nations and all the de-
tails in the Treaty of Versailles
which were written in as natural
consequences of the acceptance Of
the league Of nations idea owed their
existence to President Wilson and to
the universal assumption in Europe
that in demanding the creation of
league of nations the President spoke
FOR the United States, which was
itself united in favor of such a world
organization.
1t Is true that most of the actual
machinery and the larger part Of
the form Of the league of nations
were British contributions. Mr..
Wilson carried to Europe not COM
plete system, but merely a fixed de-
termination to bring about the Gre
alton of a league Of nations. Lord
Robert Cecil and General Smuts
were, in fact, in large measure
the authors of the provisions writ
ten: Into the Treaty Of Versailles to
create a league of nations.
On the other hand, had President
Wilson not championed the idea, the
British would not have presented 1t
at Paris. There was no spontaneous
or, widespread support of the idea in
Britain, before President Wilson
went to Paris, nor was there ever a
time when British support of the
idea was not in the main the re-
suit of a well defined policy to sup
port American wishes in Paris, 50
far as these were not directly
inimical to British interests, with
the purpose of contributing to the
extension of Anglo-American friend.
ship and association.
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
Ne,U Course Is Needed

But this in turn demands a new
course on our part. Up to the pres
ent hour we have adopted no real
foreign policy; even the Republican
opposition has offered nothing more
useful than destructive criticism Of
the Presidents conception. To be
sure, extremists like Borah and
Johnson have advocated return to
an isolation which itself was de-
monstrated by the World War to be
impossible.
1t is a fact that to-day our lack
Of policy is responsible for the pro-
longation of anarchy in many parts
Of the world. We offer the single
barrier to an adjustment of the
Fiume triangle; we stood alone in
the pathway Of Greek rights in
Thrace; the Turkish problem is still
pending because the United States
has, as yet, made no official state
ment of it's intentions in the matter
Of taking mandates for Constanti-
nople or Armenia or both.
But this situation can not and will
not endure. Recognizing that Eu-
rope no longer attaches to the league
Of nations that Importance it did
six months ago-and then it re-
garded it with concern solely be-
cause it believed that it was the
sine qua non Of American participa-
ton in restoring the world, the
unique price of American friend
ship-it Is no less true that the same
nations still desire to work in CO.
operation with the United States
still recognize that we remain the
same tremendous potential factor
which we were on the morning OF
the armistice.
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
Real Vitality Gone

In my Judgment the course Of Tho
United States Senate has practically
robbed the league Of nations Of any
real vitality or any hopeful strength.
The effect has been exactly like that
Of fight made in his home district
against a candidate for national
Office. If his own district is divided
his chance Of enlisting outside sup
port Is fatally diminished. The
league Of nations was our proposal
at Paris, it had no other strength.
and this strength was taken away
when the course of the Sonata
demonstrated American division of
opinion.
But destroying the league Of na~
tons as vital force does not Of
itself supply substitute; it only
brings US back to the position we
occupied on the morrow Of the
armistice. To reject the Presidents
plan or to destroy it by indirection,
to reserve it into actual futility, win
not close the incident. It will still
be necessary to formulate q new
foreign policy to decide on the ex-
tent to which we mean TO associate
ourselves with our European friends
in preventing new confagration
and thus guarding against a new
necessity to send our youth to
France or Italy. Had the United
States realized that if war came It
would require the transport Of
100000 American boys to France
and entail at least a third Of 6
million casualties, together with
billions Of expenditure, American
craftsmanship would not have been
totally quiescent in the fatal days
Of July.
What we did do when we entered
the war made a profound and last
ing impression in Europe. Our
strength is to-day exaggerated
rather than underrated, and our
influence must remain tremendous
by reason Of the estimate placed
upon our strength for long years to
come. But unless we have for.
eign policy, unless our vast influence
is effectively used, we may still b.
involved, dragged blindly into nav
conf1agration which our influence
| wisely exerted, could have pre-
vented.
New-York tribune., 1919-11-16
Old World, Watching Debate in
:. Senate, Is Turning Back to
the Former System

and constituted the sort Of demand
which they could support without
difficulty.
BY contrast neither the French
nor the Italians--in point Of fact,
not one Of the considerable nations
allied with Great Britain and associ-
ated with the United States-had the
smallest sympathy with the idea of
league Of nations. 1t was op-
posed by the French and the Italians
because it Immediately conficted
wAh what both peoples regarded as
their own legitimate security-it de-
prived them of safeguards, terri
torial and otherwise, which the vic
tory over Germany otherwise placed
In their hands.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
''I CONVENE ' fHIRD H Monday
UNDER NEW SYSTEM THERE Is
LITTLE DELAY. IN LITIGATION
IN EQUITY.

Chancery court will convene for the
April term on Monday, April Il. Chan
cellor Bearden, who is now in his
thirty-third year on the bench. will
preside. The ddoeket IT. is going to be
light, one of the lightest in years. due
to the falling off in litigation, but
more especially to the new rules of
the court which keep it almost con-
stanuy open for business. So far as
the chancery court of Maury county
is concerned Judge Bearden has prov
en- false to the old saying that "once
in chancery always in chancery."
Under the new system bill can be
filed and final decree often obtain
ed within few weeks or months.
County Judge Whitthorne often dis
poses of cases when Judge Bearden
cannot be here, in that way saving
much time for the litigants.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
STILL DESTROYED WAS
NOT IN MAuRY COUNTY
ILLICIT LIQUOR "FACTORY" WAS
JUST OVER THE LINE IN
LEWIS COUNTY.

Maury county's skirts are cleared
again The wildcat still that was
raided and destroyed last Friday night
in the Hampshire section by Deputy
United States Marshal T. B. Sands
and Deputy Sheriff John P. Cheek was
over the line in Lewis county. 1t was
located in hollow at the head of
Catheys Creek but was not within
the boundary of Maury county. This
is the second time that moonshine
joint has been enormously reported
to have ben located in Maury coun-
ty, but afterwards proven to have
been in Lewis.
The officers remained in the vicini-
ty of the still throughout the night
and returned during the day with the
hope that the operators would at
tempt to resume their unlawful work.
But the birds had flown and car
ried the worm" with them. The still
was destroyed and a quantity of beer
and singlings poured out.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
GREAT RECORD MADE (.
go. ..@ BYE COMPANY 18TH
INTERESTING HISTORY OF THE
FAMOUS ORGANIZATION OF
INI ENGINEERS. t

ln'the regimental paper of the 90
La La Times an interesting history
of Company e Of the Seventeenth En-
sin6ers, company in which e. N.
Woodland, Jr. and Gerald Howard of
this county served, is given The re-
port tells of the immense amount of
work done by the company which won
1t the appellation Of the Laboring
Company This company was mobil-
lied early in the war at Atlanta, Ga.
1t lett that place July %, 1917, and
sailed from New York on the Carma-
mia, British ship on July 2S. On Au-
gust IL the boys landed at Liverpool
The company rested at Camp Borden,
near. fLdndon, for two da$si1s They
marched by Buckingham q Palace and
We're reviewed by the king and queen
and were their guests for luncheon in
theipriHate garden They arrived in
St.rNaza'ire, France, Aug>ht 10. tT'his
company laid the first rail and drove
the first nail mr. the immense protect
at Monitor Sixty Sreat steel ware
houses were PIT ND pajpr the direc-
ton Of L. n. Woodland. Men were fur-
nished for every eRdeavols
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
LIEUT.. MCDONALD WILL
Z BECOME A SOIL FILLER
RECENT HERO OF THE AIR TO
LEARN ART OF AGRICULTURE
AT STATION.

Lieut.. Hunter Mcdonald, Jr., recent
ly of the aviation corps, A. e. f., Is
now farming at the Middle Tennessee
Experiment Station. Lieut.. Melon
aid has learned something of the the.
DRY and science of farming. He is
now taking course in actual expert.
ence and is also getting the art of
making things grow. He expects to
prepare himeslf to till the soil and
like most of Maury countians who
have that ambition believes that DR.
II. A. Morgan, director of the Upiver
sity experiment farms, is the best
equipped man in the state for the job
is going to take his lessons right un
der DR.. Morgan.
Lieut. Mcdonald had an enviable
record in the army although as mod
est as woman in discussing it. He
accounted for at least one enemy ma
chine and had many thrilling expert
ences in the air. He is son of Hun.
ter Mcdonald, the distinguished rail
road engineer, and on his mothers
side is product of Maury county.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
NfITT -NIITFFFI nv 1TTFf-T TTsT" TIF-TTITTT
MEMORIAL SERVICE FOR
. DEAD COLORED SOLDIERS
ISAAC FISHER DELIVERS NOTA.
BILE ADDRESS TO cOLORED
PEOPLE OF MAuRY.

That the lives of the Is negroes as
well as the white men who died or
were killed in the service of the Amer
lean army were given in vain for the
cause of democracy and liberty if the
people of the South, white and black,
cannot dwell together in peace and
harmony, was the theme of memo
rial address Sunday afternoon by
Isaaoc Fisher, professor at Fisk Uni
versity, at ST. Pauls A. M. E. church.
He was heard by several hundred ne,
groes who had assembled to comment
crate the names of their men who had
made the supreme sacrifice.
Prof, Fisher said that these men,
though sleeping beneath the sod, are
already living again in the deseruc.
ton of autocratic government in Ger.
many and other nations of Europe,
that they arellivhlg again in the coun
ellis of the peace conference, that
they are living 5againsin tn universal
plea for liberty and self determine
ton the world over. But all of this
will be for naught and their lives will
have been given in vain if the black
people of America cannot dwell to.
gether in peace, il the white people
cannot dwell together in peace, if the
white and black people cannot dwell
together in peace. He said that If
there is not liberty and peace in Co.
lumbia, there will not be peace in the
world, because wherever. there is a
disturbance it destroys the beautiful
picture of peace throughout the world.
The speaker said that what he said
about one soldier was applicable to
all, whether they be white or weth.
er they be black. He set up the prin-
ciples and teachings of Jesus Christ
as the only, foundation for interna
tional or local brotherhood and peace.
The address was preceded by song
service and by the presentation of the
13 memorial trees. planted by the bust
ness women of Columbia at the color-
ed cemetery in honor of the fS colored
soldiers who lost their lives. Mrs. w.
P. Morgan made the presentation in a
beautiful talk in which she spoke of
the gratitde of all the people for the
heroic service of the negro soldiers.
The trees were accepted with prayer.
Several of the colored ministers par.
ticipated in the program, one q them
being Rev. Gilmore, who is a veteran
Of the Civil War He said that il the
people let this memorial service be
the end OF their remembrance of the
soldiers and the principles for which
they fought it would he but waste
of time.
I
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
new ELK OFFICERS
g. INSTALLED MONDAY
ENTHUSIASTIC ADDRESSES MADE
IN FAVOR or THE NEW
ELkS' HOME.

The annual installation of officers
by the local lodge of Elks took place
Monday night. j. A. Sloan was in
Quoted into the station of the exalted
ruler; G. M. Jones, esteemed leading
knight; r. S. Perry, esteemed loyal
knight; owing to illness of DR.. Geo.
Williamson the station of esteemed
lecturing knight remains vacant; T.
e. Digger, secretary; C. A. Parker,
ST., trustee; w. l.. Cheslar, tyler.
Enthusiastic speeches were made by
Exalted Ruler Sloan, Hon. w. c. Sal
mon, G. A. Parker and Mora b. Far
ISIS about the proposed new club build
ing and it was the opinion and wishes
OF those members present to go right
ahead with the work and to erect the
building as soon as possible. -Gat
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
HEAVY BUYING FIRST |.
MONDAY BY WOMEN
FAIR SEX PREDOMINANT IN. THE
CROWDS ON sTREETS-LlyE
u III STOCK SALES.

Without the annual horse show and
parade, First Monday in April fas not
like one of old, but the day was busy
one for Columbia merchants. 1t was
noticeable that women predominated
in the crowds on the streets, the men
evidently taking advantage of the
good weather to catch up with farm
work that had been delayed by un-
favorable weather. The street carni-
val also added to the interest OF the
day. Local merchants reported heavy
sales Of spring goods for women,
household goods and commodities that
come within the purchasing realm Of
women.
Trading in live stock was brisk, al
though there were few mules on the
street. A number of fine saddle hors-
es were sold and the monthly auction
sale at Moore G. Sons stable attract.
ed large number. of buyers.
Farmers reported crop conditions to
be good. notwithstanding the ex.
tremely wet weather that has prevail.
ed. Wheat is in good condition and
corn planting has begun in earnest.
More live stock are being raised this
year than ever before.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
BIG PETITION FAvORS
SUFFRAGE FOR WOMEN
TO BE PRESENTED TO SENATOR
c. Y. CLARKE BEFORE BILL
Is VOTED ON.

With the signature of perhaps
1000 men and women attached petit
tions urging Senator c. Y. Clarke to
vote for the bill granting women of
Tennessee municipal and presidential
suffrage will be forwarded to him.
The bill has already passed the house
of representatives and comes up in
the senate next Thursday. A strong
delegation of Columbia women will
go to Nashville Wednesday to present
the petitions in person. Among the
names signed to the petition are a
number of prominent men who have
in the past opposed woman's SUI.
frage. @' @ H'la y
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
Want nina, Names z s Of
Soldiers From
the CityISchools

Superintendent r. l.. Harris is COM
piling a list of names of all former pu-
pills of the city public schools who
served in the army or navy during
the great war. These names will be
placed on bronze tablet to be set in
the walls of the corridor of the High
School building as memorial to the
men who offered their lives in the
cause of worldwide democracy. Be-
side the name of each man who lost
his life during the war will be placed
a gold star.
About $50 names have already been
placed on the list, but in order to pre-
vent the omission of any name, Supt.
Harris is making a public request that
anyone who knows the name of a SOL
der or sailor who has attended the
Columbia public schools report 1t to
him Immediately. The list will be sent
to the foundry in few days and it is
important that there be no delay in
reporting the names of these men and
boys. WI
When the tablet is unveiled there
will be public ceremony.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
DAVIDSON COUNTY may
COPY HIGH SCHOOL HERE
DELEGATION VISITS BUILDING AT
COLUMBIA TO GER IDEAS
FOR BUILDING.

Davidson county may copy the Maui
ny county High School building, as be-
ing one of exceptional convenience for
its purposes. A delegation from the
Davidson county board of education
was in Columbia Thursday to inspect
and examine the building here before
completing plans for the construc-
ton of a new county high school build
ing near or at Nashville. Members of
the party, who spent two hours at the
high school and were shown through
building by Superintendent X. l.. Har-
ris, were: w c. Anderson, superin-
tendent of education of Davidson
county; Duncan Curry, Geo w. Phil
lips, r. G Cornell, John Early. W. T.
Berry, A. R, Brown and Il. L. Wright
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
SIMPSON WILL BURN u.
SPECIALIZATION BRICK
EXPECTS 10 OPERATE UPON A
MUCH LARGER SCALE THAN
FOR MANY YEARS PAST.

Tom Simpson has started opera.
lions at his brick yard Just across the
river IN Riverside and Is making prep
arations to make and burn this year
several million brick. Mr. Simpson is
of the opinion that there is going to
be greater demand for brick locally
this year than there has been in many
years and he is preparing to have
everything ready.
In talking to Herald reporter this
morning Mr., Simpson stated that he
had practically sold out every brick
on his yard and that he was just hav-
ing to scrap up and get brick around
over the town where he had had work
going on, and a few brick left over
from the job. He hopes to have kiln
ready to fire within the next few
weeks and new brick on the yard in
six weeks. He is also operating his
lime kiln on East Hill and storing up
for the big demand that will be made
upon him during this spring, summer
and fall.
Mr.. Simpson has for the past eigh-
teen months been doing extensive
construction work at Sheffield, but all
of that work has been completed and
he has his entire froce back In Colum-
bia and is pushing his brick making
rapidly. He stated that he was need
ing more help and would be glad to
give employment to several more men.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1919-04-11
7. l. S. TEACHERS ARE
BOUND OVER ON CHARGE
ENTER PLEA OF NOT GUILTY TO
CHARGE OF ASSAULT AND BAT.
Terry ON PUPIL.

NASHVILLE, Tenn. April S.
Charged with assault and battery for
whipping girl pupil of the school,
Prof. j.. A. Bayer, superintendent, and
Miss Beatrice Zita, physical culture
teacher, of the Tennessee Industrial
School. were bound over to the grand
jury Monday following their plea of
not guilty in justice of the peace
court. Miss Hannah Bell Mount, the
girl said to have been whipped, gave
out sensational statement to Nash.
vile newspaper in which she impli.
Gated both the superintendent and the
teacher in the attack.