New-York tribune., 1919-10-02

the mills are operated chiefly by ma
chinery, and that the skilled workers
do almost no manual labor.
THAT last is entirely correct" said
Judge Gary. "The skilled worker earns
his pay through his skill. None of
them does hard manual labor as l did
on the farm years ago, either in point
OF hours or n physical exertion.
Twelve-horr Day Not Hard
Gwen the boy who opens door
does it by pressing a button The in
gots of iron are handled by lever It
is we'll known that the rollers who
work the twelvehour shift have in
tervals of rest so that their actual
working time is hardly over half Of
their hours. They work an hour and
a half and then rest about that long
/ would like to show some photographs
OF men at rest during their hours of
nominal work"
at is highly desirable that we should
know the exact steps that led TO the
strike" said Senator Walsh. "We
want to know what the men repre-
sented to you and what you said to
the union leaders,"
Mr.. Fitzpatrick and Mr.. Gompers,
explained Senator Kenyon, told us
the strike was caused by your refusal
to receive and discuss matters with
the union leaders,"
They ought to know, as they called
the strike" replied Judge Gary. "Therc
was no cause for the strike. The men
had 30 grievances and were on the best
of terms with the company, with few
slight EXCEPTIONS"
How do you know that to be true 2"
asked Senator Walsh.
Explains Company's Policy
ut is my bushes to know the frame
OF mind of our people," said Judge
Gary. 'l don't visit each man, but my
instructions require the best treatment
OF the men, and are given to the presi-
dents at our meetings. Our welfare
department, headed by Mr. Close, is
constantly working among the en-
ployes ascertaining conditions. The
contact between the foremen and the
men is intimate and gives US knowi-
edge. 1t is a standing rule that if men
are dissatisfied they can oome sngly
Or in groups with their complaints and
ask adjustments. Trere have been sucn
eases"
Did you refuse to confer with the
representatives of the unions because
of your knowledge that your employees
were satisfied or because they were or
ganized into unions 2" asked Senator
Walsh.
Because I did not believe they rep
resented our people," replied Judge
Gary. eve have treated our people
Fight, and | viii prove it,"
Did you know your refusal to meet
the union representatives. might lead
to q striker"
y 81 didn't even think Of that. I knew,
however, that union labor was active
in organizing our men,"
VIII Not Deal With Unions
"But you have learned since that
they did represent your people, l
Judge" suggested Senator Walsh.
II have learned that small per-
centage belonged to the union at that
time. We don't object to that"
"ls there any other reason than that
the union leaders could not enlighten
you about your relations to your en-
ployes?" pursued Senator Walsh
Our policy has been not to deal
with the leaders of labor organizations
a. any time" replied Judge Gary. 1--WE
do not believe in contracting with
unions. When we contract with union
leaders it drives the employees into the
union, because otherwise they cannot
get work. We don't antagonize the
unions, but are not obligated to con-
tract with them if we feel that union