davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

' The secretary of transportation
 might approve the rates, let them go
 into effect without approval or sus- pend them and refer them to the In terstate Commerce Commission for determination. The commission
 might also hear complaints by ship
 pers or others, and have authority to
 prescribe minimum as well as maxi
 mum rates
 MT. Cuyler's statement specified
 that "the statute itself should pro-
 vide the rule of rate-making. and should require that rates should be not only which has been called req
 sonable. but adequate and sufficient
 to enable the carriers to provide safe
 adequate an sufficient service. 10 protect existing investment and to at
 tract the new capital necessary in the public interest"
 It was declared further that the statute should provide that existing rates put into effect by the director general of railroads, should be con- tlIlued Tn effect until changed by the interstate Commerce Commission as provided by law" " or through initia- lloh or new rates by roads. Express
 rates should be dealt with in inc same manner as freight rates.
 Regional federal rate tribunaI. said Mir. Cuyler might be created in ms manner: The Interstate Com- iiieIce commission should divide tho uhited States into q number ot re- sions for each of which the President should appoint a regional comr,is- sion, which should re board of pri- mary Jurisdiction, consisting of on. member for each state in the region, The regional commfsseons should have authority to determine all com paints and to report to the inter- slate Commerce Commission. If no objection is made to the Intersta te Commerce CommisS On within a finn itCd time and the commission does not overrule the lower tribunal the i crders and findings of the regional commissions should autona icalIy 20 l iEtn effect
 The railroad executives plan pro- 1 Vldes for Federal incorporation of interstate carriers, for government supervision of security issues, and l for funding by the government of
 tatlrHad indebtedness growing out of Federal control during the war l Broad supervisory powers should be
 granted the secretary of transporta- ! ton, said MT. Cuyler. These would 1 include authority to require re-rout- l ing of traffic to prevent or eliminate | congestion, to require common use | of terminals, to compel complete uni i tication in war times or other periods 1 Of national emergency, to require 1 roads to distribute cars among pa- ] irons fairly and to other roads to provide for proper movement of traf- l f1c. Mergers or consultations, in- | ter-company agreements on rates or practices, pooling of facilities, and 1 pooling of earnings in connection
 with elimination of unnecessary train
 service, should be subject to his ap- i .proval, according to the. railroad i plan. The Interstate Commerce 1 Commission, would receive appeals in | case of disagreement. between a road :! and the secretary of transportation.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
BIG EXPLOSION
 SHAKES CITIES
One Thousand Pounds of Dynamite Explode At
 Tumellon, Pa.

Tunnelton, Pa, Jan. e-This city and towns for miles around were se- verely shaken and windows shattered when one thousand pounds of dyna- mite exploded last night at the G. R. McAbee Powder Co.'s plant at Salts burg, three miles from here. The two main buildings of the powder plant were destroyed by fire which followed the explosion. A watchman and fireman, the only persons in the plant at the time. were blown from the building by the blast but were uninJured
 Hundreds of persons here and in nearby towns rushed panic stricken from their homes after the explosion. The plant was situated in a thinly settled district and 1t was not until early today that the cause of the shock was learned
 No estimate was obtainable here of the damage.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

Wage and employment disputes which could not be settled between employees and arrangements would be referred to an adjustment board within the department of transpor- tation under the plan, and strikes and lockouts forbidden pending tnves- tigation.
 Most operating reforms effected during unified management by the railroad administration would be con- tinued, but the executives object to Director General McAdoo's proposal for five year extension of government control. Their suggestions are sim liar to the recommendations of the Interstate Commerce Commission. presented to the Senate Committee at hearings earlier this week.
 The fundamental and essential purpose to be accomplished is to fur nish the public with safe, efficient and adequate transportation at the lowest cost consistent with such service" said MT. Cuyler, reading to the com mittee a prepared statement. and with due regard to the just interests of the owners and employees and also
  in times of great national emergency or peril"
 He declared that wherever plan or policy should be adopted, provision should be made for adequate service for the country's needs, for necessary construction with prevention of waste by injudicious road building, for con- solidations when dictated by public in terest and flor rate structure, which will provide sufficient revenues and create sufficient credit to accomplish these purposes"
 To this end, said MT. Cuyler "pri- vate ownership, management and op- eration of the American railways should, as a matter of national policy, be continued
 The power of regulation of the instrumentalities of interstate com merce, as to all things substantially effecting them, including all rates, state and interstate, should be exclu- sively in the hands of the national gov ernment. State commissi ons should not be interfered with by the Federal act except so far as necessary to carry out the purposes herein mentioned.
 ''The Interstate Commerce Com mission should act as a quasi-judicial body clothed with authority to pass upon all questions concerning the req condolences and adequacy of rates and concerning discriminations.
 ''No new or branch lines of rall- road or large and expensive terml- nals should be constructed unless certificate of public convenience and necessity is first obtained from the secretary of transportation. The executive and administrative func- tions of the Interstate Commerce Commission except to accounting and as to federal valuation of railroad properties, should be transferred to the secretary of transportation.
 The carriers should have the power to initiate rates, schedules of which should be filed with the Inter state Commerce Commission with the secretary of transportation and with the state commissions in which the rates are applicable"
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
WHAT CHEvRONS
 REALLY DENOTE
Inquiry Finally Reveals Meaning of Marks on
 Sleeves of Fighters.

What does that cheyron on his arm stand for?" queried one civilian of another as a soldier passed them on Main street the other day. Blamed if know" replied the man, let's ask this soldier coming to- wards us
 The army man was hailed and when questioned said, You've got me. have a blue chevron that stands for overseas service of less than six months, but I don't know what the rest of those marks mean on the man you are referring to-"
 And that about explains the situa- ton in Bridgeport. Since America has started the demobilization of her armies, soldiers, sailors and marines have appeared on the streets with various colored chevrons decorating their arms, but few people in this city seemed to know just what they all stood for. In fact, a representative of the Times-Farmer had quite a chase until he cornered an old army man who had just returned from France and who was able to give the uGLdll5 Ol dll duLIlOIlZ6Q Dy Congress. They are as follows:
 Left arm.---One gold chevron for months overseas service, with an additional chevron for every six months. Blue chevron, overseas ser vice under six months. Silver chev- ron, six months service at home, with an additional cheTron for every six months. Red chevron with point up, between the elbow and the shoulder, stands fur aa honorable dis charge.
 Right arm.-One gold chevron for each wound received. This is the only decoration on the left arm
 Braid encircling the right shoulder means that the regiment to which the wearer belongs has been cited for gallantry in action or other deeds of valor. The color of tl1e braid de-
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
MARINE WORKERS STRIKE TIES UP NEW YORK HARbOR With Exception of Debark- ing Homecoming Troops
 Movement at Standstill. REPORT 15,OOO MEN
 HAVE STOPPED WORK Demand Arbitration to Force Higher Wages and
 Eight Hour Day.

New York, Jan. 9-Except for small fleet of ferry boats, tugs and lighters engaged in debarkation of homecoming troops and loading of perishable supplies for the American expeditionary forces, harbor shipping was at a standstill today as the result of the strike of 15,00O marine work CTS in an attempt to force arbitration of their demands for higher wages and an eight hour day.
 Not only privately-owned craft but inc boats of the railroad administra- ton, 1900 in number, were tried up and the sailing or berthing of ocean steamships, as well as the ferrying of passengers between Manhattan and its neighboring boroughs and sub urbs, was impossible.
 Suspension of ferry service left Stat en Island, New York city's treat mid harbor borough, completely isolated ? except for two small boats operating to and from Perth Amboy, on the New Jersey shore, and launches able 10 carry only small groups of pas sengers. From New Jersey and Long Island the only access to New York was by way of the East River bridges and the subways and tunnels under the East and North rivers, in which trains were crowded and entrances ehoked with delayed travellers throughout the day.
 The railroad administration re- routed New Jersey committing trains in 1n effort to relieve the congestion o11 1F ct Shore passengers were sent to the Erie terminal at Jersey City, afford ing connection with the Hudson tubes, and travellers on the Gen. tral Railroad of New Jersey from
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
CECIL IN FAVOR OF ORGANIZATION
 OF ALL NATIONS
British Delegate to Peace Conference Arrives in
 Paris-States Views.
ARMAMENT LIMITS IS
 DIFFICULT PROBLEM
Says Individual Nations Will Not Be Willing To
 Disarm Easily.

Paris, Wednesday, Jan. S-tBy tho Associated Press)-Lord Robert Ce- cii, who has arrived here with the first section of the British peace del egation. expressed the opinion to The Associated Press today that the definite organization of a League of Nations is Indispensable as a first step toward enduring peace and sat isfactory settlement of international problems.
 Lord Robert made it clear that his statements were personal views and nc1 official.
 Joint international action in an organized and recognized form is necessary" he said lin order to re- Eeve millions of people who are des- titute owing to the unsettled condi- tion of the world. To regulate per manently many vital common inter ests such as international railways, posts. waterways, telegraph and wireless, the use of the air, public health and the protection of women anc juveniles in industry; and to dis charge adequately and justly the re- responsibilities of the great civilized nations in such a great matter as the protection and guidance of backward peoples. It is the sum of all these recognized joint activities interests and responsibilities that we call by the name of League of Nations.' It is cur business to give this league definite form here and now"
 Lord Robert showed that he has little sympathy with the view that the peace congress may gradually drift into a prolonged session which will ultimately become League of Nations without being definitely and positively organized.
 This impresses me as being a time for the creation of a body which will be effectively organized and not al- lowed to drop into inaction,' he said. We are, moreover, anxious not to responsibilities they are not prepared. deliberately and consciously, to ac- cept. It Is, therefore, important to avoid vagueness and to define our policy clearly and openly"
 Asked how far armaments can be limited by League of Nations, Lord Robert replied:
 That, in my opinion, is probably the most difficult problem the peace congress will face. Individual na- tions will hardly be willing to disarm until they are sure of peace and jus tice' through the operation of the league. Moreover how can any linn itation of armaments be actually en- forced? What assurance can we have for instance, that Germany will not create an army more or less secretly? :?
 '"The world did not know how ex- tensively Germany was preparing for war. She might develop another force under the guise of militia We must endeavor earnestly to secure CO., operation between the powers repre- sented at the congress in a broad poll cy of demobilization which will corre- spond with the yearnings of all peo- ples to be relieved as soon as possi- ble from the burdens they have borne for these last four and a half years"
 Lord Robert said the conditions were the same with naval forces.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
CAN NOW SEND
 MAIL TO SERBIA

It was announced at the post of fee today that dispatch of mail to Serbia through Italy, is now allowed Heretofore, on account of the war, sending of mail to that country was prohibited. This announcement Is limited to post cards and letters only, no parcels being accepted.
 Money orders to civilians at any place in Palestine now occupied by. the allied armies, may now be sent. as the post officeS department has been notified of the willingness of the Administration of Great Britain to arrange matters with the Egyptian Postal Administration regarding the payment of the money sent to thai country.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
ENLISTED MEN
 BACK IN FRANCE

Washington, Jan. 9.---The War De- partment announced today that the following enlisted men of the Ameri- can expeditionary forces, released from German prison camps and hos pitals, had returned to France:
 August F. Landmark, Gaylordsville, Conn.
 Vincenzo Labriola, Bristol. Conn. Adelard Talbot, Westfield, N. H. Sam Nazzaro, Branchville, Conn.
 William P. LemieuX, Middletown. Conn.
 George Nelson, Bristol, Conn.
 Frying D. Dresser, Bristol, Conn.
 William Jamison, West Haven, Conn.
 George Myers Westport, Conn.
 Edward J. Nolan, Waterbury, Conn. Michael F. Mccarthy, Waterbury, Conn
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
EBERT -SCHE:|DEMAN REGIME OVERTURNED
 BY THE EXTREMISTS
They Gained Upper Hand Through Fighting of Most Sanguinary Character-New Revolu- hOnary Movement Proclaimed Composed of Independent Socialists Civil War Spreading to Other Parts of Germany.

Paris Jan 9The EbertScheidemann government Ger many has been overturned the extremists having gained the upper hand in Berlin after sangunary fighting according the latest German advices received here
 A revolutionary government has been proclaimed composed of independent socialists
 part of the troops reported gone to the rebels and the Sparacans hold the principal points in Berlin.
 Civil spreading to other parts of Germany the ad- vices indicate and parts of the Rhensh provinces and Bavaria reported to be involved.
 Gustav Noske, the commander-in-chef of the German government troops will send new forces against capital in attempt to regain control of it. reported desperae reaction by the conservative elements is expected
 The casualties in the Berlin fighting reported to
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

The cases against Jesse Pugh of 1471 Housatonic avenue. and Joseph Prince of 146 Lexington avenue, were nolled in the city court by Judge Frank c. Wilder this morning The two men were arrested yesterday af- ternoon, and locked up charged with robbing Andrew Selver. 112 Frank street of STA several days age. In vestigation showed that Selver had been playing game of chance with the two men and lost his money in this way. and that the complainant was as guilty as the accused.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
WILL POSTPONE PEACE CONFERENCES
CUTLER GIVES PROGRAM
 FOR PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
Chairman of Association of Railway Executives Lays Plans Before Interstate Commerce Commission To
 day-Incudes Unif1cation of Operation

Washington Jan 9A comprehensive program for private ownership and management of railroads under strict ment regulation laid before the Senate Interstate merce Committee today by T. Dewitt Cuyler chairman of the association of railway executives representing virtually all leading roads the United States The plan includes provi-
 sion for merging systems large of unication of operaton pooling of facilities and in certain earnings and enforcement of adequate under supervision secretary of anspOrtatOn, cabinet officer the erstate Commerce Commission acting supreme of n dsDutps
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
TO FIGHT RED FLAG

Washington. Jan. s.-Plans for 6 nationwide fight against the red flag movement was made today at the con- vention here of the National assoeia- ton opposed to woman suffrage. A program for 9 fight in the next con gress against the proposed Susan B. Anthony equal suffrage amendment also was considered. Leaders of the association said they considered. the amendment defeated for the present session.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
REFUSED TO REPORT RULE.

Washington, Jan. 9-By a vote of to 8, the House rules committee to- day refused to report a rule giving privileged statutes to the bill appro- priating the s100, 100000 requested by President Wilson for European relief work.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

Aver, Mass, Jan. S-Captain Har- " J. Harris of Brookline, Mass, was tried by general court martial today at Camp Devens on charges of mis- appropriating government property and employing enlisted men about his home.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

notes what branch of service the regiment comes under. Blue for infantry, red for artillery, etc.
 There is also another mark that has not yet been officially authorized That is a gold star on the right arm It means that the wearer was one of the first quarter of a million to go overseas.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

Ten per cent of the adults in this country can't read English Judging by the way some of our politicians talk. they must think the number of illiterates Is much larger than that.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10
Peace Conference Delayed; To Start
 Early Next Week
lOyd-Ge0rge Detained ir London By Work In- cident to Reconstruction of His Cabinet Premier Orlando Must Return to Italy for Short Stay-Meeting Today at Office of Steph- en PichOn, Foreign Minister.

Paris, Jan 9(By the Associated Press)Presiden Will sons conferences with the Premers of Great Britain France and Italy which open today have been delayed and probably will not begin before early next week
 MT Lloyd George detained in London by work incident the reconstruction of his cabinet Premier Orlando of Italy. due here today probably will return to Rome his pres for is hours necessary because matters under sideration by the Italian Parliament.
 There will, however be a meeting today the office of Stephen Pchon foreign minister It will attended by Mr. Wilson Premier Orlando and Japanese representatives but will be informal because of the absence Lloyd George although British representatives probably will be present It believed important details of procedure will settled thus enabling the delegates when Mr. Lloyd George arrives to
 ee the preliminary work rapidly and clear up opening conferences Monday and Tuesday
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

be adopted, which divide the work of the peace congress into successive steps. The actual making of peace with the Central Powers may be the last of these steps. ;
 The procedure now being discuss ed, is roughly, as follows:
 First, a general agreement be- tween the United States and the En- tente belligerents for the creation of League of Nations, or similar ma chinery, to enforce the terms of peace and preserve it,
 Second, the setting up of new in- dependent states growing out of the war
 Third, the assessment of damages and indemnities and the manner of their payment.
 Fourth, the conclusion of peace treaties with the Central Powers
 The peace treaties may be left to the last because none of the agree ments can bind the Central Powers unless, in the meantime, they have established governments which satis- fy the peace congress as to their sta l bil1ty and purpose of carrying out ] the treaties made.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

The best informed French sources say the conference is nothing more or Jess than a meeting of the higher Al lied War Committee It is pointed out that the committee will be com posed of the pren1iers and foreign ministers of the Allies, MT. Wilson figuring as American premier.
 As regards questions concerning en- emy countries, it is understood that those concerning Germany will be taken up first, then those of Austria Hungary, and finally those of Bulga- ria and Turkey. These details, how ever, probably will not be decided upon until the League of Nations part of the program has been ex- hausted.
 It is not expected that the pre- niens' conference will deal with more than the most general principles of the peace settlement. In fact, 1t now seems doubtful if more than a broad general agreement will be reached be. fore President Wilson returns to America in February. Out of the coming conferences 1t is expected that Q more or less tentative program will
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

The correspondent reports that the Spartacans got eighteen million marks in paper money when they captured the government printing office
 Paris, Jan. 9-Tne German gov ernment has opened negotiations with the Poles who have invaded the prov ince of Posen, according to the[ Frankfort Gazette, which says there are hopes that an understanding that will end the fighting will be reach ed.
 Basic, Wednesday, Jan. S.-Strikes and demonstrations in sympathy with the Liebknecht movement in Berlin have taken place in Brunswick and Munich. A mob pillaged the stores in Brunswick. In Munich. the Bavar- ian capital, several persons were kill ed and wounded in street riots.
 Paris, Jan A general strike has been declared by German workers in the work shops at Brunswick, accord ing to advices received here. The strikers are reported to have plum dered the public buildings there.
 Amsterdam, Jan. 9.-Street fighting in Berlin attained the greatest inten- sity between Il o'clock Tuesday night and o'clock Wednesday morning, ac- cording to a Berlin telegram to the Frankfort Nechrichten. Heavy ar tillery firing continued uninterrupted ly The despatch says the governments is still master of the situation,
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

Amsterdam, Jan. 9-Severe fight ing, in which artillery was employed, took place in Berlin yesterday near the Central Telegraph office. The Spartacans renewed their attempts to seize the Chancellor's palace, it is de clared in Berlin despatches to the Handlesblad. but were driven back with the loss of thirty killed and forty-f1ve wounded.
 These figures, the newspapers cor respondent says, appear to be too small. Chaos prevails In the gov ernment offices.
 The government has been concen- trating troops in Berlin and on We'd nesday, the advices add, the Sparta cans were driven from the Potsdam and Anhalt railroad stations, the Brandenburg gate and the Central railway office.
 The Prussian war minister told the correspondent that the power of the government was increasing because volunteers were offering their serv- ices However, 1t would not be easy to restore order because the Sparta cans had occupied buildings all over Berlin.
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

The independent Socialists said to be at the head of the new govern ment are George Ledebour, Herr Liebmann and Herr Tick.
 Dr. Karl Liebknecht, the leader of the Spartacans, is continuing his ac- tivities, (presumably in an effort to install a government of his own chosing).
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

ALL THE NEWS
 THAT'S WORTH P R I N T I N G
Republican farmer., 1919-01-10

ALI, THE NEWS THAT'S WORTH P R I N T I N G