Arizona republican., 1919-01-12
SUBTERRANEAN AND SUBMARINE MEDIA
 OF WIRELESS FOUND

WASHlNGTON. Jan. 11.-HoW un- derground and through water wireless was put into practical use during the war, was disclosed today by navy department officials, giving to the pub lie another of it's secrets. carefully guarded so long as it might be of value to the enemy. Government df- ficials regard this development, orig mated in private research by James II. Rogers, scientist of Hiattsville Maryland as one of the wars most scientific advances of the kind. In practical use, the new system so far Is employed only for receiving.
 Messages sent out from powerful stations in Europe are now being read at underground receiving Stations in the United States and, in some cases better than when caught by the elab- crate and expensive air stations.
 In addition, it was revealed at the department through an adaptation of the Rogers theory, submarines under water are intercepting radio signals sent from shore, and with crude ap- paratus the scientist has succeedse in transmitting two miles from a sub merged. wire stimulating a submersible. Officials say it is possible, although not yet an accomplished fact, that ground or water sending can be de- veloped to a considerable extent. TheS do not anticipate, however, that the present method of sending from high towers will be superseded except for limited special purposes
 Earth DefIected Radios
 The theory most generally held. un- til Rogers demonstrated the correct ness of his views, was that impulses hurled into the air from a radio trans hitting station and deflected earth ward became dissipated, as does lightning, when they struck the ground or water. The Maryland scientist. however believes that the impulses flowed through the earth as through the air, and that it was only necessary to trap and measure them in the ground. He had been at work on this theory before the United States en- tered the war, and already had in- terested naval experts. He offered the results of his work to the navy with out restriction, and when they were accepted after some demonstrations at Hiattsville, officials say. he was with difficulty persuaded to accept even remuneration for actual time given to cooperation with the gov ernment. One of the first steps taken was the request of the navy depart ment, that his application for patents be expedited. This was done.
 Small Construction Cost
 Some of the main advantages of the Rogers system. as developed so far, according to the experts, are almost negligible cost of construction, the intensifying of signals by pointing the sending apparatus toward the receiv- ing station, and reduction of static in reference. Because of the latter ad- vantage the navy's receiving station at New Orleans, where communication with ships in southern waters, swept by frequent electrical storms. is main tained. uses the underground appara- tus with marked success.
 In war a great advantage is that submarines receive messages while submerged. by means of wire trailing in the water
 The Rogers development aroused electrical experts of the government to new efforts to expand and improve radio transmission facilities.
 Out of the eXperimenta! work done with this and other ideas. steady ad vance has been made under war pres sure, and Rogers theories are inter- woven with those of other men in the results that are being obtained