Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-05-11
'SlMPLIF|ED LESSONS IN
. |. J. CARE OF AUTOMOBILE
Expert Gucrrlick Explains the Car
buretor and Its Important
s3sS Functions.
MUST UNDERSTAND THEORIES
Working knowledge Is vitality Es-
sential in Locating Engine Trouble
and in Getting Best Power Re
suits From Machine.

= suppose we had a tank or chamber
as IA insthe illustration, partly filed
with a liquid. and to this chamber had
a tube or nozzle. b connected. the
opening OF which nozzle was about l-32
of an inch above the level OF the liquid.
Now. letfus further suppose that in
some way we can make the pressure
Of the air OH top of the liquid in cham
Der a." greater than that on the
LIQUID at the opening OF the nozzle
What would happen under the above
circumstances" Why. the liquid would
SQUIRT or spray out of the nozzle
Upon the above action the design of
practically all of the present day car
buretors is based beg the reader
therefore. 10 clearly understand the
ies'' will help him much in trouble
locating and in getting the most power
out of his engine.
Let usJnakc few observations upon
what viii affect the quantity or speed
of fow OF ,the liquid sprayed
Naturally. the difference Of the pres
sure in the chamber "A and on top of
the liquid in the nozzle Will affect this.
The greater this difference the greater
the spray.
The height of the mouth of the noz-
zis above the level of the LIQUID will
zle's mouth were say one inch above
the level. one inch of liquid would first
nave to be lifted, and the friction of
come so that the difference in ,ssure
would really be reduced
The size OF the opening or mouth of
amount of liquid sprayed. 'rhe smaller
the opening the smaller the amount
of spray
liquid is the gasoline, the chamber
"a" the supply. or as it is called.
float chamber" and the chamber above
the nozzle called the mixing cham
hAr L. a.
or piping of the engine.
Let US see how we can get differ
ssnee in pressure. on top of the gaeo-
line IN TIM in 1 nosz1e ea! re chamber M a. and that
the suction stroke of the engine va
CUM ta.5prcssure less than atmos-
nhere9 is created, and this vacuum will
manifold. and then to the carburetor.
mixing chamber. and so the nozzle .B"
viii be In vacuum. The float cham
pheric pressure. and thus there is a
greater pressure on top Of the liodld
in the float chamber a. than on that
in the nozzle. SO that the gasoline will
the small opening, spray out.
You Will notice that the chamber
is also omen TO the atmosphere at
D.. SO that on the suction stroke air
will rush in through this opening.
then through the manifold TO the cylin-
der. AS this rushing air passes the
HoELle. IL VIII PICK up the spraying
gasoline. and carry il TO the cylinder
with 1t. On the way. due to the va
CUM and temperature (Which in the
summer time will be about 30 deErees)
the gasoline will change to a gas !,
VIII also be thoroughly mixed with
the air: Thus an explosive mixture OF
gas and air enters the cylinders
Opening Is Never Changed.
In most carburetors. the opening ID
through which tho air passes. is never
nd al
must be in certain ratio or proper
ton, and there must, therefore be some
way of varying or regulating this pro-
portion. The air being constant or
not chanEeable, we must change the
quantity OF the Gasolicn sprayed How"
You VIII note above, where those
things which will affect the spray is
given, that the size Of the opening of
the nozzle Will cause change in GUAM
titE. This opening can be easily
changed by screwing pointed needle
into or out OF the mouth OF the noz-
sat were 70 the ee neeaIe yo screw evil,
ed down. as far as ii will go. the
mouth OF the nozzle would be entirely
closed. while for each turn upWa rd
the opening is less obs,ructed. until
hnaIly It would be entirely clear. Thus
p when the needle "E" is screwed I'm
more gasoline is in the mixture and
it.becomes richer. while if il is screw
ed down the proportion of gasoline is
or leaner. =. -.
ost eh she fve 9" h hs nnS s,n in The The
mouth Of the nozzle "R." the gasoline