davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-10-19
Takes Glance at Future.

IF it is the case today tau. hut
forty people " of hundred live
in their own homes. and that the in
crease, small as it is. will continue,
it is fair TO conclude that twenty
five years hence less than one-thjrd
of the population of the United
States will be outside the tenant
class"
Referring to the peace treaty. Ser
ator Calder said
Before the peace treaty is passed
we shall write into II rrservat: onS
that will safeguard our country.
We have been asked. WIZ not adopr
article x as 1t is and be done with
it?' We will not adopt this article
because it violates in direct terms
the fundamental law of our land
The Constitution provides that Con-
gress alone shall declare VIZ
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20
Your and Our Beet
Sugar Industry

large part Of their time is spent ad-
vising the farmers as to the best
methods of raising the crops, helping
them to adjust drills and cultivators,
distributing the labor and helping to
settle controversies between laborer
and farmer. 1t stands to reason that
a man seeing hundreds of different
fields handled under many different
conditions and the resulting crop be-
comes more familiar with the proper
methods of raising the crop than a
farmer seeing only his own opera
tions, even if the farmer is just as
intelligent as the fieldman. Both will
make mistakes. A great many things
have been learned since 1901, both by
farmers and fieldmen, and fortunate
ly there is room for many improve
ments. In our Oldest districts AN in
crease in the yield per acre is unmis-
taxable. if we compare average
yields of successive five-year periods
There are three points needing more
attention.
l. Production, preservation and
use Of more manure.
2. More timely preparation of the
fields.
3. More rational irrigation, main
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20
Continued From First Page

fore, there are limits to this practice
if the industry is to be maintained
on an efficient basis.
Another consequence of unrestricted
delivery is that more beets have to
be stored in piles. We all realize
that shoveling beets into piles is
heavy work. The problem of doing
this by machinery is now being care
fully investigated, and we hope soon
er or later TO solve it. OF course ev-
cry time hand or horse labor is re-
placed by machinery. new economical
problems arise. Technically, it is not
difficult to design IA plant handling
beets mechanically, but all designs
available are too expensive cons ider-
ing the short time they are used, and
usually demand skilled mechanics for
their efficient operation.
Transportation Facilities
Another way of cheapening the de-
livery of the crop is by providing
more dumps and more railroad facil-
tiles. Under the conditions prevail
ing the last two years, it has been
almost impossible to get the railroads
to cooperate. Higher price of ma
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

terial and labor and lower revenue
prevented any new installations. New
ertheless. we have built some new
dumps in every district.
The Sugar Company from the be-
ginning realized the Importance of
railroads and built in the first years
the Great Western Railway i'll Colo
RADIO, connecting Longmont, Loveland
Windsor and Eaton, by what might be
called cross-country road of about
rs miles. To this was added part of
the defunct Denver and Laramie Rail
road, on the west side of the South
Platte. These railroads are operated
with special reference to the needs of
the rural districts through which they
run.
The improvement of roads leading
to the dumps also helps to make the
delivery of the crop more economical
The Company has appropriated an
nually during the last two years $75,-
10000 to be spent on road improve
ments in our beet districts in COOP
Grafton with the local authorities,
who usually spend an equal amount
The results in most districts are most
gratifying, although in some districts
it was impossible to interest the coun-
ty authorities sufficiently to act.
At Loveland concrete road, and
at Windsor a macadamized road, was
built. 1t seems that such expensive
types are warranted only in few
places. The Company's equipment
and experience in these matters will
be gladly lent to those wishing it.
The Field Force
There are now 70 agricultural su-
perintendents and fieldmen, thirty of
whom have been with the Company
ten years or more. Some of them
have been connected with the beet su-
gar business as long as beets have
been raised en- the irrigated lands in
the United States Irrigation first
was applied to heets on Il commercial
scale in Utah in 1891. All of these
men were farming themselves or con-
nected with large farming enterprise,
in supervisory capacity.
Most of the fieldmen also are re
cruited from the farming class of our
beet districts. In the last two years
we made careful canvass of the
graduating classes of the agricultural
college in our state, as we'll as in the
states further east, and picked num-
ber of promising young men These
were placed with the older men as
apprentices and given thorough
training, familiarizine them with our
local farming systems and the special
requirements of the beet sugar in
dustry. Temporarily many of these
men are in the army service. but they
will reutrn soon.
All these men. while in our service
and paid by us, form in reality far
mers' service department, although
not appreciated as such by many far
mers.
The field force. of course, was pri-
marily engaged to take contracts. dis
tribute seed, and 10 supervise the re-
ceiving of the beets. However, a
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

| The Company offered in 1913 the
price of ten thousand dollars for a
practical machine to replace the hand
work during the harvest time. Many
| inventors offered their machines
These and European models were care.
fully tested, as well as several ma
chimes built with the financial and
technical help of the Company. IN
fortunately, so far none of the avail
able machines have proved practicable
in spite of the effort made and the
money spent.
We at the same time investigated
and tested on large scale various
methods Of doing away with the hand
thinning and blocking, also without
tangible results, except to clarity the
fundamental points of the problem a
great deal.
These attempts have not been Civ
en- up. As soon as the many prob
lens created by the war have been
settled. we shall continue our efforts
along this line and hope to accom-
plish something sooner or later.
Beet Seed
1t has always been the policy of
the Sugar Company to buy the best
beet seed on the market. 1t was sold
to the farmers for ten cents per
pound from the beginning and is be-
ing sold at this price now, although
most sugar companies charge more
for it, because seed in the last three
years has had to be bought at a very
high price. The Company had inves-
tigated carefully all European seed
producing concerns and bought only
from the most reliable firms.
The question of raising our own
beet seed has been considered from
the beginning. There was an acre or
so produced at Loveland in 1902. In
1903 We started at Billings, Montana,
beet breeding and beet seed raising
operations on commercial scale The
beet breeding is now conducted at
Longmont and has progressed far
enough to warrant the statement that
we can undoubtedly maintain and
probably improve the high qualities
of the European product used hereto
fore. These breeding operations are
quite expensive and complicated, in
volving the testing of large number
Of strains and individual beets
We are now prepared to raise from
1000 to 1000 acres of commercial beet
seed every year, enough for our re-
quirements. These beet seed opera
tions hav to be carried on in different
districts, to minimize the danger from
hail and other local accidents. This
crop requires a large amount of hand
labor. mainly needed during planting,
which takes place before beet thin
ming time, and during the harvesting
of the seed, which takes place in Au-
gust or September. Beet labor, there
fore. can be we'll utilized for this
crop.
To raise this crop properly a ration
al system Of crop rotation must be
carried out. 1t takes about 900 to
12,ooo acres cropped and irrigated
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

green on hand for distribution at cost.
Last year we provided 10000 pounds
of it, Also, where farmers have no
sprayer. we have furnished them at
nominal rental. Last season this ae-
tivity occupied large part of the
time of our field force and purchas-
ing department.
The root-louse has been shown -
migrate from long -leaved cottonwood
trees to the beet fields. We will nov
urge our farmers to get rid of these
trees wherever possible.
Pulp and By-PrOducts
From the beginning the farmers and
stock feeders of our beet districts
realized the value Of pulp and molas
ses as cheap feeds, balancing our main
alfalfa. We always have
had more demand for wet pulp than
we could supply. Nevertheless, we
have tried to improve the quality Of
the pulp sold by installing better
drainage and mechanical arrange
ments for separating the pulp from
the water before it enters the pulp
-ilo, and by building more silos wher-
ever the available space allows it and
the volume handled justifies it. There
are now annually about 10000 to TO-
00G head of cattle, or the equivalent
number of sheep. fed with pulp and
molasses.
The price of pulp and molasscs al
ways has been kept lower than the
prices of competitive feeds. Molasses
always has been sold locally in the
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

ly with reference to irrigating early
enough and late enough. =
Our fieldmen are often in diff
cult position. Some farmers resent
their advice, other farmers are inclin-
ed to blame the fieldmen for def
cheney in the final yield, if they fol-
lowed the fieldman's advice some time
during the growing season. While,
of course, fieldman, like any other
farmer, is bound to make mistake,
farmers should realize that it is the
aim of the field force to help to pro-
duce the maximum yield on the acre
age contracted with the most eco
nomical means. In other words, af-
ter the price for the sugar beets once
is settled, the interests of the farmer
and the Sugar Company are identi-
cal.
Labor
The beet crop requires more hand
labor than any other crop raised on
a similar scale. This labor was not
available in any new beet territory,
and therefore was provided by the Su
gar Company. The bulk of this la
Dor was drawn from Russian settle
ments in Nebraska, Kansas and North
Dakota. Between three and four
thousand of these families have been
introduced into the beet districts.
Since the beginning of the war no
immigration from Russia has taken
place. A considerable part of the
i. k,o lad Lx,M L.,
Dor.
The importation and distribution of
the beet labor has been handled by
the Sugar Company in such man.
ner that farmers have hardly real
lied what trouble and expense is con-
nected with this activity, particularly
in newer districts.
There is no doubt that this labor
supply in a large measure has help
ed to solve the general problem in
our farm districts. Our beet dis
tricts last year had notably less la
Dor trouble than any other farm dis
trict we know of.
However, it is of course realized
that the introduction of large al
len element has produced some new
problems. emphasized by the war.
One of the problems is the schooling
of the children of the beet workers
Mr.. Fl. NJ. Baker, judge of the Dis
trict Court Of Weld county, and J. II.
Lee, the chief probation officer. have
made Il careful survey of the situa-
ton. In conformity with their rec
concentrations, an extension school
was started in Greeley, July, 1917,
and this year, in addition to the one
in Greeley, similar schools were es-
tablished at Eaton, Windsor, Evans,
Galeton and District No L. In the
first year the Sugar Company fur
nished automobile transportation to
the pupils.
The idea is to have two months of
school during the summer before the
beet harvest, so that children can be
used during beet harvest without set
back to their education. The details
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

root-louse. The results are communi-
Gated from time to time.
lnsect Pests
From time to time, every five years
or so, We have outbreaks of webworns
in various districts. Timely spraying
with proper dose Of Paris green 10
the recognized remedy. We have
found it advisable to keep the Paris
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

of this scheme and the necessity for
II are set forth in Bulletin No. &, pub
lished by the State Teachers Col
lege. Greeley, Colo. Interested farm
ers can undoubtedly obtain it from
them.
The rest of the farm labor prob
lem-teamsters and hired hands
looked quite serious in 1917. How
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

land TO do this, which have TO be
leased or bought.
These farms are operated in units
OF from 800 to 1000 acres each. The
popularity of the crop demands that
certain operations must be done in a
very short time to be successful, ne
cesSltating concentration of labor at
one point not necessary for any other
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

have seventy men available, and the
necessary equipment.
The beets sliced in the fall to be
planted next spring occupy about 50
miles of silos, which have TO be cover
ed two to three feet deep, partly by
hand, partly by caterpillar drawn ell
evator graders. The labor involved is
a great deal more than that of grad
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

ing so miles of road Our caterpil-
lars had to travel about 5000 miles 10
cover the so miles of silos. Complete
seed cleaning installations have been
built at Longmont, Fort Collins.
Brush, Sterling, Scottsbluff and Bill
lngs, so that the seed turned out COM
pares favorably with the best obtain
ed from Europe.
OF course such activities demand
careful planning, supervision, well
working organization, and last. but
not least, time to work out all of the
involved problems John Conner. for
merly Agricultural Superintendent at
Windsor. is new Seed Superintend-
ent.
Experimental Work
The Company realized that quite a
number of problems needed careful
investigation beyond the scope of an
ordinary farm organization. From
1910 on, experimental work for var
ious purposes has been conducted al
Billings, Sterling and Longmont. We
have now at Longmont an experiment
tai farm of about 80 acres, provided
with laboratory. greenhouse and 9TH
er equipment, We investigated care
fully the different varieties of Euro
pcan seed, irrigation and rotation
problems.
Mr. Maxson, with several assist
ants, carries on studiess of insect pests
and diseases Of importance to our
beet raising districts, the most i'm
portant ones being the webworm and
The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1919-02-20

Continued to Page Six
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24

outside to work on farms and in
other work in the country, but for
only six hours a day. We did not
mind that with the food we got in
the Red Cross parcels.
I'VE had our own organization with
our own non-coms, and Sergeant
Halyburton, the first prisoner there,
as commandant. When the armistice
was signed, we stayed and the next
day commissioned officer in khaki
arrived and took command.
TN a couple Of weeks we were
entrained and taken through Swift
zerland to Vichy, back to our own
folks"
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
MISSISSIPPI
is A COQUET
After Falling Below the Flood Line
on the Guage, 1t Shows Signs
Of Rising
Again.

The Mississippi river is flirting
around the flood line on the guage in
most coquetish manner.
This morning it was two and a half
inches below the flood stage of four
teen feet here at Keokuk 1t had
changed only an inch one way or an
other at up river points, except at ST.
Paul where It rose over foot in the
previous twenty-four hours.
Tho government forecast this morn
ing said the Mississippi will change
but little from Muscatine to Keokuk
with a rising tendency. If this amounts
to a rise Of two-tenths it will, be back
at the flood line here. The river is
forecast to fall from Keokuk to Louis
lana today and tonight, the forecast
SAWS.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
LOWER FOOD
PRICES SOON
o"s,rinan of Industrial Board Makes
MS Prediction After Confer
ence With Food Adj
sninistration.

lUnlted Press Leased Wire Service
Wv WASHINGTON, March 24.-Lower
i f prices ''in the relatively near
cure We're predicted today by
DIS ulse N Peek, chairman of the in
d duSlrial board, now driving to bring
Avn war prices in all commodities.
tra ter conference with food admins
st atlon officials, Peek made this
Inv, mere is every reason to expect
naa lood prices in the relatively
men iuture. This view, l believe. the
fooa IN charge of the affairs of the
g De-, administration will share"
foo5 sek based his predictions of lower
Of NJ ~ prices, he said, on the possibilit-
and enormous wheat crop this year
jer r ~ the TACT that the government. I'M
ami, .he wheat guarantee bill has
whe e,e authority to guarantee the so25
or nv Price and then sell the wheat
ioos tue nj ilour at a loss to bring down
was OF the opinion that some
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
For Skin iT'ortures

Don't worry about eczema or other
skin troubles. You can have clear.
healthy skin by using Zerno, obtained
at any drug store for 35c, or extra large
bottle at $l.00.
Zemo generally removes pinples,
blackheads, blotches, eczema and ring
worm and makes the skin clear and
healthy. Zemo is clean, penetrating,
antiseptic liquid, neither sticky nor
greasy and stains nothing. 1t is easily
applied and costs a mere trifie for each
application. 1t is always dependable.
The E. W. Rose Co, Cleveland, o.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
|Qu|T WHISKY
AS MEDICINE
After the First of July, It will be Hard
to Obtain Even on Preserip-
ton In Any Drug
Store.
KEoKUK DRUGGISTS
General Movement is to Discontinue
Keeping 1t in Drug Stores Even
for Medicinal Use on Ac-
count of Bother.
DRUGGISTS

| Keokuk druggists will probably
Join those of Iowa and Illinois in not
keeping any whisky in their stores
after July l.
There has been no official action
in Iowa, as by the Illinois State Phar-
maceutical association" said keo-
| kuk druggist today, "but from the
! talk I've heard, we will all cut 1t out
entirely as soon as the federal law
goes into effect.
"The red tape which will no doubt
tie up a sale under federal control
will be so much bother, no doubt,
that it will not be worth while
bothering with it for the small guam
tity sold for medicinal use.
"All the talk / have heard lndl-
Gates that we will all cut 1t out en-
tirely here in Keokuk, not take out
an internal revenue license and not
keep any whisky in the store at al"
Even in Quincy, They Will Quit.
Down in Quincy where there are
saloons that have not had the door
locked for a generation, the drought
will be made real after July 1, ac-
cording to e. Percy Brown, president
of the retail druggists association OF
that city He says the drug stores
there will discontinue the sale of
whisky entirely.
The legislative committee of the
Illinois Pharma ceutical association
has adopted resolution recommends
ing that the druggists of the state
refrain from taking out new govern
ment licenses after the national pro-
hibition laws becomes effective. I'm
der these laws the sale of liquor by
druggists will become a complicated
matter and the penalties for viola
ton are most severe. The druggists
are satisfied that the quantities sold
would not pay the cost of the license
and that it's sale would prove a
source of never ending annoyance
and lead to unavoidable complica-
tions.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
Worlds Record Broken.

PORTLAND, Ore, March 24-Ray
Creviston, Of Marion, Indiana, broke
the worlds five mile straight away
motor cycle record here yesterday
when he established mark of 3: Is rs.
Twenty-Five thousand persons wit
messed the race in which thirteen
motor cyclists participated.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
sIuck and knoer in Lead.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service. !
TOLEDO, Ohio, March ga.
Buick and J. Knoer, Of Cleveland.
went into fifth place in the doubles
in the A. B. G. tourney this morning
when they rolled 1,240. Paine and
Wampling. Peoria, H., took seventh
place with 1927. No one placed in
the singles.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
DUTCH GUARD
is REINFORCED
Former Kaiser Receives Letters
Threatening His Life and
Warning Telegram From
Friend.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.2
AMERONGEN, Holland, March "a.
The Dutch guard about the kaiser's
residence here was reinforced today
as the result of the receipt of letters
threatening his life Wilhelm was
also said to have received a warning
telegram from friend.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24

CLASS EATS
The End of Two Courses in Charscte-
Analysis to be Marked by
Banquet This
Evening.

A banquet will mark the final ses.
sion of the class at the Y. NJ. c. A.
which has been studying how to sizs
up people by looking at them and
watching the manner in which they
handle their hats and walk in the
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24

Just how The provisions of the wheat
guarantee bill will be carried out is
now up to President Wilson, it was
stated.
Peek believes that if the price Of
flour or wheat to the public can be
brought down despite the fact that
the farmer receives 1926 bushel,
practically all other food prices will
drop.
"The phrasing OF the grain Mll. :"
Peek pointed out. clearly indicates
that the one billion dollar appropria-
ton was made by congress, not only
to make good the $2.26 guarantee to
the farmers, but to enable the gov
eminent to sell wheat and flour at the
guaranteed prices, or such other
prices and on such terms or condi-
tions as may be necessary to carry
out the purposes of the act and to
enable the people Of the United States
to purchase wheat products at a reas-
enable cost"
This phrasing, Peek explained, will
be the grounds for any action by the
government to substitute wheat or
flour so that it may he sold to the
public at lower prices than 1t actual
ly costs.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24

street. There have been two courses
in this science and art conducted by
Physical Director DanieIson, with
twenty-one enrolled for each course.
There are lot of good speeches
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
Nearly Starved for six Weeks.

working eleven hours day, we
were very much underfed, not to say
starved" said Pechstein, "but the
work would not have been too hard,
if we had had food.
For breakfast, all we had was one
cup of coffee made out of barley and
acorns only.
For dinner, we had one bowl Of
soup containing some cow peas and
carrots and cabbage.
For supper, all we had was one
slice of bread and one cup of that
acorn coffee, except sometimes we
got small spoonful of butter or jam
with it. Six weeks Of this pulled us
down a good deal"
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24
No Food for Two DAYS.

At the same time, the Hun soldiers
had meat with their soup, a half loaf
of bread instead of a slice, and often
had horse meat obtained from artil-
lery and transport horses killed in the
combat sectors and butchered after
ward, as was the custom with them.
1--WE rode the days of October 16
and II, and the night between on a
train without a bite to eat for the
two days and a night except "a few
turnips our guards stole and gave to
u.s. continued Pechstein.
1--WE were. taken through Metz and
Strassburg to the prison camp at
Rastatt, and on arrival were thor
oughly deloused before being placed
in barracks. We arrived on the even
ing of October IL, and next morning
we received our first Red Cross par
Gel.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-24

programmed for this evening when
the coffee is served at the banquet
which begins at $50 o'clock.