davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-11-02

little doubt but some curious travellers
will yet find some of the bones of his
dog, IL they can but come upon the
veritable spot Of his long sleep"
First New York Home.
Irving's first home in New York
after mis- long stay in Europe was at
the old familiar No. 3 Bridge street OF
his youth. Then, at the solicitation OF
John Jacob Astor, who was extremely
desirous Of having a book written on
the subject of his settlement of Astoria
at the mouth Of the Columbia River,
he went to live at the Astor house on
the banks of the East River, over
! looking He'll Gate. In letter TO Peter,
/ Washington recorded: II have not had
| so quiet and delightful a nest since I
/ have been in America lie q. ]. Astor)
! has spacioU and well built house,
| with a lawn in front of IL and a gar
den in rear The lawn sweeps down to
/ the water edge. and full in front Of
! the house is tho little strait of He'll
Gate, which formJ a constantly mov-
I ing picture. Here the old gentleman
/ keeps a kind of bachelor hall. Hal
| 'NNhI NAi' PptNt IlNNS WIN MIN, Dut
goes to town every morning and comes
out to dinner. The only other member
of his family is one of his grandchil-
dren, a very fine boy OF II years of
age. Pierre Munroe Irving has been
a guest for several weeks past, but
has recently returned TO New York.
| cannot tell you how sweet and de-
lightful ' have found this retreat /:
pure air. agreeable scenery. a spacious
house, profound quiet, and perfect
command OF my time and myself. The
consequence is that I have written
more. since I have been here than !
have ever done in the same space of
time"
All through the autumn of 1885 and
a great part OF 1885 Washington
Irving enjoyed what was then the
pure air of the East River as II blew
in from Hell Gate. In the meantime
he had been building his cottage near
Tarrytown, making frequent trips
from the banks of one river to the
banks ~ the other 20 urge an the
The sun., 1919-11-02
HOME 81 WASHINGTON IRVING :.

piles, and a seeming city, extending
over heights he had left covered with
green forests (alluding' to Brooklyn
and Gowanus), and above all his feel
ings in contemplating Manhattan,
seated in the midst of it's watery do.
main, stretcl "r away to a vast ex-
tent-when leld a glorious sun.
shine lighting up the skies and domes
some familiar 10 memory. others new
and unknown. and beam!ng upon a
forest OF masts CT every nation, eX-
tending as far as the eye could reach"
One of Irving's first journeys after
his arrival was to the scenes of his
famous RIP Van Winkle." which had
been written in England twelve years
before, when he had never been in
the Catskill Mountains. In letter
to his brother Peter, who was then
in Paris, he wrote: I'VE left New York
about seven O'Clock in one OF those
great steamboats, that are like floating
hotels and we arrived at West Point
The sun., 1919-11-02
SUNhTSiDE

actually on board the frigate. Then
came news OF Bonaparte's escape from
Elba, and the Government deemed II
prudent to delay the expedition. The
fleet eventually sailed, and had Irving
accompanied Decatur, as he was so
near doing, he would have been on
board the Guerriere In her action with
the Mazouda. which resulted in the
capture OF the Algerine frigate and
the death of the Admiral, Hamida.
Instead Irving sailed for Liverpool on
the Mexico.
Seventeen years he was a wan.
derer. Then. on April IL, 1882, he
embarked at Havre. and arrived in
New York after a passage of forty
days. In his speech at the dinner
given in his honor-he had become a
great man In the course OF the absent
years-he told OF his emotions when
coming up the bay, his amazement at
behoiding its once wild features bright
enins with populous villages and noble
The sun., 1919-11-02
Louis NapoIeon's Visit.

An early visitor of distinction at
The Roost" was the Louis Napoleon
who afterward became Emperor Of tn"
French. Louis Napoleon, who hau
been for some months u prisoner o.
State on board a French man-of-war
was released at Norfolk. Va, in the
spring of 1887. He came TO New York
and spent morning Dreakfasting
with Irving. SO far "The Roost" had
been of bachelor flavor 1t was soon
to assume an entirely different aspect.
Ebenezer gave up his town house and
his family made THE Roost" their
permanent home. In the autumn n
1887 Washington wrote: MY little
cottage is well stocked. I have Eben-
ezer's five girls and himself also
whenever ne can be spared from town
sister Catherine and her daughter
Mr. Paris occasionally-with casual
visits from all the rest of our family
connections The cottage, Therefore
is never lonely" Nor was the neigh.
borhood long to remain lonely. IN
1910 Irving had occasion to writo to "a
sister; You would scarcely recognize
the place. it has undergone sucn
tracted others; cottages and county
seats have sprung up along the Tap.
pan Sea, and Tarrytown has become
the metropolis Of quite a fashionable
vicinity. When you knew the village
II was little better than a mere hamle;
crouched down at the foot OF "A hi.
with Its dock for the accommodation
OF the weekly market sloop Now II
has mounted the hill, boasts of its ho-
tells, and churches of various denom-
nations; has its little EpisCopaliAn
church with an organ-the gates a.
which on Sundays are thronEed with
equipages belonging to families resi-
dent within ten or Il dozen miles along
the river banks" lie seemed destined
Tor many more years in this pleasant
atmosphere, in the society of his con-
stanty accumulating "womankiua
when. to his astonishment he was
| nominated as the United States Minis
ter to Spain.
New York of the '1Os.
For his third trip to Europe Wash
ington left New York April 10. 1872
Almost four and half years elapsed
before he returned arriving in tho
| steamship Cambria at Boston, the lSta
| OF September, 1856. The Roost" To-!
other days had become "Sunuyslde
In Madrid he had thought Of II So
long to be once more back at de1r
little Sunnyside, while I have We:
strength and good spirits TO enjoy the
simple pleasures of the country. and
to rally a happy family group once
moro about me. I grudge. every year
of absence that rolls by. Tomorrow
is my birthday. ! shall then be sixty
Com ntinnIed On knnn,rinn MA.
The sun., 1919-11-02
THE IRVING HOUSE at
RAILWAY N. ID.

progress Of the work. There Is a
modern, though probably world old
| touch in one of his letters of this
time: Like all meddlings with stone
and mortar, the plan has extended
as built, until it has ended in a com
plete. though moderate sized family
residence" His first name for 1t was
THE Roost," and his early communi-
/ cations written there bear that name
I at the letter heads. From the be
! ginning he was extremely happy
there. II am living most cozily and
| delightfully."- in this dear, bright little
home, which I have fitted up to my
own humor. Everything goes on
cheerily in my little household, and I
/ would not exchange the cottage for
any chateau in Christendom. I am
working, too. with almost as much in
dustry and rapidity as I did at He'll
| Gate, and, I think, will more than
pay for my nest from the greater
number of eggs I shall be able to
hatch there" OF the wintry land
scape from 1.-THE Roost," he wrote in
| January, 1897 1--WE have a brilliant
frosty prospect from our windows;
! Tappan Bay covered with sparkling ice
and the opposite hills with snow, but
everything Is warm and cosey within
DOORS"
Unlike his great Contemporary Fen
| imore Cooper Irving was the least
contentious of men. But like Cooper,
in those days when he was Just set
ting down to comfort In his cottage
on the Hudson's banks he was made
the target for various newspaper at
tacks. First there was the disputa-
tious gentleman from the South who
considered his native North Carolina
, sighted by some reference Of the
author. More serious was the contro-
versy growing out of Irving's editing
! OF Bryant's poems for the London
market some time earlier. 1t was
| felt in England that the lines that
/ have become so familiar TO later gen
| erations of American school children
And the British soldier trembles
| When Marion's name Is told;
would be likely to give offence to sen
sitive Britons and thereby hurt the
selling chances of the boo, Irving
with Bryant's interests a. cart, sub
stituted another word for British"
/ and thus invited the charge of literary
! pusillanimity. For a time a merry
| little war waged, in which Irving took
| his own part with an unexpected vlgor
that. seems to have rather disconnected
! the attack,
The sun., 1919-11-02
New York of the 'IOs.

Continued on toHo+oiu0 pn1s
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
Pearls Transformation.

For two or three years in the seas
Of Japan, the Antilles or the Indies.
at a depth of not more than ten or
twelve meters, the marvel known as
a pearl has its birth, takes form and
grows in it's sheltered infancy. Then
there comes day when suddenly, bru-
tally, something tragic and wonderful
happens. After the great excitement
of a rude unrooting. the pearl awakens
to daylight like the princess of the
fairy tales. Passionate. mad eyes gaze
upon her. Perhaps, already. the divers
are killing each other over her. But
a master comes and assures her pro-
lection. places her among companions,
and with them surrounds her with a
thousand attentions by dint Of which
she loses that look of extreme youth
and greenness which has fingered from
the sojourn in the ocean.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
CANADIAN FARMERS.
LOOKING FOR WHEAT
PRICE BOOST TODAY
Import Embargo Goes Into
Effect;. Will Raise
Wheat Prices
(Bv United. Press,


Winnipeg, Dec. 15.--Farmers and
grain men of Canada were looking
for a big boost in wheat prices today
when the import embargo on wheat
was to be raised.
Recently No. 1 dark northern
wheat in Minneapolis has been SELL
ing at from $3.10 to 1925 a bushel.
The Canadian government has guar
anteed only $2.25 for Canadian No.
dark northern. Farmers and elevator
men of the United States have been
getting more than Canadian grain
traders.
At the same time, Canadian grain
men were looking for prices in the
United States to go down. The Cana
dian wheat board has not publicly
discussed the situation, except to pre-
dict if such Canadian wheat goes into
the United States, the shortage Of
hard wheat for -four milling will be
alleviated and this will result in low
er prices. The board is reported be-
hind it's schedule on European ship
ments and if this is true there will
likely be little wheat; available for
sale elsewhere. Contracts already
entered into with European countries
will have to be protected.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
Armenia's Homer,

Armenia, as well as Greece, had a
Homer. Like Homer Moses Of
Khorene, who wrote in the seventh
century, was held to be dealing alto
gether with tradition until archaeolog-
ical discoveries revealed the fact that
some Of his personages were historic,
according to the Christian Science
Monitor. Semiramis, the queen who
built the city of Van, much as Homer
describes Dido building the city of
Carthage, has been found in the rec
ords Of the past; but the civilization
of her day was overthrown by Cyrus
and his successors, and the land be-
came Armenia, and entered upon a
period Of about a thousand years
when general illiteracy obtained
among the population. Concerning
this period practically no record sur
wives. Not until the fourth century
did the land, now Influenced by Chris
tianity, begin to find self Repression
so it is hardly strange that what Moses
of Khorene wrote was long held to be
wholly Of his Imagination.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
DRUGS FEARFUL AND AWFUL
Amazing Connections That Our Anees.
tors Swallowed; Believing That
They Had Medicinal Virtues.

The medicines used down to even
recent days sound most extraordinary
to our ears. AS late as the eighteenth
century dried toad was seriously con-
sidered specific against the plague.
In an article in the New York Med
tcal Journal DR.. William Renwick
Riddell of Toronto, Canada, mentioned
a few Of the remedies in vogue.
A plaster made of arsenic was ap-
piled to cancers. Bleeding was prac-
ticed on all occasions, even in the
time Of our grandparents. But the
sovereign remedy of all was known
as mithridatium or theriaca. This was
the great antidote of Roman phar-
macy. 1t originally had 40 or so in
gradients, all vegetables, but Nero's
physician, Andromachus, added the
flesh Of vipers. Every physician had
his own variation of the formula, and
Matteoli in the sixteenth century put
no less than 12O ingredients into it.
The name theriaca or theriac, un-
der which it was commonly known,
was derived from the Greek "theriOn,"
a wild beast, as the stuff was consid
cred a specific against the poisonous
bites Of beasts and serpents. The
French word "theriaque" was corrupt
ed into the English "treacle," and the
medicine was known in England as
''Venice treacle." 1t was the famous
Sydenham who first opposed the use
of drugs. In fact when Sir Richard
Black1nore asked him for good guide
in practice, he replied: "Don Quixote."
and declared that the arrival of good
clown would do more for the health
of city than that of 20 asses laden
with drugs.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
OAK MARKS VENERATED SPOT
Tree Planted Where Abraham Erect
ed Altar to the Lord Has Been
Carefully Preserved.

It is recorded that when Abraham
was promised the possession Of the
land of Canaan and was commanded
to "walk through the land" he ire
moved his tent, and came and dwelt
in the plain of Mamre, which is in
Hebron, and built there an altar to
the Lord" This spot is still marked
by great oak, venerated alike by
Christian, Jew and Mohammedan. 1t
Is to this protection that one must
attribute it's preservation in a region
cleared Of almost all trees by the i'm
provident Turk. The species is not
uncommon in Palestine and Major
Portal, while stationed at general head
quarters Of the British army there,
sent to Kew gardens a small box of
acorns which were recognized as the
fruit of Abraham's tree. Sir Joseph
Hooker visited the spot in 1860 and
wanted to secure a specimen of the
wood for Kew, but no one would cut
off a bough. It was only when the
snow, which visited Jerusalem in 1856
and which did not spare Hebron, had
broken down one of the oaks branches
he was able to secure a portion Of it
which is to be seen to this day in one
of the Kew museums. But more
practical fame awaits the tree, for 1t
is with it that the Syrian forests will
probably be rehabilitated in the bright
era which is dawning now that the
Turk no longer rules the land.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
Proper SOIL ror Tves.

In planting trees and shrubbery OF
any kind particular attention must be
given to the soil. Rich soil is essen
tial. The soil around the home, espe-
cially in cities, is usually filled in or
graded down to clay. Plants cannot
grow In soil that contains an abun-
dance of stones, coarse gravel, cin-
ders, subsoil clay, and sand. Use rich
soil, for the top layer at least, even
though it may be necessary to haul It
several miles.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
Rocking Stones.

Rocking stones belong to class OF
freak stones, familiar to geologists.
Some of these rocking stones are made
so by the force Of the wind which cuts
the dirt or sand out from under them.
They are of harder material than the
dirt and stones which surround them
So the harder remains after the soft
er or shifting material has been worn
away. Other rocking stones are left
by the melting Of glaciers.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15

Unusual in cut but highly successful
is this afternoon gown Of wood brown
paulette and eeoraette Of tho same
shade. The combination Of these two
materials will soon be seen In the ad.
vance models for southern wear.
The Bemidji daily pioneer., 1919-12-15
Daily Thouuh$.

Daily Thought.
The wisest saying Of all was that the
only true wisdom lay in not thinking
that one knew what one did not know
Cicero.
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1919-12-21
SCIENCE CHURCH
DIRECTORS LOSE
PUBLISHING SUIT
rustees Favored by De-
cree Master Tenta-
lively Drafted.

Boston, Dec. 2O-A tentative draft OF
the finding of Judge Frederic Dodge, as
master said to be favorable to the trus-
tees Of the Christian Science Publishing
society, has been handed to counsel for
the trustees and for the directors of the
First Church Of Christ. Scientist The
trustees brought suit last march to have
the directors restrained from interfering
with their conduct of the publishing So
ciety's affairs.
Counsel for both sides were given 10
days in which to file exceptions or OBJ
jections. After passing upon these
Judge Dodge will hand down his final
decision, probably early in the new year.
Judge Dodge refused to make any
statement regarding his finding, but au-
thorized counsel to make any announce
ment they saw fit. Although refusing
to be quoted. counsel allowed it to be
known that the master had found that
the trustees had established their con
tention that they were in no way sub
ordinate to the directors. that the two
boards were intcrdependent and that
the directors had no legal power to rep
r:mand or remove members Of the board
Of trustees
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1919-12-21
MINE OWNERS challenge
PRESIDENTS STATEMENT;
DENY AGREEING To DEAL
Source Of Power Of Arbitrators to Fix Prices,
Questioned in Senate Hearing, Announced by
Chief Executive; Says He'll Transfer Authority
Of Fuel Administration; White, Peale and Henry
Robinson, Pasadena, Are Selected.

Washington Dec. 20Coincident tonight with President
Wilson's appointment of the commission of three out the
settling of the soft coal strike the executive
committee of the Bunous Coal Operators association issued
statement fy denying that the operators had agreed
been consulted in regard to the settlement terms
The operators denial aimed specifically at statement
contained Mr. Wilson's identical letter to the three commissions
he has selected Henry Robinson Pasadena, Ca
snting pub John P White representing the miners and Rem
brandt Pa of Pennsylvania representing the operators that
operators well miners had agreed and adopted the
governments proposal
Amazing Reputation Says Palmer
1t Immediately by statement from Attorney Gen.
declaring would be amazing reputation of
statements if the operators failed the
settlement plan.
presidents and the statements from the
the attorney general which its heels fol-
between Mr. Palmer and representa-
and also meeting of the operators
executive committee.
word from either side to the nature of
these discussions although apparent that the
presidents momentary expected at the
Later developments said in quarters
Palmer had been endeavorng to induce the
tors fully in the governments plans.
Wilson Says Operators Agreed
In his letter to Robinson the president reviewed the coal
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1919-12-21
SOVIET ARK TO PUT TO SEA
With MORE Than ZOO REDS
WITHOUT KNOWING ITS PORT
Sails Under Secret Orders This Morning; Trains
Rushing Handcuffed Radicals to Ellis Island
for Trip; Loaded With Immense Savings.

New York, Dec. 20.-Sailing under
sealed orders, the army transport Bu-
ford, the Soviet Ark which will carry
back to soviet Russia Emma Goldman,
Alexander Berkman and more than 200
other radicals, will leave here early
Sunday A thick veil Of official secrecy
was thrown about the preparations for
departure and all passes to the Brooklyn
pier where the ship is docked were
cancelled
The Buford. which prior to 1898. when
she was purchased for use as a trans
port, was the British steamer Mississ-
ippi. has been stocked with provisions
sufficient to last 800 persons 60 days.
The destination of the ship is not known,
even to the captain His sailing orders
will be handed to him. sealed, to be open
ed "A hours away from port
Many Guards to Keep Peace.
The normal crew Of 125 men. including
officers. has been increased by enlisted
men and other precautions have been
taken to prevent trouble during the
voyage.
The Buford is slow ship and the time
it will take her to reach port where
her passengers can be disembarked is
probematical.
Nearly $50 reds were at Ellis Island.
tonight, awaiting deportation. The
number was increased by the arrival of
handcuffed and we'll guarded delegations
totalling about 80 from Pittsburgh.
Philadelphia. the Cleveland district and
Hartford
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1919-12-21

Three women were among them-Miss
Goldman, Dora Lipkin and Ethel Bern
stein. The last two, who are in their
early tWenties, were arrested in No
vember in raid on Russian soviet
headquarters in New York.
Today's arrivals all were well pro-
vided with American money and clothing
TO withstand a rigorous winter in Rus
sia. Many wore two suits.
Group Has 100000.
The cash resources of the party from
Pittsburgh alone were estimated at
100000.
Many Of them acted like real eapi-
talists in saving high wages in steel mills
and mines. TWenty-six former steel
workers from Youngstown had total
Of $4,000.
Many persons considered among the
most dangerous of those charged Wth
plotting to overthrow the United States
government will be guests Of this gov
ernment for the cruise, despite their
professions of willingness to pay their
own way. Alexander Berkman and En-
ma Goldman's names are the most no.
table on the passenger list
At least three mystery trains are
bringing additional radicals here from
various parts Of the country.
The movement Of the trains is being
kept secret and even the authorities are
in the dark as 70 just when the 'red
flag specials" will arrive
There are $50 more disturbers in jails
scattered about the country awaiting
transportation to New York and then to
Europe, it was said.
Great Falls daily tribune. [volume] (Great Falls, Mont.) 1895-1921, 1919-12-21
Senate Votes Extension
Of Martens Quiz to En-
brace All Soviet Propa-
ganda Activities.
Borah Charges Millions
Are Being Expended in
This Country in Sinister
Purposes.

Washington, Dec. 20.-Investigation
by the foreign relations committee into
the activities of Russian propagandists
IN TINS country was ordered Saturday BY
the senate, which adopted a resolution
by Senator Kenyon, republican of Iowa,
providing for such an inquiry
AS originally drawn and earlier in the
day reported favorably to the senate,
the resolution limited the investigation
to the activities Of Ludwig c. A. K. Mar
tens, self-styled ambassador to this
country from the Russian soviet gov
ernment. The senate, however. by a
vote of 81 to -, adopted an amendment
BY Senator Borah, republican, Idaho.
extending the resolution to include "atl
facts relative to the activity of others
relating to Russian propaganda in this
country"
King Attacks Labor Department.
Senator King. democrat. Ital. de-
nounced Martens for his alleged propa-
ganda in this country and attacked the
labor department for failure to deal with
him. lie. said It seemed a though some
pei sonsf- in the labor department. were
more Inclined to protect Martens than
to enforce the law.
The Utah senator, as well as Senator's
Williams of Mississippi and Thomas of
Colorado. all democrats, opposed the
Borah amendment on the ground that il
granted too much latitude, contending
that the Investigation should be limited
to Martens.
Senator Borah replied that ne was
satisfied that others besides Martens
were carrying on propaganda quite
as vicious and quite as pernicious.
Martens Status to Be Barred.
Il know he continued. .'that millions
nf a}t hniy
informed correctly. that ..dght not TO be
in this country. without it he
ing known for what purpose 1t ,s being
Under the resolution the committee
was directed to investigate, as speedily
as possible, Martens status. if any
recognition had been accorded him by
this government, whether he was an
alien enemy and other facts relating to
his activities and his alleged diplomatic
His hearing vii! prob
ably begin early in January.