The Idaho Republican. [volume] (Blackfoot, Idaho) 1904-1932, 1919-06-10

Despite Steady Influx OF Slavs In
the lnterior-.city Bears Evidence
Of Early italian cuIture-very
Small Proportion Of the Population
Of the City 10 Hungarian.
Data in the records Of the National
Geographical society throw strong
| light on the places which figured, in
rival territorial claims Of Italy and
Jugo-Slavia. OF the city most hotly
disputed 1t is said: ;s
"Fiume is another Of those foot
holds on the eastern Adriatic where
Italians chung fast despite the steady
influx Of the Slavs In the interior and
even into Fiume itself. Thus the city
bears evidence Of early Italian cul-
ture. It figured as potent Slave
factor in the turmoil OF Balkan poll
tics and it felt strongly the influence
Of Hungary upon its thriving indus
tries and fast growing commerce. II
Trieste was the Bremen Of Austria,
Tiume was the Hamburg Of the Hun
garian kingdom.
Magyar gerrymandering caused it
to be annexed to Hungary in 1870 in
spite Of the protest Of Croatia. to
which 1t had belonged since the revo-
luton of 1848. Consideration for its
value as a seaport rather than for
its citizens prompted its establish
ment as a royal free town.
Despite the Hungarian interest in
the city its prewar population was 80
per cent Italian and Slav, with the
Italians slightly predominant. Only
about half the remaining tenth were
Hungarians. The Slavs included
Croats, Serbs and Slovenes. As i'm
portant to Hungary as is New York
or Boston to the United States,
Fumes total population is not much
greater than such suburbs Of those
American ports as East Orange, N. j.,
or Brockton, Mass.
Three Harbors At Fiume.
'sFiume Is situated on the northeast
shores of the Gulf Of Quarnero, only
20. miles by rail southeast Of its trade
rival. Trieste. Across the bay is the
popular summer resort, Abbazia,,
famed for its evergreen laurel and
PROPULSION Of roses, to which tens Of
thousands Of visitors formerly
thronged each summer. The older
town, distinctly italian, is built on
the hillside overlooking the gulf. The
newer city lies nearer the water trent.
There are three harb0rs. The largest,
accommodating $50 large vessels, is
protected by a breakwater half q
mile long. The quay Is two miles
long.
Before the war Fumes manufac-
turing plants included government
tobacco factory, the Whitehead tor
pedo works, a rice shelling factory. q
petroleum factory and many smaller
plants, among which were sawmills
and paper mills. Its fisheries consti-
tuted an important industry. It ex-
ported sugar, grain, -four, horses and
timber.
Originating in Roman times, Fiume
was destroyed by Charlemagne in 100.
The Franks ruled It for consider
able period. Then 1t passed to feu-
dial lords until Emperor Frederick III. |
made 1t a. part of Austria. This en-
peror. who as an archduke Of Aus
tria was Frederick v, was the son
of Ernest, the man Of iron,' and
Cymburga, Polish woman from |
whom the Hapsburgs are thought to
have inherited the protruding lip
which sometimes became a disfgure-
ment. His long and inconsequential
reign is recalled chiefly because he
puzzled photographers by leaving on
his books and pottery and having in
scribed on his tomb the initials "A.
e. I. 0. o. The most generally &C.
cepted explanation is that the initials
stood for the Latin. Austria Est I'm
perari Orbi Universe meaning, All
The earth is subject to AUSTRIA This
was a promissory note Of future Aus
trian greatness which Frederick did
little to realize.
Proclaimed a Free Port.
"Charles vi. proclaimed Fiume a
rec port. Maria Theresa first united
t with Hungary. Successfully occu-
)ied by the French and British, 1t
'everted to Austria and later was re-
'tored to Hungary before it was added
o Croatia.
"Small wonder that Dalmatia should
'orm one Of the most sharply con-
ested regions in the rival Italian and
Iugo-Slav claims for this strip of
ea coast landsfor eight centuries has
'een swept by continuous racial tenn
tests. With an area about equal TO /
Dalmatia is so elongated
hat nowhere is it more than 35 miles
vide and it tapers down to a mile at
JattarO.
with climate of extreme tempera-
ures, hot and dry when the sirocco
weeps over 1t and cold and wet when
he dread bora or wind of death
ONES from the sea, peasants find life
struggle. The land is not fertile,
ouch of IL ia not arabic at all The