davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

reducing these charges The surplu
Tor improving tine companys credi
anu property was obtained not onl
from moderate profits in the transpor
tdiion business, but by paying low
dividends on its stock for a long ser
les OF years, from selling its stock al
premiums, and from profits realized on
ais investments. This surplus was in
vested in the property for The improve
( Went OF the same for the public use.
Mnen legitimaiely il might all have
/ Decn disbursed in dividends TO the
stockholders.
II the Pennsylvania Railroad Com
pany after paying It's fair dividends,
rs not TO have surplus TO sustain the
credit and operations Of weak roads in
It's system, then several hundred miles
OF railroads must stop operations and
improvements. and communities must
suffer.
The Pennsylvania system represents
about6J per cent. of the whole track
mileage Of the county, about i3 per
cent. OF The ton mileage, 1875 per cent.
OF lhe passenger mileage, and its track
mileage is about One-half OF that OF
uleat Britain and Ireland. and it has
invested for public use Sl,SO00OO,O0O in
rs road and equipment approximately
one-tenlh Of the whole railroad invest
ment Of his country. II has been
opened for traffic sixty-seyen years.
and during that timc its management |
mas observed a sane and conservative |
financial and operating policy, and
dealt as generously with labor in /
wages and welfare funds to the ex-
cent The earnings permitted. have
lne honor Of having served the COM
pany with the exception Of a few
years, since 1874, and for over thirty
years have been closely associated with
he executive department familiar with 1
ne construction Of new lines and L
to serve the public and the
financing, upbuihing and cOmpacting
IF The system Therefore. I can speak
and indeed feelingly.
lbout the company's policy and ar
airs. so far as public regulation Is {
Concerned for the last ten years the {
company has not been allowed suf- s
lcient revenues 10 earn 6 per cent. on 7
ne cost OF IFS property and equipment I
Ncept in 1909 and 1916. Yet so far as s
ne management is concerned, long he q
ore there was any regulation OF the e
as we now understand it. the
ennsylvania Railroad Company did
ot distribute all Of its net income in :
but judiciously applied
ihsiantial portion to promoting help
y and upbuilding its feeders and con-
citing lines. TO eliminate grade cross
gs. and for other similar construction
'ms
L was not alone in this policy. 9th ~,
companies pursued the same course. =,
d they could be depended upon TO "
ntiuue such policies. under proper Nv
without Injustice TO the al a.
bile. Then why must Congress now W
oppose, as a culture national policy. TO VI
1flscaie Their so-called surplus earn -
IS and stop incentive. and on the "a "a
Ter hand fail 10 definitely order VI.
sonable rates that must produce w
r return upon which railroads can s,l m
e and make progress? III
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
Railroads and Excess Profits

tExtracts from speech by Samuel Rea
presiden. Of the Pennsylvania RaiIroa,
Company, before the Savings Banl
section Of the American Bankers As
sociaiion, at ST. Louis, on Wednesday
October 1, 1912
Ihere will be no incentive TO an,
carrier TO earn any money in excess
or lhe payment Of an ordinarydlvidend
not only because OF the c0nnscation of
| lhe so-ealled excess earnings. but the
! iurther provision that any surplus
earnings invested I'm the property can
not De capitalized or used as basis
Tor increased returns Both provisions
VI substance Will force all future ad-
dlllons, bettermenis and improvements
10 De provided from The issue and sale
OF securities. Such provisions would
terminate conservative hnancip.. as
under private ownership, the money
ior new improvements could be had
only from the sale OF bonds under
these conditions. and at higher inter
est rates to accord with the risk OF
Dad years II this system Is once es-
lablished for the railroads, 10 will in
Time be applied TO all public utility
companies at the outset and later 10
industrial and manufacturing concerns.
because their products are Just as es-
sential for the daily life Of the citizen
as railroad transportation.
! desire to emphasize the fact tha;
the conservative railroads which have
successfully wealhered the various
panlcs, industrial and financial. here
and In England. without wiping out
or reducing their dividends are those
railroads which used their surplus
over reasonable dividends to provide
additional facilities and equipment for
the puDllc use, instead Of selling stocks
or securities for that purpose
The Pennsylvania system is a fair
example. It's property cost and ma
ketaDie securities, not including hold
lhgs OF securities Of companies form
ing part OF the system, exceeds the
toial outstanding securities in The
hands OF The public 10 The eNlcnl Of
over S1OOO0OmO. lf the company in
stead Of following That practice had
distributed all IFS yearly surplus in
nlvdends, and had sold securities for
all additions and bettgrmcnls 10 its q
and equipment. % would now 1
require $3O,O00OOO per annum of addi- +
lonal net income 10 pay It's 6 per cent r.
ilVldends, or the companys stock p
would have been reduced iu. "a Z Dor n
'ent dividend, and It's bonds would Il
ave had 10 carry much higher rate s.
Il interest because of weaker credit jr
would have been impossible for ii III
o have sold lis stock on the market. IN
nd thai would have been TO The de- Ia
'lment Of the country and industry.
5 we'll as to the cOmpany's security ,r
0lders and owners. an
The companys surplus was not de- ga
Ned from excessive Transportation re
lafges. These charges have been pu
ale tally below those authorized by mr.
; charter. The freight charges es- co
.oially We're materially reduced from In,
e. beginning Of operation. about sew OFF
NY years ago. to within recent years re-,
I'd almost ruinous competition among fai
e various roads had a great effect in lv
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
IS Year Old Rheumatic
Throws Away His
Crutches

am now 70 years OF age. and foI
number Of years have suffered with
rheumatism, exzema and a severe itch
ing. was compelled TO walk on
crulches. obtained no relief until
Degan to take Number 40 For The
blood. Have taken eight bottles and
my rheumatism and the itching eczema
ls an gone. On Christmas Day laid
away my crutches and get around prel-
'y wei without them You have my
permission to use this letter to advertise
NUMBER 40. as feel that l have received
great benefit and will continue the
treatment. believing will receive
more and l wish to recommend it to
olier Ike sufferers to do as have done
ana try Number 40 and get relief. With
great pleasure I subscribe myself
ours very truly, Isaac Ludwig, Del
phos' ohio, March A.. 1917" Number
~ IS demanded in gouty conditions,
iinialnutrition, poisoning. auto-toxica-
lon, constipation, chronic rheumatism
ana caiarTh, liver complaint, and all
diseases arising from impure blood.
Made by J. c. Mendenhall, Evansville,
ma, 40 years a druggist Sold by Miller
rug Store. 40i-4O6 Market street
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

| utive, even. If he feels like doing so
But his action cannot commit the gov
ernment Of the United states 10 any
Thing TO which It doesn't want TO be
committed He merely takes part in q
! diplomatic initiative His decisions re-
main subject TO disapproyal and re-
yersal.
President Wilson made this point alb
solulely clear in his discussion Of the
meaning Of Article y with members of
the Senate Foreign Relations Commit
tee. lie told the committee That he as
President, was free TO exercise his iudg-
ment as TO whether the American rem
resentatves in the council had property
carried out Instructions from Washing
ton. IL was optional with him To an
prove or disapproye the decision in
which an agent Of the United States had
concurred. If he approved and sub
lhitted the recommendation TO Congress.
congress was also free ITO exercise its
Judgment as TO whether the insiruc-
tOns OF the executive TO our member
OF The council were well founded or
not"
The President thus admits the exist
Va ~ hNhhtt tlltiA bi all fOIlInli-
menls entered into by the representa-
Tive OF the United States in the conn
en-. What The advocates Of a reserya-
tlon TO Article Y have in mind is TO
serve notice on the other members OF
the league that this government does
not inirust any attributes of sovereignty
elther TO the council or TO our member
OF IL. They want to destroy the theory
OF automatic and final authority resld-
ing in any conclusions reached by the
council.
The Foreign Relations Committees
reservation does this. So does Mr.. Me-
Gumber's. So does that OF the mild
feserVationsis,' which the President
attacked in salt Lake City. None or |
these drafts would compel our agent in
lhe council to submit hypolhetical cases
10 Congress before he cast his vote
But an would reserve the right of tbo
president and Congress 10 review his
votes, All would leave the United
'tales unfettered by any moral obli-
'ation to defer to The recommendations
u the council, as though they were
landed down by some super-national
tribunal.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
Why Labor Unions With Their Excessive
Demands Are Going Down TO Defeat
IFrom lhe New York SUM-

the great national maiOrity-organize
wage earners, unorganized wage earn.
crs and all-had resolved that the pub.
lie should not be preyed upon by nat.
ural m0nOpOlies or unnatural monopo-
lies, the so-called trusts, organized to
/ bleed everybody else. When that great
majority awakened to what was hap
pening 10 it at the hands Of the unions
tit found it no more agreeable TO be de-
Vourcd by a minority of organized labor
than 10 be preyed upon by a minority
Of organized capital
The tide turned when it became clear
TO the American people that multiply
ing wages in this, that and the other
organized rank, with multiplying prices
everywhere. was stripping them not
merely Of the comforts they formerly
had enjoyed, but Of the very necessar-
les that sustained them. And so it Is
that such labor unions are not merely
losing public support, as Mr. Redheld
says: they have lost 10. So 10 is that
this public support has not been mere
ly Withdrawn from these union ex-
tPemists it is now turned against them.
That is why the Boston police strike
lalled-tne pubic was already done
with giving its support 10 war against
the public itself. That is why the steel
strike Will fail That is why, II, in
spite Of the handwriting on the wall
the leaders Of the coal miners walk out
as they threaten to do, the coal strike
Nill fail u is why, across the seas
where the public has been. made the
victim Just as it has here Of these in
and unappeasable raids upon
he public's pocketbook, the British
'ailway strike will fail.
To the English speaking peoples on
10Th sides Of the Atlantic there can be
10 liberation Of the principle much
ess the practice. that democracy shall
'e only for the benefit OF a special
whether il be clothed I'm the
aiment Of capital or equipped IN the
rmor Of unionism. That is the new
'sson Of Boston and ~ the steel fields.
VIII be the lesson Of the mining dis
'lcts' Of manufacturing districts and ~
theirs where the drive by a minority
at thevery broad and butter OF the
asst the overwhelming majority.
The time Of the special interest In
hateyer form is past; the turn OF all
le people has come around
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

In the 4. F. Of L. personal leadership
counts for much: 50 does politics. There
may be many more labor tussles. much
CONFUSION and casuistry and wrangling
before any definite break within the A.
/ +. Of L. takes place on the other hand.
u may come swiftly if an issue Of suf-
/ hcieni size is presented.
There can be an abundance OF sym
| pathy for these alien, un-Americanized
classes Of labor. Il is Americas fault
that they were admitted in such num-
Ders and that no adequate processes OF
Amerlcanization were organized. In the
future we must exert every effort 10
weld them into our America. Every
effort includes not only the tools Of
education and social life, but better and
better economic conditions. But in anv
issue OF revolution which they present
there can be but one sentiment. These
classes do not understand America they
cannot understand America for months
and years. In their ignorance they
would destroy the best hope Of Their
salvation. spiritual and economic. The
resolve to oppose them with every
weapon That patriotism can suggest
VIII be universal. Before such an al
tack the faults of America. many and
grave rs they arc, become irrelevant.
lhe attack is from within: but the
enemy IS as much an invading alien. the
inspiration Of the assault is as foreign,
as If armed troops were landing upon
our shores
We shall hope that reason Will pro
vail among these excited Reds quick 10
down American labor and clamoring for
change in the tongues Of Babel. But il
reason does not prevail America must
and shall.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

Whether the steel strike the Boston
police strike, or similar strikes have
set back the cause OF organized labor
five years, as Secretary Redneld says, or
lifty years. or forever, is mathematical
/ speculation. But IL is not speculation,
It is hard, cold fact. that the progress Of
labor unions at the cost Of The rest OF
the people has run into a stone wall.
Moreover, it is more likely that the
failure Of the Boston police strike was
effect, not cause. Similarly, the steel
strikers will lose because the tide al
ready had turned against ihem Not
The ilagrant deserii0n OF their duty by
the Boston police and not the uhreason-
able demands Of the steel strikers, but
the horse sense Of the American people
has settled this question of whether the
interests and desires Of special capital
organization or special labor organiza-
lions or special any other organization
shall be superior to the rights. the com
forts and the necessaries Of the whole
nation.
once upon a time-in the days when
labor unions We're few in numbers and
their membership was Ilmited-ihe
public good naturedly took il for
granted that if strongly organized.
well directed, carefully controlled body
Of wage earners could get a railroad or
a group OF railroads, a mill or group
Of milis-a whole industry to accept
under compulsiOn a wage scale fixed by |
he union leaders, whether it was fair
)r unfair, whether it was supportable =
)r insupportsble-ther was time. we
ay, when the public good naturedly
Ook the result as a mere victory over
he employers, or as a mere inroad upon
apitals returns, without anybody else
or being otherwise affected
IT interested.
But coal strikes came along and the
merican people found the heavy bill h
or it tackled up on their own coal bins.
lilk strikes came along and the Ameri-
an people found the cost stamped on
ne baby's milk bottles. Railroad
irikes came along and the American
eople found the financial damages by 4
nc hundreds OF millions Of dollars {
airing them in the face right on Their
Nn tables every time they sat down 10 ,
1T meal. Then the American people
new the grim truth y
Long before this national awakening (
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
SIX TO ONE.

There is no call for worry,
Whatever may arise,
We're told in gltt'ring phrases
BY one who is all wise.
No matter what the issue
We shall not be undone,
Though Britain should oppose us
And votes stand six to one.
There is no ground in logic
Or mathematics law,
We're told in words emphatic.
To think we see a flaw.
in matters superhuman
He says we've lust begun
To grasp The real equality
Expressed by six to one.
There is no cause for anger
Or apprehension. mol
We're told in soothing accents
And hence il must be 50
1ct somehow I'VE been thinking
Perhaps I'm wrong. my SON
Itat we might be oulyoied
With ballots six 10 one.
Wallace Whilclock IN No,
York sun.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

the Supreme League Of Nations who,
mat unique figure appears upon IN,
international scene to uplift and over.
awe humanity.
Mr.. Wilson has demonstrated 70 hi.
own satisfaction that the League of
Nations is greater than the senate
greater than the government-as great
as the cause af mankind
II naturally follows that the su-
preme President Of the league will no
greater than the mere head OF anv
SINGLE nation, and that. as the em.
Dodiment Of legal and moral" power;
OF a unique sort. he will take prece-
ocnce in the social world of dinlo-
macy Of all Presidents and Prime Min
lsters' to say nothing OF the few En-
perors and Kings who have survived
-Ae recent wiping out Of royalty.
II it should be necessary 10 find
lille for the President of the league
corresponding to the honorable or
Right honorable Of political life
WY not borrow the "All Highest' of
ne Germans, a designation which is
lot in use anywhere at present?
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
Editorial Opinion
"FACE TO FACE"


From the New York Herald.
When President Wilson spoke in
Portland, oregon, he began his addres.
by saying
Mr.. Irvine has very eloduenllv
stated exactly the errand upon
which I have come have come
TO confer face to face with van on
one Of the most solemn occasions
mat has ever confronted this ma
tion.
As a matter Of fact, at no time dur
I ing This tour Of eXpounding has ne con-
Ierred Face TO face" with fhe peOpIe.
lie has entered cities. smiled al crowds
taken Off his hat aud bowed. received
compliments and flowers. and done an
lhe talking himself This is the way
! ne reaches the conclusion that "a large
majority Of the people are with him
IL IS the same deceptive self-hypnoliza-
/ ti0n which characterized AR. Brvan's
wonderful tours through the country in
1896 and again i'm 1900 It is the same
sort Of self-adulation which took pos
session Of President Wilson when he
made his tour through Italy and
imagined he was hailed by the lhrongs
as modern prince OF peace, a popu-
lar savior Of the world. whereas he
only brought false hopes to The Italian
people and now finds himself "haied
and despised" by them.
lt may be well to call a witness from
the land where President Wilson made |
his face TO face" talks. The Seattle !
says:
frIarn a. tta,.gf,a.-
of confereniial nature in the
Presidents tour. He neither con
suits, confers. cOnfides nor com
munes. Save in the one instance in
Seattle, which he has refused 10
repeat, the President has listened 10
no one, taken counsel with no ono
and advised with no one With his
characteristic secrecy he has ro-
tired into himself on the plalform
and in parades he has been conven-
tionally, one might say profession
ally, gracious: but as far as his
having come TO confer face to face +
with you that we submit. in anv
other individual would be consid-
red a far-fetched figure Of speecb
II Is quite possible that he
thinks he is comforting face In =
face when he is only lechirine. =
quite possible that any meeting AZ !,
which he is present and does an ~ ~
the talking is 90 him a conference !"
that the utterance Of his ideas CON ~,
stitutes an exchange Of ideas a, q,
President Wilson's face 10 face ron NI
rences' evidently belong in the SAM Ir
'tegory with his "pitiless publicity" In
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
The Heart of Article K
lFrom ihe New York Trlbune.) }

The World processes not to under.
stand tho reservation to Article y (which
President Wilson denounced at sal
Lake City as cutting out the heart Of
the covenant" Nevertheless IL has
undertaken TO explain how the heart
cutting is accomplished.
The explanation is nnc-spun Our
neighbor says:
Article y subscribes 10 the prin-
ciple OF territorial integrity and
political Independence against ex-
ternal aggression and agrees 10 en-
force it up 10 the well known limi-
taliQns imposed on us by our Con-
sttution, which, il If true, are left
implied.
Article y amended as above re-
fuses to subscribe 10 such a prin-
ciple, even in theory, and leaves il
wholly TO successive Congresses
whether we shall in each case dis
approve, ignore or actually approve
or violations Of territorial integrity
and political independence by ex-
ternal aggression"
The World also argues that under
Article y the representative Of the
United states on the league council
could Join with The other members Of
that body in admonitlon, protest or con
demnation or other pressure short OF
boycott or war. with regard 10 any
nation which threatened TO violate the
territorial integrity or political inde-
pendence Of any other country. But IL
says, under Article \ as qualified the
representative OF the United states on
the council "would have to refrain
from sharing in any action whatever.
no matter how moderate, until and un-
icss he could secure an act or Joint
resolution OF Congress"
This subtle distinction is based on n
Of the functions of fbe
representative OF the United STATES in I
the council. lie is not an agent clothed /
WIN unlimited powers. as he would bo
II the league were what some of iis /
supporters still think 10 is-a super-
nation. lie is only an ambassador i'm an
council He is free lo al
'ach his name 10 any threat. remon-
'tranee or recommendation Of the conn
H. without awaiting Instructions from
-ohgress--without consulting the exec
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

The radical action shown in the Boston police strike
ana the radical leadership appearing in the steel strike
eSsfd secretary Redneld Of President Wilson's Cabinet
Seem to me to threaten the loss Of public conAdence IN
Fhe constructive and conservative nature of organized
abor and to cause the labor movement serious injury
las friend Of organized labor deeply regret what
ear VIII be injury TO its progress through radicalsm
e seems TO lose sight Of the fact that existing conditions
N me industrial field are the direct of the policy Of
she Wilson administration toward the radical and nrea
sonabe elements in organized labor
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

Wilmington viii give hearty welcome 10 the delegates
"ho come here on November 10 attend the eghtysixh
annual session of the Grand Lodge Independent order of
ooo Fellows That will be attended largely goes with
'a' saying. II also Is assured that the sessions viii be
poh interesting and beneficial only TO members Of
the fraternity but also to the commonwealth at Largo in
which the order has held such honored place for SO
many years.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

II The six votes OF Great Britain in the league assem-
os really amount to only as Mr. Wilson would have
ms audiences believe. why did Mr. Lloyd George seek
me answer to that question is sufficient reply to
the Presidents ridiculous statement
Evening journal., 1919-10-02
RESUME WOnE nv ccUoo,

Brlcklayefs working on the Towe,
IN school have been granted wags
q 81 an hour, and work has been re-
sumcd on the school.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

The Want Ads give reliable informa-
ton on good bargains in real estate and
farms.
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

rived at" e-'S
Evening journal., 1919-10-02

Muscle is in the saddle.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-06-27
c1AR1NpA. IOWA NEWS.

Mrs. Robert Franklin had dinner
party in honor of Mrs. Fred Johnson Of
Sac City Sunday.
A very unique affair in the way Of an
entertainment was given Thursday eve
ming under the auspices of the A. NJ. +.
Sunday School 1t was grand sue
cess. Mrs. Maggie Manley was chair
man.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Fanon had a
dinner party in honor of Miss Jessie
Parker of Burlington, Sunday. Covers
were laid for seven.
Rev. NJ. G.. Sishuber, a returned chap
lain from overseas, will lecture at the
Second Baptist Church, Friday evening,
June %. While in the city is being
entertained at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs II. Fanire.
Mrs. Eliza Sullivan has returned to her
home after spending three weeks in the
home of Mrs. johnson of Gravity, Iowa
Quite few strangers was in the city
last week.