davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
The Soldier and His Job

Governor Edge, in his annual message
to the New Jersey Legislature, dwells at
length upon the need of providing the
returning soldier with employment. He
says it would be a disgrace if the soldier
should long remain unemployed, provided
he wants work. The Governors of other
states treat the subject in much the same
vein. The apposteness of the suggestion
admitted, natural question is: What
are the Governors doing to carry out in a
practical way the thing they advocate?
Governor Goodrich of Indiana is ready
with satisfactory answer. He says
that last fall the Indiana people held a
conference on reconstruction and read
Justment. 1t was non-partisan in char
acter and attended by the leading manu-
facturers, merchants, labor leaders, edu-
Gators and publicists. The following in
teresting things were ACCOMPLISHED:
Every soldiers military questionnaire was
carefully canvassed; the soldiers former
employer was asked if he would take the
returning soldier back into his employ;
also, he was asked if there was room for
another soldier empoye; former employ
ers were asked to give discharged en-
ploye another chance, on the theory that
possibly army discipline had wrought i'm
provement in the man; manufacturers
were asked about impending shifts from
munltion making to peace time indus
trialisnn.
This statewide canvass, conducted with
the aid Of the conscription agents Of the
Federal government, met with results
regarded as gratifying by the people of
indiana. In districts outside of distnc-
lively large manufacturing neighborhoods
80 per cent of the replies were that the
soldiers would have their old Jobs back if
they desired them. In the mill towns 95
per cent of the replies said that the old
jobs were awaiting the returning soldiers.
The per cent Of unfavorable replies
came from non-essential industries put
out Of business by the war, the former
employers not being able to give an en-
couraging answer.
"As result of the statewide can
vass," says Governor Goodrich, "therc is
no such thing in Indiana as the return
ing soldier problem. The soldier goes
back to his old job if he wants to-"
1T might be we'll for the Governors of
other states, who seem to be mentally
shlvering over the vision of an unem-
ployed soldier, to make use of the Indiana
idea and discover just how much of a
problem they have
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
The League of Five

The rules of procedure for the peace
conference disclose a concert of nations
in working order. 1t is a league CO
nations regulating the concerns of the
world. Is it projected image Of that
league of nations which is to emerge
from the peace compact?
In the de facto association there is a
grouping of nations according to rank
ings established by the war.
In the first group are the United
States, Great Britain, France, Italy and
Japan. They have general interests. :"
They are world powers.
Next comes the belligerent group with
"particular interests" 1t embraces the
minor Allied belligerents, including the
new states of Hedjaz, Poland and Czecho-
Slovakia.
In the third group are nations which
broke off diplomatic relations with the
enemy.
Russia's status is unsettled. Germany
Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey
are excluded, as are all the neutral
states.
If any league of nations is to issue
from the deliberations of the congress
it will, therefore, be league established
by the Allied peoples. 1t will have to
be adhered to by the neutral and enemy
states without collaboration on their part,
unless Article TX, the text of which is
withheld, provides for consultation with
representatives of the neutrals. 1t will
be logical development of associations
cemented by the war, not an abstract
scheme of union which treats all coun-
tries-ally, enemy and neutral-on
parity.
The world control assumed by the
peace conference may be described as
balance of power" exercised by the
five leading Allied nations 1t may be
described as a league of those nations
which have fought and won the battle
of freedom and civilization 1t may be
described as league of all nations, with
gradations among the various groups.
But it remains what it is-a union of
power to enforce peace and justice in
the world. 1t doesn't matter what name
is given to it. The main thing is to
make it work
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

such a convention might open the way for a
tdal wave OF changes. But it was pre-
cisely in order to deal with tidal waves that
the founders inserted this machinery. The
wave is here; is cresting itself in tower
ing. mountainous bulk. If we can sluicc
that wave INTO channels of constitutional
progress quite SO per cent of the danoer
viii have been drawn. The daneerous thine
is when heapedup mass of maladiustment
sees no vent for itself in civil processes
When such mass has been persuaded 10
take the lawfully ordained path it is no
longer menace to civilization, but becomes
the educator of the multitude in political
science.
Our present Constitution was never in
tended for fabric such as the America of
To-day 1T was drawn up in stage coach
uavs Tor stage coach type of life. Even
lhough authorized to do so by the Con-
stltutlon, difficulties of communication nre-
vented the central government from ;r+o,-
lerlng with the local units Furthermore
'he nation then was small-a frinre Of
states along the Atlantic seaboard. inhah
ited by a fairly homogeneous population.
NOW we are ten times that size and a hum
dred times more heterogeneous. And swift
communication has put the csntral power
within hourly touch with every community
anl every human atom therein
o suppose that so widely divergent COM
munities, separated by a worlds diameter.
hvlng under contrasting climates and diff
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

lopes OF all government employees to help
them meet the increased cost of living
At the same time the Central Federated
Union indorsed an appeal from Secre-
tary Frank Morrison of the national
body urging labor's support for the at
tempt of the brotherhood of Electrical
Workers to organize national telephone
girls union. Secretary Morrison at
tackled as industrial Kaiserism" the al
legged efforts of the Postofice officials to
prevent such organization.
Organized unions among government
employees mean-by all the signs of ex-
perience in Europe-two things-two
dangerous things. They mean the inter
vention of public servants in politics,
and they mean the conflict between the
police power of the state and the civil
servants of the state when issues of
hours or wages lead to strike. We
have frowned on the first. France has
had its bitter experience of the second
The dilemma is obvious. 1t is either
domination of government by part OF
labor for its own particular ends-ends
not necessarily shared by the rest of
labor-or domination of "a part of labor
by the government, tempered by any
penchant government may have for in
telligent and sympathetic action on it's
own initiative. The first alternative is
repugnant. The second is dangerous.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
The Milling Wheat Shortage

A very curious situation has arisen in
some Western states-and especially in
the Southwestern. In the face of the
splendid harvests this year there is an
actual shortage of wheat for the mills
to grind. This appears to be due large
ly to the millers themselves. Possibly
through fright at the clamor raised over
the governments guarantee of a base
price for wheat and the considerable
surplus that seemed in sight, the milers
failed to make their usual purchases.
The result was that the governments
grain corporation was compelled to take
the very large offerings from the
farmers, who also seem to have been i'm
PEELED to sell by fear lest the govern
ments contract be repudiated
The effect is that in many states mill
ing wheat has been selling at a premium
OF from 10 to 80 cents over the price
guaranteed by the government, that is,
around $3.50 a bushel The situation
mas become so acute that it is now stated
'he grain corporation will reverse it's
established policy and resell to the
miilers at a premium of II cents
ooshei TO meet the storage, interest and
, insurance charges that the millers them
serves would otherwise have had to nav.
MS Is TO prevent cash wheat from soar
ing 10 some such figure as So or more.
as IL reached in 1917, before the govern
ment stepped in.
IL is an extraordinary lesson in the
role that mere distribution has come To
pay an this worlds affairs. There are
notable examples of this same anoma-
ious situation all over the world. The
wheat crops in many parts of Russia are
reported as unusually good Yet all the
horrors Of famine appear to exist in
resrograd and other Russian cities.
ihere IS, we know, a considerable, though
Mucn exaggerated, surplus of wheat in
australia and also in the Argentine. some
OF which has been rotting for two or
tnree years simply fer lack of ships.
Even Norway, seafaging country. has
nad 10 declare meatless days. In the
Argentine there has been almost popu-
lar uprising owing, in part, to the un-
satisfactory condition of the markets
there; and similar uprisings are threat
cncd in Europe for opposite reasons In
one place it is an excess, in the other a
scarcity.
20 the wheat scarcity in the South
vest merely reflects worldwide dis
turbance. Even in England, which has
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

ca, a spirit that meets challenge. a spirit
that wants 10 help Combine those two
things and you have the essence of Ameri-
canism. Combine the spirit of TIE Wash
inGton Monument. that rears I'D in Wash
inston like great arm thrust un out CT
the soil as eternal pledge that this land
viii always be independent and free, with
the act that is going on o-night in Paris,
where the President of this country your
President and my President called there
by duty, out OF his knowledge Of what war
can do and has done. out of sense Of its
futility, out of a sense Of its barbarity.
out OF d hope that is not all q dream that
better day may be brought about has
challenged the intelligence of Europe TO
devise machinery by which this lasting
curse may be at least mnimized | say to
you, visualize the man at the council table
struggling for mankind to devise a way by
which men can live happily together, and
the boy in khaki who calamity went before
the rifle bullet and fel in the Argonne
Forest. and you win have picture in your
mind Of the Americanism that you repre-
sent spirit that is worthy of the tradt-
ton end history Of our country
How to bring it about? Through
the community council and through the
school. making an appeal to Congress
for an appropriation to liherate from
bondage. if you please, thousands and tens
OF thousands of children and men and
women in the United States to show them
all the beauties of the worlds literature
and give them a knowledge of the things
that come through the printed word. Con-
gress will be asked TO help and all the
states will be asked to cooperate to kill
iliteracy in the United States, whether it
is among the children or among the grown
ups. and want you to help.
We want to interpret America in terms
of fairness, of fair play, of the square deal
We want to interpret America in healthier
babies that have enough milk to drink We
want to interpret America in boys and girls
that can read and in men and women that
can read in better housing conditions and
wages, and hours that will give an oppor-
tunity TO man to know his family and
live and support them like a man without
apology.
This word that | am speaking to YOU is
word OF hope, this word Anne ricanism is
a word OF hope for US. for Europe for
Asia; it is a spirit of the Declaration of
Independence, social and economic. and
ask you to help us.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
V/hot Il Meor1s TO Be
An American
Fom the Americon ton Address Of Secretary Loue)

ROM me 1AfVGTlCUN. III IiOf2
rENHERE is sentimentality which would
make it appear that in some mllen-
MIA day man will not work If some
such calamity should come, then man viii
fall. The day of his loss will be crime
Gods first and greatest git to man was
the obligation cast uron him to work when
he was driven out Of the Garden Of Eden
1t the finest thing. the most splendid
thing, that happened, because when he
passed the gate he met a world in chaos
world that challenged every whim of his
imagination world that beckoned to him.
drew him on and said
"lf you are a man of intelligence, if you
are a man Of purpose, then | will bend be-
fore you. defy you if you are man
without intelligence and without fibre"
And the progress of civilization the
thing that love, is the progress Of man
rs a working man. and that is the reason
why that man must be held high always.
We have nothing that does not represent
struggle. We have nothing that does not
represent work. We have nothing that
does not represent courage. We have moth
ing that does not represent sacrifice, and
we nave no philosophy excepting The phi
losophy of hope and faith in ourselves and
the righteousness Of this contest that we
making against Nature. We are to
conquer this land and in our spirit we are
to conquer other lands, because our spirit
is one that is like a living fame that goes
abroad. 1t is like some soft, sweet wind
that carries a perfume across the Pacific
and the Atlantic and we must keen in mind
that thing that Americanism is. the robust
and rugged and hearty and strong men who
win out against all adversity That is what
made us great. That does not conflict with
the gentle, sweet, kind and Just side of
our nature.
The one peculiar quality in our institu-
ton, is that we have not alone in our hearts,
but out of our hearts, given a means
by which man can acquire justice by him
self. That is the reason Russian and Ar
menian friends, that it is haven to you.
Bring your art and music. bring all your
arts, and tone up our civilization. We hold
out our hand to you. We want YOU with
and want you to love America as
we love it, because it serves the world
Our boys went across the water and let
US not for one moment hesitate to speak
their glorious names in pride. Our boys
went across the water because they were
filled with the spirit that has made Amer
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

ferent life conditions. VIII submit to
regime that seeks to compress them into an
asphalt uniformity is to suppose that the
American people are become slaves.
Authority for such programme OF com
preston is amply existent When Pelatiah
Webster. of the Constitutional Convention
Of 1871. invented a Federal government op-
erative on individuals he invented not a re-
pubic bat an empire. John Marshall, in the
celebrated case Of Cohens vs. Virginia said
it orotuudly. "The United States OF America
is an empire"
Our Const tuition establishes the most
highly centralized fabric of government on
the face Of al the earth. The mischief be-
gins in the frs sentence, I'VE, the people,"
instead of th;t wiser wording in the Ar
ticles of Confederation, "We, the states"
So long as this power OF empire was not put
into practice we could get along. Now, how
ever, that the Capitalization of government
is being taken sericuslN and put to use, we
hear the grinding of an impcrialist machine
That will crush the individual into pulp
BOUCK WHITE
New York. Jan. is, 1919
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
The Feeling in Italy

In a way, the reorganization of the
Orlando government, as announced in
Mondays dispatches, may be considered
as the answer Of the Italian government
and people to the challenge uttered bv
Dr.. Vesnitch, the Serbian Minister at
Paris. AS will be remembered. Dr.
Vesnitch's declaration that the Jugo
Slavs would fight to the finish" for the
possession of Eastern Adriatic districts
claimed by Italy called forth violent
outburst of natonalistic sentiment in
Italy. If the Moderate leaders, Bjsso-
lati and Nitti, meant by their resignation
from the Cabinet to challenge Orlnndo
and Sonnino, or if they counted on GEN
eral war WEAKNESS and desire for the
quick consolidation of peace, even at the
price OF concessions to the Jugo-S Slavs
they miscalculated popular feeling. It
was war of Italian people, not that of
the government; and the Italian people
seem determined to follow up to it's
logical end the tremendous victory won
by its army, scorning compromise and
concessions.
With the retirement of the moderate
wavering element from the government
and the appointment to the Cabinet of
the idolized General Caviglia, the hero
OF Vlttorio Veneto, and of Signor String
her, leader Of Italian finances and an
exponent of nationalist extremism. the
ascendency of Baron Sonnino, for the
moment at least, seems assured. The in
cluson of Salvatore Barzilai, the leader
of the lrredentist movement. himself q
native Of Trieste, in the peace delega-
ton, together with Salandra. the Pre-
mier, who started the war on AUSTRIA
and General Diaz, who finished it with
death blow to the tottering Hapsburp
empire, seems to point in the same di
rectlon. There are signs that Great
Britain and France would favor com
promise with the Jugo-Slavs on the oues
ton of Fiume and Dalmatia. Short Of
sudden reversal of popular feeling, the
Orlando government would, in all likeli-
hood, face serious situation at home
should it fail at the peace table to carry
in full the demands of Italian nations
alism.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
Put Mann Aside

Two years ago The TRIBUNE opposed
James r. Mann's candidacy for the
Speakership. 1t thought him unfit for
the office then. 1t thinks him even more
unfit now.
Mr. Mann created Fictitious reputa-
ton in the House. He was industrious.
tie mastered the rules Of that BODY.
which have always remained a dark
mystery to most of its members. He
devoted himself with extraordinary dill
gence to the routine of legislation. Most
OF his colleagues looked up to him be-
cause he knew vastly more than they did
about House business.
AS parliamentarian and a watch-
dog against small extravagances the H.
lnols member made his mark. But when
big issues came along to test his breadth
OF mind and his grip on realities, he
fizzled out. He was against military
preparedness when military prepared
ness would have counted most He was
"little navy" man. He opposed the
reorganization of our antiquated army.
Mr.. Mann is survivor from the Can
nonistic regime. He belongs to the past.
He is not the sort Of leader the Republi-
can party of to-day can afford to tie to.
He has lost his usefulness.
1t is just as imperative now that he
should be set aside as it was decade ago
that the power of Cannonsm should be
broken.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
TIC the Editor of The Tribune.
New York, Jan. is, 1919.

TIC the Editor of The Tribune
Sir: l have this to suggest, now that the
prohibition amendment has been adopted: 1t
now requires that the press of the country
should advise all 10 give adherence to the
change. The following are my reasons:
l. There are hundreds of thousands of
total abstainers in the United States, which
is incontestabe proof that Intoxicating
liquors as beverage are not good, for
those who abstain as well as these who
drink moderately are far better off than
those who do not drink moderately
2 The drinking of Intoxicating liquors is
a custom of society The liquor traffic has
only that as foundation for its existence.
IN those states and counties where they
have had prohibition for years there is
proof that 1t is custom of society that
can be dispensed with without harm.
D. All disorderly conduct, rowdysm and
drunkenness proceed from this custom Of
social drinking. Do away with the custom
OF social drinking and you do away with
the source of the evil that has brought the
constitutional amendment about
4. Several states have in the past tried
10 regulate the traffic by directing the
method of sales by prescribing who shall
and who shall not sell, which regulation is
only partial. regulation that would be
effective, 1t seems, would regulate the out
put and have breweries and distileres in
accordance with the population
we'll remember the days of Horace
Greeley, the founder of The Tribune. and
that he was strong advocate OF total
abstinence. Another thing remember is
when the Thirteenth and Fourteenth amend
ments to the Constitution were adopted
the Democratic National Convention in
1868, in its platform, declared those amend
ments "to be unconstitutional, revolutionary
and void" OSCAR JEFFERY
Washington, n. j., Jan. H. 1919
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

The civilian census is incomplete
without mentioning a Gob's friend-a
man who says he'd have enlisted long
ago if the army had Ssme department of
warfare sufficiently dangerous to make
it interesting to him\"I suggest" sup-
gests Cob, "a corps for the circula-
tion among soldiers and sailors of pe-
titlon for changing the name of Wash
ington Monument to Hearst Monument. >"
A day devoid of cocktails and whis
key we envisage tearlessy. But the
image OF hard sauce without suspicion
of Something in it causes the lower lin
to culver.
Prohibition may work a hardship on
the doctors who specialize in cirrhosis
of the liver too.
Commercial Candor on Broadway.
Extra Ordinary Shoes, 1896"
You may talk o gin an beer''-
But that's about all.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Press exclusively entitled to the
republication all dispatches credited TO 1t
otherwise credited this paper and also the local
OF spontaneous origin published herein.
All rights republication OF ali other matter herein
also reserved
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

.ou purchase merchandise advertised In IHs
TRIBUNE With absolute safefy-'or II dissatisfaction re-
In any case The TRIBUNE guarantees to your
money back request. No red tape No duino''ng'
We make good promptly II tho advertiser does not
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
The Coming Tower
A Number Sonnet

Reading the papers that made life so
unbeorGble before the vat' and finding
them back at their old tricks unrebuked
euen By d sense of hum0r not to say of
shame, I am moued to this experiment
IN the old Hebreao uerse- form, which
Moulton calls the Number Sonnet:
There be five apologies one rarely
hears;
Yea, six that practically never are
heard:
The expressed regret of man who
fought against preparedness;
The confessed slander of those who
accused all preparationists of being
munitionmakers or their hirelings;
The heart-broken remorse of one who
realizes that our delay cost millions
of lives and billions Of treasure;
The loud Peccavis of those who de-
nounced the advocates of war
against Germany as lovers Of gore;
The public ccntrition for Pharisaic
pretence of being better than other
men because one advocates an i'm
possible perfection;
The blush of seaf-contempt for re-
newing after the war the same old
fallaces the war itself so bloodily
disproved.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

1t strikes one who first heard 'The
Gondoliers' last week that at least two
songs dear to the auditors youth were
taken from "The Duke of Plaza Toro'-
"Christopher Coumbo" and "The Blow
Almost Killed Father"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

To the 35,OOO,0OO civilians about to
be commissioned on Nov. 8, T. S. c.. adds
the 100000 returned warriors who
went into front line positions on Nov. 10.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21
RUPERT HUGHES.

The ranking habit, in literature, al
ways has irritated this department.
What the best novel ever written is we
do not know nor does anybody else
But when the literary hoe stove league
gathers and fans about the wars best
poem, our still choice is A. A. Mines
"From Full Heart one with the
lines:
When the is over and we've done the
Belgians proud,
I'm going to keep chrysalis and read to
it aloud.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

Uncensored advices from France are
to the effect that Macmillan Foster is a
slave to the map habit; and chat every
= night he may be seen at Press Head
quarters fitting from map to map, or,
as Sgt. A. Woollcott puts it, going over
the topography"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-21

There have been many complaints
against the Army Postal Service most
of them justified. But some of the bit
terest complainers may have been care
less themselves. Last night Old Don
Marquis gave us a letter he FORGOT to
mail to u. It was dated May 23, 1918
1t was a darned good ettcr.