davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Says British Longed to
Hear sAmericans Coming
Minister of Education Expresses
Profound Debt of England
TO United States

LONDON. Jan. 19.-Vicc Admiral
William S. Sims and Herbert A. l..
Fisher, Minister of Education. were
among the guests at a dinner, given
to-day in connection with the Ameri-
can University Union in London
Mr.. Fisher said that, speaking as a
member of the British government. he
would like to express the profound
debt which the government and the
British people felt they owed TO the
United States for the part that country
had taken in the war. There had been
very anxious times last spring, but
there was not a single moment of the
darkest days when there was a mem
Der of the government who was not
confident that the Allies would come
through successfully. They waited
longingly, however, for the words
Americans arc coming
One morning. MIR. Fisher continued.
he heard the Prime Minister saw in a
quiet voice to the shipping controller:
II have got more ships than men to
man thcm." Then. added Mr.. Fisher,
II knew it was nll right"
Cheering greeted the words OF Mr..
Fisher.
Vice Admiral Sims in Il brief speech
said he hestated about telling the
truth, because telling the truth got him
into more trouble than anything else.
The average American, he added WA
all right, and If not he did NOT havs
to be told about it.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Federation Of Free Arab
States To Be Proposed
To the Peace Delegates

PARIS, Jan. 19.-Prince Feisal. son
of the King of the Hedjas, in Arabia, is
in Paris awaiting instructions from his
father concerning the appointment Of
two delegates to represent the Hedjas
kingdom at the peace conference.
Colonel Lawrence, who accompanies
the young prince as aid, expects
Feisal himself will be chosen as the
first delegate of the Kingdom of the
Hedjas, to give greater weight to the
important propositions to be submitted
to the peace conference.
This proposal will consist of the for
nation of great federation Of all the
Arab states, from the Red Sea to the
Persian Gulf, free from any Turkish
domination and under the protection of
the United States.
THE Arabs of this most ancient
race" said Prince Feisal, using Colonel
Lawrence as interpreter, "desire to be-
come the youngest independent state
in Asia and they appeal to America as
the most powerful protector Of the
freedom of man"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
No Menace inJJ. S.
Sea Trade, Asserts
London 'Observer'
Removal of Wartime Re-
strictions Is Hailed as
Herald of New Prosper
ity for Both Nations

LONDON, Jan. 19.-"The Sunday OBJ
server" in an article on the future mer-
camille marine, says:
The fact that the miracle of mer~
chant navy in the war was wrough.
under government control has led Ger
tain persons to insist that this control
should be continued and extended until
at last it would be converted into tn.
complete naturalization of the ship
ping industry. That, we are persuaded,
is false policy.
The whole history of seagoing, from
the Ph9nician traders to now. is the
history of private enterprise, the his
tory OF great risks taken for great re-
wards. Government aid in the shape
OF subsidies nowhere has succeeded in
building mercantile marine on sound
lines where there has not been a ma
tional bent toward maritime enter
prise.
None of the arguments, whatever
weight we attach to them, in favor of
the naturalization of railways or
mines IS really applicable to shipping
'freedom of the seas implies that
ii,"'N NluudIn OF DOdy OF individuals
who can acquire hulls and engines and
find men to work for them should be
as free to use the seas as governments
or nations, always provided that the
equal rights of others are not inter
fered with. The freer the use th.
better for the nations
so we may welcome the news that
RESTRICTIONS on production and the
working of merchant shipping arc to
be removed soon and as far as posi-
pie and that private enterprise shall
be allowed to reassert itself in the
task of bringing food and the raw ma
terials Of industry to the country in
the largest quantities obtainable.''
Regarding American competition. the
article says: 1--WE see no reason ia,
either impatience or alarm. The ship
ping trade will follow in the future
the laws it has followed in the past
The United States is not a new com
petitor, and now we can find no reason
whatever for serious fear that Amer
lea VIII annoy another competitor.
with the elimination. for vcars tn
come, at any rate, of the mcrcantile
marines of Germany and Austria. and
the immense prospects of new trade
opened up by the delivery o. Palestine.
Syria and Nesopotama from the Turk
with East and Central Africa in a
state OF stable peace and ripe for de-
velopment, the world can absorb as
much tonnage as Great Britain and
America can put out and work between
them"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Wilson Will Nisi.
Fields Where Men
OF America Died
French People Vic With
One Another i'm Present.
ing Handsome Gifts to
President and Wife

PARIS, Jan. l9.--Ali arrangements
visits to the American battlelields and
to some OF the dcvH Hstated reg ons of
Northern France, but the time has not
been fixed. The visits will depend
wholly upon the procedure Of the peace
conference and the turn q affairs in
the meetings.
President Wilson probably VIII travel
by train, having army motor cars meet
him at different points for tour Of
the region surrounding the stopping
places.
1t now appears that the Presidents S
visit to Brussels will be deferred until
ne is ready to depart for home. One
plan under consideration is for Mr..
Wilson to leave Paris on special
train. which will carry the whole Pres
dontial party to the belgian capital.
From there the President will go direct
to Calais, without returning 20 Paris.
crossing the English Channel and sail
ing from some English port.
Receive Many Gifts
Pres dent and Mrs. Wilson came 20
Paris with very modest collection Of
tr INKS and personal baggage, but they
probably will be forced to take home q
carload. Both Mr.. and Mrs. Wilson
have received so many gifts in the
course Of their stay in Paris and their
visit to England and Italy that a large
quantity of them probably will have to
be taken to Washington on an army
transport.
Gifts of all kinds and of all values
began pouring in the day President
Wilson arrived, and they still are COM
ing in in never ending stream. They
come from all classes of people
Many of the presents are priceless.
but the President values most those
having sentimental appeal. These
have come rincipally from children.
not only IN France, but from all over
tente countries which have suffered by
the war;
President Wilson has directed that
every one should be formally acknow-
lodged. Sometimes, in response to a
particularly touching message accom-
panyng the gifts, he writes a personal
nowledgment. but the pressure on
his time is so great that he cannot do
so for all
Every Gift Preserved
Nevertheless, every gift, no matter
how insignificant, is carefully pre-
served Many of them undoubtedly will
find places in the White House, because
the President does not feel that they
were given to him wholly personally.
President Wilson remained at home
in the Murat mansion this morning.
He spent the forenoon resting or work
ing in his study.
BERNE, JAN. 19.-President Wilson
has sent from Paris telegram to the
Swiss President thanking the latter for
the message which Mr.. Wilson received
on returning to Paris from Italy. Mr..
Wilson says the confidence placed by
Switzerland in the sister republic be-
yond the ocean is particularly pleasing,
and adds:
"You can feel sure | shall always be
proud to represent the cause of justice
for Switzerland in every possible way
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Henderson i'm Berne
l. laying Plans for
l. a Dor Conference
Turmoil Makes Doubtful
German Envoys' Presence;
American Delegation to
Arrive in Paris Wednesday
By Chester NJ. Wright
NetD York Tribune
EurOpedN BurcnN


(Copyr!gs 1919. New York Tribune rnc)
LONDON. Jan. 19.-It was officially
announced at Labor party Headquarters
to-day that Arthur Henderson now is
in Berne Switzerland. where he will
meet Camille Huysmans, secretary Of
the Int irrational Socialist Bureau, and
Hjaimar Branting, head of the Swedish
Social-Democratic Labor party, for a
conference preliminary to the general
international Socialist and labor con-
gress which is expected to convene in
Berne January 27, with reprcs entatives
present from virtually all European
countries.
The chief uncertainty prevailing is
that concerning the attendance of dele
gates from Germany, since it seems
doubtful when the respective Socialist
factions now fighting each other in that
country will settle their differences.
The violent death of Karl Liebknecht
and Rosa Luxembourg is believed to
have further complicated the situation
So far as the American labor dele
cation. headed by Samuel Gompers. is
concerned, there has been no official
announcement Of its plans beyond the
statement that it will visit Paris on
Wednesday. The Americans plan to
confer in Paris with representatives
Of the Confederation Generate du Ira
vail General Confederation of Labor
Immediately on their arrival No def
mite course Of action is likely TO de-
velop until after the meeting.
To-day Charles Bowerman visited
the American delegation, bringing
word of the latest Developments in
connection with the plans for the
congress in Switzerland and making
arrangements for formal conference
between British and American labor
representatives. tomorrow.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
French Newspapers
Feature Wilson in
Peace Parley Comment

PARIS, Jan. 19.-The machinery of
the peace conference, set in motion
formally on the anniversary o. .hc
treaty Of Paris. called forth from the
Paris newspapers descriptive contrasts
OF the military character of the Prus-
sian victory with the democratic nature
displayed yesterday without formality
or military pomp.
President Poincare's dictum, "You
hold in your hands the freedom of
the world" seems to captvate all the
French journals, which print it in large
headlines, while President Wilson
seems to occupy the most important
personal role
In the ELUSIVE descriptions Of the
session President Poncares tribute to
the part played by the United States in
the war is given much display. "Le
Matin" sub neads its article "To Save
Civilization"
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20

confer regarding the formation Of a
new Germany. The government, in dis
cussing the question, was agreed that
everything must be done to carry out
the stipuations within the limitations
Of President Wilson's programme and
the delegation must decline demands
exceed ing that programme.
After giving the points as wired from
Paris, the dispatch says the delegation
Will have to support an immediate
mutual arrangement based upon JUS
tice for imports of raw materials and
foodstufs, and also strive to provide
for future economic rapprochement
with the nations on conditions as far
as possible equitable
The dispatch concludes by saying
that the attention of the German rep
resentatives has been drawn finally to
the establishment Of league of ma
tions in the spirit Of President Will
sons proposals, and also in connection
Herewith to the setting up of an in
ternational court of arbitration, be-
cause only by this means can state of
lasting peace be guaranteed.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
China Asks Return
OF Forfeited Lands

MARSEILLEs, Jan. 19.-The pro-
gramme which China will defend at the
Paris peace conference is outlined in
an article published in the echo de
Chine" and is OF great Importance for
the future Of the Chinese republic.
The principal question relates to the
repossession of the territory of Kiao-
chow and Tsing-tao the lease of Wei
hai-,wai, sthe Chinese Eastern Railway,
the revision OF custom taxes and tariffs.
the opening Of Mongolia and Tibet to
commerce, the restoration to China Of
the legal power formerly exercised by
foreign consuls, and many other points
concerning the integrity and sover-
eighty Of China.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Freedom OF Seas
Now a Dead Issue,
Says London Post
Doubts Peace Conference
Will Discuss 1t at All;
Lloyd George and Wilson
Believed i'm Full HARMONY
New fori; Tribune
lEnropeon Burea..
nnN.ishi- la1a As ~

F"ropedn Bured'.
- opy"sht 1919 New York Tribune Incl
LONDON. Jan. 1S.-The excitement
over the Paris Acheme for reporting
'he decisions of the peace conference
mas dled down, and the press has di-
rected its attention to the dispatch
Which states that President Wilson and
'he BRITISH delegates arc not willing TO
acquesce In the imposition of an in
demnity in addition to the bills which
france, Belgium and Serbia will pre-
sent Tor the destruction of property.
ne report appeared in "The Post"
and Immediately created considera
ole sensation, as the public rcmem-
'efs Lloyd Georges recent campaign
speeches, especially his Bristol utter
ance, when he said: 1--WE propose to
oemand the whole cost OF the war from
Germany"
That the British delegates arc work
ing IN close harmony with Presiden.
wilson becomes more apparent every
day
The Post" correspondent saws the
"N'i VI tnc seas Is no longer a hot
controversial subject. He ventures the
prophecy that the subject will not be \
mayer OF discussion at the conference
ith the arrival of Samuel Gompers
ana ms party, the international labor
SITUATION probably will become decid-
cay interesting. Little attention is
pald to the brief Paris dispatch stating
mat Arthur Henderson had dined witb
Premier Lloyd George and proceeded
later to Switzerland. That such bitter
poiltical opponents should meet at this
tlne IS an indication that the British
PREMIER is anxious to work in harmony
with labor. '''o"s
,, The ministerial labor representative.
ROBERT Barnes, is now in Paris. where
Mr. Henderson has been conferrinr
W With Camille Huysmans and Albert
! homas regarding the ARRANGEMENTS
Tor the international Socialist and
labor Union Congress.
Mr. Gompers arrived prepared TO
light any effort to mingle political afd
purely labor questions at the congress
but he is going to study conditions
nere before he commits himself to anv
definite programme '
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
''Cut 2hr0ats''
Was Kniser's
Word to Karl

Continued from page

court founded at the 1899 conference
incompetent to try the Emperor. as
the court was meant for cases where
no penalty was to be applied. They
argue that an entirely new Jurisdiction
must be created, which should be the
first instrument Of league of nations
and in which should appear exclusively
the states which fought Germany.
The two French jurists prove the OK.
tradition of the former German rulcr
cannot be refused, as he Is not 20.
ltical refugee. The report says:
1T rs anti-juridicial to assimilate war
with conspiracy. Crimes Of wsr are
crimes Of public law and international
law, not political crimes."
The authors of che report begin bv
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Ner Yoyl. Tribune
.~,ecio, EuhJn Co~,.;ce

'fptctHt AGOtC HeEC'C6
Copyright. 1919 New York Tribune Incl
PARlS, Jan. l8. =. When the peace
conference opened to-day in the So
called clock room Of the French For
eign Office on the Quai d'Orsay the
American delegation was shown the
special distinction which was anticipat-
ed' Not only in form. but in tangible
eHect, President Wilson and his views
were given precedence. He stood on
the right of President Poincare as the
latter delivered the address of vel
eohe 10 the de legates, he proposed
premier Clemenceau's election "a ner-
manent chairman, and, finally. five
minutes before the close of the meet
ing, M. Clemenceau announced. turning
and bowing to President Wilson, that
the first item on the agenda at the next
session of the conference would be a
proposal to form league Of nations
Mr.. Wilson bowed an acknowledges
mcnt of this consideration.
Then, after M. Clemenceau requested
'he delegates to submit papers on the
causes Of the war, the punishments
that should be inflicted upon the an
'hors and the penalties they should
be made to pay, and on international
labor legislation. the session was do
elared adjourned. The delegates rose
from theirs seats and gathered in var;.
Gus groups General conversation be-
gan, some of the groups moving
through three great arches toward "a
buffet in an adjoining room.
Press Minimized Event
Had this gathering taken place in
London or Washington the newspapers
Tor days in advance would have drawn
attention to it in such manner that
throngs would have crowded the streets
and probably cheered the respective
missions as they arrived. But the
Paris press for the last week has dealt
as literally with questions of minor
Importance as with the conference.
and so impersonal were its articles
that the list of names Of delegates
was totally ignored
1t was natural therefore that bn,
lew hundred people stood at the ootes
OF the splendid Foreign Office to see the
uelegates arrive in closed motor cars.
"A company of French soldiers within
'he gates formed the guard of honor
ana presented arms, but there was no
cheerlng and this public reception was
as little remarkable as the ceremony
within the council chamber was con-
splcuously simple The meetinp WAC
as ordinary as the monthly conference
OF savings banks directors.
American Retinue Imposing
ne American delegation was amonc
the first to arrive and was followed nv
'he largest retinue. Many secretaries,
heads of bureaus and personal at
taches followed the commissioners and
assembled behind them in one corner
Of the chamber.
/, was truly an open session 1t was
heid IN great oblong room with six
laiI windows looking out across the
muddy waters OF the flooded Seine into
the leafless trees of the Champs Elv-
sees At one end, over the noble fire
place, colossal marble figure of the
Goddess of Liberty looked down from
its pedestal, into the base OF which
IS set a splendid clock, giving it's name
to the salon the clock room. In front
of the clock. running almost the length
Of The room, Is an enormous green
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
6,OOO,O0O Ship Tons BuiIdina

LONDON. Jan. 10.-More than 5000
900 tons of shipping was under con-
structlon in the worlds shipbuilding
Yards on September so. 1918. accord
ing to reports received by Lloyds,
Register. The total is given as 2.144
vessels, aI with an aggregate tonnage of
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20

ments or secondary questions. but not
in the case eE-se bstantive proposals.
Section Petitions, memoranda,
observations Or documents forwarded
to the conference by any persons other
than plenipotentiaries must be received
and classified by the secrctariat. Such
of these communications as are just
political will be briefly summarized in
list to be distributed to all the pleni-
potentiaries. This list will be kept up
to date as analogous communications
are received. All such documents will
be deposited in the archives.
First aud Second Readings
Section l3~ The discussion of the
question 10 be decided will comprise
a first and second reading. The first
will consist of the general subject,
with the object of obtaining an agree
ment on matters of Importance. Sub
sequently there will be a second read
ing for a more detailed examination
Section Ia The plenipotentiaries
shall have the right, subject to the
agreement with the conference. to au-
NIT technical explanations or such
points as may be deemed, lawful.
If the conference thinks advisable,
the technical examinations of ary par
tlcular question may be intrusted to q
committee of technical delegates, whose
duty will be to report and suggest solu-
tons.
Section l5-Thc protocols drawn up
by the secretariat shall be printed and
distributed in proof to the delegates in
the shortest possible time. To cxpe-
oite the work by the conference the
communications thus made in advance
shall take the place of the reading Of
the protocols at the beginning of each
meeting. If no alteration is proposed
by the plenipotentiaries the text shall
be deemed approved and entered in the
archives
Must Be Read in Full
If any alteration is proposed its text
beginning of the following meeting
In any case. the protocol must be read
ont in full at the request Of any pleni-
potentiary.
Section 16-A committee shall be
formed for. drafting the resolutions
adopted This committee shall concern
itself only with questions which have
been decided It's sole duty shall be
TO draw up the text Of the decision
adopted and to present it for the ap-
proval of the conference.
1t shall be composed of five members
not forming part Of the plenipoten-
tiary delegates and composed of one
representative of the United States of
America, one of the British Empire
one of France, one of Italy and one of
Japan
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
7 urkish Liberals
Name Peace ENJOY

GENEVA, Jan. 19.-The congress Of
Turkish Liberals assembled in this city
has delegated Cherif Pacha to attend
the Paris peace conference and given
him full powers to act. He has been
instructed to present the rights and
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
German Peace Enjoys
Told TO Insist Upon
! Wilson'S Programme 6

LONDON, Jan. ia German wire
less dispatch received here to-day an
nouncing the formation of German
delegation to attend the peace confer
ence in Paris says the delegation will
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20

claims Of the Turkish people and also
to take up the question of food for
Turkey At the opening of the Turkish
congress kilograms We're dispatched to
President Wilson and Premiers Clemen.
ceau, LLoyd George and Orlando.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
q. S. Gains Thousands of
Citizens i'm Army Abroad
Naturalization Made Easy for
Aliens Under New General
Order
New YORK. Tribune
Special Cable Serrice
Copyright. 1919 New YcrS Tribune Ine)

Ner ! orr Tribune
Special Cable Serrice
Copyright. 1919 New YORK Tribune Inc,
CHAUMONT. Jan. 10. The United
States is gaining thousands of new
citizens who are taking advantage Of
their service IN the army to waive the
tedious process Of naturalization. It
takes about two minutes to make an
American citizen under General Army
Order No 151, recently promulgated
and made known to all foreigners serv-
ing in the army in France.
An example of Americas popularity
is shown in the case of one regiment
of the nth Division, in which fifty
soldiers of eight nationalities pledged
their allegiance TO Uncle Sam within
three weeks.
The filing out of blank and swear
ing faith with the right hand uplifted
makes up the simple ceremony.
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20
Drafting Of Protocols

Section 10 All documents intended
,or inclusion in the protocols must be
handed IN IN writing by the plenipo-
,entlarcs presenting them. No docu-
hlen' or proposition may be submitted
- his name
section IL Plenipotentiarie WISHING
70 make a proposal not connected wiz
me question on the agenda or not ar,s-
,nr from the discussion shall give mo-
zee OF the same twenty-four hours in
advance, IN order to facilitate the d;s.
'Asslohs. However, exceptions can he
made TO this rule in the case of amend
New-York tribune., 1919-01-20

establishing that no penalty is possible
against nation, any more than
against q company, but that the man
ager or director OF company can be
punished
kaiser's Responsibility Fixed
The Emperor in the first place" says
the report, as King of Prussia
is President Of the confeder ration by
virtue Of special law in which human
VIII does not enter The German SOW
ereign depends only on God and the
swold. With such conception of
power it would be unjurdical in the
highest degree to allow the Emperor to
escape responsibility for his action;
the decision belonged to him alone, his
responsibility for violation of Belgian
neutrality, which was willed by him;
responsibility for acts of terrorism by
his troops, which he willed and or
dered
Modern law" the report continues,
docs not recognize irresp sponsble au-
thorities, even at the summit of hier-
alchy. 1t brings a state down from
its pedestal and makes it submit to the
lue OF the Judge
There car, therefore. be no oues-
tlon Of saving from the Judge a man
VINO rs at the summit Of the hierarchy.
either by the application of internal
law or of international law.