davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
Norway Plays With Fire

OOME time ago Lenine asked the
- Norwegian Socialist party, with
which he was trying to estab-
llsh friendly relations, to send a
commission to Russia to study the
real conditions under Bolshevism.
Two lawyer members of the party.
Herr Puntervold and Herr Stang.
were chosen to carry out this in
vestlgation. On their return from
Russia they passed through Stock
holm, where they communicated
some of their impressions to the
Swedish Socialist organ "Social-
Demokraten." The Stockholm cor
respondent of "The London Times"
writes of his interview to his paper:
"They had been given every free
dom to pursue their studies, had inter
viewed most of the leading Bolshe-
visits, beginning with Lenine himself
whom they called Peter the Great of
bolshevist Russia, and Trotzky. who
is making Russia Socialist military
power. The latter boasted of having
created a large and well-trained armv
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

OF the railway communications. As an
instance Of this, M. Puntervold states
that of 1000 locomotives on the rail-
way lines he was told that over 4,5OO
were out Of use through disrepair.
When he asked a leading railway off,
clal why they were not attended to the
latter replied that the men were too
weakened by hunger to carry out such
fatlgulng work, and that it takes five
men to lift the weight that one could
raise easily before. You cannot he
SAID, get them to work even at light
jobs more than couple of hours
day 1t is a vicious circle; men are
starving because the locomotives are
out of repair, and the locomotives con-
tlnue out of repair because the work
men are starving.
This vicious circle is now met with
constantly in everything Russian ex
cept the vivid imagination of the Boil
shevist leaders, who continue to boast
that Bolshevism is conquerng the
world and that all the peoples before
long will be converted to its tenets and
Will impose them by force upon the
reacuonary governments
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
Suicide

But Rambousck capitalized his in.
huence on the Catholic and Czech wife
or the Austrian heir presumptive not
only in the economic, but also in the
political field Through his brother
Professor Rambousek, of Prague Uni
versity, he entered relations with the
Entente governments and conducted y
lively correspondence with the French
military intelligence officers. The dis
closure by the Austrian Secret Service
of these relations during the war led
to the suicide of the Prague professor
"Dr. Rambousek was also very in
huential with the Catholic clergy in
Salzburg. His wedding-he married an
American woman-took place in the
private chapel of the Archbishop OF
Salzburg, the archbishop himself sign
ing the marriage certificate as witness.
The archduke and his wife telcpraphed
their congratulation. After this event
the conceit of the ambitious official
knew no bounds. He established his
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
NWO interesting contributions
to the worldwide discussion
= on the truth about Bolshe-

bousek saw that he had arrived at
the end Of his rope and arranged for
ms escape. He gave his valet a con-
siderable sum of money, ordering him
to secure Czech passports. Taking
with him 100000 crowns in cash-all
taken from the state treasury-R Ram
bousek started out in his automobile
for the Swiss frontier. On the wav
tire got punctured, and while he was
engaged in repairing the damage
policeman became suspicious and put
nm under arrest. He was brought to
Vienna, and after few days he hanged
himself in his cell. Inquiry showed
that he had embezzled no less than 90
100000 crowns ($4,ooo,ooO in pre-war
eXchange).'
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

Duchess of Hohenberg. The conse-
quences of this maladministration be-
came evident last fall in the hunger
riots here, and the disclosures that
followed were greatly instrumental in
preparing the soil for the. revolution
which destroyed the throne of the
hapsburgs. In the centre of this trial
is the figure of the former chief of
the Governors Cabinet, DR.. Ram
oousek, who was indicted for espionage
IN Entente service and for the en-
oezzlement of many million crowns of
state money. DR.. Rambousek, not long
ego, committed suicide in the iail of
the Vienna police. His father was the
private physician of the heir to the
throne, Franz Ferdinand, and the back
ing OF this archducal protector was
exploited by the younger Rambousek
IN an unheard of manner. He also
succeeded in gaining the confidence of
the Duchess Hohenberg, and requited
her support by closing the beautiful
bluhnbach Valley, near Salzburg. to
all traffic, measure which at the time
reused mighty storm of protests in
Bavaria and Austria, causing the Ans
trlan government to anrul the measure
The affair gained unfavorable publicity
Tor Rambousek not only in Austria.
but also in Germany
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
rood on the Blink

Thus he is credited in Austria with
considerable role in the Bohemian
revolutionary agitation and the plot-
tings which led to the breakdown of
the Italian front. But his princinal
achievement was the wrecking of the
food distribution system of Salzburc
and the neighborng districts. The
wholesale theft of provisions, organized
by Rambousek with the aid of nrof-
'eers' smugglers and corrupted Off
Gals, furnishes the main subject of the
monster trial, in when indictments
we're found after Rambousek himself
committed suicide, against his accom-
plice"' number of prominent and less
prominent people in Salzburg and sur
roundings.
Owing to the misappropriation OF
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
W hen the Devil Reigned in Salzbure

burg had a population of 22o00o
almost exclusively German Catholics.
The two main sources of revenue
were the immense salt deposits, from
which the name Salzburg is derived,
and the yearly influx Of tourists.
The story in the "Berliner Tage-
blatt" is headlined "The King of
Salzburg." 1t bears the date of
March 27, and runs:
"a lawsuit now pending in the local
court of justice opens up an illuminat
ing perspective into the incredible
maladmlnistration carried on in the
province of Salzburg for years by
favorite Of the assassinated Archduke
Franz Ferdinand and his spouse, the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
But Keeps a Cool Head and
Escapes Without Getting
Even ScOrched

that could give good account of itself
against any invading force.
"The Red Terror, nevertheless, con-
tlnued unabated, as the soldiers be-
longing to the Red Army lived mostly
on exactions and plunder and the levy
ing of blackmail. A summary court
was increasingly at work emptying the
prisons of hostages. Peters, the presi-
dent of one of these revolutionary
tribunals, declared that these tribunals
altogether had not executed more than
5000 r-revolutionaries.' This
statement the Norwegian INVESTIGATOR
1ound later to be q great underestima-
ton of the facts, as there are over 500
OF these tribunals at work, which must
be credited some with hundreds, some
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

household on regular princely foot
ing rented the most fashionable hotel
IN the city and furnished the en-
TIRE building as his private residence.
lie surrounded himself with a brigade
Of servants.
Through his appointment as chief
OF the Governors Cabinet he became
the real ruler of the province. He
was called by the people the uncrowned
KING of Salzburg. After the assassina-
tlon OF the archducal couple his posi-
tlon seemed, for one reason or otbor
stronger than ever, and he simply did
not tolerate interference in the affairs
OF the administration. His regime.
modelled along the lines of an Oriental
oespot, did not fail to attract the at
tentlon of the widest circles in Vienna
but nobody cared to challenge the ALL
powerful favorite of the court and
clergy. In the mean time Rambousak
extended his sphere of activities. He
mad very powerful friends, not onlv in
Vienna and Prague, but even in Berlin
and other German capitals. He main-
tanned intimate relations with high
military officers, including some on the
German and Austrian general STATS:
ne had a chain of pretty and fashion
able women working for him as polit-
cal and military spies, and he utilized
all this machinery for securing infor-
nation, which he then transmitted
through Prague and Bavaria to the
Entente capitals.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
Nj ts::4s :s::: N: roc" :':.: j: no; *::: a: ::
have ceased on earth. He

tried to impress this view
on the peace conference when he de-
manded the Rhine as the frontier OF
France. He made the Germans un
derstand it when they came to him
for an armistice.
when the Germans came to me
to ask for an armistice," he said to
G. Ward Price, Paris correspondent
of 1.-The London Daily Mall" 81
said: 4 am going on to the Rhine.
If you oppose me, SO much the
worse for you, but, whether you
sign an armistice or not, l do not
stop until I reach the Rhine"
Nor does the great marshal be-
lieve the Germans are through max
ing war
Remember that those 70,000,000
Germans will always be men,
ace to u.s." he said to Mr.. Price.
DO not trust the appearances of
the moment. Their natural charac-
teristics have not changed In four
years. Fifty years hence they will
be what they are to-day" And next
time, he said
remember. the Germans will make no
mistake They will break through into
Northern France and will seize the
channel ports as a base of operations
against England. They did not do it
before because they did not believe
England would come in. When they
found she was coming in their plans
were already being carried out and
they could not change them.
"The Germans will have no arms for
another attack, you say. Ho! Ho!
How do you know? BY the time you
found out that they had got them it
would be too late
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

tier Of France can be broken anywhere
along its entire length'"
Victory
Early in August, 1918, Marshal
Foch knew the victory was won, but
he could not prophesy the date of
the German surrender. Gwen at
the end of the month l did not know
exactly when the Germans would
give in," he said to Mr.. Price
but l knew our advance would not
stop until they were defeated. Our Of
fensive had become general. 1t be-
gan on July 18 on the Marine. Terrible
fighting, that. The Germans used up
there 55 of the 1870 or 100 divisions
they had. Their reserves were ex-
hausted. That had gone we'll Then
came the attack in the Amiens sector
on August 8. That went we'll, too. The
moment had arrived. | ordered Gen
eral Humbert to attack in his turn.
NO reserves! No matter. Allez-y.
Get on with it, / tell Marshal Haig
to attack, too. He is short of men.
also. Attack all the same There we
are, advancing everywhere whole
line! En- avant! Hup! l knew moth
ing could balk me of victory once the
Germans had accepted the final battle
where they did,
Asked whether it was a stroke of
genius that turned the fate of bat
tie, Marshal Foch replied, as here
quoted by Mr.. Price
~ don't believe in it. A battle is
complicated operation, that you pre-
pare laboriously If the enemy does
this, you say to yourself, l shall do
that And if such and such happens.
these are the steps l shall take to
meet it. You think out every possible !
development and decide on the wav
to deal with the situation created
One of these developments occurs, YOU
put in operation your prearranged
plan, and every one says, What genius
to have thought of that at the critical
moment!'
"Foch always gets to the heart of a
question Immediately, seizing with un
faltering instinct upon the kernel of
the matter The marshal ripped the
inside out of me- said high mill
tary officer, who, in a brief interview
OF ten minutes, had had to report on
the artillery dispositions taken for q
coming battle. Such and such is to
be the role of the heavy artillery; such
and such of the light. Go away and
do it,
Marshal Foch never loses his tenn
per IN discussion. He only flares up
sometimes when subordinate brinps
nm project imperfecty prepared
l have no time to concern myself with |
your hesitations,' he says. Have Won
clear idea in your head of this
subject and of our own proposals
about it? No-Then go away and
form one"
The marshal ended the interview
with his opinion on Bolshevism.
Bolshevlsm," he said, "is disease
which attacks conquered countries.
Conquering nations, like our own.
Will remain free from it,
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

with thousands Of these summary exc
cutions.
AS regards the working class, they
could not be worse off than they are
IN Petrograd and Moscow, where they
have no work and are starving. Star
Vatlon, moreover, was no vain word.
tor 1t is impossible to imagine anything
more pitiable than the conditions pre-
vaillng in this respect in both capitals.
The complaints against the Soviet
government were bitter, despite the
severity of the police measures and
the spying system in force. Wai]inos
ana gIumbllngs were heard every
where from almost everybody. The
starvation was mostly due to faulty
administration and the deplorable state
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

funds and supplies, conditions in Salz-
burg reached the famine point last
September. Already during the sum-
mer all strangers were ordered to
leave the province, owing to the short
age Of foodstuifs. In September the
population, whipped into utter despair,
broke out into riots. Shops were
plundered and property destroyed.
Rambousek's residence was surrounded
by a menacing crowd, whereupon he
ordered out the military, and reported
later to Vienna that the outbreaks
were due to Entente intrigue. This
Notwithstanding the fact that he him
self was in the pay of the French
espionage system.
"A few days later, however, Ram
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
STORY of the almost in
credible governmental cor
ruption that preceded and
partly caused the downfall

OF the Hapsburg monarchy in Aus
tria is told by the salzburg CORE
spondent of the "Berliner Tage
blatt." 1t should be explained here
that Salzburg is the capital of the
former Austrian crownland of the
same name. The city, surrounded
by the snowclad peaks Of The Alps,
IS one of the most picturesque in
Europe, and noted as the birthplace
of Mozart. 1t had a pre-war popula-
ton of 100000. The province of Salz-
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
Only the Rhine
Explaining why only the Rhine
would do for a barrier against Ger
many, the marshal continued:

Why why eiS lslllAN
would do for barrier against Ger
many, the marshal continued:
And, above all, mark this: What
was it that saved the Allies at the
beginning of the war? Russia. Well,
on whose side will Russia be in the
future? With US or with the Ger
mans:9 l will show you a map
Mr.. Prices narrative continued:
From the table at the other end Of
the room Marshal Foch brought a
great map six or eight feet square, on
which the natural features of this
part of Western Europe were marked
The Rhine was a thick line of blue.
To the west OF the river the marshal
had drawn in pencil concave arc
representing the new frontier that
France Will receive under the peace
treaty 1t was clearly an arbitrary
political boundary conforming to no
natural feature of the land
Look at that said Marshal Foch.
There is no natural obstacle along
that frontier Is it there that we
can hold the Germans if they attack
US again? No. Here Here! Here!'
and he tapped the blue Rhine with
his pencil.
Here must we be ready to face
our enemies. This is a barrier which
Will take some crossing If the Ger
mans try to force passage over the
Rhine-ho, ho But here touching
the black pencilled line running north
west from Lorraine past the Saar Val
ley to the Belgian frontier. Here
there Is nothing.
"'The Allied armies. Where will
the Allied armies be? The British
army will be in Canada, In Australia.
In New Zealand. The American army
VIII be in the United States. 1t will
be the same next time as it was last
If you are not able to maintain obN-
eatory service you will need time to
organize yourselves At the first bat
tie Of Ypres you mad six divisions
excellent divisions, but-six! On No
vember i, 1914, l met Kitchener at
furnes. It was the first time had
seen him. | asked when he would he
able 10 send us some reinforcements
He said, "By July next year we shall
have a millien men ready 10 take the
field in France" | replied that
would rather have fewer and have
them sooner He answered: "You won't
set,any more till then" 1t was touch
and go The Allies were within an acc
Of being crushed.
u you build house in the conn
try,, went On the marshal, you put
double lock on the door and a wall
round your garden "Bu. there are no
thieves round here" says some one. You
prefer not 70 trust to that. "But there
are the gendarmes." They may arrive
700 iates No; IL you are wisc you in
sist on having your locks and vour
wall and VIC must have our armies an
the Rhine. Some people object that It
VIII take many troops 10 hold the
hnine. Not so many as 1t would take
TO hold political frontier. For the
Rhine can be crossed only at certain
places whereas the new political from
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
How 1t Strikes
Two Victims /.
's1he Soviet Is Manifestation of the Will Of
Tremendous Russian Majority Says One
But the Other Hopes America Will Never Fall
Heir to Such Universal Anguish

mercial enterprise, so the trust Of ~.
great majority of the people is N.
foundation of any sound governments, i,
and think that any attempt to over-
throw the present organization of Rms
sia by force of arms would be exactlr
as dangerous for the future develor-
ment of Russia as any usurpation ~
political power by minority.
"Despotism maintained by force bv
one class as again all other groups ~
the population in Russia would bs eve,
less resented by the people than for.
elgn intervention, because the people
would prefer a despotism of their o,yn
countrymen to a despotism of foreion
ers. The minority parties of Russi.
themselves have had every opportunity
and have made every effort to over.
throw Bolshevism.
"If the Allied armies attempted to
aid the various governments or fac.
tions now opposing Bolshevism, such
as the Kolchak or the Tchaikowskv
governments, they would, in my opin-
ion, strengthen rather than weaken
Bolshevism, because they would bring
to its standards the Russian people
who resent foreign invasion. And this
has already happened in several. in
stances. I believe that foreign inter
vention actually gave Lenine and
Trotzky the one weapon which thew
badly needed in 1917 for final tri-
umph over all organized political oppo-
sition."
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
Another Vie,c

Another Vieu
The opposite viewpoint is repre-
sented by personal letter which
has come into the possession of The
Outlook" purporting to have been
written by a Finnish resident of
Russia, who not long ago succeeded
in making his escape to his native
country. He says, in part:
Imagine how happy we were to see
a clean railway station, bread, butter,
and milk on the table, and friendly
looking and smiling people-young
men that were joking with each other.
You surely smile when you read these
lines, but l am sure you hardly can
imagine what's going on in Russia at
this time. Just think of everything
that you are accustomed TO as being
turned upside down. The rich man
is now poorer than beggar: man
who Is educated to be a state minister.
is now saving wood or cleaning the
street of snow and dirt; The minis
ter who preached in She church or an
army officer has to unload railway
wagons; the beggar who cannot write
his name, he is senator; d laborer
who was drunkard is now chief in
some ministry, and we all had to bow
before him to get the right to be alive
at all.
Everything is by law taken away
from you because you have no right to
possess single chance; everything be- ''3
longs to the government; that is, is
robbed away and nobody knows or
cares where it goes. For example, you
are sleeping one night in your own bed,
few men of the Red Guards are com
ing into your fiat, asking you 10 dress
yourself as quickly as possible and
commanding you to get out Of the
house in the cold street. as your be-
longings, linen, dresses, furniture. etc.
everything you worked for all your
lifetime and saxed, your fiat also
are natlonalized; that means it is
taken from you by the lawful govern
ment and you are not going to have
red cent paid for it 1t has to be
used Tor the true Bolshevik population,
which again means the vagabond pop
ulation, who have not worked nor
saved all their life, only drunk,
robbed, and done absolutely nothing
for their country or their people.
Those people are now ruling
poor, poor Russia. myself, for m
stance, had to go to work twenty days
cut of thirty and sweep the a.4t'sst
places in the Red Army's cass4aes
barracks; my son had to clean the
streets. No pay and no bread becee.e
we belonged to the so-called own;,s
and educated class, to the fourth va;s-
sory-that is, the last lowest parasite
class of the population, where;o all
.eople who own something have 10 be-
ong We had the right to buy one
the word here is indeciphcrable q
lay a person on our cards, one-six-
eenth Of pound of bread IF there ''
we're any, but we never got any). p
mats about all we got in the three
asst months we had TO remain there. s,a
'asslng the frontier, we were so
eeble that our boys had TO carry us
n their arms all the way | pray to
sod that your country, which | still
owe and honor, never win have to So
through only one part of that ySnat -
ave seen lately in Russia.
From my brother and his farnilys
~ business, factory and stores, Ihaves q
OF heard anything, and have idea
any of them are alive or anything i,
it is left. 1t is good feeling when
on walk in the street and you can ba
ure that nobody comes rr. Kills you.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18

"WO interesting contributions
to the worldwide discussion
on the truth about Bolshe-
ism" are offered by a Rus
sian and a Finnish resident of Rus
sia in "The Outlook" Their names
are not given; both appear to be-
long to the educated upper middle
class, and both have undergone con-
siderable suffering on account of the
Bolshevik regime. Yet their respec-
tive attitudes are Numerically op-
posed.
One of them is described as
Russian economist, born and edu-
Gated in Russia, whose mother was
a Great Russian of the Orthodox
Church." AS to his personal ex-
periences and relations with the Boil
shevik government, he expresses
himself as follows:
"My personal interests are such that
should naturally be bitter opponent
of Bolshevism. l spent eighteen years
of my life in study and preparation to
become a member Of the Russian Bar
Association, and the Bolshevists have
abolished that association. In this
country have been recently a repre-
sentative of the Zemstvo Union and an
employe of the Imperial Government
and the Provisional Government, and
the Bolshevist movement has abolished
all this. l spent many years of my
life in creating standing for myself
as journalist and writer for the best
Russian newspapers and magazines,
and the Bolshevists have abolished
these periodicals; and my family had
property and real estate in Moscow
from which I derived an income, and
the Bolshevists have coniscated this
property. Nevertheless I feel COM
PEELED to recognize the facts, however
they affect me, and l believe the facts
to be that the soviet government un-
der the leadership of Trotzky and Le-
nine is a manifestation of the will of
tremendous majority of the Russian
people"
Why?
He then was confronted with the
following question:
"Why do you think we must tolerate
the government of Trotzky and Lenine,
by which we Americans mean Bolshe-
vism, as the only hope for the ulti
mate development of democratic hber
ty and democratic law and order in
Russia %
He answered.:
81 should say that just as good will
IS the foundation of any sound com
New-York tribune., 1919-05-18
FOch Stands Out
for the Rhine
''lhe Germans Will Have No Arms for Another
Attack, You Say. Ho! Ho! How Do You Know?
By the Time You Found Out That They Had
Got Them 1t Would Be Too Late!''

tier Of France can be broken anywhere
along its entire LENGTH"