Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-09-04

incidentally, of course, the rcmunera-
tiOu of labor.
The labor shall be remunerated in
proportion. Of course, to the main
tenance of the standard of living,
which is proper for the man who is
expected to give his whole brain and
intelligence and energy to pnrticu-
lar task.
hear very little said about this
Magma Charta of labor which is en-
bodied in this. 1t forecasts the day
which ought to have come long ago,
when statesmen will realize that no
nation is fortunate which is not
happy, and that no nation can be
happy whose people are not con
tented. contpnted in their industry,
contented in their lives and fortunate
in the circumstances of their lives.
If | were to state what seems to
me to be the central idea of this
treaty. it would be this: 1t is al
most a discovery in international con
ventiOns-'' nations do mt con.
sist of their government, hut consist
of their people,"
That is n rudimcntary idea; it
seems to go without saying to MS in
America. but, my fellow citizens, it
was never the leading idea in any
other international congress that !
ever heard of that is to say. any
international congress made up of the
representatives Of government.
No Annexation Whatever
They were always thinking of ma
tional policy. of national advantages,
Of the rivalries of trade. Of the ad-
yantages OF territorial conquest.
There is nothing Of that in this
treaty.
You will notice that even the ter
ritOries which are taken away from
Germany. like her colonies, are not
given to anybody. There isn't sin.
gle act of annexation in this treaty.
But territories inhabited by pCo-
pie not yet able to govern themselves.
either because of economic or other
circumstances or the stage of their
development. are put under the care
of powers. who are to accept them as
trustGcS-truSteeS responsible in the
forum of the world, at the bar of the
league of nations, and the terms upon
which they are to exercise their truS
teeShip are outlined.
They are not to use those people
by way of profit and to fight their
wars for them; they are not to per
nit any form of slavery among them
or enforced labor. They are to see
to it that there are human conditions
of labor with regard, not only to the
women and children. but the men,
too.
They are to establish no fortified
tons they are to regulate the liquor
and the opium traffic; they are to see
to.it. in other words, that the lives
of the people whose care they assume
not sovereignty over whom they
assume. but whose care they assume
are kept clean and safe and holy.
For Welfare of People
There again the principle of the
treaty comes out. that the object of
the arrangement is the welfare of the
people who live there. and not the
advantages of government.
1t goes beyond that, and it seeks
to gather under the common super
vision of the league of nations the va
rious instrumentalties by which the
world has been trying to check the
evils that were in some places de-
basing men, like the opium traffic.
like the traffic-fOr it was traffic
in men, women and children; like the
traffic in other dangerous drugs like
Ine tTdluc III arms among unclVlllHtu
people. who could use arms only for
their detriment; for sanitation; for
the work of the Red Cross.
Why, those clauses, my fellow cit L.
liens, draw the hearts OF the world
into league-draw the noble impulses
OF the world together and make a
poem Of them.
Passions Govern the World
| used to be told that this was an
age in which mind was monarch and
my comment was that if that were
true, then mind was one of those
modern monarchs that reigns and
| does not govern; but as matter of
fact, we were governed by great
representative assembly, made up OF
the human passions, and that the
best we could manage was that the
high and fine passions should be in a
majority, so that they could control
the face of passion, SO that they could