davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
SMALL HOPE HELD OUT FOR RECOVERY
 OF INJURED MEN
Victims of Automobile Accident Re- ported in Critical Condition and
 Still Unconscious

According to reports late last night from the Birmingham infirmary, B. M- Arnold of 4220 Eleventh avenue, wy Nsm. and F. F. Morton of Ensley, who ,,,are severelv burned in an automobile accident Saturday night, are still in very critical condition and little nope IS entertained for their recovery
 The men were injured Saturday night when the automobile they were driving turned over. caused by the wheels skid ding as they attempted to cross the -aiIroad tracks on Third avenue. near Earle street The automobile immed'- eteIy caught fire and before Arno'" and Norton could be rescued rom m Ierneath the car. they were severely burned about the head and body. Both are still in an unconscious condition
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
BUSINESS MEN ID
 TOUR s. AMERICA
Local Civic Bodies Invited to Send Delegates to Chicago
 Meeting

About the first of November a large delegation of American business men and manufacturers will make tour of south American countries to study con ditions and to interest the peoples of those countries in American trade. : The delegation will leave New Orleans on or about November ard will spend several weeks in Latin America The trip is being arranged by the Missis- sippi Valley association composed of leading manufacturing and iobbing in- terests in the states bordering on or accessible to the Mssissippl river.
 In sending out fts call for a meeting to be held at tho Morrison hotel in Chicago on October the association invites all chambers of commerce, boards of trade, commercial orgahiza tons, bankers. manufacturers. iobbers exporters, farmers and business men in the territory covered by that asso- ciation to send delegates to the meet ing.
 The circular letter states that the business crisis involving trade. labor iiousTy' finance agriculture and transportation demand a full attend ance at the meeting
 The Chamber of Commerce and the CIVIC association have been invited 10 send representatives to the Chicago meeting and also to arrange to be rep resented on the South American trip. It is probable that both organizations will send representatives to Chicago and efforts are being made to induce one or more Birmingham men to go on the trip to South America
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
GREENWOOD CAFE
 WILL BE ENLARGED

Greenwood Cafe No. 2, 407 North Twen- tieth street, will be enlarged to twice it's present size. Workmen have been busy for several days cutting through the wall which separates the cafe from the adjacent store room on the north. for merly occupied by. a drill company and rearranging the interior. The quarters will be decorated and fitted up as soon as possible to take care of the growing patronage which the two Greenwood cafes enjoy. With double it's floor space and more than twice as many tables added, Greenwood Cafe No. will be one of the largest restaurants on Twentieth street.
 Harry Greenwood states that the Greenwood brothers have a longtime lease on the building they now occupy with their No. cafe. They plan event ually to use most of the building for their restaurant business. storing sup plies and operating a large bakery on the second floor.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06

More than this, owing to the economical method of running this court it turns in more net profits than any court in al. the whole state No one gets any fees or percentages, all from the judge d6wa to the clerks get salary and no more.
 A remarkable feature being that though for more than half of those brought he- lore 1t are turned loose yet 1t is the on!y court in the state that last year paid more than it's expenses All fees ana /nes go direct to the county treasury, not even the sheriff's office getting any. The ,ime honored constables made their exits with their last fee checks a month ago. they no longer swell their coffers from the court.
 Does this court work? Here are the actual figures for one year. July 1918 to July 1913. The total cases called was 54oo, of these 1240 were felonies and 4210 misdemeanors. Some 334 were sentenced to hard labor and 560 bound over to the grand jury. That's a healthy years work for single man. An idea of the value of this to the county is given when you figure the value of 334 laborers on an average of 90 days at g a day. working for the county, the income is s66S00. Yet the total cost of running the court last year was only $6.525 Besides the expense saved the county by giving quick trial and supplying labor the fines turned in to the treasury were s12271. To quote the judge himself; 'I try more to benefit those who come before me rather than punish them. It's hard to make the law fit every time, but with the aid of pris oners counsel who for the most part put justice to the state before their de- sire for fees, we generally settle things right I have no use for this quick lunch system of short order justice,' don't want people coming in here as customers That's why fought to abol- ish the justice courts. I failed to collect about two-thirds of a stack of accounts for a man once and charged him fees for all. He resented it, stating that if I didn't forego the fees in the non-collected cases he would go to another justice ,in future and I'd lose a good customer That's when I rebelled. They considered the court convenience and they the GUS toner's But it's all changed now and though we are out fthe collection busi- ness we still do plenty of work along lines of morality, health and domestic
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
ALL DIVISIONS OF CIRCUIT COURT TO
 OPEN FOR NEW TERM

Today will mark the booming of the new term of the circuit court of Jei- ferson county. According to informa- tion coming from w. J. Waldrop. the clerk of the court. there are many cases docketed. exceeding in number anything in the history of the courts All divisions, civil, chancery and crim- insl. will open for business.
 One of the first cases on the docket is the damage suit for alleged libel filed by Congressman George Huddle- ston against the News Publishing com- 'panv and Frank P. Glass. The plaintiff clairns $5O,000 for alleged libelous statements made in an editorial pub lished when Huddleston was a candi- date for reelection.
 In addition to the court work, the grand jury will reconvene all this week to pass on a number of cases bound over for investigation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
'Stump-Pulling" to Be
 Motion, Picture Them

How land is cleared of stumps b" the latest methods will be shown r moving pictures at the Strand theatr~ the first three days of this week. Tbe demonstration was made by government agents assisted by representatives o' the Southern Bell Telephone compan! and the pictures show the planting of dynamite under the roots of stumps the explosion and the condition of the ground after the stumps are removed
 Following the clearing away of the stumps, blows drawn by tractors an0 other modern farm machinery are shown in action preparing the ground for cultivation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
OF WORK
 OF FEDERAL BOARD
Many Men Disabled in Mili- tary Service Given VOca-
 tiOnal Training

The federal board of vocational edu- cation of the eth rehabilitation district composed of Alabama, Mississippi and of it's organization last week. This board was organized witE an office force of four in three small rooms and from that it has grown until the pres ent time when 3,079 men from the three states mentioned who have suffered vice have been assigned to vocational training. There are at present 175 per- sons employed in the district office which occupied 22 rooms. in New Or leans.
 A branch office was located in Bir- building and F. w. Hodges mas charge. All ex-service men who suffered dis abilities of any kind are urged to con fer with him regarding vocational training.
 ''The work accompEshe1 by this board during the first year is shown in the yearly reports said ~Mr. Hodges, which is as follows:
 Disabled men registered with the dis trict board 9.032 Disabled men recom- mended for training by vocational ad- visors 5G73 Applications for train ing reported by district case board for approval by central, office 2,lS6 Appli- cations of disabled men approved by central office at Washing ,ol for voca~ tional courses 1888. Disabled men in training at institutions and industrial plants TIP.
 From these figures it can be seen that the federal board for vocational education ot the sixth rehabilitation district is rapidly performing the work .or he rehabilitation If the diSable1 men which was intrustel to it by act of Congress. In fey instances the men who have made ap5..caticns tor vocational rehabilitation. have become impatient. because of de'ays male nec- essary oy .aa re4nIremen.s of the voca- tional law In other instances men who suffered minor disabilities. which have resulted in no perceptible handicap. have not been approved for courses for the reason that the limitations of the present law under which the board functions exclude such men tfoin privi- leges of its provisions"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
CAPT. SEDBERRY DIES
 AT WETUMPKA HOME
Former State Examiner of Public Ac- counts Succumbs After Long
 IpneSS

Capt. George F. Sedberry, aged "A, died yesterday at his home in We tumpka, after continued illness super induced by paraylsis several years ago.
 Captain Sedberry was probably one of the best known men in the state and was formerly state examiner of public accounts. He was Confederate veteran, having, at the beginning of the war, enlisted as private in the old Wetumpka Light Guards. later be- ing promoted to captain. The greater part of his life was spent in We tumpka, where he will be buried with Masonic honors. Besides his wife, who was formerly Miss Carrie D. Thomas he is survived by one son., Louis G.. Sedberry, of Montgomery, and one daughter, Miss Mary Sedberry, of We .umpka; also by one granddaughter Miss Vivian Sedberry of Birmingham; and by several nieces and nephews.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
ERECTION OF Y. M. H. A.
 BUILDING IS DISCUSSED AT JOINT M B B TIN G

The joint meeting of the two local lodges of the Independent order R.nai B,rith at Temple Emanu-El Sunday aft ernoon was an interesting one. and was well attended
 The committee appointed for enter taining the grand lodge convention in this city in April, 1920, reported fine progress. Julian Caheen addressed the lodge in behalf of the Y. M. H. A. building campaign. He spoke of the fine buildings in other cities erected for this institution and pointed out Birmingham's need for suitable r.. Nj H. A. building. Mir. Caheen spoke of the wide scope of work to be done here in this direction. and urged ev- eryone to back the movement to the fullest extent with their moral and financial support. Other talks were made. and the regular order of busi. ness transacted.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
Examinations for
 Civil Services Named

The following civil service examina- tions have been announced by the civil service commissionf
 Calculating machine operator tmale and female) operative: vacancies in the federal service, Washington. D. C.
 Matron, vacancies in the Indian serv- ice in the position of matron, seam stress. housekeeper. field matron and female industrial teacher.
 Teacher (male and female) for po- sitions in the Indian service.
 Domestic science teacher tfemale). for position in Indian service.
 Aeronautic engineer fmale). vacan- cies in the bureau of construction and repair. navy department for duty in Washington. D. C., or elsewhere.
 Surveillance inspector tmale). for duty in the ordnance department at large and in positions requiring simi- lar publications
 For further information and ap- plication blanks write the United States civil service commission. Washington. D. C.. or apply to the local secretary. Albert B. Guyton. Birmingham post office.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
SERIES OF DANCES TO
 BE GIVEN AT HOME BY LOCAL LODGE OF ELKS
Elegant Clubroom Has Been Reno vated and Every Convenience Pro- vided-Moran to Furnish
 Music

The first of a series of dances to be given by Birmingham Lodge No. 7s, Benevolent Protective Order of Flks, will be given next Thursday night at the Elks' home, Eighth ave- nue and Twentieth street. The dance which is for members of the order and their families, is in the nature of a "get-together" affair. at which plans will be perfected for a series of dances to be given during the fall and winter months, to which Elks and their friends will be invited.
 The interior lower floor of the home has recently been renovated and now presents a beautiful appearance with it's elaborate furniture and rich fur nishings. The ladies parlors are r,- usually attractive with every conv i- ence and comfort provided.
 The fact that the music for tna dances will be furnished by Moran orchestra one of the very beat su the cisss insure the best the Is in the dance music and add rnater-.,y to the pleasure of the several dances to be given. Further announcement will be made later.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
ALABAMA WOMEN
 ARRIVE IN JAPAN
Go in Interest of WOman's Missionary Work of Meth
 odist Church, South

A message has just been received in Birmingham from Vancouver. B. C., wired from the Empress Asia" an- nouncing the safe arrival of Mrs. Maud Palmer Henderson and Miss Virginia M. Atkinson in Yokohama, Japan.
 Mrs. Henderson and Miss Atkinson left Birmingham, September 29 for Suchow. China, where they go in the , interest of the Woman's Missionary work of the Methodist church. south, and Mrs. Henderson particularly in tho interest of woman's missionary work of the North Alabama conference. As former secretary of this conference, Mrs Henderson is remembered with ap- preciation, and as North Alabama s poineer missionary to China 35 years ago, Miss Atkinson holds a warm place in the esteem of the Methodists of this , state
 The progress of the work of these two splendid women who are offering their share to teaching all nations will be watched with interest by their many friends left in the homeland.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
DIR. SCARBOROUGH TO SPEAK TONIGHT AT
 BAPTIST CHURCH

Dr. l., R. Scarbrough, the general di- rector of the s75.OO0,O00 drive of the South. ern Baptists, will speak at the First Bap- tist church tonight at o'clock. Large delegations from every Baptist church in the Birmingham district are expected to be present.
 ''Dr. Scarbrough is a noted and popu- lar speaker" said B. c. Cox and is greatly enthused over the great work under his direction and his address will be especially interesting and full of fire and zeal for the great cause and as he will likely not have another opportunity to come to Birmingham every Baptist that can attend should be on hand to hear him
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-10-06
PERSONAL

Lieut. F. M Glenn Of Company C. Twen- ty-third infantry regiment, Second divi- sion, has returned from IS months serv- ice overseas, and is in the city visiting his parents. Dr. and Mrs. F.. M. Glenn
 He is en route to Camp Pike, where he will receive his discharge from service.
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-11-23
National Gamers Assoc;a+;o,

.:..,. oh-woe ofgsnisaSon formed in 1907. eo,.
noans Of producers OF all varieties of h.,r.,e III
S seeo :, canned foods x heh have been s,er1ed by
pose TO assure. for IN. mutual h.n.b, 90
10Y ano the public. the b.s, canned food ,h',
.asnnhc knowledge and human skl AR n,cd,' u.'
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-11-23

s s1 tn: t"7srs 81 sssiz sss.
A. It's pages may resound with the din of
mighty battles, but how many Americans
realize that European military necessities of
more than hundred years ago were re-
aponsible indirectly for the establishment of
q colossal American industry whose varied
output is found today on millions of Ameri-
can tablesF
The origin of this industry dates back to the
year 1895, when the French Government to
avoid the enormous losses caused by spoil
age Of army and navy food supplies, offered
a reward of IL, 600 francs for an improved
method of preserving foods for sea service.
Among the contestants for the prize IA for
tune for those tines was one Nicholas Ap-
pert, an expert confectioner and chef, of Cha
Ions sur Marne-the same Marne where
more than century later, thousands of Ap-
perts fellow countryrnen were to hold the
advancing lines and save the situation for
the Allies. M. Appert conducted number of
experiments which for the most part, resulted
fndifferently. Nothing daunted, and with the
wars OF the great Napoleon constantly en-
ptasizing the need for success, he kept at it,
with the rare pluck and perseverance pecu-
bar to his race
Atlength our Frenchman hit on the device
which, with notifications, is in use to this
very doy-that of heating the product and
then Theoretically sealing the container.
Under modern methods however, canned
food is sterilized after it is Theoretically
sealed in the container.
Right here was born the mighty industry
whose highest development has been made
possible by American inventive genius.
Nicholas Appert, after laborine siren.
uousIy for fifteen years, reaped the reward
OF his toll in 1870 He claimed the II Ooo
francs, and incidentally, made the world
everlastingly his debtor.
Apperts discovery stands as fttine
monument to unhagging industry and ex
haustless patience.
Inc work done since his time has been
mostly IN the nature of improving the me
ci1anics of the canning art. Seven-leaeue
strides have been taken in this direction. but
TO Appert belongs the honor of establishing
the oasic principles for all time and making
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-11-23

possible an American industry which at the
eau OF the Great War could produce, as one
Item IN Its program, three billion cans of
food for the A. E. F. alone.
APPERTS discovery was at once recog-
n nized as the solution Of the problem,
and was put into commercial use in America
as early as l819-or exactly one hundred
years ago.
IN that year Ezra Daggett and Thomas
kensett, using the method discovered by
APpert packed salmon, Holsters and oysters.
in New York
Boston quickly followed suit-William
Underwood and Charles Mitchell packing
darnsons, ounces, cranberries and currapts
there in 1920
Baltimore, the center of the oyster canning
industry IN this country, built its first car1-
merry in 1910 the year that witnessed the
death OF the father Of the canning industry.
The next year saw the beginning of the
sardine industry in this country, in East
port Maine
The first canning factory on the Pacific
Coast was started in 1856.
The first canning factory in the Central
States began in l86O-on the eve Of the
Civil War
| TITLE progress however was made in canning
S III the United States prior TO the Sixties In the
nrst place. cities were small Fruit and vegetables
could be grown near them and delivered fresh by
wagon The presentday demand for out of season
foods and foreign foods, did not exist In short the
conditions which today make canned foods practi-
cal necessity were conspicuous by their absence
Just as the wars Of Napoleon gave stimulus to
the establishment of the industry so our own Civil
War stimulated its development in this country
Soldiers in the detention camps and hospitals no
ing supplied with foods packed in cans were ou;cr
to appreciate their convenience and excellence and
were later instrumental in spreading the good news
broadcast throughout the country
The large development Of the industry dates from
this period. Not until several years later however,,
were formulated the principles which form the basi,
OF scientific canning, we know it today
Nicholas APpert successful though he was. could
not himself tell why foods kept when treated accord
ing to that method. He ascribed it, as we shall, COO
10 the exclusion Of outside air. after applying suf6
Gent heat to the food
In his work entitled The Art of Preserving Ami
NAL and Vegetable Substances" he wrote: "A traIs
Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-11-23

have made convince me that the absolute privation
OF the contact Of external air (the internal air he
ing rendered Of no effect by the action of hot ater
and the application Of heat by means of the water
BATH are both indispensable to the complete preser
walton of alinentary substances"
Subsequently the French Government annointsd
Guy Lussac, the foremost chemist Of his tina o,
investigate this phenomenon Lussac confirmed
Apperts theory that the exclusion of air from tho
contaner prevents the spelling of foods contained
ihis explanation prevailed until another eminent
Frenchman Louis Pasteur, discovered most of the
fundamental principles involved in the science NJ
bacterology.
Ihe hrst application Of the science to CANNING
IN this country was made in 1895 by H. L. Russell
OF the University Of Wisconsin,
IN 1896 Professors Prescott and Underwood of ths
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, supplement-
ed this application with other notable experiments
Is interesting to note that the Boston firm which
- marketed canned fruits in 1920, is now in its
oo'h year and is still hale and hearty, the dean of
canning establishments ir these United States
Similarly, the business established bv NchoI,a
Appert, ard continued by his descendants is ITO
Oldest in Europe
" -'pi'I'' were 10 Visit modern American
canning factory it is safe to assume that his amaze
meht at the progress achieved since he strove for
me imperial prize of $4,000 francs would know M
pounds He would marvel at the thousands uno,
thousands OF plants engaged in this gigantic business
OF food production and preservation! The innoen,.
variety OF foods made available by his method CO..
me everyday table! The widely separated reeiono
Drawn upon for food! The marvelously intricate
machinery employed in almost every factory,
ne would thank his lucky stars that to him BELONGED
me signal honor of having benefited mankind a.
enormously:
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-01-21
NEW LIGHT ON THE AZTEC
Professor Says Montezuma MAJ Not
a King, But Merely War Chief Of
a Confederacy.

The oyerturning of traditions which
has been brought about by American
ethnologists. who by the study of Az
tee life have come to the conclusion
that Montezuma was not a king, but
only a war chleftain that the famous
Aztec empire was not on empire at all,
but only d loose confederacy of demo
critic Indian tribes, is subscribed to
by Prof. r. Il. Waterman of the Uni
versity Of California, who has just Is
sued a paper on chandeliers Contribu-
ton to the Study"
Montezumns palace" was not a pal
ace, but only wal headquarters for the
tribe, according TO Waterman. Monte
Zuma." he says, twas only an elected
war chief. He had not power TO de-
clare war, this being the prerogative OF
the tribal council. The choice of the
var chief, was, however, limited TO one
group, which consisted of Il whole fam
lily of lineage, but SOL did not follow
father unless elected. The ons of the
wal chiefs were brought up as private
citizens.
"The head war chief, such as Monte
yuma, was Of no higher rank than the
coadJutor, who held the extraordinary
Title of Snake Woman. The functions
of the maa who held this Office are not
clearly known, but apparently an i'm
portant part of his Office vas the gath
ering and housing of tribute.
misunderstanding of Aztec life has
arisen" says Waterman, "from the fact
that the Spanish conquerors did not
realize the fundamental differences be-
tween Indian and Spanish society.
Land was not owned by individuals,
but by the clan. To the Aztec society
was essentially democratic, while Span
ish society was essentially feudal."