The Chattanooga news. [volume] (Chattanooga, Tenn.) 1891-1939, 1919-07-28
STRONG DEFENSE
OF ARTICLE X
Senator Walsh Refutes Charge
That it Is Handicap to
ireland.
WARS NOT NECESSARY
Declares Covenant Guaran-
S Protection of Members
: Against External Foes.

'ashington. July 2S.-Denial that
6 icle X, of the league of nations
cnant would handicap the cause
: Irish freedom or Ak eternally the
: senate today by Senator Walsh,
emocrat, Montana, who said no lam
uage could be clearer than the ar
ticle's stipulation that members are
to protect one another from "ex-
ternal aggression"
Beyond cavil and beyond contro-
versy," he said, this limits our OBJ
legation to the cause of war by one
nation against another. 1t is a per-
fectly gratuituous assumption that
the political map of the world could
never undergo a change unless ma
sive warfare against one another.
"All South and Central America re-
volted and the independent govern
ments thereof established themselves
within the domain belonging to Spain
anu VI luBdl al tIIlt - Noulu Ia '
offered no obstacle to the transfor-
nation.
Passed Into Peaceful Purchase.
Florida, passed by peaceful pur-
chase from Spain to the United
States. Louisiana, out of which have
been carved ten great states of the
Union, was not acquired by conquest
but by purchase.
After centuries of vain effort by
England to subjugate Scotland, the
two countries coalesced. Sweden and
Norway, becoming united through
the Napoleonic wars, peaceably sepa-
rated in 1905.
Changes will continue to be
wrough. by peaceful negotiation and
internal commotion and revolution
Siberia may separate itself from
Russia. Ireland or Egypt may re-
volt" .
Referring to the assertion that out
side aid In revolution such as France
gave the American colonies would be
precluded under the article. Mr.. Walsh
continued:
This Is Twentieth Century.
The twentieth century is not the
eighteenth. If present-day notions
prevalent IN England were dominant in
the eighteenth century. there probably
would never have been any American
revolution. But / deny that but for
the aid of France we would never have
achieved independence. Under the
league it would have been impossible
for England to have employed 10000
mercenary Hessians to reduce the
colonies"
Reviewing 1reland's struggle for free
dom. including her successive aid from
Spain, France and Germany. the Mon
tana senator said:
mo single nation save the United
States is today in the same class as
military power with the British en-
pire. There must be a union of powers
against her to afford the opportunity
which it is said article ten denies to
Ireland. Are senators prepared to leave
open for fermentation another world
war on the chance of a change of gov
ernment for Ireland?
United States for ireland.
II prefer to hope that the end may
be attained some other way. If it is
said the hope is vain, reply that the
history of 700 years establishes that
the one we are said to close is no less
so. Under article ten, on the. other
hand, an independent Ireland would he
guaranteed by all the world against
attack from the outside"
Senator Walsh said the sentiment in
the United States for Irish independence
was almost unanimous. but that the
same senators who said article ten
closed the way to American aid in an
Irish revolution always added in the
same breath, that we must keep out
of the quarrels of Europe" Taking up
the Shantung provision, ne continued:
president Wilson eventually yielded
that Japan might be induced to come
into the league. But If the treaty is
rejected Shantung remains with Japan
and will remain with Japan until she
restores it to China Of her own free
will or until she is compelled to do so
pared to make war upon Japan to COM
pei the evacuation of Shantung? China
loses no territory by the treaty; she
simply does not get back what she lost
to Germany twenty-one years ago.
ChIna's Gain.
but what does China gain by article
ten? Germany has not been the only
aggressor against China. England and
France have despoiled her Russia and
Japan fought over Manchuria, a Chi
nese province"
Replying to an assertion by Senator
Reed, democrat Missouri, that should
Bulgaria invade Rumania under the
article, Am@iCan soldiers would have
to help repel the invader, Mr.! Walsh
said:
1T apparently never occurred to him
that the boys of Great Britain equally
would have to go--indeed the boys of
every part of the far-flung British en-
pire-as well as the boys of France and
Italy and Spain and Brazil and those
Of half a hundred other nations; and
that Bulgaria, in that situation, would
probably taRe counsel with herself and
profitable to submit whatever differ
ences she might have with Rumana
to the arbitratment of the executive
council of the league"