davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
AND EDUCATION
SERVICE.

z Investigations Of Negro migration to
the north during the war, just issued by
the Department of Labor, indicate that
the total migration may have been as
great as $4,000, extending over a
period Of about 1s months during 1916
and 1917. That figure is fixed as the
maximum limit, and 100000 as the
minimum limit, and the estimate of
James H. billiard, who had charge of
the inquiry, is 100000.
The movement had been under way
for a long time before any effort was
made to determine the number of Ne
groes moving north. Moreover, so many
left separately and unobserved that
complete statistics would have been i'm
practicable. The Investigator in Georgia
estimates that between $4,000 and 49,
900 Negroes left that state in 1861,
and the number to leave Alabama dur
ing the same time is estimated at $4,000.
State officials, however, made higher es-
Inmates, placing the number to leave
Georgia at $4,000, Alabama 10000 and
Mississippi 100000.
Lack Of labor in the north, due to
the cessation Of immigration, was the
principal cause, the investigators agree.
Among the causes operative in the
south to induce migration were general
dissatisfaction with conditions, the raw
ages Of the boil weevil, floods, change
of crop system, low wages, poor hous-
ing, poor schools, unsatisfactory crop
settlements, rough treatment, cruelty of
the law officers, unfairness in court pro-
cedure, lynchings, desire to travel, labor
agents, aid from Negroes in the north,
and the influence of the Negro press.
The movement of large numbers at
the same time was due largely to labor
agents, but after these initial group
Negroes kept going north in
small numbers, attracted by the letters
from their friends who had already
gone. Better wages were important
/. & EVERY Negro who made good in. the
north, started new group on the
way one of the investigators re,
ported.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
COUNCIL BLUFFS NEWS.

At the Bethel A. NJ. E. church March
12 the young people of the church give
an entertainment Wednesday night for
the boys from over sea. AS the boys
were brought to the front Of the church
Mrs. H. v. Besse played my Country,
'Tis of Thee and all standing, after
which the Rev. M. 81. Rhonenee of
fered invocation. Solos by Miss Hazel
Stewart and Miss Hazel Tunner.
Mr.. Charles F. Davis, master of ccre-
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
ror.oRED MEN APPOINTED T,
POSITIONS.

During the recent Tuskegee Negro
Conference which was held there, DR..
bradford Knapp, Chief Of the Agricul.
+ural Extension Work in the South, an.
nounced in his address the appointment
of three colored men in an advisory ca
nacity to him and also as representa-
tiyes Of the Farm Demonstration Work
among Negroes in the South
These three colored men will be
known as Field Representatives of the
United States Department Of Agricul-
ture, and include T. M. Campbell, who
will act for the Department in the work
in Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Missis-
sippi and Tennessee; J. B. Pierce, of
Hampton Institute, who will act for the
Department in the work in Virginia,
Maryland, West Virginia, Kentucky,
North Carolina and South Carolina; and
E. l.. Blackshear, of Prairie View Insti-
tute, Texas, who will represent the work
in Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana and Ar
kansas. They are to support and assist
all Negro extension work in the terri
tory allotted to them, and also to ascer-
tain and report on the general condition
of Negro farmers in this same territory.
At regular intervals these three Negro
special representatives will be called to
Washington for conferences on the var
ious aspects Of their work. The work
in each state is in cooperation With the
State Agricultural College and the
Negro Land Grant Colleges. These
three men will represent the Depart
ment in cooperation with these institu-
tions as to work with the Negro people.
The recognition which thus comes to
the Negro race from the Agricultural
Department is an outgrowth Of the idea
of having special assistants in several
of the departments at Washington. The
appointment of Mr.. Emmett j. Scott as
Special Assistant to the Secretary of
War, and the appointment of DR.. George
E. Haynes as Director of Negro Eco
in the Department of Labor,
brought the attention of the Depart
ment Of Agriculture to the necessity OF
having a representative colored man in
the same capacity.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
TO CLUB wORKERS.
Indianola, Iowa

Some time ago all clubs were rs-
quested to send $1.0O to the State Treas
urer to help meet the deficit for the
minutes.
Some clubs responded, more did not.
Will all club presidents see that their
clubs send in the money at oncef
The publisher is asking for the money
and is insisting that it be paid imme-
diately.
Martha White, Pres. I. +. G. w. G.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
II c,rsd Myself q Isbsveslle sllesls"
1.u,e..ss.alar'

lv1y s1.,.r
iys1 WMk 1uAgs
-AsverYsaS adaicsed
with chronic foush
-s should read this
remarkable history
OF 4 druggist. at.
Aicted with Tuber-
culosis. who expert
nented On himself.
ssekingl q road to
health. With his
simple treatment
any cough . racked.
tortured person
may fnd quick rs-
lief In . home treat
ment. Soothing.
pleasant; yone
may use II under
Dlain directions:
Just send name and
address On post caro-
20 ADDIL1NEl.
1895 Capital Trust
BldE-,Celnn0us bus
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21

the Grinnell orator, of Colfax; Lieu.
Campbell of Iowa City.
Lower row, beginning at left is Lieut..
Charles N. Howard, East High and
Drake University football star; Jesse
Graves did not enter the service; Lient.
"a. J. Booker of the medical detach-
.ment; Atty. s. Joe Brown (did not en-
ter the service); Lieut.. Harry Short;
Lieut.. v. L. Jones of this city, the local
undertaken, and Lieut.. f. H. Colbert of
Iowa City.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21

than it has been for you.
And now, my comrades, farewell.
Back home to those who love us and
can appreciate us most let us 60 and
take up the task where we left off with
better knowledge Of how it can be ac-
complished.
George A. Holland,
Captain 366th Infantry,
Commanding Co. A.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21

paid for their beautiful piano. This
speaks well for the faculty and pupils.
We understand they are going to fur
nish their dining room. Success to Lin
coin school.
Rev. and Mrs. A. w. Ross of Fulton,
Mo-, are visiting their parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Diggs of N. Firth st.
Mr.. Bob Penny remains on the sick
list
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
peIlean's Hablts.

The pelican is commercially regular
In his habits. The parent birds eaten
Ash. and, after eating their fill, ny TO
their young, who eat by thrusdng tneir
bills down the mothers throat anc
Teasing on the half-di2asted food.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
FAREWELL ADDRESS BY CAPT.
HOLLAND.

Farewell address to Company a Of
366th Inft, by Captain George A. Hol-
land, who was trained at the Fl. Des
Moines officers training school and who
was stationed at Camp Dodge. It is in
deed q very fine and beautiful tribute
to our soldiers:
Men Of Co. A:
This is one Of the proudest and at
the same time saddest moments of my
life. I am proud to have commanded
men who are such worthy descendants
of nlustrious warriors as were your fore
bears. You have met the greatest mill
tary machine ever designed for the con-
quest of mankind since the days of the
Roman Empire, and like your fore
fathers in those days you have assisted
in tearing it to pieces You are worthy
sons Of your sires who fought over near
ly the same ground with the Numidian
horse in the palmy days of glorious
Rome. In your veins runs the blood OF
some of the irresistible Marmedukes OF
the days of that other empire that
started out to rule the world, Napoleon.
If it is true that after death the spirits
of warriors gather around in the festive
halls Of Valhalla as German legend has
it, your ancestors are there quafing
from the golden bowls and being ac-
knowledged as the equals if not the su-
periors among the bravest Of the brave.
In Holy writ it is inscribed as the
greatest accomplishment of man that
tshe Law down his life for his friends.
You are the super.men. You have will
ingly given your al for the man who
has not always proven himself your
friend. In far too many instances ne
has poisoned sentiment in the back
areas while you defended him i'll the
! front lines He has ibeled you. Sub
mitted you to restraint that he Thought
necessary because Of his personal preJu-
dices, YOU have shown the greater man
hood, YOU have submitted because you
knew your black officers were beng
+ held responsible for your conduct WIN
out the power to ameliorate your condl-
ton. You were loyal to them because
you desired to refute the age worn lie
that you Of all the animals in creation
did not desire your own to rule you ol
command you. We, your ofhcers, SUI
fered with you and for you. Now you
are returning with not staln On W.
banner Go home resolved that the
constitution Of America is the greatest
document published by man, resolve
. that you will work with the forces that
are trying to see that it is enforced
trying to make America safe for you'
your children, your women folks. Fol
this you fought, for this you will con-
tinue to fight
America may need your strong arms
again. I will be there. You will come
back if need be and you will giadiy
join the movement or any movement
that has for It's purpose the purlilca a,
ton of our land from the many evlls y
now suffers. You will fight as you
fought the Hun, drunkenness and lts
kindred evils, you will keep yourselves
as pure as you have returned from tne
temptations of France. You will be al
asset to your community, striving Ds
your labors to give your children III.
benefits Of an education denied many o.
You. You will prepare them to face sne
great problem Of the future IN ordel le
that this world may be better for tnen
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
IOWA OFFICERS JUST RETURNED
FROM FRANCE THIS WEEK.

Reading from left to right, top row,
are Lieut.. J. B. Morris of Des Moines;
Lieut.. Hal Short, graduate from Iowa
State University; Lieut.. Walter Hutch
inson of Des Moines, formerly the
northern agent of Tuskegee; Lieut..
Harry s. Wilson of Des Moines, winner
of a distinguished service cross; Lieut..
Maceo Richmond, former football star
of Des Moines College; j. O. Redmond,
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
Try This For Sour stomach.

Try This For Sour Stomach.
Eat slowly, masticate your food thor
oughly. Eat but little meat and none
at all for supper. If you are still
troubled with sour stomach take one Of
Chamberlain IS Tablets before going TO
bed.
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21

the east and west here on account OF
the heavy rainfall. Cedar creek, three
miles from Abba, is the highest it has
been FOR years. iS
The bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-03-21
Al pleasant Physic.

When you want pleasant physie
give Chamberlain Is Tablets . trial.
They are mild and gentle in their &c.
ton and always produce pleasant
cathartic effect. III
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19

Curtis. & Co.. buy LrDorty Bonds.-Ad1
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
Irish RebeIS
PreferGerman
To Soldiers
Returned War Veterans
Find Themselves InsuIted
By Revolutionists.

ireland, July -CCorrespondence
the Associated Press)-The returned
Irish soldiers are organizing them
selves and asserting their right 10 be
heard. In Cork ii was proposed by
the local municipal music committee
to appoint as professor of traditional
Irish music German musician. There
was no personal objection to the pro-
fessor except that he was a German,
but the soldiers would not have IL.
-Four hundred of them turned out in a
body and prevented the appointment
The secretary. defending their con-
duct in the press, writes:
We are faced with a grave trouble
in the people who yesterday were
badly misled by hopes Of German vic
tories and who hav~ now taken a def
mite stand against US Without
friends on any side and left to our
own resources we ind that in our
suited Only recently a member Of
the Cork board of guardians proposed
that no demobilized soldier or sailor
get employment from that board. The
Gaelic players have seen fit to ban US
from their games. These and many
similar incidents are not likely to i'm
prove our temper.
TO understand the feelings Of our
men these people should have a heart
to heart talk with some OF. their coun-
trymen who spent three or four years
in German prison camps This is not
d time to set Irishmen flying at each
others threats over a job for a Ger
man professor.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19

can a Swift Messenger. Pm. 1521-Adv
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
CAUCASUS VAST
CHARMED HOUSE
Refugees Dying in Great
Numbers From Typhus
and Starvation.

Los Angeles, Calf, July 1s.-con-
ditions in the Russian Caucasus were
characterized as Undesirable" in a
oablegram received here from DR.. H
J. F. Main. commissioner TO that dis
trict Of Russia for the American com
mittee for Armenian and Syrian relief.
"Cn the streets OF Alexandropol on
the day Of my arrival 1872 corpses
were picked up" cabled DR.. Main.
This is far below the average per
day. One seventh Of the refugees are
dying each month The total number
OF refugees is $4,000"
Another season Of famine. said DR..
Main, is inevitable unless there is
immediate action by some compelling
power.
He continued:
The world appears to be uncon-
Ecious Of the overwhelming human
tragedy that is being enacted in the
Caucasus. The Turk and his radical
confederates are carrying forward
with growing efficiency the policy of
determination developed during the
war by the method Of starvation. Star
Walton is aided by typhus and already
cholera is developing.
-Alexandropol. a large center. and
EtchmiadZin. a small one, are typical.
IN the one are $4,000 refugees by ac-
tual census. at our bread and soup
rations; in the other are 1000. A win
ter Of exile in the Caucasus has pro-
duced a condition OF horror unpar-
alleled among the horrors Of the war"
The question Of political expedi-
ency," concluded DR.. Main, should be
forgotten in the presence OF this ca
tastroohe. These people look to
America Our government Is under
moral obligation 10 respond"
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
Harvard Puts Ban on
Honeymoon Practices

Cambridge. Mass, July Is.-Honey-
mooners il they expect to spend their
cooling hours in Harvard halls, in ad-
dition 10 pursuing their studies in
the summer school. are doomed TO
disappointment this year. The school
Tor several summers has been a mecca
for newlyweds, as the summer school
authorities offered all the comforts
OF home TO those who wished to take
the six weeks instruction at Cam
bridge
But this year no special arrange
ment has been made in Gore or Stan
dish halls for married folks. The
custom OF the past few years in re-
serving a wing for them in one OF
these halls has been given UP. The
women Of the school viii be quar-
tered in Gore hall and eat there. while
the men VIII room in Standish han
and take their meals at Smith hall.
The authorities have provided a chap
eron at Gore.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
U. S. GOVERNMENT WANTS
TENANTS FOR TWO ISLANDS

Ventura. Calf, July 19.-The gov
eminent has announced that two OF
the Channel islands, about 60 miles
off shore, are for rent and their de-
scriptions are on file in the Ventura
county court house here The islands
are Santa Barbara and San Nicolas.
The latter is at present under lease
to J. G. Rowland of Los Angeles.
San Nicolas,44 miles westward from
San Clemente, is seven and a half
miles long and has a general width
of two and a half miles. The highest
point is $50 feet. Two thirds of the
island are practically bare sand. and
the balance is covered with coarse
grass and a few catches Of scrub
oak There is a good flock OF sheep
on the island
Santa Barbara is a mile and a half
long and a mile wide. There is no
water and no grass, but plenty OF
priclzly pear shrub. This island rises
to a height of 547 feet Landing is at
ali times difficult.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19

Arms & Cycle Co.. 404 n. Oregon St
Adv.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
To Make Good On His
Promise, Holds Up Self

Wheeling, ". Va July 19.-Frank
J. Bostovis found himself in a bad
fix when his best girl pressed him for
the automobile which he promised to
buy her. Franks whole bankron was
less than S20, so he placed a gag in
his mouth, tied his wrists and lay
down on the sidewalk
To the polio eman who found him.
Bostovis told a story Of having been
robbed OF $500, just the amount Of
money needed to buy the auto for his
girl
His tale didn't sound good to the
officers and he finally confessed his
little trick.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
ISLANDERS ASK
FOR VESSELS
Porto Ricans Want Ships
to Carry Their Fruits
TO the Markets.

San Juan, Porto Rico. July 10
Correspondence of The Associated
Press Fruit growers OF Porto Rico
have asked the emergency fleet cor
poration TO equip 100 steamers as re-
frigerator ships 10 carry fruit not
only between Porto Rico and the
mainland. but between the United
States, South America and European
countries.
The fruit growers have submitted
to the corporation a memorandum
saying that each ship should nave
from 100000 to 900 cubic feet Of
refrigerator space. They assert that
last year they lost more than 100000
on their product because of insuffi-
cient tonnage and because none Of it
was equipped with even partial re-
frigeration facilities. The statement
declares that, aside from the lines
engaged in the banana carrying trade
the United States has rot more than
a dozen partly equipped insulated re-
frigerator ships
These proposed refrigerator ships.
it is urged by the fruit growers.
should have a speed OF from y to Il
knots. 1t is pointed out that few
freighters of such speed are now
afloat. The Porto Ricans argue that
shipping from the United States to
South America must pass through the
tropics. and that in doing so perish
able products carried in the holds Of
ordinary ships are delivered inYari-
ably in a partly damaged condition
They say also that refrigerator ships
are needed TO carry apples from north
Atlantic ports. such as New York.
Philadelphia and Boston TO ENGLAND
and Scotland. and that for lack Of such
ships apples now suffer loss in transit.
They estimate that the crop Of
oranges. grapefruit and pineapDles for
the coming season probably will dou-
BILE that Of last year and foresee a
heavy loss unless adequate ships Of
an insulated type are provided 10
carry these crops.
Lawn Mowers sharpened. Allen
Arms &. Cycle Co. 4O4 N Oregon St
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
By Being Disabled He
Loses Wife's affections

St Louis. July 1e-When Gus
tave F Hunicke received a shrapnei
wound in his right arm during the
Argonne drive he was not only per-
manently disabled, but he says he lost
the affections of AIRS. Alma H HUI
nicke, his war bride. against whom
he has begun suit for divorce here
Hunicke declares in his complaint
that his wife alleged she did not want
20 live with a cripple
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
Hot Suns Rays Set
His Jumpers On Fire

Kansas City, No, July 19.-Frank
Robinson, a farmer OF Oak Grove.
Jackson county, while driving his
binder in a wheat field. smelled
smoke. He got down and examined
the machine. but could find nothing
wrong. and was about to drive on
when he felt a painful sensation in
his right arm. His clothing was afire.
Investigation showed that the oil
which had soaked into his clothing
had been set afire by the hot rays
of the sun No serious damage was
done except to spoil pair Of Jumpers.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19

New quarters Floor space doubled.
Ready to care for our old customers
and the public with new stock OF
seeds. bird, dog. poultry supplies, etc
Ell PasO Seed Co.. 523 E. San Antonio
St. Just East of Court House.-Adv.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1919-07-19
BIG INCREAsE IN TAxEs.

Sacramento, Cal, July 19.-Accord-
Ing TO figures given out here by the
state board OF equalization. California
corporations viii pay in taxes the sum
OF sl9,552,O24.52, an increase of $1,S53,-
1872 over 1918.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-07-17

This decision will probably be the
last made by the War Wage Board
and will be watched with interest as
it will be of far reaching effect.
stabilizing public policies mus. be
adopted by state and federal authori-
ties for traction properties and util-
tiles generally.
They must be given rates OF fare
sufficient to pay operating expenses.
interest and dividends and a reserve
fund for capital.
The American people have every
interest In putting all utilities on a
sound financial basis where they can
meet obligations and make extension
necessary for growing communities.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-07-17
TRACTION COMPANY
PROBLEMS

High cost OF operation is the pro-
blem of street car systems and rad
zeal steps are necessary to save the
service in many cities.
One hundred practical traction
managers have been In conference on
conditions and public policies neces-
sary TO save these utilities.
The national government has ap-
pointed a speilal commission to CO.
operate with the managers of proper
ties TO save them from losses.
More than 5000 miles of electric
street car lines are in the hands OF
receivers and $50 miles have been
abandoned altogether.
The reports from all the properties
were that operating expenses have
Increased one hundred per cent in
the past two years.
January. 1917, maximum wage at
Portland was 81 cents an hour; July
1917, "a cents; October. 45 cents.
and in October 1919. so cents,
The carmen are now asking from
the war wage board so cents an
hour. an Increase IL garnted that VIII
amount to 100000 year.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-07-17
Anulo-Saxons.

The Angles, or Engles, were a peo-
pie once located In part OF the world
now known as Schleswlg- Holsteln and
who accompanied or Immediately fol-
lowed the Saxons into England. The
Angles are believed to have been the
more powerful race. for they occupied
the larger portion Of Britain. and they
gave their name TO the land. for out OF
Engle grew the word England and the
Saxons made the word Anglo-Saxon.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-07-17

Wilson Is President. wherefore we
will have over two years more ex-
perience under that law before Mr..
Wilson is very definitely RELOCATED
to his academic cloister, IL is highly
probable that these gentlemen will
experience sufficient CONJUNCTION be-
fore Republican protective tariff
law becomes operative. 1t will no
doubt silence them for some years
to come.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-07-17

assured.
Salt Lske.-silver King Consoli-
dated have resumed work ON big
spiro tunnel.
Marysvile. Potash Co.
erecting mill.
Salt Lake--Dry Gulch Irrigation
company plans big dam on tributary
of Dry Gulch creek.
Spanish Fork.-Large contract for
Utah fruit made here.
Salt Lake. Paige factory is being
enlarged.
Salt Lake.-Silver King Coalition
resumes operation.
Fair progress reported on road
from Burrville to Fish Lake.
Contracts for building of ten mile
section of state highway from Coy
ote to widtsoe in Garfield county to
be let.
ogden.-Paper products company
proposed here-pulp board boxes to
be manufactured.
Ogden.-Shirt and overall factory
to be enlarged to employ $50.
American Fork.-High grade sill
yer ore struck on property Of Pacific
Mining company.