davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-03-17

~overseers. r. J. Stewart, John Grcen.s
wood and Ell Cariveau. #S
One Of the most enjoyable events
OF the season was the drive and Wk11t'
party given by Mr.. and Mrs. q. &.
Coulter and Mr.. and, Mrs. a. Dipple.
The occasion was the birthday OF 4
two gentlemen. Progressive vas the
night hour, when q delicious lunch.
was served. Prizes were given out
10th for highest and lowest scores
About seventy guests were present.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-03-17

Former Senator Albert J.. Bever-
idge Of Indiana is out in opposition
to h league of nations. .".God for
bid that the American people ever
allow themselves to be chained to
that body of death, a permanent for
elgn political alliance. involving them
forever in historic and alien animosi-
ties, in racial and alien hatreds,'' says
Beverage.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-03-17
MALLORY NOTES

Mallory, Mimi, March 17.-Robert
Taylor of Grand Forks, lately re-
turned from France, will give a talk
on his experience overseas at the next
meeting of the Farmers club.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-03-17
FREE LECTURES.

Denver, Colo. . March 1.-THE
University of Denver has arranged to
give . series of free lectures for
working people every. Friday night
from March z to May %.
These lectures are designed to offer
university advantages to people Who
have neither time q MONEY 20
spend in colleges. They cover . va
riety Of topics. The tWelveS topics to
be discussed follow:
tThe. Pleasantne~ Of American
Life"
.The ECONOMY Of high Wages"
.Self- Cultivation."
Political Causes Of the Great
War;"
what Is suocess?".
"Manners as 9 Factor IN Human
HAppineaAs
The World II Growing Better"
"0Overnmental Emciency, in . De-
mocracy.'. 81
'sThe Spirit OF Russian Literature.
From Isolation to LoadeFship."
"Raoe Problem IN EUROPE"
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-03-17
PICTURE ALASKAN WORKERS.

Anchorage, Alaska, March 17.-Mo-
ton pictures will visualize to persons
in the United States the construction
and operating work and agricultural
activities along the roue of the gov
eminent railroad in Alaska. Nine
thousand two hundred and forty feet
Of film have been vent from Anchor
age to Washington, D. c., and after
exhibitions to administration officials,
senator's and representatives in con-
gress the film will be shown on
screens in various parts of the coun-
try.
Most Of the pictures were taken
last fall at the time Of the visit Of
E.. O.. Mccormick, chairman, and
members OF the federal commission
appointed by President Wilson to in
vestigate the resources of Alaska,
particularly along the line of the
government railroad.
The scenes depict construction and
operation Of the railroad route from
Seward to Indian river, which is $50
miles north of Anchorage include
farming development in the Matanus-
ka valley, and show coal mining at
Eska and Chtckaloon.
The sun., 1919-02-16
COLD DRINKING WATER
CUTS DOWN MILK FLOW

1t does not pay TO let cows drink
Icy cold water, because q reduction in
the milk flow is almost sure to result.
There are two main reasons for this.
In the first place every 100 pounds
Of milk contains about eighty-s seven
pounds of water; II the cows are
forced to drink cold water, which
they do not like. they will not drink
as much as they need to produce n
normal flow of milk. In the second
place much OF the food energy which
shoIld go to making milk has to be
used to warm the cold water taken
into the body and to overcome the
chill impaired to the body.
The best place to water dairy cows
in cold weather is in the barn. When
running water Is available this wa
tering can be done by installing indi-
vidual drinking cups. In this case the
water will not need to be warmed, rs
the water in pipes is not too cold.
Individual cups have the added adj
vantage Of allowing the cows TO take
small quantities at frequent intervals.
This is the recommendation of the
State College OF Agriculture.
Many farms do not have n water
system. and a tank heater may be
used. There are several different kinds
OF tank heaters on the market.
The sun., 1919-02-16
HOMEMADE ROOT BEER.

Here is the recipe you ask for for
making Aunt LizZie's root beer" l
have not thought OF this for years. but
I remember how all our family of
children and all the flocks OF children
who visited our home on the farm
enjoyed the delightful drink mother
made for us every summer.
For making fair quantities a new
wash boiler should be used. first wash
ing 1t carefully.
We children gathered wintergreen
leaves. princess pine (chimaphila UNI
bellata). the roots of sassafras, from
which the bark was peeled, and young
shoots of birch.
I don't remember the quantity OF
each component part and doubt that
the quantity was regulated other than
by the judgment resulting from ex-
perience. The barks herbs. sc, were
placed in the boiler and cold water
added. The whole was allowed to
steep n short time and finally II came
to . sharp boil. Then little soft yeast
was added and 1t was bottled hot and
corked.
a few bottles were kept on the ice
and served cold and II was n very re-
freshing drink.
Hot weather will be along before
long. and those who can get the roots
and plants from the woods may think
as we children did. that this home
made beverage was better than any
thing that could be bought.
BARNMps, y. Y. IL. H. V.
The sun., 1919-02-16

the selected onions being planted on
high land. About $50 acres of oats
and barley were grown and the bal
ance Of the farm devoted to such
crops as squash. carrots. beets. cauli-
flower, lettuce, sweet potatoes, hay and
West Essex rape. the latter used for
hog and cattle feed.
1t is the aim Of the company TO
grow pure strains Of grain for seed
purposes and to develop onions and
root crops.
Three tractors are employed. one
Moline. one Mogul and one of the
caterpillar variety. There are twenty
seven comfortable houses occupied by
persons employed on the land.
The wedding Is done by women and
children.
The squash is sold In Boston; onions
in carlots and consigned to all parts
OF the country. The yield of onions
this year was $4,000 bushels.
There Is n large storage house for
the root crops; a complete blacksmith
shop I'd garage, where all tho ma
chinef. is repaired.
The piggery is said to be one Of the
most complete in Ohio. Running
water Is supplied by engine to all
points where II Is needed.
The sun., 1919-02-16
EGGS WITH WHITE YoLKs.

one of the features Of the University
Of Missouri College OF Agriculture en-
hibit at the st. Louis Poultry Show,
was n number of eggs with white
yolks. These were produced in expert
ments conducted by the Poultry Ex-
pertinent Station at Columbia upon
the effects OF different colored feeds in
producing the yellow color in plumage
and shanks OF birds and the deep color
in yolks of eggs. 1t has been found
that the yellow pigment which gives
the color to the shanks OF birds makes
yellow yolks and causes GREATNESS in
white plumage is substance known
as xanthophyll. This is the principal
pigment of yellow corn and is also
The sun., 1919-02-16
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON PLANTS.

The attention OF botanists has lately
oeen-recalled to experiments made at
Juvisy, near Paris, by NJ. F'lammarion
on the effect of exposing the seedlings
y sensitive plants to lights OF diff
ferent colors. Having placed four
pairs OF mimosa seedlings in four sep
arate pots in n dollhouse, he covered
one pair with bell of blue glass,
another with a bell Of green glass,
third with bell Of red glass, while
the fourth was exposed TO ordinary
white light. At the end OF two months
the plants subjected to blue light were
only one inch high. having hardly
grown at all. Those exposed to white
Light were four inches high. those that
rad grown in green light were fve
inches high. while those whose light
had been red were no less than six
teen inches high. Experiments with
other kinds OF plants gave various
results, but IN every instance blue
light impeded growth and develop
ment.
The sun., 1919-02-16
wINDBREAKs FOR BEEHIvEs.

Bees which are to spend the winter
out Of doors should properly have been
packed away in their winter cases
about the middle of October. II the
hives were at that time surrounded
with at least four inches of dry pack
ing material underneath the bottom
boards. eight inches on the sides and
ten to twelve inches over the tops the
bees are not tightly clustered to keep
from freezing but are now distributed
in a loose cluster over all or nearly all
of the combs. They are not obliged to
consume much honey to maintain their
normal winter temperature of 81 de-
grees and they are nearly motionless,
as IL half asleep. AS the beekeeper
Gays. They are living slowly"
Having thus carefully provided his
bees with comfortable winter quarters.
the keeper has not yet discharged his
full duty, says Lloyd r. Watson. spe-
calist in beekeeping for the Exten-
sion Service OF Connecticut Agricul-
tural College at Storrs. He should see
to it that the hive entrance is now
contracted to a space % of an inch by
inches, or better still. to about
augur holes. each a Of an inch in
diameter. Above all, at this season
and until spring he should protect the
hives against strong winds blowing
into the entrances. The reason for
this is that the constant interchange
of cold and warm air through the en-
trance will lead away very much of the
heat OF the bees, and they must re-
place the lost heat at once. This lays
ar unnecessary burden upon them.
| whereas their energies should be so
carefully conserved that they will
emerge into the spring as young" as
possible and abundantly able to take
up the arduous duties of house clean
| ing and brood rearing.
| Hives should never face in the dl-
rection of the prevailing winter winds,
hut usually toward the south or east.
Natural windbreaks like hills, woods
or tight hedges are the best, but in
dividual and local windbreaks should
! bo improvised to meet special condi-
| tons when necessary.
The sun., 1919-02-16

stock of any kind lies vitality. Espc-
cially is this true with poultry. The
short time that the chick is in the
embryonic stage; the quick growth
which 1t makes; the comparative short
life of the chicken the immense
amount of food which 1t consumes,
digests and assimilates, and the strain
Of manufacturing and laying suf-
ficiently large number OF eggs TO
make that chicken profitable all tell
upon the constitution of the fowl.
Thus unless the poultryman uses his
very best breeding stock, and uses
good Judgment in making his matings.
and sees that vitality is coursing
through every vein he is certain to
suffer more or less loss because of this
neglect.
Don't. use immature. stock. Year
ling hens, hens which have laid dur
Ing one pullet year, are much better
breeders than pullets that are from
seven to fourteen months old. Many
good poultrymen use their best hens
until they are four years old. If there
Is an especially good breeder among
either the males or females It would
fowl at any reasonable price.
One comon fault found among
poultrymen in all sections is their in
ability to distinguish high and low
vitality, vigor and lack of vigor in
fowls. They know when a chicken is
near deaths door If afflicted with some
of the more common diseases, but IL 1t
is a fowl with a we'll marked plumage
or good shaped comb or one pos
sessing some other characteristic they
especially admire they too often over
look the long snakey head, the sunken
eye, the thin breast and other evil
dences of weakness and lack of vital
ity. 1t will pay any poultryman to
give days of careful study when it
comes to selecting the stock for his
breeding pens. Mistakes here are
costly. 1t means a seasons work lost
to say the least, and the poultryman
may never be able to recover from the
effects of mistakes in breeding made
in n single season.
Incubators are n necessity IL one
expects to raise any great quantity OF
stock. InCubators are also necessary
The sun., 1919-02-16
ADHESIVE GUM MADE FROM
C0RNC0BS.

Corncobs-a great waste product in
me worlds greatest corn producing
natlon-have been made to yield ad-
hesive gum and other useful sub
stances in quantities sufficient to con-
vince chemists of the United States
peInrtment Of Agriculture that the
VT. leus OF profitable and important
'Hulstry lies in this direction.
IN addition TO adhesive gum, ex-
er'nents have produced cellulose and
E71eose, both OF which have many COM
lheTcial uses. The glucose SO pro-
auced crystallizes we'll, and it Is be-
AeVed can he used in the same ways
IS crystalline glucose from starch.
manufacture OF alcohol by the fermen-
'aton OF corncob glucose appears
practicable II sulphuric acid is OBJ
'alnable cheaply.
10 utilize corncobs commercially
me chemists believe, a large and cost
~ plant would be necessary, and the
bureau OF Chemistry does not ad-
wise any enterprise Of the sort in war
tine.
The sun., 1919-02-16

sawdustlike material at the breaks
are the plainest signs of an infested
field.
The borer enters the ears through
the husks and also through the stem
and cob.
Holes in the stalk with sawdustlike
debris extruded indicate where the
borer Is at work.
The borer spends the winter III
corn stubble and scattered stalks.
The pest also attacks other garden
plants. weeds and larger grasses and
lives through the winter in the stalks
of these plants as we'll as in corn.
Burn all plants containing caterpil-
lars. Cornstaks, corn stubble, grasses.
weeds and stalks of garden plants
should be thus destroyed throughout
infested areas during fall, winter or
early spring. No other effective
method is known for combating this
pest.
The sun., 1919-02-16
A FOURTEEN HUNDRED ACRE
OHIO FARM.

The George 4. Howard Farming
Company owns and operates 1,4S5
acres in Lucas county. Ohio. The
farm has a frontage of about a mile
and a half on Lake Erie and includes
about $50 acres of very rich muck
deposit, rangtsDx 20 ten feet in
depth, With a clay subsoil. Ti~~L A.
ance Of the land is a rich grade Of
muck and clay.
Most OF this land was formerly
marsh, and has been redeemed by a
system OF dykes and bitches, which
accomplishes the dual purpose OF
drainage and protection from the lake.
The entire strip is surrounded by a
broad ditch. starting at the lake and
winding around the farm and dykes,
which run parallel with the lake front.
Through the centre Of the farm runs
another ditch. bisected at right angles
by a cross ditch, at the terminus of
which is maintained a large pumping
station, by which means drainage 10
accomplished during rainy seasons or
| when the water is high in the bitches.
During periods OF drought a sluice is
opened into the lake. allowing the lake
| water to flow into the bitches. and the
| amount OF humus in the soil in con-
nection with thing and small bitches
dug as occasion demands. a perfect
| system or irrigation is accomplished.
The entire property is operated by
| the company, no tenants except for
onions being employed on shares.
Last year $50 acres of wheat were
harvested. averaging 80 to ~ bushels
to the acre. About $50 acres OF corn
| 100 acres OF potatoes and leo acres OF
onions were grown. W
The onion seed from which the
onions are grown 8 an important crop
The sun., 1919-02-16
BOYS AND GIRLS LEARN AND
EARN.

BOYS and girls of New York state
working with the State leader OF ju-
nior extension at the College OF Agri-
culture made or grew products last
wear that were worth s239 526.ss. The
cost of production was $sS,6is.3s leav-
ing a net profit Of $l4O,S77.5O. These
figures are from the annual report Of
the State leader and are necessarily
estimates only.
The report shows that the work has
been greatly extended during the last
wear, cnrolments having been received
from every county in the State outside
of New York city except one. A re-
markable feature of the report as COM
pared with similar work elsewhere Is
that more than so per cent. Of the
children who started this work sue
cessfully completed it. All together
Is. O03 projects were completed out OF
81 $40 that were started. Many of the
| local leaders had to resign In the midst
| of their work in order to enter military
| service.
j In the number of these junior prof.
ects Steuben county leads the rest, FOL
| lowed in order by Duchess, ChemunE
Madison. Westchester. Chautauqua
and Rockland. The projects included
we're gardens. corn, potatoes, beans
poultry. pigs. calves sheep. rabbits
| food and clothing. BY far the largest
number of projects were those dealing
with gardens. in which about l2.oo1
boys and girls enrolled and 9,4Sl made
final reports. Food projects. carried
on mainly by girls. were next In mum
Der with 2,673. Girls also stood II
third place with 1875 clothing prof.
ects.
The other projects in order OF the
numbers were potatoes. poultry. pig
raising, calf raising, corn growing
beans. sheep and rabbits. +,
The largest margin Of profit. how
ever, came from the sixty-six rabbi,
raising projects, and In this work al
who started held on through the enc
OF the year and made reports on the
work and its results. Potato raising
gardening and sheep raising were the
next most profitable in the order given
and after that followed clothing. corn
The sun., 1919-02-16
SEAsoNABLE POULTRY ADVICE

The incubation season is now at its
height. Many people are certain to
experience poor matches and some are
going to blame the incubator when
they themselves are to blame. Back
OF the eggs in the machine may be
poor breeding stock. improper feed,
wrong methods and bad housing. in
some cases the incubator may be at
fault. but such cases are in the mi
nority.
At the very foundation Of the sue
cessful breeding and rearing Of live
The sun., 1919-02-16
MANUAL OF TREE DISEASES.

In the Manual of Tree Diseases by
Prof W. Howard Rankin of Cornell
the diseases of the more common trees
of the United States are treated. The
diseases are grouped into chapters un-
der the common name of the tree and
the chapters are arranged alphabeti-
cally. The. destructiveness and symp-
toms Of the different diseases are pre-
sented with suggestions as to control.
II takes years Of time to develop a
magnificent tree and full grown trees
are worth taking care Of. This Is the
first work to supply briefly reliable In
formation on tree diseases. Tho Mac
milan Company, New York.
The sun., 1919-02-16
CooKHoME CANNED FooDswEIL

according to the State College OF
Ntriculture recent experiments on
nome canned foods have disclosed the
posSlole presence in fruits, meats and
Vegetables Of a certain organism in
.pote form which gives of poisons
mat may be fatal to persons eating
INC canned food. Foods spoiled by the
action OF the organism are difficult for
tne housewife to detect. says the State
College Of Agriculture. The spore Is
exceedingly difficult to destroy In
canning unless ten pounds OF steam
pressure are used.
Inc danger OF poisoning from canned
ZOO containing this organism may be
overcome by boiling the food for a few
minutes after Il Is removed from the
can. By this treatment the poisonous
The sun., 1919-02-16
ApHns ON POTATOES NOT NEW.

Some time previous to 1S47 the po-
-,to crop in England suffered to such
an extent that 1t was spoken OF as a
great calamity. 1t was not known
whether the trouble was caused by
disease or insects.
DR.. Alfred Since set about to deter
mine the cause, and the results of his
Investigations were published In New
York In lS47 by Wiley & Putnam in
a volume entitled THE Potatoe Plant.
Its Uses and Properties. Together
with the Cause Of the Present
Malady."
In the introduction DR.. Since says:
with regard TO animal parasites, we
discover one particular aphis which
comes before any part Of the plant ex
h!bits the malady. But here, again,
in the potatoe plant. we have other
sources OF error. A diseased plant
,ropagates its disease; hence we must
prove previous health before we can
show that the insect comes before the
disease.
I'VE then look about other plants
md find that they are also attacked
ly the same aphis, and that when
they are so attacked the same effects
are manifested. The mode Of death is
also precisely similar in these plants
TO that in the potatoe; for. in all cases
the collar OF the plant becomes swollen
with watery matter and dies; and
thus the root is separated from the
leaf and the entire plant perishes.
I'm all these cases the vastator (the
name DR.. Since gives to the aphis on
the potato) is the antecedent, and the
death Of the plant the consequent Of
The malady. We desire naturally to
inquire whether this injurious action
is confined to one species OF aphis, and
we find large trees destroyed and other
useful crops annihilated by other
species.
Here we have our argument
strengthened by analogical cases; but
we are naturally led to inquire why
this creature should do this mischief,
PARTICULARLY at the present time, and
the answer at once is that there is u
preternatural abundance OF these crea-
lures. II we search historical records
we ind that insects are very prone tc
assume these periodic multitudinous
appearances, and what is most strange
is that they almost totally disappear
between the times OF their occurrence
II have proved unquestionably and
beyond n doubt that the vastator Is
the cause OF the present disease in the
potatoe plant; that 1t is also the cause
u the present disease among various
other plants: that 1t is like all other
aphides in It's destructive character
and, lastly, that the preternatural ap.
pearance Of insects is. and has been. g
common and universally known fact
from the earliest ages"
Very little information has been
brought out regarding these trouble
some little insects in addition to what
DR.. Since published. 1t has since beer
discovered that the aphis is destroyed
by contact spray, tobacco water &c.
but DIR. Since reported the fact tina
heavy showers cleared the plants o
Ice.
The book Is interesting and SOM
time 1t may be possible to give a con
densation OF It here.
The sun., 1919-02-16

found in green food and most other
feed stuffs. BY feeding a ration free
from xanthophyll Prof. Kempster has
been able to produce Leghorn pullets
and cockereis with perfectly white
shanks, beaks, earlobes and plumage.
These pullets fed on the white ration
lay eggs without any color in the
yolks.
After knowing the results Of the ex-
pertinent poultry fanciers will realize
the Importance of reducing the amount
Of pigments in the rations fed to white
birds intended for the show. Egg pro-
ducers will see the advantage OF feed
ing yellow corn and other feeds rich in
color to laying hens. to produce the
deep colored yolks desired in market
eggs -. =.
The sun., 1919-02-16
EUROPEAN CORN B0RER.

The European corn borer is the cat
erpillar of a small moth.
The moths lay their eggs In fat
masses on the under sides of the corn
leaves.
The caterpillars hatch from these
eggs and feed at first on the leaves,
but soon bore into the tassels, the
stalk, the leafribs and the ears.
They live in tho stalks ali winter
and in the spring change to reddish
brown pupe. which soon transform
again to moths.
Broken tassels with EXTENSIONS of
The sun., 1919-02-16

substance. which is very unstable, is
broken up.
No canned food that has a slight
odor similar to that OF rancid butter
should be even tasted before It is
boiled. II the spoiled odor is still
present after cooking the food should
not be used.
When foods are canned by ten
pounds Of steam pressure for a SUM-
cient length OF time the organism Is
destroyed.
The sun., 1919-02-16

if II is expected to get off any large
quantity of early chicks. Also remem-
Der that it does not pay to set tho
first Of the hens that go broody. These
have been the winter layers when eggs
are high. To set these hens is Matching
from too many females that waited
until spring before they started to lay.
Get busy and make 1919 the banner
year for poultry in America.-T. T..
Quisenberry.
The sun., 1919-02-16
A GOOD GRAVEL WALK.

To make good gravel walk first
dig a deep trench the full width OF the
walk. Fill up the first, or bottom,
~ inches of the trench, with stones,
including those found in digging 1t.
On this have a layer OF ashes TO -
inches deep when well rolled. Finish
off with about 8 inches of gravel,
shaped so as to give a rounded sur
face, highest in the centre,