davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-07-06

put I'D rates. Everything that rail-
road buys has gone up. and there
must be an advance in the price OF
what It has to sell. II the French rail-
road managers would introduce some
kind Of efficiency, II they would learn
to do some things in the way they
have seen them done under American
and English direction. their position
would be much easier. l think after
the Americans and English have gone
home the French will introduce bet
ter system, but they dislike to do that
under the eyes of the foreigners.
in England an extraordinary
happy arrangement was made at the
very outbreak Of the war. The Brit
ish Government took over 50 per cent.
of the railroad lines, guaranteeing
them the same net return as they
made in 1918. The Government allows
the same amount to be spent on up
keep and charged to operating ex-
penses as was spent In 1913. plus 20
per cent, the 20 per cent being al
lowed to cover the increased cost Of
material and labor. There was so
much difficulty in getting labor that
one million pounds of this upkeep
fund is unexpended.
THE passenger rates in England
were increased so per cent, not so
much to get additional revenue as to
prevent travel. Freight rates were
not materially raised. Much traffic
that had formerly moved by water
had to be moved by rail- and this made
new tariffs necessary and increased
the business of the railroads. There
was formed a railroad executive COM
mittee, made up of eleven or twelve
managers. The President of the Board
of Trade was the nominal head. but
he was not active. No conclusion was
put into force without the unanimous
consent OF this executive committee.
They were broad minded in their at
titude and did not hamper the Govern
ment, and the result Is that there has
been built up no controversy between
the Government and the manages.
I'm an unguarded moment, the Gov
eminent promised the unions that II
would alphabetically consider an
eight hour day. With the armistice
the unions Immediately came forward
and demanded an eight hour day al
once. Lloyd George. Sir Albert Auck-
land, Stanley Geddes and Sir Herbert
Walker all made promises before cleo
ton that are now difficult to carry out
During the war hours ranged from
ten or twelve a day, and some
times there We're oaseA Of man work
The sun., 1919-07-06
CHAPTER II.
TRANSPORTATION,


II there were nothing else the
matter with Europe except the break
down of railway transportation, most
OF the European nations would still
be facing a problem OF gigantic pro-
portions, the early settlement of which
is not only essential to the resumption
OF industrial life but is actually es-
sential to maintaining life itself in
some of the large centres. Hundreds
OF thousands OF people have starved
to death in the last twelve months In
Europe. I am not using figures as II
Is said Lloyd George does merely as
adjecrives. There is competent au-
thority for such a statement.
This terrible catastrophe has only
in part been caused by lack of food
In an important measure the disaster
was directly traceable to the break
down In transportation, to the physical
inability to move stores of existing
food into localities where people were
) dying of starvation. At one time
there were a hundred unloaded cargoes
of food In the harbor of Marseilles
held there because preceding cargoes
were blocking the lines of trans
portation
The railroads OF Spain were, on the
whole, In much better condition thar
I expected to find them. In France
the system has wonderfully stood the
test Of the enormous movement which
has been imposed upon II, But equip
ment is deficient, and much of It un.
believably ancient Added to that 1,
| tho inaffactuaI auatap, ~ bao dItn. A.,
The sun., 1919-07-06
Commander of Atlantic Fleet Wins Post Through Merit
Success in Conveying American Troops Bears Evidence
of His Able Work in Great War-Honored by Allies as
Well as at Home Modesty Leads Him to Dodge Glory

I'VE have now to add only that Ad"
miral Wilson's frankness matches his
modesty, and 1t is obvious that his
courage is not OF that kind which re-
quires the stimulation Of battle 70
bring 1t to the surface"
For several months after the sign
ing of the armistice Admiral Wilson
continued his work in France. He re-
turned home on the U. s. 8. New
Mexico as she escorted President Will
son home on the George washington
when he returned from France in
February. Upon his arrival here he
was assigned to the command Of Bat
The sun., 1919-07-06

and 1t is known there was at the time
every reason to believe that the re-
port reaching Brest was official. AS
soon as 1t became apparent that such
was not the case Admiral Wilson is
sued a terse statement Of sixty-nine
words absolutely generating the news
association and taking the full burden
Of responsibility on himself, without
further explanation or excuse.
In this statement Admiral Wilson
said:
The statement of the United Press
relative to the signing of the armistice
was made public from my office on
The sun., 1919-07-06
Admiral Wilson'S Twenty-Five Years Service Marked by
Skill Energy and Courage Which Is Not the Kind
That Requires the Stimulation of Battle

navy. both in gunnery and in seaman
ship in general.
During the intervals Of duty and
command at sea Admiral Wilson had
several important posts ashore. While
in general charge of recruiting at the
office Of the Bureau Of Navigation in
Washington he introduced new meth
DDS Of securing men. He placed the
whole work of recruiting men and Of
handling the enlisted personnel on q
businesslike basis, q basis which,
though It since has been expanded to
meet the increased needs Of the navy,
In still tho rule in navy recruiting
The sun., 1919-07-06

thorities was necessary. While Adj
miral Wilson handled his own forces
with great skill and energy, his CO.
operation was so complete and friendly
as to win. not only the respect, but
the love Of the French.
In August, 1918, when President
Wilson considered the activities OF the
commanding officers in the war zone
with a view to rewarding those Of ex-
ceptional merit, Rear Admiral Will
sons work attracted his particular
attention and he was promoted to
vice-Admiral. Later President Poin-
care of France visited Admiral VIII
The sun., 1919-07-06
By RICHARD WATKINS.

Tor precisely the same reason
r that Admiral Henry Braid
Wilson is practically unknown
to the public. his blue nag with four
white stars now flies from the main
truck a the great dreadnought Penn
sylvania, flagship Of the Atlantic feet.
Aeemiral Wilson had. up to the time
he stepped aboard the grim, gray
flagship as commander in chief of the
Atlantic feet, eluded to some extent
The sun., 1919-07-06

the fierce light of publicity. The
reason for this is that the navy is a
great fighting machine and Admiral
Wilson, from the time he entered An
hapolis to last Monday when he as
sumed the most important post a
naval officer afloat may aspire to, has
been so efficient a part that the great
mass of the people ashore never heard
Of him. In the great navy machine,
rs in all machines, 1t is the part that
breaks down that attracts attention.
Within the navy. among the officers
and gobs afioat from New York Bay
TO the China station and among the
bureau chiefs in Washington, however
the name OF Admiral Wilson is well
known. His elevation to the highest
command afoat, less than three years
after he became a flag officer, is a
matter Of real satisfaction, a proof
that the best man wins without feal
pr favor.
'Afioat or on the beach," one naval
officer who has closely watched the
career Of Admiral Wilson said re-
gently in explaining his promotion to
The rank of Admiral: Wilson has the
knack Of doing things Just a little bit
better than the next man. He nevef
has had a spectacular chance. an OPP
portunity to do anything startling, but
despite this misfortune he has gone
right ahead simply by doing the
routine and every other sort of work
that was put up to him."
PatroIIed Troops to Safety.
For the benefit of the uninitiated,
"the beach," in the language of the
navy, includes everything which is
not safely and naturally afioat on the
ocean. The Capitol and navy offices
in Washington. New York's far famed
sky line. and thee Grand Canyon are
all ION the beach" as far as the navy
is concerned.
If few American transports ap-
preaching the coast of France, loaded
beyond the limits of safety with thou
sands OF soldiers in the days when a
single company might mean the diff.
ference between the fall and the saw.
ing OF Paris. IL q few OF those crowded
ships had been torpedoed the people
OF the United States, and indeed, OF
the world, might have heard OF Ad.
miral Wilson. 1t was his duty II
guard these transports with his patro
ships. But he was not heard Of, fol
though his craft were sunk and hi
men died, so we'll were the troopship!
guarded that not soldier lost his lif.
when under the protection OF Admira
Wilson's force.
Admiral Wilson was born in Cam
den, N. j.. February 20. 1861, ant
when a youngster OF 16 entered tn,
Naval Academy at Annapolis to b
drilled. reprimanded. educated ant
taught to obey. like hundreds OF othe
boys, until four years later he was con
sidered strong enough to be his owl
master and therefore fit to comman,
others. Then followed the usual world
wandering and slow promotion b.
seniority OF an officer of the Unite,
States Navy. the swing from Atlantis
TO Pacific. from Occident to Orient ant
from torrid to frigid zones. In thos
days advancement for even the mos
skilled officers crawled with weighte,
feet. For nearly ten years. from 1888
Star1ss4 yoS2& Wilson. then an ensign
Waite1 patiently another hal
stripe OF gold and finally he got Z
reaching the rank OF Lieutenant
Junior grade some seventeen year
after he first entered the Nava
Aeadsmh A--YeaS or % betarS II
The sun., 1919-07-06
Continued from First Pooe.

long as there are. here and there,
plague centres in which idleness, lack
of production. disorganized transporta-
ton, want and hunger make a breed
Ing ground for the Bolshevik microbe.
The sun., 1919-07-06

SIS s? HeS sS 1 Ssg Sc 4g sE7szer
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
PLAN TO RID j. S.
Of BOLSHEVSM
NO. 6.

NEW YORK. Jan. T.-Conyinced
that the spread Of bolshevism in the
United States has become. in a meas
ure, a menace to the free institutions
OF the country, the officials OF the
Department OF Justice are preparing
to take radical steps to stamp out
the evil.
A who's Who Among the Soviets,
comprising the names of more than
1000 men who are regarded as leaders
in the movement, already has been
compiled under the direction OF Fred
J. Haggerson, the new head of the
local bureau, and special agents have
been assigned TO look up their records
and citizenship, with a view TO deter
mining who among them may be de-
ported.
The announcement Of DR.. Frederick
A Blossom, of the j. W. W, that there
were 5000 soviet supporters on this
caused no surprise to the
department officials, for they place
the number Of persons who have been
infected with Bolshevik sympathies
at many times that number.
They declare that the |. w. W. the
anarchists, the Russian BOlsheviki
and other radical groups of the United
States, have at last found a common
meeting ground. through the soviets.
and that their purpose is to split the
American Federation of Labor and
the Socialist party. drawing into their
groups of workers the more radical
element OF both of the older organiza-
lions
The Washington times., 1919-01-07

opinion of Beeler that free transfers
at all points likely to be ordered BY
the commission will mean loss or
only $50, 900 q year TO his company.
He did not believe he said, Mr..
Beeler had taken into consideration
the fact that thousands of people
now pay two fares in making trans
fers. He was confident, from his
knowledge of the railway situation
in Washington, that the net losses
in revenue would be at least $4,000
and probably SEQ, 900.
Not only that, but the cost OF oper-
alton would increase because trans
fers would mean more facilities and
more cars, bringing about a further
loss from increased cost of operation.
He declared that the financial losses
from transfers. would wipe out sur
plus and be an exceedingly important
item in the financial affairs of the
company. These views were expressed
en- 80 Information OF the commission,
he said.
Ta6Ing up the four points to which
his company objected to transfers as
threatening serious congestion and
disturbance to traffic, Mr.. Hanna re-
The Washington times., 1919-01-07

ferred to the walking" transfer at
seventeenth street and Pennsylvania
avenue. from Il and Seventeenth. He
said that all the cars OF his company
running to Potomac Park are crowd
ed to the limit in rush hours, so much
so that they often carry as high as
ia passengers, when the limit should
he 20 TO prevent discomfort The
walking" transfer would add a bur
den to the congestion that could not
well be measured, he said.
In CrOss-ExamIaed.
After concluding his direct testi-
mony, Mr.. Hanna was subjected to
many pointed questions by Conrad
Syme, counsel OF the commission, and
others among those present, includ-
ing William NICK. Clayton, represent
ing the Federation Of Citizens Asso
Citations. The throng of people pres
ent took considerable delight in ques-
tions that apparently resulted in in
consistency Of answers. Many times
during the testimony there was
laughter. and cheers. the crowd APP
pearinE to be wholly in accord with
the public demand for transfers and
to pay little heed to the warning of
possible financial embarrassment
Mr.. Clayton could not see the con
sistency of Mr.. Hanna's statement
that congested cars mean loss TO the
company as contrasted with the
statement, also made by him, that
reduced population and reduced NUM-
Der of passengers per car also mean
loss. The auditors seemed to think
that Mr.. Clayton, who quizzed Mr..
Hanna very carefully, had much the
better Of the contest between them.
Chairman Kutz aud Commissioner
Brownlow both asked Mr.. Hanna
about reported loss OF revenues
through the failure OF some con.
ductors to ring up all the fares paid
them. Mr.. Hanna said he did not
wish to discuss this phase Of the.
matter.
The commission has Ately received
many communications rom citizens
that they have repeatedly seen cars
full OF passengers and only about
half the number aboard accounted for
by the cash registers.
One man present at the hearing to-
day was prepared to testify that he
had heard a conductor say that he
made IS q day over and above his
wages by failure to register fares.
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
SOLONS FIGHT PLAN
TOFEED EUROPE

Bitter opposition to the recon-
mendation Of President Wilson for
an appropriation of $IOO.0OO,OO0 for
relief work in Europe outside OF Ger
many has sprung up in both houses
Of Congress. While the appropria-
ton will probably be forced to pass
age, it has aroused antagonism OF
many Democrats as well as Repub-
licans. who are becoming more and
more FESTIVE over the demands for
huge outlay OF funds in spite OF the
fact the war is over.
The Presidents proposal narrowly
failed OF defeat in the House Appro-
priationS Committee yesterday after
noon. The vote was tie. until Chair
man Sherley came to the rescue and
managed to get the measure reported
out by the slim margin OF one. The
House, which now takes up the meas
ure, is split and the lines Of division
arc nOn-partisan. Were 1t not that
certain Democratic elements can be
relied on to vote for what the Presi-
dent recommends no matter what IL
is, the appropriation would fall by
the wayside. Opposition has also
cropped out in the Senate Appropria-
Partly the opposition is due to the
growing apprehension and uneasinsss
over the mounting expenditures for Lhe
balance OF this fiscal year and for
next fiscal year. But this is not the
only basis of opposition.
Widespread feeling that the effect OF
this expenditure is going to be to ac-
centuate the already rampant profteer-
ing in foodstuffs in this country is a
strong reason for the fight against the
appropriation. 1t is pointed out that
this money will be used largely for
purchase OF foodstuffs produced in this
country, that il will afford chance for
large sales to the packers, millers and
a few other big foOd-handling interests.
and that such sales will tend to in
crease the level Of food prices in this
country.
Thus the American people will have
to pay taxes to meet the S10O.OO0OOO.
and then will have to pay large toll in
the form OF higher prices for what
they eat. Meantime. profteering food
dealers will reap that much more
benefit, and Congress is being urged
to deal gently with the corporations
that have reaped large war profits and
excess profits when 1t comes TO taxa
ton -.--1
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
BURNED
BY GAS EXPLOSION

HAGERsToWN, Nd, Jan. Gas
accumulated in a fire cistern here ak
plOded when David Cramer, a city
employee, climbed down a ladder into
the cistern and struck a match to get
his bearings. Cramer and the ladder
were blown into the air, the ladder
going over the telephone wires In
bits. CrameF fell twenty feet away
in flames and was saved from being
burned to death by two pedestrians.
Nearly all of his clothing was burn
ed or torn of.
John w. Davis, another workman,
was badly burned about the head and
face. Cramer's injuries are serious.
The explosion rocked houses for a
square and besides wrecking the els.
tern made an opening in the street
and pavement large enough to put
several automobiles in.
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
NAY AGAIN ISSUE
FAIR PRICEL

Because OF increased prices in foot
stuffs in Washington, noticesbly egEs
and butter. the weekly fair price liz.
OF the District Food administrator
may be resumed.
Clarence r. Wilson, local food chief.
today announced that a strict watch
Is being maintained on the fluctuation
Of food prices In the District
Reports turned IN BY food insDee-
tors Indicate that there Is a tendency
on the part 90 some dealers 70 raiss
prices generally" said Mr. Wilson
This condition is not Justified. ane
restoration OF the fair price list NAV
result
Most Dealers Fair.
"The fair price list was discontinued
to give all District food dealers an op-
pOrtunity to Voluntarily comply with
the reasonable price plan. Most %
the dealers in Washington have lived
up to expectation. Some have not
Many fair dealers favor the resump-
ton OF the fair price list. II other re-
tailers and wholesalers boost food
prices. They take this stand, they de-
clare, to protect themselves as well a.
the consumer"
Several grocers and butchers have
been ordered TO appear before the
District food administrator Wednes-
day to answer the charge OF extorting
excessive profits from the consumer.
Told to he Courteous.
Two hearings were held before the
District food administration yester-
day.
During the first hearing. fourtssn
o street dealers were told by ciar-
ence r. Wilson. food adminlstrator.
that they must treat his inspectors
with more courtesy.
The dealers refused, On several IN
stances. TO furnish their price lists
to the inspectors. the food adminis
traitor said
The food regulations proVids for
one years Imprisonment. or q $1,000
fine or both. for this particular In
fraction OF the law" Mr.. W1son told
the food men.
Ten grocers were summoned from
various parts OF the city 70 explain
their failure to observe the fair price
list. since discontinued. The dealers
were all let off with a warning.
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
ADVERTISEMENT
Says Doctor Who Preseribes PhOS
phOrated Malt for weak, Tired,
CareWOrn, Nervous, Anae-
nIic, Rundown People.


Look at the people with plenty of
phosphorus in them! says Dr. Reid; full
OF vitality, alert. active wide-awake,-
alive. in every nerve and fibre,-quick
to act and always sure OF themselves.
They are the leaders Of every com
and profession, magnetic, attractive
people who do things, achieve success
and get life's highest rewards.
Without phosphorus, good health is
impossible. Your nerves and brain
need IL like your body needs food. 1t
strengthens and vitaliZes every nerve
and organ Of the human body. Why,
without il even plants will not grow
and soil becomes poor and unproduc-
tivei Nature has made II necessary
part of all life, both vegetable and
animal, yet most OF US exhaust our
phosphorus supply and do nothing to
replenish il so that more phosphorus
is a common need OF both men and
women though few realize it. People
in need OF phosphorus often think that
stomach, liver or kidneys are making
them sick, weak, nervous and run
down when all they need Is a little
more phosphorus TO tone up the ner-
vOus system and give strength and
VigOr to the body.
When people come to me nervous,
rundown ard irritable, I invariably
prescribe ordinary phosphorated malt
and l have seen it double endurance
and mental activity in less than ten
days time and in Hqmberless cases
where nothing else had proved to be
Of real value. ! have seen phosphorat-
ed malt bring roses to the cheeks of
pale, nervous oVerWorked women and
the crimson blood of health and a
smile OF happiness to the faces OF
children recovering from illness OF
long duration. g. Recently q patient
came to me on the verge OF mental
collapse. He found no pleasure in life,
his daily work had. become drudgery,
The Washington times., 1919-01-07
STREET CARS TIED
UP AT RUSH HOURS

Traffic on all lines OF the Washing
ton Railway and Electric Company
was held up for thirty minutes dur
ing the rush hour this morning, and
electric lights and elevators in the
eity's largest office buildings tenn
porarily put out of commission by
generator trouble in the Benning
electric station.
Officials OF the railway company
said that a generator in the station
at Benning went out of commission
at $3.50 o'clock. All the city's electric
power supplied by this station was
cut OF.
walk to work.
Thousands Of Government employees
and office workers were compelled TO
walk to work Congestion on the
lines OF the Capital Traction Company
resulted from workers docking to
these cars 20 ride to work.
Elevators in the big office build
ings ceased to function just as the ad-
vance guard Of the city's office work
ers reported for work. They were
out OF order until the electric trouble
was patched up at the station a few
minutes before o'clock.
Feeder trouble caused the tie-up
according to railway officials. They
said feeder" trouble was a break
down in the main generator at the
Bennings station.
Two other TIe-Ups.
Previous to the rush hour tle-up.
traffic on the Mt. Pleasant line was
halted shortly after : o'clock mis-
was due to some local trouble, Of
fcials explained, such as a broken
plow. or the contraction Of the con
ductor bar underground, due to the
cold weather. When this bar con-
tracts the current to the cars is cut
on
Another tie-up Of traffic occurred
on the Eleventh street line about
$50 o'clock, IL was reported. This
time cars were held up for several
minutes while some minor trouble
was being remedied.
This mornings general tie-up was
the second time in twenty-four hours
that the city's transportation system
was bungled and a part OF the Ma
tional Capital thrown into darkness
by the shutting OF Of power. Short
Iy after 8 o'clock last night a gener-
ator at the Benning Station broke
down. Cars were tied up for nearly
half an hour.