davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
d. C. Van Camp transacted business
at Grey Eagle Saturday.

| D. C. Van Camp transacted business
at Grey Eagle Saturday.
Caruso says, Victrola processes are
far superior. Fair Store.-adv.
| Henry Hedin of St. Paul spent the
week end with his parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. l.. Hedin.
Miss Mable Bean arrived Friday to
visit her mother, Mrs. Martha Bean
for few days.
Mrs. Linda Bowman of Westport
spent Easter in this city visiting rela-
tives and friends.
The w. R. C. will meet on Saturday
afternoon, April 26, at the B. R.
Palmer Post rooms.
Misses Emma and Mary Streitz
spent Saturday with their aunt, Mrs.
Proell at Spaulding.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jos. Rogers left Sun
day for Dubuque, Ia, to visit few
days with his parents.
Miss Luella Steiner returned Satur-
day from Long Prairie where she
visited friends for a few days.
Miss Florence Vogel returned Fri
day from Minneapolis where she had
been visiting for several days.
Miss Tilda Stolsmo of Long Prairie
arrived Friday to spend her vavation
with her sister, Mrs. G. Berg.
Miss Mathilda Forsberg of Fargo
arrived Thursday to spend her vaca-
ton with her parents in this city.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Sauer were
very pleasantly surprised !: Monday
evening by number Of their relatives
and friends at the home Iof their
daughter, Mrs. Mathew Nathe, it be-
ing the occasion of their fortieth
wedding anniversary. Dinner was
served at six o'clock, Mrs. Nathe be-
ing assisted by Mrs. J. B. Mondloch
and Miss Thresa Sauer. The out of
town guests were: Mr.. and Mrs. John
Sauer and John Kinzer of Cold Spring
and Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Kinzer of
Watkins: The evening Was very pleas
antly spent in recalling happenings of
former days. Afterwards the party
escorted the guests Of honor to their.
home and presented them with a
beautiful chandler as token of their.
affection.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24


Mr.. and Mrs. C. w. Rotert spent
Easter in Minneapolis with relatives.
! Miss Hulda Anderson spent Friday
and Saturday in Grey Eagle visiting
friends.
Mrs. E. Simpson of Westport spent
Monday in Sank Centre visiting with
friends.
Miss Kane of Minneapolis spent the
week end with her friend, Miss Olive
Minette.
Miss Bessie Sohle of Minneapolis
spent the week end with her parents
in this city.
Mrs. Chas. Marshall spent Saturday
with her daughter, Mrs. John Hanson,
of st. Cloud.
Miss Edith Rowland of Westport
spent the week end with Miss Made
line Kinsella. -s
Dance Monday night, April %,
at the West Union hall. Everybody
| welcome. adv-pd
GET YOUR OLD TIRES VULCAN
| lied THE RIGHT WAY AT THE
O'GARA HARDWARE STORE. ad
Mrs. Gustav Miller Grey Eagle ar
rived Wednesday to visit with Mrs. E..
E. Thompson, returning this morning.
Miss Pearl Gray, who teaches at
Foley, arrived Thursday and is spend
ing her vacation with relatives and
friends.
j. Mr.. and Mrs. Clifford Foslein of
Alexandria spent Easter in this city
with his parents, Mr.: and Mrs. c. K.
Eoslein. ="
( Mrs. VIM. Walling returned Monday
to Minneapolis after visiting her
mother, Mrs. P. w. Schiek for couple
Of weeks.
]. MR.. AUTOMOBILE OWNER,
TAKE YOUR STORAGE BATTER
IES TO THE SAUK CENTRE BAT
cry CO.-adv 49,
: Misses Addie Dobbs and Lucille
Bishop have completed successful
term of school at Clarissa, arriving
home Saturday.
( Miss Leone Wakefield, who teaches
at Paynesville arrived Friday to. visit
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. L. Wake
field for few days.
Henry Hoffman returned Saturday
from the Great Lake Training Station
having received an honorable dis
charge from the navy.
Miss Jennie Hedin of Alexandria
arrived Thursday to visit her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. l.. Hedin, returning to
her school duties Sunday.
Miss Hazel Rosenberger, who teach
es at Burtrum spent Easter with her
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. J. F. Rosen-
berger and other friends.
Frank Schwartz returned to Malta,
Mont, Friday having been called here
because of the death Of his brother,
the late Henry Schwartz. Ho I'D ~
Miss Elsie Hansen, who teaches at
Pelican Rapids, arrived Thursday to
spend her vacation with her parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. S.. P. Hansen. .,..;.sSc.t
Mrs. H. G. Stenderson and son of
Sebeka spent Wednesday and today
with Mr.. and Mrs. H. G. Wakefield
and family enroute to Excelsior.
Miss Agnes Buckley, who teaches at
Swanville, spent Easter with her
mother, Mrs. Mary Buckley. She was
accompanied by two of the teachers
of Swanville, the Misses Penrod and
Spritzer.
Miss Virginia Donart arrived home
Sunday from st Paul, where she visit
ed relatives and friends the past week.
Miss Donart left here nearly two
years ago, leaving for Chicago, where
she lived with her uncle and aunt, Mr..
and Mrs. Harry Lessen for year
and then attended business college at
Winona, Mimi, for the past seven
months.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
= JOHN sCHWMGER's
Music. Studio

Having decided to open a Music
Studio in the City Of Sank Centre I
take this means Of informing the pub
lie. Long years of study and expert
ence in this line of work has put me
in position where am sure to sat
isfy.
Instructions given on all wind in
struments, also on violin; the best and
latest methods being used.
LIBERAL TERMS.
For further information inquire at
the Herald office.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
NOTICE.

Having been appointed State
Lecturer of the American Women's
Hospital during their drive for medi-
cal aid for Serbia, lecture dates will
keep me out of town for a week. My
office will therefore be closed until
May frst.-Dr. Ida M. Alexander. ad
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
NOTICE TO THE FARMERS.

The Sank Centre Farmers Shipping
Association will ship next Tuesday,
April 20. List your stock as early as
possible. We also handle Starbuck
flour, feed, salt and coal.
adv Max Gamradt, Mgr.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24

Miss Lois Reed, who teaches at
Garfield came down Friday to visit
relatives and friends for a few days.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
May books are here. Fair Store. ad

May books are here. Fair Store. ad
Miss Goodsell is spending this after,
noon in St. Cloud with friends.
Miss Mae Evans spent the week
end with her parents in Alexandria.
Mrs. John Hanson of st. Cloud spent
the week end with relatives anc
friends in Sank Centre.
Basil Clark of Havre Mont, spent
Thursday and Friday with his parents
Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. Clark.
Mrs. Lawrence Halverson and baby
of Battle Lake, is visiting her parents
Mr.. and Mrs. F. E. Dodge.
Mrs. Mable Mcclure of Mortified
spent the week end with relatives and
her many friends in this city.
Miss Barbara Bauer of st. Cloud
spent Saturday in this city visiting
friends, enroute to Long Prairie.
Miss Antonio Barkhofer of. Alex
andria spent Tuesday and Wednesday
visiting her friend Miss Kitty Coyle.
Miss Alice Cass of Fargo arrived
| Thursday to visit her parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. o. S. Cass, returning Monday.
HAVE YOUR STORAGE BAT
TERIES TAKEN CARE OF AT THE
SAUK GENRE BATTERY CO.-adv
Dwight Hansen and Virgil Gal
braith spent Friday at SWanville visit
ing friends, also attending to business
matters.
SAVE MONEY BY GETTING
YOUR OLD TIRES 'VULCANIZED
AT THE O'GARA HARDWARE
STORE.-adv. -. -;
The next dance by the RAIDER
Orchestra will be at the Sank Centre
City all, Friday evening, May second.
Wait for it-adv 47-48
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Peterson and
daughter, Miss Irma, Of Long Prairie
spent Easter Sunday in this city with
relatives and friends. i"
Louis Pulto of Long Prairie spent
few hours in this city Friday en-
route to St. Cloud for an Easter visit
with friends and relatives.
Little Vera Sparkes entertained
fifteen of her little friends Monday
afternoon. The occasion being her
sixth birthday anniversary.
Miss Jessie Buckley, who teaches at
Grey Eagle, returned Sunday, after
spending her spring vacation with her
mother, Mrs. Mary Buckley.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. T. Watson and
daughter, Marguerite motored from
St. Cloud Sunday and spent the day
with Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Scott.
Misses Merlin and Nell Wakefield
arrived Friday from Minneapolis and
are spending their vacation with rela-
tives and friends in this city. ..
Mr.. and Mrs. C. K. Foslein and son
Kenneth went to Anoka tuesday,
where Mrs. Foslein will consult a
doctor in regard to her health. j +.
See John Genow for moving and
raising buildings, pastering, mason
and well work. Residence three pl0chs
west OF BLACKSMITH oiiop' ~
Mrs. Walter Knapp returned Friday
to her home at Milwaukee, having
been called here for the funeral OF hef
brother, the late Henry Schwartz
Mrs Ernest Woodbridge of Mime
anolis and Miss Nina Vogel OF Koch
ester arrived Monday to visit couple
of weeks with their father. JOS. Vogei.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Kinsella ana
con Dean went to st Cloud Wednesday
to visit a few days. They will then
on to St. Paul for two weeks Vlslt
With relatives and friends.
Miss Emma Chelgren, formerly a
teacher in the Junior High Scnool,
snent a few days this week vlsitlng
her cousin, Miss Chelgren, enroute 70
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
Church Notes
Methodist Episcopal Church.
E. E. Thompson, Pastor

The services in the Methodist
Episcopal church for next Sunday are
as follows: Divine worship and COM
munion at 1920; Sunday school at
11:45 and the Epworth League service
at TOO. There will be no preaching
service in the Methodist church in the
evening, but the monthly union service
will be held in the Congregational
church at 1880. All are cordially in
vited. =, '@ :s@ -. i
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
Church of the Good Samaritan.

ReV. ArCnUF IOOugef, NeCCUT.-
Services Sunday, April 9th. Holy
communion and sermon at 1880 a. m.
Church school session IL to 1 p. m.
Evening service 1880 p. m. St.
Mary's Guild will meet at Mrs. R.
R. Kells' on Thursday afternoon of
this week at 2:30 p. m.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1919-04-24
Congregational Church Notes.

Pastor, Rev. Z. 5. Spafkes.
Let US continue in the joys of
Easter by attending church on Sun
day next. Moring service at 1000.
New members will be received at this
service. Sunday school at 11:30.
Union service in the evening at 1880.
Please note alteration in time. At
this service the Yong Peoples choir
will sing some of their Easter music.
Rev. Thompson of the Methodist
church will preach. Note the time,
7:30.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
Christians Invade
The Holy Land
southesn Methodists Send First Work.
ers to PaIestne for Bible and
Literature Distribution.
(Special Correspondence)


Nashville, Tenn. The Methodist
Episcopal Church, South, has the dis.
!inction of being the first Christian
denomination to send workers to Pales.
line since the free regime inaugurated
lnder the occupancy Of General AL
enby.
The Centenary European Commission
II the Church, headed by Bishop James
Atkins and DR.. w. B. Beauchamp, have
lready dispatched five colporteurs to
ne Holy Land. These will be followed
Ntye more In the next few weeks.
These workers will establish no sta.
lions, but will follow the early Metho.
list custom of itinerating over the
country distributing Bibles, tracts and
Christian literature.
This literature will be printed in
he native dialects, and will be secured
through an arrangement with the Nile
Press in Egypt.
Under the rule Of the Turk such a
movement would have been prohibited,
but under Allenby there is perefct free.
ION OF religions. The action of the
Southern Methodists Is the beginning
- a vast scheme Of missionary actiy.
g which will bo carried on In tho
galy Land.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
RED CROSS SERVING DlSCHARG.
ED SOLDIERS IN l-ANY WAYS.

"Say, Sam, did you ever get that
Liberty bond you paid for?"
"No."
"Neither did I. wonder when
Uncle Sam :. is coming through
with it." >.
This conversation, or one like it,
is taking place these days between
hundreds of pals" in the service, or
Just discharged from it. Various
difficulties have been experienced by
soldiers in getting the bonds for
which they have paid.
To overcome this condition the
American Red Cross has come to the
rescue. All any soldier who wants
his bond needs to do henceforth is to
inform a representative of the Red
Cross. Practically any contingency
causing delay has been guarded
against. The soldier must give the
representative all the information he
can and leave the rest to the associa-
ton, which will take up the matter
and see that prompt delivery is made
through registered mail.
The method is this, in brief: The
soldier assigns the delivery of his
bonds to the Red Cross representa-
tive, who obtains it from the bond
section of the zone finance office
and delivers it to the owner.
This is one of the many services
of this great organization which is
soon to conduct third roll call to
gain money and members to keep up
it's work permanently.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
Registration Nntice.

In accordance with Section %
of Act 50 of the General Assem-
bly, of the State of Louisiana,
approved July 1st, 1908, and Sec
ton 2 Of Act PIP of 1912, | will
open the Registration Books at
all the voting precincts in the
Parish of Washington, State of
Louisiana, for the purpose of
registering all qualified voters
who have not registered since
January 1st, 1917 on the follow.
ing dates to.wit:
Ward 1, Precinct Old Bell
Place, November 24th, 1919.
Ward 8, Precinct 1-Staffords old
Mill, November 25th, 1919.
Ward 2, Precinct MT Hermon,
November 26th 1919. Ward s,
Precinct 2-Warnerton, Novem-
ber 2Sth, 1919. Ward S, Precinct
|, - Hackley, November goth,
1919. Ward 7, Precinct 2-Pope-
vile, December 1st, 1919. Ward
5, Precinct 2-Sheridan, Decem.
Der 2nd,1919. Ward 6, Precinct
l - Enon, December 3rd, 1919.
Ward 6, precinct, 2-Isabel, Dec.
ember 4th, 1919. Ward 4 Pre-
cinct l-Bogalusa City Hall, Dec
ember 5th, 1919. Ward 4, Pre-.
cinct Coca Cola Plant, Dec
ember 9Th, 1919. Ward 4, Pre-
cinct 3-Old Fire Station, Dec
ember 9Th, 1919. Ward 4, Pre-.
cinct New Fire Station Colum.
bia st. December 9th, 1919.
Ward 4, Precinct 5-Rio, Decem.
Der 10th, 1919. Ward 5 Precinct
1-Varnado, December 18th, 1919,
Ward 7, Precinct 1-Angie, Dec.
ember 18th, 1919.
From December 18th, to Dec
ember Goth, 1919 at Franklinton
Court House, after which time the
books will close till after the Jan.
uary Primary. This October
18th, 1916.
M. A. Thigpen,
Clerk and Ex-Officio Registrar
Of voters Washington Parish,
Louisiana.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
Ammonia.

Ammonia is found in minute guam
tity in air, and is a natural product
of the decay CT animal substances. II
is procured artifcially by the destruc
tive distillation of nitrogen organic
matters, such as bones, hair, horns and
hoofs, and is largely obtained as a BY
product in the manufacture of illumt
mating gas from coal.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
Color of Pure Copper.

The work of a Swiss Investigator
suggests that absolutely pure copper
may have light gray color like that of
most other metals, since it is found
that copper which has been ten times
distilled in vacuo has only pale rose
color, while the yellow color of gold
becomes much lighter under similar
treatments.
The Era-leader., 1919-12-18
Sheriff Sale. No. 1912
Washington Bank & Trust Co.
VS..
Houston Sheridan ct ais.

llUuSUUll OuSllQdu SU dis.
Notice is hereby given that by virtue of an
order Of fiere faciaS issued out of the 26th
judicial District Court of Louisiana in and
for Washington Parish, in the above entitled
cause and to me directed. will proceed to
sell at public auction. to the last and highest
bidder on
Saturday, December 20, 1919
at the principal front door of the court house
ut FrankntOn, La, between the legal sale
hours for judicial sales, the following described
property, tO-wit;
One Oakland Automobile.
Terms of sale: Cash with benefit of
appraisement.
This the 1st day Of December, 1919.
j. E. Bateman, Sheriff.
Everyone is interested in an
item of local news. If you know
Of any local happening that is
not generally known, communi.
cate the fact to this office.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30
il of Edith Cave Comes Here to Forget German Kultu1
Tells of Terror Which Reigned When
Miss Cavell Was Dragged Away
to Be Imprisoned and Then I
Cruelty Murdered

out. They marched into the hospital
and ordered Miss Cavell and'Miss Wi.
ltins, the head nurse, to follow them.
We hadn't the least idea of what she
was accused nor OF the nature of the
trouble. Some one called that night
for few of Miss Cavells effects which
were sent to her in prison.
I'VE didn't even know where she
was taken that first night, whether
10 the prison of st. Giles or to the
kommandantur in the Rue de la Lpi.
One rumor had il she was being sent
to Germany. We finally learned that
she was conducted to the prison Of st.
Giles, where she remained until the
time OF her execution.
Terror rei9ncl IN the school after
her departure. 1t had come upon us
80 suddenly We hardly realized tho Inn
port Of 1t. But so many well known
persons were in prison or had been
there ana been released Tint We tried
to calm our fears by tho thought wa
would soon have our direCtress bacs
among us. Then, too, our daily tasks
occupied our minds during working
hours. but in our hours of recreation
she was constantly in our thoughts.
One evening We decided to send Misc
Cavell some flowers, although we nad
some mlsgivings about their ever
reaching her in prison but she re.
ceived them and sent us back a nice
little note. Of thanks in return.
The original letter j. still in the
Training School in Brussels, but I re-
member she thanked us for the gift
saying. patheticaly II seemed to US.
that the roses fade as I do In prison.
but adding that the chrysanthemums
seemed stronger and stI.l looked fresh.
Rumor OF Death Penalty.
when the result OF tho court-mar-
tial proceedings came To our ears and
We heard tho rumor she was ~ receive
the extreme penalty OF death, NUM-
her of the nurses rushed off to the
/ American Legation to see II something
couldn't be done. only 70 ind that
every bit of influence possible had al
ready been brought TO bear by those
splendid men 10 whom We ever went
for help ana sympathy and who, up TO
/ this time, had never failed US. I don't
| know what we would havo done during
/ those terrible days without the Ameri-
! can Legation, but thcro came n tins
when even they were powerless TO
/ help.
THAT night after We had heard that
sentence had been passed upon Miss
Cavcll and We knew she was to die
the next morning, we were in despair.
! Like children at the bedside Of "a dying
mother, we wept and prayed that she
might he spared to us. Two OF the
"irlg unable 10 hear their grief tainted
/ away Several Of tho stronger ones
went 10 the prison To catch. II possible.
y Lust glimpse Of our dear matron.
They remained watching during the
ulght, nat al they saw was a closed
car come ont OF the court yard of st.
Giles prison AM take the route in
the direction OF the Tire National. the
place OF execution"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30
ESTAURANTS .

He should have the best that personal
service could give him; he should be
treated as II he were a guest of the
house by invitation, not one OF q mob
to be fed by the kitchen and dining
forces OF the syndicate which owned
this hotel and hundred Others be-
sides. No. II is in the little restau-
rant. the epicure will tell you, that
the comfort of the old time inn resides
to-day. 1t is here as nowhere else
that the individual still survives In the
eyes of the attendant. He has not
passed into the personiacation OF the
mob. For this extra service one must
pay, just as one would pay for any.
thing else so achronistic--perhaps a
good deal more than a restaurant OF
less limited spaces would demand.
OF course the big European COM
panies did not overlook the allurement
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30

the cost OF living can be much higher
than in either of the others since the
maximum seems to have been reached
in all OF them. At least, II was ,the
apparent aim Of the managers. Under
even Il low ceiling which gives the
place the look of the dungeon in .
castle, castle perhaps as big as the
hotel which overhangs 1t. is the third
Of the little restaurants which Has
been pleasing tickle New Workers this
winter. Like the others, it aims to
give the best and get the most posi-.
BILE for II.
Perhaps the success of the little
restaurants this year Is the more re-
markable in view OF the diminished
patronage which has Como to some Of
the larger and better known establish.
ments Whether their appeal and
their higher prices were too much for
the larger clientele accustomed to
patronize them It is not certain. But
many vacant tables are seen now
where they were never visible befors.
There seems, on the other hand, just
public enough to fill the little places
at their own terms-and keep them
prosperous for this season at least.
For what New York will do from one
year to another nobody knows.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30

situated. Ono exists independently in
what used to be n dwelling of Fifth
avenue. 1t Is perhaps the least spa
cious Of the three, since It is no larger
than the front drawing room Of the
New York house that occupies q city
lot. Perhaps the room Is a little
deeper but a regulation New York
drawing room of ordinary measure
ments would easily accommodate this
resort. Its proprietors had success
fully spec ulated with n restaurant per-
haps four times as large. They knew
what demand there was here for such
a place. But they agreed that they
would this time have really small
restaurant. So It is to DO found just
of Fifth avenue in one Of the Fiji
ties usually so crowded as to suggest
the reflection that the New Yorker
In search OF what he wants will pay
any price.
One 10 Very Formal.
More elaborate in decoration but
scarcely more spacious IL another it,
tie restaurant that Is hid away in
the corner OF n far flung apartment
house that sprawls for blocks about
It. Here is perhaps greater formality
than in any OF the other new restau-
rants, although II Is not possible that
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30

THIs was certainly not the year
which might have been ex-
pected to develop another taste
IN restaurants. There was the war,
with tho enforced modesty Of menu
that It brought in its trail. Then there
was-which is still more important to
the comfort of a restaurant--the strike
OF the walters. Jean and Louis, Giu-
seppe and Antonio. probably alias Joe
and Tony, disappeared from view.
Into the willing but less elegant hands
OF George Washington Jackson or
Trastus Carroll. who deferred their de-
partures to the wind swept dining
halls Of Florida to draw higher wages
on Fifth avenue, fell the administra-
ton Of smart dining rooms. 1t may be
that there was efficiency here. but
there was no new modishness impnrte
to restaurant life by the change. when
Maggie and Kitty came up from their
marble or near marble corridors of
quick food downtown their coopera-
ton was undeniably help. But It
did not add n new element OF what
Washington Square calls Chic" SO
there was after all little In the present
winter to turn the thoughts of the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30

of the little restaurant to the traveller.
1t is recorded that in a French town
so NEAR the border that for the past
four years it has been in a state of
sleg< was situated place of this
kind 30 small and so good that 1t ex-
listed for years In spite of the guide
books kindly warning that 1t was OK
pensive. Just before the war two
Americans who had heard Of Its excel
lencies found the place with little
trouble. since It lies on the main street.
which is the oldest avenue of the town.
1t looked Just as attractive as its de-
scriptions had painted 1t. Its food was
in no respect Il disappointment even
II II could by no stretch of the imagi-
nation be regarded as worth the money
II cost. But the check was cheerfully
paid since visit to a place so famous
Is an experience OF a lifetime. But 1t