The Pulaskian., 1919-01-10

cSs ing catastrophe, at last agreed upon a mitigation of command, and General Foch, the brilliant French leader, was placed in supreme command of all the allied armies.
 A few days after the launching of this drive, Paris was bombarded by mystery" gun which it was known was at least 62 miles away. On March 20, Good Friday, this long-rahge gun made a direct hit on a Paris church and 75 worshipers were killed.
 On April 10, the Germans shifted their attack and began the second phase of their offensive-a drive against the British in Flanders with the channel ports as the objective. Here again the British were forced to give ground, but there was no break | such as occurred earlier on the Somme front The British and Portuguese were swept back along the River Lys. The Germans took the Messines ridge and threw 125,000 men against the British below Ypres. But the Ypres defenses held firm, and in the west the Germans failed in their efforts to reach Hazebrouek. The terrific drive spent itself and the Germans had failed to threaten the channel ports seriously.
 On April p the British navy execut- ed one of the spectacular feats of the war, blocking the channel of Zee brugge, German submarine base.
 Germans Renew Offensive.
 On May 27 the Germans renewed the offensive with a powerful attack between the Aisne and the Marne Tn day they swept over the Chemin-des- Danes on the heights north of the Aisne and crossed the river in rush. Next they took Soissons and reached the Vesle. On they went to the Marne, 1 extending their front on the river from Chateau-Thierry to Verneuil, and threatening Reims in their advance. The drive was halted with the Ger mans occupying a front Is miles wide on the Marne.
 In the meantime the Americans had won attention on May 29 by taking Cantigny on the Picardy front in a brilliant attack.
 On May 25 German U-boats began operations off the coast of the United States, sinking II ships.
 The German drive for Paris was re- sumed but the turning point was reached when on June and Ameri- can marines were thrown across the path of the advancing army at Chateau Thierry. The Americans not only stopped the Germans but drove them back two miles, capturing several hun dred prisoners.
 Tn an effort to unite the Somme sali- ent with that of the Marne to. provide base for another move toward Paris. the Germans launched another heavy attack west of Noyon on June 10. They made considerable gains on q 20-mile front but the drive was halted within two days.
 Austrian Offensive Is Fiasco.
 Attention was transferred from France to Italy when on June 15 the Austrians opened an. offensive on the Italian front from Asiago plateau to the sea. The attack proved a complete fasco. It was repulsed at all points and the Italians pursued the fleeing Austrians across the Piave, taking 45,- 900 prisoners.
 The German commanders made one last effort to break through to Paris when the crown princess army group on July 15, the morning after the French national holiday, launched an offensive along front from Chateau Thierry to Massiges, 30 miles east of Reims.
 This fifth and last phase of the great offensive failed most signally, being stopped on the third day. The Ameri- can forces played big part in this sec ond decisive battle of the Marne East of Chateau-Thierry the Germans forced passage across the Marne and the Americans who opposed them were forced to fall back temporarily. Then, in a. brilliant counter-attack, the Amer jeans drove the Germans back across the Marne, taking 1,500 prisoners, in cluding a complete brigade staff. Allied Offensive Opens. On July IS General Foch assumed
 
 princes right flank a. vital blow and on the first day the French and Americans fought their way for six miles along the Aisne, reaching the outskirts of Soissons. For two weeks the great counter-offensive continued. On July 29 the Americans met the crack diyi- sions of German guards and defeated them in stubborn battle at Sergy. Soissons fell to the French on August and by the following day the entire Soissons-Reims salient had been wiped out.
 The indignation of the British peo- pie, aroused by the U-boat outrages perpetrated by the Germans, was in- tensified early in July when news was received of the sinking by subma- rine of the hospital ship Llandovery