davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Horse and Mule
Demobilization
500, 600 Animals Being Scatter
ed Though the States

~ Dallas, Tex. May 5-Demobiliza-
ton of the army mule and horse is
going forward rapidly, according to
fenres on government sales just COM
piled by c. o. Moser, livestock IN
spector of the purchasing quarter
master.
The figures show that during the
war the government bought l1S,0O0
head Of horses and mules at total
cost Of s27, 100000 in the southern
and central purchasing zones. When
hostilities ended the government own
ed about 500, 600 head OF horses and
mules. 100000 in the United states
and 200, ,080 in France. only 10000
of the latter number having been
shipped from this country.
Because Of the big demand for these
animals on central west farms the
government has been hurrying dis
rsbution, and when auctions now ad-
yersdsea are. completed 10000 an
mails EiI! have been placed on farms
since Jan. I.
Cavalry horses cost the government
average Of s1S5. artillery horse
$50 and mules $3.50, according to
these figures At the sales cavalr
horses have brought an average OF
s85. artillery horses $50 and draft
rn1,1es $3.50. The sales have includ.
MANY worn out animals, some selling
for as little as $40 On the other hand
many animals have brought fancy
tDrices.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
The Cotton Corporation
Convention Today Will Find
Scheme for Cotton Move
ment Ready for Consid-
Grafton

New Orleans. May 13.-Subcommit-
tees meeting in advance of the con-
vention tomorrow Of representatives
from ten cotton growing States today
developed plans for the organization
Of Il 500. 600. 900 cotton exporting
corporation and the permanent or
sanitation of cotton growers. dealers
ard bankers in the cotton growing
States.
The plans will be submitted at the
general conference. which opens to-
morrow With Governor Pleasant Of
louisiana as chairman. Governor
Pleasant said tonight he expected the
finance corporation plans would be
placed before the conference Thurs
day when Gov. ". p. G. Harding of
the federal reserve board would be
present. That there will be some
plans was made evident by the filing
late today of a minority report. Cen
eral sentiment, however, according to
leading advocates Of the plan, strong
~ favored it.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Nav Be New Embassy

Geneva. May II tFrench Wireless
-Runor& that the seat of the French
embassy in Switzerland would be
transferred to Geneva are based on
a MISUNDERSTANDING according TO m
formation from Rernr. II j. said that
the Iunnor has some connection with
the fact that The committee on orSani-
Zation Of the league of nations iS fX-
anni1linS Tie question Of creating a
special diplomatic branch. which WiIl
enjoy thc same privileges with GOV
,rnmentS a. embassies and legations.
such as rho right Of extra territorial
ity and the use OF ciphera and dipl"-
matte courteSirS.
If this step is finally decided upon
If is probable that The great powers;
will have two distinct diplomatic mis-
sions in Switzerland. one al Rernc
with the Swiss government and The
other al Geneva, the seat Of the
iea@tie Of nations,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Aviation Casualties
Deaths at Three Texas Fields;
Number 1O6-Tail Spin and .
Nose Dive Responsible for
Majority

Fort Worth, Texas, May 10.-A
hundred and six men were killed at
the three big government aviation
fields here between November Is,
1917. and the recent close of aerial
activities. according to official figures
just made public.
In the same period. the three fields
now being closed turned out 1,f75
finished aviators, most Of whom We're
sent to the western front. A thousand
commissioned aviators were also sent
here from other schools to finish
their gunnery course at Taliaferro
field.
The statistics made public show
that during the training period the
actual flying hours at Carruthers field
totaled $4,000, at Barron field 26s6OS.
and at Taliaferro field, 32,4S8.
The tail spin and nose dive were
responsible for large majority CT
the accidents, according to officers. In
the entire training period not a single
American cadet was killed on the first
solo flight. This is attributed to the
thorough instruction in ground work.
Three British fliers were killed on solo
flights.
While the tail spin and nose dive
were chief factors in the fatality list,
there were many other contributing
causes
Captain Vernon Castle, the Ame-i-
can dance interpreter, who had faced
death numerous times over the Ger
man lines as British aviator, swerv-
ed his machine sharply to avoid hit
ing another aviator here. He lacked
height for the manoeuver, crashed
and was killed
\ The young son Of General Peyton
G. March. chief of staff, was killed at
the gunnery field while engaged in
combat practice at q. height of 1000
feet The wings of his machine be-
came entangled with those of his op-
ponent's plane.
Captain Robert Isett. of Providence,
post adjutant at Barron field. iell from
the greatest height, 5000 feet. Two
men fell from their planes at great
heights because Of failure to strap
themselves in.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Quick Construction
American Engineers
Build Big Hut in France in
Thirty-three Hours

Paris. April 1G Correspondence OF
The Associated Press. ITO have
erected in 33 hours a building Of 49,
a theater, social rooms, two canteens,
class rooms kitchen, Offices and five
sleeping rooms, the whole being what
in army parlance is known as q hut
is an achievement Of which the 1Olst
Engineers. of the Goth (Yankee) Di-
vision, American Expedit!onary Force,
may we'll be proud.
The York Harbor Y. d." hut Of
the Yankee Division, opened by the
Young Mems Christian Association at
LIE Mans. owes its inception to Miss
Grace Thompson Of New York, who
raised n fund for the purpose in York
Harbor Maine. Owing TO the carly
return of the 26th New England di-
vision to the states. the Origina. plan
was modified 10 the extent OF allowing
the New England boys to erect a hut
by rheir own labor.
Time was pressing but that was q
detail which only put the eager ben
elciares Of the scheme on their met
tie Foundations had to be leveled.
French municipal authorities had to
be dealt with for the site and for the
location of sewer, water and electri-
cal connections; one car Of material
carrying the floor ioists went astray
and other timbcrs had to be cut at
a local mill. Notwithstanding all these
difficulties. the hut, which is the lar
gest one used by the A. E. r, was
erected. New England stone fireplace
and latticed doorwayS all complete,
in a space of time that made the
people of lie Mans rub their eyes in
amaZement.
Suitably decorated for the dedica-
ton ceremony, the big hut was turned
over by the 26th Division to the
use Of the American army on its way
home.
George w. Perkins of the National
War Work Council made the formal
presentation to the 26th, whose COM
manding officer, Major General Harry
C. Hale acknowledged its acceptance
on behalf Of the Division.
After the war, the hut will be ham
led over 10 the people of the city of
lie Mans, cas- a token of cordial
fricndsip. las said Major General
George w Read who. in his capacity
as commander Of the American En-
Center committed the ope
ration Of the New England Home"
to the care Of the y. NJ c. A.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Booze in Ohio
What VIII Happen to Traffic
After May u

Coh,n,bus O.. May 9-Just what is
going 10 happen to the liquor traffic
in Ohio after May 81 when the pro-
hibition amendment to the State con-
stitution adopted last autumn oe-
comes effective, is problem that IS
hothering state and local officiais.
The State faces the situation OF haV-
ing IA dry constitution but no statu-
teS to enforce it. The General Assem-
bly, enacted enforcement measures
but they must run the gauntlet OF
referendum in November before 'neS
can become operative and should the
voters diSaprrove Of them there VIII
be no particular authority by whlch
TO enforce prohibition, it is SAD. An
ti-saloon leagne officials say they nave
not give, up hope Of obtaining some
legislation that will be effective May
i27
Most of the saloon-kcepers are plan
nlnS to quit business May ~ ana
! they may have TO retire even before
that date. The license year Of saloon
keepers expires May "a. None has
applied for renewal Of license and the
time for making application has pass
| ed.
The Ohio Home Rule Association.
the wet" organization, is planning
its campaign to defeat the enforce
! ment bills next November. 1t has
also started referendum on the res
olution ratifying the national pro-
hibition amendment, but this is eng
resisted in the courts by the Anti
Saloon League.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
German Marines
Some Are Loyal Soldiers, But
Many Thieves and Spartacists
Are Wearing Marine Uni
forms

With the American Army OF &c
cupation, April Il Correspondence
Of The Associated Press )-ln the
opinion Of American army oiilcc's
who follow day by day the process 81
demo ohiljzation aud readjustment OF
enemy forces il appears likely that
General Won -VorbGck. lhe
German commander who returned I"
Germany in March from AFRICA IS
rapi6,v nuiting under his command
all the loyal marine UNITS.
Writing in the summary Oh lhtelll-
sence Of the Third United States army
Of recent date one OF the American
exnerts who specialize upon the move
nen,s of all German armed forces
saws: .SGch division (marines) may
he expected to be one of the most
nowerful instruments Of the present
aovernment-and might even be a
reactionary power
Owing to the popular apprecla-
ton Of the services Of the marines
during the war and to the initiation
of the revolution last November by
marines, numerous marine volunteer
units have appeared in Germany dur
ing the past few months seeking TO
capitalize the popularity. SO many
of them. however, developed into rob
Der bands composed Of men in marine
uniforms who never served in the ma
'rine service that of late the average
German civilian has begun to look
upon any man in marine uniform as a
probable thief.
During the past few weeks the stat
us of the marine units has been clear
ing up and from information gather
ed by the Third Army officers II is
now possible TO give a general idea
of the marine units. In an article in
the summary of intelligence issue
by the Third Army one Of the Amer
ican officers says:
THE marine units of Spartacist or
doubtful leanings may be considered
first. Most important Of these is the
y G! !ksmarine division which went
over to the Spartacists in the Janu-
try and March troubles in Berlin, but
has now been suppressed in Berlin.
However, it has branch in Braun
schweig of clearly Spartacist pur-
poses Many who wege prominent IN
the dissolved unit in Berlin are now
in this unit, which appears to be the
foundation Of the present Spaftaclst
control Of Braunschweig. At least two
Home guard units Of marines are
known, one at Munich and one at
Frankfort on Main. Neither Of these
has been fairly tried, but both are
unouestionably of strong Spartacist
ieaningS.
Supporting Minister of War Nos
;1e and the present government are
several marine units of excellent mo-
rale, which appear all or nearly all
to be in the process Of uniting at the
present time under control Of General
Won Lettow-Vorbeck the German
commander who returned from Africa
in March.
Most important Of these is the
Iron Marine Brigade or Marine Br;-
gade Rohden under Colonel Won Roh-
den. This was organized in Kiel, Of
ficered exclusively by officers Of at
least fifteen years service. 1t sup
pressed disorders early this year in
Bremen, 'Cuxhaven, Wilhelmshaven,
and Emden, and had a large part in
the restoration Of order IN Beriin. es-
pecially at Lichtenberg, in March.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
British Flyers Ready

St. Johns. May I3.-Wea,her re-
ports received today led Hawker ana
Rayham. the British pilots. to hope
q start would he possible today IN
their long DELAYED attempt 10 fly TO
England.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
NC=4 ON the Way
Flight From Halifax TO Ire
passey Bay To-day

Halifax, May l5-Naval sea
plane NC-4, which left today for
Trepassey Bay 10 join NC-l and Nc
for the transatlantic t1i.h, was fore
ed to descend a few miles east Of this
port. She took the air again in q few
minutes. however. and Continued the
Irip
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17

london, May 14.-The Italians are
landing large military force On the
Dalnaatian coast, according to
Renter dispatch from Belgrade. The
troops are moving eastward ana
fort;fying the ridges and mountain
passesa
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17

ST. Johns, May l5.-Naval dn'i:i-
bic 6. scheduled for 4 possible
mons stop lii&hi from this port 10 the
British Isles arrived here today af-
ter :, day and night cruise from Mon
tauk Point. y. Y. The balloon had
been in the air twenty-five hours and
fortr.fve I7inatess
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17

Charles Humbert. senator and form
er editor of lie Journal. was arrested
in February Of last year during the
trial Of Polo Pasha. and the directors
OF the Gern1anophile newspaper. Bon
not Rouge. Bolo was put to death Tor
treason. II was brought out that no
had bought an interest IN lie Jourht'
with money that came from the Ger
man foreign Office through banking
houses i'm New York. Later alleged
fresh evidence charging Humbert with
communication with the enemy was
discovered.
Proceedings were begun last March
against Captain LadouX in connection
with the Bolo Pasha and Bonnet
Rouge case and he was arrested
charged with the loss OF documen'
relating to persons said to be I'M
plicated in a case alleging trading
! with the enemy.
Lemon was accused Of trading with
the enemy When arrested his case
was placed in Importance to the gov
ernment higher than that against
Bolo Pasha He was a Partisan capi-
tails, and with Desouches bought LIE
Journal in 1915 for 10.000.O00 francs
and later sold it TO Humbert. The
money was declared to have come
I; from q German source. Lenoir tes-
| titled at the preliminary hearing that
| he had received the money for the
purchase Of the paper from Swiss
merchants who desired to control 4
| large French newspaper.
| Desouchcs. although nearly 60 years
| old. fought with the French before
Vnrtlun The prosecutor in present
| ing the case against him said he
knew that the money with which
Lenoir bought lie Journal was Ger
man. but that the defendants record
ut the front as a volunteer liaIscr Of
! fcer might permit the court to light
| en- his sentence on conviction.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1919-05-17
Hnmbert Freed
Lenior Must Die
french Senator Acquitted on
Serious Charge

Paris May 'Ey III" Associated
Press Senator iInnb@rt, who has
been On niai by c"urtsmartial on a
charge of having mad dealings with
the enemy. WaS acquitted today.
Capt. Georges l.adouX. former chief
Of the intelligence bureau Of me min
istrv Of war. Il rod"fenfiant With Hum
bert, was acquitted Pierre Lcroir
still another Of the codcf"n2ants. was
sentenced 10 death. while William
Desouchcs, was convicted and sen
tcnced to five years Imprisonment.
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
THE WOMAN'S COMMITTEE
OF THE VICTORY LOAN
Mrs. w. III. MiIIen, County Chm.
Mrs. j. w. Allen, City Chm.

The Victory loan will soon be on.
The women OF Lancaster made a
most splendid record in the fourth
drive. They must again go over the
top in this the finishing fifth, the
Thanksgiving drive when all Ameri-
ca is urged on by Victory Bells in
stead OF Death Knells. Lancaster
women must do their part in paying
the debt OF gratitude for victory and
peace.
Medals. small bronze buttons
made from German cannon, will be
given all captains and all active
workers. The medals are truly to
be marks OF distinction.
A German helmet will be given In
every county in the state as a prize
for the best Victory loan slogan and
every school child is invited to enter
the contest. inaugurated by the Wo.
mans Liberty loan committee at the
recent conference OF county chair.
men. and compete for the valuable
trophies.
Slogans must be in by April 10
The slogan awarded the prize will be
adopted by the county and the best
five sent to state headquarters. The
state executive ,mmittee will select
the best OF thV slogans and adopt
this as the state slogan.
Every school girl and boy in Ian
caster county is urged to join in the
contest Would you like to have the
slogan for the state come from Ian
caster county?
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
War Department Calls for
Fifty Thousand to Relieve
Those Now There.
WILL GO INTO GERMANY
Men Are to Be Concentrated at
Camp Meade for Early Duty
in France and Will Go Over
1000 at Time.

Washington, April Am imme-
diate call for $4,000 volunteers for
service in Europe has been prepar-
ed by the war department. AS an
incentive to enlistment the men
will be offered early duty in France
as relief for men in the expedi-
tionary forces who wish to return
home
enlistment in this special force
Will be for three years. The men
will be concentrated at Camp Meade.
Md. as5 ..robably will be sent over
seas in contingents 1000 strong
War department officials express
ed confidence that no trouble would
be experienced in raising the So
600 men or even greater number IL
necessary. The bulk of the men
are expected to come from recently
discharged troops, especially those
who after having been drafted and
trained were prevented from going
overseas by the armistice. Oppor-
tunity to see service in Germany. II
is thought, will lead many Of these
to enlist.
A number OF officers. probably ten
to IL. will be sent overseas with
each increment OF 1000 men leav-
ing Camp Meade. These will be
used at the concentration camp tc
give the preliminary training nee.
essary to whip the men into casual
organizations and make the requir.
ed examinations. On arrival in Eu.
rope they will take the place OF Off
GERS eligible for discharge.
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
Will Visit Here.

Bruce Craven. attorney-at-Iaw, OF
Trinity, N. c., and his family, who
have been spending the winter in
Florida. will arrive in Lancaster
Friday for Il short visit to Editor
George b. Craven and family. Mr..
Craven, who was at one time super
in'endent OF the Lancaster graded
school and who for some years has
been engaged in the municipal bond
business, has recently been appoint
ed Major in the United States army.
in the department of the Judge Ad-
vocate General. and will report in
Washington for active duty April IA.
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
On the PocohOntas.

Among the troops arriving at
'harleston aboard the Pocohontas
Friday from Lancaster and nearby
counties were:
Henry F. McManus. Lancaster:
Louis p. Adams, Kershaw: Walter
ID. Floyd. Kershaw: Franklin ID.
Goodale, Camden; Charles r. Vile
peague, Camden: William r. Adams.
kershaw; Charles o. Bateman. Cam
den; Benjamin IT Davis. Camden;
Marvin NJ Reaseonver. Camden: ::
Paul X. st Clair, Camden: Andrew
j. Adams. Chester: James O. Ham
mond. Fort Mil; Charlie NJ. knight.
Tradesville: Clarence p. Bryant.
Chester; Robert Marquard. Rock
Hill; Robert Woodard Chester: AL
vim r. Jones, Lancaster; Ernest d.
Rnrton. Lancaster: Henry b. Hunt.
Chesterfield: James Collins, Fort
Mil: William w Gulledge. Lam
caster; James F. Grant. Rock Hill;
Amos F.. Hilderbrand. Glover; Ira
l.. Hinson, Kershaw: William r..
Farmer, Kershaw; William ]. Mont
gomery, Lancaster; John w. Wisher.
Rock Hill; John G.. Jones, Lancas-
ter: James f. Burr Chesterfield:
Jake Robertson, York; Thomas G..
Shaw. McBee; William p. Chapman.
Heath Springs; Jasper D. Ellis.
Heath Springs; Furman l.. Hinson.
Heath Springs: Roy Truesdale. Ker-
shaw; James O. Barton. Lancaster;
Samuel j. Cook. Camden: Soulee A..
Cook. Kershaw; Archie IT. Hinson,
Kershaw; Bailey Jackson. Camden;
benjamin Davis, Camden: William
McNin"h. Chester; Cooper ID. Pee
hles. Camden: John r. Shehan
Heath Springs; William N. Knight
Camden; John F. Poovey. Iancas-
ter; Charles r. Lewis, Camden.
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
WILL TRY TO KEEP 300
DESTROYERS IN SERVICE
Even IL Ii Is Necessary to Put
Some Warships on the Re
serve list.

Washington. April with ap-
proximately 900 destroyers TO BE- in
commission by the end of the year
the navy department is working out
plans for the peace time handling of
this force. The last suggestion made
was to place 200 OF the ships in re-
serve, but il was learned move.
ment was taking shape toward keep
ing the entire force in active COM
mission, even if il would be neces-
sary to put a larger number of old
or battleships and cruisers in re-
serve to obtain the necessary per
sonnet
Oi'icers who favor keeping the de-
stroyers in full commission believed
the training received aboard these
vessels by both officers and men
would be more valuable than the
same experience aboard the larger
ships. They feel. also, that the
naval events of the great war point
tn" way toward stressing the future
development of the destroyer force
For these reasons the officers are
opposing vigorously the proposal OF
retiring two"thirds OF the force 10
the reserve
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
Counties May Secure Much
Money From the Government

Sraued ana surfaced with top soil or
sand-clay. affording satisfactory
year-round roads for general pur-
poses over which farmers could haul
their fertilizers in the spring with
out begging and over which Ford
sters could take their pleasure all
winter.
For this sum one concrete road
could be built across South Carolina.
running either from the mountains
to the coast or from the Savannah
river to the North Carolina line.
The estimated costs per mile for
concrete or top soil roads given
above are based on an allowance Of
$4,000 per mile for the cost of grad
ing. culverts ETC.. $500 per mile
for surfacing with top soil and 500
600 per mile for surfacing with con-
crete. These estimates are based on
averages and will not hold good for
all cases. Therefore, the state high
way commissions compilation on
mileage which can be secured with
the federal funds after adding state
or county funds is an approximation
and. while accurate enough to give
an adequate idea in terms of miles
OF what can be done with the road
building funds, II is not to be re-
gnrded as literally correct to the
tenth of a mile.
hn ioy
sums Of federal money apportioned
10 each county for road building and
interpreted these sums into terms of
mileage for top soil and concrete
roadways, 1t was said that road
builders might be able to count on
considerably less than $4,000 per
mile for grading where sand-clay
roads are built for the reason that
this type OF road is suitable chiefly
for the coastal section. OF the state
where the more even topography
would necessitate less grading.
Hence, where sand-clay roads could
be built instead of top soil more
mileage could probably be obtained
tOr tne same money.
Besides the s3.156.l for road
building which congress has appro-
priated there is also available fed
eral funds to the sum OF $75O,0OO
for building bridges which. like the
, amount of money for building roads,
will be available when the counties
In South Carolina cover It dollar for
dollar.
Estimated mileage OF concrete or
J top soil roads which can be built in
, each county with combined federal
aid funds and county funds follows:
Total OF fed Miles of Miles OF
eral aid and concrete topsoil
county funds. roads. roads.
at $4,000 at $4,000
The Lancaster news. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1905-current, 1919-04-01
To Initiate Members

sDecial train will be run over the
l.. c. TO Chester Thursday leav-
ing here at $40, to accommodate
the crowd which Will 20 over to at
tend the Chester Commandary, Ne.
2, knights of Templar There are
u candidates from Lancaster and
kershaw The train will return to
this city during the night