New-York tribune., 1919-08-13
Netc York Tribune
Wdsh;n atom Bureau

Netp York Tribune
Wdshtn Qtoe Bureau
WASHINGTON, Aug. Ex-senator
Lodge, of Massachusetts. speaking in
the Senate to-day in opposition to the
league of nations, described it as "a
deformed experiment upon noble pur-
embracing many "provisions for war"
He expressed the belief that instead of
safeguarding the Monroe Doctrine, the
covenant would kill it.
His speech was cheered by the gal
leries. which booed and Kissed the re-
ply of Senator Williams, of Mississippi,
who attacked the position of Senator
Lodge as partisan and narrow" and
accused him of ''always attempting to
make a show of himself"
Senator Williams denied several of
the Massachusetts Senator's assertions
and rebuked him for scorning certain
Of President Wilson's utterances.
Debate of the covenant followed, in
which Senator Hitchcock, of Nebraska,
and Senator Borah, of Idaho. took part.
Outbursts of Kisses and cheers from
the galleries provoked several remon-
strances from VicePresident Mar
shall, who failed, however, to stop the
demonstrations by threats of clearing
the visitors space.
Reviews Holy Alliance
In opening his speech, Senator Lodge
reviewed the history of the Holy Ali
ance to demonstrate that history
"never repeats itself exactly" and then
continued:
"I have taken the trouble to trace
in the merest outline the development
of the Holly Alliance. SO hostile and
dangerous to human freedom, because
I think it carries with it lesson for
US at the present moment, showing as
it does what may come from general
proportions and. declarations of pur-
poses in which all the world agrees.
Turn to the preamble of the covenant
of the league of nations now before US,
which states the object of the league.
1t is formed "in order to promote in
ternational cooperation, to achieve in
ternational peace and security by the
acceptance of obligations not to resort
to war, by the prescription of open,
just, and honorable relations between
nations, by the firm establishment of
the understandings of international
laws as the actual rule of conduct
among governments and by the main
tenance of justice and a scrupulous
respect for all treaty obligations in
one another"
Brave Words, He Says
"No one would contest the loftiness
or the benevolence of these purposes.
Brave words, indeed! They do not
differ essentially from the preamble
of the treaty of Paris, from which
sprang the Holy Alliance. But the
covenant of this league contains pro-
vision which l do not find in the treaty
of Paris, and which is as follows
1.-THE assembly may deal at it's
meetings with any matter within the
sphere of action of the league or affect
ing NE peace of the world
"No revolutionary movement, no in
ternal conflict of any magnitude, can
fail to affect the peace of the world.
That this fair and obvious interpreta
ton is the one given to it abroad is
made perfectly apparent in the direct
and vigorous statement of M. Clemen-
ceau in his letter to Mr. Paderewskl,
in which he takes the ground in behalf
of the Jews and other nationalities in
Poland that they should be protected
and where he says that the associated
powers would feel themselves bound
to secure guarantees in Poland of GER
tain essential rights which will afford
to the inhabitants the necessary pro-
lection. whatever changes may take
place in the internal constitution Of
the Polish Republic He contemplates
and defends interference with the in
ternal affairs of Poland-among other
things-in behalf of complete re-
ligious freedom, a purpose with which
we all deeply sympathize.
Embodied in Treaty
These promises of the French Prime
Minister are embodied in effective
clauses in the treaties with Germany
and with Poland and deal with the in.
ternal affairs OF nations, and their exc
cution is intrusted TO the principal
Allied and associated powers; that is
to the United States, Great Britain
France, Italy and Japan. This is q
practical demonstration of what can be
done under Article III and Article XI
OF the league covenant, and the author
ity which permits interference in be.
half of religious freedom-an admirable
Objects easily extended to the repres-
sion of internal disturbances. which
may we'll prove a less admirable pur-
pose. If Europe desires such an ALI.
ance or league, with power Of this
kind. SO be it. But ! object in the
strongest possible way to having }hf
United States agree, directly or in
directly, to be controlled by a leagut
winch may at any time, and perfectly
lawfully and in accordance with tn,
terms of the covenant. be drawn in tt
deal with internal conflicts in othel
countries, no matter what those con
. hlcts may be. We should never per
5 mt the United States to be involved
In any internal conflict in another coun
try, except by the will of her people
expressed through the Congress, which
represents them.
with regard to wars of externa
aggression on a member of the league
the case is perfectly clear. There car
be no genuine dispute whatever about
the meaning of the first clause of Ar.
ticle' x. In the first place, it differs
from every other obligation in being
individual and placed upon each nation
without the Intervention of the league
Each nation for itself promises to re.
spect and preserve as against externa,
aggression the boundaries and the DO.
litical independence of every membe,
l0An IN