davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
An Unsolving Solution OF the Rail-
road Problem.

A suggested solution of the railroad
problem which looks simpler than 81
Il here follows:
THE FIRST essential sf the railroad
problem II TO arrive at q solution that
will give the employees q return IN
proportion to the advance IN the cost
Of living. the railroads SUFFICIENT
funds to meet their increased ex-
penses. and the public eficisnt trans
portation service.
This seems to be q large ques-
ton, but q solution 10 offered which
apparently covers all the necessary
points: It Is this: First, let US re-
turn to n pre-war basis Of the cost
OF living. scale of wages and cost Of
transportation. Let US take the date
OF June 1. 1918. Now we will put
before us the cost OF the above three
items on that date. Figure next the
percentage Of the rise In the cost of
living which, let us say for this
month. is so per cent. greater than
In 1918.
'',rhe solution Is to add 80 per
cent. or the Increased cost Of living,
both to the wages paid and to the
freight rates. This would cover
everything and also insure the In
weston a return for his money.
ITO be sure. the cost Of living will
vary. and so likewise will the wage
and transportation charge vary pro-
portionately. All that will be neces-
sary will be a competent committee
to designate the changes which can
be arrived at from data already
available. The I. C. L. will then be
a basis for wages. rates and indi-
rectly of earnings for stockholders.
THOMAS r. MoyyIrr.
"sARANAc LAKE, August T." 90
But this Is exactly the mistak
which the United States Railroad Ad
ministration made. the railway work
crs made, and the Democratic Govern
ment cost elevators generally made
II Is exactly the thing which ha
plunged the American people up +
their necks in living cost trouble. ]
Il exactly the falIacy which makes al
prices like a soaring balloon, wit
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

The length to which the French
Government will go to keep its citizens
from knowing tho Joy Of smoking
American tobacco Is amazing. 1t
turned down an American offer OF
$500. 100000 for the monopoly of the
tobacco trade held by the Government,
although the sum was 5000 900 in
excess Of the Governments profit last
year from the monopoly. In what
part OF its African possessions the I'M
canny vegetable matter sold in France
as tobacco is grown Is a State secret.
To be seen smoking an American
cigarette in France lists the smoker
as belonging to the Moneybund.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

The British oyster which Is reported
by a cable despatch from Great Var
mouth to have caught a mouse Is
somewhat sprier than the general
run Of American cats OF this gem
Grafton. Also 1t should be noted fur
Their to it's credit It has answered very
handsomely the question always asked
by Americans willing to try anything
once who have eaten a British
oyster from the half she'll Even II
as food II is impossible TO respect the
animal It Is not possible longer to
deny that It has given good answer
to the Yankee questions "Why was 1t
dug up, poor thing7"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
PITTsBURG CAR UNION IS SUED.
100000 Asked by Railways Co,
for Present Strike.

PITTsBURG, Aug. ia suit asking
$4,000 damages was filed at 4 o'clock
this afternoon by the receivers OF the
Pittsburgh Railways Company against
the local division OF the Amalsamated
Association of Street and Electric Rail-
way Employees. alleging breach of con-
tract By 1900 striking motormen and
conductors, who have tied up trolley
transportation here since last Thursday
midnight. when they rejected the Ma
tional War Labor Boards award Of a
fve cent an hour wage increase.
The men demanded twelve cent
raise. and suspended their strike last
May pending the boards decision, which
they agreed TO abide by. The suit Ia
brought jointly against the union, its
officers and members
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

SHAH America Favor Bulgaria 1t the
Expense Of Greece?

To THE EDITOR OF TIE sus--Sb: A
sadly puzzled lookeron at the strange
drama Of world pacihcation begs to
know since when and why has America
become the special pieader for the ter
enemies, namely, thrice treacherous
Bulgaria For 30 II seems we are by
recent reports Of the action determined
upon by the American delegates at the
Peace Conference.
And In our sudden accession Of love
for this double faced and savage people
What has become Of the former Phil
hsllenisrn which we 10 warmly enter
tanned but . short time ago, and With
reason. We having from her earliest
liberation favored Greece, recognising
our indebtedness for the heritage
handed down from her great days,
among other things the transmitted
idea of democracy What has become
OF our Presidents specification that
Greece mast be secured?
Every one knows Of tho sufferings
sustained by the Greeks Of Thrsce at
tho hands Of their unprinciplsd neigh
Dor In the north. These date from the
Balkan war TO tho great war. II In
incredible that we should be accessory
to putting q premium upon the com
mission of some Of the most cruel out
RACES recorded among the atrocities Of
the last four years
Give Thrace to Bulgaria. Bulgaria.
VINO for her perndies should scarce
have a standing among the conquering
nationsi One is forced into valid specu-
lations to assign q cause for % fatuous
. counsel on the part Of the American
delegates: this cause can scarcely be
German propaganda" once 90 probable
a factor in every mysterious perversion
OF civic mind.
But we learn that IL was q professor
OF Columbia University. 4 member Of
the boundary commission. who opposed
the other delegates In their belief that
Thrace should 60 TO Greece. II this Be
the case. the Columbia professor 10
surely at odds With the distinguished
president Of the university whom We
all know as an ardent Phiihellenist-
I trust that THE Sum will throw light
upon the situation. explaining where
fore our sudden face about on this
question of the disposition OF Thrace
and our infatuation with Bulgaria
EDITH NJ. THOMAS.
NEW Yoax. August 10.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
EUROPE TO FIGHT
"PUSSYFOOT" DRYS
Wine Syndicate to Combat
Prohibition Driue.
Special Cable Despatch to THE suS from no
London Times Service.

Special Cable Despatch to The suS from IA.
London Times Service
Copyright. 1913, all rights reserred.
PARIS, Aug. 1S.-The National wins
Syndicate and the International Wine
Committee. two bodies which rule the
production and distribution OF European
wine. alarmed by the success Of the
"pussyfoot" campaign in America and
its extension to Great Britain, have de-
cided to form a special committee for
world defence Of wine against its enc.
mics. The French are a very temperate
race and they are completely unable 10
understand why. because there are a
minority of people who don't know how
to drink, those who do understand the
use OF ana DO not abuse good liquor
should be sacrificed.
Throughout the war trade with Great
Britain has suffered severely and now
the complete stoppage of the American
market and threatened "pussyfoot"
campaign in England bring wine grow.
ers face to face with a very serious
problem.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

nobody. desperately striving to climb
up after II, able to catch 1t.
It was not doubted by the Railroad
Administration when 1t Increased
freight and passenger rates that there
would be abundant railway income
not only to pay the increased wages
and to pay the guaranteed rental to
the owners of the roads but to pile
mp as well a good working balance
and even a surplus. But no sooner
were the rates raised than the prices
Of all commodities carried by the
roads increased more than the rates
had been increased.
Then, OF course, the wages Of all
workers had to be increased In an ef-
fort to have their pay catch up with
their Increased food and other living
costs. Then, Of course, everything
made by such labor had to 20 on up
still higher. Then, Of course, the In
creased cost of food, the increased
cost Of clothes, the increased cost Of
shoes, the increased cost of every
thing-caused by the increased rail
rates and rail wages and all wages
were chickens that came home to
roost on the very railway workers.
No longer would their increased wages
buy as much for them as their lower
wages had bought for them before.
Likewise, for the very same reason.
the railroads income would no longer
meet its cost Of living. Its coal would
rise, due to the same cause Its equip
ment would rise; Its supplies would
rise-all Its living costs would rise.
AS for the poor stockholder or bond
holder, he had no place at all to land
in safety. II his interest on his bonds
was not omitted through the terrible
plight into which the railroads had
cast themselves, that interest paid
him in a shrinking dollar would not
pay his rent or buy his food or do
anything for him the way 1t had done
before. There was no possibility of
getting his interest increased like
wages. II his dividends were not cut,
the same thing was true-and unfor-
tunately many dividends were cut. SO
that this poor devil lost at both ends,
at the same time, receiving less in
come and paying more to live.
Not a mortal soul got anything
good out of the railway rate increases
coupled with railway wage increases,
which started the SNOWFALL of high
living costs rolling back and forth
across the country, always gathering
up more and more cost and taking
away more and more buying power
from American workers and American
consumers. Millions and millions of
the public came out worse than they
were before. And the end Is not yet. 30
Whether you 60 back to your date
or to any date, whether you apply
your doctrine in full or in part, the
principle-the false principles just
the same as when 1t was applied a
year and a nalf ago. Your pro-
gramme, just like that other starting
with the railroads and the railroad
workers. going through the whole cir
cult and coming back again, like an
avenging boomerang to the railroads
and the railroad workers themselves,
could only bring everybody to the
same distress and despair.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

graphs and telephones. and the expe-
Renee they hive had with city OPP
Grated ferries fresh In their minds
want to embark on that enterprise,
they know less than we think they do.
II they want city operated. politics
ridden transportation system they
will have 1t, and all Of us must pay
the bill. But they don't want 1t, no
matter what few politicians try to
make them think they want.
IL the marlborough and the other
transportation companies can't get out
Of a five cent fare enough money to
pay proper wages 10 their employees
and earn proper dividends for their
owners then the fares must be raised.
If the marlborough can't make
enough out Of Ave cent fares to pay
proper wages the city couldn't, were
1t to operate the roads. II the Inter
borough has q big deficit on five cent
fares the city would have a bigger
deficit. The Interborough, losing
money on five cent fares, will 20 into
bankruptcy. The city, losing money
on Ave cent fares, might make up the
losses through taxation, but the peo-
pie would pay the taxes. The people
must have the roads. 1t Is cheaper and
better for the people to have the roads
operated by a private corporation,
headed by specialists in transporta-
ton, and pay fares high enough to
allow good wages and fair dividends,
than It would be to have politics run
them and charge up fabulous losses
and extravagances In the tax levy.
Here is another Of the object les
sons presented to the public under
standing; The people Of New York
are willing that the Interborough en-
ployees should receive fair living
wages. Yesterday their manifest
temper was that Of angry exaspera-
ton rather than of friendly tolern-
ton. Their natural sympathy for the
underpald workmen had been nearly
killed by the excessive character Of
the demands put forth by Mr.. Con-
NoLLY's organization, by Its stubborn
refusal to stop short Of an act that
was almost as criminal as murder, and
by Its stolid Indifference to the para
mount rights of the community. What
had been left Of such sympathy by
the recent strike on the Brooklyn
Rapid Transit system, with Its scanda-
lous Incidents Of violence unchecked
by the police, disappeared altogether
when the attitude Of the holders-up
OF the Interborough lines became gen.
orally appreciated. The evidence that
Bolshevist brutality cannot be pushed
too far in this community was yester-
day unmistakable.
The adequacy OF the Is per cent.
increase granted by the settlement Is
to be determined, as 1t should be, by
arbitration. Justice will he done alike
to the employees and to the corpora
ton; for any general raise of wages
in that quarter necessarily now In
wolves an increase Of fares to produce
the wherewithal. This Is the out
standing fact of the situation. In spite
Of Mayor HYLAN's mouthings to the
contrary. What has been gained for
the public BY the opportune interven-
ton Of Governor SMITH and Commits
sioner NIXON Is the removal Of the
whole question, both as to wage In
crease and fare increase, from Hylan
politics and Its equitable determine
ton. without further public suffering,
In the proper and only proper way.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUS-Sir: II
talk alone would solve our troublesome
problems they would have been solved
happily long ago. Since the confusion
of tongues at the building OF the Tower
Of Babel 1t is doubtful II there ever was
more talk to less purpose than at pres
ent. How would this do for a slogan to
help US on toward normal living: Quit
Talking and Get to Work.
HERBHRr f. PRESCOTT.
EAST CHATHAM, August Is.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
NAZIM PASTA RESIGNS.
Minister of War Quits Because Of
Haln's and TaIaat's Escape.

CoNsrANrINoPLE, Aug. lS,-Nal'm
Pasha. Minister of War. has resigned
and the military Governor Of Constant,
nople has been dismissed AS result Oh
the recent escape TO Asia Minor Of HAN
Pasha and Kittchuk Talaat Bey. pom
prominent members OF the Committee
OF Union and Progress.
Shehk Pasha, former Governor j."
Dacra. Maxim Pasha's successor IN tne
War Ministry, is wedding out NUMBER
of high officials including tho tnde'
Secretary of War.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
A VIRGINIA EXPLETIVE.
Roll Can Of CoIloquial Substitutes fol
Profanity Demanded.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suN-si~: /
have heard frequently from natives here
as a substitute for profanity the ex-
Iression. TN be John Brownedl"
1t would be interesting II your readers
from other sections would send in such
substitutes In vogue.
JAMES D. McNuLrY.
HoT SPRINGS, Va. August 16.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

MULHousE, Alsace, Aug. i -Ale'A,
DIRE Millerand. Governor y,
Alsace and Lorraine and Minister
War in 1914, was injured slightly N az
automobile accident near here to'as,
The Governor General and NJ FouIel' ~,
Commissioner for Colmar. were IN az
AUTOMOBILES when their chauffeur sWer'eu
70 avoid a cyclist. The automobile ny .
tree. NJ. Poulst suffered fraetu's'
skull.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

The name of the General COM
manding the troops In the Mexican
State of Tamaulipas is FORTUNATE
ZUAzUA. II this soldier OF the honey
sweet names through war or politics
loses his present Job he can come
here and sell the copyright Of his
Christian name to a manufacturer Of
garters and his family name to a
biscuit or chewing gum maker and
live in idle happiness ever after.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
A Busy GeorEIa Day.
From the Commerce Ns,os

FTOW IWo NUWWeFCo NcUH
Last Monday we had a comedian show
in town with a seating capacity of two
thousand. a woman telling fortunes and
misfortunes. q Salvation Army man and
woman preaching on the streets. while on
the same day the Superior Court in this
county ground out twenty Ave divorces In
n few mlnutAl.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
Placing the Responsibility.
From the Kansas city Scar

when things are going good financially
I notice men always say 'Finer when you
ask them how they are" observes r. W.
Moorhsad of sabetha. But when finances
look a little dark. ask how he u.s. The
usual answer Is old ywoman's growing.
or children mighty poorly"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
Henry white Resting In Holland.

PARIS. Aug. ls.-Henry White Of the
American peace delegation has gone to
Sohsvsningen. Holland. for a weeks
rest.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
BAKER SAYS AERO
FAILED AS WEAPON
Secretary Quotes Haig as Say
ing Planes Could Not
Destroy Bridge.
OPPOSES AIR MINISTRY
Tells Senators Development
Would Be Swifter Under
Present System.
Special D.spstcn TO TEE svr.


wAsHrNoroN. Aug. Is. - Secretary
Baker to-day explained to the Senate
Military COMMITTEES tho ground Of the
Administrators opposition to the bill
to create a separate air service fsthered
by Senator New (rnd.) on the ground
that both the military and naval ser
vices would suffer through the discour-
aeement to ingenuity and invention
within their own organizations
I'm the view of the War Department"
said Secretary Baker. aircraft are both
machines Of transportation and engines
Of war"
The Secretary held that thus far use
Of aircraft In war was a proved utility
whereas commercially and for purposes
of peace time industry the art and
science Of aviation were largely EN-
bryonic. In the war there were devcl-
oped two special uses for aircraft Of
prime importance-observa ana
bombing.
The value of the airplane as an OBJ
server, he said. was the principal and
indispensable factor In military aero
nautics. The value as a bomber was
its principal offensive attribute. but ne
quoted no less an autnorlty man Hio.u
Marshal Sir Douglas Haig as seriously
questioning the accuracy and depenos-
bility Of IL as a weapon.
-Sir Douglas Haig." said Mr.. Baker.
stated that he had tried for months on
end to accomplish the destruction OF
vitality important bridge in constant
use by the Germans. and although he
had battered and banged to bits every
thing In its Immediate neighborhood the
necessary fair hit had not been accom-
plished-"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

" our Jrisnds toho Iavof Bt tcffh 1tdnu.
scrtpfs and Hfpsfranons for publication totsh
20 haUs rejected articles returned fhsv mtss
IN all cases ssad stamps for that purpose.
TELEPHONE. BEEKMAN 21oo.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
EVENTS TO-DAY.

Meeting Of Broadway Association a
1880 p NJ
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

atShest tonperaturs, IS. at I. noon
Lowest temperature, 81, at 10 P. NJ
Average temperature, e.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

London once, lo-43 fleet street -
Paris once, Rue de L. Michodisre' on
Rue du ouatre septembre.
Washington once, Munsey Building
Rrooklyn once, Room 202. Eagle Build
ing. 303 Washington street.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
Not Much as Fighters.

The actual fight planes. the Secretary
said, had achieved brilliant distinction
for their pilots and gunners; they did
supreme work In holding back enemy
bombers and observers. but their actual
fighting value. except against enemy
planes, was hardly to be considered In
relation to the value Of aircraft In the
two principal functions of observing and
bombing.
But perhaps" said Senator New.
this offers the very reason for the
separation of the services which my
bill provides"
"S.nsularly," responded thu Secre-
tary. "the British for whom Sir Doug
las was speaking. is the only service
which has INDUCED in the programme
Of separation. Air craft are intimately
associated with all modern lighting. The
infantry depends on them for directing
advance and withdra wing: artillery for
the direction of and esta blished pre-
cision of IRE the cavalry In less
degree and also the coast artillery. To-
day no branch of the army Is indie
pendent OF the air force.
1T Is my view that their pilots should
be trained as military men and their as
ISOLATION with the army intimately
maintained. Toward the close Of the
war just before the armistice, in point OF
fact. the military automatic bomber. a
craft which could be directed and sent
flying SO. go, even 100 miles into enemy
territory. there to explode itself with
terrifying force. was approaching per-
lection.
In this. the newest development OF
air fighting. and of the use of the air
plane was distinctly a military advance
Notifications and developments should
come along military lines, under military
guidance. We cannot afford to have
military aeronautics in America an OBJ
solete or obsolescent thing, and the air
L. III H.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
Now Defends Bill.

Here Senator New interrupted to call
the attention ~ the Secretary 70 the
fact that under provisions OF his own
bill there was no intention of interfer-
ing with the army's development OF its
air service or with its control of air
fighting and the collaterals OF invention
and perfectlng along military lines.
Senator New insisted on the need for
development Of perfection in air service
Affairs on the broadest of grounds and
need for his suggested department in
order that the art and science of avil-
ton should not become wholly military
or wholly naval affair.
Secretary Baker expressed ignorance
Of the actual distribution of the recent
appropriation by Parliament Of s22b,-
100000 for uses of British Air Service.
1T IL evident" said Senator New,
shat Great Britain sees far enough
ahead to know that she must do with
the air what she has done with the sea,
gain supremacy and hold It. The R-34
Is an instance Of the development of the
British plan. The R-33, with which the
British intend to accomplish the flight
from London to Calcutta. is another"
Senator New then cross-examined Sec
rotary Baker in regard to the present
state Of Americas airplane supply and
the SERVICES IN general no wanted to
know II tho Secretary thought in view OF
the present deterioration and dlslntegra-
ton of the air fighting organization
which America threw into the world wa,
1t was not likely that a similar delay Of
fifteen months which had marked the
time OF Americas entrance into the field
and the actual use OF an American air
squadron would not be repeated IL war
came again.
Secretary Baker thought not He
said he believed the industry which had
been established and the service which
had been created would survive. But
Senator New pointed out that of the
1900 and more planes which America
had contributed more than 80 per cent.
had already gone of the air roster and
showed that the life in war of an air
plane was only three or four weeks,
while even in peace employments eight
cen months marked its end.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19

BOOKS AND THE BOOK WORLD -
ss:sssy'' efse ''s o,s., ;e;oun;ri::... 100
All checks, money orders. Ac.. to be
made payable to THE Sun
Published daily, Including Sunday, oy the
sun Printing and Publishing Assoeieuon'
$50 Nassau st, Borough OF Manhattan, N 4.
President, Frank A. Munssy. $50 Nassau st;
Vice President. Erwin Wsrdman; sseretAry'
r. III. Tithsrington; Treas. VIM. T. Devert'
Al NJ
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-08-19
LOCAL WEATHER RECORDS.

The temperature in this city YESTERDAY,
as recorded by the oficial thermometsf, il
shown In the ANNEXED table: