davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
A Good Policy In Battlcshlps a.
Well - I'm Seaplanes.

The Secretary Of the Navy, after a
talk with the head of his Aviation d.
vision, has announced a policy in sea-
plane building which he might we'll
apply to the battleship programme.
Mr.. DANIELS said:
I'VE agreed that for the immediate
future the wise thing to do Is to spend
moro money on experiments than on
the quantity production Of planes.
That shall be my policy"
This is sound sense. 1t would be
foolish to build q large number Of
seaplanes like Commander TowERs's
little feet Just because REAp's craft
made successful flight from New
foundland to the Axores. The obvi.
Gus thing to do is to improve as much
as possible on the type Of NC used
in the present trial, curing the defects
which caused the NC-3 to be crippled
on coming down 10 the water and
adding engine power, fuel capacity
and breadth Of wing until seaplane
Is built which will fly from New
foundland to ireland or from the ell
bow Of South america to the Shout
der Of Africa. Only practical lights
will show the weaknesses and strong
points of aircraft; paper and pencil
cannot do 1t. BY dlnt Of actual trial
we ought in two or three years to
have seaplanes that will reverse the
first voyage Of COLUMBUS and fly
from Watllng's Island to Palos. not
even stopping, as the Dlscoverer did,
at the Canaries.
The policy OF progress without
waste In the construction Of seaplanes
Is good alec in the building Of battle
ships. For at least ten years to come
the other Powers are going TO be so
poor in money and labor that they
will not, cannot, try to build world
beating navies. If the United States
goes ahead now and spends billions Of
dollars on battleships those ships will
be out Of date when any competitor
builds new ships and we would have
to spend new billions on a new pro-
gramme. 1t would be far better, as
Secretary DANIELS says about sea-
planes, to spend more money on ex-
periments in battleships than on guam
tlty production.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
THE SENA TE'S DUTY.
II Should Pass On the Treaty rs the
Constitution Provides.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Sir: II
la very interesting to read the methods
President Wilson proposes to use to
force the Senate to ratify the peace
treaty interviewer with his League of
Nations programme. as reported in TIE
SUN by Mr.. Hills. The other nations
will sign and that will leave us in
bad fix as regards our relations with
Germany and will stir up enmity in
France, and the like,
What has become of our Constitu-
ton? Between friends it has had it's
limitations. but are frey to be stretched
to meet this emergency? The most
casual reader is acquainted with the
Constitutions treaty making provisions.
They were there when Mr.. Wilson as
sumed to act for the United States
1t does not seem that the threat is
80 dire that the Senate can be deprived
OF It's coordinate right in this treaty
making. The Senate should exercise its
cwn prerogative and reach its own con-
illusions with what Information it has
been able to gather. The people OF the
country will stand back OF the Senate
II 1t will stand back Of the Constitu-
tlcn. 1t will be refreshing to have some
constituted authority give evidence that
tho Constitution still lives
A. X. PORTER.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
EVENTS TO-DAY.

Meeting Of the board Of governors Of IN.
SSuy,ss'aye Institute, luncheon. Bankers
Cen: John F: oRyan will address
meeting OF the Physical Education Society
OF New York on The New Military Traln-
ing" Cosmopolitan Club. s p. NJ
s Meeting and luncheon OF the Sterling
S Ss,verw ware msnufactdrers. Hotel commo-
con- ln' ao,s, a lEnPo'Se. meeting lunch
George Gordon Battle. DR. William 7.
Ettinser and Thomas W. Churchill will
speak at the annual meeting Of the Ma
tional Juvenile Motion Picture League at
the Stage Foundation Building, 1870 Eas;
Twenty-second street, at T. NJ
Tho Elks Band will give a concert at the
p. NJ
Frederick Pauldine will speak m "Th,
Creative Genius OF Victorian Fiction" un-
ger the auspices Of the Board OF Eduos.
lsed street, at Sis P. N.
American Steel Institute. luncheon
j. NJ, convention all day, dinner i. ~,
Hotel Pennsylvania.
Casualty Actuarial and Statistical So
ciety; meeting a. NJ, luncheon P. NJ.
Hotel Pennsylvania.
Belgian official war relies. exhibition and
sale, under the auspices Of the BelgiAn
military Mission, u. :. A., for the hen"ft
OF the crippled belgian soldiers ami the
salvation Army, lbs Broadway. corner
Annual garden party Of the New York
logical Park. ? p, NJ.
Dinner in honor OF Sergeant ALVIN c.
York by prominent Tennesseeans waldorf
Meeting for women only; discussion Of
prsventable diseases; Health Department
l2s Centre street. 2 p. n.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
Not Loaded

1t is an unusual spectacle: A Pres
ident OF the United States holding a
pistol at the breast Of the Senate OF
the United States and demanding as
the price Of peace that there shall be
ON the part of the Senate Immediate,
unhesitating. unquestionlng accept
nnce Of his personally contrived and
wholly extra-constitutional scheme Of
world reorganization.
The pistol is not loaded, however.
Furthermore, the President who is
holding the pistol and threatening to
keep the country in war indefinitely
unless the Senate yields to him knows
that the pistol is not loaded.
The reason for the positive state
ment that the pistol is not loaded Is
as plain as the nose on your face.
After the last word has been said
about Executive powers and Legisla-
tive limitations the fact remains that
the Constitution does not make the
President the dictator Of the acts Of
Congress but does make the Con-
gress the judge of the acts of the
President. and in case Of need his
executioner.
The document aforesaid leaves no
doubt as to the whereabouts of the
ultimate authority.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
THE TAX ON COMMUTERS.
New Jersey Residents Threaten ia
Stop Carrying Bundles Home.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--sir: With
reference to imposing an income tax
on the Jersey cemmuter by the State
OF New York wish to state that I have
been Jersey commuter for many years.
] purchase my clothing and mems fur
nishings in New York. My wife shops
In New York. We purchase part OF our
groceries, fruits, candy and similar sup
plies In New York; also garden sup
plies, hardware and many other arti-
cles amounting to several hundred dol
lars each year
| may have TO pay to the State of
New York the imposed income tax, but
do not have to purchase anything in
New York. and great will be the num-
Der of Jersey commuters returning TO
their homes at night hundlsless
My Jersey commuter friends all feel
that It is a narrowmnded piece OF busl-
ness and will certainly react to the dis
advantage OF the Manhattan business
man. and have expressed their deter
mination not to purchase anything in
New York that they can get in New
Jersey. H. r.
New YoRK, May %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
MR.. BAKERS WELcoMERS.
They Were Members Of the Sixty.
ninth Going to . Benefit.

To THE EDITOR OF The SuN-Sir: In
reply to Albert divers letter In The
Sun ! would like to make a. few cor.
rections
In the FIRST place Mr.. Baker was not
quitting on a little moro dog" what
ever that means, and in the second place
none of Mr.. divers, the actors. min
ister's or movie mechanics money for
which they ''ranted and champed" was
used for this little party.
The cause Of Mr.. divers mental dis
turbance was In connection with the
benefit for the Sixty-ninth Regiment
monument fund, and the doughboys
lined up as stiff as ramrods" at the
Pennsylvania Station were the mem
bers Of the Sl1ty-ninth Infantry. New
York Guard, who were on their way
from their arrnory to the Metropolitan
Orera HOUSE, where the benefit was
held. and they merely stopped on their
way to pick up Secretary Baker, who
was the guest Of the regiment that eve
ming.
Mr.. Oliver can now turn over and 70
back to sleep with the knowledge that
neither his nor any one elses money
vas used on this occasion. Every man.
from the Colonel down to the newest
recruit. including the band and the med
ical detachment. gave his services
gratis. MAILLiw NAoHsoc,
Company X. Sixty-ninth Infantry, New
York Guard.
NEW YORK, May %.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23

document wns prepared by represen-
tatlves OF the Allied and Associated
Powers. Already the fact has been
divulged that the epitome which has
been published here omits mention Of
one important provision Of the treaty
that governing the resumption Of
commerce with Germany subsequent
to Its ratification by three Of the
great Powers. There may be other
equally significant passages In the
treaty which the epitomlzers over
looked or deliberately left out Of their
version. Obviously they had to dis
regard much In order to keep their
work within the bounds set.
The treaty. however. and not the
synopsis Of It, Is the document the
German delegates have before them.
They write with complete information
as to all Its details, with full under.
standing Of the manner in which one
clause is modified by another, with
exact comprehension Of the values put
on various words and phrases by the
craftsmen Of this momentous writ
ing. Their pleas and protestations
cannot be Judged at their real value
by any person who is deprived Of the
Information they utilize.
1t is reported that a copy of the
treaty ie now In the State Depart
ment. but 1t is inaccessible not only
to the general public. but to the men,
bers Of the Senate, who must ulti-
mately pass upon It In their Official
capacity. The members Of the Sem
ate Committee on Foreign Relations
are kept In the same ignorance Of the
text under dispute In Paris that Is
imposed on private citizens Of the
United States, Notwithstanding the
great advantages which would accrue
to them and to the country II they
were able to follow the arguments
with full understanding.
Thus. 1t appears. an open covenant
Is openly arrived at in the full illuml-
nation Of the Fourteen Points. 1t
only remains for President WILSON to
urge. when the treaty Is submitted to
the Senate, as 1t eventually must be,
that the Senators hurry their consid-
Grafton Of II. In order that no time
shall be lost in garnering the perfect
fruit Of his diplomacy.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
|SUPFS FEEL SURE
OF VOTE IN SENATE
Hale of Maine Joins Forces
With Those Who Approve
Amendment.
LODGE STILL DUBIOUS
Leaders Say They Have the
Two-thirds Necessary
to Passage.
Special pssputeA TO Tnn suS.


WASHINGTON, May 22.--5uffrage lead
ers in washington were tubilant tonight
over the news that Senator Hale (Me.)
has announced no will vote for the reso-
luton submitting the suffrage constitu-
tional amendment to the States when It
comes before the Senate. Senator Reyes
IN. HI recently announced his support
OF the resolution and suffrage leaders
are now confident that they have the
two-thirds majority necessary for pas
sage.
Senator Hale's announcement was con-
tained in the following telegram to a
Portland newspaper:
ITO Col. Fred N. Dow. Portland Eve
ming Express, Portland, Me-:
The question OF Federal amendment
to the Constitution relating to woman
suffrage will shortly come up before the
Senate. took no part in the campaign
prior to the state referendum on woman
suffrage In 1917, but took the position
that / would follow the wishes of the
voters OF the State of Maine as expressed
by this referendum when the question OF
suffrage should come before the Senate
during the next Congress.
The State having voted against sui.
frage, accordingly / voted at the last
Congress against the proposed national
amendment. At the last session Of the
Maine Legislature a bill was passed
granting Presidential suffrage to the
women Of the State for the election to
be held in 1920. The Legislature Of the
State Of Maine has. therefore, declared
n hA wurav NJ ~ 0taN f.H M0 In
are qualified to vote in a Presidential
election.
"If they are qualified to. vote In q
Presidential election they certainly are
qualified to vote in any other election.
Therefore, as i do not feel that / am
longer bound by the position taken by
me In 1917. prior to the state referen-
dun, and as my State, by a veto of its
Legislature, has granted Presidential
suffrage to women, i feel that am now
justified in voting for the Federal amend
ment when the matter comes before the
Senate, and shall do So"
Definite plans for taking up the reso-
luton in the Senate have not yet been
made, but in view of the fact that 30
many Republicans are back of the reso-
luton suffrage advocates are hopeful
that they can take 1t from the Senate
calendar and put II squarely before the
Senate at an early date. Senator Lodge.
the Republican leader. has been a con-
sistent opponent Of suffrage. but he may
not care to try 10 stave Off indefinitely
a vote which cannot be avoided before
adjournment Is taken and which would
probably dispose of a question which
otherwise is certain to be bothersome
Lacking the Lodge leadership, friends
OF suffrage will depend on Senator John
son California;. who will probably be
chairman Of the suffrage committee, and
Senator Curtis, tho Republican whip, to,
carry the fight through.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23

Chinese women can knit by machine
eighteen dozen pairs OF socks a day at a
wage OF so cents n day.
The New Zealand Government has re-
stricted the expectation of hides with a
view TO controlling the prices In the In
terest OF fixing the cost Of standardized
shoes to be manufactured,
4 company has been organized in Mel
bourne, Australia. called Aircraft, Ltd. for
the purpose OF establishing an Interstate
air service, which expects to begin opera
lions in the course OF nine or ten months
Tho value OF the exports at Dundee,
Scotland, for the United States during
1918 was less than one-third of that of
the previous year. the amounts being SIS,-
Ss9.5Sl and ii,i0j,sls in 1917 and 1918
respectively.
The Norwegian Government accounts for
the fiscal year ended June so. 1918. show
an excess Of revenue over expenditures Of
$Sl, ESQ, 600, The state debt at the end of
the year was sis7.4oso 900. compared with
SI22. o76.00O at tho end of l0l0-lT.
There Is a demand for rubber footwear
In Scotland. The principal demand is for
ordinary goloshes and storm goloshes of
broad toed shapes. for hip boots and top
boots, beth leather and rubber soled. for
gray canvas gymnasium shoes. and for
light sand shoes.
4 recent issue of the HandslsbsrIehten
states that the socete GeneMle OF Bel.
GUM has increased Its capital by tho is
sue of $1,000 capital shares and $1,000
reserve shares. the former OF which were
issued at the rate OF 1850 francs and the
latter at $500 francs The number OF
shares IL thus doubled and tho capital
nominally increased by about 100, 900. 900
francs (s1o. o.oOol.
With the backing OF the Bank Of Tai
wan the new KuanSn Bank has been for
mAliy organized at Taipeh. Talwan, with
the object OF facilitating trade between
the South Pacific. China and Japan. Tho
programme OF the promoters states that
the court OF auditors and OF directors were
organized by Japanese and Chinese ON
Gals. The authorized capital OF 10, 600 900
yen will be subscribed equally by Chinese
and japanese Branches will be estab-
lishsd later at Singapore and samAraRs
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
Another American Reconstruc ton.

Fifty-four years ago to-day the
armies Of the Union commanded by
General GRANT and General SHERMAN
completed their review of victory in
Washington and their dispersion be-
gan. They had accomplished their
task. The men in them were ready
to doff their uniforms and resume
their places in civil life. For four
years the energy and brains of the
country had been devoted to bitter
fratrieidal war.
Reconstruction then meant some
thing far different from what 1t means
to-day. The social system of the Con-
federacy had been torn up by the
roots and cast on the scrap heap. A
new element had been admitted to
citizenship without sufficient prepara-
tion to exercise its privileges and
bear its burdens, The supporters of
the Union were divided in their coun-
sells In Congress and out. The ma
tion was heavily in debt.
ICls tuouSli many DluuueTS were
made, though the way was long and
difficult, the problems of peace were
attacked and mastered. The threat
OF monarchy on our southern border
allied with the European system was
met and overcome. The rehabilita-
tion of the nations financial affairs
WAS accomplished.
To-day America faces no such diff
cultles as those our fathers faced and
overcame in the eos and '7os. Prob
lens must be solved. The disorgani-
ZatiO3 caused by war must be cor
rected. The men withdrawn from
civil life to defend the country must
be restored to their place In the So
cial fabric of a peace loving commu-
nifty. The debt of the country must
be met. Business must be reestab-
lished on a normal basis. But to do
these necessary tasks there Is united
and vigorous population dwelling in a
country Of unparalleled richness,
whose territories have been spared
the devastation of hostillties.
That the task before us will be
speedily accomplished the record Of
that other reconstruction which this
historic anniversary brings to mind
gives testimony.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
BIG CONCRETE SHIP LAUNCHED
POIIas Christencd with Name Sc
Iected by Mrs. Wilson.

The Polias. next 10 the largest ~ me
concrete ships built under tine direction
of the United States shipping @"
was launched yesterday aftern"on a '"7
yards of the Fougner Concrete Su'
Building Company at North l'e''
Long Island City. The name was So
lected by Mrs. Woodrow Wilson before
she left for Paris, and the vessr, vas
christened by Mrs Herman Foug 81 VI
Larchmont, wife OF the president ~ ths
company.
The Polias Is $500 tons dead weight
asl feet over all. with 46 feet beam and
a dTaught OF 26 feet aud inches She
will be a cargo carrier. The hul' ''0'
tains 1850 cubic yards ~ concrete,
which was poured In seven and oHe-IaN
working days. The reinforcement '''
sisting of steel rods from one qu1T'-F
to one and a half inches in dia0''e.
weighs 425 tons. The cost is estimation
at $S1 a ton, or about half the cost ~
steel construction and slightly less man
wooden construction,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23

1t is manifestly impossible to I'M
dertake an orderly and intelligent dis
>cuSsi0n of the numerous notes of pro-
test and recommendation submitted
10 the Peace Conference by the Ger
man delegates without knowledge of
the terms Of the peace treaty sub
mitted to them by the Congress Of
Paris. This essential knowledge no
American outside n few who enjoy
the intimate confidence OF President
WILSON possesses.
The German delegates argue with
the complete treaty, a document of
$4,000 words, before them. In the
United States we have been permitted
10 see the first and second drafts Of
the proposed constitution of a league
OF nations, and an 5000 word synop-
sis Of the various other provisions of
the treaty. This condensation of the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
NOTES BY A PURIST.
Examples Of the Popular Use Of the
English Language.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Will
you please help me with my English
The other day a woman changed from
the express to the local train at -Four
tenth street and said to the 90 d: lis
this the BatteryY' She meant 40 ask
II it was a South Ferry train.
Last Sunday ! heard the question
asked In Newark: DO the tubes run
every few minutes" The real question
was IL the trains in the tubes ran fire.
quently.
The other day saw a movie film
made by a high class concern in which
the leading man is made to say to his
wife that "the studio was on rent for
800" I suppose It was for rent.
A newspaper informs its readers
that the "NC-s runs into port on her
engines Should It not have read,
runs into port with her own power?
II, l.. w.
BLOOMFIELD, n. j., May 20.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23

which had been made TO him by the
Inhabitants Of south Schieswig con-
WINGED him that the province desired
annexation to Prussia.
In strong contrast to this arbitrary
German course 10 the position taken
by Owe RODE, the Danish Minister
OF the Interior. The draft Of the
peace treaty extends the plebiscite by
which the people are to decide the
question Of their future nationality
to south schleswig. To this Minister
RoDE replies that Denmark wishes the
plebiscite limited to north and GEN.
trail Schleswig. This is not due, he
declares, to cautious Ihodesty nor
to any tactical plan Of asking less
than we really wish, but to our ma
tional DESIRE" OF the northern and
central parts of schleswig the Minis
ter has no doubt regarding the racial
and political affiliation Of the people.
But the southern portion Of the prov
ince, he says, is inhabited by Germans
who even while a part Of Denmark
showed themselves hostile to the Dan
ish Government. He says:
TT Is to be feared that the south
schleswisers. partly owing to the
unsettled conditions in Germany, may
+ prefer Denmark. and partly that po-
iitical plans for keeping the former
Duchy Of schieswig undivided might
induce them to vote for union with
Denmark. not because they intend TO
become Danes but to preserve schles-
wig with a predominant German
population"
In other words, Denmark does not
want south Schleswig ut any price,
and she will not encourage this dis
tinctly German land in its efforts to
fall back upon Danish protection in
Its present extremity. The possession
Of Its square miles Of territory, Its
ports and cities, Is no compensation
for the peril that IL would constitute
to the Danish nationality.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
foreign trade in the last twenty years,

foreign trade In the last twenty years,
or ten years, or I'VE years.
But, whatever the price factor has
been in our foreign trade gains, pic
ture our imports both In value and In
volume when again open outward the
trade gates OF the United Kingdom,
Of France. Germany and Italy, per
haps even Of distracted and chaotic
Russia; when again argosies sail
freely and frequently from China and
India-from all the Far East as we'll
as from those countries of Europe
which throughout the war were neu-
trail but shipless.
Nobody looking into the future with
clear vision can fail to see our imports
looming mountains high.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-23
Our Unnecessary Fire Losses.

According to the statistics compiled
by the National Board Of Fire I'm
derwriters the fire losses in the United
States in 1918 aggregated $500, $780,
1856, a sum higher than had been
reached In any previous year except
1905, when San Francisco was burned
in confagration such rs we hope may
never be visited upon US again. Last
year there were no outstanding dis
asters, except the Minnesota forest
fires Of October, which we're estimated
to have inflicted damage amounting
to $30,0Oo.o00. The increase Of losses
In 1918 over 1917 was S40,OO0,O 600.
This country was mensurably free
from serious fires caused by enemy
activities. The internment of hostile
aliens and the close guard main
taincd by public and private agencies
were successful In protecting us from
great disasters Of this kind. Some
fires were undoubtedly the work of
our enemies, but the greater part of
the losses sustained will be found, on
analysis of the figures, to have been
caused by persons who neglected the
most elementary precautions in hand
ling fire. Carelessness with matches,
cigarettes and infia mmable substa nces
lays a heavy burden on the United
States every year.
A fire loss OF 500, $50 1856 in a year
means the loss of practically So a
head for every person in the country.
The number Of unavoidable fires is
practically negligible. The United
States holds an unenviable preemi-
nenne in this expensive field of waste,
and the efforts of the authorities to
impress the duty Of extreme care In
handling fire ere slow in bearing fruit
In the case of too many citizens.