davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Strikers Queried on
La,U by B. r. T. Women
Unions Are asked altitude on
Act Feminine Workers Saw
HAMPERS Them

Amy Wren, counsel for the B. R. T.
Women's League for Equal Opportun-
ity, addressed the following letter to
the leaders of the strike and to James
P. Holland, president of the New York
State Federation of Labor, and Hugh
Frayne, general organizer of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor
THE B. r. T. Women's League for
Equal Oppc rtunity, representing the
quests statements from the American
Federation of Labor, the State Fedora
ton of Labor, the Amalgamated Asso-
citation of Street and Electric Railway
Employees of America, the B. r. T.
Local of said association and also from
you gentlemen personally in regard ito
the repeal Of the Lockwood transpor-
tation law.
eve consider that we are justified in
asking your attitude in view of the
fact that said. law was passed because
of the endorsement of the State FEEDER
alton of Labor, Mr.. Holland, the prcsi-
dent thereof, having personally ap
peared before the New York Legisla-
view of the fact that the Amalgamated
Association tried in several instances
to have women discharged from trans
portation lines. In this connection we
recall the action of said last-named
association in asking the War Labor
Board of the Federal government to
order the discharge of women traction
employees in Kansas City, Cleveland
and Detroit, and we therefore consider
that we have right to demand to
know what their present position is.
1--WE desire an exact statement of
your attitude of said Lockwood trans
portation law, and also on the employ
ment of women at night.
"The fact that you are asking that
women be paid the same as men means
nothing if the women have no work to
be paid for.
"When said Lockwood transporta-
tqn law is enforced, every woman on
the B. R. T. must go. What are you
going to do to help us to repeal it?"
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
~ SerUice From, Bridge
Runs Nearly Normal
Strikebreakers Man Trains on
AN but C1luer Line; Subacay
Serrice Is Partly CriDpled

Service on the elevated lines running
out of the Brooklyn Bridge was vir-
tually normal yesterday evening, with
the exception of that on the Culver
line. No trains were operated on the
latter. Most of the conductors on the
elevated trains were strikebreakers IN
civilian clothes. Trains were running
at intervals of ten and fifteen minutes s.
There was no congestion of crowds.
Virtually no surface cars were run
ming out of the terminal below. But
two Smith Street line cars and one Put
nam Avenue line car left the bridge
between and o'clock.
The Municipal subway service to
Brooklyn was crippled in a measure.
the lines operating between 5 and s
o'clock being the Broadway and Myrtle
Avenue lines. with the Fourth Avenue
line running at long intervals.
The Municipal Building terminal was
almost deserted, a sharp contrast to
the throngs which jammed it the pre-
ceding day. About the only trains de-
parting from it with more than few
passengers aboard were those bound
for jamaica.
The procession of trucks and other
vehicles filled with men and women re-
turning to their homes in Brooklyn was
greater than on the first day of the
strike.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Violence Again
Forces B. r. 7.
go Stop Cars
Continued from preceding page

continued in this work for five hours.
y,e.urnlng TO the Office at 80 O'Clock.
Aiound that the service was wholly in
adequate, and | found that the reports
which had emanated from the office of
.ne railroad company, and which | had
.seeNed IN my office, to the effect that
opefatlon was prevented by violence
snd r'oting, and that there was made
suaee police protection, were untruth-
iul, to say the least.
A.. 1urlng the entire five hours I was
Sut visited practically all important
t,anroad points in the borough and
.Oahd ample police protection at every
rs.n'' there was no disorder, no riot
bts' no violence anywhere. 1t is my
,s ,s.ei that the reports regarding the
auhoer of men who went on strike
we're inaccurate if not untruthful.
Majority Quit Voluntarily
AT o'clock in the morning it was
.sported from the B. r. T. office that
..spp1oximately 1000 men were out and
.a ast others were leaving their cars and
"s,ns a,Is. on account of intimidation.
mhen | went out | found that the
ie'Vice on the lines had decreased to
~ ss tnan one half the former number
" y. trains and that this was obviously
sausea by the failure of the men to
,IIpOrt to work. The fact is that less
. .ash one-half the usual number of
u. is'hs were running. Whether because
lac men had left their employment in
...se, numbers than the receiver had
Seseo' or whether no effort was being
sa "sue to operate trains, of course |
I"aot say. From all appearances,
x~S,"ever, twothirds of the men had
hs;antarily left the service or were
'eaaag aag detained in car headquarters.
eo,s:,, wow, IN connection with the first
hIaSloeration hsa that perhaps two-thirds
~ Voluntarily left, l am considering
,Ss. statements made in the newspapers
ss the receiver had refused to meet
mss. ssUmmittee of the men to discuss the
aers IN controversy.
All .hink that if such an arbitrary
t.s. Iu unreasonable action has been
th;ss the receiver ought to come here
fo siternoon, and he certainly ought
mass We here at the earliest possible
hvnent h.. to make explanation why he
IL t.nnieted this hardship on the pub
srh;. aor the purpose of exercising some
possesses.
n,..nnls ms Is much greater than the mere
riscs OF the opinion of Receiver Gar
esss as to whether unions ought to
! ey..s. ss OF not. 1t is matter that affects
pan.:y, py one of the million and a half
.st.n .sstta.atlon of Brooklyn. Therefore, l
hsrt my protest against any adjourn
~ until tomorrow afternoon.
eMss. appears to me that the railroad
S'1,s Sss rs underestimated the number of
.ast would be involved, and when
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
The Brooklyn Strike Situation

tween Whitehall and Thirty-ninth
streets, would be taxed to capacity in
handling the crowds. The boats started
running on shorter headway, leaving
the piers every twenty minutes instead
of the usual half hour. and a third
boat was brought into service. For
the first time in the history of the
ferry, one of these was in operation
all night.
All Ferries Crowded
The Atlantic and Hamilton Avenue
ferries were also in demand, but the
congestion at their piers was not as
great as that at the Whitehall Street
terminal, for the parts of Brooklyn
served by these ferries is accessible
from the Interborough subway. In
the crowds began to gather quickly
and in u short time there were thous-
ands waiting at the foot of the stair
ways leading to the entrance to the
boats.
They stretched down South Street and
over on lower Whitehall Street in a
long line, and then crowded four
abreast when they got on the stair
way.
1t was stated by employees familiar
with the number of passengers usually
travelling over CHc 1nlTLV-HlnCn Stree
line that between the hours of and
o'clock, the normal number of pas
sengers ranges between six and seven
hundred. 1t was estimated that more
than 5000 were trying to cross to
South Brooklyn by the ferry route.
The crowd kept growing in spite of
the fact that the additional boat was
put into service.
Delays Run Into Hours
1t took some of the passengers
hours before they were able to get on
board. Each boat went over with a
full load of 1000 passengers. Usually
the boats take $50 persons on their
trips during the rush hour.
When word of the congestion reached
the offices of the Department of Plants
and Structures, the third boat was put
in operation. 1t was impressed into
service from the Staten Island line.
This effort helped in relieving the con.
gestion. But even so, it was long after
Z o'clock before the o'clock rush
showed signs of abating
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Crosstown Trolley,
Running at Loss,
Ceases Operation

The Twenty eighth and Twenty
ninth Street crosstown trolley line,
run by the Mid -Crosstown Railway
Company, Inc, ceased operating at mid
night last night. Two other lines, one
running from the City Island station
through Pelham Park to City Island,
ana another cross the Greensboro
bridge, have also proposed to the Pub
llc Service Commission to cease op-
erations at once
Officials say these lines have been
run at great loss on borrowed money
ior long time, and that they now
nave to quit because they can't obtain
any more funds
In a letter addressed to Public Ser
VICE VIC COMMISSIONER Lewis Nixon by S.
w. HUH, president Of the Third Ave
nue. Railway system, which controls
tn the three lines, it is stated that the
Ih'rd Avenue system had for some
years been providing the money with
which to make up the deficits of these
companies. Fer the last fiscal wear.
says the letter, the deficit for the Pel-
ham Park & City Island Railway Com
pany was S17,740.5S; for the Mid Cross
town Railway Company. Inc, $34 ,138.49,
and for the Third Avenue Bridge Com
pany, operating the greensboro Bridge
line, S25,000. The letter adds that the
need tor the operation of these lines
mas disappeared with the shifting con-
ditions of traffic, and that the Third
avenue company, in an effort to pre-
serve its own solvency, has been forced
10 refuse to advance more money to
them.
Commissioner Nixon has ordered a
nearing on the proposals at 1O:3O a. m.
to-day to determine if any need really
exists tor the operation of these lines
ana what steps may be taken to retain
the service
1t was pointed out that the recent
decision of the Public Service Commits
sion in withholding the o-cent trans
Ter privilege from these lines may have
action. The discontinuance of the
twenty eighth and Twenty y-ninth Street
lines, 1T was stated, will work par
ticular hardship in view of the fact
tnat IL was the only free transfer point
OF the Third Avenue surface cars from
Forty-second Street to Grand Street
The Mid -Crosstown Company has been
operating for thirty-four years, orig
inaily using horse cars in the trans
portatlon of its passengers. Later COM
pressed air was used, and during the
last ten years the cars have been run
with electric storage batteries. The
company's cars have transferred to the
third Avenue Railway lines and the
Tenth Avenue and Belt lines operating
on Tenth Avenue and First Avenue.
Inc equipment at the present time
consists of five cars, with an operating
force of about twenty men,
me company was capitalized at
Sl5O,OOO, and went into the hands of a
receiver IN 1908, when it was foreclosed
and came under the control of the
Third Avenue system.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Surface Cars Day
Orer, Says Hylan
Pledges City Bus
Lines at Scent Fare and
End Of StrapI,anging

"The dav of the street surface cars
has gone by forever" said Mayor Hy-
Ian in a statement issued yesterday.
at will not be long before New York
ers will have trackless streets" said
the Mayor in the statement which was
in reply to a flood of inquiries about
his proposition to establish bus Hnes
in all five boroughs of the city.
"'l see no reason why the people of
New York, instead of being jammed like
hogs into badly kept surface railway
cars and then hung on straps, cannot
have decent bus service for "a low cost.
A lot of people say that bus service
might cost more than five cents. The
answer to that is that | now have a
proposition from a private concern to
run five-cent buses. If Il private con-
cern can do it, l am sure that the
investigation to be made by the Board
of Estimate will demonstrate that we
can have five-cent buses. The surface
railways are now trying to force a
seven or eightcent fare, and we GER
tainly need no introduction to the mis-
cradle kind of riding they would give
us even for eight cents, because their
proposition does not include anything
iS" lOi luC puDliC. ~ oIiy NONClS new
profits for the traction people.
Groove Things Doomed
"The day of the surface railway is
ended, for several reasons The first
and fundamental reason is that things
that go in groove do not go at all
nowadays. Surface railway cars run in
track grooves, and therefore they take
all evening to get a tired man or wom-
an from business place downtown to
home uptown. That is the principal
reason why they are doomed
But, aside from that, the gentlemen
who have operated the roads. and
abused them, and robbed them, have
killed the goose that laid the golden
egg. They think that they can gloss
over all the robberies Of years and all
the stock-waterlng jobs, and come to US
and tell US that, regardles of all their
crimes in the past, we should now con-
slider these roads as OF present day
value for the construction.
well, how much have they con-
structed at present day values? How
many of their cars were built and
tracks laid at prices that meant pres
ent-day wages to laboring men? DO
they come in with any guarantee that
if the goose lays more golden eggs for
them they would always guarantee to
pay present-day prices for car build
ing, track laying, railmaking and
railway employees?
"No; they only want to jam higher
fares through whiic rne dollar is tenn
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Long Island Trolley Men
Deny Thew Will Strike

John NJ Stoddard, superintendent Of
the New York and Long Island Trac-
tlon Company, denied statement yes
terday by Edward Smith, union leader,
that employees Of the various trolley
lines on Long Island were calling a
sympathetic strike.
The announcement attributed to Mr..
Smith said the employees of the lines
running from Brooklyn to Freeport,
Hampstead, Garden City and surround
ing towns had held secret meeting
and had voted to strike at o'clock this
morning.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08

Island City are walking to their homes
in the Greenpoint section of Brooklyn
across the Vernon Avenue Bridge, and
hundreds are availing themselves of
trucks and automobiles to get home.
Conductors and motormen in Queens
Borough said yesterday that they got
enough OF striking three years ago.
They lost out in their demands for an
eight-hour day and increased pay. They
receive the same hourly pay as the men
on the B. r. T.-41 cents to 40 cents,
graduated on basis Of their time of
service.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08

s. H. Serena, superintendent of the
New York and Queens County Railway
Company, which operates through
Greensboro, Astoria. Corona, and near
by points, declared the men were not
in sympathy with a strike.
The surface trolley lines of the rail-
way, which run to all north shore
points and Jamaica, and the Manhat-
tan and Queens Traction Company, all
of which terminate at the Fifty ninth
Street Bridge, are carrying extra loads
Of passengers.
Workmen in the factories of Long
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
One Way Traffic Rule
For Manhattan BRIDGE
DOLCE COMMISSIONERS rNp,cr,n

DOLCE COMMISSIONER ENR1GHr
last night issued the following
statements:
lowing to the congestion caused
by increased vehicular traffic between
New York and Brooklyn due to tho
strike on the B. R. T. lines the Man.
haitian Bridge will be reserved for
one way traffic from BROOKLYN to
New York between the hours of Tao
a. m. and 9:3O a. m., and from New
York to Brooklyn between the hours
of 5 p. m. and p. m. daily until
further orders.
During these hours vehicular
traffic coming in the opposite direc-
tion will be diverted to the BROOKLYN
and Williams sburg bridges.
"Drivers of vehicles can avoid un-
necessary detention on either of the
bridges by making use of this repula-
tion."
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Judge Sends Smith, Heir
To Fortune, to Aslum
Commits Patchogue Man to
Central Islip ON Applica-
ton of Son

PATCHOGUE, Long Island, Aug. Z.
Gardener c. G. Smith, who recently
inherited 100000 from the estate of
his mother, Mrs. Ruth Newey Smith,
has been committed to the asylum at
Central Islip. by County Judge Smith
The commitment followed the applica-
tion of Albert C. P. Smith, of 458
Greene Avenue, Brooklyn, a son.
The father began to kill all the
poultry at his cottage here, the son
said, and used sharp stick.
Four attendants from the asylum
went to get him yesterday. He bar
ricaded himself in his house and while
they were away summoning help,
started off on bicycle The attendants
gave chase in an automobile into which
they finally pulled him.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-08
Br0okly1,ites CROWD
Ferries to Capacity
Extra Boat Put Into Serrice
When Throngs Seek Means
of Learing Manhattan

Brooklynites took to the ferries yes
terday as one of the best means of
transportation across to Manhattan.
More than 10000 persons, according to
the estimates of the ticket agents,
crossed on the Thirty-ninth Street
line. The normal daily average does
not reach 5000
Early in the day it became apparent
that the MYnicipal Ferry, plying be-
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-12
THE EFFICIENCY
 OF ADVERTISING.

The efficiency of g. business depends largely on the speed with which the capital is turned over.
 Take the store with a capital of s2O,O00. At per cent. it must charge s12OO against it's goods for interest each year. If it is selling O,Oo0 artd- cles annually 1t must add 12 cents to the price of each article sold as an interest charge. But if by turning its stock more rapidly, 1t can sell 10000 articles annually, it only has to add six cents to the price of each arti- cle for interest.
 Advertising accompltshes this re- ductton of interest costs. By adver- Using, a lot of goods can be quickly marketed and turned into cash. The money can at once be used to buy more, instead of having the goods lie idle in a store. AS a general rule, non-adverttsers keep their goods a longer time than advertisers. So the public has to pay a heavy interest charge on goods lying idle a long time before they can be worked off in advertised stores.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-12
ST. TAMMANY.

The first f'Tammany Chief was "St.' Tammany, after whom the great New York political erganiza- ton was named, and whose birthday was long celebrated in the American metropolis on the twelth of May. With the passing of the years, how "wigwam" have almost forgotten their patron. and little attention will be paid to his festival today. Tam many was an Indian chief of the Del aware tribe, who lived about the
 middle of the seventeenth century. He was a brave and powerful In dian, a firm friend of the palefaces, and around his name many tradi- ditions gathered. In the latter part of the revolution the Colonists and sol diers adopted Tammany as their pa tron saint. In 17S9 William Mooney, an Irish-Arnerican politician, an up umb!an order, and in 1895 the semi political secret society was incorpOr- ated as the Tammany society. Be sides naming the society after the Indian chief, the members adopted Indian insignia. As early as 1900 the society, under Aaron Burr's mana ge- ment, gained control over New York politics and since then it has devel- oped into the most powerful politi- cal organ anizatton, espe clally as regards local politics in America. It's present chief is Charles F. Murphy, whose principal characteristic is that he never talks.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-12
TO CONTROL OUTwoRNts.

One of the most discoura ging things to the gardener Is to find his young plants cut off close to the sur face of the ground by an insect that has done it's work during the night, has sucked some juice from each and hidden away again to repeat the op- eration. This is done by a number of related species of insects, many of which feed mostly on grasses bur when the field in which they are To- cated is cultivated they attack the new crop in absence of their food If one will dig few inches into tIu ground. close to one of the plants that has been cut, he may find the caterpillar that has caused the dam age. lying cur1ed up avoiding the light of day.
 Prof. G. H. Lamson, Entomologist at Connecticut Agricultural College, Storrs, offers the following sugges- tions for control of cutworms.
 If one has only a few plants, these may be protected by wrapping the stems with paper.
 Cutworms may be trapped by p1ac- ing on the ground small pieces of board under which the cutwor1Ils will crawl to hide during the day. They can then be hunted and killed
 In large gardens and fields the most satisfactory remedy is a poison ed sweetened bran mash which may be prepared as follows. Wheat Bran lbs; Paris Green or White Arsenic, oz.; Lemon. 1 fruit: Cheap MoIas- ses l pint; Water, ' pints
 Mix the bran and poison together when dry. Squeeze the juice from the lemon and cut the pulp and rind in small pieces. Mix with the mo lasses and water and add to the bran and poison, all of which should be stirred to mix thoroughly. Apply by scattering broadcast in the late after noon, so that the cutwOrn1s may feed upon the bait before it become dry. If it is feared that poultry or birds will eat this bait the mash may ba scattered over the field. a spoonful in place, each in a slight depression and covered with a. small board.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-12

pied by 15O of the revolutionistS in cluding the celebrated David Crock cit and Col. James Bowie, inventor Of the bowie knife. After a desperate resistence of II days. the Alamo was carried by storm. All of the surviv- ors in the fort were butchered in cold blood. with the exception of one man, who managed to escape In subse- Guent encounters "Remember the Alamo became the battlecry of the Texans. A little later another body of Americans fell into the hands of Santa Ana, and 33O were shot. Other atrocities aroused the Texans to wild fury, and on April 21, 1886, at the battle of San Jacinto, the MeXicans were routed Santa Ana and 7S0 other Mexicans were taken prisoners, and S3O Mexicans were slain, while only two Texans were killed. Santa Ana was president during the war with the United States. and held of flee third time from 1853 to 1856.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-05-12
SANTA ANA'S ACCESSION
 TO MEXICAN PRESIDENCY

Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana Is a name highly esteemed by Mexicans as that of one of their greatest generals and presidents, but 1t still leaves a bitter taste in the mouths of Texans, who cannot forgive or forget the { tragedy of. the Alamo. It was S6 years ago today. May 12, 1888, that Santa Ana became president of the Mexican republic He had taken a, prominent part in the expulsion of the Spaniards from Mexico, but Augustin Iturbide. the 1eader.of the rebels, had no sooner established his empire than Santa. Ana turned against him. It was Santa Ana who proclaimed the republic In 1922. A majority of the troops focked to his standard. and Augustin I. was forced to flee the country. He went to Italy, but returned the following year, and was executed. Gen. Guad- a1upe Victoria became president of the republic, and in 1880 Bustamente made himself dictator, succeeding Guerrero, who had overthrow Vic toria. In the meantime Santa Ana had added to his popularity by aiding '' in the defeat of the Spanish army which had been sent over in 1929, in answer to a decree of expulsion directed against all the Spaniards- in the country. The invaders were com pletely routed and Spain was forced to recognize the independence of its former dependency.
 From the beginning of the republic the ambitious Santa Ana had been biding his time until the suspicious moment arrived for achieving su- preme power. It came in 1898 and Santa Ana became the executive head of a nation which stretched from Louisiana and Colorado westward to the Pacific. Many Americans had settled in Texas, and shortly after Santa Ana's election they held a con- ventton, determined to separate Texas from Coahuila, prepared a constitu- ton, and asked Santa Ana to make Texas a.,separate state of the Mexican repubic. Col. Stephen F. Austin was sent to Mexico City to present the de- rnands of the 10000 Americans of Texas. The crafty Santa Ana de- ta4ned him on one pretext or another until 1885, and, while keeping the Texans quiet by promising to accede to their demands, he raised an army and sent 1t against the Texans with the intention of driving them from the country, The Texans organized, se1ected Sam Houston as their com rnander and prepared to resist. Early in 1888 Santa Ana set out at the head of 5000 MexIcans to drive out the revolution1sts and all persons of for eiEn birth. Tn March the army reached San Antonio, where the old mission church. the Alamo, had been converted into a fort and was occu-