davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1919-09-18

II being held here in conjunction WITH
The centennial celebration OF tn.
founding OF the order The street, are
alive with thousands Of member Of
the order uniformed branch OF the Or
yanization.
The annual parade OF the Patriarchs
Militant will take place tomorrow
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1919-09-18
MIolmsim Cotton prIea Rssomm.od.d,

NNw Orleans Committee recon.
niendotions thss thirty.six cspts for
geptethhcr cotton with m Increase "
hsif cent pound = month until
forty cents n reached for May BE- set
a. ! minimum prizes for cotton wers
endorsed IT meeting heve of COTTON
producers. held under the auspices Of
The American Cotton Association. A
resolutIon aIso was adopted urging
that another meeting BE- called in the
near future 10 discAss : higher min
isum psioe.
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1919-09-18
0DD FELLOWS BEGIN
ANNUAL CONVENTION

= Baltimore. Md. Sept is--The sover
clgn grand lodge, independent Order
tof Odd Fellows, settled down to work
4 oday at lheIr annual meeting. whis'i
The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1919-09-18

trir,t Published in the Guthrie taily
Leader, Sept NJ, 1927
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Darwin's Missing Link

of fossil remains has been very slow and fortutous
process Nor should it be forgotten that those regions
which most likely to afford remains connecting
with extinct apeIke creature have not yet been
searched by geoogsts.
I'm the class OF mammals the steps not dhicult
conceive which lead from the ancient monotrenata TO
the ancient marsupas and from these 10 early prOgentors
of the plaCenta mammals We thus ascend TO Lemu-
ridae and the interval is wide from these TO the
Smiidae. The Smdae then branched off into great
stems-the New World and the Old World monkeys-and
from the latter, at remote period the wonder and
the glory of the universe proceeded Thus have given
pedigree OF prodgous length, but not il may be
said noble quality The world, il has often been
marked appears it had long been preparing for tho
of and this in is strictly true, for
he his birth long line of progentors IL any single
link in this chain had existed would not have
been exactly what he is Unless wilfuy close our
eyes, may with present knowledge, approximately
recognize parentage need feel ashamed of IT,
The most humble organism is something much higher than
inorganic dust under feet and no one with an un'
biassed mind study any living creature however num-
be without being struck with enthusiasm at its marvellous
structure and properties.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Life CrO,cs
Unbear0ble

Life becoming unbearable In the Mil
Ter church, to which he belonged, he
transferred his membership to the
Martins Greek church, which is more
liberal and progressive. lie said that
he had the consent of the pastor Of the
Miller church to do this. This good
man is now dead, and Ginerich could
not prove his story. Later Ginerich
Joined the Bunker Hill church, and In
this church the men may hold their
trousers up as they please, and even
own and ride in automobiles.
In the old Miller church neighbor-
hood Ginerich had become ostracized.
lie was unable to obtain help on bis
farm. The cider mills refused 10 han
die his apples. He was even denied
the privilege Of attending his daugh-
ter's wedding and could not attend the
feast that followed. He became
sstrsnged from his child. III the
church smitss father" the young
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
An Amish Mennon.
ite Won His Per.
sonal Liberty

men do. They never see their prospect
i've brides, exeep, a. church, until The
minister Of the flock has obtained the
consent Of the parents Of both and has
arranged for the wedding.
In the course Of time tho wedding
ceremony takes place, and this 10 fol.
lowed by the feast, TO which church
people come for miles around. Eli
Ginerich was denied the privilege Of
giving his daughter In marriage or par
taking Of the feast that followed the
ceremony.
The peace and dignity Of man de-
pend much on the way In which he
holds up his trousers Eli Ginsrieh
will be blessed through the ages 80 the
man who caused the courts to rule that
one may wear suspenders and still bs
entitled to public respect. that be may
wear suspendsrs and still walk down
the golden streets cf Paradise.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

THARLES DARWIN doesn't exactly the term
missing link" but his whole theory of the descent
~ of man rested upon mans emergence out of the
animal world. In chapter headed, "On Afinities
and Geneaogy" in "The Descent of Man. find the great
scientist declaring:
"The great break in the organic chain between
and his allies which cannot be brdged by
extinct living Species has often been advanced
grave objection to belief that is descended from
lower form; but this objection will not appear to have much
weight those who from general believe in the
general principle Of evolution Breaks often in all
parts of SERIES being wide, sharp and defined;
others, less in various degrees, between the
allies between Tarsius and other Lemuridae
between the elephant, ard in striking
between the Ornithorhy hynchus Echdna, and all other
mammals But these breaks depend merely on the number
of related which have become extinct. At
future period very distant measured by centuries,
civilized of will almost certainly exerm-
nate and replace the throughout the world
. With respect to absence OF fossil remains, serving
with his apelike prOgenitors, will
Law this fact who reads Sir 6. Lyells dis
cusson cEenens Of Geology Antiquity of MANI, where
that in all the vertebrate classes the discovery
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
gibbon, and, fourth, the orang. Hut

gibbon, and, fourth, the orang. Rut
DR.. Garner also adds: 1T is pos
sible, however. that il may yet be
found that the gibbon is intellec-
tually the highest Of this group"
Certainly Toto ought to boost the
batting average Of the gibbon
family.
The arms Of man are shorter
than his legs, but in apes the com
parative length Of these features IL
reversed. Toto's arms, for ex
ample, are about as long as both hi:
legs and body. but this is not won
dered at by any one who has seen
him swinging by his arms in a tree.
Another distinctive feature about
Toto and all Of his fellows il the
lack Of any suspicion Of tail. That
also shows progress. Then, too,
while there is webbing between the
first and second and third and
fourth toes of his feet to the first
joint from the palm of his foot
there is absolutely no webbing be-
tween his fingers. There Is more
progress.
Toto las a very workmsnlike and
altogether efficient thumb, and that
thumb. skinny and black, marks a
development that puts his species as
far ahead Of ordinary monkeys as
President Wilson and Lloyd George
are ahead Of their forebesrs who
lived in caves and killed their
animal food with their teeth.
In his book Professor Garner
saws that man. standing erect, ha'
the greatest range Of vocal powers
Of any animal and man also has the
greatest control over them. lr
vocal range, he says, the apes come
next in order, then by descending
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Interesting
Legally

The trial Of the case was not with
out It's interesting legal aspects. A
court cannot take part in a church dis
pute unless the civil rights OF the
parties are involved. Judge Kinkesd
In an extended review Of the case de-
clared that religious liberty granted TO
Ginerich under the Constitution had
been interfsred with. His home had
been broken up through his daughters
having practically disowned him. And
he had been boycotted contrary to law,
he having been unable to carry on
business relations with his neighbors.
Many refused to buy from or sell TO
him, and in this district Of between
5000 and 1000 Mennonite people he was
helpless. The question Of damages
was not pushed in Ginerich's suit. but
the opinion has been expressed that
had the action been brought under the
law invoked in tho famous hatters' case
he might have obtained . good sized
judgment.
The Amish church 10 the old-fash-
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
I his
Is!
7 OTTO
60. Toto went. Chance sent him to
Staten Island.

CO.. Ioto went. Cnance sent MIN 10
Staten Island.
With this power to understand
some Of the remarks addressed to
him, Toto combines vocal imita-
tive faculty. He readily initiates
the barking Of dog, the cries of
birds, and mechanical noises, such,
for example, as a foghorn. This
last he has learned since he was sent
to Staten Island. He makes those
noises in the fashion of a parrot.
The use Of human expressions by
parrots does not excite surprise be-
cause it is realized that the birds
are simply exercising peculiar
ability without the correlative rea-
soning that marks the progression of
Toto.
For several decades Professor
Garner has been devoting himself to
the study Of the speech and habits
of monkeys and apes. For a long
time he studied them in captivity.
Then he determined to go to their
native haunts and study them under
more favorable conditions. 1t was
in July, 1892, that he started for
the Ogowe River, $50 miles from
the port of Gaboon in the French
Congo. Since then he has made
many trips to Africa on similar
mission and recently returned from
another.
Professor Garner devised steel
cage in which he lived in the humid
heart Of the Jungle for many months
with his only companion tanned
chimpanzee. The things he learned
in that haunt Of strange and savage
beasts Professor Garner has put
into his books. In one Of these,
"Apes and Monkeys" he expresses
q conviction of the existence
Of a primitive form of speech
among apes and then sets out to
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Man Nav Wear Suspenders and Remain Christian

at service. The bishops and elders and
preachers a:e chosen from among the
wisest men Of The denomination, and
their word is absolute law among the
people Nc man is permitted to be-
come full-hedged member Of the
Church until he has grown . beard or
has given evidence that he can grow
one. These boards are never touched
by scissors. although each man bears
clean-shaven lip. A girl is not sd-
mitted to church membership until she
has proved her womsnly qualifications.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

woman said on the witness stand, "it Is
my duty to shun him, even if il means
denial Of our relationship" His wife
stood by him, however, although there
had been trouble between them. His
brother remained true to him, and be-
cause Of 1t he, too, was "meidened."
Then Ginerich went to court to es-
tablish his rights in the eyes Of his
fellowmen. He brought suit against
seven bishops and elders Of the Amish
church. Judge Kinkead, who went to
Millersburg. heard the case with the
aid Of interpreters and granted Giner-
ich the injunction he asked for, but
denied him damages. Although the de-
PENDANTS in the case had an attorney
Of record they prepared their own an
swer to Ginerich's suit. They cited
Scriptures in defence Of their action OF
stunning or "meidening" and closed
with this prayer;
1--WE hereby beg the court for the
freedom and our forefathers have
heretofore enjoyed under the govern
mcnt Of our country, which we hereby
acknowledge" The Amish people are
very sincere in their beliefs. I'VE
have our church rules and they must
be obeyed," declared ons OF the
preachers from behind . luxurisn'
growth Of whisksrs while on the VT
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

in which they were all so vitality in
terested.
Judge Crow knew that Judge Kinkead
was unbiased as TO religion. and he
felt that lie was without prejudice, too,
In the matter Of .suspenders. In the
winter time Judge Kinkead wears sus-
penders, in the summer a belt. And
/ Il is said that even he has been seen
walking about the spacious grounds at
his homo In the Indianols district Of
this city wearing neither. merely trust
ing TO fortune nnd tho little clasp
which tailors put in the waistbsnd Of a
mans trousers.
And now that We have established
tho absolute impartiality Of the trial
court we may proceed with the case.
Eli Ginerich is an Amish Mennonite
farmer Of Holmes County. He is Nifty
two, but looks like seventy. He is moro
proYressive than his brethren. Ho be-
lievss in wearing suspenders. II is no
ones business, he says, how a man
holds up his trousers. so long as he
holds them up. He is not a union man.
either, because he doesn't believe in
boycotting. He Is opposed TO "melden-
ing" or blscklisting, by the Church.
Cinsrieh persisted In wearing sus-
psndsYs. He also discarded the little
pssjsekst which true Amish Nsnnon-
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

man to initiate and which imitation
is readily understood by the CHM
panzee addressed. He has learned
other sounds for calling. warning,
cold, discomfort. drink or thirst,
sickness and death.
Perhaps the most significant fact
that he has learned in his investiga-
tions is that monkeys not only
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

prove it. He says various species Of
monkeys have their particular sets
of sounds not understood by other
species; that the speech is not such
as to enable monkeys to carry on
connected conversation, and al
though it is voluntarily deliberate
and articulate, it is usually limited
to a single sign or remark which is
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

oned, straitlaeed faction Of the old
Mennonite Church Of the Protestant
Christians which arose in Switzerland
several centuries ago. The name Men
monte was taken, however, from the
name of Mennon Simons, who was the
church leader in Holland. Most Of
them speak low German and in the
trial at Millersburg an interpreter was
required upon several occasions. They
believe in discipline rather than
dogma. and declare discipline more i'm
portant than learning. They are op-
posed to the vanities of the world,
take no part in civic affairs, love peace
and despve war Jacob Amxen became
the head Of one Of the branches of the
Mennonite Church in Europe years ago,
and the Holmes County branch faith
fully adhere to his teachings. With
them communication from the
church dissolves marriages and divorce
is refused except on the ground Of
adultery. The hrst settlement Of Men
nonites in this country was made at
Germantown, Penn, under promise OF
religious freedom given by william
Penn.
The Amish Mennonites have nc
church buildings, but in each dwelling
house there is q room large enough to
accommodate several hundred persons
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Such Is the Holding
|. of an Ohio
Judge
By Bert D. Strang

|NoLUMBUs. Ohio--A man may
III wear suspendsrs. even sus-
~ Dend.rs With rubber in them,
and s.ill be . Christian. And
|" one has the right to blacklist him
1T 1t, either.
This Solomonie decision has Just
Ven rendered by Judge z. B. Kinkssd.
~ nis city. in . case which arose in
holmes County involving the beliefs
|oA practices Of the Arnish Mennonitss.
'adgs W. N. Grow. Of Millsrsburs.
NJ Of Holmes County, in whose court
" salt was Instituted. felt that he
:" disqasllksd from hearing the case
Ssssuss when . young man he had
esxht school Ia the district where the
ssanonitss live. He had lived among
ssn, had eaten st their tables and had
~ 10 their bs4s. Thsy were ell his
vsslG So II vas snbssrassiag u
= = y sajlsl vpsa - lsslls . sss1
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Games After
Serrice

After religious services II is Gus
tomsry for the young men 70 engage in
athletic feats, while the girls look on.
The young women ponder on the mas
culine beauty OF the participants in
the athletic performances. and this
often leads to courtship and marriage.
Attracted by tho manly form Of . fel.
low. tho girl picks him out as her fut-
ure husband. and II when he stsrs
for home he hnds her seated In his
buggy he knows he has been tagged
for the wedding ceremony.
The Amish men do not court a. oths
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

replied to in the same manner.
Professor Garner has been able to
distinguish about 100 different
sounds, the meaning Of thirty Of
which he has interpreted. He has
recorded ten distinct sounds or
words Of chimpanzee language,
among them a sound for food.
which, he says, is not difficult for a
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

possess and exercise the faculty Of
speech, but that they are able to
acquire new speech sounds. This
Toto, the gibbon. has done.
Professor Gamer ranks the
anthropoid, or manlike. apes in the
order Of their mental and social
characteristics as follows: First,
chimpanzee; second. gorilla; third,
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Y EVENT that would hav'

n Darwin and Huxley oc-
CURED recently on Staten
,.,.nd. An ape. a hairy black sib-,
,,,. named Toto. uttered an Eng
,.A vord. Half dozen unimpeach-
-. witnesses formed the audience
,h.. hard the animal speak. All OF
,,.u are prepared to swear that the
.,.. linguistic effort was for the
,uro,se Of entreating a young wOn'-
A. to whom he had become at
,.ehsd, not to leave him. 1t was a
,..xued expression. voluntary and
srtieulate.
n. word he used was mo-" He
. Uttered it as double negative no.
no. in the fashion it frequently has
,..n addressed to him by the colored
,irl servant of his owner. Lady
Grace Mackenzie, a huntress OF
African big game.
Toto is not the first ape to learn
4. ,,.t.v a human word. Moses, a
h.bv chimpanzee who, for many
u,ontbs was the solitary companion
II Professor Richard L. Garner in
. cage in the heart Of the Congo
Jungle, is believed to be the first ape
70 be taught to speak human word
His word was "feu," the French
word for fire, and the "f," according
10 Professor Garner, sounded a bit
,;ks w. Show Moses a lighted
match or any kind Of fire and he
would say "feu."
Toto is about five years old. He
Was born in some jungle Of the Ma
nv Peninsula. He was not quite
. year old when captured by a dark
sk;nned native, who sold him to an
English army officer. This man car
ued his pet to Africa, and there
rave him to Lady Mackenzie, she
says, when he was ordered to Join
troops on the Western front
Practically all Of this animals life
as been spent in the society of hu-
nan beings-English speaking peo'
pie. His back, sides and limbs are
covered with a coarse black hair,
4, about the texture Of the coat Of a
| collie dog. His arms are longer than
4 bis legs, and when he walks he holds
them over his head to balance him.
self, 50 that he appears like a Ger
man soldier shouting "Kamerad."
The gibbon is the only species OF
animal besides man that habitually
walks upright. Judging by Toto,
though, Charlie Chaplin must have
learned his million-dollar walk in
the same jungle. Toto stands not
quite three feet tall, but he is most
nmfortable when his tailless body
Is swinging in a tree, it matters not
70 him whether by one hand or two.
and in a pinch he can hang by a
prehensile foot, two Of the toes Of
which are webbed to the first joint.
Scientists say the gibbon has the
rboreal habit in a more pronounced
degree than any other true ape and,
unlike the gorilla and chimpanzee,
frequently sleeps in trees.
Lady Mackenzie has an apart
.ment IN 30 West Fifty-ninth Street.
4 So, too, has Brand Whitlock, the
American Minister to Belgium. The
diplomats literary endeavors were
seriously disturbed by the mournful
vhoops Of Toto, and the apartment
house superintendent ruled that
Toto would have to be kept else
where or the entire establishment
4 Lady Mackenzie would have to
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

ties are supposed TO wear. 1t Is pos
sible, too, that he rode in buggy with
dashboard and a whip socket. lie
defied the Church rules, and the Church
punished him by "meidening" him.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
On Staten Island There's an Ape Who Talks English!

scale the vocal powers are restricted
in scope and degraded In quality
until in the lowest reptiles they are
lost in . mere hiss.
Az Toto and his fellow gibbons
alone with man are the only species
to walk upright on the face Of the
earth, it would seem that Professor
Gamers theory about the relation
Of vocal powers to posture was veri-
fed in Lady MacKenzie's bowling
gibbon from the Malay Peninsula.
Professor Garner in defining
speech says: "Any oral sound volun-
tarily made for the purpose Of con-
veying . preconceived idea from
the mind Of the speaker to the mind
of another is speech. Any oral
sound so made and so discharging
this function in the animal economy
is speech"
From observation devoted TO .
brown Cspuchin monkey in cap
tivity Professor Garner learned the
most important word in the print
tive language Of that species. II Is
"wh-oow" and means food. Drink.
or thirst, in monkey tongue. as
nearly a. Professor Garner can
spell IL phonetically. is chevy"
Briefly. he says that the speech
Of monkeys and human speech re-
semble each other in all essential
points. The speech sounds OF
monkeys are voluntary. deliberate
and artieulate. The ape speaker, he
says, shows that he is conscious Of
the meaning he desires to convey
II the ape addressed does not re-
spond the sound is repeated.
"The fact that animals are able
TO interpret human speech says
Professor Garner, sis Of itself
proof that they possess the speech
instinct. But a careful study Of
their habits reveals the further
proof that they possess and exercise
the faculty Of speech. In addition
TO these facts they sometimes ac-
quire new speech sounds. This Is
progress.
Toto has acquired new speech
signs. He has progressed.
"If an ape can take one step IN
the development Of speech, why may
he not take two7" asks Professor
Garner. Then he recites the story
Of the capture Of Moses, a baby
. chimpanzee, in wild papyrus
swamp Of the Ogowe River. A ma.
tive who sold him TO the naturalist
found the little fellow, then only
few months old. half starved and
marooned on a tiny island made By
the rising river. lie evidently had
been left there by his mother, who
had been unable 10 find her way
back TO her offspring or else had
met some form Of the death that Is
always stalking the jungle people.
Living alone with Professor Gar.
ner in his steel cage in the jungle
Moses proved TO be a charming
companion and brilliant scholar.
His tutor attempted 10 teach him
three words, holding him on his lap
BY the hour and repeating over and
over again the words he wished his
pupil 10 learn. The words selected
by Professor Garner we're NAM
ma" almost a universal word ~
human speech; "feu.' the French
word for Gre. and the German
word vie
Bribed 10 make repeated efforts
with bits Of corned beef. Moses fn-
ally succeeded fairly well with the
: word "feu" except that his - wa
more like ~" He would try Ia
utter all three words. but In At.
tempting "wie," Professor Garner
says, he gave the "w" element more
like the English than tho German
I sound Of that letter.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

ness stand. All viewed the wearing OF
suspenders as crime against the
church; a crime that might endanger
the wearer to eternal punishment.
The Morning Tulsa daily world. [volume] (Tulsa, Okla.) 1919-1927, 1919-07-18
GARRY HERMANN
ASTOUNDED AT ACTION.

CINCINNATI. July l1-August
Hermann. president OF the tincin-
natl bah club. was astoundcd when
informed today that at a meeting OF
the board OF directors of the National
league the second game with PITS,
burEh on July had been ordered
eNpunRoI from the records.
ITO begin with" said Nj Herr
mann. the board OF directors has
nothing TO do with tho matter THIS
profess or complaint must he de-
cldod solely by the president OF 'h'
league
But what astounds me most ne
continued, lis the fact that This de-
cisloa was rendered cnnuhiy t1 me
rules OF the constitution which si''e
plainly that he shall decide the case
after receiving answer from me c.u .
agains. which a complain Is i.,ed. l
cannot conceive OF President hel pr
Ter deciding this case Wiihou, h'a' ns;
the Cincinnati side Of a. have wired
him to that effect"