davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
DIR. Eaton Says Wilson
''Balled Up" League

The country wants a league of ma
tions, even though President Wilson
'has balled the thing up," the Rev. DR..
Charles A. Eaton told the congregation
of the Madison Avenue Baptist Church
last night. DR.. Eaton defended the
Senators who signed the protest
against the league and was applauded
from all parts Of the church for his
support.
"We have a provision in our Consti-
tution," he said, "that the President
has the right to fix treaties with the
advice and consent of the Senate. 1t
makes me sick to hear people CRITICS.
ing the thirty-nine Senators for doing
what it was their sworn obligation
to do.
"They are not rubber stamps. 1
think Mr.. Wilson made it difficult for
the American people to accept the
league. l am going to help him get it,
not the one he brought, but a better
one. He should have asked the people
last year, both Republican and Demo
crat, to elect the best men they had,
instead Of that appeal for a Demo
cratic majority which he promptly did
not get.
knew he could not do q thing unless
he had the Senate with him. Why did
he treat them as if they were deaf,
dumb and blind?
"Dont throw your bricks at the Sem
ate alone. Heave 'em at the Senate
and the President, both"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Senators Are Urged to Go to Paris
10 right Present World League Plan

league of nations might be delayed un-
tll after the preliminary treaty of
peace. The statement in these cables
That the council had attempted to
meet the objections of the thirty-nine
slgners of the round robin in the
senate by omitting the league from
opponents of the league with nrofound
satisfaction. Wonder was expressed in
many quarters as to how the council
would take the action of the President
IN issuing public statement denvino
That the council would take such ar,
ton. ""e" ac-
Wilson Power Still Conceded
IL was suggested that some of the
cap!es since the President reached
Parls the second time have indicated
tnat the President has lost much of
the prestige which attended his first
vlslt' ana Is now regarded merely as
one OF the peace commissioners on
ponents of the league, however, are
enterta1nlng no rainbow hopes on the
strength of these dispatches. Thev
admit they have grim task ahead
OF them in making their opinions
heard in Paris against the positive
declaration of the President that Amer
favor Of the league.
sional circles here over criticism of
tn the uIF,ag 1eague H, by the Paris correspondent
effect that "there is no provision for
popular representation, no body bear
ing any close resemblance to the gen
eral conference suggested by General
Smuts. The original British proposal
was to establish a council of delegates
to consist Of ambassadors and officials.
Ihe objections to this arranoomor+
were obvious. A new proposal was
made for council to consist Of repre-
ssntatives Sc, of the different parliaments.
This was rejected, but the original pro
posal was modified to the extent that
the the, method Of choice of delegates is
now left to the several governments.
There is much curiosity as to Just
how the American commissioners voted
on the proposal, which would have
forced the selection of Americas rep
resentatives on the governing body of
the league from the ranks of Con-
gress. Confidence is expressed, however,
that President Wilson did not favor
this proposal.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Tor the victims. There would be moth
ing left but to despair OF humanity"

ior i the victims. There would be moth
ing ielt out TO despair OF humanity"
Sees System Disturbed
The Socialist organ "Humanite"
quotes "The New Republic" of New
York, on the issues between Mr.. Will
son and Premier Clemenceau, and re-
marks:
"lf Wilson can hold firm, no great
man in history will deserve more mo q the tns
gratitude Of humanity"
Action Francaise," the Roval;st or
gan, asks whether the causes of hesita-
ton and delay in the Allied policy ro-
garding Germany have disappeared
When Mr.. Wilson arrived in France
first he had a doctrine" the paper saws.
,'The society of nations must be the
pasls o. peace; universal justice must
rest on the force of universal league
and IN exchange guarantees and ad-
vantages were promised by the league.
France was asked to be less exacting
IN the matter of the securities and in
IDENTITIES she expected from peace.
Such as it was, it was a system. But
IN this system something to-day has
been disturbed.
Points to Opposition Here
"While Mr.. Wilson was still in Paris
France encountered resistance when
she asked that the league should have
a sufficient military force to make it.
self respected. Now it is not alone in
the conference of the Allies that this
lnslstance is encountered. 1t comes
from the United States, where the bur
dens and obligations which a really
efficacious league Of nations would
bring in its train are not to the taste
of everybody.
"This dislike is so vigorously ex
pressed that it would be imprudent to
misunderstand it. 1t is the new fact
OF which Mr. Wilson himself must take
account to-day, and we must not lose
sight of the future consequences.
Consider Fate of France
What could happen to France if,
having made large concessions to the
views of the President, his system of
insurance against war risks was NOT
approved by the United States? What
would happen, again, if, the Presidency
OF Mr.. Wilson having ended, America.
under new leadership, broke the links
attaching her to this society of mutual
insurance?
1T would be little late then to re-
gret the sacrifices we had made in ex-
change for simple promise. What the
society of nations does not give us
the peace should give us, and vice
versa" 'A~0
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Calder Says League
In Present Form is
Breeder of Warfare

United States Senator William M.
Calder announced last night that if the
covenant of the league of nations in it's
present form were made part of the
peace treaty he intended to oppose
the entire treaty in Congress.
~ shall do all in my power to re-
jcct the entire proposition" he said.
81 reiteratc my statements that I am
not opposed to a league Of nations nor
to any scheme nor alliance that reason
ably attempts to restrain and guide
human nature, but find nothing in the
proposed league of nations that does
not make more for war than for peace.
"What is more abhorrent, it under
mines all the great principles under
which this government has grown to
be the most prosperous and most pow
erful in the world, subjugates our
sovereignty, interfercs with our internal
admln1stration and calls upon us to
furnish blood and treasure that the
old and worn-out philosophy of an
alien world shall not PERISH
Senator Calder also said that the
first thing to do in the present
emergency was to have Congress re-
convene
"To deny that Congress cannot meet
whenever 1t sees lit is to deny that
the people can meet" he said. "The
enormity of this evil cannot be con-
ceived.
THE President has power only bv
and with the advice and consent Of the
Senate to make treaties, provided two
thirds of the Senators present concur.
Congress will unquestionably follow
the dictates of the people. How then,
are we to find out? How, then, is
Europe to learn what this country
wants? Only by Congress convening
and lnstructing our delegates to the
peace conference. There is no other
way in law, precedent or conception
that this can be done.
Congressional elections in 1918 re-
pudiated President Wilson by more
than 100000 votes. The league of
nations is not partisan issue but the
last Congress elected. which has never
been in session, is the only Congress
which represents the will of the Unit
ed States. We should and will learn
the opinion of that Congress before
any treaty of peace or league of ma
tions is entered into by the United
States"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Speed Peace Now,
League Later, Plea
OF Defence Society
President Asked to Fix
Stern Terms at Once
and Allow Time to Dis
cuss the World Plan

That the treaty of peace should be
concluded Immediately and the ques-
ton Of league of nations dealt with
afterward is the opinion of the Amer
lean Defence Society. In statement
sent President Wilson signed by the
entire board of trustees of the society
it is urged that the censorship of
cables between America and Europe
be so modified as to permit the full
opinions of France, England, Italy
and of the United States becoming
reciprocally known concerning the de-
tall> of any proposed plan to lessen
future wars. The statement follows:
"In view of the world disorder which
has followed the attempt to institute a
league of nations without making
peace, in view of the marked differences
which have arisen as to the particular
plan for league which was tenta-
lively put forward at Paris, in view of
the fact that it is now universally con-
ceded that it must be amended and
changed and in view of the fact that
more time will be lost, to the ever
growing peril Of those great world in
terests which the peace conference
at Paris has been assembled to safe
guard, the American Defence Society
believes the President of the United
States should take all necessary steps
and exert his utmost endeavors along
certain lines.
Treaty Wanted First
First, obtain prompt agreement,
wholly apart from any league of ma
tions, upon the terms of peace and the
adoption of a treaty of peace of such
nature as will render the outlaw ma
ton, Germany, and her outlaw allies,
Austria Hungary, Bulgaria, and Tur-
key, powerless to make war for long
period of time
"And it respectfully points out that
the terms of peace should embrace
and provide for: A. The personal
punishment of German, Austrian, Bull
garian and Turkish military criminals,
and full disclosure of the German
spies and emissaries since August
l. 1914, as we'll in this country as in
the other belligerent and neutral ma
tions; B. Full reparation for and
full restitution to the invaded lands,
with the exacting of the cost of the
war from the outlaw nations and pro-
visions for the prompt payment or the
part thereof as may be possible within
the next fifty years. with a guarantee
of performance by such occupation OF
their territories and control of their
finances and resources as will secure
the same.
at further respectfully petitions
that censorship Of cables between
America and Europe be so modified as
to permit the full opinions of France,
England, Italy and of the United
States to become reciprocally known
concerning the details of any proposed
plan to lessen future wars that there
may be q full exchange of views there
on whereby whatever plan is ultimately
adopted will be one openly arrived at
and understandingly assented to, and
therefore the more likely to endure.
ut also respectfully urges that am
pie time be provided for the full dis
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Official Attacked After He
Freed Soldiers Held at
Tien.tsin, Says Report
Then Fighting Started
Regulars, Not Marines, In
volved in Rioting, Off
Ger Wires to Washington

PEKING, March ID (By The Asso-
cated Press) ).-While early reports
from Tien-tsin suggested that Ameri-
can marines we're to blame for the re-
cent disorders there, later reports
would seem to show the Japanese also
were at fault.
1t is asserted Japanese military
guards entered the French concession
and seized two Americans, and when
anese police authorities if any Ameri-
cans we're being detained they were
given negative answer, according to
q report.
American officials later found two
Americans in a police station, one of
thenr lying almost naked in the yard,
calling for water. The Japanese were
induced to send the injured man to a
hospital. An American consul refused
man, corporal, had been released.
This demand finally was granted
The American consul was stoned by
Japanese as he drove away from the
station, it is said.
When American marines entered the
Japanese consulate they are reported
to have attacked a visitor.
Thursday evening American marines
entering moving picture theatre. in
the French concession were attacked
by crowd of Japanese armed with
sticks. They managed to enter the the
atre, the proprietor of which tele-
phoned for the French police, who dis
persed the Japanese.
The situation at Tien-tsn is said to
be tense. The matter has been referred
to the French Legation here
WASHINGTON, March 16-Colonel
Theodore P. Kane, commanding the
American Legation marine guard at
Peking, reported to-day that marines
were not involved in the disturbance
ister is investigating. He oaid the
trouble was between soldiers and Jap
ancse, which accords with the assump-
tion in official quarters here that men,
bers of the 18th Regular Infantry, sta
toned at Tien-tsin, were confused with
marines in early accounts of the al
fair.
The State Department is awaiting
further advices from Minister Reinsch
before taking any step in regard to the
report that the Japanese consulate
was raided. The minister cabled yes
terday that he had sent First Secretary
Spencer to Tien-tsin to report.
Colonel Kane's message, sent in re-
sponse to an inquiry from Major Cen
eral Barnett, commandant of the Ma
rnc Corps, follows:
"No trouble between American ma
rines and Japanese. Trouble between
army troops and Japanese in Tien-
tsin. Investigation being held by
American Minister. Taking every pre-
caution to prevent friction"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17

cussion in this country of anv 49,,
proposed plan to lessen the nro,sS0' sIs'
ity of future wars, in order tbst s!s W
people Of this country shall have sns; NJ
aforesaid full opportunity to enter ;ss INV
the same understandingly, and to TN n.
end that they shall not in anv sv.s .a
be confronted with proposals vh;S
they may deem repugnant to the ~ ~
ditions and to the best interest ~ ~
United States inextricably mins.
with terms for bringing the exisf;s.
war to a definite termination. 't,y a. ~.
moral pressure would be brouvbt' 'A'' :.
bear. upon the treaty making nav., y
of the United States to assent to H.,
which either it or the people did M. !.
deem suitable, safe or wise. ~
ut further respectfully pet;t;.,,
that certain fundamental policies A.
the United States shall be uneoui,as y
ally promulgated forthwith by anita,
ity so that no plan for lessenine futn,
wars shall be negotiated which viii
either permit any of the OUTLAW IA
treaty breaking nations to heeom.
members of any association Of r,tiors
at any time before all terms connsstsS
with the making of peace shall hsw
been complied with by them; or vhis
can by any possibility bring about Al
infringement of the Monroe Doctrir.
in its full extent; or which can dimir.
ish the right of the United States 10 i.
the sole judge of what measures Az.
necessary for the national defence: .,
which shall or can be construed "A
diminish the right of the United St.s,
to be the sole arbiter of its IA.
mestic and economic affairs, including
all questions relating to tariff. immi.
grafton and naturalization; or which
shall bind the United States to ruaks
war without the consent of its con.
stitutional authorities.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
''Matin" Letter Urges Presi-
dent TO Listen to Appeal
of France for Reparation
Without 1t, World Despair
DE COuvena Points to I'M
touched Germany; Royal.
stOrganWants Showdown
NoW York Tribune

Ncw YORK Tribune
Special Cable Seraice
tcopyright, 1919 New York Tribune 1ncJ
PARIS, March 16.-The feature of
che "Matin" this morning is an open
letter to President Wilson, in which
Henry de Gouvena recalls Mr.. Wilson's
vow not to return to the United States
until peace is signed.
"Signed?" he asks. "Signed, Mr..
President, or guaranteed ?" Then he
demands:
What is peace? A treaty whereto
Germany subscribes her dishonored
signature? Or is it a pact which es-
tablishes society of nations? And
when does that society function? At
the next war only?"
Finally, the letter inquiries:
ITO guarantee all peoples the right
to live, what is needed?" The writer
answers his own question thus:
10 make Germany, that untouched
factory, work to rebuild the factories
destroyed; to overturn economic i'm
perialism as military imperialism was
overturned; and during the years to
come to prevent the predatory empire
from enslaving nations to which we
have wished to give liberty
France Voice of Peoples
at is this need which, in your ab-
sence, all France has translated into
the cry, 'Reparations!' And she is not
asking for herself alone, for it was
never her habit to hope or suffer for
herself alone. To-day as yesterday she
expresses the hope of peoples. She is
their voice. If that voice is louder
than ever it is because, more than ever,
France has the right to speak in the
name of martyrs"
"Listen to her, Mr. President" the
letter proceeds. "Put away from you
those who say reparation is impossible
A year ago they told Clemenceau that
victory was impossible, and his great
ness was that he nevertheless believed
in victory, and victory came. If it were
impossible for Germany, who has been
spared, to repair the wrongs she has
done, it must be still more impossible
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
NetO YorE Tribune
Washington Bureau


WASHINGTON, March 16.-There is
a growing feeling here that several
Senators opposed to the league of ma
tlons constitution as drafted should
visit Paris. This is in addition to the
plan already announced for sending
couriers to Paris to inform the peace
conference and public opinion in Eu
rope as to objections entertained here
to the present text of the covenant.
Only by the presence in Paris of men
of the prestige and international
reputation which would attach to
United States Senators, advocates of
this plan declare, could the ear of the
peace conference be obtained. 1t is
regarded as vitality essential, among on
ponents of the present draft of the con
stitutlon, that very clear under
standing of American objections should
pc placed before members Of the con-
terence before it is too late. It ia
reallzed that while the American pub-
NC can be educated on this question. It
Will be of little avail if that education
IS merely in process when the final
draft of the peace treaty is approved. /.
containing perhaps the very points
which make it so Objectionable to the
opponents of the league of nations
plan.
Senators Object to Goat" Role
In that event the whole burden of
delaying permanent peace, it is as
serted, will fall on those Senators who
insist on amendment of the peace
treaty. 1t would be much better. it ia
declared, to have the objections
brought so forcibly to the attention Of
the peace conference at this time that
the league constitution will be amende d
to meet these objections, or, better
still, postponed until after peace treaty
has been approved and submitted for
ratification.
This feeling that one or more sena-
tors should go to Paris INN ediately
was accentuated tonight by cables
from Paris stating that President Will
son, without consulting other members
of the Council of Ten, had issued his
statement to the effect that there was
no foundation for reports that the
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Military Agreement Of
China and Japan to End

ID EKING, March ID (By The
i Associated Press s).-The mil
itary convention made between
China and Japan in 1918, with a
hitherto undisclosed extension
signed last month, providing for
termination af the agreement on
the signing of the peace treaty,
was made public to-day in Peking
and Toxic.
More than twelve treaties are to
be published in the Chinese and
Japanese capitals. These include
two agreements between the Chi
nese government and the British
Marconi Company and two with
the Siems-Carey Company of the
United States regarding railways
and canals. There are no French
agreements to be made public.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Polish Pr0testur,ts
In German Territory
To Be Ciuen PIebiscite

PARIS, March 16 (B7 The Associ-
ated Press) ).-The report of the Polish
commission on the eastern boundary,
which is on Mondays business before
the council, proposes to give Germany
direct land communication across the
corridor to the Baltic which has been
accorded to Poland, and which cuts off
part OF East Prussia from the rest of
Germany. The report suggests that
for Poland's security the German ter
ritorv to the east of the corridor be
demilitarized
1t Is also proposed by the commits
sion that the 100000 Protestant Poles
in the Mazuran Lake region be al
lowed to determine by plebiscite
whether they shall join Catholic Po-
land Or remain German.
A dispatch to the Havas Agency
from Posen, dated Saturday, says the
German delegation has returned to
Poscn and resumed pourparlers in an
effort to settle the controversy be-
tween Germany and Poland.
! WASHINGTON. March 1s.-Poles Of
Protestant faith. and who, according
70 their statistics, number nearly
10000 have presented to the peace
Eonfcrence memorial asking that
hey be included within the new Polish
plate. The text Of the memorial was
Inade public here to-day by the Polish
bureau.
The memorial declares the entire
)uchy of Teschen is Polish and Ger
fnans are to be found only in the
owns. and the Czecha are a decided
minority. Polish Protestants in Aus
Frian and Prussian Siiesa, Posnania
end Pomerania also ask to be united
1n the new state.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
Allies VIII Dictate
Conditions of Peace
To German Delegates

PARIS, March 10 fBy The Associated
Press The present determination in
peace conference circles is that after
the Allied and Associated Powers
nave reached complete under
standing regarding the conditions to be
Imposed on Germany, the German del
egatcs will be called to Versailles, but
they will not be allowed 10 discuss the
eos1h5t1ons. the intention Of the Allied
nn8 Associated Powers being TO dictate
Either the German delegates must
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17

ments to the league of nations cove
nant, would suggest the admission of
the defeated states as original MEM
bers. The Foreign Office issued a
formal denial, but refused to discuss
the proposals the Argentine govern
ment will make.
Foreign Minister Puerrcydon to-day
informed Frederic j. Stimson, the
United States Ambassador to Argen-
the league of nations In principle. add
ing that the fundamental idea of the
league comedies perfectly with the
principles which have been expressed
by the government"
President Wilson'S return to Paris
IS contrasted with his reception in
December in a dispatch from Paris to
La Prensa" as follows:
"The people of France no longer are
disposed to make noisy demonstrations
after watching months pass with moth
ing substantial done. France takes
little interest in the league of nations,
which is not popular subject. France
sees IN 1T only more or less prob
lematical guarantee of future peace.
The people of Frarce are moro inter-
csted in the present than in the future
and demand peace at once, after which
they are willing to consider measures
for the future
SANTIAGO, Chile, March 16.-The
Chilean government to-day announced
its delegates to the conference cf neu-
trail states in Paris will be Maximiliano
1banez, the Chilean Minister to France;
Carlos Vildosola and Alexandra Alvarez.
Vildosola and Alvarez are in Paris.
VALPARAISO, March 15.-A plea for
the league of nations was made by
Augustin Edwards. former Premier and
former Minister in London, at ban
quet given in his honor last night.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-17
S,Cedes Said to Fauor
Wilson's League Plans

STOCKHOLM, March 1e (By The
Associated Press).--In response to an
invitation of the peace conference at
Paris to neutral countries for an un-
tions, the Swedish government has ap
pointed several delegates. They are
Count De Wrangel and NJ. Ehrens-
vaerd respectively, Ministers to Lon
don and Paris; Deputy Branting and
Deputy Baron Adelsvacrd, and former
Judge Baron Won Wuertemburg.
1t is asserted here that the delegates
are enthusiastic supporters of a league
OF nations along the lines proposed by
President Wilson and are friends of
the idea of speedy general disarma-
ment and the abolition of conscription.