Grants Pass daily courier. (Grants Pass, Or.) 1919-1931, 1919-08-28

the noD-rigid, whose form or shape Is
maintained by pressure OF gas inside.
aided by pressure Of the cables and
ropes which hold the passenger car
underneath. Then there II the rigid
airship, or one having stin wood or
metal framework inside the big gas
bog 10 hold It's shape for IT, The semi
rigid nIrship has a rigid metal or wood.
en- keel or spine along It's under side.
which holds II partly in shape. Bal
looms and airships have appendices
FOO. The appendix Is hose leading
from the bottom side Of the gns bng TO
the car and used for Initiating II. or. In
The case of the 0id-fashloned spherIcpi
balloon. Ike big rubber bail, II serves
TO equalize the gns pressure inside.
AN aviator il an operator or pilot Of
nn airplane. or any heavIer-ihanaIr
craft. a balloon Is lIghier-tlinn-alr
crnft. The term aviator applies TO
either q man or a woman who drives
nirplnnes. The term fuselnge' Is com
mon, yet not wholly understood. II Is
the body of the nir1ilane. or the fabric
covered framework which holds the en-.
glne In front. the pilots seat aud pas
senger area In the center between the
wings and then runs back 10 the tail.
"pope" Used on Aircraft.
"The trail group Is general and It
contains. besides the rudder or rud-
ders. depending on the type of machine,
elevators In horizontal position. one
on either side OF the rudder. and fins
which are vertical TO the elevators and
are fixed. forming one plane with the
rudder when II Is In a natural position.
The controls are the wheel or stick
for use OF the pilot In guiding his craft.
the same as the wheel Of nm automobile
or the rudder bar Of boat. A control
has three uses, where In other vehicles,
such as the motOrcar or boat. only two
uses can he found for it,. The reason
Is that aviators have 10 contend with
three dimensions. An auto or boat can
travel only backward or forward. or
sidewise. A plane can do these things
and besides can go either up or down.
"A hangar is II shed for an airplane.
An airplane also has dope in large
quantities. Dope is substance re-
sembling glue. etc. used In treating
the cloth surfaces OF airplanes and bal
looms 10 increase strength, produce
thntness and act ms filler to maintain
| the air and prevent the fabric from
leaking or tearing. It's base usually Is
cellulose. The nacelle of an airplane
or dirlcible Is n structure to which the
wings are attached. The engine Is
'ored and the passengers are sta
TONED In II. A naeelle never extends
back to the tail, but sometimes pro-
trudes out in front and holds the pro-
peller.
The term pancake came into use
during the war. 1t means that IN air
plane. when landing, strc ghtens out
almost level with the ground. instead
OF diving into II. In other cases the
tail Is dropped lower than the nose. SO
that the wings catch the air and re-
tard the force OF the descent. A pom
toon is float or buoyant construction
attached either under the wings of a
hydroplane or flying boat or under it's
body to keep 1t afloat. When we speak
In terms of speed. we mean air speed.
or the relative speed of an airplane In
the air. and deducting the actual speed
OF the air from the distance we have
Travelled. Ground speed is more COM
mon. If we travel from one point to
another In ten minutes, making fifteen
miles from A to b. W. say that the
ground speed was mile and "a half
minute. or 80 miles an hour. The un-
dercarriage of plane is the structure
by which 1t is enabled to land; the
braces and wheels, between which n
skid bar is sometimes located"