The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1919-05-02
ANTIQUITY or
DECORATIVE ART
Strange Sources From Which
Pigments Used by Modern
Painters Are Derived.
PRESERVATION OF SURFACES.
Crude but Effective Processes Employ
ed by the Egyptians and Greeks of
Pliny's Day-Noah Prudeatly
Waterproofed the Ark.


swer to need for a preservaiive or to
meet desire for beauty is n question
fully as knotty as the ancient one about
the relative time of arrival of the
chicken or the egg. 1t was invented,
though, and 1t serves both purposes
equally so whether it Is an offspring
Of mother necessity or an adopted son
of beauty remains forever a disputed
question.
The first men, covering under the
fierce and glaring suns of the biblical
countries, constructed rude huts of
wood to shelter them. The perishabe
nature of these structures caused rapid
decay, and ii is probable that the oc-
cupants, seeking some artificial means
of preservation, hit upon the pigments
OF the earth in their search. 1t is per-
haps natural to suppose that it was
the instinct of preservation that led
men to the search, although the gores
of the sunsets and the beauties Of the
rainbow may have created desire TO
initiate those wonders in their own
dwellings.
The earliest record of the applica-
/ ton OF a preservative to wooden
structure dates from the ark, which
was, according to the Bible, 'pitched
within and without" The pitch was
triumph of preservation whatever it
lacked as a thing of beauty.
/ Decoration applied to buildings first
comes to light with ancient Babylon,
whose walls were covered with repre-
sensations of hunting scenes and of
combat. These were done in red and
the method followed was to paint the
scene on the bricks at the time of
manufacture, assuring permanence By
baking. Strictly speaking, this was
not painting so much as it was the
| earliest manifestation of our own fa-
miiar kalsomining
The first Hebrew to mention paint
ing is Moses. In the thirty-third chap
| ter of the book of Numbers he in
structs the Israelites, "When We have
passed over the Jordan into the land
of Canaan. then shall We drive out all
the inhabitants of the land from be-
fore you and destroy all their pic
| lures. :"
AT later periods the Jews adopted
many customs of the peoples who sue
cessivey obtained power over them
and in the apOcryphal book of the
! Maccahees is found this allusion to
the art of decorating, For as the mas
ter builder of new house must care
for the whole building, but he that
undertaketh to set it out and paint it,
must seek out things for the adjoining
thereof"
Although Homer gives credit to
Greek for the discovery of paint, the
illusions to 1t in the books of Moses,
the painted muNmy cases of the Egyp-
tians and the decorated walls of Baby
lon and Thebes fix its origin at a
period long antecedent to the Grecian
era. The walls of Thebes were paint
ed 1000 years before the coming of
Christ and 996 years before "'Omcr
smote his bloomin' Tyre"
The Greeks recognized the value of
paint as a preservative and made use
of something akin to it on their ships.
PIiny writes of the mode OF boiling
wax and painting ships with it, after
which, he continues, neither the sea,
nor the wind, nor the sun can destroy
the wood thus protected"
The Romans, being essentially
warlike people, never brought the dec
Grafton of buildings to the high plane
it had reached with the Greeks. For
all that the ruins of Pompeii show
many structures whose mural dccora-
tions are in fair shape today. The
colors used were glaring. A black
background was the usual one and the
combinations worked thereon red, yell
low and blue.
In the early Christian era the Use of
mosaics for churches somewhat sup
planted mural painting. Still, during
the reign of Justinian the Church of
Saint Sophia was built at Constantine
pie and its walls were adorned with
paintings
In modern times the uses of paint
nave CO;ne 10 De as HuHleIUuS uS IT'S
myriad shades and tints. Paint Is
unique in that its name has no syno
nym and for 1t there is no substitute
material. Bread is the staff of life. but
paint is the life of the staff.
No one thinks of the exterior of a
wooden building now except in terms
of paint. coated. Interiors. too, from
painted walls and stained furniture
down to the lowliest kitchen utensil,
all receive their protective covering.
Steel, so often associated with cement
reinforcing, is painted before it goes
to give solidity to the manufactured
stone. The huge Orders of the sky
scrapers are daubed an ugly but eff
cient red underneath the surface coat
of black. Perhaps the best examplt
of the value of paint on steel is found
in the venerable Brooklyn bridge, on
which a gang of painters is kept 60
ing continually. 1t is scarce possible
to think of ii single manufactured ar
ticle which does not meet paint some
where in tbs course of lis conslruc-
ton So has paint grown into the
very marrow of our lives.
Children Cry
FOR FlETCHER'S