davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
STAGGERS UNDER DEBT
Germany's War Expenditures
.To.aI SGT, 900, 900, 900.
National Annual Expenses for the
Future Are Estimated at About
$500, 100000.

Copenhagen, March 2S.-In a mem.
0randum presented to the national as
sembly at Weimar, Or. Schiller, Ger.
man minister IF fnadce, said German
from 1914 to the end of 1918
amounted to $4,000, 000, 900. The war
expenditures totalled $37, 000, 000, 900,
to which should be added the cost of
rehabilitation.
The memorandum showed that war
damages in Germany amount to
$1,000, 000, 900, the claims of shipown.
ers to $500, 000, 900 and / 900, 600, 600
was spent for the relief of families OF
dead soldiers.
The debts contracted by the govern.
ment in the war aggregate $35, 500,
600, 000, the annual interest on which
was $1,400, 100000. DR.. Schiller esti
mated that the national annual expen
ditures for the future would be SO, 500,
000,0 00, compared to $500, 600, 900 be
fore the war.
The annual expenditures of indi
vidual states and communes in the
future would be 1000, 600, 900, com
pared to $500, 000, 600 before the war
The total amount to be covered by
taxation in the future would be $4,000,
000, 900 each year. Before the wal
81, 900, 900 900 was raised by taxation
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
HUGHES OPPOSES PACT
New Yorker Wants League of
Nations Plan Amended.
Says Error Has Been Made in Great
ing Impression Document Is
Finished Product.

New York, March 28.-Seven amend
ments to the league of nations cove
nant intended primarily by their au-
thor to insure the American continent
against European aggression, to pro-
tect the United States from enforced
administration of foreign territory and
to revoke the 'trouble-breeding"
guaranty of the existing political indie
pendence of member nations, were
proposed by Charles E. Hughes.
Minor suggestions of the former Re-
publican presidential candidate were
that definite limitation be placed upon
the leagues field of inquiry, reserving
to the several nations exclusive con
troll of immigration, tariffs and ether
internal problems, that provision be
made for the withdrawal of states
from the organization and that what
he termed an ambiguity as to the re.
quirement of unanimous decisions by
the league be cleared up.
In an address before the Union
League club, reviewing exclusively
the terms of the proposed covenant,
Mr.. Hughes declared that the Amer
can people were entitled to a better
piece of work"
He said a mistake had been made in
giving the impression that the docu
ulent was a finished product with a
good reason for its choice of express
sions, when later 1t was found neces
sary to excuse 1t as a hasty draft
which required revision.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
League of Nations Commission
Complete Consideration of
Covenant Articles.
CONTAINS rs ARTICLES
Japan's Desire For Recognition of Ma.
tional Equality Not Satisfied--Pre-
miers Confer on lndemnities
and Adriatic Problem.

Paris, March 28.-The League OF Ma
lions commission, with President VIII
son in the chair, has completed con-
sideration of the covenant, referring
it to a drafting committee consisting
of Colonel L. NJ. House, Lord Robert
Cecil and Ferdinand Larnaude, dean OF
the Paris law faculty. This committee
will correct the phraseology where
necessary and refer it back to the COM
mission for final consideration before
1t is reported to the peace conferees.
The covenant still contains &c articles.
No amendment has been incorporated
which specifically meets the desires of
Japan for recognition of national equal
ity.
Premiers Meet With Wilson.
President Wilson's study was the
center of interest as he with the pre-
miers of Great Britain, France and
Italy resumed the effort to settle the
questions standing in the way of
peace.
Previous to the meeting, Premier Or
lando spent an hour with Colonel e.
M. House discussing the question Of
the Adriatic which, with that of repa-
rations and the Rhine frontier, are the
three vital issues obstructing progress.
Indemnity Total Undecided.
The question of indemnity was again
the main stumbling block in the meet.
ing of premiers and Wilson.
Einanafal oIr;cprC noroAl q, tIn
main with the views of the American
delegates concerning Germany's re-
sources and ability to pay, but 1t still
remained for the members to make a
final decision on the total of the ip-
IDENTITIES.
The Rhine frontier question may
come up next. President Wilson has
outlined a plan which he hopes may
become the basis of an agreement.
Adriatic Issue Most Stubborn.
The Adriatic issue is the most stub
born question remaining, with no indi-
cation of a compromise. The Italian
reports, of disorder at Spalato are not
confirmed by American reports direct
from that place. These latter reports
show the Serbs work. effectively and
peacefully, while the Italian admiral Is
reported to be arresting a large mum
Der of Jugo-Slavs. When the Ameri.
cans interviewed, the Italian reply, the
reports state, was that the United
States was not a party to the secret
treaty of London and therefore had no
status in the controversy. Such con.
ditions as these, it is pointed out, are
seriously hampering the solution of the
Adriatic question.
The Italian delegation has notified
the conference of the suppression OIL
the military and commercial blockade
in the Adriatic by which trading In
the Adriatic returns to conditions be
fore the war, except that until peace IL
declared Allied warships will have the
right to search merchantmen.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28

Paris, March 28.-At the session OF
the trial OF Raoul Villain, charged
with the murder OF Jean L. Jaures,
the French Socialist leader, Pierre
Renaudel, who succeeded M. Jaures,
quoted words Of Jaures, who had de.
cided to appeal personally to Presi.
dent Wilson, August 2, 1914, in an
endeavor to have the President inter.
vene and avert the war. There Ia
only one nan who can stop the war
and that is President Wilson," M. Rem.
audel quoted Jaures az saying.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
French Forces in Ukraine Find
Themselves Faced by Su-
peri0r Numbers.
ROUMANIA IN DANGER
British War Minister Says Odessa Ia
Being Defended by French,
Greeks and Russians Against
Anarchists.

London, March 2S.-Discussing the
Russian situation in Russia in the
House of Commons, Winston Spencer
Churchill, secretary of war, said that
events during the last two or three
months in Ukraine had been extreme
ly disastrous to the French.
He said they had entered from the
south and gone some distance from
the coast when they were confronted
by superior forces and encountered
hostility from the people. The secre-
tary pointed out that this latter feature
vas something which must be care
fully weighed, as it showed the danger
that might result from rash or ill-con-
sidered action
Roumania is Threatened.
Kherson and Nikolaiev have been
taken and Odessa is being defended by
French, Greek and Russian forces
against Bolshevik attacks, he said. The
position of the Bolsheviki near Odes-
sa, he pointed out, has exposed Rou-
mania to a very direct threat of in
vasion which, with the Hungarians ad-
vancing on the other side, has made
the situation very difficult.
In speaking of General Denekine's
army the secretary said that it was
Great Britain's policy to give it sup.
port but not to involve any British
troops. He said that General Dene.
kline is "fghing desperately for his
native land and for the worlds civil
iZation." There is a British mission
with General Denekine and medical
supplies, munitions, instructors and
technical advisers are being furnished.
He said that General Denekine had
suffered a severe reverse while ad-
vancing toward Novo Tcherkask.
But by striking back near the Cas-
plan he had successfully taken 80, 000
prisoners.
British Control Caspian.
The British retain control of the
Caspian, but there is a Bolshevik fleet
at Astrakhan, where the harbor is at
present ice-bound.
Small attachments of British troops,
stretching toward the frontiers of In,
dia are holding back without serious
fighting Bolshevik emissaries seeking
to advance and spread disturbance
there.
Admiral Kolchak,S armies in Siberia
have done well in the northern sector
although not so successful further
south, Mr.. Churchill said.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
RUSSIANS READY TO FIGHT
Lack Arms and Equipment to Combat
Anarchists.

Paris, March 2S.-Boris Savinkoff,
acting minister of war in the Keren-
sky cabinet, declares in an interview
given here. that 100000 Russians are
ready to fight against Bolsheviki, but
lack arms and equipment.
IF the Entente will give us moral
and financial support and II 1t will
furnish us with the material" said
the ex-minister, 1T would have nc
need to furnish men,"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
Major Roosevelt Dies.

New York, March 2S.-Major James
A. Roosevelt, commander of the 902nd
ammunition train and a second cousin
of the late Colonel Theodore Roose.
welt, who was to have arrived on the
transport Great Northern, to arrange
for the reception in this city of the
Seventy-seventh division, died iii the
voyage, according to a wireless mes.
sage received by Lieutenant Colonel
Theodore Roosevelt. Major Roose
welt was the son Of the late James A
Roosevelt. froIa whom he inherited
= fortune
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28

Chicago, March 28.-No sparkling
champagne will be wasted in christen-
ing battleships after July. /. A regu.
lar champagne bottle will be broken
across the bow of the ship but 1t will
be filed with crude oil. This an.
nouncement is made here by officials
of the National Petroleum congress,
The new u. S. s. Tulsa-named for
the Oklahoma oil center-will be
christened by Miss Lulu Crosbie,
daughter of a Tulsa oil operator, when
1t is ready to launch. She will use oil
from m of her fathers wells.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
Berlin Plans Bond Issue.

Berlin, March 2S.-The Berlin gov
:rnment has submitted to the ma.
ional assembly provisional estimates
.or April, May and June. These es-
imates include an authorization to
ssue treasury certificates totaling
1000, 000, 900 marks $3.50, 00O, 00O)
Among the new appropriations is one
providing funds to establish a CONNER.
,ial news service In the foreign Office
o promote German trade. The meas.
Ire fixed salaries OF the ministers Il
,bout SIS. 900 annually.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
Apprentices to Sail.

Washington, March ga new poll
cy of training apprentices for the
merchant marine by assignment to
vessels in deep sea service is an
nounced by the shipping board. Here
tofore training ships have been relied
on. The new policy will be inaugu-
rated with the sailing from New Or
leans of the freighter Waalhaven for
a French port, carrying nine appren-
tees who underwent preliminary in
struction on the training ship at Nor.
fo1L
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
RAISES RATES so PER CENT
Modern Woodmen Of America In
creases Assessments.

Chicago, March 2S.-More than a
million members of the Modern Wood.
men of America, one of the largest
fraternal insurance organizations in
the country, had their rates increased
to meet abnormal death losses result
Ing from the Influenza epidemic, which
caused a reduction in the beneficiary
fund of the order from $12, 600, 900 to
100000. On the present membership
the increase is a fiat advance Of so
per cen and all new members joining
hereafter will have to pay materially
increased rates.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
THOUSANDS OF JEWS SLAIN
Massacre Alleged to Have Occurred
at Buepos Aires.

New York, March 28.--Thousands of
Jews we're slaughtered In a "pogrom"
conducted in Buenos Aires Jan. 8, ac-
cording to a statement issued by the
Zionist organization Of America, quot
ing a report It had received from Ar
gentina.
According to this report a white
guard" was organized following a ru-
NOR that strikes in that city was the
beginning of a Bolshevik revolution In
cited by Jews. The report charged
that, with the cooperation Of the po-
lice, the white guard" raided the
Jewish quarters, killing a number
that cannot be estimated because all
the bodies were buried in a common
grave"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
ITALIAN TROOPS OCCUPY
PRESSBURG IN HUNGARY

London, March 81. - Italian
troops have occupied the town of
Pressburg, 35 miles southeast of
Vienna, on the Hungarian side of
; the border, according to a dis
, patch from Budapest forwarded by
) the Central News correspondent
, at Berlin.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
REVOLT THOUGHT IMMINENT
uprlsings In Austria and Bohemia Are
Expected.

Berne, March 2S.-Bolshevist upris-
ings in Austria and Czech Slovakia are
imminent, according to advices re-
ceived here. Any move in those two
countries against the Hungarian soviet
government is expected to p~recipitate
the trouble.
The British military mission in Wen.
ma, it was reported, has notified the
government the Allies are ready to in.
crease Austria's food supply If order
Is maintained.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
TOTAL COST OF WORLD WAR
British Financial Writer Estimates II
at $26o,OOo. 0OO, 900.

London, March 28.-Edgar Cram.
mond, a British financial writer, esti.
mates the direct cost of the war to the
Allies at Sal, $50, 0O0, 900, and to the
Central powers at sos, 275, 100000.
He estimates the total cost of the
war, including indirect losses, at $3.50.
600, 000, 900. There has been nothing,
he says, approaching this destruction
of capital wealth In the history of the
world. The immediate result Of the
upheaval is to be found in the high
cost Of living and universal increase
Of wages.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
QUAYLE NAMED SUPERVISOR
Bishop to Have Jurisdiction Over
Many Conferences.

st. Louis, March 28.-Bishop Will
liam A. Quayle of the Methodist Epis-
cipal church has been appointed to
residential supervision over II of the
lis conferences in the United States,
1t is announced. His jurisdiction ex-
tends over the following conferences:
Arkansas, central Missouri, Little
Rock, st. Louis, st. Louis German, Mis-.
souri,, southern Illinois, Des Moines,
northwest Iowa, Dakota, Minnesota,
northern German, west German, north
ern Minnesota, Wisconsin, northern
Swedish and west Wisconsin.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
WOULD GO TO SWITZERLAND
Former Kaiser, Alarmed by Threats,
to Leave Holland.

Geneva, Switzerland, March Is
Former Emperor William Of Germany,
alarmed by the receipt of threatening
letters, intends to leave Holland and
seek refuge in Switzerland, according
20 the newspaper La Suisse.
Swiss newspapers are printing many
advertisements inserted by members
Of the German and Austrian nobility
who are seeking houses In this coun-
:ry at moderate prices.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
VESSEL REACHES HAMBURG
American Ship Is Loaded With Food
for Germans.

for Germans.
Berlin, March 2S.-The American
steamer West Carnifax, carrying 5000
tons Of -four and 1900 tons of other
food, has arrived at Hamburg.
People OF Occupied Area to Be Fed.
Coblenz, March 27.-The question of
supplying food to the Germans within
occupied areas has been Investigated
by various military commands of the
Allied armies In Germany and it Is ex-
pected that within a few days supplies
will be received for distribution.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
ALLIES MAKE CONCESSIONS
Decision Regarding Hungary Said to
Have Been Modified.

Copenhagen, March ga dispatch
from Budapest reported the Allies had
notified the Hungarian government
that they had changed their decision
and the line of demarcation estab.
lished at the time of the armistice
will not be Hungary's political from
tier.
One of the reasons assigned for Hun,
gary's recent change in government
was the belief the Allies intended to
pare down Hungary to provide terri
tcrial prizes for Roumania, Serbia, Pc
land and Czecho Slovakia.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28

Spanish Premier Says Order Prevails
at Barcelona.

Madrid, March 28.-Premier Roma
nones told newspaper men that BARGE
Iona, one of the main sources of un-
rest, was quiet. The shops and res
taurants there were open and NUM-
cipal services were returning to nor
NAL. The railway services in Catalonia,
he said, were quiet and normal.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1919-03-28
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Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-01-13
PREM|ERS Of GREAT POWERS CONFER
At FIRST SESSION Of PEACE CONGRESS
TODAY IN PARIS To DISCUSS LEAGUE
While Formal Congress viii Be-
gin Monday, Ian. 20 Work
Is Under Way
EXPECT MA.IY PROBLEMS
Five Delegates From Each Ma
ton Are to Be
Present
BIZ Associated Press.


PARIS, Jan. 13.-The peace con-
gress is being held today although It
is ofiicialTS designated as one of the
theory of conversation for laying the
groundwork for the structure which
will be later presented to the assem-
bly, of the delegates of all the nations.
Today's meeting will probably deal
with the important question of an
organization by which the peace con-
ference will function. 1t is also ex-
pected to make a start towards the
one question uppermost in the public
mind whether the session will be un-
der the full observation of the world,
or whether they will be secret
Nothing has developed to alter the
statement that the American dele
gates are primarily concerned with
the creation of a league of nations ana
in making of a just peace.
Reports that the American delega-
ton has agreed on a working plan for
a league of nations, and that it Will
be one of the first things to be laid
before the congress, have been current
in Paris 1t is known that as soon az
President Wilson returned from Italy
he was not prepared to lay down
working plan and that he preferred
to have other plans originating among
the other delegations offered here.
At the same time ii is stated that
Mr.. Wilson has selected five men
connected with the American Mission
recognized experts in international
law, to draw up plan which should
compare with his own Ideas.
Not all issseiiaaia.tsAenal lewyers pc ps-
lieve that-the result go .sII!llt
will maze war impossible, But rfrey
/ feel that this will make armed confiic
more difficult. Their principal con
| Germ is that the chapters of the agree
ment whether ii is called a league OF
nations or something else, shall not be
framed. like the Hague convention,
in qualifying phrases which were un-
dermined.
1t was reported some time ago that
the most that was hoped for by Mr..
Wilson referred TO the United States
was a general agreement on broad
ideals There is no reason now TO
change that forecast
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-01-13
$3.50 STARTS OFF
|. NEAR EAST DRIVE
First Contribution to Cause
Booths Opened in Banks
Have Week to Raise So, 600

AS the second day of the campaign
for relief in the near East started, inc
committee which is canVassing the
citv to raise SIS. 900 In a week, reported
that TO date s430 had been contribut-
ed TO the cause.
Mortimer J. Brown, chairman OF
the committee for this city has opened
booths i'm the banks and at the war
savings stamp booth at the five cor
ners, where persons desiring to make
contributions may do so. Persons
desiring to make their contribution
bv check should make them payable
10 w. Parker Runyon, treasurer ana
mail them TO him at his residence, 100
Rector street
Contributions reported this morn
ing by Or. Brown were as follows'
Charles ID. Snedeker. 500; w. Parker
Runyon, 500; Roessler & Iiasslaeher
Chemical Company. 500; Perth Am
boy Chemical Company, $50; Moru-
mer J. Brown, $50; AXel Olsen, SlO;
Mrs. Axel Olsen, $40; David Z.
Preacher. $40.
In line with other executives, May
or Frank Dorsey this morning placed
his stamp OF approval on the cant
paign and wished Il all manner OF
success.
The publicity campaign for the
drive is IN run sMAnB anu "ppe@AS ~
contributions to aid the starving Ar
menians, Syrians and other peoples
OF the near East stare out at residents
of this city from shop and store win
dows throughout the city. Pastors
called attention 10 the campaign from
their pulpits yesterday, when the
campaign officially opened. II VIII
extend through next Sunday and In
that period IL is hoped to raise $4,000
here as this city's quota OF the nation
- fund of $50. 00O. 900.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-01-13
B|GDEMANDFOR
POSITIONS HERE
Federal, State, Municipal En-
pIoyment Bureau Is SWamped
With Applications for Jobs

Swamped with applications and
with the supply far greater than the
demand, the federal. state, municipal
employment office at City Hall finds
itself in a predicament as to how to
place the men who are applying daily
for work.
These men are coming from the
powder and shell loading plants in the
county, which have closed down, from
.ttl army and navy. from which they
.Iave secured their discharge.
The agent at the local bureau.
Jesse w. Davis, said this morning
that while there were at the present
time a great many more applicants
than positions to offer them, he was
optimistic as to the future and believ-
ed that within a short time the bureau
would be able to place all appicents
in good jobs.
The situation Is indicative of that
In which the county finds itself at the
present time. The rush of workers
from the munitions plant and the
army and navy are continually send
ing back men who have seen service
and who are again ready to take up
civilian duties.
Adrian Lyon, chairman OF the COM
munity labor board of the u. S. De-
partment of Labor for the employ
ment service here, has called a meet
this afternoon a. City Hall. This
meeting will be In accordance with
suggestions of the United States en-
plovment service and will bring to-
gether representatives from industries
municipality. council OF defense, draft
board. labor organizations. Red Cross
and other welfare organizations. This
meeting Will be for the purpose OF
considering the question of employ
ment for returning soldiers and sail
Ors.