davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
LIVE STOCK NOTES
TIIEIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII


A self-feeder assists in economical
pork production because it prevents
waste.
= If there are no trees in the hog lots.
it will be necessary to provide artifi-
cial shade
There is no way we can make pork
faster than to turn the hogs out into
a field of clover.
A permanent, well-built cehorning
chute is much more satisfactory than
a portable one
When pigs are kept free from par
asites it is not hard to get them to
grow at weaving time.
It would be a good idea for. each
farmer to raise a few calves and get
the benefit of higher prices likely to
prevail.
Tobacco dust or stems chopped fine.
and placed where sheep and lambs can
always have access to them win help
prevent stomach worms
Sheep may be successfully wintered
on cat and barley straw as their only
rOughage when these-are properly sup
plemented by a correct grain ration
Corn fodder with the ears left on
and straw alone 90 not make a COM
-,IsEr -oeEor, Fo- Erood5rez rr-o- Del,
OF these are lacking In protein
The farmer who viii have nothing
nut geIdings on his farm for working
IS in the same class with The man
~lo viii keep nothing but mules fol
MS work stock
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

.RM1N0TES

Early blowing makes possible good
seed bed.
A manure pit doesn't cost money;
it saves money.
Rape is too succulent to make a
good grade of siIage.
Increase fertility; grow clovers. use
lime. phosphate and manures.
For some garden crops lime is not
needed, and may even cause harm
Always aim to have your corn go
of the farm on foot The same about
hay.
We must maintain the balance OF
fertility of our soils or pay the pen
atty.
It is less important to test seed
corn of the flint variety than the
dents
without drainage the fun benefits
OF lime, fertilizer or manure cannot
be realized.
Plenty Of available pIaEtfood enables
the plant TO make more growth with a
given amount Of moisture.
Land clearing4s very largely work
that can be done through the winter
especially when thp snowfall Is Hight
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
Indiana BUILDING Plans.

Millions Of dollars viii be spent this
year in Indiana in the construction OF
private and public improvements, &C
cording to plans now contemplated.
The state council of defense some time
ago started survey Of public improve
ment in the way Of unfinished build
ings, contemplated buildings and cost
of roads, streets and sewers TO be built
this year. While not complete, answers
to questions indicate that approximate
ly S1S.OOO.OOO is to be spent for such
work
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
GOOD COOP FOR MOTHER HENS
Loss of Chicks by Exposure May Be
Largely Prevented-Guard Against
VerTnin.

prepared by the United States. Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
1t is not good poultry management
to allow the mother hen to range IN
restricted with her chicks. With such
freedom the hen frequently takes her
brood through wet grass. and as a re-
suit some are chilled and die, especial
~ the weaker ones, which are likely
TO be left behind. The loss of young
chicks which follows such a practice
is large and mainly preventable. Fur
thermOre. the food which a brood al
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

construction OF Road.
IS now used or can be used. or forms
a connecting link not to exceed ten
miles in length of any road or roads
now or hereafter used, for the trans
pOrtatiOn of the United States mails,
excluding every street and road in a
place having a population, as shown
by the latest available federal census,
of $500 or more, except that portion
the houses average more than 200 feet
apart"
The new act also raises the govern
ment limit of contribution from not to
exceed $4,000 a mile to not exceed
$4,000 a mile, taking account of high
er present costs of labor and materials
The law also authorizes the secre-
tary of war to transfer to the score
tary of agriculture material. equip
ment and supplies suitable for highway
Improvement and not needed by the
war department.
The original federal aid road act,
which became law in July. 1916. appro-
pviated $75,OOOOOO. to aid in the con-
structior of post roads during five
year period ending June 80. 1921. and
10O00.o0O TO aid in fOrest-road build
ing during a ten-year period ending
June 80. 1926 Not over S3.O00.OO of
the original $S5.O0O.OO0 had been ex-
pended prior to 1919. so that $50 ,OO0,-
600. plus $2O9.OOO.OOo, or a total of
S2aH02Q, 600 of federal funds, will be
available. of which $2S7 600 600 will be
available during the next three years.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
Important to Mothers
pemohifization comedv-

Queer things happen in demObiliza-
ton, remarks a writer in London Eve
ming Standard For example. here
is the case Of Smith and Brown.
Brown is the head Of the "One-man
business - Smith is his employee.
Brown applies, successfully. for the
discharge OF Smith as a slip man.
But his own application, on the
ground OF "One-man" business, was dis
regarded. Thus Smith is at liberty
without a job; Brown. who had a job
TO offer him, is still in khaki
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
DETAILS OF DlsINFEcTIoN

prepared by the United States De-
partment of AgricUltUre.)
In the practical work of disin-
lection there are three essen
tails:
1. Preparation of the building
that viii facilitate reaching or
ganisms of disease.
2. A disinfectant which upon
contact can be depended upon
to destroy such organisms.
3. A method of applying the
disinfectant that will assure the
most thorough contact with the
bacteria.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
EconomY in Eeedinn.

Economy in chick feeding consists
largely in using the careful sanitary
methods which reduce the mortality
rate.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
POOR HIGHWAYS ARE COSTLY
Economic Loss to the United States
Placed at Annual Figure of
$5o4, OoO, 900.

The congressional report OF 1914
placed the economic loss to the United
States through poor roads at an an
nual figure of $504,O00.0O0 for trans
portation costs alone. The heavy in
crease in tonnage since that time
probably makes the loss today close TO
( 81 .0eO. 100000 a year.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

Investments paying 200 per cent
were worth looking into decided the
farmers who lived in the locality Of
this club. and interest in sheep rails
ing increased.
Another boy in the Henry County
club has developed a flock of 30 ewes.
and plans to have more. His father
has become so interested in his sons
work that, although the boy is rather
young. he is allowed TO go TO sales
and to do his own bidding on pros
poets for his flock. Practically all the
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
Becomes Coco Roads Advocate.

The man who buys an automobile
finds so much pleasure and convent
ence in It's use that he wants TO he
eble to use it at ali times of the year.
hence he becomes a good roads advo-
cate.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
Rreedino Stock Important.

The first and one OF the most Inn
portant things to be considered IN rails
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
Avoid SPOILED Corn.

Never feed chicks any corn that
shows the slightest appearance Of be
ng spoiled
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
snIendid lnNestmeni

The country can afford good roads
They are a splendid Investment.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

Progressing With Few JoIts.
Apparently the good roads move
nent is going ahead with few joits.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
saved Eronn &c Rummane

''Oh, John" sobbed Mrs. John, I've
done something awful, and I'm almost
afraid to tell yOu-but mustl I
made a most awful mistake this
morning and sent your new dress suit
TO the rummage sale instead Of your
old one, and when found out what
had done and ran over TO get II back
il had been sold"
That's all right, Mabel, dear" said
John amiably. Il stopped in at the
sale myself and bought it back for So
cents
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24
SHEEP CLUB BOYS PROFITS
Investment Paying 200 Per Cent In
duced Farmers to Take Renewed
Interest in Industry.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agricultural
Late in the fall OF 1917. George r.
win of Henry county. Indiana. and
nine other boys in his neighbOrhOOd
organized a sheep club. A few inter
eSted stOckmen and the local bank
made it possible for the club boys to
secure one pure-bred eve apiece Each
boy gave his note TO the hank for the
purchase price of his sheep.
In the summer of 1913 George Irwin
presented the following statement Of
his work and investment:
Disbursements
cost OF eve ------.--------------------- SIs-V9
reed ----@------------------- 10
Interest on note --..-.---..--------.--- az
IOJai cost Observation-Disclosures -$<f-st
Receipts.
l eve Inventory $500
| lamp (Sold)-----.---------- z0-pJ
l lamb CSoid) 20
Wool (sold) 80
Total cost 24-S4
FRONT -.----------------------- -S4S-rs
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

Strenuously Objects Then.
Does your wife object TO your play
ing cards for money!"
only when I lose"
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-04-24

It is almost impossible TO rear tur
keys satisfactorily in a tf..ckIy settIef
community or where they cannot have
free range for they do not do vel
when confined in yards.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
big Five" i'm Telephone System

lighD of many frequencies is passed
through the first prism, but as it emerges
after being filtered by prism No. the sep
arated frequencies (colors) are recombined
by prism No. 2 and formed into composite
medium of transmission such as that
which travcrses the telephone wire when
the five telephone currents are applied to it.
"A simple diagram for duplex telephony
by the Squier system is here shown
Major General G. 0. Squier proposed his
multlpleX telephone and telegraph system
in 1911. He applied wireless currents to
wire systems and thus it was called Squiers
wired wireless' His invention had the
germ of the present multiple telephone in
1T. There were a number of high frequency
generators (radio telephone transmitters)
connected across the common telephone
system, one way being shown, and CORE
spending number of tunable radio receiving
stations connected across the same pair of
wires. Thus each radio frequency current
(3O,OOO cycles and higher, so as to be nau-
diblc) would be picked off the line and
passed through its own particular and prop
erly tuned receptor. The universal oper-
ating characteristics of the audion type of
vacuum relay devised by DR.. Lee de
Forest solved the problem of making such
a system adaptable to the use Of the
public"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

posite photograph, in which each of five
subjects is photographed in different color,
one red, one blue one green, one orange
and one violet. In the composite picture
the coors, as we'll as the features, are
blended, but when you look at it through
colored glasses each picture may be dis
tinguished from the others. Through red
glasses the red photograph is shown,
through blue glasses the blue photograph
comes up most clearly, and so on.
"There are several other analogies in
action of the control and fitering of these
carrier currents. First there is ordinary
sunlight. beam of this white light is
made up of a composite bundle of six pri-
mary colors, each color representing a diff
ferent and distinct vibration frequency of
the ether particles, Thus we find that the
beam of white light is first produced or
formed in the sum- whore many different
chemicals are in state of combustion,
a
combine and form white light-the suns
rays. These composite rays, combining six
predomnating ether wave frequcncics or
colors-rcd, orange, yellow, green, blue and
violet (not to mention a host of other in
termcdiatc shades of colors with their cor
responding and distinct frcqucncics) are
transmitted through the intervening ether
to our earth. Now, if we take II glass
prism, see Figure A, and pass beam of
sunlight (whitc lighD through it as shown,
then we Will soc the composite colors cor
responding to the different frcqucncos pro-
.icctcd on the sheet at the left, in the order
named
"a second phase of this experiment. fa-
mi!iar to every high school boy is that of
the 'synthcss of light illustrated at Figure
b. Here we have beautiful analogy to
the multpleX telephone which can be easily
demonstrated A beam Of white light (sun-
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
At Last!

THERE are few cyclists who, when com.
PEELED to execute repairs to inner tubcs
ny the roadside, have not onged for on-
puncturable tires. This desideratun, ro,,
seems 10 nave become an accomplished fact
IN sweden, where the shortage of rubber
mas caused great efforts No be made to find
satisfactory substitute for the pneumatic
TIRE. The new device consists of thin
str'p OF hardened steel supported on the
III" by springs, the combination being said
10 give results comparable with those OBJ
fa'"eo oy the use of rubber. Skidding is
preSs"lso by the sharp edge ag Ac steel
tread while such tires are, of Course. quite
unpuncturable. Whether the new device
w''' survive when rubber again becomes
p'entiiui is perhaps doubtful, but as n war
time measure 1t has proved very useful
@A--- CAaMtesA Laurnal.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

letter and his recent repv know that
he takes the position that there is no axial
rotation of the moon to be inferred from it's
always presenting one side to the earth.
My suggestion was that his difference
with the astronomers might be one of def
milton. This has turned out to be the case
at least in part. Professor Young of Prince
ton, says at page 165 of his General AS
tronomy," "a body 'rotates' when a line
drawn through its centre of gravity out
ward, through any point selected at ran
dom in its mass, describes a circle in the
heavens. In every rotnting body one such
i'nc can be so drawn that the circle de.
scribcd by it in the sky becomes infinitely
small. This is the axis Of the body" Ad-
mittedly the moon rotatcs in the sense Of
this definition. 1t would seem advisable to
hold to established meanings Of words which
have acquired definite value in anv
science.
The additional requirement that there
be also The existence of energy of
motion | think Professor Young would not
have objected to except on the score Of
surplusage. For whatever cause, the turn
ing of the moon is fact, and it is fa-
mlllar law that body continues in a state
OF rest or motion until acted upon by some
1orce. A boys top is set in motion by the
boy, but would continue spinning indef-
nltely except for the friction between it
and Its support and the lesser friction of
the air. Parts of the moons mass on one
side of its axis are travelling toward the
sun at various speeds, dependent on their
distance from the axis, and an equal num-
Der are always travelling in the opposite
direction with like speeds To stop this
would take an amount of energy which
exactly measures the spinning energy Of
the moon
May l quote, also, from "The Tides" bv
DARWIN, chapter 16, on "Tidal Friction"
and with reference to the probable genesis
of the moon. He says, at page 286: doubt
less, the moon once rotated rapidly on her
axis and the frictional resistance of her
(molten) tides must have mpeded her ro-
tatlon The rate of her rotation was
(so) reduced. She rotated more slowly, un
til the tides solidifed, and thence forward
and to the present day she has shown the
same face to the earth" And page 2S9:
we know that there are neither oceans
nor atmosphere on the moon, but if there
were such, the moon would have been sinh
Ject to solar tidal friction and would now
be rotating slower than she revolves.v
CHARLES E. MANIERRE
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
SeaWeed en- Masse

"TN THE space between the Azores,
Canaries and the Cape Verde ISL
ands lies the great Sargasso Sea-" says
a writer in "All Outdoors" who con-
tinues:
"Covering an area equal in extent to the
valley of the Mississippi it is so thickly
matted over with gulf weed that the speed
of vessels passing through it is often much
retarded. The weed always tails to-
steady or constant wind so that it serves
the mariner as sort Of thermometer, tell
ing him whether the wind as he finds it
has been blowing for some time or whether
it has just shifted, and which way. Colum-
bus first found this weedy sea on his voyage
of discovery. There 1t has remained until
this day, moving up and down and changing
its position, like the calms of Cancer, as
winds; according to Maury's authority, cx-
act observations as to its limits and their
range, extending back for fifty years as-
sure us that its mean posltlon mas not Dccn
altered since that time There Is also
sargasso to the west of Cape Good Hope,
which, though comparatively small, is clear
~ defined. Mention is gradually made OF
it in the logs as rock weed and drift mat
ter. The wcedy space about the Falkan
Islands is probably not a true sargasso. The
seaweed reported there most probably comes
from the Strait of Magellan, where i'm
mense masses of algae grow. These straits
are so ncumbered with seaweed that steam
ers find great difficulty in making their
way through it. 1t so clogs their paddles
as to make frequent stoppages necessary"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Going Up!
HT HE RUDDER' gives US the fol-
lowing interesting particulars in


lowing interesting particulars in
regard to American shipbulding:
"A year ago this country was turning out
less shipping than Great Britain; to-day
more than two and half times as many
vessels as the United Kingdom and nearly
twice as many as the entire British En-
pre- Japan, before the war negligible
factor in shipbuildng, now holds third
place among ship-constructing nations. al
though far behind the two leaders For
the first time since the beginning of nos
tllities Lloyd's Register of Shipping has
been permitted to publish figures covering
gross tonnage under construction for the
entire world, exclusive Of enemy countries
The following table. compiled by aaalyzing
these figures on q new basis. gives the
status of ships being built AT the beginning
OF the last quarter OF 1918:
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Enter a New Fuel

r TITLE short Of complete revolution
A~ in the coal business and, consequently
far-reaching changes in American indus
try are the results which, it is predicted,
will follow from the invention Of a new
commercial process Of converting bitumi-
nous coal into an equivalent Of hard coal
The new fuel Is entirely smoke!ess. and
under the new process by-products now
wasted are recovered. These largely COM
pensate for the cost of conversion. A plant
has been in operation in the East for some
time, perfecting the process and making
tests Of practical character.
The raw coal is subjected to distilla-
ton process at low temperatures, the resi-
due being pressed into hard, durable bricks
that again subjected to distillation and
produce an intense heat. II the claims of
the large interests already identified with
the process prove true, it means that future
problems arising from hard coal shortage
have been solved, that in many cases power
can be produced near the coal fields and
transported at low cost to large industrial
centres and that cities remote from an.
thracitc regions can procure a smokcless
fuel for domestic and other uses, which
can be sold at a moderate price. 1t is in
teresting to note that the government is
preparing to establish a plant for pro-
ducing this fuel in an Eastern coal region
From Popular Mechanics.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

dellneated IN a recent article
on these pages, it is inter
esting to read what 1.-THE London Lam
Get" has to say in recent number on
the postwar problem of psychopathic
criminals and the Importance of adopting
a suitable form of treatment in dealing
with subjects coming under this head
ing:
Large numbers of men Will be returning
to this country viii be coming out Of
the military hospitals while still suffering
in some degree from mental and nervous
disabilities brought about by the unex
ampled stresses of modern warfare IT NAV
be anticipated with fair measure of assnr-
ance that in many cases the mental en-
feeblement of these invalds viii be mani
tested by disorders Of conduct of more or
less gravity bringing them into conflict
with the law; and several instances of this
kind have, in fact, come before the criminal
~"Htto N'NHtl lUN ldfL lew Weeks. IbDllr
opinion will not tolerate the treatment Of
these war victims by the indiscrimnate
methods which have been applied to the
general mass Of law breakers. The demand
VIII certainly be made that IN every such
case full consideration should be given to
the mental condition Of the offender. and
that he shall be dealt with on curative
lines adapted 90 his individual needs. and
not merely by the stereotyped punitive and
repressive measures which up to the pres
ent have been the sole resource of the law.
To satisfy this demand, which can obviously
be urged with no less force in regard to
other categories of psychopathic delin-
quents, it will be necessary to introduce
an entirely new spirit into the system Of
procedure in criminal cases and to recoc-
nlze to far greater extent than in the
past the Importance of the help which the
expert in morbid psychology can give in
the administration of justice"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

terms of human welfare. This practical
problem is not yet fully solved, but it is in
process of solution. sudden succession
of earthquakes at volcano portends an
eruption, and the few 'vocano observatores
of the world are all equipped with seismo-
graphs-instruments that record the slight
est earth tremor. When an eruption is in
progress the chemical composition of the
volcanic ash gives some indication as to
how long this eruption will last"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

in his pocket. In a few moments there
were spurts of blue flame and the tablets
went off, For time the man was in
danger of being mistaken for an enemy
alien, carrying bombs. The mystery of
the explosion was solved by finding small
particles of glass wedged in the clothing
around where the bottle had been. Other
than the shock to his own nerves and those
of the passengers, the only damage was to
his clothes, which were burned badly"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
<]IE MARCH number of "The
Electrical Experimenter' throws
fresh light on the subject Of


Electrical Experimenter" throws
fresh light on the subject of
multiplex telephony and its mo-
dus operandi. Forty-six years after
Alexander Graham Bell began expert
menting the multiplex telephone and
telegraph system has at length become
a reality, the article declares. Com
menting on the evolution of the tele-
phone during recent years, from the
transcontinental stage to that of the
multiple system with its increased ca
pacites for service, the writer says:
"The new system sends five voice currents
simultaneously over one telephone circuit
of two wires, taking each current as it is
delivered into an ordinary telephone and
delivering it at its destination through an
other ordinary telephone exactly as it was
formed at the sending point. These five
voice currents travel together and are sorted
for delivery at their destination Not
tone or infection of the speaking voice is
changed in passage. This result is achieved
by combining each voice wave with n high
frequency inaudible carrier current, which
has characteristics in degrees of frequency
that arc entirely different from those of
other carrier currents. (Scc the various
forms Of the voice and carrier currents
shown hcrcwith.) The carrier current thus
gives tho voice wave an identity Of it's own.
and at the end Of the journey the waves arc
sorted and directed into their proper chan
nels, to be delivered as formed originally.
but how do these five telephone currents
pass over the circuit simultaneously without
becoming all mixed UP, you ask Imagine.
for example, said Mr.. Gherard, "a COM