davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24
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Rich In Historic Interest

The city is rich with historic inter
est for Browning, the poet. lived on
the grand canal many years and Rich
ard Wagner. the great German mu-
sician, died IN one of the palaces
which decorate either side of the
grand canal Few cities contain so
many architectural! wonders. for while
Venice was enjoying the height of her
prosperity her citizens lived IN palaces
and enjoyed the greatest luxury.
st Mark Is the patrons saint OF the
city and the motto Peace to thee
Mark, my Evangelist" will be found
on many OF the pictures and buildings.
Naturally the Cathedral built In honor
of the Evangelist Is the greatest work
OF art in the city and days may be
spent IN examining its treasures. II Is
ore Of the richest pieces of srchitec-
ture in the world. 1t has not the
great doorway OF the Cathedral at
Anl!ens, destroyed by the Germans.
nor the deep porches of Charities. In
stead there is an antrum IN which
colored mosaic pictures take the place
of solemn rows Of sculptured saints
It IS the finest piece OF Byzantine art
N the word, next TO s.. Sophia at
Constartinople. The body OF St. Mark
is buried under the high altar and he
place is the center OF devotion of
Venice. 1t is filed with rJosatcs and
painting by the old masters many of
whom lived in Venice. Il would re.
auire boolz 70 fully describe the vast
ediice with Its great story paintings
of Biblical scenes, both in mosaic and
painting.
The Dogcs Palace
The Doges Palace is nearly as old "a
81. Marks. but the interior Is of A
much later date as the place was
Quilted by fire in 1874 and again IN
1871. The building itself is q fully
developed Gothic type, and Is more
beautiful when viewed from the Grand
Canal, for the sea facade Is covered
with wonderful carving.
Here one sees Justice with her sword
and scales and the inches contain fig
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

1ear of speed" James |. Biakslee.
fourth assistant postmaster general.
anno'tnced the other day that I'VE
shall soon be moving tina r1aiis--and
mails will include n who'll unexpected
variety OF things--in new modes be-
fore the generation tinishes." and then
he added that aeronianes and motor
trucks would be carrying large part
OF the mails while trains woArd be but
one factor in this new system. Air
planes for the thousand mile distances.
trains. for the b00-mile and motor
trucks for the e50-mile distances:
that's about the schedule, as he fig
ured 1t ont.
Motors Changed Warfare
1t Is a far call from the days Of the
old stage coach. from the Indians
birch bark canoe in which he trans
ported his supplies. and from the first
trains that sped" along the tracks at
the breath-taking pace of twelve miles
an hour, to the day of the aero and
the express motor truck. There is no
greater revolution than that which has
been brought about--whtch Is even
now in progress--in the worlds trans.
portattcn systennA The war has been
'-4Sgstv Responsible for this. Tor II Aas
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

served to us and with all Its tradi-
tons and mem cries and wonders is
sim destined to delight many hun
dreds of thousands Of visitors who
VIII throng its, streets seeking to feast
their eyes upon IFS many charms.
The name Venice, which we know
as the city OF lagoons in its origin. was
not town but Il country. for Venice
was known at one time as a great
country and inciuded Verona and
Padua, all of which grew to be ex-
tremely wealthy and the home of Ro-
mans, who were Interested in art.
In 45S the Huns failed 10 destroy
that part % the world and more Tran
a century later The German tribe Of
Lombard invaded italy. but they TOO
failed 10 reach the city. which Il bull.
on Islands with picturesque laroors
running between them.
Historic Bronze Horses
The early .Venetians were ruled bx
Il boge. who made IA successful war
against Constantinopie. and his men
brought back many IDEAS OF art from
that place and Venice became 4 Pn-
ahesQue-Byzantiue city. The Teu-
tons never secured any part of this
land and their barbarism was con.
fnti 90 sections farther norm. The
great bronze horses Of St Marks form
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

as an art center where some OF the
old masters greatest works are found.
Situated on a series of islands one
travels from place to place in boats
known as gondolas--the most modern
thing being a steamboat which runs
mp and down the grand canal making
stops at the important places.
Following the ruthleSsneSs of Ger
many the Central Powers set about to
bomb Venice as early as 1914. but as
many Of the pictures had been sent
to Rome for safe keeping. and things
which could not be sent away covered
with sand bags or bricked up with
masonry, little damage was done.
large bomb fell near the R!alto, made
50 famous by Shakespeare Merchant
of Venice. but 1t fell in the water and
no harm was done. II Is said that
Shakespeare was never at Venice or
Verona and that he wrote his two
great plays. The Merchant OF Ven
Iceland Romeo and Juliet" from
the description given him by a friend
White Venice is a treasure house OF
art, ST. Marks Cathedral and the
Doges Palace are perhaps the most
interesting, although me Rialto or
shopping district vies with these two
n beauty. AS was the custom In the
early days the great bell tower or
campanile of st. Marks stood detached
from the great Cathedral. u was
begun in the Sixth Century. completed
Ia 1880. and remcdeled in 1917. II
suddenly fell in ruins July IA, 1902,
and has since been restored. The open
square or piazza as it Is called is the
home OF thousands Of pigeons who are
willing to De fed by any one. This
IS g great attraction to tourists and
thousands OF Americans have been
photographed whila at this pleasant
nerupStiop
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

During the busy and strenuous recon
struction days which In many ways
will call for bigger tasks than the war
itself imposed. with the handling of
millions of tons Of material, transpor+
;ation will be one of the big problems
The motor vehicle must help to solve
them, AS 1t has done during the war
period. SO it must continue to take
from the overcrowded railroads a
laree part OF the burden which they
are unable TO carry. The element OF
time is an important consideration.
In hundreds OF cases during the war
1t has been vital. A days delay often
would have meant disaster. The les
sons which have been learned by the
army OF the United States and the
Allies have made an indelible impress
sion. The officers and the men will
never forget what they owe to the
motor truck and the aaAom obiIe. Hun
dreds OF thousands Of manufacturers
and business men also have seen what
wonders 1t has accomplished. how 1t
has helped to make the rapid advance
Of material and men possible.
Figures That Stagger
When one considers the immense
amount OF food. guns. ammunition and
supplies OF all kinds which had to be
carried to the army and moved for
ward and then recalls that a large
part of this was hauled at least part
Of the distance by motor. st gives some
Idea OF the great service performed by
this gasoline driven machine. Figures
most recently given out show that the
American Army In France required in
food alone every day 10000 pounds
OF refrigerated and fresh beef, in ad-
d!tion to hundreds OF thousands OF
pounds OF bacon. mutton, corned beef,
canned salmon, dried and picked
meats and fish. while more than c00.-
600 cans Of tomatoes, corn and peas.
5000 cans Of peaches. 5000 jars of
pickles. 5000 bottles OF catsup. and
tons OF sugar. coffee. -four, potatoes.
beans and go on enter into the days
ration&
With more than 100. 0oo. 900 people
in Northern France. Belgium, Serbia.
Poland. Armenia and others released
from the iron wall OF German mill
tarism to be fed for q long time to
come after the coming, OF peace. Il Is
readily seen that much attention must
be given to transportation. The cues
ton of distribution always has been
an important economic factor in the.
worlds life. but never more 20 than
at the present moment. Whatever
Will facilitate II. therefore, must be
"a tn pA~A~sA. Tho 1oun-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

A part OF tho history OF Venice. for II
seems that every concueror OF the city
moved them to his own country, and
for centuries they have remained in
tact even to the present day when they
were placed under ground and COW
cred with sand bags. They date back
many centuries. When Constantine
founded Constantinople he moved
them to the Turkish Capitol to adorl
the Hippodrome. Again IN l2o4 when
Doge Enrico conquered the Turkish
capitol he had the horses brought
back 10 Venice and set up on the
Drucal chapel. where they remained
until the time OF Napoleon. who sen;
them TO Paris. and had them placed
on an arch which he erected in the
Place du CarrouseI. However, on the
first establishment OF peace the En-
peror Fragcss of Austria, TO whom
Venice was assigned restored them 10
ST Marks. Finally in 1865 Austria re
leased Venice and II became a part of
Italy.
City OF Wealti,
Apart from Its being an art center
Venice has had a glorious history com
mercialiy as the leading state of the
world when she owned three thousand
ships. which were manned by thirty
thousand men. At present il is known
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24
Ix2e I0G12 0IuE@el1 <@Nn[ a<sy.AE1g
@<20@l2Y lie 19I~ S2~ ZSHe~- 80

ures OF St Mark. st. Peter and St.
Paul. Great columns rise in front
containing various Biblical statues. BY
standing near these columns you get
wonderful view Of certain parts Of
St. Marks The great staircase was
built by Rizzo in 1884, and Is the
main entrance to the palace. At the
top of this stairway all Doges OF Ven
Ice were crowned with the old formula
of Latin Receive the ducal crown of
Venice" The Renaissance statues of
Mars and Neptune stand on either side
representing the Military and Naval
supremacy of Venice. The figures are
so heroic that they almost surpass
Christian symbolism.
Between them and over the arch is
st, Marks Winged Lion. Some part
of the palace was once used as a
prison although It houses some of the
finest pictures In Venice. In the rear
of the palace crossing a small canal
is bridge known as the Bridge of
Signs" During the early Eighteenth
Century crossing the Bridge in Venice
meant a horrible confinement to pris-
oners as those taken for political rea-
sons passed here.
Fine Churches
To the lover Of fine old churches
Venice Is u Joy forever for the whole
city is honeycombed with them. When
ever a plague passed over Venice they
built q church as a memorial.
The greatest one built is q Fran
ciscan church, known as The REDEEM
ture, erected as a votive offering for
the cessation OF the plague epidemic
Of 1876, which killed 10000 persons
IN the City OF Venice. This church
contains a Madonna considered Clio
vanni Beilini's best work It repre-
sents the Virgin in red with the sleep
ing child on pillow upon her knee
attended by two angels. sThere Is also
a remarkable picturefof the Ascension
by Tintoretto.
Another votive offering in the way
OF church IL the Madonna della Sa-
lutte. built In 1880. after Venice had
been visited by the plague and IS. 900
persons had persisted. The church
presents a grand effect. especially
when viewed from the grand canal.
The Temple Of the Ascension contains
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

into the war the United States had
practically no motor trucks, although
It had gained some valuable expert
ence in their use in the Mexican cam
'paign against Villa and had proved
the great service they could render.
1t was an immense task to motorize
the American army in France. To
carry out this schedule called for
more than 10000 motor cars up to
the end Of 1918. For each American
army in the field a force OF l54,747
officers and men were required, more
men than were engaged on beth sides
on the battle of Waterloo. Three or
four times the total military forces in
the Spanish-American War were need.
ed in the personnel of the Motor
Transport Corps alone for the new
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

dation OF all human activity Is food
Without 1t everything else Tags. The
workman cannot produce II he il not
well fed and the laborer in mill and
factory, in shop and office falls to per.
form his duties properly unless he Ia
we'll nourished. Here In where the
motor truck can play big part in the
worlds rebuilding.
Conservation
But there must be conservation
That is another OF the great lessons
which the war has taught. This ap,
plies to the individual and to the bic
business concern alike. The gasoline
less Sundays through which the coun'
try recently passed showed the nation
that this product must not be wasted.
The supply was not unlimited, and pro
duction could not keep up to the heavy
demands for war purposes. The same
Is true after the war. The president
OF large automobile concern pointed
out only the other day that there car
be saving OF millions Of gallons Of
gasoline by proper adjustment of@the
cars carburetcr. and on the basis of
100000 cars in the United States. Of
which about half are In daily use. he
figured that this saving would amount
to sIa.500.o00 gallons year, whicE
at the average price OF IS cents gal
Ion would be worth $218,135, Gee,
There Is need for improved and ex
tended transportation systems and
they will come. In the meantime No.
great Is the demand for food m all
parts OF the world that no transports
ton must be lost. It must b con-
served in the same way that copper
and iron and wheat and beef and every
other product Is saved. That IS why
tho National War Garden Commissions
IS urging everyone to plant Victory
Gardens In 1918: for every home vagsf,
table plot means an addition to the
vitality needed worlds food supply and
also saving OF transportation. With
millions OF such gardens there VIII b.
a great release Of freight cara AMI
motor trucks and OF men for otheyi
work.
More and more will the motor truck
provide the transportation needed tp
help carry tho worlds supplies, Thou.
sands Of miles Of roads will ~ Inn
proved so that the automobile may
90 speeding ON it, way. without IA
the war could not have been MAnex
Without It the work OF rsconstruettoAs
and the progress OF mankind could mos@s
80 on. In spite Of old John On
and his diatribe against stAss ceoaA
the swift carriers of today sa0v9
aroaAA the uarAs n II Ag'Sss
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

series OF pictures by Titan on tbs
Descent Of the Holy Ghost The High
Altar Is most interesting. showing
Venice at the feet OF the Virgin Inn
ploring her protection from the
plague To the right the Virgin IL
seen sending an angel to repei the
pestifence. On the left are a number
OF plague pictures, among them
striking picture of St. Mark. A cloud
flits over and casts shadow on his
face indicating that the plague has
attacked Venice. IT Is. however. clear.
Ing away and the Evangelist's body Il
In the bright sunshine. To the right
the two great plague saints. st. sa-
hastian shot through with arrows and
San Rocco lifting his garments to show
the plague spots may be seen. and by
their sides the two medical saints
The entire sacristy is occupied by
Tintoretto Marriage at Cana IN Galilee,
Much of Titian's work may re seen.
and altogether 1t is regarded as one OF
the most artistic churches of the city,
The Santa Marie Del Carinove Sau
Toma, San Rocco and San Salvatore
great paintings.
Paintings Removed
The Academy where many Of the
old masters are preserved was literal.
~ denuded OF Its pictures during the
present war, for knowing the work Of
the Hun they sent them TO places o.
safety.
Venice Is rich IN sta.uary and this
was protected against air raids. ekpe-
cialiy the splendid bronze equestrian
statue of Bartoiomeo Colteoni. which
Is the pride OF the venetians
Venice IS still q commercial city With
its woodcary!ng, mosaics and glass .
ware. II Is also famous for its laces,
ShiphuIlding and the manufacture 81
torpedoes are also among its Indus.
tries. There Is also large arsena.
considered one OF the finest In the
world which employs 5000 men #
During the War between Italy ana
Austria bomb fell nearby this place
but failed 70 explode. The termina-
ton OF hestilities has saved this pic
ture 5que city from the hand OF tho
vandal and we may again look upon
It's rare beauty.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

American Army. It was the motor
truck which made possible the con-
centration OF troops. the" speedy de-
livery of tons OF supplies and amnuni-
ton. Machine guns mounted on mo-
tor trucks performed deadly and ef-
fective service in some Of the engage
ments with the Huns. Even passenger
cars were turned into moving fort
resses which poured their destructive
hail of shell into the ranks OF the
enemy.
Vital Factor In Reconstruction
So powerful a factor has the motor
car proved Itself during the war that
It will be a growing force in the trans
portation systems Of the world In the
days of peace. The motor truck has
shown that 1t can deliver the goods"
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

3~HE OLD WORLD seemed headed
~ for perdition when the fast
stage coach service was inau.
- Euretea between London and
Rye in 1872. In the opinion OF John
Crssset who issued pamphlet OF pro-
test an upheavai of everything was
due. Things were going too fast.
Could the good pamphleteer awaken
from hts long sleep and see the bomb
ing OF London or the mad race for
speed In transportation of mon and
food In this war he would doubtless
think the world bewltched and pray
! for the quiet OF the famed Mermaid
Inn at Rye. There Good Queen Bess"
once knighted three gentlemen OF the
town and then 1t promptly went back
10 sleep. What would Cresset think
to see the aeropiane maii depart on
schedule every day from Washington
for Philadelphia. New York and Bos-
toni What would he say to having q
woman motor cop stop him? Much
has been written about the romance
OF tho rails" but now II is the romance
Of the motor
BY Air Post
n II II transportation that Is saving
The world today; and since that his
storfc day last July when $50 motor
trucks rushed lot OF American troops
It'd. the front at Chateau Thierry and
shsff tho Germans at the Marine, start
SlAe~thcm on theIr homeward trip to-
gNs1d Berlin. no one need have any
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

HE OLD WORLD seemed headed
-~ Tor perdition when the fast
:. stage coach service was inau-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24

shown in an unquestioned way what
could be accomplished by the motor
vehicle. A prominent authority in
speaking OF this subject the other day
said; Motorized equipment has al
most beyond conception revolutionized
warfare" At the time Of It's entrance
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24
This Great Italian City, IFS
Beautiful Buildings and
Art Treasures Have Been
Saved From Destruction
BY War "A Target for
AirpIanes
Copyright 1915. by The International
Syndicate.

HEN the Central Powers made
their great drive against
w. Italy. II was feared by many
:" that the success OF It woula
lead the modern Huns into the historic
ana beautiful city of Venice, with It's
priceless treasures OF art. OF archftec-
ture and OF sculpture. 1t would have
been a far worse visitation Of vardal-
I'm than when Attilla, the first de-
s'estaole Hun. laid his ravaging hands
on the Venice OF those days, a city
Just budding into promise when it's
career was checked and set back bv
those ruthless marauders of the Fifth
Century.
Protection or Venice
No such Fate was In store for the
present Venice and the whole world
outside OF the dominion OF Germany
ald Austria and her Allies, gave
thanks that the arm of destruction
was partially paralyzed az Il started
It's rayenouS grasp towards that pic
turesque and renowned art center
The wrongs which would have been
committed and the irrcpurahie darn
age done 70 the wonderful things of
beauty within It's borders would have
paied Into insiEr 1canr the rovaces
OF the Hun of old Venice was pre-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-01-24
From John Cresset's Pamph-
let, 1872.

let, 1872.
These stage coaches make
gentlemen come to London on
every small occasion, which
otherwise they would aot do
except upon urgent necessity.
Nay the convenience of the pas
sage makes their wives often
come up, who rather than come
such long journeys on horse
back would stay at home. Then
when they come to town they
must presently be in the mode,
get fine clothes, go, to treats and
by these means get such a habit
of idleness and love of pleasure
as to make them. uaeaag es
after
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1919-04-24

vance in order that they may become
fully identified with the machine gun
company.
Use of Stokes Mortars and 31mm
Guns.
These weapons were used under
resimental direction generally, two
mortars and one 37mm gun with each
front line battalion. Both weapons
were used to a limited degree; the
difficulty of keeping up with the
heavy loads in the thick fog prevent
ed their more extended use. Both
were used at times against enemy
machine guns.
If the Stokes mortar and 31mm
gun are to be used effectively in semi
open warfare, the details of carrying
parties for gun and ammunition must
be carefully worked out we'll in ad-
vance of the operation.
Use of Engineers.
On w night a detachment from
the 1O5th engineers laid the jumping
off tape under difficult conditions re-
sulting from the dark night and ma
chine gun and shell fire. The work
was we'll done and the troops found
no difficulty in forming up properly.
During the operation the First bat
talon was used in road and water re-
connaisance, examination of dugouts
and search for BOBBY traps.
The Second battalion was assigned
to the corps for special work on roads
with the Fifth Australian tunneling
company and the Fifth pioneer battal-
ion.J This battalion worked immedi-
ately behind the advancing infantry
and in spite of the heavy hostile shell
ing performed it's work, in such way
as to receive most favorable con-
ments from the commanding officers
of the Australian units to which they
were attached.
Result.
In the operation against the Hin
denburg line the Thirtieth division
advanced approximately 5000 yards
on a front of $3.50 yards against the
strongest position on the western
front. Forty-seven officers and 1882
o. r. were taken prisoners, together
with many field guns, scores of ma
chine guns and minenwerfers, several
anti-tank rifles and large quantities of
ammunition and other equipment.
E. NJ. LEWIS.
Major General, Commanding.