New-York tribune., 1919-07-31
rof. Dunning Says
Some Ford Ideas
Are Good Anarchy
Columbia Professor. Called
by Prosecution, Obliged
to Admit Red Principles
in Auto Mans Statements

MOUNT CLEMENS. Mich, July So
Enrichment of the record on the sub
ject of anarchy and anarchists con-
tinued in the Ford" -"Chicago Tribune
libel suit to-day, with Professor Will
lam A. Dunning, of Columbia Univer-
sity, under INSTRUMENTATION by Elliott
q. Stevenson, senior counsel for THE
Tribune.'
"There arc great variety Of an
archists," said the witness. Some be
lieve their doctrine is essentially
Christian, while, the witness said, some
of the most powerful supporters of
anarchistic doctrine regard Christianity
as the worst possible adversary of
peace and order. The witness said that
many anarchistd are rsoiists, and
others believe that force is necessary
"Kropotkin predicted war. but did not
advocate it, he said.
Emma Goldman, he said. was prob
ably the best known Of later-day an
archists.
She is quite a favorite among the
disciples OF anarchy?" suggested Mr
Stevenson.
Among some of them'
She is an extremist-she is not
among those who think the ends OF
anarchy can be served by peaceful
means ?'
The Anarchist Proper"
She is the anarchist proper. the
violent one, replied the witness.
In general, Professor Dunning, who
was called by the plaintiff, did no,
contradict the previous statements of
Professor Jesse Reeves, a Tribune
witness, that many Of the teachings of
Henry Ford were similar to those OF
many anarchistic writer's. But he quail
fled by adding that many of the same
ideas were held by many non-anarch-
lists. Professor Dunning said that all
anarchists were opposed to compulsory
military service.
Do you understand that if the an
archistic doctrine was in force there
service? 2" asked Mr.. Stevenson.
Personally, 1 do not think there
would be, but that is not necessarily
the. purpose Of the philosophical an
archists."
They would have no capitalists, no
bondholders, but the men who work
the railroads, for instance, would them
selves be the proprietors ?'
~ don't think that is their idea
There would be no proprietors, even
themselves.'
Then what would be the relation
OF the anarchists to the railroad they
worked on %
Work for Society
"They would simply be managers Of
producing utilities for the benefit Of
society. Most Of them do not recognize
dominion. In running railroad they
would have no sense Of proprietorship. -
Mr.. Stevenson read a quotation from
My. Ford rs follows:
1T seems to me there is not much
difference between a republic, mon
archy and an empire; they are all ruled
by little group Of interests who have
special plfvileges'
Isn't that genuine anarchistic teach
lng?' asked Mr. Stevenson.
"Anarchistic and socialistic."
''Fhc anarchists and socialists
agree on that?"
II think So
In the course Of definition of gov
crnment Professor Dunning stated that
the essence of government is force.
THE Tribune" contends that in oppos-
ing an adequate force of soldiers Mr..
tord opposed government itself, and
IN that sense was an anarchist.
III VIC SOuiSc Oi MS testimony FRO
lessor Dunning remarked that there
were many anarchists who could not
read.
Neither can Mr.. Ford" said At
torney Stevenson.
ooh, no. MIR. Stevenson, that is un-
fair said Alfred Lucking. senior
counsel for Mr.. Ford.
At the same moment Attorney Alfred
}. Murphy, also for Mr.. Ford, was on
his feet, and everybody was talking at
once.
your honor. we object" said Mr..
Murphy. Mr. Ford was suffering
"Mr. Ford said he could not read,
didn't he" Mr.. Stevensons voice rose
above the others.
Owe insist that it be stricken out"
persisted Mr.. Murphy.
Judge Tucker ended the confusion
by instructing "The' Tribune lawyer
to reserve his comment for final ar
gument.
Mr.. Stevenson adduced much to show
that anarchists believe that their doc
trines would improve the lot of the
masses.
Counsel ia trying to make out that
"The Tribune" was highly compli-
mentary in calling Mr.. Ford an an
archist," commented Attorney Lucking.
1--WE are showing that we did not
call him bomb thrower," said Mr.