davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04
HOW TO SAVE TONNAGE

To grow timber is to save tonnage, which is set free for transport of food; to grow osiers for basket-making is to help the fruit farmer. The report shows that osiers can be grown on almost any soil, that they are especially suitable for
 land liable to be flooded and that their
 cultivation in many countries has almost died out. Before the war fruit baskets,
 or osiers for making them, were inn
 ported in great quantities, and at
 great cost. True economy would pro-
 vide that they should be grown in low
 lying districts in the neighborhood of
 the fruit farms and be made by local labor in the slack winter months.
 All this obvious waste of land was not
 quite what troubled the Belgians how
 ever. They consider farm land wasted
 when it produces only one crop year.
 There are market garden farmers in Eng land who grow early pota toes, lift them on June morning. harrow the fields and plant out caltages in the same aft ernoon- But they are not many. The Cambridgeshire fruit farmers who plant alternate rows of young plum trees and gooseberry bushes and sacrifice the bush fruit when the trees have come into good bearing are more in the line of the farming of the future. This kind of in- tensive farming. by the bye is depend- ant upon good transport facilities, for if much is taken out of the land much must be put into it. The Germans with their huge agricultural demand for. ni- trates and potatoes knew that, and arr ranged freight charges to suit it..
 Prosperous farming demands much ,la1 bor, and even before the war labor was scarce. There is. no need to seek anxious ly for reasons for the shortage. seeing how badly agricultural wages compared with industriaf earnings have said that the agricultural faborers' money wage was as low as $2.5o a week in win ter in the early years of this century What his real wage was he hardly knew himself for the various allowances of
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04
NINE

a claim for help. England would not willingly resign herself to become a country of factories and villa residences, and lose the slow, tacturn country la borer who has neither eloquence nor book earning but is able to adapt him self \ ore completely to circumstances than the apparently versatile townsman, and whose strong, common sense is more precious than rubies.
 Copyright. 19l9 by Edward MarstAll.l
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04
"Some. Gun

From Stars and Stripes A British soldier met an American sol- dier in the Strand and conversation en- sued, during which the absorbing topic Of the day cropped up.
 What do you think of Fritz's big gun that's shelling Paris?'' asked the Briton.
 .'Oh, not much,'' said the American.
 But come" said the Briton, its a pretty tidy gun that can put shell over 70 miles,"
 "Oh, that's nothing" retorted the Amer ican. Just you wait a bit. We're mak- ing a gun in Chicago that can put it in the shade The first time we fire it the gun crew are getting fortnight's leave to wait for the recoil.''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04

The first Rotary club in South America was founded at Montevideo in the year 1918 The club is affiliated with the In ternational Association of Rotary cluSs of Chicago and is conducted like similar American institutions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04

towns and the factories sucked in the popula tions of the lonely farms, the vil- lages and the little towns. The country seemed likely to become the refuge of those who could not afford town life and the playground of week enders. An then the hour glass was turned sud- denly
 First the countryman began to count again because those of the young lab orers who were left were willing volun- teers and made good soldiers. They had good health and endurance and were accustomed to exposure. It seemed in 1914 that these were the men most easi- ly spared from civilian tasks. In 1915 they were still crowding into the army and munitions works No one minded, And then when the countryside was drained of them the U-boat began to flourish; the ships that used to carry food carried soldiers; the fleet of bread ships shrank week by week as the sub marine campaign grew. England knew that she produceds only bread-stuffs enough to keep her populations for less than half the year; and perceived that the time might be coming when the for eign grown food would not help her.
 BRITISH FARMERS TASK
 Men live long in English villages, and a good proportion of those who have to reconstruct English agriculture today are men of 60 who remember all this story. Their task is to make Great Brit ain at least as self-supporting in food as she was in 1870, and to do this al- though she has now 14 million more mouths to feed than in that year. Cheap foreign food will again seek her mar kets, industry must be maintained and developed if she is to keep her place in the world despite the immense debt heaped up during the war and the farm laborer must be paid treble the wage he earned in the prosperous" days of farming. It is gigantic task, but Eng land dare no longer sit as she did in 1913 for half the year as paying guest at the table of food producing nations. America, her hostess at many meals in the past should not be offended if she dimes at home much more in the future.
 Can it be done? Not by act of Paria- ment or by pious aspirations. But by the aid of brains, much hard work and capi- tai it should not be impossible. To preach CTS of impossibility we must point out that in 1918 Great Britain had raised her food production by quarter, providing herself with breadstuffs for 10 weeks of the year more than in 1914. and this in spite of the withdrawal of 200,000 men from agriculture.
 How does she stand now? An able and voluminous government report on the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-05-04
PROBLEM OF THE ROADS

canals of the country are the prope channels.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
REPLY TO SENATE
CRITICS OF LEAGUE
ISLEFT TO WILSON
Administration Leaders Say
Presidents Words Alone VIII
Decide Public Sentiment.

WASHINGTON. Feb 2o.--rrcs,dcn'
Wilson ana not the Senate Will speak
tho words that viii decide the Amorl-
can people for or against tho League
OF Nations. in the opinion OF senate
Administration leader.
They refused 20 worry to-day over
attacks on the draft OF tnc league
constitution. They arc In no hurry
10 reply to senator PoindcNtcr. nor
Will they rush into the arena against
other critics who plan to hammer at
tho league daily from now on. In
their opinion hostile criticism will
centre tho public mind upon the
league. create interest in tho pro-
visions Of its constitution and thus
give President Wilson an audience
eager 10 hear what he has TO say.
president Wilson will make the
chief speech to the great American
jury" said senator Lewis, Demo-
cratic whip. The American people
know they can rely on his being
honest with them. II. after hearing
him. they decide tho league plan Is
evil, they doubtless will express that
view TO Congress without hesitation
and in no unccrtaip terms.
"If they are convinced that the
menaces forcseen by Senator Poin-
dexter and others are not real and
that the league will prevent future
war, they assurcdly will express that
view. When the Senate comes 10
vote upon tho question, II will have
before 1t not only President wilson
frank explanation of tho leaguc's
charter but the peoples opinion
OF it,"
The evening world., 1919-02-20
SHOT
HALTS PEACE TALK
At CRITICAL STAGE
Discussions Had Reached Point
When Work on Treaty
Could Begin.

PARIS. Feb 20.--Promior Clcmeu-
ccau was shot at the moment he was
starting for n meeting that might
havo had decisive influence in sys-
tomatlzing the problems OF the con-
ference so as 10 lead tho course OF
the transactions Of tho body from
war conditions and 10 state of
peace.
II appeared that British, American.
Italian ana French sentiment was
crystolllzlng on plans TO take In hand
the construction of the actual peace
treaty. and this would undoubtedly
have been ono ~ tho chief subjects
discussed at the conference sot for 10
o'clock yesterday morning with
Premier ClCmcncenu. Arthur J. BAL
four. Col. 4. NJ. House and Baron
Shonshlno as participants.
Tho preliminary soundings on this
question had already bOen taken, and
tho prospect seemed good for tho de-
oiBion upon an efficient procedure
that would secure results within a
short time from all the conference
commissions. permitting the carly
drafting OF tho essentials OF the
peace troaty-perhaps by the time VI
President Wilson's return from
America. In such an event the en-
omy delegates Gould have been called
In by April and the actual peace con-
summatcd by early summer.
One OF Promiur CiomcncCau's first
thoughts nftor being shot was to send
,cord TO Secretary Balfour. Col House
and Baron SonninO that he could not
keep his engagement. Mr.. Baliour
and Baron Sonnino went 10 Col
Houses office on receipt OF the news.
II is understood they reached an
agreement which will materially I'D.
vance the procedure OF the confcr-
once and hasten the conclusion OF
peace.
Much IL still dependent upon VI.
IClcmencoau and French opinion gen
orally, yet the indicatlonS arc, as
viewed in American quarters, that the
cooperation Will become general TO
this end.
II reports regarding the Prcmier's
condition are borne out by the later
examinations II would appear that NJ.
Clomenccau will be able TO resume his
activities about the time that Prcsl-
dent Wilson and Prcmiers Lloyd
George and Orlando return to Paris.
one OF the four vice. presidents
elected at tho time Premier Clcmcn-
ccau was chosen President OF the CON
ferencc--Preniors Lloyd George ard
Orlando Secretary OF state LANSING
and Marquia SJtIonji--will preside
over the fun conference Il II is found
necessary to hold plcnary session
before the recovery Of the French
Premier
The evening world., 1919-02-20
U. S. STOPS LIQUOR FLOW
INTO STATE OF MICHIGAN
Victory Won by Vets in Supreme
Court There Is ShortliyeI--
Reed Law Is Weapon.

TOLEDO. Feb 2O,-Thc United states
Government suddenly clampod dry
blockade on Michigan to-day, Hundreds
Of dry inhabitants OF that dry state who
were carrying IN huge quantities OF Ia
uid refreshments IN preparation for the
great drouth. wCer suddenly set upon by
Secret Service men and turned back at
the Ohio line.
Tho wet movement had been inspired
hv a Michigan state Supreme Court do
c,sion iUyalidating the search and sgi1-
ure aCi, and for two days every avail
AOlc means Of transportation had been
/ commandeerod to get tiquor into M!ch-
gan.
Tho drys finally called the Federal
Reed law 10 their aid aud hogan this
afternoon To drive back the hOrdcs OF
alcoholic immigrants.
Up until the time the Government
! inte'ferrd The stream OF liquor into
! Michigan Sroke all existing records,
An average Of eighty automobiles IN
/ hoUr--morc than q machine 4 minute
| passed through Monroe M'ch, every
The evening world., 1919-02-20
Col. Kincaid Reports New York
GuardSmen Are Fit and
Records in Shape.
PARADE PLANS ARE UP.
Vanguard of Organs Organi.
zation Begins Work on
Reception Here.

when the men of the 27th--thc
New York State National Cuurd D.
vislon--arrivc here about the middle
Of March every man will De fit to
be domoblized and put back into civil
life within twcnty-four hours. More
over. there won't be anything IN the
way Of a hitch in paper work TO
delay domobllization."
So spoke Lieut.. Col. J. Lester Kin
caid. Judge Advocate OF the division.
day when asked whether II would
be likely that the New York troops
would be held at Camp Upton for an
indefinite period before being Jiss
charged.
Col. Kinoaid arrived here yesterday
with nineteen other officers OF The 21th
20 make arrangements for receiving
the New York soldiers. He brought
with him full authority from Major
Gen. o'Rynn to make all arrange
monts. not only for the dcbarkation of
the troops, but also for tho great
parade which is 10 he given by the
complete division. This afternoon Col.
Kincaid expects to confer with Major
Gen. Shanlls, commanding uIilcer Ui
tho Pert OF Embarkntion. and Brlg.
Gen. McManus, IN charge OF troop
movements.
untIl after confcrrin; with these
generals. Col Kincnid preferred not
Ia bc quoted at length ON the sugges-
ton which has been made by The
Evening World cnd thousands of citi-
zcns up state that the New York mon
bc discharged from scrvico inmcdi-
ately, or ns soon aS possible after
their arrival, and not be kept fol
weeks at Camp Upton.
"Thls much can say, however
said Col. Kincaid. ''Whcn left tho
division on Feb. 3 In the Lo Mans
area, about 200 miles from Brcst
The evening world., 1919-02-20
WEEKS CHARGES WILLIAMS
SHOWED SPITE At SABIN
Alleges Comptroller Withdrew $685.
100000 Railroad Funds From
Guaranty Trust Co.

WASHINGTON. Fob. ?O.-scvcrc
criticism OF John skclton Williams.
Comptroller OF the Currency. was made
by Senator Weeks. Massachusetts,. be-
fore the Senate Committee on Banking
and Currency to-day
After Mr.. Williams became Director
Of Finance OF the Railroad Adniinistra.
ton. the Senator asserted he with
drew s25,OOo.ccO Of New York Central
funds from the Guaranty Trust Com.
pany OF New York because vt a per.
sonal feeling against Charles H.. Sabin.
President OF the company.
Asked by "A member OF the committee
why Mr. Williams had tho personal
feeling against Mr.. Sabin. Senator
Weeks said he believed II was be.
cause MIR. Sabin had ordered several
years ago that Mr. Williams should not
he director in the SeaboarJ Ar Line
Railroad.
Comptroller Williams. who vas loo
the hearing room, told the coinmitto,
he had never heard Of the incident
The evening world., 1919-02-20
SENATORS APPROVE
HEAVY PENALTIES
FOR RED FLAG USE
5000 Fine and Five Years
imprisonment for AgitatorS
in New Measure.

WASlnNCTON, F.r. gO.--Lcg,sll.
ton tu punish Anurchistlc activities
or propagardl and tho display OF
mass or other omblru- NJ violence
was recommended unanimously to-
day by thu Senate Ju6ic.ry COM
nttcc
Tho committee drafted ana ordered
favorably reported measure COM
bining the "Rcd Flag Bill OF Senator
New OF Indiana md other bills de-
signed TO chocl, unlawful agitation.
The new bill, which is expected to
meet the demands Of Senators New
Jones and others who have insisted
upon action TO curb l. W. W. ana
other radical activities. follows:
SECTION THAT tho display or
| exhibition ut any meeting. gathering
or parade, public or private, u any
nag, banner or emblem symbolizing
or intended by the person or persons
displaying or exhibiting the same
TO symbolic purpose to overthrow
by force or violence, or by physical
Injury TO personal property. or by
| the general cessation ~ industry, thu
| Government OF tho United states on
| all government, is hereby declared to
he unlawful
SECTION ct shall be unlawful
| for any person 10 advocate or incite
or TO write with intent to forward
ahuch purpose TO print, publish, sell
| or distribute any document, book
circular, paper, journal or other writ.
ten or printed communication In ~
by which there is advocated or in,
cited the overthrow by force ar vio-
loncc, or by physical injury to per,
sonal property, or by tho general COS
saton Of industry, of the GDvornmcn
Of the United states or all govern
| mcnt.
SECTION 3--That any person oi
persons convicted nf violating any
section or this act shall he nnod no
more than 5000 or imprisoned 10
not more than five years, or both"
A subcommittee consisting Of Sen
ators Walsh of Montana. King o
Utah and Brandegee Of Connecticu
was authorized 10 add an addition
section extending the bill's provision
to TRANSMIT ssion through the mails o
prescribed propaganda.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
BOLSHEVlK PLOT
TO KILL CLEMENCEAU
IS limited IN PARIS
One Account Says Plans Were
Laid in Switzcrland-POlice
Had Warning.

ildN w 'aihAi6'
PARIS, Feb. 20.--Was tho attompt
upon Promiar Clomcnccau's lifo OF
Bolshovik origin2 is question be-
ing being insistently asked hero. The
Matin to-day recalls that few days
ago a Geneva newspaper announced
that the Doishcviki In Lausanne.
Switzerland. were plotting against NJ.
Clemenceau's life and that two Bol-
sheviki had crossed the frontier To
carry out the plan.
The Paris police, says the Petit
Parisien, were warned some timo ago
that a plot was brewing against the
Prerliers life. II states that the
wife OF n member OF tho French
consular service formerly stationed
in Russia was In the Russian Library
In the Avenue Gobolins n fortnight
ago and overheard u discussion which
made her suro that an attempt
lnt W 10 tlA 'Ehl
tion. This library is one frcquentod
by Maximalists. The woman In
formed her husband OF what she had
heard and he notified the police, who
assured him that the persons in
question would be closely watched.
Emile Coffin. who fired the shots
at Premier Clemenccau. was taken last
night taken 10 Sante prison. An
examination OF tho automobile in
which tho Premier was riding when
he was fired upon showed seven dis
tinct bullet marks.
Coffin Is Frenchman. twenty
three years OF age. lilo said he waa a
cabinetmaker's assistant He was
born at crel in the Department,
of the Disc and lived at Mont Rouge.
The father and mother Of Coffin ar,
simple working people. They live u
Rue Convention. the father working IN
a factory at Issy les Moulineaux. A
brother. aged seventeen, also works IL
a factory there. A second brother 4
five and n half years old.
Neighbors Of the family descrlh,
Emile Coffin as being addicted tC
neither smoking nor drinking, but VA,
d. he was a great reader OF novels an,
books OF astronomy and sociology, III
father tried in vain to combat tht
nnarchistic ideas OF his son. but IA,
youth ridiculed him as being old-tash
toned. when the father heard IN
news Of the attempted assassination h
was at work. but felt prcscntlmcnt
il is said. that the criminal whs hi
+ son. Coffin has been under troatmen
{ Tor an affection OF the heart and
disease OF the larynx
The evening world., 1919-02-20
27TH DIVISION MEN READY
TO Be MUSTERED OUT SOON
AS THEY ARRIVE IN MARCH

France, every man had been thor
oughly inspected by a corps Of TWEEN
" American officers from the Amcrl-
can cmbarkatlon centre In France,
every man had been 'de-louscd and
pronounced free from any communl-
cable diseases. Every man was 1T
to bc turned back into civil life at a
moments notice.
"Also, the records OF the full divl-
sion had been inspected and found
correct and up to date, so when Il
comes % demo Jilization there won't
be- any hitch in The paper work."
With regard to dcmoblizIng the
mon at their armorics in this city
and up state. Col. Kincaid said he
could not speak nt present, but he
did say that he was here To arrange
for getting the men out Of service
in the quickest possible time"
II have been surprised" tho colonel
said, "ut the interest shown not only
In this city but upstate as well IN
the movement to get the boys out OF
khaki without delay. Mayor Burns ut
Troy told mo this morning that ,hc
residents OF his city had offered to
charter a Hudson River steamboat 10
take tho Troy contingent to that city
in "A body just rs soon as they arrived.
The Mayor said Troy simply couIin :
wait. And such seems to be the sent
mcnt everywhere In thc state"
Col. Kncnld, with his party, has
established headquarters at the Bl:-
more. He said he had had no time as
yet 10 become acquainted with the
plans for the parade OF tho 9Th DIV
isIon In this clty but that all the men
were heartily in favor Of II, and that
"it would be the biggest thing New
York ever saw"
In the party with Col. Itincaid are
Lieut.. Col. William 4. Starr. Assist
ant Chief of staff: Major l.. A. Sails
bury. Division Inspector: Major VIII
lam l.. Lane jr., 1929 EnglncurJ:
Major Churles A. Macarthur. 1Gj.h
Infantry: capt. q. H. Gibbons, lOith
Field Artillery; Capt. Jerome +. Lam
ger. lO6th Infantry: Capt James -
Wadswurth, Headquarters Troop,
Capt. James G.. Motley, 1921 Fiuld
Signal Battalion; Capt. Chester T..
Jones. lO6th Infantry: capt. Goorsc
IL. Storm, j0ith Machiuc Gun IIttt.-
ion; Capt. Edward II. Kent. lO7th In
fantry: capt John Newman. 1864
Infantry Lieut.. Fielding V. Jackson.
l05th Infantry: Lieut.. Eugene J.. Mul-
lanev, lO7th Infantry; Lieut.. Edward
McCabc, l0Sth Infantry: Lieut., Edgar
r. Bnamish. lOGth Machine Gun Bat
TALON. and Lieut.. Theodore Crane.
l05th Machine Gun Battalion.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
PLOT AGAINST CZEMENCEAU is LAID TO BOLSHEVIST 4

symptoms technically. Just as II they
were those OF another person.
Nothing definite can be known Us
TO what the results OF the Premiers
injuries are likely TO be until IN
x-ray examination of the wound taken
this morning is developed and ex-
auined by the doctors. The wound In
itself Is slight. but necessarily serl-
Gus for n man as old as Is the French
Prime Minister.
The physicians say that his heart
and arteries are young. and they point
out that he has been a lifelong alb
stainer. and has not smoked for
twenty years.
His enforced lnacuon is weighing
heavily upon the Premier and the doc
tors hnd him a bad patient, unwilling
20 obey all their orders lie inslst,d Il
In receiving visitors all day yesterday
and In discussing current business
with stephen Pichon, tho Foreign MINI
lister, who called upon him late in t1e
evening for the third time after tho
shooting.
The Premier raised the question rs
to whether the Supreme Council
should sit this afternoon, as had been
arranged. and expressed the wish that
the decision b. left 10 the delegates
Of the other great powers Consc-
quently Paul Dutasta, the General
Secretary OF the Peace Conference,
was instructed TO call upon tho Ameri-
can. British, italian and Japanese
delegations and get their views.
1t was considered probable that the
delegates would suggest waiting for a
few days, probably until tho beginning
OF next week. boforo rosuminG their
work.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
TO WASHINGTON, 85 MINUTES
Nrmy Flyer Makes Record Betwrr
This city and Capital.

WASHINGTON. Feb. 2O.--unoffieio
announcement was made to-day that
Lieut.. Frank II. Harmon oil thc Army
Flying Corps broke all records between
Ncw York and Washington yesterday
oy making tho trip III oighty-five mil.
utes with one OF the new La Perc scou'
planes. built for American air fighter
under the direction OF a French Officer
The little machine carries a 400 hors,
power Liberty motor
Lieut., Harmon reported that NJ made
an average speed Of about les miles an
hour with a fair breeze.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
LAST SOLDIER ABROAD
CAN Be BROUGHT BACK
BEFORE SUMMERS END
lnNs-ator anl Seven Other Big
German Ship Added 10 U. S.
TNH.norL Fleet
WASHINGTON. Feb. 20

HETl NIT L information
reached tho War Depart
ment TODAY that eight
German steamships, including
the Impcrtor. had been dictated
to the United States for tranG
porting troops from France
All ut these ships. now al
Hamburg. have been inspected
and examining boards reported
Lhrv were ready for Immediate
service. They will provide ac-
commodJiions for from 10000
80 Go.0o0 additional troops
monthly
Sumcion, ,unnagc now is avail
Jbic ur in sight to return every
American soldier nom EUROPE
u,fo-c tar end OF the coming
,ummcr = such policy were
decided upor hN 'Ar Govern
men.
EmharAatioua from overseas
~ 10 March win total 800. zoe.
leaving approximately 1000, ,OOO
mon IN France ana Germany,
according to these dNicial csti-
mates March omhlrkatIOng arc
expected 'O reach a. minimum Of
20OOOo and April AZ least 225,OOo.
rho monthly rate for May. June,
July ana August is expected To-
exceed 100000.
The evening world., 1919-02-20
$4,000 IN SILKS STOLEN
FROM A MOVING TRAIN
Fire on Towerman, Who Attempts
to Stop Two Truck Loads of
Loot, and EScane.

SCRANTON, Pa, Feb. 2O--A gang ot
thieves boarded "A Delaware, Lacka-
wanna and Western Railroad west
bound freight train as il was leaving
East Stroudsburg early this morning.
breaking open car loaded with silk
between Gravel Place ami AnaIomink
They dumped out many bales of six.
valued at SiOOG. which confcderates
loaded on two trucks ana mado their
escape
The towermpn At Ana,Dmink droppcd
and locked tho gates at the h.anWay
crossing against the bandits and saved
his lsfc by falling on the door when
fred on.