The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-30

not properly taken cnro OF In this orr
gan an undue strain Is thrown on the
fowls system, often resulting in dis
ease. and also allowing much Of the
nutriment to pass through the birds
body without being absorbed. In every
pen or yard n box OF grit should be
kept.
FEEDING METHODS AS MP0R-
TANT AS KINDS OF FEED.
There II no best feed or combination
Of feeds for poultry. but results in
good yields depend almost as much
upon the ability OF the feeder and the
methods Of feeding as on the kinds OF
grams, say poultry specialists of the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture The practical application Of sci
ence In poultry feeding Ia to know
about what proportion Of protein, car
bohydrates and fats gives good feed
ing results and then to use roughly
this relative proportion In making ra-
tons or In substituting different feeds
according to their price and avail
ability. Mineral matter, bulk and pal
atabillty, and in winter a green feed
are necessary In the ration to give
good resuita
The simplest feed mixtures and
home grown grains should usually be
selected. the rations varying with
changes in the market price Of the
grains. It 10 advisable for most poul-
try raisers to mix their own feeds. as
in this way they can control the pro-
portion of the various ingredients and
obtain the precise mixture that they
desire. If, however, one desires to pur-
chase prepared feeds information con-
corning the different commercial arti-
Giles may usually be secured from the
State experiment station. Most experi-
ment stations will analyze poultry
feeds and report on the different COM
mercid preparations sold by dealers
In their Statea
Ysvs Glasses 81 Feeds.
Poultry feeds may be divided for
convenience into Ave general classes:
First. grains, both whole and cracked;
second. ground grains. fed In the form
Of . mash; third. meat feeds: fourth.
mineral feeds; and NTH, green feeds.
Corn. cracked corn. wheat and wheat
screenings. oats, barley rye and buck
wheat are the principal grains. while
Of the ground feeds there are corn
meal and corn chop. corn and cob meal,
wheat bran. middlings. shorts and low
grade -four, oatmeal, oat Hour and
ground or crushed oats and mixed
feeds. In the meat feeds, or feeds sup
plying animal protein. are beef scrap.
f'sh scrap. meat meal. ground green
bone and various forms OF milk: while
hone meal. dry bone, oyster shells and
grit make up the mineral feeds and,
with charcoal and green feeds. COM
plete the common feeding materials.
Many ground feeds which are by
products of the common grains. are
used to good advantage in feeding in
combination with grain and beef scrap.
Ground grains and meat feeds are more
forcing than the whole grains COM
monty used. while the combinations of
the whole grains with the ground feeds
makes a more economical feed and
better balanced ration than the whole
grains alone. The feed elements are
usually cheaper in the ground than in
the whole grains, as the former are by
products OF many OF the grains used
Tor human consumption. Ground
Grains and beef scrap. In combination,
either wet or dry, make what Is called
a mash" These by-products are
higher in protein than most OF the
common grains so that a balanced
re ton IL secured by combining whole
81 aims with the mash. Some OF the
ground grains. such as bran and mid
oIings, add a large percentage OF bulk
70 tho ration, which is beneficial
Animal protein is considered essen
tial TO the hest results in feeding. Most
poultrynen feed meat In GONE form, or
fish scraps. while suburban poultry
keepers either feed this product or ia
be scraps. Some form Of feed contain
ing animal protein must be supplied II
any eggs are to be obtained In the
winter. Fowls on free range on the
farms pick up bugs and insects during
part OF the year, which furnish TIT
protein feed. so that the use az addi-
tional meat feeds Is regulated by indi
Yidual conditions. Fowls closely con-
fined need more animal feed than those
on good range; and IN a cold climate
where no bugs or insects are available
during several winter months. more
anirla, feed must be supplied than in
sections where thn winters are mild.
A balance Ration for Poultry.
4 well balanced, simple ration may
" made Of equal parts, by weight, Of
heat, cracked corn and oats fed twice
ally, usually in the morning and at
night. The grain may be either scat
tered on the rance in summer and ir
the litter in the poultry house in win
ter, or fed in the house throughout the
wear 1t should be supplemented with
n wet or dry mash Of two parts o
corn meal and one part each OF wheat
bran, middlings and beef scrap. one
feed OF mash may he fed AZ any TIM
during the day and the grain fed for
the other two meas. Regulate tho
proportions OF grain and mash so that
the hon will consume about equal
parts OF each. About one quart o!
grain daily should he fed TO every SIX
teen TeghorH. hens. or 10 thirteen gen