davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
SMALLER NATIONS ARE HELD
LEAGUES GREATEST PR OBLEMS
Have Not Learned to Diferentiate Be-
tween Individual and World interests.
Present Conflicting Claims.

suHocation' at the hands of the
iI'e larger powers, Immediately there
.ouio come before the league of ma
lions a serious problem, one which
hisht require such military forces
as may be set aside for the enforce
nleHt OF world peace. to settle. And
asaih the question arises, Would the
seLtiement be any more successful
than that which is being attempted
In Paris today?"
See Solution in Time.
The whole roblem is one which
mas neen given serious consid deration
cy the statesmen OF the five larger
powers IN the peace conference. 1t
generally is azFeedE-ei1at,a after stlIe
ilrameWofk e Of the league of nations
set up And actual busIness Of
nanuiing the many small problems
tnat arise between the governments
ana peoples of the smaller nations
starts there will be discord. but as
long as this friction exists only
among the lesser of the powers, then
all VIII go well. Eventually. through
the processes of education and proved
spirit of fairness on the part of the
larger powers, conflict will he re-
duced to the minimum and finally
completely eradicated
But no one expects that any league
Of nations will prevent ella shes as he
tween certain of the Balkan peoples
for some years to come
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Known as Japanese Moltke.

Field Marshal Prince Arizona Yam
agata was one of the most famous
soldiers and statesmen in Japan. He
was one of the last of the group of
elder statesmen who have been the
personal advisers of the throne. and
he welded special power because it
was he who built up and became the
supreme head or the Japanese army
as 1t is known today. He was fire.
quently called the Japanese Moltke.
Prince Yamagata was born April
%, 1898, the son of a samurai OF
Choshu. and he became one of the
ablest captains of the Choshu clan in
resisting the invasion of the shogu-
nate army in 1866. He threw himself.
heart and soul, into the great move
ment for the overthrow of the shogu-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
ADOPTION OF LEAGUE
WILL HASTEN PEACE
Seen as Greatest Fundamental, and
World Soon to Know Where
It Stands.
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.
Stan Correspondent of The Star.

BY Wireless.
PARIS, February 17.-Rejoieine at
the peace conference, which began
when it was announced that an agree
ment on covenant league nations had
been reached, continues. Statements
declared yesterday it was golden day
in the history of civilization. Tributes
to President Wilson as dominating
figure and statesman who brought it
about continue at flood tide.
In the basic principle of the league
are established majority of the IA
nous fourteen points. Nathan Srtaus.
chairman of League to Enforce Peace
and for fifteen years a members of
arbitration board of league tribunal.
declared to me that Hague tribunal
was mere wish and that this glorious
reality is greatest achievement of man.
kind.
Having scored such a tremendous
victory against prejudice arising from
the old order. the President is on way
home, but the work of the peace con-
ference will continue unabated, and
possibly with greater spirit than ever
before, because of the rejoicing that
the fundamental of all fundamentals
has been enacted.
Leading statesmen voice the convic-
tion that when President Wilson re-
turns to France many conference COM
mittees will have reported, and after
the formal discussion and adoption by
the conference of all league tenets.
other business of the conference will
be dispatched speedily, and the world
soon will know where it stands. that
it's economic and business interests
will no longer fear war, but admit
the grave dangers with which the
economic world is confronted and the
elimination of these throughout the
world, including Germany, will be
striven for. European enemies of
Germany are more and more convinced
that Wilsonian ideas regarding Ger
many must coincide with just policy
and are necessary if chaos does not
result.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
HOWARD UN|VERS|TY'S
MAIN BUILDING AHRE

Fire broke out shortly after 2:Se
o'clock this afternoon in the main
building of Howard University, 9th
street and Howard place northwest.
Almost before the engines had
reached the scene the flames had got
ten such headway that the smoke
was visible in the downtown section
of the city.
Those who were in the building
scurried out without waiting TO save
effects in the building.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
D0UBTERS TO AID LEAGUE.

NEW YORK, February 17.-Honest
doubters of the feasibility of the
league of nations plan will be its
ablest champions. and only militarists
see in il no rainbow of promiss
across the sky" Josephus Danieis
Secretary of the Navy. declared in an
address here yesterday at a meeting
which marked the formal Opening ~
the interchurch emergency campaign.
The agreement on the leagues con-
stitution. Secretary Daniels declared
was an event in the worlds history
second only to the declaration of the
shepherds Of Bethlehem, we have
seen His star in the east and have
come to worship"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
CROSSES AWARDED
CAPITAL OFFICERS
Three Get Army Honor for
Distinguished Service in
Fighting Huns.

The War Department has awarded
to three District officers and a cor
poral from Laurel, Md, the dis
tinguished service cross The men
are Lieut.. Col. Edmund L. Zane. 23d
Infantry, of 1925 street northwest:
Capt. Leroy P. Hunt. 5th Regiment.
Marine Corps, of 1212 o street. and
Lieut.. Thomas Edward Jones. 36sth
Infantry, of 500 o street northwest
all of the District, and Corp. Barry
T. Schooley of Laurel, Md.
Through Heavy Fire.
Lieut.. Col. Zane was cited for heroic
work near st. Etienne, France. from
October 3 to 0 Of last year. He lied
his battalion through heavy machine
gun and shell fire to its objective"
On several other occasions he vol
UNFAIRLY visited the front and OBJ
tained. at the risk of his life. i'm
portant information for his reei-
mental commander
Citation was given Capt. Hunt for
extraordinary heroism at st. Etienne
October and 4. The officer and his
men, after six hours of fighting" re-
dueed large sector of the trenches
and machine gun nests. and captured
800 prisoners
"On October 4, near ST Etienne, Cant.
Hunt constantly exposed himself to
enemy fire while leading his men
toward their objective" says the cita
ton. His gallant conduct gave his
men confidence to completely rout
superior enemy forces, concentrating
for counter attack"
Cared for Wounded Man.
Lieut. Jones won his honor at
Binarville, France, September 27. He
faced direct machine gun fire to care
for a wounded soldier, who was be-
ing carried by an officer, and received.
while dressing the wound of the man
a machine gun bullet. which passed
between his arm and chest. 4 man
was killed within few yards of
him.
When Schooley's platoon fell back
under heavy shell fire, the Laurel cor
poral made a personal Reconnaissance
of an enemy machine-gun nest
through a heavy barrage. He killed
one OF the enemy gunners and drove
on the others with hand grenades.
thereby enabling his platoon to re-
sumo its position.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Admit Situation Grave.

Allied statesmen of the larger pow
ers and who are debating what the
course Of the smaller nations shall
be in greater or less degree admit
the present situation is one hiled
with danger.
During the sessions of the peace
conference representatives OF the
smaller nations have made claims
which are declared more than ex-
travagant. Unless they in large
measure receive what they desire 1t
is admitted that they have it within
their power to return to their re-
paigns of resistance to the authority
of the league of nations. Were Jugo-
slavia, Czechoslovakia, Greece. Serbia.
Rumania, Montenegro and Bulgaria
to join hands against what they term
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Others of Washington
Who Have Made Ocean
Trip; Pershing's Praise

Fhe following Washington officers
and men. in addition to those men
ttoned in the foregoing dispatch. were
on the Huntington: Cook John L.
-Chism. Casual Company No. 81. son
OF Mrs. Mamie Chism of SIG North
street northeast Corp Bernard c.
kentsraf. son of Frank zentgraf. of
1919 Bennington road; Cook Harley
Aorningstar of the 164th Ambulance
Company, 41st Division. son OF Mrs.
.Anna Morningstar, of 81 New York
xContinued on Second Page.)
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Expect President Back March Is
NEW HOMES NECESSARY
TO HOUSE NEWCOMERS

Whether Washington is to remain
the enlarged and busy city which il
became during the war depends upon
how fast new homes are started to
properly house the new population, in
the opinion of Edwin S. Hege, man.
ager of the United States home regis
triton service.
The government is going to keep
permanently a great many of the peo-
Die it brought to Washington during
the war" said Mr.. Hege, but these
people are not going to remain if they
rented rooms as they were forced to
do during the war"
Need for Better Dwellings.
Before the war there were 500 va
cant dwellings in the District, Mr..
Hege pointed out, which are all occu
to occupy them or go without accom-
modations. The majority of these
houses, he said, were idle before the
war because they were not of the
type that a family would want for a
pern1anent home.
tinned, '.the majority of these houses
will be found vacant again as soon as
the resumption of home building
makes better dwellings available"
Small homes of six and eight rooms
which can be rented are still scarce
despite the ending of the war and
there also is a demand for apart
ments and light housekeeping ac-
comuodations, Mr.. Hege said.
The room registration service, 14I4
H street. also can still use indiyid-
nal rooms. Mr.. Hege explained that
the exodus of several thousand war
workers has not reduced to a great
extent the demand for rooms because
rovernment employees who lived three
and four in a room during the war
are now desirous OF getting rooms
to themselves.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
PRINCE YAMAGATA
IS DEAD IN JAPAN
Long Leader of Conserva-
tives and Practically Die
tator of Japanese Politics.
Cabiesram to The Evening Star and
Chicago Daily News. Copyright, 1919.

TOXIC, Japan, February II. - f1eid
Marshal Prince Yamagata, long the
leader of the elder statesmen. the
power behind the throne, the maker
and unmaker of cabinets. and praeti-
cally the dictator of Japanese politics,
died today. His passing breaks UP
the transcendental system Of govern
ment and opens the way to more
rapid development of constitutional
government and representative insti-
tutions.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Textile Strike Begins Third Week.

LAWRENCE. Mass. February IT,
The strike of, the textile operatives
here entered on its third week today.
Mill agents said the number of OPP
eratives. reporting for work Was
greater than on any previous day.
leaders of the strike TO obtain thirty
four hours pay for forty-eight hcurB
work. insisted. however. that thslr
strike was unbroken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Italian Royal Family in Paris.

PARIS. February 17.-Queen Helena
Of Italy, who is visiting her father.
King Nicholas Of Montenegro. here.
was accompanied to Paris by her two
daughters. Yolanda and Mafaida, and
travelled in strictest incoenito.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
SPARTACANSL LOOT
CITY IN WESTPHAL|A
Troops 0verpower Defenders
of GeIsenkirchen and Whole
sale Robbery Follows.
HAVE CONTROL OF WIRES

RF the Associated Press.
BERLIN. Sunday, February 10. -
Spartacan troops from nearby towns
marched into Gelsenkirchen, in West
phalia, early this morning and over
powered the local military and police
forces. portion of which went over
to the Spartacans. The plundering of
the city followed.
The doors of houses were blown
in with hand grenades and much
booty was secured by the Spartacans
The Gelsenkirchen banks and the
city treasury had been warned in time
and saved their funds.
The raiding Spartacans came from
Rattungen and Wattenscheid
Gelsenkirchen is in the Westphalian
mining region. six miles mort invest
of Bochum. 1t has population OF
about 10000.
In Complete Control.
COPENHAGEN, February 1.-THE
telephone, telegraph and newspaper
Offices at Nuremberg. Bavaria, nave
been occupied by Spartacans, accord
ing to reports received here.
The outbreak in Nuremberg follow
ed an attempt by the government
forces to disperse procession of
Spartacans, who were protesting
against the reorganization of the
Bavarian army. Shots were said to
have been fired from the barracks
into the crowd, which took matters
into it's own hands and stormed the
army headquarters and seized the tele-
phone, telegraph and newspaper Of
fees.
Berlin Expected Trouble.
BERLIN, Sunday. February 16 tby
the Associated Press) Trouble had
been expected in Berlin today from
radical elements, but up to 5 o'clock
this afternoon no disturbances had
been reported anywhere in the city.
The expected outbreak appears to
have been nipped in the bud by the
arrest late Saturday night of eighty
members of a Spartacan and revolu
tionary soldiers union who had as
sembled in a hall, it was charged. to
plan disturbances for today.
Store Workers Strike Spreads.
BERLIN. Friday, February 14.-The
strike of department store workers in
Berlin has spread to Hamburg and
5000 employees OF shops and stores
there are on strike. The Hamburg
workers left. their posts after placing,
placards in the show windows declar-
ing: Our smpIoyers earn q million
! year; We are paid seventy-fve
marks monthly
The Berlin strike has not yet been
settled and late this afternoon the
number of employees who had left their
posts was 10000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
SENATOR SCORES
BREST CONDITIONS
Camps Insanitary State Vig-
orousIy Condemned by
Mr.. Owen.
sneciaI pispateh to The star.

Special Dispatch TO Inc Staf
HOBOKEN, y. j., February IL
United States Senator Robert L. Owen
of Oklahoma, chairman of the Senate
banking and currency committee, re-
turning here today on the steamship
Rotterdam vigorously condemned
sanitary conditions at Brest. and de-
cIared he would bring the situation
to the attention of Secretary of War
Baker Immediately. Senator Owen
said he would probably leave during
the day for Washington.
"Of course, climate conditions in Brest
are very bad. 1t rains daily. The Off
GERS are doing their utmost, but the
great trouble b the piling up Of many
men before there are ships to take them
away. 1 understand that food and the
general care of soldiers have improved.
but matters are still very bad. The
men everywhere in France, not alone in
Brest, are crazy to get home. At Srest
1 found them melancholy and home
sick and l heard that a major commit
ted suicide there quite recently. 1 heard
nothing but disappointment on all Sides
said Senator Owen
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17

nate, which had eclipsed the power
of the mikado for SO many years, and
when the latter was restored to the
throne Yamagata rose rapidly through
imperial favor and his remarkable
ability as a leader.
Following a mission to Europe for
the purpose of studying the French
and German military systems, he was
appointed vice minister of war and in
that capacity succeeded in having the
Prussian system OF cohscrip.ion. with
ertain notifications, adopted in Ja-
pan. Another of his incidental achieve
ments was the abolition of the sword
wearing habit of the samurai classes
In 1873 he received the war minis
ter's portfolio when he was only thir-
ty-six years old, and on the ouooreak
of the Satsuma rebellion in 1877 he
went to the front as chief of staff of
the imperial forces.
At the close of the successful cam
paign Yamagata received the nrst-
class order of the Rising Sun and was
appointed successfully chief of the
general staff, home minister and min
lister of Justice, in which two latter
capacities he reorganized the system
of local government and effected far
reaching judicial reforms.
His Part in War.
In the war with China Yamaga
commanded the 1st Army corps. WIN
ming decisive victories at Pingyang
and Chin-lien-cheng. He represented
Japan at the coronation Of the En-
peror Nicholas of Russia.
In the Russo-Japanese war he was
chief Of the general staff, and when
prince Ito went to Korea as resident
general in 1905 Yamagata succeeded
him as president of the privy council
Prince Yamagata was a conservative
to the last. and resented the principle
HI he f,f
powerful personality and never fail
ing paternal kindness for those amen
able to his authority created host Of
followers. He was, in many respects,
the beau ideal of the old samurai. and
to the last retained his love for the re-
fined relaxations of that class. such as
the game of go, the tea ceremony, the
lS'no" drama. music and paintings.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Claims Are Conflicting.

The difficulties of the committees
which have been named by the peace
conference to handle the many phases
of the adjustment of international re-
lationships are swamped by the con-
fiicting claims of the old and to-be
newly created countries.
Some of the representatives of the
smaller states have begged, others
have heatedly demanded recognition
along lines following closely purely
national aspirations. Furthermore
some have openly threatened to stir
up further strife if demands are not
needed AS a whole, the conferees
of the larger powers have listened
patiently, if not benevolently, and
though all are dominated by the be-
lief that there should be self-def1ni-
tion for all peoples and that adequate
compensation should be given to all
those who have suffered during the
war, 1t nevertheless is realized that 1t
is impossible to adjust all problems
to the satisfaction of all peoples, and
are pursuing middle-o of the road
policy in their dealings with the
smaller countries of Europe.
President Wilson has emphatically
stated that the wishes of the peoples
shall rule in the final settlement. In
this the allied statesmen who are de-
pendent upon the desires of the people
will accede, but where the question OF
conflicting personal interest is para
mount it may be expected that the
friction will continue long after SOL
emn covenants have been arrived at
in Paris.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Opponents Hold Presidents
Request for Delay to
Be 0ne-Sided.
POINT TO HIS AND OTHER
SPEECHES SUPPORTING 1T
Mr.. Wilson's Landing at Boston
Seen as Move to Forestall
Mr.. Lodge.

Debate on the proposed league of
nations is expected to break out in
the Senate at any time, notwithstand
ing the cable of the President to the
foreign relations committee asking
that debate be refrained from until
he has an opportunity TO confer with
the members of the committee in: re-
gard to the constitution for the league,
which has just been announced.
Senators opposed TO the leaguf as
proposed take the position that there
is no good reason why they should
delay expressing their views, espe-
cially when the President himself de-
livered speech in Paris strongly ad-
vocating the league, and members of
his cabinet, including Secretary Dam
iels do not hesitate to speak in favor
of the league.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Would Give Men Work.

THE government should organize
an employment bureau that would
help every returned soldier. and until
this is done they should not be made
children of charity. I will advocate
vocational training for every man
still In service. SO they can get work
When mustered out" !.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Await Chance to Speak:

Why, they say. should only those in
favor of the league be heard? Sew
eral senators today said they should
not hesitate to discuss the league, il
the opportunity presents itself during
the debate on the floor. Senator Poin-
dexter of Washington said he proba-
bly, would make a speech on il either
today or tomorrow Senator Cummins
of Iowa also is understood to be pre-
pairing a speech on the proposed
league and its constitution. He is op-
posed to the mandatory features OF
the constitution
That the constitution of the league
of nations as now drafted is in direct
conflict with the Constitution of the
United States in those parts which are
mandatory upon the nations joining
them is the contention of some OF the
senators who Will oppose the league.
Sees Conflict With Constitution.
The Constitution OF the United states
is VITAL living thing" said one Of the
senators, member of the foreign rela-
tions committee, discussing the matter
today. IF the league OF nations also
is to be a living thing. and: is not in
sophical discourse on internationalism,
then it will come directly into conflict
with the Constitution of the United
States. For the Constitution says that
the Congress of the United States shall
do certain things, including the raising
of armies, etc, and the league OF ma
tions constitution takes from Congress
these powers and places them in the
hands of an international tribunal"
Senators expressed deep. interest to-
day, in their private interchangeS OF
views, in what they termed President
Wilson's bold move to blanket possible
opposition by Senator Lodge and other
republican senators to the league OF
nations plan. pending his return 10
this country, when he can exert his
own personal influence is its behalf
Bearing in mind that Senator Lodge
will be the chairman of. the commit
tee on foreign relations, with repub-
lican majority, upon the reorganIza-
ton of the Senate. after: March 4, and
that he is supposed to be in the main
plan, the significance of the Presidents
course is better appreciated Senators
pointed out that the President has re-
auested that no opposition be voiced
to the plan in the Senate until he has
had time TO explain it
In the meantime, he is to land in
Boston, Senator Lodges own town,
with the announced intention of max
ing speech upon The SuuJttt Oh
which he has asked the Senate to put
the soft pedal He intends. some sena-
tors thought today, to carry the fight
ing into Senator Lodges own COM
munity at the very outset. and even
to anticipate Senator Lodge.
The President proposes, these sena-
tors deduced, to forestan subsequent
opposition on the part of the prospec-
tive chairman of the foreign relations
committee by starting a fire under
him at home
Mr.. Lodge Is Undecided.
1t was said today that Senator
Lodge mas not determined yet
whether he will remain silent on the
subject of the league of nations plan
or not His colleagues felt that he is
being placed in somewhat embar-
RAISING position
President Wilson, senators said. Is
of ohilffxx
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
Mrs. Owen Condemns Camp.

Mrs. owen, who had been intentfy
following every word. interjected ct
this point: THE trouble is that a lot
of soldiers at Brest are ordered abont
when they are unable to travel. Brest
is a horrible hole. 1t is not fit for cat
tle," her voice choked and the tears
streamed down her cheeks as she con-
tinued: The place is overcrowded.
I'VE could not get accommodations.
1t is heartrending to see men in line
waiting hours in the rain for food
which was soggy and almost unfit to
eat when 1t got to them. Anybody
who advocates the correction of these
evils is doing Christian work If
Brest is better now than what it was,
God help those who were there at the
first"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-02-17
WEATHER.

Generally cloudy tonight and tomor-
row. probably rain or snow; warmer to-
night.
Temperature for twenty-four hours
ended at 2 pm. today: Highest, 40. at
pm. today: lowest. 20, at am. today.
Fun report on page is.