The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-06-22

these dishes, on the other hand. test.
fed that she found those fried in I'D :
ter far preferable to either oysters d.
shrimps.
Whatever the actual value OF the
cicada for food, he appears in any one
place, too seldom to make him an arti-
Gle OF staple diet. Animals and birds.
however, seize with avidity upon the
pup@ as they emerge fat from the
ground. Hogs in particular will root
up grousd foot deep to find them
They are full of a rich, creamy fat
which appeals to hogs, chickens, dogs
and birds. This substance is actually
so full of fat that It has been success
fully used in making soap.
The mention of Dr. Riley and DIR.
Howard opens up the tale OF the chart
Ing of the cicada, in its way no less
interesting than the life of the insect
itself. Following the colonial refer
ences mentioned above the fame Of
the cicada spread abroad and was
treated by Swedish scientists at the
same time. Most OF the contributions
TO knowledge with regard to the
cicada, however. were fragmentary
until 1884, when Nathaniel Potter and
Gideon B. Smith summed up the result
Of many years of careful observation
and collection in printed volume.
The Is Year Brood.
In 1S45 came a very important dis
| covery from DR.. d. L. Phares of Wood
Vile; Miss. He ascertained that there
was a Southern race Of the cicada
which appeared every thirteen years
instead of every seventeen. AS to
whether or not this was a distinctive
| species was a heatedly moot question
for many years. Finally it has been
settled that the two are rather differ
ent races Of the same species They
appear sometimes in the same years
and in overlapping territories. but
there has been no evidence that the
J two races cross. No broods interme-
diate in time have been developed be-
tween the two.
1t is the theory that great changes
in temperature, geologic or climatic
conditions in past ages may have been
responsible for this change of habit
between the two races. No other diff
ferences exist. either in form or in
habit
| In the same way the seventeen vari-
GUS broodS Of the septendecim races
the thirteen of the tridecim are pre-
sumed to have been developed through
the occasional retardation or accelera-
ton of the cycle in the case of indi-
viduals or particular swarms subjected
to abnormal conditions for a time. II
has been shown. for instance, that the
transfer OF the larvae to n greenhouse
where the earth is kept constantly
warmed without seasoned variation
| will accelerate the development OF the
individuals concerned by as much as
year.
! Throughout the nearly 800 years In
! which the appearance OF the locusts
has been recorded, however nc
brood has been reported which
did not during that time APP
pear at the regular intervals
OF either seventeen years in the
North or thirteen years in the South
Furthermore there seems to be trace
able a general relationship between
the sequence OF the various broods and
their geographical location. all OF which
Is set forth in the series OF graphic
charts prepared by the Department
OF Agriculture and enabling them tC
tell accurately at any time just wher
and where the locusts will make theii
appearance.
Brood No. X Of this year is not onl,
the largest Of any, but there seems &c