davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
$4,000 MOTHERS
Die EVERY YEAR
Maternal Deaths, Largely Pre-
VentatIie, Cause Of Study
By Chi|dren's Bureau,

. WASHINGTON, Jan. 23.-ApproM-
mately $1,000 mothers in this country
die every year in child birth from
causes which are largely preventative,
declares Miss Julia G. Lathrop,. chief
Of the children's bureau, department
of labor, in her annual report, just
issued.
''The loss involved is immeasura-
ble," declares Miss Lathrop. 1T does
not stop with the loss Of -vigor and
efficiency to the mother. It extends,
in general, to the well-being of her
home and her children, and, in particu-
lar, to the motherless infant who faces
a peculiarly hazardous existence.
"The prevention of maternal deaths
involves the problems Of making uni
Versally available and universally de-
sired adequate care of child birth and
before. When this can be accom-
plished new step will have been
taken in the prevntion also of infant
deaths among the large number of ba-
bies whose mothers escape the dangers
involved in the lack of proper care"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
MEAT PACKERS
OWN: 665>: FIRMS
Chairman Federal Trade CON-
mission Tells Of Trusts Far
Reaching Methods.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 23.-At hear
ing on the meat industry before the
house interstate commerce committee
Chairman Colver of the federal trade
commission said 665 active companies
are under the control or operation of
one or the other of the "big five"
packers, while 125 have no corporate
existence. Some control of IS other
companies is exercised, he said. In
35 cases the packers control is in the
minority and in so the extent of their
control is unknown.
The big five" are the Swift, Ar
mour, Morris, Wilson and Cudahy
companies.
The federal trade commissioner de-
clared that the operation of refrigera-
tor cars by independent meat packers
is Theoretically possible, but in realty
is a losing venture"
Railroads furnish such poor SER
vice to small packers that they soon
find that they cannot continue to oper-
ate the cars" he said. Marked dis
elimination Of service has been shown
in many instances. Cars operated by
the big five averaged 80 miles a day,
while the average of all other refrig-
orator cars is 81 miles"
Mr.. Colver put into the record let
ters said to have passed between the
Swift Refrigerator Packing company
and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas rail-
road Showing how the railroad was
to dismantle stock yard at Fort
Worth, Texas, which operated in COM
petition with yards owned jointly by
Armour and Swift, before the packers
would give the road any traffic from
that point"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
LAB0R'S PLAN IS TO MAKE WORLD
WITHOUT WAR A LIVING REALITY

Bourbon politicians, who are worrying about
how they will restore the good old times of
1914 are troubling themselves needlessly. They
have been fired from that job.
Employers who regretting the difficulty
they will have in smashing the unions and get
ting wages back to a pre-war basis" can rest
their minds on that point That job will never
be done.
Imperialists, militarsts and neolthic congress,
men and ante-bellum minded statesmen and diplo-
mats who are busily engaged in drawing plans
for restoration of national rivalries, big arma-
ments and conscript armies of the kind that pro-
duced the late unlamented holocaust had better
hide the plans. They will be considered incrim-
mating evidence if found in ~anyone's personal
belongings
The new world, the world that was born in
the travail of the last four years will not be man.
aged by any of these. It is not their child to
train That world is the world of labor and labor
will manage it.
Labor is getting ready for the job everywhere.
The membership of British trade unions increased
from 100000 to 100000 during the war; Two
out of the five delegates that will represent the
British Empire at the peace congress are trade
unionists. 1t is only because the leaders of the
Labor Party f1irted with pacfism, defeatism, pro-
Germanism and Bolshevism during the war that
election.
King Alberts new government contains six
clericals, two liberals and five Socialists His
first official statement was promise of universal
suffrage. This insures labor victory at the next
election.
President Wilson was welcomed to the soil of
France by Socialist mayor OF Brest He was
hailed upon his arrival in Paris by the represen-
tatives of the unions and the Socialists as the
champion of labor's peace program. He is sit
ting at the peace table with a union member of
the French peace delegation.
1t appears that only Japan and the United
States will be without labor representatives at the
peace congress.
Labor is going to write the terms of peace.
1t sketched the outline of them when it made its
demands at the Inter-Allied Labor and Socialist
conferences held during the war. At both of
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
)STS SINGLE WOMAN :
STATS 4 WEEK TO LIVE

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 23.-Mrs.
.ah Hagan, chairman Of the United
rment Workers. appeared before
J, industrial welfare commission
h documentary evidence to show
It the cost of living of single
man in these times, without put
8 anything aside for a rainy day,
rs a week. Her list shows such
MS as wholesome food. substantial
thing, one picture show a week
I ten cents for church plate.
The purpose of the meeting was the
posed rearjustment of the wage
edule for women to fit post war
.ditions.
representatives of employers advo-
ed. a national wage scale in order
t: there might be no disadvantage
tered by any Of the various states.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25

these it laid down terms practically identical with
those outlined by President WILSON, Today there
arr few who deny that these will prevail
Labor is unanimous for league of peace and
universal disarmament. This" is respectfully re-
ferred to those antiquated mentalities who have
been busily explaining President Wilson's great
mistake in urging such an unpopular policy upon
unwilling allies ::: .~":
European labor is making war upon war. In
the oft-repeated phrase of the London cockney,
they are "bloody well fed up" on war: They
are going to end Krupps and Skodas, and also
Armstrong;, Cruesots and the whole breed.
As the one element that had nothing to do
with bringing on the war, and that suffered most
from war, labor is now determined to have
world without war.
1t sees that kaisers and GEARS, governmental
and industrial tyrants, imperafsts; diplomats and
militarists made this war inevitable. Labor
smashed these things in the Central Empires.
Labor took the statements that we were fight
ing for liberty, democracy and social justice seri
ously. Even though it knew that some who re-
peated these phrases were only using them
political platforms are always used, as mere rally
ing cries full of sound and fury and empty air,
yet it knew it's own strength to be sufficient to
give substance to the otherwise hollow mockery.
Now labor is insisting upon nothing and
nothing less than that these promises be fulfilled.
British unions have demanded and secured al
most equal voice with employers in the manage
ment of industry. They insisting that the
fertile acres of the British Isles be opened for
cultivation and no longer held as deer pastures
and pheasant runs. They have condemned the
slum, and it is being replaced by model homes,
built and managed by the state.
Labor co-operated with employers during the
1t fully and fairly fulfilled every pledge it
ma ic will RI S11ch
tion so long as the faith is kept. It welcomes
every proposal to secure progress without fric-
ton, social justice without disorder, universal
peace without revolution.
But labor is fully conscious, not only of its
purposes and its duties, but also of its@power.
1t is not going back. 1t will>move forward: It
will not now lose the war after having won
through these four bloody years. ~. !. i. a..
The hunting season for autocrats is open.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
WORKERS DEMAND made
FOR REPUBLIC IN SPAIN

MADRID, Spain, Jan. 2a.-The
first results of the new understand
ing between the Catalonian autonom-
lists and the Republicans have been
manifested in demonstration held
at Barcelona, at which Senor Ler-
roux, Republican leader. made a
strong speech in which he called for
a great and Immediate effort toward
the establishment. Of ||a republic in
Spain. He declared that the Repub-
licans expected the Socialists and
Syndicalists to support them, but dis
claimed all connection with Bolshe-
ViSm.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25

$7,000,O0O and injured laborers were
paid higher compensation without ad-
ditionally penalizing industry in that
state.
California's Law.
Out in California despite severe
competition by private casualty COM
panies, the California state insurance
fund for workmen's compensation has
made conspicuous gains during the
past year. according to the annual
report just issued by the State In
1ustrial Accident Commission.
The state fund shows an increase
II about 80 per cent over the busi-
less of 1917. It then wrote "a per
,ent of California's total compensa-
ion business, or $1,3o0,000 in premi-
I'M income, while the estimated
'remium income for 1913 is $780,
100.
Funds to Employers.
The expense ratio of the state fund,
Exclusive of the per cent tax, has
,een reduced from IS per cent in
915 to 10 per cent in 1918, and to
ate a. total Of $578,O0O has been re-
unded to policy-holders in dividends.
Organized labor insists that COM
nercial companies be excluded from
he field of Workingmen's compensa-
ion business. It holds that these
ompanies should have gone out of
usiness with employers liability.
hey might have had a field then and
=- neir business in it may have been
;oh h,,&
SIX and negligence have ceased to
pply in determining compensation to
le injured they have become a costly
\ urden to both employers and en-
loyes to carry.
Claim Agents Active.
Representatives of casualty COM
anies have been vigilantly protecting
leir interests for the past three
ears. They have taken deep interest
politics. Their state secretary is a
ember of the Republican state GEN.
al committee, which probably ex-
-ins the reason why Governor Burn
list in his annual address recon-
- ended against the enactment of a
ate insurance law.
The casualty companies have en-
ted in their campaign all sorts Of
surance representatives, such as
tiers of fire, life ordinary accident
d burglary insurance, and also the
ents Of bonding companies. It is
;ghty contest we are engaged i'll, but
-, fully expect to win, and if the
embers of the legislature are wise
ey will lose no time in passing the
tte insurance bill during this ses-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
TOLEDO MACH|N|STS OUT
FOR INCREASED WAGES

TOLEDO, Ohio, Jan. 23.-Members
of Machinist's union No. 105 struck
to enforce an increase at the Kent
Owens Machine company. The old
scale having expired more than a
month ago. which called for IS cents
per hour, a new one was presented
demanding Is cents.
Not having received any ihtimation
as to what determination the firm
had arrived at, action was taken to
force the issue by ceasing work. Over
$50 men are affected,
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
BAKERSFIELD BUTCHERS
GRANTED 8-HOUR DAY

BAKERSFIELD, CAL, Jan. 23.-The
Butchers union here has just signed
new scale agreement that comedies
them the e:ght-hour day. 1t is as
serted that this is the first butchers
union in the United States to secure
that recognition. The agreement also
provides that no Japs or Chinese are
to be hired in the butcher shops.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
TENNESSEE P, 0. BOYS
FORM STATE ASSOCIATION

NASHVILLE, Tenn, Jan. 23.-Pos-
tai employees of the state held a most
successful mass meeting Represen-
tatives fro mall sections of the state
were present. A permanent. organi-
zatioh to be known as the Tennessee.
state association Of postal employees
was formed. The purpose of the new
organization is to better the. postal
service and the working. conditions
Of postal employees s..
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25

'7. Amending workmen's compen-
sation laws so as to. make them more
adequate. State insurance must sup
plant employers liability insurance
operated for profit.
Restrict Immigration. -
49,. Prohibiting immigration into
the United States for a period of two
years after the pro oclamatien of peace.
"9. Providing for a:progressive in
crease In taxes on incomes, inheri-
tances and upon land values of such
a nature as to render it Improbable
to hold land without putting it to use.
Taxation should rest as lightly as pos
sible on~constructive enterprises.
40. Providing for government ex-
ercise Of advisory supervision over
public education. and, when necessary,
through subsidies without giving the
government power to hamper develop
ment< Of public education by the
states. 80
I'll. Prohibiting the operation Of
private employment agencies for
profit. -.
No Militarism.
"12. Providing for a small stand
ing army: and voluntary state militia.
"13: Providing for the free trans
portation Of discharged soldiers and
sailors to- their homes and the contin-
uanceas Of their. monthly salaries for
not to exceed IL months it employ
ment is not secured within that
period"
Most of these provisions have been
in the air almost ever since, the ar
mistice was signed: They have been
given expression. in both houses of
Congress and at public meetings in
many places. The American Fedora
ton of Labor has embodied them in
a comprehensive program which it
asks Congress. to senactsinto law. AM
plifytng these. conci3e statements. it
goes on record ;as being opposed to
any reduction in wages with:the pres
ent cost Of living and maintains that
in some cases they. must be advanced;
as favoring the equal pay for. men
and women for the same work; as
favoring an eight-hour day and no
overtime. except In emergencies; and
the right OF labor TO fix its hours of
work. = -,' = - q
Right to Organize First.
The report says that two kinds CT
rules and regulations affect workers,
those on the statute books and those
within industry, and it uses this as
prelude to the statement that work.
ers everywhere should :: insist upon
their rights to organize into trade
unions and that laws should be
enacted to: prexent any employer in
terfering with their legitimate activi-
ties. Just wages, it says, will pre-
vent industrial stagnauon and lessen
periodical unemployment, because,
with just wages. the consuming capac-
ity of the workers - Increased.
Legislative regulation Of corpora
tions is demanded ;also it is asked
that the wharves and docks connected
with public harbors be owned and
operated by the goYernmept and that
the merchant marine. be developed,
under governmental control
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
FRISCO BAKERS WANT
NO MORE NIGHT WORK

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 23.-The
union bakers have served notice on
the Master Bakers association that
they will strike to enforce an agree
ment entered into last April, but it's
enforcement was suspended in the
interest of wartime production. It
calls for the entire abolition of night
work.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
BREWERY WoRKMEN WILL
EMERGE FROM PROHIBITION

The International Brewery Work.
mems union is making an effort to or
ganize the our and cereal workers Of
Minneapolis. 1t requires more men
to supply the nation with bread and
breakfast food than it did to make
the beer of the country, and this Or
ganization, due to the wisdom and
foresight of it's officers, will emerge
from prohibition greater and grander
than ever. -. - Es5E @'s
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
MINNESOTA SPEAKER !.
) .... +. IS not non PARTISAN

The Minnesota legislature was rep-
resented at the Republican National
committee meeting in Chicago last
week by Speaker w. !. Nolan. Some.
Of III. had an idea that the legislature
Of this state was q non partisan or
ganixation. w :. i've ana lsasn.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
CANADIAN LABOR PARTY :.
LAUNCHED 1T VANCOUVER

Early in December. the Federated
Labor party was launched at mass
meeting In Vancouver, B.sC. About
the middle of the month numerous
labor Organizations in the eastern
part Of Canada; met at Montreal and
unanimously endorsed the formation
Of q labor party after the British pat
tern. s.. S. 81 ST IS
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
RECOMMEND 8-HOUR DAY.

NEWCASTLE, England, Jan. o.
As a result Of g. conference, between.
representatives Of men and employ
ers in the iron and steel trade, the
employers have agreed to recon-
mend to their associates the conces-
sion of an eight-hour day.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25
q -"
UNIONS F1EDERATE.

SALT LAKE, Utah, Jan. 23.-The
railroad shop employees here have
perfected a. federation including the
following crafts: Boilermakers, ma
chinists, blacksmiths, electrical work.
ers, sheet metal workers and carmen.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25

FIRE11EN ORGANIZE.
NORTH PLATTE, Neb. Jan. a.
Stationary firemen have organized
with a charter from the International
Brotherhood of Stationary Firemen.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-01-25

The columns Of this paper afford
an excellent advertising medium for
all kinds Of merchants Printers Ink
says that space in labor paper is
superior to that in any other publi-
cation, reaching the consuming class
and the rates are much lower.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
Los tres toques Gle clarin.

Tan pronto como Sc acerc0 Ia
pata al lugar tragico, los tres to-
ques de clarfn vibraron vigorosa-
mente
En- ell mismo instante, simulta-
neamente, y sin que el temible
Emiliano Zapata pudiera evitar-
10, siete balas atravesaronle ell pc
chO, derrlbandole con las convul-
stones de la muerte, al suelo.
La confusion que cntonces Sc
produjo fu6 indescriptible.. La
escolta Gle Zapata Sc apresto a una
defensa que va era in1til, pues
fuerzas leales Sc habian lido apro-
ximando al Tepalcingo.
La resistencia de los zapatis-
tas, realizada en- medic de la ma
yor confusion, tuyo por epilogo
la desbandada y, como resultado
Immediate, dejar sembrado dc ca
daveres ell campo.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
Ell momento supreme

FL lector pdtira imaginar la in
tensidad de estos momentos, Ell
que. peligraba la vida del coronel
Guajardo y en- que Sc aproxima-
ba la consumaci6n de una haza-
Ma tan peligrosa como era la de
ajusticiar a tan feroz cabecilla.
Una indescrecion del coronel
Guajardo, manifestada EN- el de-
talle mas mimic, podria costar la
vida de el Y la de los 10 oficiales
que afuera esperaban ell momento
supreme.
La temeridad Y ell arrojo de es-
tos hombres tocan los lfplites de
10 novelesco Y alcanzan la magni-
tud de 10 extraordinario.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
Llega Emiliano Zapata.

.El momento tan esperado como
temido Sc aproxima. Emiliano
Zapata, seguido de su escolta de
doscientos hombres, fu6 avistado
por los ofciales, que, acto CONT
nuo Sc dispusieron conveniente-
mente para dar el golpe.
Las nubes de polvo levantadas
por la caballeria fueron POGO a
POGO desvaneaiendose, v a ira
YES de elias dibuj6se la figura del
cabecilla surianO.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03

We historic del plan concebido
por ell general Pablo Gonzalez y
llevado a la practica por ell CO.
ronel Jesus Guajardo, y ell cual
plan di6 por resultado la muerte
de Zapata.
Don Pablo Gonzalez, de acuer-
do con ell coronel Guajardo, medi-
to los medios mas eficaces para
conseguir la apprehension de Ia
pata. Como este cabecilla habia
logrado escapar siempre de las te-
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
NUEvA FIRMA COMMERCIAL

En- atcna circular nos comunican los
sciiores don Jaime Gelabert y don Jo-
sociedad mercantil- industrial, en esta
plaza, que girara con la razon social
de 81. Gelabcrt g. Co..,
Dicha casa So dedicara la compra,
venta y alquiler de peliculas y a la OK
plotaci6n dc los Cines, en- toda la Isla.
Es sccio geStor don Jaime Gelabert, y
ambos tiencn derecho a hacer uso de
Ia firIna.
Nos completeness en- desear la nue.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
La celada.

Aieno Zapata la cclada que
Sc le tendia, dispuso que dos dc
sus generates" fCastrej6n Y
Amole) Sc adelantaran al lugar
indicado V ALI hablaran con Qua
iardo. Ell tanto que el (Zapata1
movilizara parte de su gente pa
ra que 10 custodiaron durante la
entrevista.
Nos parece oportuno advertir
/ que ell m1mero de hombres que
debia acOmpafiar al cabeciila era
de cerca de mil, incluyendO dos
cientos hombres que fOrmaban la
escolta.
Ell coronel GuajardO habia Sc
leccionado de antemano diez off.
ciales que. disfrazados (digamoslo
asi) dc soldados rasos, componian
el n1mero de hombres estipulado
por Emiliano Zapata.
Iustrufdos los cfciales Ell la mi
sion cue les correspondia cum
plir cuando llegara el momentO
culminante, instalaronse las
afueras de la casucha senalada
para Que la cOnferencia Guajar-
do-Zapata tuviese efccto.
Ell coronel Guajardo esper6 a
los generates" zapatistas Cas-
trej6n v Amole en- el interior, no
sin antes haber dadO las nltimas
inStrucciones a sus Oficiales V de
>haber indicado que a la presen-
cia de Zapata Sc dieran tres to-
ques de Clarin. que correspondent
un "divisionario" Y que por
otra parte. era Ia contrasena pa
ra la consumaci6n del plan an
/ tes tramado.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
Llegan los generates"

Tomadas tales .disposiciones, lie
garon al lugar de los hechos los
llamados generates" Castrej6n
Y Amole, los cuales iniciaron con-
versaci6n con ell cOronel Guajar-
do, que, como queda dicho, los
esperaba en- ell interior de la casa.
Dentro los tres, las puertaS fue-
ron cerradas para mayor reser-
va en- la entrevista: ell tanto que
los diez ofciales Sc habian apos-
tado Ell las afueras.
Lo hablado por Castrej6n Amo-
le V Guajardo. no fu6. segura-
mente de trascendencia, pues que
mas bien Sc dedicaron a tomar
cerveza, segdu el dicho de nues-
tro informante..
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
"ALIMONY"
PENSION DE DIVORCIo"

FL esposo: ,Por que Sc case I'd con-
migo -entonces!
La esposa: Por su dinero y para ESQ
es que presente la Corte- no de-
mandar un favor de usted, sino a recla-
mar mi, derecho, UNA PENSION DE
DIVORCIO. Veala donde quiera que
exhiban esta pelicula. Adv.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-05-03
Ell primer relate verbal.

Las informaciones de aver. no
obstante SUI precision y los deta-
Hes conque fueron publicados, de-
jaron ipsatisfechos a los lectores
de los diarios, avidos siempre de
felatOs mas colOridOs que los que
pueden trasmitir ell TELEGRAPH ell
su desespcrante laconismO.
La muerte de Zapata habia que
dado comprobada con el parte Off
cial rendido por ell divisionario
Pablo Gonzalez a la Presidencia
de la Repdblica; pero al publ
co, faltabale conocer la impression
personal de alg1n testigo que hui
biese presenciado los hechos, ell
relate verbal que hiciera alguna
persona mas interiOrizada del SEN
sacional suceso.
Para fortuna nuestra lego aver
esta capital, procedente de Cuau
tia, ell coronel y licenciado Miguel
Gid Ricoy, quien, en- representa-
ci6h del general don Pablo Con-
zalez vino a informar al senior pre-
sidente de la Rep1blica Y al ge-
neral Juan Barragan, sObre los
acontecimientos dc que esta PEN
diente ell interes de los haitian
tes de la naci6n.
En- las antesalas presidenciales
logramOs yer al senior Ricpy, y de
el 0btuvimos ell primer relate ver-
bal de los acontecimientos ocurri-
dos en- Tepalcingo, lugar donde
fqe muerto Emiliano Zapata.
Producto de esta entrevista son
las informsciones que contiene es-
ia, nota, las cuales son por demas
interesantes.
Breve historic de un plan
mos parece racional, antes de
entrar Ell detalles, hacer una bre-