davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23
Town of Norman
From Our Correspondent

correspondent
Mr.. McNelly is on the sick
list.
Mrs. R. Tietz returned from
Duluth, Wednesday.
VIM. Abraham is busy these
days putting up a new house.
Mr.. apd Mrs. L. Kovits spent
Sunday at the Steve Purull home.
Mr. McNelly is building a new
barn. 24x4O feet; he has it near
ly completed.
Mckinley Pringle from Hinck-
ley, visited his sister, Mrs. w. w.
Ogilvie, few days last week.
Ted Dobozenski from Duluth,
was down to visit his parents,
Mr.. and Mrs. John Dobozenski,
over Sunday.
Miss Belle Ogilvie, who has
been visiting her brother. jim,
for a few weeks, left for Blue
Earth. Wednesday.
Last Thursday afternoon about
ten of the neighbor ladies' gave
Mrs. VIM. Bartlett surprise. A
bountiful lunch was served and
all WHO were there enjoyed the
afternoon.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23
Pleasant Hill
From Our Correspondent


Carl Davis spent last Thursday
in Duluth.
Church services at Pleasant
Hill Sunday night.
Carl Babe is working for Mr..
Larson for few days.
John Machs are nicely settled
now in their new home.
Mrs. Davis and Marian spent
Saturday in Sandstone.
Mrs, Frank Rodenberger called
on Mrs. r. Davis, Tuesday.
Mr.. Taylor returned from the
harvest fields. Saturday.
Alice Bartels and Anna Brandt
returned to Superior to work.
this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bartles were cal
lers at Willow River. one day
this week.
Mr. and Mrs. Churchill are en-
ioying a visit from cousins of
theirs. this week.
Jimmie entertains all. Of us
now with his new silvertone. and
we all enjoy it. Thank you.
Mrs, Wiggs Of the Cabbage
Patch had our number of Is at
the picture show Saturday night.
Mrs. Bristol spent a couple of
days visiting with Mrs. Howey
before she left for her new home
last week.
Fred Rupp returned from the
Sandstone hospital Friday and is
getting along as we'll as could be
expected.
The Jorgenson family has
moved to Superior for the win
ter Mr.. Budd is looking after
their stock.
Mary Pickford at the movies
was good, Saturday night, here
is hoping Margaret Clark is as
good this week.
Mrs. Downing entertained the
Catholic Ladies' Aid Tuesday af-
ternoon; a large crowd, and a
nice lunch was served.
Anna and Louise Brandt en-
tertained company of young
people Tuesday night; all re-
port a good time.
We wonder what Art Norton
is doing around here on Pleasant
Hill road so much lately; per-
haps some of these school marms
could tell us.
Thursday evening Oct. 30, the
farmers will give their first pro-
gram of the winter at Bruno in
the school house. A good time is
expected as both entertainment
and refreshment committees are
getting busy and we all know
what that means. Come and see
if you do not have a good time.
AS our time next week will be
an hour later be sure to get
there promptly at 7:45 and get
a front seat as that does not
moan S.AE
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23
BRUNO
From Our Correspondeut-

fFem our Correspondent
Mrs. Travers was in Sandstone
Tuesday.
Ward Taylor returned from
Dakota, Saturday.
l.. O. Lund of Canada, is visit
ing relatives here.
N. A. Williams of SUPERIOR
spent Friday in town
Mrs. Mel Plaisted returned
from Duluth, Thursday.
Miss Frances Downing left for
Minneapolis, Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed Rodenberger
were in Sandstone, Tuesday.
Ted Dobozenski spent the
week end at the Plaisted home.
Mrs. Bribo's mother of Super
Tor, is spending the week with
her.
Mr.. Morrison was in Kerrick
last week plastering Mr.. Hogan's
house.
]. "A. Joy of Newton, Iowa. is
visiting his daughter, Mrs. Ward
Taylor.
Mrs. Abraham has a sister Wis
iting here from South Dakota.
this week.
G. w. Scott of Colorado, is
here visiting his brother-in-law.
H. G. White.
Mrs. St. Peter has a grand
daughter from Superior visiting
her this week.
Miss Whelan and sister, Mrs.
Howden, of Duluth, spent the
week end at home.
Mrs. A. L. Forness of Frazee,
is the guest of her sister, Mrs.
kellett, this week.
0. Plaisted returned Friday
from Breckenridge where he has
been the past summer.
Mr.. Churchill and Lyle and
Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Rodenberger
were in Sandstone, Friday.
Miss Yngve of the Bruno
school, spent the week end with
Miss Erickson of Duquette.
John Stafford and family and
Grandma Laying called on Mrs.
Shells of Sandstone, Sunday af-
ternoon.
Mrs. Shoemaker and grand
daughter, Lillian Purull, left for
Duluth where they will spend
few days.
Mrs. John White spent Sunday
and Monday in Sandstone with
her mother who is very sick
with high blood pressure.
Mr.. and Mrs. Arthur Tanner
and daughter. Vivian, of Browns
dale, are the guests of his sister,
Mrs. Will Hill,this week.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23
FILMDOM. OF BRUNO.

Saturday night, October 25th,
features another tremendous
photoplay attraction in the i'm
mense production of the
Goose Girl, starring Marguer-
ite Clark.
1t is an example of the new
school of motion picture art,
that which specializes in beauty
The story will appeal to anyone
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION
department ~ the Interior.

u. 8. Land Once at Duluth.
Sept. -. 1919.
NOTICE is hereby given that Eddie
koziowske. of Kerrtck. who, on sent
10th. 1913. made Homestead application
40. 0i,o60. for NWk OF SEX. Section
has filed notice OF intention 10 make
three-year Proof. to establish claim 10
the land above described. before the
Register and Receiver Of the United
states Land offce at Duluth. on the
:Ist day OF November. 1919.
Claimant names as witnesscs:---A. q.
Larson. Of Kerrick. Mimi: Roy Ciuet.
of Kerrick. MIMI; Nels Berg. Of Ker-
rick. MIMI. E. I. Scott. OF Kerrick.
MINI.
Joseph Wincxewski.
(Oct. 2-3O
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23

American Want Ads are only
1c a word. They bring results.
Askov American. [volume] (Askov, Pine County, Minn.) 1914-current, 1919-10-23

OF the &4OO,OO0.OOO In money and
supplies, contributed TO the American
Red Cross during the twenty months
the war council was In existence,
5000 600, 900 was allotted to national
headquarters. while &137. OOO, 600 went
to the chapters to finance their &C
tivities. Expenditures In :i,e twenty
months totalied $273OO0. 900, divided
az follows: BY national headquarters
In France, 81. 900 600; elsewhere over
seas. &64,OOO.OOO: In the United States.
$4S, O0O. 900: by chapters In the United
States, &43,OOOOOO: cost OF chapter
produced articles distributed In
France, $25OOO.OOO. elsewhere over
seas. $S.0OO,O0O; In the United States,
S2S, 100000, making total expenditures
In France, $50, OO0. 900, elsewhere over
seas. $72.O0O.OOO; In the United States,
S119. 900, 600.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
WHY FLOWERS, FRUITS AND VEGETABLES DIFFER IN COLO

greatly influence the color. The the
Dry of the effect Of the reaction on
certain colored bodies called indica-
tors IL too complicated to enter into
In so short a space. 1t must suffice,
therefore, to take as an example a
concrete case familiar to many read
ers. Litmus is a colored substance
found in lichens. II is purple in neu-
trail solution. but turns red In acid
and blue in alkaline solutions. 1t Is
usually sold in packets Of absorbent
leaves which have been impregnated
In a solution of litmus and then dried.
A brief quotation from the great
scientist Robert Boyle, whose re-
searches in flower color as early even
as 1864 were astonishingly astute
and original. will at once exemplify
the importance Of this phenomenon.
"There is a weed more known to
ploughmen than beloved by them,
whose flowers from their color are
commonly called blew-bottles and
corn-weed from their growing among
corn. These flowers some ladies do,
upon account of their lovely color,
think worth the being candied. which
when they are they will long retain
so fair a color as makes them a very
fine salad In the winter. But have
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
THE RELATION OF BIRDS TO
AGRICULTURE.
Native birds Have Earned and De-
serve Our Protection.
BY HARRY ID. HOFFMAN.

Vigorous measures have been
adopted to stop the depredations OF
that element among our population
who persist in the killing of song and
insectivorous birds. When the early
bird comes out to catch the worm the
game law violator goes out to shoot
the bird. Chief offenders seem to be
foreign born residents, who prey on
robins, blackbirds and waXwings.
Game inspectors are uniting with
the Conservation Commissions game
inspectors In an attempt to stamp out
this pernicious practice. At Marlboro,
Ulster county. an Italian was recently
arrested for shooting eighty-th three rob-
ms and two cedar waXwings. while
from various parts OF the State reports
OF the arrest, conviction and punish
ing of violators OF our game laws are
reported.
1t is no uncommon sight In the SUI
burbs of our cities or out In the rural
districts to see foreign born residents
In the woods and fields cunning for
birds.
When we consider that each year
the people of New York State pay a
toll of over $l0.000,000 to insects the
reason for protecting our native birds
is apparent. 1t is not only because
of the description Of insects that we
owe debt TO our native birds, the en-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04

immense variety of colors to be seen
in the flowers of the garden and the
fold. The utilitarian reason for the
color Of flowers must, II we neglect
purely aesthetic theories. be sought in
the fact that the brightly colored gen.
eratlve organs of plants attract the in
sects who mainly affect their pollina-
ton, and that the rich color of ripe
fruit attracts the birds who devour
1t. thus assisting in the dispersal of
their seeds.
For the sake of simplicity II will
DO well to divide flowers into four
groups. depending upon the cause Of
their coloration.
l. The yellow class. This includes
all the orange, yellow or cream flow
ers and any intermediate shades
They owe their color to yellow bodies
known as plastid pigments.
2. Tho red-blue class. This class
contains all flowers that are red, pur-
pie, blue and their intermediate
shades. The colors are due to a group
Of pigments whose chemical nature is
very similar to one another and which
are called anthocyanins.
1t Is well known that the minute
structure of all plants is made up Of
cells, some of which are shown in
figure l. These cells are like a mass
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
USE QUALITY SEED POTATOES.

Indifference as to the quality of seed
potatoes is probably costing the grower
more than any other one element in
potato growing. This is said to be
especially true in respect to fusarium
wilt. disease which is easily spread
by means OF the seed One way to
check the loss is to discard the tubers
which show the disease at the time OF
cutting.
Growers should examine the pota-
toes they have selected for seed, and
II many show the presence of wilt
steps should at once be taken to obtain
seed free from disease. In many coun-
ties last year inspection showed fields
which were markedly free from dis
ease. The potatoes from these fields
have been held for seed purposes. and
efforts should be made to procure
some for this seasons planting
It is important that the grower rec
ognize infected tubers The presence
of the fungus can be detected only by
cutting tho potato open. The pres
ence OF the wilt may show as a shall
low, light following at the stem end
In a light infection. or as a pronounced
blackenlnS in badly infected speci-
mems. The ring of blackened vessels
may not be confined to the stem end
only, but may extend around the en-
tire tuber.
All potatoes which show these in
ternal symptoms should he discarded.
Some diseased potatoes will escape no.
tice, because the discoloration is not
pronounced. hut specimens which are
doubtful should not he used
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
HOW TO MEND BROKEN PLANTS.
BY JULIA w. WOLF.

II the garden is small every healthy,
we'll started plant is OF considerable
importance, and IT, as Is often the
case. one breaks or a cutworm clips
1t Off 1t leaves a noticeable gap To-
matoes, beans. peppers, cabbage and
caulifiower are usually the worst suf-
ferers.
The plant thus apparently injured
beyond recovery may be one OF the
few started from a very early planting
or it may be of cherished variety;
always It is a loss.
1t is not generally known that at the
cost of a little effort such plants can
be mended so that they will grow as
vigorously as ever. OF course the
common method is to make good such
loss by replanting, but that entails
loss OF time. II the plant is properly
| mended there Is practically no inter-
ruption OF its normal development.
The mending in order to be effective
| must be done very soon after injury
appears; 1t Is a case, moreover, of
final as well as of first aid so the work
must be done carefully. If the severed
| part of the plant is wilted 1t is gener-
| ally too late to save II.
The closer the injury is to the
ground the easier 1t is to repair; in
fact, this kind of mending is virtually
| limited to wounds that are not over
three or four inches above the surface
OF the soil.
Plants injured by cutworms. which
always work their destruction at night,
can be effectively mended IL they are
treated in the very early morning, be-
fore the sun touches them. In all
cases 1t Is necessary that the injury be
treated as soon as IL is discovered.
The method Is simple. From the
stump of the plant pull back the soil to
the depth of an inch or more. and II
the cutworm has done the work find
and kill it; then, taking the severed
top, At the broken base to the stump.
Sometimes the break is smooth, some
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
One of the Most Important Substances in the World Is
Chlorophyl Which Causes Vegetation to Appear
Green-By It's Means Plants Form the Com
pick Substances They Contain

The natural colors Of the bodies
which surround us are due TO the fact
that they return to the observer only
certain colored rays out Of all those
which are combined in beam of white
light. 1t is well known that a beam
of white light may be split UP. as by
a prism, into all colors of the spectrum
or rainbow. A lily Is white because
Il can return to the eye all colors in
the same proportions as they existed
before; q red rose returns the red only.
a primrose none but the yellow. AS a
rule this property of all bodies, absorp-
ton, is due to a pgment which the
body contains. Take, for instance.
green leaf 1t is full of pigment called
chlorophyll, and 1t Is green because
this pigment absorbs the red and other
colored rays, only rejecting the green.
which striking the eye Of the observer
excites that color sensation. Similarly
if the leaf be held up between the eye
and the light the only rays which can
penetrate the layer Of chlorophyll are
the green rays. An object may there
fore be said to owe its color to the
fact that 1t allows light of that color
to reach the eye and stops the rest.
Sometimes a body does not contain a
pigment when the properties of abb
sorption which give 1t its color are
inherent in the substance itself.
Chlorophyll. the green pigment Of
the leaf, is almost universally distrib-
uted In the vegetable kingdom. 1t
can be extracted and obtained in the
form of pure crystals, and 1t might
well he said that it Is one of the most
important substances in the world. BY
means of chlorophyll plants are en-
abled to form their own bodies as we'll
as all the complex substances they
contain the materials for which come
solely from water and the carbon di-
oxide Of the air. This building up of
highly complex bodies from the very
simplest requires an abundant supply
OF energy which can only be derived
from sunlight. This process is called
photosynthesis and by its means not
only do we obtain many valuable ar
ticles of commerce, but animal bodies
have access to n supply of several
essential substances which they them
selves are quite unable to make.
Most important of all, however is
the fact that whether they eat flesh
or vegetables, animals and man ulti-
matcly obtain all their food from
plants. 1t is by the breaking down
of this food that they are able ia
obtain the supply Of energy necessary
FOR their movements and activities
and this the plant, by means OF
chlorophyll, has stored I'D for them
from the sun. incidentally, of course
the world is enabled to control i'm
mense supplies of energy in the form
of coal, oil and natural gas.
In the same way that the chloro.
phyll makes the leaves and grass
green so do other pigments cause the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04

the flower its peculiar waxy appear
arce.
CD The actual amount Of pigment
In cell, that is to say. it's concentra-
ton in the solution Of cell sap, is a
powerful modifying factor over and
above the thickness and position OF
the layer of cells itself. More will be
said in this connection when we come
to deal with the cause OF the color OF
the numerous cultivated varieties. In
the meantime, since the production Oh
pigment Is primarily dependent on the
activity of the life processes of the
plant 1t Is obvious why late, weak or
poorly nourished individuals are so
pale.
(e) In addition to the mixtures OF
pigment in the fourth class mentioned
above chlorophyll also sometimes in
vades the petals. The effect of the ad-
dition OF green chlorophyll to scarlet
anthocyanin Is to give the velvety
black that may be seen, as, for in
stance, in cypripedium. Here the chlo-
rophyll absorbs all the green rays, the
anthocyan!n all the complementary
red rays, so that no light whatever Is
reflected to the eye, which sees a black
object just as in the opposite case of a
white lily, which can reflect all the
colored rays in the same proportion as
they were received from a beam OF
white light.
(D All anthocyanins are not of ex-
actly the same composition and conse.
quenty they are apt to vary some what
in color. They closely resemble each
other and only differ in the number
and position OF some of the oxygen
atoms in the complicated formula of
these pigments, but even a small diff
ference of this nature may have pro-
found effect. Moreover, the same an
thocyanin may exist in various forms,
that is to say. as compounds with
many other substances. These varia-
tons affect the color shade. For in
stance. the pigment OF the blue Del
phinium consists of delphinin. the ma
genta Rosa Ddllicd contains another
anthocyanin called cyanin. The blue
>Cornfiower (Centdured CDdnus) con-
tains the same pigment cyanin. In the
latter case. however, It is in the form
Of a compound with the common ele-
ment potassium, 1. e., as a potassium
salt. Anthocyanins do not only COM
bine with the common elements and
with acids but also with other sub
stances too complex to describe in de-
tail.
Closely connected with the problem
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
THE ACTION OF LIME.

DR.. William Frear. director of the
Pennsylvania State College, says:
Lime does not distribute itself
through the soil. 1t neither moves up.
sidewise nor downward with freedom.
Consequently it must be put where it
Is expected to do its work. The lime
should not be so exposed that it will
become gravelly or pasty before it is
spread or distributed. The coarse lime
or coarse limestone particles may lie
for years without accomplishing any
considerable good in the soil. The cost
Of material in such condition is no:
merely the original sum paid for Il,
but that sum plus compound interest
from the time of purchase up to the
time when it begins to exercise consid-
cradle effect, II it ever does. Lime
when in proper condition and in im1ue-
date contact with the soil produces its
direct effects almost instantaneously.
but it will not uniformly improve tho
soil in this manner unless It be dis
tributed uniformly over and mixed
thoroughly with the soil.
while the amount Of lime must n
have its highest efficiency, be related
to the degree of acidity of the soil, It
need not necessarily be so great as 20
neutral'2e the soil all the way to the
depth OF six or seven inches. As it g
ordinarily applied and narrowed In It
does not get down to more than three
or four inches. The principal region o.,
root growth however, lies that noa-
the surface in all but light and
droughty soils
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-05-04
Famous British Professor Explains the Natural Causes
for the Variation in Color of Plants and Flowers
The Chemical Substance That Makes One
Flower Purple Makes Another Blue

rieties. These substances must serve
to accelerate or inhibit the pigment
producing mechanism, and conse-
quently the concentration OF the pig
ments within the cell, so that a GRIM
son pigment may be modified to the
palest pink or vice versa.
The theory that the composition Of
the soil as an effect on the color OF the
flowers which grow In II has often
been affirmed and the belief Is still
prevalent. With the exception, how
ever, of the well known case OF the
hydrangea,. there Is probably no truth
whatever in the statement
Numerous experiments with other
flowers have invariably failed. and one
can scarcely fail to agree with Nehe-
miah Grew, one of the earliest bota-
nists, who, writing in the seventeenth
century, remarks, 1.-THE effecting Of
this (the variation of the colors Of
flowers in their growth) by putting
the color desired in the flower into the
body or root of the plant Is vainly
talked Of by some, being such piece
of cunning as for the obtaining a
painted face to eat good store Of white
or red lead"
The case Of the hydrangea is differ
ent, and it Is found that the presence
of iron or aluminium salts will change
the anthocyanin present from bright
pink to a blue. Often the change is
incomplete and the result is some
shade of lilac. The substances in ques-
ton are sometimes found naturally in
the soil or they are added in form
Of solution with which the plant may
be watered. For this purpose a l per
cent. solution of potassium alum pro-
duces the best result. Stronger solu-
lions are apt to cause injury to the
plant. The cause of this color change
Is uncertain. but it seems very prob
able that the metal. iron or aluminium,
combines with the pink pigment to
form a salt of anthocyanin the color OF
which is blue, in the same way that
the magenta cyanidin Of rosa gallica
Is converted into the blue potassium
salt of the cornfiower pigment. The
fact that immersion of the petal in the
same solution appears to cause sim