davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
BITTER. EGGS AND CHEESE

=, New Nogka Dec. 15.-RUTTER steady.
Receipts, 1879 tubs. Creamery, higher than
extras, 1879 n7iC; creamery extras (g2
score. 13c; .nrsts 61ia q I2c. packing stock,
current make. No. . 4Sla a tOc.
EGGS tlrmer Receipts. 1901 cases. Fresh
gathered extras. 81 n S5c extra firsts So a.
SIC; Nrsts, S0TSlc; state, PENNSYLVANIA and
nearby western hennerN whites, first TO
extra, 81 N SOC; state, PENNSYLVANIA and hem
merry browns, SO SSc, do gathered browns
and mixed colors. 81 a S5C.
CHEESE irregular. Receipts, Gl0 boxes
state. whole, milk; hats, current make, spe-
Cials 32 n 32Ia e; do average run. ~ 6D31 Il C :
state. whole milk, twins, current make
snocials. 81 n 1924 G.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
Charters Filed

Dover, Del. Dec. 15.-Chartcrs filed
here today were: Kansas and Gulf Co,
$4,000, 900, to acquire oil and gas
lands aud to develop same. J.. L.
Cowan. \. +. Manheims. p. Yak, ali
of Chicago. H.. incorporators. Ger
tifcato of increase in capital stock ::
Goldwyn Pictures Corporation. New
York. from S20, 10000 TO 500.
600 600
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
LONDON METAL MARKET

New York. Dec. 15.--Cable advices re.
cetved at the New York metal exchange this
morning quoted prices in London az follows
Tin-Spot. f3l5; futures, 1910 los: straits,
f3li los, gll IN 60. SinEanore. r3l2. an ad.
vance Of GO los sales-Spot 10 tons; fu.
lures $40 tons; Singapore. 100 tons Stan
dard copper-Spot. E102 lis cd. AN advance
n 12s Cd futures, flO4 It's. up lis Cd.
Sales-spot. 100 tons: futures. 700 tons.
GlrCtrolytic Copper--Spot, fiIl; futures
E117. an upturu of f1 on both Lead
Srot f3a 12s Cd; futures. f3O 15s both off
les Cd Spelter-Spot, f52 las. loss Of IS;
futures. EJ3 7s I'D. n decline of f2s Sd
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
Less Winter Wheat Sown

WashingtOn.t Dec. 15.--The winter
wheat area sown this fall is S,770,
900 acres, the Department of Agricul
turc announced today. That is 80,
4s9, 900 acres less than the revised es
timatcd area soNn in the fall of 1918
The condition of the crop December /
was S1.2 per cent of normal, com
pared with 0S.J on December l. last
year. 1913 in 1917 and $50 the ten
year December | average.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
Refined Suuars UNCHANGED

New York, Dec. 15.-The local re-
fined sugar market is without material
change Prices also are unchanged at
Dc, less > per cent for cash for fine
granulntcd. 1t is understood that the
bulk of beet sugar allotted TO out of
town points has arrived at destina-
tions The United States sugar
equalization board made no purchases
of rawS on Saturday.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15

White pota toes woe higher under iisht re-,
cabbage steady White pota atoes, Penna.,
per cwt SO. 1Om3. 90; do New York. per
cwt., S3.4O@3.5O; do, Maryland HOLSTERS
per cwt., S275Q3. Sweet potatoes South
ern No I, ), per Dbl. $4,5Oal.75i do, No. y,
l. 90 Jersey. per basket. Si.1b914Q. Cab
bagc New York Danish, per ton, S65 q 75.
onions per 10O-lb sacks Yellow, No /
S5 55OQ5.15 do, No, and 'picders." 81. rs
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
PROVISIONS

There was light jobbiug movement and
no important change in prices. The quota
tions ranged as ,follows2 Beef IN sets.
and tenders ,moked aud air-dried 6Gc:
pork, family, 5ic. hams, 8 p, cured. loose
smoked. .2G02sc: hams boiled boneless
1In. EtnalLfnat Imam QGc. Dol rd- 1Ir -.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15

Paris, Dee. 1j.--Pricps were firm on
the boursc today. Three per cent rcntes
were quoted at 81 francs; exchange on
London 10 francs - cpntimcs; five per
cent loan IS francs 10 centimcs. The
dollar was quoted at II franc 131a
ccntimcs.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
PHILADELPHIA MARKETS

cases. nearby hrsts s24 per crate: nearb,
current receipts s23. 40; western eNtra 1rsta
S2l; drsts, 500 50q23 40; nearby and west
eg egn seconds S1V loWSa ssp ss1p0 Sold storag,
lots lower, fancy selected eggs iobblng al
0OdfA2c par dozen.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
LONDON STOCK MARKET
OIL Group Moves Upward Under Wig
orous Demand-Home Rails Strong

London, Dec. 15.--There was Wig
orous demand for oil issues ON the
stock exchange today and the group
moved upward. Shell Transport and
Trading was 1O7 ZIG and Mexican
Eagle Ia 7-16. Home rails were strong
on an impending advance in freight
rates. The shares of Argentine rails
were steady. French loans paused after
having jumped.
The tone of specialties was good.
kaftirs and Riotintos were strong.
Gilt edges displayed frmness and the
market generally was brisk and firmer.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15

The position of the rails is attract
ing much attention Pennsylvania is
at the lowest price in over forty years
New York Central is down to a level
where historical research is necessary
to find comparison; Northwest was
never before so low.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
REFINED SUGARS
POULTRY

Supplies were small and the market was
unchanged on a basis Of DC for fine Eranu.
lated.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
VEGETABLES

Florida. per box. s2@6 Tpnserlpos Flor
Florida pcr box S2Ml.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
Financial Briefs

The average price of twenty active
industrial stocks advanced /. .SS per cent
74.21.
:, The seriousness Of the plight of pub
lie utilities operating under price re
strictions is seen in the passing OF
Brooklyn Union Gas dividend. Eighty
cent gas is responsible. The law was
made at time when labor and mate
RAJ were much lower in price. Con-
solidated Gas is in the same boat.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15
Combined Reserve Bank Report

Washington, Dec. 15.-The weekly
report of the combined condition Of Tho.
twelve Federal Reserve Banks, at the
close of business on Friday, December
y, announced by the Federal Reserve
Roard, is as follows 1000 omitted)
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15

The United States Treasury is pre
pared to pay today a total of S143. =
935,3I! as interest due on coupons on
first Liberty Bonds and Victory Notes.
In order to facilitate the reinvestment
OF coupon money in war savings stamps
arrangements have been made for their
acceptance at postofices and banks e
direct payment in lieu of currepM for
these miniature discount bonds.
The reorganization anG financing NJ
the Locomobile Co. Of America MS tbe
Locomobile Co. is being handled bv
Colgate, Parker & Co. and Hemphili
Noyes 4 Co.. who have associated with
them William Salomon & Co.
II. +. Bachman & Co.. now located
at 1912 Chestnut street, will move IN
their new building, 1926 Walnut street
on January !.
Application has been made IN The
New York Stock Exchange 70 LIST
Brown Shoe $300,0 900 additional com.
mon stock and Bethlehem Motors Cor
poration 1884 shares additional capi-
tai stock, without nominal or par
value.
The New York Subtreasury lost SOL,
600 to the banks on Saturday. making
a cash net loss since Friday of S71,
600. - "'''
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-12-15

RESOURCES
Gold coin and certh-
Gates in vault 49,. s24314S So3I GOO
Gold settlement fund 4oI 066 42S,s19
Gold with for. agencies 14OglO l3o, ,O35
Total gold held by b'ks s7SS I24 S7os 3s0
God tioId With Fed, n. sEts 1isS,a4s 1'i72,iaI
with U. S. Treasury 1851 1is.7o4
Total gold reserves So, OaG, ass 50, os7, ,2Gf
Legal tender, silver
ctfs.. subsidiary coin. gill; &c. sal
Total reserves ...s2 100. 4O5 s2.154 O8S
Bills discounted secured
.Py govt war oblig. 81 5Ss,4l7 81. .G03.813
Bills bought in open
market ..............e 541.5j1 51f2I0
Total bills on hand. 81, CSC. .oe7 50, e22 827
:, :, s. 9iStorJ 99Giyt; bonds nSt., '2o'et7 '2osttss
u. s.. certificates Of
Indebtedness ......... o73. .219 2S3. $50
Total other earning
assets .....,..,.. So osl. os7 s2.o33.o .os2
Uncollected items de -'''" -''''
Quoted from gross de
so Re redemption fund. 's', az 'ZO'@''
against F. II. bank
Al other rcsourccs.. S,2Sd S,SS2S
Total resources ..... sG,15o,241 s6,o41, 800
LIABILITIES
Capital paid in .,.. sS7oO2 $50 ora
Government Govern deposits. ss1,9ss So 9ss sa9ss s9ss
Due tn members re-
serve account ........ 1SI7 4O6 sac o37
Deferred availability
Items Items ....;....,.,;.;. 10000 7l7 So
ing for GOVT credits. 1o3,4ss o4I33
Total gross deposits 81, ,769 95t 50. Gsl 500
Fed. Res. notes in ac-
tual circulation ...., 2,D07, ,455 o,SSI 35o
Fed. Res. bank notes in
circulation net liza
Dllty .'....,,....... 15S, 444 oJ7 $50
All other liabilities in
cuding foreign govt.
credits .....,........ 5532n 40 GIT
Total liabilities 80. S6,159,241 $6.O41 800
Ratio of total reserves
to net deposit and f..
r. note liabilities
combined ........... 46Oe5 AZ 1es
Ratio of gold reserves
to F. Il. notes in cir
cuation, after setting
aside 30 per cent
against net deposit
liabilities ............ 42SGc "a To-
The sun., 1919-10-19

degrees and 500 fathoms down still
registers 81 degrees, flows through the
"Narrows' at the rate of 90,00O,O00,-
900 tons OF water hourly. Lieut..
Maury further says. Taking only
the difference in surface temperature
as an index of the heat accumulated
there. simple calculation will show
that the quantity of heat daily car
ried off by the Gulf Stream from those
regions and discharged over the At
lantic Is sufficient to raise mountains
of iron from zero to the melting point,
and to keep In flow from them a
molten stream of metal greater In vol
ume than the waters daily discharged
from the Mississippi River"
Think, then. of the tons Of coal that
must be burned by us in the winter
time to make up for the losses i'm
posed upon us by the intrusion OF
the Labrador Current! According to
Mr.. Riker's figures, the volume of the
Labrador Current averages about
$4,000, 00O, 900 cubic yards of water per
hour. This is more than half that Of
the Gulf Stream where it passes out
on its northern journey between Be
| mini and Cape Florida. Mr.. Riker
says, at would require the burning of
more than 100000 tons Of coal per
minute to heat this mass of ice water
from 35 to 55 degrees" Conversely,
the arctic current robs the Gulf
Stream to that measure of It's warmth
and capacity to temper the atmss-
phere with which 1t is in contact.
II Now, to Count the Cost.
The Riker project of constructing
barrier or peninsula of submerged
sand reaching from Cape Race seward
| for a distance of 200 miles, and hav-
| ing a width of forty miles at It's
coastal end and three miles broad at
its outer extremity. would seem a
well nigh prohibitive undertaking.
But this seemingly herculean task
SINNERS down to a relatively simple
matter II natures forces be called
into play to repeat at mans dictation
the arresting of the sandy burden
carried southwark by the Labrador
| Current. As Mr.. Riker explains 1t
IF this material can be DISTRACTED in
it's southerly movement at and about
the site OF the proposed jetty, 1t be-
comes evident that it would form a
sandbar that would continue to built
in width and height until 1t reached
the surface Of the ocean. 1t only re-
mains for man to place an obstruction
that shall maintain a position a few
inches above the constantly rising
surface of the material that is de-
posted to effect the deposit of all the
heavy matter that is in movement
no interference in any way with the
current of the water above being re-
CURED"
AS to the character OF this promot
ing agency Mr.. Riker adds: ut 1:
here proposed and submitted that THU
obstruction shall be stfectsd hx q
The sun., 1919-10-19

hackset OF offshoot of the Labrador
Current and have thus contributed to
the appearing of the vast subaqueous
plateau contiguous to Newfoundland.
At the same time sands of polar origin
have swept south and stranded upon
the Diamond Shoals which help to
make Cape Hatteras more hazardous
and to force shipping further seaward.
Mr.. Riker claims that the forming of
his jetty will reverse these actions.
That is to say, the Jersey coastline will
be restored to its ancient contour and
the sands now Off Hattcras will be
largely swept away.
The easterly winds which to-day set
the surf digging into our beaches will
be supplanted by westerly winds,
which in their turn will tend to create
counter currents under water, and the
latter will bring back to us the sub
stance which used to form our beaches
and our headlands. BY baking the
Labrador Current at the Grand Bank
and preventing its assault upon the
Gulf Stream Mr.. Riker Is confident
that the warm tide, then flowing un-
hampered into the Arctic zone, would
serve to melt the ponderous ice which
now covers vast areas there. The re
The sun., 1919-10-19
Of the GRAND BANK

at and near the surface. In those
days the Gulf Stream in all likelihood
held closer to the continental shores
from Cape Hatteras ,northward, sta
bilizing climate conditions and maxi
ing the coastal seasons more nearly
like those which at present prevail in
Bermuda. And then the appearing OF
the Grand Bank began until finally
the Labrador Current insinuated itself
between the continent and the Gulf
Stream-bringing its Arctic chill next
door to us and showing further sea-
ward the northbound ocean river en-
anating from the Gulf OF Mexico. And
that the Labrador Current has been
steadily widening its foothold at an
alarming extent is seemingly evil
denced by data supplied by the Gov
ernment's photographic Investigations
within recent decades.
Contiguous to Cape Race the Lab
rador Current has secured out a chan
mel about twenty miles wide and APP
proximately 500 feet deep, through
which 1t sends southwark continu-
ously vast volume of very cold water.
1t is said that this passage furnishes
an easier outlet for the southern dis
charge from the Arctic basin than
does the opening into the Pacific by
way of Behring Strait. That is to say.
more of the frigid flood now enters
the Atlantic than was formerly the
case. Charts are eXtant which show
that the Cape Race Channel Of the
Labrador Current has deepened more
than one-third since 1877. AS lately
as 1853 charts published by the United
States Coast and Geodetio Survey in
dicated a movement OF water from
the Arctic Ocean into the Pacific
Ocean at a rate OF one-half mile an
hour. Those printed in 1877 show a
contrary movement from the Pacific
into the Arctic Ocean at the increased
rate Of two miles an hour. Logically
there must be a corresponding outlet
and official publications dated no fur
Their back than 1908 warrant the con-
clusion that the balancing discharge II
southwark into Baffin Bay. with the
Labrador Current carrying the icy vol
ume onward contiguous to our shores
and thence by the Gulf Streams very
outlet right into the Gulf OF Mexico!
The Gulf Streams Power Gagged
And what is the nature of that sim
gle monster river in the ocean, as thu
late Lieut.. Matthew Fontaine MaurS
called it, which the Labrador Current
through the agency of the Grant
Banks, has been able to set astray and
whose primordial force and function
have been Offset by 1t disastrously
! Lieut.. Maury has said that the Gull
Stream issues northward between
Florida and the Bahama banks as Il
Jet OF warm water more than thre'
thousand times greater in volume thar
the Mississippi River" To be NOR
, specific. this tropical Mood. which hai
surface temperature In the winter
time on Cape Hatsras Of quite 81
The sun., 1919-10-19

Banks can be stopped by its own de-
posits within two years from the plac-
ing in position Of the INSTRUCTOR. This
jetty when completed would be just
south of the Virgin Rocks and the
East Rocks, and would seem to be but
the resurrection of the Virgin PENN
sula, apparently the original coastal
formation thereabout at no very an
cient period.
1.-THE United States Government
charts show an erosion or increased
depth over great areas upon this site
to have been one-third in less than
twenty years, equivalent to the re-
moval Of dam the height of mans
head reaching from New York to
Chicago, through which clear space
ice cold water is pouring along our
coast where none passed twenty years
previously. and which Is increasing
year by year. If this is not checked
the climatic conditions along our At
lantic seaboard will grow continually
worse. The increasing GOODNESS of the
waters in and about New York har-
Dor, and the more frequent and denser
fogs thereabout, of which there is no
question, are corroborative proof that
this Arctic flood is actually upon us
and at the rate of increase shown by
The sun., 1919-10-19

Bank-an obstacle in the main of its
own forming. In kindred fashion,
but to lesser extent, the Gulf Stream
has carried sand northward and has
helped to upbuild from the south the
great barrier which to-day brings the
frigid waters of the arctic current and
the warm flood from the tropics into
disastrous conflict in ne neighborhood
OF Observation-Disclosures the Gulf
Stream of the major part of its benefi-
cent heat and modifying radically its
further paths of travel.
We are authoritatively informed
that the Gulf Stream, from the time
1t breaks clear Of the battle-ground
over the Grand Bank, is but a rela-
lively puny remnant of the erstwhile
river of the sea which used to carry
its Transforming warmth far into the
realm where Jack Frost now domi-
mates. Proof of this, some experts de-
clare, is given by the remains of trop-
ical fora and fauna which have been
uncovered in the glacial regions of the
Arctic.
Gulf Stream Once Ran Freely.
In the ages gone, we are told, the
Labra Tor Current probably dived into
the depths of the Atlantic, leaving the
Gulf Stream to hold unimpeded sway
The sun., 1919-10-19
Project to Block Arctic
Current AWakenS Hone
in Frozen Newfoundland
New England Too Would Get Milder Climate by Dam.
ming of Belle Isle Strait-Rker's Plan for Gigantic
Jetty at Cape Race Is Recalled Frgid Waters
Gaining Influence Over Gulf Stream.

such length and height has yet been
erected. Further to the eastward,
where the distance across is about
eighteen miles, the soundings show
depths of II. 20, AZ and Is fathoms
across the Strait from Wreck Bay to
Cape Norman. Here the shallower
water and more moderate currents,
even with a wider interval to be
closed. would make it easier to plant
the obstruction. In either case the
enterprise would call for the expendi-
ture Of vast sum.
Millions In Land Values.
1t is argued as an offset that the
climatic notifications, which would
be effected by shutting out the Labra-
dor Current, would induce enormous
agricultural increases and raise the
value OF the lands by billions of dol
lars Further, we are told that the
exclusion of the Labrador Current
from the Gulf of st. Lawrence would
permit the warm waters of the Gulf
Stream to swing in nearer to the coast.
thus tempering the cold months and
making the st. Lawrence River as
well as the Gulf navigable the year
round. Logically. IL these claims are
warranted, a portion OF neighboring
The sun., 1919-10-19

should be supported by buoys 30 that
they shall not become embedded in
the sand, and serve to prevent the
natural upward movement of the OBJ
structor upon the top of the sand or
other deposit as It forms-thereby in
surfing the unfettered vertical move
ment of the INSTRUCTOR as 1t is buoyed
up higher and higher by a rising
surface of the deposit The wave
action upon the buoys will, to an ex-
tent, be transmitted to the anchor
ropes and, by them, in n lesser degree
to the INSTRUCTOR" This intermittent
Juggling serving to break the grip Of
the gathering sand, and thus continu-
ally holding the cable upon the crest
of the accommodating mound.
In celebrating his scheme, Mr..
Riker explains: IAN INSTRUCTOR may
be of any form, and often should be
made to meet special conditions. Usu-
ally the more flexible vertically the
better. It seems from careful investi-
cation by the best authorities that
for about seven eighths of the dis
lance to be traversed by the jetty the
bottom would be almost perfectly
smooth and level. For one-eighth OF
the distance just east Of Cape Race
the bed is not SO level. but apparently
The sun., 1919-10-19

a perfect bottom for the operation OF
the INSTRUCTOR. In considering the
certainty OF this method of construc-
ton it must be remembered that more
than three-quarters of this upbuild-
ing will occur below the influence Of
wave action, and seven-eighths below
the serious influence OF wave action.
1.-The amount OF material that is
now being moved by the Labrador
Current can be increased by the least
disturbance of the bottom sands
to the north of the site Of the
proposed jetty. A slight disturb
ance at the bottom at one point
may inaugurate a cut or movement by
the current amounting to millions Of
yards. OF the bottom. Because of the
almost perfect static balance or readi-
ness to move on &hch now exists
there, I firmly believe that the pro-
posed investigation will demonstrate
the probability that at least three
quarters of the present flow OF the
Labrador Current over the Grand
The sun., 1919-10-19
WHAT DA M MING the
BELLEiSLE STRAIT and
BUILDING the RikER
JETTY WOULD DO to
the GULF STREAM ana
THE LABRADOR CURRENT.

sulting water would, in consequence,
move Equatorward, and the northern
hemisphere would incline more direct
ly toward the sun, thereby promoting
| n temperate climate where Jack Frost.
to-day holds sway, and incidentally
bringing the reach of twenty-four
hours of daylight further southwark
during the summer months.
Imagine Greenland a region OF smil-
ing fields and agricultural abundance,
And yet such is not Unreliable if Mr..
Riker's jetty can arrest the present
strife between the arctic and tropic
foods off the coast of Newfoundland.
Surely twenty millions of dollars Is a
small price to pay for the blessings
that may be born of this engineering
proposal. At least the people of New
foundland are keenly alive to the need
OF corrective action of some sort The
American project seems to offer vaster
and more far reaching benefits.
The sun., 1919-10-19

the Government reports fifty years
will convert our coast into semi
Labrador" Mr.. Riker sums up in
verse the potential consequences of re-
course to his INSTRUCTOR:
Unimpeded drops of water. and impeded
grains of sand,
VIII change the oceans bottom and the
surface OF the land.
And
The like OF woman's hairpin and the
shoestring of the man,
With the aid of friendly nature, will
construct this mighty dam.
Thefts of Great Tracts of Coast.
The upbuilding of the Grand Bank
in the course of time has actually
robbed US OF great tracts of our coastal
region. Evidence OF this exists to-day
in deeds of Jersey farms that have
long since disappeared before the
gnawing attacks Of the Atlantic's
hungry waves. and this process of
erosion continues. These stolen sands
haYa been carried nesthwaRd hZ a
The sun., 1919-10-19

INSTRUCTOR to be stretched across the
Grand Bank. over the proposed site,
in the form of great rope cable, or
It's equivalent.>th that has been saturated
with asphaltum and Weighted with
wire or otherwise, giving the requisite
specific gravity or weight to cause it
to sink in the ocean and rest lightly
upon the bottom, and having lesser
specific gravity than the sand or other
deposit. It will thereby be prevented
from sinking into or being buried by
the deposit by virtue of its greater
buoyancy-it being heavier than the
water, but very much lighter than
sand In sea water.
This INSTRUCTOR should be so an
chored as to be supported against the
pressure of the southerly flow OF the
current against its side throughout its
entire length. and still have unre-
strained vertical mo rement, to insure
which II should be anchored by a
series OF kedge anchors. at short in
taFyalA and the connecting ropes