davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
GAME GENE DEBS
STARTS FOR PRISON

Cleveland, April IA Eugene V,
Debs, many times candidate for
president on the socialist ticket,
gave himself up to the federal
authorities here this morning and
a few hours later started for the
federal prison at Moundsville, W.
Va, in charge Of United States
Marshal Charles w. Lapp, to be
gin serving his l0year sentence
for violation Of the espionage act.
The party will reach Moundsville
late tonight if necessary transpor-
tation connections can be made.
Debs was found guilty by fed
eral court jury here, September II
last, on charges of violating the
espionage act by making utter
ances against the government in
II speech at Canton, Ohio.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
BODY
FOUND in THE
HILLS
Private Poiriera Of 18th In
fantry, known as Joe
Morgan, Had Been Miss
ing Since September.

With a .32-caliber revolver gripped
tightly in it's skeleton fingers, the
body of Russell Poiriera, alias Joe
Morgan, was found in the hills about
six miles south of Butte by wood
choppers yesterday. Poiriera, who
was known in the army as Joe Nor
gan, was a private in Company +,
Fourteenth infantry. One day last
September he disappeared mysteri-
ously from the barracks at the School
of Mines, and his companions were
mystitied until the body was found
yesterday.
A letter from the soldiers mother,
found in one of his pockets, alludes
20 trouble the young man had evil
IDENTIFY experienced, and gives the
to end his life. The letter, mailed
at Los Angeles, Cal, on Sept. l3,
1918, is signed Mother" and while
the address on the envelope was en-
tirely obliterated, the author had,
through peculiar incident, given a
clew to the young soldiers real and
assumed names, as we'll as the un-
fortunate circumstances which eEi-
IDENTIFY preyed upon his mind.
The papers will be made out in
| the name of Joe Morgan, the
mother wrote, but Colonel Ray says
you may have your name changed &c
Russell Poiriera."
The assumption drawn from this
statement that the dead soldier ha(
used the name of Morgan in the
army while his real name was Poi
| riera was further confirmed by ;
Butte man who had known him
him. This man stated that he be
lieved Joe Morgan was an assumed
name, although he did not know why
The mother also expressed tn
| wish that You will soon be free,
and alluded to a woman and Il baby
probably the wife and child of Poi
riera. She said the woman declared
that he would have to. support tn
child. but that she (the writer) dc
spised above all things the under
> handed methods that had been uset
The mother also spoke at length Q
her own troubles, saying she ha
. procured a divorce, that her Wor
had proved too strenuous for he
; and that she had been compelled I
take a vacation. She also spoke {
little home in San Francisco an
of her desire to go there as soon 4
possible.
: A mothers affection was strew
/ through the otherwise gloomy epi
n tie. The writer expressed pride
t the fact that she was the daughte
e of a soldier and the mother of tw
Continued on Page Two.)
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

In rapid succession reports are re-
ceived that the soviet government
has been overthrown, that the soviet
government has been restored, that
both the bolsheviki and the socialists
are conducting their respective gov
ernments side by side. The latest dis
patches said the street fighting was
raging in Munich without reference
to who was fighting or who was Win
ming. The government troops re-
captured Augsburg, Wurzburg and
other towns from the Spartacans
without resistance. The national So
Wet congress in Berlin is debating
the tablshment Of a working group
to replace the reichstag. The major
ity socialists are advocating the Gre
alton Of soviet body with powers
equal to that of the reichstag. Cham
cellor Scheidemann denounces both
plans.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
PER HAPS HE CAN
PROSECUTE

There have been no new de-
velopments in the case of the
stolen liquor alleged to have been
the property of Lucille Howard.
Only one man is under arrest
at present, one Kelly. There are
rumors that two and even more
are mixed up in this DEAL and
when the facts are disclosed they
will be published i'll the Bulletin.
At this time it appears that the
parties said to be involved are
not among those who can de-
mand protection from the sixth
floor of the Hennessy building,
and the county attorney may be
allowed to prosecute.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

ton established a sort of squatter's
right, for she is still using the car
night and day.
County Auditor Sullivan contends
that the car must first come into the
possession of the health department
before she will honor the vouchers
for it. In the meantime, every tax
payer who wishes to inspect the new
Buick, for which he is helping to
pay, can find it parked i'll front of
most any old roadhouse after II
O'Clock at night.
What would be the matter with
having the county attorney proceed
against some of these squanderers of
the peoples money? Or better still
why not have a grand jury called be-
fore they sell the court house?
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

Especial United Press Wire.)
Berne, April IA. : War Minister
Noske threatened to send a military
expedition against Munich. dis
patches state. The situation in Mu-
Mich is still confusing. Rumors of
the overthrow of the soviet govern
ment have not been confirmed, nor
have the later reports of the second
coup restoring the soviet power. A
soviet republic is said to have been
proclaimed in Brunswick. The
change in government was accom-
plshed without bloodshed, strikes
continuing throughout for two days.
The temperance of sailors in the
northern cities Of Germany is re
garded as an ominous sign The
Spartacans are feverishly attempting
to join hands with the communists in
Munich.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

The commissioners, shortly before
the municipal campaign, purchased
new Buick at an expense of $ $1,726,
with an additional expense of $lOl
for insurance.
Mrs. Sullivan, as auditor, has re-
fused to honor these bills, claiming
that the car is not being used by the
health department, for which it was
ostensibly purchased.
During the city campaign the car
was used by Joseph Fabian in col
lecting funds for the Cults for mayor
club.
Mrs. Cooney, wife of one of the
commissioners, used the car night
and day at the county expense in
campaigning for Cults
Apparently the lady in question
believes that her constant use OF the
county property during the city cleo
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
BAD NEWS FOR THE
REAL ESTATE AGENTS

The Typographical union, at it's
regular meeting yesterday, by an al
most unanimous vote, endorsed the
past and present policy of the Bulle-
tin, and the business management.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
ATLANTIC FLEET is
IN HOME WATERS
Special United Press Wire

Especial United Press Wire.)
New York, April 14.-Twenty-foul
hours ahead of time the Atlantic fleet
of 1O3 vessels began steaming into
New York harbor. The destroyers ar
ri, ID first in long gray ranks. Some
of them bring scars from the shell
fire of German submarines. The bat
tieships included those which CO.
operated with the British grand fleet
in the North sea.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
SOCIALIST LECTURE

L. E. Katterfeld, member OF the
national executive committee OF the
socialist party, will speak tonight at
Z: o'clock at 1857 Harrison avenue
on shevism-Promise or Menace?
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
WAR MINISTER MEETS
THEFATEHE C0URTED
Herr Nuering Refused to Grant Hearing
to Wounded Soldiers--Is Thrown Into
River and Shot by Angry Demonstra-
tors Government Troops Refuse to
Fire, and They Surrender Arms.

Copenhagen, April 14-Herr Neuring, war minister in the
Saxony killed at Dresden yesterday by dis
arunted soldiers minister had refused hearing
war ministry demonstrators, who dragged
Neurig and threw him into the Elbe where he was
shot killed as he tried to swim to the bank.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
SHAKEUP IN EBERT
CABINET rs LIKELY
SDecial United Press Wire.


Weimar, April 14.-The resigna-
ton of Finance Minister Schiller is
regarded as indicating financial
crisis Several newspapers expressed
the belief that this forecasts COM
plete shakeup of the ministry.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
Fierce STREET ssITTLES
CONTINUE IN McNICH
Spartacans Proclaim Republic in Bruins
wick; the Change Was Accomplished
Without Bloodshed. Reappearance|
of Sailors in Northern Cities Disturbs
Dream of Capitalists and Imperialists
Especial United Press Wire.)


Berlin April 14.-The Kaleidoscope events in Munich
the situation unnteigbe to not actually in
city, doubtful if the people in Munich them
selves understand what is going about them.
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14
SQUANDERING THE TAXPAYERS
MONEY FOR PLEASURE TRIPS
County Auditor, Mrs. Nellie Sullivan,
Refused to Honor Bills for Buick Car
Which Has Been Used by Wife of
County Commissioner Cooney for
Campaigning and for Other Purposes

The county commissioners in their frenzed endeavors
to spend all Of the peoples money, have run against a
slag in the person Of Mrs Nellie Sullivan, county audi
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

Continued on Page Two.)
The Butte daily bulletin. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1918-1921, 1919-04-14

Continued on Page Two)
, 1919-01-02
HIGHER THAN MERE BRAVERY
Soldiers Decoration Conferred as Re-
ward for Assuaging the Thirst
Of Emperor Napoleon.

There is a good story of n of Bo-
naparte's veterans. who, after the dis
tribution of medals of the Legion of
Honor, which he expected but did not
receive. could contain himself no
longer and wen to the emperor to de-
mand satisfaction.
do you not remember. SIRE" he
asked, that when we were in Egypt
and you were thirsty l. alone, had a
melon, which | shared with your
The emperor smiled. saying. 81 thank
you again, my good man. but giving a
melon to a thirsty man does not neces-
sarily carry the cross with It,"
The soldier broke into furious
speech: "And was ] not at Arcola. at
Marengo. al AusterIltz? Did | not go
to Santo Domingo aud cover myself
with glory in every battle? Yet you
cannot remember a meloni Pshawi"
The emperor smiled again. "why
did you not tell me all hat before?'
he asked. "Of course you shall have
your cross"
But Is II for the battles or for the
m%elon?" the soldier demanded. ANY
fool can go into battle. but not every
man can give a melon to his general
when his general Is thirsty"
quite true" remarked the emperor.
laughing. and. taking the cross from
his own breast, he pinned 1t to that of
his old g%renadier. LET II be for the
melon he said.
, 1919-01-02

@I7.75; butchers, $17.5O017.s0; light,
;bs;TS@la;eoi FgaekinE sIe:e5@1L55;
choice. s13.50@15.00. -
Cattle-Beef cattle. good choice and
prime. SIS. rs @19.75; common and prime.
$3.50 1875; butcher stock, cows and
heifers. S7.75@14.50; n and cut
tiers. $G.75@7.75; lockers and feeders.
good. choice and fancy. $10.5O018.7b;
1850; veal calves, rood and choice,
S13.75 @14.50.
Sheep-Lambs. choice and prime
$4,000 1925; medium and good, sI3.7b
Q16.1o: oulls. s1O.OO@12.5O; ewes,
choice and prime. S9.5o@ 1000: medium
and good, ss.bo@p.b0; cuils, $4,000
, 1919-01-02

poor old duffer. He saved all his
life and died before he could enjoy his
wealth."
"But somebody Will enjoy it."
That's true. His widow has the
satisfaction of giving him q funeral
that was expensive enough to make
the old gentleman turn over in his
raw e.'--Birmingham Age-Herald.
, 1919-01-02


p"'S,
tional assembly. Combating both the
~reactionaries and the socialists, 1t
calls for a united Germany, including
German Austria; equality of all citi-
zens, male and female; freedom of
thought, religion, press and speech.
officials of the Rhenish province nave
suggested another plan of r%eOrganiza-
ton, the formation of seven minor
republics, which shall be united under
a central government.
In all their planning and scheming
he Germans of all shades of opinion
and sincerity are counting more and
more on the influence of President
Wilson and of Americans generally to
obtain easier terms from their con-
querors. Their words and actions
make his evident, Notwithstanding the
fact that there is little on which they
have any right to base such hopes.
Our army of occupation, according to
reports. is having an elaborate expOsi-
ton of the German policy of spread
ing soft s,ar. and the Boobies there
took full au -. ltage of the Christmas
spirit thai oervaded the troops.
Charies II. Srune VI ohie"sU, JUS
returned from oioeiia' says. W. ~
hho"s ahS.ihnS "oout Nu
p" u"seos, At" III up II 't
~ .oal - 49, ps,4o 60
~ - -
- In a. ~
- nv - - .hoaa
- ..sonaaaa.
- - am aSas,ataa
o. r,a Ta,atami1, aoin,na e.
.ao.a "a w. t,a - 80 e.,
80
- 49,. 1870 a,saS
80. -. 49, - ho,,Iaair
n,a,,on,ant 70 u.ontnn nnd .ho+ thn now
n.Dnonnt ~ O., n,ms. hn rolioa on
W - ali Ia,d,. Co., ,on,oninn
-. ss,,ana ~ nj t.oons
nrst 10 u,,thdroun ond tho prssiopS
,as. ~ a.+ th S.,uason
t. tho poitio nra,inoos tha hoIsboyiki
s.a -. 80. a.ao,o.
'Nl,"ntn. %awaan unn,atn
- ~, - nainaa
nee II Dotn nSd,.
- -NN, - -
" al,,
etih oie : "ru u ~
uhu e Wv ~ po9ttou u
General Semenof. the anti-boIsheyik
leader who refused to recognize the au-
thority of Admiral Kolchak. dictator
in the Omsk government is said to
have consented to give his recognition
nrovided Kolchak retires In favor of
General Denikine, hetman of the Cos
sacks as soon as n junction of the
eastern and western forces is effected.
The Russian statesmen who are in
Paris headed nv Prince Lyoff. are re-
living largely on Kolchak and Denikine,
but they are also urging that an ailled
expedition of at least 10000 be sent.
They have not received much encour-
agement of their plea for intervention.
Here is one of the many instances
that made 1t impossible for the out
slider to understand what is going on
in Russia; Last summer Skoropadski,
hetman OF the Ukraine. was depOsed
and driven out because he was notori-
ousiy the tool OF the m A few
, 1919-01-02

The senate passed, without a roll
call, the largest tax measure in the
worlds history. 1t is designed to raise
$4,000, 100000 in 1919 and S4.OOO,OO 100000
in 1920. Among the amendments ac-
cepted was m making the District of
Columbia bone dry" and another levy
ing a 100 per e tax on all campaign
contributions in excess of $500. The
Inter, it is supposed, will weaken the
of "big business" in politics.
, 1919-01-02
Hay and Grain Market.
IF. o. B. Denver, Carload Price.)

Buying Prices.
Colorado. upland, per ton. 200 $500
Nebraska upland, per ton.
Prairie hay, Colorado and
Nebraska, per ton....... 1000 921.O0
Timothy, per ....... $3.50 q 24.0e
Alfalfa, per ton.........- 1900 2o.0e
South Park, per TONI. 22.0 Q23.0e
Gunnison Valley, per ton. $4,000 22.0d
Straw, per ton. .......... 5000 500
Oats, Nebraska. 100 lbs, buying...$ 2.45
Corn chop, sack, selling .......... $40
Corn, in sack. selling ............ sos
White corn meal, per 100 lbs ...... 400
Yellow corn meal. per 100 lbs..... 4.0c
Corn flour (white). per 100 lbs. 4.45
Gluten feed. sacked, selling.....-. S.3f
Bran, Colo, per l00 tbs, s~eilins... III
Flour.
subject to discount. .s5.1s
to discount a.5s
Hungarian, "a lbs, sacked. subject
to discount Lbs
, 1919-01-02

Italy and the Jugo-Slavs are no near
err agreement concerning the western
coast of the Adriatic than they were
a. week ago, and their dispute undoubt-
eddy must be settled by the interallied
conference. Jugo-Slavia has not yet
been recognized as a nation and its
leaders want to know who will repre-
sent its component parts, Serbia. Mon
tenegro and large parts of the former
Austrian empire, I'm the peace congress.
, 1919-01-02

Kansas City, Mo.-Butter-Creamery
Ale.
Eggs-Firsts. Gle; seconds, 49c.
Poultry-Hens. 2ihc: ~roost4rs, 1TMe;
broilers, soc.
, 1919-01-02
DRESSED POULTRY.
LIVE POULTRY.
RABBITS.
EGGS.

Is, dozen .............S2.00Q ESQ
entails 2.25 @2.S5
, 1919-01-02

Prompt denial came from Paris of
the report that sthe American delega-
ton had agreed to the sinking of the
surrendered German war vessels. The
president said he was absolutely OPP
posed to such a course, and Secretary
Lansing declared the proposition had
not even been discussed.
, 1919-01-02

Eggs, strictly fresh, case
count ................$l6.Tb911 100
, 1919-01-02
Now You'd Cattan prie..


New York.5Cotton-January, 2s.ls
March,, 2S.16; May, 27.42; July, 26,s3
october. Pap. MiddlIng. 32.10.
, 1919-01-02

New Observation-Disclosures, Ia;
cut loaf. 1850; crushed. 1926; mould A,
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Recipe to Make a
Gray Hair Remedy

A. l.. Paulson. NJ D., who has
practiced medicine in New York
City for many years, gave out the
following recipe for 81 homemade
gray hair remedy: Gray. streaked
or faded hair can be quickly turned
black. brown or light brown. which
ever shade you desire, by the follow
ing remedy that you can make at
home
Merely get box Of Orlex powder
at any drug store. II costs very
little and no extras to buy. Dissolve
II in 4 or. OF distilled or rain water
and comb II through the hair. Full
directions for use and n gold bond
guarantee come In each box.
1T In safe. does not rub off. Is not
sticky or greasy, and leaves the hair
fluffy. u will make n gray'haired
person look twenty years younger.
Advertisement.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Urges Unity as
Need of Nation

Selfish elements In labor circles
were scored by Il. u. Fish. n union
machinist OF Seattle. in an address
before members OF the One Hundred
Per Cent club at i,s Masonic club
luncheon Tuesday noon.
"Americanisn. without any re.
Ntraining influences. should govern
both labor and capital" Fish said.
There should be a unity between the
two 10 build up the nation. The &C
TONS OF many unions during recent
labor troubles in Seattle were unpa-
triotic md detrimental TO the welfare
OF the city"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
WHAT WILL YOU DO
ABOUT YOUR CATARRn7

throat and air passages. then
you might reasonably expect
to be cured by the use 81
local remedies. But have You
ever known of one single per-
son to be freed from the slav-
cry of Catarrh by any kind
of local treatment?
Why? Simply because you
have overlooked the cause Of
these symptoms, and all Of
your treatment has been mis-
directed. Remove the cause
of the clogged up accumuIa-
ton that choke up your air
passages, and they viii nat
urally disappear for good.
But no matter how many
local applications you use to
temporarily clear them away.
they promptly reappear and
will continue 10 do so until
their cause is removed.
But if you will take a treat
ment that goes right down 10
the very source of the dis
ease and attacks it at its
starting point, then you are
on the right track, and can
expect results. S. S. S., the
fine old fifty-year-old blood
remedy, is an antidote to the
millions of tiny Catarrh
germs with which your blood
is infested. A thorough
course of this remedy win
cleanse and purify your blood
and remove the disease germs
which cause Catarrh, and At
the same time build up and
strengthen the entire system.
Don't waste further time by
continuing a treatment that
can make no progress toward
permanent relief. but begin to
take S. S. S. today, and you
will receive the same benefit
that others have.
S. S. S. is sold by all drug
stores. Write for free medi-
cal advice about your own
case to Chief Medical Advis-
er, l55 Swift Laboratory. A.
llanta, Ga.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Improper Treatment Leads to
a Serious Stage

Because you have doubtless
been fairly comfortable
through the mild summer
months. and free from the
soreness and irritation of the
membranes, do not make the
mistake of thinking that you
are rid of your Catarrh. For
if you suffered with this dis
ease last winter it will again
be with you in all its sever
ity unless you have eliminat-
cd entirely from the blood the
germs which cause the dis
ease.
This, of course. you have
not done if you have relied
upon the usual local methods
of treatment with sprays,
ointments, jellies. atomizers,
lotions, etc, the only possible
effect of which treatment is
to afford but temporary re-
lief. For nothing but tempo
rary relief can be expected
from treatment which reach.
es only the symptoms of the
disease.
Are you going to further
temporize with a disease that
leads to such a serious condi-
ton? Don't you know that
you can use gallons upon gal
Ions of local treatment with
out the slightest permanent
benefit? Just give the mat
ter a little careful thought
and you will realize that it is
| but a waste of time and mon
ey, besides seriously jeopar.
dizing your health, to con.
tinue a method Of treatment
that has proven of so little
value in making any rea
progress toward genuine ben.
eft?
First Of all find out just
what causes your Catarrh
If it was merely a local irrita-
ton and inflammation of the
delicate Innings of the nose
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Women Jail Mates
Make Moonshine

SPOKANE. Nov. "A moonshine
plant in fun operation was discov'
cred In tho woman's section OF the
city Jail here at noon today. Using
lard pals female prisoners had made
n mash OF apples, grapes and fruit
sent In from the outside. 1t was fer
menting merrily when the matron
discovered the still"
Booze and apparatus were seized,
but there'll be no prosecutions, Chief
Weir says.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
THIS MAY
HELP YOU
Home-Mixed Cough Syrup;
Very Cheap, Very
Effective
WEDLOCKED

Mrs. Joseph Meilleur. AS Jeffer.
son street, Tiffin, Ohio, writes:
II have used the Mentho-Laxene
for colds. Must say find II better
than any cough syrup l have ever
used yet. / coughed night and day
for a week. After ! got the Hentho-
Laxene to use the coughing stopped
in three days. etc.
Just buy a 21z-ounse bottle OF
Mentho L.axene dt is richly concen-
trated) and mix 1t with simple syrup,
as per directions with bottle. and then
you will have whole pint OF the
finest, quickest cold. cough and
catarrh medicine you ever used. and
no opiates or narcotics. either. Hun
dreds OF thousands Of people now
make their own medicine TO avoid ex'
penae ana neutrality-suspicious.
meDt.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Bolshie Peerade
Fails to Function

CHICAGO. Nov. 5.--Pinns OF the
radicals in Hammond. East Chicago.
Indiana Harbor and Gary TO hold a
monster celebration In East Chicago
November 7. s and Q. in honor OF the
second anniversary OF the birth OF
Bolshevism in Russia. have gone
awry.
Federal and local authorities de-
clded to permit no meetings or pa
rades. Display OF the red flag was
also barred.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
Auto Wrecked But
Driver Is Uniniured

Dean Potter. 1909 Seventh ave. ~.
escaped uninJured Tuesday afternoon
in an accident In which his automo
bile. which was caught between "A
James st cable car and truck
standing near the curb. was com
pletely wrecked.
Potter reported 10 the police he was
driving west on James st. between
Second and Third aves.. when the &C
cident occurred. All four wheels OF
his machine. an axle and numerous
other parts were demolished.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-11-05
FRANK ARMSTRONG FUNERAL

Funeral services for Frank A.
Armstrong. Seattle manager for the
Kelley Clarke Co. for 81 years. were
held at o'clock Tuesday afternoon.
at Trinity parish church. Rev. III. ii.
Gowcn officiaied at the services.
which were followed by ceremony
a. Lake View cemetery. The pail
bearers were G. w. Fischer, +. II
Baxter. T.. III. Hamlin. James Match
cit. n. r. Small and IL. A. Fleager.