Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-04-20
.s|MPL|F|ED LESSONS IN
CARE OF AUTOMOBILE
Types OF Motors and Differences In
Mechanism Arc Described
~ by Expert.
TELLS OF NEEDED ATTENTION
Guerrlich Replies to Questions From
s Many Machine Owners, Solving
Difficult Problems in Language
: Clear TO Laymcn.

When explaining the cycle Of the au-
tomobile motor the writer, for con-
renience sake, used what is known as
the 1T head motor for an illustration
There are a number of different types
of motors on the market, their differ
ence being entirely in the arrangement
of the valve mechanism.
As you may recall in the "T-head'
motor, the mixture of gasoline and air
entered on one side of the motor. and
the burned cor cNhaUstcd) gases eS
capped on tho other side. This means
that the inlet valves. with the cam
shaft. etc, must toe placed on the ono
side and the exhaust valves on the
other IS the valve chambers protrudc
from each side OF the cylinder in such
a way as 10 make the engine take the
shape or tho letter 'T'' as shown in
Fig. /, this motor is called the It
head" motor.
?, differs from tn. T-hcad motor only
IN the arrangement of the valves. In
this motor the valves arc all placed
on. the one side. the action otherwise
being exactly the Same as that OF the
T-head motor. OF course. in the T
head motor. tho fresh gases enter on
on the other side, while in the L-head
the gases enter on the front or rear
portion and exhaust on. the rear or
lively. but on the same side.
Arrangement in L-r!pr Engine.
In most 1.-typc engines. the valves
are arranged thus: No. will have the
exhaust in forward portion. and inlet
rear: No. >, the inlet forward and en-
haust rear: No. ., exhaust forward. in
let rear: No. :. inlet front. exhaust
r 1.;,I The reason cas- for inis is that II
built with only two branches for tho
four-cylindcr engine and three branches
for tho siN-crliUdcr engine
Both the 7 and L-head motors have
their advantages and disadvantages
The T-head motor. can have larger
valves and these valves Will usually be
more accessible. II is. however. more
expensive 10 build and has more parts
as ii Will have to have two cam shafts
and to half,time sears 1t is. nat
The L-hcad will require only one cam
shaft and gear, and has tho added ad-
vantage of having the exhaust mani
fold near the inlet manifold. so that
the heat Of the exhaust will tend to
neat the inlet manifold. and so help
prevent the condensation OF the gas
in the manifold The size Of the valves
however i limited, ana they are Liable
to be less accessible.
Overhead Nnl>e Engine.
The overhead valve engine has tho
valves placed on TOP. or in tho head OF
the cylinders. In both tho Z and L.
head motors the valves are opened by
being rushed ur against the spring
but in the overhead engine they arc
opened by being pushed down Tho
cam shaft is The same. but between tho
valve litter and the valve a push rod
and rocker arms are placed.
Figure > shows tn" overhead. or
vaIve-in he-hcad motor. n is the
valve litter guide" y the waive litter
Ghese parts You viii notice arc the
same in tho 7 and L.-head motors). and
Il is The push rod which rests in a
hollow on IN" valV" litter, while = is
the rocker arm. and |: the valve stem.
You Will note that y is raised r also
* raised and that. because Of th..
rocker-arn action. tho valve stem aud
therefore valve. * pushed down and 80
the valve is opened.
In most overhead valve engines tho