Republican farmer., 1919-03-07

" ny Olll7 lev tI lSIl tdIlNltlN 1Ol liif adoption of this plan Why this racing up and down the land by prop aGandiste urging it's adoption? What benefit Is to come from such a sale of the country as is urged upon us? Who are the beneficiaries of this be- trayal of our country?"
 The Pennsylvania senator said that if the people of the United States de- sired what he termed a real league of nations to prevent war and mot merely build a coalition 10 further trade or preserve and expand terri toriaI possessions" 1t might be se- cured through the formation of an International organization comprising the nations of fhe world.
 Senator Knox said the constitution of such an international coalition should primarily declare war an in ternadOnal crime and stipulate that any nation enga ging in it except i1 seIf-defense be punished by the world as an international criminal. He also suggested that the constitution provide that international disputes be decided by an international court ac- cording to an international code de- lining war: that no nation could sum- mon another before the court unless the subject under discussion was of common concern to the contending nations and that Jurisdiction of the court not extend to matters of gov ernmentaI policy.
 Under such a code. the Senator de Clared, America would not, as in event the present plan for q League of Ma tiCns were realized, be called upon to Arbitrate the policy involved in the Monroe Doctrine, our conservation policy; our immigration policy, our right to eXpel aliens, our right to repeI invasion and to maintain mill 1ary and naval establishments; our right to make necessary Qualifications of the Panama canal or on our from tiers, and our right to discriminate between natives and foreigners in re- Spect to right of property and citizen ship"
 Among other suggestions for the constitution. he said it should provide that the countries of the two hemis- pheres be called upon to enforce de- Crees of the international court only in their respective hemispheres.
 A league framed on these broad lines" he continued, would carry with 1t a minimum loss of our sovereignty, would relieve us from participation in the broils of Europe; would preserve the Monroe Doctrine and would save America. from the re- suits of European intrigue and aggres- sion"
 In opening his address, Senator Knox said he wished 1t understood he had not secured negative conclusions in regard to the constitution of the proposed league through unfriend- lineSs or bias. He sad he was against war even to the extent of seeing the United States make the ut most sacrifices possible, but that he wanted to feel sure that when the of fering of the United States had been placed upon the altar and burned this country should have neasurably and proportionately advanced the cause Of human liberty and happiness.
 Referring to the proposed consu- tuition of the League of Nations, he first criticised it for ''looseness of ex- pression" which he said characteriz- ed it throughout and then because it appeared to set up two operating entities for it's enforcement the high contracting parties" and the League itself In this connection he said the importance of this became apparent when it was observed that "the high contracting parties did not comprise every member state in the League and that, therefore, the burden assum- ed by the high contracting parties, whoever they may be, possibly the 'big five, is crushing in its weight"
 The senator complained especially against leaving the Central Powers out of the League, saying the inevit- able result would be ito drive them more closely together for mutual self protection, thus making the fOrma- tion of a second League of Nations bidding for adherence from neutral states almost a certainty"
 Thus, at no distant date" he con- tinued, I've should have two great Leagues of Nations and two great camps each preparing for a new ana greater life and death struggle"
 Even the term League of Nations Is a deceptive Tnisnomer," he declar- ed, for under this proposed plan th& nations of the world are divided into three classes:
 First, sienatorfes of the Covenant these are not named, but 1t is as suned they will include and possibly