davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
FOREIGN

The map of Europe was being re-
made as the year 1918 came to close.
The Czecho-SlOvak republic was al
ready in existence before the close of
the war, having been recognized as an
Independent belligerent government by
the United States, Great Britain,
France and Italy, but the coming of
peace saw the formal establishment of
this new government at Prague. The
end Of the war a*o practically assured
the rising of great new Poland, made
up of most, if not all. of the territory
divided up years ago among Germany,
Austria and Russia. Finland threw
off the shackles placed upon her by
Russia and out Of the turmoil of civil
war emerged as free and independent
nation. The peoples Of other smaller
subject states asserted their independ-
ence.
Civil war continued to threaten the
new republic Of China throughout the
year. Hsu Shin Chang was elected
president Of the republic on Septem
Der and during the next few months
reports indicated a possibility of an
agreement being reached between the
northern and southern sections of the
country.
Peru and Chile were reported on the
brink OF war during the closing weeks
of the year. The trouble between
these countries was an outgrowth of
the nitrate war of years ago in which
Chile won Taona and africa.
DIR. Sidonia Paes, president of Por-
tugal, was shot and killed at Lisbon.
December Is. The assassin was killed
by the crowd that witnessed the crime
Two days later Admiral Canto Y. Cas-.
tro was elected president of Portugal
On December 16 the Finnish diet
elected General Mannerhem regent of
Finland.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
LABOR AND INDUSTRY

Labor unrest, resulting in manv
strikes, threatened to seriously ham.
per the governments war preparations
early In the year but through a shirt
OF cooperation shown by both labor
and capital the danger was ayerted and
there was little labor trouble during
the greater part of the year.
During the early days of tho VOC,
dlsaHectlon appeared among the work.
ers IN the shipyards and by February
IL the situation had assumed serious
aspect with strikes in effect in five
yards. BY February 16 the strike had
spread still further in spite of nm nd
vance In wages announced by 4he In.
Dor adjustment board.
On February II, President Wilson
IN letter to William l.. Hutcboson
head OF the United Brotherhood of Cav
pehters and Joiners, CONCERNING tho
snip carpenters strike, denied the r,oh.
or labor to strike at that critical iunc
lure. VIII you cooperate or will Won
oDstruct?" the president asked Tha
"orkmen responded to the president,S
appeal and the strike was Declared 60
AT the same time Secretary Of Iohor
wilson announced the personne, If .
ha'lohai board of labor, to he co,,
posed OF representatives of both ,ohor
ana capital. On February "a This hoord
opened conference for the purpose Of
establishing basis for the settlemont
OF disputes during the war. Formar
PRESIDENT William II. Taft chosen Nv
the employers, and Frank p walsh
se'ected by the labor organizations nj,
'erhated as chairman, This confer
ehce' on March 20. reached an agree
'hen' providing that all labor disnutas
arising during the war should be sinh
n an,.aeo TO board of mediation. This
, nsreeIneht was adhered to by both en-.
p'oyers and employees and comparn.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08

Congress increased the safeguards
thrown about war industries by pass
ing the sabotage" bill, carrying pen
altles of $4,000 fine and ~ years III
nrisonment for destruction of war ma
terials or interference with war ihdus-
tries. President Wilson signed this
measure on April 20. The government
also prosecuted vigorously many per-
sons accused of violation of the esploh'
age act, On August II; 100 members
of the l. w. w. were convicted or dis-
LOYALTY in the federal court at Chlcago'
after a trial lasting several mohths'
Government control Of the railroads
was followed during this year by gov
eminent control of all telegraph ana
telephone lines. Congress on July 10
authorized the president to take con-
troll of the wires and the government
assumed control on July 81. On NO
yember II, the government also TOOK
control of all Atlantic cable lines.
The first general election since the
United States entered the war was
held on November 5. The Republicans
won both houses of congress, the SEN
ate by a majority of two and the
house by margin of more than forty'
During September, October and NO
vember the entire country was swept
by serious epidemic of Spanish IN
fuenza. Thousands of soldiers IN the
army camps and other thousands OF
civilians succumbed thereto and TO
pneumonia.
The country was surprised on NO
vember % by the resignation of Will
liam G. McAdoo as secretary OF the
treasury and director general of the
railroads. Representative Carter Glass
of Virginia was named to succeed MIR.
McAdoo as secretary Of the treasury
December 5.
On November % Governor Stephens
of California committed to life impris-
onment the death sentence of Thomas
J. Mooney, convicted in connection
with the death of ten persons from a
bomb explosion in San Francisco dur
ing preparedness parade July %,
1916.
Plan for making the United States
navy second to that of no other cOun-
try for 1925 were disclosed to congress
by Rear Admiral Badger, chairman of
board of the navy December II.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
NEUROLOGY

Death took heavy toll among men
and women prominent in public life
during the year 1918. The list 10.
cludes the following:
January IS, United States Senator
James H. Brady of Idaho; January a.
Maj. A. P. Gardner. former congress
man from Massachusetts, who re-
signed to. enter the army; January S'
United States Senator William Hughes
of New Jersey.
February 2, John L. Sullivan, former
heavyweight champion, at West Ablne
ton, Mass; February 10, Abdul Hamld'
former sultan Of Turkey; Februaf!
IA, Sir Cecil Spring-Rice. former Brit
ish ambassador to America.
March 6, John Redmond. Irish M
tionalist leader, at London; March v
George Won L. Meyer. former catlne'
member and diplomat. at Boston.
+ April ~, United States Senator
r. r. Broussard Of Louisiana; April -
United States Senator William Joe'
Stone Of Missouri.
May IA, James Gordon Bennett prv
prietor Of the New York Herald i"
Paris.
June 3, Ramon NJ. Valdez, preslden'
Of Panama; June 4, Charles ware.
Fairbanks. former vice president "
Indianapolis.
July 3, MOhammed V, sultan or lur
key; Viscount Rhondda, British loou
controller, and United States Sena'"
Benjamin r. Tillman Of South Caro
lima July q, Gustav Kobbe, American
author and critic.
August s, Max Rosenthal, falhou'
artist, at Philadelphia; August -
Anna Held. famous actress. at view
York; August II, United States Sen1
tor Jacob II. Gallinger Of New fanp
shire; August %. United States Se''
tor Ollie M. James of Kentucky.
September II, Cardinal John NJ. ra
ley, archbishop of New York; Seple~
Der %, John Ireland, Catholie ai''
bishop of st. Paul.
October 25, Charles Lecocq' fre'''
composer. Ia.
November 4. Mrs. Russell sage. W"
Ow of famous financier, nj New i"s
DIR. Andrew White, noted educa'o' a."
diplomat; November 8, Robert d. va
lier. editor and publisher; No'e" .n.
Is. Gen. Fl. &. King. soldier anu ~,
thor, in New York; November !" ~
G. X. Van Hise. president of uh'e.I
Of Wisconsin; Joseph f. Smith, Wv
dent of Mormon church. "a.
December 2, Edmond R"stan''
nous French playwright and poet ,0sr
Copy right. 1918, by Mcclure Ne"''
Syndicate.)
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
by DONALD r. BlGGS.

More history has been made in the
year 1918 than In any year that has
passed since time began. This mo-
mentous twelve months period comes
to close with the world at peace at
ter more than four years Of the most
sanguinary fighting Of this or any
other age.
During the year great nations have
crumbled. new nations have sprung
into being, thrones have tottered and
fallen, mOnarchs who once ruled hun
dreds Of millions Of people with an
iron hand have fled for their lives or
have fallen victim to the wrath Of peO-
pies intoxicated by their new-wOn
freedom.
The coming of peace finds America
and her allies strong and fully able
to meet the responsibilities that come
with victory. On the other hand 1t
finds the nations responsible for the
world cataclysm exhausted and torn
by civil disorders that are born of de-
feat. 1t finds the once great empire Of
Austria-Hungary in ruins from which
there are already rising new free ma.
tons. 1t finds the German empire dis
rupted and threatened with dissolu-
ton.
The end of the war finds Russia in
the throes Of civil war. The world gets
only fragments of news regarding the
real situation In the land of the former
czar, but these fragments have told a
terrible story Of anarchy and class
strife In which thousands Of persons
have persisted, slain in bloody riots or
ruthlessly executed by the bOlshevik
leaders who control a large part Of the
once great empire. Peace finds the
menace of autOcratic militarism sup
planted by the menace of bolshevism.
which Is attempting to extend its an
archlstic propaganda throughout the
world.
But, amid all the uncertainties that
peace has brought, the world rejoices
that the last citadel of autocracy has
been swept away before the rising tide
Of democracy. giving assurance that
the millions who died upon the field of
battle did not die In vain. Brighter
days for all mankind have dawned
with the passing Of the year 1918.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
HOW THE WAR WAS WON

The year opened with the opinion
generally prevailing that the world
war could not be brought to conclu-
sion In less than eighteen months. 1t
was an open secret that the German
high command was planning to make
supreme effort On the western front,
and during the early days of 1918 1t
was known that many divisions of
German troops. released from the Rus
sian front, were being transferred to
the west front In preparation for the
grand offensive.
Interest during these days conferred
in events that were transpiring In
Russia and In lOng-range peace discus
si0ns In which President Wilson and
Chancellor Won Hertling figured. On
January s President Wilson, in an ad-
dress to congress. promulgated the
famous I'D points" which he declared
should form the basis of world peace.
In Russia Premier Lenine and For
eign Minister Trotzky intrenched
themselves In power by dissolvlng the
constituent assembly which met ut Pc
trograd January Is. On January u
an all-Russian congress of soviets was
convened to replace the constituent as
selnbly. There was little activity on
any front during the month, but on
Jmnary 80 1t was announced officially
TINT American troops were holding
front-line trenches in France, occupy
Ing a sector northwest of Toul.
The Americans holding this sector
received their baptism of fire when
they repulsed vigorous German raid.
The Americans lost two killed, four
wounded and one missing. On Febru-
AIRY the steamer Tuscania. carrying
2.170 American soldiers, was tOrpe.
dOed and sunk, with a loss Of 159
lives. On February 8 the Ukraine
signed separate treaty of peace with
the central powers.
Conditions In Russia continued to
be chaotic. The bolsheviki declared
the war with Germany over but re-
fused to sign the peace treaty demand
ed by Germany. The Germans there
upon renewed hostilities against Rus.
STA, capturing Reval, Russian naval
base, and advancing on Petrograd lie.
nine and TrOtzky then announced that
Russia was forced to accept the Ger
man peace terms. On March 3 the
Russian delegates at Brest-LitovsI
signed the peace treaty with Germany
Germans Begin Great Drive.
On March 81 the long-heralded of.
fensive Of the Germans was launched
A terrific blow was delivered against
the British lines on front Of more
than so miles, extending from the Riv
er Disc. near La Fere, to the Ssnsee
river. about CrOiselles, Wave afte,
wave Of the finest German troops were
hurled at the British lines. and in &
few days had advanced 10 miles. The
British Fifth army at the point where
: II touched the French lines was rout
ed. and for time the allies faced dis
aster. The Germans. continued to push
southwark. and at the end of IS day.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
lively few strikes occurred durinr .
remainder Of the year. '"e
DISASTERS

Fires railroad accidents and exu,o.
sions took heavy toll of human p inv
on land during the year 1918 whilo CIV
elements combined with the tornedoao
Of the German U-bOats to send thoe
sands Of innocent persons, includ,"r
women and children, to their death
sea. 81
Fifty-two children met deoth :,
fire which destroyed convent at M,
treal, Canada. February IA. Februo.,
"a the liner Florizel, bound from 9.
Johns, N. F., to New York wv.
wrecked by blizzard near Cape Racs
and 90 lives were lost.
Seventy inmates of an insane asu,,
at Norman. Okla, were killed in y A.
which destroyed that institution AMI,
IL. p'"
On May l the Savannah liner CITY ~
Athens was sunk in a collision with
French cruiser off the Delaware COOS.
and 66 lives were lost. On Nav 10
nearly hundred persons were kil,oS
by explosions in the Aetna Chemico,
piOHI Ia.
Sixty-three persons, including we'll.
known circus performers, perisbed
when circus train was wrecked a.
Gary, Ind. June %. Fifty persons were
killed by the collapse of a BUILDING a.
Sioux City, Ia, June 90.
A small factory explosion in ENGLAND
killed so persons July and on the fo,.
lowing day an explosion in munition.
plant near Syracuse. N. Y, killed ia
Eighty-tve merrymakers perisbod
when an excursion boat sank in fl.
Illinois river July 5. A hundred ner,
sons were killed in collision betwean
two trains near Nashville, Tenn
July 9.
A tornado swept part of Minnesota
August 81, killing so persons at TYLER
and Connors.
On October 6 the United States trans.
port Otranto was sunk in collision of
the Irish coast and $50 persons lost
| their lives. Four hundred were lost
when the British mail boat Leinster
was torpedOed and sunk October TO-
A series of terrific explosions in a
shell-loading plant at Morgan, N. J.
on October 3 killed "a persons and de.
stroyed vast amount of property. A
severe earthquake which caused the
death Of $50 persons was reported In
Porto Rico October II. Great forest
fires ragged in northeastern Minnesota
during October. Many towns were de.
stroyed and about 1000 lives were lost.
On October 25 the steamship Princess
Sophia was wrecked on the Alaskan
coast and 343 were lost.
Ninety-eight persons were killed No.
vember l in wreck on the Brooklyn
Rapid Transit lines. On November q,
about 1900 persons were reported
killed by the explosion Of German mu.
milton trains en- route from Belgium to
Germany.
| One of the most unusual cases In
maritime history was that of the
United States navy collier Cyclops
which disappeared at sea while hound
from the West Indies to an American
Atlantic port. Announcement was
made April IA that the boat, with 293
persons on board, was month over
due. Not single trace of the boat
or its passengers and crew was ever
found, and the fate of the vessel Is
complete mystery.
The Challis messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1912-current, 1919-01-08
REVIEW Of YEAR THAT BROUGHT PEACE
TO WORLD AFTER FOUR YEARS OF WAR

Germany and Her Allies Are Crushed and Forced to Accept Such
Terms as Winners Dcate-Unted States Supplies Power
That Turns Tide-President Wilson Joins Other Demo-
cratic Rulers Of World in Great Peace Congress at
versaiNes-0Id Nations CrumbIe and New Ones
Are Formed Russia Torn by Disorders.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
SIXTY BILLION DOLLARS
Is uu..iCLE SANS INCOME

Figures mean little when they run
up to eleven places. but 1t is comfor-
table to think that the national in
come now amounts to 100000 900 900.
This is double the total Of 1910. It
shows the enormous stimulation of ac-
tivity under the stress of war. More
than that. it gives a slight idea of
the immense potentialities of the Uni
ted States.
Sixty billion dollars {. year means
$3.50 for every man, woman and child
in the United States. The New York
statisticians figure that the total
wealth Of this country is now double
that of England and the national in
come Quadruple.
There seems to be no reason why
the American people should not sub
scribe literally for War Savings
Stamps. With sixty billions year
coming in we ought to be willingness,
eager!-to Finish up the job" and
wipe out all war bills.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
TOO BIG FOR UNIFORM
Soldier In the Army for Many Months
In Citizen Clothes.

Riley Rucker Linn county, Oregon,
young man, has served more than four
months In the United States army and
has had no uniform.
Rucker is six feet four inches tall,
and weighs over 300 pounds. He went
to Camp Lewis last fall with a selec-
tive service contingent. For one month
he was in quarantine. Then he was
placed in the depot brigade and re-
ported for uniform. Nothing could
be found to fit him. His measurement
was taken and orders sent East for a
special uniform. When 1t finally came
Rucker could not get into 1t.
Rucker was measured again, and
this time definite instructions accom-
panied the order. The uniform was
made, but before it was started from
the East to Camp Lewis came the sign
ing of the armistice. Rucker has ar
rived home, in civilian attire, dis
charged.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
Some RecoIIections of the Time
When People Took the Day
Most Seriously.
RHYMESTERS OUT IN FORCE
Dogoerel for the Most Part, but Some
Really Pretty Verse Can Be Found
In the Treasured Hoards
of Collectors.
BY FRANCES BURNS.

You are witty, you are pretty;
You are single-what a pity!
j am single for your sake,
What a handsome couple we shall make!
Such doggerel, little over CEN
fury ago, hack writer's used to dash
off to include in the funny chapbooks
through which rustic SWANS were in
structeG how to make love on st. Val
entine's day.
That was before the era o. the COM
mercial printed valentines. Gentle
men, and others, still penned their own
or some "bOughten" sentiments, on or
about the 18th of February, and trem-
blingly dispatched the caligraphic pro-
duction to the cherished "fair." Often
outside help in rhyming was sought.
"The Gentlemen's New Valentine
Writer" "The Bower of Cupid"
"Cupid's Annual Charter" "The School
Of Love-" "The Ladies' Polite Vaien.
tine Writer"-these are some Of the
souvenirs of the period when all val
entines were hand made and home
made.
About generation later-that is, in
the thirties of the nineteenth century
came the real thing in valentines
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
LITTLE GIRLS CAPTURE
Child Followed a Bicycle and Had a
Man Arrested.

q S'SySsS o'A tINA -
Man Arrested.
Ontario, CAL, boasts Of the youngest
apprehender of criminals on record in
the person of Mabel Morton, four
years Of age.
Louis Garcia, Mexican, who owes
his capture to the little girls bravery.
was given 30 days in Jail by an On
tariO justice for the theft of a bicy-
Gle.
Mabel was playing on the lawn Of
her home when Garcia approached.
She didn't like his looks, she said
later, so she hid behind rose bush.
Garcia walked up to the house, and,
believing himself unObserved, took the
bicycle. When he left with it the girl
followed, and in the heart of the city
ran up to him, grabbed hold of a
sweater he was wearing, and hung on
when he tried to shake her off. Men
who ran to the scene learned the
story, and Garcia was arrested
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
lINIMEnTS AND
PLASTERS DISCARDED
Cream Of Mustard Used In Place Of
Plasters or Llnlments and
Does Not Bjister

Thousands are taking advantage Of the
generous offer made by The Cream Of
Mustard Company of South Norwalk.
Conn.,, by sending for q jar Of Cream Of
Mustard. which Ia the most powerful ex-
ternal preparation compounded. It is far
superior to mustard plasters. turpentine.
lard or any liniment on the market. 1t
relieves congestion, Inflammation and pain
almost Instantly. 1t takes the place Of
plasters or liniments for colds. pains and
aches.
1t has produced wonderful results with
thousands afflicted with sore throat, tom
silitis, stif neck, neuralgia, congestion.
rheumatism, sprains. sore muscles, bruises
colds In the chest, bronchitis, Group, head
ache. iumbago. pains and aches of the
back or Joints and chilblains.
Every household should have q Jar Of
Cream Of Mustard In the medicine chest
Tor emergency. Ask your druggist; ESQ
and soc Jars: hospital size $2.50.
The Cream Of Mustard Co.. South Nor
walk. Conn.-Adv.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14
RABBITS DO THEIR BIT
Many Of Them Turned Into Cash for
the Red Cross.

Practically every town and county
in western Kansas is having what. Is
called a Red Cross hunt this month.
Rabbits are unusually plentiful
throughout the West, and real rabbit
drives are being held, all of the rab-
bits sold for shipment to the East
ern states and the money is turned
over to the Red Cross fund.
The other day drive was held near
Zurich, and more than 600 rabbits
were killed. They were sold at eight
cents each for shipment to New York
and other Eastern points, where it is
said they are retailing at rs cents each,
while jackrabbits are selling at 81.
In the Zurich hunt, people from all
the surrounding counties participated,
some coming as much as 80 miles, re-
garding it as their patriotic duty.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1919-02-14

well-nigh improperly low, bodice, fills
Oline. The old dame sits in chair
reading from "The Sorrows of Wer-
ther," or don Juan" or other relig-
ious literature Of the period, and thus
begins homily which is interrupted
and contradicted by the young man
sending the tender missive:
Dear girl, whilst listening to a lovers
vows
Beware deceit-save when a youth
Like me unfolds his heart to spouse
Thee In conj1gal links of truth.
Somebody, somewhere, in those Ten
nysOnian days, discovered with Brown
ing that "Love is Best" and thus COM
municated with the loved one under
the caption Of Return of Happiness !"
The heart that lay in secret woe
Has borne loves arrows ranking there
Now raised by hopes deceptive glow,
Now sinking into dull despair;
That heart alone can duly feel
The madnirg joy, the ecstatic bliss,
or knowing that their loves returned
lHis, tnIs, inueeu, ID happiness
No love so wonderful as that first
experienced, maintains another versl-
fer, whose lines on "First Love" &C
company pretty picture:
Like as the moons subduing light.
Thrown on the ruin, tree or stone,
Will give to objects drear and dull,
A beauty which Is all their own;
lust so First Love a radiance throws
Ger every object on Lies stream
And gives its own bright coloring
To all that's touched by its pure beam.
In such manifestations on one day
Of the year Of love and sentiment like
that which In our time Miss Mildred
Champagne has ably edited daily the
temper Of the remarkable Victorian
age may be studied closely. AS for
st. Valentines day itself, whose OBJ
servance reached it's apogee about
1850, readers Of English literature need
not be reminded how frequently II Is
mentioned by the poets and romancers
from Chaucer downward.