The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-07-16

the position OF the people has become
more and moro precarious while diver
sity In the Philippines has made the po-
sition of the people more and more Sc
cure.
In India II has always been difficult
for the natives.to get an education. On.
I'll. recent years, universal, optional, free
education was looked upon with disfavor
even in England by the upper classes.
Naturally such a society could not be ex-
pected to extend optional, free education
to a subject people. Compulsory, free
education was our policy from the start
In the Philippines. We made compulsory
education possible because We paid the
parent workers enough 30 that they could
afford to let the children go to school
We taught the Filipinos our language
and our ways. We demanded OF them
service. but we discouraged servility
and encouraged self-respect. It Is on
this point that the Individual English
man takes issue with the individual
American. Commercially 1t pays. for
1t teaches the Filipino to read our books,
wear our clothes, use our house furnish
ings, Implements, and all. and creates
new market for these things. In
bringing about this transition from ig-
norance to education we pass through q
difficult period. that period in which q
little learning makes a man dangerous
to- himself and his people, but by APP
preaching the duty boldly and holding
the lid on" until that period has passed
we lead the natives into the new order
OF things and establish them there
safely. They learn to distinguish be-
tween license and freedom and become
a useful. peaceful people. with a genuine
AtN 81
market In which all commercial coun-
tries may share.
Giving the English plan of colonial
control the lead from 1857. when Eng
land first assumed a dominant position
In India, though not one Of absolute con-
troll until about a hundred years later
and taking the figures Of 1894 for first
comparison, we find that the per capita
value of imports for home consumption
for India In that year was about "a
cents. while that for the Philippines was
about S2.3s. In India by 1913 the per
capita value Of imports had risen te
$1.57. while that for the Philippines had
risen to ss.s3. So. in dollars and cents
fairness q make no claim OF generosity
to the Filipinos has paid.
Adopt New Methods Quickly.
1t Is very interesting to look a,
Philippine import figures and TO get an
Idea from them OF the approach the
Filipinos have made to absolute mod.
erness
In 1894 the importation of AGRICULTURAL
implements amounted to only silica
but In 1918 the value jumped to $3.50.
ls7, which indicates a tremendous i'm.
provement In methods and production.
Then. too, OUT influence has led the
Fflipinos to the use OF better foods. For
instance, flour importations in 1894 were
only $46S,130 worth, but in 1918 they
were worth S3,016.764. and other bread
stuffs had increased in value by over
quarter Of a million dollars worth.
The good things Of life too, have gone
Into the Philippines. OF course there
were no automobiles to be enjoyed by
them in 1894. but of automobiles and
tires in 1913 the Filipinos enjoyed about
three and a quarter millions Of dollars
worth.
One of the very pleasing things &c
note Is the increased importations OF
books and printed matter. In 1894 the
value Of such fmportations was only
$54 ,a21, but in 1918 the value was 1905.
646, so that practically whole new
market has been built for this class
Of merchandise. and the figures indicat,
| a wonderful improvement in the menta
calibre of the people.
What we have done through fairnes,
to the Filipinos in building a new mar
.. ket other nations will do and are doing
The development of the people of India
under sympathetic plans as advocated by
such leaders as Lord Morley, Edwin
Montagu and their associates among the
interested English. in close cooperation
with such native leaders as the Gaekwai
of Baroda and the Begun of Bhopal. will
result in a happy, peaceful, contented ant
prosperous India, and to the worlds mar
kets will be added a consuming capacity
when increased only to an equality will
that of the F'ilipinos. of nearly three
billions annually. Similar increases may
be expected in the Netherlands East In
dies, in China, In Japan. In Latin Amer
lea and eventually among the millions o.
Russian peasants
1t Is certain that We undertook ouI
work in the Philippines without though
as to figures, except that some of u,
thought of the tremendous expense, and
, we revert to figures only because the,
furnish the universally understood an
swer to the question Has 1t paid?"