davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30
The Wonders Of America
THE GRAND CANYON IN ARIZONA
By T. T. MAxEY

THE late George Fitch said ARIZONA
was made by nature in frivolous
and contradictory mood. few million
years ago, just to show man, when he
arrived, what she could do when she
felt like It."
The Grand Canyon of the Colorado
River-the most wonderful geological
and spectacular phenomenon known to
MANS in Arizona. Discovered by
Spanish explorers in 1910. it has been
an object Of wonder and admiration
ever since. In approaching it your
first surprise Is that you are not pre-
pared for it. Its beginning is so very
abrupt. In one jump from the edge
you could go down 1000 feet.
Viewed from the rim, looking down,
It is a stupendous panorama-an unbe-
lievable abyss. 5000 to 5000 feet deep,
10 to 10 miles wide and 200 miles long.
Its sides are lined with countless and
varied ornamental architectural fea.
lures, the whole beautifully tinted and
cOlOred and marvelously harmonious.
Seen from the bottom. looking up, It
Is so big that it amazes and bewilders
one. On every side are endless pro-
cessions of caves, terraces, pinnacles.
towers. buttes. cliffs and peaks-storm-
carved and weather-stained-man Of
them higher than any mountain east
Of the Rockies. yet none Of them level
with the top Globe trotters say that
nothing else IN all the world even re-.
motely approaches this spectacle.
The color combination seems to
shift with every movement Of the SUM-
Clouds or your position. There is
trait to the bottom and road around
the rim.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30
Here and There In Arizona
Newsy Notes Interest About people Arizona Exchange.
Clifton Copper Era, October 24)

1t is understood that the sale of
the Shannon properties to the Arizona
Copper Company, Ltd, was cofsum-
mated at Boston on October 7. An ad-
journed meeting was necessary, a quo
rum not developing at the regular
stockholders meeting. After pay
ments of all it's debts, the Shannon
company will be left with treasury
balance of about $3.50 900. This is to
used for the development of it's mines
at Gleason and possibly at Yager Can
yon in Yavapai County.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30
(Mohave Miner, October 25.)

The superior court of this county
convened in jury session last Tuesday
with Judge w. A. O'Con1or of Santa
Cruz county sitting in place of Judge
Bollinger. Only few criminal cases
were before the court, the jury find
ing verdicts of not guilty in each of
the cases.
Several important civil causes were
heard by the court and verdicts rem
dered in each. Only a few outside
attorneys were in attendance, the
cases being handled by local atttor-
neys. In the matter of Hartman VS..
the Oatman Gold M. and M. Co., R.
Z. Morrison of Prescott appeared for
the plaintiff and C. w. Herndon and
A. ]. Dublin for the defendant. The
argument by the defendant counsel
was well taken by the court, as the
verdict directed was offered IN set
tlement by the defendant prior to the
rial.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Every force makes for good or
evil, with the steering wheel in your
own hands. The wise man turns it
with care but the fool gives it a
twist at random.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

When you speak we'll of others you
forge a bright and unbreakable link
in your own reputation. Think it
over.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Happiness honestly sought is reead-
lily found, but it seldom comes of its
own accord.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Now they say Paris gowns are
more daring than ever. But seeing
is believing, aiid-where are they?
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30
THE TOWN GOSSIP
BY TEQUILA
BY TEQUILA

OANC VI Vic
ABOUT A Newspaper.
is THE Want Ads.
AND THERE are times.
WHEN THEY are better.
THAN MUTT and Jeff.
OR JIGGS and Maggie.
AND WE'VE printed some.
FROM TIME to time.
THAT SOUNDED ridiculous.
LIKE THE one we had.
A COUPLE of months ago.
-
Al'VFi'' ESING A cow for ssle.
AND 1T read like this:
"FOR SALE:Good Jersey Milk Cow
will give three gallons of milk per
day, also moving machine and 200
feet of rubber hose"
AND EVERYBODY.
WILL HAVE to admit.
That THAT was some cow.
AND l believe it was.
IN THE Tucson paper.
THAT l saw the ad:
"WANi'ED: TO rent home Of Main
street by man and wife and three
children with seven or eight rooms
and bath"
AND I'VE always wondered
4 II
HOW THE man and wife.
Is 4
AND THE three children.
INTENDED TOsmove.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Penney ante is out of the running.
No self respecting person wants TO
demean himself by Tipping such small
change.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Yes, we take sugar on subscrip-
ton. Bring along lump.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

THE VISIT of the Royal Family of Belgium to
The United States has been something Of a
disappointment to some people, It has been
matter of qualification to Others
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Power of will is mighty force and
can be famed into terrific gale.
But without perseverance it becomes
but a transient gust o. wind.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

Destroyed happiness may be con-
verted into a lasting blessing, if one
understands how to assemble the
shattered pieces.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30


AND THE bath.
INTO THE house.
AND THEN again.
THERE WAS the ad.
THAT I saw last week.
IN THE Phoenix paper.
WHICH READ like this:
"WANTED: BOY to deliver oysters.
that can ride a bicycle.
WHICH WOULD be.
A RATHER strange sight.
<A1Nl LIZ OcoL OIlC.
***
OF THEM all.
WAS ONE which read.
SOMETHING LIKE this:
"ROOM WANTED by young lady
with southern exposure and cleo
trio lights"
ALTHOUGH 1T didn't have much.
ON THE one.
WHICH I saw the other day.
IN THE Citizen.
"WANTED: TO work on farm,
young man who can tend to pigs
chickens and cows and other
stock and knows how to milk
them"
AND reckon.
THAT YOU'VE seen some.
WHICH EVEN beat those.
I THANK you.
The daily morning oasis., 1919-10-30

The beggar does not look for aims
in an empty hand. Neither does a
gentleman expect courtesy from a
Crouch.
The mirror., 1919-04-24
Busy

Your Uncle Sam is busy; he has got to the works;
He hasn't time to bother with citizen who shirks.
He has to pull freight and he has to shovel COAL
And plow and and harvest keep Freedom control
He's got to fly aeroplane; he's got to sail boat,
And be polite to ladies and escort them out to vote
So don't be idly dreaming like plump secluded clam.
You want to be in training to assist your Uncle SAM
Your Uncle Sam is busy. He has got to keep eye
On the youngsters clean and manly whose endurance
He's got to watch the trainer and he's to watch the cook
To keep their cheeks agowng with that honest healthy look
He's got to count the pennies that rolled around @
And gather the cus and crumbs scorned
And that threaten thru the land
Your Uncle Sam is busy Are you lending him hand2
-Washington Star
The mirror., 1919-04-24

and being refracted by it's passage
through the varying strata of air.
likewise pursues the course of a
vast curve, and, the critical angle
being reached, refraction ceases.
Then the light is reflected down
Tard, to enter an observers eye as
.4 they proceeded from a point
hgh above the surface of the earth.
En this case we perceive the image
: ght side up, and we may witness
@e unusual spectacle of ship
FALLING along over the tops OF
s.sountains on through the clouds
in the sky.
Occasionally a mirage in either
of these forms may be seen in a
temperate climate. its existence de-
pending upon the conditions OF
the atmosphere.
The word spectrum (Which is
the singular form of the word
spectra) means, literally, an ap-
paration, or a ghost. Applied to
physics, it means an image, This
image on spectrum of light de.
pends for its nature upon the COM
position of the radiant body from
which it originates. Different
soslrces of light produce different
spectra. We will deal only al
present with the spectrum of ou1
most common and principal source
of light-the sun. This spectrum
is. known as the solar spectrum.
As before stated, color is a
property belonging to light, and
white light, i. e. sunlight, is com
posed and contains all the visible
colors. A good painter or color
expert will tell you that all colors
properly mixed and blended will
produce white, provided a correct
proportion of each color is used.
Theoretically this is correct. But
Practically it is very difficult to
produce a pure white by the mix
ing of colors. This is due to the
impurity of the pigments used in
paint. Since color is a property
of light, then light, of course,
must contain the colors in their
present form. But different colored
light rays have different lengths
and vibrations. And since they
have different lengths, it stands to
reason that the short ones must vi
brate more frequently than the
long ones. since they all travel at
the same rate of speed, namely,
1856, 900 miles per second. Red
light waves. which are the longest,
have a length of about $50 micro
millimeters, or millimicrons, and
vibrate about 400 billions of times
in a second. The violet rays, on
the other hand, being the shortest.
have a wave length of only about
375 micro-millimeters and vibrate
about 800 billions of times each
second, in order to keep pace with
the longer red waves. The differ.
ent colored waves in between red
and violet have intermediate
lengths and vibrations. | may
mention that it takes one million
million micro-millimeters to equal
one kilometer; though we may bet.
ter understand how small a micro.
millimeter CONTINUED on page 8, col. 8
The mirror., 1919-04-24
Seen beneath the surface it appears
to dart off at a tangent. This appar-

| =
ent displacement Of objects viewed
in two or more media of different
density is due to refraction Of
light. The power a medium has
of bending or refracting a ray of
light is called its index of refrac-
ton. Thus air is considered the
standard of measurement and hae
an index of 100. All other me-
dia are compared to this standard:
Water has a density of refractin
power of about 33 per cent 9oF
than air. Hence its index iss
crown glass a little over so per cent
more, and it's index is 1.52. The
diamond, which has refracting
power greater than any other
known transparent medium, has an
index of 2.4O.
1t is important to remember the
physical laws governing the re-
fraction of light in order to fully
understand that phenomenon of
light known as a mirage. Light
rays passing from a rare to denser
medium are always refracted to-
ward the perpendicular to the sur
face of the denser medium. But
when passing from dense to q
rarer medium they are refracted
away from the perpendicular.
In very hot climates, particular
ly on a tropical desert, and also in
cold polar regions. we may fire.
quently witness that phenomena of
light known as mirage. A mir
age may also occur in temperate
climates, but less frequently. This
is due to the unequal density of
the various layers or strata of air
which lie close to the surface of the
earth. Warm, or heated, air is
less dense than cold air. In des-
ert the warm air is the lowest since
it lies close to the sand which radi-
|ates heat. Higher up the air be-
comes cooler and denser. The re-
aected light from an object on an
elevation, travelling towards the
surface of the earth, must pass
through number of layers of air
which become less and less dense.
And since light passing from q
dense to a rarer medium is re-
fracted away from the perpendicu-
lar, the reflected light from the
elevated object on its way to the
earth becomes more and more par.
allel to the surface, and may be
said to describe very large, gradu-
al curve. At length the light
waves reach what is known as the
critical angle, beyond which refrac-
tion ceases, (Which is readily seen,
since the light rays being nearly
parallel to the surface of the re-
fracting medium cannot emerge).
At this stage refraction changes to
reflection, and the light is reflected
in a contrary direction, and rises
to enter the eye of an observer as
if they proceeded from a point be-
meath the surface of the earth, and
the image invariably appears in
verted.
In polar regions the reverse oc-
ours. There the cold, dense air
lies close to the surface of the earth,
and higher up we find strata of
warmer, rarer air. The reflected
The mirror., 1919-04-24

now being dug without shooting
The economy of this is an open
question between the different op-
orators, when the cost of upkeep
and life of equipment is taken into
consideration. as we'll as the in
creased yardage shovel is able to
dig when material is properly
blasted.
Great economies, both in time
and labor, have been effected by
the use of the three-hundred-ton
shovel. These shovels will dig
cut one hundred and seventy-five
feet wide at the top, one hundred
and twenty-five feet at the bottom,
fifty-six feet deep. Track work is
reduced by about seventy five per
cent. and the grade of coming out
of the pit on all top-cut work is
entirely eliminated.
The large shovel is but one of
the improvements made in equip
ment in recent years. Formerly
the seven-yard car was the standard
size used. Now the twenty-yard
car is in general use, many are U.s.
ing enty-four-yard cars, and the
Oliver Iron Mining Company has
recently tried out thirty-yard
car, which has given very satisfac-
tory results.
Another labor-saver which has
recently been put in use is the Inn
perial tie tamping machine manu-
factured by the Ingersoll- Rand
Company. 1t is made in two sizes,
two and four tool. The four-tool
size will lamp about four hundred
ties in ten hours, and requires the
services of five men to operate. It
will do as much work as thirteen
men with shovels and bars; will
produce a more uniformly tamped
track than hand labor; lamps the
ballast compactly under the tie,
avoiding the formation of water
pockets and reducing subsequent
settlement; the settling of the track
is more uniform. tits also possible
to tamp around frogs and switch
es, where it cannot be properly
done by hand. It is cheaper than
hand, maintains tracks in better
condition, enables heavy trains to
move with greater dispatch and
lessons chances of derailments.
The Jordon dirt spreader is also
used to a considerable extent in
taking care of the waste material
on the dumps. which materially re-
duces the dump gang from that
employed when the old method of
hand shoveling was in use.
Cranes and track-laying ma
chimes are also used in laying and
moving track in sections, thus OBJ
Waiting the necessity of removing
the ties from the rails.
The top of the ore body is very
irregular in many instances, and
for cleanup work the small re-
volving shovel thirty to thirty five
ton model) is most satisfactory.
Scrapers are also used in connec-
tion with this work.
As the larger equipment gradu-
ally replaced the smaller machin-
cry, it became apparent that much
heavier overburden could be re-
moved and a saving effected as
compared to the underground
method of mining. In the early
days it was considered that about
thirty feet was the maximum
depth a mine could be economically
stripped, while at the present time
this overburden is being removed,
in some instances, to as great q
depth as one hundred and fifty
feet-where the thickness and
width of the ore deposit will war
rant. About 10000, 900 tons of
iron ore were shipped last year
from the Mesaba Range. ALI of
this was dug by steam shovels, and
much more could have been pro-
duced had the demand been greater.
The mirror., 1919-04-24
OPEN PIT IRON MINING
Mnnesota's Great Iron Mining Industry the Mesaba
Range Brief Description Of Process
g. II. Clark, in Dw Pomt Magazine

RITllHHE discovery of iron ore
1IE on the Mesaba Range
DM soon convinced the iron
S-Na and steel industry of the
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
TOOK FLING At BOOSTERS
Visitors Suggestion Probably Did Not
Tend to Mako Him Popular
In Los Angeles.

Merle Sidener, local advertising
man, recently returned from a West
ern trip in which he visited the city
of Los Angeles. He was impressed
with the boosting Of the Los Angeles
citizens and said he learned that an
Oregon colonel from Portland was the
guest of honor at a banquet in Los
Angeles. The usual after-dinner
speeches were made, all boosting the
city of Los Angeles, but each speaker
regretted that Los Angeles had not
been founded on the coast. The speak
ers all said that had the city been on
the coast instead of ten miles or so
from 1t, the city would be the garden
spot of the world. The visiting colo
mel was called on to speak and said:
Gentlemen, I am impressed with
your city as much as you are and be-
lieve that I can suggest a way in
which you can accomplish your wish"
All Of the citizens present leaned
forward eagerly, for this was no doubt
the solution that had long been watt
ing for. The colonel continued:
"This is what you should do. Oh.
tain a large pipe, run it from the CEN
ter Of your city into the ocean and If
you can suck as hard as you can blow
the ocean will soonabe in your city,
Indianapolis News.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
On That East Tenth Line.

They were standing around boast
ing about how bad their individual
street car service was. Central said
his was "rottener" than College.
Pennsylvania said Illinois got the best
of the cars, and the best Of service. A
South side man declared the South
side service was the limit. After they
had all had their rounds q little man
who lives on the East Tenth line
sighed and said:
"Of course, we don't speak of it as
skip-stop any longer-we say skip
entirely. But that isn't the worst.
The other morning n of my neigh
bors and I were standing on the back
platform Of sn East Tenth street car.
Well, at Tenth and Sterling streets
the car swayed and bumped so vio-
lently that it jolted a lead pencil out
of the pocket Of my neighbor and"
But the others were gone.-1ndian.
apolis News.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03

last week after spending several
weeks at the home of her daughter,
Mrs. Jake Anderson, near Blabon.
A program and basket social will
be given in Hugo School, No. 1, on
Friday evening, April 18th. Every
body invited.
Clay, Rex and Roxie Brace and
Mrs. Smith attended a party at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Nels Haugen in
Broadlawn Twp. last Friday evening.
Ed Steinke has moved on the VIM.
Krause farm.
Mr.. and Mrs. Nels Gingrey have
moved into town, having spent the
winter on the John Lynn farm.
Mrs. Adolph Lindeman visited at
the E. j. Schuldt farm Friday.
Philip Telegraph arrived in Hope
last week from France, and is visit
ing his sister, Mrs. E. j. Schuldt.
Glen Standby arrived from Miss
ouri last week.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
OBITUARY

Mrs. Flora Kolegraf, e Leesburg,
vas born October Is, 1888 and died
at Hope. N. d. Wednesday evening.
March 26th, 1919.
On November 18th, 1911, she was
married to Joseph Kolegraf. Four
children were born to them, George,
Dorothy, Viola, and Herbert, who sur
'vive to mourn their great loss. She
also leaves to mourns her too early
departure, her bereft husband, her
aged parents, sever brothers and sew
en- sisters, and many other relatives
and a large circle of friends.
The obsequies took place at the
Congregational Church on Saturday
afternoo, March 29th. Interment was
made at the Hope Cemetery.
Mr.. and Kolegraf and family have
the deep sympaty of the community
in their great loss.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
DEPARTING
WORDS TO HIS COUMTRYMEN

Col. Roosevelt died about i O'Clock
on the morning of January 6. The
previous evening at a great patriotic
rally In the New York HippOdrome IL
especially for the occasion. In it was
this striking sentence:
"We have room for but one flag, the
American flag, and this excludes the
red flag, which symboliZes all vars
against liberty and civilization Just as
much as it excludes any foreign flag
of q nation to which we are hostile.
$50 and we have room for but one
soul loyalty, and that is loyalty to the
American people,"
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
OPENING

The Economy Variety and Confec-
tionery Store will be unable to open
their new line of goods to the public
on April 5th, as announced last week,
owing to a delay in the arrival of
their stock. F.. w. Ruppelius, the
proprietor, was prepared for the big
day but his consignment of new
chandise failed to reach him by
freight, thus compelling him to post
pone the date of the opening a week.
He will be ready for the big day on
Saturday, April 18th. Remember the
date.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03

Frank Splett met with a painful
accident the end of last week and as
a result is nursing a number of
bruises and some torn ligatures on
his shoulder. White driving on
the road he met an autc and turned
out to let the car pass, but his horse
became unruly and raj away, throw
ing him out of the buggy with the
above mentioned results. He was
taken to Fargo ana is receiving
treatment in the hospital there.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
Great Reward.

Elsie Janis, who has been in France
for months, among soldiers in training
camps and hospitals, says in the Red
Cross Magazine:
Every soldier to whom I have ever
sung has always been so grateful that
1t has made me feel that although I
can't carry a gun I have been able to
do my bit. Said a little cockney to
me once, when I sympathized with
him on the loss Of his arm, 'Lor' luv'ye,
Miss Janus. 1t might ave been worse.
vi might ave lost me heyesight am
then l shouldn't ave been liable to
see you, MISS
Gould n ask for a greater re-
ward"
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
IRELAND IN

Deep In the trenches, patient, still.
Before Messines the Irish lay,
Whilst flame and thunder from tho hill
Swept down on them by night and day.
Over the parapet like a flood,
Orange and green together go;
The lust of battle in their blood,
They burst upon the astonished foe.
Have at them. gallowglass and kern,
Whose fathers smote the Danish hosts!
Have at them. sinewy sons of Erne,
And men from storied Antrim's coasts!
High up the orange flag is seen
To crown the hard-contested height,
Beside it the immortal green,
q never fell behind in fight.
Orange n green charged side by side,
Resistless as q tidal wave;
For freedom fought, for freedom died.
And sleep within a common grave.
There discord may forever cease;
For not in vain their blood was shed,
II North and South shake hands in peace
Above their consecrated dead.
j. Cuthbert Scott in London Graphic.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
HUGO twp. NOTES

Miss Clara Langager is spending
the week at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs.
P. F. Orn.
Quite a crowd attended the enter
.tainment gwen by pupils in Hugo
School No. 2, last Friday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. P. F. Orn visited at
the John Lindgren home in Blabon
Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tolles Langager and
Mr.. and Mrs. Oscar Lindgren were
entertained at the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. Manual Lindgren, near Blabon,
Sunday.
Mrs. C. E. Elston returned home
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
Praises Arctic Musk OK.

The Arctic musk OK can be domes-
ucated and raised in the Arctic regions
to produce as good wool as domestic
sheep, according to Vilhjalmur Ste
fansson, noted explorer, who is at Fort
Yukon. Alaska, recovering from an at
tack of typhoid fever. This is the
message brought to Seattle from the
explorer by Peter c. Lepetich, gold
prospectOr, who came to the States to
enter the military service. Lepetich
says Stefansson intends to go to Nome,
Alaska, to board his ship for another
trip into the UNEMPLOYED Arctic regions,
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1919-04-03
Appropriate Name.

As he polished his customers boots
the bootblack pulled at the end Of a
cigar. Thinking to have a little fun
at the youths expense, the customer
asked him IL he always smoked cigars.
"Oh, yes. pretty Often" declared the
youth. .
what brand do you generally
smoke" was the next question.
Robinson Crusoe, SIR" zane the re-
ply.
The customer pondered awhile.
II never heard Of that brand" he
said.
ITS a name I've given 'em myself"
said the youth. "You see, guv'nor, old
Nus0e was a castaway"