davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
CLEVELAND AND WILSON.
Acts Of Two Presidents In Like Cir.
cumstances Contrasted.

To THE EDITOR OF The SuN-Str: Dur
ing the first term Of the late Grover
Cleveland in the White House tragedy
occurred at Memphis in this state which
exsnnplified in the strongest terms the
respect and loyalty which Mr.. Cleveland
bore TO the limitation OF the constitu-
tional powers of tho President. as wisely
provided by the founders Of our republi-
can form of government.
During the period indicated, ono Cap
tain King. because OF remarks dsroga-
tory to him employed in . court argu-
ment by David r. Poston, q prominent
lawyer OF Memphis, became go incensed
at Mr.. Poston that he deliberately shot
him TO death, and after duo trial Of
Captain King he was convicted of muir
der and sentenced to death In the State
courts of Tennessee. Mrs King In her
President Cleveland. urging him to exert
his influence as President with the then
Governor, Buchanan, OF Tennessee. that
clemency might be exercised to save the
life of her husband.
President Cleveland, however, ad-
dressed a very kind and courteous letter
to Mrs. King in reply. stating that while
he sympathised greatly with her in her
distress, inasmuch as King had been
tried In q State court for a Stateoof-
fence he could not see how he could
properly attempt to influence the Gov
ernor of Tennessee touching a matter
which was strictly within the functions
OF the Governors rights and powers.
sN.t.
land. however, I note the act OF Presi-
dent Wilson, which when placed in lux
Opposition with that OF President Cieve-
land accentuates the fact that Presi-
dent Wilson very recently took Il upon
himself to appeal to Governor Kifby OF
Alabama, urging the Governor to exer-
else clemeney iD/behalf OF a prisoner in
that State who had been duly convicted
Of murder under the laws OF Alabama
While I have always supported the
Democratic ticket when could con-
sistently do SO. have never supported
socialistlc or communicate doctrines OF
Ideas. no matter what party advocated
them. and I verify believe that more
Bolshevism and anarchy turks within
them than In any other isms Of the pres
ent day. and I am convinced that nine
out Of ten Of the political IDEAS advanced
by our latter day politicians are no,
only not progressive. but are reactIonary
In the extreme, as progress IL the result,
OF conservatism and not radicalisrn.
Rugged old Grover Cleveland when
President would never play politics in
Office. and he had a backbone as big
as the mast Of a ship. and furthermore
I'D recognized the fact that the founders
OF our republican form OF government,
never designed or intended that the
President. per Sc. should rule this coun-
try by holding the appointments to Fed.
eral office over the heads OF Senator,
and Representatives In order to force
and coerce them TO yield to his will
II this can be done with impunity, ".
rad as we'll abolish those coordinate
branches OF our Government-the senats
and House. CI-AnENcs T. WALKER.
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. March I.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Government Operation Lessons.

1t might be that the failure Of Con.
gress to provide the funds needed by
the Director General of Railways will
result in landing the roads sooner
than was expected back in the hands
Of their owners. The banks and In
vestors are bound to help the roads
out. The roads are bound to 60 on
giving service. The public Is bound
to sit up and take notice.
When the Government wac obli-
gated to provide the funds and didn't,
when the roads, in spite Of all the
burdens piled upon them by the Gov
eminent, were compelled TO finance
themselves. everybody would be i'm
pressed with the fact that there was
mighty little use of Government
financier that didn't finance, while,
on the other hand, the Government
operator did run UP the expenses Of
the roads billion dollars a year and
correspondingly swelled the freight
bills which the public must pay.
But if the natural development of
this situation should send the roads
back to their owners within several
months instead Of years. that outcome
might be regrettable from at least one
point Of view. In the last year and
two months the American people have
learned out Of bitter experience more
and solder truths about Government
ownership than they ever could have
learned out OF theories. But maybe
for their own good, maybe for the
fixing Of those truths on a lasting
foundation, they haven't yet learned
enough. They know how bad the SER
vice Is They know how much more Il
costs They know what little interest
the rank ana flle Of railway employ.
ees now take in the public, the pub
lies business, or the railways welfare.
They know that the touch Of the Gov
ernment on this great business enter
prise--the greatest business enterprise
in the country-is the touch Of death.
But we all easily forget our troubles
when they are over. Perhaps the best
thing that could happen would be for
us to have full dose of this Govern
ment operation until the country just
couldn't stand any more.
Government management Of our
railways. in truth, disast as It has
been to the roads, costly as it has been
to the public and damnlng as it has
been TO Government operation. has
been not an unmixed evil, because of
all we have learned in that year and
two months. How much more could
we not learn in twice or thrice that
time. How lightly the memory of II
might stick to US when there were
new calls for Government operation
from the dreamers that are always
with us, peace or war. success or
failure.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The War Helped Some.

Comptroller CRAIG is entitled TO all
the satisfaction he can extract from
the increase In the city's unpledged
debt mourning capacity from S18.550,-
600 on January I, 1918, to $50, 200, 900
on March l, 1919, and we do not ques-
ton his statement that all through
last year he constantly exerted his
efforts to bring about an Improvement
in the debt limit Of the city,; but in
reading the satisfactory figures he has
submitted to the Board Of Estimate II
must not be forgotten that 1918 was
not normal year as regards NUM-
cipal expenditures.
BY the end Of 1917 the restraints
on non-war enterprises had become
effective and the Federal Government
had put heavy hand on all projects
that did not contribute Immediately
to beating Germany. The commodi-
ties produced in the United States
were going TO Europe and not into
city betterments; the country's money
was controlled by Washington that It
might BE used fer' the army and the
fleet building, except for Government
war purposes, was severely restricted.
Labor was not to be had. The pro-
ducers of the United States were
working for Uncle SAM and not for
Father KNIcKERBocKER. These facts
unauestionably had great deal to do
with the increase Of the city debt mar
gin in 1918.
THE Sun hopes Mr.. CRAIG will con-
tinue to conserve the city's resources,
and In March, 1920, be able to show rs
large an increase in the debt margin
as he has shown this year.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Possible Awful Results OF the Bour-
geOis Strike.

Germany is desperately trying every
social, political and economical trick
to steady her badly rocking ship of
state, and one Of these will excite
widespread interest: The bourgeois
of Leipzig are reported to be on strike
In rivalry with striking laborers.
The bourgeois Of any country fur
nish the capital, the energy and the
brains needed to supply employment
and wages for labor, and 1t may he
that many Of them in many countries
have wondered now and then ut their
forbearance in not striking to compel
public recognition, even II not com
mendation, of the long hours they
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Facts About UnsmpIoy msut.

According to the review of business
and Industrial conditions in February
prepared by the Federal Reserve
Board there have been numerous un-
ofiicial reports OF labor unemployment,
but "the reports of Federal agents
show that there has probably thus
far been oyeranxiety and exaggera-
ton with respect to this matter" The
review continues:
From several OF the manufacture
Ing districts OF the Federal Reserve
system It Is reported that labor con-
ditlons are far from satisfactory,
and that there Is considerable unem-
ployment; but IL is also noted that
tho condition does not seem to have
grown worse during February.
The process of absorbing unem-
ployed labor Is certainly proceeding
with some degree Of success.
while the existence of une mploy-
ment is admitted by most OF tho
Federal Reserve agents, It appears
that the surplus of labor is smallest
IN the South and Southwest. while In
only very few districts is 1t report
ed that serious labor controversies
are in progress
The labor situation will not be i'm,
proved by "overanxiety and exaggera.
ton" Tntsead Of helping men out OF
work, unnecessary alarm will hurt
them. If everybody gets frightened
conditions will become worse' ins.cad
Of better; scared community Is not
going 10 get back to normal prosper
ity as soon MS community that keeps
its head and knows the facts.
A good many well mean ming hut nm,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The Sun Calendar
THE WEATHER.
MINIATURE ALMANAC.
Standard Time.
ses. .,,..s.2i A NJ sun eets. ID ~ T

MINIATURE ALMANAC.
standard Time.
Sun rises A NJ sun eets. .s' N
Moon sets.......b:3A AN
Eastern New York, fair to-day; 10.
morrow threatening. probably followed
by rain or snow; no change In tempera-
ture; gentle variable winds.
New Jersey. fair to-day; tomorrow
threatening, probably followed by rain; no
change In temperature; gentle easterlE
winds.
Northern New England, partly cloudy TO-
day: tomorrow threatening. probably To-
lowed by rain or snow; not much change III
Southern New England. fall. today; TO.
morrow threatening, probably followea nE
rain or snow; no change in tempsraturs'
western New York, fair to-day; to-mor-
row threatening. with probably snow.
WASHINGTON. March THE pressur.
Is high over nearly all parts Of the count count,
except over Texas and the south ROCKY
Mountain region. to which districts storm
plateau region. II IL attended by wide
spread oloudiness through the Gulf and
isntie s coast s Mh . r on over the plain.
States and the southern Rocky Mountains
and southern plateau regions: Rains nave
local SHOWS In in the Upper Mississippi valley
and the region OF the great lakes Ths
temperature has risen over. the Mississippi!
Valley and all districts east thereof except
on the southern Atlantic coast ara u has
fallen somewhat in the southern Rocky
Mountain region. Temperatures aes near
the normal for tho season In practically
all parts of the country. In the middle A.
lanuo and New England States the weather
will be fair Saturday and become unsettled
Sunday and be followed by rains in the
middle Atlantic States without mater
change in temperature. In the south Al
lantIc States cloudy weather Saturday wi
be followed by rain Saturday night ana
sunday with mild temperature. In IN"
east Gulf States, Tennessee and Lower ONO
Valley there will be rain Saturday followed
by clearing and colder weather on Sunda!:
In the Upper Ohio Valley and the region OF
the great lakos generally fair weather Sat
urday will be followed by rain or snow
Sunday. with no decided change in tenn
perature.
Observations taken at United states weather
Bureaus at J.. N. yesterday. sevcnty'hfth
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The theory that the United States

The theory that the United States
collier Cyclops may have turned turtle
because of shifting cargo, advanced
by our correspondent whose letter we
print elsewhere on this page, is plau-
sible: but II she sank in the manner
described. why has no wreckage been
found? The navy has searched the
sea through which she was steaming,
the State Department has had our
consular representatives continuously
on the lookout for some evidence OF the
ships loss. but not a raft, not a boat.
not life preserver has been reported.
This absence OF wreckase contributes
not q little to tho mystery of the
Cyclops.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
THE FATE OF THE CYcLOPS.
with Cargo Improperly Slowed She
Might Have Turned Turtle.

To THE EDITION OF THE SuN-Str,
cannot resist the impulse to sive you q
theory regarding the collier Cyciops.
This vessel was loaded with ore, and
vessel OF its construction, that Is the
type OF construction OF a collier! is OF
necessity a topheavy vessel.
II the cargo had not been properly
trimmed n shifting of the cargo would
cause a listing OF the vessel. and II the
vessel listed beyond approximately 80
degrees it would most certainly turn
turtle and sink like n piece OF lead.
Ut is my opinion that such a turning.
assuming shifting of cargo, could hap
pen very quickly, and when say quickly
mean a matter OF few moments only.
JOHN B. KIRKMAN.
, Nxw yor.ASIarch =.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
GET 1883 FOREIGN MEDALS.
Yankees Are Honored by Several
Nations mt Front.

PARIS, March 6.-Foreign medals TO
the number OF e.ss3 had been awarded
TO members OF the American Expedl-
tionary Force up TO February 20, &C
oording TO a compilation made by the
Stars and Stripes
or this number 5000 were French
war crosses, sixty-one medals OF the
Legion OF Honor. 1874 the Military Medal
and nlnety-eight the Honneur des Epi-
demles The British decorations totalled
SIS, including l54 Military Crosses and
ISL Military Medals
Belgium decorated 5T1 members OF
the expeditionary force and Italy Ave.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
ASK THE TwENTY-SEvENTH.
New York's Returning Sons Know II
Americans Fought a. In . Dream.

To THE BpIroR OF TIE srN--str: The
President tells US the American soldier
fought as in a dream, that he went over
for an ideal--that OF saving humanity
and other ideal things; that tho Ameri-
cans want his League of Nations
Tho Twenty-seventh is homo to-day.
They fought. they bled. why not take
n straw vote TO show what they fought
for. why they went over. how they
fought. IL they want Wilson's League
of Nations?
They are New York's own. and The
Sun Tobacco Fund helped them night
Now let them prove or disprovs the
Presidents words. words, words.
NEW YORK, March Z. I. l.. Know.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

General O'RIAN's order TO the
Twenty-seventh Division when It was
brigaded with the British, that III the
gun team cannot remain here alive
1t will remain here dead, but in any
case it will remain here. Should
any man attempt TO surrender he will
remain here-dead," deserves place
with the great military messages Of all
time. NELSON'S at Trafalgar. PERRY's at
Lake Erie, GRANTS at Fort Donelson.
PrrAIN's at verdun and BUNDY's at
Chateau Thierry.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
BELGIAN TOWNS ASK AID.
Nerve and Battice Furnished First
Victims of Foe,

BRussE1s, March deputy Minaudy
of the Belgian Chamber has sent a pc
tition to Brand Whitlock. the American
Minister, for transmission 20 President
Wilson, appealing 10 American gensro--
lily for the towns OF Hervo and Battice,
In the Liege region. which localities fur
n!shed the flrst victims of the German
atrocities of 1914.
These two towns are declared TO have
been the greatest sufferers in Belgium.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

To the Lady of New York Harbor
certain recent events must prove puz-
sling. The fact that the outgoing
George Washington one day and the
incoming Leviathan another are both
pees ships by righAssA tho. uasserrsYs
they carry Is not appary..i: there is
distinction between winning and max
ing peace.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
UNDER FIVE FLAGS.
First Step In InternationAlism Taken
by the Post once.

To THE EDITOR OF THE suS-Sir. The
rost ofice Department announces that
the new three cent Victory stamps will
bear the American. British. French. Bel
gian and italian fags. This Is our first
step into internationalism-
or what avail Is all tho agitation for
"Ono Flag. One Languse--America's,"
wien the Government on oficial matter
waves fve fiags?
BY what right has such action been
taken" An AMERICAN.
NEW YoRK. March 7.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT.


oklahoma. the Land OF Now" BY Elias
W. Thompson. Educational Alliance. 10
East Broadway. Stsreopticon Views
"currsnk Events" by Nelson T. Mead
Ph. D., OF collegs CITY OF New York. New
York Public Library, Hamilton Grange
Branch, sos W. ltSth street.
woman Through the Eyes OF a satir.
is.," one OF course on "OlAssio and Mod
ern Drama" by Frederick PAuldinE, v. n
c. A.. Harlem Branch, West i2Sth stree
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

When the Bolshevid apply for a
loan from he United States, probably
they will recommend their notes as
a good investment because. having re-
pudiated Russia's debt, they will have
no prior obligations to meet.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Colonies.

within the League OF Nations
Great Britain's strength We note.
Each colony 10 counted
A country with q vote
Retain a.proper calm,
For there more dominions
Beyond the pine ana palm.
BY tVo far lands We peopisd
We claim two votes as well,
BY Yanks We sent TO Heaven
And Huns We sent to He'll.
MCLANpBrEGn VII SON.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Tho Practical ADVANTAGE.

Washington was hailed as the father OF
his country.
"Can 7 claim sscs tax exemption for
each one2" he asked.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Peril. of the p,ou. in Oklahoma.

From the Enid Events.
Y Mr.. ana Mrs. Gilbert and family started
to Olive Chapel Church Sunday morning
and got stuck 30 they had TO go back and
get the team to pull them out. so they
misssd a hne sermon.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
Toastins tho ladies.

From the CodtsuiHs Herald
Coda and Ruby Larkin entertained .
member Of girls at their homo with a VIM
ME roast and marshmailow toast one eve
ming this week. All went homo with burnt
tongues and fingers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
SWISS RECOGNIZE
JUGO-SLAV KINGDOM
They Take No Cognizancs Of
Formal Boundaries.

PARIS, March THE Juso-slav oom
mittee in Paris informed tho Associated
Press to-day that tho Swiss Govern
ment had officially recognized the king
dom OF the Serbs, Croatians and Slovenes.
The Swiss Government did not recos
nize any formal boundaries, pending tho
decision OF the Peace Conference.
WARSAW, March THE newspapers
to-day publish the letter of stsphe>
Pichon, French Minister OF Foret9r
Affairs notifying Premier Paderewski
OF the recognition of the Aolish Govern
ment by France. In ..e letter NJ.
pichon. after referring to tho historic
bond OF friendship between Poland and
France, says:
In no country was recognition o-
your nation. after It's long martyrdom,
more hoped for than In France"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

There arc some incredulous souls
who win not really believe that peace
has come until they can get the time
Of day from the telephone central
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

Tho decision OF President Wilson 10
attend the Peace Conference, however,
necessitated a delay and Edward r
Stettinius. who was then in France as
the personal representative OF the Score
tary of War, was entrusted with the
negotiations looking to tho disposition
of the vast quantities Of building ma
terial and other equipment not OF a
strictly military nature which had been
concentrated for the army in France,
When Mr.. Stettinius returned some
weeks ago Is reported satisfactory
progress in MS negotiations with the
French and other Governments, but
there remain many questions which must
be decided by the Secretary, who has
felt that he could expedite this entire
matter by his personal attention TO II in
Europe.
The War Secretary hopts TO /, able
to complete all the work that lies before
him In France in three weeks and get
back TO Washington by the middle Of
May. While he IL overseas Benedict
Crowell. First Assistant to Mr.. Baker.
win act as Secretary OF War.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The Internationalised Orb.

Old soi--AceordinE TO tho League OF
Nations. shall l rise in tho east or the
vest.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The Flute Has IN. I'm.

From tao EddypiIls Bsfsvprtss
Music for the dance Friday night may
eauss It's postponsment. owing 10 part OF
the orchestra being sick.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

Robins, round and otherwise, are
harbingers this year of spring and
other conditions besides.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
The Modern Version.


A SASS Of sody underneath the bouEh.
A slug OF fudge. a Rollo book and Thou
Knitting beside me IN the Wilderness
o Wilderness we're -rch!e.-h er9w.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08
nant md their support Of It cannot

'"hl uhu tucir support OF IL CHuHOt
be assumed except, in some cases, In
negative way. The thirty-nine Sen
ntors who signed the pledge did some
thing positive. something that sprang
from the confidence of men who had no
uncertainty about the temper Of their
constituents. These Senators are not
striving for the adulation Of a very
wide world. Not more than n half
dozen of them, We fancy, have ambi-
lions above serving their country by
the way of serving their own States |;
and Il Is the people of these States
that they considered when they
pledged themselves not to consent TO
the abrogatlon of Americas right to
go her own magnificent way. That
there arc other Senator's, whose
names have not been attached to the
pledge, but who are as firmly set
against the subverslon of our ideals,
Is certain. REED of Missouri and
THOMAS Of Colorado are not on the
written pledge, yet both of these de-
clared, in speeches made in this city
on Thursday night, that they could
not support the League project in It's
present form. As It IL, there are
eleven States, with a population of
80, 100000, where both Senators have
pledged themselves in writing; and
these are States the general intelli-
gence OF whose Inhabitants certainly
needs no defence. These States are:
New York. Pennsylvania,
New Jersey. Connecticut,
Maine, New Hampshire,
Vermont. Michigan,
Illinois, Indiana,
West Virginia
But, the supporters OF the Wilson
covenant may object, there are twenty
States none of whose Senators have
signed the pledge. True, and here are
the names Of these States:
Alabama. Nebraska.
Arizona. Nevada,
Arkansas. North Carolina,
Florida, Oklahoma,
Georgia. Oregon.
Kentucky. Rhode Island.
Louisiana. South Carolina.
Minnesota. Tennessee.
Mississippi. TexaA
Montana, Virginia.
Twelve Of these twenty States, II
will be observed, form the solid South.
Nearly all their statesmen, thanks to
the generosity Of an Administration
Of thoroughly Southern sympathies,
expressed practically in tax laws
which do not painfully affect the
South, are In Mr.. WILSON'S pocket.
1t may have been from these states
men, dropping in for patronage, that
the President gained his remarkable
notions Of the stand of the American
people on the subject Of his covenant.
We prefer the judgment Of the Sen.
ators who must answer to other and
less favored constituencies.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-03-08

1t may be objected by Mr.. WILSON'S
supporters that not in every State
named did both Senator's sign the
pledge. Well. the Senator's whose
names are absent did not pledge them
rc!res 20 vote for Mr. WILSON'S cove