davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jewish monitor. (Fort Worth-Dallas, Tex.) 191?-1921, 1919-08-01


leadership of other liberals among
his successors a division occurred,
and there arose liberal and reform
ed school among them, which grew
in number as the conditions for their
assimilation with the local environ
ment became more favorable and they
were relieved from the forced exclu-
siveness and misery of the Ghetto.
Two Jewish Tongues.
The speech Of the Jews has had an
interesting history. Hebrew, Aram-
aic, Greek, Arabic, and all European
languages were from time to time
spoken by them. Finally, in their
wanderings, there grew up two n.y.
brid mediums-one the Yiddish, or
Jargon, and the other the Ladino.
The former, which has an extern
sive literature, is based on the medi-
eval German, but is written in the
Hebrew characters and is mixed with
Hebrew and influenced by the verna-
cular 1t is used by the Ashkenazim,
or German Jews of northern and east
ern Europe.
The latter, the Ladino, or Spaniel,
is Spanish in its basis and mixed with
Hebrew and Turkish. 1t is used by
the Sephardim, or the Spanish Jews,
and has been carried by them to At
RIGA, Turkey, Bulgaria, Serbia, and
Greece.
Recurring now to the history of the
race after the second dispersion: In
Rome, after the Christian era, Jews
and Christians flocked in great num-
bers. In the chaos of skepticism, re-
ligions, and PHILOSOPHERS, there was a
cult among some of the Romans that
led them to embrace Judaism; but
generally the Jews were exclusive, un-
expensive, and contemptuous of other
religions. They were especially hos
tile to the Christians, whom they re-
garded as traitors to their race for
failing them in the wars of Vespasian
and Titus, and whom they did not
hesitate to accuse of many shortcom-
ings in order to stir up Roman hos
tility against them.
The Long, Dark Night of Jewish
History.
The Christians differed from the
Jews in that they were most active
missionaries, and they thus brought
down on their heads prosecutions
which were directed nominally against
both Jews and Christians but the
seventies of which the Jews were
able to escape.
The result of this situation in Rome
and elsewhere placed the Jews at n
great disadvantage when the Roman
Empire became Christian under Con-
stantine, and from that time on, in
one form or another, we find constant
Christian persecution of the Jews.
In tn long, dark Jewish night, af-
ter Christianity became the creed Of
the Roman emperors, down to the
nineteenth century, there were only
two or three countries and compara-
lively short periods in which the Jews
enjoyed tolerance, prosperity, and
power and were able to develop the
genius Of their race.
In the eighth century Charlema-
gne, correctly estimating their value
as subjects of his empire, granted
them tolerance in religion and encour-
aged them in the development of n
The Jewish monitor. (Fort Worth-Dallas, Tex.) 191?-1921, 1919-08-01

cessor, Louis the Pious, continued his
fathers wise and kindly treatment Of
them.
Ito be continued.)
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Rubber
importers Look for I'm
proceed Demand for
Crudc Rubber

The crude rubber market here yea
terdsy was quiet but firm. According
to cable reports The London market de
elined Id, With ribbed smoked nheei 5
quoted AZ .bd md lnteN pale crepe Mt
214d Crude rubber importera believe
that an improved demand viii be noted
early this month. During February
there was an increase in the amount
Of crude imported, One large rubber
goods manufacturing concern received
IN one February shipment 300 tons Of
crude, the largest single consignment
reaching this country since the war re
strictions were removed
AS more than rs per cent of the rub
ber consumed in the United States
goes into the manufacture of tires,
particularly those for automobile ser
vice, considerable interest is taken by
the rubber trade in the number Of
motor vehicles likely to be made this
year.
Last years automobile production
was almost three quarters of a million
cars below the normal demands of the
market The production figures for
1917 show that about 100000 motor
vehicles were manufactured. In 1918
the production was about 1,150.0OO
vehicles. The number of cars to be
produced IN 1919 is the question that
holds interest. While in some sections
IT is reported that this will be record
breaking year for the car makers, in
point of the number of vehicles turned
out. Information coming from authori-
tative sources tends to indicate that
the 1917 mark may not be equalled.
Taking the figures for 1917 as
basis, an idea may be gained of the
important part that the tire industry
plays in the crude rubber market. In
that year $3.50 per cent of the crude
rubber consumed in the United States
went into the manufacture of pneu-
matte castings and tubes; S.19 per cent
was use for solid tires, and 1926 per
cent was used for other tires and tire
sundrics. Thus a total Of 1926 per
cent was converted to the tire bust
ness During the third quarter of 1918
the tire industry used 1892 per cent
Of the crude rubber consumed in this
country.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Large Export Sale
OF Cocoanut Oil
Neutral Countries take Adyall.
tage of Opportunity to Buy
Lard Substitutes

One Of the largest sales of Cochin
cocoanut oil for export recorded in
recent months was reported yesterday
The transaction involved 1000 tons of
the oil, which is used for the manu-
facture of margarine and as a sub
stitute for lard, and was for immedi-
ate delivery to neutral European
country.
Up to the present the neutral coun-
tries of Europe have been rationcd in
the matter Of many essentials, includ-
ing vegetable oils, and they have been
forced to pay for high priced lard
meanwhile being prevented from buy
ing edible vegetable oils which they
could have used in the manufacture
Of lard substitute at great saw
ing. The sale reported yesterday in
.dicates a change in policy and followe
the War Trade Boards announcement
that vegetable oils to be used for tech
nlcal purposes are in the future re-
leased to neutral countries.
The announcement by the French
Commi ission of the removal Of import
and export restrictions on many com
modties is expected to revive consid.
erably private trading with that coun-
try. Up TO the present commercial in
tercourse has been under Covernmen,
supervision. The French are in need
Of fertilizer materials, such as sui
phate of ammonia and sulphur, ns
we'll as sulphate of copper which IL
used for spraying in the agricultural
industry
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Textiles
Retailers Are .SIo,U il,
Replenishing Cotton
Goods Stocks

BUSINESS in cotton goods continues
OF small volume. Jobbers are deferring
purchases until the present uncertainty
about price levels gives evidence of
vanishing. Retail dealers. who are
doing good trade, are said to be short
OF desirable stocks. but rather than
repenish their stocks, but rather than
vel known goods they prefer TO let
their shelves stand bare or to buy on
n piecemeal basis Commission men
selling finished fabrics say outputs nrc
being curtniled and that the South
VIII be successful in i,s efforts TO re
strict the cotton acreage this year.
lhese two forces it Is nrguod. tend to
lmpnti strength TO the price situation.
Most of the selling ngenta nesert THAT
'hey arc sitting tight so far m
prcoR arc concerned.
few houaes reported small ordcrs
from South America ycsicrdny, pnrtic-
nnrly Venezuela. II WAS stated, too
that rapid progress is being made in
disposng Of the governmental nurnlus
stocks OF cotton goods TO foreign coun.
tries.
Trade in unfinished goUds was light
hrokers IN gray goods indicated that
prices tended to work. lower but mill
men say such Is not the case. and that
rather than cut under present levels
they prefer to fotogo doing business.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
British, Bills
Bring Higher
Interest Rate

J. + Morgan & Co. fiscal agents of
tho British government, 1T was learned
yestefdhy, raised the ihtcrest rate on
this week'a offering In this market Of
british Treasury bills from b 10 + "a
per cent, The per cent rate, Tbs
owest at which the bills have been
Hold since the offerings we're begun in
1917. had been effective since the clos
ing week Of January. This week =
Offering was the usual amount of about
Sl5OOO,00O, with the customary three
months maturity. I he bills we're
taken by Wall Street banks
Bankers expressed the opinion that
the increase in the rate on the British
bills was an indication of the general
hrming up of the local money market
situation in the face of the impending
Victory Liberty Loan operation in April
interest rates on commercial borrow
lngs have hardened and the commercial
paper market has been definitely estab-
ilshed upon , q per cent basis.
When the British government first
began borrowing in this market. in
1917, through the sale of three months
bills, the rate was 5A per cent. Sub
sequently, as money frightened, the rate
was advanced to 51a per cent. then to
5A and later to 6. During 1918 up to
December % the rate was maintained
at the per cent level, the first break
coming on that date, when the rate
fell to 51a. ' 'f''
In January, when money became
plentiful, the rate dropped still lower.
to 5 per cent, which has been in force
until the current week.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01

Protection for the newly established
form of an import embargo is advo-
Gated by leaders in the chemical trade.
H. d. Ruhm, Of the firm of Marden,
Orth e. Hastings, large manufacturers
and distributors of chemicals, would
have such an embargo remain in force
at least one year, perhaps two, but al
low sufficient imports to make up the
deficiency between the present output
Of American producers and the coun-
try's normal requirements of potash.
The constant threat that large sup
plies Of German and Japanese potash
will be available as soon as unrestricted
international trade has been reestab-
lished,' said Mr.. Ruhm yesterday, "has
eXerted q retarding influence on the
growth of this industry in America.
Producers, handicapped by the high
cost of materials from which potash
salts are extracted, have shown little
inclination to increase their output
beyond what was required to meet the
immediate needs of consumers.
"1f they had assurance that this in
FAINT industry would be protected long
enough to find its legs and enter the
race against foreign competition, all
interests would be benefited and the
industry itself placed on a firm basis.
Therefore, l believe that an embargo,
effective for a year, or, better still, two
years, should be placed against the i'm
portation Of potash into this country.
Such demands as cannot be filled by
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Large Tonnage in
South American Trade
American Controlled Vessels
Now in That Service
Number 268

Two hundred and sxty-eight vessels,
aggregating a deadweight tonnage of
1,l03,921, all American controlled. are
now operating in the South American
trade. These figures arc given by the
United States Shipping Board, and the
vessels supplement considera BILE
amount of privately controlled ship
ping.
OF the Shipping Board feet repre-
serted in the trade, 70 vessels. of
which 40 are under the American flag.
are running to the west coast. and so
vessels, of which 46 are American flag
steamers. are in the east coast trade.
virtually all of this service has been
provided since the ending of hostilities.
ana 1t is being further increased as
shlps are released from army and navy
uses.
The largest fleet of vessels under
control of the Shipping Board is now
engaged in the carrying of oil. All
told, there are 1873 of these vessels. ag-
gregating 1,232,377 dcadweight tons. of
which 43 vessels of 375,70O tons are
bringing oil from Tampico Tuxpam
and other Mexican ports; SO vessels of
3ol,422 tons are in the Atlantic Gulf
ports trade, and the others are en-
gagged IN the West Indies, South Amer
lcan, Pacific, coastwise, French. British
Italian and Far East service.
The Shipping Board now controls
l,698 steamers and sailing vessels. ag
gregatlng 9158'791 deadweiGht tons.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
The Tribune's Page Of News $%%%$
Silks
February Sales of Silks
Exceed Those Of
January

Orders for silks we're booked by
leading manufacturers yesterday in
keeping with the pleasing volume of
business done throughout the month
of February. Buying covered. a vari-
ETY. of lines, but orders for fancy silks
predominated.
Some concerns reported that many
of the larger visiting buyers had left
the city for the week end, but renewed
activity is expected the fore part of
next week. Statesmen for some of the
more important manufacturers stated
that numerous retail dealers from
small Western cities had appeared at
the show rooms to place fair sized
orders.
While figures showing the volume of
not available yesterday, estimates made
buying had surpassed that of January
this year as we'll as February a year
ago. The price situation is strong, and
even the jobbers of medium priced
goods, with whom supplies have been
burdensome. are reported to have dis
posed of a good portion of their stocks
A little more interest was shown in
thrown silk yesterday, this material
being raw silk that has been tfisted
and doubled preparatory to being woven
into manufactured silk
American manufacturers bought raw
silk quite literally yesterday. and the
price Of the standard grade advanced
10 cents pound. Desirable grades
Of the raw material are scarce.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Advance in TricOtine
Matter of Mechanics

Why tricotine. n fine twilled all
worsted fabric, is now higher in price
than it was q year ago was explained
yesterday by the selling agent for Il
prominent mill which makes high
grade material in this line. According
to this man fine trcotne properly
should be made of worsted yarn com
monty known in the trade as SOS. NJ ost
of the serge family of fabrics to which
the trcotine belongs can be made Of n
coarser yarn. 40s or less. 1t Is easier
for the spinning mill to make d0s than
1t Is Cos. With weaving mills begin
ming operations the spinning mills
have booked all the business they cnn
handle and in order to make IA few
Of the Dos rs possbio they have placed
the price remarkably high. On the
yarn market nov worsted d0s bring
about $3.50 ~ pound, while b0s nre
$2,75. Normally the 5os are priced
only : or 10 ceats higher thnn the
tOs. The increasel cost OF the yarn
forces the weaving mill to charge more
for the finished fabric
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
TELEPHONES:
Beeknan 8243
Beekman 5000
Com IN dities
[ II d u S striaI


Heavy Southern selling. PROMPTED bv
PRESIDENT Wilson's statement regard
lng eontinuation of the embargo on
COTTON shipments TO Europe until after
!. formal declaration of peace, and con-
using reroits concerning possible leg
'siauon affecting the futures markets
caused sharp break IN cotton yester-
Gay IN the late trading. Nav
contracts sold off from 21.97c to
2l.loc and closed at 2l.l9c. with the
general list closing barely steady at a
net decline Of 5S to 90 points.
The market made fairly steady
showing at the start First nrices
were to "a points lower in response
to the reactionary tendency Of ihe late
Liverpool cables, unfavorable renorts
from New England mill points and the
circulation of two or three additional
March notices.
Late reports from the South attribut-
ed part OF the selling to expectation
OF the ginning figures to the census
bureau on March 20. Exports for the
day were 40,773 bales. making 2.925,777
80 Tar tins season, against 2,766. .531 last
year. Southern spot markets. as Off
claliy reported. were IS points lower to
90 points higher.
The local market for spot cotton was
quiet and sc points lower at 26c for
mlddiing upland. compared with 26 90c
ne day before and 32.70c the year be-
'ore. Spot sales amounted to 100
bales.
The ranpe of nricas fol1o,
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Colors
Orders for Paint on Tic
Increase. " uh South
1ctire Ituyer

Wi'h 'he opening up of sptinx busj.
hess fer tha paint trade, ma 40 fast,,,ets
~ aty pigment col1ts Afs yetoaipg
ine'ehsei orders from paisl makers
sll OVER tha rountfy. pot withdrawing
thst pfie"s are high PAIN salsetnyii,
VII" have been ou The ,o1d fof several
weekH. ara nov aandinn ~ subsiasti i
orders. Dealers afs fsplsniahinp
their atoehH, which we're p,lmltiad -
run los last year while Iew panlihp
WaH deferred BECAUSE of the scarcity
~ labor or beeanae of a deaife on Tho
tart Of eonauunrs 20 await n more
Favorable TINA befufs undertaking u~ n
construction of making NECESSARY re-
pairs,
Leading paint manufacturers daslaye
that tbs building strike has net sfa
feeted their business. Orders sf. a.
pselally heavy from the routh. yhafe
consumers are prosperous and Aga
erecting new buildings and fsBeyAiing
fba old ones,
Manufacturing problems srs ths only
sges that confront tha Iiduatry ~
Hfsssnt, The price NJ raw matsrisls
j. higher than ever, and labor eondis
flens afs unsettled, Jhs iattsy egn-
ditseH III. expected 10 bs Iemedisd in
tha aeaF futufs.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Furs
Manufacturers MOre Fur
Goods Freely at Salts
factory Prices

Improved labor conditions in the fur
industry have resulted in stronger
feeling throughout the trade Man
ufacturers report that they have been
able to move large quantities of fur
goods at satisfactory prices and re-
tallers have met with no difficulty in
clearing their racks, thus placing
themselves in a position to take on new
merchandise for the summer season.
In describing the present market
condition Charles S. Porter, president
Of the New York Fur Auction Sales
Corporation, said yesterday the situa-
tion IN the fur trade is unusual in
that all varieties of furs are in de-
mand.
At present there is strong inquiry
for summer furs, with mink being
looked upon as q leader for the com
ing season. Hudson Bay sable, mole.
fisher and the foxes are also in de-
mand.
In commenting on the import situ
alton Mr.. Porter declared that he
now had on the way shipments of
skins from Australia and South Amer
lea. Consignments from South Amer
lea have been delayed, he said, be-
cause of the strike of stevedores in
Argentina.
Shipments of fur skins from abroad
in appreciable quantities cannot be
expected before next June or july. in
the opinion of Charles F. Wagner. a
large importer of furs. Mr.. Wagner
declared that there is no shortage of
goods among the American fur mer-
chants and that business in general is
in excellent shape. He said that
merchandise sold at retail in Jan
uary provided a good criterion of the
demand next fall. In this respect. he
said, there is every indication that
the short timmmed coat will be in
vogue next fall and winter
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Business Money

Money Is now definitely on ~
per cent basis. That is what Stock
Exchange brokers have to pay II they
want to borrow for two months or
more. Even the British government
s not exempt. and i, T. Morgan & Go.
hive rascd the rate on this weeks
I}rtieh Trcnsury bills from + to -
per cent The tightnoss in money la
blamed on the closer approach Of tho
Victory loan Notation, and nccumunt-
ticpntc it, and largely that la true.
but reports from England Indicate n
similar condition there. BnnkH man
fest but small interest in short-dntcd
paper, and morchnnts arc not borrow
ing H. Gordon Sefridge. of tho great
London department store Of Solfridgo
& Co., Ltd, remnrkhi ave insist that
prices must como down. gradually Mt
nny rate. If not ms rapidly hs would
have eeemed likely, We nnd ourselves
only buying eloseiy from hhnd to
mouth. md we decline to place orders
ahead beyond bare requirements
a limited hupply OF paper Is being
offered here at 5'l to 6'a per cent,
the great bulk Of it at the higher fig
ure. The demand from out-of- town
banks is fair" but New York banks
continue to buy sparngly
Some ninctyday trade acccptances
were sold yesterday at B ls per cent
There was broader demand for
bank acceptanccs yesterday 1t did
not lead to an apprcciable increase in
volume of sales, but more institutions
were interested. Some dealers found
Thursday the best day Of the week.
Both on that day and yesterday the
feeling in the market showed marked
improvement.
The initial block of bills with which
American banks are financing bust
ness in Belgium will undoubtedly be
on the market in the next ten days
The great oversubscription to this is
sue has borne cut the belief that such
issues would be easily absorbed. 1t is
regarded as fortunate that the long
standing controversy over the collec-
tion charge heretofore impo ed by
New York Clearing House member
banks on out t-of-town bills payable in
cities other than New York has been
settled before these issues appeared.
Dealers believe it will lead to a better
market here.
The range of rates on commercial
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
American Dealers to Ship
Furs to London Auction

American fur merchants are making
preparations to ship pelts to London
for the sales that are to be held there
next May. N. +. Monjo & Co. agents
for A. & W Nesbtt. Ltd, report that
there viii be the average shipments
for the Nesbitt sale. with the last
chipping day being set as March ID.
originally this sale was scheduled for
May | to lG, but subsequently the dntc
was advanced to make March 81 the
starting day The sale has now been
placed back to the original datea. On
May he sale will be devoted TO the
disposal Of Australian furs From
MhY 10 futa IN the general cata
lopuo win be sold and from NAV II TO
lo muaMat skunk oboaeum and rae.
coon Will hold the auctioneer's atton
tion. The other London anles. incu
ing TINT of the Hudson Bay Company,
viii be hold during the ammo period.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
Embargo as Protection for
Potash Industry Advocated
Fear of Large Supplies From Germany and Japan
Being Dumped ON tn Market Restraints Amer
lean Producers, Say Chemical Men

domestic producers should, Of course,
be excepted.
cat present there is much reluctance
on the part of buyers to enter the mar
ket. They are holding off only be-
cause of the belief that importation Of
German or Japanese potash will be
possible in the near future. The re-
suit is a general decentralization of pot
ash prices, because dealers, having ac-
qulred stocks to meet a normal de-
mand, are now seeking to liquidate at
the best prices they can obtain. The
result Of this condition will be felt by
consumers in the next few weeks, when
the time comes for putting the potash
into the soil. Agricultural buyers Of
potash will find themselves without
supplies and their clamorings will force
prices to an unreasonable level, but
they will not be able to buy sufficient
quantities. This will have a bad effect
on crops, as the agricultural soil of
this country, having suffered from a
lack of potash for the past four years,
now needs that fertilizer more than
ever before.
"Congress or some executive depart
ment of the government should, there
fore, take steps which will assure man
ufacturers, dealers and consumers that
no foreign potash will enter this coun-
try for stated period. Such action
might result in temporarily raising
the price of domestic potash, but I am
Of the opinion that through an en-
barge lasting from one to two years
the industry could be established on
firm footing, and that the domestic
competition that naturally would fol
low would insure low prices to the
consumer"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-01
.JcwcIry
Cdrred " edtiing RingA
Gain IN Popuiarify.
South Buys Heariiy

Carved wedding rlnga nre gaining
popular favor and together with other
gold rings. arc u active demand al ove,
the country, The hnavieHt urders arc
coming from the South. In which ser
tion the tendency to buy better grade
Of iewelry has become more pro
bouhcnd.
Nihga containing spmi. precious md
precious stones ARE also being bought
IN II seetions Of thc country There Ia
much demand for reconstructed ruby
rings for both man and women. The
alohes 10 these fngs are aynlhelie
fubles
mhnuihetufefs report TINT benl or
square a'oneH. all of which ar eaynthels
le, ARE growing In popularity, These
,neluhe fhrnatH, hmethyais, iopasea
blood stones. hnrdonix, moss agntes
ana many others,