davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

PEACE has come suddenly rushing
toward US, and with countless and
unreasonable blessings it will
bring great new burdens. savs
"Everyman," of London, in an article on
The Basis of Industrial Peace" Labor
problems of every kind will throng upon
us, 1T continues, and offers as the best
means of solving the problems:
10 create some central authority, in
which labor and capital will be fairly rep
resented, and which will command the CON
fidence Of the workmen, is the first require
ment II we are to make any Roadway at all
The institution of so complex a BODY j,
naturally surrounded with difficulties: bu,,
'he opportunity is already available
through the prevailing good will of the besu
type of employers and the desire of ths
mass Of the workers to obtain real security
Inc National Alliance of Employers and
Employed, more or less free lance bodv.
is itself almost the nucleus of wider and
more authoritative organization; and GER
tainly there is every reason to support tina
urgent appeal which it is now making for
the convocation of a national conference. in
which capital and labor may decide tne;..
own future. Such conference, it urges
with great force, would be an unparalleled
event in our industrial history; in itself If
would mark perhaps the greatest step for
ward we have ever seen, and it is unthink-
able that the constructive ability of such
gathering would fail to lay the foundations
OF success as great as the experiment.
would be bold
Let that be the first step. We urge it
as the most hopeful proposal which has vet
originated from combination of employ
ers and employed and as an Indispensable
means OF arriving at great results. 1t is only
oy the 1uil cooperation of capital and labor,
IN place of the old hostility of the past and
the creation of genuine understanding
that their interests are essentially one ard
the same, and that those who on either
side would cause enmity by attempting to
exploit the strength of their position must
be considered and treated as outlaws-~onlv
on that basis cap we hope for lasting in
dustrial peace. Only on that basis can we
expect to build up a new world in which
the men who have been broken in the war
may feel that the blessings of peace wcr,s
worth the price. But the spirit of good
Will must find expression in action; and the
government must act at once. The task of
enlightened craftsmanship to-day is to guide
the healing forces of good will which are
active on all sides to the creation of new
order that shall be free from the eanker
of the old industrialism"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

w HO won the war? 1t was the
wv "Nobodies," according to a
writer in "The Nation" Of
London, who was one of the
thousands of civilians fleeing before the
German advance in August, 1914, and
had an opportunity to observe how the
unheroic workers went about their ac-
customed tasks in spite of the approach
ing chaos 1t was the French railroad
employees who first attracted the writer's
attention:
'The men moved about as though thew
were busy, but only with holiday traffic.
They were deliberate and quiet They had
eyes only for the job I could see thew
would hold that line till the last pull of
cotton waste and would run their trains
while they had a mile of track. Since those
days 1T has become evident that the in
vaders were bat1ed by the railway men and
others, such as obstinate old women in
slstent on cows, almost as much as they
were by the soldiers. country's readiness
for war may be meagre, yet the settled
habits Of the peaceful Nobodies, unreck-
oned by calculating Imperialists on the road
to conquest, are surprisingly tough and OBJ
structve. You could go TO girl at a
pigeonhole, ask for ticket to a place,
which by all signs was to fall behind the
German army, and she would hand it over
as though she had never heard of the war;
and the engine driver would go on toward
the sound of the guns till you wondered,
dismayed, by the increasing evidence out
side, whether he had gone mad and intended
to run the Germans down. The train would
stop; and then listening to the explosions,
the guard would advise us as to the mex,
best thing. Later that morning, a little
ahead of the Germans, a train came for US
and snatched us away; and later still / re-
member sombre orchard beyond the car
riage windows, which was like a stage scene
before the actors appear. The grass was
rank. My sight fell drowsily on an aban-
doned kept, and while wondering where was
the man who had once worn it saw a bright
eye slyly shut at me. wink in the grass!
bearded face was laughing up at us from
under the kept. rifle with fixed bayonet
moved forward. Then I saw the orchard
had secretive crop of eyes, which smiled
at US from the grass. We moved on, and
farewell kisses were blown to US.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

days work. That is incorrect. Thew
may have been paid that much, but thew
dld not receive more than six pfennig
(less than LIS cents) The rest was
claimed by the Ministry of War, to cover
the expenses of the prisoners upkeep.
although it had been borne by the
employer.
The food of the hired out prisoners
was the very poor fare of the intern
ment camps, on which no workingman
could subsist. To keep their prisoner
workers healthy and efficient many en-
ployers gave them better food or worked
them less than the regulation hours.
These employers were prosecuted and
fined or sent to prison. This was before
the German government took charge of
the food distribution, and everybody was
allowed the free use of all the food he
could obtain. In Prussia and some other
North German states the agricultural
workers and domestic servants might.
according to the Gesindeordnung claw
regulating farm and domestic labor)
even in times of peace, be castigated by
their employers for disobedience, slow
work, lack of respect, or any other rea-
son the employer or his representative
thought sufficient. The Gesindeordnung
was in effect up to the middle of Novem-
Der last. What hired out prisoners had
to expect in case they defended them
selves against maltreatment by over
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

less The few instances mentioned above
are characteristic of the brutality to
which citizens of the allied countries
were subjected in the Kaiser's realm.
When some teachers tried to show
their pupils how inhuman and discredit-
ing such excuses and the hatred of citi-
zens of other countries are they were
censured by their superiors The presi-
dent of the government at Frankfort-on-
Oder, for instance, enjoined the school
inspectors not to work against the
propagation and deepening of national
hatred" nor to prepare the pupils for
future reconciliation of the civilized
peoples"
The Berlin "Lokalanzeiger," the onlv
newspaper read by the Kaiser, to whom
only occasional clippings from other pub
locations were submitted, suggested. with
the permission of the censor, that every
day 200, 800 or 500 French and English
prisoners of war be murdered. This
much discussed beastly plan has not been
executed because there were also Ger
man prisoners of war in France and
Great Britain.
The "Tageblatt," of Jauer. official
organ of the Prussian district admins
tration, published approvingly this let
ter from corporal of the 1st COMPANY
of the 154th Prussian Regiment of
Infantry:
we came to a trench full of dead and
wounded Frenchmen. The wounded were
Killed with the butt of the rife or with the
bayonet. There lies a dead Frenchman. bis
face to the earth. But he only simulated
death. A kick by a strong infantryman
tells him we were there He hardly had
turned his face, crying 'pardon!' when he
was stabbed to death and nailed to the
earth by soldier, who said: Son of a.
our weapons work this way Our enemies
have fought gamely. At the entrance of a
hut, covered with foliage, lay French
wounded, vainly begging for pardon. Our
brave lnfantrymen saved the Fatherand the
expensive care for so many enemies"
These monstrous murders were mani
testify regarded as heroic deeds, not only
by the author of the letter, but also bv
the editor of the paper, the public
authorities of the district of Jauer, and
of course by the Prussian War Depart
ment. The murderers have never been
indicted or tried. They acted in accord
ance with the official "Kriegshandbuch"
(the German War Code), which saws:
"a war conducted with energy cannot he
directed merely against the combatants of
the enemy state and the positions thew
occupy, but will and must, in like manner.
seek to destroy the total intellectual and
material resources of the latter. Humans
tartan claims, such the protection of men
and their goods, can only be taken into con-
sideration in so far as the nature and object
of the war permit"
And the spirit of Prussian militarism
never permitted anything but the utmost
brutality.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
"A m ANY articles on the maltreat-
ment of prisoners of war and
- ~ interned enemy aliens hV the

Il "a interned enemy aliens by the
Prussians have been published in this
country-they were based on neutral or
Allied statements or observations. Some
people have assumed that the Germans
have been unjustly held up to adverse
criticism by their adversaries. Such
doubts are certainly out of place in the
face of official German reports and Ger
man statements passed by the German
censor, such as are quoted or summa-
rized in this article, which pictures, to
some extent, the indignities and brutal
ties to which enemy aliens, civilians and
prisoners of war alike, were subjected
in the Fatherland
The deportation of Belgian civilians
to Germany, which was contrary to in
ternational law, where they were forced
to perform hard labor for no other rea-
son than their nationality, dates back to
the early days of the world conflict. A
number of Belgians, including some
priests, were interned at the drill
grounds of Ohrdruff, Thuringia. They
had to work in the fields. When they
were brought back to the internment
camp, one day in September, 1914,
priest was beaten to death by the mob,
and a sexton was kicked and otherwise
maltreated, and had to be placed in
hospital,' but did not die. After the
"Stammgast" of Libenstein, a small
paper, had published this story without
comment, the "Volksfreund" Of Some
berg, a Radical Social Democratic publ
cation, investigated the matter and
learned that similar brutalities had
occurred the day before the murder of
the priest and that the military escort
on that occasion, although armed, did not
even attempt to save its prisoners from
the violence Of the Hun mob The
"Volksfreund" was suppressed, because
it ventured to criticise the inaction of
the military. Outrages by an infatuated
mob may happen anywhere and the re-
sponsibility for the murder at Ohrdruff
could not be placed at the door of the
German government, if the "Volks-
freund" was not penalized for having
voiced the sentiments Of international
law and humanity, in protesting against
the failure of the military escort to pro-
tect the defencelcss Belgians.
The prisoners we're not even allowed
to defend themselves against absolutely
arbitrary attacks by their guards. Will
lam LoDsdalc, an English prisoner of
war, confined in the Doeberitz camp, was
sentenced to death. The sentence was
afterward committed by the Kaiser to
imprisonment for life. He had been
mcrciiessly beaten by German land
wehr soldier because Of mistake" as
the official German report happily
phrased II, with the butt end Of rife.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

"UNTINUANCE of the "union
sacree" of parties, classes and
~ creeds, which proved such pow
erful factor in bringing victory
10 the arms of France, is being urged
by Gustave Herve in his paper LA
victoire." He, once one of the most
irreconcilable of French radicals, whom
the lessons of the war have transformed
into an ardent patriot, advocates, now
that peace is hand, that all Frenchmen
remain rallied at least for few years
to come, in great national coalition
around the banners of the victorious Re-
public.
First among the conditions to make
such ''bloc" of parties possible Herve
names the elimination of religious strug-
gle. He says:
Con both sides we have to make up
our minds not to resume that religious
and philosophical warfare on which we
had, prior to August, 1914, wasted most
of our time ever since the establishment
of the Third Republic But this war
fare has come to an end through meas
ures like the separation of Church and
State and the dissolution of the congre-
cations, measures which the Church,
rightly or wrongly, has considered as
attempts against its fundamental stat
utes, it's liberty and dignity"
Even the bitterest anti-clericals, how
ever, he goes on to say, must recognize
the wonderful spirit of patriotism with
which the same monks who, after the
dispersion of the congregations had left
the country, rushed, in August, 1914,
back to the defence of France, taking
up arms to protect the republic that only
the day before had expelled them.
catholics will ask: Are we now to expel
them again, these monks with their war
crosses, their military medals and their
crosses of the Legion of Honor won on
the field of battle?" Herve writes.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
A Pooling of
Strength

I'm the second place, the French pointed
out: You have great fleet and we have
great army; our fleet is small, yours is
large; our army is large, yours is small
They knew we could not have a large army
because we could not raise great COM
pulsory army in peace time unless you had
about thirty years to do it in.
at is very important to bear in mind
what followed upon those conversations,
which were on the French initiative and
which were quite informal and unbinding
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
With the ExpeCfanf
Infantry

Field batteries were unlimbered in
shrubbery beyond. We crossed a bridge
winch carried US over lower road and
stream. A number of infantry were await
ing kor something there, and from their
attitudes seemed to expect it soon. By now
our FELLOW passengers were awake to these
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

ISCOUNT HALDANE, former
" British Minister for War, has
made some extremely interest
ing revelations of British pre-war
preparations for a possible conflict with
Germany. These preparations were made
on the initiative of the French govern
ment and began as far back as 1906,
while the officer in charge of the army
reorganization was Sir Douglas Haig.
The revelations were made in the
course of speech at Bedford College for
Women, London, where Viscount Hal
dane presided at lecture, on america
and the War;" given by Major R. M.
tombstone, professor of history at Har-
ward University Viscount Haldane
said:
SIN the great speech which Sir Edward
Grey made in the House of Commons on
August 3, 1914, which practically announced
the determination TO go to war, the then
Foreign Minister told us how he had been
approached by the French government in
January, 1906, and how it was conveyed
to him that there was some apprehension
of attack from Germany which might
menace British interests. What the French
government said in effect was: we don't
ask you to bind yourselves; you must be
free. We don't ask anything unreasonable,
but if you consider there is possibility of
your being called on in your own interests
to come to our assistance and prevent the
invasion of the northern part Of France by
Germany, then it is wise for your military
authorities and ours to have conversations,
without binding yourselves in any way, with
a view to seeing what sort of military as
sistance you can give
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12

seers and employers may be judged
from the punishment melted out to
Lonsdale and Bramble.
In the reclamation camps the prisoners
of war had to drain extensive swamps
and do work which was not undertaken
in peace time because of it's unhealthi-
ness
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
Wages 80 Gents
a Day

Still worse was the fate of prisoners
who were not interned in a camp, but
hired out to agricultural employers.
They received, we were told by the Ger
man government, as high as one mark
and twenty pfennig Qess than 80 cents
at the normal rate of exchange) for a
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
Peace BRINGS
Its Burdens

HEACE has come suddenly rushing
toward US, and with countless and
unreasonable blessings it will
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-12
Was 1t the ''NOb0dies" Who
Won the War?

NM HO won the war? 1t was the
" "Nobodies," according to
w writer in "The Nation" of
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
Municipal Forest Parks.

That municipal forests could profit
ably be established by many cities
is the opinion of Edmund Secrest, for
ester at the Ohio experiment station.
His opinion is based upon the fact that
there are many municipal forests in
New England and that such woodlands
have been established in Europe for
500 years.
MANY municipalities have areas of
rough or billy lands near their limits,
which in many cases may be already
partially covered with native forests.
In other sections planting could be
done to reforest cleared land, which
could easily be converted into forest
park"
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
Home lOluIl|
|' Y Helps y /
IDEAS FOR THE PUBLIC PARK
Points That Should Be Given Consid-
GRAFTON Before the Final Plans
Are Made.

In the landscape architects ideal
conception of an acre of park for every
hundred inhabitants, there is no guide
for calculating park space appropriate
to town of 5000. 1t is evident that
an acre, more or less, would not be
determining factor in it's value. The
problem of relative size is really To-
cal one, its answer depending on the
community's facilities for outdoor en-
1oyment, on the benefits that will ac-
crue to it by the acquisition of park.
and on the specific idea which lies be-
hind the desire for park.
Camping and picnicking two legiti-
mate park uses, both suggest an APP
peal to the motorist. A good camp
site is pre-eminently adapted to the
attraction Of strangers, thereby bring
ing some added trade to the town mer.
chants. For The campers good drain
age is essential.
A fitting entrance is the first impof-
tant consideration. If the park is near
the business section of the town, ex-
tending the approach to the main
street by means of parking strip
planted to trees is very effective. Such
Il strip, extending for one block along
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
Proud Of His "Profession."

Burglars who served in the army
are going back to their old trade" said
London police official the other day.
"These men deliberately elect to live
by stealing because they find it adven-
turous. 1t was with the same spirit
that they Joined the army. At least
one convicted burglar won the Victoria
cross" Confirmation of this charac-
teristic is provided by captain in
famous fighting regiment, who declares
that one of the bravest men in his
company, corporal with Dom. and
other honors, declared himself a pro-
fessional thief. "His one regret" re-
marked the officer, "was that the re-
cruiting authorities would not let him
describe his occupation on his attesta-
tion papers as burglar.
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
Self-Feeders Save Labor for the Hog
Raiser.

away with the laborlous work of feed
ing slOp to hogs. No definite expert
ments have been made along the line
of comparing, feeds of this kind fed dry
as against slOp, yet some work of this
kind has been done and results were
very satisfactory with the self-feeder
plan. Many farmers and hog growers
have tried feeding these feeds in self
feeder, and the results were fully as
good or better than those obtained by
the system of slop feeding.
1t is highly desirable that feeds used
in feeding hogs, especially corn, be fed
as near as possible to the crib or
granary. Feeding floors should be
built adjoining corncrib or granaries
holding shelled corn.
Another means of saving labor in
hog growing is the more extended use
of woven-wire fence. If the hog grow
er has all his fields and lots fenced
with hog-tight fencing, he can save the
waste in these fields after harvest, and
can also follow the method of hogging
down corn, which is highly desirable
and economical.
Probably the best use to which
wOven-wire fencing can be put is in
making possible the use of forage
crops. Our best hog growers have be-
come convinced that feeding hogs in
dry lots is no longer the best method.
In nearly every part of the country
where hogs are grown some kind OF
forage crops can be successfully used,
and they offer three distinct advan-
tages: First, the saving of grain by
allowing hogs to get all the green
feed they want; second, the building
up of the soil through the use of ma
nure obtained from hogs continuously
on these pastures, and, third, the much
more sanitary conditions under which
the hogs live, plus the exercise which
the hogs get in pastures, both OF which
are necessities in successful hog grow
ing. In some parts Of Yhe hog-grOw-
ing country farmers are able to pas.
ture their hogs 10 or IL months In the
year. In almost all parts OF the coun-
try hogs can be pastured at Least six or
seven months.
All these practices save labor in
feeding, and in addition save con-
siderable amount of labor in hauling
out and scattering manure that accu-
mulates when feeding under the dry.
lot plan.
Many hog feeders dip or spray their
hogs to keep down the lice. Many
commercial hog oilers on the market
are practical and effective in keeping
hogs from becoming infested with lice.
The general practice of growing hogs
and feeding them the grains raised on
the farms has tendency to distribute
the labor throughout the year.
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
! I'VE
STOCK
SELF-FEEDER is ECONOMICAL
cient Means of Feeding Hogs
More Fencing Urged.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agricultural
One of the best labor savers and
one of the most economical and eff
cient means of feeding hogs is the self
feeder. Experiments comparing the
self-feeder with feeding by hand have
been made at number of experiment
stations and most of them have shown
not only that the self-feeder is time
saver, but that more pounds of pork
will be produced with a given number
of pounds of grain by using the self
feeder. This applies not only to the
use of corn, but to ground and mill
feeds such as tankage, shorts, mid
dlings, peanut meal, soy-bean meal, etc.
BY using the self-feeder in feeding the
ground and mill feeds one does
Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932, 1919-06-14
BUILD ON RIGHT PRINCIPLES
United States Housing Corporation
Gives Outline Of Plans Made
for the Future.

Women are to be consulted in the
planning of homes in after-the-war
building, according to the announced
policy Of the United States Housing
corporation.
when our men want to find out
what plan to follow in building a
wOrkman's home they usually talk it
over with headquarters, according to
statement by the United States
Housing corporation. Headquarters
they find invariably in the kitchen.
The greatest housing experts are the
housewives themselves. They know
when arrangements are convenient and
where steps may be saved in the daily
routine of work. Many of our stand
ards representing the greatest cOnven-
fence and the greatest beauty that
the money invested will buy are the re-
suit of home-need suggestions from
women.
''In all building projects the gov
ernment's standards have been placed
on a high plane. The women of the
country will see to it that In future
private development must measure up
to these standards. All specifications
for drainage, ventilation, lighting and
kitchen fittings must be maintained on
the present level. No slump back into
the prewar tenement will be tolerated
by the workers. In all future building
projects, whether sponsored by the
government or by individuals every
house will be required to have a maxi
mum of light and air.