New Britain herald., 1919-12-27
Great Work Accomplished by Conference in Freeing Op- pressed Races and Establishing New Governments Based
 on Consent of the Governed but Unrest Pervades Ma
 tions and Bolshevist Menace Persists.

who tried to start commune in Berlin on
 the Russian plan. Two or their leaders,
 Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Iuxemburg.
 were killed on January Is. Four days
 later elections for national assembly
 were held, and the Independent Socialist lor Boshevist faction was hopelessly de- Heated. The government was removed from Berlin to Weimar, where the As Isembly met on February 6, a provisional constitution was adopted and Friedrich Ebert elected President by the Deputies on February Il. Several of the German Istates went through a similar process from chaos to order. In Bavaria a soviet government was set up on April z, the Premier, Kurt Eisner, having been asSas- |sinated. Gustav Noske German Minister |of War, however, managed things with i firm hand, reorganized what was left of Ithe army and repressed disorder in Berlin. lin Bavaria andtin Saxony, where the War Minister, Herr Neurng, had fallen vic- tim to assassination.
 Austria held a general election on Feb ,ruary IS for National Assembly, whichs met in Vienna on March 4. Hungary had seeded from the empire soon after the Grmstlce and established republic, headed by Count Michael Ksrolyi on No- vember 1G. His position undermined 1 by Bolshevist agents and he was forced Ito turn over the government to the Com lmunists on March 21. Under Bella Kun, q terror. riot and ruin followed. General Shuts was sent by the Allies to Budapest to try to arrange an ar1nistice with Hun lgary, which had declared war against the . surrounding countries except Austria. His proposals were presented on April 1, but lwere rejected by Bella hun
 Roumania gains more than most other na ations by the peace treaty, her Sequisi- l tionS including the Roumanian inhabited
 districts of Pennsylvania. part of the Banat of Temesvar, Bukowina and Bes- Isaraba A land reform measure was pro- mulgated by the Roimanian Parliament under which large proprietors who owned seventy per cent of the agricultural land Twill retain only fifteen per cent under l the new law. The Roumanians were or dered on April 24 by the Allies to take the 1 offensive against Hungary, which they
 did with alaorty. They defeated the Com
 munist army and occupied Budapest on August4. Bella Kun fled to Austria, where l he was interned.
 Archduke Joseph, renouncing royalty. became Premier of Hungary on August r. but Tor fear of a plonarchicsl restora- l ton was forced to resign on August %. In the Near East.
 Afehanistan. where the Germans and Boishcviki already had tried to stir up trouble for the British Empire, only began to figure prominently in world affairs after Germany had been beaten The Amir. Ilabbullah Khan, was murdered on February 20 while on & hunting ex- petition, and his brother, Nasru1lah Khan, proclaimed himself ruler of Jellalabad.
 A mission was sent to Moscow to establish
 relations with the Bosheviki, and Afghan
 troops. occupied strategic positions near the northwest frontier of India. Some
 tribesmen invaded the country near the
 I&hyber Pass, but were driven out
 Meanwhile Amanullah Khan. son of the
 late Amir. proclaiming himself successor. had his uncle Nasrullah arrested for con-
 nection with the murder of Babibullah
 Khan. Jellaabad and Kabul were bombed
 by British airplanes and the Afghans sued
 for peace, a treaty being signed on August IS at Rawalpindi. Another safeguard to
 the British empire of India was con- vention signed with Persia on August Is giving certain military and financial con- trol to Great Britain.
 Egypt another country stirred by the aftermath Of the great war. A move rnent for complete autonomy began early in the year, and zagbul Pacha, vice 'preSi- osnt of the Assembly. and a deputation or natonalists asked permission to so to London and Paris to plead their cause be- fore the British Cabinet and the peace conference. This was refused and the leaders were deported to Malta. Riots throughout Egypt, and there were serious revolts in remote Nile dis-
 tricts. General Alenby was appointed special high commissioner to handle the situa ton, and arrived in Cairo late in March. Imprisoned nationalist leaders were released and the rebellion was promptly put down. new Egyptian Cab inet formed on May q, favorable to reforms under the British protectorate
 Japan, aside from her Bolshevist prob lem in Siberia and Chinese problem in ShantunS. confronted in February by a movement for independence in Corea. A petition to this end was presented to the American Minister in Picking by Coreans resident in China. The demon stra tons in Corea were reprcssed with 2 cruelty that aroused the indignation of the civilized world. Many thousand Coreans were said to have been killed during the two months the trouble lasted. It is reported to have been inspired by missionaries who thought they saw chance for Corea to regain the independence forcibly wrested by Japan and which the latter had promised to restore. t''
 Germany's Evssions.
 Germany, while outwardly conforming to the peace treaty, endesVored to hamper the Allies by her expeditions in the Bal tic, fomenting strikes in Silesia and by
 ntrisues in other States. On June q, just before Germany had decided to sign the treaty. ali the German vessels in Scapa Flow, surrendered under the terms of the arnlistice, were scuttled and sunk by order as afterward proved, of the German Ad- niralty. The Allies determined to exact which was embodied in a pro tocol supplementary to the treaty and which Germany was required to sign.
 The peace treaty with Germany which the German delegates and the Allies had signed June 2S was ratified by Great Britain on July e1 and received the royal assent ten days later Belgium ratified the treaty August S; New Zealand on September 2; South Africa, September 12; Canada. September 1a; Australia October ,: Guatemala, October 2: Italy, by royal decree, October 7; France October B; Iapap, October 30; Czschosovakia, No senber 2, and Brazil, November II.
 China September e4 adhered to all tle claliSAS nf the trHatM knt