davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-01-31
PRAISES CoNvICTs' ROAD WORK
Duny says IL should
He Continued.

ALBANY. Jan. 3Q--'Ths use OF prison
labor in the construction and repair of
roads has boon OF great value TO the
State. in The opinion OF Edwin Duffy.
Highway Commissioner
Inmates Of the State prisons" he
says. have been used during the year
both 'or maintenance and repair of I'M
proved highways, and also for the CON
struction OF certain roads not otherwise
available Cor Improvement Notwith-
standing the decrease IN prison popula-
ton the State Department OF Prisons
has been able to assign for highway
work nearly the same number OF con-
VictS as heretofore.
Extensive and necessary work has
been done with the prisoners assigned
and results have been of great value to
the state, and the work should be CON
t!nued. In particular. macadam high
ways OF a substantial Kind have been
constructed in thn Immediate vicinity of
Comstock aAi T'anrcmora prise rs, and
three projects were also undertaken IN
the Adiruriacks Which have materially
improved Highway connections In taat
region. These connections could not
have been made in any other way"
The sun., 1919-01-31
Union OF Germany and German
Austria.

The Socialist KARL SEITz Is the
first Austrian leader reported openly
to favor the union Of German Aus
tria with Germany. Herr SEIrz Is
the President of the German Aus
trlan National Assembly, and In his
statement he attempts to correct the
impression that Austria Is merely the
shrunken remains Of the old Haps-
burg empire. He declared that the
Austrlans gained their political free
dom In the same way that other parts
of the empire did, and that they ask
for the same rights that are being
given to the Jugo-Slavs and the
Czecho- Slovaks.
BY German Austria Herr SEIrz evil
IDENTIFY means the old Archduchy OF
Austria and the Duchy of Syria, in
which there are large German popu-
latlons. This territory is contiguous
to Bavaria, and were it Joined to Ger
many 1t would form Teutonlc wedge
between the CZcchs on the north and
the Slavs on the south. To leave Aus
tria separate state, 1t Is declared,
would be to form German island in
Central Europe and force Austria to
struggle for existence with the races
which she has oppressed.
Despite this fact the Austrian con.
servatives have always declared
against n union with Germany. The
reason for this is, perhaps, that the
Austrian conservatives are largely re.
dictionary and still cling to the idea
Of the establishment of some form of
monarchical rule with a restoration OF
branch of the Hapsburg family to
the throne. They have held that Aus.
The sun., 1919-01-31
New York's Social Year.

New York's current social season,
IN spite of the signing of the ar-
mistice early enough to alter any
plans that might have been formed
with a winter of war in view, has
not differed In its important details
from that of one year ago. The end
of hostilitics had little apparent eff
feet on the volatile surface Of social
hfe. Young women who were to be
introduced into the gayetles OF a
maturer world found their limited
opportunities In but small degree
broadened. They had expected little,
and little happened to change their
actual experience.
The large balls have in every case
been for war or other charities.
smaller dances intended to serve az
4 preparation for the gayer world
have, indeed, been continued, as they
were last year.
The young women who are facing
the social world for the first time
this winter usually get their initial
glimpse Of 1t across luncheon table
with an UNMARRIED line Of smiling
friends Of their own sex confronting
them. Men are still too scarce for
evening dancing parties always to be
successful, and hostesses are too tlmid
in many cases to run the risk OF an
insufficient supply OF dancers. At the
few large entertainments there has
been tendency TO include all ages 80
The sun., 1919-01-31
SELF-DETERMINATION.
Does IL Spell = Never Ending Confer.
cnce Of Peace Delegatesf

To THE EDITOR OF THE SyN--Str: The
British Government has found q way
to keep self-determination out of the
peace congress in 80 far as its colonies
and dependencies are concerned, by re-
fusing passports 10 General Christian
de Wet and Pieter Grobler. n grandson
of President Kruger, members of Ma
tionalist deputation appointed by the
Bloemfontein Congress to go to Paris
In order to lay before the peace con-
gress proposals for an independent
South Africa
Would 1t not be web for the other Gov
ernments represented at tho peace con-
gress to do likewise7 Unless this IS
done, will there ever come an end TO
that congress-?
Meanwhile. what does It cost the
United States to maintain It's armies
In Europe? General Robert Wood tes
titled the other day before n committee
of Congress that II Is costing the
United States $4,000 a year to main
tain each soldier in Europe on n peace
footing. That amounts to SS.<S a man
day. which. applied to 100000 men.
calls for q daily disbursement OF S10,-
$4,000. Each of our soldiers could earn
at least half as much more. II at home
and At work. TAXPAYER
NEW YoRK January 30
The sun., 1919-01-31

In his speech on the situation Of
the American troops in Russia Sen
ator JOHNSON of California described
the attitude OF our Government to-
ward that distracted nation ms weak.
vacillatlng, stupid and Ignorant"
These words are not too strong.
The Allies and the United States
after long period of shutting aud
indecision sent force OF armed men
into Russia ostenslbly to guard the
accumulated military stores which it
was feared might fall into the hands
Of the Bolsheviki and thus be trans
ferred to the Germans.
The civilian population of the IN
terested nations are obliged to assume
that this force was sufficiently strong
to perform the duties assigned to IL.
To assume that II was not is 10 i'm
peach the professional skill of the
military authorities who are reSpon-
sible for the technical details OF the
expedition.
But 1t requires nothing except COM
mon sense and the ability to read to
understand that this force has been
called on in the Archangel district 10
undertake duties for which 1t was In
adequate. The proof of this is the
fact that having taken certain posi-
tons the associated troops have not
been able to hold them. They have
been compelled to fall back before the
Bolshevlld, sometimes with losses of
killed, wounded and captured. They
have been obliged to abandon stores
to the enemy. In a word 1t hurts
every American to utter, they have
been defeated in the warfare In which
they have become involved.
This warfare Is carried on under
no mandate from the United States.
The United States Is not formally at
war with single one of the numer-
our Governments that now exist IN
Russia. We are ut war with Ger
many and Austria Hungary, but hos
Titles are suspended under an armls-
tiCe, and since November IL, 1913, not
shot has been fired by Germans
or by Austro-Hungarians Mt United
States troops, and not shot has been
fired by United States troops at Ger
mans or at AustrO-l Iungarians. Yet
on January % "Bolshevik artillery
showed activity in the Kadish sec
tor" and "enemy patrols wero in
touch with American and Allied nd
vanced posts on all sectors"
In short, we are at war with Ger
many and Austria-IIungary and are
not fighting them, while not being at
war with the Bolsheviki we are fight
ing them. Our soldiers are being cap.
turcd, wounded and killed in n for
eign land with which we are officially
at peace, and with which we shall
remain at peace until the Congress-
declares war upon its Government or
Governments.
Senator JoHNsoN's demand Is that
orr troops be withdrawn from Rus
sia forthwith. He Is at lenst logical,
and knows what course he would pur-
sue. We are not ready to support his
demand Mt this time. But every con-
The sun., 1919-01-31
Our Houseless Diplom ats.

According to statement made by
a member of the House Foreign AT
fairs Committee Great Britain pays
her Ambassador to this country $780,
600 q year, provides for him a fine
residence, and makes him an expense
allowance Of generous proportions;
France pays her Ambassador in WASH
ington $35,000 a year, and allows an
ample rent and expense account to
him; Italy pays $4,000 salary, s12,.
600 rent and a liberal expense &C.
count. These and other pertinent fig-
ures were submitted in support Of the
committees report favoring an item
IN the diplomatic and consular ap-
preparation bill of s3,OO0,OoO for the
furnishing Of embassy and legation
buildings in the principal capitals of
the world" to house our Amba ssadors
and Ministers.
Our diplomatic representatives are
paid much less than representatives
Of other countries in Washington, 20
house hunting for suitable quarters
or such as they can afford, furnish
them and pay rent The argument
which the committee seemed most TO
depend upon was that by paying our
diplomats living salaries, by housing
them In the capitals to which they are
sent, by giving them allowances for
proper entertainments, 1t would tend
Ito democratize our foreign service;
open the service for competent men
whether wealthy or not.
But the House, which few days
before had voted 100000 900 to feed
foreign peoples, seemed indlsposed
properly to feed our Ambassadors.
which, 1t was thought, would give to
them faint OF royalty; refused 10
give the Item even consideration, vot-
ing It out by 100 yeas to 113 nays.
So the diplomatic service remains
cafe until 1921. at least. for those able
to promote democracy by liberal CAM
paign contributions. How "perma-
nent" our diplomatic service is may
readily be seen from these facts when
President WILSON was inaugurated
in 1913 there were forty-one United
States Ambassadors and Minister'S
Since then fifty Ambassadors and
Ministers have been appointed. only
two Of whom have been secretaries,
or have had any previous diplomatic
experience, and Of the two with ex-
perience one went to Colombia, the
other to Hayti,
The sun., 1919-01-31
SWEEPING THE PLATFORM.
Protest Against Public Utility Whole.
sale Germ Distribution.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN--Sr: In
that part Of the day when trsffio on tho
elevated railroads and subways Is at
its maximum. between and 9 A. M.
there Is s. particular effort on the part
Of railroad employees to relieve con-
gest.on of traffic by method similar
TO gas attack.
An unwary group OF that part of the
travelling public compelled by necessity
20 use the modern rapid transit facilities
OF this city is waiting patiently, per-
haps. for tho overladen and overdue
train. when suddenly they are enveloped
by q dense whirlwind Of dirty, thick,
germ laden dust
After coughing ard sneeItng their
way to daylight again. half choked and
indignant, they observe that 1t is caused
by the onslaught oc sweeper who
Yields weapon resembling q lawn
mower. ostenslbly broom. but in
reality scythe OF death.
She liz merely doing her duty. sweep
ing the platform. 10 the Incidental
avalanche OF bacteria must be accepted
AS matter OF course. Some OF the
victims will survive, but the next week $
percentage OF deaths from influenza will
be considerably higher. Consequently
tho usual crush on IL" and subway
will. In ratio TO that percentage, be
diminished.
AZ this period. when people are
undergoing physical and mental reac-
ton due to the former essential war
time conditions. and especially at this
season OF tho year anything having n
de,eterious influence on the public health
should not be ignored.
DANIEL A. pRIscoLL
BRooKLrN, January 80.
The sun., 1919-01-31
SECURITY LEAGUE
TOOK WILSON'S CUE
Went After Representative
Britten When President
Denounced Him.
HIT AT MAYOR THOMPSON
"Acid Test' Chart, Issued
Here, Is Investigated by Con-
grcss Committee.

CHICAGO, Jan. 80.--The Congress COM
n'ittee investigating charges Of undue
political activity by tho National Sc
curity League spent the entire day here
examining two witnesses They were
Emil c. Wetten, who was chairman or
subcommittee Of the executive COM
mttee Of the Chicago branch OF the
league which investigated the oualifca-
tons Of certain candidates for Office. and
III, ]. Buckley. secretary OF the local
branch OF the league since last summer
Mr. Wetten told of a letter sent 10
members of the league throughout Hi
nos during The primary campaign last
year in which members Of the league
were called upon 10 do what they could
10 defeat the nomination OF Mayor Will
lam Hale Thompson of Chicago for SEN
ator and of Representative Fred Britten
for Congress. Both are Republicans
The witness said that the league con-
demned Dritten because OF speech he
made In Congress which was adversely
criticised by President Wilson, and for
that reason alone. He denied that this
was a political action.
The sun., 1919-01-31

tria could be made self-supporting,
and that an economic union, to be
called the Danube Confederation,
could be formed among the former
Austrian provinces and the Balkan
states. Herr SEIrz says that there
Is no possibility Of such confedera-
ton; that there is now no bond be-
tween the races Of the former Austro-
Hungarian monarchy, and that the
Hungarians, Czechs and Slavs are I'M
friendly to the Germans and not on
the best Of terms even with one an
other. He can see no hope Of i'm
proved economic conditions In Austria
except through German assistance.
The Berlin Government Is strongly
favorable to the union with Austria.
Count Won BRocKDoRFF-RANrzA the
German Foreign Minister, recently
said that this was the only possible
solution Of the Austrian problem, and
that II the Allies desired a lasting
peace they would be unable to op-
pose the fraternal union Of Germany
and German Austria" The Allies
have, however, shown no inclination
to favor this Teutonlc union. The
French Foreign Minister, STEPHEN
PIcHoN, In his address before the
French Chamber declared that France
would not tolerate this union. At the
time 1t was generally believed he wa
stating the conclusion at which the
Allied council had arrived.
The sun., 1919-01-31
EXPLAINING THE DROUGHT.
Prohibition Helped TO Victory BY
Abusers Of Liquor.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Str: Your
CORE pondent hlransom says that tho
prohibition wave reflects the sentiment
OF users OF liquor themselves" This
statement IL not in keeping with tho
true facts.
The prohibition wave reflects the SEN
tment OF coterie of people who arc
everlast!rgly condemnng the pleasures
and mode OF living of others. These
people are generally Incorporate In
everything they say or do. and their
greatest hobby Ia TO mind everybodys
business but their own. Together with
this class come those who lack sufficient
will power to regulate their personal
habits and are not users but abusers OF
liquor J. IA. OPPENHEIM,
NEW YORK. January 80
The sun., 1919-01-31
PUBLIC LECTURES TONIGHT,
MANI ATTAIN.

This League Of Nations ms an Inter
national Necessity" by Herbert & Uaus-
ton. vice president OF Doubleday, PaEe q
Co., at Waclegh IL s. llbth street west
of seventh avenue.
"A League OF Nations" by John y
Lyle. At p. s, 3d. Broadway Academy and
Nermilyea avenue. lnwood
The Various Ways camounaeo and
by Frederick $. webster, at P. $. IS.
Eighty-eighth street east OF First avenue
customs and Costumes in Brittany"
by Miss Lavin!a S Meday, who has made
an an Exhaustive study OF peasant life in
of seventh avenue. stOreopticon View.
why We Should Attend the Public Lee
lures and the Evening Schools" by Or
Francesca Magliocco, at p. =. lO2. llSth
s$sS I Aa5. az S ToSr S pse@%e
by Mrs. NJ. Claire Finney, ~ p. = 1872
1924 street and Wadsworth s,enue.
Stereoptiron views
The Groa, PacInc Nor,Ave,, and Vel
c. A.. East side Branch, lb' East Elshty-
sixth street. StereoptiCon views
BRONX.
History CT Municipal Goverumaut." by
Nathan l Go.dstetn, Assl,tart Corpogl.
tion Counsel, at Morris II. s.. ieeth street
and Rostun road.
yellowstone park," ny Mr.. Ernuie "
near CIV Island avenue. city Island.
stcr"oprtcon views
''NHtion-, THOR Nature and Iossitul-
ties" tone OF course ol National aud
lam Il. Guthrie Pm. n, Of g c. y. 4,
AZ 4. :. -, Bryan. and Nyse avenues
Eortn ~ l1.d street.
with ~ Amevi, an Army IN France -
ny Mrs Elizabeth Parks Hutchinson. a.
y L. L. Woodstork, 10 East l6Oth
The sun., 1919-01-31

Standard Time
sun Hess. 1903 A NJ Sun sets...,s:iiPM
Moon sets....,5 Id + NJ
Eastern New York and Southern New
England. fair to-day and tomorrow:
somewhat lower temperature fresh and
strong west winds.
New Jersey. fair to-day and tomorrow;
not much change In temperature fresh
Northern New England. fair to-day ara
Tomorrow; somewhat lower temperature;
fresh west winds.
Western New York. fair to-day ana to.
morrow; somewhat lower Temperature
WASHINGTON, Jan. 50.--Ths d!s;rIbu.
ton OF air pressure has changed mats
rally In tho last two days tn. most
marked change being over tho Rocky
Mountain and plateau regions, whsr, hisn
pressure has given way and II Il relatively
low and falling. Low pressure persists
along tho north border from the great
lakes eastward and hish pressure has an.
poured north OF the Dakoth,. There hsr
been no change. however. in the eIcep-
tlonally mid weather that has persistsd
for considerable time over prsctica,iy
al parts OF the United States No pre-
eiphatlon of consequence occurred IN Any
part OF the country and tho sky IS gen
orally cloudless except in tho CUT states,
parts OF New England ana on tho Pacific
coast. The outlook is for a continuation
River during Friday and SATURDAY IkS *.
temperature Will be somewhat lower ovsr
the North States from the great lakes
eastward. while mild temperature Will pre-
states east OF the Mlssissippi River dur-
ing the next forty-eght hours.
Observations at United states Weather rrsss
stations taken at l. ". yesterday, seventy
The sun., 1919-01-31

IsaIArL KEMAL Bey, whose death is
reported from London, has been
spoken Of as one of the great men OF
the Balkans. He was a member OF
an old and wealthy Albanian family
and was trained in diplomacy under
the old Turkish regime. HIS espousal
of the Young Turks cause in the re-
volt of 1908 drew to II the support OF
Albania and western Macedonia. When
he discovered that the Young Turks
rule was the substitution OF one autoc-
racy for another. he proclaimed the
independence OF Albania and became
President OF the Provisional Govern
ment established. He was in a fair
way 20 bring semblance OF order out
OF the disturbed conditions of his ma
tive land when his Government was
replaced by the weak and inefficient
rule OF the Prince of WED. IsMAIL
was a Mohammedan; his wife was a
Christian. beautiful and gifted wom-
an who had a strong influence on
his diplomatic and official career and
who won him the support of the non
Moslem races OF Albania.
The sun., 1919-01-31
VILLAGES OF DREAMS.
Happy Jerseyites Come Forward With
Candidates.

To THE EDITOR or THE SrS--Sir.. Tell
the Lost Man" 20 board the o'clock
train for Morristown some fine morning.
and on arrival ask for tho Mendham
bus. In the big sideseater or the more
comfortable touring car he can make
the trip over seven miles OF Morris
county turnpike In less than thirty min
utes, always UP, UP into the beautiful
Somerset Hills and the little village OF
Mendham. Its BROAD street" lined with
shady trees has some white houses"
Cor they once were white) with the
proverbial green blinds and IL there
are not many flowers in the front door
yards. there are evidences OF war gar
dens in the rear.
Some Of tho houses are for sale, for
war industries have taken some OF the
more ambitious away In the last four
years, and without railroad or trolley
We are not likely 10 grow much In the
next forty. Those who are left cut their
grass. or shovel SNOW. according to the
season. and go about their various
duties In much the same way their an
cestors did when Washington crossed
the Delaware and passed through this
historic little town en- route TO winter
headquarters In Morristown.
Unless the Lost Man" has also lost
his hearing lie can hear the bells OF four
churches on Sunday mornings; and IL
his fancy or his family traditions take
him up the hill to Hill Top Church his
delighted vision can roam over forty
miles OF rolling country that cannot
no surpassed for beauty. over the big
estates OF Bernardsville TO tho noun
tains OF Pennsylvania. All this within
forty miles of New York.
Tho writer is not in tho real estate
business and has nothing for sale.
A BuNGALoA7ER
AIuNrr,nrLM Iannnru
The sun., 1919-01-31

sideration Of military strategy, Of
common sense end Of common hui
mainly supports the demand that the
United States do one Of two things
withdraw Its soldiers absolutely from
Russia, or reinforce them to n
strength that will insure their safety
and permit them to accomplish an OBJ
ject sufficiently important to compen-
safe the nation for the treasure and
the American blood that are now be-
ing expended in the mysterious cam
paign In progress In Russia.
The sun., 1919-01-31
THE ROOSEVELT MEMORIAL.
Orange Mountain Pronounced Ideal
for q National Monument.

To THE EDITOR ov THE SuN-Sir: The
ideal location OF the nations monument
10 the memory OF Theodore Roosevelt Is
on tho brow of the Orange Mountain.
The space seems TO be reserved for II
The steps leading up to the monu-
ment could commence in Lleweliyn Park.
near the Eagle Rock entrance.
II could be seen from the windows OF
the tall buildings IN New York. day and
night, and would be easy OF access to
all visitors to New York. and conse-
quently TO all the world. s. L. d.
ROME, N y. January 20.
The sun., 1919-01-31
Give Credit to the Melting Pot.

In the report Of the House Commit
tee on Immigration In favor Of the
enactment of law prohibiting immi-
grants from landing in this country
in the next four years it Is asserted
that America as a melting pot has
proved to a great extent to DO a de-
fusion and a snare" The committee
adds in the report:
1T is impossible to keep out revolu-
tionists and Bolsheviki without keeping
out substantially everybody.
I'VE have had law excluding an
archists for years. and yet the war de-
veloped the fact that we had thousands
of them in our midst.
I'VE feel that It is now time that we
were beginning to look after those of
our own household rather than 70 open
our ports TO many who know nothing OF
our laws. our customs, our standards of
living and never intend to learn them"
The statute under which, according
to this report, 1t is impossible to keep
out revolutlonists and Bolsheviki was
passed over the veto Of President
WILSON in 1917, and its sponsor IN
the House was JOHN l.. BURNETT Of
Alabama, the present chairman Of the
House Committee on immigration.
Mr.. BURNETT has mighty little conf
dence In the product of his own in
tellectual processes.
As to the success that has been at
tained In the transformation Of i'm
migrants into Americans, there is am
pie evidence at hand to disprove the
contention that the American system
has failed as "a melting pot"
That evidence began to accumulate
in April, 1917, when the United States
declared war on Germany. 1t was
supplemented convincingly when the
selective draft law was put into effect
without disturbance and without op-
position. 1t was confirmed magnifi-
Gently by the fighting records made
10y such combat divisions as the
Twenty seventh and the Seventy-sev-
enth, the first with many members
drawn from this city, the other al
most exclusively made up Of men
from the same territory. which re-
ceives and retains large proportion
of immigrants. The foreign born SOL
diers who followed the Stars and
Stripes answered every question that
has been raised as TO the devotion of
naturalized citizens generally to the
country OF their adoption, and IN
thousands of cases sealed their 10y
atty with their life blood.
The assertion that there are thou
sands of anarchists in this country is
difficult to prove and impossible of
disproof. We know there are an
archists here, some Of them imported.
some Of them home bred. They afflict
every nation. Some countries are
worse off because Of them than
others. Where Mr.. BURNErT's figures
come from we do not know, but IN
I'll he shows that the proportion OF
anarchists here is larger than the
proportion In other free countries we
shall continue to believe we are not
worse Off In this respect than other
nations are.