davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Century Old Precedent of
Secret Hearing OH Trea-
ties To Be Abandoned
by Unanimous Consent
Opposition Not Serious
Ratification Regarded as
Certain; End of Closed
Door Sessions Forecast

WASHINGTON, July 29.-The CEN
tury-old Senate custom of considering
treaties in secret session will be broken
next Monday, when the long pending
Colombian treaty is taken up. This
decision was reached to-day by unani-
nous consent of the Senate member
ship.
The agreement for open sessions, re-
garded possibly as forecasting public
consideration of the peace treaty, the
Franco American agreement and subse-
quent treaties, followed unanimous ap-
proval by the Foreign Relations\ Com
mittee of the Colombian convention
calling for payment to that nation of
S25,000,000 as claims growing out Of
the partition of Panama. Before ap-
proving the treaty, however, the COM
mittee struck out the original clause
expressing the regret" of the United
States to Colombia for action in the
canal proceedings.
Ratification Certainty
When the Colombian treaty was sub
, mitted formally to the Senate in ex-
ecutive session late to-day, Senator
Fall, of New Mexico. Republican men,
Der Of the Foreign Relations Committee
moved that the Senate consider the
convention in open session. Rcpubl-
can Leader Lodge asked unanimous
consent for an order opening the Sen
ate's doors when the treaty is called
up next Monday and the agreement
was approved without objection. OPP
position to the treaty is expected but
ratification is deemed a certainty, and
1t is understood, the revised treaty
also is assured Of Colombia's approval.
The "regret" clause eliminated after
negotiations between American and
Colombian diplomats to meet senatorial
objection to that feature follows:
The government Of the United
States of America, wishing to put at
rest all controversies and differences
with the Republic of Colombia arising
out Of the events from which the
present situation on the lsthmus of
Panama resulted, expresses, in its own
name and in the name of the people
of the United States, sincere regret
that anything should have occurred to
interrupt or TO mar the relations of
cordial frie~' nip that had so long
subsisted between the two nations.
The government of the Republic Of
Colombia, IN its own name and in the
name OF the Colombian people, accepts
this declaration in the full assurance
that every obstacle to the restoration
Of complete harmony between the two
countries will thus disappear"
An attempt was made in the For
eien Relations Committee to-day tc
reduce the sum payable to Colo .nbia
from $25 100000 to 9l5,000.O00. The
proposal was defeated, IL to 2, being
supported by Senators Harding, OF
Ohio, and McCumber, of North Dakota
Republicans.
A few minor changes were made il
the treaty and a clause added in The
resolution of ratification providing
that in event Of war between Colombi;
and another country her shipping shal
not be allowed Panama Canal transi
without payment of duties and tolls.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Lords Back Government
On British Transport Bill
Lloyd George on Anxious Seat
Until Motion ~ Split the
Measure Is Defeated

LONDON, July 90 (By The Associ-
ated Press ).-The government had enx-
ious moments in the House Of Lords
tonight during the debate on the
transport bill, which already had en-
countered fierce opposition in the
House of Commons, where it was con-
siderably amended. The Marquis of
Salisbury moved that the bill be di-
vided into two halls, one dealing with
railways, waterways and the like, anc
the other with tramways, road traffic
harbors and docks.
This motion was strongly opposed by
the government, and during the debate
which turned largely on the q stior
of naturalization, David Lloyd George
the Prime Minister, listened attentive
ly from the rail fronting the throne
and was in earnest consultation with
Earl Curzon, of Kedelston, government
leader in the House; Sir Eric Geddes
Minister Without Portfolio, and others.
After considerable debate the motion
of the Marquis of Salisbury, which, il
1t had been carried, would have led to
serious dispute between the House OF
Lords and the House Of Commons, was
rejected.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
New Trouble Brews
La Hungary; Allies
Withhold Action
Foch's Demand for Strong
Force to Down Bella Kun
Meets With No Response;
South Europe in Ferment
Ns1r York Tribune
Special Cadle Service
1nIn NYa... Voai. NAhnnn liza

Copyright 1919, New York Tribune 1nc}
PARIS, July 29.-Hungary remains
the storm centre of Europe, despite
the reported reverse Of Bella Kun's
Red troops on the River Thesis by the
Rumanians, against whom the Hun
garians have launched an offensive.
The offensive was prepared while the
peace delegates at Paris were receiv-
ing news that Bella Kun's army was
disintegrating and that Bella Kun him
self had been ovcrthrown.
Around the edge of the storm centre
trouble also is breaking, which aggra-
Yates the situation. Confused reports
from Croatia indicate that there is a
serious movement in progress which is
likely to hinder Jugo- -Slavia from be-
ginning the work Of reconstruction in
Sicsia.
The outbreaks against French troops
in Bulgaria and Greece are taken as
indicating the need for the Allies to
use strong arm in Central and South
for despite Marshal Foch's suggestion
for unifying the military forces in a
combined attack upon Bella Kun's army
for the purpose of crushing him once
and for all with troops from Rumania
via Serbia and Czecho-Slovak under
Allied leadership, the peace conference
thus far has observed only inertia in
dealing with Bella Kun, waiting for
some internal movement in Hungary
to overthrow his government and re-
place it with a government with which
the peace conference can deal.
This waiting attitude on the part of
the conference is partly due to the
attitude Of the Socialists and large
section of labor in Italy, France and
England, which has stood out against
any persecution Of the Soviet in Hun
gary
It is certain that the uss of troopa
Of France, Eng land ana ITALY for sup
pressing Bella Kun would be more un-
popular in the countries where there
is rehabilitation, and this, accounts
for the unwillingness of the peace con
ference to deal with the situation
which is viewed here as grave men
ace.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
King George Urges
Economy i'm Britain

LONDON, July 29.-Economy and in
dustry by the people, as necessary to
maintain Great Britain's commercial
position, were urged to-day by King
George at the Guildhall in replying to
the clty's congratulations on peace.
Now that we are at peace again. ."
me King said, "the country urgently
demands from every citizen the utmos I
economy in order to make the best use
OF the resources which the country
possesses; and strenuous and unremit-
ting Industry in order to insure the
greatest possible production of neces-
sary commodities. Without these we
shall have to face depression and pov-
crty. Without these we cannot hope
to maintain the high position in the IN
austrlal and commcrcial world which
we had before the war.
Il am conider the nncient stcrlir.-
virtuos Of the .siitish people will no
fail uH in the hour Of need"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Thomas Says Treaty
And League Conflict
Colorado Senator .WouM Con-
fine Covenant to ". ,sh-
Speaking Nations

WASHINGTON, July 29.-Expressing
doubt as to the merits Of the league of
nations, and pointing out that either
the league covenant or the peace of
force with which it is linked, must in
the end perish, Senator Thomas, Dem
ocrat, of Colorado, told the Senate to-
day he had reached no final decision
as to the treaty of Versailles.
While hoping that the great war had
lect as to make permanent peace pos
sible, Senator Thomas said he could
see no evidence of such change"
"The world Is to-day more turbu-
lent, and scarcely less bloody, than be-
fore the signing Of the armistice," he
continued. "The people of no nation
on earth seem inclined either to peace
or to the arts of peace. The passions
and discomfort of man rock the earth
Wars cannot be averted by any
plans, leagues or precautions unless
The minds of men become averse to
war; and | am unable to accept the
theory that men can be made merciful
wise and moderate by treaty regula-
tlons. | make no plea for Germany.
one richly merits every reQuirem ent
which the treaty has imposed dpon
her. But the Germans are human be-
lngs, inspired by human impulses. They
nave not accepted this treaty. 1t will
be respected only SO long as the AL
/ hed powers can dictate.
The league of nations is interna-
tonai in its framework, If not in its
substance. The spirit of nationalism
was never more assertive than it is
now. President Wilson's announce
ment Of the right of self determination
was like deep calling unto deep. The
response greeting it was universal. In
ternationalism would be a menace, il
IT were not an unattainable dream.
through no such agency can wars be
Danlshed from the affairs of men.
My study of the causes of human
strife have convinced me, much
against my inclinations, that the op-
tlmism of those in times past and of
those now living, regarding the estab-
lishment of permanent international
relations of any sort, must prove dis
appointing. | am also aware that we
cannot return tc the old conditions
and expect to avoid the old conse-
quenccs. Hence, this address is not a
plea for treaty rejection. 1t may be
bf'tcr in operation than it seems in
theory. / have read the draft Of the
league many times, and | am not yet
prepared to pass final judgment on its
merits.
Treaty and League Conflict
"But | have learned that league
for peace IN the unwelcome companion
of peace of force. Their ways are d.
vergent, their objects antagonis.ic,
their details Inconsistent. The league
inspired by unseish and uplifting
impulses, typifies peace and recon-
ciliation. The treaty, based upon
passion and self-interest, embodies
fnppression. reparation, indemnities,
partition, punishment The lcnyuo
proposes plan for ncw order in
The treaty Is doubtless the best
tina. the conflict OF ideals and intetegts
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Austria Given
z Days More to
Consider Terms
Supreme Allied Council
Sets August E as Final
Date; Hollweg's Plea TO
Save Kaiser Is Ignored

PARIS, July 20 (By The Associated
seven additional days for consideration
of the peace terms. August 6 will be
the final day on which the Austrian
representatives may submit inquiries
This was decided upon by the supreme
council to-day.
The council also decided to ignore
Won Bethmann-H Hollweg's request tc
stand trial for the former Emperor
A commission Of experts will be
named to apporton control Of he roll
ing stock Of German. Austrian Pal
garian railways. The econoM ,ses
Of the Bulgarian treaty, which is nou
virtually complete, excepting definition
of the boundaries OF Bulgaria, were
approved.
The council approved the report OF
the special postal commission which
authorized all the Allied countries tc
resume postal and wire connection with
Germany under such restrictions as
the individual countries regard neces.
sary.
The council decided to appoint {
permanent commission to coordinate
and interpret the German peace treaty
The commission viii be composed o.
five members representing the five
great powers.
The commission will have its head
quarters in Paris, but is empowered
to convene elsewhere if necessary Il
will sit after ratification of the treaty
The members will have diplomatic
standing and will be aided by statfs OF
technica. advisers.
The Earl Of Derby, British Ambassa
dor TO France, was announced to-day
as Great Brtain's representative.
NJ. Nenizelos, the Greek Premier
appeared before the Supreme Counci
day to urge the claims Of Greece
in Thrace, The discussion of the ques-
ton will be resumed tomorrow.
Frank L. Polk, American Under Sec
retary Of State, who will take Secre-
tary Lansing's place at the peace con.
ference, attended the meeting of the
council with the other American dele
gates. The Americans did not expires.
the position Of the United States re
garding Thrace, which still is opposed
to cutting off Bulgaria from the Aegean
Sea.
A proposal by signor Titton, fol-
Italy, in favor of inter-Allied control O.
raw materials was considered and re
iNiiSt ~ LUS economic commission.
france has agreed to let Italy hav,
immediately part of her coal coming
from Jhc Saar Basin as temporar!
relief Of the fuel famine in Italy
The commission Of inter-Allied pow
ers named to consider the revision o
the Treaty of 1889, involving terri
torial and other questions affectin,
Belgium and Holland, held its initia
meeting here to-day Representative
Of the Dutch government arrived il
Paris yesterday 20 attend the sessions
at which they, with representatives o
Belgium, will be heard on the variou
/ questions to be brought up
NJ Laroche, Of the French Foreig,
Cliice, is to be president of the com
mission, and Charles Ii. Tuition, o. tn
British Foreign Office, vice president
DR.. Manley O. Hudson, professor Of Ia,
in the University of Missouri, and Ere
K. Nielsen, of the Department Of State
Washington, will be the American mem
bers.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30

then it will be harder. it is said. for
them to oppose "open diplomacy" when
the peace treaty comes up.
The Republicans are looking forward
to the debate of short speeches which
will precede the vote on each reserva-
ton. This debate the Republicans are
very anxious to have in the open Sen
ate, so that the country may know
just what defence the Democrats make
in resisting reservations.
The chief interest in President Will
sons message, aside from his failure
TO satisfy the Republicans as to his
was in his efforts to show that reser-
vations to Article X are unnecessary
The Presidents statement on this
point, while. of course. it is recognized
to be merely his own view, and not
therefore legally binding, will have, it
was said tonight, at least the effect
of stopping the endless discussions on
this point.
The Presidents View
The Presidents view of the mean
ing of the section agrees with that
of Senator 'McNary, of Oregon. Com
menting on this view Of Mr.. McNary
Senator Commins said recently that if
that were a correct Interpretation he
would have no objection to Article X,
but also he would see no use for the
article in the treaty. President Will
son, however some time ago remarked
that without Article X the league
would be mere debating society,""
Here is what the President said to-
day on that point:
"The covenant Of the league of ma
tons provides for military action for
the protection of it's members only
upon advice of the council of the
league advice given, it is to be pre-
sumed, only upon delibera.tion and
acted upon by each of the governments
of the member states only if it's own
Judgment iustifies such action"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Germany Ready TO Renew
War at the First Chance
Junkers Eager to See Fighting
Open Again i'll East and
Appeal to Silesians

ZURICH, July 20 Frcnch Wireless
Service 1.-The "Freiheit" declares that
the military circles have not given up
hope Of resuming war whenever the
chance offers, especially on the East
crn front. The paper reproduces All
appeal Of the Goerlitz Corps of Volun-
teers as follows:
"Silesians, to arms. A precious part
Of your province is to be taken from
the empire. Enough Of protests on
paper, we must act, you must defend
your province by the force of arms.
Think of 1913. A nation unwilling to
sacrifice everything in the defence OF
the country is an unworthy and a
doomed nation The Goerlitz Corps of
Volunteers, a component part of the
army of the empire, is called upon to
take part in the defence OF Silesia.
Silesians, enlist in our corps"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30

Macchi di Cellere, Italy's Ambassador
to the United States, is being voiced
in editorials. The "Popolo Romano" IS
strongly urging the recall Of the am
bassador and in his is being sup
ported by the "Popolo d'Italia," OF
Milan, and other organs.
"It is certain that Count Macchi di
Cellere contributed much to the mis-
management of the Adriatc question.
To-day we are able to obtain from
America the things needed to save
Italy from a financial crisis and coal
famine"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Russia Said to Seek
Alliance With Germany

DARIS, July 29.-A German dele
l. CATION went to Russia recently
and returnc' with elaborate and al
Turing economic offers, the Echo de
Paris" stated to-day. Russia, the
paper said, is conducting a campaign
to effect an alliance with Germany.
Cecil B. Harmsworth, Under Secre-
tary of State for Foreign Affairs.
told the British House Of Comm ons
on July II the government believed
Germany was attempting to estab-
lish trade relations with Soviet Rus
sia and that a German mission had
visited Russia or was about to DO 80.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Schies,uig People Request
.AlIied OccuDati0n at Once

COPENHAGEN, July 29.-Tmmediate
occupation by the Allies OF the Schles-
wig territory where plebiscites are to be
held, or some other means Of protecting
the inhabitants, was asked to-day in a
resolution presented to the Allied COM
mission here by delegation of the
Sordcrberg (Schleswig) municipal
council.
The resolution was adopted by the in
habitants, it was said, as the result of
disorders by German sailors during the
visit of 1,400 Danish Boy Scouts re-
Gently. The Germans were said to have
insulted the Danish flag.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30

could have produced. But its con-
tending elements cannot co-exist, for
they are mutually destructive. If the
conditions of the treaty persist, the
league will perish. If the covenant
survives, the treaty must temper its
harsher features to conform with the
mission of the league"
"If could write covenant fo- q
league to enforce peace, I would, bear
ing in mind the arbitration treaties of
1918, and continuing Allied association
for treaty enforcement, confne it to
the English-speaking nations and colo
MES Of the world. Theirs are the in
sttqts Of free men theirs the
ton"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Col. Wilfred Thesiger
British Consul for n. Y.
New Envoy Here Third son sf
Baron Chelmsford; Has Had
Long Diplomatic Career

LONDON, July 2s.-Colonel Wild
Thesigc- has been appointed Bri.izh
Consul General at New York.
Colonel Thesiger has had 'or. :.
career in the British diploma e
service, which he entered in Februa.
1897. In 1901 he became vice en-,
at Belgrade. ard in 1906 was prca.e
to be consul a. St. petersbur.
Petrograd For two years beginris
1907, he was consul in the Coars
other points in Central Africa. a,c-
ing in 1909 consul general d. h.
Ababa. Abyssinia. with the locai ,ert
Of envoy extraordinary and mir F., .
plen potentiary.
Colonel Thesiger served in the { ,
African war, and in 1914, at fhc be-
ginning Of the European war. v...
tachcd to the General STAFF at -h. U
Office. He was born In 1871. te th. .
son Of the second Baron Chrin. ,,..
He is married and has four som
succeeds Charles Give Ravlev c.
sui general iN New York, NJ 81. ~
having retired because of i'll health.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Bulgarian Reds
Rise, Seize To,u,,

LONDON. July 90. - A Bolshevik
rising in Bulgaria is reported in a
wireless dispatch from Moscow to-day.
The outbreak is declared to have oc-
CURED IN Il garrison town, the garri-
son joining the rcvolutionists
The town mentioned in the Russian
holshevlk dispatch as having been "oc-
cupied by Bulgarian Bolshcvists" is
given AZ Amboli.
The dispatch also states that n
strike has been declared by the Bull
gar'nn railway and transport workers,
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Ex-Kaiser Wants Chapel
Kept from, Catholics

Z ONDON, July 2o.-The Berlin
newspapers say that the former
German Emperor has written to the
Archbishop Of Posen, asking him to
preserve the Protestant chapel at
Posen Castle for Protestant services
and not to convert it to Catholic
uses.
The former monarch said that It
would be unbearable to him to have
Roman Catholic services celebrated
in the chapel, into which he had
put his whole soul and in which he
prayed for victory for Germany.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Belgium, and Britain to
Get German East africa

T ONDON, July 29.-Plans for the
division of the territory for
merly comprising German East Africa
include giving Belgium mandate
for the Ruanda and Urundi districts,
according to telegram from Brus-
sells. The balance Of the former Ger
man colony, it is declared, will be
under British control, according to
this plan, with clear territorial rights
to Lake Edward and Lake Albert for
the British route from the Cape to
Cairo.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
House Bill Would Limit
League Military Po,pe,
Ne1C York Tribune

Ne1C TorE Tvibuno
Washington Bureau
WASHINGTON, July 29.-An amend
ment to the Constitution providing that
no troops shall be drafted to fight
abroad under the orders Of any inter
national tribunal was introduced in the
House to-day by Representative James
of Michigan.
The resolution reads:
Congress shall have no power to
conscrlpt armies t. serve outside the
United States to execute the orders Of
any international tribunal or body.n
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30
Italy Planning Closer
Relations With America
Press Blames Cellere for Adri-
attic Failure and Urges Recall
90 E,,x-ox, tn IT =
as EnNOy to Z. $

ROME, July % (By The Associated
Press) Both in the newspapers and
official circles, plans for the establish
ment of closer relations between Italy
and the United States are being ad-
vanced. The opinion is expressed that
the case of Italy was not presented in
the ablest manner to the peace confer
ence or before the American commits
sion and President Wilson.
Much criticism against Count Y.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-30

II the purposes of this treaty are
compatible with our national tradit tions
ana purposes, why must It's proponents
use methods which are out Of harmony
NTH the spirit of free institutions. and
'loiate the specific provisions written
nto the Constitution of our country
oy the ;athers?" asked Senator France
The Republican Senator'S are particu-
Ariy pleased at the two preccdents es-
aohsned today IN the Foreign Rela-
ions Committee. Coming on top OF
he opinion OF former Justice Charles
=. Hughes that reservations will be
pinding, and will protect the United
states, the fact that John Sharp Will
ANS made the motion in committee
which dilected Chairman Lodge 10
Eramc reservation on the Colombian
treaty seemed 10 them conclusive. And
reservations are advisable on Co
ofnblan treaty. they point out. why
10, on the peace treaty, where the
rescryations are Of much more i'm
sortance than the mere question Of
whether ships OF Colombia shah paw
piEs d, the Panama Canal While co.
rrnbla is az war?
The other precedent is for open dis
Inssion IN The Senate on the Colombian
.featy. There was no particular 90
~ N'i'9 III SVi'Mitltrf out Inc
Republicans are watching with interest
% see y me Democrats Win oppose
This proposal when the treaty ia takes.
p1 IN Tuesday.
Test for Democrats
II the Democrats make no opposition
men 20 discussing that treaty in the
open, involving az it does sorne very
oeitcate International complications. in
oiuoing the whole sub icct Of onr rela-
t.1az with fatiu.Alnerlca and tne
@anRer of European or Oriental ma.
si0ns obtaining foo.hoid in America,