davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Jamestown weekly alert. [volume] (Jamestown, Stutsman County, D.T. [N.D.]) 1882-1925, 1919-11-27
ALL TAXES Cut in HALF
BY BlL[a6UBMlTIED TO
ASSEMBLY BY ROBINSON

Measure Suggested b npa rti.sn Member Of Supreme
Court Provides sHbn Payment Of Fifty Per Cent Of
the Taxes Levied Against Any Person or Property, the
Whole Tax shall Be Cancelled and Discharged-De
clares There Is No Possible Justification Excuse For
Excessive Taxe.- Other Measures Suggested.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25

protects the ground and adds organic matter to the soil. But there is, accord
 ing to garden specialists or the United States department of agriculture a still better plan and one that can be put in practice after the season for sowing rye or barley is long past. That better plan is to blow or spade the garden in the and give it a heavy coating of coarse manure. Leave the ground in the rough as this will prevent the loss of the val table ingredients in the manure.
 Now what have gained by that plan? We'll in addition to fertilizing the ground and putting it in better physical condition, this; The garden can be plant ed earlier in the spring than if it had been left bare or planted to green crop. And that amounts to a great deal. It amounts efrequently, to having num- Der of nice vegetables on your table two or three weeks ahead of your neighbor who did not break his garden till spring. Such crops as smooth peas. beets, lettuce and onion sets be planted as early in the spring as the ground can be worked If blowing or spading the ground has been deferred till spring, a delay of as much as three weeks is likely to occur after these crops should have been plant ed-whch means, reducing it to money measure, that you will go pn buying veg etables for at least that long after you might have been bringing them in riee and fresh from your own garden if you lad done a little work in the fall or early winter
 And, at the time you clean up the gar den, burn the trash and spade or blow the ground, do not forget to put your tomato stakes and bean poles away in some protected place where they will be ready for next years use.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25

The man who makes a genuinely good garden does not begin in the spring He begins in the fall. But the spring is a long way off, you say2 The bean poles are beginning to rot already. and 1t is time right now to take out Insurance b . putting them away properly And that i- only one of considerable number Of simple things of equal importance that should be done in the garden-now.
 Because you have harvested all the garden crops do not fall into the serious error of thinking that you do not need to give any further attention to tAe garden till next spring
 One of the most important things is to clean up You wouldn't excuse a slovenly kept house Well, slovenliness in the garden is hardly more to be tolerated Good housekeeping in the garden is q matter of importance, not merely because a slovenly garden in winter is the most desolate-looking thing in mans perver- sion of nature. but because the success of next years vegetables depends on it. largely.
 Most of the diseases and insect pests that affect garden crops live over winter in the remains of the past seasons crops Such materials as cabbage stalks. bean vines, tomato vines-in fact, trash of any sort in the garden-should be collected and hauled to a dump or burned. As q rule, it is not wise to place such ma terial in the compost pile, as 1t tends to spread plant diseases.
 Then, having the ground clean, there is another thing of equal, importance. It should not be allowed to lie bare over winter. Ground exposed to beating rains will puddle and wash and great loss of plant food is sure to result. A very good plan is to- SOW the garden in some green crop, such as rye or winter barley That
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
Canning Her Way

Tin cans, and plaAty of Chem. all nliea With fruit and vegetables. are paving the way rom country home to college for ihehy girl these days In Montgomery county, Mississippi Fife Ayers, who dreamed of college and who now, by means of her canning club work, sees her way clear to making her dreams como rue Nlss Ayers stands ready to affirm that a canning club can help girl with college ambitions as much as can rich uncle With generous impulses. For four years this club member has been a mem per or one of the canning clubs of Mis- sisslppl and for two years of that time she has been the canning champion of the state. Her net profits from her canning work in 1919 were .S2SO. .4G
 During the first season of her club work Miss Ayres canned 15db No. 3 cans. The second year she canned on;y sec cans. because the wilt attacked the tomatoes ln her locality but last year 100 No. ; cans were filled and brought her a proht of SIS. This year she canned 900 No. tins The fruit, soup mixtures, to- matoes beans and other vegetables which she cans are grown in her club garden and the said tenth-aere garden is m a line state Of cultivation. sFrom two rows or beans growing there last summer she canned l9S cans, and sold them for &. 50 a dozen. Besides growing the vegeta bles for canning, she also supplies the family table from her plot
 This club member shipped all the good she canned the first two years but the last two years she has been selling her canned products in the local market where the demand was twice as great as she could supply Miss Ayers exhibits of canning and sewing have won her many prizes in both the county and state fairs as well as several trips.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
QUESTION: WHAT IS A FARM?

not it would be recognized in the census as a farm. A small vegetable garden, or a chicken yard accommodating few in dustrious hens, willa not be allowed to qualify as a farm no matter how sue cessfully it is operated what abun- dant profits accrue. After the garden CT chicken yard expands until it includes at least three acres of ground, /or until it's care requires the continuous services of at least one person, or if it yields pro ducts which annually aggregate $25O or more in' value, it comes within the census definition of farm and will be recog- nized as such
 ;, It is desirable that all farmers prepare for the coming of the census reporter, who will request from them information concerning the farm values, expenses and live stock sales and acreage and quality of the crops raised during 1919 Tn order that the farmers may have this fnform:- tion readily at hand, l. .s suggested that they refer in detail to their books and records in time so as to have accurate answers available when the enumerators arrive. In this connection. the bureau or the census emphasizes the fact that the information furnished 10 census takers is absolutely confidential. made so by an act of Congress, and that under no cir cumstances can any such information be used as basis for taxation.
 "Co-operation between farmers and the census officials next January is more nee essary and vital than every before, declares the director of the census. "The world war and the part that the farmer played in it and will continue to play ir tho rehabilitation of Europe served to make the agricultural section of the fouf- teenth aecennial census the most mpor- tant in the nations history. Absolute accuracy and completeness in the census returns is the goal toward which every citizen should strive
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
More Pecans for Xmas

The latest report on oceans shows the finest crop of record, considering the United States as a whole, the promise being for ss per cent of a full crop Last year P per cent of a full acrop was realized. An unusual fact is that this year the promise is fr6n good to exceI- lent in practically all portions of the belt The quality of the nuts is Ss compared to 73 last year.
 The development of the pecan industry during the past 10 years has been re- marlzable. A ready market has deveioped for the improved varieties. Vast quan- titles of oceans were formeFly allowed to waste in the forests, or were gathered only by the hogs. but the wild crop is now much more closely gathered and lnereas- ing attention is being given to the na- tive sroves.s Immense paintings of im- proved pecan trees in the southeastern states, especially Mississippi and Ala bama. are coming rapidly into bearing, and the orchards that have been conduct ed on sound business principles are prov ing a profitable investment
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
Living Better

That the farmers are the chief pork and poultry consumers. when a conpar- ison is made on per capita basis wlriie the city dwellers eat a greater proportion Of beef, veal and mutton is shown by the estimates of the pei. capita consump- ton of each kind of meat and poultry by the urban and rural population, which have just been completed by the bureau of crop estimates This is the first a6e- quate information concerning the meat consumption of various sections of the country and of the city and country population that has eyer been obtained
 The total meat consumption per capita is per cent greater in the country than in the city, and excess in varying de- grees is found in every one of the GUS romary geographic divisions. Beef con sumption is nearly two-thirds greater in the city than in the country.
 In both veal and mutton consumption, per capita, the city exceeds the country, veal by 119 per cent and mutton by 4S per cent, and there is a varying preponder- ance of the city consumption in all sec tions, except that mutton consumption per capita is greater in the country in the west that is, between the Great Plains and the Pacific ocean. If beef, veal and mutton are combined. the city ex- ceeds the country in per capita consump- tion by two-thrds.
 What the country loses in comparison with the city in the per capita consump- ton of beef veal and button is mere than offset by what it gains in the con- sumption of pork and poultry. These are the meats if poultry may be called neat that are more especially adapted to the country than the others. The per capita consumption of pork and poultry in the country is everywhere above that in the city, and for the United States as a whole the country is higher by nearly two thirds for pork and more than one-half for poultry.
 Expressed in another way, the city consumes more beef, veal and mutton per capita than it does pork and pousey by per cent. but the country consumes more pork and poultry per capita than the other meats by 150 per cent and in the city, pork and poultry are AS per cent of the total meat consumption Gin. cuding poultry), and in the country q per cent.
 Beef, veal and poultry consumption per capita are higher in the north than in the south, but in pork consumption the south is higher. The west is above the other sections i'll beef and mutton consumption and is barely below the lead ing section, the north Atlantic, in vsai consumption, but it is lowest in poultry consumption, and except in comparison with the north Atlantic states, is lowest in pork consumption.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25

What is a farm2/
 Because of general misconception con corning the use of this word the bureau of the census, for the simplication Of record taking by its enumerators. has de- fined the word farm in this wise: "Affarm for census purposes is all the land which is directly Harmed by one person conducting agricultural operations, either by his own labor or with the as sstance of members of his household or hired employees
 1 In further explanation of this dehnt- tion the census bureau describes the term "agriculturaI operations" as referring to fhe work of growing creps producing other agricultural products, raising do, nestle animals. poultry or bees. From this definition, a farm may con sst of a single tract ofsland or of a pVm- Der of separate and distinct tracts. These several tracts may be held under differ ent tenures, as, for instance, one tract
 is owned by the farmer and another is
 rented by him. Thus, if a man who owns
 100 acres rents an additional 10 acres
 from some one else and operates both the
 100 acres and the 10 acres then his farm
 includes both tracts Of land comprising
 110 acres.
 By the same token. when a landowner
 has one or more tenants, renters, crop
 pers, CT managers. each different tract
 of land operated ny such lhulN luhalS = considered a separate and distinct farm
 bw the census bureau For example, II a man owning 120 acres of land rents 40 acres to a tenant. and farms the remain ing S9 acres himself, his farm is the So acres which he operates, not the le' acres which he owns while the zo-acre tract which he rents to the tenant com ,prises a separate farm to be reported in the name of the tenant.
 The importance of the agricultural en- terprise largely determines whether or
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
Mosaic Disease Remedies

The United States department of agrl- culture is issuing a bulletin containing several colored plates illustrating the mosaic disease of sugar cane which should enable those interested in this disease of cane to identify it. The mosaic disease of sugar cane, which has been known for several years in a number of other cane countries has rencently been found in the southern United States While this disease. is quite widespread in the states, there are many .disease-free areas from which clean seed cane may be obtained
 The mosaic disease, which has done considerable damage to the cane crop in Porto Rico and some other can country 5, is one of the most serious maladies that has confronted cane growers in recent years, and if unchecked may do incal- culable damage to the great cane -growing g sections of the south. The measusas of control now being taken by the federal authorities in cooperation with various local agencies were preceded by<a com plete survey of the southern states un- dertaken to acertain the extent of the infected areas.
 In badly diseased fields the only renl- edy is to grind. up all the stalks say the representatives of the department of agriculture This means. of course, that carefully selected seed cane must be brought in from other regions for, re- planting. There is still an abundance of healthy stock in Louisiana and the other cane states, so that the industry should not seriously suffer from these attempts at eradication. Where the disease has not obtained a strong foothold, roguing is recommended. This consists of pulling uh infected plants, root, stem and branch. and throwing them down between the rows. As soon as the plants wilt they are no longer dangerous as a source of infection. In damp regions, however, care must be taken to gather up these plants and burn them or otherwise destroy them, lest while lying on the ground tney sprout and so spread the disease.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
COosa Tractor School

Practical education of the farmers of
 Alabama in the use and care of the trae-
 tor was begun by the Alabama extension
 service last week when a tractor school
 vas staged at Childersburg, on the Gen.
 tral of Georgia and Southern railways.
 in the Coosa valley. The school was in
 charge of M. L. Nichols, agricultural
 engineer at Auburn. and he had as his as-
 sistants in demonstration and lecture
 work specialists and experts of the trac-
 tor manufacturers repjresented at the
 meeting.
 The farmers, tractor operators and stu
 dents of six counties were invited to att
 tend the school and thus it was that in
 spite of adverse weather conditions rep
 resentatives were there from Talladega. Clay, Calhoun. St. Clair, Shelby and
 Coosa counties. The session lasted one week but the heavy rains of Monlay Tuesday and Wednesday. which deluged the entire valley, cut off the avenues of travel and interfered with the attend ance. Bridges were washed away, rail road tracts were under water and the Coosa river became raging tofrent that flooded everything within bound.
 Nevertheless, a successful school was held with about 150 in attendance, at ttctSN Jt ol MUOin sldIAGQ III Oil 4hOnuda morning and continued all through the week. Had weather conditions been fav- orable at least 300 would have been pres ent
 A practical demonstration was given ill the field on Friday, made possible by the gravelly soil of the section and lectures were delivered in the city hall daily. which had been turned over for the pur- pose Every night a free moving picture la daniFtinO a aspects of power farming; and in addi- tion other agricultural subjects of in- terest, such as poultry raising, forestry service, boys club work, canning and drying of fruits, gas engines and tele- phones. The hall was crowded every night. Unquestionably good results will occur. One extensive farmer, who hET failed to interest his son in farm life, said the boy had attended every session of the tractor school and had now de- cided to engage in farming as life oc- equation. Several tractors were sold, it is understood, and many farmers are desirous of attending the next school to be held Childersburg farmers desire the occasion to be made an annual event. Tractors were furnished by the lnterf'a tional Harvester company, the Hart-PalT company. Enerson- Brantingham. Moline Piow company, the Fordson Tractor com panv. the Beman, the Mobile and the Avery company The National Tractor company and the J. o. c. company sent tractors, but they were held up by wash outs. The Felso company furnished the drop lights in the city hall
 Engineer Nichols is arranging for, sew eral schools of a week each to be he'd at Auburn, where most of the tractor have shipped tractors 10 be used by the students in the study of power farming. The success of the Coosa valley school will probably result in an early meeting of the engineering forces of the extension service with the tractor of this section to ar ra nge a definite schedule ofe schools for the coming year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
To Cultivate Muscadines

under the direction of the home demon
 stration department of the Alabama ex-
 tension service, 150 club girls and women l selected from 10 counties in Alabama have taken up the culture of the mus caCine grape. Three thousand vines have been purchased as a starte, which gives
 each member 20 vines occupying about one-fifth of an acre. The vines if prop erly taken care of are expected to bear fruit in about two years. The counties | in which the experiments are being car ried on are Dallas, Perry, Montgomery. ! Lee, Talladega, Bullock Geneva Escam-
 bia, Mobile and Baldwin. From numer- ous varieties, the Thomas and the Soup, pernong have been selected as best suited to Alabama conditions All second year club members are expected to start a perennial garden of quick bearing fruits and the grape was selected because of tha fact that it is subject to few dis eases, is easily cultivated and if prcs)- er'y pruned and cared for has an indefi- mite life,
 Mrs Lida Jones, district agent for north Al&tama of the home demonstration de- pa stment. is in direct charge of this work, and has recently returned from
 Willard, N. C., where the United States department of agriculture has a co-opera- : tiVe experimental vineyard at the North Carolina state department of agriculture test ferf9 Here the government has abour 1G0Ce vines in charge of Charles
 De9ring, assistant hortieulturist at
 Washington, who is specializing in grape culture at present.
 Ms Jones had the privilege of working wieA MT Dearing in his laboratory and stuGynS the methods of making com
 nercial products from the grape. Among the many Muscadine grape products hc
 had selected marmalade, a jelly, but
 ter and a paste, and arranged for their
 use on the dining cars of the Southern,
 SeaLoald Air Line and Atlantic Coast Line railways They are all labeled the 4-II brand, with the motto of "To Make the Best Butter
 T. is probable that the efforts of the club work in Alabama at first will be cont;ned to the making of grape juice. It is felt that the Muscadine grape indus try can be developed into a leading po- sition among the fruit industries of the sotth, and will afford a profitable means Of utilizing at least a portion of the vast area of cut-over pine lands in the south eastern states.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
Care In Poultry Packing

Poultry shippers may avoid heavy losses from spoilage by proper methods of pre- pairing and shipping their birds to mar ket. say the specialists w.io nave devel- oped improved methods for bleeding, kill ing, chilling, storing and packing poul- try. While it is important at all times tc observe proper precautions for prepar- inE poultry for the market, it is of spe- cal importance to do so for the holiday markets because of the possibility or a combination of warm weather and a glut in The market causing heavy losses, If ccriec methods are followed poultry can DC earrieu TOT some time even under ad- vev,se weather and market conditions with littse loss rom spoilage Improperly packed poultry, however, under such ad- verse conditions, is likely to be a total loss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
How to Sell Lamb Cuts

In The extent to which the public habit in meat eating may be Influenced oy local butchers is illustrated by infor- nation received by the department of az riculture. Fair dealing and good service are the basis by which the sale of lamb careasses in one locality has been in- cfeased four to five times within few years. Following are the policies 1respon- sible for the noteworthy increase:
 Selling only lamb-neither mutton nor goat meat-when customers ask for laml
 Selling mutton as mutton (instead of ss lanibj, thus enabling customers to7 make comparisons.
 Making special sales of "a good string Of fat lambs" at reduced prices, but not with reduced quality
 In the hands of local butchers largely rests changes in the meat-eating habits of the public the information indicates Considering the health of sheep and the putritfve value of meat. a much greaser proportion of mutton and lambs might be consumed than at the present lime
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-25
Muscadine Grapes Differ

There is a pronounced difference in va- lreties of Muscadine grapes in their valpe for the making of fresh juice and other products. This fact has been brought out by the department of agriculture in
 it's inyeStigatiYns on the utilization 9f this native tybe of grape as an Sddf- tion to the national food supply. The Thomas-is is the best of the varieties now
 commonly grown for unfermented juice. and has high merit compared with other varieties for most other uses. Under the cultural and pruning methods used ft the experiment. at the Fender test farm of the North Carolina department G4 agriculture, at Willard. N. C.. AIusca
 dimes have produced excellent crops when
 uEfavorable climatic conditions ha a,e'
 caused other varieties and vines in sur-
 rounding neighborhoods to yield little or ino fruit.