Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-28
ARTICLE X
FIXES BOUNDARIES
Senator Walsh Declares
League Would Not Hurt
Cause Of Irish Freedom,
ARGUES FROM HISTORY

Denial that article 4 OF the league
Of nations covenant would handicap
the cause Of Irish freedom or fix
eternally the boundaries of nations
was made In the Senate today; by
Senator Walsh. democrat, Montana,
who said no language could be cleafer
than the articles stipulation that
members are to protect one another
from external aggression"
Beyond 'cavil and beyond contro-
versys' he said. this limits our OBJ
legation to the case Of war by one
nation against another. 1t is per-
fectly gratuitous assumption that the
political map of the world could
never undergo any change unless ma
tions are permitted to wage agrees
siye warfare against one another.
Cites Revolts and Purchases.
All South and Central America re-,
VOTED and the Independent govern
ments thereof established themselves
within the DOMAIN belonging to Spain
and Portugal. Article x would have
offered no obstacle to the transfer
nation. Florida passed, by peaceful
purchase, from Spain to the United
States. Louisiana. out Of which have
Union was not acquired by conquest,
but by purchase.
After centuries of vain effort by
England to subjugate Scotland. the.
two countries coalesced. Sweden and
Norway, becoming united through the
Napoleonic wars. peaceably separated
In 1905.
Predicts Future Changes.
changes will continue to be
wrought by peaceful negotiation and
internal commotion and revolution. ST.
IBERIA may separate itself from Russia.
Ireland s1a or Egypt lS. may revolt"
side aid in q revolution, such as
France gave the American colonies
would be precluded under the article,
Mr.. Walsh continued:
The twentieth century is not the
eighteenth. II present day notions
prevalent in England were dominant
in the eighteenth century, there prob
ably would never have been any
American revolution. But deny that
but for the aid of France we would
never have achieved independence.
Under the league it would have been
ployed $4,000 mercenary Hessians to
reduce the colonies"
Ireland and Article K.
| Reviewing Ireland's struggle for
freedom. including her successive aid
from Spain, France and Germany, the
Montana senator said:
mo single nation save the United
| States is today in the same class as a
military power with the British en-
pire. There must be q union Of pow
| ers against her to afford the oppor-
tunity which 1t is said article x de-
I MES to ireland. Are senator's prepared
! to leave open for fermentation another
world war on the chance of q change
| of government for Ireland? I prefer
to hope that the end may be attained
some other way. If it lis said the hope
| is vain, reply that the history of 700
years establishes that the one we are
said to close il no less so. Under. ar
| ticle X, on the other hand, an inde-
| pendent Ireland would be guaranteed
4 by all the world against attack from
the outside"
| Senator Walsh said the sentiment in
the United States for Irish freedom
was almost unanimous. but that the
same senators who said article x
closed the way to American aid in an
Irish revolution always added in the
same breath that we must keep out
of the quarrels of Europe" Taking
up the Shantung provision, he con-
| tinued:
japan and Shantung.
president Wilson eventually yield
ed that Japan might be induced to
j fy&~ he Lao -