The sun., 1919-06-29
abnet Changes Rome Strengthen Bond Between Italy and
Recon.
struction to Over.
shadow All Else in
Italian PolicyWith
America as Chief
Source of Help

owing to matters to which it Is IN.
necessary to refer here and for yh;ch
he was in no sense to blame. Two
years later he was appointed as Am.
bassador to France, where, as ind.
Gated above, he incurred the enr,ity
OF Caillaux and of the latter's asso.
ciates. 1t Is to this enmity that must
be ascribed an extraordinary conspir-
acy Matched against him. In which the
name Of an American woman Of great
wealth and comeliness and with A
Reno record was involved.
Anonymous Letters Plague Him.
The fact that the lady was a fire.
uuent guest at the italian Embassy In
Paris of Nine. Tittoni and OF her hus-
band was made the subject of anony-
nous letters and denunciations ad.
dressed to the Ambassadress, 10
friends Of the TitttoniS and OF the
American lady in Paris, and even TO
relatives and acquaintance of the fair
American in New York. where the
Intervention Of the police and the
postal officials was invoked. The mat
ter formed the subject Of several cable
dispatches from Paris to leading New
York papers, In which the identity o!
the parties was plainly indicated and
was a source Of intense annoyance 10
the Italian Ambassador and TO his
wife, owing TO the publicity which
received.
In the recent trials Of Cavallini az
Rome on charges Of treason in con
nection with the Bolo Pasha conspr-
acy and in the more recent proceed
ings against ex-Premier Caillaux In
Paris the evidence included the auto
graph diary of Signor Ferdinand
Martini, who was a Cabinet Minister
of italy at the outbreak of the great
war and remained in Office until the
downfall Of the Salandra Administra-
ton. The diary contains verbatim
records Of conversations with Caillaux
on the occasion of the latter's stay in
Rome in 1916. Caillaux could not say
enough that was malignant and EVIL
about Tittoni, insisting that he had
always been an enemy OF France, had
done everything in his power to pro-
| mote misunderstanding and Ill will
that he was hated at Paris and a
danger there, and urged that under
no circumstances should he ever be
permitted to become Minister OF For
eign Affairs again and to preside at
the Consulta. 1t Is not without sig
nificance that some weeks after THIS
recorded conversation between Mar
TIM and Caillaux Tittoni should have
| been relieved Of his post of Anhassa-
| dor in Paris and shelved by Baron
| Sonnino. With the downfall of Son.
nino Senator Tittoni now returns n
Paris as Minister Of Foreign Affairs
and as Chief Plenipotentiary Of Italy
to the Peace Congress to find his en-
envy, Caillaux. the assailant Of his
public and private life, behind the bar,
as prisoner of State.
Plotted Barrere's Downfall.
| According to Martins diaries, re-
Gently laid bare in court, CaillauX like.
wise expressed his intention OF bring
ing about the removal Of Camille
Barrere, who for tWenty-one years has
| been Ambassador of France at Rome,
! Barrere Is a close friend of Tittoni and
had labored In the most loyal and earn
est manner with him to bring about q
4 political and, above all an economic,
rapprochement between their respec-
tive countries. alienated from one an
other by Bismarck and afterward by
Prince Buelow through the Triple Al
lance: an alienation which had been
OF incalculable injury to italian trade
| M tot
by Tittoni's foes of his long STANDING
friendship with Giolitti. who has been
everywhere proclaimed abroad as
friend OF Germany and as an adrer-
sary of the Entente. But il was Go
litti-still a great power In Italian poll
tics-under whose control and direc-
ton Tittoni labored for the restoration
of intimate relations with France II
was Giolitti who was quite as much
responsible as Tittoni for the adoption
of a pro- French policy in lieu Of the
pro-German and anti-Fronch course
for which Francesca Crispi was so
much to blame. Moreover, II was
during the political supremacy of lHo-
litti that Italy concluded ~ tho !ast''
cation OF Edwards VII that under
StdHulIlS Win bledt Inl Ildli' VIA
went so far to destroy the effects o.
the Triple Alliance and 70 cut I'aG
adrlft therefrom at the outset Of me
Great War. 1t is perfectly true NAV
Giolitt was anxious that his country
should remain neutral in the struggle
and hold aloof from the conflict. BUS
for many years In the regeneration o.
the national finances so friGhtfui!y IL
volved by Crispi's imperlallstic loAe'e.
he feared that Italy was not prepared
In either a military or In an eConofn',
sense for active participation u the
war.
His Judgment Correct
His judgment, though unpo1NlRr,
was correct. Italy started Inv" l''
; war without the necessary guns mu-
nitions and small arms and was nan
dicapped throughout the struggle .!
her inability to equip for the re,l NE
men available for service at the front
Moreover. the present acute economic
crisis from WHICH Nitti and Tit'o"' are
endeavoring to extricate their coHH!
constitutes the realization ~ "'
gloomy forebodings Of old Father Go
lltti.
AS for Senator Marconi, the i'.o"
plenipotentiary of Tittoni 10 the coz
Eress OF Paris, he is too fam lar q
friend OF the United States 10 Ne'G
more than passing mention. MafE.el
81