davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The courier-index., 1919-02-21

ter are guests of relatives and friends at Hickman, Ky.
 For concrete work of all kinds see J. W Fielder. the concrete contractor stf
 Mrs. Sid Sutton of Little Rock is the guest of Mrs o. c. Sutton Break your Cold or LaGrIppe with few doses Of e66. ii
 Joe Altman returned yesterday from a business trip to Chicago. ]. & p. Coats spool thread, cents a spool. WaQner's- s22 Harry Cooper of Memphis spent Monday in the city with friends
 A new line of picture frames at Fishers studio. Phone 142. '22p
 Mrs. J B. Daggett spent Saturday afternoon with friends in Helena MILLER LUMBER COMPANY make the lowest price. stf
 Mrs. o. c. Norment and Mrs. A. B Stewart spent Saturday in Helena.
 No job too small. none too large We do any and all kinds of concrete work. J. w. Fielder. stf
 F. R. Dupuy returned Wednesday from a business trip to Morrilton.
 Mrs. Hale of Birmingham. Ala. is here on a visit to Mrs Sam Harring ton.
 The best place to do all your shop pinc. Waoner's- s22
 w. F. Nelson spent the latter part of last week in Little Rock on busi- ness.
 R. L. Nixon returned Wednesday morning from a business trip to Lit tie Rock
 J. l. Fisher and daughter have de- cided to retain their studio in Mari anna. s22p
 Miss Helen Buerger of Memphis spent Sunday with her mother. Mrs w H. Lewis.
 Frank Selby of Little Rock spent Saturday and Sunday in the city with home folks.
 J. D. Benham spent Monday in Jonesboro attending a meeting of ice manufacturers
 Amos Lollar and wife and A. J. Lanham of Big Creek. were visitors in the city "Wednesday. Mrs. Earl Mayo and Mrs. Cayee Turner spent Tuesday with Mrs. Will Evans in Helena.
 Exter Clifford has accepted position with the Interstate Grocery Company of Helena
 Miss Esther Friedman spent Sun day with her sister. Mrs. Perry Coop erman at Forrest City.
 Mrs. Sam Friend spent Saturday and Sunday with her sister. Mrs. ! H. J. Hays, at Helena.
 Mrs. John Reed and baby of Dyers- l burg. Tenn. spent Wednesday with I friends in the city.
 W. A Pyron Is erecting hand ! some brick veneer bungalow on his lot in North Marianna.
 Mrs H. J. 0enning And Mrs. J. B. Hood and son. Edward, of Gassett. l spent Monday in the city.
 We ere now agent for the famous Tanlac, the most wonderful remedy | ever placed on the market. Dag gett's Drug Store. els
 Mrs. Exter Clifford and Mrs. C. E- Hefner left Saturday night for Hot Springs to be gone ten days.
 W. T. Nash trainmaster on this division of the Missouri Pacific. was visitor in the city yesterday.
 Mrs. w. F. Nelson returned the first of the week from Atkins. where she visited friends and relatives.
 4 hint to the Sise-you can save money by buying your millinery from Wagner. ~22
 Charley Stevens of Little Rock
The courier-index., 1919-02-21

Have your portraits framed at Fishers studio Phone l42. s22p s. A Keidy left yesterday for St. Louis to spend several days. MILLER LUMBER COMPANY render prompt service. stf
 B. F. Latta and wife spent several days last week in Memphis
 Dr. W s. Beatty of Aubrey was visitor in the city Wednesday.
 Mrs. W. C. Winter and little daugh-
The courier-index., 1919-02-21
LOCAL NEWS NOTES

Tanlac at Daggett's. sl5 Tom Tucker was here from Hughes yesterday.
 Tanlac at Daggetts. s15 Burk Mann and wife visited in Memphis this week.
The courier-index., 1919-02-21
we will show yea Buy them from
 Wagrer's. szz

we will show yea Buy them fror. Waerer's. szz
 C. C. Summers of Louisville, Ky. secretary of the fntsr~Southeru Life Insurance Company. spent last Fri day in Marianna. the guest of R. L. Blair. district agent for the com pany.
 The social studio wishes to thank Mrs D. s Clark for her kind hospi- tality in entertaining them and their guests upon St. Valentines afternoon. Marjorie Willis. Secretary s22
 Circle No. l, of the Methodist woman's Missionary Society, win entertain with a silver tea at the home of Mrs J O. Payne next We'd nesdsy afternoon. February 2s. Ev- erybody invited
 I am organizing q woodman Circle in Marianna Any lady or woodnan of the World is eligible to member ship. If interested see me at once Mrs. T. P Clifford. stf
 J l. Fisher. the photographer. has purchased E. H. MeM lrray's hand some residence Mir. Fls0er decided in December to leave Marianna. but has since changed his mind and an nounces he win remain here.
 Gas in the stomach or bowels is a disagrssabte symptom of s torpid liver. To get rid of il quickly take HERBiNE. IL is a marvellous liver stimnlant and bowel purifier Price e0c. Sold by Harrington Bros. eff
 The many friends of Corp. Ike Pan- ieh win be pleased to learn that he has at last been successful in hear ing from his brother aud sisters. after being in France since August 1 without any word from home.
The courier-index., 1919-02-21
S75,O00.O0 100000

That is safe, strong progressive
 possesses ample capital and thoroughly equipped for he ON THESE CONSIDERATIONS
 This bank invites interview and opportunity to you This i home bank for home people, community builder will welcome the chance for and assist in all legitimate enterprises
The courier-index., 1919-02-21
a. L. WILLIAMSON, Vice President Q. S. CLARK, V. Pres. (Aetivel

YOUR FINANCES
 Should be a O first importance. You not sider of business without establishing relations with good bank SHOULD SELECT 4 BANK
 That will consider and that has know ledge conditions adhees always policies and is thereby able extend credit when credit is needed
The courier-index., 1919-02-21

HUGH NIXON, Cashier !. z. ALLEN, Asst. Cashier
The courier-index., 1919-02-21

In the Coarisr-Iadex last week an error was made in small display ad and in several local readers run by the Purity Dairy. The prices on cream were quoted at s0 and 70 cents quart when they should have read per pint
 When the bowels become irregular you are uncomfortable and the longer this condition exists the worse you feel. You can get rid of this misery quickly by using HERBfNE Take a dose on going to bed and see how fine you feel next day Price sec. Sold by Harrington Bros. eff
 J W Haley, recently of Clarks- vile. Texas, has moved his family to the Grissom place near Rondo. re- gently purchased by Burk and John Mann and W N Haley. and will manage that farm this year. Mfr. Haley is . brother of W. N. Haley of Rondo.
The courier-index., 1919-02-21

| R. FELTON, '. N. BURKE D. s. CLARK
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
STEEL FENCE AND LIGHTNING.

tNa,ion"i Crop Improvements Service.I
In The Skinner time when the thun-
der t.,iJS appear in the sky and the
siofI.t sweeps down on the farm, the
farmer thinks less of his safety than
he does Of his live stock.
When the stock is in the field during
the storm, it may happen that the
animals drift against the wire fence
which may be heavily charged with
electricity and are shocked to death.
The ordinary fence built ON wooden
posts should be grounded every sixth
post. To ground the fence" means
to twist a piece of wire six or eight
feet long around all Of the line wires
Of the fence and then dig q hole in the
ground near the post and bury the
other end of the wire. The hole should
be dug deep enough SO that the wire
comes in contact with moist earth.
A fence SO grounded, offers ne danger
to live stock during the thunderstorm.
The wire fence built on galvanized
steel fence posts is already grounded
at every post and no thunderstorm with
it's discharge of lightning can injure
the cattle inclosed by such q fence.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
PROTECTING STEEL WIRE
AGAINST RUSTlNo.

National Crop improvement Service.1 ,
Fence wire Is protected against the
elements by a coating of zinc. which
when melted, will adhere to perfectly
clean untarnished steel.
AS the steel wire comes from the
annealing kettle of lead, it carries on
its surface flecks of lead, and on each
exposure to air. the steel furnishes.
To correct this condition the wire il
run through muriatic acid which iD
turn is removed by flushing with wa
ter. The wire is now perfectly clean
and is rapidly dried by passing over
q bot plate and Instantly plunged INTO
the Kettle Of molten zinc. :
As the wire energies from the kettle
there is more Of the zinc adhering to
its sides and bottom than to the top.
and in order to make the coating uni
form. the wire is wiped by passing It.
through two balls Of soft asbestos
held in a frame. The wire is then,
cooled by winding on reels and Is
ready for use.
1t is very important that the coat
ing of the wires shall be uniform be-,
cause if it is too thin at any point.
the life of the wire is in danger.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
BURNING OUT WEEDS.

National Crop Improvement Service.]
Dirty fence corners and fence lines
are the spots from which weeds are
distributed over the farm. Cleaning
the corners by hand. pulling the weeds.
takes care Of the corners. but the e1-
tensive fence lines cannot be handled
in this way.
Anyone who has tried cleaning fence
lines erected ON wooden posts, by
burning. knows the danger and anxi-
ETY. Of the work. However, when the
fence has steel posts, there Is little
danger in burning.
To burn q fence line select q day
when the wind Is blowing across the
line, and fire the vegetation when dry,
from the windward side.
II there is large accretiOn Of dead
vegetation along the line the fire will
be very hot and may damage the wire,
So remove any brush heaps, etc., be-
fore burning. The burning Of the ac-
emulation Of one years growth will
not injure the wire.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
SECURE FENCE FABRIC
TO LINE POSTS.

National Crop Improvement Service.l
After the wire fabric OF a steel fence
has been stretched between the end
posts. the next process is TO fasten
it to the line posts.
1t is not necessary that all wires OK
the fence be fastened TO support it.
A properly constructed fence post has
the staples manufactured as part Of
the posts and they are so spaced that
standard fencing will fit them. Fasten
the top bar of the fence In the top
tongue of the post, drive the tongue
well backward over the wire. then fast
en- as many wires as convenient and
the fence will set all right. Three or
four at each post is enough. Dc not,
turn the tongues down over the wire,
unless necessary. and then with the
claw of a hammer carefully by de-.
grees. ,
It Is not necessary to make these
tongues tight about the wire because
If allowed some play, a sudden shock,
against the wire will distribute itself
along the fence instead Of the shock
being all applied to n section be-,
tween two posts.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
THE FENCE POST.

National Crop Improvement Service.1
Millions of tons Of barbed wire, plain
wire and woven wire fences, are hung
on posts and every year adds six to sew.
en- hundred thousand additional tons.
The depreciation caused by the rot
ting, breaking and burning Of wooden
fence posts, is q tax which should be
eliminated. OF the woods available
for replacing the enormous number Of
posts, more than half will last only
two years at best, when set in the
ground. Sycamore. Black Gum, Vel
low Poplar and Birch are almost a
total loss in that time. Sweet Gum,
Pin Oak, Maple and Pine, are nearly
as bad. Locust is a little better and
Cedar. Beech, and Chestnut are per.
haps the best.
A cedar post in a dry climate will
last eight or ten years. A good red
cedar or "boa'd'arc" post will last
much longer.
Very few men know that the most
durable post is from q tree cut at
maturity and before decay starts: or
that while the tree is full Of SapwOOd.
the heartwoOd is soft. The best posts
are cut in the dead OF the winter. They
should not be piled upon the ground
or where they are likely to become
wet.
The life Of a post may De heightened
If treated by coating with tar, dipping
In paint, injecting creosOte, etc., but
at best the wooden fence post is a
poor proposition.
About thirty years ago, a start was
made to secure posts from some other
material, and iron and steel were put
to rigid test. Galvanized steel posts
have been in use about twenty years,
and as a rule are still doing duty.
Many of them have been examined
and found to be in first-class cOndi-
ton.
S~erviceable posts may also be made
Of concrete.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
MORE AND BETTER FENCES

1t will increase the number Of live
stock in the state.
1t will improve the grade Of live
stock.
It will prevent the loss Of q vast
number of animals yearly.
II will reduce the help needed to
care for this stock.
II will materially enhance the value
of lands fenced.
The drive for fences has been ap-
proved by the Retail Hardware and
Implement association of Mississippi
and local dealers in nearly all cOun
ties have agreed to order carload lots
of fencing during the week Of the cam
paign at practically cost. Once feDc'
ing gets a start the sale Of wire will
continue. The county agents and spe-
c~ialists OF the extension force will
v the state early, In the interest
of this drive.
Three or four types of fence will
be presented to people for their choice,
which will In many cases be deter
mined by the cost. From these types
the fence needs of every farmer in the
state should be set and at a figure
most nearly to suit his finances. Types
Of post, such as creosoted. concrete
and steel, will also be considered as
against plain posts which rot out In
brief period of years.
We predict many hundreds of miles
Of fence as u result Of this drive.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05

National Crop improvement service.l
The extension forces of the Mis-
sissippi A. and Nj. college are making
elaborate preparations for a statewide
campaign to urge farmers to build
more and better fences.
More aad more people are coming to
realize the value Of live stock In con-
nection with their systems Of farming.
DiversificatiOn is being preached by
every advocate of better farming. Daily
newspapers, county papers. farm pa
pers and agricultural magazines are
filed with advice, all making a chief
feature of more and better live stock,
pure bred stock which q man can i'll
afford to turn out on open range.
Fencing-good, substantial, permanent
fencing-is therefore very much need
ed. Hundre IS of acres Of good for
age and pasture land is only stocked
&c half It's capacity because of the
lack Of fences. This Is a great waste
Of feed. The rOughage which keeps
U live stock nine or ten months of
the year Is an important item and de-
serves better attention than that. It
Is no longer S o plentiful that neigh
bOrs can keep their herds separated
by distance instead Of by fences.
Good fencing has many advantages:
II will conserve IL forage crops.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
HOW MUCH FENCE TO THE AcREf

National Crop Improvement Service.1
If asked, a man would say that no
matter what the shape Of the acre,
the same amount Of fencing would be
needed, but a moments reflection will
make it clear that the nearer a plot
is square, the less fence 1t will take.
for instance. n square acre is IL
rods. 10 feet and 9 inches on each side,
and will require 30 rods and 10 feet
of fence. If the acre is Is rods long
and 10 rods wide, il will take 80 rods.
If the acre is s rods wide and 20 rods
long, it will take 56 rods.
In figuring larger tracts. the num-
Der of acres does not matter, If you
the dimensions of length and
width. II will take one mile of fence
TO inclose 40 acres, II square. but Ii
only takes two miles to enclose q plot
four times as large or 100 acres.
If the ground is uneven, it Will take
just the same amount of fence posts
that it would If the ground were level.
1t will take more fence wire. but IL
you will remember your old problem
in arithmetic. the number of posts on
Il side Hill plot will be just the same
ne on a level plot because they stand
perpendicular.
Posts are generally placed n rod
apart.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
STRETCHING FENCE
ON STEEL POSTS.

National Crop improvement Service.1
Do not attempt to stretch fence un-
til the concrete about the ends and
corners is thoroughly set. First un
roll the fence on the ground with the
bottom bar mex TO the posts. Trim
the stay wires from the ends Of the
fabric. FaSten the bars Of the fence
to the end post. then go to the other
end post and pull as much as possible
of the slack out Of the fence that is
lying on the ground. Put in the wood
en- dummy post 6 or S feet back of
the steel end post at the further end
and then insert a good heavy wooden
brace, letting one end rest on the brace
collar of the steel brace. Attach the
the stretching is done, the stretcher
bar w lac. fnur- OF fvel SaeW tho
end of the steel end posi-. -seM
the stretclier chain to the dummy post,
working the stretcher head between
the dummy post and the steel post.
While stretching. lift the fence off
the ground occasionally to relieve the
friction and let the fence distribute
itself evenly. When the fence is
stretched tight, the fabric is now up
right. Trim out the stay wires 81
that the ends of the fence may bG
wrapped about the posts to make q
neat job. Draw the line wires Of the
fence with an end tool which is made
for this purpose, around the end posts,
twisting the ends back about the same
strand. which is the best way TO fasten
Il.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
MAKING CONCRETE FOR SET
TING STEEL FENCE FOSTS.

National Crop imEGoverat III S~orvicei
MIXING can best be dune On a fiat
platform made as nearly water-tight
AS possible by placing the boards close
together. BE sure thai YOU have sharp
sand because sand mixed with vege-
table matter will not make good con.
crete. Measure the sand and spread
the cement on top of HE sand and
thoroughly mix sand and cement by
turning over with a shovel or mixing
hoe, mixing until the cOlO Is uniform.
Spread this mixture on the board. then
spread the gravel on the top and cOn
tinue mixing. When you have a uni
form mixture, add water and continue
that until the desired consistency is
secured. Add the water slowly while
cutting it over. as this will save losing
cement. DO not slight the mixing. as
IN the mixing largely depends the per-
manenf results.
II the concrete shows streaky or dry
spots, 1t is not sufficiently well mixed,
and must be turned again. After the
final turning, round up the pile and
it is ready for placing. II you use
sand and gravel mixed, it should be
spread on a mixing board and thor
Oughly wet and then spread the c.
ment on top and mix. adding such wa
ter AZ IL necessary.
The concrete mixture should contain
enough water so that 1t will handle
nicely on a shovel without running OF
much. Slight tamping to remove bub-
bles, to ill the holes and give a per-
feet fit is all that is necessary. A wet
mixture is preferable for post setting.
Concrete should not be exposed to
the direct rays Of he sun until it has
had time to get hard. As oon as the
concrete at the top of the post hole Is
firm, 1t is a good plan to cover with
earth. green grass or something that
will in q measure retain the moisture.
IL the concrete can be wet every day
for a week. 1t will be better for 1t.
Do not let the concrete freeze. II the
weather is frosty, the earth taken
from the hole should be shOveled back
on top of the concrete and left there
until the concrete has set and all dan
ger from freezing Is past.
The best mixture is one part cement,
three parts sand and three parts grav-
ell. As cement comes in bags of 100
pounds, for every bag of cement you
should have three bags of sand and
three bags of gravel.
Use concrete as soon as possible af-
ter it is made. If brick bats OF stones
are used instead Of gravel. they should
be broken up, into small pieces.
Be sure your posts are thoroughly
set before stretching your fence.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
SETTING GALVANIZED STEEL
CORNER AND END POSTS

Be certain that the bottom Of the
post hole is larger than the top OF
the hole, which will keep the concrete
block from pulling out.
Steel end posts should be provided
with a brace rod. Without disturbing
the concrete about the end post, slip
the brace Over the brace connection,
rest the end OF the brace on the ground
and make q mark two OF three inches
nearer the post than the end of the
brace. This mark will be the end OF
the brace block hole next the post.
Dig another hole is by 20 inches deep
or a little bigger and a little deeper, If
the ground is soft and yielding. This
Is important because this brace block
must be made solid to withstand the
heavy pressure, as It carries practical.
iy all the strain.
After digging this hole, fill it with
ground, attach the brace to the post
connection, attach the brace foot, and
press down in the concrete until 1t Is
buried two or three inches below the
surface; then let it alone until thor
Oughly set.
The brace collar should be placed
about II inches from the top Of the
post and the nut turned up very tight.
The collar must not slip. Do not be-
gin stretching your fence wire until
the concrete Is perfectly set and hard
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
STEEL FENCE FOR
POULTRY YARDS.

National Crop Improvement Service.l
In the poultry industry. cleanliness
is of first Importance. Wire which
will stretch tightly on galvanized steel
posts is practically vermin proof and
protects the poultry yard from that
most annoying disease breeder, the old
wood post.
Poultry netting and poultry fencing
are two different things. Poultry net
ting as ordinarily known is made of
lightweight galvanized wire woven in
a hexagon pattern which must be fast
ened into a wood frame, but there is
no way to stretch it tightly. On the
other hand a properly constructed
LOultry fence has the long bar wires
which stretch like a harp and they are
so graduated from the bottom that 1t
is 'tight' against all sizes of chickens.
Chicken netting is generally mount
ed with q wooden board against the
ground and is always unsanitary. An
all-steel fence is the ideal equipment
for a businesslike poultry farm.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05

tNsttona! Crop Improvement Service.l
After The ground has been thorough
iy icVelvd 50 that the bottom of the
fence shall rest suuG.y against the
ground at the lowest points. the next
step is to dig holes for end posts and
corner posts. Under ordinary condi-
lions, with soil fairly firm and not too
wet, the hole for the galvanized steel
END post may be in size 1S by 20
inches, the longer dimension being
parallel with the fence line. Set the
post not less than three feet deep. or
even deeper, II the post will admit
being ore than three feet In the
ground, while leaving enough above
ground to carry the fence.
Corner posts under normal condi-
hons. require a hole whose dimensions
ere % BY 20 inches, and not less than
Three feet deep. Z
Posts should no extend above the
top wire of the fence more than two
inches. After digging the hole for the
end post, make a mark on the post to
show how far the posts should be set
IN the ground. That is, leave enough
OF the post out Of the ground to take
the entire width of the fence and two
inches more at the top.
Put the post in the middle of the
hole and FIJI the hole with concrete.
Level with the surface of the ground,
making sure the mark on the post Is
level with the surface.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1919-09-05
ANCHORlNG FENCE POSTS IN
HOLES AND CULLlES.

National Crop Improvement Service.1
A properly constructed wire fence,
with the weight of two men, bends to
conform to almost any surface. In
setting the post in a hole or low place,
It is advisable to wire a piece of wood
or q stone or an anchor built for that
purpose to the bottom of the post and
then throw a few stones on the top
of this and lamp the earth around
pair of wires to this anchor and fas-
ten it to each of the line wires to
take the strain off the staples.