The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1919-10-10

OF peace.
AnricLE 1s-ro those colonies and
o1ies which as a consequence Of
80 AAee var nave ceased to be under
.ne sovereignty Of the states which
formerly governed them and which are
inhabited by peoples not yet Able To
stano oy themselves under the strenu-
ous conditions Of the modern world.
tnere should be applied the principle
tnat the well-being and DEVELOPMENT
" sucn peoples form q sacred trust OF
civilixation and that securities for the
Performance OF this trust should be
embodied In this covenant
The best method of giving practical
eject to this principle 10 that the tute-
lage of such people should be intrusted
70 advanced nations who by reason of
their resources. their experience or
their geographical position can best
undertake this responsibility, and who
are willing to accept II. and that this
tuteiage should be exercised by them
a. mandataries on behalf of the league.
The character Of the mandate must
oiuer according to the stage Of devel-
opment OF the people. the geograph
situation Of the territory. its economic
conditions and other similar circum-
stances
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached q stage of development where
their existence as independent nations
can be Professionally recognised subject
to the rendering Of administrative ad-
vice and assistance by q mandatory I'M
til such time as they are able to stand
alone. The wishes OF these communi-
ties must be q principal consideration
In the selection of the mandatory.
Other peoples. especially those Of
central Africa, are at such q stage that
the mandatory must be responsible for
the administration of the territory un-
der conditions which will guarantee
freedom Of conscience and religion.
subject only to the maintenance of pub
lie order and morals. the prohibition Of
abuses such as the slave trade. the
arms traffic and the liquor tranic. and
the prevention Of the establishment of
Notifications or military and naval
bases and of military training of the
natives for other than police purposes
and the defense of territory. and will
also secure equal opportunities for the
trade and commerce Of other members
Of the league.
There are territories, such as South
west Africa and certain Of the South
Pacific islands. which, owing to the
sparseness of their population or their
small size, or their remoteness from
the centers Of civilization. or their geo.
graphical contiguity to the territory
of the mandatory, and other circum-
stances. can be best administered under
the laws of the mandatory as integral
portions of its territory. subject to the
safeguards above mentioned in the In
terests Of the indigenous population.
In every case Of mandate the man.
datary shall render to the council ar
annual report in reference to the ter.
ritory committed to its charge.
The degree Of authority. control, OF
| administration to be exercised by the
mandatory shall. II not previousl,
agreed upon by the members Of thu
league. be explicitly defined in eacl
| case by the council.
A permanent commission shall b.
| constituted to receive and examine tn
annual reports Of the mandataries ant
| to advise the council on all matters re
| lating to the observance Of the man
dates.
ARTICLE 23.-Subject to and in &C
cordance with the provisions of inter
national conventions existing or here
after to be agreed upon. the member
| Of the league:
| Ca will endeavor to secure an
| maintain fair and human
conditions of labor for meI
women. and children. both Il
| their own countries and i
all countries to which thei
commercial and industria
| relations extend. and for tina
| purpose will establish an
| maintain the necessary In
ternational organizations;
500
ment of the native inhah
itants Of territories unde
control;
Co will intrust the league with tn
general supervision over tn
execution of agreements wit
regard to the trafiic in won
| en- and children and the tra1
fic in opium and other daL
| gerous drugs;
(d) will intrust the league. with tn
general supervision of tn
trade In arms and ammun
ton with the countries
which the control of thl
tradic il necessary in Il
common interest:
(e) will make provision to secul
and maintain freedom
communications and of tral
ii sit and equitable treatmel
for the commerce of q
members of the league.
this connection the speci
necessities Of the region
devastated during the war
1s14-1S18 shall be borne
mind;
(f) will endeavor to take steps
matters Of international col
Germ for the prevention AZ
control of disease.
ARTICLE z4.-There shall be plac'
under the direction Of the league 9
international bureaus already esta
lished by general treaties II the parti
to such treaties consent. All such i
! ternational bureaus and all commi
sions for the regulation of matters