davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
IRON The New York World

President, that stun bling block at least
can be removed without loss. 1t is no
necessary part of the reservations and
Was preiiXed to them just before they
were reported, with what object Is 10.
clear, but certainly not TO help the
treaty win the Presidents approval
Having stated in reservations our
understanding of the peace treaty and
the way we intend to interpret it for
ourselves, we have no need TO ask
Great Britain or France TO give APP
proval to our determination. IT will
stand without their approval unless
they choose TO denounce and abrogate
the entire treaty because the United
States insists on the right TO interpret
its provisions in harmony with this
country's vital interests and its funda-
mental law"
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
What Is Interference?


Nobody knows what might be in
terpreted as interference Whenever
var Is threatened. friendly nations
have exercised the right to sagges'
mediation or 20 urge conciiistioi.
What has been intended by the one sid
az ar act Of friendship and mediation
has sometimes been construed by be.
hgerents as 'interference'
The adoption Of the Lodge r.rerva-
tion on Article X Is considered en-
barrassing because It would weaken
me moral power OF the government to
exercise any good Offices even in Cen
trail and South America without the
specific consent OF Congress, and It j.
often the case that Congress Is not ia
session when an emergency arises and
there are some emergencies which can
be Strengthened out easily by the ex-
ecutive branch OF the government with
out all the trouble Of IN extra session
OF Congress.
"a specific definition % THE reservs
ton 10 apply only 20 the use of mill
eot uAo HdFdl lpfNtH AN DfONlNefl tNUfF
the Constitution and to leave the exec
dtivc branch Of the COVE rnment free to
exert moral power TO preserve peace.
but preventing Il from using the army
or navy until Congress has said so
would easily bring support from the
Democratic side of the senate"
Reservation four. saying that no
mandate shall be accepted without
the consent Of Congress. is not con
sidered objectionable
Reservation five. reseryine to the
United States Exclusively the right
to decide what questions are within
domestic jurisdiction. is objected to
on the ground that II would give
other nations the same right and
that then England would cali the
Irish question and Japan would call
the Shantung question domestic
matter
Reservation SIX. relating 10 the
Monroe Doctrine. IL not objected u
The seventh reservation. withhold
ing consent from the Shantung set
tiement, IS criticized only in connec-
ton with the existing preamble.
Great Britain. France and Italy
might hesitate to agree expressly
90 such a reservation. IT Is sup.
gested. because their action might
be construed as an a'rront 10 Japan.
The remaining reservations are
criticized in detail. ba' are not held
TO "nullify" the league
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
II They Are Honest

"And yet they claim that they are
opposed to the rejection Of the treaty,
II they are honest--and most Of the
opposition has been downright dishon-
est and malicious-their way to ratif-
cation Is clear. All that they have to
10 Ia TO tone down their reservations.
throw out the preamble which requires
affirmative action by three Of the
powers and ask the Senate to adopt
resolution Of interpretations.
Nothing else is needed Anything
more than this is purposoly intended
to create trouble. Could they subject
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23

reservation is not IN the words Of the
President at Salt Lake and elsewhere, q
rejection of the covenant and it does
not declare absolute refusal or any
sort of refusal 'to carry any part of
the same responsibility that the other
members of the league carry; all that
it does is to explain how the United
States must act, if it acts at all.
"The adoption of the reservation on
Article X is not good reason or any
reason for refusing ratification by the
President"
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
he Nations Rejected Plea for Compron
The Democratic Case
An Unofficial Explanation Of Why the Presi-
dent Called Lodge Resolution Null ifcafion''

the same rules as have hitherto gov
erned the abrogation OF treaties To
which the United States has been or Is
party"
AS to reservation three. the I'm
portant one qualifying acceptance of
Article \. Mr.. Lawrence finds il un-
Objectionable in so Far as It merely
prevents the military and naval
forces from being used without the
consent OF Congress. but objec
tionable in that it would prohibit the
executive branch of the government
from interfering in controversies
between nations
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
NRESIDENT WILSON did not
attempt to go into details in
: his letter advising the Demo-

aCCempC 10 go INTO QetallS III
IL his letter advising the Demo
Gratis to vote down the Lodge
resolution Of ratification. Nor did
the Democratic Senators defend
their position save in general terms.
Just how the Lodge reservations
"nullify' the treaty lacks any Off
cial explanation.
An unofficial defense was under
taken by David Lawrence, writing
in "The New York Evening World. !"
He gave an "analysis made by those
conversant with the Presidents 8
viewpoint" and declared that the
points set forth must be covered in
any compromise that might be
reached. Concededly a number of
the reservations were unobjection-
able.
Concerning the preamble Mr.
Lawrence said:
Reservation ono Is the preamble
which requires three OF the Allied
powers TO accept by an exchange Of
notes all the reservations In order that
the latter may be made part Of the
treaty.
"There Is no objection to making the
reservations binding upon other
powers, but considerable embarrass-
ment and delay will be saved if the
Senate does not insist on an affirmative
expression from tho three of the four
Allied powers by simply changing the
text OF tho preamble to read that the
United States will regard the reserva-
tions as having been adopted II by the
time an exchange cf ratifcations Is
made no exception has been taken by
any OF the powers TO the reservation,
submitted 20 them.
This would permit acqusescence anc
would make the reservations legally
binding on the other powers, for under
international law formal notice that Il
certain action will be taken in 6 speci-
fled time means acquiescence on the
part OF all concerned if they remain
silent"
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
President and Senate Rebuffed,
Wide Appeal for Treaty
Agreement

personal animosities to real statesman
ship, ratification would quickly come.
But they will not, hence the danger of
the defeat Of the treaty"
Another plea for compromise,
putting the bulk Of the blame for
the existing danger upon the Repub-
lican Senators, is found in 1.-The
Springfield Republican" Gndepend-
ent Democrnt):
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
The Democratic Tie,c

Here, on the other hand, is a
Democratic view of this reservation
from "The Cleveland Plain-Dealer":
1.-THE difference between tho two res
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23

bltter-cnders opposed to any league of
nations and willing to delay indefinite
ly the complete coming of peace are
likely to find the Hitchcock reserva-
tions inadequate or Objectionable.
New-York tribune., 1919-11-23
Compromise on Preamble

The other chief point Of comment
has been the preamble, and on this
there has been much less divergence
of view. Republican papers have
conceded that it was not vital and
might we'll be altered TO meet the
wishes Of the Allies. AS The Phila-
delphia Press" says.
''lf tho preamble to the reservations
Of the Senate Committee on Foreign
Relations is the only impediment to
tho acceptance Of the treaty by the
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
ANOTHER NEWSPAPER
SHORTAGE

~ The newspaper industry tn.the United
States is again threatened with serious
Sdtuation by a strike in tho mills OF the
international Paper company. This is
ahe largest producer Of white paper in
She United States, and shortage Of its
supply for any continued length Of time
will create another and very dr1stic
shortage in the news print supply. II
Se a rather remarkable facs that the
Sews print indutry Of the United States
rs run on 50 days supply basis. In
other words. the accumulated news
Sstocks are barely enough 10 run III"
newspapers Of the country fot 30 days
without constant and without new adj
Sitions. The average newspaper pub
usher. during the past four years. has
gotten used TO getting; by in som" way
s8y the skin of his teeth. and perhaps the
gituation will be ironed out before it be-
%omes more serious.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
RIPPING rhymes
By WALT MASON.
THE RACK NUMBER

7 an mn old back pumh"r: nod
and yno"zr and 21umb"r while
things arc marching on: irl| long
nrosv stories of day that are long
cone. talk of hyEnnr ages ana
Quote old Sr"rS and Sacrs until |
spoil n lung: the actors all w"rr
dinrrrs and there wcr better sing
"rs. long since when | was young
Such poets as Tho sped ones. such
statesmen rs the dead ones. thtS"
times can never know; and there
were hotter writer's and more heroiS
fighters in days Of long ago. am
an old back number: stale ch"StnuiS
without number I suffer In rcin1c:
old Joke. That 2v" WAS springlnG
when .hr and &d were swinging
upon their garden gate. There's
nothing modern pl"AS"s: ! liz" the
ancient whr'2"s. ] low" NE moss
grown ways: rrcEreSSIT" things con-
fmunu me-. | Eurr ihr friends around
Ne, with chatter If dead days. L am
an old back number; How long Will
hc nnrumh"r This globe" tn" young
rnlks SIKH; "w" can't enjoy our
having until the old mans pplaYlng
Il Either in The Sky" Tho uld man
know; he's rnStlng Il gloom that's
everlasting ON r"htiv" and friend:
and vet H.. can't h"lp dwelling on
uld"n Line md telling thr tales
that nave II" md
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
TIE WOMAN SUFFRAGE
CAUSE

France Is moving towards woman SUI
fraSe. Great Britain has already grant
Cd 4. In Finland the women vote The
nsw German republic gives women the
bas,e4 and, under the Bofshevik in Rus
sia, everybody voees- It Is q little sur
urfzinE. Il not Significant. that the cause
OF woman suffrage - apparently making
less Roadway In the United States than
in Europe. Yet In this country the
woman suffrage agitation was born and
until the last few years we have led tho
movement. The breakup Of old instftu-
tons among the European nations has
naturally swept away some Of the oo-
sacles to woman suffrage. O2d conven-
lions have been destroyed. New and
more liberal ideas have taken their
nlace. and with them has come more
general recognition Of the political
rights Of women. However. We can
safely predict that woman suffrage in
the United States Will not be long de-
aayed. The president Of the United
States elected in 1920 will probably BE-
4he last chosen before woman suffrage
Becomes general in this country.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16

England has been called tho Mrth"r "f
parliamcnts. She Gavc society tn" Mag
ma Charta in the time Of King I''hn,
Under Oliver Cromwell she destroyed
the divine right Of kings and gave the
world an elective parliament.
1t is to the glory Of our fathers that
they founded the first republic.
In our country man is not governed by
tho king the ariStorracy. or even Ivy tho
majority hut each man governs himself.
Euw England has invented an entirely
new idca-a Labor Capital Iarha-
nrnt."
Six months ngu. in one 1T thrs" cd-
torialS. i made Il full statement regard
ing this new principl" that had been mp
J,licd tn IL few different trades.
III March. Lloyd George called Labor
Capital Parliament. representing all Inc
trades Of Great Britain.
The nam" Of the organization * The
british Industrial Council or larlia-
mcnt.
-Four hundred members were elected
hy two and IL half million Union Labor
men.
4 second fnur hundred delegates repro
scented employers whose combined cap
mi was fifty billions Of dollars.
The Bill Of Rights comprises eight
para era phs,-agrc"d upnn after :"ur
weeks 81 discussion.
These arc the eight fundamentals OF
the now Magma Charta' for British LABOR
and Capital. .
/. 4 forty-ciEht hour week is the ell
max Of human efficiency
, \ minimum wage Is necessary LOT
the hest work and the most health.
Z. Trade Councils are To consider TN"
interests of both labor and capital.
4. Overtime is TO bc dropped at the
earliest moment as Il form ~ ln"ftI"'-
rncy.
5. Trades Unions are 10 be r"c"gni|-
I'd. rs ARE corporations.
Il old Age pensions ar" to bc diStri-
butcd between tho labor and the capital.
Honest and Industrious workmcn
are TO nc maintained .wheh factories n''
closed for want Of contracts.
s. Hours and wages TO be fixed ny
Parliament, and put into law by action
Of the House of Commons and OF the
lInus" Of Lords.
This temple has been built without
sound Of hammer or plane rms I-ahor-
Capital Parliament is 10 be mad" pcrTnh-
ment.
I From THIS Iiuc England has three
houses:
FIRST. he Hnuse Of Commons.
Srcoud thu HuIsc Of Lords
Third. the LuhurA'aptai ParHamcn>'
or tho National Industrial Council.
Tho head VI the new Parliament Is Sir
Thomas Monroe.
The chairman Of the four hundred
members representing labor is Arthur
: Henderson.
! The head Of The four hundred members
! representing capital is Sir Allnn NJ.
, Smith
! The concluding speeches Of tho flrs'
Scssuin characterize" this new charter n
! ushcring Il new epoch for tn" indu"trih'
! world lust as thr Magma Charta MARI
! cd an epoch for the political world.
/ Six months ago. describing IN" LABOR
! Capital Parliament. representing inc
various manufacturers of ch"rn!at" IN
| Great Britain and ireland. wrote these
! words. This Labor-CapiiG Council Tor
a single industry is the seed ~ coming
world movement and the time is not
distant when this mother idea will nc
seen to be as revolutionary and momen'
tous as An elective parliament in 1916, OF
our republic Of 1889"
ihsr Jnaae4b4- ha,.- 7sssJ7 D., !S4xH ~,
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
A FRENCH POTASH SUPPLY

One Of the most important articles
that we have obtained from Germany in
the past has been potash for fertllzins
purooscs. Before the war Germany had
an almost exclusive monopoly oe the
cheap potash Of the world and she did
not hesitate to use that monopoly to
force trade concessions from other PEG.
MES. The provinces Of Alsace and LoT-
raine. which have. been restored TO
France. are potash producers and the
French arc now beginning TO offer pot
ash for American shipment. We have
DEVELOPED in The United States. during
tho stress Of war 4 number Of potash
Industries, but 10 process has been
worked out that will enable TO pro-
duce potash in competition with the
mines Of Franco and Germany. However.
with the French supply we will not
again be dependent upon German pot
ash production
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
COURT ORDERS SALE
OF PROPERTY OF THE
LATE LESTER SMITH

Unless h"ir% ur the administrator ol
tho rstat" mf the late Lester Smith.
former county assessor. who was siam
lev 4 murderer who aft rrward Suicidrd.
pay IA" debts Of the late Mr.. Smith MI
Of the real estate owned by Smith Will
III. hold In III" circuit court Yestcr-
day decree was entered naming John
i. Arbcnz and Joseph Handlan com
missioners Ia sell numerous lots in
Overlook and near Elm Grove to sat-
isfy creditors. Tho court entered tudE-
! .ncnts i'm favor Of all creditors. The
debts arc all small.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16

pisintcgratirn is gradually being re-
nIared by intrsratiun uf tho nations
sources ur life rh" establishment sine"
1891 " moro than l"h."h". ""n acres oil
national. forest land in the west is one
prime may" in tn. n"w process or ma
iiunal indignation. The purchase by
tn" government. sim" 1911. OF nearly
! 600, ur0 acres Of forest lands in. III"
,AppaIac han and White Mountains ut
the cast is a sharp reversal Of the for
NOR policy Of public land disposal.
Again. the LEASING system. established
in 1914. for coal lands in Alaska. TO-
r,thrr with the reservation nf Il portion
, thereof for government purposes. cX-
,nnds 10 another great resource. IN" np-
plication nr the conservation policy
adopted for the remaining forest re-
; sources.
Tho growing policy Of Indignation.
moreover shows itself in other ways
Than in tho retention md tho acquisition
Of public resources. In the development
Of resources tho government has become
active whcr" it formerly was paSsiV"
Tho reclamation law. passed II years
ago. marks tho new policy a$ II app!i"S
10 the vast acres Of desert lands in tho
west.
Tho Alaskan rallrpaG. p'Suh III i'I'' -
second to the Panama Canal in the gov
: rrnmcnt'S major transportation projects.
, Tho proposal to conduct timber opera
tinns by TN" government in getting out
sprucr for airplancs contemplated ca
tending still further the field of public
ACT ion.
With tho birth. five years ago. or the
Department Of Labor. tn" workers pnin.
NJ view has been definitely brought mt"
play with regard (" the governments
mart in the cnuntry's development From
whatever other angl" they may u" view
I'd. the land and resources OF the coun-
try are today looked upon by IN" gov
rrnnirnt as an opportunity for the ma
lions workers. This policy was rendered
strikirgly artirulat" by the present sec
retary Of labor IN 1915. when he said.
, in his annual report for that year. thar
"thc labor distribution work Of this de-
par,mcnt should extend 10 som" such
development Of tn" natural resources ni
his country as will tend 10 make OPP
portuniiics for workers greater than de-
mauds for work.
Copyright. 1879
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
ALLIES ACT VIGOROUSLY

3 The peace council has promptly met
Ahe defiance Of the German National AS
ssembly by instrucsing Marshal Foch TO
sSroceed to the Rhine. TO take charge Of
The Allied armies and prepare for the
Snvasion Of Germany. This is decisive.
not to say sensational, action and doubt
SHess il is justified. Since the signing OF
Ihe arnistice there has been repeated
evidences that the mass Of the German
!; @eoulet did not consider themselves
sSeaten in the war. and the leaders have
I tatudiousl ysought TO create and 70 main
3s8Ni1 that impression. 1t is clear that the
Stine has come to dispel that !deo for
sgood. It is clear that the significance
tot defeat has TO b. brought home TO the
masses Of the German people. as we'll as
to their credited representatives.
4 The outcry that the peace treaty does
mot represent the fourteen points ad-
;vanced by Mr.. Wilson is snsinccre and
untrue The peace treaty restores the
!
Municipalities Of subject races whom
Germany has held by force Of arms. It
imposes upon Germany the obligation to
SNAKE good a small part Of tho damas"
Ssshe has done. and it limits her power to
3srnaintafn armies and navics that will do
Further harm TO the world No on" OF
shese things is in contrarention OF tn"
SaNstrit Of the fourteen points. II Ger
sSd2, ms chose. for their own deception. 10
2 ssEead In the generalization Of the four
teen points something that meant es-
sEeane from punishment for their crimes.
: sonething that meant to them keeping
their stolen goods. something that meant
70 leave them the power again to
t.,breatcp the world. they did il without
reason and without Just cause.
IT IS not at all likely that it will be
s,ece.sary for Marshal Foch To gather
sh;s victorious legions and proceed L"
thu further <ub1ugation Of German ter
rit6Ay. When the Germans are con
{, syincsd that the Allie. are in earnest
they will. in ali probability. make haste
40 sign the peace treaty. If they do not
.they will invite simply their own do
..+ruction and greater loss and suffering
for their people.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16

Tho United States has before II the
question Of providing for the returning
soldier and for the worker who has
been dislccnted in his occupation by the
war. The dislocatcd must be relocated.
For those who arc going To be able to
use it. land will be, RS always. the funoa-
mental opportunity.
The other hcllisercnt nations. notably
Great Britain and her colonies has made
extensive plans for public colonization.
Our ncighbor-Caneda-is working on
crown land legislation. which is perhaps
more advanced oven than that Of Aus
tralia, and the actual location OF return
ing soldiers has begun on lands in On
tario and Manitoba
The same problem was before our
country SO years ago. The question thea
was: How can the public DOMAIN IL"
utilized for the benefit Of Civil war SOL
diers? The so-callcd solution was 10
pass n law providing for soldiers add
tional homestead land. BY the terms OF
the hosestcad law. passed In 1862. any
citizen OF the United States could aotain
free Of charge l60 acres Of public land
after residing thereon for I'VE years und
making certain improvements
But under the soldiers additional law
passed in 1872. any Civil war veteran
! who had already obtained Il homestead
Of less than 100 acres could get with
out the need Of residence or improve
ment, the additional land needed to max"
$50 acres. Every such veteran could
get a paper certificate whereby tho acre
age to which he was entitled could be
secured.
This certificate became known az
scrip, which was document enabling
tho holder to select and obtain from the
government the immediate and uncon-
dItionel tito to q given acreage any
where upon the public domain. Since
this form Of certificate amounted To 4
free and transferable ticket TO piece
Of public land at no definite location.
It boca1nc subject to grave abuses by
land and town-site spectators.
1t does not seem probable that the d.
vice Of soldiers scrip will b" tried again.
It belongs with tho old order nf land
legislation, which resulted in tho disin-
tegration Of most Of the public domain.
| Since Civil war days. however. now
! order has come about
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16

for overseas. but jealous to have q part
in saving civilization. submitted them
selves to numerous perilous experiments
In chemical warfare. and the story OF
these heroes is just now being told
few DAYS before the war closed Uncle
Sam was sending to the American rtil-
iery mustard gas shells. containing a
compound 10 times as effective as the
stun the Germans sent over into the
Yankee lines. Nor was this supcrGas
the only poinson which we had prepared
and were making in large quantities.
There were poison .fogs and poison
smokes and special gases of Il score of
varieties.
In the preparation Of these gases the
son Camp Dix men voluntarily submit
Tod themselves for the service OF test
inr the various gas masks that were
prepared. and otherwise determining just
how efficient our poisons were Many OF
;b.n, lost their lives in this dangerous
work. Others were incapacitatcd for
considerable time. but the work Of eS-
noriueneation went on. In and about
the gas plants death was present all tho
time, and death took its toll practically
srcry day. Concerning these heroes lit
rlc has been said. but we are learning
enough TO know that they took their
risks and contributed their snare zeal
ously and chcerfully TO the work Of beat
;ny the Hun.
The Wheeling intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1903-1961, 1919-05-16
Our Daily Story
TEE DYAL CACHE.

''spud1o. make me laugh commanded
King Brlskctt-
Yea, your Loftiness," replied the
court jester.
And after WEIGHING his ears In thought
a moment, he said. Consider women
yrr can't live with 'cm and VIC can't live
without EN-, Verify. your hightincss,
tbs n funny reflection
Bah. you WEARY me exceedingly
make me laugh you er:lpty-pated runion
grunted King B-skctt.
Aye your Untouchabac, trenoled
Spudzo.
And he strained at his mind And said
Many n man with Il bald head laughs al