davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26

AFRO A. Smith 1898 1898, William P.
jackson ls9S-l900, Ernest f. Angel
l900l902, Andrew j. Eastman 1902 1905,
Solomon 7 Achenbach l005-l9O7, George
w. Winch 1907 1909, Frank Bloomfield
1910, James Ramage l9ll-
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26
Cooley-Wrght Mfg. Co. to Operate OF
Eight Hour Day.

The Cooley Wright Mfg Co. manufac.
turers Of polishing machinery ,sas h65i-
fled its employees that beginning Monday
morning, July % the plant viii operate
on an eight-hour day with the same pay
as for nine hours
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26
Cooley-Wright Mfg. Co. to Operate on
Eight-Hour Day.

The Cooley Wright Mfg. Co., manufac-
turers of polishing machinery, has mott
fled its employees that beginning Monday
morning, July rs, the plant will operate
on an eight hour day with the same pay
as for nine hours.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26
MORTIFIED
Francis Starr Cut Bad Cash in Leg by
Fall in Brook

Francis Starr, the youngest son of Mr..
and Mrs Patrick Starr, fell as he was
crossing the brook on Union street and
cut cash to the bone in his leg just be-
low the knee.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26

Mrs Matte Fuller Of New York City
came last week to spend some time in
town, the guest of Mrs NJ. +. Yarring-
ton.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Plastridge and
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26

Palmolive soap, 500 cakes, while they
last, three for 25c Barre Drug store
adY.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1919-07-26
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY

WANTED = Chambermaid, mattresses and
laundress to finish the season apply to w. NJ
Gale Lake Morey Club, Fairlee, VT. ll2tt
ATTENTION, GRANITE MANUFACTURE
ERS-James S. Bennett, as Pearl street, rep
resents Cooley-W Wright Mfg. Co: ironing
wheels, emery rings, buffers, and all supplies
for polishing mills, cutting sheds and yards (;
tel APP. 2S0tf
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

first parliament whole Armenian COM
munities received arms and ammuni-
tion from the Young Turks, who count
ed upon their assistance in case -,f q
counter revolutionary coup.
All these arms were now withdrawn,
and in the overwhelming majority of
cases the Armenians delivered their
weapons without resistance, in many
cases obtaining receipts from the au-
thorities. Nevertheless, in the out
lying districts this measure led to
the most terrible acts of violence. A
detachment Of gendarmes arrived in
a village and demanded that a chance
number of firearms be turned in, 200
or more. Naturally, in many cases,
there was nothing like this large num-
ber of guns in the possession of viii
layers. If, however, the full number
was not delivered instantly the gen
darmes arrested the mayor and the
elders and mistreated them under the
pretext that they had the weapons con-
cealed
"In many cases torture was en-
ployed," DR.. Lepsius writes. The fa-
vorite method of the gcndarmes and
jailers was the bastinade, which, ap-
piled ruthlessly, led frequently to the
death of the victim Also, the hair and
nails of the victims were torn out;
people we're branded with glowing
irons and all kinds of horrors we're
committed on women and children.
Frequently the villagers were forced
to purchase arms, at preposterous
prices, from their Turkish neighbors
or from Kurds and Circassians, in or
der to satisfy the requisitioning SQUADS
of gendarmerie.
simultaneously with the disarming
of the Armenian population the Turks
were Systematically armed. The local
Young Turkish clubs organized armed
gangs, called Tchettehs, composed part
ly of convicts discharged for the pur-
pose. Notorious Kurdish brigand
chieftains were taken with their fol-
lowing into military service. These
bands were given freedom to raid and
pillage Armenian villages, to slaughter
the men, to carry away the women and
girls. Many caravans composed of
deportees were eXterminated, partially
or completely, by these gangs. Through
the carrying off of girls, women and
children into Turkish harems and
Kurdish villages tens of thousands OF
Christians were subjected not only tc
dishonor but also to forcible conver,
sion to Islam
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Many Driven Insane

Next day. the nurses continued,
I'VE heard the procession Of the
unfortunates pass by. We and Herr
Gehlsen accompanied them fer an
hours walk. Their misery was in.
describable. 1t was a large flock
Only two or three men, the rest wounea
and children. Many of the women wefs
already insane. Others cried Save vs.
We want to become Moslcm or German,
or whatever you want, only save US.
They take US to Kemach and cut our
heads off, Others cntreated us
to save their babies
GAS we neared the city we encopl'
tered group of Turks, who came rid'
ing on horseback and seized Young
girls and children. AT the city gate
where the German physicians have
their residences, the procession halted
Here q regular slave market was heid'
only no prices were paid. The mothers
seemed to give up their babies willing
ly and resistance would have been
futile"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Germany Confesses in Secret Record
Her Turkish Partners Crimes i'm Armenia

about the partial determination the Armenian nation
for by Germam is the import of the book
TWrkel
Investigations conducted the spot oy Dr.
chairman Orient Mission and Of
Potsda the revotion not permitted
public 1t circulated comfdenoUy and the
newspapers enjoned from referring to It,
All the brought against the Of tho Young
dporaon murder, and
piage orroboated and supple
partiay Vouched for By
nationality quasi official stamding The omtiamenio
efficiency 1915 reueoled IN this
colossal campaign Of the Young Turkish Of
of the most
Christian the authors silence tho
German the crimes Of ITS
Turkish aly eloquent condemnation Of the former.
will be reproduced
three articles Of aohich the fol-
lo.vng the first.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
//"HE MOST colossal crime in
- the history of the world"
, Thus somebody has char


- the history of the world"
Thus somebody has char
acterized the determination
by tho Turkish government of more
than 1.ooo.o 600 Of its own Armenian sub
jects, or over two-thirds Of this peace
ful and industrious people of Asia
Minor. Opinion In civilized countries
concurs in the verdict, even though not
forgetting Belgium. And opinion in
civilized countries does not forget
either about the share of the Imperial
German government in this murder Of
a nation; It does not forget that the
crime WAS perpetrated with the con-
nivance. II not active encouragement, Of
the Prussian standard bearers Of
Kultur.
So far the evidence in the case has
rested mainly on the reports Of Ameri-
can consular officials and missionaries
and on the narratives Of Armenian
refugees who succeeded in escaping into
Allied territory. All this material has
been incorporated in report compiled
by . British committee, headed by
Viscount Bryce. Needless to say, the
Turkish government has. up to the sur
render last fall at least, always studi-
ously protested against the greater por-
ton of the charges, and inasmuch as it
was forced to admit them in part it en-
deavored to throw the blame on the
Armenian people themselves, who, the
Turkish government said, had en-
.ineered a tremendous conspiracy
against the safety Of the Turkish EN-
pire. The measures enacted against
them were pure matter of self
defence, the world was asked to be-
iieve.
And the "Christian" government of
Imperial Germany, the ally of Turkey,
either observed silence on the matter
or supported the Standardization of
Constantinople. German public opin-
ion was never allowed to learn even a
fragment of the truth of the matter.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
By Eugene S. Bagger

thorough scientific presentation which
was once the pride Of German scholar
ship. Its assertions are always care
fully and exhaustively documentsd. II
covers the ground completely. Its tone
is cool and detached throughout, ex.
cept in tho last chapter, where the
author exposes and denounces with q
violent sarcasm the lies circulated In
the German press. 1t completes its
case as few cases have ever been com
pleted before that "world tribunal
which is, in Schiller's words. world
history.
The findings Of this investigation, as
set forth by DR.. Lepsius in his con-
fidential report, can be summed up as
follows:
z That the accounts forwarded by
American witnesses, constituting
the main bulk Of evidence, are sub
stantially correct, and that they un-
derstate rather than overstate the
case.
. That the charge, based on this
evidence, that over 100000
Armenians were deported into the
desert and that hundreds Of thou
sands Of this number were slaugh-
tered, left to perish by disease, or
starved to death, corresponds to the
facts.
2 That the most appalling methods
Of wholesale massacre, torture,
plunder and rape were practised, not
as individual crimes of local officials
and commanders, but as promulgated
from Constantinople in the orders
Of the Young Turk government.
n That the Armenian people must
be acquitted Of every charge Of
disloyalty against the Turkish En-
pire. That the attack on them was
launhed without the slightest prov
ocation on their part. That the
Young Turks accusation about plans
of an Armenian rebellion, fostered by
England and Russia, was completely
unfounde1.
z That the prosecutions were car
ried out by way of realization Of
the Young Turks plan to exterminate
the Armenian Christians and sup
plant them with Moslem population
that, in fact, the war of extermina
tion was waged as a phase of the
-Islamistic "revival."
& Most important, perhaps, of all:
DR.. Lepsius's report contains the
implicit admission Of the German
governments share of responsibility.
It is unthinkable, in face of the
thoroughness of DR.. Lepsius's man.
ner, his sympathetic attitude to the
Armenians, and the bearing of the
issue involved, that the report should
not have included the efforts of the
German government to save the Ar
menian people from its terrible fate
had there been such efforts.
All DIR. Lepsius has to say on tt
subject is as follows: "1t was impo
sible for America to know that Ge
many (not the German government
has repeatedly entered emphatic pr
! test against the proceedings of tt
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Slaughter en- Mosse

" Wherever men were driven off
together with the women and children
they were often sorted out soon after
getting under way, or else slaughtered
en- masse in the organized surprise at
tacks. AS result less than half of
the total number arrived at the points
Of destination. The caravans that had
started out in the north consisted, when
they arrived in the south, mostly of
children below ten, elderly women, In
valids and old men. The men and boys
had been slaughtered, the girls, young
women and numberless children raped
The remnant are helpless mob of beg
gars, delivered to want and misery and
perishing through hunger and disease
in the morasses and deserts of Mesopo-
tamia."
DR.. Lepsius gives a detailed account
of the mass deportations in the vilayets
of Trapezunt and Erzerum, conducted
under the above described methods. He
quotes in extenso the report Of the
American Consul at Trapezunt, Oscar
S. Heller, dated July 2S, 1915, accord
ing to which all inhabitants of the 1000
houses in the Armenian quarters of
Trapczunt were driven off and all their
belongings contiscated. The authorities
did not even pretend to bring any
charges against them-to be an Arme-
nian was sufficient reason for being
deported. Women were raped Wholesale
the consul reports that one member
of the Young Turkish Club, which di-
rccted the procecdings, had ten Of the
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Shot Without Trial

"Under the pretext of draft all re-
naming male residents Of many cities
and villages, between the ages of six
teen and seventy, were now taken away,
notwithstanding the fact that many
had paid the legal exemption tax and
others were totally unfit. These col
umns were led off into the mountains
and shot down wholesale, of course,
without any kind of trial, as circum-
stances made legal proceedings i'm
possible"
simultaneously the wholesale dis
arming OF the Armenian populations
was ordered DR.. Lepsius explains that
not only was the carrying of arms for
self-defence general in ell Turkey on
account of the total lack of public
safety, but in many cases Armenian
populations had been armed by the
Committee of the Young Turks itself
The constitutional political organiza-
ton of the Armcnians, called Dash
nakzagan," literally "confederates,
had been the stanchest and most efIi.
cicnt ally of the Young Turks in the
long struggle for constitutional re.
form, and after the convocation Of the
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
A hidden book printed at Potsdam
wherein is put down the ghastly
details of the wanton Turkish at.
tempt to destroy a whole people

all those of the deportees-rE +
women and children-who escanes -
massacre of the day before y.
Turkish soldiers told how v
begged them for mercy on the;, ,s
and how they, when they saw il w..
vain, hurled their own babies ;r.o
river. A Young Turkish troonsr ..;' wv
''It was a horror. I could not shoo.
just pretended" Others. again H.
ed to the German pharmacists n.
Gehlsen, about the atrocities tba,, \,
committed. The slaughter lasted for.
hours. The corpses were thrown ;,..
the Euphrates by the score. For =.
eral days afterward regular e..
hunt was conducted in the underbrr,,
and all fugitives found were killsa !.
cold blood.
From Baiburt 1900 Armenian, mar.
deported. The Bishop, Wartabed n.
zarabedJan, and seven notables w.,.
executed few days in advance
wealthy Armenian widow. who. af,.,
she had been robbed of all her proper,,
was also deported and saved her l;,.
and that of her daughter by prcmis;n.
to embrace Islam, succeeded later :
making her way to Constantinople ge,
story of unspeakable horrors Is renro.
duced in full by DR.. Lepsius. She con.
cluded:
"The worst Of ell was awaiting r.,
when we arrived in the Plain of Ersin.
gian and near the banks of the En-.
pirates. The roadside was strewn wit,
mutilated corpses Of women and gir,,
and little children. Also, the girls And
women In our group were mistreat.d
terribly by the bandits, and their wal.
ing rose up to the skies. When we sr.
rived at the river the gendarme,
hurled all the remaining children unde,
fifteen into the river. Those who tried
to escape by swimming we're shot In ths
water. When we reached Enderes on
the way to Siwas all the slopes and
meadows were thickly covered with
black and swollen corpses whose smell
poisoned the air"
The fate Of the caravans depcrted
from Baiburt and Erzerum and taken
through Erzingian Is described in an
other statement Of the two German
nurses there:
"On the evening of June 1s we wss
walking with our friend Gchlsen, thi
pharmacist, in front Of our house. VI
met a gendarme who said that fec
of women and children, deported fror
Baiburt, were spending the night .
only about ten minutes distance aboy
the hospital. He was among the CISCO
himself and told US about the fate
the deportees. 'Kessc, kesse, surujo
lar Strengthening, slaughtering, '
drive them Every day, he said, he HI
killed ten to twelve men. thrown
their bodies into ravines. When 4
children cried and would not go fu
ther, their skulls were smashed. IT
women were robbed of all their c'oths
and they were violated over again
every village. 4 have buried thr
naked corpses myself he conclude
God may reckon it to my credit
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

prominent Armenians were arrested
and carried off in different cities. Be-
fore the end Of May over 5000 leaders
professional and business men, writ
ers, priests-were seized and deported.
DR.. Lepsius comments, in italics:
GAS the seizure of leaders extends
over all areas inhabited by Armenians,
it must be assumed that we are faced
herb by general measure whose OBJ
ject was to rob the Armenian people
Of its leaders and spokesmen, go that
the subsequent deportations could be
executed without resistance and pro-
test. 1t was also necessary to prevent
the early spread of news from the in
terror. From the beginning of June
all Armenian officials were dismissed
from civil service and the Armenian
physicians and surgeons who from the
beginning of the war had rendered
faithful service in the Turkish military
hospitals were imprisoned.
"All these arrests, embracing thou
sands of Armenians of the highest
standing and education, deputies, writ
ers, publicists, poets, lawyers, notaries,
officials, physicians, merchants, finan-
ciers and all wealthy and influential
elements, were effected without being
preceded or followed by any regular
legal proceedings. Not even the charge
that these men had planned or partici-
pated in activities against the safety
Of the state was proffered. The aim
was simply to cut off the head of the
Armenian body before the members
were shattered. The orders
were forwarded from Constantinople to
the local authorities and were, in spite
of occasional resistance on the part of
! individual Turkish officials and, in a
few instances, even of the Turkish
populace, executed with the utmost
rigor and ruthlessness."
The second phase of the measures,
DR.. Lepsius says, in advance of the
mass deportations proper, affected the
male population only, which had been
drafted for the army previously, or
was to be drafted in the course of
events. He writes:
"Armenians inducted into military
service, who, according to the testi-
mony Of the Minister of War himself
had fought bravely, and not only at
the Dardanelles, but even in the Cau-
casus campaign against Russia, were
for the most part, disarmcd and en-
ployed as stevadores or road laborers
From almost all provinces reports arc
at hand to the effect that not only in
individual cases were such Armenian
laborers murdered by their Mahometar
comrades, but that whole detachments
of eighty, one hundred or more were
shot by gendarmes or the military OF
orders of their superior officers"
The extent of this mass murder
within the army itself will perhap.
never be fixed, DR.. Lepsius adds, anc
continues:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
The Deportations

"The deportation of the Armenian
population was carried out in three
different areas, and in three suhsc
quent periods" DR. Lepsius begins his
story. The three areas correspond to
the three main groups in which the
Armenian population of Asiatic Turkey
is distributed, to wit:
1. Cilicia and Northern Syria, COM
prising the vilayets of Adana and
Aleppo, the districts of Ant;ochia,
Sueidiye, Kessab, Alexandrette, Kills,
Aintab and Urfa.
2. The seven vilayets of Eastern Ana
tolia: Trapezunt, Ezerum, Siwas, Khar
put, Diarbekr, Van, Bitlis.
8. In Western Anatolia: The district
of Izmid and the vilayets of Brousa,
Kastamuni, Angora and Konia. In
these territories the Armenian >popula-
ton forms 10 to 40 per cent Of the
total.
In Cilicia the deportations started
in the end Of March, 1915, and con-
tinued through April and May. IN
Northern Syria and Mesopotamia they
were going on till October. In the
second area the persecution began in
the end Of May. In the third area it
began in August and continued throagh
September.
The deportations in Cilcia (vilayet
Of Adana and Marash, district Of the
vilayet OF Aleppo) began with the
events in Zeitun, in tho Taurus
Mountains. This prosperous city o1
$4,000 Armenians, mostly of Grcroriar
faith, was for long time a'thorn ir
the side Of the Turkish authorities
mo remembered the heroic resist
nnce offered by the population in th
Hamidian massacres in 1866.
According to DR.. Lepsius, from tn
very beginning of the. European wa
the Turkish authorities were ea,erl,
awaiting tbs opportunity to "scttlc &C
counts" with tho mountninecrs. At tt
time OF the general mobilization Il
August, 1914, oil able bodied NAL
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

Turkish government. It has achieved
thereby just as little as has America
with her protests. The reason for
this i'll success cannot be expounded
here" Of course not.
Such defence amounts almost to an
accusation, if we consider that the
German government had very effective
means at its disposal to back up "em-
phatic protests" at Constantnople,
means outside of the reach of any
other power. Also, through his indict-
ment of German press methods, DR..
Lepsius makes sufficiently clear what
he thinks Of the question of core
sponsibility.
On the other hand, the report is
very specific in regard to INSTANCES
none too numerous-where individual
German residents have aided or mti-
| gated the sufferings of Armenian VIC
Tins. Charges of completely in the
prosecutions brought against individ-
ual Germans are also expressly and
specifically repudiated. In view of the
overwhelming impression of truthful
ness and sincerity one gains of Dr.
Lepsius's methods and personality
there is no reason why his statements
in such cases should not be given
credence.
DR.. Lepsius, also, is unstinting in
his praise of the work of American Of
ficials and missionaries, whose reports
he quotes in extenso and with full
Endorsement. His approval of the
British committee of inquiry, whose
impartiality and trustworthiness he en-
phasizes, is equally remarkable and
speaks in his favor
The report itself is divided into three
parts. The first bears as caption "Thc
Facts" The second is entitled "The
Responsibility" The third se.tior
deals with the economic and religious
effects of the prosecutions, presents
statistical data and contains q sweep
ing denunciation of the German press
both because of its commissions anc
omissions.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Finishing che Job

On the following day, June II, regu-
lar troops of the Seth Cavalry Brigade
were dispatched to the Kemach Ravine
in order-it was said--to punish the
Kurds. The German nurses learned
later from returned troopers that the
Turkish military was ordered to kill
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
Driven and Beaten

AS to the manner Of the proceedings,
DR.. Lepsius quotes the letter dated
May 10, of an eyewitness, who says, in
part:
81 saw the people on the way. An
endless procession, accompanied by
gendarmes who drove them forward
with truncheons. Only half clad,
starved, emaciated, they dragged them
selves along rather than walked. Old
women collapsed, but rose again when
they saw gendarme approaching
with his baton raised above his head.
Others were pushed forward like dom
keys. | saw young woman collapse,
gendarme gave her two or three
hard blows and she got up Her
husband walked in front of her, wi h
a thrce-year- baby on his arm. A
little further an old woman was stag
gering along. Suddenly she fell. The
gendarme gave her two or three blows.
She did not stir. He began to kick her
with his boot, but she lay there without
moving Finally the Turk gave her a
terrible kick, so that she rolled into
the ditch. l hope she was dead"
A similar fate befell the Inhabitants
of the D0rt-Jol and number Of will
lagos in the Taurus and Amanus. Peo-
pie we're told those who adopted the
Moslem faith were allowed to remain.
The churches were transformed into
;ul> y
getting under way.
The attitude of the Turkish authori-
ties is illustrated by q quotation from
a government order issued to COM
manders Of army corps and divisions !:
ARTICLE II. The commanders may,
In case of military necessity, and wher-
ever they suspect CD treason or es-
pionage, deport the inhabitants of
cities and villages, individually or en-
masse, and settle them down in other
regions"
The exclamation point Is DR.. Lep-
sius's own.
The chapter on the deportations
from Cilcia and Northern Syria ends
with reproduction of the report OF
Jackson, the American Consul at Alep
: pc. Dr. Lepsius remarks that "this re-
port contains nothing which has not
been corroborated by German sources
Alone from Cilicia, we are told
100000 persons we're deported In tn,
> one month Of July 1926 deportee
passed through Aleppo.
The second chapter deals with tn,
deportations from the seven vilayets o
O Eastern Anatolia.
r On April "a and %, 1915. occurre,
y the wholesale arrests of Armenian
: leaders and intellectuas at CONSTANT
e noplc. Three days earlier q genera
n roundup Of Armenian notables bega
c all over the empire. On April 81 81