davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
URGES. FEDERAL SCHOOL
AID FOR ALL CHILDREN

A plea for the recognition by the
people of the United States of the
necessity for federal support of ed
cation throughout the nation was
made by Dr. Hugh Magill, president
of the National Educational associa-
ton in a speech in Baltimore recent
".
characterization is not only for
the foreigners who come to this coun-
try he said, but it is also for the
+ American citizens. Is that not a ma
ttona1 problem?''
DR.. Magill declared that education
must be recognized as having a ma
t1onal, rather than a community or
state, importance and advocated the
establishment Of department of edu-
cation in the federal administration,
with a secretary of education ais a
member Of the. cabinet :
The realization of education as a
national asset and protection, the
speaker pointed out, was brought out
in the enforcement of the draft act.
In the draft he said, it was discovered
that 100000 native-born citizens be-
tween the ages of 81 and 81 neither
could read nor write, and that a CEN
sus had brought out that. 1,534,0OO
white children above 10 years of age
could not read nor write, and that
the illiteracy among the colored race
of the nation numbered 2,350,00O ma
tive-born citizens.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
the problem without forcing the COM
pany into bankruptcy. Maybe the
News-Tribune can show us the way.
HOW ABOUT THE RELATIVE
WAGE?

Wages were not increased during
the war. Some persons will be
startled by that statement and many
will scott at 1T.
Wages can only he measured in
any degree of fairness by the pur-
chasing power of the money received
by the wage worker.
In other. words, wages can only
be fairly reckoned by the RELA-
TIVE STANDARD.
This is proven by reports of Unit
ed States investigators. In 1914
highly skilled workers received
$4.75 a day. In 1918 the same men
received $3.50 a. day. During that
period cost of living doubled. The
wages of these workers did not dou-
BILE. In fact, they leave the workers.
SO day to the bad.
Figured relatively on the basis Of
advanced cost of living the skilled
worker is now getting in value only
1925 day as compared with $4.75
during the war.
The unskilled worker has Jared
even worse. He is falling far behind
the point of living. Going: down to,
or below, the subsistence point.
Tell that to the next man who
starts talking about high wages. Tell
it to the man who starts a CONVEX
sation by saying prices will remain
high as long as wages are high.
Tell it to the man who says that
wages must go down before prices
fall. Tell him wages never keep step
with the increasing cost of living.
Tell it most emphatically to the
worker and still more emphatically
to the unorganized worker.
Wages, REAL WAGES, are lower,
not higher.
Government boards have fixed
hours of labor in many cases.
Government boards have fixed
prices Of necessities of life:
Government boards COULD fix a
RELATIVE WAGE that would keep
step with advancing prices. That
! would help some.
Tell it to your. congressman and
; your senator. Tell them to study
wages and prices and to ponder the
RELATIVE WAGE.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
SCIENCE HELPS Miners:
WILL Save MANY LIVES

The geophone, invented during the
war to determine the exact location Of
sounds above and beneath the surface
OF the earth, soon will be used ex-
tensively in mining operations in this
country, reports the United States bu-
reau Of mines.
The instrument proved Of great
value to the allies in determining the
location Of hostile batteries and in
detecting the approach OF the enemy.
The digging of trenches or tunnels
in the earth also could be located with
great accuracy.
Almost equally valuable uses will be
found for the geophone In mining
operations, either for sounding p,ir-
poses or in determining the location
of men blocked from escape by cave
ins or explosions. Many lives are lost
each year in mines through inability
Of searching parties to locate men
thus held prisoners.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
CAN'T MARK OUT on blue.
PRINT. OBJECTIVE OF LABOR

1t is impossible to mark out in blue
print form the ultimate aim of trade
unionism, declares John P. Frey. ed
itor of the International Molders'
journal, in an editorial on indus
trial Democracy"
1T would be as appropriate to ask
the question, What is the final goal
of a democracy says the labor
editor.
1.-THE most practical answer would
be, to secure equality Of opportunity
and even-handed justice for all citi-
zens and protect them in their right
to life. liberty and the pursuit of hap
piness.'
"A democratic form of government.
because it supplants arbitrary gov
eminent and arbitrary authority, en-
ables the people as whole to work
out their problems as they arise.
I'VE cannot see the ultimate re-
suits of a democratic form Of govern
ment, but we have just shown our
selves-as a nation--willing to make
| the greatest Of sacrifices in order that
! the privileges OF enjoying this form
Of government shall not 20 interfered
with or overthrown by autocracy and
the militarism upon which this rested.
1--WE cannot know what the ulti-
! mate end OF trade unionism will be.
We cannot foresee all Of the problems
which will arise within commerce and
| industry affecting the workers, but
we can thoroughly understand the
principle which we will apply to their
solution, and that is the principle OF
democracy in the relationship Of en-
ployer and employe, equal in it's ef-
fectiveness to the democracy which
exists in the relationship of citizen
to citizen and citizen to the nation.
| Democracy is the opposite Of class
rule, class rule is the rule Of one
group over another; the formulating
of rules by one group which other
groups must obey"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
:MuRN|AN'S ELECTION
FREEDOM FOR LABOR:

w. F. Murnian, labor candidate for
member of the Duluth city commits
sion, was elected by a very satisfying
majority in the Tuesday contest. and
the News Tribune, the Herald and
the interlocking directorate cannot
understand it,
Perhaps the thing they can't fathom
is their failure to split up. disorgan-
ize and disrupt the labor vote of the
Zenith City. which seems to have stood
solidly behind its candidate.
The election of Murnian against
such tremendous odds is proof that
the laboring people Of Duluth have
ceased to be- led about by the selfish
interests that seem to have such a
firm hold on the throat Of the fair
city, and we hope it will serve to clear
the vision Of the people to the end
that they will 80 in a little stronger
at the next opportunity offered and
eventually wrest the city government
from the hands of the despoiler.
The people can do it if they want
tor rather. if they be- xuid:d by
their own interests instead OF by the
designing politicians 49, Mesaba Ore
(Hibbing). -.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12

When come home. and leave behind
Dark things I would not call to mind
I'll taste good ale and homemade
bread,
And see white sheets and pillows
spread.
And there is one who'll softly creep
10 KISS me. ere fall asleep
And tuck me meath the counterpart,
And shall oe boy again
When I come home!
When I come home, from dark to
light
And tread the roadways long and
white,
And tramp the lanes tramped Of yore
And see the village greens once more.
The tranq1ll farms. the meadows free.
The friendly, trees that, nod to me,
And hear the lark beneath the sun,
Twill be good pay for what I've done
When I come home!
Fix
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
HURLEY WOULD SELL SHIPS.

"Sell the ships, ''says Chairman
Hurley of the shipping board, and
that gentleman thus makes his pres
ent record square with his past, which
past includes fighting against inves-
tigation of the packing trust and let
ting Diamond IT, Logan, spy extra
ordinary for special interests, dictate
his speeches.
All the evidence Of the case, unless
public officials now introduce some
inefficiency to clinch Hurley's argu-
ments, is in favor of government
ownership. In July, 1917, Woodrow
Wilson told us. for instance, that with
their high-handed methods the ship
owners were doing their best to de-
feat us in the war. Years before
that private ownership had ~practi-
cally driven our flag from the seas
1t sold out and boosted for British
companies.
What will our farmers. do if they
have to compete with the Australians
and their government-owned. ships
through another ocean combine? How
will our small manufacturers export
IL they must ship through companies
controlled by the few big trusts?
Hurley's speech produced profound
satisfaction in two. quarters: The
Merchant Marine league, before
which he most appropriately deliver
ed it, and in all monopolistic circles
which fear their turn might be next
If the government were to keep its
own ships.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
WOULD TAX FARM BONDS,

Representative McFadden, Repub-
lican; of Pennsylvania, a member of
the house banking and currency
committee, is out with a proposal to
tax the Federal Land Bank bonds
and the joint stock land bank bonds,
now exempted. AS one editorial
writer puts it, "this somewhat dis
tinguished Republican congressman
proposes to take this slap at the
farmers, under the pretext of hitting
the wealthy bond owners; just as
though the farmers had not already
been slapped enough, or it was a
crime for a man to be rich enough
to be an investor in farm loan
bonds.''
Taxation of such bonds will simply
mean a higher rate of interest for
the farmers, and they will therefore
pay the tax.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
ELECTION or MuRNIAN
VICTORY FOR WORKERS
VII ss~sssAssO
The election Of w. r. Murnian was

The election of w. r. Murnian was
a victory for the laboring element as
the vote by districts will demonstrate.
His vote was smallest of any in the
east end. where the plutes live, and
largest of any in the west end of the
city, where the toilers live This shows
how much the capitalists have the
welfare Of the workingmen at heart,
and ought to be a lesson to 1aborins
men to stand together in future.
The election of Murnian was the
only redeeming feature of the cleo
ton and it is to be expected that he
will make good.
AS Mayor Magney says he does not
want to be safety commissioner and
says he will not take the place I'M
less forced to do so by the council,
it is probable that Mr.. Murnian will
be assigned to that department.-Steel
Plant News.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
RAILROAD BROIHERHOoDS
FAVOR PUBLIC OWNERSHIP

If the railroads insist that the gov
eminent should guarantee them
against financial loss in lean years,
they should divide their profits with
Uncle Sam in prosperous times, was
one of the points made by President
Garretson Of the Order Of Railway
Conductors in opposing dividend
guarantees before the senate commit
tee ON interstate commerce.
He declared that the railroad orders
ARE strongly Of the opinion that the
railroads can best be administered by
a direct government agency, operated
not to make profits but to furnish
service at actual cost"
He argued that If the roads. under
:private control. are to be guaranteed
a dividend, that principle would have
to be extended to cover all public
utilities, thing he deemed to be as
impossible as it is absurd.
whether the railroads: are re-
turned or retained" he said, ''the
matter Of regulation and rate fixing
must be on the basis of valuation.
Why" he asked. should 'posteritv be
burt&ned with a. constant expansion
Of capitalization when exact methods
exist for putting rates on a cost
'basis?"
President Garretson announced that
the four railroad brotherhoods and
the eight international unions affili-
ated with the A., F. Of L. railway
employees department., representing
100000 workers, were opposed to
private ownership Of the roads.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
S0L0NS WHO SEE THINGS
ADVISED BY LABOR EDITOR

Lawmakers who see spooky things
and howl for. cossacks when social
unrest is evident are given this advice
by the editor of the Wheeling, West
Virginia, Majority:
There is but one cure for indus
trial and social ills. 1t is the same
treatment a physician would use for
physical ills, First, diagnose the case;
find out where the trouble is; then
endeavor to remove the cause; if
some organ Of society is not function
ing properly, remove the pressure, or
obstruction, or arrangement. The
human body will work properly if it
is adjusted so as to get natural action.
And the body polite will work if as
sanely adjusted.
I'VE don't need cossacks. We don't
even need deputy sheriffs Deputy
sheriffs are preferable because, gen.
orally, they will be civilians most Of
the time. and looking toward a civil
ian future, and therefore keeping
more closely in touch with their fell
low human beings, while professional
police look toward being more of a
policeman and less Of human every
succeeding year. But what we really
need is simply justice. A sane man
is not going to raise heck and uproot
government if he is treated Justly.
And there are always enough sane
men to take care of the insane ones
by courts of law and due process.
IF the average of sanity was as
high in the legislature as it is out
side. it would be a pretty decent state
Of society to live in.''
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
KOREAN ATROCITIES NOW

Armenian and Korean atrocities
may stink in the nostrils Of the Amer
lean people, but let US be honest
enough not to slobber over these lat
est Of the necessary results Of inn
perialism unless we are willing to end
Imperialism everywhere. Our own
Porto Rico and Nicaragua could tell
some wild tales. And cleveland
Dodge, whose name is signed to ads
reporting Armenian deportations, is
heavily interested in the Phelps
Dodge Copper company. 1t was in
the interest of this company that: over
a thousand peaceable workmen were
deported from Bisbee, Ariz., in cattle
cars and out on the burning desert
without. food or water. The imper-
falistic mind hates atrocities only
when they occur in certain places and
are carried out by certain very bad
people.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
STARTING 1T IN CHINA

No little CONSERVATION has: been
caused in government circles by the
report from Petrograd that a Chinese
labor organization, $4,000 members
strong, has been formed for the pur.
pose Of carrying the. propaganda OF
revolution into China and organizing
Soviets throughout the country. The
government has adopted the expedi-
:ent which other capttanstic govern.
lnents are helplessly embracing az
bolshevism invades :. their territory
it has appointed an. investigating COM
1nittee to see what can be done
ahont i'll
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12

No southeastern state and no
western state is represented on the
Republican steering committee of
the next house of representatives,
says Congressman Longworth by way
Of criticism. Doesn't he know that
the "best interests" of the Republic
can party are in Pennsylvania and
certain parts Of New England?
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12

Napoleon's famous "Old Guard''
said of itself that it died. but never
surrendered. The Republican party's
"Old Guard" may at times surren-
der, but the roster of the next Con-
gress shows that it does not die.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
DIDN'T WANT TO BE FLA1vrERED

DIDN'T WANT TO BE FLATTERED.
Soldiers have no Illusions They.
believe in blunt facts. and Generai.
Mangin is no exception to the rule
according to this story. An artis:.
from the Latin Quarter Of Paris was,
commissioned to paint the Generals.
portrait, and. as there was no othe,
place available, he visited the General!
in his duEort for the first sitting. A..
ter he had sketched in q rough. bold.
outline Of Mangin's severe, square.
features, he was asked by his sitter. to
hand over the sketch before proceed
Ing vi Bss NJ lf ri
Ah. that's perfect, & said General
Mansin. perfect Don't touch II
again If you az you will flatter mel'i'|
.ondon
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
DO WE NEED. SCHOOLS?

More than one-fourth, or 1924, of
the 19,546 children between IA and 16
years of age to whom federal ago GER
tificates were issued by the child
ren's bureau during the life Of the
former child labor law could not
sign their. own names legibly.
In the five states where federal
certificates were issued by the child
ren's bureau, 1879 white children
between IA and 16 years old were Ger
tificated. Only 742 of them had
reached the eighth grade in school.
OF 1886 colored children to whom
certificates were issued only 40 reach
ed the eighth grade. In other words
SO per cent OF the white children and
81 per cent Of the colored children
granted certificates had not reached
the eighth grade in school. In some
states a child can not secure work
permit until he is 16 years old, I'M
less he has completed the eighth
grade. Only 24s, or .1.3 per cent
tof the total number Of children GER
tificated, could have met such re-
quirement, because they alone Of the
children certificated had attained the
! ninth grade or higher. -.
| Doubtless these figures are sub
!; .ject to- qualification, but they are new
ettheless, significant.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
TO STOP STRIKES By LAW

lature shows ne W wrinkle in the
campaign to stop strikes by law. The
latest is that no strike shall be called
until after vote by the organiza-
tons involved is taken under the d.
rection Of the public election officials
after thirty days notice.
An employer is not interfered with
in his right to close down his plant
for any reason or no reason, but if
his employees would suspend work
to enforce their demands. the en-
ployer under the terms of the pro-
posed bill is given thirty days notice,
with public officials controlling the
election before employees can quit
work.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12

Anyway, the: food: profteers must
have made enough money by this time
to retire on. 49, =. ..
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
LET THEM GO

D.. Here is the answer Of the Russian
workers Of Lawrence to the cry tor
deportation Of aliens: 1--WE demand
The immediate opening Of the from
tiers, SO that we may return to our
homes, to our country. where the
glorious sun of freedom shines bright
~, where the working class is the
master Of its own destiny, and where
the songs of the working class free
dom reverberate in: the air. We are
not afraid to be deported but would
rather welcome the opportunity to
leave Immediately"
TACOMA NEWSIES WIN DEMANDS
AS an aftermath of the general
strike in Seattle the newsboys of Ia
coma have just won their fight for
recognition for their union; for full
returns" which means the return Of
unsold papers to the publishers with
out loss to the boys; and the return
ITO their regular street corners Of the
striking newsboys.
The newsies have been on strike
since the general strike Of last Feb
ruary in clean, fair battle for the
principle Of unionism.
The publishers, Frank Baker and
Roy Pirkerton, stipulated that only
Tacoma daily papers be handled: by
the boys. This, would cut out the
Seattle Union Record, which the ex-
ecutive committee OF the Central La
Dor Council and the Allied Printing
Trades felt bound to support. A
mpromise was effected according
to which this publication is to be
sold exclusively by certain boys and
not sold in connection with Tacoma
papers.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12

Th9 poor get genuine sympathy
from 1the poor. nj .5 .a i. Ash. ss M
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
SPRING SUITS FOR EASTER
THE BIG DULUTH
The Lycelll,,s Players Ii,
....!AF,TER OFFICE HOURS,

Some men are quite regular ii their
n BIZ but their
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
NO FALL: IN PRICES EXPECTED

NO FALL: IN PRICES EXPECTED
Popular expectation Of a decided
reduction in prices is not justified.
according to the conclusions reached
by economists of the Department Of
Labor. The warning has therefore
been issued that the establishment
| of pre-war prices is not to be looked
for.
The Department of Labor and the
independently, have reached the con-
clusion that the country is on a new
price level, and that delay in estab-
fishing new business or in enlarging
old, or in undertaking CONSTRUCTION
work Of any Kind because the return
of prevail prices is. hoped for, can
only lead to disappointment The
new Industrial Board is finding the
same condition. r. .n....s.. ..#
|: NATIVES or INDIA STARVING
t After 1s2 years of British Chris
tan rule. the Indian nation IS in q
starving condition, q al tn start line
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
SCATTERED NEWS AND COMMENT

assertion made. by DR.. N. s. Hardi-
Kerr. associate editor of Young
india" In an address before the
Friends Of Irish Freedom. Only one
per cent OF the 315 million people in
India are able to speak English, he
declared, and all demands of the In
dams that universal and compulsory
education. be introduced has been
met with the rejoinder that there is
not enough money available. Yet
$100,00O,000 is taken each year by
Great Britain from India to protect
the Indian people by arms and am
munition!
lover 15o,ooo,ooo people in India
do not know what it means to have
a square meal" was another COM
ment of DR.. Hardiker on the condi-
tions prevailing in his country. In
October, 1917. India offered Great
Britain 100000 soldiers in return
for Home rule, he. asserted.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1919-04-12
OPPOSES WAGE REDUCTION

The business world need not expect
wage reductions because wages are
not high compared with prices, is the
warming and advice issued by the de-
partment of labor through Roger w.
Babson of the education and infor-
nation service.
Il want to make it as clear as pos
sible," said Mr.. Babson, that no pos
'sible wage reduction need any longer
be looked for. In the first place,
wages are not high compared with
prices. Statistics show that prices
have advanced, so far as the cost of
living is concerned. about 65 per cent
in the United States during the war.
Wage rates on the average have not
increased that much.
Business men can not be prosper
Gus unless the workers are we'll paid.
We are not making goods to sell to
Mars, but to people right here in the
United States-working people; and
these people cannot buy anything if
they are not working and not much
if they are poorly paid. The work.
men are the consumers and in that
way furnish the real orders"
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-09
PROGRESSIVE FINANCE.
ARSENT.MNDED ABNER-

we were curious to sec just what ideas our twenty-eight month-old urchin had about money. We showed him some pennies and asked him what they wero.
 That's money for the organ man." he said.
 We showed him a nickel.
 That's big money" he said, and then added That's Hessie's money" Hessio being the delightful person who honors our kitchen.
 Then we showed him a s1 bill There was no doubt at all in his mind as to where that belonged
 "Mothcr's dol1nr," he said
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-09
A NEW METHOD

Merchant: hey say you are very successful with old bills and seldom have to dun them twice. What's tho secret?
 Bad-Bin Collector: I am afflicted with insomnia and do my collecting rights. bSe%
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-09

WANTED-THREE GIRLS. COOK LAUNDRESS, CHAMBERMAlD AND WAITRESS; GOOD WAGES; F R M A N E N T; REFERENCE. MORTON w. SMITH, POST ROAD, SOUTHPORT. TEL 7T. FAIR FIELD LSb"