davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23
Strajk W przemysle
staloWym.

AdDOn loOANhy WI Nhh1ScO ~
czasu strajk W przemysle stalowym
sic wczoraj f~aktycznie.
to dotyka przcszto 40O,-
900 robOtnikow W calym kraju, a O.
kolo 100000 w Chicago 1 niedalekiej
okolicy tego miasta. w perspektywie
50 nadto inne strajk. Sytuacya stale
sic grozna 1 wobec szerzacej sic agi-
tacyi / niezadowolenia mole przybrac
cechy niebezpiecznego p~rzeslenia E.
konomiczno = spolecznego.
Podczas nieustannych ma ten temat
debat We wszystkich koiach miarO--
dsjnych dale sic zawsze sfySzec fra
res o koniecznej koOperacyi piracy z
k~apitaIem, celem r~Ozwiazania pie
trzscych sic problem6w ekonomiczno-
przemyslowych. Zar6wno kapitai jak
praca vida W tel kooperacyi jedyny
spos6b r~ozwi4zania calej kwestyi, je-
dnakowoz kapitalisoi twierdza, IL
przew6dcy zorganizowanej piracy ME
kooperuja z mimi, Skoro domagaja
sic wyiszych plac 1 tax zwanej ,prze-
mysiowej demokracyi", a przewodcy
piracy 1n6w zarZucaja kapitahStom,
re ci nie chca q mimi k~ooperowae,
skoro odmAwtaja piracy prawa orga-
nizowania sic, o przedstawiania i
przeprowadrania zbiorowo swych po-
stuIat6w. Bez wdawania sic w z
s~trzasante, po czyjej stronie leiy vic
ksza wilma, skonstatowa6 W kazdym
razie MONA, re w rzeczywistosd tel
tax potrSsbnej kooperacyi niema.
B~ezposrednim powodem. wybuchu
obecnego strajku byia odmowa pre-
zesa trustu stalowego, pana liberia
H. Gary, Dgodzenia she ma om6wienie
z prDedstawicielAmi zorganiDoNTanych
robotnik6w ich zadah. Odmowe swa
uzasadnial on twierdzeniem, re przeI
tak4 k~onferencye uznaiby Zasade
CLOSED shop, czyh wylacznoSci pra-
cy tyIko unfst6w W swych zakladach.
Argument ten zdaje sic bye slabo u
zasadnionym. Czy5 opr6cz tel zasady
ME byko takie fnnych kwestyi do o.
Czyl ME praktykuje sic te-
&C codzennie, re z dysknsyi mad pc
sprawl wyklucna sic wprost
CORY pewne kwestye, co do kt6rych
dyskutujacy wiedza, IL maja wrecz
zapatrywania 1 Cd Mich ME
Wyje1diaJqc q Europy, pan Herbert
Hoover wydaI pod adresem ludlow
Starego Swiata o~strzeienie, W kt6--
rem wskazal ma niebezpieczenstwo
socyalizacyi czyh upanstwowiania
przemyslu, gdyz TO must sic zawsze
odbic niekorZystnie W zmniejszeniu
sic produkcyi. Pan Hoover zfozyf do
woody, re umie sic dobrze 1 trzezwo
oryentowa6 W sytuacyi 4 twierdzenie
lego wydaje sic zupenie siusznem.
pod zarzadem pailstwa be-
przemysiem, do kt6regO bedzie
sic miesza6 polityka 1 kt6ry niejed-
bedzie prowad0ony ME lyle
Ola cel6w produkcyi, lie ola celow
po~litycznych. A gdy jeszcze dodamy
dc tego ubytek prywatnej in~icyatyWy'
z EatwoScta pojmiemy, jak rozsadne
byto ostrze1enie pana Hoovera. Me
ulega zaS kwestyi, Re zajmowanie wo-
bee piracy takiego stanOwiska, jake
vs. lynn wypadku zajai pan Gary, Cd
mawiajac wprost wszelkiej konferen-
cyl, predzej mole doprowadzi6 do So
cyaBzacyi przemysiu aniieli wszyst-
kie razem wziete mowy, w~ygiaszane
przez agitator6w sOcyalistycznych Z
pudei cd mydla 20 rogach uhc.
Ale z drugiej strony trudno uspra-
wiedIIwie, dlaczego p~rzew6dcy robot
nfk6w odrzucih zupemie wszelka mysl
arbitracyi. Sprawiedliwy sad roSjem-
czy m6glby she okaza6 n~ajlepszym o.
pickunem fnteres6w robotnicZych.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23
MACIERZ POLSKA.

lase>orEanizaeys ssczscs mfodIist poll
Ska obo1ga plci W prAcach naukoWych'
Satryotycxnyeh 4 oratniej pomocy, ola
bodnfeslsniA ducha morGlnosct dooro-
bytu W spoleczenstwie. q s~sc1egolnie
niedxy mfodBieza polske- Mona Sapi-
1aE sic ma posmiertne cd lat IL do IS;
IA czfonkow StowarzysEonych bex o.
granicZenia Wieku
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23
ZTEKIR EDAKCYJNEJ.

CharakterystycLnem jest jednak, re
przew6dcy unijni systematycznie ia
arbitracye godzi6 sic ME chca. I dla-
tego, jak W niejednym TAX 1 W tym
w~ypadku, mimowoli sic ma
mySl, liz strajk obecny ME ma ma cclu
polepszenia stanowiska robotnika, a
rac1ej zyskanie kontroli mad MIN
przez organizacye unijna. Jest to Ia
tenn ME strajk o warunki piracy, n o
wladze.
Pomiedzy wyszczeg6lnionymi przez
k~onferencye W Pittsburghu celami
strajku diva So najbardziej k~onkretne
i zasadnicze, a mianowicie walka o
,,closed shop i o collective bargain
ing", czyli o ~wyiacznosC piracy unij-
mel 1 o prawo zbiorowego stawiania i
przeprowadzanfa postulat6w robotni-
czych. Pierwsza wyklucza cd piracy
robotnika, kt0ry do organizacyi ME
naleiy, a wiec so krzywdzi, drugie
zaS jest jednostronne i wyklucza Ia
sadnicZo arbitracye. Zreszta mic O
tenn w tym wypadku movie praguie-
my.
Poza tenn oSwiadczenia ,~,leader6w'
strajkowych roja sic cd zazalen ma
,,Okropne warunki pracy'', ale gubia
sic zanadto W og6lnikach. Wiemy
zas wszyscy dobrze, ie robotnik "
przemySle stalowym zarabfa obecnje
stoSunkowo niezle 1 ze kompanie CO.
raz wiecej Z~aczynaja dbaG o Sanitarne
warunki piracy. Dlatcgo podobne gu
bienie sic w og6lnikach wygladac mu-
81 podejrzanie. Umacnia to tyIko wra-
zenie, o kt6rem wspomnielismy po-
przednio, re W zasadZie ME chodzi O
O co innego jak o absolutne opano--
wanie wladzy przez przew6dc6w unij-
nych. To Zas mole sic okazaG r6wno-
zracznem re strajkiem powszechnym.
\ strajk p~owszechny, to macy akcya
bezpoSrednia / zaStosowanie terroru.
II p~Owyzszego widzimy, re owa tax
szeroko reklamowana ,~,kooperacya"
w przemySle jest w tym wypadku
zn0w tylko pieknem hasiem / fraze-
sem, DO ami jedna ami druga strona
ME okazaIy ~potrzebnej dobrej wolf,
kt0raby mogia beZrobociu Zapobiedz.
Walka sic rozpoczeia / bedzie z pew
noScia zacieta- Bierzc W .niei udziaI
ogrOmny proccnt naszych rodak6w.
Pod ich adrescm i w ich interesie tn
sic Zwracamy 2 weZwaniem, ably, sko-
10 JUL wake rozpoczeli, prowadzili
jq tylko srodkami legalnymi, ME da-
jac sic sprowokowac i wytrqciG z r6-
wnowagi.
Smutne doSwiadczenie z Mielu straj-
k0w W tym kraju ucZy mas, re zbyt
czesto W cZasie ich krwia pfacili Po-
lacy, a prawdziwi i~nspiratorZy kryh
sic w6wczas pc katach. Przychodziiy
nam w6wczas M panied siowa Cho-
raIu: ,,Ty reka karaj, ME SLEEPY
miecz." Dlatego z powyiszem wezwa-
MEM zwracamy sic teraz, wicrzac, il
spelniamy W ten sposob cielacy ma
mas obowiaZek.
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23

Polsh polityk, czy wiekszy oy nniH
sxy "a obowiaSek poczytywac Ochtl
powtnien stalls rekiamowac nafodo
VOC mana
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23

NfeOuts .stdr1 IpssRdss 30
bufa ste % sdaHtH, - must r.
red Nednocsono, niGuLe1A1 Z
bAnoHSQdna PoLskd.
- Woodrow WLSoRI
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23

Rod ndrUdu pEeeS nGrd ID
Dny0dn, sIe kpt1tscS poDtGTzchN
ns1L !
- AbrahdmL h1cohI
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1919-09-23

Ale z drugiej strony trudno uspra-
wiedIIwie, dIaczego przew6dcy robot
nfk6w odrzucih zupehie wszelka mySl
arbitracyi. Sprawiedliwy sad ro1jem-
czy m6glby she okaza6 na~jlepszym o.
piekunem fnteres6w robotniczych.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
A Thing Ugly
In Intention

My readers will recall how often I have
written of this great system Of defence,
stretching from the Scarpe to the Somme;
they will have visualized it as a fortifca-
ton. q system of intricate field works,
with forts. In a certain sense this was
exact, in another it was totally false. Here
IS what this French woman found in the
very heart of the Hindenburg line facing
Queant.
Where the famous switch line began,
facing Bullecourt where once the Aus
traians we're slaughtered, surrounded on all
sides by places whose names we're in all
the news a few months ago, imme-
dately before her was her own village
OF it these remained a few masses of riven
masonry, endless heaps of brick and dust,
formless masses of ruins, themselves half
buried in ashes. Where the village church
had stood a squat German dugout arose
in stark ugliness, the single existing struct-
ure that had form. Looking north, east
south or west from the gentle eminence
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
O the Peace Table via the Hindenburg Line

the shells, to supply the labor and the ma
terial to furnish the new homes with what
they stole from the old before they wrecked
them, to return the machinery which they
carted to Germany, to supply beginning,
for they took everything movable and de-
stroyed everything that was immoyabe
There is still another problem. You will
find it at Lens if you follow in the foot
steps Of the Canadians over Vimy Ridge to
the fat lands below. Here were the coal
mines of France, surrounded by a score of
little cities, model cities, with their we'll
ordered brick homes cities of which Lens
was but the most considerable. A hundred
thousand people lived in these cities, lived
in q degree of comfort which was unmis-
taxable, and year by year brought up from
the ground some 100000 tons of coal, the
greater share of the French supply and the
very foundation of French industry
And Of all these little cities are left only
vast heaps of splintered beams and smashed
bricks. Mile on mile in all directions not
house stands. Into the mines the Germans
turned the foods. Such machinery as they
could not remove they smashed. Each house
was treated to dynamite. The industry Of
destruction unbelievable. City blocks
fallen by the wayside, were picked clean of
the straw. 1t was as if the contract had
called for utter ruin, and the Germans life
had depended upon the completeness of the
destruction.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
ne Trust! Farmers, Too, 10000 Of Them

ciple of fixing wheat prices on this CONT
nent at an equitable price to the grower.
In the spring of 1917, before the United
States entered the war, wheat stood at
about s175 per bushel, but had wildly
fuctuated during the preceding twelve
months, ranging from $1,06 to s191, and
was climbing steadily higher. The British
government had fixed minimum price for
home grown wheat of about $1S2, had
bought the whole available surplus of Aus
trala at about SLIP and controlled the sur
plus crops of India and Egypt. Acting, there
fore, as an intermediary for the British
government, Sir George Foster, Canadian
Minister of Trade and Commerce. ap-
preached the Canadian Council of Agricul-
ture which is a consolidation Of all the
FIVE organizations mentioned above, with
the offer of $3.50 bushel for their entire
1912 crop before it sown, this price to
Great Lakes. Much to his and the general
SURPRISE the council refused his offer, and
named as the lowest acceptable the fiat rate
of $40 or preferably guarantee of prices
from a minimum of $3.50 to maximum Of
$3.50 Taking into consideration the ire
mendously increased cost of production,
the organized farmers of Western Canada
defend their seeming profteering by sub
hitting that there was no moral obliga-
ton upon them to produce wheat at loss
or lower than the British farmer - a
price in fact, which would have the oppo-
site result of dscouraging wheat produc-
ton. The government felt this figure was
too high, but q very few months later in
concert with the action of the United States
government, itself fixed the price at s221.
There is very little doubt that had the
price OF wheat not been fixed it would
to-day be around SO or s4. It actually
touched SO in May, 1917; so that on both
counts the farmers offer would in the IN
shot have been to the national advantage.
"u' no" came the farmers to possess
these unexpected powers of saying "no"g
The farmer had hitherto been the ultimate
goat, to whom the world successfully PASSED
the buck Of low prices. Practically alone
OF all prime producers, the farmer was
the only one who did not control the selling
price of his commodity, based upon cost OF
production plus handling charges. but had
to take what the world would give him
Inc more there was Of his one commodity
in the market, the less he got. The answe,
lies in tho fact that while in 1905. it's irst
year, the one farmers trading companv
handled less than 3 per cent of the total
volume Of grain exported from Western
Canaoa, which was roughly 10000, o0o bush
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
The Terrible Lesson of the
''Cerman Desert" and Its
Begggary to France
By Frank H. Si1nonds

French and Belgians lived five years ago,
just nothing. Villages, forests, the fruit
trees, and the garden shrubs, like the
buildings, all gone. How, then, are the
peace makers at Paris to set in motion the
machinery, itself all to be made which will
bring the old inhabitants back to the Ger
man desert which, like the Great Amer
lean Desert OF the last century, separates
two smiling regions? How are the millions
of little people, with their hocks and their
farm implements, TO be returned? How
ere the Germans, who did this thing to
undo it?
In Paris one talks of the league Of ma
tons and the right of self determination,
but the Hndenburg hne one thinks of
something more specific, more tangible
On the Hndenburg line I found a French
woman who had come to look for the first
time at what had been her home, the village
in which she had been born, and her peo-
pie time out of mind. | found her ex-
hausted beside the road, after the thirty
mile walk, her face again turned toward
her place of exile. And this is what for
her, for her children, her friends and
neighbors the Hindenburg line was
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
In tie "Gern7an
De Sert"

1t is in the dead cities and even more in
the dead villages of Northern France that
one must seek evidence Of what this Ger
man thing has meant must seek some
innate of that vast account which remains
to be settled The German has gone. He
has vanished out OF the trenches, out of
the ruins of the region he has wasted.
His conquerors have gone after him, but
the real inhabitants have not yet begun
to return AS consequence, from YpTes
to the border of the Disc above Noyon,
more than hundred miles in longitude,
aud from a dozen to fifty miles in latitude,
there exists the most appalling desert of
which the mind can conceive-a few Ger
man prisoners cleaning debris from the
more important highways, few British
soldiers standing guard material, and
for the rest in land where three million
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
Things America
Must Remember

l have dwelt upon these circumstances at
this time because it seems to that
Americans must understand in some meas
ure the mood and temper of France to- day.
1t is the tragedy which has not been abol-
ished by the armistice, it is the ruin which
formula of words and sentiments can
abolish. The men who planned and guided
this thing are in the main alive and un-
punished. AT least million French women
and children are still practically homeless.
Years must pass before the open wound
which stretches from Belgium to Switzer-
land can be healed, if at all, and it will
remain an open wound forever in the side
of France If France and not the German.
have to carry the burden. And yet, save
for the French in Paris and out Of it, ono
feels p certain tendency to forget this Ger
man desert. The German is singing a new
tune now. His humility is as complete as
was his arrogance year ago. The French
woman told me how her German master
made her work in the fields close up to the
fsing line, growing potatoes, and then
allowed her two day to live on; yet the
German now imperiously demands that we
feed him while his victims remain without
all that which they must have if they are
70 begin life again
Over in Germany the Germans are feed
ing our soldiers with words and with pro-
visions, carrying on monstrous propa-
ganda with something of the success they
had in similar work in America not SO
long ago. In Paris the peace conference re-
ports concentrate upon the Adriatic prob
lem, the Polish readjustments, while the
question of the Kingdom Of the Hedjaz
threatens to shorten the lives of statesmen
and diplomats alike.
But by automobile one may almost in a
moment reach the old German line, and it is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
Gone, but Not
Forgotten!

In the centre of Lens returned citizen
was searching amid the ruins of his store
for well, down which he had lowered val
liable papers, and he could not find the
we'll; even so we'll defined an objective
was beyond his resources, destruc-
ton was so complete And the story Of
Lens was this. When the German found he
could not stay he resolved that France
should still be dependent upon Germany
for coal; that she should still be crippled
for an endless time. SO, systematically, he
destroyed the mines, the machinery, the
dwelling houses; he took the furniture
do rot know how words can describe the
monstrous the amazing miracle of destruc-
ton he accomplished in the Lens district
He is gone now. But the problem re
mains. He wasted the fields that the peas
ants might not return. He destroyed the
cities and the mines, that the industrial
population might not come back, that this
region and this portion of France might
die, and now, when the German peasants
are returning to their undisturbed farms,
to their unchanged industrial centres and
their intact factories, the people of North
ern France are still eX!es.
hope my American friends will think Of
the German desert which occupies so much
of Northern France when the peace CON
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

number of owners tenants of farms in
the three prairie provinces, Manitoba, Sas-
katchewan and Alberta. The companies have
paid up capitalization of $4,000, 900, with
reserve funds of an6ther $4,000, 900 They
have assets of over s12,ooO0,o 900, and last
year paid dividends of 10 and Der cent.
respectively Since the beginning of the
war they have paid over 81 100000 war taxes
IN cold cash. They operate between them
Cos country grain elevators, two large pub
lie and two large private elevators at the
head of the Great Lakes, where western
gram first enters commerce. The United
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
The Farmers
Say "NO"

When, in the fall OF 1917, the Canadian
government abolished it's historic two-party
system OF Liberals and Conservatives and
established "Union" party, thereby con-
solidating all political crceds in single
unified win-thc-war programme. it offered
the portfolio OF Minister of Agriculture
90 I. A. Crerar, president and general man
nger Of the United Grain Growers, Limited,
business man who had never entered
political life or espired to parliamentary
honors. That portfolio. which Mr.. Crerar
accepted and holds very ably, testified 10 the
powerful position that the grain growers
movement had attained. But what really
made the general public first sit up and
take notice that new force had arigen
in their midst was that the trust" was
most entirely responsible for the prin-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

ference begins its work. If the French ask
the possession of the Saar coal district
(once theirs and stolen by the Germans in
1910 to replace the ruined coal fields of
Artos and Flanders. trust that the Amer
leans will not see in this demand French
imperialism, but the effort of France to re-
sumo the business of life in spite of the
herman effort permanently to destroy
French industries. And in the same sense
if there is discussion of compelling Ger
many to supply labor to remove the shells,
plough the fields and open the roads, hope
that the Americans will think that the
French are not seeking revenge, but a way
to repair the most brutal of all injuries
and permit their exiles to return home
again; the exiles who, like the French
woman at Croisillee, have courage, but have
lost everything else
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

sheep passed through their hands last year.
But apart from this, they not only sell
their shareholders output; they also sell
to them. Since their original conception,
they have entered on a considerable scale
into the handling Of large portion of the
staple goods necessary for their members
requirements. Their collective buving
power IS enormous, and their unique sys-
tenn of internal distribution, the local"
sending in its requisition to headquarters
for large district, entails that practically
the whole of the saving effected in whole
sale buying is passed on to the individual
member. Over s7,00O,o0o worth of coopera-
tive trading is now done annualy-coal,
flour, machinery, fencing, lumber, apples,
groceries, and so On. The combination owns
3oo,0o0,0Oo feet OF standing lumber in Brit
ish Columbia. 1t owns land company for
the sale OF lands. 1t owns a weekly paper
the "Grain Growers Guide" one of the
brightest and different" agricultural pub
locations on the continent.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
France viii Yet
Come Back

Yet by contrast there was the French
woman, and she said quite simply, "Are we
coming back? Of course we are coming
back; as soon as the government will give
US the barracks in which to live. We must
get to work on our fields again. Yes, it
will require courage to do this work, but
we have courage. We must do it for the
young, is it not 500" And that as I said
is the problem, not Of the French govern
ment alone but of the Paris conference.
Somehow these thousands and hundreds
OF thousands of women and men who have
courage must be brought back to these
fields. Somehow the German who created
the desert deliberately, wantonly, viciously,
must be made to abolish it, to excavate
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26

Grain Growers Company conducts a grain
exporting business, with headquarters at
New York which prior to the war was one
of the largest grain exporting concerns
on the continent and is now in the service
of the Allied governments. And all this
has been accomplished in the short dura-
ton Of twelve years, in field strewn with
the wrecks of farmers cooperative COM
panies, oranges and societies of equity!
Nor are the interests of these companies
confined entirely to grain selling. They
handle livestock for their shareholders
about 5000 carloads Of cattle, hogs and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-01-26
How the Trust
Started

The actual GRAIN growers movement" be-
gan in 1901, at the little town of Indian
Head, Saska tchewan, when group of farm
ers from the Northwest territories STAYED
In their chairs in corner of the municipal
hall after the conclusion of a debate be-
tween two we'll known politicians, which
debate really had nothing to do with what
happened subsequently. That group of seri
Gus faced men, hardened and determined
looking, were not there entirely by accident.
They had assembled as the result of call
that had gone over the whole country, sum-
moning some Of the prominent settlers to
consider the grievous conditions which af-
fected not only themselves, but every farmer
between Winnipeg and the Rocky Noun
tains, and to discuss the abuses and hard
ships under which they were living and
working. The man who had taken the
initiative in organizing that little after
meeting was ". R. Motherwell, now Minis
ter Of Agriculture for the province of Sas-
katchewan.
The conditions at the beginning of the
present century which led to the rapid or
ganization Of the grain growers associ.-
tions were characteristic, perhaps. of the
circumstances which have stimulated revo-
lutionary movements throughout history
For nearly twenty years the farmers had
been growing restless and disseminated
under the conditions they were compelled to
lace. Between tho early sos and 1900
there were no regulations directing or con-
trolling the wheat trade. Those were the