The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1919-09-25
SEVERAL LISTED IN FAVOR OF
PACT AS IT STANDS LINE UP
WITH OTHER GROUP.
WANT MILD RESERVATIONS
These Will Probably BE Adopted,
Since the More Rad cal Members
Of the Foreign Relations Committee
Haven't Full Support in Senate.
az EDWARD 3. CLARK

from which is presented the inter
I national drama of the League of Nh
lions.
IL looks today as II the covenant
Of the league and the pact Of peace
are TO be sanctioned by the senate Of
the United States. hut with reserva-
lions Of n kind which will set forth
definitely the understanding which
the United States has Of certain mr.
ticlcs of the document and by which
This country intends to stand in the
future.
The reason for the belief. shared
10y all parties 10 the controversy. that
reservations will be adopted, is TO be
found IN the recent announcements Of
several senators who were supposed
10 be- favorable to the covenant as
Il stands, that they cannot support II
unless certain reservations are in
Guided. Several Democratic senators
counted on from the first as supporters
Of the presidents position already have
announced that they are I'm favor Of
certain milder changes which have
been recosmended by other senators
who from the first have been i'm favor
at the league but who also from the
first have declared themselves as
favorable to what they call American
reservations.
The report of the majority of the
committee on foreign relations has
been made To the senate; accompany
inc IL there is a minority report The
majority report recommends certain
reservations which some men bold to
be so radical as 10 necessitate the
recommittal of the treaty to the rep
rescntatives of the great powers. The
minority report favors the treaty as
Il StaudS.
Three Factions in the Senate.
In the committee on foreign rela-
lions the proportion of members who
are opposed TO the treaty. and there
fore necessarily to mild reservations
thereto, Is greater than the proportion
In the senate proper. This means that
the committee majority cannot hope in
| the open senate for the solid ajOrity
that It secured in the committee.
The fight is now ON. and largely II
centers on the compromise which
must be made If mild reservations
are to take the place of the drastic
ones recommended by Committee
Chairman Lodge and his supporting
committee colleagues. There are three
factions fighting and they are not di-
vided according to party lines. There
are at least four senators who would
like To see the treaty killed out of
hand; one of them is n Democrat
while the other three are Republi-
cans, although il is much more than
probability that another Demo
cratic senator, who thus far has not
said much on the subject. also is OPP
posed To the league in toto. There
have been almost as many sugges-
gestionS concerning compromises ms
there ire senators who are I'm favor
Of such compromises
To-Day. however. II looks as If the
reservations which finally viii he
adopted will follow the lines to a
certain extent of those proposed by
senator McCumber and acqulesed in,
IN considerable part. at least, by a
number Of Republicans. and, it is be-
lieved, by several Democrats.
Changes in Senate Personnel.
Newspaper correspondents and 9th
erS whose duties frequently take
tb.,, q, tIo aopft,I ,,.,p.1..,. ....... 49,.
II the people realize the changing ma
ture of the personnel of the senate.
The senate always has been conSld-
cred a body not so thoroughly repre-
sentative Of the people rs the house,
and yet the changes which occur in
the membership of the senate are
something like startling.
Today there are only eleven United
states senators who were In the upper
chamber sixteen years ago. when the
writer OF this first came To Washing
ton as n correspondent. This means
that there are eighty-fiye men in the
upper chamber. who were not there six
teen years ago, and. as senator's
term is six years the fact Is made even
the more remarkable. To put Il an
other way: There are eighty-hve sena-
tors in the upper chamber who have
started their services for the country
since the year 1909.
The thing might be put also in an-
other way: While there are eighty
five senators who have beentn the up
per chamber less than sixteen years,
there have been any number of sena-
tors To come and 10 90 within that pc
Rod. one must 90 into the hundreds
when he figures on the changes which
have been made IN the membership
of the senate In the last sixteen years.
This makes things look as n the peo-
Pile had something directly Ia say about
who should represent them In the up
per chamber.
Senator Lodge Holds Record.
Henry Cabot Lodge Of Massachu-
setts has the longest continuous sery-
Ice OF any senator Of the United