Evening journal., 1919-11-08
TDEATY PREAMBLE
c lRRIES IN S.NATE
Changes Must Be Agreed to
by Note by Three
Powers
BIG VICTORY
FOR THE ANTS

sit cchdtc }celtFudl Dl lic Nult ol 40
o 40, 10 was a straightout victory for
me antl-Adm.nlstration bloc. Only
)ne Republican Senator. McCumber (N.
o. voted in the negative
The preamble provides that the rati-
flcatiOn shall not be binding on the
United States until the reservations
have been accepted through exchanges
OF notes by three OF the four principal
Allied and Associated Powers. 10 Is
one Of The most Objectionable Of all
The reservations from the standpoint
Of the Administration, but IL never
ihcless received the votes Of an Re
publicans and Of three Democrats
Gore ,ukla.), Reed Mo- and Walsh
(Mass.)
When the senate session opened the
preamble 10 the reservations was at
the fore. An amendment had been Of
fered by Senator McCumber n. d. TO
strike out the requirement that three
Powers aillrmatively must accept the
American reservations.
senator Robinson ARK ) and Senator
McCumber spoke for the amendment
and Senator smith (Ga) followed in
the same tenor. lie declared in favor
Of several Of the committee reserya-
tlOns, especially insisting that Congress
must determine whether mandatories
shall be accepted. lie also feared great
ly that America, unless there were most
explicit reservations, would be bound
by the acts Of its representatives in the
League Of Nations.
The McCumber amendment was de
fcated, 40 ayes 10 As nays. and then its
author offered a mobilization OF IL,
which also was rejected. Senator BOrah
,IdahO) then offered an amendment 10
require an four Of the great Powers
instead OF only three Of lhem-ailrma-
lively TO accept the American reserva-
lions.
This amendment likewise was voted
down, p ayes 10 G3 noes. lis rejection
caused a decided furry on the floor.
While there had been small expectation
that 70 would be accepted, the small
vote which it received caused the last
ditch" opponents Of the treaty 10 take
umbrage. They thought The Republicans
should have given them a better show
ing on support and as a result Of their
protest proceedings had 20 be spelled
along for some time by dint OF CONVEX
sailonal time killing.
This Incident brought 90 a climax a
difference Of opinion between the vari-
Gus elements OF opposition that has
been developing for two or three days.
Some OF the battalion OF death" SEN
ators believe that all the reservations
ought TO be defeated, thus forcing the
senate 20 take lis first ratification vote
On a resolution 10 ratify without any
qualification whatever.
Others Of the same group regard this
Is a dangerous eXpedient; they fear
hat II they Joined the Democrats In
Killing reservations the mild reserva-
iionisls would later, out Of pique. join
the Democrats in voting 10 ratify with
out reservations. This difference as TO
he proper strategy has been the sub
iect OF a good deal Of conference and
discussion The Democrats have all
along hoped that the opposition would
split on this rock and finally enable
ratification.
The differences among The opposition
clements were adjusted and business re-
sumed. Those who were absent and
paired on the preamble vote were PEN
rose (Pa,), Townsend lMichl and War
rem CWyO). who would have voted for
10 had they been present. Mr.. Shields
fTenn.). Democrat. would also have
voted for 90 had he been present, so
that in a full Senate IL would have had
% votes. The other Democrats absent.
all Of them paired against the preamble
were Bankhead ala ). Beckham lKy).
Martin tVa) and Stanley Ky SEN
stor Ball. OF Delaware, voted for, and
senator Wollcott against
The second reservation. making the
United states The sole judge Of its in
fernatiOnal obligations under the league
covenant. came up next.
Lt includes a provision that notice OF
Withdrawal by the United States from
The league may be given by a concur
-ent resolution OF Congress- This pro- |
vision had been inserted at the mss |
ience Of Senator Smith ga, who |
pointed out that a concurrent resOlu- |
iion does not require the signature OF
the President. lie urged privately that !
before 10 is in the league. six months |
ihe United states is likely TO want to |
get out. and the only way TO get out |
promptly would be by some action
which id not require the Endorsement |
Of the President who would never sign !
any legislation TO that effect so the
provision for doing 10 by concurrent
resolution was inserted.
This provision became the subject OF
a heated debate. which was still in
progress when the Senate adjourned. !
The vote on It will be close. with pos
eibility that the concurrent resolution
feature may be changed so as to sub |
siiluic legislative procedure requiring
The Presidents signature.
The true significance OF the vote in
the Senate on keeping intact the amend !
menis to the preamble TO the reserva-
lions affecting the treaty and the
League Of Nations was emphasized by !
Senator Reed. one Of the strongest SEN |
at0rial foes Of lie interviewer docu- !
ments iIe pointed out also the fallacy
Of the programme which senator |
Hitchcock (Neb j. the league leader in
The Senate. had determined upon after
consultation with the President
American people are beginning |
e that Robert Lsnsing told the |
~, len he told William c. Bullitt |
that If the people OF this country un-
derstood what this treaty let them in
for they would demand its rejection,
said Senator Reed.
The vote on the preamble was Of
the greatest significance. II shows that
the people Of the country are waking
up TO what this treaty means. 10 shows
that Senator's are beginning 10 realize
grave responsibility Of thrusting this
country into all the entanglements and
sNQw. IA Tho zrs,v1I