davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

The first number of the Lyceum
Course will be given in the Dolores
opera house Monday evening, Novem-
ber 8. This is the Baldy- Strand Enter
tainment Party, and you cannot afford
to miss it. Buy your season ticket
now. You can get tickets from R. S.
S. Fox, G. P. Moore, Guy Fox or at
The Star office. You can have these
tickets reserved for the entire season
at Rash's store after $50 O'Clock a. m.
Thursday, October 80. Tickets for
adults So. so, for school children ST.
for the season. Single admission for
the first entertainment, adults rs cents
children 40 cents. Save money by buy
ing season ticket.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

We will start our wood saw about
November lst. starting above Dolores
and going down the river as far as J.
B. Gulletts. Everybody plan to be
ready as we will not cover the same
territory twice. We expect to saw all
winter. Terms strictly cash.
CLEO GLENN & HOMER WALLACE
29-3O
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
ATTENTION. sTOCkMENl

have obtained the agency of large
Biological House in st. Louis and am
prepared to furnish Germ Free Black
leg Vaccine direct to stockmen at %
cents dose in lots of ten or their
multiple. Also Vaccine for the contro
of contagious abortion in cattle and
diseases of sheep, These vsccines are
made under the supervision of the U.
S. Government.
d. P. MLLIKEN, D. V. S.
27tf Aztec, New Mexico.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Harry Kelly of Lebanon, has sold
his ranch to S. T. Roelfs of Stockt ton,
Kansas. NJ A. Reeves, cashier of the
Farmers State bank of Stockton, was
here Thursday of last week to close
the deal. Mr.. Roelfs expects to be
here in about six weeks.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

P. j. Ready of Lake City, returned
home Sunday after short visit to
Montezuma county to look after his
property at Arriola. He is an old-time
friend of j. S. Roatcap, and the longer
he listened to Joe talking the more
his property increased in value.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

The Uncle Josh show which was ad-
vertised to be at the local opera house
tomorrow evening, has been postponed
indefinitely on account of Uncle Josh
(Cal StewarD being taken seriously i'll
and having to return to his home in
Chicago. All dates were cancelled and
whether or not the people of Dolores
will have the pleasure of seeing the
show later we do not know.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

James Morrison left yesterday for
Hot Springs, Arkansas, with his son,
Dwight, who has been suffering with
rheumatism for the past seven weeks.
They were accompanied by Mrs.
Lottie Lockett. 1t is hoped that
Dwight may find relief and regain his
health and strength
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

w. J. Exon left US bucket of tur-
nips the first of the week that were
grown on his ranch on Summit Ridge.
These turnips average about pound
apiece and the seed from which they
were grown was sowed August 3.
How is this for growing a fall crop?
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
BAPTIST

Sunday school at 10 a. IN.
Morning Service II OOa a. m.
Evening service, 500 p. m.
Services next Sunday as usual. Sub
ject for both morning and evening,
Echoes from the Convention.
Prayer meeting Wednesday at 500
p. m.
C. l.. FLANDERS, Pastor.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
Mr.. and Mrs. v. Bradfield left Wed

Mr.. and Mrs. V. Bradfield left We'd
nesday for Phoenix, Arizona, where
they expect to visit for some time and
later they will journey to California.
They travel in their car and expect to
take plenty of time for the journey.
They will be away all winter. Mr..
Bradfield says that he wants to winter
without seeing snow, but if he does it
will be the first time in his life that he
did not see snow.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mrs. j. C. Bergh gave quilting bee
at their ranch home last Friday.
There were about twenty ladies present
and all were very busy, especially
when they gathered around the feast
of good things that Mrs. Bergh spread.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

While gathering cattle Tuesday the
horse Ed Akin was riding fell severely
injuring him. His shoulder blade was
broken and he received other bruises.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

C. w. Smith, freight man at the
local depot, was off duty for several
days the first of the week on account
off illness. J. C. Bergh helped out
while Mr.. Smith was absent.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

County Treasurer Charles S. Smith
informs US that the delinquent tax list
is now being made up and will be out
of his hands about November l. If
you do not want your real estate to
appear in this list pay your taxes at
once
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Wanted Renter for large irrigated
hay and grain ranch. Every thing fur.
nished Address Box 35, Dolores, Colo
1890
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

For Sale One hunderd acres pasture
and DO tons of hay. Three miles east
of Cortez and ten miles south of Do
lores. Running water in pasture In
quire of W. NJ Royce. 1892
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mrs. j. A. Warren returned to their
Dove Creek homestead Saturday after
a four weeks visit with her husband.
who is teaching the Giorgetta school,
and with friends in Dolores. Mr..
Warren and the R. S. S. Fox family
accomompanied Mrs. Warren and spent
Sunday at the Warren home.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

For Sale-A Buick Six touring car
nearly good as new. Will take cows
hogs, or improved land in part pay
ment. Inquire of P. Balsiger, Dolores,
Colo 29.3l
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

w. J. Nossaman of Pagosa Springs,
was in Dolores the latter part of last
week and purchased a car load of
apples for himself and neighbors.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Wanted - A bunch of Ramboullt:
ewes. Inquire of j. B. Millard, Stoner
Creek, Colo.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

The merchants of Dolores will open
their stores at eight a. m. and close at
5 p. m. during the winter months,
beginning Monday, October 27.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

The T. II. Akin Mercantile company
installed new grocery counter in
their store this week. 1t is a fine
piece of furniture and adds much to
the attractveness of their store.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

About twenty-five Rebekahs gave
Mrs. V. Bradfield farewell reception
Monday evening at the Bradfeld home.
Refreshments were served and good
time had by all.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Henry Mcconnell has moved his
family from the S. M. Mcconnell house
on Central avenue and Second street to
the Wake house on Seventh street
formerly occupied by Tim Jones.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
Wanted Cattle.

Wanted 800 to 1000 cattle to winter.
Fine grass and water They will be
fat in spring. sl.0O per month address
FRANK WooD,
Aztec, New Mexico.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Miss Ethel Jennings of Silverton,
arrived in Dolores Monday and is work
ing in the local telephone office.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

The good weather of the past week
has given the fruit men an opportunity
to take care of lots of apples, and the
crop is getting pretty well cleaned up.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

J. J. F. Wooton of Ackmen, was in
town Wednesday with load of squash,
pumpkins, turnips and spuds grown on
his dry farm.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
For Sale.

81 head of Registered Hamsphre
ewes and one fine ram. Reasonable
price. Can be seen at Mancos.
Apply to VIM. Robertson.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Sill Kramer brought down load Of
Hubbard squash last week and un-
loaded two fine one at The Star office.
The Kramer brothers know how to
grow big squash
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mrs. Ollie Pickett and daughter,
Mrs. James Miller, are moving their
household furniture over from Disa-
pointment and will make their home in
Dolores for the winter.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mrs. Delbert Puett of May Day, is
visiting her mother Mrs. Lottie Lock
ett, this week.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

For Sale-Ford touring car, 1917
model, good condition. Telephone Cor
tez Red 4l2 c. A. Howell. 9Op
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
Notice.

Notice.
Commencing Monday, October 81,
our stores will open at a. m. and
close at 5 p. m. standard time.
THE T. H. AKIN Nero. Co.
THE EXON MERCANTILE Co.
The HARRIS BROS. Nero. Co.
THE O. X. MEAT MARKET.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

For Sale - Two fresh cows with
calves also three horses. Telephone
Cortez Red 41-2. E. A. Howell SOP
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mr. and Mrs. Fred Beauchamp of
West Fork, were in Dolores on shop
ping expedition yesterday.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Poultry, beef, veal, Belgian
hares, hides and pelts. G. D. Taylor,
Dolores, Colo, R. F. d.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Twelve cars of apples were shipped
from the local yards Wednesday and
six more were ready to ship yesterday
noon
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

J. L. Wilkinson, who recently
arrived from Armarilla, Texas, helped
at The Star Office the first of the week.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

o. T. Trimble, manager for the Har-
ris Bros. Mercantile Company's store,
left Saturday for Denver on a buying
trip,
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Learn Stenography, Bookkeeping,
Comptometer, Dictaphone Operating.
New classes start every Monday.
DURANGO BUSINESS COLLEGE.
30-34 Durango, Colorado
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Glenn Wallace of Lebanon, who is
attending school at Durango, is quar-
antined in that city for small pox
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
CHURCH NOTICES
CATHOLIC

Services will he held in the Catholic
church the third Sunday of each month
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Mrs. J. NJ. Rush is enjoying a visit
from her mother, Mrs. Katherine Exon
of Mancos.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

A car of honey was shipped from
this place Wednesday.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

w. w. Belmear returned Friday
from Denver to which place he shipped
cattle.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Wanted-Sweet clover seed
Inquire of j. M. Kinsley, Dolores
Colo.
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24

Typewriter erasers at The Star Office
The Dolores star., 1919-10-24
LOCAL NEWS NOTES.

X. B. Durham shipped cattle Satur-
day.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
SOCIETY WOMEN HELP
FIGHT ARDMORE FIRE
Three Main Line Matrons Res
cue Red Cross Records
After Gas Explosion

The rescue of Red Cross data and ma =
terial was the sole thought in the minds
Of the three Main Line society women
who yesterday prevented the spread of
fire on the second floor of the Merton
Title Building at Ardmore.
Mrs. Alexander Brown and Mrs.
Henry G. Earnshaw. of Bryn Mawr,
and Mrs. Harland G. Nicholson, OF
Ardmore. were the three women who
proved themselves heroines when an ex =
plosion in n room opposite the Red
Cross headquarters threatened to de
velop into serious blaze.
William Jennings, an employe Of an
electrical concern. was working in the
room and struck n match near a leak
ing gas pipe. There was roar and a
sheet of fame shot up. The Red Cross
workers across the hall. who had just
finished a meeting. rushed into the hall.
Mrs. Brown. Mrs. Earnshaw and
Mrse Nicholson obtained fire cxtin
guishcr and kept the fire down until
help arrived.
Mrs. Brown confessed this morning
that they were terrified for moment
but that the main thought in the minds
Of all of them, was saving Red Cross
material which was stored in theil
room.
Jennings was burned about the head
and was taken to the Bryn Mawr Hos +
pital in Mrs. Earnshaw's automobile.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
WOMEN VOTERS' HEAD
TO GIVE VIEWS HERE
Mrs. Charles n. Brooks Will Ex-
plain Policies Of League at
Suffrage Convention

Policies of the League Of Women
Voters will be explained on Tuesday
next by Mrs. Charles II. Brooks, ma b.
tional chairman of the organization
Mrs. Brooks. who will attend the con-
vention of the Pennsylvania Women
Suffrage Association at the Bellevue e
Stratford will be the first representa- =
tive of the League of Women Voters TO
speak in this city.
The league has branches IN every
Estate where women vote aud the suf-
! frage association. through the ma =
chinery of next week. convention. Will
be turned into the PENNSYLVANIA League
of Women Citizens, affiliated with the
organization headed by Mrs. Brooks
The league has departments on citi-
xenship, civics, economics and other
matters dealing with the body polite.
In some of the states it has had large
part in getting the passage or enforce
ment OF legislation or reforms.
The doors of the convention will be
open to all women interested in citizen
ship. civics. good government aud
similar subjects. an invitation having
been extended to them oy Mrs. John
O. Miller, president Of the Pennsylvania
Women Suffrage Association.
Other women speakers identified with
the activities of women in public affairs
will be Mrs. Vernon Kellogg who was
member of the Hoover Belgian re
lief commission Mrs Nancy \. Schoo
maker. of Connecticut. OF the citizen
ship department of the suffrage organ
ization of that state; Mrs. Fletcher
Dobyns. chairman of the Republican
executive committee of Illinois, and
Mrs. Antoinette Funk. educational di
rector of the Democratic national com
mittee
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
FLOWER SHOW ON
At CHESTNUT HILL
Dr.. A. V. Mattison Carries of
Many Opening-Night Prizes
at Annual Exhibit
CHRYSANTHEMUMS FEATURE

Unusually fine specimens of chrysan-
themums feature the eighteenth annual
exhibition Of the Chestnut Hill Horti-
cultural Society, being held in the
Lutheran Church parish house. South
ampton and Germantown avenues. A
large pink bloom. daylight" intro
duced by DR.. A. V. MattiSou. espe-
cially attracts the attention Of chrys-
anthcmum lovers who visit the show.
Doctor MattiSon. whose gardener is
O. \. Muller. carried of many prizes
at the opening of the show last night,
among them being n silver plate award =
ed by Quicker Bros. Chestnut Hill, for
the best display of cut flowers.
Chrysanthcmums are not the only
flowers which attract persons to the
exhibition. Roses. carnations foliage
plants and vegetables. qll fine speci -
mems, are displayed. The show will
close tonight
A certificate of merit was awarded
to Adolf Muller, of the DeKalb
Nurseries, Norristown, for very fine
exhibit of foliage plants. Countess Won
llolstein received Il similar award Cor
Il display of fine Aaron Ward roses.
pennsylvania sweet potatoes, almost
foot long and proportionately large
in circumference. were the subject of
much comment. For this entry GER
titicate of merit was awarded to Charles
y, Welsh gardener, John Little.
ArthTr f.. NewbOld. Ir, president
Of tie society, received a certificate
Of merit for dish of fine Kieffer
pears. His gardener is George Robert
son.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
SUBURBS CAN AID
L|V|NG-COST WAR
Mrs. Wilson, Evening Public
Ledger Food Expert, Tells Bev-
erly, N. j., Women How
WOULD BOYCOTT LUXURIES

Spanning the distance between the
suburban districts and the big cities
and eliminating the middleman is a
solution for the problem Of high prices.
Mrs. Mary A. Wilson, food expert of
the EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER, told the
women of Beverly, n. j.
Sixty wo.len, members of the Para q.
graph Club, and an equal number OF
children from the public schools of the
town where domestic science courses are
begun in the fifth grade, attended the
economy talk and learned that saving
in the country was as necessary as saw
ing in the big cities.
~ should like to see the contact be-
tween the suburban districts a1d the
cities so close that there would be no
room for the middlcman to squeeze
through with his profiteering, said
Mrs Wilson.
1.-THE women in the rural districts
have as big a responsibility in solv-
ing the problem Of high costs as the
organized women in the cities who are
getting together to combat the profiteer.
They should boycott the high priced
foods. Those near to the sources OF
food supplies should save and con
tribute their small savings to those who
live in the larger cities. Creating a
surplus in necessary foods is the only
sure way of bringing the cost of liv-
ing down"
Following her talk, Mrs. Wilson
demonstrated cake making and egg
less mayonnaise dressing.
The Paragraph Club has nearly 100
members and has six departments for
the study of art. civics. current events,
literature. music and domestic sci :
ence.
Mrs. A. II. Macpherson is presi-
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07

ed to John Little and to Lawrence
Lahiff.
Florists who acted as judges of the
exhibition were Edward Cox, chair
man ; William Boyce and William Nor
ton.
Among the exhibitors who attended
the opening of the show were Countess
Won Holstein, Mr.. and Mrs. Milton
Wright, Mrs. Charles W, Honry and
Charles n. Welsh. Many others are
expected today.
The chief prize winners:
Charles n. Welsh gardener. John
Little, Milton T. Wright gardener,
James Wilkinson), DR.. r.. V. Mat
tison gardener, o. A. Muller), Mrs.
Charles W. Henry. gardener, James
Bustard), W. Frazier Harrison (gar-
dener, Joseph Thompson),. Mrs. Jay
Cooke, Sd gardener, Charles McCor-
mick, w. w. Frazier, Jr. gardener,
Hugh Scott.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
ACTIVITIES
SKATER RECORDS
Imports for'Nine Months of 1919
Show Increase of $62,-
s28,6oe
EXPORTS RISE $26, 6,142,62s

All records for Imports and exports
are being broken by the port of Phila-
delphia, according to figures in the
monthly report Of George r. Sproule,
secretary to the Commissioners Of Nav
igation.
During the first nine months of this
year Philadelphia exported and imported
SSS ,071 ,136 worth more commodities
than during the same period in 1918.
OF this gain the figures for increase in
exports are $26, ,142 sos. and the gain
for imports totals $50, ,S2S sos over the
first nine months last year.
The establishment of sixteen new ship
lines in the nine month period, connect
ing this city with all parts Of the world,
are largely responsible for the increase
in imported commodities. Gains in i'm
ports are registered in raw sugar, chalk,
chrome and iron ores, bananas, cork
wood, salt and molasses.
Corn, rye and -four from corn, rye
and wheat, refined sugar, molasses, pork
products, petroleum. coal and condensed
milk are things which have made the
value of exports increase.
An increase of 56S foreign vessels ar
rived this year, as compared with the
number for the nine month period In
1913. The additional tonnage repre-
sented by the increased number of ships
is 1921 500.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
CORPS RETURNS FLAGS
Veterans Give Business Men Stan
dards Carried During War

Tattercd and stained from their serv-
ice overseas. two flags presented to the
Tioga Medical Reserve Corps by the
Tioga Business Mems Association in
June. 1917. were last night returned to
their donors.
The flags were presented to the corps
at the training camp at Allentown and
were carried overseas by the organiza
tion. They now occupy place of
honor in the associations headquarters,
2543 Germantown avenue. Major w.
Il. Raken returned the standards to the
association.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
POSTPONE FOOTBALL GAME
Interacademie League Opening Game
DELAYED by Boys Death

The opening football game of the In
teracademic League season, which was
to have been played today between Ger
rnantown Academy and the Friends
Central School, has been postponed un
til tomorrow morning.
The game is postponed because of
the death of Thomas Dinsmore. son of
Mr.. and Mrs. Archibald Dinsmore, of
Germantown. The dead boy, who died
from injuries received when he fell from
a bicycle Tuesday, was the brother OF
Braddock Dinsmore, captain of the
Germantown Academy team.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07

wrath Of the persons attending the
meeting. Addresses were made by Mrs.
II. z. Hurlong, president Of the Parent
and Teacher Association Of the Camp
bell School, of which tho Lyons School
is an annex; A. j. Emery, the prin-
cipal, and John Archcone, vice pres-
dent Of the association.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
13 NURSES GRADUATE
Exercises viii BE Held Tonight In
Medico.Ch Amphltheatre

Exercises for the thirteen graduates
Of the School Of Nursing, Graduate
School of Medicine of the University of
Pennsylvania. will be held tonight in
the clinical amphitheatre of the Medico d,
Chirurgical Hospital, Eighteenth and
Cherry streets, ut S:15.
The nurses who will graduate are
Misses Claire Irene Kelley, Alice Mary
Gilmore, Ella G. Atterberg, Sarah
Elizabeth Dewitt, Margaret Coy, Anna
Price Campbell. S. Marie Wingfield,
Margaret w. Bot. Anna Regina Bar
rett. Pearl Augusta Grove, Susan j.
English, Margaret Emelie Curran and
Charlotte Elizabeth Millete.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
TO WE'D ADMIRAL'S SON
Miss Eleanor Newhall to Become
Bride Of Duncan Selfridae

Miss Eleanor Newhall, sister of
Thomas Newhall. of The Old Place,
THAN, and Duncan Selfridge. son of
Admiral and Mrs. Selfridge. of Wash =
ington and Boston. will be married to
morrow in the Washington Memorial
Temple. Valley Forge.
The Rev. w. l.. Herbert Burk, rec
tor Of the Memorial Temple. will Off
ciate. There will be no attendants.
and only members of the immediate
families will be present. After the wed
ding Mr.. and Mrs. Selfridge will re
side in one of the suburbs of Boston.
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07

Tenth and Catharine streets, most Of
whom are Of foreign birth, met last
night in the Lyons School, to demand
civic improvements for that section Of
the city. Before the meeting they wit
messed a demonstration of gymnastics
by their children in the primary grades.
Dirty streets especially aroused the
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07
CLEAN STREETS DEMANDED

Residents Around Tenth and Cath.
arine Streets Criticize Conditions
Residents of the neighborhood of
Evening public ledger. [volume] (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1914-1942, 1919-11-07

dent of the club and other officers in
clude Mrs, Philip s. Clarkson, Mrs.
Herbert J. Cook, Mrs. William T..
Kirk, Miss Martha b. Smith, Mrs. j..
Fletcher Street, Mrs. Matthew Pur-
cell and Mrs. ]. Lindsay Clarkson.
Mrs. Albert Lee Is in charge of do
mestic science in the schools.
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-14
. TOMATO SAUCE
FROSTED FRUIT
TIE NEW CLOTHES

ade ong1n having ou o thent the easb a
 
 
  how Ic same ongIn an with and bodice with skirt gathered R
 
  transpn O shaped sleeve 
 Sever of nc al frornnc to hem Ono of wit dcrzkIrt, had a hrod a unIined A
  of 
 in and whit In the dnynn in 
  nd dorgza eEni<o coilaTB the suits semi end after blouse
   ode in in back in order to fla chin collar of the taehe md squirrel enlsro in brown points fin bIoused arc ronenii en1roL Lieedbe pleated skirt
The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-14
TIGHT HATS WILL. ]. CAUSE HAIR
 TO DIE

The chief cause of baldness is for lack of care of the hair. It is as nec- essary for the roots of the hair to have a free circulation of the blood and that the hair itself should have plenty of air as it necessary for the brain to have good circulation A great many men become bald through wearing their hats most of the time. The hat pulled down tight over the head presses against the scalp and in terferes with the circulation of the blood in the scalp, says the Seattle Post-Inteligencer. Then, also, many hats do not have any means of ven- tilation, and that keeps the pure air away from the hair. The hair then becomes sick and dies, just as flowers wilt if you keep them away from the air. You will notice that women do not become bald so easily. One req son is that even when the women wear large hats they often do. there is plenty of room for the air to circulate through the hair, even when the hat is on, and womens hats are not pulled down tightly on the scalp.
 Women also take much better care of their hair than men do, but un- doubtedly if the men went without their hair would finally grow again, at least this has been proven a num- Der of times.