davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-05-15

Continued on page 81
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-05-15

Continued On page 12)
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-05-15

Many of the union men are re-
turned soldiers.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-05-15
~ ~. t.tts ss " X. 4. 49, 5 ~
THIRD / MACHINE
B0N IT'S WAY. !
TO 1REP l ] ASsEY ! 5 ) !
British Flyers Will Not
Start on Transatlantic
Flight Today.
BALLOON MAKES A
s4HoUR FLIGHT f q, J
Rough But Successful voy-
" age Of Balloon Made
To St. Johns.

Trepaasey, N. F., May 15.-
The American navy seaplane,
NC 1, left her nloorings this aft
erioon for the flight to the
Azores. taxing along the water
for the hop on.
The Nc left at 5:34 p. m,
Newfoundland time. ~
The NC was quickly followed
by the N-C53. which TAXED from
her mooFings at $3.50 D. m.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
HOROSCOPE.
MONDAY. DECEMBER N. 1919.

Dh@N N-'ADA1N
Copyright, 1919. by the Mcclure NewSpspE
SyndicateD
Early in this day Venus is in bene-
fic aspect. according to astroIogy. but
later Mars rules with naIefc power.
All the influences appear 10 tend
toward an access OF selhshness and a
tendency to criticise ones fellow
beings. while forgetting ones own
faults.
Women are likely to be hiGh-strung
and emotional during this sway Of the
stars. They are supposed TO he more
sensitive and more easily offended
than usual and the configurstion is
especially threatening TO domestic hap
piness.
Unless the importance Of united ef-
fort in work for the best interests
of the nation is so strongly Rppre-
ciated that the evil power OF Mars
is overcome. there will be amazing
results before late spring. the stars
declare.
The destructive forces Of the planets
are operative most prominently on M
dividuals in private life. it is assert
ed by the seers. and on them and not
on the persons they place in positions
Of prominence the blame must lie.
Again military matters are Likely
to come 10 the fore and many mislead-
ing reports are likely to be circulated.
There is a forecast Of subtle propa-
Csnda that will be potent in affecting
the political views OF returned sol
diers.
There is a sign read as presaging a
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

which my wife's Srelatives proposed
to take a leap OF into fame and for
tune First II was Sister Mary, who
believed herself a second Nordica. OF
course, nsder ordinary circumstances,
Mary could never have afforded to
come to New York to have her voice
cultivated, but when Sister Susie mar
ried and went to New York to live
( II opened UP the way. 1t was direct
intervention of Heaven Of which sister
Mary took immediate advantage
! she wished herself on us and for
two years l had 10 stand for her cat
calling around the place. until It got
on INV nerves so that 1 almost took TO
drink. incidentally, Sister Mary's
money Raye out. and, Of course, sister
Susie couldn't think Of Sister Mary
disseminating her lessons, and so Sis
ter Susie's husbands hard-earned
money went to swell the Golfers OF
ihigh-priced vocal teachers, while ne
wore his last years overcoat. and gave
lup his clubs because he couldn't az
ford a club and a near gifted sister
iin-law at the same time.
And there was Brother Bobbie. who
also condescended to make our house
his home, and wear all Of my best
clothes. while he took course al
Columbia. and Sister Annie, who spen'
couple of winters being treated for
neurasthenia, and Sister Carrie who
was just plain girl and came on 10
have a good time. which costs money
! and caused me to do without tht
things that want.
"Anw my wife hasn't an idea that
in forcing her family on me she has
done me an injustice. that she has
robbed me of the peace of my home
that she has compelled me to WORK
harder than I would have done. ano
prevented me from saving the money
that | could have saved had l only
had my own family to support.
Why wives are eager to sacrihcC
their husbands to their families don
know, but II seems to be the universe
opinion among women that the mar
thing that a husband is good for IL
to provide for his in-laws. and that
why / say that the only safe thinG
to do is to marry an orphan with NJ
blood kin"
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

decided shrinksge In the cost Of Iivins.
This will affect food and probably
building materials
Motion pictures will be subject TO a
sway that will bring about Improve
ment in the character OF the dramas
they present Increase in prosperity
again is predicted.
The death of a famous theatrical
man is foreshsdowed and Il will be
followed by the passing Of a famous
actor.
Danger OF increase in intestinal dis
eases is prognosticated. Care in the
selection Of food is enjoined.
Persons whose birthdste it is may
have a particularly strenuous year.
The young will court and marry.
Children born on this day are like
~ to be artistic and affectionate. These
subjects OF Capricorn are usually eK-
ravagsnt and very generous.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
MARRY ORPHAN WITHOUT KIN
AND ENJOY HAPPY WEDLOCK
BY DOROTHY DIX,
The Worlds Highest Paid Woman Writer.

Take this tip from me. son." said
a distinguished married man recently
to a young friend, when you go to
get married pick out for a wife girl
who is motherless and fatherless. and
sisterless and brotherless, and hasn't
a single living relative. Otherwise you
will find that you have qualified for
the role Of Old Nan of the Sea. and
that your wife's whole family are on
yoI- back.
Believe me, IL were a gay young
blade like you, contemplating matrl-
mony. the only house that l would go
counting around would be a founding
asylum. I am giving it to you straight
better is a cate little girl baby that
is picked up on a door step than an
aristocratic maiden with an umbrage-
Gus family tree full OF relatives who
des cend upon you like the wolf on the
fold.
II speak out Of the depths of bitter
experience. l fell in love with the
sweetest little peach in the world, but
she was one of seven, with a shiftles
father who was never half a lap ahead
OF the bill collector. and neurotic
mother with a set of carefully mani
cured nerves.
Il wasn't enamoured of the little
brothers and sisters. Neither did
father and mother make any kind Of a
hit with me-, but I was crazy about
the girl and wanted her, and said. to
myself that, after alk 1t was the girl
] was marrying and not her family
That 10 just where made fatal
error. hadn't been married month
before found out that had espoused
the entire family. and that my prin-
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
WEAR A DARK
CAMISOLE WITH
A DARK WAIST

The widespread popularity Of the
dark suit blouse Of Georgette has
brought into being the dark-coiored
camisole.
At last woman seems to have come
TO a realization that dark Georgette
over white or flesh lingerie produces
anything but a clothed" effect. The
thin dark waist should never be
worn save over a non-transparent
slip Of the same or contrasting color.
The shops are showing slips and
camisoles in all possible colors.
Green or American Beauty is often
sold for wear under a navy GeorgettC
waist, and produces a very smart
effect. Taupe also looks well over
these two colors while burnt
orange" that wonderful new shade
of yellow, seems to have been
created especially for combination
with grays. taupes and browns.
BY use OF these new camisoles an
on shade in a waist can frequently
be made to look well with a suit il
does not match.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

cipal bus mess in life henceforth would
Corsist in being a meal ticket to il.
Furthermore, that would get neither
thanks nor appreciation for the sacri-
fees that l would be called upon to
make for it, for somehow daughters
husband has come to be recognized as
the legitimate goat of the wife's peo-
pie, and he has no rights that anybody
feels bound to respect.
MY wife's family live in a little
Middle West town. L brought her to
New York and we started keeping
house in small apartment, where we
were a close At just our two selves.
Well, we had hardly gotten our fur
niture placed before the family began
coming to visit us. They had always
wanted to see New York, you know.
and this was the first chance they had
ever gotten to beat the hotels, and the
subway, and the theaters, for, OF
course, when they came they all ex-
pected to be taken around and enter
tained. and I have rever yet met an
in-law who didn't have the palsy when
1t came to reaching for the change
pocket.
My wife was delighted. She was
accustomed to making sacrifices for
her family. and 1t never occurred to
her that / felt like an early Christian
martyr when I had to come home
after hard days work to find that
! would have to sleep on the sofa In
the living room, because mother had
come for a three weeks visit, and
mother had to have the bed. because
she was so delicate.
Nor was this all. I soon found
that It was taken for granted that ]
was to be a sort Of spring b0ard on
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
CHILDRENS
SUNRISE STORIES
UNCLE WIGGHY AND
THE SNOW CREAM
ny HOWARD n. GARIs
Copyright, 1919, the Mcclure
Newspaper Syndicate.)
ny HOWARD r.. GARIs

Nurse Jane had gone out for the
afternoon and Grandpa ooosey was
visiting Uncle wiggily.
Il know what I can DO to get up a
little lunch" said the bunny rabbit
gentleman.
"What?" asked Grandpa Goosey.
"I'll make some snow cream" ans
wered Uncle wiggily.
Snow cream? How do you make
that?" asked the goose gentleman.
Just the same as ice cream, except
you use snow Instead OF ice," replied
Mr.. Longears.
Uncle Wiggily took a bottle down
OF the pantry shelf. There was some-
thing brown in the bottle.
This is the vanilla flavoring ex-
tract" said the bunny, as he emptied
nearly the whole bottle into the snow
cream. Il like my things we'll ia
vored." he said.
SO do l." spoke Grandpa Goosey.
Uncle Wiggily set the pan Of snow
cream out on the back steps to get
cold and frozen. and, while waiting for
this, the bunny and Grandpa Goosey
much It cost to live nowadays
All Of a sudden there sounded q
noise out on the back steps.
II guess that's Nurse Jane coming
home from the movies" said Uncle
Wiggily. Il don't want her to fall
over our snow cream and spill it."
Quickly he opened the door and
there. on the stoop, wasn't Nurse
Jane at all. but the bad old Skee-
zicks! The Skeezicks had started to
eat the snow cream which he saw as
he was sneaking up the back steps
but something had happened.
The Skeezicks was pulling and
tugging at his mouth with his paws
His mouth seemed to be tightly
closed. and he couldn't get II open
which was q bad sign.
Whats the matter with your
asked Uncle wiggily.
With q long pull and Q strong pull
the Skee finally got his mouth open
Matter with me? What's the
matter with me? he cried. It's your
snow cream. That's what's the mat
ter! l took a bite and il stuck my
Jaws toRether as fast as anything!
o, wow!"
And away he ran as quickly as he
could go. holding his jaws open Sc
they wouldn't go shut again.
That's funny" said Uncle Gig
gily. Il wonder what I put in the
snow cream to make it so tight and
sticky?"
why. you put in glue" said
Grandpa Goosey, coming to the door
with the nearly empty brown bottle
In his wing. You thought the glue
was vanilla, and you put that in the
snow cream for favoring"
"Oh, my! No wonder the Skee-
Kicks was fooled and all stuck up,
That's why he made such a thump-
ing noise" laughed the bunny. Then
he threw that snow cream away
and made fresh cream. with real
vanilla. but the Skeezicks didn't
come back to get any OF that. And
Nurse Jane had a fne time at the
movies.
But II the wind doesn't blow the
feathers off the dusting brush. and
mako it look like a hard boiled egg
sliding down stairs with the gold
fish. I'll tell you next about Uncle
Wiggily and Floppy's cap.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

dering Jew" the character in the book By that
name. As am very interested would you mind
rtpTinting IT'D. NJ.
The Wandering Jew is a mythical
parsonage supposed to have insulted
Christ on his way to the cross. The
story goes that as Christ paused by
the roadside to rest this person
struck him and said: Go on
Il go. but tarry thou until come
again." was the Savior's answer. The
Jew is supposed to have wandered
the world over since then awaiting
the second coming of Christ.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

when Christmas birthday and engagement
gifts.
The turquoise stands for prosperity in love.
The agate said health long life and prosperity
amethyst prevent violent the beryl everlasting
youth and happiness bloodstonc eada Affection
and wisdom The chacedony believed to drive
sadness and chryole the from evil
and melancholy
OF only to be expected that the diamond would
outshne in its power. 1t signifies maintains
peace and dperses storms.
Among the other interesting meanings Emerald dis
covering false friends and love- for
stancy fidelity jasper wisdom
for good luck congena felicity opal unlucky
portcnding physical trouble pearl signyng
purity ruby discovers poison evils
sung friendship; sapphire frees from enchan
denotes repentance ardonyx married happiness;
fidelity and friendship, prevents bad dreams
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
TO SET COLOR.

Salt water was used by our
grandmothers to set the color in
certain materials. and it is still
highly recommended for black, gray
and blue garments. Alum Is better
for pink. lavender. green and red
Take two ounces Of alum to a tub
of water.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
Virginia Lees Personal Answers
To Herald Readers Questions

have received many inquiries concerning
the significance attached to various stones.
A request comes in from young to
the meaning attached TO the turquoise, and
will take the opportunity of providing my
readers with a number Of the best-known
as l answer his question. 1t seems that in the
time of the anccnts marvellous properties were
attributed to the precious stones 1t gradually
became customary for the lovers and friends
10 notice the particular significance attached
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Spirited" is perhaps the best term
In describing the Belgian womln. AID
it was this same spirit that carried
them so gloriously through the Ger
man invasion during the war.
The women of the middle classes
are noted for their daintiness of per-
son, tidiness in dress. and good taste
They abhor cheap finery and find a
real charm in that exquisite neatness
which is known in America as good
grooming"
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
Society
By E. c. DRUM-HUNT

Mr.. and Mrs. Francis Bowes Sayre.
of Cambridge. Mass. arrived in
Washington yesterday morning to
spend q few days with Mrs sayrsS
father. President Wilson, al the
White House. Yesterday was the
Presidents SD birthday anniver-
sary. which was spent very quietly
with his family.
The Belgian Ambassador ana
Baroness de Cartier de Marchien nne
will return today from a weekend
visit In New York. where they went
to attend the worlds premier pro-
duction Of Maeterlinck's Blue
Bird" The Belgian Ambassador had
as his guests in his box at the opera
Mr.. and Mrs. Maurice Maeterlinck.
Mrs. w. K Vanderbilt. jr. Mr.. and
Mrs Newbold Leroy Edgar and Mr..
and Mrs John Sanford.
Before going to the opera the AM
osssador and Baroness de Cartier
entertained a. a dinner in compIi-
nent to Mr.. and Mrs. Maeterlinck at
the Ritz Carlton Hotel. The French
Ambassador and Nine. Jusserand
had planned to attend the opera, but
were prevented by q previous en-
gaEement.
The other boxholders at the opera
were Mrs. George W. Vanderbilt.
Mrs Thomas Fortune Ryan. Mrs.
Frederick w. Vanderbilt. Mrs. Ho-
ratio N. Slater. Adolph Lewisohn.
Mrs. George Blumenthal, Mrs.
George Whalen. Mrs. John willys.
Mrs. Joseph Z. Corrigan. Mrs.
Clarence Mi1heiser. Mrs. James
Speyer, Mrs. william Hayward, Mrs.
Arthur Curtiss James, Mrs. Harry
Payne Whitney. Mrs. Charles NJ.
MacNeill. Mrs. John Aspregren, will
lard v. King. Mrs. Peter Larson, Mrs.
James B. Haggin. Mr.. and Mrs. Otto
H Kahn, CASTOR Liebert and n.
Maurice Casenave
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
She Was Fat

Tie shadow OF this picture
Ci,cs you an idsA nov she
looked and fc.t. By taking
"a o. ko-sin and folloEing
tlc easy directions q kore.n
s,Cem she reduced = POUND,
d. three months. Now she is
agile. attractive. mentally alert
ard in het.er health Il
liable anti fat Self tTUatment
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Many women hsVe rrdGCCd Ualy lssiinf
ingly 70 10 g po1nds BcoazaE- -rIq risi'sly slsn-
Ger and rumAin -, safe and pleasant me,h-d
endorsed ny physicians 500 GUARANTEE
Buy OIL Of korpin Al Any bIsy druggists: O.
write for free book o. adycc tcomes IN plain
vrapItzl TO Koran 90 NDoI. Station =.
NeE York Cty.-AdT.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas w. Sidwell
entertained at a delightful tea dance
on Friday from to o'clock at 1911
/ street in compliment to the men,
bers of the Alumni Association of
Friend School. The guests num-
bered about $50. Those assisting Mrs.
Sidwell were: Mrs. Robert NJ. Hinck-
ley. Mrs. Roy L. Newhauser. Mrs.
Joseph B. Kalbfus, Mrs. John D.
Van Wagner, Miss Elizabeth True
man King. Miss Hilda Janson, Miss
Elsa Rothrock. Miss Grace Z. Fox,
Miss Werner-Spanhoold. Miss Inger
Marghreta Bryn. Miss Mary Sibley
Evans and Miss Margaret Dodge.
Miss Elizabeth King was to have
spent the winter in France with her
brother, Col. Archibald King, but Col.
King has received orders to return to
America and is now on his way home.
Rear Admiral and Mrs. Strauss are
again in their house at ZOOS Massa-
chusetts avenue. after an absence of
three years. Mrs. Strauss will be at
home informally on Fridays in jan
uary from to 6.
Miss Edith Campbell was married
to Walter Langdon Whitney. by Rev.
c. NJ. Young. on Saturday. December
"a, at Trinity Episcopal Church, Ia
koma Park, D. c.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
wnMles.


Dear Miss Lee: II you will furnish M with
a recipe 70; wafries will be eEerlsstinsly in
dehted-IN NEED
The following recipe has been tried
and found very good: III cupfuls OF
flour. teaspoonfuls Of baking pow
der. u teaspooniul Of salt. ~ cupfuls
of milk. l egg. ) tablespoonfufs OF
melted butter.
Mix dry ingredients. Add milk. Beat
whites and yolks of eggs separately.
All yolks to dough. Add melted but
ter and fold in whites beaten very
stiff. Put spoonful of batter in each
compartment of hot. well creased
waffle iron.
Wandering jew.
Dear Miss Lee: I believe ] saw a short Ar
ticlc in yoUr PAPER some time ago on the WAN
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Madame Barnard Is typical
Belgian beauty Of the wealthy classes.
She is somewhat akin to her French
neighbor in general type. with dark
hair and eyes. and pale. creamy skin.
Her face is both vivacious and in
telllgent. with fine brows and lashes
In physique she is tall and strong.
though. of course. as in other lands,
the petite type is also found in Bel
gium.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
DIPLOMATS
AT RECEPTION,

4
DR.. and Mrs. Clarence J. Owens
received at the Willard Saturday
night in celebration of the TWEEN
tieth anniversary of their wedding.
Mr.. William H. Saunders made the
presentations. Receiving with DR..
and Mrs. Owens were Gen. and Mrs.
William c. Gorgas. Mr.. and Mrs.
Claude ". Bennett, Mr.. Arthur NJ.
Kennedy and Mr.. Q. A. Kennedy,
brothers OF Mrs. Owens, and Mrs.
! Q. A. Kennedy, from South Caro-
lima: Mr.. Albert E. Owens, brother
of DR.. Owens, and his sister, Mrs.
Hugh E. Phillips. Mrs. Fannie Au-
| gusta Owens the mother of DR..
| Owens. was in attendance.
Among the guests were repre-
sentatites of the diplomatic corps,
both Latin-American and European.
and many representatives of official
and social Washington, Maryland
and Virginia Mr.. Claude N. Ben
nett offered the felicitations of the
guests, to which DR.. Owens made
response. other features were the
solos rendered by Mrs. Anderson,
accompanied by Mrs. Mansfield.
Mrs. Clarence ]. Owens Is the daugh-
ter of Capt. w. II. Kennedy. of
South Carolina, a prominent banker.
DR.. Owens is the president of the
Southern Sociey of Washington, and
the director general OF the Southern
Commercial Congress.
Mr.. and Mrs. Logan Paschal Ken
nedy announce the engagement of
their granddaughter. Roberta Lin
mel Kennedy. to Lieut.. Col. Andrew
d. Bruce, U. S. A The marriage
will take place early in the new
year. Miss Kennedy is the daugh-
/ ter Of the late DIR. L. L. Kennedy.
formerly of Louisville, KY, and for
several years has made her home
in Washington with her grand
parents. at 1903 Hobart street north
west.
Lieut.. Col. Bruce is now stationed
at Camp Travis, Texas, as divisional
machine gun officer. During the
! war he served with the Second DI-
vision. In command of the motor
lied machine gun battalion.
Mr.. and Mrs. Samuel ]. Gompers
/ have announced the marriage of their
daughter. Florence Mary. to DIR. WILL
lam Henry MacKay, of waltham,
Mass. The service was performed by
DIR. J. Sherry Montgomery, at noon on
December 25. Since returning from
overseas service DR.. MacKay has To-
| Gated in. Philadelphia. where the hap
py couple will make their home. Mrs.
MacKay Is a granddaughter of Saml.
Gompers, president Of the American
Federation of Labor.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

entertained informally at a tea Satur
day in compliment to Mrs. Winter.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Mrs. Philander Knox. wife of Sena-
tor Knox, and Mrs. Burt Spilman
have gone to Palm Beach for an ex.
tended stay. Senator Knox expects
to join them later.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Mrs. Albert Halstead and Miss
Ailene Halstead. wife and daughter
Of the American Commissioner in
Vienna. have arrived in Washington.
having Just reached this country from
Europe.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Mrs. Alexander Sharp. jr, will en-
tertain at luncheon today at the Army
and Navy Club in honor of Miss Mar
garetta SymOns and her fiance, Mr..
Courtland Van Wrinkle, whose mar
rage will take place at noon to-
morrow. Her guests will include the
members Of the wedding party and
the out-of-town guests. Col and Mrs.
Thomas w. Symons will entertain at
supper for their daughter following
the rehearsal this evening. Miss
Symons will be attended by her
cousin. Miss Louise Robinson, OF
Pittsburg. who will be her maid OF
honor, and four bridesmaids, Miss
Lefty Robinson, sister of the maid of
honor. and Miss Margaret Burgwin.
Of Pittsburg; Miss Amy Logan, OF
New York. and Miss Margaret Huo-
bard, of Yonkers. n. Y. The best
man will be Mr.. John NJ. S. Allison,
of New Haven; and the ushers will
be Mr.. Louis v. Ladoux. Of CornwelI.
n. Y; Mr.. David Magic, Mr.. Robert
h. Root and Mr.. Frederick Stohlman.
Of Princeton. n. j.: Mr.. Kingsland
Van Wrinkle. brother OF the bride
groom, and Mr.. John II. Henry. OF
Lawrenceville. N. ]. The ceremony
will be performed tomorrow morning
at n:So in st. Matthews Church.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

With a graceful semi-rolled coif-
fure. shimmering hair ornaments are
the final touch Of beauty. particularly
this season. In fact. fashion dictates
make them almost a necessity for
evening wear.
Here are sketched the dependable
favorites. rhinestone pins. arranged
at each side of the coiffure close ,o
the neck. The latest fancy is the use
Of sprays made Of green gold In the
form OF laurel leaves, worn high in
the hair, as shown In the same
sketch. -
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
MRS. A. WINTER
IN WASHINGTON.

Mrs Alpheus Winter, formerly Of
this city. now residing in Bridgeport,
Conn. Is spending the holidays with
her brother and sister-in-law. Mr..
and Mrs. Max Wiehle. Mrs. wiehle
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29
yIsCoUNT GREY
LEAVES TOMORROW.

Viscount Grey. the British Ambas-
sador. will leave Washington tomor-
row for New York to sail for home
next Saturday on the Aouitania- He
will be accompanied by his personal
suite. Sir William Tyrrell, Ronald
Campbell and Maj. Crauford Stuart
During the Ambassadors absence the
business Of the embassy will be con-
Quoted by Ronald c. Lindsay, the
counselor.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

The Postmaster General and Mrs
A. s. Burleson will entertain at din
ner tomorrow evening.
The Washington herald., 1919-12-29

Mrs. Thomas J. Preston. formerly
Mrs Grover Cleveland. has returned
TO her home in Princeton. n. J.. from
trip abroad. She went there to visit
her married daughter. Esther. in Lam
castershire. England. and especially to