davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-04
The First
Sector

The Nth Division was not only
the first National Army unit over
seas, it was also the first to take
over sector of the fighting line.
That was Baccarat, in the Luneville
region, south Of Strasbourg, the
now recovered capital of Lorraine,
where the French and Germans had
confronted each other in quiet
watchfulness for four years.
The infantry relieved the AID
Division in this sector, beginning
June 16. The artillery started north
the day after its July parade in
Bordeaux, and the division was COM
plete again for the first time since
it left the United States. Every
precaution had been taken to pre-
vent the Germans getting informa-
ton Of the fact that a new division
was coming into line, but they man.
aged it. somehow. That sector. ac-
cording to returned officers, was
filled with German spies. And on
July "a, when the relief had been
practically completed, the enemy,
as if awaiting that event, first dis
played from his observation bal
looms signs which read, "Goodby
42d; Hello 77th," and then showered
the newly arrived troops with phos.
gene and mustard gas. Clouds OF
sickly green phosgene spread over
! the ground occupied by the New
Workers. Shells heavy with the in
sidious mustard, which sears and
blisters after working its way
through q soldiers clothes, plopped
down in all parts of the area.
This sector afforded the division
its final war training. 1t was a
beautiful country of wooded hills,
but the troops had no time to ad-
mire terrestrial beauty. They were
in contact with the enemy under
the eyes of the French poilu, who,
while he was eager to help, was still
waiting to be shown how good a
soldier the American was.
The German was expected to put
on a "show' July 8. He usual
ly made an effort to disturb French
or British holidays, but he made no
effort to interfere with the Ameri-
can, and the French snapped
smokes and fluctuations with the
Americans on the 4th. On the 14th,
the Americans returned the compli-
ment.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-04
Tho Fought Hardest and Fartlest of A?-Ask the 18th
Next Phalanx i'm the Home.
Coming Hosts of
Heroes

women and solemn faced elderly
men. Every street resounded with
martial music, as young men walked
or rode behind bands of every
variety-brass, jazz, even fife and
drum, laboriously blown and beaten
by short-winded veterans of the
Civil War arrayed in their old union
regimentals, or the buff and blue
and cooked hat of Lexington Minute
mon
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-04
Rest Camp,
But No Rest

The men soon found that most
of their training in the American
manual of arms and foot drill had
been useless. Their Springfelds
were taken from them, and they
we're given instead British Enfields
Furthermore, the two brigades were
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-04

r. outfit, that unit with which
- he met gloriously the ulti-
mate tests of manhood in
face of death, the best that ever
trod a battlefield since an unhappy
world invented war He wouldn't
be much of soldier if he didn't.
Whether it be his squad, or his COM
uany, regiment, brigade, division,
army corps or army, he unreservedly
declares and believes it the best
the best squad in the best company
of the best regiment, and so on.
So it is with the men of the 77th
Division, those "draftees" of Metro
politan New York, representing for
ty-two nationalities and racial stocks
and speaking a myriad of tongues,
who have been crowding back home
this last week for their Victory
Review and final goodby to SOL
diering. Eighteen months ago they
were a conglomerate mob of tailors,
scions of the colonial Dutch Square
heads" college men, stevedores,
subway diggers, millionaires, bank
ers, crapshooters, stuss players
and gunner. To-day, surviving vet
Grams of some of the fiercest battles
of the greatest war in history, they
are returning conscious of clean
fighting record that gives strength to
their claims of glory.
They are inclined to admit that
General Pershing was entirely cor
rect in crediting the whole Ameri-
can army with the feat Of finally
ending The war. They concede that
the 42d Division, with the old 69th
and its gallant crew of New York
Irish, was fine, hard-hitting divi-
sion. So was the 9th, the New
York National Guard unit. And
they also think that the LIST, I'd, Sd
asd 4th Regulars were there when
it came to infiicting, or standing up
under, punishment. But they are
convinced, nevertheless, that the
product of the melting pot which
the late Major General j. Franklin
Bell wrought into an effective fight
= ing machine at Camp Upton eigh-
teen months ago has a little edge
on them all.
Their demonstration runs some
thing like this:
(Which was the first National
Army Division in France and on the
fighting line? A-The Nth.
what was the greatest battle Of
the war in which Americans took
part? A.-The capture of the For
est of Argonne.
who did it? A.-The 77th; it
was the only division that went
through the Argonne from end to
end.
(which of the American divisions
recovered the greatest stretch of
ground from the Germans? A.
The 9TH; more than II kilometres,
80 of that distance being in the
Argonne.
What was the most amazing ex-
plot Of the American campaign in
France? A-The defence of the
Lost Battalion in the pocket of
the Argonne.
"To what division did the Lost
battalion belong? A.-The 77th"
And the men of the 308th Infan-
try score point over comrades of
the other regiments, for the Lost
Battalion commanded by Major,
afterward Lieutenant Colonel,
Charles Whittlesey, belonged to
that command.
The story of the 77th began
September 10, 1917. On that date
the first increment Of selected men
gathered up by the 1879 draft boards
Of the city entrained for Camp
Upton. That day is we'll remem-
bered. Every station in all the Dor
oughs from which trains proceeded
to Yaphank, Long Island, was
thronged with weeping girls and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-05-04

Continued on nert page
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

eight or ten small mines IN different
parts Of The territory All these
mines. except those IN rhe Matauuska
ana Boring river fields and at Port
Graham. produced coal for local use
under free use permits. About twelve
mines were operated. employing 23s
meu for An average period OF 254
days.
In the Matan,rka fe,d n,e F,sks
Creek mines we're operated regularly
throughout the year by the Alaskan
engineering comm ission. 70 supply
fuel FOR railroad and other govern
ment use. Az the Chickaloon nina
also operated by tho Alaskan engi-
noerinG commission, the work has
consisted primarily of exploration
and development. and only a small
amount ot coal, won incidentally.
has been produced In 1918 for the
first time Matanusks coal was shipped
beyond Anchorage. Private opera
preparatory IN mining were con
tinuec ny two inssees in the Matan-
uska field and some Goa, was mined
by one Of them but their mines are
not yet regularly productive
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

New York has long since learned that
a vast majority of the children who
attend public schools do not go to
college afterward.
From that suggestion developed
the idea of vocational education.
which is now accomplishing wonders.
Perhaps more than any one agency,
u Is helping TO transform In heart
and action the alien life OF the me-
trorolis into part and parcel Of our
body polite. The tnnisrant's chill
dren are being fitted for that econ
onic Independence witch conaes with
skilled hands instead OF being sent
forth from school with unframed
hands and poorly trained minds.
when one reflects that seven opt
Of every nine children OF school age
in New York are of Immigrant
parentage, a situation is disclosed
that might r. termed startling, cs-
pschfly when Ii In revnern bered that
she school army OF Greater Gotham
is so large that IL IT marched ten
abreast in close formation the front
rank would be boarding a North
river ferryboat when the rear guard
was crossing the Schuyikiil out OF
Philadelphia.
TT r.. a staggering task which con
fronts the city in America nizins
such huge numbers Of youthful for
efgnerS INDEED did il not happen
that New York is SO rich---wtth as
sessed values greater than those Of
the next seven cities In America
com b,ned lit might we'll call upon
the national government FOR aid.
Eut with such wealth II Is bearing
the burden alone and Is doing II ad-
mira bly,.
"one might write at 'ene+h about
Strik in- features of the New York
public schools. which stands first
among all the agencies for American
isiRr the immigrants children. How
these schools take seventy odd
tongues and substitute good Engiish;.
how they not only labor n Mt boys
and girls for Intelligent and useful
places In the country's great ipdus-
trial systnm. but also through en-
pioVment hucraus bring tho trained
pupil and tho open Job together:
how they provide evcry year for the
children Of an added population
equal to that of Memphis, Tennessee
are achieve m ants and problems
worthy of consideration by Aneri
esssss rsws.srh.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
MEXICAN SITUATION
AFFECTS STOCK MARKET

New York, Nov sos--T~he coal strike.
the Mexican situation and the money
market are three factors that continue
to comriicate the stock market, Not
one Of them has approached settlement
for in none of them rs yet apparent
any definite plan of action only tenn
porisine, Hecaure OF this the stock
market Is ieaderloss and in state of
great confusion n any et Theses three
elemental factors ware Hettlea even
though settled wrong. Il would help
the market. but the uncertainty il de
mcraltzing The most important cpe-
oiators are equally At sea az n whether
ulatnrs are equailya' sea as to whether
IN huy or sell stocks.
The veil has been lifted from The
immediate past Of the stock market
sufficiently to make tt possible tn say
few things with certainty. ore fact
clearly revealed Is that the insidcra
were able to hold off tho raid or tho
money market until most of them dis
'ributed = large percentage Of thejr
vtocks. In one or two industries i'm
portant nersora-eS were abie not only
TO distribute their long stocks bnt to
20 short. This is particularly true in
regard 10 copper, They have henn able
10 take such q stock market position
that they 10 not care now " their spec
uiative loans on copper metal are called
ard. the CRISIS rrecinitated The oil
people were not able TO go short. but
fire s. nd wsf-ar Up great tfssi W sfetr
long stocks THIS is true also of
good many ndustrials. The autono~
bile and rubber stocks seem 70 he in the
hands of insiders for the future ri the
motor industry la so bright tho big
people in II cannot understand the
pessisr1 in general business
n IN useless TO discuss the money
market hecausc those In charg. of II
have arroeated 70 themselves the con
troll of speculation In the United States
There is no ha~is for discussing the
money market therefore and with this
element ri great uncertainty no bug
iness man can say whether he viii have
funds with which to carry out any
contemplated campaign either in
binary commercial business or IN the
stock market.
The railroads persist in forcing them
selves into public attention. Market
analysis love to tell themselves that
the selling Of highs grade railroads is
due TO the recording Of losses by in
vnstors. II is recording of ;osscs al,
right but unwilling losses, AS the
date approaches when railroads must
he turned back to private ownership
the public realizes more and more to
what extent the prorertieg have be-
come demoralized under government
management. This is not saying that
they might not have been just as
badly demoralized under private con-
troll during the war. but in the finan-
cial world there lis a disposition to
blame the government for permitting
the employees to attain the position OF
domination which they seem to have
The owners OF the railroads look with
dread to tho day when the government
Will cease to be responsible and will
turn the properties back to private con-
trol-~turn them back with all the hand
leaps Of not stock ownership but actual
labor union wnership---that's what's
the matter with the rails.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
NEW YORK CITY
Training School for Americanism

York city. just now being criticised
az & hothed Of alien agitation, is
~itod by g. bulietin of the National
Geographic society for It's tremendous
service. in absorbing our Immigrant
citizens.
If the general ccnesrn about the
alien menace leads TO broader nation
al sympathy for those places which
have borne the brunt of q national
burden. il will rot have been in vain,
says the bulletin, which quotes from
a communication by William Joseph
Showalter concerning Eey York . i'm
migration problem as follows:
Any story OF New York begins
with its people, and in its Vast az
sregation Of humanitS there Is n
wealth Of interest.
Let those who have been rsssi-
mtstic about our Immigration study
New York II seems unbalievab BILE;
we're born in America were to leave
the city its standing as the second
most populous center in the world
would be affected In other words,
the number of immigrants and their
children resident in New ork 81 al
most equal to the combined pcpula-
tions of Paris and Philadelphia and
greater than the combined popuia
tons of Chicago arG ffrriiu7
Three people out Of every four
In the great metropolis were born
under alien flags or are the children
~ the foreiEr-borr But who that
has studied the situation can gain
say New Tork's Americsnism
The story of how the ONE fourth
nj he city's population that Is NJ
native ancestry has Americanized tho
three fourths that is foreign in birth
nj narertsEe is revealed IN the
sch oais.
He who studied NJ GrSt hard The
processes ~ Aroricanizatinn and cit
!. izen building finds work being done
which would stir the heart of this
most Unconditional observer He rn~
allies that all of what is called New
J orks politics. stories Of graft and
the like, are hut tho froth and foam
(which necks tho waves of the .cttys
life. while beneath runs a deer cur
rent OF progress aud public SPIRIT
which takes forui u carefully con
eeivei and snlcr!idly executed health
VIZ. In school system that has ac~
UompiiShed wonders, in II water svs.
fcm emphasizing ANYTHING of ITS kind
m earth, and in a hundred and one
other WAYS not quite 80 dramatic as
the printed stories "r its politics and
graft but none The less tnii Of human
interest
... Along With many .., other 81 s,itsas..
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
ERADICATION OF THE RED FLAG

auiring immense funds for special
work tn this world-emergency have
Included In their budgets liberal
sums for making easy the transition
Of the newly arrived American from
The statue al q stranger To full mem
hershlp IN the household Of free men.
A1trp.s1ic 81 is much Of the ef-
fort begun and contemplated. there is
AT Intensely practical view which has
weight Men who can read and I'm
aerstand Our language make better
citize ns~~not better In intention all
ways but better in fact because they
are able to grasp at least some Of
the basic things In American life and
practice the arts of citizenship xith
a fuller understanding II everybody
we're tnfallible in his judgment. IT
wouldn't matter at -a~ar tAe ma
tive born are not that--auite too
often popular ma1orities IN elections
hive been proved by eveDts 80 have
been in the wrong.
Every nell~considered effort 70 free
our new Americans from their handi-
caps deserves commentators Olrr
existence as o nation may depend
upon tho success OF those efforts
yet exposed to the propaganda Of the
red nag
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
POLITICAL PRISONERS
TO RECEIVE A0F 1

n,,,r <oy. 3o.--F'feid MAr.tai
ynrd French and CHIEF - AExetasy
M.cpbarson on behalf Of tkNs HFitash
yovernn,ent IN ireland. heSA~1ecidAd
10 increase pressure by furrcn tho
nart Of the present rnilitAr1-sass by
formulating In specified rsspec1a me
agreements Of former adHssnseAfseson
70 amelicrate the treatment Oh pcHu-
ical prisoners as distinct 1YoM1 - ~
out and out criminals s1te'iafhf
,ssued from Dublin castle saTE
..The government has dstarn1ined
that In future there will he no an1-sttr-
attcns IN the prison treatment 70 %
given IN cases OF prisoners conTf~fed
under common law or nndar ary
statute Other than the dsfrrce ~ he
realm, act. no matter by what Fi~s-
nal Y
,'1or win a,sIiorat,ons pc rraated
", prisoners convicted under fht e
fersa of tho reaIm act or the foAr'sr-
inc off nses. Carrying ar ke~.'t~g
Arc ARMS. rslnfsry srnis. su1rfunstlFn
0t explnsges. having or using r.re'r
cAr- ar meteor cvoles without usTs@it
e.eors in caees Of snsrfhere Of sis
r,a5estxts forces or 'he forces of lie
allies i,r thu polite AMI constable tt'nrs
erS faiiure ~ ohcS 2rdefe 81 inc esslf,-
,,etel7t military or naval ausnrrasy
prohibiting such person from rerffi~x
or entering any area. @.gs.---
Tho notice addG that pris6rers@1T III
he treated as if fhey had b~enes-fsst-
yifted on tao offence diTefosAd b. ms
warrant ~ cnr1mittai
1t te further stated IN the srre1fYs'r~
mont thef in ,he future an1eiioratArns
viii be conditional mon rrisonfrs 49,
havinr. Hunger strikes Ufli ta--ns
cireu,,a atsnces he released efsher scf~n
dtticna1iv or Internationally.
Any rrisc1or WHO rrsartg to fyr~
ger striking" il saws, will do 80 with
fuu knowledge Of the consequences
ANY prisoner who persists in r~9Es-
ing To nsrt4ke OF food and susterA rrs
from the prison authorities will ~
alone Responsible " ss@
The notice Is the result of th~ rs
cent hunger strike when Sim FeinsrD
not treated as political prt"~ner-* de-
spite the soverrmentss pledge rtfnsee
! food and became sick snd the authors.
ties felt obliged 10 release ther -
prevent a tragedy NJ
The Sinn Fetnerr insiss on pcsNffAs
treatment and undoubtedly are wffls''1
itoi MAXI any sacrifice. even dsath.
Grave consequences are expected from
this new order II
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
SICK ROOM WALKING CHAIR
STRENGTHENS SHAKY LEGS

that a patient requires quite as much
attention when convnkscing as when
desperately III. This attention is ma
teriaily reduced by new walking
char" described and illustrated in the
December Popular Mechanics Maya
zine. Made OF light steel tubing and
rolling on ball-bkaring casters, the
chair is easily pushed along the floor.
When the patient wishes to sit down
he finds 1t easy to pull a sliding ca ne
seat into place. Adjustable crutches
may be fitted to the chair during the
carrier stages Of convalescence.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
ALASKA'S COAL MINES

Billions Of tons OK high grade coal
lie waiting for chance to keep the
human race warm and keep the
shsels ~ industry turning But the
scs1 is in Alaska Most OF the hui
ffaab facs and uearly all of its indus
fvs ifve enormously far away from
.hese carbon treasures.
However. he industry Of coal
snintne In that frosty land is actually
getting good start though it will
hardly afford any great relief in the
present fuel Shortage in tho world
Tire Prod uction OF coal in Alaska last
soas was 1896 tons. valued nj san
$50. according to the Z. S. Geological
Survey. Department of the Interior
THIS may be compared with 1885
tens valued AZ :265,217. in 1917.
The production for 1915 was by far
TIE largest in the history OF coal min
ing in Alaska. being 10 per cen,
larger than the output for l9l7.
which was also greater Than that "
any prsvfour year. The larger part
~ the output in 1918 came from. The
Natanuska aeld. which yielded sa,os2
tons The remainder came from
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
ALL EYES ON CONGRESS

The eyes Of the world wifi be
focused t,,day at Washington, where
he congress Of the United States
eaeets la regular aeazion to face auea-
tions # :ne vasteat importance To
aar country in tts national and In
sernaeionsl life.
From war-strieke-n Europe comes
she cry that America prove quickly.
ny ratifyine the peace treaty and the
accompanying covenant of the league
OF nations. her rightful place as the
aoreh bearer Of civilization in pre-
serv4ng the freedora and the univer-
ss1 democracy that have corao out Of
tae war.
Ms1ico presents Erare problem
sne which requires the tbougttfpl at
s@ntson and patriotic action Of those
rho rsrrescnt thu reople AZ the acat Of
rnvewnnent, To them the country
sssr sa@ luss NJ tx s.A
8nok# in Theses nonentous DAYS Tor
ffe highest sort ut non par tisau
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
PROHIBITION PROMOTING NEWS INDUSTRIES

The wine grape growers OF Cali
fornia according 10 u Los Angeles
dispatch Of recent date, have discov-
which will bring in additional reve-
nue TO offset whatever loss. If any
may accrue from prohibition
II is said that a new food oil OF
from grape seeds. after the Juice has
BEEN extracted from the grapes, tor
making grape Juice for comm er cial
purposes. Scientists declare that the
nev oil may become rival OF the
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01
GETTING THEIR EYES OPEN

Liquor men with their blood curd-
ling stories about The dire effects of
prohibition on al kinds Of business.
staxnpeded the business interests of
he country Drye65ods men. boot and
shot dealers. olo,hiers. aroccrs, en-,
rloy~rs ana real estate men have al
ready found their business greatly
benefited by dry conditions
Nov comes the Ohio Ice Manutac
trrsrs and Dealers and, in annual
tonyentien. declare that prohibition
has helped The ICE business They
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

Earnest MINDED gacs * the Pits
surg induSuisl district have com
mencea the publication Of weekly
Newspaper for tire express purpose Of
eenlbsttsnr the atoas Of literature"
eageh the reds are sasa 81, he dts-
sr.hutnE wherever they can gain rhe
stseaiion OF anybody willing 70 read.
Farintea in tisat languages. the in
st1al Issue IF this newspaper bears
nron It's pages thc unnoistakaeje in
a&oia o. whas's-the- matter Tn
assl1r lated 8wollers In the land,
aiftn- hcrn raen who have not oven
learned 70 read the language ,of the
e6unug OF their adoption, have be-
eonae factor in our American life
thai Ass been raaeh too long neg
lectAd.
They form a dangerous factor be-
canee OF that ignoran nee of our tongue
~tsIch makes IL exceedingly difficult
Tor them to get the spirit of our In
st4turiens and corresponding easy
~ evtl neu of their own nationality
II roison thar minds against every
t#iny genuinely American steps To
Svsrcglne this menacins condition
hsvs been taken by MANY groups OF
rhurohuen and rofarmerK. All Of
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

cooking.
Is this g demonstration Of the old
adage, Necessity Is thu Iaother of in
vention1" Prohibition Soams TO he
developing industries on the ruins of
old wineries, distiIleries and brew
cries that never would have been de-
veloped otherwise. And the best of
IT Ia that these new industries are
Supplying legitimate needs Of the
people instead of furnishing a COM
modify that works against the gen
eral welfare
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

&ervicc Let's adjourn politics IN the
hour of danger
I'll" Industrial erlsjs is the most
acute tho country las ever faced.
with labor and capital' standing with
drawn knives. ready FOR e. knock out
aFht while The general public suffAre
closed factories and the shadow OF a
threatened coal famine becomes
longer day by day. it Ia high time
for action with "a single rurpose--ts1e
common good,
ON a sick bed the president Is
wrestling With these 1uest,cns and his
recommendation for their solution
Will be forwarded 10 the congress
soon after it coutenes. That body
must dismiss any spirit NJ partisan
shin ia cenmderins them. having in
mind only the single ain, Of working
with him 10 thc oest Of It's ability tor
the welfare Of alt the people without
respect to divisional tit>ca as,ywh here
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-12-01

are selling more ice and the morale q.
their employees is greatly improved.
As leading metropolitan journal
recently declared. the American PEG.
pie have learned to challenge any
b
statement ewiana,ing from the liquor
camp