davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1919-06-28

MI Clemens, Mich.-ln It's sixth
week and rapidly approaching It's
seventh, the Henry Ford-Chicago
Tribune 81, 600 900 libel case promises
to break all records for legal battles
Of this kind.
When attorneys for Mr.. Ford closed
their case, after occupying a full week
with the testimony of soldiers and
their dependents, the defense opened
by calling witnesses from Texas and
proceeded to re-create for the benefit
of the jury, the situation which existed
on the Mexican border at the time
The Tribune called Mr.. Ford an N
archist.
All of this testimony has been ad-
mitted by the court over the general
objection of the plaintiffs attorneys
who claim that the case should be
confined to the -four corners of the
editorial" and who declare further
that The Tribune cannot find justif1ca-
ton for calling Mr.. Ford an anarchist
In the mere fact that he Is a pacifist.
Big Business Blamed.
One of the witnesses called by The
Tribune has been Norman Walker,
Associated Press bureau chief in Ell
Paso, Texas. Mr.. Walker thrilled the
spectators It the trial with his per-
sonal story. He was captured by the
Mexican Federal forces in 1911 and
narrowly escaped being executed as a
SPY. During the course of cross-ex-
animation, Mr.. Walker stated that he
had heard representatives of Amer
lean business interests In Mexico in
sist that armed Intervention was the
lnly way out of the trouble. This Is
one of the points at which Ford co1n-
sci Is driving. One of their conten-
tons is that The Tribune advocated
Intervention in Mexico because its
owners and stockholders were inter
ested in the Standard Oil and Inter
national Harvester concerns, both of
which have large business interests
in the country. Further than this, the
Ford attorneys make the distinct
charge that The Chicago Tribune was
pro-German up TO the time the United
States entered the world war and hat
in advocating var with Mexico 1t vas
playing Germany's game.
The Tribune's witnesses are prob
ably the most picturesque ever pro-
duced In a middle-western court case.
The wear their border garb Of mole
skin clothes, high leather boots, high
crowned velour or felt hats and most
Of them are heeled with beautiful
pistols.
Ford to Take Stand.
The Tribune has announced that It
will call both Henry Ford and his son
Edsel Ford to the witness stand. It
has also announced that, If the court
permits, It will air the entire question
Of national preparedness to show that
In his endeavors to promote peace,
Mr.. Ford became a dangerous enemy
Of America.
Counsel for the plaintiff, on the 9TH
or hand, keeps mailing the tury's 1T
tention to the issue In the case, which
is that The Tribune called Mr.. Ford
an anarchist. This q libel, they in
sist because, 1t Is their contention,
the charges on which the editorial
wAs based-that men who entered the
service OF the nation would not be
given employment when they return-
cd and their families would be per
mitted to suffer want and privation
while they were gone-were utterly
and maliciously false
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1919-06-28
HENRY FoRD-cHIcAGo TRIBUNE
CASE STILL HOLDS THE
ATTENTION OF COURT.
FORD CALLED ANARCHIST
Soldiers Testify That The Ford Co.
Held Places Open For Them
And Helped Families.
The Case to Date

The Chicago Tribune In an edt-
torial printed June %, 1916, de-
clared Henry Ford Is An Anarch-
ist." It followed this with the
charge that Mr.. Ford would not
hold jobs omen for the men in mis-
employ who were called to the
Mexican border, nor would he as
sist any of their dependents who
might be In need.
Mr.. Ford brought suit for libel
against the Tribune for the sum of
1000, 900 and the case, after many
legal battles, was brought to trial
In Mt. Clemens, Mich.
In an effort to justify the printed
statement, The Tribune has sum-
moned a large number of witnesses
from the Mexican border to testify
to the state of unrest which pre-
vailed at the time The Tribune was
calling for armed Intervention and
Mr.. Ford was counselling gentler
methods.
Mr.. Ford, in presenting his case,
summoned a large number of en-
ployes who left the Ford Motor
Company to serve on the border
and overseas. All of these men
testified that their jobs yer wait
ing for them when they returned.
Wives of the men also took the
stand and testified that they mad
received regular financial assist
ance from the Ford Motor Co.
while their husbands were in the
service.
The Pleasantville press. (Pleasantville, N.J.) 1912-1929, 1919-06-28
Bankers Blamed For War.

Mr.. Ford declared also, the witness
testified, that the world war was
started by two great bankers, that he
knew who they were and that he In
tended to draw their teeth before he
finished with them. Speaking along
the same line, Mr.. Ford was said to
have made the declaration hat the
revolution in Mexico, which resulted
in raids into the United States, was
staged by financial interests who
hoped to bring about intervention.
q know who they are too" MT. Ford
is said to have stated.
Mr.. Wood, it appears, pleaded earn
estly with Mr.. Ford in an endeavor to
persuade him that the United States
was exceedingly vulnerable and that
there was immediate danger that
some nation would step in and con
quer Us. But the only satisfaction he
got was Mr.. Ford's laughing retort
"Oh, you're full of scare gas
Under cross-examination Mr.. Wood
admitted that he was not aware that
q number Of men who were associated
with him in his preparedness propa-
ganda were making great sums OF
money out Of the European war.
The probabilities are that the de-
Tense will consume at least another
week and hat the trial viii last until
the end of July
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
SHIP INSURANCE
BAN LIFT URGED
Foreign Companies Comb
ingProhts" of Americans,
Is Disclosure of Board.

Restrictions imposed by States on
marine insurance have enabled for
GsSn underwriters to secure prsc-
teal monopoly Of the American mar
ket.
This monopoly is being used by
foreign nations to control the main
trade routes. besides permitting tens
of millions of dollars in premiums
to flow abroad annually which could
be absorbed by American companie.
if present conditions were rectifisl
These disclosures are made I'm a
letter addressed to the governors and
state insurance commissioners TODAY
by the House Committee on the Mer-
chant Marine and Fisheries and the
United States Shipping Board.
The letter recommends the imme-
date removal of these restrictions es-
sential TO the successful maintenance
Of the merchant marine anu the de-
velopment Of the foreign trade OF
this country.
The letter lays particular stress on
the fact that the possession of these
facilities is enabling foreign under
writer to comb our profits and In
control directly and indirectly many
of The leading lines of international
commerce.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
CRoCERS PRESS
PACKER HEARING
National Association Will
Not Drop Suit Until As
sured Free Field.

Chicago, Dec. 20. - The National
Wholesale Grocers' Association to-
day refused to drop its suit against
the big five" packers before the
Federal trade commission.
Clifford Thorne. general counsel
for the grocers. said the suit will
be dropped only if the government
and the packers produce a detailed
statement of the agreement and pre-
sent conclusive evidence that the
meat packers will withdraw perma-
nently from the grocery field
J. Ogden Armour said Armour
and Company would sell their inter-
ests in every stockyard company.
close their grocery business and dis
continue all unrelated lines at once.
The Chicago Stockyards Company
will be dissolved. packers said.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
PEACEMISSION I
HEAD RETURNS
Undersecretary Polk, Form
er Ambassador White
And Gen. Bliss Land.

New York. Dec. 2O-Frank l.. Polk.
Under Secretary of State and head of
the American peace commission, and
former Ambassador Henry White and
General Tasker II. Bliss. also MEM
bers of the commission. landed at the
Battery tonight.
The peacemakers' party was taken
off the America at Quarantine, and
were brought to the pier on a tug
The America anchored late this after
noon and will move into her dock to-
morrow.
) b
Relatives of Mrs. Polk. who, with
two children accompanied her hus-
band. were the only persons present
when the army tug locked.
Secretary Polk announced that he
would remain in New York a few
days before proceeding to Washing
ton.
Gen. Bliss announced that he would
leave for Washington Monday with
his entire force. Former Ambassa dor
White declared that he would leave
for Washington within the next few
days
Congressman Fred Britton and wife,
of Chicago. landed with the peace
party.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
q KILLED OR BURNED TO DEATH IN WRECK
Jazz in Church
To Stir'Em Up

Denver, Dec. 2o.-"The whole
French nation was awakened
by jazz music; so why not use
it to wake up the church,"
said the Rev. G, d. Lakeland,
pastor of Grace Methodist
Episcopal Church, in explain
ing his announcement that he
will have a negro jazz band in
the church at tomorrow's serv-
ice.
If we give them music with
pep, punch and some kick"
he added, they will be in a
more receptive mood to ap-
preciate the blessings of reli-
gion. Christ was no monk.
He fraternized with the COM
mon people and INDUCED in
their customs. The churches
are no better than Christ and,
as every one loves jazz music,
why not please the multi
tude:"
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
PALMER after
CLOTHING RING
Attorney General Serves
Notice on Trust to
Lower Prices.

Prosecution of the ready-made
clothing trust" may be the next
objective of Attorney General Palmer
in his fight to reduce prices.
Palmer. it was learned. has ready
a big stick to swing over the cloth
ing manufacturers like the one
used in forcing a settlement with
the packers. The Attorney General.
however. plans first to use dipIo-
matte methods on the clothing max
ers.
Ample opportunity for price goug-
ers in the clothing line to withdraw
gracefully from their enforcement
of high prices will be afforded at a
conference here in January. The
call for this conference probably
will be sent out tomorrow. II will
include clothing manufacturers and
wholesale and retail dealers.
Palmer will emphasize to the con-
Nhdl pilN@S COII1e uOWn.
Then they will be left to their own
devices in working out a plan. In
doing this they will have the as
sistance of agents of the Department
of Justice. But the plan as finally
approved by the conference will have
to have also the approval of the At
torney General. Assistant Attorney
General Figg, in charge of the con-
ference. yesterday denied any init
nation that the high priced-clothing
ring is to be coerced. Despite this,
it is known that the department
has at its disposal evidence tending
to show profiteering in many lines
of wearing apparel.
The Federal Trade Commission,
which furnished the bulk of the evil
dence with which Palmer armed him
self. before forcing the packers to
settlement, also has figures on the
clothing industry.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Loss of Teachers
Wrecking Schools

teachers who live here. the school Of
ficials are facing the loss of a number
Of teachers whom they were able TO
obtain during the war for temporary
work. These are women who have
taught schools in the several States.
who had come to Washington with
husbands employed in government
work here. They were willing. because
of love for the work. to help relieve
the situation here by taking positions
at the small salaries. Now. the school
officials say, these women are leaving
the schools to return home with their
husbs nds.
90 Conc since September.
since September last. when the
schools opened here, there has been
a loss to the teaching personnel Of
opSrNUnD ON PAGE NINE
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
FRENCH AIRMEN
SUFFERED MOST
Official Figures Show Their
Casualties Heaviest of
Any Allied Arm.

The complete official statistics Of
the French air forces. received here
yesterday by the War Department.
show that that nations flying forces
suffered the greatest proportion of
losses of any arm OF any Of the
allied armies
From August I. 1914. 10 November
II. 1918, 1876 pilots snd observers were
killed; l.46l were listed as missing
and 2.922 were wounded. All the ia :
talities occurred inside the army
zones. Outside the army zones, how
ever. 1.ss7 pilots and observers were
killed. thereby bringing the total los
ses in killed and wounded up TO 7.76..
As the full strength of the French Air
Service in December, 1915. was l2.9l9
men. the war losses represent 81 per
cent
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
CONGRESS AIDS
Renewed WAR
ON ANARCHISTS
Membership in Red Group
Made Deportable Ofense
By House Bill.
PLUGS LEGAL LOOPHOLE
Scores Of Alien Agitators
Herded at New York to
Be Booted from u. S.

Congress and the Department OF
Labor yesterday speeded work Of rid
ding the country Of aliens who are ad-
vocating revolution and violence,
The House. by unanimous vote,
passed drastic amendments to the de-
portation laws under which several
hundred radicals. now immune. &C
cording TO Department Of Labor ruI-
ings. viii be sent back to Russia and
other European countries. The
in general make i; de-
portable orcnse to be member Of
organizations or groups advocating
violence. anarchy or revolution or To-
give financial 81 other assistance 10
such movements. These were the
l""pholcS IN present laws. the Labor
department said.
Meanwhile the Bureau Of Immlgra-
ton was rushing the sending of sew
crsI hundred "Re.ls'' out of the coun-
Try. Word was sent to the immigra-
Aioh NNiiilitltttt AtidN Niit UbN4ts AIN
carrying Alexander Berkman, Emma
Goldman and many other R0s han
anarchists. will weigh anchor at Ellis
Island during the night. Represent
tive Siegel. New York. made the an
nouncement that 20 radicals would
be sent out on ships leaving during
the next forty-eight hours. and his
statement that this action was a real
Christmas gift" to the American
people was greeted with applause.
Action Not Contested.
There Was no movement OF any
kind IN the House TO make loss dras-
ii" the deportation amendments.
More Than a dozen speakers declared
that the time has come for the gov
eminent to rid the country OF this
CONFINED on FACE FOUR.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
AGAINST XMAS FIRES
is ISSUED BYD. COMPARTMENT

terial. Use metallic tinsel and other
non-infiammable decorations only. and
set the tree securely so that the chill
dren in reaching for things cannot tin
it over.
DO not Use cotton 10 represent
snow. If you must have snow use
powdered mica or asbestos fiber.
do not use candles on the Christ
mas tree. They are the most fire..
quent cause Of Christmas fires.
DO not leave matches within reach
of children at holiday time.
DO not allow trees to remain in
side buildings after the holidays. The
tree itself ignites readily when needles
have become dry. A large number of
fires usually occur in January from
this cause.
"A house OF merriment is better
than q house of mourning"
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
FARMERS LEVEL
FIRE ON PALMER
Declare Settlement With
Packers Sweeping De-
feat" for Consumers.

"A sweeping victory for the whole =
sale gioceTs and a sweeping defeat
for the livestock producers. the farm
ers and the consumers of America
This is the characteristic ton placed
by the Farmers National Council. in
a statement issued last night. upon
the recent agreement reached be-
tween the Department of Justice and
latter will withdraw from the manu-
facture and sale of unrelated" prod =
ucts.
The agreement makes more ncces-
sary than ever the enactment OF Ihc
Kenyon-Anderson bill for the protec-
ton Of the farmers. producers iud
nient. and serves notice in unmistak-
able terms upon the American people
that parties guilty or 6he grossest
forms OF conspiracy in constraint Of
trade and TO establish MONOPOLY. may.
apparently, through agreement with
the Department Of Justice. secure I'M
munity for their actions"
Further. it is asserted. the decree
permits the packers. Through holding
companies. 10 continue their exploi.a-
ton of the people"
The statement reads in part.
The decree issued by tho Depart
ment Of Justice serves notice in IN
mistakabie terms upon the American
people that parties guilty of the
Grossest forms of conspiracy in re-
straint OF trade. and to stabliSh
monopoly may apparently. through
agreement with the Department of
Justice. secure immunity for their
actions. Another equally striking
feature about the decree is that I'M
der it the packers may through hold
ing companies continue their cx-
quotations Of the people.
Volume IL OF the Federal TRADE
Commission report on the meat
packing industry shows conclusiveIy
CONTINUED ON PAGE FOUR
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
WILSON Names
BOARD TO FIX
PRICE OF COAL
Public, Miners and Opera
tors Are Represented on
New Commission.
MINE OWNERS FESTIVE
Shy at Being Bound by De-
cision Of Body They Do
Not Recognize.

President Wilson last night an
nounced the personnel of the coal COM
mission. Its members will be Henry
NJ. Robinson. of Pasadena. Cal. the
representative Of the public: John p
White. former president OF the United
Mine Workers of America. for the
miners. and Rembrandt Peale. a
Pennsylvania operator. as the repre-
sentative Of the operators
AS soon as the acceptances Of the
three men are received at the White
House the President will call an early
meeting OF the commission so that the
members may be able to lay out plans
for their work
In a long letter to the three pro-
spective commissioners. the President
reviews the entire history Of the re-
cent coal crisis and the incidents that
led up to it. He provides that what
ever decisions the commission may
reach on any OF the subjects that come
within its jurisdiction must be as the
result of unanimous action.
Wants Unanimous Action.
IF readjustment Of the prices Of
coal shall be found necessary" says
the President. II shall be pleased TO
transfer to the commission. subject to
its unanimous action. the powers here
tofore vested in the Fuel Administra-
tor for that purpose"
For the benefit of the members OF
tlH commission the President en-
closed in his letter a memorandum
CONTINUED on PAGE -FOUR
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Danced With Officers
{ For Husbands Promotion

Pittsburg. Dec. 20.-Alleging she
was urged by her husband to sub
nit to indignities at the hands OF
offcers in order that her husband
might be promoted from a private
at Camp Lee. Va, Mrs. Verna Tolley
Heron has brought suit for di-
vorce against Eugene O'Neill Her
ron. both socially prominent here.
The wife AYERS her husband So
licited her to attend dances with
officers that he might gain favor
and secure a commission.
In his statement, Heron denies
the allegations and accuses his wife
of infidelity.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Airplanes Fail
To Annoy Ducks

Airplanes do not bother wild
ducks. the Army Air Service
declared yesterday and sports
men, who believe they do are
unduly alarmed.
Lieut.. Col. II. NJ. Hickam.
when in command Of Dorr anG
Carlstrom fields. flew twice
day for period OF several
months over a swamp that wa.
the feeding place of wild ducks.
and in order to flush the fowl il
was necessary for him to pilot
his plane within so or 100 feet
Of the surface. But when he
would take off the ducks would
Immediately return to the
swamp.
AS an instance of the effect
of airplanes on wild ducks the
colonel on several occasions at
tempted TO herd a flock of teal
numbering about 500 over
blind. He chased the flock a
half hour without success.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Liquor Racing to Ports
For Shipment from U. S.

New York. Dec. 2O.-Oceans Of
booz" are threatened with being
on the last call for export Jsnu-
airy l6.
Millions of gallons Of wines and
hard stun" are awaiting passage
to damper climates hut although the
exodus has been on for several
months. shippers said today that
cargo space j. too limited to carry
away any great percentage Of the
home supply
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21

Loss OF valuable teacher material
from the public school system u the
District of Columbia. a direct result
OF the low salaries paid. is a probiem
which is facing the heads Of the local
system and is plainly causing them
much woIry.
Teachers have been going out in
what is looked upon as alarming num-
hers. Salaries paid teachers here
make it impossible for many OF these
men and women to support them
selves in the fact of the high cost
of living. School officials admit that
they cannot keep teachers. They
are men and women trained for this
profession. who desire TO keep il ub
AZ a hfe's work. hut absolutely cannot
d, il on the small salaries paia.
Aside from the resignation of
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
LODGE BLOCKS
MOVE TO NAME
PACT CONFERES
Republican Senate Leader
Disregards christmas
Spirit" Plea.
KNOX PLAN REPORTED
Alabama Scion Makes Un-
expected Proposal on Eve
OfHoliday Recess.

Senator Lodge. Republican leader.
last night blocked an effort by Sena-
tor Underwood, Alabama, to have the
Senate create an official committee
on treaty compromise. In spite of an
appeal by Underwood ito let the
Christmas spirit prevail Lodge re-
fused TO permit consideration of I'm
derwood's resolution for appointment
by Vice President Marshall Of a con-
committee OF ten.
Underwood made his peace move
Unexpectedly soon after Senator Knox.
Pennsylvania. had presented to the
Senate a favorable report from the
Foreign Relations Committee on mis-
resolution declaring the war at an
end. Knox made no effort to pass his
resolution which was approved earlier
in the day by the committee. hut
asked that it 90 to the calendar. HIS
purpose is to call it up soon after tEe
holiday recess.
Could Work Out solution.
In appealing to Senators Lodge
and Hitchcock. the party leaders
TO join with him in support of his
resolution. Underwood said:
Il think il the Senate would
pause now and adopt this resolu-
ton that by the time we meet in
January a position probably would
be worked out On which the con-
tending forces could get together
Year by acclaiming the peace of
the whole word. This resolution
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Send Diplomat to Berlin.

London. Dec. 20.-Lord Kilmar-
mock has been appointed British
charge d'affaires at Berlin, the Post
reported today. He will be Great
Britain's first postwar diplomatic
representative in Berlin. The date
of his departure for Germany has
not been set, according to the news
paper.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
BR|TON FINISHES
HISTORIC FLIGHT
Capt. Ross Smith Completes
London-Melbourne iIO,-
600 Prize Feat.

London. Dec. 3l.-Capt Ross smith
has completed his flight from London
TO Melbourne. according to a message
from that city today He landed
safely at Anthony's Lagoon. the mes
sage said. although the propeller of
his machine was broken in landing.
Capt. Smith reached Port Darwin.
Australia. several days ago Presum-
ably he awaited favorable weather be-
fore resuming his fight to Melbourne.
completed today. He won Gl0.w,
prize offered by the Australian
government for the first flight from
London to Melbourne, as well as
smaller prizes offered by newspapers.
Smith flew Vickers-vimy airplane.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-12-21
Maid Is Murdered As
$4,000 in Gems Vanish

New York. Dec. D.-The body of
Catherine Dunn. Il, a maid employed
in the home of c. 5. Clark. was found
day. The girls head had been
crushed. 1t was believed she was
beaten to death by burglars who ram
sacked the house.
Neither Mr.. or Mrs. Clark were at
home. When Mrs. Clark returned she
told the police jewelry valued at
5000 had been stolen.