The evening Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1918-1920, 1919-08-11
ANDREW CARNEGIE
PHILANTHROPIST
DIES this MORNING
End Came Suddenly After
Three Days Illness of
Bronchial Pneumonia

Lenox, Mass, Aug. 11-Andrew
Carnegie, died this morning at zoo
o'clock. He had been i'll only three
days with bronchial pneumonia and
his death was so sudden that his
daughter, Mrs. Roswell Miller, was
unable to reach her fathers bedside
before he died His wife and private
secretary were with him when the end
came.
Mr. Carnegie had spent the sum-
mer at Skibo Castle in Dumferline,
Scotland. He is survived by his wife,
who was Miss Louie Whitefield of
New York, and his daughter, Mar
garet, who married last April Ensign
Miller. He was. in his Saith year and
had been an invalid since 1917 when
he had severe attack of grip. He
had been so long identified with the
international peace movement that
Mr.. Carnegie, it is said, was more
severely affected by the world than
most any other man.
Andrew Carnegie, an American
manufacturer and philanthropist, was
born in Dunfermline, Fifeshirc, Scot
land. He came to the United States
in 184S and worked as a weaver's
assistant in a cotton factory at AL
legheny, Pa, for little more thaR
one dollar a week. At the age of Ia
he became messenger boy in the
Pittsburgh office of the Ohio Tele-
graph company. He soon learned
telegraphy, entered the service of the
Pennsylvania railroad, and receieved
a position as a telegraph operator.
He advanced by successive promotion
until he was superintendent of the
Pittsburgh division. His interest in
the organization of the Woodruff
sleeping car company laid the found
alton of his fortune, and careful IN
vestments in oil lands near OIL City,
Pa, increased his means
During the Civil war he rendered
valuable services to the, War De-
partment as superintendent of mill
tary railroads and government telc-
graph lines in the East. After the
war he entered actively into the de-
velopment of ironworks of various
kinds, and established at Pittsburgh
the keystone Bridge works and the
Union Iron works. In 1868 he intro
duced into this country the Bessemer
process of making steel. In 1888 he
was the principal owner of the Home
stead Steel works and had control
ling interest in seven other large
steel plants. His interests were con-
solidated in 1899 in the Carnegie
Steel company, which was merged in
to the United States Steel corpora
ton in 1901, when he retired from
business with a fortune exceeded
only by that of John D. Rockefeller.
His benefactions have exceeded in
amount those of any other American
and in one year he disbursed over
$780, 100000. His establishment of
Libraries in this country and Great
Britain was almost passion and
there is hardly a city of any size in
any part of this country that cannot
boast of a Carnegie library. Burling-
ton and Bellows Falls in our own
state are two places thus fortunately
honored. st. Johnsbury also shared
in his benefactions in a large contri-
button to the organ in the Church of
the Messiah.
FNho Corr,no,,O Tnc 4yfo of
logy at Pittsburg and the Carnegie
Institution at Washington were both
founded with endowments of $4,000
600 each and each institution has re-
ceived much more since. Many col
leges in this country have received
large gifts and his total benefactions
exceed $300,O00,00O. One-ffth of
this amount was given for establish
ing 5000 municipal libraries in this
country and Great Britain. The Car
negie Hero fund Commission was
founded in 1904 with an endowment
of $5,000,000 and has been one his
famous sidelines of philanthropy.
For Great Britain he established a
Hero fund in 1908.
He built palace of Peace for the
International court of Arbitration at
The Hague, besides creating in 1910
the $10,000,000 Carnegie endowment
for International Peace. He built
home for the International Bureau of
American Republics in Washington,
of which John Barrett, the we'll
known Vermonter, is at the head. He
also contributed to the hero fund of
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