The labor world., 1919-09-13
What Is the League Of Nations? (?
Catechism OF Fifty Questions and Answers Defining the
Purpose Functions and Powers of Proposed Agreement

7 to war, if the rest of the civilized
! world has unanimously expressed an
! opinion. through the league, against
! the Justice of its cause. Cart. XII and
Arbitration and Inquiry.
| ~. What is the method Of dealing
with disputes between nations? A. 1t
| IS agreed that if disputes should arise
! between nations. which can not be ad-
justed by diplomacy, these nations will
! not go to war without submitting the
| dispute either to arbitration, or to in
F., curry by the council. and not then
until three months after the award by
the .arbitrators or the recommendation
by. the council. Cart. XII and KILL
! "a. Q: Is there any distinction be-
| tween disputes as to whether. they. are
suitab pie or unsuitable for arbitration:
putting nations shall recognize that i
dispute is suitable for submission to
arbitration, they will then proceed to
which is not so recognized. and there
| tore is not submitted to arbitration.
| it is agreed that the whole subject
shall pc referred to- the council to in
cause. Cart XII, Art. XIII and Art.
XVI
25. @. Does the constitution of the
league specify certain disputes as gen.
! Yes; as follows: "Disputes as to the
| question of international law; as to
! the existence Of any fact, which. #
established, would constitute breach
| Of any internatio obligations; Or as
| 10 the extent and nature of the repara-
(Art. xiii -'' any '0'' " '10N
1nitted to arbitration? A. BY refer
ence to the permanent court of inter-
! national Justice. to be esta blished by
! the league, or in accordance with any
-Se+i %,r@, !
| Of arbitration, of which the United
States has many Cart. NH and Art.
XIV
q. @. What course is to be pur-
putes, not submitted to arbitration?
| a. An inquiry into the merits of the
/ disputes is conducted by the council.
! followed by recommendations which
! the council thinks just and proper for
; the settlement Of the dispute, which
recommendations must be made within
six months after the submission of
the controversy. Cart. MI and Art
Action of the Council Upon Submission
IS; Q. When dispute is submitted
TO the council for inquiry, what Is the
procedure? A: Following g the submis-
sion Of all relevant: facts and papers,
! the council shall endeavor to settle the
dispute by any available process Of
settlement can be secured. the council
shall make ana publish report as TO
! the facts. with recommendations as TO
just and proper settlement. Cart.
20. @. How may this action be
90. 8. What obligation is Imposed
upon parties to the dispute with re-
spect to. unanimous findings of the
parties affected will not go to war
with any party to the dispute which
| complies with the recommending tions of
thes unanim9us m9us report report lArt: Xv;)
in the event of failure of the coun
Gil to reach unanimous conclusions?
| 4. BY the terms of the constitution,
F., the members of the league reserve to
action in the premises. as they shall
consider necessary for the maintenance
OF right and justice: Cart. XVI
q, 81 Go% msv to the dAnnfss Assf%''I
fcrred to the assembly? A. BY action
OF the council, OF upon the request Of
either party to the dispute. if. such
! request shall be made within IA days
! the council. Cart. XV)
! 50. G. What is the procedure with
respect to disputes referred to the
| assembly? A. All provisions relating
to the action and powers of the coun-
! to the action and powers Of the assem-
My. provided tina a report made by
:oc assembly when eoneurred in by
- represented in the council, and
=: majority of the other members Of
'7e league, exclusive '0f the parties to
; IL" dispute. shall have the same force
f: - an unanimous report of the coun-
j Domestic Questions.
! "a. Q. What action is required Of
! concern? A. If a dispute is claimed
! by one of the parties to arise out of
matter which by International law
is solely within the domestic juris-
! diction of that party, and the COUNCIL
: settlement shall be made: aArt XVI
; Enforcement of Findings.
; 80. @. What is the attitude of the
: nation which refuses to accept SET
! tlement by arbitration or the recon-
! mendations of the league? a. 1t shall
! be deemed to have committed an act Of
: the league. Cart. XVII
! Sc. O. What action is then taken by
! the league? A. All trade Or financial
! relations are severed between the mem
nation. All Intercourse between the
! citizens of members of the league, and
! the citizens of the offending state. is
prohibited and steps shall be taken by
, TIE IieiHDeIS VI lne lcdS uc 10 prevent
: financial, commercial or personal inter-
course between the offending nation
; and the rest Of the world Cart. XVE)
=: 81. @. What provision is made for
; the use of force against any state
which should resort to war in viola
tion of it's obligation as a member of
the league? A. The council shall rec
ommend what effective force the men,
bers of the league shall seVerally con-
tribute to the armed force of the ma
: tions in proceeding against the state
violating its agreement. Therefore
each member state acting in its own
SOY e9ignty, according to it's consti-
tuition and laws, would take steps to
(Art: XVII
Position Of the United States.
IS. G. What would be the position
of the United States in such a con-
tlngency? A. The representatives Of
the United States in the council would
first pass upon the merits of the dis
putc. and if they withheld their ap-
proval Of the recommendation of the
council, it would not be binding upon
any nation affected by the dispute. II
the United States agreed to the find
ing, when one or both of the parties
to the dispute resorted to war in vio-
laton of their obligations under the
league constitution such nations would
be committing an act of war against
the United States and all the other
members of the league. The entire
subject would then be submitted to
congress by the President for appro-
pirate action in accordance with the