davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16

pie was the daylight saving act which
became effective March 81. On that
date all clocks in the country were
turned forward one hour. They were
turned back on October 81.
On May 81 Director General McAdoO
issued an order raising railroad freight
and passenger rates from 20 to 25 per
cent to meet higher costs of operations
resulting largely from increases in
wages aggregating approximately $780,
100000 annually granted to railroad
employees.
Government control of the railroads
was followed during this year by gov
eminent control Of all telegraph and
telephone lines. Congress on July Ii
authorized the president to take con-
troll of the wires and the government
assumed control on July 81. On No
vember II, the government also took
control of all Atlantic cable lines.
The first general election since the
United States entered the war was
held on November 5. The Republicans
won both houses of congress, the sen
ate by majority of two and the
house by margin of more than forty
One of the most impressive war
measures adopted by congress was the
man-power bill, placing the draft age
at from eighteen to forty-five years
The measure was introduced on AL
gust 5, was passed quickly by both
houses and was signed by President
Wilson on August 81. On September
IL nearly 100000 Americans regis.
tered for military service under the
new law.
In connection with the working OF
the draft machinery Provost Marshal
General Crowder issued his famous
"work or fight" order on May %. This
required every registrant to be en-
gagged in some useful occupation by
July / or be indicted Immediately in
to the military service.
During September, October and No
vember the entire country was swept
by serious epidemic of Spanish In
fluenza. Thousands Of soldiers in the
army camps and other thousands OF
civilians succumbed thereto and to
pneumonia. #n
The country was surprised on No
vember % by the resignation Of Will
liam g. McAdoo as secretary of the
treasury and director general of the
railroads. Representative Carter Glass
of Virginia was named to succeed Mr..
McAdoo as secretary Of the treasury
December 5.
On November % Governor Stephens
of California committed to life impris-
onment the death sentence of Thomas
J.. Mooney, convicted in connection
with the death of ten persons from a
bomb explosion In San Francisco DUR
ing a preparedness parade July %,
1915.
Plans for making the United States
navy second to that Of no other coun-
try for 1925 were disclosed to congress
by Rear Admiral Badger, chairman OF
the executive committee of the general
board Of the navy December II.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
DOMESTIC AFFAIRS

Practically every phase of American
life felt the dominating influence of
war throughout the year 1913.
In tina field Of national legislation
woman'g suffrage and nationwide pro-
hibition were urged as war measures.
The woman's suffrage amendment
was defeated in the senate October 1,
after having passed the house. A
nationwide prohibition measure, to
become effective June 80, 1919, was
enacted by congress and approved by
the president November ~. On Sep
TENDER 6 President Wilson. had or
dered the manufacture OF malt liquor
stopped on December !, as food
conservation measure.
The government, early In the year,
began to tighten it's control over indus
try and business for the purpose OF
furthering war efforts and protecting
the public. On January 16, to relieve a
serious coal shortage which threatened
to delay the shipment of war supplies
to France, Fuel Administrator Garfield
ordered a general shutdown OF indus
try and business in all states east of
the Mississippi river for period of
FIVE days and ten succeeding Mondays,
On February 13 the order for heatless
Mondays was rescinded.
Congress increased the safeguards
thrown about war industries by pass
ing the sabotage" bill, carrying pen
alties of $4,000 fine and 80 years I'M
prisonment for destruction OF war ma
terials or interference with war INDUS
tries. President Wilson signed this
measure on April 90 The government
also prosecuted vigorously many per-
sons accused of violation of the espion-
age act. On August II, 100 members
of the I. w. w. were convicted OF dis
loyalty in the federal court at chicago,
after a trial lasting several months.
Another war measure adopted by
congress which affected the whole peo-
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
NEUROLOGY

Death took heavy toll among men
and women prominent in public life
during the year 1918. The list in
cludes the following:
January Is, United States Senator
James FL. Brady of Idaho; January IA,
Mai. A. P. Gardner, former congress
man from Massachusetts, who re-
signed to enter the army; January 30,
United States Senator William Hughes
Of New Jersey.
February 2, John L. Sullivan, former
heavyweight champion, at West Abing-
ton, Mass. February 10. Abdul Hamid.
former sultan of Turkey; February
IA. Sir Cecil Spring-Rice. former Brit
ish ambassador to America.
March 8, John Redmond. Irish Ma
tionalist leader, at London; March 8,
George Won L. Meyer, former cabinet
member and diplomat, at Boston.
April IL, United States Senator
r. f. Broussard of Louisiana; April IA,
United States Senator William Joel
Stone of Missouri.
NAV IA, James Gordon Bennett, pro-
prietor of the New York Herald, at
Paris.
June 8, Ramon M. Valdez. president
Of Panama; June 4, Charles Warren
Fairbanks, former vice president, at
Indianapolis.
July 8, Mohammed v. sultan of Tur-
sav. ViscOunt Rhondda, British food
controller, and United States Senator
BENJAMIN r. Tillman of South Caro-
lima; July q, Gustav Kobbe, American
author and critic.
August 8, Max Rosenthal, famous
artist, at Philadelphia; August II,
Anna Held, famous actress, at New
York: August IL, United States Sena-
tor Jacob III. Gallinger of New Hamp-
shire; August %, United States Sena-
tor Ollie M. James Of Kentucky.
September II, Cardinal John M. Far.
lev. archbishop of New York; Septem
Der 25, John Ireland, Catholic arch
bishop of st. Paul.
October %, Charles LecocQ, French
composer.
November A, Mrs. Russell Sage, Wild
sow of famous financier, at New York |;
DIR. Andrew White. noted educator and
diplomat; November 8. Robert j. Col
lier, editor and publisher; November
Is. Gen. FL. @. King, soldier and au-
thor, in New York; November 10, DR..
G. r. Van Hise, president Of University
of wisconsin; Joseph #. Smith, presi-
dent of Mormon church.
December 2. Edmond Rostand, IA
NOUS French playwright and poet.
Copyright, 1918. by Mcclure Newspaper
Syndicats)
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
ey DONALD r. RIGGs.

More history has been made in the
gear 1918 than in any year that mas
passed since time began. This mo-
mentous twelve months period comes
to close with the world at peace al
ter more than four years of the most
Sanguinary fighting of this or any
other age.
During the year great nations nave
crumbled, new nations have sprung
Into being, thrones have tottered and
fallen, monarchs who once ruled hun
dreds of millions of people with an
iron hand have fed for their lives or
have fallen victim to the wrath of peo-
pies intoxicated by their new-won
freedom.
The coming of peace finds America
and her allies strong and fully able
to meet the responsibilities that come
with victory. On the other hand 1t
finds the nations responsible for the
world cataclysm exhausted and torn
by civil disorders that are born OF de-
feat 1t finds the once great empire OF
Austria Hungary in ruins from which
there are already rising new free ma
tons. 1t finds the German empire dis
rupted and threatened with dissolu-
ton.
The end of the war finds Russia in
the throes of civil war. The world gets
only fragments of news regarding the
real situation in the land of the former
czar, but these fragments have told a
terrible story of anarchy and class
strife In which thousands of persons
have persisted, slain in bloody riots or
ruthlessly executed by the bolshevik
leaders who control large part of the
once great empire. Peace finds the
menace of autocratic militarism sup
planted by the menace of bolshevism,
which is attempting to extend its an
archistic propaganda throughout the
world.
But, amid all the uncertainties that
peace has brought, the world rejoices
that the last citadel of autocracy has
been swept away before the rising tide
of democracy, giving assurance that
the millions who died upon the field of
battle did not die in vain. Brighter
days for all mankind have dawned
with the passing of the year 1913.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
cecil Rhodes, Dream Realized.

The early completion of a tunnel un-
der the Straits Of Gibraltar, which, In
connection with the tunnel from Dover
to Calais, will practically complete an
all-rail connection between Cape Town
and London, will more than realize the
dream of Cecil Rhodes of Cape-to-
Cairo railroad. The necessary links
along the Barbary coast will be simple
matters when the intervening waters
have been spanned. England is taking
hold of the Gibraltar tunnel in a way
that means the success of that gigan.
tic enterprise.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
Reinsurance.

"There isn't room enough in this flat
to turn around in" a
swat till you have lived at our cafe
awhile" said the landlord. cheerily.
Then you'll find You won't take I'D 20
much space
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
Mo Cause for Complaint

"Say, Boggs, don't want you to
throw all your old cans and shoes and
junk in my yard"
"You haven't got 'em all, Judd.
divided 'em equally with our neigh.
bors on the other side"
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16

agreement was adhered 70 Dy both en-
ployers and employees and compare
lively few strikes occurred during the
remainder Of the year.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16
REVIEW Of YEAR THAT BROUGHT PEACE
To WORLD AFTER FOUR YEARS Of WAR

Germany and Her Allies Are Crushed and Forced to Accept Such
Terms as Winners Dcate-United States Supplies Power
That Turns Tide-President Wilson Joins Other Demo-
cratic Rulers of World in Great Peace Congress at
versaiIes-Old Nations Crumb|e and New Ones
Are Formed-Russia Torn by Disorders.
The Washburn times. [volume] (Washburn, Wis.) 1896-1976, 1919-01-16

On October II the Germans were driv-
en- from Ostend and Bruges and the
British occupied Lille. The whole
west front was in motion, The allies
swept eastward through Belgium and
through the industrial regions OF
France.
On October 20 it was announced that
Americas fourth Liberty loan of So
OOO,OOOOOO, the greatest popular loan
ever fioated, had been oversubscribed
by nearly billion dollars.
Chancellor Max, on October 81, sent
another peace. note to President Will
son, denying the charges that the Ger
mans had been guilty of atrocities on
land and sea, and again giving assur-
ances that the new government repre-
sented the people of Germany. Presi-
dent Wilson replied two days later,
agreeing TO transmit the request for
an armistice to the allies. al
italians Rout Austrians.
AS this note was delivered the allies
were smashing the Germans at all
points on the western front and on
October "a the Italians launched a
great offensive against the Austrians
on the Piave front, who within few
days were in headiong flight with the
Italians in pursuit. The Americans
continued to smash the Germans in vi
cious attacks west of the Mouse.
The month of November opened with
the German armies facing utter rout,
the armies of her allies completely
shattered and the end in sight. Tur-
key surrendered Internationally to the
British and the Austrians begged for
an armistice, while their armies were
in full flight. The allied war council
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
SELMA

Selma, September Io-(Special. 1.-The city council, after hearing the applica- tion of the Alabama Power company, asking for a 30-year franchise, deferred action until Tuesday night of next week. when the matter will be taken up again.
 Col R. A. Mitchell, director of the Alabama Power company, appeared be- fore the council at it's meeting and explained the arrangements which must be made preliminary to the construction ot the company's lines into this city. He said it was not possible for the company to go to New York and secure the neces- sary financial accommodations on a short-time franchise, that it would re- ouire an outlay of something like s4o0,O0, to construct the lines of the plant into this city, and that the money had to be secured on bonds that would run for a longer period than b years, the time the present franchise will expire.
 Embodied in the franchise which the city council will be asked to pass, grant ing the 3o-year franchise, is the sched- ule of rates which will become oper- ative just as soon as the lnes are built and connections set up. These rates provide for 10 cents per kilowatt hour for the first POO hours. with discount Of 10 per- cent, making net rate of cents. The present rate is F cents. The re- duction would run something like 25 to 30 per cent as compared with the pres ent contract under which the city is operating. These rates are the same as those in effect in the g other towns now served by the Alabama Power com- pany.
 The power rate also would rule ma- terially lower than present schedules, especially to large users. This rate would take wide range and would mean vast ly cheaper power for all kinds of in- dustrial enterprises. Colonel Mitchell explained that Gadsden had been con- verted into an industrial city by means of the cheap power supplied by his com pany, and he saw no reason to believe that a like impetus would not be given to the industrial development of Selma. Passage of the ordinance was held up by the council in order that fuller time might be taken for consideration.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
LOWER HOG PRICES CAUSED CORN ID WEAKEN SLIGHTLY Thousands of Hogs Re mained UnsOld on the
 Chicago Market at
 Close of Day
By Associatea Press


 Chicago. September 10.-Big setbacks in the price of hogs had weakening ef- feet today on the corn market. Rallies which took place failed to last. The close was heavy, AQ2c net lower, with September s1.59%@1.6o and December s1. .2S@1. .2s14. Oats lost AG11sc. In pro- tvisions the outcome ranged from PC de- Kline to 35c advance.
 With thousands of hogs unsold at the stock yards here and prices for the anil mals down to $14 hundredweight, nearly g drop within a fortnight, it was vir- tually inevitable that the corn market also should give way. Increased arriv- als of hogs were due largely to talk of a possible strike of stock yard and pack ing house employees. At the same time packers demand for hogs was dimin- ished more or less by falling off in ex- port business and by abnormal condl- tions of foreign exchange.
 Considerable purchasing of corn, how ever developed on the ground that all bearish factors had been more than dis counted.
 Nevertheless, depression recurred again toward the last, influenced mainly by continued anxiety about the hog mar ket and by growing tension in regard to chances of strike in the steel indus try. Oats we're governed by the action of corn.
 Provisions reflected the weakness ot hogs and grain, but some upturns en- sued as a result of better cash in- auiry.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11

one to it's significance. We have strike
 mostly of high paid artists. The really oppressed persons of the theatre, the
 chorus and supernumeraries, joined later
 out of sympathy. The walkout was less for specific grievances than on the old issue of recognition of the union. The
 actors are merly doing on a conspicuous scale what other wage-earning intel lectuals had begun to do. The News Writers of Boston are unionized, and without strike have secured higher pay. Certain college faculties have allied themselves with the American Federa- ton of Labor. When pay falls to the hardship level, considerations of gen. tility dwindle to the vanishing point and justly so. Artist and artisan, re- porter and iron worker, professor and coal miner are not so different in the face of short rations Even the Authors league has come near to being trans mogrihed into a union. If intellectual
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11

the next village, and the day after we heard where we could get hold of some insulated wire-cutters through a secret service agent. Tilly and I decided that, as Andy had taken electrical engineer ing at Cornell, it was up to him to cut the electric wire, and, after some argu- ing, Andy consented
 '"rhe wire-cutters we obtained, al- though they had rubber handles, did not look as if they would keep out 5000 volts, so we got some rubber gloves also. We were shown the best place to cross and on the night of October 23 we walked up to within 150 yards of the border. Hear we could hear the sentinels calling to one an other. Down we got on our stomachs and erawled and it took us three hours to reach within 40 meters of the fences. The moon was almost full. We were sopping wet, cold. and very hungry.
 "Within 40 meters of the fences the brush had been cut away, leaving an open stretch between us and the fences. The sentinels beats were about est had passed us and was about 100 yards away we made a break for the fences.
 I've climbed through the first; then Andy got busy with his cutters-snapl snay snapl-and the three lower strands of thI electrical fence were severed. The sparks flew in every di- rection and frightened us to death, but we carefully crawled under.
 AS soon as the wires were cut the lights on top of the fence went out, showing the current was broken. do not know how we got through the third fence; the barbed wires cut and scratched us tearing our clothes tc ribbons, but we got through and Tar | on and on across the half-mile neutra l land between the countries till swamp stopped us. two miles away The German sentinel started yelling when we cut the fence, Halti Halt! and fired We did not answer, but rar like h. to Holland
 "The villagers gathered around and gave US a warm welcome, collecting g money to pay our way to Rotterdam"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Escane Into Holland

Writing in, Harper's Magazine Lieut. John o. Donaldson, the American avia- tor, tells of his capture and his re- markable escape from his German cap tors, through Belgium and past the electrically charged wire barrier into Holland
 "We reached sluis, which is about seven kilometers from Holland, but had a hard time getting a place to say, and finally went to the priest of the vil- lage; he took us in, fed us, and let us sleep in the church. The people told
 us it was impossible to cross the bor-
 der here. and that only two weeks he fore Belgian was shot for smuggling mail into the country, and that all
 other men in the employ of the Belgian
 government who could help Us with wire cutters, etc, had gone.
 We were highly disgusted, for ii was a problem how, with bare hands we were to get through an electric fence which had from 5000 to 5000 volts running through it. The wite extended two feet underground, 50 we couldn't dig under; however, we were told by the priest that at Lommel we might get somebody to help us, and next
 morning he himself escorted us part of the way.
 I've went to a house and knocked | Belgian came to the door. We asked l him if he could speak English. He said Yes but would not talk much. We
 were in civilian clothes given us by | the countess in Brussels, and the Bel. g1ans could not know whether we were Germans or not. After 15 minutes | talking on our side he was convinced | that we were Americans. and said he {, had been in the good old U. s. A. fol 1 four years. and while there he saved 1 enough to build the house he was liv' i ing in. It was quite a big house as | Belgian houses go.
 He gave us food and said he woulc | look for somebody who could get us wire-cutters, and in the meanwhile we could sleep in the woods near by ant he would bring us food.
 i "Aftar thrers cayS the Huns went tt
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Iiyernool Cotton

Liverpool, September 10--Cotton, spot Tn good demand: prices easy: good middling IS 80; fully middling. 18.30; middling, 177e; low middling. 1885; good ordinary, 14.2o. ordinary, 1867: sales 5000 bales: includ- ing 5.50o American. Receipts 27,00o bales including 19,30O American. Futures closed barely steady: September, 17.s5: October, 1796; January, 1902; March, 17.9o; May 17S1; July. 17.69
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Money Market

New York, September 10-Mercantlie pa per, 5A@1s; sterling 50 days bills, 4.l2i commercial 60 day bills on banks, 4ll% commercial 60 day bills, A111a. demand 4.15Z; cables. 4.16E; francs. demand s.sS' cables, S.S6 guilders demand, S71a; cables S77s lire demand 9:70; cables. 9.6S; marks demand, 1-16: cables, A.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Chicago Futures p., A-~ni.%aa orses
Cash Grain Rv AssocIatee Press

Chicago, September 1o.-Corn. No. ? mixed, s16S@1.eSla No. yellow, so4a' 165. Oats, No. white 72@7Sc; No. 5 white, 7od72c Rye, No. ?, $1.4412 Bar ley s1.25@14. Timothy. sS.50d1l Clo- yer nominal Pork nominal Lard, $24.10. Ribs nominal.
 St. Louis, September 1o-Corn, No. 2, s1.e7. Oats, No. S 70c: No. 3 white, 729 721sc. Corn, September, s161s4dl. 6S7s; December, s1.297sa1 .317s. Oats, Septem- Der, 70@71c; December, T4iac.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Live Stock

 Chicago September & Hogs, receipts 17.OO0; estimated tomos 'es. 2SoOO; closing weak; SIPS lower thaA ,s1 terday's aver age. Heavy, 1575917.7y, ..sedium, 16.7oG 1900; light 17.5061S25: light, light. l7.ooW 1900: heavy packing sows, smooth. l4.5oW 15.25: packing sows, rough, l4.oo@l45o; pigs, 165oG1S25.
 Cattle receipts, 12,0o0; estimated tomor row. 13,000 lower; heavy beef steers, med ium and heavy weight. choice and prime. sl5. .75@17. 50; medium and good, Nl.ooa 15.5o. common S.75Gf11.0O; light weight, good and choice, 13.75@17.75; common and medium, S:5d013.5o butcher cattle heifers, S.25m1S. 50; cows 6.25@13.50: canners ana E. .5OG6. .25; veal calves, light and handy weight, 1e. 75@21 .25: feeder steers. 6.25glo-W; western range beef steers S.OO@lo.50; cows and heifers 6.25d12.5o.
 Sheep receipts 32,o00; estimated tomor. TOW s5.O0o: genersuv steady lambs S4 hounds down 14Oo@1e.25; culls and com mon. s.506l375; yearling wether, io.o0 1250: ewes. medium, good and cnoice' N. .25GS75; culls and common, 2.250b:7o SsSt. Louis, September 10- Hogs, receipts ii .0oo lower, bulk 17.2561775; medium 1700a1so0 pigs 1425@170O
 Cattle, receipts 7.700 steady to lower, beef steers. medium and heavy, medium and good weight. 11.0od16.75; veal calves K 25G21o0: stocker steers 700d10.25
 Sheep, receipts 4oOo; steady; lambs 12.5OG15.B.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Naval Stores h., Aseneiased RreSS
Savanna

Savannah, Ga, September lU-Iur- pentine steady, sl.55s4; sales 16o; receipts seo: shipments sl; stock s4Os- Rosin firm sales Ss9; receipts 1Oo4; shipments l2o2; stock 44,sSs. Quote: B. s160o; D, sl6.I5' E. s1e.so; F, a7.15; G, s17.5o; H, a1.9o; l, s19; K, s20O5: NJ. $2o.So; NJ. s2iSo; VIC, s22 30: wv, s2305.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Potato Market

Chicago, H., September 10-Potatoes steady arrivals, 54 cars; Minnesota early Chios, sacked and bulk, field run. car lots. 3e063. 20 cwt Maine cobblers. sacked partly graded car lots, $40 ewt
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Produce Mark ct.

BY Associated Press 7 Chicago, September 1o.-Butter lower; freamery, 471aG55c. Eggs higher; receipts, ,25S cases; firsts. 4S1sd441Ac. Poultry ygher: alive. springs, 2S1Ac; fowls, 26@
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11
Celebrate in New Orleans

New Orleans, September 10-Cotton ex- change closed; Pershng day in New York
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-09-11

workers arc to be unionized, as seems
 likely, they would do we'll to study their