Evening star., 1919-03-11
Gernany's New Frontiers.

and to the world for a century t
Germany's New Frontiers.
Most important of all the various
departments of what will be the peace
of Versailles is the decision with re-
spect to Germany. This decision as to
the frontiers is as follows:
Germany will hereafter stop at the
Rhine and at the old western frontier
of Poland preceding the first partition
of 1772. In addition, Germany will
lose the Danish-speaking populations
of Schleswig and the Polish speaking
populations of upper Silesia. BY con-
trast she will probably acquire the
purely German regions Of Austria, the
oid provinces which wers victims of
the Hapsburg empire when it began
its process of expansion many CEN
turtles ago.
Hun Losses and Gains.
Expressed in statistics, Germany
will lose between $1,000 and 10000
Squire miles pf territory, with . pop-
ulasa0n OF besweenSfs. .eossoeo and 1x.-
eee.oee. and viii acquire between zo.-
eco and Saefpe square miles with .
population Of 1000. .0e2.
This ne2Is that Germany will in
any event, suffer q net loss Of 10000
square miles OF territory and upward
of 100000 of people. Instead OF
zlz,000 square miles. her area before
the war. which was slightly in excess
Of that Of France, she will have about
SgW rnf a nd oc nf
. populafien OF 81. .ooe. coo q population
of 50. .60e, 900. 8
Conceivahiy the Rhenish republic
which ia to be created on the left
bank of the Rhine may ultimately re-
turn to Germany. but even with this
be smaller in area than Spain.
Loss In Miles Does Not Express It.
But the measure Of her loss is not
expressed in square miles. She will
lose the great iron deposits of Lor-
raine and the coal districts of the
SAar outright to France. She will also
tFicts Of upper SiIesia to Poland.
Thus while the reduction of her area
10 comparatively small the reduction
of her Industrial resources is enormous.
Military and Naval Side.
On the military and naval side. Ger
many 10 to be compelled hot only to
abandon her claim to hef war feet.
which has already been furrendered.
bat also to give up certain other ships;
destroy warships which fare building.
destroy all her submarine plants, aud
in addition agree not tf mafntain an
army in excess of os,0ob. Ms contrast
ed with a standing army of nearly
seo.eoe when the war Hroke out.
Rigid provisions are/to be made for
the inspection of German industrial
plants to\ guard against rearmanent.
recreation Vf pabfna rine and aeroplane
heets and NE acevmuiation of poison
gases in considerable amounts.
Sum Total of Hun Binding.
In sun total this means that Germany
having already surrendered most Of her
heavy artillery and now deprived OF
her 6eets and her Instruments OF war
FORBIDDEN to maintain a conscript arrny
pushed behind the Rhine on the west
and the vistula on the east. will be re-
dpJced TO a condition which will make a
new German attack upon the western
world unlikely for at least a quarter of
q century. a,st steps have been taken
70 provide fof the creation OF Rhenish
republic. that when such an attack
comes, II II does. its first fury will be
borne not in the French and Belgian
industrial districts. but in the Germa n !
speaking regions Of the Rhenish repub-
lies
As the congress of Vienna undertook
10 protect Europe against France after
the Napoleonic wars. the congress OF
yerssilles is now seeking to protect
Europe against a new German menace
and its military and territorial guaran-
tees are absolutely OF the most formid-
sble character.
Reparation a Vexed Question.
Clearly defined and still approach.
ing settlement fs the vexed question
of what feparation Germany mus,
make Calculations az to the utmos,
Germany can pay vary as widely as
ten billions for a minimum and forty
Millions as maximum. and have en-.
countered no creditabie witnesses who
believe that Germany will be able to
pay more than twenty billions in any
relatively near future, and even such
payments will have to be stretched
over q period OF years.
In these years, following the prece
dent of the German occupation ot
France in 1870, and thereafter until
payment Of the indemnity. the allied
troops will occupy the left bank ot
the Rhine with the bridgeheads as q
guarantee against payment More.
over, even a better guarantee is the
utter dependence of Germany upor
tne OUTSIDE WorId Tor food supplies
which will leave her completely al
the mercy of the allied blockade.
Hun Ability to Pay.
u 10 . fact little mentioned bu,
widely perceived here that the pay
rn9Ht which Germany can make ever
m the remote future viii hardly cove,
~ cost Of restoring tn devastated
4o09otA Win = esnaller payment 10,
IL dettxyyeA msrchaAt marine Of usl
ante9'ue<9eaS. Ysl he tact - obvi(m1
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