New Britain herald., 1919-03-04
AIRPLANE LANGUAGE UNDERSTOOD BY FEW
Development of Aeronautics Gives
 Rise to Many New Words

RlSe to Many New WOrdS l (By Faye l.. Faurote, Curtiss Aero plane and Motor Corporation The rapid development of aero nautics has given the world a new language.
 In the course of the last few years have delivered many lectures on aviation and it has been my experi- ehcc that except for those who are connected with acronautics or who nave learned how to fly, there is a Woeful lack of knowledge of the sub Ject of aeronautics, it's terms and phrases
 Comparatively few people know the NarlouS types of machines while even the important parts of construction are equally baffling
 There has been developed. during the war period, an enormous quantity of aviation slang" and the lavman ' listening 10 conversation between aNia tors, is totally ignorant of the subject as would be the South Sea 1 Islander in the stock exchange. The A, R, C's of Aeronautics. Aircraft are divided into two gen eral ClasseSt
 Lighter than-air Heavier f han air l Lighter than-air craf 1t includes the | balloon with which everyone is fla
 miliar and the dirigible which is l equipped with a power plant, propel- | Ter and rudder, so that it can be oper- 1 ated by the pilot.
 Dirigibles are divided into three 1 classes-the rigid, semi-rigid and non 1 rigid types. The Zeppelins used by 1 the Germans in English coast raids, ! is an example of the rigid type; the 1 Blimp, used by the British and Amer 1 jeans as submarine detectors, is an l example of the non-rigid type. Airplane is the general name given 1 to all heavier-than- air craft. The fly 1 ing boat and the seaplane are modi- i fed forms of arplanes. the former | being equipped with boat-like hull, 1 while the latter is a sea going air l plano equipped with floats or pom 1 toons.
 Airplanes are classified according to location of the propeller or propellers and also according to wing structure. If the propeller or propellers are located in front of the pilots cockpit, it is known as tractor; if in rear a pusher.
 If the airplanc has one wing. it is known as a monoplane; two wings biplane; three wings, trplane moro than three, multiplane. The principal parts of the airplane are the fuse1age or body. the wings, the motor and the landing gear
  The fuselage is the body of the air plane. It usually carries the. motor. the pilots and passengers seats The elevator and rudder are assem- bled on it's rear, and the wings are Attached to it's sides.
 What Materials Are Used. The inside framework is generally made of wood. supported by steel wires. The longerons, long pieces ex- tending from front 10 rear of the fuse lage, are made of ash. The support ing pieces are made of spruce. This frame is covered with ia brio made of the finest linen. At present a new cotton ia brio Is being used because it is cheaper to produce and stands the required test atisfa ctoriIy. Lami-
 ated wood is also used in fuselage construction.
 Materials in Construction. The wings are made Of wood, 'hraCed with steel wires and covered with linen or cotton. The long pieces extending the length of the wing at l right angles to the longerons are called beams. The pieces extending the width of the wing and conforming i In shape to certain desired requre-
 ments so 10 give the proper lift are called ribs. The front of the wing is 1 The rear of the wing Is known as the | trailing edge.
 What Is the "Empanagc"? i The important parts of the "empa- 1 nage' or tail-structurc are the two | tabilzers which assist in keeping the ! airplane in a horizontal or vertical l plane and to keep the tail from drop 1 ping, sWaYlng or 'yaWing"; the rud- l der. which controls the longitudinal [ direction of flight; the elevator. which I points the machine up or down; the ! tail-skid. which supports the tail when 1 the plane is on the ground
 What Are AiIerons? l Ailerons are controls located on the
 rear of the outer edge of the wings. 1 They work oppositely, i. e., when the 1 aieron on the left wing goes up, the 1 one on the right wing goes down and 1 vice-Versa. This means that one wing 1 will have more lifting surface than ( L.. l& &fc xrr}1i