The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937, 1919-11-21
Do.srir.e. for securing the maintenance


the late war have ceased to be under
the sovereignty of the states which
formerly governed them and which are
n IA bifee by peoples not yet able to
stead bv themselves under the strenu-
n,ts conditions of the modern world,
there should be applied the principle
that the well-being and development
IT such peoples form sacred trust OF
e;vfIjzation and that securities for the
neff0rnrance Of this trust should De
embodied in this covenant.
the best method of giving practical
effect to this principle is that the tute-
laae of such people should be intrusted
RI adyanced nations who by reason of
their resources, their experience or
their geogra phica1 position can best
undertake. this responsibility, and who
are willing 10 accept it, and that this
ti1teIage should be exercised by them
as rnandataries on behalf of the league.
The character of the mandate must
differ according to the stage of deve1-
ornnent of the people, the geographical
ejf71ation of the territory, its economic
conditions and other similar circum-
stances.
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached a stage of development where
their existence as independent nations
can be Professionally recognized subject
10 the rendering of administrative adj
vice and assistance by a mandatory I'M
til such time as they are able to stand
alone. The wishes of these communi-
ties must be a principal consideration
in the selection of the mandatory.
other peoples, especially those Of
central Africa, are at such stage that
the mandatory must be responsible for
the administration of the territory un-
der conditions which Will guarantee
freedom of conscience and religion,
sY1biect only to the maintenance OF pub
lie order and morals, the prohibition OF
abuses such as the slave trade, the
arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and
the prevention Of the establishment Of
fortifcations or military and naval
bases and Of military training OF the
natives for other than police purposes
and the defense of territory, and Will
also secure equal opportunities for the
trade and commerce of other members
of the league.
There are territories, such rs South
west Africa and certain or the South
Pacific islands, which, owing to the
sparseness OF their population or their
small size, or their remoteness from
the centers Of civilization. or their geo
graphical contiguity to the territory
of the mandatory, and other clrcum-
stances. can be best administered under
the laws of the mandatory as Integral
portions of it's territory, subject to the
safeguards above mentioned In the IN
terests of the Indigenous population.
In every case of mandate the man
datary shall render to the council an
t annual report in reference to the ter
ritory committed to it's charge.
The degree of authority, control, or
administration to be exercised by the
mandatory shall, if not previously
agreed upon by the members OF the
league, he explicitly defined in each
case by the council
A permanent commission shall be
constituted to receive and examine the
annual reports Of the mandataries and
to advise the council on all matters re-
letting to the observance of the man
dates.
ARTICLE 23.-Subject to and in &C
cordance with the provisions of inter
national conventions existing or here
after to be agreed upon, the members
of the league:
(a1 will endeavor to secure anG
maintain fair and humane
| conditions of labor for men
women, and children, both in
their own countries and III
ell countries to which their
commercial and 1nduStfla
relations extend. and for thai
| purpose will establish anC
maintain the necessary in
ternationaI organizations;
Obj undertake to secure just treat
ment of the native inhab
itants of territories under
control;
(c> will intrust the league with the
general supervision over the
execution of agreements witt
regard to the traffic in WON
en- and children and the traf
! fic in opium and other dan
gerous drugs;
! I'd will intrust the league with th'
general Supervision of th'
trade in arms and ammuni
ton with the countries il
| which the control Of this
traffic is necessary in th'
common interest:
<e) will make provision to secure
and maintain freedom O.
communications and of tran
sit and equitable treatmen
for the commerce of al
members of the league. II
this connection the specia
necessities of the regions
devastated during the war @
1914-191S shall be borne il
mind;
f1 will endeavor to take steps II
matters of international con
Germ for the prevention an'
control of disease.
ARTICLE 24.-There shall be places
under the direction of the league al
international bureaus already estab
Hshed by general treaties if the parties
to such treaties consent. ALI such in
ternational bureaus and all commits
sions for the regulation of matters 0
international interest hereafter consti
tuted shall be placed under the direc
| ton of the league.
In all matters of international inter
est which are regulated by genera
conventions but which are not places
under the control of international blu
reauS or commissions, the secretaria
Of the league shall, subject to the con
sent of the council and if desired b,
the parties, collect and distribute al
relevant information and shall rende
any other assistance which may be nee
eSsary or desirable.
The council may include as part o
the expenses of the Secretariat the ex
penses of any bureau or commission
which is placed under the direction o
the league.
u ARTICLE 2S-The ronmbarS NJ tn