davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
4 Woman Deputy Commissioner
Leads in the Campaign
Against Narcotics

mans job. 1t is estimated that
there are 100000 people within the
boundaries of Greater New York
who are addicted to the use of mar
cotic drugs and that at least four
fifths of these use the most danger
Gus Of all of these drugs-heroin.
DR.. Pearce Bailey had good reason
for naming the heroin habit "the
Manhattan disease"
Moreover, the use of these drugs
is rapidly increasing, and, unless
radical measures are used to check
it, it is bound to become one of the
greatest menaces to the country.
The clinic which the Health De-
partment is conducting at Jas
Worth Street is step in the right
direction, for here, for the first
time, the habitual user of narcotic
drugs is treated, not as an object
OF Scorn and derlslOn, not as a GRIM
inal, but as an invalid-a sufferer
from a painful disease.
If you have any feeling in your
heart other than tolerance and SYM
pathy for these unfortunate people
an hour spent at the clinic will
change your viewpoint, for of all
the pathetic aggregations of human
beings that it has ever been my lot
to see the throng that pours into
that little brick building is far and
away the most pitiable.
The thing that impresses one the
most is that they are all, without
an exception, under thirty years Of
age.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

the English language. Yet it is not
simply the learning Of the English
language that counts, but the ideas
and inspiration gained through the
language as we'll. That is why
civics and citizenship, covering the
history and ideals Of the United
States, are part of the course of in
struction. In teaching we use direct
methods. We teach illiterate men
and women how to read and write
such words as sit and stand by
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

making them go through the &C
tions; and we open the window and
we close the window-and then we
say it. The result of this is that
the illiterate learn to read and write
in two months. The literate-those
who can read and write foreign Ian
guagcs--lcarn more quickly.
"In the factory classes one-third
are llllterate. In the mothers
classes three fourths are iIliteratc.
In the bakers classes seven eighths
arc llliteratc. One factory in which
| started Americanization classes is
now organized like the Federal gov
eminent and run with congress,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
Fifty Per Cent Can Be
Salvaged Now

what percentage of these people
do you think are really permanent
ly cured?" | asked the doctor.
II should say, offhand, about so
per cent" was his reply. But we
are going to do much better than
that before we are through he
added.
"Can't they stop of their own vo-
lition if they exercise enough will
power?" was my next inquiry.
Absolutely no." he answered.
"The drug habit takes hold on a
person as nothing else does, and
treatment is an absolute necessity
Miss Graham-M ulhall has very
concrete and practical ideas for the
treatment of habitual drug users
which have grown out of her long
experience with them, and the COM
mission has formulated a construct
i've plan for the working out of
these ideas, which will be followed
very carefully. One of the principal
features of this campaign, and one
which is meeting with strenuous op-
position from many of the members
Of the medical profession, is regis
tration by physicians of all of their
patients who are addicted to the use
of drugs. If this is done throughout
the city it is estimated that in four
months time the name of every
drug addict in the city will be on the
books of the commission, and by the
end Of six months the results of the
reduction Of the amount Of the drug
given to each patient according to
the law, which will require the guam
tity to be decreased with each pre-
scription) may be estimated, and it
is the firm belief of the members of
the commission that this six months
period will show a decrease of %
per cent in the amount Of drugs
used. Reputable physicians are
urged to prescribe the drug to those
of their patients who are addicted
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

promptly be begun. 1t is estimated
that there are Approximately 10000
women and girls i'll with painful dis
eases consequent upon drug using
who have nowhere to turn for ade-
quate relief and ultimate restoration
to health. Their condition is pitt
able in the extreme, for they are both
scorned by the public and neglected
by philanthropic effort-privatc as
we'll as municipal-mainly because
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

without an ounce Of political brain.
Some mighty thoughtful women are
actresses. but their thoughts turn in
other directions, you might say
According TO Miss Banter, the
actress, when she is not rehearsing
or acting, is either travelling OF
sleeping. The clubwoman Is edu-
Gated by lectures and meetings and
pow-wows and elections on small
scale. But there is no parliament
tary procedure in the routine of an
actress.
"Of course" said Fay, q believe
in the vote for women, but let
George do it :"
Deems WELLER
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

composed Of house of representa-
tives and senate, with the presi-
dent Of the company as president.
This factory has now 200 in its
Americanization classes, and there
are 500 more on the waiting list. 1t
is organized as an industrial democ-
racy.
"Foreign women in the United
States fall automatically into two
classes-first, the women in indus
tries and occupations; and, second,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
Shall Hindu Women Vote?
TIME whole world of women

\HE "nole world of women ia
coming on, very much So
East may be East, and West
West. and never the twain shall
meet III most matters-we concede
1t. But not in the matter Of votes
for women!
In India only twelve women out
OF every 1000 of full age can read
and write. Yet the movement for
woman suffrage in connection with
,the Indian constitutional reforms
mas been gaining ground rapidly in
India and in the British Isles them
selves.
The Indian Women's Education
Association has promoted a me-
mortal TO Lord scarborough and
has sent it TO India to him, where
he is laboring to frame and cgtab-
lish an electoral franchise. The
memorial is supported by nineteen
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
the tragedy of their fate and their
great needs are not realized.
The Women's Need
Is Greatest

AS women addicts are harder to
save than men, clergymen, physi-
clans, social workers and the judici-
airy are agreed that the immediate
crying need is scientific system of
care, treatment and training for
these physical and mental sufferers.
Many of these women are wives and
mothers whose children are without
proper care and their restoration TO
their families is a social necessity
of the first Importance. The girls
are the mothers of the future and
their continued physical deteriora-
ton is a community concern, for the
habit does not prevent their marry
ing and begetting children, who are
robbed of their birthright-that of
being we'll born"
1t appears that the women ad-
diets do not take so kindly to the
idea of the clinic as do the men, for
while there were hundred or more
young men in the downstairs room
on the day of my visit there were
only six young women sitting in the
room allotted to them on the second
floor, six poor, unfortunate derelicts
One, much older than the others, sat
alone in corners with eyes partly
closed, smoking cigarette; she was
evidently one of the hardest cases.
Another, a girl of eighteen or twen-
ty, we'll dressed and as neat as a
pin, was just preparing to "cook"
her drug, and at the doctors sug-
gestion she continued the opera
ton. The little case containing the
hypodermic syringe lay on the wood
en- chair before her, and she had
a tablespoon, in which she had Just
placed the proper quantity of the
3, drug. She took from her handbag
a small vial of water and filled the
syringe with this and added it to the
powder in the spoon. Then she held
a lighted match under the spoon to
heat the mixture and dropped a tiny
bit Of cotton wool in to soak it
up and act as a filter. The syringe
sucked up the moisture from the
wool and it was ready for use. The
girl incculated her leg just above
the knee, adding another little red
mark to the dozen or more already
on the flesh.
How do you feel when it takes
offect?" | asked.
"Jest grand" was the reply. "But
| hope | can go to the hospital soon
| want to get of it. as soon as |
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
Publicity and Hospisalizing
Needed First

AT the present time" she will
tell you, ut is a fostering sore
which the public is ignoring and
trying to keep out of sight. but with
registration the lid will be off and
the seething mass opened up, and
then we shall know lust what va
have to deal with. Then, and cnlv
then, can we hope to heal it up"
The great problem just now is
disqualification. This is not a mat.
ter to be laid upon the table and
acted upon later. The need is
urgent; it must be met right nor
What are we gctng to do about it?
Miss Graham Mulhall has a verv
practical idea. She suggests that
some of the big military hospitals
which are being abandoned be taken
over and utilized for this purpose.
There is one on Staten Island which
would be excellent, and Miss Ora.
ham Mulhall points to the Quaker
buildings at Lebanon which were
used by the government during the
war, but which are again available
row.
There is no question in the mind
of any intelligent person who has
locked the matter in the face as to
the vital necessity both for hospitals
where the drug addict can be treated
and institutions where he can 20
for the follow up" treatment. It
is bound to come, so why not do
it now?
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

and, with the 200 at North Brother
Island, 452 in all, when accommoda-
tions are needed right now for 10000
addicts!
AS you will notice, the facilities
are much smaller for taking care Of
the women than of the men, for
there are in all just SO beds in the
various institutions for women pa
tients.
"If it were forcibly brought to the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

accident due to ignorance of English
to cost as much as $4,000. Thou
sands of dollars are paid out fer in
Jurles, many Of which may be traced
directly to the same cause.
There is another way in which
English primers fer grown-ups are a
safety first" method: The purpose
OF characterization is to teach a
proper respect for law and govern
ment and a sense of responsibility.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
Utterly Inadequate
Hospital Facilities

The only hospital which has been
established thus far for the accom-
mediation of these drug addicts is
one Of 200 beds which has recent
ly been opened on North Brother
Island in the East River. This is
for men patients only. Of the reg
ular hospitals there are only four
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

the women in the homes. The first
quickly adopt American dress and
customs and gain some knowledge
of English. The second class keep
their foreign dress, from the kerr
chief on their heads to their bare
feet, maintain their old country GUS
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

to teach foreign born men and
women that, having a voice in the
making of laws, they are in honor
bound to abide by them after they
are made. Learning how to read
and write civcs is more than learn
ing the A B C's. The foreign born
worker is acquiring the ~. s."
along with the three Rs
Our factories are turning out new
citizens.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

attention Of the public" says Miss
Graham-Mulhall, "that there were in
New York between 10000 and 10000
women and girls in need of homes,
for whom no provision was made,
great would be the outflow of SYM
pathy and organized efforts for the
relief of such a situation would
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

which have accommodations for drug
sufferers --Queensboro, which has
IL beds for women patients; Belle
vue, which has forty beds for both
men and women; Riker's Island,
which has 100 beds for men, and
Riverside, which also has 100, also
for men. This makes total of 252
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
BY ELENE FOSTER

WYE ARE all of US familiar
wv with the work the Health
Department is doing for
the habitual users of narcotic drugs
at the clinic which it has estab-
lished on Worth Street, but few of
us know that woman was largely
responsible for the clinics existence.
This woman is Sara Graham Null
hall, Deputy Commissioner of the
New York State Health Depart
ment's Commission on Narcotic
Drug Control.
Miss Graham ulhall became we'll
known as an authority on matters
of social welfare through her chair
manship of that branch of the
work of the Mayors Committee on
National Defence, but previous to
that for many years she had
been working for those addicted to
the use of drugs, so that when Dr.
Copeland first thought of establish
ing the clinic he turned to her for
help and advice. 1t was shortly af-
ter the establishment of the clinic
that Miss Graham Mulhall received
her appointment as Deputy Com
missioner.
The Commission on Narcotic Drug
Control consists of four members
the Commissioner, former Senator
Walter B. Herrick and three deputy
commissioners. The state has been
divided into three districts, each
of which is under the direct care
and supervision of one of these
deputies, and to Miss Graham
Mulhall, the only woman on the
commission, has fallen the most
difficult district of all, the district
in which lies the City of New York,
which is the focus of drug addiction.
The "1erom Habit" Is Called
"The Manhattan Disease"
1t is no ladylike work, let me
tell you, that Miss Graham ulhall
has before her-it is full-sized
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

toms and understand and speak only
their native language.
Immigrant women have had lit
tie or no schooling in their home
land. They cannot begin to learn
English by reading. They need oral
lessons; they need dramatic lessons
they need lessons with objects; they
need lessons concerning their fam
lilies, their babies, their daily sur
roundings and occupations
Following are the topics under
which English is taught to illiterate
women:
The mother and family.
Forms of greeting.
Parts Of baby's body.
Parts of mothers body.
Baby's clothes.
Mothers clothes.
Health Of baby.
Nurse called in.
Doctor called in.
Care Of sick baby.
Home.
Rooms and furnishings.
Ced and bedding.
Kitchen utensils.
Cleaning.
Food for family.
Grocery store.
Market.
Sewing material.
They Teach How 10
Talk to "Centralw
But imagine a primer in the old
days with this lesson in it:
"A Telephone Conversation"
did you call me up this morn
ing?"
"Yes. l asked Central to connect
me with Orchard 5941, but she an
swered: The wire is busy / wait
ed few minutes, and again dropped
the coin into the slot. This time the
wire was not busy. | asked for you,
but your brother answered the
phone"
"What did he say?"
He told me to hold the wire while
he looked for you. He soon came
back and told ME you had gone"
Il am very sorry I missed you,
but had to keep an important APP
polntment when you called me up"
A little later English is taught
with citizenship. Lessons in free
government, constitution, the law
and the courts, and the duties and
rights of the citizen are learned. The
factory worker studies how the gov
I eminent of the nation serves the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

to its use rather than compel than
to get it from illegal sources.
Miss Graham Mulhall lays erea,
stress on the fact that the Soma.
public opinion in regard to tbes.
unfortunate victims of the dru,
habit is changed, the Soma.
the evil will be stamped out. tn.
sooner, in other words, that We
make these people understand that
we do not look upon them =,
criminals, but as sufferers whom ".
are all anxious to help out of their
misery, the sooner they will CON.
out into the open and. do what thew
can to help themselves.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
Ten Thousand ':Drug Sufferers
Urgently Need disqualification
Here and N0w.

can. My brothers downstairs. Him
and me started taking it together
and l hope we can quit together
soon. We want TO get cured before
it gets us too strong"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15
The "Heroin Habit" Is Called
1.-THE Manhattan Disease

1t is no ladylike work, let me
tell you, that Miss Graham-Mulhall
has before her-it is 'full-sized
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-06-15

WYE ARE all of us familiar
wv with the work the Health
Dana rfrnant is doinO fn1.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
WHY WAS WIRE
 NOT REPAIRED?
Coroner to Probe Delay of Illuminating Go. in Fair
 field Fatality.

Why repairmen in the employ of the United Illuminating Co. delayed so long before attending to the brok- en wire in Center street, Fairfield, will be probed by Coroner Phelan when he resumes the inquest late this afternoon on the death of William Schneider, the 11-year-old Fairfield boy, who. was fatally shocked last Sunday by coming into contact with a live wire.
 Henry Burr of Fairfield told the coroner that he telephoned to the Illuminating Co. on Saturday morn ing and gave information about the wire. Selectman Fred Burr tele- phoned to the company later and was told the matter would be attended to.
 It is understood that the location of the broken wire was misunder- stood by the repairrhen who went to Center street, Southport, instead of Center street, Fairfield. It happened that there was also wire trouble in Southport at that time.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
BAD WEATHER
 STOPS FLIGHT
Probable Seaplanes Will Not Start For A
 Hours.

Washington. May 13-Despatches to the navy department today from Trepassey Bay indicated that the na- val seaplanes at Newfoundland could not start on the transatlantic flight for at least 24 hours.
 Commander Towers of the expedi- tion, said heavy seas were running and that a storm was coming down on the course to the Azores.
 The NC-4 also is weatherbound at Chatham, Mass. and officials here re- gard it as improbable that she will be in the overseas flight as Commander Towers message indicated he would start as soon as weather conditions permitted without awaiting the ar rival of the NC-4 at Trepassey.
 If the NC-4, detained at Chatham, Mass. by adverse weather following engine trouble which forced a descent on the first leg of the journey from the home station at Rockaway Point. N. Y, reaches Trespassey before her sister craft are ready to hop off, the chances of her starting for Europe with the NC-1 and NC-3 depend upon the extent of necessary overhauling.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16

The frontier delimitatoin of the new Austria presents the one serious issue In the drawing of the treaty. This is as regards thu lower Tyrol, a section of which is detached from Austria and placed within the boun- daries of Italy. It includes the cit ies of Bozen and Meran. and an es- timated German population of abou, 25o, 900.
 The reason for attaching this Gar nfan-spealing population to Italy is the establishment of a strategic from tier giving Italy adequate protection from invasion from the north. The old frontier ran south of the Alps with Italy on the down grade and Austria on the commanding heighfs. The now frontier 'reverses this, givin g Italy the heights and all the. defens- i've passag ges. The former status gave Austria seven lines of approach, while Italy had only one main line for mobilizins its defenses. The new status places all these lines of ap- proach under Italy.
 Italy secured this line In the armis- tice and now secures its incorporation in the treaty.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
ILLNESS SE|zES GOVERNOR
 HAS BAD FALL
Experienced Slight Attack Vertigo-Bruised Right
 Side.

Hartford, Conn, May I3-Governor Marcus H. Holcomb experienced a slight attack of vertigo at the home of Judge Lucien F. Burpee, Sunday night and fell, striking his head against a lavatory basin and bruisins his right side, which is badly discol- ored. Governor Holcomb declined to partake of any refreshments Sum- day afternoon. saying he would walt until he return from the First Baptist church, where he was to speak in the evening. It was nearly 10 o'clock when he reached the Burpee home and he then dined with the family.
 He sat in the library smoking until about 11:3O and was talking about retiring when he suddenly announc- ed that he felt dizzy and arose. say ing that he would get glass of water from the adjoining lavatory. He de- clined to have it brought to him, and had scarcely entered the room when he swayed and fell.
 Medical attention was summoned and the governor rallied quickly. He spent the night at Judge Burpee's home and on Monday resumed hi3 duties at the capitol.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
ANOTHER CLUE
 IN BIG MYSTERY
Coroner Gets Letter From New York Asking for De-
 scription of Body.

Another clue for the state police to work upon in the New Canaan mur- der mystery was furnished today when Coroner Phelan received a letter from woman in New York asking for a description of the girl whose body was found in the woods. This woman. whose name was not given out by the coroner, said a girl friend of hers had been missing for a long time and she thought the body might be that of her friend
 The address of t he inquirer was furnished to the state police and they will get into communication with her at once. The idea that the body might be that of a missing Hartford girl was disapproved when Medical Examiner Brooks of New Canaan in- spected the dead girls hands and found she had broken finger as was claimed in the case of the girl missing from Hartford.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
CLAIM WOMAN
 NOT HIS WIFE
Connecticut Co. Says Annie Bujnak, Plaintiff in Suit,
 Was Not Married.

That Annie Bujnak, who is su- ing the Connecticut Co. for $10,oOO to recover for the death of John Buj- nak. was not the mans lawful wife, was the allegation made in the Su- perior court today byAttorney Seth Baldwin of the trolley company when trial of the suit was resumed before Judge Maltbfe and a jury.
 Attorney Baldwin said the woman had lived with Bujnak but was not legally married to him. Objection to this line of testimony was made by counsel for Mrs. Bujnak and Judge Maltbie ruled it out. It is alleged that Bujnak was killed April 2, 1918 at Doris street and Barnum avenue when a wagon which he was driving was struck by a trolley car
 The question of Mrs. Bujnak's relation to the deceased came when Probate Judge Welles of Strat- ford was testifying that he had ,ap- pointed her administratriX on the dead mans estate. The taking of testimony was resumed this after noon.
Republican farmer., 1919-05-16
LIEUT.. EUROPE'S
 FUNERAL TODAY
Many Veterans of Great War Attend Obse-
 quies.

New York, May 13-A military fun eral was held here today Tor Lieut. James R. Europe, leader of the 369th Infantry Jazz" band which won wide fame overseas with the negro hell fighters who before the war made up the old 18th New York Ma uonaI Guard.
 A long cortege accompanied the body to the railroad station for the journey to Washington, where burial was to be made In Arlington national cemetery. Many veterans of the fighting in France attended the ser vice, among them Colonel William Hayward, commander of the 369th, and a number of negro soldiers wear ing Distinguished Service Crosses.
 Lieut.. Europe was killed in Bos- ton by one of his musicians who was said to have been insane.