Richmond times-dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1914-current, 1919-11-02
SIMPL|F|ED LESSONS IN
CARE OF AUTOMOBILE.
Guerrlich Describes Mechanism by
Which Driver Steers Machine
From Hand Wheel.
WORM AND THE WORM WHEEL
Many Problems OF Operation and
Repair Solved for Readers by Car
Expert in Language Readily Tn
ucrstood by 1.ayman.

We have seen how the wheels each
turned on their separate pivot when
& the autom obilc is Stccrcd. ana have
now to see tho mechanism by which
the steering is done from the drivers
hand wheel.
In Fig l. tho construction Of the
front aNlc IS again shown. Here y.
the part which comprises the axle OF
the wheel; Inc huh through Which the
and tie rod arm .. is called the steering
knuckle- You Will note that the steer
Ing knuckies OF the two wheels are
connected by rod (E), called the tie
rod. or reach rod. in such WAY that
when one wheel is turned. the other
VIII also he turned. and because OF the
angle OF the tic rod arms. both wheels
will be turned tho proper amount. OBJ
viously, thcn. the steering mechanism
need only Operate on one Of the wheels
When tho driver sits the right
hand side % the car. the car is said TO
be of right hand drive. and the steering
mechanism is usually connected 10 the
the left l1and side (now the most com
mon) the car is of left-hand drive and
the mechanism operates on the left
How weerinE Arm Moves.
When the car IS of left hand drive.
the left wheel steering knucklc. III ad-
dition 10 the tie-rod arm. has an arm
kC) fastened 10 it, to which Il rod or
link C1. Fig 81. called the drag link,
is fastened, the other end OF this drag
link beinE fastened to the steering arm
or }. y on Will nOtc tnat Wncn inc steer
ing arm IS moved 50 as 10 swing back
ward OF forward on it's center (G>
that the wheel will be made to turn.
We have. therefore. next 10 sec how
the steering arm is moved
While the construction OF the steer
ing knckle- tic rod, drag link and steer
there is conyiterablc variation in the
design and construction OF the steer
ing mechanism proper. In the ma
jority. OF cars the steering arm is oper
a tod he IF no a n nrry,
wheel
Fig. 4 shows q detail OF the worm
Wheel is the he worm: the worm 9rsn
worm is connected to a hollow shaft,
TO the other end Of which shaft is con-
nected the steering hand wheel You
wheel is turned, it turns the worm.
which, IN turn. will make the worm
wheel revolve, and so swing the steer
The Worm and Worm wheel
Study this worm and worm wheel for
a moment. What will happen when
back lash" or play. in the hand
wheel. How can this play be taken
out. you ask. The simplest way would
he TO take OF the. steering arm from
it's square-endcd shaft. and then turn
the hand wheel until the shaft has
made a half of a revolution; and put
will bring the back portion OF the worm
wheel marked II into mesh with the
worm. AS this portion of tho worm
wheel has not yet been used. doing this
will be the same as Installing a new
worm wheel
Play in the hand wheel viii also re-
i suit from the thrust hearings. II and T.
becoming worn so that the worm can
3 move up and down. To take out this
play hhe nut X Is screwed down.
When this is done. however. both
wheels must be lacked up. and tests
made Of the hand wheel SO as to be
sure that il does not bind In most
cars the nut * is locked" by having
the top portion of the worm housin Z
split and clamped around the nut. To
turn the nut therefore the upper hous-