davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-05-21
how IOWA CITIES
| NET JAE SOLDIERS.
-. With Companies In the Famous
hundred sixty-eighth Mako
Great occasion Of Their
Home comins-
NOTHING LIKE 1T BEFORE
ally the Whole Population Turn
81 out, Sometimes in Middle Of
Nioht to Noisily Welcome
Them.

N.,b;nq was ever seen before just
~ .ha welcome home Of the differ
mi companies of the famous loStn
infontrv by the cities from which
.ha companies started to war as
uart If the old Third Iowa national
guard regiment.
uere Is the way some of the cities
ualcomed their own after the men
Nod been discharged from the army
at Camp Dodge.
Al Centerville many thousands
tnrned out to greet its old Third
iowa company, now in the l6Sth
reginent and they were thrilled to
see two bright rainbows appear IN
the sky overhead as the men march
ID through the big arch the city had
built.
One Man Had His, Too.
Greene. Iowa, had only one man
IN the regiment, but it met him at
the train with band and crowd.
took him up town and made him
make a speech. His father carried
the flag in the parade by the side
Of the soldier.
Atlantic went wild when it's com
pany came home and marched
through a lane of colored fire and
thousands OF cheering people. A re-
ception and supper closed the even
inp's festivities. Ten men from At
lantic, lie in graves in France.
At Corning the whole population
was at the railroad station with a
noisy welcome, and all the church
and fire bells rang. The crowd
STAYED in the streets until 2 O'Clock
in the morning. But the real well
come was postponed until Wednes-
day OF this week, and what it will be
cannot be imagined at this distance.
A dinner among the sward of park.
with tablecloths in a row a half mile
long, was given the men there when
they started to the war.
Met Them at Midnight
It was midnight when the Shenan-
doah soldiers of. the 1eSth infantry
reached home by automobile from
Red Oak Bells rang, whistles
shrieked, and the populace turned
out and cheered. Rev. c. S. Hanley,
the fighting parson, made a speech,
and the old mascot of the company
was cheered. The Shenandoah COM
pany had the heaviest loss in action
Of any in the regiment, and only
twenty-five men were welcomed
there, Of the $50 who departed for
war in 1917.
Ottumwa had big arch and cost
ly decorations, and made a gala
day Of the return of its company.
Oskaloosa, Notwithstanding It's poor
luck when the men went through
: there that Wednesday to Camp
t Dodge to be mustered out, gave them
tremendous welcome when they
finally arrived at home there as dis
charged soldiers.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-05-21

E.. Monroe garage Saturday, large
number and different styles Of bird
houses, which had been made by the
boys, under the supervision of their
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-05-21

teacher. The same were painted in
various colors, and presented a very
attractive looking display, being on
the rustic apartment order, and were
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
A. Macedonian Cry

Popular fiction has made it appear
that the nearest thing extant to an
earthly paradise is tropical island set
in sparkling sea and shaded by fronded
palms, where food may be had for the
picking
On those who dwell in realms where
nature smiles less genially breaks rudcly
the voice Of Porto Rico proclaiming
wrongs. 1t is a Macedonian cry from
which we learn that palms. and sunshine
are not guarantees of happiness.
The word from Porto Rico comes in a
resolution introduced in the island legis
lature by Senator Iglesias, suggesting
propaganda in the United States to win
from Congress remedial legislation. SEN
ator lglesias declares: "The American
people are completely ignorant of the
true, deplorable position and condition of
the people Of Porto Rico which have been
caused by an economic financial organi-
zation imposed by an illegal system of
land ownership and by absent and resi-
dent corporations and individuals COM
bined."
"A committee may soon appear to COM
plain of what are declared to be intoler
able abuses. 1t is said that rapid de-
velopment of an illegal monopoly in
lands and in the products created bv the
labor Of the island has imposed upon the
small proprietors fixed prices for their
products and upon the wage-earners "the
lowest and most miserable wages"
The receipts of the insular treasury
have not increased in accordance with
the wealth produced, it is asserted for
the reason that corporations and indi-
viduals have succeeded in avoiding as
sessments.
Particular complaint is made of school
conditions. The resolution points out
that out Of 100000 children of school age
on the island 1856, $3.50 were in school in
1914. At that time the import and ex-
port trade of the island for the year
totalled $79,509,549. On the other hand,
in 1918 there were only 106,441 children
in school, a falling off of 49,389, due, it is
claimed, to shortage OF teachers and
school facilities. Yet the import and
export trade Of the island amounted in
1913 to s1376s3,sO4, an increase of
$68,173,765 over 1914.
Figures are submitted to show that
ATT foreign corporations and individu-
ais, American, Spanish and French,
possess 766,3o6 acres Of land, valued at
Sb7,B32, ,437 and other nroncrfv valued
at $26,70S, 1873, which is declared to be q
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Parade Tickets

New York's repute as host is at stake
in connection with the great parade in
honor of the home-c coming soldiers. No
shadow of suspicion in regard to the dis
posal of seats should arise. The greatest
reviewing stand ever constructed, stretch
ing the full length of Central Park, has
been ordered; yet the representatives of
states asked to participate in the recep-
tion complain they have been told there
is no place for them. At the request of
the City of New York governors selected
representatives; yet one of them is moved
to say:
"It is scandal if the representatives of
the states who are cooperating here are
not accorded the courtesy of tickets when
1T is well-known fact that any alder
man or politician can obtain them"
Major Charles F. Neergaard, of one of
the debarkation hospitals, has issued an
appeal to persons with stores and homes
along the line of march to provide places
from which wounded soldiers from the
different hospitals, unable to stand, may
view the march of their comrades.
Major Neergaard says he has 1000
wounded men who are able to be out of
doors, but has been furnished only 800
tickets, leaving 1,700 with no provision.
There will be $4,000 seats available in
the stands. Each soldier of the 9th has
been given two, total of $4,000. Each
member Of the Board of Aldermen is
understood to have asked for 100 tickets,
6,70O in all. Due to this excessive mod
esty on the part of the aldermen, there
still remain $500 tickets for the rest of
New York and it's guests of honor.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
lime to Speak Openly

To the Editor of The Tribune
Sir: One of the chief assets Of the Amer
can people is frankness. We never beat
around the bush about anything. That isn't
our game. And when a league of nations Is
formed a league necessary to world peace
and vital to us all and to our descendants
we do not think we are asking TOO much to
have every fact, pro and con, concerning IL
clear.
Our President went to Europe to repre-
sent the American people in the league ne
had every facility for acquainting himself
with all league matters. He did Now he
is home for short stay. lie has come back
for the purpose of winning US over to TIE
league. And when he starts out with
cloudy and confusing speech, at the END
of which we are as we'll informed as when
he began, We have right to ask that our
President, as well as we, be frank.
HENRY LOCKHART, 3D.
New York, March 10, 1919.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
The Covenant as 1t Is

Representatives of the United States
now apparently concede the necessity OF
an amendment to the covenant to safe
guard and to preserve the Monroe Doc
trine; Great Britain takes for granted no
destruction of her power is discussa-
BILE; France insists she be not asked to
leave her frontier open to another Ger
man attack; Italy sees an intolerable
menace in Dalmatian naval bases in pos
sibly hostile hands.
1t is worthy Of note that, so far as the
war settlement is concerned, although the
subject matter be diverse, the thoughts
of the four nations revolve about the
same idea. No one Of them will enter
into an agreement which seriously i'm
pairs the power of self-defence; and this,
in turn, involves the assumption that no
where is the sort of league of peace that
is proposed accepted as sufficient sub
stitute for self-defence.
Why the sensitiveness Of America over
the Monroe Doctrine? Because we do not
want cis-Atlantic territories to be used
for jumping off places of attack against
us. Why does Great Britain cling to her
fleet? Because without it she fears what
might happen to her home islands and to
the lines of communication that link her
scattered donlinions. Why does France
refuse to give up her army? Because
she feels she must continue to keep
a watch on the Rhine. Why is Italy con-
cerned about the disposal of the Adri-
atic's littoral? Because her own shores
are open.
No one is willing to place reliance on
the covenant or even main reliance.
The American delegates may say so in
words, but their acts say the contrary.
They want the special defence Of Amer
lea looked to, with this country guarding
its bulwarks.
Here is a practical confession that the
covenant does not create real league of
peace. If it did we would not talk about
the Monroe Doctrine, or Great Britain
about her fleet, or France about her
army, or Italy about the rocky islands Of
the Dalmatian coast. The league, it a
real league, would sufficiently provide for
everybody's defence. That the league
now under discussion does not so provide
is proof that it is not league such
as the befuddled assume it to be. The
common judgment concerning it, as COL
lected from acts, is that it is Hague
affair. Why not consider it for what it
is rather than as what it is not? Why
not recognize that it is stumbling block
in the way of the creation of something
worth while?
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Germany's Uncalled-for Detection

AS has been foreseen, Germany does
not like the peace terms and darkly
threatens to unlimber the professors not
surrendered under the armistice.
But who expected Germany to like the
peace terms? Outside of few editors
who contracted the habit of echoing Ger
man propaganda and cannot shake it
off, who cherished this hope?
No man eer felt the halter draw
With good opinion Of the law
Germany enjoyed the luxury of bring
ing on the war. Her people danced and
shouted when they heard how German
soldiers were pouring into other lands
and pursuing labors Of destruction. Let
Germany temper her present detection
by thought of the good time she had.
1t is only fair, in world of compensa-
tions, for others to have their turn.
But in truth the German people have
more reason. to rejoice over the peace
terms thar any other people. Do they
not get rid of militarism? Are they not
to be free of goosestepping? Is it moth
ing that no king or sergeant is hereafter
to hammer them? What is the value
of few marks compared with these
imponderable gains?
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Letters to The Tribune
Services Of Leonard Wood


To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Many of our heroes have passed n,
but we have one with US still to whom mi,
country owes the deepest debt of grattuds
General Leonard Wood. / ask you. fellow
citizens, where is our appreciation for that
man who, against the cry of public opiniop
determined that so far as lay within bis
power this nation should be prepared for
war-the man who conceived and foresav
what the special training of officers would
mean in the event of war? 1t is significant
to learn that some ten years ago General
Wood sent abroad at his own expense three
young officers-Captain Longacre, Captain
Allen and third whose name | do not re.
call-to study the army tactics of France.
England and Germany, and on this COM
posite military policy the Plattsburg move.
ment was founded and eventually, with SUM-
dry changes, was practically adopted.
With utter e1f-effacement General Wood
continually studied to improve the made
quate condition of our army. 1t was he who
urged the vital necessity Of our locating
through the American Legion (an organ
ization formed in the beginning of the war;
all those officers who had fought in the
Spanish American War, of which, strange to
say no record had ever been taken.
Let us, then, pay full homage to that
splendid soldier, the man who had the vision
and foresight to realize we must eventually
enter the European conflict, and was able TO
sacrifice all personal ambition to make
ready his country for that impending or.
deal. Was ever rarer spirit of patriotism
manifested? For had it rot been for his
tenacty of purpose and high sense of duty
in the face of opposing forces would we
have ever been prepared to do our part
that part which helped turn the tide to
final victory?
Now, at this time, when our returning
troops from France are being honored in
every way, let US remember this fact, that
had not General Leonard Wood, through
his answering, patriotic zeal, persisted in
laying the foundation OF their training the
might never have been won.
Daily we hear of citations for the eoura-
gcous and determined qualities of leader
ship of officers of high rank and enlisted
men. Surely, then, that master mind which
concentrated on the great constructive work
that played so vital a part in the war
should be duly recognized by the nation.
GEORGIANA HARTMAN OWEN.
New York, March II, 1919.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
The Sarajevo Mystery

The assassination in Sarajevo of the
Austrian Archduke Ferdinand, heir to
the Hapsburg throne, and his morganatic
wife, the Duchess of Hohenberg, was the
signal for the unloosening of the passions
which plunged Europe into war. This
fateful crime still remains mystery.
1t was apparent at the time that no
adequate police protection was given the
imperial couple. First a bomb was
thrown at the heir-apparent. 1t fell out
side his carriage and injured member
of his escort riding in the carriage be-
hind. Later in the day Ferdinand and
his wife were shot dead while again driv-
ing through the streets. Not even the
most ordinary precautions seem to have
been taken to insure their safety.
The trial of the assassins ended unsat-
isfactorily. 1t was held behind closed
doors. Light sentences were imposed.
Evidently there was desire to shield
somebody. The crime had produced it's
desired political effect. 1t offered a pre-
text for an Austro- Hungarian attack on
Serbia. There was marked disposition
to treat it as closed incident.
The ruling clique at Vienna hated
Francis Ferdinand. Francis Joseph de-
spised him. He had married Czech He
was the proponent of scheme to reor-
ganize the empire into a triple mon
archy. the Slav peoples to acquire an
equal status with the Austrians and Hun
garians. He was opposed to seeking a
quarrel with Serbia. He had fallen out
with William II over Germany's policy
Of military expansion. Many powerful
elements in the monarchy we're interested
in preventing his succession to the aged
Francis Joseph. They were prepared to
hail his removal as blessing.
He was removed" But at whose in
stigation? A pamphlet has just been
published in Austria, written by a priest
who was formerly spiritual adviser Of
the Duchess of Hohenberg 1t charges
that the court at Vienna and the Hun.
garian nobility instigated the Sarajevo
assassinations. Tisza is suggested as the
arch plotter. The authors theory is that
Ferdinand and his wife were sacrificed in
order to pave the way for break with
the Serbans. This explanation is neither
new nor incredible. Perhaps the truth
will come to light when the new Jugo-
Slav state is erected and the mysterious
proceedings at Sarajevo can be laid bare.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14

them. Not for minute will the public
believe that Mr.. Taft holds, if pledges to
enter war are made that future Con-
crosses will be free to disregard them.
1t thinks too much of Mr.. Taft to think
this. He knows better, and wants
pressure exerted that will practically CO.
cree Congresses into not exercising their
legal right to decide Mr.. Taft must be
temporarily out of breath intellectually
to offer the argument he does, and so
must also be The World, which echoes it.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14

violation of the organic act of the island.
The committee, if it should be ap-
pointed, will petition for the election by
popular vote of all officials of the in
sular government and will ask for the
creation Of Federal bank in Porto Rico
to make loans in sums from $50 to $1O,-
900 at per cent for not to exceed
twenty-five years.
To bring about these reforms it is pro-
posed to appropriate from the island
treasury the sum of $4,000. Not huge
sum, surely, as propaganda appropria-
tions go these days, but more than should
be necessary if Porto Rico's wrongs are
real.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Ludendorf's Excuses

Quartermaster General Ludendorff Of
fers four reasons for Germany's defeat
These are: "The deficient strategy of
General Won Moltke; the defective direc-
tion of General Won Falkenhayn; the
poor information supplied by the Ger
man Intelligence Service, and, particu-
larly, the inability of Austria to help
Germany on account of the tenacity Of
the Italian army"
Ludendorff's analysis is incomplete and
superficial. Won Moltke originated moth
ing. His plan Of campaign in France in
1914 was an inheritance from Count
Schlieffen, his predecessor as chief of the
German General Staff. Won Moltke lost
the Battle of the Marine. But as re-
suit of the Marne campaign Germany
secured enormous military advantages.
She came into possession of Belgium and
the richest part of northern France
For four years she succeeded in shifting
the fighting on the West front deep into
enemy territory.
While Won Falkenhayn was Chief Of
Staff Germany conquered Poland, Cour-
land, Lithuania, Serbia, Montenegro and
Albania. She wrecked the military power
of Russia and set up German Mittel-
europa. Won Falkenhayn made great
error at Verdun, yet he left Germany
in more favorable situation than that
in which he found her when he took over
the High Command.
The German Intelligence Service was
poor in a certain sense. But that was
only because the General Staff insisted
on it's furnishing information which
would delude the Kaiser and the German
public. If the military leaders were de-
ceived it was only because they wanted
to deceive themselves. There was no bar
to an almost complete knowledge of the
political and military conditions in all
the enemy countries.
Austria Hungary didn't fail Germany
to any crippling extent. Least of all did
she fail on the Italian front. The noun
tain barriers kept Italy out of Austria.
After Russias collapse Austria Hun
gary could have spared many divisions
for German use on the French front if
Ludendorff had allowed her to remain on
the defensive in Venetia.
Ludendorff evades the real question Of
responsibility for Germany's defeat. He
came into power in the winter months of
1917, taking authority out of Won Hin
denburg's hands, although the latter re-
manned titular Chief of Staff He had to
choose between developing Germanys s
successes in the East and turning West
again, conquering France and challeng-
ing the United States by running amuck
with the U-boats. He favored the latter
policy. Thus he made German defeat in
evtable. Won Moltkes and Won Falken-
hayn's mistakes were trivial compared
with his. He was the real author of
Germanys military misfortunes.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Mr.. Taft's Latest ESSAY

Mr.. Taft in his address before the
Economic Club elaborated point pre-
viously made by him when speaking on
the same platform with the President.
1t is that whenever pledges are carried
in joint covenant of the nations the de-
partment of the government charged
with keeping them may break them.
Mr.. Taft argues, even though a COW
enant pledges us to make war that the
fulfilment of the pledge must depend on
future action of Congress, the war-de-
claring authority; that if Congress does
not declare it war will not occur, and
that thus the Smuts- Wilson covenant is
not yiolative of our Constitution.
That there is legal basis for this argu-
inent Of course will not be seriously COM
bated. The Constitution declares treat
les to be the supreme law Of the land,
yet Congress has successfully asserted it's
right to disregard them, as was done
with respect to the Chinese treaty. Not
only can Congress as whole nullify
treaty, but either House can, by refusing
to provide an appropriation necessary to
give the treaty effect. This intricacy of
our complicated government is by no
means unfamiliar. 1t is technically true
that the nation cannot go to war in any
actual sense without the cooperation of
the Congress.
But acknowledging the soundness of
Mr.. Taft's juridical metaphysics, where
do we arrive? We arrive as to pledge
keeping where the Kaiser arrived when
he ordered German troops to cross the
Belgian border. He was also able to say
the Belgian treaty was signed by his
predecessor---that il it's agreements were
to be respected it was necessary for him
TO give consent, and that il he could give
consent he could withhold it. But this
did not prevent the world, including our
only living cx-Prcsident, from denounc-
ing Germany as faith-breaker. Mr..
Taft should bear in mind that the queg-
ton before the country lies more in the
moral than in the legal field.
II this country intends TO disregard
pledges, or reserves the privilege Of dis
regarding them, it had better not make
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Tribune Work Appreciated

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: Please accept the very hearty
thanks of the Commissioner of Public
Markets and those associated with him
who are trying to reduce the cost of foods
to householders in the City of New York.
The Tribune deserves the very hearty ap-
probation of the people of the city, and
I know has the very grateful feeling of
all of US in the Department of Public
Markets for the splendid contribution
which you are making through your paper
toward the reduction of the cost of living
to the people of the city
JONATHAN c. DAY,
Commissioner.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Sidewalks for Highways

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: The Legislature has approprisses
$1S,000,000 for building country roads.
Everybody with whom l have tahs'
seems to agree that sidewalks for peoss'
trians should be included in the piah''
Generally speaking, there is no place 's'
people to walk. Children going along eo0s'
try roads are constantly in danger oi se'''
Gus injury or losing their lives.
JACOB ERLIcH
New York, March 10, 1919.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-14
Two Years to Educate

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: If Mr.. Wilson could not perceive ~
two years what the war was about, II - y.
strange he cannot perceive defects IN :. 4.
league of nations. And Congress cannos :,
blamed If it refuses to accept his Judsns''
as infailible. f. A. QulMo''
Columbia, N. j., March 6, 1919.