The evening world., 1919-07-10

late The principles which were ac-
coptod as the basis OF peace, but they
had been accepted. not be-
cause We had come IN 20
hasten and assure the victory and
insisted upon them. but because they
were readily acceded 70 a. the prin-
ciples 20 which honorable and en-
lightened minds everywhere had been
bred. They spoke the conscience OF
the world as we'll as the conscience
OF America, and I am happy TO pay
my tribute OF respect and gratitude
10 the able forwaraioolCing men
with whom II was my privilege to
cooperate for their unfalling splrit
Of co-operation: their constant effort
90 accommodate the interests they rep
resented 70 the principles We were
all agreed upon The difficulties.
which were many, lay In the circum-
stanoeA not often in tho men. Al
most without exception the men who
led had caught the true and full vision
OF the problem Of peace as an In
diviBEble whole. problem not Of mere
Adjustments Of interest but OF Justice
and right action.
Atmosphere CREATED BV THE
HOPES OF THE NATIONS.
The atmosphere In which the
conference worked seemed Gre
atod, not by the ambitions Of
strong Governments but by the
hopes and aspirations of small
nations and OF peoples hitherto
under bondage 70 the power that
victory had shattered and de-
stroySd. Two great empires had
been forced into political bank
ruptoy and we were the receivers.
-our task was not only 10
make peace with the Central EN-
pirss and remedy the wrongs
their armies had done. The Gen.
trail Empires had lived In open
violation Of many Of the very
rights for which the war had been
fought, dominating alien peoples
over whom they had no natural
right 10 rule, enforcing. not obedi-
onoo, but Voritablo bondage, ex-
plotting those who wero Weak for
the benefit Of those who were
masters and oVerlords only by
force Of armS. There ooulj be
no peace until the whole order Of
Central Europe was cot right
''That meant that new nations were
70 be created-Poland. Czecho- -Slovalxia,
Hungary itself. No part OF ancient
Poland had ever in any true sense be-
como a part of Germany or Of Aus
tina or OF Russia Bohemia was allen
IN every thought and hope to the
monarchy Of which she had 10 long
been an artificial part, and the uneasy
partnership between Austria and
Hungary had been one rather Of In
terest than OF kinship or sympathy.
The Slavs whom Austria had chosen to
forco into her empire on the south
were kept TO their obedience by moth
ing but fear.
''rhetr hearts were with their kins-
men In the Balkans. These were all
, Arrangements of power, not arrange
ments of natural union or association.
II was tho imperative task OF those
VINO would make peace and make q
inteIligentiy TO establish a new ordel
, which would rest upon the free choice
, OF peoples rather than upon the ar
, bdtrary authority OF HapSburgs OF
! Hohem3ollernA,
. More than that. great popu1ationi
D bound by sympathy and actual kin u
p ROumania were also linked 0gains
Z their win 70 the congiomcrate Austro
Hungarian monarchy OF 70 other aliei
n Sovereignties, and It was part OF tn
task OF peace 10 mako a now Rou
8 mania. as well as new Slavic stat
clustering about Serbia
~And no natural frontiers could b
b found 20 these new felds OF adjus,
r ment and redemption. II was nece1
L sary 10 look constantly forward Z
o other related tasks. The German col
: onies were 10 be disposed OF. The
> had not been governed. they ha
ls been exploited merely, withou
70 thought OF the interest or even IN
70 ordinary human rights Of their In
n habltants.
4 TURKISH AND AUSTRIAN EN-
n PRES BREAK APART.
. The Turkish Empire. moreove
> had fallen apart, as the Austro- Hur
= garisn had. II bad never had an
70 real unity. II had been held togeth,
)r onlv NV nitiIesa .inhtIfnan Sonca III