davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18

received, and that the men who are
brought in from the outside can be
handed and placed on the land to a
great deal better advantage, and in
dividual farmers who are looking for
extra help may secure the same by
the application through individual
committeeman in each locality and
know at first hand of any change in
a County wage scale.
Cooperative Marketing
This project is in charge Of R. W.
Turner Of Heppner, and under this
head it is the plan of the executive
committee, that the small shippers
Of livestock, who have a few head of
COWS or calves or hogs or sheep or
possibly some poultry, to send to mar
ket to pay a lower price than he
would otherwise, if it were not for
the surplus Of butcher stock and
by shipping in cooperative associa-
ton they have proven that it is pos
sible in other localities to save a very
considerable amount of money and it
is hoped that this may be found pro-
fitable in this locality. Another Of
the projects which will come under
this head and has proven to be very
satisfactory. every where it has been
tried out, is the County Wool Pool,
where the small grower Of wool is
enabled to pool his wool together and
hold for a larger price,. These are
some of the problems which will be
taken up and discussed
The Rodent control. which at the
present time is one of the most i'm
portant projects of the Farm Bur-
eau. this is in the hands of three
committeeman: Oscar Keithley,
president Of the Farm Bureau; Jack
Hynd of Cecil and Jim Carly of Lex
ington. These men pass on all plans
for handling the rabbit situation and
the County Agent is their field re-
preventative in carrying on these
plans. All money collected in further
ing this campaign is turned over
Immediately to Mr.. E. NJ. Hidden Of
Heppner, who is the Treasurer Of the
Association. All bills will be paid by
him directly after they have been
passed on and audited by this rodent
control cimmittee. In the spring
when the sage-cat and ground-squir-
rels are dealing devastation to the
wheat crop it is planned to be able
to furnish poison in large quantities
to the farmers with a saving Of sew
eral cents per gallon, II enough in
terest is shown in various localities
the legal campaign will be put on and
every man would be therein compell-
ed to poison the land on his own
place, this however is n matter which
will be left to the local representa-
tive for determination and to the
action Of the County Court therein.
In Baker County last year eighteen
tons Of poison oats which were dis
tributed to their Farm Bureau in err
a~dicating these ground-squirrels Of
that County, and a very successful
campaign from the point Of the ex-
termination was conducted.
Irrigation and Alfalfa
This m p project is in
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18
THE MORROW COUNTY FARM b.
REAU---|1S AIMS AND ACTIVITIES

action was taken, resulted In the or
ganization of a Bureau in one of
the departments of the Cabinet where
agricultural was considered as q vi
tai factor. 1t was in the eighties
that the organization Of the Grange
in cooperation with the efforts Of
the Farmers Alliance, succeeded in
getting this organized as a separate
department Of the Cabinet, but it was
not until the COS that the real force
of this department began to be felt
when more and more definite farm
organization began to take shape.
The Farmers Alliance was a vital fac
tor in the development of agricul-
ture but its race was not long in the
running. Several peculiar mistakes
interfered and it died a premature
death. The Grange has lived longer
has done a great deal of good and
will probably always remain as a VI
tai factor in many communities. It's
activities are largely social and semi
political, and while furnishing a great
deal of room for expression, provides
little room for definite action. The
Farmers Union n Of the most pow
erful and most potent factors in the
grain section Of the United States
was organized entirely as a market
ing organization and while there has
been times that it attempted some
political work 1t has been practically
entirely a marketing organization
and along this line has accomplished
tremendous steps for advancement
and there is no community into which
it has gone but what has felt the en-
enlargement Of q new and greater
prosperity for its people. Their in
fluence has uniformly been for the
advancement of the prosperity Of its
members and of the community as q
whole. All Of these organizations
are more or less secret and. are only
eligible to those who are duly elect
ed to its membership.
Early Activities of the Department
of Agriculture.
Among the first attempts made
by this department, when it was ear
ly formed was the sending of spec
tally prepared scientists to various
localities to deliver lectures to far
mers. These men had a theroleteri-
cal knowledge Of agriculture which
was too often not reinforced by prac-
teal experience or by knowledge ac-
CURED Of local conditions. Next
came the demonstration train which
was quite a step in advance. It was
supported by the leading railroad
systems and by Agricultural Colleges
and was another n of these exper-
fences which were necessary in the
final evolution of the agricultural de-
velopment to that state that must be
reached in this country and which
has already been reached in foreign
countries. Following this came the
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18

a success In seven years time the
farm Bureau program has increased
by leaps and bounds until at the be-
ginning of April of last year there
were nearly one-half million farmers
enrolled in active membership in &C.
active organizations throughout the
counties of these United States. Dur
ing the present winter a strenuous
campaign is being put on with the
idea and the hope that before the
end of another April that at least one
million farmers will be enrolled UNI
der the banner of the Farm Bureau OF
the United States. The National Or
ganization is being put upon its feet
and the active cooperation of the
farmer of the Nation seem to be fl
nally and at last assured.
Politics Has No Part in the Program
1t is not to be thought of by any
who are giving serious consideration.
to this idea that politics will be al
lowed to enter in the habit as has so
often characterized its adoption and
social organizations for the farmers
with the idea of handling as many
complex agricultural, marketing and
business problems and it's object is
to protect the farmer and give him
a mouthpiece to speak along any Of
the lines that may properly come
under Farmer Business. 1t is felt
by many people that the time has
now come to revise our view point
Of Office holders. They should be
chosen in the same manner that a
farmer or manufacturer would hire
a skilled artesan or mechanic. Eff
ficency should be and will be the
test. The personality of the mar in
so far as it does not effect his effic-
iency will more and more cease to
be a vital factor. We must get away
from the fact that our Office holders
are the guardians Of the people.
They do not require any guardian.
The public conscience is at last
awakened and all that is required is a
method of expression, that will en-.
able a general expression of business
principles for this, and this alone is
the essence of good government, and
further an organization or a number
of organizations representing differ
ent industries, that will have a good
deal to say towards compelling the
adoption Of these good principles by
the chosen spokesman of the people
who will act not from the standpoint
Of guardian but as men who are
there to do the biding of men who
are perfectly capable Of doing their
own thinking.
The Farm Bureau Built From the
Ground Up.
The Farm Bureau differs from
any other organizations in that it is
not organized from the top down but
built from the ground up. 1t is bas-
ed upon the elemental requirements
of the individual composing the var
ious social units Of the states and pro-
vides for their solution and express
sion. Each locality in an organized
county where the Farm Bureau has
taken hold has its local organization
whose particular province is to look
local conditions and is a work
ing organization for the state pro-
gram to its own locality and is a
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18
L.. A. HUNT, County Agent.

In spite of the fact that medieval
History has several examples of ag-
rarian societies which we're organiz-
ed and did considerable work in mod
ern times, there has been no really
definite constructive program of
Farm Organization developed until
within the last fifty years. Its need
has been long realized. The various
and vital problems which effects the
agricultural interest of each locality
are too offtimes solved in silence
and the results of long and costly ex.
periments conducted by individuals
are of no advantage. v heard Of
by the mass Of the farmers of the
country. The problems which effect
the whole mass OF Farmers, both
state and National, go unsupported
by a uni cd demand from their peo-
pie most interested because Of lack
Of a definite m~outhpiece, while
every other organization in the Unit
ed States has for a great many years
teer rrofiting by organized work, or
gan d planning. and organized di.
rcc,.On; the vast agricultural people
II these United States have beel left
in thu lurch, while a. the present
time they have invested in theii
name nearly 60 per cent Of the total
wealth of the country and have en-
umerated one-third of the population
of the country, their interests are
less cared for and their problem less
considered and their voice less heard
than that of any branch of industry
in the United States. Every other
industry has found by example and
has profited by organized efforts,
and organized development, and 1t
has remained for the farmers to be
the last one to adopt this principle
which has proven 500 profitable to
every other industry. This is no
time for past determinations or dis
cussion OF past problems, but is Is Il
time for the development of a staunch
Americanism, and the fact that there
are two mass bodies Of the American
people wrestling in wal like grasp,
renders all the more necessary that
there should be some intermediary
force that would assist in the solu-
tion Of these problems. The efforts
that have been made by the American
Legion in establishing Americanism
in the country is to be commended,
but powerful as they are, great need
Is apparent for more support and this
support should come, will come and
must largely come from the great
bodies Of the most conservative peo-
pie in the world today, the agricul-
tural class of America.
Past History Of Agrarian Organiza-
ton.
II was about the year 1853 that
the Farmers Alliance was organized
and In the stress Of the Civil War,
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18

charge of Mr.. Matt Hughes of Lex
ington. The different methods of ir-
rigation have many of them never
been tried out in this locality and
some interest is indicated along that
line. Under this head will come the
work in graduating the alfalfa along
the creek bottom, the application Of
sulphur to alfalfa and the introdue-
ton of different varieties of alfalfa
for better yields. 1t is pertinent to
notice that Deschutes County has in
creased her alfalfa yield by at least
fifty per cent an acre by the ap-
plication of eighty cents of sulphur
per year, this is one of the most i'm
portant things that face the farmers
upon the irrigated lands. Another
one of the problems which face the
people along Willow Greek is the
shortage of water, and this will be
taken up and discussed by the irri-
CATION committee of the Farm Bur-
eau and it is hoped that a definite
solution may be found for this pro-
blem.
Orchard Work
This project is in the hands of Mr..
John Wightman of Heppner. 1t is a
we'll known fact that on Rhea creek,
around Heppner, and around Lexing-
ton, and in many other places, in
GLIDING around Irrigon, there is a
great deal of sentana scale and fire
blight and the eradication of this or
these is absolutely essential to the
protection of clean orchards, for this
scale rapidly communicates healthy
trees to the agency of winds and
birds, several orchards near Heppner
and Lexington are practically dead
due to the scale blights An effective
campaign will be put on at the prop
err time to do away with this work,
Livestock Improvement
Under this program which is in
charge Of Ed Rugg Of Rhea Greek,
it is hoped to introduce better breed
ing animals into Morrow County with
the idea of building up the herds in
this locality. 1t is generally conceded
that the scrcub animals actually eat
more in a years time than the we'll
bred animal. 1t is simply because
he is a poorer machine for trans
forming vegetable matter into ami
NAL flesh, and this is a problem which
makes the scrub a far more expen-
sive animal to raise, and when rails
ed is worth several cents less per
pound. 1t is a matter OF purely bus
mess economy for the farmer
whether he is raising dairy-cows or
range stuff to raise the best possible
machine for doing this kind Of work.
Something along this line has been
done in the shipping Of several dairy
COWS into the Boardman Irrigon sec
ton. 1t may be that a shipment OF
pure-bred bulls will be brought in
to Heppner in the spring.
Good Roads
Under the head Of good roads,
which project is in the charge OF
Adam Knoblock OF Rhea Creek. It Is
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18

working organization for the solution
of those problems which are pecu-
liar to its locality and are not
comparable with those Of other pro-
jects. Where a number of commun-
tiles have the same problems Of COM
mon interest a group committee is
organized with committeeman of each
of these localities, forming therein
a community committee. Where
more than two counrres or numerou.
counties have a common problem, a
state committee is composed in the
same way. In this way the results
and the solution of problems found
in any particular localities can be
carried to the last interested COM
munity in this connected chain of in
terested committeeman and so the
business of the farmers are taken
care Of in that particular line of re-
search or investigation.
The Farm Bureau in Morrow County
In applying the Farm Bureau plan
to Morrow County, the executive
committees Of farmers who have met
from time to time to consider the
problems of this locality has decided
upon the adoption of ten projects for
the major operations of the County
Agent and the Farm Bureau, and in
holding the various local meetings,
and planning for local work, the OPP
erations Of the Farm Bureau COM
mittees in various localities have "a
dopted such parts of the County plan
as is suited to the need of such To-
cality.
Wheat Varieties Fertilizing
This project is in the charge of
S. l.. Stevens of Lexington. 1t is con-
sidered by the Farm Bureau that in
view of the fact that there are in the
world two or three thousand variet-
les of wheat, that undoubtedly many
new varieties will be found which will
probably be preferable to those now
grown in Morrow County, and it is
the aim to try out such varieties that
will appear to be suitable to this To-
cality in very small plots and to do
away if possible with expensive ex-
pertinent by individual farmers, but
will hold true to small experiment u.
small land where the Farm Bureau
will be back of, gathering data and
so forth. The application Of sulphur
to dry land wheat under summer-fal-
low conditions is something very new,
something that has never been tried
too extensively, but has in many To-
calities given results that are very
gratifying, All these things are go
ing to be tried out by the County
Committee on this line.
Labor
Under the head of the labor COM
mittee which is in charge of Ed. Reit-
mann Of lone, it is expected that a
great deal will be done to stabalize
the wage situation among the har-
vest men during the season.. 1t is
hoped that it will be possible to make
such an adjustment of wages, that
not only will men stay on the job I'M
til the job is completed but that more
satisfactory and better work will be
The gazette-times. [volume] (Heppner, Or.) 1912-1925, 1919-12-18

Under the head Of good roads,
which project is in the charge OF
Adam Knoblock OF Rhea Creek. It Is
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1919-05-28
German RenIY Makes 120 PAGES.

Versailles, May 2S-The men man.
aing the printing plant on the train
the Germans brought here with print
ing equipment, worked all night print
ing the German counter proposals to
the peace treaty.
These will make a pamphlet of 12O
pages. Only enough of these will be
printed to supply the delegation.
No definite decision has yet been
taken, so far as can be ascertained,
on the German line of action should
the allies reject entirely the counter
proposals submitted by Count Won
Observation-Disclosures
Some indications are apparent of
shift from the earlier make or break
attitude toward an inclination to sign
the treaty, even if it is unchanged,
though under protest.
This would probably be the decis-
ion, should surface concessions enough
be made regarding Dantzig. West
Prussia and the eastern frontier to
enable the government to submit the
treaty to the people with the asser-
ton that its peace delegation has been
able to obtain from Germany's adver-
saries favorable notifications, since
the question of the existing govern
ment's prestige and its ability to
weather the expected storm of protest
from the moderate and conservative
parties will not fail to affect the ulti-
mate polics adopted.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1919-05-28
POLICEMAN KILLED
BY MOTOR THIEVES
Chase From Trenton Ends in
Murder Of PurSuer.

Philadelphia, May ga Trenton
policeman was murdered by two mo-
tor thieves in the extreme northeast
ern section of this city after race
of eighteen miles over the Lincoln
highway between a stolen automobile
and motorcycle.
The man who was slain by five bull
lets fired into his side just as he was
about to make the arrests, was Abner
c. Braun, thirty-five years old.
The murderers escaped. After they
fired the fatal shots they sped toward
the center of the city. The car head
ed toward Broad street, was sent
speeding over the Roosevelt boulevard
when the shooting occurred.
Throughout the eighteen-mile chase
both the automobile and the motor
cycle held a speed of more than fifty
miles an hour.
Just as the Byberry Fair grounds
were reached Braun drove his motor
cycle up to a position running even
with the automobile. AS he raised
his right hand calling for the thieves
to halt, one of them pulled a revolver
and fired five shots into the police
mans side, under the right arm. One
bullet passed through Braun's heart
killing him instantly
The patrolman fell from his motor
cycle, which kept on going for dis
lance of two hundred feet before il
turned to one side of the road and
crashed into a tree.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1919-05-28
| LEMON JUICE
FOR FRECKLES
Girls! Make beauty lotion for
a few cents-Try It'll

Squeeze the Juice OF two lemons
into a bottle containing three ounces
of orchard white, shake we'll, and
you have a quarter pint Of the best
freckle and tan lotion, and complex
ion beautifier, at very, very small
cost.
Your grocer has the lemons and
any drug store or toilet counter will
supply three ounces of orchard
white for few cents. Massage this
sweetly fragrant lotion into the face
and see how freckles and blemishes
disappear and how clear, soft and
rosy-white the skin becomes. Yes!
1t is harmless and never irritates.-
Adv.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1919-05-28
OCEAN CROSSED
BY u. 5. Filler
The AC-4 Navy Plane Arrives
at Lisbon.
The FIRST OVERSEE FLIGHT

Last Leg of Trip Was Made in 9
Hours and as Mnutes-26 Hours
and ~ Minutes Time From New
Homeland.
Ponla Delgada, May 2S.-The ar
rival of the NC-4 at Lisbon marks the
conpieiisl of the first transatlantic
air flight in history, with the coveted
honor going To Il machine designed,
built and manned by Americans.
The Nj arrived ut Lisbon at 4.O1
=. II. The ship made the distance
from Punta Dalgada 10 Lisbon in 8
hours and IL minutes, making heY ac-
tual lying time. in crossing the Attain
tic from Newfoundland 20 hours and
Il minutes.
FiUtilla Commander Workman at
Ponta Dui@a,at. has received radio
message relayed from the plane, say
ing:
eve are, safely on the other side
of the pond"
Later messages reported the crew
all well and gave brief details of the
arrival in Portugal The engines
worked Splendidly and apparently
there was 10 untoward incident of any
kind.
The NC-4 was greeted by the
cheers of great crowds on the water
front. she Shrieking of whistles and
the ringing Of bells.
The plane covered the distance at
a speed of more than eighty miles an
hour.
As soon as the news was received
at Pnnta Del@ada Admiral Jackson
| ordered I'll the warcraft in the harbor
to blow their whistles and sirens.
This was Kept up for five minutes, the
sailors and officers, meanwhile, cheer
ing the great American triumph.
Commander Read, according to in
| formation, plans to remain at Lisbon
overnight and continue to Plymouth.
The departure of the NC-4, which
was set for an early hour, was de-
layed by trouble with the fourth en-
| CINE of the plane.
1t was 10 Is A. NJ, GfeenWlcn time,
or 61S A. NJ, Philadelphia time, when
Commander A. c. Read, confident that
| he would reach the coast of Portugal
before darkness, started for Lisbon.
Shortly after starting the seaplane
| he sent a wireless message to Admiral
| Jackson, which read:
1--WE seem to be on our way. Many
thanks for your hospitality"
The crew of the seaplane boarded
| the plane an hour before sunrise, but
| il was not until several hours later
| that the giant machine TAXED outside
the breakwater, headed TO windward
and rose gracefully into the air. She
circled the harbor and then headed
for her destination amid cheers from
| the sailors and soldiers who lined the
decks of the ships in the harbOr and
the crowds on the piers, together with
the shrieks of whistles from all the
steam craft within sight.
The din of the salute was kept up
for several moments, the plane mean
while speeding on her way and slowly
disappearing in the bright eastern sky.
The course was marked by fourteen
American destroyers, stretched out
along the route to guide the flyers,
.ld # necessary give them assistance.
The daily banner. (Cambridge, Md.) 1897-2008, 1919-05-28
GERMANS To
ANSWER TODAY
Reply to Treaty VIII be Pamph-
let Of 40 Pages.
AUSTRIAN PACT SOON READY
New States Protest theoretically at
Austria's War Burdens - Boom
Rhine Free State.

Paris, May 2S-The German coun-
ter proposals TO the alIied~peace terms
are ready. according 10 Il statement
made in French peace conference cir
cIes.
Count Won Brocidorff will present
them today.
The note sent to the peace confer
ence by DR.. Karl Renner, the Austrian
chancellor, and head of the peace
delegation, protesting against the de-
Law in the delivery of the conditions of
peace, was couched in courteous terms.
1t now appears the delegation may
receive at least a part of the treaty
for its consideration before the end Of
the week.
Representative of the new states
carved out of the former HapsburS
monarchy had n hearing before the
reDarations commission to present
their objections to the proposed solu-
ton of the Austro-Hungarian financial
problem.
Under this they would be held re-
sponsible for their share of the pre-
war debt, the war debt, the war issue
of currency and reparations, and
would be required to compensate Aus
tria and Hungary for the value of the
public buildings and other property
inside the limits of the new states.
The protests were met sympathetical-
~. by the council of four, which sent
the question to a sub-commission for a
re-hearing.
1t is believed Il new report will be
madd exempting the new states from
any payments on account of repara-
ton or public property taken over.