davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
CIRCULAR SAYS
TIE-UP TO MAKE
STRIKE SUCCESS

Washington. Aug. 23.-Success of
the strike on which railway shopmen
OF the country are now voting will de-
pend entirely upon how we can stop
transportation service OF the. country,
said a circular presented in the senate
today by Senator Thomas democrat,
OF Colorado He said the railway EN-
ployes department of the American
Federation OF Labor sent out the cir
cular. Thomas said the situation was
a perfectly legitimate development
or the action of congress of 1914 in
exempting organization OF laboring
men from operation of the antitrust
law. The demands of shopmen ana
other railroad employees for increase,s
are now being considered by Director
General Hines.
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
JOHN r. GRACE
is NOMIN ATED
AT CHARLESTON

Charleston. s. c., Aug z3.-After
the subcommittee on canvass had sat
from D. m, last night until early
this morning. passing on seventy-seven
challenged votes. the city democratic
executive committee. a few minutes
later acted on the report of the sub
committee and declared John p. Grace
nominee Tor mayor OF Charleston. over
Trlstram T. Hyde. whose formal lead
In the primary Tuesday OF one vote
was lost in the counting OF challenged
votes Mr.. Grace was awarded a
fourteen-vote majority. the official to-
tai being. Grace, 3.446; Hyde, 3.432.
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
New Fall apparel Arriving
Thick and Fast in WOmen's
Wear Department

The ACCORDION pleated Suits, belted high waist
Coats and best of ate very latest ideas Collar
etes coatees and fancy styled short New coors
styles in trimming Priced very modestly, consistent
with good quality.
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
NAVY OFFERS TO
GIVE HONORABLE
DISCHARGES NOW

Washington. Aug. 23.-Honorable
discharges will be granted to all men
who served in the navy during the
war with Germany with good recorS~
and who have since been released with
ordinary" discharges. 1t was announc-
ed at the navy department today. Fy
a ruling OF the department at the
time the armistice was signed. all en-
listed men discharged before the e.
piration of the fun four-year term of
enlistment were given ordinary dis
charges instead OF the usual hororab.e
dischs les.
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24

10 apply to the government i'm order
TO obtain a permit
An application Of Post Adjutant j.
M. C0e. Frank Marston Camp Ameri-
can Legion, asking that a record of
certificates or discharged service men
may be kept. was answered by the re-
port that this work Is already being
done by the clerk of the circuit court
A second inspection OF Bayou Chico
bridge will be made before finel ac-
ceptance. possibly Monday. On Tues
day wv. III. Converse. president Of the
contracting firm. will settle all OUT
standing Indebtedness, IL is expected
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
LOCAL DELEGATES
LEAVE TO ATTEND
BIG CONVENTION

f. J. Courtenay. J. w Harsell and III.
$. Kelley Of the local Metal Trades
Council left last night for Jackson
vile for the purpose of attending the
convention OF all ship yard workers of
the South Atlantic and Gulf Coast
plants
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
EPILEPSY

Kosine treatment has. for nearly 20
years. successfully restored sufferers
from Epilepsy. or Fits.
Large bottle 81. II not satisfied. after
using your money win be refunded
Write for free treatise.
Kosine Co.. Washington. ID. G.
sold in Pensacola by Balkcom Drug Co.
and Crystal Pharmacy.
The Pensacola journal., 1919-08-24
COMMISSIONERS
PAID TOO MUCH
FOR CLAY PIT

CONTINUED from Page One,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

kinds of insects furnish food for the
birds. The more the birds are en-
couraged to visit a neighborhood,
therefore. the greater will be the pro-
lection to the crops and trees in that
neighborhood.
The house wren is a valuable bird
in this particular for 1t feeds entirely
on insects. This little bird is n OF
the most sociable and confding of
birds and will build it's nest right close
to a human ~habitation. The wren will
gladly accept a little house prepared
for its reception; and If it has to build
its nest elsewhere constructs it of grass
Or weeds stuffed into any crevice that
takes its fancy.
A French scientist has asserted that
without birds to check the ravages of
insects, human life would vanish from
the earth in the short space of nine
years. He insists that insects would
first destroy the growing cereals. then
would fall upon the grass and the
foliage which would leave nothing for
the cattle and stock to feed upon. 1t
is certain that birds destroy every
year thousands of IONS of noxious weed
seeds and billions of harmful insects
Among other pests which birds at
tack is the cotton boil weevil which
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

out at Warsaw and the Poles were
made prisoners in their own country
only to be beaten and starved as well.
There were several drives made by the
Huns and the women and children OF
the city suffered untold horrors.
Now that fighting has ceased the
people are merely existing in Poland
and the Rockefeller Foundation has
made an investigation and reported
that unless something is speedily done
the entire civilian population will
starve.
The Allies have decided that Poland
shall, after centuries, come into its
own and the better class Of Poles have
been trying to s~traighten things out.
Paderewski, the famous pianist,
went homo sometime ago and was
the President Of the country for a
short time. But there is always trou-
BILE and no matter how careful the
people who are working for the good
Of the land, may be, German propa-
ganda will creep in and cause disturb
ance and unrest. The entire country
must be reconstructed. The land Is
valuable but all the farming machin-
cry is destroyed for it seems that
wherever the Germans were compelled
to move out they wrecked and ruined
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
ron Amounts TO one.tcnth

1t has been estimated that insects
take a toll every year which amounts
to one-tenth of all the cereals, hay,
cotton, tobacco. forests and general
farm products that are raised in the
United States. 1t is said, for instance,
that they destroy as much as 3,000,-
900 worth of hay. Hessian flies APP
peared in Ohio and Indiana in the
year 1900 and before they had com
pleted their ravages they had devoured
2. 10000 acres of wheat. a tremendous
loss not only to that section of the
country, but to the nation as a whole.
These facts give a glimpse as to the
reasons why birds should be protected
and encouraged. They are worth
many millions of dollars annually to
the country. If it were not for them
some of the insect plaques might gain
such Roadway that there would be no
possible way of checking them.
Numerous observations have been
made to discover how many insects
birds eat. 1t has been found in some
cases that they will eat thousands of
bugs and insects in one day. Grass
hoppers, potato and cucumber beetles.
plant lice, cankerwork moths, codling
worms. ants-these and many other
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

women and children, suffered alike
and the streets ran red with blood.
After Warsaw's fall the powers decid-
ed to divide Poland again.
The Empress Catherine of Russia,
who was well known as an intriguer,
was the leader and together with Fred
erick William and Marie Theresa they
planned and connived with the result
that the gains of Russia consisted of
an area of $4,000 square miles and a
population of 5000, 600. Austria's
share was $4,000 square miles and
5000 new subjects and Prussia's new
territory $1,000 square miles in ares
and 2,500,000 population. This left a
comparatively small number Of Poles,
ashamed and grieved at the loss of
their national existence. AT last they
thought if they would fight for France
this country would help them organ
ize a government in return for their
services, but the French laws would
not permit of their enrolment in the
army. Finally a few were able to get
into what was called Napoleon's Pol
ish Legion and about $4,000 of these
were sent to st. Domingo to suppress
the revolt headed by the negro Tous-
saint lOuverture. Many of them died
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
ZSe ZxxsnozH%9K

run into the thousands. From 1900
to 5000 ants have been found in a
birds stomach. Also they will often
consume thousands of weed seeds in n
day. The American Forestry Assoc
ton of Washington. therefore,
through a national bird house building
contest has been recommending that
means be taken to protect and encour-
age birds in every community because
of the great economic service they
render. Birds will cease coming to a
neighborhood where they canno find
proper protection and good nesting
places.
Birds are a great asset to any COM
munity. They help the farmer by
%devouring great quantities of the In
sects which prey upon his crops; and
they also eat the seeds of many weeds.
They get after the bugs in the garden.
In the orchard they consume cater
pillars and other pests destructive to
tree life. Frank NJ. Chapman. eminent
ornithologist. is authority for the
statement that "if we should lose our
birds we should also lose u forests
These little friends of the forest eat
the borers which live on the bark of
trees and the various moths and other
parasites that prey upon the trees.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
MMISN NT5T8<AE

every, implement of agriculture as well
as everything else in the hope of starv.
ing the people.
The land is productive but the peo-
pie have no farming implements and
they are so weak from lack of. food
hat they cannot even work If they
had the machinery.
Warsaw, the largest city. Is beauti-
fully situated on a plain on the Vistula
River. The main part of the city Is
close to the river, and houses are
quaint and many are very old. The
city has always been an intellectual
center and many of our finest singers
and musicians have called Warsaw
their home.
Pitiful Condition
The Socialists have appeared but
they are not making any attempt to
feed the ONE and children who
stand about begging for food. Num-
bers of children are going blind
through suffering with trachoma, the
dreaded eye disease. There are also
several thousand i'll from tuberculosis.
Both of these diseases are from lack
of medicine and proper food.
The old Jewish market, where a
great part of the foodstuffs were
handled is almost empty, as few can
get any food to offer. The once beau
tiful boulevards, built in imitation OF
the Champs-Elysess of Paris, show lit
tie of their old time splendor. Beggars
are everywhere.
! The Catholic church predominates
| as a religion, but there are more than
100000 Jews about the city, both
Poles and Jews have little food and nc
work. Poland's plight Is pitiful and
1t may be many years and only after
much suffering that this chrysalis of .
nationsWaay come into the sunshine.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
of yellow fever so they gained no help

of yellow fever so they gained no help
for Poland.
They at last settled down as an I'm
happy people, the three parts Of which
were ruled by Austria, Germany and
Russia. They suffered humiliation
from each one and were known as the
saddest people in Europe.
Divided Between Nations
Then the great war came which
threw the great armies of Europe in
conflict on the dismembered soil Of
Poland. The Poles were Slavs but
they owed allegiance to three nations
and were drawn into these armies.
Finally they concluded that If some
fought with each army they might
in some way gain recognition. Russia
made the biggest play for them by
promising them q certain freedom and
the Gear even SEM a religious address
to them which caught many and they
tried to fight against Germany with
the Russians, but the retreat of the
Russian army left them an easy victim
to the Huns who devastated Poland as
they did Belgium, destroying hundreds
Of villages.
Battles At Warsaw
A part of the campaign was fought
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
III Treatment OF The Jews

h Jews, like the Armenians, have
been prosecuted for centuries and aft
err all is said and done by the Peace
Conference there is little doubt there
will be outbreaks of that type from
time to time. However, it is certain
there will be some provision against
the harming of innocent people mere
ly because they are of another race.
The Poles are q peculiar people for
they seem to dislike other nations eX-
cept themselves. During the time they
were under the Russian government
they refused to speak the Russian
language O to study it at school
They were forced to use it in transac-
lions with the government. They were
always sullen and no matter what fav-
ors Russia offered to them they made
no effort to conciliate the Cars Court
and even refused to recognize him as
the Gar, but spoke of him as the
King of Poland. They claimed that
they were loyal only to Poland and
were continually prating about what
a great nation they had been.
Early History
Polish history processes to go back
to the fourth century, but its history
up to the tenth century is too leg
endary to have much value and eve
at hat period there was little of in
terest. Not until Sigismund 1, sur
named the Great, came to the throne
in 1906 was the country, raised to
prosperity. This ruler was generous
and was well beloved by his people
and he brought about harmony among
the turbulent mobiles. He, however,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

62x

most of their lives darling hitler and
thither and these must be caught on
the wing. Lastly, there are those in
sects which hide in the grass or
among the leaves of shrubs and trees,
and these must be searched out with
keen eyes.
And so, among BIRDS" adds DR..
Allen, 1--WE have probers in the snipe,
sc~ratchers in the grouse and quail,
borers in the w~oodpeckers, fiycatchers
in the swallows and nighthawks, and
cleaners in the blackbirds, thrushes,
vireos and warblers. In each group
we find those notifications of bill.
feet, wings, tail, tongue and eyes which
best fit the birds for securing the in
sects in its particular way"
Without proper protection to bird
life both farm and garden crops and
trees would soon be so ravaged that.
the results would be disastrous. For
this reason the American Forestry AS
ISOLATION is urging the ~arousing Of fur
Their interest in every community in
birds; and p. S. Ridsdale, secretary of
the organization, calls attention to the
fact that the economic benefit to be
derived tberefrom will apply not only
to the individual city or town but to
the entire nation.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

became involved in a war with Rus
STA and lost Smolensk. His son Sigis-
mund II relgned well and finally the
Polish land stretched across cen raj
Europe from the Baltic Sea to the
Dniester with it's west front less than
ninety miles from Berlin and its east
ern border about $50 miles from
Moscow.
The land has always been the hot
bed of intrigues and many European
countries looked upon it's rich land
with covetous eyes and in 1872 it be-
gan to shrink In size. Then came the
second partition when five millions
Of Poles were bluntly told that they
were to consider themselves Prussian
or Russian subjects according to the
new frontiers drawn by the treaty.
Poland was rendered helpless and fell
a victim to Prussian and Russian
trickery. Before they had recovered
there was a third partition. Then the
great Kosciusko, the most chivalrous
figure in Polish history came to the
front. He soon reached America
and fought under General Wash
ington, where he displayed such
military ability that he became a Cen
eral. He returned to his native land
in 1888 and started a revolution. The
common people rallied about him but
the cause was lost although he made
a gallant fight, having three horses
killed beneath him.. He was finally
taken prisoner.
Warsaw had become the seat of gov
eminent of the country in~1550 and
was the scene of Kosciusko's fight, a
terrible battle where. soldiers. civilians,
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

bipd boxes or in crannies about build
ings or in holes in trees. 1t lines the
bottom of the nest with grasses for
the four or five blue-white eggs which
it lays. Sometimes more hardy mem
bers of the bluebird tribe will winter
as far North as Southern New Eng
land.
One of the champion t1y-catchers of
the United States is the Wilson warbler
which darts out from the limb of a
tree and snatches passing insects on
the wing. They also catch insects
which are fitting about or sitting on
he foliage or blossoms of the trees.
The olive green and yellow plumage
of this bird h~armonizes with the green
leaves of the trees. This bird winters
in Central America.
Different Ways OF Catching Insects
Birds are provided by nature with
different kinds of implements-bills,
tongues n so forth-depending on
where and how they hunt out their
insect and other food. Some people
used to have the mistaken idea tina:
woodpeckers injured trees by pecking
holes in them. But the woodpecker
was only digging away to find the
larva or bugs hidden under the bark;
or if he was doing anything else it was
merely to make a nest for his little
family in the decayed hollow of some
limb.
THE group of insect-eating birds
Is large and varied. for there are many
kinds of insects and many ways of
securing them" according to DR.. A. A.
Allen, assistant professor of ornithol-
ogy in Cornell University. Some in
sects live in the soft mud about shores
and marshes and for these the birds
must probe: seme live among the
leaves n harder soil of the forest
moor; and for these the birds must
scratch. Others live in the trunks and
branches of trees and in order to Sc
cure them the birds must be proficient
carpenters and supplied with chisels
Tor gouging. Still other insects spend
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
WHERE THE LAZY THRIVE

Perhaps. among the happiest people
in the world, r the Ekoi, of South
ern Nigeria, on the equator. Here
they pay no taxes. and a few weeks
labor will supply them with food,
clothes and a home for a year, thanks
to the fruitful land. These people
have a superstition that little children
love sweet words. kind looks and gem
tie voices, and If the family into
which they have been re~incarnated is
quarrelsome, they will forsake the
earth until the chance offers to return
again amid more peaceful surround
ings. Dancing is n of their main
occupations. and, on all great fes-
rivals, the chief societies of men.
women and children come up to the
station to give a series of dances.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
PuIaue Trains In Mexico

Pulque, the national drink Of Mex
Eco, is made from the Juice Of the
maguey plant, large tracts Of which
are cultivated outside the City of Mex
leo. AS a rule there are about eight
hundred plants to the acre. The juice
Is extracted by the poems. 1t Is
shipped into town in long trains much
like our milk trains here. The white
liquid tastes like yeast and the con-
sumption Is so great that 1t is equiva-
lent to two quarts a day for each per
son.
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13

A2XTe @eATCU
Birds Are Among the Great
estFriends of Mankind -
1t Is Estimated That With
out Their Help All Plant
Life Would Disappear In
a Few Years.

Copyright, 1919, The International Syndicate.
~ o you know that the birds stand
Abetween you and starvation?
This is a scientific fact, for 1t Is
~ asserted that the earth in a few
wears would be eaten bare of food
crops, grass and other vegetation by
destructive insects If 1t We're not for
our friends and protectors. h birds,
which devour. these bugs and beetles
by the billions and thus hold them in
check. Birds are the first ~lieutenants
in every cleanup campaign. Some of
them even eat mosquitoes, and any
which helps to get rid of these
s0ckers deserves a vote of thank from
humanity. Birds protect the farmers
crops upon which we depend for our
main supply of foodstuffs; they eat
borer worms. larva and other injurious
enemies of The trees: and they attack
the moths, caterpillars and various
bugs that invade the fruit orchard.
Take the case of the late Frederick
the Great. 1t is reported that n day
he saw q flock of sparrows pecking at
some of the cherries among his trees.
In an outburst of passion he Numbered
out a command that every small bird
In the neighborhood be searched out
and killed. He would have no more
OF such destructiveness among his
cherry trees. Within two years the
trees were bare of cherries but they
were producing a fine rop of cater
pillars. Some efficiencyi
Eat Own Weight In Bugs A Day
Birds as a rule are omnivorous eat
ers; and sometimes in a single day a
: bird will eat more than its own weight
of bugs. Stomachs of birds have been
found to contain more than fifty varie-
Ties of insects, while The number of
Individual insects in a stomach has
Perth Amboy evening news., 1919-08-13
Sketch of the Pitiful Con-
dition of That Country
Now So Much In the Pub
lie Eve

tupJ right lOlJt 4 ~ lnLCl - haNHhS
~ NE of the nations which passed
u of existence as the result OF
the policies of the Hohenzollerns
of Prussia. the Hapsburgs OF
Austria and the Romanoffs of Russia
twas Poland. A sympathetic world
listened to the sad story of its dis
tuption and many expressed the hope
that the time would come when that
once proud and happy people would
be united under a Government of their
own. They had felt the hand of OPP
preston and suffered all the ignominy
of a conquered and despised nation.
Their history, IL it can be called his
tory, during the last hundred years
should have taught them to be con
siderate and merciful to those in dis
tress and to hold out a helping hand
to a people struggling for existence
and for the mere right to live in
peace. But now hat they have gained
their freedom and their right to live
1s a separate and independent nation
has been recognized, one of the first
acts to be connived at or at least toll
Grated is the harsh and unjust treat
ment of the Jews.
During the pogroms of long ago n
was led to believe that they were
brought about through the in~stigation
of the clique about the Car, and those
of Kiev and Kitchinoff no doubt had
Huch an origin, but the most recent
ones have occurred in Poland. 1t
seems that whatever may happen
there the Jews are in some way drawn
into the melee and a number killed
and there have been many outrages
against this race since November 7,
1918. These have consisted of looting,
assaults, ~burglaries and fighting. Jews
applying for permits were robbed and
logged, Their religion was even
~ridiculed and many houses were burned
10 the ground.
The daily Alaskan., 1919-01-14
BOWLING TOURNAMENT

The Annual Telegraph Bowling Tournament between Dawson, White Horse, Skagway, Juneau, Treadwell ana Fort Seward, will start Tues- dey evening, January 2lst.
 The Elks Club House Committee advise Us that ths Skagway Elks Team will be composed of the five bowlers making the highest average during the week ending sun day the 18th, selected from among thOsA who bowl ten games or more during that period. All games boWled to count ia making up this avelage. This is open to ladies as well as men. The five best bowlers g. cH the team. Come on everybody. Don't be bashful.
The daily Alaskan., 1919-01-14
U. s. GRANT AGAIN IS
 HEAD OF MOHAIR BODY

Oregon, which ranks fifth as 2 mohair-producing state, was hon. ored al the recent annual conven. tion of the National Mohair Grow ers' association at Phoenix, Ariz., by the election of U. S. Grant, Of DaA- las, as president for the fifth con setutiye term. President Grant, whose flocks in Polk county Are noted for high bred stock, stop. ped over in Portland Saturday on his way home.
 He reports that the war brought On new and permanent uses Of mohair cloth for military uses, sup planting other fabrics with a mixtur ot 50 OCT cent wool for lining aViat- ors' leather jackets, and in less pro- portions for service unifolms and oVercoats, besides other uses in making powder bags, cartridge belts, s2udle girths and other military equioment. For upholstering Pull man cars more than 6,O00,OO0 yards of mohair plush have been used' and +ha annual production of mo- hair in the United States is a bout S,OOO,OOO pounds, of which Oregon puts out 5OO,OOO pounds.
 President Grant is eager to see tbis states production Of mohair increased until the industry becomes che of the foremost in importance as an agricultural resource. Port laDG Telegram.