Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1919-02-11
RUSSIA RESUMING old shape
Special Correspondent Tells Of Con-
ditiOnS as He Saw Them
Army has RESUMED EFFECTIVENESS

The Bolsheviki Revolution Was Based
Upon the Destruction of All Author
ity, But Now the Bolshevists Realize
That II They are to Govern az They
Were Governed They Must Have an
Army Just as Their Former Rulers
Had.
Correspondence Of the New York World.
Berlin (via Copenhagen), February
6-"That is the only army in Europe
immune against revolution" heard
q bystander remark as great columns
of Russian Bolshevik soldiers poured
into Minsk singing 1.-The Internation-
ale."
Dense masses Of men, horses and ar
tillery responded like clockwork to the
commands of smartly dressed young
officers. This was not the Red Guard.
The Red Guard is no more. This was
part Of the so-called Red Army, which
is decidedly different thing. 1t looks
to me IS though there is more Of an
army about it than there is anything
red, but it is called Red because that
Is the popular color.
This is the army that has been biting
its way through to the Baltic sea and
to the Black sea. It has just entered
Kieff, thus adding the breadbox Of
Russia to Lenine's slender larder.
At Minsk the working classes rose
to meet the invader with open arms.
Before the Bolshevik army reached
wilma I saw what looked like the whole
population crowding to organize a
Workman's Committee to welcome it.
The German soldiers helped. Why
these Russian people do not foresee
and rent conscription into this army I
don't understand. They thought they
were welcoming the original Bolshe-
vism. They have not yet discovered
that If Bolshevism means the peasants
taking the land and the workmen TAX
ing the factories Russia is now at one
place where there Is no Bolshevism.
That is one reason why Lenine cannot
care to talk in Bolshevik phraseology.
AS came through no mans land be-
tween the Russian outposts and Ger
many it appeared as though the whole
population except the barons were tin
der awaiting the Bolshevik match. But
the Leninism that this new army Is
advancing is Of a new and hitherto
unheralded type. The Bolshevik lead
ers have slyly forced transformation
which has been about completed since
the German revolution and has given
a greater air of permanency to Le-
mines state.
Surprising Changes That Have Come.
The Bolshevism Of discipline has
features that should make those who
died for the October revolution and
put Lenine into power turn over In
their graves. Besides the return Of the
Mensheviks to the government and
some of the bourgeoisie to run the
government state industries, there is
the most rigid army discipline, largely
under old officers and more than that,
conscription.
When what Lenine calls the con-
structive period began, switch from
the Red Guard to a regular army De-
came necessary. In the old palmy days
the Red Guard could disrupt but not
build the state. It consisted Of armed
workmen and mutinied soldiers. Then
a slip Of paper from any anarchist or
ganization was almost as good as a
Bolshevik pass. The soldiers consider
ed their orders as mere advice. The
dissatisfied minority could secede and
fight its own campaigns.
The surprising unity now Is due only
to a common love for the land and the
factories and a common hatred Of the
officers. Such an army Trotzky found
on his hands when he became war
minister. He has since broken Its WILL
The Brest peace made some Of the SOL
diers break off and continue fighting
the Germans. Trotzky used the sup
posed necessity Of keeping the peace
with Germany to coerce the soldiers at
the front to submit to the central au-
thority.
Trotzky's Difficult Task.
The interior Of Russia was swarmlng
with free willed troops and Moscow
had forty anarchist clubs with connec-
tions in certain regiments when Trotz-
XIV wanted Mierbach to come to Mos
cow. Only the Lettish sharpshooters
i-Lenine's guards-consented to dis
arm then. The tales about Chinese
and Japanese mercenaries are greatly
exaggerated. Certainly they never ter
rorized the population Of Moscow or
Petrograd.
The disarming Of the free willed reg
iments was dangerous game. Trotz-
ky sent many conscripted regiments
against them, who got disarmed them
selves. Once, when Trotzky ordered
the commanders Of a daredevil regi-
ment to come and see him, they came
in an armored train and pointed their
cannon on Trotzky's car during the