davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13

to account for all the guaranteed rail-
road Indebtedness which the unofficial
report figures at $3.50. 500, 600; the OBJ
legations other than railroads, which
the Mexican government has guaran-
teed, the chief of which is the farm
loan banks debts, which, with in
terest to June 80. totals $31. 100000;
the 'infalsificable" issue Of paper
cents. United States currency, is still
outstanding. making a total of S.
100000 more, or the $2o,oo0.ooo WHICH
banks of issue in Mexico City.
The fact that Mexico has paid no
interest on her foreign debt since
1913 also is kept in the foreground
by Washington experts who. for the
State Department.. are keeping close
watch on the financial condition of
Mexico. Experts here also assert
that the Mexican government has
used the entire income of the rail.
roads and express companies without
accounting. and with. no admission of
responsibility.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Five Minutes With Congress.

vited to explain the organization and purposes
of the Chemical Foundation. Inc This hearing
is at the request of Representative J. Hampton
Moore of Pennsylvania, who has charged that
the foundation would create monopoly of the
dye industry in this country through ownership
Of the. thousands Of enemy patents seized during
the war: -'''''''
Subcommittee of the House merchant marine
committee. will continue hearings during the
week preparatory to the committee making a
tentative draft of a merchant marine policy.
Hearings will be continued during the week
by the House patents committee the three
bills urged by a special committee Of the Ma
uonal Research Council: I, to make the patent
office distinct government establishment; 2. to
reorEanize and enlarge the staff of the patent
Office and to increase salaries; and 8, to estab-
lish one court of patent appeals in Washington
of the same character the United States SUI
preme Court.
Secretary of War Baker. testifyins before
the House special investigating committee. de-
Tended the policy Of locating training camps in
the south, for climatic reasons
The House committee reforms in the civil
service will meet Monday to take action on the
bill for civil service retirement system for
age and disability. Chairman Lehlbach expects
that the bill, which carries the support Of the
joint conference of employees will be reported
out with only slight changes.
The only measure passed by the House during
the week was to increase from $4,000 to $50 ,c6J
and to make this annual appropriation TO the
American Printing House for the Blind.
The House discussed The Nolan Sa-a-oay mini
mum-wage bill on calendar Wednesday. Chair
man Good Of the House appropriations commit
tee presented amendment that in figuring the
minimum pay the $3.50 bonus should be con-
sidered. That 49, if Il man is now getting $40
a month, the $40 bonus would bring ii up TO
$50, and therefore he would not qualify for an
increase under the NoIan bill. The National
Fedefation of Federal Employees mastering its
forces to persuade congressman to defeat the
Good amendment %len 1t comes up for a vote IN
the House.
committee introduced on Friday resolution au-
thorizng the Speaker to appoint a select COM
mittee on the budget" to consider :he need for d
budget system and the organization OF budget
commission. This resolution has been referred
to the rules committee, from which an early re-
port is expected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
NEW CUSTODIAN NAMED.
Commander Marsh Naval Library
and War Records Officer,

Charles w. Stewart. superintendent of
tie naval library and war records office.
has been granted an extended leave of
absence because Of continued ill health.
Commander c. G. Marsh. L. S. N, re-
tired. has been placed in charge Of the
two offices.
A plan is under consideration for the
removal OF the library and records from
the State. War and Navy building to
the new Navy building at 18th and B
streets. so that the books and records
may be more accessible to the officers
on duty in the department
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Assigned to Pacific Fleet.

Capt. Frank H. Clark has been de-
tached from command of the U. s. S.
Vermont and assigned to duty as chief
of staff to Vice Admiral Williams.
comma ndinG Squadron of the
Pacific fleet Commander Samuel NJ.
Robinson of the bureau of steam en-
gineering. Navy Department, has been
assigned to duty as fleet engineer on
the stan of Admiral Rodman, COM
manding the Pacific fleet
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
FEARS PROPERTY SEIZURE.
American Company Says Condsca'
ton Is Near in Mexico.

A protest has been lodged with the
State Department by the Yaqui Delta
Land and Water Company. an Amer
icon corporation, asserting that its
property, including an elaborate ir-
rigation system. is about to be con-
fiscated by the government of the
state of Sonora, Mexico.
ing to an official of the State Depart
ment, is entirely clear, land it has
acted exactly as it agreed to do in
its contracts with the government
The state OF Sonora. under the leader
the subdivision of the property.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13

Robinson and Pomerene. The House committee
on interstate and foreign commerce will start
hearings Tuesday with regard to the railroads.
The Senate committee banking and cur
rency in considering the denomination of John
SHELTON Williams to be controller of the
rency is investigating charges made against
the controller of alleged arbitrary acts in his
dealings with national bank officials.
joint committee of the House and Senate.
consisting Of three members from each body.
would visit the Virgin Islands to report on con-
ditons. provided in a requisition introduced
by Senator kenyon of Iowa.
Action upon the Ford-Newberry senatorial
contest has been postponed until August. by
mutual agreement.
A bill has been passed by the Senate giving
wounded soldiers credit on Homestead resi-
dence" for periods spent in vocational training.
The soldiers land grant bill is expected TO be
reported out of the House committee on public
lands during this week
A clearing house for Information concern
ing housing demands and facilities throughout
the country is provided in a bill proposed by
Representative Ilnknam OIL MASSACHUSETTS,
President Wilson received enthusiastic
ovation from spectators in the galleries and
members of the House in the rear of the Senate
seats when he appeared in the Senate to de-
liver his address the treaty of peace The
treaty was presented in open session and
printed in the Congressional Record. the first
procedure of the kind in history.
X \ i X
An investigation into the cost of living in
the District of Columbia with particular refer
ence to the price of foodstuf1s- to ascertain
whether there is -profteerins going on here
will be begun by the Senate District committee
this week. it is expected Legislation to pre-
vent profteering if it is found, may be framed
District day in the House, tomorrow, probably
will give way to the prohibition measure Chalr-
man Mapes had intended to call up the bill,
which has been favorably reported by the Dis
trict committee to establish a retirement system
for age and disability for public school teach
ers in the District, with the government and the
teachers contributing practically on a $500
basis.
Hearings are scheduled for tomorrow and
Tuesday before the ways and means committee,
when Attorney General Palmer, who was for
merly custodian of alien property, and the pres
ent custodian, Francis P Garvan. have been in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Proft-Sharing in japan.

Bonuses averaging from 20 per
cent to 200. per cent have been dis
tributed among the employees Of the
largest shipping and banking firms Of
japan. These firms prohted most by
the European war. The plan Of
sharing profits. however. 10 becoming
popular among the industrial sinstitu-
tions Of that, country,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
CONSOLIDATION OF RAILWAYS .
OPPOSED BY ROBERT S. LOVETT
President of Union Pacific Submits Argu-
ment to Congress Against System of
Grouping for Solution of Problem.
CONSOLIDATION of all the rail-
roads of the United States

1 roads of the United States
into a few large systems
from twelve to twenty-five
as a possible solution of the nations
railroad problem, is opposed by Rob
ert S. Lovett, president of the Union
Pacific railroad, in a memorandum to
members of Congress.
For a considerable period of the war
Judge Lovett was director of the di-
vision of capital expenditures of the
government railroad administration
under William G. McAdoo as director
general. In this position. from which
he has since resigned, Judge Lovet'
had charge of all improvements and
extensions.
Would Impair Credit.
The effect of the proposed consoli-
dation would be in his opinion ito i'm
pair the credit of the strong road
instead Of Improving the credit of the
weak road. The inevitable effect
would be to reduce the average Of the
credit Of all the railroads.
Congress- he asserted, has no
right to compel one railroad to con-
solidate with another. 1t may give one
the right to acquire the property of
the other by condemnation. but it
must pay for it and, here is the diff
Guilty. pay for it in cash
The Underwriting of fabulous
amount must be provided. Will Con
gress appropriate the billions neces-
sary? Have we bankers enough to
provide the money except through a
series of years? And what will happen
to the financial welfare of the country
in the meantime?
my judgment is against the consoli-
dation of all the railroads of the coun-
try into few companies, because
believe the companies will be too large
and unwieldly for efficient and eco
nomical management. I believe that
the absorption of some of the weak
lines by the strong lines. upon fair
terms. should be promoted, but COM
petition in service and facilities should
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
q. S. Banking Resources.

The resources of the national. banks
combined resources Of the national
banks of issue Of England, the Do
minion of Canada. France. Italy. the
Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Den
mark. Japan and Germany, as shown
by their latest available reports. y
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
HUNTING A PRECEDENT
FOR TRIAL OF KAISER
tC.nt,nued from First Page.)

.(Continued from First Page.)
will not be the, first time that crown.
ed head has stood before the bar OF
Justice in that country. Mary queen
Of Scots was tried for high treason
by a commission appointed by queen
Elizabeth. Mary was not an Engnsn
subject and there is considerable DOUBT
as to the legality of the trial. She was
a Scot, and also the dowager Queen OF
France. But she took refuge in Eng.
land to escape her own Scots. who had
risen against her. She was Catholic,
and the Protestant queen Enza oein
and her councillors feared constantly
that Mary would attempt to bring
about a rebellion on the part OF the
Catholics and that she would intrigue
SO as to bring aid to the English
Catholics from Spain. the CHIEF Catho-
lie country of the day.
Mary's Head Cut Of.
1t was upon charge that Mary
had conspired against Elizabeth's life
and in the interests of the Catholics
that she was brought to trial at
Fotheringay castle and condemned
to death. For four months after the
trial. Mary was allowed to live. Then
her death sentence was signed and
she was beheaded at Fotheringay
castle.
stil another royal person whom the
British brought to trial and con-
demned to death-this time an Eng
lish king. to be sure-was Charles 1.
He. too, was charged with high trea-
son. Under the orders of oliver Crom-
well, Charles was tried by the Brit
ish parliament, or so much of. it as
did not run away from the job, found
guilty and was beheaded.
Should the death penalty be infiict-
ed upon the kaiser. what form would
his execution take? Hanging, cleo
trocution or the axe?
While the British have inflicted the
death penalty upon crowned heads in
the past. they also have given asylum
to crowned heads who have been
driven from their own lands. This
was the case with the lesser Bona
parte. Napoleon III, after the bat
tie OF Sedan. England was not a
participant in that war between Ger
many and France, to be sure. After
Napoleon III and his empress. Eu-
genie, had found France too hot to
hold them. they went to England and
established their residence at Chisel-
hurst, and there Napoleon died few
years later, and Eugene lived on for
years.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Morality as Good Policy.

Not only the medical staff. but the
general staff. also impressed on these
men, representing every shade of
American life. that morality. as we'll
as honesty. was the best policy. They
not only taught it, they made it
turn to civil life will carry it to every
city apartment and every country
crossroads in the land.
This does not mean that every re-
turned soldier is paragon of virtue.
or that he will always by example or
moral issue. But it does mean that
he comes out of the Army with a
higher respect for himself and for tn e
manhood and womanhood of America
than when he went in.
This is particularly true of the
overseas soldier. statement which
may not be universally concurred in.
but which. I believe. investigation
will show is correct The reason is
not that one group of our Army is
fundamentally different from the
other. but that the men who went
deeper into the heart of things in
those long. lonely days and weeks
in billets. dugouts and trenches.
In one of Mark Twain's books there
is story of long line of men out
west filing past shanty in mining
crack in the wall at some rare sight
within. The "tenderfoot" got in line,
and after long period of waiting
got his chance to sea woman fry
ing flapjacks. AS boy 1 laughed
loud and long at that story. Now 1
know what utter loneliness can hold
a man in line for an hour or two or
three. if need be, just to see a wom-
an of his own kind. and the pathos
rather than the humor of the story
touches me.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13

Editors note. This is the fourth and
last of a series of articles by Mr.. Ormerod
If The Stars stan. who saw service IN
France with the 18th Field Artillery ana
won the croix de gucrre.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Ex-Soldier Is Conspicuous.

How many times within the last few
months has a headline, "Ex-Soldier
Held by Police" appeared in the press
In any of these cases the man held
may have been an ex-democrat, an
ex-plumber. an ex-Baptlst, an ex-
constable or an ex-most anything
else But the fact that he was one
the colors in the great war gives his
story an added news value, and
whether he stole bottle of old
LIQUOR or a new automobile. his COM
rades in arms must share his oppro-
brium.
Nor are the soldiers themselves in
sensible to this condition. Not in
frequently when a group of men are
on leave the cooler heads will keep
some of the younger men from doing
anything to bring discredit on the
uniform"
So far as the returned soldier is con,
cerned the greatest menace is a PERIOD
of enforced idlenesS. If the men after
being discharged are forced to stand
around, living off their relatives or
the proceeds of one or two liberty
bonds purchased while in the Army,
the value Of their training may be
lost and damage to the men and to the
country follow. Soldiers are prone
to take a job and leave it in few
days or a few weeks. according to
many reports, but the blame Tor this
may be twofold.
II war demands sacrifice. recon-
struction certainly demands patience.
dustrial world was faced with such
a stupendous task as putting 100000
men back to work. IT a soldier gets
put on the kind of work he Is not
suited for the sooner he leaves the
better for both him and his employer.
he
to expect a place that will enable
him to live in the same manner as
he lived before going to war This
means that he must have more money
than he had in 1915. and there IS
going to be wide unrest until he
gets it.
Asset to the Nation.
There have been many appeals to
get the ex-service man to take up
farming. or similar labors. to make
two blades of grass grow where one
or none at all grew before: but II
this proposition was not an attractive
one two or three years ago. it is no
more alluring to him now. 1ntelli-
situation. but at present the soldier
can hardly be blamed IL he looks at
the proposal askance.
whether it is an individual firm.
corporation, a state legislature or the
national Congress that is planning
some proper method of treating with
the returned soldier. they should
realize that in these men the nation
has a rare asset. They have been
"hand- picked from every part OF the
country: their physical condition is
vouched for by the greatest corps OF
medical experts in the country; their
morals are known to be equal to. il
not superior to. the morals OF any
other group in the world: their abil-
inv has been proven by their defeat
Of the flower Of Hundom: their cour-
age has been tested at Cantigny and
Chateau Thierry, at scissors and In
the Champagne region, at st. Mihiel
and in the Argonne forest. Gentlemen,
what will you bid?
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
not only be preserved. but. should be
extended"
Pooling of Earnings Also Opposed.

4OoAAA6 VI ASo4 AAA6o &AAoS SFESoS>e'
Judge Lovett also opposed the plan
which has been discussed for pooling
the net earnings of railroads by di-
viding them into groups and estab-
fishing rates sufficient to yield per
cent or some other specified return
on the book value of each group.
Earnings in excess of the average.
he pointed out, would be set aside
for the Improbable roads that earn
less.
THE substantial object sought" he
declared, "is to take. directly or in
directly. from the stockholders of the
prosperous roads net earnings OF
their properties and give the same to
the security holders of the weak
roads" Congress, he said. was with
out power to do this: it would be
the taking of private property for
public use without just compensation.
contrary to the fifth amendment OF
the Constitution. and would be gross
ly unfair to the owners of the ef :,
ficient roads and also to the public
Suggestion put forward by many
financiers and railroad men that the
government should guarantee fair
dividends on the full value Of the
railroads and leave the management
in the hands of the railroad owners.
was characterized by Judge Lovett
as impracticable because he did not
believe the government would take
all the risk and none of the profits.
If a small return. of ., or 4 per
cent were guaranteed. he said. this
would not be SUFFICIENT to pay the
interest on bonds already outstand-
ing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
DISCHARGED SOLDIERS
HAVE OWN LAND BILL
Continued from First Page.)

men in the military and naval service
This affords an opportunity for al
lowing the soldier to settle in any
state he prefers and to prevent the
money being wasted on arid land
reclamation.
AS a still further protection along
this line, the Kelly bill would set up
certain definite standards for land
devoted to agricultural purposes. ex
pressed in capacity to earn fair llv-
ing for the occupants.
Forest, mineral land and water
power development are sought in the
Kelly bill to give permanence to the
enterprise. Organization of logging
and milling operations in forest areas
on public lands and the establishment
of perma nent communities of workers
on mineral lands and the establish
ment of mining operation thereon
are directed by the bill. Development
and utilization of water power on the
public domain and connection with
navigable streams is one of the ways
in which the returning soldiers are to
be given interesting, valuable, prac-
tically permanent work.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Homes for 100000 Soldiers.

Sergt Hugh Jeffries. president of the
American Military Reform Associa-
ton. is supporting the Kelly bill He
says that under this plan there would
be provided an opportunity for 1907
900 soldiers to secure farm homes all
within the states in which they lived
at the time they entered the service
on an average loan of $1,000 to each
soldier with the maximum that could
be loaned to any one soldier $4,000.
It provides for projects in every
state in the Union, he explains. but
not to exceed so per cent of the
money appropriated for any state ma y
be used in projects. the balance to go
toward providing farm homes not in
cluded in the projects. and as far as
possible land chosen by the soldier
himself.
1t builds up safeguards against the
evils of political or other patronage,
and affords an opportunity to get the
counsel advice and desires of the
soldiers regarding a project
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Guaranty No Collateral.

"It would make doubly secure what
is already abundantly secured" he
continued, but it would AFFORD no
collateral for new issues nor secure
new loans.
1.-The, importance of re-establishing
railroad credit cannot be overesti-
mated" said Judge Lovett. but. new
erless. / am persuaded that no guar.
anty short of a return upon the full
value of railroad property will be
helpful to that end, and that a guar
anty of full value is not PRACTICABLE
without government operation. which
regard as beyond present discuss
Sion.'' -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-07-13
Reverence for Womanhood.

There were many soldiers in France
not in the combatant forces who felt
little of this heart hunger. The for
tune of war was kind enough to
place them in villages untouched by
the flame and not overrun with other
soldiers. Here they became a part
of the village life. and found Marie
and Jeanne fair substitutes for Mary
not SO fortunate, and when one glo-
rious morning we saw the Statue of
Liberty smiling at US across the har-
Dor waters it meant more to US than
Bartholdi intended. 1t symbolized
the womanhood of America, our
homes we had left them to defend.
IN the tumble of mail that comes
every day to the city desk Of a met
ropolitan newspaper l picked up the
other day a copy of the Pioneer pub
lished weekly by the 9Th United States
Engineers. now in the army of occu-
patton in Germany. 1t is a. real mans
paper. with a lieutenant for editor
in-chief and a sergeant for managing
editor. The following is from an edi-
torial, headed Watch Your Step:
Our mothers. sisters and sweet
hearts have right to expect that
you'll come home just as clean and
honorable as you left the States, and
any deviation from this is going to
make you out as dishonorable cad.
IF you are fortunate enough to have
had girl back home. you'd expect to
find her just the same sweet. pure and
faithful girl-then why not a fifty
fifty proposition? Just think it over
about five minutes and then ask your
self-are you bee or a buzzard?"
Touch of Old Chivalry.
Isn't that pretty good coming from
. regiment that sewed on it's third
service stripe last month? And just
to make il more binding" as they
say in the Army. there comes to hand
a copy of The Watch on the Rhine
published by the Sd Division, which
reprints the foregoing editorial in
full. The last named paper has an
editorial stafr composed of one COM
missioned officer. two non-coms and
six privates. which makes it a repre-
sentative organ.
The soldier coming back from
abroad may be slow to admit il. but
think most of them have been
touched with something of the old
spirit of true chivalry. Not the chiv :
airy that kneels before milady OF
rank and regards the peasant girl as
a chattel, but which rather looks on
womankind in general as a great. en-
nobling influence. Measured by the