, 1919-05-08

or personal intercourse between the
nationals of the covenant breaking
state and the nationals of any other
state, whether a member of the league
or not.
1t shall be the duty of the council
In such cas- to recommend to the sew
eral governments concerned what eff
fective military or naval forces the
members of the league shall severally
contribute to the ornaments of forces
to be used to protect the covenants
of the league.
The members of the league agree,
further. that they will mutually sup
port one another in the financial and
economic measures which are taken
under this article, in order to minimize
the loss and inconvenince resulting
from the above measures, and that
they will mutually support one anoth-
er In resisting any special measures
aimed at n of their number by the
COMMUNICATING state, and that they
viii take the necessary steps to afford
passage through their territory to the
forces of any of the members of the
league which are cooperating to pro-
tect the covenants Of the league.
Any member of the league which
has violated any covenant of the
league may be declared to be no long
er a member of the league by a vote
of the council concurred in by the
representatives Of all the other mem
bers of the league represented thereon.
ARTICLE SEVENTEEN.
In the event of a dispute between a
member of the league and a state
which is not a member of the league,
or between states not members of
the league, the state or states not
members of the deague shall be
invited to accept the obligations of
membership in the league for the pur-
poses of such dispute, upon such con-
ditions as the council may deem just.
If such invitation is accepted, the pro-
visions of articles twelve to sixteen
Inclusive shall be applied with such
notifications as may be deemed nee
essary by the council.
Upon such invitation being given,
the council shall Immediately instt.
tute an inquiry into the circumstances
OF h dispute and recommend such
action as may seem best and most eff
fectual in the circumstances.
II a state SO invited shall refuse to
accept the obligations of membership
In the league for the purposes of such
dispute, and shall resort to war
against a member of the league, the
provisions of article sixteen shall be
applicable as against the state taking
such action.
If both parties to the dispute, when
so invited, refuse to accept the obliga-
lions Of membership in the league for
the purposes of such dispute. the coup
Gil may take such measures and make
such recommendations as will prevent
hostilities and will result in tho set
Element Of the dispute.
ARTICLE EIGHTEEN.
Every convention or international
engagement entered into henceforward
by any member of the league, shall be
forthwith registered with the secreta-
riat and shall, as soon as possible, be
published by 1t. No such treaty or
international engagement shall be
Dlnulng until so registered.
ARTICLE NINETEEN.
The assembly may from time to
time advise the reconsideration by
members of the league of treaties
which have become inapplicable, and
the consideration of international con-
ditions whose continuance might en-
danger the peace of the world.
ARTICLE TWENTY.
The members of the league sew
orally agree that this covenant Is ac.
cepted as abrogating all obligations or
understandings inter Sc which are In.
consistent with the terms thereof, and
solemnly undertake hat they will not
hereafter enter into any engagements
Inconsistent with the terms thereof.
ARTICLE TWENTY-oNE.
Nothing in this covenant shall be
deemed to affect the validity Of inter-
national engagements, such as treaties
of arbitration or regional understand.
ings like the Monroe doctrine for Sc
curing the maintenance of peace.
ENTIRELY newt
ARTICLE TWENTY-FIVE.
~ NAOSC tOiOhiCo dhu tCfEllOIlt1
which, as a consequence of the late
war, have ceased to be under the SOW
ereignty of the states which formerly
governed them and which are inhab.
tied by peoples not yet able to stand
by themselves under the strenuous
conditions of the modern world. there
should be applied the principle that
the well-being and development of
such peoples form a sacred trust of
civilization n that securities for the
performance of this trust should be
embodied in this covenant.
The best method Of giving practi-
cable effect to this principle is that
the tutelage of such peoples be in
trusted to advanced nations who. by
reason of their esources. their expe-
rience or their 0aoRraphfca nOEifion