davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
Americans First.

II Is time for Us TO forget every
thing but that; TO forget our selfish in
terests. our rivalries and chickering's \
10 remember that we are Americana
first. al workers together in a common
destiny of useful labor under free in
situations, which though they may be
faulty. rs al things human are faulty.
are the creation Of our own hants.
the hands % treemen. and viii le
meudcd as wisdom Is given 70 Us In the
progress 81 our experiences.
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
lQ}Il74H zEBazZ!Z. G

~ OTutNG could have been more
~ conducive 10 real conviyiality
among the workmen % past
days than the annual shows az Shrews-
bury. England. Prom morning 20 night
the second Monday after Trinity sun
day was a real time " pleasure Back
50 far In the history % England that
u Is recorded as thine out 81 mind. ="
one OF the kings OF the country con
irlbuted u portion ~ land to the crafts
men. to be divided among the various
guilds. IN kingslsnd suburb % Old
Shrewsbury. each guile buih It's aar-
Dor. OF hall. IN which 60 oifcr huSpi-
tality. especially during fair time
During the day TIE procession Afforded
entertainment. but 81 hen this rart ~
the fair program WAS over each guild
F~yalrci 60 - hsrhcv. where singing
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

TINS changed public opinion has been
gradual through constant agitation.
education and organization. but Il has
been quickened the past two years be-
cause Of organized labor's prompt ac-
ceptance OF autocrucy's challenge
against democratic ideals.
Organized labor has not depended
upon words to prove its patriotism. It's
whole-hcarted support OF the govern
ment IN the crisis Of war should be
sufficient answer 10 any query on this
subject. This support was OF the kind
that BELTS men and women imhued
with our republics ideals. aud who
realize that when a government that Is
founded on these ideals falls the loss
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
CONVERSATIONS

The puddies ln lhr holes IN The pave
inert ~ - Southwest boulevard Kan
-as CITY. xos 10 hc 20 large that some
body puf ~ signs. NO Fishing Al
lowed
Peru aas fortunate during the wRr
An having Tor sale one product. sugar.
,hs deruand Tor which never slaskencd.
out u eight hundred thousand woin'
en- In Texas emily 1900 paid their nee
.ssnry poll tax In expectation u So,-
sne on future elections d The year.
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

fnrppean esrcrimentcrs have found
that adding from so ca 60 PER cent
Of graphite 70 negative are tixht car
hons pre'iuees stable arr ant ~
duccs he shadow.
The men 80 rnriueal as class.
have thr rcpaie'lon % being tn, hsS,
dressed Ia ,hc vvrld.
Grapefruit was introduced into FLOR.
de ~ the Spanlar,is. The true name
% the fruit Is ''pomclo.~
Queen Elizabeth was exceedingly
superstitious. and she took the pre-
caution 10 consult an astrologer hefore
naming the day for her coronafion-
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
u. S. TO BUILD GIANT SHIPS
Liners Larger Thar Any Now Ahoa,
Are sela1 Planned BY
Shipping Beard.

Washington. n. C--Two gigantic
oe~an liners. iarxcr than any now
sfioas and designed to crcss the Allan
nc m naur days. are 10 be built by the
shipping board. They will be iooo
fset long and Of thirty-knot speed and
viii be equipped for use as commerce
destroyers In the event OF war.
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

paraded on Labor
day, more than
thirty years ago,
their motives were
q estiOn e d In
IN a ny instances
u n d newspapers
gave them scant
publicity.
This year. when
the hosts OF or
ganlzed labor. now
numbering 3,OOO.-
600 m q IN b ers
march. they will
be acclaimed by
those who former
ly even denied
flpir nuFnpep
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

r'rhey charge FOR putting on .
tabiccioth and forks and spoons ,' ex
claimed the man who was studyina
the restaurant menu.
Don't say anything about IT.
whispered his wife. III you discus
Il In such a way as 20 bring u 20 ger
eral attention they'll probably thin
they ought to collect a luxury tax
addltioa-
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

y reached home several days ago. he
believes the injury he suffered from
the horse was responsible for his early
return 70 this country and his dis
charge. He served FOR two weeks in
the heaviest fighting In the Argonne
forest with n unit Of engineers. and
later was In Paris hospital for sew
ersl weeks with influenza and pneu-
monia.
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

Announcement was made hy the
board that plans Tor the ships had been
completed and that WORK on them
would be started In the near future.
II = proposed 70 provide a special ter
mlnal Tor them az Fort Pond BAY. l. l..
and Il mas be that two similar liners
viii be constructed later.
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

confidence In the
trade-uniOn move
Ilent. There have
been tests an d
crises that have
proved its funda-
mental principles ;
there have been
opportunities that
have tested its
prac tical eff
cheney. Through
tn G m all I h e
trade-uniOn move
ment has made
sure progress and
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
clad Herse 49, t,im.

Mlhiintown. PA am thankful
that horse kicked me in the face on
January To- private John A. Allen
OF Thompsontown announced when
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28

A cooperative bungalow colony for
bachelor girls Is soon to be established
In one Of the suburbs OF London. Ont
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
ARE PATRIOTS ALL
Trade Unionists Have Proved
Worthy Of High Position
They Occupy.

When the comparatively few trade
uniOnlsts OF our various communities
The Filer record. (Filer, Idaho) 1919-1930, 1919-08-28
PASSED ALL TESTS
Organized Workers of America
Properly Proud of Labor
Organizations.

Labor day. 1919. brings to the work
ers Of America the right to cheer and
Evening journal., 1919-02-20
JUDGE GRAY DRAWS LESSON FROM WASHINGTON'S LIFE;

"The time had come for the repre-
sentatives OF the Colonies In Congress
assembled TO recognize their common
cause. and TO provide FOR united action
In It's defense. A proposition was there
fore made, and carried. that the New
England troops which were then be-
siegins Boston should be adopted as
Continental Troops, and that a Com
mander-in-Chief should be appointed.
No better evidence is required OF the
pre-emlnence and weight Of Washing
toms character, than that at the very
beginning all eyes turned 10 him for
this position, and that upon the nomin-
alton OF John Adams, who was not
free from the sectional bias OF his time,
he was unanimously chosen Command
er-in-Chlef OF the forces raised and 10
be raised thereafter. In language OF
becoming modesty, he accepted the DO
sition thus thrust upon him. and be-
san the great career so indissolubly
connected with the history Of our
country.
Time does not permit today TO dwell
upon even the salient points Of this
career. We cannot. however. properly
appreciate The story Of The Revolution
and Washington's part In IT, until we
pass from the heroic glamor that sur
rounds that period, and view the facts
as they were. during that great epic.
In the cold lieht OF history. Il was not
TO be his fortune 10 command an army
well equipped and well disciplined, and
lead them AGAINST the trained troops OF
The British Sovereign. and demonstrate
his own military genius by the achieve
ment OF glorious military success. He
was to encounter a more trying task
when he took command under the old
Elm Tree at CAMBRIDGE, OF the forces
there assembled, on July 2nd, i775 10
Is true that the patriotic impulse which
followed the AFFAIRS OF Concord. Lex
ington and Bunker Hill. and porvaded
the Country. had brought together In
considerable numbers the militia and
raw levies from the New England Col
onles. animated by the true spirit Of
American freemen. But they were I'M
and without organization,
the troops unused to obey. the officers
for the most part unaocustomed to COM
mand. Most Of the men had enlisted
only 10 the end Of the year. There
was no fund for their payment, no
worthy OF the name:
few old field pieces manned by un-
trained gunners constituted the artll-
lery, and such a deficiency Of powder,
we are told that barrels Of sand,
marked as powder, were rolled into
camp TO conceal from the troops a sit |
nation so discouraging.
Evening journal., 1919-02-20

attacks, sought 10 undermine his In
fluence with the Congress and the army
and destroy the popular prestige of his
name. The patient dignity and self
respecting courage with which all this
was enduced, whatever the bitterness
OF his spirit must have been, constitute
now one Of the most interesting pages
in the history Of our Revolutionary
struggle.
EARLY In the next summer, Howe
having resigned, Sir Henry Clinton. who
succeeded him, determined TO take the
troops that had occupied Philadelphia,
by an overland march 10 New York.
His force was large, well disciplined
and well equipped. Washington, how
ever determining TO hsrass, II he could
not intercept, him, emereed from his
cantonments, crossed the Delaware. and,
overtaking the British army at Mon
mouth, succeeded, notwithstanding the
treachery Of General Charles Lee. In
inflictins a serious blow upon the en-
envy. which injured the prestige and
marole OF the British forces and Illus
trated his own military ability.
Il can only refer In the briefest man
ner 10 Washington's conduct of the war,
from his retirement TO Morristown,
after the Battle Of Monmouth, to the
surrender OF CORVALLIS at Yorktown,
In 81. This period OF more than three
years. though signalized by no great
battles, was as important 10 the coun-
try as any IN Washington's military ca
reer. Sir Henry Clinton was still oc-
cupying New York, with we'll drilled
and well appointed force, superior In
numbers 10 any army under Washing
tons command. This called forth an
exhibition on Wash iston's part OF the
highest mental and moral qualities.
II was his unceasing vigilance, enduring
patience. quickness Of Judgment, STRAIT
egical and tactical ability Of a high
order, and withal the control he main
tained over his troops by the flrmness
and dignity Of his own moral char
acier, that enabled him 10 hold the
British army In New York at hay. TIE
had 10 contend with the continuing
conditions arising from failure or sup
plies. the lack Of funds for the payment
Of the troops, which occasioned the
serious mutlny Of the Pennsylvania Line
in 1850, and with the disaffection Of
the country In which he was operat-
Ing.
watching for and gusrdlnS against
attacks by the troops In New York upon
The surrounding country. Washington
was compelled. with his slender re-
sources, to extend his lines on both
sides OF the Hudson and across the
boundary Of Connecticut, In a ceaseless |
vigil. Later, he occupied and fortified
both banks OF the Hudson near West
Point, TO counterfeit the British strate- |
Ky Of an expedition from Canada down
he Hudson TO Join hands with Sir |
Henry Clinton's forces from New York. |
By this strategy, Il was contemplated /
hat the intercourse between New Eng |
and and New YorR with the Middle |
and Southern States would be effect
Evening journal., 1919-02-20
Appealed for Relief
of Suffering Troops

"Seven months afterwards came
washinston's march across New Jersey
ard through Pennsylvania and Della
ware. to intercept lord Howe In his
expedition for the capture OF Phila-
delphia Here, again, at the Battle Of
Chadd's Ford, on the Brsndywine. he
bravely fought losing battle against
superior numbers, and though COM
PEELED to retire, Il was far from a rout.
In fact, so skillfully conducted was
his retreat TO and across the Schuyl-
XIII, above Philadelphia, that Lord
Howe, who occupied that city during
he memorable fall and winter OF n
and rs. failed TO follow up his advsn-
age. Here, too, as Delswareans. we
must again pause to do honor TO the
memory OF that splendid Delaware Reg
ment that stood Its ground so heroicly
It B-andywine and Germantown. and
If whom history records It's line was.
never broken, no. not in the hottest
lre.'
This and other affairs during the
autumn OF I'M were followed by what
may be well called the Winter Cam
paisn' at Valley Forge. Here. instead
OF active warfare with It's inspirlting
in0ioents' ne was again confronted with
Evening journal., 1919-02-20
Long March Forced
COrnUaIIis Surrender

Washington needs no swelling phrase
10 give it that pre-emlnence which Is
accorded 10 Il. not only by his own
country, but by the whole elvilized
world. The unadorned story OF his life
and OF the career 10 which he was
called IN the service Of his country,
sufficiently justlfles that prominence.
"As we look back upon the history
Of his military services, we are struck
with their unique character. AS have
before pointed out he was called upon,
not only 10 command such military
forces as could be gathered, but he was
called 10 create an army worthy Of the
name, under conditions never confront.
ed by a commander who eventually
achieved a success so astounding lie
was under no illusions In accepting the
position thus rendered him. At the time
Of undertaking what he called this great
trust and responsibility, In June IS.
he wrote: I have been called upon, by
the unanimous voice Of the Colonies, TO
take the command Of the Continental
Army. ! am now embarked upon a
tempestuous ocean, from whence, per-
haps, no friendly harbor is 10 be found
His forecast Of the future was not
for The history Of the seven
long years that lay before him, as !
have already said were not signalized
by a series OF military successes or
spectacular battles, In which he was TO
shine as the victorious hero, but by
a long struggle, with poverty OF re-
sources, dividend counsel, the want OF
power In the Congress 10 raise a rev.
enue, except by requlsition on thirteen
widely separated states, and by The
prevalence OF popular disaffectlon,
which again and again impeded his ut
most efforts 10 unity and strengthen
the resistance to the military power Of
the Mother Country. II was the TN
courage, the sublime faith In
the justice OF his Country's cause. and
the saving common sense with which
he encountered to. the end these OBJ
stacles, physical and moral. that now
constitute the enduring fabric Of his
fame as a military commander, a wise
statesman and an inoorruptlble patriot.
Evening journal., 1919-02-20
Generals Personality
Held Troops Together

his heroic services, and his utter IN
selflshness, gave him a hold upon the
people, such as few or no leaders known
10 history have ever possessed.
But survey OF Washington's char
soter would be incomplete, If Il were
confined to his military career. History
paints no scene more impressive. nor
one more sacred to the heart or an
American, than that OF Washington re-
signing his commission 10 the Contl-
mental Congress. az Annapolis. at the
conclusion Of the Treaty OF Peace. tie
sought no reward from the country ne
had so we'll served. but was content
TO share with his fellow citizens what
ever the future had In store for them.
No mean and vulgar ambition ever
found lodgment In his breast. ana, liko
modern Cincinnatus. he sheathed his
sword and retired quietly to The home
he loved so we'll II was not however,
Indolent ease that he sought in his re-
tlrement. His heart and mind were
still filled with the snxietes that had
so long oppressed him, concerning tile
dangers, political and social. that threat
ened by reason OF the imperfect union
OF the confederation of states which had
succeeded the colonies. His long and
trying experience. as Gommsnder-in-
Chief, OF the evils arising from this
want OF union and co-operstlon-frst
among the colonies and then among the
states-gave him, perhaps, livelier
sense OF the perlls arising from those
chaotic conditions than was the case
with many other prominent and pa
triotc men of the revolutionary period
II was the burden Of his speech and OF
his writings during this critical period
In our history. Friction and jealousies
Evening journal., 1919-02-20
Retirement Conducted
With Masters Skill

"These were the conditions, more
than tho presence OF the English army
In Boston. that tried wsshlngton's soul.
With indomItable purpose. he addressed
himself 10 the formidable task, and by
his own unfaltering courage and de-
termination. heartened the men under
his command, and out OF this chaos
he accomplished at length an organi-
zation and discipline which enabled
him 10 hold the British forces In Bos-
ton In a state Of siege, and anally, after
eight months, In March I6. TO compel
their evacuation OF that city.
we then follow him In his march
/, from Cambridge TO New York. TO meet
the forces gathering under the Howes
for the occupation OF that city, and
we ell know the story OF the gallant
resistance made by the little army into
which he infused his own spirit against
the immensely superior forces arrayed
against him on Long Island, a resist
snce fruitless. except in It's demon
stratlon Of the courage OF the Amer
lean troops and the mastery retreat
conducted by Washington across the
East River.
"The affair at White Plains and the
retirement OF his army, after c0nsld-
cradle losses, across the Hudson and
finally across the Delaware, could only
have been conducted by a master OF
the military art and with troops who
had faith in. their commander and had
been subjected 20 the discipline which
so earnestly insisted upon.
these were not the spec
tacular successes the country awaited,
and they were sorely trying 10 the
Of the little American army. so
sadly reduced In numbers.
I'VE may well pause moment here,
to recall with iustlnable state pride
the splendid part played on Long Is
land and az White Plains by the Della
ware Regiment, which, with the Mary
land line. stood the hrunt OF the light
ing against superior numbers and con-
tributed much 10 save tho American
army from rulnous defeat.
Though the Declaration OF 1ndepend-
ence had been promulgated by the Con-
gress while Washington was confront
ing Howo's troops on Long Island. the
spirit OF the country was never at a
lower ebb than II was In the months
Immediately succeeding that great event.
These were indeed days that tried mems
souls. The occupation OF New York
by the enemy In overwhelming force.
which Wsshlngton's utmost endeavors
had failed 10 prevent, naturally created
dependency throughout the country
which weakened the sentiment in sup
port OF the cause OF independence. Il
is hard. In these days OF our own milf
tary efficiency, with millions OF men
= In the field. we'll oreanized. offlcered.
disciplined and equipped, with all the
auxiliary agencies for the comfort OF
the soldiers which unbounded resources
and a united and loyal people could
create. to imagine the situation which
Evening journal., 1919-02-20

closed doors and little Is known. ex-
cept from private diaries, OF rs ,zaiiy
procedure. Firm in It's purpose 10 re-
slst the aggressive acts OF the pariia-
ment Of the Mother Country upon the
rights and liberties or the Colonies. the
hope was stlll cherished by many that
the manifestation OF this resomie pur-
pose would be needed, and that a
course so obviously impolitic and un-
Just and so hostile TO the Interests
OF England herself. would not be per-
severed ir.
The work OF the convention result
ed In a petition 10 the King, drafted
by our own Dickinson, an address 10
the people OF Great Britain, and a me-
mortal TO the inhabitants OF The Brit
lsh Colonies, which will ever remain
among the great State Papers of the
English speaking people and which ex-
torted a eulosy from Lord Chatham In
the British Parliament. With this. the
Congress adjourned. What was WASH
lngtons snare In the discussions which
took place, we cannot know. We do
know, however from his letters prior
TO the assembling OF Congress. that he
was firm In the opinion that the en-
AA1NNiAAhNHto VI 1ltdl DTlldln upon MNdI
he considered the rights and liberties
OF the Colonies. should be resisted az
all costs, though he may have shared
in the hope that the protests OF the
Congress might have the effect Just al
luded to.
There Is, however, testimony from
a high quarter as to the weight and
influence OF WASHINGTON In the delb-
erations OF the Congress II Is related
that. soon after Patrick Henry returned
home, upon being asked whom he
thought the greatest man 10 the Con-
gress, he replied, II you speak Of elo-
quence, Mr. Rutledge OF South Carolina
Is by far the greatest orator, but II
YOU speak OF solid information and
sound Judgment, Colonel Washington Is
unquestlonably tho greatest man on
the floor
Events were now rapidly preparing
for the crucial period OF American his
tory, as well as OF Washlngton's car
Ger. American blood had been split
at Concord and Lexington in April OF
i775, and the Paul Reveres OF all The
Colonies had spread The alarm far and
wide, and the atmosphere in which
The second Congress assembled In Phil
adelphia in the following month OF
May, was vibrant with the pervadlns
popular excitement. The Battle OF
Bunker Hill had followed Ia June, aud |
the Massachusetts, and neishboripS Col |
onies OF New England had massed their |
hastily collected militia at Cambridge. !
Evening journal., 1919-02-20

with the surrender OF CORVALLIS
Washington's strictly military career
closes, although he continued in COM
mand Of the army until after the pre-.
! liminary treaty Of peace was signed, y
Paris, and proclaimed here In April
1888 eighteen months after the sur
render at Yorktown, And yet, this pc.
riod Of military quietude, without start
ling incidents, tried the temper and
tested the strength Of Washlngton's
character The chaotic condition OF
the public finances, the inability TO
meet the just demands OF the troops
who had borne the stress and burden
Of The long war. and the mutlny that
was threatened In consequence, called
again upon Washington for the exer.
else OF those great qualities Of mind
and heart which had so often displayed
their influence in overcoming the DIM
culties that surrounded him. His af-
fectlng speech 10 the officers or the
army whom'he had summoned before
him on hearing Of their discomfort and
threatened action, portrays the serious
ness OF the situation and the moral in
tuence with which he was able TO over
come their resentments, and turn their
discomfort into loyal devotion TO him
self and 10 the country.
waiting for the evacuation or New
York by the British forces, il was not
until December 's3, that he was enupleu.
by The disarmament OF his own army. to
proceed to Annapolis. where the Con.
gress was then sitting, and on the
23rd OF that month, in the presence OF a
gathering. In speech be-
fitting the simple dignity and sincerity
of his character he resigned his com
mission into the hands OF the Congress
The ceremony being ended. he with
drew from the Assembly, Invested Of
his official character and sustaining no
other rank than that OF a private citi-
zen. Thus ended his military career;
and looking back upon 10. we may all
be proud OF the simplicity OF the scene
In which It closed and OF the illustrl-
Gus man who made it memorable.
1T Is hard to conflne eulogy within
those bounds OF moderation which good
taste prescribes, but the character Of