davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1919-02-01
WEATHER PREDICTION
INDICATES FAIR
WEATHER FOR
next week
(By Associated Press.)

(By Associated Press.)
n Washington, Feb. 1.-Rain on Mon
day, probably clearing on Tuesday;
generally fair thereafter with temper.
ature slightly above normal, is pre-
dicted for the Southeastern States for
the coming week.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1919-02-01

No enc nsed fear coming 10 FiOri-
DE- because OF ailigators. Thez are
uow as much Of cariosities to Fiorid-
iAns a. thsy have been to toarists.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1919-02-01
LAKELAND FLORIDA, SATURDAY, FEB. !, 1919
WOUNDED GEORGIA
SOLDIERS TO
! Reach \. Y.
On FEB, 9Th

fBy Associated Press.)
Washington, Feb. Casual COM
panies containing Georgia soldiers are
due to arrive at New York Feb, on
the battleship North Carolina.
The Lakeland evening telegram. (Lakeland, Fla.) 1911-1922, 1919-02-01
lo,ooo,ooo,o Francs
Advanced To Belgium
By The Allied Nations

medium of speech seems to be un
necessary"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Shipping Board Aids
Coal Export Trade
NctD York Tribune
Wdshtn0tOu Ruren,I

WASHINGTON, May 27.-.The Gre
alton of. a new department to be known
as the department. of coal exports was
announced to-dayeby the United States
Shipping Board. 1t will be under the
direct control of the division of oper-
ations, of, which John IT. Rosseter is
the director.
H. Y. Saint, of Seattle, who is to be
! in charge of the new department. has
called meeting to be held in Wash
iington, Thursday, May 20, at 1880
? a. M, to which producers, shippers and
exporters of coal are invited for a
general and preliminary discussion of
the export coal situation and for sug
gestions as TO the best means Of en-
ploying shipping board tonnage to aid
in the development Of that trade.
"The Shipping Board" Mr.. Rosseter
said to-day, 'is greatly Interested in
developing American. coal exports. but
$3.50 much of our tonnage had to be
devoted to food relief. service we have
not had tho necessary ships adequatelv
TO serve the trade. Happily the time
has now come when we can plan in a
constructive way for the development
I'of our coal exports. '~'sir,f
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
President of Standard Oil
Co. of New Jersey Finds
Law of Supply and De-
mand More or Less Fallacy
True Base Is Productivity
Joint Conference Plan That
Has Been i'm Force Past
Year Proves Great Success

W. c. Teaglc, president Of the Stand
ard Oil Company of New Jersey, in dis.
cussing yesterday changing aspects OF
industry in connection with the. So
called industrial relationship plan of
his company, declared that the law OF
supply and demand IS more or less g
fallacy in so far as it regards labor and
capital.
"The true value of labor is the wealth
it produces; the less it produces the
less there is to share up in the COM
munity," said Mr.. Teagle. "And I,want
to add this, basing my opinion on the
results obtained during the last year by
the company of which am president:
There is no problem of industry which
may not be successfully solved.
"The Standard Oil Company of New
Jersey for the last year has been work
ing under joint conference industrial
relationship plan, involving the rela-
tlons-some of them complex-of II ,119
employees in five refincries.
An Industrial Record
ut is perhaps a record in the in
dustrial history Of this country that
the various wage increases and adjust
ments made during the last year by
our company have all been settled in
joint conferences between the en-
ployes and the management, and in
conformity with the announced policy
OF the company Of paying at least the
scale of wages prevailing in the local
tiles in which its plants are situated.
The Importance Of the wage decisions
reached in these joint conferences is
indicated by the fact that during the
year there has been added approx
mately S5,0OO,O00 to the annual pay
roll of the company.
line joint agreement adopted year
ago has been ratified by the rcpresen-
tatives of all the refneries, and, as it
continues to be in the interest of all
parties to the agreement, will be the
basis of the companys labor policy.
There has been, am glad to say, no
reservation on either side; and in
all discussions common ground of
advantage invariably has been found.
The true note is mutual advantage and
common interest. The results covering
the initial year of the operation of the
plan afforded abundant proof of the
success of the experiment.
Falacy That Causes Failure
Many people have come to believe
that the so-called law Of supply and de-
mand is fallacy underlying most of
the failures of the industrial system
of the last two or three generations.
The Right Honorable w. Adamson,
British member of Parliament and la
Dor leader, is one of those who ques-
tlons this principle, declaring that it is
no system at all which allows shoe
maker to be out of work while thou
sands go unsh?d. The same is true of
the tailor, the butcher, the baker, and
all other trades. The law of supply
and demand in the past has been so
dogmatically asserted that labor has
accepted it., and logically deduced
therefrom that if values were created
by supply and demand, then the less
the work performed the more valuable
labor would become. The true value
of labor is the wealth it produces; the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
less 1t produces the less there 10 to
share up in the community.
Productivity of Labor

49,
Productivity of Labor
"In other words, it may we'll be
argued that, instead of the law of sup
ply and demand being the controlling
factor to-day, the controlling fsctor
actually is the productivity of labor.
Mr.. Pomeroy Burton, few days ago
in an able address upon English labor
conditions, pointed out that the chief
error of trades unionism in Engla nd
has been its deliberate and persistent
policy of restricting output and or-
posing the introduction of labor-sav-
ing machinery. America, he said, wau
prosperous because the average pro-
duction per workman in this country
was three times that of the British
workman. believe the American
workman appreciates this truth of the
value of production better than the
European workman, and, as a result,
the American workman leads in indi-
vidual prosperity.
"Then we come to the partnership OF
the community as an owner of re-
sources, which is a phase of the stu
alton which until recently has received
little attention. The community pos
sesses jointly immense natural wealth
1T may be mines, forests, fisheries,
or other natural resources-which,
through a combination of labor and
capital, results in the wealth of the
community.
The Right to Service
"The rights of the community to
service out of this utilization of nat
ural resources must be recognized. This
right of the community as whole has
been entirely lost sight of by the Boil
sheviki, who refuse to regard as essen
tial any organization, brains, manage
ment or skill, and they have thereby
produced the conditions Of famine and
starvation which exist in Russia to-
day.
1.-The Bolshcviki have forgotten that
the creation or production of wealth
does not depend on labor alone, how
ever skilled, but to a great extent on
specially trained brains and manage
ment We have one concrete example
of this in the Standard Oil Company's
research laboratory at Bayway, where
all the achievements of science are
utlilzed-not for direct profit, but to
make more productive the labor of the
rest of the employees of the company,
and to make that production of the
most service to the community.
when the industrial worker, the
brain worker and capital combine in
the development of the resources of
the community the result is the pro-
duction of wealth; and the problem of
the future will be to properly appor-
tion this wealth on equitable terms.
at follows that in so far as Ameri-
can labor generally appreciates this
situation, and understands that wealth
is not the product Of labor or capital
alone, labor will cooperate with the
in the production of the
profits"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
The Pessinaisns of
Man nufacfurers
AbOukLnb0r Con-
ditions Is Fading
There Has Been a Tre-
mendous Narrowing in
Market During the War
The
Unemployment Riddle
he

DIR. kIRCHWEY, State Director
of the u. s.. Employment Ser
utce, sags: "Jobless. soldiers
are increasing IN Neao York at
the rate of 5000 q qVeek."
GORDON L. SAWYER, speciollu
detailed by the U. S. Employ
ment Service to aOork on the IN
employment problem IN .Neao
York, says: "Oue- tenth of the
men. 7ohom Nea0 York cheered
are moao begging for jobs."
COL. ARTHUR WOODS, assist
ant to Secretary Baker,, IN
charge of the unemployment of
troops, says: "There aUW be q
labor shortage of 1000, 900 .ate7
before JAIL"
Neio York employers sag their
problem is how to find labor to
I'LL the 3obs that are vacont.
WHAT Is THE SITUATION?
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
1000 Mattresses Discuss
Proposal to .IOin Union

Two thousand women employed as
mattresses in the city's hotels and
restaurants assembled at Webster Hall
last night and listened to officials of
Local No. 1 Of the Hotel and Restau-
rant Employees international Alliance,
who addressed them on the proper
steps to be taken to join the organ
ization
William Lehrman, secretary of the
union, said at the conclusion of the
meeting that he expected that 1000
women would join within the next
week, and that 4,50O would become
members Of the local within a month.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Union Man Fears
Crisis Is Possible

President Edward l. Hannah of the
Central Federated Union, on the other
hand, believes that there is danger of
serious if not critical unemployment
soon, and Of destitution that will re-
suit in a rapid spread of Bolshevism
and socialism unless the situation is
met Immediately. He admits there has
been no trouble so far, but declares
tit is just around the corner. His COM
plants centre around the building
trades.
"Dr. Kirchwey's figures on unemploy-
ment are not inflated" he declared,
"They are too low, if anything, and
are certainly. very. conservative. There
is no work to be had to-day for men
in the construction trade, and already
hundreds Of them are walking the
streets. With the completion of the
naval base and of the big hotels, that
are now nearly finished, there will be
hundreds more. - ....,,
There are no city, Improvements 60
ing on, and there are no big building
jobs in sight, nor enough little ones
to take care of vcry>many men Colo
mel Woods and other people are max
ing speeches and the papers are full
Of what they are going to do. But you
can't feed men on statistics of what
is going to happen. If they have got
all shis money to spend, let them get
busy and spend it. If they don't we
will have bread lines and everything,
and there will be mighty dangerous
spread of socialism, if not bolshevism.
The only way the conservative labor
leaders can hold the men in. line is
by keeping them busy and prosperous.
We can't make any argument that will
| stay on an empty stomach"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Food Riots Begun in Lima
Mobs Stone Offices Till Troops
Obtain Control

LIMA, Peru, May 27. - Disorder
marked the outbreak of a general
strike here to-day, mobs attacking the
offices of several large firms with
stones. Troops and gendarmes were
called out and are now in control. At
noon there was still some shooting in
isolated parts Of the city.
"a The strike was called by the Labor
and Socialist committees, who demand
chaper foodstuffs. APPARENTLY the strike
and the incident disorder have no
political significance.
All traffic and communication was
suspended in Lima and business is at
a standstill.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28

and enlisted men of the army, navy
and marine corps who lost their lives
in the war would be permitted, as long
as they remained unmarried, to pur-
chase subsistence stores from the gov.
ernment at prices charged officers and
men.
MIR. Baker said this would "mean a
great deal to the widows in view Of the
excessive cost of food in the open
market"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Saarberg's Historic Flag
Returned on Festival Day

PARIS, May 27.-At the recent liber-
alton festival held at Saarberg, in Lor-
raine, che flag presented to the town
in 1866, on the occasion of the CEN
tenary of the reunion of Lorraine to
France, was restored to the Saarberg
municipality. The flag had been taken
to Luneville, in France, by NJ. Hertz,
the last French mayor of Saarberg
and was preserved there by his family.
A delegation of the Luneville munich
pality made the formal restoration.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
l,62O Physically Disabled
Men Are Given EmpIOymen

CHICAGO, May 21-Sixteen hundred
and twenty physically handicapped men,
with 1,766 dependents, have been
placed in positions by the handicapped
division of the Federal Employment
Service since January /, according to
statement to-day by William Fay, su-
perintendent of the division The aver
age cost of finding job for the
crippled men was $1.54.
MANY men placed by this Office are
drawing high salaries" Superintendent
Fay said
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Lloyd George Expected
To Visit u. s.. in October

DARIS, May 81 (By The Associated
l. Press).-Premier Lloyd George
Of Great Britain, it is understood, is
considering favorably proposal
from the American peace delegation
that he visit America this year. The
Premier would go to the United
States especially to attend the first
meeting of the league Of nations in
Washington in October.
If Premier Lloyd George visits the
. United States in October he will be
the first British statesman to come
to this country while head of the
British Cabinet, SO far as available
records show. In 1912 welshmen in
. the United States invited Mr.. Lloyd
George, who was then Chancellor Of
the Exchequer, to attend the Welsh
National Eisteddfod at Pittsburgh.
Mr.. Lloyd George was forced to de-
cline the invitation, but promised to
cross the Atlantic at the first oppor-
tunity. The war came before he was
able to make good his promise.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28

consumed, ever since the armistice was
signed. That shipment began to pass
the normal a month ago, SO that Buff
fafo to-day is consuming considerably
more than the usual amount of miscel-
laneous products. That means pros
perity.
Boom Times for
Labor Predicted
"The railroad says that when these
shipments rise above normal they have
a habit of going ons rising for a while.
and it believes that within two months
Buffalo viii be living. under boom-time
oonditions.' sf'-> - - f1 =. =
Here is another indications: They
are having a carpenters" strike in. Buff
falo; and it has been geing on some
time. The business agent of the union
was asked the other day whether it
was not expensive to pay strike bene-
fits so long.
"'Oh, we're not paying benefits he
replied. The men, are all at work. 1
don't know where, but the strike isn't
costing us anything.'"
Mr.. Flynn believes that there are q
good many men taking well-earned va
cations, and that. this fact is keeping
the employment situation from 'becom-
ing acute, and will keep it so until
production is under full swing again.
~"There is the case Of Long Island
City," he pointed out. "rhe Wright
Martin factory laid off tmost,of its ma
chinists because the government can
celled its contracts, and contracts we're
cancelled also with the gas mask fac
tory and several other plants. That
meant that hundreds of machinists
were thrown out of work.
sEven in normal times that would
have brought big list OF applicants
for jobs at our employment bureau.
But we didn't get a single one. The
only explanation.'I can figure out is
that all these men had been making
big money, and were glad of Nchance
to rest. They had been getting high
wages, working overtime at time and
half pay and Sundays at double time,
and they could afford to take quite
vacation. When, there is the kind of
a job they want they will go and get
it, but they are in no hurry. We could
find a job for every machinist that
wanted to apply to-day"
This, Mr.. Flynn believes, accounts
for the fact that the state commissions
figures on employment show a drop up
to the END of March, the latest date
for which they are available. They
also, taken together with the fact
that there are millions of fewer work
ars in this,country than before the war,
explain the fact, that. the United States
Department of Labor figures indicat-
ing low production are not accom-
panied by a terrific unemployment
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28

Baker Asks Army Food Price
For Widows of Service Men
WASHINGTON, May 27. - Under a
bill transmitted to the Senate to-day
by Secretary Baker widows of officers
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
THERE are strong indications that

THERE are strong indications that
work for those who are now out
of employment will appear be-
fore 1t is needed, and that within
very few months there will be a seri-
Gus labor shortage in all lines.
There is q labor shortage already in
most lines Of work. The pessimism
with which manufacturers viewed the
market is disappearing rapidly, par
ticularly in the luxury trades, and
there are wide preparations to. expand
Z production. The situation which,, has
held up building in New York seems
nearing solution, so that work along
This line should soon be resumed, and
this will leave only railroad construc-
tion and repairs in. slump ..~.
In the meantime there has been a
tremendous narrowing Of the labor
market in this country since 1914.
Washington officials predict that a
million men will remain in the army
and navy at the close of the year, and
all these are, of course, withdrawn
from. industry. Something like a
million men left America before she
entered the war to return to their
home countries, and some hundreds of
thousands have gone since the armis-
tice. In addition America is short the
four or five million immigrants who
would normally have come during the
war period and have been absorbed
Snto industry.
Sees No Danger of
FLOATING labor"
SOFT seems that the United States will
not have the men to put her factories
on anything like normal peace time
production. Long before that point is
reached there may be slabor>shortage
OF serious dimensions, and it seems
likely that it will be years, unless a
panic should intervene, before the
floating labor supply" of the old days
will reappear, if it ever does.
Director David S. Flynn, of the Bu-
reau OF Employment of the State In
dustrial Commission, as was reported
In previous article, believes that. con
ditions of employment in the state, are
now little above the peace time nor
NAL. He has number of straws point
ing that way to report
The New York Central keeps careful
records of its shipments Of freight of
various kinds" he. said, "and from
comparison with conditions in previous
years is able to predict pretty we'll
what Is coming. In the Buffalo district
learned there has been a steady
growth in the shipment in of food
stufs, clothing and the usual products
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
Harvard Student Drowned

CAMBRIDGE, May 27~-Ralph s.
Stretch, of South Bend. Ind, Har-
ward student. was drowned to-day in
the swimming tank at the Y NJ. C. A.
building. He is believed to have been
taken suddenly i'll while alone in the
tank
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
British Columbia
.Menaced by Spread
OF Canadian Strike
Victoria Trades Council
Calls for Vote on Sympa-
thetic Walkout: Unions
in Vancouver Hesitating

VANCOUVER, B. c., May 27.-The
general strike, in progress for more
than a week in Winnipeg and spread
ing during the last twenty-four hours
to Calgary and Edmonton, Alberta,
and to Regina, Sask., and several
smaller towns, seemed to-day about to
sweep into British Columbia. Last
night it was announced from Vic
toria that the trades council there
had decided to call for strike vote
in sympathy with the Winnipeg
strikers, the results to be in by Sun
day night.
SASKATOON, Sask., May 27.-By a
vote of more than five to one the
Saskatoon labor unions decided to 90
on a sympathetic strike at noon to-
day.
WINNIPEG, May 27.-No visible
change in the general strike deadlock
was noted here except further in
crease of commercial activities. A
flood of mail released from the Winni-
peg postofice by volunteer clerks was
partly responsible for business i'm
provement.
Representatives Of the city govern
ment began compiling lists of city en-
ployes on strike. The city will be-
gin to replace the strikers on Thurs
day as a result of the City Councils
action last night
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28

or no work to- be had at present, is
as follows:
Bookkeepers, accountants, cashiers
office clerks, electricians, pipe filters
and stationary engineers; that is, in
the building trades and among the
clerk classes.
The classes where the employers are
doing the hunting follow:
Farmhands and gardeners, mostly for
out-of-town work; carpenters, painters
and paperhangers,. even in the building
trades; structural iron workers., casual
workers; chemical, oil and paint work
ers; glass and stone workers; stenog-
raphers and typists; garment and tex
TILE workers; skilled woodsmen, expert
enced auto mechanics, machine hands
and machine specialists of all kinds:
polishers, buffers, platers, etc; welders
and cutters; helpers and handy men
in most trades; printers and press
men, feeders and bindery workers; riv-
eters, caulkers, clippers reamers, ship
filters and other workers for ship
yards; stablemen and deliverymen; :;
bandsmen, solicitors, shipping and
stock clerks, packers, cabinet workers
and furniture makers, machine wood
workers; apprentices in most trades:
traction motormen and conductors:
bakery and confectionery workers;
cigar, cigarette and tobacco workers;
walters and bus-boys; cooks and chefs;
kitchen and pantry workers; elevator
operators, .watchmen and janitors.
Maintenance of Wages
Cited as One Move
In addition there remains always the
constant demand for laborers. Hun
0reds of these are wanted, and at least
so far as the soldiers are concerned,
there are few men who have been
through the A. E. F. training who are
not able to take these jobs.
The final criterion is that of wages.
"After ALL" says Director Flynn, ''the
fact that proves there is no serious
unemployment is that wages are not
going down, and men are quite ready
to strike for higher pay in good
many instances. That is not a sign
Of unemploymen When men are out
of work they cut prices on their labor,
and when there are hundreds clamor-
ing for jobs the fellows that have
cot them don't quit work.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-28
"Money They Saved Up

Is About Cone
s'Isn't it true that good many Of
these men have been making pretty
good money and are willing to take
a little lay-off ?" he was asked.
They have been able to stand it up
to thei present" he replied. eve have
not had to pay out any unemploy-
! menk benefits yet. But the money they
saved up is about gone, and the pinch
is coming, and coming quick. The only
thing to do is to start somebody spend
ing money" ~
Z A. fair.vmeasure OF the actual cx-
tent Of unemployment Of those men
who are actually looking for work
can be taken from a survey of the
trades in which men are seeking work,
as compared. to those in which en-
ployers are, seeking men. The first
category, that in which there is,little