The sun., 1919-08-21
JAPANESE HOLD ON
CHINA Is LAID BARE
Senate Committee Learns De-
tails of Shantung Situa-
ton From Expert.
NIPPON GRIPS WIDE AREA
DIR. Ferguson, Adviser in Pc"
kin, Gives Details of Tokio's
Policy in Republic.
NIPPON GRIPS WIDE AREA
sn.c,o, D,spoteh TO tbs SUI.


WASHINGTON, Aug. 90. DR.. john
c. Ferguson, American adviser to the
President of the Chinese Republic, APP
peared before the Senate Foreign Reia-
lions Committee to-day and related IN
intimate detail the facts for which the
committee has been waiting with regard
TO the existing situation in Shantung.
Dr. Ferguson has served the four sue
cessive Presidents Of China in the ca
pacity of confidential adviser. He mas
been in China since 1897. has presided
over a college, and at one time was al
wiser to the viceroys Of Nankin and
woochang.
An impressive list of Japan's acquisi-
tions Of Chinese territory since the en-
forced agreements of 1915 was pre-
sented by DR.. Ferguson. including the
growing strength of the Japanese hold
ings and Japanese authority in the
Shantung area. He also described the
course the Japanese are now pursuing
in Manchuria and Mongolia, where japan
has acquired rights OF residence ana
agricultural lands has taken over
railroad. come into control of six min
ing ditricts in Manchuria and three in
Kirin. has secured the right to connect
the Kirin- Changohun Railroad with the
Corean border, and to extend the rail-
road west to Chaoyang, in Mongolia
thus strengthening its hold on MAN.
churia and eastern inner Mongolia.
japan Extends influence.
DR.. Ferguson said Japan has ex-
tended to ninety-nine years Its leases
of Port Arthur and Kiao-Chau, ex-
tended to the same period its leases OF
railroad in those areas and has acquired
important rights in the Yangtse Valley.
Japan owns the Talyeh iron mines, from
which most of the ore Is secured for two
national iron works. In short. Japan
has been rapidly fixing a firm hold on
many widely separated parts Oh the
country, he said. .'. ~ /. ,
81. should be added" explained DR..
Ferguson, that the railroads acquired
in Mongolia are not. commercially use
full at present. They are strategic lines,
with reference to future military opera
lions.
THE Chinese people," DR.. Ferguson
continued, have always regarded the
United States as their most disinter-
ested and sincere friend. Therefore they
are the more in despair to find us con-
niving in this treaty that is before your
committee; at the spoliation of their
It is an attitude entirely foreign to any
the United States has ever before taken"
But Kiao-Chau Bay was taken by
Germany without our protest, was 1t
not?' asked Senator McCumber IN. d..
"Yes; and it caused the Boxer re-
bellion,' quickly replied the witness.
Hay Agreement Effective.
Since the Hay agreement in 1899 no
Chinese territory has been taken save
Shantung," the witness continued. Then
he referred to the 1911 six Power loan
Arrangement by which bankers Of Great
Britain, France, Germany. R0sfAS THE
limited States and Belgium 1, were to
finance development loans for China,
and added: "In 1918 President Wilson
decided the banking interests were get
ting such hold upon China that for
eign control threatened as to the Gus
toms, and the President took action
compelling the Americans TO withdraw
from the group. Only within the last
few months has this action been re-
versed and the Americans are now re-
entering the arrangement" .-
Had American prestige in China
about reached its climax in 1912, on the
ground of our dislnterested and altruistic
attitude?" asked Senator Knox.
yes. and it fell again only when the
United States at Paris agreed to the
Shantung settlement. The United States
had never taken anything in China and
when others did SO. It had invariably
protested.
"Wouldn't we strengthen that attitude
by forming a League of Nations pledged
to stop the seizures of Chinese terri
tory?" asked Senator McCumber.
Yes. If that very organization was
not based on connivance at scandalous
deal" replied DR.. Ferguson with marked
fervor. Never before Lave a group
of great Powers been asked to connive al
such a seizure and justify it by promis-
ing not to do il again"
DR.. Ferguson showed by quoting and
explaining the words of the treaty, that
rights which Germany held under a
limited concession, are by the treaty
confirmed in perpetuity in Japan.
1T is" suggested Senator Fall On
NJ ''as II Germany had given a quit
claim deed to vastly more than she was
possibly entitled to claim, and then the
Peace Congress had converted that into
a warranty deed"
Exactly So" replied DIR. Ferguson