davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

plars. an order of total nbstainers or
ynnized In 1851 at Utica. N. y. were
also working to this end.
The call for the Chicago convention
originated May 20. 1860. In the grand
lodge of the Good Templars Mt Oswe-
20. n. ". which appointed n committee
to convene II national gathering tn
organize political party favorable to
prohibition Legislation. This commit
tee consisted OF John Russell. Detroit.
Mich: Daniel wilkins, Bloomington.
ILL.,; ]. A. Spencer. Cleveland. o.; John
n. Stearns. New York. and James
Black. Lancaster Pa. At this conven-
tiOn the party was organized. plat
form was adopted and a national COM
mittee .wns appointed, with John Rus
sell chairman.
The first national nominating con-
vention assembled In Columbus. O.. on
washington's birthday. 1872. 1t
named James Black for president and
John Russell for vice president. Blnck
was one OF the founders Of the Ma
tionai Temperance Society and Pub
lication house. an organizer Of the ia
nous Ocean Grove IN. JD Camp
Meeting association and a prominent
Good Templar. Upon his death in
1898 he left his Temperance library"
of 200 volumes to the National Tenn
perance society. Russell, the Father
Of the Prohibition party" was Meth
Odist minister and n lesding Good
Tempiar. His newspaper. the PENN
sulnr Herald, wns the first to advocate
the formation of separate political
party for prohibition.
Notwithstanding the worthIness Of
the cause and the candidates, the pub
lie support mt the election of 1872 was
not enthusiastic. The tota, Of the
votes received by Black and Russell
was but SCOT.
In 1876 Green Clay Smith of Ken
tucky and Gideon 7. Stewart of Ohio
were the candidates., They polled
9.737 votes. In 1880 Neal Dow of
Maine, with Fl. A. Thompson of Ohio
as running mate. appealed to the
country. General Dow was widely
known as the author of the Maine pro-
hibition law, hut ne succeeded In get
ting only 1O3G8 votes.
Candidates and Their Vote.
| The Prohibition convention of 1896
split the party over woman suffrage
and money. The free silver" minor
ity formed Liberal party. with Bent
ley of Nebraska and Southgate of
/ Illinois us its standard-beurers. They
1 pnlled about 1900 votes.
The feature of the Prohibition cam
pnign of 1900 was a tour of the coun-
try by the candidates and n corps of
speakers by special train. In 1912
/ the Prohibition convention renom-
mated the candidates of 1908. The
candidates since 1884 and their vote
! are as follows:
1883, Clinton B. Fisk. New Jersey
and ]. A. Brooks. Missouri. 249945
votes.
1892, John Bidwell. California. ami
]. b. Cranfill, Texas. 27O,71O votes.
1896 Joshua Levering,N Maryland.
and Hale Johnson. Illinois, l3U, ,753
votes.
1900. John G. wooiley. Illinois. ard
H. b. Metcalf. Rhode Island 2O9. .469
votes
1904. s. C. Swallow. Pennsylvania.
and George b. Carroll. Texas. 25S.2O6
votes. -
1913, Eugene w. Chain, Illinois, and
/ Aaron 8. Watkins. Ohio. 253. .23l votes.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

on the floor. where 1t was found the
next day, much the worse for wear.
Anyway. Miss willard took her
grievance to the Prohibition party.
The Prohibition party offered the
nomination for president to st. John.
with william Daniel of Maryland for
vice president. st. John accepted the
nomination. He was an effective
speaker and campalgner and he went
out after bloOd-and. especially Re
publican blood. He carried the war
into New York. considered doubt.
full" state In the exciting struggle Of
thnt campaign between James g.
Blaine and Grover Cleveland.
st. John jumped the Prohibition vote
from 1896 votes to 15O.826 votes.
What is more. he polled enough votes
in New York to defeat the "Plumeti
Knight" In that state and. as 1t
turned out. in the nation. The feel
ing Of the time is indicated by the
fact that st. John was burned In
tfiigy In more than 100 cities.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23
.. S. LED MOVE
FOR Temperance.
Many Societies to Fight Alcohol
Organized Early in Nations
History.
WOMEN ACTIVE As LEADERS
John q. Cough, Reformed Drunkard
First Crusader to Win Fame
by Success at Home and
Abroad.

When the movement which has now
brought about prohibition began in the
United Stntes 1t was called the item
temperance question" embraced all
the problems in connection with the
use and abuse of alcoholic drink. Tenn
perance, of course. primarily means
moderation. while prohibition, us used
In this connection. means a form OF
sumptuary legislation abOlishing the
manufacture and sale of alcoholic IL
quOrs. In the early days Temperance"
was loosely used; sometimes 1t meant
moderation and sometimes total absti-
nence. Many of the first crusades were
against "spirits"--distiled liquors as
distinguished from wines and beer.
Early temperance pledges were often
framed to draw this distinction. How
ever. the word temperance rs used In
the titles and constitutions of reform
organizations soon came to mean total
abstinence.
This temperance movement. which
shows signs of bringing about prohibi-
tion in many parts of the world. be
gan in the United States. The tenn
pcrance pledge was in existence before
1900. Possibly the first temperance
society was organized by the farmers
Of I.itchfield county, Connecticut, In
1TT9. m 1S0S Il society was formed In
Saratoga county. New York; the 43
members were pledged not to drink
rum. gin. whisky. wine or distilled
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

VIII the vets contest the legality of
the whole proceeding from the startI
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

The United States of America has
entered upon the tremendous social ex-
pertinent OF national prohibition of
the manufacture. sale and use of aico-
holic drinks. There will be abundant
time to give the experiment fair test
since the prohibition is by cOnstitu-
tional amendment. To all appearances
this mandate ny the American people
against the use Of alcohol Is intended
to he absolute and final. We have
written il into organic law-intO mag
M charta-in the form of the eight
eenth amendment to the Constitution
Of the Cnited States.
The experiment is a tremendous de-
rarture from previous tendencies OF
the American people. We are an indI-
vidualistic people. with n strong sense
Of personal liberty. Yet here we have
set out to regulate personal habit. not
by statute. but by constitutional
amendment.
And the manner of the passing of
this constitutional amendment Is quite
as remarkable as the amendment itself.
Action on the seventeen previous
amendments to the Constitution has
taken between nine months and forty
three months. an average of about two
years. The resolution providing for
this eighteenth amendment was passed
by congress December II. 1917. On
January 10. 1919. its ratification by
the states is accomplished.
What has brought about this ratifi-
cation So quickly? Obviously the Ma
tionai Prohibition party has had prac-
tically nothing to do with its accom-
plishmcni. The answer evidently is
thrt III" war has brought 1t about.
l'ruhlhtion Is both an economic Ques-
tIon and n moral question. The war
set th' American people to looking at
prohibition from both viewpoints. We
got accustomed to the thought that
grain was better eaten as food than
swallowed rs liquor. inasmuch MS we
were told that food would win the
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

spirits except by n physicians advice.
In illness or at public dinners. under
penalty OF % cents.
The Massachusetts Society for the
Suppression of lntemperance WIS or
ganized in 1913. The American Tenn
pernnce society was founded In 1879.
Thereafter organizations of various
kinds cnme thick and fast, many of
them securing large memberships.
Among them were .he Sons of Temper
ance of New York QS42). Order of
Rechabites QS35). Society Of the
WashingtOnians (1S4O) and Good Tenn
plars (1S51).
In 1873 began the Noman's Iem-
perance crusade in Ohio. Women held
prayer meetings in saloons in this
campaign against alcohol. This move
ment grew so strong that in 1874 in
Cleveland the National WOman's
Christian Temperance union was form
ed. The same year Francis Murphy's
Blue Ribbon Temperance mission at
racted public attention.
John 3. Cough.
Prohibition or temperance - has
made many men and women famous;
probably some of these foes of liquor
and the saloon will be remembered for
all time. Among the names familiar
to most Americans In this connection
are those of John b. Cough. Neal Dow,
Frances E. Willard and Carrie Nation.
All four made their mark in widely
differing ways and the personality of
each is interesting.
John b. Cough attracted public atten-
tion first. He achieved worldwide
fame and furnishes remarkable ex-
ample of what in these days Is called
"come- back" He was born In Sand
gate, England. In 1917. and died in
Frankford, Pa. in 1886.
Quaker in Worcester, Mass, in
duced him to sign u total abstinence
pledge. This was the turning point in
his c,lreer. He set out to tramp New
England, lecturing on temperance at
I5 cents lecture. He delivered 1855
lectures the first year-and found him
self locally famous. He mingled the
pathetic and humorous so successfully
and made his lectures so entertaining
that thousands who had no interest in
temperance went to hear hip. For the
next IL years he spoke only on temper
ance md addressed more than 5.tUO
audiences. making two long temper
ance campaigns in England. He had
the power over an audience that
comes from experience. purpose and
natural elOQuence. Robert ]. IngersDll
Mt his best could swuy an audience no
more completely than this reformed
boOkbinder. Next Cough turned hts
attention to general lecturing and
made a fortune. His books have been
translated into many languages.
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

wHr We snw what the enforced so-
briefly of military service did physIcal-
", mentally and morally for young
men who had induIged in liquor in
pence times.
Some of our allies got into the war
In a hurry because they had to-Bel-
GUM and France to save their lives.
Great Britain to save Its national hon
or America took Its time-n long time
and grnduatiy worked itself up to
the determination to fight. Doubtless
much consideration OF prohibition was
a part of this slow process. So thar
when the opportunity came the stntes
of the Union went over the top just
about MS the American marines and
dougl,boys did In the Argonne.
Text Of Amendment
Following Is the full text of the pro
nibition amendment on which state
legislatures are voting:
JOINT RESOLUTION PROPOSING
AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTl-
TUITION OF THE UNITED STATES.
Resolved by the sennte and house
of representatives of the United
States OF America. In congress nssem-
bJed. two-thirtls of each house concur
ring therein. that the following nmentl-
ment to the Constitution be, and here
by Is. proposed to the states to be
come valid MS part of the Constitu-
tion when ratified by the legislatures
of the several states us provided by
the Constitution
Section AFTER one year from the
ratification of this article the manu-
fncture, sale or transportation OF IN
toxicsting liquors within. the impor-
tation thereof into. or the expectation
thereof from the United States and
all territory subject to the jurisdiction
thereof for beverage purposes is here
hy prohibited. s'lrl ar. .
Section 2-The. congress and the
several states have concurrent pow.
er to enforce this article by appropri-
nte legislation.
Section 3-This article shall be in
operat!vc unless II shall have been
ra:.f;cd as an amendment TO the Com
stitutiOn by the legislatures of the sew
ernI states as provided In the Consti-
tution within seven years from the
date OF the submission hereof to the
states ny the congress.
CHAMP CLARK. speaker of the
bous4. 0f representatives.
THOMAS MARSHALL. vice pre-
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23
FOUNDED half
A CENTURY, AGO
National Prohibition Party Organ
lied in Chicago by 500
Delegates.
EARLY STANDARD BEARERS
Eighteenth Amendment Has Never
Been Favored by Leaders Because
Of Odds Of 10 to Aeainst
its Passage.

The National Prohibition party Il
just fifty years old. its semi-centennial
falling on September /. 1919. 1t was
born in Farwell hall. Chicago. The
convention numbered about 500 per-
sons from 10 states
The formation of the party was
probably first discussed In public at
n Pennsylvania state temperance con-
vention In 1867. Temperance leaders
had failed to get much consideration
from the Republican and Democratic
parties and were feeling the need Of
Independent action. The Good Tenn
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

January 16. 1920. certifcation and an
nouncement of ratification being merely
a matter of form. 1t Is needless to say
that the VETS do not accept this view
and that effort to delay the formal
proceedings will be made. preIimi-
nary to contesting the legality Of the
ratification.
AT my rate, 1t Is formally an
nounced that such contest will be
made. 1t Is likely that the vets rely
more on the referendum proposition
than on the question Of vOtea
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23

While the amendment under It's pro-
visions does not become effective un-
I'll one year from the date of its rati-
tcntion. II seems likely 1iat the coun-
try will become permanently dry July
next. This is the date on which the
The Elk Mountain pilot., 1919-01-23
UNITED STATES WILL NOW TRY
EXPERIMENT OF PROHIBITION
Astonishing Action Of ndWduasc People With Strong Sense
Of Personal Liberty Brought About by Lessons the Great
War-Additiona Legislation Planned to Enforce New
Law-WN "Wets' Conest Identification Details

ident of the United States and pres
ident of the senate.
! certify that this Joint resolution
originated In the senate.
JAMES NJ. BAKER. secretary.
The amendment was passed by the
senate on August l, 1917, and passed
by the house on December II of the
same year. 1t was passed by the SEN
ate with the house amendments on
December Is. The vote in the SEN
ate was 65 to 20 and in the house
2S2 to 12S.
Ratification by the States.
The next step was ratification of
this amendment by the states through
their legislatures. This called for af-
firmative action by thirty-six states
within seven yenrs. Mississippi was
the first state to ratify. both senate
and house taking action January g.
1918. Three other Southern states
followed in January-Virginia. Ken
tucky, South Carolina. Then came
North Dakota. Other states followed
in the order named. Nebraska being
the thirty-sixth and completing the
ratification.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
First Three Teams in
 Each League to Share
 in Worlds Series Coin
New Plan of Distribution of Post Season Money Voted by Mag
 mates of Both Majors

Cincinnati, July 29.-The National commission announced today that tha club members of both the National and Ame merican leagues had voted favorably on a new plan for distribution of the players share of the worlds series. whereby the players of the first three teams in each league will participate in the division of the money
 Sixty per cent of the receipts for the first four games will go into pool which may be augmented by 56 per cent of the players share of any inter- city games played between the teams finishing second and third in both leagues. Seventy-five per cent oi this pool will go to the teams partici- pating in the worlds series, SO per cent of this to the winner and 40 per cent to the loser. The remaining 25 per cent of the pool will be apportioned between the second and third teams in each major league, 60 per cent thereof to go to the players of the teams finishing second and 40 per cent to the teams finishing third.
 Fifty per cent of the players share games between the second and third teams in the National and American league teams will be divided by the participants, SO per cent to the win
 her and 40 per cent to the loser. The other 50 per cent of the players share goes into the big pool.
 | Players taking part in the worlds series and post-season games must l7have been under contract to the club with which they play on August 31 previous to the series
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
WHERE WERE JUMPS WHEN PEL PITCHERS
 DOCTORED THE PILL?
New Orleans Players Have Used Paraffin All Season, But Nobody
 Ever Called 'Em Down

Umpire Pfeninger threw our several balls yesterday afternoon, claiming that Slapnicka had used paraffin on them. That was very good, if Slap was guilty but where was Pfeninger and the rest of the umpires when New Orleans pitchers literally covered the ball with paraffine during the past few months of the season? Why didn't some of the arbiters have the nerve to stick fine to some of Johnny Dobbs' crew for "doctoring" the pill?
 When the Pelicans played here, they passed around a big ball of paraffin just before the game and all the pitch- CTS oiled up their shirts and pants. This is not heresay, we saw em do it and we can get several fans to make affi- davits that they did it. Paraffin or any other foreign substance is strictly forbidden by the rules and everybody knows it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
SWIMMING MEET |S
 A GREAT SUCCESS
Louis Pierce of the T. s. O. R. Club Wins Individual
 HonOrS

Despite breaking in by the rain, the city championship swimming meet was pulled off, and the affair was 2 great success. The list of entries was the largest that has ever entered for swimming meet in Birmingham and above all else, the races and contests came up to the standard expected of them.
 Louis Pierce, representing the l. O, R. Independent Sons of Rest) club of East Lake, took main honors, as a swimmer. He came out first in the senior 100-yard race and as last man of relay team of four; overcame a good lead of the B. A. c. man and won the 200-yard relay race for his team.
 The Athletic club was winner in events. taking first place in the junior 6O-yard race; first and second places in the junior 100-yard race; first and second in the 25-yard race for boys 12 years of age and under; first place in the 50-yard race of the same class, and the junior 200-yard relay, and first place in the 20O-yard senior race.
 The I. s. o. R. club, whose team rep resented East Lake, was second in events. They took the senior 50-yard race, the senior 100-yard race. and the senior 200-yard relay.
 The B. R., l.. and P. team and the Y. M. c. A. team failed to come up to expectations, not taking a single first place. Fred Muller and Gillie Chisolm the two main hopes of the B. R., L. an ! F., failed to win in the events in which they were scheduled, although when the reports of the diving scores came in, they make take first place in either the junior or the senior events. These scores had not been completed last night, but will be done so this morn ing, and report of them later.
 In the ladies' 50-yard swim, Miss Mary Launey proved an easy winner With no apparent exerton on her part she left the other four competitors and won by good 10 yards. Miss Chris tine Tobin was next. followed by Miss Garnette Launey. Miss Simpson and Miss Jones became mixed up while swimming the course, and wasted val uable time and energy running over each other. Miss Simpson and Miss Jones also competed in the diving events, making very creditable show ing for the B. R., l.. and P.
 The results below included all ex- cept the diving scores. which will be announced later.
 Junior 25-yard race for boys F years
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30

Moley is anxious to get revenge on the scrappy Traveller leader for some of these defeats.
 The Baron manager Is trying to land his battle-scarred crew in the first di- vision, while Elberfeld is making q strong bid for championship honors so the contests today should not be with out interest
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
LITTLE ROCK PLAYS TWO HERE TODAY Elberfeld's Razor-Backs Are Nemesis of MOley's
 Lowly Crew

The time-honored nemesis of the Barons. Kid Elberfeld's pennnnt- chasing Raxorbacks, will play double header with the locals nt Rickwood this afternoon, the first game starting at 2;30. Inasmuch
 as this is the last visit of the Ar-
 kansas delegation to the Magic
 City this season. n large crowd is expected to witness the twin fracas this afternoon.
 Sigman and Coffindaffer are slated tC work for the locals, while Robins ': and Hengeveld or Stone will handle th. hurling assignments for the visitors Little Rock has won 8 of II game. played with the Barons this season ant
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
DUNCAN IS BEST IN
 LEAGUE-BARGER

~Pat DuIl'an is the best Outfielder in the league" said Manager Cy Barger, yesterday. "Yes I might say that Duncan is the best player in the circuit,o continued Cy. "If I was a big league scout I'd grab this bird the first thing. He can hit, throw, field and handle himself well on the bases. Duncan is a finished ball. player and would make any big league club 8 good man."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30
LOCAL TAXI DRIVER
 DOPED AND ROBBED

Hugh Lonne local taxi driver, was doped and robber of $25 and some other articles by unknown parties early last night.
 Lonnie was found asleep in his car at Alley A and Twenty-second street by patromen of Southside. When he was aroused by the officers he stated that an unknown passenger had doped him and upon searching $25 was missing from his pocket. He gave a good description of the man who is alleged to have robbed him.
 A search is being made by Officers Garfield and Vaughn for the man.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30

Personally we are picking Atlanta, but we admit that the Pels have a pretty fair lead.
 Chclly Frank thinks Lena Styles is a better catcher than either Perkins or few years ago.
 Cholly Frank told Cy Barger that the Birmingham series in which his Crackers won seven of the eight games, was the luckiest one he had ever experienced. We got all the breaks the chubby Cholly said.
 Peters has kept your team off the bottom said Barger during yesterday : game "If I had him. I'd be fghtiNs for the pennant." Catching has been the weakness of the Chicks all season.
 Over in Atlanta they are rejoicing that Pup Phillips, an-American certcr. is pre- pairing to return to Georgia Tech this fall.
 According to the advance dope. Coach Scott will have a world beater at the Uni versity of Alabama this year Reports have it that both Ike Rogers and Hubby Whittlesy, star tackles of 1917, will be back. Also tbai a star quarteroacH i is coming down. Tram Sessions cen ter, and one of inc best gridiron perform CTS who ever doaned the moieskia, has already announced his intention of re- turning. Young Norton, the Birmingham | college phenom. who is a great kick er, is an end prospect. Iovick Stevenson will be back at one of the halves.
 The Travellers play here today and O. morrow after which Memphis doubles ! back for two more games.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-07-30

with the Frisco railroad administration. with headquarters in Birmingham. His new job takes effect on August l.
 Mir. Brannon with Lieut.. il. B. Brown. organized the bureau of Identification about 10 years ago and for the first year they paid the expenses of the bu-