davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Japan Racing .4icay
From, Former Isolation

"The growth is pleasing. For the
brass band emphasis of this little
parade of figures is on the inter
national expansion of Japan's bust
ness and financial activities. 1t
tells the story of Japan's racing
away from the provincial isolation
of the orphan island of the Pacific
at pretty lively pace. Just take
look about this Office We en-
ploy about seventy people Fifty of
the number, as you see, are Ameri-
cans. Only twenty are Japanese.
Yet we are Japanese corporation.
'As for our customers, they are
even more emphatically cosmopoli-
tan in that they represent almost all
the leading countries of the two
Americas, Europe and the Far East
- Chinese, East Indians, South
Americans, Canadians, British, Jap
anese and the rest. The fact is. and
it is very trite one, that banking
success nowadays depends al
together on the ability of a bank to
furnish the best facilities for the
lines the customers are interested
in. Not all the Japanese firms use
our bank-by no means And, as
have just limited, we have Oh our
books number of American firms.
"There is no feudalism in modern
finance; clannishness passed with
the Middle Ages with the Japanese
as with other peoples. Finance is
a world citizen; there is no question
of race discrimination with it. Our
people have invested goodly
amount in other countries securi-
ties. The Japanese government
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
steel fans Now ON Commercial Orers Are Working Up to
for>e FER Cent of Capacity but Experts Experiment.
ing ON new industrial Products and Trade Scouts Abroad
oeekns to Stimulate Foreign Commerce Shpvards Start
Curtailment at Milvear

plants, they will be made on COM
mercial basis for outside factories
and plants.
Engineers and chemists in the de-
velopment department are striving
to work out additional new prod
ucts, and the sales and executive
forces are studying the marketable
lty and comparative costs Of the pro
posed innovations.
The corporation is developing
plans actively for export trade and
has experts abroad studying the
worlds shipbuilding requirements
with a view to charging it's shin
building programme to utilize it's
full capacity. To develop export
business for its commercial steel and
iron products, it has joined the Con-
solidated Steel Corporation which
was recently organized under the
Webb Act for the purpose of de-
veloplng foreign markets.
Meantime, the commercial steel
plants are turning out their first
large peace orders. Production dur
ing the war was limited only by hui
man and mechanical capacity, but
now, OF course, it follows demand.
Not more than as per cent Of the
capacity Of the commercial steel
plants of the corporation now is be-
ing employed. This state of activity
runs close to the performances Of
steel mills generally to-day.
There virtually Is no buying Of
steel and steel products by any Of
the government bureaus to-day. The
placing Of orders for rails and rail
road supplies, locomotives, construc-
ton material, bridgework, ard i'm
plements needed in road work, it is
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

stockholders or agents or trustees in
a public enterprise.
The current application Of this
fundamental principle to questions
Of railroad rates or to charges for
municipal services of various sorts
is clear, to the extent, at least. that
the problem is uncomplicated by
mistaken policies in the past-errors
of premature instalment, of bad
management, of losses by under
charge or gains by overcharge. Pub
nc utility companies must, in any
case, be permitted rates of return
that cover the current costs of pro-
vldlng service and that permit,
Justify and induce the desirable ex-
tensions of service. In the long run
the public interest, equally with the
investors interest, is conditioned on
a policy Of remunerative rates. Ser
vice for the public cannot go along
Win insolvency for the investor.
So much as this is, then, obvious:
That rates must cover costs, as the
sole basis on which services can be
supplied, holds in essentials both
for public and for private owner
ship and in substantially the same
sense. And rightly, always, costs
must include interest charges. But
there still remain certain difficult
problems in fixing the interest
charges properly to be recognized as
costs for those private companies
whose present status is complicated
81 an unregulated or i'll regulated
past.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
FIXING Rates
10 Meet Costs

The principle Of fixing rates by
costs Of service easily lends itself
to certain dangerous nisconcep-
lions. The attempt is made to apply
the test Of cost not solely t. rates in
the aggregate, bat to rates in par
tlcular and to rates relatively to one
another. in fact, however, these
costs are beyond tho possibility Of
separate computation They are
joint in the sense that there arc no
distinguishable particular costs. No
doubt it can be determined how
much extra cos: attends the per
Torrance of one extra item Of ser
vice or even Of an entire class OF
extra services-the rates. for ex-
ample, at which q road can afford to
transport lumber or coal
The motors, the cars, the tracks,
the terminals, the rights Of way, are
already there. One extra car or
two on train, or even an extra
train or two, may impose no consid-
cradle extra outlay~~-no great change
IN train crews, no increase in gen
eral and overhead expense fixed
charges, for example. Pretty nearly
anything for this extra traffic will
contribute to the total Of earnings
and dividends. But to compute all
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Financial Baveau
Nfnn (Orfes panffhfe

Financial Bnveda
stat CORES poHderee
" ETHLEHEM, Penn. April ~
II The second phase in the
adjustment Of the activities
If the Bethlehem Steel Corporation
70 peace basis will begin at the
middle of the year AS a result of
tho limitation of the great construc-
ton programme of the Emergency
Fleet Corporation curtailments will
have to be made in the shipyards
owned BY the Bethlehem interests
beginning about July l, it was
learned to-day, and the curve of
nroductivity in the ways will be
progressively lowered during the
second part of this year.
This suggests a focusing of
Americas industrial problems.
In the early months Of readjust-
ment, the shipyards of the country
were large employers of labor. They
absorbed many thousands who were
discharged from the ammunition
plants. When the shipyards begin
10 reduce their forces, the nation
will feel crisis unless the indus
trial processes of peace are robustly
developed by that time. Americas
welfare during reconstruction will
depend largely on the outcome of
the race between expanding peace
industries and diminishing shipyard
works. Government shipping con-
tracts, despite heavy cancellations
already made or contemplated, will
in the main run almost another year
before their completion. But the
time cannot be far distant when the
shipyards generally will start to get
on a peace basis.
1t is just as inaccurate to regard
the shipping side of the Bethlehem
Corporation as war baby" as the
steel section. A survey of the giant
industrial plants, most of which were
constructed before the war, leaves a
vivid impression that the corporation
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Great Expansion
By-Produci OF Var

Nevertheless, expansion of the
corporation was a by-product Of the
war, even If the foundation with its
diversity of commercial products
was not. And now the corporation
faces the great job of finding out
what to do with the increased pro-
ductlvlty And new units of the
plants. Although the old steel plants
and the new subsidiary steel COM
panies acquired during the war--the
Pennsylvania Steel Company, Mary
land Steel Company, and the Ameri-
can Iron and Steel Manufacturing
Company-havc already turned to
commercial business similar to the
KIND they did before the war, and.
although the shipyards of the com
pany, augmented in capacity in the
last four years, have a pre-war ca
reer IN shipbuildirg which sugrests
activity for the future, there remain
the strictly war units of the institu-
ton as special problem during the
great unscrambling. The corpora
ton expects to convert all its
plants that have been doing NUM-
ton work into other channels.
If no peace use were to be found
Tor the war plants the scrap heap
remaining would be enormous. But
the extent of any such depreciation
OF the war plants cannot be deter
mined until their convertibilitv has
been fully established and their
value as engines of peace assessed.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Cun Programme
rtuaUy Orer

In the steel plants one impor-
tant munitions order has survived
the rest. 1t calls for the manufac-
ture of large guns, which require
two years for their completion, and
is the only uncompleted munitlon
order.
The other great contracts for ma
chinery of war that are still in force
come from the navy. The DESTROYER
and submarine programme of the
government is undiminished, and
the Bethlehem yards at Quincy.
Mass, which are owned by the Fore
River Shipbuilding Corporation. a
subsidiary, and the squantum plant,
operated by the Bethlehem Shin
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

building Corporation for the United
States Navy, and the Bethlehem
yards at San Francisco, the Union
Iron Works plant, another subsid-
Iary, are engaged now in building
them. However, the programme for
building battle-cruisers is tempo
rarily held up, and its future will
not be known until Secretary Dan
iels and his staff of experts return
from Europe. Meantime, men who
would be working on these ships
have been laid off, and that ac-
counts for the fact that the person
mel in the shipyards is now some
$500 less than at the peak of activi-
ties.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Experts Studying
Foreign Markets

Officials of the corporation are
eagerly seeking new products to
substitute for guns and other imple-
ments of war. Moreover, The Tri-
hune learned that some new prod
ucts have already been tentatively
adopted, and are now being tried
out IN the steel plants. and the ship
yards Of the corporation. If they
prove satisfactory during the test
period IN the corporations own
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13


a CSTlN, Tex, April 12.-Many
~ farmers who were poor be-
fore the oil boom struck
Texas are organizing new banks.
promoting railroads and indulging
in various kinds of business enter
prises that may soon add to or
more likely deprive them of at
least q part of their easily acquired
gains.
Still others are content, in leis-
urely fashion that is alto-Sther
new to them. to sit down and vieS
the world as it passes by. They
seem to be having the time of their
lives. They take the greatest de-
light in occupying the best suites
Of rooms of the hotels in Fort
Worth and Dallas, and in some in
stances they even venture as far
away as Chicago, st. Louis and New
York. whore they indulge in the
best that is. to be had
One of tho serious effects of the
oil boom IN score or more of
counties is the blight it has placed
upon farming operations. Farm
ors who have already reapcd for
tune from oil leases are not dis
posed to 60 in for growing crops.
Upon thousands OF acres no steps
have been taken to plant any kind
Of crop this season
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
" hen Nippon Trade
~ as in amateur Stage

" hen Japan entered interna-
tlonal commerce there were at the
open ports of Japan, and on this
side Of the Pacific, for that matter
precious few traders engaged in the
oriental trade who had a thoroughly
scientific training for it, or sound
experiences in it. In those DAYS Of
the beginning of things Japan's for
elgn commerce was largely in the
hands of either Occidental COM
mercial adventures or mere ANA
teurs who accidentally stumbled into
1t simply because they happened to
be out there on the spot in the Or
lent, and opportunity thoughtfullv
knocked at their doors. To this
class of traders profit came easily
IN those early days. This lucky
state of things did not last: was
never meant to last.
The time of awakening came
1t dawned upon a certain class of
japanese that the only salvation of
commercial Japan was in her inter-
national trade. They woke to the
realization that the United States of
America was the richest customer
for Japanese products.
They were not the most stupid
people in the world. And their de-
votion, their application and their
toll began to bring forth fruits, and
some of them succeeded in gaining
thoroughly sound understanding
OF the situation and the art of meet
ing the commercial needs of the two
peoples. After that they got right
down to brass tacks, as our Ameri-
can friends would say. And they
sailed straight for the MARYLAND
they have been at it ever since
harder than ever if anything.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

The factor Of price uncertainty
has been retarding the placing of
peace orders which have accumu-
lated over a period of two years, and
states, municipalities, and private
corporations and individuals look to
the Federal government for the
price cue. Until the Federal GOV
eminent enters the open market. the
others are not likely to show the
courage and initiative that are so
necessary to carry the nation pain
lessly through the reconstruction
period.
In spite of the factors making for
hesitation, many steel orders are
coming IN. Alloy steels are in fair
demand, indicating activity in the
held Of automobile manufacture.
and during the last week the de-
mand Tor structural steel, used in
building, has been much larger
than at any time during the last
two months. Not only the coming of
sprng, it is said, in explanation, but
also the realization that prices are
not to drop suddenly to the pre-war
level is inducing builders to buy raw
materials IN limited quantities.
The shipyards are the busiest
UNITS a. present III the Bethlehem
organization. Their personnel is
now 50 per cent as great as at the
peak during the war when 10000
workers were employed. Before the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

were making their devoted study OF
the international trade of the Pa
enc basin, there were also quito
number Of the American traders
who were gradually awakening to
the real significance of the growing
business there. And these particu-
lar Americans have succeeded quite
as well if not better than the jap
anese themselves.
Another reason for the greater
success of the Japanese is that
America puts prime and paramount
emphasis on her domestic trade.
That is the sanest and most logical
thing IN the world. When one can
sell pair Of shoes at $40 pair
right at his factory door, why, in the
name of sense, should he adventure
forth over the seven seas to sell the
same pair at s. to a heather 5000
miles away? To many Of the
American manufacturers and mer-
chants foreign trade looked ike
lunacy and an insult to business in
telligence rolled into one. That
wondrous wall-which makes the
Eternal Wall of China look ike
mud fence-caIled the protective
tariff; what was that for, anyway?
On the American side of it spring
smiled, except in a panic year once
in long while; on the other side
Of it, stern and pitiless winter of
international competition howled
like polar blast.
"A few far-sighted and prophet
vlsloned among the American bust
ness men did, Of course, take a good
many thoughtful looks over the wall.
They were quick and keen to re-
alize that the foreign market was
essential as a balance wheel for
the productive industries of Amer
lca. At that, the prime emphasis
was distinctly and decidedly on the
domestic market first and last
Now turn to the japanese side
of the picture. There the prime
emphasis is, and has ever been. on
the foreign field. Japan can never
i've on her domestic demand alone
Necessity, pure and simple, was the
whip which dashed the Japanese
traders into the international trade
The all-important thing is that
the trade which was valued at 1873
4ol, AIS yen in 1910 and at 2a3-
9lo,oso yen in 1914 airplaned to
l'lol, 47S,714 yen in 1918, of which
547 ,639,172 yens' worth was ev
ported from America and 6O3 $40
942 yens' worth was imported into
It, This happy result was BROUGHT
about by the combined efforts of
ooeh the American and Japanese
merchants. And what is even moro
pertinent than that is that the real
benefit from all this trade exnar-
SION between the United States and
Japan has fallen to the manufaet-
urers and producers Of both Amer
lea and Japan, and eminentlv Ia
the good of both countries"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

sion in postal rates. 1t is probably
we'll that the rates for cooking gas
be lower than for lighting, or that
water or electricity be lower for in
dustria than for domestic consum-
ors. But it does not follow that. be
tween domestic consumers of gas or
water, one class get wholesale rates
on their large consumption while the
smaller people get retail rates on
retail quantities.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Taking the Risk Out Of
Investments i'm Utilities
Professor
Performs Return
b" No More Should BE Contention Of Econou;

furnishing public service for pub.
llc account at public risk should
have been--and should now be-the
accepted and established policy--the
nearest approximation to public en-
terprise consistent with avoiding its
dangers, Indebtedness and wastes
an agency contract, a trustee rela-
ton, an Unidentified undertaking.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

feit' would give the impulse which
is necessary to start a period of
great industrial activity in the
country.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

was war baby chiefly in stock
market sense.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

Secret Of Success
Of Japanese
Right here let me point out
another fact. While the Japanese
Bisbee daily review., 1919-10-11
Hints For Planning Meals

By Louise Sporleder, Home Demon stration Agent for Cochise County. ] (This is the fourth of a series of articles being written for the Daily Reviews Market page by Miss Louise Sporleder, home demonstration agent for Cochise county, who is preparing them for the guidance of the house, wife. Miss SporIeder is an acknowI- edged authority, and her articles may be taken as representing the latest and best thought concerning home matters.-Ed.)
 100 Calorie Portions of Food.
 If one knows the 100 calorie DOT tions of food, they can estimate about how much to feed individuals in the family after finding how many calo' ries each individual will need ac- cording to his age, height, size, sex, and occupation.
 Thes following list includes 100 calorie portions of foods which are more or less commonly used:
 Chocolate, F cup; bread (white), ? slices, 8 in. by 91S in. by F in; biscuits, small; crackers (graham), 2; oyster crackers, 24; saltines, 6; soda, 4; sandwiches, 1 triangle.
 Cakes and Cookies.
 Angel, slice 11s In. Dy 2 in. by 21s in; chocolate loaf, slice 21a by 21s by 1; chocolate drop cookies, 17s cookies, 2A in. in diameter; dough nuts, F doughnut; gingerbread, slice 1 in. by 1 3-4 in. by 2 in.; lady fin gers. 2 to 4; macaroons, 2; molasses cookies, 3 cookies inches in diane ter; plain cookies, 2 cookies 214 ins. in diameter; sponge cake, slice 1lS in by ? ins.; white mountain icing, 21b tablespoons.
 100 caIore Portions of Food. Cherries (candied), 10 medium; chocolate fudge, piece, 11s ins. by S-4 in. by 1 in; sugar (gran), ta' blespoons, scant; white loaf, 3R luraps; white powdered, 2 t.; brown 2t
 CereaiS.
 Macaronf, cooked, 1 cup; oatmeal, cooked, cup; puffed corn, 1A cups.
 Custards.
 Cup custard, 1 cup; butter. 1 t.; cheese (cottage), 51s t.; neufchatel' t.; cream, thin, IS per cent, 14 cup; milk. condensed, sweetened, IF t.; milk condensed unsweetened, 3 3-4 t.; while milk; eggs, scrambled, IA cup.
 Fruits
 Apples, 1 large; bananas, l large; canteloupe, 1 melon; dates, unstoned' 3-4 dates; figs, dried, 112 large; olives, green, olives, ripe, 6-S; oranges olives green, olives, ripe 6-S; or anges 1 large; peaches, fresh, 3 me dium pears, fresh, medium; plums' medium; prunes, medium; stewed prunes,, 2 prunes, t. juice; apple sauce, 1z cup; raisins, A cup.
 Meats.
 Beef, dried and creamed, Is cup; hamburg steak, round, cake 2A ms in diameter; ham, boiled, slice S-4 in. by ins. by A ins.; bacon, 4-s small pieces; veal outlets, breaded 2-5 serving.
 Almonds, 12-15 nuts; nut loaf, 4
Bisbee daily review., 1919-10-11

cup; peanuts, 2O-zf single; peanut butter, 21k teaspoons; walnuts, S-16 meats.
 Pies.
 Apple, sector IF in. circum. in. diam.;. mince, sector 1 in. circum. 9 in. diameter; white sauce, "A cup; asparagus (fresh), 20 large stalks s ins. long; baked beans, canned, Is cup; string beans, F cup; sweet DO tatoes, baked, # medium; Irish DO tatoes, 1 medium; potato chips, S-1o large chips; radishes, 3 dog. red but ton; spinach, boiled, chopped with egg, 4-5 cup; tomatoes, fresh, 2-3 me dium; peppers stuffed, pepper.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-10-11

Almonds. 12-15 nuts; nut loaf, A
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1919-11-29
AMERICAN NEGRO
ARMY DESERTER
LEADING YAQU|S

Douglas, Ariz., Nov 2s-An Amer
ioan negro. who deserted recently
from the Tenth United States cavalry,
Is reported to be the ader of a band
of approximately 500 Yaqul Indians
who raided the eastern part of the
Moctezuma district early this month.
The mans name could not be learned
from the arrivals. At last report the
federal forces under General Juan
Torres, military commander of Sono-
ra, still were in pursuit of the Indians
near Tonichi. The reds were believed
to be heading for their stronghold in
the Bacatete mountains. Sam Suplee,
foreman for the Nina Mexico in the
Sahuaripa district. said he dined re-
Gently with the general at the Pro-
gresso mine. The general expressed
the intention of subduing the Indians
if 1t were possible, in order to bring
more foreign capital into the state,
badly needed not only to furnish rev.
enue but employment.
The Indians have adopted tactics
similar to those of the Apache in early
American border history, scattering
at the first sign Of trouble, leaving
many trails, any one of which, when
followed. would Iced tn the next meet
ing place of the Indians, but several
hours after they again have taken the
trail as band.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1919-11-29
PRICE OF COAL CUT
TO BRITISH HOMES
Copyright, 1919. by the Press Publish
ing Co.
IIHt NeW OTK W OTIU.
Especial Gable Dispatch.


London, Nov. 2S.--A big sensation
was caused today by Sir Auckland
Geddes' announcement in the house
of commons of a reduction of ten
shillings (normally s2.50) ton in the
price of domestic coal. Only eleven
days previously he had declared that
the reduction, if it could be made at
all, would not be even six shillings
but a much smaller amount.
There was something like conster-
nation on the coal exchange when
the news was made known So big
a reduction was regarded as almost
incredible" and merchants who have
heavy stocks on hand stated they
would lose heavily Geddes' state
ment was made in terms which
mystified the house. The Daily News
correspondent detects in the an
nouncement a touch of an adroit elec-
tioneering hand.
The dramatic stroke, he points out,
hardly suggests the academic and
rather numbering Auckland Geddes
and says 1t was much more character
istieally Lloyd Georgian. 1t was a
clever stroke, he says. to knock ten
shillings off the price of domestic
coal, but that the burden on industry
is left unrelieved. The concession is
is equal to about two shillings a ton
on the total consumption of the coun-
try