davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
But Little Hope Held Out That Trouble Can
be Averted as Both Sides Refuse to
Change Position.
NATURALIZATION OF MINES PLANNED
Meeting Next Tuesday Between Secretary of
Labor, Heads of Miners and Heads of
Operators Association.

autocratic and unbearable condition"
exists in the Guyon river field, where
1t is alleged coal operators have set
up reign of terror by the use of gun
men armed with rifles and machine
guns, clubbing and pounding citizens
because they endeavor to exercise
their constitutional rights"
Repeated appeals 10 the govern.
ment of West Virginia have brought
nothing but promises" the resolu-
tion stated. 1t declared that train
bearing fifty organizers who were
going into the field October 15, was
met by three hundred armed thugs"
the train having been held up three
hours until special train could be
dispatched to meet the organizers.
Program for Conference.
[By Ralph F.. Couch, United Press
Staff Correspondent
WASHINGTON, Oct. 1S.-A COM
prehensive program of principles to
cover all relations between employer
and employe will be placed before
the national industrial conference
Monday if plans go through on which
leaders are working today. The pro-
gram will bear label indicating it
10 ldVoieu Wy LHe government.
With this move leaders hope to
bring complete agreement between
the two big major groups, represent
ing capital and labor.
The program will include clauses
dealing with collective bargaining,
machinery for settlement of strikes,
the question of women and children
in industry and all vital industrial
Issues on which workers and en-
ployers are at disagreement, it was
learned.
Bernard M. Baruch and Thomas L.
Chadbourne Of the public group OF
delegates started on the program to-
day, assisted by Charles Edward
Russell, socialist member of the
same group and H. B. Endicott, shoe
manufacturer.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
PASSING Throuoh Chicago.

CHICAGO, Oct. 1S.-Plane number
81, Lieut.. E. c. Kiel, arrived from
Bryan, Ohio. at s:42:56.
Lieut.. H. H. Queens, plane number
g. arrived here from Bryan, Ohio, at
S:29:56 a. m. He left for Rock Island
at 9:01:27 a. m.
Plane number so, piloted by Captain
j. y. Donaldson, arrived from Rock
Island at 9:00:24 He departed for
Bryan, Ohio, at 9:31:50.
Plane number 62, Lieut. E. c. Kiel.
pilot, left for Rock Island at 9:14:36
q. m.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Wing Preacher is First to Complete Ocean to
Ocean and Return Flight After One
Accident.
ANDs AT M|NEOLA THIS AFTERNOON
eft San Francisco Tuesday After Flying From
New York to California in Twenty-four
Hours Time.

nited Press Leased Wire Service.
iINEOLA, L. l., Oct. 18.-Lieut. B.
Maynard. famous SKY pilot" won
rans-continental air race when he
lived here from San Francisco at
70 o'clock this afternoon. Ae had
eady won the first leg Of the race,
ching San Francisco from Mineola
lad OF large field OF contestantn
week.
lieutenant Maynard left Mineola on
first leg of the trans-continental
ht at 9:24 a. m. Oct. s and arrived
San Francisco at 1:27 p. m. Oct.
flying time "a hours, Sc minutes,
seconds.
IN the second leg, Maynard left
Francisco at 1:19 p. M. Oct. Ia,
arrived at Mineola this afternoon.
ky-three aviators started In the
+. fifteen from San Francisco.
wenty-seven Of these have been
led to withdraw. Nine Of the con-
(ants have been killed.
reat shouts greeted the preacher.
htor when his plane appeared over
field and spiraled toward the
und.
frs. Maynard, with her two chill.
p, waited at the edge of the group
und the landing field. AS the big
pc came to earth she will the little
s rushed toward 1t, escorted by
officers. Each child carried a
red apple for daddy"
Hayward turned to his wife inn
iiately when he stepped from his
T. He threw his arms about her
they embraced and kissed each
Ter several times.
Nhe children clamored for their
bers attention and seized his legs
demanded attention. He picked
each little one and planted a re-
hiding kiss on its lips.
lrs. Maynard appeared to be very
Ppy and as her husband took her in
arms she said:
knew you'd do It,"
photographers and scores of other
sons then beseiged the flying par
He was slapped on the back
MS hand pumped by every one
Feaching distance. Movie cameras
oesan to click and the flyer and
httie family were compelled to
e repeatedly.
iayhard's nearest rival on the sec.
ieg eastward was Captain ]. O..
iaioson, last reported enroute from
cago to Bryan. Ohio.
lying westward on the second leg,
T. y II. Smith was leading. He
last reported between Des
hes and Omaha. Both Lieut.. E. G.
and Lieut.. H. H. Queens were en-.
.e from Des Moines to Omaha.
ne cheering was resumed when
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
SUGAR Steamer Burned.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service.1
NEW YORK, Oct. 1S.-The French
liner Chicago arrived here today with
1913 of the crew and passengers res
cued from the steamer Venizia, de-
stroyed by fire off Grand Bank the
morning of October 13. The Venizia
was headed for st. Nazaire from Ha-
vana with cargo Of mail, $500 bags
of sugar and 230 tons Of rum. Tho
mail was saved, but the rest of the
cargo, with all the personal effects
of the passengers, was lost.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service J
WASHINGTON. Oct. 1S.-Miners
and operators here today held out
little hope that their meeting with
Secretary of Labor Wilson next Tues
day will result in averting the coal
strike called for November 1.
Officials at the department of labor
were more optimistic and declared
the fact that both sides In the coal
controversy had consented to a fur
ther conference after failure of yes
terday's negotiations was a hopeful
sign.
Wilson, a former official of the
United Mine Workers has been sue
cessful In settling coal disputes in
the past, his associates say.
The meeting here next Tuesday
will be between miners and operators
wage scale committees Of the central
competitive field, comprising Illinois,
Indiana, Ohio and western Pennsyl-
yania Wilson hopes that out of this
meeting will come an agreement to
open formal negotiations.
In accepting the invitation to the
meeting, Thomas Brewster president
of the coal operators, declared for
NAL. negotiations would not be open
ed unless miners rescinded the strike
call, agreed to carry out the exis,-
ing contract and abandon demands
for six hour day and five day
week.
John l.. Lewis, acting head of the
United Mine Workers, said in accept
ing the invitation the miners would
waive none Of these
Meanwhile, the senate sub-commjt-
tee investigating the coal situation is
ready to step in if 1t becomes ap-
parent the efforts Wilson has under
way will fail.
Operators have already laid their
case before Senator Pomerene, Ohio,
and other senators, it was learned
today.
The operators say they are pre-
pared to ask the senate to go fully
into the strike situation and are
ready to present their side Of The
case.
Some of the operators charges,
which 1t is understood they will ask
to have investigated, are that the
miners are deliberately trying to
force strike in hope Of bringing
about naturalization Of the coal
mines and that politics within the
Unlted Mine WOrReTS organization
is partly responsible for the miners
demands which operators declare
"are extreme" and impossible
AS one piece of evidence that the
miners officials are seeking national-
zation, the operators called attention
to the following phrase in the strike
call issued by Lewis:
"The United Mine Workers Of
America are embark1ng upon the
greatest enterprise ever undertaken
in the history Of the trade union
movement"
Lewis declared this phrase did not
mean that the miners were seeking
naturalization and explained the pro-
posed strike involved the six hour
day and affected more men than al
most any previous strike in labor
h istory. Lewis further said the ques
tion of naturalization was political,
not economic.
Demand for federal investigation
of alleged injustices to coal miners
in West Virginia fields was made in
a resolution laid before the senate
today.
According to the resolution IAN
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
@ @e Short and Snappy Items
winch Make News Wire
| Sparkle.

Ktta,Y
lIs .ed Press Leased Wire Service. I
iCaGO, Oct. 1S.-Trouble for
lands: John Reid was fined $40
merely calling his wife a liar. He
court room to emit the term.
nv Burned Badly.
na,.eaGO, a,u Oct. 18.-Mrs. Carolina
IT. - nre burned badly; kerosene;
~, Hot Dish Water.
aaa ami, Okla, Oct. 1s.-Restaurant
IN threaten to close unless the
:, department order recurring
Sdes Msasning in hot water is re-
NM Moved in and Out.
M c YORK, Oct. 1S.-During Wal
1, STn.ent.s nh absence from the city
s"oer OF men moved in his home.
(ooo moved r,eel out yesterday. taking
~ worth OF goodA
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Cannot See kinu.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 1S-President
Wilson will not be able to see the king
and queen OF Belgium when they visit
Washington. it was announced today
by Secretary Tumulty.
at is much regretted that the i'll
ness of the president will make 1t
impossible for the president and Mrs.
Wilson to receive the king and queen
of the Belgians and the duke Of Bra
bant as their guests.
During the visit Of their majesties
and his royal highness in Washington,
the Vice President and Mrs. Marshall
will act in the place of the president
and Mrs. Wilson as hosts for the gov.
ernment of the United States
Their maiesties and his royal high
ness during their visit to Washington
will occupy the residence of the third
assistant secretary of state"
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Uniforms in Riots.

WASHINGTON Oct. 18.--A bill to
prevent wearing of the American
army or navy uniform by any person
while wilfully participating in a
riot, mob or public disturbance" was
introduced today by Senator New, Of
Indiana.
Marine and coast guard uniforms
are also included in the bill. offered
as an amendment to the national de-
fense act. News bill was prompted
by reports that soldiers uniforms
were worn by rioters during steel
strike disturbances in Gary, Ind.
n. 3. Irving Dead.
LONDON, Oct. 18.--H. B. Irving.
English actor, theatrical maGager
and writer, died here last night He
was born in 1870, the son of Sir
Henry Irving.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Thousands Remain Idle

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service |
NEW YORK, Oct 1S.-Thousands
of longshoremen continued on strike
today, despite statements of union
leaders that the strike was over. II
was said the men remaining out were
being influenced by radicals,
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
PEACE OFFER
is REFUSED BY FINNS
the peace offer from the bolsheviki.
kronstadt Surrenders.

the peace offer from the bolsheviki.
kronstadt Surrenders.
HELSINGFORS, Oct 1S.-Surren-
der Of Kronstadt, bolshevik naval
base defending Petrograd, was an
nounced officially today by the Fin
nlsh general staff
The white flag was hoisted over
Kronstadt at 4:45 yesterday after
Loon, according to Finnish news
agency,
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Next Weeks Weather.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service,
WASHINGTON, Oct. 1S.-Seekly
forecast for week October 20 to %
inclusive:
Region of Great Lakes, upper mis-
sissippi, lower Mississippi vallSys and
northern Rocky mountains and plateau
regions: Generally fair and cool
freezing temperatures first half OF
the week,
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Menauerle In Flat.

GRAND FORKS, N. D., Oct. 1s.-
Families living in a flat building
have wondered what broke loose
there last night. Today the landlord
discovered that new tenant has ten
dogs, calf, several cats and an owl
in the apartment.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
TABLOIDS
FROM FAR AND NEAR
An Honest Turk.

KINGSTON, N. Y, Oct. 1S.-Naval
Lieut.. J. w. Gregory dropped his
pocketbook in Constantfnople several
years ago. 1t was picked up by
Turk and reached Gregory by mail
yesterday.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
D,s.nnointcd Ruroyar.

SALT LAKE CITY. Utah. Oct. 1S.
--'Leave your money nome when
you leave your door open. This is a
he'll of a place. No money
Raffles," was the message a disap-
pointed Salt Lake City burglar left,
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Maynard's Schedule.

CLEVELAND, Ohio, Oct. 1s.--Lieut
B. w. Maynard, leader in the trans
continental air derby, got away fol
Buffalo at 6:5S:32 this morning. Be
fore leaving, Maynard said he ex
pected to reach New York by one p m
BUFFALO, N. Y, Oct. 1S.-Lieut. B
w. Maynard flying from Cleveland ar
rived here at 9:12 a. m. today.
BUFFALO, N. Y, Oct. 1S.-Lieut
Maynard left for Rochester at 10:0S:12
a. m. today.
ROCHESTER,. N. Y, Oct. 1s.-Lieut
Maynard arrived here at 1876 a. M.
today.
ROCHESTER,, N. Y. Oct. 1s.-Lieut
Maynard left for Binghamton at 11:Of
a. M, today.
Maynard's engine was running per
fectly when he arrived here. He de.
parted at HOG after receiving a mes
sage to stay here on account Of fog.
The fog lifted before the time of de
parture.
BINGHAMToN, N. Y, Oct 1s.--
Lieut.. Maynard landed here at 1904
p. M, today.
BINGHAMTON, N. Y, Oct 1S.--
Lieut.. Maynard left for Mineola at
1894 p. M, today.
MINEOLA, L. l., Maynard arrived at
so p. m.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Leaaue Of Nations Stock.

OMAHA, Neb.. Oct. 1s.-You'll
have to hurry If you want in on the
ground floor. Mrs. George Johnson
told police she had bought $500
worth of stock in the league or ma
tions from two enterprising stran-
gers.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Pearson Gets New Motor.

OMAHA, Neb.. Oct 1S.-Lieut. Alex
Pearson, Jr., who. was Lieutent May.
nard's closest competitor in the air
derby until he was forced to land at
North Platte, Friday, with broken
motor, will resume the race with the
second motor taken from the big Mar
tin bomber which dropped at Yutan.
Neb. There were two motors in the
bombing plane. Lieut.. Maynard is
using one and the local control com.
mander today expressed the second
one to Pearson, at North Platte. Pear
son will probably be able to resume
flying Monday.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18

More than 500 persons in the United
States have vought or ordered air
planes during the last three montha
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Surrender of Kronstadt Off
cially Announced as Occur
ing Friday.

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service
HBLSINGFORS, Oct. 1s.-The Fin
nish parliament rejected yesterday
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
WINGED MINISTER'S PRIZE is RED APPLE
MAYNARD WINS GREAT AIR DERBY,
| OUTLYING X7-THREE OTHER ANATORS

Entry 10 reaching Rawlins at
12:05:55. piloted to Cheyenne by
Major Simons, piloted into Rawiios
by Captain Stenle who took over this
entry at Cheyenne.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
Expected This Afternoon.

Expected This Afternoon.
NEW YORK, Oct. 1S.-Lieut. Bel
win w. Maynard, the "sky pilot" was
expected to arrive at Roosevelt field,
Mineola, early this afternoon, COM
pleting the first flight from ocean to
ocean and return in history.
Maynard won the first leg of the
trans-concinental race when he flew
from Mineola to San Francisco, a
distance of 2,701 miles. Indications
today were that he would also win
the second leg by large margin.
He spent the night at Cleveland, only
SOB miles from Mineola.
Maynard's nearest east bound com
petitors were Lieut.. Alexander Pear
son, Jr, and Captain j. o. Donald
son, both Of whom were last report
ed at North Platte, Neb.
Instantly Killed.
ST. PAUL, Neb., Oct 18-Lieut
Cameron Wright, manager OF the
local control station in the trans-con-
tinental air derby, was instantly kill
ed and Miss Helen Haggart OF this
city, seriously injured when a pri-
vately owned airplane in which they
were riding, fell $50 feet here Fri
day afternoon. The machine was
piloted by Rex. Randall of Gibbon,
Neb. Lieutenant Wright was for
merly stationed at Rantoul field, Illi
nois.
Lieutenant Tucker Wrights assist
ant, will take charge of the local
field.
Taylor Drops Out.
DES MONIES, Iowa, Oct. 1S-The
balboa H. baby Italian plane. of the
air derby, piloted by Lieut.. w. R.
Taylor, dropped out of the race mere
this morning. Lieutenant Taylor said.
The machine, flying from Mineola,
has been delayed several times be-
cause Of difficulty to get parts anr
today the oiling system went bad.
Captain ]. o. Donaldson, runner up
In the eastward flight, left late yes
terday for Rock Island.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18
five PHYSICIANS
Y END WILSON
Conference Today of Special
lists and Others Over Con-
dition Of the Presi-
dent.
IMPROVEMENT Is NOTED
No Chances are Being Taken by Half
Dozen Doctors Who are
Visitors to Sick
Room.
IMPROVEMENT IS NOTED

UNITED Press Leased Wire Service ]
WASHINGTON, Oct. 1S.-Five
physicians again were to consult to-
day with regard to the illness of
President Wilson. His doctors an
nouneed Improvement in their night
bulletin, but no chances are being
taken, it was stated, and a consulta-
'tion today was considered advisable.
The five doctors are Cary T. Gray
son, the presidents personal physi-
clan; DR.. Hugh Young Of Baltimore,
and DR.. H. A. Fowler Of Washington,
specialists on ailments OF the pros
tate glands; DR.. Sterling Rufin and
DR.. E. R. Stitt.
In addition to these five DR.. F. K
Dercum, Philadelphia nerve special
list, will probably pay another visit
to the white house next week.
The last official announcement Of
physicians at 1920 p. m, Friday said
Wilson's prostate swelling was
definitely improved"
At an early hour this morning
there was no official or unofficial in
dication at the white house as to
whether the president had a restful
night.
Today's Report.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 1S.-A state
ment issued by President Wilson's
physicians at 11:20 today said:
"The president rested well last
night. There is no material change to
note in his general condition. No new
symptoms have developed"
The statement was signed by Drs.
Grayson, Ruffin, and Stitt.
DR.. Grayson said DR.. Hugh Young Of
Johns Hopkins university would again
visit the white house today. The
presidents prostatic trouble responded
to treatment, Grayson said and there
are no indications at present that an
operation will be required.
Grayson said the president showed
improvement today and he is hopeful
that the gland swelling will not further
retard his slow progress toward recov-
cry.
Dr. Francis X Dercum, Philadelphia
specialist, is also to examine the
president today. 1t is his regular
weekly visit.
The daily Gate City and constitution-Democrat. (Keokuk, Iowa) 1916-1922, 1919-10-18

The Telegraph Service Of The
Daily Gate City and Constitu-
t;on-Democrat is received over
our own leased wire.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-06-14
quartermaster corps. of asas, OOo.-

quartermaster corps. of ss29,Ooo.-
900.
The House committee on appro-
priations instead OF making an out
right appropriation to meet this
$s2s. 100000 deficiency. which has
to be met somehow as long as II has
been spent, has met 1t in the revised
bill by compelling the use of unex-
pended balances Of the ordnance de-
partment and other branches of the
department to meet It.
The real effect OF this aHtion Is to
save the country Ss29, 100000 foe
the reason that IL the unoApeu-sd
balances referred to were not applied
to meet the quartermaster corps Ie-
ficiency as indicated, those balances
would be spent in different directions
Then the S20,OO0,OOO wouIu awe
TO be met by direct appropriation
In making up the bill tLs commit
tee discovered cases hwich members
declared instances of glaring eXscu-
tive ineHciency.
In one case the navy department
with 1900 seamen in hospitals, did
notestlmate for a dollar for IuedicaI
supplies on ships and the lSa afLcr
March 80. at the time when Il should
have estimated. Had Congr sd
the i',iency bill before A.
the. Fen, there wluld HAY %
pre- -ita for such suppl Ter
March 80.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-06-14
v. S. GARDNER TO REP
RESENT u. A. c. AT
EATES PARK

V. ID. Gardner, Student Body pres
ident elect for 1890, and Adolf
plus Schroeder viii represent the
Utah Agricultural College at the
Rocky Mountain Student Conference
to be held at Eates Park, Colorado,
June 1926, 1919. C. Ray Kimball,
who was chosen previously to rep
resent the college at the conference.
is not abe to attend.
The conference at Ta,es Park is
but one OF a chain OF imilar con-
ventions to be given all over the I'm
tied States for the purpo of taking
up the problems Of tho Jllege stu
Gents, OF discussing way and means
of perpetuating college spirit and, in
general, considering the possibilities
OF college life. The conference at
Eates Park will be for these OF the
western states: Utah. Colorado
Montana, New Mexico, Wyoming and
Kansas and Nebraska.
! Mr.. Gardner will be unable TO at
tend the full nine days OF the con
ference. He therefore will only b.
present during the last four days OIL
the Student Body President and Ed
itors" conventions. Thee last fou
days will NO doubt, be the most sig
,nifieans and valuable OF any to hin
as Student Body prSsiaSns Of ,hS vtal
,AErieuItusal SslAsES.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-06-14
SUMMER SCHOOL STU
DENTS HOLD FIRST
ASSEMBLY

The Sumer school students of the
Utah Agricultural College held their
first assembly Thursday at IL o'clock
in the college chapel with DR.. ]. II.
Linford, director of the Summer
quarter, officiating as chairman. The
session was marked by the address
of President E. G. Peterson of the
college and musical selections were
rendered by Miss Ruth Sperry and
Professor c. II. Johnson of the De-
partment of Music.
1t was previously planned to elect
a president, vice president, secretary
and treasurer and two executive com
mittee members for the Summer
School Student Body organization.
This was postponed one week, how
ever.
DR., e. G. Peterson welcomed the
students of what promises to be the
largest Summer School in U. A. c.
history. in behalf of the chool and
faculty In his address he defined
the purpose of the four quarter sys
ten, as practiced at the Utah Agri
cultural College as a means for be
ing of more service to the people anC
also to make use of the expensive
plant Of the college for the full yea
period and thus minimize useless de
preciatlon during the summe
months. He state the fact that GU
strongest educational institutions or
looming to realie the importance Q
practical education and of being O
sonianpaa service 10 the people. d
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1919-06-14
REPUBLICANS LOP
APPRECIATE SUM
FROM DEFICIENCY

WASHINGTON, June 1.-THE
House OF Representatives on appro-
priation. in reporting the deficiency
appropriation bill for the fiscal year
1919, known as the third deficiency
bill, has succeeded in looping off APP
preciable sums.
The committee recommended in
the bill, in round numbers. $21,-
100000. This is upwards of $1,000
600 less than the bill which passed
the House at the last session and
over $17OOO,OOO below the amounts.
in way of demands from the depart
ments, considered by the committee.
Not only that, but it made an inn
portant change in the bill in respect
Of transfer of appropriations for the
military establishment.
BY clever maneuver, there was
put into the bill in February in the
House-the bill failed in the Senate
"a povision that looked on the
face Of it like reduction but was
really a reduction of past reduc-
ton and therefore actually an ap,
preparation for the War department