davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1919-03-26
DRIVE FOR ARMENIA
IS CUTTING THROUGH
People Are Beginning to
Understand Situation
in Near East.

Seventeen cents keeps a destitute
Armenian child a day. Five dollars
keeps one q month. Sixty dollars
keeps one a year. Thirty million dol
lars will restart the little nations Of
the Near East on q new life. Marion
county's share of this thirty million
dollars is $10,0S0. Fairmont's share
is 5000. Every district and every
town is organized and the real game is
about 70 start. Last evening in the
office OF ]. WFlter Barnes there ap-
peared such crowd Of interested peo-
pie to discuss various phases Of the
campaign as was never there before.
y. F. Cole was in charge. The offices
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1919-03-26
Bungalow Being Built
on Coleman Avenue

C. Howard Har6esty, OF Manning
ton, assistant purchasing agent Of the
Monongahela Valley Traction com
pany, yesterday broke ground for his
bungalow to be erected on Coleman
avenue.
Mr.. Hardesty expects that the bun
galow will be completed by July 1.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1919-03-26
THE WEATHER

Rain 'o"IShs and Thusaay.
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1919-03-26

in connection were filled, an chars
were occupied and more from all pafis
OF the building we're procured Those
who came divided into squads and az.
cry inch Of the ground to be car led
was gone over The actual money eel
ting starts tomorrow and It IS thouehi
that Marion county's quota VIII have
been reached by Friday night. N A
Fletcher has been appointed treasnrer
and money can be mailed him r in
some manner the solicitor does not
find you. Solicitors have been giFen
names Of people to can upon so wien
a sRcftor comes to your house give
him your money with a prayer for the
welfare Of these people who stand s0
sorely in need.
The condition Of affairs IN the Near
East is simply appalling, IS ta9ed br
missionaries and those who write nom
there. Thousands are actuaiiy arf
ing daily and even the b0dis al dcad
animals are used for food ThoreI
workers there are dong THAR best
supplies are exhausted IS fast rs thet
come. There is much disee % ov
ercome as result Of lack q si.
ment. SIrses and peoale Who -,
sacrificing their lives n ", enIa sItt
an and die and have 70 b 4co|acod
The suffering Is said u e terrible.
II is difficult 70 apprec tho el
! CONTINUED On Pase Eouf
The West Virginian. [volume] (Fairmont, W. Va.) 1914-1974, 1919-03-26
At Their Suggestion Premiers Of Five.
Great Powefs/Have Gone Into Prac-
tically Continuous Session to
Speed Up Peace.
RUSSIAN PROBLEM WAS TAKEN QP.
Message Received at Washington From the American
Peace Delegation Says Great Progress Toward
Peace is Being Made.

PARIS, March 2e. BY Associated
Press. president Wilson and Pre-
miers Lloyd George, Clemencesn and
Orlando resumed at the Paris white
house today their series of confer
ences which is expected to continue
until the most important questions
which have been delaying the work oi
the peace conference cleared up.
The differences Of opinion which
have developed since the return Of MT
Wilson to Paris, are being considered
fully and frankly and determined et
fort is being made in the interests oi
an early peace to- reach an agreement
on broad lines.
The President and the Premiers
held their first meeting Tuesday be
ginning at IL o'clock in the morning
This super council, it is expected, will
smooth over many Of the difficulties
facing the Supreme Council.
PARIS, Tuesday, March 25.-By As.
sociated Press. .)-In President vii.
sons study at the Paris white House
occurred today the first gathering OF
Premiers under the plan proposed By
the President that continuous meet,
ings be held until great questions
which have been obstructing the early
conclusion Of the peace treaty should
be resolved. The session began at II
o'clock this morning and was resumed
after lunch and continued into the
evening with no other councils or con
ferences to distract the attention OF
the President and the Premiers. II
marked the initial step by the super
council in taking direction Of affairs
and in meeting apprehension due to
the revolution blazing up in eastern
Europe.
The Russian situation particularly
In relation to the political upheaval in
Hungary was considered at today's
conference and it was understood that
boundary questions would also be tax
en- up.
PARIS, Tuesday. March 25.-By As
sociated Press.)-It became known to
night that serious effort was being
made in the highest quarters to join
together all the peace treaties with
Germany, Austria, Turkey and Bul
garia, thus making one comprehensive
treaty in which Germany would be
linked with the other Central powers
as their responsible head.
While such step would cause some
delay, yet the American and British
leaders here feel that It would save
time in the end in completing the
work on all the peace treaties.
The inclusion Of Austria in com
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20

your advice, l hope for your approval
and for such suggestions as you NAV
nave to make he would have had the
amendments laid before him to present
to the peace conference in Paris. The
pattle would have been more than half
won by the mere submission.
We are great moral asset ito
Christian civilization. We are all that
President Lowell has described as a
necessity of the league. How did I'VE
get there? By our own efforts. No
body led us, nobody guided us, nobody
controlled US.
We have just been told that we are
not fit to be intrusted with any care
OF the South American difficulties. if
such arise, and therefore we must in
trust 1t to some other power. / OBJ
Ject to that. | believe the people of
the United States are Just as humane.
just as anxious to do right to others
as any other nation in the world. We
have cared for three of these powers.
as have already stated-San Domingo
Hayti and Nicaragua. In every IN
STANCE war has been stopped and
CIVILIZATION and peace have progressed.
VI course, we can guarantee them. |
did not know anybody ever said we
could not guarantee the boundaries of
another state
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
LoweW Says Pact VIII Prevent
War, but Admits 1t Needs Clarifyine

President Lowell spoke in advocacy
of the league covenant as follows:
Before examining the nature of the
plan proposed III the covenant of Paris
it may be we'll to consider the mini
mum essentials of an effective league
of natiors to. prevent war. Every one
will agree that such a league must
forbid a resort to arms before sub.
mitting the question in dispute to q
public trial, arbitration or inquiry of
some kind; and probably it ought also
to forbid g resort to arms after an
award which is universally believed to
be right and just. Such delay before
hostilities will not prevent all wars,
but it will make them much less COM
mon, and it will wholly prevent a ma
tion from deliberately planning war,
as Germany did, and seeking the advan-
tage of surprise when its victims are
unprepared. 1t is generally assumed
that if Germany had not possessed
that advantage she would not have
gone to war.
"Obviously, the submission o arbi-
tration must be compulsory. The coun-
try that goes to war before submitting
it's case to arbitration must be re-
garded as criminal against mankind,
and treated instantly as an outlaw and
a common enemy by the rest of the
world, or by those nations which bind
themselves together for the mainten-
ance of order
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Does Not Want Nation
Crippled by Dangers

"Let US do all in the world we can
to secure the peace of the world, but
let us in this most momentous time
let us move slowly and take due
consideration of our steps. | admit,
l confess frankly, that perhaps
speak with some prejudice, but there
is one thing of which 7 have said
nothing, of which | must say one.
single word before / close. / cannot
forget America. l want my country
to go forth; l want her to be help
to humanity, as she has been. have
nothing but the kindliest feelings to
every race on the face of tie earth.
l hopeeeace will reign throughout the
world.
81 want my country to do every
thing she can to bring about that
blessed consummation. She has never
proved wanting yet She threw her
sword into the wavering scales and
turned the balance in favor of free
dom and civilization against autocracy
and barbarism. But cannot but keep
her interests in my mind. l do not
want the Republic to take any detri-
ment. l do not want dangers heaped
upon US shat would only cripple us
in the good work, we seek to do.
81 want to keep America as she has
been-not isolated, not prevent her from
joining other nations for these gresa
purposes-but l wish her to be master
of her fate. | am an Amercan2born
here, lived here, shall die here. have
never had but one flag, never loved but
one flag. / am too old to try to love
another, an international flag. l have
never had but one allegiance, the ale.
glance of the United States.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20

assume that it means what it says
ITO advise or recommend means to
suggest, to propose, to advocate-in
short, to recommendation considera-
ton by some one else, not to give an
order to some one who is obliged to
obey; and when the members of the
league agree that their executive
council may advise or recommend "a
course of action, they agree to con-
slider that recommendation, but they
assume no obligation, legal or moral,
to follow it if they do not approve
of it. Much of the Misunderstanding
of the plan prepared in Paris has come
from a failure to keep this fact in
mind, and yet it would seem fairly
obvious.
"By the covenant the members of the
league assume several grave obliga-
tons; and we may here observe that
the attempt to make out different
classes of members, distinguished as
protocol members, signatories, high
contracting parties and simple mem
bers, has no foundation in the lam
guage of the covenant.
"The high contracting parties are
the nations that make the agreement,
sign it and are to be mentioned in it's
protocol. They are all the members
and the only members of the league
until new members are admitted with
the same full rights of membership
The only difference between the mem
bers is that the five chief powers have
the privilege of being always repre-
Sentcd on the executive council" "
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Quotes Colonel's Warming
Against "Meddling" Policy

"On January of the present year
tho Friday before his death--he die
tated another editorial, which appeared
after his death. l wish the time would
permit me to read it all, but l will
read only one paragraph:
Let each nation reserve to itself.
and for its own decision, and let it
clearly set forth questions which are
non--j --justiciable. Finally, make it per
fectly clear that we do not intend to
take position of an international
'Meddlesome Matte The American peo-
pie do not wish to go into an overseas
war unless for a very great cause and
where the issue is absolutely plain.
Therefore, we do not wish to undertake
the responsibility of sending our gal
liant young men to die in obscure
tights in the Balkans or in Central
Europe, or in a war we do not approve
OF. Moreover. the American people
do not intend to give up the Monroe
Doctrine. Let civilized Europe and
Asia Introduce some kind of police
system In the weak and disorderly
countries at their thresholds, but let
the United States treat Mexico as our
Balkan peninsula and refuse to allow
European or Asiatic powers to inter
fere on this continent in any way that
implies permanent or semi permanent
possession. Every one of our Allies
VIII with delight greet this request if
President Wilson chooses to make it.
and 1T will be a great misfortune if it
is not made
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Monroe Doctrine Expanded
In Magdalena Bay Case

"The Monroe Doctrine has been ex-
panded. A resolution was passed unan-
imously in the Senate few years ago
stating that the United States would
regard it as an act Of hostility for
any corporation or association or any
other nation to take possession Of
Magdalena Bay, being a post of great
strategic, naval and military advan-
tage. 1t did not rest on the Monroe
Doctrine. 1t rested on something deep
err than that. 1t rested on the basis
of the Monroe Doctrine, the great
law of preservation.
"They say that if we demand the ex-
clusion Of the Monroe Doctrine from
the operation Of the league they will
demand compensation. Very we'll Let
them exclude US from meddling in Eu-
rope. That is not a burden that we
are seeking to bear. We are ready to
go there at any time to save the world
from barbarism and tyranny. But we
are not thirsting to interfere in every
obscure quarrel that may spring up in
the Balkans.
"Mr. Taft says that the covenant
should be made more definite by a larg-
er reservation of the Monroe Doctrine.
agree entirely. l offer that as my
third constructive criticism, that there
should be larger reservation of the
Monroe Doctrine, and when the leading
advocate Of this draft takes that posi-
tlon it seems to me it cannot be q very
unreasonable one.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Had ColoneI's Approval
Of Fight on Covenant

Two weeks before his death I was
with Theodore Roosevelt for some
hours, seeing him for two mornings in
succession. The draft now before the
country was not then before US. but
we discussed fully the league of ma
tons in all its bearings. We were in
entire agreement. The position that |
have taken, and now take, had his
full approval. The line / have fol-
lowed IN the Senate and elsewhere was
the one he wished to have followed. I
do not say this to transfer any re-
sponsibility from my shoulders to his.
All do and all 1 say is on my own
responsibility alone. But it is help
and strength to me to feel that I
have behind me the approval, the sup
port of the great American, the great
patriot, the great man whose death
has been such a grievous loss, not only
TO the United States, but to the entire
world in this hour
Now, just word in regard to in
consistency. l do not think | have
been inconsistent, but it does not mat
ter whether have or not. Individual
inconsistencies have no relation to the
merits OF any question. If nobody ever
changed their minds it would be a
stagnant world. The only difficulty
comes, as it comes with many habits.
harmless in moderation, but dangerous
IN excess. When inconsistencies be-
come excessive they are apt to suggest
sel1-seeking and insincerity or lack of
real conviction
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Provision for Peaceful
Withdrawal Necessary

81 have been surprised to hear in
the Senate and elsewhere the state
ment that this was only treaty and
we could abrogate it by an act of
Congress at any time, as we can under
the decisions of the Supreme Court.
Why, ladies and gentlemen, nothing
could be worse than that. No greater
misfortune could befaf the peace of
the world than to have nation, es-
pecially powerful nation, abrogate
the treaty 1t is usually preliminary
to war. 1t is in many cases, at least.
There ought to be some provision by
which a withdrawal could be effected
without any breach of peace or any
injury to the cause
Mr.. Taft says: The covenant should
also be made more definite as TO when
its obligations may be terminated |
offer that as another. constructive
criticism.
IL am obliged to move rapidly, for
my time is expiring, but there are two
great points that l cannot leave wholly
untouched.
zone is Article XIX, providing for
mandatories. 1t does not say who shall
select the mandatory. That is, a ma
tion may be selected to take charge
of weak or backward people and be
appointed by the league to that work.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Curb Outside Power
That Threatens War

President Lowell then took up and
discussed the various obligations as
sumed by the members of the league
An outside power threatening war was
to be treated, so far as war was con-
cerned, he said, in the same way as
member of the league. The authori-
ty of the executive council with regard
to members of the league, he contend
ed, was strictly limited to consultation
and making recommendations, which the
members Of the league were under no
obligation to accept. In this connec-
ton and with particular reference to
the matter of mandatories, he said:
TO suppose that the representatives
OF France, Italy, the United States or
any other of the fourteen states on the
committee intended that if the council
should select their country as manda-
tary to take charge of Russia it would
be Obliged to accept, seems to me in
the highest degree improbable, and the
same thing is true of less difficult
mandates. 1t is a general principle
that IN any document an intention, not
expressed and in itself irrational, is
not to be implied. No doubt a spirit
of fairness would prevent a nation,
engaged with others in common
effort for human welfare, from shrk-
Ing all burdens it has not expressly
agreed to assume; but that is a yerv
different thing from an obligation to
accept any burden that may be thrust
upon 1T. The matter should, of course,
be made perfectly clear in the final
draft.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Urges Clause to Project
American Hemisphere

"There Is another later and broader
sense in which the doctrine means that
no foreign nation shall acquire foot
hold on these continents even with the
consent of the country that owns the
place. This was the phase of the doc
trine invoked in the case of Magdalena
Bay. A Japanese company proposed to
buy from Mexico a tract of land on
this bay in Southern California, ulti-
mately, as we believed, for the purpose
of a Japanese naval station. Our govern
ment objected, and the purchase was
not made. Such a transaction is not
forbidden by the covenant of Paris,
and if we went to arbitration about it
the decision might be that Mexico had
right to sell land to Japan or any
other power if she wished {, %.
The United States would be justified in
asking, and in my opinion ought to
ask, for clause in the covenant that
no foreign poI er shall hereafter a.
qulre, by conquest, purchase, or in any
other way, any possession on the
Jacent thereto. Nor do I believe that
the European members of the league
would object to such a clause, because
they do not want another nation to
acquire military posts or naval stations
in the neighborhood of their own
coasts, canals or coaling stations.
There is, however, third interpre-
tation of the Monroe Doctrine, rarely
asserted, often repudiated, but never
theless widely entertained, which
stands on a very different footing 1t
IS that while foreign powers are for
bldden to take territory from Ameri-
can countries, we are at liberty to treat
them as our interests may dictate.
Some Americans, while protesting
faith IN the right of all peoples to
independence and government, are
really lmperialist at heart. They hc-
lleve in the right and manifest destiny
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20

Washington ard the great statesmen
of his day, he ought nevertheless to
vote against that departure because Of
opinions expressed century ago.
"As our senior Senator, and as the
leader of the Republicans in the Sem
ate, we. have right to ask Mr.. Lodge
two questions; first, whether he will,
or will not, vote for the covenant of
Paris, provided it is amended as he
wishes; and. second, What amendments
thereto he desires.
"a further objection to the covenant
is that it contains no provision for
withdrawal from the league. If this
is a serious cause of reluctance to its
ratification there would probably be no
great hesitation in adding clause that
any member might withdraw on giving
a reasonable notice--let us say couple
of years provided all its obligations
were fulfilled up to the time it with
drew.
"Another objection brought forward
by the opponents of the league is that
Asiatic emigration, the policy of a
protective tariff, or some other matter
of vital domestic interest, may form
a subject of dispute with another ma
tion, may be brought before the eXecu-
tive council for inquiry and decided
against us. 1t would seem to be clear
that the trainers of the covenant did
not intend to submit to the interior
ence of the council tn. internal affairs
of the members of the league, and as
sumed that the council would in such
question follow the recognized princi-
Piles of international law.
"Next we come to the greatest bug
bear of all, the point on which popular
alarm is most readily awakened by
va one danuncjatiOn without definite en-
planation. 1t is the Monroe Doctrine.
AS one of those who have always be-
lieved strongly in this doctrine, l un-
derstand that it means, or is by some
persons supposed to mean, several diff
ferent things. In it's original sense it
meant that no foreign nation should in
tcrfere with the independence, or seek
by force to acquire any part of the
territory, of any country in the Ameri-
can hemisphere. Taken in this sense
the covenant extends the doctrine over
the whole world, or at least over all
that part Of it which is covered by the
league.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-20
Clarity Is Needed
In the League Coventnt

"The meaning of the covenant should
be made perfectly certain, and we may
assume that every effort will be made
to effect this, because when people
know what they intend, and want the
whole world to know what they intend
they are naturally willing to make their
meaning clear.
"Let us remember that in it's present
shape the covenant is intended only as
draft, subject to correction; for if it
were regarded as finished and un-
changeable, it would not have been
given out until submitted for ratifica-
ton. 1t is defective, as is all unfn-
ished legislation that embodies much
of compromise. For the first time we
have an experiment in open diplomacy,
the public being admitted to inspect
the process before it is completed. 1t
would certainly be unfortunate for that
experiment if criticism of the draft
were purely destructive; and yet we
have SO far had no criticism of con-
structive character. From those, and
they are many, who profess to believe
in league of nations, but not in this
particular plan, we have heard little or
nothing of the way this plan could be
improved to meet their views Criticism
seems to have been left almost wholly
to those who object to league Of
nations altogether.
Having observed that the drafting
Of the covenant is defective, ! am not
further concerned here with pointing
out errors or suggesting improvements,
put with the substance of the plan
with the character of the league which
the representatives of fourteen nations
agreed upon unanimously. But l should
like to suggest one amendment that
would not change in tbo laos+ IL
meaning of the covenant where it's
wording is precise, but would greatly
Clarity further discussion. and remove
many ooJectlons raised by Senators. It
would consist of an additional article
reading as follows:
The obligations assumed bv tho
members OF the league are only those
"hlch they agree to assume by this
covenant, and not others which thew
90 not hereby agree to assume. Fur
lthermore, the powers possessed by
Ihe organs of the league are those. and
ohiy those, conferred upon them by
this covenant
"Or the same thing might be ex-
pressed more briefly thus: Where
lts intent Is clear this covenant means
what it says, and not something else
In spite of all its defects in draft
Ing, such clause would help some of
our opponents to construe the docu-
ment. In my argument | shall assume
that this clause has been added to the
covenant or is unnecessary. For ex-
ample when the covenant SAYS that
the executive council of the league
shall 'hdyise'. or recommend or de-
t'crmino for the consideration and ae-
ton Of the, seveM governments or
NoxanaatA 0laaA' 0a tpxapQaa meAsprps,'