The Newark journal., 1919-06-05

principal cities of the continent once the tunnel IS completed. And the traveller will be able, if sug gested plans carried out. to leave London at regular intervals through trains for the far East, the near East as well as Petrograd Rome Vienna, and the Balkans
 When the first channel tunnel was discussed in- formally by Napoleon with the British ambassa- uof to France during the peace of Amens in Ioo-, the matter talked over in q spirit of friendly cooperation. In those days carriage way WaS proposed Two years later in 1S04 when diiiefeht spirit prevailed between France and England the British champion of the tunnel idea had visions of French sodery marching to the in- Fasoh of their little island through submarine passageNay.
 Ihome tie Gamend generation later, revived the proposal. He was q specialist in cross-ehan- Hei= uaHle Ideas, and also had scheme for stfucting stone and iron bridge across the straits ot Dover lie also drew up plans for a stone-but stiHius across the channel, with openings through which navigation might pass He also suggested 1ae building of gigantic pentoon bridge. These numerous schemes and their possible notifications Were discussed in England and France for years.
 By 1874 t commenced 10 look as If something would indeed be done to realize the dream of Ma poleon and Gamonde. Tn that year company was formed in France which obtained concession to start work. One year later, in 1875 another com PahY was formed in England, known the Chan mel Tunnel, Limited" which obtained permission of the British parliament to begin work.
 Ihe French company, which called the French Submarine railway, took nany samples of the silt from the channel bottom; made more than Hoo0 soundinsS sank shaft, and actually started q tunnel at Sangatte driving it q mile and a half beneath the sea according to present-day accounts of the operation
 Experimental work was carried on by the Eng fish company for year so. And then it's charter expired in fSS0
 By 1883 there were two English concerns trying gti., .,rgIF4 4isa. The second concern went by the name of the Submarine Continental railway in which Sir Ed ward Watkin and the Southeastern railway of Eng land were interested When Sir Edwards company tried to begin work beneath one of the cliffs of Dover opposition was started by the Channel Fun ne Limited group.
 Stepped by Parliament
 That same year decision in the British Parliament which dashed the hopes of both com panes It was decided by Joint select committee of the lords and commons that it was inexpetfient that parliamentary sanction be given to q subma- rne communication between England and France" Sc the 220o-yard long tunnel that been completed after reconciliation Of the two companies inter ested was closed by government order, and the two rival companies, combined the Channel Tunnel Limited, determined to keep the idea alive for evermore even if they were permitted to do noth- ing else.
 Today the French and English engineers do not known definitely that a continuous stratum of irp, chalk exists beneath the entire channel from the English to the French side.
 They do know, however that to all appearances the stratum is continuous because drill holes have shown that the formation of the French side is very much as on the English side The chaIk c,rs at Gap Grisnes, in France are of the ideptiea, geological formation the cliffs of Dover in Enp land and rest, as do the English cliffs on n suh stratum of gray chalk POO feet in thickness
 It is assumed the same gray chalk is tn he found in solid Waterresisting layer for the 29 miles that separate the two countries
 The Southeastern railway of England is nov, in terested in starting the tunnel at once An oflica, of the railway has stated:
 If the British and French governments give tho word the channel tunnel be started tomorro.r All the plans ready. and have been since 1907.
 When this agitation of the tunnel idea sfart e4 in England q short time ago 1T was at first as sumcd that thousands of demoblzed soldiers could find jobs with the enterprise But it was almost immediately officially stated that il com paratiyely small number of men would be usetjed- several hundred at the most
 In the meantime the reaction ir France to tba plan was favorable. The Paris newspapers re called that suggestion came originally from Franre in 1892; that realization of the plan would bring immense benefit to humanity generally and that os the Echo de Paris stated it, "IIenceforth Great Britain will be quicker to realize her E,rropeas, misson and her days of splendid isolation will be gone forever.
 With trains running at five and ten minute ia- teryols--which is the frequency Sir Francis Eux