davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
HIGH CREDIT.

bunch out pad
has lost its punch For the helpful mer-
will
bale Of You buy all things you're needing
pleading without
confidence you'll come back YOU
flax
children feedless when
nd her
approach they'll snarl and
hero
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
IN BURGLARIOUS DAVENPORT.
davenport News.I

It was a very reasonable request
that NJ. L. Parker voiced for the mer-
chants Of Davenport, in his letter 70
the Democrat Monday. The merchants
are wondering who's next, in the mat
ter OF these calls from burglars VINO
burgle like wholesalers in their Dust
ness. To have goods carted on from
downtown stores by the auto 4oao'
without trace being found Of burglars
or stolen goods, leads the business
man to wonder what's the matter with
the noIice force-whether It lacks in
quality or size, or what Is wrong.
Mr.. Parker offers the cooperation
o, the business public IN Davenport in
solving the problem. If some one VIII
tell what's the matter. Davenport
taxpayers are interested in remedyinS
the solution. and doubtless quite will
ing and ready to do 30.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
Bowels Begging for Help

Torpid liver pleading for assist.
ANGER How careless to neglect these
things when Dr. Kings New Lie
pills 20 promptly, mildly, yet effee'
lively come to their relief
Leaving the system unclaimed,
clopged bowels unmoved, results IN
health destructive after-effects. Let
stimulatin tonic in action Or.
Kings New Life Pills bring you the
happiness Of regular, normal bowel
and liver functioning. Keep feeling
Ar. doing the work Of a man or wo:
man who finds relish In II. AL
druggists-25c.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
Topics of the Times

Before Governor Harding seizes the
coal mines for the purpose Of giving
the miners all they ssk he should in
QuIre Of Governor Frazier as to how
The supreme court Of that state or
dered the populist governor to turn the
mines back TO their owneTs, ana tie
nonpart!san league member OF the
court wrote the opinion.
II more criminals were promptly
sent 70 the penitent!ary after the man.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

passes the buck 70 the future u wiz
then bs the trainlnsn's turn to stop all
Of our railroads and hold up the pso-
ple Of this nation again until congress
ACQUIRES courage enough to restrain
big labor as It has restrained big busi-
ness In tho interest OF the public well
IN
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
HANDY DIRECTORY
h - OF THE -
7 MASONIC TEMPLE
Masonic Meetings
vlsitors Always Weleons

! MARsAAlL LODGE NO. 100 A. r.
A. NJ, special communication Friday
Nov. rs, 1880 o'clock. First degree
A. L. Frazer. ". Nj John Y Wells
secretary.
s,oNEr CHAPTER. Ne. IS n. A.
N, Monday evening. Nov. H. FSV'
Past Master. George Gregory d. r.
yohn W. Wells, secretary.
STATED AssaMsLT, King eoio'
mon Council No. 20. r. 4 S. NJ, Me-
dny, Dec. a.. Business session. IRA
A. Davenport, L NJ; John W. wells
recorder.
coroIavs o.. Aldsrar commandSry
No, 30 K. T. Tuesday Nov. rs. supIe'
AZ s;so. Past Commanders n'sn.
J. y. Frederick, commander; John W.
Wells. recorder
CENTRAL CHAPTER No. 81 O. {. j.
speclal meeting Wednesday evehIns'
Dec. srd, at 1880 for initiation Mrs J.
r. Schultz, ". II Mrs. Archer Walton
Secretary.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

The Webster City eeman.Journal
says 1.-The situation would be improved
II employer and employee were better
acquainted"
The politician who tries to dodge or
straddle on the question Of putting
public welfare ahead Of the interests
Of a few labor unions Will find that the
great majority of the voters have little
use for a straddler." predicts the
Traer Star-Cltpper.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

The government is sending home the
enemy aliens and prisoners OF war who
have been informed IN this country.
Special trains recently carried 1,isl OF
them TO New York for deportation to
GERMANY.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
FOR BURNING ECZEMA
Apply Zemo the Clean, An
tiseptic Liquid-Easy to Use
Does Not Stain

Greasy salves and ointments should
not be applied If good clear skin is
wanted. From any druggist for Csc, or
$1.OOfor large size, get bottle of Zemo.
When applied as directed it effectively
removes eczema, quickly stops itching.
and heals skin troubles, also sores,
burns wounds and chatting. It pene.
trates, cleanses and soothea. Zemo Is
a clean, dependable and inexpensive,
antiseptic liquid. Tryit, as we believe
nothing you have ever used is as etectp
I've and satisfying.
I.:E ". Snse Co, Cleveland. &
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
Catarrh

Is a constitutional disease. Years
OF use have proven the curative value
OF the constitutional remedy, HOODS
Sarsaparilla, in the treatment OF this
complaint. Sold and recommended BY
druggists everywhere.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

HUM tn GET Hill
OF YOUR cold
TIE quick way is to use
DR.. Kings New Discovery

DoNT put of until tonight what
you can do today. Step
- INTO your druggists and buy
a bottle Of DR.. Kings New Discoy-
cry, Start taking II at once. BY
the time you reach home you'll be
on the way to recovery.
This standard family friend has
been breaking colds, coughs, grippe
attacks, and Group for more than
nifty years. It's used wherever sure
Are relief Is appreciated. Children
and grownups alike can use 1t
there is no dlsagreeable after.efect,
Your druggist has 1t. Coo. and Sl.2O
bottles. Give II q trial.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

Discussing The Sal!nger libel suit the
Storm Lake Pilot Tribune says: There
ia conviction that there has been a III
tie too much t!Inerity upon the part OF
tae news?a ners TO criticize judges Oh
the various courts. If judges are guilty
o, misconduct, there is but one way TOR
the people to find it out, and that Is
thru the press. II the newspapers are
to be forbidden to give expression to
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24
IOWA OPINIONS AND NOTES.

Messrs. Cumm!ns and Kenyon in
their actions have been representing
the Americanlsm Of the state" says
the Monticello Express.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

But do not make the mistake OF as
Stunning that Hitchcock IS a. fault N
this case. He Isn't. He didn't XIII
Cock Robin. Just one man In Wash
ington has had anything to do with
this treaty and his name is Wilson,
says the Council Bluffs Nonpareii.
Wilson made the treaty. without the
aid, advice or consent Of the senate
or anybody else. He submitted II fo1
ratification. He has directed the hght
for ratification without amendment or
reservation. And when 1t became eVl-
dent that the instrument could not De
ratified without reservation Mr.. VIII
son wrote a letter 20 the senators ao-
yis!ng them to kill the treaty as 1t had
been modified with reservations. with
him It was the Wilson treaty or moth
Ing"
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1919-11-24

the criticisms. the people would indeed
be a long time learning the true state
Of affairs in many an instance IN
which this knowledge should be I'M
nediately available. Judge Sal!nger
Is not any too strongly entrencaed in
the public confidence at best
The Estherville Republican remark
ing that some people turn up their
noses at the leg show and upper max
edness of the chorus girls in the
vaudeville of today" says: But Tor
the life Of US we can't see much diner
ence in the dress the stage girl from
the dress OF the modern street and So
cietY girl"
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

with Rumania and Italy was much to be desired. The Italians and Ru- manians were dissatisfied with their share of the "spoils" at Versailles and were more than eager to lis- ten to the whisperings of the Rus sian Foreign Office. While Bra tiano apparently is playing hand in glove with Hungary, he had his ear to the ground Berlinwards and his sense of hearing in this dir ection proved unusually keen.
 Preliminary negotiations for the alliance were conducted simultan- eously here and in Bucharest. These were fitted into a plan by the Italians to make an ally of Ru- mania against the Pan-Slavic Lea gue. But in Hungary the pro- ceedings struck snag because oi decided opposition first to the alli
 anee with old enemies; second, ts pronounced anti-German sentiment prevailing with a strong minority l Because of this opposition the en
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

tire affair became public property For several weeks allied representa- lives have been aware of the pro- uosed Hhngarian-RumAnian-ltalian combination, but it was not until the evening of September 15 that conclusive proof of the German aims appeared, although they had whls-- pered often i'll connection with the other. This proof came as a direct result of the Rumanian plans to re- store tine Tisza group of Germany applies to power in Budapest, and was confirmed next morning in conversation with various leaders here regarding che Peronyi cabinet which has been at once refused by the entente miss.0 on despite
 lie faes .1aC it carried the official written approval of the kun:anians and Italians. This tSproval the en- tente mission knew had been pur- chased by a promise from Peronyi Ito sign at once an agreement with Italy and Rumania which included certain territorial concessions.
 Hungard was to grant Rumania large part of the Pennsylvania, but would retain some of that terri tolry which they would not do declared the Runanians, if they waited for the entente's peace terms. In return Hungary was given assurances that she win re gain Crotia, and Slovak lands lost to Cecho-Slovakia the iand lost ts Serbia and immediate return oi all property taken by the Ruman
 ians.
 For the Italians was allotted tn,
 Manhattan coast, while Rumania
 share in the loot was to be larg,
 part of Serbia. Germany was t,
 regain her lost territory in CzechO
 Slovakia and Poland and will b. the dominating influence of the en
 tire combination.
 The plan also embraces Russia , Aristocratic leaders of that natiol
 are ready to enter a combine il
 return for the expulsion of Ru shevism by the Germans and Ru manians. Under the plan, Ger . man power would return stronge . than ever before, because Austri : would follow Germany, ceasing t exist an an independent state.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
Another European
 W0r Is Possible

Budapest, Sept 24.-The Germ
 anic dream of Mittelauropa is far from dead. Ink hardly was dry on the German signatures to the
 peace treaty before actual nego- tiations were under way for new alliance which would make possible a development of this dream. The alliance now is completeed and needs only ratification by the pow CTS concerned to create an of fensive-defensive combination which will make every effort to regain its strength again and may throw Europe into war.
 Perhaps here, better than any, where else, it was possible to gath CT together the threads of intrigue which bound it together. Because of the usual conditions prevail ing here with the Roumanians ac- cupying the country, negotiations were rushed to their conclusion in Hungary. For the same reason 1t was much easier to ferret them out in Budabest than in Berln, for here there is very strong anti-German influence headed by Lovassy and his independent party which is closely in touch with the men through whom the negotiations must be finished
 There is no doubt in many quar- ters that an alliance of Germany
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
NeuC Oil Company
Local Parties Become Interested in 16O Acre Oil Lease on
 Dundee Dome

Dollar Starkey of Helena, fiscal
 agent for the Dundee Petroleum
 Syndicate, is in the city and states
 his company expects to begin drill ing at an early date. He says the Dundee Dome is situated in the southwest extension of the Burk- burnett field, Texas, and that very few dry wells, if any, are being drilled in this part of the field. Among the leading interests that have acquired holdings and are now drilling deep wells on all sides of their 160 acre lease, may be men, tioned the Consolidated Oil We'll Co.,, the Humble Oil Co.,. the Tex ola Oil Co.,, the Dallas Trust Co.,, the Mankins Oil Co.,, and number of others. These operations are all equipped with standard rigs, capable of going to depth of 8 1000 to 4,000 feet after deep pools which have been proven on either side of their lease, to the north and south.
 Senator Elmer o. Owens of Yell vile, Ark, is trustee for the Syn dicate, Senator J. T. Robertson of Marianna, R. B Campbell of Helena, and E. E. Hopson of Ark ansas City, are on the board of directors. They expect to drill one
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
First Presbyterian Church

TlrsI EfesDytcFian (nurSn
 Attendance last Sabbath at both morning and evening services was most encouraging. The church is open for all of our regular servi- ces from now on. Sunday School 10:45. Preaching service at Il a. m. All evening services 7:45 on time. Young peoples service ' o'clock. Pastor breaches at Cot trail p. m next Sunday. Spec al services at Brickey at night all next week. Dr. Williamson from Memphis came to Brickey Monday and will remain with us through the week. The quartett from Mar anna have promised to assist us some time in the music few nights next week. A cordial invitation to be present and assist us in these services any way you can. Sub ject 1la. m. "The Christmas ln- fluence". Special music by the choir. Subject at night: 1.-The more convenient season.. Gospel songs and a most cordial fellowship. We are glad to meet strangers and visi- tors in our services.
 WALTER K. JOHNSON, Minister
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
No More Sunday deliveries of ice. Marianna Ice & Stor- age Go.
CARD OF THANKS

To the many friends who were
 so attentive to Mrs Beck during her recent severe illness, and who were so sympathetic and thought ful in their ministrations, we wish to extend our heartfelt thanks. We are especially grateful for the beautiful flowers that were sent. Their fragrance served to remind us of the sweetness of the spirit that prompted these expressions of love
 MIR. AND MRS. E. D. BECK. *3(
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
NOTICE

Sealed bids will be received for the following work: (Paintlng) until October l.: !,
 First-Pairt Seott's Valley School House No 37, outside only. Paint to be furnished by district
 Second-Paint Thorn Grove School House No. 1 inside and out side. Paint to be furnished by dis trict.
 Bids for both houses.
 R. W. HOWARD, Chairman e30
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
SPRAY MACHINERY NOV

Little Rock, Sept. 2t.-A M spray machine, the right kind q spray solution and thoroughpess V all-important factors in the sp's ing business, according to ,, A Knox, hortieulturist with the nsr cultural Extension Division 0i v " University of Arkansas. A N of either means a poor !00 spraying. No fruit grower ' nss ''., ters not how small his orcraiu n be. can afford to be withOu! 'snl M sort of spraying outfit. Fms ss.s ss. fit must be large enough v -' " the orchard can be covered l'l ns. N three to five days time ana ' N. same time be such a na'uls .,s at least 100 pounds of pressure E, e.s be kept on the spray noz1'ss, e. as busy and place an oroel .l ~ nes. kind of sprayer you nseu S' Asisre
 It may De seFeA"
 it reaches you. ,.s dope
 Spraying is useless u un'sss ns,ts < thoroughly, covering :. all rs.i ps,', ,sur the tree, leaf and fruit iss' .ss ns,i a to use and then use that .sa sa'',st N. ve W ao, don,t know how the terial should be used, aSa a.;ou Di sistance from the Ex1en''s' " fres vision of the Univers'sy Y, !" Feli your % local county sslss,i.. assni, is shy of untried spray ma'sl'''u sss .. sI those recommended by ..s the Department of Agfie's"s
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
The First Bapsi.t Church

The regular services at the Bap- tist church Sunday morning and evening. B. Y. P. U. Senior and Junior at seven o'clock Sunday evening. Morning worship and ser mon at eleven o'clock. Subject for mornng sermon: "Is God in Earn est?" Evening worship and sermon at eight o'clock. You will find welcome at all our services. Strangers and those with no church homes are always welcome. This is the peoples church.
 c. L. HAMMOCK,
 Pastor
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
Methodist Church

Next Sunday is Promotion Day" Be on time at 9:45. First Sunday in October is Rally Day. This is the beginning of the Sunday School year. Rev. W. B. Hays will preach on Sunday morning. The pastor will preach at night. A cordial invitation extended to all.
 JNO. A. WOMACK
 Pastor
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
CHURCHES
SAINT ANDREWS CHURCH

SAINT ANDREWS SHoN
 The Rev. c. c. Burke, Rector
 SERvICES-SUNDAYS
 Holy communion, z a. m.
 Church school, 9:30 a. m.
 Maths, II a. m.
 vespers, 8 p. m. ,. Mondays-Bible class and St. An drew's Guild, 3 p. m.
 Wednesdays, Litany, 10 a. m. Thursdays, holy communion, a m. St. Andrews Parish Helpers 3:30 p. m. . Fridays, prayers, litany and in- tercessions for the peace of the world, 7:30 p. m. Holy Days, Holy Communion at 7:00 a. m.
 The services of St Andrews Par ish are being held in the two story house next to the church until the new church is built
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SALE-Five room dwelling, modern cOnveniences, outhouses, gar den, large lot, good property. Will sell for $2,0O0-less than the cost of the improvements. See F. R. Du- puy. @tf
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
CLASSIFIED ADS

WANTED-Two or three rooms for nghthousekeeping, partly fur nisIned for man and wife. Refer ences exchanged. A. G. Wolfe, atGem Jeweiry Store. eff
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

WANTED-Four families, to- clear land and pick cotton Pay every Saturday Good houses to live in. Apply to D. J. McElduff on Kent place, Council, Ark, or T. E. Flaw kins, Marianna, Ark --"Oct. I5
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

One reason why so many people are extravagant these days is that there are a thousand ways to spend money and only one way to save it. Anconla Standard.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

Laugh and grow fat. This me- thod is the only enc now in reach of the average purse.-Greenville s c. )Piedrnont.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
No More Sunday deliveries of ice. Marianna Ice & StOr- age Go.

The nsw German state is forum ate. It has a constitution that hat guarantees peace.-Greenvill { s. O. Piedmont.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26
ch.r,.r No 1Oas4 Reserve No REPORT OF THE CONDITION LEE COUNTY NATIONAL BANK At Marian Arkansas in the of Arkansas
 
RESOURCES

 Loans and discounts including redeounts 2ssa5s1 5 Notes and bills redscounted 743995O 652,235S1 Overdrafs Ovsrd % Unsecured ----.------- 3,14297 U. Government securities owned:
 Pledged to circulation u S. deposits ooo Pledged as collateral other deposits ooooo Owned qU and unPsasrn Gnment securities 4s Stock Federal ubscrpon o favhapre amfui reserve er with due from national o''o0o Net oSsP haa i% 1fa sasS Exchanges for. for clearing a, m house S same @ or town as report
 ing bank oher Item l6l 6l----------co ss1l Interest earned collected approximate Notes and
 Bill Receivable not past i5 aS1S aS S4
 TOTAL -- s9o2 1s6 16 Capital stock paid 80 oso oo Snrnus fund 100000 Isss Gas'sass sars 2ss2ss
 ss Individual deposits subject to eheck--------
 than for money of deposits (othe deposits, subject
 to Reserve, Items s4, s5, s6 S7, ss
 Cother s2ssoss Total of deposits subject to Reserve, , Items 10, Al, 42 and 4s----------- 1o492a2o Other United States deposits including deposits Bills payable other than with Federal Reserve Bank (nclud
 than rediscouns Bills payable Federal Reserve
 TOTAL L---------------- 8e. .l6 Liabilities for pDs dounts including those with sss sd Total contingent liabilities 74s995O
 State of Arkansas County of Lee,ss
 the knowledge Oe"eh A. S. ZIMMERMAN Cashier Correc-Aest J. B. Dagget Grove, Directors
 Subscribed and sworn to before men H this A 25 HoRSE
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SALE-One 20 h. p. h. ternational gasoline engine, in per- feet repair, at reasonable paice, Apply to Courier-Eadex. Oct Up.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SALE-One 6-cylinder Nash touring car, five passenger. Run only 1,200 miles. A bargain if taken at once For further infor- nation address post office box 514. *tf
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SAT.E-Two desirable lots in Woods Second Addition to Mari anna. See T. E.. Hawkins, phone AT. Residence phone 231. *tf
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

MONEY TO LOAN-On improv- ed lands in Lee county. Easy terms. Long time, low rate of interest. c. T. Chandlers agent for Union Central Life Insurance Co.,, +tf
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

or more wells on their lease in the near future. (Advt.)
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

The d have their glorious vacation and eager to get to work again They checking their list of supplies and planning This task is made easy Daggetts We handle complete line of school supplies pencils tablets pens erasers sachel book yor boy or girl needs Send Hddes We'll fit out a queens taste.
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SALE-Used piano, veq cheap. Terms if wanted. Apply T. E. Hobbs. "
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

FOR SALE Pure bred Rhch Island Reds-pullets, Sl.5O, rosS CTS, $2.OO. Plenty of brcilers ~ frying size at market price. Nh J. W. FiIeder, Aubrey, Ark '
The courier-index., 1919-09-26

Old Kind Coal is costly old soul.-Lowell Courier Citizen.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-01-03
CILLuM AND DARCY
SET FOR ELK BOUT

Giiium In In fine shape for his so
with the Portiander lie has been
training hard for the past several
weeks. and II he wins over the Rose
City nan. he j. guaranteed bouts
with the hcst Of the biz men in this
section.
Darcy is considered one OF the lead
ing ring men on the Coast. and *.
poets 10 give Giilum hard battle.
lie has been doing his training in
Portland. and will arrive here during
the day for the bout
Steve Reynolds and Jack Martin
will stage the special event Both
men arc hard hittrru. Reynolds has
a terrific right hand that II general
ly fatal when u lands. Martin Is
from Butte and IL anxious 10 make a
good showing here. 20 a fast bout
should be on tap when these hig Eel
lows ret into tho ring.
Lou Dillon. newcomer from the
: Middle West. Will take on Curlsy
/ vmieucourt. Dillon has an impress
Nlve ring record and Is in good condl
ton for the bout. according 10
Matchmaker Druxf-nan.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-01-03
CHAMP TO PLAY

CHICAGO. Jan. 3.--Augie Kleck-
hefcr. worlds champion three-cush-
ION player. will defend his title for
the seventh time since last Febru-
airy when he meets Pierre Maupome.
OF Milwaukee. in the Windy City.
Monday. Tuesday and Wednesday Of
next week. DE ORC has challenged
the winner for a match TO be staged
here next month.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-01-03

Harry Glilum and Jimmy Darcy
ara all set for their bout tonight.
which will head the monthly s-noker
az the Elks club. which Will be held
In the club gymnasium.
In the semi windup. Bob Harper. n
prime favoritc with Seattle fans. will
take on Joe Harrahan. who was one
OF the hest boys In this section las,
year in the feathcrweight class. He
held the Northwest title In this divi'
sion for some time. and went into re
tlremcnt when he lost to Joe Cor
man, OF Portland.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-01-03
EI.kS' CLUE CARD

Harry Ciilum ~. Jimmy Darcy.
igo pounds
Bob Harper ". Joe Harrahan.
t9S pounds
Steve Reynolds - Jack Martin.
100 pounds
Lou Dillon -. Curiey Balen-
court. 1875 pounds.
Phllo Richardson ~. faekcy
Morrow. i2s pounds.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1919-01-03

the Vancouver melee. But II is not
serious and Wilson VIII start In Fri
days game. stated Mudoon.
The Victoria crew ~ "A powerful
combination. With Murray in the
nets. Moose johnson and Laughlin
will make up the defense, with Les
ter Patrick for a spare.