davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
Desires IreUtu Action
Sends Message to Sen. Hitchcock to Make
 Notifications. DEMOCRATS WILL
 REFUSE CHANGES Claim Treaty Will Be Ratified Without Any
 Reservations.

Washington, July 24 - Former President Taft, who has written to several Repub- lican Senators and leaders suggesting reservations to the peace treaty which might be acceptable to both sides, has opened correspondence on the subject with prominent Demo- cratic Senators.
 Senator Hitchcock. one of the lead ing spokesmen for the administration in the Senate fight, received a note today from MT. Taft.
 The former presidents communica- ton to the Nebraska senator was not made public, but it was understood to be of the same general tenor as those sent to the Republicans, ons for agreement on treaty reservations or interpretations to facilitate ratifi- cation.
 Senator Hitchcock and other ad-
 ministration senators declared today. however, that for the present, at least, they would continue their efforts for ratification without reservations. Ex- pressing confidence that there was no question but that the treaty would be ratified, they said the fight now cen tered on the resolution accompanying ratification in which would be em- bodied any reservations or interpreta- tions.
 Contending that Senate rules re- quired a vote on each article of the ivy irtS they believed they had the votes to defeat amendments to any section as a simple majority only would be re- quired.
 Conceding that strength might de- ve1op to compel acceptance of a rati- fication resolution with qualifying 1 clauses the administration senators said they had not yet been advised by President Wilson whether he would be disposed to accept any in terpretations. It was said, however, that the administration would oppose to the last any qualifying clauses which would require negotiation of ! the treaty.
 InquirinE why the treaty with France proposing that the United States aid that country in the event of an unprovoked attack by Germany has not been submitted to the Sen ate, Senator Brandegee, Republican, | Connecticut, read into the record to- I day a magazine article quoting the l text of the document as requiring | that it be submitted for ratification lat the same time" as the treaty | with Germany.
 | While the Connecticut senator was reading the article a White House messenger entered with a message fror, tbo Dresident
 l Maybe the authenticated text of i the treaty." said Senator Brandegee. 1 Vice President Marshall examined
 the envelope. then replied: 1 T will say to the senator that it is ] When MT. Marshall had opened the ] envelope, however, he found that in- 1 stead it was a proposed extension of the British-American waterways con-
 vention, first adopted in 1928. and he
 again interrupted Senator Brandegee
 to change his announcement.
 Secretary Lansing, who returned to 1 Washington today from Paris. had a 1 long conference with the President at the White House during the fore
 noon, discussing the situation at the peace conference and other matters.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
CANNOT HOLD ENGINEER FOR
 BOYS DEATH

That Engineer D. A. Tucker of the train which killed five-year-old Earl Ede at SprinEdale on July IT is not criminally liable for the fatality is the finding of Coroner Phelan made today. He finds that the death of the boy was due to accidental causes.
 The boy was playing near the rail- road tracks when his older brother. who was on the opposite side of the tracks, beckoned to him to go across. Earl started to do so and failed to see the train, which came suddenly around curve. The boys head struck the side of the electric motor car and his skull was fractured. The engineer said he blew the whistle when he saw the child on the road but thought the boy stopped before he reached the track.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
WANT WILSON
 TO GIVE FRENCH
 PACT TO SENATE

Washington. July 24-A resolution requesting President Wilson to sub init to the Senate the treaty by which the United States would promise to aid France in the event of an unpro- voked attack by Germany, was offered in the Senate today by Chairman Lodge, of the Foreign Relations Com mtttee. Unanimous consent for its members for it's immediate consid ton was refused by Senator Robinson, Democrat, Arkansas.
 Senator Lodge offered the measure after a sharp debate during which Republican spokesmen declared that the terms of the treaty required that it be submitted to the Senate for rati- f1cation at the same time as the treaty with Germany.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
PACIFIC FLEET NOW ENTERING
 CARIBBEAN

Aboard the Flagship U. s. S. New Mexico, Wednesday, July 23-( (By Wireless to the A. P.)-The Pacific eet, en route to the Western coast, to- day entered the Carribean Sea.
 Admiral Rodman stated today he anticipated no difficulties in negotiat- ing the passage of the Panama Canal He has completed his plans for the passage and forwarded them by de- stroyer to the governor of the canal zone for inspection.
 The weather remains excellent.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
STRIKE FEVER SPREADS THROUGH CITY
TO BUILD GIANT A|RSHIPS 1000
 FEET LONG

Washington, July 24-Two gi- gantic ocean liners larger than any ships now afoat and design ed to cross the Atlantic in four days, are to be built by the Ship ping Board. They will be 1000 feet long and of 30 knots speed and will be equipped for use as commerce destroyers in the event of war.
 Announcement was made today by the Board that plans for the ships had been completed and work on them would be under way at no very distant period of time,
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
RUSSIAN TROOPS QUIT BRITISH;
 JOIN REDS

London, July 24-The govern ment has received a dispatch from Major General William E. Ironside. comInander-in-chi on the Archangel front, stating that the Russian troops have mutinfed and joined the Bolshevikf, hand ing over the town of Omega and the Omega front to the enemy. The latter also tried to take the railroad front but were repuIsed.
 There are few British troops on the railroad front and none on the Omega front. General Iron- side now has the situation in hand.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
WALKED INTO MOVING AUTO
 GETS BRUISES

Mary Campbell. of 469 Noble ave- nue is at St. Vincent's hospital re- covering from shock and bruises re- ceived last evening when in crossing Cannon street on Main street, she walked into a moving bus going west. The car was operated by Frederick A. Wheeler. of S4s Carroll avenue.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
81 EX-SOLDIERS SEEKING TO BE
 MADE CITIZENS
Many Italians and One Ger man Included in the
 Number.

ighty-one soldiers who served in the great war will apear before Judge Curtis in the Superior court tomorrow to ask for citizenship pa pers. This is a special session of the court called for the purpose of en- abling service men to become citizens without the usual delay.
 Examiner Church of the Naturali- zation Department of the Deartment of Labor will be present to question all applicants to see if they can quali- fly as citizens. Thirty-six of the ap- plicants are natives of Italy. The only native of Germany on the list is Carl J. Brenner of this city. Next to Italy the largest number. or appli- cants come from Ireland. There are ten from the Emerald Isle. It is ex- pected that all applications will be heard tomorrow.
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
TO NEUTRALIzE ALAND IsIEs.

Paris July 24.---The Baltic Commits sion of the peace conference presented a report today recomm ending that the Finland at the mouth Of the Gulf 63 Bothnia, be neutralixed under si6s guarantee of the Leasue Of Nat16uSsS !
Republican farmer., 1919-07-25
THE WEATHER.

For Connecticut: Fair tonight and Friday; not much change in temperature; moderate west wfnds.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Government Medd.ing
Hurts Business

The fundamental trouble at the bot
tom of all this turbulence in the indus
trial world and this pressure upon the
government to interfere in business at
fairs is in the failure to understand that
there are natural economic laws always
at work accomplishing the end sought
by such agitation, and doing so far
more efficiently and certainly than it
can be accomplished by arbitrary
measures. BY means of these laws ali
the progress of the past has been
achieved. If they are allowed to work
without interference they will work
with great efficacy. but if they are con-
stantly interfered with by arbitrary
.ction the result is nothing but confu-
sion. The government when it enters
the business field is no wiser than
the individual, usually an inexperi-
enced subordinate, who happens to rep
resent 1t, and it is safe general rule
that the more the government NEEDLES
with business, the less efficient busi-
ness will be.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Spirit of Cooperation
Must Be Fostered

The Supreme Court of the United
States, by its decision upon the Adam
son law in 1917, established the para
mount authority of Congress over the
conduct of the railroads, definitely set
thing that the rights of both owners
and employees were subordinate to the
rights of the public. President Wilson
at that time also took the position that,
while the right of an employe to quit
work by himself would not be ques-
toned, the right of body of employees
to conspire to tie up the roads could
not be admitted. Public opinion should
make itself felt so definitely upon this
point that this menace will cease
The present Is a time for earnest
appeal to the intelligence and patriot
ism of every man and woman. The
whole world is in distress; no such
widespread visitation Of calamity has
ever occurred as this. The wars and
disasters of other times have been
nothing to it, because no such number
of people were involved. Millions are
suffering for the common necessaries
of life. Happily, the situation in the
United States is not so bad as this, for
here is food for all and as yet, en-
ployment for all. Industry in this
country is not yet so sdisorganized that
production is generally suspended, but
it may be if the reckless counsels of
ignorant agitators Ars followed Ths
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Prosperity Will End Unless
Production Is Speeded Up
George +. Roberts Urges Cooperation to Rescue Old
world From Distress; Deterioration of Crops
Removes Hope for Lower Prices

people of this country have a great
GUY to perform toward the peoples of
europe, in assisting them to live
through this time of distress and to
restore their industries. For this rea-
SON. as well as to restore normal condi-
tions OF life for ourselves, we need to
operate all our industries at their
highest possible capacity Production
OF al the necessaries is the great want
OF the time: Any action that impedes
INDUSTRY, that lessons production at
this time, is an offence against hui
mIanity. The real cause of high prices
has been the war and the interruption
OF industry. There is no remedy worth
talking about except in production, and
yet the whole industrial world is in a
state OF disorder and ineffciency be-
cause numerous groups of wage earners
are seizing upon this situation to make
demands which cannot be granted. or.
II granted. would have the effect Of
reducing production and thus aggravat-
plain.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
New York Banks
Report $4,000
Reserve Deficit
Figures Fall Below Legal
Requirements for Second
Time Since Federal Re-
serve System Began

The New York Clearing House banks
revealed deficit of $4,000 in their
reserve requirements at the Federal Re-
serve Bank. in the weekly statement
made public yesterday This is the Sec
ond time since the establishment of the
Federal Reserve system that reserves
have fallen below the legal requirements.
Reserves in the Federal Reserve Bank
aggregate $508,905,000, a decrease Of
$60,503, 900 in a week, according to the
actual condition on Friday night. The
daily average for the week indicates q
loss of only $24,877,000, indicating that
the lessening of reserves occurred main
ly at the end Of the week and was the
cause of the shooting of call money rates
up to per cent on Friday. Rates be-
gan to stiffen the day before. 81:
The banks have been running peril
ously close to minimum reserve require
ments for some weeks, and bankers we're
not inclined to look upon the deficit as
dangerous, although it is likely to have
the effect of tightening the call money
market for several days at least. The
deficit is many times offset by the cash
held by the banks in their own vaults,
which does not count in the reserves
Cash in vaults aggregated s97,446, 900
Under the Federal Reserve act the re-
serve for banks of this city must be IA
per cent of their deposits.
In the actual statement loans, dis
counts and investments showed a de-
crease of S34,911, 900, compared with the
corresponding day week ago, whereas
the daily average revealed an increase
Of $eS.e6s,0oo, showing that there was
fairly heavy calling of loans toward the
close of the week. The reserve was
lessened by heavy withdrawal of gov
ernment deposits, amounting approx
mately to 20 per cent of the govern
ment's deposits held here. Then, too, out
of town banks withdrew funds from the
call money market during the week, and
in some instances took their funds out
of the city to pay off obligations to
Reserve banks in the home districts.
Then. too, the easier money rates which
prevailed until Thursday induced the
local banks to buy heavily in the ac-
ceptance market.
The decline in deposits amounts to
only / per cent, and is accounted for
chiefly by the cutting down Of loans.
There were no large financing operations
during the week.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Disturbed World Affairs
Cut Exports $50 Millions
Exchange Rate Also a Big
Cause; Surplus Here May
Lower Prcies and Wages
New York Tribune
Wdshin atom Bureou

WASHINGTON, Aug. 22-Fiscal ex-
perts interpret the tremendous slump
in July exports, which fell $3.50. 100000
below those of June, as rejecting the
unsettled state of the world, and moro
particularly the effects of the abnorm
al condition of international exchange.
They believe that until peace is pro
claimed. the world stabilized and some
means found Of restoring the normal
exchange rate, exports viii continue to
decrease.
The experts say that the checking Of
exports is expected to have pro y.
nounced effect on trade and industrial
conditions within the United States
With the foreign market reduced, they
say, there Will be a surplus of produc
tlon in many lines, followed by prizes
outing, lower living iosts and dis
position either to resist demands for
wage increases, or to lower wages. A
post-bellum ready djustment, it is said
may come much soon than has been
expected.
Imports are increasing, those for
July being the largest in the history OF
the country. The balance of trade is
still enormously in favor of the United
States, but from now on the margin
it is believed, will be rapidly reduced
both on account of decreasing exports
and Increasing imports. Countries
that Immediately following the war
were obliged to obtain vast quantities
of goods from the United States re-
gardless of the cost of exchange are
now striving to reduce imports to the
lowest possible minimum until such
time as exchange improves.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Railroad Brotherhoods
Disappoint Nation

The utterances of the chiefs of the
railroad trainmen are most disappoint-
ing, because the business community
has been accustomed to place conf
dence in these men as intelligent and
well-informed, as we'll as good-inten-
toned citizens. They have always dis
claimed revolutionary purposes, and
certainly the rank and file Of the rail
road orders as individuals are good cit
izens. 1t is true that the chiefs gave
a shock to the country two years ago
when they forced the Adamson law
from Congress under a strike threat
but even SO the business community
was not prepared for the extravagant
utterances which have recently come
from them.
Congress has been proceeding for
some months, as expeditiously as pos
sible, with the task of finding a solu-
tion for the railroad problem. The
proper committees of botn Houses
have had hearings upon the subject
and are formulating bills, it being the
common understanding that there
would be no postponement action and
that some determination would be
reached this year. Indeed, this seems
to be the explanation of the action of
the brotherhoods. They have not been
content TO allow Congress to follow
the normal course of legislation, or to
present their views as other citizens
are invited to. Their demands were
presented in such q manner as to Gre
ate alarm throughout the business
community They carried the idea that
unless complied with the railroads
would be closed to traffic, the greatest
possible disaster which could befall the
country. It is difficult to understand
how any body of men can have such a
distorted idea of their own rights as
to seriously consider the infiction Of
such calamity. Such threat is far
beyond being an attack upon the own
ers of railroad property; it is men
ace to the government and all of the
people of the country. So long as any
probability exists that concerted
action to tie up the railroads
will be taken, that is the most impor-
tant fact in the business situation. 1t
a threat should be made, and that such
a possibility should exist In no other
way is the common welfare and pros
peritv so at the mercy of a group of
individuals, and the idea that any
group should claim such power is in
tolerable. How can men safely plan
for business operations with such a
threat hanging over them? Upon what
theory of social relations can the men
who have happened to be employed
upon the railroads claim the right to
exercise such power over the entire
national ife--to paralyze industry,
throw millions out of employment, cut
off the movement of food into cities,
and dsorganize all the processes of
orderly community life?
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Without Bumper Crops
Prices Will STAY Up

j., In this country, up to the middle of
the year, conditions were encouraging.
After three or four months of hesita-
tion following the armistice, when
there was a slump in prices and en-
ployment, things began to look better,
and by June the outlook was encourag-
ing. There were forces making for
disorder here as elsewhere, as note the
attempts at revolution in Seattle and
winnipeg and numerous disorderly
strikes; but, on the whole, industry was
tending back to a normal state. Wages
and prices were high, but great crop
was in prospect, which promised to re-
lleve the strain in some degree, while
bringing remunerntive prices to the
farming population.
Since July l matters have taken a
bad turn, due primarily to deteriora-
ton in the crops. Unfavorable weather
has so affected them that, while they
are still abundant for our own use,
there will not be the great surplus
which was expected to not only supply
Europe, but FIJI up the empty bins and
cause lower prices everywhere. We
nave no bumper crops, and therefore
the reduction in food and clothing
prices, which is necessary to general
price reduction, cannot be expected.
With the deterioration of the crops
there was a natural stiffening Of prices
in foodstuffs and clothing materials,
and this prompted a buying movement
which carried them still higher. The
buying was not only for home con-
sumption, but for foreign markets. The
June exports were far above any pre-
vious record. Foreign countries bought
heavily of cotton goods and leather,
both of which rose rapidly Sensa-
tional statements have been current in
the newspapers as to what shoes and
clothing would cost next year, labor
troubles have multiplied, and finally
came the extraordinary pronounce
ments of the railroad brotherhoods
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24

time during the war and were closed
down as soon as the war ended.
Many Of the commitments to restric-
tlon OF output made at that time
are ready to be" revived when the
bituminous mine workers make a
demand for shorter time. Large in
creases in wage will certainly be
part Of the anthracite mine work
ers' programme.
However. the scale Of the antlra-
cite reSion is operative until Apr,
l, 1920, and coming after the btu
mlnous contracts are concluded will
be largely influenced by them.
Copyright. 1919. Mc-Graw-Hill Company
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
q. S. Navy Sale of Woollens
Large Lot Offered on Sealed
Bids

Close to 900 yards of woollen
cloth are offered to the trade through
the sealed bid method of sale by
the United States Navy. The bids
will be opened at II a. m, September 4,
in the Office of the Board of Survey,
Appraisal and Sale, at the Brooklyn
Navy Yard. Schedules Of the cloth
offered and bid forms may be had by
application to the board in Building
No. Is at the Navy Yard.
The textiles offered include 81 1926
yards of 9-ounce all-wool black serge
104,300 yards of 11-ounce navy blue
flannel and unfinished worsted, 1920
yards of to ounce cotton and wool
dark blue flannel, 10000 yards of IA
ounce navy blue kersey cloth, 14,9Oo
yards of l6ounce light blue cloth,
5000 yards of 16-ounce scarlet cloth.
1864 yards of 22-inch forest green
melton and $4,000 yards of 24-ouncc
burella gray cloth.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
British Chamber of
Commerce in Germany

According to information recently
received by the American Manufact-
urers' Export Association and pub
lished in that organizations weekly
bulletin. the British Chamber of Com
merce in Germany has been estab-
llshed at 1873 Hohestrasse, Cologne. The
new chamber was established to pro-
vide a medium of connection between
British manufacturers and German i'm
porters and vice versa. The aggregate
capital OF the ~arms represented in the
chamber ia more than $3.50 900 600 and
its members employ over l,745,O00
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Why Marks Are Sl,,nn ping
NetC York Tribune
Special Cable Service
1919. New York 11ib,,us Inc

Copyright. 1919, New York 1rib,Ine Inc)
BERLIN, August 23.-The Copen-
hagen CORE spondent of the "Vos-
siche zeitung" asserts that one rea-
son for the latest sharp depression
of the German exchange is the fact
that numerous American agents are
waiting there to place large orders
in Germany for dyes, chemicals. all
kinds of toys, medical preparations.
etc. These Americans, according TO
the correspondent, are exertinc a
speculative pressure upon the Ger
man exchange in order to buy at the
cheapest possible prices.
The correspondent adds that an
other reason for the decline of the
value cf the mark is that the plan
OF calling in German securities
for stamping has led to an indis-
crlminate selling of the securities
which had been sent abroad in laroe
amounts to escape taxation. At Co.
logne yesterday the mark reached
new low level, pound sterling SELL
ing for 100 marks.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
Ethyl Alcohol Situation

Expectation of large quantities of
ethyl alcohol has diminished the
amount on the local market for de-
maturing. The domestic demand, it
is reported, continues steady, but it
is not large enough to warrant extra
production. The supply on hand, it
is said, about equals the market needs.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
BY George E. Roberts

''ce-f f'es'dent National City Bank
of NeaU York
lNE months have passed since the
armistice was sgne,. and the
world turned it's face toward peace
but it is still a long way from normal
conditions. The governments Of the
countries that were at war are spind
ing money far beyond their revenues
and as yet there is but little reorgani-
Eation Of industry for peace purposes.
In Europe, where the disorganiza
tion was far greater than in this
country, production is nowhere near
normal as yet. On the Continent the
destruction of property, loss of life.
deterloration of railway property and
OF industrial equipment, confusion of
currencies and collapse of credit make
a situation which under any circum-
stances would be difficult, and when
the revolutionary social agitation is
added it becomes desperate. In Eng
land the physical losses are not 50
great, but the social agitation is bad
enough to interfere seriously with re-
cOVerY.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-24
HOLIDAYS This Week

MONDAY-In Brazil Estate of Es-
plrito Santo), Mauritius, Uruguay.
TUESDAY-In Switzerland (Basle)
WEDNESDAY, - In French Indo-
China.
THURSDAY-In In Bulgaria, Greece,
RumaniH Russia, Servia (haf -holi-
day..
FRIDAY-In Salvador.
SATURnAY--ln Argentina. Perm