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The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01

a NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF
AMERICANS
Organized at Ohio State University.
APRIL, 1871.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01
Nuts.
(Continhed from 1st Page.)

did nothing but loaf around the
agency whose head was practically
as much doctrinaire in the prin-
ciple of ''laissey-faire."
Under the plea of protecting the
Indian himself from his white
neighbour, laws we're passed to
keep him upon his reservation,
thus practically making him a
prisoner. The concentrated camps
of Gen. Weyler during the rebel
lion of the Cubans prior to and
during 1898 were no more mental
ly cruel that that feature of the
Intercourse Law (still unrepeaIed)
which kept the Indians within
bounds of reservation.
There we're no visible steel bars
or barbed wire fences but there
was an unchanging law stronger
10 operation than construction of
metals. Today, according to law,
where there are reservations the
Indian is under constraint even
though enlightened public opinion
disregards the legal aspect of the
situation.
DR.. Montezuma and such men
as share his opinions in general
are right in demanding abolition
of the reservation system, demand
ing individual allotment of lard
without restrictions, conference of
citizenship and the rights and
privileges and responsibilities
which accompany American clti-
zenship.
Such men ask no favors for the
citizen of Indian blood beyond
those extended to the citizen of
white blood; they believe the In
dian is able to take care of himself
if left alone to make his efforts, as
the white man is when making his
struggle for self preservation. .
And naturally DR.. Montezuma
and his co-thinke7s wish to abolish
strictly so.called Indian schools,
and to release the Indian child to
the care Of state public schools
which would be his right % the
child Of an American citizen.
Wardship is a condition out of
keeping with modern times, and
the new idea of democracy EN-.
pEasizes this.
This country more than ever
before is committed to the recog
milton of the inner spirit of democ
racy, and was so idealistic as to be
willing to fight, and did fight for
the principle of world democracy.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01
500 Reward, 500

The readers Of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there 10 at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able to cure in all its stages and
that is catarrh. Catarrh being greatly
Influenced by constitutional conditions
requires constitutional treatment. Halls
Catarrh Medicine is taken internally and
acts thru the Blood on the Mucous Sur
faces of the System thereby destroying
the foundation of the disease. giving the
patient strength by building up the con-
stitution and assisting nature In doing ITS
work. The proprietors have 50 much
faith in the curative power Of Halls
Catarrh Medicine that they offer One
Hundred Dollars for any case that 1t fails
to cure. Send for list Of testimonials.
Address F. J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo.
Ohio. Sold by all Druggists. 75c.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01
News of White Earth
and Vicinity.
~a0m10nnnn~
~ know nor what the truth msy be.
ifeN II as twas told to me-"

think IN INTEREsT-SAvE--
PAY your subscription.
Theo. B. Beaulieu was a Detroit
caller on Tuesday.
Mrs. A. J. Powers and her sis
ter Mrs. B. p. Six, we're Detroit
visitors last Saturday.
Don't forget the base ball dance
tomorrow night in the dining hall
at the boarding school.
Attorney F. D. Beaulieu autoed
to Detroit on Monday.
Sam Mooers and Attorney Fred
Dennis, of Detroit, were business
callers at the agency Office on Fri
day las5.
Sweet Peas, Spencer and Grand
flora series, for sale. Theo. H.
Beaulieu.-Adv.
Mr.. Kinney, of the United States
Forestry Bureau, Washington, d.
c., was a guest of Superintendent
w. F. Dickens for 4 few days
during the past week.
The ball game played here last
Sunday between the newly organ
lied employees team and the
Waubun team resulted 10 crush
ing defeat for the latter, the home
team scoring "a runs to Waubun's
2. Come again boys.
In our local column last week
we made mention of the death of
the II year old son of Es quay
gah- bow, and stated that burial
took place in the Episcopal GENE
terry, this was a mistake as the boy
was buried in Calvary Catholic
Cemetery.
Remember, May 1st is ''clean
up" day; get busy and remove
your winter garbage, manure and
other refuse. Don't delay as it
may occasion YOU added tax cost.
And don't forget to put your pigs
in bounds.
Miss Anne Rogstad, County
Superintendent of Schools, paid
the White Earth public schools a
visit on Monday and we learn that
she was we'll pleased with the
marked progress Of the pupils and
expressed the warmest esteem for
Miss Meredith and Miss Mitchell,
the teachers in charge.
In recent letter to his father,
Will Burnett writes that he is
temporarily laid up on account of
having volunteered TO blood trans
fusion. A fellow soldier was sick
and it was deemed advisable to
have some blood transfused into
his veins in order to insure his life
and volunteers were called for this
purpose; it seems that there was
considerable hesitancy so young
Brunette volunteered to undergo
the ordeal. The first operation
did not seem to effect him hut on
a second contribution being asked
and granted, it left him in a very
weakened state and which confined
him to bed for several days. He
is located at Cape May, n. j.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01

Joe Bement, of Waubun, attend
ed the ball game here Sunday.
Mrs S. Roy and Mrs. A. J.
Mcintosh: of Beaulieu, were White
Earth visitors the first of the week.
The supper given by Miss Mere
dith and Miss Mitchell, teachers in
the district schools here, at the
school house last Saturday evening
was a grand success, the schools
realizing nearly $40 by their
effort. The money is to be used
to buy base balls, bats, foot ball,
basket ball equipment, Indian
clubs, and other athletic goods for
the use of the school children.
Arrangements we're made during
the past week whereby tue Beau!ieu
cottage at Aunwaybewin, White
Earth Lake, will be entirely reno
waited and the same will oe con-
Quoted as a summer resort during
the coming outing season. Two
lots were sold during the past week
and the purchaser plans building
summer homes thereon at an early
date.
--THINK IN INTEREST-SAvE-
Mr.. John L. Spratt writes The
ToMAHAwK from Kansas City,
Mo-, that he is now enrolled for a
complete course in Automobile
Mechanics and Tractor Engineer
ing at the Rahe Auto & Tractor
School of that city. The Rahe
school is one of tue best of it's kind
in the United States, ard no doubt
Jack" will be we'll repaid for the
time spent there.
-Tn1NK IN 1NTEREs1-sAvE-
May 1st is, by executive procla-
nation, Arbor Day; also by Tuwn
Board Ordinance this day is the
beginning of cleaning up day.
All persons are directed to clean
up all refuse from their premises
as also from the village streets and
have the same carted away to the
dumping grounds west of the
village. If people neglect to clean
up their premises within a reason
able time the Town Board will
proceed to have same looked after
and the cost thereof added to the
taxes of the said premises. All
stock will also have to be kept in
bounds after the date mentioned.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01
Always Miserable.

Jcnes-You secm to be always mis-
cradle.
Smith--So 1 am. Life has no pleas
ure for me.
"What is the mattcr::''
"Anxiety about MY future robs me
y! "ne-l,alf of present joy. and rcmorse
Tor my past life gets away with tn.
.ther half. .-Jexas :>.tiincs
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01

Now is the time to pay that
subscription.
The Tomahawk. [volume] (White Earth, Becker County, Minn.) 1903-192?, 1919-05-01
A Slam.

A Slam.
Mrs Noel-"My husband has had
dyspepsia dreadfully lately" Mrs.
Nock-"1 am so sorry, but I had no
,dea you were without a cook."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
DANGERS IN GASOLINE
HANDLING ARE SHOWN
Long. Continued Use Should Not
Lead to Undue Familiarity
Supply Mans Advice.

"Long-continued use of gasoline
should not lead to undue familiarity
or carelessness with that tricky and
more or less dangerous liquid" says
William F.. O'Connor. secretary and
treasurer of the Southern Automobile
Supply Company.
he adds, "is SO obvious that the av-
let's 1t go at that. But why 1t is
dangerous. and where the greater
dangers lie, are questions with which
he concerns himself but little.
Probably the most serious danger
from gasoline lies in the fact that
the vapor is very heavy and color
less. There is seldom any visible
indication of it's presence. 1t may
accumulate at the bottom of a closed
room or on the floor Of garage, and
the dropping of lighted match Is
all that is needed to start something.
when allowed to accumulate in
this manner its explosive power is
ings have been blown out from Just
such a cause.
Care must be taken to avoid such
acoumulations. Keep the premises
ventilated so that the vapor will be
dissipated as rapidly as 1t 10 formed.
In filling tanks be careful not to spill
the liquid. A most dangerous device
10 Q gasoline sprayer used to clean
motors. II should never be used In a
garage, and not even in open air under
certain conditions.
III gasoline 10 to be kept in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
EMBARGOES ON AUTOS STOP
EXTENSIVE SALES IN EUROPE
Demand Cannot Be Satisfied Unless Ban Is
Lifted, Says Secretary of Automo-
bile Chamber of Commerce.

There is a strong demand for motor
cars in Europe which cannot be sat
listed unless the embargoes over
there are raised to permit American
cars to enter. according to C. C.
Hanch. secretary of the National Au-
tomobile Chamber of Commerce. who
has just returned from a four-month
investigating trip in European coun-
tries.
the motor car and motor truck to
such a marked degree that a big
potential market for utility cars and
trucks, especially for cars, exists in
Europe. This is evidenced by the
strong demand over there now, where
secondhand cars are selling at some
times twice the figure paid for them
when new four or five years ago.
England Permits Some Imports.
England has permitted imports of
so per cent of five-twelfths of the
1918 importations, but France and
Hanch feels that the countries over
there can take all the cars which
the home firms can produce and all
of the American vehicles which are
available above domestic require
ments,
"I was greatly surprised to see the
expansion of the foreign factories as
a result of war needs. Many of them
will be able to produce more motor
cars than heretofore. 1 cannot say
that they will soon be very strong
competitors of the American product,
because their factories are not de-
signed nor are their people trained
for producing in what we call mass
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08

Hall at $50 pm. Police protection is
being provided by Mai. Pullman. so
that members may leave their cars at
the eth street wharf.
1t is earnestly requested by the as
ISOLATION that each member bring a
guest. preferably one engaged in the
automotive business. who is not a
member of the association.
Sports and contests will be staged
during the atterpoon. for which prizes
will be given. These Will include a
baby carriage race, nail driving con-
test. potato race. monkey race. human
wheelbarrow race. leap-frog race. So
yard dash, base ball game, golf driv-
ing contest, throwing the ball contest,
standing broad jump and quot throw :
ing contest.
A number of the Washington auto
mobile firms have stated that they
will close their places of business at
] pm on June 10, in order to give
their employees a chance TO attend the
outing.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
Will Take Over State Roads.

Every mile of highway on the ma
tional system constructed by the
states of a standard deemed sufficient
by the federal highway commission
Will be incorporated in the national
system, and an equivalent mileage of
state highway constructed by the
federal government by way of recon-
pense. This" continues Mr.. Jameson,
will fully recognize the great outlay
and the progressive spirit of some of
the states in main highway construc-
ton. In the states where Uncle Sam
is a great land owner the mileage of
the national highway system will be
increased according to the area held
as federal domain. These two excel
lent provisions guarantee common
sense equity in the administration of
the Townsend bill.
Definite purpose, with definite
means of accomplishment, are specif-
ically set forth in the measure. A
connected highway system of ma
tional importance limited to not less
than per centum nor more than 4
per centum of the highways through
out the nation is the object clearly
set forth in the bill. Its method of
accomplishment is through the me-
dunn of a federal highway commits
sion with we'll defined responsible
ties. There will be. no twilight zone
in which the purpose and scope of the
federal activities become confused or
conflicting. Equally definite is the
provision that the system. because of
it's national Importance. shall be paid
for out of the federal Treasury, and
to this end an appropriation of s425,-
10000 available over fve-year
period is provided
while the federal agency is given
power and made responsible for sur
veys. construction. repair and main
tenance, a provision of the bill en-
ables the commission to utilize the
facilities of the state highways de-
partments for this work on a practi-
cal basis of co-operat ton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08

house or the garage. the temperature
Of the place should be as nearly even
as possible. This will do away with
any dangerous vapor pressure, which
would force gasoline out of the tank,
or might even cause a leak The best
storage place for gasoline is in an
underground tank. where it's sur
roundings are at a low temperature
all the year around.
TN pouring gasoline into a tank or
other receptacle, the operator should
be careful not to breathe the fumes.
since these have been proved by scien-
lists to be highly injurious to the
human system"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08

production" The demand for motor
cars, however, is SO great that not
alone all the European product can
be sold. but in addition many Amer
lean cars. provided the embargoes
are raised which will permit their
Importation.
THE importers of American cars
abroad have made strong pleas for
the raising of the embargoes, now
that the war is over. 1t is worth
noting that there is only one ear for
every four hundred people in France,
twenty-five in England, while there
is one for every eighteen in this
country.
Labor Situation Acute.
The labor situation on the other
side is acute. with the final outcome
great deal in doubt. The influence of
all kinds of labor unions has in
creased, but ! feel that the thinking
minds of Europe will ultimately bring
about a solution of the differences Of
opinion between labor and capital.
The exports of American motor car
manufacturers are at the rate of
about $125,000,000 a year, which is
about 10 per cent of their total BUSH
ness. 1t is felt that the increasing
recognition of the worth of our prod :
uct will shortly bring material in
crease. Last year we shipped to
eighty-two different countries, includ-
Ing twenty cars and three trucks to
Iceland
THE war was a great thing for the
! automobile industry on the other side.
because 1t demonstrated that the mo-
Tor car was no longer a luxury, but a
highly improved form of transporta-
! ton"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
HOW WATER IN CYLINDERS
HELPS KEEP ENGINE COOL
Also Why It Prevents the Formation of
Carbon Is Described by Automobile
Trade Journal Expert.

The following article on the effect
ders and how and why it helps to
keep the engine cool and prevents the
formation of carbon is by an expert
writing In the Automobile Trade
Journal:
Water introduced into a gasoline en-
! CINE cylinder shows an effect more or
less pronounced on first, the cooling;
second, the lubrication: third, the
quality of the mixture or power of
the engine; fourth. the thermal eff
cheney or percentage of power in the
fuel actually delivered as power;
fifth, the carbon deposit.
Effect on Cooling.
After water reaches the boiling
point, PIP degrees Fahrenheit, in or
der to be turned into steam of the
same temperature, some five times as
much heat is required to change the
water into steam as to raise the same
amount of water from the freezing
point to the boiling point. 1t is thus
apparent that even a small amount of
water thrown in with the charge will
absorb large amount of heat from
the metal of the piston and exhaust
valve when turned into steam, pro-
vided. of course. the heat comes from
the metal rather than the burning
gas This is undoubtedly what hap
pens. as may be demonstrated by
dropping water through the flame of
the oxy-acetylene torch. which is
much hotter than the charge burned
in the engine. 1t will be found that
drop of water will pass through the
flame without being appreciably
warmed, whereas it would be turned
into steam instantly when dropped on
heated piston. A single drop on a
piston heated to redness will turn the
metal black for several seconds for
some distance around the SPOT it
strikes on. and with the oxy-acetylene
torch playing directly on the metal
l say pistons and exhaust valves for
the reason that the cylinder walls and
Inlet valves would not be of high
enough temperature to vaporize the
water. j..
There is no question but that a we'll
regulated amount of moisture in the
charge would maintain a more uni
form temperature of the cylinders,
pistons and valves.
Help to fabrication.
Water has considerable lubricating
qualities in itself; so much so, that
- S1..''"S'S - oohc StSdiH eusiHcs
are entirely fabricated by the water
of condensation. Water on the CYL
inder or piston walls would benefit
the fabrication both by it's own ac-
ton and by reducing the amount of
oil burnt or vaporized before it has
worn out"
A small amount of moisture seems
to have a noticeable effect on the
mixture. This is noticed frequently
when driving a car from a dry at
mosphere to the moist air adjacent to
waterfalls or rapids. or in the even
ing dew. l would maintain that the
moisture has little effect on the quail
ity of the mixture, and attribute the
noticed increase in power in large
part to the larger volume of gas ad-
mitted to the cylinder because of it's
lower temperature and, consequently,
more dense composition. Experience
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08

moisture added to the charge when
the engine is throttled down slow is
apt to cause misflring, whereas the
action is wholly beneficial on open
throttle. My experience has been
that injecting water as a fine spray
is the best way in which to add the
moisture, and that on the flexible au-
tomobile engine some means for au
tomaticaily shutting off the water on
closed throttle is necessary for it's
successful use. The objection to
steam is that it's entrance into the
manifold would raise the temperature
of the charge, thereby lowering the
amount of vaporiZed gas and air ad
mitted to the cylinder. and would not
aid carburetion because of its COM
ing into the charge after carburetion
has already taken place. 1t would
also lower the heat of the combus
ton by being held in suspension in
the charge.
Where Thermal Efficiency Benefits.
The heat absorbed by the cooling
system is seldom less than third
and frequently more than half of the
total amount of heat or power con-
tanned in the fuel. This is a dead loss
and reduces the thermal efficiency
just so much. On the other hand, the
steam generated in the cylinder in
creases the pressure and does some
real work.
In the flexible automobile engine
the amount of heat developed varies
greatly and is directly dependent on
the amount of fuel burned. whereas
the cooling systems effect varies di-
rectly as the speed of operation. 1t
Is thus apparent that either the en-
CINE is not properly cooled on heavy
load, or is working at very poor eff
cheney on ordinary load. BY providing
some means to regulate the quantity
of water fed in proportion to the
amount of fuel burned, reducing 1t to
minimum or shutting it off entirely
on high load and causing it to flow
in direct proportion to the amount
of gas burned or only opening on
heavy load, we have ready means
of regulating the cooling to maintain
the best efficiency of the engine.
How Carbon Is Removed.
When steam is brought into contact
with glowing carbon water gas is form
carbon. The steam is decomposed by
the carbon and is broken up into it's
constituent elements. hydrogen and
oxygen. The free oxygen then combines
what happens in an automobile or other
internal combustion engine. AS soon as
the carbon heats to redness it is con-
sumed by the free oxygen liberated from
the steam. Carbon in the engine does
not harm until it accumulates to con-
siderable quantities, before which time,
if moisture in sufficient amount has
been present in the charge, it will have
disappeared. While steam is undoubt-
eddy the condition of the moisture at
the time Of final action. find that it
makes no difference whether it is fed
into the charge as steam or as water
If the latter, as soon as it Is exposed to
the heat inside of the cylinder its con-
dition would be the same as if fed as
ste IN.
10 summarize, a small amount of
moisture in the charge when the engine
Is working hard would aid cooling, espe-
cially that of the piston and valve;
would economic on the oil consumption
and give better fabrication; would in
crease the power of the engine by in
creasing the thermal efficiency and
would eliminate carbon.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
Another Wise Provision.

Another wise provision of the act
is to meet conditions in those states
which have large sums from bond
issues available for immediate ex-
penditure. In such cases the COM
mission may arrange it with the state
to go ahead and build it's part of the
national system and be reimbursed
out of the federal appropriations.
THE administration of the federal
aid road act is transferred from the
Secretary of Agriculture to the fed
eral highway commission, but all pos
sibility of conflict with state laws is
removed by requiring that the Sec
rotary of Agriculture shall cooper
ate with the commission whenever it
is necessary to meet the wording of
state statutes.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1919-06-08
DAY OF EMANCIPATION
FOR AUTO MEN JUNE 10
Trade Association Plans Outing at
Marshall Hall, Nd, for Mem
bers and Guests.

Tuesday. June 10, has been set aside
as Emancipation day for the men,
bers Of the automotive and associated
fraternities of Washington. and will
be fittingly celebrated by an outing at
Marshall Hall, Md, under the auspices
of the Washington Automotive Trade
1t will be real play-day, and every
thing in connection with it will be
furnished free to the active and asso-
ciate members of the association. The
boat will leave 18th street wharf at
2:30 pm. returning, leaving Marshall