davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
Personalities in the Neus
F0ch M0urns Death of His Son

another boy from the Pyrenees country
and one who loved it as much as he
did. His name was Joseph Cesaire
Joffre. Side by side these two worked
In the classroom, and side by side, some
forty years afterward. they worked for
the salvation of France.
HE was graduated with honor. and
then was sent to Fontainebleau for
further military training. From that
day his life was a series of deserved
successes. Steadily he advanced from
lieutenant through the various ranks
OF an army officer until he became a
MAJOR, but there was nothing spec
tacular about his rise. No exploits
on the red path of adventure took him
to far corners of the world or caused
him to be acclaimed at home as a con-
quering hero, for unlike Marshal
Joffre, who had years in Indo- China
and brilliant victory over the Tuaregs
in the marshes of Sudan, Major Foch
was stationed at various posts in
France. Thus twenty years passed and
then we find him in Paris, a professor
OF military history, strategy and ap-
Piled tactics in the Superior School Of
War. From there he was sent to the
field again, and this move was followed
by other changes of rank as we'll as
location, for he was steadily promoted.
until In 1913 he became a general and
was assigned to the command of the
Twentieth Corps and stationed at
Nancy.
I'm dozen other places he proved.
as he had proved in Lorraine and at
the Marne, that he was the greatest
strategist in the world So what was
more natural than, when General Joffre
retired, that the governments choice
for his successor should have been
Ferdinand Foch? But there were dark
days ahead, for they faced mighty
ana remorseless foe, and as the weeks
dragged on and a crushing German Of
lenslve came, it was decided bv the
Allied chiefs that one master mind
must direct the Allied operations. and
all thoughts turned to the slender.
blue-eyed commander, Ferdinand Foch.
His own son was of that multitude
of gallant Frenchmen who died on the
field of honor, and, as one writer saws.
The laying down of arms meant to
him not leisure to wear aureIs, but
the right of heartbroken old fatbo,.
to sit again by his hearth, desolate
now, thinking back upon happy days
and forward to a reassembled group
IN the house not made with hands. -,
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

has distracted many other hosts and
hostesses until he determined with an
energy that always claracrerlred hin,
10 put a stop 30 such an abuse of his
hospitality. One evening Re was 60.
ing an exclusive and cSpcnsive nusi-
cal when ne met by chance ne~fect
stranger wondering through MS draw
ing room. Discovering thaf tA. aa-
bidden guest had 20 invitation. he or
dered him from the house. li was un-
fortunate that William Waldorf As.or
did no listen 70 the EXPLANATION. ,ha.
the stranger was Adm raj SIR Bor1clv
Mine, o. the then Prince of Wales's
household, and tat ne had heea
brought 20 the concert t~ Cons..elo
Duchess Of Manchester. with whom ne
Tad been dining
There Is no dou5t thar Lord Asto-
has achieved most of hr ambitions
since he turned hIs hact on An.rrica.
His services in the ~ar ,saae a.,n a
baron ia 1915 Hs soa foIa- en cav.-
able position ln H,4sh ari istocracv.
where the father madr nis u4y ir site
cf every rredic. ~ fa. contrary,
HIS estate. "a England are 80 ,he
anest He has s'u4ied tse e.s cations
of America. England an8 lts.. The
only questions are Has re rof fhe ses.
they had to ofer' H.. hs erai.a
given him ail fhe "d~,isaff - t-apri'-
And would he haEe hesa d sags.tt 1855
If he tai taste5 soa~ a- r
bean soap ai Ne'fer>
And. lastly. does Lord p te, Old
man NJ retirement rear Br'~tto,. s,4n
o''ieFe' ~ ac erote tu $500. fsss -Ns
o"e 20 'seaItr 'hr great sdsaa,ss 8
, 4n4 pleasures tAat A1c can onels
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

oitlon, made a confession alleging h,e
association in the kidnapping of Char
lie Ross back in 1874, and stated that
Charlie Ross was dead. Some ,sr,a-
less and enterprising editor in search
OF an interesting feature propounded
an interesting question. How larre
ransom would be demanded of NJ
and Mrs. Waldorf Astor If their SON
Waldorf were kidnapped? Inspired bv
the possibilities of this question. New
York journalism opened it's columns
for debate, until articles. letters and
interviews began appearing in the
press throughout the country. Thinos
became very unpleasant indeed for Mr.
and Mrs. Astor.
Every day the postal department to
which Mr.. Astor had once appealed
presented him with stacks of letters.
advising, threatening, demanding money
and offering assistance. 1t seemed as
though every crank in the country had
taken passionate interest in DOS
slble kidnapping. From a possib;litv
began TO verge on reality.
until several attempts were actually
made to kidnap young Astor. and Mrs.
Astor's health broke down under the
strain. Finally William Waldorf Astor
came to the conclusion that there wa,
no safety for his children IN America.
and, alarmed on their account and bv
has wlfe's health, he transferred his
nome from the United States 10 Eng
land. Again the deep annoyance and
bitterness which fell to his share and
much Of his subsequent urpopularity
can be laid to the doors Of the vaults
containing his real estate titles and
his industrial certificates. William
Waldorf Astor's wealth more than his
personality pushed him from America
to more congenial soil.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
The Tavo Wise Men Of Germany

printed the item and commented
upon it widely and favorably. DR..
Mueller is we'll liked in Switzer-
land. When the correspondents
would call up to inquire whether
he had accepted, the answer daily
for nearly three weeks was mot
yet" No reason for the delay in
accepting the post was given. Buc
when on January 20 he finally be-
came ambassador, he remarked tri-
umphantly:
But l have made them clean up
the darn place"
During the war Berne had been
the greatest centre Of German in
triguc in Europe The old regime
OF Germany was credited with main
tanning 500 agents in connection
with the German embassy, all mud
ding or attempting to muddle world
politics. 1t is against these agents,
especially against the spirit which
these agents represented, that Dr.
Mueller had fought and had fought
seemingly successfully before ac-
cepting the post of ambassador
MY diplomacy" DR.. Mueller said
to me. will be the antithesis Of
what the word has come to imply.
1t will mean absolute clearness of
statement and honesty of purpose.
The war has wrecked the old di-
plomacy; it has wrecked militarism
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

Few men in Sheffield have done
more than Mr.. Fisher, both to edu-
cate public opinion and to assist
the government during the war"
Upon his appointment to the
cabinet post it became necessary to
md a seat IN Parliament for him.
Without delay he was elected to
represent the Hallam division of
Snetfeld University. Both parties
lndorsed him and his candidacy was
unopposed. His choice to the
0aoinss was not political and his
speeches later were not partisan,
although IN reports of Parliamen-
tary debates the letter L, meaning
Liberal, follows his name.
Mr.. Fishers assumption of the
outles of President of the Board of
Lducation (the official title of the
munster Tor Education) was hailed
Dy the press as an indication that
'oe government intended to carry
through a real programme Of re-
construction in this field. In pre-
V'ous years the post had been used
ny Prime Ministers as a resting
Place for political appointees whose
@'talnments did not cntitle them to
"nat We're considered the more i'm
poftant portfolios, such as those of
'oreign Affairs or the Admiralty.
consequently new presidents of the
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
Not Al Delight

That was over forty years ago. and
still wealth did not take all the thorns
from the roses that fell on his path.
Forty years ago if was not 4s easy
as it is now to break into British
aristocracy. Goodness was the reward
OF many OF his attempts and. accord
ing 10 reports. mary OF mis- old Amer
can friends avoided him. But it can
not be said that he always attempted
to curry favor. His tactics for break
ing into the British ring were more Of
the battering-ram kind It may have
been the knowledge of the power his
millions gave him that made him some
thing of a martinez in his London
drawing room.
For instance, he was much annoyed
by absolute strangers nocking - his
entertainments habit in London that
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
. HE ending of the war does
not mean the ending Of the
troubles Of the generalissimo

not mean the ending of the
troubles of the generalissimo
who conducted the operations
during the last eventful summer.
With the ladrels of victory that a
grateful world has bestowed on Mar
shall Foch there is also a legacy Of
deep sorrow. He is returning home,
desolate father, to mourn the death
of his only son, who died in battle.
Katherine D. Gather, writing of the
commander in chief in the August
number Of "The st. Nicholas Maga-
zine" points out that, like General
Joffre, he was born in a Basque viii
lage in the Pyrenees, and that the
hero of the Marne, who was born
near by, was later one of Foch's
schoolmates.
"What boy wouldn't have been inter
ested in history, if like Ferdinand Focl
he had grandfather who fought under
Napoleon Bonaparte? His grandfathe,
not only fought under the great EN-
peror. but fought so valiantly during
the Peninsular wars in Spain that he
was made a Chevalier of the Empire
Nothing delighted the boy so much as
did the visits of this grandfather and
to sit beside him listening to tales of
those famous campaigns was better
than reading the most fascinating story
book ever written.
Then, when he was thirteen, came &
change His father, who was Secretary
of State of the province in which they
lived, was appointed to an office in the
Department of Aveyron. A little later
there was second move, to Saint
Etienne, near Lyons; and several years
after that, when he was about eighteen,
he went to Metz to become student
at the College of Saint Clement. But
the war with Prussia came. Storm
broke where serenity had been, and he
rushed away from college to join the
army
"lf anything very thrilling happened
during those days of soldering there is
no record of it, and as soon as the fight
was over he went back to school. But
what change had come over the town.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

philosophy Of the Iron Chancellor
Professor Forester attacked this
Bismarck cult before the war and
ne fought it even more bitterly dur
ing the war. Hence it is that as soon
as the revolution subsidized in Ba-
varla and the revolutionary gov
ernment assumed more or less sta
hlllty it was Professor Forester,
a non-Socialist, that the Social
lst Minister President, Kurt Eisner,
appointed as Ambassador to Berne.
Foerster's personality is interest
ing. His father before him had
been an educator and he was
brought up "konsequent religion
slos'-consistently without confess
sion Of faith. Later Forester came
to Christianity of his own accord.
Ethics, social reform, and especially
reform among criminals, became mis-
lifework. He travelled through
England and the United States
some twenty years back, and some
of his books on criminology had
been translated into English.
II can we'll understand" Pro-
fessor Forester said to me, in the
course of an interview at his home
ir Zurich, "the spirit of revenge in
Allied countries. l am not blind
to what the German army has done
to the north of France and Belgium.
| can readily understand what ha-
tired the sinking of the Lusitania
and the Zeppelin raids provoked,
but for the sake OF future humanity
these acts must not be made the
foundation of new hatreds.
Germany is moving toward
democracy. But, true to the Ger
man character, she is protecting
slowly and deliberately. We are
digesting the heavy experiences of
recent years which refute in radi-
cal manner the course which Ger
man civilization has followed in the
past fifty years. Necessarily the
change which is going on in the
German heart and mind will be
slow, but it must not be mistaken
or even denied"
At this point Professor Forester
came back to America and the in
terest that America takes in the
criminal. Citing some of the prog
ress which America has made in
recent years in the treatment of
juvenile delinquents and of Grim
inals generally, Professor Forester
said:
AS you see, it is now becoming
universally recognized that even TO
a criminal must be held out posi-
bilities for better activity and hon.
est success if he is to be regencr-
ated. How much more, therefore,
IS it necessary to let know great
people that has fallen in error that
the rest of the world Will not ex-
clude it from the most elemental
means of new life 1t is essential
that friendship be held out to the
German people as speedily as pos
Sihfa -
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
KnoNn As Historian

ln America he is known chiefly
s Il historian. In 1909 he visited
Boston to deliver the Lowell lect-
Tres OF the subject Of "The Re
publican radition in Europe His
best known work this side Of the
Ylater is a little book on Napoleon
published by Henry Holt as a part
Il the Home University Library
which has beer assigned as text to
classes in history at Columbia
What does Mr.. Fisher think of the
United States and their relation to
England?
In speech on May IA, 1918, in
which he praised American univer-
sites for their work in shaping pub
lie opinion during the early days of
the war, when America was still de-
tached from European affairs, ne
said:
Eve Great Britain and the
United States are now linked to-
gether, and l for one believe that
the union between the great English
speaking races is to be an enduring
union. 1t will not require any writ
ten or formal text to cement it, as
it is founded upon the possession
not only of common language and
a common civilization, but on an
outlook upon life which is common,
much as we may be tempted at times
to insist upon trivial and superficial
differences. ! have travelled in
America myself, and the more | saw
of the great republic the more | was
convinced that the differences were
superficial and the resemblance pro-
found.
But | feel it is of the greatest
importance that from time to time
learned men from America should
come here to show us how we look
in the mirror of American public
opinion, what errors we have COM
mitted and how we may retrieve
them, because it is only by such a
process of instruction that we shall
really arrive at that complete popu-
lar and mutual understanding which
is the truest basis of political life. y
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
His LUXURY Tax

William Waldorf Astor has had to
pay heavy personal tax for his hun
dred millon- dollar fortune in currency
of personal inconvenience and charac-
ter He has paid heavy financial taxes
on his American property besides, in
spite of his change of citizenship.
William Waldorf Astor was a young
man when he had his first lesson that
wealth had habit of working two
ways. With the death of his father
his immense inheritance automatically
made him national figure. He and
his millions came in for the usual dis
cussion in the press. He was not only
a multimillionaire but leader in
New York society, and millionaire So
ciety men were fewer then than they
ally, he found himself precipitated into
one of those arguments of which
America is so fond. On the decease
of his mother he claimed for his wife.
nee Mary Paul, of Philadelphia. the
title of Mrs. Astor, on the ground that
he was the head of the entire Astor
family.
His aunt, the late Mrs. William AS
tor, was unwilling to concede him the
social precedence. holding that his wife
should be distinguished by her Chris
tian name. SO it began with a simple
family argument, such as only an IL
lustrious branch Of the Four Hundred
would even make into an argument
The trouble was that they carried il
too far. Both nephew and aunt ap-
pealed to the postal authorities as ar
biters, asking to which "Mrs. Astor"
they would deliver letters thus ad-
dressed. Naturally the newspapers
heard of it, and then the fun began
fun for the public but not for the
Astors. Various publications took diff
ferent sides, until the whole thing re-
suited in lively public debate Who
really was Mrs. Astorg II is too long
a search to find how the question was
decided, but Mrs. William Waldorf 4 81
tor was much distfes sed at tre whole
affair and Mr. Astor found lie grow
ing suddenly miserable by being called
upon by focks OF reporters for ex-
plantations of alleged utterances at
tributed to himself or TO his aunt II
all happened because Mr. Astor mad 4
fortune amounting TO some Sloo .0o0. -
OOO
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

in Germany. But if Germany is to
remain really free of militarism in
the future no ground must be left
for militarism to grow. The ground
nest favorable for the growth
Of militarism is hatred between ma
tions. 1t is against this that I raise
my voice. Hatred must cease"
Mueller is the opponent of the old
regime on the political, economic
and social field. Professor Forester
was the opponent of the Hohenzol-
lerns on the ethical and cultural
field.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
Fighting The Bismarck Cult

DR.. Forester was a professor of
philosophy and ethics at the Uni
versity of Munich and at various
other universities in Germany, Aus
tria and Switzerland. He is the
sort of professor whose teaching
always runs counter to established
politics. The principal thing Pro-
fessor Forester was running coun-
ter to in Germany up to the No
vember revolution was the Bis
marck cult. While in the army cir
cles Bismarckism went over into
junkerdom of the worst order, in
civil life Bismarckism was held up
as a model for the German youth
to follow. Professors were writing
books and treatises expounding the
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
By Elias Tobenkin

wv USE MEN do not always
AA travel in threes. In Ger
v Y many they seem to. go by
twos. The two wise men
Of Germany to-day are DR.. Adolf
Mueller and Professor F. w. Foers-
ter. Both come from Bavaria. Both
seemingly are keeping out of Ger
man local politics by holding am
bassadorial posts at the same cap
ital--the most important capital in
Europe, by the way--Berne, Switz-
erland. DR.. Mueller is the German
ambassador at Berne and Profess
sor Forester the Bavarian ambas-
sador at the same place.
At every crisis, however, or threat
of crisis, in German affairs, the
name of DR.. Mueller or of Profess
sor Forester Immediately bobs up.
The two men are Germany's dark
horses. For some time DR.. Mueller
had been spoken Of as one &C the
delegates to the peace conference
in Paris. "Ill health," however,
prevented him from accepting the
post.
DR.. Mueller is { Socialist. He
is the former editor Of the Munich
POST" an influential Socialist daily
in Bavaria. He is fifty-thrce years
old and had spent thirty-threc years
Of his life in the Socialist movement
q Germany. For many years he
served as Socialist representative
in the Bavarian Landtag.
Professor Forester, Mueller's
closest colleague, is not a Socialist.
He claims to BE a man of no party.
But the Democratic party of Ger
many nevertheless claims him. He
derives his prestige with radicals
because he was appointed to his
post of Bavarian ambassador at
Munich by Kurt Eisner, the father
of the Bavarian revolution" and in
dependent Socialist.
DR.. Mueller was graduated from
medicine into newspaper work and
craftsmanship. He was a physician
before he became a Socialist editor
and statesman. His ambassadorial
task in Switzerland is chiefly to win
back for Germany the friendship of
the world, to get Germany back into
the family of nations, and Berne,
which has been called the capital Of
Europe" is the base from which he
operates.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
Frank and Cynical

There is good deal of Lord Astor
IN those words. There is the cynicisnl
and the Unborn pride that has made him
almost the legendary mark for journal
istic ridicule. Also, however, there is a
sort of frankness, a dislike of sham
that has always been one of his most
admirable characteristics. There is
nothing of the Diogenes about William
Waldorf Astor, and he admits it, He
even gees so far as to imply that he
is narrow man with snobbish con-
victions. 1t is safe 70 say that W. w.
Astor has never eaten bean SOUP a la
Thoreau, but he has never desired it.
He has desired to be what he has
made himself aristocrat with the
means of making aristocracy a pleasure.
But now that Lord Astor is an old
man, retired and wearied with the evo-
lutions Of society where he once exer-
cised an active mind, it is probable he
thinks sometimes Of the disadvantages
that wealth has brought him in the
train of the benefits he once cata-
logued so complacently. If he has con-
cluded that wealth is something he is
right, but he must also have found
wealth is something not OF unalloyed
joy 1t is William Waldorf Astor's
wealth and his wealth alone that has
given him during his lifetime torrent
Of undesired publicity that has made
him stand before the American public
as an unpopular and misanthropic
figure. Money more than anything
else drove William Waldorf Astor
from America and made him for several
years a man without any country at
all and finally a much criticised ex-
patriate. And finally money is strong
contributory cause in making him the
sort of man who wrote the essay on
wealth for The Pail Mall Magazine"
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

French boy to swallow. Soon after
ward, when he was not quite twenty,
came word from Nancy that examina
tions were to be held for the Poly
technic of Paris, where youths were
trained for service of the state. He
passed with honor and went to the
great seat of learning, where he found
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03

Metz was no longer French, but Ger
man, and the Prussan eagle scared
where once the tricolor had hoated.
Soldiers Of William and Bismarck were
quartered even in the college, and i'm
porious German officers sneered at the
students, who were compelled to salute
them. 1t was bitter medicine for a
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
He Leares 4mericG

This was a mere bagatelle 20 wha;
'oilowed shortly afterward A burg
IN the sos, captured in a d..ng coA-
New-York tribune., 1919-08-03
Easy of Manner

Mueller has all the ease and
"gemiithlichkeit" Of Munich and
Bavaria. But with his ease of man
ner he combines a strength of char
acter that is unshakabe He was
in Berne engaged in working out a
plan for an international Socialist
news agency, sort of a Socialist
Reuters or Associated Press, when
the call reached him to take up the
post of German Ambassador at
Berne. The Swiss newspapers