The Southern herald., 1919-08-15


lie and Industry are % be restored
All that we shall do ia the mean
time to restrain profteerihg and put
the life Of our people upon a tOlerabIe
footing will be makeshift ard provi-
sional There can be no settled condi-
uon here or elsewhere until the treaty
Of peace is out Of the way and the
work Of liquidating the war has be-
come the chief concern of our govern
ment and Of the other governments OF
the world.
Europe Will not. cannot recoup her
capital or put her restless. distracted
peoples to work until she knows exact
ly where she stands in respect to
peace; and what we will do is for her
the chief question upon which her qui-
etude Of mind and confidence Of pur-
pose depends. While there is any pos
ability that the peace terms may be
changed Or may be held long In abey-
ance, or may not be enforced because
OF divisions OF opinion among the pow
ers associated against Germany, it is
IDLE to look for permanent relief
Immediate Relief Measures.
BY way OF immediate relief, surplus
STOCKS OF both food and clothing in the
hands Of the government will be sold and
OF course sold at prices at which there
Is no profit. And by way Of a more per-
manent correction Of prices surplus
stocks In private hands will be drawn out
OF storage and put upon the market. For
tunately under the terms of the food-con-
troll act the boarding Of foodstuffs can
De checked and prevented, and they will
De, with the greatest energy. Foodstuffs
can be drawn out OF storage and sold by
legal action which the department of
justice Will institute wherever necessary;
out as soon as the situation is systematic
cally dealt with 1t is not likely that the
courts VIII often have to be resorted to.
Much OF the accumulatlng OF stocks has
no douDt been due to the sort OF specu-
lauon which always results from uncer-
tainty
Would Have Prices Plainly Marked.
would also recommend that It be
required that all goods destined for in
terstate commerce should in every case
where their form or package makes It
possible be plainly marked with the
price at which they left the hands Of
the producer. Such a requirement
would bear close analogy to certain
provisions OF the pure food act, by which
1t is required that certain detailed in
packages Of foods and drugs.
And It does not seem to me that we
could conflne ourselves to detailed
measures of this kind, il il is indeed
our purpose to assume national control
of the processes of distribution.
take 1t for granted that that is our
purpose and our duty. Nothing less
will suffice. We need not hesitate to
handle national question in a ma
tional way. We should go beyond the
measures have suggested. We should
formulate a law requiring federal
license Of all corporations engaged in
interstate commerce and embodying in
the license, or in the conditions under
which 1t is to be Issued, specific regu-
lations designed to secure competitive
selling and prevent unconscIonabIe
profits In the method of marketing
Law Would Do Much.
Such law would afford a welcome op-
portunity to effect other much-needed re-
forms In the business OF interstate ship
ment and In the methods of corporations
which are engaged in It; but for tho mo-
ment l confine my recommendations to the
object Immediately in hand, which is to
lower the cost Of living.
We are dealing. gentlemen OF the con-
gress, need hardly say, with very critical
and very dihicult matters. We should 20
forward with confidence along the road
I'VE see, but we should also seek to COM
prehend the whole Of the scene amidst
which we act, There 10 no ground for
some OF the fearful forecasts hear ut
tered about me. but the condition Of the
world Is unquestionably very grave and
we should face It comprehendinRly, The
situation Of our own country IL excep-
tlonately Fortunate We OF all peoples
can ahord to keep our heads and to de-
termine upon moderate and sensible
courses OF action which will insure us
against the passions and distempers which
are working such deep unhapplness for
some Of the distressed nations on the
other side OF the sea,
But we may be involved in their dis
tresses unless we help, and help with en-
ergy and intelligence,
Disregarding the surplus stock In the
hands Of the government, there was a
greater supply Of foodstuifs in this coun-
try on June ! Of this year than at the
same date last year In the combined to-
tai OF a number OF the most important
foods In dry and cold storage the excess
Is quite 10 per cent. And yet prices have
risen.
law department Active.
The attorney general has been making
careful study of the situation as a
whole and of the laws that can De ap-
piled to better It and is convinced that,
under the stimulation and temptation Of
exceptional circumstances, combinations
OF producers and combinations of traders
have been formed for the control of sup
piles and of prices which are clearly in
Nf NJ
ecutions will be promptly instituted and
actively pushed which will In all IikelI-
hood have a prompt corrective effect
There is reason to believe that the prices
OF leather, of coal, of lumber and Of tex
tiles have been materially affected by
forms Of concert and cooperation among
the producers and marketers OF these and
other universally necessary commodities
which It will be possible to redress. No
watchful or energetic effort will be
spared to accomplish this necessary re-
suit. ! trust that there will not be many
cases in which prosecution will be neces
sary. Public action viii no doubt cause
many who have perhaps unwlttingly
adopted Illegal methods to abandon them
promptly and of their own motion.
Retailers In Part to Blame.
There can be little doubt that retail
ers are in part-sometimes in large
part-responsib for exorbltant prices
and it is quite practicable for the gov
ernment through the agencies I have
mentioned, to supply the public with
fun information as to the prices al
which retailers buy and as to the costs
OF transportation they pay in order
that 1t may be known just what mar
gin Of profit they are demanding. Opin-
ion and concerted action on the part Of
purchasers can probably do the rest
Let me urge, In the first place, that
the present foodstuff control act should
be extended both as to the period of time