davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-05-09
MILK BOTTLE WASTE.
A Cause Of High Prices Which Any
City Observer Can Verify.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUS-Sir: In
a report made by dairy experts of the
Department OF Agriculture who have
Just completed an investigation of the
staggering waste OF millions OF milk
good reason for the present high cost OF
milk.
The report says the average milk
bottle makes only seventeen trips before
Il is broken or lost and for every Gus
toner who has quart Of milk delivered
at the door each day the dealer in the
course of year has to supply twenty
new bottles
The investigation was conducted in
eighty-six cities and showed that the
average milk dealer buys 1859 new
bottles a month, while large dealers buy
more than 10000 bottles a month. which
are largely. though not entirely, replace
ment stock.
In sixteen cities more than s.000.0
milk bottles are collected annually from
the city dumps. In some cities the bust
ness carried on by junk dealers is one of
the most serious sources of milk bottle
to dealers In the city, but often ship
them to other towns, as most States
have no laws restricting such traffic.
While the statements contained in the
report may prove rather surprising to
the average New Yorker, they Justify
the belief that IL the milk dealers In this
town paid more attention to collecting
the empty bottles than they do to in
crcasing prices the price OF milk would
be much lower to-day than II is.
Amy one who lives in an apartment
house and has paid a visit to the cellar,
where usually the empty bottles are
thrown around by the milkman who
takes them of the dumbwaiter, will not
be n bit surprised to learn that millions
of bottles are wasted annually. And
the sad part OF it Is that the public
rlust foot the bill b.
NEW YORK. May s.
The sun., 1919-05-09
BASEBALL FANS IN LUCK.
A New Stairway Adds to the Pleasure
OF Sunday Games.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN--Sir: Just
a few words OF appreciation for the i'm
provements which the marlborough has
made In handling baseball crowds at the
155th street station on Saturday and
Sunday afternoons. ! am sure that the
majority of baseball fans who for the
last two or three years have put UP with
the almost intolerable conditions which
prevailed at the station outside OF the
Polo Grounds will agree with what I
say.
Memories OF the hopper" through
which the public was forced TO squeeze
itself TO reach the platform above still
linger with me. Each time l went TO
the Polo Grounds vowed It would be
the last. While the grand old national
game looked good TO me, II did not have
enough attraction TO make me want 10
go through that ordeal at the station
again, even to see ball game
Last Sunday. after the first game
played on the Polo Grounds under the
local option law was over. It was with
fear and trepidation that l made my
way to the station. l expected to get
had in years gone by. and l was not dis
appointed. The old pushing, showing
mob is still extant. and ] had an eX-
tremely difficult time in getting my feet
OH the stairs But once on the stairs
the pushing crowd below showed me 10
the top. whore I bought q ticket without
trouble.
But what a surprls, awaited uIe after
passing the ticket choppers box. In
stead of the single divided stairway
leading to tho platform above I found
that during the winter the Interborough
had put through new arrangement by
which it is possible for the baseball
crowd to use two platforms, And better
still. the congestion on the single stair
way is relieved so pei cent. by the open
ing of another stairway to the left.
Those who like TO be showed and JOS
tied can have their desire gratifled by
using the old stairway, but those who
like comfort-and this applies TO the
women fans-can find 1t ON the new
stairway The main point is that base
ball patrons are receiving some consid-
Grafton from the marlborough.
New SoRK, May S. FAN.
The sun., 1919-05-09
WHY?
A Pertinent Inquiry Into Our Activity
Among the Slavs.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Be-
fore we become wholly lost In the League
Of Nations will some one enlighten us
on the following questions:
understand one OF the basic princi-
pies enunciated by our President in con-
nection with the Fourteen Points was
except on the authority, clearly ascer-
tained, of the will of the people affected
thereby. Surely a thoroughly sound
principle. Now here Is Question No. |:
On what authority have the two slav
States been created7 Has an Intelligent,
honest vote ever been had OF the peo-
pie affected? Czecho- Slovakia ! UNDER
stand embraces Bohemia and Moravia.
in both of which the German population
predominates. and n large slice Of the
old kingdom OF Hungary, in which there
are to-day approximately 100000 Ger
mans, 100000 Magyars and 100000
Slavs, with 100. 900 to 200, 900 people OF
other nationalities.
In other words. here is Slav State
made up in which hardly one-third OF
the population are Slavs Did these
people knowingly. of their free will. vote
to become Slav State under the Slav
name of Czecho-Slovakia? Or Is the form
ing Of that organization the work Of a
few schemng Slav politicians?
understand that much the same state
OF facts exists relative to the popula-
tion of the other Slav State, Jugo-
slavia; that the Slav population Is in
even a greater minority there.
If such are the facts, would II not
be we'll to halt the forming and guaran-
teeing of the independence OF these
States until the people affected can be
authoritatively heard from?
Jugo-Slavia, ! am told, is largely a
country OF mountaineers. covering the
territory of the lesser Alps, and its peo-
pie are a mixture OF races In which the
Slav does not predominant.
Question No. 2: Why under any
circumstances should the United States
mix up in the making OF these Euro
pean States7
Question No. 3: II we do mix up.
| as a party to the supernation. "the
League OF Nations" will we not be
bound to assist in their maintenance by
armed force II necessary?
Question No 4: How would 1t look,
Mr.. American Voter. to keep an army OF
our sons of half million OF men doing
police duty throughout Europe?
F. L. HIrcHcoCK.
SCRANTON. Pa. May 7.
The sun., 1919-05-09

and uniforms for this army, and per
haps later would have been the means
Of putting them all on the payroll.
AS THE SUN said of the bill, even II
an emergency existed which called
for nh auxiliary police force this was
not the right measure for its establish
ment. And, as no such emergency
exists, there was n double reason for
putting bad bill to death. The
Mayor pays just tribute to the work
Of the police reserves and their chief,
Deputy Police Commissioner WANA-
MAKER. They were men who did ex-
cellent work during the emergency of
war. We think most Of the reserves
will agree with us that it would not
have been we'll to turn their splendid
organization into a Municipal Guard
that might be dangerous both finan-
cially and politically.
The sun., 1919-05-09
EVENTS TO-DAY.

Victory Loan Drive. day and night.
opening OF the Roosevelt Memorial TX
hin',G. in The 60 AEery Library OF columbi.
den Theatre. s 80 r. NJ
Everett Dean Martin will speak on The
Contribution OF the Present Generation TO
the Evolution of Democracy" Cooper
.Forma! dance In honor of the officers
OF the army and navy under the auspices
ft the sigma Pei Kappa Sorority. Hoe.
Dr. Lyon Gardiner Tyler will speak on
some Points of Contact Between tn
Colonies of Virginia and New York." New
YORK Genealogical and Biographical So
clety; 226 West Fifty eighth street. s $50
Meeting of Columbia University Club:
address by Col William Barclay Parsons
For,y.third street , p ?. NJ donovan yves
Centenary celebration OF the birth Or
Walt Whitman; speakers, Dr. william
Lyon Phelps Lampson. professor OF Eng
uei McChord Crothers, essayist, OF Cam
bridge; Hamlin Garland. novelist Thomas
b. Harmed. coeIecutor OF the Whtmau
estate: Arthur NJ. Howe, editor: Joseph
and Louis untermeyer poet. 8 and s p. NJ.
Rathaptel Picture Corporation. dinner,
Hotel Aston, r. NJ.
Macdonald Lyceum OF 81. Asness Church
Home Again" In honor OF their $50 mem
6ers returning from the worlds war. Palm
Garden. p. NJ.
The stuyyesant PLAYERS will present
When Old New York Was Young" Stuy-
vesant and Ninth streets s: 80 p. NJ
Conference on Child Welfare Standard
under the auspices OF childrens bureau O..
Washington; RAYMOND V, Ingersoil W.
preside, Washington Irving High Schoo
10 A NJ: night session. S;15 p. " {; D..
$. Josephine Baker presiding
The sun., 1919-05-09
The Creator OF the Wizard OF OF

Nothing can take from us the Wiz
ard of or and his inimitable retlnue
of odd, ingenious, grotesque followers,
but his creator, l.. FRANK BAUM, Is
dead, and he leaves no successor in
the field his genius made his own. To
him children of all ages owe debt
of the kind which can never be re-
paid: hours of golden pleasure, endur.
fun, unallOyed by any labored effort
to point moral or enforce n lesson.
The strange creatures Of his active
fancy are amazingly appealing as they
are always amusing.
Mr.. BAUM had remarkable gift
for the grotesque, rare sense of
humor, a splendid sense of balance.
Through all his works there is woven
a fine simplicity, an Interpretation of
childhood and it's unlimited imagln-
ings, which make a mockery of time
and space and natural laws but al.
ways retain their firm foundation in
the commonplace and easily compre,
hended experiences of human life. The
Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow--
with whom MONTGOMERY and STONE
will be forever affectionately identified
were essentially human beings, and
all their adventures were human ad.
ventures. The Cowardly Lion was an
exceedingly human lion; more human
indeed, than lionllke.
1t was Mr.. BAUM's good fortune
and the public's, that he could appeal
to his followers through many chan.
nels. His books, formally dedicated
to children, were rs eagerly read by
adults ms by those for whom they
were originally intended. To be able ia
rouse and hold the interest OF young.
sters and their elders Is an unusual
The sun., 1919-05-09
The New Force in the Public Life
OF America.

If the hopes and expectations of the
founders Of the American Legion,
which Is meeting in national conven-
ton in st. Louis, are fulfilled, that
society will enlist in its membership n
large majority Of the men who wore
the United States uniform in the great
war. An earnest effort Is to be made
to keep 1t free from sectlonalism and
party politics.
1t should not be necessary to point
out the tremendous power such an or
ganization as this will WELD in ma
tional affairs. The exclusion OF party
politics from its councils will not spell
participation in politics by it's
members, and 1t Is obvious that its
force will be potent for many years to
come in determining the legislative
and administrative policy Of the coun-
try. From the men who compose it
will come the leaders of all parties.
Its standard bearers will naturally
have the sympathy and good will of a
great body of electors In any project
they put forward. an advantage nom
members of the order will find it hard
to overcome.
1t will be of great interest to watch
the effect such an organization pro-
duces on the Solid South. The politi-
cal isolation of the States comprising
this section is acknowledged to be irk-
some by many of their farsighted
citizens. The political unwholesome-
ness Of their situation is recognized
and admitted in private by many sin
cere Democrats. The smashing of the
politically Solid South is desirable
not only for the sake Of the United
States but for the sake of the South
itself. The South had hundreds OF
thousands of men in the army. and
If these Join with their brothers in
arms from the North and West in n
great fraternal organization. active in
public affairs of all kinds, there may
he consequences ms yet unforeseen OF
the greatest benefit, not to any party
but 10 the country as whole.
The sun., 1919-05-09
REALTY OWNERS RIGHTS.
They Cannot Be Disregarded Because
Of Unfortunate Conditions.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SuN--Siy: The
recent efforts made by the Legislature
to prevent owners OF real estate from
Charging beyond a limited rent on as
sessed value Of property. and also to i'm
pose on them certain restraints In the
use of their property, are of seriously
questionable validity and will attain no
beneficial result.
The Legislature has no power in the
manner suggested to limit or fix the in
come of real estate or impose restraints
upon its free use and enjoyment with
out compensation.
Such acts contravening the constitu-
tional rights of owners of real estate
have no legal effect and are at least
voidable.
This conclusion, think. Is governed
by a few principles that are elementary
and we'll settled.
The Court of Appeals, citing long
list Of ad1udicated cases in Forster Va
Scott 1873 N. Y. Reports, page SIT, de-
cided by a unanimous bench that when
ever a law deprived the owner of real
estate of the beneficial use and enjoy
ment OF his property or imposed re-
straints upon such use and enjoyment.
/. deprives him OF property within the
meaning Of the Constitution and Is void.
All that is beneficial in property
arises from its use and the fruits of
that use, and whatever deprives a person
OF this deprives him of all that is desira-
bic or valuable in the title and owner
ship.
The only rational way to remove this
trouble Is to erect habitable sbodes in
plenty and allow the safe rule OF de-
mand and supply to operate as 1t should
in reference to real estate as well as to
personal property.
The present abnormal condition is at
tributable largely to the Government in
its Interference with construction. Ex-
cessively high wages and high price of
materials are the deterrent factors
against immediate construction.
Builders are unable to figure out even
! at present high rentals an adequate re-
turn on investment
The Ill timed interference here referred
to tends to postpone the desired result
New YORK, May 8. G.. w. MACA.
The sun., 1919-05-09
Banks and Bonds.

In every community there are o
few men and women who say they
are not going to buy Victory notes
but are going to ''let the banks take
them"
These persons betray a singular ig-
norance of the functions and business
Of the banks.
A bank is not factory in which
discs of metal and slips Of paper
are stamped with the dollar sign to
be distributed as money.
A bank is n shop that deals in
money.
Some persons go TO the bank and
deposit in it their money. The bank
pays them with interest, with service
or with both for the use of it.
Other persons go to the bank and
borrow from 1t the money which has
been deposited in 1t. These persons
pay the bank for the use of the
money.
This is the banking business. 1t is
the business to which the banks
should stick for the good of all.
1t is plain that IL bank does not
obtain sufficient money from its de-
positors to meet the requirements of
borrowers 1t cannot fulfil Its function !;
and IL bank lends all its money to
one or q few borrowers loans cannot
be made to others who also want to
borrow.
If all the banks should lend all the
money they had to one borrower other
would-be borrowers must go without
money. If all the banks should lend
most Of the money they had to one
borrower money for other borrowers
would of course be scarce.
If the banks lend all the money they
have to the United States they can
not lend any to business men. II they
lend most Of 1t to the United States
there will be only little left for
business men. The larger the banks
investment in Victory notes IS, the
worse off business will be for money,
and the worse off business is for
money, the worse off every American
| will be for a job, or for raw mate
rails, or for finished products, what
ever he may want.
Letting the banks take the notes
Is a sure way to restrict business,
obstruct the expansion Of industry,
and delay the restoration Of sound
commercial prosperity.
But If the tremendous Offering of
Victory notes Is taken by the people
and paid for out of their future earn.
ings and income, or out of money they
have boarded, and the banks are not
called on to swallow the notes, there
will be comparatively little difficulty
in providing money for business.
The country, through millions OF
small investors. can absorb the Vic.
tory Loan without putting strain on
| the money market and thus hamper
ing business. That Is what should be
done.
Buy the Victory notes.
The sun., 1919-05-09
ScOLDING A PROPHET.
An Unreasonable Man Analyses the
Hackensack Seer's Work.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUS-sir: How
Is 1t possible for a charlatan like the
Hackensack self-styled weather prophet
to secure valuable space in your reading
columns for the presentation of his vaga-
ries? To make matters worse, add
tional space is accorded him to wiggle
out of his false predictions.
The writer took the trouble to keep
his recent prediction regarding the April
weather. He predicted that April OF
this year would be the coolest since
1915. AS a matter of fact, to go back
no further than 1915. April of that
year and Of 1917 showed lower aver
age mean temperature.
He predicted that there would be a
blizzard on or about the 2Sth. There
was some cold weather. as there always
is in April. but no blizzard. He predict
ed that there would be floods in the Ohio
Valley as a result OF the blizzard. There
were no floods. And yet this prophet
comes out at a later date justifying his
predictions. A. s. ARMAoNAc.
NEW YORK, May s.
The sun., 1919-05-09

was held on September II, 1918, and
that within month the approach of
the urmistice was accepted rs signify
ing the closing Of hostilities, with con-
sequent relaxation of the feeling of
responsibility among men subject 10
draft, the conduct of a great many of
the 100000 possible delinquents Is
further explained.
Mr.. MATHEWS, the Assistant United
States District Attorney who Is to
prosecute the draft evaders in this
district, says that hundreds OF them
went to sea in merchant ships. If
their object was to avoid danger they
made a poor choice; and how they
were able to ship as merchant sailors
when they had not fulfilled their OBJ
legations under the selective service
act Is difficult to make out. Seamen
were subject to close scrutiny during
the time we were fighting Germany.
For the men who ran away to Mex
leo and to South American countries
because they were afraid to fight or
lacked patriotism there should be
prompt and exemplary punishment
whenever they can be brought to JUS
tice. Public policy and respect for
the millions of men who submitted
cheerfully to the draft require this.
But the number of these does not
reach 100000, and the public should
carefully differentiate their cases
from those of others who went wrong
through mischance or ignorance.
The sun., 1919-05-09
SIR THOMAS Upton IS GUEST.
Irish Sportsman Dined by Some
Old Friends Here.

Sir ThomaS Upton was the guest ~
Michael Hayward Cox Of Boston last Mig .
at a dinner in Murray's Roman Garde0.
Forty second street, which was attendr !
by a number OF the old American fire d.
and acquaintance of the famous lrsa
sportsman.
There were no speeches and no toas'-
master, but several Of the guests to't
anecdotes Centering around Sir Thomas,
and n song In honor of the guest, write
by Alexander H. Revell ~ Chicago, was
sung. There was music by several sing
ers and a string quartet The guest1,
besides Sir Thomas included John +.
Fitzgerald, former Mayor OF Boston D..
Simon +, Cox of Yale University, job"
McGlyn of Troy. Thomas Il. Lee of Prov
idcnce and Martin W. Lttleton. james
IT. sullivan, Edwafd NJ. Tuerney. Josep'
NJ. Lennon, Mortimer VI. Kelly, john e.
Cavanagh and Charles L. Gehrng or
New York.
The sun., 1919-05-09
Redemption.

MONK EASTMAN has won something
in the war worth more than money,
worth more than fame, worth more
than anything else the State can con-
fer on a mamie has won the privi-
leges of American citizenship.
He was born to those privileges, and
held them lightly. Before he lost them
for cause their value was unknown to
him. SO their value is unknown to
many others now, though not 10 as
many as was the case few short
months ago. But the privileges OF
American citizenship, valuable always
beyond computation in any material
medium of standards, higher than
ever to-day, are understood better by
those from whom they have been
taken than by most Of those who pos
sess them and have come to look on
them as commonplace attributes of or
binary existence.
EDWARD EASTMAN Is the name by
which this redeemed American should
be known hereafter. Governor SMITH
has restored him to the status he lost.
! That restoration Is the reward of
honest, faithful" service in the army
in France: service testified to by Ed
WARD EAsTMAN'S officers, shown in his
record. which was exceptional" in
the official phrase.
We dare say EDWARD EASTMAN will
not again lose the privileges of citizen
ship. He knows how much they are
worth he worked hard to earn them.
The sun., 1919-05-09
Fiune.

When Belgium would not be path
And broke the Teuton dream in wrath
The world It's praise bestowed:
We paid our homage to the land
which made the brave. immortal stand
"A country. not a road"
Come dreamers OF pretty dream
Who see beyond your streets the g,oam
OF Adriatic blue;
Remorselessly their way they take,
Unheeding of your heart they make
A pathway out OF you.
Your glory also would We sing,
For we have heard your challenge ring
Your answer 20 the goad:
And every lover OF the free
Prays heaven YOU may ever be
Italian, not road.
McIASDBuRoH WILSON.
The sun., 1919-05-09

The amendment OF three State in
surance laws to afford protection
against damage caused by airplanes
compels consideration OF the perilous
status OF the pedestrian in the not
SO remote future. When the road
ways Of the upper air become crowded,
ond every now and then bolt or an
iron rod or a whole plane fails to earth
to prevent life from becoming dull and
boresome. the survival OF the flttest
will reach its glorious height for
, those who keep their feet or the
earth. Only the species who have
eyes at every angle and at the top OF
the Uranium, ears attuned to catch
the slightest sound tremor and nerve
control equal to the most sudden
emergencies will be able to stop look
and listen effectively enough to live
a few years,
The sun., 1919-05-09
500, 600 Siackers.

II the statement, attributed TO the
Department OF Justice, that there are
between 100000 and 100000 draft
evaders in the United Statss>subject
to prosecution is read without refer.
ence to other statistics Of the draft
Ii Is somewhat humiliating. But
when 1t Is considered that the num-
Der of registrations in 1917 and 1918
was 23,456,021, and that the highest
estimate of the number OF evaders is
less than I 1-3 per cent. of this, dis
quiet is relieved.
When 1t Is remembered, also, that
the last reglstratlon-that of men
from Is to - and from 80 to As
The sun., 1919-05-09
ECONOMIC PEACE IS NEAR.
Conditions Caused by War VIII
Quickly ReadJust Themselves.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-ST. This
war is over belligerently. and some Of
us are afraid OF the economical results.
Economically It will end with the same
suddenness as did the actual fighting,
Labor and capital will adjust them
selves to the new conditions with the
same rapidly with which our boys made
good "over there" Many of our So
called capitalists have in the past been
laboring men, and they understand
laboring conditions in the United States.
It will not take long for us to adjust
ourselves. Down with the pessimists!
MARCEL STEINBRuGoE.
New YORK. May s.