Putnam County herald. (Cookeville, Tenn.) 1903-1922, 1919-10-23

ARTICLE 2O-The members of the
league severally agree that this cove
nant is accepted as abrogating all OBJ
legations or understandings inter sc
which are inconsistent with the terms
thereof. and solemnly undertake that
they will not hereafter enter into any
engagements inconsistent with the
terms thereof.
In case any member of the league
shall, before becoming a member Of
the league. have undertaken any OBJ
legations inconsistent with the terms
of this covenant, ii shall be the duty Of
such member to take immediate steps
to procure its release from such obli-
cations.
ARTICLE 21.-Nothing in this cove
nant shall be deemed to affect the va
lidity of international engagements,
such as treaties of arbitration or re-
gionsl understandings like the Monroe
Doctrine. for securing the maintenance
of peace.
ARTICLE 22.-To those colonies and
territories which as a consequence Of
the late war have ceased to be under
the sovereignty of the states which
formerly governed them and which are
inhabited by peoples not yet able to
stand by themselves under the strenu-
Gus conditions of the modern world
there should be applied the principle
that the well-being and development
of such peoples form a sacred trust of
civilization and that securities for the
performance of this trust should be
embodied in this covenant.
The best method of giving practical
effect to this principle is that the tute-
lage of such people should be intrusted
to advanced nations who by reason of
their resources their experience or
their geographical position can best
undertake this responsibility, and who
are willing to accept 1t, and that this
tutelage should be exercised by them
as mandataries on behalf of the league.
The character Of the mandate must
differ according to the stage of devel-
opment of the people, the geographical
situation of the territory, its economic
conditions and other similar circum-
stances.
Certain communities formerly be-
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached stage Of development where
their existence as Independent nations
can be Professionally recognized subject
to the rendering of administrative ad-
vice and assistance by mandatory un-
til such time as they are able to stand
alone. The wishes Of these commune
ties must be a principal consideration
in the selection OF the mandatory.
} Other peoples, especially those OF
central Africa, are at such stage that
the mandatory pVst be responsible for
the administration Of the territory un-
der conditions which will guarantee
freedom of conscience and religion.
subject only to the maintenance Of pub
lie order and morals. the prohibition Of
abuses such as the slave trade, the
O vpnS FRO f7C ond tho 1iOuor r. f7c and
the prevention of the establishment Of
or military and naval
bases and of military training of the
natives for other than police purposes
and the defense of territory, and will
also secure equal opportunities for the
trade and commerce Of other members
Of the league.
There are territories, such as South
west Africa and certain of the South
Pacific islands, which. owing to the
5parseness OF their population or their |
small size. or their remoteness from
the centers Of civilization, or their geo.
graphical contiguity to the territory |
If the mandatory, and other circum-
can be best administered under |
the laws of the mandatory as integral
portions of it's territory, subject to the
above mentioned in the in
.erests Of the indigenous population.
In every case of mandate the man
1atary shall render to the council an
annual report in reference to the ter
'itory committed to it's charge.
The degree of authority, control, or
to be exercised by the
nandatary shall, If not previously
lgreed upon by the members of the
eague. be explicitly defined in each
ase by the council.
A permanent commission shall be
to receive and examine the
nnual reports of the mandataries and
o advise the council on all matters re-
ating to the observance of the man.
ates.
ARTICLE 23.-Subject to and in ac-
ordance with the provisions of inter-
ational conventions existing or here
fter to be agreed upon, the members
Z the league:
(a) will endeavor to secure and
maintain fair and humane
conditions of labor for men,
women, and children, both in
their own countries and in
all countries to which their
commercial and Industrial
relations extend. and for that
purpose will establish and
maintain the necessary in
ternational organizations;
(b) undertake to secure just treat I
ment Of the native inhab- =
itants Of territories under
control;
(c) will intrust the league with the
general supervision over the 9
execution of agreements With
regard to the trafi1c in wom-
en- and children and the traf- r
&c in opium and other dan
gerous drugs:
(d) will intrust the league with the
general supervision of the