davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14
OUR VIEW OF OUR
OWN. GOVERNMENT

! When the United States won it's In
dependence, it revived an old and un-
popular form of government, RE-
PUBLIC. But under that government
it drew its unpopularity from the fact
that there was no crowned head, no
aristocracy or title of nobility, and the
highest official was elected by vote
of the freemen of the nation. All citi-
zens were equal before the law and
public officials were looked upon as
public servants. Yet under this re-
publican form of government our ma
ton prospered and grew to great
strength and is today one of the first
and most influential nations of earth.
Is not such growth and such prosper
ity an evidence of merit in a repub-
lican form of government? We think
and say most emphatically YES.
We are proud of our country and
we do not hesitate to say that while
there may be spots in our government
that need careful revision, yet as
whole fundamentally our government
is Of the best yet found by man, and
a government of some kind we must
have.
Democracy as used in public papers
during the late great war and at pres
ent, simply means a representative
democracy, or a republic such as ours.
All voters cannot meet in one place
to make laws and so we send dele
gates or representatives to legislate
for US, and others to execute these
laws. All officials have fixed terms
of office and while a very few are
vested with much power during good
behavior, yet no man is beyond or
above the law of the land.
The president and the constable are
both bound by oath to obey the law,
and when their duties are discharged
well we honor them often by a re-elec-
ton, but no son of public official
can inherit from any father, no mat
ter how distinguished, anything more
than a good name and the property
as prescribed by law for all.
One great trouble with us is, we are
too prone to criticise and do not seek
to improve by suggesting remedy,
a correction or the righting of the
wrong, we condemn. But when a man,
or set Of men, condemn, the repre-
sentative democracy of the u. S. A.
let him point to a better government
on this earth so that the mass Of us
can make a change and amend our
present one. Such a government can
not be found. We have the best Of all
at present.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Members of the Delta Alpha Class
were initiated Mon. night at the home
of their teacher, Mrs. orton. The
initiation being written by Rev. Or
ton of the Methodist church. After
the initiation the class formed q party
led by Mr.. and Mrs. 0rton and went
to Jackson's drug store to enjoy re-
freshments.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Guy Shields came back Monday
from Bankburnett and Wichita Falls,
Tex, after takingin the new oil fislds.
He left his car there and as soon as
the weather is fit will drive another
down and engage in the taxi business,
which he says is paying big.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

A good idea Of how the recent in
fiuenza and pneumonia epidemic has
handled the big insurance companies
may be had from the recent announce
ment made by the Modern Woodmen
6f America, the largest ftaternal in
surance organization in the world.
This organization has called for a
special session Of its Head Camp to
meet at Chicago on March 25th next,
to devise ways and means to meet the
extraordinary financial drain that has
been made upon It since October by
the ffu epidemic. For the four months
of October, November and December,
1918, and January, 1919, this company
has paid losses covering $3.50 deaths
amounting to $10,070,954. OF this
sum 967 were for soldier and sailor
claims. The December death losses,
to about three and one-half
million dollars, was the heaviest
month"; January shows a slight de-
crease. In comparison to the death by
Influenza and pneumonia the loss
our fighting forces in France
Is exceedingly light, which goes to-
show after all that there are worse
things than q war when it comes to
the elimination of human lives.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Ralph Bryner, a former Baxter
boy was here Monday. He was with
the marines on the southern coast,
and Is now visiting his father and .
brother in the mining field south Of
the city.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mr.. and Mrs. Jesse Wells received
a telegram Saturday from their son.
u. S. Wells, that he has received his
discharge and will be home soon. Mr..
Wells has been in overseas duty in
the Navy on the Westford PASSPORT
and arrived in this country on Janu-
ary 10Th.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Misses Marie Norman, Ruth Nor
man and Marie Norman, Messrs. Rob
ert fiddle and VIM. Cox Of Picher,
Okla, and Mrs. Maybe Adams Of
Joplin, NO., spent last Sunday with
John Yocum and family.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

The Builders class of the M. E.
church will give a Valentine party
Thursday evening, the 18th, in the
Sunday School auditorium. Each
member and guest is requested to
bring valentine.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Russell Barnes left Tuesday for
Kansas University where he will take
an examination for registered phar-
macist.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mrs. Alberta Ator returned Sunday
evening from Walnut, Kan, where
she has been visiting relatives.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mrs. E. N. Ward had for her guest
the past week her sister, Mrs. Chas,
Hall, Of Watson, Mo.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Private Gilbert B. YOcum is return
ing to Fort Leavenworth after q five
day pass.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mr.. and Mrs. F. R. Cook had Is
their guest the first Of the week their
dauehter-in-law, Mrs. Otis Cook, Of
Oklahoma City.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Leo. 7. Martin has received an hon
orable discharge from Camp Grant,
Illinois, and returned to his home
here.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mr.. Chas. Rogers returned Monday
evening from a business trip to
Springfield, Mo.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mrs: L. C. Goodner entertained at
dinner Tuesday night Mr.. and Mrs.
B. w. Patton and Mrs. Sherman Wiley
the latter from Ft.' Scott, Kansas.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Jesse Wells left Monday evening
on business trip to Anderson, Mo.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mrs. A. v. Smith was visitor to
Joplin Monday.
Baxter Springs news., 1919-02-14

Mr.. Cummings was recently rutpned
from France. and ID in = dsbatiAtlon
hospital In Virginia.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
SEPTEMBER MOTH
SPRAY SUGGESTED
By Leroy Childs

Conditions at the present time indi.
cate that worms of the codling moth
will be Matching we'll up towards har.
vest:time this season. Moths are st Il
depositing eggs. and what is still more
important, first brood worms are st Il
changing into moths. which means
that eggs resulting from these can not
possibly hatch.for two to three weeks,
at (which time the sprays.applied two
weeks ago will be only slightly effec-
tive.
Spray applied at this season OF. the
year can only be accomplished with
great difficulty in many orchards owing
to the fact that the trees are so heavi-
ly laden and the orchards filled with
props. However, growers who have
experienced considerable loss from
wormy apples in past seasons will find
it an economy to get spray on the
fruit in the near future There are
many orchards in the valley, on account
of their present clean condition, which
would "get by" without September
application. Each orchardist should
study his own condition and act accord.
ingly. With apples at the prices now
quoted the saving of a few boxes will
pay for the spray and help lot in the
control of the worms next season
About twenty days following the
last application will give best results.
This, according to our past recOmmen-
dations, would be between the lst and
5th of September. Bordeaux 3-4-50
can be used in this application. but ap-
piled at this late date will need little
extra wiping at the time of packing.
Use arsenate of lead powder, 2-l0O
gallons; paste. 400 gallons.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
hIMBALL-
WEBBING PRETTy

Very charming in its wealth Of de-
tail was the wedding Of Miss Alica
Gilman, daughter Of Mr.. and Mrs. IL
theme Clsremont Gilman, and Fordhsil
Eassett kimball, which was solemnized
OF the Sunset Club in Seattle Wednes-
day evening of last week in the pres
ence of about $50 relatives and friends.
/ Rev. II. II. Gowen read the service
before an improvised altar Of buckle
berry greens massed with pink tippei
white hydrangeas. The color scheme
throughout was pink and blue, and the
eharimngly simple decorations Of pink
and blue hydrangess. pale pink glsdi-
oil, autumn leaves and palms lent
themselves well to the colonial style
rooms of the club and formed de-
| lightful background for the bridal par
ty. The bride. who was given in mar
rlage by her father, was attended by
Mrs. Chas. 7. Donworth and Mrs. Jas.
| T. Hodge as matrons of honor, Miss
Ruth Gazzam as maid Of honor, and
Miss. katherine Holbrook and Miss Ell.
ma Collins as bridesmaids, gowned in
pink or blue taffeta froeks and carry.
ing pink or blue hydrangeas to con-
trast with the color of the frock. Lit
tie Mary Anne McGillis made dainty
| flower girl. Stuart kimball acted as
best man, while the ushers were AL
bert Peters, Edwin Pooley. Roy w.
Kelly and Ben H. Gilman.
An enjoyable reception followed the
ceremony, when the matrons and maids
assisting were Mrs. George Donworth,
ExaIarsal
E. Patterson, Mrs. G. A. c. Rochester,
Miss Rose Howe. Miss Mary Louise
Rochester. and Miss Ruth Piles. After
brief wedding trip Mr.. and Mrs.
Kimball will make their home in Hood
River.
Among the out of town guests for
the wedding were Mr.. and Mrs. Walter
Kimball. parents of the groom, Stuart
+. Kimball, Roy W. Kelly. Mr.. and
Mrs. Albert Peters, Mr.. and Mrs. Ed.
win Pooley, Mrs. Trafford Smith, Of
Hood River; DR.. and Mrs. A. E. Rock:
ey, Judge and Mrs. Charles H. Carey,
Mr.. and Mrs. F. l.. Stimson, uncle and
aunt of the bride. Mr.. and Mrs. Ben
H. Gilman. Miss Katherine Holbrook
and Miss Margaret Hewitt, Of Port
land; Mrs. J. M. Lewis and daughter.
Dorliska, of Minneapolis, aunt and
cousin of the groom, and Mrs. W. A.
Lancaster, Of Minneapolis.
Mrs. Kimball has made her home
with her parents at their summer
home, Claremont. on Bainbridge Isl.
and, for the past six weeks, and only
during the past week, which she spent
in Seattle, did she permit the usual
gayeties attendant upon wedding
which is an important social event.
L asst week in Seattle Mrs. Francis Guy
Frink presided over delightful lunch
con at her beautiful home, Grey Ga.
bles, in honor of Mrs. kimball.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
THE HEART Is
AS STOMACH IS

On BOY !!
my. what delicious ice cream"
'Chee, dat's good. -
my word, how perfectfully delight.
ful, donchaknow.
The se, and similar other expressions
q eettd Joe lcicle's latest product,
which is being dispensed at Hicks, of
course.
A lew kind Of ice cream for Hood
River people; in fact, so new that most
Of EN- had to ask the name of it twice
be fore finally certain of the correct
pi )nu lciation.
One spoonful was enough to make
th4m certain of the delicious flavor or
the new product, however.
Tut .i-Frutti ice cream. made from
pure cream n all kinds Of assorted
f. lits and nuts. is the cause of all the
di ecu sion.
The best ice cream they ever tasted,
y s tle opinion of many. while others
f1re,y contented themselves with the
rhnmbled word, delicious" as they
reached for another spoonful.
So popular has Joe Icicle's new prod.
uct proven, that we have decided to
make it regular feature during the
summer months.
No increase in price; still eleven
cents dish.
So give your stomach square deal
ard yourself treat, at Hicks, tomor.
row.
Yours for personal service,
Joo Icicle.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
Davidson Opens Garage

Bart G. Davidson. East Side orchard.
ist, has opened garage at Van Horn.
Mr.. Davidson has found that his neigh
bors are almost 100 per cent automo.
bile owners, and the demand for repair
work will keep machinists busy. He
will also care for spray machines and
gas engines.
Mr.. Davidson plans on taking the
agency Of automobiles before the year
is open, beginning next season as a full
hedged sales agency and garage.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
Russian Reds Not BOlsheviks

A few Hood River growers produce
a variety of apples known as Russian
Reds.
but they are not bolsheviki," says
j. j. Annala, who has more of the
trees than any other growers. "They
bear heavy crops Of highly colored
fruit, and | only wish had enough to
ship in carload quantities. I believe
the variety would prove very popular. "
Mr.. Annala, who sold his Russian
Reds last season for an average of
1927 for the three commercial grades,
is expecting better than 81 for them
this season.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
Eagle Party Sends Thanks

Zone of the happiest experiences of
our entire trip through the northwest, "
writes H. V. Kalenberry, in charge of
the Brooklyn Eagle party of l26 tour
lists on a swing of northwestern nation.
al parks and Canadian Fairgrounds,
who stopped here for days visit,
was that in Hood River. Our day
there was made all the more pleasant
and interesting by the explanations of
our hosts. None of the party will for.
get the hospitality of the Hood River
orchardists.
The party sent vote Of thanks to
the Hood River Commercial Club,
whose members arranged the local
viait
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
KollOck's s Crop Fine

W. M. Kollock, who has developed
heavy orchard holdings on Underwood
Heights, says that his crop will exceed
5000 boxes this season. He declares
that Underwood apples will be larger
and Of better quality than in any for
mer season.
The Underwood grower. who de.
clares that he has utmost faith in the
export market. has consigned his fruit
to British importing concern.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28
Fire Department in Quick Work

The Volunteer Fire Department S
quick work saved the Eugene street
residence of Chas. II. Castner Monday.
Within eight minutes after the alarm
sounded the department rushed hose
cart six blocks up steep grades, limit
ing damage to burned roof.
The home is occupied by T. j.
Thompson.
The Hood River glacier. (Hood River, Or.) 1889-1933, 1919-08-28

For Butter Labels printed in accord.
ance with Dairy and Food Laws, call at
this office.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

amixed, gravel o. paved roads and
turrpiles and fer The levy and
collections ~ a tn 20 provide for
intefrst ard sinking fund for 1aid
bonds"
and fN1Hr oprcHf1 shall have written
or printed Goa ihfif raiI0t words.
Against thc issuance - bonds
fer the purchase 81 district roads
and tho further construct on, main
fenance and operation ~ nnacad.
aralycd, gravel Or paved roaas or
tufupitca, and against the low and
cciieetion % . tas % provide Tor
interest and finiina fund Tor said
bonds
rIa narndr ~ ha'1nv ss.l Dlerfian
fN.N la nnrtfnsi iH fae INHH 1f flo
state e1tff ming .rrHfNI election.
If D. HIrNHi.I ANl.
Cnuffg Judge nf huaDN County. Texas.
ADV.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

NEW YONK lmN ag Tlic local
market for aN sugar continued a' the
NNel basis Of 1928 Tor centrifugal tn
fhr rcIincr 'rh, board reported no
pura nnsos
in frnned There was stan un active
demand which oycecdrd the supply
available un tho spot one loadiua re.
0ner WIS accepting husinee ior sep
tNmher shipment and another wee or
fr.ug Noue Huii grades in hnrreis ni q
h1sia W Nfo TOR finc rrauuhtcd The
quotation Wna unchanged Hi 9 cents.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24
MR. VOTER.

Help ~ NuocsE County out OF tho
mud'-oc 10 tho polls neEt Saturday
and vote for the good roads bond. IS.
sue. ADV.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

"Ielp llft Nueces County out Of lhe
mud'-Go 60 the polls nest Saturday
and vote for tho good roads bond ls'
sue. ADV.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

Help lft Nuoces County cut OF the
mud Go 20 tho polls NeSt Saturday
and vote tor the good roads bond 81.
sue. ADV
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

Hrlr $3.50 Nuttat County oHi OF the
riad Eo to enc polls nosf Saturday
and 49te iar ,he haod reads bond is-
fut. ADV.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

sugar a0d syruns.
sugar elnr9a1 n.r $500 f.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24
STEAM PRESSING

Tho Palace Cleaning and Pressing Co.
Wure called Tor and Delivered
ang Staples at Phone e7s
ID. Feilez Prop.
The Corpus Christi caller. [volume] (Corpus Christi, Tex.) 1918-1987, 1919-07-24

rHnats 800 han4 p.tAea rlu itr
psf Do
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13
NEW ORLEANS JAZZ BALL IN
SAN cARLos AUDITORIUM
TONIGHT

One of the most delightful affairs
OF the week which is being antici-
pated with much pleasure is the New
Orleans jazz ball. being given at. the
San Carlos auditorium tonight. be-
ginning at s o'clock Music win b.,
furnished by the splendid Robichaux
jazz orchestra. of New Orleans. and
an unusually large attendance is ex-
pected. Those who have not yet OBJ
tanned tickets may procure them at
the San Carlos hotel or by communi-
eating with Miss Jeanne Knowles. No
charge will be made for ladies'. Pro-
ceeds of the dance win be used for
local charities.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13

left yesterday for Chicago. where he
will be Joined by Mrs. McChesney,
from where they will return to thesc
home in Seattle, Wash. Mrs. Mcches-
ney, who left Pensacola some time
previously, has been visiting with rel .
atives in Concord, Mass.
Mr. and Mrs. w. H. Bockes, Of
Grand Rapids, Mich. have returned
home after spending the winter 4
Pensacola.
Mr.. and Mrs. Patrick McHugh r.
turned to Pensacola Sunday night after
a delightful two weeks stay in A.
lanta, where they enjoyed the grand
opera season and week spent In
Macon. Ga, as the guests of relatives
and friends.
Miss Ann Kolkmeyer has returned
to resume her duties with the Pensa-
cola Shipbuilding Co, after delight
full visit in Chicago, with relatives and
friends.
Colonel r. T. Raines, of Pensacola
and DeFuniak Springs. Fla, is spend
ing several weeks in the city on BUSH
ness.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13
THE MEN IN
CLASS AL

A sound, healthy man is never bacG
number. A man can be as vigorous and
able at seventy as at twenty. Condition,
not years, puts you in the discard. A
system weakened by overwork and care-
less living bring7 old age .prematurely.
The bodily functions are impaired and
unpleasant symptoms appear. The weak
spot is generally the kidneys. Keep
them clean and in proper working con-
dition and you will generally find your
self in Glass A. Take GOLD MEDAL
HARLEM Oil Capsules periodically and
your system will always be in working
order. Your spirits viii be enlivened,
your muscles supple, your mind active,
and your body capable of hard work
Don't wait until you have been reject
ed. Commence to be. a frst-elass man
now. Go to your druggist at once.
Get a trial box OF GOLD MEDAL
HARLEM Oil Capsules. They are made
of the pure, original, imported Haar-
lem OiI-the kind your great grandfath-
err used. Two capsules each day win
keen ron toned up and feeling fine.
Money refunded if they do not help you
Remember TO ask for the imported
GOLD MEDAL Brand. in thSea sizes.
sealed packages
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13
MRS. W. 1. cAWTHoN ENTER
TAlNS WITH RECEPTION IN
A

One of the loveliest of the seasons
social events in DeFuniak Springs.
Fla, WASH the elaborate reception
given by Mrs. w. L. Cawthon in the
parlors of the Walton hotel, ore dav
last week. Southern palms and ferns
with great quantities of Dorothy Per-
kins oses were used in the artistic
decorations, the costumes of the
guests further carrying out the sug-
gesticn of summers ime TIE guests
Ga their arrival were welcomed by
Misses Maud Sanders, Mary RIchard-
SUN end Margaret Woodward. each in
full evening costume. In the resolving
line were Mr.. and Mrs. W. L. Caw-
thon, Mrs. w. F. Jones and Mrs Bur-
ress Cawthon.
The hostess wore an unusually be-
coming French model of blue with cor
sage of delicate pink roses and buds.
Mrs. Jones was charming in a gown
fashioned of pink wolfe and white
georgette with corsage of pink sweet
peas. Mrs. Cawthon wore an exquis-
itely fahsioned dress of white net with
corsage bouquet of pink roses.
A dainty salad and ice course was
served and delicious punch dispensed
from rose showered table during the
evening by Mrs. Quarterman McCas-
kill. Vocal and instrumental selections
by Mesdames Harley Cawthon and
John McKinnon added greatly to tho
pleasure of the evening.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13

branch of war work-canteen, cafe
terra, knitting, Red Cross work rooms,
Red Cross drives, buying and selling
war saving and Liberty and Victory
Bonds. The Pensacola United Daugh-
tiers of the Confederacy have made
an er1viab1e record.
Our chapter greatly regretted that
Mrs. Norris had to postpone her visi.
to us.
The president had the pleasure oil
attending the general convention in
Louisville and she made full report
to the chapter at a called meeting.
Respectfully submitted,
FRANK SAMPEY TRACY,
President.
Officers of the Pensacola chapter
are as follows:
President, Mrs Frank D. Tracy, 31a
West Gadsden street.
Vice president. Mrs. A. E. McDavis
16 w. Gregory street.
Second vice president, Mrs. A. r
McAllister, 1878 E. Gadsden.
Recording secretary. Mrs. s. A Mo-
reno, 124 West Belmont.
Registrar, Mrs. Dan Shepard, 800
East Gadsden.
Historian. Mrs Effie NJ. Thiesen
107 W. Gregory street.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1919-05-13
SPLENDID REPORT MADE BY Pc
NSACOLA CHAPTER

u y Z. AT STATE CONVENTION.
Mrs. Frank D. Tracy, president OF
the Pensacola chapter. No. 29s. U. D.
C.; Mrs. S. A Moreno. secretary, and
Mrs. Dan Shepard, delegates who at
tended the gath annual convention L.
D. c., Florida Division, recently held
in Jacksonville, are expected home
this week.
The following splendid report was
made at the convention by Mrs. Tracy.
president of the local chapter:
Madam President and Daughters of
the Confederacy;
Pensacola chapter sends greetings
and best wishes for a harmonious and
profitable convention.
On account of the splendid success
of our R. E. Lee ball. which Melted
$341, our chapter has met in full all
and additional treasury fund dues, on
our seventy-one members in good
standing. Our balance in the bank is
1882.
We have added four new members
by demit and we have lost two valued
and loved members by death, Mrs.
John Avant and Miss Virginia Reese.
Palms and flowers have been sent
who have passed away during the
year.
/ On Memorial day we assisted the
Ladies Confederate Memorial Associa-
| ton in an elaborate celebration. Mari
anna day and Jefferson Davis birth
day We're fittingly celebrated at the
bivouac
At the suggestion of the presiden
| open house for the veterans each
month, with one daughter acting as
hostess, was inaugurated, and at these
meetings, historical sketches are given
by the veterans.
Besides this historical work, a SCRAP
book is kept, and each year the gram
mar school pupils write a series OF
compositions on southern history. and
medal is awarded by the chapter to
the winner in the contest.
A donation of So was made to tt>
American committee for relief in the
Near East, S. for the "1917-191S Hero
fund" with an additional So to be SEM
at an early date, and a Liberty Bono
bought.
An emergency relief fund of $31.7(
was secured by subscription for needy
veterans.
Two new committees-the emergency
relief committee and the war reIi )
committee, have been added to our
i list this year. The latter will compiIs
in detail, the record for the state di-
rector to be used in Florida's repor-
to the general convention.
Chapter members engaged in every