davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

tected at a distance beyond the hear
ing range of the unaided ear, but,
what is more important, its direction
can be determined within an angle of
three degrees. The use of these sound
detectors greatly increased the chances
of locating airplanes at night by
searchlght
The Engineering Department con-
Quoted extensive experiments in the de-
velopment of aerial sound detectors.
One form developed consisted of set
of long horns with listening tubes at
tached to the small ends and leading
20 receivers on the observers head set.
These horns were mounted on a turn
table which the observer could revolve,
so that the horns could be turned in
the general direction of the sound.
Four horns were used in this mechan-
ism-two to indicate the direction of
azimuth) and the other pair to indi-
cate the direction on the vertical arc
(in elevation). Under favorable condi-
tons the sensitiveness of this device
was three times that of the unaided
ear, and the airplane could be located
within an angle of one degree. The
| horn detector, however, was large and
cumbersome and not satisfactory for
mobile unit.
For field sound ranging, when the
listener may wish to move from place
to place, the parabloid sound reflector
was developed. This hemispherical OBJ
ject, like huge fountain basin in
shape, was made of material similar to
building board and shaped in parabolic
lines. Such a sound collector echoed
or reflected the sound from every point
CT its surface to focal point where
the listening instrument was located.
The observer turned the parabloid on
its universal mount until the sound was
equalized in his ears, and then the
exact direction of the airplane would
be indicated by the azimuth and eleva-
ton pointers on the machine. The par
abloids developed by our Engineering
Department had sensitiveness three
times that of the unaided ear and could
locate sound within three degrees of
arc.
Although valuable work in detecting
gun positions was done by sound rang
ing, yet both sides located guns by
watching their flashes. We improved
flash ranging sets of the Allies. These
were simple in principle. A number of
observers at posts commanding good
views were equipped with observation
telescopes mounted on tripods to watch
for the flashes of enemy guns. When
ever two or more of them observed the
same flash and reported its direction
the position of the gun could be deter
mined by ordinary triangulaton.
However, in operation the system
was not so simple because of the fact
that the observers reporting might not
have turned their instruments upon the
Same dash, This difficulty yss met b1
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
New York Soldier Karl Illava Has Modelled in Plas-
ter One of His Northern Friends i'm the Twenty
seventh Division Marching Beside Southern
Fighting Man of the Thirtieth Division

artist. He served six years in the
National Guard, seeing service on
the Mexican border and in the bat
tering of the Hindenburg line, and
is thirty years old. Gutzon Borg
lum is the master sculptor who
taught him. He shares with that
noted artist the studio at 166 East
Thirty-eighth Street..
Illava served as sergeant major
with the 1o2d Trains headquarters,
and first attracted attention as an
artist when "New York's Own" d.
vision was encamped at Spartan
burg for the intensive training i'm
mediately preceding the "hop-off"
for France and glory. Colonel (r'Sow
GeneraD De Bevoise, Of the old 1st
Cavalry, knew Illava could paint
little, so he collared the "doughboy"
one day outside headquarters.
"Illava," the colonel asked him,
"do you think you could make my
mess hall look more like an eating
place and less like barn?"
"I'll try, sir" the willing Illava
replied. And forthwith he repaired
to the unpainted, unfurnished off,
GERS mess hall and wrought what
was pronounced a miracle.
The dull, raw pine walls we're
coated in a shimmering mantle of
buff and blue, the cavalry colors,
while about the border near the
ceiling there pranced and cavorted
fiery chargers with their soldier
riders, done in silhouette. Ali
Spartanburg, at one time or an
other, trooped out to camp to see
this decoration, which was destined
to win for the artist a commission
of prime Importance.
For after the war ended and
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

lllava returned to this country with
his comrades the city of Spartan
burg decided to build a war memo
rial which was to grace a memorial
park, for which 140 acres had been
granted by the state. Who was to
design the memorial was the ques
ton confronting the art committee
appointed by the City Council. Who
indeed?
"Why not that soldier who deco
rated Colonel De Bevoise's mess
hall?" one Of the appreciative citi-
zens queried Of the other members
Of the committee. And so, the
others agreeing, it came to pass that
lllava was asked TO submit a model
for the Spartant urg memorial.
1--WE want a memorial showing
the firm solidarity of the North and
South" they wrote the "doughboy
sculptor. Eve love the 9th Divi-
sion and want always to remember
it, and we want to honor our own
boys, those of the 3Oth Division.
who came from South Carolina,
North Carolina and Tennessee. We
want it to be real"
And Illava, unabashed by the
first real commission Of his brief
career as sculptor, went to work
with a will. He has finished his
model and critics are unanimous in
acclaiming it one of the most pleas
ing pieces of statuary the war pro-
duced.
There is nothing remarkable
about Illava personally. He is a
native New Yorker, having been
horn at 130th Street and Fifth Ave
nue. thirty years ago, of American
parents. He is a product of the
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

the ground and the vibrations Of the ,
earth were communicated through the
medium of the confined air space. The
sounds then reached the listeners ear
via a rubber tube and an ordinary
stethoscope horn. By means of this
device the slightest vibrations of the
ground were rendered audible.
The geophone was used to detect
placed the weighted box on the floor of
an underground gallery or on solid
earth or rock. If the enemy we're bur-
rowing in the ground anywhere within
a distance of seventy-fve yards the
geophone would tell about it. In order
to enable the listener to know from
what direction the sounds came two
geophone boxes were provided, one con-
nected with each ear. By placing the
boxes small distance apart and then
moving them until the vibrations in
both ear horns were equalized the
listener could tell approximately in
what direction the enemy mining oper-
alton was located.
Geophones were used by both sides,
and so effective did they prove to be
that it is reported that they were
largely instrumental in stopping min
ing operations altogether. If an enemy
mine we're located by one of these de-
vices, counter mine could be started
at once and carried through, usually
with disastrous results to the hostile
miners.
AS our first step in the production of
geophones we adopted the French de-
vice; but later on we developed an in
strument with nearly one-third greater
range than the French geophone had.
This Improvement was developed by
the engineers and bureau specialists
at the Bureau of Standards in Wash
ington with money provided by the En-
gineering Department.
But by far the most important work
done by listening instruments was in
locating the positions of enemy gun
batteries. This was one scientific in
strument, at any rate, which the Ger
mans were never able to produce sue
cessfully for themselves. During the
final months Of the war more enemy
guns were located by listening instru-
ments than by any other means. An
American instrument with the army
spotted III German gun positions in
a single day by surface sound ranging.
This was the high American record set
in the war, but at all times our sound
detecting equipment had an uncanny
accuracy. Up to the end of the fight
ing. no way had been discovered to con-
ceal the location Of gun from sound
ranging instruments suitably placed
and properly operated.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

finding by searchlight The result Of
our investigation was the development
OF combined observers chair. eye
protector. and searchlight target finder
'he new equipment adding only 10
per cent to the cost Of the searchliGht
unit.
The range of our modern high power
searchlight whose target is a ship at
sea is about $4,000 yards; the range
OF this searchlight when its target Is
An airplane fs about $4,000 feet
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

the location of the enemy by sound
Since the unaided ear was not keen
enough to supply the desired informa-
tion, applied science came to the res
cue with the various devices embraced
in the general classification of sound
ranging equipment. The production Of
this equipment was under the direction
of the Engineering Department of the
army.
In three classes of military work we
needed hearing refined to the razor
edge. With keen enough ears we could
detect those subterranean operations of
the enemy known as mining; with ears
of that sort we could detect and locate
the positions of hostile cannon; and
still again we could employ such SEN
sitiveness of hearing to find in the
darkest sky at night the hostile raid
ing airplanc.
One of these long distance ear drums
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
A 6O-inch Open Type Portable Searchligh.

dustry-the production Of cameras and
tneir operation in the field, which in
Guided the production Of finished pho
''sraphy IN the field dark rooms. But,
as the airplane and aerial camera were
perfected, camouGage was undertaken
az protection from discovery from
aloft
Presently camouAage succeeded in
banling the camera to a great extent.
ana this made necesssry the develop
mont OF instruments that could detect
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

which man invented for himself as an
aid to his military operations was
known as the gcophonc. The first geo
phone used by the Western powers in
the war was invented by the French.
1t was simple mechanism. The de
vice or drum which received the sound
waves and magnifed them consisted Of
small closed box with a confined uir
space. This box was weighted with a
leaden disk to give It the required in
ertia, The geophone was placed upon
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
A 6O-inch HighIntensisy Seacoast TYNE Seo,cbEob,

rival Of the she'll. Under proper cir
cumstances this elapsed time would
enable troops properly warned to seek
cover from the explosion of the pro-
Jectile. This development of sound
ranging apparatus and it's application
to the protection of personnel was
made possible by the far greater speed
with which shock vibrations travel
through dense medium like the earth
than through the usual sound-convcy-
ing medium, the atmosphere.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

end much cheaper than those of the
British type, and would operate under
more adverse weather conditions. The
impulses received by the microphone in
this equipment we're recorded on a run
ming tape smoked by an acetylene
flame.
GOUND ranging for the detection of
airplanes at night requires an
equipment which consists fundamen-
tally of sound gathering device and
listening mechanism, the combna-
tlon enabling the observer to tell the
direction from which the sound is com
ing. When bombing plane approaches
at night the hum of the motor can be
heard at distance of from one to three
miles, or even more, depending upon
conditions. But the direction of this
sound is elusive to the unaided ear. as
any one can testify who has heard an
nirplane in broad daylight but could
rot locate it with his eyes. Before the
invention of aerial sound ranging the
scarchlights hunting for the hostile
airplane were obliged to sweep the sky
aimlessly in an endeavor to locate it
and the pilot of the plane could often
mannuvre to keep out of the light. But
by use Of the sound detectors not only
can tho approach of tha airnlane ha A.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

complicated and technical nature that
no one but designers and mechanics
skilled in the production of complex
electrical equipment could build them
at all. The recording Instruments, or
microphones, were of sort so delicate
that their use heretofore had never
been considered outside of laboratories.
Yet they were required to operate sue
cessfully amid the din and concussion
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

aoundranging set which had been de-
veloped with the cooperation Of the
Bureau of Standards. The reports
from the American Expeditionary
Force indicated that this American de-
velopment was superior in several i'm
portant particulars to anything else in
use when the war came to an end. The
American instruments were lighter,
easier to carry about, easier to install
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
To begin at the beginning

Artillery practice nowadays abhors
the wasted shot. The time when can
non fired in the general direction Of
the enemy and hoped to hit something
passed when the long range rifles and
howitzers, with their marvellously accu-
rate sighting instruments, came into
existence. great proportion of our
industrial effort in the recent conflict
was devoted to the sole end that we
might aim our artillery accurately.
For instance, to this end almost ex-
clusively was devoted the enormous
production of aircraft material. The
observer in the airplane or balloon
trusted not to his eyes but to the finer
sight of the Photographic camera; and
this again occasioned large war in
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

public schools of this city, Barnard
High School and Kingsley School.
When he was asked to go to college
he protested and instead appren-
ticed himself to Borglum.
lllava's conviction that he has
portrayed the typical American
fighting man is destined to arouse
not little controversy, it appears.
George J. Lober, sculptor of
some prominence, with studios at s
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13
caring the Stealthy Movements Of the Enem

TOW the German big the nightradng arplames and
~ the scouting parties through No Mans Land
Il sought out and located By sound finders built by the
United States Army contributes interesting scien-
tfc chapter to the history of the great
In "Ameros Mu1itioms War Department publication
the story sound and flash ranging and giant searchghs
told by Benedict CroweU
To begin at the beginnng
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

S. c., will probably stand alone, in
so far as originality and distinction
are concerned. For it is the product
Of the only "doughboy" sculptor in
the entire American expeditionary
forces-as far as the records re-
veal-and he is native-born New
Yorker, an enlisted man of the
9th Division, otherwise known as
"O'Ryan's Roughnecks."
Karl Illava is the "doughboy"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

East Fifteenth Street, also has com
pleted statue of doughboy VII
he believes is characteristic. A COM
parison of his work with that Of the
soldier-artist is interesting. Both
have tossed the conventional "smaft
garb' aside and depicted the hrh'
ing man as he is when hrawl IS
imminent, ready for instant action.
but Lober's work is that Of a single
figure and, instead Of the 'In
derby his doughboy's head
topped with the felt campaign hat.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

w 7AR memorials are the
" order Of the day. Scarce
ly a city, town OR hamlet
in the United States that
is not contemplating the erection of
monument to the fallen heroes of
the great war who went out from
their confines to make the great
sacrifice for the flag.
But the war memorial now in the
making for the city of Spartanburg,
New-York tribune., 1919-07-13

1NHE instruments used for locating
gun positions vere Of such . highly
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1919-10-24

James u Van Slyke has sold biz
property to Fred Thsyer. who has rent
ed the farm land the past TN; years.
and has bought the former Middlebrook
property north Of the high school build
ing, which he will occupy in the spring.
On Friday last Sheriff Ferrie went.
out to F.: A. Roth's. in Winneshiek
County, and placed under arrest two
boys named Doyle and Duffy. who had
appropriated Ford car down in Tama
county. The car belonged to the
father of one of the boys, who was
deputized by the sheriff of Tama Co..
and came up after the boys the day,
following their arrest.
According to the Department of Az
ricultural, this is milk week" and the 4:
library has received for distribution
copies of the bullentins, Food for the
Family" and why use Milk. These
show the food value of milk as COM
pared with other foods, and very con-
venient tables showing the different Sc
lections Of foods which should be made
to make well-balanced ration. A mum.
Der of receipts are included. Call at
the Public Library for these. They are
for free distribution as long as they
last. ;" 1
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1919-10-24

ARTHUR Glass. who has been in rather
poor health for some time, left Monday
to take treatment at a sanitarium al
Davenport. Iowa. e.. ..
Mrs. G. E. Fields and son Lester left
Monday for q visit with their daughter
and sister, Mrs. Lynn Kellow. at
Davenport, Iowa.
Mike Barrett has sold his residence
on South Elm St. to Chas. Malek and
has bought the w. H. Miller residence
on Fifth Ave. East.
There will be . Chicken Pie Supper
served by the Grace Church Guild 1T
the home of Miss Lauraine Mead on
Tuesday, Oct. 18th. Supper IS cents.
Business trained young men have the
advantage. Have you such . training :?
If not, attend Mankato Commercial
College, .Mankato. MINI. Send for
catalogue.
Max Thuerk, James Cutting and wife,
and Mrs. J. H. Nichols, Of Bonair, are
in Ames, Iowa, this week, as delegates
from the various branches of Odd Fell
lows and Rebekahs to the Grand Lodges
of Iowa.
For SALE.-5O S. C. Rhode Island
Red Cockerels. They are big, dark red,
and thorough bred. Price 81. 90 to Sic. 90
each. Also Belgian Hares and Flemish
Giants. cd and young.-A. N. Tibeau.
r l, Cresco, Iowa., 1913
N. P. Lydon attended the G. w.
Owens hog sale at Law Ter on Oct. 18th
where he purchased the high priced
boar OF the sale. This is the End time
for N. P. to play this trick a be and
Alfred Magnus took the top boar last
year.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1919-10-24

i Gun repairing. G. u. Wentworth.
Dance at the opera house, Saturday
night. IL .sfu
For SALE: Ford touring cara. J..
Caward. Il; Il IT, 1o-2t
Father Hogan was up from DEBORAH
on Wednesday.
C. Foley, of Elms, was q Cresco Wis
itor on Tuesday.
Mrs. G. A. Meyer was up from
Calmar on Wednesday.
For sALE-Ford touring car in splen.
did condition. Phone 432. loft
Mrs. D. E. Horton w.s down from
Lime Springs on Saturday.
For fire. lightning and tornado insur-
ance. call on Andrew Smith. 37tf
LOTS FOR SALE-With sewer connec-
ton. Schaefer, Cresco, Iowa.
N. A. Blackburn, Lawyer, office over
Fields furniture store. Phone -455.
For SALE-Three cords Of dressed
stone. John Miller.
Big dance at The Cresco opera house
dance hall on Saturday night, Oct. Is.
FOR SALE-A No. 10 Round Oak
heater, good as new. P. G. BUTTON.
For SALE-A 5-passenger Ford car.
Enquire Of J. E. BAwDEN, Bonair, Ia.
Woman for laundry work,
also two Mattresses. Strotber Ho-
tel. loft
For Sale-A base burning Round Oak
hard coal stove. Enquire of S. CALI
son.
Mrs. Will Frost and daughter Marie
were down from Lime Springs on FRI
day.
A. B. Converse made business trip
to GAINESVILLE Wis.,, the first Of the
week.
Louie West. of Rochester, MIMI, was
q visitor with Cresco relatives, this
week.
Hub Edmonson and Earl Henry left
Sunday evening for Chicago on bust
ness trip.
Mr.. and Mrs. H. C. Bareiss returned
Monday from a visit with relatives at
Postville.
FOR RENr-24O acre farm two mile
from Bonair. Enquire of J. E. Bawden
or o. q. Jones. -
Ford touring car, model 1917, for
sale. $3.50 90. A. N. 'Tibeau, Cresco.
Route l, Iowa.
Mrs. L. V. Strsyer and children re.
turned Friday from visit with De.
corah relatives.
T. P. Logsdon returned Friday tc
DEBORAH after q short visit among
Cresco relatives.
For first-class dental work, call OF
DR.. J. J. Clemmer over P. A. Glen
mer's Drug Store. 34tf
Mrs. w. H: Klemme. of Ridgeway,
was visitor Wednesday at the Mrs.
Chas. Hess home.
The next w. r. G. Friendly will be
held at the home of Mrs. Fred Burr or
Tuesday, Nov. 4th.
Miss Emma Vagts returned Friday
to Minneapolis to resume her work ..
q professional nurse.
Mrs. Will Forty and little daughter
returned Monday from a visit with hel
parents at Riceville.
George Thielan returned Wednesda,
from a five weeks trip through thu
Dakotas and Montana.
Fred Stockmsn arrived in Cresct
Monday, having received his final dis
charge from the Marines.
o. A. 5chall, the we'll known expert
piano repairer and tuner is in our city
on one of his regular visits. 1t
Mrs. Archie Jones was up from Ossi-
an on Monday between trains, coming
up to consult DR.. Jinder!ee.
House FOR SALE-Nearly new eight
room house and two lots. For psrtic-
ulsrs call ut 315 S. Elm St. 9-3tp
Phi. Barthelme & Son, DEBORAH, Ia.
Shorthorn and Poland China sale, Oct
%. 1919. Send for catalog. 9-2t
| J. w. DAILY and family will move to
Cresco soon, having rented the Martin
Ryan property on Third Ave. West.
For SALE-A registered Duroc Jer-
sey stock hog, 18 months old. 9.4p
| F. C. Lewis.
For SALE.-Six - room house with
electric lights and heating plant.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1919-10-24
New Crist Mill.

~" f.,
Our new grist mill is now open every
day for business and we are prepared
to grind all kinds of grain. ST.
Slifka & Healy.
Cresco plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1913-1945, 1919-10-24
Grace Episcopal Church.

Service on Sunday, Oct. 26th, at 1890
q. M, conducted by Mr.. Victor Pink
ham, of Faribault, MINI. Everybody
welcome.
The Washington times., 1919-01-14
BOBBIE AND
HIS PA
By William T. Kirk.

r rs ladies is winding up our
War Relief Work, sed Ma to
Pa last mite.
Good, sed Pa, now I shall
see the luylite in your eyes moar Of
fener than laitly, sed Pa. You will
not be cumming hoam out of sorts
any moar. sed Pa
What do you meen? sed Ma
Jest that, sed Pa, 1 mean that
now yure War Releef Work is
oaver you will be relieved from
War with Missus Joans & Missus
Brown, the two hussies who thot
thay did better work for the cause
than you did. sed Pa.
You are quie pert, sed Ma. Yure
humor is as delicat as a armored
tank, sed Ma.
Aint it SO that you had differnses
with the other ladies vile you was
all doing yure War work? sed Pa
We may have had sum slite differ
enses, srd Ma, but il was nothing
that cudent be patched UP & GER
tingly it was not anything for our
husbands to be joaking about in this
common manner, sed Ma You are
vary ag-gravating sumtimes, Ma
sed. But ! suppose all husbands are
alike
Not so, sed Pa, thare is a lot of
husbands that do not luv thsre lit
tel wifes & do not joak with them.
My luv for you is as deep as q well,
sed Pa. & it is all the time bubbel-
ing up in merry little joaks.
You cud leave out most Of you're
ioaks 6: not maik me feel bad, sed
Ma. But as l was saying, ] am glad
nf
time to my hoam or to sum other
form of work outside.
l was thinking, sed Pa, that now
the war is oaver all the ladies wud
start rite in making thare hoams
the swellest hoams in the land, so
thare nobel husbands cud be so
proud of them. 1t was perhaps a
foolish dreem on my part. but that
was what 1 was thinking.
You deer old boy, sed Ma, have
been negleckting you, & so cloas
around the holidays, too?
l have been kind OF lonesum, sed
Pa. In fack. moar lonesum than
you mite think. But 1 knew that
sum day you wud reelize that the
war work dident need you as much
as yure husband needs you. & now
you have reelized il, G. we will be
very happy. Bobbie was lonesum
for a mothers cair. too. sed Pa. l
was afrade for awhile that he wud
run away e. git married TO that
yung lady he walks hoam from
skool with, sed Pa.
Cut il out, ! sed to Pa.
To whom are you speaking TO in
that manner. sed Pa.
To you, l sed, cut il out.
Bobbie, sed Pa / see rite now
that you have beecum spoiled in
your mothers absence. will now
give you what the Allies gaiv the
Huns, scd Pa, & then Pa spanked
me but l herd him telling Ma after
ward that IL hurt him moar than II
did me G. he sed he wud get me .
lot OF nice presents, & that 10 Good
News after all the news about War.