Norwich bulletin., 1919-10-02
IN THE DAYS NEWS
How Germany Seized kiaocho'

"Kiaochow, China, seized by Ger many in 1897, captured from the Ger mans by Japan when the latter entered the world war in 1914, and now con which the Chinese declare nugatory makes a test case for the adjustment of the relations between the two or1en tai powers states a bulletin Of the National Geogra phic Society. 'HFoHowing the murder of two Ger man missionaries in 1897, Germany employed her retaliatory siezure of Kiaochow as a means of obtaining an indemnity and a 99-year lease on Tsinstau and the bay of kiaochow. She gave the name of Kiaochow to the entire German concession, which IS not to be confused with the nearby city of the same name, not within the Ger man zone. The concession includes the Gerraan-buiIt city of Tsingtau, out lying towns and the bay. which has a marrow outlet into the Yellow Sea on the west coast of the province Of Shantung.
 s'Tsingtau illustrates aptly Germany pre-war methods of getting a foreign foothold in anticipa ton of her dream of world domination The setting Of this effort lay in a province consplcu- ous in Chinese history for 4,ooo years, and revealing traces of pre- Chinese inhabitants For Shantung was the birthplace and teaching field both or Confucius and Mencius. There also the Boxer movement first was directed against foreigners
 But the harbor of Kiaochow, ap- parently. interested the Germans more than history. It is considered one of the best along the Chinese coast, and to have 9 stronger natural defense than Port Arthur.
 ..Bac elk Of the city rise hills as high as 000 feet and a range 500 feet high dominates the harbor. This range was utilized by the Germans for forts where they mounted powerful Krupp guns. commanding every point of land completed their defenses Tsingtau was considered one of the most strongly fortified ports on the globe.
 All this protection was not to be afforded a fishing village and none too busy harbor- Natives were per suaded to move. and the 1essors built a typical German city on the site of Tsingtau- They also renamed this city, calling it Ching tao but the older name clung to 1t.
 German names German banks Ger man industries. including lareweries. and German hotels were established. No other postomce than the German one was permitted to handle foreign mail.
 Germany obtained not only in demnities and the 193 square miles area and bay described. but mining ana railway concessions. Shantung has fertile. well cultivated lands, coal fields, deposits of iron. gold and other metals. and small diamonds are found A railway was built to Chinanfu, con- meeting with important inland lines.
 Perhaps these commercial advant- ages were incidental Said Theodor Springman in Deutschland und der Orient With the help of Turkey. India and China may be conquered. Having conquered these, Germany should cfyilize and Germanize the world and the German language would become a world language
 Anyway Germany was reluctant to relinquish her holdings Japan bonn parded TsiEgtau for more than two months. from land and sea and not until the fortifcatiops were practically demolished did the garrison capitu- late. Nov. '. 1914.
 Father back in Shantung a des- criptive name meaning Eastern Hills Is Mount Tashan. most reyered of the live sacred mountains of the old em- pire, rising to height of 51ee feet Born at Kinfau, near there, Cenfucfts is said to have tried to reach its top ln vain: and temple stands now where he is thought to have halted. Kinfau, after 2,500 years. is populated largely by CoHfucius' direct descend