davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
MAINTAIN ROAD AFTER BUILT
Improper Methods Have Placed Eco
nomical Types in Disreputc,
Says Colorado Expert.

Prof. E. B. House of the Colorado
Agricultural College is firm believer
In the Importance Of maintaining q
road after it is built. He supplies the
following, taken from The Engineer
ing News-Record, and says Of it sit is
so true and hits the nail so squarely
that 1 quote it direct:
'sThe tendency in road improvement
Is to select types Of roads which re-
quire very little annual maintenance.
The general feeling among laymen
seems to be that when road surface
requires some annual maintenance 10
keep it in good shape, it is an expen-
siye type and should be avoided. Yet,
if the interest on investment and the
repairs are taken into consideration,
the cheaper wearing surface may in
many cases prove to be the more sat-
isfactory and economical.
at Is not uncommon to see roads of
a good type constructed and then,
after they begin to show signs of wear,
to see them neglected. entlrely or some
method of repair or maintenance i'm
posed which has been found by long
practice to be defective. When we see
mud holes in earth roads filed with
riprap, crushed stone or cinders, it is
not the engineers fault that an enor-
nous price is paid for the repair mate
rial; the road engineer knows that
proper drainage. and repairing with
earth from the side of the road, are
the economical methods Of mainte-
nance.
"Old gravel and macadam roads are
often repaired by filling ruts and de-
pressions with inferior material that
is readily displaced by traffic or
ground to dust. Bituminous surfaces
are often patched, if patched at all,
with loose stone or gravel. and in some
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
SUITABLE SPRAY FOR FLIES
Mixture Suggested by Iowa State
College Will Keep off Pestif-
erous Little Insects.

The Iowa State College experiment
station suggests the following mixture
as being suitable for spraying dairy
cows for flies:
Four and one-half quarts Of coal tar
dip, four and one-half quarts of fish
oil, three quarts Of coal oil, three
quarts Of whale oil, one and one-half
quarts Of oil of tar. Dissolve three
pounds Of laundry soap. In water add
the ingredients Of the spray, and bring
the whole up to thirty gallons with
lukewarm soft water.
This spray will keep off the flies
and prevent the coats Of the animals
from becoming harsh. The COWS should
be sprayed twice day-in the morn.
ing after milking and in the afternoon
when in the barn for silage or green
feed. With portable cart. made
from half-barrel by attaching wheels
and a spray pump and nozzle, two men
can spray forty COWS in five minutes.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
NOTES
--a1@S..A:s.Se.szz. - q 49,
.se~E1 13sn ''' g1HR

There's something to sell every day.
Good silage will cut the feed bill
one-half.
The cow with a good appetite Is a
better producer than the fnicky one
=
Cows fed we'll before being turned
on heavy green forage will not be
likely to bloat.
Sometimes one can fool a slow
mixer into "glving down" by feeding
her at milking time.
y
Cows will require attention in the
summer when the days are warm and
flies are troublesome.
Often old cows are offered for sale
at low prices but they are seldom a
good investment for the dairyman.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
IMPROVED ROADS IN QUEBEC
In Five Years Government Spent $15,.
774,369 for Development and
Improvement.

The development of good roads In
Quebec is a subject at present much
discussed from one end of the prov
ince to the other. In the five years
from 1911 to 1916 IL { Quebec govern
ment spent S15,774,3G9 for good roads.
The following figures show the num-
ber of miles of roads Systematically
maintained by the municipalities OF
Quebec, with the aid Of subsidies from
the government of the provinces: In
1907, 1000 miles; in 1909, 1000 miles
in 1911, $500 miles; in 1913, 15,GO0
miles; in 1916, $4,000 miles. Since
1911 more than 1914 miles of mac
adam and 497 miles of gravel roads
have been made in Quebec.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24

cases with concrete. In a number of
streets and roads recently inspected,
brick was used to patch concrete sur
faces, and concrete used topatch brick
surfaces.
"NEhen careless methods of this kind
are applied to the maintenance Of
public highways, the result is that
good type of road is made to appear
unsatisfactory and uneconomical, and
road improvement is discouraged
particularly the cheaper types of i'm
provement, which in most localities are
the best if properly maintained. 1t is
the utter neglect of maintenance and
the many improper methods CT repair
that have nodded public sentiment
against types of roads requiring an
nual maintenance, and have led road
promoters and officials to disregard
many economical types"
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
INA l-n-h9[T
Hi THF ny
lU9NQ-Sll
FREE HERD OF TUBERCULOSIS
Estimated by Department of AgrieuI.
ture That Disease Causes Annual
Loss of $25, 100000.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
The 165 veterinarians Of the United
States department of agriculture who
are in the field doing tuberculosis erad-
icati0n work, together with an equal
number of state men, have tested ap-
proXimately 500 purebred herds and
found them free from the disease The
owners of these herds have been given
an official certificate, stating that they
have tuberculosis-free accredited
herds. The veterinarians also have
given one test to 1000 herds in prep
aration for the accredited list. The
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
Herd Affected With tuberculosis.

owners of all these herds, together
with the breeds and number in each
herd, will be listed In publication
soon to be issued by the department.
Figures show that since July 1, 1918,
300 accredited herds and 1000 herds
that have passed one test have been
added to the list. The veterinarians
now have under supervision 1,200
herds Of purebred cattle and 600 herds
of grades which have shown by pre-
vious tests that one or more animals
have tuberculosis. The publication
lists LOO owners Of grade cattle
which have successfully passed the re-
quirements for tuberculosis-free ac-
credited herds. 1t Is estimated that
this disease causes an annual loss Of
S25,OO0o00.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
MUST REPAY GENEROUS FEED
Cow Is Living Machine, Taking Raw
Materials and Working Them
Over Into Milk.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture)
The cow must be regarded as sort
Of living machine. She takes the raw
materials given her in the form of food
and works them over into milk. If the
supply of proper materials is small, the
output will be small. The COW tnat will
not repay generous feeding should be
disposed of and one bought shat will.
There are, of course, certain inbred
characteristics or natural qualities
which even liberal feeding cannot
overcome.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
Benefits of Good Roads.

Good roads bring automobilists.
They spend money. Good roads bring
trade and increase property values.
They attract homeseekers and indus
tries.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1919-09-24
Do Not Build Roads.

Large appropriations and paper
plans for highway development 90 not
build roads.
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
DEFENDING THE SHAME OF
SHANTUNG.

Bishop John II. McKim of Tokyo,
during the discussion of mission needs
abroad at the triennial general conven-
tion of the Protestant Episcopal
Church, defending the Shantung deci-
sion. declared: Japan has always
kept her word. I wish l could always
say the same for the United States
government"
If residence abroad makes an Amer
lean ecclesiastical functiOnary n de-
fender of any offense against justice
committed by the country to which he
is assigned, and a defamer of his own
nation withal, then the wisdom of the
polity of assigning such clerical Off
cialS to permanent posts in foreign
lands may seriously be questioned.
Japan entered Korea to attack Rus
sia during the Russian-Japanese war
with a written agreement to respect
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
NEGRO CLUB WORK
BRINGS GRATIFY-
ING RESULTS

The county and home demonstration
work in the South among Negroes is
done in almost all instances by mem
bers of their own race who have been
trained by the white extension work
ers. The same types of club work are
done by the Negroes as are done by
the white club members. The results
have been gratifying in every locality,
according to the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture and the state ag-
ricultural colleges which cooperate in
the work.
A Negro agent in Pulaski County,.
Arkansas, tells of some of the results
of her work as follows:
Mr. Jim White was induced,
through the influence of the agent, to
remodel his home, adding new screen
porch, which includes the well. This
makes it very convenient for the
house wife The house has been
painted recently. A sanitary clubhouse
has been built and the garden enlarged
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
DENVER COLORADO. SATURDAY, OCTOBER rs, 1919

and well fenced. This was done last
year.
"Mrs. White, his wife, became very
deeply interested in poultry and from
the sale of chickens and eggs she real
lied $125. she used the money for
The walls were papered, three nice
rugs had been put on the floor, and
set of mission furniture was very neat
ly arranged in one room.
when i visited this room in 1917 l
found in it none of the things men
toned above and the contrast was
quite striking. These improvements
were directed outgrowth of the home
demonstration work through the poul-
try club, according to Mrs. White.
Mrs. NJ. Robbins, living near Mt.
Zion church, has sold all of her scrub
poultry and has fine lot of White
wyandottes instead She won the
first prize at the county fair last year
and is very hopeful of her future sue
cess with that breed of chickens.
1.-The club girls at st. Johns COM
munity have commenced their annual
Glenn up compaign, to the end that
the6shave whlte-washed several homes
and surrounding outhouses on their
home grounds. The president of the
club is very active. The garden club
members all purchased their seed to-
gether and each member planted seed
on the same date
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
TRAIN REFUSES
COLORED PASSENGERS

Houston. Tex, Oct 1J.-What looks
like n solemn warning against race pre-
judice which would place color before
humanity even in the face of a common
danger is furnished by II tragic hap
pening which took place at flood-swept
Galveston last week. Whether this be
so or not, it is certainly one case in
which apparently from race point OF
view prejudice provide providential.
That your readers may understand
the situation, it is well to state that
Galveston, which is iocated on an is
land a mile and IL half from the main
land, from which it is separated by the
waters of Galveston bay, has been al
most totally destroyed twice by storms
and floods. once in 1900 and again in
1918. Naturally, then, when storm sig
nails are raised over the customs mouse,
there is always anxiety about the safe-
ty of the people on the island, ana pre-
parations are begun to take the inhabi-
tants from the danger zone to Houston,
which is fifty miles distant ana ad1a-
cent territory. That was the case last
week. When the news was heralded
that storm was sweeping up from
Yucatan bringing death and destruc-
tion to Brownsville and Corpus Christi
and was headed for Galveston, relief
trains We're Immediately assempled TO
convey the endangered residents OF
Galveston to Houston over the interur-
ban. Despite the fact that the colored
population of Galveston number one
third of the whole. the interurban
trains refused to allow any colored
passengers to board any of the first
trains out of the threatened city. The
rule was white people first. When the
first rescue train loaded only with
whites, had reached n point half mile
distant from Galveston, the storm
swept it from the causeway into the an
gry waters of Galveston bay and hun
dreds perished.
1t was most distressing tragedy
which brought sorrow to hundreds of
homes. 1t strikes your correspondent
as being a significant occurrence which
should teach a solemn lesson to those
who would discriminate against any
class of citizens in Il time of common
danger. 1t may be only an uneXplain-
able coincidence, but 1t makes one
think.
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
Cause OF The
Disturbance
In Arkansas
STATEMENT BY WALTER F. WHITE, ASSISTANT SECRE-
TARY OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, WHO IN
VESTIG ATED THE RACE DISTURBANCES IN ARK.

absolutely penniless. Many similar
cases could be cited and it was a de-
termination to protest these condi-
tions that led to the formation of the
organization which is claimed by the
whites to have planned Il massacre"
SO far as 1 was able to discover, aft
er careful investigation on the
ground, there is no basis for belief that
IA massacre was planned by Negroes,
and, in point of fact. it was the Ne
groes who were massacred.
Negroes outnumber whites 6 to l in
Phillips county and if n massacre had
been planned the casualty lists would
not have been % Negroes as against
whites.
Many white people expressed doubts
of the truth of the massacre stories
sent out. 1t appears that the purpose
of these stories was to cloak the rob
berry of Negroes by white landlords
and agents Prices charged by land
lords and plantation stores as com
pared with those in the open market.
Bacon Cheapest grade, known as
sow belly), plantation, soc h.; open
market, zoe.
Mary Jane molasses, plantation, 81
gallon: open market, S1.10.
Compound lard, plantation, 56c lb.;
open market, 2Sc.
Sack of flour, 24-lb.. plantation,
50. 80; open market, $1.25.
In one case Negro was charged 500
for two secondhand plOws which cost
when new SIG each.
In another case set of rope pl0w
lines which cost % cents each were
sold for $3.50 to the Negro.
In another case a Negro was charged
S5S for tow sack and four bushels of
cotton seed, the value of which was 81
In another case Negro was
charged $3.50 express for moving of
nine pieces of furniture 100 miles by
freight. The actual cost could not
have been over So.
There have been numerous iynch-
ings in the past when Negroes have at
TEMPTED to obtain settlements from
landlords and the farmers organ1za-
ton was combine for the purpose OF
protesting against such outrageous
conditions as these.
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
Colored Women
Proved Ability for
Leadership

New York, October 19th.-ln report
ing the work of the Colored Work
Committee at the final meeting of the
War Work Council of the Young WOm-
ems Christian Association, held recent
ly at National Headquarters, 600 Lex
ington avenue, Miss Eva Bowles was
heartily applauded when she declared
that the war gave opportunity for col
ored women TO prove her ability for
leadership, and that she had her
chance and made good, and that the
time has passed for white leadership
for colored people.
Miss Bowles, during her report said !:
"As We report our achievements we
find ourselves facing the future that
will test all of our powers and conserve
the work already launched, and the
problem of promotion is our immediate
task All the problems that faced any
girl in war times were ours. together
with the more serious problems of race
relationship and understanding.
I'VE have ministered to our prob
lem from three outstanding ends; %
The immediate one of the hostess
houses in camps which was so acute
and the most picturesque of wartime
activities; (2) the colored girl as she
entered the industrial field; CD in
communities affected by camps and
cantonments where abnormal condi-
tions affected the life of the girl, here
were organized club and recreation
centers
To-day this committee with the
other committees of the National
Board, is facing the great problem of
reconstruction. The giant task that
lies ahead now that the world has been
saved for democracy is to make democ-
racy safe. The colored women lead
ers stand ready to do their part. The
war has given opportunity for the col
ored woman to prove her ability Tor
leadership; she had the chance and she
made good.
with all the strength of having
suffered she will be able through the
pdlleuce bOlii VI sulieiAhS w iS"' N"N
women and girls whom only she can
lead The time has passed for white
leadership for colored people. AS
white and colored women we must
understand each other; we must think
and act, plan together, for upon all of
us rests the responsibility of the girl
hood of all nations
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
An Old Race
War Warning

ruin of Il constitution whose benefits
they are not permitted to enjoy.
The creation of an order of citizens
who are to have no legislative or rep
resentative share in the government
necessarily lays the foundation of an
aristocracy of the most dangerous and
malignant kind"
Now. it is true that in no state of
the Union are persons of Negro blood
per Sc denied the franchise. But it
is indisputable that in many states
they are practically denied it, and that
in most if not all the states there is
under either written or unwritten law
discrimination against them and to
such discrimination the criticisms of
those New York statesmen of 1TS5 ap-
ply as aptly as they did to the objec-
was then vetoed. The general treat
ment of Negroes throughout the
United States creates a class suffer
ing from adverse discrimination, if not
discontented. class.
We do not think that their discon-
tent and resentment at such discrim-
ination are so Intense as to provoke
them to the initiative in racial con-
flicts. In most if not all cases, the
whites have been the aggressOrs. But
those feelings are sufficiently strong
to cause Negroes to meet aggression
of any kind with equally and perhaps
more savage aggression. Moreover.
the exercise of such discrimination
against them has n subjective effect
upon those who do it. moving them
TO inflict upon the objects of it ply
steal as well as social and moral evils.
1t is probable that resentment at such
discrimination incites many Negroes
to the commission of atrociOuS crimes
against whites, and particularly
against white women. 1t is certain
that it is because of that discrimina-
ton that the horrors of lynching are
so often visited upon Negroes, just as
much in cases where the full penalty
of the law is certain to be imposed
as where there is danger that it will
not be.
That the feeling of racial discrim-
ination. so long existent and now rad
ically instructive. can easily be over
come. or indeed that it will ever be
effectively overcome. may be too much
TO expect. That it will. so long as it
prevails, he frequent cause of ami
mostly and actual conflict is unhap-
PLY very much to be feared.-Har-
veys Weekly.
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25

and maintain the independence of
Korea. Despite that pledge the SOW
ereignty of Korea was overthrown, her
rulers removed, her queen burned at
the stake, thousands of revolutionists
have been murdered. even within the
past few months, and a more ruthless
policy of suppression and extermina-
tion has been adopted than was ever
before forced upon a conquered nation
in all the history of the world.
Think of an American churchman
defending such record as this. and
comparing his own country's history
unfavorably with it
characteristic incident occurred in
connection with this episode.
When these statements were chal-
lenged, Or. Roswell Page of Virginia,
a brother of former Ambassador Page
and strong administration supporter.
deprecated the discussion of such ''po-
litical matters" while President Wilson
was i'll
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25
WHITE WOMAN ADMITS SHE WAS
NOT ASSAULTED.

New York, Oct S.-The District of
Columbia branch of the National Asso-
citation for the Advancement of Col
Ored People has issued a statement III
which it declares that the story OF an
assault on a white woman living IN
Central Heights, Md, alleged to nave
occurred while the race riots We're go
ing on in July, was fabrication. MAJ
r w Pullman, superintendent of po-
lice is quoted by the association as its
authority. This makes the second case
This summer in Washington in which
the story of an assault has been given
wide publication, only to have 1t dis
covered later that there was no assault
at all.
The Colorado statesman., 1919-10-25

-HE cause of the disturbance in
Arkansas was SyStematlc roD-
berry of Negro tenant farmers
and share crOppers. For years Ne
croes have been working the farms OF
white owners on shares and when the
time came for settlement, owners
have refused to give them itemizeu
statements of their accounts Negro
tenant farmers and share croppers
must buy their supplies during the
year from the plantation store or some
designated store. The system Kept the
Negro continually in debt ana 1t is All
unwritten law in Arkansas as IN many
narts of the South that the Negro may
not leave the plantation until the depl
is paid.
"The Progressive Farmers anu
Household Union of America was
formed by Negro share croppers ana
the dues paid We're to go INTO IL coni-
mon fund to employ lawyer. Inc
LAWYER was to make n test case III
co,,,t of one tenant farmers inability
to obtain an itemized statement OF HIS
account ..e, on
On October 6 tenant farmers OH
twenty-one plantations were 10 ASK 'he
owners for n settlement. III appears
+bot failing a settlement, the Negroes
were going to refuse to pick the cottoh
+han in the field or to sell cotton be-
,opging to them for less than the mar
ket nrice Trouble, however, was pre-
cipitated when w. A. Adkins spec'a'
agent for the Missouri Pacitic raii-
road: Charles Pratt, deputy sheriff.
and . Neqro "trusty" were fired upon'
CO If is claimed, by Negroes in
church at Hoop Spur. Adkihs was
killed and Pratt severely wounded.
statement of one of the persons Ill the
oburcb Mt the time, however, SHOWS
that Adkins and Pratt fired INTO the
church without provocation ana tna'
their fire was returned with the ABOVE
mentioned results. That precipitateu
the trouble. A. oon-
ono case which will show the econ
omic exploitation is that of Negro OH
rho nlantation of r. b. McComps'
white man in Ashley county, ARKANSAS
The Negro's crop was worth S9,9zz..o'
the Negroes share being S1,66l.3o. MIC
Combs paid the Negro 1926 and re-
fused to pay him any more declaring
that the Negro had taken up the oai-
ance in goods. The Negro orousn'
suit hut failed TO obtain Judgment
the iury being white, as is always 'i'e
case in that part of the country.
Another Negro coming from 'iie
State Labor Commissioners office ue-
c,ored that he had worked y acres OH
shares and that the total value Oh HIS
CROP Mt present prices was Sl'ooo. Inc
owner of the land had taken all OF the
CROP. had refused settlement and tne
Negro had walked 122 miles TO Littie
Rock hoping to get lawyer pelhs