davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Pure Water For Cows

The average dairy COW will require win ter and summer a large amount of water for the proper upkeep of her body in or der to keep her in good, thrifty, produc- tive condition, but in addition to this, much more water will be needed for pro- ducing milk I have found that it is a very good policy to provide the dairy herd with an abundance of fresh, pure water Water that is impure, stagnant, muddy or otherwise foul, is not fit for any use on a dairy farm.
 Ir winter especially it is very important that the water be of mild temperature. When ice cold water is taken into the stomach of a COW, it causes a shock and chills the system until it injures the pro- ducing qualities of any COW. The tenn pering or warming of this cold water that takes place after the COW drinks 1t also uses up. some of her energy that might be used or applied properly for some other purpose. At all times fresh run ming water is best for all around pur- poses and more likely to be pure than any other water available. However, all farms do not have this kind of water Where tank systems are installed 1t IS "a good plan to have the tanks fitted ur with some heating apparatus that dairy men have found satisfactory, as 1t warns the water to a normal temperature in d comparatively short time and one of Sttese ought to be in use on such farms where dairying is carried on at all seasons iof the year. COW can drink more warn than cold water in winter and as 1t is re- ouired for milk production, it will pay to have the water at a normal tempera ture.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Club Girl Cans For Others

Seven cents pint 10 cents quart and 15 cents a half gallon jar were the prices charged for canning last season by Mar garet Kirk, a Yakima county, Washing ton, club girl. After she and two other girls had completed several years of can- ming club work, the club leader of the county, appointed by the United States Department of Agriculture and the state college, proposed that they sell their can- ming experience. Busy housewives in their locality were eager to employ some one who could do this work for them. The little industry at first was established in the high school kitchen, but when the other two girls found difficulty in con- tinuing the work, Miss Kirk moved it to her own home. Her patrons brought the produce, jars and other necessities to her and returned for the finished work All summer she had as many patrons as she could accommodate. Her profits for her summers work were $312.37. Besides this commercial work, she canned for her own family and spent several days at the schoolhouse canning for the soldiers at Camp Lewis Miss Kirk was awarded the Washington state championship for can ming in 1918.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
BOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS
 COM NIFTY CENTERS
A Dish of Greens

Que thing I thought I never could do was to make George like greens. He all ways said he didn't like grass said Mrs Moss as she looked with great sat sfaction at the empty vegetable dish.
 But today when I was out seeing how our grass seed was coming up I saw those nice tender looking greens and could not resist gathering a hasketful for din- ner"
 Her guest laughed. Evidently George wasn't so hard to please after all. saw him take two generous helpings and he seemed not to be doing it from pain full sense of duty, either. Wasn't his dis llke of them due principally to the fact that you hadn't given him a chance to like greens at their best?'
 of course it was,' agreed Mrs. Moss. 'T believe that is where many house. wives make a mistake in choosing Vege- tables They are so afraid that their hus- bands will not like different kinds that they use the same one or two vegetables all the time. As result their diet IS not nearly as varied as it might be and the members of the family miss the spring tonic effect so many believe the greens would have on their systems. sIu warrant you if those women would cook greens by the recipe I used this noon and some others that I found in d Newspaper under the heading Recipes Tested in the Home Economic Experi- mental Kitchen of the United States De- partment of Agriculture, nine out of every ten husbands would try them and call greens good food.
 Here they are. Take a copy of them home with you this afternon so you can try them out. I'm sure your husband will like them as well as mine did,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Less Idle Wool Machinery

Wool machinery in operation on April showed an increase for the first time this year in the monthly active and idle wool machinery report issued by the gov ernment There were 10 per cent fewer wide looms idle, 3.5 per cent fewer mar row looms idle and over per cent fewer carpet looms idle on April than on March l.
 Deci eases in idle woolen cards and spin- dies and wosted combs and spindles are also shown Idle machinery on Aprii
 expressed in percentages was: Wlde looms. R.4: narrow looms, SS9; carpet looms, 571; woolen cards. 265; woolen spindles, 2S4; worsted combs, S4.2' ana worsted spindles, 36.1.
 The report shows very few machines working on government orders. the per ceatages ranging from 0.3 to Z,z. "nicl is a decrase from March of this year | A decrease in the amount of macnlners reported as running 40 hours or less week is shown, the range being rom | to F per cent on April l compared 10 range of 3 to r per cent on March l.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Bird Law Constitutional

The constitutionality of the federal migratory bird treaty act approved July B. 1918, is upheld in an opinion rendered last week by Federal Judge Jacob Trieber of the eastern district of Arkansas in the case of United States against E. D.. Thompson of Memphis charged with kill ing and possessing one robin in violation of the act
 This is one of the most important de- cisions ever rendered affecting the con- servation of wild life. It sustains the right of Congress to enact legislation to insure the execution of the terms of the treaty between the United States and Great Britain concluded August 16 19l6 fer the protection of migratory birds in the United States and Canada.
 It will be recalled that sIudee' Triebel in 1914, in inc case of United States against Harvey C. Shauver, decided that the migratory bird law approved March 4 1913, was uncons titutional. The present law re- peaIed the act of 1913,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Disposing of DeadAnimals

. The carcasses of animals which have srccumbed to infectious diseases like anthrax, hog cholera, blackleg, tubercu- losis, etc, are charged with myriads of virulent disease germs. and just as long as they remain where scavengers car reach them and portions of them can be carried away promiscuously, they are a dangerous menace over a large territory to all animals which are liable to be at tscked by disease germs. Even carcasSes of animals which have died from other causes than infectious diseases, unless they are disposed of in a proper way, are q source of danger. Left on the surface of the ground, their odor soon Invites scavengers to congreg gate and to bring with them the infectious ma terial with which they may have become Contaminated by eating carrion else where.
 M Dead animals on the farm should be buried deep enough to prevent them from being dug up again, or they should be burned To burn large carcasses like those of dead horses and cattle is diffi- Cult and laborious and requires a large snuantitv of fuel In most instances it is more economical to bury them. All ami raals which have died from infectious diseases and are buried should be GOV cred with heavy layer of lime before the graves are closed.
 s In the winter. when the ground is frozen, it is more difficult to dig graves than at other seasons of the year, but il is just in cold weather that disease germs sre main alive and virulent longest in deae sc -anic matter and that scavengers trave sthe longest distances, have the best ap 5petites and are most likely to carry dis ease germs on and in their bodies. Th' extra trouble of digging graves in tn swinter is easily offset by the greate danger it counteracts, Low temperatur prevents the multiplication of diseas germs, but many kinds of disease germ are not killed or deprived of their per e1,icicus possibilities by exposure to a lowe temperature than the lowest reached dur ing an icv, arctic winter
 Everywhere farmers not only shoul attend to the proper and safe disposal O 5the bodies of their own animals whic Unfortunately die but they should insis or the proper disposal of the bodies of a animals which die anywhere in tn regions in which their farms are located
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Do You Keep a Bee?"

The Alabama extension service is mak- ing beekeeping survey of Alabama, to accurately ascertain and develop the in terest and investment in bee culture Tn the state. Dr. F. L. Thomas, the exten- sion entomologist at Auburn, has just sent out 5000 circulars requesting all owners of bees to give full information of their plants, number of colonies, kind of bees, surplus honey produced in 1918. where marketed and chief honey plants in local fly a, e A systematic and continuous effort will fhen be made to develop one of the great natural resources of agricultural life in Alabama, for which the results of the survey will furnish fundamental facts The extent to which this modest indus try may be developed is unlimited and the extension service is anxious to cooperate fin the work. A summary of the results or the survey will be published when se cured.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Hats Off To Farmers

When this country entered the war
 Uncle Sam called for an increased pro-
 duction of food, urging the farmers of
 the country to plant every available acre. The food producers of the nation respond
 ed by planting over il, 100000 acres more than had been planted during the year previous. The acreage of all crops during 1918, according to figures just tabulated bv the bureau of crop estimates, United States Department of Agriculture, was 367, ,73S, ,000 as compared to 356, ,341, 900 acres planted in 1917 and 34.793,Oo acres planted in 1916.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Egg Day" In Oregon

The farm bureau of Jackson county, Or econ. is operating in three districts of the county an egg marketing plan that is meeting with success and winning the cc-operation of the business interests of the county. certain day each, week IS known as H"egg day." when farmers de- liver their eggs to a central place. where they are candled and cased. the actual
 cost of the candling and crates being charged against the farmer according to the number of eggs that he brings to mar ket The eggs are then sold to the high est bidder, and have brought an advance of from 6 to s cents a dozen over the prices received before this plan was used.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Testing Calves

Calves may become infected with tu-
 berculosis at an early age, and any eff
 fort to eradicate this dreaded disease
 from the herd should not overlook the
 younger animals. Diseased stock may un-
 doubtedly transmit the ailment to calves by association with them in the same stable or feed lot. and even by contact through fence which divides the young CT from the older animals.
 The youngest age at which department veterinarians recommend testing calves for tuberculosis is months. In special instances, however, numbers of animals under this age have been satisfactorily tested with tuberculin. The present reg ulations of the bureau prescribe a dose of two cubic centimeters of tuberculin for calves ranging from months to 1 year of age.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Among County Agents
By P. o. DAVIS, Auburn.


 County Agent Savage of High Jack son" is already making plans for his community fairs, most of which Will De held just before his county fair. This IS good business and these early plans are very beneficial.
 Agents Carnes and Savage are think ing of shipping their club hogs the las. day of their county fair this fall. A goo9 prize list will help to get them Tn anu from the first day to the last day or the fair there will be time to get up Hole hogs if a car is not on hand.
 Fred Stewart has outlined a soil pullo- ing programme for his corn club poys; This is a most important thing to do, ana I hope all agents will do likewise.
 J. D. Wood is preparing for big coun- ty club rally at Russellville May "A. Muen good should come from this meeting J. A. Mcleod expects to ship one or more cars of club pigs next october. MT: Mcleod has a pig weighing crate ana steel yards that he carries on the sue of his car, and has weighed more than 100 pigs in the feeding phase Of pig cIup work.
 J. P. Wilson, county agent of CoVing- ton county, has placed 5 registered Piss with club members at Red Level. The pigs were purchased by the People panK of Red Level. Each club member receives years subscription to the Duroc Buile : tin.
 An original pig club song written oy the teachers of Langham school, balo- win county, adds interest to club Wolh there. G. V. Stelzenmuller, county agent has been holding some meetings or tne , clubs and finds the members enthusiastic and making progress. H. H. Williamsoneof Escambia county IS l featuring organized clubs that nave adopted a breed of hogs this year He is pushing the breeding phase and most of his club members have registered pigs.
 1 The outstanding club work being done by other county agents will be commented | on from time to time.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Best of Steel

Knives in common use for bleeding and braining poultry are not suited to their purpose according to United States departmnet of agriculture specialists. The blades are too broad and too long and the curve at the point should be on the back instead of on the cutting edge
 The handle is so large that the killer IS encouraged to use too much force III making the cut to bleed, whereas light touch of the sharp knife, properly dl- rected, is all that is needed to cut the
 blood vessels The knives are also in sanitary, in that dirt coiiects at the Junc-
 ton of the blade and handle.
 The knife should be small, with nar-
 rcw blade; stiff, so that it does not bend;
 of the best steel, so that it can be keps
 sharp and is not nicked when used In
 braining; and the handle and blade should be in one piece.
 Such knife with the aid of the pack
 ing-h house emery wheel or grindstone and flat file 10 make it, the blade should be shaped from the small end of the file It should be, for chickens. two inches long, one-fourth inch wide, and one-six- teenth inch thick at the back. For tur- keys, the blade should be two and one half inches long. The curve to make the point should slope from the back down ward. A blade of this shape reaches th' blood vessels more surely than does blade on which the point surves upward After the blade is made the ridges on thu l file should be ground down, leaving jus enough roughness to prevent the knif slipping in the hand of the killer. Tn handle should be five incnes long.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Standardizing Live Stock

The farm bureau of Grafton county New Hampshire, can help develop com munity enterprises. The community
 chairman in Oxford found that 10 fafmers 5
 ir his immediate vicinity owned pure-preu
 Berkshire hogs. He felt this was sooo
 foundation for standardizing the swine
 of the community, and asked the counes '
 agent for assistance in strengthening and extending interest in one breed. He ar ranged a meeting at which the county agent set forth the advantages or com munities specializing in one breed. AS result the farmers formed preeoins association and voted to hold sale oi registered stock each year Many. eA, | amples show he value of community | breeding certain line of stock rather | than each member of the community pro ceding along his own individual line' say the United States Department or Aeri- l culture.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
Get Experience of Owners

Help for American farmers m answes, ras heen provided by the United States Dena rtment of Agriculture in numoer O. publications which give the exper,enee m cs of users in number of states. inese b,,,etins which may be obtained free f, on, the department at Washington are
 Farmers Bulletin s63. tractor h'Apeii- ence in Illinois" ~ ro+o-s in Eastern Farming
 Farmers Bulletin 1885. 'The Farm Trac- 'o1 T.rnoars, .m Bulletin 7o9, An Economic stndv of the Farm Tractor in the Corn Belt ,-. ..p,.r, Exne. Department bulletin IT, "Farm EApe' rience with the Tractor.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
TOO MANY SIZES OF HAMPERS

To eliminate much of rne confusion ana simplify marketing products in hampers the United States Department of Aericul- tpre favors the standardization Of hamp- CTS along three general lines as to ca raeity. dimensions and strength.
 The hamper basket is a popular shlp- ping container, particularly in the east ern ard southern states. Each year apoue n nnl oo0 of these baskets, of all sizes are manufactured in about 100 factories near the large producing sections or Tn 1 the timber areas. Some of the larger fac tories turn out from 100000 to 5o0,00O bas- | kets annually and one firm is known to have an output of over 1.oooooO. By the use of r1achines making 800 to soo paskeis daily the manufacturer mas peen apis
 tn incres SC his output greatly over hand
 production .;as
 These hampers are now made in a."ide
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
They Canned the 'Sas"

Kansas boys and girls, 1886 strong, en- rolled last year in clubs organized to con- serve surplus fruits and vegetables. The result was 521, ,910 quarts of canned food products and 31,O5o quarts of jelly. The total estimated valuation was s26s. .555.s 80. The amount would have been larger but for the dry summer and the consequent shortage of fruits and vegetables in the state These clubs for young people were organized comparatively. All Kansas is behind the work that the boys and girls are doing in the clubs. This spring the Kansas Bankers association paid the ex- perses of 15 club members-state protect winners of 19lS-to the farm and home week, held at the Agricultural college, Manhattan.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12

range cf sizes, from quarts to 50 quarts, some sizes containing even fractions of guar tS. With such a wide variety, it is difficult for a commission dealer to know which to crder. There is also a wide differenc" in quality. Manufacturers have ca tered 10 the demands of the grower for a cheap package, and in doing so have sacrificed strength. The shipper who uses flimsy baskets is penny wise and pound foolsh.' fer frequently he stands to lose s10o wtrth of products in shipment when he saves S1 in the cost of his baskets. Railroads are often expected to make good these losses in transit and are sometimes called upon to pay unjust claims The railroads, however, have been at fault In acceT ting re,shables in light, flimsy con- tainers ard the breakage, furthermore, is often brought about by unnecessary rough handling. It must be remembered l that ln the end the consumer has to pay | for all such losses as well as for the ! trouble from so many different kinds and 1 sizes of baskets
 1 FIVE SIZES WOULD BE AMPLE l A thorough canvass by the bureau of l markets in the various producing sec 1 tions has resulted in the conclusion that l five sizes of hampers are ample. These sizes are the S-quart or peck basket, the | 1G- quart or half bushel basket, the 20- 1 quart or hVe-elghthS buShel DaSKet, the
 32-quart or bushel basket, and the 4S- | quart or bushel and half basket. Two ! shapes are recommended for the last named. To drop any of these sizes would | be detrimental both to the trade and to the public interest, and to add to them | would mean useless and unnecessary packages.
 By standardzing the dimensions of hampers, the purchaser will be able to determine whether he has been sold a standaId or non-standard basket, sim Lily by taking the measurements of the top, tottoin and sides of the basket. It will not be necessary to call in an in- spector or to take chance of the baskets being unlawful. inasmuch as the dimen- sions determine the capacity Baskets
 of standard dimensions can he loaded 1 more easily and snugly than can baskets
 Of different sizes. The standardization
 oe dimensions would be a great boon tc
 the basket manufacturer, elimina ting duplication of forms and raw materials
 This would tend to reduce the cost o1 manufs.ctvre.
 Baskets should be standardized as tt
 strength. for weak. flimsy packages vii
 not carry to market and the result i:
 loss of enu,mous amounts of foodstuft
 and damage claims running .1to million
 oe cellars. The question Of prope" tt.l
 strmctioii Of hampers can, depar'ne,'i spe
 ci llsts LelieNe, best be left tc reguia
 ton. but il; a law only few of the prn [ ciple clements of strength such as th'
 thickness of slaves, or of the bottom < piece, over which there can be little O , TO disagreement should be incorporated
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12

Although only 200 board feet are used in the construction of the average size airplane, the necessity of best quality wood forces the builders to work over about 15O0 feet of the best lumber avail able. And this comes from approximately l5.00O board feet of standard timber.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12

Although rdiculed as craze, IL Is d scientific fact that sour milk conduces 'o longevity.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12
BERRY AND GRAPE BASKETS

The first piece of national legislation covering containers for fruits and vege- tables applied to barrels, which was fol- lowed by the standard-container act in 1916, standardizing berry boxes, climax or grape baskets and other small con- .ainers.
 Now all berries and grapes that move across state lines are carried in standard sized rackages, while manufacturers no longer make other types of grape and berry baskets. This insures a square ,leal'' 10 producer and consumer, because the full-ineasure baskets mean that the
 producer no longer loses on oversize containers and the consumer gets fuii measure when he buys berries and grapes Various states have passed laws stand ardizing other forms of containers, but there is sometimes lack of uniformity Tn these state laws and confusion arises at receiving rr.arkets This is especially | true in the case of hampers in which vast amounts of fruits and vegetables are shipped each year from many producing l
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-06-12

Few people realize, when they sit down to dinner including fresh fruits and vegetables, the great problems confront ing the producer, carrier and jobber In pa cking, loading, preserving in transit or marketing these perishable foodstuffs Systems of marketing have been so devei- oped that these perishable products can be placed in prime condition at the very door of the consumer. Even when the snow covers the ground in the north, peo- pie in large cities are supplied with strawberries and oranges from Florida, cauliflower and letture from California and green onions and radishes from Louis-
 jana and Mississippi.
 While many problems have been solved, others have been only partially cleared away The proper type of packages or containers for marketing perishables comes in the latter class. A visitor to any wholesale district in a large city is | confronted with a confusing array of bas- kets, boxes and crates of every conceiV- | able size and shape, which may cause him t6 wonder how business can be car ried on under such circumstances