davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
House Fails to Learn
Fate Of Kerensky Loans
.4ssisfnn, Treasury Secretary
Unable TO Tell How .4Auay,ces
Of Sl37, 100000 We're Spent
t.'eW York Tribune
UGsl1i3lUtOn Bureau

..tW OrS = ffOUnC
Washington Bureau
WASHINGTON, July 25.-The ques-
ton of what became of S1o7 ,OO0, 900
worth of war materials belonging to the
Kerensky government, for which the
United States advanced the money,
was raised when Assistant Secretary
Of the Treasury Letfingwell appeared
before the House Committee on Ex-
penditures in the State Department
to day.
Substituting for Frank L. Polk,
Under Secretary of State, now on his
way to Paris, Mr.. I.etfingwcll confirmed
the amounts of loans extended TO the
Kerensky regime, but was unable to
go into details regarding the reported
assumption of Russian British con-
tracts by the American government.
He said he knew nothing of the dis
position of the goods bought with the
$1S7 900, 900.
Members of the committee, however,
were inclined to question the apparent
lack Of action and information on the
part of the State Department regard
ing the disposition of war materials
so bought. They expressed the view
that most of those goods never got
to Russia, owing to the short duration
Of the kerensky regime and the diff
culties attendant upon securing ships
and speedy completion of contracts.
They expressed desire to in
qure into the report that many of
the goods were sold following the fall
of the Kerensky government and to
know why the proceeds of those sales
should not have been turned back to
the American government by way of
salvaging what appeared. in view OF
the fact that the Bolsheviki had gained
control in Russia and had openly
avowed intention to repudiate all for
eign debts, to be bad security.
The committee will hold an execu-
tive session at the Treasury Depart
mcnt next week at the invitation of
Mr. Letfingwell, at which time fuller
details of Russian financial transac-
tions will be disclosed.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
League Debate Began 80
Months Ago, Says Borah
Declares 1t Started Long Before
the President Called on Ma.
ton to Elect Only Democrats

WASHINGTON, July Ex-senator
Borah, Republican, Of Idaho, in
speech in the Senate to-day regarding
former President Tafts suggestion for
adoption of Senate interpretations of
the peace treNy, said the former
President had taken the "amazing" po-
sition Of infering that opposition to
the treaty was largely the result of
President Wilson's partisan course last
fall and during the peace negotiations.
The real debate in the Senate on a
league of nations, Mr.. Borah said, had
begun two and d half years ago, and
he and other Senators had taken the
same positions they take now.
am opposed to any interpretations.
reservations or amendments In this
treaty" Senator Borah said, "and I
hope the opportunity will be presented
for rae to vote against it as a whole"
Replying TO d question. Mr.. Borah
said that while he opposed rcserva-
| lions he might vote for them IL the
parliamentary situation permitted him
! TO express his viewn in no other way.
In discussing the Monroe Doctrine,
/ Mr.. Borsh snid
"f had my way, would retain
Washlngton's policy (against cntangl-
ing ai!ianccs)' and, II necessary, let the
Monroe Doctrine 20.
! mir. Taft's suggestion for preservs
Z ton Of the Monroe Doctrine would be
utterly futile. There is just one way
TO preserve it, and that is to stay out
/ Of European affairs
6cnatoI Borah agreed that under the
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Austria BANKRUPT.
Cannot Meet Terms.
DIR. Renner rosests
Chancellor Says treaty Is
"Alnerican Duel Vic.
Tim Must Shoot Himself
or Be Shot; Food Lacking

VIENNA, July "a (By The Associated
Press THE new terms of the Aus
trian peace treaty are making no
special impression on the general pub
lie. The newspapers, however, remark
that the world still is attempting to
treat Austria as great state. instead
of one which has lost tive-siXth Of her
great empire of 55,O0O0O persons to
100000, who are facing a winter in
which hundreds Of thousands are sure
to die of famine or cold.
The "Neue Freie Presse' says: Tho
Allies wish to force Austria into bank
ruptcy and thereby get 2 prior claim
on her income. which viii be applied to
damages and reparations.'
Called american Duel"
DR.. Karl Renner, the German-Aus-
trian Chancellor and head Of the peace
delegation which visited St. German,
in an interview published here, says:
eve are invited to IAN American
duel-that is. we have the option Of
shooting ourselves or of being shot
Within the next ten days the Austrian
delegates must furnish proofs that
Austria is willing to pay, with assets
which are nonresident
Lacks Food and Coal
DR. Alfred Treichl managing director
of the Anglo-Austrian Bank, said:
"Since the war Austria has been
stripped gradually of her possessions,
until she is now deprived of what
other countries consider necessares Of
life, as she is without food and with
out coal. The only solution for our
people is emigration. With gold re-
serve of possibly 100000 600 crowns
we are expected to redeem banknotes
in foreign countries totalling from
5.000,00O,00O to 70OO.0OO.0O0 and war
loan of possibly 500,00O,000. mostly
held in Germany. Of Al 900 900, 900
banknotes printed in the empire we
now hold from 5000 100000 to 1000
100000
"Whatever the peace terms, they
probably will not be executed. as any
commission sent here TO supervise
their execution will discover that It
cannot be done
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Hungary Sends Big Army
Against Rumanian Forces

PARIS, July PA Bucharest dis
patch dated Thursday says tho Hun
garans last Sunday started an often
sive with eight or nine divisions, over
whemed the Rumanian advance guards
and crossed the Thesis River at sew
eral points, but suffered a severe check
in the northern sector of the fightir ~
front.
The dispatch adds that Rumanian re
serves on Tuesday counter attack I'd
and recaptured Hodmezo- Vasarhcly
(fourteen miles northeast of Szcged-
in), but that sharp fighting continued
when the dispatch was filed.
1t is the intention Of the Hunga-
rians, says the dispatch to destroy Ru-
mania, which is an obstacle to their
plan to link up with the Russian Boil
shcviki,, expecting meanwhile that
those Bugatans and Austrians who
nrn dissatisfied with the peace confer
ence decision will join the ranks of
the Bolshevists.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26

remaining out until February, 1917. 1t
ence had not kept China out of the war
until after Kiao-chu had been cap
tured "the leased territory of Kiao- chau
would have been directly restored to
China as one of the states associated to
win the war against the Central
Powers"
The Chinese delegates also charged
that the Japanese had arranged secre,
trcH.y sith Russia for a military ALI
anea sainst the political domination OF
China py any third power but failing
TO provide assainst such domination by
either Japan, Russia. or both of them.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
ilson Sorts Out Peace
Data asked BY Senate
President Is Planning Another
Week-End Cruise to hampton
Roads on Yacht Mayfo,per

WASHINGTON, July 25.-President
Wilson was in his study early to-day
and among the many matters before
him was the preparation of informa
tlon and documents relating to the
peace negotiations requested by the
senate. A vast number of papers have
TO be separated from the President s
personal documents and this work was
expected to consume much time
The President paid an unexpected
call on Secretary Baker in the State
War and Navy Building just before
noon. He did not communicate his
intention to White House attaches and
crossed the street from the White
House unattended.
After conferring half an hour with
Mr.. Baker, the President called on Sec,
retary Lansing, remaining about ter
minutes. He then returned to the
White House. There was no intima.
tion as to what matters he had dis
cussed with the secretaries.
President Wilson to-day was con-
siderng n weekend cruise on the
yacht Mayhowcr, the weather being
ideal for voyage to Hampton Roads.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Pittman Sees Danger
In Any Reservation
Change by u. S. Senate W'ould
Permit Other Nations to
Start Peace Arcumenks 4nep,

WASHINGTON, July 25.--Any reser-
vations in Senate ratification of the
peace treaty would reopen the whole
heid of negotiation, encourage other
nations to make reservations and re-
new international dissension, declared
Senator Pittm&n, of Nevada, Demo-
cratic membeT of the Foreign Relations
Committee in an address to-day in the
Senate.
The speaker cited the Spanish treaty
of 1919, to which the Senate attached
reservation az to papal claims IN
Florida. and said that although the
Spanish government attached the
same reservation, the treaty had been
ratified second time because the two
stipulations we're differently worded
He pointed out that the Supreme Court
later had held this reservation TO be
"a part of the treaty" and that the
same court had held of the treaty with
Spain that "in it's essence it is a con-
tract"
Both Sides Have Rights
r. "It is Material" continued Sena-
tor Pittman, '%hether the Senate con-
siders the reservation as changing the
treaty or not, for that is a question
under the law of contracts that the
other party has an equal right 70
determine. 1t is immaterial whether
the change be accomplished in the
body Of the treaty or by reservations
IN the resolution approving the treaty
or by interpretative clauses annexed
to the treaty The words in contract
are Of as much Importance TO the con
tracing parties as the agreement IT.
self, and the words once agreed upon
cannot be changed without the con
sent OF each of the parties to be bound
by the contract.
"Are we justified in assuming that
other parliaments and governments will
accept without further Interpretation
our definitions Of the articles of the
covenant as affecting our own obiga
tions?
Thinks Japan Might Act
"Japan's most bitter fight at the coun
Gil table was to grant the league juris
dction to prevent the United States
Canada and Australia from excludin,
Japanese from their territories undc
the immigration laws. Think you tina
the Japanese government will neglec
the opportunity to again insist upol
reservations in the treaty covering thi
point?
Think you that the Italian Parlia
ment, having the opportunity by reopen
ing of negotiations, would hesitate t
place in the treaty reservations whc
they believe are necessary to protec
her interests at Fiumc, Dalmatia an
along tho Adriatic when we had set tn
example?
would there be cause for surprise i
in the circumstances, the Parliament O
|, Great Britain should feel justified j
adding a reservation to the treaty whc
it goes back to them, to the effect tina
the clause providing for limitation c
naval armament shall not, by reaso
of Great Britain's peculiar situation
| apply to that government?
. "Unless we approve this treaty as
t stands then we open the door to all {
the disastrous possibilities of renewc
! international dlsscnsion"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Russia Is Promised
Home Rule by Kolchak
admiral Sounds kneN Of Cen.
mediterranean; Au Diri-
sions TO Hare System Selected

PARIS, July 25 (By The Associated
Press Radical decentralization in the
reconstruction of Russia is the settled
policy of Admiral Kolchak, head of the
All-Russlan government Mt Omsk. ac-
cordng to Sergius Sazonofr, Foreign
Minister of the Omsk government. A
detailed explanation of this policy and
general outline of the political plans
OF the holchak government were given
to-day to The Associated Press by NJ.
Sazonoff, who recently returned from
London. where he conferred with Brit
ish officials.
Laws regulating the status of nation
alities, Minister Sazonoff said. ncces-
sarlly Will be incorporated in the con-
stitution to be framed for Russia bv
the Constituent Assembly ii Admiral
kolchak succeeds in reaching Moscow
Consequently, he explained, Kolchak's
regula tions or decisions cannot be con-
sidered as final until approved bv tho
assembly.
Denounces Old System
"One of the most harmful defects Of
the old system" he said "was the on
deavor to direct the details of life in
the most remote corner of the empire
through far-removed bureaucrnt;.,
centre.
"ln new Russia tho local government
is to be the fundamental basis in life.
Experience is teaching that the local
government is the real foundation Of
all efficient public structures. II is Ad-
miral kolchnk's purpose to leave all
local matters to the inhabitants them
selves and to conserve for the central
state only functions of general char
acter to be embodied in the constitu-
ton
Because of differences in customs.
culture and traditions ono may forosoe
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Chinese Profession
~: -ntung Offered
Spencer Submits to Sen
ate What He Terms
an ''OGcial'' COPY

WASHINGTON, July 25. - Senator
Spencer. Republican. of Missouri, laid
befOee the Senate to- day what he said
wax an official copy Of China's plea at
Versailles against the Shantung settle
ment.
The petition declares Japan's prom
isc 20 return Kiao -chau at some future
pledge 10 return, also, the surrounding
territory dominating Kiao-chau. 1t is
recited that the treaties resulting in
Japan's claims to Kiao-chau, which fol-
lowed the famous twenty-one demands
OF 1915, were made under ntimida-
tion" and that Japan's real aim in en-
tering the war against Germany was
TO strengthen her own position in the
Far East.
Summary of Chlna's Appeal
China's appeal for abrogation Of the
1918 treaties was summarized as fol
lows:
These treaties attempt to deal
with matters whose proper deter
rnlnation is entirely right Of the
peace conference.
They contravene the Allied form
uls OF justice and principles now
serving as the guiding rules Of the
peace conference.
specifically, they violate the ter
ritorial integrity and political indie
pcndencc of China as guaranteed in
the series Of conventions and agfee-
ments concluded by Great Britain,
FRANCE, Russia and the United states
with Japan
They were negotiated in circum-
stances Of intimidation and conclud-
ed undcp the duress OF the japanese
ultinatum Of May r. 1915
They are lacking In nnality. be-
ing 80 regarded by Japan. who sought
10 make them final by negotiating be-
lore China was sufYered to enter the
var get of secret agreements at
variance with the principles accc pied
by the belligerents as the basis Of the
peace settlement
Tokio-Russo Pact Charged
The petition declares that except fo
the attitude Of Japan China would hav
joined the Albss In August, 1914, Oh
- iatsst. ~ ovsmbsr. 1915. instead o
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26


'1n my talk with the President
appealed to him especially on this
Snaatung section. pointing out the ef-
feet of the provisio,. on the Christian
CT ureh. on the schools and on the uni
versities there
An interested listener during the
speeches of Senators Borah andothe.
on the league of nations in the Senate
this aftcrnoon was Vance Mccormick.
former chairman of the Democratic
National Committee and head of the
Var Trade Board.
Processing indignation at the delay
in ratifying the treaty, Mr.. Mccormick
declared his purpose to organize
body. with headquarters in Washing
ton, which would work for speedy
ratification and attempt to build fires
back in their own states against Sen
ators opposing ratification.
Republicans Disappointed
Senator Hitchcock pointed out that
Mr.. Mccormick had just returned from
Furop.. where he had been on official
business, and that he appreciated the
great need for haste IN this matter.
Republican Senators are disappointed
nv tho action of the President in de
clining to comply with the requests OF
the Foreign Relations Committee for
Information which the committee deems
il necessary to have before completing
its consideration of the treaty.
The committee is still waiting Tor
an answer to it's request OF July 10 fior
the reports of the proceedings OF the
neace conference, the American draft
of the league of nations covenant, 'he
reason why Costa Rica was barred from
the deae,,e of nations, and the text o., OF
the Shantung protest reported TO nave
80, rsade bv three of the American
peace commissioners.
Senator Hitchcock has announced
officially that the text of the american
draft would be furnished to the COM
mittee. No statement whatever elther
that the material will be furnished, or
vii, NOT. or is not available, or is con-
edential. has reached the committee
an arv other point. and nothing mas
been said on this except the statement
of Mr.. Hitchcock on the moor yestef
dav in replying to an attack OF tne
Administration for not furnishing 'h's
information. 49,. ~,
Meanwhile. Senators say 1na' on er'
President. while urging haste IN con
versat;ons at the White House. Il
sctuallv delaying the final ratificatlol
NJ tho treaty through his failure so IA
ne coInla4Igcc the lntofMaOlo o'
y haa rrnrested. Tie committee, wa t
i-e for this information. is vfrtuaii.
marking time. a ;
The Only thing being accomplished
that set speeches on the supJesi, ar !,
being delivered. The only srouofe ~ II
Senator's point out, that most OF III
Seuators now making their lorna
spenches will make other speeches later
esneciallv if the information requeste
by no committee should develop an
rev angles on the situation.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26

varied forms of local lf-government,
ranging from complete home rule down
to elemental forms of communal adj
ministration among nomadic tribes Of
Asia, where the low state of culture
will make a period Of education neces-
sary before complete government
will be possible. In such cases the
practice will be similar to that fol-
lowed by the United States in its terri
tories"
Protection of the rights OF minorities
throughout all Russia will be an i'm
portant feature of the ALI sian
governments policy, the Foreign Min
ister said. This is, in reality, but q
consequence of the principle of u--sy
and equality Of citizenship, forbido ;Ag
any discrimination whatever in any
part Of the country against any citizen
irrespective of religion or locality Of
BIRTH" he said.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
10000 Germans Strike
In Big Electrical Works
Employees Of Sicmens.Schuckert
Company Quit and Metal
Workers Will Follow

BERLIN. July 25.-All the employees
of the Siemcns-Sc -Schuckert Company,
one of the largest electrical firms in
Germany, struck this afternoon. The
strikers number 10000 A general
strike OF metal workers is expected to-
morrow.
The Siemcns-Schuckert men struck
because Of the discharge Thursday of
10000 Of their fellow workers at two
other plants OF the company in Stem
stradt.
Telegraph workmen and mechanics
employed by the Postal and Telc-
graphs Administration went on strike
to-day as protest against the dis
schhrgo Of 200 of their colleagues for
participating in Mondays strike.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26

league covenant Congress retained the
Technical" right to declare war, but, he
said, the moral pressure of demands
from Geneva might prevent Congress
from exercising its own judgment.
The proposed French treaty, Senator
Borah continued, is made for war and
not for peace. Premier Clemenccau, he
said. refused to approve the league un-
til the French British American treaty
was provided for.
"The agreement to come to the rescue
of France against Germany" Senator
Hitchcock (Democrat, of Nebraska, in
terjected, "wil have the same effect in
Europe as the Monroe Doctrine has in
America. 1t will prevent wa by giving
notice in advance of the protection to
be given France"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-26
Report Made Public Here


mission, which was made public in
New York by the Serbian Official In
formation Bureau at the same time
that it waA published in Paris, charges
that the B Bulgarians committed whole
sale massacl.es of prisoners of war, sys-
tematic murder of civilians, including
women and children; the torture of
whole populations by methods more
barbarous than those of the Spanish
lnquisition and the organized pillag
ing OF the nation.
The treatmeut of Serbian women
and young girls, as described in the
report, was re nolting. Boiling and
burning alive were common features
Of the tortures inflicted on men, wom-
en- and children Nike, and Bulgarian
bishop named Mckenzie is accused of
having preached 10 church the doc
trine that the Serbian women should
submit to the Bulgarian soldiers The
division of the report which deals with
tortures opens with the statement that
"one can say without fear of contra
diction that no murder has been COM
mitted which was not preceded by tor
ture"
In summing I'D its findings the
commission reports:
The Bulgarian crimes. exceed the
ordinary infringenents of international
law. They are crimes Of common law,
such as assassnatlons, murder, blows,
wounds, violences, Violations, attacks
on personal liberty, pillages, extortions,
fires. etc. The entire Bulgarian regime
bears criminal mark.
The Bulgarian government is held
directly responsible by the commits
sion for the long record of outrage,
torture, massacre and pillage which
pn tow
While many of the most terrible
crimes described are laid to the ac-
count of the Irregular police, organ
lied from the lowest and criminal ele-
mcnts OF the Bulgarian population, .he
report declares that some of the r,eg
ular army officers outrivalled tanc
heads of the police in the massacre cf
the civilian population" Examples are
given OF a lieutenant who alone killed
ten to fifteen persons at one time, of
another lieutenant who boasted that
he had personally killed more than 300
and OF several other officers who gave
orders for massacres.
In the beginning of the 1915 cam
paign, the report says, the massacre
of Serbian prisoners and wounded De
came almost the rule, the slaughters
being preceded by tortures and mutila-
tions. Whole groups of prisoners were
tied one 10 another and then slashed
to death with swords. In one instance
a group of between $50 and 200 We're
butchered with knives and bayonets.
In the case of civilians priests were
the most numerous victims, the mum
ber of clergymen slain exceeding $50.
The hatred of the Bulgarians for the
Serbian church" says the report, was
of beastly savage nature. They pro-
famed the affairs, stripped the nuns, at
tackled the priests and monks" Sew
eral of the priests are said to have
lost their reason, while others commit
ted suicide.
After the priests the fury of the
invaders fell upon professors, school
masters, judges. lawyers and mer-
chants, who were murdered indiscri1n
inately.