The news scimitar. (Memphis, Tenn.) 1907-1926, 1919-09-30

printed in the senate records and an
effort will be maze 20 have them reach
the people as public documents.
! said unfortunately for the presi-
dent" because he made his clearest
arguments while on the Pacific coast
He made the most effective exposition
Of his case only after he got farther
West and seemed to warm up to his
subject and really take cognizance Of
the objections to the covenant around
which public opinion was beginning to
cTystalize. II was not until he reached
Spokane for instance, that he tackled
the question of why Great Britain
should have six votes In the assembly
TO Americas one. He didn't touch spe-
officially on reserva lions till he reached
Montana. The president was educated
as he went westward. He learned what
| Impression had been implanted In the
public mind. In a nutshell, here Is the
| substance OF the main arguments made
| by the president for the passage Of the
treaty and the league Of nations.
To Prevent Other Wars.
America conscripted large army,
raised billions of dollars and sacrificed
| thousands Of lives not merely TO beat
| Germany but to prevent another world
war from decimating civilization. Nine
| months would be required by the terms
| of the treaty and league for arbitration
| or official discussion of international
disputes, During that period oppor-
tunity would surely be afforded for
| passions to cool Had there been nine
days given to international conference
| In 1914 there would have been no war.
| America Is already bound by treaties
| with 80 nations OF the world not to 60
to war for one year while disputes are
| submitted to joint commissions for dis
| cussion. Therefore, IN self protection,
| America should be foremost in asking
| other nations to subscribe to the same
| principle Of action through the league
Of nations.
Any nation agreeing by signature Of
| the peace treaty TO submit disputes to
nine months arbitration or discussion
and then refusing to do so will be sub
| 1ected to an economic boycott-that Is,
II would be permitted no food or goods
OF any kind, no business Intercourse Of
any sort and will be Isolated and thus
| compelled to lay It's case before the ma
tions OF the world Should something
stronger than economic force be neces-
| sary, the council OF league OF nations,
| on which sits an American representa-
tive, shall advise what other steps shall
BIT needed to compel obedience and the
preservation of peace,
No action can be taken by the council
without the consent OF the American
| representative because unanimous
vote Is required The American dele
gate would be subject to instruction by
the president of the United States, who
| in turn Is constitutionaly unable to
declare war without the consent Of con-
gress, so that the powers of the Amer
| lean representative at the seat OF the
league of nations would be little differ
ent from those OF any American am
bassador at any foreign capital.
| No action whatever affecting the EN- Z.
ployment Of military or naval forces
can be taken by the assembly Of the
league wherein Great Britain has six
votes. The assembly takes no action
but renders opinions on questions sub
mitted to it,, No opinion OF the ma
tority OF delegates In the assembly can
be valid unless In that majority Is in
cluded all the nations represented on
the council and since America Is a
permanent representative on the coun-
ell, the veto Of the United States can
invalidate any opinion rendered by the
assembly where Great Britain has six
votes.
lnasmuch as the British votes are
given to self-governing colonies like
Canada, South Africa, New Zealand.
India and Australia and constitute
merely voice debate" the president
sees no objection to them, especially
because he thinks that even in mat
iers OF opinion, the British colonies viii
not act as unit but may more often
side with the United States than will
some OF the small nations OF Europe,
not so closely akin to the people OF
The United States, either racially or
politically. The president insists that
even greater than its physical force
and that provision made by II for in.
ternational conferences on matters OF
'abor, health and the advancement of
human society generally will make for
\ better civilization