davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-20
Five Principal Points.

There are FIVE principal matters Of
nrlme Importance contained in the con-
stltution.
"first. The surrender by the several
rations to the league of the power and
discretion of determining the rules. meth
DDS and degree of disarmament and the
relative and absolute size of the army
and navy which any member OF the
league may maintain.
"Seoond. Compulsory arbitration OF
all questions of every kind and descrip-
ton, even those which heretofore have
been regarded as non-justiciable, affect
.ng the vital interests honor and even
the independence. of the nations. There
is no exception whatever.
"Third. The commitment Of each
member of the league. including the
United states If II should become a mem
her, to participate in the wars and con-
troversies of every other nation and 10
assume the general guardianship of va
rious people in Europe, Asia and Africa,
"Fourth. The participation by. the
league through an international bureau
Of labor in the domestic, social. economic
and industrial problems both in their
own countries and in all countries 10
which their commercial and industrial
relations extend This is contained In
Article NX.. and the extent of the par
ncipation and powers of the Interna-
tional Bureau of Labor are left entirely
lague and indefinite. What steps will
ne taken by the league or what power II
will legitimately have to carry out the
policies declared in this article are left
to the wide discretion of the league it.
SELF. as there is no limitation placed
upon il.
"Flfth. The surrender by the United
States TO the other members OF the league
% the power vested in Congress by the
Constitution TO regulate commerce with
foreign nations in arms and ammunition
This Is contained in Article XVIII In the
following language: The high contract
tng parties agree that the league shall
ne intrusted. with general supervision
Of the trade in arms and ammunition
With the countries in which the contro
OF this traffic is necessary in the common
Interest
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-20
d / r + c TO R S

FREDERICK H. ECKER,
RoBERr W. pEFoREsT,
JOHN ANDERSON,
ALANsoN B. HoUGHToN,
WALTER c. HUMsroNE,
ALEXANDER p. W. KNNAN,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-20
FATAL LEAGUE IS
HIT BY POINDEXTER


prosperity. Therefore. he thought, the
question at once arises, Should we depart
rom this policy OF Washington and
Monroe OF cuitivating friendly relations
With all nations and making entangiins
alliances with none. or should we enter
into the most entangllng alliance pos
yoie TO conceive OF?
"The question now presented" said
Senator Poindexter, us whether this
high sovereign Jurisdiction OF the politi-
cal heirs OF Washington. Jefferson and
Lincoln is to be In part surrendered and
subjected to the control OF aliens and
strangers
Free Discussion Imperative.
Tho Senator said that the entire ques-
ton must Of necessity be submitted to
all OF the people for free and frank dis
cussion, in every form and at every fire.
side, He noted that the constitution OF
the League OF Nations was framed in
secret that the world was kept in ig-
rorance Of its provisions until they were
published on February II, 1919.
1T came forth full panoplied as
though born from the head OF Jove." the
senator said. ION the same day a
eulOEy or It's PROVISIONS ana an aTEu-
ment in It's behalf was made by the
President. On the morning of February
IS, 1919, there was published to the
world a request from the President that
its provisions be not debated in Con-
gress until he should have had an OPP
portunity in a private meeting with the
members of the Foreign Relations COM
nittees Of Congress further to speak In
it, advocacy and to Justify not only the
principles involved but the very form
O, its language article by article.
Before the busy world whose desti-
MES are TO be controlled by this new
dispensation has had an opportunity
thoroughly TO read and to disgest its
provisions We are requested not to
make 1t the subject of debate in Con-
gress until the President can again speak
in its behalf. The situation Is similar to
that when the people of this country
Indignantly protested against premature
peace negotiations with Germany and
we're told to leave the discussion OF
terms Of peace to the Governments in
VOWED and to busy themselves with pro-
viding the necessary funds. 1t is a mat
ter. however, Of too much Importance TO,
Us 10 remain altogether silent. Nd harm
an be done by full discussion"
The question arises, Senator Poindex'
Ter continued. as to whether, when we
AVE committed ourselves to its power
we can ever withdraw. He thought 1t.
advocates would contend that We could
abrogate the agreement at any time, bu
the same contention was made when the
States Joined the Federal Union. Th'
contention caused the bloodiest war ant
the most pitHul sacrifices. He saw moth
ing in the league authorizing withdraw
and he believed that the Executive Coun
I'll would decide that obligations wer,
birding forever upon the members HI
continued:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-20

O1ro T. BARNARD,
MITCHELL d. FoLLANsBEE,
WILLIAM B. THOMPSON.
JOSEPH P. DAY,
OTIs II. CUTLER,
LANcDoN p. MARVIN,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920, 1919-02-20

JoHN r. HEGENAN,
JOSEPH p. KNAPP,
HALEY FIsKg,
WILLIAM H. CROKER,
HENRY OLLEsHEIMgR.
MORGAN J. o'BRRN.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
WOMAN SETS RECORD
 'MUSHING" 147 MILES

ANCHORAGE, Alaska, March 29- With an average of 1872 miles day in bad weather and over a rough trail, Mrs W. A. Ryan, wife of the exam iner of accounts in the office of Sec retary of the Interior Lane, at Wash ington, D. C., established for a woman a new record for "mushing" in Alas ka. Travelling between ends of steel on the Fairbanks and Ancho rage di- visions of the government railroad, she made 147 miles in eight days.
 During the trip, Mrs. Ryan, who is a ''cheechaco," experienced weather as cold as 40 degrees below zero. At this temperature, on three nights, she was unable to reach roadhouses, be- cause of having been delayed in her schedule by snOw-obliterated trail. and was compelled to ''Siwash" it, or sleep in the open.
 Mrs. Ryan wa accompanied on the trip by Mir. Ryan.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
HIGH COST OF BRICK
 TO BE INVESTIGATED
Common Kind Increased Two Times as Much as Fancy,
 and Probe Is Ordered

CHICAGO, March 29.-When mem bers of the legislative commission in vestigating the high price of building materials resumes its inquiry next Friday an effort will be made to as certain why the price of common building brick has increased 70 per cent, while the price of ornamental brick and other building material have not advanced more than 35 to 45 per cent. A large number of brick manu- lecturers and dealers have been sub uoenaed to testifp before the commis- sio non the subject.
 "The high price asked for common brick I think is the key to this whole problem,''t said Chairman John Daly. ~Mor6 common brick are used in building than any other material and we are curious to know why this com modity has advanced 70 per cent, while prices of ornamental brick and otheR building material have not been raised more than 35 to 45 per cent"
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30

they had cCmpassed. It is estimated that 2,GoOOOO were slain.
 Thousands of Armenians fled into the Caucasus and with the GeOrgians formed an army of 25O,OOO men which fought GU the side of the allies.
 Perhaps million are left in Turk ish Armenia of the people Who have so long suffered persecution. That persecution is ended and thousands will return from the four corners of the earth to enjoy the peace of their native land.
 sELF-GoVERNING ABILITY.
 Peasants, workmen. artisans most Iy, they have displayed stubborn en- d'Irante rather than moral stamina. Their ability for self-government is a thing untr:ed in modern days Their sponsors will have much to do be sides protect them from incursions.
 Armenia will be given seaports at Trebizond, cn the Black sea, and on the Mediterranean, it is expected.
 The wide plains of the Van produce excellent crops and there are rich valleys where cotton and rice and fruit and tobacco grow. There are some silk mills and other small in dustries, but mostly the people are handworkers, weaving of rugs being one of the chief industries.
 Rich copper mines and iron and gold and silver are Armenia's mineral wealth.
 IN APPEARANCE ARE LIKE JEWS.
 In appearance the Armenians are much like the Jews. In temperament the yare oriental, full of sentiment and emotion. The women weep readily. In enc of the American schools the Americans have done more than any ether nation to educate and light. en the lot of the Armenians-when a girl die6 her school1nates wept and screamed until some uI them were sent home i'll. The Armenians are natural actors and singers.
 Their attire is oriental, the women wearing the bloomers and dark bodice and a kerchief over their head, while the men dress like Turks, in collar less coats and red fez, Outside ot their native regions they assume the dress Of the Europeans.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
5000 RIFLES TO BE
 SHIPPED TO MEXICO

FL PASO, March 29.-Five thou sand rifles. a quantity of ammunition and other war elements will be cross ed here tomorrow for the Mexican federal government in the north. The rifles and ammunition were shipped from an arms company in New Haven, Conn.,, and were made for the use of the American army overseas and nev- CT used.
 A special permit was said to have been issued by the state department for the exportation of these rifles anc ammunition, which will be used in the campaign against Villas followers in northern Mexico and to protect the American-owned mining properties in the isolated districts freQuented by Villa.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
MISS SARAH RANDOLPH
 WEDS IT. TRUSCOTT

The home of Dr. and Mrs. F. E. Shine Ras the scene of an interesting wedding yesterdhY afternoon when Miss Sarah Nichols Randolph, the at tractiye daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Vii. liam Randolph was married to It Lucian King Truscott of the 17th cav airy. The service was read at 5 o'clock by the Rev. Jacob Morton White of St. Johns Episcopal church and only few intimate friends wit messed the ceremony. The bride wore a gown of white crepe de chine eff. fectively draped and with only a simple beaded trimming. Her veil of tulle was fastened with a bandeau and she carried a huge arm bouquet of white carnations. The only attend ant was It. Cameron of the 17th cay airy, the best man.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
BARNES WINS NORTH
 AND SOUTH TOURNEY

PiNFHURST, N. C.. March 29A James Ma Barnes pf Sunset Hills club, St. Louis, won the North and Sout hopen golf championship here today, leading the field by a margin of two strokes with total of 29S for the 72 holes. Michael ;. Brady of the Oakley club, Boston, finished second with soc. Barnes and Brady tied for the lead at 223 at the end of the first 54 holes, but Barnes finished the last IS in 75 to Brady's 77.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
FLIGHT UNOFFICIAL,
 IS DEFENSE OFFERED
 BY CPT. CHAMBERLAIN
Court Martial Attorneys At tempt to Prove Texas
 Boy Told Truth
fBv Review Leased Wirel


 LONDON, March 29.-In the court martial proceedings today of Captain Edmund G. Chamberlain of San An tonic, Texas, in connection with his claims of noted aerial performances in company with British air forces last summer. the defense's cross-examina- tion of the famous British airman, Major R. 8. Maxwell, commanding squadron 54 at TouQuen at the time of Chamberlafn's visit, indicated that an attempt would be made to show that Chamberlain had made an unofficial flight with the conIiyanee of some British pilot friend. disgusting him self in the latters flying clothes.
 Major Maxwell. who testified yes terday that Chamberlain flew no ma chine of his squadron and that he did not know any of the British officers named in the reports of Chamberlain's exploits, admitted today that 1t was possible for a visitor to get away fn a machine for flight, but said he had such confidence in his pilots that he was certain he would be advised of any such incident, and, furthermore, would be able to check up any falsi- fication na pilots report.
 The defense brought out that the witness had said to Captain Chamber lain at Lille, where he had met him at the offices in January last:
 Aren't you the fellow that stole a Camel (the name of machine) from us at Touquin?" and also that he had told Lieutenant Commander F. B. AL Ian, U. s. N., who had investigated tn Chsmberlain case, that no squad ron commander would admit having let. sailor fly unofficially, as that wonld mean the loss of his majority and reduction to the ranks.
 Major Maxwell could not remember whether he had told Commander Allan that he would like to help Chamber lain, but could not He knew of cases wheer pilots had claimed results that could not be verified officially.
 Major Maxwell promptly answered the volley of questions which were fired from both sides regarding the minute details of his gouquin air drome, his fighting machines and their equipment, flight operations, the to- pography of the front, the signalling used in flights and the work of the squadron on the various days of Chamberlain's reputed visit to You quin
 The court has been greatly impress ed by the knowledge of this work and the exact information possessed by the royal forces witnesses and at the conclusion of Major Maxwell's testi- Rony, the prosecution grayely asked the witness if he had ever taken a course tn memory training. He wished to show in the record to the reviewing authorities, he said, what a remarkable witness the court had before it."
 Captain G. H. HeakwilI and V. S. Bennett of the royal air forces, testi- fled that certain parts of the report of ChRmberlain's flight were highly improbable.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
BISBEE GOLF TEAM FOR SOUTHWESTERN
 TITLE PLAY PICKED
Five Local Men to Compete at Fl Paso April 4,
 , and 6

The Warren District Country club yesterday announced the personnel of the golf team which will represent Bisbee in the Southwestern Golf tour nament, to be held on the links of the Fl Paso Country club April f, and 6. The five local men who will en- deavor to win the trophy for this dis trict are Louis Curry, J. E. Curry, w. B. Gohring, G. H. Dowell and J. c. B. Amos.
 Last year, at the annual tournament, the Tucson team won the champion ship. Golf enthusiasts state that more interest than usual is being taken in the coming meet and that many per sons are expected to accompany the Globe, Phoenix and Tucson to Fl Paso.
 Garnett King, general passenge> agent for the Fl Paso & Southwestern system, was in Bisbee yesterday ana announced that an extra Pullman has been arranged for to accommodate nesday, April 9 The golf team from here will arrive in the Pass City on the morning of April 3, and will haev an opportunity to practice one day be- fore the tournament begins.
 The program of the meet consists of II events. In addition to the cham pionship contest by teams, individual competition for the championship of the association will take place. Pro- fessional events. the winners of which will receive cash prizes, will be held on the last day of the meet.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
ALBANIA APPLIES FOR
 U. s. AS MANDATORY
lBy Review Leased Wlrel

- t5y fteNltW LeaSed WlreJ
 WASHINGTON, March 29-Request that the United States assume a man. datory power over Albania under the League of Nations has been presented to the peace conference by the AL banian delegation, it was announced today by Constant A. Chekrezi, Amer ican representative of the Albanian federation.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
MORRIS TRIAL ENDS.

TACOMA, Wash, March 29.-The trial by general court-martial in Camp Lewis of Bernard Patrick Morris, the professional hockey player charged with desertiOn, was completed today. Final decision will not De announced. it was said, Until some time next week
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
N. '. GIRL WINS SWIM

tEy Review Leased fFire)
 PHILADELPHIA, March 29.-Char lotte Boyle of New York won the wo- mans national 10O-yards indoor swim ming championship here tonight. Her time was minute 6 3-5 seconds.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
12,O00 MORE TROOPS
 LEAVE ON WAY HOME
CBy Review Leased Wirel

WASHINGTON. March 29. - De parture from France of the transport Leviathan with more than 12,0OO troops aboard, the battleships Rhode Island and Virginia, all bringing units of the ssth Wisconsin and Michigan national army) division and two other transports was announced tonight by the war department.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
BROOKLYN DEFEATS
 N. Y. AMERICANS, 8-6I

JACKSONVILLE, Fla, March % The Brooklyn National league team defeated the New York Americans here today, 8 to 6.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
Here's Story Of RdUished Armenia Nation Wants U. s. As Protector

Armenian refugees have been fed ead clothed by American relief workers Below is map of the country will be if the boundaries established requested by the persecuted people.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
Centuries of Oppression to Give Way to Peace Un-
 der League Plan

It's long suffering people the Unit ed States will become mandatory for if it acts as foster-daddy to Armenia under lie direction of the League of Nations.
 It's a people who claim an early civilization, whose homeland is the very heart of the reglon which the Bible tells us was re-peopled by the sons of Noah after the great deluge. Nit. Ararat, where Noah's ark went aground, is in the center of their land
 A thousand years before Christ a distinct Armenian people occupied this region and paid tribute to a line of noble kings and boasted of culture and leaning.
 Their kingdom extended from the Black sea and the Caucasus mountains to Persia and Syria and had an area cf 500,000 square miles.
 Babylonia, Persia, nome exacted tribute from Armenia in turn, but left her to work out her own internal problems, and in the dark ages' of the western world, Armenia attained her highest position in world civiliza- tiOn.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30

BatterleS-Grlmer, PIeIler, CadOre and Krueger; Quinn, Brady. Schneider and Hanna, Ruel.
 KANSAS CITY, March 29.-The Kansas City Blues defeated the St. Louis Nationals here today, II to 3.
 The score: R. H. E. Kansas City ................11 15 ? St Louis 1
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
AFENIAN CHURCH.

The Armenian church was estab- lished in BIO A D. by Gregory. I5 years before hte Greek church and became a strong power behind Chris t:anity.
 Gregory was imprisoned because he would not worship old gods, but re- leased converted his king and in eight years had Christianized his country. Zorastrianism, the old re- hgion of the country, collapsed.
 Rulers of Persia tried to put down Christianity and threw the country into anarchy
 Then came Arab rule and 25O years of bitter conflict between Mohamme- dans ond Byzantines swept the land. A hundred years of peace followed, beginning with the reign of the Jew ish king, Ashod I. Through it all, Ar menfas preserved their race.
 Byzantine and Mongol invasfons brought a serious of subjugations and prosecutions which have not ended to the present day.
 When the Ottoman Turk set up his mosque at Agia Sofia in the sixteenth century. he got a grip on the land that has not been .loosened until the great war killed the power of the Turk.
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
kURDs COMMIT ATROCITIES.

But the Turks and the Kurds were lily curbed and the massacres -contin- ued. Villages were devastated, fam inc and plague followed. The Turk ish government relunctantly permitted the Red Cross to bring relief to the sufferers. The outrages became fewer for a time But in August, 1916, a mob in corstantinople. spurred on by government agents. beat to death 4,OO0 Armenians, because of attacks by group of Armenians on the Otto man bank.
 Determined efforts to stamp out the entire Armenian race followed this outbreak, and European alliances be came so entangled that no power dared to step in and compel the in- humanity to cease.
 Fanaticism and cupidity of the igno- rant subjects of the Turkish ogvern- mont were Iiayed on and they came to see the exterminatfon of the Ar menIan as a religious duty, with con- fiscation Of his property as the re- ward
 THOUSANDS DIE.
 With the outbreak of the great war and the entrance of Turkey on the side Of Germany, the extermination of the Armenians was quickened They were slaughtered by thousands in their homes and villages. They were herded together for deportation and started on marches of hundreds of miles which had for their purpose only the death by exhaustion and starva- tion of the E'dl chers. Hundreds whose vitality carried t;iem far were butch cred by the roadsides. Mothers with babes who fell out were either slain or left to starve. Turkish officials bcaetad Of the numbers whose death
Bisbee daily review., 1919-03-30
MoHAMMED TOLERANT.

Mohammed, the conqueror, was tol- erant for time. He left the Chris tians alone, though granting them no civil recognition until tne embEaced Mohammedanism. Armenians became the traders and business men among the Turks and were loyal as citizens though they clung to their ancient language and religion.
 Armenia, in time, on the ever changing map of Europe, was divided among Turkey, Russia and Persia. But Turkey controlled most. Russian Nj hilists. provoked revolts in 1885 and warfare marked by extreme cruelty on both sides was waged.
 Turkey intrusted the subduing of the rebels to the savage Kurds and then began the massacres which have stirred the civilized world and made the name of Turkey infamous.
 In 1894 England, France and Rus sia. backed up by their warships made the sultan promise restitution and reforms. The Armenians wanted safety, share in the government and proportional representation.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-06-09

Ekaterinburs, 1000 miles sfurthsr west;
IN the shadow Of the mighty Ural
mountains, where the 3Bolshevistst are
reported to-be making their last deeper
ate stand. Ekaterinburg IL the head
quarters of General Gaida; who II said
to be the youngest Ind n Of the ablest
Of the generals engaged in the war. He
is the most formidable obstacle against
which bolshevism has been breaking its
forces.
II took US just nine weeks Of riding
tolget to Ekaterinburs. Our acconmo-
dations o the train were Of the most
primitive nature. We travslsd s. box
cars. originally designed apparently Tor
cattle. They were lighted with 1
dles. and what heat WI got came from
\ wood burning stoys inrsgonssend Of tho
car. : sS & sas
At Nikolskk, MAanchufia, we scAns.
upon a train or 1880 BoiShetik. pril.
Grand Forks herald. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1916-1955, 1919-06-09
smoRaseu tneh mouse which the .r ana NE unnrtunaeim loved ones were ket Drn.~
oner awaiting fhr tate md Y was thus eessy guarded by the Boshevk -

wenty-f five freight cars filled with food,
lotAing and medicine for the thou
ands upon thousanGs of destitute
cfugees in the interior Of Siberia and
Russia proper. O.,
Tie demoralized condition of the
ailfoad aud its personnel and the
uinNous state Of the tracks made prog
.essgS extremely slow. We. were under
s~aySnearly a month before we reached
Omsk, the headquarters Of Admiral
Kolehak, the new dictator Of ''all the.
Russias." &
Omsk has thus become the rival Of
the older capitals Of Russia, Petroxrad
aud Moscow, andsis now the hub Of the
politics Of the vast country and the
home Of: many thousands Of
fusitiyes, most Of whom are suffering
from hunger and exposure and many
81 whom arb III. It Il the center Of
|. di5trlct Ii which. when ! was there.
'E4nEEt HLa~N3AtFE IAn