davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
LabOr's Weakness

Returning to Great Britain after
visiting America two years ago, Mr..
Thomas remarked that, in so far as
labor suffers any disadvantages in
the United States, it was largely
attributable to its failure to WELD
it's inherent political power through
the formation of a separate party.
He said the attempt to separate the
industrial sphere from the political
was a mistake, tending to make
trade unionists lobbyists" when
they came into contact with the
legislative bodies.
81 deplore," Mr.. Thomas added,
IN surveying present conditions IN
this country, "a tendency to cause
mischief between the United States
and Great Britain, but am equally
satisfied from talking to the people
have met here that the effort
does not represenS the best element,
or even a majority of the people.
The ties that bind these two nations
ere not surface ties, but long stand
ing ties, historical, geographical,
yes, blood ties. And it should be
remembered that no two nations
brought such pure idealism and un-
selhshness into the war as the
United States and Great Britain,
and that no one nation gave so
much blood for no material or sell
fish ends, but that right might tri-
umph over might, as Great Britain.
''It is not generally realized that
a million of our best blood passed
into the Great Unknown during the
war, or that our casualties exceeded
100000, or that our national debt
increased s7,00O,OOO,0OO. All this
was in addition to the sacrifice OF
living on rations and all the other
wartime restrictions. \ nation that
can do those things for the princi-
pie of right requires no defence.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
The Truce Observed

Answering the first part Of the in
ouiry, he said: There has been no
change. When the war broke out
the British railway workers signed
a truce not to take part in or create
any industrial dispute while the war
lasted. That truce has been OBJ
served, and since the signing Of the
armistice negotiations which have
taken place resulted in the war con-
ditions of labor being guaranteed for
a period of twelve months. The
guarantee expires in December Of
this year.
Negotiations are now under way
to determine what the situation will
be after that time. 1t has been
clearly recognized that it is difficult
to legislate permanently for abnor-
NAL conditions which may fuctuate
greatly when normal conditions are
restored. These negotiations are
being guaranteed on the one side by
representatives Of the railway COM
panies and on the other by repre-
sentatives Of the men. When | re-
turn shall resume charge of the
workers case
The next query related to the OBJ
jective Of the railway workers.
1T is difficult to be specific Mr..
Thomas rejoined, "in view Of the
changing conditions, but can say
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

signs by g pretence Of patriotism,
lust as they sometimes do with re-
ligion?
A.-Yes; it is not infrequently true
that patriotism is thus abused.
Professor Reeves was asked by
Attorney Lucking whether or not
the following language taken from
one Of Mr.. Ford's utterahces was
considered by him as anarchistic:
"If had my way I'd throw every
ounce of the war into the sea, strip
the uniforms Of the soldiers and
sailors of their senseless insignia
and make all Of their apparel mt
for honest toll. l would beach every
warship and dissemble every rife
and gun, and convert the salvage
into useful commercial implements,
to be used for the benefit and up
building Of mankind"
ut might be all right TO believe
if everybody did it," said Mr..
Reeves, "but I think it would be a
fool thing to do if we were the
only ones to do it, especially il Ger
many were In the attitude she was
at the time-in 1915. II all man
kind were perfect, If the lion could
lie down with the lamb, / should
say I should agree to it. But in
the condition in which the world
was in l915-that is quite differ
cp<
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
; For More Democracy

The Britisher overfowed with
IDEAS On the subject which he dwells
en with passionate zeal-a pro-
gramrne for bringing greater de-
nocracy into industry. The sturdy
leader, . man of middle height,
scrty-four years old, is general sec
retary and head Of the National
Union Of Railwaymen. which has
more than 100000 members; treas
urer Of the Triple Alliance (of rail
vaynsn, transport workers and
miner), which he's q membership
sxcseding 1,500. 900, and Is Mem
Der Of Parliament A large fore
bad and blazing brown eyes sug-
: asst the intellectual fibre Of the
nsn. In his facial expression kindli-
ness fuses with seriousness. He has
brown n1stache and wears bow
ts. He speaks with a sweeping
esrrestness.
What changes do you observe in
he United States since you were
tsre two years ago a. labor mem
atr Of the Balfouy mission 70 this
esuntry7" Mr.. Thomas was asked.
> Although ! recognize" he re-
Slied, that II IL not the duty Of
|. ny foreigner. no matter how disin-
.sessstsd. 70 interfere With or dog
nstts On the internal s6atn Of
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

~ NE result Of the upheaval in
Russia holds alarming possi-
~ bilities for the future. Mill
ions Of children in their i'm
presrionable years have been wan
derins the streets Of Russian cities,
gaining their idea of life and gov
ernmctt from the outrages and vio-
lence perpetrated upon themselves
and their parents. Lack Of educa-
ton in the past has been largely re-
sponsible for the present state of
affairs. and what schools there are
have been thrown into chaos. In
many cases the Bolsheviki are teach
ing the children their own doctrines
and little else.
Nine. Catherine Breshkovsky, the
Little Grandmother Of the Revolt
tion," known throughout the world
because Of her gallant efforts to edu-
cate the Russian peasants, has just
started back to Russia.
The Catherine Breshkovsky Rus
sian Relief Fund, 3Sl Fourth Ave-
nue., New York City, is collecting
funds for the building Of schools
One shipment Of clothes, including
garments for babies, already has
left for Russia.
The fund has the support Of many
prominent Americans, including ex-
Governor Hughes and Henry Nor
genthau. It's president is Lawrence
F. Abbott, president Of the Outlook
Company. The members Of the COM
mittee feel that Americans can do
much toward encouraging the more
stable elements of the Russian peo-
ple By taking care Of the young and
helpless. Justice Hughes, who is one
Of those supporting Nine. Breshkov-
sky's work, was asked why he was
interested in Russian Relief. He
said:
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

on this side Of the Rio Grande, and
it was while this war was going
on that Lowell uttered sentences
that war was murder and In oppo-
sition to the very war we were
carrying on at that time. Lowell
put the words into the mouth Of
Hosea Biglow."
Lines from Alfred 'Tennyson's
"Locksley Hall" were quoted
when the war drums throb no longer
And the battle flags are furled;
In the parliament Of man.
The federation of the world
which Mr.. Reeves announced con-
tanned nothing anarchistic.
1T is to be hoped the federation
Of the world-that is, the federation
Of the nations-would make war un-
likely. That was Tennyson's idea,
and think held By many at the
present time" was the answer.
Anarchy means literally with
out government. A large number
Of American thinkers. such men as
Emerson, Whittier, Thoreau, Tom
Fisk, Bronson Olcott and others,
represented the same school OF
thought. Not anarchists but tran
scendentalists."
Another interesting BIT OF dia-
logue:
Q-Do you know old Samuel
Johnson7
A.--Yes. He published d'etion-
airy.
Q.-Did he once say, patriotism
Is the last resort OF a scoundrel"7
A-Yss: he made q number OF
striking sayings.
Dwell, IL tho statement true
that seoundrsls often cloak their de-
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Why Justice Hughes Believes in
Russian Relief

that class hatred never can serve ss
foundation for . prosperous state.
ut 10 Of the utmost importance for
the future Of humanity that this
demonstration be as clear as possible.
We must do what we can TO encourage
the more stable elements in Russia and
allow them to feel that the other ns-
tions o. the world will support ard
befriend them. But on the other hand.
We must not do anything TO encourage
the Bolsheviki. or interfere In such q
way that they can lay their failures
10 any cause except the inherent false
ness Of their own philosophy.
The end of the Boisheviki will be
due chiefly TO an economic collapse.
This collapse is imminent Prosperity
depends upon production. In order TO
avoid poverty, and even starvation. and
TO make any social progress possible,
society must rely upon the gains OF
production. The Bolshevih cannot
meet this condition. They have, in
deed, in 4 large degree paralyzed man.
ufacturing and transportation. and this
in q country with unlimited resources.
This result Is inevitable because cspi-
tai and labor, intelligence and physical
strength, must work together or ell in
the community will suffer. The eoun-
try can no more be successfully ruled
by the so-called prole.arist alone than
it can secure happiness and prosperity
under the government Of a small privi-
legged class who exploit the worker.
There always will be those whose
lives have not been satisfactory ard
who believe that IL they themselves
could only rule the world their trou-
bles would vanish. There always will
be those who for one reason or another
wish to overturn the economic struc.-
ure Of civilized life. Il is easy to 20 10
the man VINO works with his hands and
tell him that IL he but had the power
TO rule alone. he would be richer ard
more comfortable. Some will believe
il. and will not hear the appeal 20 re4-
son. To such a man nothing will sgf-
fee 70 prove that he is wrong except
20 see with his own eyes the result ~
such a revolution. That is Why The
experiment row going on In Russia 3
so important Class warfare has been
carried 70 its extreme. and future gem
erations will have before them a pict-
ure Of desolation and suffering which
will help 20 prevent a repetition ~
such a tragedy.
"While the Bolsheviki profess %
hold the tenets Of socialism. their doe
trines are based upon class hatred.
class warfare and the elimination of
the essential bases for trained think
ing and trained leadership. The bol-
sheviki do not represent the Russian
people. believe that they are IN a
minority. ard a small minority 81 that.
because the Russian peasant has lived
for generations In ignorance, his sim
plicity and inertia have allowed q small
group 20 gain control. There must he
no hint that the other nations % the
world will recognize the Bolsheviki.
and there must be encouragement for
capable leaders among the Russian
people who are striving TO provide .
reasonable government
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
i'm Thomas Wants to Make Industry Safe for Democracy

tions is Of more than academic in
terest, because of his dominant posi-
ton in the trade union movement.
Just as labor equally has power as
result Of numbers, so equally 1t
has responsibilities and it appears to
me that these factors can only be
determined by a frank recognition
Of the facts by both sides. The only
adequate expression can be given
through the organized bodies on
both sides.
collective bargaining in our
country to-day is not only recog-
nized, but is the accepted medium Of
dealing with industrial matters, and
! cannot conceive of any other
method more adaptable to any coun-
try.
"In my judgment. collective bar
gaining is the only antidote to Boil
shevism, which is the forerunner Of
revolution. We believe that in any
civilized community and any we'll
organized state Of society the great
est power lies in an educated democ-
racy which gives expression to its
thoughts and aspirations through its
collective machinery il. the indus
trial world and by the intelligence
it displays at the ballot box.
"And in graphing with the cur
rent problems of the world, which
are more precarious than generally
anticipated, It is the duty Of the best
elements on all sides to recognize
this fact. Revolutions, If not bred,
are certainly fed by injustice and
starvation, and the economic condi-
tions of Europe to-day are such as
have all the germs of a very grave
upheaval in them. How far we will
be able to check a bloody war will
depend upon a recognition Of the
factors | have mentioned"
Mr.. Thomas is one of the idoll
Of the workingmen Of Britain. His
origin was humble and his rise was
retarded by innumerable obstacles.
"The life of ]. II. Thomas has been
outlined from his early days as a
chemists errand boy in Newport to
his election as the representative
of Derby in Parliament" j. F. Moir
Busy, his official biographer and
personal friend, says in a sketch Of
his career, thence to his rise to the
position of general secretary Of the
National Union of Railwaymen and,
onward, to a period at which he
was able to refuse a seat in the
present Cabinet-a decision taken
with rare independence and in the
belief that he would be able to serve
the working classes Zone Of whose
champions he is) much better as
an independent member Of Parlia-
ment than if trammelled by Office.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Continued from page three

greatest Americans. was It not?-
Emerson, Whittier, Bronson, Abbott,
William James, joan Fiske, Oliver
Wendell Holmes, James Russell
Lowell held it,
A-Yes, those men were Of about
the same school Of thought
Q-Were they anarchists because
they believed them7
A.-No.
The famous Biglow Papers, writ
ten during the Civil War, were re-
ferred TO. Mr.. Reeves refused to as
sumo, or allow his questioner TO as
sumo, that they were written dur
ing the Civil War, but said they
were written during the Mexican
War, that James Russell Lowell was
greatly opposed TO the war, which was
generally considered by New Eng
landers as well as by Mr.. Lowell as
brought on for the benefit Of the
slave owners In an attempt to extend
the slavery traffic; and in the Big
low Papers Mr.. Lowell assailed the
government for going into the war
Of conquest against Mexico, which,
said Professor Reeves, IL practically
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
The Trend to Labor

The labor leader was requested
to say whether he thought the next
government Of Great Britain would
be a labor government Many peo-
ple," he answered, "look with con-
fidence on the prospect that a labor
government will succeed the coali-
ton government. l would hardly
care to dogmatize about that, how
ever, inasmuch as I might be con-
sidered a BIASED witness. All / can
saw is that the signs point in that
direction.
"There seems 70 be far more ap-
prehension in this country than at
home of the probable results OF a
labor government in Great Britain.
I suppose the explanation is that the
British people know US best We
are neither bandits nor robbers, anx-
ious to confscate property and pull
down the old bases Of society. Our
party is made up Of men trained 10
face responsibilities, who recognize
that justice is an essential feature
of any political programme. No
party can exist unless actuated by
and Influenced in all its decisions by
the high moral principle Of justice
and equity to all"
The discussion then turned to The
particular phase Of the British labor
situation about which Mr.. Thomas is
most concerned. He was asked what
changes in the status Of the British
railway workers have been made
since the signing Of the arnistice,
and also to clarity the present state
Of affairs, which some weeks ago
seemed likely TO bring on a general
strike.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

chance Of blossoming forth into .
railway official with a future
which might have eliminated in the
managerial sanctum, so social po-
sition and emolument will never
tempt him from the rut Of useful
ness to the working classes.
He refused the Great Western
advances in the belief that he could
do more good TO the men in the
ranks. Money was not his ambi-
ton in life then, nor is it now when
he can find in his heart to reject
seat in the Cabinet with all the
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Emma Goldman

Emma Goldman was not over
looked. From her writings were
culled many choice paragraphs, read
10 Mr.. Reeves and his opinion asked.
Her definition Of anarchism wns IN
part as follows:
"Anarchism. philosophy Of . new
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Poets Consulted

"The United States Congress rec
ognized that war existed" said Mr..
Reeves, land by the act Of Mexico.
We did not declare war upon Mex
leo. We recognized state Of war
and entered upon It because Amer
leans had been killed by Mcxicans
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Signs, He Says, Point to Next
Government in Britain Being
aLabor Government, Sue
ceeding the Coalition

power and financial attractions
which it would bring in its train.
am so certain Of my case that
will enlist in the rather discredited
army Of (modern) prophets and de-
clare as a sure thing that whatever
sphere Of usefulness Jim Thomas
may be called upon to occupy IN
the days to come, or whatever hon
ors may be conferred upon him, his
love for his own people and his
passionate desire to improve the lot
Of the worker will be the governing
factor Of all his decisions.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06

Great Britain. And, II militarism
is to be permanently crushed and
civilization saved, a remedy for
war must be found.
"At the present time, in my SOL
emn judgment, there is no alterna-
tive to the league Of nations-not a
league Of kings, nor Of presidents,
nor Of cabinets, but a league Of free
peoples, enabled as citizens to give
expression to their sentiment and
by their common interest and duty
to humanity to preserve the peace
Of the world"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
British Labor Man Who Stands
Retween Extreme Left and Ex-
treme Right Tells Us How
1t Can Be Done

another country, nevertheless
clearly observe two broad changes
since my last visit here. First, l see
a very marked change in the gen.
uine desire on the part of employ
ers to recognize the principle of col
lective bargaining through trade
unions. In the second place, l per-
ceive Fast growing sentiment in
favor Of an independent labor party
in this country"
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Doomed

"The Bolsheviki are bound 70 fail.
Their programme is founded upon an
economic fallacy and their collapse
will be one Of the greatest benefits that
can come out Of the war II will be q
demonstration clear TO all the world
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
We Are HOnored

I Mr.. Thomas from the outset Of
the war struggled to harness the
full energy Of labor behind the war
machine Of Britain. and now, in the
wake Of military victory, the whole
nation is ready to listen attentively
to his proposals for the building OF
abetter state. For a man who has
dedicated his career to the working
cass movement Mr.. Thomas has
already made great progress, but
few who know him well believe that
he has yet attained the peak. Some
well informed people feel that the
next government of Great Britain
will be labor government. II it is,
in the opinion of one of Americas
foremost fnanciers who has been
studying the British situation in
tensively, jim Thomas will be the
next Prime Minister. He turned
down an offer to be Minister Of
Labor at a salary Of $1,000 a year
b the Lloyd George coalition Cabi-
knet, on the ground that he would be
more helpful to the people ne rep
resented as member Of the Opposi-
ton.
Mr.. Thomas was seen the other
Gay at the waldorf-Astoria Hotel.
he has been declining all invitations
to make public addresses during his
stay in this country, and was re-
solved 10 abstain from being inter-
viewed. Mr.. Thomas was, however,
prevailed upon TO give a message
from British labor 70 American
labor and from the British people
Is whole to the American people.
he declared that this statement
through The Tribune will be the
eaiy public one that he will make
while on this side Of the Atlantic
, Ocean. He will leave in few days
= for Canada.
New-York tribune., 1919-07-06
Bv Merryle Stanley Rukeyser

I'm THE worldwide shifting of
the political centre Of gravity
in recent times new figures
t.vs emerged as national leaders.
Statesmen for loyal labor have been
.,.rsuuted into powerful states
men. Particularly in Europe, where
everything seems to be in a state
:, AK. bankers and captains Of in
sustry are mingling more freely
han ever before with trade union
.mc;sls. TO whom they are looking
,or .n Interpretation Of the drift.
Men Of large vision, who by sheer
rgness were buoyed to the top Of
,hs non-revolutionary labor move
mt are to-day perhaps the great
- menace in the world-to Boil
shevim.
Such q man Is Jim Thomas, a
,.ader Of the moderate element in
the British Labor party, standing
,.+~..n the extreme Left and the
sxtreme Right. James H. Thomas is
nov IN the United States comforting
privately with makers Of public
opinion in this country. He came,
he said, purely for personal reasons,
TO visit relatives and build up his
health, which was constantly under
a strain during the years that Great
Britain faced in the field the COM
man enemy Of the world.
Omaha daily bee., 1919-05-31

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Omaha daily bee., 1919-05-31
Montana Lands.
Nebraska Lands.
l6O-ACRES-l60
At AUCTION


MONDAY. JUNE 2, 3 p. NJ.
On the above date at the EMPRESS
THEATER. CENTRAL CITY. NEBRAS-
KA, we VIII sell at public auction to
the highest bidder. regardless or price.
the following described real estate, To-
Gated four miles due west OF Central
city. Nebraska: The southwest quarter
OF Section 2. Township IS. Range T.
Merrick county. Nebraska, containing
100 acres. more or less. according to
government survey.
TERMS OF SALE: 10 per cent OF tho
purchase price cash day of sale. pur-
chaser TO assume mortgage of E.ooo
due December "a, 1921. bearing interest
at the rate of 6 per cent, payable semi
annually. Remainder Of purchase price
March l. 1890. when possession VIII be
given. Good and sufficient abstract of
title together with warranty deed DE-
nvered to purchaser on day of settle
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BUT ALL UNDER PLOW. GOOD
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For further Information. address: Ne
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NJ A. Larson, manager. Louis HOFFMAN,
GIenyille Nebraska owner.
Omaha daily bee., 1919-05-31

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machine; SIS per week. Carpenter
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Omaha daily bee., 1919-05-31
DEATH & FUNERAL NOTICES

THOMAS-pcxter L., Funeral services at
p. NJ. Sunday at All Saints Church.
Rev. Mackay officiating lnterment at
Forest Lawn.
Omaha daily bee., 1919-05-31

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