davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Our New Equipment

THE MIRROR starting with this issue, is practically
machine set and justly proud of acquisi
ton. new Model c, Intertype machine with elec-
tic melting pot was recently installed, and is now in
daily operation. The old "dress" was badly worn tut
we will now present new dress" every issue.
Many queer creep into the papers that are
machine SET these will try avoid and will also
endeavor to improve the general appearance of our
paper. We also have installed Miller Universal Saw
Trimmer and 81 inch Diamond Power Paper Cut
ter. These machines together with those already
in use makes plant very complete and upto-date.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
-. C. o M NJ e n T S =.
@rrrttttgH

THE BOARD OF CONTROL extends to the inmates
its good wishes in this Christmas season of 1919,
momentous year in which the world has been going
through readjustment, process only begun. 1t is
for the individual too, necessary to make readjust-
The great message of Christmas s after all,
the realization of the brotherhood of under the
fatherhood of God and the appreciation of what that
means. The light emanatng from the Cradle of
Bethlehem shines for men in prison as for everyone
else. 1t will help them to bear their BURDEN to look
forward with hope and faith, without which this
would be sorry world indeed. The spirit of Christ
is the spirit of goodwill of understanding, of
sympathy, of all that makes mans will strong his
heart clean and his soul courageous
CHAs. E. VAsALY, Chairman,
State Board of Control.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Intolerance

1t is a very human falling be intolerant of the
faults of others and quite frequently what cons
der faults in reality virtues only seeming be
the opposite because of the beam our eyes. 1t is
doubtful if there is universally revered charac
in history than Abraham Lincoln and is it not be-
of his magnificent capacity for forgiveness and
tolerance his great heart which suffered keeny for the
faults of others and yet did condemn them by
much as a word?
Christmas has gradually to signif-
in the lives of civilized peoples throughout the
world which conceves spirit of good will towards all
Petty eaousies dskes and all of the little
rents which make life of troubled for
many people, readily forgotten under the influence
of the Christmas spirit which is after all the Christ
like spirit.
Why not endeavor to continue little of that
Christmas and Christian spirit of forgiveness and toer
throughout the year instead of during the holi
day season? 1t is well worth the trying Life is hard
enough best and each do his bit" towards
making it better cleaner happier for himself and his
neghbor well.
Remember the command of Christ whose birthday
we celebrate "He that is without sin among you, let
him first cast a stone Good Words.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Americas First Y. M. c. A.

On December 29, 1851 the American associations
of the Young Mems Christian Association were es-
tablished at Montreal, Boston and New York. The
first association of this great organization or the pro-
motion of the spiritual intellectual physical and social
welfare of and boys throughout the world, was
founded in London in 1874 by George Williams, who
banded together group of his fellow clerks for the
purpose of holding religious services and studying of
the Bible
Within four years the movement had spread to other
business houses and quarters containing library and
reading and rest rooms where maintained in London.
Within three years after the establishment of the
first Association in America twentysix branches had
been formed in this country, and confederation Of the
United States and Canadian Associations formed
In 1855 with the establishment of the international
Committee, convention was held at Geneva, Swtzer
land which represented 329 associations and eleven
years later this same committee established headquarters
at New York City.
The early movement chiefly religious and
evangestc, the object being to suppant churches,
but to increase their membership and to the
church of the other six days of the week.
After the Geneva convention the expansion of the
work began. Among the associations in foreign fields
are those in China, Japan India, Spain and Cuba.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
CHAUTAUQUA CIRCLE

The Pieran Chautauqua Circle held its regular BIZ
weekly meeting in the school room Sunday afternoon
Dec 21st. The meeting was called to order by Pres
F. O. o., roll call showed eighteen members to be in
attendance. A few words of greeting extended
to a new member and assignment made to Glass D.
An application for membership was received and ap-
proved. Minutes of the Nov 23rd and the quarterly
meeting of Dec. 9TH read and approved after
which library books and stationery distributed by
class leaders.
Announcement made that commodous cabinet
was being made and would be ready for the much
talked about and earnestly desired new books when
they arrive Both the books and the receptacle will be
priced and appreciation shown by judicious
The usual two months of the critic having
pired Mr.. P. G. assigned to class and Mr.. NJ
G. appointed critic for the ensuing two months.
A motion was made seconded and unanimously car
red that of thanks be recorded and extended
the officials Prof Rechkitzer and members of band
the young ladies who assisted in making the final
so impressive, the president of the circle Mr. l.
c. R. and to all who were instrumental in making the
Quarterly meeting held in the auditorium, Dec 7th
such pronounced success. The secretary tried in his
unettered way express appreciation in his last
port, however, said report, like all "near" things
lacked authority and it now becomes his pleasure
herald expression of thanks from the Pier
ian Chautauqua Circle.
Glass presented two interesting papers on
their class subject, The Laws of Magnetism" Mr..
A. K. S. gave ten minute reading bountifuly inter
woven with facts, logical deductions and explanatory
clauses. Mr.. E. w. L. followed with a thoughtfully
prepared paper full of instructive data and eucdated
perpkxities Combined these papers brought the laws
of magnets and magnetism before the circle in
else and understandable manner.
Twenty minutes discussion of affairs interesting only
to active members of the circle followed by the
critics report. Mr.. G. prefxed his remarks by
ing that it was his intention be fair and impartial
as he possibly could be and still conform the duties
expected of an official critic Words of anmadverson
were promised if such necessary but preference
for constructive criticism shown by the in
which his report was made.
Class A reports preparedness for the next meeting
and Class is called upon for some black board tasks
Classes and follow in their order time permits.
AS adjournnent was declared Pres. 0. extended
Seasons Greetings"
Mr.. F. T. p, Secy.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

Peacetime regular army of 100000 men and $4,000
officers decided on by the House military sub-con-
mittee headed by Representative Anthony republican,
of Kansas, framing the army reorganization bill. The
number of combat troops was fixed at 100000.
The subcommittee proposal would leave it to the
President to divide the forces into infantry cavalry
and artillery units at his discretion.
The provision for $4,000 officers, many more than
needed for army of 100000 men, framed in
der give $500 900 as instructors for the
National Guard and reserve officers training corps
units. Both the guard and the training corps would
be greatly enlarged under the committees pan only
800 officers now are needed as instructors
The mirror., 1919-12-25
@ q e RE s
NOTICE TO INMATES

and see the
pounity Of self education
through good
education Night Schools need helpful
ton connection with their departments will here
welcome
with the
kind Miss Miriam Of Institutional
Libraries will gladly endeavor the information
NoTcEn order regulate the conduct of this column
inmates sign their name register number and lock
ber all queries submitted for publication Inmates name
of course, will be published, only the initials of each
querst being used.-Editor.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

St. Paul. Mimi, Dec. IS, 1919.
Officers and Employees,
Minnesota State Prison.
Dear Friends: -
We wish to thank you for the kindness
shown us in the loss of beloved husband and father
and for the beautiful flowers.
Mrs. HENRY WoLFER
HARRY ]. WoLFER.
FRANK G. WoLFER
CHAS r. WOLFER.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

Notice ce-Contributions submitted to the Mirror
for publication must be absolutely originals # not
original. PROPER credit must be gwen if known: if
writer name is not known it should be SO speci-
fed by said contributor. Should contributor fail
to comply with this request he will henceforth be
dropped from the Mirrors contributing staff.
Editor.
Approved by Warden
The mirror., 1919-12-25

from year to year, had their origin in ancient
heather rites As far back as history takes u.s. the early
held mdwinter Festival in honor of the Sun,
the emblem of heat light and fertility, which was,
that PERIOD nearest the earth. Everything that
done at this religious symbol, or was
tended for charm to bring prosperity, fertility and in
crease during the coming year. Temples and houses
garlanded with green boughs logs kindled, can
dies lighted, animals sacrificed, and grain from
the last years harvest laid the ground and in
the of the fowls and crumbs scattered over
the fields.
As Christianity spread throughout Europe, and mis-
sionares found impossible crush deepy-rooted
observances, these old pagan customs were gradually
changed and sanctfed by the Christian Church into
the festival we know today
The holly which in our minds is synonymous with
Christmas, was sacred plant; and mstletoe, mys-
terous plant supposed have great powers of healing
and preventing misfortune, was so sacred to the
Druids that it was never allowed touch the ground
hence the modern superstition that it unlucky for
the mistletoe bough spray fall from its place. 1t
was dedicated to the Goddess of Love, and un-
doubtedly from that fact came the idea of kissing
der the mistletoe bough.
The origin of the Christmas tree is obscure; the
thought of Christ the Light of the World and the
Tree of Life may have given rise the ght-bearng
tree, the popular old belief that every Christmas
Eve, bossomed and bore fruit may have been the
foundation of the CUSTOM
Giftgivng is, of course echo of the story of the
Wise Mems gifts the mince pie, turkey and plum pud
dngs modern relics of the pagan feasts and San
ia Claus known in form every child in every
land on this old world of ours, is the personfcation
of the spirit of loving and giving.-Seleeted.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Notice to Inmates

WAR SAVING or THRIFT STAMPS can
be purchased each month by all who
so desire. You must notify your officer
not later than the goth of the month
if you wish to purchase stamps during
that month.
c. S. REED,
Warden.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Christmas Day

The anniversary of the birth of the Saviour, which
for centuries we have celebrated with feasting and
frockng, gifts and garlands. The Christmas season
lasts from the 18th of December to the 9th of January
the Twelfth Day after Christ's Nativity, which
is also known as Epiphany.
Many of the customs that we follow at Christmas
The mirror., 1919-12-25
NOTICE TO INMATES:

friends free of charge To do this should write own
register number and the OF
wish to send the TO- and hand same desire
each additional will be charged
Of delivered to your cell each
should be folded
it. placing the foot of bd the morning follow
ng day which it is delivered to cell.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
When Jesus Was Born

While we reflect of the momentous significance at
tached to the days celebration-the birth of Jesus
in the lowy manger in Bethlehem, let for the mo-
ment bow our heads in prayer Almighty God asking
The mirror., 1919-12-25
CHURCH NOTICE.

CHURCH NOTICE.
Services in the Prison Chapel at nine clock Sum
day morning. Protestant and Catholic service alternate
Sunday Rev. c. E. Benson and Rev. Fr Corcoran. Chap
lains.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

MoTcE-A inmates Column and desiring
invited splendid
library be had The
their information
subjects Consult Useful
Biography Science divisions library
The mirror., 1919-12-25

MaRoR weekly published in the Mnnesota State
founded and edited
managed by them aims to be home to
the public with the the
the bar sinister fallen mans selfredempon
The mirror., 1919-12-25
"Poor men, when Yule is cold,
Must be content to sit by little fires"

A:-Ths is known. The Jews were exact in
recording such things and took the pains date
down at time Though celebrate Dec Is Christ's
birthday the recognition of this date goes back only the
fourth century, Authorities have made deep investgat
and scarcely agree subject Smiths Bible Dictionary
says Though the Christian is dated from his birth,
modern chronoogss insist upon date for the
least four years earlier-that about four B. c.
Some say B. C. six" Again says "The date of birth of
Jesus and month and day have been Of much debate
without any definite settlement Various opinions have
ranged through four years of time and have suggested nearly
every month in the year. Tischendorf and Weseler say
Jesus could hardly have been born before 1st of January in
year $50 A. u c. afte founding of Rome and they sug
gest February latest probable date Gresswe says April
in year $50 A. U. c. nearly four years B. c. Robin
suppoes could have been later than of A.
u c. 749, while it may have occurred years
earlier Lardner fixes time about middle of August mid
die of November, A. u c. 74S 749 Wner, Ideer and
others say 747 Wordsworth says spring of 749 B. c.
Clement of Alexandria says placed day April 20
and others May TO-"
o-Pease tell the pronunciation of the word
~l A:-coet-y, accent on syllable.
O:-What occasionedk leodore O'Hara to write his
famous poem "The Bivouac of the Dead?"-E. M. S.
A.-OHara wrote this poem the occasion of the
moval of the bodies of Kentucky soldiers from the field of
battle OF Buena VISTA Mexico their state
native of Kentucky and served in the army during the
war with Mexico.
OILS fact that great writers often poor takers?
III. H. a
A:-There is much evidence prove that the of
writing well and talking well akin "He like
angel and talked like poor poll" the manner in
which Oliver Goldsmith described by of his
temporares But Goldsmith far from being the only
writer of who made sorry figure conversaonist
Other renowned writers but takers Corneie Ad
dison Milton and Dante.
Q:-How is wood charcoal made?-H. S.
Add fashioned way is pile wood in heap,
with earth sand and then fire opening left
bottom of pile small openings being made for escape of
gases Combustion is held in check by gradually closing
lower opening fire progresses Charcoal is usually made
now in closed old fashioned way wasefu
Several valuable byproducs recovered where
used including wood alcohol acetc acid, tar oils
Q-Pease give short biographical sketch of Chinese
Gordon?-D. D.
A:-Charles G. Gordon, called "Chinese" Gordon and
Gordon Pasha," born in Woolwich England, 1888.
He entered army and served in Crimea 1886 Crushed
Taepng rebellion in China by specially trained corps of
Chinese Was governor of Sudan under khedve 1S747o.
Murdered while holding Khartum against inurgen mahdi
in 1885.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

MIRROR will publish
queries de-
string Il contribute solutions invited o dos
O:-Who the farm which Lincoln was bornl
w. S.
The mirror., 1919-12-25

''Mdy all the Joy and Happiness Z
of the Season be with you, and not !
only then, but dfter7pdrd.
\ The Mirror. !
The mirror., 1919-12-25

Q:-Who are the principal mlionaires in America
H. l..
A:-Among most prominent present j. D. Rookie
feller, P Morgan. Cornelius Vanderbilt, F. w. Vanderbilt
and Henry Ford. Late Andrew Carnegie ranked second
weathiest in country.
O-How many soldiers buried in the National Gem
eery at Fredrckbhg Va Are the bodies buried there those
of Union soldiers Are any Confederate troops buried the
cemetery?-E. j. M.
A-There is large Federal cemetery the top of
Marys heights the spot where the Confederate artillery
massed, Fredericksburg while off left the
foot of the slope in large grave yard sleep $4,000 confed
who fell here There other close BY all
filled with the remains of those who fell in the battles in and
around town-Encyclopedia Britannica
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Card of Thanks

St. Paul, Mimi, Dec. IS, 1919.
The mirror., 1919-12-25
Q:-What is the origin of Yuletide s-S. M.


A:-Yue had its origin in the Anglo-Saxon word Gal,
meaning merry geo Anglo-Saxon for December. The
word be used "cry" as ''Noe" sgnfying
birth cry Nativity. The old Yule undoubtedly lent its
cooring the old English Christmas and attr
butte large share of the festive character of the of
keeping the Nativity of Lord Our correspondent will
remember Tennysons Merry Merry Bells of Yue and his
couplet:
"Poor men, when Yue is cold,
Must he Sit hu littleG GresO
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-11-25

degecho adquirir, evitando en- ell fu-
turo nuevas guerras otras luchas CO.
mo consecuencia de la que ha surgi-
do actualmente. Este ha sido uno de
los fines del tratado actual. Alema
MIA en- ell 20 creyo haber obtenido una
gran victoria contra Francia, todos
sabemos que aquella guerra 10 que en-
gendro fue un odio que estuvo latente
por mas de cuarenta amos hasta que
por I'm lego la 'revancha'' Francia,
la mimada del mundo, vivira eterna-
mente en- ell corazon dc la humanidad.
Ella Sc ha granjeado ell amor de aque-
Hos seres que saben apreciar los sa-
crifcios y que saben admirar las epo-
peyaS de un pueblo en- todos su or
denes, y Francia tendra Ell Estados
Unidos a la he-mana que lie tendera
su mano para ayudarla en- todas sus
crisis en- todas sus desventuras Y
todo este es mas, que 10 que mate
rialmente hubiera podido alcanzar apro
piandose algunas millas mas de terre-
no.
En- cuanto los resultados que crea
la no aprobacion del Tratado por par.
te del Senado de -Estados Unidos, Ell
mas Immediate es ell economico. Todas
las naciones de Europa podran inme-
diatamente entrar EN- negociaciones CO.
me: ciales con Alrmania, Y en- este res
pscto los Estados Unidos estan ex-
puestos a perder mercados muy impor-
tantes y hasta quedar stpeditados a
otras naciones principalmente en- 10 que
a tinturas colores Sc refere, pues
va es sabido que Inglaterra Francia
tratan de acaparar este mercado al OBJ
jeto de suriir al mundo del mismo.
Julio Lopez.
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-11-25
TICKLER
GoBIERNO DE PUERTO RICO.
DEPARTAMENTo DEL INTERIOR
DIVISION DE EDIFICIoS PUBLICoS
San Juan, P r. noviembre 3, 1919
SUBASTA

San Juan, P r. noviembre 3, 1919
SUBASTA
PROPOSICIoNEs bajo pliegos ce-
rrados para ell suministro de todo Ell ma
terial y mano de obra necesar;o para la
completa construction de un edifcio pa
ra Alta Escnela en- la Parada 21. San
turce, P. r., Sc recibiran en- esta oficina
hasa las dos de la tarde (2:0O P. NJ
del dia nueve de diciembre de 1919, en-
cuya fecha hora Sc abriran publica-
mente.
Los contratistas interesados en- dicha
obra podran obtener copias del proyec.
to Ell esta ofcina mediante un dep6si. o
de CINCUENTA DoLARES (S50oO)
para garantizar la devoMcion de las
mismas.
La administration Sc reserva ell de-
recho de rechazar cualquiera Y todas
!as- proposiciones, asi como adjudicar
el contrato sobre otras consideraciones
que las de precio solamente.
Guillermo ESTEvES.
Comis.onado. Advt
El Mundo. [volume] (San Juan, P.R.) 1919-1990, 1919-11-25

ellos, es decir, para aQuellos que Gre
yendose fusrtes hubieran querido aDu.
sar de los debiles robandoles sus ri
quezas, terrenos, y todo cuanto de san
to honroso tiene nm hombre en- este
mundo. Ejemplo: Polonia, cuando fu6
rapartida entire Russia, Alemania Aus
tria. Serbia, cuando la Bosnia Il
Herzegovina fue robada por los aus
triacos, Y asi podriamos 'saguir ci.an-
do ejemplos.
FL asunto es uno. 81 Estados Uni
dos son los champions de la HUI
manidad mundial, es nrcesario que es-
ten dispuestos al sacrifcio que impo
ne tai conc pto No es possible Qu' pue-
da existir una cosa sin la otra, en-
tai vir,ud. los Estados Un:dos no pue
den rHnunciar intervenir, aunqua no
sea NADIA. mas que EN- forma concilia-
dora, en- los asuntos de Europa Y de!
resto del mundo. No importa que los
Estados Unidos no obssngan ganan-
CHS por su intervention; pro, 81 in
vocamos la question de Humankind,
los Estados Unidos Sc vcran EN- Ia
neccsidad de coadyuvar junto con las
demas naciones del mnndo, para ase-
gurar la paz mundial
Dice Ell senor Coll Y Cuchi que Es-
tsdos sUnidos Sc sentaran en- la mesa
del tapete verde con un simple voto
GY por que con mas votos, senior Coll?
Hay alguna nacion que tenga mas pri-
vilegios? Seguramente que ell senior
Coll argiiira Porque Inglaterra lie
han concedido votos y sitio alredor dc
Ia mesa del tapete verde mnncion do
sus posesiones de Australia, Nueva
Zelandia, Canada, etc. Pues bin, to-
do este es muy justo. 1nglaterra Ia
bajo su INFLUENZA, NADIA mas, 4
los paises que acabamos de mencio-
mar, ha obtenido votos para ellos. El
publico debe saber que los paises men
cionados son tan ibres, quizas mas
que la misIna Cuba Ellos hac~n SUI
tratados, tienen sus ejercitos y mari.
ma, no tienen que dar cucnta de clio
a la madre patria. Son paises real
mente Independence, situados en- las
iistintas parties del mundo, con intere-
ses niuy encontrados representando mu
chos millonss de habitsntes NADIA
mas natural que clos sean los verda-
deros representatives de sus propios con
tinentes. Dcspues de todo. Ique efec-
70 causan csos votos? Absolutamente
ninguno. Lo misino da que alredor del
tapete verde Sc sienten treinta que
cuarenta. JSabeis por que? S"ncilla-
mente, porque los acuerdos han de ser
aprobados por UNANIMIDAD y no
por mayoria, en- consecuencia, NADIA
podrian hacer los ingleses Y todas sus
colonias 81 los Estados Unidos dicon
que no apriieban cualquier asunto que
ellos propongan.
Francia no ha quedado tan NAL
trecha como consecusncia del tratado.
Ha adQuirido 10 que justamente t"n.a