davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-07-21
NO BABES UNDER 2 IN.
PARTS OF RUMANIA.
Children Died Fast Because of
Lack Of Milk, Red Cross
Worker Says.
AID Is SHOWING RESULTS
Boy Agen II, Naked, Plough
ing Through Snow, One Of
Wars Effects Seen.

There are no children under two years
OF age in many parts of Rumania, ac-
cording to Miss Elisabeth Giblln, first to
reach the United States Of the Red Cross
party which was sent to the Balkans last
winter. Infant mortality was so high.
Miss Giblin said at the McAlpin Hotel
yesterday, that the Red Cross workers
visited village after village where deaths
had occurred of all children OF the age
absolutely dependent upon milk.
Their elders, however. have come
through the horrors Of the last three
years with remarkable display of
spirit, and with the start which the Red
Cross has given them in the way of
food and clothes they are already at
work rehabilitating the country and de-
veloping the great resources of the new
territories of Transylvania and Buko-
wina-
Miss Giblin had exceptional opportuni-
ties for observing conditions In the Bal
kans. She was taken from important
work in the personnel bureau Of the Red
Cross in Paris last winter. went direct
from Toulon to Athens, Constantinople.
up the Black Sea. the Danube, across
country to Bucharest and home through
Bessarabia, Pennsylvania and Hungary.
At Bucharest she had charge OF the re-
ports from the Red Cross field agents in
addition to seeing much OF their work at
first hand. She wears the personal deco
ration of Queen Marie Of Rumania, with
whom her social and official duties
brought her in close contact, and she Is
warm In her praise OF the beauty. charm
and devotion of the Queen, who is abe Ut
to visit the United States.
Bolshevism will never get grip In
Rumania. Miss Giblin believes. She has
an admiration for the handsome, strong
and industrious peasants little less than
her admiration for their Queen. Land
has been democratized, petroleum, Ru-
mania's great export item, is ready to
ship, the peasants are back on the land
and the next crop should be sufficient 70
stabilize Rumanla exchange.
Find Appalling Conditions.
When the Red Cross arrived in Ru-
mania last winter, however, the condl-
ton was anything but hopeful. Their,
ship put into Constanzia. on the Black
Sea. Everything had been destroyed
by the German bombardment OF that
port only hundred or SO Of the for
mer population Of $4,000 remained in
the city, and no facilities existed for
| transport into the interior because the
| great bridge across the Danube at Car
| dow had been blown UP in the heroic
Rumanian retreat. The Red Cross ship
was obliged to await the thawing OF the
Danube. She then ran UP to Galatz and
sent her cargo on the first trains which
ran through to Bucharest.
Every place on the train was re-
served" said Miss Giblin, land the
The sun., 1919-07-21
WOMAN BROWNS AT RESORT.
Victim Believed TO Have Been
New York Resident.

ATLANTIC CITY. N. j.. July 2o.-The
body Of a woman believed to be g.
Katherine PriZer Of New York, that
name and city being written IN ink
inside each of her shoes, was found
floating to-day in the channel near the
old oasis Hotel, two miles from the In
let, by a yachting party.
The woman was apparently about so
years old. She was 5 feet 2 inches tall
and weighed 1876 pounds. She had
brown hair tinged with gray. She was
clothed In a black skirt and white waist.
The condition of her finger nails. badly
bitten, indicated that she had been under
some nervous strain and she is thought
to have waded into the surf or leaped
from a pier.
The body had been in the water about
twelve hours. The New York police
have been asked to aid in her identifica-
ton.
The sun., 1919-07-21
WILL HEAD BOSTON COLLEGE.
Father DevIin Chosen to Succeed
the Rev. C. w, Lyons.
bpectdI UeSpdIcN 70 The SuN.


BOSTON,, July 20.-The Rev. William
Devlin. s. j.. has been chosen president
OF Boston College. 1t is announced to-
day. He succeeds the Rev Charles w
Lyons, S. j., who has served as presi-
dent the last five and one-half years.
The Rev. William Devlin has been
dean OF Boston College eleven years
He is about As years old. The Rev.
John J. Geoghan is named as the new
principal Of Boston College High School.
Father Lyons also had been serving In
this capacity. -----------.- r
The sun., 1919-07-21
BANK CLOSED IN CHARLESTON.
Alleged in Day and
Night Institution.

CHARLESTON. W. Va. July 20.-The
Day and Night Bank OF Charleston
has been ordered closed by James S.
Hill, State Banking Commissioner, ac-
cording to an official statement issued
here to-day.
Mr.. Hill said that loans OF insult
fiicient security and other gross ir-
regiiarities'' of former officials had
caused him TO issue the closing order
The former officials named are B. P.
Cared. president, and J. F. Hudson,
cashier. Deposits are thought to APP
proximate $1,000, 900.
The sun., 1919-07-21
HIGHER WAGE ENDS
BOSTON CAR STRIKE
Elevated Men Get Day Of 8
Hours at Maximum Rate
of So 1-2 to 81 Cents.
RETURN TO WORK TO-DAY
Conditions Now Excel Those
on Other Systems-10 Cent
Fare Is Defended.

BOSTON, July 2o.--Union carmen who
are employed on the Boston Elevated
Railway system voted unanimously at
a mass meeting on the Common late to-
day to accept the award made by the
local board of arbitration and return to
work at 4 o'clock tomorrow morning.
They have been on strike since Thurs
day morning. ...
The award hrovides for an eight hour
day and increases OF pay UP TO 90 cents
an hour. retroactive to May 1. 1t was
agreed upon at conferences which occu-
pied the entire day and was announced
to the striking carmen by Henry b.
Endicott of the board of arbitration.
His associates were James II. Vahey,
counsel for the Garments Union. and
NJ. Ware Barnum, counsel for the COM
pany.
Union officials stated that the award
gives the Boston carmen the best condi-
tons OF any OF like employment in the
United States and said that they were
the first carmen in America to get the
eight hour day. The men have been re-
ceiving IS cents and had asked for 731a
cents an nour.
New Schedule OF Wages.
The maximum wage awards were
granted to men who have been in the
employ OF the company for at least one
year as follows: Motor1nen and con-
ductors on surface cars, so cents an
hour Rapid Transit motornen. SO cents
an hour; Rapid Transit guards, 55 u
cents and Rapid Transit brakemen, 535
cents an hour.
More than 5000 gathered about the
band stand to hear Mr.. Fndicott read
the awards, Matthew Higgins, presi-
dent OF the union. who preceded Mr..
Endicott. said he considered that the
award gave to the Boston carmen the
best wages and working conditions
of any street transportation workers
in America.
Mr. Barnum. general counsel for the
company. told the men that the trustees
favored an eight hour day He said
they were entitled to 1t. as the Legisla-
ture had voted an eight hour day for
employees of the Commonwealth and the
elevated was under public control. He
asked for their cooperation.
The sun., 1919-07-21
BERLIN STRIKE FIGHT LIKELY.
Noske Puts Ban on Meeting Places
Essen Men Walk Out.

BERLIN. July 20.-Minister of De-
fence Noske has forbidden the use OF
the Lustgarten and Schloss Platz for
open air meetings Tomorrow. There
fore bioodshed is probable in connection
with the threatened strike. The situa-
ton. however, is not clear. the major
tiles insisting that there will be no
strike. But the electrical workers al
ready have decided TO go on strike from
o'clock In the morning to S o'clock at
night,
At Halle the workers have decided to
strike, and at Essen a strike has al
ready begun.
The sun., 1919-07-21

under existing, conditions. with the in
creased cost OF everything in the way
Of material and the necessary advance
In wages by reason OF the increased
cost Of living. to expect to be trans
ported for any less than the present
amount Of fare"
The sun., 1919-07-21
Ten Cent Fare Is Defended.

Before reading the award Mr.. Endi-
colt made a statement defending the
trustees of the elevated for putting a
10 cent fare into effect. This also was
signed by Mr.. Valley.
THE criticism of the trustees of the
Boston elevated the statement said,
"for putting into effect a ten cent fare
in our opinion is entirely unwarranted
and untusttied. and .we do not believe
that the riding public has any right
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
Real Explanation
Of Europe's Anarchy

Here lies the real explanation of
that European anarchy which is
daily becoming more serious. The
Paris conference, under Mr.. Viii
sons impulsion, has undertaken to
provide the world with an IDEAL So
luton Of its vexed international dis.
putes. 1t has drawn new frontiers
all over Central and Eastern Eu-
rope, not to speak Of Western Asia,
1t has told the several ambitious
smaller peoples what they may have
and what they may not take; it
has told Hungary, Bulgaria, Tur-
key to prepare themselves for some
thing approaching political execu-
ton.
1t has told Poland and Rumania,
the two Slav states Of Mitteleuropa,
what they may gain and what they
may not annex. 1t has taken Ger
mans and Slavs from the old Aus
trian state and given them to the
italians; it has bestowed Albanians
in Europe and Turks in Asia upon
the Savoy monarchy, and at the
same moment it has refused to
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
France Even Curbed
Ev Peace Conference

On the other hand, Italy, Rumania
and Czecho- Slovakia found the Paris
conference setting its face against
claims of theirs, while ever France
was biden to abandon all aspirations
for military occupation Of the
Rhine frontier. Now, granted that
every limitation placed upon national
claims was warranted, it was not
less un:nistakable that no limitation
was suf .ciently considerable to
satisfy the German, Austrian, Hun
garian or Turkish people or govern
ment.
Mr.. Wilson assumed that if there
We're taken from Germany only the
provinces inhabited by people who
desired to be free, there would be
NO permanent German hostility. The
fact, Of course, was that by taking
Polish provinces the Allies de-
stroyed the solidarity Of German
territory and aroused q German re-
sentiment quite as intense as the
German seizure Of Alsace-L Lorraine
had excited, while Hungary, on her
part, faced with the loss of two
thirds Of her kingdom, was not
reconciled because there were left
TO her lands which her neighbors
also coveted, lands whose area was
relatively small compared with that
of the lands actually taken.
In so far as Germany was con-
ccrned, Allied armies on the Rhine
and Allied fleets in the North Sea
were ready to enforce the decisions
of Paris; moreover. Franco and
Britain, even America, were sufli-
ciently concerned to be ready 10
use men and ships to complete the
German phase of the war by final
campaign if Germany refused to
bow to the Paris decision. But what
nation was ready 70 send it's sons
to hungary to keep its troops per-
manently in Fiumc, Budapest or
Warsaw TO aid or restrain national
ambitions in smaller nations?
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
Crisis Is Growing
Graver Eaci, Hour

But the crisis in the world to-
day, growing graver each hour,
arises out of the fact that the Paris
conference has undertaken 10 issue
orders 1t cannot enforce and to
make arrangements affecting the
lives and the liberties of millions
of people, which arc so repugnant
to these millions that they will yield
only to arms. Confronted with this
obvious fact, the Paris conference
has fallen into state of paralysis,
while Middle and Eastern Europe
are progressing day By day toward
general anarchy.
In this situation, what can the
league Of nations do? 1t can remor-
strate, 1t can resort to the usual
statement Of the case which reveals
that It's decrecs are bottomed upon
justice and conceived in spirit of
lofty morality. But what difference
does this make to the Hungarian,
who sees AN empire a thousand
years old reduced to the state of a
minor principality, without coast,
frontiers, barriers against jealous
neighbors, deprived not alone OF
territories of vast extent, vital to
its industrial existence, but also of
all the things which ara essential to
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
oh s4eVists Expected
io Io4- Menn Terms

V"s tie reief Of those respon-
L, fer tie Go'shevistic regime in
l-.g ,aae The Western allies.
is.e '.th revolution in Germany,
wa.ca al least resembled Bolshe-
'a, sroutei by The ever insol-
ab'e Rus Ian problem, when they
found ,nat one more statelhad gone
over to this madness, which was
pre.!cared upon IDEAS fatal 10 the
whole Western theory Of life and
Government. would modify their
terms as to hungary, ard, having
obtained these notifications, Hun
gary expected to resume sanity.
That this was not a wholly stupid
gamble the events after Bella Kun
replaced Karolyi plainly demon
s.rated. The Allied statesmen in
Paris were maaifestly panic-stricken,
the whole course and progress Of
The conference were affected, but
while this panic was in progress it
Was not toward q modification Of the
terms with Hungary that the Allied
diplomats turned, but rather toward
softenlng Of the conditions so far
as Germany was concerned.
The truth was that TO substantial
modification of the terms affecting
hungary was possible, for the very
Simple reason that the states which
IN the Allied scheme of things were
to occupy Hungarian lands, the
Rumanians, the Jugo Slays and the
1Aecho-Slovaks, already were in oc-
cupation Of The larger fraction Of
what they rightfully claimed, and
the real choice was between possible
hostility with a Bolshevist Hungary
and certain fighting with the Ruma-
mans, Serbs, and even the Czecho-
Slovaks.
by contrast the Allies lacked the
COURAGE 70 face the situation from
the practical side. The three states
|Ro were 20 receive large portions
oi the hungarian estate were ready
TO hEat 'fe Nungarians; they we're
prepared 20 send their troops against
heia Aun and at one time enforce
'ner own national claims and de-
s'roy the Bolshevist menace in Hun
gary The difficulty lay in the OBJ
V'oNs certainty that if they did this
sae three states infallibly would en-
force their extreme claims, and this
would create new cause for trouble
IN Central Europe.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
Whole Conception of League of Nations
Is Breaking Down Abroad i'm the Face
of National and Racial Rivalries That
Will Yield Only to Force

neighbors. They have insured Mag
var hostility by the frontiers which
they have agreed to recognize for
Rumania. Czecho- Slovakia and Jugo-
Slavia; but they have at the same
time reused the hostility of these
three peoples by refusing them the
permission alike to crush Bolshe-
vistic Hungary and to occupy other
lands which they also claim as right
fully theirs.
We touch here upon one of the
main weaknesses of the whole theory
on which the peace settlement has
been based. Under the impulsion of
Mr.. Wilson, whose nation by reason
Of its remoteness is not concerned by
any European circumstances, the
Paris conference undertook to make
a peace based upon moral rather
than material considerations; that is
to say, what was aimed at was an
ideal arrangement which would
recognize the rights Of all and do
violence to the just claims of no
peoples, either enemy or friendly.
But this formula was based upon
the conception that all peoples would
accept such an arrangement freely.
Nothing could he further from the
fact. No people were prepared to
give up anything that had been
theirs, no matter how immoral their
possession actually was. Moreover,
The Western powers, the great pow
ers, forced Mr.. Wilson to agree to
notifications Of the rules which he
had laid down, notifications which
were on the whole moderate, but not
less unmistakable Thus France ac-
Quired a hazy sort of title in the
Sarrc Valley, Britain added to her
ea pirc more territory at Germany's
expense than any great war had
ever brought TO her
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
aris Conference
Is Losing Authority

Now, this means only one thing.
1t means that the Paris Conference
has lost or is losing that authority
which enabled it to undertake its
task Of reorgarizins the world The
Pole, the Rulnanian. the Hungarian
and the Russian-all the nations and
peoples to whom the Paris Confer
enee has undertaken to issue DEGREES
and for whom it has sought to re-
organize frontiers and conditions
perceive plainly that words, and only
words, can issue from Paris
To me it seems pain that what
aas happened in Europe is the repe-
tition Of the familiar story Of the
zen who Matched the ducslings.
Ire Paris Conference, like that eX-
cellent but deluded foster parent, is
now standing by the watcrsidc look
'ng on with amazement and horror
as its children disport themselves in
the water. The idea that new ma
sions could be created destitute Of
precisely those aspirations, am
billions, national emotions which ex-
plain all the wars of human history
was N itself praposterous.
Finally, all the Central European
problems are only minor; the real
question is Russia Therefore, if the
Allies can only agree to send armies,
say 8 half q million men apiece,
from Britain, France and the United
States. we shall soon settle with Bol-
shevism, and perhaps in decade or
two Russia vii! arrive at some form
Of seligovernment which will enable
Us to do away with foreign garri-
sons in the Slav state Moreover, if
we should collectively do this we
should at cnce vindicate the prestige
and authority Of the Paris con-
ference
do not mean to suggest that !
am proposing seriously that armies
be sent to these places or that be-
lleve the American or anv other
people will incur billions Of debt
and at least thousands Of casualties
to enforce the DEGREES Of the Paris
conference in matters not directly
affecting the life and liberties of
its own nationals. What | do mean
to say is shat by doing this, and
only by doing this, can the Paris
conference enforce its arrangements
upon any other people, big or little.
because it was prepared to do this
II the case Of Germany. because
7he several Allied peoples were pre-
pared for such a course. German
surrender to the treaty Of Versailles
WIS insured, and as long as the
force remains the compliance will
continue.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
More for Poertner
Gets New Jersey Territory
for National Cars

Having recently taken over the dis
tribution for Scripps- Booth cars for
the greater part OF. New Jersey, the
poertner Motor Car Company, through
its pres dent, William c. Pocrtner, an
nounoes that his company has now ex-
panded its territory for the sale Of
National cars in this section.
The new territory embraces prac-
cally the entire northern section Of
the neighboring state. Heretofore the
Poertnev company represented the Ma
tlonal in only limited section OF New
Jersey, but because of the popularity
OF the car The National Motor Car &
Nch Gle Corporation. Of Indianapolis,
has granted the Poertner company
Mlder distribution area.
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
VI o:'!d Peace Rests
On Two Principles

IN any international association
10 preserve world peace the funda-
mental basis must be one Of two
'Hlngs, either q worldwide mutual
ana equal recognition alike Of GER
tam essential principles and of a
Willingness 10 permit the interna-
'lcn&l association to enforce those
principles, however Instantaneous
10 the interests and even the rights
OF any nation or people, or else a
central police force organized for
action and at the service Of the in
ternational association to enforce
its decisions. Nou must, in other
words. have 4 United States OF a
Superstatc.
But at present you have neither.
The conference at Paris, speaking
Tor the league Of nations, finds it's
decisions detied by score of states.
No people is prepared to sacrifice its
own interpretation OF its rights and
vital needs on the altar Of common
good while, on the other hand, there
Is no police force available or likely
to become available to compel it to
Go this. More than this, what really
exists 1T the present time is not a
league cf nations, but an alliance to
compel Germany to comply with the
peace terms VIC have imposed. an
alliance between France, Great
Britain and the United States. bat
even this restricted. league seems
destined to lose all Of its power if
the United States shall refuse to con
firm M. Wilson's promise to come tc
The aid OF France if Germany at
tacks her to escape from compliance
With the terms Of the treaty. And
this is nothing more or less than an
invitation to Germany to do just this
and warning to France to take
these precautions against such Ger
man attack which must necessarily
make The attack itself even more
inevitable, even if temporarily post
poned.
1t is this situation in the world
that gives to the battle now raging
IN the United States Senate a Ger
tain grotesque appearance The
whole conception of a league CT
nations is breaking down in Eu-
rope in the face Of national and
racial rivalries which will yield
only to force precisely at the
hour when in Washington the
debate over the league is reaching an
unprecedented violence Of words and
an unmeasured extent of prophecy
Thus the obvious possibility is that
before the Washington battle is over
the league Of nations, the occasion
of the battle, will be as dead as the
Holy Alliance of unblessed memory
| Copyright. 1ala. by Mcclura Newspaper
b Syndtcatei
New-York tribune., 1919-08-10
By Frank II. Sinonds

wv THILE the Senate of the
N(N/ United States has been
' engaged in the prelimi-
nary phases Of struggle
over the ratification of the Treaty
of Versailles and American public
attention has been concentrated upon
the domestic political situation, con-
ditions in Europe have been becom-
ing worse so rapidly that it is hardly
an exaggcration to say that a new
and grave world crisis is at hand.
The Hungarian episode supplies a
characteristic example Of the break
down of precisely that machinery
which was designed to restore peace,
while the Russian revolution con-
tinues to disclose the absolute in
capacity Of that group of statesmen
and that association of nations which
have undertaken to direct world af-
fairs.
To glance for a moment at the
Hungarian affair is TO see at once
the chief difficulty which underlies
all else. When Hungary went Boil
shevist the reason was not disguised.
There was nothing spontaneous. 1t
was the immediate result Of domestic
conditions. 1t was not like the Rus
sian madness, the consequence Of
the collapse Of the machinery of
government, together with the break
down Of all national Consciousness
and unity Of the patriotic as well as
the Orderly sense of q people.
Tie Bo.shevism Of Hungary, at
tie outset was the Deliberate. if
Desperate, attempt If those who con
ro'eI MAGYAR affairs, and they
were still. the representatives Of the
eaPita. 'zt.e fraction Of tho popula-
sion. to b.acilmail the Western pow
rs into Il modification Of those ar
mistiee tefm7 va.ch foreshadowed
lie rst.-ioa IF the non-Nagyar
iards IF the Hungarian Kingdom
aas, ., se.eral races which dwelt