davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-04-21
CHILE WANTS COAL
AND IRON SUPPLIES
Howard c. Matlack Explains
Plans for Development Of
Nations Industries.

Chile as enc q: the most important
nations. both industrially and CONNER
cially. In the Western Hemisphere. with
the United States dominating the bust
ness field, Is the attractive picture OF
the future Of American foreign business
relations with South america forecast
by Howard g. Matlack, vice-president
Of the Matlack coal and Iron Corpora
Ton. Already the evidences of the re-
birth Of Chile as an important factor
IN international commerce are display
ing Themselves. and active interest is
being shown by the Chilean Government
and the business and financial interests
generally. Measures are being taken TO
foster better UNDERESTIMATE and closer
business rela tlons with the United states
and development woTl; is now being
carried on apnce. In this regard III"
presence of the Chilean Commission in
the United states is deeply sign ticant.
Business men of the country who fail
to sre the advantages of developing COM
merCial relations with chile at this time
are overlooking one Of their greatest
opportunities for future trade" he said.
I'm addition to being one of the richest
~ w undeveloprd countries OF the
Western Hemisphere in point OF natural
NfSptiNF boAI lllf Government ana the
representative Chilean business men ara
deeply interested in promoting business
relations with the United States,
AT present the greatest need In chile
is development of her industrial re-
sources. American capitaD vmsIn-erlng
skill and ingenuity applied to Chile's
industries will find rich rewards in the
future.
AS these developments progress the
opportunities for American business IN
Chilean markets are manifold cspe-
cially in certain lines While one OF the
richest countries in the world miner
ally. Chile has hut few coal mines and
those are but slightly developed. The
new industries require coal for fuel.
Before the war much OF this product
was imported from England. With the
declaration of hostilities and the closing
OF the British source Of supply america
came into r"r own, Although ENGLAND
made gallant attempt " retain her
The sun., 1919-04-21

Panama Joined the Confederation OF Ora
NADIA, afterward known as the United
States OF Colombia. The new constitu-
ton OF 1856 OF Colombia reduced Pan
anna to the rank OF a department and
caused much discomfort.
The dissatisfaction of the people OF
Panama with their political condition ha d
already prepared the way for an upris-
ing In which Panama seeded from Co
lombia and became republic, duly
recognized by the United states on No
vember IS. 1908. ny treaty between
Panama and the United States the use OF
a strip OF territory across the isthmus.
known as the Canal Zone. was acquired
by the United States for the digging OF
the canal.
The first President Of the new repub-
lie was Manuel Amado Guerrero. who
was succeeded in 1908 by Domingo dc
Obaldia. In 1912 Belisario Porras was
elected President
The sun., 1919-04-21
CHILEAN RAILWAYS
TO BUY EQUIPMENT
Requirements Are to BE Met
by Placing LOan-Gr0wth
of Traffic Heavy.
By FELIX NIETO DEL RIO,
OF the STAFF Of ne "Djorio Iranado

Of the StnW Of bc "Djorio Il.strddo, "
santiago,
Specially vritien for The LGtia An.rri-
car Section OF THE SVN
The prosperity of Chile has greatly
increased during the last ten yeare The
principal difficulties Of economic char
acteT that had been encountered and
were holding back It's II dustrial develop
men; have disappeared gradually with
the general proSress of the country.
The manufacturing Industries especially
received great impulse from the scare
ny or foreign made articles during the
war. The future of these Industries is
IN general agSurcd. not only because
they are now solld.y established. but
because they will enjoy the protection
OF the Government of Chile and the
large amount Of capital at their dis
posal especially that belonging to for
eign capitalists. VINO are seeking surcr
and more prCfta6,c investments than
they are now able 20 make IN other
countries because Of the overchargcs o.
ta>es and calamities caused by the g"Hr.
This Industrial progress. together
with the agricultural development due
to expanscs Of land recently irrigated
and the more extensive cultivation of the
soil brought about by the increase OF
population and higher prices Of the prod
ucts. has threatened to make the Chilean
railway sIstcm, OF which the greater
part belongs TO the State, Incapable Of
meeting the demand on It, and IN this
way is jeopardiziug the coming pros
neritr II itS deficiencies are not cor
rected in time
The total number OF ton klUmeters
The sun., 1919-04-21
CHILE'S ENVOY SEES
GREATER U. S. TRADE
Says Political Diplomacy Must
Give Way to Commercial
Tact.

Be!tran Matthew. Ambassador rro,,
Chile to the United States, has contra
uted 10 the May issue of the Spanisb
ed'tlon or Export American Industries
the official organ of the National Asso,
citation OF Manufacturers, an article as
serting that political diplomacy must he
abandoned for commercial diplomacy il
the desired unity between nations is I,
be attained. The Chilean Ambassador
defends the position of neutrality be,d
by Chile In the war. discusses som,
american commodities that Chileans like
10 ouy. and calls attent on to his conn
trys great need for a merchant marine
After Highly pra!s!nR the work Of thS
late Theodore Roosevelt and tina. os
El'hu Root In their efforts to bring ahou,
better relations between Chile and rho
United states. Senior Matthew makes his
assertion that peace and friendly relo
tons will best he preserved by moro A.
tentlon to commercial diplomacy and les.
10 political. commercial activities heinz
III" best means as ne sees Il OF pressr,
ing she unity OF nations He saws there
IL nothing in the political relations Of tho
United States and Chile which reouires
special comment. since these relations
continue to he excellent. and since moth.
ing happened in the period OF chile,
neutrality to diminish the friends,
feeling
Then the Ambassador adds these in
teresting comments:
our Libraries until recently shovel
marked partially for European books.
hat NOWADAYS they receive large mum,
hers OF books from the United States.
10th English and TRANSLATED into Span
ism. These have helped to great ey-
tent to interpret to us tho spiritual and
scientific development OF the Un,teI
States, the Dhrs OF North American Nf-
of which Latin America knows little
Along this line the contribution Of the
Carnegie Institute has been o. great
Importance and Is very much apprc-
ciated in my country"
Senior Matthew. In discussing the do
velopment In Chile OF an lntnrcst in tho
tinted States, calls attention to the fao'
that the newspapers and periodicals o.
h!s country are printing quantities o.
North American news, obtained from
United States news agencies and fror'
special correspon6ents now maintained
here BY the Chilean press
Although II may sound frivolous"
he adds. we must not forget that the
fashions. the moving pictures and the
atrical phantnsies OF the United States
have as much Of vogue in chile AS
those coming from London and Paris,
which used to reign supreme
Chile is not a country OF 'conces-
sion and adventures cannot succeed
there. as unfortunately they do in Other
Latin American countries which have
fallen into the hands OF daring specu-
lators through their good faith or their
Weakness. Chile offers to foreign Can't
talists the invaluable guarantee of hav-
ing only one procedure OF legal conduct.
Resides her unbroken internal peace has
given the country worldwide fame for
its reliability"
The opening OF the Panama Canal Ia
regarded by Chile as marking an inn
portant epoch in her commercial life, the
Ambassador says
The sun., 1919-04-21

But this Is true in relation to all
Latin America. The Indian has been in
corporated into the race and society as
at present constituted has had to follow
the road to civilization from the depths
culture and the sterling habits of the
human race must be learned The strug-
gle Is arduous and desperate. but the
battle IL being fought. The present
Government of Chile has allotted 10000
900 pesos extra for the promotion of
popular education. The United States
brought 10 their soil the highest culture
Of the epoch and cannot regard with
contempt the relative cultural hardness
OF Latin America, an aggregate back
wardness. since the well 10 do classes
have the most eSquist" culture. I.et us
record the anecdote OF the two counts.
One OF them, who Inherited his title
from his ancestors. in dispute with
the other wished to humiliate his an
taEonist. saying:
Don't forget that you used to be only
n cook"
II haven't forgotten" answered the
other arrogantly. II was a cook and
have become a count. while you were a
count and have remained count"
So Latin America is unashamed OF
not having come with its home life and
high collective culture to the New World
1t began with more difficulties than this
country. nut ii Is slowly making its up-
hill way, and the day will come. and is
not very distant, when II vii. be able to
tell humanity that II has climbed step
by step FL this degrees IN tie scale OF
civillzGt.1n.
The sun., 1919-04-21
Ky CAMILO PORRAs,

Conspl-Gensrol Of Pondma in Ne,r York.
Specially written tor the Latin American
Section Of THE sun.
Panama is a republic OF Central Amer
Ca. occupying the isthmian territory be-
,ween Colombia on the east and Costa
Rica on the west and between the Ca
ribbean Sea on the north and the Pacific
ocean on the south. Its total area ~
81 600 square miles. The climate in gen.
eral Is warm but pleasant The temper
ature is about Is degrees, The wet sea-
son Ia from April to December. The soil
Is remarkably fertile. The forests are
rich in valuable hardwoods, such az
cedar. cobolo and mahogany which are
beginning to be exported. Caoutchouc
tcaucho). dyewoods and medicinal plants
as sarsapa rilla. copaiba and ipeca-
cuanha are also found. There are pearl
Fisheries at the Pearl Islands N the Gulf
OF Panama and at Coiba Island TO the
west. A considerable quantity of turtle
she'll ia exported. There are important
mineral resources. such as gold. copper,
manganese and salt but these remain
practically undevrloped. Gold and salt
are the only minerals worked.
The chief agricultural products are
bananas ivory nuts, coffee, cocoanuts,
dpcoa, caoutchouc, sugar and tobacco.
The banana industry, which IL the most
important. has been developed by the
United Fruit Company Of New York.
which OWNS extensive plantations In the
province OF Bocos del Toro and which
exported in 1910 about 100000 worth
of bananas to the United States. In the
province OF Cocle are large plantations OF
cocoa trees t70.OOO), coffee trees co.
OCO) and caoutchouc trees (30,oOo),
,,,
n""'e
Cattle raining is successfully carried
on and hides are exported. There are
9OO 0OO cattle (yalued at $500. OO0) g.
40 600 horses Cs40O. O00) 700 mules
The sun., 1919-04-21

CHIlE'S PURCHASES largely in machinery of all
" kinds textiles, steel automobiles and paper while the
United States obtained from Chile principally copper bars
nitrate of Soda wool, hides and beans.
THE GOVERNMENT OF CHILE had begun number of
vast improvements the harbos of the country which
stopped because of the Today however, Chile
proceeding with these developments to provide far greater
shipping facilities for her rapidly increasing international
trade her growing industries and the further progress of her
commercial and industrial life.
WITH THE UNITED STATES the present of world
w finances is to be expected that the attention of nan
cers will naturally turn to the Southern Republic the mineral
and industrial prospects of which of the kind that invite
both the investment of money and the attention of the
sructive genius of Americans.
The sun., 1919-04-21
PANAMA'S IMPORTS MORE
THAN so PER CENT. FROM u. S.
Of 500 900 Volume in 1914 of Foreign Buying Only
$5OOOOOO Was Balanced by Exports
Manufactures Are Undeveloped

Chepiganana, in the district of Panama.
the raicllla plant furnishes a straw
which Is made into the best Panama
hats. The Central school OF Hatters
has been established In Arraijan. There
are sugar mills. the most important be-
Ing the Rosa de Aguadulce.
Imports Chiefly American.
The imports for 1914 amounted to
500. 100000. the more important Imports
being animal and vegetable products,
textiles, mineral products. liquors and
machinery More than 80 per cent Of
the imports are from the United States.
The exports for 1914 amounted TO
s5,0o0,oo0, Of which t3.50o.oOO went to
the United States. The items OF I'M
portance were ivory nuts. hides, COCO
holo and other woods and rubber
The population. including the Canal
Zone t6j,00o), is 100000. The inhabi-
tants ere of mixed race. comprising
mainly Spanish and Indian. The chief
cities are Panama Capital. population
+5,oO0) and Colon population 2Q,50O).
Ports on the Pacific coast are Aqua
pulce and Pedregsl, and on the Atlantic
side Bocas del Toro and Porto Relic.
There are numerous public schools.
with an attendance OF 10000 IN 1915.
The National institute. or university.
which cost $4,000 OO, was orened in
1912 in Panama City. There are also
School Of Arts and Trades normal
school. high schools and several private
educate institutions
The Government. established by tn"
Constitution OF 1904. is n republic and
consists Of a Chamber of IDENTITIES, or
National Assembly Zone member for
every 10000 inhabitsnta). and a presi-
dent, elected for four years and inelig-
ible for reelection. There is no Vice
President but instead three officers
(DeslgnNdos), elected biennially by the
National Assembly, one of whom sue
goods the President in case Of the lat
tors death. The President appoints the
Cabinet Ministers. the diplomatic repre-
sentatives and the Governors of the
provinces The power OF the provinces
Is little more than nominal. thus max
ing Panama a strongly centralized
republic
The sun., 1919-04-21

Transported through the South Central
Lines o. the Chilean state Railways
was: Seventy-n.ne per cent greater In
1909 than in 1901. s. per cent. greater
in 1910 than in 1902, "a per cent.
greater in 1911 than in 1903. lN5 per
cent. greater in 1912 than in 1901. and
loo per cent greater in 1918 than
IN 1905.
similar proportion IN the INCREASE o.
passenger traffic was found, the percent
ages above being replaced respectively
by these fgureS--93 per cent. 90 per
/ cent, 81 per cent. l07 per cent.
The chilean Government, due to the
actual economic conditions OF the Coun-
try. expects that IN the coming years
, the railway traffic will continue to in
| crease in the same proportion. and has
decided to place In the foreign mar
kets the loan that it had been agreed
I upon to OlaCe in the year 1914. but
which had been postponed on account
~ the war, increasing it to $4,000, 000.
3 with this resolution the Government
initiated the policy that determined the
law authorizing the loan. that is: To
roNide the Chilean State railways with
the sufficient and adequate equipment
n"co sShry to maintain correct and
oiNcient service, and in the future In
crease this equipment systematically fol-
Ton ana commerce OF the country.
These inveTmc nts required periodical
~ ~ the Increase OF traffic. CORRESPOND
really to an increase in capital, Il Is
expected that these periodical loans to
be made after the $40. 900 600 loan, will
amount 10 an average OF $4,000 OOO
yearly Thr $4,000. 600 viii, be invested
S!Ttema ticany between 1919 and 1925.
and the greater amount of this sum
WI! u" disposed # during 1920. 1921
and 1922
The materials TO he bought comnlv
N general with the specifications in U.S..
IN this country, and as It Is OF in
terest TO the manufacturers here ] In
cert rongA outline Of the different
Items; El"C,r'" lines, feeders and sub
cations. 50 400 600 electric ,ocomo-
tives, S@,IoO 200 which materials will
be rseG in the electrified tion Of tho rail-
way between Valparaiso ami Santiago
"'lliag stock. Si.@oo 900 railroad shops.
S".I'u."o0; ,ou1lc-s and air brakes ST.
Hio.ooo. cleotr,' Gual system. sl.50O.-
900 reconstruction ana reinforcing OF
bridges, Sl.2'0.c0o; sidings and double
Tracking. s2.S2o. 900 coal storaEes
$500, 900; b7l'sst cars. 1894. 900: brild-
inGs. warehouses. machine shops and
platforms. 80 600, 600
Up 10 date about ten millions have
Been spent in purchasing equipment be-
loncng to the different items above
listed, rearly al Of which has been
bought IA this country.
L is natural to expect that tho coun-
Try w0cre tn loan $ placed will get
"refcrel &c IN the sale of materials
when the offers are as advanta geous as
those from otnrr sources This makes
til" luciug .: the loan more Interesting
10" American investors, as they will rot
p0'! Obtain the benefit Of the interest
but also tie benefit. that Indirectly
,come to thom or their associates in the
',ifftI cnt branches Of the industries
when orders are placed
The sun., 1919-04-21

The Government revenue in 1915 was
s45No.o00. The monetary unit is the
gold balboa, equal to 81 IN United states
money. As the independence OF Panama
is guaranteed by the United states
Government II supports no army or
navy
The territory now known rs Porama
was under Spanish rule from 1910 to
1919 when 1t became part OF the inde-
pendent republic OF Colombia. The
Panama Isthmus was visited by CO.
lumbus In 1902. who established n set
Element or colony at Nombre de lJIos
near Porto Bello Hay. IN 1910 Panama
was included in the province OF Castillo
del Orc; in 1914 IL was united with
Nueva Andalucia and In 1919 the city
Of Panama was founded.
In 17ls Panama became part Of tho
viceroyalty Of Granada and In 1919 rn-
VOTED from tbs rule OF Spuia IN 1879
The sun., 1919-04-21

Leaving copper he reaches iron In
Coduinbo, where nature once again is
adorned with exube-ant foliage there
are mountains of iron ore containing so
rer cent. iron and per cent phosphor-
Gus, the best iron in the world for
making steel. North American capital
here and Mt the large conner d4posits
has 8, stimulated production that n
new port, Cruz Grande. linked by rail-
road with the rnines of FL Toto has
The sun., 1919-04-21

or all these countries Chile is one of
the most separated. Looking at the
map one would think that the Chileans
have to asten themselves 20 the noun
tain range with hooks like mounta inccrs
80 not to fall into the sea. Never
theless there are parts Of Chile where
one has to travel day on the railroad
70 cross the country from the sea to
the Cordillera, ard to traverse 1t from
rorth to south in its extension Of over
1000 miles takes twelve days. during
which the traveller who starts from
Tacna passes through every variety OF
climate and may find all descriptions of
fora and fauna
Leaving a valley where cotton and
sugar cane are grown. where three crops
can he harvested in the year one passes
through n desert without blade Of
grass, but where Is produced, In eN-
change. the fertilizer that can multiply
five times the crops OF the world. and
from which came all the material for
powder that the world needed in its
recent struggle. That wilderness mute
80 the Sphinx. is the most powerful
agent Of life IN the world and the most
power full agent Of death. Mankind must
decide in each epoch Of its history for
which purpose they will use II.
The traveller. before and after pass.
ing through tie whole desert. comes 10
fha copper region. In Chuqucanlata
Ion tons of electrolytic copper are
mined daily. and this production IL
going TO be multiplied by Ave. Chuuul
camata is the principal copper deposit
In the world. Potrerillos FL Teniente
and other deposits further to the south
re hardly less important than Chuqui-
camata,
The sun., 1919-04-21
Forests of Hardwood.

He will later reach the impenetrable
forests. where not even with axe in
hand can he force his way through.
Some OF these trees produce woods the
loorking OF whose veins rivals in beauty
70 precious hardwood used TO make the
1io9t luxurious furniture TO be found
h the salons OF European Kings and
The sun., 1919-04-21
MEN OF CHILEAN MISSION
HAVE COME FROM THE SOIL
Banker, Political Leader and Editor in Delegation
Typical of Their Race-A Country Calling
for Superior Cabre.
ny TANCREDO PINOCHET,

Editor Of IL Nortc Americana.
Specially ,crittcn for tho Latin American
Section Of THE SUN.
For several years past this country
has been sending different missions of
eminent men TO visit the countries OF
Latin America, men representative of
letters, science. politics and finance, to
put the feeling OF this country In con-
tact with that OF the peoples OF the other
America.
This Is the first time Latin Ameri-
can country has mustered n select COM
pany Of public men n order to send
them 10 the United States with the
object Of widening the commercial reia-
tons between the two countries.
The men who have come from Chile
are Identified with the soil and the race
to which they belong. Don Augusta
Nillanueva Is the managing director Of
the Bank OF Chile, the most important
banking institution in the country, to be
precise. semi-official and closely associ-
ated with the nations prosperity. Don
Juan +. Tocornal is one OF the most
eminent political personalities Of the ma
ton: he belongs TO the hereditary group
Eliodoro Yanez is a man OF vigorous per-
sonality, has raised himself to the high
est social and political position by his
own efforts and capacity. He IL one OF
the owners and founders Of La Ndcio,.
the most important newspaper in the
country He was the favorite candidate
in the last Presidential campaign: the
sentiment OF the country will very prob
ably claim him as the future President
OF the republic at the next election.
Nations widely Separated.
These men who have come are identi-
fed with the soil and the race that have
produced them, as we have said II Is
common in the United States to con-
slider Latin America as single country.
To speak of Latin America as one coun-
try Is as incorrect as 1t would be to
speak OF Europe as one country. To
think that Paraguay and Chile are two
sectors of one and the same nation is
like imagining that Sweden and Por-
tugal are one. 1t Is true that in nearly
all Latin America the same language Is
spoken; 1t is true that nearly all Latin
AMERICA was conquered and colonlzed by
Spain; 1t is true that one religion only
Is protessed It Is true that one and the
same political model has determined in
way one same social atmosphere. But
the fact is that the different nations of
Latin America have been more sepa rated
among themselves during their whole
lives than they have each been from
the United States.
The struggle for independence united
Them In common effort at the begin
"ing Of the nineteenth century. They
aided each other in their continental
struggle At that time there was a
nd hni
The sun., 1919-04-21

American Consulate In Chilean Town
The Bureau ~ Foreign and Domestic Com
m"~ce has been advised by the state De-
pertinent that an American consular
agency has been opened ~ ChuQuicamata
Chile and that Major Thomas W. Palmer
Jr., has been appointed Consular Agent.
The sun., 1919-04-21
A Message from Chile
to American Manufacturers

DISTRACTIONS DUE TO THE WORLD WAR have made
IL necessary for the people of the Republic of Chile to
establish industries to provide products largely obtained from
abroad prior that time AS the result Chile has been busy
during the last four years producing every article which
could be made homefrom the building Of small ships for
coastal trade to the making and remakng Of engines and
automobiles.
CHILE is NOW APPROACHING the highways of inter-
" national trade by of the transAndean railroad
and the Panama Canal New steamship lines between Chile
and the United States have brought the two nations into
closer relationship than before. Mutual requirements
serving to further encourage between them
AS illustrations:
The sun., 1919-04-21

Iruguayan Amethyst-A large demand
for amethys' IN the immcdI late future IL
anticipated by an expert in MOntevideo,
Uruguay, according 10 Consul william
Dawson. Bcf0r" the war the only firms
handling trpguayRE stones were German
and they exported them IN the rough
Considerable saving may be enec'ed. II Is
'Nrugh', Ivy preliminary cutting before
shipment.
The sun., 1919-04-21

To l.. S.
S50,323,796
92,152.853
155,OO6,l03
The sun., 1919-04-21

ConsUl-GensroI Of Pondmd IN NeW York,
Specially written tor the Latin American
Section Of THE SUN