New Britain herald., 1919-03-04

a horizontal plane and they control tiIe up and down motion of the air plane. '0 "'
 'e hudder and Its Purpose.
 me rudder is a control ,nucb 1u,. 'ne Iudder of boat, located in var ucal Piahe at the rear of inc fuse,sro It o'rcctS the dlreCtionaI m lotion of tbo a'rp@he and is used in continuation Wlth the allerons in making turns
 Pho Stick and It's t1se
 The stick is A lever oporatod hand ana controlling the ailerons and elevators. It is located in front o< t1,o of wood or metal
 Operations of the Stick
 The stick" works to the right and left. controlling the ailerons and back and forth, controlling the elevators. When the stick" is pushed to the right. the right aileron goes up and the left aileron goes down. causing more lift on the left wing and conse- quently rise on the left wing and the machine banks to the right. When the stick is pushed forward, the ele vators are lowered, the tail is forced Up by the additional pressure below and the nose of the machine goes down. which means that the airplane will descend. When the ''&tick" is pulled ba ok, the reverse occurs and the airplane will ascend. This ar rangement of controls is perfectly na- tural for the operator.
 What Operates the Ruddcr?
 The rudder is worked by the feet pushing on a rudder-b bar located in the bottom of the cockpit When the bar is pushed to the right, the rud- der goes to the right and the force Of the air gainst it forces the tail to the left, the nose to the right and the airplane goes to the right.
 If the Engine Stops in the Air.
 The plane is still under full contrU. as long as there is flying speed and when the engine stops, the necessary speed is obtained by pushing forward on the stick" thereby lowering the elevators which force the tail up and the nose down, so that the plane glides down, getting it's speed from the loss of elevation, i. e. the force of gravity.
 
 Can it be started again without landing? Yes, by diving the machine. The force of wind against the propcI- Ter will start it turning again.
 AeronauticaI Glossary.
 rome-Popular name given to a flying field.
 Air Pocket-A local condition of the air which causes the machine to a a, vacuum.
 Bank-To incline laterally.
 Chord-A right line tangent to the the front and rear.
 Dive-To descend at an abnormally steep angle.
 DOpe-Solution applied to fabric to mako it strong, firm, airtight and wa terproof.
 Ora g-The total resistance to mo- ton through the air of an aircraft.
 Drift-The component of the result ant wind pressure on an aerofou or wing-surface parallel to the air stream attacking the surface.
 Entering Edge-The leading or front edge of deck or plane.
 Fairing-Any attachment placed on an airplane to round off tho projec- tons to a streamline fo.N thing drag or resistance.
 Glde-To fly without DO.
 Hangar-Building or hous us; for aircraft
 Lift-The component of the force due to the air pressure of an aerofoil. resolved perpendicular to the flight path in a vertical plane.
 of 1-erna j1-j11 on sections by splinting on new sec tions.
 Side -slip--Term applied 10 The par tia or complete slip Of an atrplane, sideways.
 Soaring-Gliding or coagtng in current of air.
 Span-Distance from wing-tip to ving-tip, som etimes called the spread.
 Sta gger-The amount of advance of the entering edge of the upper wing Of a biplane ovCr that of the lower surface.
 Stalling--A term describing the con 1 dition of an airplane which has lost 1 the relative speed necessary for 8, eerage and control
 Streamline F'low--4A term describ- ! Ing the condition of continuous flow Of a fluid, as distinguished from the i cddyng flow where Iscontinuity l takes place.
 Strea milne Sha pe-A shape intend ] ed to avoid eddying or discontinuity and to preserve streamline flow, thus 1 keeping resistance to progress at m minimum.
 Trailing Edge--The rear edge Of an aerofoil or deck
 Wa ke-4DistLrhed stream of air | caused by passage of an airplane.
 Yaw--To plunge to the right or left l due to gusts or lack of rudder con- tro1.