davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1919-07-18

M. M. Foster, manager of the Ida
no Power Co., was in Aberdeen Mon
day on business.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1919-07-18

Mrs. John Eliason and Mrs. Frank
Hillhouse of Rockland came into Am
erican Falls Monday.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1919-07-18

Fordson tractor demonstration at
the National Farmers Organization
convention in American Falls, August
rs. Announcement later.-Adv. 1t.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1919-07-18

C. c. Thornhill was in Pocatello
Tuesday on business.
American Falls press. [volume] (American Falls, Idaho) 1907-1937, 1919-07-18

State Reclamation Engineer Badly
was here Saturday TO conduct a hear
ing in Rockland on the proposed
transfer Of irrigation water from the
Rockland townsite ditch to lands ly-
ing under the bench ditch.
Evening star., 1919-03-16
PEACH-SEED GAS MASKS
FOR MINE RESCUE WORK

WOODSTOCK. Va, March Is. -
When the United States government
called for seeds and nuts for use in
Chapman Of Woodstock was appoint
ed chairman of seed conservation for
Shenandoah county. With the assist
ance of the Boy Scouts of Woodstock,
who worked faithfully, 500 bushels of
peach seeds were gathered in Wood
stock alone. They were taken to the
evaporator, where they were dried
then packed in bags and shipped to
Astoria, L. l., to be used in the gas
defense division, chemical warfare
service. If the war had continued
other carloads of seeds of various
fruits and nuts would in a short time
this station.
Most Of the peach seeds were con-
tributed by the Woodstock branch of
the Chapin-Sacks creamery and the
Tavenner and Gravely Orchard COM
pany These gas masks, which nave
protected the soldiers in our Army
will. in the future, be used in the MIN
ing industry. Heretofore there nave
been mining emergency fire stations
located at central points. and when
fires and troublesome gas developed
at a mine gas helmets were rushed 10
the scene. The gas masks used by
these outfits were expensive and cum
bersome and required trained men to
use them. For these reasons each IN
dividual mine could not afford to keep
a set Of these masks at hand. NOW
however, since the improved wartime e
gas masks have been so lowered IN
cost and their use made so simple and
effective that any average workman
in a mine can use them. they can be
kept in large quantities ready for i'm
mediate use In an emergency. The
new masis. It h thought, win save the
lives Of hundreds Of mfnefa
A new market VIII thus be created
for the by-products of the orchards.
Evening star., 1919-03-16
WAR HAS MADE EDUCATION
A PROBLEM FOR THE NATION

ness and carved out the, original
states And they could neither read
nor write because the great country
founded on equality of opportunity
had held to hands-off policy and,
! as in slavery days, had left "edu1a-
ftion a local ISSUE"
In the camps they met many for
eigners unable to speak our language,
, but they met other sons of the for
eign. born, the first generation In
this country. and these latter. be
cause they had landed in Boston or
New York or some. other rich port,
where the schools were the pride Of
the city, these first generation Ameri-
cans were educated, the products many
Of them of the best high schools of
the s1and, many of them university
graduates in full possession of all the
benefits of this land of equal oppor-
tunity. Suppose they did have to live
in crowded quarters, education was
worth it, and so the local Issue. cdu-
cation" has it's share Of blame in
creating the SlumS of large cities and
their opportunities for exploitation,
for no immigrant fathar ard mother.
much as they desire country life, will
willingly take their children away
from the educational advantages OF
the great city and bury them in the
ordinary country school
Now is the time for the United
States to realize that education is no
more a local issue than slavery was.
The nation can no longer exist part
learned and mostly ignorant, for the
problems Of reconstruction. will call
for the votes of all men. and many
women, perhaps all, and cannot be
| solved wisely by an uneducated cleo
torate. The continuance of our rep
resentative democracy depends on our
making good those ancient pretenses
of equality of opportunity and on
thinking Of education in the terms of
the nation and not Of distinct locah-
Evening star., 1919-03-16
UNITED IRISH SOCIETIES
TO HOLD MASS MEETING

Irish airs, old and new, will be a
feature Of the musical program at the
public mass meeting to be held at S
o. clock, tomorrow night at Liberty Hut
by the United Irish Societies of the
District of Columbia Miss Agnes
Whalen. Miss Mary Patrice Moran and
Ambrose Dierkin will sing. The Naval
Gun Factory Band will play.
Speakers win include Joseph W.
Bailey, former senator from Texas;
Hannis Taylor. former minister to
Spain; katherlne Hughes of the Irish
national bureau, and P. J. Ryan. p. T.
Moran is to preside. Returned SOL
diers will be special guests of honor.
Joseph A. Daily is chairman of the
committee on arrangements. The re-
ception committee consists of Daniel
F. Quigley, chairman; Nicholas Col
Inns. John J. Conroy, George A Her
man. NJ. F. .Breen, M. E. Buckley,
Thomas Carlfh, w. J. FrizzeII. j. +.
Lennon, T. F. Cook, p. r. inland. Ar
thur Small. j. P. Moriarty, d. NJ stan
ton. Daniel Hyland, jr.; j. T. Nc
knIght' s5n y John Wa1sea keane; Z. e. Geoghe-
Hughes, J. p. O'Connor, J. M. Myers,
Joseph Bradley, Joseph D. Sullivan, J.
p. Clancy, p. T. Murray, Martin Nc
Hugh, jeremiah O'Connor, J. Frank
O'Meara, NJ. r, O'Mearsl, E. L. Tucker.
John j. Dolan. NJ. H. Tolan, J. M.
Frank. Matthias Griffin, r. J. Sheri-
dan. Mitchell 'O'Connor, John J. Trant,
Thomas A. Mcdonald. Edmund NJ. Sui
livan, the Misses Margaret L. Erosna-
han, Margaret Buckley, Lillian Fay,
Annie Buckley, Elizabeth Healey,
Mary A. Dougherty. Mary C. Flana-
gan. Julia Linskey, Margaret DriscoIl.
Kather:Ie Moran. Katherine Fox,
ing, Mary Gainey; Mrs Latra Roland,
Mrs. Ethel Roddy, Mrs. M. T. O'Leary,
Mrs. Philip ]. Ryan. Mrs. Julia Der
mody. Mrs. Mary Archer. Mrs. Mar
.,;.ret S.uires and Mrs. Katherine Tacail.
Evening star., 1919-03-16

interest among our people in the
varied seafaring occupations.
Great as we are we cannot live
upon ourselves or unto ourselves
alone; and the greater we become
as a nation the more necessary it
will be that we should find occu-
patton and opportunity for our
citizens in the great highways of
international trade and industry.
We are an ingenious and inventive
and an industrial people, and the
surplus of our products must find
a market among the various peo-
pies of the world who need them.
In order to do so we must have
ships. No nation can become a
really great commercial power so
long as it depends upon the ships
of other nations. The ownership
and control of the ships in which
goods are carried to market is an
absolutely essential element in a
strong and prosperous and contin-
uous foreign trade. But aside
from all Of these advantages there.
is the additional one mentioned
above of affording a training
school for seamen who will be
available to man and fight our
ships Of war. Likewise, there are
many and varied arguments for
the extension and development of
our sea fisheries. The cod and
herring and mackere1 Of the At
lantic; the halibut and other food
fishes of the Pacific are never
failing source Of food for our peo-
pie, which at present is only par
TALLY developed. The catching and
marketing and curing Of the va
ried species Of commercial food
fishes on both Of our coasts are an
important factor in solving the
problem of the high cost Of living.
The most fundamental question Of
national as it is OF family and in
dividual life is the question of
food. Out Of it more than out of
any other question arise all social
and economic problems.
Training School for Navy.
The steady and complete ex-
ploitation of our magnificent op-
.portunities for increasing the ma
tional food supply from the sea
will solve many a question Of af-
fording employment and whole
some food at reasonable prices for
our teeming and increasing pop
ulation. But, as in the case of
merchant vessels, in addition to
these peculiar benefits there is the
incidental, but by no means unfm-
portant one. that the encourage
ment and support of the fishery
industry will develop a population
in the fishing towns and villages
of the coast from which our
fishing fleets put out, a race Of
hardy seafaring young men who
will be able and willing to respond
in the time of their country's need
for sailors in the Navy.
We had already made a begin
ming before the war in creation of
a naval reserve by Offering certain
extra inducements to merchant
Evening star., 1919-03-16
SOLDIER BOY" JOINS NAVY.

A fuil-blooded Sioux Indian. bear
ing the Indian name of Akichipa Ok
shela. which means soldier boy. has
joined the Navy. Born in North Da-
kota, a grandson of Red Cloud and
arandnephew of Sitting Bun. he aban-
doned the rolling prairies for a place
on the rolling deep by signing up as
an apprentice in the new American
merchant marine.
Okshela has laid aside his Indian
name and is known as Charles Nor
sea. He was graduated from Carlisle
Indian School and has figured promi-
nent1y in athletics at tho shipping
boards training base at Boston, being
captain Of the basket ball team and q
iaeIaber OF the swimming outfit
Evening star., 1919-03-16

sailors in the way of pay and other
considerations to enlist in a naval
reserve. This policy should be per-
fected and extended to include
fishermen as well as merchant
sailors, and the training and re-
ward for those enlisting for the
service should be made more at
tractive.
Preparedness for Emergency.
One reason why no halt can be
called in the increase Of the Navy
is because Of the obvious fact that
batt1eships and other war vessels
cannot be quickly produced when
the emergency arises, but must of
necessity be prepared in advance
and kept in readiness for service
when needed. The true ideal of
democracy such as ours, with OPT
portunities and responsibilities att
sea equal to those of any other
nation, should be to have a power
full and thoroughly disciplined and
equipped fleet and a small stand
ing Army. There should, Of course.
be care beforehand of the poten-
tia1 soldiers of the nation, begin
ming even in their childhood, for
preserving their health and direct"
ing their development along such
lines with as little interference as
possible with the freedom and civil
occupations of the people-as
would fit them for quick response
to a call to the Army for the pres
ervation of the nation or its honor
II it should be necessary for us to
raise a large Army. This is not
sufficient in the case of the Navy.
The length Of time required to
construct battle cruiser or a bat
tleship, which, Notwithstanding the
exploits of submarines. or other
new phases of naval warfare, re-
main the basis of naval strength
the scientific knowledge and 'spe-
cial discipline required of naval
officers to such a degree that it
can only be had by long, careful
and most thorough training and
/discipline-make it essential that
we should increase and steadily
push our program of naval con-
struction.
Navy Not Militaristic.
No question, of militarism can
arise in regard to our Navy. At
all times. even with a very large
Navy, the number Of men actually
needed in time of peace for man
ming ships of war is but small
proportion of what would be re-
quired to constitute. a large land
Army; and the fact that the Navy,
powerful though it is. is confined
to the sea and cannot operate in
land, deprives it by its very nature
and elementary character from the
capacity to ever menace the liber-
ties of our people.
The part which sea power has
played in the great war just closed
confirms the theories of Admiral
Mahan and all the great writers
of naval history that the rise and
fall Of nations is controlled in
Evening star., 1919-03-16
BY DIR. ROBERT NJ. McELROY,
Educational Director Of the National secunt.
League.

tied the age-llong problem Oh
slavery. Though that war was
begun not at all for that pVr-
pose. but only to save the Union. the
logic Of events called forth the eman-
cipation proclamation. freeing all
slaves in the states then in rebellion.
With. the close Of the war, the thir-
teenth, fourteenth and fifteen amend
ments completed emancipation and
opened the door of opportunity to the
negro. Then the age old arguments,
the subjects Of SO many unhappy COM
promises. fell like the hollow but
tresses of false structure.
But a new emancipation proclama-
ton is needed. There can be no real
freedom for any. black or white, who
grope in intellectual darkness. The
world war. waged by US to save the
sovereignty of America, has. with
lightning flash into the utmost re-
cesses of our land. revealed the in
tellectual slavery in which millions
of native born Americans have been
forced to live because the fallacious
old arguments denied them, as they
denied the black slave. equality of
opportunity.
They came into the camps called to
die for freedom, these men, many of
them Of the puI est native American
blood, descendants Of the pioneers who
three hundred or more years ago
braVed the peril OF the savage wilder
Evening star., 1919-03-16
Power Of Congress Limited.

war profits taxes probably win go
into the discard with the end Of the
war. but the expenditures have been
enormous: they are piled SO high. and
the obligations incurred win continue to
such an extent that some form of taxa
tir apart from loans and, Treasury
rotes may have to be faced for some
years to come. 1t is reasonably sure.
however, that the republican Congress
will take on the task, hoping to simplify
the revenue collecting procedure and to
reduce the charges now levied upon en-
terprise and industry"
That IN interesting situation may de-
velop in this reconstruction or readjust-
ment Congress from the fact that a
democratic administration will not be
jealous to cooperate with a republican
legislature is emphasized when Repre-
a few OF the many matters that may be
considered by the republican Congress.
But it must be remembered that Presi-
dent Wilson is still in the White House
and that all the administrative depart
ments are in sympathy with him. The
best a republican Congress may do,
therefore, is to put the vital questions
up to the departments and the White
House. The republicans are not in such
control as will permit them to put
through every beneficial piece Of legis-
lation that may be contemplated. They
will have the power to investigate, how
ever, and to propose remedial legisla-
ton. and they are likely to exercise that
power so that the people may have a
fun understanding of their attitude
Evening star., 1919-03-16
Opposes Control Over y. S. Navy
By Proposed League of Nations

large part By the control OF the
sea. Quiet though it was and free
of demonstration, the spectacle or
the German fleet nling in surren-
der between the lines of allied
ships of war off the Firth of Forth
was the most significant event IN
history 1t was the climacteric in
the process of disintegration OF
that German power which was
great enough to menace the llber-
ties of the world. These German
vessels. though surrendering with
out fight, in doing so paid the
greatest tribute and afforded the
most unanswera BILE demonstration
of the control which the allied
fleets held of the sea and of the
world 1t was the rich fruit which
came in the end. without violence.
from the labor. discipline. courage
and foresight of Great Britain and
her allies concentrated in the
grand fleet of the North sea- and
in it rested the determination of
the history. policy and civilization
of the world.
Evening star., 1919-03-16
EUROPE WILL CONCEDE
WORLD LEAGUE POINTS
IF u. S. FINISHES JOB
Wiling to Exclude Monroe Doctrine From
Scope Of Constitution of Society .
Of Nations.
become a part Of the preliminary
treaty of peace? 1 do not think so.
Participating pledge Likely.

Participating pledge Likely.
What seems likely is that the pre-
1iminary treaty of peace will pledge
all the nations signatory thereto to
participate in a league of nations,
| later to be formed This would con-
stitute q declaration of principle.
Conceivably, President Wilson will
oppose this and insist that the whole
league OF nations be tightly bound
preliminary form. Only in such a
case is it conceivable that there may
be a. difference of opinion between
the American and the European
representatives
There is no mistaking the pressure
among the peoples of Europe for
peace. AS l have said, the preliminary
peace will be accepted everywhere as
the fact of peace, as it will be all
but the technical phases. To post
pone the Signing of this preliminary
peace in order to amend the league
of nations covenant and make it a
part thereto. would certainly arouse
opposition ands impatience.
My judgment is that it is the ex-
pecJation of the American commits
Sioners now in Paris that the pre-
lminary treaty of peace will con-
tain only a. declaration of principle
concerning the. league of nations.
Europe's Mind Made Up.
In sum, then, President Wilson on
his return will find Europe with it's
mind practically made up to the new
arrangement of it's own affairs, both
territorial and financial; he will find
II cordial, sympathetic partisan of
his fight in America, but unwilling to
postpone the making of the prelim-
mary peace to conform to political
necessities in America
One other circumstance is worth
mentioning. Practically every one of
the disputes between the various
races, Sach as that between the
Italian and the Jugoslavs, between
Poland and the CZechoSlovaks, be-
tween the Rumanians and the Lith-
uanians. and between the Greeks and
the Italians, seems likely in the end
to wait upon American arbitration.
since we alone have no secret treaties
or established friendships to pref
udice our judgment.
Unhappily. the position of the. judge
begets bitterness rather than enthus-
iasm not infrequently, and not few
Americans tremble to think of the
unpopu]arity that may yet come to
their country as result OF an en-
inently fair decision in the case of
rival races whose rivalries are in
many instances at least a thousand
years old.
We are. in fact, within two steps
of a preliminary peace which on the
larger side will be the real peace. We
almost know our minds with respect
OF Germany, we are nearly ready to
let her know our mind.
When we have dealt with Germany,
what remains will be relatively in
significant and we shall begin to
emerge. from that depressing and
paralyzing twilight zone which for
four months has separated actual war
from real peace.
Copyright, 1919. by Mcclure syndicate.)
Evening star., 1919-03-16
FORMIDABLE PROGRAM
FOR THEEXTRA SESSION
Continued from First Page.)

come along under this head. Provision
must be made for returning soldiers,
and particularly for those who are
wounded But reconstruction involves
the basic problem of bringing the
country back from an extravagant
Industries should be encouraged and
protected and a wider field should be
provided for our exports.
"The creation and maintenance of
an American merchant marine is es-
sentiai. In this relation republicans
generally are not satisfied with the
achievements of the shipping board.
What it has accomplished seems not
commensurate with the fierce charges
made upon the public excheQuer. The
results have not been satisfactory, and
there will most certainly be proposed
United States to do very large part
Of it's own carrying trade which is
now going to foreign nations. There
is very wholesome spirit abroad in
favor Of American ships connecting
with South American ports without
lieve there will be legislation in this
line, even If it is necessary to upset
the shipping board and resort to some
new agency"
Careful weighing Of the needs for rev.
enue. SO as to reduce as far as possible
is also promised by Mr.. Moore. Much
as some of us might like to do so," he
says, there seems to be no escape from
revenue legislation. The complexities Of
the existing revenue law-the Wilson,
McAdoo- Kitchen law-are enough to
give the ordinary business man creeps.
But even SO, republicans must tackle
the job and endeavor to tighten the
burdens the outgoing Congress has i'm
posed upon the people.
Evening star., 1919-03-16
BY MILES POINDEXTER.
Written for The Sunday Star.

T AM in favor of an adequate
Navy. 1t is especially neces-
sary for the United States to
Il have large Navy because of
it's double coast lines sepa-
rated by several thousand miles.
We must have a. complete fleet in
the Pacific, and a large Navy will
more than Justify itself by reliev-
ing us of the necessity of main
tanning large standing Army.
There is no rivalry, however, be-
tween the United States and Great
Britain in the matter of sea power,
and any comparison of the rela-
tive powers Of the two nations in
this respect is unnecessary, and
particularly inviduous at this time.
We have mapped out a sufficient
program of naval increase to oc-
cupy the resources of the Depart
ment and shipyards available for
their construction for several
years
Evening star., 1919-03-16
Comes the Big Question.

How comes the big question.
What relation will the covenant of
tho league Of nations bear to the pre-
linfnary treaty of peace?
Tho European nations, as have
said before. are quite ready TO exclude
the Monroe doctrine from the pur-
view of the constitution of the league
Of nations, and to make almost any
other concession. provided only the
United States on its own terms will
agree to finish it's job in Europe, and
for the time being at least. lend its
powerful aid and its even more pow
er1ul prestige to the maintenance and
upbuildfng Of the new nations.
But can those notifications be made
in time 70 permit the covenant OF
iae league Of nations as Amended to
Evening star., 1919-03-16
Congress Is Hard Worked,

Turning aside from any controverss
that may exist today, or that existed
in 1867, between the President and
Congress, there seems absolutely 20
reason why Congress elected by the
people should wait for twelve'or 1this
teen months before assembling to take
up the legislative business OF the
country. A change of party.ia' power.
due to an election, may be nullified for
year by the failure of the adrnfnis-
tration to call an extra session Of Con
gress. Except for the fact that Wash
ington is "hot' in the summer time.
no reason has been given, " whySthe.
Congress should not sit during the
summer months. IN these days, Tie
needs of the couLtry require Congress
to be in session practically continu-
ously. st5
It is true, too, that it is almost I'm
possible for Congress to dispose of the
big annual supply bills in. the short
three-month session at the close OF
each Congress. Certainly it has
no time to scrutiniZe these huge ap-
propriations in that limited timeSssv 4
An examination Of the record shows
that out of the sixty-five Congresses
that have passed into history, the nrst
session of twenty-three began on
some day prior to Decepber. due TO
the calling of extra sessions, sbyS the
President, to the law enacted jim Ans.
provision made by Congress for early
meetings prior to 1867. The. Sixty
sixth Congress will meet in extra SEX
sion this spring. and will be- thf-5
twenty fourth Congress to hold it's
first session prior to the date fixed in
the Constitution for regular ses-
sion. -.sss
This record Of early meetings indi-
Gates clearly that Congress- IL fre-
quent1y needed prior 10 the December
meeting. sofrs
Evening star., 1919-03-16
VIM. Find Peace About Ready.

When Mr.. Wilson arrives in Europe
this tpe he will find the conference
1T Paris in the act of completing a
preliminary peace which in all the
larger aspects will be final peace.
In other words, to quote NJ. Pichon,
the French minister OF the foreign Office,
Action in the direction of a pre-
liminary peace with Germany is likely
to come sooner than any one expects"
The various commissions have prac-
tic1lly completed their work so far as
the frontiers of Germany are con-
cerned. the question of the disarma-
ment Of Germany approaches a solu-
ton and at least a tentative arrange
ment in the matter of reparation and
financial settlement is to be expected.
Evening star., 1919-03-16

n the days of Andrew Johnson a
bitter controversy arose between