davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1919-03-05

My Fellow Citizens-I accept the
intimation of the air just played.
I will not come back Till Its Over,
over There And yet l pray God.
in the interest of peace and of the
world, that that may be soon.
The first thing that I am going
to tell the people on the other side
of the water is that an overwhelm-
ing majority of the American
people is in favor of the League OF
Nations. l know that that is true.
I have had unmistakable intima-
tions of 1t from all parts of the
country, and the voice rings true
in every case.
I count myself fortunate to
speak here under the unusual cir
cumstances of this evening. am
happy to associate myself with Mr..
Taft in this cause. He has dis
played an elevation of view and a
devotion to public duty which is
beyond praise.
No Party Dare Oppose 1t.
And I am more happy because
this means that this Is not a party
issue. No party has the right to
appropriate this issue, and no party
will in the long run dare oppose It,
We have listened to so clear and
admirable an exposition Of many of
the main features of the pro-
posed covenant of the League of
Nations that 1t is perhaps not nee
essary for me to discuss in any
particular way the contents of the
document. l will seek rather to
give you its setting.
do not know when ! have been
more impressed than by the con-
ferences of the commission set UP
by the conference of peace to draw
up a covenant for the League of
Nations. The representatives of
fourteen nations sat around that
board-not young men, not men in
experienced in the affairs of their
own countries. not men inexpe-
rienced in the politics of the world
and the inspiring influence of
every meeting was the concurrence
OF purpose on the part of all those
men to come to an agreement and
an effective working agreement,
with regard to this league of the
civilized world.
There was a conviction in the
whole impulse, there was convic-
ton of more than one sort, there
was the conviction that this thing
ought TO oe done. and there was
also the conviction that not man
there would venture to go home
and say that he had not tried to do
1t.
Mr. Taft has set the picture for
you OF what failure of this great
purpose would mean. We have been
hearing for all these weary months
that this agony of war has lasted
because of the sinister purpose Of
the Central Empires, and we have
made maps OF the course that they
meant their conquests to take
Where did the lines of that map lie,
of that central line that we used
to call from Bremen to Bagdad?.
The sun., 1919-03-05
WAR CONGRESS
ENDS; MANY BIG
BILLS UNPASSED
Poindexter, Moses and
France Blame President
for Failure.
GREAT SPENDING RECORD
Fifty-seyen Billions Author
lied in Two Years; Much
Work Accomplished.
Special Despatch TO THE suS.

SptctdI Despatch TO The SuN.
WASHINGTON, March 4.-The great
war Congress--the Sixty -fifth-came
to close on the stroke Of noon to-
day in the midst of n bitter wrangle
between the President and Republi-
can Senators, who talked the Con-
gress to death without permitting
even the general deficiency bill to
pass. The army and navy bills also
died.
The President reached the Capitol
an hour and half before the ses-
sion ended, and 1t was Immediately
made apparent to him that the de-
ficiency bill, carrying the appropria-
tion Of s75O, 100000 for an additional
revolving fund for the railroads,
would not be allowed to pass. Sena-
tor Sherman (Ill.) had then been
talking three hours and talked to the
very end.
Immediately after the life of the
Congress ended President Wilson is
sued denunciatory statement, trying
to place the blame for the expected
impaired efficiency OF the Govern
ment and embarrassment of the ma
tion's finances on the shoulders of the
Republicans.
The determination by some of the
Republicans to filibuster against the
deficiency bill was the result of Il
sudden shift in plans and was based
partly on information reaching some
of them late last night and early this
morning.
Think Wilson Is BIuning.
They are convinced that the Presi-
dent is "bluffing' about not calling
special session of Congress until
he returns from Europe. They are
determined also to make it extremely
clear to the country that the Presi-
dent has 1t within his power to call
Congress together for action at any
time and that any bad financial sit
uation brought about by the failure
to provide the railroad revolving fund
can be easily remedied by the Presi-
dent If he will overcome his distaste
for Senatorial criticism while he is
abroad mourning over the corpse of
his League of Nations constitution.
The President, the moment Congress
! ended, made public his statement as
follows:
"a group of men in the Senate
have deliberately chosen to en-
| barrass the Administration of the
Government, to imperil the finan-
cial interests of the railway systems
| OF the country and to make arbi-
trary use of powers intended to be
| employed in the interest of the
| people. 1t is plainly my present
| duty to attend the peace conference
| in Paris. 1t is also my duty to be
| in close contact with the public
| business during session Of the
Congress.
Il must make my choice between
these two duties and confidently
hope that the people OF the country
will think tha. I am hfaRing the
right choice.
"It Is not in the interest of the
right conduct OF public affairs that
| should call the Congress in
special session while it Is impossible
for me to be in Washington because
of a more pressing duty elsewhere
to cooperate with the Houses.
take It for granted that the men
who have obstructed and prevented
the passage of necessary legislation
have taken all of this into con-
| Continued on Third Page
The sun., 1919-03-05
The Presidents Address
President Wilson delivered following address Metropo
ODera Hous Tastn niph

tions is meant as a notice to all out
law nations that not only Great
Britain but the United States and
the rest of the world will go IN to
stop enterprises of that sort.
what the League Is.
And so the League of Nations is
nothing more nor less than the
covenant that the world will always
maintain the standards which IT has
now vindicated by some of the most
precious blood ever spilled.
The liberated peoples Of the Aus
tro-Hungarian Empire and of the
Turkish Empire call out to us for
this thing. 1t has not arisen in the
council of statesmen. Europe is a
bit sick at heart at this very mo-
ment because 1t sees that states
men have had no vision and that
the only vision has been the vision
of the people. Those who suffer
see. Those against whom wrong Is
wrought know how desirable is the
right and the righteous.
The nations that have long been
under the heel of the Austrian, that
have long covered before the Ger
man, that have long suffered the in
describable agonies Of being gov
erned by the Turk, have called out
to the world, generation after gen.
Grafton. for Justice. for liberation,
for succor, and no Cabinet in the
world has heard them.
Private organizations, plying
hearts, philanthropic men and
women have poured out their
treasure in order to relieve these
sufferings, but no nation has said
to the nations responsible: You
must stop; this thing is intolerable.
and we will not permit" and the
vision has been with the people.
How He Views Critics.
My friends, I wish you would
reflect upon this proposition. The
vision as to what is necessary for
great reforms has seldom come
from the top in the nations of
the world 1t has come from the
HScu anu tIc anu lilt
self-assertion of great bodies of
men who meant to be free. and
can explain some of the criticisms
which have been leveled against
this great enterprise only by the
supposition that the men who utter
the criticisms have never felt the
great pulse of the heart of the
world
And ! am amazed-not alarmed
but amazed-that there should be in
some quarters such a Comprehen-
sive ignorance of the state of the
world. These gentlemen do not
know what the mind of men is just
now. Everybody else does. l do
not know where they have been
closeted. l do not know by what
influences they have been blinded;
but | do know that they have been
separated from the general cur
rents of the thoughts of mankind.
And l want to utter this solemn
warning. not in the way of a
threat: the forces OF the world do
not threaten, they operate. The
great tides of the world do not give
notice that they are going to rise
and run: they rise in their majesty
and overwhelming might, and those
who stand in the way are over
whelmed.
The sun., 1919-03-05

HARTsHoENE. FALEs . CO.. M.mbsrs
n. Y. stock nxchaags. Wall st,-AsN
The sun., 1919-03-05
PRESIDENT BARS
C0HALAN FROM
IRISH MEETING
Refuses to Confer With
Committee Unless Supreme
Court Justice Leaves.
JURIST FORCED TO LEAVE
Wilson Remains in Secret Con-
ference With Committee
Twenty-eight Minutes.

President Wilson. who had agreed to
meet the committee of twenty five
named at the recent convention of the
Irish race in America at the close OF
his speech in the Metropolitan Opera
House last night, refused to see the
members Of the committee or have any
dealings with them at all so long as
preme Court was present.
Ten minutes after this decision OF
the President had been communicated
to the committee Justice Cohalan left
Wilson then went into the Opera
Clubs rooms on the grand tier floor
and was with the committee for
twenty eight minutes.
The meeting between Mr.. Wilson
and the committee was arranged last
week in Washington. although moth
ing was said at that time about JUS
tice Cohalan. The members of the
committee entered the opera house by
the Thirty-ninth street entrance
'S oioie 'ne rresiuent was
through speaking and heard the last
part of the address from the wings.
Uu., A os,..
Then they went in a body to the
Opera Clubs rooms. while the President
went into the private office of General
Manager Catti-Cas,zz. tJa r.r,a;,.s
,-.
'heie 10" minutes 'hen came out
into the hallway and touched the
shoulder Of w. III. Moran. Chief of the
secre, sery,ca
..1 =. -,
e' me Whisper III your ear ne sald
10 Moran
The President then leaned toward
The sun., 1919-03-05

BERLIN, March (delayed) In re-
sponse to the appeal of the National
Spartacan League and the Greater Ber-
lin Communist organization for an i'm
mediate general strike, aimed TO over
throw the National Assembly and the
present republic, transportation facilities
of greater Berlin came to a standstill
tonight at o'clock sharp. All surface
cars. subways and elevated trains ceased
running at that hour,
Passengers in automobiles and in
cabs were no more fortunate than the
travellers on the trans because the
crowds in all the principal streets held
up the conveyances and forced the oc-
cupants to get out and walk.
Theatregoers who entered the perform
ances ignorant of the impending trouble,
because the afternoon newspapers did
not say anything of an impending strike
were forced to walk to their homes In
some cases miles to suburbs. A drizzling
rain added to the discomfort OF the
pedestrians
The sun., 1919-03-05
Many Meetings Held.

Telephone service In Berlin stopped
early In the evening. The big cafes and
restaurants closed early. fearing trouble
from the crowds in Tie streets.
In their appeals for the general strike
the Spartacan League and the COM
Continued on Sirth Pdge.
The sun., 1919-03-05
Publicity to Prevent war,

IL is one of the agreements of
this covenant that II is the friendly
right OF every nation a member of
the league to call attention TO any
thing that 1t thinks will disturb
the peace of the world. no matter
where that thing is occurring.
There Is no subject that may
touch the peace of the world which
is exempt from inquiry and discus
sion. and | think everybody here
present will agree with mo that
Germany would never have gone to
war If she had permitted the world
to discuss the aggression upon Ser
bia for a single week.
The British Foreign Office sug-
Gested. 1t plead, that there might
be day or two delay so that the
representatives of the nations OF
Europe could get together and dis
cuss the possibilities of settle
ment. Germany did not dare per-
init a days discussion. You know
what happened. SO soon as the
world realized that an outlaw was
at large the nations began one by
one to draw together against her
We know for certainty that IL
Germany had Ahouehi for a mo-
ment that Great Britain would so
In with France and with Russia she
enterprise. And the League OF Ma
The sun., 1919-03-05

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The sun., 1919-03-05

Continued on second Page.
The sun., 1919-03-05

Continued on Second Page.
The sun., 1919-03-05

Continued on strth PAGE
The sun., 1919-03-05

Continued on Third Page.
The sun., 1919-03-05

tions is meant as a notice to all out
law nations that not only Great
Britain but the United States and
the rest of the world will go IN to
stop enterprises of that sort.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28

Women are to have an important part ', enforcing the anti-profiteering act in England
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
CHINESE STUDENTS
 GOING TO FRANCE

Paris, December 11.-Chinese students of both sexes are expected to come to France at the rate of 5000 to 6O00 a year during the next two years. This nflu is ascribed to the fact that the Chinese are no longer attracted by German universities or Japanese colleges, owing to the war and She Chinese national feeling over the Shantung affair. Another reason for their choice ot France is that the United States imposes restrictions upon Japanese immigrants
 This affords France an unique oppor- unity to shape the careers of those de- stined to be the neucleus of industrial and intellectual China of tomorrow French transportation companies are offering the Chinese cheap rates of trans portation to bring them to France
 About 1000 young Chinese are already in France studying the modern scientific methods of industry, finance, commerce and agriculture.
 Amerlcan smpathizers, including Ma dame Hughes Le Roux, Mrs. Herman Duryea and Mrs William Astor Chanler have provided a tent as an organization cente- for the few arrivals.
 These Chinese have vowed to life clean ly and frugally and to abstain from gambling and opium smoking
 Tho two 1S-year-old girls are pioneers Of their sex among the students They ar
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
Burr-Hanilton Feud Is
 Recalled By Bank Merger

ital may be employed in any way not in- consistent with the laws of the constitu- ton of the United States or of the state of New York"
 The Senate and House passed the bill expeditiously. few member even taking the time to read it. and none except those who were in the secret suspecting its real purpose. Burrs manipulation of this affair won him the favor of a few republican leaders, but cost him his for rner prestige, the people at that time having a chronic prejudice against banks. Four years laters, however, Ham iiton, unwilling to yield the slightest de- gree to his opponent, organized the Mer- chants National which opened for busi- ness next door to the Burr institution
 The Manhattan eompanys actual achievement in the water works field consisted of the sinking of a we'll 25 feet in diameter in what is now downtown New York. The water was pumped to a nearby reservoir and thence distributed through wooden pipes to few con- sumeTs. The dams and other projects provided in the charter were never con- structed. Occasionally excavators in lower Manhattan have dug up pieces of hollowed-out logs, mementos and gen. eration long past
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
By Assaciated Pres,


 New York, December 2z-Recollections of the political feud which resulted in the duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr at Weehawken, N. J., in 1894, nave been revived here by the merger of the Manhattan company and the Mer- chants National banks, two of the old est financial institutions in New York.
 For more than 115 years the two es- tablishments have dwelt side by side at 40 and i2 Wall street, and in 1882 they united in the construction of the new building which they have occupied jointly ever since. In the union of these once rival institutions the metropolis lose probably the last tangible trace of the most famous of early American antago- risms. Although the banks themselves have long since buried the hatchet," there was time when they were neigh bors in name only-when the mere sug- gestion of their getting together would have been dismissed as unthinkabie.
 Burr was elected to the New York leg stature in 17s7. when the state and city were controlled by Hamilton as the leader or the federalsts. Hamilton had helped to establish in New York a branch of the Bank of the United States. This was then the only banking institution in New York city. The institution was controlled, 50 the republicans led by Burr alleged, by the federalists, who were charged with using their financial powers for the furtherance of the federalist cause
 The political ambitions of the "little rtriguer'' at Albany caused him to de- sire to break through the banking ring which barred all anti-federalist banks from New York, and his opportunity came in 1799. Tn that year he introduced bill in the legislature which authorized the granting of charter to company which was ostensibly to be formed for the purpose of improving the water sup ply of New York city. The city then with a population of 50O00, had just passed through a severe epidemic and BurF's project quickly met with populas approval The real object of the Man haitian company was to supply republic ans with the sinews of war.
 Republican merchants, it was said, were diseriminated against by the feder- alist bank. whereas their federalist com petitors were freely accommodated when they sought funds to carry on their business. The adroitness which Burr employed to obtain charter was empha- sized by the fact that the federalists had a majority in the legislature Hence the omission of the word bank from the Manhattan company.
 The petition for the proposed "water works company stated that as it was not known how much capital would be required, the projectors did not want to risk failure by a deficiency of capital and. therefore, asked authority to raise s2,C00, 96 Inserted in the charter was a provision of Burr's that the surplus cap
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
FORD EMPLOYES
 ATTEND FORD SCHOOL
Four Story School Building Used En- tirely for Americanization and
 Vocational Studies

The enrolment of the Ford Motor company's Americanization and voca- tional school in Detroit has passed the 5000 mark. There are four courses available to Ford men-the English course, trade school, service course and toolmakers' school A four-story, 30- room building is occupied almost en- tirely by the educational activities or the Ford Motor company, which teaches English to it's foreign born employees. which teaches it's service men the proper method of repairing the Ford car. that makes toolmakers out of the worlnen who show their desire to advance, and takes boys under 16 whose parents can no longer send them to school and gives them a combina tion of general schooling and toolmak- ing or other trade for which the boy shows a liking. This latter part of the school is known as the Henry Ford Trade school, ana is regularly incor porated under the Michigan laws as private school.
 On entering this school the boys are granted an annual scholarship of s400, which is paid them in bi-monthly in stallments and helps to support them while learning a trade. Provision is also made for increasing this scholar ship as the boys progress and attain higher marks in class room work and shop practice.
 Besides the four general courses are number of special courses, for fore men. for men whose work requires their having a Knowledge of metals, and teachers training school All of the teachers in the Ford school are Ford men. men who because of some especial fitness or because of their ability, coupled with an understanding of the "help the other fellow" spirit, have been called to the work of teach ing other Ford men, Tn all there are 75 teachers in the Ford school. which $ more than the ordinary high school employs.
 II must not be inferred that those nen who are learning trades do all of heir learning in the school They do not. Periodically so many times a the theory, but the experience they gain from actual work in the factory. Practice and theory proceed together, and all of the time the students, be they men or boys, are working on ac- tual parts for Ford machinery or the Ford car, and they are being paid the regular wage.
 Adjoining the school yard is the Ford athletic field, where there are 16 ten- his courts. baseball fields, a skating pond football grounds, together with considerable gymnasium apparatus.
 The Ford system of Americanization has many times received the common dations of prominent educators for it's practicabilty and effective results.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
.SCOUTEN LEAVES FOR ANNUAL MOTOR
 SHOW IN NEW YORK

E. l.. Scouten, well known locally as manager of the Birmingham Motor company. left today for Atlanta. where many Buick dealers are gathering for trip to the New York show. which opens January g.
 A private car has been chartered and the party, to large extent will be kept intact for the entire trip. There is nothing like a trip To the show to keep man in touch with the automo- bile business" said Mir. Scouten in speaking of his trip yesterday There one gets in intimate touch with manu- facturer, jobber. dealer and consumer; all of the latest accessories are shown. the new models arc all seen in direct comparison with each other. Best of all how ever, is the fact that by meet ing men from all over the country who have had opportunity during the ? months past to try out all cars and lind their candid opinion"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28

was an emergency method adopted by the Paige Detroit Motor Car company during the recetnt coal crisis. which made it possible to obviate a complete shutdown,
 The Paige was the first of compara- lively few big Detroit plants that con tinued to turn out cars and keep a large force of men at work throughout th;s period.
 When it became known that the Paige plant could operate only to the extent of two fifths of its normal cur rent consumption, plans were hastily made to equip.a number of Six mo tors and transmissions with the neces- sary attachments to connect with the various machinery units
 Within 24 hours the battery of mo- tors was fitted with pulleys, placed in position, belted to the overhead shaft ing and ready to go. On the day that government restriction on soft coal went into effect. the emergency power plant was put into operation and for the entire period kept the Paige fac tory in operation.
 In spite of pulling capacity load at speed of 500 revolution. day after day, the "6-5jr motors performed 100 per cent efficiency, making 1t possl- blc for the company to keep al Work.
 Undoubtedly the use of passenger car and other gasoline motors as emer- gency power units throughout the country was the means of saving many millions of dollars to wage workers, says w. A Wheeler, factory manager of the Paige company Tt is splen- did tribute to American ingenuity and resourcefulness that thousands of fac~ tories were able to switch over to gas oline power almost over night. It means that if 1t becomes necessary at some future time to meet similar emergency the experience of the recent situation will be invaluable to indus trial America in planning for such Arn.a
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-12-28
GERMANY STILL
 HAS CENSORSHIP

Berlin, December 7.--At last the naked truth is out, officially confirmed. Ger many still has a censorship with Is head quarters for testing letters, and 10 for examining them. Government officials say "the activity of the testing head quarters consists in controlling the for eign correspondence of German business firms" though the chambers of com