davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-24


Mayor and Unexpectedly received his
present appointment.
Ready to Quit
Time and again DR.. Copeland has
intimated his readiness to give up
the job Of Health Commissioner
When the armistice was signed
he sent in his resignation to
the Mayor, but it was torn up. As
soon as he prepared to get out,
some pressing question arose, and
although the possibility of his resig-
nation has been revived, he wants
TO see the drug question on a firmer
basis before he returns to his pri-
vate practice, which, by the way, is
much more remunerative and less
arduous than his present work.
Dr. Copeland is a picturesque
figure. It is sometimes said of him
that he is too affable to be a hard
working man. AS matter of fact,
those who watch him most closely
know that he is one Of the busiest
officials in New York; that he works
early and late; that his luncheon
usually consists of sandwich
snatched about o'clock in the
afternoon; and that he is always
ready to do favor and hear the
petitions of all and sundry. During
the "fu" epidemic he did not have a
meal in his home for two weeks.
He is one of those men who think
it takes no more time to be courte-
Gus and friendly than it does to be
rude and brusque. He has a warm
handshake for every one and an all
enveloping friendliness that sends
his visitor away happy even if he
hasn't got what he wanted. Fine
address and a certain richness of
personality make him generally
popular. He is at his best on the
platform. But he has sufficient
force Of character to make many
enemies, and his path as Health Com
missioner has not been a smooth
one, chiefly because Of his habit Of
SCATTERING precedent and going
ahead impetuously with whatever
measures he thought necessary.
He has had versatile career. His
father, Roscoe p. Copeland. is
Mayor of Dexter, Mich, and
president of the Board of Education
there. Young Royal started out by
selling in store in Chelsea, Mich.
That bored him so he turned
to the livelier occupation of teach
ing in a little country school. He
earned the magnificent sum of $3s
a month This was decided advance
on the time when he had been vii
lage lamplightcr and store clerk. In
1889 he was graduated with distinc-
ton from the medical department
Of the University Of Michigan, al
Ann Arbor. Then he took post
graduate courses in medicine, spe-
cializing in ophthalmology in Eng
lish, German, Swiss, French anc
Belgian universities. He is consid
cred a brilliant and daring opera
tor on the eye. In 1901 he was
elected Mayor of Ann Arbor. He
was called to the deanship of the
New York Homeopathic Medica
College in 1908. When America en-
tered the war he organized the
Flower Hospital unit and was eager
to go to France, but was requested
to stay, as he was one of the mer
who could be more useful at homo
And so it proved. II for nothing
else, he will be remembered, whes
he finally relinquishes office, as thu
man who put New York in the fore
front in the fight against drug ad
diction. There are other thing
to his credit, but this, perhaps, wa
his most unique achievement. III
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-24

cess many other breeding establish
ments came to life in Poland and
Southern Russia.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-08-24

When asked why the Socialists
of Germany and Austria Hungary,
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

from the largest 'Dreadnaught' down
to the smallest patrol boat. are 70
be found officers and men Of the Mer-
chant navy who have combined with
those of the Royal navy In fighting
the enemy and defeating hts nefaricus
methods Of warfare at sea-
Rear-Admiral w. S. Sims. for two
years in command OF the United
States naval. forces in European
waters. has said:
without the British Merchant
Marine, our army and navy would
have been helpless"
Since tho surrender Of the German
fleet the tension at sea has been re-
moved. The sailors face only the old
familiar terrors OF storm and icc-
bergs, collision and shipwreck. The
menace OF the mine and submarine
has passed. let US hope forever And
as the sailors 30 about their tasks.
in their accustomed way. there is no
boasting. They talk little OF the
things they have been through. bus
each man sleeps well, for he knows
that he has done his part and tacitly
understands that. after all. that was
what every one expected he would
do.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

Of which the people Of my own coun-
try had almost escaped. Europe is
binding up its wounds. The life
blood Of war sacrifice has just ceased
to flow. and the blood Of industrial
national life was not yet in circula-
ton. resolved to get away from it
all and think it out by myself, before
] formed an opinion upon which to
base my own Judgment Of the future
of Europe. Today see new vision.
do not forget the difficulties which
are all too apparent. but ! am better
able to measure their Importance
and l see world which has been
desperately i'll entering the first
stages of convalescenee and the peo-
pies of those countries which have
borne the brlnt Of the great struggle
preparing TO face future beset with
many difficulties, but filed with hope
for men OF courage and determine
ton. / cannot see with the eyes of
those pesslimists who do not discern
the silver lining to the clouds of Eu-
rope and | wonder If some of the
leaders of thought from this country,
who have painted so dark picture
Of the future Of Europe, had waited
for a clearer vision from the home
shores, whether they TOO would not
have seen brighter future.
Before the war. there lay fostering
in the worlds body some of its vital
organs inaamed by a. military
autocracy which fed upon the masses
OIL the people which are its life blood
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

care, after a fashion, of the new
burdens of peace. Coal may not be
plentiful and there will be less food
than Europe would like. but there
will be available for the uses of
peace an enormous quantity of coal
which has been burned by engines Of
war. and many acres and many
hands which have been absorbed in
war work will produce, even at first,
some measure of additional food.
The transportation which has carried
munitions and supplies to the armies,
and at the same time served the civil
population at home, will be devoted
solely to home requirements. It may
be inadequate, but it is there for use.
and can be and will be repaired and
expanded.
We have heard a great deal Of the
wastage Of war and it has been be-
yond description. 1t has seemed so
ever present and uncalled for that
we have sometimes forgotten that
there is wastage Of peace. and that
much Of that wastage has been saved
curing the war period. Europe has
frightened its belt, has patched its
clothing and has gone without many
Injuries and comforts which seemed
essential before the war. These
economies have not offset the waste
Of war. but that part of the energy
which was formerly engaged in pro-
ducing unnecessary Injuries could be
transferred to the product ion of
munitions without materially chang
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

gagged In the fishing industry. for the
incompatible service which they have
rendered during the war, making pos
sible and complete the victory which
is now being celebrated.
Tho work OF the Mercantile
Marine has been inseparably connect
ed with that OF the Royal navy. and
without the loyal cooperation OF the
former. the enemys submarine cam
paisn must inevitably have chieved
its object. The Mercantile Marine
from the beginning met this unpre-
domitable courage. magnificent en-
danger and death, factors which the
ana which went far towards defeat
ing his object.
IA no small measure. also. has
the success achieved against the sub
marine been due to the interest taken
by owners In the defensive equipment
of their ships, and to the ability, 10y
atty and technical skill displayed by
| masters and officers in carrying out
admiralty regulation, which, though
tending to the safety of the vessels
from submarine risks, enormously in
creased the strain and anxiety Of ma
vigation. The loyal Observance OF
! these precautions has been the more
| commendable since the need for abso-
lutte secrecy. on which safety largely
! depended. has prevented the reason
| for their adoption being In all cases
disclosed.
ION board our ships OF every type
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

$40, 900 tons remaining in the feet;
more than 100000 troops carried: 1875
officers of various ranks attached to
the navy; So decorations gained by
those officers.
Bpt not all the credit Is due to the
crews OF the great liners Without
the protection and aid afforded them
by the large fleets of patrols and mine
swccpers, their losses would have been
far heavier At the beginning there
wore a scant dozen ships employed
o. patrol duty and as mine swenp-rs.
but at the end of the war there were
$500, The energy and courage. in
difference to danger and endurance
of exposure of the men on the traul-
ers and fishing smarcks might fur
nish inspiration for nobler volume
OF tales of the sea than ever vet has
been written.
Accustomed as they were to danger
from storm, Injured to cold and all
the discomforts of life on small
craft, the men >of the fishing fleet
without murmur or complaint. faced
the new perils of the mine and sub
marine, of capture and of death with
a superb Indifference. a nonchalant
heroism. worthy of the best traditions
of the many generations of brave men
who have gone down to the sea In
ships"
In addition to the thousands OF
British seamen who lie at the bottom
ri the ocean as q result OF the bar
barous submarine warfare instituted
IS the Hun. more than 1000 were
made prisoners. Since the signing of
the armis,ioe most of the prisoners
have been repatriated a few seem
veil. but most of them show unmis-
taxable signs of bodily waste, OF NAL
nutrition. fatigue and mental suffer
ing. They are inclined to be un-
communicative about all they went
through during the period of their
imprisonment, reminding one in this
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

This appendix has been cut out. The
operation has beer painful and cost
ly, but as the nations Of Europe 60
hack to work the outstanding fact is
that the operation has been success
full and the patient is beginning to
recover The life blood Of a new hope
is circulating and the masses Of
Gods people face n future in many
lands of greater hope. Convalescence
may be slow. for the world has been
very i'll. but the period Of recon
struction begins with empty shelves
and a demand from every quarter
for the product Of the worlds in
dustry. The repairing Of the ravages
of war means opportunity for labor
and the people who have fed and
clothed themselves and their armies
in the field, during a death struggle
lasting more than four years, will
find the coal. the food and the trans
portation to take care q their i'm
mediate peace needs. They will be
able to repair and extend the ma
chinery Of trade to meet the de-
mands of peace. If we were to re-
turn to pre-war conditions over
night, the battered machinery of Eu-
rope could not function, but the re-
turn will be gradual. During the re-
construction of industry and the re-
building of transportation, there
must be shortage and congestion, but
the facilities which have borne all
the burdens of war will not pass out
Of existence and will be able to take
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08
Future Filled With Hope
fer Men of Courage"
Says Irving 7. Bush.
Shelves. of the Worlds
Shops Are Empty: There
Is Opportunity fer Those
Who Are Willing to
Work"

Irvsss r. BssA of New York.
srAo - boy m h,s .ee-s a qrarfc-
Of . eests,y ago. Inherited tno hnn-
bred seres Of caesnt land upon
rAseA he bsat the giant Bash Te--
"inat properties. has just returned
from Europe where he uas ertead-
ing hi export plane. Mr.. Bush,
noted a. . man Of broad rision, is
NOT pessinaistic oper the future. Ar
IN earnest Of his belief IN Europe
prcgress. Mr.. Bush has selected a
site for Bssh Terminal Iaterna-
s'o~al Ssles Building in London and
css ~ Paris. These. like the huge
th'rty-story BG.h Terminal Sale,
BsAdiag IN Times Square, Nese
York, mill be International market
places for the buyers of the world.
Editorial ~ote.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

respect of the survivors of the In
dian mutiny, most of whom evaded
any questions about it. But the real
story of their sufferings is written
indelihly on their faces and in their
wasted bodies and saddened eyes.
And some of the men who escaped
men who have been torpedoed four
five er even six times, signed up again
TO carry oI--if necessary, even to
death. They are men of the kind
Kipiing well may have had in mind
when he wrote;
We have strawed our best to the
weeds unrest
TIC the shark and the sheerng gull
II blood be the price of Admiralty
Lord God, we ha' paid in full"
AS to the wonderful way the Brit
ish sailor has met the submarine men
ace. ~ Mcnamara said before the
house of commons:
There has been nothing finer in
the war--a war crowded with deeds
of heroism-than the quiet. uncon-
cerned way in which the officers and
men of 1he Merchant service have
gone about their ordinary avocation.
undeterred by the hidden menace of
submarine and mine. Yet, for many
weary months. British merchant ships
put 10 sea unarmed, and entirely at
the mercy of their ruthless enemy"
Although the world at large has
been slow to learn of the true value
1t the service rendered by the men
of the merchant marine. that service
has not been wholly without official
recognition. King George has APP
proved OF 4 special war medal being
granted 10 all Masters, officers and
seamen OF the Mercantile Marine for
services performed in the danger
zones during the war" In doing so
the king said
1T will be an outward and visible
sign of the empires gratitude for
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08
|Z1ke Wonderful C5u<szr offence
will help 1L Restorsafi~.

ing the economic conditions of the
world 1t is aleo true thut a grea.
part CT the war expenditures has
been circulated among the peoples Of
the countries at war through higher
wages, and much Of this has been
saved because it could not be spent
Money would not buy additional food
and Injuries upon wiiich it might
have been spent could not be secured
at any price.
The nations of Europe are burden
ed with great national debts. but in
some countries the masses Of the
people have reserve buying power
which did not exist before the war.
There are, Of course, many excep-
tions to this rule, but the people Of
England and France have more
money than formerly, even though
its buying power may not be as
great. We also sometimes forget
the fact that as wages are increased
IN a nation, the consuming power Of
that nation increases, for the in
creased wages quickly find their way
into circulation through the pur-
chase of added comforts and luxur-
les.
l recently read very gloomy de-
scription of the possible result Of the
increased wages in England and the
probability of England's inability to
compete in the export markets Of
the world. | will not attempt to
argue this contention. for the result
depends SO largely on conditions
which cannot be clearly foreseen at
the present time. I have great conf
dence in the sturdy common sense Of
the British people and the man who
prophesies that their own action will
be the means Of cutting off their
markets is likely to be without honor
as a prophet in any country. If the
wages in England remain at higher
level than before the war, as l am
sure every thinking man must be-
lieve they will, for it is undeniably
true, that English labor has been
desperately unpaid for generations,
the result of the higher wages will
be an increased demand among Brit
ish cubiects for the products of their
labor which will decrease the neces.
sity for an export market. The
wages in many industries in Eng
land have advanced several pounds a
week. Of course all of the popula-
ton of the British Isles is not en-
gagged in productive pursuits, but if
the average increase in wage should
amount to only $500 per week per
head. for all Of the population Of
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

the magnificent part they have played
in the salvation OF their country"
Nor was parliament wanting In its
appreciation of that same service. It's
sentiments, as voted in the house of
commons, were expressed as follows:
That the thanks of the house be
accorded tc the officers and men of
the Mercantile Marine for the devo-
lion to duty with which they have
continuec TO carry the vital supplies
to the allies through seas infested
with deadly perlls.
That this house doth acknowledge
Wit, grateful admiration the valour
and devotion of those who have offer
cd and so plentifully given. to the
service of their country and tenders
its sympathy to their. relatives and
/ friends in the losses they have su-
stoned"
Even the navy is ready and willing
! to acknowledge that without the aid
| of its sister fleet, the Merchant
Marine, the war could not we'll have
been won. Admiral Beatty and Ad-
miral Jellicoe are outspoken in their
sh,Ts
| ADMIRAL Beatty has said:
/ 'DurinS the war a great number
cf officers and men of the Merchant
ssrTice entered voluntarily into the
| life of the fleet. Their services have
been invalua BILE. and their spirit in
| facing hardships and discomforts has
shown that POSSESSION OF the sea in
stirct Ivy the copies OF the island is
notsa fancy OF imaginative writes; 1t
is a priceless heritage"
Admiral Iei.icoe apparently fore
seen "A closer relationship between
the two great branches of Britain g
seap,wer as n result OF the war.
| No onn knows," he says, better
than d. the wonderful and magpifi-
| cent services rendered by the Mer-
! chant Marine The navy and Mer-
camille Marine have never before been
! brought sc close together. and know
that SO far as the navy Is concerned
the result Of this intimate friend
ship during the years of peril has
been feeling of intense admiration
for the officers and men OF me Mer-
chant Marine"
But the strongest acknowledgment
comes from the highest naval source
of all, the admiralty itself 1t Is a
trioute which well might be dis
playe4 in the chart room OF every
merchant snip in the empire. It says
to the Merchant Service Guild:
COR the occasion of the first meet
ing Of the board of admiralty after the
signing of the German armistice, their
lordships desire. on behalf of the
Royal navy, to express their admira-
ton and thanks to the owners. mas
tiers. officers and crews of the British
Mercantile Marine, and to those en-
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08
7Tz Redce> Couzeneuce LozGac,rS
O7Lan0cz Cle1zeuceau ard UIizrozl. =

is behind las. We know the wors!
and for the first time in FIVE yeags
the world can begin to make It,
There will be labor d'fIic uit:es and
capital will have troubles of it. own.
Reform will be discussed on all siege
and we all know that there were
many conditions before the war
which were sadly in need of reform.
Out Of it all, progress is being made
every day. It is difficult to recognize
it day by day, but rs We look back il
will loom large. Labor needs a few
headaches to understand capital, and
capital a few backaches to UNDER
stand labor, while reform needs to
get its hair cut to understand either.
Out Of it all better civilization and
n better understanding among the
people Of the world viii come. Tho
relative importance Of nations viii
change as they have changed many
times in the past. Nations grow old
and lose their vitality just as do in
dividuals, and the young nation Of
today will in turn be outstripped BY
some child Of the future. The fact.
remains that the war is over, the
shelves Of the worlds shops are
empty and there 10 opportunity for
those who are willing to work. re-
peat, it is time for courage and
hope and optimism and it il good to
be an American, for this is Americas
day. We have been struggling.
through our boyhood. and have
reached mans estate. Today Amer
lea takes her place in the world, full
Of power and energy. and able to as
sumo its share in the burdens of the
family Of nations. &C.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-08-08

"A good deal has been said about
the services OF the army ana navy
during the period Of the war. They
have been truly magnificent. but II
the Lalm Of victory is to be claimed
~ any body of men. then, in my opin-
ion. those are the men of the Mer-
chant Marine.
In ali weathers, with convoy or with
out convoy, and their fran craft
mere cockleshells compared with
ships Of the navy--were the special
prey OF the submarine.
They were hunted ruthlessly by
nigh. and by day. and never once
haa there teen a case OF merchant
hip held up through fear.
Further. II was the Merchant
Marine which settled the food ques
tion-nothing else. like, too, TO
think OF the fearless men of the
srawlers and mine sweepers who
mas, It possible for the ships OF war
10 b. comparatively safe at sea Those
men risked their lives every hour of
the day"
Sir Joseph Maclay. the British con-
trcller Of shipping. whom l have
quoted in the above paragraph, knows,
m few other men can know. Of the
siEemendous part played in the war by
she british merchant seamen and the
Freat debt which not only the Eng
lish people, but the United States
and AL Of the allied powers as well,
nwe to those sturdy mariners who
Kept the sea-lanes open during the
conflict
II is . debt that never can be
paid in full. although l understand
that there has been launched in New
4 VAPk Hvnv hEafa6 hx ~
American, Mr.. William Fl Appleton
r1-k Rear-Admirai W. S. Sims chair
ran of its honorary committee. to
raise a fund Of $50, 1000 600 as Amer
icas tribute to British merchant sea-
men.
Highly ccramendable as such a
r 7venient is and far-reaching as it's
s'S1 fets must he in drawing more close
s together the two great English
speaking peoples, its benefits cannot
81 :iei the thousands OF British sea
pien who simply and courageously.
with no thought OF glory or reward.
lail down their lives in defense of The
sfycedon of the sea But IL can aid
-fife Esins. those who escaped death
St.rly a. return to their homes. MAIN ed
md broken men--30 900 OF them
$sEnable to answer again the call of
The sea think, therefore. that as
s am in an exceptionally favorable
Y position for knowing the truth Of
these matters. | may be permitted
~ tell NV American friends Of the
work Of these heroic civilian seamen.
tTito neither wore uniforms nor re-
S-A4ye1 medals nor citations for yalor
- Just tribute was paid to these
sFaGr IN the LEWIS dispatches printed
IA the United States recently descrih
I'M J<ppdor's victory march. A para
sefApn described a contingent OF the
sXsrnde rs Z, .ews:
zE I0F men we're not in Uniform:
SSAneir ranks were irregular; they were
S4seadAd BY ,.ade union banner. they
%1yensec merely to shuttle aie. z We,
- were ren who had done ag
kgNach for falkland as the guards at
ka!4Me AfN battle Of Ypres. and had
1A9Nn - Cod self-sacrifcinr cour
SN~ p any man who had ever won
szlaa Victory Cross. They were mem
- ~. National 6ailors' and Fire.