The Knoxville independent. [volume] (Knoxville, Tenn.) 1894-current, 1919-04-05
Hungary IN Grip OF Boisheylsnsl
and Other Parts Of Central
Europe In Ferment. \
PEACE DELEGATES STARTLED
spsed Up Work on the Treaty, Which
Germans Say They VIII Net Sign
---Lsague Of Natlens Covenant
Belmw Amended.
nv HOWARD W. p,ckARp.

Matters In Europe last week moved
swiftly toward a climax. Bolshevism
was gathering Itself for its greatest
efforts, and made start in that way
that alarmed the civilized world. IL
fastened its clutches on Hungary, OF
at least on the government and on
Budapest, the capital, and soviet rule
was established In place Of the repue-
lie that was headed By Count Karolyi.
Revolution broke out IN Galicia, start
ing In the oil districts: soviet gOvs;
eminent was set up, the LemberB
soviet declared 3 general strike, ana
Polish troops sent to combat the rev.
olution Joined In the movement. Be@
sarabia was proclaimed q republic ana
Its directorate began military operas
lions against Rounania's army, de-
feating q part Of it. The Bessarablsn
movement undoubtedly was directed
by the Russian bolsheviki and support
ed by the Ukrainians, the idea being
to establish communication between
Moscow and Budapest BY breaking
through Houmania. Efforts to tura
Czecho-Sl ovakia and German Austria
over to the bolsheviki have been %
far unsuccessful.
Frank critics Of the peace confer
ence lay the blame for much OF this
on those idealists who undertook to
remodel the entire world and bring
about the millennium at once In.
stead Of first making peace and per
hitting the belligerent nations to re-
sumo the ordered activities Of civil.
lied existence. That the gentlemen
gathered In Paris have recognized
their error IL apparent in their present
haste to complete the peace treaty
and have It signed. They will, accord
ing to reports at the time Of writing
include in the treaty formal state~
ment concerning the league Of nationss
because Germany will be required by
the treaty to surrender her colonies
to manufactures Of the proposed
league, but IL is not unlikely that the
adoption of the full constitution Of the
league will be deferred. The first
treaty, which was being considered
last week by Wilson. Lloyd George.
Clemenceau and Orlando, it was said.
was sufficiently firm In its terms to
insure lasting peace. would simplify
the international food problem and
pave the way for industrial and
financial reconstruction. The princi-
pal aims Of the proposals under con-
slderation were: ~ To insure ample
security for the future protection Of
France, especially on her eastern
frontier: (2) TO establish strong
Italy, with a formidable northern bar
rier against aggression; t3) to create
a strong Poland; az to found a league
of nations pledged. on material 90
well as moral grounds to the preser-
walton of world peace.
The big four" as they are called
in Paris, were said to have decided to
make peace with all four Of the enemy
nations at once. This plan presents
some difficulties, one Of the least Of
which is the fact that the United
States never was at war with Turkey
and Bulgaria. Most troublesome win
be the fair assessment Of the pre-wxY
debts OF those two nations and Of
'Austfia-H ungary among the various
provinces. and the fixing of the
boundaries they must accept.
Il ID believed Germany's new bound.
aries have been virtually fixed by the
peace delegates. though nc announce.
ment has been made. A financial
commission has been working fast to
ssttis the reapportfonn1ent Of Ger
nany's public debt, the question ee