davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

About 15,000 head of cattle are milk cows supplying milk and cream for two creameries located at Selma which in
 turn market butter; condensed milk and cream in the principal cities of half dozen southern states. In order
 to take care of this ever increasing milk supply, one of the creameries is
 now installing modern machinery for
 converting milk into powdered form
 In 1909 Dallas county boasted 34.000 hogs; but this number now has grown
 to approximately 100000 and the "old
 razor back" which was the favorite
 breed in those days, has given way to
 the Duroc Jersey; Big Bone Poland China: Berkshires and Hampshire with pedigrees as long as the Moral law.
 As an illustration of the new era of live stock in Dallas county, it Is hard to find a country home without several live stock journals and a knowledge of pedigrees, which even goes to the youngsters. Several days ago I visited a country home, residence of what we have heretofore considered a back ward farmer, and was being shown around by young gentlemen less than ten years old. After taking me to the barns, pig lots and pastures he told me, T want to take you over
 to the paddock and show you the finest bull in Dallas county, a descendent of
 
 the milk record for the world"
 In order to feed these immense herds. more than one hundred modern silos have been constructed throughout the county and these immense structures
 are now being filled with thousands of tons of green corn and sorghum, while storage barns are being cleared and constructed to take care of the i'm
 mense crop of velvet beans; pea vine and peanut hay and moving machines and baling presses keep everybody in the black land section of the county preparing Johnson grass and alfalfa hap for feed and for market.
 Ten years ago there was market in Selma only for cotton, while today the merchants and manufacturers will buy all of the dairy products grain, hay; peanuts; velvet beans, peas and other staple crops raised by the farmers of the surrounding section. While there Is no large market for potatoes, ar engagements are under way for the operation of a potato house in a very short while.
 Good roads radiate from Selma in every direction. and with the modern conveniences such as automobiles. farm water works; lighting plants; tele- phones. etc, country life in Dallas county has lost it's old time Lonesome ness" Rural schools are institutions that Dallas county is well proud of Good roads and automobiles have made consolidated graded schools a possi- bility and in line with it's usual pro-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31
The Famous Black Soil
 Lime Belt of Alabama

discing and narrowing every third year; occasionally allowing it to reseed, how ever, gives it a much better result. John son grass produces from one-half to one ton of hay per cutting and is usually cut three times per year; is now selling for S26 per ton f. o. b. cars. Chemical an alysis show it to be higher in protein than Timothy. and those who have fed both prefer the Johnson grass hay. John son grass farms in the black belt have paid for themselves in one year at above prices.
 In February, 1918, J. NJ. Darter of Nicholsville. Scott county. Virginia, bought an s75-acre farm at $40 per acre. He has cleared from this farm in l2 months sl1,ooo; produced 275 to 300 tons of No. 1 hay at s25 per ton; 5000 bushels of oats weighing SS pounds per bushel, several thousand bushels of corn. about 50 bales of cotton. sold 700 tons of oat straw for s7O0. Also shipped from Vir- ginia two carloads of mules which he sold to neighboring farmers. Sold about $400 worth of eggs, turkeys and chickens. His postoffice is at Hazen. Ala MT. Darter has refused s65 per acre for his farm and says it is not for sale,
 One can recite many more instances or such profits in this section These farms improved and unmproved, according to location and soil fertility, are selling from St2 50 to s125 per acre. Numbers of farms have changed hands recently at above prices.
 good opportunity for permanent home or for an investment lies here in the black soil lands of central Alabama
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

The black soil lime lands of Dallas
 and the adjoining counties are being
 brought up rapidly by experienced and
 successful stockmen from almost every
 one of the eastern, middle western and
 northern states
 Attention to Alabama and Mississippi
 attracted a few stockmen as far back
 as 20 years a few bought, and gradually
 the buying of these lands has become an everyday occurrence, not in one section, but from one end of the belt to the other. Cotton, which 10 years ago dominated as the one crop. has been superseded by the lime land owners with splendid stock. cattle, hogs and quite a few sheep, and they are making more money than at any time during their farming career; in fact, we are growing into one of the greatest cattle countries in the south. taking into consideration the cheapness Of the really excellent lands, our nine
 months grazing on splendid pastures, our very mild winters plenty of good water and temperate climate the year around. A prominent Kentuckian told me a few days ago that he could put fat on cat tie here cheaper than in any place he was ever in. And many of them will say the same thing.
 Our lands are rolling enough for perfect
 drainage, with the exception of the bot tom lands which need good ditching, W of from four to six feet in width and from two to four feet deep. This work generally has been done, but often the ditches need reopening.
 We are growing successfully alfalfa, crimson and burr clover the vetches, Johnson grass hay, corn, oats, peas, some
 wheat, and some are experimenting with rye and barley, the velvet beans, which is a great crop for the south leguminous, a soil builder and of very fine feeding value, the soy or sofa bean, which do extremely well, and many varieties of peas, which are in great demand Pea nuts do well in the loam lands and are money crop, We have splendid orch ards of peaches and pears, and a few ap- ples. though apples have never had much attention given them. I merely outline
 the possibilities here to give you some idea of the country
 Land has been bought by men from Kentucky, Virginia, Iowa, Ohio, Tennes- see, New York and many other of the | northern and western states, and with l out an exception they are highly pleased ! and making their investments pay; be- sides, the lands are advancing in value 1 right along.
 | Alfalfa will cut from four to six times per year, and will produce from half | to one ton per acre per cutting, accord | ing to the stand and the richness of the l soil. Melllotus and sweet clover do quite as well as Johnson grass, our native hay, which needs no reseeding; but stools | from the roots needs light blowing or
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31
SELMA ROTARY CLUB

Selma was one of the first cities in Alabama to become interested in Rotary: but is was the policy of the International association at that time not to establish clubs in cities of less than 10000 people. and when Selma s application for Rotary club was filed the International secretary stated that Selma was too small The committee wrote him that if that was the only defect that it would be remedied m- medif tely, and on March 31st, 1916 the Selni. Rotary club was duely organized as 6 member of the International asso- cit.tiol
 Although the club is only little over three years old, it has made itself felt in Rotary affairs and has entertained the district conference with delegates representing the states of Georgia, Flo rida. Alabama, Cuba and Porto Rico, and has secured the office of district governor for it's first president. MT. Truman l.. McGill. State Senator, J. B. Ellis is president and under his leader ship the club will have many accom- : plishments to it's credit during the next year.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

 I The unco guld of New England bought ~and stole blacks from the eastern Afri- Can coast and sold them in Alabama. tOf course the settlers in Alabama bought them. Not only were they val uable labor but it was an act of char jtv to take them from the thin-lipped New England trader who regarded them as cargo much the same as a skipper from Polynesia would today cargo of copra.
 Land was cleared. cotton was planted, the river trade became great; whites and blacks alike were well off; for if the white had the onas of property the black had the algis of protection; the former might go bankrupt, the latter was always sure of home. sufficient to eat. medical care something to spend and \ q decent funeral.
 How much more had Carnegie? By 1920 the village had so grown that 'it was formally incorporated as the City O. Selma and-as the insistent throng < from Europe kept pushing up the naviga- {ible waterways, and spreading out over tthe black belt of land-it grew so. that l1S25 when General Lafayette revisited AAmerica he visited Selma, saying to the cdty fathers: Your motto should be-. 'Je saisis que je pourrais.
 Ehat means: T take what 1 can.'
 They must have been impressed by General Lafayette for they have done it ever since-not by stealth, not by fraud but by development of their tributary country and their city, until today the people of Selma, still mainly Jewish and Scotch descent, have a city of 10000 souls, which is not only a great whole sale city, and manufacturing city, but a city with wide streets, reminding one of Salt Lake City (streetS all guarded by wide-spreading trees), with trolley lines with modern hotels, with four swimming baths, with country club whose links border on the Alabama so that a caddie can swim after floater; with churches
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

gress, the Dallas county board of edu- cation has quickly taken advantage or these conditions, and every central point in the county there is now a school with all the advantages of those of a populous community. Com munity life is usually built up around these schools and there are in this county number of community clubs which act ford city. These activl- ties have been of wonderful benefit to the nation in it's every war campaign and will be of still greater use Tn de- velopment of the section.
 Dallas county, with it's diversity or soils presents a wonderful opportunity to the home seeker who is interested in almost any kind of agriculture, while the city of Selma has opening for variety of industries. and investors will be welcomed and given every reason able assistance by the chamber of com merce.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

That's what Selma is doing today just smiling The wholesalers sm,le The retailers smile. The manufactur- CTS smile-they should have more of thenl-smile The farmers have per haps the happiest smile of all, and the writer wishes that so.e of the sob sis- ters up north could have seen the smiling negro farmers who throng ed the streets last Saturday.
 Selma has a right to smile; she has had her griefs, and verily-regarding the faces of her Confederate veterans today-she must have worn that smile in the deepest diversity. Once when the writer was a child, in New Or leans, an old Frenchman told him that the Mississippi river had a soul. 50 has Selma. Jews and Scots alike fought for states rights on many q farflung battlefield. and but few of he own sons were there when, on Apri. 2, 1865, the few old men who were left had to surr ender to the fed eral army under General Wilson.
 The federals burned the business dis trict
 In 1906 an earthquake started a fire in San Franciso which burned the business district and more. The writer was there.
 San Francisco four years thereafter was better and more beautiful than before the fire. because all the world helped to put her on her feet.
 Selma, Ala, poor Selma, had no friends save herself and her soul. That is to say. that Scotch and Jewish citi- zenship of hers.
 She went through reconstruction days In modern slang, Huff ced.'
 Today Selma is perhaps the most typical old-time southern city, al- though Mayor Bemish says not. Yet he says that half heartedly, for a few seconds after he points with pride to new street work he points with great CT pride to a cannon ball hole in co., umn made by the federals when trey
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31
WHY SELMA SMILES

Although reconstruction days, ill- advised guarantee of railroad bonds and a defalcation saddled Selma with debt which in 1889 was over S6oO,OO0, careful financing has reduced it to $51,- 900 and by the end of 1920 1t will have been wiped out. The statement of it's assets and liabilities shows excess as sets over liabilities of $201,S1i.94 in- cluding equipment values.
 Selma is connected with Pensacola by a direct line of railroad, with Mobile by two lines and with New Orleans by three, besides which the Alabama river is open to navigation the year round.
 The Selma Creamery buys thousands of gallons of sweet milk and manuftc- lures daily 1,S00 pounds of butter, 400 gallons of ice cream. 500 gallons of condensed milk and 200 gallons of but termilk.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31
|SELMAANDDALLASCO ASCOUNTYJEWELSIN
Some History of Scotch and Jewish Pioneers Whose Work Is Carried on by Their Descend ants, and IsMaking Selma Center of
 Remarkable Development
By COLONEL ~HIGHpocKETs-

30-(Speca)-When World Atlantic settled first along the of the navgable
 Alabama peraventure doubt that of the worlds wanderers looking something beyond) Alabama bluff with old English their stayed located built log store sent follow farmed vd prospered and they and their relatives and end the of the dominant people of Selma, Aa today Selma nothing their ve it doubtful if they had Now Saxon girl who will do house until the Domestics Union nveigles her.
 Scotch, Jewish thrive Glasgow and has of Q Palestine Having landed and made up their mnds owland Scotch
 
 the future wholesale center of Southern Alabama of those ladies kits settlement "Mooes Landing
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

bf all denominations, two Y. M. c. A. buildings, one, the first built in the South; with hospitals an sanitariums, with everything that in these days and times goes to make life pleasant and profitable. Until few years ago Dallas county, of which Selma is the county seat, was the banner cotton county of the state of Alabama.
 Then came the boil weevil.
 Did these descendants of Scots and Jews despair? Not so you would notice it.
 To stranger in Selma for day or
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

freed the negroes to be assimilated
 in Washington and Chicago"
 There is only one fault to be found with Selma. She is self-sufficient. Who can blame her? Everyone is comfortable many are rich. There are no poor. The mayor had to order
 the Salvation Army out of town be-
 cause they had no visible local ou-- put for their collections. The Selma creamery man did not wish any men tion made of his enterprise for fear that it might bring in a competitor. And so on.
 Dallas county, Alabama, IS just on
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

two they seem an easy-going. somewhat lethargic lot of people, but they are not
 Selma Is like Riverside, Cal. It has more well-to-do people in proportion to population than any other city in the state. who own land throughout Dallas county.
 When Mr. Boil Weeyil began to di- minish their bank accounts they calm ly readjusted themselves. bought some of the finest pedigreed stock. horses, cattle, sheep and hogs in the world. put their land into feed for the same and smiled.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-08-31

| the threshold of it's livestock prosper ity. In a few years from now there will be a creamery at ever strateS sic poin. in the county. just as there are now in California and Oregon. There will be large packing house iii SelmN She will have docks on the river. and the pleasant nine-hole links will be covered with cottages and the Moores and the Lewis will pull for the eighteenth hole somewhere outside Of the limits of the city of 5o,ooo popuia- tion. Selma Ala
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04

The tunic skirt and the straight
line, and the ehemise dress have had a
long reign. But now they bid fair to
be displaced, beautiful as they are, by
fitted lines, the full hip and skirt, pan
nier and other draperies that look to
the period Of Louis XIV for inspiration,
and to the time of the Second Empire.
Changes in styles from present lines
to those for fall promise to be radical
They are in the experimental stage
just now; but designers are drawing
upon=many sources and times for ideas
and presenting entirely new creations
that have many allurements besides
that OF newness, to compel success for
them.
The Directoire influence is the dom
inant feature in the odd costume for
afternoon, pictured above. 1t has a
plain skirt made OF fibre silk appar-
emily IN an irregular brOcaded pattern,
and-yes-a redingote OF satin entire
" covered with a scroll pattern OF silk
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04
PEDIGREE is NOT ESSENTIAL
Officials of Department of Agriculture
Are Trying TO Eliminate
Inferior Animals.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of AgTicuIture.)
Thousands of purebred scrubs are
scattered through this country, accord
ing to hOg-extension men Of the United
States Department of Agriculture, who
are devoting their efforts to elimi-
mating inferior pedigreed animals.
This, they say, applies to ali kinds OF
live stock, but is perhaps more general
in the hog industry. Pedigrees are
necessary and valuable to the hog
breeder, yet the pedigree is the means
Of fooling a lot of farmers, particular
" those who are about to start into
the pure-bred hog business and who
have not had enough experience in
judging to select animals of good
standard type Buyers should not be
contented simply with pure-bred ami
mails, but should see in addition that
the animals they are about to pur'
chase have good quality, say the de
partmeDt hog specialists.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04
TEN WAYS TO PREVENT LOSS
First, Select Pure Breeds That lay
More and Larger EggScoIIect
Eggs Frequently.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment OF AgTiculture)
L Selecting pure breeds that lay
more and larger eggs. such as the
White Leghorns. WyandOttes. Ply
mouth Rocks, Rhode Island Reds. OrIS-
ingtons. etc
. Giving better care, food. and
shelter, with dry. clean. vermin-prOof
nests.
8. Confning males except in breed
ing season
4 Collecting eggs frequently, espe-
ciaIly in hot or muggy weather.
3. Storing eggs in a dry, clean. cool
place.
6. Using small and dirty eggs at
home
Z. Marketing frequently. with pro-
lection at all times from heat
8. Selling for cash on a basis OF
size and quality, loss or instead CT
cease count"
9. Using an attractive package.
10. Combining shipments as mat
ter OF economy.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04
'DOULIM NOTEC

Provide nest for each or hens.
Feed table and kitchen waste to the
hens
Gull out weak or slow growing
chicks
Give a light feed Of grain in the
morning.
Be sure chicks do not become
crowded.
Keep standardized poultry. It Is
more profitable.
Early Matched chicks live better.
grow better. and the puIIets make tan
and winter layers
Build substantial. comfortable pouI-
try houses, but make them as mex
pensive rs possible
Begin marketing the cockereIs as
soon as they weigh one pound or attain
marketable weight
When selling eggs to the country
merchant or cash buyer insist that the
transaction be on a quality basis.
Be sure the poultry house is dry and
free from drafts. but provide plenty
OF ventilation, especially in summer.
Eggs from stolen" nests should not
be marketed; they are OF unknown
age and quality and should be used az
/ home
Preserve eggs in the spring and
summer for use during the fail ana
winter when eggs are scarce and hisa
I In price
Mix which has stood around IN
til II Is dirty or 10 a certain extent
decayed should never be fed 20 fowls
OF chicks
If the roosting eOops with floors are
blocked up a few inches from Tils
ground the chicks can find shade IN
der them on hot days.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04
TRACTOR USEFUL FOR
FLOWING WHEAT LAND
Larger Number of Farmers USING
Machines This Year.
Main Objects Sought Are High Quail
ity of Work and Economy of Time
Greater Thought in Laying
Out Plans Needed.

prepared by the United States Depart
ment Of Agriculture.)
The tractor viii be used for blowing
wheat land this year by a larger num-
Der of farmers than ever before per-
haps The farmer who is using a
tractor for the first time will have to
solve a great many problems. And
many farmers who have used tractors
for one or more years have not yet
found the best way of avoiding all
the difficulties of tractor blowing.
The two main things to be cOnsid-
cred in tractor blowing, as in any other
kind of blowing, are high quality OF
work and economy of time. They are
somewhat harder TO attain with the
tractor than with horse pIows, or, to
put it more accurately, greater care
in planning is necessary to attain
them.
The initial problem is to lay out the
field in such a way as to attain two
fold result-a high-class job Of plow-
ing over the entire field with as little
use as possible of horse-drawn plows
in starting and finishing, and to con-
sumo as little time as possible in turn
ing and in running with the piOws out
of the ground.
To lay out a field exactly right for
tractor blowing is something of an en-
cheering feat, but the United States
department of agriculture has under
taken to simplify it as much as posi-
BILE. Bulletin 1O45, Laying Out Fields
for Tractor Flowing, contains dia-
grams of 13 ways of laying out fields.
Nine of these are methods in which
the pIows are lifted at the ends. The
other four are methods in which the
plows are left in the ground in going
across the ends. They are designed
for both rectangular and irregular
fields, and one or another of them will
be found adapted TO practically any
piece of ground that is to be plowed.
| The bulletin is free.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04

are present, however, it may be ad-
visable to go over the ground with a
disk harrow, pillow shallow and disk
again.
If wheat Is to follow cotton, the
stalks should be plowed under as soon
as picking can be finished and the
pIowing should be deep enough to bury
the stalks completely-that by way of
destroying the boil weevil. Disking or
narrowing is not advisable, as it I'M
earths the buried stalks. The land
should be frmed with a roller and the
wheat sOWn with a disk drill
Late Flowing Should Be Shallow.
There are said to be exceptions to all
general rules, and there may be one or
two exceptions to this rule of early
blowing for wheat. If it rains a great
deal during July and early August, ear
ly blowing can not be done. But, for
tunateIy, the exception appears to
come in just there. Early blowing is
not so essential in wet seasons. But it
may be well to observe this caution {:
If you have TO pillow late, pillow shallow
where there is danger of winter killing.
Shallow blowing makes the firming Of
the seed bed an easier matter and Is a
measure of insurance against winter
killing.
The Hays free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1908-1924, 1919-09-04

NRMI7N0HS

Grow alfalfa and provide an album
dance of silage.
Sand vetch is a valuable crop to i'm
prove thin, sandy soil.
Weeds and water are two very i'm
portant factors in the cornfeld.
The best land on the farm should
be used for the first trial OF alfalfa.
There are two ways to can corn
One is in cans and the other is in the
silo.
A pit silo viii pay for itself the first
year when the farmer has the feed
and the STOCK.
Sweet clover is coming into its
own-fsrmers are learning it is a val
liable pasture plant.
Unless fall blowing can be done
doubIe-disk the stubble In the fall as
soon as the crop is removed.
Late garden vegetables do not as q
rule require very much moisture,
though some is always required.