davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Labor Clauses

Nine principles of labor condi-
tlons are to be recognized, on the
ground that "the wellbeing, physi-
cal and moral, of the industrial
wageearners is of supreme interna-
tional Importance With excep-
tons necessitated by differences OF
climate, habits and economic de-
velopment, they include: The guild
ing principle that labor should not
be regarded merely as a commodity
or article of commerce; right of as
sociation of employers and en-
ployes; wage adequate to MAIN
tain reasonable standard of life
the eight-hour day or forty-eight-
hour week; a weekly rest of at least
twenty-four hours, which should in
clude Sunday wherever practicable :;
abolition of child labor and assur-
ance of the continuation of the edu-
cation and proper physical develop
ment of children; equal pay for
equal work as between men and
women; equitable treatment of all
workers lawfully resident in any
country, including foreigners; and
system of inspection in which wo
men should take part.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08

expiration of five years; certain
other districts, including the bridge
head of Coblenz, and the terri
tories nearest the Belgian frontier,
will be evacuated after ten years,
and the remainder, including the
bridgehead of Mainz, will be evac-
uated after fifteen years. In case
the inter-Allied Reparation Commits
sion finds that Germany has failed
to observe the whole or part of her
Obligations, either during the oc
cupatlon or after the fifteen wears
have expired, the whole or part of
the areas specified will be reoccu-
pied Immediately. If before the ex-
plration of the fifteen years Ger
many complies with all the trcatv
undertakings, the occupying forces
will be withdrawn immediately.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
SDeadlv' Work Done
BY British Papers
Early i'm the War

NeW J ORR Tribune
m Foreign Press Buredu
Inc press bureau of the British gov
eInment, popularly called the censor's
office, was recently closed in London.
me metropolitan correspondent of
"lhe Manchester Guardian" writes on
this cheerful occasion to his paper:
ut is difficult now to remember the
many phases through which the bureau
has passed. Lord Buckmaster, then
Solicitor General, instituted it, so far
as l remember, to prevent the news
papers from getting into trouble and
editors from being sent to prison. The
bureau did not censor in the exact
sense of the term, for even if matter
was submitted and passed by the bu
reau it did not relieve the newspapers
from responsibility if the matter was
held afterward to transgress certain
acts. The press bureau functions were
purely advisory
"The newspapers at the beginning
d'd some deadly work 4 London even.
Ing paper destroyed the whole of the
"u Heer and q few of our own
warships. Rumors of German land
!ngs, toe. were published. All this in
creased the tension on the public mind.
-Ther came the detailed story of the
.r1tish army's retreat and the sup-
Eest'on that all was lost. To every
body's astonishment the newspaper in
question was able to show that it's
report had been submitted to the
press bureau, then presided over by
the present Lord Chancellor, who had
passed and nitialed the proof.
"Changes in the bureau took place.
and after the newspapers had demanded
that men with practical experience in
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Section XIII
l n I e + N Ona |
Labor Organization
annual Conference

Members of the league of ma
e'ons agree to establish a perman-
ent organization to promote inter
national adjustment of labor con-
ditions to consist of an animal in
ternational labor conference and
an international labor office.
The former is composed of four
representatives Of each state, two
from the government and one each
from the employers and the en-
pioyed; each Of them may vote
individually. 1t will be a deIiber-
as've legislation body, its measures
taking the form Of draft conven-
lions or recommendation for legjs-
iatson, which, il passed by two
tnirds vote, must be submitted to
the lawmaking authority in every
state participating. Each govern
noent may either enact the terms
INTO law, approve the principle, but
modify them to local needs, leave
the actual legislation in case of
. Federal state to local Lcgisla-
lures, or reject the convention AL
together without further obliga-
tion.
The international labor office il
established at the seat Of the league
OF nations az part Of its organiza-
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08

only in response to he protests of the
English government that the indemnity
was reduced to 81 900, 100000 Favre
says of the way in which Bismarck
accepted the reduction:
M de Bismarck would listen to
nothing. His language was impetuous,
almost passionate, and his tone was
harsh. It was easy to see that he was
under the influence of violent feelings
hostile to our deliberations had no
difficulty in understanding this, because
| knew that the evening before he had
received the news of the dispatch Of
Lord Granville" (The dispatch stat
ing England's protest against the
amount of the indemnify
On this occasion the German dele-
gates have brought with them a bill foE
S13,650, 100000 against the Allies for.
damages and losses caused by the
blockade, with which they hope to off,
set the huge sum they will have to pay.
in reparation to the countries thew
have despoiled
In 1871 Bismarck tore Alsace-Lor-
raine from France, and when Favrs
protested, "You admit that if you con-
suit the inhabitants they will be unsn-
lmous in rejecting you," the chahcelor
replied, 81 know that perfectly. We
shall not please them, but we do not.
include them among the electors you
Will consult, since we intend TO govern
these districts absolutely"
BY the present treaty Alsace and
Lorraine are TO be restored to France,
and germany as punishment for her
cruelty and misrule is to lose her COLI
onies in ali part of the world
IF the Parisians first received
supply of provisions and were then
again put on half rations and more and
more obliged to starve, that ought,
think, TO work." said Bismarck in 1871.
1T is like fogging. When it is admin.
istered continuously it is not felt so
much. But when it is suspended for
time and then another dose inflicted
1t hurts"
Sign the treaty or the blockade will
be restored in full rigor," say the Al
lies to Germany to-day.
1t Is the exact reverse of 1874 and,
IN so far as may be, the conditions
have been duplicated, but this time
with the Germans seated below the
salt. The conquerors once more oc-
cupy the Hotel Trianon and the sup
plants the Hotel des Reservoirs.
Daily the conquered seek the victors.
And the great scene will come with the
signing of the treaty.
January 1S. 1871, in the Hall of Mir
rors of the Chateau OF Versailles Bis.
marck proclaimed King William OF
Prussia German Emperor In the same
Hall of Mirrors the six peace dele
gates of defeated Germany will certify
to the world with their signatures thas
the German empire has ceased TO exist.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Impressive Service Held in
Cathedral of St. John
the Divine in Commemor-
alton of First u. S. Heroes
Coincidence Is Remarked
Germans Get Treaty 4 Years
to a Day After Sinking
Liner With Torpedo

Coincident with the formal presen-
tatlon of the peace terms to Germany
was the service held in the Cathedral
of st. John the Divine yesterday after
noon IN solemn commemoration of the
Americans who lost their lives when
the Lusitania was sunk four years ago
by German torpedo.
There were nearly a thousand per-
sons in the cathedral, including a num-
ber of the survivors and relatives of
those who were drowned The service
was arranged under the auspices of
thirty of the patriotic societies of New
York.
Ceremony Impressive
The ceremonial opened with the sing
ing of Onward, Christian Soldiers"
while the flags of the Allies were car
rled through the nave and into the
chancel by detail of six soldiers from
Governors Island.
The opening prayer was read by Dean
Howard c. Robbins, of the Cathedral
of ST. John the Divine; the first lesson
was read by the Rev. Arson P. After
bury, of the West Park Presbyterian
Church; the second lesson by Canon
George F. Nelson, of the cathedral.
and the closing prayers were delivered
by the Right Rev. Charles S. Burch,
SuHragan Bishop of the Diocese of
New York. In the procession of church
dignitaries were the Rev William Aus
tin Smith, the Rev. DR.. William N.
Hubbell, Rabbi Joseph Silverman and
the Rev. E. Briggs Nash. There was
solemn tolling for the dead after the
Lords Prayer was repeated
Remembrance, Not Hatred"
In welcoming the patriotic societies
Of New York to the cathedral Dean
Robbins sad
IF rightly understood the words
Lest We Forget express the spirit of
this service. They are not words of
vengeance, vindication or hatred They
are words of solemn remembrance.
They bring to mind the two things
for which the Lusitania stands as an
everlasting symbol
First. the moral entry of this coun-
try into the war. Secondly, the Lusi-
tania has become real symbol Of the
great weight of suffering endured by
innocent women and children in Europe,
through which our redemption was
finally purchased
1T is notable and moving coinci-
dence that the day on which the terms
of peace are made public, the sinking
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Peace Scene of 1871 Revived, but
With German Arrogance Missing

This, gentlemen, is the death Of
the beast"
Such was the jeer of Bismarck in the
little Hotel Trianon at Versailles
January %, 1871, when he picked up
his gold pen to complete the humilia-
ton of France with the signing of the
armistice that ended the Franco-Prus-
sian War. Twenty years later his
triumph still tasted sweet to him, and
IN his memoirs he jecred at Favre be-
cause the Frenchman had shed tears
when putting his name to the paper.
There is a vastly different drama
being enacted at Versailles now. Forty
nve years ago two countries only were
concerned in the negotiations that
made Germany an empire, and there
were three negotiators. Bismarck,
alone and lmperious, represented Ger
many, while Jules Favre and Adolphe
Theirs were the French commissioners.
Bismarck with his suite had taken
possession of the Hotel Trianon, then
a small building. little more than a
roadside inn. The Frenchmen were
lodged in the Hotel des Reservoirs and
daily trudged across the park to listen
to Bismarck's insults.
German Tune Changes
To-day it is the Germans who come
as suppliants; they are represented,
empire and made another, but by six
commissioners and a suite of more
than 200 secretaries, clerks and as
sistants. Facing them at the signing
Of the treaty will be the represents.
tives of the thirty-four nations com
bined against Germany.
But if Favre shed tears, it is re-
corded that Count Won Brockdorf-
Rantzau nearly tainted from emotion
when he handed the credentials of the
German peace delegates to Jules Cam
chairman of the credentials committee
for the Allies.
1t was again in the Hotel Trianon
that this brief ceremony took nlaee
But 1T is new building, modern and
huge were it not dwarfed bv the great
chateau of Louis XIV. For this neace
the Hotel Trianon is the headouarters
or Germanys enemies and Germanv,s
ENJOYS are lodged in the Hotel des Res-
ervolrs, from which they cross the
park to hear the terms their CONQUER
ors have to offer.
Favre and Theirs followed the ia
pn
IN automobiles provided by the French
government. A space quarter Of a
mile square has been fenced off "a
save the Germans from possible an.
noyance, and military guards stand at
every crossing. a.
IT is very good of me to take tba
trouble you have imposed on me" ss;e
bismarck to Favre and Theirs. "Our
conditions are ultimatums. You must
,ake them or leave them. don't want %
20 De mixed up any more with this
aI1alr. Bring an interpreter with Won
tomorrow. Henceforth / shall NOT
speak French" 'Ao'' ho'
Inc Germans have been allowed ~
senn s SIX representatives and great
seaH OF assistants to conduct neeotia-
.lons' They are counting upon argn-
ing long over President Wilson's four-
teen points, and securing many modif-
sssions In the terms of the treaty as
agreed upon by the Allies. ~
bismarck imposed on France a 6ne
calied an indemnity, of $1,000 900 900
Tor losing the war. and would listen ~
no nc! arguments of remonstrances from,
she French representatives. 1t was
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Summary of Peace Terms
Offered TO the Germans

ton. 1T is to collect and distribute
information on labor throughout
the world and prepare agenda for
the conference. 1t will publish a
periodical in French and English,
and possibly other languages. Each
state agrees to make to it for pre-
sentation to the conference an an
nual report of measures taken to
execute accepted conventions. The
governing body consists of twenty
four members, twelve representing
the governments, six the employ
ers and six the employees, to serve
for three years. On complaint that
any government has failed to carry
out a convention to which it is a
party, the governing body may
make inquiries directly to that gov
crnment, and in case the reply is
unsatisfactory, may publish the
complaint with comment. A COM
plant by one government against
another may be referred by the gov
erning body to a commission of in
qulry nominated by the secretary
general of the league. If the COM
mission report fails to bring sat
isfactory action, the matter NAV
be taken to a permanent court of
international justice for final de-
cision. The chief reliance for Sc
curing enforcement of the law will
be publicity, with possibility of
economic action in the background.
The first meeting of the confer
ence will take place in October,
1919, at Washington, to discuss the
eight-hour day or rty-eight-
week, prevention of unemployment,
extension and application of the in
conventions adopted at
Berne in 1906 prohibiting night /
work for women and the use of
white phosphorus in the manufac-
ture of matches, and employment
Of women and children at night or
in unhealthy work, of women be-
fore and after childbirth, including
benefit, and of children
as regards minimum age.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
CzechO-SIouakio

To assure Czecho-Slovakia access
to the sea, special rights are given
her both north and south. Toward
the Adriatic she is permitted to run
her own through trains to Fiume and
Trieste. To the north, Germany is
to lease her for ninety-nine years
spaces in Hamburg and Stettin, the
details to be worked out by a COM
mission of three representing
Czecho-Slovakia, Germany and
Great Britain.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
The Kiei Canal

The kiel Canal is to remain free
and open to war and merchant
ships of all nations at peace with
Germany, subject, goods and ships
OF all states are to be treated on
terms of absolute equality, and no
taxes to be imposed beyond those
necessary for upkeep and improve
ment' Tor which Germany is to be
responsible. In case of violation Of
or disagreement as, to those pro-
visions, any state may appeal to the
league of nations, and may demand
the appointment of an international
commission. For preliminary hear
ing OF complaints, Germany shall
establish local authority at Kiel.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Eastern Eur0pe

All German troops at present in
territories to the east of the new
frontier shall return as soon as the
Allied and associated governments
deem wise. They are to abstain
from all acquisitions and are in no
way to interfere with measures for
national defence taken by the gov
ernment concerned. All questions
regarding occupation not provided
Tor by the treaty will be regulated
by subsequent convention or con-
ventlons, which will have similar
force and effect.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Section XIV
" llar eS
Asked of Foe
Western Europe

AS a guarantee for the execu-
ton of the treaty German terri
tory to the west of the Rhine, to-
gether with the bridgeheads, will
be occupied by Allied and associ-
ated troops for fifteen years. If
the conditions are faithfully car
ried out by Germany certain dis
tricts, including the bridgehead of
Cologne, will be evacuated at the
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
States TO Get 10000 Motor
Trucks From War Surplus

WASHINGTON, May T. More than
S46,ooo,000 worth of motor trucks have
been turned over to the Department OF
Agriculture by the War Department.
and are ready to be distributed to the
various state highway departments
through the Bureau Of Public Roads. IL
was vas, announced here to-day.
Inc trucks, numbering about 10000.
majority of which are new. are a
part OF the surplus left on the hands
OF the War Department when the war
ended. They are TO be distributed "a
the states under provision of thu
riostofhce appropriation bill, and must
ae used on road construction work. !,
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Food Scarcity i'm India
Is Showing Some Relief

Nc,U Yorl Tribune
Foreign Press Bureau
Food scarcity in India is described
IN correspondence from Simla to
The Manchester Guardian" We read:
Crop reports for the week ending
March % show that standing crops are
fair to good. Harvesting operations
are proceeding in many provinces.
Scarcity involving relief measures,
Is reported in seven provinces The
condition Of the people in the affected
areas generally is good, the famine
trust fund and private charity giving
much assistance. ''s
SIN Madras RELIEF measures are ade-
quate and the distribution of cloth
provided by private subscription con-
tlnues. Suspensions and remissions Of
revenue have been granted. In the
central provinces and central India
there is no sign of emaciation. In the
united provinces the farkets are we'll
supplied, but prices are stationary.
with a tendency to fall Distress CON
tlnues in two districts of Bengal"
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Longest Treaty Ever Drawn
Creates Many Interna-
tional Boards; Is Work
of a Thousand Experts
Continued from preceding page

drafts and designs for this part of
the river.
Belgium is to be permitted to
build a deep draft Rhine Mouse
canal, if she so desires, within
twenty-five years, in which case
Germany must construct the part
within her territory on plans drawn
by Belgium; similarly, the inter
ested Allied governments may con-
struct a Rhine-Meuse canal, both, if
constructed, to come under the COM
petent international commission.
Germany may not object if the Cen
trail Rhine commission desires to
extend it's jurisdiction over the
lower Moselle, the upper Rhine, or
lateral canals.
Germany must ccde to the Allied
and associated governments certain
tugs, vessels, and facilities for navl-
cation on all these rivers, the spe-
clfic details to be established by an
arbiter named by the United States.
Decision will be based on the legiti-
mate needs of the parties concerned
and on the shipping traffic during
the five years before the war. The
value will be included in the regu-
lar reparation account. In the case
of the Rhine shares in the German
navigation companies and property
such as wharves and warehouses
held by Germany in Rotterdam at
the outbreak of the war must be
handed over.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Chronology of Peace Parley

Nov. 11-Thirty days armistice
signed, ending World War.
Nov. 12-Germany asks President
Wilson to arrange for opening
Of peace negotiations Immediate
ly.
Nov. 15-Allies begin arrangements
for parley.
Nov. 1S-President Wilson announ-
ces he will attend peace confer
Dec. 2-Representatives of Allies
begin discussions of matters pre-
liminary to peace congress. Su-
preme Council meets in Paris.
Dec. 4-President Wilson and party
sail for France.
Dec. 5-Opening of peace congress
set for first week in January.
Dec. 14-President Wilson arrives
In Paris for peace parley. Armis-
tice prolonged one month-until
Jan. 17-and amendments pro-
vide for further extensions until
conclusion of peace preliminaries.
Dec. 26-President Wilson arrives
in London for conferences with
British high officials on peace
programme.
Dec. 2S-President Wilson and
Allied representatives. decide what
nations are to take part in par
ley.
Jan. 1-President Wilson leaves
Paris for Rome, to confer with
Italian King and Premier Orlando.
Jan. 12-Informal exchanges of
views at Paris on peace questions
by Supreme Inter-Allied Council.
Programme for peace conference
discussed. Preliminary peace
meeting opens at Paris. First
formal meeting of Supreme Inter
Allied Council.
Jan. 13-Supreme War Council
draws new armistice terms.
Jan. 1S-Peace congress opens in
the Sale de la Paix, Paris. Glenn
enceau is made chairman.
Jan. 20-Supreme Inter-Allicd Coun-
Gil considers Russian situation.
Jan. 22-Allies adopt President Will
sons plan for parley with all
warning factions on Feb. Is.
Jan. 23-Four of the FIVE great AL
lied powers agree on world league
plan. Russians reject parlsy offer.
Jan. 25-League of nations project
unanimously adopted.
Jan. 26-Smaller nations accept par
ley plan.
Jan. 3o-Allies accept in principle
the American colonial plan for
league of nations to exercise
supervision over German colonies
sep. ALLIES vote to split IN
Turkish Empire.
Feb. 6-League draft tentatively
accepted. Date of conference o.-
ferred from Feb. Is to permit
all delegates to reach Paris.
Feb. S-American plan for economic
council accepted by the Allies
Feb. 12-New armistice terms fixed
extending the truce indehnitelv
and making the German armv
impotent.
Feb. 15-President Wilson sa;ls
from Brest to the United States
Feb. 16--rtaly rejects plan for medi-
alton with the Slavs in Dalmatia
Fob. 21-Allies decide to make Cor
many pay to the limit of her
ability.
March 4-President Wilson ays;n
sails for France.
March 7-Armistice parley broken
of when Germany refuses tn
give up ships.
March S-Germany decides to giva
up ships on promise Of food and
agrees to resume conference
Teuton army cut to 10000.
March 11--Gerran navy personn.,
cut to $4,000 by Allies. Draft o.
peace treaty is completed.
March 14-President Wilson reaches
par,,
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08
Civilian Pilots Must Get Air
Licenses From II. s. Roard

WASHINGTON, May 7-Civilian
rilots must procure licenses from the
JOINT army and navy board of aero
nautlc cognizance before they will be
permitted to operate airplanes. sea-
planes or balloons. under the pro.
tIsr01s tion i..u.d OF iha presdental proclama-
.'on issued February 2s. the board an
censed pilots.
New-York tribune., 1919-05-08

courts. The present treaty, of which
the French and British texts are
both authentic, shall be ratified and
the dispositions of ratifcations made
in Paris as soon as possible. The
treaty is to become effective in all
respects for each power on the date
of deposition of it's ratification.