davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09
Text ofSpeech to
Omaha Audience

President Wilson'S speech aUas, I,
part, as follows:
"Mr. Chairman and my fellow
citizens:
II never felt moro pleasure in
facing my fellow citizens than now.
/ realize I am not representing a
peculiar cause; that l am not speak
ing for single group Of my fellow
citizens; that I am not the repre-
sentative of party, but representa-
tive of the people Of the United
States of America.
II went across the water with that
happy consciousness. In all the work
that was done on the other side of
the seas, where / was associated
with the distinguished Americans Of
both political parties, we all of us
constantly kept in our hearts the
feeling that we were expressing the
thought of America; that we were
working for the interests and the
things that America believed in, and
l have come here to testify that this
treaty contains the things that
America believes in.
II brought a copy of that treaty
! along with me, for fancied that
in view Of the criticisms you have
heard of It,, you have thought it
consisted Of only four or five
clauses. Only four or five clauses
out Of this volume are picked out
for criticism.
People Have Right
To Fix Own Rule
!,
tions of the popular right that we
not only say that the people have the
right to have q government of their
own that satisfies them, but that they
have the right to change it in any
respect any time. Very we'll. That
principle lies at the heart Of the
treaty. There arc people in Europe
who never before could say that the
land they lived on was their own and
that the choice they would make Of
their lives was their own choice.
II know there are in Nebraska
those who came from that country
of tragical history, the now restored
Republic Of Poland, and l want to
call Your attention to the fact that
Poland is here given her complete
the land that formerly belonged to
the Poles, but she is given the lands
which were occupied by the Poles and
now are occupied by, and have been
permitted to remain under, other SOW
ereignty, and she is given that land
under a principle that all our hearts
approve of. You take what in Europe
they call High Silesia, the upper por-
tion of the district of Silesa The
very great majority Of the people in
High Silesia are Poles, and the Ger
mans contested the statement that
most Of them were Poles.
eve said: Very we'll, then, it is
none of our business, and we will
let them decide it, We will put suf-
fcient armed forces into High Silesia
to see that nobody tampers with the
process of the election and then will
hold q referendum there. and those
people can belong either to Germany
! or.to Poland, as thcy PREFER and nov
as we prefer. ~
"And wherever there was a doubt
full district, we applied the same prin-
ciple-that the people should decide
and not the men sitting around the
peace tabld at Paris.
$50 that when these referenda are
completed, the land titles of Europe
will be settled and every country
will belong to the people that live
in it, to do with it what they please.
going to scuttle.'
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09

the A.. e. F.--almost as great task,
but shorter lived than organization.
After two years constantly at the
in France. General Pershing recently
covered every foot of the battlefields
on which Americans were engaged in
the glorious struggle for the liberty Of
nations. He did this to complete more
accurately for history his final report
on the European war. He faced the
task Of closing up the A. E. f., visiting
Italy at the urgent request of the ltal-
ian government, and finishing that final
report before he returned to his native
soil. The Tribune was informed to-day
that the 50,000-word final report on the
war is now on its way to Washington.
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09
zf I11T1
OnBoth Sides of the
Continent $4,000
Miles Per Tire

AS far apart as the distance that sepa-
rates them are the road conditions in
central California and Massachusetts.
And yet, with all the diversity of road
changes and stiff grades, Goodrich De
Luxe Truck Tires on trucks in these
states have amassed the incredible
mileage of $4,000 miles per tire and are
still serving.
In Massachusetts this splendid record
was made on 6I2 ton coal truck
operated by the Lajoie Coal Co., of
Lowell. The very name of the COM
modify hauled and the size of the truck
gives evidence of the bruising character
of the service.
Out west, in Oakland, CAL, these
Goodrich De Luxe Tires nlAstered
equally severe conditions. The truck
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09
Reservation Plans
Offers Are Assured

But | didn't come here this morn
ing so much to expound the
treaty as to talk about these things
we call reservations. A reservation
is an assent with a but to it. we
agree, but
"Now | want to call your atten-
tion to some of these butts | will
take them as far as | can in the or
der in which they deal with the
clauses of the league itself.
"In the first article of the covenant
it is provided that nation can with
draw from the league on two years.
notice-provided that at the time of
this withdrawal, that is to say, at
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09

the expiration Of the two years, it
has fulfilled ali Its international OBJ
legations and all its obligations under
the covenant.
"But some of our friends are very
uneasy about that. They want to sit
close to the door and with their hand
on the KIN, and they want to say:
we are in this thing, but we are in
it with infinite timidity, and we are
in 1t only because you overpersuaded
US and wanted us to come In, but we
are going to sit here and try this
door every once in a while and see il
1t isn't locked, and justt as as soon as
we see anything we don't like we are
want you to put this to every man
you know who makes this objection.
What is he afraid of? Is he afraid
that when the United States wishes
to withdraw it will not have fulfilled
it's international obligations? Is he
willing to bring that Indictment
against this beloved country?
"My fellow citizens, we never did
fail to fulfill any obligations we have
made. And, God to guide and help
US, we never will. And l, for one,
am not going to admit in any con-
nection the slightest doubt that if
we ever choose to withdraw we will
then have fulfilled our obligations.
Because If we make reservations. as
they are called, about this, what do
we do? This covenant does not set
up any tribunal to judge whether
we have fulfilled our obligations at
that time or not. There is only one
thing to restrain US, and that is the
opinion Of mankind Are these
gentlemen such poor patriots that
they are afraid the United States
will cut poor figure in the opinion
of mankind, and do they think that
they can bring this great people to
withdraw from that league if at that
time their withdrawal would be con-
demned by the opinion of mankind?
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09
Wants To Retain
Respect of Mankind

eve always have been at pains to
earn the respect Of mankind, and we
shall always be at pains to retain it.
l for one am too proud as an Amer
lean to say that no doubt will ever
hang upon our right to withdraw
upon the conditions of the fulfill
mcnt of our international obliga-
tions.
eve cannot live without taking
sides. We devoted ourselves to just
ice and liberty when we we're born,
and we are not going to get senile
and forget it.
Are there any patriotic Ameri-
cans that desire the method changed :?
'Do they want me to ask the Ger
mans if I may read the treaty to
them, expressed in the words the
United States Senate think it ought
to have been written in? So you
see, the reservations come down to
this, that they want to change the
language of the treaty without chang
ing its meaning, and let me say
ing from official dispatches, but from
the newspapers--that people are not
in as good a humor over in France
now as they were when | was there,
and it is going to be more difficult to
get new agreement from them now
on than it was before, and after deal
ing with some of these gentlemen, |
found that they we're as ingenious as
any American in attaching unex-
pected meanings to plain words.
do not want. therefore, having gone
through the mill on the existing
language, to go through it again on
changed language.
Cites Japan Pledge
To Allies At Paris,
"But l must not turn away from
this great subject without attention
to the Shantung clause, the provis ion
with regard to the transfer of certain
German rights in that province Of
+ Shantung. rMaayte Japaas l,Lrankly
said to my Japanese colleagues at
the conference therefore, can
without impropriety say it here
that | was very deeply dissatisfied
with that part Of the treaty. But,
my fellow citizens, Japan agreed at
that very time, and as part of the
understanding upon which these
clauses were put into the treaty, that
she would relinquish every item of
sovereignty that Germany had en-
joycd to China. and she would retain
what other nations have elsewhere in
China, certain economic concessions,
with regard to the railways and the
mines, which she was to operate under
a corporation, and subject to the laws
of China. AS | say, | wish she could
have done more, but suppose, as some
have suggested, that we dissent from
that clause Of the treaty. You can't
sign all OF treaty but one part, my
fellow citizens; it is like the Prcsi-
dents veto; he can't veto provisions
of a bill; he has got either to sign
the bill or veto it. We can't sign the
treaty with the Shantung provision
out of it, and if we could, what sort
of service would that be doing
China?
''lf l felt that I, personally, in any
New-York tribune., 1919-09-09
Wilson Calls
War on Pact
Pro-Cernan

Continued from page
Sioux Falls tonight for St. Paul. The
President will speak there and at Min
neapolis tomorrow.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

of strength, what devotion to ideals,
what sacrifices of money and man.
hood! A hundred million people in.
tent upon one thought, one purpose,
and that not a selfish one. Forth from
nearly every home in the land went
our noble army of selected men. Out
of tens of millions of pockets poured
the money, not only as loan to the
Government, but as a free gift to
minister to the distressed, the home
sick, the wounded and the dying.
This wonderful country of ours has
increased in wealth and in strength in
marvellous way. but it has never be-
fore realized either its wealth or its
strength. because never before exerted
in full accord by ALL
AS with the nation at large, so with
the communities within the nation. A
community spirit has been born o.
trials, q spirit which has brought
strong and weak, rich and poor to-
gether as never before; brought them
together because their endeavors, their
trials, their sacrifices. their sorrows
were the same. Rich and poor alike
wore the star of service, alike contri-
buted of their much or of their little,
alike endured the agony of suspense,
and the sorrow of loss and united in
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24
The Mixture of Paganism and Religion In the Easter
Customs of Today-The Rebirtt of Sprnq.
he international Syndicate.


the Stone Age probably worshipped
In some manner. This period of the
year meant the return of plenty. 1t
was the time when Nature caused the
trees to bud and the flowers to bloom.
In England and the American col
onies until the year 1852 the year be-
gan on March 25th, and so far as
Great Britain and the Colonies were
concerned 1t was not until that year
that Easter was observed on the date
that had been set for it by the Cath
Ollie Church.
The spring worship in the early
times was a mysterious NEUROLOGICAL
symbolism. The spring moons were
noted for the time to plant crops. So,
we find Moon worshippers and Sun
worshippers at all times turned toward
the East 1t seems difficult to get
away from the realms of mythology
and call 1t history, but in this way we
may get nearer to what Easter means
to u.s. Among the modern Latins the
spring festival Is known as the Pasque.
Jewish Passover
Then we And the origin of the Jew
ish-the passing over of the Destroy
ing Angel, when he laid low the an
cient enemies OF the Egyptians. BY
Biblical authority 1t Is usually called
the Passover.
When the Pascal festival was kept
by the early Christian Church there
Is no trace of the Easter festival being
celebrated In the New Testament
neither do any OF the Apostles refer
to the keeping of the feast, which la
ter became the most solemn of all
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

origin is pagan and is closely con-
nected with the idea Of regeneration.
which is closely allied with thoughts
of fruitful spring.
Curious Celebrations
Curious celebra&lons of Easter are
held even in our own country when
the Peniten4 Brothers, a tribe of New
Mexico Spanish Indians, have a sing
ular service OF self fiagellation during
Holy Week, which eliminates in the
flesh and blood crucihXion of a man
who is supposed to represent the Re-
deemer. There has been little written
difficult for q white man to get into
their reservation at that time and still
more difficult to obtain photographs
of the ceremony, yet this was accom-
plished several years ago. The Peni-
tents, as they call themselves. belong
to an order which was founded three
hundred years ago. and at the time of
its inception had nothing of the
scourge idea about It, Gradually, how
ever, 1t developed into a fanaticism.
During Lent these people stick cactus
needles into their bare flesh and beat
themselves with thongs. The great
day Of penance occurs on Good Fri
day, when the Procession of the Cross
takes place. About twenty-five of the
brothers." led by three men who are
usually bleeding from their self-infiict-
ed wounds and bearing crosses. come
into the little adobe town. The crosses
are heavy and the men often fall be-
meath them. They chant in weak
voices as they walk. There seem to
be a strange reverence among the peo-
Pile during the procession. and finally
the Golgotha Is reached. Here the
man representing Christ Is said to be
actually crucifed and buried. Wheth.
err this has taken place since the year
nineteen hundred Is not known, but
at one time their order was allowed
to practice Its rites, and the members
of the order took good care that Wis
itors or officials were tabooed.
Down In Mexico City they have an
other curious custom-that Of the
burning in efflgy of Judas Iscariot
This ceremony takes place at Easter
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

festivals OF the Church. The first
Christians were gathered from the
Jewish Church and naturally kept
their festival. Under such conditions
1t is easy to understand why the Pass
over should blend into the new cele-
bration. Thoughts of Christ az the
Pascal Lamb, the first fruits of the
dead, enobled the Passover and It's
transition into the later Christian feast
of Easter by a natural evolution. All
the Christians were not Of Jewish de-
scent, and with those of Gentle origin
there was some difference about the
time of the celebration. With their
thought Of Christ as the true Pascal
Lamb the Jewish Christians deter
mined that the end of the fast would
coincide with the Jewish feast on the
fourteenth day of the Moon at even
ing and the Easter festival would fol-
low Thus 1t would seem that In those
days Easter Day was by no means
likely to fall on Sunday. With the
Gentle Christians. however. there was
a determination to identify the Resur-
rection festival with the first day of
the week and to commemorate the
Crucifxion on the preceding Friday,
and this was ruled to be the case
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24
Copy right. 1919, The In

~ASTER, like Christmas, comes
down to US imbedded in
strange and mysterious confusion
~of Pagan rites, Jewish ceremonies
and Christian teachings, and it is diff
cult for those who desire to ascertain
how and when it came to be cele-
brated to determine its beginning and
It's true origin. Fortunately, the mod
ern Easter has been denuded of a
great deal of the uncertainty of tbs
real meaning, and as we have 1t to-
day 1t stands not only as an essential.
ly Christian festival, but the principal
feast in the Church calendar.
It must be understood that cen
turtles before the Christian Church
was founded there were men and
women who celebrated at this season
of the year a feast that was very near
ly like our Easter. These were the
Babylonians. Phoenicians and the
Assyrians.
Easter, we are informed. was de-
rived from the Anglo-Saxon "Eastre"
IA goddess of the East, whose fes-
fval was held in the spring of the
year. Then we have the high Ger
man "Ostra," and the Teutonic Aus
tro," who were the Goddesses of
spring as we'll.
All these worships Of pagan times
seem to lead one to a festival in honor
of spring and Is more remote than
any other feast. That 1t has always
been sort of religious festival OBJ
served by man seems indisputable. Its
modern significance Is. of course, quite
another thing. and yet there may be
traced a likeness Even the men OF
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

irrespective OF the day of the month
Thus in the early days of Christianity
two Easter Days occurred the same
year-the one of the Jewish Chris
tians communicating the fourteenth
day of the Moon, and those who Kept
the Sunday following the fourteenth
day Of the Pascal moon.
Date Set BY Moon
Before the middle of the second
century was reached the date of the
festival was changed, and after several
conferences between the Pope and
Church officials 1t was decreed thar
Easter should fall on the first Sunday
after the full Moon which happens
upon or next after the twenty-frst OF
March. This makes Easter come as
early as March 22nd or as late as
April 26th.
On several occasions the jewish
Passover and the Christian Easter
nave occurred at the same time--the
most recent in 1908. This will take
place again In 1922. 1927. and then
not until 1881.
In the early Church Easter was
one OF the special days Of baptism
The faithful greeted each other with
the kiss Of peace and the salution'
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24
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Christ is risen!" to which the re-
Spouse was, HE is risen, indeed" This
custom is still kept up in Russia. In
the Catholic Church the festivities
really begin on the preceding morning
with the mass Of Holy Saturday in
which the short vespers of Easter are
included trace of the times of
primitive severity when the mass for
that day was celebrated in the even.
ing.
The Hare And Egg Pagan
Many of the customs practiced at
the Easter season have no connection
whatever with the religious and ere
for the most part remnants Of the
pagan celebration. Few people who
purchase the inevitable rabbit shown
in the shop window know that the 1T
tie figure is made to represent q hare
and not a rabbit and that 1t has moth
ing to do with the celebration Of our
modern Easter. but Is connected with
the worship Of the Moon in the spring.
Rabbits are always born blind while
hares come into the world with eyes
wide open. The full Moon Is supposed
to be wide-open watcher. and those
who desare TO study the subject will
find that tho Egyptian word for hare
and their word for open or opener
are identical. Thus the hare u oon-
nected with the thought OF the open
ing of the year and the spring. The
hare Is used as the symbol of spring
in many old japanese and Chinese pic.
lures Among the folk lore of heather
lands u one story in which Buddha
finds the people starving and turned
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

and Is a public performance. A few
years ago they also burned his wife,
although where they learned that
Judas had a wife cannot be ascer-
tanned.
Celebrated With Pomp
Easter Is celebrated with the great.
est ceremony in Catholic countries,
especially in the cities of Rome, Italy
and Seville, Spain, where the entire
Holy Week is given over to Church
professions and to scenes of the Pas
sion of Christ. Both these cities are
crowded with tourists who pay fabu-
lous hotel rates In order to be present
at the ceremonies.
In Seville the entire Holy Week is
given over to street professions when
huge silver figures of Christ and the
Virgin are borne through the streets
by black robed men.
In Jerusalem the Easter celebra-
ton centers around the Church of the
Holy Sepulcher. One Of the customs
is for the entire congregation to enter
the church on their knees, on Easter
eve the Miracle of the Holy Fire marks
the greatest day of the year. A huge
platter of fire is carried about the
streets and Is supposed to be sent from
heaven and to perform the miracle OF
not burning a human being. Often
from one hundred to five THOUSAND
dollars are paid by wealthy people
who are III and cannot come to church
to have 1t carried to their home.
In Palestine there is a service, in.
Guiding the Lords Supper. celebrated
at midnight on Easter eve, after which
the people 60 home and sleep until
Easter morning when they have
grand feast.
In Russia on Easter Day there is the
blessing OF the waters Wherever there
Is a river near the town or city the
bishops or priests Of the Greek Church
hold service during which the water
Is blessed for the coming year.
Thus, beginning as festival OF
spring in the Dark Ages Easter in the
minds Of the people of today is re.
ligious holiday. grave and sacred as
concentrating the crucif1xion OF
Christ.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

In the situation? We had promised
the Allies that by July. 1918. we would
have in France 100000 men. At that
date we had on foreign soil over two
million men, and had promised four
million by July, 1919.
1t Is true that only a comparatively
small number of these two million
actually took part in the struggle, but
1t was the fact that they were avail
able that made possible the great Of
fensive of July. 1918, which was never
relaxed until the white flag of German
surrender was floating on the breeze
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1919-04-24

And what brought that naughty foe
a foe that still had an enormous fight
ing force at its command and still &C.
cuped invaded soil-to such an igno-
BILE end?
Not only the bayonets of our gallant
boys and those of the allied nations,
but the knowledge possessed by the
German leaders that behind the two
million men was another two million
and behind them as many million as
might be needed. The knowledge also
that whereas only one battery of
Am erican made field artillery was ever
in action there was on the way to the
front a continuous stream of American
made guns. shells, airplanes, tanks and
other engines of war such as would
have annihilated the German Army
had it dared to continue the struggle.
And it is this stream of men, of
guns, of ships and munitions, that
broke the spirit of the German staff
and brought the war to glorious end
year before we had dared to hope
for, that is now being paid for and
which makes necessary the Victory
Liberty Loan"
We Must Not Fail
Is it large thing to ask that the
| people of the United States. who have
already loaned their government over
eighteen billion dollars, should once
again unite to pay the cost of making
the world free? They were united be
hind our President when he declared
for force without stint" and this foro
has been applied, applied in such fuf
measure as to save tens and perhap
hundreds of thousands of young Amer
lean lives which would have been los
had the contest lasted another year.
Are we to count our dollars against
the blood Of our manhood, a rate Of
interest against gold service star,
some sacrifice of pleasure against the
grief of Americas womanhood?
| Let America answer!