davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
The black the that
gted the the

trade by keeping them on; to estab-
lish range of prices which will
recognize the fundamentally changed
conditions without specially penaliz-
ing any particular class. Opponents
Of the war borrowing policy of the
treasury, in some Of it's phases, have
declared that the government was
financing itself on day to day money,
II would not be n fair criticism,
perhaps, to accuse it OF having n
day to day trade policy, but It's ac-
tons or lnaction often create the
impression that, instead Of leading,
it waits to be driven by the force Of
public opinion, finding expression
through the press and parliament
Tho need Of constant consultation
with the Allies means the denial of
a good deal of liberty which might
otherwise be exercised, but one con-
siderable handicap will be removed
if, as is hoped, a preliminary peace
is signed by the enemy within the
next few weeks.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

But the country has had no real
guidance in regard to the main prin
clples which will regulate trade
policy in the coming years. No
severe indictment of the government
can perhaps be lodged on that score
presumably the resolutions Of the
Paris Economic Conference, agreed
on IN the summer Of 1916, still stand.
but the ultimate plans will doubtless
be influenced by the proceedings of
the peace councils economic con-
ference, since it is at least possible
that the complete subsection and de-
pendence Of Germany on the good
will Of the Allies will considerably
modify original intentions and
necessities.
The government, however, has I'M
mcdiately to take into account the
domestic situation produced by the
sudden termination Of the war, in
Guiding the official control Of trade
in multifarious directions, the level
Of prices often arising directly from
that control, the state Of interna-
tional indebtedness, the interest Of
trader, manufacturer and consumer
and the intensified rivalry Of for
eign countries to which much over
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

Meanwhile it has been decided to
place on the unrestricted list all
colonial imports definitely original
ing in the Dominions, to free all raw
materials Immediately, together with
the partly manufactured goods
which are the raw materials of
other industries with the qualifica-
ton that their import must not hurt
the upbuilding Of businesses which
it is considered essential to set up
firmly in this country. Fully manu-
featured articles will be subject to
restriction. Some will be prohibited;
others imported under license.
The blockade is naturally one of
the chief obstacles to a general re-
sumption of outward trade, but it
is implied that exports are also
hampered by the policy of other
countries which are not displaying
the anxiety to secure our goods that
the would-be traders would like, An
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Conferences to Discuss Proposed
Economic and Political Fed.
Grafton Likely To Be Called
in the Next Few Months

that exports to Canada increased
from 91,70S in 1914 to e15,S5S in
1917, while imports from Canada
increased only from 923,604 in
1914 to s25,914 in 1917. The re-
port adds:
according to value, the import
trade has remained almost station
airy, which indicates, as prices are
so much higher, that the actual vol
ume OF imports has decreased. The
growth Of the export trade from
81 ,7O8 to S15,85S in the course Of
four years has exceeded expecta-
tons. The export in 1917 consisted
of spices valued at G1O,339 and
cocoa valued at $3.50. This de-
velopment of a new market for the
colony's products removes anv
ground for objection from Grenada
to the tariff reciprocity agreement
on the ground that it is one sided
Over and above the equality in act
ual tariff concessions that has now
arisen, the colony, in common with
other West Indian islands, eniovs
the great benefit of the regular
Canadian steamship service, which
is subsidized entirely by Canada"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
ms for Closer Union With British West Indies

West Indies and the British colonies
on the mainland benefited by Cana
dian fiscal policy, and the circum-
stances are frequently referred to
as an outstanding example of how
imperial preferences may advanta-
geously be applied. In 1900 Canada
was drawing only "a per cent of it's
imported sugar from the West
Indies and British Guiana, the re-
mainder coming from continental
Europe. Germany alone supplied
more than SO per cent. The maxi
mum preference under the Canadian
tariff then came into effect, but it
was insufficient to overcome Ger
many's advantage. Germany was
discriminating against the Dominion
by imposing the maximum German
tariff, because of the imperial pref
erence extended by this country to
goods Of British origin. In retalia-
ton, in 1903, Canada imposed a
surtax on German goods, and dur
ing the next year the British West
Indies increased their share in the
Canadian sugar trade from "a per
cent to rs per cent, while Germany
furnished less than a per cent Of
Canada's imports Of sugar.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Enier-Coloni0l Conference
Soon Seems LIKELY

There have been indications that
Great Britain would welcome some
arrangement which would keep the
trade Of the West Indies within the
empire, but the feeling in the United
Kingdom, rs well as in Canada, APP
pears to be that any such movement
must develop first among the West
Indian colonies themselves. The Ca
madam government made plain the
favorable attitude of this country
by Offering the preferential trade
agreement Of 1912. The latchstring
is still out end the light burning.
Conference between representa-
tives Of the West Indies and those
Of the Dominion probably will be
held within the next few months to
discusss questions relative TO the
subsidized steamship service and at
such meeting consideration Of at
least one of the several plans for
closer trade relations is moro than
probable The principal proposals
are.
/. That a customs union be entered
into by Canada, and individually by
such OF tho British West Indies as
may consent TO an arrangement OF
his kind, and that it be made pcrma-
nent by an act of the British Paria-
ment
2. That there be political as we'll
as commercial union between Canada
and the British West Indies, the LAT
ter accepting the status Of one or
more provinces in the confederation
of a Greater Canada, which prefer
ably should also include Newfound-
land.
g. That the question Of commercial
or political union with Canada be de-
ferrcd until the British West In
dies themselves shall have been fed
Grated
Only Trinidad, British Guinea,
Barbados, st. Lucia, st. Vincent,
Antigua, St Kits, Dominica and
Monserrat, with Canada, were the
signafories to the original recipro-
city agreement of April 8, 1912,
which provided for mutual prefer
ence by way Of a reduction of 20
per cent from the general tariff
schedules on limited list Of COM
modities- The concessions were ex-
tended by Canada gratuitously to
the Bahamas, Bermuda, British
Honduras, Grenada, Jamaica and
Newfoundland for period of three
years Grenada has since granted
the reciprocity preference to the
Dominion. The other colonies, and
especially Jamaica, have continued
shy of the Canadian agreement be-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Vest Indies Linked
Commercially With u. S.

Exporters in the West Indies are
reported to have stated that their
profits have been rs per cent higher
on shipments Of West Indian pro-
ducts direct to Canada than when
similar shipments have been made
through United States handlers.
Export trade from Canada to the
British West Indies has not de-
veloped to the extent that had been
hoped, owing to the geographical
advantage Of the United States
manufacturer and his lower costs of
production. Perhaps, in part, the
fault has been that of the Canadian
producer and trader. The Dominion
government maintains a trade COM
missioner at Bridgetown, Barbados,
who IS agent also for the Bermudas
and British Guiana. In addition
Canadian commercial agents are
stationed at Port Of Spain, Trini-
OetNt anu az 4NdSodQ, DdudlIldS, ana
their work has met with some sue
cess. The customs preference, how
ever, on many manufactured COM
modltles has not been sufficient to
offset the handicap under which the
Canadian producer is working.
Much Of the Canadian export trade
with the colonies of the Caribbean
has been in foodstufs, such as
wheat flour, potatoes, fish, etc.
The war has demonstrated that
geographically the colonies in ques
ton are tributary to the United
States, and, to the chagrin of Cana
dian interests, the United States ap-
parently has regarded the islands
and mainland colonies as logically
economic dependents of the repub-
nc. Not only were suggestions
made which would have involved
sacrifices of Canadas flour trade
with the British West Indies. but
the United States greatly strength
ened Its commercial relations with
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Union Might Aid
Productivity

Canadian banks long have had
branches in all the important Wet
Indian islands and in the mainland
colonies. In the Bahamas, for cx-
ample, the Royal Bank of Canada
has been doing business since 1903
| and is now intrusted with the gov,
, ernment's accounts. The Canadian
steamship lines have provided q
splendid mail, passenger and freight
service under subsidy, and the COM
pany has announced its plans for
expenditure Of $1,5OO,000 for a new
hotel and racctrack for Bermuda.
The possibilities of commercial
union are Indicated by the fact that
under existing arrangements only
one-tenth Of the wheat flour i'm
ported by the Jamaicans is brought
from Canada. On the other hand,
E. l.. Peasc, Canadian manager of
the Royal Bank of Canada, has sad
that eff confederation could be of-
fected the British West Indies would
soon be producing 100000 tons
of sugar annually, while their pres-
ent production does not exceed
100000 tons" And, indeed, there
IS no apparent reason why the Brit
ish West Indies, with a preference
in the Canadian market, should not
duplicate the experience of Cuba,
which, under a preference in the
United States market and with the
investment of American capital, IN
creased It's production of sugar
within few years from an average
of 100000 tons to more than 80
100000 tons annually. The com-
mercial stimulation of Cuba and
Porto Rico has afforded an impress
sive object lesson for the British
colonies in that section of the world,
Can these colonies gain exclusive
benefits in the Canadian field with,
out sacrificing unduly their present
markets in the United States? Thij
question promises still TO be tht
crux Of the entire problem of closeit
commercial relations with the Dol
minion of Canada. There IS thi}
much, at least, in favor Of political
union, instead of commercial union
only that the United States has too
much at stake to risk a trade war
with Canada.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Union Would Make
Canada SeEf.SuMcient

AS Canadian publication has said:
"lt certainly is a glorious vision.
Canada already constitutes one-third
Of the area Of the British Empire. If
to this vast territory were added
Newfoundland, which is as big as
Ireland, and the West Indies, which
are larger than New Zealand and
have twice its population, the Do
minion of Canada would come sec
ond only to Russia in size and di
versity of resources as a single unit.
Although Canada is larger than the
United States, we have not that
wide range of climate and of apri-
cultural products of which the latter
can boast. But if the West Indies
were brought into the confedera-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

attempt is being made to overcome
their reluctance to take what they
would have 81 difficulty in financing
by virtue Of an arrangement which
Will mean the supply Of commodities
against u charge on the indcmntics
to be received by them from Ger
many, but the matter has not been
fully elaborated and the extent to
which the government would be in
yolvcd financially in matter Of this
kind Is not yet clear.
The attitude Of foreign countries
is not, OF course, the sole reason
why exports fail to expand in rapid
fashion. The volume Of goods avail
able is in many directions still
limited, there is an embargo on
goods required for home consump-
ton, or home manufacture, and on
goods directly or indirectly benc-
fitting by subsidy or purchase by the
state. Troublesome questions might
arise if commodities Of the latter
character came into competition
with unaided goods. These, in brief,
arc the considerations which are
guiding official action at present.
1t is intended to cover a period ad-
mittedly transitional, and it is pro-
posed to review the whole subject
afresh not later than September /.
There should be clearer outlook by
that time, but some of the more
eager spirits find the delay in reach
ing q clear cut policy extremely ink
some. 1t may be said that the free
trade element is satisfied with the
current intentions and is prepared,
more or less, to wait and see, while
the more robust tariff reformers
want to commit the government out
of hand to thorough going protec-
ton, on the plea that manufacturers
cannot be expected to strike out
boldly and put large sums into new
enterprise unless assured that n
scientific tariff will guard them
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

seas trade was lost while the nations
were concentrating upon war work.
The special circumstances created
by the necessity Of maintaining the
blockade Of the enemy until such
time as the peace Of the world has
been finally assured by the accept
ancc Of the Alice terms and the
means which will he insisted upon
for their enforcement must be con.
sdprcd.
This is somewhat formidable cata-
loguc and there is no denying the OK
istence Of n good deal Of rcstivcncss
regarding the possibility Of the
definite erection Of machinery on
the pattern Of the working model of
protection which has been involun
tarlly set up during the war. The
country has had an object lesson.
The scarcity Of goods created by the
natural shortage and the necessity
Of artificial restriction have led to an
outburst of prodtecring that has
caused the nation to think. The real
effect Of high prices upon the great
majority has been masked by the
rise in wages, but this panacea has
brought into existence Widespread
economic troubles and, although the
authorities are under pressure from
time to time Of the extreme school.
the opinion is still strongly held that
FOR nation so dependent as Great
britain upon the products Of others
the full-blooded form of protection
is unsuitable.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
imc Unripe )or
EinnL Decisions

Whether under existing circum-
stances trade would in fact be bcnc-
fitted from heavy customs duties is at
least open to question, but in any
event the time is not ripe for final
fiscal decisions. Great and ncrcas-
ing emphasis is laid on the cxtcnt
Of American rivalry and it is clearly
an active and growing force. The
future, however, will be largely de-
pendent upon the cost Of production
and the price of ocean frcights,
which takes the question into other
and thorny paths, and if the au-
thorltles show desire to feel their
way cautiously it will not be an
easy thing to prove them wrong.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Reciprocity Wnh
The West Indies

A movement for local confedera-
ton of all the British West Indies
and the British territories on the
adjacent mainland now is in prog
ress, and appears to have developed
much greater strength than any pre-
vious effort in this direction. Trade
among these colonies themselves
does not offer any great promise,
however, and the urgent necessity
for an outlet for their products pro-
vides an impressive argument
against policy Of watchful waiting
until local federation shall have
been consummated.
Fifteen years ago the British
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Ouer With The Loan!

edmond, Va, April 10.
~ In an address here last
night, in which he APP
pealed to the country to exhibit
the same sort Of patriotism in
support Of the Victory Loan that
was shown by American soldiers
in driving the Germans from
France and saving the world to
freedom, Secretary of the Treas
ury Glass predicted success for
the loan.
"There are people who say the
loan will fail" said Mr.. Glass;
that it must be approached in
coldblooded manner; that the
glamour of war is over. and that
you can't appeal to the patriot
ism of America in asking for
more money. l have told these
croakers that, if l believed this,
| would despair of my country"
Secretary Glass spoke at con-
ference of county representatives
which was held to perfect plans
for the loan campaign.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Commercial Uujon
As Reconstruction hid

The Bahamas Chamber or Com
Inerce has asked the governor to
approach the imperial authorities
with view to inclusion of the Ba-
harnas IN any steamship lines which
may be established between Canada
and the West Indies Sentiment in
Trinidad Barbados, British Hon
du12s, and the other neighboring
colonies, though somewhat divided,
apparently il veering toward an ar
rangement with Canada which
would provide 4 market for the
products of these territories, indie
pendently of the United States, in
return for preferential import treat
ment for Canadian agricultural
products and manufactures Even
in jamaica the most independent of
the colonies Interested, there ap-
pears To be a growing opinion favor
ing q measure of commercial union,
at least, with Canada-an opinion
prompted, no doubt, by the recon-
struction problems of the island and
its postwar trade and financial diff
ficuAihs According to recent IN
formation, the council of Montego
Bay, the SECOND town Of jamaica
has adopted unanimously 4 resolu-
ton TO approach the British govern
mcnt Ito bring about confederation
with Canada, owing TO the increase
Of The cost of products passing
through United StateH clearing
houses to the Dominion. especially
as Canada Is not connected with any
tropical countries from which TO
draw raw materials
Letters from Jamaicans indorsing
the proposal Of a customs union and,
indeed, Of political union rs well,
have been published recently in
CANADIAN newspapers Prominent
Canadians, who cannot be suspected
Of seeking TO serve any commercial
interests Of their own. are endeav-
oring to bring about closer economic
relations while in The West Indies
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

machines into peace craft and 10
The same time 10 develop the COM
merclal market. Much progress has
Leen made, and the recent aefonauti-
cal exposition inspired numerous
bona fide business inquiries, not only
from all parts Of the United States,
but from practically all Of the Gem
trail and South American countries,
and even from Europe.
The industry, therefore, is con-
fronted with the necessity of devel-
oping both its domestic and it's for
eign business. The former shows
every promise of healthy expansion.
The latter is so encouraging that the
Curtiss Acroplane and Motor Corpo-
ration is preparing to send a special
representative to Buenos Ayres.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
4 ne Government
faces a Dilemma

The real demand of the moment is
Tor maximum Of freedom to the
Individual without prejudice to the
controversial matters involved In
any scheme Of fiscal reform. The
government has a difficult task. 1t
is anxious to protect the consumer
by taking off the restrictions on i'm
ports; anxious to assist the manu-
facturer in his efforts to restore
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

the colonies while British and Cam.
dian manufacturers were preoccu
pied with war work, and later
while Canadian shipping service,
were disrupted. For example. ex
ports into the Bahamas from Tho
United Kingdom declined steadl,
from 21 per cent of the colony.
total imports in 1914, to ST. no,
cent in 1917. Imports into thu
island from Canada fell off durins.
the same period from 10 of tbs
total imports to 6 per cent, wbjle
imports from the United STATES
which in 1914 already represented
1916 per cent of the islands total
imports, in 1917 totalled S4.2 pey
cent. During the same period. i'm.
ports into Canada from the Ba.
hamas more than trcbled in value
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

HIfftfa tcrTrt7 cn"""ff
ONDON, April In recent
address 10 the shareholders
So Of Iloyds, ono Of the great
est English clearing banks, j. Beal-
mont Pease. tho deputy chairman,
used a phrase which promises to be-
come Classic
1t has been employed since by
many critics Of the government.
When endeayoring to impress upon
the authorities a full sense Of their
responsibilities regarding the work
Of national reconstruction and the
innumerable questions Of the first
magnitude which it involves, Mr..
Pease's demand for more eight and
air" on the industrial and economic
problems which are agitating the
world IS reiterated. The financial
ana commercial community, If not
exactly gagged and cropping in the
dark can, no doubt, make out a
claim for better supply Of both
commodities, Indispensable for the
sound health Of the body polite. No
definite statement Of future fiscal
policy has been made since the sign
ing Of the arrnistice and the only
proposition to which the govern
nent may be said 10 have COM
1oitted itself Is preferential treas-
ment Of the colonies.
In q general way It has become
known that in any event the ade-
qnate protection Of "key7 indus-
tries had been decided upon. One
Of the revolutions Of the war war
the extent TO which there had been
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13

q MEXICAN Aircr0ft manu-
"A f"cturera look to Central
and South America for
export business. The reasons are
twofold' First, the natural re-
lation III trade matters which the
Pan-American republics bear to one
another; second, the fact that the
United States originated the air.
plane, and is now in a position to
lead the world in aeronautlcal devel-
opment How soon aircraft export
business will appear depends on in
ternal and external factors which
are receiving the earnest attention
of both the manufacturers and the
government.
The alrplane industry is at once
the newest and potentially the great
est in the United States. Yet il is
the formative period. Although the
Wright brothers were the first 10
fly in a heavier-than-air machins
national consciousness was such that
the lead in experimentation passed
to European countries, and it was
not until the exigencies of war COM
PEELED us to plunge into the work
that aviation began to take the vital
part which it now occupies in Amer
lean military, naval, scientific and
industrial affairs.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1919-04-13
Four Machines
IRE Ready

The Curtiss company has avail
able for export two large flying
boats especially adapted to the car
riage Of either freight or passengers
and two land machines designed or
modified for sport and fast transpor-
tation.
''The export field in Central and
South America is one that impresses
us deeply" said representative OF
the Curtiss company, land we are
preparing to send an agent TO
Buenos Ayres. Our Fl. S. and Fl. 10
flying boats have been worked over
since the war, the former to carry
from six to eight passengers an9
pilot, and the latter from eight ia
Continued on Page I. This sccts"s