The sun., 1919-10-17
enterprise in production? From DIR.
BUTLER's point Of view the answer
must be something like this:

ings, are entitled to take part in the
organization and direction of the in
dustry and to have q voice In deter
mining the conditions under which
their cooperation shall be given and
continued. The policy OF rea-
sonableness will carry US step fur
Their. The industry so conceived and
so organized will have to sell Its prod
uct at a price that will enable It to
pay to those who work with their
hands thoroughly satisfactory wage,
to, those who work with their brains
an appropriate salary, and to those
who work with their savings a def
mite minimum return based upon the
current value of money. As the
wages and salaries must be paid in
any event, 1t Is interest or dividends
upon savings which must bear the
brunt OF any shortage In net income.
The cost OF depreciation and replace
ment is also to be met. When all
these have been provided for, what
ever remains is profit. Reasonable
ness indicates that this profit should
not go to one group alone OF the
three which cooperate in production,
but should be apportioned between
all three groups in accordance with
a plan drawn to meet the facts of a
giyap ipduntr,y .,,,tnn, 80
Industrial organization such as this is
not only entirely compatible with our
American principles OF government
and OF life. but It is nothing more
than a decent application Of those
principles to modern industry. There
would be no wage slavery under
such plan"
Turning to the alternative. the ut
terer of the foregoing extremely lib
eral sentiments concerning the place
of labor in the industrial system dis
cusses the political bearings with equal
candor and courage:
Until the millennium comes and
until selfshness and greed disappear
from the world there will be no fric-
tionless Industrial machinery All
that can be hoped for is to apply the
methods of reasonableness and to
support those methods of good will
by sympathy and by kindly criticism
of happenings as they occur. This
way lie peace, PROCESS and the pres
ervation of American institutions and
ideals.
''If, however, we are not TO use or
are not to be permitted to use the
methods OF reasonableness in dealing
with these problems. then we must
be prepared for the use of force The
alternative Is shocking. 1t would
mean nothing else than the substitu-
ton of anarchy for order, OF physical
power for Justice. and of a perpetual
struggle between changing and con-
fiicting interests for the calm and
temperate discussion Of principles. It
Woulu CcIbdiHl iHNOlNc tHo
destruction of the individuals moral
right to his own property. which right
is itself an attribute of liberty and an
essential condition of social and po-
lltical progress"
OF the insidious doctrine, now
preached and taught, as President
BUTLER points out, in American uni
versities and even in American law
schools, that the State is not any more
fundamental than several other forms
of human associations, and, therefore
has no superior claim upon the loyalty
and devotion of the citizen:
This doctrine is given several high
sounding names. but it is correctly
and bluntly described as the gospel Of
anarchy and disorder, as well as of
the complete destruction of every
thing that mankind has accomplished
during the past three thousand
years"
And, further, with regard to the
strikes of servants of the community
as in the case Of the Boston police:
Nothing more disastrous could
happen to the movement for the i'm
provement Of working conditions, now
going forward SO happily. than to have
the public get the idea that those who
desire improvement for themselves
are willing to conspire against the
peace. order and public service OF tho
whole community. If public servants
were to be assimilated in practice to
employees OF private and corporate
enterprise, and II they were to use
the strike as a mode of enforcing
their requests or demands, then the
American form of government would
have come to an end 1t is
not true that our loyalty to any one
of a dozen of our associations Is the
same in character and quality as our
loyalty to the State. The State de-
mands our primary loyalty because
only through loyalty to it can all
other loyalties have any meaning or
importance"
His conclusion:
ITO solve the real labor problem.
then. we must think straight and
clear regarding facts OF industry and
4hinlr atrai0ht and claar ra0o rd,po