The Bridgeport times and evening farmer., 1919-08-29


 alyzes the terms of the Treaty of
 Peace, as they present themselves
 to an observer regarding them
 from the historical and disin-
 terested point of view. He at
 tempts no criticism but merely
 seeks to make plain what the
 terms mean)
 London, Aug. 29.-It would, Of course, be impossible, within the limits of a brief such as this, to take an imrhense document of over 4OV clauses and attempt an analyzls thereof. All that l can hope to do here is to detach those parts which seem to be at once of a special in forest and still not yet very generally presented to the public: l mean. to emphasize those essential points In the Treaty which are not of com mon knowledge Gas are, for instance. Inc new Western Frontiers of F'rance) and whose special signf1i- canoe may be missed in the dlscus- sions of the moment
 Treated in this fashion the most salient point in the Treaty proper excluding Part I. Articles 1-26 in clusive), which IS outside the Treaty of Peace and establishes the League of Nations-is undoubtedly the fixed 1 presumption that there will continue in Europe as one organized State, with one Government fully in control of all it's parts, a nation identical ! with the German Empire as estab- lished under and by the Hohenzol- lerns in 1871.
 It is this State which is made party to the Treaty, 1t Is this State which is submitted to the cost of reparation, which recognizes the new frontiers. which admits the new States formed upon It's borders; it Is thls State which is the foundation of the whole affair. The very first line of the Treaty proper strikes that note: The boundaries of Germany will be de- termined as follows: and clase after clause continues the same postu- late.
 In other words, the whole of this great structure reposes upon the con- tinuation of that policy, not yet fifty years old, which was the work of Bismarck, and which existed, until a few months ago, as the creation of @ victorious Prussia.
 . It is exceedingly important to note this point, because should such a state of affairs prove unreal, clause after clause of the Treaty will be thereby rendered nugatory.
 Part IL, with which the Treaty opens, concerns the new boundaries of this State. They are, which they are strictly defined, with very trif- ling exceptions, the boundaries of what was for the last forty-seven years the Hohenzollern Empire. ex- cept the parts admittedly Polish and the Reichsland of Alsace-Lorraine, which returns to France under the same boundaries as those of 1871. We all know the other exceptions where the boundaries are not defined, but are left to a novel arrangement.
 Apart from the well-discussed case of the Saare Basin and the debated territory in Southern Denmark which is left to tho decision of a plebisclte, the debatable territory South of East Prussia and a great portion of Upper Silesia are to be given their nation ality by a popular vote, with both of which points we will deal in their turn. But the strictly defined from tier, apart from these points of exception, Is practically indistinguish- able from that of which Bismarck was the author. It is composed of those Germans. and only those Ger mans who entered Into Rismarck's s scheme. It does not include the three million Germans of Bohemia-that is, of the new Czecho-SlovalS State-the Austrian Mark. There is very modification on the Belgian side and that Is all.
 The kernel of the Treaty Is. of course. Part III. which determines the position and character of the new States, and tho relation of this recoE- nized united German State towards them. It consists of Articles 31 to 11T inclusive, and it is the mastering of certain details therein as also the exceedingly important river controls tn Part XII. to which I shall con- fine myself in this article.
 Of the boundary questions by far the most important are the arrange ments upon the Polish frontier. The business of the Polish frontier turns upon three points.
 The first. which Is contained in Article Ss and It's annex. deals with the future of Upper Silesia. The .eoond. which Is found in Articles 9+ to ss inclusive, deals with the Masu- rian region south of East Prussia proper The third (which occupies the whole of Section II and Articles from 100 to 1OS inclusive deals with the new free City of Danzic-the cap ital point of all
 It Is probable Cto divaEate into politics for a momen) that the arti- Ace of plebiscite in Upper Silesia was undertaken by way of mutual concession in known essentials The German Government hoped 10 find il easier to give way after a vote of tho people. the Polish Government could present itself as having made a com promise in favor of self-determina- h ton. There is no doubt of the rela- ' tive numbers in the district. at least roughly. There are. if you count the whole population (of which the Poles are the historic foundation and the permanent part) about three Poles to one German. If you count only the adults and include the German officials of all kinds - rememberins that the Church, for instance. has for generations been organized under German control staffed by Berlin there is stirl a majority of about two Poles to one German. It has been maintained by some that this ma fortty will not appear in the voting,