davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1919-01-02

placed their product at the points where
It would best serve the war needs OF
the country.
The best estimates place the total
production Of bltumlnous coal in 1918
at 5S7.5O0OOO tons This is an Increase
Of about 100000 tons, or approximate
ly 7 per cent. over 1917, which was also
a record year.
This years tonnage has been mined"
II Is stated, under the spur Of war
time necessity with fewer men general
ly In the coal mines than during 1917.
when the output was materially low
er. Reports from virtually every pro-
ducing field 10 the nation indicate that
not less than 10000 mine employees en-
tered the service during the year.
Increased efficiency Of management,
the patriotic desire OF operators ana
employees TO support the government n
prosecuting the war, and a better car
supply and movement unde. the Rail-
roadsAdminlstration are chiefly respon-
sible for the increase.
In order to make more effective this
work the National Coal Association
caused to be taken a census Of nation
alities OF mine employees in the largest
producing fields Returns covered the
nationality Of 4l7OOO men out OF ap-
proximately 100000 engaged. More than
forty nationalities were reported. Of
which the English speaking races num-
bered 2iS355. AustrO-Hungarian 53,4O8.
Italian, 1860, Poles i6,S0i, Russians
9,9si, Germans, 5.5is, French AIS.
Lithuanian 3,767. Grek BOSS. An edu-
cational campaign has ben conducted
Evening journal., 1919-01-02

in nine languages with view OF In
creasing production"
The heaviest production OF the year
was In the Pennsylvania coal flelds,
where the greatest part OF the fuel for
the bis steel mills, munltlon plants and
other wae activities IN the Eastern
States was produced.
One OF the developments Of the year
was a large export trade In coal. a
rough estimate, exclusive OF fuel for
bunker purposes on steamships, is 96,-
000000 tons Of bltumiuous and 2s,000,-
600 tons Of anthracite.
The greatest export trade was to Can
ada, the total being at least 60.OO0,O00
tons: Panama about 10000. Cuba TO-
000000; Brazil 3.500.O00; Argentina,
10000; Chile 100000 and Uruguay
100000 tons.
Coke exports were about 100000
Evening journal., 1919-01-02

Miss catherine Kelly has returned 10
her home In Boston, Mass, after spend
ing the holidays with Miss Mary Holll-
day-Mrs. Francis Lincoln Is spending
a few days in Philadelphia with her
sister, Mrs. L. Sadler-Tho children OF
the Presbyterian Sunday school VIII bs
given their annual treat on Sunday inn
mediately after the service.
Evening journal., 1919-01-02
DELAWARE CITY GOSSIP

Special to The Evening Journal.
DELAWARE CITY, Jan. 2-Mrs
Charles Ash is spending some time with
friends In Washington, d. C.-Mrs. Nor
ton Price left on Monday for Belair,
Md, where she will spend some time
with he" parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Camp
bell.-MIss Marion Price left on Tues
day for Baltimore, Md. where she will
visit her sister, Mrs. Harry Steelmane-
Evening journal., 1919-01-02

tons. much Of It to France and other al
lieu countries Tor use in blast furnaces
and munition plants.
Imports OF coal amounted TO about
6oOO,0OO tons, OF which 90 per cent was
received from Alberta, Manitoba and
Saskatchewan About 100000 tons were
brought from England. $1,000 from
Japan and 1000 from Australia.
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14
VIII Curry al Trlcr. Germany.

Dear Folks: Suppose sou have been
receiving my cards from time to time,
as ! sent them from Limoges, Tours,
Paris, Coblcnz, Tricr. and wherever
clsc ! had a chance to light for few
moments; for ! was doing some tray.
cling, there for a week or 10 days.
Also suppose you had Shclman'S cable
saying | had been ordered to Ger
many,
The last journey | have undertaken
was started at Limoges, France, the
morning OF Feb. 10, 1919. In company
with i've others we journeyod to PARIS,
where we arrived about II u. MI
think ] wrote you from there. Paris
Is 80 full Of people, that the provo.
mar. would not lot US stay all night
thcrc-and | hadn't been TO bed for
three nights then-having been to
TO Paris and back only the day before.
He shot Us out Of town on the S:lS,
which left at another station, clear
across town, They would not checl;
our barracks bags, the train was jam
med, so wc-barracks bags, packs, q
colonel, three majors, some other Off
GERS, soldiers-frcnch, English and
American-spent that night in tho
corridor Of "a queer German railroad
coach, arriving at Metz at 1870 the
following morning, my fourth night
without sleep.
Metz is entirely in the hands of tho
French, so we could not get out OF
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14

the station; and there was new rule
tary trains only. There was no train
until around $500 y. NJ, so after help
ing unload some nurses baggage We
went TO a French Red Cross cantccu
where we got some fish, imitation cof-
fee and bread. The train came and We
discovered We had lost all Of our bag
gagc.-but We went on 10 CoblenZ-
getting there in the "wee sma" hours,
With no place TO stay we made the
station waiting room a havcn--nearly
slccplcss, to be sure, but II was hav-
On, beings rs how II was my fifth
slceplcss and bedless night. Came
daylight and We sailed forth in search
Of wash and food; found both at a
Y. NJ. c. A, hotel, and then reported,
Our party was divided, two remained
at Coblcnz while we four were sent to
duty here. We were, however, given
permission to stay the day and night
In Cobcn1. We "sight saw" all day
and slept ALL night--such good sleep
in "A Y. NJ. {. A. dormitory. Also dur
ing the day we told our story Of lost
baggage to a kindly disposed II. 7. o.
ann NlltH We W'Ht w WI hteht
the next morning mt S:0O-there II all
was. lie had 'phoned to Metz and had
had II sent up to us. We never saw
him again to thank him.
We got to Trier about noon--(my
letter seems largely leaving some
place at midnight and arriving some
other place ut noon). Got feed at
the Red Gross, and went out to our
new home-Evacuation Hospital No.
3. But last night new bunch came
in, No. 3 will be relieved at midnight
tonight, and we will become part Of
Evacuation No. 10, for the time being.
do not know our exact status-we
are expert typists attached to Head
quarters, Third Army-(Army Of Oc-
cupation)-and supposed to 20 where
our services are most needed. The
c, o. we have now is a dandy-a reg
ular army man. Lieutenant Colonel,
who knows what he wants, and gets
lido your best for him and you'll
get q square deal is the way ] size
him up-and in the short time | have
been here l have spent much time in
his office.
Trier is a very interesting place
Oiu anu uuaint' anu dCcoiuihS W Tic
legends, was founded by the Romans
long before even Rome itself was
founded. II contains many buildings
(still good), ruins, remains, etc., that
make the ancient landmarks of Linn
goes look puny. Here we encounter
such dates as 237 b. c., 1900 before
Rome, First century, 70 A. d., Second,
Third and Fourth centuries, and the
Fifteenth and Sixteenth centuries are
as common as yesterdays.
While we are not very far into Ger
many here 1--WE were further inland at
Coblenz)-this country does not seem
very hard hit by the war. The peo-
pie look well fed, contented, well
clothed--they have plenty Of every
thing to sell except soap and choco-
late. 1--WE are allowed to buy no food
stuffs from the Germans.) They have
plenty Of coal, lights, street cars (bet-
ter than Limoges). We are allowed
to have nothing whatever to do with
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14
Napier and Vicinity.

Fred Cottier was in Omaha,
Tuesday, on business.
MIR. and Mrs. Frank Skcels visited
Sunday at the c. c. Brown home.
Thursday Of last week being Al
bert Browns l4th Birthday, his
friends got up surprise, which was
well carried out. They all met at u
fixed place and made the call at about
1880 o'clock Those present were;
Mis-. c. H. Patterson and son, CHARTS,
and sister. Bertha Bngelee; J. l..
Gould and wife; Lee and Ethel Byrd;
Curtis and Elton Hiles; Ivan Bunker,
Arthur Paxton, Earl Mcclure and
CLYDE Brown. Albert received many
beautiful and useful presents, for
which he was very thankful. and after
spending the evening, playing games,
the guests left at late hour, wish
ing him many more happy birthdays.
c. II. Patterson was in ST. Joseph,
Thursday, on business.
Word was received in this neigh
borhood that William Movies. former.
/ IL Of this district. but now Of Mound
City. was dead. Mr. Movies leaves
wife and one daughter Mildred, be-
side many relatives and friends TO
mourn his death.
c. r. Rosling and wife and son.
Dale. or Clearmont, Iowa, were visit
ing with Mrs. RS parents, Mr.. and
Mrs. Alfred holland, in Napier, Sun
day.
Frank Skeels and wife were in
Mound City. last week and while
there Frank attended the Terhunc
hog sale. and purchased fine brood
SOW. for which hc paid $1,000.
We understand that Woodrow
Wilson is thinking Of running for
Constable Of Minton township. Give
up the idea. Woodrow, for T.. l.. Craig
h. too popular a man.
Albert Brown. who was kicked
by a horse of which We made mention
las, week. il getting better, We arc
, glad to say.
). T.. Gould spent Sunday even.
At the &. {. Brown home.
There was no school Tuesday on
account Of Wm. Movies death.
C. &. Brown aud Lee Byrd were
In Forest City, Friday, on business.
--Chas. Thornhill and son, Clinton
visited Sunday, at the {. {. Brown
home. MEMO.
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14

the Germans. except what Is required
in ordinary business relations. We
never notice them on the street: they
are very respectful and step aside to
allow Us 10 pass. Seems funny TO be
living with people and still have
nothing to do with them.
From what can see both France
and England suffered much more In
the war than has this part Of Ger
many.
The Y. NJ. c. A. and Red Cross and
Knights OF Columbus are up here.
All have taken over big music halls
like the Fest Halle at Coblenz, hotels,
theaters, or some such buildings,
where they provide all sorts of amusc-
mcnt for the soldiers. There are sew
eral enlisted men clubs, halls, libra
ries and such around here. To date
have seen no person know, although
| know there are any number OF my
, acknowledgements and otherwise
up here.
We are quartered in a huge German
Kascrn-brick and stone buildings, OF
two and three stories, built about n
square or court, that is block or
so wide, and two or three blocks long.
| We are in what Is called West Tricr,
across the. Moselle river from Trier
proper. Trier is sometimes written
Treves, that is the old name for the
city. One side Of the kasern juts up
! against a huge red stone mountain
which rises abruptly for 600 feet or
/ so. viii enclose a picture II ] can
find one. Gives "A peculiar appear
ance, for when ! step out of the office
the hill across the square looks at first
like storm clouds. The weather here
Is not at all bad, that is cold, al
though II has been somewhat rainy
and misty since our arrival.
On top of this hill are several
monuments - one especially that
stands on the very edge, overlooking
the river. Mean to get on top some-
| time and take look around. Passes
are not as plentiful here as l have
been used to. Always carried q per-
manent pass with 28. Here we have
to ask, and sometimes do not get.
have not, however, been turned down.
as yet.
My work here is with Service Rec
ords-and won't be hard, except at
times, when l get them Strengthened
out. t..
Nearly time to eat-we fare pretty
well, so will close. This will give you
a sort of a line on me until l can
write again. l never expect to get
any more mail myself until return
to the states, but at times hope I, will
be pleasantly disappointed. We shall
see. 'art :.
Love to all and write anyway--all
of you. Don't know now when I will
be home. Peace is much worse than
war.
Again, love to all. w q
As Ever, WILL.
Trier, Germany, February 16, 1919,
Evac. Hospital No. 10, A. p. o. $40.
A. E. Forces, Third Army.
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14
Sicrl Sicph,nson bend.

News reaches US Of the death of
II. $. tStcrl) Stephenson. which oc-
Cured ut Los Angeles, California, On
Thursday Of last week, March @, at
the age Of 60 years. lie Is survived
by his wife and two daughters, and
one son. A brother, George, and three
sisters. Mrs. Albert Markt, Mrs. viii
Mnrkt, and Mrs. Trcss Vincent, OF
this city, also survive. Stcrl was 4
son Of the late John Stephenson, one
Of the early settlers OF southern Holt,
and he was born In Atchison county,
March Ia, 1859. and came here with
his parents when a mere babe. We
hope for an obituary, next week.
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14

Major Roscoe Stewart has been not.
flied at Washington, u. C., of the ar
rival in his family Of u son, Robert
iIcll Stewart, born Tuesday evening
ut st. Joscph's Hospital. The proud
father Immediately wired that he
would arrive in Boonyillc very shortly
Ia inspect the new recruit. Grand
father {. {. Bell, ST., Is giving his
nov grandson initial instruction 80
that he may give the proper salute
upon the arrival Of HE sire, and SUI
pcrior commandcr.--Boonvillc, NO.
Republican, March q. 1919. The
grandmother of this late arrival was
formerly Anna l.uckhardt, Of this
city, and one Of the dearest girls that
ever answered the call Of the old Orc
gon school bell.
The Holt County sentinel., 1919-03-14

For Sale-Cord wood, buzxed
Call or see,
ELDER B. H. DAWSON. :
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
Australians Fond of Meat.

Australian appetites are quite no
bust judging by recent statistics
which show that the average Australian
eats every year 264 pounds OF meat
which works out at an average or TWO
sheep and one-iifth of bullock ior eV-
cry man, woman and baby iii Austral-
asia! He eats more than twice as
much as the average Englishman, three
times us much as the average trehch-
man, and four times as much as the
average German or Swiss. In addition
he consumes about three ana three
quarter hundredweights of wheat TWO
and half hundredWeights or pota-
toes. and almost one hundredwei2h'
of sugar. If he is Il Tasmanian he eatS
quarter of ton of potatoes Ill
year.
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
Lawyer Unearths Interesting In
formation About "SmoCk
Marriages."
were COMMoNCENTURY AGO
Brides Appeared in Scant Attire to
/ Protect Husband From Liability for
Her Debts-Various Expedients
to Preserve Modesty.

Bangor. Maine.-A Bangor lawyer
attending court in the ancient town of
Wiscasset, Lincoln county, recently
went rummaging in the Colonial court
records of the place and in the course
of his reading came across the official
registration of 'smock marriage.
Not knowing what smock marriage
was. the lawyer hooked farther, and
got considerable light upon Il strange
custom prevalent in England cen
fury or more ago and also to some ex-
tent in the American colonies.
Smock marriages were weddings
where the bride appeared dressed in
white sheet or chemse. The reason
for such Carb was the belief that If
II man married woman who was in
debt he could be held liable for her
Indebtedness if he received with her
any of her property; and also, that If
n woman married man who was in
debt. his creditors could not take her
property to satisfy their claims If he
had received nothing from her at
marriage.
In England. says an antiquarian.
there was Mt least one case where a
bride was clothed in puris naturnibns
while the ceremony was being per
formed in the great church at Birming-
ham. The minister at first refused
to perform the ceremony. but. finding
nothing in the rubric that would ex-
cuse him, he finally married the pair.
To carry out the law fully as the
people understood it. the ceremony
should always have been performed as
it was in the church at birmingham.
in the case noted, but, modesty for
bidding. various expedents were used
to accomplish the desired end without
the unpleasant features.
Sometimes the bride stood In n
closet and put her hand through a hole
in the door; sometimes she stood be-
hind a cloth screen and put her hand
out at one side; again, she wound
about her white sheet furnished by
the bridegroom, and sometimes she
stood in her chemise or Smock. Event
ually, in Essex county at least, all i'm
modesty was avoided by the groom
furnishing all the clothes worn by the
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
Reveal
Queer Ceremony

bride, retaining title TO the same in
This he did in the presence of
witnesses, that he might be able to
prove the fact in case he was sued
for any debts, she might have con-
tracted
A marriage of this kind occurred at
Bradford In 1773, and the following is
q true copy of the record of the same:
Bradford, Dec. We "a, 1918.
THIS may certifie whomsoever it may
concerne that James Bailey of Brad
ford who was married to the widow
Mary Bacon Nov. % last past by me
We subscriber then declared that he
took said person without anything of
estate and that Lydia the wife of
Eliazer Burbank & Mary the wife of
Thomas Stickney and Margaret the
wife Of Caleb Burbank all of Bradford
were witnesses that the clothes she
then had ON were OF his providing and
Bestowed upon her.
WILLIAM BALCH,
Minister of ye Gospel.
1t Is noted by the same writer that
in all cases of smock marriages that
have come to his notice the brides
have been widows.
1t is thought that during the reign
of George III there were many smock
marriages in Maine, then part of the
province of Massachusetts Bay, chief
ly in the counties of Lincoln and York,
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
MAIL SERVICE BY
AIR is SUCCESS

Wilson and other officials figured prom
inently. and sent letters just before the
aviator started. Since that time the
service has continued without inter-
ruption.
Postage for airplane mail at the time
was fixed at fifteen cents an ounce, the
postoflice department figuring that
speedy delivery made that price fair.
In addition to being carried by air
plane the letter was to be specially
delivered which ordinarily costs ten
cents in addition to letter postage.
Airplane mail service continued on
paying basis for n timt, until the nov
city wore off. Many persons at first
used the airplane mail for its novelty.
and the letters carried We're unimpor-
tant. apparently. At any rate. after
few months. the sale of airplane stamps
dwindled. as did the mail
Reduction in Rate.
Then the postoffice department de-
cided TO fill the pouches when possible
with ordinary first class letters. This
was continued until July IS. when the
rate for arplane postage was, reduced
from fifteen cents to two. 1t is prob
able now that this rate will be con-
tinued, for while the service does not
pay for itself the added facilities in
deliveries are regarded by the post
office department as worth the price.
When the service was started the
poStofIice department co-operated with
the war department. which supplied
the airplanes and the aviators. This
arrangement had been suggested by
the chief signal officer of the army.
who saw in the project an additional
means of training aviators for the
western front
Army participation continued until
last November when it was agreed for
the sake of efficiency that t e entire
project should be taken over by the
postoffice department.
For this reason the service now is
entirely in the hands of the postofiice
department and the aviators are of
civilian status. However, the pilots
now engaged in the work have come
largely from the army. beng officers
discharged from the service at the end
of the war.
The type of airplane used is the ordi-
nary Curtiss machine but the post
office department is preparing and. if
congress provides the funds, will soon
put especially built airplanes at work.
These new airplanes are designed
primarily for carrying mail. stabilized
automatically. so tl.at there is no dan
ger of crash. In this regard they
will be different from the army type
machine. in which ability to maneuver
rapidly is an element of safety.
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
Same Toe.

This youngster is one of the type
that constantly is falling over some
thing. He has entire summers of sore
toes because he "stumps" them. His
mother, wearying of tying up his
wounds. said to him on his most recent
call for first aid:
"Son. if you stump another toe I'm
going to punish you"
An hour later she heard the famil-
lar yelp. He had gone DOWN in action
again.
"Another toe" the mother muir
INJURED. She prepared to make her
word good. 81 told you I'd whip you
if you stumped another toe. Come in
the house."
mo, mother, you're wrong" the boy
whined nppealingly. "This is the same
toe"
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30

or in the territory which is now so
known.
Practice Died Before Revolution.
There is nothing to show that the
practice outlived the revolution. In
Maine, up to 1852, u husband was lia-
BILE for debts of his wife contracted
before marriage, and no such subter-
fuge as the slnock marriage could re-
lieve him.
Smock marriages were frequently
performed in Vermont about century
ago. They We're entirely honorable to
both the participants, for they put
wholly aside all considerations of
financial and selfish interest. Accord
ing to tradition, they all turned out
happily and well they might. The
principle involved in them may be said
to have triumphed in our social life
the great majority of marriages being
now smock marriages in the sense that
the parties are financially independent
of each other
BY the way, one of the earliest and
strongest arguments for woman suf-
| frage was the necessity of relieving
women from the financial bondage that
| they were under to their husbands 30
! years ago. All that woman had then
| practically belonged to her husband.
Wendell Phillips, in his address at the
! first national woman suffrage conven-
ton, held at Worcester in October,
1851. called attention to q curious case
that had lately occurred in this state.
A man married a woman who had
$4,000 OF her own, inherited from her
father. Dying about a year after his
marriage, this man left remarkably
generous and manly will--he left these
$4,000 to his wife. so long as she
should remain q widow!
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
NAMP-ROOT FOR
| KIDNEY AILMENTS

Iere is only one medicine that really
hs out pre-eminent as medicine for
BILE ailments of the kidneys, liver and
Her.
\. Kilmer's Swamp-Root stands the
EST for the reason that it has proven
! just the remedy needed in thousands
thousands of distressing cases.
|np-Root makes friends quickly be-
: its mild and immediate effect is soon
ked in most cases. 1t is a gentle,
ing vegetable compound.
brit treatment at once. Sold at all
stores in bottles of two sizes, medi-
bnd large.
Pwever, if you wish to test this great
hration send ten cents to DR.. Kilmer
b.. Binghamton, N. Y, for a sample
Pe. When writing be sure and men.
this paper.-Adv.
The Bolivar County Democrat., 1919-08-30
caIomeI Today! Sick Tomorrow!
| Guarantee Dodson's Liver Tone
~ take nasty dangerous calomel when bilious,
constipated, haadachy. Listen to mel

few cents under my personal guaran.
tee that it will clean your sluggish
liver better than nasty calonyel; il
won't make you sick and you can eat
anything you want without being sail
waited. Your druggist guarantees that
each spoonful will start your liver,
clean your bowels and straighten you
up by morning or you get your money
back. Children gladly take Dodson's
Liver Tone because it is pleasant tast.
ing and doesn't grippe or cramp o.
make them sick.
I am selling millions of bottles Of
Dodson's Liver Tone to people wisS
have found that this pleasant, vege
table liver medicine takes the place OF
dangerous calomel. Buy one bottle or
my sound, reliable guarantee. Ash
your druggist about me.-Adv.