davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13

OF gratitude on our shoulders.
Then there 10 a disposition. fed BY
Hl-informed soldier gossip, to believe
that thetAmerican troops, once In the
field. were deliberately sacrificed TO
save the lives Of allied soldiers. /
have heard men with great bitterness
tell how fresh French divisions. last
summer. were held safely in reserve
while half-trained American dough-
boys were sent in to do the dirftest
bloodiest work. And q prominent
American who was In France during
the last phases told me how the Brit
ish sent forward our two divisions In
the north to storm the Hindenbury
line and kept the more experienced
Australian corps behind them TO do
the ''mopping up"
Such comments ss these would
arouse amazement and hot anger In
London or Paris. Your Briton or
Freedman would merely remark.
zone million three hundred thousand
Frenchmen killed In action, So.eQ
British. $1,000 Americans" And !
feel most strongly that here. what
ever, the merits of the gratitude"
controversy. Americans are wrong 10
criticise.
Sums Up Eastern Opinion.
To sum up Eastern opinion as I
found II:
The East believes that the treaty,
containing the covenant, will be rat
ifiedA ~
But. for motives partly political
and partly due to genuine misgtv-
ings. the East holds that the Sem
ate will render Article 10 nom
binding on America without the spc-
cific consent OF Congress to our
participation in war at the time the
contemplated aggression in Europe
takes place. and that the Senate
will also provide for the with
drawal Of America from the league
II she so desires, and for a more
explicit reservation of the Monroe
Doctrine from the jurisdiction OF
the league.
The East, on the whole, approves
the treaty with France promising
our aid in the event of renewed Ger
man aggression.
NY story next Sunday will deal
with opinion in the Middle West on
the treaty. the covenant and kim
dred subjects.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
BUY COAL NOW,
DEALERS URGE
U. S. Faces Shortage and
Prices VIII Be S. Per
Ton Higher.

. Order your coal now. Follow up
the order and see that a supply suf-
ncient to last you all winter is
stored in your cellar before the
frost dies If you have to beg or
borrow the money. do so. but get
the coal This is the warning from
local coal dealers.
The country Is already short or
coal miners. More than 1,50O, BOO
are ready to leave the country for
their homes in Europe as soon as
they can procure passports.
The railroads of the country have
several times sounded the warning
Order your coal now" Freight
cars will be used to haul the enor-
nous food crops of the country just
at = time when people ordinarily
order coal. Moreover. supplies for
stricken Europe are being rushed to
the seaboard as fast as locomotives
can haul them.
Aside from all this, Europe Is going
TO set up a howl for more than 40.0o.-
900 tons of coal. England will be In
the grip OF q wage war-over coal
miners wages-and coal In that coun-
Try will command a price sufncient TO
warrant American coal being sent
there for sale In preference to Ameri-
can consumers.
Coal. during the coming winter, II
1t is to be had at all. will be from
"a to IS a ton higher than 1t was dur
ing the winter of 1G7-Io.
Being Continually warned by the
railroads that this will see dearth
of all types Of freight cars. dealers
earnestly advise the public to place
their orders now so that the coal
already on the tracks in Washington's
freight and coal yards may be un-
loaded and the cars rushed to the
mines to be loaded again while the
miners are Al NEnrk
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13

In the decisive issues of war
mere are victors and vanquished:
ne casualties comprise killed
wounded, and prisoners Generally,
capture by the enemy Is the form
II individual calamity most dreaded
~ the gallant soldier who knows
&c Is fighting for the right, and par
Icularly SO il the foe be ruthless
'r treacherous.
In the battle of life as a whole,
analogous conditions and categories
'btain. Tine slain may have fallen
N honor: for the disabled there is
rope of recovery; but the fate OF
he captured is one of apprehension
'r dread certainty. Outlines of hor-
.Cr.
When one is taken prisoner as
he result of venturesome curiosity,
eckless exposure. or disobedience
% orders, he must bear the blame
5 well as the suffering consequent
m capture. Many are prisoners be-
ause thouzhtlessly. wilfully. or de-
tantly. they have trespassed upon
ne DEVILS ground, without warrant
" duty or justifiable excuse. The
oldier's part is to keep within the
ines until ordered forward in at
ack to dislodge the foe
Hosts of capable souls have heed
essly put themselves into the enc
Dy's power by yielding to the
ieacherous invitation to fraternize
fifth sin Such a one is made well
ome in the camp of the foe, and,
1 first a visitor. he sooner or later
80 r.
>srisoner. and withal a deserter from
ranks of patriotism and honor.
Il young man. rich in hope and
Use. sets out to see the world
imself-just to see, that's all,
lys-and is overpowered in the
shop trench or the wanton's
"a prisoner in the power of a
Erciless and exulting foe.
In a stirring proclamation he set
orth the potential dangers of kingIy
lie and admonished the nation to
uard its liberty as a sacred posses
ion,- and to delegate the governing
over to officers of its own choosing.
5hom he called judges. who should
e elected by popular vote. and who
ould be impeached il charged with
liquitous exercise of power and be
emoved if found unworthy, King
Josiah summarized In mastery
ray the fundamentals of true demo-
racy. After reciting the wrongs the
eople had suffered under monarchical
opression. he continued in this wise:
Therefore choose you by the voice
this people. judges. that we may be
7dsed according to the laws which
ave been given you by our fathers.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
ROPER TO INVESTIGATE
LUXURY TAX RETURNS

The Bureau of Internal Revenue
yesterday began a drive to collect the
so-called luxury taxes.
According to unofficial reports, some
dealers have collected the tax from
their patrons, but have not yet
turned it over to the government
Commissioner Roper sent special in
structions to all revenue collectors to
strictly enforce the law where re-
ports have wilfully not been made"
Included in these taxes are those
on soft drinks. jewelry. sculpture, art,
admission. and club dues.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
LEMON JUICE
FOR FRECKLES
Girls! Make beauty lotion
for a few cents-Try it,

Squeeze the Juice Of two lemons into
bottle containing three ounces of
orchard white. shake well. and you
have a quarter pint of the best freckle
and tan lotion. and complexion beau
iifer. at very. very small cost.
Your grocer has the lemons and any
irug store or toilet counter will supply
.hree ounces of orchard white for
'ew cents. Massage this sweetly fra
grant lotion into the face. neck, arms
md hands each day and see how
.lear. soft and rosy white the skin
becomes. Yes! II is harmless and
lever irritates-AdY.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
Pitkin Named Educator.

Trenton. n. j.. July 1.-THE sp-
pointment of Edgar A. Pitkin. as
sistant superintendent of schools in
Newark. N. J., as assistant State
commissioner of education in charge
of elementary education was con-
firmed today by the State Board OF
Education.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
SERGT. YORK AND NC-4
PILOT GIVEN MEDALS

Columbus Ohio. July 12.-CoL Alvin
C. York, Known as the greatest
Yankee soldier. and Lieut.. Comdr. A.
C. Read. of the NC-4, were given a
,big reception at the Methodist Gen.
tenary Exposition today.
This afternoon they were presented
by centenary officials with medals.
commemorating their achievements.
Conservation day will be celebrated
tomorrow The services will end with
an evangelistic mass meeting in the
grandstand Sunday night
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
VIII Teach Shipping Subjects.

Courses in naval architecture and
related subjects will soon be COM
mon in large educational institutions
Of the country, in the opinion of
officials of the Shipping Board. In
response to inquiries. many univer-
stiles and colleges indicated that
they are preparing to give instruc-
ton in these branches.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
'lo4l SERBIAN HEROES
COMING TO Fl. MYER

Fort Myer ofncers are expsctipG the
arrival. within the next week. o.
i.c1 csecho-s,ovsk troops. on their
way home TO Bohemis from Siberia
The veterans left San Diego. Cal,
early Friday for Washington. aud
viii remain q the Wright. fort for
some time.
The meh are all veterans Of from
two to i've years. They are CON-
manded by MAJ Vladimir Jirsa-
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13

Wilson. in . passage carefully
noted by Wall Street. recently de-
ciar.d that the aim of labor re-
form ought to be to increases. the
control exercised by the workers
over industry. What will happen.
II extremely radical governments
attain power in Italy. France and
Britain. and II an international la
Dor commission. given wide powers
under the treaty, and made radical
by revolutions peaceful or other
wise In Europe. attempts to dictate
to the United States on laboHques-
tons?
Boston Is the city in the United
States where the influence of Brit
ain and France is strongest. From
thi3 cause. Boston from 1914 until
we came into the war was most
anti-German and most anxious to
fight. and today for the same rea-
sons the thought of the league as a
Franco Britannia American alliance
wins favor. I found in Boston, de-
spite the dislike felt there for
President Wilson. stronger sup
port for the treaty and the league
covenant as they stand than in any
other Eastern city.
And there Is less ~ill-feeling toward
the Allies in Boston than In other
cities visited, perhaps because of
what the Bostonese regard as their
greater cultural Affiliations with the
Old World. This distasteful prev
alence of criticism of the British
and the French I found in every city
have SO far visited. among men OF
all sorts. and the subject cannot be
evaded in an estimate OF American
opinion at this time, for 1t enters
into sentiment regarding future CO.
operation with our late associates.
There is widespread resentment
throughout the East at the lack OF
appreciation which. II Is said. has
been shown by Britain and France
for our part In the war.
See U. .. Side Only.
The allies were licked. scores OF
men said to me. when we came in.
We poured 100000 soldiers over
there. we put every scrap of food
and every dollar and every machine
we had into the war. and we turned
the scale and won it. We get moth
ing out of our associates at stne
Peace Conference, not even thanks
British and French public men vie
with each other in explaining now
their heroic troops won the war.
but of Chateau-Thierry one never
hears in London excepting accom-
panied by a sneer. and in Paris the
prime minister himself groups the
American 100000 with the Y. NJ.
! c. A, the Red Cross and the Saliva
ton Army in thanking the United
States for the Assistance rendered"
Americans who have recently been
in Europe for short time are
most bitter in their comments.
The Frenchman or Briton from
TIE first considered the war aga inst
the Hun a struggle of human civil
ization against barbarism. and every
nation that held out he regarded as
Stacker. When the mightiest
Stacker nation" as have heard us
called in London. at last did come
in. he was enthusiastic at the des-
perate moment But. now. that il is
all over, he is inclined to 60 hack
to his old resentment that We did
not come in sooner. shoulder a fair
share OF the sacrifice, shorten the
war by a year or two. And so ne
feels no inclination to shed tears
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
Body Of Drowned
Editor Is Recovered

New York, July 12-The body of a
man in the bay near Coney Island was
today identified as James Martin,
kearney, N. j., who was editor of the
Newark Evening Ledger. The identi-
ncation was made by Chester Beaman,
Rutland Park. Kearney. n. ]. Martin
was drowned last week when a small
boat overturned.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
To find out what the American

To find out what the American
people think about the peace
treaty. the league Of nations. the
agreement with France. the Irish
and Russian questions, Mr.. Bal
derston is travelling ! 5000 miles
throughout the United States. IN
seven stories he will present
opinion as he finds it in every
section. Today he describes
what people are feeling and say
ing in the great cities of the East
Next Sunday he will deal with
the Middle West.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
On the Devils Ground.
Prisoners to Satan.
By DIR. JAMES T.. TALNAGE

the council OF the
salt Lake City. SAINTS
Votes For free
10
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1919-07-13
Labor Clauses Cause Worry.

The labor clauses In the treaty
also worry American big business.
They point out that all over the
Continent excepting in France
most Of all in Great Britain-LaborS
radicalisp is gaining power and
winning concessions as yet I'M
dreamed of in the United States.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
PRESIDENT SIGNED
 OVER SCORE BILLS
 LAST DAY 0F WEEK
Past Week Busiest Ever Ex- perienced at Executive Off, fices, Declare White
 House Attaches
nx Asssalafed Pfssa


 Washington, March 1.-Another
 day of strenuous work by President
 Wilson brought to close what
 White House attaches said was the
 busiest week ever experienced at
 the executive offices.
 Twenty-three bills and joint resolu- tions were signed by the President to- day at odd moments between the re- ception of callers, consideration of do- mestic questions and the making or nominations. These included two gen. eral appropriation measures, the post office bill and the legislative, execu- tive and judicial bill continuing sub treasuries in nine cities. including that at New Orleans. and giving civilian em- ployes of the government in Washing ton war bonus of $240. The bill au- thorizing voluntary enlistments in the army up to 175,000 men and that giv- ing service men their uniforms and 5 cents railroad fare. instead of 3ls cents, also were signed.
 Diplomatic callers took up most of the afternoon, among them being the new ministers from Peru and the king dom of the Serbs, Slovenes and Greats, who presented their credentials After brief conferences with Secretary Dan iels and Secretary Glass on depart mental affairs, the President went with Mrs Wilson for an automobile ride.
 Many callers, including a delegation from the Irish race convention seeking to present resolutions demanding self determination for Ireland. were unable to see the President, but he agreed to meet the delegates after the speech in New York Tuesday night.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
By Associated Pres

H2
 Washington, March 1.-Ships Merchants and Miners Ira O. lon company. engaged in Atlant Mstwise traffic tonight were turned bs. to pri- vate management by the railroad ad- ministration. Officials of the company accepted the relinquishment which here tofore they have protested.
 It is understood here that the com pary will continue operation of the ships, although it was said an announcement concerning the future policy will be forth coming from the company's headquar- ters in Baltimore soon.
 This action restores the last of the coastwise steamship lines not owned by railroads to private management. The Merchants and Miners, together with the Clyde, Mallory and Southern steamship lines, had been taken over by the gov ernment during the war and placed un- der the control of the railroad adminis- tration, which still retains the railroad owned lines.
 The Clyde, Mallory and Southern lines were relinquished from federal manage ment last December B. but the Merchants and Miners refused to take back it's boats, claiming it would be forced to operate at disadvantage with line still under government co'trol.
 Consequently the railroau administra
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
Summary of the News
SECTION A.

A. Loan bill will pass despite repub- lican opposition. Bipartisan attack on league of
 nations.
 Foch presents military terms of
 peace treaty
 oil lease bill killed by LaFollette. 2-Zonists thanked by Tumulty. 3-Stories of day from Washington. 4--Editorial 5--War camp community service to
 inform public on Birmingham. Official citation of Capt. Mortimer
 Jordan.
 Many expressions of regret over
 MT. Gray's death. 6-Sports. 7-Bunn's report to review work of
 association. s-Plans adopted for new high school. 9-Dr. Rountree to teach first aid at
 Ensley.
 SECTION B. Mrs. Wilson gets fun out of every
 minute of trip. 2--Automobiles. 3-New Orleans gay as time ap- breaches for prohimltion. 6--Car sells beyond original price. 7-Boys of 167th smoke Alabama to-
 bacco.
 SECTION c. 1-2--A chronicle of society. 3-Casualty list. 1.-The starry skies in March. 6-Dolly Dalrymple. 7--kilby can already look back on important work done in few short
 weeks. S-Blister ships are British foil for
 submarine wiles. 9-Uruguay now has new constitution. l0-11--Amusements. l2---Week's news among Boy Scouts i3-Services at the churches. 
 SECTION D. Comic Supplement.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02

Paris, March Marshal Foch presented today to the council of the great powers the military terms to be incorpor- ated in the peace treaty.
 These will be considered Monday with the naval terms already submitted to the council
 The military terms provide for the dis armament of Germany down to 20 divi- sions of 10,c00 men each. including 15 di- visions of infantry and five of cavalry. Severe restrictions, are placed on the manufacture of all classes of war ma terials and the military and commer- cial use of the airplane is limited to the minimum.
 Beyond Marshal Foch's presentation of the terms today they were not discussed.
 The naval terms now before the council provide not only for the complete sup presson of Germany's submarine equip ment, but also for the termination of all submarine warfare by all nations throughout the world. thus ending the use of the submarine in naval warfare.
 The provision for dismantlng the forti- fications of Helgoland and the Kiel canal has been made the subject of reserva- tion by Admiral Benson, representing the United States. whereby this shall not be precedent applicable to Ameri- can canal and harbor defenses, such as Hell Gate, Cape God canal and others
 The proposal for the destruction of the large German warships is approved in the report by the British and American naval authorities. but the French will make reservations against the destruc- ton of these ships
 The supreme council is expected to pass on this and other naval and mili- tary subjects on Monday.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
10000 DOUGHbOYS EMBARK ON NINE
 VESSELS FOR U, 5.
Battleship Nebraska, H0spi- tai Ship Mercy and Seven Transports Are on Way
 Home From France
sv A,,ocIstsd Pres.

Washington, March 1.-The bat
 ileship Nebraska, the hospital ship
 Mercy and seven transports are on
 the way home from France. with
 nbout 10000 troops.
 The war department announced to- night that the Nebraska was proceed ing to Boston. the transports Caronia, Atenas Ohioan, Suriname. Dochra and the hospital ship Mercy to New York, and the transports Nansemond and Amphion to NewPort News All are expected to reach port before March 14.
 Aboard the battleship, which is due March 9, are Battery F, Fifty fourth regiment, coast artillery corps; four casual companies for Massachusetts, and two regular army and one marine com pany of casuals.
 The Caronia, due March 12. is bring ing home the 317th engineers (negro) complete comprising officers and 1545 men, the 137th engineers train, the 3soth machine gun battalion, Batteries E. and F, 34sth field artillery; Company H, 367th infantry, detachment of 36Sth infantry, one casual company each of New York and Illinois men, and de- tachments of the 92d division and a number of casuals. including A nurses.
 The Nansemond is expected to reach Newport News March 10. with the 53d regiment, coast artillery corps. 25 off cers and 143S men; the 74th engineers. 21 officers and 103S mem the 56th engineers, 2S officers and 952 men; 5bth train, 596 men; Cement NH Company No. 3. for Camp Meade; two casual companies, each for Ohio, Iowa. Kentucky and Arkansas; one each for Colorado, Illinois and Wisconsin, and more than 300 sick and wounded.
 The Ohioan, due March 12, carries the 34sth infantry machine gun com pany, Companies c, G. H, K, l., Nj; san itary detachment headquarters of the Second battalion, comprising 5 officers and 1216 men, and casual companies for New York, Ohio and Iowa. The Atenas, due March 12 has the headquarters Of the Fortieth division. sick and wound ed. and the Surname, due March 12; the Amphion due March 14. and the Dochra, due March IA. are bringing small de- tachments and few casual companies. There are many sick and wounded and attachments aboard the Mercy. M
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
PASSAGE LOAN BILL CERTAIN
 DESPITE REPUBLICAN, EFFORTS
 TO BLOCK IMPORTANT MEASURE
Merchants and Miners
 TurnedBack tc Owners byRoad nistration

tion since then has operated the line for the company's account.
 Lower rates on rail and water traffic will be established by the railroad ad- ministration soon, and this is expected to stimulate coastwise traffic. which dur ing the war the government sought to minimize by removing the rate differ ential favoring rail and water routings over all rail shipments.
 In view of the fact that the railroad administration has operated the five lines of the company the past seven months at a loss equal to an absorption of the value of the ships, it is a ques- tion if the lines can now be profitably operated under private ownership. It Is possible reckoning may be had in the court of claims and negotiations are yet pending between the administration and the company that may result in an adjudication chiefly for the continued operations of the line. For more than SO years the company has operated the lines on basis of about $100 for every sS5 dollars expended. The question of an assurance of tonnage and the fixing of rate differentials are yet under con sideration.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1919-03-02
FOCH PRESENTS MILITARY TERMS
 OF PEACE TREATY TO CONFERENCE
Terms Provide for Disarma- ment of Germany Down to 20 Divisions, With Restric- tions on Manufacture of War Material and Use of Airplanes
OFFICIAL COMMUNIQUE
By Associated Press

Paris, March 1.-The official state ment on today's session of the SUI preme council, issued this evening, says:
 The representatives of the allied md assocInted governments met at the Quaf D'Orsay today at 2 p. m.
 "Marshal Foch submitted the re- port of the military representatives on the supreme war council reGard- ing the military conditions to be imposed on the enemy.
 "SignOr Crespf, in the nnmc of the financial drafting committee. sub- mitted the list of questions requir- ing solution which was referred to the financial commission.
 "M. Ciementel. on behalf of the ecO- nome drafting committee, explained the economic questions requiring sO- lutiOn in the peace treaty, which were referred to the economic conn mission.
 '"The next meeting will take place on Monday. March 3, at p. m.o