The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-07-04
2flE HISTORY OF THE SUBMARINE

guccessfni salvagtng sub
= under construction of
" Long island sound Of
1e 1T Connecticut. The sub
AAa already brought tons o
&Ae surface OF the sound from
0nokN that line its shores.
%nahgnArine eent more than 90.
4stenA Of cargo 10 efae bottom o
during the past four years
gTfN&sRAterials such as steel, iron
SckSN$pal. etc. this enormous ton
E@4pte%entA an Intoxicating wealth
80 900, Gee. The United State
F4Ae nations Of the world In re
g<shese raw materials.
e~gn Through the centuries, IN,
ITO to navigate in the depths o.
4s zen has ebsessed the minds o.
INST ~ the adventure of flying
49, heavier-than-air machine ha!
fASfGd men for generations with IL.
nA1ifsed possibilities. Men have al
tkys looked upon the submarine as a
Sg1tenass Or IN salvagtng and war.
8l6& submarine is essentially an
invention Or. David Bush
RxSle lSFAAs IT xduate Of Yale in the class
|Sn3 HTS. tneArfS sank the Eagle" in
s&New York harhor during the Revolu-
d ftonary war ty the use of his little
enc man powered submarine. the
sAfnerican "'Tnrile." From this small
n Nuhmarine really dates the world $
#1medern-s progress IN developing un-
ssaals' Ncr until the period
ssNufsfaRV war between England and ben
B Aule1;oae eohunies was any important
8rro1tAas made.
III Arnerica's First Submarine,
NnshnAlFs Submarine resembled the
y bAGk A1reiss or awe turtles Joined to-
.s.f = r@nnnIfs1 by
screw propeller 70 obtain forward
S0R Tevefse motion.
1S$sA With this submarine a mine was
II p1aeed ruYSdtr The haftom Of the Eng
II fj1a& 1r.eata, Ea gle" anchored in New
@Hoxk bay, hut :. dr-fted clear before
q TN -c1oe@s -Sgots an mechanism caused il
S3fps explode otherwise the ship would
@&AyA+beNn destresod. General Wash
1ngton conaplime nted Or. Bushnell for
- nearly. succeeding in his attemp;
u NJ MINK the ship.
Robert Fuiton'S Undcr-Sca Boat.
II In England, in the presence OF VIII
Ham Pitt, then chancellor, Robert
#nlton. Inventor Of the steamboat
4 hiaN m f4rigste by exploding a mine
slsh Heeed under her by the use
~ B c. O.. -
& ASy1Soo 1 lEaVarian by the name oil
zcontroi was by shifting the weight
GswArd 70 dice and att n rise. Il
3 6At-6ided and fat-decked yes
with mparatively thin plating
~ y boat collapsed in the harbor a.
MI duftnS one OK Its trial trips anc
Exclaimed partly buried in the mud un
s1167, At that time il was located
I&ting the deepening of the harbol
1kl taken to Berlin, where II is now
&E4&f IN the Museum of oeeanograph,
m exhibit Of Germany's first sub
1dx1ne.
111e Man Of War Sunk by Submarine
m 10 further important progress il
k4eorded In the art OF suhm arine war
9Se until. the Civil war, Then tn
hWeaerates built several small boat
.fGAA led ''Deyfds :" One Of these wa
Atn0d the "Hunley' after her de
L her. During her brief career. thi
Nh4t euffocated or drowned thirty
#446 men, including her designer.
On the night of February II, 1854
Dixon in the Hunlay" ap
apf4ached the L. s. S. Housatonic AM
h3Ak her by exploding a torpedo un
1ef her bottom.
The last generation knew OF IN
New ORLEANS" submarine Accord
L xng to the story told by native o
New Orleans, this vessel was built t.
AAeetroy Nothern ships during the Civi
81 NtAr. when SIS was completed, tn
H a3oi&ner Thought it would be a. goo
n the water as she left the ways. max
II = spectacular dive and then appear o,
4 no surface.
HI teck two Of his most intelligen
SLAVES and carefully showed them HOY
n ~ operate the vessel when submerged
4nAn they launched her In 'front.' or
3nFge Assem- hled crowd. Two negroe
then entered the submarine and care
II fully sealed the hatch cover. TIL
&EvA&sel was launched with good spec
4 md disappeared. according to the pro
Nafem, but 1t did not reappear.
81 SEARCH was made for her with swee
4 31hes and graphing hooks. but sh
could NOT be found
The mystery of what became OF tn
Il New Orleans grew with the years, un
y III she WAS finally located during
drtdging operation, half buried in tn
4 iMnd in the bottom of the harbor
On gopening the hatch, the skeleton
0ffthe slaves were found within.
The ..Intelligcnt Whale"
During the years 1853 and 1854
4 MNesrs. Bourgeois and Brum hrough
q out for the French navy the IarEes
and in some respects, the most com
pletely equipped submarine produces
during the eighteenth century. Thi
vas called lie Piongeur." Mr. o. S
n H4lssead, Of Newark, N. j., completed
II u 1885 a submarine vessel on which
he United States government made
\ rArtial payrnrnt. This vessel wa
4 k)RpwR as the&lntelligent Whale" ]
{ Is now installed as a permanent exhi
u bit on the green at the Brooklyn nav
] yard. New York.
& Daring Plot Against War Vessels.
Nr.-I.-P~-Uolland in 1875. built I
L submarine -sS~Asel~ called the "Fenia,
Il Rasp ,sssslt sEAs thirty feet long -ans
4 six. tfet IN ,4dlAneier. Holland was j
56i teacher in ireland, from which
Il c4nntry he WAS exiled, because Of hi.
p4lttical beliefs, On coming to tn,
IN lifted States he became affiliated with
~ FensaA movement. The money Il
y h4tld the Eenian Ram was subscribed