Five Mile Beach weekly journal., 1919-08-29

lueul as we KNOW IL, Is pOSSlDIe only
with highly educated populations and
a large force of men who are capable
of government. Few of the men who
compose these governments have had
any actual experience at governing
and their populations are woefully IL
literate.
"They will require a generation of
actual national life in peace to de-
velop free education and skill in gov
eminent,
UNLESS these countries have a guild
ing hand and referee in their quarrels,
a court of appeals for their wrongs,
this Europe will go back to chaos.
If there is such an institution, rep
resenting the public opinion of the
world, and able to exert It's authority,
they will grow into stability. We can
not turn back now.
"There is another point which also
needs emphasis. World treaties hith-
erto have always been based On the
theory of a balance of power. Strong
er races have been set up to dominate
the weaker, partly with a view to
maintaining stability and to a greater
degree with a view to maintaining oc-
equations and positions for the re-
dictionaries of the world.
1.-The balance of power is born of
armies and navies, aristocracies,
autocracies, and r~eactionaries general
ly, who can find employment and
domination in these institutions, and
treaties founded on this basis have
established stability after each great
war for a shorter or longer time, but
never more than a generation.
america came forward with a new
idea, and we insisted upon its injec-
ton into this peace conference. We
claimed that it was possible to set
up such a piece of machinery with
such authority that the balance of
power could be abandoned as a relic
of the middle ages. We compelled an
entire construction of this treaty and
every word and line in it to bend to
this idea.
OutSluc VI Tie LEAGUE VI 4NollOlo
the treaty itself has many deficiencies.
1t represents compromises between
many men and between many selfish
interests, and these very compromises
and deficiencies are multiplied by the
many new nations that have entered
upon it's signature, and the very safety
of the treaty itself lies in a court of
appeal for the remedy of wrongs in
the treaty.
Benefits of the League.
zone thing is certain. There is no
body of human beings 81 wise that a
treaty could be made that would no
develop injustice and prove to have
been wrong in some particulars. AS
the covenant stands today there is a
place at which redress can be found
and through which the goodwill of
the world can be enforced. The very
machinery by which the treaty is to
be. executed, and score of points yet
to be solved, which have been referred
to the League of Nations as a method
of securing more mature judgment in
a less heated atmosphere, justifies the
creation of the League.
ITO abandon the covenant now
means that the treaty itself will col
lapse.
ut would take the exposure of but
q few documents at my hand to prove
thai | had been the most reluctant of
Americans to become involved in this
situation in Europe. But having gone
in with our eyes open and with a de
termination to free ourselves and the
rest of the world from the dangers
that surrounded us, we cannot now
pull back from the job. 1t is no use
to hold a great revival and then 90
away leaving a church for continued
services half done.
1--WE have succeeded in a most ex-
t%raordinary degree in imposing upon
Europe the complete conviction that
we are absolutely disinterested. The
consequence is that there is scarcely
a man, wonan or child who al read
in Europe that does not look to the
United States as the ultimate source
from which they must receive assur-
ances and guardianship in the liberties
which they have now secured after
30 many generations of struggle.
"This is not a problem of protecting
the big nations, for the few that re-
main can well look after themselves.
What we have done is to set up a
score of little democracies. and if the
American people could visualize their
they would insist with the
same determination that they did in
1917 that our government proceed"