Evening journal., 1919-08-09
BY L. c. MARTIN.

WASHINGTON, Aug. 9.-Seyen pro
visions OF the peace treaty must stanC
the brunt OF the attack by senators who
demand reservations and amendments
rs the price OF their vote for ratlilca
ton.
Chief among these provisions Il
Article Ten OF the League OF Nations
covenant, The text OF this clause fol
| lows;
ARTICLE i0-'rhe members OF
the league undertake 10 respect and
preserve as against external aggnes-
sion the territorial integrity and
existing political independence OF all
members OF the league In case OF
| any such aggression. or In case OF
! any threat or danger Of such ag-
gressiOn, the council shall advise
upon the means by which this OBJ
legation shall be fulfilled"
Those demanding elimination OF Artl-
Gle Ten, or at least a reservation by
the United States respecting II, declare
that the article obllgates the United
/ States under the advice OF the league
council, TO join In wars everywhere for
preservation OF the existing boundaries
and stability OF present governments.
They declare II binds the United States
30 make war at the order OF body
composed Of eight foreigners and one
American, and that This clearly IL an
attempt TO rob Congress OF It's constl-
iutional power Of declaring and waglng
war.
Those defending the article Insist
that the obligation incurred Is not a
legal one. but merely one OF honor
that the United States need not accept
and act on the advice Of the council
unless Il feels that course Is proper
that the article. while obligating this
government to respect the territory and
independence Of all other powers. also
obligales each OF them to respect the
United States territorial integrity and
political independence.
The next provision Is that referring
to the Monroe Doctrine. II reads:
ARTICLE 2i.--NOthing IN this
covenant shall be deemed 10 affect
the validity OF International engage
ments. such as treaties OF arbitra-
tion or regional Understandings
like the Monroe Doctrine. for secur-
Ing Tie maintenance Of peace"
This article does not protect the Mon
roe Doctrine as an American policy,
many Senators declare. because II does
not properly define the doctrine. They
assert that the Monroe Doctrine Is no.
a regional understanding but a dis
tlnclly American foreign policy. They
want a reservation 10 the effect that
nothing in the treaty shall be con-
strued 10 imply a REIMBURSEMENT by
The United States OF IT'S traditional at
titude toward purely American ques-
tions TO the decision or recommends
tion OF other powers.
Administration Senators reply that
Article 81 is in fact a recognition for
the first time by the great world pow
ers OF the Monroe Doctrine, and that
the league covenant itself In effect ex-
tends the principles OF that doctrine TO
the whole world
The third provision against which
objection is made is that relating to
domestic questions. In this case. 10 5
an alleged conflict Of two provisions
which has caused the demand for
amendment or reservation. These two
provisions follow:
ARTICLE ii.-Any war or threat
Of war, whether Immediately affect
ing any OF the members of the
league or not, is hereby declared TO
be a matter OF concern TO the whole
league, and the league shall take
such action that may be deemed
wise and effectual TO safeguard the
peace OF nations. 10 is also declared
TO be the friendly right of each
member Of the league TO bring TO
the attention of the assembly or
the council any circumstance what
ever affecting international rela-
tions to disturb international peace
or the good understanding between
nations on which peace depends"
ARTICLE 10. paragraph eight
If the dispute between the parties
is claimed by one Of them and is
found by the council TO arise out OF
matter which by international law
is solely within the domestic iuris-
diclion Of that party, the council
shall so report, and shall make no
recommendation as TO its settle
ment"
Those demanding a reservation maxi
ing plain The refusal Of the United
states 20. ,sdndt tbal The league has
aoyer domestic Questions
Ike immigration, the tariff and Iegu-
ation OF eoastwise trading declare
hat Article Eleven authorizes the
league to take iurisdiction They point 4
10 the language 'any war or threat OF
war" and "any circumstance whatever
international relations, " in
proof OF their contention. They insist
hat the quoted paragraph Of Article
Is does not prevent the league taking
II war is threatened by a
dispute over a question which lies
purely within the domestic jurisdiction
Df one party. but 10 the handling of
which under such jurisdiction, the
1ther party seriously objects. The im-
migration question is cited as an exam
lle. While recognized by some inter-
law experts as purely domes-
ic. immigration is held by others 10