davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

women, health insurance (for men and
women alike), protection of women en-
ployed in offices, on streetcars and in
elevators.
And with them in their demands for
these measures is an organization rep
resenting nearly 100000 working men
and women in this state-the State Fed
GRAFTON of Labor.
Now, the tirst-year Assemblyman, be-
fore he has rounded out his first week
here, is, with rare exceptions, the most
timid creature in the world. On his
arrival here he is firmly convinced that
the universe revolves around him and
that it's fate lies in his hands-an H.
lusion soon knocked out of him. But
the two women proved exceptions.
When Miss Phelps went to Mrs. Lilly
and asked her to support the legislative
programme of the Women's Joint Leg
islative Conference, Mrs. Lilly said she
would do nothing of the sort and said
that the enactment of such legislation
would close the doors of equal oppor-
tunity to women. She was reminded
that leaders of her own party were
working hard to help put through the
programme in its entirety, and she an
swered that this fact did not affect her
a bit
This required more than ordinary
courage, for Mrs. Lilly knew the mag
nitude Of the organization represented
by Miss Phelps. But Mrs. Lilly has
been fighting most of her life She was
one Of the first women admitted to prac-
tlce law. Shortly after her admission
her husband died. She found she could
not support herself and her son as a
lawyer, so she turned teacher. And
while teaching she distinguished herself
as one of the leaders in the fight for the
establishment of the juvenile court sys-
tenn in this state and in the struggle of
the women teachers for equal pay for
equal work.
One of the bills of the W. J. l.. C. has
been introduced by Assemblyman Sam
ms-the bill extending the protective
features of the labor laws to women ele-
vator operators. Mrs. Samms did not
have to hoe her own way until two Years
ago, when her husband died. He had a
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
BY EMMA BUGBEE

n 7 WAS baby born in rough shack
IN South Pass, Wyo., while they
were building the first railroad in
this barren valley between Medicine Bow
and the Black Hills, who brought woman
suffrage to the United States. He brought
it about through the gratitude of pio-
neer politician to the woman who had
nursed his wife and baby in the absence
of doctors in that outpost of civilization.
1t is the baby legend which will prob
ably take precedence over amy other
at the Wyoming jubilee celebration in
connection with the annual convention
Of the National American Woman Suf-
frage Association next month.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
The First
Woman Voter

"Grandma' Swain figures often in the
memoirs Of pioneer suffragists. having
oeen visited in after years by susan B.
h,n'hony -. herself and other workers in
states.
:, Mrs: Grace Raymond lIebard. Of the
wyoming State Historical Society. de.
scrlbes ,1 her on that first election day.
Mrs Swain. on The morning of election
day, made a determined effort to be the
flrst voter at the polls Putting on a
1resh' clean apron over her house dress,
she walked to the polls early in the morn.
ing. unalded, carrying a little bucket for
yeast to be bought at the bakeshop on
her return home.
1T is interesting to note" adds Mrs.
Henard' that the domestic instinct was
not not consumed by the new political obi
cations, and that the judge Of the cleo
ton recorded the vote of this gentle. de-
termlned, white-haired woman with more
than an ordinary degree of reverence"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Suffrage an
Amiable Joke
Women Shipbuilders-From Keel
to Wireless

NORTON, Mass.-W Women in England
are awakening as never before to "a real
ization Of their share in economic life.
according to Meyer Bloomfield, of Bos-
ton. Mr.. Bloomfield has Just returned
from a visit to France, Belgium and
England az a guest of the British gov
ernment, and is enthusiastic over the
work he saw women doing in those coun-
tries.
. In ono Of his visits to shjpyard an
expert told him that if the war had lasted
two years longer women would have been
able To build a ship from keel TO wire
less without assistance from men.
The war has taught the English one
important lcsson," said Mr.. Bloomfield
They have learned that the more train
ing, the greater intelligence and the
aounder physique a woman has the
quicker Is her adaptation to new work
and the more certain is her rise 10 u
position Of responsibility"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

Legislature, and he told Mrs Morris
that 1t there was any measure she
wished put through for the women Of
the Territory he would be glad to in
troduce it. She Immediately took him
at his word by asking him to introduce
bill cnfranchising women, and he
promptly did so.
"The Legislature was Democratic,
and it pounced upon the measure as a
huge joke. With the amable purpose
of embarrassing the Governor Of tho
territory, who was q Republican and
had been appointed by the President,
the members passed the bill and put it
up TO him TO veto TO their combined
amazement and horror, he did nothing
of the sort. He had come, it happened
from Salem, Ohio, one Of the first
towns in the United States in which a
suffrage convention was held There,
as boy, he had heard Susan B.
Anthony make a speech, and he had
carried into the years the impression
IL iHdue upon MN. lie signed that
bill, and as the Legislature could not
get a two-thirds vote to kill it the dis
gusted members had to make the best
of the matter.
"When the territory applied for
statehood it was feared that the wom-
an suffrage clause in the constitution
might imperi its chance Of admission,
and the women sent this telegram to
Joseph M. Carey:
Drop us if you must We can
trust the men of Wyoming to cnfran-
chise us after our territory becomes
a state
Mr.. Carey sent this reply:
"'We may stay out of the Union
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

amazing that even those who have seen
1t happen can hardly believe that it is
true and she has helped in every part OF
1t. She has helped to open the doors Of
education to women; she has helped them
to gam the right to work and the right
10 the possession of their earnings. Her
own special task has, of course. been 70
gam their admission to political rights
that is, to the service of their country in
pubic affairs. and here the most i'm.
portant victory of all has been won. I'm
der Mrs. Fawcett's leadership women
have attained to the opportunity of citi-
zenshlp at a time when their country
was engaged in the greatest of all wars
for liberty
Mrs. Fawcett will remain member
OF the Women's Society for Womens
Suffrage, and, through it. of the N. u
w. s. S."--Resovittcn from "Thc CHRIS
ttan Science Monitor"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
A Man Who Admired
His Wife

Other forms Of the Wyoming saga
place the emphasis for William II.
Brlght's introduction of the SUFFRAGE
measure on his distrust of the newly
emancpated negro voters and his dis
gust that they should have been given
the vote while it was denied to his wife
Mr.. Bright was a man almost entirely
without education, but he had a pener-
Gus nature and was not above adnirinp
the education and superior abilities of
his wife
II have never been to a school dav
IN my life he said, "and where learned
to read and write | do not know
Betty" he would say (accordipe TO
suffrage lcgend), CTS a shame that
should be a member of the Legislatnre
ana make laws for such a woman og Won
You are great deal better than am.
you know great deal more. and yo,,ld
make better member of the Logislaturc
than J."
Upon such mind tho words (and the
good nursing) of Mrs. Esther Morris
fell with excellent effect. When the
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

not carly enough to witness the polling
OF the first female vote-by Grandma
SWAIN, much esteemed Quaker lady Of
seventy-hve summers, who determined BY
her words and influence to rally her sex
to defend the cause of morality and JUS.
tice
Il saw the rough mountaincers main.
tanning the most respectful decorun
whenever The women approached the
polls, and heard the timely warning Of
one of the leading canvasscrs as he
slicnccd an incipicnt quarrel with uplift
ed finger, saying: Hist Sc quiet. A
woman IS coming And 7 was compeled
TO witness that in this rough. new coun
try supposed TO he infested by hordes Of
cutthroats, gamblers and abandoned
characters. ! had witnessed a more quiet
election than it had been my privilege
to sec in Vermont .
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

The course Of true justice did not run
smooth, however, even among those
generous minded pioneers" and it had
taken much real political skill on the
part of William Bright, aided ALWAYS bv
the redoubtable Esther Morris. to So
cure the necessary votes in the Legis-
laturc.
There was not only what DR.. Shaw
calls the "amiablc intention" of embar-
RAISING the Governor; there was also 2
very precise intention of getting each
political party to embarrass the other
People who sigh disapprovingly over the
present status of the suffrage movement
as "party politics" in Washington need
not read the following passage from
Susan B. Anthony's history of woman
suffrage, in which Ex-Governor Hoyt of
Wyoming is quoted;
This was a shrewd fellow. Thus
he said to the Democrats: We have
Republican Governor and Demo
cratic Legislature. Now, then. if VIC
carry this bill through the Legis-
lature and the Governor vetoes it we
shall have made point of our liberal
'ty and yet lose nothing. Keep still;
don't let on about it,
"Then he went to the Rcpublicana
and said.
'lhe Democrats are going to sup.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
a Little Child
Shall Lead Them

DR.. Anna Howard Shaw Is sponsor for
the baby legend, and she relates it as
follows in her autobiography:
Woman suffrage in Wyoming" she
writes, 'is due to the influence of one
woman, Esther Morris, pioneer who
was as good neighbor as she was a
suffragist. In those ea~ly days, in
homes far from physicians and sur
geons, the women cared for one an
other in sickness, and Esther Morris,
az it happened, once took full and
skilful charge of a neighbor during the
difficult birth of the lattcr's child. She
bad done the same thing for many
other women, but this woman's hus-
band was especially grateful
Suffrage an
Amiable Joke
He was also member of the
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
The Old Joke
About Her Age

In the House the bill met with the on
position OF one who shall be dubbed the
original anti, Ben Sheeks. Under his
reading various humorous amendments
were proposed to the bill, such as the
now iamlllar one that thirty years be
mace the age limit, instead of eighteen,
on the ground that no woman would ever
ADMIT being thirty. They compromised
on twenty-onc.
Governor Campbell signed the bill on
December 10, 1860.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Athletics for Girls After School

10 establish an athletic after-school
centre for every school girl in New York
Is the ambitious undertaking recently as
sumed by the Girls Branch Of the Pub
nc School Athletic League w
during. the last year more than
200 girls have had an opportunity to
ENJOY hockey in the city parks. 800
nave had admittancc to beth the frce
clubs clubs and the free bathing pools, 43,20O
nave enjoyed tho after-school centres
ana and 1920 have taken part in the va,
rious s fetes.--Remrttten from, "Thc Now
YORK; Evcnin0 zetegvan,.'' ~ 80 '''"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Mrs. San1rnis
Has Courage

Now this came as bit of a surprise.
Most legislators who are for this bill
they are by far in the majority-while
at heart in favor of it, are loath to
come out openly for it. SO | asked
Mrs. Sammis to give her reasons for
her stand. And here they are in brief:
Leadership is important in any
scheme of representative form of govern
ment. And this, of course, is equally
true in party government. When the
Hinman-Green direct primaries bill was
formulated-and you no doubt recall the
splendid fight Governor Hughes made
for 1.-THE dominant idea was that the
leadership in the party should have an
opportunity to make suggestions of
candidates., especially for statewide
office
In commonwealth of nearly
l2,OOO,OOO it is impossible for one COM
munlty at one end Of the state to know
what the people at the other end are
thinking about and talking about. 1t is
almost impossible to get the common
mind OF the state unless there is some
representative group to sit down and
talk it over. That is the initial purpose
of a state convention.
And that is the only means in this
state of getting the right sort of candi
dates for state Offices. Judges should be
divorced entirely from politics. If thew
are forced to seek the job they immed
ately are injected into politics. Direct
primaries are all we'll enough for the
political subdivisions of the state. and
excellent in small states where the en-
tire population is smaller than many of
our second class cities But in a com
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

Legislature opened and William Bright
was president of the Senate he intro
duced the following suffrage bill:
An act to grant to the women of
Wyoming Territory the right of suf-
frage and to hold office.
BE it enacted by the council and
The House of Representative of the
Territory Of Wyoming:
Section |. That every woman at the
age of eighteen years residing in this
territory may, at every election to be
holden under the laws thereof, cast her
vote. And her rights to the elective
FRANCHISE and to hold Office shall be
the same under the elective laws of the
territory as those of electors"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Women Are More
Conservative Than Men

The career to date Of the two wome,
has justified the belief of those who hod
that women are more conservative than
men. When this was suggested to Sen.
ator James A. Foley, the minority leade,
of the Upper House, he said:
THAT is true. The pages of history
are mute witnesses Of the fact. At ths
Saratoga convention last fall the wome,
did not try to lead. They realized ths
men were older hands at the game and
looked to them for advice and leader
ship. And in comparing notes with H.
Republicans found the same obtained
at their convention.
Women, too, are the natural foes n
Bolshevlsm, as was proven by the slumn
IN the Socialist vote when the women
IN. this state went to the polls last No.
Vember.'
Certainly there is nothing in tbs
legislation introduced by either Mrs
Lilly or Mrs. Sammis savorine in tbe
remotest degree of Bolshevism. And
Mrs. Sammis and Mrs. Lillv are onlv
typical OF their sex: they are not of the
mould the anti-suffragists would have
one believe the woman in politics is
cast, and from which writer's Of farces
and musical comedies obtain their con.
ceits of suffragists.
Logically enough. the most violent an.
t-sutfragists are women. Which re.
calls the line (quoted from memory Of
Victor Hugo:
"White upon white is ferocious: if the
lily could speak, how it would run down
the dove
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

fcial title Legislative agents Miss
Grace Phelps. The bureau is main
tanned by the Women's Joint Legisla-
tive Conference, unquestionably the most
formidable organization that this state
has known. 1t is composed of five Of
the biggest organizations in New York:
the New York Women's Trade Union
League, the New York State Consumers
League, the Consumers League of New
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Women Here and There

Mr.. Bloomfield was one of the speakers
at the Conference on Vocational Guild
ance Opportunities for Women, held
at wheaton College on February ID and
l5 Various other speakers at the CON.
ference Outlined the possibilities for Won
Ell in magazine illustrating. interior
decorating, employment management.
industrial research work in the line of
chemistry and other vocations.-~Re-
,"'1tte" from "7'ho Christian Science
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

monwealth like this, where the ponrl.
tion is nearly so per cent greater tbs.
all of Canada, a statewide dira,
primary is an unwieldy, unsatisfacto,,
machine which makes for confusion n,
course, the people must be given absn
Lutte and final control of nomination.
That is provided in the Walton Feam
bill"
And Mrs. Sammis recalled that Gu,
ernor Smith, year in and year out. Will.
a member of the Assembly, fought Bit
terly against the enactment of the d.
rect primaries law, and defended with
all his strength the party conventio,
system of selecting candidates. And sbs
said:
Il feel confident that when the bill !,
passed the Governor will sign it."
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

differ from those of the average male
Republican. So | put this question to
her:
"Of pending legislation, if but one
bill could be enacted into law and you
had your choice, what would it be-"
"Offhand l cannot think of any but
the WaltonF Fearon bill restoring party
conventions for state officers and cand-
dates for the Supreme Court"
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

port this measure, and if you don't
want to lose capital you'd better vote
for 1t, too. But keep still. Don't let
on
Both parties agreed to vote for it.
so when the bill came to a vote it went
right through. The members looked at
one another IN astonishment. for they
hadn't intended to do it, quite Then
they laughed and said it was a good
Joke, for they had got the Governor
in a fix
so the bill went to Governor John
A. Campbell, and he signed it. His
heart was right He saw that it was
long deferred justice, and SO signed it
AS gladly as Abraham Lincoln signed
his name to the proclamation which
cmancipated the slaves
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Doubling Thomases
At Their Feet

1t was the first time, too, that women
sat as legislators in the state. And
many who still regarded woman suf-
frage as bit Of an experiment-and
it must be confessed that some of these
doubling Thomases were members of
the gislature-doubted the wisdom of
it all. But they held their peace, and
are now glad they did, for the two have
more than fulfilled the expectations of
their friends and well-wishers; they
have their associates in the Legislature
literally at their feet, doubling Thomases
and all, although the Thomases no
longer doubt
The two Assemblymen in question are
Mrs. Mary NJ. Lilly, Democrat, repre-
senting the 18th Assembly District of
New York, and Mrs. Ida B. Samms,
Republican, of the I'd District of Suffolk
County.
And these two ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AS
semblywomen, if you please-have
proven what suffragists have always
contended: that women in politics do not
think i'll terms of sex. (This is an
opinion that does not come to some un-
til their hair begins to turn.)
OF thirteen bills introduced by the
women legislators only one could be
characterized as feminine legislation
This is the measure introduced by Mrs.
Sammis, extending the protective feat
ures Of the labor laws to women eleva-
tor operators.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

York City, the Young Women's Chris
tian Association, the New York State
Woman Suffrage party.
Equally formidable is their legislative
programme. 1t includes an eight-hour
day Tor women, minimum wage for
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Suffrage Made
Good Copy"

The wonders of the great mountains
and the rich mines which were opening
TO the astonished eyes of the Eastern
states as the new railroad pushed its iron
nose up and around the mountain peaks
that overlooked the Laramie plateau
were scarcely more productive of news
paper copy than this adventure in femi
nlne politics. So many newspapers sent
their sharp -pencilled artists to record
the weird event of women voting that if
seems to have been point well taken bv
the enemies of suffrage that it was done
to advertise the new territory.
Eastern papers published many let
ters from travellers, too. Among them
that of a certain Baptist minister. who
invested in Laramie mines and became
rich enough for his views to gather i'm
portance, may be quoted:
Il was early at the polls" he said. ..but
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

hay and feed business at Huntington,
Long island, and Mrs. Sammis, who knew
nothing about the business until death
forced her to take hold of things. has
managed it successfully.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
What One Veteran
Senator Thinks

OF the legislative leaders here the
oldest in point of service IS Senator J.
Henry Walters, president pro tenn. of the
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
Our Women Lawmakers in the Assembly

Senate. Accordingly, his observations
on the advent of the woman legislator
and the effect on legislation of the en-
trance of women into politics was first
sought.
The entrance of women into politics."
said Senator Walters, "has proven what
the women who fought for the vote
maintained: that the only effect of
women in politics on public affairs would
be for the better. 1t is too early to
point to better things which, it was pre-
dlcted, the enfranchisement of women
would bring about But this can be
said: that there has been no action
preclpitated by women acting as women,
nor has any been attempted
'What I wish to convey is that anv
legislation being advocated by women is
legislation that they regard as being
Tor the common good. And I cannot
conceive offhand any better way of an
swering the question What do I think
OF women as legislators?' than to saw
that | wish there were more of them"
They Are
"Regulars"
TO return to Mrs. Sammis and Mrs.
Lilly.
Both are charming women. Both are
widows. Both have grown sons who
served their Uncle Sam during the
world war, one in the navy and one in
the army. Both are revealing to the
people that women with mature minds,
at an age when some women are begin
ming to worry about crows feet, can be
of real service to the state.
In these things they are alike. But
IN their attitude toward public policies
they differ, as Republicans and Demo
Gratis have always differed On So
called party measures which have come
before them they have stood with their
respective parties. They are, in word,
'regulars.
To leave the women legislators for a
moment. There has been established
here legislative bureau, with a real
woman lobbyist--duly registered as such
with the Secretary of State-who is
always on the job. The lobbyist-of-
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

me looking at the singular jardniere.
She laughed, and explained:
"lt was beside my desk. 7 did not
want to have it removed. SO | recalled
that in the country ends of stove pipes
are used for flowerpots. And hence the
cuspldor doing service as a constant re-
minder Of the glorious outdoors'
This brought US to her views on lcgs-
lation, which, as hinted before, do not
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
What She Did With
Her Cuspidor

The other day l found myself in the
Assembly Chamber, sitting between a
small palm and some ferns, Towering in
cuspidor, and Mrs Sammis. She saw
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02
By DENIS TILDEN LYNCH
Albany. ". y. Special Correspondent

Albany, ". y, Special Correspondence
NN LAST New Years night, when
most women were playing hostess
to parties of merrymakers, two
of their sex were sitting in the AS
sembly Chamber of the State of New
York, visible evidence of the fact that
at the previous election women voted
in this state for the first time.
New-York tribune., 1919-03-02

hundred years, but we will como in
with our women
Evening star., 1919-05-14

ment and the expenses Of troops train
ed in England. The two countries
maintained a mutual account quite dis
tinct from the advances made from
time to time by the United States, not
only to Great Britain, but to other al
lied governments. Those advances are
in the nature of loans, to be rcim-
bursed in the future. They were not
in the form of money paid to the bor-
rowing countries, but were rather in
the form Of credits, the cash being ex-
pended in this country in payment of
bills contracted here by the borrowing
governments for munitions and ma
terials The $35, 100000 which England
owes the United States stands as the
final offset on miscellaneous items, the
striking of balance in running ac-
count covering the two years of Amer
lean participation in the war.