The Pioche record. [volume] (Pioche, Nev.) 1908-1925, 1919-12-19

clean ground and as wide separations
as possible from the probable chan
nels of impure drainage.
Water for domestic use should be
clear. iustrous. odoriess. coloriess
wholesome. soft neither strongly acid
nor alkaline. and its temperature for
general farm purposes should be
about so degrees. These characteris-
ties however. are never proof of pur-
lily for glass OF water may possess
them all and yet contain million o.
disease producing germs.
Ground water is the IDEAL supply
for the farm. Any farmer who Is
about to have n deep well. and who Is
| uncertain OF the depth and quantity
or quality OF the water likely to b.
encountered should describe fully the
location and condition OF his pro-
project to National or State geological
authorities and ask for advice The
use or the willow. hazel or peach stick
for locating underground water Is
without merit. although "forked-stick
artists from experience often are bet
ter able to Judge the probabilities Of
ground water than the average per-
son.
Wells are spoken of as shallow or
deep. dug. bored or driven or drilled.
s"d In the case OF tubular wells "a
- on-flowing or artesians Persons
Interested In the various types of
wells and their construction, advan.
tages. disadvantages. etc, will find
the subject treated In Farmers Bull
etin No. sii.
Wherever possible. the farmhouse
should be fitted with some sort OF
running-water system. simple o,
elaborate, according to the invest
ment the owner IL able to make Fo,
such systems water may be raised by
natural flow, hydraulic rams, pumps
air lifts. or air-displacement pumps
hydraulic rams are the most econo.
mical water-lifting devices. Sine,
rams of various sizes and makes per.
form differently, 1t usually is neces.
sary to accept the mechanical de,
tails determined by the manufacturer
The minimum. never more than ths
average flow of the spring should do
termine the size or the ram. Other
wise the one selected may be too larg,
for the dryweather flow. Small flow,
, may be determined by noting the tim,
I required to fill a vessel of known cap
acity. Larger flows may be determin
ed by weir measurements.
Where the water supply Is far from
t the ram site, 1t Is usual to pipe tn,
flow to an open tank or reservoir 10
Y Gated so as to secure the desired
length and fall of drive pipe. Some
: times the flow of spring Is to,
small to actuate ram that IL SUI
, ficient for domestic requirements II
: such instances and where nearb,
Y brook can be damned to obtain tn
{ necessary power head, the recoil o
' the ram may be employed to admi
!, the spring water, which IL pumped b.
{ the fall of the brook water in I'll
I drive pipe.
Motion of water produces friction
|. which increases with the length an
3 roughness Of the pipe and the rapidit
}. of the waters movement. Henc,
d wherever much water is to be deliver
a ed through long pipe the power Q
Q head necessary to overcome frictio
e should be determined,
d In selecting a pump one should d.
Il termine the kind of we'll to be use,
It's inside diameter, depth to tn bo,
$ tom. the depth cased, depth to IL
= water level, both when the pump
e at rest and In operation and the max
e mum yield. The maximum quantity
n water required per day should be ca
It culated alsoI One should also d.
termine the distance from the we
/ to the proposed location of the pun
IS and the vertical heighth betwee
At these points. The kind of power
IN be employed should be settled upt
l. also---hand power, wind mill. gasolil
re or oil engines, or electric motors---ai