davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10
WAGES PAID TO THE
CULINARY CRAFTS,
HELP IN HOTELS

! The Bureau of Labor Statistics
/ has issued a bulletin showing aver
age wages of hotel and restaurant
employees in 26 large cities.
That men working in hotels and
restaurants far outnumber women
in occupations usually regarded as
woman's work, is clearly shown in
the preliminary report on wages
paid hotel and restaurant employees
Issued by the Bureau Of Labor sta
tistics of the t. s. Department of
Labor in the September Labor Re
view This report presents the
first body of facts ever collected on
nation wide scale of the wages
and hours of persons in this large
industry, and includes data from 26
cities representing every section of
the United States. The information
is given in the form Of the daily
rate of wages paid all classes of en-
ployees in each city, and all persons
in the same occupation throughout
the country. Men predominant in
the whole industry, $4,000 out OF
the 10000 employees included be-
ing men and only $1,000 women. OF
the $500 cooks only $50 or 8 per
cent are women; of the 1920 dish
washers LOO or 40 per cent are
women of the kitchen help only l.
100 out of 5000 or 81 per cent
are women One man, however,
undertakes to be a housekeeper!
There is a striking contrast be-
tween the wages paid these men
and women in the same occupation,
be it skilled or unskilled work. Thus
"a men cooks are paid $40 a day,
while only one woman receives as
much as Sc a day. The largest
group of men cleaners receives 50
day; women, 81; men dishwashers
$3.50 a day, women 81; men wait
ers, $1.25 a day, women |. Most OF
the employees in the kitchen and
dining room departments receive
three meals day in addition to this
money wage while men in the serv-
ice department-bell doormen
and PROFESSIONALLY receive
straight money wage and housekeep-
ers and maids often have room as
we'll as meals. The estimates Sc
cured from the managers of the 1853
gathered, as to the value of the
lodging rendered employees, varied
so extremely from establishment to
establishment that no average has
been computed. The average esti-
mated value of three meals varies
from 50 cents in Memphis, Tenn,
to Slip in Denver, Colo. Walters,
maids, bellmen and baggage porters
rs we all know, are expected to sup
plement their wages by the tips they
receive. Averages for each city of
the value of such tips, as estimated
by the hotel arrangements, show
that maids receive an average of II
cents to SO cents a day, while bell
men and walters receive from $1.27
to $3.7S and from $1.16 to 1857
respectively. Thus the daily in
come of maids whose average daily
rate of wages is $1.29 a day is less
than that of bellmen, whose average
daily of wages is only sc cents.
The hours worked by employees
in this industry, information re-
garding the steadiness of their en-
ployment, and the days off a week
allowed or not allowed them, will
be given in the full report on this
industry to be issued by the Bureau
later this fall
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10
NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION

and would not if the enormous tom
mage of sugar in storage were
forced on the market.
The remedy is to force the stored
sugar on the market and if there is
still a shortage, ration the sweet
stuff to housewives and corporation
Gamers and users of sugar in pro-
portion to their needs and the sup
ply at equitable prices.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10
NJ an &c m len /
--Equally Responsible
to Capital and to Labor

duction-without consideration for
justice.
Labor troubles multiplied.
Generally they were believed to be
matters of the pay envelope and
the time clock. But the under
lying cause in most cases was a
consciousness of injustice.
Labor and capital both suffered.
Both called management to account
for their troubles.
Management had to face the facts.
In plant after plant, today,
management is earnestly studying
the needs and working conditions
of the men inside it's own four
walls. The value of human relations
in industry is being redisoovered.
The principle of the Square deal"
is being applied. The energy of
the worker is being developed and
guarded. Initiative is rewarded.
Promotion beckons.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10

step we lose all that we have
gained.
The certain way to insure violent
upheaval, revolution, disorder and
perhaps, in the end, failure to
achieve that democracy, is to at
tempt to dam up progress by autoc-
racy. That the world will not en-
dure. The receipt for revolution is
infallible. DO we wish to try it?
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10

is the way to produce revolutions.
If kept up as long as it has been
upon the Coast it never fails to
produce red results.
The lesson has been repeated a
million times. If the world will not
learn it will he repeated millions
more. Social evolution, like geolo-
gy. has all the time there is" 1t
is Indifferent to the fate of men
and nations. If they must be de-
stroyed an hundred times to learn
one lesson essential to survival,
then the destruction will go on.
Human history never ceases to
repeat that arrogance, tyranny and
autocracy always keep on produc-
ing revolution until tyranny falls
or society goes down in ruins, to
begin again the slow upward climb.
Never did Nature try harder to
teach this lesson. In spite of her
indifference it would seem as if she
were reluctant to see stupid human
stubbornness wreck so painfully a
built-up Civilization.
SO illustrations are heaped up.
All the world is called to see in the
blazing lesson of war the downfall
of the Hohenzollern and Hapsburg
autoCraCy. BY a dozen parallel in
stances it is shown that only where
liberty is greatest and democracy
most trusted is there order, security
and progress.
Industrial illustrations are most
plenty. Just in the proportion that
democracy prevails, unions are pow
erful and labor shares In control, Is
there an absence of violence.
The clothing industry was once
one of the most turbulent. Strikes
accompanied every market change
and these shifted almost monthly.
Employers cursed unions, fought
them, and chaos followed The
unions grew, as they always will,
until the largest firms are managed
in all labor relations Jointly by the
unions and the owners. These
firms have had peace in the midst
of turbulent industrial upheaval.
The steel trust is now Matching
revolution. When the inevitable
violence follows it's refusal to meet
labor in peaceful negotiations, its
organs will curse labor. But hui
mainly would be doomed to servi-
tude and progress would cease if
labor was so false to it's historic
mission and the welfare of mankind
as to endure without resistance.
Society is moving toward indus
trial democracy. We are not yet
sure of the form that democracy
will take. We do not know all the
methods of approach. We do know
it is the elimination of ages of hui
man development, and that, unless
all the lessons of history are false,
that if we fail to take that next
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10

THE familiar picture Of industrial
production a century ago, in
GUIDED the mill beside the dam,
the owners house on the hill and the
workmen's homes scattered along the
valley.
Production was on a small local
scale. There was constant and
intimate contact between the owner
and his men.
Then markets opened up-nation-
wide-world-wde. Production was
forced into larger and larger units.
The little mill spread itself over
several acres Of buildings, filed with
intricate machinery. The valley of
scattered homes became a busting
town.
The man who owned the mill
had to call upon friends and strangers
for capital to extend his plant. Also,
he found he could no longer direct the
Increasing number Of workmen en-
gagged.
So the corporation" was born
and management stepped in as a
necessary link between those who
invested their money and those
who invested their labor.
At first, corporate management
was naturally eager TO show profits.
Too often management considered
itself solely the servant Of the
money invested, Pressure for divi-
dends often became the only con-
sideration.
Management for dividends only"
made machines Of the workers.
Managers pushed foremen. Foremen
in turn pushed their men for pro-
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1919-10-10

mutual good faith than was ever
gotten by force.
The Square deal" yields more
dividends to stockholders, better
earnings for men - and growing
content for both.
And finally, enlightened corporate
management is developing
charscter-as distinct as the former
Owner Management type - but
stronger, more dependable and more
permanent.
At Hydraulic, we are working out
this responsibility of management
for men.
Every advance we have made has
been justified by practical results
to our stockholders and to our men
(many of whom are themselves
becoming stockholders.
The increasing spirit of initiative
and interest on the part of our
men is yielding a larger output,
with better and more uniform
quality. We have been able to hold
our men and to attract a better
class of recruits. All hands are
more contented.
Our investment in men is more
important to us than our investment
in mechanical equipment. Machinery
receives expert care and constant
attention. What about men?
There is long way yet to go. But
our money, our management and our
men have linked arms and are going
forward to the point where It may
fairly be said that Hydraulic is more
than place to work"
This Is the second OF a series
OF articles In this publication.
THE HYDRAULIC PRESSED
STEEL COMPANY
OF CLEVELAND
D 10 c,
. M PANY
The evening world., 1919-08-07

Doug Adams surveyed them with
utter contempt; he referred to the
paper again and head another paper
pinned to the application.
mot quite comical enough" he
declared. you've got the descr.p-
tion Of both inventions right here In
the same wrapper, and both are
Identical. I'll keep these papers un-
I'll you have straightened out the
matter with Nonahan and his rights
are protected" He put the paperJ
into his coat pocket.
There was sudden knock az the
door The Weavers smiled and ex-
changed triumphant glasses Adams
called sharply: "Who rs it2'
A somewhat vague and indisunct
voice replied: "Its Monahan."
Doug sighed with relief. He took
out the key went 10 the door and
threw II wide open. Dan MonahRn
lurched into the room, still a bit
worse for liquor, but keen for light.
Am in time for the scrap7" he
cried. loudly. The WeRvers, father
and son, collapsed. as Doug shut the
door again.
Therd was another knock at the
door, Again Doug Adams called
WHO Is it?'
A second voice answered, clearly
and distinctly: It's Monahan."
Monahan and Doug Adams gazed
hlankly az each other, but Doug
opened the door. The big ATHLETIC
special officer from the bank below
strode into the room, and the Weavers
leaped forward eagerly TO clasp him
by the hand and tell their story.
"Ohioer, arrest that man." de-
manded Otis Weaver, pointing al
Doug. The officer in surprise turned
and for the first time had a good
look at Doug.
Look outI He's carrying a gun.
warned Bert Weaver, taking refuge
behind the big office desk.
Arrest him, | say cried Otis
Weaver, az the policeman paused and
commenced TO grin at Doug.
'HellO, Lieutenant" said the on
GER cordially, extending his hand
You remember meal Higgins. as
sstant mechanic. Marine FlYnR
corps. l helped you get Off the day
you copped Won Ragen"--
Hello, YOU old scout" shouted
Doug. genuinely pleased at meeting
Hlggins again. "Of all the wonders
But | command you to arrest thai
man." shouted Otis Weaver, imperi-
ously. Hes broken into my safe
he's stolen my papers. | want you L
arrest him"
The officer turned to Otis Weaver
with a laugh. Arrest him? Ares
Lieut.. Douglas Adams? All, chas,
yourself Arrest hell"
Doug Adams threw an arm affec
tionately around the SHOULDER OF hi
former assistant mechanic, while Dai
Monahan roared with laughter
Yes, go on, Weaver" laughe,
Doug. Tell II TO the marines"
The evening world., 1919-08-07
Mothers Vacation -Gcs Zee; oSss Sss !

she, in turn, considers her family
in her cooking, and on hot days doeB
not serve heat-produclng foods. Oo-
caslsually aha serves ieed bouillon.
which Is delicious. she also makes
most appetlElng salads OF canned hsh.
cold meat or vegetables. Sometimes
she has fish, but Ahe. does not fry this
because Il Is too great digestivs
strain In hot weather. She always has
plenty OF cool water in the Tsfrigera-
tor. and sho serves iced tea OF coffee.
As sort Of reciprocity. on very hot
days. she hangs a wet sheet on a line
In the dlning-room and living room
and cold. wet towels In the open win
dow. 30 the family ind cool rOouaE
when they set home from business.
She says, II don't mind the sum
mer one bit. My family mako ne
take life 30 easy that ! get a good
rest 80
Another family that decided motAeE
should have a restful summer pur-
chased vacuum cleaner on the IN
aAAlNNANhN paw NNNN w. NN"NF~NNT--'
toward the payments, and they have
the laundry done outside during July
and August. ~
on q certain block the neiGhboEa
see either a young man or woman
come along each night with a oox OF
ice-cream. This son and daughter
take turns in Swing mother . nightly
treat. because, Mother will not 30
away. We two never get our vacation
at the same time. and she feels she
must be ~ home to look aftaF W. IL
is very slight Facompepse 70 treat
her 70 lae-cream and cake after . hot
days toll In the household" These
two young people take mother 70 the
beach once week for dinnaF, rtust
TO give her a glimpse OF the water
ana ietv-her see something besides
home
There are many nioe ways Of giving
the faithful housewife a little SUM
meT recreation, and Il pays
The evening world., 1919-08-07

CCTYBRY ONE in the family gets
n vacation except mother"
exclaimed a tired housewife.
They all seem to think if'I am not At
the helm the ship will sink, and as.
there Is always one or more of the
family at home must stick to the
ship" Her family tell a dirgent
tale. They say the faithful mother
cannot be persuaded to go away on
n vacation because she Is so con-
cerned about their welfare.
Another woman declares abe would
'just love TO take a vacation" but the
health and welfare Of her family re-.
aulre her attention more during the
summer than any other time OF year
and so she feels she must remain at
home. and she complains, II am just
tired out" ..
hut here is third housewife who
remains at home and has q vacation
too. Her fdmily appreciated her sac
tifice and all help to make the sum
mer home vacation time for mother.
Her home has been made easy TO
keep clean. Hangings, heavy rugs
and buperfiuolls articles have been
stoyed away so the rooms are cool
and inviting. There Is no unneoes-
sary cleaning done during the warm
days.
There is family fund TO which
each member contributes on pay
night and this pays for the house
hold laundry. so mother need no
wash nor iron during the summe'
months. THE family fund also pait
for a fireless cooker where the vege'
tables are cooked and served hot
Some OF the family like cooked oerea-
and this Is prepared IN the cooker owe
night. Sometimes a ham or a pieo'
OF meat Is cooked in this and served
cold with hot potatoes and vese'
tables. SO mothers constitution u
not weakened by an overhea'e0
kitchen. ....
The evening world., 1919-08-07

y b 30 IE EVdnmTW World
DISTINGUISHED prsentday literary 81
w trying wife, who a collateral relative Ralph
Waldo Emerson, that descended from Wnow Of
the Mayhower trying
who stole feather bed There stopped"
hunters provided they far Sdak man
shadow
an who pong around among
Let the viii
doubles
% the
father mother
tothes of these had third
hon eight
fourth generation
NTH thirtywo. sxty-fOur,
twentyeght
in
AOls576, in the hrieth 10 1,073471s34l ~,
readily
mat Phladepha lawyer might easily tracing
Che slIne ..t ....... ....
process Of going backward
poty
doubled generation The children followed
aendchdren grandchildren
tgentyeEhth generation number 6OO662i
H1f the period farther removed from
the Norman
woudb Of his descendants Of them
herted something of his nature =, D..
daughters
the that all the people living at the day relations
With perfect propriety call them brothers
OF fully realize this fact II did
Nth and kin
every person
implied
>Humanfty" would take newer and holler meaning
The evening world., 1919-08-07
.Hop 1t Started
By Hermine Neustadtl
fork EFening Wofid.
TOGstiHg.

TOR the social creature who as
plres 20 prominence and popu-
larity at the eonyial board We
have books and books Of clever
toasts. But they do not tell US why
we call these complimentary little
speeches :toastS,' nor why the sub
ject Of them Is toasted" or called
the toast" But history, that sheds
light into tho remotsst corners. has
preserved a rich tale.
when glasses were soblets and
wine was drunk out Of cups. toast"
was just what 1t Is to-day-hreAA
toasted. And no old-uma goblet OF
vino was camplete without its hoat-
ing piece Of toast which was SUP
posed to Eivo the drink q better
flavor. So, inslead OF saying Il drink
to thee" II was Il toast thee" or =
toast to thee
In the days OF Addison and Stella
tho Bath was quite a social function
in England. As in our day people
congregate At the seaahore, court
ladies' and gentlemen met at the,
famous Baths in town and hold
salon.
One day when a noted beauty vas
in tho Cross Baths young couFtessn
took a glass Of the water, in which
she stood and proposed her heath
TO the company. az which snothF
suitor Jumped up and exclaimed thai
though he had no taste for the liquor
he would have the toast II takes ~
to make a bargain. and whether ar
not tho toast agreed We do not know.
but the appellation has survived "a
! our day.
The evening world., 1919-08-07
CHAPTER Xxx.
THE old fashioned boarding
house, now under tho aus
plees OF Miss Midge Monahan,
was in very truth old IA

houbtt noW uuucr lilO aus
piees OF Miss Midge Monahan,
was in very truth old fash
Toned. The late Mrs. Monahan
had made no effort TO keep abreast
Of the styles In the way Of
boarding houses, and when Midge
Monahan succeeded her at tho car
nest request OF Uncle Dan, ia order
To keep things going, Mldge made no
effort to change the style OF things
except in one respect; she gave full
portions OF food and generous help
ings.
Comfortably ensconsced in ono OF
the incest front rooms al the Mona
hams, Doug Adams took things very
quietly for about ten days after he
had successfully exposed the duplicity
Of the Wcavers.
Meanwhile, in the boarding house
Of the Monahans, "a young couple
found much TO make them happy.
One morning as Phil Bishop read the
latest baseball news whilc Mini toyCd
with some stowcd pr1inos and Zap
Jacks, tho little French bride tapped
hiH arm impatlently,
"Philccp," she said in broken Eng
lish, 81 thought you ave promise mo
you wcel not Of the most certain read
the paper when you can talk TO me
instead"
The evening world., 1919-08-07

sharp runners have been patented
to be clampcd 10 the wheels OF baby
coach TO enable 4 parent TO take an
infant skating .wi!h him
BY introducing venthating devices
n lead smeltor In Europe reduced III
ness among Us employees from 70 per
cent. TO three per cent.
An inventor has designed a cover
FOR boats and their crews that Is in
tended To shed all rain and spray,
get not Interfere with rowing.
-
The Peruvian government Is plan
ming the establishmsnt OF aerial mail,
The evening world., 1919-08-07
THE KING OF HOGS.

T7HE king Of porkers holds
court in Iowa. He measures
seven feet from nose to tail
.and weighs LOO pounds. James
.Yipond, a stockman, has an
.nounced that he refused an offer
'of $4,000 for the boar and that he
wouldn't take twice the amount
FOR him.
Careful watch Is kept on the
royal hog by a retinue OF attend
'ants. The royal pen and hog wal
low are tho best that money and
science can produce.
The evening world., 1919-08-07
Copyright lplp' ~ Ihe firss =
Why Are We Right
Handed?
kItclen.

-HIs may sound like another pf
those perplexing posers pro-
pounded by Ienfapt terrible, But
does not everything In Nature point
to riEht-handedness as an artifcialiy
acquired habit rather than a eongen-
itai physical pecullarity?
There is nothing in animal life TO
show why, OF two perfectly matched
limbs, we should choose TO use one
almost to the exclusion OF the other
why the right should be unoon-
sclously trained 10 have more
strength and practically all the dex-
terity.
SO long has man been right-handed
that he has become almost right
aided. II you take the trouble 10
observe you will sec that inyolun-
tarily he puts forward his right foot
in starting 70 run; and you can al
ways hop easier and longer on the
right than on the left,
II the non-com's '1eft-right" does
not resound to the end OF the line
he will probably have half his march
crs out o. step, because those VINO
do not hear will start Right"
We are right banded because carly
in mans lighting career, which goes
back as far as Adam and Eve, Y
was discovered that the heart -
the most vulnerable part OF tho body
and that injury to II OF all organs u
fatal. Therefore every warrior aim
ing at his adyersary's LEFT breast
which OF course was directly opposite
his right hand held his bow and ar
row to his right shoulder hurled
iaVollns with his right hand and win
mace, battle axe or sword fenced
| against the shields held over the re-
| sIon OF his adVCrsary'B heart
The evening world., 1919-08-07
Newest Notes of Science

passenger and freight routes extend
Ing into mountainous regions.
fsf
4 portable concrete fence has heenI
Invented, made OF grooved slabs ana
posts which fit together so that no
other fastening Is required.
ssS
A diAk phonograph record invented
N Europe has groove which auto
matically returns the needle 10 the
starting point 20 make II repeat.
Instead Of buttonholos, a new ooh
lar for men has slots 20 slip over the
buttons, those In front interlockin9
TO hold the collar securely.