The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1919-06-17
LARGE IlDElllII.
SERBIA FROM A0sIl


question OF tia indemnity dvA ~
from the Central Powers Ia SnD4118
| the attention OF government ufdoa411
Practically every town in Serbt4BMs
suffered from bombardment or I19@kS
ing during the war. The damagH 494&S
900. MA ~rs,s ~ ss*Sssass I,
The total loss from crops, food
plies. clothing. linen and hdtt9nol4
utensils requisitioned or appTdDft6tod4
by the invading armies fs estinn4t06-Mt
$34O. 600. 900. The value Of S6343e.
! sheep. horses. farming inpfet4A4tes
and machinery carried off or deGkf9Ied
by the enemy Is estimated at <271.-
600 900. ssis,s.ss. SSs
Forests have been ruthlessiys cut
down reducing the timber assets Ok the
country by 10000. 900. The DAMAGE
done to factories and places Of buG1n4GDS
is estimated at $40, 900. 900. n Gevern-S
ment property has been injurSut 70 -
proximately the same. extent, aakfM9
the total direct and srnatariAls @p44s to-
Serbia between 800. 0eo, 900 and &soA,~
100000 Indirect losses for tA0-natn-
tenance of refugees are estimated ~
s48.000,0 900 and for pensions and sup
port Of war sufferers 1920. e0p boo.
The Balkan war Of 1ST1S3913 cost
Serbia $500, 900 day and resulted IN
a debt of s240. 100000. At the same
time production was reduced by more
than one half and practically allltians-s
before the beginning Of the great var
Serbia faced an economic deficit mt;
s140,o 900. - .~r
! But the greatest loss WAS IN the 20
duction of man power and lahoR ST
! ficiency. Up to the year 1914 ont ~
a population of 3,ooA,eQo .EaorAs thar
! 500 900 men were mobalizeds By.191hs
lAL -
| 700, 900, practically all these men hAN-
ing been taken from productive Occu-
pations.
| Another severe economic blow ~
Serbia, was the seizure and dgDasement
OF the currency OF the country. When
Serbia was occupied by hostile forces
s72, 900. 900 was in circulation, OF
which approximately $4,000. 660- var
removed by the government The bal
ance remained in the hands " the
public and was for the most part taken
/ by the invading enemy dirsctly BY
levees or indirectly by an artificial rate
of exchange which debasedo 0eFb1AAs
| currency to a fraction OF its. real value
/ Something OF the effect OF the war
upon Serbia's agriculture may -
gathered from the situation IN the dis
trict of Guevgeli. Here before the war
were to be found s44e head OF cattle,
after the war $50 head; before the
war 1851 goats after the war b.
I3a7: before the War ~, $50 hAA6"okE
sheep after the war ABB head. In
the village OF Kavanska before The
war were 1000 goats, after the var
only II goats remained. and senly s5%
horses and 205 mules were left OF. SEQ
and 2,s45 respectively. = a.z $50 -sa
| When IL comes time to demand m
lind emnity from the Central Powers on
behalf of Serbia all these things Will
be taken into conSideration,ra,Al large
portion of the population. has been
torn from its homes and are scettAred
In foreign countries. The small por~
ton IL the country remaining In. this
hands of the allies has been A1led nth
penniless refugees. Tx.
At the end OF the war .eerhia~yEas q
country stripped bare Of most Of jts
property, loaded down with ,deptsr-ite
factories destroyed. its Agricultural irn-
lplements taken and its Transportation
lsystem wrecked. For All this the CNn-
ltral Powers must be made ia naJg
/ America has spent and Is spending
Ito its former economic position.
Through the American Red Cross
which has been at work continuously
for three years in the little Balkan
country. the Serbian people have re-
ceived invaluable aid from the United
States. supplementing ,tha-zork Of
American Red Cross 3br 1zsrican
food mission has broqaN in tho Dnds
Of tons OF -four and Ia. Therg no
country In the vorldstsAt stands her
lin the affections of tho Serbian Die
than America. "a
sixty trains OF about thirty 6ght
cars each also were nllAd with eian
loot and carried off from nSfade-
This loot, which included suUs pianos.
probably never will be recovered. The
Austrians, with devi1ish ingenuity. also
ATTEMPTED to purify the water system
Of Belgrade by connecting pure water
pipes with the sewage drains.
The American Red Cross sO0m41is-
sion at Belgrade Is doing good work
/! fighting typhus and sending relief sx-s
! petitions into the interior. A fe-
suit OF the wholesale footing by the
Austrians as they retreated, thESAp4er-
institutions in Belgrade in need of as
distance.
| Aid was given to military AMI CIVIL
ian hospitals. the main orphanage.
several small institutions for chfidren,
the insane asylum, the asylum. 1erfin-
valid men. the city dfspensary .apd =
number Of schools for young vernon.
A hundred tons OF clothing i.4ve been
given to the poor in the last three
months. -'>nsts
| A workroom with 153 American
sewing machines in operation has Heen
established and a show-makinM work
shop, a soup kitchen, dental Clinic
! a Tuberculosis ward, a "deloustng
plant where 10000 refugees and eol-8
diers have been disinfected, an auto
park canteen for Serbian soldiers. with
frst-aid station, also are being. oper-2
ated under the direction Of tho Red
Gross. -s7s 9:us III
| Units Of one doctor, several nurSes
and general utility men and Wottten
have established distributing ware
houses. delousiAg plants. food ana
clothing lines. workrooms, and ats
pensaries and have. given aid to or
taken over the local hospitals at Pa-s
ianka. Cuprija, Semendrta. 0hreno-s
vatz. Kragujevats (where 4 dental
clinic Is working). Shabotx. P63ha-s
revatx. Negotin and Petroy4t4.
| From these main stations more than
200 small villages IN Northern 4Gbia
are visited by travelling. units Of doc
tors and nurses ana field workers who
49,